American Revolution in Drawings and Prints


The American Revolution


U^uUM SiccZL*. *l Coy,14,44
in Drawings and Prints

A Checklist of 1765-1790 Graphics in the Library of Congress
compiled by Donald H. Cresswell with a foreword by Sinclair H. Hitchings
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON 1975


Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
United States. Library of Congress.
The American Revolution in drawings & prints.
Bibliography: p. ooo
i. United States—History—Revolution—Pictorial
works—Catalogs, i. United States. Library of
Congress. I. Cresswell, Donald H. II. Title.
E209.U54 1974 769'-499733 73"i74°5
ISBN O-8444-0102-1
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents
U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D.C. 2040a - Price $14.35
Stock Number 3001-0050


973.397
Looking back from the 20th century across 200 years to the American
Revolution, a present-day student of history might see the struggle as a
leisurely, spread-out, episodic affair. By the measurements of our congested
age, the numbers of people engaged were small. The speed of events was the
pace of ships sailing, men marching, a day's journey by a troop of cavalry.
The pictorial record of the Revolution, as seen by all of us who live in the midst
of photojournalism, halftone reproductions, and high-speed presses, producing
a flood of images, seems meager.
Largely unknown, however, in the impatient age of the television producer
and moviemaker, is a surprisingly extensive record in pictures. Scholars have
worked on it persistently and with growing knowledge, ever since the centennial
celebrations of 1876. In the realm of the scholar, however, rather than the
reading and viewing public, it still largely remains. The maps and political
caricatures which make up a large part of the record often must be reproduced
in detail, rather than in the whole, and with accompanying analysis and
explanation, to be made comprehensible to a modern viewer. Our historians
and publishers, for the most part, have backed away from a task which is
costly in both time and money.
Still, the maps and the caricatures exist as part of our pictorial legacy,
and in addition there are a wealth of portraits (often of the great, seldom of the
humble), a surprising number of reportorial views of places and events, a visual
literature of allegories, emblems, and symbols, and an intriguing quantity of
alleged representations drawn largely from imagination.
The scattering of fictitious renderings in the present book, though they are
not always identified as such, can usually be easily recognized. When an
Augsburg engraver, lacking accurate source material and knowing his audience's
ignorance of faraway places, used familiar European architecture to create a
scene labeled New York or Salem or Boston, he produced a picture European
in concept and wondrously Baroque in detail to observers in our century.
Lacking likenesses, English and European publishers on occasion were quite


satisfied with imaginary portraits, too. Commodore Hopkins (Item 114) is not a
factual portrait of Esek Hopkins, but the mezzotint does belong in the realm of
the emblematic. (Many more of these pictures cross the boundaries of any
categories which could be devised.) As a patriotic image and a piece of pro-
American propaganda, the Commodore is spirited and appealing. One of the
flags in the background shows a liberty tree, the other a rattlesnake with the
words "Dont tread upon me." Hopkins at the time was 58, but the portrait
shows a younger man, a dashing figure in his cocked hat and uniform.
The elements of symbolism and myth are important in a number of the
portraits. A few people in every age become popular symbols. No man was
more fully taken into the mind of humanity in this way than Benjamin Franklin,
as a symbol of the culture which had developed in England's North American
Colonies. His homely likeness, his scientific achievements, his simplicity,
worldliness, industry, and charitable nature were known throughout Europe.
As a symbol of common sense, practicality, inventiveness, and down-to-earth
accomplishment, he also symbolized the aspirations of Americans.
The symbol of America most commonly found in these pages, however,
in portraits, political caricatures, and the cartouches of maps, is the Indian.
Mr. Cresswell's book could be the jumping-ofF place for a number of others,
including a study of the Indians of North America as depicted occasionally by
Americans and frequently by Europeans in the 18th century. The books which
bring us the work of 19th-century painters and photographers of the American
Indian have multiplied, making the record of the previous century seem
neglected by comparison.
There are many ways to look at the pictorial legacy which has come
down to us from the years of revolution in North America. Along with the
pictures which symbolize, propagandize, and satirize, there are occasional genre
or storytelling pictures and a great many others which express the natural
desire to show people, places, and happenings as they really were. In portraiture,
that Philadelphian-by-adoption, Pierre Eugene Du Simitiere, put us deeply in
his debt by drawing what seems to me to be a wholly convincing series of
portraits from the Revolutionary years. They were engraved by Prevost in
Paris and were copied in London. In retrospect we might wish that he had
done many more, as St. Memin was to do with equal care and conviction at
the end of the century.
vi


Mr. Cresswell's job has been like that of an archeologist patiently
assembling a mosaic. He has gone from department to department in the far
reaches of the Library of Congress in search of the pictures captured and
exhibited in these pages. Multiply his undertaking many fold, substituting the
numerous public and private collections here and abroad for the departments
of a single great library, and a more accurate idea can be obtained of the
pictorial material which is available. The single most important body of pictures
which show us the war and its settings are the drawings (many maps, surprising
numbers of topographical views, and not a few scenes of military movements
and actions) by British and French Army and Navy personnel. Many of these
men were military engineers, and most of them were officers. Often we know
their work by engravings made when the designs were sent home. Many
drawings were never engraved but survive in the original. They are represented
here by a few frontline sketches, by many profiles, landscapes, and views
engraved as part of Des Barres' supremely accurate and decorative charts in
the Atlantic Neptune series, and by the designs by Pierre Ozanne, the official
artist of the French fleet on duty in American waters in 1778-79. Of the books
which could take their departure from the present survey, the most direct and
attractive in summoning up the past would be a collection of the original
drawings and watercolors by these civilized warriors who found time for their
art not only in the line of duty but for their own pleasure as well. Des Barres,
Montresor, Ozanne, Holland, Berthier, Davies, Robertson, Nicole, Pierrie,
Dupre, Williams, Millar, Page, and many others left a record which today is
to be found in the collections of the British Museum, Bibliotheque nationale,
Library of Congress, New York Public Library, Clements Library, Huntington
Library, and other repositories.
The pictorial record as made by Americans has a special eloquence and
frequently the appeal of primitive art, but it is as limited as might be expected
of a country in which the graphic arts were not to become an industry until well
after 1800. We can be grateful for the artistic sophistication and skill that
accompanied foreign military and naval forces to North America and for the
very large production of pictures relating to America which came out of the
graphic arts centers of London and Paris. However difficult it might be to
bring even all the military drawings together, they constitute, for the handful
of students who continue to list and survey the holdings of various institutions,
vii


a partial answer to the problem of building an authentic pictorial history of
the Revolution.
Oil portraits and sculpture, which are part of the total pictorial record,
do not appear in the present account of the Library of Congress collection, and
maps are used only where they cease to be diagrammatic and show scenes and
people in cartouches and inset views. Colonial and Continental currency is
also omitted here but is cataloged and reproduced in other publications. It will
have a place of interest in any broad survey of emblems of loyalty and liberty,
still another of the books which might find its beginning in these pages.
In tiny woodcuts in newspapers, almanacs, and broadsides, on powder
horns, in architectural carvings, in flags and coins and medals as well as single-
sheet prints, the cartouches of maps, and paper currency, can be found the
emblems of the Revolution. A small currency engraving by Paul Revere
(Thirty-Six Shillings, December 7, 1775) shows a Continental soldier who holds
a sword in one hand and Magna Carta in the other. Above his tricornered hat
arch the words "Issued in defence of American Liberty." In Latin, curving
from his right hand downward and under his feet, is the Massachusetts motto,
which means "By the sword we seek peace, but peace only under liberty."
There are surprisingly many such emblems to cheer the patriot after 200 years.
Mr. Cresswell's painstaking compilation is multiplied in value by the
decision of the Library of Congress to illustrate it on a generous scale. Both
the compiler and the publisher deserve congratulations for creating a pictorial
sourcebook of the American Revolution. At best, only a few other volumes can
qualify for the same usefulness in opening before us, in pictures, a decisive
chapter of our past.
Sinclair H. Hitchings
Keeper of Prints
Boston Public Library


Pictures of the Revolutionary period between 1765 and 1790 represent
the immediate record of a major event in world history. Mostly European
products from England, France, and Germany, they reflect propagandistic tones
and hasty inaccuracies, but they also give a feeling of vital immediacy and
show how men saw the Revolution while it was happening. We find few prints
made in America during those years because type, steel, lead, paper, presses,
and skilled manpower became scarce during the war, and only the most heroic
printers continued their productions on a smaller scale.
A veritable flood of pictures concerning America had appeared in Europe
during the French and Indian War. The Western World became aware that
England had acquired a continent, and the glories of her military conquests in
the Americas were celebrated by depicting portraits, cartoons, views, and
historical events. When the Stamp Act was decreed in 1765, England's troubles
were portrayed in prints that reflected the changing moods as well as the
fortunes of a coming war between colonies and mother country. The number and
urgency of the prints increased during the war until the defeat of Cornwallis at
Yorktown in 1781, when the fighting died and Americans turned to farming and
commerce. After 1781 the sources and subjects of the pictures changed.
Britain ignored her former colonies due to contempt and a lively series of
events elsewhere, and France was disappointed in the new nation for signing
a separate treaty. After the Peace of Paris in 1783, attempts at political
reform led to the adoption of the United States Constitution in 1789. At the
same time the countries of Europe were swept into the French revolutionary
whirlwind. With the founding of the new nation this checklist stops because
new styles and ideas influenced drawings and prints of America. American
engravers celebrated the American system and leaders with romantic portrayals
which borrowed heavily from the Roman ideals found in French propagandistic
art after 1789. These over-romanticized versions, which began with the stipple
and steel engravings of the Federalist period and reached a climax in the
extremely patriotic lithographs of the middle and late 19th century, have not


been included here.
This checklist results from approximately two years of searching through
bibliographies, cases, stacks, and the memories of librarians to uncover
contemporary pictures of the American Revolution. An attempt was made to
list all original pictures of this period which are in the collections of the
Library of Congress. No photostats or restrikes after 1790 have been included,
and each item has been inspected in the process of documentation. The list
can never be complete because pictures in this category are found everywhere
in the Library, and the insurmountable problems of documentation and control
in the vast holdings of the Prints and Photographs Division, the Rare Book
Division, the Manuscript Division, the Geography and Map Division, the Law
Library, the Serial Division, and the general collections render omissions
inevitable. The search for fugitive items might continue indefinitely, but time
dictates that this book go to press so scholars can use it in connection with
the Bicentennial celebration. The book, however, includes almost all the
Library's pictorial holdings which are representative of America during the
25-year period.
The pictures are presented in five major divisions: portraits, events, views,
cartoons and allegories, and weapons and implements. Each entry lists one
picture plus any other "impressions"—pictures from the same plate—and
"copies"—the same picture but reengraved. Only impressions and copies
made between 1765 and 1790 are included. For each entry six basic pieces of
information are supplied: title, artist's name, date, process, size, and
annotation.
Title. All pertinent written explanation on each picture is exactly transcribed
to give a basis for comparison between various prints of the same person or
place. The wording is important because a print of "Genl. Washington," even
with the same image, differs from one of "Gen. Washington," and a view of
"Boston Harbor" differs from one of the "Harbour of Boston." If the entire
title is of cumbersome length, part of it will be paraphrased in the annotation.
Capitalization in the original title is followed, but no attempt is made to repro-
duce the various type faces used. Many of the more elaborate prints contain
as many as eight different typefaces. Such markings as "PI. 3" or "Vol. IX,"
which mean almost nothing when one is examining an isolated print, are noted


because these prints were once parts of books, portfolios, or series, and the
number can be used for identification of a particular print.
Artist and Engraver. Prints usually include the artist's name on the lower
left and the engraver's name on the lower right. This information is transcribed
verbatim after the title. When either or both of these are missing on the original,
they have been identified, if possible, through reference to sources of information
about each picture such as other impressions and copies, books and periodicals
where the pictures appeared, artists' records of their works, and other
catalogs of drawings and prints. When names or dates are supplied, they appear
in brackets with all uncertainties noted.
Process. In describing the mode of production for each picture the terminology
from Louis A. Holman's The Graphic Processes (Boston, 1929) is used. The
seven kinds of processes found in this checklist are: etching, aquatint, mixed
method, stipple, line engraving, mezzotint, and woodcut. All aquatints listed
are in shades of gray. All colored prints were hand colored after printing, and
no attempt has been made to determine how or when they were colored. In
many cases, labeling reflects a decision concerning which process predominates
in the individual print. For instance, the mezzotint process usually dominates
the etched lines which sharpen it, so prints of this kind are labeled "mezzotint."
A print which has the freedom of execution derived from using a needle through
a ground is designated "etching." Problems arise when, for example, the main
lines are etched, the shading comes from stipple, and the border is of the heavy
and straight quality of line engraving; then the picture has no predominant
process, and it is designated "mixed method." Most of the prints so designated
here are a combination of etching and stipple, line engraving and stipple, or all
three techniques. Ultimately, many of these differences can be subjective, and
it is not uncommon for print scholars to disagree about the process by which a
single item was created.
Size. The dimensions of each drawing and print are given in inches, height
first and width second. The measurements extend from the corners of the
platemark unless there is none, as in the case of drawings, woodcuts, and
trimmed impressions or when the platemark on a book illustration is sewn


into the binding. .Prints in these categories are measured from the extremes
of the image, and the word "image" appears in parentheses after the
measurements.
Annotation. Additional pertinent information is given below the main entry.
Essentially the annotation describes who or what appears where. If another
checklist or reference book has already described a picture, then the annotation
will be briefer, referring the reader to that source. Appendix B, "Secondary
Sources Cited in the Text," gives the full bibliographic information on these
books. The annotation sometimes explains other writing or marks on a print.
It gives the full name or probable identity of some of the engravers or artists
and, where pertinent, indicates what other pictures are companions or
predecessors to the item examined. In addition, the annotation helps the
researcher in the often considerable task of finding the picture within the
Library of Congress. Unless otherwise stated, the pictures are in the Prints and
Photographs Division. If the source is listed as part of a book, atlas, or special
collection, then the picture may be found in the Rare Book Division, Geography
and Map Division, Manuscript Division, Serial Division, or the general
collections. Full bibliographical citations and locations of book illustrations are
given in Appendix A, "List of Books and Atlases Containing Prints and
Drawings." Items for which the Library of Congress has a negative include
the number, beginning with LC-USZ, at the end of the annotation. Repro-
ductions of these pictures can be ordered from the Library. Some negatives are
in the Geography and Map Division in a separate file; they are noted as in
G&M.
Each of the five major divisions of this work has a different organizing
principle.
Portraits. These are arranged alphabetically by name, and each individual's
portraits are listed chronologically by date of imprint. All portraits of Americans
which were produced during the Revolution are included because they reflect a
personal image of the new nation. However, all the portraits of Europeans who
had dealings with America could not be included because the number would be
too large and often the connection would be tenuous. Those pictures of
Europeans which contain specific pictured or written reference to the
xii


American War and those portraits in books in which the text connects the
portrait to the Revolution are included. This policy causes some arbitrary
inclusions and unfortunate exclusions, as in a London Magazine series of pictures
of British leaders, published from 1781 to 1782. The list records portraits of
Camden, Thurlow, Macartney, and Hillsborough but excludes Temple and
Dundas because their biographies do not mention their connections with
America. Selections were also based on degrees of involvement with America.
The question of whom to include from the quasi-fictitious "tete-a-tetes" in the
Town and Country Magazine was determined by how much the story tells about
the activity of the person in America. The stories of the American matron
(Town and Country, August 1786) and the seduced soldier (Town and Country,
March 1787) involve people who merely touched the shores of America during
their lives; they are excluded. Other "tete-a-tetes" render stories of prominent
political and military leaders whose private and sometimes secret lives influenced
their public actions; they are included.
When examining portraits we must realize that essentially they are
honors to a man who is seen as a hero—thus the resemblance of some to
Greek and Roman bas-reliefs. These portraits celebrate the immediate heroes
of the war, and the reader might be disconcerted to discover no pictures of
Thomas Paine, Thomas Jefferson, or Benjamin Rush. On second thought, these
absences should not surprise us. Paine, at the time of Common Sense, was
infamous in England and popular with the Americans, but he was publishing
anonymously. No frontispiece portraits of Paine appeared in any of the early
editions of Common Sense examined. Paine did not become an identified celebrity
until 1791, when he answered Burke's Reflections on the Revolution in France
with The Rights of Man—then frontispieces and cartoons both celebrated him
and vilified him as an advocate of the American and French Revolutions.
To use a post-1790 picture of Paine to show an American Revolutionary hero
would distort his image, because these later pictures show a dangerous,
atheistic Jacobin and not an idealistic Son of Liberty. Neither Jefferson nor
Rush had a public stature equal to Franklin's or Washington's during the war.
Such interesting stipple portraits as Tiebout's Jefferson or Lemet's Benjamin
Rush might have been included, but according to StaufTer, Tiebout did not
learn stipple until 1794, and Lemet consciously copied St. Memin, who began
engraving in 1793. On the other hand, prints such as Leny's Schuyler and


Doolittle's Ezra Stiles are included because these engravers began working
within the period.
Events. The arrangement—by date of the event pictured—separates the works
of many of the engravers but provides an internal chronology for the historian.
When an event is fictional, it is placed in sequence according to the time it
was supposed to have happened; if this approach is impossible, it is placed in
the year the picture was printed. Pictures of events are often difficult to
distinguish from views of landscapes. If the picture of a battlefield has no
activity portrayed, it is listed under views. Conversely, if a picture shows action
but is entitled "View of . . .," then it is listed under events.
Views. The order follows a geographical sequence which begins in Canada
with the upper part of the Saint Lawrence River and the Great Lakes, moves
east to the Atlantic Ocean, and then proceeds south. The sequence of views
goes up harbors and rivers and overland so that sometimes the direction will
shift considerably, but essentially it is north to south.
The basic purposes of these views were strategic, journalistic, and esthetic.
Those found in The Atlantic Neptune, prepared by Des Barres and Company
for the British Admiralty, were used by the British forces in America. They are
accurate pictures of coasts and harbors. The views by Habermann, Leizalt,
Vernet, and others, however, are artists' ideas of the appearance of places
where great events were happening. The engravings by Canot and Nicole for
Pownall and Montresor took data from strategic surveys and rendered
beautiful pictures of the land and life in America. Although some pictures
lend themselves more to one appeal than another, we must recognize that a
large public was interested in an important war overseas, while a complacent
and wealthy class loved to view sublime landscapes of many lands. These
prints satiated both cravings.
Cartoons and Allegories. Another public diversion was the political cartoon
and the somewhat more serious didactic allegory. These two forms are combined
in one section because distinguishing between them is a matter of definition
in theory but impossible in practice. Many of the "characters" or "caricatures,"
as they were interchangeably termed in those days, combined the elements of
xiv


cartooning and allegory in one print. Often a cartoon satirized an allegory. The
figures found in the most devastating cartoons were also seen as serious and
ideal figures on the cartouche of a map or the frontispiece of a book.
Many of the allegorical figures such as Mercury or Fame are not unique
or new to the American Revolution, but they conveyed a new message in a
traditional form. Mapmakers' cartouches were the most conservative form
of pictorial reporting; during the war we still find Indians and trees
resembling those in the works of John White and Jacques LeMoyne portrayed
on maps of New England, and America continued to be personified as the
youngest daughter among the continents. Many of the cartouches listed were
reprinted throughout the 18th century along with the maps. This trend shows
that earlier European images of America survived strongly in those days; thus
the scenes were not yet entirely out of character with the places mapped.
The cartoonists, on the other hand, used familiar emblems for their own
propagandistic purposes. As the war progressed, America's image as a beautiful,
mistaken daughter or a lovely, nude Indian woman was gradually replaced by
one as a haggish Medusa figure stabbing Britannia in the back, or a rattlesnake.
After the defeat of Cornwallis the cartoonists turned their attention to
continental and internal political enemies with a vengeance while almost
ignoring America. At the same time, commerce resumed in America, and we
find an increase in printing accompanied by a spate of allegories showing
America dressed as the goddess Liberty holding a staff with a liberty cap atop
and enjoying the bounty of peace.
Weapons and Implements. This book could have shown many pictures from
European publications which illustrated weapons and implements used in the
American war. Instead, only those weapons pictured in American books or in
pictures which directly linked these implements to this one theater are shown.
A word should be added about categories of prints which have been
excluded. One might argue that scientific and medical prints show part of a
technological revolution that was happening in America. Admittedly, some of
the best available workmanship contributed toward keeping Americans abreast
of scientific knowledge during the war, but to include technological drawings
of air pumps, flowers, beehives, and wheel ratios would portray part of a
Newtonian revolution that had occurred in the larger Western World and not a
xv


phenomenon particular to America. Full pictures are preferred to diagrams.
Thus, although John Norman engraved an interesting series of 27 plates for
his edition of Muller's Treatise of Artillery, this list presents only the eight of
these which show complete pictures of cannons, wagons, and other ordnance,
rather than diagrams of parts. Among other forms of excluded technical pictures
are diagrams of lines of march and doodles on maps and manuscripts. Another
form of picture excluded consists of the many propagandistic illustrations of
the French and Indian War in America, such as West's portrayals of Wolfe's
death at Quebec and Bouquet's war on the Indians. These were often reprinted
during the American Revolution and served to remind people that the British
had fought for and won the continent which it was struggling to retain. But
these pictures essentially show another war and have only an oblique interest
for students of the Revolution.
This checklist contains 921 items. The reader may ask how well the
collection at the Library of Congress represents the total contemporary pictorial
output of the American Revolution. The answer is not simple, because
it requires a comparison with such great depositories as the New York Public
Library, the American Antiquarian Society, the British Museum, the
Bibliotheque nationale, the Maritime Museum at Greenwich, the Mariner's
Museum, the Clements Library, and the British Army Museum at Chelsea.
Although the Library of Congress has a very large collection which adds
considerably to knowledge of this field, it does lack some types of prints. For
instance, the percentage of the known prints done by Americans and printed
in America in the Library is not large when compared with those in the
American Antiquarian Society, which has specialized in this native art. The
Library has fewer foreign prints in French and German than the Bibliotheque
nationale. The prints which show the French love of caricature through figures
such as animals or allegorical personifications are sparsely represented by this
collection. Also, most of the material in the Library of Congress shows the
continental borders of the present-day United States of America. The British
Museum and the National Maritime Museum contain a vast collection of prints
on British heroes and battles in the West Indies, the Mediterranean Sea, the
East Indies, and other places that Americans tend to ignore as a part of the
Revolution. These shortcomings should not be viewed as errors because no one


depository can have everything. Rather, we must realize that nationalistic
attitudes have shaped all libraries and museums.
In order to interpret history properly through pictures, large collections
such as the one at the Library of Congress must be presented to the professional
and amateur historian. Retrieval of these media has been complicated by
cataloging systems based on the printed book, but now the Library of Congress
shows a small part of its pictorial collection with a surprisingly large number
of contemporary drawings and prints of a great event in American history.
Acknowledgments. Many devoted people at the Library of Congress assisted
with this book. The staffs of the Prints and Photographs, Rare Book,
Manuscript, and Geography and Map Divisions provided valuable guidance
on what to examine in their collections. Research on annotations and editorial
assistance were provided by the American Revolution Bicentennial Office and
the Publications Office.
Much light was cast on the collection at the Library of Congress through
examination of prints and reference materials at other depositories. I wish
to thank Paul Hulton, Edward Croft-Murray, Helen Wallis, and Sarah Tyacke
of the British Museum; Jean Adhemar, Michel Melot, and Nicole Villa at the
Cabinet d'Estampes in the Bibliotheque nationale; Peter Ince, Allen Stimson,
and Judy Claget at the Maritime Museum, Greenwich; Boris Mollo of the
British Army Museum at Chelsea; John Lochhead and Albert Barnes at the
Mariner's Museum; and Elizabeth Roth and Roberta Wong at the New York
Public Library. Each of these people and their institutions have added much to
this inquiry.
Donald H. Cresswell
Belmont Abbey College


Locations:
List of Abbreviations
LC Library of Congress
P&P Prints and Photographs Division
G&M Geography and Map Division
RBC Rare Book Collection
Orders for
Reproductions
Primary and Secondary Sources; See Appendixes A and B under names of authors except for the
following works published by institutions:
CPPS see under British Museum
Collection de Vinck see under Paris. Bibliotheque nationale
In the absence of copyright or other restrictions, photocopies may be obtained of illustrations
belonging to the Library of Congress. Orders should be addressed to the Library of Congress,
Photoduplication Service, Washington, D.C. 20540. A request should give the title or a brief
description of the picture, the item number in this book, the location of the original (e.g., in G&M),
and the photographic negative number as given in the annotation (e.g., LC-USZ62-19288). None
of the color pictures can be reproduced inexpensively in color, but in many cases a black-and-
white reproduction can be ordered. All orders must be prepaid; prices are available from the
Photoduplication Service.
LeGear
Phillips
Phillips, Maps


Foreword
Preface
List of Abbreviations
Orders for Reproductions
CHAPTER I
PORTRAITS
Portraits of Types
CHAPTER II
EVENTS
CHAPTER III
VIEWS
Saint Lawrence River and Gulf
Maritime Provinces of Canada
New England
Middle Atlantic States
Southern States
The West Indies
» ft
tX CHAPTER IV
xviii CARTOONS AND ALLEGORIES 239
xviii
m Contents
CHAPTER V
WEAPONS, IMPLEMENTS, AND
3 FORTIFICATIONS 407
76
APPENDIX A
Books and Atlases Containing
Contemporary Prints and Drawings 414
79
APPENDIX B
Secondary Sources Cited in the Text 421
129 Index of Titles 423
I4° Selective Subject Index 435
173
Index of Artists 444
195
00_ Index of Publishers 447
236 Index of Persons 451





American Revolution in Drawings and Prints



4
2 3
i


Chapter I
Portraits
gj|John Adams, 1735-1826
1
His Excy. John Adams, Esq. J. Norman Sc.
[1784]
Mixed method 6 x 4 in.
A Massachusetts lawyer and delegate to the
Continental Congress, Adams became Com-
missioner to France in November of 1777.
During the war he helped to negotiate loans
and treaties between the United States and
her allies in Europe, and he joined Franklin
and Jay in arranging the separate treaty with
England in 1783. This frontispiece to The Boston
Magazine of 1784 appeared when Adams left
France to become the first American Ambas-
sador to England. Stauffer, 2327.
LC-USZ62-45280
^Samuel Adams, 1722-1803
2
SAMUEL ADAMS Esq. One of the Dele-
gates from the Province of Massachusetts-
Bay to the General Continental Congress
of North America. [1780]
Mixed method 6^4 x 4^ in.
In September 1778, Adams, the foremost
propagandist of the Revolution, served on a
committee of Congress appointed to draw up
a "Plan for Reducing the Province of Quebec."
Later that year Congress approved a scheme
submitted by this committee, but it was un-
able to raise the necessary men and supplies.
This English portrait, published in An Im-
partial History of the War in America (London,
1780), p. 208, characterizes Adams as a prin-
cipal formulator of the scheme.
Another impression. From An Im-
partial History 0/ the War in America (London
& Carlisle, 1780), p. 208. LC-USZ62-45248
3
The Honble. Samuel Adams, Esqr. First
Delegate to Congress for Massachusetts. J.
Norman Sc. [1781]
Mixed method 6^4 x 4 in.
The American engraver John Norman ideal-
ized Adams by using Copley's portrait for
a model rather than the less flattering portrait
of a political agitator found in the English
edition of the same book. The scale hanging
from an olive branch symbolizes justice in
peace, and the rattlesnake gazing into a mirror
represents Adams' ability to mirror the nature
of America in his speeches and writings. The
portrait appeared in An Impartial History of
the War in America, v. 1 (Boston, 1781),
copy 2, p. 325. StaufTer, 2328.
Another impression in copy 1, v.
x> P- I93- LC-USZ62-45237
j^Jeffery Amherst, 1717-1797
4
Sir Jeffrey Amherst. Knight of the most
honorable Order of the Bath, Governor of
Virginia, Colonel of His Majesty's 15th. and
60th. Regiments of Foot, Lieutenant, and
Commander in Chief of His Majesty's Forces
in North America from 1758 to 1764. Sold by
Ryland and Bryer at the King's Arms in Corn-
hill. J. Reynolds pinxt. J. Watson fecit. [1766]
Mezzotint 18 x 13 in.
This portrait celebrated Amherst's partic-
ipation in the conquest of Canada during the
Seven Years' War and reminded Englishmen
that he, as well as the great hero Wolfe, had
risked much to secure the North American
continent. Although Amherst resigned his
position as absentee Governor of Virginia in
1768 under pressure, he became reconciled to
the King and, in his role as Commander in
Chief of all British forces, supported the war
against the Americans. Amherst, in armor,
looks toward a river dotted with boatloads of
troops. His helmet rests upon a map of Canada.
A seal with chained Indians appears under the
finished version of this engraving. Smith, 1488.
Another impression. The title and
seal, as well as the writing on the map, are
absent. The date 1766 appears next to Watson's
name. LC-USZ62-45182
3



_5
Mayjor General Amherst. [1774]
Line engraving 4^ x 3^ in.
From The Annual Register (Dublin, 1774),
p. 98. LC-USZ62-45203
6
Mrs. P t [and] The Cautious Com-
mander. Published as the Act directs by A.
Hamilton Junr. near St. John's Gate June
1, 1778.
Mixed method 4^ x 7 in.
In an accompanying article it is claimed that
Lord Amherst obtained the wife of an officer
who was on half pay in exchange for an appoint-
ment to a command with full pay outside
England. The article is not entirely uncom-
plimentary to Amherst, however, and notes
that:
at the breaking out of the present troubles in the Colonies,
he was applied to and requested to take the command of
the army there; he would willingly have accepted the
honour proposed him, if his terms had been complied with;
but he was too well acquainted with the country, and the
temper and disposition of the inhabitants, to be misled by
the erroneous opinions of those in power, who judged that
a handful of men would be sufficient to bring the refractory
colonists to reason: hence he has derived the title of the
Cautious Commander. Had our hero's proposals been
approved, most probably the unhappy war that now
rages in that quarter of the world, would long since have
been quelled, and all the fatal consequences that have
ensued been prevented.
The name "Cautious Commander" had ac-
tually been applied to Amherst before the
American Revolution because he had charac-
teristically acted with precision and care, in
contrast to his dashing and impetuous counter-
part James Wolfe. As the Revolution became an
increasingly unhappy affair for England, Am-
herst was among the Ministers who were
criticized on the ground that they lacked
military and diplomatic skills in dealing with
the Americans. This simplified copy of Rey-
nolds' popular portrait gives Amherst a
youthful look which lends credibility to the
personal and political satire of the tete-a-
tete, which appeared in The Town and Country
Magazine, May 1778, p. 233-236. CPPS 5503
LC-USZ62-45208
4


John Andre, 1751-1780
7
John Andre, Esqr., late Adjutant General of
the British Forces in America. [December
1780]
Mixed method 7 x 4^4 in.
Adjutant General to Sir Henry Clinton,
Andre was involved in Benedict Arnold's
plot to surrender West Point to the British.
Sent behind the American lines to confer with
Arnold, he was seized by American militiamen
on the return trip, out of uniform and with
condemning documents hidden in his boot.
A military board convicted him of spying,
and he was put to death by hanging. This
engraving is from The Hibernian Magazine,
December 1780, opposite p. 633.
LC-USZ6 2-45 201
8
Major John Andre, Late Adjutant General
to the British Army in North America. Dodd
delin. Cook sculp. [1784]
Etching 10 x 6% in.
Andre, whose military promise was shown by
his rapid promotion and whose character,
honor, and manners were praised by his con-
temporaries, impressed even his American
captors. Pictures such as this (see also items
314-316), together with publication of his
letters, diary, and sketches, led to a host of
adulatory and sentimental ephemera, and he
became a popular subject, especially among
the ladies, on both sides of the Atlantic. The
portrait is from Raymond, History of England
(London, 1784), p. 591 LC-USZ62-45211


5



^Benedict Arnold, 1741-1801
9
Colonel Arnold. Who Commanded the
Provincial Troops sent against Quebec, through
the Wilderness of Canada, and was Wounded
in Storming that City, under General Mont-
gomery. Published as the Act directs, 26
March 1776, by Thos. Hart. London.
Mezzotint 13^ x 9^ in.
This mezzotint is one of a series done in
London by R. Purcell, under the pseudonym
"C. Corbutt," in the early years of the Ameri-
can war. Arnold's aggressive attacks on Fort
Ticonderoga, Quebec, and St. Johns had earned
him a reputation as a leading figure in the war
at this time. Although the title would indicate
that Arnold is portrayed immediately before
his attack on Quebec, December 31, 1775, his
appearance is in sharp contrast to the harsh
realities. The American troops had marched
on a long overland route through forests and
over mountains in order to surprise the Brit-
ish, and Arnold and his men were ragged and
emaciated by the time they reached Quebec.
CPPS 5331A LC-USZ62-39570
Another copy. A series of these
mezzotints was done soon afterwards by "Ioh
Martin Will" in Augsburg. Other engravings
after the mezzotints are items 10 and 13.
IO
Der Americanische Gener: Arnold. [1778]
Etching x 4 in.
From Korn, Geschichte der Kriege (Nurn-
berg, i777-78)> c°PY 2, p. 92.
LC-USZ62-45265
11
LE GENERAL ARNOLD un des Chefs de
1 Armee Anglo-Americaine. A Paris chez
Esnauts et Rapilly, rue St. Jacques, a la Ville
6


ae <^outances. A.P.D.R. [177-?]
Mixed method y^i x 5 in.
This portrait was produced around 1778,
at about the time of the French alliance with
America. The house of Dupin produced a series
of prints of American heroes, all of which fea-
ture an ornate border with ordnance, flags,
olive branches, a laurel wreath, and a liberty
cap. A comparison of this engraving with an
English copy of the same portrait (item 14)
will show the differences between French and
English framing. LC-USZ62-45187

I 2
General Arnold. Printed for T. Robson,
Newcastle, upon Tyne. [1778]
Mixed method 6^ x 4^4 in.
From Murray, An Impartial History of the
Present War in America, v. 2 (London, 1778),
opposite p. 49.
Another impression. From Murray,
An Impartial History of the War in America,
v. 1 (Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1782), opposite
p. 544. LC-USZ62-45216
Another impression. From The
Fall of Lucifer (Hartford, 1781), frontispiece
probably pasted in at a later date.

13
Major General Arnold Wounded Dec 31-1775
at the attack of Quebec. [1780]
Mixed method 7 x 4^4 in.
From An Impartial History of the War in
America (London, 1780), p. 248.
Another impression. From An Im-
partial History of the War in America (London
& Carlisle, 1780), p. 249. LC-USZ62-45251

Brigadier Genl. Arnold. [July 1781]
Etching 7 x 4^ in.
Benedict Arnold's exploits in Canada and
at Ridgefield, Conn., and Saratoga, N. Y.,
brought him widespread fame as a patriot
until 1780, when he gained even greater notori-
ety as a traitor. The title of this portrait in-
cludes the rank which Arnold demanded when
he joined the British Army. A short accom-
panying biography dispassionately reports his
collaboration with "the unfortunate Major
Andre" and his subsequent flight to join Sir
Henry Clinton in New York. From The
Universal Magazine, July 1781, opposite p. 21.
LC-USZ62-45217
7


§§Charles Asgill, 1762 or 1763-1823
15
Captain Asgill. Published April 1st. 1786. by
J. Fielding Paternoster Row.
Mixed method 7 x 4^ in.
Asgill was taken prisoner by the American
forces at Yorktown. When a British officer
executed an American captain in retaliation
for the death of a loyalist, and General Clinton
declined to surrender the commanding officer
responsible, Washington ordered that a Brit-
ish captain from among his prisoners be put
to death in retaliation. The lot fell to Asgill.
Clinton's intervention convinced Washington
that a Tory court in New York held the blame
and not the British Army. In the meantime,
Asgill's mother appealed to the French Prime
Minister, the Comte de Vergennes, who peti-
tioned Louis XVI for the youth's release. The
French King's appeal went through Washing-
ton to the American Congress, which then
freed Asgill. The portrait is from Andrews,
History of the War with America, France, Spain,
and Holland, v. 4 (London, 1785), p. 416.
LC-USZ62-45219
§|Isaac Barre, 1726-1802
16
Colonel Barre. May 1780.
Mixed method x 4^2 in.
When James Wolfe fell at Quebec in 1759,
Barre was at his side and received a wound
which permanently disfigured his cheek. The
scar (not visible in this portrait) later contrib-
uted to his effect as a vituperative opposi-
tion orator in Parliament, for he "paralyzed
Charles Townshend and dismayed Wedder-
burn" (DNB) while offering spirited resistance
to North's Ministry. He especially opposed the
taxation of America as being inexpedient. A
short biography that accompanies the portrait
notes Barre's opposition to the war in America
as well as his somewhat paradoxical support
of the Boston Port Bill. The article also traces
Barre's ancestry and his military career dur-
ing the Seven Years' War. From The London
Magazine, May 1780, p. 195-196.
LC-USZ62-45312
§|John Burgoyne, 1722-1792
17
general Burgoyne. Pollard sc. Printed for
T. Robson, Newcastle, upon Tyne. [1778]
Mixed method *]% x 4^6 in.
"Gentleman John Burgoyne" is best known
for his military activities but was also a poli-
tician, playwright, actor, and gambler. From
a vessel off the Charlestown peninsula he
observed some of the early engagements in
Boston during 1775, and he later fought at
the Battle of Lake Champlain. Execution of
his plan for a three-column attack to divide
and conquer the Colonies culminated in the
defeat of his army at Saratoga. The portrait is
from Murray, An Impartial History of the
Present War in America, v. 2 (London, 1778),
opposite p. 481. LC-USZ62-45354
18
The fair Virginian, [and] The devoted Gen-
eral. Published by A. Hamilton Junr. near St.
John's Gate March 1, 1779.
Mixed method 4^4 x 6^4 in.
An accompanying article describes the love
affair between General Burgoyne and the wife
of a martyred Tory from Virginia. Rescued
from the Continentals when Burgoyne cap-
tured Fort Ticonderoga, she stayed with him
during the campaign which terminated at
Saratoga and continued to support him when
he subsequently faced charges in England.
Burgoyne's defeat at Saratoga is portrayed
as unavoidable bad luck and his mistress as a






///■' /'///•
t devoted^7//'^/'
7
18
virtuous comfort in trying times. From The
Town and Country Magazine, January 1779,
p. 65-68. CPPS 5586 LC-USZ62-45318
ggEdmund Burke, 1729-1797
19
Edmund Burke Esqr [1778]
Mixed method 3 % x 2^4 in. (image)
A consistent believer in adherence to the
English Constitution, Burke also advocated
that the rights of Englishmen be extended to
the people of America and of Ireland. He
opposed coercive measures against the Ameri-
cans, and his efforts, together with those of
Charles James Fox, finally brought down the
Ministry of Lord North and helped terminate
the American war in 1781. This engraving,
after a painting by Joshua Reynolds, was
pasted onto a leaf and inserted into Russell's
History of America (London, 1778), copy 1,
opposite p. 511. LC-USZ62-45224
20
Edmund Burke Esqr. [1778]
Mixed method 7 x 4^2 in.
From Russell, History of America (London,
1778), copy 2, opposite p. 511.
LC-USZ6 2-4 5 260
ggjohn Byron, 1723-1786
21
Admiral Byron. Printed for T. Robson, New-
castle, upon Tyne. [1778]
Mixed method 7 x 4^2 in.
Byron, appointed admiral of the North
American squadron in 1778, was given the
task of intercepting the French fleet under
Comte d'Estaing. He spent considerable time
refitting his ships and training his crews in
Nova Scotia and New England and in 1779
fought two inconclusive battles with the French
in the West Indies. Owing to poor health, he

retired from active duty in October 1779.
The portrait is from Murray, An Impartial
History of the Present War in America, v. 2
(London, 1778), opposite p. 385.
Another impression. From Murray,
An Impartial History of the Present War in
America, v. 2 (Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1780),
opposite p. 385. LC-USZ62-45226
9


ggCharles Pratt
ist Earl Camden, 1714-1794

22
Lord Camden. London Mage. Deer. 1781.
Mixed method 7 x 4% in.
As Chief Justice of the Court of Common
Pleas and a defender of constitutional rights,
Camden became a popular figure comparable
to Wilkes in the eyes of the English populace.
Elected to Parliament in 1765, he was con-
cerned about discontent in the American
Colonies and denounced the Stamp Act for
violating the English Constitution, maintain-
ing that taxation without representation was
tantamount to robbery. In 1775 he supported
Chatham's attempt to avert the outbreak of
war with America.
Camden wears a wig and a robe trimmed
with ermine. A short biographical sketch
accompanies the picture, describing him as a
statesman who considered precedent before
action and therefore opposed measures against
the Colonies in America. From The London
Magazine, December 1781, opposite p. 555.
LC-USZ62-45317
^Guy Carleton
ist Lord Dorchester, 1724-1808
General Carleton. R. Pollard set. Printed
for T. Robson, Newcastle, upon Tyne [1778]
Mixed method 7 x 4^ in.
Carleton was appointed Governor of Quebec
in 1758 and, when Gage was recalled in 1775,
became commander of the army in Canada.
In the winter of 1775-76 his troops held
Canada against the invading American armies
under Montgomery and Arnold. Reinforced
in the spring, he and General Burgoyne pushed
the Americans back to Crown Point. Carleton
subsequently retired to England but returned



to New York in the spring of 1782. He suc-
ceeded Sir Henry Clinton as Commander in
Chief of British forces in America, assisted in
making the peace, and evacuated New York
in November of 1783. The portrait is from
Murray, An Impartial History of the Present
War in America, v. 2 (London, 1778), opposite
P- 337-
Another impression. From Murray,
An Impartial History of the War in America,
v. 1 (Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1782), opposite
p. 420. LC-USZ62-45227
Another impression. In P&P.
24
General Sir Guy Carleton. London. Pub-
lished by J. Bew Paternoster-Row 30 June
1782.
Mixed method 7 x 4^ in.
Bust portrait facing partially left in oval.
The engraved frame has ribbons on the top
and foliage with crossed branches on the bot-
tom. From The Political Magazine, June 1782,
p. 350. Reverse copy similar to item 26.
25
Mrs. W n. [and] The careful Commander.
London, Published by A. Hamilton Junr. Fleet
Street, Sepr; 1; 1783.
Mixed method 4^2 x 7 in.
The story accompanying this tete-a-tete de-
scribes Sir Guy Carleton as a careful and
judicious commander of British troops in the
Revolution. It explains that Mrs. W n's
husband died soon after they arrived in New
York and that she subsequently accepted the
general's proposal of marriage. In reality,
Carleton was married in May 1772 to Lady
Maria, daughter of the second Earl of Effing-
ham, who was to survive as his widow. Known
as a severe disciplinarian but also as a man
of humane and conciliatory nature, Carleton
perhaps did not deserve the reputation which
the article attempts to create for him. From
The Town and Country Magazine, August
1783, p. 401-403. CPPS 6302
LC-USZ62-45494
26
Sir Guy Carleton. Publish'd Octr. 31. 1783.
by J. Walker.
Mixed method x 4 in.
An accompanying biography stresses Carle-
ton's long, active, and exemplary military
career in Germany, the West Indies, and
Canada, apologizes for his inactivity during
the American war, and suggests that he might
have won victories if the war had continued
in America. From The Westminster Magazine,
October 1783, p. 507.
Another impression. In P&P.
LC-USZ62-7845
^Frederick Howard
5th Earl of Carlisle, 1748-1825
27
The Right Honble. Fredk. Earl of Carlisle,
Lord Lieutt. of the Kingdom of Ireland. Dec.
1780
Mixed method 7^ x 4^ in.
The short biographical sketch which ac-
companies this picture describes the young
Carlisle's support of the administration on the
coercion of the American Colonies and his
duties with William Eden, 1st Baron Auckland
(1744-1814), as an emissary to America in
1778. From The London Magazine, December
1780, p. 537-541. LC-USZ62-45277
Another copy (reversed). From
The Hibernian Magazine, January 1781, p. I.
11




29
^Sir Henry Clinton, i738?-i795
28
General Clinton. Printed for T. Robson,
Newcastle, upon Tyne. [1778]
Mixed method 7 x 4^4 in.
Clinton succeeded General Howe as chief of
British forces in May of 1778. He assumed a
defensive strategy by evacuating Philadelphia
and concentrating at New York. Attempting
a southern campaign he took Charleston, S.C.,
in May 1780 but returned to New York, leaving
Cornwallis in the south where the young gen-
eral suffered the definitive defeat at Yorktown.
From Murray, An Impartial History of the
Present War in America, v. 1 (London, 1778),
opposite p. 527.
Another impression. From Murray,
An Impartial History of the War in America,
v. 2 (Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1782), opposite
p. 186. LC-USZ62-45304
29
Sir Henry Clinton. Published 1st. Novr.
1778 by Fielding & Walker, Pater Noster Row.
Mixed method x in.
This portrait, decorated with British flags
and other ordnance, is reversed in item 31.
From Russell, History of America (London,
1778), opposite p. 574. LC-USZ62-45262
30
SIR HENRY CLINTON, K. B. Commandant
en Chef les Troupes de Sa Majeste Britannique
dans l'Amerique. Smart pinx. Dupin Sculp.
A Paris chez Esnauts et Rapilly, rue St.
Jacques. A.P.D.R. [177-?]
Mixed method 7>^ x 5^6 in.
A French portrait. LC-USZ62-45188
31
Sr. Henry Clinton. Cook sculp. Published

May 21st. 1786. by J. Fielding Paternoster
Row London.
Mixed method 7 x 4^ in.
From Andrews, History of the War with
America, France, Spain, and Holland, v. 3
(London, 1785), opposite p. 150.
LC-USZ6 2-45341
ggSamuel Cooper, 1725-1783
32
Revd. Samuel Cooper D.D. J. Norman Sc.
Mixed method 3^ x 3^ in. (image)
A native of Boston, Cooper graduated from
12


Harvard College in 1743 and became a pastor
at the Brattle Square Church. As an active
supporter of American independence, he was
forced to flee Boston in April of 1775 to avoid
being arrested by the British authorities. This
portrait was accompanied by an obituary
which praised Cooper as a divine, a political
theorist, and a scientist. Several portraits of
Cooper were printed by Copley, and a de-
scription of one of these in the DAB is equally
applicable to Norman's engraving: "His por-
trait represents the typical clergyman of the
period, in wig, gown, and bands. But the face
indicates less austerity of character than is
commonly associated with the eighteenth-
century New England divines. . . ." The en-
graving is from The Boston Magazine, March
1784, opposite p. 191. LC-USZ62-45281
^Charles Wolfran Cornwall
1735-1789
33
The Right Honble. Chas. Wolfran Corn-
wall Esq. Speaker of the House of Commons.
Nov. 1780.
Mixed method J}4 x 4^ in.
Cornwall's marriage in 1765 to his cousin
Elizabeth, sister of Secretary-at-War Charles
Jenkinson, determined his political career by
allowing him to rise in office through family
influence. In Parliament Cornwall opposed
the North Ministry on various domestic issues
but not on the treatment of the American
Colonies. The short biography which ac-
companies the portrait describes Cornwall's
rise in Parliament and mentions his approval
of the "coercive measures against America."
In 1780 Cornwall became Speaker of the House
of Commons, with Lord North's approval.
From The London Magazine, November 1780,
p. 491-492. LC-USZ6 2-45 276


2d Earl Cornwallis, 1738-1805
34
Lord Cornwallis, Publish'd March 31st.
1786. by J. Fielding Paternoster Row London.
Mixed method x 4^ in.
Cornwallis, who was second in command to
General Clinton from 1778 until his capture at
Yorktown, drew considerable attention in the
English press because of his postwar debate
with Clinton over responsibility for the Brit-
ish defeat. The portrait is from Andrews,
History of the War with America, France,
Spain, and Holland, v. 2 (London, 1785),
opposite p. 249. LC-USZ62-45340
13


[Sir Roger Curtis, 1746—1816

35
Sir Roger Curtis. Drawn from the life by
Miller & Engraved by Birrell. Published June
30, 1785 by J. Fielding, Pater-noster Row.
Mixed method G^/i x 4^ in.
When Captain Shuldham was appointed
Commander in Chief of the North American
station in 1775, Curtis became lieutenant of
his flagship. In 1776, Curtis was promoted to
commander of the Senegal, and soon thereafter
he became commander of Lord Howe's flag-
ship, the Eagle. He returned to England in
1778 with Howe. The portrait is from Andrews,
History of the War with America, France,
Spain, and Holland, v. 4 (London, 1785), oppo-
site p. 301. LC-USZ62-45347
^William Legge
2d Earl of Dartmouth, 1731-1801
The R. Honble EARL of DARTMOUTH.
Oct. 1780.
Mixed method 7>^ x 4^4 in.
Dartmouth's hesitancy in making decisions
is reflected in the biography accompanying
this portrait, which states that he was not
fit for the posts of President of the Board of
Trade and Secretary for the Colonies because
"his lordship's natural disposition was too
timid, too cautious, and too humaine, for the
active exertions of an offensive war against an
unfortunate, deluded part of his fellow sub-
jects." From The London Magazine, October
1780, p. 443-445- LC-USZ62-45313
37
S. Deane. Drawn from the life by Du Simitier

^Silas Deane, 1737-1789
14


in Philadelphia. Engraved by B. L. Prevost
at Paris. [178?]
Line engraving 7 x 5 in.
A Connecticut lawyer and a graduate of Yale
College, Deane was one of three Connecticut
delegates to the first Continental Congress
in 1774 and the second Congress in 1775. All
the portraits of Deane cited here (items 37-
40) are after the drawings Du Simitiere made
in Philadelphia in 1779 after Deane's diplo-
matic mission to France. This particular en-
graving is from Portraits des generaux . . .
(Paris, 1781), plate 9. Plates from this volume
are in P&P. LC-USZ62-26779
38
Silas Deane Esqr. Commissioner from Con-
gress in France. Pubd. May 15th 1783 by
R. Wilkinson, No. 58 Cornhill, London. B.B.E.
Mixed method 5^ x 4^4 in.
Bust profile facing right. In Du Simitiere,
Portraits of the Generals . . . (London, 1783)
plate 7. Similar to item 37.
39
Silas Dean, Esq.. Drawn from the Life by
Dusimetiere, at Philadelphia. Publish'd Augt.
1 1783, by J. Fielding, No. 23, Pater noster
Row. W: Angus Sculp.
Etching 7 x 4^2 in.
In 1781 Deane returned to Europe as a pri-
vate citizen in an attempt to recoup his
financial losses. His belief in the cause of Ameri-
can independence waned, and his personal cor-
respondence expressing a desire for an accom-
modation with Britain was published by
Rivington's loyalist New York Gazette. Dis-
credited, he lived the remainder of his life as
an exile in Europe. This portrait accompanies
a short biography which recounts * Deane's
life and explains his presence in England:
We are inclined to think, that at the beginning of the
unhappy contest between Great Britain and her American
Colonies, Mr. Deane did not look forward to that species
of independence which the Colonists have now established;
but only aimed, with many other gentlemen of solid under-
standing, at independence in the articles of internal legisla-
tion and taxation; reserving to the Mother-country the
right of exclusive commerce, in return for protection.
From The European Magazine, October 1783,
p. 243. LC-USZ62-9931
The Captivating Miss B . [and] The
American Negotiator. London, Publish'd by
A. Hamilton Junr. Fleet Street, Octr. 1; 1783.
Mixed method 4^ x 7 in.
A scandalmongering text accompanying this
tete-a-tete describes Deane as a well-educated
American whose knowledge of statesmen and
women in both America and Europe made him
a successful negotiator for his country. Miss
B was identified as a "nominal widow"
who was constantly being visited by Deane,
and it was noted that he "seemed more en-
amoured with her than he was with the en-
chanting Mademoiselle Ro lie at Paris."
From The Town and Country Magazine,
September 1783, p. 457-459. CPPS 6303
LC-USZ62-45495



§j|Louis de Berton des Balbes de Quiers
due de Crillon-Mahon, 1718-1796
41
DE CRILLON. Le Grand del. Birrell sc.
Published Augt. 20, 1785, by J. Fielding,
Pater-noster Row
Mixed method 7 x a^/i in.
An officer in the French Army, Crillon left
France in 1782 to offer his services to the
Spanish King. The portrait is from Andrews,
History of the War with America, France,
Spain, and Holland, v. 4 (London, 1785), p.
173. LC-USZ62-45221


^Francois Joseph Paul
Comte de Grasse, 1722-1788
42
Count De Grasse. Augt. 1782.
Mixed method 7^ x 4^2 in.
An admiral in the French Navy, de Grasse
fought in the West Indies under de Guichen
and d'Estaing and, during the Yorktown
campaign, played a decisive role by blocking
Chesapeake Bay from English vessels. He
was defeated and captured in the West Indies
in 1782. The "Anecdotes" which accompanied
this picture described his visit to England as
the prisoner of Admiral Peter Parker, who
"treated him with every mark of respect and
attention, which characterise the generous
sons of Briton." From The London Magazine,
August 1782, opposite p. 355.
LC-USZ62-45505
43
COUNT de GRASSE. Drawn from the life
by Mr. Miller, on the 8th. & 9th. of Augt. at
the Royal Hotel. Published Septr. 1, 1782, by
J. Fielding, Pater-noster Row, J. Sewell,
Cornhill, & J. Debrett, Piccadilly. Miller del.
W Angus sculpt.
Mixed method 6pi x 4 in.
A prisoner of distinction in England, de
Grasse eventually became the intermediary
between Shelburne and the French Government
in the preliminary peace negotiations. The por-
trait is from The European Magazine, August
1782, p. 83. LC-USZ62-45415
44
Count DeGrasse. Miller del. Birrell Sc.
Published Octr. 6 1785 by J. Fielding, Pater
Noster Row.
Mixed method 6}i x 4^ in.
Bust portrait facing front in oval on pedestal.
From Andrews, History of the War with
America, France, Spain, and Holland, v. 4
(London, 1785), opposite p. 202. Similar to
item 43.

45
The Patriotic American Farmer. J n
D k ns n, Esq; Barrister at Law. [1772]
Woodcut x 2% in. (image)
Dickinson's elbow rests on a copy of the
Magna Carta and he holds his "Farmer's
Letters" in his right hand. The following lines
appear below the picture:
Who with Attic Eloquence, and Roman Spirit, hath
asserted the Liberties of the British Colonies in America.
'Tis nobly done to Stem Taxations Rage,
And raise the Thoughts of a degenerate Age,
For Happiness and Joy, from Freedom spring;
But Life in Bondage is a worthless Thing.
Dickinson practiced law in Maryland, Dela-
ware, and Pennsylvania and, beginning in 1767,






anonymously published a series of "letters"
in the Pennsylvania Chronicle. Collected under
the title Letters From a Farmer in Pennsyl-
vania to the Inhabitants of the British Colonies
(1768), these essays brought him fame in
Europe as well as in America. Dickinson's
knowledge of political theory and practical
economics made him a leader in the early
American Congresses. This picture is from
Ames', Astronomical Diary; or Almanack (Bos-
ton, 1772). LC-USZ62-45528
Another copy. 3% x 2% in. (image).
Same title but imprint reads "Printed for and'
sold by Ezekial Russell, in Marlborough
Street."
46
J. Dickenson. Drawn from the life by Du
Simitier in Philadelphia. Engraved by B. L.
Prevost at Paris. [178?]
Line engraving with etched border 7 x 5 in.
Although Dickinson was reluctant to advo-
cate complete severance of relations with
England, his writings appeared as outstanding
defenses of the American cause and portraits
of him were widely circulated. Du Simitiere
recognized Dickinson as a leading intellect
among the Americans. This picture is from
Portraits des generaux . . . (Paris, 1781), plate
11. Plates from this volume are in P&P.
LC-USZ62-26777
47
J. Dickinson Esqr. Member of Congress &
Author of Letters of a Farmer of Pennsyl-
vania. Pubd. May 15th 1783 by R. Wilkinson
No. 58 Cornhill, London. B.B.E.
Mixed method 5J/2 x 4^4 in.
Another copy, with the same im-
print and engraver, appears in Du Simitiere's
Portraits of the Generals . . . (London, 1783)
but is designated "W. H. Drayton Esqr." (cf.
entry no. 49). Dickinson is the younger, thinner
man; he faces right, his hair is brushed back,
and he has buttons on his coat. Ellis' engraving
of Dickinson with the incorrect heading is
shown here. LC-USZ62-45478
^William Henry Drayton, 1742-1779
W. H. Drayton. Drawn from the life by Du
Simitier in Philadelphia. Engraved by B. L.
Prevost at Paris. [178?]
Line engraving with etched border 7 x 5 in.
Drayton was president of the South Carolina
Provincial Congress, chief justice of the State
during the war and a representative to the
Continental Congress from March 1778 until
his death in September 1779. From Portraits
des generaux . . . (Paris, 1781), plate 10. Plates
from this volume are in P&P.
LC-USZ62-26776
49
W. H. Drayton Esqr. Member of Congress.
Pubd. May 15th 1783 by R. Wilkinson, No.
58, Cornhill, London. B.B.E.
Mixed method 5^ x 4^ in.
Copy in P&P. LC-USZ61-282
Another copy, with the same im-
print and engraver, appears in Du Simitiere's
Portraits of the Generals . . . (London, 1783)
but is designated "J. Dickinson Esqr." (cf.
entry no. 47). Drayton is the older, heavier
man; he faces left and wears a wig with curls
on the side and a ribbon in back. Not all the
engravings by Ellis after Du Simitiere have
the titles and portraits reversed on these two
men.
17






50
5i
52
^Thomas Howard
3d Earl of Effingham, 1747-1791
5o
Mrs. C x. [and] The Steady Patriot.
London, Publish'd by A. Hamilton Junr.
Fleet Street, Octr. 1; 1782.
Mixed method 4^ x 7 in.
Lord Effingham entered the British Army in
1762 but resigned his commission because of
his opposition to the use of force against the
Colonies. An article accompanying this por-
trait explains the situation as follows:
When the fatal misunderstanding between Great Britain
and her colonies commenced, he was a strenuous advocate
for palliative measures, considering the colonists as fellow
subjects, who might, by lenient operations, be brought to
reason; but whom he judged would not submit to coercive
measures, which he greatly condemned. Accordingly, we
find, when his regiment was ordered for America he threw
up his commission, saying, at such a period,
"The post of honour was a private station."
In this opinion he continued to remain until very lately;
when by the change of administration, his friends coming
into power, he once more appeared upon the horizon of the
political world, and offered to serve in a military capacity,
as a volunteer at the siege of Gibraltar.
The article also includes a bit of gossip about
Mrs. Amelia Cox, a lady he supposedly secretly
married. The story is unconfirmed. From The
Town and Country Magazine, September 1782,
p. 457-459. CPPS 6087 LC-USZ62-45492
^^George Augustus Eliott
1st Baron Heathfield, 1717-1790
5i
GENERAL ELIOTT. G. Fredk Koehler delt.
W: Angus Sculp. Published July 15, 1785, by
J. Fielding, Pater Noster Row.
Mixed method x 4^6 in.
Eliott was appointed Governor of Gibraltar
in 1777 and held out against the Spanish siege
from 1779 until 1783, when Admiral Howe
broke the blockade and relieved the garrison.
In the face of the humiliations suffered in the
American war, Eliott was a welcome hero for
the British Government, and many portraits
and battle views celebrated his victory. In
contrast, very few prints about America ap-
peared in England after 1781. From Andrews,
History of the War with America, France,
Spain, and Holland, v. 4 (London, 1785), p. 11.
LC-USZ62-45222
^Charles Hector
Comte d'Estaing, 1729-1794
charles HENKi comte DESTAING, Ne le 24.
Novembre 1729. [1782]
Mixed method x 4^4 in.
A French admiral once captured by the
British at the siege of Madras and later im-
prisoned at Portsmouth for violating his parole,
d'Estaing had a strong hatred of England. In
1778 he sailed for America from Toulon but
arrived too late to stop Howe at New York.
In the West Indies he succeeded in taking St.
Vincent and Grenada, staving off Admiral
Byron, but his subsequent assault on Sa-
vannah failed. In 1780 he returned to France,
where he recommended that the Government
follow Lafayette's advice and send Rocham-
beau's expeditionary force to America. The
portrait is from Extrait du journal d'un officier
de la marine de Vescadre de M. Le Comte D'
Estaing (1782), frontispiece. LC-USZ62-45349
18


53
D'Estaing. D'Haisnc Pinxt. Goldar Sculp.
Published July 30, 1785, by J. Fielding Pater
Noster Row.
Mixed method 6^4 x in.
Bust portrait facing partially left in oval.
Decorative ribbon on top; pedestal on bottom.
From Andrews, History of the War with
America, France, Spain, and Holland, v. 3
(London, 1785), opposite p. 302. Similar to
item 52.
^Charles James Fox, 1749-1806
54
The Honble Chas. James Fox. Nov. 1779
Mixed method 7^2 x 4^ in.
Fox, who entered Parliament at the age of
19, was well known not only for the great
wealth of his father Lord Holland but also for
his scholastic and social abilities. Opposing
Wilkes and ignoring the people, he entered
North's Ministry as one of the Lords of the
Admiralty. Burke influenced him to break with
North in 1772, and by supporting the Bostoni-
ans in 1773 he became a Rockingham Whig.
The short biography accompanying his por-
trait emphasizes his opposition to North's
conduct toward the American Colonies. From
The London Magazine, November 1779, p.
483. LC-USZ62-45504
55
The Honble. Charles James Fox. [March
1781]
Mixed method 7^ x 4^ in.
At the opening of Parliament on November
25, 1779, Fox defended the English Constitu-
tion, threatened George III by alluding to the
punishments of Charles I and James II, and
compared the reign of George III to that of
Henry VI, under whom France was lost. The

allegory below the portrait shows the destruc-
tion of the political state as the statue of the
King based on the Magna Carta is destroyed.
A man with the ears of an ass, representing
Ignorance, chops at the statue with a pick.
A satyr, probably representing Fox's vices—
primarily gambling—breaks the King's sceptre
over his knee. To the right a man with wild
hair, usually representing Chaos, is about to
club the statue while a haggish woman, Fac-
tion, disguised as Liberty, looks into a mirror.
The short biography which accompanies this
portrait stresses Fox's opposition to the North
Ministry and accuses him of siding with the
rebels in Ireland and America and of taking the
position that these factions cry for "true con-
stitutional interpretation while Britons do
not." It includes the following quote from one
of Fox's speeches:
The people must be the instruments of their own deliver-
ence, and the road to it was open. Their brethren in
America and their brethren in Ireland have taught them
how to act. . . .
The article concludes with the statement that
Fox "is a strong advocate for the Americans,
and often declared in Parliament 'that every

55
victory we gain over the Americans is worse
than a defeat.' " From The Political Magazine,
1781, p. 157-159. CPPS 5836 LC-USZ62-45423
56
The Honble. Charles James Fox. Printed
for S.A. Cumberlege, at the Kings Arms, in
Pater-noster Row. [November 1781]
Etching 7 x 4^ in.
The short biography which accompanies this
portrait outlines Fox's political career. From
The Universal Magazine, November 1781, p.
225-228. LC-USZ62-45218
19



20


^Benjamin Franklin, 1706-1790
57
B. Franklin of Philadelphia. L.L.D. F.R.S.
1761 B. Wilson pinxt. Js. McArdell fecit.
Mezzotint izyi x 9^4 in. (image)
Before the American Revolution Franklin
was internationally known as a philosopher
and scientist. He was considered an example of
the type of genius to be found in America, and
his works provided the Colonies with a pride
in the accomplishments of a native son. In
this portrait Franklin holds a book entitled
Electric Expts. In the foreground and to his
left are scientific instruments and writing
materials; in the background lightning strikes
a town. Smith, p. 862. Sellers, p. 413.
LC-USZ62-45191
58
B: Franklin of Philadelphia. L.L.D. F.R.S.
M. Chamberlin pinxt. E. Fisher fecit. Sold by
M. Chamberlin in Stewart Street, Old Artillery
Ground, Spittalfields, Price 5s: [176?]
Mezzotint 14^ x loj^i in.
Scientific apparatus is at Franklin's right;
outside the window to his left an electrical
storm rages. This portrait is after a 1763
painting by Mason Chamberlin entitled "Por-
trait of a Gentleman: half length." It echoed
the theme of Benjamin Wilson's painting, and
the mezzotint version competed with the one
by McArdell. Sellers, p. 218-222. Smith, p.
493. See also items 62 and 65 for other copies.
Another impression. State before
imprint and title. Scratching on the letter
under his hand is absent. LC-USZ62-1434
59
Benjamin Franklin. Ne a Boston, dans la
nouvelle Angleterre le 17 Janvier 1706.
Dessine par C.N. Cochin Chevalier de l'Ordre
du Roi, en 1777, et Grave par Aug. de St.
Aubin Graveur de la Bibliotheque du Roi. Se
vend a Paris chez C.N. Cochin aux Galleries
du Louvre: et chez Aug de St. Aubin, rue de
Mathurins.
Etching %yi x 6 in.
Bust portrait facing right. Franklin is wear-
ing a fur hat and spectacles. The Cochin por-
trait and its variations (with or without
spectacles, with or without book, fur hat
shapeless or trimmed) was one of the most
frequently reprinted engravings of Franklin.
Its journalistic value derived from the fact
that it showed the American genius as he
appeared upon his arrival in France. From the
J. Pierpont Morgan "Signers Collection" in
the Manuscript Division. Sellers, p. 227.
Items after the Cochin portrait are 60, 61, 64,
66, 67, 70, 72, and 76.
60
D. Beniamin Fraencklin. Grand Commissaire
plenipotentiare du Congres d'Amerique en
France ne a Boston 1706, en 17. Janvier. Se
vend a Londres chez Thorn H desine par C.
Cochin Chev. de l'Ordre du Roi a Paris 1777.
Mezzotint 7^ x 6y& in. (image)
Half portrait facing left. Franklin wears a
fur hat and spectacles and holds a paper in
his left hand. From the J. Pierpont Morgan
"Signers Collection" in the Manuscript Divi-
sion. Reversed version of item 61.
6l
Benjamin Franklin, L.L.D. F.R.S. J. Cook
sc. [September 1777]
Mixed method 7 x 4^4 in.
Bust portrait facing left in oval. Franklin
wears fur hat and glasses. The biographical
sketch accompanying this picture stresses
Franklin's work as a scientist and mentions his
recent activities in England as a representative
of the Colonies. While debating the patrio-
tism of his motives, the article regrets that he
has embarked for the French court, noting that

62
this "man of austere manners" is "little
suited to the pliability of courts, or the genius
of the French nation." From The Town and
Country Magazine, September 1777, p. 451-453.
This portrait is after Cochin.
62
Dr. Franklin. [1778I
Mixed method jys x 4^4 in.
From Russell, History of America (1778),
opposite p. 494. LC-USZ62-45259
21


63

BENJAMIN FRANKLIN. Né à Boston,
dans la nouvelle Angleterre, le 17 Janv. 1706.
Duplessis Pinxit Parisiis 1778. Chevillet Sculp-
sit. Tiré du cabinet de M. Le Ray de Chaumont
& ca.
Line engraving 11^ x in.
The following poem appears below the cap-
tion:
Honneur du nouveau monde et de l'humanité,
Ce Sage aimable et vrai les guide et les
éclaire;
Comme un autre Mentor, il cache à l'oeil
vulgaire,
Sous des traits d'un mortel, une divinité.
Par M. Feutry.
This is the finest of the Franklin portraits and
probably the most often reproduced. It adver-
tised Franklin's presence in France and was
used in support of the alliance with America.
Sellers, p. 249. LC-USZ62-45195
64
Dr. Beniamin Franklin, gebohrn zu Boston
den 17. Janru. 1706. [1778]
Etching 6J/& x 4 in.
From Korn, Geschichte der Kriege (Nurn-
berg, 1777-78), copy 2, p. 92.
LC-USZ62-45264
65
Benjamin Franklin l.l.d. Envoy from the
American Congress to the French Court.
[1780]
Mixed method 6^ x 4^4 in.
After the Chamberlin portrait, but without
background or pen. By deleting the back-
ground of the original portrait, the engraver
stresses Franklin the statesman and writer
while deemphasizing his achievements in
science. From An Impartial History of the War
in America (London, 1780), p. 345.
LC-USZ62-45256


Another impression. A later state
with windows and curtains drawn in behind
Franklin. From An Impartial History of the
War in America (London & Carlisle, 1780),
P- 345
66
D. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, et vita inter
Americanos acta, et magnis electricitatis
periculis clarus. J. Elias Haid Sculp. 1780
Mezzotint 8 x 5 in. (image)
After the Cochin portrait.
LC-USZ62-45185
67
Benjamin Franklin, L.L.D. F.R.S. One
of the American Plenipotentiaries at the Court
of France. Pollard sculp. Printed for T. Rob-
son, Newcastle upon Tyne. [1780]
Mixed method 6}i x 4^ in.
After the Cochin portrait, but without
spectacles. From Murray, An Impartial His-
tory of the Present War in America^ v. 1 (New-
castle Upon Tyne, 1780), opposite p. 49.
LC-USZ62-45298
68
B. Franklin, l.l.d. f.r.s. Ambassador from the
Congress of America to the Court of France.
J. Norman Sc. [1781]
Etching 4X x 3^ in. (image)
After the medal first done by the Manufac-
ture Nationale de Sevres in 1778. See item 71
for a German copy. From An Impartial His-
tory of the War in America^ v. 2 (Boston,
178 1), opposite p. 129. LC-USZ62-45241
69
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN J. Pelicier. Sculp.
1782.
Etching 9^ x Gyi in.
Bust portrait after Duplessis in an oval



71
draped with foliage. Eagles on upper right and
lower left, lightning and the letters "VIR" on
base below, and books and a map on lower
right. From Hilliard d'Auberteuil, Essais
historiques, v. 3 (1782), p. [13]. Sellers, p.
284. LC-USZ62-45334
70
Benjamin Franklin, L.L.D. F.R.S. J. Cook
Sep. [1783]
Mixed method 6^ x 4^4 in.
The Cochin portrait of Franklin in fur cap
and spectacles facing partially left in oval.
From The Constitutions of the Several Independ-
ent States of America (Philadelphia, 1783),
frontispiece.
71
BENYAMIN FRANKLIN, gebohren 1706.
D. Berger Sculp. 1783.
Mixed method 4^6 x 2^ in. (image)
See also item 68. Sellers, p. 169.
LC-USZ62-45166
72
Dr. Franklin. Coelis eripuit fulmen scep-
trumque tyrannis. J. Norman Sc. [1784]
Mixed method i}4 x 2 in. (image)
After the Cochin portrait. Frontispiece to
The Boston Magazine, January 1784. StaufFer
2332.
Another impression. In P&P.
Stauffer, 2332. LC-USZ62-45168
73
Benjamin Franklin. Goldar Sculpt. Pub-
lished Sepr. 23d. 1785, by J. Fielding, Pater
Noster Row.
Mixed method 6^ x 4^2 in.
Portrait after Duplessis, with Franklin
wearing fur collar. From Andrews, History



74
of the War with America, France, Spain, and
Holland, v. i (London, 1785), p. 73.
LC-USZ62-45305
Another impression. In P&P.
74
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN. Né à Boston le
17. Janvier 1706. Eripuit coelo fulmen scep-
trum que tyrannis. Peint par Madame Filleul.
Gravé par Cathelin, Graveur du Roi. A Paris
chez M. Boquet rue Comtesse d'Artois vis-
à-vis celle Mauconseil. [1779-178?]
Line engraving 14^ x 10 in.
Franklin seated at a table upon which are
spectacles and a map of Philadelphia. By
Louis-Jacques Cathelin after Anne Rosalie
Filleul. Sellers, p. 282. LC-USZ62-45439
75
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN. Né à Boston dans
la Nouvelle Angleterre, le 17 Janvier 1706.
Desrayes del. le Beau seul. A Paris chés Esnauts
et Rapilly, rue St. Jacques à la Ville de Cou-
tances. A.P.D.R. [178?]
Mixed method 7^4 x 5 in.
Sellers states that Pierre Adrien LeBeau and
Claude Louis Desrais revised the Cochin por-
trait "to accord with the dignity due the rep-
resentative of a recognized power at the
Court of France." p. 229. LC-USZ62-28230
76
Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Engraved by P[eter]
R. Maverick 65 Liberty Street. [1794]
Mixed method 3^ x 1)4 in. (image)

After Cochin. Franklin in fur hat and glasses.
LC-USZ62-45167
77
[Benjamin Franklin] On l'a vu désarmer les
Tirans et les Dieux. L[ouis] Qarrogis] de
Carmontelle, Del. [François Denis] Nee Sculp
A Paris chez Née rue des Francs-Bourgeois.
Porte St. Michel. A.P.D.R. [178?]
Line engraving x 8}4 in.
Paper on the table to Franklin's right reads
"Les Loix de la Pensilvanie." Ships in back-
ground. Sellers, p. 215-216. LC-USZ62-21785
25



78
B. Franklin, L.L.D. F.R.S. Born at Boston in
New England, Jan. 6th. 1706. Died at Phila-
delphia, April 17th 1790. Eripuit Caelo
Fulmen; Sceptrumque Tyrannis.
Mixed method 3^4 x 3 in. (image)
Bust profile facing left in oval. After the
Sevres medal; see also items 68 and 71. From
The Massachusetts Magazine, May 1790, fron-
tispiece. LC-USZ62-31139
79
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN nee a boston, le
17 janvier 1706 Imprimeur; Fondateur de la
Republique des Etats unis de l'Amerique
Septentrionale mort a Philadelphie en 1790.
Dessine par Desrais Grave par la Cite. Monta-
land. A Paris, chez Basset Md. d'Estampes, rue

Jacques, au coin de celle des Mathurins. [1790?]
Stipple 11 x in.
Sellers dates this engraving somewhat later
than 1790, but it might have been produced in
the year of Franklin's death (p. 229).
LC-USZ62-45192
^Thomas Gage, 1719?-!787
80
General Gage. R. Pollard sculp. Printed for
T. Robson, Newcastle, upon Tyne. [1778]
Mixed method x 4^ in.
As Commander in Chief of the British Army
in North America at the outbreak of the War of
Independence, Gage was responsible for main-
taining royal authority in the Colonies. His
inability to check the spread of rebellion and his
attitude toward the Americans, which many in
England considered overly sympathetic, led
to his replacement by Sir William Howe in
October 1775. The portrait shown here sup-
ports contemporary descriptions of the general
as a handsome man with regular features,
large eyes, and a long, aristocratic nose. From
Murray, An Impartial History of the Present
War in America, v. 2 (London, 1778), opposite
p. 145.

if.'
8l
Another impression. From Murray,
An Impartial History of the War in America,
v. 2 (Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1782), opposite
p. 436. LC-USZ62-45229
81
Mrs. F g. [and] The lenient Commander.
Publish'd June 1st; 1781 by J. Hamilton Junr.
Fleet Street.
Mixed method ^% x 7 in.
Following his return to England in 1776,
Gage remained in disfavor with the Govern-
ment as long as Germain was in authority.
This tete-a-tete, from The Town and Country
Magazine, May 1781, opposite p. 233, appear-
ing one month after his appointment as com-
mander of militia in Kent, was an attempt to
perpetuate his image as a "lenient com-
mander" and to further discredit him through
allegations concerning an association with an
unprincipled woman.
Another copy. Publish'd as the Act
directs by T: Walker No. 79 Dame Street.
4 x 7 in. From The Hibernian Magazine, July
1781, opposite p. 348.
26


;Horatio Gates, 1728/29-1806
82
Horatio Gates, Esqr. Major General of the
American Forces. London: Publish'd as the
Act directs, 2nd. Jany. 1778, by John Morris.
Mezzotint 13^ x 9^ in.
Gates points to a document upon which is
written "Articles] of Convention between
Genl. Gates & Genl. Burgoyne." An American
flag is in the left background. The gorget
around Gates' neck designated an officer on
duty. This mezzotint, one of a series of early
portraits depicting American leaders in the
War of Independence, probably by C. Corbutt,
was later copied in Augsburg by J. M. Will
and became the basis of many engravings
throughout the decade following. See items 83
and 85 for prints after this one. CPPS 5469
LC-USZ62-3615
General Gates. Printed for T. Robson, New-
castle, upon Tyne. [1778]
Mixed method 7 x 4^ in.
Gates in uniform with gorget. From Murray,
An Impartial History of the Present War in
America, v. 2 (London, 1778), frontispiece.
Another impression. In Murray,
An Impartial History of the War in America,
v. 2 (Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1782), frontispiece.
LC-USZ62-45351
84
the honble. Horatio Gates. Major General
of the American Forces. [1780]
Mixed method 5^8 x 3^ in. (image)
Throughout the war Gates was known chiefly
as the victor at the battle of Saratoga, al-
though the wilderness, the lack of supplies for
the British, and the Americans' superior
numbers contributed more to the victory than


27



Gates' leadership. In this stylized portrait
Gates holds a scroll reading "Articles of Capi-
tulation." From An Impartial History of the
War in America (London, 1780), p. 494.
Another impression. From An Im-
partial History of the War in America (London
& Carlisle, 1780), p. 494. LC-USZ62-45258
85
The Honle. Horatio Gates, Esqr. Major
General in the American Army. J. Norman Sc.
[1781]
Mixed method 4^ x 3^ in. (image)
The American engraver probably copied this
portrait from the English edition of An Im-
partial History (item 83). Norman's short-
comings in skill and lack of materials become
evident when this engraving is compared to the
English illustration. From An Impartial His-
tory of the War in America, v. 2 (Boston, 1781),
copy 1, p. 257. Stauffer, 2333.
LC-USZ6 2-45 243
Another impression. In v. 2, copy 2,
frontispiece.
86
H. Gates. Drawn from the life by Du Simitier
in Philadelphia. Engraved by B. L. Prevost at
Paris. [1781]
Line engraving 7 x 5 in.
This portrait and the two following were
drawn in the late 1770's and became very
popular because the original sketch was the
first "from the life." From Portraits des
generaux . . . (Paris, 1781), plate 6. Plates from
this volume are in P&P. LC-USZ62-26778
87
Major General Gates. Pubd. 15th May 1783
by R. Wilkinson No. 58, Cornhill, London.
B.B.E.
28


Mixed method 5^2 x 4^4 in.
Bust profile to left. In Du Simitiere, Portraits
of the Generals . . . (London, 1783), plate 12.
Similar to item 86.
88
General Gates. Engraved for the West-
minster Magazine. [November 1783]
Mixed method 7 x 4^ in.
Bust profile facing left in oval. The biog-
raphy which accompanies this portrait ex-
plains that the valiant British troops were de-
serted by their Indian and Canadian allies at
Saratoga and that Gates was a sympathetic
and honorable victor. From The Westminster
Magazine, November 1783, p. 163. After Du
Simitiere (see item 86).
^George II, 1683-1760
George III, 1738-1820
89
K. GEORGE II. crowned June 11, 1727. K.
GEORGE III. crowned Oct. 25, 1760. [1774]
Woodcuts, each 1^4 x 1% in. (image)
Bickerstaff wished to express his Tory senti-
ments by picture, poem, and genealogy. The
two bust portraits, resembling Roman bas-
reliefs, stress not only the Augustan nobility of
George II and George III but also—by their
physical resemblance—the virtues of succes-
sion. Between the portraits is a poem extolling
the continuity of kingship:
Happy the land to whom 'tis given
T'enjoy that choicest boon of Heaven;
Where, bound in one illustrious chain,
The Monarch, and the People, reign.
Hence is Britannia's weal maintain'd;
Hence are the rights his Fathers gain'd
To ev'ry freeborn subject known:
Hence to the throne, in songs of praise,
A grateful realm its tribute pays,
And hails the King, whose int'rest is our own.

Another poem in an adjacent column praises
George III:
All hail! George renowned Prince of might,
Our King by Providence, and lawful right,
Rome's fatal foe, and protestant's delight,
May peace and plenty all your days remain,
And Nestor's years conclude your happy reign.
Already round the globe your actions shine,
Already you're acknowledged all divine,
Whilst each succeeding year brings some new glory
And adds a branch to your immortal story.
From Bickerstaff, Boston Almanack (Boston,
1774), p. 6. LC-USZ62-45320
90
His Majesty King George the III. Contem-
plating a Medal of King Alfred. [1774]
Mixed method 6}4 x 3^ in. (image)
The Hanoverian kings wished to strengthen
their claim to the throne by showing descent
from Alfred the Great. In this portrait the
young King in his coronation robes holds up a
medal of Alfred. The seal of England with the
lion and the unicorn are over the doorway.
From The Annual Register (Dublin, 1774), p.
383. LC-USZ62-45 205

90
29


91

George the Hid. King of Great Britain,
France and Ireland. Pollard sculpt. Printed for
T. Robson, Newcastle upon Tyne. [1778]
Mixed method 7 x 4 in.
George III shown as a strong, young King
in armor and wearing a laurel wreath. From
Murray, An Impartial History of the Present
War in America, v. 1 (London, 1778), frontis-
piece. LC-USZ62-45350
92
George III. King of Great Britain &c.
Pollard sculp. Printed for T. Robson, New-
castle upon Tyne. [1780]
Mixed method 7 x 4^ in.
One of Reynold's coronation portraits, show-
ing the King in white powdered wig and ermine
stole. From Murray, An Impartial History of
the War in America, v. 1 (Newcastle Upon
Tyne, 1782), frontispiece. LC-USZ62-45228
Another impression. From Murray,
An Impartial History of the Present War in
America, v. 1 (Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1780),
frontispiece.
93
GEORGE the III. Reynolds del. Angus sculp.
Published July 2, 1785, by J. Fielding Pater
noster Row.
Mixed method 7 x 4^ in.
Another coronation portrait after Reynolds.
From Andrews, History of the War with
America, France, Spain, and Holland, v. I
(London, 1785). LC-USZ62-45307
^George Sackville Germain, 1716-
1785
94
LORD GEORGE GERMAINE. Apr. [1780]
Mixed method 7^2 x 4^ in.
3o


The accompanying biography refers to
Germain's military errors, indicating that he
"was always better calculated for the states-
man, the man of letters, and the gentleman,
than for an enterprising general." As Secretary
of State for the Colonies, 1775-82, and Lord
Commissioner of Trade and Plantations, 1775—
79, he was an enthusiastic supporter of the
policies of Lord North. When war broke out in
America, Germain was placed in command of
the British war effort by virtue of his civil
post, in spite of the fact that he had been
court-martialled earlier in his career. He was
largely responsible for the military failures
that resulted in the loss of the Colonies. From
The London Magazine, April 1780, p. 147-148.
LC-USZ62-45273
95
Lord George Germaine. Pollard sculp.
Printed for T. Robson, Newcastle upon Tyne.
[1782]
Mixed method 7^4 x 4^ in.
Bust portrait facing front in oval. From
Murray, An Impartial History of the War in
America, v. 2 (Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1782),
opposite p. 297. Similar to item 94.
^|Lord George Gordon, 1751-1793
96
LORD GEORGE GORDON. Published by
T: Walker No. 79 Dame Street. [July 1780]
Mixed method 6^4 x 4 in.
Gordon, the younger son of a duke, received
a lieutenant's commission in the British Navy
at the age of 21. He was eager to command his
own ship in American waters and resigned when
he was not promoted. He subsequently became
a member of the opposition in Parliament.
Gordon's political sympathies are discussed
in a short biography accompanying the por-
trait. In 1780, the year of this engraving, he
began to attract national attention because of
his anti-Catholic agitation. The scroll beneath
this bust profile, reading "Protestants Petition
against Popery," refers to his role in the Gordon
Riots. From The Hibernian Magazine, July
1780, p. 353-355- LC-USZ62-45202
97
Lord George Gordon. Publish'd 1st. July
1780 by Fielding & Walker. Pater Noster Row.
Mixed method 7 x 4^2 in.
The biography accompanying this portrait
implies that Gordon's disappointment at not
receiving a much-deserved promotion in-
fluenced his decision to oppose the North
Ministry and befriend the Americans. Similar
to item 96. From The Westminster Magazine,
June 1780, p. 295.



^Nathanael Greene, 1742-1786
98
His Excy. Nathaniel Green Esq;—Major
General of the American Army. J. Norman
Sc. [1781]
Mixed method 5^ x 22A m- (image)
Greene, who emerged from the Revolution
with a military reputation second only to that
of Washington, began his career as a militia
private. He was chosen to serve as brigadier
general of militia in 1775, became brigadier
general in the Continental Army the same
year, and was promoted to major general in
1776. He proved himself an able commander at
Trenton and in 1778 reluctantly accepted an
appointment as quartermaster general, a post
in which he also excelled. His use of guerilla
troops against Cornwallis in the Carolinas in
1780 and 1781 confirmed his reputation as a
general of great ability. The allegory beneath
Greene's portrait represents America nurturing
the white and dark races. The feeding is in-
terrupted by a military engagement of British


and colonial troops; ships are in the back-
ground. From An Impartial History of the
War in America, v. i (Boston, 1781), copy 2,
P- 366.
Another impression. In v. 1, copy 1,
p. 128. LC-USZ62-45236
99
GENERAL GREEN. Published Augt. 12,
1785, by J. Fielding, Pater-noster Row.
Mixed method 6^ x in.
From Andrews, History of the War with
America, France, Spain, and Holland, v. 1
(London, 1785), p. 356. LC-USZ62-45338
IOO
Majr. Genl. Greene. Trenchard Sculp.
[1786]
Etching dyi x 4^ in. (image)
Charles Willson Peale was designing plates
for The Columbian Magazine in 1786, and
Trenchard probably did this engraving after a
Peale portrait. The work represents a memorial
to Greene, and the items portrayed below the
oval frame symbolize various aspects of his
career. Frontispiece for The Columbian Maga-
zine, September 1786. LC-USZ62-45507
^Charles Grey
1st Earl Grey, 1729-1807
101
General Grey. Pollard sc. 1780 Printed for
T. Robson, Newcastle upon Tyne.
Mixed method 7 x 4^ in.
Grey fought under Howe in 1776, was
transferred to Clinton's command, and at the
Battle of Brandywine led a surprise attack
against General Anthony Wayne. A vigorous
and able officer, he was critical of the manage-
ment of the war by Germain and others in
London. From Murray, An Impartial History

100
of the Present War in America, v. 1 (New-
castle Upon Tyne, 1780), opposite p. 433.
LC-USZ62-45232
Another impression. From Murray,
An Impartial History of the Present War in
America, v. 2 (London, 1778), opposite p. 433.
Another impression. From Murray,
An Impartial History of the War in America,
v. 2 (Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1782), opposite
p. 271.
32




§§[John Hancock, 1737-1793
102
The Honble John Hancock of Boston
in New England; President of the American
Congress. Done from an Original Picture
Painted by Littleford. London, Published as
the Acts directs 25 October 1775 by C. Shep-
herd.
Mezzotint 14 x g^i in.
Hancock's involvement in the Revolution
originated in his disagreements with Crown
customs officials in connection with his thriving
mercantile business in Boston. He was a leader
among the militant patriots at the time of the
Stamp Act crisis and the Boston Massacre
and held elected offices in the Massachusetts
Provincial Congress and the Continental Con-
gress. As President of the Continental Congress
he was the first to sign the Declaration of In-
dependence, and he later served as president of
the Massachusetts convention which ratified
the Constitution. This portrait and items 104,
105, 108, and 109 are after a painting done by
Copley in 1770-72. LC-USZ62-7340.
103
The Hon. JOHN HANCOCK, Esq; President
of the Honourable the CONTINENTAL
CONGRESS. [1777]
Woodcut x iyi in.
From Bickerstaff", Boston Almanack (Boston,
1777), P- 3- LC-USZ62-45323
104
John Hankock. Praesident des Americane
Congresses. [1777]
Etching x 4 in.
From Korn, Geschichte der Kriege (Niirn-
berg, 1777-78), copy 2, p. 120.
LC-USZ62-45263
105
The Honble. John Hancock. Pollard sculp.
Printed for T. Robson, Newcastle, upon Tyne.
[1780]
Mixed method 7 x \% in.
From Murray, An Impartial History of the
Present War in America, v. 1 (Newcastle
Upon Tyne, 1780), opposite p. 145.
LC-USZ62-45300
Another impression. In the J.
Pierpont Morgan "Signers Collection" in the
Manuscript Division.
106
John Hancock, Esq: President of the
American Congress. [1780]
Etching 6}i x 4^ in. (image)
Hancock points his pen at a document en-
titled "To the People of Ireland," beside which
are "Resolutions of the Continental Con-
gress." The "Boston Port Bill," and a "Pro-
clamation" are on the floor at his feet. On the
wall behind him are three portraits. From An
Impartial History of the War in Ai?ierica, v. 1
(London, 1780), p. 207. See also item 107.
Another impression. From An Im-
partial History of the War in America, v. 1
(London & Carlisle, 1780), p. 207.
33


107

no
His Excy. John Hancock, Esq:—Late Presi-
dent of the American Congress. J. Norman,
Sculp. [1781]
Etching 6 x 4 in. (image)
This picture is copied from item 106, with
the exception that two of the pictures on the
wall are identified as Hampden and Cromwell.
From An Impartial History of the War in
America, v. 1 (Boston, 1781), copy 1, frontis-
piece. Stauffer, 2335. LC-USZ62-45235
108
J. HANCOCK. J. Pelicier. Sculp. 1782.
Etching 6^4 x in- (image)
The base below portrait resembles_a shipping
carton tied with rope. From Hilliard d'Auber-
teuil, Essais historiques, v. 3 (1782), p. [4].
LC-USZ62-45329
109
John Hancock Esqr. Published Novr. 1,
1783 by J. Fielding, No. 23, Pater-noster Row.
Line engraving 5^ x 3^ in. (image)
Bust portrait facing right in oval on pedestal
with mask and ribbon on top. From the J.
Pierpont Morgan "Signers Collection" in the
Manuscript Division. Originally from The
European Magazine, September 1783, p. 165.
This print is similar to, and probably after,
item 102.
ggWilliam Heath, 1737-1814
110
His Excy. William Heath, Esq. Major Gen-
eral in the American Army. [1784]
Etching 6^2 x 4 in. (image)
Heath's military abilities were limited and
Washington assigned him primarily routine
duties such as the handling of reserve troops
and prisoners. His biographers agree that he


was better suited to be a farmer and politician
than a general. John Norman used the same
background on this print and item 216. From
An Impartial History of the War in America,
v. 3 (Boston, 1784), copy I, frontispiece.
Stauffer 2336. LC-USZ62-45246


j^Hendrick, Tiyanoka the Great
Sachem, ca. 1680-1755
111
The brave old [Tiyanoka] Hendrick the great
Sachem or Chief of the Mohawk Indians, one
of the Six Nations now in Alliance with, &
Subject to the King of Great Britain. Sold by
Eliz: Bakewell opposite Birchin Lane in Corn-
hill. [176?]!
Mixed method 14^ x 10^ in.
Hendrick was killed in 1755 while fighting
for the English at the battle of Lake George.
Portraits of Hendrick and other Indians were
widely reproduced in England during the last
half of the 18th century and often showed the
American Indian as an ally of Great Britain.
Hendrick appears with painted face but in
European dress and holding a European-
made hatchet. LC-USZ62-45198
ffiWills Hill
1st Earl Hillsborough, 1718-1793
112
The Right Honble. The Earl of Hills-
borough. [1781]
Mixed method 7 x 4^2 in.
As Secretary of State for the Colonies from
1768 to 1772, Hillsborough consistently urged
the House of Lords to condemn the colonist's
efforts to resist taxation. Whether in office or
out, he opposed all conciliatory actions to-
ward the Americans until the end of the North
administration in March 1782. The short



36


biography which accompanies this portrait
suggests that although Hillsborough tried to
coerce the Americans into acquiescence with
the King's wishes, he received more than his
share of blame for the ensuing fiascoes. From
The London Magazine, August 1781, opposite
p. 355. LC-USZ62-45315
Another copy (reversed). From
The Hibernian Magazine■, September 1781,
p. 449.
^Samuel Hood
1st Viscount Hood, 1724-1816
113
Lord Hood. Miller del. Birrell sculp. From a
Painting by West in the Possession of Sir
John Dick. Published June 21, 1785, by J.
Fielding Pater-noster Row.
Mixed method 7 x \% in.
Hood's service in North American waters
began in 1763, and he was Commander in
Chief in North America from 1767 to 1770.
After two years of semiretirement as governor
of the Naval Academy, 1778-80, he was sent
to the West Indies, where he helped take St.
Eustatius, blockaded Martinique, and as-
sisted in holding off the superior forces of
Comte de Grasse. Hood joined Graves off the
Chesapeake Bay in a vain effort to relieve
Cornwallis in 1781 at Yorktown, but having too
small a force to be effectual, he returned to
the West Indies to counter the French naval
threat there. From Andrews, History of the
War with America, France, Spain, and Hol-
land, v. 4 (London, 1785), opposite p. 270.
LC-USZ62-45344
^Esek Hopkins, 1718-1802
114
Commodore Hopkins, Commander in Chief
of the American Fleet. Published as the Act
directs 22 Augt. 1776 by Thos. Hart.
Mezzotint 13^ x 10 in.
A successful sea captain before being ap-
pointed brigadier general in charge of Rhode
Island's military forces, Hopkins met with
reverses as a naval commander. He was dis-
missed from office by Congress in 1778 after
the British blockaded his navy in Narragansett
Bay in 1776 but remained a supporter of the
American cause. This portrait shows him in
uniform with ships in the background dis-
playing a 1775 navy jack with the words
"Dont tread upon me" and a "Liberty Tree"
flag with the inscription "An appeal to God."
The mezzotint pictured here was probably
engraved by C. Corbutt, and it was later re-
produced in Augsburg by J. M. Will. CPPS
5336 LC-USZ62-19219
115
Commodore Hopkins. R. Pollard Sc. Printed
for T. Robson, Newcastle, upon Tyne. [1778]
Mixed method x 4% in.
From Murray, An Impartial History of the
Present War in America, v. 2 (London, 1778),
opposite p. 289.
Another impression. From Murray,
An Impartial History of the War in America,
v. 1 (Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1782), opposite
p. 77. LC-USZ62-45353
Il6
Commodore Hopkins. Commandeur en Chef
der Amerj: Flotte. [1778]
Etching x 3^ in.
This German engraving is after the mezzo-
tint by Corbutt (see item 114). The striped
flag in the left background was often used to
represent the American flag. From Korn,
Geschichte der Kriege (Niirnberg, 1777-78), copy
2, p. 92. LC-USZ62-45266

II7
Robert Hopkins. Esqr. Commodore of the
American Sea Forces. [1780]
Mixed method y}4 x 4^ in.
An idealized portrait. The engraver has used
the wrong given name for Esek Hopkins. From
An Impartial History of the War in America,
v. 1 (London & Carlisle, 1780), p. 310.
LC-USZ62-45252
Another impression. From An Im-
partial History of the War in America, v. I
(London, 1780), p. 310.
37



120
38



^Richard Howe
Earl Howe, 1726-1799
118
Lord Viscount Howe. Angus Sculp. Pub-
lished Novr. 1, 1782, by J. Fielding, Pater-
noster Row, J Sewell, Cornhill, & J Debrett,
Piccadilly. European Magazine.
Mixed method 6^4 x 4 in.
An admiral in the British Navy, Howe served
as Commander in Chief on the American sta-
tion from 1776 to 1778 and as a member of
the first peace commission. This portrait, made
in 1782 when Howe was commanding naval
forces in the English Channel, was inserted in
a copy of The Annual Register (Dublin, 1774),
opposite p. 119. LC-USZ62-45204
II9
Lord Howe. Printed for T. Robson, Newcastle,
upon Tyne. [1778]
Mixed method 6^5 x 4 in.
From Murray, An Impartial History of the
Present War in America, v. 2 (London, 1778),
opposite p. 97.
■— Another impression. From Murray,
An Impartial History of the War in America,
v. 1 (Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1782), opposite
p. 303. LC-USZ62-45352
I20
Richd. Lord Viscount Howe Rear Admiral of
the White and Commander in Chief of the
Fleet in N. America. [1780]
Etching G)A x 4^ in. (image)
From An Impartial History of the War in
America, v. 1 (London, 1780), p. 327.
Another impression. From An Im-
partial History of the War in America, v. 1
(London & Carlisle, 1780), p. 327.
LC-USZ62-45254
121
Lord Howe. Publish'd March 25th. 1786. by J.
Fielding Pater noster Row London.
Mixed method Gyi x 4^ in.
This portrait was made while Howe was
First Lord of the Admiralty. Andrews, History
of the War with America, France, Spain, and
Holland, v. 1 (London, 1785), opposite p. 303.
LC-USZ62-45337
122
The Fair American, [and] Old Nauticus.
London, Publish'd by A. Hamilton, Junr. Fleet
Street Novr. i; 1788.
Mixed method 4^ x 6}i in.
Accompanying this tete-a-tete is a descrip-
tion of an affair between an American widow
and an old sailor who seduces her. Dorothy
George suspects that Lord Richard Howe is
the old man, although the portrait does not
resemble any likeness of him. See CPPS 7412.
From The Town and Country Magazine,
October 1788, p. 439-441. LC-USZ62-45420

39





r//te (mrrtfvrn </fcio
123
j£j§; William Howe
5th Viscount Howe, 1729-1814
123
Miss V gh n. [and] The American Hero.
Published as the Act directs by A. Hamilton
Junr. near St. John's Gate. Sepr. 1. 1775.
Mixed method 4 x 7 in.
General William Howe, British Commander
in Chief in the Colonies, 1776-78, earlier had
sworn that he would never attempt to coerce
the Americans, but many were skeptical about
his strong pro-American feelings. This tete-
a-tete appeared soon after the debacle at
Bunker Hill, and the accompanying text is
among the first to blame Howe for assuming a
military post against an enemy for whom he
had great sympathy. The article hints at the
bond between Howe and the colonists with an
irony typical of The Town and Country Mag-
azine:
The general's behavior on the 17th of June, in the action
near Boston, has so perfectly established his character for
coolness, fortitude, and bravery, that nothing can add to
its lustre, except the esteem and veneration in which even
his enemies held him, and who would not fire upon him
when deserted by his own troops, before he could rally
them.
The article next slanders Howe through a story
of his fathering a child by Miss Vaughan,
who was made a ward to Howe at the time of
her father's death. From The Town and Country
Magazine, August 1775, p. 401-403. CPPS
5308 LC-USZ62-45490

Another copy. Publish'd as the Act
by T: Walker No. 79 Dame Street.
Hibernian Magazine, September
directs
From The
1775, p. 5H-5I6
124
General Howe Esqr. of the Conecticut and
comander Army in America. I.M. Probst, fc.
Ioh. Mich: Probst, exc: A.V. [1776-178?]
Mixed method lo^i x 8 in.
A German representation of William Howe
in America. LC-USZ62-45179
125
General Howe. Printed for T. Robson, New-
castle, upon Tyne. [1778]
Mixed method 7 x 4^ in.
A complimentary portrait, engraved while
40


Lieutenant General Howe was in possession
of Philadelphia. Howe's large stature and hand-
some features were compared by some to those
of Washington (cf. items 127 and 214). From
Murray, An Impartial History of the Present
War in America, v. 1 (London, 1778), opposite
p. 287.
Another impression. From Murray,
An Impartial History of the War in America,
v. 2 (Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1782), opposite
p. 39. LC-USZ62-45303
126
The Hon; Sir Willm. Howe Kt. of the bath.
Commander in Chief of all his Majesty's
Forces in America. [1780]
Mixed method 7^2 x 4^ in.
Howe was made Knight of the Bath for his
successful campaign in New York in 1776.
From An Impartial History of the War in
America, v. 1 (London & Carlisle, 1780),
p. 205. LC-USZ62-45247
Another impression. From An Im-
partial History of the War in America, v. 1
(London, 1780), p. 204.
127
General Howe. Dodd del. Goldar sculp.
Published May, 13, 1786, by J. Fielding
Pater Noster Row.
Mixed method 6^ x 4^2 in.
From Andrews, History of the War with
America, France, Spain, and Holland, v. 2
(London, 1785), copy 1, p. 226.
LC-USZ62-45339
Another impression. From An-
drews, History of the War with America,
France, Spain, and Holland, v. 1 (London,
1785), copy 3, p. 302.

128
Admiral Hughes. Publish'd May 12, 1786,
by John Fielding, Pater-noster Row.
Mixed method 6y& x 4^4 in.
Though Hughes did not fight in American
waters, he did undertake expeditions against
the principal Dutch settlements in the East
Indies. From Andrews, History of the War with
America, France, Spain, and Holland, v. 4
(London, 1785), p. 239. LC-USZ62-45220


^Samuel Huntington, 1731-1796
129
S. Huntingdon. Drawn from the life by Du
Simitiere in Philadelphia. Engraved by B. L.
Prevost at Paris. [1781]
Line engraving with etched border 7 x 5 in.
Du Simitiere probably drew the portrait from
which this engraving was made in 1779, when
Huntington was attending the Continental
Congress as a delegate from Connecticut.
From Portraits des generaux . . . (Paris, 1781),
plate 8. Plates from this volume are in P&P.
LC-USZ62-43020


130
His Excellency S. Huntingdon President of
Congress. Pubd. May 15th 1783 by R. Wilkin-
son No. 58 Cornhill, London. B.B.E.
Mixed method $y2 x 4^4 in.
Bust profile facing left. In Du Simitiere,
Portraits of the Generals . . . (London, 1783),
plate 4. Similar to item 129.

ggjohn Jay, 1745-1829
131
His Excellency John Jay President of Congress
& Minister Plenipotentiary from Congress at
Madrid. Pubd. May 15th. 1783, by R. Wilkin-
son No. 58. Cornhill, London. B.B.E.
Mixed method 5,^2 x 4^ in.
Engraved after Du Simitiere's portrait of
John Jay, drawn from life in Philadelphia in
x779- Jav was elected President of Congress in
December 1778 and held that post until he
was appointed Minister to Spain in September
1779. In Du Simitiere, Portraits of the Generals
. . . (London, 1783), plate 3.
LC-USZ62-45481
132
jg^John Paul Jones, 1747-1792
132
JOHN PAUL JONES, Commander of a
Squadron in the Service of the thirteen
UNITED STATES OF NORTH AMERICA, I779.
Mezzotint 13^4 x 9^ in.
Commissioned a lieutenant in the Con-
tinental Navy by Congress in 1775, John
Paul Jones, a Scotsman by birth, soon proved
himself exceptional in both seamanship and
courage. The DAB describes Jones as "homely,
small, thin, and active," but his size and stature
never detracted from his proud bearing.
LC-USZ62-19203
42


133
John Paul Jones. Dessiné par C. J. Notté.
Gravé par Carl Guttenberg. A Paris chez
Guttenberg rue St. Hyacinthe la 2me porte
par la place St. Michel. [178?]
Line engraving il}4 x in.
The defeat of the British ship Serapis by
the Bonhomme Richard (thus named by Jones
in honor of Benjamin Franklin) was attributed
solely to the courage of the stalwart com-
modore, who lashed his smaller vessel to the
Serapis stem to stem so as to prevail through
musketry in close action. The note appearing
below the title describes the advantages held
by the British and mentions that the Richard
sank shortly after the battle:
Commodore au service des Etats-Unis de l'Amérique, tel
qu'il était dans le combat du 23 7bre. 1779 contre le Com-
modore Pearson son Vaisseau le bon homme Richard
montait 40. canons, le Vaisseau Anglais le Serapis 44.
avait encore l'avantage du calibre, et la legèrté. le Com-
modore P. Jones, par sa maneuvre engagea le Beaupré
de l'ennemi, et s'empara du Serapis en le combattant
bord a bord pandant 2. heures y^. l'Action dura 3. heures
et ]/^. Le bon homme Richard coula le lendemain.
LC-USZ62-45184
A similar copy with no credits
except, "A Paris chez Esnauts et Rapilly, rue
St. Jacques."
iVi x 4yi in.
A note essentially identical to that quoted
above appears below the title, together with
the following anecdote describing the in-
trepid character of John Paul Jones, who it is
said would rather have surrendered to the
devil than to the British captain:
A la fin du Combat le Bon homme Richard se trouva
être si désempare que le Capitaine du Sérapis cria à Paul
Jones que s'il n'amenoit pas sur le champ, il alloit le
couler bas: (coule-moi bas si tu peux, répondit l'intrépide
Américain, lorsque le Diable voudra m'avoir, j'aime mieux
me rendre à lui qu'à toi.)
LC-USZ62-2510

I33b
43
1


134

John Paul Jones. A Paris chez l'Auteur rue
du Cog St. Honoré, près le Louvre. Dessiné
d'après nature au mois de May 1780 par J.
M. Moreau le Jeune. Gravé a l'Eauforte par
J. M. Moreau le Je. Terminé au burin par J.
B. Fosseyeux, 1781.
Line engraving S}4 x 6^2 in.
In April 1780 Jones went to France to
negotiate the sale of his prize and was greeted
as a popular hero of the American Revolution.
The lines below the title of this portrait pay
tribute to the rare genius of the naval officer:
Tels hommes rarement se peuvent présenter,
Et quand le Ciel les donne, il faut en profiter.
LC-USZ62-I0884
^Richard Kempenfelt, 1718-1782
135
Adml. Kempenfelt. Publish'd April 27. 1786
by J. Fielding Pater Noster Row.
Mixed method x 4^ in.
A rear admiral in the British Navy, Kempen-
felt used a brilliant maneuver to disperse the
French convoy of Admiral de Guichen which
was bound for the West Indies in 1780. From
Andrews, History of the War with America,
France, Spain, and Holland, v. 4 (London,
1785), opposite p. 294. LC-USZ62-45346
^Augustus Keppel
Viscount Keppel, 1725-1786
136
Admiral Keppel. [1778]
Mixed method x \% in.
Keppel had performed well in the Seven
Years' War but as the result of political in-
trigues was not offered a commission in the
American war until January 1778, when the
threat from France was acute. He needed six
44


months to refit the fleet, and this portrait ap-
peared before he sailed out for combat with
the French and Spanish. In the short bio-
graphy which accompanies this portrait, the
hope is expressed that "Great Britain will still
be enabled to preserve the empire of the seas,
and to take ample vengeance on her perfidious
neighbors for interfering in our unhappy quar-
rel with our American colonies." From The
London Magazine, July 1778, p. 291.
LC-USZ62-45501
137
Admiral Keppel. Printed for T. Robson,
Newcastle, upon Tyne. [1778]
Mixed method 6J4, x 4^4 in.
From Murray, An Impartial History of the
Present War in America, v. 2 (London, 1778),
opposite p. 529.
Another impression. From Murray,
An Impartial History of the Present War in
America, v. 2 (Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1780),
opposite p. 529. LC-USZ62-45233
138
Lord Keppel. Golder sculp. Publish'd March
18. 1786. by J. Fielding Pater noster Row.
Mixed method 6£i x 4^2 in.
On February 11, 1779, Keppel was acquitted
by a_court martial trying him for inadequate
performance. Since he had sailed judiciously
and fought valiantly against the French, the
people saw his acquittal as a victory over the
Ministers who were responsible for the mis-
conduct of the war. This portrait of Keppel,
who was one of the few unscathed English
heroes, appeared in Andrews, History of the
War with America, France, Spain, and Hol-
land, v. 3 (London, 1785), opposite p. 196.
LC-USZ62-4 5342
§gHenry Knox, 1750-1806
139
The Honle. Henry Knox, Esqr. Major Gen-
eral of the Artillery in the American Army. J.
Norman Sc. [1782]
Etching 4% x 3^ in. (image)
Appointed brigadier general and subse-
quently major general of artillery, Knox devel-
oped this branch of the Continental Army into
a viable fighting force. His command was
particularly outstanding at Monmouth and
York town. From An Impartial History of the
War in America, v. 2 (Boston, 1782), copy I,
p. 321. Stauffer, 2337. LC-USZ62-45244

§j|Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch
Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de
Lafayette, 1757-1834
140
The Honble. Marquis LaFayette, Major
General of the American Army. [1782]
Etching 4^ x 3^ in. (image)
The dashing young marquis became the
symbol of the French-American entente. He
served Washington as a major general in the
field and sparked enthusiasm for the American
cause in France. Among the hundreds of La-
fayette portraits engraved before 1790, rel-
atively few connected him with the American
Revolution, and he was generally portrayed as
representing a hope for a new order emerging
from the French Revolution. Americans con-
tinued to associate Lafayette with their own
history, however, and the portraits by Nor-
man and Hill (items 140 and 143) served to
rekindle his popularity. From An Impartial
History of the War in America, v. 2 (Boston,
1782), copy 1, p. 65. Stauffer, 2338.
LC-USZ62-45239


I4I
DE LA FAYETTE. Angus Sculp. Published
Augt. 26, 1785, by J. Fielding, Pater-noster
Row.
Mixed method 5^4 x 3^ in. (image)
From Andrews, History of the War with
America, France, Spain, and Holland, v. 2
(London, 1785), p. 422.
LC-USZ62-45308
I42
[LaFayette at Yorktown] Conclusion De La
Campagne De 1781 en Virginie. To his ex-
cellancy General Washington this likeness of
his friend, the Marquess de la Fayette, is
humbly dedicated, by le Mire. [178?]
Line engraving 16^2 x 12^ in. (image)
When Lafayette first joined the American
Army, Congress appointed him a major general
without command. After the Battle of Brandy-
wine, he assumed command of various Ameri-
can troops and distinguished himself as strate-
gist and leader. This French print, showing him
directing troops against the British fortifica-
tions at Yorktown, was probably engraved soon
after December 1781, when he returned to
France to assist in the war against England.
Probably by Noel le Mire. LC-USZ6-820
THE RIGHT HONOURABLE THE MARQUIS DE
la FAYETTE, Unanimously chosen Comman-
dant of the National Guards. Engraved by S.
Hill [1790]
Mixed method 4 x 3^2 in. (image)
The verse below the portrait reads:
The brave FAYETTE, of late in foreign climes unfurl'd
The Gallic flag—and fought, to liberate a world:
Today, inspir'd by him, France breathes the godlike flame;
And millions, rang'd beneath his standard—Freedom
claim.
Translated from the French of
the Chen. P. de Berainville
From The Massachusetts Magazine, August
1790, frontispiece. Stauffer, 1370.
LC-USZ62-45525


§j|Henry Laurens, 1724-1792
144
Henry Laurens Esqr. president of the
American congress 1778. Painted by J. S.
Copley, R. A. Elect. 1782. Engraved by V.
Green Mezzotinto Engraver to his Majesty &
to the Elector Palatine. Published Octr. 1st.
1782 by J. Stockdale Bookseller, No. 181,
opposite Burlington House, Picadilly London.
Mezzotint 1^/2 x in.
Laurens had been President of the Continen-
tal Congress until December 1778, when he re-
signed due to a quarrel with Silas Deane. He
continued to work for the cause of independence
but was captured by the British while en route
to Holland with a treaty from Congress.
Charged with treason, he was placed in the
Tower of London for over a year, until Franklin
and Burke arranged his parole on December 31,
1781. He probably sat for this portrait shortly
after his release. Copley pictures Laurens as
an American aristocrat. On the table to his
right are "Ratification Treaties . . . May
1778," a letter ending "We pray God very dear
Friend and Wish to take You into his Holy
Keeping. Louis," a paper signed "Carlisle,
George Johnson, Wm. Eden" (the three peace
commissioners), documents reading "Confeder-
ation 1778" and "Congress 22d April 1778,"
and a paper signed "H. Laurens, President."
The columns surrounding the subject signify
classic stability; the landscape in the back-
ground could represent his native South
Carolina. LC-USZ62-5768
145
His Excellency Henry Laurens President of
Congress, and Minister Plenipotentiary for
treating of Peace with Grt. Britain. Pubd.
May 15th. 1783, by R. Wilkinson No. 58,
Cornhill London. B.B.E.
Mixed method 5^ x 4^4 in.
The artist drew this picture in the late
1770's, when Laurens was in Philadelphia.
From Du Simitiere, Portraits of the Generals
. . . (London, 1783), plate 2. LC-USZ62-45480
I46
Heny. Laurens Esqr. J. Norman Sc. [1784]
Mixed method 3^4 x iy£ in. (image)
Norman probably took this predominately
stipple engraving from the mezzotint of the
Copley portrait. From The Boston Magazine,
September 1784, frontispiece. Stauffer, 2339.
LC-USZ62-45284


^Charles Lee, 1731-1782
147
Charles Lee, Esqr. Major General of the
Continental-Army in America. Published as
the Act directs, 31 Octr. 1775, by C. Shepherd.
Thomlinson pinxt.
Mezzotint 14 x 10 in.
An idealized portrait with little resemblance
to Lee, whom the DNB describes as "tall and
remarkably thin with an ugly face and an
aquiline nose of enormous size." This portrait
was printed early in the war with the expecta-
tion that Lee would play a major role due to
his past experience in the French and Indian
conflict. The mezzotint was later copied by J.
M. Will in Augsburg and became the basis for
other portraits. Cannons and a flag with the
motto "An Appeal to Heaven" are in the back-
ground. CPPS 5296 LC-USZ62-3617
148
Charles Lee. Esqr. Americanischer General-
Major. [1778]
Etching 6^2 x 4 in.
A German engraving after the mezzotint
series cited in item 147. From Korn, Ges-
chichte der Kriege (Niirnberg, 1777-78), copy
2, p. 92. LC-USZ62-45268


I49

Charles Lee, Esqr. Major General of the Con-
tinental-Army in America. Ioh: Mich: Probst,
jun. fc. Iohan Michael Probst: exc. A.V.
[1776-178?]
Mixed method 11^4 x 8 in.
This engraving, which shows a European
background complete with ancient castle, re-
flects a German view of Lee, probably based on
his service in the Polish Army from 1769 to
1770. The poem below, in German and French,
expresses Lee's love of liberty and his hatred
of tyranny—the British Tory Government
in this case:
Niu Sclaven schmigen sich ins Joch der Tyranney.
Wir aber suchen uns die Freyheit zu erwerhen,
Und brechen mit Gewalt der Fesseln band entzwey;
Denn unser Wahlsprach heist nur Siegen oder sterben.
Seulement les Esclaves se rendent volonterement a
la Tyrannie,
mais nous cherchons dacquerir la liberte,
en rompent par force les sers que nous lient;
parceque notre Symbole dit, victoriset 6u
mourir.
LC-USZ62-45180
I50
Charles Lee Esqr. Major General of the
American Forces. [1780]
Etching 7^4 x 4^2 in.
This stylized portrait with ships bombarding
a fort in the background, commemorates no
specific place or incident. The awkward fitting
of the head to the body suggests that it is a
composite picture of head, body, and back-
ground. In item 204, an American engraver
used this same background and body with a
different head. From An Impartial History
of the War in America, v. 1 (London, 1780),
P. 3*9-
Another impression. From An Im-
partial History of the War in America, v. 1
(London & Carlisle, 1780), p. 319.
LC-USZ62-45253
48







151
General Lee. R. P[ollard] sc. Printed for T.
Robson, Newcastle, upon Tyne. [1780]
Mixed method 7 x 4^7 in.
Charles Lee in uniform with gorget. From
Murray, An Impartial History of the Present
War in America, v. 1 (Newcastle Upon Tyne,
1780), opposite p. 479. LC-USZ62-45302
Another impression. From Murray,
An Impartial History of the War in America,
v. 2 (Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1782), opposite
p. 202.
^Benjamin Lincoln, 1733-1810
152
The Honle. B. Lincoln, Esq. Major General
in the American Army. J. Norman Sc [1782]
Etching x 3^4 in. (oval image)
A lieutenant colonel of New England militia
in 1775, Lincoln had become one of Washing-
ton's leading major generals by 1777. John
Norman shows a heavy-set, solid-looking
officer in his engraving, reflecting the subject's
reputation as a reliable leader. From An
Impartial History of the War in America, v. 2
(Boston, 1782), copy 1, p. 385. Stauffer, 2340.
LC-USZ6 2-45 245
^Alexander Wedderburn
1st Baron Loughborough, 1733-1805
153
Lord Loughborough. Aug. 1780.
Mixed method 7^ x 4^ in.
The short biography accompanying this
picture stresses Loughborough's struggle to rise
from the status of a Scottish provincial to
that of a respected English peer. The ambi-
tious Wedderburn moved from the opposi-
tion to embrace the cause of Lord North, and
although he supported measures designed to
ensure justice to the common man, he made
"several warm speeches in favour of the coer-
cive steps taken against the Americans." As a
result, the opposition "styled him turn-coat
and weather-cock; in short, every opprobrious
epithet was freely bestowed upon him in every
publication on that side of the question."
From The London Magazine, August 1780,
p. 347-348. LC-USZ62-45275
^ George Macartney
Earl Macartney, 1737-1806
154
The Right Honble. Lord Macartney. Feb-
ruary 1781.
Mixed method 7^4 x 4 in.
A short accompanying biography stresses
Macartney's Irish background and his financial
prowess. Regarding his appointment as Com-
mander in Chief of Grenada, the Grenadines,
and Tobago (known as the Caribee Islands),
the article notes that he distinguished himself
by making Grenada an important and prof-
itable island and by resisting the forces under
Comte d'Estaing, who attacked the island in
1779. From The London Magazine, February
1781, p. 51. LC-USZ62-45314
Another copy (reversed). From
The Hibernian Magazine, March 1781, p. 113.
§|William Murray
1st Earl of Mansfield, 1705-1793
155
Earl Mansfield. June 1780.
Mixed method 7^4 x 4^2 in.
A lucid parliamentary debater, Mansfield
steadily adhered to a policy of coercion toward
the American Colonies. An accompanying
biography stresses his role in British internal
politics and mentions his opposition to the re-
peal of the Stamp Act. He maintained that the
49


colonists enjoyed "virtual" representation in
Parliament, and he drew up a protest against
the repeal. From The London Magazine, June
1780, p. 243-245. LC-USZ62-45274
^Richard Montgomery, 1738-1775
156
George Montgomery, Esqr Major General of
the American Armies. Kill'd at Quebec Deer.
31st. 1775. [August 1777]
Mixed method 7^ x 4^ in.
Having sold his commission in the British
Army to emigrate to America in 1772, Richard
Montgomery, represented here as George
Montgomery, went on to become a delegate to
the New York Provincial Congress and a gen-
eral in the Continental Army. He was killed
leading the attack on Quebec, December 31,
1775. From The Hibernian Magazine, August
1777, p. 513. LC-USZ62-45421
157
Rod-
General Montgomery. Printed for T.
son, Newcastle, upon Tyne. [1778]
Mixed method 6^8 x in.
Montgomery's ability and courage as a sol-
dier were praised in England after his death.
From Murray, An Impartial History of the
Present War in America, v. 2 (London, 1778),
P- T93-
Another impression. In Murray,
An Impartial History of the War in America,
v. 1 (Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1782), p. 533.
LC-USZ62-45231
158
Major Genl. Richd. Montgomery Slain in
Storming Quebec Decbr. 31st 1775 J. Norman
Sc. [1781]
Mixed method 5^ x 3^ in. (image)
This portrait by John Norman in the Amen-

ds
can edition of this book is modeled on the por-
trait of Gates found in the English edition.
Gates' scroll became a general's baton in the
portrait of Montgomery. Cf. item 84. From
An Impartial History of the War in America,
v. 1 (Boston, 1781), copy 2, p. 396.
Another impression. In v. 1, copy 1,
p. 383. Stauffer, 2340. LC-USZ62-45240


§§Gouverneur Morris, 1752-1816
159
Governeer Morris Esqr. Member of Con-
gress. Pubd 15th May 1783, by R. Wilkinson
No. 58 Cornhill, London. B.B.E. [1783]
Mixed method x \% in.
Although many aristocratic landholders in
New York had loyalist tendencies, Morris was
a wholehearted proponent of the American
cause and served in the New York Provincial
Congress, 1776-77, and the Continental Con-
gress, 1778-79. Du Simitiere drew the original
sketch for this engraving in Philadelphia. In
Du Simitiere, Portraits ojthe Generals (London,
1783), plate 9.
LC-USZ62-45482
^Frederick North
2d Earl of Guilford, 1732-1792
160
Miss Sp_c_r. [and] The Pliant Premier. Pub-
lished as the Act directs by A. Hamilton Junr.
near St. John's Gate, April 1st. 1778.
Mixed method 6^4 x \% in.
The career of Lord North is described as a
promising one until "a fatal misunderstanding
arose between the Mother-Country and the
Colonies." His affair with Charlotte Spencer
is seen as the cause of his mishandling the war:
Neither Putnam, Arnold, Gates, or Franklin, have once
disturbed his repose, since the fair, or, as in his billets he
calls her, the angelic S , has lulled our hero to slumber
in her arms.
From The Town and Country Magazine, March
1778, p. 121-123. CPPS 5501
LC-USZ62-45209
Another copy. Published as the Act
directs by T: Walker No. 79 Dame Street. 1778.
G: Byrne Sculpt. No. 43 Fishamble Street.
4 x 6^ in. The accompanying article is the

160
same as that in The Town and Country Maga-
zine. From The Hibernian Magazine, May 1778,
p. 260-262.
161
The Right Honble. Lord North. O Neale delint.
Octr. [1779I
Mixed method byi x 4^2 in.
A short biography accompanying this por-
trait describes North's loyal service to the King
and observes
... he has involved the nation year after year, deeper and
deeper in the fruitless and fatal American war; the whole
blame of which must have lain at his door, if he had not
eased himself very politically of part of the burthen by
drawing in Lord George Germaine to be Secretary of State
for the Colonies, who appears to have had the chief man-
agement of it since his appointment in 1775.
From The London Magazine, October 1779, p.
435. LC-USZ62-45503
162
Frederick lord North. Pollard sculp. Printed
for T. Robson, Newcastle, upon Tyne. [1780]
Mixed method Gjy& x 4 in.
From Murray, An Impartial History of the
Present War in America, v. 1 (Newcastle Upon
Tyne, 1780), p. 97. LC-USZ62-45299
—Another impression. From Murray,
An Impartial History oj the War in America,
v. 1 (Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1782), p. 212.


ggjames Otis, Jr., 1725-1783
163
The Hon. JAMES OTIS, jun. Esq: [1770]
Woodcut 4>2 x 2^2 in. (image)
Otis, a leader in Massachusetts politics, ex-
pressed his belief in writings and speeches dur-
ing the early 1760's that a law violating natural
law was void. A few months before this portrait
was published, he was wounded in a brawl with
British officials. His wound drove him tem-
porarily insane and ruined his political career.
This portrait of the notoriously huge man is
similar to the 1758 portrait by Copley and
features Hercules on left crushing a serpent
with his foot and Minerva on right holding a
staff- with a liberty cap. Cf. item 234. From
Bickerstaff, Boston Almanack (Boston, 1770),
title page. LC-USZ62-45327
^Sir Peter Parker, 1721-1811
164
Admiral Parker. Birrell sculp. Published
March. 10. 1786 by J. Fielding, Pater noster
Row.
Mixed method 7 x 4^ in.
An admiral in the British Fleet, Parker par-
ticipated in the disastrous attack on Charleston
in 1776 and was with Howe in the reduction of
Long Island. He retained a command in the
West Indies until 1782. From Andrews, History
of the War with America, France, Spain, and
Holland, v. 4 (London, 1785), p. 163.
LC-USZ62-45343
•§§Hugh Percy
2d Duke of Northumberland,
1742-1817
165
HUGH, Earl PERCY. [1778]
Mixed method 6% x 4 in.

Despite his disapproval of the Crown's
American policy, Percy joined Gage in Boston
in 1774 and became the popular commander of
the Northumberland Fusiliers. In April 1775
he covered the Army's retreat from Concord to
Charlestown. After disputes with Howe, in
1777 Percy requested and obtained his recall
from his post as general in America. From
Russell, History of America (London, 1778), p.
574. LC-USZ62-45225
166
Hugh Earl Percy. Pollard sc. Printed for T.
Robson, Newcastle upon Tyne. [1780]
Mixed method 7 x 4^ in.
Bust portrait facing partially right in oval.
From Murray, An Impartial History of the
Present War in America, v. 1 (Newcastle Upon
Tyne, 1780), p. 383. Similar to item 165.
167
Hugh, Earl Percy. Published Sepr. 30th 1785
by John Fielding, Pater Noster Row.
Mixed method 6>£ x 4% in.
Bust portrait facing partially right in oval.
Name on pedestal. From Andrews, History of
the War with America, France, Spain, and Hol-
land, v. 1 (London, 1785), p. 289. Same picture
as item 165.




, '(/„ ?//„*/,,,/_ X.
§§Charles (Stanhope), Viscount
Petersham
3d Earl Harrington, 1753-1829
168
Miss L n. [and] The Martial Lover. Pub-
lished as the Act directs by A. Hamilton Junr.
near St. John's Gate May 1, 1778.
Mixed method 4^ x 7 in.
The text accompanying this tete-a-tete de-
scribes the military career of Viscount Peter-
sham who was aide-de-camp to General Bur-
goyne at the time of the defeat at Saratoga.
According to the article, Petersham returned
to England a hero and helped defend Bur-
goyne's reputation. Miss L n met him
after his tour of duty in America and became
his mistress. From The Town and Country
Magazine, April 1778, p. 177-179. CPPS 5502
LC-USZ62-45210
ggWilliam Pitt
1st Earl of Chatham, 1708-1778
169
The Right Honourable WILLIAM PITT, Earl
of Chatham. [1772]
Woodcut i^i x 1% in. (image)
A
168
B ICKERSTJFh
BOSTOtf ALADNACK.
Fur the Year of our LORD,
1 7 7 2.
Being L E A f Y E A R.
I ht R;ght

PITT,
(fail firlt of Patriots! whofe extendi* mind.
Revolve* the valt conceruwenis «f mankind:
Contending realms accept coutraul from thee i
And BmroN'» glory hanvaao thy d<cree:
War. deal* dettruetion, ftuce her olive brings.
As thy I'npreme dirrrftion, governs Kings.
Where'er thou bid'tt, ilio wreiths ot' coitqtsefY tall,
The guide, the 1'iieui!, the guardian, oi'ui alt.
[primed hy JOHN FLEEMING, ..J
SI REST, opjofcc the SaLlk-Di
o U Sold it la, SHOT in KioC
r <£ the TOH .\-HOVS£.
l69
Popularly known as "the Great Commoner,"
William Pitt is here celebrated for his leader-
ship during the Seven Years' War and his con-
stant defense of the English Constitution. In
1776 he opposed the Stamp Act in Parliament.
Although he was retired because of illness at the
time of this portrait, he continued to work fcr
two favorite causes: he supported the dissenters
against the Anglican Church and advocated a
mutually profitable peace with the American
Colonies. Benjamin West, the publisher of this
almanac, must have wished for the return of
a government with Pitt's ideals rather than the
contemporary ministry. The poem below the
picture reads,
Hail first of Patriots! whose extensive mind,
Revolves the vast concernments of mankind:
Contending realms accept controul from thee;
And Briton's glory hangs on thy decree:
tVar, deals destruction, Peace her olive brings.
As thy supreme direction, governs Kings.
Where'er thou bid'st, the wreaths of conquest fall,
The guide, the friend, the guardian of us all.
This bust portrait is from a full-length portrait
painted by Richard Brompton. J. K. Sherwin
and Edward Fisher engraved a popular print
which was probably the model for this wood-
cut. From BickerstafT, Boston Almanack (Bos-
ton, 1772), title page. LC-USZ62-45326
170
The Rt. Hon. William Pitt, Chancellor of the
Exchequer. [1774]
Mixed method 7 x \% in.
Bust portrait facing partially right in oval
set into an oblong frame. A ribbon tied in a
bow is at top. From The Annual Register (Dub-
lin, 1774), P- 4H-

171
Secretary Pitt. [1774]
Mixed method 4^ x 3^ in.
From The Annual Register (Dublin, 1774),
p. 483. LC-USZ62-45206


172

E of Chatham. [1778]
Mixed method x 4^2 in.
The allegory accompanying this portrait
shows a despondent Britannia sitting amid the
symbols of commerce. The pillar has broken in
half, and the owl of wisdom and the caduceus
of Mercury are on the ground. Perhaps refer-
ring to Pitt's attempts to restore harmony with
the Colonies and the decline of this hope with
Pitt's death, the picture indicates that the out-
look for the Empire in 1778 was gloomy. From
Russell, History of America (London, 1778),
opposite p. 492. LC-USZ62-45223
173
William Pitt, il faut declarer la guerre
a la france. L. Binet del. L. S. Berthet Sculp.
[1782]
Etching 7^ x 4^ in.
This French print probably represents Pitt's
last public appearance. In poor health and
supported by crutches, he gave his last speech
in Parliament in April 1778. Pitt had long
advocated a more conciliatory attitude toward
the Colonies but was vehemently opposed to
making peace with the Americans under threat
of war with France. From Hilliard d'Auberteuil,
Essais historiques, v. 3 (1782), p. [14]. CPPS
5478 LC-USZ62-45335
^Richard Price, 1723-1791
174
The Subtle Seducer, [and] The American Finan-
cier. London, Publish'd by A. Hamilton Junr.
Fleet Street, Jany. 20, 1781.
Mixed method 4^4 x 7 in.
Dr. Richard Price, a scholar in philology and
antiquities, receives caviling treatment in the
article accompanying this portrait. His theories
on population, housing, and economics were
54


debunked by the article, which implies that his
ideas were welcomed by the Congress of the
Independent American States. Price had in-
tended to go to America but decided against it
when he married a lady much his junior. The
article states that she was desperate for any
husband and that the affair must be platonic
because of Price's age. From The Town and
Country Magazine, 1780, Supplement, p. 689-
691. CPPS 5864 LC-USZ62-45491
§jjlsrael Putnam, 1718-1790
175
Israel Putnam Esqr. Major General of the
Connecticut Forces, and Commander in Chief
at the Engagement on Bunckers-Hill near
Boston, 17 June 1775. Published as the Act
directs by C. Shepherd. 9 Sepr. 1775. J. Wilkin-
son pinxt.
Mezzotint 14 x 9^4 in.
Putnam's reputation as a fighter and an ex-
plorer made him a popular figure before the
war. When he left his plow to join the Ameri-
cans at Lexington, he was expected to play a
leading role in the fighting. Washington found
his ability at independent command to be
limited, and he was given fewer responsibilities
as the war progressed. This portrait, probably
by C. Corbutt, was printed when Putnam's
fame was at its zenith. It states that Putnam
commanded all the troops at Bunker Hill, but
in reality he shared the command with William
Prescott. Copies of the mezzotint were done in
France and Germany, and all the Putnam
engravings listed here are after the Corbutt
work. CPPS 5292 LC-USZ62-3618
176
Israel Putnam. Esqr. General-Major der
Americaner. [1778]
Etching dyi x 3^4 in.
From Korn, Geschichte der Kriege (Niirnberg,
1777-78), copy 2, p. 92. LC-USZ62-45267

55


177

General PUTNAM. [1780]
Mixed method x 4^4 in. (image)
Putnam wears a cap with skull and cross-
bones insignia and the words "or Liberty,"
signifying the slogan "Liberty or Death." From
An Impartial History of the War in America,
v. 1 (London, 1780), p. 336.
Another impression. From An Im-
partial History of the War in America, v. I
(London & Carlisle, 1780), p. 336.
LC-USZ62-45255
178
General Putnam. Printed for T. Robson,
Newcastle, upon Tyne. [1780]
Mixed method 7 x 4^4 in.
From Murray, An Impartial History of the
Present War in America, v. 1 (Newcastle Upon
Tyne, 1780), opposite p. 335.
Another impression. From Murray,
An Impartial History of the Present War in
America, v. 1 (Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1782),
opposite p. 479. LC-USZ62-45230
179
Israel Putnam, Eqer. major General des
Troupes de Connecticut. II commandoit en
chef a l'affaire de Bunckeshill pres Boston le
17 Juin 1775. A Paris chez Esnauts et Rapilly,
rue St. Jacques a la Ville de Coutances.
A.P.D.R. [178?]
Mixed method 7X x 5/^ m-
Probably by Dupin. LC-USZ62-45169
^Joseph Reed, 1741-1785
180
J. Reed. Drawn from the life by Du Simitier in
Philadelphia. Engraved by B. L. Prevost at
Paris. [1781]
Line engraving with etched border 7 x 5 in.






A Pennsylvania lawyer and statesman, Reed
served on the State committee of correspond-
ence and as president of the id Provincial Con-
gress. An advocate of moderation, when hos-
tilities began he espoused the cause of inde-
pendence and served as Washington's military
secretary and as adjutant general. In January
1777 he left the Army for a political career and
was active in the Continental Congress and in
Pennsylvania State politics. Du Simitiere
probably made the drawing from which this
print is taken in 1779. From Portraits des
generaux (Paris, 1781), plate 12. Plates from
this volume are in P&P. LC-USZ62-45178
l8l
General Reed. [December 1783]
Mixed method 7 x in.
The title of general in this item and the next
is derived from Reed's position as adjutant gen-
eral while a colonel in the Continental Army.
Bust profile facing left in oval, after Du Simi-
tiere. Similar to item 180. From The West-
minster Magazine, December 1783, opposite
p. 617.
182
General Reed. Member of Congress, Presi-
dent & Commander in chief of the State of
Pennsylvania. Pubd. May 15th 1783 by R.
Wilkinson No. 58, Cornhill, London. B.B.E.
[1783]
Mixed method 5^2 x 4^4 in.
Bust profile facing left. Similar to item 180.
In Du Simitiere, Portraits oj the Generals (Lon-
don, 1783), plate 8.
j^Guillaume-Thomas-Francois Raynal
1711-1796
183
guillaume thomas REYNAL. [178?]
Line engraving 5^ x 3^ in.
The Abbe Raynal, a French natural philoso-
pher whose fame did not survive the ages, is
known today primarily for his Histoire philo-
sophique (1770). His account of the American
Revolution was criticized by Thomas Paine in
A Letter Addressed to the Abbe Raynal on the
A fairs oj North America (1782). Probably by
Dupin. LC-USZ62-45189
■gj|George Brydges Rodney, 1719-1792
184
Sr. George Bridges Rodney. . . . Admiral of
the Blue & [Continental Fleet of his] Majesty's
Ships sent to protect our Trade [in the] West
Indies. [178?]
Mezzotint 12^4 x 9^ in. (image)
Rodney's command in the West Indies
was unimpressive until he captured Admiral
de Grasse in the Battle of the Saints in April
1782. Although he was a skilled tactician, his
unscrupulous attention to personal fortune
after the capture of St. Eustatius deprived
Admiral Hood of a sufficient fleet to relieve
Cornwallis at Yorktown. LC-USZ62-45200
185
Lord Rodney. Published 8 Deer. 1785, by
John Fielding, Pater Noster Row.
Mixed method x 4^ in.
From Andrews, History of the War with
America, France, Spain, and Holland, v. 4
(London, 1785), p. 277. LC-USZ62-45345
57


Robert Rogers, 1732-1795
186
Robert Rogers. Commandeur der Americaner.
[1778]
Etching 6^4 x 2H in-
A noted Indian scout from the New Hamp-
shire frontier and a colorful participant in the
Seven Years' War, Rogers was romanticized
in Europe and America. At the outbreak of the
Revolution, he courted both the British and
the Americans. His suspicions aroused, Wash-
ington had Rogers imprisoned in 1776. Escap-
ing to the British lines, Rogers was given com-
mand of the Queen's American Rangers and
when relieved of his command after a poor
showing in a skirmish near White Plains, acted
as a recruiter of loyalist troops. From Korn,
Geschichte der Kriege (Niirnberg, 1777-78),
copy 2, p. 92. LC-USZ62-45269. See CPPS
5339 for a description of the English and Ger-
man mezzotint which preceded this engraving.
^Philip John Schuyler, 1733-1804
187
Philip Schuyler Esqr. Majr. Genl. in the
American Service. Leney set. [179?]
Stipple 3^8 x 2^4 in. (image)
One of the four major generals appointed by
Washington in June 1775, Schuyler was as-
signed command of the Northern Department.
His contributions to the American cause were
considerable, but the loss of Fort Ticonderoga
in 1777 enabled his opponents in Congress to
remove him from command. Initially suspected
of treason, he was finally charged with incom-
petence, and although acquitted by a court-
martial, he resigned his commission. Schuyler
was active in securing ratification of the Con-
stitution and held public office continually
from 1780 to 1798. Stauffer, 1848.
LC-USZ62-45170


186

188

187
^William Fitzmaurice Petty
2d Earl of Shelburne, 1732-1805
188
Lord Shelburne. March [1780]
Mixed method 7^ x 4^2 in.
Shelburne attempted to improve Anglo-
American relations and prevent American in-
dependence throughout his career. Opposed to
the Stamp Act, he was active in its repeal. He
favored the withdrawal of English troops from
Boston in January 1775 and condemned other
measures designed to coerce the Americans.
From The London Magazine, March 1780, p.
99-100. LC-USZ62-45272
189
The Earl of Shelburne. [November 1782]
Mixed method 7 x \% in.
An accompanying biography stresses his
loyalty to the King and mentions his attention
to the problems of colonial merchants. From
The Universal Magazine, November 1782, p.
233-235. LC-USZ62-45422
58



^Frederick William Augustus
von Steuben, 1730-1794
190
Major General Baron Steuben. Pubd May
15th. 1783, by R. Wilkinson No. 58 Cornhill,
London. B.B.E. [1783]
Mixed method 5^2 x 4^ in.
Steuben, formerly an officer in the Prussian
Army under Frederick the Great, arrived in
America in 1777 to offer his services to the Con-
tinental Congress. As Washington's advisor, he
was instrumental in the training of troops for
the Continental Army. Steuben commanded
one of the three divisions at Yorktown, helped
Washington plan for the demobilization of the
Army, and became an American citizen after
the war. Du Simitiere sketched this portrait in
Philadelphia in 1779. From Du Simitiere,
Portraits of the Generals (London, 1783), plate
10. LC-USZ62-45483


§£Ezra Stiles, 1727-1795
191
Ezra Stiles s.t.d. l.l.d. President of Yale
College. Drawn, & Engraved by S. Hill, Bos-
ton. [1789-9?]
Stipple x in.
A prominent New England scholar, clergy-
man, and lawyer, Stiles became president of
Yale College in 1778. His interests went beyond
law and theology—he experimented with elec-
tricity, studied languages, and kept a detailed
diary of the Revolutionary era. As president of
Yale, he taught a variety of courses and enabled
the institution to survive the difficult times.
Stauffer, 1380. LC-USZ62-45171
I92
EZRA STILES S.T.D. LL.D. President of
Yale College. R[euben] Molthrop pinxt [Amos]
Doolittle sc. [178?]
Stipple 5^ x 3^ in.
Stauffer, 516. LC-USZ62-45190
^Pierre Andre de Suffren Saint-Tropez
1726-1788
SUFFREIN. Walker sculpt. Published July
20th. 1785, by J. Fielding, Pater-noster Row.
Mixed method x 4^ in.
Joining the French fleet of the Comte
d'Estaing in American waters in 1778, Suffren
engaged in successful battles against the British
at Newport, Grenada, and Savannah. When
England expanded the war to threaten Dutch
colonies in the East Indies, Suffren distin-
guished himself in that theater of the war. From
Andrews, History of the Present War with
America, France, Spain, and Holland, v. 4
(London, 1785), p. 320. LC-USZ62-45348

59



John Sullivan, 1740-1795
194
Major General John Sullivan, A distin-
guished Officer in the Continental Army.
Publish'd as the Act directs 22 Augt. 1776 by
Thos. Hart.
Mezzotint 13^ x 9^ in.
A delegate to the First and Second Continen-
tal Congresses, Sullivan participated in the in-
vasion of Canada and was an important figure
in the New York and New Jersey campaigns.
In 1779 he led an expedition into the Iroquois
country and routed Indian and loyalist forces
near Elmira, N.Y. After resigning from the
Army because of poor health, he returned to
the Continental Congress. He attended the
New Hampshire Constitutional Convention in
1782 and served as chairman of the New Hamp-
shire convention which ratified the Federal
Constitution in 1788. This portrait was en-
graved soon after the Quebec campaign by
C. Corbutt in London. Other mezzotints after
this one were done in Augsburg and Paris. See
CPPS 5337, 5338. LC-USZ62-39567
195
Major-General John Sullivan. [1778]
Etching 6^4 x 3^ in.
A German engraving after item 194. From
Korn, Geschichte der Kriege (Niirnberg, 1777-
78), copy 2, p. 104. LC-USZ62-45270
196
General Sullivan. Printed for T. Robson,
Newcastle, upon Tyne. [1778]
Mixed method 6^ x 4^ in.
From Murray, An Impartial History of the
Present War in America, v. 2 (London, 1778),
p. 241. LC-USZ62-45305
Another impression. From Murray,
An Impartial History of the War in America^
v. 2 (Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1782), p. 242.



i97
Lt. Col. Tarleton. Published April I, 1782,
by J. Walker, No. 20, Pater-noster Row.
Mixed method 6}i x 4^2 in.
Tarleton accompanied Cornwallis to America
early in 1776 and earned a reputation as a
dashing cavalry officer in many theaters of the
war. This portrait and a laudatory biography
appeared about the time he returned to Eng-
land on parole after being captured at York-
town. A picture of cavalry maneuvers appears
below the portrait. From The Westminster
Magazine, March 1782, p. 115.
LC-USZ62-45487
198
The amiable Miss W bb. [and] The intrepid
Partizan. London, Publish'd by A. Hamilton
Junr. Fleet Street Augt. 1, 1782.
Mixed method x 7 in.
Tarleton was a highly popular figure in
English society when this satirical portrait
appeared. An article accompanying the tete-a-
tete describes his career as having been success-
ful until "Fortune chose to check his ambition,"
and he was taken prisoner at Yorktown. Miss
Webb was apparently a fictitious person, who,
according to the article, secretly eloped with
Tarleton. From The Town and Country Maga-
zine, July 1782, p. 345-348. CPPS 6085
LC-USZ62-45493
Another copy. Publish'd as the Act
Directs by T: Walker No. 79 Dame Street.
4 x 63/£ in. From The Hibernian Magazine,
September 1782, p. 461-463.

.\ \ A

ZOH.
j£HGeorge Nugent-Temple-Grenville
2d Earl Temple, 1753-1813
199
Earl Temple. Publish'd Septr 30, 1782 by J:
Walker No. 44 Pater-noster Row.
Mixed method 6 x 4^4 in.
The accompanying article explains that
George Nugent-Temple-Grenville was the son
of George Grenville (1712-1770) and nephew
of Richard Grenville, 1st Earl Temple (1711—
1779). Upon marrying Lady Mary Nugent,
daughter of Earl Nugent, and inheriting his
uncle's estate and title, he assumed the addi-
tional names Nugent-Temple. As a member of
Parliament he supported Lord North's policy of
coercing the Colonies and was critical of the
conduct of the war in America. The 2d Earl
was appointed lord-lieutenant of Ireland and
became a member of the English privy council
in 1782, the date the portrait appeared as

frontispiece of The Westminster Magazine,
September 1782, opposite p. 449.
LC-USZ62-45488
61




£§Thayendanegea (Joseph Brant)
i742-1807
200
Joseph Thayendaneken The Mohawk Chief.
From an Original Drawing in the Possession of
James Boswell, Esqr: [1 July 1776]
Mixed method x 4^4 in. (image)
The Mohawk chief, popularly known as
Joseph Brant, was commissioned a colonel in
the British Army by Sir Guy Carleton and was
an active participant in Canadian border fight-
ing against the colonists. After the Revolution,
Brant received a grant of land in Ontario. He
wears a gorget with the British coat of arms,
as well as an ornament cross. An article accom-
panying this portrait describes the peaceful
and cooperative nature of his tribe and his
visit to London in 1775. From The London
Magazine, July 1776, p. 339. LC-USZ62-45500
^Charles Thomson, 1729-1824
201
Charles Thompson Esqr. Secretary to Con-
gress. Pubd. 15th. May 1783, by R. Wilkinson,
No. 58 Cornhill, London. B.B.E. [1783]
Mixed method 5^2 x 4>4 in.
Thomson was active in the Sons of Liberty,
and John Adams called him "the Sam Adams
of Philadelphia." He acted as secretary of the
First Continental Congress until the Federal
Constitution took effect. Du Simitiere made
the drawing for this print at Philadelphia in the
late 1770's. In Du Simitiere, Portraits of the
Generals (London, 1783), plate 5.
LC-USZ62-44786
^Edward Thurlow
1st Baron Thurlow, 1731-1806
202
Lord Thurlow.
Mixed method 7 x 4 in.
Thurlow, a British statesman, developed a
reputation as a constitutionalist, defending the
royal prerogative and supporting the ministry
plan for the government of Quebec. He was in-
flexible on the American question and through-
out the Revolution maintained the right of the
mother country at the expense of the Colonies.
His views made him popular with George III,
who appointed him Lord Chancellor in 1778.
From The London Magazine, November 1781,
p. 507. LC-USZ62-45316

203
^Charles Gravier
Comte de Vergennes, 1717-1787
203
Charles Gravier Comte de Vergennes Conseiller
d'Etat Ordinaire, Ministre et Secretaire d'Etat
et Chef du Conseil Royal des Finances. Callet
pinxt. Vangelisti sculp. Se vend a Paris a
l'ancienne grande Poste Rue des Fosses St.
Germain l'Auxerios. [1770-89?]
Steel engraving 17X x l3}i m- (image)
Intense hatred of the English and the desire
for revenge after the Seven Years' War led
Vergennes to support the American Colonies
in their struggle for independence. He secretly
aided the cause before the ratification of the
French Alliance in 1778 and was instrumental
in France's entry into the conflict. Vergennes
assumed the office of foreign minister in 1774
at the accession of Louis XVI. The portrait
includes a picture of Louis and a note addressed
to the King. The luxurious setting and attire
reflect Vergennes' prestige in the French
Government. Collection de Vinck 1228.
LC-USZ62-45183
62


Joseph Warren, 1741-1775
204
Major Genl. Joseph Warren. Slain at the
Battle of Bunker's Hill June 17th 1775. J.
Norman Sc [1781]
Mixed method 4 x in.
Warren, a physician, early identified himself
with the revolutionary cause in Boston. He was
a close associate of Samuel Adams, a member
of the North End Caucus and the Massachu-
setts Committee of Safety, and the drafter of
the Suffolk Resolves. A major general in the
militia, he served under Israel Putnam at the
Battle of Bunker Hill, where he died while
attempting to rally the American troops. From
An Impartial History of the War in America, v.
1 (Boston, 1781), copy 2, p. 349.
Another impression (partially col-
ored). In P&P. LC-USZ62-27694
x^nother impression. In v. 1, copy I,
p. 321.
205
Major General Warren. J. Norman Sc [1784]
Mixed method 3^ x 3^ in. (image)
After the Copley portrait dating ca. 1765.
From The Boston Magazine, April 1784, oppo-
site p. 221. LC-USZ62-45282
^George Washington, 1732-1799
206
George Washington, Esqr. General and
Commander in Chief of the Continental
Army in America. Published as the Act directs.
9. Sept 1775 by C. Shepherd London. Done
from an Original, Drawn from the Life by
Alexr. Campbell, of Williamsburgh in Vir-
ginia. Ioh. Martin Will excud. Aug. Vind.
Mezzotint 12^4 x 9^4 in. (image)

63



208
Alexander Campbell appears in no contem-
porary lists of artists, and Washington himself
stated that he had never seen the man. This
mezzotint and an equestrian portrait after
Campbell survive in British and German edi-
tions. Many other engravings follow the lines of
this early portrait for which Washington prob-
ably did not pose. Cf. items 207-208, 210, 212,
214, and perhaps 216. Baker, 49. CPPS 5290
LC-USZ62-3620
207
George Washington. Esqr. Americanischer
Generalissimus.
Etching x 4 in.
German engraving after the equestrian por-
trait by Campbell. The horse and battle in the
background have been deleted. From Korn,
Geschichte der Kriege (Niirnberg, 1777-78),
copy 2, p. 120. Baker, 48; Hart, 729.
— Another impression. In P&P.
LC-USZ62-45175
208
George Washington Eqer. General en Chef
de l'Armee Anglo-Ameriquaine, nomme Dic-
tateur par le Congres en Fevrier 1777. A Paris
chez Esnauts et Rapilly, rue St. Jacques, a la
Ville de Coutances. A.P.D.R.
Etching 7>^ x 5^ in.
A French engraving after Campbell and
probably by Dupin. Baker, 58; Hart, 743.
LC-USZ62-45177
Another impression. In Sackville,
Correspondence du Lord G. Germain (Berne,
1782), frontispiece.
209
The Glorious WASHINGTON and GATES.
[1778] Woodcuts
Woodcuts, both are 2^ x 1^ in. (image)
These portraits were published by Benjamin
64


West (1730-1813). He was an astronomer and
almanac maker and should not be confused
with the painter by this name, who was living
in England at the time of this print. From
Bickerstaff, Boston Almanack (Boston, 1778),
title page. LC-USZ62-45321
2IO
Genl. George Washington. [1778]
Mixed method 6^2 x 4^4 in.
After Alexander Campbell but without hat.
From Russell, History of America (London,
1778), opposite p. 522. Baker, 54; Hart, 740.
LC-USZ62-45261
211
GEORGE WASHINGTON. Commandant en
Chef des Armées des Etats-unis de l'Amérique.
N. Pruneau del. et Sculp. A Paris chez l'Auteur,
rue St. Jacques vis à vis le College du Plessis.
et chez Dennel graveur, rue du Pt. Bourbon
attent la Foire St. Germain. [177?]
Etching 6yi x 4^ in. (image)
Pruneau's Washington, after Peale, was
printed in the late 1770's. It and item 218 were
used as illustrations in many books of the times.
The portrait hangs from the staff of liberty with
an American rattlesnake entwined near the
liberty cap on top. Beneath are flags and ord-
nance. A bright sun shines from the upper right
corner. Baker 29; Hart 94. LC-USZ62-45186
212
GEORGE WASHINGTON, EQer. Général
en chef de l'Armée Anglo-Amériquaine nommé
Dictateur par le Congrès en Février 1777.
Desrais del LeBeau Sculp a Paris chez Esnauts
et Rapilly, rue St. Jacques à la ville de
Coutances. [177?]
Line engraving j^i x 4^5 in.
Baker designates this engraving as a com-
bination of the Peale and Campbell portraits.
Baker, 19; Hart, 747. LC-USZ62-45199

65


v. I (Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1780), p. 239.
Baker, 56; Hart, 742. LC-USZ62-45301

213
His Excellency George Washington Esqr. Cap-
tain General of all the American Forces. [1780]
Mixed method 4^ x y^i in.
This fictitious portrait might be related to
Peale's 1781 painting which also shows Wash-
ington leaning on a cannon. The pose, as well
as the background, is stylized. The military
camp also appears on item no. From An
Impartial History of the War in America (Lon-
don, 1780), p. 221. Baker, 418; Hart, 760.
Another impression. In An Impar-
tial History of the War in America (London &
Carlisle, 1780), p. 221. LC-USZ62-45250
214
General Washington. Printed for T. Robson,
Newcastle, upon Tyne. [1780]
Mixed method 7 x 4 in.
After the Campbell portrait. From Murray,
An Impartial History of the War in America)
Another impression. In Murray,
An Impartial History of the Present War in
America, v. 2 (Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1782),
p. 61.
Another impression. In P&P.
215
General Washington. Painted by J. Trum-
bull Esqr. of Connecticut 1780. Engraved by
V. Green, Mezzotinto Engraver to his Majesty
& to the Elector Palatine. Engraved from the
Original Picture in the Possession of M.
De Neufville of Amsterdam. Published by
appointmt of M. De Neufville Janry 15th 1781,
by V. Green, N29, Newman Street, Oxford
Street, London.
Mezzotint 24^ x 15^ in.
John Trumbull was commissioned an aide-
de-camp to Washington in 1775 and later
served under other commanders. He received
some art education and in 1780 went to Europe,
where he painted his first full-length portrait
of Washington. For the remainder of his life
he pursued military, artistic, and political in-
terests in Europe and America. Ships in the
background bombard a fort, and beneath the
picture an Indian holds the crest of Washing-
ton. Baker, 147; Hart, 84. LC-USZ62-45197
2l6
His Excy. George Washington Esqr. Captain
General of all the American Forces. J. Norman
[1781]
Mixed method 6 x 3^4 in. (image)
This portrait is by Norman after a similar
one in the English editions of this book. The
book, however, is markedly different and might
be after a Peale portrait. Cf. item 213. From
An Impartial History of the War in America
(Boston, 1781). Copy in P&P. Baker, 419;
Hart, 761. LC-USZ62-45172




213
2l6
6?


217


218


217

G. Washington. J. Trumbull Pinx. Ta. le Roy
Sculp. [1782]
Etching 9^4 x 6^4 in.
After Trumbull. Cf. item 215. From Hilliard
d'Auberteuil, Essais historiques, v. 3 (1782),
p. [6]. Baker, 151; Hart, 85. LC-USZ62-45330
218
GEORGE WASHINGTON. Commander in
Chief of ye Armies of ye UNITED STATES
of AMERICA. Engrav'd by W. Sharp, from
an Original Picture. London, Published accord-
ing to Act of Parliament Feby. 22d. 1783 by
J. Stockdale Piccadilly.
Mixed method 6y£ x 4^ in. (image)
This engraving is the reverse of item 211 with
the addition of the words "Dont Tread On
Me." From The Constitutions of the Several
Independent States of America (London, 1783),
frontispiece. Baker, 35; Hart, 92. CPPS 5641
LC-USZ6 2-45319
219
His Excellency General Washington Com-
mander in Chief of the united States of North
America &c. B.B.E. Pubd. May 15th. 1783 by
R. Wilkinson, No. 58 Cornhill, London.
Mixed method 4^ x 3^ in. (image)
Du Simitiere made the drawing for this por-
trait at Philadelphia in the late 1770's. Copy in
P&P. Baker, 65; Hart, 75.
Another impression. In Du Simi-
tiere, Portraits of the Generals (London, 1783),
plate 1. $l/2 x 434, in. LC-USZ62-45479
220
[George Washington] J. Norman Sc [1784]
Mixed method 7 x 4^ in.
The explanation of the symbolism in this
frontispiece to The Boston Magazine for April
1784 states:
68


Nature stands ready to strike the Lyre, while the Genius
of Liberty presents a medal of the illustrious man who hath
defended her standard in this new World. Fame blows her
trumpet, and Astrea finds a part of the earth where she
may fix her residence.
In this portrait of Washington after Peale, 13
stars surround his head. Hart, 57; Stauffer,
2353. LC-USZ62-45278
221
I. General Washington. 2. General Gates. 3.
Dr. Franklin. 4. Prasid Laurens. 5. Paul Jones.
D. Berger Sculp. 1784.
Etching 4>2 x 2^ in.
The German engraver has portrayed Wash-
ington and Gates after Du Simitiere, Franklin
after Cochin, Laurens after Copley, and Jones
after Notte. In Sprengel, Allgemeines his-
torisches Taschenbuch (Berlin, 1784), p. 182 ff.
Hart, 79. LC-USZ62-45517
222
Gen. Washington. Wm. Angus Sc. Published
Sepr 23, 1785 by J. Fielding Pater Noster Row.
Mixed method 7 x 4^ in.
After Peale. From Andrews, History of the
War with America, France, Spain, and Holland,
v. 1 (London, 1785), opposite p. 354. Baker, 3;
Hart, 38.
Another impression. In P&P.
LC-USZ62-45176
22.3
GENERAL WASHINGTON. J. Trenchard
Sept. [1787]
Etching 6yi x 2H in. (image)
Washington's seal surmounted by a crown
appears below this portrait after Peale. A rib-
bon under the seal reads, "Exitus Acta Probat."
From The Columbian Magazine: or Monthly
Miscellany, January 1787, opposite p. 205.
Baker, 37; Hart, 839. LC-USZ62-45510

69


224

His Excel: G: WASHINGTON Esq: L.L.D.
Late Commander in Chief of the Armies
of the U.S. of AMERICA & PRESIDENT
of the CONVENTION of 1787. Painted &
Engrav'd by C. W. Peale. 1787.
Mezzotint 7^ x 5^ in.
Charles Willson Peale wished to express
patriotic enthusiasm for his former commander
and also show his approval of the Constitu-
tional Convention, which was then sitting at
Philadelphia. This mezzotint and others in the
series by Peale were part of an attempt to rival
the thriving print trade of London, but the
scarcity of craftsmen and proper material made
this difficult and unprofitable. See Richardson,
p. 174. Baker, 1; Hart, 3b. LC-USZ62-45181
225
[Silhouette of George Washington and bust
profile of Benjamin Franklin] 1788.
Etching x 7 in.
A letter to the editor of The Columbian Maga-
zine called attention to Johann Lavater's Essai
sur physionomie, probably the 1781-86 edi-
tion, in which he produced profiles resembling
Washington and Franklin and analyzed their
characteristics. The following selections are
quoted from Lavater in the magazine:
The first of these profiles [Washington], says Lavater,
indicates a sound judgment; freedom from prejudices, and
a heart that opens itself to truth, which it imbibes and
cherishes. It designates, likewise, taste, or, if you please, a
sense of beauty. The original must be distinguished by an
indefatigable activity—a man who acts with prudence,
and always with dignity.
With respect to the second profile [Franklin], continues
our author; it may be exhibited as the model of a Thinker,
full of sagacity and penetration. This happy physiognomy
characterizes, to a miracle, a mind which can elevate itself
without the trouble of extraordinary exertions: it bespeaks
a man who prosecutes his designs with a rational persever-
ance, but is, at the same time, exempt from a conceited
obstinacy.
Lavater claimed that he never knew these men
personally and had picked the portraits at


random without an awareness of whom they
portrayed. The writer of the letter to the editor
notes a "strong likeness to two of the most dis-
tinguished citizens of America." From The
Columbian Magazine, March 1788, p. 144-145.
Hart, 810. LC-USZ62-45514
226
G. WASHINGTON, generaal der noord-
americaanen. Reinr Vinkeles, sculp, naar een
Origineel Schildery, by den Wei Ed. Heer P.
van Winter, Nic:z. [178?]
Etching G}4 x \yi in.
After Peale. Baker, 39; Hart, 56.
LC-USZ6 2-4 5174
227
WASHINGTON. Généralissime des Améri-
cains, Libérateur des Etats-Unis. Contem-
porain et Ami du Général Lafayette. Dessiné
par Bonnieu d'après un Tableau fourni par
M. le Marquis de la Fayette. Gravé par [Justus]
Chevillet [178?]
Line engraving 14^ x 11 in.
After Peale. Baker, 6; Hart, 29.
LC-USZ6 2-45194
228
S.E. GEORGE WASHINGTON. Général en
Chef des Armées des Etats unis de l'Amérique.
Le B. Pinx. J.L. Sculp. [178?]
Line engraving 12 x 8 in.
After Peale. Baker, 18; Hart, 39.
LC-USZ62-45193
229
LE GENERAL WASHINGTON. Ne Quid
Detrimenti capiat Res publica. Gravé d'après
le Tableau Original appartenant a Mr. Marquis
de la Fayette. Cette Estampe ce Vend avec
privilège du Roy à Paris chez le Mire Graveur
rue et porte St. Jacques. Maison de Mr. le



Camus Md. de Drap. prix 11 livres. Peint par
L. le Paon Peintre de Bataille de S.A.S. Mgr.
le Prince de Conde. Grave par N[oel] le Mire
des Academies Imperiales et Royales et de celle
des Sciences et Arts de Rouen. [178?]
Line engraving 16^4 x in. (image)
In this portrait after Peale, Washington
holds the Declaration of Independence and the
Treaty of Alliance with France. Documents
relating to British attempts at reconciliation
lie torn at his feet. A military camp is in the
far background. Baker, 21; Hart, 31.
LC-USZ62-963
Three other impressions. In P&P.
Two have imprint cropped.
230
Washington. [1790?]
Etching $]/2 x 2H in> (image)
Washington and the magistrates step on a
flag with the crest of England. In the back-
ground people cheer from windows, and ships'
masts are visible in the distance. This engrav-
ing is probably by a German and contemporary
with Washington's resignation from the Army.
LC-USZ62-45173
^Anthony Wayne, 1745-1796
231
The Honle. Anthony Wayne, Esqr. Major
General in the American Army. J. Nor Sc.
[1782]
Etching 4^ x 2lA in. (image in oval)
A brigadier general, Wayne was given com-
mand of the Pennsylvania Line in 1777, and
although he was humiliated by the British at
Paoli, his capture of the British garrison at
Stony Point earned him a Congressional Medal.
He participated in the battle of Yorktown and
ended his Revolutionary career in the southern
campaigns of Gen. Nathanael Greene. From


An Impartial History of the War in America,
v. 2 (Boston, 1782), copy I, p. 193. Stauffer,
2357. LC-USZ62-45242
^George Whitefield, 1714-1770
232
George Whitefield. M.A. Elisha Gallaudet
Sculp. N. York. 1774
Mixed method 5^ x m-
Whitefield, a noted evangelist in both Eng-
land and America, showed remarkable preach-
ing ability from the beginning of his illustrious
career. Closely associated with the Colony of
Georgia, where he founded an orphanage, he
traveled throughout America, participating in
and perpetuating the religious "Great Awaken-
ing." This posthumous depiction of Whitefield
shows him preaching in a church; often, how-
ever, he spoke outdoors, drawing large crowds
from all social classes. From Gillies, Memoirs
of the Life of the Reverend George Whitefield
(New York, 1774), frontispiece. Stauffer, 1025.
LC-USZ62-45 506
233
Parrawankaw. [and] Dr. Squintum. [1769]
Mixed method 4 x in.
Whitefield made many enemies, particularly
among religious conservatives. In 1760 Samuel
Foote burlesqued Whitefield, who had a pro-
nounced squint in one eye, as "Dr. Squintum."
Numerous caricatures followed, attempting to
discredit a man who seems to have been morally
above reproach. The young Indian woman, re-
ported in The Town and Country Magazine as
the mother of numerous Whitefield offspring,
was probably a figment of the editor's imagina-
tion. From The Town and Country Magazine,
supplement, 1769, opposite p. 673. CPPS 4363
LC-USZ62-45489

73


jggjohn Wilkes, 1727-1797
234
JOHN WILKES, Esq; [1769]
Woodcut (retouched with ink) 4^ x 3^2 in.
The figures framing this portrait of Wilkes
are also found on the title page of the Boston
Almanack for the following year, framing a
picture of James Otis. (Cf. item 163). On the
next page of the 1769 volume, the printer ex-
plains that Wilkes is "crowned with Laurel"
and "supported by Britannia in the dress of
Minerva, the Goddess of Wisdom . . . and by
Hercules, the God of Strength." Underneath is
a serpent, "Emblem of Envy, which Hercules
is treading under his feet ... a Cupid, with the
Cap of Liberty ... A Shield with St. George's
Cross, representing the arms of England . . ."
and two books designated "Lockes Works" and
"Sidney on Government." The description ends
by explaining Wilkes' role as a defender of
"Liberty" and "Republican Principles." At
this time WTilkes was among the leaders of the
opposition against the King's ministers in
Parliament and supported the cause of the
American colonists. From Bickerstaff, Boston
Almanack (Boston, 1769), title page.
LC-USZ6 2-453 22
jgg>David Wooster, 1711-1777
235
David Wooster, Esqr. Commander in Chief
of the Provincial Army against Quebec. Lon-
don, Published as the Act directs 26, March
1776, by Thos. Hart.
Mezzotint 13^ x 9^ in-
General Wooster, an elderly veteran of the
French and Indian War, led Connecticut troops
in 1775. He was found to be incompetent in the
Canada invasion and returned to Connecticut,
where he was killed opposing the Danbury
Raid, 1777. This early mezzotint, probably by

236
C. Corbutt, was copied by J. M. Will in Augs-
burg and is the model for the other portraits of
Wooster in this list. CPPS 5332
LC-USZ62-3621
David Wooster, Esqr. Commander, bey der
Provincal. Armee in America. [1778]
Etching 6% x 3^4 in.
This German version is based on the preced-
ing English portrait of Wooster. Neither pic-
ture reflects his true age at the time of the
Revolution. From Korn, Geschichte der Kriege
(Niirnberg, 1777-78), copy 2, p. 104.
LC-USZ6 2-45 271
237
Major General David Wooster. [1780]
Etching 7^ x 4^ in.
From An Impartial History of the War in
America (London & Carlisle, 1780), p. 400.
LC-USZ62-45257
Another impression. In An Impar-
tial History of the War in America (London,
1780), p. 400.



Portraits of Types
238
An Indian Warrior Entering his Wigwam with
a Scalp. Barlow, Sc. [1789]
Etching 7 x \% in.
In the background of this stylized portrait,
an Indian scalps a fallen soldier and Indians
fire from ambush at two startled soldiers. From
Anburey, Travels Through the Interior Parts of
America, v. 1 (London, 1789), opposite p. 291.
LC-US Z62-45 547
239
Sauvage du NO. de la Louisiane. [1750]
Etching lyi x 1^4 in. (image)
Border ornament for a map entitled "Carte
des Nouvelles Découvertes au Nord de la Mer
du Sud, tant a l'est de la Sibérie et du Kamt-
chatka, qu'a l'ouest de la Nouvelle France."
From P. Santini, Atlas universal dressé sur les
meilleures cartes modernes, v. 1 (Venice, 1776-
84), no. 44. LC-USZ62-45593
Another impression with similar
title. In Guillaume de L'Isle, Atlas géographique
et universal, v. 2 (Paris, 1784), no. 115. Phillips
655.
76


240

A Real American Rifle Man. [1780]
Mixed method 6^4 x 4^4 in. (image)
British fascination with American riflemen
is reflected in this conventional portrait. On
the cap a skull and crossbones and the words
"or liberty" portray one of the most popular
slogans of the day, "Liberty or Death." The
initials "CC" on the ammunition pouch desig-
nate a soldier in the service of the Continental
Congress. From An Impartial History of the
War in America, v. 1 (London & Carlisle, 1780),
p. 212. LC-USZ62-45249
— Another impression. From An Im-
partial History of the War in America, v. 1
(London, 1780), p. 212.
241
1. Americanischer Scharffschutz oder Jager
(Rifleman) 2. regulaire Infanterie von Pensyl-
vanien. D. Chodowiecki Id. D. Berger Sc.
[1784]
Etching (hand colored) 4^2 x 2^ in.
A German portrayal of an American rifle-
man or "sharpshooter" and a regular soldier of
the Pennsylvania Infantry. Found in Sprengel,
Allgemeines historisches Taschenbuch (Berlin,
1784), p. 182 ff. LC-USZ62-45520
242
1. General Washington's reitende Leibgarde.
2. die independent Company, Chef General
Washington. D. Chodowiecki Id. D. Berger Sc.
[17M
Etching (hand colored) 3^ x iy& in.
Washington's lifeguard, officially known as
the Commander in Chief's Guard, was or-
ganized on March 12, 1776. The second soldier,
a member of an independent company under
Washington's command, is dressed in the garb
characteristic of Continental officers. Found in
Sprengel, Allgemeines historisches Taschenbuch
(Berlin, 1784), p. 182 ff. LC-USZ62-45519





Chapter II
Events
243
Die Americaner wiedersetzen sich der Stempel-
Acte, und verbrennen das aus England nach
America gesandte Stempel-Papier zu Boston,
im August 1764. D. Chodowiecki inv. et del.
Etching x 2 in. (image)
Throughout August 1765 and during the
months following, many kinds of protests
against the Stamp Act flared up in America.
Most of the people merely refused to handle
the stamps, but militants in Boston burned
the proclamations from England, destroyed
Crown property, and frightened officials and
their families. Number one in a series. The
date 1764 in the caption is incorrect.
Another copy. Engraved by D.
Berger after Chodowiecki. LC-USZ61-449
Another impression. In Sprengel,
Allgemeines historisches Taschenbuch (Berlin,
1784).
244
A SACHEM of the Abenakee Nation, rescuing
an English Officer from the Indians. [1768]
Woodcut iyi x 5^4 in. (image)
An Indian holds back two others who had
intended to slay an Englishman. The story
which accompanies this picture tells of a
British officer who was held captive by the
Indians for one winter and was returned to
his own people by the old man who had saved
him. The Abnaki, who once occupied parts of
Maine, New Brunswick, and Quebec, were
faithful allies of the French. They were almost
annihilated in the French and Indian War.
From Bickerstaff, Boston Almanack (Boston,
1768), p. E2. LC-USZ62-45552
245
A Prospective View of the Town of Boston,
the Capital of New-England; and the Landing
of—Troops in the Year 1768, in Consequence
of Letters from Gov. Bernard, the Commis-
sioners, &c. to the British Ministry. P. Revere
[1770]
Woodcut 3 x 5^ in. (image)
On October 1, 1768, two regiments of British
regulars under General Gage disembarked at
Boston to quell disorders caused by the Sons
of Liberty. This print portrays the British
ships Beaver, Senegal, Martin, Glasgow, Mer-
maid, Romney, Lanceston, and Bonetta. Boston
is in the background. From Edes & Gill's
North-American Almanack, and Massachusetts
Register (Boston, 1770), frontispiece.
LC-USZ62-45559
246
The Bloody Massacre perpetrated in King
Street Boston on March 5th. 1770 by a party
of the 29th. REGt. Engrav'd, Printed, &
Sold by Paul Revere, Boston. [1770]
Etching (hand colored) 7^4 x 8^4 in. (image)
Revere's famous print of the "Boston
Massacre" shows seven British soldiers firing
their rifles into a patriot mob. This bloody
scene made an effective propaganda piece
and was widely circulated. An impassioned
poem beneath the print reads as follows:
Unhappy Boston! see thy Sons deplore,
Thy hallow'd Walks besmear'd with guiltless
Gore:
While faithless P n and his savage Bands
With murd'rous Rancour stretch their bloody
Hands;
Like fierce Barbarians grinning o'er their Prey,
Approve the Carnage, and enjoy the Day.
If scalding drops from Rage from Anguish Wrung
If speechless Sorrows lab'ring for a Tongue,
Or if a weeping World can ought appease
The plaintive Ghosts of Victims such as these
The Patriots copious Tears for each are shed.
A glorious Tribute which embalms the Dead.
But know, Fate summons to that awful Goal,
Where Justice strips the Murd'rer of his Soul:
Should venal C ts the scandal of the Land,
Snatch the relentless Villain from her Hand.
Keen Execrations on this Plate inscribed,
Shall reach a Judge who never can be brib'd.
LC-USZ62-35522
79


247

The Massacre perpetrated in King Street
Boston on March 5th. 1770, in which Messrs
Saml. Gray, Saml. Maverick, James Caldwell,
Crispus Attucks, Patrick Carr were Killed,
six others Wounded, two of them Mortally.
[1770]
Mixed method j^s x 4^2 in.
A copy of the "Boston Massacre," based on
the Pelham-Revere print. This picture appears
as the frontispiece for A Short Narrative of
The Horrid Massacre in Boston, Perpetrated In
the Evening of the Fifth Day of March 1770, by
Soldiers of the XXIXth Regiment, Which, with
the XIVth Regiment, were then Quartered There.
With Some Observations on the State of Things
Prior to that Catastrophe. Printed by Order of
the Town of Boston: London, Re-printed for
E. and C. Dilly, in the Poultry; and J. Almon,
in Piccadilly, M.DCC.LXX.LC-USZ62-45554
248
Die Einwohner von Boston wersen den
englisch-ostindischen Thee ins Meer am 18.
December 1773. [1784]
Etching ij/i x 2 in. (image)
Late in the evening of December 16, 1773,
a group of Bostonians, disguised as Indians,
swarmed onto ships in the harbor and dumped
342 chests of tea overboard. The date is wrong
on this print. Number two in a series by
"D[aniel N.] Chodowiecki inv. et del."
Another copy. Engraved by D.
Berger after Chodowiecki. LC-USZ61-450
Another impression. In Sprengel,
Allgemeines historisches Taschenbuch (Berlin,
1784).
249
JOHN MALCOM. Dessine et Grave par F.
Godefroy de l'Academie Imple. et Rle. de
8o


Vienne &c. A Paris chez Mr. Godefroy rue
des Francs-bourgeois, Porte St. Michel. Et
chez Mr. Ponce, rue St. Hiacinte, No. 19.
A.P.D.R.
Etching y}4 x %]A in.
John Malcolm, a customs officer in Boston,
was tarred and feathered on January 27, 1774.
The explanation below the picture describes
the scene and identifies England's attempt to
tax the Colonies as a cause of the Revolution.
From Ponce, Recueil d' estampes representant
. . . (Paris, 1784?), plate 2. Collection de Vinck,
1164. LC-USZ62-45556
Another impression, an earlier
state, and a wash drawing of the same picture.
In copy 3, in the Rare Book Division.
250
PREMIERE ASSEMBLEE DU CONGRES.
Dessine par le Barbier Peintre du Roi. Grave
par Godefroy de l'Academie Imple. et Royale
de Vienne &c. [1782]
Mixed method 6% x 3} $ in. (image)
The First Continental Congress met on
September 5, 1774, in Carpenter's Hall,
Philadelphia. This stylized, French engraving
distinguishes no recognizable individuals ex-
cept, perhaps, Peyton Randolph, president, on
the elevated chair and Charles Thomson,
secretary, at the table. From Hilliard
d'Auberteuil, Essais historiques, v. 3 (1782),
p. [2]. LC-USZ62-45328
251
Das erste Burger Blut, zu Griindung der
Americanischen Freyheit, vergossen bey
Lexington am ioten April 1775. [1784]
Etching iyi x 2 in. (image)
In this German print of the initial engage-
ment of the Revolution, British soldiers fire
on command into an undisciplined group of
Massachusetts militiamen. Number three in a


251



252 Engraving
82


series by "D[aniel N.] Chodowiecki inv. et
del." The Battle of Lexington.
LC-USZ62-26669
Another copy. Engraved by D.
Berger after Chodowiecki.
Another impression. In Sprengel,
Allgemeines historisches Taschenbuch (Berlin,
1784).
252
JOURNEE DE LEXINGTON. Dessine et
Grave par F. Godefroy de rAcademie Imple.
et Rle. de Vienne &c. A Paris chez Mr. Gode-
froy, rue des Francs Bourgeois, Porte St.
Michel, et chez Mr. Ponce, rue St. Hyacinthe,
au No. 19. A.P.D.R. [1784?]
Etching 7^ x 8^2 in.
An exaggerated view of the Battle of Lexing-
ton, with the British right wing retreating
from charging militia. The standard above the
troops in the center is the British Union Jack.
The biased account below describes the attack
as a coldblooded massacre. From Ponce,
Recueil d'estampes representant . . . (Paris,
1784?), plate 3.
Two other impressions, an earlier
state, and a wash drawing of the same picture
done in reverse (four pictures) are in copy 3
in the Rare Book Division. The negative num-
ber for the engraving is LC-USZ62-39582; the
number for the wash drawing is LC-USZ62-
39583.
253
View of The ATTACK on BUNKER'S HILL,
with the Burning of CHARLES TOWN,
June 17. 1775. Drawn by Mr. Millar. Engraved
by [John?] Lodge.
Etching SJ4 x ii^ in.
The patriot performance in the Battle of
Bunker Hill, which was actually fought on
Breed's Hill, rallied the Colonies, spurred the

83



Continental Congress into action, and banished
any real hope of reconciliation. The ships in
the foreground supporting the landing are the
Falcon, the Lively, the Somerset, and the
Glasgow. A British battery on Copp's Hill
in Boston is firing rockets into Charlestown.
From Barnard, History of England (London,
1783) , p. 687. Copy in P&P. LC-USZ62-8624
Another copy. 4^4 x %}4 in. The
print has no decorative border and includes
the following notations: "A. Boston Battery,"
"B. Charles Town," "C. British Troops
attacking," and "D. Provincial Lines." From
Cockings, The American War, A Poem
(London, 1781), frontispiece.
254
Die erste formliche Action zwischen den
Americanern und Englandern bey Bunkers
Hill am i7ten. Junius 1775. [1784]
Etching 2^ x 2 in. (image)
Number four in a series by "D[aniel N.]
Chodowiecki inv. et del." The Battle of
Bunker Hill.
Another copy. Engraved by D.
Berger after Chodowiecki.
Another impression. In Sprengel,
Allgemeines historisches Taschenbuch (Berlin,
1784) .
255
The Death of Warren. M Inv. Norman Sc:
[1776]
Etching lYz x 4^ in.
Joseph Warren (1741-1775), a Boston phy-
sician and major general of the militia, was
mortally wounded in the Battle of Bunker
Hill. In the pre-Revolutionary period he
distinguished himself as a political writer and
orator. It was Warren who drafted the Suffolk
Resolves, and in April 1775 he succeeded
84


John Hancock as president of the Massa-
chusetts Provincial Congress. From Bracken-
ridge, The Battle of Bunkers-Hill (Philadelphia,
1776), frontispiece. LC-USZ62-45535
256
Contemplez l'ouvrage de pouvoir arbitraire.
Le Barbier l'aine inv. del. Patas sculp. [1781]
Mixed method x 3^ in. (image)
An imaginary depiction of a eulogy at the
funeral of Dr. Joseph Warren by "Nelson"
(Perez Morton?), who exhibits the body to his
countrymen. From Hilliard d'Auberteuil,
Essais historiques (1781-82), opposite p. 229.
Another impression. From Hilliard
d'Auberteuil, Essais historiques, v. 3 (1782),
p. [7]. 9X x 6)4 in. LC-USZ62-45331
257
The Town of Falmouth, Burnt, by Captain
Moet, Octbr. 18th 1775. [John Norman]
Line engraving 5% x 11% in. (image)
The burning of Falmouth (now Portland),
Maine, by Capt. Henry Mowat was a result of
Adm. Samuel Graves' frustration over the
activities of American privateers and his
inability to support the British garrison at
Boston. From An Impartial History of the War
in America^ v. 2 (Boston, 1782), copy 1,
frontispiece. LC-USZ62-45238
258
Son merite personnel l'emporte sur toutes les
considerations. Le Barbier l'aine del. N. Ponce
sculp. [1782]
Etching Gyi x 3^4 in.
Idealized view of the funeral of Richard
Montgomery (1738—1775), a Continental gen-
eral killed in the abortive attack on Quebec
on the night of December 31, 1775. Surveying
the scene of battle the following day, the British

85





recognized Montgomery's body and gave it a
decent burial. From Hilliard d'Auberteuil,
Essais historiques, v. 3 (1782), p. [9].
LC-USZ6 2-4533 2
259
Richtige Abbildung der den Americanischen
Probinzialisten belagerten und wiedereroberten
Hauptstadt und Festung Boston in America,
im Monat Merz 1776.
Woodcut 7 x iiyZ in. (image)
German woodcut of the British evacuation
of Boston, which took place on March 17,
1776. The evacuation was by tacit agreement,
not under the kind of duress depicted here. On
the back of the print is a description of the
evacuation and a personal letter.
LC-USZ62-45549
260
The attack of the Fort on Sulivan's Island the
28. June 1776. [1776?]
Water color drawing 7^ x 15 in. (image)
On June 28, 1776, an American garrison
stationed at a hastily constructed palmetto
fort on the southern tip of Sullivan's Island
in Charleston Harbor, S. C, prevented
British ships under Adm. Sir Peter Parker
from attacking the city. The fort, then known
as Fort Sullivan, was later named after the
officer who directed its defense, Col. William
Moultrie. On the back of this drawing, a note
reads "Painted by Henry Gray, who was a
Lieutenant in the 2 Regiment which fought
the battle of the 28th June 1776 against the
British Fleet: and who was wounded in that
engagement." Endpiece in Drayton, Memoirs
of the American Revolution . . . relating to the
State of South-Carolina . . . (Charleston, S.C.,
1821). LC-USZ62-33995
86


26l
Der Congress erklert die 13 vereinigten
Staaten von Nord-America fur independent,
am 4ten July 1776 [1784]
Etching 2}i x 2 in. (image)
Number five in a series by "D[aniel N.]
Chodowiecki inv. et del." The Continental
Congress. LC-USZ62-26670
Another copy. Engraved by D.
Berger after Chodowiecki.
Another impression. In Sprengel,
Allgemeines historisches Taschenbuch (Berlin,
1784).
262
The Manner in which the American Colonies
Declared themselves Independant of the King
of England, throughout the different
Provinces, on July 4, 1776. Hamilton delin. 261
Noble sculp. [1783]
Mixed method \2}4 x 8^8 in. (image)
A horseman reads the Declaration of Inde-
pendence to a cheering crowd. A sign reading
"America Independant. 1776" is being posted
on the wall at the left. From Barnard, History
of England (London, 1783), p. 689. This
copy in P&P. LC-USZ62-11336
263
La destruction de la statue royale a
nouvelle yorck. Die Zerstorung der Konig-
lichen Bild Saule zu Neu Yorck. A Paris chez
Basset Rue St. Jacques. [177?]
Etching (hand colored) 9 x l$% in. (image)
On the evening of July 9, 1776, American
troops in New York assembled to listen to the
reading of the Declaration of Independence.
In the excitement that followed, soldiers and
civilians pulled down an equestrian statue of
George III which stood on the Bowling Green

87



at the foot of Broadway. This fictitious view
of the affair, probably by Andre Basset l'aine,
was widely reprinted in Europe.
LC-USZ62-22023
264
The Phoenix and the Rose Engaged by the
Enemy's Fire Ships and Galleys on the 16
Augst. 1776. Engrav'd from the Original
Picture by D. Serres from a sketch of Sir
James Wallace's. Publish'd according to Act of
Parliament April 2, 1778 by J. F. W. Des Barres
Esqr.
Aquatint with etching 14^ x 23^ in.
During the initial stages of the New York
campaign, two British vessels, the 40-gun
Phoenix and the 20-gun Rose, along with the
schooner Tryal and two tenders, moved up the
Hudson River to cut off patriot communica-
tions with New Jersey. On August 16 the
Americans attacked the larger vessels with
fire ships. The attack failed, but it so alarmed
the British commander that he ordered his
squadron to rejoin the main fleet in New York
Harbor. The Atlantic Neptune. LeGear 10317,
v. 2, no. 24. LC-USZ62-45594
265
A View of New York, Governors Island, the
River &c. from Long Island. Published as the
Act directs by A. Hamilton Junr. near St.
Johns Gate Novr. 1, 1776.
Etching 4^ x in.
A panoramic view of the Battle of Long
Island, August 27, 1776. From The Town and
Country Magazine, October 1776, p. 537. This
picture is a copy of "A South West View of
the City of New York" (item 552), drawn by
Thomas Howdell and engraved by P. Canot
for Scenographia Americana (London, 1768),
with troops and more ships added.
LC-USZ62-45417
88


266
Débarquement des troupes engloises a
nouvelle yorck. Die Anlândung der Englis-
chen Trouppen zu Neu Yorck. Se vend à
Augsbourg au Négoce commun de l'Académie
Impériale d'Empire des Arts libereaux avec
Privilege de sa Majesté Impériale et avec
Defense ni d'en faire ni de vendre les copies.
Gravé par Francois Xav. Habermann. [177?]
Etching (incompletely hand colored) 11 ^
x 16 in.
British troops disembark at New York fol-
lowing the patriot evacuation of the city,
September 15, 1776. The caption above the
picture (French only) is mirror image. From
"Collection des prospects." LC-USZ62-45372
267
L'entré triumphale de troupes royales a
nouvelle yorck. Der Einzug der Kônig-
lichen Volcker in Neu Yorck. Se vend à Augs-
bourg au Négoce commun de l'Académie
Impériale d'Empire des Arts libereaux avec
Privilege de Sa Majesté Impériale et avec
Defense ni d'en faire ni de vendre les Copies.
Gravé par Francois Xav. Habermann. [177?]
Etching (hand colored) 9^ x 15^ in.
British troops march in triumph through the
streets of New York. The caption above the
picture (French only) is mirror image. From
"Collection des prospects." LC-USZ62-26673.
— A copy reversed and smaller. Line
below titles reads: "A Paris chez J. Chereau
rue St. Jacques au desous de la Fontaine St.
Severin au 1 Colonnes. No. 257."
268
Representation du feu terrible a nou-
velle yorck. Se vend a Augsburg au Négoce

89


x:»ioy ■i.i.H'.'jow k ajaiH/rarr u:i > m /u>i i ,vi\'.t<':i;i<i:-i>i

comun de l'Académie Impériale d'Empire
des Arts libereaux avec Privilege de Sa Majesté
Impériale et avec defense ni d'en faire ni de
vendre les copies. Gravé par Francois Xav.
Habermann. [177?]
Etching (hand colored) n$4 x i6yi in.
(image)
New York burns, while people evacuate
buildings and red-coated soldiers molest green-
shirted citizens suspected of spreading the
blaze. The following explanation, in German
and French, appears below the picture:
Schrôckenvolle Feuersbrunst welche zu Neu Yorck von
denen Americanern in der Nacht vom 19 Harbst Monath
1776. angeleget worden, wodurch aile Gebàude aus der
West Seite der neuer Bôrse langst der Broochstrent biss
an das Kônige Killegui mehr als 1600. Hausser, die
Dreysaltigkeits Kirche, die Lutherische Kappelle u. die
ATmen Schule in Asche verwandelt worden.
Représentation du Feu terrible a Nouvelle Yorck, que les
Américains ont allumé pendent la Nuit du 19 Septembre
1776 par le quel ont été brûlés, tous les Bâtiments du
Coté de Vest, a droite de Bôrse dans la Rue de Broock
jusqu'au College du Roi et plus que 1600. maisons avec
L'Fglise de la Ste Trinité la Chapelle Luthérienne et
I.'I^.cole des pauvres.
The account blames the Americans for the
conflagration, which actually occurred on the
night of September 20-21, but the true origin
of the fire has never been determined. An
estimated 493 houses were destroyed, causing
untold suffering among British soldiers and
Tories. This print was made for a vue d'optique.
——— Another impression. For a different
viewing process; holes have been cut in the
flaming sections and backed with red, trans-
parent paper. No explanation printed.
Another copy. This print is a
reverse of the previous two and is smaller in
size. Title above picture is mirror image. Only
the French legend appears at the bottom,
with the notation: "A Paris chez Basset Rue
S. Jacques au coin de la rue des Mathurins."
Probably by André Basset l'ainé.
LC-USZ62-42
90


269
INCENDIE DE NEW-YORK. Dessine par
le Barbier, Peintre du Roi. Grave par L.
Halbou. 1782
Etching 6% x 3^6 in. (image)
The burning of New York, September 20-21,
1776. From Hilliard d'Auberteuil, Essais
historiques, v. 3 (1782), p. [12].
LC-USZ62-45333
270
The American General Lee taken Prisoner by
Lieutenant Colonel Harcourt of the English
Army, in Morris Country, New Jersey, 1776.
Hamilton delin. Hawkins sculp. [1783]
Mixed method 11% x in.
Charles Lee, a major general in the Conti-
nental Army, was captured at Basking Ridge,
N. J., December 13, 1776. Formerly an officer
in the British Army, Lee was ordered returned
to England to stand trial as a deserter, but
Gen. William Howe was of the opinion that
he had resigned his half pay before he joined
the rebellion. Evidence available today sug-
gests Lee committed treason against the
Americans during his captivity. He was
exchanged in April 1778. From Barnard,
History of England (London, 1783), p. 690.
LC-USZ6 2-45309
271
Die Hessen, vom General Washington am
25ten Dec: 1776. zu Trenton iiberfallen,
werden als Kriegsgefangne in Philadelphia
eingebracht. [1784]
Etching x 2 in. (image)
Hessian soldiers captured in the Battle of
Trenton being taken to Philadelphia. Number
six in a series by "D[aniel N.] Chodowiecki
inv. et del." LC-USZ62-19419
Another copy. Engraved by D.
Berger after Chodowiecki.



Another impression. In Sprengel,
Allgemeines historisches Taschenbuch (Berlin,
1784).
272
View of the West Bank of the Hudson's River
3 Miles above Still Water, upon which the
Army under the command of Lt. General
Burgoyne, took post on the 20th. Sepr. 1777.
(Shewing General Frazer's Funeral.) Pub-
lish'd as the Act directs, Jany. 1, 1789, by
William Lane, Leadenhall Street, London.
Barlow sculp.
Etching g^i x 17 in.
Brig. Gen. Simon Fraser (1729—1777), who
participated in General Burgoyne's invasion
of New York, was mortally wounded in the
action at Bemis Heights, popularly known as
the Second Battle of Saratoga, October 7,
1777. Fraser was buried in one of the British
redoubts, and during the funeral services, the
Americans, unaware of what was taking place,
directed a heavy fire against the work. From
Anburey, Travels Through the Interior Parts of
America, v. 1 (London, 1789), opposite p.
433. LC-USZ62-31881
273
A View of the Saw-Mill & Block House upon
Fort Anne Creek, the property of Genl.
Skeene, which on Genl. Burgoyne's Army
advancing, was set fire to, by the Americans.
Publish'd as the Act directs, 1 Jany. 1789 by
W. Lane Leadenhall Street London.
Etching 7^ x 9% in.
Philip Skene (1725-1810), a New York
loyalist, land baron, and merchant, figured
prominently in General Burgoyne's offensive.
The destruction of his sawmill near Fort
Anne by the patriots in their retreat before
Burgoyne's advancing army was one of many
financial reverses he suffered during the
92




274 engraving
274 zvash
Revolution. Eventually, Skene's entire wilder-
ness empire, which included sawmills, found-
ries, and shipyards, was either destroyed or
confiscated. From Anburey, Travels Through
the Interior Parts of America, v. 1 (London,
1789), opposite p. 350. LC-USZ62-45548
274
Sarratoga. Dessine par Fauvel. Grave par
Godefroy de l'Academie Imperiale et Royale
de Vienne &c. [1784?]
Etching 7ft$ x S}4 in.
The surrender of Gen. John Burgoyne at
Saratoga, October 17, 1777- The account
below the picture treats the surrender as the
climax of defeat for two British armies, and a
footnote mentions Jane McCrea's death,
which was a contributing factor in Burgoyne's
defeat. Miss McCrea, the fiancee of a Tory
soldier with Burgoyne, was slain by a Wyandot
Indian escorting her to the main British camp.
Skillful use of the incident by American propa-
gandists produced an unusually large turnout
of New England militia. From Ponce, Recueil
d'estampes representant . . . (Paris, 1784?),
plate 4. Collection de Vinck 1167.
Another impression (LC-USZ62-
39584), an earlier state, and a wash drawing
(LC-USZ62-39585) of the same are in copy 3,
in the Rare Book Division.
9.3



275
Die Americaner machen das Corps des General
Bourgoyne zu Gefangnen, bey Saratoga, am
i6ten. Octobr 1777. [1784]
Etching x 2 in. (image)
German view of Burgoyne's surrender at
Saratoga. Number seven in a series by "D[aniel
N.] Chodowiecki inv. et del." LC-USZ62-39564
Another copy. Engraved by D.
Berger after Chodowiecki.
Another impression. In Sprengel,
Allgemeines historisches Taschenbuch (Berlin,
1784).
276
Lady Harriet Ackland. Drawn & Engraved by
Robt. Pollard. London. Pubd. Novr. 15;
1784 by R. Pollard No. 7. Brayne's Row Spa
Fields. Aquatinta by F. Jukes.
Engraving and aquatint 15 x 20^ in. (image)
Lady Christian Henrietta Carolina Acland
(1750-1815), wife of Maj. John Dyke Acland
(d. 1778), a British politician and commander
of grenadiers in Burgoyne's army. The follow-
ing note appears below the picture:
This amiable Lady accompanied her Husband to Canada
in the year 1776, & during two campaigns under went
such fatigue & distress as female fortitude was thought
incapable of supporting, and once she narrowly escaped
with her life from her Tent which was set on fire in the
Night. The Event here commemorated deserves to be
recorded in History. In the unfortunate action between
G. Burgoyne and G: Gates Octr. 7; 1777, Major [John D.]
Ackland [also Acland] was wounded & made Prisoner,
when his Lady received the news she formed the heroic
Resolution of delivering herself into the hands of the
Enemy that she might attend him during his Captivity.
Eor this purpose, with a Letter from G. Burgoyne to G.
Gates, accompanied by the Rev. Mr. Brudinell who carried
a Flag of Truce, one female servant, & her husband's
Valet, she rowed down Hudson's River in an open boat
towards the American Camp, but Night coming on before
she reached their out posts the Guards on duty refused to
receive her & threatened to fire upon her if she moved till
morning. In this dreadful situation for 7 or 8 dark & cold
hours, she was compelled to wait on the Water half dead
with anxiety & terror. The morning put an end to her
distress, she was received by Gen. Gates & restored to her
husband with that politeness & humanity her sex, quality,
& virtue so justly merit.
In early 1778 Lady Harriet returned to England
with her husband, who had been placed on
parole. Acland died later the same year from
an illness brought on by exposure during a duel.
LC-USZ62-45566
277
Dr. Franklin erhalt, als Gesandter des
Americanischen FreyStaats, seine erste Audienz
in Frankreich, zu Versailles, am 2oten Martz
1778. [1784]
Etching iY% x 2 in. (image)
German view of Benjamin Franklin's re-
ception by the French Court. Number eight
in a series by "Dfaniel N.] Chodowiecki inv.
et del." LC-USZ62-19420
Another copy. Engraved by D.
Berger after Chodowiecki.
—Another impression. In Sprengel,
Allgemeines historisches Taschenbuch (Berlin,
1784).

278
L'Escadre francoise sortant de la Mediter-
ranee le 16. Mai 1778. [Pierre Ozanne]
Wash drawing 9 x 15^-2 in.
In this view the French fleet of Comte
d'Estaing leaves the Mediterranean, May 16,
1778, 12 days after the ratification of the
French Alliance by Congress, to encounter
the British off the American coast. The follow-
ing identifications are included in the legend
below the title:
A Le Mont Gibraltar. B Le Mont aux Singes.
C Corvette Angloise mettant en panne dans la baye
de Gibraltar en envoyant son canot a Terre.
D Batiments hollandois sortant de la Mediteranee.
Ozanne Collection, no. 1. LC-USZ62-7698





279
279

L'Escadre franchise entrant dans la Delaware
et chassant la fregate la Mermaid. [1778?]
[Pierre Ozanne]
Wash drawing 9 x 15^ in.
Four ships veer away from the French
fleet to pursue the British ship Mermaid. Cape
Henlopen lighthouse is in the center of the
picture. Comte d'Estaing arrived at Delaware
Bay on July 8, 1778, reconnoitered, and de-
parted for New York. Ozanne Collection, no. 9.
LC-USZ6 2-904
280
L'Escadre francoise mouillee devant New-
york, bloquant l'Escadre Angloise et inter-
ceptant les Batimens qui vouloient y entrer.
Le 12 juillet 1778. [Pierre Ozanne]
Wash drawing gyi x 15^ in.
The French fleet is anchored outside New
York in an attempt to blockade the British
vessels in the harbor and prevent supply ships
or reinforcements from entering. Identified
are Sandy Hook with its signal light and the
Shrewsbury shore where the legend says two
French officers met a Quaker who delivered a
letter from D'Estaing to General Washington.
Ozanne Collection, no. 2. LC-USZ62-899
281
The Sea Fight between Keppel and D'Orvil-
LIERS. [1780]
Etching 9^ x 6^2 in.
In July of 1779, Admiral Keppel engaged
the French fleet of the Count d'Orvilliers.
Foggy weather and winds made the encounter
difficult. The cautious D'Orvilliers passed
ahead of the British, and Keppel, not pursuing
them, was accused of "flying before the
French." (DNB) From Cowley, Ladies History
of England (London, 1780), opposite p. 677.
LC-USZ62-45234
96






282
L'Escadre francoise entrant dans Newport
sous le feu des Batteries et forcant le passage
le 8 Aoust 1778. Jour que les Americains
passerent sur l'lsle de Rode Island par le
chemin d'howland's Ferry. [1778] [Pierre
Ozanne]
Wash drawing g}4 x 15^ in.
This print depicts the episode of August 8,
1778, when D'Estaing led his fleet up the
Middle Passage at Newport, Rhode Island.
The British ships burning in the background
right, among them the Cerberus, Juno, Orpheus,
Lark, and Falcon, had been destroyed when
Admiral Suffren led two frigates up the east
Sakonnet Passage. Sullivan's forces, meanwhile,
had crossed over from Tiverton to land on
Rhode Island. Also identified by the legend are
282 Goat Island and Conanicut Island. After an
auspicious start, however, the attack on New-
port ended in a decided Franco-American
failure upon the arrival of Lord Howe's fleet
from New York. Ozanne Collection, no. 3.
LC-USZ6 2-900
283
283
Moment de l'apres midi du 11 Aoust 1778. Le
coup de vent en se declarant empeche le
Combat; le signal de le commencemt. etoit
vire. [1778] [Pierre Ozanne]
Wash drawing 9^ x 15^4 in.
On August 11, 1778, D'Estaing's fleet
reversed direction and left the Middle Passage
to encounter the fleet of Lord Howe and
Adm. John Byron arriving from New York,
but a strong gale prevented any decisive action.
D'Estaing left three frigates to defend the
American land troops at Newport. Ozanne
Collection, no. 4. LC-USZ62-901
98


284
Le Vaisseau le Languedoc dématé par le coup
de vent dans la nuit du 12'. attaqué par un
Vaisseau de Guerre Anglois l'après midy
du 13 Août 1778 [1778] [Pierre Ozanne]
Wash drawing 9 x 16 in.
The legend below this print describes how
the French ship Languedoc lost her mast during
the night when the winds also broke her rudder.
Captain Dawson ordered the British warship
the Renown to attack but ceased firing before
nightfall: "Le Renown cessa de lui-même le
combat contre le Languedoc, rien ne l'empe-
choit de le continuer; la soirée fut longue et la
nuit très belle." Osanne Collection, no. 5.
LC-USZ62-902
285
Le Vaisseau le Languedoc rematé en pleine
mer ainsi que le Marseillois avec des mats
d'hunes rejoints par tous les Vaisseaux et
les Frégates de l'Escadre, le Vaisseau le
César excepté; et faisant route le 17 Aoust
1778. [1778] [Pierre Ozanne]
Wash drawing 9^ x 15^4 in.
On August 14 D'Estaing returned to New-
port and Howe to New York. Most of the
damage suffered was due to the weather, but
the weaker British fleet had "thoroughly
outgeneralled the stronger" French fleet
(Mahan, Sea Power). The Languedoc (fifth
from left) was provided with sails fashioned
from the top masts* of other vessels in the
fleet. The Marseillais (fifth from right) also
received new sails while on the high seas. A
captured English vessel, the Senegal, appears
third from the right. Ozanne Collection, no. 6.
LC-USZ6 2-903


99


286

The Siege of Rhode Island, taken from Mr.
Brindley's House, on the 25th. of August,
Etching 6yi x 9 in.
Washington directed Gen. John Sullivan to
attack Gen. Robert Pigot's small force which
was occupying Rhode Island. The French fleet
under D'Estaing failed to blockade the harbor,
and when the ships withdrew, the Americans
ceased their atack. This picture shows
Sullivan's forces advancing against Newport
on August 25, 1778; three days later he began
his retreat. This print is found in P&P and
was originally from The Gentleman s Magazine,
February 1779, p. 100-101. LC-USZ62-16834
287
PRISE DE LA DOMINIQUE. [Bertaux
aqua forti] Grave par Godefroy de l'Academie
Imple. et Royale de Vienne &c. a Paris ches
Godefroy rue des Francs-bourgeois Porte St.
Michel et ches Ponce rue Hiacinte Avec
Privilege du Roi. [1784?]
Etching 7% x 8^6 in.
The French began their campaign in the
West Indies with the seizure of the island of
Dominica in the Leeward Islands. The Marquis
de Bouille, Governor of Martinique, landed
with about 2,000 men and overcame the 500
British defenders of Dominica on September
7, 1778. Surrender was obtained by the French
offer of generous terms, but the account below
this view emphasizes the military success of
zealous French troops. From Ponce, Recueil
d'estampes representant . . . (Paris, 1784?),
plate 5. Collection de Vinck 1168.
LC-USZ62-45288
Two earlier state impressions and a
wash drawing of the same are in copy 3, in
the Rare Book Division.
IOO


288
L'Escadre franchise mouillee a Boston rematant
les Vaisseaux. [1778] [Pierre Ozanne]
Wash drawing 9^4 x 15JA in.
Anchored at Boston in the fall of 1778, the
French fleet was repaired. Visible is the
Languedoc, foreground left, receiving a new
mast from the Protecteur, foreground right.
The Vaillant, first from right in the back-
ground, gave her masts to the Protecteur and
sought native wood from the shore. Long
Island, appearing in the center middleground,
is the site of French workshops. The Comte
d'Estaing left Boston on November 4, 1778.
Ozanne Collection, no. II. LC-USZ62-905
289
Vue de l'attaque de L'Isle de Ste. Lucie le 15.
et le 17 Xbre 1778. [1778] [Pierre Ozanne]
Wash drawing gyi x 15^ in.
The British captured the island of St. Lucia
in the West Indies in December 1778. Al-
though D'Estaing, coming from Boston, had
9,000 men, Admiral Barrington landed three
detachments on the island before the arrival
of the French and so skillfully positioned them
as to be able to repulse the French attack.
Shown on this picture is the Morne Fortune
on the left, the Morne de la Vigie on the right,
and the town of Carenage between them.
(Now called Castries, this port has an excellent
landlocked harbor.) French troops are visible
in the center foreground, but British troops
occupy both bluffs. Ozanne Collection, no. 7.
LC-USZ6 2-7702
290
St. Lucia in the West Indies taken Possession
of by Admiral Barrington Monsieur de
Micoud and the Inhabitants having Capitu-
lated the 30th. of December, 1778, being the

101



day after Count d'Estaign left the Island
much disconcerted. Engraved for Barnard's
New Complete & Authentic History of
England; A Work Universally Acknowledged
to be the Best Performance of the Kind,—on
account of It's Impartiality, Accuracy, New
Improvements, Superior Elegance, &c. Hamil-
ton delin. Thornton sculp. [1783]
Etching x %}4 in.
Troops being rowed ashore from six British
ships anchored off Saint Lucia. The town in
the background is probably Castries, and the
French fort above it is newly occupied by the
British. From Barnard, History of England
(London, 1783), opposite p. 693.
LC-USZ62-45310
2Q0
29I

a tt.-

29I
Vue de la Baye de Kings-town, Isle de St.
Vincent et de la prise de cette Isle par les
francois sous les ordres de Mr. le Chevr. de
Rumain lieutent. de Vaisseau charge de cette
expedition par Mr. d'Estaing le 16 juin 1779.
[1779] [Pierre Ozannel
Wash drawing 83^ x 15^ in.
While Admiral Byron was occupied convoy-
ing British merchant ships, D'Estaing was
easily able to take the island of St. Vincent
in the Windward Islands on June 16, 1779.
This view of Kingstown Bay shows the town of
Kingstown, protected by British batteries at
the mouth of the bay. Chevalier du Romain's
troops are seen landing on the island, and
the three sloops that transported them are
identified as captured British vessels, the
Lively, the Weazle, and the Lilly. Ozanne
Collection, no. 19. LC-USZ62-7699
292
L'armee francoise Mouillee aupres de L'Ance
Molenieu [Point] dans l'isle de la Grenade Et
faisant le debarquement des Troupes le 2
Juillet 1779 [1779] [Pierre Ozanne]
Wash drawing 9 x 15^ in.
102


On July 4, 1779, D'Estaing took the island
of Grenada. This picture portrays the landing
of the French troops on July 2, and the point
is identified as "L'Ance Molenieu." The town
and fort of St. George are visible on the right.
This is the first drawing in a series which depicts
engagements between the French and British
from July 2, 1779, to July 22, 1779. Their
sequential numbers in the Ozanne Collection
are: 15, 16, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, and 17. Ozanne
Collection, no. 15. LC-USZ62-7700
293
Vue du fort et Ville de St. George dans l'isle
de la Grenade et du Morne de l'hopital em-
porte d'assaut par les troupes francoises aux
ordres du vice-Amiral d'Estaing. le 4 Juillet
1779 [1779] [Pierre Ozanne]
Wash drawing 9 x 15^2 in.
French troops under D'Estaing are pictured
attacking the "Morne de l'hopital," the bluff
in the foreground. A British battery on the
bluff behind fires toward the sea to protect
the channel against the French fleet. St.
George and its fort are visible below the bluff
to the left. Ozanne Collection, no. 16.
LC-USZ62-7697
294
L'armee francoise Mouillee aupres de l'ance
Molenieu dans L'isle de la Grenade le 6
Juillet 1779 Premiere Position Moment ou
les fregates de decouverte signalait L'armee
Ennemie a 3 heures du matin [1779] [Pierre
Ozanne]
Wash drawing 9^ x 15^ in.
The French fleet appears in the center fore-
ground, off the island of Grenada. The British
fleet is barely visible on the horizon at the
far left. Reconnaissance vessels precede the
fleet. On the far right is St. George, also barely
visible. Ozanne Collection, no. 8.
LC-USZ6 2-7694



104


295
Plan du Combat de la Grenade gagne par
Mr. Le Cte. d'Estaing sur l'Amiral Byron
le 6. Juillet 1779. A Paris chez Esnauts et
Rapilly rue St. Jacques a la Ville de Coutances.
[1779]
Etching (hand colored) 14^ x 20^ in.
On July 6 D'Estaing defeated Admiral Byron
at Grenada. The batteries of Fort St. George
fire upon the approaching English vessel. The
French vessels in the foreground position
themselves in a line while Admiral Byron's
fleet arrives behind them and engages them in
combat. Five English vessels in the back-
ground are retreating.
296
PRISE DE L'ISLE DE LA GRENADE.
Dessine par le Paon Peintre de S.A.S. Mgr. le
Prince de Conde. Grave par Godefroy de
l'Academie Imperiale et Royale de Vienne &c.
A Paris chez Mr. Godefroy, rue des Francs-
Bourgeois, Porte S. Michel, et chez Mr. Ponce,
rue St. Hyacinte, maison de M. Debure.
A.P.D.R. [1784?]
Etching 7^ x 8^ in.
D'Estaing was victorious over Admiral
Byron and took Grenada from the British.
The scene depicts French officers cutting off
their epaulets and affixing them to the shoulders
of grenadiers who had behaved courageously
during one of the battles. The account below
the picture identifies the men involved in
receiving honors and lists the wounded and
dead officers. The report of the battle stresses
the valor of the French and the heroism of
D'Estaing who "triompha sur terre et sur mer
en moins de 60 heures." From Ponce, Recueil
cCestampes representant . . . (Paris, 1784?),
plate 7. Collection de Vinck 1170.
LC-USZ62-45290
Another impression, two earlier
states, and a wash drawing of the same picture
are in copy 3, in the Rare Book Division.




297
L'Armee francoise Combattant L'Armee
Angloise a bord oppose Troisieme Position.
[1779] [Pierre Ozanne]
Wash drawing g}4 x 15^ in.
The battle for Grenada continues as the
British fleet, in line closest to the island,
encounters the French fleet, advancing from
the foreground. In the background left is a
British convoy; two vessels from the convoy
are on their way to join the fleet in battle.
St. George is barely visible in the background
right. Ozanne Collection, no. 10.
LC-USZ62-7693
298
L'Armee francoise faisant signal aux Vaux.
sous le Vent de Virer de bord pour se mettre
en ligne Et attendre l'Armee Angloise a.
petites Voiles pour la Combattre au meme
Bord. Quatrieme Position. [1779] [Pierre
Ozanne]
Wash drawing 9% x 15^2 in.
The British fleet is obliged to put about
and attack the rear guard of the French fleet
in the foreground. The French ships are signal-
ling the vessels to leeward to tack about to
form a line and wait for the British so as to
attack from the same side at once. The British
convoy remains in the background left. Fort
St. George, background right, is firing on a
British ship. Ozanne Collection, no. 12.
LC-USZ62-7706


299
L'Armee francoise courant en Echiquier pour
Rejoindre L'Armee Angloise Et tacher de
couper les trois Vaisseaux desempares restes
de l'arriere qui rejoignait leur Armee. Sixieme
Position [1779] [Pierre Ozanne]
Wash drawing gyi x 1$}4 in.
The legend explains that the British fleet,
avoiding combat, has left Grenada far in the
right background. The French fleet here sails
in bow and quarter line to catch up with the
British and to cut off the three disabled ships
seeking to rejoin the other vessels of the fleet.
Ozanne Collection, no. 13. LC-USZ62-7696
300
L'Armee francaise courant en Echiquier et
Combattant les Vaisseaux desempares restes
de l'arriere qui Rejoignait leur Armee. Septieme
Position. [1779] [Pierre Ozanne]
Wash drawing g}4 x 15^2 in.
The French fleet continues in pursuit of the
British vessels and fires upon the disabled
English ships. Grenada is in the background.
Ozanne Collection, no. 14. LC-USZ62-7701

*####v###>##^ x
299

# # # # ^ *
Mi
IO7


301


302
L'Armee francoise allant reconnoitre a St.
Cristophe, l'Armee Angloise, s'assurant du
mauvais etat ou l'a reduit le combat de la
Grenade, avant de quitter les lies du vent,
presentant le combat et observant si les
Vaisseaux desempares peuvent etre attaques
le 22. juillet 1779. [1779] [Pierre Ozanne]
Wash drawing 9^ x 15^ in.
The British fleet here is in the harbor of
St. Kitts (or St. Christopher) in the Leeward
Islands, where they are under fire from the
fort of Basseterre, the port in the background.
The French fleet is shown tacking in the fore-
ground. The legend also identifies the Robuste,
the vessel second from right. Ozanne Collection,
no. 17. LC-USZ62-7703
302
Vue de la Ville de Savannah, du Camp, des
Tranchees et de L'attaque Octobre 1779.
[1779] [Pierre Ozanne]
Wash drawing 9)8 x 15 in.
A view of Savannah looking north from the
French camp during the Franco-American
catastrophe of October 9, 1779. The Savannah
River is visible in the background with French
ships to the east and Germain's vessels to the
west. Gen. Benjamin Lincoln had appealed
to D'Estaing for aid to oust the British from the
city. The French commander demanded the
surrender of Savannah before Lincoln had time
to join him there, but the British general
Augustine Prevost asked for and received a
short delay during which time he was rein-
forced by the arrival of Gen. John Maitland.
The British withstood a three-week siege by
the Americans. The French navy, plagued by
scurvy and fearing the upcoming hurricane
season, then decided to attack. D'Estaing's
assault was a resounding failure, however,
and Savannah remained in the hands of the
British. Ozanne Collection, no. 18.
LC-USZ62-11898
108


303-307
PRECIS DE CETTE GUERRE. A Paris
chez M. Ponce, Graveur de Mgr. Comte
d'Artois, Rue Ste. Hyacinthe, No. 19. et
chez M. Godefroy, Graveur de Sa Majeste
Imperiale, Rue des Francs-Bourgeois, Porte
St. Michel. M. Niquet, Scrip. A.P.D.R.
[1784?]
Etching 7>£ x %yi in.
Five small pictures frame a precis of the war,
which begins with Boston and Lexington and
continues the story of the Revolution through
to the peace of 1783. Various theaters of com-
bat are depicted. The first, chronologically, is
Ushant where D'Orvilliers fought Admiral
Keppel on July 27, 1778; 27 smaller French
vessels opposed 30 British ships of the line.
The second, dated March 14, 1780, shows the
Spanish general Galvez taking the fort at
Mobile after having chased the English from
Louisiana. In the third picture, the Dutch
Admiral Zoutman encounters Admiral Parker
on the Dogger Bank in the North Sea and
proves his ability and courage in engaging
the superior British force. The fourth picture
shows how the Dutch colonies of Demerara,
Essequibo, and Berbice (now united to form
British Guiana) were retaken by De Kersaint
and D'Alais. The fifth episode depicted takes
place off the Coromandel Coast of India where
De Suffren fought four English commanders
and succeeded in taking one ship of the line
plus more than 100 vessels from the British.
From Ponce, Recueil d'estampes representant
. . . (Paris, 1784?), frontispiece, plate 1.
Collection de Vinck 1163. LC-USZ62-46094
Another impression, two earlier
states, and a wash drawing of the same are in
copy 3 in the Rare Book Division.
308
Encampment of the Convention Army. At
Charlotte Ville in Virginia after they had

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303-307
109


\V,l & W of the BritiJJ) Fortrefs at Stoncy-
Pi'int, ftormed and[carried by a party of]
the Light Corps of the American Army,
under the command of Gen. IV AT' N £,
on the Morning of the idth of July iajL

surrendered to the Americans Publish'd as
the Act directs, Jany I, 1789, by William Lane,
Leadenhall Street, London.
Etching 9^2 x 16^ in.
Since Burgoyne's surrender at Saratoga was
by convention, the army under his command
was popularly designated the "Convention
Army." After it became clear that neither
Congress nor Washington would abide by
the terms of the Saratoga Convention, these
troops were marched southward to the
Charlottesville, Va., area, where they were
allowed to build cabins and engage in sub-
sistence farming. During the invasions of
Virginia they were moved to Winchester,
Va., Frederick, Md., and parts of Pennsylvania.
From Anburey, Travels Through the Interior
Parts of America, v. 2 (London, 1789), opposite
p. 443. LC-USZ62-31960
309
VIEW of the British Fortress at Stoney-Point,
stormed and carried by a party of the Light
Corps of the American Army, under the
command of Gen. WAYNE, on the Morning
of the 16th of July last. [1780]
Woodcut 3 x 3^4 in. (image)
Brig. Gen. Anthony Wayne's surprise attack
on the garrison at Stony Point, overlooking
the Hudson, avenged the "Paoli Massacre."
The operation was of little strategic value, but
its masterful execution had a pronounced
effect on patriot morale. This rough sketch
shows the fort, the abatis, the reserve, and
the detachment leading the attack. From
Bickerstaff, Boston Almanack (Boston, 1780),
verso of title page. LC-USZ62-45553
110


3io
COMBAT MEMORABLE ENTRE LE
PEARSON ET PAUL JONES. Richard Paton
pinxit. Gravé par Balth. Frederic Leizalt. Se
vend à Augsbourg au Négoce commun de
l'Académie Impériale d'Empire des Arts
libéraux avec Privilege de sa Majesté Impériale
et avec Defense ni d'en faire ni de vendre
les Copies. [178?]
Etching (hand colored) 9^ x 14^ in. (image)
View of the famous engagement between
the converted merchantman, Bonhomme
Richard, commanded by John Paul Jones,
and the Serapis, under British captain Pearson.
The action took place in the English Channel
off Flamborough Head, September 23, 1779.
The vessel firing at the left is the Alliance,
commanded by Pierre Landais, a half-mad
French naval officer assigned to Jones'
squadron. Taken from a drawing by Richard
Paton and probably copied from Lerpiniere
and Fittler's engraving, which was published
by John Boydell in 1781. Title above picture is
mirror image. From "Collection des prospects."
The following notes appear below the picture:
Das merckwurdige See Gefecht zwischen Capitain Pearson
und Paul Jones welches 1779 den 11 September sich
eraugnet wo der Cap: das Schiff den Serapis, und der Paul
Jones, den guten Mann Richard genannt Commandirte.
Combat memorable entre le Pearson et Paul Jones donné
le 11 7bre 1779. le Capitaine Pearson commendant le
Serapis et Paul Jones commandant le Bon homme Richart
et son Escadre.
Another impression (not colored).
LC-USZ62-112
ZT/mium tt mozx/vM jj jioastomitm tahiaoj

310
111


3ii

3U
A BRITISH SAILOR offering a Sword to an
Unarmed SPANISH OFFICER to defend
himself, at the Attack of FORT OMOA,
which was taken by Escalade, on the 20 of
Octr. 1779, under the Command of Captn.
Dalrymple and Commodore Lutterell. En-
graved for Barnard's New Complete &
Authentic History of England; A work
Universally Acknowledged to be the Best
Performance of the Kind,—on account of It's
Impartiality, Accuracy, New Improvements,
Superior Elegance, &c. Hamilton delin.
Thornton sculp.
Mixed method 12% x 8^ in.
Omoa, a key Spanish fort in the Bay of
Honduras, was captured by the British in
October 1779 in a daring maneuver led by
Maj. John Dalrymple (1749-1821). Although
Dalrymple was outnumbered more than two
to one and was attacking a strong work, he
did not lose a single man. Spanish losses totaled
365 prisoners and $3,000,000 in gold, ships,
and supplies. From Barnard, History of England
(London, 1783), p. 694. LC-USZ62-45311
312
Gallant behavior of an English Sailor in
offering a Sword to an unarmed Spaniard to
defend himself, at the taking of Fort Omoa,
in the Bay of Honduras, October 20th. 1779.
Metz delin. Record sculp. [1784]
Mixed method \oy% x 6^ in.
In this version of the capture of Fort Omoa,
a Spanish officer, with a look of fear, refuses
the offer of a sword. From Raymond, History
of England (London, 1784), p. 591.
LC-USZ6 2-4 5212
Another impression (hand colored).
313
The Defeat of the Spanish Fleet under Don
Juan de Langara, by Sir George Brydges
112



Rodney, Deer. 16th. 1779; off Cape St. Vincent.
Most humbly Inscribed to Prince William
Henry. [March 1780]
Etching 4^ x dyi in.
Admiral Rodney's defeat of the Spanish
fleet under Don Juan de Langara, which
actually took place on January 16, 1780,
won him great applause in England. Since
his fleet was twice the size of Langara's, the
outcome of the battle was never in doubt, but
Rodney displayed unusual skill in positioning
his ships between the Spanish fleet and the
rock-bound cape in a tempestuous sea and with
darkness fast approaching. The victory con-
tributed to the relief of Gibraltar, which at
that time was under heavy siege by the Spanish.
The portrait inset at the top is probably
Prince William Henry. From The Town and
Country Magazine, March 1780, p. 153.
LC-USZ6 2-45418

3H
Lieutenant Moody. This Officer during the
American War distinguish'd himself as one
of the most gallant Partizans in the British
Service, & by the number of Mails that he
seized made himself the terror of the Rebels.
. . . Drawn & Engraved by Robt. Pollard.
London, Pubd. Feby. 19; 1785, by R. Pollard
No. 7 Braynes Row Spa Fields.
Aquatint with engraving 15 x 2oJ^ in.
(image)
Lt. James Moody (d. 1809), an officer in the
1st battalion of New Jersey Volunteers, is said
to have struck terror into the hearts of New
Jersey Whigs. Moody is shown here freeing a
prisoner held by the Americans in a jail about
70 miles from New York City. Not long after
the event, which occurred in May 1780,
Moody was himself captured by troops under
the command of Gen. Anthony Wayne and
placed in irons in a rock dungeon at West
Point. LC-USZ62-16969





. 315
Major Andre, von drey Americanern ange-
halten zu Tarrytown am 23ten Septembr
1780. [1784]
Etching iyi x 2 in. (image)
German impression of the arrest of Maj.
John Andre near Tarrytown, N. Y. The three
"volunteer militiamen" making the arrest,
John Paulding, Isaac Van Wart, and David
Williams, probably were operating under a
New York act which permitted anyone appre-
hending an enemy to claim any valuables he
had in his possession. Andre's being out of
uniform and behind the American lines weighed
heavily against him at his trial. Number 10
3i7
in a series by "D[aniel N.] Chodowiecki inv.
et del." LC-USZ62-39565
Another copy. Engraved by D.
Berger after Chodowiecki.
Another impression. In Sprengel,
Allgemeines historisches Taschenbuch (Berlin,
1784).
316
The unfortunate Major Andre offering his
watch to procure his release. [1780?]
Etching %}4 x iiyi in. (image)
Andre attempts to bribe two American
soldiers.
318
317
The Unfortunate Death of Major Andre
(Adjutant General of the English Army) at
Head Quarters in New York, Octr. 2. 1780,
who was found within the American Lines in
the character of a Spy. Hamilton delin. Goldar
sculp. [1783]
Mixed method 11^ x 7^2 in. (image)
His request to be shot by a firing squad
denied, Andre hangs from a gibbet. The
execution took place near Tappan, N. Y., on
the above date. From Barnard, History of
England (London, 1783), p. 694. This copy in
P&P. LC-USZ62-52
114


318
Landung einer Frauzosischen Hiilfs-Armee in
America, zu Rhode Island, am uten. Julius
1780. [1784]
Etching iyi x 2 in. (image)
German view of the landing of Comte de
Rochambeau's 5,500-man army at Newport,
R. I., July 11, 1780. Number nine in a series by
"D[aniel N.] Chodowiecki inv. et del."
LC-USZ62-19422
—Another copy. Engraved by D.
Berger after Chodowiecki.
Another impression. In Sprengel,
Allgemeines historisches Taschenbuch (Berlin,
1784).
3J9
PRISE DE PENSACOLA. Dessine par
Lausan. Berteaux, Aqua. Grave par N. Ponce,
Graveur de Mgr. Comte d'Artois. Paris chez
Mr. Ponce, Graveur de Mgr. Comte d'Artois,
Rue St. Hyacinthe, No. 19, et chez Mr.
Godefroy, Graveur de Sa Majeste Imperiale,
Rue des Francs-Bourgeois. A.P.D.R. [1784?]
Etching yyi x 8 in.
A chance shot fired by Spanish troops in
the siege of Pensacola exploded the principal
British magazine. Over 100 British soldiers
were killed or disabled by the blast, and one
of their main redoubts destroyed. Taking
advantage of the opening, the Spanish fought
their way to the ruined fortification and
forced the surrender of the entire garrison,
May 9, 1781. The officer represented on horse-
back is probably Bernardo de Galvez, the
Spanish commander. From Ponce, Recueil
d'estarnpes representant . . . (Paris, 1784?),
plate 8. Collection de Vinck 1182.
Another impression (LC-USZ62-
39588), two earlier states, and a wash drawing
(LC-USZ62-39589) of the same are in copy 3,
in the Rare Book Division.



StfZtiftache.
cute dcr tbiiilliftJutihi/ubi in AiW sliwuu u-McJ.rSi von <£vi
v>7 ^»«// • tej , (tin
320
116




3 20
St. Eustache une des Isles D'Antilles. St.
Eustache eine der Antillischen Insuln in Nord-
America welche 1781 von den Engellàndern
erobert und denen Hollândern abgenommen
worden. St. Eustache une des Isles d'Antilles
dans l'Amérique du Nord laquelle fut prise
aux Hollandois en 1781 par les Anglois. Gravé
par Bergmuller. Se vend a Augsbourg au
Négoce: commun de l'Académie Impériale
d'Empire des Arts libereaux avec Privilege de
Sa Majesté Impériale et avec Defense ni d'en
faire ni de vendre les Copies. [178?]
Etching x \G}4 in.
View of Admiral Rodney's attack on the
Dutch possession of St. Eustatius, a center of
contraband trade with the Americans. Rodney
captured the island on February 3, 1781, but
it was recaptured by the French in November
1781.
321
321
PRISE DE TABAGO. Dessiné par William.
Gravé par N. Ponce, Graveur de Mgr. Comte
d'Artois. A Paris chez Ponce, rue St. Hyacinte,
maison de M. Debure Et chez Godefroy, rue
des Francs Bourgeois, Porte S. Michel. A.P.
D.R. [1784?]
Etching 7 x 8 in.
The Comte de Grasse, who had sailed from
Brest in March 1781 with the French Navy,
left Fort Royal on Martinique in May to
take Tobago. The description under this print
recounts the landing of the French troops and
capture of 900 enemy troops. De Grasse was
joined by the Marquis de Bouillé, and the
British capitulated on June 2, 1781. The
description ends with a list of the virtues of
the island, which remained a French colony
after the peace of 1783. From Ponce, Recueil
d'estampes représentant . . . (Paris, 1784?),
plate 9. Collection de Vinck 1183.
LC-USZ6 2-45 292
Another impression, two earlier
states, and a wash drawing of the same are in
copy 3, in the Rare Book Division.
322
Surprise de St. Eustace. Dessiné par P. C.
Marillier. Gravé par N. Ponce Graveur de
Mgr. le Comte d'Artois. A Paris chez Ponce,
rue St. Hyacinte, maison de M. Debure.
Et chez Godefroy, rue des Francs Bourgeois,
Porte S. Michel. A.P.D.R. [1784?]
Etching 7>£ x 8>£ in.
In a surprise attack on November 25, 1781,
the Marquis de Bouillé recaptured St. Eustatius
from the British. The Dutch islands had been
taken by Admiral Rodney in February 1781,
when Holland declared war on England. After
117


capturing St. Eustatius, De Bouillé went on to
take back Saba and St. Martin. From Ponce,
Recueil d'estampes représentant . . . (Paris,
1784?), plate 11. Collection de Vinck 1186.
LC-USZ6 2-4 5 294
Another impression, two earlier
states, and a wash drawing of the same are in
copy 3, in the Rare Book Division.
323
LA BALLE A FRAPPÉ SON AMANTE.
Dessiné par le Barbier, Peintre du Roi. Gravé
par. L. Halbou. 1782.
Mixed method 6y& x 3^ in. (image)
The brief narrative "Histoire de Seymour
& de Molly" tells of an American boy who
joined the Continental Army to seek his
fortune. When on leave, he and Molly were
wed amid the bucolic loveliness of the American
wilderness in the company of their rustic,
virtuous friends. Just as the ceremony ended
and the wedding feast was about to begin, a
troop of British soldiers marched into the
settlement and fired a volley into the fleeing
patriots. The one person who fell dead was
Molly, pierced through the heart by a rifle
ball. This fiction is a splendid example of
sentimental propaganda. From Hilliard d'Au-
berteuil, Essais historiques, v. 3 (1782), p.
[17]. LC-USZ62-45336
324
REDDITION DE L'ARMÉE DU LORD
CORNWALLIS. Dessiné par le Berbier Peintre
du Roi. Gravé par Godefroy de l'Académie
Impie, et Royale de Vienne &c. à Paris,
chéz Mr. Godefroy, rue de Francs bourgeois
Porte St. Michel; et chéz Mr. Ponce, Graveur
de Mgr. le Comte. d'Artois, rue Hiacinte.
A.P.D.R. [1784?]
Etching x 8 in.
This print of the surrender of the army of
Lord Cornwallis possibly portrays Rochambeau


118


motioning to Cornwallis' deputy, Gen. Charks
O'Hara of the Guards, to present his sword to
the American Commander in Chief. The narra-
tive below this picture provides a summary of
particulars regarding the siege of Yorktown,
including lists of arms and equipment rendered,
participating French and American officers,
and officers who distinguished themselves as
well as those killed or wounded. From Ponce,
Recueil d'estampes representant . . . (Paris,
1784?), plate 10. Collection de Vinck 1184.
:—Another impression (LC-USZ62-
39586), two earlier states, and a wash drawing
(LC-USZ62-39587) of the same are in copy 3,
in the Rare Book Division.
Another impression. In P&P.
The Surrender of Earl Cornwallis (Lieu-
tenant-General of the British Army in North
America) to General Washington & Count
DeRochambeau, on the 19th. of Octr. 1781—
whereby the Posts of York-Town & Gloucester
in Virginia, were then given up to the com-
bined Forces of America & France. Engraved
for Barnard's New Complete & Authentic
History of England; A Work Universally
Acknowledged to be the Best Performance
of the Kind,—on account of It's Impartiality,
Accuracy, New Improvements, Superior Ele-
gance, &c. Hamilton delin. Thornton sculp.
Mixed method I2>^ x S}4 in.
Gen. Charles O'Hara, commander of the
2d Battalion of Guards, represented Corn-
wallis in the surrender at Yorktown. In a
final gesture of British defiance toward the
Americans, O'Ha ra first offered his sword to
Rochambeau, but the French officer quickly
directed him to General Washington. Maj.
Gen. Benjamin Lincoln actually received the
weapon. Barnard, History of England (London,
1783)5 opposite p. 696. LC-USZ62-22034
Another copy. In P&P.

119



120




327
326
Reddition de l'Armée Angloises Commandée
par Mylord Comte de Cornwallis aux Armées
Combinées des Etats unis de l'Amérique et de
France aux ordres des Généraux Washington
et de Rochambeau a Yorck touwn et Glocester
dans la Virginie, le 19 Octobr 1781. A Paris
chez Mondhare rue St. Jean de Beauvais près
celle des Noyers. [1781 ?]
Etching (hand colored) x io}4 in-
(image)
This view of the surrender of the British
to the combined American and French armies
shows Yorktown in the background, with
Gloucester on the point of land to the right
of it. In the Chesapeake Bay sail the ships of
the French Navy commanded by De Grasse.
The American Army stands in columns to the
left, and in front of them the British Army is
seen marching out of Yorktown. The enemy's
arms are stacked in bundles. Closer to the fore-
ground is the French Army. The accompanying
explanation describes_ the_memorable event:
"Ce jour à jamais mémorables pour les Etats
unis en ce qu'il assura définitivement leurs
indépendances." This print was intended for
use in a vue d'optique. From G&M.
327
Die Americaner machen den Lord Cornwallis
mit seiner Armee zu Gefangnen, bey York-
town den ioten Octobr 1781. [1784]
328
Etching 2pi x 2 in. (image)
Number eleven in a series by "D[aniel N.]
Chodowiecki inv. et del." German view of the
surrender at Yorktown. LC-USZ62-39563
Another copy. Engraved by D.
Berger after Chodowiecki.
Another impression. In Sprengel,
Allgemeines historisches Taschenbuch (Berlin,
1784).
328
SIEGE DU FORT S. PHILIPPE. Dessiné
par le Paon Peintre de S.A.S. Mgr. le Prince
de Conde. Gravé par Godefroy de l'Académie
Impériale et Royale de Vienne, &c. A Paris
121


chez Mr. Godefroy, rue des Francs-bourgeois
Porte St. Michel et chez Mr. Ponce Graveur
de Mgr. le Comte d'Artois, rue Hiacinthe.
A.P.D.R. [1784?]
Etching x in.
This picture shows the French Lt. Gen. Due
de Crillon watching the bombardment of Ft.
St. Philip on the island of Minorca on the night
of January 15, 1782. The British Gen. James
Murray (1719-1794) had shut himself into
the fort with a few men on August 20, 1781,
and he successfully concealed his small,
weak garrison behind massive fortifications.
The French and Spanish forces never realized
the English weakness until five months later
on February 4, 1782, when 600 decrepit
soldiers and sailors and about 100 Corsicans,
Greeks, Turks, Moors, and Jews marched
out and surrendered to 14,000 well-equipped
men. The island remained under Spanish
control by the peace treaty of 1783. From
Ponce, Recueil d'estampes representant . . .
(Paris, 1784?), plate 12. Collection de Vinck
1187. LC-USZ62-45295
Another impression, two earlier
states, and a wash drawing of the same picture
are in copy 3, in the Rare Book Division.
329
ATTAQUE DE BRIMSTOMHILL. en Tile
St. Christophe, Vue prise entre le Fort Charles,
et le Ravin de Molener. Dessine par le Paon
Peintre de S. a S Mgr. le Prince de Conde.
Grave par N. Ponce Graveur de Mgr. Comte
d'Artois. A Paris chez Mr. Ponce, rue St.
Hyacinte, maison de M. Debure. Et chez
Mr. Godefroy, rue des Francs Bourgeois,
Porte S. Michel. A.P.D.R. [1784?]
Etching 7 x 8^4 in.
The explanation below this print describes
how the Marquis de Bouille landed at
Basseterre on January 11, 1782, to besiege
the fortress of Brimstone Hill on St. Kitts.

122


Inside the fort were 1,442 British soldiers
under the command of Sir Thomas Shirley and
Gen. Simon Fraser. They gave themselves up
as prisoners of war on February 12, 1782.
The islands of St. Kitts and Nevis thereby
came into the hands of the French. From
Ponce, Recueil d'estampes representant . . .
(Paris, 1784?) plate 13. Collection de Vinck
1188. LC-USZ62-45296
Another impression, two earlier
states, and a pen-and-ink drawing of the
same are in copy 3, in the Rare Book Division.
The Gallant and Right Hon. Captain Lord
Robert Manners Mortally Wounded, on
board the Resolution, in the Glorious Victory
obtained over the French Fleet, the 12th of
April 1782, in the West Indies, Engraved for
Barnard's New Complete & Authentic
History of England. Hamilton delin. Pollard
sculp.
Mixed method I2>^ x %]/2 in.
Lord Robert Manners (1758-1782), captain
of the Resolution, took part in the action off
Cape Henry, September 4, 1781, and was with
Admiral Hood at St. Kitts in January 1782.
In the battle off Saints Passage, April 9-12,
1782, the 74-gun Resolution was in the center
of the British line. Beneath the frame is the
statement: "A more Exact Representation of
An Affecting Event (which deprived this
Country of a brave Officer) than is given in
any other History of England whatever—."
Barnard, History of England (London, 1783),
opposite p. 697.
Another copy with the title reading,
"Lord Robert Manners Mortally
Wounded, on board the Resolution, in
the memorable Engagement between Admiral
Rodney & Count de Grasse, in the West
Indies, the 12th. of April 1782. Metz delin.
Grignion sculp." Mixed method 10 x Gj4 in.

330
From Raymond, History of England (London,
1784), p. 597. LC-USZ62-45214
Another impression (hand colored).
331
Count de Grasse, the French Admiral,
resigning his Sword to Admiral Rodney,
after being defeated by that gallant Com-
mander in the West Indies, on April 12th.
1782. Metz delin. Fiegl sculp. [1784]
Mixed method ioy& x 6% in.
Comte de Grasse, the hero of the Yorktown
capitulation, was captured aboard the battered
Villc de Paris in the Battle off Saints Passage,
April 12, 1782. Released on parole the following
August, he served as an intermediary between
the Governments of England and France dur-
ing the preliminary stages of the peace nego-
tiations. From Raymond, History of England
(London, 1784), p. 595. LC-USZ62-45213
331
332
Mr. Fitzherbert the British Minister Pleni-
potentiary, with Gravier de Vergennes, and
Le Compte d'Aranda Ministers Plenipoten-
tiary of the Courts of France & Spain, Signing
the Preliminary Articles of Peace at Ver-
sailles (on Jany. the 20th. 1783) previous to
their final Ratification. Metz delin. Cook
sculp. [1784]
Etching 9^5 x 6>£ in.
Alleyne Fitzherbert (1753-1839) replaced
Grenville as minister plenipotentiary at Paris,
August 1782. Raymond, History of England
(London, 1784), p. 601. LC-USZ62-45215
-Another copy, with title reading,
"The Preliminary Articles of Peace between
Great Britain & France and Great Britain
and Spain, Signed at Versailles Jany 20.
1783, by Mr. Fitzherbert his Britannic
123


Majesty's Ambassador & Minister Pleni-
potentiary, and the Minister's Plenipoten-
tiary of the Courts of France & Spain—Which
were Ratified in Form on Feby the 3d. &
9th. 1783, the Exchanges being then made
by and with the said Ambassadors. Engraved
for Barnard's New Complete & Authentic
History of England. Hamilton delin. Pollard
sculp." [1783] Etching \i]/2 x %l/2 in. From
Barnard, History of England (London, 1783),
opposite p. 699.
333-34'1
PRECIS DU TRAITE DE PAIX, Signe a
Versailles le 3 Septembre 1783. N. Ponce, inv.
et Sculpsit. A Paris chez Mr. Ponce, Graveur
de Mgr. Comte d'Artois, Rue Ste. Hyacinthe,
No. 19. et chez Mr. Godefroy, Graveur de
Sa Majeste Imperiale, Rue des Francs-
Bourgeois. A.P.D.R. [1784?]
Etching 7JH* x %]4 in-
Ten small pictures of Revolutionary War
battles frame a pedestal upon which the names
of French, American, Dutch, and Spanish
officers killed or wounded are inscribed.
Fame blows a trumpet from which hangs a
flag listing in the left column the names of
Louis XVI, De Vergennes, Montgomery,
Warren, D'Estaing, DuchafTault, La Motte
Piquet, D. Galvez, and LaFayette. The right
column lists Charles III, De Castries, De
Segur, Washington, Gates, Franklin, De
Crillon, De Rochambeau, De Bouille, D'Or-
villiers, and De Suffren. The ten pictures
represent various victories for the American
side. The first in chronological order is the
Battle of Trenton, won by Washington,
December 26, 1776, (top row, second picture,
\% x 1 in. image). June 28, 1778, General
Washington defeated Clinton at Monmouth,
N. J., (top row, fourth picture, i^i x 1 in.
image). The Comte d'Estaing took the island
of St. Vincent June 18, 1779, (bottom row,
right \% x 1% in. image). John Paul Jones'
battle with the Serapis on September 23, 1779,
is also commemorated (middle row, third
picture, i^i x 1 in. image), as is the blowing up
of the British frigate Quebec on October 7,
1779, (middle row, second picture, \yi x \yi
in. image). La Motte Piquet is pictured
fighting off Martinique in the lee of Fort Royal
in December of 1779 (top row, first picture,
I^xi in. image). Also pictured is the capture
of 57 ships by the combined French and
American fleet on August 8, 1789, (middle
row, first picture, x ^ in. image). In the
next picture, De Suffren's troops are seen
storming the fort of Trincomalee; the French
took this important port in the Indian Ocean
from Sir Edward Hughes in late September
1782 (top row, third picture, \% x $i in-
image). In August 1782 La Perouse chased the
British from Hudson Bay (middle row, fourth
picture, iyi x 1 in. image). The last picture
celebrates the courage and ability of the Comte
de Grimouard (1743-1794), who commanded
the Scipion in the West Indies and engaged
two British vessels, one with 98 cannons,
in November of 1782 (bottom row, first picture,
1^4 x 1^4 in. image). From Ponce, Recueil
(Testampes representant . . . (Paris, 1784?),
plate 16. LC-USZ62-45297
Another impression, two earlier
states, and a wash drawing of the same are in
coPy 3> m the Rare Book Division.



PRECIS DU TRATTK DE PAU*L,
Su/nc a f ersiu/Ircs If 3 Seplr/nbre ij83,
Js.t Provinces Je Jlassacbusset (onneeb>vt,Ilampsbire,Plantation) Je Frvvidenee.RbeJe-ts/a/ui. New-Iork, bderte de la Caipe du bms de Gtmpecdu;mais cettc liberie est cirmnscrite entre leoRivtereS Belise et Rw-llonJc.
\ ,u'. 'er.vei/, llijawarre . Pencil time ..Man/land l irginie. Caroline Srpt^ Caroline merit!*1 ft Je la (reoraie .rant I. /Ingleterre eeJe a In Fran,-e f'fle tie Tabago le Senegalet Mi Je/ienJaneeS;ii Forts ile Sd.ouu .Potior t'alim
d/froxun,etPorfrfulie;ime etmdnepw considerable a Terrcneuvepour^ y Pecbcr et secher la ftlorue. lea
Districts de Baknir et Febrnoitr am environs dePondicberv, et les ptatres Matrons pu avoisuient JEnU K'c
File anaidle leJ clause.! des dernier.i Trade/ relatives mix (hivrage.t du Port de Dunier<fue,au.r Lortifieatwns
reconmie,\ I. tats Hires et indipcmlantA $, M.Britaru^ue returnee pour die et mi surcesseurs a toute espeee
Je souveramcte stir ceo Pays.ei sur leJ lies pa hordent leurj Cotes jitspi a la distance de %o I.iettct.
J.e.i borne* Je cette nouvelle Pepttblipie sont purees, mi Hunt'.par la Riviere S- Crow et par line hone tiret
a leavers les L.acS pjsau a celttt dei BoiS;a I'Outst.par le Fleuve Alissispumi Sadpar led Flerides mux -
MM on donne pour luniteJ la Riviere Marys et le 3i. degre de Latitude ;ti a IF ft par la filer.
L. Inalrterre cede a IF.spaqne File Jfworpie, la Flonde Ortrn ^ei la FlariJe Oecttl. File conserve- la >
et au.r ffaentsons des lies S'Pierre ct/Vu/ue/o
La llollanje
RcsfiMcn
I'll i Frontispit-e et PreetJ de lei (hurre . ~k ['71 7 J. Prise de la Dominupte. j|t
) 9 On fine de la Kevolmhm . *
.e&rtiebci\ Ml
de LesBVurton „
de I .Irmee du Gtn Ruraoyne
UtTCmte d'.-lrtote.P.e S.lfvsemde .tl'.io
'e cede a I Jnqleicrre la Idle Je Scgapanumi <nir la late de CoromanJel,
mutiielle e/itre Irs Puissances belhpranks. de* attires Conguetes fade*) pa
TdBLE DES ES'Etf/PES QUI CO3IP0SENT CETTE SUITE
f"
,ou un eautvulrnt
pikes fade* pendant la Oucrre.
6. Prise di Senegal.
j. Prise de fa Grenade , *
S. Prue de Pensaeola
'If ■ q Prise de 7 abago. ¥
to, Reddttion de I. inner Je- ChrnomUwi
it. Surprise de S. Kt/stticle .
A.P.D R
ye drt Fort S'PAJpp
Cll"i3,JMae/M de
t ) id> Carte d;i Ft
\ iS. Carte
i£, Preet
et ebe: , iFCmdJroi/, (rraveur Je Sa Mue*
Brunstombl/I ■
Ftati unlet.
Jj.t ■ t
Jes P'ra>
333-342




343
345
343
Ende der Feindseeligkeiten. Die Englander
raumen den Americanern Neu-Yorck ein—
1783. [1784]
Etching x 2 in. (image)
Number 12 in a series by "Djaniel N ]
Chodowiecki inv. et del." Germain view of the
evacuation of New York on November 25,
1782. LC-USZ62-19421
Another copy. Engraved by D.
Berger after Chodowiecki.
Another impression. In Sprengel,
Allgemeines historisches Taschenbuch (Berlin,
1784).
344
Amelia: or the faithless Briton. J. Trenchard
Delineate & Sculpst. [1787]
Etching 5 x 3^ in. (image)
Depicts a scene from a novel serialized in
The Columbian Magazine. Amelia, a virtuous
girl from a farm in New York, has been seduced
by a British officer named Doliscus. When
she has a child by him, he tries to escape to
London, but the girl follows him. He spirits
her away from his London estate and leaves
her in a distant slum. The picture shows
Amelia about to take her own life with a
cup of laudanum when her father, Horatio
Blyfield, enters the door. "(7b be continued)^
The Columbian Magazine, October 1787,
frontispiece.
345
An East View of gray's ferry, near Phila-
delphia, with the TRIUMPHAL ARCHES, &C.
erected for the Reception of General Washing-
ton, April 20th. 1789. C. W. Peale delin.
J[ames] Trenchard Sculp.
Etching x 7 in.
With the help of Charles W7illson Peale,
the owners of the bridge at Gray's Ferry, Pa.,
prepared to receive Washington during his
trip to New York in 1789. They adorned the
structure with laurel, cedar, banners, and
flags. Flags of the 11 States that had ratified
the Constitution were strung across the length
of the bridge, and four other flags proclaimed
"The New Era," "May Commerce Flourish,"
"Don't Tread on Me," and the rising sun
empire. The pole from which the familiar
rattlesnake flag is flying holds a large liberty
126


cap on top. The flag on the barge anchored
in midstream to the right of the bridge was
the American Union Flag. From The Columbian
Magazine, May 1789. Stauffer, 3290.
LC-USZ62-342
346
View of the TRIUMPHAL ARCH, and the
manner of receiving General Washington at
Trenton, on his Route to New-York, April
21st. 1789.
Etching 3^ x 6^4 in. (image)
The bridge over Assunpink Creek at Tren-
ton, N. J., was decorated in honor of Washing-
ton's repulse of an attacking British column
at that site on January 2, 1777. The arch
depicted here was built at the time of his
triumphal journey from Mount Vernon to
New York for his inauguration. It measured
about 12 feet in length and 20 feet in height
and was an ediface of greenery. Probably
engraved by James Trenchard. From The
Columbian Magazine, May 1789. Stauffer, 3291.
LC-USZ62-338
347
View of the triumphal arch and colonnade,
erected in Boston, [in honour of the President
of the United States.] Engrav'd by S. Hill.
[1790]
Etching x in. (image)
This arch, erected in Boston for Washing-
ton's visit to that city in October 1779, reached
across the street in front of the statehouse.
The inscription visible here reads: "to the
man who unites all hearts." On the opposite
side were the words: "to Columbia's favorite
son." The panel to the right shows the arms
of the United States, the State of Massachu-
setts, and France. Washington reported the
inscription in the wreath of laurel as: "boston
relieved, march 17th, 1776." The Massa-
chusetts Magazine, January 1790, frontispiece.
Staufter, 1392. LC-USZ62-31137


127




(See next page for additional views)


Chapter III
Views
SAINT LAWRENCE RIVER
AND GULF
§|Upper Regions and Montreal
348
[Englishmen trade with Indians in a wilderness
—a cartouche] London, Published as the Act
directs Feby. 25. 1777. by Wm. Faden, Corner
of St. Martin's Lane, Charing-Cross.
Etching 7>£ x 11 in. (image)
Englishmen barter with Indians for furs in
the foreground. In the background to the
right is a fort flying the British flag. From
"A Map of the Inhabited Part of Canada . . .
with the Frontiers of New York and New
England . . . By Claude Joseph Sauthier,"
in Faden, North American Atlas (London,
1777), no. 4. LC-USZ62-45595
349
A View of St. John's, upon the River Sorell,
in Canada, with the Redoubts, Works, &c.
Taken in the Year 1776, during the late War
in America. Publish'd as the Acts direct,
Jany. 1st. 1789, by William Lane Leadenhall
Street, London.
Etching x \&A in.
Strategically located on the Richelieu or
Sorel River between Lake Champlain and the
St. Lawrence River, St. John was a settlement
consisting primarily of fortifications. The
British built ships there for use on Lake
Champlain. Brig. Gen. Richard Montgomery
led an attack on the fort, capturing it in
November 1775, but the British retook St.
John the following year. From Anburey,
Travels Through the Interior Parts of America,
v. 1 (London, 1789), opposite p. 136.
LC-USZ62-45545
350
A Perspective View of Montreal in Canada.
[1765]
Etching dyi x io>^ in.
The capture of St. John left Montreal
vulnerable to American attack. The low lying
city, located on an island, was captured
November 13, 1775, two days after Brig.
Gen. Richard Montgomery landed there with
about 1,200 men, but the Americans held
Montreal for only a few months. Having
failed in their efforts to take Quebec, the
British were able to bring up reinforcements
and drive their attackers out of Canada. From
The Universal Magazine, 1765, p. 361.
LC-USZ62-463U
351
An East View of Montreal, in Canada. Vue
Orientale de Montreal, en Canada. Drawn on
the Spot by Thomas Patten Engraved by P.
Canot. London Printed for John Bowles at
No. 13 in Cornhill, Robert Sayer at No. 53
in Fleet Street, Thos. Jefferys the corner of
St. Martins Lane in the Strand, Carington
Bowles at No. 69 in St. Pauls Church Yard,
and Henry Parker at No. 82 in Cornhill. [1768]
Etching x 21 in.
A legend below the picture identifies the
General Hospital, the "Recollects," St.
Sulpicius, the nunnery, the Jesuit's Church,
and the fort. Scenographia Americana (1768).
LC-USZ62-45324
352
A Perspective View of the Town and Forti-
fications of Montreal in Canada. D. Pomarede
Sculp. [1774]
Etching 5^ x %yi in.
The St. Lawrence River is in the foreground.
From The Annual Register (Dublin, 1774), p.
407. LC-USZ62-45207
353
View of the Town &c of Montreal. Aitkin Sc.
[i775]
Etching 2^2 x 4 in. (image)
Insert on a map entitled "Plan of the Town
& Fortifications of Montreal, or Ville Marie in
Canada." Engraved for The Pennsylvania
Magazine, 1775, p. 517. Stauffer, 7.
LC-USZ62-45558
129





348


354


A View of Cape Rouge or Carouge, Nine Miles
above the City of Quebec on the North Shore
of the River St. Laurence. From this place
1500 chosen Troops at the break of Day fell
down the River on the Ebb of Tide to the
place of Landing 13 Sept. 1759. Vue de Cap
Rouge vulgairement Carouge, a 9 Miles au
dessus de la Ville de Quebec. Sur le bord
septentrional de la Riviere de St. Laurent.
C'est de Carouge que 1500 Hommes de Troupes
choisies descendirent avec La Maree au Lieu
de debarquement 13 Sept. 1759. Drawn on the
spot by Capt. Hervey Smyth. Engraved by
Peter Mazell. London Printed for John
Bowles at No. 13 in Cornhill, Robert Sayer
at No. 53 in Fleet Street, Thos. Jefferys the
corner of St. Martins Lane in the Strand,
Carington Bowles at No. 69 in St. Pauls
Church Yard, and Henry Parker at No. 82
in Cornhill. [1768]
Etching 14^4 x 21 in.
From Scenographia Americana (1768).
LC-USZ62-45581
^Quebec
355
[A view of the countryside near Quebec—a
cartouche] By Captain Carver. London,
Printed for Robt. Sayer and John Bennett,
Map and Print sellers, No 53 in Fleet Street,
as the Act directs 16th February 1776.
Etching 7>£ x 8 in. (image)
A rocky, woodland scene represents Canada.
From "A New Map of the Province of Quebec"
in Jefferys, The American Atlas (London,
1776), no. 19. This cartouche also appears in
the 1778 and 1782 editions. Negative in G&M.
Another impression. In Faden,
North American Atlas (London, 1777), no. 3.
132


356
[A mountain landscape in Quebec—a cartouche]
1777
Etching 2H x in.
A wilderness scene set into a map entitled
"Nouvelle Carte de la Province de Quebec."
In Le Rouge, Atlas Ameriquain Septentrional
(Paris, 1778-92), no. 7. LC-USZ62-45600
357
A View of the City of Quebec, the Capital of
Canada, taken partly from Pointe des Peres,
and partly on Board the Vanguard Man of
War, by Captain Hervey Smyth. Vue de la
Ville de Quebec, Capitale du Canada. Prise en
partie de la Pointe des Peres, et en partie
abord de l'Avantgarde Vaisseau de Guerre,
par le Cape. Hervey Smyth P. Benazech
Sculp. London Printed for John Bowles at
No. 13 in Cornhill, Robert Sayer at No. 53
in Fleet Street, Thos. Jefferys the corner of
St. Martins Lane in the Strand, Carrington
Bowles at No. 69 in St. Pauls Church Yard,
and Henry Parker at No. 82 in Cornhill. [1768]
Etching 14^ x 21 in.
This view and many others of Quebec
drawn at the time of the French and Indian
War reappeared during the American Revolu-
tion as British artists attempted to celebrate
the repulse of an American attacking force
before the city on December 31, 1775. It
contains the following dedication:
To the Right Honourable William Pitt One of his Majesties
most Honourable Privy Council & Principal Secretary of
State. These Six Views of the most remarkable places in
the Gulf and River of St. Laurence are most humbly
Inscribed by his most Obedient humble servant Hervey
Smith. Aid du Camp to the late Genl. Wolfe.
From Scenographia Americana (1768).
LC-USZ62-45579


133


Prospect von Quebec

358
Prospect von Quebec. [1776]
Etching 5f6 x 7 in. (image)
From Korn, Geschichte der Kriege (Niirnberg,
1776) , frontispiece. LC-USZ62-45375
Another impression. In P&P under
"Anonymous—Q." LC-USZ62-45375
359
QUEBEC [1777]
Etching y^i x io$4 in.
A legend at the top of the picture reads as
follows:
A. II Forte B. I Recolletti C. La Piattaforma
D. I Gesuiti E. La Cattedrale F. II Seminario
G. L'Hotel Dieu H. II Palazzo del Vescovo
I. II Ridotto K. La Spedale
From Atlante delV America . . . (Livorno,
1777) , no. LC-USZ62-46020
360
Quebec. [1777]
Etching 4^ x 6}i in. (image)
View of the city and fortifications of Quebec
from across the St. Lawrence River. In the
foreground left is a large ship flying the British
flag; the city is to the right. From Fenning,
Neue Erdbeschreibung von Amerika (Gottingen
und Leipzig, 1777), p. 76. Similar to item 367.
361
A View of Quebec from the Bason. Royce Sc.
[1778]
Etching 6^4 x 9^ in.
A large British ship appears in the left fore-
ground. Panoramic view from Russell, History
134


of America (London, 1778), opposite p. 365.
Similar to item no. 367 but a closer view.
362
A View of Quebec from the South East. [From
surveys taken by Samuel Holland, engraved by
J. F. W. Des Barres, 177?]
Aquatint with etching 15 x 23^ in- Omage)
Barges carrying soldiers are at the extreme
left. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 2,
no. 6. LC-USZ62-46047
Another impression. LeGear 10323,
v. 2, no. 3a.
363
Vue de la basse Ville à Quebec vers le fleuve
St. Laurent. Gravé par François Xav. Haber-
mann [177?]
Etching (hand colored) 12^2 x 16^ in.
German view of the city of Quebec. Probably
taken from a European print.
LC-USZ62-15753
364
VUE DE LA RUE DES RECOLETS DE QUEBECK
Prospect der Strasse, gegen der Kirche der
Recolecten in der obern Stadt zu Quebec.
Vuë de la Rue des Recolets dans la haute
Ville de Quebec. Se vend à Augsbourg au
Négoce commun de l'Académie Tmperiale
d'Empire des Arts libereaux avec Privilege
de Sa Majesté Impériale et avec Defense
ni d'en faire ni de vendre les Copies. Gravé
par Francois Xav. Habermann. [177?]
Etching (hand colored) iiyi x in.
Title above picture is mirror image. From
"Collection des prospects." LC-USZ62-45385

135



136


365
VUE DE LA PLACE CAPITALE A QUEBECK.
Prospect des Haupt Plazes der untern Stadt
zu Quebec. Vuë de la Place capitale dans la
Ville basse a Quebec. Se vend à Augsbourg au
Négoce commun de l'Académie Impériale
d'Empire des Arts libereaux avec Privilage
de Sa Majesté Impériale et avec Defense ni
d'en faire ni de vendre les Copies. Gravé par
Francois Xav. Habermann. [177?]
Etching (hand colored) x 16^ in.
Title above picture is a mirror image.
From "Collection des prospects."
366
Quebeck. Se vend à Augsbourg au Négoce
commun de l'Académie Impériale d'Empire
des Arts libereaux avec Privilege de Sa Majesté
Impériale et avec Defense ni d'en faire ni de
vendre les Copies. Gravé par Balth. Frederic
Leizelt. [177?]
Etching (hand colored) 9^4 x 15^ in. (image)
Captions below the picture read:
Eine Stadt in Nord-America, in Canada, an den lincken
Ufer des Fluses St. Laurenz, sie ware die Haupt Stadt in
Neu Franckreich, wurde aber 1759 von den Engellandern
erobert, und in dem darauf erfolgten Frieden nebst ganz
Canada an die Crone Engelland abgetretten. Une Ville
de Canada dans l'Amérique Septentrionale auprès du
rivage gauche du fleuve St. Laurent, elle etoit la Capitale
de la nouvelle France, mais les Anglois la prirent en 1759
et par la Paix suivante elle fut cédée à la Couronne
d'Angleterre avec Canada en entier.
LC-USZ62-45387
367
A View of Quebec the Capital of Canada,
in North America. Roberts sculp. [1780?]
Etching 8x12 in. (image)
Probably from Cowley, Ladies History of
England (London, 1780). This copy in P&P.
LC-USZ62-45373

137



368
A View of the City of Quebec, the Capital of
Canada, taken from the Rock on Point Levi,
by Wm. Peachy, Octr. 23d. 1784. London.
Publish'd NovF 1st. 1786 by R. Pollard,
Engraver, No. 15 Braynes Row, Spa Fields.
Engraved by J. Wells.
Aquatint with etching 14 x 20^2 in.
LC-USZ62-45383
A View of the Fall of Montmorenci and the
Attack made by General Wolfe, on the French
Intrenchments near Beauport, with the
Grenadiers of the Army, July 31. 1759. Vue de
la Chute ou Saut de Montmorenci et de
l'Attaque des Retrenchments Francois pres
de Beauport, par le General Wolfe avec le
Grenadiers de l'Armee le 31 Juillet 1759.
Drawn on the Spot by Capt. Hervey Smyth.
Engraved by Wm. Elliot. London Printed for
John Bowles at No. 13 in Cornhill, Robert
Sayer at No. 53 in Fleet Street, Thos. Jefferys
the corner of St. Martins Lane in the Strand,
Carington Bowles at No. 69 in St. Pauls
Church Yard, and Henry Parker at No. 82
in Cornhill. [1768]
Etching 14^4 x 21 in.
British ships discharge troops which land in
small boats, form ranks, and climb the cliffs
to the Plains of Abraham. In the foreground a
hugh waterfall crashes into the St. Lawrence
River, and in the background smoke rises
from another battle. Scenographia Americana
(1768). LC-USZ62-45580
^Gulf of Saint Lawrence
A View of the Pierced Island, a remarkable
Rock in the Gulf of St. Laurence. Two Leagues
to the Southward of Gaspee Bay. Viae de
l'lsle Percee, Rocher remarquable dans le


Golfe St. Laurent a 2 Lieues au Sud de la
Baye de Gaspe. Drawn on the Spot by Capt.
Hery. Smyth. Engraved by P. Canot. London
Printed for John Bowles at No. 13 in Corn-
hill, Robert Sayer at No. 53 in Fleet Street,
Thos. Jeffreys the corner of St. Martins Lane
in the Strand, Carington Bowles at No. 69
in St. Pauls Church Yard, and Henry Parker
at No. 82 in Cornhill. [1768]
Etching x 21 in.
Scenographia Americana (1768).
LC-USZ62-45583
371
A View of Miramichi, a French Settlement in
the Gulf of St. Laurence, destroyed by
Brigadier Murray detached by General Wolfe
for that purpose, from the Bay of Gaspe. Vue
de Miramichi Etablissement Francois dans
le Golfe de St. Laurent, detruit par le Brigadier
Murray, detache a cet effet de la Baye de
Gaspe, par le General Wolfe. Drawn on the
Spot by Capt. Hervey Smyth, Etch'd by Paul
Sandby, Retouched by P. Benazech. London
Printed for John Bowles at No. 13 in Cornhill,
Robert Sayer at No. 53 in Fleet Street, Thos.
Jefferys the corner of St. Martins Lane in the
Strand, Carington Bowles at No. 69 in St.
Pauls Church Yard, and Henry Parker at
No. 82 in Cornhill. [1768]
Etching 14^4 x 20^4 in.
British soldiers row into a small settlement.
Scenographia Americana (1768).
LC-USZ62-45582
372
A View of Gaspe Bay, in the Gulf of St.
Laurence. Vue de la Baye de Gaspe dans le
Golfe de St. Laurent. Drawn on the Spot by
Capt. Hervey Smyth. Engraved by Peter
Mazell. London Printed for John Bowles at
No. 13 in Cornhill, Robert Sayer at No. 53 in
Fleet Street, Thos. Jefferys the Corner of

139



St. Martins Lane in the Strand, Carington
Bowles at No. 69 in St. Pauls Church Yard,
and Henry Parker at No. 82 in Cornhill. [1768]
Etching 14^4 x 20^4 in.
Captions below the picture read:
This French Settlement used to supply Quebec with Fish
till it was destroyed by General Wolfe after the surrender
of Louisburg in 1758. During the stay of the British Fleet
in 1759, General Wolfe resided at the House on the Beach.
Cet Etablissement Francois fournissoit Quebec de poisson
jusqu'a ce qu'il fut detruit par le General Wolfe, apres la
reddition de Louisbourg en 1758. Pendant le sejour de la
Flotte Angloise en 1759 le General Wolfe fit sa residence
dans la Maison sur la Greve.
Scenographia Americana (1768).
LC-USZ62-43 543
MARITIME PROVINCES OF
CANADA
^Newfoundland
373
Cape St. Mary N:E: one Mile. [J.F.W. Des
Barres, 1777]
Etching (hand colored) 8 x 17^2 in. (image)
A single boat sails toward the cliffs to the
right. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 3657,
v. 1, no. 17.
Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 1, no. 8b; LeGear 10317, v. 1, no. 10a
(Publish'd according to Act of Parliament July
26, 1777, by J.F.W. Des Barres Esqr.); LeGear
10320, v. 1, no. 20.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Publishd as the Act directs
Feb 1st 1781 by J.F.W. Des Barres Esqr."
Aquatint with etching 7% x 17X m- (image).
The cape to the right of the picture. Many
boats sail on the passage to the left. The
Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 13.
140


The negative number for this picture and the
next two is LC-USZ62-46030
Another impression. Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 24a.
374
South Entrance of Grand Passage. [J.F.W.
Des Barres, 1777]
Etching (hand colored) 6^2 x 17^2 in. (image)
The bay in the center. The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 3657, v. 1, no. 17.
Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 1, no. 8b; LeGear 10317, v. 1, no. 10a
(Publish'd according to Act of Parliament
July 26, 1777, by J.F.W. Des Barres Esqr.);
LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 20.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Publishd as the Act directs
Feb 1st 1781 by J.F.W. Des Barres Esqr."
Aquatint with etching 6^2 x 17^4 in. (image).
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 13.
Another impression. Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 24a.
375
St. Mary's Bay. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1777]
Etching (hand colored) 9 x ij^i in. (image)
A single boat sails past the cliffs on the left,
proceeding toward the bay on the right. The
Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 1, no. 17.
Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 1, no. 8b; LeGear 10317, v. 1, no. 10a (Pub-
lish'd according to Act of Parliament July 26,
1777, by J.F.W. Des Barres Esqr.); LeGear
10320, v. 1, no. 20.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Publishd as the Act directs
Feb 1st 1781 by J.F.W. Des Barres Esqr."
Aquatint with etching x 17^4 in. (image).
The bay to the right. Many boats are present.




The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. I, no.
13.
Another impression. Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 24a.
§j|Prince Edward Island
376
[Egmont Harbor—a distant view] Survey'd &
Published according to Act of Parliament by
J.F.W. Des Barres. April 1st. 1779.
Etching 2,% x in- (image)
The entrance to the harbor is to the right
center. Egmont Harbor had limited facilities
for refitting and supplying ships of His Majes-
ty's Navy. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198,
v. 1, no. 37. LC-USZ62-46037
Other impressions: Phillips 1199, v.
1, no. 25; Phillips 1200, v. I, no. 25; Phillips
1201, v. 1, no. 25; Phillips 1202, v. 1, no. 25;
Phillips 1203, v. 1, no. 25; Phillips 1205, v. 1,
no. 28; Phillips 1250, v. 2, no. 14; Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 21; Phillips 3655, v. 1, no. 21; Phillips
3656, v. 1, no. 21; Phillips 4473, v. I, no. 20;
LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 21; LeGear 10320, v. 2,
no. 40.
377
[A farm at Egmont Harbor] Survey'd and Pub-
lished according to Act of Parliament by
142


37*

J.F.W. Des Barres. April ist. 1779.
Etching x 4^ in. (circular image)
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 1.
no. 37. LC-USZ62-46038
-Other impressions: Phillips 1199, v.
1, no. 25; Phillips 1200, v. 1, no. 25; Phillips
1201, v. 1, no. 25; Phillips 1202, v. I, no. 25;
Phillips 1203, v. 1, no. 25; Phillips 1205, v. 1.
no. 28; Phillips 1250, v. 2, no. 14; Phillips 3658,
pt. I, no. 21; Phillips 3655, v. 1, no. 21 ;Phillips
3656, v. 1, no. 21; Phillips 4473, v. I, no. 20;
LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 21; LeGear 10320, v. 2,
no. 40.
378
View of Cape Round bearing West distant Y$
of a Mile. Puhlish'd according to Act of Parlia-
ment by Joseph Frederick Wallet DesBarres
Esqr. April 2, 1775.
Etching i]/2 x 20^ in. (image)
Ornamental view beneath a map of St.
Peter's Bay. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips
1199, v. 1, no. 36.
-Other impressions: Phillips 1200,
v. 1, no. 35; Phillips 1201, v. 1, no. 35; Phillips
1202, v. 1, no. 35; Phillips 1203, v. 1, no. 35;
Phillips 1250, v. 2, no. 23; Phillips 3658, pt. 1,
no. 31; Phillips 3655, v. 1, no. 31; Phillips 3656,
v. 1, no. 31; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 33; LeGear
10323, v. 1, no. 29.
Other copies with imprint reading
"Survey'd and Publish'd according to Act of
Parliament by Joseph Frederick Wallet Des-
Barres Esqr. April 2, 1779." In Phillips 1205,
v. 1, no. 38, and LeGear 10320, v. 2, no. 50.
Another copy with imprint reading
"Survey'd & Publish'd . . . May ist 1781." In
Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 48. LC-USZ62-46042
•§|Nova Scotia and the Isle of Sable
379
View of Port George taken from the Top of
Binney Isle. Survey'd & Publish'd according to
Act of Parliament by Joseph Frederick Wallet
Des Barres Esqr. May ist 1781.
Etching 3 x 18^4 in.
Ornamental border beneath a map of Canso
Harbor. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v.
1, no. 45. LC-USZ62-46041
-Other impressions: Phillips 1199, v.
1, no. 32; Phillips 1200, v. 1, no. 32; Phillips
1201, v. 1, no. 32; Phillips 1202, v. 1, no. 32;
Phillips 1203, v- J> no- 32> Phillips 1205, v. 1,
no. 35; Phillips 1250, v. 2, no. 21; Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 28; Phillips 3655, v. 1, no. 28; Phillips
3656, v. 1, no. 28; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 27;
LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 28; LeGear 10320, v. 2,
no. 48.
380
A View of Port Hood, sailing into the Harbor.
[J.F.W. Des Barres, 1776-77?]
Etching (hand colored) 9 x 18^ in. (image)
The harbor to the right. The Atlantic Nep-
tune. Phillips 3657, v. 1, no. 19.
-Another copy (closer view), en-
titled, "A View of the Entrance of Port Hood.
Pubd. According to Act of Parliament June 1,
1781 by J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr." Aquatint
143



with etching ioj4 x 29^2 in. High cliffs are to
the right and islands to the left. The Atlantic
Neptune. LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 33a.
381
A View of the Plaister Cliffs, in George's Bay.
[J.F.W. Des Barres, 1776-77?]
Etching (hand colored) 11% x 15^ in.
(image)
The chalk cliffs are on both sides of the bay.
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 1, no.
19.
Another copy, entitled, "A View of
the Plaister Cliffs, on the West Shore of
Georges Bay." [Des Barres, 1774-81?] Aqua-
tint with etching 16^ x 2i}i in. The Atlantic
Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 58.
LC-USZ6 2-46044
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 28a; LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 33b
(hand colored).
A View of Louisburg in North America, taken
near the Light House when that City was
besieged in 1758. Vue de Louisburg, dans L'
Amerique Septentrionale, prise du fanal durant
le dernier Siege en 1758. Drawn on the Spot
by Capt. Ince of the 35t. Regt. Engraved
by P. Canot. London Printed for John Bowles
at No. 53 in Fleet Street, Thos. Jefferys the
corner of St. Martins Lane in the Strand,
Carington Bowles at No. 69 in St. Pauls
Church Yard, and Henry Parker at No. 82
in Cornhill. [1768]
Etching 14^ x 20^ in.
Legend at bottom indicates locations of
the city, Garbarus Bay, The English camp,
the French fleet, an island battery, and a
lighthouse. Scenographia Americana (1768).
LC-USZ62-2771 is the negative number for
the 1762 edition.
i44


3«3
A View of Louisbourg Harbor, on the South
Coast of the Island of Cape Breton, the Light-
house bearing N.N.E. [J.F.W. Des Barres,
1777?]
Etching (hand colored) x 29^ in. (image)
The town is in the left part of the picture;
the lighthouse is to the right. No ships are
shown. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 3657,
v. 1, no. 18.
Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 2, no. 21a; LeGear 10320, v. 2, no. 55a
(Publish'd according to Act of Parliament
July 26, 1777 by J.F.W. Des Barres Esqr.).
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Publish'd according to Act of
Parliament July 26, 1777 by J.F.W. Des-
Barres Esqr." Aquatint with etching 4^ x 29^
in. (image). The town is in the left part of
the picture; the lighthouse is to the right.
Various ships are shown. The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 1198, v. 2, no. 25.
384
A View of the Shore to the Westward of
Gabbarrus Bay on the South Coast of Cape
Breton Island. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1777?]
Etching (hand colored) 3^4 x 19^4 in. (image)
No ships are shown. The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 3657, v. 1, no. 18.
Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 2, no. 21a; LeGear 10320, v. 2, no. 55a
(Publish'd according to Act of Parliament
July 26, 1777 by J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr.).
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Publish'd according to Act of
Parliament July 26, 1777 by J.F.W. DesBarres
Esqr." Aquatint with etching 3^ x 19 in.
(image). Various ships are shown. The Atlantic
Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 2, no. 25.

382
145


385
If

West Shore of Richmond Isle, near the En-
trance of the Gut of Canso. [Publishd accord-
ing to Act of Parliament July 26, 1777 by
J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr.]
Aquatint with etching 3^ x 4^4 in. (oval
image)
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 2, no.
■ Other impressions: Phillips 3657,
v. I, no. 18 (hand colored); LeGear 10323, v. 2,
no. 21 a (hand colored); LeGear 10320, v. 2,
no. 55a (hand colored).
386
A View of the S.W. Shore of Cape Breton
Island, from St. Peter's Bay Eastward. [J.F.W.
Des Barres, 1777?]
Etching (hand colored) x 25^ in. (image)
The shore of the island is to the left. No
ships are shown. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips
3657, v. 1, no. 18.
Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 2, no. 21a; LeGear 10320, v. 2, no. 55a
(Publish'd according to Act of Parliament
July 26, 1777 by J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr.).
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Publish'd according to Act
of Parliament July 26, 1777 by J.F.W. Des-
Barres Esqr." Aquatint with etching iyi
x i$yi in. (image). The shore of the island is in
the left part of the picture. Various ships are
shown. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198,
v. 2, no. 25.
387
Ramea Isles on the S.W. Coast of Newfound-
land, bearing N.N.W. 4 Miles distant. [J.F.W.
Des Barres, 1777]
Etching (hand colored) y^i x 12^ in. (image)
No ships are shown. The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 3657, v. 1, no. 18.


Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 2, no. 21 a; LeGear 10320, v. 2, no. 55a
(Publish'd according to Act of Parliament
July 26, 1777 by J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr.).
Another copy reading, "Ramea
Isles on the S:W: Coast of Newfoundland,
bearing N.N.W. 4 Miles distant. Publish'd
according to Act of Parliament July 26, 1777
by J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr." Aquatint with
etching x 12^ in. (image). Various ships
are shown. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips
1198, v. 2, no. 25.
388
Sta. Maria Island the Southernmost of the
Western Isles, bearing N.b.E. 9 Leagues
distant. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1777]
Etching (hand colored) J^i x 12 in. (image)
No ships are shown. The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 3657, v. 1, no. 18.
Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 2, no 21a; LeGear 10320, v. 2, no. 55a
(Publish'd according to Act of Parliament
July 26, 1777 by J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr.).
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Publish'd according to Act of
Parliament July 26,1777 by J.F.W. DesBarres
Esqr." Aquatint with etching j^i x 12 in.
(image). Various ships are shown. The Atlantic
Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 2, no. 25.
389
A View of Louisbourg from the North East.
[Publish'd according to Act of Parliament
July 26, 1777 by J.F.W. Des Barres Esqr.]
Aquatint with etching 15 x 16% in.
The town and principal fort are visible on the
horizon at the center of the picture. The
Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 2, no. 26.
LC-USZ62-46048
Another impression. Phillips 3658,
pt. 2, no. 7a.

389
HI


390

A View of Louisburg. Publish'd according to
Act of Parliament Octr. 4. 1777, by J.F.W.
DesBarres Esqr.
Etching (hand colored) 15^ x in.
The walled town is to the left, an island
redoubt in the center, and a lighthouse to
the right. In the foreground two barges filled
with troops are being rowed toward the light-
house, and in the inner harbor four ships are
anchored. The Atlantic Neptune. LeGear 10323,
v. 2, no. 20a.
391
A View taken from the Entrance of Louis-
bourg Harbour. Publish'd according to Act
of Parliament, Jany. 29, 1778, by J.F.W.
DesBarres Esqr.
Etching (hand colored) 14^ x 22^ in.
(image)
The fortress is in the background at the
left. The Atlantic Neptune. LeGear 10317, v.
1, no. 7. LC-USZ62-46065
Another impression. LeGear 10320,
v. 2, no. 55.
392
[A View of Milford Haven. J.F.W. DesBarres,
1774-81]
Etching 3^ x i8>^ in. (image)
Forest scene in the left foreground, Hadley
beach in center, Bay of Chedabucto to the
right. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1199, v.
1, no. 35.
Other impressions: Phillips 1200, v.
1, no. 34; Phillips 1201, v. 1, no. 34; Phillips
1202, v. 1, no. 34; Phillips 1203, v- *> no- 345
Phillips 3655, v. 1, no. 30; Phillips 3656, v.
1, no. 30; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 30; LeGear
10323, v. 1, no. 30.
i48



393
[Milford Haven. The Head of the Bay of
Chedabucto] Survey'd and Publish'd according
to Act of Parliament July I, 1777 by J.F.W.
DesBarres Esqr.
Etching (hand colored) 3^ x 15^ in. (image)
The entrance to Milford Haven is to the
left. Phillips 1250, v. I, no. 37.
Another impression. LeGear 10320,
v. 2, no. 51.
Another copy. "Survey'd and
Publish'd according to Act of Parliament Feb.
1, 1779 by J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr." Phillips
1205, v. I, no. 37.
Another copy. "Survey'd and
Publish'd according to Act of Parliament
May it: 1781 by J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr."
Aquatint with etching. Phillips 1198, v. 1.
no. 49. LC-USZ62-46043
394
Crow Harbor, on the South Shore of Cheda-
buctou Bay. W.N.W. four Leagues from
Canso. Published according to Act of Parlia-
ment by J.F.W. DesBarres, April 1, 1779.
Etching \ x 724 in. (image)
The entrance to the harbor is to the right,
Philip inlet to the left. The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 45.
Other impressions: Phillips 1199,
v. I., no. 34; Phillips 1200, v. I, no. 33; Phillips
1201, v. 1, no. 33; Phillips 1202, v. 1, no. 33;
Phillips 1203, v. 1, no. 33; Phillips 1205, v. 1,
no. 36; Phillips 1250, v. 2, no. 22; Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 29; Phillips 3655, v. 1, no. 29; Phillips
3656, v. 1, no. 29; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no 29;
LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 29; LeGear 10320, v. 2,
no. 49.
395
395
[View of the entrance to White Haven]
Publish'd according to Act of Parliament, by
J.F.W. Des Barres, March 20th, 1774.
Etching iyi x 18^ in. (image)
View set into a map entitled "W7hite Haven"
and "Port Howe." Identifies three islands
which surround White Haven: Cape Martingo,
Three Top Island, and Whitehead Island.
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 1,
no. 45. LC-USZ62-46040
Other impressions: Phillips n99, v.
I, no. 31; Phillips 1200, v. I, no. 31; Phillips
1201, v. 1, no. 31; Phillips 1202, v. 1, no. 31;
Phillips 1203, v. 1, no. 31; Phillips 1205, v.
1, no. 34; Phillips 1250, v. 2, no. 20; Phillips
3658, pt. 1, no. 27; Phillips 3655, v. 1, no.
27; Phillips 3656, v. 1, no. 27; Phillips 4473,
v. 1, no. 28; LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 27; LeGear
10320, v. 2, no. 47.
149


397


150


396
Berry Head bearing North 210 East Distant
6 Miles & White Head Island North 630
East Distant 11 Miles. Survey'd & Publish'd
according to Act of Parliament by Joseph
Frederick Wallet DesBarres Esqr. May 1st,
1781.
Etching lyi x 25 in. (image)
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. I,
no. 44.
Other impressions: Phillips 1199,
v. 1, no. 30; Phillips 1201, v. 1, no. 30; Phillips
1202, v. 1, no. 30; Phillips 1205, v. 1, no. 33;
Phillips 1250, v. 2, no. 19; Phillips 3658, pt. 1,
no. 26; Phillips 3655, v. 1, no. 26; Phillips
3656, v. I, no. 26; Phillips 4473, v. I, no. 26;
LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 26; LeGear 10320, v.
2, no. 46.
397
Appearance of the Land from the White Islands
to St. Marys River taken two Leagues off
Shore. Published according to Act of Parlia-
ment July the 30th. 1777. by J.F.W. DesBarres
Esq.
Etching (hand colored) 2 x 40 in. (image)
No ships are shown. The Atlantic Neptune.
LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 29a.
—■ Another impression. LeGear 10320,
v. 2, no. 52.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Published according to Act
of Parliament May the 1st 1781 by J.F.W.
DesBarres Esq." Aquatint with etching 2
x 39^4 in. (image). The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 11985 V. i, no. 41. The negative number
for this picture and the next seven is
LC-USZ6 2-4603 9.
398
The Entrance of Milford Haven at the
Head of Chedabucto Bay. Published accord-
ing to Act of Parliament July the 30th. 1777.
by J.F.W. DesBarres Esq.
Etching (hand colored) 5 x 15^4 in. (image)
The entrance to the bay is to the left. The
Atlantic Neptune. LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 29a.
Another impression. LeGear 10320,
v. 2, no. 52.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Published according to Act of
Parliament May the 1st 1781 by J.F.W.
DesBarres Esq." Aquatint with etching x
15^4 in. (image). The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 41.
399
The Entrance of Port Bickerton bearing
N.W. Published according to Act of Parlia-
ment July the 30th. 1777. by J.F.W. DesBarres
Esq.
Etching (hand colored) x 15^ in.
(image)
The Atlantic Neptune. LeGear 10323, v. 1,
no. 29a.
Another impression. LeGear 10320,
v. 1, no. 52.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Published according to Act of
Parliament May the 1st 1781 by J.F.W.
DesBarres Esq." Aquatint with etching 5^
x 15^4 in. (image). The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 41.
4OO
A View taken off the Entrance of Beaver
Harbor Bald Tsle bearing E. T50 N. Published
according to Act of Parliament July the 30th.
1777. by J.F.W. DesBarres Esq.
Etching (hand colored) 4 x 20 in (image)
The island is to right of center. No ships are
shown. The Atlantic Neptune. LeGear 10323,
v. 1, no. 29a.
Another impression. LeGear 10320,
v. 2, no. 52.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Published according to Act
of Parliament May the 1st 1781 by J.F.W.
DesBarres Esq." Aquatint with etching 4 x
19^ in. (image). The Atlantic Neptune,
Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 41.
4OI
A View taken in the Offing of Beaver Harbor
Bald Isle bearing W. by S. % S. distant yi
of a Mile. Published according to Act of Parlia-
ment July the 30th. 1777. by J.F.W. DesBarres
Esq.
Etching (hand colored 4 x 19^4 in. (image)
The island is in the center, and the entrance
to the harbor is to the right. No ships are
shown. The Atlantic Neptune. LeGear 10323,
v. 1, no. 29a.
Another impression. LeGear 10320,
v. 2, no. 52.
■—■ ■—Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Published according to Act of
Parliament May the 1st 1781 by J.F.W.
DesBarres Esq." Aquatint with etching 4 x
19^ in. (image). The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 41.
402
Appearance of the Shore to the Westward of
Canso Cranberry Isle bearing N. by E.
E. distant 4 Miles. Published according to
Act of Parliament July the 30th. 1777. by
J.F.W. DesBarres Esq.
Etching (hand colored) 2^ x in.
(image)
The Atlantic Neptune. LeGear 10323, v. 1,
no. 29a.
Another impression. LeGear 10320,
v. 2, no. 52.
151


Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Published according to Act of
Parliament May the ist 1781 by J.F.W.
DesBarres Esq." Aquatint with etching 1% x
19^4 in. (image). The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips
1198, v. 1, no. 41.
The Beaver Islands. C. Bald Isle N. E.
Published according to Act of Parliament July
the 30th. 1777. by J.F.W. DesBarres Esq.
Etching (hand colored) 1% x 19^ in.
(image)
No ships are shown. The Atlantic Neptune.
LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 29a.
The Atlantic Neptune. LeGezr 10323, v. 1,
no. 29a.
Another impression. LeGear 10320,
v. 2, no. 52.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Published according to Act
of Parliament May the ist 1781 by J.F.W.
DesBarres Esq." Aquatint with etching 1% x
19^2 in. (image). The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 41.
404
Appearance of the S:E: Point of Nova Scotia
taken from Canso Island Shewing the dis-
tant Land of Richmond Isles the Gut of
Canso &c. Published according to Act of
Parliament July the 30th. 1777. by J.F.W.
DesBarres Esq.
Etching (hand colored) 6% x 38^ in.
(image)
A small village is on an island in the right
foreground; a few ships are near the village.
The Atlantic Neptune. LeGear 10323, v. 1, no.
29a.
Another impression. LeGear 10320,
v. 2, no. 52.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Published according to Act of
Parliament May the ist 1781 by J.F.W.
DesBarres Esq." Aquatint with etching 6^ x
38%^ in. (image). The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 41.
405
Cape Southampton West 1 Mile & }4 distant.
Survey'd and Publish'd according to Act of
Parliament Feby 7, 1779, by J.F.W. DesBarres
Esqr.
Etching 3 x 18^4 in. (oval image)
The cape is on the right. The Atlantic Nep-
tune. Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 38.
Other impressions: Phillips 1199,
v. 1, no. 26; Phillips 1200, v. 1, no. 26; Phillips
1201, v. 1, no. 26; Phillips 1202, v. 1, no 26;
Phillips 1203, v. 1, no. 26; Phillips 1205, v.
1, no. 29; Phillips 1250, v. 2, no. 15; Phillips
3658, pt. 1, no. 22; Phillips 3655, v. I, no. 22;
Phillips 3656, v. 1, no. 23; Phillips 4473, v. 1,
no. 22; LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 22; LeGear
10320, v. 2, no. 41.
406
Entrance of Keppel Harbour North by West
4;H> Miles distant. Survey'd and Publish'd
according to Act of Parliament Feby 7, 1779,
by J.F.W. DesBarres.
Etching 3 x 18^4 in. (oval image)
Entrance to the harbor is on the right. The
Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 38.
Other impressions: Phillips 1199, v.
1, no. 26; Phillips 1200, v. 1, no. 26; Phillips
1201, v. 1, no. 26; Phillips 1202, v. 1, no. 26;
Phillips 1203, v- I> no- 26; Phillips 1205, v. 1,
no. 29; Phillips 1250, v. 2, no. 15; Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 22; Phillips 3655, v. 1, no. 22; Phillips
3656, v. 1, no. 23; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 22;
LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 22; LeGear 10320, v. 2,
no. 41.
407
Hopsons Nose bearing N:N:W: two Miles.
Survey'd & Publish'd according to Act of
Parliament by J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr. March
ist 1781.
Etching 3^ x 13^ in. (image)
Hopsons Nose (island) to the left. The At-
lantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 30.
Other impressions: Phillips 1199, v.
1, no. 23; Phillips 1200, v. 1, no. 23; Phillips
1201, v. 1, no. 23; Phillips 1202, v. 1, no. 23;
Phillips 1203, v. 1, no. 23; Phillips 1205, v. 1,
no. 26; Phillips 1250, v. 2, no. 12; Phillips 3658,
v. 1, no. 19; Phillips 3654, v. 1, no. 19; Phillips
3656, v. 1, no. 19; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 17;
LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 19; LeGear 10317, v. 1,
no. 20; LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 34.
408
Cape Spry N:N:E 1 Mile and }A distant.
Beaver Isles E. by N. 10 Miles distant. Wester-
most Ledge of Pegasus Wing East 5 Miles
distant. Publish'd according to Act of Parlia-
ment, by J.F.W. DesBarres, Esqr. March nth,
1779.
152


Etching 3^4 x 29^ in. (image in oval)
The caption identifies the landforms from
left to right. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips
1198, v. 1, no. 40.
Other impressions: Phillips 1199, v.
1, no. 27; Phillips 1200, v. 1, no. 27; Phillips
1201, v. 1, no. 27; Phillips 1202, v. 1, no. 27;
Phillips 1203, v. 1, no. 27; Phillips 1205, v. 1,
no. 30; Phillips 1250, v. 2, no. 16; Phillips 3658;
pt. 1, no. 23; Phillips 3655, v. I, no. 23; Phillips
3656, v. 1, no. 23; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 23,
LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 23; LeGear 13020, v. 2,
no. 43.
409
View of Cape Egmont and Winter Rock from
the Eastward. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1777?]
Etching (hand colored) 4^4 x i8>^ in. (image)
The cape is to the left and the bluffs of
Winter Rock to the right. The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 3657, v. 1, no. 22.
Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 1, no. 21a; LeGear 10320, v. 2, no. 42.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Publishd according to Act of
Parliament April 1st 1781, by J.F.W. Des
Barres Esqr." Aquatint with etching \yi x 18^
in. (image). Ships in the foreground. The At-
lantic Neptune. Phillips TT98, v. t, no. 39.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 21a; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 21.
4IO
Entrance of Egmont Harbor. [J.F.W. Des
Barres, 1777?]
Etching (hand colored) 3}i x iS^i in.
(image)
Entrance in right, center of picture. The
Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 1, no. 22.
Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 1, no. 21a; LeGear 10320, v. 2, no. 42.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Publishd according to Act of
Parliament April 1st 1781, by J.F.W. Des
Barres Esqr." Aquatint with etching 2lA x i8>^
in. (image). Entrance in right center of pic-
ture. Ships in the foreground. The Atlantic
Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 39.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 21a; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 21.
411
The Entrance of Keppel Harbor; 10 Leagues
to the Eastward of Halifax. [J.F.W. Des Barres,
1777?] _
Etching (hand colored) i}4 x 16^ in.
(image)
Depicts "A. Owls Head." The Atlantic
Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 1, no. 22.
Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 1, no. 21a; LeGear 10320, v. 2, no. 42.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Publishd according to Act of
Parliament April 1st 1781, by J.F.W. Des-
Barres Esqr." Aquatint with etching i]A x 16^
in. (image). Ships in the foreground. The At-
lantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 39.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 21a; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 21.
412
Falls of Hinchinbroke River, the North East
Branch of Sandwich Bay. [J.F.W. Des Barres,
1777?] _
Etching (hand colored) 4 x \y% in. (circular
(image)
A woodland scene. The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 3657, v. 1, no. 22.
Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 1, no. 21a; LeGear 10320, v. 2, no. 42.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Publishd according to Act of
Parliament April 1st 1781, by J.F.W. Des-
Barres Esqr." Aquatint with etching 4 x 4 in.
(circular image). The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips
1198, v. 1, no. 39.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 21a; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 21.
413
The Entrance into Chisetcook Inlet 4 Leagues
Eastward of Halifax. [J.F.W. Des Barres,
1777?] _
Etching (hand colored) 3^ x 16^4 in. (image)
The entrance is in the right center. No ships
are shown. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 3657,
v. 1, no. 22.
Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 1, no. 21a; LeGear 10320, v. 2, no. 42.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Publishd according to Act
of Parliament April 1st 1781, by J.F.W.
DesBarres Esqr." Aquatint with etching 3^ x
!53



1in (image). Ships in the foreground.
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. i, no. 39.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 21a; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 21.
414 ■
Dartmouth Shore in the Harbor of Halifax.
[J.F.W. Des Barres, 1777?]
Etching (hand colored) 6 x 16^ in. (image)
Founded in 1749 to strengthen the English
claim to Nova Scotia, Halifax was the location
of the Vice Admiralty Court established by
George Grenville in 1764. Part of the plan to
enforce the trade laws more stringently in
North America, the Vice Admiralty Court was
protested as a threat to colonial liberties as it
deprived the colonists of local justice in customs
cases. Halifax was also a major depot for sup-
plies during the Revolutionary War. The
Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 1, no. 22.
Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 1, no. 21a; LeGear 10320, v. 2, no. 42.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Publishd according to Act of
Parliament April 1st 1781, by J.F.W. Des-
Barres Esqr." Aquatint with etching 6 x 16^4
in. (image). The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips
1198, v. 1, no. 39.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 21a; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 21.
415
Light House S.W.b.S. 1. Mile distant. Sur-
vey'd and Published according to Act of
Parliament by J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr. April
1st, 1781.
Etching $yi x 1^)4 in. (circular image)
Coastal view set into a map of Halifax
Harbor. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198,
4*4
v. 1, no. 33. LC-USZ62-46036
Other impressions: Phillips 1202, v.
1, no. 24; Phillips 1205, v. 1, no. 27; Phillips
3658, v. 1, no. 20; Phillips 3655, v. 1, no. 20;
Phillips 3656, v. 1, no. 20; LeGear 10323, v. 1,
no. 20; LeGear 10320, v. 2, no. 37.
——■ —Other copies: Title reads, "Light
House S.E. 1 Mile distant." Etching. Ships
absent. Phillips 1199, v. 1, no. 24; Phillips 1200,
v. 1, no. 24; Phillips 1201, v. 1, no. 24; Phillips
1203, v. 1, no. 24; Phillips 1250, v. 2, no. 13;
Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 19.
416
(a) Light House West 3° South 2^ Miles
distant (b) Chebucto Head North 40 West
distant 2 Miles (c) Citadel Hill Survey'd and
Published according to Act of Parliament by
J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr. April 1st, 1781.
154



Etching (hand colored) 4.J/8 x 53^6 in. (image)
Coastal view set below a map of Halifax
Harbor. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198,
v. 1, no. 33.
Other impressions: Phillips 1202,
v. 1, no. 24; Phillips 1205, v. 1, no. 27; Phillips
3658, v. I, no. 20; Phillips 3655, v. I, no. 20;
Phillips 3656, v. 1, no. 20; LeGear 10323, v.
I, no. 20; LeGear 10320, v. 2, no. 37.
Other copies. These are farther
views in oval with no hand coloring and no
letters to designate points. Etching. Phillips
1199, v. 1, no. 24; Phillips 1200, v. 1, no. 24;
Phillips 1201, v. i, no. 24; Phillips 1203, v. 1,
no. 24; Phillips 1250, v. 2, no. 13; Phillips 4473,
v. 1, no. 19.
417
A View from the South Eastward of Halifax
Harbor. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 177?]
Etching (hand colored) i^i x 25^4 in. (image)
This picture identifies "The High-lands of
Jeddore, bearing N.E.b.E. 3 leagues distant."
The At/antic Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 1,
no. 21.
Other impressions: Phillips 4473,
v. 1, no. 18; LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 39a; Le-
Gear 10323, v. 1, no. 20a.
Another copy with same title,
but imprint reads, "Publish'd according to
Act of Parliament, July 26, 1777 by J.F.W.
DesBarres Esqr." Aquatint with etching.
Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 36.
Another impression. Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 20a.
418
Appearance of the Shore (at three Miles off)
four or five leagues to the Eastward of Halifax
Harbor. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 177?]
Etching (hand colored) 1)4 x 25X in.
(image)
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 1,
no. 21.
Other impressions: Phillips 4473, v.
1, no. 18; LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 39a; Le-
Gear 10323, v. 1, no. 20a.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Publish'd according to Act of
Parliament, July 26, 1777 by J.F.W. DesBarres
Esqr." Aquatint with etching. Phillips 1198,
v. 1, no. 36.
Another impression. Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 20a.
155


419
A View taken 4 Miles off Shore, Halifax Har-
bor bearing North. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 177?]
Etching (hand colored) il/2 x 23*^ in.
(image)
The picture indicates "A. Sambro Light-
house, B. Halifax harbor, and C. Rocky Bay."
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 1, no.
21.
Other impressions: Phillips 4473,
v. 1, no. 18; LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 39a;
and LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 20a.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Publish'd according to Act of
Parliament, July 26, 1777 by J.F.W. Des-
Barres Esqr." Aquatint with etching. Phillips
1198, v. 1, no. 36.
Another impression. Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 20a.
420
Sambro Light-house, bearing west iy£ Miles
distant. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 177?]
Etching (hand colored) x 22 in. (image)
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 1,
no. 11.
Other impressions: Phillips 4473, v.
1, no. 18; LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 39a; LeGear
10323, v. 1, no. 20a.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Publish'd according to Act
of Parliament, July 26, 1777 by J.F.W.
DesBarres Esqr." Aquatint with etching.
Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 36.
Another impression. Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 20a.
421
Sambro Light-house, south-east distant 1
Mile. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 177?]
Etching (hand colored) 3^2 x iij/k in.
(image)
The lighthouse is right of center. The Atlantic
Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 1, no. 21.
Other impressions: Phillips 4473,
v. 1, no. 18; LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 39a;
LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 20a.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Publish'd according to Act of
Parliament, July 26, 1777 by J.F.W. Des-
Barres Esqr." Aquatint with etching. Phillips
1198, v. 1, no. 36.
—Another impression. Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 20a.
422
Chebucto Head, bearing North 6° East, dis-
tant 2 Miles. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 177?]
Etching (hand colored) i}i x 25^ in.
(image)
The Head is in the right part of the picture;
also identified are Sambro lighthouse and Hali-
fax Harbor. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips
3657, v. 1, no. 21.
Other impressions: Phillips 4473,
v. 1, no. 18; LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 39a;
LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 20a.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Publish'd according to Act of
Parliament, July 26, 1777 by J.F.W. DesBarres
Esqr." Aquatint with etching. Phillips 1198,
v. 1, no. 36.
Another impression. Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 20a.
423
Halifax in Nova Scotia. Publish'd according
to Act of Parliament, Octr. 14, 1777 by J.F.W.
DesBarres Esqr.
Etching (hand colored) 15^ x 11 yi in.
Two boys in foreground, one holding a dog.
A man launches a small boat into the harbor.
The view looks out over the harbor and city
of Halifax to the sea. The Atlantic Neptune^
LeGear 10320, v. 2, no. 39.
424
A View of the Town & Harbour of Halifax,
from Dartmouth Shore. Pubd. as the Act
Directs by J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr. March
1st, 1781.
Aquatint with etching 20 x 28^ in.
The town and fortress are to the right.
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 1, no.
35. LC-USZ62-34798
Another impression. LeGear 10323,
v. 1, no. 19a.
425
A View of the East End of the Isle Sable,
bearing S:2°W: distant 4 Miles, Naked Sand
Hills appearing over the Land, Rams Head
S:57°W: distant 17 Miles. [J.F.W. Des Barres,
1777?] _
Etching (hand colored) iyi x 23^ in.
(image)
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 1,
no. 16.
Other impressions: Phillips 4473, v.
1, no. 4; LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 38; LeGear
10320, v. 2, no. 64.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Publish'd according to Act of
Parliament June 1, 1779. by J.F.W. DesBarres
Esqr." Aquatint with etching 2^ x 23^ in.
(image). Ships in the waters. The Atlantic
Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 64. The nega-
tive number for this picture and the next four
is LC-USZ62-46045.
Other impressions: Phillips 1205, v.
1, no. 3; Phillips 3658, pt. 1, 2a.
156



157



426, 427, 428, 429
i58


426
The Eastern End of the Isle Sable, taken from
the Southward. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1777?]
Etching (hand colored) 4^ x 23-^ in.
(image)
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 1, no.
16.
Other impressions: Phillips 4473, v.
1, no. 4; LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 38; LeGear
10320, v. 2, no. 64.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Publish'd according to Act of
Parliament June 1, 1779. by J.F.W. DesBarres
Esqr." Aquatint with etching 4^ x 23^ in.
(image). Ships in the waters. The Atlantic Nep-
tune. Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 64.
Other impressions: Phillips 1205, v.
1, no. 3; Phillips 3658, pt. 1, no. 2a.
427
A View taken from the South Side of the N:E:
Barr, in 13 Fathoms of Water; the Body of the
Isle Sable bearing W: distant 5^3 Miles.
[J.F.W. Des Barres, 1777?!
Etching (hand colored) 3^4 x n^i in.
(image)
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 1,
no. 16.
Other impressions: Phillips 4473, v.
1, no. 4; LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 38; LeGear
10320, v. 2, no. 64.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Publish'd according to Act of
Parliament June 1, 1779. by J.F.W. DesBarres
Esqr." Aquatint with etching 3^4 x ii-Hj in.
(image). Ships in the waters. The Atlantic Nep-
tune. Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 64.
Other impressions: Phillips 1205, v.
1, no. 3; Phillips 3658, pt. 1, no. 2a.
428
A View taken from the Ridge of the N:E:Barr,
the Isle Sable bearing W:i2°S: distant i6>£
Miles. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1777?]
Etching (hand colored) 3^4 x 7^ in. (image)
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 1, no.
16.
Other impressions: Phillips 4473, v.
1, no. 4; LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 38; LeGear
10320, v. 2, no. 64.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Publish'd according to Act of
Parliament June 1, 1779. by J.F.W. DesBarres
Esqr." Aquatint with etching 3^4 x 7^4 in.
(image). Ships in the waters. The Atlantic Nep-
tune. Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 64.
Other impressions: Phillips 1205, v.
1, no. 3; Phillips 3658, pt. 1, no. 2a.
429
A View of the North Shore of the Isle Sable;
Rams Head appearing over the Land, and
bearing W:S:W: iy2 Miles distant. [J.F.W.
Des Barres, 1777?]
Etching (hand colored) 3^2 x 26}^ in.
(image)
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 1, no.
16.
Other impressions: Phillips 4473, v.
1, no. 4; LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 38; LeGear
10320, v. 2, no. 64.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Publish'd according to Act of
Parliament June 1, 1779 by J.F.W. DesBarres
Esqr." Aquatint with etching x 26% in.
(image). Ships in the waters. The Atlantic Nep-
tune. Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 64.
Other impressions: Phillips 1205, v.
1, no. 3; Phillips 3658, pt. 1, no. 2a.
430
West End of the Isle of Sable from the North-
ward, 2 Miles distant. Entrance of the Pond.
[J.F.W. DesBarres, 1776-77?]
Etching (hand colored) 27A x 3°/^ in. (image)
Entrance of the pond to the left; west end of
the island to the right. The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 3657, v. 1, no. 20.
Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 1, no. 36a; LeGear 10320, v. 2, no. 65.
431
Wreckers Den near the Pond on the Isle of
Sable. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1776-77?]
Etching (hand colored) 6 x 12^ in. (image)
In the foreground three men work around a
cabin which is built into a sand dune. In the
background men chase horses, and on top of a
large dune a surveyor is at work. The sea is to
the right. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 3657,
v. 1, no. 20.
Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 1, no. 36a; LeGear 10320, v. 2, no. 65.
432
North Shore. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1776-77?]
Etching (hand colored) 6y& x %y& in. (image)
The picture shows large sand dunes with
grass on top. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips
3657, v. 1, no. 20.
Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 1, no. 36a; LeGear 10320, v. 2, no. 65.
433
North Shore of Isle Sable, 2 Miles distant.
[J.F.W. Des Barres, 1776-77?]
Etching (hand colored) 4 x 39^ in. (image)
159





The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. I,
no. 20.
Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 1, no. 36a; LeGear 10320, v. 2, no. 65.
434
A View from the Camp at the East End of
the Naked Sand Hills, on the South East
Shore of the Isle of Sable. Pub According to
Act of Parliament June 1, 1781 by J.F.W.
DesBarres Esqr.
Aquatint with etching 21% x 30^ in.
(image)
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 1,
no. 65. LC-USZ62-46046
Other impressions: Phillips 1205, v.
1, no. 5; LeGear 10232, v. 1, no. 37; LeGear
10230, v. 2, no. 67.
435
A. Cape Prospect bearing N: by E: distant
101/, Miles. B. Cape Sambro N:N:E: % E:
14 Miles. [J.F.W. DesBarres, 1777?]
Etching (hand colored) iyk x 13^ in.
(image)
Landforms in the far background. No ships
are shown. The Atlantic Neptune. LeGear
10323, v. 1, no. 16a.
Other impressions: LeGear 10317,
v. 1, no. iod; LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 35.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Pub. as the Act Directs by
J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr. March 1st 1779-"
Aquatint with etching iyi x 13^ in. (image).
Landforms in the far background. Ships in the
water. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198,
v. 1, no. 19.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
v. 1, no. 3a; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 14.
436
C. The High Lands of Haspotagoen bearing
N: W: yi N being three Leagues off Shore.
[J.F.W. DesBarres, 1777?!
Etching (hand colored) iyi x 17^ in.
(image)
The landform in the far background. The
Atlantic Neptune. LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 16a.
—■—■—-—-—Other impressions: LeGear 10317, v.
1, no. iod; LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 35.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Pub as the Act Directs by
J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr. March 1st 1779."
Aquatint with etching 1]/% x 17^ in. (image).
The landform in the far background. Ships in
the water. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198,
v. 1, no. 19.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
v. 1, no. 3a; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 14.
437
The Ovens at the Entrance of Lunenburg
Bay. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1777?!
Etching (hand colored) 4^ x 6% in. (image)
The bluff's to the left. This image is set into
an oval. The Atlantic Neptune. LeGear 10323,
v. 1, no. 16a.
Other impressions: LeGear 10317,
v. 1, no. iod; LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 35.
—■—■———Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Pub as the Act Directs by
J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr. March 1st 1779."
Aquatint with etching 4^ x 6% in. (image).
The bluffs to the left. Ships in the water. This
image is set into an oval. The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 19.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658, v.
1, no. 3a; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 14.
438
D. Cape Sable bearing N.N.W. distant 1
Leagues. E. The Entrance of Barrington
Bay N: by E: [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1777?]
Etching (hand colored) 1% x 2o>^ in.
(image)
Cape Sable to the left and the bay to the
right. No ships are shown. The Atlantic
Neptune. LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 16a.
Other impressions: LeGear 10317,
v. 1, no. iod; LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 35.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Pub as the Act Directs by
J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr. March 1st 1779."
Aquatint with etching lyi x 10^/2 in. (image).
Cape Sable to the left and the bay to the right.
Ships in the water. The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 19.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
v. 1, no. 3a; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 14.
439
F. Cape Sable bearing N. E: by N: distant
4 Miles. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1777?]
Etching (hand colored) 3X x 20^2 in.
(image)
The cape to the right. No ships are shown.
The Atlantic Neptune. LeGear 10323, v. 1. no.
16a.
■—■ ■—■—Other impressions: LeGear 10317,
v. 1, no. iod; LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 35.
——Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Pub as the Act Directs by
J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr. March 1st 1779."
Aquatint with etching 3^ x 20^ in. (image).
The cape to the right. Ships in the water.
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 1, no.
19-
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
v. 1, no. 3a; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 14.
161




l62



445a
44O
The South West Coast of Nova Scotia the
Brazil Sunken Rock bearing E.b.S. y2 Mile.
[J.F.W. Des Barres, 1776-77?]
Etching (hand colored) 3 x 38 in. (image)
Legend reads: "a. Cape Sable W.N.W.; b.
Cape Negro N.N.E." The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 3657, v. 1, no. 23.
— Other impressions: LeGear 10317,
v. 1, no. 10b; LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 27.
441
Cape Sable. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1776-77?]
Etching (hand colored) $}i x 41^ in. (image)
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 1,
no. 23.
Other impressions: LeGear 10317,
v. 1, no. 10b; LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 27.
442
The South West Coast of Nova Scotia. [J.F.W.
Des Barres, 1776-77?]
Etching (hand colored) 27A in. (image)
Legend reads: "a. Cape Negro, N.W.b.W.
2 Miles b. Argyle Head in the Entrance of
Port Campbell." The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips
3657, v. 1, no. 24.
Other impressions: LeGear 10317,
v. 1, no. 23; LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 26.
443
The South West Coast of Nova Scotia. [J.F.W.
Des Barres, 1776-77?]
Etching (hand colored) 4^ x 33^4 in. (image)
Legend reads: "a. Cape Sable W.S.W. 4
Leagues; b. Port Haldimand." The Atlantic
Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 1, no. 24.
Other impressions: LeGear 10317,
v. 1, no. 23; LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 26.
444
The Southern Seal Isle, N.N.W. 2 Leagues
distant. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1776-77?]
Etching (hand colored) 2l/2 x 7>^ in. (image)
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 1,
no. 24.
Other impressions: LeGear 10317,
v. 1, no. 23; LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 26.
445
View of the Entrance into Annapolis Bason.
[J.F.W. Des Barres, 1776-77?]
Etching (hand colored) 4^ x 36^ in. (image)
The caption identifies: "A. Gulliver's Hole
B. Sandy Cove." The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 3657, v. 1, no. 14. Items 445, 446, and
449-451 are illustrated in color.
Another impression. LeGear 10320,
v. 1, no. 19.
—■ Another copy entitled, "A View
of the Entrance of the Gut of Annapolis
Royal." [J.F.W. Des Barres, 178?]. Aquatint
with etching 6>£ x 35^4 in. (image). A closer
view than the previous copy with many ships
added. The Atlantic Neptune. LeGear 10317,
v. 1, no. 9a. LC-USZ62-46064
446
View of the North Entrance of Grand Passage.
[J.F.W. Des Barres, 1776-77?]
Etching (hand colored) 8 x 36^4 in. (image)
The entrance is to the right. The Atlantic
Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 1, no. 14.
Another impression. LeGear 10320,
v. 1, no. 19.
447
A View of the Entrance of Petit Passage.
Publishd as the Act directs 1st Jany 1780.
[J.F.W. Des Barres]
Aquatint with etching 14 x 17 in.
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 1,
no. 12. LC-USZ62-46034
Another impression. LeGear 10317,
v. 1, no. 9a (trimmed to image 10 x 16 in.).
448
Grand Passage in the Bay Fundy, on the West-
ern Shore of Nova Scotia. Publishd as the Act
163



164


directs ist Jany 1780. [J.F.W. Des Barres]
Aquatint with etching 12 x 23^ in.
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 1,
no. 12. LC-USZ62-46035
449
View of Eden and Gascoyne Rivers, at the
Entrance of the Basin of Mines. [J.F.W.
Des Barres, 1776-77?]
Etching (hand colored) x 36^4 in. (image)
Eden River to the left; Gascoyne River to the
right with a ship anchored in its channel.
Five Indians dance around a fire on cliffs to
the right. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 3657,
v. 1, no. 14.
Another impression. LeGear 10320,
v. 1, no. 19.
450
View of Annapolis Royal. [J.F.W. Des Barres,
1776-77?]
Etching (hand colored) x 19^ in. (image)
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 1,
no. 14.
Another impression. LeGear 10320,
v. 1, no. 19.
451
View of the North Entrance of Petit Passage.
[J.F.W. Des Barres, 1776-77?]
Etching (hand colored) x 19^ in. (image)
Passage to the right of center. The Atlantic
Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 1, no. 14.
Another impression. LeGear 10320,
v. 1, no. 19.
452
View of Gulliver's Hole. Published According
to Act of Parliament, by J.F.W. DesBarres,
Esqr. January ist, 1781.

Etching x 19 in. (image)
This view is an inset into a map of Annapolis
Royal and St. Mary's Bay. The Atlantic
Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 10.
-Other impressions: Phillips 1199,
v. 1, no. 10; Phillips 1200, v. 1, no. 10; Phillips
1201, v. 1, no. 10; Phillips 1202, v. 1, no. 10;
Phillips 1203, v- r) no- IO; Phillips 1205, v.
1, no. 13; Phillips 1250, v. 1, no. 7; Phillips
3658, pt. 1, no. 8; Phillips 3655, v. 1, no. 8;
Phillips 3656, v. 1, no. 8; Phillips 3657, v. 1,
no. 5; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 46; LeGear
10323, v. 1, no. 8; LeGear 10317, v. 1, no. 10;
LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 18.
453
Annapolis Royal. Published as the Act
directs by J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr. Jany. ist
1781.
Aquatint with etching 15^ x 23^2 in.
View across the bay; the city on bluffs,
mountains in the background. The Atlantic
Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. II.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658, pt.
1, no. 8a; and LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 8a.
Another copy, smaller and trimmed
to image, entitled, "A View of Annapolis
Royal" 10 x 18^ in. LeGear 10317, v. 1, no. 9a.
LC-USZ6 2-46063
454
The Isle Haut, bearing N.b.W. distant 4
Miles and Cape Chignecto, N.N.E. 3 Leagues.
[J.F.W. DesBarres, 1777?]
Etching (hand colored) 3^ x 19^4 in.
(image)
The isle set to left and the cape to right.
No ships are shown. A farther view than that
165




illustrated. The Atlantic Neptune. LeGear
10317, v. 1, no. 9c.
Another impression. LeGear 1032c,
v. 1, no. 16.
Another copy with same title
but of a later date. [178?] Aquatint with etch-
ing 27A x 19% in. (image). The Atlantic Nep-
tune. Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 6. The negative
number for this picture and the next five is
LC-USZ6 2-4603 2.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 7b; LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 6b.
455
The Western Cliffs of Cape Dore. [J.F.W.
Des Barres, 1777?]
Etching (hand colored) 4^ x 14^ in.
(image)
Cliffs are set to center and right of the pic-
ture. A single rowboat is in the foreground.
A farther view than that illustrated. The
Atlantic Neptune. LeGear 10317, v. 1, no. 9c.
Another impression. LeGear 10320,
v. 1, no. 16.
Another copy with same title but
of a later date. [178?] Aquatint with etching
4^4 x in. (image). The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 6.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 7b; LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 6b.
456
A View of Cape Baptist in the Entrance in
the Bason of Mines, bearing W.b.N. 2 Miles
distant. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1777?]
Etching (hand colored) 7^ x 14^ in.
(image)
A single ship sails into the entrance of the
basin in left center. A farther view than that
i66


illustrated. The Atlantic Neptune. LeGear
10317, v. 1, no. 9c.
Another impression. LeGear 10320,
v. 1, no. 16.
Another copy with same title but
of a later date. [178?! Aquatint with etching
7>4 x in. (image). The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 6.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. I, no. 7b; LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 6b.
457
A View of the Entrance into the Bason of
Mines, bearing East distant 4 Leagues.
[J.F.W. Des Barres, 1777?]
Etching (hand colored) iyk x 14^2 in.
(image)
The entrance to the basin in left center of
the picture. A farther view than that illustrated.
The Atlantic Neptune. LeGear 10317, v. 1,
no. 9c.
Another impression. LeGear 10320,
v. 1, no. 16.
Another copy with same title but
of a later date. [178?] Aquatint with etching
3 x 14^2 in. (image). The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 6.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 7b; LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 6b.
458
The Isle Haute, bearing W.N.W. distant 2
Miles. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1777?!
Etching (hand colored) 4X x 8/4 in* (image)
The island to the right. A farther view than
that illustrated. The Atlantic Neptune. LeGear
10317, v. 1, no. 9c.
Another impression. LeGear 10320,
v. 1, no. 16.
Another copy with same title but
of a later date. [178?] Aquatint with etching
4/4 x 8^6 in. (image). The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 6.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 7b; LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 6b.
459
Cape Blowmedown, open with Cape Split,
bearing E.N.E. 1 League distant. [J.F.W.
Des Barres, 1777?]
Etching (hand colored) 4^ x 8^2 in. (image)
The cape is on the right. A farther view than
that illustrated. The Atlantic Neptune. LeGear
10317, v. 1, no. 9c.
Another impression. LeGear 10320,
v. 1, no. 16.
Another copy with same title but of
a later date. [178?] Aquatint with etching
4/4 x %yi in. (image). The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 6.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 7b; LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 6b.
460
A View of Partridge Island, from the West.
Publish'd according to Act of Parliament July
26, 1777, by J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr.
Aquatint with etching 21 x 30^ in.
Distinguishes "A. The Harbor" and "B.
Cape Blowmedown, S.b.W. 4 Miles distant."
One ship at anchor in the left foreground; an-
other sailing to the right of the island in the
right foreground. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips
1198, v. 1, no. 4.
Other impressions: Phillips 3657, v.
1, no. 15 (hand colored); LeGear 10323, v. 1,
no. 5a; LeGear 10317, v. 1, no. 9b; LeGear
10320, v. 1, no. 17.


463

461
Cape Blowmedown. Published according to Act
of Parliament, July 26, 1777, by J.F.W. Des-
Barres Esqr.
Etching (hand colored) 5^ x 7^ in. (image)
No ships are shown. The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 3657, v. 1, no. 13.
Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 1, no. 6c; LeGear 10317, v. 1, no. 10c; Le-
Gear 10320, v. 1, no. 14.
Another copy with same title, but
imprints reads, "Publish'd as the Act directs
Jany 1st 1779 by J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr."
Aquatint with etching 5^ x 7^ in. (image).
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 7.
The negative number for this picture and the
next three is LC-USZ62-46033.
Another impression. Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 7a.

462
462
Cape Split. Published according to Act of Par-
liament, July 26, 1777, by J.F.W. DesBarres
Esqr.
Etching (hand colored) 5^ x j^i in. (image)
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 1,
no. 13.
Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 1, no. 6c; LeGear 10317, v. 1, no. 10c; Le-
Gear 10320, v. 1, no. 14.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Publish'd as the Act directs
Jany 1st 1779 by J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr."
Aquatint with etching 5^ x 7^4 in. (image).
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 7.
Another impression. Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 7a.
Spencers Island and the Entrance of Mines
Bason. Published according to Act of Parlia-
ment, July 26, 1777, by J.F.W. DesBarres
Esqr.
Etching (hand colored) x i6^i in. (image)
The entrance is to the right, and the island
is in the center. In the left foreground a man
plays a flute in a small boat, while three men
row and another fishes. The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 3657, v. 1, no. 13.
Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 1, no. 6c; LeGear 10317, v. 1, no. 10c; Le-
Gear 10320, v. 1, no. 14.
Another copy with different title
and imprint. "The Entrance of Mines Bason.
Publish'd as the Act directs Jany 1st 1779 by
J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr." Aquatint with etch-
ing yj4 x 16^2 in. (image). The entrance in the
center and Spencer's Island to the right of the
picture. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v.
1, no. 7.
Another impression. Phillips 3658,
pt. I, no. 7a.
464
Isle Haut and Cape Chegnecto. Published ac-
cording to Act of Parliament, July 26,1777, by
J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr.
Etching (hand colored) 8^ x i6>£ in. (image)
Three boats sail around the island in the
center; the cape is to the right. A farther view
than that illustrated. No ships are shown. The
Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 1, no. 13.
Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 1, no. 6c; LeGear 10317, v. 1, no. 10c; Le-
Gear 10320, v. 1, no. 14.
Another copy with same title, but
imprint reads, "Publish'd as the Act directs
Jany 1st 1779 by J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr."
168






Aquatint with etching 7^ x 16^ in. (image).
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 1, no. 7.
Another impression. Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 7a.
465
A View of Campo Bello at the Entrance of
Passamaquady Bay. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1780I
Aquatint with etching 12 x 14^ in. (image)
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 3, no.
5. LC-USZ62-31951
Another impression. LeGear 10323,
v. 2, no. 26c.
Another copy with minor varia-
tions. LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 9 (hand colored).
466
The North Point of Grandmanan Island in
the Bay Fundy bearing E.N.E. distant two
Leagues. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1779-80?]
Etching (hand colored) 11 x 15 in. (image)
The cliffs of the point are in the right two-
thirds of the picture. A farther view than that
illustrated. No ships are shown. The Atlantic
Neptune. LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 9.
Another copy with same title but of
a later date [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1780]. Aqua-
tint with etching 11% x 15 in. (image). The
Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 3, no. 5.
LC-USZ62-46054
Another impression. LeGear 10323,
v. 2, no. 26c.
ggNew Brunswick
467
The Wolves, a Cluster of Isles lying S.E. near
3 Leagues from Pasamaquady Bay, the bald
Point of the Southernmost bearing S.E.b E.}4
E. 1 League distant. Published according to


Act of Parliament July 26, 1777, by J.F.W.
DesBarres Esqr.
Etching (hand colored) 2^2 x 14^ in. (image)
Legend reads: "1.2. Bald Isles, the Point of
Eastern Isle E.J^S. 1 League." No ships are
shown. The Atlantic Neptune. LeGear 10323,
v. 2, no. 26a.
Other impressions: LeGear 10317,
v. 1, no. 10c; LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 12.
Another copy with similar title, of
a later date. "The Wolves, (a cluster of Isles)
lying SE off the Entrance of Passamaquadi
Bay" [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1780]. Aquatint with
etching iyi x 14^ in. (image). The Atlantic
Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 3, no. 4. The negative
number for this picture and the next two is
LC-USZ62-460 53.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 6a; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 49; LeGear
10323, v. 1, no. 6a (hand colored).
468
Grand Manan Island, bearing from S.b.E. to
S.W.b.S. eight Miles distant. Published ac-
cording to Act of Parliament July 26, 1777,
by J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr.
Etching (hand colored) lyi x 13^ in. (image)
Legend reads: "3. The South Point of Campo
Bello Island, S.W. two Leagues." No ships
are shown. The Atlantic Neptune. LeGear
10323, v. 2, no. 26a.
Other impressions: LeGear 10317,
v. 1, no. 10c; LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 12.
Another copy with similar title, of
a later date. "Grand-Manan Island, bearing
from S b E to S W b S, distant eight Miles
and the South Point of Campobello Island
S W distant two Leagues" [J.F.W. Des Barres,
1780]. Aquatint with etching x 13^ in.
(image). The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198,
v. 3, no. 4.
467
0

468
171


Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 6a; Phillips 4473, v. I, no. 49; LeGear
10323, v. 1, no. 6a (hand colored).
469
A View of the Shore Westward of the River
St. John. Published according to Act of
Parliament July 26, 1777, by J.F.W. DesBarres
Esqr.
Etching (hand colored) 3^ x 27^ in.
(image)
Legend reads: "4. Greville Cove bearing
N.N.E. distant four Miles 5. The Entrance of
the River St. John N.E.b E.^E. four Leagues."
No ships are shown. The Atlantic Neptune.
LeGear 10323, v. 2, no. 26a.
Other impressions: LeGear 10317,
v. 1, no. 10c; LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 12.
Another copy with similar title
but no imprint. "View of the Shore Westward
of St. John's River, the Entrance bearing
N E b E }4 E, distant four Leagues [J.F.W.
Des Barres, 178?]." Aquatint with etching
x 27JH* in. (image). The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 1198, v. 3, no. 4.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. 1, no. 6a; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 49; LeGear
10323, v. 1, no. 6a (hand colored).
470
A View of the Coast at the Entrance of the
River St. John, in the Bay of Fundy. Pub-
lished according to Act of Parliament July 26,
469

1777, by J.F.W. Des Barres Esqr.
Etching (hand colored) 4^ x 28 in. (image)
Legend reads: "6. Partridge Isle bearing
N.E.b.N. seven Miles distant." The Atlantic
Neptune. LeGear 10323, v. 2, no. 26a.
Other impressions: LeGear 10317,
v. 1, no. 10c; LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 12.
471
A View of the Entrance of Pasamaquady
Bay. Published according to Act of Parlia-
ment July 26, 1777, by J.F.W. DesBarres
Esqr.
Etching (hand colored) 3^ x 28^ in. (image)
Legend reads: "7. The West Entrance into
Head Harbor. 8. The East Entrance into Head
Harbor. 9. The Channel leading to Campo
Bello Harbor. 10. A Bill with a steep rocky face
very descernable from the Offing. 11. The
White Horse, a remarkable white rocky Isle,
bearing North 1 League distant." The Atlantic
Neptune. LeGear 10323, v. 2, no. 26a.
Other impressions: LeGear 10317,
v. 1, no. 10c; LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 12.
472
The Entrance of the River St. John. Published
according to Act of Parliament Novr. 14, 1776,
by J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr.
Etching 4^ x 8f^ in. (image)
Legend reads: ''A. Partridge Island N.E.b.N.
7 Leagues distant B. Meogenes Island." The
Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1199, v. 1, no. 7.
LC-USZ6 2-46031
172


Other impressions: Phillips 1199,
v. 1, no. 7; Phillips 1201, v. 1, no. 7 (hand
colored); Phillips 1202, v. 1, no. 7; Phillips
1203, v. 1, no. 7; Phillips 1205, v- *> no- IO>
Phillips 1250, v. 2, no. i; Phillips 3658, v. 1,
no. 6; Phillips 3655, v. I, no. 6; Phillips 3656,
v. 1, no. 6; Phillips 4473, v. I, no. 48; LeGear
10323, v. 1, no. 6 (hand colored); LeGear
10317, v. 1, no. 21; LeGear 10320, v. I, no.
11 (hand colored).
NEW ENGLAND
^Maine and New Hampshire
473
[A small cottage by the sea with barrels for
merchandise stacked about it—a cartouche]
1766
Etching 6 x 7^ in. (image)
Part of cartouche for map entitled "A New
and Accurate Map of the British Dominions
in America, according to the Treaty of 1763;
Divided into the Several Provinces and Juris-
dictions. By Thos. Kitchin Geographer."
From An Universal History, The Maps and
Charts to the Modern Part. . . (London, 1766),
no. 39.
474
Mechios River near the Mills. Publish'd
according to Act of Parliament, July 31, 1777,
by J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr.
Aquatint with etching g}i x g}i in. (circular
image)
View of the Machias River along the upper
coast of Maine. The entrance to Machias
Harbor was the scene of the first naval engage-
ment of the war, sometimes referred to as
"The Lexington of the Sea." The incident
occurred on May 10-11, 1775, one week after
the British schooner Margaretta, accompanied

by the sloops Polly and Unity, entered the
port to load lumber for British troops in Boston.
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 1, no.
24. LC-USZ62-46063 is the negative number
for this picture and the next one.
Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 2, no. 26b (hand colored); LeGear 10317,
v. 1, no. 6 (hand colored); LeGear 10320, v. I,
no. 10 (hand colored).
475
A Sketch of Mechios Mills. Publish'd
according to Act of Parliament, July 31, 1777,
by J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr.
Aquatint with etching 14^2 x in. (image)
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 1,
no. 24.
Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 2, no. 26b (hand colored); LeGear 10317,
v. 1, no. 6 (hand colored); LeGear 10320, v.
I, no. 10 (hand colored).
476
A View of the Coast of New-Hampshire to the
Eastward of Mount Desart. [J.F.W. DesBarres,
1776-77?]
Etching (hand colored) 6 x 42 in. (image)
Legend reads: "a. Mount Desart, bearing
West, distant 4 Leagues; b. Petit Manan
Isle W.b.N. 1 League; c. Distant Mountains
at the Head of Frenchman's Bay; d. A Hill on
the Eastern Shore of Gouldsborough Harbor;
e. A Remarkable Isle oft" Pleasant River, called
Ships Stern." The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips
3657, v. 1, no. 23.
173



Other impressions: LeGear 10317,
v. 1, no. 10b; LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 27.
477
A View of New Castle with the Fort and Light
House on the Entrance of Pisquataqua River.
[J.F.W. Des Barres, 1780]
Etching 7>£ x in.
Small farms and fields in the foreground; in
the background the fort on the left and the
town to the right. The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 1198, v. 3, no. 5.
Other impressions: Phillips 3657,
v. 3, no. 29 (hand colored); LeGear 10323, v.
2, no. 36a (hand colored); LeGear 10320, v.
3, no. 22.
478
A View of Portsmouth, in New Hampshire,
taken from the East Shore. [J.F.W. Des Barres,
1776-77?]
Etching (hand colored) 12 x 25^2 in. (image)
An artist sketches in the left foreground be-
side two cows. Portsmouth is across the water.
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 3, no.
30-
Another impression. LeGear 10323,
v. 2, no. 36b.
479
[View of Portsmouth, N. H. J.F.W. Des Barres,
1780]
Aquatint with etching 18 x 23^ in.
The colonial capital and only seaport of
New Hampshire, Portsmouth was active in
the export trade in the late 18th century. In
addition to supplying lumber, masts, and fish
to the West Indies and Europe, the port be-
came a center for ship construction about the
time of the Revolution. The North Meeting-
house, built in 1714 and a prominent feature of
the skyline of the town, had a belfry and steeple
174


similar to those appearing in the background of
this print. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips
ri98, v. 3, no. 18. LC-USZ62-46055
480
[Portsmouth. J.F.W. Des Barres, 1776-77?]
Etching (hand colored) 19 x 27^ in.
A man and woman with a dog stroll in the
foreground; the harbor and town are in the
background. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips
3657> v. 3, no. 32.
Another impression. LeGear 10320,
v. 3, no. 21.
^Massachusetts
481
vue de salem. Salem. Eine Stadt im Engel-
landischen America, in der Grafschafft Essex,
welche von den Engellandern 1629. erbauet
worden, und 2. Hafen hat einen fur den
Sommer, und einen fur den Winter. Salem.
Une Ville de l'Amerique angloise dans le
Comte d'Essex, elle fut battie par les Anglois
en 1629. et a deux Ports, l'un pour l'Ete et
l'autre pour l'Hyver. Se vend a Augsbourg
au Negoce commun de l'Academie Imperiale
d' Empire des Arts libereaux avec Privilege
de Sa Majeste Imperiale et avec Defense nf
d'en faire ni de vendre les Copies. Grave par
Balth. Frederic Leizelt. [177?!
Etching (hand colored) 9^ x 15^ in. (image)
The port of Salem was declared closed by
the town meeting to show sympathy with
Boston following the Port Bill. Salem's action
was significant because of the profits which
could have been made while Boston was pre-
vented from trading. The town continued to
participate actively in the events leading up
to the Revolution, and the port was an impor-
tant privateering base during the war. Title
above picture is mirror image. From "Collec-
tion des prospects." LC-USZ62-41172

175


482
I

View of the Court House in Salem Massa-
chusetts. W. Gray, del. Engraved by S. Hill.
Etching 4 x 5^ in. (image)
In the wake of the Boston Port Bill, the
military governor Thomas Gage ordered the
Massachusetts General Court moved from
Boston to Salem. The courthouse was the
site of the meeting in October 1774 at which
the members declared themselves a Provincial
Assembly, separate from Gage and the au-
thority of Parliament. Frontispiece for The
Massachusetts Magazine, March 1790.
LC-USZ62-31140
483
Boston Bay. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1776-77?]
Etching (hand colored) 4^ x 45^ in. (image)
Legend reads: "a. The Garnet Head,
S.b.E. 3 to 4 Leagues distant; b. Monument
Land on the South Shore of Plymouth Harbor;
c. Cohasset Point, bearing N.W. about 2
Leagues." The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips
3657, v. 1, no. 24.
—Other impressions: LeGear 10317,
v. 1, no. 23; LeGear 10320, v. 1, no. 26.
484
Boston, seen between Castle Williams and
Governors Island, distant 4 Miles. Publish'd
according to Act of Parliament Oct 7, 1777,
by J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr.
Aquatint with etching 4^ x 29 in.
The main water entrance to Boston is be-
tween Castle Island and Governor's Island,
the two most prominent islands in Boston
Harbor. They lie 2^2 miles east of the city and
divide the inner and outer harbors. The
Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 3, no. 24.
The negative number for this picture and the
next three is LC-USZ62-46056.
—■——■——Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. 3, no. 6a; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 56; LeGear
176


10323, v. 2, no. 40a (hand colored); LeGear
10320, v. 3, no. 25 (hand colored).
485
Appearance of the High Lands of Agameticus,
N.E. with Penobscot Hills, to the East-
wards, at 3 to 4 Leagues off Shore. Publish'd
according to Act of Parliament Oct 7, 1777,
by J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr.
Aquatint with etching 3^4 x 15^ in. (image)
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 3,
no. 24.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. 3, no. 6a; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 56; LeGear
10323, v. 2, no. 40a (hand colored); LeGear
10320, v. 3, no. 25.
486
Boston Bay, the Light House bearing N.W.
b.W. distant one League. Publish'd according
to Act of Parliament Oct 7, 1777, by J.F.W.
DesBarres Esqr.
Aquatint with etching 2^ x 18^4 in. (image)
The lighthouse is to the right. The Atlantic
Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 3, no. 24.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. 3, no. 6a; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 56; LeGear
10323, v. 2, no. 40a (hand colored); LeGear
10320, v. 3, no. 25.
The Entrance of Boston Harbor. Publish'd
according to Act of Parliament Oct 7, 1777,
by J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr.
Aquatint with etching 4^ x 29 in. (image)
The lighthouse is to the right. The Atlantic
Neptune. Phillips n 98, v. 3, no. 24.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. 3, no. 6a; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 56 (hand
colored); LeGear 10323, v. 2, no. 40a (hand
colored); LeGear 10320, v. 3, no. 25 (hand
colored).
485

487
177



178


488
L'ENTREE AU PORT DE BOSTON dans
l'amerique. Vernet pinxit. F A Annert sc:
[177?]
Etching 5^ x %yi in. (image)
The building at the entrance to the harbor,
drawn after a European model, probably
represents Castle William, a fortress on Castle
Island. LC-USZ62-45537
Another copy. "L'Entree au Port
de Boston. Dans 1'Amerique. Gravee d'apres
le Tableau de Vernet. Vernet pinxit."
489
View of Fort William a The Neck b Lighthouse
c Sailing out of harbour d 1770.
Ink and water color drawing 4^ x 11 in.
(image)
Fort William was renamed Castle William in
1705 in honor of the late King William III.
49°
Castle William. 1773.
Ink and water color drawing 4 x 8 in. (image)
Before the first British soldiers landed at
Boston in October 1768, repairs were made at
Castle William so that troops could be sta-
tioned there if quarters were difficult to obtain
in Boston. Part of the two regiments from
Ireland were quartered in the barracks there
upon their arrival with the remainder of the
troops stationed in Boston. After the Boston
Massacre, on demand of the rebels, all of the
redcoats were withdrawn from the city and
sent to Castle William. LC-USZ62-45381
491
A North View of Castle William in the
Harbour of Boston. May 1789. [S. Hill?]
Etching 4^-2 x yyi in.
When the British troops evacuated Boston
in March 1776, the fortifications on Castle

Island were destroyed by the departing army. — Other impressions: Phillips 3657,
This view shows the rebuilt fort under the v. ^ no. 29; LeGear 10323, v. 2, no. 36a
stars and stripes. Frontispiece for The (hand colored); LeGear 10320, v. 3, no. 22.
Massachusetts Magazine, May 1789.
LC-USZ62-31790
492
Castle William. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1780]
Etching 6$4 x 10^ in.
The fort, with large flag, stands atop a
series of bluffs by the water. The Atlantic
Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 3, no. 17.
493
[A view of Castle William. J.F.W. Des Barres,
1776-77?]
Etching (hand colored) 15^4 x 233^ in.
In the foreground a man with a cane walks
toward a gate and turnstile. To the left is a
house surrounded by a picket fence. The
179



495
harbor and Castle William are in the back-
ground. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 3657,
v. 3, no. 28.
494
[A view of Boston] 1 Mistic River 2 Charles-
Town Point where the British Troops landed
the 17 June 3 Redout of the Rebels 4 Noodles
Island 5 Hog Island 6 Boston Harbour 7 The
Dykes 8 Boston North 9 Kops Hill and Battery
which played on the Rebels Redout on Bunkers
Hill the 17 of June 10 Beacon Hill 11 The
Somerset [177?!
Ink and water color drawing 5 x 12 in.
On June 17, 1775, British troops landed at
Charlestown in readiness for the Battle of
Bunker Hill. Noodle's Island is now called
East Boston. LC-USZ62-19362
495
View from Charlestown 1773.
Ink and water color drawing 4 x 8 in.
View of Boston from the north side of the
city. LC-USZ62-45379
496
A South East View of the Great Town of
Boston in New England in America. Printed
for Carington Bowles Map and Printseller at
No. 69 in St. Pauls Church Yard, London. I
Carwitham sculp. [1760-80?]
Etching (hand colored) 10^ x 17^4 in.
(image)
The print shows Fort Hill on the left, Long
Wharf in the center, and Hancock's Wharf to
the right. Copied from the 1743 print by Wil-
liam Price, but with fewer ships and less detail.
LC-USZ6 2-46312
497
A View of Boston taken on the Road to Dor-
chester. Publish'd according to Act of Parlia-
ment May 30th. 1776 by J.F.W. DesBarres
180



181



Esqr. Drawn by W. Pierre. Engraved by James
Newton.
Etching i824 x 25^ in.
In the foreground two shepherds sit in a bu-
colic setting. The town is in the right back-
ground across the bay, and to the left is a large
house surrounded by orchards and fields. The
Atlantic Neptune. LeGear 10320, v. 3, no. 26.
498
A View of Boston. Published by J.F.W. Des-
Barres Esqr. May 19th 1779.
Aquatint with etching 21 % x 30^ in.
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 3, no.
27. LC-USZ6 2-4606 2
Another impression: LeGear 10320,
v. 3, no. 27.
499
[Boston. J.F.W. Des Barres, 1776-77?]
Etching (hand colored) 12^ x 31 in. (image)
A panoramic view of the city with much
vivid detail: ships in the foreground, landform
to the right, town and hills in the background.
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 3, no.
26.

500
Boston from Willis Creek. Wm. Pierrie delin.
Publish'd according to Act of Parliament Septr.
l6, 1775, by J.F.W. DesBarres Esq.
Etching 6)4 x 10 in.
Willis' Creek, later known as the Miller
River, separated Cambridge from Somerville.
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 3, no.
25. LC-USZ62-46058
Other impressions: Phillips 3657, v.
3, no. 27; LeGear 10323, v. 2, no. 41a (hand
colored); LeGear 10320, v. 3, no. 24.
182


501
Long Island open on the North Side of Nicks
Mate Island. [J.F.W. I^es Barres, September
16, 1775]
Etching dyi x 10 in.
Long Island stands in the outer Boston Har-
bor. Between Long Island Head and Gallop
Island is Nix's Mate, an irregular, rocky island
which is almost covered by water at high tide.
The town of Boston is in the right background.
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 3, no.
25. LC-USZ6 2-46057
Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 2, no. 41a (hand colored); LeGear 10320, v.
3, no. 23.
502
A View of the Country towards Dorchester,
taken from the advanced works on Boston
Neck. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1775?]
Etching 6y2 x 10 in.
Soldiers stand guard in a redoubt on the left.
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 3, no.
26. LC-USZ6 2-46061
Other impressions: Phillips 3657, v.
3, no. 27; LeGear 10323, v. 2, no. 40b (hand
colored); LeGear 10320, v. 3, no. 23.
50j
A View of Boston from Dorchester Neck Wm.
Pierrie delin Publish'd according to Act of
Parliament Septr. 16, 1775, by J.F.W. Des-
Barres Esq.
Etching 6y2 x 10 in.
Boston on the right. The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 1198, v. 3, no. 25. LC-USZ62-33035
-—■—— Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 2, no. 41a (hand colored); LeGear 10320, v.
3, no. 24; LeGear 10321, v. 1, no. 12.




i84


5o4
A View of the Harbour of Boston taken from
Fort Hill. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1775?]
Etching G% x 9^4 in.
Fort Hill was on the south side of the city
and faced the harbor. Its strategic value was
considerable. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips
1198, v. 3, no. 26. LC-USZ62-46060
--Other impressions: Phillips 3657, v.
3, no. 27; LeGear 10323, v. 2, no. 40b (hand
colored); LeGear 10320, v. 3, no. 24.
505
A Front View of the Lines taken from the
advanced Post near Browns House. [J.F.W.
Des Barres, 1775?!
Etching 6l/2 x 10 in.
Two chevaux-de-frise are beside the gate
to the fort. Boston is in the far background.
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 3,
no. 26. LC-USZ62-46059
Other impressions: LeGear 10323,
v. 2, no. 40b (hand colored); LeGear 10320,
v. 3, no. 23.
506
A View of the Lines thrown upon boston
neck, by the Ministerial Army. 1774 B.
Romans
Etching (hand colored) 1 x 7^2 in. (image)
In June and July of 1775, the British con-
structed defenses on Boston Neck where
many of their troops were stationed. The
neck was the site of minor skirmishes from
July 1775 until the British Army left Massa-
chusetts in March 1776. The legend
reads: "1 Boston 2 Mr. Hancocks House
3 Enemy's Camp on McHill 4 Blockhouse
5 5 Guard Houses 6 Gate & Draw Bridge
7 Beacon Hill." With a map entitled "Plan
of Boston and its Environs 1775" in G&M
vault. LC-USZ62-463 24
4
3{
>
A S *
«3

5°7
[View of fortifications around Dorchester,
1776?]
Pen and water color drawing 6 x 19^4 in.
Washington decided to break the stalemate
of the siege of Boston in March 1776 by
fortifying the last unoccupied heights around
the city. The Dorchester Heights works were
constructed in a single night, despite frozen
ground, in an amazing feat of military planning
and execution. The British cannons in the
harbor were unable to adjust their fire high
enough to threaten the fortifications, and
instead of attempting a frontal assault, the
British decided to evacuate the city. Dor-
chester steeple, the only landmark identified
in this print, is on the hill to the right.
LC-USZ62-45538
508
View of Roxbury from the advanc'd Guard
Hous[e] at the Lines. [177?]
Ink sketch x 13^ in. (image)
The right wing of the American Army was
at Roxbury under the command of Maj. Gen.
Artemas Ward during the siege of Boston.
This sketch made behind British lines identifies
"a. Rebbels Centinels" "b. Our advanc'd
Guard" "Road to Roxby." "Here the Rebbels
have 4 Field Pieces" "Roxbury" "Rebbels
Encampmt." LC-USZ62-45378
185


5o9

View of the Bridge over Mystic River & the
Country adjacent from Bunker's Hill. En-
graved by S. Hill. [1790]
Etching 4 x in.
Maiden Bridge in Middlesex County was
built in 1787 at the cost of approximately
£5,300. This view is from Bunker Hill;
Medford township is in the background.
Frontispiece for The Massachusetts Magazine,
September 1790, opposite p. 515. Stauffer, 1408.
LC-USZ62-45526
5io
View of Bunker's Hill. From a Drawing in
Possession of the Revd. Mr. Elderton. Feby.
1790.
Etching 4^ x 6^ in. (image)
On the night of June 16, 1775, the American
troops built a redoubt on Breed's Hill, ad-
jacent to Bunker Hill. The redoubt was
discovered at daybreak, and the Battle of
Bunker Hill began. The British captured the
hill at enormous cost in casualties, and the
War for Independence began. From the
Gentleman s Magazine, February 1790, oppo-
site p. 140. LC-USZ62-46023
511
S.E. Prospect from an Eminence near the
Common, Boston. Del. & Engrav'd by S. Hill.
[1790]
Etching \Y2 x 7 in.
This view is of southeast Boston from a rise
of land near the Hancock mansion. Dorchester
Heights is in the background. An accompany-
ing article describes the engraving:
The great variety of objects, that croud [sic] upon the
point of vision, are too numerous for detail.—Suffice it to
observe, that the busy din of the town, and the quiet
stillness of the rural hamlet, appear in striking contrast,
and furnish a luxuriant feast, to the contemplative and
philosophick mind.


Frontispiece for The Massachusetts Magazine,
November 1790.
512
View of the ancient Buildings belonging to
Harvard-College, Cambridge, New England.
[1788]
Etching 4.54 x 7 in.
Frontispiece for The Columbian Magazine,
December 1788. This view shows fewer build-
ings than item 513, and they appear older and
less substantial. Fielding, 1819.
513
View of the Colleges at Cambridge, Massachu-
setts. Delineated & Engraved by S. Hill.
[1790]
Etching x im (image)
The accompanying article describes the
engraving as "a prospective view of the
buildings belonging to the University of Cam-
bridge, the most ancient seminary of literature
in the United States." The buildings on the
campus of Harvard College from left to right
are: Holden Chapel, erected in 1745 in memory
of Samuel Holden, a director of the Bank of
England; Hollis Hall, built in 1762; Harvard
Hall, the building with the cupola; and
Massachusetts Hall. Massachusetts Hall, the
oldest building on the campus, was built in
1720; Hollis Hall was rebuilt after the fire of
1764. 7 he Massachusetts Magazine, June 1790,
frontispiece. Stauffer, 1396. LC-USZ62-45523
5H
View of Faneuil-Hall in Boston, Massachusetts
March 1789. W. Pierpont Del. S. Hill Sculp.
Etching \% x 7 in.
The original building was constructed in
1740, the gift of merchant Peter Faneuil (1700-
1743) to the city of Boston for a market place
and town hall. The roof and interior were
burned in 1761 and reconstructed in 1763.



Called the "Cradle of Liberty," Faneuil Hall
was the scene of many patriot meetings. During
the siege of Boston, the British soldiers used it
as a theater. This is a northeast view of the
building, taken from the town dock. Frontis-
piece for The Massachusetts Magazine, March
1789. Stauffer, 1402. LC-USZ62-45571
515
A South East View of Christ's Church. [1787]
Etching 7^ x 6^ in.
Christ Church, founded by Anglicans in
1723, was located on Salem Street. Its steeple
was 175 feet high and, at the time of the Revo-
lution, contained the only church bells in Bos-
ton. E. P. Richardson credits Charles Willson
Peale with the design of this plate. The Colum-
bian Magazine, 1787, opposite p. 839.
LC-USZ62-46025
516
View of the Bridge over Charles River.
Sept. 1789. [Samuel Hill?]
Etching 4^4 x 6pi in.
Built in 1786 by a private group of investors,
which included John Hancock, this bridge was
the first in the Boston area. It was 1,503 feet
long, connecting the city with Charlestown.
The view is from Atkins Wharf. The Massa-
chusetts Magazine, September 1789, frontis-
piece. Stauffer, 1398. LC-USZ62-24045
517
An East View of the Meeting House in Hollis
Street, Boston; now erecting on the ruins of
one lately destroyed by fire. C: Bulfinch
Delin Vallance Sc. [1788]
Etching 6yi x 6% in.
This church, designed by Charles Bulfinch
(1763-1844) the prominent Bostonian archi-
tect, was constructed on the site of the old
Hollis Street Church, which burned in 1787. It
i88



was Bulfinch's first building, and it reflected
his fondness for European styles. The square
structure had a domed interior, and twin cu-
polas flanked the Tuscan portico. See Whitehall,
Boston, A Topographical History, p. 50. Frontis-
piece for The Columbian Magazine, April 1788,
opposite p. 175. Stauffer, 3341.
LC-USZ62-46027
518
View of the Seat of his Excellency John Han-
cock Esqr. Boston July 1789. Hill, del. et
Sculp:
Mixed method 3^4 x in. (image)
The Hancock house, built in 1737, stood on
Beacon Street. The handsome stone building
faced south and commanded a wide view of the
city on all sides. While John Hancock (1737-
1793), the wealthy merchant, President of Con-
gress, and Governor of Massachusetts, inhabi-
ted the house, the east wing contained a
spacious hall for entertaining. Frontispiece for
The Massachusetts Magazine, July 1789.
Stauffer, 1406. LC-USZ62-45572

189



190


519
Vue de Boston. Prospect von Boston gegen
der Bucht am Hasen. Vue de Boston vers le
Cale du Port. Se vend a Augsbourg au Négoce
commun de l'Académie Impériale d'Empire des
Arts libereaux avec Privilege de Sa Majesté
Impériale et avec Defense ni d'en faire ni de
vendre les Copies. Gravé par Francois Xav.
Habermann. [177?]
Etching (hand colored) x 16^ in.
(image)
A stylized view of the port of Boston, the
center of New England shipping in the colonial
period. The closing of the port after the Boston
Tea Party, led to the calling of the First Con-
tinental Congress. From "Collection des pros-
pects." LC-USZ62-15353 is the negative num-
ber for the black-and-white print.
Another copy entitled, "Vue de
Boston vers le Cale du Port." The details are
less clear, and the colors are darker. x 16^
in.
520
vue de boston. Prospect des Plazes vor dem
Rath Haus zu Boston. Vuë de la rue et de la
Maison de Ville à Boston. Se vend à Augsbourg
au Négoce commun de l'Académie Impériale
d'Empire des Arts libereaux avec Privilege de
sa Majesté Impériale et avec Defense ni d'en
faire ni de vendre les Copies. Gravé par Fran-
cois Xav. Habermann. [177?]
Etching (hand colored) I2>^ x 16^2 in.
The old statehouse, built in 1657, was the
center of government of both the Colony and
Boston, as well as the public market place.
When Faneuil Hall became the site for town
meetings, this building continued to be used by
the provincial legislature and courts. A more
accurate representation can be seen in the Paul
Revere engraving of the Boston Massacre,
which took place a short distance away. The
title at the top of the picture is a mirror image.
From "Collection des prospects."
KOTZOU 30 31JV

521
vuë de boston. Prospect der Kônig Strasse
gegen das Land Thor zu Boston. Vuë de la
Ruë du Roi vers la Porte de la Campagne a
Boston. Se vend à Augsbourg au Négoce
commun de l'Académie Impériale d'Empire
des Arts libereaux avec Privilege de Sa Majesté
Impériale et avec Defense ni d'en faire ni de
vendre les Copies. Gravé par Francois Xav.
Habermann. [177?]
Etching (hand colored) 9^ x 15^ in.
(image)
Stylized view of King Street. Title at top of
picture is mirror image. From "Collection des
prospects." LC-USZ62-45388
191


522

vue de boston. Prospect des grossen Plazes
gegen der alten Sud Kirche der Presbiterianer
zu Boston. Vuë de la Ruë grande vers l'Eglise
du Sud des Presbiteriennes a Boston. Se vend à
Augsbourg au Négoce commun de l'Académie
d'Empire des Arts libereaux avec Privilege de
Sa Majesté Impériale et avec Defense ni
d'en faire ni de vendre les Copies. Gravé par
Francois Xav. Habermann. [177?]
Etching (hand colored) 10 x 15^ in. (image)
Old South Congregational Church was the
third church to be built in Boston. It was the
scene of many patriotic meetings in the years
immediately preceding the War for Inde-
pendence. Unlike the church pictured, Old
South had a tall steeple. The title at the top
of the picture is a mirror image. From "Collec-
tion des Prospects." LC-USZ62-45389
523
A View of the City of Boston the Capital of
New England, in North America. Vue de la
Ville de Boston, Capitale de la Nouvelle
Angleterre, dans l'Amérique Septentrionale.
Drawn on the Spot by his Excellency, Governor
Pownal; Painted by Mr. Pugh, & Engraved by
P. C. Canot. London, Printed for John Bowles,
at No. 13 in Cornhill; Robert Sayer, at No. 53
in Fleet Street; Thos. Jeffreys, the Corner of
St. Martins Lane in the Strand; Carington
Bowles, at No. 69 in St. Pauls Church Yard; &
Heny. Parker, at No. 82 in Cornhill. [1768]
Etching 14^ x 20^ in.
The view is from Cambridge across the
Charles River to the Boston Common. Thomas
Pownall (1722-1805), the artist, was the
Governor of Massachusetts, 1757-59. From
Scenographia Americana (1768).
LC-USZ62-45584
Another copy entitled, "A View of
the Town of Boston the Capital of New Eng-
land." [Trenchard?] Reduced (5^4 x 9 in.) and
192


reproduced as the frontispiece for The
Columbian Magazine, December 1787. The
American flag has been substituted for the
Union Jack, and ships have been removed
from the harbor and fortifications from the
shore. Stauffer, 3285. LC-USZ62-16685
524
Cape Poge bearing S 520 E, distant two Miles.
[J.F.W. Des Barres, 1781?]
Aquatint with etching 2}i x 16^ in. (image)
The cape is on the extreme left. The Atlantic
Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 3, no. 33.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. 3, no. 24a; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 60;
LeGear 10323, v. 2, no. 43a (hand colored);
LeGear 10320, v. 3, no. 28.

525
Sandy Point bearing W S W distant four
Miles. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1781 ?]
Aquatint with etching 2 x 12^4 in. (image)
The point is to the right. The Atlantic Nep-
tune. Phillips 1198, v. 3, no. 33.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. 3, no. 24a; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 60;
LeGear 10323, v. 2, no. 43a (hand colored);
LeGear 10320, v. 3, no. 28.
526
Gay Head bearing NEj^E and Nomansland
E yi S. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1781?]
Aquatint with etching 1^ x 28 in. (image)
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 3,
no. 33.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. 3, no. 24a; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 60 (hand
colored); LeGear 10323, v. 2, no. 43a (hand
colored); LeGear 10320, v. 3, no. 28.

523a
193


527
Gay Head bearing SE distant one Mile.
[J.F.W. Des Barres, 1781 ?]
Aquatint with etching x 22-Hs in. (image)
The head is to the left. The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 1198, v. 3, no. 33.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. 3, no. 24a; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 60;
LeGear 10323, v. 2, no. 43a (hand colored);
LeGear 10320, v. 3, no. 28.
528
Sankoty Head, bearing S b W, distant 10
Miles. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1781?]
Aquatint with etching 2}^ x 6^ in. (image)
The head is to the left. The Atlantic Neptune.
Phillips 1198, v. 3, no. 33.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. 3, no. 24a; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 60; Le-
Gear 10323, v. 2, no. 43a (hand colored);
LeGear 10320, v. 3, no. 28.
529
Sankoty Head bearing SW when clear of the
Shoals distant 4 Leagues. [J.F.W. Des Barres,
1781?]
Etching (hand colored) ^4 x 7^ in.
A single boat and the head are to the left.
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips n98, v. 3, no.
33-
Other impressions: Phillips 3658, pt.
3, no. 24a; Phillips 4473, v. 1, no. 60 (hand
colored); LeGear 10323, v. 2, no. 43a (hand
colored); LeGear 10320, v. 3, no. 28 (hand
colored).
530
[A View of Cape Cod, J.F.W. Des Barres,
1776-77?]
Etching (hand colored) 11^4 x 20 in. (image)
The view shows a large area of white cliffs
with the open sea to the right. The Atlantic
Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 3, no. 25.
531
[Shirley Point open with Deer Island, Sailing
into Boston Harbor, J.F.W. Des Barres, 1776-
Etching (hand colored) 11 x 20^ in. (image)
A small village is to the left. The Atlantic
Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 3, no. 25.

§|Rhode Island and Connecticut
A S.W. View of the Baptist Meeting House,
Providence, R.I. S. Hill Sculp. August, 1789.
Etching 7^ x 4^ in.
Sometimes called the "Mother Church of
American Baptists," this church, founded by
Roger Williams in 1639, was the first of its
denomination in the New World. The building
was designed by James Gibbs after the church
of St. Martin's-in-the-Fields in London and
was built in 1774. From The Massachusetts
Magazine, August 1789, frontispiece. Stauffer,
1412. LC-USZ62-31789
533
Bristol Neck Rhode Island 1765.
Ink and water color drawing 6^4 x 12 in.
A similar view in the British Museum has the
title "View of Bristol Neck from Trips's in
Rhode Island September 1765."
LC-USZ62-45382
534
A View of the Guard-House and Simsbury-
Mines, now called Newgate. A Prison for the
Confinement of Loyalists in Connecticut. Pub.
by J. Bew, Pater-Noster-Row Nov 1st 1781
London.
Etching 6 x 4^ in. (image)




533
The accompanying article in the British pub-
lication The Political Magazine, October 1781,
P- 597> describes the "Symsbury Mines, The
Rebel Prison for the King's Loyal Subjects."
Newgate, or Hell, as it was sometimes called,
was a former copper mine, and the cells were
120 feet below the surface. The British com-
plained that conditions there were inhumane,
that loyalists were denied visits by the clergy,
and that prisoners frequently died.
The legend identifies the following:
A. Gaurd [sic] room. B. Lodging room for the officer of
the guard. C. A closet from which the stair leads down.
D. The stairs. E. A kitchen, divided off by a partition,
the door of which is locked when a prisoner is let up to
cook. F. A strong trap door opening the descent to Hell.
G. A step ladder descending eight feet to an iron grate.
H. An iron grate. I. A ladder descending through a shaft in
the rock, about forty feet. K. A descent through the
broken cavities of the rock about forty feet. L., M. The
prison commonly called Hell. N. A hole bored through the
rock, seventy feet in depth, about an inch and an half in
diameter, the only passage by which the prisoners are
furnished with air.
CPPS 5853 LC-USZ62-50390
535
View from the green woods towards Canaan
and Salisbury, in Connecticut. [1789, ascribed
535
to Trenchard]
Etching 4)4 x y}i in.
The Green Woods in Connecticut were so
named because of the green-bearded moss
which grew on the pine trees. Located between
Hartford and Canaan, they were very hilly
and were 20 to 30 miles in length. In this view;
a horseman walks his mount down a steep hill
to the right toward a valley where a steeple and
columns of smoke are visible. From The Colum-
bian Magazine, or Monthly Miscellany, June
1789, opposite p. 366. Stautfer, 3292.
LC-USZ62-45 576
MIDDLE ATLANTIC STATES
g|New York
New York City and Vicinity
536
Bond Hollow bearing S.bE. Publish'd by J.F.
W. DesBarres Esqr. May 19th. 1779.
Etching (hand colored) 1% x %yi in. (image)
View set into "A Chart of New York Har-

195


bor . . . ." The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198,
v. 3, no. 39.
Other impressions: Phillips 1199, v.
3, no. 25; Phillips 1200, v. 3, no. 26; Phillips
1205, v. 3, no. 27; Phillips 3658, pt. 3, no. 13;
Phillips 3655, v. 3, no. 13; Phillips 3656, v. 3,
no. 13; Phillips 3659, v. 3, no. 13; Phillips 4473,
v. 1, no. 63; LeGear 10323, v. 2, no. 50; LeGear
10320, v. 3, no. 31. Negative in G&M.
537
Mount Pleasant half way between the Cedars
on the Hook & the Light House. Publish'd by
J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr. May 19th. 1779.
Etching (hand colored) ifyi x 9 in. (image)
View set into "A Chart of New York Har-
bor . . . ." The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198,
v. 3, no. 39.
Other impressions: Phillips 1199, v.
3, no. 25; Phillips 1200, v. 3, no. 26; Phillips
1205, v. 3, no. 27; Phillips 3658, pt. 3, no. 13;
Phillips 3655, v. 3, no. 13; Phillips 3656, v. 3,
no. 13; Phillips 3659, v. 3, no. 13; Phillips 4473,
v. 1, no. 64; LeGear 10323, v. 2, no. 50; LeGear
10320, v. 3, no. 31. Negative in G&M.
538
[View of Hell Gate, J.F.W. Des Barres, 1776-
77?]
Etching (hand colored) 15^2 x 21 in.
A ship passes through the narrow part of the
East River near New York City. The Atlantic
Neptune. Phillips 3657, v. 3, no. 31.
539
A View of the Highland of Neversunk,
N.W.b.W. four Miles distant, with the Light
House, on Sandy Hook. N.W. Note. This
Highland is very remarkable as the Coast
Southward of it is low with Sand Beaches,
and from its Northern End a low Sandy Beach
extends with Clumps of Shrub Pines, at the

536
537
extremity of which stands the Light House
of Sandy Hook. Publish'd according to Act
of Parliament Octr. 4, 1777, by J.F.W. Des-
Barres Esqr.
Aquatint with etching 3^4 x 19^4 in. (image)
Gen. Henry Clinton withdrew his troops to
Sandy Hook after the Battle of Monmouth
in July 1778. From there the British fleet
ferried the troops to New York. The lighthouse
is barely visible to the right. The Atlantic
Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 3, no. 41. The nega-
tive number for this picture and the next
four is LC-USZ62-46049.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658, pt.
3, no. 13a (hand colored); Phillips 4473, v.
1, no. 64; LeGear 10323, v. 2, no. 50c (hand
colored); LeGear 10317, v. 2, no. 14 (hand
colored).
540
The South Shore of Long Island, ten leagues
Eastward of Sandy Hook, four Miles distant.
Publish'd according to Act of Parliament Octr
4, 1777, by J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr.
Aquatint with etching 2^4 x 18^ in. (image)
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 3,
no. 41.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. 3, no. 13a (hand colored); Phillips 4473,
v. 1, no. 64; LeGear 10323, v. 2, no. 50c
(hand colored); LeGear 10317, v. 2, no. 14
(hand colored).
541
New York, with the Entrance of the North
and East Rivers. Publish'd according to
Act of Parliament Octr 4, 1777, by J.F.W.
DesBarres Esqr.
Aquatint with etching 4X x in- (image)
New York is in the center, with the North
River to the left and the East River to the right.
The North River, or Hudson, bounds Manhat-
tan Island to the west. The East River connects
New York's Upper Bay and Long Island
Sound. British control of the waterways around
New York prevented the patriots from attack-
ing the city. The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips
1198, v. 3, no. 41. Also available separately
on negative number LC-USZ62-46050.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658,
pt. 3, no. 13a (hand colored); Phillips 4473,
v. 1, no. 64 (hand colored); LeGear 10323, v.
2, no. 50c (hand colored); LeGear 10317, v. 2,
no. 14 (hand colored).
542
The Light House on Sandy Hook, S.E. one
Mile. Publish'd according to Act of Parliament
Octr 4, 1777, by J.F.W. DesBarres Esqr.
Aquatint with etching 4^ x 1%% in. (image)
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 3,
no. 41.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658, pt.
3, no. 13a (hand colored); Phillips 4473, v. 1,
no. 64; LeGear 10323, v. 2, no. 50c (hand
colored); LeGear 10317, v. 2, no. 14 (hand
colored).
543
The Narrows, (between Red and Yellow
Hook, on Long Island, & the East Bluff of
196



Staten Island,) bearing S.b.W. Publish'd ac-
cording to Act of Parliament Octr 4, 1777,
by J.F.W. Des Barres Esqr.
Aquatint with etching 5^ x 18^2 in. (image)
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 3,
no. 41.
Other impressions: Phillips 3658, pt.
3, no. 13a (hand colored); Phillips 4473, v.
1, no. 64 (hand colored); LeGear 10323,
v. 2, no. 50c (hand colored); LeGear 10317,
v. 2, no. 14 (hand colored).
544
East View of Hell Gate in the Province of
New York. W A Williams del. 1775.
Etching 5 x 8 in.
Hell Gate was a dangerous waterway be-
tween New York and Connecticut, Rhode
Island, and Massachusetts. Ships frequently
crashed on the rocks there on their way to
New England. The route's one advantage was
that it bypassed the Atlantic. Pictured is the
location at which Harlem Creek, the East
River, and Flushing Sound meet. This view and
a map accompany a glowing description of
New York City and its environs. From The
London Magazine, April 1778, p. 147.
LC-USZ6 2-4609 5
545
S View of the City of New York [1776?]
Pen and ink drawing 4^ x 153^ in. (image)
This view, probably from a point on Long
Island near Red Hook, shows the skyline of
New York City sometime before the fire
of September 20-21, 1776. The steeple of
Trinity Church is on the far left. Stokes,
Iconograpy of Manhattan Island, v. 1 (New
York, 1915), p. 361. LC-USZ62-45539
539, 540, 54i, 542, 543
197



198


546
E View of the City of New York, er: 41. [1776?]
Ink drawing 4^ x 1 $yi in. (image)
This view was also drawn before the New
York City fire. In the foreground is the
Rutgers House, and Trinity Church steeple is
visible in the background. The ships in the
harbor may represent the fleet under Adm.
Richard Howe, which anchored there in early
September 1776. Stokes, Iconography of Man-
hattan Island, v. 1 (New York, 1915), p. 361.
LC-USZ62-4 5 540
547
A View of the City of New York from Long
Island [Montresor? 177?]
Ink and water color drawing g^i x in.
This view shows Trinity Church without its
steeple, dating the drawing sometime between
the fire of 1776, when the steeple was destroyed,
and 1784, when the remainder of the tower was
removed. Other buildings on the skyline in-
clude St. Paul's Chapel, New Dutch Church,
Middle Dutch Church, the French Church,
Federal Hall, Wall Street Presbyterian Church,
and St. George's Chapel. Stokes, Iconography
of Manhattan Island, v. 1 (New York, 1915),
p. 361-362. LC-USZ62-20492
548
Bunker's Hill on N. York Island [177?]
Ink sketch 6^ x 19^ in-
Bunker's Hill, the highest point on the
southern side of the island, was fortified by the
Americans during the Revolution. The hill
was also known as Mount Pleasant and as
Bayard's Mount. The name "Montresor"
appears on the reverse, probably indicating
that at one time the picture was in John
Montresor's possession. Stokes, Iconography of
Manhattan Island, v. 1 (New York, 1915), p.
362, and v. 3 (New York, 1918), p. 867.
LC-USZ62-45377


548
199


Mill f

ware? ffiy -


549
A South West View of the City of New York,
Taken from the Governours Island at* [NW
tip of island—designated on map] London,
Published according to Act of Parliament,
Jany 12, 1776, by Jefferys and Faden, Corner
of St. Martins Lane, Charing Cross. [After B.
Ratzer and engraved by Thos. Kitchin]
Etching -jyi x 34 in. (image)
This view accompanies the map "Plan of the
City of New York in North America: Surveyed
in the Year 1766 & 1767" from Faden, North
American Atlas (London, 1777), no. 20-21. The
cloud of smoke near St. George's Chapel could
not represent the great fire of September 1776,
as earlier editions of the map with copies of
this view were offered for sale in 1770. It has
been suggested that the smoke is from a kettle
of tar being used for ship repairs. See Stokes,
Iconography of Manhattan Island, v. 1 (New
York, 1915), p. 341. See also item 694.
LC-USZ62-45598
550
Neu Jorck sive Neu Amsterdam. Tob. Conr.
Lotteri [1778]
Etching 2^ x 14^ in. (image of an irregular
pentagon)
This view of 17th-century New York was
reprinted into the late 18th century and was
part of the ornamentation on the map "Recens
Edita totius Novi Belgii, in America Septen-
trionali" in Lotter, Atlas Geographique (Niirn-
549
berg, 1778), no. 92. The captions, in Latin,
identify several buildings including the Dutch
Reformed Church, the Lutheran Church, the
public scales and granary, the governor's
house, the prison, and a windmill. Smoke
billows from a recently fired cannon, and in
the foreground six additional cannon guard
the waterfront. Among the inaccuracies in this
view, which may have been drawn in Holland
from verbal descriptions or rough sketches, is
the size of the harbor's fortifications. Stokes,
Iconography of Manhattan Island, v. 1 (New
York, 1915), p. 223. See also item 742.
LC-USZ62-46068
551
A South East View of the City of New York,

200



in North America. Vue de Sud Est de la
Ville de New York, dans L'Amerique Septen-
trionale. Drawn on the Spot by Capt.
Thomas Howdell, of the Royal Artillery.
Engraved by P. Canot. London Printed for
John Bowles at No. 13 in Cornhill, Robert
Sayer at No. 53 in Fleet Street, Thos. Jefferys
the corner of St. Martins Lane in the Strand,
Carington Bowles at No. 69 in St. Pauls
Church Yard, and Henry Parker at No. 82
in Cornhill. [1768]
Etching x 20^ in.
The large building in the center is "New
College," the King's College building which
opened in 1760. The college was founded in
1754 to prevent the exposure of New York
youths to radical political ideas at either Yale
or Princeton. King's supposedly taught sub-
mission to the English Crown, but ironically
both Alexander Hamilton and Gouverneur
Morris were students there. Also identified in
the legend are "Old English Church," "City
Hall," "French Church," "North River,"
"Staten Island," and "The Prison." The
palm tree was probably added by the engraver.
See Scenographia Americana (1768).
LC-USZ62-43 544
552
A South West View of the City of New York,
in North America. Vue de Sud Ouest de la
Ville de New York, dans L'Amerique Septen-
trionale. Drawn on the Spot by Capt.
Thomas Howdell, of the Royal Artillery.
Engraved by P. Canot. London Printed for
John Bowles at No. 13 in Cornhill, Robert
Sayer at No. 53 in Fleet Street, Thos Jefferys
the corner of St. Martins Lane in the Strand,
Carington Bowles at No. 69 in St. Pauls Church
Yard, and Henry Parker at No. 82 in Cornhill.
[1768]
Etching 14X x 20^ in.
This view shows New York City with its
many steeples in the background. Among


yDMUY .1 1137 JO/ / J Kl J rV

those shown is Trinity Church on the far right.
Staten Island is on the horizon, and Long
Island is shown directly in front of it in the
harbor. In the left foreground is the Rutgers
House with the South River flowing behind it.
On the other side of the river is Nutting Island.
On the right is a building identified in the
legend as "Brew House." See Scenographia
Americana (1768).
—■—■—■——Another impression. In P&P
(trimmed edges). Imprint reads; "Published
according to Act of Parliament by Thos.
JefTerys at Charing Cross." LC-USZ62-19363
553
Vue de la Nouvelle Yorck. Neu Yorck.
Eine Stadt in Nord-America auf einer Insul
Manahattan genannt an der Mùndung des
Hudsons Flusses welche 1615 von der Hollân-
dern zu erst zu bauen angesangen und neu
Amsterdam genennet, hernach aber 1666 von
den Engellândern ihnen abgenommen und neu
Yorck um getauft worden. La nouvelle Yorck.
Une Ville dans l'Amérique Septentrionale sur
une Isle, dite Manahatan, près de l'orifice du
fleuve Hudson, les Hollandois commencèrent a
la battir en l'anée 1615 et l'appellerent nouvelle
Amsterdam, mais en 1666 ils en fièrent privés
par les Anglois qui la nommèrent nouvelle
Yorck. Se vend à Augsbourg au Négoce com-
mun de l'Académie Impériale d'Empire des
Arts libereaux avec Privilege de Sa Majesté
Impériale et avec Defense ni d'en faire ni de
vendre les Copies. Gravé par Balth Frederic
Leizelt. [177?]
Etching (hand colored) iiyi x 17 in.
This view from "Collection des prospects"
was engraved by Leizelt whose stylized versions
of North American sites rarely reflected reality.
LC-USZ62-41170
Another copy entitled "La Nouvelle
Yorck," with the explanation same as above
but in French only. "Présentement chez Basset
202


rue St. Jacques au coin de celle de Mathurins,
Tient Fabrique de Papiers." Probably by An-
dre Basset l'aine. 13J/2 x in.
554
View of the Federal Ediface in New York.
[1789]
Etching 8^ x 8 in.
On September 13, 1788, Congress chose New
York as the site of the New Government. New
York City, hoping to become the permanent
seat, enlarged and repaired the city hall and
renamed it Federal Hall. Washington's inaug-
uration was held on the balcony of Federal
Hall, and the first inaugural address was de-
livered in its Senate Chamber. An accompany-
ing article describes the interior of the building
in detail and says of its external appearance:
This building is situated at the end of Broad Street, where
its front appears to great advantage. The basement story is
Tuscan, and is pierced with seven openings; four massy
pillars in the center support four doric columns and a
pediment. The frieze is ingeniously divided to admit
thirteen stars in the metopes; these, with the American
Eagle and other insignia in the pediment, and the tablets
over the windows, filled with the thirteen arrows and the
olive branch united, mark it as a building set aside for
national purposes.
From The Columbian Magazine, August 1789,
opposite p. 473. LC-USZ62-45577
Hudson River Valley and Upper New
York
555
[A View of an American River—-a cartouche]
Printed for Robt. Sayer in Fleet Street, and T.
Jefferys in the Strand. Published as the Act
directs 16 June 1775.
Etching x 13 in. (image)
A spacious scene of a river, probably the
Hudson, with the map's title engraved on the
side of a tall cliff. This cartouche fits into the
lower right-hand corner of a map entitled "The
Provinces of New York, and New Jersey; with

203





part of Pensilvania, and the Governments of
Trois Rivieres, and Montreal: Drawn by Capt.
Holland. Engraved by Thomas Jefferys, Geog-
rapher to His Majesty." From Jefferys, The
American Atlas (London, 1775), no. 18. The
cartouche also appears in the editions for 1776,
1778, and 1782; they all carry the 1776 date.
-Another copy with no date. In
Jefferys, A General Topography of North Ameri-
ca (London, 1768), no. 34.

555^
[Kings Bridge, New York, August 1778?]
Watercolor x io}i in.
This view looks past the town, over Harlem
Creek, toward the Hudson River. From Sim-
coe, A Journal of the Operations of the Queen s
Rangers (Exeter, [1787]), opposite p. 68.
556
A View in Hudson's River of the Entrance of
what is called the Topan Sea. Vue sur la Riviere
d'Hudson, de l'entree counue sous le nom de
Mer de Topan. Sketch'd on the Spot by his
Excellency Governor Pownal. Painted by Paul
Sandby, Engraved by Peter Benazech. London,
Printed for Jn. Bowles at No. 13 in Cornhill,
Robert Sayer at No. 53 in Fleet Street, Thos.
Jefferys the Corner of St. Martins Lane in the
Strand, Carington Bowles at No. 69 in St. Pauls
Church Yard, and Henry Parker at No. 82 in
Cornhill. [1768]
Etching i4>£ x 20^4 in.
Thomas Pownall (1722-1805), who served in
America as lieutenant governor of New Jersey
and as governor of Massachusetts, visited
Tappan Sea, N.Y., in October 1755. Pownall's
description of the area, published in Lois Mul-
kearn, ed., A Topographical Description of the
Dominions of the United States of America
(Pittsburgh, 1949), p. 39, was written a decade
later from notes kept in a journal:

After emerging out of this Pass, it [the Hudson River]
spreads itself in the Form of a great Lake 15 Miles in
Length by one Way of reckoning, and by another 20, and
about Four Miles broad, and is called the Topang Sea:
The western Banks are perpendicular rocky Cliffs of an
immense Height, Covered with Woods at the Top, which
from the great Height of the Cliff seem like Shrubs. The
Eastern Coasts are formed by a gently rising Country,
Hill behind a Hill, of fruitful Vegetation at the back of
which lye the White-plains: It then again for 20 Miles
more or thereabouts takes the Form of a River, but above
a Mile and Half broad, and passes by New York.
During the Revolution, Tappan Sea was the
scene of a small engagement with a small
British flotilla that had run past American
batteries near the entrance to the river. See
item 264. From Scenographia Americana (1768).
LC-USZ62-43548
— Another impression. In P&P
(trimmed edges). Imprint reads, "London,
Published according to Act of Parliament,
May 20, 1761 by Thos. Jefferys the Corner of
St. Martin's Lane."
205





557.
[West Point, New York, painted by Pierre
L'Enfant 1778?]
Watercolor io}i x 55^ in.
These panoramic views of the encampments
of American troops near the Hudson River at
West Point may have been drawn in late
summer 1778 while L'Enfant was attached to
the staff of General Baron von Steuben.
LC-USZ62-40974, LC-USZ62-40975,
LC-USZ6a-40976, LC-USZ62-40977

207



558
A View in Hudson's River of Pakepsey & the
Catts-Kill Mountains, From Sopos Island in
Hudson's River. Vue sur la Riviere d'Hudson
dans Pakepsey et des Montagnes de Catts-Kill.
Prise de l'lsle de Sopos, Situee dans cette
Riviere. Sketch'd on the Spot by his Excellancy
Governor Pownal. Painted and Engraved by
Paul Sandby. London, Printed for John Bowles
at No. 13 in Cornhill, Robert Sayer at No. 53.
in Fleet Street. Thos. Jefferys the Corner of
St. Martins Lane in the Strand, Carington
Bowles at No. 69 in St. Pauls Church Yard,
and Henry Parker at No. 82 in Cornhill. [1768]
Etching 14^4 x 20^4 in.
Governor Pownall probably drew the original
sketch from which this view of early Pough-
keepsie was made in 1755. Esopus Island in
the Hudson River is about halfway between
Hyde Park and Staatsburg. From Scenographia
Americana (1768). LC-USZ62-43545
Another impression. In P&P
(trimmed edges). Imprint reads, "London,
Publish'd according to Act of Parliament 20
May 1761 by Thos. Jefferys the Corner of
St. Martin's Lane."
559
A View of the Great Cohoes Falls, on the Mo-
hawk River; The Fall about Seventy Feet;
the River near a Quarter of a Mile broad.
Vue de la Grande Cataracte de Cohoes, sur la
Riviere des Mohawks; La Hateur est l'environ
70 pieds; 1 sa Riviere a pres l'un quart de
Mile de large. Sketch'd on the Spot by his
Excellency Governor Pownal. Painted by
Paul Sandby, & Engraved by Wm. Elliot.
London, Printed for John Bowles at No. 13,
in Cornhill, Robert Sayer at No. 53, in Fleet
Street, Thos. Jefferys the Corner of St. Mar-
tins Lane in the Strand, Carington Bowles at
No. 69 in St. Pauls Church Yard, and Henry
Parker at No. 82 in Cornhill. [1768]
Etching 14^ x 20^ in.


Pownall observed the Cohoes Falls on June
25, 1754, while the river was at flood level. His
description of the falls is published in
Mulkearn, ed., Topographical Description of the
United States, p. 35-36. From Scenographia
Americana (1768). LC-USZ62-43549
Another impression. In P&P
(trimmed edges). Imprint reads, "London,
Publish'd according to Act of Parliament 20
May 1761 by Thos. Jefferys the Corner of
St. Martins Lane."
560
A View of the Cohoes or Great Falls of the
Mohawk River taken from below. [Verso]
A View of the Cohoes or Great Falls of the
Mohawk River taken from above. [1754]
Pencil sketch 7^ x 9^ in.
Some authorities speculate that these draw-
ings are also the work of Pownall. See
Mulkearn, ed., Topographical Description of
the United States, p. 37m LC-USZ62-45550,
LC-USZ62-45551
561
A View of Houses in the City of Albany.
[1789] .
Etching 2^2 x 6 in. (image)
The view is accompanied by an essay,
"Description of the City of Albany." The
city's architecture was predominately Dutch.
The article explains the markings on the
exterior of the houses in the view:
The walls of the houses are clamped with iron, in the form
of letters, numerical figures, arrows, and other devices;
the letters generally designating the proprietor of the
house, by the initials of his name, and the figures denoting
the year in which it was built.
From The Columbian Magazine, December
1789, frontispiece. LC-USZ62-31154

209


562


Chalbeate Spring near Saratoga. JT Sc. [1787]
Etching x 7 in.
Chalbeate Springs, eight or ten in number,
are located about 11 miles west of Saratoga.
This view was used to illustrate an article
on the springs in The Columbian Magazine,
March 1789. Stauffer, 3298. LC-USZ62-50391
563
Caduta di Niagara. G.M.T. fc: 1777
Etching gpi x y}i in.
At the time of the Revolution, the region
around Niagara Falls was in British hands as a
result of the Seven Years' War. The British
attempted to colonize the area, but on Sep-
tember 14, 1763, 25 wagons of settlers were
ambushed while making portage around the
falls, and only eight of more than 300 survived.
Maj. Gen. John Sullivan's expedition into the
area in 1779 was intended to terminate Indian
and loyalist attacks in the area, but although
the Iroquois civilization was annihilated,
skirmishes continued there until 1782. From
Atlante deW America . . . (Livorno, 1777), no.
6. LC-USZ62-46019
Saulte du Niagara. 1777
Etching iyi x 1% in. (image)
A panoramic view similar to "Caduta di
Niagara." This picture appears on a map
entitled "Theatre de la Guerre en Amerique"
in Le Rouge, Atlas Ameriquain Septentrional
(Paris, 1778-92), no. 4a.
564
View of the Falls of Niagara. Del. 1790 En-
grav'd by S. Hill.
Etching 7 x 3^4 in. (image)
Andrew Ellicott, visiting Niagara Falls in
December 1789, wrote to Benjamin Rush of


Philadelphia describing the magnificence of the
falls. He mentioned the roar that could be
heard at a distance of 20 miles and the heavy-
fog over the falls which contained rainbows
when the sun was shining. The mist, settling
on the trees in freezing weather, created a
glistening winter scene. The letter and this
illustration were published in The Massachu-
setts Magazine, July 1790, the view opposite
p. 387. Stauffer, 1410. LC-USZ62-45524
§§New Jersey
565
[A New Jersey scene—a cartouche] Engraved
& Published by Wm. Faden, Charing Cross,
December 1st. 1777.
Etching 8 x 7^2 in. (image)
Depicts a small, prosperous farm with large
haystacks and a wheatfield. In the foreground
are racoons, a snake, and a squirrel. From a
map entitled "The Province of New Jersey,
Divided into East and West commonly called
The Jerseys." In Faden, North American Atlas
(London, 1777), no. 22. LC-USZ62-45599
566
Appearance of the leading Mark over the bar
[of Sandy Hook, with the lighthouse]
Drawing (hand colored) lyi x 4^ in. (image)
This picture shows the lighthouse to the
right and the Cedars to the left. An inset view
from a map entitled "Soundings of the Bar of
Sandy Hook at Low Water ..." in G&M
Manuscript Map Collection.
567
A View from Paulushook of Horsimus on the
Jersey shore and part of York Island [1777?]
Ink and water color drawing 9^ x 16^4 in.
During the Revolutionary War the British
established an outpost on Paulus Hook.

211



212


Patriot troops led by Col. Henry Lee attacked
the post in August 1779 but withdrew when
they failed to take one of three redoubts. In
the foreground of this view a group of men
cut branches for wood while making a stump
fence. The bay is in the background. Stokes,
Iconography of Manhattan Island, v. 1 (New
York, 1915), p. 362, and v. 3 (New York, 1918),
p. 867.
568
A View of the Falls on the Passaick, or second
River, in the Province of New Jersey, The
height of the Fall between Eighty and Ninety
feet; the River about Eighty Yards broad.
Vue de l'Cataracte de Passaick, ou seconde
Riviere, dans la province du Nouveau Jersey,
La Hauteur de cette Chute est de 80 a 90 pieds,
et la Largeur de la Riviere d'environ 40 Foises.
Sketch'd on the Spot by his Excellency Gov-
ernor Pownal. Painted and Engraved by Paul
Sandby. London, Printed for John Bowles at
No. 13 in Cornhill, Robert Sayer at No. 53 in
Fleet Street, Thos. Jefferys the Corner of St.
Martins Lane in the Strand, Carington Bowles
at No. 69 in St. Pauls Church Yard, and Henry
Parker at No. 82 in Cornhill. [1768]
Etching 14^ x 21 in.
Pownall described the falls on the Passaic
River in New Jersey as:
... a very curious natural Phenomenon. The River running
round the Back of a Rocky Cliff, which by some Accident
has been shattered & riven Top to Bottom about 90 feet,
turns short & Tumbles head long with an Inconceivable
force & Velocity down this horrid chasm foaming with
its hoarse stunning roar at its base more like something
combustible than Water.
See Mulkearn, ed., Topographical Description
of the United States, p. 98-99. From Sceno-
graphia Americana (1768). LC-USZ62-43550
Another impression. In P&P
(trimmed edges). Imprint reads, "London,
Publish'd according to Act of Parliament 20
May 1761 by Thos. Jefferys the Corner of St.
Martins Lane."


569

Prospect of the Paysaick Falls in New-Jersey.
[1789]
Etching 3}4 x 6}4 in. (image)
An accompanying article describes the falls
located 23 miles from Elizabeth, N.J., (called
Elizabethtown until 1740), on the Second or
Passaic River. From The Columbian Magazine,
supplement 1789, opposite p. 766.
570
View upon the Road from New-Windsor,
towards, Morris Town, Jersey. [1789]
Etching ^yi x y^i in.
The road from New Windsor, N.Y., to
Morristown, N.J., linked the site of George
Clinton's (1739-1812) home and the location
of Washington's winter headquarters, 1776-77
and 1779-80. Morristown produced iron during
the Revolution as well as serving as a military
headquarters. From The Columbian Magazine,
October 1789, opposite p. 600. Fielding, 1847.
LC-USZ62-45578
^Pennsylvania
Interior
57i
A View of the Pulpit Rocks, between Hunting-
don & Bald Eagle Valley, State of Pennsyl-
vania. [1788]
Etching 3^ x 7 in.
This frontispiece for The Columbian Maga-
zine, September 1788, opposite p. 475, was used
to illustrate an article describing Bald Eagle
Valley, commonly called Sinking Spring Valley,
about 200 miles west of Philadelphia. The ar-
ticle describes its peculiar rock formations:
There is a set of sandy hills, high masses of which are in
places left bare, and from the lowness of their nature,
and the washing of the storms, have assumed different
forms, some of which the country people have likened to
214


pulpits, bowls, teapots, &c. In general, it is known by the
name of Pulpit-Rocks, of which the annexed plate will
communicate an accurate idea.
LC-USZ62-46029
572
A View of a Swallow, or Pit, at Sinking Spring
Valley, State of Pennsylvania. [1788]
Etching 3^ x 6% in. (image)
The peculiar geology of Sinking Spring
Valley produced the pits or swallows for which
the valley was named. The floor of the valley
was limestone, and when several streams
converged, they eroded the soft stone and
became underground rivers. Thus the waters
flowed only a short distance before "sinking"
of disappearing. Frontispiece for The Columbian
Magazine, October 1788, opposite p. 547.


573
573
A View of Fort Robertdeau, in Sinking-Spring
Valley, State of Pennsylvania. [1788]
Etching 4^ x 7^ in.
In 1779 about 60 families moved to Sinking
Spring Valley to mine lead which was badly
needed by the Continental Army. Fort Robert-
deau was built to protect the miners from
attack by the Indians, but continuing diffi-
culties finally resulted in the abandonment
of the project. By 1788 when the view and
article were printed, all that remained in the
valley were a few mine shafts and the fort.
From The Columbian Magazine, December
1788, opposite p. 703. LC-USZ62-31155
574
A View of ohiopyle falls, in Pennsylvania.
[1787]
Etching x 7 in. (image)
An accompanying article describes the talis:
The Falls of Yochiogeny, called in the maps, Ohiopyle
Falls, are by far the most magnificent, of any thing of this
kind, in the state of Pennsylvania. The several branches of

574
215


Yochiogeny river . . . form a large and beautiful river,
which, in passing through the most western ridges of the
mountains, precipitates itself over a level ledge of rocks,
lying nearly at right angles to the course of the river.
The falls are, by estimation, about 20 feet in perpendicular
height, and the river is perhaps 80 yards wide. For a
considerable distance below the falls, the water is very
rapid; and boils and foams vehemently, occasioning a
continual mist to rise from it, even at noon-day, and in fair
weather.
Frontispiece for The Columbian Magazine,
February 1787, opposite p. 253. Fielding, i860.
LC-USZ62-46022
575
View of a pass over the South Mountain from
York Town to Carlisle. Bedwell delt. [Thackera
Sc., 1788]
Etching 4 x yyi in.
York Town is the old name for York, Pa.,
where the Continental Congress met for nine
months during 1777-78 while the British held
Philadelphia. The Articles of Confederation
were drawn up while the Congress was sitting
at York. Frontispiece for The Columbian
Magazine, May 1788, opposite p. 236.
Fielding, 1570. LC-USZ62-46028
576
View from Bushongo Tavern 5 miles from
York Town on the Baltimore Road. [1788]
Etching x y}4 in.
Frontispiece for The Columbian Magazine,
July 1788. Stauffer, 3283, credits James
Trenchard with this engraving.
LC-USZ62-31149
577
A View of Bethlem, the Great Moravian
Settlement in the Province of Pennsylvania.
Vue de Bethlem, principal Etablissement des
Freres Moraves dans la Province de Pennsyl-
vania. Sketch'd on the Spot by his Excellency
Governor Pownal, Painted and Engraved by
Paul Sandby. London, Printed for John Bowles
at No. 13 in Cornhill, Robert Sayer at No. 53
in Fleet Street, Thos. JefTerys the Corner of



2l6


St. Martins Lane in the Strand, Carington
Bowles at No. 69 in St. Pauls Church Yard,
and Henry Parker at No. 82 in Cornhill. [1768]
Etching 14^ x 21 in.
Pownall's keen delight at his first sight of
the village of Bethlehem is evident in the
following account:
Coming out from amidst a wilderness of woods through
which I had been travelling some daies all at once at the
top of a hill & viewing hence this cultivated populous
settlement & its cluster of College like buildings large &
spacious all of stone; with the grounds all around planted
with orchards; & varied with tillage in all its forms of
culture; & border'd on the banks of the river on which it
lyes & of the rivulet which runns thro' it which rich &
green meadows My Eye was struck with unexpected
pleasure.
See Mulkearn, ed., Topographical Description of
the United States, p. 102. During the winter at
Valley Forge, the Americans established their
principal hospital at Bethlehem. From Sceno-
graphia Americana (1768). LC-USZ62-43546
— Another impression. In P&P
(trimmed edges). Imprint reads, "London,
Published according to Act of Parliament,
May 20, 1761 by Thos. Jefferys the Corner of
St. Martin's Lane."
578
A Design to represent the beginning and
completion of an American Settlement or
Farm. Dessein qui represente la maniere
d'etablir et de parachever une Habitation ou
Ferme Americaine. Painted by Paul Sandby,
from a Design made by his Excellency
Governor Pownal. Engraved by James Peake.
London, Printed for John Bowles at No. 13 in
Cornhill, Robert Sayer at No. 53 Fleet Street,
Thos. Jefferys the Corner of St. Martins Lane
in the Strand, Carington Bowles at No. 69
in St. Pauls Church Yard, and Henry Parker
at No. 82 in Cornhill. [1768]
Etching 14^4 x 20^ in.
From Scenographia Americana (1768).
LC-USZ62-31185



582
Another impression. In P&P
(trimmed edges). Imprint reads, "London,
Published according to Act of Parliament,
May 20, 1761 by Thos. Jefferys the Corner of
St. Martin's Lane."
579
Elevation of Campus Martius at A.B. [1788]
Etching x 5^ in. (image)
Campus Martius, a fort built on the public
square in Marietta, Ohio, is described in the
article which accompanies the view published
in The Columbian Magazine, November 1788,
opposite p. 646. "This fortification is all of
hewn timber, and, for appearance, convenience,
and defence, [is] of superior excellence." This
view is part of "A Plan of Campus Martius at
the City of Marietta Territory of the United
States, N.W. of River Ohio." Designated on
the plan are "Block Houses of Hewed Logs,"
"Gate ways," "well," "Dwelling Houses,"
"Watch Tower," and "Belfry."
^Philadelphia and Vicinity
580
A View on Schuylkill, near Philadelphia.
[1789] .
Etching 4^ x yyi in.
A sailboat in the right foreground and
rowboat to its left. Behind the rowboat and to
its left is a farmhouse, and in the far distance
are fields, woods, and mountains. From The
Columbian Magazine, November 1789, opposite
p. 625.
581
A View on the Schuylkill; with a SW. Prospect
of Bush-Hill, one of the Seats of William Hamil-
ton, Esq; [1789]
Etching 4% x 7^ in.
From The Columbian Magazine, February
1789, opposite p. 116. LC-USZ62-45575
218


582
an east View of Gray's Ferry, on the River
Schuylkill. C. W. Peale delin. J. T. Sculp.
[1787]
Etching 7^ x 13^ in.
Land travelers reached Philadelphia by
crossing Gray's Ferry Bridge over the Schuyl-
kill River. George Gray was the proprietor of
this floating bridge during the Revolutionary
era. Frontispiece for The Columbian Magazine,
August 1787, opposite p. 565. Stauffer, 3291.
LC-USZ6 2-46024
583
VUE DU PORT PHILADELPHIE DANS l'aMERIQUE.
Gravee d'apres le Tableau de Vernet. Vernet
pinxit. [177?]
Etching (hand colored) 5^6 x 8^4 in. (image)
Joseph Vernet (1714-1789), who recorded
many details of 18th-century life in a series
called "Ports of France," presents an imaginary
representation of the commercial activity of
America's busiest port. Through the shrewd-
ness and drive of Quaker businessmen, Phila-
delphia was for a time the third most important
commercial city in the British Empire. Wheat
and flour, pelts and furs supplied by the In-
dians, and barrels and staves were sent to the
West Indies where they were traded for sugar
and other products to be exchanged for British
manufactures. LC-USZ62-1417
584
Vue de Philadelphia. Philadelphia. Die
Haupt Stadt in der Nord-Americanischen
Provinz Pensylvanien, sie ist vom William
Penn (dem Caroll II Konig in Engelland, die
ganze Provinz geschencket hatte) im Jahr
1682, zwischen 2. Schiffreichen Fliissen angelegt
und desswegen Philadelphia genen, net worde,
weil die Einivohner in Briiderlicher Einigkeit
daselbst lebesollen. Philadelphia La Ville Capi-
tale de Pensylvanie, Province Nord-Ameri-
caine, William Penn a qui Charles II Roi

219



d'Angleterre donna cette Province entiere la
planta en 1682 entre deux fleuves navigables et
l'appella Philadelphie, parceque les habitans y
vivoient dans une Harmonie fraternelle. Se
vend a Augsbourg au Negoce commun de
l'Academie Imperiale d'Empire des Arts lib—
ereaux avec Privilege de Sa Majeste Imperiale
et avec Defense ni d'en faire ni de vendre les
Copies. Grave par Balth Frederic Leizelt
[177?]
Etching (hand colored) iil/2 x 17 in.
Another imaginary view of America's major
port laid out between the Delaware and Schuyl-
kill Rivers in 1682 by the surveyor general
Thomas Holme and named by William Penn
the "city of brotherly love." From "Collection
des prospects." LC-USZ62-41172
Another copy entitled "Philadel-
phie," with the explanation same as above but
in French only. "Presentement chez Basset rue
St. Jacques au coin ce celle de Mathurins,
Tient Fabrique de Papiers." Probably by
Andre Basset Tame. 13^ x 17^ in. (hand
colored).
585
The Jail. Philada. Malcom delt. et sc. [1789]
Etching 2ZA x 6 in.
The Walnut Street Jail, located between
Walnut and Spruce Streets at the corner of
Sixth Street, was built shortly after 1770. In
1789 and 1790 legislation was passed changing
the institution from a jail for Philadelphia
County to a State prison where reforms such
as the segregation of the sexes, the introduction
of prison industries and educational opportuni-
ties, and sound health and sanitation practices
were carried out. In the background of this
view, a ship is barely visible on the Delaware
River. From The Universal Magazine^ July
1789, p. 17. LC-USZ62-45561
220


586
A View of the New Market from the Corner of
Shippen & Second-Streets Philada. 1787.
Thackara Sc.
Etching ^y2 x 7% in.
Philadelphia's markets were celebrated for
their provisions of beef, mutton, excellent but-
ter and melons, peaches, and pears obtained
from nearby New Jersey gardens. The South
Second Street Market was the city's second
oldest and second largest, stretching south from
Pine Street along Second Street. The Columbian
Magazine, February 1788, opposite p. 53.
Fielding, 1569. LC-USZ62-46026
587
The accident in Lombard-street Philada.
1787 designd & engrav'd by C. W. Peale. No. 1
Etching -jyi x 11^ in.
This view of Lombard Street, six blocks
south of Market Street, pictures everyday life
in Philadelphia. Below the picture is a poem:
The pye from Bake-house she had brought
But let it fall for want of thought
And laughing Sweeps collect around
The pye that's scatter'd on the ground.
E. P. Richardson credits this print as "the
earliest etching done by an American painter
and the earliest genre street scene of an Ameri-
can city." It was intended to be the first in a
series depicting the principal streets in the city.
Charles Willson Peak's house is in the fore-
ground, and the little girl is probably his
daughter Angelica. LC-USZ72-213
588
An East Prospect of the City of Phila-
delphia: taken by George Heap from the
Jersey Shore, under the Direction of
Nicholas Scull Surveyor General of the
Province of Pennsylvania. Engrav'd &
Publish'd according to Act of Parliament, by

221


stProspect(f tin ClTY(fY\VLh3^A^\VLk\/ti/mi/>v Srru Smm>r(,■„„,„/PROVINCE <fPENNSYLVANIA

DESCRIPTION or rut: SITUATION. HARBOUR*kc. or rut: CITY axi> PORT or PHILADELPHIA

222


T. Jeffereys near Charing Cross. [1768]
Etching 18^4 x 36 in. (image)
Three pictures and a map on one print.
LC-USZ62-3282
a. A Description of the Situation, Harbour
&c. of the City and Port of Philadelphia.
x 36 in. (image)
Beneath this picture is the following descrip-
tion of the city. "Philadelphia, the Capital of
Pennsylvania, is situate on the West side of
the River Delaware, on a high and pleasant
Plain, the City is laid out in form of an Oblong,
two Miles in length, and one in breadth,
bounded on the East by Delaware River, and
on the West by the River Schuylkill, the
streets are all strait and parallel to the sides
of the plan, and consequently cut each other
at right angles, none of which are less than 50
and the widest 100 feet in breadth, the Houses
are built with Brick and are from two to three
and four Stories high; the Buildings are ex-
tended on Delaware Front a considerable
distance North and South beyond the Verge
of the City the depth of several Streets to the
Westward. The Harbour is one of the safest
and most commodius that is known, where
Ships of the greatest Burthen may safely
Anchor in seven or eight Fathom at Low
Water; and may unload close to the Warfs
without the least Danger, and as this Harbour
is at least thirty Miles above Salt Water, it
must consequently be free from Ship Worms;
The Tides rise and fall here seven or eight feet,
and flow up the River thirty Miles above the
Town. The great distance of Philadelphia from
the sea adds much to its Security, as the
channel is intricate and long and is a natural
fortification which together with a Battery a
little below the Town of twenty seven pieces
of large Cannon, is thought a sufficient defense
against an attack by Sea. This flourishing
City was founded by the honble. William Penn
first proprietor of the Province of Pennsyl-
vania & Counties of Newcastle, Kent and
Sussex in Delaware, in the Year 1682, and has
increased so fast, that in the Year 1753 the
number of dwelling Houses were near two
thousand three hundred. The City is governed
by a Mayor, Recorder, Alderman, and Com-
mon Council, is very full of inhabitants, and
the Trade so extensive that there was in the
month of October last one hundred and seven-
teen Sea Vessels in the harbour at one time,
and the export from December 25th 1751 to
December 25th 1752, by the Naval Office
appears to be as follows. Wheat 86,550 Bushels,
125,960 Barrels of Flour, 90,743 Bushels of
Indian Corn, 599 Hogsheads, 812 Tierces,
28,338 Barrels, 7,588 quarter Casks and 249
Tons of Bread, 925 Barrels of Beef, 3,431
Barrels of Pork, 4,812,943 Staves, 4,491 Bars,
189 Tons of Bar and 205 Tons of Pig Iron,
305 Chests, 32 Half Chests and 15 Quarter
Chests of Skins and Furs, 57 Chests, 112
Barrels 6 Boxes 2 Tierces and 5 Hogsheads of
Ginseng. 9,865 Hogsheads, 454 half Hogs-
heads, 39 Tierces and 221 Barrels of Flaxseed,
and the import from England to Philadelphia
for 3 Years from Christmas 1748 to Christmas
1751, amounted to £647,267„8„9, of which
£478,282„5„5, was the product and Manu-
facture of Grt. Britain." The picture identifies:
"1. Christ Church. 2. State House. 3. Academy.
4. Presbyterian Church. 5. Dutch Calvinist
Church. 6. The Court House. 7. Quakers
Meeting House. 8. High Street Warf. 9.
Mulberry Street. 10. Sasafras Street. 11. Vine
Street. The Other Streets are not to be seen
from the point of Sight. 13. Drawbridge.
14. Cornmill."
b. The Battery [Philadelphia] 4^ x %y& in.
(image). A redoubt with 27 cannons, a Union
Jack, and auxiliary buildings.
c. The State House [Philadelphia] 5^ x 11
in. (image)
Another copy. In Jefferys, A Gen-
eral Topography of North America (London,
1768), no. 44.
589
A N.W. VIEW OF THE STATE HOUSE IN PHILA-
DELPHIA taken 1778. C. W. Peale delin.
J. T. Sculp. [1787]
Etching 4^ x 7^4 in.
The account which accompanies this view
describes the statehouse as "a building which
will, perhaps, become more interesting in the
history of the world, than any of the celebrated
fabrics of Greece or Rome." Located on Chest-
nut Street between Fifth and Sixth, the build-
ing was ornamented with two clocks and a
steeple which was removed soon after the
British evacuation of Philadelphia. From The
Columbian Magazine, July 1787, opposite p.
516. Fielding, 1710. LC-USZ62-9486
590
Elevations of the State House [Phila-
delphia] London Publish'd according to Act
of Parliament March 12th. 1777 by W. Faden
Successor to the late Mr. Jefferys Geographer
to the King Charing Cross
Etching (hand colored) 25^ x i8>£ in.
(entire map)
The statehouse, or Independence Hall,
housed both the Continental Congress and
the Constitutional Convention. This picture is
an ornament on a map entitled "A Plan of
the City and Environs of Philadelphia Sur-
vey'd by N: Scull and G: Heap Engraved by
Willm. Faden 1777" from Faden, North
American Atlas (London, 1777), no. 19. Similar
to item 588c.
Another copy "engraved and pub-
lished by Matthew Albert Lotter. 1777." In
Lotter, Atlas Geographique (Niirnberg, 1778),
no. 99.
591
Pennsylvania Hospital [Philadelphia]. James
Smither Sculp. Printed by Tho. Man. [1774]
Etching iy2 x 5 in. (image)
223



The Pennsylvania Hospital for the Insane
admitted its first patients in 1756. During the
Revolution, the British Army took over the
buildings and used them as a dispensary.
An inset view on the John Reed "Map of
Philadelphia" (Philadelphia, 1774). Stauffer,
2986, enters items 591-593 as one number.
592
The State House [Philadelphia]. James
Smither Sculp. Printed by Tho. Man. [1774]
Etching 5^ x 9^ in. (image)
An inset view on the John Reed "Map of
Philadelphia" (Philadelphia, 1774).
593
The House of Employment & Alms House
[Philadelphia]. James Smither Sculp. Printed
by Tho. Man. [1774]
Etching iyi x 6l/> in. (image)
Completed in 1767, the Philadelphia Alms-
house shared the grounds on Spruce Street
with the House of Employment and the
Philadelphia Hospital, which was an infirmary
for the city's poor. An inset view on the John
Reed "Map of Philadelphia" (Philadelphia,
1774)-
^Delaware River and Bay
594
Perspective View of the Country between
Wilmington and the Delaware. Taken from
the Hill S.VV. of the Academy.
Etching x 13^2 in. (image)
E. P. Richardson credits Peale with the design
of this large panoramic view which unfolds to
exhibit farms, woods, and the river in the
background. The Academy is probably the
Academy of Newark, Del., moved to that site
from Philadelphia (via Elkton, Md.) in 1767.
From The Columbian Magazine, October 1789,
opposite p. 600. Stauffer, 3301.
LC-USZ62-45578
224


59b
Mud Forte [from] Province Island. [1777?]
Drawing (hand colored) x 6>^ in.
This view is inset on a map entitled "Plan of
Part of the River Delaware, from Chester to
Philadelphia, in which is mark'd the position
of His Majs: Ships on the 15th of November
1777." A redoubt is in the left foreground,
ships are anchored in the river to right of
center, and the fort is in the background.
Howe Collection, no. 14. Negative in G&M.
596
View of the Rebel Fort and Works, on Mud
Island comprehending Red-Bank on the Jersey
shore; taken from* [southeast shore of Carpen-
ter's Island] in front of the 6 Gun Battery.
[Pierre Nicole] 1777
Drawing (hand colored) x 27^ in. (side
and bottom measurement of irregular
pentagon)
A view produced from the surveys of John
Montresor, this picture is found at the base of a
map entitled "A Survey of the City of Phila-
delphia and its Environs Shewing the Several
Works constructed by his Majesty's Troops,
under the Command of Sir William Howe, since
their possession of that City 26th: September
1777, comprehending likewise the Attacks
against Fort Mifflin on Mud Island and until
its Reduction, 16th November 1777." It
differs slightly from the drawing "View of
Mud Island . . ." since it is a slightly nearer
view, the middle blockhouse has a roof, and
there are no designations. In Manuscript
Maps in G&M. LC-USZ62-44848 is the
negative number for a black-and-white print.
597
Elevation of the Commanding Officer's House
[on Mud Island, Pierre Nicole] 1777
Drawing (colored) i^i x 4^2 in.
A view of the house inset on a map entitled



225




599
"A survey of the City of Philadelphia . . .
1777." In Manuscript Maps in G&M.
598
[Interior view of the Fort on Mud Island (Fort
Mifflin)] Section through A: B. [Pierre Nicole]
1777
Drawing (colored) i^i x 18^4 in.
A cutaway view of the fort's construction
inset on a map entitled "A Survey of the City
of Philadelphia . . . 1777." In Manuscript
Maps in G&M.
599
View of Mud Island before it's Reduction 16th
Novr. 1777 under the Direction of John Mon-
tresor Esqr. Chief Engineer in America taken
from the Dyke in the Front of the Six Gun
Battery on Carpenter's Island, no. 15 [1777]
Ink and pencil with water color 11^4 x 29^2
in. (image)
John Montresor (1736-1799), the chief
British military engineer in America, designed
the defenses on Mud Island and was with the
forces of William Howe when the British took
Fort Mifflin in November 1777. Montresor
returned to England in 1778. The reduction
of the Delaware River forts marked the end
of the successful British Philadelphia Cam-
paign. LC-USZ62-94
226


6oo
A View of the Lighthouse on Cape Henlopen;
taken at Sea, August 1780. [1788]
Mixed method 3^ x 63 8 in. (image)
The Cape Henlopen lighthouse was built of
stone on the south cape of the Delaware River
in 1765. Nearby salt works are visible. An
accompanying article states that "the wrecks
that lie plentifully scattered over the beach,
affort a melancholy proof of the great necessity
for this lighthouse . . ." From The Columbian
Magazine, February 1788, opposite p. 108.
Stauffer, 3293. LC-USZ62-31786
601
A View of the Sea & Beach, from Mr. James
Xewbolds Plantation, near Indian River.
Trenchard Sculp. [1788]
Etching 3^ x 7 in.
The Indian River of southeast Delaware
flows into Indian River Bay south of Rehoboth.
The Newbold plantation beach is on a fresh
water pond protected from the Atlantic by a
narrow isthmus. The contemporary account of
this view describes the Indian corn, cider, iron
ore, yellow ocher, and seaweed useful in glass
manufacture available in the area and remarks:
Many other valuable articles of trade and manufacture
might be obtained here with proper attention and encour-
agement. But without the industry of man, the best shores
of nature must lie useless and unexplored.
Frontispiece for The Columbian Magazine,
June 1788. Stauffer, 3296.
LC-USZ62-31796
SOUTHERN STATES
Virginia
602
[A Port Scene in the South—-a cartouche]
Drawn by Joshua Fry & Peter Jefferson in
1775-

227



604
Etching 8^4 x 10^4 in. (image)
This cartouche for the well-known Fry-Jeff-
erson map of Virginia, Maryland, and parts of
Pennsylvania, New Jersey and North Carolina,
represents the tobacco trade, which was the
economic lifeline of the Chesapeake area. From
Jefferys, The American Atlas (London, 1775),
no. 20-21. The cartouche, first printed in 1751,
also appears in the editions for 1776, 1778, and
1782. Negative in G&M.
-Another impression. In Faden,
North American Atlas (London, 1777), no.
27-28.
-Another impression. In Jefferys, A
General Topography oj North America (London,
1768), no. 57.
603
A View of the Natural Bridge in Virginia.
[1787] .
Etching x 7^ in. (image)
Frontispiece for The Columbian Magazine,
September 1787, opposite p. 617. Stauffer, 3294.
ggThe Carolinas
604
[A Port Scene in South Carolina—a cartouche]
Publish'd according to Act of Parliament July
7th. 1773 and Sold By H. Parker in Cornhill.
Thos. Bowen sculpt.
Etching io^- x 13 in. (image)
Two white men direct the unloading of par-
cels and barrels from a ship tied to the dock.
A Negro carries a box from the wharf, and an
Indian watches from the woods. Across the
river is another wharf and a town. From "A
Map of the Province of South Carolina with
all the Rivers, Creeks, Bays, Inletts, Islands
. . . by . . . Jams Cook" in G&M Vault.
LC-USZ6 2-46 ico
228



Mr //<: MM,[
Mf/rt/y M> »'///rrr/t/>// Mi 'M'^f^fftt/r /y^fi. t/'Afr/ /f/.*/<•*///f>e/f.i ft////.//> t/t*//f/A:i.
A.TheArtivt>28GmM ?Willi:inis.lVllri(ii>l Commodore Sir Prti-rParkerKn! fer.fcr.fcr.or.lol'itiiu.f tint?Morris.f Experiment goOium Capt?Scot.D Solcbay'_'8Giiii» ("apt" Simons.E Syren 28(lima('aptVrburiieau.KKTue Ac-teon of 2f(l'.iin>
l*apl?Alkin» andSplmix nl'2o C.uns CiotVlliint on a Shoal tin- latter yotofi" but the Acteon was burnt by our I'Hv.-s the next Morning as it was impoflihle to get ItvrolT.O II.Tlie Thunder HombCapt'.'Reed with the PrHnidlhip Armed Veffel til" an Onus
t"a(»t?llo|H-. 11 Mount l"leiilaiit .S\ lioy;Iflaiid. I, Snlivans lllaml and Kort ,M A Narrow iftlnmis. X. An Armed Hulk to defend iln> Iftlumis.O The Continent I'.The MyrtU'Gruw.Q.TIieWefleriieiid ofSuliv ana 10.uk! fcFort Ereeted u|m»i a IViiinl'iila .
605
A Birds Eye View from part of Mount Pleasant
A. to the Eastern point of Long Island B C.
The Lady William an Armed Schooner, and
Sloop D. The Fort on Sulivans Island E. Suli-
vans Island. F. The Rebels Tents, Huts and
Redoubt. G. Green Island. H. The British
Camp on Long Island. I. The Ranger Snow of
War. K. The Anchorage of the Commodore
Sir Petr. Parker Knt. &c. &c. London, En-
graved & Publish'd according to Act of Parlia-
ment Augt. 10th 1776 by Wm. Faden Corner
of St. Martins Lane Charing Cross.
Etching j^i x 23^ in.
This view was dedicated to Sir Peter Parker
by Col. Thomas James. From Faden, Atlas of
Battles of the American Revolution (London,
1770-93), no. 27.
606
A N.b.E. View of the Fort on the Western end
of Sulivan's Island with the Disposition of His
Majesty's Fleet Commanded by Commodore
Sir Peter Parker Knt. &c. &c. &c. during the
Attack on the 28th. of June 1776, which lasted
9 hours and 40 minutes. London. Engraved &
Publish'd according to Act of Parliament Augt.
10th. 1776 by Wm. Faden Corner of St. Mar-
tin's Lane Charing Cross.
Etching 7^4 x 16^ in.
View of Sullivan's Island at the north side of
606
the entrance to Charleston Harbor, S.C. In
June 1776 the British tried to attack Fort
Sullivan (renamed Fort Moultrie) by land and
sea, but an unfavorable wind prevented the
tide from going out enough to allow land forces
on Long Island to ford the Breach, a narrow
channel separating the two islands. Three
frigates ran aground attempting to approach
the fort from the side here visible. The positions
of the attacking vessels are indicated on the
key below the print. The ship Acteon was
burned to prevent the Americans from seizing
her where she was stuck on the shoals. From
Faden, Atlas of Battles of the American Revolu-
tion (London, 1770-93), no. 26.
LC-USZ62-28131
229


607

Charles-Town [and] Fort-Sulivan. [1780]
Etching 9>2 x 14^ in.
The top view shows Fort Sullivan with the
harbor behind it. The view of Charleston shows
the position of the British fleet before and
after the attack on Fort Sullivan. It disting-
uishes the ships Bristol, Experiment, Solehay,
and Acteon, which is in flames. In the back-
ground from left to right are the Ashley River,
Fort Johnson, an American ship, and the en-
trances to the Cooper and Wando Rivers. The
view of Charleston is similar to the English
view in item 611. From the Rochambeau Col-
lection, no. 19 in G&M. LC-USZ62-46298
608
[A View of the Town of Charles Town in
South-Carolina from the South Shore of
Ashley River] Published according to Act of
Parliament Nov. 1st 1777 by J.F.W. Des-
Barres Esqr.
Aquatint with etching 6>^ x 14^ in. (image)
Inset for a map entitled "The Harbour of
Charles Town in South-Carolina, from the
Surveys of Sr. Jas. Wallace Captn in his
Majestys Navy & Others." Two men are
fishing in the foreground. Across the river is
the town surrounded by crenellated walls.
The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v. 3,
no. 51.
Other impressions: Phillips 1199,
v. 3, no. 33; Phillips 1200, v. 3, no. 34; Phillips
1205, v. 3, no. 35; Phillips 3658, pt. 3, no. 18;
Phillips 3655, v. 3, no. 18; Phillips 3656, v. 3,
no. 18; Phillips 3659, v. 3, no. 18; Phillips
4473, v. 1, no. 68; LeGear 10323, v. 1, no. 64;
LeGear 10317, v. 1, no. 15.
——— Other copies: Same title and im-
print. Etching (hand colored) yyi x 15 in.
(image). A man and a woman with cows
lounge in the foreground. In the background is
the walled city. Phillips 1202, v. 3, no. 31;



Phillips 1203, v. 3, no. 315 Phillips 4474, v. 3,
no. 30.
609
A View of Charles-Town, the Capital of
South Carolina. From an Original Picture
painted at Charles Town, in the Year 1774.
Painted by Thus. Leitch. Engraved by Saml.
Smith. Published as the act directs 3d June
1776 by S. Smith, Green Street, Leicester
Fields, London.
Etching 1634" x 28^ in. (image)
View of Charleston, probably from Shutes
Folly. LC-USZ62-14865
610
A View of Charles Town the Capital of South
Carolina in North America. Vue de Charles
Town Capitale de la Carolina du Sud dans
l'Amerique Septentrionale. Engraved by C.
Canot from an Original Painting of T. Mellish,
in the Collection of Mr. John Bowles. London.
231



232



7fro/// on /•/>//rs///// X$r/.j/o/ {/>//////of/s>/-f >t A/•_ //•///' '/s//■//*/• . AS//?. frr. /r/Ar// ///•/'// r '/'/r/Ao///
. AA/A /Ar r/r/y a/^ez/A/ <■ ^'//forsA«fu?/i Fort Sulivan Ay /As A'A/^rnatArrc S^Aw * /^//////ro/t. //A^rA*^/fm/ro-/r///n//rsA^Au>t/^,/f'y . ////////A:/.
. /X'harlesTowi^jUhleyRiver/T ft'/wrm!/f/trF/ef/mrb /tf/hrrfi-a/ttrtfte. -fttrrrkr'/Fort ,S'u//iym,F. The Station of the headmaft 'Frigate the Solebay.
/><■>> AtifafrfhrrrffrMr/rrx/'mmFortSuntmt ,r*WWA//A-;i^^»w>/^^ of Mount Plea&nt./.PaTt of noglllancUA'.WanaoKiv-f/.Cooi^rKiv'
.tf. James Jflanri.al the Southern Point is Fort Johrifion typo/i'Sr tt>r fh/u-r f>/~. I fount f'/fu/ht/t Tfure. if/fount/ // J dt/tnmr. . V." Breakers on Charles Town liar, O. Rebels Schooner of vi Guns.
Printed for John Bowles at No. 13 in Cornhill,
Robt. Sayer at No. 53 in Fleet Street, Thos.
Jefferys at the Corner of St. Martins Lane in
the Strand, & Carington Bowles at No. 69 in
St. Pauls Church Yard. [1768]
Etching x 20^ in.
Another view of the flourishing commercial
city of Charleston in the 18th century. Called
a true city state, the town represented a
close association of urban and rural life. Its
merchants and businessmen tended to invest
in land, and many planters chose to maintain
townhouses in the city. See Scenographia
Americana (1768). LC-USZ62-45325
6ll
A N.W.b.N. View of Charles Town from on
board the Bristol . . . taken in Five Fathom
611
Hole the day after the Attack upon Fort
Sulivan by the Commodore & his Squadron,
which Action continued 9 hours & 40 minutes.
London, Engrav'd & Publish'd according to
Act of Parliament Augt. 10th 1776 by Wm.
Faden Corner of St. Martins Lane Charing
Cross.
Etching %Yi x \i% in.
This view, also dedicated to Sir Peter
233


Parker by Col. Thomas James, depicts Charles-
ton Harbor the day after the battle of Sullivan's
Island. Identified in the picture are the
Ashley, Cooper, and Wando Rivers, James
Island, Fort Johnson, Hog Island, Mount
Pleasant, Cummins' Point, Five Fatham Hole,
and the breakers on Charleston Bar. Also
identified are the British ships Bristol, Experi-
ment, and Acteon, the latter in flames. An
American vessel is visible in the center back-
ground. From Faden, Atlas of Battles of the
American Revolution (London, 1770-93), no.
28. LC-USZ62-46097
^Georgia and Florida
6l2
A View of the Entrance into St. Mary's
River. Published 26 March 1770 according to
Act of Parliament by Thomas Jefferys Geogra-
pher to the King, in the Strand.
Mixed method 1^4 x 6^ in. (image)
This view designates the inner points of
Amelia and Cumberland Islands. St. Mary's
River, which rises in Okefenokee Swamp,
Georgia, forms part of the border between
that State and Florida. This inset is for a map
entitled "A Chart of the Entrance into St.
Mary's River taken by Capt. W. Fuller in
November 1769" from Faden, North American
Atlas (London, 1777a), no. 26.
Another copy entitled "Vue de
l'entre de la Riviere de St. Mary Tiree de la
carte de W: Fuller." In France, Depot des
cartes et plans de la marine, Neptune Americo-
Septentrional (Paris, 1778-80), no. 26.
A North View of Pensacola, on the Island of
Santa Rosa, Drawn by Dom. Serres. [1768]
Etching x io}4 in.
In 1722 when Pensacola was restored to the
Spanish by the French, the town, originally
established in 1696, was rebuilt on Santa Rosa
Island where it was believed to be safer from
Indian attacks. This island very nearly en-
closes Pensacola Bay, called by the early
explorers Santa Maria Bay. The key to this
view identifies the fort, the church, the
Governor's house, the commandant's house, a
well, and a small craft called a "Bungo."
From Jefferys, A General Topography of North
America (London, 1768), no. 68a.
LC-USZ62-46099
Possibly derived from a 1743 source. An
earlier Dutch copy in the New York Public
Library has caption: "Gezigt Van't Spaansche
Hek Pensacola. . . . Naar een Tekening, die
op de Plaats zelre, in't jaar 1743, is gamaakt."
Another impression in Hedendaagsche Historie,
of Tegenwoordige Staat van Amerika, v. 3
(Amsterdam, Isaak Tirion, 1766), p. 314.
614
A View of Pensacola in West Florida. Vue de
Pensacola dans le Florida Occidentale. To the
Honourable Sr. William Burnaby Rear Ad-
miral of the Red, & Commander in Chief of His
Majesty's Ships at Jamaica, & in the Gulf of
Mexico, &c. This View of Pensacola is Dedi-
cated by his most Obedt. humble Servt. Geo.
Gauld. Publish'd according to Act of Parlia-
ment by G. Gauld & Sold by T. Jefferys in the
Strand, London. [177?]
Etching 14^ x 21 in.
View of Pensacola, the capital of West Flor-
ida, after the city was moved from Santa Rosa
Island to a regularly laid out area on the north
side of the bay. The ships in the foreground are
British. The crest of William Burnaby beneath
the picture shows a lion standing over two hor-
izontal bars with a star between them and a
banner reading "Pro Rege." LC-USZ62-45384


6i3



THE WEST INDIES
. 615
[A Scene in the West Indies] London. Printed
for Robt. Sayer & John Bennett. Map and
Print sellers No. 53 in Fleet Street, as the Act
directs 20 Feby. 1775.
Etching 20 x 25^ in.
Ornamentation for title page to Jefferys, The
West-India Atlas (London, 1775). The scene de-
picts a tropical harbor with two small ships
flying the British flag. In the foreground a
British sailor leans against a hogshead. Lush
foliage of bananas, coconuts, pineapples, and
sugar cane frames the scene. Fame flies over
the entire scene carrying a torch and trident.
LC-USZ62-46098
Other impressions: In the 1777, the
1780, and the 1787 editions of this atlas. An-
other impression is in the French edition en-
titled Atlas des hides Occidentals (Londres,
1777)-
616
The Entrance of Havannah, from within the
Harbour. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1774-81]
Aquatint with etching 9^ x 17^4 in.
One of the finest harbors in the Northern
Hemisphere, Havana (or Habana) is pictured
here with its channel guarded by forts; the city
itself is surrounded by a wall. At one time the
most fortified city in Spanish America (its
largest tort, La Cabana, was completed in
1774), Havana was captured by the British in
1762 and held for one year. The Atlantic Nep-
tune. Phillips 1198, v. 3, no. 67.
LC-USZ6 2-46051
616a
The Harbour and part of the Town of Ha-
vannah. [J.F.W. Des Barres, 1774-81]
Aquatint with etching 9X x 18 in.


From The Atlantic Neptune. Phillips 1198, v.
3, no. 67. LC-USZ62-46052
617
LE MOLE ST. NICOLAS DANS L ISLE DE ST. DOMIN-
gue, Vu du Mouillage Tire d'un Recueil de
differens Ports des Isles Antilles dessines en
1780. Reunis a la Collection des Ports de
France, graves par le Sr. Gouaz. N. Ozanne
del. Jeanne Fa Ozanne sculp. [178?]
Line engraving 5^ x 12^ in. (image)
This pier on the island of Dominica in the
Windward Islands is identified as St. Nicolas
Mole. The view of ships anchored in the port
was done by Nicolas Ozanne (1728-1811), elder
brother of Pierre (1737-1786), and by Jeanne-
Francoise, their older sister. This family of
French artists did different views of the French
colonies at the time of the American Revolu-
tion. The younger sister, Marie-Jeanne, was the
wife of Yves-Marie le Gouaz, engraver and
author of a collection of more than 60 views of
ports of France and the Antilles after the
designs of Nicolas Ozanne. LC-USZ62-45374
618
Veduta di S. Eustachio. N. Matraini del. J
Ottaviani inc. [1777]
Etching 8>^ x 14 in.
View of St. Eustatius, an islet in the Lee-
ward Islands belonging to the Dutch West In-
dies. Shown here is the principal settlement of
Oranjestad, located between the island's two
volcanic peaks. The legend identifies a fissure
of a lake on the volcano at the right, the Dutch
church, the fort, the English church, the wharf
for unloading merchandise, the piazza of the
customhouse, the town, the governor's resi-
dence, and the private Roman church. The
island prospered during the American Revolu-
tion when it served as a supply base for the
Colonies, but it declined with the British occu-
pation in 1781. From Atlante delV America . . .
(Livorno, 1777), no. 22. LC-USZ62-46021

618
131


The-TIMES are
?DifntaL
«Doiefui
iDoiOIOUg, and
X>oLLAK 'LESS.

Thurfday, OOob&si, 1765. THE JVUMB 1195.
PENNSYLVANIA JOURNAL;
AND
WEEKLY ADVERTISER.
EXPIRING' In Hopes of a Refurrection to Lite again.
AM forty to be obliged 8 bear the Burthen, has thought it expedient
to acquaint my Read- I to stop awhile, in order todeliberaie-, whe.
ers, that as The-Stamp^ It her any Methods can be found to elude the
Act, isfcar'd to beob- I Chainsforged for Us, andefcape the mfup-
ligatory upon u3 after I portable Slavery, which it is hoped, from
thefirjl<f Jfayfmieren-■ the laft Reprefentationa now made again 11
fuing, (thefatel'fo mor-| that may be effected. Mean while,
I mull earneftJy Retjueft every Individual
the FubhliK-rof this Paper unable to
of my Subfcribers many of whom hove
been long behind Hand, thai tho.y v,cx>x
Chapter IV
Cartoons and Allegories
619
This is the Place to affix the stamp. [October
24, 1765]
Woodcut 1^ x 1^ in. (image)
A skull and crossbones placed at the bottom
right corner of The Pennsylvania Journal and
Weekly Advertiser for October 24, 1765. The
articles and letters on this page expressed
shock and anger at news of the Stamp Act.
LC-USZ62-242.
For the skull and crossbones motif,
see also the masthead for The Pennsylvania
Journal and Weekly Advertiser for October 31,
1765. William Bradford reiterates his earlier
woodcut with a funereal masthead and a
black border around the page.
LC-USZ62-21637
Another skull and crossbones with
the caption, "Hereabouts will be the Place to
affix the stamp." In the lower right corner of
The Boston Gazette and Country Journal for
October 7, 1765.
620
The Tomb-Stone. Here lieth the Body of
William Duke of Cumberland &c. lamented
by his Country, which he twice Sav'd. First
by overcoming the joint forces of France and
S d, at the Battle of Culloden; and
after by selecting a Ministry, out of those
c affix the STAMP.

619-1
virtuous few, who gloriously withstood Gen-
eral Warrants, American Stamps, Ex-
tension of Excise. &c. &c. &c. Printed
for Mr. Smith and Sold at the Woolpack in
Long Acre, near Drury Lane, London.
[October 1765]
Etching 17^ x 9^ in.
In the foreground is a sarcophagus adorned
with bas-reliefs of Britannia and America.
On the top are George Grenville, Lord Bute,
and the Duke of Bedford. Dr. W. Scott,
portrayed as a small dog labeled "AntiSejanus"
is on a leash, signifying control of his anti-Bute
activities. On the ground from left to right are
Lord Sandwich (Jemmy Twitcher), the Earl
of Halifax, Earl Temple, the Devil, and two
churchmen. One of the churchmen is probably
Warburton. This cartoon satirizes the joy
among corrupt elements over the death of the
Duke of Cumberland who helped repeal the
American Stamp Act. CPPS 4124
LC-USZ62-45397
621
Antisejanus. Drink deep, or taste not the
Portereal Spring [1765]
Etching io}i x 7^
This cartoon criticizes the Rev. Dr. W. Scott
who supported repeal of the Stamp Act. He is
dressed in a slovenly manner and surrounded
by articles of ridicule: an empty tankard, an
owl sitting on a keg of spirits, and a donkey
pegasus. The aphorism below adds to the
sentiment:
A Parson in Politics is like a Monkey in a Toyship—
He may do much Mischief, but cannot possibly do any
Good.
Witness (being first duly stampt)
CPPS 4127 LC-USZ62-45398
622
The Great Financier, or British Economy for
the Years 1763, 1764, 1765. Publd. according
to Law. [1765]
Etching 12^2 x $}4 in. (image)
Pictured is George Grenville trying to
balance the budget with Pitt, a Frenchman,
239



240



a Spaniard, Britannia, and a figure representing
economy. The American Indian plays a promi-
nent role by wearing a yoke designated "Taxed
without Representation" and kneeling before
the English Ministers. He holds a large sack
of dollars and tells the Englishmen, "Com-
merce will outweigh it [the deficit]. The song
at the bottom reads:
i
Our Budget is empty, & upwards it flies,
But our Debt is too unweildy & sullen to rise;
Such Wonders our Grand Financier can dispense,
That he'll pay off ten Millions by saving ten Pence.
Derry down.
2
For Conquests, or Commerce he cares not a Straw,
Nor if French, Dutch or Spaniards, in Trade give
us Law;
Oeconomy only shall cure every Evil,
Pitt, Merchants & Soldiers may go to the Devil.
Derry down.
3
Sea Captains that once fill'd the World with Alarms,
Chang'd to pilfring Tide Waiters dishonour their
Arms;
But let not rash Critics his measures upbraid,
He discharges our Debts by destroying our Trade.
Derry down.
4 .
America groans & petitions in vain,
Her grief is his Toy, & her Loss is his Gain;
For ways and means curious his Brain he ne'er
racks,
He stops all her wealth & then lays on his Tax.
Derry down.
See the Mimick of Business sap Britain's proud
Throne,
How her Spear broken lies & Her Honours are
flown;
But Oeconomy quickly will set all to rights,
Such Legerdemain is ye bravest of Sights.
Derry down.
6
His wonderful Budget will ruin our Foes
While his saveall most sweetly perfumes Britains
Nose
Oh! may he like his Budget triumphant arise
Whilst a Lord helps his nearer Approach to the
Skies.
Derry down.
CPPS 4128 LC-USZ62-45399
241



242



623
The Repeal, or the Funeral Procession, of
Miss Americ-Stamp. [March 18, 1766]
Mixed method 10 x 14 in.
This cartoon predicts the flourishing of
English commerce with the repeal of the Stamp
Act. The print provides the following explica-
tion of the complicated allegory:
Over the Vault are placed two Skeleton Heads, Their
elevation on poles, and the dates of the two Rebellion
Years [1715 and 1745] sufficiently shew what party they
espoused, and in what cause they suffered an ignominious
Exit.
The reverend Mr. Anti-Sejanus [Rev. Dr. W. Scott]
(who under that signature hackney'd his pen in support
of the Stamps) leads the procession as officiating Priest,
with the burial service and funeral sermon in his hands.
Next follow two eminent Pillars of the Law, [Alexander
Wedderburn and Fletcher Norton] supporting two black
flags, on which are delineated the Stamps with the White
Rose and Thistle interwoved an expressive design, supposed
to have been originally contrived on the 10 of June. The
significative motto Semper Eadem is preserved, but the
Price of the Stamp is changed to three farthings, an im-
portant sum taken from the Budget. The numbers 122
and 71 declare the minority which fought under these
Banners.
Next appears the honourable Mr. George Stamp,
[George Grenville] full of Grief and dispair, carrying his
favourite Childs Coffin Miss Americ Stamp, who was born
in 1765, and died hard in 1766.
Immediately after, follows the chief Mourner Sejanus
[Lord Bute].
243





Then his Grace of Spital Fields, [Duke of Bedford]
and Lord Gawkee [Earl Temple].
After these Jemmy Twitcher, [Earl of Sandwich] with
a Catch, by way of funeral anthem, & by his side his
friend and partner Mr. Falconer Donaldson of Halifax
[Lord Halifax].
The rear is brought up by two right reverend Fathers
of the Church [Warburton holding a book].
These few mourners are seperated from the joyful
scene which appears on the River Thames, where three
first rate ships are riding. Viz. the Conway, Rockingham,
and Grafton [names of ministers who supported the
repeal]. Along the opposite shore, stand open Warehouses
for the several goods of different manufactoring towns
from which Cargoes are now shipping for America. Among
these is a large Case containing the Statue of Mr. Pitt,
which is heaving on board a Boat No. 250, there is another
boat taking in goods nearer the first Rates, which is No.
105. These Numbers will ever be held in esteem by the
true Sons of Liberty.
See CPPS 4140 LC-USZ62-1505
Another impression in the Peter
Force Collection in the Manuscript Division.
624
The Repeal, or the Funeral of Miss
Ame-Stamp. [March 18, 1766]
Etching %yi x 13 in.
A cartoon similar to item 623. Described in
CPPS 4140. LC-USZ62-21264
Another impression. In the Peter
Force Collection in the Manuscript Division.
Another copy. Same as above
except with no explanation and the designation:
"Printed for & sold by Carington Bowles,
No. 69 in St. Pauls Church Yard, London."
625
The Statue, or the Adoration of the Wise-
Men of the—West, Sold by Mr. Smith No. 45
Long Acre, and Mr. Clagget Junr. in Sugar
Loaf Court, Fanchurch Buildings London.
Publish'd April 21st 1766
Mixed method 12 x in.
A sequel to "The Repeal," item 624. Dr.
W. Scott stands on a pedestal holding a
picture of the stamp which would no longer be
used in America and an apple tree branch
representing the cider tax. A wife and two
children of a weaver kneel before Scott, and
members of the Ministry look on. From left
to right the members are Wedderburn, the
Earl of Halifax, Lord Sandwich (Jemmy
Twitcher), George Grenville, Duke of Bedford,
and Fletcher Norton. A Fury flies up with a
hand mirror for Dr. Scott to examine himself.
CPPS 4141 LC-USZ62-45400
626
A View of the Obelisk erected under Liberty-
Tree in Boston on the Rejoicings for the Re-
peal of the—'Stamp-Act 1766. To every Lover
of liberty, this Plate is humbly dedicated, by
her true born sons, in boston New England.
Paul Revere sculp
Etching 9^ x 13^ in. (image)
Shows the four sides of the monument: 1)
America in distress, anticipating the total loss
of liberty, 2) she implores the aid of her patrons,
3) she endures the conflict for a short season,
4) she has her liberty restored by the royal hand
of George III. Some of the 16 people depicted
at the top of the monument are Duke of York,
Marquis of Rockingham, Queen Charlotte,
King George III, Gen. H. S. Conway, Colonel
Barre, William Pitt, Lord Dartmouth, Alder-
man Beckford, Charles Townshend, Lord
George Sackville, Dennis De Berdt, John
Wilkes, and Lord Camden. Most of the figures
have little resemblance to the real people. See
Brigham, Paul Revere s Engravings (Wor-
cester, Mass., 1954). This print is probably a
restrike done after 1839. LC-USZ62-22385
627
The New Country Dance, as Danced at
C****. July the 30th. 1766. Sold by J. Pridden
in Fleet Street. Price 6d. [July 30, 1766]
Etching 13 x in.
Characterizations of John Wilkes, the Earl
of Bute, the Prince of Wales, William Pitt,
America (a half-naked Indian woman), the
devil, Henry Fox (Lord Holland), Charles
Townshend, the Earl of Northington, George
III, the Earl of Rockingham, the Duke of
Newcastle, Earl Temple, Frank Hayman, and
Lord Winchelsea, engaged in a political dance.
A song at the bottom:
Here You see de Country Dance, Sir,
See each Couple how dey Prance, Sir,
First of all dat Foot to Foot a
Is de and Lord Boot a.
Doodle doodle doo
Next You see Lord Cheat'em come a
With America and Rum a,
His ambition's Pow'r & Pelf, Sir,
He serv'd You, to serve Himself, Sir.
Doodle &c.
There C rl s T th d cuts a Caper,
Weather-cock like turn'd by Vapour;
While Britannia's fill'd with Dread, Sir,
Topsy turvey on Her Head Sir.
Doodle &c.
Next to Him is N th n a,
With his Miss, and full of Fun a;
He can and Crack his Jest, Sir,
Ther's his Bumper, to the Best, Sir,
Doodle &c.
Fox is to Old Nick attach'd a,
Ne'er were Partners better match'd a,
Frenchman, Spaniard's very merry;
Laughing at such Hey down derry.
Doodle &c.
6
But whose Fiddler to these Dancers?
These great patriotic Financers?
Why the , or He's bely'd Sir,
With a Sawney at each Side, Sir.
Doodle &c.
7
See to Paris, to be free a,
Wilkes retreat for Liberty a;
Why the Devil's all this Fuss, Sir,
He's bewitch'd as well as us, Sir.
Doodle &c.
245


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626
246



247


TV TWUtAPH oV Arnvru

Thcyrun% and fpiritMi HoiTe -— .who,
though he draws a Coach at yrefeW il ecjually
fit unci witling to dra*. m a Dnnj Car< Th*
Oimi Cwftj «f <hit Hollo, was ■■ ■ it i
SMbon tayvowi tir*ai 6m*M4«i ». fa-
vourite Fitly ke,.t »>j, Charfei thr 6ccoac1-
Thc iint fhowy Hortt tf/t.atr,?rtc>rk,(£ 4 moCt
remarkable lsr*t:d.h»« *t«_ndtr and S,ol« t'Aouth
and (ctlj the Curb «.t»ncc, W«n the Whipvi-ey
Kindly, h« draws eiru.*.\Vy wt\ on eivher oid«?,
(orein.ilt or hindrnTe, if >»pt howevtr to loo*.
oiM.Wpy.wUiM> We etrawS aifther, mu.ch<jven
tohart ina,, and it he care flip from the Tmcs
will ctrtdinly run unity; vS«n thiv happens
lirays Northwards.and may be |oun<i ^rnni^
ilioui L-ooton Hoe , tht Lo*'d of the Manor li
•Myl sjwes turn up to hu Owner, and for forne.
Days .iritr. having, bcenhrfr wi:ll well whippy ,
•he Stable , Kt draw* more kmdly than be
fore
Crafty, d CoUot InfhBreed
full ul Tntler; but. when V
T pe, and N cas e see a,
R ng m, and W ch a a;
They are not allow'd to Prance, Sir,
Such is the St James's Dance, Sir.
Doodle doodle doo
CPPS 4147 LC-USZ62-45401

628
The triumph of America. [August 1766]
Etching 8 x 10 in.
America is represented as an Indian seated
in a landau with William Pitt as the driver.
The horses represent the Duke of Grafton,
Charles Townshend, the Earl of Shelburne,
H.S. Conway, Robert Henley (Earl of North-
ington), and Lord Camden. The ministers hold
the carriage back from falling off the cliff, and
another Indian, the postilion, states that the
King has a "dispensing power" when necessary.
Britannia lies at the bottom of the cliff; she will
be crushed if the carriage continues. Pitt had
recently formed a new Ministry designed to
eliminate dissension, but his choice of ministers
from disparate factions stalled government
processes, and his acceptance of a peerage made
him unpopular. Burke's description of this
Ministry might well describe this cartoon:
a tesselated pavement without cement; here a bit of black-
stone, and there a bit of white; patriots and courtiers, king's
friends and republicans; whigs and tories; treacherous
friends and open enemies ... a very curious show, but
utterly unsafe to touch and unsure to stand on.
Works oj Edmund Burke (1815), ii, 420. CPPS
4152 LC-USZ62-17241
629
A Political, Anatomical, Satirical, Lec-
ture on Heads and No Heads; as Exhibited
at St. J s's 1766.
Mixed method 5^ x 9^4 in. (image)
The Earl of Bute holds up a bust of Pitt
showing the features to a devil and a group of
courtesans. The text below identifies the bust:
This is the Head of one of those celebrated Personages
called Patriots; it is taken from the Statue now carving,
to be sent to America; he was formerly stiled the G t
C r, he gained the Name of Great from the Great
Number of People he had deceived; he made them believe
that he had nothing so much at Heart as their Interest;
that his Country was more dear to him than himself, or
his Wife, that Gold and Titles could never seduce him to
act contrary to the Interest of his Country; but on touching
his Temples with an Earl's Coronet, the Mask fell off, and
instead of the candid, placid, true Patriot, he appeared
the corrupted, selfwill'd conceited, avaricious, and super-
serviceable Courtier, on his Brows were written in large
Characters, peerage.
William Pitt, known as the Great Commoner,
is here condemned because he assumed a title
and re-entered the Government. This broad-
side indicates the ironic situation of a man's
statue being sent to America to celebrate his
repeal of the Stamp Act while he was under the
influence of corrupt officials. Cf. item 623 for
reference to Pitt's statue sent to America.
Another bust represents George III, who is
described as lacking the power of action. Other
ministers have charges against them.
LC-USZ62-46658
249


Tell to mc.if you are uittu
WhoJe wooden Left m *?l cte City


De broad (mmHidne thrust h/s Mo6 m
ZPe 'VhjJjt SrStep/lens ihrtncr are ihrotbiruj
One Cridch itv America, /s Bobbmcj
T'oodle c/o
3ut Tirho 6e yor?der Odd mart Ike re j 'n"
Buifdtivj de Castle m de dir jit
0* tis de Temple one man jroccrr Si*
Stamp Act .£ a Dcnfdd.. dots de Jol>b sir
Dot Sl-cnppt it in. de Still memi
To he Americas Nabob sir
2)e Ev<f(/sk dream, ind LxJteL vrt
For cte French day make cte pit
x<5 a pit for fhem, mho ncnv two bit sir

afl pan-
/
250


630
Common-Wealth. The Colo8sus. Sold by T.
Ewart in the Strand. [1766]
Etching 7 x 9 in.
William Pitt straddles the world on two stilts.
The one designated sedition dangles hooks be-
fore a group of people near New York; the
other labeled popularity rests in London. He
is supported by a crutch designated pension
which rests among bubbles entitled "M.
Charta," "Patriotism," "Pension," "Continen-
tal Connections," "War," "Peace," "Gold
Boxes," "Minority," "Majority." The bubbles
"loyalty" and "publick spirit" break in their
fall from a temple in the sky where Earl Temple
is blowing them. A song to the left reads:
Tell to me if you are vitty
Whose wooden Leg is in de City
Eh biene, tis de great Pity
Doodle do
De broad brim Hat he thrust his Nob in
De while St Stephens throng are throbbing
One Crutch in America is Bobbing
Doodle do
But who be yonder Odd man there sir
Building de Castle in de Air sir
O'tis de Temple one may swear Sir
Doodle do
Stamp Act, La Diable. dats de Jobb sir
Dat Stamp't it in de Stiltmans Nob sir
To be America's Nabob sir
Doodle do
De English dream vid leetel vit sir
For de French day make de pit sir
Tis a pit for them, who now are bit sir.
Doodle Noodle do
CPPS 4162 LC-USZ62-45402
—■ ■—■—Another copy without imprint and
with fewer details.
63I
Amerique. [1766]
Etching 2^4 x 2^ in. (image)
America pictured as a woman with a skirt

631
made of feathers. Tropical port in the back-
ground. Border ornament for a map entitled
"Mappe-monde Dresse ... en 1741, par Mrs.
Tchirikcow et de 1'Isle . . . par le Chr. de
Beaurain. . . ." From Brion de la Tour, Atlas
Ecclesiastique (Paris, 1766), no. 1.
LC-USZ62-46089
632
The Colonies Reduced. Its Companion. De-
sign'd and Engrav'd for the Political Register.
[1767]
Mixed method iyi x 2H m- and 3/4 x 3^
in. (image)
Two pictures printed on a single sheet.
Britannia seen dismembered of limbs desig-
nated Virginia, Pennsylvania, New York, and
New England. Inactive ships are in the back-
ground; a broken tree and olive branch, are
in the foreground. The second picture shows
Britannia attacked by the Earl of Bute who
holds up her skirt so that Spain and France can
attack her buttocks. France, meanwhile, steals
away America dressed as an Indian, a Dutch-
man steals a ship, and a serpent attacks


632
Britannia. These pictures show that the dis-
memberment of the Colonies from the body
of England will result in the loss of trade and,
thus, the eventual destruction of the British
Empire. CPPS 4183 LC-USZ62-34866
251



252



°jj
[A Christian figure appears to an Indian—a
cartouche, 1767]
Etching 5^ x 6% in. (image)
An Indian in a skirt made of feathers or
leaves sees a woman in the sky holding a
cross. Wild animals are around the Indian on
the ground. These figures form the top and the
bottom of a cartouche on a map entitled
"L'Amerique Septentrionale et Meridionale
. . . par le sr. Robert" from Julien, Le Theatre
da Monde (Paris, 1768), no. 54.
634
[America and two children—a cartouche,
1768?]
Etching %y2 x 7^ in. (image)
America is a beautiful, naked woman; her
children are playing and working among the
animals and foliage. Erom a map entitled
"Amerique Septentrionale . . . Par le Sr.
d'Anville" in Julien, Le Theatre du Monde
(Paris, 1768), no. 56.
——■ Another copy. "London Printed
tor John Bowles at the Black Horse in Corn-
hill, & Carington Bowles next the Chapter
House in St. Pauls Church Yard." [1755-71?]
6 x 6*/2 in. (image). This cartouche is on a map
entitled "A Map on the Whole Continent of
America" in Palairet, {Collection of Maps]
(London, 1755-71)^0. 1.
635
Avaunt ve troublers of a World's repose.
[1768]
Mixed method 7^8 x 3%' in.
Liberty weeps for the cause of a commoner
who kneels before her. Maps of Corsica and
North America are at her feet. With her are
George III and Britannia supporting the cause
of the commoners. The verse below the picture
reads:
Avaunt ye troublers of a World's repose.
No more your base destructive schemes disclose:
For george shall yet support the fainting Fair,
Restore her Peace, & shield her from Despair.
From The London Magazine, 1768, frontispiece.
LC-USZ62-45496
636
[An Attempt to Land a Bishop in America,
1768]
Mixed method 6 x 3^4 in.
American colonists chase an Anglican bishop
onto a ship named the Hilsborough. They wave
books entitled "Locke" and "Sydney on
637
Government" and throw a copy of "Calvin's
Works" after him. After being appointed
Secretary of State for the Colonies in 1768,
Lord Hillsborough supported Archbishop
Seeker's plan to send a bishop to North
America. The bishop was never sent, but this
cartoon shows what might have happened if
he had come to America at this time. CPPS
4227 LC-USZ61 78
637
The North Star. [1768]
Mixed method 7^ x 5^4 in. (image)
Lord Bute sits on a cloud with a whip and
money bag. To his left sits William Pitt, the
253


Earl of Chatham, with Indian feathers in his
hair and a gouty foot resting on a pillar
designated "America." Other figures partici-
pating in the destruction of English liberties
resemble Grafton, Warburton, Mansfield, the
Earl of Hertford, Northington, Fletcher
Norton, Rochford, and Granby. A ragged
English sailor fiddles, and the English Constitu-
tion crumbles beneath him. Wilkes looks on in
horror. This cartoon reflects the grave concern
of Englishmen for the nation's problems,
which many saw as caused by the Scottish
influences of Bute and others. This is shown
explicitly by the figure of a Scotsman mar-
tyring Britannia with a broadsword. Chatham
was one of the main hopes for such people as
Wilkes, but he is preceded here by Bute.
Pitt's gouty foot and crutch symbolize his
illness, and a beggar's pouch and coronet show
his subservience to the King due to his title
and pension. CPPS 4229 LC-USZ62-45403
638
[Britannia] G. B. Cipriani inv. F. Bartolozzi
sculp. [1768]
Etching 9^ x 8 in. (image)
This national figure of strength and beauty,
holding peace and liberty, reflects the Roman
ideal of all Englishmen and the aspirations
expressed in Bollan's book. From Bollan,
Continued Corruption, Standing Annies, and
Popular Discontents Considered (London, 1768),
frontispiece. LC-USZ62-45529
[The products of Nova Scotia—a cartouche]
J. Caldnall sculp. 1768
Etching 8 x 12 in. (image)
A pole supports a sail which has an inscribed
message reading, "To the most Noble John
Manners, Marquis of Granby . . . this map
. . . is most humbly inscribed by . . . John
Montresor, Engineer." Surrounding this dedi-
cation are fish, wheat, rope, an anchor, a
tiller, a small boat, nets, a boat fender, a
float, a gaff, and an English flag. From a map
entitled "A Map of Nova Scotia ... by
Captain Montresor . . . 1768" in Faden,
North American Atlas (London, 1777), no.
6-7.
64O
[America—a cartouche, 1756-82]
Etching 12 x 8 in. (image)
America is a lovely, half-naked Indian wo-
man who sits above a male figure. They are
surrounded by symbols of America: corn, lum-
ber, fish nets, a beaver, a coconut tree, and in
the background is a port with ships at anchor
and merchandise on the shore. Above the
scene, two cherubs lift a quartered crest with
symbols of France and England. This cartouche
is from the famous "A Map of the British
Colonies in North America . . ." by John
Mitchell. From 1755 to 1782 the map was pub-
lished about 21 times in English, French,
Dutch, and Italian editions. For a discussion
and compilation of the variant editions see the
articles by Walter W. Ristow and Richard W.
Stephenson in A La Carte; Selected Papers on
Maps and Atlases (Washington, 1972) p. 102-
113. Negatives in G&M.
64I
[An allegory of Boston, 1769—a cartouche,
W7illiam Price]
Etching 6^ x 6 in. (image)
This cartouche was printed on previous
editions of this map (see Wheat and Brun, p.
50-53). From "A New Plan of ye Great Town
of Boston in New England in America with the
many Additionall Buildings, & New Streets, to
the Year, 1769" in G&M Vault. Negative in
G&M.


254


71 \dduionalL Buildings, wN ew S treets. to the Y eaY, 176^.


jolt
twftA tffiulJ: SBmi f<r I)»1J™. (-.f HQ,/J,
Rand jtReafiwMt R
Kit flttjlwu/ PiriHtJ tfttij fcity
IcLfi'lunotiLzfi'in fern
,llit/.'tn —
ffantrd -4l> 1>..,„.,,.;,.| „ .T;,;,Jfr„l
AThf O/Jltlabna if it
C/W.U8
njt„n.,/;,rfy/hm tt%
y.Br.,hi<S7m • ,„„,,
C.Jj:.,i;r.<m. /-/',,
\ur,r ll,-rtj,m .
iJttm. '.i.thm ,j,r
XJ-h;,,/, m /-,/»
-LJIoi/l'firi.tm
1 (1 1 1 in' .ft nit\{ j" fti Mill'' Hi 11 11 mif "i 1 ■ • mi mm *
641
255



643
The Ooiiiepcuiiee

N
R U
I O N
Given to Sir Robert Ladkrooke, Knf. William Beckforp, Efq; the
Hon. Thomas Harlev, Efq; and Barlow Trecothick, E<b; RE
SENT ATI VES of the City of London: By their CONSTITUENT
GEN T L E M E N,
WE yonr Conftitnentl, affembled in the Guildhall
of London, fully fenfible of the Value of the
Laws and ConfSitUtiOB, tranfmilted to us by our Anccf-
tor-, and f.rmly relolved to prefcrve this Inheritance en-
tire, as we have received it, think it our indifpenfible
Duty at this Time, as well as our undoubted Right to
irdituct yeu.our Rcpicfentativts in Parliament, as ft How j;
I. We recommend, that you ex-'it your utmofl Endea-
vours, that the Proceedings in the Cafe of Libels, and all
other Criminal Matters, may he confined to the known
Rules of Law, and not rendered dangerous to the Sub-
ject, bv forced Construction, new Modes of Enrjuiry,
UDCOOnittltiooal Tribunal?, or new and ur.tilual Punifh-
mentr, tendin" to take away or diminilh the Benefit of
T.-ya! by Juries.
JI. That you carefully watch over the treat Bulwark
cf our Liberties, the Habeas Corpus Act; and that you
■Miquire into, and Cenfore any Attempt totludc, orener-
IH. 'i hat you preserve equally inviolate the Privilege
of Parliament, and the Rights of the F.Ieclorj in tiie
IV. That) oa do not difcouragc Petition?, by fclefting
fu'h Parts thereof zs may tcnu not to relieve, but to
iriminate the Petitioner, fo as to prevent all Approach
to ;vur Iloufe, by which means the mod cflVmial Article
< i the Declaration 0.* Rights may be eiuded, or rendered
V. Thai you Endeavonr to prevcntall Applications of
the public Money to influence Elections ot Members to
V I. Thai you give no Countenance to the dangerous
Doctrine of contlruftive Trcafons, or to the Application
1 f doubtful or uncertain Laws to this interfiling Object,
nor fuller Ministers to be invelled with a vague and dif-
< rett'ooary Power of judging on, or profecuting this Of-
fence, ;.nd that you will vigoroufly oppofe any Mcafuies
lending to introduce Modes and Ciicumflanccs of Tryal,
which may render it difficult or impcffible for the Paity
accafed to obtain full and equal 'uftice.
\ :'. That you will, as the keprefentatives of this
great commercial City, be particularly attentive to the
Intel eft of the Manufacturer, and the Trade of this King- 1
driai in all Parts of the World, and more especially in the .
Br»V:fli American Colonies, the only profitable Trade this
K ugdoin enjoys unrivaitd by other Nations; for which ]
Purj -.'>. we ricommend your utmoft Endeavours to lecc-n-
cile the unhappy Differences fubfil'ting between the Mo-
ther Country and the Colonies the Fatal E/Tcetl of which
have, in part been, feverely felt by the Manufacturer,
and the commercial Part ot this Kingdom.
VIII. That you will, at this Tine particularly, attend
to the Prefervation of public Faith, the fole Foundation
of public Credit; and that you do not, upon any Pre-
tence of public Good whatsoever, concur in any Mea«
furc that lhall tend to weaken or dcltroy thai Faith.
IX. 1 hat you ule your utmolt F.ndeavours that the
Civil Magdlracy of this Kingdom be put on a refpeftablc
Footing, and thereby remove the Pretence ot calling in
a Military Force, and preserve thn Nation, from a Cala-
mity which has already been fatal to the Liberties of
every Kingdom round us, and which we at this Day ere
beginning to feel. •
X. That you promote a flri<5t Enquiry into the Ufe
which has lately been made of Military Power, whether
any lintouragement has been given to premature or in-
judicious Military Alacrity, and whether any u.'ijui".!. s>
lures have been taken, to prevent or elude the Coutle of
public j lattice on fuch an Occafion.
XI. That you ufe year belt Endeavouri for having a
Standing Cotnmituc appointed, from Time to Time, to
examine and to irate the public Accounts.
XH. That if any Demand mould come before Par-
liament for Payment of the D-!>.. i f :hc Cvll Liil, m u
will diligently enquire how thole D-.bts have been in-
curred, to the Prejudice of the Subject, and the D gnity
of the Crown.
XIII. That you will promote a Bill for limiting the
Number of Placemen and PenHonrrs in the Hottfe of
Commons, for preventing the Peers of Great Britain
from interfering in Elections for Members of Parliament,
and that an Oath to prevent Bribery and Corruption be
taken not Only by the Electors, but alfo by the Candi-
dates] at the Openinz of the Poll.
XIV. That you ufe your utmi.lt Endeavour- to obtain
an Aft to Shorten the Duration of Parliaments; and
lall'y, we fuomit it to your Conlideration, wheiiiera
Change in the prefent Mode of Election, to that of :1 d-
lot, would not be the moil likely Method of pro. 1:'
a Return of Members on the genuine ana uecoirupt
(Signed) '* CHARLES CLAVET.
Chairman of the Common Hall.
Cin'J',j)l,Fib. 10, 1763.
256


642
The Lord God Omnipotent reigneth. let all the
Earth rejoice! P. Revere [1768]
Line engraving 5% x m-
This plate was engraved about the time the
British troops landed at Boston in September
1768. The title page contains an explanation:
Two Female Figures. The principal [Britannia] richly
decorated, is seated on a Throne with an Imperial Diadem
on her Head, and a Spear in her left Hand. The other
figure [America or Liberty?] exhibits a Virgin with a Civic
Crown, in the utmost Agonies of Distress and Horror.
The Cap of Liberty falling from the Spear of one [America],
and tottering to fall from the other. The Label of one
[Britannia], is saying Collidimur [to collide]; of the other,
Frangimur [to shatter]. Two Ships are represented to
View in a Tempest in the Instant of dashing to Pieces
against one another, and sinking between the Rocks of
Sylla and Caribdis. In the Interim are seen two Arch-
Angels, flying as "on the Wings of the Wind." The Label
of one is, "Shall not the Lord of all the Earth do Right."
The other is, "The Fool" only "hath said in his Heart
there is no God." Above all, in a Glory, is inscribed these
Words, "The Lord God Omnipotent reigneth, let the
F.arth Rejoice!"
From Edes and Gill's North American Almanack
(Boston, 1769), frontispiece. See under Massa-
chusetts Register, 1769. LC-USZ62-45568
643
The Conference. INSTRUCTIONS Given to
Sir Robert Ladbrooke, Knt. William Beck-
ford, Esq; the Right Hon. Thomas Harley,
Esq; and Barlow Trecothick, Esq; REPRE-
SENTATIVES of the City of London: by their
CONSTITUENTS. Guildhall, Feb. 10, 1769.
Etching (hand colored) 5^ x 2YA in-
This broadside is a petition from the people
ot London giving instructions to their repre-
sentatives pictured above. Beckford, a friend
of Pitt and champion of liberty, rebukes Harley
who is subservient to Bute. In the cartoon
Beckford says, "Receive instructions & not
silver." Item VII of the instructions reads:
That you will, as the Representatives of this great com-
mercial City, be particularly attentive to the Interest of
the Manufactures, and the Trade of this Kingdom in all

Parts of the World, and more especially in the British
American Colonies, the only profitable Trade this Kingdom
enjoys unrivaled by other Nations; for which Purpose we
recommend your utmost endeavors to reconcile the un-
happy Differences subsisting between the Mother Country
and the Colonies, the fatal Effects of which have, in part
been, severely felt by the Manufacturer, and the com-
mercial Part of this Kingdom.
CPPS 4269 LC-USZ62-45404
■ Another impression. LJncolored.
644
the patriot, dedicated to the Freeholders of
Middlesex. [1769]
Etching 5 x 9^4 in.
Depicts the struggle for election between
John Wilkes and Henry Luttrell in Middlesex
County. While Wilkes, representing liberty, is
endangered, George III sits on his throne with
a curtain hiding his face. At his feet are many
plans, including one for taxing America. The
verse below reads:
Sons of freedom view this Sketch,
View it too each sordid wretch.
Some oppressions dagger draw,
Others dare corrupt the Law,
Some their Princes heart betray.
Tear his Peoples rights away.
Each considers only self.
Vernal wretches, cursed pelf.
Brandishing corruptions arms,
Hireling Ruffians raise alarms,
Murder in the Devils cause,
Then defy the Nations laws.
Vet free from guilt untouched with blame
Some there are who grasp at fame.
Some there are corruption checks,
Chiefly thee, O Middlesex.
Shall thy labours be in vain?
Shall thy Wilks opprest remain?
No. The British Lion roars.
Bribers, Bravo's, quit our shores.
Still theres hope determind stand:
257



Still support the sinking land:
Future ages then shall join
To bless the year of sixty nine.
CPPS 4284 gives a description of the political
background of this print. P&P lists it as 4284B.
LC-USZ62-4540 5
645
What may be done Abroad. What is doing at
Home. Design'd & Engrav'd for the Political
Register. [April 16, 1769]
Mixed method 3^4 x 4 in. (image) and 3% x
4 in. (image)
On the continent four monarchs divide the
world among themselves. The King of Spain
claims Gibraltar, Jamaica, Carolina, and Cana-
da; the King of France wants England, Scot-
land, and Ireland; Queen Maria Theresa points
to India; the King of Prussia wants North
America and Hanover. Below members of the
Duke of Grafton's administration—the Duke
of Bedford, Lord Mansfield, Viscount Roch-
ford, Viscount Weymouth, and Grafton—han-
dle internal disputes, while George III weeps
at the doorway. Among these disputes is a plan
for "The Reducing of Boston by the Ministry."
The moral of the contrasting pictures is that
while the Ministry schemed at home, foreign
enemies plotted their conquest over the British
Empire. CPPS 4287 LC-USZ62-45406
——■%—■ Another impression. From The Po-
litic til Register, May 1769, opposite p. 257.
646
The HUMBLE PETITION of the FREEHOLDERS of
the County of Middlesex. [May 24, 1769]
Etching 3 x 5^2 in. (image)
This petition protesting evils of the day
charges the King's ministers with corruption
and the abuse of such civil liberties as habeas
corpus, freedom of the press, right to private
property; military power over civil; mob rule;
mismanagement of money; and immorality. It
adds, "The same descretion has been extended
by the same evil counsellors to your Majesty's
dominions in America, and has produced to
our suffering fellow-subjects in that part of the
world, grievances and apprehensions similar to
those of which we complain at home." CPPS
4289 LC-USZ62-45407
647
The City Carriers. [July 5, 1769]
Etching 4 x 7 in. (image)
Officials of the City of London present many
petitions to the King. Samuel Turner, Lord
Mayor of London, and Liberty lead the pro-
cession. They are followed by a mule bearing
a beautiful, naked personification of truth.
Next come William Beckford, Barlow Tre-
cothick, and Robert Ladbroke. Harley is
represented by an effigy on a pole. Among the
many written and spoken grievances is Lad-
broke's, "I feel for the Wrongs of America."
The procession is in front of St. James Palace
where Lord Holland, caricatured as a Fox,
points to a fool's cap. From The London Maga-
zine, 1769, opposite p. 393. CPPS 4296
LC-USZ6 2-45408
648
The ever-memorable Peace-Makers Settling
their Accounts. [July 5, 1769]
Mixed method 6y& x 3^4 in.
The Duke of Bedford, the Earl of Bute, and
Lord Holland (in caricature) sit at table with
plans for West Indies, North America, Manil-
las, and Neg. 150,000. The devil looks on.
holding an inkwell for them. CPPS 4300
LC-USZ6 2-45409
—■ Another impression. In Town and
Country Magazine, December 1769, p. 641.
258





649

The Chevalier D' n producing his Evidence
against certain Persons. [August 12, 1769]
Mixed method 6^ x 4 in. (image)
The Chevalier D'Eon with Dr. Samuel Mus-
grave, John Home Tooke, William Beckford,
and an American Indian attack Bute, Hills-
borough, Holland, the Duke ot Gratton, Bed-
ford, and the Earl of Halifax. This cartoon was
published at a time when D'Eon was expected
to produce startling evidence against members
of the Grafton administration. Thus his allies
were interpreted as opposing the present Min-
istry. Hillsborough, Secretary of State for the
North American Colonies, grovels on the
ground crying, "Arrah by Jesus that D n'd
American will shoot me." Originally from The
Oxford Magazine, 1769, opposite p. 184. This
copy in P&P. CPPS 4308 LC-USZ62-45410
650
The Times. Taken from an Original Character
which appear'd at the Masquerade at Lincoln.
Deer, the 21st. 1769 Publish'd as the Act di-
rects by J. Marks on the pav'd Stones St.
Martin's Lane. 21 December 1769
Mixed method 10 x 12 in.
A man draped in ribbons and scrolls which
list the issues of the times. One ribbon on the
left leg states "NO AMERIC: ST: ACT."
CPPS 4315
Another copy. Publish'd as the Act
directs by W. Holland. LC-USZ62-45425
651
The Machine to go without Asses. Design'd &
Engraved for the Political Register. [1769]
Mixed method 4^ x J^i in.
George III and Britannia ride over Grafton,
Bute, Holland, and the Earl of Mansfield in a
carriage entitled "Magna Charta." The wheels


f'RE back j-ront
"n tlieVedtlHTrorli
Ic&ptfXi* *n tan-cur.
"«3UORES *1UAU0S MACARONIES-/
VbTlf]"*ts J liAIX-PAKE'. /
Sloping - ^ODOTTO AT'.l-lOiSCOl
two TABLES'
••'glJt.Knavr of O.ibJ JC otiier?***'
Wu boxof IVUrDire.wuhihis »oU°
COG JT AMURHUMMJ.
THE HAIR. -r^odS
THE

EXPLAXATIOXof th«. COLOURS
[Wea therco cKYellow.
Cap of Libwty Blue
1 Iftt (>raii^<> .brimnniWrii'iilh/WpBlib'j
Tables <>n Ditto, Iji uhh.
jjockrv*, firft frim St~m$ afuBhle.
Hair.T i flit-side. Sand v,l eft .Brown/
(Viaui^ht .Blue^inin^ .Orange.,
left jC)r*n<<e,] ini HgBlue.
tWaiftcoat,rirtlit.Pk(l;]efl31ue.
Breeches & \ ., , r ,v
stocking. r^,3iw3eft0ran^
Roses* th^irfbtiside^hite.
650




of the carriage are designated "America," "In-
dia," "Ireland," and "Great Britain." From
The Political Register For 1769, facing p. 247.
CPPS4318
Another impression. In P&P, 4 x
6^2 in. (image). LC-USZ62-45424
652
[Britannia frees the dove of peace] January 1,
1770 [Paul Revere]
Woodcut 1}^ x 3^ in.
Britannia opens a bird cage to let a dove fly
out. A town, probably Boston, is in the back-
ground. From the masthead of The Boston
Gazette, and Country Journal beginning with
the issue of January 1, 1770. LC-USZ62-45585
653
Wide o'er the Ocean while Britannia reigns.
Bonnor, del. et sculp. [January 1770]
Mixed method ~]l4 x ^Vi in.
Britannia, led by a soldier (probably Mars)
and Cupid, steps over the crests of Spain and
France to go to the temple. A poem beneath
the picture reads:
Wide o'er the Ocean while Britannia reigns.
She bears no Insult and she dreads no Chains.
And Spanish Pow'r shall mourn her Thunder hurld.
Thro' all it's Insolence in either World.
The English often blamed their colonial
troubles on France's desire for revenge and
Spain's desire for land. From The London Mag-
azine, January 1770, frontispiece.
LC-USZ62-45497
654
[Four coffins of men killed in the Boston
Massacre, March 12, 1770, Paul Revere]
Woodcut. Each coffin is x in.
The four coffins with skulls and crossbones
represent the dead men: Samuel Gray, Samuel
262



Laft Wcdncfilaj N ight dicdp Patrick
Ce2rr, an Inhabitant of this Town,of
the Wound he received in King- Sneer
on the bioody aad execrable Night of
the 5th Inftant He had juri before
It ft nis Home, and upon his coming
into the Street received the fatal Ball
in his Hip which palled out at the
oppofite Side $ this is the fifth Life
that has been facriflced by the Rage
of the Soldiery, but it is feared it wiii
not be the lait, as feveral others are
dangerouily languifliing of their
Wounds. His Remains were at-
tended on Saturday laft from Faneuil-Hall by a
numerous and refpeclabie Train of Mourners, to
the fame Grave, in which thofe who fell by the fame
Hands of Violence were intened the Jail Week. i

263



264


Maverick, James Caldwell, and Crispus At-
tucks. From The Boston Gazette, March 12,
1770. LC-USZ62-45586
[The coffin of Patrick Carr, March 19, 1770]
Woodcut \ l/2 x y% in.
The article which accompanies this woodcut
describes the death of Patrick Carr who was
critically wounded in the Boston Massacre.
From The Boston Gazette, March 19, 1770.
LC-USZ62-45587
655
The Courtiers Assembled, on hearing the News
of the Death of the Rt. Honble. Wm. Beckford
[June 21, 1770]
Etching 3^4 x 6 in.
On the death of William Beckford, Lord
Mayor of London, many courtiers had cause for
joy. Among those pictured are Jeremiah
Dyson, Earl of Sandwich, Mansfield, Fletcher
Norton, Grafton, Weymouth, Bedford, Win-
chelsea, Holland, and Bute. Lord Hillsborough,
Secretary of State for the Colonies, says,
"Arah! the Devil burn me, but he is gone to
Jamaica, to blow our intentions in Boston."
CPPS 4393 LC-USZ62-45426
See also: "The Citizens of London lamenting
the Death of Beckford." [June 21, 1770]
etching 4 x 6}i in. This is a companion piece
showing John Home Tooke, Pitt, Temple
Wilkes, Britannia, and citizens weeping. CPPS
4394
656
Political Electricity; or, An Historical &
Prophetical Print in the Year 1770. [The date
of this copy is penned over to read "1776."
Bute and Wilkes invent. Veridicus & Junius
feet. [1770]
Mixed method 15^ x 22^ in.
Most of the scenes depict political and social
problems in England. One shows Franklin



flying a kite with various petitions on its tail.
The combination of petitions with electricity
seems to produce the idea of Bute as an
electrical generator drawing power from the
royal family and creating a chain of events
throughout the world. The 24th section depicts
Boston resembling London, with the implica-
tion that the hard working citizens in the
foreground will make their city the leader of
the world through honest industry, while
Britain sinks due to political corruption. The
Library of Congress has a negative of this
section (LC-USZ62-1504) and one tor the
entire print (LC-LJSZ6 2-45 564). CPPS 4422
—■ Another copy. A second state of
the plate in which the signature is altered to
read, "Mercurius & Apelles feet."
657
[Masthead for The Massachusetts Spy, Paul
Revere, 1771-84]
Woodcut \$4 x in. (image) y/k x 10 in.
(image)
On the left Liberty sits leaning her right
elbow on a copy of The Massachusetts Spy, and
her left hand holds a staff with a liberty cap
on top. The figure to the right is an allegory on
American commerce in which two cherubs
sort flowers. Lnderneath the picture is the
motto "They Cull The Choices." Both wood-
cuts adorned the masthead of Isaiah Thomas'
The Massachusetts Spy from July 17, 1770,
until he escaped from the British to Worcester
after his edition of April 6, 1775. When Thomas
re-established the paper at Worcester, he used
only the woodcut on the left. On July 7, 1774,
he began using the symbol of the rattlesnake
attacking the griffon as part of the masthead.
The snake is in pieces designated G, SC, NC,
V, M, P, NJ, NY, and NE, and above the
pieces is the motto "Join or Die." A similar
snake device, first used in 1754, was designed
by Benjamin Franklin to promote a united
defense against the French and Indians. See
266




Or, Thomas's Bolion Journal.
. i _ • ,r ■ - - - - - ; -
hou Great LIBERTY infpire our Souls—Andmakc our Lives in thy Poffeffion happy—Or, our Deaths glorious in tht jult Defence
Vol, IV.) THURSDAY^ July 7, 1774.
(Numb. 179


267



Sinclair Hamilton, "The Earliest Device of
the Colonies," The Princeton University Library
Chronicle, X:ii7 (April 1949). AH three
woodcuts are included on one negative.
LC-USZ62-7984
658
[America, 1771]
Etching 3^2 x 3 in. (image)
America is pictured as a half-naked Indian
woman wearing a skirt made of feathers and
holding a bow and quiver. A lizard or alligator
stands behind her and in the background is a
tropical scene. See item 716 for a similar image.
One of four pictures ornamenting the title
page of Andrews, A Collection of Plans of the
Capital Cities . . . (London, 1771).
LC-USZ62-46091
659
[An American Indian points to a map of
America—ornament from a title page] Iacob
Christoph Weyerman inv. et delin. Martin
Gottfried Cophius, sculps. [1772?]
Etching 5 x 4 in. (image)
Part of an elaborate title page which depicts
the four continents personified. From Lotter,
Atlas Novus Sive Tabulae Geographicae (Augs-
burg, 1772?), title page. LC-USZ62-46066
660
[The Four Continents—a cartouche, 1772?]
Etching 6>2 x 15 in.
America pictured as an Indian with feathered
headdress, skirt, and garters. From Lotter,
Atlas Novus Sive Tabulae Geographicae (Augs-
burg, 1772?), no. 1.
—■ Another impression with statement
"Matthaeus Albrecht Lotter Sculpsit Aug.
V." In Lotter, Atlas Geographique (Niirnberg,
1778), no. 3. LC-USZ62-46067
268


661
[An allegory on America during the 1770's—a
cartouche] G. F. Lotter Sculps. [1772?!
Etching 7 x 6^ in. (image)
An Indian offers food to a sleeping lion which
lies amid seafood, a piece of ivory, silver plate,
and what might be a liberty cap. From the
right side an English merchant views the
scene. On a map entitled "America Septen-
trionalis . . . per G. de L'Isle . . ." in Lotter,
Atlas Novus Sive Tabulae Geographicae (Augs-
burg, 1772?), no. 6. LC-USZ62-45596
Another impression. In Lotter,
Atlas Geographique (Nurnberg, 1778), no. 90.
662
Britain, America, at length be Friends, [Janu-
ary 1774]
Mixed method 7^ x 4^2 in.
Britannia with shield and spear takes the
hand of America dressed as an Indian with a
gorget around her neck. Between them stands
Concord holding a globe in her right hand and
an olive branch in her left. In the foreground
at Britannia's feet sit a lion and a lamb, and
at the feet of America lies a cornucopia. In the
background are ships loading at a dock and a
church. Beneath the picture a poem:
Britain, America, at length be Friends,
Accept the terms which Concord, recommends!
Be ye but steady to each others Cause,
Protect, defend, and not infringe the Laws;
Ye may together—come the World in Arms,
Bear the brunt Shock of hostile, dire alarms.
Tis Peace, Trade, Navigation, will support
The poor with bread—in Dignity the Court.
Rush to each others Arms, be firm and true;
One Faith, one Fame, one intrest, makes the
TWO.
E.T.

66/
From The London Magazine, 1774, frontispiece.
LC-USZ62-45498


663
[The oracle representing, Britannia, Hibernia,
Scotia, & America, as assembled to consult the
oracle, on the present situation of public affairs,
time acting as priest. Dedicated to Concord.]
Invt. Drawn & Engrav'd by J. Dixon. Pub-
lished According to Act of Parliament March
30, 1774- .
Mezzotint 20 x 23^ in.
Father Time uses a magic lantern to show a
picture of the triumph of Concord over Discord.
His audience is Britannia, Hibernia, Scotia, and
America (an Indian woman). Prints similar to
this one are listed as items 738, 739, and 851.
CPPS 5225. See also CPPS 5491, 6190.
664
The able Doctor, or America Swallowing the
Bitter Draught. [May 1, 1774]
Mixed method 3^4 x 5^ in. (image)
America, a half-clad Indian woman, is at-
tacked by Mansfield, North (who is pouring the
tea down her throat and has a copy of "Boston
Port Bill" in his pocket), Bute, and the Earl of
Sandwich. A Frenchman and Spaniard look on,
while Britannia weeps. In the foreground a
"Boston Petition" lies torn on the ground, and
in the background the British fleet is bombard-
ing Boston. CPPS 5226 LC-USZ61-77
Another impression. This cartoon
originally appeared to illustrate a text describ-
ing the debate on the Boston Port Bill. A re-
taliation for the Boston Tea Party, the bill was
passed on March 31, 1774. No bombardment
occurred at this time, but with Gage closing
the port, military force was imminent. From
The London Magazine, April 1774, p. 184.
A reverse copy. In The Hibernian
Magazine, May 1774, p. 251.
—■—■ Another copy. Signed "P. Revere
Sculp" published in The Royal American Mag-
azine, June 1774. LC-USZ62-39592


665
The Whitehall Pump. [May i, 1774]
Mixed method 6yi x 4^ in.
The tea torture in item 664 is echoed in this
print. Lord North pumps water from a fountain
into the mouth of Britannia lying on top of
America, represented as an Indian. The foun-
tain is surmounted with the head of George III,
and ministers such as Apsley, Mansfield, Sand-
wich, Bute, and Holland (with fox's head) ap-
prove the action, while Wilkes and Camden (?)
protest. The Ministry is using the King's re-
sources to torture England as well as America.
This copy in P&P is originally from The West-
minster Magazine, 1774, opposite p. 168. CPPS
5227 LC-USZ62-45371
666
The Mitred Minuet. [May 1, 1774]
Line engraving 6yi x 2/4 m- (image)
Four bishops cross hands over a copy of the
Quebec Bill. Three ministers, two of whom are
Bute and North, and the devil stand by smil-
ing. In England as well as America the Quebec
Act (May 20, 1774) was viewed with suspicion.
Englishmen feared that the Anglican Church
and the North administration were leaning
toward reconciliation with the Roman Catholic
Church. In the Colonies the acceptance of
Catholicism for French Canadians and the
land concessions in the interior revived the
antagonisms of the French and Indian War.
Stauffer, 2688. CPPS 5228 LC-USZ62-45376
— Another impression. In The London
Magazine, July 1774, p. 312.
Another copy. In The Hibernian
Magazine, August 1774, p. 416.
——— Another copy by Paul Revere. In
The Royal American Magazine, October 1774.
667
A Political Lesson. J. Dixon invenit et fecit.

271



699


Published 7 Sepr. 1774. [Printed for John
Bowles, at No 13 in Cornhill.]
Mezzotint 9^ x 14 in.
A rider representing England falls off a horse
on the road between Boston and Salem. He
has broken a milestone with his head; the
stone reads "to Boston VI Miles." At this
time the port ot Boston was closed, and Salem
was the nearest port. CPPS 5230
LC-USZ62-45380
668
A New Method of Macarony Making, as
practised at Boston. [Printed for Carington
Bowles, No. 69 in St. Pauls Church Yard,
London. Published 12 Octr 1774.]
Mezzotint 9^ x 12^ in. (image)
Depicts two Bostonians preparing to pour
tea down the throat of a customs officer who
has been tarred and feathered. A gallows
stands in the background. Probably refers to a
riot in Boston involving John Malcom who
was tarred and feathered and threatened with
hanging. See CPPS 5232 for a description of a
miniature version of this print.
LC-USZ62-45386
669
[Tarring and feathering, 177?]
Mezzotint 10 x 12^ in.
Possibly another version of the John Malcom
incident. See CPPS 5232 for possible con-
nection. LC-USZ62-45390
670
The Bostonian's Paying the Excise-man, or
Tarring & Feathering [Dawe?] London
Printed for Robt. Sayer & J. Bennett, Map &
Printseller No. 53, Fleet Street as the Act
directs 31 Octr. 1774
Mezzotint 14 x 9^2 in.
Another version of the John Malcom inci-

273



dent. Five Bostonians pour tea down the throat
of a tarred and feathered excise man. In the
background tea is poured from a ship, the
Liberty Tree has a noose hanging from a
branch, and a sign reading "stamp act" hangs
upside down. Probably by Philip Dawe. See
R. T. H. Halsey, The Boston Port Bill as
Pictured by a Contemporary London Cartoonist
(New York, 1904) for a full study of this
cartoon and others by Dawe, who was a pupil
of Hogarth. CPPS 5232 LC-USZ62-9487
671
The Dissolution of P t. [November 1,
1774]
Mixed method 7^2 x 4 in. (image)
Parliament was dissolved on September 30,
1774. This scene shows MP's in a carriage
driving past a building which commemorates
Wilkes. Scattered on the ground are documents
which contributed to the dissolution: "In-
closures," "Generall Warrants," "Quebec"
[Act], and the "Boston Port Bill." North
prematurely closed the session ("the most
fateful in the history of the British Parliament"
according to Namier and Brooke in History of
Parliament, v. 1, p. 73) because his ministry
had recently passed acts coercing the Boston-
ians while mollifying the Canadians, and "it
was better for the Government to face the
next stage of the American dispute with a new
Parliament, rather than be caught by it in the
middle of preparations for a general election."
(ibid., p. 74) The next entry and items 675
and 676 deal with this event. CPPS 5236
LC-USZ62-45427
Another impression. In The London
Magazine, November 1774, opposite p. 464.
67a
The Parlmt. dissolved, or, The Devil turn'd
Fortune Teller. Design'd & Engrav'd by
G. Terry, Paternoster Row. [1774?]
Mixed method 9^ x in. (image)
The Devil conjures up an American Indian
who steps on the neck of a British soldier and
taps a model of the Parliament building
causing bodies to fall out. Lord North and
another minister look on in horror. This
274



275



cartoon predicts the consequences of North's
dissolution. The King and North were de-
termined to hold their American policy at
this point, and the colonists had to accept it
or fight. CPPS 5238 LC-USZ62-45428
673
The Bostoxiaxs in Distress. London. Printed
for R. Sayer and J. Bennett. Map & Print-
sellers, No. 53 Fleet Street, as the Act directs,
19 Novr. 1774
Mezzotint 14 x 9^ in.
Ten Bostonians trapped in a cage hanging
from the Liberty Tree exchange fish and
promises with three British seamen. Cages like
this were used for punishing slaves. In the
foreground the British troops and cannons
guard the caged colonists. At that time Boston
had been closed by the Boston Port Bill.
Probably by Philip Dawe. CPPS 5241
LC USZ62-11139
Another copy reversed.
674
Plymouth MDCXX [a cartouche celebrating
the landing of the Pilgrims] November 29th.
1774. Published according to Act by Thos.
Jefferys Geographer to His Royal Highness
the Prince of Wales near Charing Cross.
Mixed method %]A. x \ in. (image)
A group of four Englishmen, a woman, and
two boys are ushered into the New World by
a goddess who carries a liberty cap on top of a
staff. This picture is from a map entitled
"A Map of the most Inhabited part of New
England containing the Provinces of Massa-
chusetts Bay and New Hampshire, with the
Colonies of Connecticut and Rhode Island,
divided into Counties and Townships . . . ."
From Thomas Jefferys, The American Atlas
(London, 1775), no. 15-16. This cartouche
also appears in the editions for 1776, 1778, and
1782. Negative in G&M.




674
Another copy (reversed). In Le
Rouge, Atlas Ameriquain Septentrional (Paris,
1778-92), no. 10.
— ——Another impression. In Faden,
North American Atlas (London, 1777), no. 8-9.
Another impression. In Jefferys, A
General Topography of North America (London,
1768), no. 29.
Another copy "published by Tobias
Conrad Lotter, in Augsburg." In Lotter,
Atlas Geographique (Nurnberg, 1778), no. 101.
. 675
The Colossus of the North; or The Striding
Boreas. [December 1, 1774]
Mixed method 6^4 x 5 in.
Lord North astride a stream full of members
of Parliament flowing from Westminster. He
holds papers reading "Lottery Tickets," "Pen-
sions," and "Places" in one hand and a burning
torch labelled "America" in the other. Wilkes
and Britannia try to "Stem the Stream." The
radical elements interpreted North's dissolution
as an attempt to secure more members and thus
strengthen the King's hold on Parliament.
This intention is doubtful. North must have
known that Wilkes' popularity was increasing,
and although the radicals gained members,
they never had enough votes to defeat all of
North's policies. This cartoon expresses the
hope that Wilkes, a man of the people, will
change the course ot the stream. CPPS 5242
LC-USZ62-34869
Another impression (hand colored).
■——-—Another impression. In The London
Magazine, November 1774, opposite p. 520
(folding plate).
—■ ■—■—Another copy. In The Hibernian
Magazine, December 1774.
676
The Council of the Rulers, & the Elders against
the Tribe of ye Americanites. Sold by W. Gill-
man Rochester. [January 1, 1775]
Etching 4 x 5^-4 in.
After the election of 1774, Wilkes returned
to Parliament with no trouble and with more
supporters from Middlesex. He points at Lord
North who is slipping bank notes into the
pockets ot an MP. In the background members
argue around a table, and on the wall a map
277



27 8


of America bursts into flames. CPPS 5281
LC-USZ61-79
677
America in flames. [December 1, 1774]
Woodcut 5^ x y/i in.
America is pictured as an old lady seated on
flames. Bute blows a bellows designated "Que-
bec Bill," and Mansfield works a bellows
marked "Masachusets Bay." The Devil and
Lord North look on. At the bottom four
patriots, possibly including Wilkes and John
Home Tooke, try to extinguish the flame.
The same letter of explanation accompanies
the two copies of this picture in The Town and
Country Magazine and The Hibernian Maga-
zine:
Sir,
I have sent the inclosed drawing, which you may lay
before your readers in a wooden block, as it will lead to
point out the chief actors in the American tragedy which
is upon the point of being represented in that quarter of
the globe. The three most elevated characters consist of
a well known trio, who constantly act in conjunction,
and may be considered as the first movers of the late
American acts that have given the Bostonians and the
other colonists so much disquietude. The gentleman on
the right hand side with his glass, and one of the bills in
his hand [Boston Port Bill], is considered as the ostensible
agent of the trio. America is represented under the figure
of a venerable lady, whose critical situation requires the
aid and assistance of all the patriotic band, who are exerting
their utmost endeavor, to quench the flames that threaten
the existence of our colonies, for little more than the
demolition of an old tea-pot. In the patriotic group are
some well known faces, that may be often seen in and
near the Mansion-house, and among the members of the
society of the Bill of Rights. How far their endeavors
may prove successful, time only can determine, as we see
the chief engines on the opposite side keep in constant
play to blow the flames of discord.
As an impartial by-stander, I have endeavoured to
represent the conduct of both parties, leaving your readers
to determine upon the rectitude of their measures.
From The Town and Country Magazine■, Decem-
ber 1774, p. 659. CPPS 5282 LC-USZ62-34864
Another copy. 5^ x in. From
The Hibernian Magazine, January 1775, p.
52-53-
678
When fell Debate & civil Wars shall cease.
[January 1775]
Mixed method x 4^ in.
Peace descends on a cloud from the "Temple
of Commerce" and is joined by America and
Britannia. The verse below reads:
When fell Debate & civil Wars shall cease,
Commerce shall spread her Sails o'er all the
Seas.
England unrivall'd in the liberal Arts,
Shall bear her Genius to remotest Parts,
fake to thy Breast, America again,
Thou may'st defy imperious France & spain.
From The London Magazine, 1775, frontispiece.
CPPS 5283 LC-USZ62-45499
679
The Patriotick Barber of New York, or the
Captain in the Suds. [Dawe?] London, Printed
for R. Sayer, and J. Bennett, No. 53 Fleet
Street, as the Act directs 14 Feb. 1775.
Mezzotint 12^4 x 9^ in.
The scene is a New York barbershop where
Jacob Vredenburgh refused to finish shaving
an English seaman when the latter's identity
was revealed as Capt. John Crozer. The London
cartoonist portrayed a patriotic barber's shop
with prints of Pitt and Camden, both favored
for their resistance to the Stamp Act, on the
wall. The names of prominent patriots on wig
boxes list regular customers: Cornelius Low,
Abraham Livingston, Alexander McDougall
(the American Wilkes), John Lamb, Isaac
Sears, John Blagge, William Lugg, Antony
Griffiths, Francis Van-Dyke, Broome, Jacobus
Van Zandt, and Welle (Walter) Franklin. A
verse below the title exhorts other patriots to
follow the barber's example.
Then Patriot grand maintain thy stand,
And whilst thou sav'st America's Land,
Preserve the Golden Rule;
Forbid the Captain there to roam,
Half shave them first, then send'em home
Objects of ridicule.



28o


See Halsey, The Boston Port Bill (New York,
1904), p. 217-222. CPPS 5284
LC-USZ62-17658
680
The Alternative of Williams-Burg
[Dawe?] London. Printed for R. Sayer, & J.
Bennett, No. 53 Fleet Street, as the Act directs,
16 Feb. 1775.
Mezzotint 10 x 12^4 in.
In Virginia the Sons of Liberty forced loyal-
ists to sign either the Associations or the Reso-
lutions of the Williamsburg Convention of
1774. The patriots ran up a barrel of tar and
a sack of feathers on a gibbet, and the threat
produced many signatures. To the left a loyalist
is dragged toward the gibbet in the background.
A statue of Lord Botetourt, the former gov-
ernor, overlooks the scene of threatened vio-
lence. In this print the colonists are writing on
a barrel marked, "Tobacco, A Present For
John Wilkes Esqr. Lord Mayor of London."
CPPS 5284, PI. IV LC-USZ62-9488
A Society of Patriotic Ladies, at Edenton
in North Carolina. [Dawe?] London. Printed
for R. Sayer & J. Bennett, No. 53 Fleet Street,
as the Act directs 25 March 1775.
Mezzotint 13^ x 10 in.
North Carolina ladies sign an agreement not
to drink tea. The document reads:
We the Ladys of Edenton do hereby Solemnly Engage
not to Conform to that Pernicious Custom of Drinking
Tea, or that we the aforesaid Ladys will not promote ye
wear of any Manufacture from England untill such time
that all Acts which tend to Enslave this our Xative
Country shall be Repealed.
CPPS 5284, PI. V LC-USZ62-12711
The Thistle Reel. [March 1, 1775]
Etching 6^4 x 4^4 in. (image)


2
4- ..«? yMXs you, ih/th rrnmu rrruorwu fen my Udo 9.

683
The cartoon attacks British policy in
America as inspired by Bute, Mansfield, North,
and other Scottish influences. The devil plays a
bagpipe. Mansfield holds a copy of the Quebec
Bill, while they all dance a reel. CPPS 5285
LC-USZ62-45429
—■—— Another impression. In The London
Magazine', February 1775, p. 56.
Virtual Representation. 1775. April 1.
1775 Price 6d.
Mixed method 6}4 x nyi in. (image)
Lord Bute aims a blunderbuss at a stout
American who threatens him with a club and
says, "I will not be Robbed." An English
sailor supports the American saying, "I shall
be wounded with you," and Britannia blind-
folded steps towards a hole designated "The
Pit Prepared for Others." A Frenchman and a
Catholic priest look on. In the background,
"The French Roman Catholick Town of
Quebeck" stands serenely above the water,
and on the right side, "The English Protestant
Town of Boston" is enveloped in flames. The
irony of favoring Quebec over Boston prompted
this cartoon which accuses Bute of allying
281



282


himself with France. CPPS 5286
LC-USZ62-1522
684
The Scotch Butchery, Boston, 1775. Pubsd:
According to Act of Parlnt 1775
Etching 63^ x 12 in. (image)
While British ships under the ensign of a
thistle bombard Boston, Bute, Mansfield,
Simon Fraser, and Alexander Wedderburn
direct Scottish soldiers to attack. English
soldiers, struck with horror, drop their arms.
CPPS 5287 LC-USZ62-1512
685
The Political Cartoon, for the Year 1775.
[May 1, 1775!
Mixed method 7 x 4^8 in. (image)
Mansfield drives an open coach carrying
George III and Lord Bute toward a ravine. A
group of Scotsmen make plans at a table, and
a group of fat Anglican clergymen, North
among them, looks on with approval. A member
of Parliament offers bribes to a crowd, while
Chatham and Camden try in vain to stop the
coach. America, pictured as a city across the
sea, burns. This cartoon from P&P was
originally from The Westminster Magazine,
May 1775, opposite p. 209. CPPS 5288
LC-USZ6 2-12302
686
[An Indian Bows to Europe] R. R. inv & feet
[1775]
Etching 5^ x 3% in. (image)
A kneeling Indian presents a map of his
lands to Europe. At her feet a cherub plays,
and Neptune sits between two jugs, one marked
Mississippi, pouring water into the ocean.
From Romans, A Concise Natural History of
East and West Florida (New York, 1775),
frontispiece. StaufTer, 2734. LC-USZ62-45536

283


687
[Harmony Weeps for the Present Situation of
American Affairs.] Tsc. Taylor sc. J. C. invt.
[1775]
Mixed method 2^ x 3^ in. (image)
The goddess Harmony leans on an urn
weeping. A ribbon draped on the pedestal
reads, "hinc illae lachrymae." From William
Smith, Sermon on the Present Situation of
American Affairs (London, 1775), title page.
LC-USZ6 2-45 533
688
[Liberty Conquers Tyranny] Isaac Taylor del
et sculp. [1775]
Etching ij4> x 4^ in. (image)
Liberty leans on a pillar with her right
foot on the neck of a man whose crown and
chain is lying beside him on the ground.
From William Smith, Sermon on the Present
Situation of American Affairs (London, 1775),
p. 32, tailpiece. LC-USZ62-45534

689
[A fox in preacher's clothes—a caricature of
John Wesley 1775]
Woodcut ^4 x in. (image)
In his early years, John Wesley (1703-1791)
would have sympathized with the dissenters
and the colonists—he spent almost two years
(1735-36) as a missionary in Georgia. In
1775, however, he published A Calm Address
to our American Colonies which stated that
taxation was not tyranny. Wesley had become
content to settle into quieter preaching and the
protection of the Toleration Act. The clash
between Wesley and Toplady began in 1758
over the latter's extreme Calvinism. In the
work in which this caricature appears, Toplady
accused Wesley of plagiarizing from Samuel
Johnson's Taxation No Tyranny (1775). From
Toplady, An Old Fox Tarrd and Feather d
(London, 1775), title page. LC-USZ62-50392
690
A Map of the Present Seat of War on the Bor-
ders of Canada [Cartouche] Aitken Sculp
[1775]
Mixed method 3 x 4^2 in. (image)
An Indian and a frontiersman stand beside
the title. On top a cherub sits with staff and
liberty cap amid implements of war. In the
foreground is a beaver. From The Pennsyl-
vania Magazine: or, American Monthly
Museum, 1775, opposite p. 463.
691
[Frontispiece for The Pennsylvania Magazine]
P.E.D. inv. & delin. R. Aitken. Sculp. [1775]
Mixed method 3>4 x 4^ in. (image)
The goddess America sits on the ground with
284


a shield bearing the emblem of the Penn
family and a staff with liberty cap on top.
Surrounding her are implements of war. The
artist used the Greek goddess figure, which
often represented America, but portrayed her
in a contemporary style. This print was de-
signed by Pierre Eugene Du Simitiere and
found on the title page of The Pennsylvania
Magazine: or, American Monthly Museum,
1775. Stauffer, 10. LC-USZ62-45557
692
The congress or The necessary politicians.
[1775?]
Etching 8 x G}4 in.
Two men in a privy or "necessary house."
One sits reading a book entitled "Answer to a
Pfamphlet Entitled Taxation [No] Tirfanny],"
and the other wipes himself with paper from
"Resolutions] of the [C]ongress." This cartoon
shows that Englishmen had great interest in
American affairs, although some did not
think highly of the statements of the colonists.
On the wall are a partial portrait of John
Wilkes and a picture of a man tarred and
feathered. When the colonists chastised John
Malcom with tar and feathers, they sym-
bolically chastised Pitt's government. CPPS
5297 LC-USZ62-1511
693
Der Siegende Engelander und der Streitende
Americaner Welches sich den 19. Sept: Anno.
1777, zugetragen das General Howe die
Americaner unter Wasshington ganzlich gesch-
lagen habe der Verlust wird aus 600, Tode
und blessirte und 200, Krigs-Gefangene ges-
chazet. |.M.P. sc. T-M. Probst exc. A.P.
[177?]
Line engraving 6% x 11 in.
This battle scene is more an allegory than a
depiction of a particular event. In the fore-
ground, a white man, probably Gen. William



286


Howe but maybe General Washington, shows
the battle of Philadelphia to dark-skinned
natives who represent America. In the back-
ground a furious sea battle rages, and to the
left cannon balls are lobbed into a fortress with
crenellated walls. Howe's campaign lasted
from July to December 1777. Since no specific
date in the campaign correlated with the action
shown here, the portrayal is probably imag-
inary, representing either the British occupa-
tion of Philadelphia on the 26th of September
or the fall of Forts Mifflin or Mercer between
the 15th and 21st of November.
LC-USZ62-5219
694
[An allegory on New York—a cartouche]
London, Publishd according to Act of Parlia-
ment, J any 12, 1776: by Jefferys & Faden,
Corner of St. Martins Lane Charing Cross.
Etching 8>2 x 6^ in. (image)
The cartouche is entitled "Plan of the City
of New York in North America: Surveyed in
the Years 1766 & 1767." From Faden, North
American Atlas (London, 1777), no. 20-21.
LC-USZ62-45597. See also item 549.
695
The Wise Men of Gotham and their Goose.
Pubd. 16th. Feby. 1776, by W. Humphrey,
Gerrard Street Soho.
Mezzotint 10 x 13 in. (image)
Bute and other ministers slaughter the goose
(the American Colonies) that laid the golden
egg. A dog urinates on a map of North America
in the foreground, and in the background is a
picture of the British lion asleep. A poem in
the two upper corners:
In Gotham once the Story goes
A lot of Wise-acres arose
Skill'd. in the great Politic Wheel
Could pound a Magpie, drown an Eel,
With many Things of worthy Note
At present much too long to quote,
Their district was both far and wide

287



Which not a little swelld their Pride
But above all that they possess'd
Was a fine Goose, by all confess'd,
A Rara Avis to behold
Who laid each Day an Egg of Gold
This made them grow immensely rich
Gave them an avaritious Itch,
The Case belongs to many more
They not contented with their Store
Would Methods vague and strange pursue
To make the Harmless Bird lay Two,
This Glorious purpose to obtain
About her Neck they put a Chain,
And more their Folly to compleat
They Stampt upon her Wings and Feet,
But this had no Effect at all,
Yet made her struggle, flutter, squall,
And do what every Goose would do
That had her Liberty in view,
When one of more distinguish Note
Cry'd D n her, let us Cut her Throat,
They did, but not an Egg was found
But Blood come pouring from ye Wound.
CPPS Vol. 5 p. 216 LC-USZ62-1514
696
The State Blacksmiths Forging fetters for
the xAmericans. Published according to Act of
Parliament 1st March 1776. Engrav'd for the
General Magazine.
Mixed method x 4^ in.
North, Bute, Sandwich, Mansfield, and other
ministers work in a blacksmith's shop, while
George III smiles his approval through an
open window to the left. North's Ministry-
had blockaded ports and seized American
shipping in recent months, and the cartoonist
depicted a confident English Government busy
making the tools to enslave the Americans.
This print originally appeared in The General
Magazine in 1776; it was inserted into LC's
copy of Clarke, An Impartial and Authentic
Narrative of the Battle . . . on Bunker s Hill . . .
in New England (London, 1775), frontispiece.
CPPS 5328 LC-USZ62-45532
697
Bunkers Hill or America's Head Dress.
Pubd. April 19 by M. Darly 39 Strand. [1776]
Etching 9^ x 7 in.
288



Within a huge coiffure, the battle of Bunker
Hill rages with ships, tents, infantry, and flags.
This cartoon simultaneously ridicules a con-
temporary fashion in vogue with the London
ladies and the English attempts to coerce the
colonists. By placing the battle within a
hairpiece, the cartoonist belittles the military
efforts at the battle fought on June 17, 1775.
A companion print in the British Museum
shows the British evacuation of Boston on
March 17, 1776 (CPPS 5335). These two car-
toons probably were issued at the same time.
They reflected popular sentiment that England
was not doing enough to control the rebellion.
For a similar cartoon cf. item 701. CPPS
5330 LC-USZ62-54
698
The Blessed Effects of Venality. Pubd. as
ye Act directs, May 1, 1776.
Mixed method 4^ x in.
An English statesman chops at a bench with
three legs marked "Commons," "Privy Coun-
cil," and "Lords." To the left Britannia sits
exhausted with her shield resting and staff
with liberty cap drooping. In the foreground are
caricatures "of a Dutchman, a Spaniard, and a
Frenchman. The absence of America is ex-
plained by the article on the next page.
The increase of taxes, the decline of trade, and Britain's
present distressing situation is chiefly to be imputed to that
diabolical corruption, which bids fair for the ruin of our
lately nourishing empire, and the aggrandizement of the
proud Spaniard, the ambitious Frenchman, and the
avaritious Dutchman. The present contest between
ministry and America, affords them fine sport, and rather
than parliamentary corruption should decline, they would
each furnish some purses to support it.
From The London Magazine, April 1776, p.
171. CPPS 5333 LC-USZ62-45430
699
[An allegory on the British Empire in North
America—a cartouche] By Samuel Dunn . . .



700
from the Surveys of Capt. Carver. London.
Published for R. Sayer & J. Bennett, Map and
Sea Chartsellers, No. 53, Fleet Street, as the
Act directs Augst. 17th. 1776.
Etching x 5 'n- (image)
A crown hanging over a forest scene with
packages and a gourd, representing commerce
and agriculture, symbolizes the rule of the King
of England over North America. From "A
Map of the British Empire in North America"
in Jefferys, The American Atlas (London, 1776),
no. 8. This cartouche also appears in the 1778
and 1782 editions.
Another impression. In Samuel
Dunn, A New Atlas of the Mundane System
(London, 1778-183]), no. 40. LC-USZ62-46085
700
The Parricide. A Sketch of Modern Patriotism.
[May 1, 1776]
Mixed method 3^ x 6y& in.
America dressed as an Indian woman pro-
ceeds to stab a half-clothed Britannia who is
also attacked by the British lion. Wilkes directs
America, while Camden guides the lion. The
Duke of Grafton and George Hayley hold
Britannia, and Charles James Fox, the Earl of
Chatham, and other patriots watch the killing.
To the far left a figure of Discord with hydra
hair raises two torches in victory. One of the
earliest vicious satires, it lacks the humor
found in most British cartoons of the time.
This cartoon is a frontispiece for an article
which shows a reaction against those ministers
who supported America. As the war became
longer and deadlier, more cartoons were issued
in a spirit of anger. This print in P&P was
originally from The Westminster Magazine^
1776, p. 216-219. CPPS 5334
LC-LSZ62-34868
Another impression (cropped at
top).
290


yoi
Miss Carolina Sulivan- one of the obstinate
daughters of America 1776 Pub Sepr 1: 1776
by Mary Darly 39 Strand.
Etching 9^ x 7 in.
A young woman, with a nose resembling
William Pitt's, wears a huge wig which has
cannons, fortifications, flags, tents, and a gal-
lows protruding from it. A large cannon, in-
scribed, "To Peter Pop Gun P t, "shoots balls
designated red and hot. The cartoonist ridicules
contemporary fashions and the defeat of the
British at Sullivan's Island in South Carolina
on June 28, 1776. Cf. item 697. By drawing
Miss Carolina Sullivan to resemble Pitt, she
uses the theme of America as a misdirected
daughter who now hangs tax collectors, makes
military preparations, and fires cannons in
defiance of England. LC-USZ62-46309
702
Take Your Choice. Publish'd by I. Almon
in Picadilly, Octr. 14: 1776 as the Act Directs.
Etching 6yi x 9^ in. (image)
Alternative leviathans presented in the form
of two pyramids. The first is solid, surrounded
by a fortified wall, built on "Natural and Civil
Liberty" of the people who support the crown
through "Representation Equal & Annual."
Beneath this pyramid is a quotation from
Blackstone, "It is this ascending & contracting
proportion that adds stability to any govern-
ment &c." The other pyramid is built in a
flimsy manner around a single central pillar
designated "Despotism." From the crown on
top four wires support two platforms. The
wires are designated "Places and Pensions,"
"Douceurs," "Expectation," and "Influence."
The top platform, "Little Theatre Royal,"
has a pair of dice and a shaker with a prince's
crown on top. There is also a bishop, designated
"Quebec," who bows to a hand offering him
three crowns (a tiara). The other platform,


291



703
"Great Theatre Royal," supports four crumb-
ling pillars marked "Wisdom," "Virtue," "Val-
our," and "Services." On one extreme of the
platform a figure wearing the star of the garter,
probably North, holds a liberty cap atop a
pole, and at the other side Henry Luttrell
holds a scale in which 296 outweighs 1,143.
These figures allude to his displacement of
Wilkes in the Westminster election. From the
pillar Lord Bute bows to the King, and an arm
presents a scroll listing "Boston Port Act" and
"Massachusetts Fishery Act." The base of the
pillar is the "Army" with figures representing
justice, Christianity, and war leaning against
it in a despondent manner. Four crumbling
pillars once supported the above platform—
"Cinque Ports" and "Buroughs" are already
broken while "Counties" and "Opinion" are
badly deteriorated. The entire structure rests
on "Regal Property." LC-USZ62-46310
703
[News from America, or the Patriots in the
Dumps. Nov. 1776.]
Mixed method x 4^ in.
North and Mansfield show a letter from the
victorious General Howe. Bute, George III,
Sandwich, and probably Germain are pleased,
and a group of commoners led by Wilkes
scowl. A tawdry, bare-breasted woman with a
liberty cap on a stafF falls down weeping.
Howe's dispatch announcing the British victory
at Long Island was published in London on
October 10, 1776. CPPS 5340 LC-USZ61-80
Another impression. In The London
Magazine, November 1776, p. 599.
704
Protestants, remember the Massacre of St.
Bartholemews in Paris, & the burning of
Martyrs in Smithfield. [1776]
Etching 5% x 3^ in. (image)
A minister of state, possibly Mansfield but
2g2


more fittingly Dartmouth, hands the Quebec
Act to a kneeling bishop. Behind the minister
stands George III with a crown suspended
over his head, and behind him stands Bute.
Other gentlemen and bishops are not identified,
and in the far background a town burns,
while a man falls from a flaming building. The
message below the picture exhorts Protestants
to remember the slaughter of Huguenots at
Paris in 1572 and the executions in Smithfield,
England, during the Reformation and Counter-
reformation. This cartoon warns Protestants
that by legitimizing Catholicism in Canada,
the English Government was empowering the
Catholics to persecute their countrymen and
fellow Protestants. Numbers designate the
main characters, but no explanation is given in
the book for which it is a frontispiece. This
cartoon might not be the original frontispiece
for the book. From The Rise, Progress, and
Present State of the Dispute between the People
of America and the Administration (London,
1776), frontispiece. LC-USZ62-45531
-05
[America pois'd in the balance of justice 1776]
Mixed method 8 x G}4 in.
An "elegiace frontispiece" shows two
despondent women on a cliff, while in the
background a fleet sails by a burning town.
Mercury and another god, probably Abundance
since he carries a cornucopia, fly away. The
identity of Britannia or America is unclear in
this print. Below the cliff a single ship emerges
with the word "Burn" written beside it. The
print shows the belligerents in despair, while
the gods of fortune leave the scene of warfare.
From P-oplicola H-istoricus, America pois'd in
the Balance of Justice (London, 1776), frontis-
piece. A "reconciliatory Tail-Piece" on p. 37
shows birds flying peacefully in a quiet and
beautiful land. LC-USZ62-45530


706

[A Patriot and a Tory wrestle tor a pine tree
flag—a cartouche] G.F.J. Frentzel Sculps:
1776
Mixed method 7 x 4^ in. (image)
The patriot holds a banner with a pine tree
on it and a liberty cap on top. With a knife
he lunges at a Tory who tries to grab the
banner with his left hand while parrying a
banner with the English lion in his right.
Behind the two men a plow and fasces lay
idle. From a map entitled "Carte von dem
Hafen und der Stadt Boston mit den um
liegenden Gegenden und den Lagernsowohl
der Americaner als such der Fnglander von
dem Cheval de Beaurin nach dem Pariser
Original von 1776" in G&M Vault.
707
[A Patriot and a Tory wrestle for a pine tree
flag while an Indian watches—a cartouche]
Patas Sculp. 1776
Mixed method 7 x dyi in. (image)
This cartouche is similar to item 706 with
the addition of an anxious Indian watching
the struggle from behind an anchor and oar.
Today's scholar can see an allegorical message
that was not intended by the artist—the one
group who lost from the Revolution was the
American Indian. From a map entitled "Carte
du Port et Havre de Boston avec les Cotes
adjacentes, dans laquel on a tracee les Camps
et les Retranchemens occupe, tant par les
Anglois que par les Americains Dediee et
presentee au Roy par son tres humble et tres
obeissant Serviteur et Fidel Suject le Ch de
Beaurain Geographe de sa Majeste et son
Pensionaire en 1776" in G&M Vault.
LC-USZ62-46076
708
[An Allegory on the British Colonies in
North America—-a cartouche] Engraved for the
294


Universal Magazine 1776
Etching x 2% in. (image)
Symbols of America are in the foreground:
a pine tree, a flowering plant, an alligator, and
a barrel. The themes of the great lizard (Cf.
item 716), agriculture, and commerce were
used by Europeans to represent America
throughout the 18th century. Erom a map
entitled "An accurate Map of the present
Seat of War, between Great Britain and her
Colonies in North America." In G&M Vault.
Another impression.
709
Poor old England endeavoring to reclaim his
wicked American Children. Pub Apr 1777 by
M Darly 39 Strand.
Etching 1334 x 9^ in.
England as an old man with crutch and peg
leg has hooks through the noses of five Ameri-
cans across the ocean, but they resist him; two
shoot pellets at him, two shout, and one ex-
poses his backside. Below the title is a quota-
tion: "And therefore is England maimed &
forc'd to go with a Staff", shakespeare" CPPS
5397 LC-USZ62-34862
710
Qualifying for a Campain. Verney delint.
London, Printed for R. Sayer & J. Bennett
Map & Printsellers No. 53 Fleet Street, as the
Act directs 4 June 1777.
Etching (hand colored) 10 x 14^2 in.
British soldiers in red coats play with pistols
and cats, shoot down a stack of playing cards,
duel with blunt rapiers, and sit around amusing
themselves. On the back wall a vague map,
designated "Seat of War in North America,"
identifies Boston and New York. Throughout
the x^merican Revolution, criticism of the
British Army grew constantly. This cartoon
is one of many to link misfortunes in America
with an inadequate Army. LC-USZ62-1515

710
295




7ii
The Conference between the Brothers How to
get Rich. Publish'd by W Williams Fleet Street
as the Act directs Oct: 10, 1777.
Etching 8jHs x 12^2 in. (image)
Adm. Lord Richard Howe and Gen. Sir
William Howe sit at a table with a devil stand-
ing between them pointing to each saying,
"How, How, continue the war." The one says,
"I don't -know How How we can," and the
other says, "Brother How poor we are How
shall we get Rich." In the far background to
the left is a fleet at anchor, and in the near
background a man loads cabbages on a cart
saying, "Cabbages Ho . . . w." The implication
here is that the Howe brothers were more
interested in profiteering and improving their
positions than in ending the war. William
711
Howe had been appointed Commander in
Chief of all forces in America in October 1775,
but the command in Canada was split off and
given to Guy Carleton. Four months later his
brother received command of all naval forces.
The two had powers to treat with the Ameri-
cans or attack them, and when neither strategy
succeeded, the Howes were criticized in Lon-
don. This cartoon appeared when the Howes
were in Philadelphia after inconclusive cam-
paigns in New York, New Jersey, and Penn-
sylvania. Cf. items 726, 748, 781, 782. CPPS
5399 LC-USZ62-41467
712
The Takeing of Miss Mud I'land. Sold by
W Humphrey 227 Strand London [December
1777?]
712
Mixed method 10 x 7^ in.
Celebrates the victory of Howe's fleet over
Fort Mifflin, Pa., at Mud Island near the
mouth of the Schuylkill River on October 25,
1777. This battle opened Philadelphia to him.
The satire shows a woman with an American
flag with stripes and rattlesnake and a Union
flag sitting on a cannon firing at the warship
Isis. Also in the fleet are the ships Somerset,
Roebuck, Eagle (Howe's flagship), and Vigilant.
The land on the left is designated Pennsylvania
and on the right New Jersey. CPPS 5402
LC-USZ62-1509
713
[Two American Indians—a cartouche, 1768-
83?]
Etching 16 x in. (image)
296


This cartouche represents an idealized per-
sonification of the British Colonies. The Indian
figures are noble savages surrounded by an
abundance of animals and fish nets. The man
pets a lion cub, perhaps representing the off-
spring of the English lion; the traditional large
lizard (cf. item 716), a beaver, a parrot, and
two monkeys are also in the picture. The man
and woman sit beneath the title "A New and
Correct Map of North America with the West
India Islands Divided According to the last
Treaty of Peace Concluded at Paris. 10th Feby.
1763 wherein are particularly distinguished the
Several Provinces and Colonies which compose
the British Empire." From Thomas Kitchin,
General Atlas (London, 1773), no. 7.
Other copies are on the map en-
titled, "An Accurate Map oi North America,
describing . . . the British and Spanish Domin-
ions . . . according to the . . . treaty concluded
at Paris 10th Feby. 1763 ... By Eman Bowen
. . . and John Gibson." This map appears in
Thomas Jefferys, The American Atlas (London,
1775), no- 5~6, and also in the edition for 1776.
Other copies are on a map entitled
"A New and Correct Map of North America
with the West India Islands divided according
to the Preliminary Articles of Peace . . . 1763,
wherein are particularly distinguished the
LTnited States, & the Several Provinces and
Colonies which compose the British Empire,
laid down according to the latest surveys and
corrected from the Original Materials of
Governor Pownall . . . 1777." This map appears
in Thomas Jefferys, The American Atlas (Lon-
don, 1778), no. 5-6, and also in the edition for
1783. Negative in G&M.
Another copy. In P'aden, North
American Atlas (London, 1777), no. 1.

Another copy. In Jefferys, A Gen-
eral Topography of North America (London,
1768), no. 9.
713
297


7H

[The war in America—a cartouche] E. Voysard
sc. A Paris chez Esnauts et Rapilly, rue St.
Jacques a la Ville de Coutances. 1777
Etching 5^ x 7 in. (image)
A seaman leans on a cannon, and flags and
ordnance surround the title, "Carte Detaillee
des Possessions Angloises dans l'Amerique
Septentrionale Construite d'apres les dernieres
relations et les Cartes particulieres de ces
Provinces Pour l'intelligence de la Guerre
actuelle entre les Anglois et leurs Colonies."
In G&M Vault. LC-USZ62-46079
715
Chi Mi Vela e in Periglio e Chi Mi Svel.
C: Coltellini pinx. Gio. Lapi scul: [1777]
Mixed method 3 x 23A 'n-
During the 18th century artists were praised
for holding up a mirror to nature. No more
fitting ornament could adorn this Italian atlas
than a picture of America, a beautiful, naked
goddess surrounded by cherubs, looking into a
mirror. From Atlante dell' America . . .
(Livorno, 1777), title page. LC-USZ62-46018
-16
America. [W. Hamilton del.] E. M[alpas]
Published as the Act directs Novr. 23d. 1776.
Mixed method 4 x 3^ in. (image)
America is pictured and described in this
work in a manner characteristic of many
cartoons and cartouches.
The fourth and last part of the world is represented
almost naked, of a tawny complexion, and a fierce aspect;
has her head and other parts of the body adorned with
various coloured feathers, according to the custom of the
country. In the left hand she holds a bow, and in the right
a bunch of arrows, these being the arms of both men and
women in many of the provinces. The lizard which abounds
in that country, is of such an enormous size, and of such
fierceness, that it not only devours other animals, but
frequently attacks the inhabitants. The moose deer is
also a notable animal in that part of the world, and may
with propriety be introduced.
298


This figure is one among 423 allegories in
Richardson's edition of Ripa, A Collection of
Emblematical Figures (London, 1777), figure
60. LC-USZ62-46532
71/
[A Continental soldier stands by broken pillars
—a map ornament] by Nicos. Scull . . En-
graved by L. Jackson [1777]
Etching 2/4 x 3^2 in. (image)
A soldier points to the map with a baton in
his left hand. The style and pose are similar to
the engraved portraits of American leaders
found in the various editions of An Impartial
History of the War in America and The
Hibernian Magazine. From "A Map of that
part of Pensylvania now the Principle seat of
War in America wherein may be seen the
Situation of Philadelphia, Red Bank, Mud
Island, & Germantown . . ." in G&M Vault.
LC-USZ62-46075
——Another picture. The cartouche
shows products of America—a bee hive,
barrels, bundles, wheat, a goat, and shipping
at sea.
718
[An American Indian Warrior rests from the
war—a cartouche] A Paris Chez Esnauts et
Rapilly, rue St. Jacques a la Ville de Coutances.
1777
Etching 7 x \oyi in. (image)
From a map entitled "Carte du Theatre de
la Guerre entre les Anglais et les Americains:
dressee d'apres les Cartes Anglaises les plus
modernes, par M. Brion de la Tour, Ingenieur-
Geographe du Roi 1777." In G&M Vault.
Another copy. 1778.
—Another copy. 1779.
LC-USZ6 2-46071

299


719

719
[A Scene in the British Colonies in North
America—a cartouche, 1777?]
Etching 5^ x 9 in. (image)
Idealized view of trading, shipping, and
fishing. From a map entitled "The British
Colonies in North America. Engraved by
William Faden, MDCCLXVH" in Faden,
North American Atlas (London, 1777a), no. 1.
Negative in G&M.
720
[The god Mars watches the goddess Fame un-
furl a detailed map of New York and Pennsyl-
vania—map ornament] Beaurain 1777
Mixed method 11^ x 12 in. (image)
Mars, dressed as a Roman soldier, looks up
to Fame who proclaims the new country.
This ornament could represent the attention
given to the American war by the "gods of
war" in Europe. Many French maps of North
America appeared in the late 1770's, and they
indicate the growing interest which developed
into the French alliance of 1778. Cf. items 714
and 718. From a map entitled "Carte de
l'Amerique Septle. pour servir a l'intelligence
de la Guerre entre les Anglois et les Insurgents
dediee a Mgr De Sartine Ministre de la
Marine par M. le Chr. de Beautain Geographe
du Roi et son Pensionnaire 1777" in G&M
Vault. LC-USZ62-46078
721
[A Scene on the Island of St. John—a car-
touche, 1777?]
Etching 5 x 6 in. (image)
Implements of farming, fishing, and shipping
surround the cartouche which reads "A Plan
of the Island of St. John with the divisions of
the Counties, Parishes, & the Lots as granted
by Government. . . Survey'd by Capt. Holland
1775" in Faden, North American Atlas (London,
1777a), no. 6.
300





722

[An allegory on the Mississippi Bubble—a
cartouche] Gottfri Rogg del M. Rhein sc.
[before 1778]
Etching ii^i x 7^ in. (image)
Although this cartouche is in a 1778 atlas,
it probably was designed soon after the collapse
of the Mississippi Bubble in 1720. Many old
maps and cartouches were used repeatedly
throughout the century, and although much of
the information became anachronistic, they
continued to reflect common attitudes about
the New World. The theme of speculation for
riches conveyed by this cartouche was far from
obsolete in 1778. This picture shows a god
pouring coins and jewels from a cornucopia,
often a symbol for the Mississippi River in
early maps, while men on the left side receive
riches, and men on the right commit suicide in
despair. To the left background men fall out
of a tree, and in the center foreground cherubs
blow bubbles and cut papers. From a map
entitled "Accurata delineatio Celeberrimae
Regionis IAiduvicianae vel Galhce Louisiane ol.
Canadae et Floridae adpellatione in Septem-
trionali America descriptae quae hodie nomine
fluminis Mississippi vel St. Louis ... in lucem
edita cura et manu Matthaei Seutteri" in
Lotter, Atlas Geographique (Nurnberg, 1778),
no. 95. LC-USZ62-46070
723 .
[Minerva, the goddess of wisdom and war,
1778]
Mixed method 7 x in.
An "Explanation of the Frontispiece" is on
page 4.
The Frontispiece shows Minerva, the Goddess of Wisdom
and of War, that she has laid down her Shield, hung up her
Arms, and, in the dress becoming her Sex, nurses an
Infant, whilst Mentor holds the Olive-Branch, and teaches
two Children the advantages of Peace. May
our American Brethren view this Scene, and, after hanging
up their Arms, present the Olive-Branch to the Commis-
sioners empowered to make Peace!


This allegory expresses the hopes of peace-
loving elements for a cessation of hostilities
with the arrival of a civilian peace commission
in America on June 6, 1778. It also shows how
idealized pictures were intended to inspire men.
From The Westminster Magazine, 1778, frontis-
piece. LC-USZ62-45486
724
Europe, Asia, Africa and America bringing
Intelligence to the Genius of the London
Magazine. Desd. Drawn and Engraved by
Bonnor. [January 1778]
Mixed method 5^ x 4^ in. (image)
An angelic woman with large wings writes
in the "London Magazine 1778," and a cherub
afher feet looks into a book marked "London
Magazine Continued from the Year 1731."
The four continents approach her. Cherubs
add Baroque richness to an Augustan setting.
From The London Magazine, 1778, frontispiece.
LC-USZ6 2-45 502
725
The Closet. No. i Price is. Bute Invt. Ger-
maine Ext. Mansfield Sculpt. Publish'd as the
Act directs Jany. 28th 1778. by I. Williams
No. 39 Fleet Street.
Aquatint with etching x 14 in.
Scenes showing America and England are
separated by pictures of ships taking troops to
Quebec and Boston and cripples back to Eng-
land's Chelsea Hospital. The picture in the
King's closet shows George III, the devil, Bute,
Mansfield, and Germain discussing the prob-
lems of the war. Below them, Charles Yorke,
Lord Chancellor, commits suicide. On the left
side are four panels showing (1) the death of
Jane McCrea, (2) seven savages roasting a
white man on a spit, (3) Burgoyne and his
captive army marching past Gates and the
victorious Americans, and (4) German and
Scottish mercenaries fleeing the Americans.
CPPS 5470 LC-USZ62-45431



304


726

A Picturesque View of the State of the Nation
for February 1778.
Mixed method 3^5 x 6^4 in.
An explanation in The Westminster Magazine
states: "I. The commerce of Great Britain,
represented in the figure of a Milch-Cow. II.
The American Congress sawing off her horns,
which are her natural strength and defense:
one being already gone, the other just a-going.
III. The jolly, plump Dutchman milking the
poor tame Cow with great glee. IV and V. The
Frenchman and Spaniard, each catching at
their respective shares of the produce, and
running away with bowls full . . . VI. The good
ship Eagle laid up, and moved at some distance
from Philadelphia ... VII. The two brothers
[Richard and William Howe] napping it, one
against the other, in the City of Philadelphia,
out of sight of fleet and army. VIII. The
British Lion lying on the ground fast asleep,
so that a pug-dog tramples upon him [the pug
urinates on the lion] . . . IX. A Free English-
man in mourning stands by him [the British
lion] . . . ." While showing the threat which the
allies present to English commerce, this cartoon
also contributes to the great pamphlet war
over the conduct of the Howe brothers in
America. The controversy began in January of
1778 when Fox asked for an investigation by
Parliament. From The Westminster Magazine,
February 1778, p. 66. CPPS 5472
LC-USZ62-39591
727
Dedie aux Milords de l'Amiraute Anglaise
par un Membre du Congres Americaix.
Dessine d'apres nature a Boston par Corbut
en 1778 et grave a Philadelphie par Va de
bon coeur. 1778
Mixed method x loyi in.
An English admiral, with the appendages of
an eagle, is tied to a tree. His claws and wings
are clipped by Frenchmen, Dutchmen, and an
American. A short poem accompanies the
picture:
Tel qu'un apre Vautour devorant l'Amerique,
Anglais, impunement tu crus la mettre a sac.
Mais pour la bien venger d un traitement inique
II ne l'y reste pas une once de Tabac.
Collection de Vinck 1209. CPPS 5472a
728
The Commissioners. M Darly Pubd April 1.
1778 by M Darly 39 Strand. 1778
Etching (hand colored) x 11% in.
(image)
Five obeisant British peace commissioners,
726
the Howe brothers, the Earl of Carlisle,
William Eden, and George Johnstone, kneel
before America dressed as an Indian woman,
contemplating a liberty cap. She sits on
containers marked "Tobacco for Germany,"
"Tobacco for France," "Tobacco for Holland,"
"Rice for France," "Indigo for Spain," and
"Indigo for the Mediterannean Ports." This
cartoon telescopes time by showing two sets
of peace commissioners. William Howe left
Philadelphia on May 25, 1778, and the three
commissioners arrived on June 6, 1778. It
recognizes the commercial losses which England
was suffering because of the opening of
American trade with continental powers.
CPPS 5473
305



729
The Commissioner's Interview with Congress.
Pub'd by M Darly 39 Strand April 1 1778.
Etching x in-
Three congressmen in long robes seem to
have the better part of an argument with
Carlisle, Eden, and Johnstone. The Earl of
Bute looks on sadly. Although the peace
commission was given broader powers than
the Howe brothers, it still could not meet the
increased demands of the colonists for full
recognition as an independent country. This
cartoonist and many other Englishmen saw
the commission as hopeless from the beginning,
as witnessed by this cartoon and the previous
item which are dated before the commissioners'
departure from England on April 16, 1778.
CPPS 5474 LC-USZ62-45432
[Britannia toe] Amer[eye]ca. Pubd by M
Darly May 6 1778 Strand.
Etching 133^ x in.
A rebus satirizing England's appointing
commissioners to settle the differences with the
"colonists" after France had already acknowl-
edged America as an independant country.
Translated, it reads:
My dear Daughter I cannot behold without great pain
your headstrong backwardness to return to you Duty in
not opposing all the good I long intended for your sole
Happiness & being told that you have giv'n your hand to
a base & two-faced Frenchman I have sent you over five
wise men the greatest of all my children to put you to
rights & hope you will listen to them & mind what they
say to you they have instructions to give you those things
you formerly required so be a good girl discharge you
soldiers and ships of war & do not rebel against your
mother rely upon me & do not trust to what that french
rascal shall tell you I see he wants to bring on an enmity
to all unity between you & I but listen not to him all the
world takes notice of his two faces. I'll send him such
Messages from my great cannons as shall make his heart
repent & know that one good or ill turn merits another.
NB let not hate take too much hold of your heart.
I am your friend & mother.
CPPS 5474a LC-USZ62-45411
731
[America toe] her [Miss]taken [Moth]er. Pubd
by M Darly. May 11 1778 Strand.
Etching 13^4 x 9^4 m-
America as an Indian woman holds an
American flag. This rebus answers the previous
one "Britannia to America."
You silly old woman that you have sent a dove to us is
very plain to draw our attention from our real interests
but we are determin'd to abide by our own ways of think-
ing your five children you have sent to us shall be treated
as Visitors, & safely sent home again you may trust them
& admire them, but you must not expect one of your
puppets will come home to you as sweet as you sent him,
twas cruel to send so pretty a man so many thousand
miles & to have the fatigue of returning back after bobbing
his coat and dirtying those red heel shoes if you are wise
follow your own advice you gave to me take home your
ships [and] soldiers guard well you own trifling & leave
me to my self as I am at age to know my own interests.
729
without your foolish advice & know that I shall always
regard you & my Brothers as relations but not as friends.
I am your greatly injured
Daughter America.
CPPS 5475 LC-USZ62-45412
Another impression (hand colored).
732
THE OLIVE REJECTD. OR THE YANKEES RE-
VENGE. Pubds. as the act Directs may 4 1778.
Le Lord Burthe Couronne Sur Un Ane
Infortunez Anglois, a quoi vos Bills Concilia-
toire ont-ils servis? [1778]
Mixed method 9^ x 12^ in.
Lord North, mounted on an ass, tries to
jump the Atlantic Ocean. Although he has an
306



730



olive branch in his hat and the "Conciatary
Bill" in his pocket, the Americans drive him
away with paddle, broom, bellows, and a trip
rope. An explanation below the picture dis-
tinguishes each character:
i Le représentant de la Grande Bretagne pressé de fuir
l'Amérique monté sur un Coursier a longues oreilles ne
pouvant regagner l'Angleterre qu'à la nage, sa Flotte
étant dispersé ou deffaite et ne pouvant lui donner du
secour en ayant besoin elle même par les Signaux de
détresse qu'elle fait entendre de tous cotez. 2 plusieurs
Américains faisant trêve a leur moderation naturelle
que leurs ennemis ont gratuitement qualifnes de poltron-
nerie, chassent honteusement l'agent qui sous un voile
honete vouloit ébranler leur liberté en semant la division
parmi eux. 3 un Anglois faisant partie du petit nombre de
ceux qu'on souffre encor en Amérique fait les plus pour
y retenir l'amiral. 4 Un Francois représentant son Pays
digne soutien et allié du plus beau de l'Univers sempresse
de couper le foible lien dont vainement l'anglois vouloit
se servir.
CPPS Vol. V, p. 289. Collection de Vinck 1215
LC-USZ62-45392
166
The Englishman in Paris. Sold by C. Shep-
pard, Lambeth Hill, Doctors Commons. [1777-
78]
Etching S^i x 13^ in.
An Englishman begins to eat a goose repre-
senting America at a Frenchman's dinner.
Verse below reads:
An American goose came hot from the spit
Egad says the Englishman Ell have a bit
His jaws he applies with wond'rous speed
To devour the viands on which others shou'd
feed.
Fie, fie, Monsr. La Anglois cries the frenchman;—
forebear,
Why the limbs of your brother thus furiously
tear?
Think you we'll tamely look on and starve?
No, no, Monsr. Anglois, we wait for to carve.
This cartoon and verse express the English
suspicion that France was preparing to enter
the war to reclaim her lost land in North
America. Many Americans, Patriots as well
as Tories, held this opinion. CPPS 5477
LC-USZ62-45433


734
a view in America in 1778. Pub by M Darly
Augt. 1 1778
Etching %pi x 11%, in.
Two men, one in military uniform and one
dressed as a congressman in Darly's "The
Commissioners' Interview with Congress,"
stand over a prostrate Negro and beside some
wretched soldiers. In the background a war
goes on. This print probably satirizes the poor
conditions of slaves and soldiers in a land
dedicated to liberty. LC-USZ62-46659
735
Ant Extraordinary Gazette or the Disap-
pointed Politicians. [1778?]
Etching and mezzotint 4^ x 6 in.
Englishmen receive news of Clinton's evacu-
ation of Philadelphia in June of 1778. Two
maps are on the wall: one shows English posses-
sions in 1762, and a smaller one with serpents
crawling throughout represents the possessions
in 1778. The shrinking map indicates a pessi-
mistic view of the war's direction even though
Clinton wrote that battles at Freehold and
Monmouth were victories. CPPS 5485
LC-USZ62-1516
736
[Emblematical Print Adapted to the Times.]
London Mag: [Augustus Keppel?] August
i778;
Mixed method 27A> x in-
Neptune and Britannia laugh at America
sitting on the opposite shore. America is a
young man with an American flag and a cock
(representing France) on his shoulder. In the
background the English fleet under Keppel
and the French fleet under D'Orvilliers out of
Brest are battling. This plate and an ac-
companying explanation defend the recent
action of Admiral Keppel who fought the
French in the Channel that summer. In August

309



of 1778 Keppel was brought before a court-
martial and charged with lack of aggressive-
ness. The explanation states that he won the
greater victory by containing the French and
saving the English Navy to fight another day.
It also says that Keppel drew this cartoon to
show how his victory over the French paved
the way to ultimate victory over the Americans.
. . . he [Keppel] ventures to prophesy that Great-Britain,
if she understands her own interest by augmenting her
navy, at all events, (though she considerably diminish her
land forces) will be enabled to break this unnatural
alliance, and to make the Americans, if not the French,
sorely repent the impolitic and unjust measure.
This copy in P&P is originally from The
London Magazine, August 1778, opposite p.
339. CPPS 5486 LC-USZ62-45434
737
The Curious Zebra, alive from America! walk
in Gem'men and Ladies, walk in. London,
printed for G. Johnson as the Act directs 3
Sepr. 1778, and Sold at all the Printshops in
London & Westminster. 1778
Mixed method 6^4 x 10K6 in.
America, represented by a zebra with each
stripe designated a Colony, has a saddle
marked "Stamp Act" put on it by George
Grenville. North holds the reins and George
Washington and a Frenchman pull on the tail.
The three peace commissioners, Carlisle, Eden,
and Johnstone, stand behind North and explain
that America will settle for independence alone.
CPPS 5487 LC-USZ62-1517
The Tea-Tax-Tempest, or the Anglo-American
Revolution. Angewitter entstanden durch die
Auslage aus den Thee in Amerika. Orage cause
par lTmpot sur le the en Amerique. [Carl Gut-
tenberg of Nuremberg] 1778
Mixed method 13 x 17 in.
Father Time uses a magic lantern to show
a picture of a tea pot exploding in the midst of
3io



3ii



an American army composed of colonists and
an Indian. They chase a fleeing British army
of yoked soldiers and lion cubs. Four people
watch the show: an Indian (America), a Negro
woman (Africa), a woman holding a lantern
(Asia), and a white woman holding shield and
spear (Europe). At the base of the print are
two pictures in ovals comparing the American
Revolution to Holland's auto da fe (1560) and
Switzerland's William Tell (1200). CPPS 5490
LC-USZ62-1523
739
Orage cause par l'lmpot sur le The en Amer-
ique. [1778?]
Mixed method 5^ x 67/i in.
A reduced and reversed version of item 738.
Below is engraved:
Le temps fait voir avec sa Lanterne Magique aux quatre
parties du Monde, que cet Orage que les Anglois ont
excite, les foudroye eux-memes, et va donner a l'Amerique
les moyens de se saisir du bonnet de la Liberte.
CPPS 5491; see also 5225, 5490, 6190.
74O
Review of the York Regiment. P. Canon delt.
T. Parson set Pub. as ye Act Directs Oct 14,
1778 by W. Richardson No. 68 High Holborn
[177?]'
Etching Gy^ x \oy& in.
Archbishop Markham of York points to a
regiment of his soldiers and praises them to
Britannia. The leader of the soldiers claims
they "will wade thro an Ocean of Yank'y
Blood." This cartoon satirizes the support
given to the war by the Church of England.
CPPS 5492 LC^USZ62-45435
—■— Another impression.
741
La folie des deux partis, ou Vue politique
de l'Etat et de la Nation anglaise, avec
les senateurs en personnes. [ i778 ?]
Etching 5^-2 x 12 in. (image)
Three pictures showing the contemporary
condition of England. Lord Bute drives a
wagon designated "Chariot de Poste Ordre
L'Etat de George 3c no. 1778" carrying bags
marked "depenses," "inutiles," "arrerages,"
"promesses," "Liste Civile," "Gens en place,"
"Dette Nationale," and "nonvaleurs." The
wagon is pushed by a mob led by an Anglican
bishop and pulled by animals designated as
Weymouth, Richmond, Senechal, Germain,
and North. Dogs chase around the stuck livery.
The dogs are Effingham, Fox, Gordon, Abing-
don, Burke, Wilkes, Shanon, and Camden; C.
J. Fox is a fox. An airship designated "La
derniere resource de l'angleterre" carrying
313


>'
I de» OpdPI
C K v -Pri*? de Vew Yorck j5 Jeptembre.
V» „d*^tfa,rc de Low Island, a J Aou^t ■
7' \3^/^"<' plauu/aS Octobrr .
fasllTaire de Middle Brook, en /eerier.
\Ssf/faire de Ckruttana - Bridpe, 2 Jeptembre
) JBataille de Brandiwuic le n Jeptembre ■
Prue de Pkiladelphte le ab'jept^'
iBataille de Gerniantovon. le 3 Octobrr .
iAifairc de Gloce-akr le ai Novemb ■
17 "\ Boundbrook cn^Tanvier ■
iTfii{io Camp du lleneral^^JVcushuxxjto
742

"reparations" in the form of "Suretes," "Con-
cessions," "Prieres," and "bonne condiute"
flies off to America with "Ld. Carlisle" and
"Gouverneur Jenhson." Beneath the central
picture are two smaller pictures and three
satirical crests. LC-USZ61-808
741a
La Balance du pouvoir, ou Explication poli-
tique. Dans le bas est Frankclin, Hancock, et
Adams, aides de leur anciens amis. Sur le haut
North, Sandwich et Germain sont en danger
de tomber et leurs amis pret a les recevoir en
bas.
Etching 1% x 3^ in.
An American, probably Franklin, with fur
hat and spectacles, a Frenchman, a Spaniard,
and a devil outweight three Englishmen on a
seesaw. The Englishmen fall off into a net held
by two devils. This cartoon is an inset in the
lower right corner of "La folie des deux partis,"
item 741.
742
[Cartouche and ornament from a map of New
York] Tob. Conr. Lotteri, Sac. Caes, Maj.
Geographi, August. Vind. [1778?]
Etching (hand colored) 20 x 23X in- (entire
map)
A view of New York forms the base of the
cartouche, which features the dark natives of
America carrying produce to a seated figure,
probably the King of England. The god Mer-
cury and two goddesses also bring favors to the
King. On the map are pictures of many animals
and two Indian villages, which show the John
White influence. From a map entitled "Recens
Edita totius Novi Belgii, in America Septen-
trionali . . ." in Lotter, Atlas Geographique
(Niirnberg, 1778), no. 92. See Stokes, Icon-
ography of Manhattan Island, v. 1 (New York,
I9I5)> P- 223- See also item 550.
LC-USZ62-46068
3H


743
[A European directs two Indians where to
place their goods for barter—a cartouche]
Tob. Conr. Lotter, sculps Aug V: [1778]
Etching n)4 x m- (image)
Indians bring fish and skins to the European
who has bundles and barrels stacked nearby.
In the background another Indian is smoking
in the woods, and the rest of the cartouche is
filled with many wild animals. The entire
design is surmounted by a crown resting on an
escutcheon showing English lions and French
fleur-de-lis. The traditional theme here is of
commerce amid great abundance in the colonies
of England and France. From a map entitled
"Pensylvania, Nova Jersey et Nova York cum
Regionibus ad Fluvium Delaware in America
. . . per Tob. Conr. Lotter Geographum Aug.
Vind." in Lotter, Atlas Geographique (Niirn-
berg, 1778), no. 94. LC-USZ62-46069
744
[Representation of a battle—a cartouche!
A Paris chez Mondhare Rue St. Jacques A la
Ville de Caen. 1778
Etching 7% x 13^ in. (image)
Troops march toward a burning town, while
others load a cannon. To the right is a car-
touche with flags and ordnance framing the
title "Carte du Theatre dela Guerra Actuel
entre les Anglais et les Treize Colonies Unies
de l'Amerique Septentrionale dressee par
J. B. Eliot Ingenieurs des Etats Unis 1778."
In G&M Vault.
Another impression.
Another impression.
— Another copy which describes J.B.
Eliot as "Aide de Camp du General Washing-
ton ou se trouvent les Principaux Camps et
les Epoques des Combats qui se sont donnes
dans cette partie de l'Amerique 1781."
LC-USZ6 2-4607 7

743


745

le tombeau de voltaire. Dedie a Madame
la Marquise de Villette, Dame de Ferney.
L.V. inv. CM. sculp. Se vend a Paris chez
Alibert Md. d'Estampes, au Palais Royal.
Et chez le Noir Mo. du Cabinet des Estampes
du Roi, au Louvre. [1778?]
Mixed method 10 x 14 in.
The explanation beneath this print describes
the allegorical tableau. Preparing to deck the
tomb of the bard Voltaire are the four con-
tinents personified: Europe by d'Alembert,
Asia by Catherine II, Africa by the Prince
Oronoco, and America by the scholar and
liberator, Benjamin Franklin. Suddenly, how-
ever, the rash and ruthless Prejudice of
Ignorance interrupts the ceremony. In the
distance is the contrasting calm of another
monument, this one to the Swiss philosopher
Rousseau who is buried there in the poplar
grove consecrated by friendship. The group of
people of all ages demonstrate by their actions
the philosophy expressed by Rousseau in Emile.
The portrait of Franklin is the famous head,
after Cochin, on the body of a muscular youth.
LC-USZ62-45436
746
The United States Magazine for January
1779. [title page]
Woodcut x 1*4 in. (image)
Fame flies through an archway with trumpet
in one hand and staff with liberty cap in the
other. Stars representing the 13 Colonies
adorn the top of the arch; the pillars also
represent the original and new States. A poem
on the next two pages of The United States
Magazine for January 1779 explains the
picture.
A Bold triumphal Arch you see,
Such as by antiquity
Was raised to Rome's great heroes, who
Did the rage of war subdue.
316


The Arch high bending doth convey,
In a hieroglyphic way,
What in noble stile like this,
Our United Empire is.
The Pillars which support the weight,
Are each of them a mighty State:
Thirteen and more the vista shews,
As to vaster length it grows:
For new states shall added be,
To the great Confederacy.
And the mighty arch shall rise,
From the cold Canadian skies,
And shall bend through heaven's broad way,
To the noble Mexic bay.
In the lofty arch are seen,
Stars of lucid ray—Thirteen:
And when other states shall rise,
Other stars shall deck these skies;
There in wakeful light to burn,
O'er the hemisphere of morn.
Fame before the vista flies,
Rising to the western skies:
A golden trumpet still she bears;
Sounding through the coming years:
Sounding o'er the west-way plain;
Where but solitude doth reign;
But where new states shall yet have place,
Founded on an equal base;
Founded far beyond the groves,
Where the Yochagany roves;
Or where Cochnawage fills
Her urn, at the Shanduski hills.
Here in gilded roofs and halls,
At city feasts and festivals,
The wise and brave shall reckon o'er
The story of the years before;
And with delighted fancy tell,
How the first heroes fought and fell—
The heroes who, in early day,
Opposed Britannia's ruthless sway,
And her mad monarch, o'er whose mind,
Rolled angry vengeance to mankind.
O! heavenly-winged cherub, Fame,
Bear aloft each noble name
Of those whose comprehensive mind,
The fabric of the states design'd;
Or those who to support it, fought,
Warm with the advent'rous thought;
Bear aloft the names which we
Guard with popularity:
If they deserve it may they bloom,
Through ev'ry age and year to come;
And no malignant breath profane,
Imprint upon their worth a stain:
And even those who yet may lie,
Prest with present obloquy;
If they are injured may they rise,
And wing their way through placid skies;
The impartial voice of future days,
Ascribing to their acts just praise.
O! Thou, who on the circle high
Dost sit, of vast eternity;
At whose command the spinning ball
Rolls on, and empires rise and fall:
May this our empire built by thee,
Remain with great stability;
And while the east or western wave,
The margin of the land shall lave;
Or angry winds from Hudson's bay,
Shall drive the southern clouds away;
May the Confederate Arch prevail
Above the tyrants that assail:
And parallel with that on high,
The heav'ns and starry canopy,
Exist a Structure of renown,
And but with Time's great Arch go down.
LC-USZ62-45570

747
The birth-day ode.* As it was preformed
before his M , on the 4th of June, by
THE ROYAL BAND. [June I779]
Etching 6 x 7^ in. (image)
Three musicians, Sandwich on kettle drums,
North a violinist, and Germain a flutist, and
four vocalists perform the music entitled
"The Distresses of the Nation: an Ode Per-
formed in honor of his Majesty's Birth Day."
At the bottom of the print is a note correspond-
ing to the asterisk in the title which reads:
"As several spurious copies of the Birth-Day
Ode made their appearance in the News-
papers, that the Public may be no longer
deceived, they are here presented with the

317


genuine Ode, as it was actually performed on
the 4th of June."
I. STROPHE.
Now Caesar sits on Throne sublime,
To snuff the Laureat's drousy Rhime,
And take his annual Sleep in state,
To please the Slaves that round him wait;
Swift, from the starry Courts above,
Descend some Dream, (for Dreams descend from
Jove)
And to the Monarch's mental Ear,
The wonders of his Reign declare:
While a grateful People's Voice,
Shall in choral Peals rejoice,
And to the Nations round proclaim,
Caesar, Virtue, and Wisdom are the same.
I. ANTISTROPHE.
Swift from the starry Courts above
Descends the Dream divine, from Jove
Mark! o'er the Monarch's slumbring Head,
A raven Gloom his Pinions spread!
And hark, the Spectre speaks! G E
Attend, and N h, and all your pliant Train,
Attend! and while celestial Lays
Sweetly warble Caesar's praise,
Rouse your boldest Minstrelsy,
And swell the joyful Symphony:
To you her blessings Britain owes,
And yours the high Applause approving Heaven
bestows.
I. EPODE.
Hark, he sings the Caribb-War!
Brightest Ray of Britain's Fame!
"Caesar! that Year some partial star
"Shed unopposed its splendour on thy name!
"O'er Nations long in Arms renown'd,
"Britain had been with Conquest Crown'd,
"While Justice urg'd their righteous Rage;
"But never gainst a naked Foe
"Had dared her veteran Sword to draw,
"Dishonest War to wage;
"This Caesar did and triumph'd!"—join the Song
M !to thee the Laurel does belong!
II. STROPHE
"Beyond the vast Atlantic Main
"What Myriads bless thy gracious Reign;
"To Jove their Prayers ascend, for thee,
"The Father of their Liberty!
"For thee their Prayers—Ah! why, that Groan?
"Why trembles mighty Caesar on his Throne?
"I come to chase these generous Fears—
"For thee their Prayers Saturnius hears,
"And, by the ninefold Stream below,
"Swears they never shall forgoe
"Thy Gift—The Thunder's awful Sound
"Confirm'd the Oath, and shook Creation's
ample round.
II. ANTI STROPHE.
"Hibernia, Britain's Sister-Isle,
"With equal Freedom soon shall smile;
"Taught by thy prudent Sway to know
"No Blessing rivals this below.—
"And lo! their worth in Luxury drown'd)
"While Caledonia's Chieftains kiss the Ground,
"Her humbler Sons, an untam'd Race,
"Instinctive feel the Fire of Grace;
"And, in the name of Jove, demand
"Like good from Caesar's liberal Hand,
"Religion never asks too late,
"So pious S Swears, and what he Swears is
Fate.
II. EPODE.
"Gallia, hide thy recreant Head,
"Vain thy Arms, thy Craft as vain;
"Spight of the Snares, by treachery spread,
"Britain preserves her Empire o'er the Main!
"But ah how long!—in aweful Gloom
"The Fates involve Britannia's Doom
"Yet, ye who Counsel Caesar, hear!
"Perchance the Hour is nigh Pursue
"Your Schemes, perchance 'tis fix'd that you
"The glorious wreath shall wear:
"His worth's the same in Jove's impartial F.yes,
"Who saves a sinking Empire or destroys."
FULL CHORUS.
Yes we will our Schemes pursue,
We will the Wreath of Glory wear;
His Worth's the same in Jove's impartial Eyes,
Who saves a sinking Empire, or destroys.
CPPS 5540 LC-USZ62-45437
748
The Political Raree-Show: or a Picture of
Parties and Politics, during and at the close
of the Last Session of Parliament. June 1779.
For the Westminster Magazine June 1779.
Published 1st of July by Fielding & Walker
Pater-Noster-Row.
Mixed method (hand colored) 8 x 13 in.
(image)
A youth looks into a peepshow to see a
series of 12 pictures of happenings in the
British Empire. The top middle picture shows
Sir William Howe sleeping outside a tent,
while in the background General Burgoyne
surrenders at Saratoga. CPPS 5548.
LC-USZ62-1519 is the negative number of
a black-and-white print.
749
The Horse America, throwing his Master.
Pubd. as the Act directs, Augst. 1st, 1779 by
Wm. White, Angel Court, Westminster.
Mixed method 7>2 x n>£ in.
George III is thrown from a horse which he
has beaten with a lash made of swords,
bayonets, and other cutting tools. In the back-
ground a Frenchman carries a flag decorated
with fleur-de-lis. CPPS 5549 LC-USZ62-1521
750
The European Diligence, sold by W Humph-
rey No. 227 Strand. [October 5, 1779]
Mixed method 7 x 9^ in.
A Dutchman rolls a wheelbarrow over
Britannia who says, "Ah Cruil Neighbours thus
to assist Rebellious Children." In the wheel-
barrow is France dressed as a gentleman
saying, "O Madame tis de fine Politique,"
and behind him America dressed as an Indian
woman says, "My Good & Great Ally Strike
Home." Also in the vehicle, a Spaniard says to
a dark-visaged person, "Now Brother of
Portugal join the Confaderacy and agrandize
our Family." A Russian soldier blocks the
progress of the wheelbarrow, saying, "My
Mistress is determined to Chastise yr. hogent
mogen for yr. Ingratitude & Duplicity &
Oblige you to assist that Power that first
assisted you." This cartoon satirizes Holland,
which was using its colony at St. Eustatius for
a shipping center to send war materials to
America. At this time Britain hoped that
Catherine of Russia would join her against
the continental powers, but Russia later joined
318



Denmark and Sweden in the Armed Neutrality
agreement of February 29, 1780. CPPS 5557
LC-USZ62-45438
751
A Privy Council. Published Novr 24 1779 by
M.S. Dareny Opposite to the Kings Head
Strand.
Etching yyi x g}4 in. (image)
A group of animals around a table exhibit
extreme moods of boredom and excitement.
An ass with ermine cloak represents George III,
and to his left a figure in tartan plaid represent-
ing Bute whispers in his ear. To the King's
right sits a sleeping bear; he is probably Lord
North. To North's right are a boar, a bull, and
a goat. On the floor lies a muzzled bull dog
designated "Jon Bull." Behind them on the
wall is a map showing a jagged split between
England and America. CPPS 5569
LC-USZ6 2-45440

3l9



320


752

brittanias ruin. Pub by Mary Darly 39
Strand 17 Dec 1779.
Etching (hand colored) 7 x 9^ in.
Britannia dressed as an old beggar woman
sits with her shield and broken spear on the
ground. An American dressed as a commoner
holding a staff with liberty cap atop in his
right hand and a sword in the left hand says,
"Submit or I'll slash you thro the heart."
Three men, probably representing France,
Spain, and Holland, look on. The Frenchman
with his hand on the American's shoulder says,
'My Dear friend frighten her." The Spaniard,
with his back turned, says, "Let me have back
what I've lost." The Dutchman stands apart
saying, "By God Madam they'l hum you."
This cartoon depicts the foreign threat to
Britain's security. France had been an ally to
America since February 1778, the Dutch were
continually capitalizing on the situation to
improve their own trade, and in June of 1779
Spain formally entered the war.
753
Mr. Trade & Family or the State of ye
Nation. To His Excely. Genl. Washington
Pat. Patae. This Plate is humbly Address'd by
His obedient Servt. Thos. Tradeless. St t,
B rn d, & Co. Origt. G rm e,
N h & Co. Excr. Publish'd by Virtue of
Parliament not this day in particular—Dec.
1779;
Mixed method 9^4 x 13^ in.
An English tradesman and his family turned
to beggary blame their problem on George
Washington and the war. In the background
Norfolk and Aesopus burn, and George III goes
hunting with his hounds. Norfolk, Va., had
been bombarded by Lord Dunmore on January
1, 1776, and later burned by the colonists.
Aesopus, N.Y. (also called Kingston and Wilt-
wyck) was burned by Gen. John Vaughn in
October 1777. Although George III frivolously
hunts deer while his people starve, the poem
below the picture blames Washington for the
troubles of Englishmen.
Oh Wash'gton is there not some Chosen Curse
Some Hidden Thunder; in the Stores of Heav'n,
Red with uncommon Wrath, to Blast those Men,
Who owe their Greatness to their Country's Ruin?
Addiss. Cato.
Risque or libelous cartoons often concealed the
artist and engraver by listing famous people as
the originator and the executor. This cartoon
lists St[uar]t (Earl of Bute), B[elrn[ar]d (former
governor of Massachusetts), G[e]rm[ain]e, and
N[ort]h as the creators. CPPS 5574
LC-USZ62-1520
754
The Botching Taylor Cutting his Cloth to
cover a Button. John Simpson Aqua forti.
Publish'd by James Tomlinson Oxford Street
Deer 27th 1779.
Etching and mezzotint g}i x 1 \J/i in. (image)
George III sits like a tailor on a table while
Bute shows him how to cut cloth. On his lap is
a length marked "Ireland Great Britain Han-
over." Lord North holds severed pieces of
cloth marked "North America," "West Indies,"
and "Africa." Behind North stand Sandwich,
Mansfield, and Germain. On the floor lie strips
designated "Magna Charta," "Bill of Rights,"
"Protestants," "Petitions," "Intelligence,"
"Expresses," "Memorials," "Remonstrances,"
and "Dispatches." In the right corner the
Pope embraces Charles Edward the Pretender,
while they both watch the King. This cartoon
satirizes George Ill's hobby of button making.
The American problem is one of many which
the poor mad King is botching. CPPS 5573
LC-USZ6 2-45441
321


755

The Present State of Great Britain. Pubd
by W. Humphrey. No. 227 Strand. J. Phillips
Fecit. [1779]
Etching 10^2 x 16 in.
England pictured as a stout man protected
by a Scot. The Scotsman fends off a French-
man, while a Dutchman picks a purse from
the Englishman's pocket, and an American
Indian lifts a liberty cap off a pole held by the
two Britons. CPPS 5579 LC-USZ62-45442
756
Les Anglois Molestes et Chatiees. i. Le
Soleil de la France eclairant l'Amerique et
Foudroiant la Grande Bretagne, 2. Un Anglois
Americain fustigeant ses anciens Freres devenus
ses esclaves, 3. Un Anglois, 4. Un Ecossoise, 5.
Un Irlandois. [1779?]
Etching (hand colored) 8^4 x 12^4 in. (image)
An American soldier with a hat designated
"Congress" and "Washington" lashes three
representatives of Britain who are in chains.
From his whip lightning bolts strike the
English fleet in a storm. A bright sun repre-
senting France with fleur-de-lis shines on the
entire scene.
757
Le Destin molestant les Anglois. [1779?]
Mixed method 8^ x in- Omage)
The Comte d'Estaing in armor presents a
palm to America who is dressed as an Indian
holding a liberty cap on a staff. The Indian
sits on boxes and leans on barrels marked
"Ris pour la France," "Indigo pour le Repos
de la Mediteranee," "Tabac pour la Hollande,"
"Tabac pour la France 1780," "Tabac pour la
Russie," "Tabac pour l'Allemagne," and
"Indigo pour la France." D'Estaing holds
three muzzled animals on a leash; they repre-
sent the people of England. A winged figure
representing Fame crowns America while
322


blowing a trumpet reading, "Vive Destaing."
"Destin" in the title is a pun on the admiral's
name. French enthusiasm for D'Estaing is
evident in this allegory, as opposed to the
contemporary American reaction which was
suspicious and critical of him. See CPPS 5581
Collection de Vinck 1176 LC-USZ62-34859
O Qu'el d'estain. Tu la voulu. Du sein de la
tyrannie naquit l'Indépendance. M.A. Voltaire.
[1779?]
Etching x 6J4> in.
A rattlesnake (L'Amérique), a cock (La
France), and a lion (L'Espagne) attack a
cat-like animal (L'Angleterre). CPPS 5581
759
[Representation of the American war—a car-
touche] A Paris chez Basset Rue St. Jacques
au coin de celle des Mathurins a Ste. Gene-
vieve. 1779
Mixed method 8^ x \ in. (image)
America leans on a bale of goods and holds
a staff with liberty cap on top. Rich tropical
fruit and corn grow around her, and she
watches a battle raging behind her. From a
map entitled "Carte Theatre de la Guerre
Présente en Amérique dresée d'après les
Nouvelles Cartes Anglaises par L. Denis
Géographe et Auteur de Conducteur Français
dédiée et présentée a Monsieur le Noir Con-
seiller d'Etat, Lieutenant général de Police
&c. Par son très humble Serviteur [André]
Basset en 1779" in G&M vault.
LC-USZ62-46080
— /
other impression.
760
prattle. [Gillray?] Pub by M Darly 39
Strand Augt. 12 1779.
Etching x 7 in. (hand colored)






An apothecary comments on the war. "Beg
your pardon my Dear Sir—had it from my
Lud Fiddle faddle—nothing to do but cut 'em
off pass the Susquhanna and proceed to Boston
possess himself of Crown point then Phila-
delphia would have fallen of course—& a
communication opend with the Northern
Army as easyly as I'd open a Vein." CPPS
5603 LC-USZ62-45444
■——-—-——Another impression. "Prattle the
political apotecary. Pubd. by H Humphrey
No 18 New Bond Street."
761
America. To Perpetuate to Posterity the
Memory of those Patriotic Heroes, who Fought,
Bled & Died in Establishing Peace, Liberty,
and Tranquility to their Country. Doolittle
sculp. Newhaven [177?]
Stipple engraving printed in red 17^ x 23^
in. (image)
America kneels beside an obelisk which
commemorates the war. The names Warren,
Montgomery, Wooster, and Mercer (leaders
who died in battle) are engraved on the monu-
ment, and in the background is a burning city,
fences and walls in ruins, and two corpses.
One corpse has an Indian arrow protruding
from his breast. A female figure, probably
Peace, brings an olive branch from the sky.
Heroic Virtue, a noble savage clothed in skins,
comes to America presenting Liberty, carrying
a liberty cap on a staff; Virtue, carrying a
club; and Concord, wearing flowers in her
hair. Industry holds a bundle of wood and a
bee hive. Plenty carries a cornucopia and is
surrounded by children and animals. A fleet of
ships docks in the background.
Another copy. America. To
Those who wish toJsHEATHE the Desolating_
Sword of War. And, to Restore the
Blessings of Peace and Amity, to a divided
People. R.E. Pine pinxt. Joseph Strutt sculp.
1778 Stipple engraving printed in red 17^2
x 23^ in. (image). This copy is the same pic-
ture as Amos Doolittle's, but this print is
clearer and in better condition.
LC-USZ62-15366
762
1. Die Wage der Mache. 2. Niemand beleidiges
mich ohngesfraft. 3. Das Schwerd der Gerech-
tigkeit 4. Rodney has unsre Flotte zu Grund
gerichtet. 5. Mein Herr Stehet uns beis oder
mir sind verloren. 6. Mein Undank wird mit
allem Recht bestruft. 7. Ich will etwas thun
furs Geld, [or] 1. La balance de la puissance. 2.
ne personne m'offense sans puni. 3. l'Epee de
la jiustice. 4. Rodney a ruine notre Flotte. 5.
Monsieu aidez a nous ou nous sommes perdu.
6. Mon ingratitude est puni comm tous raison.
7. Je ferai quelque chose pour l'argent. A
Augsbourg chez I. Mart. Will Fauxbourg S.
Jacques. [178?]
Mixed method 8>^ x 13X in-
A German cartoon favoring the British. The
goddess Justice holds a scale on which Britannia
outweighs a Spaniard (4), a Frenchman (5), an
American Indian (6), and a Dutchman (7)—all
despairing. In the background is Gibraltar.
Similar to item 786. LC-USZ62-45393
763
John Bull Triumphant. Publish'd Jany. 4th
1780, by W. Humphrey No. 227 Strand.
Etching 14 x 9^4 in.
A bull, representing Britain's John Bull,
tosses a Spaniard into the air. France, dressed
325



as a dandy, and America, dressed as an Indian,
show fear. Bute, North, and Mansfield pull the
bull's tail, while a laughing Dutchman sits on a
keg of gin representing trade. A poem at bottom
reads:
The Bull see enrag'd, has the Spaniard engag'd,
And gave him a Terrible Toss,
As he mounts up on high, the Dollars see fly,
To make the bold Britton rejoice.
The Yankee & Monsieur, at this look quite queer,
For they see that his Strength will prevail,
If they'd give him his way, and not with foul play,
Still lug the poor Beast by the Tail.
CPPS 5624 LC-USZ62-1524
764
The Allies.—Par nobile Fratrum! Indignatio
fecit Pubd. as the Act Directs Febry. 3, 1780
by I. Almon Piccadilly.
Etching 14 x 8^ in. (image)
George III feasts on human meat with a
savage. Two other savages wring blood from
the corpse of a white baby and drink from a
skull. A sailor unloads boxes of scalping knives,
crucifixes, and tomahawks at the bidding of a
bishop. This print supports Jefferson's charge
that the King incited the Indians to attack the
colonists. CPPS 5631 LC-USZ62-34860
765
The Bull Roasted: or the Political Cooks
Serving their Customers. Publish'd as the Act
directs Feby. 12, 1780 by I Harris, Sweetings
Alley. Cornhill, London.
Line engraving 9% x 13^ in.
George III turns the spit on which the British
bull roasts. Bute sits behind the bull watching,
while North serves portions at a table where a
Frenchman, a Spaniard, and an American sit.
America is an Indian woman who says, "A
Dish of Buttock for Congress." A Dutchman
eats on the floor. Below a poem:
326


Behold the poor Bull! once Britania's chief boast.
Is kill'd by State Cooks, and laid down for a
Roast!
While his Master, who should all his Honours
maintain,
Turns the Spit tho' he should such an Office
disdain.
Monsieur licks his gills at a bit of the Brown,
And the other two wish for to gobble him down.
But may ill digestion attend on the treat,
And the Cooks every one soon be roasted & Eat.
CPPS 5636 LC-USZ62-45445
766
Britania And Her Daughter. A Song. Pub-
lished as the Act directs, March 8th, 1780, by
I. Mills No. 1 Ratcliff Row near the French
Hospital Old Street.
Etching 6yi x 9 in. (image)
Britannia in Roman garb approaches Spain,
America (dressed as an Indian woman), and
France; they prepare to fight for America.
Below a song:
Miss America North, so News-paper records;
With her Mother Britania one day had some words,
When behold Monsieur Louis, advanc'd a new whim,
That she should leave her Mother for to live with
him.
Derry Down.
The Damsel consented but quickly found out,
That her Paramour was not sufficiently stout;
Besides he was poor, and she wanted fine things,
So he sent to Don Carlos for Cash and Gold-rings.
Derry Down.
Says Monsieur to the Don, if you take my advice,
Then you of young Miss may come in for a slice;
The Don being am'rous was easy brought o're,
And he Cuddled, and Kiss'd as Monsieur did before.
Derry Down.
Britania beheld her with tears in her eyes,
O! Daughter return to your duty she cries,
But she replies no I'm a Woman full grown.
And long for to keep a good house of my own.
Derry Down.
If you'd used me kind when I was in your power,
I then had lived with you at this very hour,
But now on my Lovers so much do I doat,
That we'r Arm'd and I'll help 'em to cut your old
throat.
Derry Down.

Then with Hatchet, and Scalping-knife, Miss did
advance,
On one side of her Spain on the other side France;
Britania thus threatned does all three oppose,
And how it will end the Lord above knows.
Derry Down.
Britania of late sent out one of her*sons,
Who has given Don Carlos, a thump o'the Munns,
Knock'd out Five of his Teeth, all double ones too,
And keeps 'em to help Old Britania to chew.
Derry Down.
Now for the Old Lady let all of us pray,
May Monsieur, and the Don for their perfidy pay,
May young Miss, return to her duty agen,
And may Britons be Free in despight of Base Men.
Derry Down.
*Rodney
CPPS 5647 LC-USZ62-1525
766
yby
The English Lion Dismember'd Or the
Voice of the Public for an Enquiry into the
Public Expenditure. [T. Colley?] Pub by E.
Hedges No 2, Under the Royal Exchange
Cornhill March 12th, 1780.
Line engraving 9^ x 13^ in.
Lord North carries a large sack designated
budget, attached by a chain to the British
lion. An American Indian has cut off one paw
and says, "This Lion belongs to me in spite
of fate." A Spaniard and a Frenchman want
parts, and three Englishmen representing Asso-
ciations pursue the Lion. The intransigence of
the North Ministry on many issues created a
new force in English politics. Due to pleas by
327



328


Burke and other reformers, a great meeting
was held at York on December 30, 1779, to
list grievances and circulate petitions on issues
of the day. This cartoon shows members of the
Association ready to intervene in the govern-
ment's handling of the war with America,
France, and Spain. CPPS 5649
LC-USZ62-1526
768
[Association meeting at York] London, Pub-
lished as the Act directs. April 6th 1780 by
Robt. Laurie, No 17, Rosomonds Row. Clerk-
enwell. Price 2S
Mezzotint 13^4 x 9 in.
An allegorical representation of the Decem-
ber 30, 1779, meeting of the Association of
York. The wall in the back of the room holds
a picture of Britannia and America embracing.
The lesson here is that if all civil disputes could
be settled as amicably as those settled by this
Association, the war with America would be
unnecessary. CPPS 5657 LC-USZ62-45446
769
An Hieroglyphycal Epistle From [Bri-
tannia] [toe] Admiral [Rodney]. Sold by W.
Humphrey 227 Strand London. [1780]
Line engraving 6^4 x 11^2 in.
A rebus letter praising Rodney. Translated
it reads:
To you my Darling Child I Deign to Write
Who Dar'd the Haughty Spanish Dons to Fight
The Cause like others you did not betray
Who faintly Fought and almost Ran away
Like a Bold man you used Britannia's Power
And Scorn'd that Dreaded circumstance—Lee Shore
Close on their Coast you did Attack the Foe.
And Gave their ships a total Overthrow.
My Thunders roar'd to Awe the Subject world
The Prince beheld with Rapture and Surprise
While the true Hero, Sparkl'd in his eyes
To you the Wreath of victory I Send
Thy Countrys Guardian and my trusty Friend
Go on Brave Rodney in thy Bold career
And let thy Vengeance, Burst on False Monsieur

Then lost America no more shall Roam
But find with me true greatness is at Home
Peace shall again her Olive branch expand
And Smiling plenty crown the Happy Land
Brittania
CPPS 5658 LC-USZ62-45447
770
Prerogatives Defeat or Liberties Triumph.
Publisd Aprill 20, 1780 by E. Darchery St
Js' Street.
Etching (hand colored) 9^ x 1 i^i in. (image)
Bute and North lie on the ground, while
Fox helps Lord John Dunning (1731-1783)
walk over them. A Scot, probably William
Fullarton, attacks Dunning. An American
and an Irishman watch the action; the first
says, "Now we will treat with them," and the
second says, "We are loyal but we will be
free." This cartoon celebrates Dunning's
long opposition to the prerogatives of the
King and his ministers. In the previous
February, Dunning led the House of Commons
in the vote to abolish the Board of Trade and
to publicize a list of all pensions granted by
the Crown. On April 6, 1780, he moved that
the influence of the crown has increased, is increasing, and
ought to be diminished, [and] it is competent to this house
to examine into and correct abuses in the expenditure of
the civil list revenues, as well as in every other branch of
the public revenue, whenever it shall appear expedient to
the wisdom of the house so to do.
Dunning's movement was the beginning of
329



An Hieroglyphycal Ep^tle.Trom
771

ADMIRAL
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>Ms< DariC fie /Ja/tt?//£\ S/jrtn&jO Jions W Ifybf
The Crr///e. l&Ae- rfhefw X-rftrf O & t'*l>
Wins Jfun/Sfy Jfyapif (£J Jmgt Ji rt/i away
L,.1ke a Hold \jj u/"d- Jt Jtover
^fe* Scor-rtH' t A T)>vnde^- CjTrrrim.jta.ii-a!- — J..ee Sho
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i„- (ravf. then-:v4vffiatfi<^ tmt Oimtinm*.
j \qns*Hs abe —-°/~ 'SC. <tffifn.-tuliet
My Thunders ivat-d^ An* lie 'Sufyece
The. J'nnre- ■$hefof nt/d Jiiyjtu/K , L-,fti/prSf,ir
W/jtfle. tie t>wJfe/v, S/j fSt ifJt$*\
'J'c St-Bbfy 1'°^-^ O Sen-d-
Tfo fhr//lf)jt\i Guardan'M ^ frewtj fhftrna?
Co on- /t/tti'e. S*SE\' in- e6 Sf Jio/c/ Jfec eer
*Za> le# //, /t\ fcmpeaue*, /titrjr m raw* JBt-
t
7'iryi U/t dimes* K nc ut f ->iatyOram
~) futd M>M& >*t f'rte A nf/i I&me
I'r £ vhrt// m/aft/t, her C//rc J&S' r.r/ja/id
<. SmOtfia^ yf«//<>
769
33°


the end for the North Ministry and, ultimately,
the war in America. CPPS 5659
LC-USZ62-45448
771
A Vieu of Plymouth. Pub by H Humphrey.
No. 18 New Bond Street. [1780]
Etching (hand colored) 6}4 x 5^ in. (image)
Amherst looks into a raree show to see the
progress of the war in America. The explanation
below reads, "Col. Mushroom Compts. to
Lord Am t recommends this cheap but
Satisfactory mode of viewing distant Garrisons
hopes his Lordship has received the Golden
Pippins a few of them are for his Secretary."
The vendor says, "There you see Cannons
without Carriages & Carriages without Can-
nons. There you see Generals without orders
. . . ." This cartoon criticizes Amherst who
handled ordnance and was nominal Com-
mander in Chief because he was the highest
ranking advisor to the King for the American
War. His viewing of the war from a distance is
satirized by his use of a vue d'optique. For
examples of the kind of view seen in a vue
d'optique see items 263, 266-268, 310, 320,
326, 364-366, 748, and 771. CPPS 5662
772
Argus. [Gillray] Pubd. May 15th. 1780. by
W. Renegal.
Etching 13^4 x 9^4 in.
George III sleeps, while Bute and Mansfield
try to decide what to do with his crown.
America, in the dress of an Indian, looks on
from behind the bushes and says, "We in
America have no crown to fight for or lose."
Around this group a British merchant stands
in his rags, an Irishman goes his own way,
a Dutchman steals honey from some hives,
and Britannia weeps while her lion sleeps.
CPPS 5667



Another impression (hand colored).
LC-USZ62-45562
Another impression.
773
[Slave workers in South Carolina and Georgia—
a cartouche] London Published as the Act
directs by Wm. Faden, Charing Cross. June
1st 1780.
Etching i^yi x i6>£ in. (image)
In a tropical scene including melons, grapes,
bread, and other products, Negro slaves work
near a thatched hut. The themes of abundance,
industry, and commerce are reiterated in this
cartouche of America. The picture also shows
the presence of slaves in the area mapped.
From "A Map of South Carolina and a part
of Georgia" in Jeffreys, The American Atlas
(London, 1776), no. 24a.
-Another copy. On William Gerard
DeBrahm's map of the same title published by
Jefferys in 1757.
Another copy. In Faden, North
American Atlas (London, 1777), no. 34.
Negative in G&M.
Another copy. In Thomas Jefferys,
A General Topography of North America
(London, 1768), no. 60.
774
The F—X and H—D or Rival Candidates.
Humbly Address'd to the Worthy Electors of
W r. Pubd. as the Act directs Septr.
18, 1780.
Etching (hand colored) 9^2 x 7 in. (image)
Fox with the head of a fox and Lord Lincoln
(Thomas P. Clinton, 1752-1795) with the head
of a dog offer their platforms. Fox's reads,
"On the Freedom of Elections"; Lincoln's
reads, "Services done in America." In the
1780 Westminster election Fox represented
773
332


the opposition to Government, calling himself
the candidate of the people. Among his oppo-
sition measures was one to end the war in
America. Lord Lincoln was a war hero who
brought Sir Henry Clinton's dispatches after
the victory at Charleston, S.C. Loyal to the
Ministry, he wished to continue the war in
America. Fox's defeat in this election would
have been a setback to the Whig ascendency.
CPPS 5698 LC-USZ62-45449
775
Westminster Election. 1780. Publish'd as
the Act directs Septr 25. 1780 by P Mitchell
North Audly St Grosr Sqr & J. Harris,
Sweething Alley, Cornhill.
Etching io}4 x 16 in. (image)
This cartoon features the three candidates
of the election with a huge mob of Hogarth-
type characters. The vast majority of the
singing, eating, drinking, and playing crowd is
for Fox who stands with Britannia and the
English lion in the center of St. Paul's portico
holding a copy of the "Magna Charta." To
Fox's left stands Lord Lincoln holding a sword
and a paper reading "4257 Votes purchas'd.
I brought the News from America of the taking
of Charles Town." Above him flies a demon
figure, probably representing discord. To
Fox's right stands Adm. James Young (d.
I7^9)j proxy for Rodney. Neptune is beside
him, and he holds a sign reading "5298 the
Spanish Fleet totally defeated off Gibraltar
Jany. 16 1780." The vote was 4,878 for Fox,
5,298 for Rodney, and 4,257 for Lincoln. On
September 23, the crowd chaired Fox. CPPS
5699 LC-USZ62-45450
776
Count de Rochambeau French General of the
Land Forces in America reviewing the French
Troops. [1780]
Etching 9^4 x 13^4 in.
A satire on Rochambeau and his army using



778
exaggerated features to ridicule. CPPS 5706
LC-USZ62-1518
777
[America with gods and continents watches
the activities of Geography—title page]
Berthalt S. 1780
Mixed method x \}4 in. (full page)
The Muses discuss the sciences, and Geogra-
phy exhibits a map of the world. Four figures,
probably the continents, sit on the right. Amer-
ica, dressed as an Indian, and Europe, dressed
as a queen, take more interest in the activities
than do the other two. Cherubs play in the
foreground, and two of them fly with a banner
bearing the title of Clouet's Geographic Mod-
erne avec Introduction (Paris, 1780).
778
Loon na werk 1780. [A Due Reward 1780] No
1 Verbeelt Een Engelse Dogge, geketent aan
een Ronde Onzydige Paal No 2 Een Hollander
alvorens door hem int been gebeten zynde set
hem een Knip op de Staart Geadsisteerdt Door
de Neutraliteyt No 3 aan t Hooftderzebve Een
Gekroonde Vorstin Edelmoedig den Vryjen
Handel Beschermende No. 4 een Frans man
den Hont afrossende Couragerende den Hol-
lander hem wysende op Zyn Vrienden No 5
Ein Spanjaart Met Zyn Rotting den Rekel
Deftig Strelende en den Amerikaan No 6
Aanmoedigt die den Menscheplaag Dapper
voor Zyn brutale Muyl Slaadt. In T Verchiet
ziet Men de Hoogmoedige Koningin der Zee
Werdende gegeeselt door J: poiil Jones. De
piris is 8 stuyvers. 1780
Mezzotint in brown x 10^ in.
England, represented by a big, chained and
muzzled dog, is attacked by figures representing
the countries of the armed neutrality league:
Catherine of Russia, a Swede, and a Dane (cf.
item 750); and the allies: a Frenchman, a
Dutchman, a Spaniard, and an American. In
334


the background John Paul Jones whips a
crowned woman who is designated "Queen of
the Sea." CPPS 5715 LC-USZ62-45394
779
DE MAN IN'T HEMBD, OF DE GEFNUIKTE HOOG-
MOED. [The Man in the Shirt or Pride Brought
Low.] VERKLARING. I. EEN MAN In't HEMBD,
IN VOLLE RAZERNY. 2. EEN AMERIKAAN, DIE
LACHENCE ZYN BEURS EN KLEDEREN WEG-
DRAAGT. 3. EEN MUSKOVIETER DREIGENDE HEM
TE SLAAN. 4. EN 5. EEN DEEN EN ZWEED HEM DE
ARMEN VASTHOUIENDE. 6. EEN HOLLANDER DIE
HEM AAN DE KETTING LEGT. J. EEN FRANSCH-
MAN HEM EEN ZOTSKAP OPZETTENDE. 8. EENIGE
AFGETAKELDE KAPERS. 9. EEN VLOOT KOOP-
VAARDY-SCHEPEN ONGESTOORD VARENDE. IO.
EEN MAN DIE DIT STAMPVOETENDE AANZIET.
II. EENIGE VERSCHEURDE TRAKTATEN. [178 ?]
Etching 6)4 x 8^4 in.
England in a nightshirt is held by Denmark
and Sweden, while France places a dunce cap
on his head, and Holland shackles him. Russia
is about to hit him with a club, and America
runs away with his clothes. In the background
is a merchant fleet sailing out to sea, and some
privateers are grounded on the beach; in the
foreground are torn treaties. The cartoon
satirizes the unabashed opportunism of the
Armed Neutrality League. By securing pro-
tection for their trade with the belligerents,
the League inflicted considerable damage on
England, which was the largest mercantile
power. CPPS 5716 LC-USZ62-45395
——— Another impression of an earlier
state shows the outline. This state was possibly
used for coloring.
780
Freedom, Peace, Plenty, all in vain advance,
[1780]
Mixed method x 3^ in. (image)
Britannia carries her spear with a liberty

335


cap on top as she advances over a shield with
fleur-de-lis, weapons, and a paper designated
"Treaty of Alliance with France." In the left
background, soldiers with the American flag are
fighting a battle, and one aims his rifle at
Britannia. An accompanying lyric explains the
scene.
Freedom, Peace, Plenty, all in vain advance,
Spurn'd by Brittannia's Children, dupes to France:
Aspring Chiefs in congress, scourge the land,
All Laws subverting to usurp command:
Tyrants they prove, while Patriots they appear,
And Popish Leagues mark their absurd career,
May Heav'n in timely mercy make them wise,
Ere French and Spanish Chains their crimes
chastize.
From The Universal Magazine, 1780, frontis-
piece. LC-USZ62-29192
781
Wegens de Staat der Engelsche Natie, in't
Jaar 1778. [1780]
Mixed method 6^4 x 10}^ in. (image)
A larger version of item 726. An Englishman
wrings his hands over the state of English
commerce which is represented by a cow. An
American has sawed off one horn and is pro-
ceeding to cut off the second. A Dutchman, a
Frenchman, and a Spaniard milk the cow. In
the foreground a small dog urinates on the
sleeping British lion, and in the background is
the city of Philadelphia with Howe's flagship
the Eagle aground and the drunk Howe brothers
at a table. This continental print, later than
the British version, was often reprinted because
in continued to represent the state of the Amer-
ican War until about 1782. CPPS 5726A
Another version, numbered and
with an explanation in French. The English-
man has tears in his eyes in this print. CPPS
5726B LC-USZ62-15755
782
MAL LUI VEUT MAL LUI TOURNE DIT LE BON
HOMME RICHARD [1780]
Mixed method 6^ x io>^ in. (image)
Print similar to item 781, but reversed, with
more objects identified. The explanation ac-
companying this print is entitled "Le Com-
merce de la Grande Britagne sous la Forme
d'une Vache." CPPS 5727 Collection de Vinck
1212 LC-USZ6 2-28 229
783
Den Engelsman Op Zyn Uiterste. L'Anglois
a Toute Extremitez. A Lyon, chez Nicolas
Ciseau, a L'Ensigne des Armes de Bourges.
[1780]
Etching x 10 in.
An Englishman vomits into a pan held by a
Dutchman, while a Frenchman and a Spaniard
hold back a crowd waving enema syringes.
Others would like to relieve England of her
treasures. Behind the Englishman stand two
Americans ready to give him an enema. On this
copy the names Franklin and Paul Jones are
penned beside the Americans. The occasion of
this cartoon was probably England's declara-
tion of war against Holland on December 20,
1780. CPPS 5731 LC-USZ62-34861
784
by his Majestys Royal Letters Patent,
the new Invented Method of Punishing
State Criminals. [Publish'd as the Act
directs Octr 12th 1780 & sold by J. Russell
No 7 Blewets Buildings Fetter Lane, London.
1780]
Etching 7^ x 10^2 in. (image)
Britannia about to be torn apart by three
horses racing in different directions: "Tyranny"
on a road to America, "Venality" to Spain, and
"Ignorance" to France. A fourth rope leads to
a stake designated "court influence" on a
road marked "Despotism." A courtesan holds
this stake. Behind the main action on a stone
pedestal is George III smiling, and Bute

336


782
783
stands lashing the four horses. In the sky-
winged Liberty flies sadly away toward
America. CPPS 5580 LC-USZ62-45443
785
The desponding HERO of the Coldstream. A
Military Madrigal. London: Published by
Tommy Coldstream. Pettyfrance. [178?]
Etching (hand colored) 10% x 13^4 in.
(image)
Five members of the Coldstream Guard
deplore their fate around a banquet table as
they think of their coming assignments. One
refers to a possible assignment in America by
saying, "Tis a shmeful thing to puzzle a
man in this manner—yes, yes, we'll be food
for the Indians to a certainty." Below is a
song:
Air "Despairing beside a clear Stream."
O'er Parsloe's most sumptuous board,
A Colonel, desponding, was laid;
Neglected lay gorget and sword,
And a magnum supported his head:

I 784
337


Yet all three united can't weigh down the Scale:
So the Dutchman jumps in with the hope to
prevail.
Yet Britain will boldly their efforts withstand,
And bravely defy them by Sea and by Land:
The Frenchman She'll Drub, and the Spaniard
She'll Beat,
While the Dutchman She'll Ruin by Seizing
his Fleet:
Th' Americans too will with Britons Unite,
And each to the other be Mutual Delight.
Similar to item 762. CPPS 5827
LC-USZ62-1527
787
Jack England Fighting the Four Con-
federates. Printed for Jno. Smith No. 35
Cheapside, Robt. Sayer & Jno. Bennett No.
53 Fleet Street, Jany. 20; 1781.
Mixed method x 8 in. (image)
An English sailor prepares to fight the
pathetic allies. "Yanky Doodle" dressed as an
Indian lies on the ground moaning, "This fall
has hurt my Back." "Monsieur Louis Baboon"
vomits on the American saying, "Dem Jersey
Pills have made a me Sick." A Spaniard,
"Don Diego," has a bleeding eye, and a fat
Dutchman puffs toward the English tar
saying, "I have almost forgot how to fight."
Below the title:
To Arms you Brave Britons to Arms the
Road to Renown Lyes before you.
The war in America seemed to be turning in
Britain's favor at the time of this cartoon.
Clinton took Charleston, S.C., on May 12,
1780, and Cornwallis defeated the Americans
at Camden on August 16, 1780. The Spaniards
had suffered defeat at Ft. Omoa on the coast
of Honduras, and the French were repulsed at
the Isle of Jersey. The Dutchman in this
print represents a potential victim who is fat
with wealth and no longer able to fight. CPPS
5828 LC-USZ62-1528

787
339



789
788
The Budget. Published as the Act directs
March i, 1781 by W. Phelps.
Mixed method (hand colored) 7^ x 9^4 in.
(image)
A beast with two heads, one horned, repre-
sents the British budget. Three headless men
ride the back of the beast whose front rips at
the breast of Britannia with a claw and whose
back is the head of a dog or wolf which vomits
empty purses at a group of Englishmen.
Among casks and boxes of produce lie dis-
bursement slips and a chest labeled "120,000
guineas for America." In the foreground dogs
and savages devour food and a child. This
cartoon pictures the suffering of the British
people due to the Ministry's mismanagement
of funds. CPPS 5834
789
englisch printet. [English Print, 1781]
Etching 6}4 x i2>£ in.
Many things happen in this composite
picture: 1. Lord North, seated with friends at a
table, points to a globe with a large piece out
of it and wants it for himself and his friends.
2. French sailors dance with joy at the safe
arrival at Brest of a captured English convoy
from St. Eustatius. 3. An American musician
plays for the French sailors. 4. An Englishman
is thrown by the American donkey. 5. The
French cock rides the British unicorn. 6. An
Englishman sits backward on the Spanish
goat. 7. An Englishman sits in a cart drawn by
the Dutch lion, but the lion is turning on him.
CPPS 5839 LC-USZ62-45396
340


79Q

The Gig. Wells del Pub. May 8 1781 by W.
Wells, No 132, Fleet Street, London.
Mixed method 7)4 x 9^ in. (image)
Two British sailors with whips designated
"Rodney" flog a Dutchman sitting in the base
part of a top. The Dutchman says, "Mine
Head be very Giddy indeed." Written on
concentric circles on the top are: "Saba," "St.
Eustatia," "St. Martin," "Demerary," "Isse-
quibo," "Curass." Below "Tune Patriot Fair."
1
Long had the Artful, fly Mynhur,
To fill his Purse from year to year,
Persue'd his Cunning Rig O:
America with France, and Spain,
He underhanded did sustain,
And whipt his money Gig O.
1
For England, who had been his Friend,
And oft had promis'd he'd defend,
He valued not a fig O:
He trifled with each just demand,
And Joind for gain a Rebel band,
And thus kept up his Gig O.
Such Insolence no more to bear,
The English Trumpet sounds to War!
And Vengeance rises big O:
Each Jolly Sailor cries away,
Our pastime let's no more delay,
But whip the Dutchman's Gig O.
Brave Rodney with his hearty bands,
Eustatias Island soon Commands,
Which makes him dance a Jig O:
And all must own he's Acted well,
The double fac'd Mynheer to queil,
By flogging of his Gig O.
My Lads still raise your whips on high,
And all your Numerous Foes defy,
Spain, Holland, or French Prig O:
They soon will sue again for Peace,
Your Glories every day increase,
By flogging of their Gig O.
6
Then every Jolly hearty Soul,
Shall cheerful sing arround the Bowl,
For none we care a fig O:
We'll beat the Dons, we'll humble France,
And make the heavy Dutchman dance,
By flogging of his Gig 0.
When Admiral Rodney learned that the Dutch
had entered the war, he immediately conquered
the Dutch colony of St. Eustatius, which had
been a midway point for military supplies
destined for America. St. Martin, Saba,
Demerara (a part of Issequibo), and "Curass"
(Curacao?) were other Dutch possessions in
the Caribbean area. England looked to its
navy for future victory and prosperity in
these times. LC-USZ62-45476
790
791
The Late auction at st. eustatia. by R
& V 1781. Pub: by E. Hedges N 92.
Cornhill London June 11.
Mixed method 9^ x 13^4 in.
The cartoon represents Admiral Rodney and
General Vaughan selling property and cargoes
after their victory at St. Eustatius on February
3, 1781. Their delay was cited by many as a
reason for the defeat of Cornwallis at York-
town because too many ships remained during
the auction, and some were diverted to carry
341



342


goods back to England. In the following
April La Motte Piquet captured most of
Rodney's convoy to England, and Rodney was
embroiled in litigation over the affair for many
years. CPPS 5842 LC-USZ62-45451
792
The State Nurses. Pub by T. Colley Oct' 1,
1781 High Holborn.
Etching x 10J/& in.
The British lion sleeps in a cradle, while four
dogs representing Spain, France, Holland, and
America bark without waking it. The dog
designated America urinates on a paper
inscribed "tea act" and says, "Independence
and no Taxation." Sandwich and Bute try to
protect the sleeping lion. In the background
George III hunts for stag, and Gibraltar is
under siege. CPPS 5850 LC-USZ62-45452
793
Don Volaseo. The Famous Spanish Partizan.
Pub. by T. Colley Nov. 21. 1781. No. 257, high
Holborn Sold by Cornell Bruton Street Bond
Street.
Etching (hand colored) 9%^ x 13^ in.
A satire caricaturing Burke, who at this
time opposed Admiral Rodney's action at
St. Eustatius. This print accuses Burke of
sympathy with the Spaniards and implies
alliance with the Dutch, French, and
Americans. CPPS 5854 LC-USZ62-45453
Another impression.
794
State Cooks' or The Downfall of the Fish
Kettle. Pubd. Deer. 10. 1781, by W. Wells
No. 132 Fleet Street.
Etching (hand colored) 11^4 x 9 in.
George III has dropped a kettle of fish on the
floor; each fish has the name of a Colony on it.
Lord North commiserates with him. On the


343



794

796
wall is a map of the Colonies. The King says,
"0 Boreas, the Loss of these Fish will ruin us
forever." North in apron says, "My Honored
Liege never Fret. Minden & I will cook 'em
yet." In his pocket is a paper marked "Plan
of Taxes 1782." Minden was a derogatory name
for Lord George Germain who had disgraced
himself at the Battle of Minden. This cartoon
shows a reaction to the British defeat at
Yorktown; news arrived in London on Novem-
ber 25, 1781. CPPS 5855 LC-USZ62-1529
795
[The inhabitants of America—A cartouche]
1746
Etching 6^4 x 9^4 in. (image)
Pictures four Indians around the cartouche;
in the background volcanoes explode. From a
map entitled "Americae Mappa Generalis . . .
Delineata ab Aug. Gottl. Boehmio . . . ." In
Homann, Atlas Geographicvs Maior (Norim-
bergae, 1759-81), no. 136.
796
[A French missionary, a soldier, an Indian, and
a view of Niagara Falls, 1759-81]
Etching x 5^ in. (image)
This continental picture sees the American
West through symbols of its 17th- and early
18th-century history. French missionaries,
noble savages, plenty of beaver, and the
wonderful sight of Niagara Falls are combined
in this cartouche to stir the adventurous heart
of any geographer. From a map entitled
"Ampliffimae regionis Mississipi . . . edita a
Io. Bapt. Homanno . . . ." In Homann, Atlas
Geographicvs Maior (Norimbergae, 1759-81),
no. 139. LC-USZ62-46086
797
[Indians and a bison—map ornament, 1759-
81]
Etching 6 x 4^ in. (image)
344


An Indian man and woman stand near a
bison. An opossum hangs by its tail from the
top border, and a pelican stands in the fore-
ground. On top two Indians pour water,
representing the Mississippi River, from a
cornucopia. From a map entitled "Ampliffimae
regionis Mississipi . . . edita a Io. Bapt.
Homanno . . . ." In Homann, Atlas Geographicvs
Maior (Norimbergae, 1759-81), no. 139.
LC-USZ62-46087
798
[An Indian, a European trader, and items of
commerce 1759-81]
Etching 7>2 x 6l/2 in. (image)
A European and an Indian trade amid items
of commerce—rifles, skins, a saw, jewelry, etc.
A ship's masts rise from behind the cartouche
for this map entitled "Nova Anglia" in
Homann, Atlas Geographicvs Maior (Norim-
bergae, 1759-81), no. 140.
799
[Two Europeans trade with five Indians—a
cartouche, 1759-81]
Etching 11 x 10 in. (image)
The Europeans trade jewelry, clothing, and
barrels for fish from the Indians. From a map
entitled "Virginia Marylandia et Carolina in
America Septentrionali . . . Ioh. Bapt. Ho-
mann." From Homann, Atlas Geographicvs
Maior (Norimbergae, 1759-81), no. 143.
LC-USZ62-46088

800
[Two American Indians—a cartouche] 1781
Etching 2 x 2 in. (image)
Indians with grass skirts and feathered head
gear decorate a map entitled "l'Amerique
Septentrionale Divisee en ses Principaux Etats"
in Laporte, Atlas Moderne Portatif (Paris,
1781), no. 23.

345



8oi
Another impression. In Laporte,
Atlas ou Collection de Cartes Geographiques . . .
(Paris, 1787), no. 23.
801
Martial Motions or Military Manouevres.
Prudence. Hear the words of prudence, give
heed unto her counsels, and store them in thine
heart; her maxims are universal, and all the
virtues lean upon her: she is the guide and
mistress of human life. Printed for & Sold by
Carington Bowles, at his Map & Print
Warehouse, No. 69 in St. Pauls Church Yard
London. Published as the Act directs 13 Apr.
1781.
Etching 17^ x 13^ in.
This poster, expounding the prudence of en-
listment, was used for recruiting soldiers in the
war with France. Rhymed verses accompany
pictures of British soldiers: "This soldier neer
shams, but his charge he well rams." A short
dialog says, "Will you enter my Lads am
fight for the Crown? That we will noble Serjeant
and knock the French down." The bottom
block has a soldier's name and date of enlist-
ment in handwriting, "John Coombs junr.
October 26, 1785." This poster was also used to
recruit men for the war in the Colonies. Eng-
lishmen found more appeal in fighting the
traditional enemies on the continent than in
fighting the American colonists.
LC-USZ62-30533
802
[Yorktown] No. 2. [1781]
Mixed method %}4 x 11 in.
A Dutch print, sequel to item 781. An ema-
ciated cow representing British commerce
grazes on thistles representing the Scottish in-
fluences. Men representing France, Spain, and
Holland have milked the cow. In the fore-
ground John Bull kneels in prayer, while rats
gnaw banknotes from a coffer, and the British



lion howls because he hurt his foot on a broken
tea pot. In the background the surrender at
Yorktown is represented by four Englishmen
humbly approaching an American Indian who
sits on a throne surrounded by Justice, Mars,
and Hercules. At America's feet lie broken
shackles and paddles, and in front of the throne
a liberty cap rests on a lance. Another Indian
prepares barrels for shipping to "Marseille,
Nantes, Kadix." Out at sea Howe's flagship
Eagle has sunk, while the French fleet sails.
CPPS 5859 LC-USZ62-17285


8o3

John Bulls Alternative. [Pub. M. Darly?
1781]
Etching 6yi x 9 in.
John Bull with a noose around his neck
stands on a rock. A Frenchman offers him a
leek across a body of water. Probably refers to
the alternative after Yorktown. CPPS 5860
LC-USZ62-45454
804
[A worried cherub holds a dove up to kiss an-
other dove, 1781]
Woodcut 1 y$ x 2 in. (image)
An allegorical book ornament from Hilliard
d'Auberteuil, Essais Historiques (1781-82), p.
294. Refers to the hopes for reconciliation
between the belligerents. LC-USZ62-45414
805
[A steaming urn about to explode—a book
ornament, 1781]
Woodcut x 2 in. (image)
Found in Hilliard d'Auberteuil, Essais His-
toriques (1781-82), p. x. Steaming tea pots and
smoking bombs were often symbols of this war.
See other allegories such as "The Tea-Tax-
Tempest" (item 738) and "Orage Cause par
l'impot sur le the en Amerique" (item 739).
LC-USZ62-45413
806
General Oglethorpe Publish'd as the Act
Directs Jy. 13th. 1781. C.B. [Bretherton] Junr.
Etching 3^5 x 3 ^4 in.
James Edward Oglethorpe (1696—1785) was
best known as a philanthropist who founded
Georgia in 1732 and as a general who defeated
the Spanish in the battle at Ft. Frederica in the
spring of 1742. At the time of this print he was
an octogenarian, familiar with the London
348


literati. He joined Burke and Boswell in argu-
ing against Samuel Johnson's Tory views on
the American war, and throughout the troubles
with America, he strove to acquire the full
rights of British citizens for Americans. At the
news of Cornwallis' defeat at Yorktown he was
discreetly quiet for a change. CPPS 5880
LC-USZ62-45455
807
The Coffee-House Patriots; or News,
from St. Eustatia. H. Bunbury Esqr. Delint.
W. Dickinson Excudt. London. Publish'd
Octr. 15: 1781; by W. Dickinson No. 158 New
Bond Street
Stipple I2^i x 14^ in.
Englishmen are amazed by the British vic-
tory at St. Eustatius. Many British merchants
had used the port for trading with the enemy,
and this print satirizes the lack of universal joy
on the occasion. CPPS 5923 LC-USZ62-20401
808
[Cherubs imitate the times—title page orna-
ment] J. Buys, inv. Reinr. Vinkeles, sculp. 1782
Mixed method 3^4 x 3^4 in. (image)
Three cherubs imitate Mercury, Neptune,
and Liberty by holding their symbols. They
stand around a monument with a globe on top
and two inscriptions—one is draped in foliage
reading, "Fides Mutua," and the other shows
two clasped hands protruding from clouds hold-
ing two banners which read, "Concordia Res
Parvae Crescunt" and "Qui Transtulit, Susti-
net." On the ground are a scroll, a plaque,
fasces, a tied bundle, and a cornucopia. From
Loosjes, Gedenkzuil, ter Gelegenheid der Vry-
Verklaaring van Noord-America (Amsterdam,
1782), title page.
809
The Royal Hunt, or a Prospect of the Year
1782. South Briton fecit North Briton invt.

349



Published according to Act of Parliament by
R. Owen, in Fleet Street to Feby. 16th. 1782.
Mixed method 8^2 x 12^ in. (image)
Lord Sandwich between two courtesans
carouses with North, Rigby, Amherst, and
Germain. Looking on with disapproval are
William Pitt (the younger), Fox, Burke, and
Richmond; they point to a scene where a
Frenchman, an American Indian, a Dutchman,
and a Spaniard are pulling the pillars out from
under the British Empire. Pillars representing
"America," "Rhode Island," "Eustatius,"
"Tobago," "Martinique," "St. Vincents,"
"Grenadoes," and "Charles Town" are already
810
fallen, while "Gibraltar," "Minorca,"
"Jamaica-Barbadoes" still stand. In the back-
ground George III hunts for stag, and a fleet
of ships under sail attacks some unused ships.
England could not mount a new offensive in
America, and her resources were strained
elsewhere. Although this cartoon shows in-
350



812
Etching %y2 x iiyi in. (image)
A rattlesnake, coiled around two British
armies representing those of Burgoyne and
Cornwallis, says, "Two British Armies I have
thus Burgoyn'd And room for more I've got
behind." On his tail is a sign reading, "An
Apartment to lett for Military Gentlemen."
Below some verse:
Britons within the Yankeean Plains,
Mind how ye March & Trench,
The Serpent in the Congress reigns,
As well as in the French.
CPPS 5973 LC-USZ62-1531
813
The Political Mirror or an Exhibition of
Ministers for April 1782. Razo Rezio inv.
Crunk Fogo sculp.
Mixed method 5f£ x 9 in- (image)
The old ministers are driven into hell by the
new ministers: Thurlow, Conway, Camden,
Barre, Burke, Richmond, Rockingham, Fox,
Wilkes, and Byng. Each makes a statement
about his opposition in the past years, and
General Conway says, "Your war in America
I always condemned." This statement refers to
his resolutions of February 22 for treating with
the Americans and of February 27 for showing
conquest to be impossible. The old ministers
are Sandwich, Rigby, North, Mansfield, and
Germain. Two devils welcome them to the pit.
One holds a bottle to tempt Sandwich, and
another grabs Germain. Above the two parties
a winged angel flies with "The Mirror of
Truth" to chase the old ministers away. Flee-
ing the scene is Bute riding on the back of a
witch. CPPS 5982 LC-USZ62-45457
Another impression. In The West-
minster Magazine, April 1782, p. 178.
814
War of Posts T. Colley Feet. Pubd. by W.
Richardson N.68 High Holborn London May
1, 1782.
Mixed method 9^4 x 13^ in.
The new Ministry riding on posts as hobby
horses, while the devil drives the old Ministry
into hell. The new Ministry members are
Pitt, Keppel, Conway, Burke, Fox, and Rich-
mond. Old members are Nick, Sandwich, Am-
herst, North, and Mansfield. In the background
a scaffold supports three hanging Secretaries of
State: Stormont a Scot, Hillsborough an Irish
peer, and George Germain of the Colonies. To
the left of the Temple marked "Constitution"
an American is giving another figure (probably
John Bull) "Thirteen Stripes" with a lash.
CPPS 5984 LC-USZ62-46093
815
Paradice Lost. Publish'd May 10: 1782, by
T.B. Freeman Strand.
Etching 9 x 13X in- (image)
Fox with a bunch of switches drives four of
the old ministers out of the government. The
figures are Bute, North, and probably Sand-
wich, Shelburne, or Germain. In the foreground
a snake similar to the American rattlesnake in
item 812 (CPPS 5973) looks on, while in the
background a group of citizens enjoy the spec-
tacle. LC-USZ62-45475
352



353



354



356



357


817a

8i8
The Surrender of Government Castle, in
March 1782, to the late besieging Minority.
[Pubd according to Act of Parliament by J.
Barrow, May ye 10th 1782. Sold by E. Rich,
at the little Print Shop opposite Anderton's
Coffee House Fleet Street.]
Mixed method gpi x 13^ in. (image)
The old ministers walk out of George Ill's
castle, while the new ministers enter in the
manner of a military victory procession. George
III leans out of the castle and calls to his de-
parting ministers, "To lose you Sirs, concerns
me more Than all I lost by you before." Among
the old ministers identified are Amherst, North,
Germain, Markham, Mansfield, and Sandwich.
A group of gentlemen watch the old Ministry
leave and regret their loss. In the foreground,
right, a crowd of commoners shout "General
Conway for ever," "Fox for ever," and "Kep-
pel for ever." The only identified member of the
new Ministry is Keppel who says, "We must
watch the Combin'd Fleets like a Hawke."
Another says, "I hope we shall reconcile
America." CPPS 5986 LC-USZ62-45459
818
Britania's Assassination, or The Re-
publican Amusement. [Gillray] Pubd. May
10th. 1782. by E. D'Archery St James Street.
Etching 10 x 14^ in.
Members of the new Ministry, Fox (as a fox),
Wilkes, Dunning, Richmond, Burke, and Kep-
pel, dismantle a statue of Britannia. Thurlow
and Mansfield attempt to keep the new minis-
ters away by holding them within a rope. They
represent the judiciary and the hope that the
constitution and the laws will restrain Republi-
can excesses. An American Indian, a French-
man, a Spaniard, and a Dutchman run off with
parts of the statue. CPPS 5987
LC-USZ62-45460
358


819
Anticipation; or, the Contrast to the Royal
Hunt. Publish'd May 16th. 1782. by Wm.
Wells No 132 (opposite Salisbury Court) Fleet
Street London. Britons fact.
Mixed method 8^ x 13^ in. (image)
A sequel to item 809 depicts the new Minis-
try restoring the British Empire, represented
here by "the Temple of Fame." Conway sets
the pillar "America" aright. "Charles Town"
and "St. Vincents" are set aright also. "Eu-
statius" and "Rhode Island" are still on the
ground, and "Tobago" is in place but not
quite finished. "Gibraltar" and "Jamaica
Barbadoes" still support the temple. Britannia
holds an olive branch in the right foreground.
Beside the temple an American Indian holding
an olive branch is protected by a naval officer
holding an olive branch and waving his sword
at a kneeling Dutchman, while a Spaniard and
Frenchman flee. Sir Guy Carleton shoots down
an eagle from a window in the temple, and the
eagle falls on the fleeing Frenchman. Sandwich
is pictured as a balladsinger and North as a
laundrywoman. Lord Rockingham plays oculist
to George III, removing a film from his eyes.
This action results in the King selling his hunt-
ing regalia and returning to matters of state.
Lord Hertford is reluctant to surrender his keys
of office, and Germain runs to him for sym-
pathy. CPPS 5988 LC-USZ62-45461
820
The Reconciliation between Britania and
her daughter America. Pub by T. Colley No. 5
Acorn Court Rolls Buildings Fetter Lane Old
England Pub by W Richardson May 11, 1782
N. 68 High Holborn.
Etching 8^ x m- 0mage)
An American Indian with staff and liberty
cap rushes to the arms of Britannia, while a
Spaniard and a Frenchman try to pull America

359



360


away. A Dutchman looks on saying, "I'll del-
liberate a little, to see which is weakest then
I'll give you a direct answer Kate Russia." Fox
and Keppel comment that the continental
enemy should be punished. The artist of this
cartoon seems uninformed about recent events.
A chance for reconciliation between England
and her former Colonies was very remote. The
Dutchman could not consult with Catherine of
Russia about participation in the Armed Neu-
trality League or the alliance with Spain and
France because Holland and Britain were al-
ready at war. Beneath the print is a short
poem:
i
A curse upon all Artifice
May Briton never thrive
While Roguish Minis—rs they keep
to Eat them up alive
By Lots they sell oh Dam—em Well
Each place we put our trust in
4.
Cut them off short twill make good sport
Whilst honest men are thrust in.
CPPS 5989 LC-USZ62-1532
821
The British Lion engaging Four Powers.
Pubd. by J. Barrow June 14th. 1782. Sold by
Richardson Print Seller, N.68 High Holborn.
Etching 9 x 14^ in.
The British lion faces a spaniel (Spain), a
fighting cock (France), a rattlesnake (America),
and a pug dog (Holland). From the corner
nearest the lion a fox representing Charles Fox
says, "I counsel your Majesty to give Monsieur
the first gripe." Below a verse:
Behold the Dutch and Spanish Currs,
Perfidious Gallus in his Spurs.
And Rattlesnake with head upright,
The British Lion join to fight;
He scorns the Bark, the Hiss, the Crow,
That he's a Lion soon they'll know.

The spaniel says, "I will have Gibralter, that I
may be King of all Spain." The cock says, "I
will have my Title from you and be call'd King
of France." The snake "will have America and
be Independent" while the pug "will be Jack
of all sides as I have always been." CPPS 6004
LC-USZ62-1533
822
The State Cooks Making Peace Por-
ridge. Pubd. July 6th. 1782 by E. Hedges No
92 Cornhill.
Mixed method 9^4 x 13^ in.
Keppel, Fox, Conway, perhaps Shelburne,
and Richmond assemble a porridge of peace to
offer the allies. An American Indian, a fat
Dutchman, a skinny Frenchman, and a Spanish
cavalier all avoid the offering. The American is
closest to accepting but insists that his allies
accompany him. The Dutchman has thrown
his away, and the Frenchman says it is not
good. The Spaniard will not consider it until he
has Gibraltar. Below is a verse:
The State Cooks a making Peace Porridge are
found
Which they hand to our different Enimies round.
But they all seem averse, and will not hear Reason
And swear that it wants more Ingredients & Season,
Ah! what can the Cooks do in such a hard case?
If such folks will not eat tho! F-x has said grace.
Why give them what obstinate Children deserve
Beat them well, & if they wont eat it then let em
Starve.
The new Ministry was faced with many
dilemmas in its efforts to secure peace. It
wanted to treat with America separately, but
America had agreed to consult with the allies.
Spain wished to continue the war until Gibral-
tar was hers, and thus America and France had
361



823
ruption." Concurrent with an end to the old
Ministry and the end of hostilities in America,
a large amount of literature concerning minis-
terial corruption and savage war tactics
emerged in England. This cartoon is one of
many which condemned the North Govern-
ment. On Indian atrocities, see items 725 and
764. CPPS 6024 LC-USZ62-1537
824
The Habeas Corpus, or The Wild Geese flying
away with Fox to America. No: 9 Pubd. by
J. Barrow August. 27. 1782. No: 84 Dorset
Street, Salisbury Court Fleet Street.
Etching (hand colored) 9^ x 13^ in.
Seven geese fly Charles Fox, represented by
a fox, to America because he favored recogni-
tion of America. The fox says, "I hope they will
bear me safe to the dear Independent Con-
gress." The Geese say: "To America he shall go
for his heart is there," "My advice is to drop
him in the Atlantic," "He is fitter to sit in Con-
gress than in a British Parliament," "He bids
fairer now to be the man in the moon than The
363



364


Man of the People," "How jovial he will be
with Congress," "Let us pity him tho' he is a
Fox in form he is a great Goose in Policy," and
"We should have done this seven years ago."
CPPS 6029 LC-USZ62-153 5
825
Prince Stadhold-r Resuming his Delibera-
tion. Pub. by T. Colley Oct 24. 1782 London.
Etching (hand colored) 7^ x 6 in.
A British caricature of the problems beset-
ting William V of Holland shows an ignorant-
looking, fat man with empty pockets, holding a
sword by the blade. Voices and messages tell
him that the war is going badly for him, and
one paper says that "America can't pay her
Debts." CPPS 6038 LC-USZ62-45462
826
The American Rattlesnake presenting Mon-
sieur his Ally a Dish of Frogs. No 10. Pubd by
J Barrow. Novr. 8. 1782. N 84 Dorset Street,
Salisbury Court, Fleet Street.
Etching 9^ x 14^ in.
A plea to separate America and France, this
print shows the American rattlesnake saying to
a Frenchman, "Monsieur be pleas'd to accept
the Frogs I just have kill'd them in the Bogs."
Below a poem:
0 Britons be wise
And part these Allies,
Or drive them both into the Bogs;
1 think it is fit
They both should submit
To Old England, or live upon Frogs.
N.B. The Rattlesnake is a Character chosen by America.
CPPS 6039 LC-USZ62-1536
827
Wonders Wonders Wonders & Wonders.
Dedicated to the Wonderfull Wonderfull Won-
derer. Publish'd as the Act directs Novr. 9 1782
by I Langham print.

Etching (hand colored) 8^ x 14^ in. (image)
Enemies stand improbably conversing to-
gether: Fox between Shelburne and Denbigh
in the center, Britannia and America, Wilkes
and George III, Richmond and Bate, Palliser
and Keppel. An early impression of CPPS 6162.
A later impression of the previous
engraving. Dialog by the characters is filled
in, and the imprint reads, "Sold by W Hum-
phrey, 1783." Britannia says to America,
"Come, Come, shake hands, and lets be
Friends." The reply, "With all my Heart, I've
gain'd my Ends." CPPS 6162
LC-USZ62-45466
828
Labour in Vain or let them tug & be Da nd.
Pub. by W. Richardson Novr 27. 1782 near
365




Surry Street Strand. Pub as the Act directs
Nov: 27. 1782 by T. Colley. London.
Etching y}4 x 13^ in. (image)
A tug of war in which a British sailor, Britan-
nia, the English lion, and Neptune laugh at the
four allies. An American Indian woman, a
skinny Frenchman, a Spanish cavalier, and a
fat Dutchman try to pull their lands toward
England across a body of water. Below the pic-
ture a poem:
Four Foes to old England have Wickedly Join'd
To run with old England Away
Old Neptune declares it is not to his mind
And Brittania cries Stay you fools Stay.
You may tug, & may tug, & strive all that you can
And put your selves into great pain
While Freedom & Honour is fixt on our Plan
You will find it all Labour in Vain
Admiral Elliot had smashed the Spanish float-
ing batteries at Gibraltar on September 13,
1782, and on October 14th, Admiral Howe ran
the blockade and reinforced the garrison. The
Spaniards lost all desire to continue the fight,
and therefore the allies were all anxious to treat
with England. CPPS 6040 LC-USZ62-34865
829
The Shell-born Jes t. Ignatius Loyola Invt,
Pubd, Deer. 18th, 1782.
Line engraving 7^ x 5^ in.
On December 13, 1782, Shelburne refused to
define the status of the former Colonies as
stated in the treaty with America. He stands
in monk's robes (thus the pun on jes t,
Jesuit), and in the background the setting sun
is labeled "Poor Old England." CPPS 6045
LC-USZ6 2-4 5463
Another impression (poorly hand
colored).
828 829
830
The Belligerent Plenipo's. T: Colley, Feet:
Pub by W Richardson N68 High Holborn.
Deer. 8, 1782 as the Act Directs.
Mixed method (hand colored) 8}4 x 12^4 in.
(image)
Representatives of the five countries stand
on five islands in the sea. George III with
pieces of anatomy from his European rivals
says, "I give them Independence." France with
an arm missing says, "I must have Canada and
Grenada for my Arm," a fat Dutchman says,
"I insist on Eustatia & Ceylon for my foot,"
and a Spaniard says, "By Saint Anthony I
must have Gibraltar for my Leg." An American
Indian woman with staff, flag, liberty cap, and
half of George Ill's crown stands on an island
with pine trees smiling because "I have got all
I wanted Empire!" CPPS 6051
LC-USZ62-1538 is the negative number for
black-and-white prints.
366



367






O^anJe Zee 'Hujten irde 3oJhtr
Staaten Hoek«C.ie SaJ
Geemetra. .
t Amsterdam . ^
hek en Ze&Xaart yerfojxr aaadg ffleme
inJe CckroonJU heats man..
met PririUjte mtirjjt tmtw
T)urtf:he Ayitn tf taeen OraaJlr
_i 2f r i\ i 4 1 ^ 1 "\
SpaanfiheMrfen mitt ten, &raaic
i h1 i ft , £Li i *\ i fi

*J5
368


83i
The Thunderer. [Pubd Augt 20th 1782 by Eh
D'Achery St. James Street.]
Etching (hand colored) 12^ x 9 in. (image)
Col. Banastre Tarleton brags to the Prince
of Wales about his war exploits in front of a
bawdy house. CPPS 6116 LC-USZ62-45464
832
[An allegory describing America—a cartouche,
1782]
Etching 5 x 11 in. (image)
An American Indian watches an approaching
ship. On a map of the West Indies in Voogt,
De Nieuwe Groote Lichtende Zee-Fakkel (Am-
sterdam, 1782), no. 28. LC-USZ62-46082
833
[Two American Indians—a cartouche, 1782]
Etching 4^ x 7 in. (image)
Two American Indians lean on a cartouche
of a map of the Carolina shores in Voogt, De
Nieuwe Groote Lichtende Zee-Fakkel (Amster-
dam, 1782), no. 33.
834
[Two American Indians—a cartouche, 1782]
Etching 4 x 6}4 in. (image)
Two Indians lean on a cartouche of a map of
the Virginia coast in Voogt, De Nieuwe Groote
Lichtende Zee-Fakkel (Amsterdam, 1782), no.
34. The man holds a banner, and the woman
holds a parrot and an anchor.
835
[An American Indian with harpoon and two
Indians with a European—a cartouche, 1782]
Etching 5 x 6^ in. (image)
A white man converses with two Indians un-
der a palm tree, and a larger figure of an Indian
with bow, arrows, and a feathered headdress

836
faces right on a map of "Niew Engeland" in
Voogt, De Nieuwe Groote Lichtende Zee-Fakkel
(Amsterdam, 1782), no. 37. LC-USZ62-46083
836
[Indians and white men working together—a
cartouche, 1782]
Etching 3 x 8 in. (image)
Two men work to secure a crate, and two
others exchange money for goods. On a scale
of distance used for a map entitled "Pas Caarte
vande Noorder Zee culten van America" in
Voogt, De Nieuwe Groote Lichtende Zee-Fakkel
(Amsterdam, 1782), no. 42. LC-USZ62-46084
837
[Men hunting bears—a cartouche, 1782]
Etching 5 x 6 in. (image)
A man in furs with bow and arrow shoots a
big bear with cubs. Two others with harpoons
look around the cartouche of a map entitled
"Pas Caarte vande Noorder Zee culten van
America" in Voogt, De Nieuwe Groote Lichtende
Zee-Fakkel (Amsterdam, 1782), no. 42.

[Scene from the West Indies—a cartouche,
Gerard Hulst van Keulen, 1782]
Etching 7^2 x 7^ in. (image)
369


841
l'AnGLAIS CORRIGE COMME UN ENFANT. I.
l'Anglais recevant la Correction de l'Ameri-
quain, 2. demande grace a main jointe tendis
qu'un Espagnol 3. lui tient la chemise un Fran-
cais 4. se tenant le ventre a deux mains
s'etouffe de rire 5. l'Hollandois se reposent
tranquilement sur son commerce narque l'Ang-
lois en lui montrant les cornes. [178?]
Etching (hand colored) S}4 x io}{ in.
An American whips the naked buttocks of a
fat Englishman with two bundles of switches,
while a Frenchman, a Spaniard, and a Dutch-
man look on. LC-USZ62-17286
842
The Monument of Major Andre. Published as
the Act directs by S A Cumberlege Jany: 1st:
1783 [1782]
Line engraving x 4^ in. (image)
On top of the sepulcher Britannia weeps. On
the sarcophagus a tableau portrays the capture
of Andre and a messenger taking the note to
Washington. From The Universal Magazine,
December 1782, p. 329. LC-USZ62-45196
843
[An allegory of America at the close of War—a
cartouche] Publish'd as the Act directs 2 Jan
1783]
Mixed method 14 x 12 in. (image)
America, in the attire of a goddess, looks at a
youth. They are surrounded by scenes of
American activity at the time: fishing, lumber-
ing, weaving, domestic industries, and by many
wild animals. From a map entitled "Bowles's
New Map of North America and the West
Indies, Exhibiting the British Empire therein
with the Limits and Boundaries of the United
States as also the Dominions Possessed in that
Quarter by the Spaniards, the French & other
European States . . . 1783" in G&M.
LC-USZ62-46072

37i


844


The General P s, or Peace. Pubd by J. Bar-
row Jany 16th 1783 White Lion Bull Stairs
Surry Side Black Friars Bridge.
Etching (hand colored) 8^ x 8>£ in- (image)
Five men urinate in a large pot. From left to
right, an Englishman who says, "Say what they
will, I call this an honourable p ," a Dutch-
man, an American Indian who says, "I call
this a free and Independent P ," a Span-
iard, and a Frenchman who says, "Jack Eng-
lish we confess your exceeding good nature,
Tho' we have wrangled you out of America you
freely make P , with us." On the ground
before the group lie five swords, two drums,
and the respective flags of each country. Below
some verse:
Come all who love friendship, and wonder and see,
The belligerent powers, like good neighbours agree,
A little time past Sirs, who would have thought this,
That they'd so soon come to a general P?
The wise politicians who differ in thought,
Will fret at this friendship, and call it to nought,
And blades that love war will be storming at this,
But storm as they will, it's a general P .
A hundred hard millions in war we have spent,
And America lost by all patriots consent,
Yet let us be quiet, nor any one hiss,
But rejoice at this hearty and general P .
Tis vain for to fret or growl at our lot,
You see they're determin'd to fill us a pot,
So now my brave Britons excuse me in this,
That I for a Peace am oblig'd to write Piss.
LC-USZ62-1548
845
L d Shel , begging Monsieur to make
Piss or P e. Pubd. by J Barrow Jany. 21,
1783. White Lion Bull Stairs Surry Side Black
Friars Bridge.
Etching 6 x S}4 in. (image)
Shelburne holds a chamber pot and asks a
Frenchman, "Monsieur, be so obliging as to
make piss with us." The cartoonist does not



John Bull or an Englishman and his servant
offer bowls of porridge to be shared in the
peace. An American Indian woman says, "I rest
Contented with a dish of Independant Soup."
England says, "My loss is your gain for my
Soup if very Thin," to which France replies
"By gar John English has well Crumb'd my
dish," and a Spaniard says, "My peace soup
is made very good by Stewing down Minorca &
the Floridas." The typically fat Dutchman
says, "I will not taste it yet as it is not relish'd
to my mind." Below are some verses:
SONG Tune. Roast Beef of Old England
The Frenchman & Spaniard are both Cock a hoop
With America too they have got such rich Soup
Yet a Blow or two more might have made them
all Stoop.
O' the rare Soup & the Cooks boys
And O' the rare Cooks & the Soup
2
Their dishes, well crumb'd they have reason to
Boast
The France & America have got the most
But England finds hers very thin to her cost
O' the rare Soup &c
3
The Dutchman seems glouty, & is not in haste
The full flowing dish that's presented to taste
Let him sulk as he will he must take it at last
O' the rare Soup & the Cooks &c
4
Belona has Smooth'd for the present her front
No longer in Blood & in dangers we hunt
Some are sorry—but many are very glad on't
O' the rare Soup &c
5.
Now plenty 'tis hop'd will return once again
And Commerce her sails widely Spread o'er the
main
While Joy shall revisit each Nymp, & each Swain
O' the rare Soup &c
6
The things have gone Cross for a long time
Confest
Yet now to lament, is no more than a Jest
But as well as we can out of Bad make the best.
O' the rare Soup &c
CPPS 6172 LC-USZ62-1541
374


848
A Political Concert; the Vocal parts By i.
Miss America, 1. Franklin, 3. F_x, 4. Kepp ll,
5. Mrs. Britania, 6. Shelb n, 7. Dunj g, 8.
Benidick Rattle Snake. Colley Ingrad. Pub by
W Richardson Feb: 18, 1783 near Surry St:
Strand.
Line engraving 9^4 x 14 in.
America, as an Indian woman, and Britannia
hold a pole with liberty cap atop; they sing:
"Oh give me death or liberty, O give me &c."
and "Brittons never, shall be Slaves" respec-
tively. Franklin sings, "We'll return it untainted
to heaven . . .," and Fox says, "Give peace
America with you & war with all the World."
Keppel sings, "Then a cruising we will go . . ."
and Shelburne, "Oh what a charming thing a
battle, Oh &c &c." Dunning sings ". . . Oh
what a Charming thing a Battle," and a
snake sings, "Blood and plunder oh what a
Charming thing a Battle." The snake repre-
sents Major Andre who joins in the chorus to
remind those people favoring peace and inde-
pendence for America that he died to preserve
England's Colonies. Behind him is a crest with
a ribbon reading, "Benidick Rattle Snakes
Arms" over a picture of a devil playing a fiddle
while sitting on top of a gallows. This protest
against Shelburne's peace objects to the traitor
Arnold retiring to England after hostilities
when the hero Andre is dead. CPPS 6173
LC-USZ62-1542
849
Blessed are the peacemakers. Pub. by E
Dachery Feby. 24 1783 St. James Street.
Etching x 13^4 in.
A Spaniard and a Frenchman lead George
III and Shelburne up a hill to a house marked
"Inquisition." A lean and lank-haired Yankee
whips the Englishman with a scourge having
13 tails; he has captured a fat, surly Dutch-
man. CPPS 6174 LC-USZ62-45467


375


850

The savages let loose, or The Cruel fate of
the loyalists. Sold by W. Humphrey No. 227
Strand, [March 1783]
Mixed method 9^4 x 13^ in.
Three American Indians, representing Amer-
ica, murder six loyalists. Above the loyalists
hanging from a tree is inscribed "Recommended
to Congress by Lord S e." which blames
Shelburne for abandoning the loyalists to their
fate. Below the print a couplet:
Is this a Peace, when Loyalists must bleed?
It is a Bloody Piece of work indeed.
CPPS 6182 LC-USZ62-1540
851
The tea-tax-tempest, or old time with his
magick-lanthern. Pubd. March 12, 1783. by
W. Humphreys. N 227 Strand.
Mixed method 9^ x 12H m-
A smaller version of CPPS 5490 and 5491.
The most significant addition is the monolog
given by Time who says:
There you see the little Hot Spit Fire Tea pot
that has done all The Mischief—There you see
the Old British Lion basking before the Ameri-
can Bon Fire whilst the French Cock is blowing
up a Storm About his Ears to Destroy him and
his young Welpes—There you See Miss Amer-
ica grasping at the Cap of Liberty—There you
see The British Forces be yok'd and be cramp'd
flying before the Congress Men—There you
see the thirteen Stripes and Rattlesnake ex-
alted—There you see the Stamp'd Paper help
to Make the Pot Boil—There you see &, &, &.
CPPS 6190 LC-USZ62-1543
852
Mrs. General Washington, Bestowing thirteen
Stripes on Britania. [March 1783]
Mixed method 6^4 x 4 in.


854
An Analysis of Modern Patriotism Per-
formed by Public Opinion & displayed by
Public indignation. PH [erased] AW Set. Pubd.
Accorg to Act, Aprill ye 9 1783 by T Cornell
Print Seller Bruton Street.
Etching (hand colored) 12)4 x 9^ in.
Two pictures contrasting the works of Fox in
and out of office. In office he supports the King,
taxes, and the war with America; out of office
he supports the populus action in Commons
and condemns North's taxes and war with
America. CPPS 6207 LC-USZ62-45469
855
The times, Anno. 1783. Pubd. Aprl. 14th 1783.
by W. Humphrey, No. 227 Strand.
Etching (hand colored) 10 x 14 in.
John Bull throws up his hands saying, '"Tis
lost! Irrevocably lost!" as the Devil flies away
with a map designated "America." The Devil
passes a gas which says, "Poor John Bull! Ha!
Ha! Ha!" A Frenchman approaches Britain
saying, "Ah, Ah, me Lord Angla, volez vous
une pince de Snuff for de Diable will not give
you back de Amerique." A fat Dutchman and a
Spaniard watch the other two and military
action at Gibraltar saying, "De Donder take
you Monsieur, I think I have paid the Piper,"
and Spain says, "See Gibraltar! see Don Lan-
gara! by St. Anthony you have made me the
Laughing Stock of Europe." CPPS 6210
LC-USZ62-1544
856
The Blessings of Peace. Publish'd according
to Act of Parliament, by M. Smith in Fleet
Street. April 16th. 1783.
Mixed method io)4 x 13^ in. (image)
George III confers with Fox, Richmond,
Shelburne, Burke, Thurlow, Mansfield, Sheri-
dan, North, Pitt, Nugent, Keppel, Ashbur-
ton, and Amherst about the state of the nation

379



38o


in 1783. In the background to the right sailors
are rioting. Across a body of water designated
"Atlantic," America, dressed as an Indian
woman, receives the hands of Spain and France,
while Franklin crowns her. A pug dog represent-
ing Holland sits nearby. Far in the distance
England's sun is setting behind mountains. A
quotation below the picture describes the feel-
ings of the times:
Alas poor Country, almost afraid to know itself.—Macbeth
CPPS 6212 LC-USZ62-1545
857
Amusement for John Bull & his Cousin
Paddy, or, the Gambols of the American Buf-
falo, in St. James's Street. Published 1st. May
1783, by I. Fielding, Pater-noster Row.
Mixed method 3^ x 6 in. (image)
A large buffalo, representing America, has
created havoc on St. James Street. A woman
peddler has fallen over and dropped fish and
bread on the street, and English ministers rush
to grab the goods. The ministers are Portland,
Cavandish, North, Fox, Thurlow, Keppel,
Shelburne, and Thomas Pitt (1737-1793) or
possibly William Pitt. Fox recognizes the cause
of the disturbance and says, "This American
Buffalo, has occasioned glorious sport
Shelburne claims that he will "share what I get
among the Loyalists" in America. George III
watches the entire scene and smiles. CPPS 6223
LC-USZ62-1546
858
The [ass]-headed and [cow-heart]-ed Ministry
making the British [lion] give up the Pull.
Pubd. by J. Barrow May 8 1783 White Lion
Bull Stairs Side Black Friars Bridge.
Etching 9^2 x 16 in.
A tug of war between the British lion and
four animals: Spain (a spaniel), France (a
cock), America (a rattlesnake), and Holland

38i




ivc up the Pu 11
tj ■ MS I ■ . ■ #j<4» i « j
.Led Miniftry makingthe Britifh
'JltiifJ&rtz. udcJWmeL fora ,Ji»tmria{, oftAc Jtrcnytk of tMJdritl^ §<msUh*^ mithfcrur(Jdrvcrv:ana'-alio totruly rtfvrejentf a^Hof'frantic,J>yiA*sljc<d(7krii7t4,njtw
rvhen, they had tirrungtul "thcrfnjteCtKJ rrtto ^Ovrutftry, fturuJLthcmjtjtocJ irvtircfy vncapailt, of the Jarhft^n/rtfart- vory Juddvnly made, vtr-y fm^rvtlwMt^ (^envcefj u>nj to U^xvnc^fio cfxtairt a.
tfhtcz., to tht great J/tiortifictttitm. of (A) cry -true Mr Hon, I tlx tj&ritijh o£W uviru/ rrtfuU Jtrvn/ft/i and had juJt o&toini^ Jorru-jpfarunuf itictcrricj ov-or the Jft&ncA and Jfuzmyiu>rcL}. )
Jhuj Sy «- aAj-poridvnjy ^A^ini^try earnerica j/o^ ^ruibpxmdt-ruc.y, crrxdf frYa^na^ aetUvvri!^ aM- nor p&rfictieoncLs.
382


(a pug dog). The lion is holding his own, but
four ministers with ass heads discourage the
pull by alluding to problems with each enemy.
One alluding to America says, "He shall neither
ramble nor roar in America, to disturb Con-
gress; he shall only stand on the Defensive."
The American rattlesnake says, "The ha-
rangues of the British Patriots help me more
to Independency than 40000 Men." The mud
pit between the contestants is called "The Pit
of ruin." The Russian double eagle says with
one head to the allies, "I am an armed Neu-
tral," and with the other head to the ministers,
"Gratitude oft prompt me on to help thee, yet
I refrain'd." The British lion recites a poem to
the ministers—
My honour'd Sirs, who me pretend to lead,
Tis plain the office does not sute your head.
Your hearts like mine all dangers should engage,
The more my foes, the more enflam'd I rage.
Who leads a Lion, should himself be bold,
But you are Dastards, and it shall be told.
By France I'm injured, yet you ask them peace,
What shall I call you? puppies, sheep, or geese?
To know you're such, go ask each British Tar,
Which would a Frenchman ask to end a war.
O'er the Atlantic, in the martial field,
You held me in, and now you make me yield;
And tho' I'm able to maintain my State,
I fall by Goose-caps, and by Fox's prate.
I want the brave to lead me on to fight,
To scorn a Peace, till I have all my right,
But you're scarce fit to lead me out to sh—
How hard my fate that such should me control,
Who realy are without a British Soul,
For ever blush, for all the wise can see,
You are but Asses and make one of me.
CPPS 6229 LC-USZ62-1547
859
"Oh fly," cries Peace, the Soul of Social Life.
Stothard del. [Thomas?] Cook sculp. [July
1783]
Mixed method SlA x 3H in-
Assisted by a dark featured man with hydra-
like hair, a youth approaches a pyramid with
the names Lexington, Bunkers Hill, Saratoga,
Brandywine, Guilford, and Camden engraved
on it. The goddess Peace turns the youth away

from American Revolution toward three other
goddesses (one holding a staff with a liberty
cap on top), and two cherubs sit on the ground
reading books on astronomy, husbandry, and
grammar. Below a short poem reads:
"Oh fly," cries Peace, the Soul of Social Life,
"Far from this Fiend of dire destructive Strife:
"Ingenuous Youth, these Scenes attend no more,
"But turn to Britain's once maternal Shore:
"From Her fair Liberty's celestial Flame,
"Religion, Language, Arts, & Commerce came."
From The Universal Magazine of Know/edge
859
and Pleasure, 1783, frontispiece.
LC-USZ62-45 560
860
[Instruction of American youth] J. Norman
Sc. [1783]
Mixed method 6}4 x 4X in.
A youth approaches a pyramid with the
names Lexington, Bunkers Hill, Saratoga,
Brandywine, Guilford, and Camden engraved
on it. He meets four muses dressed as Roman
860
383



women. One holds a staff" with a liberty cap on
top. This frontispiece for The Boston Magazine
of December 1783 is explained on p. 42:
On a Pyramid are inscribed some of the principal Events
of the late War between Great Britain and the United
States of America. A youth representing the rising Genera-
tion of America, is reading the inscription.—Peace is
supposed to remind him that while he retains a Remem-
brance of those important Events, yet, since the happy
cessation of War, he ought to pay a close attention to
Religion, Liberty and Commerce. On the ground are children
studying the most useful Sciences. Grammer—which implies
that we cultivate all Languages. Astronomy—necessary to
navigation and Commerce. Husbandry—the source of
true national wealth.
This engraving copies (and probably satirizes)
the one in item 859, which appeared five
months earlier in The Universal Magazine of
Knowledge and Pleasure in England.
LC-USZ62-45279
86l
Dominion of the Seas. Britannia on board the
fox safe Moor'd in PORTLAND-road As
Mistress of the Sea, she receives Homage from
the whole World, nb A distinction contended
for by our present Peace Makers. Pubd. by
E. D'achery St. James's Street, Deer. 1st. 1783.
Etching 8^ x 12 in.
Britannia in a small boat with a figurehead
of a fox holds a shield, a banner of St. George,
and an olive branch. The figurehead stands for
Charles Fox, and the boat is riding in Portland
Road which represents Lord Portland. The
four allies in other small boats dip their flags in
salute: Holland is a fat Dutchman, Spain a
jester, France a gentleman with long pigtail,
and America an Indian. CPPS 6274
LC-USZ62-45470
862
La Grande Bretagne mutile. Das verstummelte
Britanien. Amsterdam [1783]
Mixed method %}i x 13^ in.
Explanations are given in French and Ger-
384


865

[America with her children and Commerce in
the background—a cartouche] M. Brion de la
Tour A Paris Chez Esnauts et Rapilly, rue
St. Jacques, a la Ville de Coutances, Avec Priv.
du Roi 1783.
Etching 6}4 x %y2 in. (image)
America, as an Indian woman with feathered
skirt and headdress, jewels, and fan, nurses
two infants in a tropical landscape among lush
foliage, a barking dog, and a pelican. Behind
her a seaman moves a bound crate, and ships
put out to sea. This sympathetic French por-
trayal of America sees the new nation in terms
of peace and commerce. From a map entitled
"Amerique Septentrionale, ou se remarquent
les Etats Unis" in G&M.
LC-USZ62-46073
866
[Washington and Franklin founding the United
States of America—a cartouche] 1783
Etching 6^ x 7^4 in. (image)
A full portrait of Washington shows him
leading Liberty. To the right, Franklin is
writing in a book, accompanied by the god-
desses Justice and probably Wisdom. On top
Fame rides a cloud, and the American flag
with 13 stars flies over the whole scene. From
a map entitled "The United States of America
laid down from the best Authorities, Agreeable
to the Peace of 1783. Published April 3d. 1783
by the Proprietor John Wallis, at his Map-
Warehouse, Ludgate Street, London." Phillips,
Maps, p. 862. Negative in G&M.
867
[Iconography of Canada—a cartouche] 1783
Etching S}4 x 7^2 in. (image)
Figures represent activities in Canada:
priests baptize and preach, Indians climb
around the middle of the cartouche, and a
beaver, a duck, and some fish form the bottom.
386




388


Government. North and Fox hold the arms of
the new Government which pins George III to
the ground. Fox's role as a Cromwell is ex-
pressed by the motto beneath inscribed "Neck
qr Nothing." In the quarters of the crest are
two allusions to America. Upper left: an Ameri-
can flag held by North in a field with Burke
pulling the lion's teeth and a paper designated
Reform Bill. Lower right: Britannia upside
down with olive branch in her hand refers to
the frustrated reunion with America. CPPS
6441 LC-USZ62-30766
872
[The Blessings of Peace on America—a car-
touche] London. Printed for & Sold by . . .
Carington Bowles, . . . No. 69 St. Paul's
Church Yard 12 April 1784
Mixed method 6 x 5^ in. (image)
Two beautiful women, probably Fame with
her trumpet and Peace with her palm, decorate
a cartouche for "Bowles New Pocket Map of
the United States of America; the British Pos-
sessions of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New-
foundland with the French and Spanish Terri-
tories of Louisiana and Florida, as Settled by
The Preliminary Articles of Peace, signed at
Versailles the 20th Jany. 1783" in G&M Vault.
Negative in G&M.
■ — Another impression.
Another impression.
873
PRO BONO PUBLICO. THE POLITICAL CLUSTER in
terrorem. WD. [Dent] Pubd. as the Act directs,
by J. Brown, Rathbone Place, June 25th. 1784.
Line engraving 14 x 9^ in.
A grape vine takes the shape of a gallows
from which hangs a bunch of grapes resembling
ministers. Fox, North, Burke, Keppel, Lee,
Derby, Stormont, Cavendish, Portland, per-
haps Carlisle, and House are the ripe grapes.
Below them lie the "Trophies" of their political

389



reign: "Oeconomy," "Euphorbium" (a scented
fox tail), "India Bill," "Weavers," "Platonic
Love" (claimed by Fox), "Westminster Elec-
tion," "July 27th" (Battle of Ushant), "Coali-
tion," "American War" (attributed to North),
"Receipt Tax" (coalition measure dropped by
Pitt), and "Patriotic Props." Throughout the
remainder of Lord North's career in politics,
cartoonists would label him as the man pri-
marily responsible for losing the American
Colonies. Cf. items 887, 893, and 896.
CPPS 6627 LC-USZ62-45472
874
Tarring and Feathering The Reward of the
Enemies of Ireland America Invent. Hibernia
Fecit [August 1, 1784]
Mixed method x ioyi in. (image)
Fox and Sheridan tarring and feathering
Pitt. The invention of the idea is ascribed to
America on the opposite page: "The distressed
Manufacturers of Ireland being drove to
Desperation by the Rejection of protecting
Duties, have adopted the example set them by
their American Brethern of tarring and feather-
ing such Persons as refuse to enter into a Non-
importation and Non-consumption Agreement,
judging that Measure the only Expedient to
save this oppressed kingdom from Poverty and
Wretchedness . . . ." CPPS 6650
LC-USZ6 2-45474
——■———Another impression. In The Hiber-
nian Magazine, 1784, p. 345.
875
[American medals] D. Berger Sculp & Del. 1784
Mixed method ^% x 4^ in.
Four medals showing from left to right and
top to bottom: 1) Liberty holding a shield with
fleur-de-lis decoration protects the young Her-
cules (America) from an attacking lion (Eng-
land); beneath are the dates 17 Oct. 1777 and
39°





19 Oct. 1781 (approximate dates of the Ameri-
can victory at Saratoga and the French alli-
ance). 2) A beautiful woman with flowing hair
and behind her a staff with liberty cap; the
words "libertas Americana" and the date
"4 JUIL. T776" are written around the figure.
3) An entwined ribbon forming a circle, each
small circle has the name of one of the 13
States; in the center are the words "congress
von America" around "wir sind eins." 4) The
words "americanische landes muntze 1776"
surround a picture of the sun shining on a sun-
dial reading "Ich Fliehe" and "Bedenkt was ihr
Vorhabt." Figures one and two are copied from
Augustin Dupre's "Libertas Americana" medal
which was commissioned by Franklin and en-
graved in Paris, 1782. Found in Sprengel,
Allgemeines historisches Taschenbuch (Berlin,
1784), p. 182 ff. LC-USZ62-45518
876
Peace Crowned by Victory. J. Norman Sc.
[1784]
Mixed method 7^4 x 4 in.
A beautiful woman seated with a bountiful
bowl of fruit and flowers receives a crown from
a winged woman carrying a palm. Frontispiece
for The Boston Magazine, August 1784. Norman
copied this piece from The European Magazine,
1783, frontispiece. LC-USZ62-45283
877
[Fox, Burke, and North] frontispiece [1784]
Etching 4^ x 4^ in. (image in oval)
Bust portraits caricaturing the coalition.
The "Introduction" explains, "The Coalition
formed between Lord North, the Right Hon-
ourable Charles James Fox, and Mr. Edmund
Burke, haveing been justified under a pretence
that the American war was the cause of their
39i


>


difference, and that when it was at an end, no
reason any longer subsisted against their act-
ing together in the service of their country, the
following publication is submitted to the impar-
tial and dispassionate reader, as at once the
most direct and fairest means of exposing the
futility of such a defince, and indeed of every
argument in favour of so unnatural a junction."
From Fox, The Beauties of Fox, North, and
Burke (London, 1784), frontispiece.
LC-USZ62-45 542
878
[A warship carries the seal of the United States
—a cartouche] A Paris Chez Lattre Graveur du
Roi Rue St. Jacques No. 20 1784
Etching 9>-2 x 9^2 in. (image)
A sailor hangs national seals on the mast of a
warship. The center seal is the American eagle
with the E Pluribus Unum ribbon. The title of
the map is "Carte des Etats-Unis de l'Amerique
suivant le Traite de Paix de 1783. Dediee et
Presentee A. S. Excellence Mr. Benjamin
878
392


Franklin . . . Par son . . . Serviteur [Jean]
Lattré. 1784" In G&M. LC-USZ62-46074
Another impression.
879
[A French allegory on America—a cartouche]
A Paris, chez Esnauts et Rapilly, rue St.
Jacques, à la Ville de Coutances 1784 A.P.D.R.
Etching 7X x 8^4 in. (image)
On the left side a naval cannon is draped with
an American flag and a Bourbon flag; on the
right side a staff with liberty cap afixed is rest-
ing on a bush. From a map entitled "Carte des
Etats-unis d'Amérique et du Cours du Missis-
sipi; rédigée d'après différentes Cartes et Rela-
tions Anglaises, et les opérations de la dernière
Guerre; avec les Nouvelles Limites Générales
fixées par les articles préliminaires de paix,
signés tant à Paris qu'à Versailles, le 30 cjbre
1782 et le 20 Janr. 1783 .... Cette carte com-
posée par le Sr. Brion de la Tour ..." in G&M.
Another impression.
880
The Hibernian Attempt. [April 1785]
Mixed method 4 x dyi in.
George III, wearing half a crown, sits on his
throne; a Negro with feathers in his hair and a
striped flag runs from the throne with the other
half of the crown. Pitt and Thurlow stand by
the throne looking at the King, while an Irish-
man rides the British bull (John Bull), twisting
its tail. From The Rambler s Magazine, April
1785, p. 141. CPPS 6787 LC-USZ62-45485
88l
[The continents surround the goddess of
geography] J. Buys inv. C. Bogerts sculp. 1785
Etching 4^ x 8 in. (image)
The goddess of geography sits on a throne

393


with a globe and compass in her hands; Europe,
Asia, Africa, and America are by the throne,
and nymphs play in the foreground. In the
background is a wide expanse of landscape
with two volcanoes. This allegory is from the
title page of Bachiene, Atlas (Amsterdam,
1785). LC-USZ62-46090
882
While Commerce spreads her canvass o'er the
main. [1786]
Etching x m-
Columbia as a young Roman woman brings
two children to Minerva who has a spear,
books, and a globe. From a pedestal hangs a
scroll reading "Independence the reward of
Wisdom Fortitude and Perseverance." In the
background a farmer plows a field, and ships
set out to sea. Beneath is a poem:
While Commerce spreads her canvas o'er the main,
And Agriculture ploughs the grateful plain
Minerva aids Columbia's rising race
With arms to triumph and with arts to grace.
The advent of peace brought prosperity to
America, and artists in the United States and
Europe celebrated the new nation's commerce
and agriculture. From The Columbian Maga-
zine, or Monthly Miscellany, 1787, frontispiece.
Fielding, 1841. LC-USZ62-30932
[Arms of the United States] Jas. Trenchard
Sculp. [1786]
Etching 6yi x in. (image)
"The Device of the Armorial Achievement,
appertaining to the United States" is described
as follows:
CREST
Over the head of the eagle, which appears above
the escutcheon, a glory, or, breaking through a cloud
proper, and surrounding thirteen stars, forming a
constellation, argent, on an azure field.
In The Columbian Magazine, or Monthly Mis-
cellany, September 1786, opposite p. 33.
Stauffer, 3281. LC-USZ62-45 508
884
THE REVERSE OF THE GREAT SEAL OF THE
UNITED STATES. JT Sculp. [1786]
Etching ^y2 x 7 in.
An explanation appears on the adjacent
page:
REVERSE
A pyramid unfinished.—
In the zenith, an eye in a triangle, surrounded with
a glory, proper, Over the eye, the words—annuit
coeptis: on the base of the pyramid, the numeral
letters—M.DCC.LXXVI: and underneath the follow-
ing motto or exergue—Novus ordo seclorum.
From The Columbian Magazine, or Monthly
Miscellany, September 1786, opposite p. 51.
Stauffer, 3282. LC-USZ62-45509
885
Venerate the Plough. JT sculp. [1786]
Etching 2 x 2 in. (image)
Within a circle a man plowing with oxen is
followed by America who carries a sheaf of
grain and has a halo of 13 stars. This small
picture is set into "The Plan of A Farm Yard"
found in The Columbian Magazine, or Monthly
Miscellany, October 1786, opposite p. 77.
Stauffer, 3288. LC-USZ62-31153
886
THE POOR BLACKS GOING TO THEIR SETTLE-
MENT. [Dent] Pubd. as the Act directs for the
proprietor by E. Macklew, No. 9, Haymarket,
Jany 12th 1787, of [sic] may be had the new,
very popular and comprehensive Print, entitled
The French Treaty Reviewed &c &c
Etching 8>2 x 15^4 in.
English ministers are caricatured as poor
Negroes going to a settlement house. Burke,
George Hanger (1751 ?-i824), and the Prince of
Wales are already in the house, and Fox, North,



396



398


Submission of America—Perfidy of
respecting the Treaty." CPPS 7170
LC-USZ6 2-45 563
France
-Another impression (uncolored).
889
The Armorial bearings of the States of Massa-
chusetts & N. York. [Trenchard? 1787]
Etching 7>4 x 4^ in.
Descriptions read:
The Armorial Bearings of the State of Massachusetts
Sapphire, an Indian dressed in his shirt and mogossins,
belted proper; in his right hand, a bow topaz; in his left,
an arrow, its point towards the base; of the second, on the
dexter side of the Indian's head, a star, pearl, for one of
the United States of America.—Crest—On a wreath a
dexter arm clothed and ruffed proper, grasping a broad
sword, the pommel and hilt topaz, with this Motto, "ENSE
PETIT PLACIDAM SUB LIBERTATE QUIETEM."
The Armorial Bearings of the State of New-York.
Argent, a sun rising over a hilly country proper.—
Crest—An eagle soaring from a globe, proper; supported
on the dexter side by Liberty, and on the finister by
Justice.—Motto—"EXCELSIOR."
From The Columbian Magazine, October 1787,
opposite p. 715. Stauffer, 3280.
LC-USZ62-45512
890
The Armonial Bearings of the States of Penn-
sylvania & New Jersey. [Trenchard? 1787]
Etching x \yi in.
Descriptions read:
Armorial Bearing of the State of Pennsylvania.
Party surfess, argent and azure; on a fess, or, a plough
proper: in chief, a ship under full sail in the sea proper;
and in base three wheat sheaves; placed barways, or.
—Crest—on a wreath, an eagle with his wings elevated,
ready to soar aloft, proper.—Supporters—Two horses
argent.—Motto—Virtue, Liberty and Independence.
Armorial Bearing of the State of New-Jersey.
Argent, three ploughs placed paleways proper.—
Supporters—on the dexter side, Ceres, bearing Cornucopia;
and on the finister side, the Genius of Liberty, holding a
ftFyKEnrNTATiQy of a County-Convektio-h for Redress of Grievance
yjJu!f«4ii
fcmj. J
Ik
lM liiiiili
1 sill
i » «j_ a a- g ^ l, I
s> 9.12 i ^ o
P i II ftft30 "0 g
i ,ii ug o 5 * - * f 2,«
I 3"
?0E S- 2. o 2

S91
staff surmounted of the cap of liberty;—both figures in
their proper habiliments.
From The Columbian Magazine, June 1787,
opposite p. 491. Stauffer, 3279.
LC-USZ6 2-45511
89I
Representation of a County-Convention
for Redress of Grievance of Courts. [1787]
Woodcut 3 x 5 in. (image)
Ten men sit around a table inside a large
building. A short poem accompanies the
picture:
How blest is that Interpreter of Laws,
Who rich and Poor make equal in a Cause!
Who dares with steady hand the balance hold,
And ne'er inclines it to one Side for Gold;
Altho' in Rags, one Scale gives equal weight,
Against the gilded Trappings of the Great.
'Tis such alone deserves our just Applause,
And such alone gives Sanction to the laws.
From Bickerstajf's Genuine Boston Almanack,
1787. LC-USZ62-45567
892
[Justice enthroned] 1787
Woodcut $i x in. (image)
Justice sits on an obelisk with foliage in one
hand and liberty cap on staff in the other. The
picture was part of the masthead for The
Massachusetts Centinel during the years 1787
to 1790. It symbolizes the motto on the mast-
head, "Uninfluenced by Party, we aim to be
just." LC-USZ62-45588
399


The MafTachufetts
Published on WEDNESDAYS and SATURDAYS.

C E N T I N E L.
Uninfluenced by Party, wt aim /• kt JUST.
SATURDAY, Ma 12, 1787.
12s. perann.] NUMBKR 16, of Vol. VH. Price Two Pence.
892

893



i f t7
PJ * s/1 M*.-' '/■* /// r/;xr; '/ n/A */ //r t//r///,>rr.r //r/t> fAf/A>'/'/s /.»-■//."
C DE <



under cover, when they come pretty near the
fortification. [1776]
Woodcut \yi x in. (image)
From Simes, A New Military, Historical, and
Explanatory Dictionary (Philadelphia, 1776).
LC-USZ62-453 57
909
Guerritte, a fort or small tower of stone or
wood, on the point of a bastion, or on the angles
of the shoulder, to hold a sentry. [1776]
Woodcut iyi x in. (image)
From Simes, A New Military, Historical, and
Explanatory Dictionary (Philadelphia, 1776).
LC-USZ62-45358
910
Hurdles, or clayes, made of branches or twigs,
closely interwoven, are about five or six feet
long, and three, or three and a half broad. Their
use is to cover traverses, lodgements, caponeers,
coffers, &c. and are covered over with earth, to
secure them from the enemy's artificial fire-
works, or stones which might be thrown upon
them; they are also frequently used to cover
marshy ground, or pass a fosse. [1776]
Woodcut 1^ x 1^ in. (image)
From Simes, A New Military, Historical, and
Explanatory Dictionary (Philadelphia, 1776).
LC-USZ62-45359
9II
Orgnes, thick long pieces of wood, pointed and
shod with iron, clear one of another, hanging
perpendicularly each by a particular rope or
cord, over the gate of a strong place to be
dropped in case of emergency. [1776]
Woodcut iyi x in. (image)
From Simes, A New Military, Historical, and
Explanatory Dictionary (Philadelphia, 1776).
LC-USZ6 2-4 53 60
408


912
Petard, a brass pot fixed upon a strong square
plank, which has an iron hook to fix it against
a gate or palisades. This pot is filled with pow-
der; which, when fixed, breaks every thing
about it; and thereby makes an opening to
enter the place. [1776]
Woodcut Y$ x \% in. (image)
From Simes, A New Military, Historical, and
Explanatory Dictionary (Philadelphia, 1776).
LC-USZ62-45361
913
[A variety of artillery pieces and other ord-
nance, John Norman, 1779]
Etching 6yi x 4 in. (image)
From Muller, A Treatise of Artillery (Phila-
delphia, 1779), frontispiece. LC-USZ62-45362
914
[Tools necessary to prove and load guns] pl ix.
[John Norman, 1779]
Etching 6^" x 7^4 in. (image)
This plate pictures wedge, priming iron,
searcher, reliever, worm, ladle, sponge,
searcher with one point, hand spike, and parts
of wheels and axles. From Muller, A Treatise of
Artillery (Philadelphia, 1779), p. 109.
LC-USZ62-45363
915
Elevation of a Powder Cart [and] Plan of a
Powder Cart, pl xix [John Norman, 1779]
Etching Gyi x 7^ in. (image)
From Muller, A Treatise of Artillery (Phila-
delphia, 1779), p. 127. LC—USZ62 45364
916
Amunition Waggon xx [John Norman, 1779]
Etching 6^ x 12^ in. (image)
This engraving also shows undercarriage and

409



917
gi6
axles. From Muller, A Treatise of Artillery
(Philadelphia, 1779), p. 128.
LC-USZ62-45365
917
Elevation of a Truck-Carriage [and] Plan of a
Truck Carriage pl xxiv [John Norman]
Etching 5^4 x 10 in. (image)
From Muller, A Treatise of Artillery (Phila-
delphia, 1779), p. 137. LC-USZ62-45366
918
Pontoon Carraige [and] Pontoon, p xxvi [John
Norman]
Etching 6 x io>£ in. (image)
From Muller, A Treatise of Artillery (Phila-
delphia, 1779), p. 140. LC-USZ62-45367



pip
919
Gin Engine for drawing the Fuzes out of the
Shell Box with grapeshot Section of a Petard
xxvii [John Norman]
Etching 6^2 x 10 in. (image)
From Muller, A Treatise of Artillery (Phila-
delphia, 1779), p. 143. LC-USZ62-45368
920
Elevation of a Sling Cart [and] Plan of a Sling
Cart pl xxiii [John Norman]
Etching x 10 in. (image)
From Muller, A Treatise of Artillery (Phila-
delphia, 1779), p. 136. LC-USZ62-45369
921
The Section and Plan of a Block-house. [1789?]
Etching 10 x y^i in.
Depicts cross section of the ground floor and
upper story, designating the port holes for can-
non, the loopholes for muskets, the door, the
fireplaces, the ladder to the upper story, the
sleeping platform, and the trap door. The
officer's apartment and "holes made in the
floor to fire upon the Enemy  they gain pos-
session of the lower Apartment" are some of the
features noted on the plan of the ground floor.
From Anburey, Travels Through the Interior
Parts of America, v. 1. (London, 1789), opposite
p. 139. LC-USZ62-45546
g20
112


Appendix A
List of Books and Atlases Containing Contemporary Prints and Drawings
Ames, Nathaniel. An Astronomical Diary; or
Almanack For the Year of Our Lord Christ 1772:
Being Bissextile or Leap-Year. Calculated for the
Meridian of Boston, New-England, Lat. 42 25
North. Boston, Nathaniel Ames, 1772. AY53.A8
RBC
[Anburey, Thomas]. Travels Through the In-
terior Parts of America. In a Series of Letters.
By an Officer. 2 v. London, Printed for Wil-
liam Lane, Leadenhall-Street, 1789. E163.A53
1789 RBC
Andrews, John. A Collection of Plans of the
Capital Cities of Europe and Some Remarkable
Cities in Asia, Africa, & America. 2 v. Lon-
don, J. Andrews, 1771. Phillips 5386 G1028.A28
1771 G&M
Andrews, John. History of the War with Amer-
ica, France, Spain, and Holland; commencing in
1775 and ending in 1783. 4 v. London, Pub-
lished by his Majesty's Royal Licence and
Authority. For John Fielding, Pater Noster
Row; and John Jarvis in the Strand, 1785.
E208.A56 RBC & shelf
The Annual Register; A Complete History of the
Late War, or, Annual Register of Its Rise,
Progress, and Events, in Europe, Asia, Africa,
and America . . . With . . . Additions . . . Taken
from Capt. John Knox's Historical Journal
of the War in America. 6th ed. Dublin,
Printed by John Exshal, in Dame-Street, 1774.
DD411.A5 1774
Atlante deW America Contenente le Migliori
Carte Geografiche, e Topografiche delle Principali
Citta, Laghi, Fiumi, e Fortezze del Nuovo
Mundo .... Livorno, G. T. Masi e Comp.,
1777. Phillips 1167 G1100.A8 1777 G&M
Bachiene, Willem A. Atlas, Tot Opheldering der
Hedendaagsche Historie Beschreeven Door Gezel-
schap van Geleerde Mannen in Engeland. te
Amsterdam, M. Schalekamp, 1785. Phillips 657
G1015.B14 G&M
Barnard, Edward. The New, Comprehensive and
Complete History of England from the Earliest
Period of Authentic Information to the Middle of
the Year. MDCCLXXXIII. London, Printed
for the Author: and Published by Alex. Hogg
at No 16, Pater-noster Row [1783]. DA30.B26
Bickerstaff's Boston Almanack, For the Year
1768; Being bissextile or leap Year. Calculated
for the Meridian of Boston; but will answer with-
out a sensible error for any part of New-England.
Boston, Printed by Mein and Fleeming, and
to be sold by John Mein at the London Book-
store, North-side of King-Street, 1768. AY53.B5
RBC
Bickerstaff's Boston Almanack, For the Year of
our Lord 1769; Being the first Year after Leap
Year. Boston, Printed by Mein and Fleeming,
and to be sold by John Mein, at the London
Bookstore, North-side of King-Street, 1769.
AY53.B5 RBC
Bickerstaff's Boston Almanack. For the Year of
Our Lord 1770; Being the second Year after Leap
Year. Boston, Printed by Mein and Fleeming,
and to be Sold by John Mein at the London
Book-Store, North-side of King-Street, 1770.
AY53.B5 RBC
Bickerstaff's Boston Almanack, For the Year of
our Lord, 1772. Being Leap Year. Boston,
Printed by John Fleeming, and to be Sold at
his Shop in King Street, opposite the South-
Door of the Town-House, 1772. AY53.B5 RBC
Bickerstaff's Boston Almanack. For the Year of
our Redemption 1774; Being the Second after
Leap-Year, The Fourteenth of the Reign of
George III. . . . Boston, Printed and sold by
Mills and Hicks, at their Printing-Office, in
School-Street, next to Cromwell's Head
Tavern, 1774. AY53.B5 RBC
Bickerstaff's Boston Almanack, For the Year of
our Redemption 1777; Being the First after Leap-
Year. . . . Boston, Printed and sold by John
Boyle in Marlborough-Street, and Draper and
414


Islands, and chiefly the British Colonies. Lon-
don, R. Sayer & J. Bennett, 1775. Phillips 1165
G1100J4 1775 G&M
Jefferys, Thomas. Atlas des Indes Occidentales,
ou Description Géo-hydrographique des Régions,
des Cotes, des Isles, & des Mers, Connues sous le
Nom d'Indes Occidentales, dans laquelle on
trouve Réunis tous les Détails Géographiques &f
Nautiques qui Appartiennent a, cette Partie de
VAmérique .... Londres, R. Sayer & J. Ben-
nett; Paris, Julien, 1777. Phillips 3943 G&M
Uncataloged
Jefferys, Thomas. A General Topography of
North America and the West Indies. Being a
Collection of all the Maps, Charts, Plans, and
Particular Surveys, that have been published of
that Part of the World, either in Europe or
America. London, for R. Sayer & T. Jefferys,
1768. Phillips 1196 G1105.J4 G&M
Jeffreys, Thomas. The West-India Atlas: or, A
Compendious Description of the West-Indies.
London, for R. Sayer & J. Bennett, 1775. Phil-
lips 2699 G&M Uncataloged
Julien, Roch J. Le Théâtre du Monde Contenant
les Cartes Générales et Particulières des Empires,
Royaumes et Etats qui le Composent. 2 v. Paris,
le Sr. Julien, 1768. Phillips 641 G1015.J8 1768
G&M
Kitchin, Thomas. A General Atlas: or, Descrip-
tion at Large of the Whole Universe. Being a
Collection of the Most Approved and Correctist
Maps Hitherto Published. London, R. Sayer
and T. Jeffrys, 1773. Phillips 643 G1015.K55
1773 G&M
Knox, John, comp. A New Collection of Voyages,
Discoveries and Travels: Containing Whatever is
Worthy of Notice, in Europe, Asia, Africa and
America: In Respect to The Situation and Extent
of Empires, Kingdoms, and Provinces; their
Climates, Soil, Produce, &c. with the Manners
and Customs of the several Inhabitants; their
Government, Religion, Arts, Sciences, Manu-
factures, and Commerce. London, Printed for
J. Knox, near Southampton-Street, in the
Strand, 1767. G160.K75
Korn, Christoph Heinrich. Geschichte der Kriege
in und ausser Europea, vom anfange des auf-
standes der brittischen-kolonien in Nordamerika
an. Nùrnberg, G. N. Raspe, 1776-84. E208.K84
RBC
Korn, Christoph Heinrich. Geschichte der Kriege
in und ausser Europa. Nùrnberg, Gabriel
Nicolaus Raspe, 1777-78. E208.K84 Pts. 11-12
copy 2 RBC
Laporte, Joseph. Atlas Moderne Portatif, com-
posé de vingt-huit Cartes sur toutes les Parties
du Globe Terrestre. Paris, Chez Laporte, 1781.
Phillips 654 G1015.L3 1781 G&M
Laporte, Joseph. Atlas ou Collection de Cartes
Géographiques pour VIntelligence du Voyageur
François; ou la Connoissance de VAncien et du
Nouveau Monde. Paris, Moutard, 1787. Phillips
662 G1015.L32
Le Rouge, George L. Atlas Amériquain Septen-
trional Contenant les Details des Différentes
Provinces, de ce Vaste Continent. Traduit des
Cartes Levées par Ordre du Government Britan-
nique. Paris, Le Rouge, 1778-92. Phillips 1212
G1105.L4 1792 G&M
L'Isle, Guillaume de. Atlas géographique et
universal. Paris, Dezauche, 1781 [1784]. Phil-
lips 655 G1015.L575 1784 G&M
The London Magazine; or, Gentleman s Monthly
Intelligencer, v. 34-59, 1765-90. London,
Printed for R. Baldwin, at the Rose in Pater
Noster Row. AP3.L7 RBC
Loosjes, Adriaan Pieterszoon. Gedenkzuil, ter
Gelegenheid der Vry-Verklaaring van Noord-
America. Amsterdam, W. Holtrop, 1782. E249
.L86 RBC
Lotter, Tobias C. Atlas Géographique de Cent
et Huit Cartes Générales et Spéciales par les
Géographes Tobie Conrad Lotter, Matthieu Scut-
ter, et fan-Michel Probst, a Augsburg, et les
Héritiers de Homan à Nurnberg. Nùrnberg,
1778. Phillips 3517 G1015.L7 1778
Lotter, Tobias C. Atlas Novus Sive Tabulae
Geographicae Totius Orbis Faciem, Partes, Im-
peria, Régna et Provincias Exhibentes Exactis-
sima Cura lux ta Recentissimas Observation ....
Augsburg, 1772? Phillips 3513 G1015.L73 1772
G&M
The Massachusetts Centinel. Boston, Published
by Benjamin Russell, near the State-House,
1784-90. American i8th-Century Newspapers
The Massachusetts Magazine; or Monthly Mu-
seum. Containing the Literature, History, Poli-
tics, Art, Manners 6? Amusements of the Age.
Boston, Printed by Isiah Thomas and Ebenezer
T. Andrews, 1789-96. AP2.A2M4 RBC
The Massachusetts Spy or Thomas's Boston
Journal. Boston, Printed by Isaiah Thomas,
in Union-Street, 1770-75. American 18th-
century Newspapers
The Massachusetts Spy, Or, American Oracle of
Liberty. Worcester (Massachusetts Bay),
Printed by Isaiah Thomas, 1775-1804. Ameri-
can i8th-Century Newspapers
Morgan, J. Pierpont and David McN. Stauffer,
comps. Signers of the Declaration of Indepen-
dence, July 4, 1776. Letters and Documents
Collected by D. McN. Stauffer, 1876-18QO, with
additions by J. Pierpont Morgan, iqo8. Manu-
script Division
418


Index of Titles
Numbers in this index refer to entries, not to
pages.
The Able Doctor, or America Swallowing the
Bitter Draught, 664
The Accident in Lombard-Street Philada., 587
Admiral Byron, 21
Admiral Hughes, 128
Adml. Kempenfelt, 135
Admiral Keppel, 136-37
Admiral Parker, 164
[An allegory describing America—a cartouche],
832
[An allegory of America at the close of war—a
cartouche], 843
[An allegory of Boston, 1769—a cartouche], 641
[An allegory on America during the 1770's—a
cartouche], 661
[An allegory on New York—a cartouche], 694
[An Allegory on the British Colonies in
North America—a cartouche], 708
[An allegory on the British Empire in North
America—a cartouche], 699
[An allegory on the Mississippi Bubble—a
cartouche], 722
The Allies.—Par Nobil Fratrum . . ., 764
The Alternative of Williams-Burg, 680
Amelia: or the faithless Briton, 344
America, 716
[America, 1771], 658
[America—a cartouche], 640
[America and two children—a cartouche], 634
America in Flames, 677
[America pois'd in the balance of justice, 1776],
705
America. To Perpetuate to Posterity the
Memory of those Patriotic Heroes . . ., 761
America. To Those who wish to Sheathe the
Desolating Sword of War . . ., 761
[America toe] her [Miss] taken [Moth]er, 731
America Triumphant and Britannia in Distress,
839
[America with gods and other continents
watches the activities of Geography—title
page], 777
[America with her children and commerce in
the background—a cartouche], 865
America with Peace and Freedom blest, 898
The American General Lee taken Prisoner . . .,
270
[An American Indian points to a map of
America—ornament from a title page], 659
[An American Indian warrior rests from the
war—a cartouche], 718
[An American Indian with harpoon and two
Indians with a European—a cartouche], 835
[American medals], 875
The American Rattle Snake, 812
The American Rattlesnake presenting
Monsieur his x^lly a Dish of Frogs, 826
Die Americaner machen das Corps des General
Bourgoyne zu Gefangnen bey Saratoga . . .,
275
Die Americaner machen den Lord Cornwallis
Die Americaner wiedersetzen sich der Stempel-
Acte, . . ., 243
Der Americanische Gener: Arnold, 10
1. Americanischer Scharffschutz oder Tager
(Rifleman) 2. regulaire Infanterie von Pen-
sylvanien, 241
Amerique, 631
The amiable Miss W bb. [and] The intrepid
Partizan, 198
Amunition Waggon, 916
Amusement for John Bull & his Cousin
Paddy . . ., 857
An Analysis of Modern Patriotism Performed
by Public Opinion & displayed by Public
indignation, 854
L'Anglais Corrige Comme un Enfant . . ., 841
Les Anglois Molestes et Chatiees . . ., 756
Annapolis Royal, 453
Anticipation; or, the Contrast to the Royal
Hunt, 819
Antisejanus . . ., 621
Appearance of the High Lands of Agameticus,
N.E. with Penobscot Hills . . ., 485
Appearance of the Land from White Islands
to St. Marys River . . ., 397
Appearance of the leading Mark over the bar
[of Sandy Hook, with the lighthouse], 566
Appearance of the S:E: Point of Nova Scotia
. . ., 404
423


Cape Southampton . . ., 405
Cape Split, 462
Cape Spry N:N:E 1 Mile and yi distant.
Beaver Isles E. by N. 10 Miles distant.
Westernmost Ledge of Pegasus Wing . . ., 408
Captain Asgill, 15
The Captivating Miss B . [and] The
American Negotiator, 40
[Cartouche and ornament from a map . . .], 742
Castle William, 490, 492
The Catch Singers, 811
Chalbeate Spring near Saratoga, 562
Chandelier . . ., 906
Charles Gravier Comte de Vergennes Conseiller
d'Etat Ordinaire, Ministre et Secretaire d'
Etat et Chef du Conseil Royal des Finances,
203
Charles Henri Comte Destaing, Ne le 24.
Novembre 1729, 52
Charles Lee. Esqr. Americanischer General-
Major, 148
Charles Lee Esqr. Major General of the
American Forces, 150
Charles Lee, Esqr. Major General of the
Continental-army in America, 147
Charles Lee, Esqr. Major General of the
Continental-Army in America, 149
Charles Thompson Esqr. Secretary to Congress,
201
Charles-town [and] Fort-Sulivan [S.C.], 607
Chebucto Head . . ., 422
[Cherubs celebrate, .the founding of the new
nation—a cartouche], 901
[Cherubs imitate the times—title page orna-
ment], 808
The Chevalier D' n producing his Evi-
dence against certain Persons, 649
Cheveaux de Frize . . ., 907
Chi Mi Vela e in Periglio e Chi Mi Svel, 715
[A Christian figure appears to an Indian—a
cartouche], 633
The City Carriers, 647
The Closet . . ., 725
Coalition Arms, 871
The Coffee-House Patriots; or News, from St.
Eustatia, 807
Colonel Arnold. Who Commanded the Pro-
vincial Troops sent against Quebec, through
the Wilderness of Canada, and was Wounded
in Storming that City, under General
Montgomery, 9
Colonel Barre, 16
The Colonies Reduced. Its Companion, 632
The Colossus of the North . . ., 675
Combat Memorable entre le Pearson et Paul
Jones, 310
The Commissioners, 728
The Commissioner's Interview with Congress,
729
Commodore Hopkins, 115
Commodore Hopkins, Commander in Chief of
the American Fleet, 114
Commodore Hopkins. Commandeur en Chef
der Amerj: Flotte, 116
Common-Wealth. The Colosus, 630
The Conference . . ., 643
The Conference between the Brothers How to
get Rich, 711
Der Congress erklart die 13 vereinigten
Staaten von Nord-America . . ., 261
The Congress or The Necessary Politicians, 692
Contemplez l'ouvrage de pouvoir arbitraire, 256
[A Continental soldier stands by broken pillars
—a map ornament], 717
[The continents surround the goddess of
geography], 881
A Convention of the Not-Ables, 887
The Council of the Rulers, & the Elders
against the Tribe of ye Americanites, 676
Count De Grasse, 42
Count de Grasse, 43
Count de Grasse, the French Admiral, resigning
his Sword . . ., 331
Count de Rochambeau French General of the
Land Forces in America reviewing the French
Troops, 776
Count DeGrasse, 44
The Courtiers Assembled, on hearing the News
of the Death of the Rt. Honble. Wm.
Beckford, 655
Crow Harbor . . ., 394
The Curious Zebra . . ., 737
Dartmouth Shore in the Harbor of Halifax, 4I4
David Wooster, Esqr. Commandr. bey der
Provincal. Armee in America, 236
David Wooster, Esqr. Commander in Chief of
the Provincial Army against Quebec, 235
De Crillon, 41
De La Fayette, 141
The Death of Warren, 255
Debarquement des Troupes Engloises a
Nouvelle Yorck . . ., 266
Dedie aux Milords de l'Amiraute Anglaise par
un Membre du Congres Americainc . . ., 727
The Defeat of the Spanish Fleet under Don
Juan de Langara, by Sir George Brydges
Rodney . . ., 313
A Design to represent the beginning and com-
pletion of an American Settlement or
Farm . . ., 578
The desponding Hero of the Coldstream.
A Military Madrigal, 785
D'Estaing, 53
Le Destin Molestant Les Anglois, 757
La Destruction de la Statue Royale . . ., 263
The Dissolution of P t, 671
D. Beniamin Fraencklin. Grand Commissaire
plenipotentiare du Congres d'Amerique en
France ne a Boston 1706, en 17. Janvier, 60
Dr. Benjamin Franklin, 76
D. Benjamin Franklin, et vita inter Americanos
acta, et magnis electricitatis periculis clarus,
66
Dr. Franklin, 62
Dr. Franklin. Coelis Eripuit Fulmen Scep-
trumque Tyrannis, 72
Dr. Beniamin Franklin, gebohrn zu Boston
den 17. Janrii. 1706, 64
Dr. Franklin erhalt, als Gesandter des Ameri-
canischen FreyStaats . . ., 277
425


General Howe Esqr. of the Conecticut and
comander Army in America, 124
General Lee, 151
General Montgomery, 157
The General P s, or Peace, 844
General Putnam, 177-78
General Reed, 181
General Reed. Member of Congress, President
& Commander in chief of the State of Penn-
sylvania, 182
General Sir Guy Carleton, 24
General Sullivan, 196
Gen. Washington, 222
General Washington, 214-15, 223
1. General Washington. 2. General Gates. 3.
Dr. Franklin. 4. Prasid Laurens. 5. Paul
Jones, 221
Le General Washington. Ne Quid Detrimenti
capiat Res publica, 229
1. General Washington's reitende Leibgarde.
2. die independent Company, Chef General
Washington, 242
George Montgomery, Esqr Major General of
the American Armies. Kill'd at Quebec
Deer. 31st. 1775, 156
George the III, 93
George the 11 Id. King of Great Britain, France
and Ireland, 91
George III. King of Great Britain &c, 92
[George Washington], 220
George Washington. Commandant en Chef
des Armees des Etats-unis de l'Amerique, 211
George Washington. Commander in Chief of
ye Armies of ye United States of America,
218
George Washington Eqer. General en Chef de
l'Armee Anglo-Ameriquaine, nomme Dicta-
teur par le Congres en Fevrier 1777, 208
George Washington. Esqr. Americanischer
Generalissimus, 207
George Washington, Esqr. General and Com-
mander in Chief of the Continental Army in
America, 206
Georges Washington, EQer. General en chef de
l'Armee Anglo-Ameriquaine nomme Dicta-
teur par le Congres en Fevrier 1777, 212
George Whitefield. M.A., 232
The Gig, 790
Gin Engine . . ., 919
The Glorious Washington and Gates, 209
[The god Mars watches the goddess Fame
unfurl a detailed map of New York and
Pennsylvania—map ornament], 720
Governeer Morris Esqr. Member of Congress,
159
Grand Manan Island . . ., 468
Grand Passage in the Bay Fundy . . ., 448
La Grande Bretagne mutile . . ., 862
The Great Financier, or British Economy for
the Years 1763, 1764, 1765, 622
Guerritte . . ., 909
Guillaume Thomas Reynal, 183
H. Gates, 86
The Habeas Corpus, or The Wild Geese
flying away with Fox to America, 824
Halifax in Nova Scotia, 423
The Harbour and part of the Town of Havan-
nah, 616a
[Harmony Weeps for the Present Situation of
American Affairs], 687
Heny. Laurens Esqr., 146
Henry Laurens Esqr. President of the American
Congress 1778, 144
Hereabouts will be the Place to affix the
Stamp, 619
Die Hessen, vom General Washington . . . zu
Trenton . . ., 271
The Hibernian Attempt, 880
An Hieroglyphycal Epistle From [Britannia
toe] Admiral [Rodney], 769
The High Lands of Haspotagoen . . ., 436
His Excel: G: Washington Esq: LLD. Late
Commander in Chief of the Armies of the
U.S. of America & President of the Con-
vention of 1787, 224
His Excellency General Washington Com-
mander in Chief of the united States of
North America &c, 219
His Excy. George Washington Esqr. Captain
General of all the American Forces, 216
His Excellency George Washington Esqr.
Captain General of all the American Forces,
213
His Excellency Henry Laurens President of
Congress, and Minister Plenipotentiary for
treating of Peace with Grt. Britain, 145
His Excellency John Jay President of Congress
& Minister Plenipotentiary from Congress at
Madrid, 131
His Excy. John Adams, Esq., 1
His Excy. John Hancock, Esq: Late
President of the American Congress, 107
His Excy. Nathaniel Green Esq;—Major
General of the American Army, 98
His Excellency S. Huntingdon President of
Congress, 130
His Excy. William Heath, Esq. Major General
in the American Army, 110
His Majesty King George the III. Contem-
plating a Medal of King Alfred, 90
The Historical Painter, 868
The Honle. Anthony Wayne, Esqr. Major
General in the American Army, 231
The Honle. B. Lincoln, Esq. Major General in
the American Army, 152
The Honble. Charles James Fox, 55, 56
The Honble Chas. James Fox, 54
The Honle. Henry Knox, Esqr. Major General
of the Artillery in the American Army, 139
The Honle. Horatio Gates, Esqr. Major
General in the American Army, 85
The Honble. Horatio Gates. Major General
of the American Forces, 84
The Hon. James Otis, jun. Esq:, 163
The Honble. John Hancock, 105
The Hon. John Hancock, Esq; President of
the Honourable the Continental Congress,
103
The Honble John Hancock of Boston in New
England; President of the American Con-
gress, 102
The Honble. Marquis LaFayette, Major
General of the American Army, 140
427


The Honble. Samuel Adams, Esqr. First
Delegate to Congress for Massachusetts, 3
The Hon; Sir Willm. Howe Kt. of the Bath.
Commander in Chief of all his Majesty's
Forces in America, 126
Hopsons Nose . . ., 407
Horatio Gates, Esqr. Major General of the
American Forces, 82
The Horrors of War a Vision Or a Scene in the
Tragedy of K: Richd: 3, 823
The Horse America throwing his Master . . .,
749
The Hour of Humiliation, 816a
The Hour of Insolence, 816
The House of Employment & Alms House, 593
Hugh, Earl Percy, 165-67
The Humble Petition of the Freeholders of the
County of Middlesex, 646
Hurdles . . ., 910
[Iconography of Canada—a cartouche], 867
In the back Ground is Admiral Rodney's
Engagement with Count De Grasse . . ., 869
Incendie de New-York, 269
[An Indian, A European trader, and items of
commerce], 798
[An Indian and a frontiersman—a cartouche],
690
[An Indian Bows to Europe], 686
[An Indian on the cartouche for "Map for the
Interior Travels through America . . ."], 900
An Indian Warrior Entering his Wigwam with
a Scalp, 238
[Indians and a bison—map ornament], 797
[Indians and white men working together—a
cartouche], 836
[The inhabitants of America—a cartouche], 795
[Instruction of American youth], 860
[Interior view of the fort on Mud Island], 598
Isle Haut and Cape Chegnecto, 464
The Isle Haut, bearing N.b.W. distant 3 Miles
and Cape Chignecto . . ., 454
The Isle-Haute, bearing W.N.W. distant 2
Miles, 458
Israel Putnam. Esqr. General-Major der
Americaner, 176
Israel Putnam, Eqer. Major General des
Troupes de Connecticut. II commandoit en
chef a l'afTaire de Bunckershill pres Boston
le 17 Juin 1775, 179
Israel Putnam Esqr. Major General of the
Connecticut Forces, and Commander in
Chief at the Engagement on Bunckers-Hill
Near Boston, 17 June 1775, 175
J. Dickenson, 46
J. Dickinson Esqr. Member of Congress &
Author of Letters of a Farmer of Pennsyl-
vania, 47
J. Hancock, 108
J. Reed, 180
Jack England Fighting the Four Confederates,
787
The Jail. Philada., 585
John Andre, Esqr. late Adjutant General of the
British Forces in America, 7
John Bull Triumphant, 763
John Bulls Alternative, 803
John Hancock Esqr., 109
John Hancock, Esq: President of the American
Congress, 106
John Hankock. Praesident des Americane
Congresses, 104
John Malcom, 249
John Paul Jones, 133, 134
John Paul Jones. Commander of a Squadron
in the Service of the Thirteen United States
of North America, 132
John Wilkes, Esq;, 234
Joseph Thayendaneken The Mohawk Chief,
200
Journee de Lexington, 252
[Justice enthroned], 892
K. George II. crowned June 11, 1727. K.
George III. crowned Oct. 25, 1760, 89
[Kings Bridge, New York], 555a
Labour in Vain or let them tug and be Da-nd,
828
Lady Harriet Ackland, 276
[La Fayette at Yorktown] Conclusion De La
Campagne de 1781 en Virginie, 142
Landung einer Frauzosischen Hiilfs-Armee in
America . . .,318
The Late Auction at St. Eustatia, 791
The late Bombardment of Government Castle,
817
[Liberty Conquers Tyranny], 688
Lt. Col. Tarleton, 197
Lieutenant Moody . . .,314
The Light House on Sandy Hook, S.E. one
Mile, 542
Light House S.E. 1 Mile distant, 415
Light House S.W.b.S. 1. Mile distant, 415
(a) Light House West 30 South 2}4 Miles
distant (b) Chebucto Head North 40 West
distant 2 Miles (c) Citadel Hill, 416
Long Island open on the North Side of Nicks
Mate Island, 501
Loon na werk 1780 . . ., 778
Lord Camden, 22
Lord Cornwallis, 34
Lord George Germaine, 94-95
Lord George Gordon, 96-97
The Lord God Omnipotent reigneth . . ., 642
Lord Hood, 113
Lord Howe, 119, 121
Lord Keppel, 138
Lord Loughborough, 153
Lord Robert Manners Mortally Wounded, 330
Lord Rodney, 185
Lord Shelburne, 188
L d Shel , begging Monsieur to make Piss
or P e, 845
Lord Thurlow, 202
Lord Viscount Howe, 118
Louisburg in North America . . ., 382
The Machine to go without Asses . . ., 651
Major Andre, von drey Americanern . . .,315
Major General Arnold Wounded Dec 31-1775
at the attack of Quebec, 13
428


Major General Baron Steuben, 190
Major General David Wooster, 237
Major General Gates, 87
Majr. Genl. Greene, 100
Major-General John Sullivan, 195
Major General John Sullivan, A distinguished
Officer in the Continental Army, 194
Major Genl. Joseph Warren Slain at the Battle
of Bunker's Hill June 17th 1775, 204
Major Genl. Richd. Montgomery Slain in
Storming Quebec Decbr. 31st 1775, 158
Major General Warren, 205
Major John Andre, Late Adjutant General to
the British Army in North America, 8
Mai Lui Veut Mai Lui Tourne Dit le Bon
Homme Richard, 782
De Man In't Hembd, of de Gefnuikte Hoog-
moed. . . ., 779
The Manner in which the American Colonies
Declared themselves Independant . . ., 262
Marital Motions or Military Manoeuvres . . .,
801
The Massacre perpetrated in King Street
Boston . . ., 247
[Masthead for The Massachusetts Spy], 657
Mayjor General Amherst, 5
Mechios River near the Mills, 474
[Men hunting bears—a cartouche], 837
[Milford Haven. The Head of the Bay of
Chedabucto], 393
[Minerva, the goddess of wisdom and war], 723
Miss Carolina Sulivan one of the obstinate
daughters of America . . ., 701
Miss L n. [and] The Martial Lover, 168
Miss Sp c r. [and] The Pliant Premier, 160
Miss V gh n. [and] The American Hero, 123
Mr. Fitzherbert . . . Signing the Preliminary
Articles of Peace . . ., 332
Mr. Trade & Family or the State of ye Nation
• • ; 753
Mrs. C x. [and] The Steady Patriot, 50
Mrs. F g. [and] The lenient Commander,
81
Mrs. General Washington Bestowing thirteen
Stripes on Britania, 852
Mrs. P t. [and] The Cautious Com-
mander, 6
Mrs. W n. [and] The careful Com-
mander, 25
The Mitred Minuet, 666
Le Mole St. Nicolas dans L'llse de St. Dom-
ingue . . ., 617
Moment de l'apres midi du 11 Aoust 1778 . . .,
283
The Monstrous Hydra, or Virtue Invulnerable,
896
The Monument of Major Andre, 842
Mount Pleasant half way between the Cedars
on the Hook & the Light House, 537
[A mountain landscape in Quebec—a car-
touche], 356
Mud Forte [from] Province Island, 595
A N.b.E. View of the Fort on the Western
end of Sulivan's Island . . ., 606
A N.W. View of the State House in Phila-
delphia taken 1778, 589
A N.W.b.N. View of Charles Town from on
board the Bristol . . ., 611
The Narrows, (between Red and Yellow Hook,
on Long Island, & the East Bluff of Staten
Island,) bearing S.b.W., 543
Neu Jorck sive Neu Amsterdam, 550
The New Country Dance, as Danced at C****,
627
[A New Jersey scene—a cartouche], 565
A New Method of Macarony Making, as
practised at Boston, 668
A New Pantomine. Harlequine, 870
New York, with the Entrance of the North
and East Rivers, 541
News from America, or the Patriots in the
Dumps, 703
The North Point of Grandmanan Island in the
Bay Fundy . . ., 466
North Shore, 432
North Shore of Isle Sable . . ., 433
The North Star, 637
A North View of Castle William in the Harbour
of Boston, 491
A North View of Pensacola, on the Island of
Santa Rosa . . ., 613
O Qu'el d'estain . . ., 758
"Oh fly," cries Peace, the Soul of Social Life,
859
The Olive Rejectd. or the Yankees Revenge
• * •> 732
The Only Booth in the Fair. Portland & Co
late Shelburne, 853
[The oracle representing, Britannia, Hibernia,
Scotia, & America . . .], 663
Orage cause par l'lmpot sur le The en
Amerique, 739
Orgnes . . .,911
[Ornament for the title page of The European
Magazine from 1782 until 1789], 840
[Ornament for title page of The Columbian
Magazine . . .], 899
The Ovens at the Entrance of Lunenburg Bay,
437
Paradice Lost, 815
The Parlmt. dissolvd, or, The Devil turn'd
Fortune Teller, 672
Parrawankaw. [and] Dr. Squintum, 233
The Parricide. A Sketch of Modern Patriotism,
700
The Patriot . . ., 644
[A Patriot and a Tory wrestle for a pine tree
flag—a cartouche], 706
[A Patriot and a Tory wrestle for a pine tree
flag while an Indian watches—a cartouche],
707
The Patriotic American Farmer. J n
D-k-ns-n, Esq; Barrister at Law, 45
The Patriotick Barber of New York . . ., 679
Peace Crowned by Victory, 876
Peace Porridge all hot. The best to be got, 847
Pennsylvania Hospital, 591
A Perspective View of Montreal . . .,350
Perspective View of the Country between
Wilmington and the Delaware . . ., 594
A Perspective View of the Town and Forti-
fications of Montreal in Canada, 352
429


Petard . . ., 912
Philip Schuyler Esqr. Majr. Genl. in the
American Service, 187
The Phoenix and the Rose . . 264
A Picturesque View of the State of the Nation
for February 1778, 726
Plan du Combat de la Grenade gagne par Mr.
Le Cte. d'Estaing sur l'Amiral Byron . . ., 295
Plymouth MDCXX, 674
A Political, Anatomical, Satirical, Lecture on
Heads and No Heads . . ., 629
The Political Cartoon, for the Year 1775, 685
A Political Concert . . ., 848
Political Electricity; or, An Historical &
Prophetical Print in the Year 1770, 656
A Political Lesson, 667
The Political Mirror or an Exhibition of
Ministers for April 1782, 813
The Political Raree-Show: or a Picture of
Parties and Politics, during and at the close
of the Last Session of Parliament, 748
Pontoon Carriage [and Pontoon], 918
The Poor Blacks Going to Their Settlement,
886
Poor old England endeavoring to reclaim his
wicked American Children, 709
[A Port Scene in South Carolina—a cartouche],
604
[A Port Scene in the South—a cartouche], 602
Prattle, 760
Precis de Cette Guerre, 303-7
Precis du Traite de Paix . . ., 333-42.
Premiere Assemblee du Congres, 250
Prerogatives Defeat or Liberties Triumph, 770
The Present State of Great Britain, 755
Prince Stadhold-r Resuming his Deliberation,
825
Prise de la Dominique, 287
Prise de l'lsle de la Grenade, 296
Prise de Pensacola, 319
Prise de Tabago, 321
A Privy Council, 751
A Privy Council Laying their Heads Together
. . ., 897
Pro Bono Publico. The Political Cluster in
terrorem, 873
[The products of Nova Scotia—a map orna-
ment], 639
Prospect of the Paysaick Falls in New-Jersey,
569
Prospect von Quebec, 358
A Prospective View of the Town of Boston
. . ., 245
Protestants, remember the Massacre of St.
Bartholemews in Paris, & the burning of
Martyrs in Smithfield, 704
Qualifying for a Campain, 710
Quebec, 359-60
Quebeck, 366
Ramea Isles on the S.W. Coast of Newfound-
land . . ., 387
A Real American Rifle Man, 240
The Reconciliation between Britania and her
daughter America, 820
Reddition de l'Armee Angloises . . ., 326
Reddition de l'Armee du Lord Cornwallis, 324
The Repeal, or the Funeral of Miss Ame-
Stamp, 624
The Repeal, or the Funeral Procession, of
Miss Americ-Stamp, 623
Representation du Feu Terrible a Nouvelle
Yorck, 268
[Representation of a battle—a cartouche], 744
Representation of a County-Convention for
Redress of Grievance of Courts, 891
[Representation of the American war—a car-
touche], 759
Revd. Samuel Cooper D.D., 32
The Reverse of the Great Seal of the United
States, 884
Review of the York Regiment . . . ., 740
Richd. Lord Viscount Howe Rear Admiral of
the White and Commander in Chief of the
Fleet in N. America, 120
Richtige Abbildung der den Americanischen
Probinzialisten-belagerten und wiederero-
berten Hauptstadt und Festung Boston in
America . . ., 259
The Right Honble. Chas. Wolfran Cornwall
Esq. Speaker of the House of Commons, 33
The R. Honble Earl of Dartmouth, 36
The Right Honble. Fredk. Earl of Carlisle,
Lord Lieutt. of the Kingdom of Ireland, 27
The Right Honble. Lord Macartney, 154
The Right Honble. Lord North, 161
The Right Honble. The Earl of Hillsborough,
112
The Right Honourable The Marquis de la
Fayette, Unanimously chosen Commandant
of the National Guards, 143
The Rt. Hon. William Pitt, Chancellor of the
Exchequer, 170
The Right Honourable William Pitt, Earl of
Chatham, 169
Robert Hopkins. Esqr. Commodore of the
American Sea Forces, 117
Robert Rogers. Commandeur der Americaner,
186
The Royal Hunt, or a Prospect of the Year
1782, 809
S. Deane, 37
S. Huntingdon, 129
S View of the City of New York, 545
S.E. George Washington. General en Chef des
Armees des Etats unis de l'Amerique, 228
S.E. Prospect from an Eminence near the
Common, Boston, 511
A S.W. View of the Baptist Meeting House,
Providence R.I., 532
A Sachem of the Abenakee Nation . . ., 244
St. Eustache une des Isles D'Antilles . . ., 320
St. Lucia in the West Indies taken Possession
of . . ., 290
St. Mary's Bay, 375
Sambro Light-house, bearing west . . ., 420
Sambro Light-house, south-east . . ., 421
Samuel Adams Esq. One of the Delegates from
the Province of Massachusetts-Bay to the
43o


General Continental Congress of North
America, 2
Sandy Point bearing WSW distant four Miles,
525
Sankoty Head, bearing S b W, distant 10
Miles, 528
Sankoty Head bearing SW when clear of the
Shoals distant 4 Leagues, 529
Sta. Maria Island . . ., 388
Sarratoga, 274
Saulte de Niagara, 563a
Sauvage du NO. de la Louisiane, 239
The Savages let loose, Or The Cruel Fate of
the Loyalists, 850
[Scene from the West Indies—a cartouche], 838
[A Scene in the British Colonies in North
America—a cartouche], 719
[A Scene in the West Indies], 615
[A Scene on the Island of St. John—a car-
touche], 721
The Scotch Butchery, 684
The Sea Fight between Keppel and D'Or-
villiers, 281
Secretary Pitt, 171
The Section and Plan of a Block-house, 921
Shelb ns Sacrifice or the recommended
Loyalists, a faithful representation of a
Tragedy shortly to be performed on the
Continent of America, 846
The Shell-born Jes—t, 829
[Shirley Point open with Deer Island, Sailing
into Boston Harbor], 531
The Sick Prince, 888
Siege du Fort S. Philippe, 328
The Siege of Rhode Island . . ., 286
Der Siegen Engelander und der Streitende
Americaner . . ., 693
Silas Dean, Esq., 39
Silas Deane Esqr. Commissioner from Congress
in France, 38
[Silhouette of George Washington and bust
profile of Benjamin Franklin], 225
Sr. George Bridges Rodney. . . . Admiral of
the Blue & [Continental Fleet of his]
Majesty's Ships sent to protect our Trade
[in the] West Indies, 184
Sir Guy Carleton, 26
Sir Henry Clinton, 29
Sr. Henry Clinton, 31
Sir Henry Clinton, K. B. Commandant en
Chef les Troupes de Sa Majeste Britannique
dans l'Amerique, 30
Sir Jeffery Amherst. Knight of the most
honorable Order of the Bath, Governor of
Virginia, Colonel of His Majesty's 15th. and
60th. Regiments of Foot, Lieutenant, and
Commander in Chief of His Majesty's
Forces in North America from 1758 to 1764, 4
Sir Roger Curtis, 35
A Sketch of Mechios Mills, 475
[Slave workers in South Carolina and Georgia—
a cartouche], 773
[A small cottage by the sea with barrels for
merchandise stacked about it—a cartouche],
473 _
A Society of Patriotic Ladies, at Edenton in
North Carolina, 681
Son merite personnel l'emporte sur toutes les
considerations, 258
A South East View of Christ's Church, 515
A South East View of the City of New York,
in North America . . . ., 551
A South East View of the Great Town of
Boston in New England in America, 496
South Entrance of Grand Passage, 374
The South Shore of Long Island . . ., 540
The South West Coast of Nova Scotia, 442-43
The South West Coast of Nova Scotia the
Brazil Sunken Rock bearing E.b.S. }4 Mile,
440
A South West View of the City of New York,
in North America . . ., 552
A South West View of the City of New York,
Taken from the Governors Island at *, 549
The Southern Seal Isle . . ., 444
Spencers Island and the Entrance of Mines
Bason, 463
The State Blacksmiths Forging fetters for the
Americans, 696
The State Cooks Making Peace Porridge,
822
State Cooks or The Downfall of the Fish Kettle,
794
The State House, 592
The State Nurses, 792
The Statue, or the Adoration of the Wise-men
of the West, 625
The Subtle Seducer, [and] The American
Financier, 174
Suffrein, 193
Surprise de St. Eustache, 322
The Surrender of Earl Cornwallis . . 325
The Surrender of Government Castle . . ., 817
Take Your Choice, 702
The Takeing of Miss Mud I'land, 712
Tarring and Feathering . . ., 874
[Tarring and feathering], 669
The Tea-Tax-Tempest, or Old Time with his
Magick Lanthern, 851
The Tea-Tax Tempest, or the Anglo-American
Revolution . . ., 738
This is the Place to affix the Stamp, 619
The Thistle Reel, 682
Thunder, Lightning and Smoke, or, the Wind
shifted from the North to the East, 893
The Thunderer, 831
The Times . . ., 650
The Times, Anno 1783, 855
[Title page ornament for The Universal Asylum
and Columbian Magazine], 903
The Tomb-Stone, 620
Le Tombeau de Voltaire . . ., 745
[Tools necessary to prove and load guns], 914
The Town of Falmouth Burnt . . ., 257
The Triumph of America, 628
[Two American Indians—a cartouche], 713
800, 833-34
[Two Europeans trade with five Indians—a
cartouche], 799
[Two women celebrate the birth of America
. . .], 902
431


The Unfortunate Death of Major Andre . . .,
317
The unfortunate Major Andre offering his
watch . . .,316
The United States Magazine for January 1779,
746
Le Vaisseau le Lanquedoc, demate . . ., 284
Le Vaisseau le Lanquedoc remate . . ., 285
[A variety of artillery pieces and other ord-
nance], 913
Veduta di S. Eustachio, 618
Veluti in Speculum, 864
Venerate the Plough, 885
A Vieu of Plymouth, 771
A View from Bushongo Tavern 5 Miles from York
Town on the Baltimore Road, 576
View from Charlestown 1773, 495
A View from Paulushook of Horsimus on the
Jersey shore and part of York Island, 567
A View from the Camp at the East End of
the Naked Sand Hills . . ., 434
View from The Green Woods towards Canaan
and Salisbury, in Connecticut, $35
A View from the South Eastward of Halifax
Harbor, 417
A View in America in 1778, 734
A View in Hudson's River of Pakepsey & the
Catts-Kill Mountains, From Sopos Island in
Hudson's River . . . ., 558
A View in Hudson's River of the Entrance of
what is called the Topan Sea . . . ., 556
View of a pass over the South Mountain from
York Town to Carlisle, 575
A View of a Swallow, or Pit, at Sinking Spring
Valley, State of Pennsylvania, 572
[A View of an American River—a cartouche],
555
View of Annapolis Royal, 450
A View of Annapolis Royal, 453
A View of Bethlem, the Great Moravian Settle-
ment in the Province of Pennsylvania . . .,
577
A View of Boston, 498
A View of Boston from Dorchester Neck, 503
[A View of Boston] 1 Mistic River 2 Charles-
Town Point . . ., 494
A View of Boston taken on the Road to
Dorchester, 497
View of Bunker's Hill, 510
A View of Campo Bello at the Entrance of
Passamaquady Bay, 465
A View of Cape Baptist . . ., 456
[A View of Cape Cod], 530
View of Cape Egmont and Winter Rock . . .,
409
A View of Cape Rouge or Carouge . . ., 354
View of Cape Round bearing West . . ., 378
[A View of Castle William], 493
A View of Charles-Town, the Capital of South
Carolina, 609
A View of Charles Town the Capital of South
Carolina in North America, 610
View of Eden and Gascoyne Rivers . . ., 449
View of Faneuil-Hall in Boston, Massachusetts,
A View of Fort Robertdeau, in Sinking-Spring
Valley, State of Pennsylvania, 573
View of Fort William . . ., 489
[View of Fortifications Around Dorchester], 507
A View of Gaspe Bay . . ., 372
View of Gulliver's Hole, 452
[View of Hell Gate], 538
A View of Houses in the City of Albany, 561
A View of Louisburg, 390
A View of Louisbourg from the North East, 389
A View of Louisbourg Harbor, on the South
Coast of the Island of Cape Breton . . ., 383
[A View of Milford Haven], 392
A View of Miramichi . . ., 371
View of Mud Island before it's Reduction
16th Novr. 1777 . . ., 599
A View of New Castle with the Fort and Light
House on the Entrance of Pisquataqua
River, 477
A View of New York . . ., 265
A View of Ohiopyle Falls, in Pennsylvania, 574
A View of Partridge Island . . ., 460
A View of Pensacola in West Florida . . ., 614
A View of Plaister Cliffs, in George's Bay, 381
View of Port George . . ., 379
A View of Port Hood . . ., 380
A View of Portsmouth, in New Hampshire
• • 478
A View of Quebec from the Bason, 361
A View of Quebec from the South East, 362
A View of Quebec the Capital of Canada, in
North America, 367
View of Roxbury from the advanc'd Guard
Hous[e] at the Lines, 508
A view of St. John's, upon the River Sorell . . .,
349
View of the ancient Buildings belonging to
Harvard-College, Cambridge, New England,
.512
View of The Attack on Bunker's Hill . . ., 253
View of the Bridge over Charles River, 516
View of the Bridge over Mystic River & the
Country adjacent from Bunker's Hill, 509
View of the British Fortress at Stoney-Point
...,309
A View of the City of Boston the Capital of
New England, in North America . . ., 523
A View of the City of New York from Long
Island, 547
A View of the City of Quebec, the Capital of
Canada, taken from the Rock on Point Levi
...,368
A View of the City of Quebec, the Capital of
Canada, taken partly from Pointe des
Peres . . ., 357
A View of the Coast at the Entrance of the
River St. John . . ., 470
A View of the Coast of New-Hampshire to the
Eastward of Mount Desart, 476
A View of the Cohoes or Great Falls of the
Mohawk River taken from below, 560
View of the Colleges at Cambridge . . ., 513
A View of the Country towards Dorchester,
taken from the advanced works on Boston
Neck, 502
[A view of the countryside near Quebec—a
cartouche], 355
432


The Western Cliffs of Cape Dore, 455
Westminster Election. 1780, 775
What may be done Abroad. What is doing at
Home, 645
When fell Debate & civil Wars shall cease, 678
While Commerce spreads her canvass o'er the
main, 882
The Whitehall Pump, 665
Wide o'er the Ocean while Britannia reigns, 653
William Pitt. II Faut Declarer la Guerre a
La France, 173
The Wise Men of Gotham and their Goose, 695
The Wolves, (a cluster of Isles) lying SE off
the Entrance of Passamaquadi Bay, 467
Wonders Wonders Wonders & Wonders ..., 827
Wreckers Den near the Pond on the Isle of
Sable, 431
[Yorktown], 802
434


Boston and vicinity: evacuation of troops, 259,
697; in cartoons and allegories, 641, 652, 656,
664, 667, 683-84, 710, 725; landing of troops,
245, 642; mentioned, 17, 32, 165, 188,481-82,
655, 760, 862, 905; views, 243, 249, 253,
288, 347, 483-523
Boston Massacre, 102, 246-47, 490, 654
Boston Petition, 664
Boston Port Bill, 16, 106-7, 481-82, 664, 671,
677, 702
Boston Tea Party, 248; mentioned, 664
Bowling Green, New York City, 263
Brandywine, Pa., Battle of, mentioned, 101,
142, 859-60
Brattle Square Church, mentioned, 32
Brazil Sunken Rock, Nova Scotia, 440
Bread, 773
Breed's Hill, Mass., 253, 510
Brest, France, 789
Brew House, N.Y., 552
Brimstone Hill, St. Kitts, 329
Brindley's house, R.I., 286
Bristol Neck, R.I., 533
Bristol, 607, 611
British Army: criticized, 710; mentioned, 270;
officers, 864
British Empire, in cartoons, 645
British Guiana, 303-7, 790
British Navy, 294, 297-301; mentioned, 285,
292, 474
Broad Street, N.Y., 554
Browns House, 505
Buffalo, 797, 857
Bull, 751; as Britain, 810; see also John Bull
Bunker Hill, Mass., 253-56, 494, 509, 697;
mentioned, 123, 175, 179, 859-60; possible
view, 204
Bunker's Hill, N.Y., 548
Bushongo Tavern, Pa., 576
Cabbages, 711
Caduceus, 172
Cambridge, Mass., 255, 500, 510
Camden, S.C., Battle of, mentioned, 787,
859-60
Campo Bello, Nova Scotia, 465; Island, 468;
Harbor, 471
Canaan, 535
Canada: invasion of, 194, 235; mentioned, 2,
4, 14, 88, 645, 666, 671, 830, 867; views,
348-472
Cannons, 697, 714
Canso, Nova Scotia, 379, 385, 402, 404;
mentioned, 394
Cape Baptist, Nova Scotia, 456
Cape Blowmedown, Nova Scotia, 459-61
Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, 383-84, 386
Cape Chignecto, Nova Scotia, 454, 464
Cape Cod, Mass., 530
Cape Dore, Nova Scotia, 455
Cape Egmont, Nova Scotia, 409
Cape Henlopen, Del., 279; Lighthouse, 600
Cape Martingo, Nova Scotia, 395
Cape Negro, Nova Scotia, 440, 442
Cape Poge, Mass., 524
Cape Prospect, Nova Scotia, 435
Cape Rouge, Canada, 354
Cape Round, Prince Edward Island, 378
Cape Sable, Nova Scotia, 438-41, 443
Cape St. Vincent, W.I., 313
Cape Sambro, Nova Scotia, 435
Cape Southhampton, Nova Scotia, 405
Cape Split, Nova Scotia, 459, 462
Cape Spry, Nova Scotia, 408
Carenage, St. Lucia, W.I.; see Castries
The Carolinas, 604-11; mentioned, 98, 645
Carouge; see Cape Rouge
Carpenter's Hall, Phila., 250
Carpenter's Island, Delaware River, 596, 599
Castle Island, Boston Harbor, 484, 488, 491
Castle William, Boston Harbor, 484, 488-93
Castries, St. Lucia, W.I., 289-90
Cat, 758
Catholics: bishop, 702, 704; priest, 683
Catskill Mountains, N.Y., 558
Cedars, N.J., 566
Cedars, N.Y., 537
Ceylon, 830
Chalbeate Springs, N.Y., 562
Chandelier, 906
Chaos, personified, 55
Charles River, Mass., 516, 523; mentioned, 905
Charleston, S.C., 260, 606-11, 819; as a pillar,
809; mentioned, 28, 164, 774-75, 787
Charlestown, Mass., 253, 494-95; mentioned
17, 165, 516
Charlottesville, Va., 308
Chebucto Head, Nova Scotia, 416
Chedabucto Bay, Nova Scotia, 392-94, 398
Chelsea Hospital, England, 725
Cherubs, 640, 657, 686, 715, 724, 777, 804, 808,
838, 859-60, 901
Chesapeake Bay, 326; mentioned, 42, 113, 602
Chestnut Street, Phila., 589
Cheval-de-frise, 505, 907
Chisetcook Inlet, Nova Scotia, 413
Christ Church, Boston, 515
Christ Church, Phila., 588
Citadel Hill, Nova Scotia, 416
City Hall, N.Y., 551; see also Federal Hall
Civil liberties, 646, 702
Civil War, English, 623-24
Clergy, 816
Clio, 895
Coalition government, 870-71, 873, 877
Coat of arms, 871; of the United States, 883
Cock, as France; see France
Coconut, 640
Coffins, 654
Cohasset Point, Mass., 483
Cohoes Falls, N.Y., 559-60
Coldstream guard, 785
Commander in Chief's Guard, 242
Commerce: as a milk cow, 726, 781-82; in
cartoons and allegories, 657, 743, 773, 862,
865, 869, 882, 897; personified, 473; temple
of, 678
Commercial Treaty of 1787, 887
Conanicut Isle, R.I., 282
Concord, Mass., mentioned, 165
Concord, personified, 662, 761, 895
Congregational Church, Boston, 522
Connecticut, 534-35, 894; mentioned, 37, 235
436


Index of Artists
Numbers in this index refer to entries, not to
pages.
Aitken, Robert, 690-91
Angus, William, 39, 43, 51, 93, 118, 141, 222
Annert, F. A., 488
Anville, Sr. d', 634
Barlow, 238, 272
Bartolozzi, F., 638
Basset, Andre, l'aine, 263, 268, 553, 584
Bayly, 840
Beaurain, Chr. de, 631, 707, 720
Bed well, 575
Benazech, Peter, 357, 371, 556
Berger, Daniel, 71, 221, 241-43, 248, 251,
254, 261, 271, 275, 277, 315, 318, 327, 343,
875
Bergmuller, 320
Bertaux or Berteaux, 287, 319
Berthalt, S., 777
Berthet, L. S., 173
Binet, L., 173
Birrell, 35, 41, 44, 113, 164
Blaskowitz, Charles, 905
Boehmio, Aug. Gottl., 795
Bogerts, C, 881
Bonnor, 653, 724
Bonnieu, 227
Bowan, Eman, 713
Bowen, Thos., 604
Boyne, I., 853
Bretherton, C, 806
Brion de la Tour, M., 718, 865, 879
Brompton, Richard, mentioned, 169
Bulfinch, C, 517
Bunbury, H., 807
Buys, J., 808, 881
C, J., 687
Caldnall, J., 639
Callet, 203
Campbell, mentioned, 207-8, 214
Canon, P., 740
Canot, P. C, 265, 351, 370, 382, 523, 551-52,
610
Carmontelle, Louis Carrogis de, 77
Carver, Captain, 355, 699
Carwitham, I., 496
Cathelin, Louis-Jacques, 74
Chamberlin, Mason, 58, 62; mentioned, 65
Chevillet, Juste, 63, 227
Chodowiecki, Daniel, 241-43, 248, 251, 254,
261, 271, 275, 277, 315, 318, 327, 343
Cipriani, G. B., 638
Cochin, Charles N., 59-61, 64, 66, 70, 76;
mentioned, 67, 75, 745
Colley, T., 767,814, 847-48
Coltellini, C, 715
Conder, 900
Cook, 8, 31, 332
Cook, J., 61, 70
Cook, James, 604
Cook, Thomas [?], 859
Cophius, Martin Gottfried, 659
Copley, J. S., 32, 144; mentioned, 3, 102, 146,
163
Corbutt, C, 727; mentioned, 114-16, 175, 194
D. , P. E., 691
Darly, M., 315, 697, 728
Dawe, Philip, 673, 679-81
DeL'Isle, 631
Denis, L., 759
Dent, 886
Des Barres, Joseph Frederick Wallet, 264, 362,
373-81, 383-472, 474-80, 483-87, 492-93,
497-5°5, 524-3J, 536-43, 608, 616
Desrayes, Claude L., 75; (Desrais), 79, 212
D'Haisnc, 53
Dickinson, W., 807
Dixon, J., 667
Dodd, 8, 127
Doolittle, Amos, 192, 761
Dunn, Samuel, 699
Dupin, 11, 30, 179, 183, 208
Duplessis, Joseph, 63, 69, 73
Dupre, Augustin, 875
Du Simitiere, Pierre Eugene, 37-39, 46-49,
86-87, 129-31, 145, 159, 180, 182, 190, 201,
219, 691; mentioned, 221
E. , B. B.; see Ellis, B. B.
444


Eliot, J. B., 744
Elliot, Wra, 369, 559
Ellis, B. B., 38, 47, 49, 87, 130-31, H5, i59» 190,
201, 219
Faden, William, 565, 590, 719
Fauvel, 274
Feutry, poet, 63
Fiegl, 331
Filleul, Anne Rosalie, 74
Fisher, Edward, 58; mentioned, 169
Fittler, 310
Fogo, Crunk, 813
Fosseyeux, J. B., 134
Frentzel, G. F. J., 706
Fry, Joshua, 602
Fuller, W., 612
Gallager, G., 902
Gallaudet, Elisha, 232
Gauld, G., 614
Gibson, John, 713
Gillray, James, 315, 772, 818
Godefroy, Francois, 249-50, 252, 274, 287,
296, 324> 328-
Goldar, John, 53, 73, 127, 138, 317, 869
Goodnight, C, 817
Gray, Henry, 260
Gray, W., 482
Green, Valentine, 144, 215
Grignion, Charles, 330
Guttenberg, Carl, 133, 738
Habermann, Francois Xav., 266-68, 363-65,
5I9, 521
Haid, J. Elias, 66
Halbou, Louis-Michel, 269, 323
Hamilton, 262, 270, 290, 311, 317, 325, 330
Hamilton, W., 716
Harrison, 869
Hawkins, 270
Heap, George, 588, 590
Hill, Samuel, 78, 143, 191, 482, 491, 509, 511,
513-14, 516, 518, 532, 564, 902; mentioned,
140
Hogarth, William, mentioned, 775
Holland, Captain Samuel, 362, 555, 721
Homanno, Jo. Bapt., 796-99
Howdell, Thomas, 265, 551-52
Ince, Captain, 382
Jackson, L., 717
James, Thomas, 605, 611
Jefferson, Peter, 602
Jefferys, Thomas, 555, 588
Jukes, F., 276
Keppel, Augustus, 736
Kitchin, Thomas, 473, 549
Koehler, G. Fredk., 51
L, J, 228
Lapi, Gio., 715
Lattre, Jean, 878
Lausan, 319
LeB., 228
Le Barbier, l'aine, 250, 256, 269, 322, 324
Le Beau, Pierre Adrien, 75, 212
Le Gouaz, Yves-Marie, 617
LeGrand, 41
Leitch, Thos., 609
Leizelt, Balth. Frederic, 10, 366, 481, 553, 584
Le Mire, Noel, 142, 229
Leney, William, 187
L'Enfant, Pierre Charles, 557
Le Paon, L., 229, 328-29
LeRoy, Ta., 217
Lerpiniere, 310
Littleford, 102
Lodge, [John ?], 253
Lotter, G. F., 661
Lotter, Matthew Albert, 590
Lotter, Tobias C, 550; (Tob. Conr. Lotted),
742-43
M, 255
M, C, 745
McArdell, James, 57; mentioned, 58
Malcom, 585
Malpas, E., 716
Man, Thomas, 591-93
Manufacture Nationale de Sevres, 68, 71, 78
Marillier, P. C, 322
Matraini, N., 618
Maverick, Peter R., 76
Mazell, Peter, 354, 372
Mellish, T., 610
Metz, 312, 330-32
Millar, 253
Miller, 35, 43-44, "3
Mitchell, John, 640
Molthrop, Reuben, 192
Montaland, Cite., 79
Montresor, John, 567, 596-99, 639; mentioned,
548
Moreau le Jeune, J. M., 134
Nee, Francois Denis, 77
Newton, James, 497
Nicole, Pierre, 596-98
Niquet, M., 302-6
Noble, 262
Norman, John, 1, 3, 32, 68, 72, 85, 98, 107, no,
^9-40, i46> T52, 158, 204-5, 216,220, 231,
255, 257, 860, 876, 913-20
Notte, C. J., 133; mentioned, 221
O'Neale, 161
Ottaviani, J., 618
Ozanne, Jeanne-Francoise, 617
Ozanne, Marie-Jeanne, mentioned, 617
Ozanne, Nicolas, 617
Ozanne, Pierre, 278-80, 282-85, 288-89, 291-
94, 297-302
Parson, T., 740
Patas, Jean-Baptiste, 256, 258, 707
Paton, Richard, 310
Patten, Thomas, 351
Peake, James, 578
Peale, Charles Willson, 224, 226, 345, 515, 582,
587, 589, 594, 903; mentioned, 100, 211, 213,
216, 220, 224, 227-29
445


Index of Publishers
Numbers in this index refer to entries, not to
pages.
Alibert Md. d'Estampes, au Palais Royal, 745
Almon, John, Piccadilly, 247, 702, 764
Ames, Astronomical Diary; or Almanack, 45
Anburey, Travels Through the Interior Parts of
America, 238, 272-73, 308, 349, 900, 921 _
Andrews, A Collection of Plans of the Capital
Cities . . ., 658
Andrews, History of the War with America,
France, Spain, and Holland, 15, 31, 34-35,
41, 44, 51, 53, 73, 93, 99, "3, ^1, 127-28,
!35, J38, 141, l64, 167, 185, 193, 222, 904
The Annual Register, 5, 90, 118, 170-71, 352
Atlante dell' America, 359, 563, 618, 715
The Atlantic Neptune, 264, 362, 373-81, 383-
472, 474-8o, 483-87, 492-93, 497-505, 524-
531, 536-43, 608, 616
Bachiene, Atlas, 881
Bakewell, Eliz., opposite Birchin Lane in
Cornhill, 111
Barker, Henry, No. 82 in Cornhill, 351, 354,
357, 369-72, 382, 523, 551-52, 556, 558-59,
568, 577-78, 610
Barnard, History of England, 253, 270, 290,
3ii, 317, 325, 33o, 863
Barrow, J., 817, 821; N. 84 Dorset Street,
Salisbury Court, Fleet Street, 824, 826;
White Lion Bull Stairs Surry Side Black
Friars Bridge, 844-45, 858
Basset, Andre, l'aine, Rue St. Jacques au coin
de celle des Mathurins a Ste. Genevieve, 79,
263, 268, 553, 584, 759
Bennett, John, and Robert Sayer, No. 53 Fleet
Street, 355, 615, 670, 673, 679-81, 699, 710,
787; see also Sayer, Robert
Bew, John, Paternoster Row, 24, 534
Bickerstaff Boston Almanack, 89, 103, 163, 169,
209, 234, 244, 309, 891
Bollan, Continued Corruption . . .,638
The Boston Gazette, 652, 654
The Boston Magazine, 1, 32, 72, 146, 205, 220,
860, 876
Bowles, Carrington, No. 69 St. Pauls Church
Yard, 351, 354, 357, 369-72, 382, 496, 523,
55J-52, 556, 558-59, 568, 577-78, 610, 668,
801, 872; next the Chapter House in St.
Pauls Church Yard, 634
Bowles, John, at No. 13 in Cornhill, 351, 354,
357, 369-72, 382, 523, 551-52, 556, 558-59,
568, 577-78, 610, 667; at the Black Horse in
Cornhill, 634
Boydell, John, Cheapside, London, 310
Boyne, I., No. 2 Shoe Lane Fleet St., 853
Brackenridge, The Battle of Bunkers-Hill, 255
Bradford, William, 619
Brion de la Tour, Atlas Ecclesiastique, 631
Brown, J., Rathbone Place, 873
Byrne, G., No. 43 Fishamble Street, 160
Cattermoul, J., No. 376 Oxford Street, 868
Chereau, J., rue St. Jacques au desous de la
Fontaine St. Severin au 2 Colonnes, 267
Ciseau, Nicolas, a Lyon a L'ensigne des armes
de Bourges, 783
Clagget, Mr., Sugar Loaf Court, Fanchurch
Building, London, 625
Clarke, An Impartial and Authentic Narrative
of the Battle, 696
Clouet, Geographie Moderne, 777
Cochin, Charles N., aux Galleries du Louvre, 59
Cochin, C, Chev. de l'Ordre du Roi a Paris, 60
Cockings, The American War, 253
Colley, Thomas, No. 257 High Holborn, 792-
93; No. 5 Acorn Court Rolls Building
Fetters Lane Old England, 820, 828, 830
The Columbian Magazine, 100, 223, 225, 344-46,
512, 515-17, 523, 535, 554, 561-62, 569-76,
579-82, 586, 589, 594, 600-1, 882-85, 889-90,
895, 898-99, 903
Constitutions of the Several Independent States
of America, 70, 218
"Corbutt"; see R. Purcell
Cornell, T., Bruton Street, Bond Street, 793,
854
Cowley, Ladies History of England, 281, 367
Cumberlege, S. A., at the Kings Arms, in
Pater-noster Row, 56, 842
Darchery (or D'Archery, Darchey, Dashery,
Dachery) Elizabeth, St. James Street, 770
818, 831, 846, 849, 861
447


Lattre, Graveur du Roi, Rue St. Jacques No.
20, 878
Laurie, Robt., No. 17 Rosomonds Row.
Clerkenwell, 768
Lavater, Johann, Essai sur Physionomie, 11$
Le Camus Md. de Drap, 229
le Mire, Noel, a Paris, rue et porte St. Jacques,
229
Le Noir, Md. du Cabinet des Estampes du
Roi au Louvre, 745
LeRay de Chaumont, 63
LeRouge, Atlas Ameriquain Septentrional', 356,
563,674
L'Isle, Atlas Geographique et Universal, 239, 867
The London Magazine, 16, 22, 27, 33, 36, 42,
54, 94, 112, 136, 153-55, 161, 188, 200, 202,
544, 635, 647, 653, 662, 664, 666, 671, 675,
678, 682, 698, 703, 724, 736
Loosjes, Gedenkzuil, ter Gelegenheid der Vry-
Verklaaring van Noord-America, 808
Lotter, Atlas Geographique, 550, 590, 660-61,
674, 722, 742-43; Atlas Novus Sive Tabulae
Geographicae, 659-61
Macklew, E., No. 9 Haymarket, 886
Marks, J., on the pav'd stones St. Martin's
Lane, 650
The Massachusetts Centinel, 892
The Massachusetts Magazine, 78, 143, 347,
482, 491, 509, 511, 513-14, 5l8, 532, 564, 902
Massachusetts Register, 1769, 642
The Massachusetts Spy, 657
Mills, I., No. 1 Ratcliff Row near the French
Hospital Old Street, 766
Mitchell, P., North Audly St. Grosr Sqr, 775
Mondhare, Rue St. Jacques a la Ville de Caen,
744
Mondhare, rue St. Jean de Beauvais pres celle
des Noyers, 326
Moore, W., W48 New Bond Street, 893; Oxford
Street, 896
Morris, John, London, 82
Muller, A Treatise of Artillery, 913-20
Murray, An Impartial History of the Present
War in America, 12, 17, 21, 23, 28, 67, 80,
9I-92, 95, io5, JI5, "9> I25, 137> I5I>
157, 162, 166, 178, 196, 214
Nee, Francois Denis, rue des Francs-Bourgeois,
77
New York Gazette, mentioned, 39
Owen, R., in Fleet Street, 809
Palairet [Collection of Maps], 634
Parker, H., in Cornhill, 604
Pennsylvania Chronicle, mentioned, 45
Pennsylvania Journal, 619
The Pennsylvania Magazine, 690-91
Phelps, W., 788
The Political Magazine, 24, 55, 534
The Political Register, 632, 645, 651
Pollard, Robert, No. 7 Braynes Row Spa Fields,
276, 313; No. 15 Braynes Row Spa Fields,
368
Ponce, Receuil d''estampes, 249, 252, 274, 287,
296, 303-7, 319, 321-22, 324, 328-29, 333-42
Ponce, Nicolas, rue St. Hiacinte, No. 19, 249,
252, 287, 296, 303-7, 319, 321-22, 324,
328-29, 333-42
P-oplicola H-istoricus, America pois'd in the
Balance of Justice, 705
Porlier, graveur, editeur, rue des cinq Diamans,
No. 8., 228
Portraits des Generaux, Ministres et Magistrats,
37, 46, 48, 86, 129, 180
Pridden, J., in Fleet Street, 627
Purcell, R., 9
The Rambler s Magazine, 852, 880
Rapin-Thoyras, History of England, 869
Raymond, History of England, 8, 312, 330—32
Reed, Map of Philadelphia, 591
Renegal, W., 772
Rich, E., little Print Shop facing Anderton's
Coffee House Fleet Street, 817
Richardson, George, 716
Richardson, W., no. 68 High Holborn, 740,
814, 820-21, 830; near Surry Street Strand,
828, 847-48
Ripa, A Collection of Emblematical Plates, 716
The Rise, Progress, and Present State of the
Dispute between the People of America and the
Administration, 704
Rivington, mentioned, 39
Robson, T., Newcastle upon Tyne, 12, 17, 21,
23, 28, 67, 80, 83, 91-92, 95, ioi, 105,
115, 119, 125, 137, 151, 157, 162, 166, 178,
196, 214
Roman, Natural History of East and West
Florida, 686
Royal American Magazine, 664, 666
Russell, Ezekial, 45
Russell, J., No 7 Blewets Buildings Fetter
Lane, London, 784
Russell, History of America, 19-20, 29, 62,
165, 172, 210, 361
Ryland and Bryer, at the King's Arms in
Cornhill, 4
Sackville, Correspondence du Lord G. Germain,
208
Santini, P., Atlas Universal, 239
Sayer, Robert, at No. 53 Fleet Street, 351, 354,
357, 369-72, 382, 523, 551-52, 555-56, 558-
59, 568, 577-78, 610; with John Bennett,
355, 615, 670, 673, 679-81, 699, 710, 787
Scenographia Americana, 265, 351, 354, 357,
369-72, 382, 523, 551-52, 556, 558-59, 568,
^ 577-78, 610
Sewall, J., Cornhill, 43, 118
Shepherd, C, London, 102, 147, 175, 207;
Lambeth Hill, Doctors Commons, 733
A Short Narrative of The Horrid Massacre in
Boston, 14.7
"Signers Collection" of J. Pierpont Morgan,
59, !°9
Simcoe, A Journal of the Operations of the
Queen s Rangers, 555
Simes, A New Military, Historical, and Ex-
planatory Dictionary, 906-12
Smith, Jno, No 35 Cheapside, 787
449


Grenville, George, 620, 622-25, 737; as Mr.
George Stamp, 623; mentioned, 199, 414
Grenville, George Nugent-Temple; see Temple,
2d Earl
Grenville, Richard; see Temple, 1st Earl
Grenville, Thomas, mentioned, 332
Grey, Charles Grey, 1st Earl, 101
Griffiths, Antony, mentioned, 679
Grimouard, Comte de, mentioned, 333-42
Guichen, Louis Urbain du Bouexic, Comte de,
135; mentioned, 42
Guilford, 2d Earl of; see North, Frederick
Guillouet, Louis; see Orvilliers, Comte de
Halifax, George Montagu Dunk, 2d Earl of,
620, 623-25; as Falconer Donaldson, 623
Hamilton, Alexander, mentioned, 551
Hamilton, William, seat of, 581
Hancock, John, 102-9, 741; his home, 518;
mentioned, 255, 516
Hanger, George, 4th Baron of Coleraine, 886-87
Harcourt, William, 270
Harley, Thomas, 643, 647
Harrington, 3d Earl; see Petersham, Viscount
Hastings, Warren, 893
Hayley, George, 700
Hayman, Francis, 627
Heath, W7illiam, no
Heathfield, 1st Baron; see Eliott, George
Augustus
Henley, Robert, 1st Earl of Northington,
627-28, 637
Hendrick (Tiyanoka), in
Henry VI, King of England, 55
Hertford, Francis Seymour Conway, 1st Earl
of, 637, 813, 817, 819; mentioned, 817a
Hill, Wills; see Hillsborough, 1st Earl
Hillsborough, Wills Hill, 1st Earl, 112, 636,
649, 655, 814
Holden, Samuel, mentioned, 513
Holland, Henry Fox, 1st Baron of, 627, 647-48,
651, 655, 665; mentioned, 54
Holme, Thomas, mentioned, 584
Hood, Samuel, 1st Viscount, 113, 184
Hopkins, Esek, 114-17, (called Robert
Hopkins), 117
Hopkins, Robert; see Hopkins, Esek
Horne-Tooke; see Tooke, John Home
House, Sam, 873
Howard, Frederick; see Carlisle, 5th Earl of
Howard, Thomas; see Effingham, 3d Earl of
Howe, Admiral Richard, Earl, 118-22,
629,711-12, 726, 728, 802, 811; mentioned,
35, 51-52, 164, 282, 283, 285, 546, 781, 828
Howe, General William, 5th Viscount,
123-27, 629, 703, 711, 726, 728, 748, 811,
864; mentioned, 28, 80, 101, 165, 270, 596-99,
693
Hughes, Edward, 128; mentioned, 333-42
Huntington, Samuel, 129-30
James II, King of England, mentioned, 55
Jay, John, 131; mentioned, 1, 822
Jefferson, Thomas, mentioned, 764
Jenkinson, Elizabeth, mentioned, 33
Johnson, George, mentioned, 144
Johnson, Samuel, mentioned, 806
Johnstone, George, 728-29, 737, 741; men-
tioned, 144
Jones, John Paul, 132-34, 221, 336, 778, 783;
mentioned, 309, 333
Kempenfelt, Richard, 135
Keppel, Augustus, Viscount, 136-38,
814, 817-18, 820, 822, 827, 848, 856-57,
873; mentioned, 280, 303-7, 736
Kersaint, Armand Guy Simon de Coetnempren,
Comte de, 303-7
Knox, Henry, 139
Ladbroke, Sir Robert, 647; mentioned, 643
Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch
Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de, 140-43;
mentioned, 52, 227, 230, 333
Lamb, John, mentioned, 679
La Motte-Piquet, 333; mentioned, 791
Landais, Pierre de, mentioned, 310
Langara, Don Juan de, mentioned, 313
La Perouse, Comte de, mentioned, 333-42
Laurens, Henry, 144-46, 221
Lavater, Johann Kaepar, mentioned, 226
Lee, Charles, 147-51; captured 270
Lee, Henry, mentioned, 567
Lee, John, 873
Legge, William; see Dartmouth, 2d Earl of
Lennox, Charles; see Richmond, 3d Duke of
Lincoln, Benjamin, 152, 325; mentioned, 302
Lincoln, Lord; see Clinton, Thomas Pelham
Livingston, Abraham, mentioned, 679
Locke, John, mentioned, 234, 636, 854
Loughborough, Alexander Wedderburn, 1st
Baron, 153, 623-25, 684
Louis XV, King of France, 645
Louis XVI, King of France, 203, 766, 787;
mentioned, 15, 144, 333
Loyola, Saint Ignatius of, mentioned, 829
Low, Cornelius, mentioned, 679
Lugg, William, 679
Luttrell, Henry Fownes, 644, 702
Luttrell, John, Capt., 311
Macartney, George, Baron, 154
McCrea, Jane, 725; mentioned, 274
McDougall, Alexander, mentioned, 679
Maitland, John, mentioned, 302
Malcom, John, 249, 668-70; mentioned, 692
Manners, John; see Granby, Marquis of
Manners, Robert, 330
Mansfield, David Murray, 2d Earl of; see
Stormont, 7th Viscount
Mansfield, William Murray, 1st Earl of, 155,
637, 645, 651, 655, 664-65, 677, 682, 684-85,
696, 703, 725> 754, 763, 772, 813-14, 817a,
818, 856
Maria Theresa, Queen of Hungary and Bo-
hemia, 645
Markham, William, Archbishop of York, 740,
8i7-i7a
Maverick, Samuel, 247, 654
Mercer, Hugh, mentioned, 761
Micoud, de, 290
Montagu, John; see Sandwich, 4th Earl of
Montgomery, Richard, 156-58; death of 258;
mentioned, 9, 23, 333, 349-50, 761
453


Moody, James, 314
Morris, Gouverneur, 159; mentioned, 551
[Morton, Perez ?], 256
Moultrie, William, mentioned, 260
Mowat, Henry, 257
Murray, David; see Stormont, 7th Viscount
Murray, General James, 864; mentioned,
328, 371
Murray, John, 4th Earl Dunmore, mentioned,
753
Murray, William; see Mansfield, 1st Earl of
Musgrave, Dr. Samuel, 649
"Nelson" [Perez Morton?], 256
Newcastle; see Clinton, Thomas Pelham, 3d
Duke
Newcastle, Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke
of, 627
North, Frederick, 2d Earl of Guilford (Lord
North), 160-62, 664-66, 672, 675-77, 682,
685, 696, 702-3, 732, 737, 741, 747, 763,
765, 767, 77°, 789, 794, 809-11, 8i3-i7a,
819, 823, 853, 856-57, 870-71, 873, 877, 886-
88, 893, 896; mentioned, 16, 19, 33, 54, 94,
97, 112, 153, I99, 751, 753, 854
Northington, 1st Earl of; see Henley, Robert
Northumberland, 2d Duke of; see Percy, Hugh
Norton, Sir Fletcher, 625, 637, 655
Nugent, Robert, 1st Earl, 856
Oglethorpe, James Edward, 806
O'Hara, Charles, 324-25
Oronoco, Prince, of Africa, 745
Orvilliers, Louis Guillouet, Comte de, men-
tioned, 303-7, 28o> 333
Oswald, Richard, mentioned, 822
Otis, James Jr., 163; mentioned, 234
Paine, Thomas, mentioned, 183
Palliser, Admiral Hugh, 827
Parker, Peter, 164; mentioned, 42, 260, 302,
605-6, 611
Parrawankaw, 233
Paul, Francois Joseph; see De Grasse, Comte
Paulding, John, 315
Peale, Angelica, mentioned, 587
Pearson, Richard, mentioned, 133, 309
Pelham-Holles, Thomas; see Newcastle, 1st
Duke of
Penn, William, mentioned, 584, 588
Percy, Hugh, 2d Duke of Northumberland,
165-67
Petersham, Charles Stanhope, Viscount, 3d
Earl Harrington, 168
Petty, William Fitzmaurice; see Shelburne, 2d
Earl of
Pigot, Robert, mentioned, 286
Pitt, Thomas, 857
Pitt, William, 1st Earl of Chatham (1708-
1778), 169-73, 623-24, 626-30, 637, 655,
700-1; mentioned, 22, 357, 692
Pitt, William (1759-1806), 809, 814, 856, 874,
880, 888; mentioned, 857, 873, 897
Pope, the (i779)> 754
Portland, William Henry Cavendish-Bentinck,
3d Duke of, 853, 857, 861, 873
Pratt, Charles; see Camden, 1st Earl of
Prescott, William, mentioned, 175
Prevost, Augustine, mentioned, 302
Price, Richard, 174
Prince of Wales (later George IV, King of
England), 627, 831, 886-88, 896
Putnam, Israel, 175-79; mentioned, 160, 204
Randolph, Peyton, mentioned, 250
Raynal, Guillaume-Thomas-Francois, 183
Reed, Joseph, 180-82
Richard III, King of England, mentioned, 823
Richmond, Charles Lennox, 3d Duke of, 741,
809, 813-14, 818, 822, 827, 856, 888
Rigby, Richard, 809, 813
Robinson, Mary (Mrs. Thomas), 870
Rochambeau, Jean Baptiste Donatien de
Vimeur, Comte de, 324-26, 332-33, 776;
mentioned, 52, 318
Rochford, William Henry Nassau Zuylestein,
4th Earl of, 637, 645
Rockingham, Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2d
Marquis of, 623-24, 626-27, 813, 819;
mentioned, 54, 199, 845
Rodney, George Brydges, 184-85, 762, 766,
7^9, 775, 791, 793; represented by a whip,
790; mentioned, 313, 320, 330, 790, 869
Rogers, Robert, 186
Rousseau, Jean Jacques, mentioned, 745
Rush, Benjamin, mentioned, 564
Russell, John; see Bedford, 4th Duke of
Sackville, George; see Germain, George Sack-
ville
Sandwich, John Montagu, 4th Earl of, 620,
623-25, 655, 664-65, 696, 703, 741a, 747,
754, 792, 809-10, 813-15, 817a, 819, 823;
as Jemmy Twitcher, 620, 623, 625
Schuyler, Philip John, 187
Scott, Dr. W., 620-21, 623-25; as Antisejanus,
620-21, 623
Sears, Isaac, mentioned, 679
Seeker, Thomas, Archbishop of Canterbury,
636
Segur, Louis Philippe, Comte de, mentioned,
333
Sejanus; see Bute
Shakespeare, quoted, 709, 856
Shelburne, William Fitzmaurice Petty, 2d
Earl of, 188-89, 628, 815, 822, 827, 829,
845-46, 848-49, 853, 856-57; mentioned,
43, 850
Sheridan, Richard Brinsley, 856, 874, 886, 888
Shirley, Sir Thomas, mentioned, 329
Shuldham, Molyneux, 35
Sidney, Algernon, mentioned, 234, 636, 818, 854
Skene, Philip, 273
Spencer, Charlotte, 160
Squintum, Dr.; see Whitefield, George
Stamp, Mr. George; see Grenville
Stanhope, Charles; see Petersham, Viscount
Stanley, Edward Smith; see Derby, 13th Earl
Steuben, Baron Frederick William Augustus
von, 190; mentioned, 557
Stiles, Ezra, 191-92
Stormont, David Murray, 7th Viscount, 814,
873
Stuart, Charles Edward, 754
Stuart, John; see Bute, 3d Earl of
454