View source for American literature - Wikipedia View source for American literature ← American literature Jump to navigation Jump to search You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reasons: Your IP address is in a range that has been blocked on all Wikimedia Foundation wikis. The block was made by Jon Kolbert (meta.wikimedia.org). The reason given is Open Proxy: Webhost: Contact stewards if you are affected . Start of block: 20:12, 23 July 2019 Expiry of block: 20:12, 23 January 2022 Your current IP address is 40.76.139.33 and the blocked range is 40.76.0.0/16. Please include all above details in any queries you make. If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the No open proxies global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please post a request for review on Meta-Wiki or send an email to the stewards OTRS queue at stewards@wikimedia.org including all above details. You are currently unable to edit Wikipedia due to a block affecting your IP address. This does not affect your ability to read Wikipedia pages. Most people who see this message have done nothing wrong. Some kinds of blocks restrict editing from specific service providers or telecom companies in response to recent abuse or vandalism, and affect other users who are unrelated to that abuse. See below if you do not believe you have done anything wrong. Editing from 40.76.0.0/16 has been blocked (disabled) by ‪SQL‬ for the following reason(s): The IP address that you are currently using has been blocked because it is believed to be a web host provider or colocation provider. To prevent abuse, web hosts and colocation providers may be blocked from editing Wikipedia. You will not be able to edit Wikipedia using a web host or colocation provider because it hides your IP address, much like a proxy or VPN. We recommend that you attempt to use another connection to edit. For example, if you use a proxy or VPN to connect to the internet, turn it off when editing Wikipedia. If you edit using a mobile connection, try using a Wi-Fi connection, and vice versa. If you have a Wikipedia account, please log in. If you do not have any other way to edit Wikipedia, you will need to request an IP block exemption. If you are confident that you are not using a web host, you may appeal this block by adding the following text on your talk page: {{unblock|reason=Caught by a colocation web host block but this host or IP is not a web host. My IP address is _______. Place any further information here. ~~~~}}. You must fill in the blank with your IP address for this block to be investigated. Your IP address can be determined here. Alternatively, if you wish to keep your IP address private you can use the unblock ticket request system. There are several reasons you might be editing using the IP address of a web host or colocation provider (such as if you are using VPN software or a business network); please use this method of appeal only if you think your IP address is in fact not a web host or colocation provider. Administrators: The IP block exemption user right should only be applied to allow users to edit using web host in exceptional circumstances, and requests should usually be directed to the functionaries team via email. If you intend to give the IPBE user right, a CheckUser needs to take a look at the account. This can be requested most easily at SPI Quick Checkuser Requests. Unblocking an IP or IP range with this template is highly discouraged without at least contacting the blocking administrator. This block has been set to expire: 16:25, 2 June 2023. Even when blocked, you will usually still be able to edit your user talk page and email other editors and administrators. For information on how to proceed, first see the FAQ for blocked users and the guideline on block appeals. The guide to appealing blocks may also be helpful. Other useful links: Blocking policy · Help:I have been blocked You can view and copy the source of this page: ===Ethnic literature=== [[File:SandraCisneros.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Sandra Cisneros]], best known for her first novel ''[[The House on Mango Street]]'' (1983) and her subsequent short story collection ''[[Woman Hollering Creek and Other Stories]]'' (1991). She is the recipient of numerous awards including a National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship, and is regarded as a key figure in [[Chicano literature|Chicana literature]].{{Harvnb|Madsen|2000|p= 107}}]] The twentieth century saw the emergence of American Jewish writers such as [[Saul Bellow]], [[Norman Mailer]], [[Joseph Heller]], [[Philip Roth]], [[Chaim Potok]], and [[Bernard Malamud]]. Potok's novels about a young New York Jewish boy's coming of age, ''The Chosen'' and ''The Promise'' figured prominently in this movement. After being relegated to cookbooks and autobiographies for most of the 20th century, Asian American literature achieved widespread notice through [[Maxine Hong Kingston]]'s fictional memoir, ''[[The Woman Warrior]]'' (1976), and her novels ''China Men'' (1980) and ''[[Tripmaster Monkey|Tripmaster Monkey: His Fake Book]]''. [[Chinese-American]] author [[Ha Jin]] in 1999 won the [[National Book Award]] for his second novel, ''[[Waiting (novel)|Waiting]]'', about a Chinese soldier in the [[National Revolutionary Army|Revolutionary Army]] who has to wait 18 years to divorce his wife for another woman, all the while having to worry about persecution for his protracted affair, and twice won the [[PEN/Faulkner Award]], in 2000 for ''Waiting'' and in 2005 for ''[[War Trash]]''. Other notable [[Asian-American]] novelists include [[Amy Tan]], best known for her novel, ''[[The Joy Luck Club (novel)|The Joy Luck Club]]'' (1989), tracing the lives of four immigrant families brought together by the game of [[Mahjong]], and Korean American novelist [[Chang-Rae Lee]], who has published ''[[Native Speaker (novel)|Native Speaker]]'', ''[[A Gesture Life]],'' and ''Aloft.'' Such poets as [[Marilyn Chin]] and [[Li-Young Lee]], [[Kimiko Hahn]] and [[Janice Mirikitani]] have also achieved prominence, as has playwright [[David Henry Hwang]]. Equally important has been the effort to recover earlier Asian American authors, started by [[Frank Chin]] and his colleagues; this effort has brought [[Sui Sin Far]], [[Toshio Mori]], [[Carlos Bulosan]], [[John Okada]], [[Hisaye Yamamoto]] and others to prominence. [[Indian-American]] author [[Jhumpa Lahiri]] won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction for her debut collection of short stories, ''[[Interpreter of Maladies]]'' (1999), and went on to write a well-received novel, ''[[The Namesake (novel)|The Namesake]]'' (2003), which was shortly adapted to [[The Namesake (film)|film]] in 2007. In her second collection of stories, ''[[Unaccustomed Earth]]'', released to widespread commercial and critical success, Lahiri shifts focus and treats the experiences of the [[Immigrant generations|second and third generation]]. Hispanic literature also became important during this period, starting with acclaimed novels by [[Tomás Rivera]] (''[[...y no se lo tragó la tierra]]'') and [[Rudolfo Anaya]] (''[[Bless Me, Ultima]]''), and the emergence of Chicano theater with [[Luis Valdez]] and ''[[Teatro Campesino]]''. Latina writing became important thanks to authors such as [[Sandra Cisneros]], an icon of an emerging [[Chicano literature]] whose 1983 [[bildungsroman]] ''[[The House on Mango Street]]'' is taught in schools across the United States, [[Denise Chavez]]'s ''[[The Last of the Menu Girls]]'' and [[Gloria Anzaldúa]]'s ''[[Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza]]''. [[Dominican-American]] author [[Junot Díaz]], received the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction for his 2007 novel ''[[The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao]]'', which tells the story of an overweight Dominican boy growing up as a [[social outcast]] in [[Paterson, New Jersey]]. Another Dominican author, [[Julia Alvarez]], is well known for ''[[How the García Girls Lost Their Accents]]'' and ''[[In the Time of the Butterflies]]''. [[Cuban American]] author [[Oscar Hijuelos]] won a Pulitzer for ''[[The Mambo Kings Play Songs of Love]]'', and [[Cristina García (journalist)|Cristina García]] received acclaim for ''[[Dreaming in Cuban]].'' Celebrated Puerto Rican novelists who write in English and Spanish include [[Giannina Braschi]], author of the [[Spanglish]] classic ''[[Yo-Yo Boing!]]'' and [[Rosario Ferré]], best known for "Eccentric Neighborhoods".{{Cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/bookfest/author/giannina_braschi|access-date=February 17, 2015|title=Giannina Braschi|work=National Book Festival|publisher=Library of Congress|year=2012|quote='Braschi: one of the most revolutionary voices in Latin America today'}}{{Cite book|author=Ilan Stavans|title=Norton Anthology of Latino Literature|publisher=Norton|year=2011|oclc = 607322888}} Puerto Rico has also produced important playwrights such as [[René Marqués]] ([[La Carreta|The Oxcart]]), [[Luis Rafael Sánchez]] (The Passion of Antigone Perez), and [[José Rivera (playwright)|José Rivera]] ([[Marisol (play)|Marisol]]). Major poets of [[Puerto Rican Diaspora|Puerto Rican diaspora]] who write about the life of American immigrants include [[Julia de Burgos]] (''I was my own route fui''), [[Giannina Braschi]] ([[Empire of Dreams (poetry collection)|Empire of Dreams]]), and [[Pedro Pietri]] (''Puerto Rican Obituary''). Pietri was a co-founder of the [[Nuyorican Poets Café]], a performance space for poetry readings. [[Lin-Manuel Miranda]], a Nuyorican poet and playwright, wrote the popular Broadway musical ''Hamilton'' and ''In the Heights.''{{Cite web|date=2020-10-05|title=Luis A. Miranda, Jr. Doesn’t ‘Need To Be Liked’ but This New Documentary Will Make You Like Him Anyway|url=https://remezcla.com/features/film/luis-a-miranda-jr-doesnt-need-to-be-liked-but-this-new-documentary-will-make-you-like-him-anyway/|access-date=2020-10-12|website=Remezcla|language=en-US}} Spurred by the success of [[N. Scott Momaday]]'s Pulitzer Prize–winning ''[[House Made of Dawn]]'', Native American literature showed explosive growth during this period, known as the [[Native American Renaissance]], through such novelists as [[Leslie Marmon Silko]] (e.g., ''[[Ceremony (Silko novel)|Ceremony]]''), [[Gerald Vizenor]] (e.g., ''[[Bearheart: The Heirship Chronicles]]'' and numerous essays on Native American literature), [[Louise Erdrich]] (''[[Love Medicine]]'' and several other novels that use a recurring set of characters and locations in the manner of [[William Faulkner]]), [[James Welch (writer)|James Welch]] (e.g., ''[[Winter in the Blood]]''), [[Sherman Alexie]] (e.g., ''[[The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven]]''), and poets [[Simon Ortiz]] and [[Joy Harjo]]. The success of these authors has brought renewed attention to earlier generations, including [[Zitkala-Sa]], [[John Joseph Mathews]], [[D'Arcy McNickle]] and [[Mourning Dove (author)|Mourning Dove]]. More recently, [[Arab American literature]], largely unnoticed since the [[New York Pen League]] of the 1920s, has become more prominent through the work of [[Diana Abu-Jaber]], whose novels include ''[[Arabian Jazz]]'' and ''Crescent'' and the memoir ''The Language of Baklava''. Return to American literature. Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_literature" Navigation menu Personal tools Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in Namespaces Article Talk Variants Views Read Edit View history More Search Navigation Main page Contents Current events Random article About Wikipedia Contact us Donate Contribute Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file Tools What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Page information Wikidata item Languages Privacy policy About Wikipedia Disclaimers Contact Wikipedia Mobile view Developers Statistics Cookie statement