Julia de Burgos - Wikipedia Julia de Burgos From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation Jump to search Puerto Rican poet In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is de Burgos and the second or maternal family name is Garcia. Julia de Burgos Julia de Burgos Born Julia Constancia Burgos García (1914-02-17)February 17, 1914 Carolina, Puerto Rico Died July 6, 1953(1953-07-06) (aged 39) Manhattan, New York, United States Occupation Poet, activist Nationality Puerto Rican Period 20th century Genre Lyric poetry, lament Literary movement Puerto Rican Independence Notable works El Rio Grande de Loiza Part of a series on the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party Flag of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party Events and revolts Río Piedras massacre Ponce massacre Cadets of the Republic Gag Law (Ley de la Mordaza) Puerto Rican Nationalist Party revolts of the 1950s Jayuya Uprising San Juan Nationalist revolt Utuado uprising Attempted assassination of Harry S. Truman 1954 United States Capitol shooting incident Nationalist leaders Pedro Albizu Campos José S. Alegría Casimiro Berenguer Blanca Canales Rafael Cancel Miranda José Coll y Cuchí Oscar Collazo Rosa Collazo Juan Antonio Corretjer Julia de Burgos Raimundo Díaz Pacheco Lolita Lebrón Tomás López de Victoria Hugo Margenat Francisco Matos Paoli Ruth Mary Reynolds Isolina Rondón Vidal Santiago Díaz Clemente Soto Vélez Griselio Torresola Antonio Vélez Alvarado Carlos Vélez Rieckehoff Olga Viscal Garriga Notable nationalists Margot Arce de Vázquez Elías Beauchamp Carmelo Delgado Delgado Andres Figueroa Cordero Irvin Flores Isabel Freire de Matos Hiram Rosado Isabel Rosado José Ferrer Canales René Marqués Pedro "Davilita" Ortiz Dávila Germán Rieckehoff Helen Rodríguez Trías Daniel Santos Teófilo Villavicencio Marxuach Félix Benítez Rexach v t e Julia de Burgos García (February 17, 1914 – July 6, 1953) was a Puerto Rican poet.[1][2][3][4] As an advocate of Puerto Rican independence, she served as Secretary General of the Daughters of Freedom, the women's branch of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party.[5] She was also a civil rights activist for women and African/Afro-Caribbean writers. Contents 1 Early years 2 Nationalist 3 Literature 4 Later years 5 Death 6 Honors 7 In music 8 Publications 9 Biographical/Documentary films 10 See also 11 References 12 External links Early years[edit] Julia de Burgos (birth name: Julia Constanza Burgos García) was born to Francisco Burgos Hans (a farmer) and Paula García de Burgos.[6] Her father was a member of the Puerto Rico National Guard and had a farm near the town of Carolina, Puerto Rico, where she was born. The family later moved to the barrio of Santa Cruz of the same city. She was the oldest of thirteen children. Six of her younger siblings died of malnutrition. Her first work was Río Grande de Loíza.[5] After she graduated from Muñoz Rivera Primary School in 1928, her family moved to Rio Piedras where she was awarded a scholarship to attend University High School.[5] In 1931, she enrolled in University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus to become a teacher. In 1933, de Burgos graduated at the age of 19 from the University of Puerto Rico with a degree in teaching. She became a teacher and taught at Feijoo Elementary School in Barrio Cedro Arriba of Naranjito, Puerto Rico. She also worked as writer for a children's program on public radio, but was reportedly fired for her political beliefs.[5] Among her early influences were Luis Lloréns Torres, Mercedes Negrón Muñoz a.k.a. "Clara Lair", Rafael Alberti and Pablo Neruda. According to de Burgos, "My childhood was all a poem in the river, and a river in the poem of my first dreams."[5] Nationalist[edit] In 1934, de Burgos married Ruben Rodriguez Beauchamp and ended her teaching career. In 1936, she became a member of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party (Partido Nacionalista de Puerto Rico) and was elected to the position of Secretary General of the Daughters of Freedom, the women's branch of the Nationalist Party.[5] The Puerto Rican Nationalist Party was the independence party headed by Pedro Albizu Campos, a Puerto Rican Nationalist. She divorced her husband in 1937. Literature[edit] "Río Grande de Loíza! ... Great river. Great flood of tears ... save those greater that come from the eyes of my soul for my enslaved people" Julia de Burgos, "El Rio Grande de Loiza" External audio "Río Grande de Loíza" recited on YouTube By the early 1930s, de Burgos was already a published writer in journals and newspapers. She published three books which contained a collection of her poems. For her first two books, she traveled around the island promoting herself by giving book readings. Her third book was published posthumously in 1954. De Burgos' lyrical poems are a combination of the intimate, the land and the social struggle of the oppressed. Many critics assert that her poetry anticipated the work of feminist writers and poets as well as that of other Hispanic authors.[7] In one of her poems, she writes: "I am life, strength, woman."[8] De Burgos received awards and recognition for her work and was celebrated by poets including Pablo Neruda, whom she met in Cuba, and stated that her calling was to be one of the greatest poet of the Americas.[6] Among de Burgos' works are: El Rio Grande de Loiza[9] Poema para Mi Muerte (My Death Poem), Yo Misma Fui Mi Ruta (I Was My Own Path), Alba de Mi Silencio (Dawn of My Silence), Alta Mar y Gaviota Later years[edit] Later in life, de Burgos became romantically involved with Dr. Juan Isidro Jimenes Grullón, a Dominican physician. According to Grullón, many of her poems during that time were inspired by the love that she felt for him.[5] In 1939, de Burgos and Jimenes Grullón traveled first to Cuba where she attended briefly the University of Havana [6] and then later to New York City where she worked as a journalist for Pueblos Hispanos, a progressive newspaper. Shortly after their arrival in Cuba, de Burgos' relationship with Jimenes Grullón began to show tension.[6] After trying to save her relationship, she instead left and returned once again to New York, however this time alone, where she took menial jobs to support herself. In 1943, she married Armando Marín, a musician from Vieques. In 1947, the marriage also ended in divorce, lapsing de Burgos into further depression and alcoholism. "Farewell in Welfare Island" By: Julia de Burgos It has to be from here, right this instance, my cry into the world. My cry that is no more mine, but hers and his forever, the comrades of my silence, the phantoms of my grave. [10] In February 1953, she wrote one of her last poems, "Farewell in Welfare Island."[6][11] It was written during her last hospitalization and is believed by her peers to be one of the only poems she wrote in English. In the poem she foreshadows her death and reveals an ever darker concept of life.[12] Death[edit] On June 28, 1953, de Burgos left the home of a relative in Brooklyn, where she had been residing. She disappeared without leaving a clue as to where she went.[12] It was later discovered that on July 6, 1953, she collapsed on a sidewalk in the Spanish Harlem section of Manhattan, and later died of pneumonia at a hospital in Harlem at the age of 39. Since no one claimed her body and she had no identification on her, the city gave her a pauper's burial on Hart Island, the city's only potter's field.[12] Eventually, some of her friends and relatives were able to trace her, find her grave, and claim her body. A committee was organized in Puerto Rico, presided over by Dr. Margot Arce de Vázquez, to have her remains transferred to the island. De Burgos's remains arrived on September 6, 1953 and funeral services for her were held at the Puerto Rican Atheneum. She was given a hero's burial at the Municipal Cemetery of Carolina. A monument was later built at her burial site by the City of Carolina.[13] Honors[edit] In 1986, the Spanish Department of the University of Puerto Rico posthumously honored de Burgos by granting her a doctorate in Human Arts and Letters.[14] Cities that have honored de Burgos include: Carolina, Puerto Rico Escuela Julia de Burgos[15] Cleveland, Ohio Julia De Burgos Cultural Arts Center[16] New York City, New York Julia de Burgos Cultural Center[17] Julia de Burgos Boulevard (corner of East 106th Street and Lexington Avenue)[18] Julia de Burgos Middle School (M.S. 99) Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Julia de Burgos Elementary School[19] Julia de Burgos Magnet Middle School[20] Chicago, Illinois Julia de Burgos Park San Juan, Puerto Rico Casa Protegida Julia de Burgos (domestic violence shelter)[21] Willimantic, Connecticut Julia de Burgos Pocket Park established by Curbstone Press Julia de Burgos Park on the corner of Jackson Street and Terry Avenue in Willimantic The Puerto Rican sculptor Tomás Batista sculpted a bust of de Burgos in the Julia de Burgos Park in Carolina. Isabel Cuchí Coll published a book about de Burgos titled Dos Poetisas de América: Clara Lair y Julia de Burgos. Puerto Rican poet Giannina Braschi, who was born the year of de Burgos' death, pays homage to her poetry and legend in the Spanglish novel Yo-Yo Boing![22] At Yale University, the Latino Cultural Center is named in her honor, La Casa Cultural Julia de Burgos. A documentary about the life of de Burgos was made in 2002 titled "Julia, Toda en mi ... " (Julia, All in me ... ) directed and produced by Ivonne Belén. Another biopic about her life, "Vida y poesía de Julia de Burgos," was filmed and released in Puerto Rico in 1978. In New York City, the Julia de Burgos Cultural Center, on 106th Street and Lexington Avenue, is named after her.[17] On September 14, 2010, in a ceremony held in San Juan, the United States Postal Service honored de Burgos' life and literary work with the issuance of a first class postage stamp, the 26th release in the postal system's Literary Arts series. The stamp's portrait was created by Toronto-based artist Jody Hewgill.[18][23] In 2011, de Burgos was inducted into the New York Writers Hall of Fame. There is a plaque, located at the monument to the Jayuya Uprising participants in Mayagüez, Puerto Rico, honoring the women of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party. De Burgos' name is on the sixth line of the third plate. Plaque honoring the women of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party On May 29, 2014, The Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico honored 12 illustrious women with plaques in the "La Plaza en Honor a la Mujer Puertorriqueña" (Plaza in Honor of Puerto Rican Women) in San Juan. According to the plaques each of the 12 women, who by virtue of their merits and legacies, stand out in the history of Puerto Rico. De Burgos was among the 12 who were honored.[24] In September 2017, artist-activist Molly Crabapple (herself of Puerto Rican descent) disbursed the profits of the sales of her portrait of de Burgos to the Puerto Rico Hurricane Maria Recovery Fund. The Giclee 17″ x 22″ print is captioned with one of the poet's most famous lines: "En todo me lo juego a ser lo que soy yo/I gamble everything to be what I am."[25] In 2018, the New York Times published a belated obituary for her.[26] In music[edit] The third movement of Leonard Bernstein's Songfest: A Cycle of American Poems for Six Singers and Orchestra is a setting of de Burgos' poem "A Julia de Burgos". Jack Gottlieb wrote, "In angry words (sung in Spanish) she expresses her defiance of the dual role she plays as a conventional woman and as a liberated woman-poet. (Her poem antedates by two decades the women's liberation movement.) The music is sharply rhythmic, and might well be underscoring for a bullfight." Publications[edit] Song of the Simple Truth: The Complete Poems of Julia de Burgos (dual-language edition: Spanish, English), trans. Jack Agueros. Curbstone Books, 1997; ISBN 978-1-88068-424-5 Yo misma fui mi ruta, Ediciones Huracán, 1986; ISBN 0-940238-30-6 Amor y soledad, Ediciones Torremozas, 1994; ISBN 84-7839-136-3 El Mar Y Tu, Ediciones Huracan, 1981; ISBN 0-940238-46-2 Cancion De La Verdad Sencilla (Vortice Ser), Ediciones Huracan, 1982; ISBN 0-940238-66-7 Poema en Veinte Surcos, Ediciones Huracan, 1983; ISBN 0-940238-23-3 Poema Río Grande de Loíza[27] Poemas exactos de mí misma[27] Dame tu hora perdída[27] Ay, ay, ay de la grifa negra[27] Biographical/Documentary films[edit] "Julia...Todo En Mi" on the Internet Movie Database "Vida y poesía de Julia de Burgos on the Internet Movie Database See also[edit] Puerto Rico portal Biography portal Literature portal List of Latin American writers List of Puerto Rican writers List of Puerto Ricans Puerto Rican literature Multi-Ethnic Literature of the United States Puerto Rican Nationalist Party Puerto Rican Poetry History of women in Puerto Rico Female members of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party Blanca Canales Rosa Collazo Lolita Lebrón Ruth Mary Reynolds Isabel Rosado Isabel Freire de Matos Isolina Rondón Olga Viscal Garriga References[edit] ^ "Julia de Burgos Books & Crafts". Archived from the original on July 15, 2008. Retrieved July 15, 2008. ^ "Julia De Burgos". IMDb. ^ Bio. Archived December 3, 2013, at the Wayback Machine ^ "Latin America Today". Archived from the original on October 2, 2013. Retrieved July 15, 2008. ^ a b c d e f g Song of the Simple Truth: The Complete Poems of Julia de Burgos. Curbstone Books; 1st edition (January 1997). ISBN 1-880684-24-1. ^ a b c d e Burgos, Julia de (2015). Cartas a Consuelo. San Juan: Folium. ISBN 978-0-9826317-8-2. ^ Hispanic Heritage ^ "Julia de Burgos, Celebrated Poet, Honored on U.S. Stamp". ^ "Río Grande de Loíza". elboricua.com. ^ "Julia de Burgos (1914-1953)". www.literatura.us. ^ Julia de Burgos. Gale ^ a b c Perez, Vanessa; York, ContributorProfessor at the City University of New (March 4, 2013). "Celebrating 99 years of Julia de Burgos". HuffPost. ^ "Monumento a Julia de Burgos en Carolina, Puerto Rico". Archived from the original on August 9, 2017. Retrieved November 3, 2017. ^ Pérez Rosario, Vanessa (2014). Becoming Julia de Burgos: The Making of a Puerto Rican Icon. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. p. 152. ISBN 0252038967. ^ Escuela Julia de Burgos Archived July 18, 2011, at the Wayback Machine from www.de.gobierno.pr ^ Center, Julia De Burgos Cultural Arts. "Julia De Burgos Cultural Arts Center". Julia De Burgos Cultural Arts Center. ^ a b Julia de Burgos Cultural Center from www.juliadeburgos.org ^ a b Poet Julia de Burgos gets stamp of approval from the New York Daily News. September 15, 2010. ^ Julia de Burgos Elementary School Archived September 28, 2011, at the Wayback Machine from www.phila.k12.pa.us ^ Deburgos Bilingual Magnet Middle School from www.greatschools.org ^ Casa Protegida Julia de Burgos from www.casajulia.org ^ Loustau, Laura R. (2002). "Poetas en Nueva York: Julia de Burgos y Giannina Braschi," Cuerpos errantes: Literatura latina y latinoamericana en Estados Unidos. Argentina. pp. 133–144. ISBN 9508451181. ^ Postal News: 2010 Stamp Program Unveiled Archived June 6, 2011, at the Wayback Machine from www.usps.com. December 30, 2010. ^ "La mujer en nuestra historia". ^ Crabapple, Molly. "PORTRAIT OF JULIA DE BURGOS". MollyCrabapple. Retrieved September 30, 2017. ^ "Overlooked No More: Julia de Burgos, a Poet Who Helped Shape Puerto Rico's Identity - The New York Times". Nytimes.com. Retrieved May 4, 2018. ^ a b c d "Julia de Burgos". www.elboricua.com. External links[edit] The Complete Chronology / Cronología Completa de su vida y obra Review Julia de Burgos on IMDb Julia de Burgos stamp (U.S. Postal Service site) Centro Journal. Special Issue on Julia de Burgos Julia de Burgos on BlackPast J'S THEATER: Poem: Julia de Burgos's "To Julia de Burgos" v t e Independence movement in Puerto Rico Indigenous resistance Agüeybaná I Agüeybaná II Arasibo Hayuya Jumacao Urayoán Political organizations Union Party of Puerto Rico Independence Association of Puerto Rico Liberal Party of Puerto Rico Puerto Rican Independence Party Puerto Rican Nationalist Party Hostosian National Independence Movement Socialist Front Puerto Rico Pro-Independence University Federation Militant organizations Cadets of the Republic Boricua Popular Army (Macheteros) Fuerzas Armadas de Liberación Nacional 19th century activists Ramón Emeterio Betances Mariana Bracetti Mathias Brugman Roberto Cofresí María de las Mercedes Barbudo José de Diego Eugenio María de Hostos Francisco Gonzalo Marín Rosendo Matienzo Cintrón Antonio Mattei Lluberas Francisco Ramírez Medina José Gualberto Padilla Lola Rodríguez de Tió Manuel Rojas Juan Ríus Rivera Segundo Ruiz Belvis Arturo Alfonso Schomburg Antonio Valero de Bernabé Manuel Zeno Gandía Fernando Fernandez Agustín Stahl José "Aguila Blanca" Maldonado Marcos Xiorro 20th and 21st century activists Antonio Rafael Barceló Félix Benítez Rexach Rubén Berríos Americo Boschetti Juan Mari Brás Marie Haydée Beltrán Torres Roy Brown Cayetano Coll y Cuchí Gilberto Concepción de Gracia Juan Dalmau Pedro Ortiz Dávila José M. Dávila Monsanto Elizam Escobar Leopoldo Figueroa Víctor Manuel Gerena Edwin Irizarry Mora Luis Lloréns Torres Oscar López Rivera Filiberto Ojeda Ríos Antonio S. Pedreira Pedro Pietri Miguel Poventud Ángel Rivero Méndez Manuel Rodríguez Orellana María de Lourdes Santiago Piri Thomas Alejandrina Torres Carlos Alberto Torres Iris Zavala Puerto Rican Nationalist Party Pedro Albizu Campos José S. Alegría Margot Arce de Vázquez Elías Beauchamp Casimiro Berenguer Julia de Burgos Blanca Canales Nemesio Canales Rafael Cancel Miranda José Coll y Cuchí Oscar Collazo Rosa Collazo Juan Antonio Corretjer José Ferrer Canales Isabel Freire de Matos Carmelo Delgado Delgado Raimundo Díaz Pacheco Andres Figueroa Cordero Irvin Flores Lolita Lebrón Tomás López de Victoria Hugo Margenat René Marqués Francisco Matos Paoli Pedro "Davilita" Ortiz Dávila Ruth Mary Reynolds Germán Rieckehoff Helen Rodríguez Trías Hiram Rosado Isabel Rosado Isolina Rondón Vidal Santiago Díaz Daniel Santos Clemente Soto Vélez Griselio Torresola Antonio Vélez Alvarado Carlos Vélez Rieckehoff Teófilo Villavicencio Marxuach Olga Viscal Garriga Events Ducoudray Holstein Expedition Grito de Lares Intentona de Yauco Río Piedras massacre Ponce massacre Gag Law (Ley de la Mordaza) Nationalist Party revolts of the 1950s Jayuya Uprising San Juan Nationalist revolt Utuado Uprising Truman assassination attempt U.S. Capitol shooting incident (1954) Cerro Maravilla murders Symbols Lares Revolutionary Flag La Borinqueña by Lola Rodríguez de Tío Media Claridad Authority control BIBSYS: 6007793 BNE: XX1034973 BNF: cb12096751k (data) CANTIC: a10846463 GND: 119381761 ISNI: 0000 0001 1460 1075 LCCN: n85176751 NKC: zcu20191040796 NLA: 35717045 NTA: 102262322 SNAC: w69c7fgq SUDOC: 079908918 Trove: 1055612 VIAF: 14798697 WorldCat Identities: lccn-n85176751 Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Julia_de_Burgos&oldid=993936680" Categories: 1914 births 1953 deaths People from Carolina, Puerto Rico Puerto Rican poets Puerto Rican women writers Puerto Rican Nationalist Party politicians Members of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party Infectious disease deaths in New York (state) Deaths from pneumonia Puerto Rican women in politics Puerto Rican independence activists Puerto Rican nationalists American women poets 20th-century American poets 20th-century American women writers Hidden categories: Webarchive template wayback links Use mdy dates from June 2020 Articles with short description Short description matches Wikidata Articles containing Spanish-language text Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers Wikipedia articles with BNE identifiers Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers Wikipedia articles with NKC identifiers Wikipedia articles with NLA identifiers Wikipedia articles with NTA identifiers Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers Navigation menu Personal tools Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in Namespaces Article Talk Variants Views Read Edit View history More Search Navigation Main page Contents Current events Random article About Wikipedia Contact us Donate Contribute Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file Tools What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Permanent link Page information Cite this page Wikidata item Print/export Download as PDF Printable version In other projects Wikimedia Commons Wikiquote Languages العربية Català Deutsch Español Français Galego Bahasa Indonesia Latina Русский Edit links This page was last edited on 13 December 2020, at 07:28 (UTC). 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