Mid-Atlantic (United States) - Wikipedia Mid-Atlantic (United States) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation Jump to search Region of the United States Place Mid-Atlantic Left-right from top: Manhattan skyline, Independence Hall in Philadelphia, Assateague wetlands, Panorama of Philadelphia, Catskill Mountains, Pittsburgh skyline, Panorama of Washington, D.C. States in dark red are traditionally included in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeast regions, while states in pink are traditionally included in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeast regions. Coordinates: 41°N 77°W / 41°N 77°W / 41; -77Coordinates: 41°N 77°W / 41°N 77°W / 41; -77 Composition New York New Jersey Pennsylvania Delaware Maryland Washington, D.C. Virginia West Virginia Metropolitan areas Baltimore–Washington Buffalo–Niagara Falls Albany–Schenectady–Troy Philadelphia–Wilmington New York–Newark Allentown–Bethlehem–Easton Pittsburgh Richmond Rochester Syracuse Scranton–Wilkes-Barre Harrisburg–York–Lebanon Virginia Beach–Norfolk–Newport News Largest city New York Area  • Total 191,308.5 sq mi (495,487 km2) Population (2008 est.)[1]  • Total 57,303,316  • Density 300/sq mi (120/km2) GDP[2]  • Total $2.962 trillion (2007) The Middle Atlantic states, commonly shortened to Mid-Atlantic states, is a region of the United States generally located in the overlap between the Northeastern and Southeastern States. Its exact definition differs upon source, but the region usually includes New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Washington, D.C., Virginia, and West Virginia. When discussing climate, Connecticut is sometimes included in the region, since its climate is closer to that of the Middle Atlantic states than the rest of the New England states.[3] The Mid-Atlantic has played an important role in the development of American culture, commerce, trade and industry;[4] in the late 19th century, the Mid-Atlantic was called "the typically American" region by Frederick Jackson Turner. Euro-Americans of Mid-Atlantic society have their ancestral origin from its settlement by Dutch, Swedes, English Catholics, and Quakers through to the period of British rule, and beyond to the current day. Religious pluralism existed, particularly in Maryland, which was the only Catholic-majority colony of the original Thirteen Colonies. After the American Revolution, the Mid-Atlantic region hosted each of the historic capitals of the United States, including the current federal capital, Washington, D.C. In the early part of the 19th century, New York and Pennsylvania overtook Virginia as the most populous states and the New England states as the country's most important trading and industrial centers. Large numbers of German, Irish, Italian, Jewish, Polish and other immigrants transformed the region, especially coastal cities such as New York City, Newark, Philadelphia and Baltimore, but also interior cities such as Pittsburgh, Rochester, Albany and Buffalo. New York, with its skyscrapers, subways, and the Headquarters of the United Nations, emerged in the 20th century as an icon of modernity and American economic and cultural power. By the 21st century, the coastal areas of the Mid-Atlantic were thoroughly urbanized. The Northeast Corridor and Interstate 95 link an almost contiguous sprawl of suburbs and large and small cities, forming the Mid-Atlantic portion of the Northeast megalopolis, one of the world's most important concentrations of finance, media, communications, education, medicine and technology. The Mid-Atlantic is a relatively affluent region of the nation, having 43 of the 100 highest-income counties in the nation based on median household income and 33 of the top 100 based on per capita income. Most of the Mid-Atlantic states rank among the 15 highest-income states in the nation by median household income and per capita income. The region is home to some of the most prestigious universities in the nation and world including Columbia University, Cornell University, Johns Hopkins University, the University of Pennsylvania, and Princeton University, which rank among the top 20 universities in the United States and the top 25 universities in the world.[5][6] Contents 1 Defining the Mid-Atlantic 2 History 3 Major cities and urban areas 3.1 Metropolitan areas 3.2 State capitals 4 In presidential elections 5 Culture 5.1 Sports 6 See also 7 References 8 Bibliography 9 External links Defining the Mid-Atlantic[edit] There are differing interpretations as to the composition of the Mid-Atlantic, with sources including in the region a number of states from New York to South Carolina.[7] A United States Geological Survey publication describes the Mid-Atlantic Region as all of Maryland, Delaware, the District of Columbia, Pennsylvania, and Virginia, along with the parts of New Jersey, New York, and North Carolina that drain into the Delaware and Chesapeake Bays and the Albemarle and Pamlico Sounds.[8] Sometimes, the nucleus is considered to be the area centered on the Washington metropolitan area, including Maryland, Virginia, Delaware and West Virginia.[9] West Virginia and Virginia are atypical of this region in a few ways. They are the only states to lie primarily within the Southern American dialect region,[10] and the major religious tradition in both states is Evangelical Christian, 30% in Virginia and 39% in West Virginia.[11] Although a few of West Virginia's eastern panhandle counties are considered part of the Washington, D.C. MSA, the major portion of the state is rural, and there are no major or even large cities.[12] A USGS fact-sheet interpretation of the Mid-Atlantic in terms of groundwater.[13] An 1897 map displays an inclusive definition of the Mid-Atlantic region. An 1886 "Harper's School Geography" map showing the region, exclusive of Virginia and West Virginia. History[edit] Shipping containers at the Port Newark–Elizabeth Marine Terminal, part of the Port of New York and New Jersey Shipping and trade have been important to the Mid-Atlantic economy since the beginning of the colonial era. The explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano was the first European to see the region in 1524. Henry Hudson later extensively explored that region in 1611 and claimed it for the Dutch, who then created a fur-trading post in Albany in 1614. Jamestown, Virginia was the first permanent English colony in North America, it was established seven years earlier in 1607. From early colonial times, the Mid-Atlantic region was settled by a wider range of European people than in New England or the South. The Dutch New Netherland settlement along the Hudson River in New York and New Jersey, and for a time, New Sweden along the Delaware River in Delaware, divided the two great bulwarks of English settlement from each other. The original English settlements in the region notably provided refuge to religious minorities, Maryland to Roman Catholics, and Pennsylvania to Quakers and Anabaptist Pennsylvania Dutch. In time, all these settlements fell under English colonial control, but the region continued to be a magnet for people of diverse nationalities. The area that came to be known as the Middle Colonies served as a strategic bridge between the North and South. The New York and New Jersey campaign during the American Revolutionary War saw more battles than any other theater of the conflict. Philadelphia, midway between the northern and southern colonies, was home to the Continental Congress, the convention of delegates who organized the American Revolution. The same city was the birthplace of the Declaration of Independence in 1776 and the United States Constitution in 1787, while the United States Bill of Rights was drafted and ratified, and the first Supreme Court of the United States sat for the first time, in the first capital under the Constitution at New York. While early settlers were mostly farmers, traders, and fishermen, the Mid-Atlantic states provided the young United States with heavy industry and served as the "melting pot" of new immigrants from Europe. Cities grew along major ports, shipping routes, and waterways. Such flourishing cities included New York and Newark on opposite sides of the Hudson River, Philadelphia on the Delaware River and Baltimore on the Chesapeake Bay. Major cities and urban areas[edit] New York Philadelphia Baltimore Washington, D.C. Metropolitan areas[edit] Largest Metropolitan Statistical Areas by Population in the Mid-Atlantic Region MSA 2016 Estimate 2010 Census 1 New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA 20,153,634 19,567,410 2 Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV 6,131,977 5,636,232 3 Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD 6,070,500 5,965,343 4 Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD 2,798,886 2,710,489 5 Pittsburgh, PA 2,342,299 2,356,285 6 Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC 1,726,907 1,676,822 7 Richmond, VA 1,281,708 1,208,101 8 Buffalo-Cheektowaga-Niagara Falls, NY 1,132,804 1,135,509 9 Rochester, NY 1,078,879 1,079,671 10 Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY 881,839 870,716 Top Ten Largest Cities by Population in the Mid-Atlantic Region City 2016 Est. 1 New York, NY 8,537,673 2 Philadelphia, PA 1,567,872 3 Washington, D.C. 681,170 4 Baltimore, MD 614,664 5 Virginia Beach, VA 425,602 6 Pittsburgh, PA 303,625 7 Newark, NJ 281,764 8 Jersey City, New Jersey 264,152 9 Buffalo, New York 259,902 10 Norfolk, Virginia 245,115 State capitals[edit] Albany, New York Harrisburg, Pennsylvania Trenton, New Jersey Dover, Delaware Annapolis, Maryland Richmond, Virginia Charleston, West Virginia Note: The Mid-Atlantic region is also home to the nation's capital, Washington, D.C.. In presidential elections[edit] Parties Nonpartisan Federalist Democratic-Republican National Republican Democratic Whig Know Nothing Republican Constitutional Union Progressive Bold denotes election winner. Presidential electoral votes in the Mid-Atlantic states since 1789 Year Delaware District of Columbia Maryland New Jersey New York Pennsylvania Virginia West Virginia 1789 Washington No election Washington Washington Gridlocked Washington Washington No election 1792 Washington No election Washington Washington Washington Washington Washington No election 1796 Adams No election Adams Adams Adams Jefferson Jefferson No election 1800 Adams No election Jefferson Adams Jefferson Jefferson Jefferson No election 1804 Pinckney No election Jefferson Jefferson Jefferson Jefferson Jefferson No election 1808 Pinckney No election Madison Madison Madison Madison Madison No election 1812 Clinton No election Madison Clinton Clinton Madison Madison No election 1816 King No election Monroe Monroe Monroe Monroe Monroe No election 1820 Monroe No election Monroe Monroe Monroe Monroe Monroe No election 1824 Crawford No election Jackson Jackson Adams Jackson Crawford No election 1828 Adams No election Adams Adams Jackson Jackson Jackson No election 1832 Clay No election Clay Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson No election 1836 Harrison No election Harrison Harrison Van Buren Van Buren Van Buren No election 1840 Harrison No election Harrison Harrison Harrison Harrison Van Buren No election 1844 Clay No election Clay Clay Polk Polk Polk No election 1848 Taylor No election Taylor Taylor Taylor Taylor Cass No election 1852 Pierce No election Pierce Pierce Pierce Pierce Pierce No election 1856 Buchanan No election Fillmore Buchanan Frémont Buchanan Buchanan No election 1860 Breckinridge No election Breckinridge Lincoln Lincoln Lincoln Bell No election 1864 McClellan No election Lincoln McClellan Lincoln Lincoln No election Lincoln 1868 Seymour No election Seymour Seymour Seymour Grant No election Grant 1872 Grant No election Hendricks Grant Grant Grant Grant Grant 1876 Tilden No election Tilden Tilden Tilden Hayes Tilden Tilden 1880 Hancock No election Hancock Hancock Garfield Garfield Hancock Hancock 1884 Cleveland No election Cleveland Cleveland Cleveland Blaine Cleveland Cleveland 1888 Cleveland No election Cleveland Cleveland Harrison Harrison Cleveland Cleveland 1892 Cleveland No election Cleveland Cleveland Cleveland Harrison Cleveland Cleveland 1896 McKinley No election McKinley McKinley McKinley McKinley Bryan McKinley 1900 McKinley No election McKinley McKinley McKinley McKinley Bryan McKinley 1904 Roosevelt No election Parker Roosevelt Roosevelt Roosevelt Parker Roosevelt 1908 Taft No election Bryan Taft Taft Taft Bryan Taft 1912 Wilson No election Wilson Wilson Wilson Roosevelt Wilson Wilson 1916 Hughes No election Wilson Hughes Hughes Hughes Wilson Hughes 1920 Harding No election Harding Harding Harding Harding Cox Harding 1924 Coolidge No election Coolidge Coolidge Coolidge Coolidge Davis Coolidge 1928 Hoover No election Hoover Hoover Hoover Hoover Hoover Hoover 1932 Hoover No election Roosevelt Roosevelt Roosevelt Hoover Roosevelt Roosevelt 1936 Roosevelt No election Roosevelt Roosevelt Roosevelt Roosevelt Roosevelt Roosevelt 1940 Roosevelt No election Roosevelt Roosevelt Roosevelt Roosevelt Roosevelt Roosevelt 1944 Roosevelt No election Roosevelt Roosevelt Roosevelt Roosevelt Roosevelt Roosevelt 1948 Dewey No election Dewey Dewey Dewey Dewey Truman Truman 1952 Eisenhower No election Eisenhower Eisenhower Eisenhower Eisenhower Eisenhower Stevenson 1956 Eisenhower No election Eisenhower Eisenhower Eisenhower Eisenhower Eisenhower Eisenhower 1960 Kennedy No election Kennedy Kennedy Kennedy Kennedy Nixon Kennedy 1964 Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson Johnson 1968 Nixon Humphrey Humphrey Nixon Humphrey Humphrey Nixon Humphrey 1972 Nixon McGovern Nixon Nixon Nixon Nixon Nixon Nixon 1976 Carter Carter Carter Ford Carter Carter Ford Carter 1980 Reagan Carter Carter Reagan Reagan Reagan Reagan Carter 1984 Reagan Mondale Reagan Reagan Reagan Reagan Reagan Reagan 1988 Bush Dukakis Bush Bush Dukakis Bush Bush Dukakis 1992 Clinton Clinton Clinton Clinton Clinton Clinton Bush Clinton 1996 Clinton Clinton Clinton Clinton Clinton Clinton Dole Clinton 2000 Gore Gore Gore Gore Gore Gore Bush Bush 2004 Kerry Kerry Kerry Kerry Kerry Kerry Bush Bush 2008 Obama Obama Obama Obama Obama Obama Obama McCain 2012 Obama Obama Obama Obama Obama Obama Obama Romney 2016 Clinton Clinton Clinton Clinton Clinton Trump Clinton Trump 2020 Biden Biden Biden Biden Biden Biden Biden Trump Year Delaware District of Columbia Maryland New Jersey New York Pennsylvania Virginia West Virginia Culture[edit] Sports[edit] The Mid-Atlantic is home to 33 professional sports franchises in the five major leagues and the two most prominent women's professional leagues: NFL NHL MLB NBA MLS WNBA NWSL New York/New Jersey Giants Jets Devils Islanders Rangers Mets Yankees Knicks Nets NYC FC Red Bulls Liberty Sky Blue Washington Washington Football Team Capitals Nationals Wizards United Mystics Spirit Philadelphia Eagles Flyers Phillies 76ers Union Pittsburgh Steelers Penguins Pirates Baltimore Ravens Orioles Buffalo Bills Sabres Notable golf tournaments in the Mid-Atlantic include the Barclays, Quicken Loans National and Atlantic City LPGA Classic. The US Open, held in New York, is one of the four Grand Slam tennis tournaments, whereas Washington Open is part of the ATP World Tour 500 series. Notable motorsports tracks include Watkins Glen International, Dover International Speedway and Pocono Raceway, which have hosted Formula One, IndyCar, NASCAR, World Sportscar Championship and IMSA races. Also, the Englishtown and Reading drag strips such have hosted NHRA national events. Pimlico Race Course at Baltimore and Belmont Park at New York host the Preakness Stakes and Belmont Stakes horse races, which are part of the Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing. See also[edit] List of regions of the United States References[edit] ^ "State & County QuickFacts". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2020-02-12. Retrieved 2009-04-09. ^ "News Release: GDP by State" (PDF). Bureau of Economic Analysis. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-05-07. Retrieved 2009-04-16. ^ "Middle Atlantic states - region, United States". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2 November 2017. ^ "United States". Encyclopædia Britannica. 2009. Retrieved 2009-04-09. ^ "National University Rankings". U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved 20 March 2020. ^ "Best Global Universities Rankings". U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved 20 March 2020. ^ "Merriam-Webster". Merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 2017-08-30. ^ Earl A. Greene et al. "Ground-Water Vulnerability to Nitrate Contamination in the Mid-Atlantic Region". USGS Fact Sheet FS 2004-3067. 2005. Retrieved 25 April 2013. Note: Although the locator map appears to exclude part of northwestern Pennsylvania, other more detailed maps in this article include all of the state. Often when discussing climate, southern Connecticut is included with the Middle Atlantic. ^ "Word Net Definition". Wordnetweb.princeton.edu. Retrieved 2009-04-09. ^ Labov, William, Sharon Ash and Charles Boberg, Atlas of North American English: Phonetics, Phonology and Sound Change, Mouton de Gruyter, 2005 Southern Regional Map ^ "Religious Landscape Study". Religions.pewforum.org. 11 May 2015. Retrieved 2 November 2017. ^ "U.S. Census 2000 Report" (PDF). Census.gov. Retrieved 2 November 2017. ^ Earl A. Greene et al. "Ground-Water Vulnerability to Nitrate Contamination in the Mid-Atlantic Region". USGS Fact Sheet FS 2004-3067. 2005. Retrieved 25 April 2013.Note: Although the locator map appears to exclude part of northwestern Pennsylvania, other more detailed maps in this article include all of the state. Bibliography[edit] Bodle, Wayne, "The Mid-Atlantic and the American Revolution", Pennsylvania History 82 (Summer 2015), 282–99. Heineman, Kenneth J., "The Only Things You Will Find in the Middle of the Road are Double Yellow Lines, Dead Frogs, and Electoral Leverage: Mid-Atlantic Political Culture and Influence across the Centuries", Pennsylvania History, 82 (Summer 2015), 300–13. Landsman, Ned C. Crossroads of Empire: The Middle Colonies in British North America (2010) Longhurst, James. "'Typically American': Trends in the History of Environmental Politics and Policy in the Mid-Atlantic Region". Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies 79.4 (2012): 409–427. Magoc, Chris J., "In Search of a Useable—and Hopeful—Environmental Narrative in the Mid-Atlantic", Pennsylvania History, 82 (Summer 2015), 314–28. Mancall, Peter C., Joshua L. Rosenbloom, and Thomas Weiss. "Exports from the Colonies and States of the Middle Atlantic Region 1720–1800". Research in Economic History 29 (2013): 257–305. Marzec, Robert. The Mid-Atlantic Region: The Greenwood Encyclopedia of American Regional Cultures (2004) Richter, Daniel K, "Mid-Atlantic Colonies, R.I.P.", Pennsylvania History, 82 (Summer 2015), 257–81. Rosenbloom, Joshua L., and Thomas Weiss. "Economic growth in the Mid-Atlantic region: Conjectural estimates for 1720 to 1800". Explorations in Economic History 51 (2014): 41–59. External links[edit] Mid-Atlantic travel guide from Wikivoyage v t e Earth's primary regions and subregions v t e Regions of Africa Central Guinea region Gulf of Guinea Cape Lopez Mayombe Igboland Mbaise Pool Malebo Congo Basin Chad Basin Cameroonian Highlands forests East Sudanian savanna Congolian rainforests Ouaddaï highlands Ennedi Plateau East African Great Lakes Albertine Rift East African Rift Great Rift Valley Gregory Rift Rift Valley lakes Virunga Mountains Kavirondo Zanj East African montane forests Eastern Arc Mountains Serengeti Horn of Africa Afar Triangle Al-Habash Barbaria Danakil Alps Danakil Desert Ethiopian Highlands Dahlak Archipelago Hanish Islands Gulf of Aden Gulf of Tadjoura Red Sea Indian Ocean islands Comoro Islands Lamu Archipelago Madagascar Central Highlands (Madagascar) Northern Highlands Zanzibar Archipelago Swahili coast North Eastern Desert Maghreb Ancient Libya Atlas Mountains Barbary Coast Bashmur Gibraltar Arc Ifriqiya Nile Valley Nile Delta Cataracts of the Nile Darfur Lower Egypt Lower Nubia Middle Egypt Nile Delta Nuba Mountains Nubia The Sudans Upper Egypt Tibesti Mountains Western Sahara South Rhodesia North South Thembuland Succulent Karoo Nama Karoo Bushveld Maputaland Highveld Fynbos Indian Ocean coastal belt Albany thickets Cape Floristic Region Skeleton Coast Kalahari Desert Okavango Delta Cape Peninsula False Bay West Pepper Coast Gold Coast Slave Coast Ivory Coast Cape Palmas Cape Mesurado Guinea region Guinean Forests of West Africa Upper Guinean forests Lower Guinean forests Guinean forest-savanna mosaic Guinea Highlands Gulf of Guinea Dahomey Gap Niger Basin Niger Delta Inner Niger Delta West Sudanian savanna Yorubaland Macro-regions Aethiopia Afromontane Arab world Commonwealth realm Equatorial Africa Françafrique Greater Middle East Guineo-Congolian region Islands of Africa List of countries where Arabic is an official language Mediterranean Basin MENA MENASA Middle East Miombo woodlands Mittelafrika Negroland Northeast Africa Portuguese-speaking African countries Sahara Sahel Sub-Saharan Africa Sudan (region) Sudanian savanna Tropical Africa Zambezian region v t e Regions of Asia Central (The 'stans) Roof of the World Greater Middle East Aral Sea Aralkum Desert Caspian Sea Dead Sea Sea of Galilee Tartary Transoxiana Turan Greater Khorasan Ariana Arachosia Khwarazm Sistan Kazakhstania Kazakh Steppe Betpak-Dala Eurasian Steppe Kazakh Steppe Pontic–Caspian steppe Mongolian-Manchurian grassland Wild Fields Yedisan Muravsky Trail Ural Ural Mountains Volga region Idel-Ural Pryazovia Bjarmaland Kuban Zalesye Ingria Novorossiya Gornaya Shoriya Tulgas Iranian Plateau Altai Mountains Pamir Mountains Tian Shan Badakhshan Wakhan Corridor Wakhjir Pass Mount Imeon Mongolian Plateau Western Regions Taklamakan Desert Karakoram Trans-Karakoram Tract Siachen Glacier Tibetan Plateau East (Northeast) Orient Japanese archipelago Northeastern Japan Arc Sakhalin Island Arc Korea Gobi Desert Taklamakan Desert Greater Khingan Mongolian Plateau Inner Asia Inner Mongolia Outer Mongolia China proper Manchuria Outer Manchuria Inner Manchuria Northeast China Plain Mongolian-Manchurian grassland North China Plain Yan Mountains Kunlun Mountains Liaodong Peninsula High-mountain Asia Himalayas Tibetan Plateau Tibet Karakoram Tarim Basin Sichuan Basin Northern Silk Road Hexi Corridor Nanzhong Lingnan Liangguang Jiangnan Jianghuai Guanzhong Huizhou Wu Jiaozhou Zhongyuan Shaannan Ordos Loop Loess Plateau Shaanbei Hamgyong Mountains Central Mountain Range Japanese Alps Suzuka Mountains Leizhou Peninsula Gulf of Tonkin Yangtze River Yangtze River Delta Yellow River Pearl River Delta Yenisey Basin Altai Mountains Wakhan Corridor Wakhjir Pass Far East Ring of Fire Asia-Pacific Tropical Asia North (Siberia) Arctic Arctic Circle Inner Asia Northeast Ural Ural Mountains Far East Russian Far East Okhotsk-Manchurian taiga Beringia Chukchi Peninsula Kamchatka Peninsula Extreme North Tartary Siberia Baikalia (Lake Baikal) Baraba steppe Khatanga Gulf Transbaikal West Amur Basin Yenisey Gulf Yenisey Basin Sikhote-Alin Kolyma Bering Strait Ring of Fire Outer Manchuria Asia-Pacific Southeast (Nanyang) Orient Sundaland Mainland Indochina Malay Peninsula Northern Triangle temperate forests Maritime Peninsular Malaysia Sunda Islands Greater Sunda Islands Lesser Sunda Islands Indonesian Archipelago Wallacea Timor Philippine Archipelago Luzon Visayas Mindanao Leyte Gulf Gulf of Thailand East Indies Nanyang Alpide belt Far East Ring of Fire Asia-Pacific Tropical Asia South (Indian subcontinent) Orient Greater India Indian subcontinent Himalayas Hindu Kush Bactria Carnatic region Tamilakam Western Ghats Eastern Ghats Ganges Basin Ganges Delta Guzgan Pashtunistan Punjab Balochistan Gedrosia Makran Marathwada Kashmir Kashmir Valley Pir Panjal Range Thar Desert Indus Valley Indus River Delta Indus Valley Desert Indo-Gangetic Plain Eastern Coastal Plains Kalinga Western Coastal Plains Meghalaya subtropical forests MENASA Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows Doab Bagar tract Great Rann of Kutch Little Rann of Kutch Deccan Plateau Coromandel Coast Konkan False Divi Point Hindi Belt Ladakh Aksai Chin Gilgit-Baltistan Baltistan Shigar Valley High-mountain Asia Karakoram Saltoro Mountains Siachen Glacier Bengal Bay of Bengal Gulf of Khambhat Gulf of Kutch Halar Gulf of Mannar Trans-Karakoram Tract Wakhan Corridor Wakhjir Pass Lakshadweep Laccadive Islands Amindivi Islands Paropamisadae Andaman and Nicobar Islands Andaman Islands Nicobar Islands Maldive Islands Alpide belt Asia-Pacific Tropical Asia Tibetan Plateau West (Middle East) Greater Middle East MENASA MENA Middle East Red Sea Hanish Islands Caspian Sea Mediterranean Sea Zagros Mountains Elam Persian Gulf Pirate Coast Strait of Hormuz Greater and Lesser Tunbs Al-Faw Peninsula Gulf of Oman Gulf of Aqaba Gulf of Aden Balochistan Arabian Peninsula Najd Al-Yamama Hejaz Tihamah Eastern Arabia South Arabia Hadhramaut Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert Tropical Asia Al-Sharat Tigris–Euphrates Mesopotamia Upper Mesopotamia Lower Mesopotamia Sawad Nineveh plains Akkad (region) Babylonia Canaan Aram Aram-Naharaim Eber-Nari Suhum Eastern Mediterranean Mashriq Kurdistan Levant (Syria region) Palestine region (Holy Land, Land of Israel) Transjordan Jordan Rift Valley Golan Heights Hula Valley Galilee Gilead Judea Samaria Arabah Negev Levantine Sea Anti-Lebanon Mountains Sinai Peninsula Arabian Desert Syrian Desert Fertile Crescent Azerbaijan Hauran Iranian Plateau Dasht-e Kavir Armenian Highlands Caucasus Caucasus Mountains Greater Caucasus Lesser Caucasus North Caucasus South Caucasus Shirvan Kur-Araz Lowland Lankaran Lowland Alborz Absheron Peninsula Kartli Anatolia Taurus Mountains Aeolis Paphlagonia Phasiane Isauria Ionia Bithynia Cilicia Cappadocia Caria Corduene Chaldia Doris Lycaonia Lycia Lydia Galatia Pisidia Pontus Mysia Arzawa Speri Sophene Biga Peninsula Troad Tuwana Alpide belt v t e Regions of Europe North Arctic Arctic Circle Nordic Northwestern Scandinavia Scandinavian Peninsula Fennoscandia Baltoscandia Jutland Gotland Sápmi Ingria West Nordic Baltic Baltic Sea Gulf of Bothnia Gulf of Finland Iceland Faroe Islands Livonia Curonian Spit Nemunas Delta East Danubian countries Prussia Galicia Volhynia Wallachia Transylvania Moldavia Bukovina Bessarabia Livonia Ruthenia Carpathian Ruthenia Donbass Sloboda Ukraine Sambia Peninsula Amber Coast Curonian Spit Izyum Trail Lithuania Minor Nemunas Delta Baltic Baltic Sea Vyborg Bay Karelia East Karelia Karelian Isthmus Lokhaniemi Southeastern Balkans Crimea North Caucasus Greater Caucasus Kabardia European Russia Arctic Arctic Circle Taman Peninsula Southern Russia Kola Peninsula East European Plain Ryn Desert Central North European Plain Baltic Baltic Sea Alpine states Alpide belt Visegrád Group Rhineland Eastphalia Westphalia Prussia Lusatia Bohemia Moravia Silesia Czech Silesia Pomerania Pomerelia Kashubia Bukovina Istria Transdanubia Polesia Germania Germania Slavica West Benelux Low Countries Northwest British Isles English Channel Channel Islands Cotentin Peninsula Doggerland Upper Rhine Plain Upper Rhine Gaul Gascony Normandy Brittany Septimania Batavia Gulf of Lion Iberia Al-Andalus Baetic System Meseta Central Pyrenees Alpide belt South Po Valley (Padania) Italian Peninsula Tuscan Archipelago Insular Italy Aegadian Islands Occitania Iberia Al-Andalus Baetic System Meseta Central Gibraltar Arc Southeastern Epirus Rumelia Balkans Aegean Sea Aegean Islands Attica Boeotia Opuntian Locris Phocis Megaris Peloponnese Chalkidiki Aetolia Gulf of Chania Istria Mediterranean Alpide belt Germanic Romance Celtic Slavic countries European Plain Eurasian Steppe Pontic–Caspian steppe Wild Fields Pannonian Basin Great Hungarian Plain Little Hungarian Plain Eastern Slovak Lowland v t e Regions of North America Upper Northern (i.e. Canada) Eastern Central Canada Atlantic Canada The Maritimes Great Lakes Northern Arctic Arctic Circle Canadian Arctic Archipelago Greenland Western Pacific Northwest Prairie Pothole Region Canadian Prairies The Maritimes French Canada English Canada Acadia Acadian Peninsula Quebec City–Windsor Corridor Peace River Country Cypress Hills Palliser's Triangle Canadian Shield Interior Alaska–Yukon lowland taiga Kodiak Island Newfoundland Island Vancouver Island Gulf Islands Strait of Georgia Labrador Peninsula Gaspé Peninsula Avalon Peninsula Bay de Verde Peninsula Brodeur Peninsula Melville Peninsula Bruce Peninsula Banks Peninsula (Nunavut) Cook Peninsula Gulf of Boothia Georgian Bay Hudson Bay James Bay Lower Northern (i.e. United States) Arctic Aleutian Arc Aleutian Range Alaska Peninsula Aleutian Islands Arctic Arctic Circle Bering Strait Gulf of Alaska Central Tallgrass prairie Midwest Upper Midwest Eastern East Coast Northeast Atlantic Northeast New England Mid-Atlantic Commonwealth Southeast Northern Great Lakes Southern Deep South Old South Santa Fe de Nuevo México South Central Gulf Coast Upland South Western West Coast Mountain states Intermountain West Great Basin Basin and Range Province Northwest Inland Northwest Pacific Northwest Southwest Old Southwest Four Corners Pacific Coast Ranges Oregon Trail Mormon Corridor Calumet Region Llano Estacado Third Coast Backcountry Trans-Mississippi Great North Woods Great Plains Interior Plains Great Basin Great Basin Desert Acadia Ozarks Ark-La-Tex Waxhaws Siouxland Twin Tiers Driftless Area Palouse Piedmont Atlantic coastal plain Outer Lands Black Dirt Region Blackstone Valley Piney Woods Rocky Mountains Mojave Desert The Dakotas Carolinas Shawnee Hills San Fernando Valley Tornado Alley North Coast Lost Coast Emerald Triangle San Francisco Bay Area San Francisco Bay North Bay East Bay Silicon Valley Interior Alaska–Yukon lowland taiga Gulf of Mexico Lower Colorado River Valley Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta Yukon–Kuskokwim Delta Colville Delta Arkansas Delta Mobile–Tensaw River Delta Mississippi Delta Mississippi River Delta Columbia River Estuary Great Basin High Desert Monterey Peninsula Upper Peninsula of Michigan Lower Peninsula of Michigan Virginia Peninsula Keweenaw Peninsula Middle Peninsula Delmarva Peninsula Alaska Peninsula Kenai Peninsula Niagara Peninsula "Belt" regions Bible Belt Corn Belt Cotton Belt Rice Belt Rust Belt Sun Belt Snow Belt Mexico Central Tierra Caliente La Mixteca Huasteca Sierra Gorda Bajío Valley of Mexico Mezquital Valley Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine–oak forests Revillagigedo Islands Islas Marías Northern Basin and Range Province Baja California Peninsula Lerdo Landing Salton Trough Isla Llave Comarca Lagunera Sierra de San Francisco Gulf of California Colorado River Delta Pimería Alta Southern Sierra Madre de Oaxaca Yucatán Peninsula Ku-Maloob-Zaap Puuc Sierra Madre del Sur Triangle of the Sun Isthmus of Tehuantepec Sierra Madre de Chiapas Chiapas highlands Soconusco Petén Basin Sierra Madre Oriental Sierra Madre Occidental Gulf of Mexico Central Darién Gap Isthmus of Panama Lake Nicaragua Panama Canal Western Caribbean zone West Indies Caribbean Antilles Greater Antilles Hispaniola Lesser Antilles Leeward Islands Saint Martin Island Virgin Islands Southern Caribbean Leeward Antilles ABC islands Windward Islands Bajo Nuevo Bank San Andrés and Providencia Serranilla Bank Lucayan Archipelago Aridoamerica Mesoamerica Oasisamerica Anglo Middle America Latin French Hispanic American Cordillera Ring of Fire LAC  North America portal v t e Regions of Oceania Australia Australian Capital Territory Australian Capital Territory New South Wales Central Coast Central Tablelands Central Western Slopes Greater Western Sydney Hunter Mid North Coast Northern Rivers North West Slopes Northern Tablelands Riverina South Coast South West Slopes Southern Tablelands Western Plains Northern Territory Arnhem Land Barkly Tableland Central Australia Darwin Katherine Top End Queensland Central West Central Darling Downs Far North Gulf Country North South East South West Wide Bay–Burnett South Australia Adelaide Hills Barossa Light and Lower North Eastern Adelaide Eyre Western Far North Fleurieu and Kangaroo Island Limestone Coast Murray and Mallee Northern Adelaide Southern Adelaide Western Adelaide Yorke and Mid North Tasmania Central Highlands East Coast Midlands North East North West Northern South West Southern West Coast Victoria Barwon South West Gippsland Grampians Greater Melbourne Hume Loddon Mallee Western Australia Gascoyne Goldfields-Esperance Great Southern Kimberley Mid West Peel Pilbara South West Wheatbelt Melanesia Islands Region Bismarck Archipelago Solomon Islands North Solomon Islands Solomon Islands Fiji New Caledonia New Guinea Bonis Peninsula Papuan Peninsula Huon Peninsula Huon Gulf Bird's Head Peninsula Gazelle Peninsula Vanuatu Micronesia Caroline Islands Federated States of Micronesia Palau Kiribati Mariana Islands Guam Northern 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