Federal law enforcement in the United States - Wikipedia Federal law enforcement in the United States From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation Jump to search Wikipedia list article U.S. Park Police officers awaiting deployment during the 2005 Inauguration Day The federal government of the United States empowers a wide range of law enforcement agencies to maintain law and public order related to matters affecting the country as a whole.[1] Law enforcement in the United States Law Courts Corrections Separation of powers Legislative Executive Judicial Jurisdiction Federal Tribal State County Local Military Legal context Criminal procedure Reasonable suspicion Probable cause Miranda warning Arrest Arrest warrant Searches and seizures Terry stop Prosecution U.S. Attorney State attorney general State's attorney and district attorney Lists of law enforcement agencies Federal State and local State corrections District of Columbia Police operations/organization/issues Police certification and licensure Internal affairs Police union Ranks Uniforms Decorations Police vehicles Ethics Deadly force Killings by law enforcement Militarization of police Police reform Body camera D.A.R.E. Traffic stop Informants Criminal justice reform Women in law enforcement Types of agency State police / highway patrol State bureau of investigation Campus police Park police Coast Guard Special police Military police Variants of law enforcement officers Patrol officer Detective SWAT Police dog (K-9) Sheriff and sheriff's deputy Bailiff County detective State trooper Game wardens Tribal officer Indian agent Lighthorse Correction officer Probation and parole officer Park ranger Federal air marshal Marshal and deputy marshal Special agent See also Private police Police dispatcher Crime Terrorism Criminology v t e Contents 1 Overview 2 History 3 List of agencies and units of agencies 3.1 Executive Branch 3.1.1 Department of Agriculture 3.1.2 Department of Commerce 3.1.3 Department of Defense 3.1.4 Department of Education 3.1.5 Department of Energy 3.1.6 Department of Health and Human Services 3.1.7 Department of Homeland Security 3.1.8 Department of Housing and Urban Development 3.1.9 Department of the Interior 3.1.10 Department of Justice 3.1.11 Department of Labor 3.1.12 Department of State 3.1.13 Department of Transportation 3.1.14 Department of the Treasury 3.1.15 Department of Veterans Affairs 3.2 Legislative Branch 3.3 Judicial Branch 3.4 Other federal law enforcement agencies 4 List of former agencies and units of agencies 5 Statistics 6 See also 7 References 8 External links Overview[edit] While the majority of federal law enforcement employees work for the departments of Justice and Homeland Security, there are dozens of other federal law enforcement agencies under the other executive departments, as well as under the legislative and judicial branches of the federal government. Different federal law enforcement authorities have authority under different parts of the United States Code (U.S.C.). Most are limited by the U.S. Code to investigating matters that are explicitly within the power of the federal government. There are exceptions, with some agencies and officials enforcing codes of U.S. states and tribes of Native Americans in the United States. Some federal investigative powers have become broader in practice, especially since the passage of the USA PATRIOT Act in October 2001.[2] The United States Department of Justice was formerly the largest, and is still the most prominent, collection of federal law enforcement agencies. It has handled most law enforcement duties at the federal level[3] and includes the United States Marshals Service (USMS), the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF), Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP), and others. However, the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) became the department with the most sworn armed Federal law enforcement officers and agents upon its creation in 2002 in response to the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks when it incorporated agencies seen as having roles in protecting the country against terrorism. This included large agencies such as U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement Homeland Security Investigations (HSI), the U.S. Secret Service (USSS), the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG), the Transportation Security Administration (TSA), and the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) (created by combining the former agencies of the United States Border Patrol, United States Customs Service, and the United States Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) into a single agency within the DHS).[1] History[edit] U.S. federal law enforcement agencies often work with each other and with local law enforcement during official events and special occasions, such as presidential visits to the United Nations General Assembly in New York City. Here there are members of the US Secret Service, Department of State's Diplomatic Security Service (DSS) and Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) . Federal law enforcement in the United States is more than two hundred years old. For example, the Postal Inspection Service can trace its origins back to 1772,[4] while the U.S. Marshals Service dates to 1789.[5] List of agencies and units of agencies[edit] Agencies in bold text are law enforcement agencies (LEAs). Logos are used to more simply demonstrate the parent department and/or agency. Executive Branch[edit] Department of Agriculture[edit] Office of the Secretary of Agriculture Protective Operations Division (POD)[6] Office of Inspector General (USDA-OIG) United States Forest Service (USFS) U.S. Forest Service Law Enforcement & Investigations (USFS LEI) Department of Commerce[edit] Office of Inspector General (DOC-OIG) Office of Security (DOC OS) US Commerce Department Police Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) Office of Export Enforcement (OEE) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institute of Standards and Technology Police National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Office of Law Enforcement (OLE) Department of Defense[edit] Office of Inspector General (DOD-OIG) Defense Criminal Investigative Service (DCIS) Pentagon Force Protection Agency (PFPA) United States Pentagon Police (USPPD) Department of Defense Police (DOD Police) ("DOD Police" refers to any civilian engaged in police duties for the DOD and the US Armed Forces). Defense Counterintelligence and Security Agency Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Logistics Agency Police National Security Agency (NSA) National Security Agency Police Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) Defense Intelligence Agency Police National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency Police Department of the Army United States Army Criminal Investigation Command (CID) United States Army Counterintelligence (ACI) United States Army Military Police Corps Department of the Army Civilian Police includes Department of the Army Civilian Guards (DASG). United States Army Corrections Command Department of the Navy Naval Criminal Investigative Service (NCIS) United States Marine Corps Criminal Investigation Division (USMC CID) Master-at-arms (military police) Department of the Navy Police (civilian police) Marine Corps Provost Marshal's Office (military police) United States Marine Corps Civilian Police (civilian police) Department of the Air Force United States Air Force Office of Special Investigations (AFOSI) Air Force Security Forces Center (AFSFC) United States Air Force Security Forces (military police) Department of the Air Force Police (civilian police) includes Department of Air Force Civilian Guards (DAF Guard) Department of Education[edit] Office of Inspector General (ED-OIG) Office for Civil Rights (OCR) Department of Energy[edit] Office of Inspector General (DOE-OIG) Office of Health, Safety and Security (DOE-HSS) National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) Office of Secure Transportation (OST) Department of Health and Human Services[edit] Office of Inspector General (HHS-OIG) United States Food and Drug Administration (HHSFDA) Office of Criminal Investigations (OCI) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Institutes of Health Police Department of Homeland Security[edit] CBP Officers and Border Patrol Agents at a ceremony in 2007 U.S. Customs and Border Protection officers board a ship. Office of Inspector General (DHS-OIG) Federal Protective Service (FPS) Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers (FLETC) Office of the Chief Security Officer (OCSO) United States Coast Guard (USCG) Coast Guard Investigative Service (CGIS) United States Coast Guard Police (CGPD) United States Customs and Border Protection (CBP) United States Border Patrol (USBP) CBP Air and Marine Operations (AMO) CBP Office of Field Operations (OFO) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Mount Weather Emergency Operations Center Mount Weather Emergency Operations Center Police Office of Chief Security Officer (OCSO) United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) Homeland Security Investigations (HSI) Enforcement Removal Operations (ERO) Office of Intelligence Office of Professional Responsibility (OPR) United States Secret Service (USSS) United States Secret Service Uniformed Division (USSS UD) Transportation Security Administration (TSA) Office of Law Enforcement (OLE)/Federal Air Marshal Service (FAMS) Federal Flight Deck Officer (FFDO) (commercial aeroplance pilots) Office of Inspection (OI) United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) Fraud Detection and National Security Directorate (FDNS) Department of Housing and Urban Development[edit] Office of Inspector General (HUD-OIG) Protective Service Division (HUD-PSD) Department of the Interior[edit] Office of Inspector General (DOI-OIG) Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) Office of Justice Services Bureau of Indian Affairs Police Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Office of Law Enforcement United States Bureau of Reclamation (BOR) Office of Law Enforcement National Park Service (NPS) U.S. Park Ranger United States Park Police Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement (OSMRE) United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Office of Law Enforcement (FWS OLE) Division of Refuge Law Enforcement Department of Justice[edit] Office of the Inspector General (DOJ-OIG) Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) FBI Police Bureau of Prisons (BOP) United States Marshals Service (USMS) Office of Professional Responsibility (DOJ OPR) An FBI agent at a crime scene Department of Labor[edit] Office of Inspector General (DOL-OIG) Department of State[edit] Office of Inspector General (DOS-OIG) Bureau of Diplomatic Security (DS) Diplomatic Security Service (DSS) Department of Transportation[edit] Office of Inspector General (DOT-OIG) United States Merchant Marine Academy Department of Public Safety (USMMADPS) National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Office of Odometer Fraud Investigation (OFI) Department of the Treasury[edit] A Bureau of Engraving and Printing Police (BEP) patrol car. Office of Inspector General (USDT-OIG) Bureau of Engraving and Printing Bureau of Engraving and Printing Police Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FINCEN) Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Criminal Investigation (IRS-CI) United States Mint Police (USMP) Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration (TIGTA) Special Inspector General for Pandemic Recovery (SIGPR)[7] Special Inspector General for the Troubled Asset Relief Program (SIGTARP) Two IRS-CI Special Agents conducting a search Department of Veterans Affairs[edit] Office of Inspector General (VA-OIG) Veterans Affairs Police Legislative Branch[edit] Sergeant at Arms of the United States House of Representatives Sergeant at Arms of the United States Senate United States Capitol Police (USCP) Office of Inspector General (USCP OIG) Office of Professional Responsibility (USCP OPR) Library of Congress (LOC) Office of Inspector General (LOC-OIG) Government Publishing Office (GPO) Office of Inspector General (GPO-OIG) Government Publishing Office Police Judicial Branch[edit] Marshal of the United States Supreme Court United States Supreme Court Police Administrative Office of the United States Courts (AOUSC) Office of Probation and Pretrial Services (Federal Probation Officers) Other federal law enforcement agencies[edit] Independent Agencies and federally-administered institutions; Central Intelligence Agency Security Protective Service (CIA SPS) United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Inspector General (EPA-OIG) Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance (OECA) Criminal Investigation Division National Gallery of Art Office of Protection Services NASA Office of Inspector General (NASA-OIG) Office of Protective Services (NASA OPS) United States Office of Personnel Management (OPM) Office of Inspector General (OPM OIG) 2016 Ford Police Interceptor Utility belonging to the US Postal Police, NYC United States Postal Service (USPS) Office of Inspector General (USPS-OIG) United States Postal Inspection Service (USPIS) U.S. Postal Police Smithsonian Institution (SI) Office of Inspector General (SI-OIG) Office of Protection Services National Zoological Park Police (NZPP) Amtrak Office of Inspector General (Amtrak-OIG) Office of Security Strategy and Special Operations (OSSSO) Amtrak Police Department Federal Reserve System Office of Inspector General (FRB/CFPB-OIG) Federal Reserve Police Federal Reserve Board of Governors Federal Reserve Board Police Tennessee Valley Authority Office of Inspector General (TVA-OIG) Tennessee Valley Authority Police (TVAP) Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Office of Inspector General (NRC-OIG) National Science Foundation (NSF) Office of Inspector General (NSF-OIG) National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) Office of Inspector General (NARA-OIG) Peace Corps (PC) Office of Inspector General (PC-OIG) Railroad Retirement Board (RRB) Office of Inspector General (RRB-OIG) Small Business Administration (SBA) Office of Inspector General (SBA-OIG) Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) Office of Inspector General (FDIC-OIG) General Services Administration (GSA) Office of Inspector General (GSA-OIG) Social Security Administration (SSA) Office of Inspector General (SSA-OIG) United States Agency for International Development Office of Inspector General (AID-OIG) Corporation for National and Community Service (CNCS) Office of Inspector General (CNCS-OIG) List of former agencies and units of agencies[edit] Bureau of Internal Revenue, Narcotic Division (1921-1927) (transferred to Bureau of Prohibition) Bureau of Prohibition, Narcotic Division (1927-1930) (merged into Federal Bureau of Narcotics) Federal Narcotics Control Board (FNCB) (1922-1930) (merged into Federal Bureau of Narcotics) White House Police Force (1922-1930) (became part of the United States Secret Service. It was renamed the Executive Protective Service in 1970 and then the Uniformed Division of the Secret Service in 1977) Steamboat Inspection Service (1871-1932) (merged into Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation) Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation (1884-1946) (functions split between U.S. Customs Service and U.S. Coast Guard) Federal Bureau of Narcotics (FBN) (1930-1968) (merged into Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs) Bureau of Drug Abuse Control (1966-1968) (merged into Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs) Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs (BNDD) (1968-1973) (merged into Drug Enforcement Administration) Office of Drug Abuse Law Enforcement (ODALE) (1972-1973) (merged into Drug Enforcement Administration) Office of National Narcotics Intelligence (ONNI) (1972-1973) (merged into Drug Enforcement Administration) Bureau of Secret Intelligence (BSI) (1916-1985) (replaced by Diplomatic Security Service) United States Treasury Police (TPF) (1879-1986) (merged with the Uniformed Division of the Secret Service) United States Customs Service (1789-2003) (functions split between U.S. Customs and Border Protection and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement) Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) (1940-2003) (functions transferred to three new entities – U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, and U.S. Customs and Border Protection.) Library of Congress Police (LCP) (1950-2009) (merged into the United States Capitol Police) Hoover Dam Police (1931-2017) Merged with the Department of Interior Federal Investigative Services Division (replaced by National Background Investigations Bureau in 2016) National Background Investigations Bureau (2016-2019) (merged with Defense Counterintelligence and Security Agency) Defense Investigative Service (DSS) (1972-1999) (changed to Defense Security Service) Defense Security Service (DSS) (1999-2019) (merged with Defense Counterintelligence and Security Agency) Statistics[edit] In 2004, federal agencies employed approximately 105,000 full-time personnel authorized to make arrests and carry firearms in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Compared with 2002, employment of such personnel increased by 13%. Nationwide, there were 36 federal officers per 100,000 residents. Outside the District of Columbia, which had 1,662 per 100,000, State ratios ranged from 90 per 100,000 in Arizona to 7 per 100,000 in Iowa. As of 2004, about 3 in 4 federal law enforcement officers working outside the Armed Forces were employed within the Department of Homeland Security or the Department of Justice. Federal officers' duties included criminal investigation (38%), police response and patrol (21%), corrections and detention (16%), inspections (16%), court operations (5%), and security and protection (4%). Women accounted for 16% of federal officers in 2004, an increase from 14.8% in 2002. A third (33.2%) of federal officers were members of a racial or ethnic minority in 2004. This included 17.7% who were Hispanic or Latino, and 11.4% who were black or African American. In 2002, racial or ethnic minorities officers comprised 32.4% of federal officers. Twenty-seven federal offices of inspector general (IG) employed criminal investigators with arrest and firearm authority in 2004. Overall, these agencies employed 2,867 such officers in the 50 states and District of Columbia.[8] See also[edit] Law enforcement in the United States List of United States state and local law enforcement agencies References[edit] ^ a b "CBP Through the Years - U.S. Customs and Border Protection". ^ Hatcher, Jeanette. "LibGuides: Criminal Justice: Federal Law Enforcement Agencies". ^ Langeluttig, Albert (1927). The Department of Justice of the United States. Johns Hopkins Press. pp. 9–14. ^ "History of the United States Postal Inspection Service". Retrieved 2020-02-06. ^ https://www.usmarshals.gov/history/oldest.htm ^ "Protective Operations Division". ^ https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/IN/IN11328 ^ bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov Federal Law Enforcement United States Bureau of Justice Statistics Publications & Products. Page last revised on 17 June 2010. Retrieved 2010-06-17.  This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Government. External links[edit] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Federal police of the United States. v t e Federal law enforcement agencies of the United States Department of Commerce Office of Export Enforcement National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - Fisheries: Office of Law Enforcement Office of Security Department of Defense Defense Criminal Investigative Service Department of Defense police Defense Logistics Agency Police Pentagon Force Protection Agency (Pentagon Police) National Security Agency Police Department of the Army Intelligence and Security Command Criminal Investigation Command US Army Military Police Corps Army Department Police Corrections Command Department of the Navy Naval Criminal Investigative Service Marine Corps Criminal Investigation Division Master-at-Arms Marine Corps Police Naval Academy Police Department of the Air Force Office of Special Investigations Security Forces Department of the Air Force Police Department of Health and Human Services United States Food and Drug Administration (Office of Criminal Investigations) National Institutes of Health Police Department of Homeland Security Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services United States Coast Guard Investigative Service Coast Guard Police Customs and Border Protection Federal Protective Service Immigration and Customs Enforcement United States Secret Service Transportation Security Administration Office of Law Enforcement/Federal Air Marshal Service Department of the Interior Bureau of Indian Affairs Police Bureau of Land Management: Office of Law Enforcement Hoover Dam Police National Park Service Rangers United States Park Police Fish and Wildlife Service: Office of Law Enforcement National Wildlife Refuge System: Division of Refuge Law Enforcement Department of Justice Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives Drug Enforcement Administration Federal Bureau of Investigation FBI Police Federal Bureau of Prisons United States Marshals Service Department of State Bureau of Diplomatic Security Diplomatic Security Service Office of Foreign Missions Department of the Treasury Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau Bureau of Engraving and Printing Police Financial Crimes Enforcement Network Internal Revenue Service, Criminal Investigation United States Mint Police Other executive department agencies Agriculture: US Forest Service: Law Enforcement & Investigations Energy: Office of Secure Transportation Transportation: United States Merchant Marine Academy Department of Public Safety Veterans Affairs: Department of Veterans Affairs Police United States Congress Sergeant at Arms of the House of Representatives Sergeant at Arms of the Senate United States Capitol Police Government Printing Office Police Judicial branch U.S. Probation and Pretrial Services System Marshal of the United States Supreme Court (Supreme Court Police) Other federal law enforcement agencies Amtrak Police Department Central Intelligence Agency: Security Protective Service Environmental Protection Agency: Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance Federal Reserve Police Postal Inspection Service (U.S. Postal Police) Smithsonian Institution Office of Protection Services (National Zoological Park Police) v t e Lists of law enforcement agencies by country Argentina Australia Brazil Canada Germany India Italy Japan Pakistan South Africa South Korea United Kingdom United States of America: (federal • state & local) Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Federal_law_enforcement_in_the_United_States&oldid=1002089697" Categories: Federal law enforcement in the United States Federal law enforcement agencies of the United States Lists of government agencies in the United States Lists of law enforcement agencies Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata Wikipedia articles incorporating text from public domain works of the United States Government Commons category link is on Wikidata Navigation menu Personal tools Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in Namespaces Article Talk Variants Views Read Edit View history More Search Navigation Main page Contents Current events Random article About Wikipedia Contact us Donate Contribute Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file Tools What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Permanent link Page information Cite this page Wikidata item Print/export Download as PDF Printable version In other projects Wikimedia Commons Languages العربية Deutsch Français Svenska 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 22 January 2021, at 20:19 (UTC). 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