id author title date pages extension mime words sentences flesch summary cache txt en-wikipedia-org-9316 William Wells Brown - Wikipedia .html text/html 4427 466 71 While working for abolition, Brown also supported causes including: temperance, women's suffrage, pacifism, prison reform, and an anti-tobacco movement.[1] His novel Clotel (1853), considered the first novel written by an African American, was published in London, England, where he resided at the time; it was later published in the United States. A descendant of Mayflower passenger Stephen Hopkins through his father, William was born into slavery in 1814 (or March 15, 1815) near Lexington, Kentucky, where his mother Elizabeth was a slave (she was of Native American and Black ancestry). He later wrote that during the seven-month period of time from May to December 1842, he had helped 69 fugitives reach Canada.[11][12] Brown became active in the abolitionist movement in Buffalo by joining several anti-slavery societies and the Negro Convention Movement. Brown", in Slave Narratives, eds William Andrews and Henry Louis Gates (Literary Classics of United States Inc, 2000), 374 -423. ./cache/en-wikipedia-org-9316.html ./txt/en-wikipedia-org-9316.txt