id sid tid token lemma pos 39142 1 1 Illustration illustration NN 39142 1 2 : : : 39142 1 3 Photo Photo NNP 39142 1 4 , , , 39142 1 5 Mt. Mount NNP 39142 2 1 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 2 2 Solar Solar NNP 39142 2 3 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 2 4 _ _ NNP 39142 2 5 An An NNP 39142 2 6 Active Active NNP 39142 2 7 Prominence Prominence NNP 39142 2 8 of of IN 39142 2 9 the the DT 39142 2 10 Sun Sun NNP 39142 2 11 , , , 39142 2 12 140,000 140,000 CD 39142 2 13 Miles Miles NNP 39142 2 14 High High NNP 39142 2 15 , , , 39142 2 16 photographed photograph VBN 39142 2 17 July July NNP 39142 2 18 9 9 CD 39142 2 19 , , , 39142 2 20 1917 1917 CD 39142 2 21 . . . 39142 2 22 _ _ NNP 39142 2 23 ] ] -RRB- 39142 2 24 ASTRONOMY ASTRONOMY NNP 39142 2 25 THE the DT 39142 2 26 SCIENCE SCIENCE NNP 39142 2 27 OF of IN 39142 2 28 THE the DT 39142 2 29 HEAVENLY HEAVENLY NNP 39142 2 30 BODIES body NNS 39142 2 31 BY by IN 39142 2 32 DAVID david NN 39142 2 33 TODD TODD NNP 39142 2 34 DIRECTOR DIRECTOR NNP 39142 2 35 EMERITUS emeritu NNS 39142 2 36 , , , 39142 2 37 AMHERST AMHERST NNP 39142 2 38 COLLEGE COLLEGE NNP 39142 2 39 OBSERVATORY OBSERVATORY NNP 39142 2 40 [ [ -LRB- 39142 2 41 Illustration illustration NN 39142 2 42 : : : 39142 2 43 Harper Harper NNP 39142 2 44 & & CC 39142 2 45 Brothers Brothers NNP 39142 2 46 logo logo NN 39142 2 47 ] ] -RRB- 39142 2 48 NEW NEW NNP 39142 2 49 YORK YORK NNP 39142 2 50 AND and CC 39142 2 51 LONDON LONDON NNP 39142 2 52 HARPER HARPER NNP 39142 2 53 & & CC 39142 2 54 BROTHERS BROTHERS NNPS 39142 2 55 PUBLISHERS publisher NNS 39142 2 56 MCMXXII mcmxxii RB 39142 2 57 Copyright copyright NN 39142 2 58 1922 1922 CD 39142 2 59 BY by IN 39142 2 60 P. P. NNP 39142 2 61 F. F. NNP 39142 2 62 COLLIER COLLIER NNP 39142 2 63 & & CC 39142 2 64 SON SON NNP 39142 2 65 COMPANY COMPANY NNP 39142 2 66 Sir Sir NNP 39142 2 67 William William NNP 39142 2 68 Rowan Rowan NNP 39142 2 69 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 39142 2 70 , , , 39142 2 71 the the DT 39142 2 72 eminent eminent JJ 39142 2 73 mathematician mathematician NN 39142 2 74 of of IN 39142 2 75 Dublin Dublin NNP 39142 2 76 , , , 39142 2 77 has have VBZ 39142 2 78 , , , 39142 2 79 of of IN 39142 2 80 all all DT 39142 2 81 writers writer NNS 39142 2 82 ancient ancient JJ 39142 2 83 and and CC 39142 2 84 modern modern JJ 39142 2 85 , , , 39142 2 86 most most RBS 39142 2 87 fittingly fittingly RB 39142 2 88 characterized characterize VBD 39142 2 89 the the DT 39142 2 90 ideal ideal JJ 39142 2 91 science science NN 39142 2 92 of of IN 39142 2 93 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 2 94 as as IN 39142 2 95 man man NN 39142 2 96 's 's POS 39142 2 97 golden golden JJ 39142 2 98 chain chain NN 39142 2 99 connecting connect VBG 39142 2 100 the the DT 39142 2 101 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 2 102 to to IN 39142 2 103 the the DT 39142 2 104 earth earth NN 39142 2 105 , , , 39142 2 106 by by IN 39142 2 107 which which WDT 39142 2 108 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2 109 " " `` 39142 2 110 learn learn VBP 39142 2 111 the the DT 39142 2 112 language language NN 39142 2 113 and and CC 39142 2 114 interpret interpret VB 39142 2 115 the the DT 39142 2 116 oracles oracle NNS 39142 2 117 of of IN 39142 2 118 the the DT 39142 2 119 universe universe NN 39142 2 120 . . . 39142 2 121 " " '' 39142 3 1 The the DT 39142 3 2 oldest old JJS 39142 3 3 of of IN 39142 3 4 the the DT 39142 3 5 sciences science NNS 39142 3 6 , , , 39142 3 7 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 3 8 is be VBZ 39142 3 9 also also RB 39142 3 10 the the DT 39142 3 11 broadest broad JJS 39142 3 12 in in IN 39142 3 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3 14 relations relation NNS 39142 3 15 to to IN 39142 3 16 human human JJ 39142 3 17 knowledge knowledge NN 39142 3 18 and and CC 39142 3 19 the the DT 39142 3 20 interests interest NNS 39142 3 21 of of IN 39142 3 22 mankind mankind NN 39142 3 23 . . . 39142 4 1 Many many JJ 39142 4 2 are be VBP 39142 4 3 the the DT 39142 4 4 cognate cognate NN 39142 4 5 sciences science NNS 39142 4 6 upon upon IN 39142 4 7 which which WDT 39142 4 8 the the DT 39142 4 9 noble noble JJ 39142 4 10 structure structure NN 39142 4 11 of of IN 39142 4 12 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 4 13 has have VBZ 39142 4 14 been be VBN 39142 4 15 erected erect VBN 39142 4 16 : : : 39142 4 17 foremost foremost RB 39142 4 18 of of IN 39142 4 19 all all DT 39142 4 20 , , , 39142 4 21 geometry geometry NN 39142 4 22 and and CC 39142 4 23 the the DT 39142 4 24 higher high JJR 39142 4 25 mathematics mathematic NNS 39142 4 26 , , , 39142 4 27 which which WDT 39142 4 28 tell tell VBP 39142 4 29 us -PRON- PRP 39142 4 30 of of IN 39142 4 31 motions motion NNS 39142 4 32 , , , 39142 4 33 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 4 34 and and CC 39142 4 35 distances distance NNS 39142 4 36 ; ; : 39142 4 37 physics physics NN 39142 4 38 and and CC 39142 4 39 chemistry chemistry NN 39142 4 40 , , , 39142 4 41 of of IN 39142 4 42 the the DT 39142 4 43 origin origin NN 39142 4 44 , , , 39142 4 45 nature nature NN 39142 4 46 , , , 39142 4 47 and and CC 39142 4 48 destinies destiny NNS 39142 4 49 of of IN 39142 4 50 planets planet NNS 39142 4 51 , , , 39142 4 52 sun sun NN 39142 4 53 , , , 39142 4 54 and and CC 39142 4 55 star star NNP 39142 4 56 ; ; : 39142 4 57 meteorology meteorology NN 39142 4 58 , , , 39142 4 59 of of IN 39142 4 60 the the DT 39142 4 61 circulation circulation NN 39142 4 62 of of IN 39142 4 63 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 4 64 atmospheres atmosphere NNS 39142 4 65 ; ; : 39142 4 66 geology geology NN 39142 4 67 , , , 39142 4 68 of of IN 39142 4 69 the the DT 39142 4 70 structure structure NN 39142 4 71 of of IN 39142 4 72 the the DT 39142 4 73 moon moon NN 39142 4 74 's 's POS 39142 4 75 surface surface NN 39142 4 76 ; ; : 39142 4 77 mineralogy mineralogy NN 39142 4 78 , , , 39142 4 79 of of IN 39142 4 80 the the DT 39142 4 81 constitution constitution NN 39142 4 82 of of IN 39142 4 83 meteorites meteorite NNS 39142 4 84 ; ; : 39142 4 85 while while IN 39142 4 86 , , , 39142 4 87 if if IN 39142 4 88 we -PRON- PRP 39142 4 89 attack attack VBP 39142 4 90 , , , 39142 4 91 even even RB 39142 4 92 elementally elementally RB 39142 4 93 , , , 39142 4 94 the the DT 39142 4 95 fascinating fascinating JJ 39142 4 96 , , , 39142 4 97 though though IN 39142 4 98 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 4 99 forever forever RB 39142 4 100 unsolvable unsolvable JJ 39142 4 101 , , , 39142 4 102 problem problem NN 39142 4 103 of of IN 39142 4 104 life life NN 39142 4 105 in in IN 39142 4 106 other other JJ 39142 4 107 worlds world NNS 39142 4 108 , , , 39142 4 109 the the DT 39142 4 110 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 4 111 must must MD 39142 4 112 invoke invoke VB 39142 4 113 all all PDT 39142 4 114 the the DT 39142 4 115 resources resource NNS 39142 4 116 that that WDT 39142 4 117 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 4 118 fellow fellow JJ 39142 4 119 biologists biologist NNS 39142 4 120 and and CC 39142 4 121 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 4 122 many many JJ 39142 4 123 - - HYPH 39142 4 124 sided sided JJ 39142 4 125 science science NN 39142 4 126 can can MD 39142 4 127 afford afford VB 39142 4 128 him -PRON- PRP 39142 4 129 . . . 39142 5 1 The the DT 39142 5 2 progress progress NN 39142 5 3 of of IN 39142 5 4 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 5 5 from from IN 39142 5 6 age age NN 39142 5 7 to to IN 39142 5 8 age age NN 39142 5 9 has have VBZ 39142 5 10 been be VBN 39142 5 11 far far RB 39142 5 12 from from IN 39142 5 13 uniform uniform NN 39142 5 14 -- -- : 39142 5 15 rather rather RB 39142 5 16 by by IN 39142 5 17 leaps leap NNS 39142 5 18 and and CC 39142 5 19 bounds bound NNS 39142 5 20 : : : 39142 5 21 from from IN 39142 5 22 the the DT 39142 5 23 earliest early JJS 39142 5 24 epoch epoch NN 39142 5 25 when when WRB 39142 5 26 man man NN 39142 5 27 's 's POS 39142 5 28 planet planet NN 39142 5 29 earth earth NN 39142 5 30 was be VBD 39142 5 31 the the DT 39142 5 32 center center NN 39142 5 33 about about IN 39142 5 34 which which WDT 39142 5 35 the the DT 39142 5 36 stupendous stupendous JJ 39142 5 37 cosmos cosmo NNS 39142 5 38 wheeled wheel VBN 39142 5 39 , , , 39142 5 40 for for IN 39142 5 41 whom whom WP 39142 5 42 it -PRON- PRP 39142 5 43 was be VBD 39142 5 44 created create VBN 39142 5 45 , , , 39142 5 46 and and CC 39142 5 47 for for IN 39142 5 48 whose whose WP$ 39142 5 49 edification edification NN 39142 5 50 it -PRON- PRP 39142 5 51 was be VBD 39142 5 52 maintained maintain VBN 39142 5 53 -- -- : 39142 5 54 down down IN 39142 5 55 to to IN 39142 5 56 the the DT 39142 5 57 modern modern JJ 39142 5 58 age age NN 39142 5 59 whose whose WP$ 39142 5 60 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 5 61 have have VBP 39142 5 62 ascertained ascertain VBN 39142 5 63 that that IN 39142 5 64 even even RB 39142 5 65 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 5 66 stellar stellar JJ 39142 5 67 universe universe NN 39142 5 68 , , , 39142 5 69 the the DT 39142 5 70 vast vast JJ 39142 5 71 region region NN 39142 5 72 of of IN 39142 5 73 the the DT 39142 5 74 solar solar JJ 39142 5 75 domain domain NN 39142 5 76 , , , 39142 5 77 is be VBZ 39142 5 78 but but CC 39142 5 79 one one CD 39142 5 80 of of IN 39142 5 81 the the DT 39142 5 82 thousands thousand NNS 39142 5 83 of of IN 39142 5 84 island island NN 39142 5 85 universes universe NNS 39142 5 86 that that WDT 39142 5 87 tenant tenant VBP 39142 5 88 the the DT 39142 5 89 inconceivable inconceivable JJ 39142 5 90 immensities immensity NNS 39142 5 91 of of IN 39142 5 92 space space NN 39142 5 93 . . . 39142 6 1 Such such JJ 39142 6 2 results result NNS 39142 6 3 have have VBP 39142 6 4 been be VBN 39142 6 5 attainable attainable JJ 39142 6 6 only only RB 39142 6 7 through through IN 39142 6 8 the the DT 39142 6 9 successful successful JJ 39142 6 10 construction construction NN 39142 6 11 and and CC 39142 6 12 operation operation NN 39142 6 13 of of IN 39142 6 14 monster monster NN 39142 6 15 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 6 16 that that WDT 39142 6 17 bring bring VBP 39142 6 18 to to IN 39142 6 19 the the DT 39142 6 20 eye eye NN 39142 6 21 and and CC 39142 6 22 visualize visualize VB 39142 6 23 on on IN 39142 6 24 photographic photographic JJ 39142 6 25 plates plate NNS 39142 6 26 the the DT 39142 6 27 faintest faint JJS 39142 6 28 of of IN 39142 6 29 celestial celestial JJ 39142 6 30 objects object NNS 39142 6 31 which which WDT 39142 6 32 were be VBD 39142 6 33 the the DT 39142 6 34 despair despair NN 39142 6 35 of of IN 39142 6 36 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 6 37 only only RB 39142 6 38 a a DT 39142 6 39 few few JJ 39142 6 40 years year NNS 39142 6 41 ago ago RB 39142 6 42 . . . 39142 7 1 But but CC 39142 7 2 the the DT 39142 7 3 end end NN 39142 7 4 is be VBZ 39142 7 5 not not RB 39142 7 6 yet yet RB 39142 7 7 ; ; : 39142 7 8 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 7 9 to to NN 39142 7 10 - - HYPH 39142 7 11 day day NN 39142 7 12 is be VBZ 39142 7 13 but but CC 39142 7 14 passing pass VBG 39142 7 15 from from IN 39142 7 16 infancy infancy NN 39142 7 17 to to IN 39142 7 18 youth youth NN 39142 7 19 . . . 39142 8 1 And and CC 39142 8 2 with with IN 39142 8 3 new new JJ 39142 8 4 and and CC 39142 8 5 greater great JJR 39142 8 6 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 8 7 , , , 39142 8 8 with with IN 39142 8 9 new new JJ 39142 8 10 photographic photographic JJ 39142 8 11 processes process NNS 39142 8 12 of of IN 39142 8 13 higher high JJR 39142 8 14 sensitivity sensitivity NN 39142 8 15 , , , 39142 8 16 with with IN 39142 8 17 the the DT 39142 8 18 help help NN 39142 8 19 of of IN 39142 8 20 modern modern JJ 39142 8 21 invention invention NN 39142 8 22 in in IN 39142 8 23 overcoming overcome VBG 39142 8 24 the the DT 39142 8 25 obstacle obstacle NN 39142 8 26 of of IN 39142 8 27 the the DT 39142 8 28 air air NN 39142 8 29 -- -- : 39142 8 30 that that IN 39142 8 31 constant constant JJ 39142 8 32 foe foe NN 39142 8 33 of of IN 39142 8 34 the the DT 39142 8 35 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 8 36 -- -- : 39142 8 37 who who WP 39142 8 38 will will MD 39142 8 39 presume presume VB 39142 8 40 to to TO 39142 8 41 set set VB 39142 8 42 down down RP 39142 8 43 any any DT 39142 8 44 limit limit NN 39142 8 45 to to IN 39142 8 46 the the DT 39142 8 47 leaps leap NNS 39142 8 48 and and CC 39142 8 49 bounds bound NNS 39142 8 50 of of IN 39142 8 51 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 8 52 in in IN 39142 8 53 the the DT 39142 8 54 future future NN 39142 8 55 ? ? . 39142 9 1 So so RB 39142 9 2 rapid rapid JJ 39142 9 3 , , , 39142 9 4 indeed indeed RB 39142 9 5 , , , 39142 9 6 has have VBZ 39142 9 7 been be VBN 39142 9 8 the the DT 39142 9 9 progress progress NN 39142 9 10 of of IN 39142 9 11 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 9 12 in in IN 39142 9 13 very very RB 39142 9 14 recent recent JJ 39142 9 15 years year NNS 39142 9 16 that that IN 39142 9 17 the the DT 39142 9 18 present present NN 39142 9 19 is be VBZ 39142 9 20 especially especially RB 39142 9 21 favorable favorable JJ 39142 9 22 for for IN 39142 9 23 setting set VBG 39142 9 24 forth forth RP 39142 9 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 9 26 salient salient NN 39142 9 27 features feature NNS 39142 9 28 ; ; : 39142 9 29 and and CC 39142 9 30 this this DT 39142 9 31 book book NN 39142 9 32 is be VBZ 39142 9 33 an an DT 39142 9 34 attempt attempt NN 39142 9 35 to to TO 39142 9 36 present present VB 39142 9 37 the the DT 39142 9 38 wide wide JJ 39142 9 39 range range NN 39142 9 40 of of IN 39142 9 41 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 9 42 in in IN 39142 9 43 readable readable JJ 39142 9 44 fashion fashion NN 39142 9 45 , , , 39142 9 46 as as IN 39142 9 47 if if IN 39142 9 48 a a DT 39142 9 49 story story NN 39142 9 50 with with IN 39142 9 51 a a DT 39142 9 52 definite definite JJ 39142 9 53 plot plot NN 39142 9 54 , , , 39142 9 55 from from IN 39142 9 56 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 9 57 origin origin NN 39142 9 58 with with IN 39142 9 59 the the DT 39142 9 60 shepherds shepherd NNS 39142 9 61 of of IN 39142 9 62 ancient ancient JJ 39142 9 63 Chaldea Chaldea NNP 39142 9 64 down down RP 39142 9 65 to to IN 39142 9 66 present present JJ 39142 9 67 - - HYPH 39142 9 68 day day NN 39142 9 69 ascertainment ascertainment NN 39142 9 70 of of IN 39142 9 71 the the DT 39142 9 72 actual actual JJ 39142 9 73 scale scale NN 39142 9 74 of of IN 39142 9 75 the the DT 39142 9 76 universe universe NN 39142 9 77 , , , 39142 9 78 and and CC 39142 9 79 definite definite JJ 39142 9 80 measures measure NNS 39142 9 81 of of IN 39142 9 82 the the DT 39142 9 83 huge huge JJ 39142 9 84 volume volume NN 39142 9 85 of of IN 39142 9 86 supersolar supersolar JJ 39142 9 87 giants giant NNS 39142 9 88 among among IN 39142 9 89 the the DT 39142 9 90 stars star NNS 39142 9 91 . . . 39142 10 1 DAVID DAVID NNP 39142 10 2 TODD TODD NNP 39142 10 3 AMHERST AMHERST NNP 39142 10 4 COLLEGE COLLEGE NNP 39142 10 5 OBSERVATORY OBSERVATORY NNP 39142 10 6 November November NNP 39142 10 7 , , , 39142 10 8 1921 1921 CD 39142 10 9 CONTENTS CONTENTS NNP 39142 10 10 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39142 10 11 PAGE page NN 39142 10 12 I. i. NN 39142 10 13 ASTRONOMY astronomy VBP 39142 10 14 A a DT 39142 10 15 LIVING live VBG 39142 10 16 SCIENCE science NN 39142 10 17 9 9 CD 39142 10 18 II ii CD 39142 10 19 . . . 39142 11 1 THE the DT 39142 11 2 FIRST FIRST NNP 39142 11 3 ASTRONOMERS astronomer NNS 39142 11 4 19 19 CD 39142 11 5 III iii CD 39142 11 6 . . . 39142 12 1 PYRAMID PYRAMID NNP 39142 12 2 , , , 39142 12 3 TOMB TOMB NNP 39142 12 4 , , , 39142 12 5 AND and CC 39142 12 6 TEMPLE TEMPLE NNP 39142 12 7 23 23 CD 39142 12 8 IV IV NNP 39142 12 9 . . . 39142 13 1 ORIGIN ORIGIN NNS 39142 13 2 OF of IN 39142 13 3 GREEK GREEK NNP 39142 13 4 ASTRONOMY ASTRONOMY NNP 39142 13 5 27 27 CD 39142 13 6 V. v. NN 39142 13 7 MEASURING measure VBG 39142 13 8 THE the DT 39142 13 9 EARTH earth NN 39142 13 10 -- -- : 39142 13 11 ERATOSTHENES eratosthenes NN 39142 13 12 30 30 CD 39142 13 13 VI vi NN 39142 13 14 . . . 39142 14 1 PTOLEMY PTOLEMY NNPS 39142 14 2 AND and CC 39142 14 3 HIS his PRP$ 39142 14 4 GREAT great JJ 39142 14 5 BOOK book NN 39142 14 6 33 33 CD 39142 14 7 VII vii NN 39142 14 8 . . . 39142 15 1 ASTRONOMY astronomy VB 39142 15 2 OF of IN 39142 15 3 THE the DT 39142 15 4 MIDDLE MIDDLE NNP 39142 15 5 AGES AGES NNP 39142 15 6 37 37 CD 39142 15 7 VIII viii NN 39142 15 8 . . . 39142 16 1 COPERNICUS COPERNICUS NNP 39142 16 2 AND and CC 39142 16 3 THE the DT 39142 16 4 NEW new JJ 39142 16 5 ERA era NN 39142 16 6 42 42 CD 39142 16 7 IX ix NN 39142 16 8 . . . 39142 17 1 TYCHO TYCHO NNP 39142 17 2 , , , 39142 17 3 THE the DT 39142 17 4 GREAT GREAT NNP 39142 17 5 OBSERVER OBSERVER VBZ 39142 17 6 45 45 CD 39142 17 7 X. X. NNP 39142 17 8 KEPLER KEPLER NNP 39142 17 9 , , , 39142 17 10 THE the DT 39142 17 11 GREAT GREAT NNP 39142 17 12 CALCULATOR CALCULATOR NNS 39142 17 13 49 49 CD 39142 17 14 XI XI NNS 39142 17 15 . . . 39142 18 1 GALILEO GALILEO NNP 39142 18 2 , , , 39142 18 3 THE the DT 39142 18 4 GREAT great JJ 39142 18 5 EXPERIMENTER EXPERIMENTER NNP 39142 18 6 53 53 CD 39142 18 7 XII XII NNP 39142 18 8 . . . 39142 19 1 AFTER after IN 39142 19 2 THE the DT 39142 19 3 GREAT great JJ 39142 19 4 MASTERS master NNS 39142 19 5 57 57 CD 39142 19 6 XIII xiii NN 39142 19 7 . . . 39142 20 1 NEWTON NEWTON NNP 39142 20 2 AND and CC 39142 20 3 MOTION motion NN 39142 20 4 62 62 CD 39142 20 5 XIV xiv NN 39142 20 6 . . . 39142 21 1 NEWTON NEWTON NNP 39142 21 2 AND and CC 39142 21 3 GRAVITATION gravitation NN 39142 21 4 66 66 CD 39142 21 5 XV XV NNP 39142 21 6 . . . 39142 22 1 AFTER after IN 39142 22 2 NEWTON NEWTON NNP 39142 22 3 73 73 CD 39142 22 4 XVI XVI NNP 39142 22 5 . . . 39142 23 1 HALLEY HALLEY NNP 39142 23 2 AND and CC 39142 23 3 HIS his PRP$ 39142 23 4 COMET COMET NNP 39142 23 5 83 83 CD 39142 23 6 XVII XVII NNS 39142 23 7 . . . 39142 24 1 BRADLEY BRADLEY NNP 39142 24 2 AND and CC 39142 24 3 ABERRATION aberration NN 39142 24 4 90 90 CD 39142 24 5 XVIII xviii NN 39142 24 6 . . . 39142 25 1 THE the DT 39142 25 2 TELESCOPE telescope NN 39142 25 3 93 93 CD 39142 25 4 XIX xix NN 39142 25 5 . . . 39142 26 1 REFLECTORS REFLECTORS NNP 39142 26 2 -- -- : 39142 26 3 MIRROR MIRROR NNP 39142 26 4 TELESCOPES TELESCOPES NNP 39142 26 5 102 102 CD 39142 26 6 XX XX NNP 39142 26 7 . . . 39142 27 1 THE the DT 39142 27 2 STORY STORY NNP 39142 27 3 OF of IN 39142 27 4 THE the DT 39142 27 5 SPECTROSCOPE SPECTROSCOPE NNP 39142 27 6 111 111 CD 39142 27 7 XXI XXI NNP 39142 27 8 . . . 39142 28 1 THE the DT 39142 28 2 STORY STORY NNP 39142 28 3 OF of IN 39142 28 4 ASTRONOMICAL ASTRONOMICAL NNP 39142 28 5 PHOTOGRAPHY PHOTOGRAPHY NNP 39142 28 6 125 125 CD 39142 28 7 XXII XXII NNS 39142 28 8 . . . 39142 29 1 MOUNTAIN mountain NN 39142 29 2 OBSERVATORIES OBSERVATORIES NNP 39142 29 3 139 139 CD 39142 29 4 XXIII xxiii NN 39142 29 5 . . . 39142 30 1 THE the DT 39142 30 2 PROGRAM PROGRAM NNP 39142 30 3 OF of IN 39142 30 4 A a DT 39142 30 5 GREAT GREAT NNP 39142 30 6 OBSERVATORY OBSERVATORY NNP 39142 30 7 152 152 CD 39142 30 8 XXIV xxiv NN 39142 30 9 . . . 39142 31 1 OUR our PRP$ 39142 31 2 SOLAR solar NN 39142 31 3 SYSTEM system NN 39142 31 4 162 162 CD 39142 31 5 XXV XXV NNP 39142 31 6 . . . 39142 32 1 THE the DT 39142 32 2 SUN sun NN 39142 32 3 AND and CC 39142 32 4 OBSERVING observe VBG 39142 32 5 IT it NN 39142 32 6 165 165 CD 39142 32 7 XXVI XXVI NNS 39142 32 8 . . . 39142 33 1 SUN SUN NNP 39142 33 2 SPOTS SPOTS NNP 39142 33 3 AND and CC 39142 33 4 PROMINENCES PROMINENCES NNP 39142 33 5 174 174 CD 39142 33 6 XXVII xxvii NN 39142 33 7 . . . 39142 34 1 THE the DT 39142 34 2 INNER inner JJ 39142 34 3 PLANETS planets NN 39142 34 4 189 189 CD 39142 34 5 XXVIII XXVIII NNP 39142 34 6 . . . 39142 35 1 THE the DT 39142 35 2 MOON MOON NNP 39142 35 3 AND and CC 39142 35 4 HER her PRP$ 39142 35 5 SURFACE surface VBP 39142 35 6 193 193 CD 39142 35 7 XXIX xxix NN 39142 35 8 . . . 39142 36 1 ECLIPSES eclipses NN 39142 36 2 OF of IN 39142 36 3 THE the DT 39142 36 4 MOON MOON NNP 39142 36 5 206 206 CD 39142 36 6 XXX XXX NNP 39142 36 7 . . . 39142 37 1 TOTAL total JJ 39142 37 2 ECLIPSES eclipse NNS 39142 37 3 OF of IN 39142 37 4 THE the DT 39142 37 5 SUN SUN NNP 39142 37 6 209 209 CD 39142 37 7 XXXI xxxi NN 39142 37 8 . . . 39142 38 1 THE the DT 39142 38 2 SOLAR SOLAR NNP 39142 38 3 CORONA corona VBP 39142 38 4 219 219 CD 39142 38 5 XXXII XXXII NNS 39142 38 6 . . . 39142 39 1 THE the DT 39142 39 2 RUDDY ruddy NN 39142 39 3 PLANET PLANET NNS 39142 39 4 227 227 CD 39142 39 5 XXXIII XXXIII NNP 39142 39 6 . . . 39142 40 1 THE the DT 39142 40 2 CANALS canal NNS 39142 40 3 OF of IN 39142 40 4 MARS MARS NNP 39142 40 5 235 235 CD 39142 40 6 XXXIV xxxiv NN 39142 40 7 . . . 39142 41 1 LIFE life NN 39142 41 2 IN in IN 39142 41 3 OTHER other JJ 39142 41 4 WORLDS WORLDS NNP 39142 41 5 242 242 CD 39142 41 6 XXXV XXXV NNP 39142 41 7 . . . 39142 42 1 THE the DT 39142 42 2 LITTLE LITTLE NNP 39142 42 3 PLANETS PLANETS NNP 39142 42 4 254 254 CD 39142 42 5 XXXVI xxxvi NN 39142 42 6 . . . 39142 43 1 THE the DT 39142 43 2 GIANT GIANT NNP 39142 43 3 PLANET PLANET NNP 39142 43 4 260 260 CD 39142 43 5 XXXVII xxxvii NN 39142 43 6 . . . 39142 44 1 THE the DT 39142 44 2 RINGED ringed NN 39142 44 3 PLANET planet NN 39142 44 4 264 264 CD 39142 44 5 XXXVIII xxxviii NN 39142 44 6 . . . 39142 45 1 THE the DT 39142 45 2 FARTHEST FARTHEST NNP 39142 45 3 PLANETS planets NN 39142 45 4 267 267 CD 39142 45 5 XXXIX xxxix NN 39142 45 6 . . . 39142 46 1 THE the DT 39142 46 2 TRANS TRANS NNP 39142 46 3 - - HYPH 39142 46 4 NEPTUNIAN NEPTUNIAN NNP 39142 46 5 PLANET PLANET NNP 39142 46 6 270 270 CD 39142 46 7 XL XL NNP 39142 46 8 . . . 39142 47 1 COMETS COMETS NNP 39142 47 2 -- -- : 39142 47 3 THE the DT 39142 47 4 HAIRY HAIRY NNP 39142 47 5 STARS star VBZ 39142 47 6 273 273 CD 39142 47 7 XLI xli NN 39142 47 8 . . . 39142 48 1 WHERE where WRB 39142 48 2 DO do VBP 39142 48 3 COMETS comet NNS 39142 48 4 COME come VB 39142 48 5 FROM from IN 39142 48 6 ? ? . 39142 49 1 279 279 CD 39142 49 2 XLII xlii NN 39142 49 3 . . . 39142 50 1 METEORS METEORS NNP 39142 50 2 AND and CC 39142 50 3 SHOOTING SHOOTING NNP 39142 50 4 STARS STARS NNP 39142 50 5 283 283 CD 39142 50 6 XLIII xliii NN 39142 50 7 . . . 39142 51 1 METEORITES METEORITES NNP 39142 51 2 290 290 CD 39142 51 3 XLIV XLIV NNS 39142 51 4 . . . 39142 52 1 THE the DT 39142 52 2 UNIVERSE UNIVERSE NNP 39142 52 3 OF of IN 39142 52 4 STARS STARS NNP 39142 52 5 294 294 CD 39142 52 6 XLV XLV NNS 39142 52 7 . . . 39142 53 1 STAR STAR NNP 39142 53 2 CHARTS CHARTS NNP 39142 53 3 AND and CC 39142 53 4 CATALOGUES catalogues NN 39142 53 5 300 300 CD 39142 53 6 XLVI xlvi NN 39142 53 7 . . . 39142 54 1 THE the DT 39142 54 2 SUN SUN NNP 39142 54 3 'S 's POS 39142 54 4 MOTION MOTION NNP 39142 54 5 TOWARD toward NN 39142 54 6 LYRA LYRA VBD 39142 54 7 304 304 CD 39142 54 8 XLVII XLVII NNP 39142 54 9 . . . 39142 55 1 STARS star NNS 39142 55 2 AND and CC 39142 55 3 THEIR their NN 39142 55 4 SPECTRAL SPECTRAL VBN 39142 55 5 TYPE type NN 39142 55 6 307 307 CD 39142 55 7 XLVIII XLVIII NNP 39142 55 8 . . . 39142 56 1 STAR STAR NNP 39142 56 2 DISTANCES DISTANCES NNP 39142 56 3 311 311 CD 39142 56 4 XLIX XLIX NNS 39142 56 5 . . . 39142 57 1 THE the DT 39142 57 2 NEAREST NEAREST NNP 39142 57 3 STARS star NNS 39142 57 4 319 319 CD 39142 57 5 L. L. NNP 39142 57 6 ACTUAL ACTUAL NNP 39142 57 7 DIMENSIONS dimensions NN 39142 57 8 OF of IN 39142 57 9 THE the DT 39142 57 10 STARS STARS NNP 39142 57 11 321 321 CD 39142 57 12 LI li NN 39142 57 13 . . . 39142 58 1 THE the DT 39142 58 2 VARIABLE VARIABLE NNP 39142 58 3 STARS STARS NNP 39142 58 4 324 324 CD 39142 58 5 LII lii NN 39142 58 6 . . . 39142 59 1 THE the DT 39142 59 2 NOVÆ NOVÆ NNP 39142 59 3 , , , 39142 59 4 OR or CC 39142 59 5 NEW NEW NNP 39142 59 6 STARS star NNS 39142 59 7 331 331 CD 39142 59 8 LIII liii NN 39142 59 9 . . . 39142 60 1 THE the DT 39142 60 2 DOUBLE DOUBLE NNP 39142 60 3 STARS star VBZ 39142 60 4 334 334 CD 39142 60 5 LIV liv NN 39142 60 6 . . . 39142 61 1 THE the DT 39142 61 2 STAR STAR NNP 39142 61 3 CLUSTERS CLUSTERS NNP 39142 61 4 336 336 CD 39142 61 5 LV LV NNP 39142 61 6 . . . 39142 62 1 MOVING MOVING NNP 39142 62 2 CLUSTERS CLUSTERS NNP 39142 62 3 341 341 CD 39142 62 4 LVI lvi NN 39142 62 5 . . . 39142 63 1 THE the DT 39142 63 2 TWO two CD 39142 63 3 STAR STAR NNP 39142 63 4 STREAMS streams VBP 39142 63 5 345 345 CD 39142 63 6 LVII lvii NN 39142 63 7 . . . 39142 64 1 THE the DT 39142 64 2 GALAXY GALAXY NNP 39142 64 3 OR OR NNP 39142 64 4 MILKY MILKY NNP 39142 64 5 WAY WAY NNP 39142 64 6 350 350 CD 39142 64 7 LVIII LVIII NNP 39142 64 8 . . . 39142 65 1 STAR STAR NNP 39142 65 2 CLOUDS CLOUDS NNP 39142 65 3 AND and CC 39142 65 4 NEBULÆ NEBULÆ NNP 39142 65 5 357 357 CD 39142 65 6 LIX LIX NNP 39142 65 7 . . . 39142 66 1 THE the DT 39142 66 2 SPIRAL SPIRAL NNP 39142 66 3 NEBULÆ NEBULÆ NNP 39142 66 4 361 361 CD 39142 66 5 LX LX NNP 39142 66 6 . . . 39142 67 1 COSMOGONY COSMOGONY NNP 39142 67 2 366 366 CD 39142 67 3 LXI LXI NNP 39142 67 4 . . . 39142 68 1 COSMOGONY COSMOGONY NNP 39142 68 2 IN in IN 39142 68 3 TRANSITION TRANSITION NNP 39142 68 4 380 380 CD 39142 68 5 LIST list NN 39142 68 6 OF of IN 39142 68 7 ILLUSTRATIONS illustrations JJ 39142 68 8 ACTIVE active NN 39142 68 9 PROMINENCE prominence NN 39142 68 10 OF of IN 39142 68 11 THE the DT 39142 68 12 SUN SUN NNP 39142 68 13 , , , 39142 68 14 140,000 140,000 CD 39142 68 15 MILES MILES NNP 39142 68 16 HIGH HIGH NNP 39142 68 17 _ _ NNP 39142 68 18 Frontispiece Frontispiece NNP 39142 68 19 _ _ NNP 39142 68 20 FACING FACING NNP 39142 68 21 PAGE PAGE NNP 39142 68 22 NICHOLAS NICHOLAS NNP 39142 68 23 COPERNICUS COPERNICUS NNP 39142 68 24 64 64 CD 39142 68 25 GALILEO galileo NN 39142 68 26 GALILEI galilei NN 39142 68 27 64 64 CD 39142 68 28 JOHANN JOHANN NNP 39142 68 29 KEPLER KEPLER NNP 39142 68 30 65 65 CD 39142 68 31 SIR SIR NNP 39142 68 32 ISAAC ISAAC NNP 39142 68 33 NEWTON NEWTON NNP 39142 68 34 65 65 CD 39142 68 35 THE the DT 39142 68 36 HUNDRED HUNDRED NNP 39142 68 37 - - HYPH 39142 68 38 INCH INCH NNP 39142 68 39 REFLECTING reflect VBG 39142 68 40 TELESCOPE telescope NN 39142 68 41 AT at IN 39142 68 42 MOUNT mount NN 39142 68 43 WILSON wilson NN 39142 68 44 96 96 CD 39142 68 45 THE the DT 39142 68 46 FORTY FORTY NNP 39142 68 47 - - HYPH 39142 68 48 INCH INCH NNP 39142 68 49 REFRACTING refracting NN 39142 68 50 TELESCOPE telescope NN 39142 68 51 , , , 39142 68 52 YERKES YERKES NNP 39142 68 53 OBSERVATORY observatory RB 39142 68 54 96 96 CD 39142 68 55 150-FOOT 150-foot CD 39142 68 56 TOWER TOWER NNS 39142 68 57 , , , 39142 68 58 MOUNT mount NN 39142 68 59 WILSON WILSON NNP 39142 68 60 , , , 39142 68 61 A a DT 39142 68 62 DIAGRAM diagram NN 39142 68 63 OF of IN 39142 68 64 TOWER TOWER NNP 39142 68 65 AND and CC 39142 68 66 PIT PIT NNP 39142 68 67 97 97 CD 39142 68 68 150-FOOT 150-foot CD 39142 68 69 TOWER TOWER NNS 39142 68 70 -- -- : 39142 68 71 EXTERIOR EXTERIOR NNP 39142 68 72 VIEW VIEW NNP 39142 68 73 97 97 CD 39142 68 74 VIEW view NN 39142 68 75 LOOKING look VBG 39142 68 76 DOWN down IN 39142 68 77 INTO into VBP 39142 68 78 THE the DT 39142 68 79 PIT PIT NNP 39142 68 80 BENEATH BENEATH NNP 39142 68 81 150-FOOT 150-foot CD 39142 68 82 TOWER TOWER NNS 39142 68 83 97 97 CD 39142 68 84 MOUNT mount NN 39142 68 85 WILSON WILSON NNP 39142 68 86 SOLAR solar NN 39142 68 87 OBSERVATORY OBSERVATORY NNP 39142 68 88 -- -- : 39142 68 89 THE the DT 39142 68 90 100-FOOT 100-foot CD 39142 68 91 DOME dome NN 39142 68 92 128 128 CD 39142 68 93 MOUNT MOUNT NNP 39142 68 94 CHIMBORAZO CHIMBORAZO NNS 39142 68 95 , , , 39142 68 96 THE the DT 39142 68 97 BEST best NN 39142 68 98 SITE SITE NNS 39142 68 99 IN in IN 39142 68 100 THE the DT 39142 68 101 WORLD WORLD NNP 39142 68 102 FOR for IN 39142 68 103 AN an DT 39142 68 104 OBSERVATORY OBSERVATORY NNP 39142 68 105 128 128 CD 39142 68 106 LICK LICK NNPS 39142 68 107 OBSERVATORY OBSERVATORY NNP 39142 68 108 , , , 39142 68 109 MOUNT MOUNT NNP 39142 68 110 HAMILTON HAMILTON NNP 39142 68 111 , , , 39142 68 112 CALIFORNIA CALIFORNIA NNP 39142 68 113 129 129 CD 39142 68 114 PHOTOGRAPHING photographing NN 39142 68 115 WITH with IN 39142 68 116 THE the DT 39142 68 117 40-INCH 40-inch CD 39142 68 118 REFRACTOR REFRACTOR NNP 39142 68 119 129 129 CD 39142 68 120 GREAT GREAT NNP 39142 68 121 SUNSPOT SUNSPOT NNP 39142 68 122 GROUP GROUP NNP 39142 68 123 OF of IN 39142 68 124 AUGUST AUGUST NNP 39142 68 125 8 8 CD 39142 68 126 , , , 39142 68 127 1917 1917 CD 39142 68 128 160 160 CD 39142 68 129 CALCIUM CALCIUM NNP 39142 68 130 FLOCCULI flocculus NNS 39142 68 131 ON on IN 39142 68 132 THE the DT 39142 68 133 SUN SUN NNP 39142 68 134 161 161 CD 39142 68 135 ECLIPSE ECLIPSE NNS 39142 68 136 OF of IN 39142 68 137 THE the DT 39142 68 138 MOON MOON NNP 39142 68 139 , , , 39142 68 140 WITH with IN 39142 68 141 THE the DT 39142 68 142 LUNAR LUNAR NNP 39142 68 143 SURFACE surface NN 39142 68 144 VISIBLE visible VBP 39142 68 145 161 161 CD 39142 68 146 MOON MOON NNP 39142 68 147 'S 's NN 39142 68 148 SURFACE surface NN 39142 68 149 IN in IN 39142 68 150 THE the DT 39142 68 151 REGION region NN 39142 68 152 OF of IN 39142 68 153 COPERNICUS COPERNICUS NNP 39142 68 154 192 192 CD 39142 68 155 SOUTH south JJ 39142 68 156 CENTRAL central JJ 39142 68 157 PORTION portion NN 39142 68 158 OF of IN 39142 68 159 THE the DT 39142 68 160 MOON MOON NNP 39142 68 161 , , , 39142 68 162 AT AT NNP 39142 68 163 LAST LAST NNP 39142 68 164 QUARTER quarter NN 39142 68 165 193 193 CD 39142 68 166 CORONA corona NN 39142 68 167 OF of IN 39142 68 168 THE the DT 39142 68 169 SUN SUN NNP 39142 68 170 DURING during IN 39142 68 171 AN an NN 39142 68 172 ECLIPSE ECLIPSE NNP 39142 68 173 224 224 CD 39142 68 174 VENUS venus NN 39142 68 175 , , , 39142 68 176 IN in IN 39142 68 177 THE the DT 39142 68 178 CRESCENT CRESCENT NNP 39142 68 179 PHASE phase NN 39142 68 180 225 225 CD 39142 68 181 MARS MARS NNP 39142 68 182 , , , 39142 68 183 SHOWING show VBG 39142 68 184 BRIGHT BRIGHT NNP 39142 68 185 POLAR POLAR VBD 39142 68 186 CAP CAP NNP 39142 68 187 225 225 CD 39142 68 188 JUPITER JUPITER NNP 39142 68 189 , , , 39142 68 190 THE the DT 39142 68 191 GIANT GIANT NNP 39142 68 192 PLANET PLANET NNP 39142 68 193 256 256 CD 39142 68 194 NEPTUNE NEPTUNE NNS 39142 68 195 AND and CC 39142 68 196 ITS its PRP$ 39142 68 197 SATELLITES SATELLITES NNP 39142 68 198 256 256 CD 39142 68 199 SATURN SATURN NNP 39142 68 200 , , , 39142 68 201 WITH with IN 39142 68 202 EDGE edge NN 39142 68 203 OF of IN 39142 68 204 RINGS ring NNS 39142 68 205 ONLY only RB 39142 68 206 IN in IN 39142 68 207 VIEW VIEW NNP 39142 68 208 257 257 CD 39142 68 209 SATURN SATURN NNP 39142 68 210 , , , 39142 68 211 WITH with IN 39142 68 212 RINGS ring NNS 39142 68 213 DISPLAYED displayed VBP 39142 68 214 TO to IN 39142 68 215 FULLEST fullest NN 39142 68 216 EXTENT extent NN 39142 68 217 257 257 CD 39142 68 218 TWO two CD 39142 68 219 VIEWS view NNS 39142 68 220 OF of IN 39142 68 221 HALLEY HALLEY NNP 39142 68 222 'S 'S NNP 39142 68 223 COMET COMET NNP 39142 68 224 288 288 CD 39142 68 225 SWIFT SWIFT NNS 39142 68 226 'S 's POS 39142 68 227 COMET COMET NNS 39142 68 228 , , , 39142 68 229 WHICH which WDT 39142 68 230 SHOWED showed RB 39142 68 231 REMARKABLE REMARKABLE NNP 39142 68 232 TRANSFORMATIONS TRANSFORMATIONS NNP 39142 68 233 288 288 CD 39142 68 234 METEOR METEOR NNP 39142 68 235 TRAIL trail NN 39142 68 236 IN in IN 39142 68 237 FIELD field NN 39142 68 238 WITH with IN 39142 68 239 FINE fine JJ 39142 68 240 NEBULÆ nebulæ NN 39142 68 241 289 289 CD 39142 68 242 RING ring NN 39142 68 243 NEBULA NEBULA NNP 39142 68 244 IN in IN 39142 68 245 LYRA lyra NN 39142 68 246 320 320 CD 39142 68 247 DUMB DUMB NNP 39142 68 248 - - HYPH 39142 68 249 BELL BELL NNP 39142 68 250 NEBULA NEBULA NNP 39142 68 251 321 321 CD 39142 68 252 STAR STAR NNP 39142 68 253 CLOUDS cloud NNS 39142 68 254 AND and CC 39142 68 255 BLACK BLACK NNP 39142 68 256 HOLES HOLES NNP 39142 68 257 IN in IN 39142 68 258 SAGITTARIUS SAGITTARIUS NNP 39142 68 259 352 352 CD 39142 68 260 GREAT great JJ 39142 68 261 NEBULA NEBULA NNP 39142 68 262 IN in IN 39142 68 263 ANDROMEDA ANDROMEDA NNP 39142 68 264 353 353 CD 39142 68 265 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 68 266 I -PRON- PRP 39142 68 267 ASTRONOMY astronomy VBP 39142 68 268 A a DT 39142 68 269 LIVING live VBG 39142 68 270 SCIENCE science NN 39142 68 271 Like like IN 39142 68 272 life life NN 39142 68 273 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 68 274 we -PRON- PRP 39142 68 275 do do VBP 39142 68 276 not not RB 39142 68 277 know know VB 39142 68 278 when when WRB 39142 68 279 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 68 280 began begin VBD 39142 68 281 ; ; : 39142 68 282 we -PRON- PRP 39142 68 283 can can MD 39142 68 284 not not RB 39142 68 285 conceive conceive VB 39142 68 286 a a DT 39142 68 287 time time NN 39142 68 288 when when WRB 39142 68 289 it -PRON- PRP 39142 68 290 was be VBD 39142 68 291 not not RB 39142 68 292 . . . 39142 69 1 Man man NN 39142 69 2 of of IN 39142 69 3 the the DT 39142 69 4 early early JJ 39142 69 5 stone stone NN 39142 69 6 age age NN 39142 69 7 must must MD 39142 69 8 have have VB 39142 69 9 begun begin VBN 39142 69 10 to to TO 39142 69 11 observe observe VB 39142 69 12 sun sun NN 39142 69 13 , , , 39142 69 14 moon moon NN 39142 69 15 , , , 39142 69 16 and and CC 39142 69 17 stars star NNS 39142 69 18 , , , 39142 69 19 because because IN 39142 69 20 all all PDT 39142 69 21 the the DT 39142 69 22 bodies body NNS 39142 69 23 of of IN 39142 69 24 the the DT 39142 69 25 cosmos cosmo NNS 39142 69 26 were be VBD 39142 69 27 there there RB 39142 69 28 , , , 39142 69 29 then then RB 39142 69 30 as as IN 39142 69 31 now now RB 39142 69 32 . . . 39142 70 1 With with IN 39142 70 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 70 3 intellectual intellectual JJ 39142 70 4 birth birth NN 39142 70 5 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 70 6 was be VBD 39142 70 7 born bear VBN 39142 70 8 . . . 39142 71 1 Onward onward RB 39142 71 2 through through IN 39142 71 3 the the DT 39142 71 4 childhood childhood NN 39142 71 5 of of IN 39142 71 6 the the DT 39142 71 7 race race NN 39142 71 8 he -PRON- PRP 39142 71 9 began begin VBD 39142 71 10 to to TO 39142 71 11 think think VB 39142 71 12 on on IN 39142 71 13 the the DT 39142 71 14 things thing NNS 39142 71 15 he -PRON- PRP 39142 71 16 observed observe VBD 39142 71 17 , , , 39142 71 18 to to TO 39142 71 19 make make VB 39142 71 20 crude crude JJ 39142 71 21 records record NNS 39142 71 22 of of IN 39142 71 23 times time NNS 39142 71 24 and and CC 39142 71 25 seasons season NNS 39142 71 26 ; ; : 39142 71 27 the the DT 39142 71 28 Chaldeans Chaldeans NNPS 39142 71 29 and and CC 39142 71 30 Chinese Chinese NNPS 39142 71 31 began begin VBD 39142 71 32 each each DT 39142 71 33 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 71 34 own own JJ 39142 71 35 system system NN 39142 71 36 of of IN 39142 71 37 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 71 38 , , , 39142 71 39 the the DT 39142 71 40 causes cause NNS 39142 71 41 of of IN 39142 71 42 things thing NNS 39142 71 43 and and CC 39142 71 44 the the DT 39142 71 45 reasons reason NNS 39142 71 46 underlying underlying JJ 39142 71 47 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 71 48 began begin VBD 39142 71 49 to to TO 39142 71 50 attract attract VB 39142 71 51 attention attention NN 39142 71 52 , , , 39142 71 53 and and CC 39142 71 54 astronomy astronomy NNP 39142 71 55 was be VBD 39142 71 56 cultivated cultivate VBN 39142 71 57 not not RB 39142 71 58 for for IN 39142 71 59 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 71 60 own own JJ 39142 71 61 sake sake NN 39142 71 62 , , , 39142 71 63 but but CC 39142 71 64 because because IN 39142 71 65 of of IN 39142 71 66 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 71 67 practical practical JJ 39142 71 68 utility utility NN 39142 71 69 in in IN 39142 71 70 supplying supply VBG 39142 71 71 the the DT 39142 71 72 data datum NNS 39142 71 73 necessary necessary JJ 39142 71 74 to to TO 39142 71 75 accurate accurate JJ 39142 71 76 astrological astrological JJ 39142 71 77 prediction prediction NN 39142 71 78 . . . 39142 72 1 Belief belief NN 39142 72 2 in in IN 39142 72 3 astrology astrology NN 39142 72 4 was be VBD 39142 72 5 universal universal JJ 39142 72 6 . . . 39142 73 1 The the DT 39142 73 2 earth earth NN 39142 73 3 set set VBN 39142 73 4 in in IN 39142 73 5 the the DT 39142 73 6 midst midst NN 39142 73 7 of of IN 39142 73 8 the the DT 39142 73 9 wonders wonder NNS 39142 73 10 of of IN 39142 73 11 the the DT 39142 73 12 sky sky NN 39142 73 13 was be VBD 39142 73 14 the the DT 39142 73 15 reason reason NN 39142 73 16 for for IN 39142 73 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 73 18 all all DT 39142 73 19 . . . 39142 74 1 Clearly clearly RB 39142 74 2 the the DT 39142 74 3 earth earth NN 39142 74 4 was be VBD 39142 74 5 created create VBN 39142 74 6 for for IN 39142 74 7 humanity humanity NN 39142 74 8 ; ; : 39142 74 9 so so CC 39142 74 10 , , , 39142 74 11 too too RB 39142 74 12 , , , 39142 74 13 the the DT 39142 74 14 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 74 15 were be VBD 39142 74 16 created create VBN 39142 74 17 for for IN 39142 74 18 the the DT 39142 74 19 edification edification NN 39142 74 20 of of IN 39142 74 21 the the DT 39142 74 22 race race NN 39142 74 23 . . . 39142 75 1 All all DT 39142 75 2 was be VBD 39142 75 3 subservient subservient VBN 39142 75 4 to to IN 39142 75 5 man man NN 39142 75 6 ; ; : 39142 75 7 naturally naturally RB 39142 75 8 all all DT 39142 75 9 was be VBD 39142 75 10 geocentric geocentric JJ 39142 75 11 , , , 39142 75 12 or or CC 39142 75 13 earth earth NN 39142 75 14 - - HYPH 39142 75 15 centered center VBN 39142 75 16 . . . 39142 76 1 From from IN 39142 76 2 the the DT 39142 76 3 savage savage NN 39142 76 4 who who WP 39142 76 5 could could MD 39142 76 6 count count VB 39142 76 7 only only RB 39142 76 8 to to IN 39142 76 9 five five CD 39142 76 10 , , , 39142 76 11 the the DT 39142 76 12 digits digit NNS 39142 76 13 of of IN 39142 76 14 one one CD 39142 76 15 hand hand NN 39142 76 16 , , , 39142 76 17 civilized civilized JJ 39142 76 18 man man NN 39142 76 19 very very RB 39142 76 20 slowly slowly RB 39142 76 21 began begin VBD 39142 76 22 to to TO 39142 76 23 evolve evolve VB 39142 76 24 ; ; : 39142 76 25 he -PRON- PRP 39142 76 26 noted note VBD 39142 76 27 the the DT 39142 76 28 progress progress NN 39142 76 29 of of IN 39142 76 30 the the DT 39142 76 31 seasons season NNS 39142 76 32 ; ; , 39142 76 33 the the DT 39142 76 34 old old JJ 39142 76 35 records record NNS 39142 76 36 of of IN 39142 76 37 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 76 38 showed show VBD 39142 76 39 Thales Thales NNP 39142 76 40 , , , 39142 76 41 an an DT 39142 76 42 early early JJ 39142 76 43 Greek Greek NNP 39142 76 44 , , , 39142 76 45 how how WRB 39142 76 46 to to TO 39142 76 47 predict predict VB 39142 76 48 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 76 49 happenings happening NNS 39142 76 50 , , , 39142 76 51 and and CC 39142 76 52 true true JJ 39142 76 53 science science NN 39142 76 54 had have VBD 39142 76 55 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 76 56 birth birth NN 39142 76 57 when when WRB 39142 76 58 man man NN 39142 76 59 acquired acquire VBD 39142 76 60 the the DT 39142 76 61 power power NN 39142 76 62 to to TO 39142 76 63 make make VB 39142 76 64 forecasts forecast NNS 39142 76 65 that that WDT 39142 76 66 always always RB 39142 76 67 came come VBD 39142 76 68 true true JJ 39142 76 69 . . . 39142 77 1 Few few JJ 39142 77 2 ancient ancient JJ 39142 77 3 philosophers philosopher NNS 39142 77 4 were be VBD 39142 77 5 greater great JJR 39142 77 6 than than IN 39142 77 7 Pythagoras Pythagoras NNP 39142 77 8 , , , 39142 77 9 and and CC 39142 77 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 77 11 conceptions conception NNS 39142 77 12 of of IN 39142 77 13 the the DT 39142 77 14 order order NN 39142 77 15 of of IN 39142 77 16 the the DT 39142 77 17 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 77 18 and and CC 39142 77 19 the the DT 39142 77 20 shape shape NN 39142 77 21 and and CC 39142 77 22 motion motion NN 39142 77 23 of of IN 39142 77 24 the the DT 39142 77 25 earth earth NN 39142 77 26 were be VBD 39142 77 27 so so RB 39142 77 28 near near IN 39142 77 29 the the DT 39142 77 30 truth truth NN 39142 77 31 that that WDT 39142 77 32 we -PRON- PRP 39142 77 33 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 77 34 wonder wonder VBP 39142 77 35 how how WRB 39142 77 36 they -PRON- PRP 39142 77 37 could could MD 39142 77 38 have have VB 39142 77 39 been be VBN 39142 77 40 rejected reject VBN 39142 77 41 for for IN 39142 77 42 twenty twenty CD 39142 77 43 centuries century NNS 39142 77 44 . . . 39142 78 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 78 2 must must MD 39142 78 3 remember remember VB 39142 78 4 , , , 39142 78 5 however however RB 39142 78 6 , , , 39142 78 7 that that DT 39142 78 8 man man NN 39142 78 9 had have VBD 39142 78 10 not not RB 39142 78 11 yet yet RB 39142 78 12 learned learn VBN 39142 78 13 the the DT 39142 78 14 art art NN 39142 78 15 of of IN 39142 78 16 measuring measure VBG 39142 78 17 things thing NNS 39142 78 18 , , , 39142 78 19 and and CC 39142 78 20 the the DT 39142 78 21 world world NN 39142 78 22 could could MD 39142 78 23 not not RB 39142 78 24 be be VB 39142 78 25 brought bring VBN 39142 78 26 into into IN 39142 78 27 subjection subjection NN 39142 78 28 to to IN 39142 78 29 him -PRON- PRP 39142 78 30 until until IN 39142 78 31 he -PRON- PRP 39142 78 32 had have VBD 39142 78 33 . . . 39142 79 1 To to TO 39142 79 2 measure measure VB 39142 79 3 he -PRON- PRP 39142 79 4 must must MD 39142 79 5 have have VB 39142 79 6 tools tool NNS 39142 79 7 -- -- : 39142 79 8 instruments instrument NNS 39142 79 9 ; ; : 39142 79 10 to to TO 39142 79 11 have have VB 39142 79 12 instruments instrument NNS 39142 79 13 he -PRON- PRP 39142 79 14 must must MD 39142 79 15 learn learn VB 39142 79 16 the the DT 39142 79 17 art art NN 39142 79 18 of of IN 39142 79 19 working work VBG 39142 79 20 in in IN 39142 79 21 metals metal NNS 39142 79 22 , , , 39142 79 23 and and CC 39142 79 24 all all PDT 39142 79 25 this this DT 39142 79 26 took take VBD 39142 79 27 time time NN 39142 79 28 ; ; : 39142 79 29 it -PRON- PRP 39142 79 30 was be VBD 39142 79 31 a a DT 39142 79 32 slow slow JJ 39142 79 33 and and CC 39142 79 34 in in IN 39142 79 35 large large JJ 39142 79 36 part part NN 39142 79 37 imperceptible imperceptible JJ 39142 79 38 process process NN 39142 79 39 ; ; : 39142 79 40 it -PRON- PRP 39142 79 41 is be VBZ 39142 79 42 not not RB 39142 79 43 yet yet RB 39142 79 44 finished finish VBN 39142 79 45 . . . 39142 80 1 The the DT 39142 80 2 earliest early JJS 39142 80 3 really really RB 39142 80 4 sturdy sturdy JJ 39142 80 5 manifestation manifestation NN 39142 80 6 of of IN 39142 80 7 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 80 8 life life NN 39142 80 9 came come VBD 39142 80 10 with with IN 39142 80 11 the the DT 39142 80 12 birth birth NN 39142 80 13 of of IN 39142 80 14 Greek greek JJ 39142 80 15 science science NN 39142 80 16 , , , 39142 80 17 culminating culminate VBG 39142 80 18 with with IN 39142 80 19 Aristarchus Aristarchus NNP 39142 80 20 , , , 39142 80 21 Hipparchus Hipparchus NNP 39142 80 22 and and CC 39142 80 23 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 80 24 . . . 39142 81 1 The the DT 39142 81 2 last last JJ 39142 81 3 of of IN 39142 81 4 these these DT 39142 81 5 great great JJ 39142 81 6 philosophers philosopher NNS 39142 81 7 , , , 39142 81 8 realizing realize VBG 39142 81 9 that that IN 39142 81 10 only only RB 39142 81 11 the the DT 39142 81 12 art art NN 39142 81 13 of of IN 39142 81 14 writing write VBG 39142 81 15 prevents prevent NNS 39142 81 16 man man NN 39142 81 17 's 's POS 39142 81 18 knowledge knowledge NN 39142 81 19 from from IN 39142 81 20 perishing perish VBG 39142 81 21 with with IN 39142 81 22 him -PRON- PRP 39142 81 23 , , , 39142 81 24 set set VBN 39142 81 25 down down RP 39142 81 26 all all PDT 39142 81 27 the the DT 39142 81 28 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 81 29 knowledge knowledge NN 39142 81 30 of of IN 39142 81 31 that that DT 39142 81 32 day day NN 39142 81 33 in in IN 39142 81 34 one one CD 39142 81 35 of of IN 39142 81 36 the the DT 39142 81 37 three three CD 39142 81 38 greatest great JJS 39142 81 39 books book NNS 39142 81 40 on on IN 39142 81 41 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 81 42 ever ever RB 39142 81 43 written write VBN 39142 81 44 , , , 39142 81 45 the the DT 39142 81 46 Almagest Almagest NNP 39142 81 47 , , , 39142 81 48 a a DT 39142 81 49 name name NN 39142 81 50 for for IN 39142 81 51 it -PRON- PRP 39142 81 52 derived derive VBD 39142 81 53 through through IN 39142 81 54 the the DT 39142 81 55 Arabic Arabic NNP 39142 81 56 , , , 39142 81 57 and and CC 39142 81 58 really really RB 39142 81 59 meaning mean VBG 39142 81 60 " " `` 39142 81 61 the the DT 39142 81 62 greatest great JJS 39142 81 63 . . . 39142 81 64 " " '' 39142 82 1 The the DT 39142 82 2 system system NN 39142 82 3 of of IN 39142 82 4 earth earth NN 39142 82 5 and and CC 39142 82 6 heaven heaven NNP 39142 82 7 seemed seem VBD 39142 82 8 as as IN 39142 82 9 if if IN 39142 82 10 finished finish VBN 39142 82 11 , , , 39142 82 12 and and CC 39142 82 13 the the DT 39142 82 14 authority authority NN 39142 82 15 of of IN 39142 82 16 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 82 17 and and CC 39142 82 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 82 19 Almagest Almagest NNP 39142 82 20 were be VBD 39142 82 21 as as IN 39142 82 22 Holy Holy NNP 39142 82 23 Writ Writ NNP 39142 82 24 for for IN 39142 82 25 the the DT 39142 82 26 unfortunate unfortunate JJ 39142 82 27 centuries century NNS 39142 82 28 that that WDT 39142 82 29 followed follow VBD 39142 82 30 him -PRON- PRP 39142 82 31 . . . 39142 83 1 With with IN 39142 83 2 fatal fatal JJ 39142 83 3 persistence persistence NN 39142 83 4 the the DT 39142 83 5 fundamental fundamental JJ 39142 83 6 error error NN 39142 83 7 of of IN 39142 83 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 83 9 system system NN 39142 83 10 delayed delay VBD 39142 83 11 the the DT 39142 83 12 evolutionary evolutionary JJ 39142 83 13 life life NN 39142 83 14 of of IN 39142 83 15 the the DT 39142 83 16 science science NN 39142 83 17 through through IN 39142 83 18 all all PDT 39142 83 19 that that DT 39142 83 20 period period NN 39142 83 21 . . . 39142 84 1 But but CC 39142 84 2 man man NN 39142 84 3 had have VBD 39142 84 4 begun begin VBN 39142 84 5 to to TO 39142 84 6 measure measure VB 39142 84 7 . . . 39142 85 1 Geometry Geometry NNP 39142 85 2 had have VBD 39142 85 3 been be VBN 39142 85 4 born bear VBN 39142 85 5 and and CC 39142 85 6 Eratosthenes Eratosthenes NNPS 39142 85 7 had have VBD 39142 85 8 indeed indeed RB 39142 85 9 measured measure VBN 39142 85 10 the the DT 39142 85 11 size size NN 39142 85 12 of of IN 39142 85 13 the the DT 39142 85 14 earth earth NN 39142 85 15 . . . 39142 86 1 Tools tool NNS 39142 86 2 in in IN 39142 86 3 bronze bronze NN 39142 86 4 and and CC 39142 86 5 iron iron NN 39142 86 6 were be VBD 39142 86 7 fashioned fashion VBN 39142 86 8 closely closely RB 39142 86 9 after after IN 39142 86 10 the the DT 39142 86 11 models model NNS 39142 86 12 of of IN 39142 86 13 tools tool NNS 39142 86 14 of of IN 39142 86 15 stone stone NN 39142 86 16 ; ; : 39142 86 17 astrolabes astrolabe NNS 39142 86 18 and and CC 39142 86 19 armillary armillary JJ 39142 86 20 spheres sphere NNS 39142 86 21 were be VBD 39142 86 22 first first RB 39142 86 23 built build VBN 39142 86 24 on on IN 39142 86 25 geometric geometric JJ 39142 86 26 spheres sphere NNS 39142 86 27 and and CC 39142 86 28 circles circle NNS 39142 86 29 ; ; : 39142 86 30 and and CC 39142 86 31 science science NN 39142 86 32 was be VBD 39142 86 33 then then RB 39142 86 34 laid lay VBN 39142 86 35 away away RB 39142 86 36 for for IN 39142 86 37 the the DT 39142 86 38 slumber slumber NN 39142 86 39 of of IN 39142 86 40 the the DT 39142 86 41 Dark Dark NNP 39142 86 42 Ages Ages NNPS 39142 86 43 . . . 39142 87 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 87 2 , , , 39142 87 3 through through IN 39142 87 4 all all PDT 39142 87 5 this this DT 39142 87 6 dreary dreary JJ 39142 87 7 period period NN 39142 87 8 the the DT 39142 87 9 life life NN 39142 87 10 of of IN 39142 87 11 the the DT 39142 87 12 youthful youthful JJ 39142 87 13 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 87 14 giant giant NN 39142 87 15 was be VBD 39142 87 16 maintained maintain VBN 39142 87 17 . . . 39142 88 1 Time Time NNP 39142 88 2 went go VBD 39142 88 3 on on RP 39142 88 4 , , , 39142 88 5 the the DT 39142 88 6 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 88 7 revolved revolve VBD 39142 88 8 ; ; : 39142 88 9 sun sun NN 39142 88 10 , , , 39142 88 11 moon moon NN 39142 88 12 , , , 39142 88 13 and and CC 39142 88 14 stars star NNS 39142 88 15 kept keep VBD 39142 88 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 88 17 appointed appoint VBN 39142 88 18 places place NNS 39142 88 19 , , , 39142 88 20 and and CC 39142 88 21 Arab Arab NNP 39142 88 22 and and CC 39142 88 23 Moor Moor NNP 39142 88 24 and and CC 39142 88 25 the the DT 39142 88 26 savage savage NN 39142 88 27 monarchs monarchs NN 39142 88 28 of of IN 39142 88 29 the the DT 39142 88 30 East East NNP 39142 88 31 were be VBD 39142 88 32 there there RB 39142 88 33 to to TO 39142 88 34 observe observe VB 39142 88 35 and and CC 39142 88 36 record record VB 39142 88 37 , , , 39142 88 38 even even RB 39142 88 39 if if IN 39142 88 40 the the DT 39142 88 41 world world NN 39142 88 42 - - HYPH 39142 88 43 mind mind NN 39142 88 44 was be VBD 39142 88 45 lying lie VBG 39142 88 46 fallow fallow JJ 39142 88 47 , , , 39142 88 48 and and CC 39142 88 49 no no DT 39142 88 50 genius genius NN 39142 88 51 had have VBD 39142 88 52 been be VBN 39142 88 53 born bear VBN 39142 88 54 to to TO 39142 88 55 inspire inspire VB 39142 88 56 anew anew JJ 39142 88 57 that that DT 39142 88 58 direction direction NN 39142 88 59 of of IN 39142 88 60 human human JJ 39142 88 61 intellect intellect NN 39142 88 62 on on IN 39142 88 63 which which WDT 39142 88 64 the the DT 39142 88 65 later later JJ 39142 88 66 growth growth NN 39142 88 67 of of IN 39142 88 68 science science NN 39142 88 69 and and CC 39142 88 70 civilization civilization NN 39142 88 71 depends depend VBZ 39142 88 72 . . . 39142 89 1 With with IN 39142 89 2 the the DT 39142 89 3 growth growth NN 39142 89 4 of of IN 39142 89 5 the the DT 39142 89 6 collective collective JJ 39142 89 7 mind mind NN 39142 89 8 of of IN 39142 89 9 mankind mankind NN 39142 89 10 , , , 39142 89 11 from from IN 39142 89 12 generation generation NN 39142 89 13 to to IN 39142 89 14 generation generation NN 39142 89 15 , , , 39142 89 16 we -PRON- PRP 39142 89 17 note note VBP 39142 89 18 that that IN 39142 89 19 ordered order VBN 39142 89 20 sequence sequence NN 39142 89 21 of of IN 39142 89 22 events event NNS 39142 89 23 which which WDT 39142 89 24 characterizes characterize VBZ 39142 89 25 the the DT 39142 89 26 development development NN 39142 89 27 of of IN 39142 89 28 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 89 29 from from IN 39142 89 30 earliest early JJS 39142 89 31 peoples people NNS 39142 89 32 down down RP 39142 89 33 to to IN 39142 89 34 the the DT 39142 89 35 age age NN 39142 89 36 of of IN 39142 89 37 Newton Newton NNP 39142 89 38 , , , 39142 89 39 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 89 40 , , , 39142 89 41 and and CC 39142 89 42 the the DT 39142 89 43 present present NN 39142 89 44 . . . 39142 90 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 90 2 is be VBZ 39142 90 3 the the DT 39142 90 4 unfolding unfolding NN 39142 90 5 of of IN 39142 90 6 a a DT 39142 90 7 story story NN 39142 90 8 as as IN 39142 90 9 if if IN 39142 90 10 with with IN 39142 90 11 a a DT 39142 90 12 definite definite JJ 39142 90 13 plot plot NN 39142 90 14 from from IN 39142 90 15 the the DT 39142 90 16 beginning beginning NN 39142 90 17 . . . 39142 91 1 Leaving leave VBG 39142 91 2 to to IN 39142 91 3 philosophical philosophical JJ 39142 91 4 writers writer NNS 39142 91 5 the the DT 39142 91 6 great great JJ 39142 91 7 fundamental fundamental JJ 39142 91 8 reason reason NN 39142 91 9 underlying underlie VBG 39142 91 10 the the DT 39142 91 11 intellectual intellectual JJ 39142 91 12 lethargy lethargy NN 39142 91 13 of of IN 39142 91 14 the the DT 39142 91 15 Dark Dark NNP 39142 91 16 Ages Ages NNPS 39142 91 17 , , , 39142 91 18 we -PRON- PRP 39142 91 19 only only RB 39142 91 20 note note VBP 39142 91 21 that that IN 39142 91 22 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 91 23 and and CC 39142 91 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 91 25 development development NN 39142 91 26 suffered suffer VBD 39142 91 27 with with IN 39142 91 28 every every DT 39142 91 29 other other JJ 39142 91 30 department department NN 39142 91 31 of of IN 39142 91 32 human human JJ 39142 91 33 activity activity NN 39142 91 34 that that WDT 39142 91 35 concerned concern VBD 39142 91 36 the the DT 39142 91 37 intellectual intellectual JJ 39142 91 38 progress progress NN 39142 91 39 of of IN 39142 91 40 the the DT 39142 91 41 race race NN 39142 91 42 . . . 39142 92 1 To to IN 39142 92 2 knowledge knowledge NN 39142 92 3 of of IN 39142 92 4 every every DT 39142 92 5 sort sort NN 39142 92 6 the the DT 39142 92 7 medieval medieval JJ 39142 92 8 spirit spirit NN 39142 92 9 was be VBD 39142 92 10 hostile hostile JJ 39142 92 11 . . . 39142 93 1 But but CC 39142 93 2 with with IN 39142 93 3 the the DT 39142 93 4 founding founding NN 39142 93 5 and and CC 39142 93 6 growth growth NN 39142 93 7 of of IN 39142 93 8 universities university NNS 39142 93 9 , , , 39142 93 10 a a DT 39142 93 11 new new JJ 39142 93 12 era era NN 39142 93 13 began begin VBD 39142 93 14 . . . 39142 94 1 The the DT 39142 94 2 time time NN 39142 94 3 was be VBD 39142 94 4 ripe ripe JJ 39142 94 5 for for IN 39142 94 6 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 39142 94 7 and and CC 39142 94 8 a a DT 39142 94 9 new new JJ 39142 94 10 system system NN 39142 94 11 of of IN 39142 94 12 the the DT 39142 94 13 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 94 14 . . . 39142 95 1 The the DT 39142 95 2 discovery discovery NN 39142 95 3 of of IN 39142 95 4 the the DT 39142 95 5 New New NNP 39142 95 6 World World NNP 39142 95 7 and and CC 39142 95 8 the the DT 39142 95 9 revival revival NN 39142 95 10 of of IN 39142 95 11 learning learn VBG 39142 95 12 through through IN 39142 95 13 the the DT 39142 95 14 universities university NNS 39142 95 15 added add VBD 39142 95 16 that that DT 39142 95 17 stimulus stimulus NN 39142 95 18 and and CC 39142 95 19 inspiration inspiration NN 39142 95 20 which which WDT 39142 95 21 marked mark VBD 39142 95 22 the the DT 39142 95 23 transition transition NN 39142 95 24 from from IN 39142 95 25 the the DT 39142 95 26 Middle Middle NNP 39142 95 27 Ages Ages NNPS 39142 95 28 to to IN 39142 95 29 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 95 30 modern modern JJ 39142 95 31 era era NN 39142 95 32 , , , 39142 95 33 and and CC 39142 95 34 the the DT 39142 95 35 life life NN 39142 95 36 of of IN 39142 95 37 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 95 38 , , , 39142 95 39 long long JJ 39142 95 40 dormant dormant NN 39142 95 41 , , , 39142 95 42 was be VBD 39142 95 43 quickened quicken VBN 39142 95 44 to to IN 39142 95 45 an an DT 39142 95 46 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 39142 95 47 development development NN 39142 95 48 . . . 39142 96 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 96 2 fell fall VBD 39142 96 3 to to IN 39142 96 4 the the DT 39142 96 5 lot lot NN 39142 96 6 of of IN 39142 96 7 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 39142 96 8 to to TO 39142 96 9 write write VB 39142 96 10 the the DT 39142 96 11 second second JJ 39142 96 12 great great JJ 39142 96 13 book book NN 39142 96 14 on on IN 39142 96 15 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 96 16 , , , 39142 96 17 " " '' 39142 96 18 De De NNP 39142 96 19 Revolutionibus Revolutionibus NNP 39142 96 20 Orbium Orbium NNP 39142 96 21 Coelestium Coelestium NNP 39142 96 22 . . . 39142 96 23 " " '' 39142 97 1 But but CC 39142 97 2 the the DT 39142 97 3 new new JJ 39142 97 4 heliocentric heliocentric NN 39142 97 5 or or CC 39142 97 6 sun sun NN 39142 97 7 - - HYPH 39142 97 8 centered center VBN 39142 97 9 system system NN 39142 97 10 of of IN 39142 97 11 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 39142 97 12 , , , 39142 97 13 while while IN 39142 97 14 it -PRON- PRP 39142 97 15 was be VBD 39142 97 16 the the DT 39142 97 17 true true JJ 39142 97 18 system system NN 39142 97 19 bidding bidding NN 39142 97 20 fair fair JJ 39142 97 21 to to TO 39142 97 22 replace replace VB 39142 97 23 the the DT 39142 97 24 false false JJ 39142 97 25 , , , 39142 97 26 could could MD 39142 97 27 not not RB 39142 97 28 be be VB 39142 97 29 firmly firmly RB 39142 97 30 established establish VBN 39142 97 31 except except IN 39142 97 32 on on IN 39142 97 33 the the DT 39142 97 34 basis basis NN 39142 97 35 of of IN 39142 97 36 accurate accurate JJ 39142 97 37 observation observation NN 39142 97 38 . . . 39142 98 1 How how WRB 39142 98 2 fortunate fortunate JJ 39142 98 3 was be VBD 39142 98 4 the the DT 39142 98 5 occurrence occurrence NN 39142 98 6 of of IN 39142 98 7 the the DT 39142 98 8 new new JJ 39142 98 9 star star NN 39142 98 10 of of IN 39142 98 11 1572 1572 CD 39142 98 12 , , , 39142 98 13 that that WDT 39142 98 14 turned turn VBD 39142 98 15 the the DT 39142 98 16 keen keen JJ 39142 98 17 intellect intellect NN 39142 98 18 of of IN 39142 98 19 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 98 20 Brahe Brahe NNP 39142 98 21 toward toward IN 39142 98 22 the the DT 39142 98 23 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 98 24 ! ! . 39142 99 1 Without without IN 39142 99 2 the the DT 39142 99 3 observational observational JJ 39142 99 4 labors labor NNS 39142 99 5 of of IN 39142 99 6 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 99 7 's 's POS 39142 99 8 lifetime lifetime NN 39142 99 9 , , , 39142 99 10 what what WP 39142 99 11 would would MD 39142 99 12 the the DT 39142 99 13 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 99 14 genius genius NN 39142 99 15 of of IN 39142 99 16 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 99 17 have have VBP 39142 99 18 availed avail VBN 39142 99 19 in in IN 39142 99 20 discovery discovery NN 39142 99 21 of of IN 39142 99 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 99 23 laws law NNS 39142 99 24 of of IN 39142 99 25 motion motion NN 39142 99 26 of of IN 39142 99 27 the the DT 39142 99 28 planets planet NNS 39142 99 29 ? ? . 39142 100 1 Historians historian NNS 39142 100 2 dwell dwell VBP 39142 100 3 on on IN 39142 100 4 the the DT 39142 100 5 destruction destruction NN 39142 100 6 and and CC 39142 100 7 violent violent JJ 39142 100 8 conflicts conflict NNS 39142 100 9 of of IN 39142 100 10 certain certain JJ 39142 100 11 centuries century NNS 39142 100 12 of of IN 39142 100 13 the the DT 39142 100 14 Middle Middle NNP 39142 100 15 Ages Ages NNPS 39142 100 16 , , , 39142 100 17 quite quite RB 39142 100 18 overlooking overlook VBG 39142 100 19 the the DT 39142 100 20 constructive constructive JJ 39142 100 21 work work NN 39142 100 22 in in IN 39142 100 23 progress progress NN 39142 100 24 through through IN 39142 100 25 the the DT 39142 100 26 entire entire JJ 39142 100 27 era era NN 39142 100 28 . . . 39142 101 1 Much much JJ 39142 101 2 of of IN 39142 101 3 this this DT 39142 101 4 was be VBD 39142 101 5 of of IN 39142 101 6 a a DT 39142 101 7 nature nature NN 39142 101 8 absolutely absolutely RB 39142 101 9 essential essential JJ 39142 101 10 to to IN 39142 101 11 the the DT 39142 101 12 new new JJ 39142 101 13 life life NN 39142 101 14 that that WDT 39142 101 15 was be VBD 39142 101 16 to to TO 39142 101 17 manifest manifest VB 39142 101 18 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 101 19 in in IN 39142 101 20 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 101 21 . . . 39142 102 1 The the DT 39142 102 2 Arabs Arabs NNPS 39142 102 3 had have VBD 39142 102 4 made make VBN 39142 102 5 important important JJ 39142 102 6 improvements improvement NNS 39142 102 7 in in IN 39142 102 8 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 102 9 processes process NNS 39142 102 10 , , , 39142 102 11 European european JJ 39142 102 12 artisans artisan NNS 39142 102 13 had have VBD 39142 102 14 made make VBN 39142 102 15 great great JJ 39142 102 16 advances advance NNS 39142 102 17 in in IN 39142 102 18 the the DT 39142 102 19 manufacture manufacture NN 39142 102 20 of of IN 39142 102 21 glass glass NN 39142 102 22 and and CC 39142 102 23 in in IN 39142 102 24 the the DT 39142 102 25 tools tool NNS 39142 102 26 for for IN 39142 102 27 working work VBG 39142 102 28 in in IN 39142 102 29 metals metal NNS 39142 102 30 . . . 39142 103 1 Then then RB 39142 103 2 came come VBD 39142 103 3 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 103 4 with with IN 39142 103 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 103 6 telescope telescope NN 39142 103 7 revealing reveal VBG 39142 103 8 anew anew RB 39142 103 9 the the DT 39142 103 10 universe universe NN 39142 103 11 to to IN 39142 103 12 mankind mankind NN 39142 103 13 . . . 39142 104 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 104 2 was be VBD 39142 104 3 the the DT 39142 104 4 north north NN 39142 104 5 of of IN 39142 104 6 Italy Italy NNP 39142 104 7 where where WRB 39142 104 8 the the DT 39142 104 9 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 39142 104 10 was be VBD 39142 104 11 most most RBS 39142 104 12 potent potent JJ 39142 104 13 , , , 39142 104 14 recalling recall VBG 39142 104 15 the the DT 39142 104 16 vigorous vigorous JJ 39142 104 17 life life NN 39142 104 18 of of IN 39142 104 19 ancient ancient JJ 39142 104 20 Greece Greece NNP 39142 104 21 . . . 39142 105 1 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 39142 105 2 had have VBD 39142 105 3 studied study VBN 39142 105 4 here here RB 39142 105 5 ; ; : 39142 105 6 it -PRON- PRP 39142 105 7 was be VBD 39142 105 8 the the DT 39142 105 9 home home NN 39142 105 10 of of IN 39142 105 11 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 105 12 . . . 39142 106 1 Columbus Columbus NNP 39142 106 2 was be VBD 39142 106 3 a a DT 39142 106 4 Genoese Genoese NNP 39142 106 5 , , , 39142 106 6 and and CC 39142 106 7 the the DT 39142 106 8 compass compass NN 39142 106 9 which which WDT 39142 106 10 guided guide VBD 39142 106 11 him -PRON- PRP 39142 106 12 to to IN 39142 106 13 the the DT 39142 106 14 Western Western NNP 39142 106 15 World World NNP 39142 106 16 was be VBD 39142 106 17 a a DT 39142 106 18 product product NN 39142 106 19 of of IN 39142 106 20 deft deft JJ 39142 106 21 Italian italian JJ 39142 106 22 artisans artisan NNS 39142 106 23 whose whose WP$ 39142 106 24 skill skill NN 39142 106 25 with with IN 39142 106 26 that that DT 39142 106 27 of of IN 39142 106 28 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 106 29 successors successor NNS 39142 106 30 was be VBD 39142 106 31 now now RB 39142 106 32 available available JJ 39142 106 33 to to TO 39142 106 34 construct construct VB 39142 106 35 the the DT 39142 106 36 instruments instrument NNS 39142 106 37 necessary necessary JJ 39142 106 38 for for IN 39142 106 39 further further JJ 39142 106 40 progress progress NN 39142 106 41 in in IN 39142 106 42 the the DT 39142 106 43 accurate accurate JJ 39142 106 44 science science NN 39142 106 45 of of IN 39142 106 46 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 106 47 observation observation NN 39142 106 48 . . . 39142 107 1 Even even RB 39142 107 2 before before IN 39142 107 3 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 39142 107 4 , , , 39142 107 5 Johann Johann NNP 39142 107 6 Müller Müller NNP 39142 107 7 , , , 39142 107 8 better well RBR 39142 107 9 known know VBN 39142 107 10 as as IN 39142 107 11 Regiomontanus Regiomontanus NNP 39142 107 12 , , , 39142 107 13 had have VBD 39142 107 14 imbibed imbibe VBN 39142 107 15 the the DT 39142 107 16 learning learning NN 39142 107 17 of of IN 39142 107 18 the the DT 39142 107 19 Greeks Greeks NNPS 39142 107 20 while while IN 39142 107 21 studying study VBG 39142 107 22 in in IN 39142 107 23 Italy Italy NNP 39142 107 24 , , , 39142 107 25 and and CC 39142 107 26 founded found VBD 39142 107 27 an an DT 39142 107 28 observatory observatory NN 39142 107 29 and and CC 39142 107 30 issued issue VBN 39142 107 31 nautical nautical JJ 39142 107 32 almanacs almanacs NN 39142 107 33 from from IN 39142 107 34 Nuremberg Nuremberg NNP 39142 107 35 , , , 39142 107 36 the the DT 39142 107 37 basis basis NN 39142 107 38 of of IN 39142 107 39 those those DT 39142 107 40 by by IN 39142 107 41 which which WDT 39142 107 42 Columbus Columbus NNP 39142 107 43 was be VBD 39142 107 44 guided guide VBN 39142 107 45 over over IN 39142 107 46 untraversed untraverse VBN 39142 107 47 seas sea NNS 39142 107 48 . . . 39142 108 1 About about RB 39142 108 2 this this DT 39142 108 3 time time NN 39142 108 4 , , , 39142 108 5 too too RB 39142 108 6 , , , 39142 108 7 the the DT 39142 108 8 art art NN 39142 108 9 of of IN 39142 108 10 printing printing NN 39142 108 11 was be VBD 39142 108 12 invented invent VBN 39142 108 13 , , , 39142 108 14 and and CC 39142 108 15 the the DT 39142 108 16 interrelation interrelation NN 39142 108 17 of of IN 39142 108 18 all all PDT 39142 108 19 the the DT 39142 108 20 movements movement NNS 39142 108 21 then then RB 39142 108 22 in in IN 39142 108 23 progress progress NN 39142 108 24 led lead VBD 39142 108 25 up up RP 39142 108 26 to to IN 39142 108 27 a a DT 39142 108 28 general general JJ 39142 108 29 awakening awakening NN 39142 108 30 of of IN 39142 108 31 the the DT 39142 108 32 mind mind NN 39142 108 33 of of IN 39142 108 34 man man NN 39142 108 35 , , , 39142 108 36 and and CC 39142 108 37 eventually eventually RB 39142 108 38 an an DT 39142 108 39 outburst outburst NN 39142 108 40 in in IN 39142 108 41 science science NN 39142 108 42 and and CC 39142 108 43 learning learning NN 39142 108 44 , , , 39142 108 45 which which WDT 39142 108 46 has have VBZ 39142 108 47 continued continue VBN 39142 108 48 to to IN 39142 108 49 the the DT 39142 108 50 present present JJ 39142 108 51 day day NN 39142 108 52 . . . 39142 109 1 Naturally naturally RB 39142 109 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 109 3 put put VBD 39142 109 4 new new JJ 39142 109 5 life life NN 39142 109 6 into into IN 39142 109 7 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 109 8 , , , 39142 109 9 and and CC 39142 109 10 led lead VBD 39142 109 11 directly directly RB 39142 109 12 up up RB 39142 109 13 from from IN 39142 109 14 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 109 15 and and CC 39142 109 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 109 17 experimental experimental JJ 39142 109 18 philosophy philosophy NN 39142 109 19 to to IN 39142 109 20 Newton Newton NNP 39142 109 21 and and CC 39142 109 22 the the DT 39142 109 23 _ _ NNP 39142 109 24 Principia Principia NNP 39142 109 25 _ _ NNP 39142 109 26 , , , 39142 109 27 the the DT 39142 109 28 third third JJ 39142 109 29 in in IN 39142 109 30 the the DT 39142 109 31 trinity trinity NN 39142 109 32 of of IN 39142 109 33 great great JJ 39142 109 34 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 109 35 books book NNS 39142 109 36 of of IN 39142 109 37 all all DT 39142 109 38 time time NN 39142 109 39 . . . 39142 110 1 To to TO 39142 110 2 get get VB 39142 110 3 to to IN 39142 110 4 the the DT 39142 110 5 bottom bottom NN 39142 110 6 of of IN 39142 110 7 things thing NNS 39142 110 8 , , , 39142 110 9 one one PRP 39142 110 10 must must MD 39142 110 11 study study VB 39142 110 12 intimately intimately RB 39142 110 13 the the DT 39142 110 14 history history NN 39142 110 15 of of IN 39142 110 16 the the DT 39142 110 17 intellectual intellectual JJ 39142 110 18 development development NN 39142 110 19 of of IN 39142 110 20 Europe Europe NNP 39142 110 21 through through IN 39142 110 22 the the DT 39142 110 23 fifteenth fifteenth JJ 39142 110 24 and and CC 39142 110 25 sixteenth sixteenth JJ 39142 110 26 centuries century NNS 39142 110 27 . . . 39142 111 1 Many many JJ 39142 111 2 of of IN 39142 111 3 the the DT 39142 111 4 western western JJ 39142 111 5 countries country NNS 39142 111 6 were be VBD 39142 111 7 ruled rule VBN 39142 111 8 by by IN 39142 111 9 sovereigns sovereign NNS 39142 111 10 of of IN 39142 111 11 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 39142 111 12 vigor vigor NN 39142 111 13 and and CC 39142 111 14 force force NN 39142 111 15 of of IN 39142 111 16 character character NN 39142 111 17 , , , 39142 111 18 and and CC 39142 111 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 111 20 activities activity NNS 39142 111 21 tended tend VBD 39142 111 22 strongly strongly RB 39142 111 23 toward toward IN 39142 111 24 that that DT 39142 111 25 firm firm JJ 39142 111 26 basis basis NN 39142 111 27 on on IN 39142 111 28 which which WDT 39142 111 29 the the DT 39142 111 30 foundations foundation NNS 39142 111 31 of of IN 39142 111 32 modern modern JJ 39142 111 33 civilization civilization NN 39142 111 34 were be VBD 39142 111 35 securely securely RB 39142 111 36 laid lay VBN 39142 111 37 . . . 39142 112 1 Contemporaneously contemporaneously RB 39142 112 2 with with IN 39142 112 3 this this DT 39142 112 4 era era NN 39142 112 5 , , , 39142 112 6 and and CC 39142 112 7 following follow VBG 39142 112 8 on on RP 39142 112 9 through through IN 39142 112 10 the the DT 39142 112 11 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 39142 112 12 century century NN 39142 112 13 , , , 39142 112 14 came come VBD 39142 112 15 the the DT 39142 112 16 measurements measurement NNS 39142 112 17 of of IN 39142 112 18 the the DT 39142 112 19 earth earth NN 39142 112 20 by by IN 39142 112 21 French french JJ 39142 112 22 geodesists geodesist NNS 39142 112 23 , , , 39142 112 24 the the DT 39142 112 25 construction construction NN 39142 112 26 of of IN 39142 112 27 greater great JJR 39142 112 28 and and CC 39142 112 29 greater great JJR 39142 112 30 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 112 31 and and CC 39142 112 32 the the DT 39142 112 33 wonderful wonderful JJ 39142 112 34 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 112 35 with with IN 39142 112 36 them -PRON- PRP 39142 112 37 by by IN 39142 112 38 Huygens Huygens NNPS 39142 112 39 , , , 39142 112 40 Cassini Cassini NNP 39142 112 41 , , , 39142 112 42 and and CC 39142 112 43 many many JJ 39142 112 44 others other NNS 39142 112 45 . . . 39142 113 1 Most most RBS 39142 113 2 important important JJ 39142 113 3 of of IN 39142 113 4 all all DT 39142 113 5 was be VBD 39142 113 6 the the DT 39142 113 7 application application NN 39142 113 8 of of IN 39142 113 9 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 113 10 to to IN 39142 113 11 the the DT 39142 113 12 instruments instrument NNS 39142 113 13 with with IN 39142 113 14 which which WDT 39142 113 15 angles angle NNS 39142 113 16 are be VBP 39142 113 17 measured measure VBN 39142 113 18 . . . 39142 114 1 Then then RB 39142 114 2 for for IN 39142 114 3 the the DT 39142 114 4 first first JJ 39142 114 5 time time NN 39142 114 6 man man NN 39142 114 7 had have VBD 39142 114 8 begun begin VBN 39142 114 9 to to TO 39142 114 10 find find VB 39142 114 11 out out RP 39142 114 12 that that IN 39142 114 13 by by IN 39142 114 14 accurate accurate JJ 39142 114 15 measures measure NNS 39142 114 16 of of IN 39142 114 17 the the DT 39142 114 18 heavenly heavenly JJ 39142 114 19 bodies body NNS 39142 114 20 , , , 39142 114 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 114 22 places place NNS 39142 114 23 among among IN 39142 114 24 the the DT 39142 114 25 stars star NNS 39142 114 26 , , , 39142 114 27 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 114 28 sizes size NNS 39142 114 29 and and CC 39142 114 30 distances distance NNS 39142 114 31 , , , 39142 114 32 he -PRON- PRP 39142 114 33 could could MD 39142 114 34 attain attain VB 39142 114 35 to to TO 39142 114 36 complete complete VB 39142 114 37 knowledge knowledge NN 39142 114 38 of of IN 39142 114 39 them -PRON- PRP 39142 114 40 and and CC 39142 114 41 so so RB 39142 114 42 conquer conquer VB 39142 114 43 the the DT 39142 114 44 universe universe NN 39142 114 45 . . . 39142 115 1 But but CC 39142 115 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 115 3 soon soon RB 39142 115 4 realized realize VBD 39142 115 5 the the DT 39142 115 6 insufficiency insufficiency NN 39142 115 7 of of IN 39142 115 8 the the DT 39142 115 9 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 115 10 tools tool NNS 39142 115 11 with with IN 39142 115 12 which which WDT 39142 115 13 he -PRON- PRP 39142 115 14 worked work VBD 39142 115 15 -- -- : 39142 115 16 how how WRB 39142 115 17 unsuited unsuited JJ 39142 115 18 they -PRON- PRP 39142 115 19 were be VBD 39142 115 20 to to IN 39142 115 21 the the DT 39142 115 22 solution solution NN 39142 115 23 of of IN 39142 115 24 the the DT 39142 115 25 problem problem NN 39142 115 26 of of IN 39142 115 27 three three CD 39142 115 28 bodies body NNS 39142 115 29 ( ( -LRB- 39142 115 30 sun sun NN 39142 115 31 , , , 39142 115 32 earth earth NN 39142 115 33 , , , 39142 115 34 and and CC 39142 115 35 moon moon NN 39142 115 36 ) ) -RRB- 39142 115 37 under under IN 39142 115 38 the the DT 39142 115 39 Newtonian newtonian JJ 39142 115 40 law law NN 39142 115 41 of of IN 39142 115 42 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 115 43 , , , 39142 115 44 let let VB 39142 115 45 alone alone RB 39142 115 46 the the DT 39142 115 47 problem problem NN 39142 115 48 of of IN 39142 115 49 n n NN 39142 115 50 - - HYPH 39142 115 51 bodies body NNS 39142 115 52 , , , 39142 115 53 mutually mutually RB 39142 115 54 attracting attract VBG 39142 115 55 each each DT 39142 115 56 the the DT 39142 115 57 other other JJ 39142 115 58 ; ; : 39142 115 59 and and CC 39142 115 60 every every DT 39142 115 61 one one NN 39142 115 62 perturbing perturb VBG 39142 115 63 the the DT 39142 115 64 motion motion NN 39142 115 65 of of IN 39142 115 66 every every DT 39142 115 67 other other JJ 39142 115 68 one one CD 39142 115 69 . . . 39142 116 1 So so RB 39142 116 2 the the DT 39142 116 3 invention invention NN 39142 116 4 of of IN 39142 116 5 new new JJ 39142 116 6 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 116 7 tools tool NNS 39142 116 8 was be VBD 39142 116 9 prosecuted prosecute VBN 39142 116 10 by by IN 39142 116 11 Newton Newton NNP 39142 116 12 and and CC 39142 116 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 116 14 rival rival JJ 39142 116 15 Leibnitz Leibnitz NNP 39142 116 16 , , , 39142 116 17 who who WP 39142 116 18 , , , 39142 116 19 by by IN 39142 116 20 the the DT 39142 116 21 way way NN 39142 116 22 , , , 39142 116 23 showed show VBD 39142 116 24 himself -PRON- PRP 39142 116 25 as as RB 39142 116 26 great great JJ 39142 116 27 a a DT 39142 116 28 man man NN 39142 116 29 as as IN 39142 116 30 mathematician mathematician NNP 39142 116 31 : : : 39142 116 32 " " `` 39142 116 33 taking take VBG 39142 116 34 mathematics mathematic NNS 39142 116 35 , , , 39142 116 36 " " '' 39142 116 37 wrote write VBD 39142 116 38 Leibnitz Leibnitz NNP 39142 116 39 , , , 39142 116 40 " " '' 39142 116 41 from from IN 39142 116 42 the the DT 39142 116 43 beginning beginning NN 39142 116 44 of of IN 39142 116 45 the the DT 39142 116 46 world world NN 39142 116 47 to to IN 39142 116 48 the the DT 39142 116 49 times time NNS 39142 116 50 when when WRB 39142 116 51 Newton Newton NNP 39142 116 52 lived live VBD 39142 116 53 , , , 39142 116 54 what what WP 39142 116 55 he -PRON- PRP 39142 116 56 had have VBD 39142 116 57 done do VBN 39142 116 58 was be VBD 39142 116 59 much much RB 39142 116 60 the the DT 39142 116 61 better well JJR 39142 116 62 half half NN 39142 116 63 . . . 39142 116 64 " " '' 39142 117 1 Newton Newton NNP 39142 117 2 was be VBD 39142 117 3 the the DT 39142 117 4 greatest great JJS 39142 117 5 of of IN 39142 117 6 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 117 7 who who WP 39142 117 8 , , , 39142 117 9 since since IN 39142 117 10 the the DT 39142 117 11 revival revival NN 39142 117 12 of of IN 39142 117 13 learning learning NN 39142 117 14 , , , 39142 117 15 had have VBD 39142 117 16 observed observe VBN 39142 117 17 the the DT 39142 117 18 motions motion NNS 39142 117 19 of of IN 39142 117 20 the the DT 39142 117 21 heavenly heavenly JJ 39142 117 22 bodies body NNS 39142 117 23 and and CC 39142 117 24 sought seek VBD 39142 117 25 to to TO 39142 117 26 find find VB 39142 117 27 out out RP 39142 117 28 why why WRB 39142 117 29 they -PRON- PRP 39142 117 30 moved move VBD 39142 117 31 . . . 39142 118 1 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 39142 118 2 , , , 39142 118 3 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 118 4 Brahe Brahe NNP 39142 118 5 , , , 39142 118 6 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 118 7 , , , 39142 118 8 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 118 9 , , , 39142 118 10 Newton Newton NNP 39142 118 11 , , , 39142 118 12 all all DT 39142 118 13 are be VBP 39142 118 14 bound bind VBN 39142 118 15 together together RB 39142 118 16 as as IN 39142 118 17 in in IN 39142 118 18 a a DT 39142 118 19 plot plot NN 39142 118 20 . . . 39142 119 1 Not not RB 39142 119 2 one one CD 39142 119 3 of of IN 39142 119 4 them -PRON- PRP 39142 119 5 can can MD 39142 119 6 be be VB 39142 119 7 dissociated dissociate VBN 39142 119 8 from from IN 39142 119 9 the the DT 39142 119 10 greatest great JJS 39142 119 11 of of IN 39142 119 12 all all DT 39142 119 13 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 119 14 . . . 39142 120 1 But but CC 39142 120 2 Newton Newton NNP 39142 120 3 , , , 39142 120 4 the the DT 39142 120 5 greatest great JJS 39142 120 6 of of IN 39142 120 7 them -PRON- PRP 39142 120 8 all all DT 39142 120 9 , , , 39142 120 10 revealed reveal VBD 39142 120 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 120 12 greatness greatness NN 39142 120 13 even even RB 39142 120 14 more more RBR 39142 120 15 by by IN 39142 120 16 saying say VBG 39142 120 17 : : : 39142 120 18 " " `` 39142 120 19 If if IN 39142 120 20 I -PRON- PRP 39142 120 21 have have VBP 39142 120 22 seen see VBN 39142 120 23 further further RB 39142 120 24 than than IN 39142 120 25 other other JJ 39142 120 26 men man NNS 39142 120 27 , , , 39142 120 28 it -PRON- PRP 39142 120 29 is be VBZ 39142 120 30 because because IN 39142 120 31 I -PRON- PRP 39142 120 32 have have VBP 39142 120 33 been be VBN 39142 120 34 standing stand VBG 39142 120 35 on on IN 39142 120 36 the the DT 39142 120 37 shoulders shoulder NNS 39142 120 38 of of IN 39142 120 39 giants giant NNS 39142 120 40 . . . 39142 120 41 " " '' 39142 121 1 Elsewhere elsewhere RB 39142 121 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 121 3 says say VBZ 39142 121 4 : : : 39142 121 5 " " `` 39142 121 6 All all DT 39142 121 7 this this DT 39142 121 8 was be VBD 39142 121 9 in in IN 39142 121 10 the the DT 39142 121 11 two two CD 39142 121 12 plague plague NN 39142 121 13 years year NNS 39142 121 14 of of IN 39142 121 15 1665 1665 CD 39142 121 16 and and CC 39142 121 17 1666 1666 CD 39142 121 18 [ [ -LRB- 39142 121 19 he -PRON- PRP 39142 121 20 was be VBD 39142 121 21 then then RB 39142 121 22 but but CC 39142 121 23 twenty twenty CD 39142 121 24 - - HYPH 39142 121 25 four four CD 39142 121 26 ] ] -RRB- 39142 121 27 , , , 39142 121 28 for for IN 39142 121 29 in in IN 39142 121 30 those those DT 39142 121 31 days day NNS 39142 121 32 I -PRON- PRP 39142 121 33 was be VBD 39142 121 34 in in IN 39142 121 35 the the DT 39142 121 36 prime prime NN 39142 121 37 of of IN 39142 121 38 my -PRON- PRP$ 39142 121 39 age age NN 39142 121 40 for for IN 39142 121 41 invention invention NN 39142 121 42 , , , 39142 121 43 and and CC 39142 121 44 minded minded JJ 39142 121 45 mathematics mathematic NNS 39142 121 46 and and CC 39142 121 47 philosophy philosophy NN 39142 121 48 more more RBR 39142 121 49 than than IN 39142 121 50 at at IN 39142 121 51 any any DT 39142 121 52 time time NN 39142 121 53 since since RB 39142 121 54 . . . 39142 121 55 " " '' 39142 122 1 All all DT 39142 122 2 school school NN 39142 122 3 children child NNS 39142 122 4 know know VBP 39142 122 5 these these DT 39142 122 6 as as IN 39142 122 7 the the DT 39142 122 8 years year NNS 39142 122 9 of of IN 39142 122 10 the the DT 39142 122 11 plague plague NN 39142 122 12 and and CC 39142 122 13 the the DT 39142 122 14 fire fire NN 39142 122 15 ; ; : 39142 122 16 but but CC 39142 122 17 very very RB 39142 122 18 few few JJ 39142 122 19 , , , 39142 122 20 in in IN 39142 122 21 school school NN 39142 122 22 or or CC 39142 122 23 out out RP 39142 122 24 , , , 39142 122 25 connect connect VB 39142 122 26 these these DT 39142 122 27 years year NNS 39142 122 28 with with IN 39142 122 29 two two CD 39142 122 30 other other JJ 39142 122 31 far far RB 39142 122 32 - - HYPH 39142 122 33 reaching reach VBG 39142 122 34 events event NNS 39142 122 35 in in IN 39142 122 36 the the DT 39142 122 37 world world NN 39142 122 38 's 's POS 39142 122 39 history history NN 39142 122 40 , , , 39142 122 41 the the DT 39142 122 42 invention invention NN 39142 122 43 of of IN 39142 122 44 the the DT 39142 122 45 infinitesimal infinitesimal JJ 39142 122 46 calculus calculus NN 39142 122 47 and and CC 39142 122 48 the the DT 39142 122 49 discovery discovery NN 39142 122 50 of of IN 39142 122 51 the the DT 39142 122 52 law law NN 39142 122 53 of of IN 39142 122 54 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 122 55 . . . 39142 123 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 123 2 have have VBP 39142 123 3 passed pass VBN 39142 123 4 over over RP 39142 123 5 the the DT 39142 123 6 name name NN 39142 123 7 of of IN 39142 123 8 Descartes Descartes NNPS 39142 123 9 , , , 39142 123 10 almost almost RB 39142 123 11 contemporary contemporary JJ 39142 123 12 with with IN 39142 123 13 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 123 14 , , , 39142 123 15 the the DT 39142 123 16 founder founder NN 39142 123 17 of of IN 39142 123 18 modern modern JJ 39142 123 19 dynamics dynamic NNS 39142 123 20 , , , 39142 123 21 but but CC 39142 123 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 123 23 initiation initiation NN 39142 123 24 of of IN 39142 123 25 one one CD 39142 123 26 of of IN 39142 123 27 the the DT 39142 123 28 greatest great JJS 39142 123 29 improvements improvement NNS 39142 123 30 of of IN 39142 123 31 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 123 32 method method NN 39142 123 33 can can MD 39142 123 34 not not RB 39142 123 35 be be VB 39142 123 36 overlooked overlook VBN 39142 123 37 . . . 39142 124 1 This this DT 39142 124 2 era era NN 39142 124 3 was be VBD 39142 124 4 the the DT 39142 124 5 beginning beginning NN 39142 124 6 of of IN 39142 124 7 the the DT 39142 124 8 Golden Golden NNP 39142 124 9 Age Age NNP 39142 124 10 of of IN 39142 124 11 Mathematics Mathematics NNPS 39142 124 12 that that WDT 39142 124 13 embraced embrace VBD 39142 124 14 the the DT 39142 124 15 lives life NNS 39142 124 16 of of IN 39142 124 17 the the DT 39142 124 18 versatile versatile NN 39142 124 19 Euler Euler NNP 39142 124 20 , , , 39142 124 21 equally equally RB 39142 124 22 at at IN 39142 124 23 home home NN 39142 124 24 in in IN 39142 124 25 dynamics dynamic NNS 39142 124 26 and and CC 39142 124 27 optics optic NNS 39142 124 28 and and CC 39142 124 29 the the DT 39142 124 30 lunar lunar JJ 39142 124 31 theory theory NN 39142 124 32 ; ; , 39142 124 33 of of IN 39142 124 34 La La NNP 39142 124 35 Grange Grange NNP 39142 124 36 , , , 39142 124 37 author author NN 39142 124 38 of of IN 39142 124 39 the the DT 39142 124 40 elegant elegant JJ 39142 124 41 " " `` 39142 124 42 Mécanique Mécanique NNP 39142 124 43 Analytique Analytique NNP 39142 124 44 " " '' 39142 124 45 ; ; : 39142 124 46 and and CC 39142 124 47 La La NNP 39142 124 48 Place Place NNP 39142 124 49 , , , 39142 124 50 of of IN 39142 124 51 the the DT 39142 124 52 unparalleled unparalleled JJ 39142 124 53 " " `` 39142 124 54 Mécanique Mécanique NNP 39142 124 55 Céleste Céleste NNP 39142 124 56 . . . 39142 124 57 " " '' 39142 125 1 With with IN 39142 125 2 them -PRON- PRP 39142 125 3 and and CC 39142 125 4 a a DT 39142 125 5 fully fully RB 39142 125 6 elaborated elaborate VBN 39142 125 7 calculus calculus NN 39142 125 8 Newton Newton NNP 39142 125 9 's 's POS 39142 125 10 universal universal JJ 39142 125 11 law law NN 39142 125 12 had have VBD 39142 125 13 been be VBN 39142 125 14 extended extend VBN 39142 125 15 to to IN 39142 125 16 all all PDT 39142 125 17 the the DT 39142 125 18 motions motion NNS 39142 125 19 of of IN 39142 125 20 the the DT 39142 125 21 cosmos cosmo NNS 39142 125 22 . . . 39142 126 1 Even even RB 39142 126 2 the the DT 39142 126 3 tides tide NNS 39142 126 4 and and CC 39142 126 5 precession precession NN 39142 126 6 of of IN 39142 126 7 the the DT 39142 126 8 equinoxes equinox NNS 39142 126 9 and and CC 39142 126 10 Bradley Bradley NNP 39142 126 11 's 's POS 39142 126 12 nutation nutation NN 39142 126 13 were be VBD 39142 126 14 accounted account VBN 39142 126 15 for for IN 39142 126 16 and and CC 39142 126 17 explained explain VBD 39142 126 18 . . . 39142 127 1 Mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 127 2 or or CC 39142 127 3 gravitational gravitational JJ 39142 127 4 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 127 5 had have VBD 39142 127 6 attained attain VBN 39142 127 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 127 8 pinnacle pinnacle NN 39142 127 9 -- -- : 39142 127 10 it -PRON- PRP 39142 127 11 seemed seem VBD 39142 127 12 to to TO 39142 127 13 be be VB 39142 127 14 a a DT 39142 127 15 finished finished JJ 39142 127 16 science science NN 39142 127 17 : : : 39142 127 18 all all DT 39142 127 19 who who WP 39142 127 20 were be VBD 39142 127 21 to to TO 39142 127 22 come come VB 39142 127 23 after after IN 39142 127 24 must must MD 39142 127 25 be be VB 39142 127 26 but but CC 39142 127 27 followers follower NNS 39142 127 28 . . . 39142 128 1 The the DT 39142 128 2 culmination culmination NN 39142 128 3 of of IN 39142 128 4 one one CD 39142 128 5 great great JJ 39142 128 6 period period NN 39142 128 7 , , , 39142 128 8 however however RB 39142 128 9 , , , 39142 128 10 proved prove VBD 39142 128 11 to to TO 39142 128 12 be be VB 39142 128 13 but but CC 39142 128 14 the the DT 39142 128 15 inception inception NN 39142 128 16 of of IN 39142 128 17 another another DT 39142 128 18 epoch epoch NN 39142 128 19 in in IN 39142 128 20 the the DT 39142 128 21 development development NN 39142 128 22 of of IN 39142 128 23 the the DT 39142 128 24 living living NN 39142 128 25 science science NN 39142 128 26 . . . 39142 129 1 The the DT 39142 129 2 greatest great JJS 39142 129 3 observer observer NN 39142 129 4 of of IN 39142 129 5 all all DT 39142 129 6 time time NN 39142 129 7 , , , 39142 129 8 with with IN 39142 129 9 a a DT 39142 129 10 telescope telescope NN 39142 129 11 built build VBN 39142 129 12 by by IN 39142 129 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 129 14 own own JJ 39142 129 15 hands hand NNS 39142 129 16 , , , 39142 129 17 had have VBD 39142 129 18 discovered discover VBN 39142 129 19 a a DT 39142 129 20 great great JJ 39142 129 21 planet planet NN 39142 129 22 far far RB 39142 129 23 beyond beyond IN 39142 129 24 the the DT 39142 129 25 then then RB 39142 129 26 confines confine NNS 39142 129 27 of of IN 39142 129 28 the the DT 39142 129 29 solar solar JJ 39142 129 30 system system NN 39142 129 31 . . . 39142 130 1 Mathematicians mathematician NNS 39142 130 2 would would MD 39142 130 3 take take VB 39142 130 4 care care NN 39142 130 5 of of IN 39142 130 6 Uranus Uranus NNP 39142 130 7 , , , 39142 130 8 and and CC 39142 130 9 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 130 10 was be VBD 39142 130 11 left leave VBN 39142 130 12 free free JJ 39142 130 13 to to TO 39142 130 14 build build VB 39142 130 15 bigger big JJR 39142 130 16 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 130 17 still still RB 39142 130 18 , , , 39142 130 19 and and CC 39142 130 20 study study VB 39142 130 21 the the DT 39142 130 22 construction construction NN 39142 130 23 of of IN 39142 130 24 the the DT 39142 130 25 stellar stellar JJ 39142 130 26 universe universe NN 39142 130 27 . . . 39142 131 1 Down down IN 39142 131 2 to to IN 39142 131 3 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 131 4 day day NN 39142 131 5 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 131 6 had have VBD 39142 131 7 dealt deal VBN 39142 131 8 almost almost RB 39142 131 9 wholly wholly RB 39142 131 10 with with IN 39142 131 11 the the DT 39142 131 12 positions position NNS 39142 131 13 and and CC 39142 131 14 motions motion NNS 39142 131 15 of of IN 39142 131 16 the the DT 39142 131 17 celestial celestial JJ 39142 131 18 bodies body NNS 39142 131 19 -- -- : 39142 131 20 astronomy astronomy NNP 39142 131 21 was be VBD 39142 131 22 a a DT 39142 131 23 science science NN 39142 131 24 of of IN 39142 131 25 _ _ NNP 39142 131 26 where where WRB 39142 131 27 _ _ NNP 39142 131 28 . . . 39142 132 1 To to TO 39142 132 2 inquire inquire VB 39142 132 3 _ _ VB 39142 132 4 what what WP 39142 132 5 _ _ NNP 39142 132 6 the the DT 39142 132 7 heavenly heavenly JJ 39142 132 8 bodies body NNS 39142 132 9 _ _ NNP 39142 132 10 are be VBP 39142 132 11 _ _ NNP 39142 132 12 , , , 39142 132 13 seemed seem VBD 39142 132 14 to to IN 39142 132 15 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 132 16 worthy worthy JJ 39142 132 17 of of IN 39142 132 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 132 19 keenest keen JJS 39142 132 20 attention attention NN 39142 132 21 also also RB 39142 132 22 . . . 39142 133 1 While while IN 39142 133 2 " " `` 39142 133 3 a a DT 39142 133 4 knowledge knowledge NN 39142 133 5 of of IN 39142 133 6 the the DT 39142 133 7 construction construction NN 39142 133 8 of of IN 39142 133 9 the the DT 39142 133 10 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 133 11 has have VBZ 39142 133 12 always always RB 39142 133 13 been be VBN 39142 133 14 the the DT 39142 133 15 ultimate ultimate JJ 39142 133 16 object object NN 39142 133 17 of of IN 39142 133 18 my -PRON- PRP$ 39142 133 19 observations observation NNS 39142 133 20 , , , 39142 133 21 " " '' 39142 133 22 as as IN 39142 133 23 he -PRON- PRP 39142 133 24 said say VBD 39142 133 25 , , , 39142 133 26 and and CC 39142 133 27 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 133 28 ingenious ingenious JJ 39142 133 29 method method NN 39142 133 30 of of IN 39142 133 31 star star NN 39142 133 32 - - HYPH 39142 133 33 gauging gauging NNP 39142 133 34 was be VBD 39142 133 35 the the DT 39142 133 36 first first JJ 39142 133 37 practicable practicable JJ 39142 133 38 attempt attempt NN 39142 133 39 to to TO 39142 133 40 investigate investigate VB 39142 133 41 the the DT 39142 133 42 construction construction NN 39142 133 43 of of IN 39142 133 44 the the DT 39142 133 45 sidereal sidereal JJ 39142 133 46 universe universe NN 39142 133 47 , , , 39142 133 48 he -PRON- PRP 39142 133 49 nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 133 50 devoted devote VBD 39142 133 51 much much JJ 39142 133 52 time time NN 39142 133 53 to to IN 39142 133 54 the the DT 39142 133 55 description description NN 39142 133 56 of of IN 39142 133 57 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 133 58 and and CC 39142 133 59 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 133 60 nature nature NN 39142 133 61 , , , 39142 133 62 as as RB 39142 133 63 well well RB 39142 133 64 as as IN 39142 133 65 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 133 66 distribution distribution NN 39142 133 67 in in IN 39142 133 68 space space NN 39142 133 69 . . . 39142 134 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 134 2 was be VBD 39142 134 3 the the DT 39142 134 4 founder founder NN 39142 134 5 of of IN 39142 134 6 double double JJ 39142 134 7 - - HYPH 39142 134 8 star star NN 39142 134 9 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 134 10 , , , 39142 134 11 and and CC 39142 134 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 134 13 researches research NNS 39142 134 14 on on IN 39142 134 15 the the DT 39142 134 16 light light NN 39142 134 17 of of IN 39142 134 18 the the DT 39142 134 19 stars star NNS 39142 134 20 by by IN 39142 134 21 the the DT 39142 134 22 simple simple JJ 39142 134 23 method method NN 39142 134 24 of of IN 39142 134 25 sequences sequence NNS 39142 134 26 were be VBD 39142 134 27 the the DT 39142 134 28 inception inception NN 39142 134 29 of of IN 39142 134 30 the the DT 39142 134 31 vast vast JJ 39142 134 32 fields field NNS 39142 134 33 of of IN 39142 134 34 stellar stellar JJ 39142 134 35 photometry photometry NN 39142 134 36 and and CC 39142 134 37 variable variable JJ 39142 134 38 stars star NNS 39142 134 39 . . . 39142 135 1 The the DT 39142 135 2 physics physics NN 39142 135 3 of of IN 39142 135 4 the the DT 39142 135 5 sun sun NN 39142 135 6 , , , 39142 135 7 also also RB 39142 135 8 , , , 39142 135 9 was be VBD 39142 135 10 by by IN 39142 135 11 no no DT 39142 135 12 means means NN 39142 135 13 neglected neglect VBN 39142 135 14 ; ; : 39142 135 15 and and CC 39142 135 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 135 17 lifework lifework NN 39142 135 18 earned earn VBN 39142 135 19 for for IN 39142 135 20 him -PRON- PRP 39142 135 21 the the DT 39142 135 22 title title NN 39142 135 23 of of IN 39142 135 24 father father NN 39142 135 25 of of IN 39142 135 26 descriptive descriptive JJ 39142 135 27 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 135 28 . . . 39142 136 1 While while IN 39142 136 2 progress progress NN 39142 136 3 and and CC 39142 136 4 discovery discovery NN 39142 136 5 in in IN 39142 136 6 the the DT 39142 136 7 earlier early JJR 39142 136 8 fields field NNS 39142 136 9 of of IN 39142 136 10 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 136 11 were be VBD 39142 136 12 going go VBG 39142 136 13 on on RP 39142 136 14 , , , 39142 136 15 the the DT 39142 136 16 initial initial JJ 39142 136 17 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 136 18 in in IN 39142 136 19 the the DT 39142 136 20 vast vast JJ 39142 136 21 group group NN 39142 136 22 of of IN 39142 136 23 small small JJ 39142 136 24 planets planet NNS 39142 136 25 were be VBD 39142 136 26 made make VBN 39142 136 27 at at IN 39142 136 28 the the DT 39142 136 29 beginning beginning NN 39142 136 30 of of IN 39142 136 31 the the DT 39142 136 32 nineteenth nineteenth JJ 39142 136 33 century century NN 39142 136 34 . . . 39142 137 1 The the DT 39142 137 2 great great JJ 39142 137 3 Bessel Bessel NNP 39142 137 4 added add VBD 39142 137 5 new new JJ 39142 137 6 life life NN 39142 137 7 to to IN 39142 137 8 the the DT 39142 137 9 science science NN 39142 137 10 by by IN 39142 137 11 revolutionizing revolutionize VBG 39142 137 12 the the DT 39142 137 13 methods method NNS 39142 137 14 and and CC 39142 137 15 instruments instrument NNS 39142 137 16 of of IN 39142 137 17 accurate accurate JJ 39142 137 18 observation observation NN 39142 137 19 , , , 39142 137 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 137 21 work work NN 39142 137 22 culminating culminate VBG 39142 137 23 in in IN 39142 137 24 the the DT 39142 137 25 measure measure NN 39142 137 26 of of IN 39142 137 27 the the DT 39142 137 28 distance distance NN 39142 137 29 of of IN 39142 137 30 61 61 CD 39142 137 31 Cygni Cygni NNP 39142 137 32 , , , 39142 137 33 first first RB 39142 137 34 of of IN 39142 137 35 all all PDT 39142 137 36 the the DT 39142 137 37 stars star NNS 39142 137 38 whose whose WP$ 39142 137 39 distance distance NN 39142 137 40 from from IN 39142 137 41 the the DT 39142 137 42 sun sun NN 39142 137 43 became become VBD 39142 137 44 known known JJ 39142 137 45 . . . 39142 138 1 Wonderful wonderful JJ 39142 138 2 as as IN 39142 138 3 was be VBD 39142 138 4 this this DT 39142 138 5 achievement achievement NN 39142 138 6 , , , 39142 138 7 however however RB 39142 138 8 , , , 39142 138 9 a a DT 39142 138 10 greater great JJR 39142 138 11 marvel marvel NN 39142 138 12 still still RB 39142 138 13 was be VBD 39142 138 14 announced announce VBN 39142 138 15 just just RB 39142 138 16 before before IN 39142 138 17 the the DT 39142 138 18 middle middle NN 39142 138 19 of of IN 39142 138 20 the the DT 39142 138 21 century century NN 39142 138 22 -- -- : 39142 138 23 a a DT 39142 138 24 new new JJ 39142 138 25 planet planet NN 39142 138 26 far far RB 39142 138 27 beyond beyond IN 39142 138 28 Uranus Uranus NNP 39142 138 29 , , , 39142 138 30 whose whose WP$ 39142 138 31 discovery discovery NN 39142 138 32 was be VBD 39142 138 33 made make VBN 39142 138 34 as as IN 39142 138 35 a a DT 39142 138 36 direct direct JJ 39142 138 37 result result NN 39142 138 38 of of IN 39142 138 39 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 138 40 researches research NNS 39142 138 41 by by IN 39142 138 42 Adams Adams NNP 39142 138 43 and and CC 39142 138 44 Le Le NNP 39142 138 45 Verrier Verrier NNP 39142 138 46 , , , 39142 138 47 and and CC 39142 138 48 affording afford VBG 39142 138 49 an an DT 39142 138 50 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 39142 138 51 verification verification NN 39142 138 52 of of IN 39142 138 53 the the DT 39142 138 54 great great JJ 39142 138 55 Newtonian newtonian JJ 39142 138 56 law law NN 39142 138 57 . . . 39142 139 1 These these DT 39142 139 2 were be VBD 39142 139 3 the the DT 39142 139 4 days day NNS 39142 139 5 of of IN 39142 139 6 great great JJ 39142 139 7 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 139 8 , , , 39142 139 9 and and CC 39142 139 10 about about IN 39142 139 11 this this DT 39142 139 12 time time NN 39142 139 13 the the DT 39142 139 14 giant giant NN 39142 139 15 of of IN 39142 139 16 all all PDT 39142 139 17 the the DT 39142 139 18 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 139 19 tools tool NNS 39142 139 20 of of IN 39142 139 21 the the DT 39142 139 22 century century NN 39142 139 23 was be VBD 39142 139 24 erected erect VBN 39142 139 25 by by IN 39142 139 26 Lord Lord NNP 39142 139 27 Rosse Rosse NNP 39142 139 28 , , , 39142 139 29 the the DT 39142 139 30 " " `` 39142 139 31 Leviathan Leviathan NNP 39142 139 32 " " '' 39142 139 33 reflector reflector NN 39142 139 34 with with IN 39142 139 35 a a DT 39142 139 36 speculum speculum NN 39142 139 37 six six CD 39142 139 38 feet foot NNS 39142 139 39 in in IN 39142 139 40 diameter diameter NN 39142 139 41 , , , 39142 139 42 which which WDT 39142 139 43 remained remain VBD 39142 139 44 for for IN 39142 139 45 more more JJR 39142 139 46 than than IN 39142 139 47 half half PDT 39142 139 48 a a DT 39142 139 49 century century NN 39142 139 50 the the DT 39142 139 51 greatest great JJS 39142 139 52 telescope telescope NN 39142 139 53 in in IN 39142 139 54 the the DT 39142 139 55 world world NN 39142 139 56 , , , 39142 139 57 and and CC 39142 139 58 whose whose WP$ 39142 139 59 epochal epochal NN 39142 139 60 discovery discovery NN 39142 139 61 of of IN 39142 139 62 spiral spiral JJ 39142 139 63 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 139 64 has have VBZ 39142 139 65 greater great JJR 39142 139 66 significance significance NN 39142 139 67 than than IN 39142 139 68 we -PRON- PRP 39142 139 69 yet yet RB 39142 139 70 know know VBP 39142 139 71 or or CC 39142 139 72 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 139 73 even even RB 39142 139 74 surmise surmise VB 39142 139 75 . . . 39142 140 1 The the DT 39142 140 2 living living NN 39142 140 3 science science NN 39142 140 4 was be VBD 39142 140 5 now now RB 39142 140 6 at at IN 39142 140 7 the the DT 39142 140 8 height height NN 39142 140 9 of of IN 39142 140 10 a a DT 39142 140 11 vigorous vigorous JJ 39142 140 12 development development NN 39142 140 13 , , , 39142 140 14 when when WRB 39142 140 15 a a DT 39142 140 16 revolutionary revolutionary JJ 39142 140 17 discovery discovery NN 39142 140 18 was be VBD 39142 140 19 announced announce VBN 39142 140 20 by by IN 39142 140 21 Kirchhoff Kirchhoff NNP 39142 140 22 which which WDT 39142 140 23 had have VBD 39142 140 24 been be VBN 39142 140 25 hanging hang VBG 39142 140 26 fire fire NN 39142 140 27 nearly nearly RB 39142 140 28 half half PDT 39142 140 29 a a DT 39142 140 30 century century NN 39142 140 31 -- -- : 39142 140 32 the the DT 39142 140 33 half half JJ 39142 140 34 century century NN 39142 140 35 , , , 39142 140 36 too too RB 39142 140 37 , , , 39142 140 38 which which WDT 39142 140 39 had have VBD 39142 140 40 witnessed witness VBN 39142 140 41 the the DT 39142 140 42 invention invention NN 39142 140 43 of of IN 39142 140 44 photography photography NN 39142 140 45 , , , 39142 140 46 the the DT 39142 140 47 steam steam NN 39142 140 48 engine engine NN 39142 140 49 , , , 39142 140 50 the the DT 39142 140 51 railroad railroad NN 39142 140 52 , , , 39142 140 53 and and CC 39142 140 54 the the DT 39142 140 55 telegraph telegraph NN 39142 140 56 : : : 39142 140 57 three three CD 39142 140 58 simple simple JJ 39142 140 59 laws law NNS 39142 140 60 by by IN 39142 140 61 which which WDT 39142 140 62 the the DT 39142 140 63 dark dark JJ 39142 140 64 absorption absorption NN 39142 140 65 lines line NNS 39142 140 66 of of IN 39142 140 67 a a DT 39142 140 68 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 140 69 are be VBP 39142 140 70 interpreted interpret VBN 39142 140 71 , , , 39142 140 72 and and CC 39142 140 73 the the DT 39142 140 74 physical physical JJ 39142 140 75 and and CC 39142 140 76 chemical chemical NN 39142 140 77 constitution constitution NN 39142 140 78 of of IN 39142 140 79 sun sun NNP 39142 140 80 and and CC 39142 140 81 stars star NNS 39142 140 82 ascertained ascertain VBN 39142 140 83 , , , 39142 140 84 no no RB 39142 140 85 matter matter RB 39142 140 86 what what WP 39142 140 87 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 140 88 distance distance NN 39142 140 89 from from IN 39142 140 90 us -PRON- PRP 39142 140 91 . . . 39142 141 1 Huggins Huggins NNP 39142 141 2 in in IN 39142 141 3 England England NNP 39142 141 4 and and CC 39142 141 5 Secchi Secchi NNP 39142 141 6 in in IN 39142 141 7 Italy Italy NNP 39142 141 8 were be VBD 39142 141 9 quick quick JJ 39142 141 10 to to TO 39142 141 11 apply apply VB 39142 141 12 the the DT 39142 141 13 discovery discovery NN 39142 141 14 to to IN 39142 141 15 the the DT 39142 141 16 stars star NNS 39142 141 17 , , , 39142 141 18 and and CC 39142 141 19 Draper Draper NNP 39142 141 20 and and CC 39142 141 21 Pickering Pickering NNP 39142 141 22 by by IN 39142 141 23 masterly masterly NNP 39142 141 24 organization organization NN 39142 141 25 have have VBP 39142 141 26 photographed photograph VBN 39142 141 27 and and CC 39142 141 28 classified classify VBN 39142 141 29 the the DT 39142 141 30 spectra spectra NN 39142 141 31 of of IN 39142 141 32 many many JJ 39142 141 33 hundred hundred CD 39142 141 34 thousand thousand CD 39142 141 35 stars star NNS 39142 141 36 of of IN 39142 141 37 both both DT 39142 141 38 hemispheres hemisphere NNS 39142 141 39 , , , 39142 141 40 a a DT 39142 141 41 research research NN 39142 141 42 of of IN 39142 141 43 the the DT 39142 141 44 highest high JJS 39142 141 45 importance importance NN 39142 141 46 which which WDT 39142 141 47 has have VBZ 39142 141 48 proved prove VBN 39142 141 49 of of IN 39142 141 50 unique unique JJ 39142 141 51 service service NN 39142 141 52 in in IN 39142 141 53 studies study NNS 39142 141 54 of of IN 39142 141 55 stellar stellar JJ 39142 141 56 movements movement NNS 39142 141 57 and and CC 39142 141 58 the the DT 39142 141 59 structure structure NN 39142 141 60 of of IN 39142 141 61 the the DT 39142 141 62 universe universe NN 39142 141 63 by by IN 39142 141 64 Eddington Eddington NNP 39142 141 65 and and CC 39142 141 66 Shapley Shapley NNP 39142 141 67 , , , 39142 141 68 Campbell Campbell NNP 39142 141 69 and and CC 39142 141 70 Kapteyn Kapteyn NNP 39142 141 71 , , , 39142 141 72 with with IN 39142 141 73 many many JJ 39142 141 74 others other NNS 39142 141 75 who who WP 39142 141 76 are be VBP 39142 141 77 still still RB 39142 141 78 engaged engage VBN 39142 141 79 in in IN 39142 141 80 pushing push VBG 39142 141 81 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 141 82 knowledge knowledge NN 39142 141 83 far far RB 39142 141 84 beyond beyond IN 39142 141 85 the the DT 39142 141 86 former former JJ 39142 141 87 confines confine NNS 39142 141 88 of of IN 39142 141 89 the the DT 39142 141 90 universe universe NN 39142 141 91 . . . 39142 142 1 Few few JJ 39142 142 2 are be VBP 39142 142 3 the the DT 39142 142 4 branches branch NNS 39142 142 5 of of IN 39142 142 6 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 142 7 that that WDT 39142 142 8 have have VBP 39142 142 9 not not RB 39142 142 10 been be VBN 39142 142 11 modified modify VBN 39142 142 12 by by IN 39142 142 13 photography photography NN 39142 142 14 and and CC 39142 142 15 the the DT 39142 142 16 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 142 17 . . . 39142 143 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 143 2 has have VBZ 39142 143 3 become become VBN 39142 143 4 a a DT 39142 143 5 measuring measure VBG 39142 143 6 tool tool NN 39142 143 7 of of IN 39142 143 8 the the DT 39142 143 9 first first JJ 39142 143 10 order order NN 39142 143 11 of of IN 39142 143 12 accuracy accuracy NN 39142 143 13 ; ; , 39142 143 14 measuring measure VBG 39142 143 15 the the DT 39142 143 16 speed speed NN 39142 143 17 of of IN 39142 143 18 stars star NNS 39142 143 19 and and CC 39142 143 20 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 143 21 toward toward IN 39142 143 22 and and CC 39142 143 23 from from IN 39142 143 24 us -PRON- PRP 39142 143 25 ; ; : 39142 143 26 measuring measure VBG 39142 143 27 the the DT 39142 143 28 rotational rotational JJ 39142 143 29 speed speed NN 39142 143 30 of of IN 39142 143 31 sun sun NN 39142 143 32 and and CC 39142 143 33 planets planet NNS 39142 143 34 , , , 39142 143 35 corona corona NN 39142 143 36 and and CC 39142 143 37 Saturnian saturnian JJ 39142 143 38 ring ring NN 39142 143 39 ; ; : 39142 143 40 measuring measure VBG 39142 143 41 the the DT 39142 143 42 distances distance NNS 39142 143 43 of of IN 39142 143 44 whole whole JJ 39142 143 45 classes class NNS 39142 143 46 of of IN 39142 143 47 stars star NNS 39142 143 48 from from IN 39142 143 49 the the DT 39142 143 50 solar solar JJ 39142 143 51 system system NN 39142 143 52 ; ; : 39142 143 53 measuring measure VBG 39142 143 54 afresh afresh RB 39142 143 55 even even RB 39142 143 56 the the DT 39142 143 57 distance distance NN 39142 143 58 of of IN 39142 143 59 the the DT 39142 143 60 sun sun NN 39142 143 61 -- -- : 39142 143 62 the the DT 39142 143 63 yardstick yardstick NN 39142 143 64 of of IN 39142 143 65 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 143 66 immediate immediate JJ 39142 143 67 universe universe NN 39142 143 68 ; ; , 39142 143 69 measuring measure VBG 39142 143 70 the the DT 39142 143 71 drift drift NN 39142 143 72 of of IN 39142 143 73 the the DT 39142 143 74 sun sun NN 39142 143 75 with with IN 39142 143 76 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 143 77 entire entire JJ 39142 143 78 family family NN 39142 143 79 of of IN 39142 143 80 planets planet NNS 39142 143 81 twelve twelve CD 39142 143 82 miles mile NNS 39142 143 83 every every DT 39142 143 84 second second NN 39142 143 85 in in IN 39142 143 86 the the DT 39142 143 87 direction direction NN 39142 143 88 of of IN 39142 143 89 Alpha Alpha NNP 39142 143 90 Lyræ Lyræ NNP 39142 143 91 ; ; : 39142 143 92 and and CC 39142 143 93 discovering discover VBG 39142 143 94 and and CC 39142 143 95 measuring measure VBG 39142 143 96 the the DT 39142 143 97 speed speed NN 39142 143 98 of of IN 39142 143 99 binary binary JJ 39142 143 100 suns sun NNS 39142 143 101 too too RB 39142 143 102 close close JJ 39142 143 103 together together RB 39142 143 104 for for IN 39142 143 105 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 143 106 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 143 107 , , , 39142 143 108 and and CC 39142 143 109 so so RB 39142 143 110 making make VBG 39142 143 111 real real JJ 39142 143 112 the the DT 39142 143 113 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 143 114 of of IN 39142 143 115 the the DT 39142 143 116 invisible invisible JJ 39142 143 117 . . . 39142 144 1 Impatient impatient NN 39142 144 2 of of IN 39142 144 3 the the DT 39142 144 4 handicap handicap NN 39142 144 5 of of IN 39142 144 6 a a DT 39142 144 7 turbulent turbulent JJ 39142 144 8 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 144 9 , , , 39142 144 10 the the DT 39142 144 11 living live VBG 39142 144 12 science science NN 39142 144 13 has have VBZ 39142 144 14 sought seek VBN 39142 144 15 out out RP 39142 144 16 mountain mountain NN 39142 144 17 tops top NNS 39142 144 18 and and CC 39142 144 19 there there RB 39142 144 20 erected erect VBN 39142 144 21 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 144 22 vastly vastly RB 39142 144 23 greater great JJR 39142 144 24 than than IN 39142 144 25 the the DT 39142 144 26 " " `` 39142 144 27 Leviathan Leviathan NNP 39142 144 28 " " '' 39142 144 29 of of IN 39142 144 30 a a DT 39142 144 31 past past JJ 39142 144 32 century century NN 39142 144 33 . . . 39142 145 1 There there RB 39142 145 2 the the DT 39142 145 3 sun sun NN 39142 145 4 in in IN 39142 145 5 every every DT 39142 145 6 detail detail NN 39142 145 7 of of IN 39142 145 8 disk disk NN 39142 145 9 and and CC 39142 145 10 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 145 11 is be VBZ 39142 145 12 photographed photograph VBN 39142 145 13 by by IN 39142 145 14 day day NN 39142 145 15 , , , 39142 145 16 and and CC 39142 145 17 stars star VBZ 39142 145 18 with with IN 39142 145 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 145 20 spectra spectra NN 39142 145 21 and and CC 39142 145 22 the the DT 39142 145 23 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 145 24 by by IN 39142 145 25 night night NN 39142 145 26 . . . 39142 146 1 Great great JJ 39142 146 2 streams stream NNS 39142 146 3 of of IN 39142 146 4 stars star NNS 39142 146 5 are be VBP 39142 146 6 discovered discover VBN 39142 146 7 and and CC 39142 146 8 the the DT 39142 146 9 speed speed NN 39142 146 10 and and CC 39142 146 11 direction direction NN 39142 146 12 of of IN 39142 146 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 146 14 drift drift NN 39142 146 15 ascertained ascertain VBN 39142 146 16 . . . 39142 147 1 The the DT 39142 147 2 marvels marvel NNS 39142 147 3 of of IN 39142 147 4 the the DT 39142 147 5 spiral spiral JJ 39142 147 6 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 147 7 are be VBP 39142 147 8 unfolded unfold VBN 39142 147 9 , , , 39142 147 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 147 11 multitudinous multitudinous JJ 39142 147 12 forms form NNS 39142 147 13 portrayed portray VBN 39142 147 14 and and CC 39142 147 15 deciphered decipher VBD 39142 147 16 . . . 39142 148 1 And and CC 39142 148 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 148 3 distances distance NNS 39142 148 4 ? ? . 39142 149 1 And and CC 39142 149 2 the the DT 39142 149 3 distances distance NNS 39142 149 4 of of IN 39142 149 5 the the DT 39142 149 6 still still RB 39142 149 7 more more RBR 39142 149 8 wonderful wonderful JJ 39142 149 9 clusters cluster NNS 39142 149 10 ? ? . 39142 150 1 Far far RB 39142 150 2 , , , 39142 150 3 inconceivably inconceivably RB 39142 150 4 far far RB 39142 150 5 beyond beyond IN 39142 150 6 the the DT 39142 150 7 Milky Milky NNP 39142 150 8 Way Way NNP 39142 150 9 . . . 39142 151 1 And and CC 39142 151 2 are be VBP 39142 151 3 they -PRON- PRP 39142 151 4 " " `` 39142 151 5 island island NN 39142 151 6 universes universe NNS 39142 151 7 " " '' 39142 151 8 ? ? . 39142 152 1 And and CC 39142 152 2 can can MD 39142 152 3 man man VB 39142 152 4 , , , 39142 152 5 the the DT 39142 152 6 measurer measurer NN 39142 152 7 , , , 39142 152 8 measure measure VB 39142 152 9 the the DT 39142 152 10 distance distance NN 39142 152 11 of of IN 39142 152 12 the the DT 39142 152 13 " " `` 39142 152 14 mainland mainland NN 39142 152 15 " " '' 39142 152 16 beyond beyond RB 39142 152 17 ? ? . 39142 153 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39142 153 2 II II NNP 39142 153 3 THE the DT 39142 153 4 FIRST first JJ 39142 153 5 ASTRONOMERS astronomer NNS 39142 153 6 Who who WP 39142 153 7 were be VBD 39142 153 8 the the DT 39142 153 9 first first JJ 39142 153 10 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 153 11 ? ? . 39142 154 1 And and CC 39142 154 2 who who WP 39142 154 3 wrote write VBD 39142 154 4 the the DT 39142 154 5 first first JJ 39142 154 6 treatise treatise NN 39142 154 7 on on IN 39142 154 8 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 154 9 , , , 39142 154 10 oldest old JJS 39142 154 11 of of IN 39142 154 12 the the DT 39142 154 13 sciences science NNS 39142 154 14 ? ? . 39142 155 1 Questions question NNS 39142 155 2 not not RB 39142 155 3 easy easy JJ 39142 155 4 to to TO 39142 155 5 answer answer VB 39142 155 6 in in IN 39142 155 7 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 155 8 day day NN 39142 155 9 . . . 39142 156 1 With with IN 39142 156 2 the the DT 39142 156 3 progress progress NN 39142 156 4 of of IN 39142 156 5 archæological archæological JJ 39142 156 6 research research NN 39142 156 7 , , , 39142 156 8 or or CC 39142 156 9 inquiry inquiry NN 39142 156 10 into into IN 39142 156 11 the the DT 39142 156 12 civilization civilization NN 39142 156 13 and and CC 39142 156 14 monuments monument NNS 39142 156 15 of of IN 39142 156 16 early early JJ 39142 156 17 peoples people NNS 39142 156 18 , , , 39142 156 19 it -PRON- PRP 39142 156 20 becomes become VBZ 39142 156 21 certain certain JJ 39142 156 22 that that DT 39142 156 23 man man NN 39142 156 24 has have VBZ 39142 156 25 lived live VBN 39142 156 26 on on IN 39142 156 27 this this DT 39142 156 28 planet planet NN 39142 156 29 earth earth NN 39142 156 30 for for IN 39142 156 31 tens ten NNS 39142 156 32 of of IN 39142 156 33 thousands thousand NNS 39142 156 34 of of IN 39142 156 35 years year NNS 39142 156 36 in in IN 39142 156 37 the the DT 39142 156 38 past past NN 39142 156 39 as as IN 39142 156 40 an an DT 39142 156 41 intelligent intelligent JJ 39142 156 42 , , , 39142 156 43 observing observing JJ 39142 156 44 , , , 39142 156 45 intellectual intellectual JJ 39142 156 46 being being NN 39142 156 47 ; ; : 39142 156 48 and and CC 39142 156 49 it -PRON- PRP 39142 156 50 is be VBZ 39142 156 51 impossible impossible JJ 39142 156 52 to to TO 39142 156 53 assign assign VB 39142 156 54 any any DT 39142 156 55 time time NN 39142 156 56 so so RB 39142 156 57 remote remote JJ 39142 156 58 that that IN 39142 156 59 he -PRON- PRP 39142 156 60 did do VBD 39142 156 61 not not RB 39142 156 62 observe observe VB 39142 156 63 and and CC 39142 156 64 philosophize philosophize VB 39142 156 65 upon upon IN 39142 156 66 the the DT 39142 156 67 firmament firmament NN 39142 156 68 above above RB 39142 156 69 . . . 39142 157 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 157 2 can can MD 39142 157 3 hardly hardly RB 39142 157 4 imagine imagine VB 39142 157 5 a a DT 39142 157 6 people people NNS 39142 157 7 so so RB 39142 157 8 primitive primitive JJ 39142 157 9 that that IN 39142 157 10 they -PRON- PRP 39142 157 11 would would MD 39142 157 12 fail fail VB 39142 157 13 to to TO 39142 157 14 regard regard VB 39142 157 15 the the DT 39142 157 16 sun sun NN 39142 157 17 as as IN 39142 157 18 " " `` 39142 157 19 Lord Lord NNP 39142 157 20 of of IN 39142 157 21 the the DT 39142 157 22 Day day NN 39142 157 23 , , , 39142 157 24 " " '' 39142 157 25 and and CC 39142 157 26 therefore therefore RB 39142 157 27 all all DT 39142 157 28 important important JJ 39142 157 29 in in IN 39142 157 30 the the DT 39142 157 31 scheme scheme NN 39142 157 32 of of IN 39142 157 33 things thing NNS 39142 157 34 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 39142 157 35 . . . 39142 158 1 Says say VBZ 39142 158 2 Anne Anne NNP 39142 158 3 Bradstreet Bradstreet NNP 39142 158 4 of of IN 39142 158 5 the the DT 39142 158 6 sun sun NN 39142 158 7 in in IN 39142 158 8 her -PRON- PRP$ 39142 158 9 " " `` 39142 158 10 Contemplations contemplation NNS 39142 158 11 " " '' 39142 158 12 : : : 39142 158 13 What what WDT 39142 158 14 glory glory NN 39142 158 15 's be VBZ 39142 158 16 like like JJ 39142 158 17 to to IN 39142 158 18 thee thee PRP 39142 158 19 ? ? . 39142 159 1 Soul soul NN 39142 159 2 of of IN 39142 159 3 this this DT 39142 159 4 world world NN 39142 159 5 , , , 39142 159 6 this this DT 39142 159 7 universe universe NN 39142 159 8 's 's POS 39142 159 9 eye eye NN 39142 159 10 , , , 39142 159 11 No no DT 39142 159 12 wonder wonder NN 39142 159 13 some some DT 39142 159 14 made make VBD 39142 159 15 thee thee JJ 39142 159 16 deity deity NN 39142 159 17 . . . 39142 160 1 To to IN 39142 160 2 the the DT 39142 160 3 Babylonians Babylonians NNPS 39142 160 4 belongs belong VBZ 39142 160 5 the the DT 39142 160 6 credit credit NN 39142 160 7 of of IN 39142 160 8 the the DT 39142 160 9 oldest old JJS 39142 160 10 known know VBN 39142 160 11 work work NN 39142 160 12 on on IN 39142 160 13 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 160 14 . . . 39142 161 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 161 2 was be VBD 39142 161 3 written write VBN 39142 161 4 nearly nearly RB 39142 161 5 six six CD 39142 161 6 thousand thousand CD 39142 161 7 years year NNS 39142 161 8 ago ago RB 39142 161 9 , , , 39142 161 10 about about IN 39142 161 11 B. B. NNP 39142 161 12 C. C. NNP 39142 161 13 3800 3800 CD 39142 161 14 , , , 39142 161 15 by by IN 39142 161 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 161 17 monarch monarch NN 39142 161 18 Sargon Sargon NNP 39142 161 19 the the DT 39142 161 20 First First NNP 39142 161 21 , , , 39142 161 22 King King NNP 39142 161 23 of of IN 39142 161 24 Agade Agade NNP 39142 161 25 . . . 39142 162 1 Only only RB 39142 162 2 the the DT 39142 162 3 merest mere JJS 39142 162 4 fragments fragment NNS 39142 162 5 of of IN 39142 162 6 this this DT 39142 162 7 historic historic JJ 39142 162 8 treatise treatise NN 39142 162 9 have have VBP 39142 162 10 survived survive VBN 39142 162 11 , , , 39142 162 12 and and CC 39142 162 13 they -PRON- PRP 39142 162 14 indicate indicate VBP 39142 162 15 the the DT 39142 162 16 reverence reverence NN 39142 162 17 of of IN 39142 162 18 the the DT 39142 162 19 Babylonians Babylonians NNPS 39142 162 20 for for IN 39142 162 21 the the DT 39142 162 22 sun sun NN 39142 162 23 . . . 39142 163 1 Another another DT 39142 163 2 work work NN 39142 163 3 by by IN 39142 163 4 Sargon Sargon NNP 39142 163 5 is be VBZ 39142 163 6 entitled entitle VBN 39142 163 7 " " `` 39142 163 8 Omens Omens NNP 39142 163 9 , , , 39142 163 10 " " '' 39142 163 11 which which WDT 39142 163 12 shows show VBZ 39142 163 13 the the DT 39142 163 14 intimate intimate JJ 39142 163 15 relationship relationship NN 39142 163 16 of of IN 39142 163 17 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 163 18 to to IN 39142 163 19 mysticism mysticism NN 39142 163 20 and and CC 39142 163 21 superstitious superstitious JJ 39142 163 22 worship worship NN 39142 163 23 at at IN 39142 163 24 this this DT 39142 163 25 early early JJ 39142 163 26 date date NN 39142 163 27 , , , 39142 163 28 and and CC 39142 163 29 which which WDT 39142 163 30 persists persist VBZ 39142 163 31 even even RB 39142 163 32 at at IN 39142 163 33 the the DT 39142 163 34 present present JJ 39142 163 35 day day NN 39142 163 36 . . . 39142 164 1 As as RB 39142 164 2 remotely remotely RB 39142 164 3 as as IN 39142 164 4 B. B. NNP 39142 164 5 C. C. NNP 39142 164 6 3000 3000 CD 39142 164 7 , , , 39142 164 8 the the DT 39142 164 9 sun sun NN 39142 164 10 - - HYPH 39142 164 11 god god NNP 39142 164 12 Shamash Shamash NNP 39142 164 13 and and CC 39142 164 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 164 15 wife wife NN 39142 164 16 Aya Aya NNP 39142 164 17 are be VBP 39142 164 18 carved carve VBN 39142 164 19 upon upon IN 39142 164 20 the the DT 39142 164 21 historic historic JJ 39142 164 22 cylinders cylinder NNS 39142 164 23 of of IN 39142 164 24 hematite hematite NN 39142 164 25 and and CC 39142 164 26 lapis lapis NN 39142 164 27 lazuli lazuli NNS 39142 164 28 , , , 39142 164 29 and and CC 39142 164 30 one one CD 39142 164 31 of of IN 39142 164 32 the the DT 39142 164 33 oldest old JJS 39142 164 34 designs design NNS 39142 164 35 on on IN 39142 164 36 these these DT 39142 164 37 cylinders cylinder NNS 39142 164 38 represents represent VBZ 39142 164 39 the the DT 39142 164 40 sun sun NN 39142 164 41 - - HYPH 39142 164 42 god god NNP 39142 164 43 coming come VBG 39142 164 44 out out IN 39142 164 45 of of IN 39142 164 46 the the DT 39142 164 47 Door Door NNP 39142 164 48 of of IN 39142 164 49 Sunrise Sunrise NNP 39142 164 50 , , , 39142 164 51 while while IN 39142 164 52 a a DT 39142 164 53 porter porter NN 39142 164 54 is be VBZ 39142 164 55 opening open VBG 39142 164 56 the the DT 39142 164 57 Gate Gate NNP 39142 164 58 of of IN 39142 164 59 the the DT 39142 164 60 East East NNP 39142 164 61 . . . 39142 165 1 The the DT 39142 165 2 Semitic semitic JJ 39142 165 3 religion religion NN 39142 165 4 had have VBD 39142 165 5 as as IN 39142 165 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 165 7 basis basis NN 39142 165 8 a a DT 39142 165 9 reverence reverence NN 39142 165 10 for for IN 39142 165 11 the the DT 39142 165 12 bodies body NNS 39142 165 13 of of IN 39142 165 14 the the DT 39142 165 15 sky sky NN 39142 165 16 ; ; : 39142 165 17 and and CC 39142 165 18 Samson Samson NNP 39142 165 19 , , , 39142 165 20 Hebrew Hebrew NNP 39142 165 21 for for IN 39142 165 22 sun sun NN 39142 165 23 , , , 39142 165 24 was be VBD 39142 165 25 probably probably RB 39142 165 26 the the DT 39142 165 27 sun sun NN 39142 165 28 - - HYPH 39142 165 29 god god NNP 39142 165 30 of of IN 39142 165 31 the the DT 39142 165 32 Hebrews Hebrews NNPS 39142 165 33 . . . 39142 166 1 The the DT 39142 166 2 Phoenician phoenician JJ 39142 166 3 deity deity NN 39142 166 4 , , , 39142 166 5 Baal Baal NNP 39142 166 6 , , , 39142 166 7 was be VBD 39142 166 8 a a DT 39142 166 9 sun sun NN 39142 166 10 - - HYPH 39142 166 11 god god NNP 39142 166 12 under under IN 39142 166 13 differing differ VBG 39142 166 14 designations designation NNS 39142 166 15 ; ; : 39142 166 16 and and CC 39142 166 17 at at IN 39142 166 18 the the DT 39142 166 19 epoch epoch NN 39142 166 20 of of IN 39142 166 21 the the DT 39142 166 22 Shepherd Shepherd NNP 39142 166 23 Kings Kings NNPS 39142 166 24 , , , 39142 166 25 about about IN 39142 166 26 B. B. NNP 39142 166 27 C. C. NNP 39142 166 28 1500 1500 CD 39142 166 29 , , , 39142 166 30 during during IN 39142 166 31 the the DT 39142 166 32 Hyksos Hyksos NNP 39142 166 33 dynasty dynasty NN 39142 166 34 , , , 39142 166 35 the the DT 39142 166 36 sun sun NNP 39142 166 37 - - HYPH 39142 166 38 god god NNP 39142 166 39 was be VBD 39142 166 40 represented represent VBN 39142 166 41 by by IN 39142 166 42 a a DT 39142 166 43 circle circle NN 39142 166 44 or or CC 39142 166 45 disk disk NN 39142 166 46 with with IN 39142 166 47 extended extended JJ 39142 166 48 rays ray NNS 39142 166 49 ending end VBG 39142 166 50 in in IN 39142 166 51 hands hand NNS 39142 166 52 , , , 39142 166 53 possibly possibly RB 39142 166 54 the the DT 39142 166 55 precursor precursor NN 39142 166 56 of of IN 39142 166 57 the the DT 39142 166 58 frequently frequently RB 39142 166 59 recurring recur VBG 39142 166 60 Egyptian egyptian JJ 39142 166 61 design design NN 39142 166 62 of of IN 39142 166 63 the the DT 39142 166 64 winged wing VBN 39142 166 65 disk disk NN 39142 166 66 or or CC 39142 166 67 winged wing VBD 39142 166 68 solar solar JJ 39142 166 69 globe globe NN 39142 166 70 . . . 39142 167 1 Hittites hittite NNS 39142 167 2 , , , 39142 167 3 Persians Persians NNPS 39142 167 4 , , , 39142 167 5 and and CC 39142 167 6 Assyrians Assyrians NNPS 39142 167 7 , , , 39142 167 8 as as RB 39142 167 9 well well RB 39142 167 10 as as IN 39142 167 11 the the DT 39142 167 12 Phoenicians Phoenicians NNPS 39142 167 13 , , , 39142 167 14 frequently frequently RB 39142 167 15 represented represent VBD 39142 167 16 the the DT 39142 167 17 sun sun NN 39142 167 18 - - HYPH 39142 167 19 god god NNP 39142 167 20 in in IN 39142 167 21 similar similar JJ 39142 167 22 fashion fashion NN 39142 167 23 in in IN 39142 167 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 167 25 sacred sacred JJ 39142 167 26 glyphs glyph NNS 39142 167 27 or or CC 39142 167 28 carvings carving NNS 39142 167 29 . . . 39142 168 1 For for IN 39142 168 2 a a DT 39142 168 3 long long JJ 39142 168 4 period period NN 39142 168 5 in in IN 39142 168 6 early early JJ 39142 168 7 human human JJ 39142 168 8 history history NN 39142 168 9 , , , 39142 168 10 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 168 11 and and CC 39142 168 12 astrology astrology NN 39142 168 13 were be VBD 39142 168 14 pretty pretty RB 39142 168 15 much much RB 39142 168 16 the the DT 39142 168 17 same same JJ 39142 168 18 . . . 39142 169 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 169 2 can can MD 39142 169 3 trace trace VB 39142 169 4 the the DT 39142 169 5 history history NN 39142 169 6 of of IN 39142 169 7 astrology astrology NN 39142 169 8 back back RB 39142 169 9 as as RB 39142 169 10 far far RB 39142 169 11 as as IN 39142 169 12 B. B. NNP 39142 169 13 C. C. NNP 39142 169 14 3000 3000 CD 39142 169 15 in in IN 39142 169 16 ancient ancient JJ 39142 169 17 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 39142 169 18 . . . 39142 170 1 The the DT 39142 170 2 motions motion NNS 39142 170 3 of of IN 39142 170 4 the the DT 39142 170 5 sun sun NN 39142 170 6 , , , 39142 170 7 moon moon NN 39142 170 8 , , , 39142 170 9 and and CC 39142 170 10 the the DT 39142 170 11 five five CD 39142 170 12 lucid lucid JJ 39142 170 13 planets planet NNS 39142 170 14 of of IN 39142 170 15 that that DT 39142 170 16 time time NN 39142 170 17 indicated indicate VBD 39142 170 18 the the DT 39142 170 19 activity activity NN 39142 170 20 of of IN 39142 170 21 the the DT 39142 170 22 various various JJ 39142 170 23 gods god NNS 39142 170 24 who who WP 39142 170 25 influenced influence VBD 39142 170 26 human human JJ 39142 170 27 affairs affair NNS 39142 170 28 . . . 39142 171 1 So so RB 39142 171 2 the the DT 39142 171 3 Babylonian babylonian JJ 39142 171 4 priests priest NNS 39142 171 5 devised devise VBD 39142 171 6 an an DT 39142 171 7 elaborate elaborate JJ 39142 171 8 system system NN 39142 171 9 of of IN 39142 171 10 interpreting interpret VBG 39142 171 11 the the DT 39142 171 12 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 171 13 of of IN 39142 171 14 the the DT 39142 171 15 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 171 16 ; ; : 39142 171 17 and and CC 39142 171 18 attaching attach VBG 39142 171 19 the the DT 39142 171 20 proper proper JJ 39142 171 21 significance significance NN 39142 171 22 in in IN 39142 171 23 human human JJ 39142 171 24 terms term NNS 39142 171 25 to to IN 39142 171 26 everything everything NN 39142 171 27 that that WDT 39142 171 28 took take VBD 39142 171 29 place place NN 39142 171 30 in in IN 39142 171 31 the the DT 39142 171 32 sky sky NN 39142 171 33 . . . 39142 172 1 In in IN 39142 172 2 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 39142 172 3 and and CC 39142 172 4 Assyria Assyria NNP 39142 172 5 it -PRON- PRP 39142 172 6 was be VBD 39142 172 7 the the DT 39142 172 8 king king NN 39142 172 9 and and CC 39142 172 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 172 11 people people NNS 39142 172 12 for for IN 39142 172 13 whom whom WP 39142 172 14 the the DT 39142 172 15 prognostications prognostication NNS 39142 172 16 were be VBD 39142 172 17 made make VBN 39142 172 18 out out RP 39142 172 19 . . . 39142 173 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 173 2 was be VBD 39142 173 3 the the DT 39142 173 4 same same JJ 39142 173 5 in in IN 39142 173 6 Egypt Egypt NNP 39142 173 7 . . . 39142 174 1 Later later RB 39142 174 2 , , , 39142 174 3 about about IN 39142 174 4 the the DT 39142 174 5 fifth fifth JJ 39142 174 6 century century NN 39142 174 7 B. B. NNP 39142 174 8 C. C. NNP 39142 174 9 , , , 39142 174 10 astrology astrology NN 39142 174 11 spread spread VBD 39142 174 12 through through IN 39142 174 13 Greece Greece NNP 39142 174 14 , , , 39142 174 15 where where WRB 39142 174 16 astrologers astrologer NNS 39142 174 17 developed develop VBD 39142 174 18 the the DT 39142 174 19 idea idea NN 39142 174 20 of of IN 39142 174 21 the the DT 39142 174 22 influence influence NN 39142 174 23 of of IN 39142 174 24 planets planet NNS 39142 174 25 upon upon IN 39142 174 26 individual individual JJ 39142 174 27 concerns concern NNS 39142 174 28 . . . 39142 175 1 Astrology Astrology NNP 39142 175 2 persisted persist VBD 39142 175 3 through through IN 39142 175 4 the the DT 39142 175 5 Dark Dark NNP 39142 175 6 Ages Ages NNPS 39142 175 7 , , , 39142 175 8 and and CC 39142 175 9 the the DT 39142 175 10 great great JJ 39142 175 11 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 175 12 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 39142 175 13 , , , 39142 175 14 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 175 15 , , , 39142 175 16 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 175 17 , , , 39142 175 18 Gassendi Gassendi NNP 39142 175 19 , , , 39142 175 20 and and CC 39142 175 21 Huygens Huygens NNPS 39142 175 22 were be VBD 39142 175 23 all all DT 39142 175 24 astrologers astrologer NNS 39142 175 25 as as RB 39142 175 26 well well RB 39142 175 27 . . . 39142 176 1 Milton Milton NNP 39142 176 2 makes make VBZ 39142 176 3 many many JJ 39142 176 4 references reference NNS 39142 176 5 to to IN 39142 176 6 planetary planetary JJ 39142 176 7 influence influence NN 39142 176 8 , , , 39142 176 9 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 176 10 language language NN 39142 176 11 has have VBZ 39142 176 12 many many JJ 39142 176 13 words word NNS 39142 176 14 with with IN 39142 176 15 a a DT 39142 176 16 direct direct JJ 39142 176 17 origin origin NN 39142 176 18 in in IN 39142 176 19 astrology astrology NN 39142 176 20 , , , 39142 176 21 and and CC 39142 176 22 in in IN 39142 176 23 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 176 24 great great JJ 39142 176 25 cities city NNS 39142 176 26 to to IN 39142 176 27 - - HYPH 39142 176 28 day day NN 39142 176 29 are be VBP 39142 176 30 many many JJ 39142 176 31 astrologers astrologer NNS 39142 176 32 who who WP 39142 176 33 prepare prepare VBP 39142 176 34 individual individual JJ 39142 176 35 horoscopes horoscope NNS 39142 176 36 of of IN 39142 176 37 more more JJR 39142 176 38 than than IN 39142 176 39 ordinary ordinary JJ 39142 176 40 interest interest NN 39142 176 41 . . . 39142 177 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 177 2 is be VBZ 39142 177 3 difficult difficult JJ 39142 177 4 to to TO 39142 177 5 assign assign VB 39142 177 6 the the DT 39142 177 7 antiquity antiquity NN 39142 177 8 of of IN 39142 177 9 the the DT 39142 177 10 Chinese chinese JJ 39142 177 11 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 177 12 with with IN 39142 177 13 any any DT 39142 177 14 approach approach NN 39142 177 15 to to IN 39142 177 16 definiteness definiteness NN 39142 177 17 . . . 39142 178 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 178 2 earliest early JJS 39142 178 3 records record NNS 39142 178 4 appear appear VBP 39142 178 5 to to TO 39142 178 6 have have VB 39142 178 7 been be VBN 39142 178 8 total total JJ 39142 178 9 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 178 10 of of IN 39142 178 11 the the DT 39142 178 12 sun sun NN 39142 178 13 , , , 39142 178 14 going go VBG 39142 178 15 back back RB 39142 178 16 nearly nearly RB 39142 178 17 2,200 2,200 CD 39142 178 18 years year NNS 39142 178 19 before before IN 39142 178 20 the the DT 39142 178 21 Christian christian JJ 39142 178 22 era era NN 39142 178 23 ; ; : 39142 178 24 and and CC 39142 178 25 nearly nearly RB 39142 178 26 a a DT 39142 178 27 thousand thousand CD 39142 178 28 years year NNS 39142 178 29 earlier early RBR 39142 178 30 the the DT 39142 178 31 Hindu hindu JJ 39142 178 32 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 178 33 sets set VBZ 39142 178 34 down down RP 39142 178 35 a a DT 39142 178 36 conjunction conjunction NN 39142 178 37 of of IN 39142 178 38 all all PDT 39142 178 39 the the DT 39142 178 40 planets planet NNS 39142 178 41 , , , 39142 178 42 concerning concern VBG 39142 178 43 which which WDT 39142 178 44 , , , 39142 178 45 however however RB 39142 178 46 , , , 39142 178 47 there there EX 39142 178 48 is be VBZ 39142 178 49 doubt doubt NN 39142 178 50 whether whether IN 39142 178 51 it -PRON- PRP 39142 178 52 was be VBD 39142 178 53 actually actually RB 39142 178 54 observed observe VBN 39142 178 55 or or CC 39142 178 56 merely merely RB 39142 178 57 calculated calculate VBN 39142 178 58 backward backward RB 39142 178 59 . . . 39142 179 1 Owing owe VBG 39142 179 2 to to IN 39142 179 3 a a DT 39142 179 4 colossal colossal JJ 39142 179 5 misfortune misfortune NN 39142 179 6 , , , 39142 179 7 the the DT 39142 179 8 burning burning NN 39142 179 9 of of IN 39142 179 10 all all DT 39142 179 11 native native JJ 39142 179 12 scientific scientific JJ 39142 179 13 books book NNS 39142 179 14 by by IN 39142 179 15 order order NN 39142 179 16 of of IN 39142 179 17 the the DT 39142 179 18 Emperor Emperor NNP 39142 179 19 Tsin Tsin NNP 39142 179 20 - - HYPH 39142 179 21 Chi Chi NNP 39142 179 22 - - HYPH 39142 179 23 Hwang Hwang NNP 39142 179 24 - - HYPH 39142 179 25 Ti Ti NNP 39142 179 26 , , , 39142 179 27 in in IN 39142 179 28 B. B. NNP 39142 179 29 C. C. NNP 39142 179 30 221 221 CD 39142 179 31 , , , 39142 179 32 excepting except VBG 39142 179 33 only only RB 39142 179 34 the the DT 39142 179 35 volumes volume NNS 39142 179 36 relating relate VBG 39142 179 37 to to IN 39142 179 38 agriculture agriculture NN 39142 179 39 , , , 39142 179 40 medicine medicine NN 39142 179 41 , , , 39142 179 42 and and CC 39142 179 43 astrology astrology NN 39142 179 44 , , , 39142 179 45 the the DT 39142 179 46 Chinese Chinese NNPS 39142 179 47 lost lose VBD 39142 179 48 a a DT 39142 179 49 precious precious JJ 39142 179 50 mass mass NN 39142 179 51 of of IN 39142 179 52 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 179 53 learning learning NN 39142 179 54 , , , 39142 179 55 accumulated accumulate VBN 39142 179 56 through through IN 39142 179 57 the the DT 39142 179 58 ages age NNS 39142 179 59 . . . 39142 180 1 No no RB 39142 180 2 less less RBR 39142 180 3 an an DT 39142 180 4 authority authority NN 39142 180 5 than than IN 39142 180 6 Wells Wells NNP 39142 180 7 Williams Williams NNP 39142 180 8 credits credit VBZ 39142 180 9 them -PRON- PRP 39142 180 10 with with IN 39142 180 11 observing observe VBG 39142 180 12 600 600 CD 39142 180 13 solar solar JJ 39142 180 14 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 180 15 between between IN 39142 180 16 B. B. NNP 39142 180 17 C. C. NNP 39142 180 18 2159 2159 CD 39142 180 19 and and CC 39142 180 20 A. A. NNP 39142 180 21 D. D. NNP 39142 180 22 1223 1223 CD 39142 180 23 , , , 39142 180 24 and and CC 39142 180 25 there there EX 39142 180 26 must must MD 39142 180 27 have have VB 39142 180 28 been be VBN 39142 180 29 some some DT 39142 180 30 centuries century NNS 39142 180 31 of of IN 39142 180 32 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 180 33 observed observe VBN 39142 180 34 and and CC 39142 180 35 recorded record VBN 39142 180 36 anterior anterior NN 39142 180 37 to to IN 39142 180 38 B. B. NNP 39142 180 39 C. C. NNP 39142 180 40 2159 2159 CD 39142 180 41 , , , 39142 180 42 as as IN 39142 180 43 this this DT 39142 180 44 is be VBZ 39142 180 45 the the DT 39142 180 46 date date NN 39142 180 47 assigned assign VBN 39142 180 48 to to IN 39142 180 49 the the DT 39142 180 50 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 180 51 which which WDT 39142 180 52 came come VBD 39142 180 53 unheralded unheralded JJ 39142 180 54 by by IN 39142 180 55 the the DT 39142 180 56 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 180 57 royal royal JJ 39142 180 58 , , , 39142 180 59 Hi hi UH 39142 180 60 and and CC 39142 180 61 Ho Ho NNP 39142 180 62 , , , 39142 180 63 who who WP 39142 180 64 had have VBD 39142 180 65 become become VBN 39142 180 66 intoxicated intoxicate VBN 39142 180 67 and and CC 39142 180 68 forgot forget VBD 39142 180 69 to to TO 39142 180 70 warn warn VB 39142 180 71 the the DT 39142 180 72 Court Court NNP 39142 180 73 , , , 39142 180 74 in in IN 39142 180 75 accord accord NN 39142 180 76 with with IN 39142 180 77 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 180 78 duty duty NN 39142 180 79 . . . 39142 181 1 China China NNP 39142 181 2 was be VBD 39142 181 3 thereby thereby RB 39142 181 4 exposed expose VBN 39142 181 5 to to IN 39142 181 6 the the DT 39142 181 7 anger anger NN 39142 181 8 of of IN 39142 181 9 the the DT 39142 181 10 gods god NNS 39142 181 11 , , , 39142 181 12 and and CC 39142 181 13 Hi hi UH 39142 181 14 and and CC 39142 181 15 Ho Ho NNP 39142 181 16 were be VBD 39142 181 17 executed execute VBN 39142 181 18 by by IN 39142 181 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 181 20 Majesty Majesty NNP 39142 181 21 's 's POS 39142 181 22 command command NN 39142 181 23 . . . 39142 182 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 182 2 is be VBZ 39142 182 3 doubtful doubtful JJ 39142 182 4 if if IN 39142 182 5 there there EX 39142 182 6 is be VBZ 39142 182 7 an an DT 39142 182 8 earlier early JJR 39142 182 9 record record NN 39142 182 10 of of IN 39142 182 11 any any DT 39142 182 12 celestial celestial JJ 39142 182 13 phenomenon phenomenon NN 39142 182 14 . . . 39142 183 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39142 183 2 III III NNP 39142 183 3 PYRAMID PYRAMID NNP 39142 183 4 , , , 39142 183 5 TOMB TOMB NNP 39142 183 6 , , , 39142 183 7 AND and CC 39142 183 8 TEMPLE TEMPLE NNP 39142 183 9 Inquiry Inquiry NNP 39142 183 10 into into IN 39142 183 11 the the DT 39142 183 12 beginnings beginning NNS 39142 183 13 of of IN 39142 183 14 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 183 15 in in IN 39142 183 16 ancient ancient JJ 39142 183 17 Egypt Egypt NNP 39142 183 18 reveals reveal VBZ 39142 183 19 most most RBS 39142 183 20 interesting interesting JJ 39142 183 21 relations relation NNS 39142 183 22 of of IN 39142 183 23 the the DT 39142 183 24 origins origin NNS 39142 183 25 of of IN 39142 183 26 the the DT 39142 183 27 science science NN 39142 183 28 to to IN 39142 183 29 the the DT 39142 183 30 life life NN 39142 183 31 and and CC 39142 183 32 work work NN 39142 183 33 and and CC 39142 183 34 worship worship NN 39142 183 35 of of IN 39142 183 36 the the DT 39142 183 37 people people NNS 39142 183 38 . . . 39142 184 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 184 2 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 184 3 were be VBD 39142 184 4 called call VBN 39142 184 5 the the DT 39142 184 6 " " `` 39142 184 7 mystery mystery NN 39142 184 8 teachers teacher NNS 39142 184 9 of of IN 39142 184 10 heaven heaven NN 39142 184 11 " " '' 39142 184 12 ; ; : 39142 184 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 184 14 monuments monument NNS 39142 184 15 indicate indicate VBP 39142 184 16 a a DT 39142 184 17 civilization civilization NN 39142 184 18 more more RBR 39142 184 19 or or CC 39142 184 20 less less RBR 39142 184 21 advanced advanced JJ 39142 184 22 ; ; : 39142 184 23 and and CC 39142 184 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 184 25 temples temple NNS 39142 184 26 were be VBD 39142 184 27 built build VBN 39142 184 28 on on IN 39142 184 29 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 184 30 principles principle NNS 39142 184 31 and and CC 39142 184 32 dedicated dedicate VBN 39142 184 33 to to IN 39142 184 34 purpose purpose NN 39142 184 35 of of IN 39142 184 36 worship worship NN 39142 184 37 . . . 39142 185 1 The the DT 39142 185 2 Egyptian egyptian JJ 39142 185 3 records record NNS 39142 185 4 carry carry VBP 39142 185 5 us -PRON- PRP 39142 185 6 back back RB 39142 185 7 many many JJ 39142 185 8 thousands thousand NNS 39142 185 9 of of IN 39142 185 10 years year NNS 39142 185 11 , , , 39142 185 12 and and CC 39142 185 13 we -PRON- PRP 39142 185 14 find find VBP 39142 185 15 that that IN 39142 185 16 in in IN 39142 185 17 Egypt Egypt NNP 39142 185 18 , , , 39142 185 19 as as IN 39142 185 20 in in IN 39142 185 21 other other JJ 39142 185 22 early early JJ 39142 185 23 civilizations civilization NNS 39142 185 24 , , , 39142 185 25 observation observation NN 39142 185 26 of of IN 39142 185 27 the the DT 39142 185 28 heavenly heavenly JJ 39142 185 29 bodies body NNS 39142 185 30 may may MD 39142 185 31 be be VB 39142 185 32 embraced embrace VBN 39142 185 33 in in IN 39142 185 34 three three CD 39142 185 35 pretty pretty RB 39142 185 36 distinct distinct JJ 39142 185 37 stages stage NNS 39142 185 38 . . . 39142 186 1 Awe Awe NNP 39142 186 2 , , , 39142 186 3 fear fear NN 39142 186 4 , , , 39142 186 5 wonder wonder NN 39142 186 6 and and CC 39142 186 7 worship worship NN 39142 186 8 were be VBD 39142 186 9 the the DT 39142 186 10 first first JJ 39142 186 11 . . . 39142 187 1 Then then RB 39142 187 2 came come VBD 39142 187 3 utility utility NN 39142 187 4 : : : 39142 187 5 a a DT 39142 187 6 calendar calendar NN 39142 187 7 was be VBD 39142 187 8 necessary necessary JJ 39142 187 9 to to TO 39142 187 10 tell tell VB 39142 187 11 men man NNS 39142 187 12 when when WRB 39142 187 13 " " `` 39142 187 14 to to TO 39142 187 15 plow plow VB 39142 187 16 and and CC 39142 187 17 sow sow VB 39142 187 18 , , , 39142 187 19 to to TO 39142 187 20 reap reap VB 39142 187 21 and and CC 39142 187 22 mow mow VB 39142 187 23 , , , 39142 187 24 " " '' 39142 187 25 and and CC 39142 187 26 a a DT 39142 187 27 calendar calendar NN 39142 187 28 necessitated necessitate VBD 39142 187 29 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 187 30 observations observation NNS 39142 187 31 of of IN 39142 187 32 some some DT 39142 187 33 sort sort NN 39142 187 34 . . . 39142 188 1 Following follow VBG 39142 188 2 this this DT 39142 188 3 , , , 39142 188 4 the the DT 39142 188 5 third third JJ 39142 188 6 direction direction NN 39142 188 7 required require VBD 39142 188 8 observations observation NNS 39142 188 9 of of IN 39142 188 10 celestial celestial JJ 39142 188 11 positions position NNS 39142 188 12 and and CC 39142 188 13 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 188 14 also also RB 39142 188 15 , , , 39142 188 16 because because IN 39142 188 17 astrology astrology NN 39142 188 18 , , , 39142 188 19 in in IN 39142 188 20 which which WDT 39142 188 21 the the DT 39142 188 22 potentates potentate NNS 39142 188 23 of of IN 39142 188 24 every every DT 39142 188 25 ancient ancient JJ 39142 188 26 realm realm NN 39142 188 27 believed believe VBN 39142 188 28 , , , 39142 188 29 could could MD 39142 188 30 only only RB 39142 188 31 thrive thrive VB 39142 188 32 as as IN 39142 188 33 it -PRON- PRP 39142 188 34 was be VBD 39142 188 35 based base VBN 39142 188 36 on on IN 39142 188 37 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 188 38 . . . 39142 189 1 Sun Sun NNP 39142 189 2 worship worship NN 39142 189 3 was be VBD 39142 189 4 preeminent preeminent JJ 39142 189 5 in in IN 39142 189 6 early early JJ 39142 189 7 Egypt Egypt NNP 39142 189 8 as as IN 39142 189 9 in in IN 39142 189 10 India India NNP 39142 189 11 , , , 39142 189 12 where where WRB 39142 189 13 the the DT 39142 189 14 primal primal JJ 39142 189 15 antithesis antithesis NN 39142 189 16 between between IN 39142 189 17 night night NN 39142 189 18 and and CC 39142 189 19 day day NN 39142 189 20 struck strike VBD 39142 189 21 terror terror NN 39142 189 22 in in IN 39142 189 23 the the DT 39142 189 24 unformed unformed JJ 39142 189 25 mind mind NN 39142 189 26 of of IN 39142 189 27 man man NN 39142 189 28 . . . 39142 190 1 In in IN 39142 190 2 one one CD 39142 190 3 of of IN 39142 190 4 the the DT 39142 190 5 Vedas Vedas NNP 39142 190 6 occurs occur VBZ 39142 190 7 this this DT 39142 190 8 significant significant JJ 39142 190 9 song song NN 39142 190 10 to to IN 39142 190 11 the the DT 39142 190 12 god god NNP 39142 190 13 of of IN 39142 190 14 day day NNP 39142 190 15 : : : 39142 190 16 " " `` 39142 190 17 Will Will MD 39142 190 18 the the DT 39142 190 19 Sun Sun NNP 39142 190 20 rise rise VB 39142 190 21 again again RB 39142 190 22 ? ? . 39142 191 1 Will Will MD 39142 191 2 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 191 3 old old JJ 39142 191 4 friend friend NN 39142 191 5 the the DT 39142 191 6 Dawn Dawn NNP 39142 191 7 come come VB 39142 191 8 back back RB 39142 191 9 again again RB 39142 191 10 ? ? . 39142 192 1 Will Will MD 39142 192 2 the the DT 39142 192 3 power power NN 39142 192 4 of of IN 39142 192 5 Darkness darkness NN 39142 192 6 be be VB 39142 192 7 conquered conquer VBN 39142 192 8 by by IN 39142 192 9 the the DT 39142 192 10 God God NNP 39142 192 11 of of IN 39142 192 12 Light Light NNP 39142 192 13 ? ? . 39142 192 14 " " '' 39142 193 1 Quite quite RB 39142 193 2 different different RB 39142 193 3 from from IN 39142 193 4 India India NNP 39142 193 5 , , , 39142 193 6 however however RB 39142 193 7 , , , 39142 193 8 is be VBZ 39142 193 9 Egypt Egypt NNP 39142 193 10 in in IN 39142 193 11 matters matter NNS 39142 193 12 of of IN 39142 193 13 record record NN 39142 193 14 : : : 39142 193 15 in in IN 39142 193 16 India India NNP 39142 193 17 , , , 39142 193 18 records record NNS 39142 193 19 in in IN 39142 193 20 papyrus papyrus NNP 39142 193 21 , , , 39142 193 22 but but CC 39142 193 23 no no DT 39142 193 24 monuments monument NNS 39142 193 25 of of IN 39142 193 26 very very RB 39142 193 27 great great JJ 39142 193 28 antiquity antiquity NN 39142 193 29 ; ; : 39142 193 30 in in IN 39142 193 31 Egypt Egypt NNP 39142 193 32 , , , 39142 193 33 no no DT 39142 193 34 papyrus papyrus NN 39142 193 35 , , , 39142 193 36 but but CC 39142 193 37 monuments monument NNS 39142 193 38 of of IN 39142 193 39 exceeding exceed VBG 39142 193 40 antiquity antiquity NN 39142 193 41 in in IN 39142 193 42 abundance abundance NN 39142 193 43 . . . 39142 194 1 Herodotus Herodotus NNP 39142 194 2 and and CC 39142 194 3 Pliny Pliny NNP 39142 194 4 have have VBP 39142 194 5 told tell VBN 39142 194 6 us -PRON- PRP 39142 194 7 of of IN 39142 194 8 the the DT 39142 194 9 great great JJ 39142 194 10 antiquity antiquity NN 39142 194 11 of of IN 39142 194 12 these these DT 39142 194 13 monuments monument NNS 39142 194 14 , , , 39142 194 15 even even RB 39142 194 16 in in IN 39142 194 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 194 18 own own JJ 39142 194 19 day day NN 39142 194 20 , , , 39142 194 21 and and CC 39142 194 22 research research NN 39142 194 23 by by IN 39142 194 24 archæologist archæologist NN 39142 194 25 and and CC 39142 194 26 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 194 27 has have VBZ 39142 194 28 made make VBN 39142 194 29 it -PRON- PRP 39142 194 30 certain certain JJ 39142 194 31 that that IN 39142 194 32 the the DT 39142 194 33 pyramids pyramid NNS 39142 194 34 were be VBD 39142 194 35 built build VBN 39142 194 36 by by IN 39142 194 37 a a DT 39142 194 38 race race NN 39142 194 39 possessing possess VBG 39142 194 40 great great JJ 39142 194 41 knowledge knowledge NN 39142 194 42 of of IN 39142 194 43 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 194 44 . . . 39142 195 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 195 2 temples temple NNS 39142 195 3 , , , 39142 195 4 too too RB 39142 195 5 , , , 39142 195 6 were be VBD 39142 195 7 constructed construct VBN 39142 195 8 in in IN 39142 195 9 strict strict JJ 39142 195 10 relation relation NN 39142 195 11 to to IN 39142 195 12 stars star NNS 39142 195 13 . . . 39142 196 1 Not not RB 39142 196 2 only only RB 39142 196 3 are be VBP 39142 196 4 the the DT 39142 196 5 temples temple NNS 39142 196 6 , , , 39142 196 7 as as IN 39142 196 8 Edfu Edfu NNP 39142 196 9 and and CC 39142 196 10 Denderah Denderah NNP 39142 196 11 , , , 39142 196 12 of of IN 39142 196 13 exceeding exceed VBG 39142 196 14 interest interest NN 39142 196 15 in in IN 39142 196 16 themselves -PRON- PRP 39142 196 17 , , , 39142 196 18 but but CC 39142 196 19 associated associate VBN 39142 196 20 with with IN 39142 196 21 them -PRON- PRP 39142 196 22 are be VBP 39142 196 23 often often RB 39142 196 24 huge huge JJ 39142 196 25 monoliths monolith NNS 39142 196 26 of of IN 39142 196 27 syenite syenite NN 39142 196 28 , , , 39142 196 29 obelisks obelisk NNS 39142 196 30 of of IN 39142 196 31 many many JJ 39142 196 32 hundred hundred CD 39142 196 33 tons ton NNS 39142 196 34 in in IN 39142 196 35 weight weight NN 39142 196 36 , , , 39142 196 37 which which WDT 39142 196 38 the the DT 39142 196 39 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 196 40 recognizes recognize VBZ 39142 196 41 as as IN 39142 196 42 having have VBG 39142 196 43 served serve VBN 39142 196 44 as as IN 39142 196 45 observation observation NN 39142 196 46 pillars pillar NNS 39142 196 47 or or CC 39142 196 48 gnomons gnomon NNS 39142 196 49 . . . 39142 197 1 Specimens specimen NNS 39142 197 2 of of IN 39142 197 3 these these DT 39142 197 4 have have VBP 39142 197 5 wandered wander VBN 39142 197 6 as as RB 39142 197 7 far far RB 39142 197 8 from from IN 39142 197 9 home home NN 39142 197 10 as as IN 39142 197 11 Central Central NNP 39142 197 12 Park Park NNP 39142 197 13 and and CC 39142 197 14 the the DT 39142 197 15 bank bank NN 39142 197 16 of of IN 39142 197 17 the the DT 39142 197 18 Thames Thames NNP 39142 197 19 . . . 39142 198 1 But but CC 39142 198 2 there there EX 39142 198 3 is be VBZ 39142 198 4 an an DT 39142 198 5 even even RB 39142 198 6 more more RBR 39142 198 7 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 198 8 wealth wealth NN 39142 198 9 of of IN 39142 198 10 temple temple NN 39142 198 11 inscriptions inscription NNS 39142 198 12 , , , 39142 198 13 zodiacs zodiacs NNP 39142 198 14 especially especially RB 39142 198 15 . . . 39142 199 1 Next next RB 39142 199 2 to to IN 39142 199 3 the the DT 39142 199 4 sun sun NN 39142 199 5 himself -PRON- PRP 39142 199 6 was be VBD 39142 199 7 the the DT 39142 199 8 worship worship NN 39142 199 9 of of IN 39142 199 10 the the DT 39142 199 11 Dawn Dawn NNP 39142 199 12 and and CC 39142 199 13 Sunrise Sunrise NNP 39142 199 14 , , , 39142 199 15 the the DT 39142 199 16 great great JJ 39142 199 17 revelations revelation NNS 39142 199 18 of of IN 39142 199 19 nature nature NN 39142 199 20 . . . 39142 200 1 There there EX 39142 200 2 were be VBD 39142 200 3 numerous numerous JJ 39142 200 4 hymns hymn NNS 39142 200 5 to to IN 39142 200 6 the the DT 39142 200 7 still still RB 39142 200 8 more more RBR 39142 200 9 numerous numerous JJ 39142 200 10 sun sun NN 39142 200 11 - - HYPH 39142 200 12 gods god NNS 39142 200 13 and and CC 39142 200 14 the the DT 39142 200 15 powers power NNS 39142 200 16 of of IN 39142 200 17 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 200 18 . . . 39142 201 1 Ra Ra NNP 39142 201 2 was be VBD 39142 201 3 the the DT 39142 201 4 sun sun NN 39142 201 5 - - HYPH 39142 201 6 god god NNP 39142 201 7 in in IN 39142 201 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 201 9 noontide noontide JJ 39142 201 10 strength strength NN 39142 201 11 ; ; : 39142 201 12 Osiris Osiris NNP 39142 201 13 , , , 39142 201 14 the the DT 39142 201 15 dying die VBG 39142 201 16 sun sun NN 39142 201 17 of of IN 39142 201 18 sunset sunset NN 39142 201 19 . . . 39142 202 1 Only only RB 39142 202 2 two two CD 39142 202 3 gods god NNS 39142 202 4 were be VBD 39142 202 5 associated associate VBN 39142 202 6 with with IN 39142 202 7 the the DT 39142 202 8 moon moon NN 39142 202 9 , , , 39142 202 10 and and CC 39142 202 11 for for IN 39142 202 12 the the DT 39142 202 13 stars star NNS 39142 202 14 a a DT 39142 202 15 special special JJ 39142 202 16 goddess goddess NN 39142 202 17 , , , 39142 202 18 Sesheta Sesheta NNP 39142 202 19 . . . 39142 203 1 Sacrifices sacrifice NNS 39142 203 2 were be VBD 39142 203 3 made make VBN 39142 203 4 at at IN 39142 203 5 day day NN 39142 203 6 - - HYPH 39142 203 7 break break PRP 39142 203 8 ; ; : 39142 203 9 and and CC 39142 203 10 the the DT 39142 203 11 stars star NNS 39142 203 12 that that WDT 39142 203 13 heralded herald VBD 39142 203 14 the the DT 39142 203 15 dawn dawn NN 39142 203 16 were be VBD 39142 203 17 the the DT 39142 203 18 subjects subject NNS 39142 203 19 of of IN 39142 203 20 careful careful JJ 39142 203 21 observation observation NN 39142 203 22 by by IN 39142 203 23 the the DT 39142 203 24 sacrificial sacrificial JJ 39142 203 25 priests priest NNS 39142 203 26 , , , 39142 203 27 who who WP 39142 203 28 must must MD 39142 203 29 therefore therefore RB 39142 203 30 have have VB 39142 203 31 possessed possess VBN 39142 203 32 a a DT 39142 203 33 good good JJ 39142 203 34 knowledge knowledge NN 39142 203 35 of of IN 39142 203 36 star star NN 39142 203 37 places place NNS 39142 203 38 and and CC 39142 203 39 names name NNS 39142 203 40 , , , 39142 203 41 doubtless doubtless RB 39142 203 42 in in IN 39142 203 43 belts belt NNS 39142 203 44 of of IN 39142 203 45 stars star NNS 39142 203 46 extending extend VBG 39142 203 47 clear clear RB 39142 203 48 around around IN 39142 203 49 the the DT 39142 203 50 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 203 51 . . . 39142 204 1 These these DT 39142 204 2 decans decan NNS 39142 204 3 , , , 39142 204 4 as as IN 39142 204 5 they -PRON- PRP 39142 204 6 were be VBD 39142 204 7 called call VBN 39142 204 8 , , , 39142 204 9 are be VBP 39142 204 10 the the DT 39142 204 11 exact exact JJ 39142 204 12 counterparts counterpart NNS 39142 204 13 of of IN 39142 204 14 the the DT 39142 204 15 moon moon NN 39142 204 16 stations station NNS 39142 204 17 devised devise VBN 39142 204 18 by by IN 39142 204 19 the the DT 39142 204 20 Arabians Arabians NNPS 39142 204 21 , , , 39142 204 22 Indians Indians NNPS 39142 204 23 , , , 39142 204 24 and and CC 39142 204 25 other other JJ 39142 204 26 peoples people NNS 39142 204 27 for for IN 39142 204 28 a a DT 39142 204 29 like like JJ 39142 204 30 purpose purpose NN 39142 204 31 . . . 39142 205 1 The the DT 39142 205 2 plane plane NN 39142 205 3 or or CC 39142 205 4 circle circle NN 39142 205 5 of of IN 39142 205 6 observation observation NN 39142 205 7 , , , 39142 205 8 both both CC 39142 205 9 in in IN 39142 205 10 Egypt Egypt NNP 39142 205 11 and and CC 39142 205 12 India India NNP 39142 205 13 , , , 39142 205 14 was be VBD 39142 205 15 always always RB 39142 205 16 the the DT 39142 205 17 horizon horizon NN 39142 205 18 , , , 39142 205 19 whether whether IN 39142 205 20 the the DT 39142 205 21 sun sun NN 39142 205 22 was be VBD 39142 205 23 observed observe VBN 39142 205 24 or or CC 39142 205 25 moon moon NN 39142 205 26 or or CC 39142 205 27 stars star NNS 39142 205 28 . . . 39142 206 1 So so RB 39142 206 2 the the DT 39142 206 3 sun sun NN 39142 206 4 was be VBD 39142 206 5 often often RB 39142 206 6 worshiped worship VBN 39142 206 7 by by IN 39142 206 8 the the DT 39142 206 9 ancient ancient JJ 39142 206 10 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 39142 206 11 as as IN 39142 206 12 the the DT 39142 206 13 " " `` 39142 206 14 Lord Lord NNP 39142 206 15 of of IN 39142 206 16 the the DT 39142 206 17 Two Two NNP 39142 206 18 Horizons Horizons NNPS 39142 206 19 . . . 39142 206 20 " " '' 39142 207 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 207 2 is be VBZ 39142 207 3 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 207 4 difficult difficult JJ 39142 207 5 to to TO 39142 207 6 keep keep VB 39142 207 7 in in IN 39142 207 8 mind mind NN 39142 207 9 the the DT 39142 207 10 fact fact NN 39142 207 11 , , , 39142 207 12 in in IN 39142 207 13 regard regard NN 39142 207 14 to to IN 39142 207 15 all all DT 39142 207 16 temples temple NNS 39142 207 17 of of IN 39142 207 18 the the DT 39142 207 19 ancients ancient NNS 39142 207 20 , , , 39142 207 21 whether whether IN 39142 207 22 in in IN 39142 207 23 Egypt Egypt NNP 39142 207 24 or or CC 39142 207 25 elsewhere elsewhere RB 39142 207 26 , , , 39142 207 27 that that IN 39142 207 28 in in IN 39142 207 29 studying study VBG 39142 207 30 them -PRON- PRP 39142 207 31 we -PRON- PRP 39142 207 32 must must MD 39142 207 33 deal deal VB 39142 207 34 with with IN 39142 207 35 the the DT 39142 207 36 risings rising NNS 39142 207 37 or or CC 39142 207 38 settings setting NNS 39142 207 39 of of IN 39142 207 40 the the DT 39142 207 41 heavenly heavenly JJ 39142 207 42 bodies body NNS 39142 207 43 in in IN 39142 207 44 quite quite RB 39142 207 45 different different JJ 39142 207 46 fashion fashion NN 39142 207 47 from from IN 39142 207 48 that that DT 39142 207 49 of of IN 39142 207 50 the the DT 39142 207 51 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 207 52 of of IN 39142 207 53 to to IN 39142 207 54 - - HYPH 39142 207 55 day day NN 39142 207 56 , , , 39142 207 57 who who WP 39142 207 58 is be VBZ 39142 207 59 mainly mainly RB 39142 207 60 concerned concern VBN 39142 207 61 only only RB 39142 207 62 with with IN 39142 207 63 observing observe VBG 39142 207 64 them -PRON- PRP 39142 207 65 on on IN 39142 207 66 the the DT 39142 207 67 meridian meridian NN 39142 207 68 . . . 39142 208 1 The the DT 39142 208 2 axis axi NNS 39142 208 3 of of IN 39142 208 4 the the DT 39142 208 5 temple temple NN 39142 208 6 shows show VBZ 39142 208 7 by by IN 39142 208 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 208 9 direction direction NN 39142 208 10 the the DT 39142 208 11 place place NN 39142 208 12 of of IN 39142 208 13 rising rise VBG 39142 208 14 or or CC 39142 208 15 setting set VBG 39142 208 16 : : : 39142 208 17 if if IN 39142 208 18 the the DT 39142 208 19 temple temple NNP 39142 208 20 faces face VBZ 39142 208 21 directly directly RB 39142 208 22 east east RB 39142 208 23 or or CC 39142 208 24 west west NNP 39142 208 25 , , , 39142 208 26 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 208 27 amplitude amplitude NN 39142 208 28 is be VBZ 39142 208 29 0 0 CD 39142 208 30 . . . 39142 209 1 Now now RB 39142 209 2 the the DT 39142 209 3 sun sun NN 39142 209 4 , , , 39142 209 5 moon moon NN 39142 209 6 , , , 39142 209 7 and and CC 39142 209 8 planets planet NNS 39142 209 9 are be VBP 39142 209 10 , , , 39142 209 11 as as IN 39142 209 12 everyone everyone NN 39142 209 13 knows know VBZ 39142 209 14 , , , 39142 209 15 very very RB 39142 209 16 erratic erratic JJ 39142 209 17 as as IN 39142 209 18 to to IN 39142 209 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 209 20 amplitudes amplitude NNS 39142 209 21 ( ( -LRB- 39142 209 22 i. i. NNP 39142 209 23 e. e. NNP 39142 209 24 , , , 39142 209 25 horizon horizon NNP 39142 209 26 points point NNS 39142 209 27 ) ) -RRB- 39142 209 28 of of IN 39142 209 29 rising rise VBG 39142 209 30 and and CC 39142 209 31 setting set VBG 39142 209 32 ; ; : 39142 209 33 so so CC 39142 209 34 it -PRON- PRP 39142 209 35 must must MD 39142 209 36 have have VB 39142 209 37 been be VBN 39142 209 38 the the DT 39142 209 39 stars star NNS 39142 209 40 that that WDT 39142 209 41 engrossed engross VBD 39142 209 42 the the DT 39142 209 43 attention attention NN 39142 209 44 of of IN 39142 209 45 the the DT 39142 209 46 earliest early JJS 39142 209 47 builders builder NNS 39142 209 48 of of IN 39142 209 49 temples temple NNS 39142 209 50 . . . 39142 210 1 After after IN 39142 210 2 that that DT 39142 210 3 , , , 39142 210 4 temples temple NNS 39142 210 5 were be VBD 39142 210 6 directed direct VBN 39142 210 7 to to IN 39142 210 8 the the DT 39142 210 9 rising rise VBG 39142 210 10 sun sun NN 39142 210 11 , , , 39142 210 12 at at IN 39142 210 13 the the DT 39142 210 14 equinox equinox JJ 39142 210 15 or or CC 39142 210 16 solstices solstice NNS 39142 210 17 . . . 39142 211 1 Then then RB 39142 211 2 came come VBD 39142 211 3 the the DT 39142 211 4 necessity necessity NN 39142 211 5 of of IN 39142 211 6 finding find VBG 39142 211 7 out out RP 39142 211 8 about about IN 39142 211 9 the the DT 39142 211 10 inclination inclination NN 39142 211 11 or or CC 39142 211 12 obliquity obliquity NN 39142 211 13 of of IN 39142 211 14 the the DT 39142 211 15 ecliptic ecliptic JJ 39142 211 16 , , , 39142 211 17 and and CC 39142 211 18 this this DT 39142 211 19 is be VBZ 39142 211 20 where where WRB 39142 211 21 the the DT 39142 211 22 gnomon gnomon NN 39142 211 23 was be VBD 39142 211 24 employed employ VBN 39142 211 25 . . . 39142 212 1 At at IN 39142 212 2 Karnak Karnak NNP 39142 212 3 are be VBP 39142 212 4 many many JJ 39142 212 5 temples temple NNS 39142 212 6 of of IN 39142 212 7 the the DT 39142 212 8 solstitial solstitial JJ 39142 212 9 order order NN 39142 212 10 : : : 39142 212 11 the the DT 39142 212 12 wonderful wonderful JJ 39142 212 13 temple temple NN 39142 212 14 of of IN 39142 212 15 Amen Amen NNP 39142 212 16 - - HYPH 39142 212 17 Ra Ra NNP 39142 212 18 is be VBZ 39142 212 19 so so RB 39142 212 20 oriented orient VBN 39142 212 21 that that IN 39142 212 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 212 23 axis axis NN 39142 212 24 stands stand VBZ 39142 212 25 in in IN 39142 212 26 amplitude amplitude NNP 39142 212 27 26 26 CD 39142 212 28 degrees degree NNS 39142 212 29 north north RB 39142 212 30 of of IN 39142 212 31 west west NN 39142 212 32 , , , 39142 212 33 which which WDT 39142 212 34 is be VBZ 39142 212 35 the the DT 39142 212 36 exact exact JJ 39142 212 37 amplitude amplitude NN 39142 212 38 of of IN 39142 212 39 the the DT 39142 212 40 sun sun NN 39142 212 41 at at IN 39142 212 42 Thebes Thebes NNP 39142 212 43 at at IN 39142 212 44 sunset sunset NN 39142 212 45 of of IN 39142 212 46 the the DT 39142 212 47 summer summer NN 39142 212 48 solstice solstice NN 39142 212 49 . . . 39142 213 1 The the DT 39142 213 2 axis axi NNS 39142 213 3 of of IN 39142 213 4 a a DT 39142 213 5 lesser less JJR 39142 213 6 temple temple NN 39142 213 7 adjacent adjacent JJ 39142 213 8 points point NNS 39142 213 9 to to IN 39142 213 10 26 26 CD 39142 213 11 degrees degree NNS 39142 213 12 south south RB 39142 213 13 of of IN 39142 213 14 east east NN 39142 213 15 , , , 39142 213 16 which which WDT 39142 213 17 is be VBZ 39142 213 18 the the DT 39142 213 19 exact exact JJ 39142 213 20 amplitude amplitude NN 39142 213 21 of of IN 39142 213 22 sunrise sunrise NN 39142 213 23 at at IN 39142 213 24 the the DT 39142 213 25 winter winter NN 39142 213 26 solstice solstice NN 39142 213 27 . . . 39142 214 1 At at IN 39142 214 2 Gizeh Gizeh NNP 39142 214 3 we -PRON- PRP 39142 214 4 find find VBP 39142 214 5 the the DT 39142 214 6 temples temple NNS 39142 214 7 oriented orient VBN 39142 214 8 , , , 39142 214 9 not not RB 39142 214 10 solstitially solstitially RB 39142 214 11 , , , 39142 214 12 but but CC 39142 214 13 by by IN 39142 214 14 the the DT 39142 214 15 equinoxes equinox NNS 39142 214 16 , , , 39142 214 17 that that RB 39142 214 18 is is RB 39142 214 19 , , , 39142 214 20 they -PRON- PRP 39142 214 21 face face VBP 39142 214 22 due due JJ 39142 214 23 east east NNP 39142 214 24 and and CC 39142 214 25 west west NNP 39142 214 26 . . . 39142 215 1 Peoples people NNS 39142 215 2 who who WP 39142 215 3 worshiped worship VBD 39142 215 4 the the DT 39142 215 5 sun sun NN 39142 215 6 at at IN 39142 215 7 the the DT 39142 215 8 solstice solstice NN 39142 215 9 must must MD 39142 215 10 have have VB 39142 215 11 begun begin VBN 39142 215 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 215 13 year year NN 39142 215 14 at at IN 39142 215 15 the the DT 39142 215 16 solstice solstice NN 39142 215 17 ; ; , 39142 215 18 and and CC 39142 215 19 Sir Sir NNP 39142 215 20 Norman Norman NNP 39142 215 21 Lockyer Lockyer NNP 39142 215 22 shows show VBZ 39142 215 23 how how WRB 39142 215 24 the the DT 39142 215 25 rise rise NN 39142 215 26 of of IN 39142 215 27 the the DT 39142 215 28 Nile Nile NNP 39142 215 29 , , , 39142 215 30 which which WDT 39142 215 31 took take VBD 39142 215 32 place place NN 39142 215 33 at at IN 39142 215 34 the the DT 39142 215 35 summer summer NN 39142 215 36 solstice solstice NN 39142 215 37 , , , 39142 215 38 dominated dominate VBD 39142 215 39 not not RB 39142 215 40 only only RB 39142 215 41 the the DT 39142 215 42 industry industry NN 39142 215 43 but but CC 39142 215 44 the the DT 39142 215 45 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 215 46 and and CC 39142 215 47 religion religion NN 39142 215 48 of of IN 39142 215 49 Egypt Egypt NNP 39142 215 50 . . . 39142 216 1 Looking look VBG 39142 216 2 into into IN 39142 216 3 the the DT 39142 216 4 question question NN 39142 216 5 of of IN 39142 216 6 temple temple NNP 39142 216 7 orientation orientation NN 39142 216 8 in in IN 39142 216 9 other other JJ 39142 216 10 countries country NNS 39142 216 11 , , , 39142 216 12 as as IN 39142 216 13 China China NNP 39142 216 14 , , , 39142 216 15 for for IN 39142 216 16 example example NN 39142 216 17 , , , 39142 216 18 Lockyer Lockyer NNP 39142 216 19 finds find VBZ 39142 216 20 that that IN 39142 216 21 the the DT 39142 216 22 most most RBS 39142 216 23 important important JJ 39142 216 24 temple temple NN 39142 216 25 of of IN 39142 216 26 that that DT 39142 216 27 country country NN 39142 216 28 , , , 39142 216 29 the the DT 39142 216 30 Temple Temple NNP 39142 216 31 of of IN 39142 216 32 the the DT 39142 216 33 Sun Sun NNP 39142 216 34 at at IN 39142 216 35 Peking Peking NNP 39142 216 36 , , , 39142 216 37 is be VBZ 39142 216 38 oriented orient VBN 39142 216 39 to to IN 39142 216 40 the the DT 39142 216 41 winter winter NN 39142 216 42 solstice solstice NN 39142 216 43 ; ; : 39142 216 44 and and CC 39142 216 45 Stonehenge Stonehenge NNP 39142 216 46 , , , 39142 216 47 as as IN 39142 216 48 has have VBZ 39142 216 49 long long RB 39142 216 50 been be VBN 39142 216 51 known know VBN 39142 216 52 , , , 39142 216 53 is be VBZ 39142 216 54 oriented orient VBN 39142 216 55 to to TO 39142 216 56 sunrise sunrise VB 39142 216 57 at at IN 39142 216 58 the the DT 39142 216 59 summer summer NN 39142 216 60 solstice solstice NN 39142 216 61 . . . 39142 217 1 In in IN 39142 217 2 like like JJ 39142 217 3 fashion fashion NN 39142 217 4 the the DT 39142 217 5 rising rise VBG 39142 217 6 and and CC 39142 217 7 setting setting NN 39142 217 8 of of IN 39142 217 9 many many JJ 39142 217 10 stars star NNS 39142 217 11 were be VBD 39142 217 12 utilized utilize VBN 39142 217 13 by by IN 39142 217 14 the the DT 39142 217 15 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 39142 217 16 , , , 39142 217 17 in in IN 39142 217 18 both both DT 39142 217 19 temple temple NNP 39142 217 20 and and CC 39142 217 21 pyramid pyramid NNP 39142 217 22 ; ; : 39142 217 23 and and CC 39142 217 24 no no DT 39142 217 25 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 217 26 who who WP 39142 217 27 has have VBZ 39142 217 28 ever ever RB 39142 217 29 seen see VBN 39142 217 30 these these DT 39142 217 31 ancient ancient JJ 39142 217 32 structures structure NNS 39142 217 33 and and CC 39142 217 34 studied study VBD 39142 217 35 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 217 36 orientations orientation NNS 39142 217 37 can can MD 39142 217 38 doubt doubt VB 39142 217 39 that that IN 39142 217 40 they -PRON- PRP 39142 217 41 were be VBD 39142 217 42 built build VBN 39142 217 43 by by IN 39142 217 44 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 217 45 for for IN 39142 217 46 use use NN 39142 217 47 by by IN 39142 217 48 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 217 49 of of IN 39142 217 50 that that DT 39142 217 51 day day NN 39142 217 52 . . . 39142 218 1 The the DT 39142 218 2 priests priest NNS 39142 218 3 were be VBD 39142 218 4 the the DT 39142 218 5 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 218 6 , , , 39142 218 7 and and CC 39142 218 8 the the DT 39142 218 9 temples temple NNS 39142 218 10 had have VBD 39142 218 11 a a DT 39142 218 12 deep deep JJ 39142 218 13 religious religious JJ 39142 218 14 significance significance NN 39142 218 15 , , , 39142 218 16 with with IN 39142 218 17 a a DT 39142 218 18 ceremony ceremony NN 39142 218 19 of of IN 39142 218 20 exceeding exceed VBG 39142 218 21 magnificence magnificence NN 39142 218 22 wherever wherever WRB 39142 218 23 observations observation NNS 39142 218 24 of of IN 39142 218 25 heavenly heavenly JJ 39142 218 26 bodies body NNS 39142 218 27 were be VBD 39142 218 28 undertaken undertake VBN 39142 218 29 , , , 39142 218 30 whether whether IN 39142 218 31 of of IN 39142 218 32 sun sun NN 39142 218 33 or or CC 39142 218 34 stars star NNS 39142 218 35 . . . 39142 219 1 Hindu hindu JJ 39142 219 2 and and CC 39142 219 3 Persian persian JJ 39142 219 4 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 219 5 must must MD 39142 219 6 be be VB 39142 219 7 passed pass VBN 39142 219 8 over over RP 39142 219 9 very very RB 39142 219 10 briefly briefly NN 39142 219 11 . . . 39142 220 1 Interesting interesting JJ 39142 220 2 as as IN 39142 220 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 220 4 systems system NNS 39142 220 5 are be VBP 39142 220 6 historically historically RB 39142 220 7 , , , 39142 220 8 there there EX 39142 220 9 were be VBD 39142 220 10 few few JJ 39142 220 11 , , , 39142 220 12 if if IN 39142 220 13 any any DT 39142 220 14 , , , 39142 220 15 original original JJ 39142 220 16 contributions contribution NNS 39142 220 17 of of IN 39142 220 18 importance importance NN 39142 220 19 , , , 39142 220 20 and and CC 39142 220 21 the the DT 39142 220 22 Indian indian JJ 39142 220 23 treatises treatise NNS 39142 220 24 bear bear VBP 39142 220 25 strong strong JJ 39142 220 26 evidence evidence NN 39142 220 27 of of IN 39142 220 28 Greek greek JJ 39142 220 29 origin origin NN 39142 220 30 . . . 39142 221 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39142 221 2 IV IV NNP 39142 221 3 ORIGIN ORIGIN NNS 39142 221 4 OF of IN 39142 221 5 GREEK GREEK NNP 39142 221 6 ASTRONOMY ASTRONOMY NNP 39142 221 7 While while IN 39142 221 8 the the DT 39142 221 9 Greeks Greeks NNPS 39142 221 10 laid lay VBD 39142 221 11 the the DT 39142 221 12 foundations foundation NNS 39142 221 13 of of IN 39142 221 14 modern modern JJ 39142 221 15 scientific scientific JJ 39142 221 16 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 221 17 , , , 39142 221 18 they -PRON- PRP 39142 221 19 were be VBD 39142 221 20 not not RB 39142 221 21 as as IN 39142 221 22 a a DT 39142 221 23 whole whole JJ 39142 221 24 observers observer NNS 39142 221 25 : : : 39142 221 26 rather rather RB 39142 221 27 philosophers philosopher NNS 39142 221 28 , , , 39142 221 29 we -PRON- PRP 39142 221 30 should should MD 39142 221 31 say say VB 39142 221 32 . . . 39142 222 1 The the DT 39142 222 2 later later JJ 39142 222 3 representatives representative NNS 39142 222 4 of of IN 39142 222 5 the the DT 39142 222 6 Greek Greek NNP 39142 222 7 School School NNP 39142 222 8 , , , 39142 222 9 however however RB 39142 222 10 , , , 39142 222 11 saw see VBD 39142 222 12 the the DT 39142 222 13 necessity necessity NN 39142 222 14 of of IN 39142 222 15 observation observation NN 39142 222 16 as as IN 39142 222 17 a a DT 39142 222 18 basis basis NN 39142 222 19 of of IN 39142 222 20 true true JJ 39142 222 21 induction induction NN 39142 222 22 ; ; : 39142 222 23 and and CC 39142 222 24 they -PRON- PRP 39142 222 25 discovered discover VBD 39142 222 26 that that IN 39142 222 27 real real JJ 39142 222 28 progress progress NN 39142 222 29 was be VBD 39142 222 30 not not RB 39142 222 31 possible possible JJ 39142 222 32 unless unless IN 39142 222 33 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 222 34 speculative speculative JJ 39142 222 35 ideas idea NNS 39142 222 36 were be VBD 39142 222 37 sufficiently sufficiently RB 39142 222 38 developed develop VBN 39142 222 39 and and CC 39142 222 40 made make VBD 39142 222 41 definite definite JJ 39142 222 42 by by IN 39142 222 43 the the DT 39142 222 44 aid aid NN 39142 222 45 of of IN 39142 222 46 geometry geometry NN 39142 222 47 , , , 39142 222 48 so so IN 39142 222 49 that that IN 39142 222 50 they -PRON- PRP 39142 222 51 became become VBD 39142 222 52 capable capable JJ 39142 222 53 of of IN 39142 222 54 detailed detailed JJ 39142 222 55 comparison comparison NN 39142 222 56 with with IN 39142 222 57 observation observation NN 39142 222 58 . . . 39142 223 1 This this DT 39142 223 2 was be VBD 39142 223 3 the the DT 39142 223 4 necessary necessary JJ 39142 223 5 and and CC 39142 223 6 ultimate ultimate JJ 39142 223 7 test test NN 39142 223 8 with with IN 39142 223 9 them -PRON- PRP 39142 223 10 , , , 39142 223 11 and and CC 39142 223 12 the the DT 39142 223 13 same same JJ 39142 223 14 is be VBZ 39142 223 15 true true JJ 39142 223 16 to to IN 39142 223 17 - - HYPH 39142 223 18 day day NN 39142 223 19 . . . 39142 224 1 The the DT 39142 224 2 early early JJ 39142 224 3 Greek greek JJ 39142 224 4 philosophers philosopher NNS 39142 224 5 were be VBD 39142 224 6 , , , 39142 224 7 however however RB 39142 224 8 , , , 39142 224 9 mainly mainly RB 39142 224 10 interested interested JJ 39142 224 11 , , , 39142 224 12 not not RB 39142 224 13 in in IN 39142 224 14 observations observation NNS 39142 224 15 , , , 39142 224 16 but but CC 39142 224 17 in in IN 39142 224 18 guessing guess VBG 39142 224 19 the the DT 39142 224 20 causes cause NNS 39142 224 21 of of IN 39142 224 22 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 224 23 . . . 39142 225 1 Thales thale NNS 39142 225 2 of of IN 39142 225 3 Miletus Miletus NNP 39142 225 4 , , , 39142 225 5 founder founder NN 39142 225 6 of of IN 39142 225 7 the the DT 39142 225 8 Ionian Ionian NNP 39142 225 9 School School NNP 39142 225 10 , , , 39142 225 11 introduced introduce VBD 39142 225 12 the the DT 39142 225 13 system system NN 39142 225 14 of of IN 39142 225 15 Egyptian egyptian JJ 39142 225 16 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 225 17 into into IN 39142 225 18 Greece Greece NNP 39142 225 19 , , , 39142 225 20 about about IN 39142 225 21 the the DT 39142 225 22 end end NN 39142 225 23 of of IN 39142 225 24 the the DT 39142 225 25 seventh seventh JJ 39142 225 26 century century NN 39142 225 27 B. B. NNP 39142 225 28 C. C. NNP 39142 225 29 He He NNP 39142 225 30 is be VBZ 39142 225 31 universally universally RB 39142 225 32 known know VBN 39142 225 33 as as IN 39142 225 34 the the DT 39142 225 35 first first JJ 39142 225 36 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 225 37 who who WP 39142 225 38 ever ever RB 39142 225 39 predicted predict VBD 39142 225 40 a a DT 39142 225 41 total total JJ 39142 225 42 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 225 43 of of IN 39142 225 44 the the DT 39142 225 45 sun sun NN 39142 225 46 that that WDT 39142 225 47 happened happen VBD 39142 225 48 when when WRB 39142 225 49 he -PRON- PRP 39142 225 50 said say VBD 39142 225 51 it -PRON- PRP 39142 225 52 would would MD 39142 225 53 : : : 39142 225 54 the the DT 39142 225 55 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 225 56 of of IN 39142 225 57 B. B. NNP 39142 225 58 C. C. NNP 39142 225 59 585 585 CD 39142 225 60 . . . 39142 226 1 This this DT 39142 226 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 226 3 did do VBD 39142 226 4 by by IN 39142 226 5 means mean NNS 39142 226 6 of of IN 39142 226 7 the the DT 39142 226 8 Chaldean Chaldean NNP 39142 226 9 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 226 10 cycle cycle NN 39142 226 11 of of IN 39142 226 12 18 18 CD 39142 226 13 years year NNS 39142 226 14 known know VBN 39142 226 15 as as IN 39142 226 16 the the DT 39142 226 17 Saros Saros NNPS 39142 226 18 . . . 39142 227 1 Aristarchus Aristarchus NNP 39142 227 2 of of IN 39142 227 3 Samos Samos NNP 39142 227 4 was be VBD 39142 227 5 the the DT 39142 227 6 first first JJ 39142 227 7 and and CC 39142 227 8 most most RBS 39142 227 9 eminent eminent JJ 39142 227 10 of of IN 39142 227 11 the the DT 39142 227 12 Alexandrian alexandrian JJ 39142 227 13 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 227 14 , , , 39142 227 15 and and CC 39142 227 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 227 17 treatise treatise NN 39142 227 18 " " '' 39142 227 19 On on IN 39142 227 20 the the DT 39142 227 21 Magnitudes Magnitudes NNPS 39142 227 22 and and CC 39142 227 23 Distances Distances NNPS 39142 227 24 of of IN 39142 227 25 the the DT 39142 227 26 Sun Sun NNP 39142 227 27 and and CC 39142 227 28 Moon Moon NNP 39142 227 29 " " '' 39142 227 30 is be VBZ 39142 227 31 still still RB 39142 227 32 extant extant JJ 39142 227 33 . . . 39142 228 1 This this DT 39142 228 2 method method NN 39142 228 3 of of IN 39142 228 4 ascertaining ascertain VBG 39142 228 5 how how WRB 39142 228 6 many many JJ 39142 228 7 times time NNS 39142 228 8 farther far RBR 39142 228 9 the the DT 39142 228 10 sun sun NN 39142 228 11 is be VBZ 39142 228 12 than than IN 39142 228 13 the the DT 39142 228 14 moon moon NN 39142 228 15 is be VBZ 39142 228 16 very very RB 39142 228 17 simple simple JJ 39142 228 18 , , , 39142 228 19 and and CC 39142 228 20 geometrically geometrically RB 39142 228 21 exact exact JJ 39142 228 22 . . . 39142 229 1 Unfortunately unfortunately RB 39142 229 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 229 3 is be VBZ 39142 229 4 impossible impossible JJ 39142 229 5 , , , 39142 229 6 even even RB 39142 229 7 to to IN 39142 229 8 - - HYPH 39142 229 9 day day NN 39142 229 10 , , , 39142 229 11 to to TO 39142 229 12 observe observe VB 39142 229 13 with with IN 39142 229 14 accuracy accuracy NN 39142 229 15 the the DT 39142 229 16 precise precise JJ 39142 229 17 time time NN 39142 229 18 when when WRB 39142 229 19 the the DT 39142 229 20 moon moon NN 39142 229 21 " " `` 39142 229 22 quarters quarter NNS 39142 229 23 , , , 39142 229 24 " " '' 39142 229 25 ( ( -LRB- 39142 229 26 an an DT 39142 229 27 observation observation NN 39142 229 28 essential essential JJ 39142 229 29 to to IN 39142 229 30 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 229 31 method method NN 39142 229 32 ) ) -RRB- 39142 229 33 , , , 39142 229 34 because because IN 39142 229 35 the the DT 39142 229 36 moon moon NN 39142 229 37 's 's POS 39142 229 38 terminal terminal NN 39142 229 39 , , , 39142 229 40 or or CC 39142 229 41 line line NN 39142 229 42 between between IN 39142 229 43 day day NN 39142 229 44 and and CC 39142 229 45 night night NN 39142 229 46 , , , 39142 229 47 is be VBZ 39142 229 48 not not RB 39142 229 49 a a DT 39142 229 50 straight straight JJ 39142 229 51 line line NN 39142 229 52 as as IN 39142 229 53 required require VBN 39142 229 54 by by IN 39142 229 55 theory theory NN 39142 229 56 , , , 39142 229 57 but but CC 39142 229 58 a a DT 39142 229 59 jagged jagged JJ 39142 229 60 one one CD 39142 229 61 . . . 39142 230 1 By by IN 39142 230 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 230 3 observation observation NN 39142 230 4 , , , 39142 230 5 the the DT 39142 230 6 sun sun NN 39142 230 7 was be VBD 39142 230 8 only only RB 39142 230 9 twenty twenty CD 39142 230 10 times time NNS 39142 230 11 farther farther RB 39142 230 12 away away RB 39142 230 13 than than IN 39142 230 14 the the DT 39142 230 15 moon moon NN 39142 230 16 , , , 39142 230 17 a a DT 39142 230 18 distance distance NN 39142 230 19 which which WDT 39142 230 20 we -PRON- PRP 39142 230 21 know know VBP 39142 230 22 to to TO 39142 230 23 be be VB 39142 230 24 nearly nearly RB 39142 230 25 twenty twenty CD 39142 230 26 times time NNS 39142 230 27 too too RB 39142 230 28 small small JJ 39142 230 29 . . . 39142 231 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 231 2 views view NNS 39142 231 3 regarding regard VBG 39142 231 4 other other JJ 39142 231 5 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 231 6 questions question NNS 39142 231 7 were be VBD 39142 231 8 right right JJ 39142 231 9 , , , 39142 231 10 although although IN 39142 231 11 they -PRON- PRP 39142 231 12 found find VBD 39142 231 13 little little JJ 39142 231 14 favor favor NN 39142 231 15 among among IN 39142 231 16 contemporaries contemporary NNS 39142 231 17 . . . 39142 232 1 Not not RB 39142 232 2 only only RB 39142 232 3 was be VBD 39142 232 4 the the DT 39142 232 5 earth earth NN 39142 232 6 spherical spherical JJ 39142 232 7 , , , 39142 232 8 he -PRON- PRP 39142 232 9 said say VBD 39142 232 10 , , , 39142 232 11 but but CC 39142 232 12 it -PRON- PRP 39142 232 13 rotated rotate VBD 39142 232 14 on on IN 39142 232 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 232 16 axis axi NNS 39142 232 17 and and CC 39142 232 18 also also RB 39142 232 19 traveled travel VBN 39142 232 20 round round IN 39142 232 21 the the DT 39142 232 22 sun sun NN 39142 232 23 . . . 39142 233 1 Aristarchus Aristarchus NNP 39142 233 2 was be VBD 39142 233 3 , , , 39142 233 4 indeed indeed RB 39142 233 5 , , , 39142 233 6 the the DT 39142 233 7 true true JJ 39142 233 8 originator originator NN 39142 233 9 of of IN 39142 233 10 the the DT 39142 233 11 modern modern JJ 39142 233 12 doctrine doctrine NN 39142 233 13 of of IN 39142 233 14 motions motion NNS 39142 233 15 in in IN 39142 233 16 the the DT 39142 233 17 solar solar JJ 39142 233 18 system system NN 39142 233 19 , , , 39142 233 20 and and CC 39142 233 21 not not RB 39142 233 22 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 39142 233 23 , , , 39142 233 24 seventeen seventeen CD 39142 233 25 centuries century NNS 39142 233 26 later later RB 39142 233 27 ; ; : 39142 233 28 but but CC 39142 233 29 Seleucus Seleucus NNP 39142 233 30 appears appear VBZ 39142 233 31 to to TO 39142 233 32 have have VB 39142 233 33 been be VBN 39142 233 34 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 233 35 only only JJ 39142 233 36 follower follower NN 39142 233 37 in in IN 39142 233 38 these these DT 39142 233 39 very very RB 39142 233 40 advanced advanced JJ 39142 233 41 conceptions conception NNS 39142 233 42 . . . 39142 234 1 Aristarchus Aristarchus NNP 39142 234 2 made make VBD 39142 234 3 out out RP 39142 234 4 the the DT 39142 234 5 apparent apparent JJ 39142 234 6 diameters diameter NNS 39142 234 7 of of IN 39142 234 8 sun sun NN 39142 234 9 and and CC 39142 234 10 moon moon NN 39142 234 11 as as RB 39142 234 12 practically practically RB 39142 234 13 equal equal JJ 39142 234 14 to to IN 39142 234 15 one one CD 39142 234 16 another another DT 39142 234 17 , , , 39142 234 18 and and CC 39142 234 19 inferred infer VBD 39142 234 20 correctly correctly RB 39142 234 21 that that IN 39142 234 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 234 23 real real JJ 39142 234 24 diameters diameter NNS 39142 234 25 are be VBP 39142 234 26 in in IN 39142 234 27 proportion proportion NN 39142 234 28 to to IN 39142 234 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 234 30 distances distance NNS 39142 234 31 from from IN 39142 234 32 the the DT 39142 234 33 earth earth NN 39142 234 34 . . . 39142 235 1 Also also RB 39142 235 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 235 3 estimated estimate VBD 39142 235 4 , , , 39142 235 5 from from IN 39142 235 6 observations observation NNS 39142 235 7 during during IN 39142 235 8 an an DT 39142 235 9 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 235 10 of of IN 39142 235 11 the the DT 39142 235 12 moon moon NN 39142 235 13 , , , 39142 235 14 that that IN 39142 235 15 the the DT 39142 235 16 moon moon NN 39142 235 17 's 's POS 39142 235 18 diameter diameter NN 39142 235 19 is be VBZ 39142 235 20 about about RB 39142 235 21 one one CD 39142 235 22 - - HYPH 39142 235 23 third third NN 39142 235 24 that that DT 39142 235 25 of of IN 39142 235 26 the the DT 39142 235 27 earth earth NN 39142 235 28 . . . 39142 236 1 Aristarchus Aristarchus NNP 39142 236 2 appears appear VBZ 39142 236 3 to to TO 39142 236 4 have have VB 39142 236 5 been be VBN 39142 236 6 one one CD 39142 236 7 of of IN 39142 236 8 the the DT 39142 236 9 clearest clear JJS 39142 236 10 and and CC 39142 236 11 most most RBS 39142 236 12 accurate accurate JJ 39142 236 13 thinkers thinker NNS 39142 236 14 among among IN 39142 236 15 the the DT 39142 236 16 ancient ancient JJ 39142 236 17 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 236 18 ; ; : 39142 236 19 even even RB 39142 236 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 236 21 views view NNS 39142 236 22 concerning concern VBG 39142 236 23 the the DT 39142 236 24 distances distance NNS 39142 236 25 of of IN 39142 236 26 the the DT 39142 236 27 stars star NNS 39142 236 28 were be VBD 39142 236 29 in in IN 39142 236 30 accord accord NN 39142 236 31 with with IN 39142 236 32 the the DT 39142 236 33 fact fact NN 39142 236 34 that that IN 39142 236 35 they -PRON- PRP 39142 236 36 are be VBP 39142 236 37 immeasurably immeasurably RB 39142 236 38 distant distant JJ 39142 236 39 as as IN 39142 236 40 compared compare VBN 39142 236 41 with with IN 39142 236 42 the the DT 39142 236 43 distances distance NNS 39142 236 44 of of IN 39142 236 45 the the DT 39142 236 46 sun sun NN 39142 236 47 , , , 39142 236 48 moon moon NN 39142 236 49 , , , 39142 236 50 and and CC 39142 236 51 planets planet NNS 39142 236 52 . . . 39142 237 1 Practically practically RB 39142 237 2 contemporary contemporary JJ 39142 237 3 with with IN 39142 237 4 Aristarchus Aristarchus NNP 39142 237 5 were be VBD 39142 237 6 Timocharis Timocharis NNP 39142 237 7 and and CC 39142 237 8 Aristillus Aristillus NNP 39142 237 9 , , , 39142 237 10 who who WP 39142 237 11 were be VBD 39142 237 12 excellent excellent JJ 39142 237 13 observers observer NNS 39142 237 14 , , , 39142 237 15 and and CC 39142 237 16 left leave VBD 39142 237 17 records record NNS 39142 237 18 of of IN 39142 237 19 position position NN 39142 237 20 of of IN 39142 237 21 sun sun NN 39142 237 22 and and CC 39142 237 23 planets planet NNS 39142 237 24 which which WDT 39142 237 25 were be VBD 39142 237 26 exceedingly exceedingly RB 39142 237 27 useful useful JJ 39142 237 28 to to IN 39142 237 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 237 30 successors successor NNS 39142 237 31 , , , 39142 237 32 Hipparchus Hipparchus NNP 39142 237 33 and and CC 39142 237 34 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 237 35 in in IN 39142 237 36 particular particular JJ 39142 237 37 . . . 39142 238 1 Indeed indeed RB 39142 238 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 238 3 observations observation NNS 39142 238 4 of of IN 39142 238 5 star star NN 39142 238 6 positions position NNS 39142 238 7 were be VBD 39142 238 8 such such JJ 39142 238 9 that that IN 39142 238 10 , , , 39142 238 11 in in IN 39142 238 12 a a DT 39142 238 13 way way NN 39142 238 14 , , , 39142 238 15 they -PRON- PRP 39142 238 16 deserve deserve VBP 39142 238 17 the the DT 39142 238 18 fame fame NN 39142 238 19 of of IN 39142 238 20 having have VBG 39142 238 21 made make VBN 39142 238 22 the the DT 39142 238 23 first first JJ 39142 238 24 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 238 25 , , , 39142 238 26 rather rather RB 39142 238 27 than than IN 39142 238 28 Hipparchus Hipparchus NNP 39142 238 29 , , , 39142 238 30 to to TO 39142 238 31 whom whom WP 39142 238 32 is be VBZ 39142 238 33 universally universally RB 39142 238 34 accorded accord VBN 39142 238 35 that that DT 39142 238 36 honor honor NN 39142 238 37 . . . 39142 239 1 Spherical spherical JJ 39142 239 2 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 239 3 had have VBD 39142 239 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 239 5 origin origin NN 39142 239 6 with with IN 39142 239 7 the the DT 39142 239 8 Alexandrian alexandrian JJ 39142 239 9 school school NN 39142 239 10 , , , 39142 239 11 many many JJ 39142 239 12 famous famous JJ 39142 239 13 geometers geometer NNS 39142 239 14 , , , 39142 239 15 and and CC 39142 239 16 in in IN 39142 239 17 particular particular JJ 39142 239 18 Euclid Euclid NNP 39142 239 19 , , , 39142 239 20 pointing point VBG 39142 239 21 the the DT 39142 239 22 way way NN 39142 239 23 . . . 39142 240 1 Spherics spheric NNS 39142 240 2 , , , 39142 240 3 or or CC 39142 240 4 the the DT 39142 240 5 doctrine doctrine NN 39142 240 6 of of IN 39142 240 7 the the DT 39142 240 8 sphere sphere NN 39142 240 9 , , , 39142 240 10 was be VBD 39142 240 11 the the DT 39142 240 12 subject subject NN 39142 240 13 of of IN 39142 240 14 numerous numerous JJ 39142 240 15 treatises treatise NNS 39142 240 16 , , , 39142 240 17 and and CC 39142 240 18 the the DT 39142 240 19 foundations foundation NNS 39142 240 20 were be VBD 39142 240 21 securely securely RB 39142 240 22 laid lay VBN 39142 240 23 for for IN 39142 240 24 that that DT 39142 240 25 department department NN 39142 240 26 of of IN 39142 240 27 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 240 28 research research NN 39142 240 29 which which WDT 39142 240 30 was be VBD 39142 240 31 absolutely absolutely RB 39142 240 32 essential essential JJ 39142 240 33 to to TO 39142 240 34 farther far RBR 39142 240 35 advance advance NN 39142 240 36 . . . 39142 241 1 The the DT 39142 241 2 artisans artisan NNS 39142 241 3 of of IN 39142 241 4 that that DT 39142 241 5 day day NN 39142 241 6 began begin VBD 39142 241 7 to to TO 39142 241 8 build build VB 39142 241 9 rude rude JJ 39142 241 10 mechanical mechanical JJ 39142 241 11 adaptations adaptation NNS 39142 241 12 of of IN 39142 241 13 the the DT 39142 241 14 geometric geometric JJ 39142 241 15 conceptions conception NNS 39142 241 16 as as IN 39142 241 17 concrete concrete JJ 39142 241 18 constructions construction NNS 39142 241 19 in in IN 39142 241 20 wood wood NN 39142 241 21 and and CC 39142 241 22 metal metal NN 39142 241 23 , , , 39142 241 24 and and CC 39142 241 25 it -PRON- PRP 39142 241 26 became become VBD 39142 241 27 the the DT 39142 241 28 epoch epoch NN 39142 241 29 of of IN 39142 241 30 the the DT 39142 241 31 origin origin NN 39142 241 32 of of IN 39142 241 33 astrolabes astrolabe NNS 39142 241 34 and and CC 39142 241 35 armillary armillary JJ 39142 241 36 spheres sphere NNS 39142 241 37 . . . 39142 242 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 242 2 V V NNP 39142 242 3 MEASURING measure VBG 39142 242 4 THE the DT 39142 242 5 EARTH earth NN 39142 242 6 -- -- : 39142 242 7 ERATOSTHENES ERATOSTHENES NNP 39142 242 8 All all DT 39142 242 9 told tell VBD 39142 242 10 , , , 39142 242 11 the the DT 39142 242 12 Greek greek JJ 39142 242 13 philosophers philosopher NNS 39142 242 14 were be VBD 39142 242 15 probably probably RB 39142 242 16 the the DT 39142 242 17 keenest keen JJS 39142 242 18 minds mind NNS 39142 242 19 that that WDT 39142 242 20 ever ever RB 39142 242 21 inhabited inhabit VBD 39142 242 22 the the DT 39142 242 23 planet planet NN 39142 242 24 , , , 39142 242 25 and and CC 39142 242 26 we -PRON- PRP 39142 242 27 can can MD 39142 242 28 not not RB 39142 242 29 suppose suppose VB 39142 242 30 them -PRON- PRP 39142 242 31 so so RB 39142 242 32 stupid stupid JJ 39142 242 33 as as IN 39142 242 34 to to TO 39142 242 35 reject reject VB 39142 242 36 the the DT 39142 242 37 doctrine doctrine NN 39142 242 38 of of IN 39142 242 39 a a DT 39142 242 40 spherical spherical JJ 39142 242 41 earth earth NN 39142 242 42 . . . 39142 243 1 In in IN 39142 243 2 fact fact NN 39142 243 3 so so IN 39142 243 4 certain certain JJ 39142 243 5 were be VBD 39142 243 6 they -PRON- PRP 39142 243 7 that that IN 39142 243 8 the the DT 39142 243 9 earth earth NN 39142 243 10 's 's POS 39142 243 11 true true JJ 39142 243 12 figure figure NN 39142 243 13 is be VBZ 39142 243 14 a a DT 39142 243 15 sphere sphere NN 39142 243 16 that that IN 39142 243 17 Eratosthenes Eratosthenes NNPS 39142 243 18 in in IN 39142 243 19 the the DT 39142 243 20 third third JJ 39142 243 21 century century NN 39142 243 22 B. B. NNP 39142 243 23 C. C. NNP 39142 243 24 made make VBD 39142 243 25 the the DT 39142 243 26 first first JJ 39142 243 27 measure measure NN 39142 243 28 of of IN 39142 243 29 the the DT 39142 243 30 dimensions dimension NNS 39142 243 31 of of IN 39142 243 32 the the DT 39142 243 33 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 39142 243 34 sphere sphere NN 39142 243 35 by by IN 39142 243 36 a a DT 39142 243 37 method method NN 39142 243 38 geometrically geometrically RB 39142 243 39 exact exact JJ 39142 243 40 . . . 39142 244 1 At at IN 39142 244 2 Syene Syene NNP 39142 244 3 in in IN 39142 244 4 Upper Upper NNP 39142 244 5 Egypt Egypt NNP 39142 244 6 the the DT 39142 244 7 sun sun NN 39142 244 8 at at IN 39142 244 9 the the DT 39142 244 10 summer summer NN 39142 244 11 solstice solstice NN 39142 244 12 was be VBD 39142 244 13 known know VBN 39142 244 14 to to TO 39142 244 15 pass pass VB 39142 244 16 through through IN 39142 244 17 the the DT 39142 244 18 zenith zenith NN 39142 244 19 at at IN 39142 244 20 noon noon NN 39142 244 21 , , , 39142 244 22 whereas whereas IN 39142 244 23 at at IN 39142 244 24 Alexandria Alexandria NNP 39142 244 25 Eratosthenes Eratosthenes NNPS 39142 244 26 estimated estimate VBD 39142 244 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 244 28 distance distance NN 39142 244 29 as as IN 39142 244 30 seven seven CD 39142 244 31 degrees degree NNS 39142 244 32 from from IN 39142 244 33 the the DT 39142 244 34 zenith zenith NN 39142 244 35 at at IN 39142 244 36 the the DT 39142 244 37 same same JJ 39142 244 38 time time NN 39142 244 39 . . . 39142 245 1 This this DT 39142 245 2 difference difference NN 39142 245 3 being be VBG 39142 245 4 about about RB 39142 245 5 one one CD 39142 245 6 - - HYPH 39142 245 7 fiftieth fiftieth NN 39142 245 8 of of IN 39142 245 9 the the DT 39142 245 10 entire entire JJ 39142 245 11 circumference circumference NN 39142 245 12 of of IN 39142 245 13 a a DT 39142 245 14 meridian meridian NN 39142 245 15 , , , 39142 245 16 Eratosthenes Eratosthenes NNP 39142 245 17 correctly correctly RB 39142 245 18 inferred infer VBD 39142 245 19 that that IN 39142 245 20 the the DT 39142 245 21 distance distance NN 39142 245 22 between between IN 39142 245 23 Alexandria Alexandria NNP 39142 245 24 and and CC 39142 245 25 Syene Syene NNP 39142 245 26 must must MD 39142 245 27 be be VB 39142 245 28 one one CD 39142 245 29 - - HYPH 39142 245 30 fiftieth fiftieth NN 39142 245 31 of of IN 39142 245 32 the the DT 39142 245 33 earth earth NN 39142 245 34 's 's POS 39142 245 35 circumference circumference NN 39142 245 36 . . . 39142 246 1 So so RB 39142 246 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 246 3 measured measure VBD 39142 246 4 the the DT 39142 246 5 distance distance NN 39142 246 6 between between IN 39142 246 7 the the DT 39142 246 8 two two CD 39142 246 9 and and CC 39142 246 10 found find VBD 39142 246 11 it -PRON- PRP 39142 246 12 5,000 5,000 CD 39142 246 13 stadia stadia NN 39142 246 14 . . . 39142 247 1 This this DT 39142 247 2 figured figure VBD 39142 247 3 out out RP 39142 247 4 the the DT 39142 247 5 size size NN 39142 247 6 of of IN 39142 247 7 the the DT 39142 247 8 earth earth NN 39142 247 9 with with IN 39142 247 10 a a DT 39142 247 11 percentage percentage NN 39142 247 12 of of IN 39142 247 13 error error NN 39142 247 14 surprisingly surprisingly RB 39142 247 15 small small JJ 39142 247 16 when when WRB 39142 247 17 we -PRON- PRP 39142 247 18 consider consider VBP 39142 247 19 the the DT 39142 247 20 rough rough JJ 39142 247 21 means mean NNS 39142 247 22 with with IN 39142 247 23 which which WDT 39142 247 24 Eratosthenes Eratosthenes NNPS 39142 247 25 measured measure VBD 39142 247 26 the the DT 39142 247 27 sun sun NN 39142 247 28 's 's POS 39142 247 29 zenith zenith NNP 39142 247 30 distance distance NN 39142 247 31 and and CC 39142 247 32 the the DT 39142 247 33 distance distance NN 39142 247 34 between between IN 39142 247 35 the the DT 39142 247 36 two two CD 39142 247 37 stations station NNS 39142 247 38 . . . 39142 248 1 Greatest great JJS 39142 248 2 of of IN 39142 248 3 all all PDT 39142 248 4 the the DT 39142 248 5 Greek greek JJ 39142 248 6 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 248 7 and and CC 39142 248 8 one one CD 39142 248 9 of of IN 39142 248 10 the the DT 39142 248 11 greatest great JJS 39142 248 12 in in IN 39142 248 13 the the DT 39142 248 14 history history NN 39142 248 15 of of IN 39142 248 16 the the DT 39142 248 17 science science NN 39142 248 18 was be VBD 39142 248 19 Hipparchus Hipparchus NNP 39142 248 20 who who WP 39142 248 21 had have VBD 39142 248 22 an an DT 39142 248 23 observatory observatory NN 39142 248 24 at at IN 39142 248 25 Rhodes Rhodes NNP 39142 248 26 in in IN 39142 248 27 the the DT 39142 248 28 middle middle NN 39142 248 29 of of IN 39142 248 30 the the DT 39142 248 31 second second JJ 39142 248 32 century century NN 39142 248 33 B. B. NNP 39142 248 34 C. C. NNP 39142 248 35 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 248 36 activities activity NNS 39142 248 37 covered cover VBD 39142 248 38 every every DT 39142 248 39 department department NN 39142 248 40 of of IN 39142 248 41 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 248 42 ; ; : 39142 248 43 he -PRON- PRP 39142 248 44 made make VBD 39142 248 45 extensive extensive JJ 39142 248 46 series series NN 39142 248 47 of of IN 39142 248 48 observations observation NNS 39142 248 49 which which WDT 39142 248 50 he -PRON- PRP 39142 248 51 diligently diligently RB 39142 248 52 compared compare VBD 39142 248 53 with with IN 39142 248 54 those those DT 39142 248 55 handed hand VBN 39142 248 56 down down RP 39142 248 57 to to IN 39142 248 58 him -PRON- PRP 39142 248 59 by by IN 39142 248 60 the the DT 39142 248 61 earlier early JJR 39142 248 62 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 248 63 , , , 39142 248 64 especially especially RB 39142 248 65 Aristillus Aristillus NNP 39142 248 66 and and CC 39142 248 67 Timocharis Timocharis NNP 39142 248 68 . . . 39142 249 1 This this DT 39142 249 2 enabled enable VBD 39142 249 3 him -PRON- PRP 39142 249 4 to to TO 39142 249 5 ascertain ascertain VB 39142 249 6 the the DT 39142 249 7 motion motion NN 39142 249 8 of of IN 39142 249 9 the the DT 39142 249 10 equinoxial equinoxial JJ 39142 249 11 points point NNS 39142 249 12 , , , 39142 249 13 and and CC 39142 249 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 249 15 value value NN 39142 249 16 of of IN 39142 249 17 the the DT 39142 249 18 constant constant NN 39142 249 19 of of IN 39142 249 20 precession precession NN 39142 249 21 of of IN 39142 249 22 the the DT 39142 249 23 equinoxes equinox NNS 39142 249 24 is be VBZ 39142 249 25 exceedingly exceedingly RB 39142 249 26 accurate accurate JJ 39142 249 27 for for IN 39142 249 28 a a DT 39142 249 29 first first JJ 39142 249 30 determination determination NN 39142 249 31 . . . 39142 250 1 In in IN 39142 250 2 134 134 CD 39142 250 3 B. B. NNP 39142 250 4 C. C. NNP 39142 250 5 a a DT 39142 250 6 new new JJ 39142 250 7 star star NN 39142 250 8 blazed blaze VBD 39142 250 9 out out RP 39142 250 10 in in IN 39142 250 11 the the DT 39142 250 12 constellation constellation NN 39142 250 13 Scorpio Scorpio NNP 39142 250 14 , , , 39142 250 15 and and CC 39142 250 16 this this DT 39142 250 17 set set NN 39142 250 18 Hipparchus Hipparchus NNP 39142 250 19 at at IN 39142 250 20 work work NN 39142 250 21 on on IN 39142 250 22 a a DT 39142 250 23 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 250 24 of of IN 39142 250 25 the the DT 39142 250 26 brighter bright JJR 39142 250 27 stars star NNS 39142 250 28 of of IN 39142 250 29 the the DT 39142 250 30 firmament firmament NN 39142 250 31 , , , 39142 250 32 a a DT 39142 250 33 monumental monumental JJ 39142 250 34 work work NN 39142 250 35 of of IN 39142 250 36 true true JJ 39142 250 37 scientific scientific JJ 39142 250 38 conception conception NN 39142 250 39 , , , 39142 250 40 because because IN 39142 250 41 it -PRON- PRP 39142 250 42 would would MD 39142 250 43 enable enable VB 39142 250 44 the the DT 39142 250 45 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 250 46 of of IN 39142 250 47 future future JJ 39142 250 48 generations generation NNS 39142 250 49 to to TO 39142 250 50 ascertain ascertain VB 39142 250 51 what what WP 39142 250 52 changes change VBZ 39142 250 53 , , , 39142 250 54 if if IN 39142 250 55 any any DT 39142 250 56 , , , 39142 250 57 were be VBD 39142 250 58 taking take VBG 39142 250 59 place place NN 39142 250 60 in in IN 39142 250 61 the the DT 39142 250 62 stellar stellar JJ 39142 250 63 universe universe NN 39142 250 64 . . . 39142 251 1 There there EX 39142 251 2 were be VBD 39142 251 3 1,080 1,080 CD 39142 251 4 stars star NNS 39142 251 5 in in IN 39142 251 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 251 7 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 251 8 , , , 39142 251 9 and and CC 39142 251 10 he -PRON- PRP 39142 251 11 referred refer VBD 39142 251 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 251 13 positions position NNS 39142 251 14 to to IN 39142 251 15 the the DT 39142 251 16 ecliptic ecliptic NN 39142 251 17 and and CC 39142 251 18 the the DT 39142 251 19 equinoxes equinox NNS 39142 251 20 . . . 39142 252 1 Also also RB 39142 252 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 252 3 originated originate VBD 39142 252 4 the the DT 39142 252 5 present present JJ 39142 252 6 system system NN 39142 252 7 of of IN 39142 252 8 stellar stellar JJ 39142 252 9 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 252 10 or or CC 39142 252 11 orders order NNS 39142 252 12 of of IN 39142 252 13 brightness brightness NN 39142 252 14 , , , 39142 252 15 and and CC 39142 252 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 252 17 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 252 18 was be VBD 39142 252 19 in in IN 39142 252 20 use use NN 39142 252 21 as as IN 39142 252 22 a a DT 39142 252 23 standard standard NN 39142 252 24 for for IN 39142 252 25 many many JJ 39142 252 26 centuries century NNS 39142 252 27 . . . 39142 253 1 Hipparchus Hipparchus NNP 39142 253 2 was be VBD 39142 253 3 a a DT 39142 253 4 great great JJ 39142 253 5 mathematician mathematician NN 39142 253 6 as as RB 39142 253 7 well well RB 39142 253 8 , , , 39142 253 9 and and CC 39142 253 10 he -PRON- PRP 39142 253 11 devoted devote VBD 39142 253 12 himself -PRON- PRP 39142 253 13 to to IN 39142 253 14 the the DT 39142 253 15 improvement improvement NN 39142 253 16 of of IN 39142 253 17 the the DT 39142 253 18 method method NN 39142 253 19 of of IN 39142 253 20 applying apply VBG 39142 253 21 numerical numerical JJ 39142 253 22 calculations calculation NNS 39142 253 23 to to IN 39142 253 24 geometrical geometrical JJ 39142 253 25 figures figure NNS 39142 253 26 : : : 39142 253 27 trigonometry trigonometry NNP 39142 253 28 , , , 39142 253 29 both both CC 39142 253 30 plane plane NN 39142 253 31 and and CC 39142 253 32 spherical spherical JJ 39142 253 33 , , , 39142 253 34 that that RB 39142 253 35 is is RB 39142 253 36 ; ; : 39142 253 37 and and CC 39142 253 38 by by IN 39142 253 39 some some DT 39142 253 40 authorities authority NNS 39142 253 41 he -PRON- PRP 39142 253 42 is be VBZ 39142 253 43 regarded regard VBN 39142 253 44 as as IN 39142 253 45 the the DT 39142 253 46 inventor inventor NN 39142 253 47 of of IN 39142 253 48 original original JJ 39142 253 49 methods method NNS 39142 253 50 in in IN 39142 253 51 trigonometry trigonometry NNP 39142 253 52 . . . 39142 254 1 The the DT 39142 254 2 system system NN 39142 254 3 of of IN 39142 254 4 spheres sphere NNS 39142 254 5 of of IN 39142 254 6 Eudoxus Eudoxus NNP 39142 254 7 did do VBD 39142 254 8 not not RB 39142 254 9 satisfy satisfy VB 39142 254 10 him -PRON- PRP 39142 254 11 , , , 39142 254 12 so so RB 39142 254 13 he -PRON- PRP 39142 254 14 devised devise VBD 39142 254 15 a a DT 39142 254 16 method method NN 39142 254 17 of of IN 39142 254 18 representing represent VBG 39142 254 19 the the DT 39142 254 20 paths path NNS 39142 254 21 of of IN 39142 254 22 the the DT 39142 254 23 heavenly heavenly JJ 39142 254 24 bodies body NNS 39142 254 25 by by IN 39142 254 26 perfectly perfectly RB 39142 254 27 uniform uniform JJ 39142 254 28 motion motion NN 39142 254 29 in in IN 39142 254 30 circles circle NNS 39142 254 31 . . . 39142 255 1 There there EX 39142 255 2 is be VBZ 39142 255 3 slight slight JJ 39142 255 4 evidence evidence NN 39142 255 5 that that IN 39142 255 6 Apollonius Apollonius NNP 39142 255 7 of of IN 39142 255 8 Perga Perga NNP 39142 255 9 may may MD 39142 255 10 have have VB 39142 255 11 been be VBN 39142 255 12 the the DT 39142 255 13 originator originator NN 39142 255 14 of of IN 39142 255 15 the the DT 39142 255 16 system system NN 39142 255 17 , , , 39142 255 18 but but CC 39142 255 19 it -PRON- PRP 39142 255 20 was be VBD 39142 255 21 reserved reserve VBN 39142 255 22 for for IN 39142 255 23 Hipparchus Hipparchus NNP 39142 255 24 to to TO 39142 255 25 work work VB 39142 255 26 it -PRON- PRP 39142 255 27 out out RP 39142 255 28 in in IN 39142 255 29 final final JJ 39142 255 30 form form NN 39142 255 31 . . . 39142 256 1 This this DT 39142 256 2 enabled enable VBD 39142 256 3 him -PRON- PRP 39142 256 4 to to TO 39142 256 5 ascertain ascertain VB 39142 256 6 the the DT 39142 256 7 varying varying NN 39142 256 8 length length NN 39142 256 9 of of IN 39142 256 10 the the DT 39142 256 11 seasons season NNS 39142 256 12 , , , 39142 256 13 and and CC 39142 256 14 he -PRON- PRP 39142 256 15 fixed fix VBD 39142 256 16 the the DT 39142 256 17 true true JJ 39142 256 18 length length NN 39142 256 19 of of IN 39142 256 20 the the DT 39142 256 21 year year NN 39142 256 22 as as IN 39142 256 23 365 365 CD 39142 256 24 - - HYPH 39142 256 25 1/4 1/4 CD 39142 256 26 days day NNS 39142 256 27 . . . 39142 257 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 257 2 had have VBD 39142 257 3 almost almost RB 39142 257 4 equal equal JJ 39142 257 5 success success NN 39142 257 6 in in IN 39142 257 7 dealing deal VBG 39142 257 8 with with IN 39142 257 9 the the DT 39142 257 10 irregularities irregularity NNS 39142 257 11 of of IN 39142 257 12 the the DT 39142 257 13 moon moon NN 39142 257 14 's 's POS 39142 257 15 motion motion NN 39142 257 16 , , , 39142 257 17 although although IN 39142 257 18 the the DT 39142 257 19 problem problem NN 39142 257 20 is be VBZ 39142 257 21 much much RB 39142 257 22 more more RBR 39142 257 23 complicated complicated JJ 39142 257 24 . . . 39142 258 1 The the DT 39142 258 2 distance distance NN 39142 258 3 and and CC 39142 258 4 size size NN 39142 258 5 of of IN 39142 258 6 the the DT 39142 258 7 moon moon NN 39142 258 8 , , , 39142 258 9 by by IN 39142 258 10 the the DT 39142 258 11 method method NN 39142 258 12 of of IN 39142 258 13 Aristarchus Aristarchus NNP 39142 258 14 , , , 39142 258 15 were be VBD 39142 258 16 improved improve VBN 39142 258 17 by by IN 39142 258 18 him -PRON- PRP 39142 258 19 , , , 39142 258 20 and and CC 39142 258 21 he -PRON- PRP 39142 258 22 worked work VBD 39142 258 23 out out RP 39142 258 24 , , , 39142 258 25 for for IN 39142 258 26 the the DT 39142 258 27 distance distance NN 39142 258 28 of of IN 39142 258 29 the the DT 39142 258 30 sun sun NN 39142 258 31 , , , 39142 258 32 1,200 1,200 CD 39142 258 33 radii radii NN 39142 258 34 of of IN 39142 258 35 the the DT 39142 258 36 earth earth NN 39142 258 37 -- -- : 39142 258 38 a a DT 39142 258 39 classic classic NN 39142 258 40 for for IN 39142 258 41 many many JJ 39142 258 42 centuries century NNS 39142 258 43 . . . 39142 259 1 Hipparchus Hipparchus NNP 39142 259 2 devoted devote VBD 39142 259 3 much much JJ 39142 259 4 attention attention NN 39142 259 5 to to IN 39142 259 6 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 259 7 of of IN 39142 259 8 both both CC 39142 259 9 sun sun NN 39142 259 10 and and CC 39142 259 11 moon moon NN 39142 259 12 , , , 39142 259 13 and and CC 39142 259 14 we -PRON- PRP 39142 259 15 owe owe VBP 39142 259 16 to to IN 39142 259 17 him -PRON- PRP 39142 259 18 the the DT 39142 259 19 first first JJ 39142 259 20 elucidation elucidation NN 39142 259 21 of of IN 39142 259 22 the the DT 39142 259 23 subject subject NN 39142 259 24 of of IN 39142 259 25 parallax parallax NN 39142 259 26 , , , 39142 259 27 or or CC 39142 259 28 the the DT 39142 259 29 effect effect NN 39142 259 30 of of IN 39142 259 31 difference difference NN 39142 259 32 of of IN 39142 259 33 position position NN 39142 259 34 of of IN 39142 259 35 an an DT 39142 259 36 observer observer NN 39142 259 37 on on IN 39142 259 38 the the DT 39142 259 39 earth earth NN 39142 259 40 's 's POS 39142 259 41 surface surface NN 39142 259 42 as as IN 39142 259 43 affecting affect VBG 39142 259 44 the the DT 39142 259 45 apparent apparent JJ 39142 259 46 projection projection NN 39142 259 47 of of IN 39142 259 48 the the DT 39142 259 49 moon moon NN 39142 259 50 against against IN 39142 259 51 the the DT 39142 259 52 sun sun NN 39142 259 53 when when WRB 39142 259 54 a a DT 39142 259 55 solar solar JJ 39142 259 56 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 259 57 takes take VBZ 39142 259 58 place place NN 39142 259 59 ; ; : 39142 259 60 whereas whereas IN 39142 259 61 an an DT 39142 259 62 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 259 63 of of IN 39142 259 64 the the DT 39142 259 65 moon moon NN 39142 259 66 is be VBZ 39142 259 67 unaffected unaffected JJ 39142 259 68 by by IN 39142 259 69 parallax parallax NN 39142 259 70 and and CC 39142 259 71 can can MD 39142 259 72 be be VB 39142 259 73 seen see VBN 39142 259 74 at at IN 39142 259 75 the the DT 39142 259 76 same same JJ 39142 259 77 time time NN 39142 259 78 by by IN 39142 259 79 observers observer NNS 39142 259 80 everywhere everywhere RB 39142 259 81 , , , 39142 259 82 no no RB 39142 259 83 matter matter RB 39142 259 84 what what WP 39142 259 85 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 259 86 location location NN 39142 259 87 on on IN 39142 259 88 the the DT 39142 259 89 earth earth NN 39142 259 90 . . . 39142 260 1 Indeed indeed RB 39142 260 2 , , , 39142 260 3 with with IN 39142 260 4 all all DT 39142 260 5 that that WDT 39142 260 6 Hipparchus Hipparchus NNP 39142 260 7 achieved achieve VBN 39142 260 8 , , , 39142 260 9 we -PRON- PRP 39142 260 10 need need VBP 39142 260 11 not not RB 39142 260 12 be be VB 39142 260 13 surprised surprised JJ 39142 260 14 that that IN 39142 260 15 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 260 16 was be VBD 39142 260 17 regarded regard VBN 39142 260 18 as as IN 39142 260 19 a a DT 39142 260 20 finished finished JJ 39142 260 21 science science NN 39142 260 22 , , , 39142 260 23 and and CC 39142 260 24 made make VBD 39142 260 25 practically practically RB 39142 260 26 no no DT 39142 260 27 progress progress NN 39142 260 28 whatever whatever WDT 39142 260 29 for for IN 39142 260 30 centuries century NNS 39142 260 31 after after IN 39142 260 32 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 260 33 time time NN 39142 260 34 . . . 39142 261 1 Then then RB 39142 261 2 came come VBD 39142 261 3 Claudius Claudius NNP 39142 261 4 Ptolemæus Ptolemæus NNP 39142 261 5 , , , 39142 261 6 generally generally RB 39142 261 7 known know VBN 39142 261 8 as as IN 39142 261 9 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 261 10 , , , 39142 261 11 the the DT 39142 261 12 last last JJ 39142 261 13 great great JJ 39142 261 14 name name NN 39142 261 15 in in IN 39142 261 16 Greek greek JJ 39142 261 17 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 261 18 . . . 39142 262 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 262 2 lived live VBD 39142 262 3 in in IN 39142 262 4 Alexandria Alexandria NNP 39142 262 5 about about IN 39142 262 6 the the DT 39142 262 7 middle middle NN 39142 262 8 of of IN 39142 262 9 the the DT 39142 262 10 second second JJ 39142 262 11 century century NN 39142 262 12 A. A. NNP 39142 262 13 D. D. NNP 39142 262 14 and and CC 39142 262 15 wrote write VBD 39142 262 16 many many JJ 39142 262 17 minor minor JJ 39142 262 18 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 262 19 and and CC 39142 262 20 astrological astrological JJ 39142 262 21 treatises treatise NNS 39142 262 22 , , , 39142 262 23 also also RB 39142 262 24 works work VBZ 39142 262 25 on on IN 39142 262 26 geography geography NN 39142 262 27 and and CC 39142 262 28 optics optic NNS 39142 262 29 , , , 39142 262 30 in in IN 39142 262 31 the the DT 39142 262 32 last last JJ 39142 262 33 of of IN 39142 262 34 which which WDT 39142 262 35 the the DT 39142 262 36 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 39142 262 37 refraction refraction NN 39142 262 38 of of IN 39142 262 39 rays ray NNS 39142 262 40 of of IN 39142 262 41 light light NN 39142 262 42 from from IN 39142 262 43 the the DT 39142 262 44 heavenly heavenly JJ 39142 262 45 bodies body NNS 39142 262 46 , , , 39142 262 47 apparently apparently RB 39142 262 48 elevating elevate VBG 39142 262 49 them -PRON- PRP 39142 262 50 toward toward IN 39142 262 51 the the DT 39142 262 52 zenith zenith NN 39142 262 53 , , , 39142 262 54 is be VBZ 39142 262 55 first first RB 39142 262 56 dealt deal VBN 39142 262 57 with with IN 39142 262 58 in in IN 39142 262 59 true true JJ 39142 262 60 form form NN 39142 262 61 . . . 39142 263 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39142 263 2 VI VI NNP 39142 263 3 PTOLEMY PTOLEMY NNP 39142 263 4 AND and CC 39142 263 5 HIS his PRP$ 39142 263 6 GREAT great JJ 39142 263 7 BOOK BOOK NNP 39142 263 8 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 263 9 was be VBD 39142 263 10 an an DT 39142 263 11 observer observer NN 39142 263 12 of of IN 39142 263 13 the the DT 39142 263 14 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 263 15 , , , 39142 263 16 though though IN 39142 263 17 not not RB 39142 263 18 of of IN 39142 263 19 the the DT 39142 263 20 highest high JJS 39142 263 21 order order NN 39142 263 22 ; ; : 39142 263 23 but but CC 39142 263 24 he -PRON- PRP 39142 263 25 had have VBD 39142 263 26 all all PDT 39142 263 27 the the DT 39142 263 28 work work NN 39142 263 29 of of IN 39142 263 30 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 263 31 predecessors predecessor NNS 39142 263 32 , , , 39142 263 33 best good JJS 39142 263 34 of of IN 39142 263 35 all all DT 39142 263 36 Hipparchus Hipparchus NNP 39142 263 37 , , , 39142 263 38 to to TO 39142 263 39 build build VB 39142 263 40 upon upon IN 39142 263 41 . . . 39142 264 1 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 264 2 's 's POS 39142 264 3 greatest great JJS 39142 264 4 work work NN 39142 264 5 was be VBD 39142 264 6 the the DT 39142 264 7 " " `` 39142 264 8 Megale Megale NNP 39142 264 9 Syntaxis Syntaxis NNP 39142 264 10 , , , 39142 264 11 " " '' 39142 264 12 generally generally RB 39142 264 13 known know VBN 39142 264 14 as as IN 39142 264 15 the the DT 39142 264 16 Almagest Almagest NNP 39142 264 17 . . . 39142 265 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 265 2 forms form VBZ 39142 265 3 a a DT 39142 265 4 nearly nearly RB 39142 265 5 complete complete JJ 39142 265 6 compendium compendium NN 39142 265 7 of of IN 39142 265 8 the the DT 39142 265 9 ancient ancient JJ 39142 265 10 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 265 11 , , , 39142 265 12 and and CC 39142 265 13 although although IN 39142 265 14 it -PRON- PRP 39142 265 15 embodies embody VBZ 39142 265 16 much much JJ 39142 265 17 error error NN 39142 265 18 , , , 39142 265 19 because because IN 39142 265 20 built build VBN 39142 265 21 on on IN 39142 265 22 a a DT 39142 265 23 wrong wrong JJ 39142 265 24 theory theory NN 39142 265 25 , , , 39142 265 26 the the DT 39142 265 27 Almagest Almagest NNP 39142 265 28 nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 265 29 is be VBZ 39142 265 30 competent competent JJ 39142 265 31 to to TO 39142 265 32 follow follow VB 39142 265 33 the the DT 39142 265 34 motions motion NNS 39142 265 35 of of IN 39142 265 36 all all PDT 39142 265 37 the the DT 39142 265 38 bodies body NNS 39142 265 39 in in IN 39142 265 40 the the DT 39142 265 41 sky sky NN 39142 265 42 with with IN 39142 265 43 a a DT 39142 265 44 close close JJ 39142 265 45 approach approach NN 39142 265 46 to to IN 39142 265 47 accuracy accuracy NN 39142 265 48 , , , 39142 265 49 even even RB 39142 265 50 at at IN 39142 265 51 the the DT 39142 265 52 present present JJ 39142 265 53 day day NN 39142 265 54 . . . 39142 266 1 This this DT 39142 266 2 marvelous marvelous JJ 39142 266 3 work work NN 39142 266 4 written write VBN 39142 266 5 at at IN 39142 266 6 this this DT 39142 266 7 critical critical JJ 39142 266 8 epoch epoch NN 39142 266 9 became become VBD 39142 266 10 as as RB 39142 266 11 authoritative authoritative JJ 39142 266 12 as as IN 39142 266 13 the the DT 39142 266 14 philosophy philosophy NN 39142 266 15 of of IN 39142 266 16 Aristotle Aristotle NNP 39142 266 17 , , , 39142 266 18 and and CC 39142 266 19 for for IN 39142 266 20 many many JJ 39142 266 21 centuries century NNS 39142 266 22 it -PRON- PRP 39142 266 23 was be VBD 39142 266 24 the the DT 39142 266 25 last last JJ 39142 266 26 word word NN 39142 266 27 in in IN 39142 266 28 the the DT 39142 266 29 science science NN 39142 266 30 . . . 39142 267 1 The the DT 39142 267 2 old old JJ 39142 267 3 astrology astrology NN 39142 267 4 held hold VBD 39142 267 5 full full JJ 39142 267 6 sway sway NN 39142 267 7 , , , 39142 267 8 and and CC 39142 267 9 the the DT 39142 267 10 Ptolemaic Ptolemaic NNP 39142 267 11 theory theory NN 39142 267 12 of of IN 39142 267 13 the the DT 39142 267 14 universe universe NN 39142 267 15 supplied supply VBD 39142 267 16 everything everything NN 39142 267 17 necessary necessary JJ 39142 267 18 : : : 39142 267 19 further further JJ 39142 267 20 progress progress NN 39142 267 21 , , , 39142 267 22 indeed indeed RB 39142 267 23 , , , 39142 267 24 was be VBD 39142 267 25 deemed deem VBN 39142 267 26 impossible impossible JJ 39142 267 27 . . . 39142 268 1 The the DT 39142 268 2 Almagest Almagest NNP 39142 268 3 comprises comprise VBZ 39142 268 4 in in IN 39142 268 5 all all DT 39142 268 6 thirteen thirteen CD 39142 268 7 books book NNS 39142 268 8 , , , 39142 268 9 the the DT 39142 268 10 first first JJ 39142 268 11 two two CD 39142 268 12 of of IN 39142 268 13 which which WDT 39142 268 14 deal deal VBP 39142 268 15 with with IN 39142 268 16 the the DT 39142 268 17 simpler simple JJR 39142 268 18 observations observation NNS 39142 268 19 of of IN 39142 268 20 the the DT 39142 268 21 celestial celestial JJ 39142 268 22 sphere sphere NN 39142 268 23 , , , 39142 268 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 268 25 own own JJ 39142 268 26 motion motion NN 39142 268 27 and and CC 39142 268 28 the the DT 39142 268 29 apparent apparent JJ 39142 268 30 motions motion NNS 39142 268 31 of of IN 39142 268 32 sun sun NN 39142 268 33 , , , 39142 268 34 moon moon NN 39142 268 35 , , , 39142 268 36 and and CC 39142 268 37 planets planet NNS 39142 268 38 upon upon IN 39142 268 39 it -PRON- PRP 39142 268 40 . . . 39142 269 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 269 2 discusses discuss VBZ 39142 269 3 , , , 39142 269 4 too too RB 39142 269 5 , , , 39142 269 6 the the DT 39142 269 7 postulates postulate NNS 39142 269 8 of of IN 39142 269 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 269 10 system system NN 39142 269 11 and and CC 39142 269 12 exhibits exhibit VBZ 39142 269 13 great great JJ 39142 269 14 skill skill NN 39142 269 15 as as IN 39142 269 16 an an DT 39142 269 17 original original JJ 39142 269 18 geometer geometer NN 39142 269 19 and and CC 39142 269 20 mathematician mathematician NN 39142 269 21 . . . 39142 270 1 In in IN 39142 270 2 the the DT 39142 270 3 third third JJ 39142 270 4 book book NN 39142 270 5 he -PRON- PRP 39142 270 6 takes take VBZ 39142 270 7 up up RP 39142 270 8 the the DT 39142 270 9 length length NN 39142 270 10 of of IN 39142 270 11 the the DT 39142 270 12 year year NN 39142 270 13 , , , 39142 270 14 and and CC 39142 270 15 in in IN 39142 270 16 the the DT 39142 270 17 fourth fourth JJ 39142 270 18 book book NN 39142 270 19 similarly similarly RB 39142 270 20 the the DT 39142 270 21 moon moon NN 39142 270 22 and and CC 39142 270 23 the the DT 39142 270 24 length length NN 39142 270 25 of of IN 39142 270 26 the the DT 39142 270 27 month month NN 39142 270 28 . . . 39142 271 1 Here here RB 39142 271 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 271 3 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 271 4 powers power NNS 39142 271 5 are be VBP 39142 271 6 at at IN 39142 271 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 271 8 best good JJS 39142 271 9 , , , 39142 271 10 and and CC 39142 271 11 he -PRON- PRP 39142 271 12 made make VBD 39142 271 13 a a DT 39142 271 14 discovery discovery NN 39142 271 15 of of IN 39142 271 16 an an DT 39142 271 17 inequality inequality NN 39142 271 18 in in IN 39142 271 19 the the DT 39142 271 20 moon moon NN 39142 271 21 's 's POS 39142 271 22 motion motion NN 39142 271 23 known know VBN 39142 271 24 as as IN 39142 271 25 the the DT 39142 271 26 evection evection NN 39142 271 27 . . . 39142 272 1 Book book NN 39142 272 2 five five CD 39142 272 3 describes describe VBZ 39142 272 4 the the DT 39142 272 5 construction construction NN 39142 272 6 and and CC 39142 272 7 use use NN 39142 272 8 of of IN 39142 272 9 the the DT 39142 272 10 astrolabe astrolabe NNP 39142 272 11 , , , 39142 272 12 a a DT 39142 272 13 combination combination NN 39142 272 14 of of IN 39142 272 15 graduated graduated JJ 39142 272 16 circles circle NNS 39142 272 17 with with IN 39142 272 18 which which WDT 39142 272 19 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 272 20 made make VBD 39142 272 21 most most JJS 39142 272 22 of of IN 39142 272 23 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 272 24 observations observation NNS 39142 272 25 . . . 39142 273 1 In in IN 39142 273 2 the the DT 39142 273 3 sixth sixth JJ 39142 273 4 book book NN 39142 273 5 he -PRON- PRP 39142 273 6 follows follow VBZ 39142 273 7 mainly mainly RB 39142 273 8 Hipparchus Hipparchus NNP 39142 273 9 in in IN 39142 273 10 dealing deal VBG 39142 273 11 with with IN 39142 273 12 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 273 13 of of IN 39142 273 14 sun sun NN 39142 273 15 and and CC 39142 273 16 moon moon NN 39142 273 17 . . . 39142 274 1 In in IN 39142 274 2 the the DT 39142 274 3 seventh seventh JJ 39142 274 4 and and CC 39142 274 5 eighth eighth JJ 39142 274 6 books book NNS 39142 274 7 he -PRON- PRP 39142 274 8 discusses discuss VBZ 39142 274 9 the the DT 39142 274 10 motion motion NN 39142 274 11 of of IN 39142 274 12 the the DT 39142 274 13 equinox equinox NN 39142 274 14 , , , 39142 274 15 and and CC 39142 274 16 embodies embody VBZ 39142 274 17 a a DT 39142 274 18 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 274 19 of of IN 39142 274 20 1,028 1,028 CD 39142 274 21 stars star NNS 39142 274 22 , , , 39142 274 23 substantially substantially RB 39142 274 24 as as IN 39142 274 25 in in IN 39142 274 26 Hipparchus Hipparchus NNP 39142 274 27 . . . 39142 275 1 The the DT 39142 275 2 five five CD 39142 275 3 remaining remain VBG 39142 275 4 books book NNS 39142 275 5 of of IN 39142 275 6 the the DT 39142 275 7 Almagest Almagest NNP 39142 275 8 deal deal NN 39142 275 9 with with IN 39142 275 10 the the DT 39142 275 11 planetary planetary NN 39142 275 12 motions motion NNS 39142 275 13 , , , 39142 275 14 and and CC 39142 275 15 are be VBP 39142 275 16 the the DT 39142 275 17 most most RBS 39142 275 18 important important JJ 39142 275 19 of of IN 39142 275 20 all all DT 39142 275 21 of of IN 39142 275 22 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 275 23 's 's POS 39142 275 24 original original JJ 39142 275 25 contributions contribution NNS 39142 275 26 to to IN 39142 275 27 astronomy astronomy NNP 39142 275 28 . . . 39142 276 1 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 276 2 's 's POS 39142 276 3 fundamental fundamental JJ 39142 276 4 doctrines doctrine NNS 39142 276 5 were be VBD 39142 276 6 that that IN 39142 276 7 the the DT 39142 276 8 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 276 9 are be VBP 39142 276 10 spherical spherical JJ 39142 276 11 in in IN 39142 276 12 form form NN 39142 276 13 , , , 39142 276 14 all all PDT 39142 276 15 the the DT 39142 276 16 heavenly heavenly JJ 39142 276 17 motions motion NNS 39142 276 18 being be VBG 39142 276 19 in in IN 39142 276 20 circles circle NNS 39142 276 21 . . . 39142 277 1 In in IN 39142 277 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 277 3 view view NN 39142 277 4 , , , 39142 277 5 the the DT 39142 277 6 earth earth NN 39142 277 7 too too RB 39142 277 8 is be VBZ 39142 277 9 spherical spherical JJ 39142 277 10 , , , 39142 277 11 and and CC 39142 277 12 it -PRON- PRP 39142 277 13 is be VBZ 39142 277 14 located locate VBN 39142 277 15 at at IN 39142 277 16 the the DT 39142 277 17 center center NN 39142 277 18 of of IN 39142 277 19 the the DT 39142 277 20 universe universe NN 39142 277 21 , , , 39142 277 22 being be VBG 39142 277 23 only only RB 39142 277 24 a a DT 39142 277 25 point point NN 39142 277 26 , , , 39142 277 27 as as IN 39142 277 28 it -PRON- PRP 39142 277 29 were be VBD 39142 277 30 , , , 39142 277 31 in in IN 39142 277 32 comparison comparison NN 39142 277 33 . . . 39142 278 1 All all DT 39142 278 2 was be VBD 39142 278 3 founded found VBN 39142 278 4 on on IN 39142 278 5 mere mere JJ 39142 278 6 appearance appearance NN 39142 278 7 combined combine VBN 39142 278 8 with with IN 39142 278 9 the the DT 39142 278 10 philosophical philosophical JJ 39142 278 11 notion notion NN 39142 278 12 that that IN 39142 278 13 the the DT 39142 278 14 circle circle NN 39142 278 15 being be VBG 39142 278 16 the the DT 39142 278 17 only only JJ 39142 278 18 perfect perfect JJ 39142 278 19 curve curve NN 39142 278 20 , , , 39142 278 21 all all DT 39142 278 22 motions motion NNS 39142 278 23 of of IN 39142 278 24 heavenly heavenly JJ 39142 278 25 bodies body NNS 39142 278 26 must must MD 39142 278 27 take take VB 39142 278 28 place place NN 39142 278 29 in in IN 39142 278 30 earth earth NN 39142 278 31 - - HYPH 39142 278 32 centered center VBN 39142 278 33 circles circle NNS 39142 278 34 . . . 39142 279 1 For for IN 39142 279 2 fourteen fourteen CD 39142 279 3 or or CC 39142 279 4 fifteen fifteen CD 39142 279 5 centuries century NNS 39142 279 6 this this DT 39142 279 7 false false JJ 39142 279 8 theory theory NN 39142 279 9 persisted persist VBD 39142 279 10 , , , 39142 279 11 on on IN 39142 279 12 the the DT 39142 279 13 authority authority NN 39142 279 14 of of IN 39142 279 15 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 279 16 and and CC 39142 279 17 the the DT 39142 279 18 Almagest Almagest NNP 39142 279 19 , , , 39142 279 20 rendering render VBG 39142 279 21 progress progress NN 39142 279 22 toward toward IN 39142 279 23 the the DT 39142 279 24 development development NN 39142 279 25 of of IN 39142 279 26 the the DT 39142 279 27 true true JJ 39142 279 28 theory theory NN 39142 279 29 impossible impossible JJ 39142 279 30 . . . 39142 280 1 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 280 2 correctly correctly RB 39142 280 3 argued argue VBD 39142 280 4 that that IN 39142 280 5 the the DT 39142 280 6 earth earth NN 39142 280 7 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 280 8 is be VBZ 39142 280 9 a a DT 39142 280 10 sphere sphere NN 39142 280 11 that that WDT 39142 280 12 is be VBZ 39142 280 13 curved curve VBN 39142 280 14 from from IN 39142 280 15 east east NNP 39142 280 16 to to IN 39142 280 17 west west NN 39142 280 18 , , , 39142 280 19 and and CC 39142 280 20 from from IN 39142 280 21 north north NN 39142 280 22 to to IN 39142 280 23 south south RB 39142 280 24 as as RB 39142 280 25 well well RB 39142 280 26 , , , 39142 280 27 clinching clinch VBG 39142 280 28 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 280 29 argument argument NN 39142 280 30 , , , 39142 280 31 as as IN 39142 280 32 we -PRON- PRP 39142 280 33 do do VBP 39142 280 34 to to IN 39142 280 35 - - HYPH 39142 280 36 day day NN 39142 280 37 , , , 39142 280 38 by by IN 39142 280 39 the the DT 39142 280 40 visibility visibility NN 39142 280 41 of of IN 39142 280 42 objects object NNS 39142 280 43 at at IN 39142 280 44 sea sea NN 39142 280 45 , , , 39142 280 46 the the DT 39142 280 47 lower low JJR 39142 280 48 portions portion NNS 39142 280 49 of of IN 39142 280 50 which which WDT 39142 280 51 are be VBP 39142 280 52 at at IN 39142 280 53 first first RB 39142 280 54 concealed conceal VBN 39142 280 55 from from IN 39142 280 56 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 280 57 view view NN 39142 280 58 by by IN 39142 280 59 the the DT 39142 280 60 curved curved JJ 39142 280 61 surface surface NN 39142 280 62 of of IN 39142 280 63 the the DT 39142 280 64 water water NN 39142 280 65 which which WDT 39142 280 66 intervenes intervene VBZ 39142 280 67 . . . 39142 281 1 To to IN 39142 281 2 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 281 3 also also RB 39142 281 4 the the DT 39142 281 5 earth earth NN 39142 281 6 is be VBZ 39142 281 7 at at IN 39142 281 8 the the DT 39142 281 9 center center NN 39142 281 10 of of IN 39142 281 11 the the DT 39142 281 12 celestial celestial JJ 39142 281 13 sphere sphere NN 39142 281 14 , , , 39142 281 15 and and CC 39142 281 16 it -PRON- PRP 39142 281 17 has have VBZ 39142 281 18 no no DT 39142 281 19 motion motion NN 39142 281 20 of of IN 39142 281 21 translation translation NN 39142 281 22 from from IN 39142 281 23 that that DT 39142 281 24 point point NN 39142 281 25 ; ; : 39142 281 26 but but CC 39142 281 27 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 281 28 argument argument NN 39142 281 29 fails fail VBZ 39142 281 30 to to TO 39142 281 31 prove prove VB 39142 281 32 this this DT 39142 281 33 . . . 39142 282 1 Truth truth NN 39142 282 2 and and CC 39142 282 3 error error NN 39142 282 4 , , , 39142 282 5 indeed indeed RB 39142 282 6 , , , 39142 282 7 are be VBP 39142 282 8 so so RB 39142 282 9 deftly deftly RB 39142 282 10 intermingled intermingle VBN 39142 282 11 that that IN 39142 282 12 one one NN 39142 282 13 is be VBZ 39142 282 14 led lead VBN 39142 282 15 to to TO 39142 282 16 wonder wonder VB 39142 282 17 why why WRB 39142 282 18 the the DT 39142 282 19 keen keen JJ 39142 282 20 intelligence intelligence NN 39142 282 21 of of IN 39142 282 22 this this DT 39142 282 23 great great JJ 39142 282 24 philosopher philosopher NN 39142 282 25 permitted permit VBD 39142 282 26 him -PRON- PRP 39142 282 27 to to TO 39142 282 28 reject reject VB 39142 282 29 the the DT 39142 282 30 simple simple JJ 39142 282 31 doctrine doctrine NN 39142 282 32 of of IN 39142 282 33 the the DT 39142 282 34 earth earth NN 39142 282 35 's 's POS 39142 282 36 rotation rotation NN 39142 282 37 on on IN 39142 282 38 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 282 39 axis axis NN 39142 282 40 . . . 39142 283 1 But but CC 39142 283 2 if if IN 39142 283 3 we -PRON- PRP 39142 283 4 reflect reflect VBP 39142 283 5 that that IN 39142 283 6 there there EX 39142 283 7 was be VBD 39142 283 8 then then RB 39142 283 9 no no DT 39142 283 10 science science NN 39142 283 11 of of IN 39142 283 12 natural natural JJ 39142 283 13 philosophy philosophy NN 39142 283 14 or or CC 39142 283 15 physics physics NN 39142 283 16 proper proper JJ 39142 283 17 , , , 39142 283 18 and and CC 39142 283 19 that that IN 39142 283 20 the the DT 39142 283 21 age age NN 39142 283 22 was be VBD 39142 283 23 wholly wholly RB 39142 283 24 undeveloped undeveloped JJ 39142 283 25 along along IN 39142 283 26 the the DT 39142 283 27 lines line NNS 39142 283 28 of of IN 39142 283 29 practical practical JJ 39142 283 30 mechanics mechanic NNS 39142 283 31 , , , 39142 283 32 we -PRON- PRP 39142 283 33 shall shall MD 39142 283 34 see see VB 39142 283 35 why why WRB 39142 283 36 the the DT 39142 283 37 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 283 38 of of IN 39142 283 39 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 283 40 's 's POS 39142 283 41 time time NN 39142 283 42 and and CC 39142 283 43 subsequent subsequent JJ 39142 283 44 centuries century NNS 39142 283 45 were be VBD 39142 283 46 content content JJ 39142 283 47 to to TO 39142 283 48 accept accept VB 39142 283 49 the the DT 39142 283 50 doctrines doctrine NNS 39142 283 51 of of IN 39142 283 52 the the DT 39142 283 53 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 283 54 as as IN 39142 283 55 formulated formulate VBN 39142 283 56 by by IN 39142 283 57 him -PRON- PRP 39142 283 58 . . . 39142 284 1 When when WRB 39142 284 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 284 3 came come VBD 39142 284 4 to to IN 39142 284 5 explaining explain VBG 39142 284 6 the the DT 39142 284 7 movements movement NNS 39142 284 8 of of IN 39142 284 9 the the DT 39142 284 10 " " `` 39142 284 11 wandering wander VBG 39142 284 12 stars star NNS 39142 284 13 , , , 39142 284 14 " " '' 39142 284 15 or or CC 39142 284 16 planets planet NNS 39142 284 17 , , , 39142 284 18 as as IN 39142 284 19 we -PRON- PRP 39142 284 20 term term VBP 39142 284 21 them -PRON- PRP 39142 284 22 , , , 39142 284 23 the the DT 39142 284 24 Ptolemaic Ptolemaic NNP 39142 284 25 theory theory NN 39142 284 26 was be VBD 39142 284 27 very very RB 39142 284 28 happy happy JJ 39142 284 29 in in IN 39142 284 30 so so RB 39142 284 31 far far RB 39142 284 32 as as IN 39142 284 33 accuracy accuracy NN 39142 284 34 was be VBD 39142 284 35 concerned concern VBN 39142 284 36 , , , 39142 284 37 but but CC 39142 284 38 very very RB 39142 284 39 unhappy unhappy JJ 39142 284 40 when when WRB 39142 284 41 it -PRON- PRP 39142 284 42 had have VBD 39142 284 43 to to TO 39142 284 44 account account VB 39142 284 45 for for IN 39142 284 46 the the DT 39142 284 47 actual actual JJ 39142 284 48 mechanics mechanic NNS 39142 284 49 of of IN 39142 284 50 the the DT 39142 284 51 cosmos cosmos NNP 39142 284 52 in in IN 39142 284 53 space space NN 39142 284 54 . . . 39142 285 1 Sun Sun NNP 39142 285 2 and and CC 39142 285 3 moon moon NN 39142 285 4 were be VBD 39142 285 5 the the DT 39142 285 6 only only JJ 39142 285 7 bodies body NNS 39142 285 8 that that WDT 39142 285 9 went go VBD 39142 285 10 steadily steadily RB 39142 285 11 onward onward RB 39142 285 12 , , , 39142 285 13 easterly easterly RB 39142 285 14 : : : 39142 285 15 whereas whereas IN 39142 285 16 all all PDT 39142 285 17 the the DT 39142 285 18 others other NNS 39142 285 19 , , , 39142 285 20 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 285 21 , , , 39142 285 22 Venus Venus NNP 39142 285 23 , , , 39142 285 24 Mars Mars NNP 39142 285 25 , , , 39142 285 26 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 285 27 , , , 39142 285 28 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 285 29 , , , 39142 285 30 although although IN 39142 285 31 they -PRON- PRP 39142 285 32 moved move VBD 39142 285 33 easterly easterly RB 39142 285 34 most most JJS 39142 285 35 of of IN 39142 285 36 the the DT 39142 285 37 time time NN 39142 285 38 , , , 39142 285 39 nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 285 40 would would MD 39142 285 41 at at IN 39142 285 42 intervals interval NNS 39142 285 43 slow slow VB 39142 285 44 down down RP 39142 285 45 to to IN 39142 285 46 stationary stationary JJ 39142 285 47 points point NNS 39142 285 48 , , , 39142 285 49 where where WRB 39142 285 50 for for IN 39142 285 51 a a DT 39142 285 52 time time NN 39142 285 53 they -PRON- PRP 39142 285 54 did do VBD 39142 285 55 not not RB 39142 285 56 move move VB 39142 285 57 at at RB 39142 285 58 all all RB 39142 285 59 , , , 39142 285 60 and and CC 39142 285 61 then then RB 39142 285 62 actually actually RB 39142 285 63 go go VBP 39142 285 64 backward backward JJ 39142 285 65 to to IN 39142 285 66 the the DT 39142 285 67 west west NN 39142 285 68 , , , 39142 285 69 or or CC 39142 285 70 retrograde retrograde NN 39142 285 71 , , , 39142 285 72 then then RB 39142 285 73 become become VB 39142 285 74 stationary stationary JJ 39142 285 75 again again RB 39142 285 76 , , , 39142 285 77 finally finally RB 39142 285 78 resuming resume VBG 39142 285 79 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 285 80 regular regular JJ 39142 285 81 onward onward JJ 39142 285 82 motion motion NN 39142 285 83 to to IN 39142 285 84 the the DT 39142 285 85 east east NN 39142 285 86 . . . 39142 286 1 To to TO 39142 286 2 help help VB 39142 286 3 out out IN 39142 286 4 of of IN 39142 286 5 this this DT 39142 286 6 difficulty difficulty NN 39142 286 7 , , , 39142 286 8 the the DT 39142 286 9 worst bad JJS 39142 286 10 possible possible JJ 39142 286 11 mechanical mechanical JJ 39142 286 12 scheme scheme NN 39142 286 13 was be VBD 39142 286 14 invented invent VBN 39142 286 15 , , , 39142 286 16 that that DT 39142 286 17 known know VBN 39142 286 18 as as IN 39142 286 19 the the DT 39142 286 20 epicycle epicycle NN 39142 286 21 . . . 39142 287 1 Each each DT 39142 287 2 of of IN 39142 287 3 the the DT 39142 287 4 five five CD 39142 287 5 planets planet NNS 39142 287 6 was be VBD 39142 287 7 supposed suppose VBN 39142 287 8 to to TO 39142 287 9 have have VB 39142 287 10 a a DT 39142 287 11 fictitious fictitious JJ 39142 287 12 " " `` 39142 287 13 double double JJ 39142 287 14 , , , 39142 287 15 " " '' 39142 287 16 which which WDT 39142 287 17 traveled travel VBD 39142 287 18 eastward eastward RB 39142 287 19 with with IN 39142 287 20 uniformity uniformity NN 39142 287 21 , , , 39142 287 22 attached attach VBN 39142 287 23 to to IN 39142 287 24 the the DT 39142 287 25 end end NN 39142 287 26 of of IN 39142 287 27 a a DT 39142 287 28 huge huge JJ 39142 287 29 but but CC 39142 287 30 mechanically mechanically RB 39142 287 31 impossible impossible JJ 39142 287 32 bar bar NN 39142 287 33 . . . 39142 288 1 The the DT 39142 288 2 earth earth NN 39142 288 3 - - HYPH 39142 288 4 centered center VBN 39142 288 5 circle circle NN 39142 288 6 in in IN 39142 288 7 which which WDT 39142 288 8 this this DT 39142 288 9 traveled travel VBN 39142 288 10 round round NN 39142 288 11 was be VBD 39142 288 12 called call VBN 39142 288 13 the the DT 39142 288 14 " " `` 39142 288 15 deferent deferent JJ 39142 288 16 . . . 39142 288 17 " " '' 39142 289 1 What what WP 39142 289 2 this this DT 39142 289 3 bar bar NN 39142 289 4 was be VBD 39142 289 5 made make VBN 39142 289 6 of of IN 39142 289 7 , , , 39142 289 8 what what WP 39142 289 9 stresses stress VBZ 39142 289 10 it -PRON- PRP 39142 289 11 would would MD 39142 289 12 be be VB 39142 289 13 subjected subject VBN 39142 289 14 to to IN 39142 289 15 , , , 39142 289 16 or or CC 39142 289 17 what what WP 39142 289 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 289 19 size size NN 39142 289 20 would would MD 39142 289 21 have have VB 39142 289 22 to to TO 39142 289 23 be be VB 39142 289 24 in in IN 39142 289 25 order order NN 39142 289 26 to to TO 39142 289 27 keep keep VB 39142 289 28 from from IN 39142 289 29 breaking breaking NN 39142 289 30 -- -- : 39142 289 31 none none NN 39142 289 32 of of IN 39142 289 33 these these DT 39142 289 34 questions question NNS 39142 289 35 seems seem VBZ 39142 289 36 to to TO 39142 289 37 have have VB 39142 289 38 agitated agitate VBN 39142 289 39 the the DT 39142 289 40 ancient ancient JJ 39142 289 41 and and CC 39142 289 42 medieval medieval JJ 39142 289 43 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 289 44 , , , 39142 289 45 any any DT 39142 289 46 more more JJR 39142 289 47 than than IN 39142 289 48 the the DT 39142 289 49 flat flat JJ 39142 289 50 - - HYPH 39142 289 51 earth earth NN 39142 289 52 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 289 53 of of IN 39142 289 54 the the DT 39142 289 55 Hindu Hindu NNP 39142 289 56 is be VBZ 39142 289 57 troubled trouble VBN 39142 289 58 by by IN 39142 289 59 the the DT 39142 289 60 necessity necessity NN 39142 289 61 of of IN 39142 289 62 something something NN 39142 289 63 to to TO 39142 289 64 hold hold VB 39142 289 65 up up RP 39142 289 66 the the DT 39142 289 67 tortoise tortoise NN 39142 289 68 that that WDT 39142 289 69 holds hold VBZ 39142 289 70 up up IN 39142 289 71 the the DT 39142 289 72 elephant elephant NN 39142 289 73 that that WDT 39142 289 74 holds hold VBZ 39142 289 75 up up IN 39142 289 76 the the DT 39142 289 77 earth earth NN 39142 289 78 . . . 39142 290 1 But but CC 39142 290 2 at at IN 39142 290 3 the the DT 39142 290 4 end end NN 39142 290 5 of of IN 39142 290 6 this this DT 39142 290 7 bar bar NN 39142 290 8 is be VBZ 39142 290 9 jointed joint VBN 39142 290 10 or or CC 39142 290 11 swiveled swivel VBN 39142 290 12 another another DT 39142 290 13 shorter short JJR 39142 290 14 bar bar NN 39142 290 15 , , , 39142 290 16 to to IN 39142 290 17 the the DT 39142 290 18 revolving revolving JJ 39142 290 19 end end NN 39142 290 20 of of IN 39142 290 21 which which WDT 39142 290 22 is be VBZ 39142 290 23 attached attach VBN 39142 290 24 the the DT 39142 290 25 actual actual JJ 39142 290 26 planet planet NN 39142 290 27 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 290 28 ; ; : 39142 290 29 and and CC 39142 290 30 the the DT 39142 290 31 second second JJ 39142 290 32 bar bar NN 39142 290 33 , , , 39142 290 34 by by IN 39142 290 35 swinging swinge VBG 39142 290 36 once once RB 39142 290 37 round round IN 39142 290 38 the the DT 39142 290 39 end end NN 39142 290 40 of of IN 39142 290 41 the the DT 39142 290 42 primary primary JJ 39142 290 43 advancing advance VBG 39142 290 44 bar bar NN 39142 290 45 , , , 39142 290 46 would would MD 39142 290 47 account account VB 39142 290 48 for for IN 39142 290 49 the the DT 39142 290 50 backward backward JJ 39142 290 51 or or CC 39142 290 52 retrograde retrograde JJ 39142 290 53 motion motion NN 39142 290 54 of of IN 39142 290 55 the the DT 39142 290 56 planet planet NN 39142 290 57 as as IN 39142 290 58 seen see VBN 39142 290 59 in in IN 39142 290 60 the the DT 39142 290 61 sky sky NN 39142 290 62 . . . 39142 291 1 For for IN 39142 291 2 every every DT 39142 291 3 new new JJ 39142 291 4 irregularity irregularity NN 39142 291 5 that that WDT 39142 291 6 was be VBD 39142 291 7 found find VBN 39142 291 8 , , , 39142 291 9 in in IN 39142 291 10 the the DT 39142 291 11 motion motion NN 39142 291 12 of of IN 39142 291 13 Mars Mars NNP 39142 291 14 , , , 39142 291 15 for for IN 39142 291 16 instance instance NN 39142 291 17 , , , 39142 291 18 a a DT 39142 291 19 new new JJ 39142 291 20 and and CC 39142 291 21 additional additional JJ 39142 291 22 bar bar NN 39142 291 23 was be VBD 39142 291 24 requisitioned requisition VBN 39142 291 25 , , , 39142 291 26 until until IN 39142 291 27 interplanetary interplanetary JJ 39142 291 28 space space NN 39142 291 29 was be VBD 39142 291 30 hopelessly hopelessly RB 39142 291 31 filled fill VBN 39142 291 32 with with IN 39142 291 33 revolving revolve VBG 39142 291 34 bars bar NNS 39142 291 35 , , , 39142 291 36 each each DT 39142 291 37 producing produce VBG 39142 291 38 one one CD 39142 291 39 of of IN 39142 291 40 the the DT 39142 291 41 epicycles epicycle NNS 39142 291 42 , , , 39142 291 43 some some DT 39142 291 44 large large JJ 39142 291 45 , , , 39142 291 46 some some DT 39142 291 47 small small JJ 39142 291 48 , , , 39142 291 49 that that WDT 39142 291 50 were be VBD 39142 291 51 needed need VBN 39142 291 52 to to TO 39142 291 53 take take VB 39142 291 54 up up RP 39142 291 55 the the DT 39142 291 56 vagaries vagary NNS 39142 291 57 of of IN 39142 291 58 the the DT 39142 291 59 several several JJ 39142 291 60 planets planet NNS 39142 291 61 . . . 39142 292 1 The the DT 39142 292 2 Arabic arabic JJ 39142 292 3 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 292 4 who who WP 39142 292 5 kept keep VBD 39142 292 6 the the DT 39142 292 7 science science NN 39142 292 8 alive alive JJ 39142 292 9 through through IN 39142 292 10 the the DT 39142 292 11 Middle Middle NNP 39142 292 12 Ages Ages NNPS 39142 292 13 added add VBD 39142 292 14 epicycle epicycle NN 39142 292 15 to to IN 39142 292 16 epicycle epicycle NNP 39142 292 17 , , , 39142 292 18 until until IN 39142 292 19 there there EX 39142 292 20 was be VBD 39142 292 21 every every DT 39142 292 22 justification justification NN 39142 292 23 for for IN 39142 292 24 Milton Milton NNP 39142 292 25 's 's POS 39142 292 26 verses verse NNS 39142 292 27 descriptive descriptive JJ 39142 292 28 of of IN 39142 292 29 the the DT 39142 292 30 sphere sphere NN 39142 292 31 : : : 39142 292 32 With with IN 39142 292 33 Centric Centric NNP 39142 292 34 and and CC 39142 292 35 Eccentric Eccentric NNP 39142 292 36 scribbled scribble VBD 39142 292 37 o'er o'er NNP 39142 292 38 , , , 39142 292 39 Cycle Cycle NNP 39142 292 40 and and CC 39142 292 41 Epicycle Epicycle NNP 39142 292 42 , , , 39142 292 43 Orb Orb NNP 39142 292 44 in in IN 39142 292 45 Orb Orb NNP 39142 292 46 . . . 39142 293 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39142 293 2 VII vii NN 39142 293 3 ASTRONOMY ASTRONOMY NNP 39142 293 4 OF of IN 39142 293 5 THE the DT 39142 293 6 MIDDLE MIDDLE NNP 39142 293 7 AGES AGES NNP 39142 293 8 With with IN 39142 293 9 the the DT 39142 293 10 fall fall NN 39142 293 11 of of IN 39142 293 12 Alexandria Alexandria NNP 39142 293 13 and and CC 39142 293 14 the the DT 39142 293 15 victory victory NN 39142 293 16 of of IN 39142 293 17 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 39142 293 18 throughout throughout IN 39142 293 19 the the DT 39142 293 20 West West NNP 39142 293 21 , , , 39142 293 22 and and CC 39142 293 23 a a DT 39142 293 24 consequent consequent JJ 39142 293 25 decline decline NN 39142 293 26 in in IN 39142 293 27 learning learning NN 39142 293 28 , , , 39142 293 29 supremacy supremacy NN 39142 293 30 in in IN 39142 293 31 science science NN 39142 293 32 passed pass VBD 39142 293 33 to to IN 39142 293 34 the the DT 39142 293 35 East East NNP 39142 293 36 and and CC 39142 293 37 centered center VBN 39142 293 38 round round IN 39142 293 39 the the DT 39142 293 40 caliphs caliph NNS 39142 293 41 of of IN 39142 293 42 Bagdad Bagdad NNP 39142 293 43 in in IN 39142 293 44 the the DT 39142 293 45 seventh seventh JJ 39142 293 46 and and CC 39142 293 47 eighth eighth JJ 39142 293 48 centuries century NNS 39142 293 49 . . . 39142 294 1 They -PRON- PRP 39142 294 2 were be VBD 39142 294 3 interested interested JJ 39142 294 4 in in IN 39142 294 5 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 294 6 only only RB 39142 294 7 as as IN 39142 294 8 a a DT 39142 294 9 practical practical JJ 39142 294 10 , , , 39142 294 11 and and CC 39142 294 12 to to IN 39142 294 13 them -PRON- PRP 39142 294 14 useful useful JJ 39142 294 15 , , , 39142 294 16 science science NN 39142 294 17 , , , 39142 294 18 in in IN 39142 294 19 adjusting adjust VBG 39142 294 20 the the DT 39142 294 21 complicated complicated JJ 39142 294 22 lunar lunar JJ 39142 294 23 calendar calendar NN 39142 294 24 of of IN 39142 294 25 the the DT 39142 294 26 Mohammedans Mohammedans NNPS 39142 294 27 , , , 39142 294 28 in in IN 39142 294 29 ascertaining ascertain VBG 39142 294 30 the the DT 39142 294 31 true true JJ 39142 294 32 direction direction NN 39142 294 33 of of IN 39142 294 34 Mecca Mecca NNP 39142 294 35 which which WDT 39142 294 36 every every DT 39142 294 37 Mohammedan Mohammedan NNP 39142 294 38 must must MD 39142 294 39 know know VB 39142 294 40 , , , 39142 294 41 and and CC 39142 294 42 in in IN 39142 294 43 the the DT 39142 294 44 revival revival NN 39142 294 45 of of IN 39142 294 46 astrology astrology NN 39142 294 47 , , , 39142 294 48 to to TO 39142 294 49 which which WDT 39142 294 50 the the DT 39142 294 51 Greeks Greeks NNPS 39142 294 52 had have VBD 39142 294 53 not not RB 39142 294 54 attached attach VBN 39142 294 55 any any DT 39142 294 56 particular particular JJ 39142 294 57 significance significance NN 39142 294 58 . . . 39142 295 1 Harun Harun NNP 39142 295 2 al al NNP 39142 295 3 - - HYPH 39142 295 4 Rashid Rashid NNP 39142 295 5 ordered order VBD 39142 295 6 the the DT 39142 295 7 Almagest Almagest NNP 39142 295 8 and and CC 39142 295 9 many many JJ 39142 295 10 other other JJ 39142 295 11 Greek greek JJ 39142 295 12 works work NNS 39142 295 13 translated translate VBD 39142 295 14 , , , 39142 295 15 of of IN 39142 295 16 which which WDT 39142 295 17 the the DT 39142 295 18 modern modern JJ 39142 295 19 world world NN 39142 295 20 would would MD 39142 295 21 otherwise otherwise RB 39142 295 22 no no RB 39142 295 23 doubt doubt RB 39142 295 24 never never RB 39142 295 25 have have VBP 39142 295 26 heard hear VBN 39142 295 27 , , , 39142 295 28 as as IN 39142 295 29 the the DT 39142 295 30 Greek greek JJ 39142 295 31 originals original NNS 39142 295 32 are be VBP 39142 295 33 not not RB 39142 295 34 extant extant JJ 39142 295 35 . . . 39142 296 1 Splendid splendid JJ 39142 296 2 observatories observatory NNS 39142 296 3 were be VBD 39142 296 4 built build VBN 39142 296 5 at at IN 39142 296 6 Damascus Damascus NNP 39142 296 7 and and CC 39142 296 8 Bagdad Bagdad NNP 39142 296 9 , , , 39142 296 10 and and CC 39142 296 11 fine fine JJ 39142 296 12 instruments instrument NNS 39142 296 13 patterned pattern VBN 39142 296 14 after after IN 39142 296 15 Greek greek JJ 39142 296 16 models model NNS 39142 296 17 were be VBD 39142 296 18 continuously continuously RB 39142 296 19 used use VBN 39142 296 20 in in IN 39142 296 21 observing observe VBG 39142 296 22 . . . 39142 297 1 The the DT 39142 297 2 Arab arab JJ 39142 297 3 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 297 4 , , , 39142 297 5 although although IN 39142 297 6 they -PRON- PRP 39142 297 7 had have VBD 39142 297 8 no no DT 39142 297 9 clocks clock NNS 39142 297 10 , , , 39142 297 11 were be VBD 39142 297 12 nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 297 13 so so RB 39142 297 14 fully fully RB 39142 297 15 impressed impressed JJ 39142 297 16 with with IN 39142 297 17 the the DT 39142 297 18 importance importance NN 39142 297 19 of of IN 39142 297 20 time time NN 39142 297 21 that that WDT 39142 297 22 they -PRON- PRP 39142 297 23 added add VBD 39142 297 24 extreme extreme JJ 39142 297 25 value value NN 39142 297 26 to to IN 39142 297 27 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 297 28 observations observation NNS 39142 297 29 of of IN 39142 297 30 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 297 31 , , , 39142 297 32 for for IN 39142 297 33 example example NN 39142 297 34 , , , 39142 297 35 by by IN 39142 297 36 setting set VBG 39142 297 37 down down RP 39142 297 38 the the DT 39142 297 39 altitudes altitude NNS 39142 297 40 of of IN 39142 297 41 sun sun NN 39142 297 42 or or CC 39142 297 43 stars star NNS 39142 297 44 at at IN 39142 297 45 the the DT 39142 297 46 same same JJ 39142 297 47 time time NN 39142 297 48 . . . 39142 298 1 On on IN 39142 298 2 very very RB 39142 298 3 important important JJ 39142 298 4 occasions occasion NNS 39142 298 5 the the DT 39142 298 6 records record NNS 39142 298 7 were be VBD 39142 298 8 certified certify VBN 39142 298 9 on on IN 39142 298 10 oath oath NN 39142 298 11 by by IN 39142 298 12 a a DT 39142 298 13 body body NN 39142 298 14 of of IN 39142 298 15 barristers barrister NNS 39142 298 16 and and CC 39142 298 17 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 298 18 conjointly conjointly RB 39142 298 19 -- -- : 39142 298 20 a a DT 39142 298 21 precedent precedent NN 39142 298 22 which which WDT 39142 298 23 fortunately fortunately RB 39142 298 24 has have VBZ 39142 298 25 never never RB 39142 298 26 been be VBN 39142 298 27 followed follow VBN 39142 298 28 . . . 39142 299 1 About about IN 39142 299 2 the the DT 39142 299 3 middle middle NN 39142 299 4 of of IN 39142 299 5 the the DT 39142 299 6 ninth ninth JJ 39142 299 7 century century NN 39142 299 8 , , , 39142 299 9 the the DT 39142 299 10 Caliph Caliph NNP 39142 299 11 Al Al NNP 39142 299 12 - - HYPH 39142 299 13 Mamun Mamun NNP 39142 299 14 directed direct VBD 39142 299 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 299 16 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 299 17 to to TO 39142 299 18 revise revise VB 39142 299 19 the the DT 39142 299 20 Greek greek JJ 39142 299 21 measures measure NNS 39142 299 22 of of IN 39142 299 23 the the DT 39142 299 24 earth earth NN 39142 299 25 's 's POS 39142 299 26 dimensions dimension NNS 39142 299 27 , , , 39142 299 28 and and CC 39142 299 29 they -PRON- PRP 39142 299 30 had have VBD 39142 299 31 less less JJR 39142 299 32 reverence reverence NN 39142 299 33 for for IN 39142 299 34 the the DT 39142 299 35 Almagest Almagest NNP 39142 299 36 than than IN 39142 299 37 existed exist VBN 39142 299 38 in in IN 39142 299 39 later later JJ 39142 299 40 centuries century NNS 39142 299 41 : : : 39142 299 42 indeed indeed RB 39142 299 43 , , , 39142 299 44 Tabit Tabit NNP 39142 299 45 ben ben NN 39142 299 46 Korra Korra NNP 39142 299 47 invented invent VBD 39142 299 48 and and CC 39142 299 49 applied apply VBD 39142 299 50 to to IN 39142 299 51 the the DT 39142 299 52 tables table NNS 39142 299 53 of of IN 39142 299 54 the the DT 39142 299 55 Almagest Almagest NNP 39142 299 56 a a DT 39142 299 57 theoretical theoretical JJ 39142 299 58 fluctuation fluctuation NN 39142 299 59 in in IN 39142 299 60 the the DT 39142 299 61 position position NN 39142 299 62 of of IN 39142 299 63 the the DT 39142 299 64 ecliptic ecliptic NN 39142 299 65 which which WDT 39142 299 66 he -PRON- PRP 39142 299 67 called call VBD 39142 299 68 " " `` 39142 299 69 trepidation trepidation NN 39142 299 70 , , , 39142 299 71 " " '' 39142 299 72 which which WDT 39142 299 73 brought bring VBD 39142 299 74 sad sad JJ 39142 299 75 confusion confusion NN 39142 299 76 into into IN 39142 299 77 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 299 78 tables table NNS 39142 299 79 for for IN 39142 299 80 many many JJ 39142 299 81 succeeding succeed VBG 39142 299 82 centuries century NNS 39142 299 83 . . . 39142 300 1 Albategnius Albategnius NNP 39142 300 2 was be VBD 39142 300 3 another another DT 39142 300 4 Arab arab JJ 39142 300 5 prince prince NN 39142 300 6 whose whose WP$ 39142 300 7 record record NN 39142 300 8 in in IN 39142 300 9 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 300 10 in in IN 39142 300 11 the the DT 39142 300 12 ninth ninth JJ 39142 300 13 and and CC 39142 300 14 tenth tenth JJ 39142 300 15 centuries century NNS 39142 300 16 was be VBD 39142 300 17 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 300 18 the the DT 39142 300 19 best good JJS 39142 300 20 : : : 39142 300 21 the the DT 39142 300 22 Ptolemaic Ptolemaic NNP 39142 300 23 values value NNS 39142 300 24 of of IN 39142 300 25 the the DT 39142 300 26 precession precession NN 39142 300 27 of of IN 39142 300 28 the the DT 39142 300 29 equinoxes equinox NNS 39142 300 30 and and CC 39142 300 31 of of IN 39142 300 32 the the DT 39142 300 33 obliquity obliquity NN 39142 300 34 of of IN 39142 300 35 the the DT 39142 300 36 ecliptic ecliptic NN 39142 300 37 were be VBD 39142 300 38 improved improve VBN 39142 300 39 by by IN 39142 300 40 new new JJ 39142 300 41 observations observation NNS 39142 300 42 , , , 39142 300 43 and and CC 39142 300 44 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 300 45 excellence excellence NN 39142 300 46 as as IN 39142 300 47 mathematician mathematician NNP 39142 300 48 enabled enable VBD 39142 300 49 him -PRON- PRP 39142 300 50 to to TO 39142 300 51 make make VB 39142 300 52 permanent permanent JJ 39142 300 53 improvements improvement NNS 39142 300 54 in in IN 39142 300 55 the the DT 39142 300 56 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 300 57 application application NN 39142 300 58 of of IN 39142 300 59 trigonometry trigonometry NN 39142 300 60 . . . 39142 301 1 Abul Abul NNP 39142 301 2 Wefa Wefa NNP 39142 301 3 was be VBD 39142 301 4 the the DT 39142 301 5 last last JJ 39142 301 6 of of IN 39142 301 7 the the DT 39142 301 8 Bagdad Bagdad NNP 39142 301 9 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 301 10 in in IN 39142 301 11 the the DT 39142 301 12 latter latter JJ 39142 301 13 half half NN 39142 301 14 of of IN 39142 301 15 the the DT 39142 301 16 tenth tenth JJ 39142 301 17 century century NN 39142 301 18 , , , 39142 301 19 and and CC 39142 301 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 301 21 great great JJ 39142 301 22 treatise treatise NN 39142 301 23 on on IN 39142 301 24 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 301 25 known know VBN 39142 301 26 as as IN 39142 301 27 the the DT 39142 301 28 Almagest Almagest NNP 39142 301 29 is be VBZ 39142 301 30 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 301 31 confused confuse VBN 39142 301 32 with with IN 39142 301 33 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 301 34 's 's POS 39142 301 35 work work NN 39142 301 36 . . . 39142 302 1 Following follow VBG 39142 302 2 him -PRON- PRP 39142 302 3 was be VBD 39142 302 4 Ibn Ibn NNP 39142 302 5 Yunos Yunos NNP 39142 302 6 of of IN 39142 302 7 Cairo Cairo NNP 39142 302 8 , , , 39142 302 9 whose whose WP$ 39142 302 10 labors labor NNS 39142 302 11 culminated culminate VBD 39142 302 12 in in IN 39142 302 13 the the DT 39142 302 14 famous famous JJ 39142 302 15 Hakemite Hakemite NNP 39142 302 16 Tables Tables NNPS 39142 302 17 , , , 39142 302 18 which which WDT 39142 302 19 became become VBD 39142 302 20 the the DT 39142 302 21 standard standard NN 39142 302 22 in in IN 39142 302 23 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 302 24 and and CC 39142 302 25 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 302 26 computations computation NNS 39142 302 27 for for IN 39142 302 28 several several JJ 39142 302 29 centuries century NNS 39142 302 30 . . . 39142 303 1 Mohammedan Mohammedan NNP 39142 303 2 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 303 3 thrived thrive VBD 39142 303 4 , , , 39142 303 5 too too RB 39142 303 6 , , , 39142 303 7 in in IN 39142 303 8 Spain Spain NNP 39142 303 9 and and CC 39142 303 10 northern northern JJ 39142 303 11 Africa Africa NNP 39142 303 12 . . . 39142 304 1 Arzachel Arzachel NNP 39142 304 2 of of IN 39142 304 3 Toledo Toledo NNP 39142 304 4 published publish VBD 39142 304 5 the the DT 39142 304 6 Toledan Toledan NNP 39142 304 7 Tables Tables NNPS 39142 304 8 , , , 39142 304 9 and and CC 39142 304 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 304 11 pupils pupil NNS 39142 304 12 made make VBD 39142 304 13 improvements improvement NNS 39142 304 14 in in IN 39142 304 15 instruments instrument NNS 39142 304 16 and and CC 39142 304 17 the the DT 39142 304 18 methods method NNS 39142 304 19 of of IN 39142 304 20 calculation calculation NN 39142 304 21 . . . 39142 305 1 The the DT 39142 305 2 Giralda Giralda NNP 39142 305 3 was be VBD 39142 305 4 built build VBN 39142 305 5 by by IN 39142 305 6 the the DT 39142 305 7 Moors Moors NNPS 39142 305 8 in in IN 39142 305 9 Seville Seville NNP 39142 305 10 in in IN 39142 305 11 1196 1196 CD 39142 305 12 , , , 39142 305 13 the the DT 39142 305 14 first first JJ 39142 305 15 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 305 16 observatory observatory NN 39142 305 17 on on IN 39142 305 18 the the DT 39142 305 19 continent continent NN 39142 305 20 of of IN 39142 305 21 Europe Europe NNP 39142 305 22 ; ; : 39142 305 23 but but CC 39142 305 24 within within IN 39142 305 25 the the DT 39142 305 26 next next JJ 39142 305 27 half half JJ 39142 305 28 century century NN 39142 305 29 both both DT 39142 305 30 Seville Seville NNP 39142 305 31 and and CC 39142 305 32 Cordova Cordova NNP 39142 305 33 became become VBD 39142 305 34 Christian Christian NNP 39142 305 35 again again RB 39142 305 36 , , , 39142 305 37 and and CC 39142 305 38 Arab arab JJ 39142 305 39 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 305 40 was be VBD 39142 305 41 at at IN 39142 305 42 an an DT 39142 305 43 end end NN 39142 305 44 . . . 39142 306 1 Through through IN 39142 306 2 many many JJ 39142 306 3 centuries century NNS 39142 306 4 , , , 39142 306 5 however however RB 39142 306 6 , , , 39142 306 7 the the DT 39142 306 8 science science NN 39142 306 9 had have VBD 39142 306 10 been be VBN 39142 306 11 kept keep VBN 39142 306 12 alive alive JJ 39142 306 13 , , , 39142 306 14 even even RB 39142 306 15 if if IN 39142 306 16 no no DT 39142 306 17 great great JJ 39142 306 18 original original JJ 39142 306 19 advances advance NNS 39142 306 20 had have VBD 39142 306 21 been be VBN 39142 306 22 achieved achieve VBN 39142 306 23 ; ; : 39142 306 24 and and CC 39142 306 25 Arab arab JJ 39142 306 26 activities activity NNS 39142 306 27 have have VBP 39142 306 28 modified modify VBN 39142 306 29 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 306 30 language language NN 39142 306 31 very very RB 39142 306 32 materially materially RB 39142 306 33 , , , 39142 306 34 adding add VBG 39142 306 35 many many JJ 39142 306 36 such such JJ 39142 306 37 words word NNS 39142 306 38 as as IN 39142 306 39 almanac almanac NN 39142 306 40 , , , 39142 306 41 zenith zenith NNP 39142 306 42 , , , 39142 306 43 and and CC 39142 306 44 radii radii NN 39142 306 45 , , , 39142 306 46 and and CC 39142 306 47 a a DT 39142 306 48 wealth wealth NN 39142 306 49 of of IN 39142 306 50 star star NN 39142 306 51 names name NNS 39142 306 52 , , , 39142 306 53 as as IN 39142 306 54 Aldebaran Aldebaran NNP 39142 306 55 , , , 39142 306 56 Rigel Rigel NNP 39142 306 57 , , , 39142 306 58 Betelgeuse Betelgeuse NNP 39142 306 59 , , , 39142 306 60 Vega Vega NNP 39142 306 61 , , , 39142 306 62 and and CC 39142 306 63 so so RB 39142 306 64 on on RB 39142 306 65 . . . 39142 307 1 Meanwhile meanwhile RB 39142 307 2 , , , 39142 307 3 other other JJ 39142 307 4 schools school NNS 39142 307 5 of of IN 39142 307 6 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 307 7 had have VBD 39142 307 8 developed develop VBN 39142 307 9 in in IN 39142 307 10 the the DT 39142 307 11 East East NNP 39142 307 12 , , , 39142 307 13 one one CD 39142 307 14 at at IN 39142 307 15 Meraga Meraga NNP 39142 307 16 near near IN 39142 307 17 the the DT 39142 307 18 modern modern JJ 39142 307 19 Persia Persia NNP 39142 307 20 , , , 39142 307 21 where where WRB 39142 307 22 Nassir Nassir NNP 39142 307 23 Eddin Eddin NNP 39142 307 24 , , , 39142 307 25 the the DT 39142 307 26 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 307 27 of of IN 39142 307 28 Hulagu Hulagu NNP 39142 307 29 Khan Khan NNP 39142 307 30 , , , 39142 307 31 grandson grandson NN 39142 307 32 of of IN 39142 307 33 the the DT 39142 307 34 Mongol Mongol NNP 39142 307 35 emperor emperor NN 39142 307 36 Genghis Genghis NNP 39142 307 37 Khan Khan NNP 39142 307 38 , , , 39142 307 39 built build VBN 39142 307 40 and and CC 39142 307 41 used use VBN 39142 307 42 large large JJ 39142 307 43 and and CC 39142 307 44 carefully carefully RB 39142 307 45 constructed construct VBN 39142 307 46 instruments instrument NNS 39142 307 47 , , , 39142 307 48 translated translate VBD 39142 307 49 all all PDT 39142 307 50 the the DT 39142 307 51 Greek greek JJ 39142 307 52 treatises treatise NNS 39142 307 53 on on IN 39142 307 54 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 307 55 , , , 39142 307 56 and and CC 39142 307 57 published publish VBD 39142 307 58 a a DT 39142 307 59 laborious laborious JJ 39142 307 60 work work NN 39142 307 61 known know VBN 39142 307 62 as as IN 39142 307 63 the the DT 39142 307 64 Ilkhanic Ilkhanic NNP 39142 307 65 Tables Tables NNPS 39142 307 66 , , , 39142 307 67 based base VBN 39142 307 68 on on IN 39142 307 69 the the DT 39142 307 70 Hakemite Hakemite NNP 39142 307 71 Tables Tables NNPS 39142 307 72 of of IN 39142 307 73 Ibn Ibn NNP 39142 307 74 Yunos Yunos NNP 39142 307 75 . . . 39142 308 1 More more RBR 39142 308 2 important important JJ 39142 308 3 still still RB 39142 308 4 was be VBD 39142 308 5 the the DT 39142 308 6 Tartar Tartar NNP 39142 308 7 school school NN 39142 308 8 of of IN 39142 308 9 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 308 10 under under IN 39142 308 11 Ulugh Ulugh NNP 39142 308 12 Beg Beg NNP 39142 308 13 , , , 39142 308 14 a a DT 39142 308 15 grandson grandson NN 39142 308 16 of of IN 39142 308 17 Tamerlane Tamerlane NNP 39142 308 18 , , , 39142 308 19 who who WP 39142 308 20 built build VBD 39142 308 21 an an DT 39142 308 22 observatory observatory NN 39142 308 23 at at IN 39142 308 24 Samarcand Samarcand NNP 39142 308 25 in in IN 39142 308 26 1420 1420 CD 39142 308 27 , , , 39142 308 28 published publish VBD 39142 308 29 new new JJ 39142 308 30 tables table NNS 39142 308 31 of of IN 39142 308 32 the the DT 39142 308 33 planets planet NNS 39142 308 34 , , , 39142 308 35 and and CC 39142 308 36 made make VBN 39142 308 37 with with IN 39142 308 38 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 308 39 excellent excellent JJ 39142 308 40 instruments instrument NNS 39142 308 41 the the DT 39142 308 42 observations observation NNS 39142 308 43 for for IN 39142 308 44 a a DT 39142 308 45 new new JJ 39142 308 46 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 308 47 of of IN 39142 308 48 stars star NNS 39142 308 49 , , , 39142 308 50 the the DT 39142 308 51 first first JJ 39142 308 52 since since IN 39142 308 53 Hipparchus Hipparchus NNP 39142 308 54 , , , 39142 308 55 the the DT 39142 308 56 star star NN 39142 308 57 places place NNS 39142 308 58 being be VBG 39142 308 59 recorded record VBN 39142 308 60 with with IN 39142 308 61 great great JJ 39142 308 62 precision precision NN 39142 308 63 . . . 39142 309 1 The the DT 39142 309 2 European european JJ 39142 309 3 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 309 4 of of IN 39142 309 5 the the DT 39142 309 6 Middle Middle NNP 39142 309 7 Ages Ages NNPS 39142 309 8 amounted amount VBD 39142 309 9 to to IN 39142 309 10 very very RB 39142 309 11 little little JJ 39142 309 12 besides besides IN 39142 309 13 translation translation NN 39142 309 14 from from IN 39142 309 15 the the DT 39142 309 16 Arabic arabic JJ 39142 309 17 authors author NNS 39142 309 18 into into IN 39142 309 19 Latin Latin NNP 39142 309 20 , , , 39142 309 21 with with IN 39142 309 22 commentaries commentary NNS 39142 309 23 . . . 39142 310 1 Astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 310 2 under under IN 39142 310 3 the the DT 39142 310 4 patronage patronage NN 39142 310 5 of of IN 39142 310 6 Alfonso Alfonso NNP 39142 310 7 X X NNP 39142 310 8 of of IN 39142 310 9 Leon Leon NNP 39142 310 10 and and CC 39142 310 11 Castile Castile NNP 39142 310 12 published publish VBN 39142 310 13 in in IN 39142 310 14 1252 1252 CD 39142 310 15 the the DT 39142 310 16 Alfonsine Alfonsine NNP 39142 310 17 Tables Tables NNPS 39142 310 18 , , , 39142 310 19 which which WDT 39142 310 20 superseded supersede VBD 39142 310 21 the the DT 39142 310 22 Toledan Toledan NNP 39142 310 23 tables table NNS 39142 310 24 and and CC 39142 310 25 were be VBD 39142 310 26 accepted accept VBN 39142 310 27 everywhere everywhere RB 39142 310 28 throughout throughout IN 39142 310 29 Europe Europe NNP 39142 310 30 . . . 39142 311 1 Alfonso Alfonso NNP 39142 311 2 published publish VBD 39142 311 3 also also RB 39142 311 4 the the DT 39142 311 5 " " `` 39142 311 6 Libros Libros NNP 39142 311 7 del del NNP 39142 311 8 Saber Saber NNP 39142 311 9 , , , 39142 311 10 " " '' 39142 311 11 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 311 12 the the DT 39142 311 13 first first JJ 39142 311 14 of of IN 39142 311 15 all all DT 39142 311 16 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 311 17 cyclopedias cyclopedia NNS 39142 311 18 , , , 39142 311 19 in in IN 39142 311 20 which which WDT 39142 311 21 is be VBZ 39142 311 22 said say VBN 39142 311 23 to to TO 39142 311 24 occur occur VB 39142 311 25 the the DT 39142 311 26 earliest early JJS 39142 311 27 diagram diagram NN 39142 311 28 representing represent VBG 39142 311 29 a a DT 39142 311 30 planetary planetary NN 39142 311 31 orbit orbit NN 39142 311 32 as as IN 39142 311 33 an an DT 39142 311 34 ellipse ellipse NN 39142 311 35 : : : 39142 311 36 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 311 37 's 's POS 39142 311 38 supposed suppose VBN 39142 311 39 path path NN 39142 311 40 round round IN 39142 311 41 the the DT 39142 311 42 earth earth NN 39142 311 43 as as IN 39142 311 44 a a DT 39142 311 45 center center NN 39142 311 46 . . . 39142 312 1 Purbach Purbach NNP 39142 312 2 of of IN 39142 312 3 Vienna Vienna NNP 39142 312 4 about about IN 39142 312 5 the the DT 39142 312 6 middle middle NN 39142 312 7 of of IN 39142 312 8 the the DT 39142 312 9 15th 15th JJ 39142 312 10 century century NN 39142 312 11 began begin VBD 39142 312 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 312 13 " " `` 39142 312 14 Epitome Epitome NNP 39142 312 15 of of IN 39142 312 16 Astronomy Astronomy NNP 39142 312 17 " " '' 39142 312 18 based base VBN 39142 312 19 on on IN 39142 312 20 the the DT 39142 312 21 " " `` 39142 312 22 Almagest Almagest NNP 39142 312 23 " " '' 39142 312 24 of of IN 39142 312 25 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 312 26 , , , 39142 312 27 which which WDT 39142 312 28 was be VBD 39142 312 29 finished finish VBN 39142 312 30 by by IN 39142 312 31 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 312 32 collaborator collaborator NN 39142 312 33 Regiomontanus Regiomontanus NNP 39142 312 34 , , , 39142 312 35 who who WP 39142 312 36 was be VBD 39142 312 37 an an DT 39142 312 38 expert expert NN 39142 312 39 in in IN 39142 312 40 mathematics mathematic NNS 39142 312 41 and and CC 39142 312 42 published publish VBD 39142 312 43 a a DT 39142 312 44 treatise treatise NN 39142 312 45 on on IN 39142 312 46 trigonometry trigonometry NN 39142 312 47 with with IN 39142 312 48 the the DT 39142 312 49 first first JJ 39142 312 50 table table NN 39142 312 51 of of IN 39142 312 52 sines sine NNS 39142 312 53 calculated calculate VBN 39142 312 54 for for IN 39142 312 55 every every DT 39142 312 56 minute minute NN 39142 312 57 from from IN 39142 312 58 0 0 CD 39142 312 59 ° ° NNS 39142 312 60 to to IN 39142 312 61 90 90 CD 39142 312 62 ° ° NNS 39142 312 63 , , , 39142 312 64 a a DT 39142 312 65 most most RBS 39142 312 66 helpful helpful JJ 39142 312 67 contribution contribution NN 39142 312 68 to to IN 39142 312 69 theoretical theoretical JJ 39142 312 70 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 312 71 . . . 39142 313 1 Regiomontanus Regiomontanus NNP 39142 313 2 had have VBD 39142 313 3 a a DT 39142 313 4 very very RB 39142 313 5 picturesque picturesque NN 39142 313 6 career career NN 39142 313 7 , , , 39142 313 8 finally finally RB 39142 313 9 taking take VBG 39142 313 10 up up RP 39142 313 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 313 12 residence residence NN 39142 313 13 in in IN 39142 313 14 Nuremberg Nuremberg NNP 39142 313 15 , , , 39142 313 16 where where WRB 39142 313 17 a a DT 39142 313 18 wealthy wealthy JJ 39142 313 19 citizen citizen NN 39142 313 20 named name VBN 39142 313 21 Walther Walther NNP 39142 313 22 became become VBD 39142 313 23 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 313 24 patron patron NN 39142 313 25 , , , 39142 313 26 pupil pupil NN 39142 313 27 , , , 39142 313 28 and and CC 39142 313 29 collaborator collaborator NN 39142 313 30 . . . 39142 314 1 The the DT 39142 314 2 artisans artisan NNS 39142 314 3 of of IN 39142 314 4 the the DT 39142 314 5 city city NN 39142 314 6 were be VBD 39142 314 7 set set VBN 39142 314 8 at at IN 39142 314 9 work work NN 39142 314 10 on on IN 39142 314 11 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 314 12 instruments instrument NNS 39142 314 13 of of IN 39142 314 14 the the DT 39142 314 15 greatest great JJS 39142 314 16 accuracy accuracy NN 39142 314 17 , , , 39142 314 18 and and CC 39142 314 19 the the DT 39142 314 20 comet comet NN 39142 314 21 of of IN 39142 314 22 1472 1472 CD 39142 314 23 was be VBD 39142 314 24 the the DT 39142 314 25 first first JJ 39142 314 26 to to TO 39142 314 27 be be VB 39142 314 28 observed observe VBN 39142 314 29 and and CC 39142 314 30 studied study VBN 39142 314 31 in in IN 39142 314 32 true true JJ 39142 314 33 scientific scientific JJ 39142 314 34 fashion fashion NN 39142 314 35 . . . 39142 315 1 Regiomontanus Regiomontanus NNP 39142 315 2 was be VBD 39142 315 3 very very RB 39142 315 4 progressive progressive JJ 39142 315 5 and and CC 39142 315 6 the the DT 39142 315 7 invention invention NN 39142 315 8 of of IN 39142 315 9 the the DT 39142 315 10 new new JJ 39142 315 11 art art NN 39142 315 12 of of IN 39142 315 13 printing printing NN 39142 315 14 gave give VBD 39142 315 15 him -PRON- PRP 39142 315 16 an an DT 39142 315 17 opportunity opportunity NN 39142 315 18 to to TO 39142 315 19 publish publish VB 39142 315 20 Purbach Purbach NNP 39142 315 21 's 's POS 39142 315 22 treatise treatise NN 39142 315 23 , , , 39142 315 24 which which WDT 39142 315 25 went go VBD 39142 315 26 through through IN 39142 315 27 several several JJ 39142 315 28 editions edition NNS 39142 315 29 and and CC 39142 315 30 doubtless doubtless RB 39142 315 31 had have VBD 39142 315 32 much much JJ 39142 315 33 to to TO 39142 315 34 do do VB 39142 315 35 in in IN 39142 315 36 promoting promote VBG 39142 315 37 dissatisfaction dissatisfaction NN 39142 315 38 with with IN 39142 315 39 the the DT 39142 315 40 ancient ancient JJ 39142 315 41 Ptolemaic Ptolemaic NNP 39142 315 42 system system NN 39142 315 43 , , , 39142 315 44 and and CC 39142 315 45 was be VBD 39142 315 46 thus thus RB 39142 315 47 most most RBS 39142 315 48 significant significant JJ 39142 315 49 in in IN 39142 315 50 preparing prepare VBG 39142 315 51 a a DT 39142 315 52 background background NN 39142 315 53 for for IN 39142 315 54 the the DT 39142 315 55 coming coming NN 39142 315 56 of of IN 39142 315 57 the the DT 39142 315 58 new new JJ 39142 315 59 Copernican copernican JJ 39142 315 60 order order NN 39142 315 61 . . . 39142 316 1 The the DT 39142 316 2 Nuremberg Nuremberg NNP 39142 316 3 presses press NNS 39142 316 4 popularized popularize VBD 39142 316 5 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 316 6 in in IN 39142 316 7 other other JJ 39142 316 8 important important JJ 39142 316 9 ways way NNS 39142 316 10 , , , 39142 316 11 issuing issue VBG 39142 316 12 almanacs almanacs NNP 39142 316 13 , , , 39142 316 14 the the DT 39142 316 15 first first JJ 39142 316 16 precursors precursor NNS 39142 316 17 of of IN 39142 316 18 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 316 19 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 316 20 Ephemerides ephemeris NNS 39142 316 21 . . . 39142 317 1 Regiomontanus Regiomontanus NNP 39142 317 2 was be VBD 39142 317 3 practical practical JJ 39142 317 4 as as IN 39142 317 5 well well RB 39142 317 6 , , , 39142 317 7 and and CC 39142 317 8 invented invent VBD 39142 317 9 a a DT 39142 317 10 new new JJ 39142 317 11 method method NN 39142 317 12 of of IN 39142 317 13 getting get VBG 39142 317 14 a a DT 39142 317 15 ship ship NN 39142 317 16 's 's POS 39142 317 17 position position NN 39142 317 18 at at IN 39142 317 19 sea sea NN 39142 317 20 , , , 39142 317 21 with with IN 39142 317 22 tables table NNS 39142 317 23 so so RB 39142 317 24 accurate accurate JJ 39142 317 25 that that IN 39142 317 26 they -PRON- PRP 39142 317 27 superseded supersede VBD 39142 317 28 all all DT 39142 317 29 others other NNS 39142 317 30 in in IN 39142 317 31 the the DT 39142 317 32 great great JJ 39142 317 33 voyages voyage NNS 39142 317 34 of of IN 39142 317 35 discovery discovery NN 39142 317 36 , , , 39142 317 37 and and CC 39142 317 38 it -PRON- PRP 39142 317 39 is be VBZ 39142 317 40 probable probable JJ 39142 317 41 that that IN 39142 317 42 they -PRON- PRP 39142 317 43 were be VBD 39142 317 44 employed employ VBN 39142 317 45 by by IN 39142 317 46 Columbus Columbus NNP 39142 317 47 in in IN 39142 317 48 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 317 49 discovery discovery NN 39142 317 50 of of IN 39142 317 51 the the DT 39142 317 52 American american JJ 39142 317 53 continent continent NN 39142 317 54 . . . 39142 318 1 Regiomontanus Regiomontanus NNP 39142 318 2 had have VBD 39142 318 3 died die VBN 39142 318 4 several several JJ 39142 318 5 years year NNS 39142 318 6 earlier early RBR 39142 318 7 , , , 39142 318 8 in in IN 39142 318 9 1475 1475 CD 39142 318 10 at at IN 39142 318 11 Rome Rome NNP 39142 318 12 , , , 39142 318 13 where where WRB 39142 318 14 he -PRON- PRP 39142 318 15 had have VBD 39142 318 16 gone go VBN 39142 318 17 by by IN 39142 318 18 invitation invitation NN 39142 318 19 of of IN 39142 318 20 the the DT 39142 318 21 Pope Pope NNP 39142 318 22 to to TO 39142 318 23 effect effect VB 39142 318 24 a a DT 39142 318 25 reformation reformation NN 39142 318 26 in in IN 39142 318 27 the the DT 39142 318 28 calendar calendar NN 39142 318 29 . . . 39142 319 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 319 2 was be VBD 39142 319 3 only only RB 39142 319 4 forty forty CD 39142 319 5 , , , 39142 319 6 and and CC 39142 319 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 319 8 patron patron NN 39142 319 9 Walther Walther NNP 39142 319 10 kept keep VBD 39142 319 11 on on RP 39142 319 12 with with IN 39142 319 13 excellent excellent JJ 39142 319 14 observations observation NNS 39142 319 15 , , , 39142 319 16 the the DT 39142 319 17 first first JJ 39142 319 18 probably probably RB 39142 319 19 to to TO 39142 319 20 be be VB 39142 319 21 corrected correct VBN 39142 319 22 for for IN 39142 319 23 the the DT 39142 319 24 effect effect NN 39142 319 25 of of IN 39142 319 26 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 39142 319 27 refraction refraction NN 39142 319 28 , , , 39142 319 29 although although IN 39142 319 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 319 31 influence influence NN 39142 319 32 had have VBD 39142 319 33 been be VBN 39142 319 34 known know VBN 39142 319 35 since since IN 39142 319 36 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 319 37 . . . 39142 320 1 The the DT 39142 320 2 Nuremberg Nuremberg NNP 39142 320 3 School School NNP 39142 320 4 lasted last VBD 39142 320 5 for for IN 39142 320 6 nearly nearly RB 39142 320 7 two two CD 39142 320 8 centuries century NNS 39142 320 9 . . . 39142 321 1 Nearly nearly RB 39142 321 2 contemporary contemporary JJ 39142 321 3 with with IN 39142 321 4 Regiomontanus Regiomontanus NNP 39142 321 5 were be VBD 39142 321 6 Fracastoro Fracastoro NNP 39142 321 7 and and CC 39142 321 8 Peter Peter NNP 39142 321 9 Apian Apian NNP 39142 321 10 , , , 39142 321 11 whose whose WP$ 39142 321 12 original original JJ 39142 321 13 observations observation NNS 39142 321 14 on on IN 39142 321 15 comets comet NNS 39142 321 16 are be VBP 39142 321 17 worthy worthy JJ 39142 321 18 of of IN 39142 321 19 mention mention NN 39142 321 20 because because IN 39142 321 21 they -PRON- PRP 39142 321 22 first first RB 39142 321 23 noticed notice VBD 39142 321 24 that that IN 39142 321 25 the the DT 39142 321 26 tails tail NNS 39142 321 27 of of IN 39142 321 28 these these DT 39142 321 29 bodies body NNS 39142 321 30 always always RB 39142 321 31 point point VBP 39142 321 32 away away RB 39142 321 33 from from IN 39142 321 34 the the DT 39142 321 35 sun sun NN 39142 321 36 . . . 39142 322 1 Leonardo Leonardo NNP 39142 322 2 da da NNP 39142 322 3 Vinci Vinci NNP 39142 322 4 was be VBD 39142 322 5 the the DT 39142 322 6 first first JJ 39142 322 7 to to TO 39142 322 8 give give VB 39142 322 9 the the DT 39142 322 10 true true JJ 39142 322 11 explanation explanation NN 39142 322 12 of of IN 39142 322 13 earth earth NN 39142 322 14 - - HYPH 39142 322 15 shine shine NN 39142 322 16 on on IN 39142 322 17 the the DT 39142 322 18 moon moon NN 39142 322 19 , , , 39142 322 20 and and CC 39142 322 21 similarly similarly RB 39142 322 22 the the DT 39142 322 23 moon moon NN 39142 322 24 - - HYPH 39142 322 25 illumination illumination NN 39142 322 26 of of IN 39142 322 27 the the DT 39142 322 28 earth earth NN 39142 322 29 ; ; : 39142 322 30 and and CC 39142 322 31 this this DT 39142 322 32 no no RB 39142 322 33 doubt doubt RB 39142 322 34 had have VBD 39142 322 35 great great JJ 39142 322 36 weight weight NN 39142 322 37 in in IN 39142 322 38 disposing dispose VBG 39142 322 39 of of IN 39142 322 40 the the DT 39142 322 41 popular popular JJ 39142 322 42 notion notion NN 39142 322 43 of of IN 39142 322 44 an an DT 39142 322 45 essential essential JJ 39142 322 46 difference difference NN 39142 322 47 of of IN 39142 322 48 nature nature NN 39142 322 49 between between IN 39142 322 50 the the DT 39142 322 51 earth earth NN 39142 322 52 and and CC 39142 322 53 celestial celestial JJ 39142 322 54 bodies body NNS 39142 322 55 -- -- : 39142 322 56 all all DT 39142 322 57 of of IN 39142 322 58 which which WDT 39142 322 59 helped help VBD 39142 322 60 to to TO 39142 322 61 prepare prepare VB 39142 322 62 the the DT 39142 322 63 way way NN 39142 322 64 for for IN 39142 322 65 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 39142 322 66 and and CC 39142 322 67 the the DT 39142 322 68 great great JJ 39142 322 69 revolution revolution NN 39142 322 70 in in IN 39142 322 71 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 322 72 thought thought NN 39142 322 73 . . . 39142 323 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 323 2 VIII viii NN 39142 323 3 COPERNICUS COPERNICUS NNP 39142 323 4 AND and CC 39142 323 5 THE the DT 39142 323 6 NEW new JJ 39142 323 7 ERA era NN 39142 323 8 Throughout throughout IN 39142 323 9 the the DT 39142 323 10 Middle Middle NNP 39142 323 11 Ages Ages NNP 39142 323 12 the the DT 39142 323 13 progress progress NN 39142 323 14 of of IN 39142 323 15 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 323 16 was be VBD 39142 323 17 held hold VBN 39142 323 18 back back RP 39142 323 19 by by IN 39142 323 20 a a DT 39142 323 21 combination combination NN 39142 323 22 of of IN 39142 323 23 untoward untoward JJ 39142 323 24 circumstances circumstance NNS 39142 323 25 . . . 39142 324 1 A a DT 39142 324 2 prolonged prolonged JJ 39142 324 3 reaction reaction NN 39142 324 4 from from IN 39142 324 5 the the DT 39142 324 6 heights height NNS 39142 324 7 attained attain VBN 39142 324 8 by by IN 39142 324 9 the the DT 39142 324 10 Greek greek JJ 39142 324 11 philosophers philosopher NNS 39142 324 12 was be VBD 39142 324 13 to to TO 39142 324 14 be be VB 39142 324 15 expected expect VBN 39142 324 16 . . . 39142 325 1 The the DT 39142 325 2 uprising uprising NN 39142 325 3 of of IN 39142 325 4 the the DT 39142 325 5 Mohammedan Mohammedan NNP 39142 325 6 world world NN 39142 325 7 , , , 39142 325 8 and and CC 39142 325 9 the the DT 39142 325 10 savage savage NN 39142 325 11 conquerors conqueror NNS 39142 325 12 in in IN 39142 325 13 the the DT 39142 325 14 East East NNP 39142 325 15 did do VBD 39142 325 16 not not RB 39142 325 17 produce produce VB 39142 325 18 conditions condition NNS 39142 325 19 favorable favorable JJ 39142 325 20 to to IN 39142 325 21 the the DT 39142 325 22 origin origin NN 39142 325 23 and and CC 39142 325 24 development development NN 39142 325 25 of of IN 39142 325 26 great great JJ 39142 325 27 ideas idea NNS 39142 325 28 . . . 39142 326 1 At at IN 39142 326 2 the the DT 39142 326 3 birth birth NN 39142 326 4 of of IN 39142 326 5 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 39142 326 6 , , , 39142 326 7 however however RB 39142 326 8 , , , 39142 326 9 in in IN 39142 326 10 1473 1473 CD 39142 326 11 , , , 39142 326 12 the the DT 39142 326 13 time time NN 39142 326 14 was be VBD 39142 326 15 ripening ripen VBG 39142 326 16 for for IN 39142 326 17 fundamental fundamental JJ 39142 326 18 changes change NNS 39142 326 19 from from IN 39142 326 20 the the DT 39142 326 21 ancient ancient JJ 39142 326 22 system system NN 39142 326 23 , , , 39142 326 24 the the DT 39142 326 25 error error NN 39142 326 26 of of IN 39142 326 27 which which WDT 39142 326 28 had have VBD 39142 326 29 helped help VBN 39142 326 30 to to TO 39142 326 31 hold hold VB 39142 326 32 back back RP 39142 326 33 the the DT 39142 326 34 development development NN 39142 326 35 of of IN 39142 326 36 the the DT 39142 326 37 science science NN 39142 326 38 for for IN 39142 326 39 centuries century NNS 39142 326 40 . . . 39142 327 1 The the DT 39142 327 2 fifteenth fifteenth JJ 39142 327 3 century century NN 39142 327 4 was be VBD 39142 327 5 most most RBS 39142 327 6 fruitful fruitful JJ 39142 327 7 in in IN 39142 327 8 a a DT 39142 327 9 general general JJ 39142 327 10 quickening quickening NN 39142 327 11 of of IN 39142 327 12 intelligence intelligence NN 39142 327 13 , , , 39142 327 14 the the DT 39142 327 15 invention invention NN 39142 327 16 of of IN 39142 327 17 printing printing NN 39142 327 18 had have VBD 39142 327 19 much much JJ 39142 327 20 to to TO 39142 327 21 do do VB 39142 327 22 with with IN 39142 327 23 this this DT 39142 327 24 , , , 39142 327 25 as as IN 39142 327 26 it -PRON- PRP 39142 327 27 spread spread VBD 39142 327 28 a a DT 39142 327 29 knowledge knowledge NN 39142 327 30 of of IN 39142 327 31 the the DT 39142 327 32 Greek greek JJ 39142 327 33 writers writer NNS 39142 327 34 , , , 39142 327 35 and and CC 39142 327 36 led lead VBD 39142 327 37 to to IN 39142 327 38 conflict conflict NN 39142 327 39 of of IN 39142 327 40 authorities authority NNS 39142 327 41 . . . 39142 328 1 Even even RB 39142 328 2 Aristotle Aristotle NNP 39142 328 3 and and CC 39142 328 4 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 328 5 were be VBD 39142 328 6 not not RB 39142 328 7 entirely entirely RB 39142 328 8 in in IN 39142 328 9 harmony harmony NN 39142 328 10 , , , 39142 328 11 yet yet CC 39142 328 12 each each DT 39142 328 13 was be VBD 39142 328 14 held hold VBN 39142 328 15 inviolate inviolate JJ 39142 328 16 . . . 39142 329 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 329 2 was be VBD 39142 329 3 the the DT 39142 329 4 age age NN 39142 329 5 of of IN 39142 329 6 the the DT 39142 329 7 Reformation Reformation NNP 39142 329 8 , , , 39142 329 9 too too RB 39142 329 10 , , , 39142 329 11 and and CC 39142 329 12 near near IN 39142 329 13 the the DT 39142 329 14 end end NN 39142 329 15 of of IN 39142 329 16 the the DT 39142 329 17 century century NN 39142 329 18 the the DT 39142 329 19 discovery discovery NN 39142 329 20 of of IN 39142 329 21 America America NNP 39142 329 22 exerted exert VBD 39142 329 23 a a DT 39142 329 24 powerful powerful JJ 39142 329 25 stimulus stimulus NN 39142 329 26 in in IN 39142 329 27 the the DT 39142 329 28 advance advance NN 39142 329 29 of of IN 39142 329 30 thought thought NN 39142 329 31 . . . 39142 330 1 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 39142 330 2 searched search VBD 39142 330 3 the the DT 39142 330 4 works work NNS 39142 330 5 of of IN 39142 330 6 the the DT 39142 330 7 ancient ancient JJ 39142 330 8 writers writer NNS 39142 330 9 and and CC 39142 330 10 philosophers philosopher NNS 39142 330 11 , , , 39142 330 12 and and CC 39142 330 13 embodied embody VBD 39142 330 14 in in IN 39142 330 15 this this DT 39142 330 16 new new JJ 39142 330 17 order order NN 39142 330 18 such such JJ 39142 330 19 of of IN 39142 330 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 330 21 ideas idea NNS 39142 330 22 as as IN 39142 330 23 commended commend VBD 39142 330 24 themselves -PRON- PRP 39142 330 25 in in IN 39142 330 26 the the DT 39142 330 27 elaboration elaboration NN 39142 330 28 of of IN 39142 330 29 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 330 30 own own JJ 39142 330 31 system system NN 39142 330 32 . . . 39142 331 1 Pythagoras pythagora NNS 39142 331 2 alone alone JJ 39142 331 3 and and CC 39142 331 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 331 5 philosophy philosophy NN 39142 331 6 looked look VBD 39142 331 7 in in IN 39142 331 8 the the DT 39142 331 9 true true JJ 39142 331 10 direction direction NN 39142 331 11 . . . 39142 332 1 Many many JJ 39142 332 2 believe believe VBP 39142 332 3 that that IN 39142 332 4 he -PRON- PRP 39142 332 5 taught teach VBD 39142 332 6 that that IN 39142 332 7 the the DT 39142 332 8 sun sun NN 39142 332 9 , , , 39142 332 10 not not RB 39142 332 11 the the DT 39142 332 12 earth earth NN 39142 332 13 , , , 39142 332 14 is be VBZ 39142 332 15 at at IN 39142 332 16 the the DT 39142 332 17 center center NN 39142 332 18 of of IN 39142 332 19 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 332 20 solar solar JJ 39142 332 21 system system NN 39142 332 22 ; ; : 39142 332 23 but but CC 39142 332 24 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 332 25 views view NNS 39142 332 26 were be VBD 39142 332 27 mingled mingle VBN 39142 332 28 with with IN 39142 332 29 the the DT 39142 332 30 speculative speculative JJ 39142 332 31 philosophy philosophy NN 39142 332 32 of of IN 39142 332 33 the the DT 39142 332 34 Greeks Greeks NNPS 39142 332 35 , , , 39142 332 36 and and CC 39142 332 37 none none NN 39142 332 38 of of IN 39142 332 39 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 332 40 writings writing NNS 39142 332 41 , , , 39142 332 42 barring bar VBG 39142 332 43 a a DT 39142 332 44 few few JJ 39142 332 45 meager meager JJ 39142 332 46 fragments fragment NNS 39142 332 47 , , , 39142 332 48 have have VBP 39142 332 49 come come VBN 39142 332 50 down down RP 39142 332 51 to to IN 39142 332 52 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 332 53 modern modern JJ 39142 332 54 age age NN 39142 332 55 . . . 39142 333 1 To to IN 39142 333 2 many many JJ 39142 333 3 philosophers philosopher NNS 39142 333 4 , , , 39142 333 5 through through IN 39142 333 6 all all PDT 39142 333 7 these these DT 39142 333 8 long long JJ 39142 333 9 centuries century NNS 39142 333 10 , , , 39142 333 11 the the DT 39142 333 12 true true JJ 39142 333 13 theory theory NN 39142 333 14 of of IN 39142 333 15 the the DT 39142 333 16 celestial celestial JJ 39142 333 17 motions motion NNS 39142 333 18 must must MD 39142 333 19 have have VB 39142 333 20 been be VBN 39142 333 21 obvious obvious JJ 39142 333 22 , , , 39142 333 23 but but CC 39142 333 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 333 25 views view NNS 39142 333 26 were be VBD 39142 333 27 not not RB 39142 333 28 formulated formulate VBN 39142 333 29 , , , 39142 333 30 nor nor CC 39142 333 31 have have VBP 39142 333 32 they -PRON- PRP 39142 333 33 been be VBN 39142 333 34 preserved preserve VBN 39142 333 35 in in IN 39142 333 36 writing writing NN 39142 333 37 . . . 39142 334 1 So so RB 39142 334 2 the the DT 39142 334 3 fact fact NN 39142 334 4 remains remain VBZ 39142 334 5 that that IN 39142 334 6 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 39142 334 7 alone alone RB 39142 334 8 first first RB 39142 334 9 proved prove VBD 39142 334 10 the the DT 39142 334 11 truth truth NN 39142 334 12 of of IN 39142 334 13 the the DT 39142 334 14 system system NN 39142 334 15 which which WDT 39142 334 16 is be VBZ 39142 334 17 recognized recognize VBN 39142 334 18 to to IN 39142 334 19 - - HYPH 39142 334 20 day day NN 39142 334 21 . . . 39142 335 1 This this DT 39142 335 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 335 3 did do VBD 39142 335 4 in in IN 39142 335 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 335 6 great great JJ 39142 335 7 treatise treatise NN 39142 335 8 entitled entitle VBN 39142 335 9 " " `` 39142 335 10 De De NNP 39142 335 11 Revolutionibus Revolutionibus NNP 39142 335 12 Orbium Orbium NNP 39142 335 13 Coelestium Coelestium NNP 39142 335 14 , , , 39142 335 15 " " '' 39142 335 16 the the DT 39142 335 17 first first JJ 39142 335 18 printed print VBN 39142 335 19 copy copy NN 39142 335 20 of of IN 39142 335 21 which which WDT 39142 335 22 was be VBD 39142 335 23 dramatically dramatically RB 39142 335 24 delivered deliver VBN 39142 335 25 to to IN 39142 335 26 him -PRON- PRP 39142 335 27 on on IN 39142 335 28 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 335 29 deathbed deathbed NN 39142 335 30 , , , 39142 335 31 in in IN 39142 335 32 May May NNP 39142 335 33 , , , 39142 335 34 1543 1543 CD 39142 335 35 . . . 39142 336 1 The the DT 39142 336 2 seventy seventy CD 39142 336 3 years year NNS 39142 336 4 of of IN 39142 336 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 336 6 life life NN 39142 336 7 were be VBD 39142 336 8 largely largely RB 39142 336 9 devoted devoted JJ 39142 336 10 to to IN 39142 336 11 the the DT 39142 336 12 preparation preparation NN 39142 336 13 of of IN 39142 336 14 this this DT 39142 336 15 work work NN 39142 336 16 , , , 39142 336 17 which which WDT 39142 336 18 necessitated necessitate VBD 39142 336 19 many many JJ 39142 336 20 observations observation NNS 39142 336 21 as as RB 39142 336 22 well well RB 39142 336 23 as as IN 39142 336 24 intricate intricate JJ 39142 336 25 calculations calculation NNS 39142 336 26 based base VBN 39142 336 27 upon upon IN 39142 336 28 them -PRON- PRP 39142 336 29 . . . 39142 337 1 Being be VBG 39142 337 2 a a DT 39142 337 3 canon canon NN 39142 337 4 in in IN 39142 337 5 the the DT 39142 337 6 church church NN 39142 337 7 , , , 39142 337 8 he -PRON- PRP 39142 337 9 naturally naturally RB 39142 337 10 hesitated hesitate VBD 39142 337 11 about about IN 39142 337 12 publishing publish VBG 39142 337 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 337 14 revolutionary revolutionary JJ 39142 337 15 views view NNS 39142 337 16 , , , 39142 337 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 337 18 friend friend NN 39142 337 19 Rheticus Rheticus NNP 39142 337 20 first first RB 39142 337 21 doing do VBG 39142 337 22 this this DT 39142 337 23 for for IN 39142 337 24 him -PRON- PRP 39142 337 25 in in IN 39142 337 26 outline outline NN 39142 337 27 in in IN 39142 337 28 1540 1540 CD 39142 337 29 . . . 39142 338 1 So so RB 39142 338 2 simple simple JJ 39142 338 3 are be VBP 39142 338 4 the the DT 39142 338 5 great great JJ 39142 338 6 principles principle NNS 39142 338 7 that that IN 39142 338 8 they -PRON- PRP 39142 338 9 may may MD 39142 338 10 be be VB 39142 338 11 embodied embody VBN 39142 338 12 in in IN 39142 338 13 very very RB 39142 338 14 few few JJ 39142 338 15 words word NNS 39142 338 16 ; ; : 39142 338 17 what what WP 39142 338 18 appears appear VBZ 39142 338 19 to to IN 39142 338 20 us -PRON- PRP 39142 338 21 as as IN 39142 338 22 the the DT 39142 338 23 daily daily JJ 39142 338 24 revolution revolution NN 39142 338 25 of of IN 39142 338 26 the the DT 39142 338 27 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 338 28 is be VBZ 39142 338 29 not not RB 39142 338 30 a a DT 39142 338 31 real real JJ 39142 338 32 motion motion NN 39142 338 33 , , , 39142 338 34 but but CC 39142 338 35 only only RB 39142 338 36 an an DT 39142 338 37 apparent apparent JJ 39142 338 38 one one NN 39142 338 39 ; ; : 39142 338 40 that that RB 39142 338 41 is is RB 39142 338 42 , , , 39142 338 43 the the DT 39142 338 44 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 338 45 are be VBP 39142 338 46 at at IN 39142 338 47 rest rest NN 39142 338 48 , , , 39142 338 49 while while IN 39142 338 50 the the DT 39142 338 51 earth earth NN 39142 338 52 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 338 53 is be VBZ 39142 338 54 in in IN 39142 338 55 motion motion NN 39142 338 56 , , , 39142 338 57 turning turn VBG 39142 338 58 round round RP 39142 338 59 an an DT 39142 338 60 axis axis NN 39142 338 61 which which WDT 39142 338 62 passes pass VBZ 39142 338 63 through through IN 39142 338 64 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 338 65 center center NN 39142 338 66 . . . 39142 339 1 And and CC 39142 339 2 the the DT 39142 339 3 second second JJ 39142 339 4 proposition proposition NN 39142 339 5 is be VBZ 39142 339 6 that that IN 39142 339 7 the the DT 39142 339 8 earth earth NN 39142 339 9 is be VBZ 39142 339 10 simply simply RB 39142 339 11 one one CD 39142 339 12 of of IN 39142 339 13 the the DT 39142 339 14 six six CD 39142 339 15 known know VBN 39142 339 16 planets planet NNS 39142 339 17 ; ; : 39142 339 18 and and CC 39142 339 19 they -PRON- PRP 39142 339 20 all all DT 39142 339 21 revolve revolve VBP 39142 339 22 round round IN 39142 339 23 the the DT 39142 339 24 sun sun NN 39142 339 25 as as IN 39142 339 26 the the DT 39142 339 27 true true JJ 39142 339 28 center center NN 39142 339 29 . . . 39142 340 1 The the DT 39142 340 2 solar solar JJ 39142 340 3 system system NN 39142 340 4 , , , 39142 340 5 therefore therefore RB 39142 340 6 , , , 39142 340 7 is be VBZ 39142 340 8 " " `` 39142 340 9 heliocentric heliocentric JJ 39142 340 10 , , , 39142 340 11 " " '' 39142 340 12 or or CC 39142 340 13 sun sun NN 39142 340 14 - - HYPH 39142 340 15 centered center VBN 39142 340 16 , , , 39142 340 17 not not RB 39142 340 18 " " `` 39142 340 19 geocentric geocentric JJ 39142 340 20 " " '' 39142 340 21 or or CC 39142 340 22 earth earth NN 39142 340 23 - - HYPH 39142 340 24 centered center VBN 39142 340 25 , , , 39142 340 26 as as IN 39142 340 27 taught teach VBN 39142 340 28 by by IN 39142 340 29 the the DT 39142 340 30 Ptolemaic Ptolemaic NNP 39142 340 31 theory theory NN 39142 340 32 . . . 39142 341 1 Copernicus copernicus NN 39142 341 2 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ 39142 341 3 clearly clearly RB 39142 341 4 how how WRB 39142 341 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 341 6 system system NN 39142 341 7 explains explain VBZ 39142 341 8 the the DT 39142 341 9 retrograde retrograde NN 39142 341 10 motion motion NN 39142 341 11 of of IN 39142 341 12 the the DT 39142 341 13 planets planet NNS 39142 341 14 and and CC 39142 341 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 341 16 stationary stationary JJ 39142 341 17 points point NNS 39142 341 18 , , , 39142 341 19 no no RB 39142 341 20 matter matter RB 39142 341 21 whether whether IN 39142 341 22 they -PRON- PRP 39142 341 23 are be VBP 39142 341 24 within within IN 39142 341 25 the the DT 39142 341 26 orbit orbit NN 39142 341 27 of of IN 39142 341 28 the the DT 39142 341 29 earth earth NN 39142 341 30 , , , 39142 341 31 as as IN 39142 341 32 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 341 33 and and CC 39142 341 34 Venus Venus NNP 39142 341 35 , , , 39142 341 36 or or CC 39142 341 37 outside outside RB 39142 341 38 of of IN 39142 341 39 it -PRON- PRP 39142 341 40 , , , 39142 341 41 as as IN 39142 341 42 Mars Mars NNP 39142 341 43 , , , 39142 341 44 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 341 45 , , , 39142 341 46 and and CC 39142 341 47 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 341 48 . . . 39142 342 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 342 2 system system NN 39142 342 3 provides provide VBZ 39142 342 4 also also RB 39142 342 5 the the DT 39142 342 6 means mean NNS 39142 342 7 of of IN 39142 342 8 ascertaining ascertain VBG 39142 342 9 with with IN 39142 342 10 accuracy accuracy NN 39142 342 11 the the DT 39142 342 12 proportions proportion NNS 39142 342 13 of of IN 39142 342 14 the the DT 39142 342 15 solar solar JJ 39142 342 16 system system NN 39142 342 17 , , , 39142 342 18 or or CC 39142 342 19 the the DT 39142 342 20 relative relative JJ 39142 342 21 distances distance NNS 39142 342 22 of of IN 39142 342 23 the the DT 39142 342 24 planets planet NNS 39142 342 25 from from IN 39142 342 26 the the DT 39142 342 27 sun sun NN 39142 342 28 and and CC 39142 342 29 from from IN 39142 342 30 each each DT 39142 342 31 other other JJ 39142 342 32 . . . 39142 343 1 In in IN 39142 343 2 this this DT 39142 343 3 respect respect NN 39142 343 4 also also RB 39142 343 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 343 6 system system NN 39142 343 7 possessed possess VBD 39142 343 8 a a DT 39142 343 9 vast vast JJ 39142 343 10 advantage advantage NN 39142 343 11 over over IN 39142 343 12 that that DT 39142 343 13 of of IN 39142 343 14 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 343 15 , , , 39142 343 16 and and CC 39142 343 17 the the DT 39142 343 18 planetary planetary NN 39142 343 19 distances distance NNS 39142 343 20 which which WDT 39142 343 21 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 39142 343 22 computed compute VBD 39142 343 23 are be VBP 39142 343 24 very very RB 39142 343 25 close close JJ 39142 343 26 approximations approximation NNS 39142 343 27 to to IN 39142 343 28 the the DT 39142 343 29 measures measure NNS 39142 343 30 of of IN 39142 343 31 the the DT 39142 343 32 present present JJ 39142 343 33 day day NN 39142 343 34 . . . 39142 344 1 Reinhold reinhold NN 39142 344 2 revised revise VBD 39142 344 3 the the DT 39142 344 4 calculations calculation NNS 39142 344 5 of of IN 39142 344 6 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 39142 344 7 and and CC 39142 344 8 prepared prepare VBD 39142 344 9 the the DT 39142 344 10 " " `` 39142 344 11 Tabulæ Tabulæ NNP 39142 344 12 Prutenicæ Prutenicæ NNP 39142 344 13 , , , 39142 344 14 " " '' 39142 344 15 based base VBN 39142 344 16 on on IN 39142 344 17 the the DT 39142 344 18 " " `` 39142 344 19 De De NNP 39142 344 20 Revolutionibus Revolutionibus NNP 39142 344 21 , , , 39142 344 22 " " '' 39142 344 23 which which WDT 39142 344 24 proved prove VBD 39142 344 25 far far RB 39142 344 26 superior superior JJ 39142 344 27 to to IN 39142 344 28 the the DT 39142 344 29 Alfonsine Alfonsine NNP 39142 344 30 Tables Tables NNPS 39142 344 31 , , , 39142 344 32 and and CC 39142 344 33 were be VBD 39142 344 34 only only RB 39142 344 35 supplanted supplant VBN 39142 344 36 by by IN 39142 344 37 the the DT 39142 344 38 Rudolphine Rudolphine NNP 39142 344 39 Tables Tables NNPS 39142 344 40 of of IN 39142 344 41 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 344 42 . . . 39142 345 1 On on IN 39142 345 2 the the DT 39142 345 3 whole whole NN 39142 345 4 we -PRON- PRP 39142 345 5 may may MD 39142 345 6 regard regard VB 39142 345 7 the the DT 39142 345 8 lifework lifework NN 39142 345 9 of of IN 39142 345 10 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 39142 345 11 as as RB 39142 345 12 fundamentally fundamentally RB 39142 345 13 the the DT 39142 345 14 most most RBS 39142 345 15 significant significant JJ 39142 345 16 in in IN 39142 345 17 the the DT 39142 345 18 history history NN 39142 345 19 and and CC 39142 345 20 progress progress NN 39142 345 21 of of IN 39142 345 22 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 345 23 . . . 39142 346 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39142 346 2 IX IX NNP 39142 346 3 TYCHO TYCHO NNP 39142 346 4 , , , 39142 346 5 THE the DT 39142 346 6 GREAT GREAT NNP 39142 346 7 OBSERVER OBSERVER VBZ 39142 346 8 Clear clear JJ 39142 346 9 as as IN 39142 346 10 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 39142 346 11 had have VBD 39142 346 12 made make VBN 39142 346 13 the the DT 39142 346 14 demonstration demonstration NN 39142 346 15 of of IN 39142 346 16 the the DT 39142 346 17 truth truth NN 39142 346 18 of of IN 39142 346 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 346 20 new new JJ 39142 346 21 system system NN 39142 346 22 , , , 39142 346 23 it -PRON- PRP 39142 346 24 nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 346 25 failed fail VBD 39142 346 26 of of IN 39142 346 27 immediate immediate JJ 39142 346 28 and and CC 39142 346 29 universal universal JJ 39142 346 30 acceptance acceptance NN 39142 346 31 . . . 39142 347 1 The the DT 39142 347 2 Ptolemaic Ptolemaic NNP 39142 347 3 system system NN 39142 347 4 was be VBD 39142 347 5 too too RB 39142 347 6 strongly strongly RB 39142 347 7 intrenched intrenched JJ 39142 347 8 , , , 39142 347 9 and and CC 39142 347 10 the the DT 39142 347 11 motions motion NNS 39142 347 12 of of IN 39142 347 13 all all PDT 39142 347 14 the the DT 39142 347 15 bodies body NNS 39142 347 16 in in IN 39142 347 17 the the DT 39142 347 18 sky sky NN 39142 347 19 were be VBD 39142 347 20 too too RB 39142 347 21 well well RB 39142 347 22 represented represent VBN 39142 347 23 by by IN 39142 347 24 it -PRON- PRP 39142 347 25 . . . 39142 348 1 Accurate accurate JJ 39142 348 2 observations observation NNS 39142 348 3 were be VBD 39142 348 4 greatly greatly RB 39142 348 5 needed need VBN 39142 348 6 , , , 39142 348 7 and and CC 39142 348 8 the the DT 39142 348 9 Landgrave Landgrave NNP 39142 348 10 William William NNP 39142 348 11 IV IV NNP 39142 348 12 . . . 39142 349 1 of of IN 39142 349 2 Hesse Hesse NNP 39142 349 3 built build VBD 39142 349 4 the the DT 39142 349 5 Cassel Cassel NNP 39142 349 6 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 349 7 , , , 39142 349 8 which which WDT 39142 349 9 made make VBD 39142 349 10 a a DT 39142 349 11 new new JJ 39142 349 12 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 349 13 of of IN 39142 349 14 stars star NNS 39142 349 15 , , , 39142 349 16 and and CC 39142 349 17 introduced introduce VBD 39142 349 18 the the DT 39142 349 19 use use NN 39142 349 20 of of IN 39142 349 21 clocks clock NNS 39142 349 22 to to TO 39142 349 23 carry carry VB 39142 349 24 on on RP 39142 349 25 the the DT 39142 349 26 time time NN 39142 349 27 as as IN 39142 349 28 measured measure VBN 39142 349 29 by by IN 39142 349 30 the the DT 39142 349 31 uniform uniform JJ 39142 349 32 motion motion NN 39142 349 33 of of IN 39142 349 34 the the DT 39142 349 35 celestial celestial JJ 39142 349 36 sphere sphere NN 39142 349 37 . . . 39142 350 1 Three three CD 39142 350 2 years year NNS 39142 350 3 after after IN 39142 350 4 the the DT 39142 350 5 death death NN 39142 350 6 of of IN 39142 350 7 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 39142 350 8 , , , 39142 350 9 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 350 10 Brahe Brahe NNP 39142 350 11 was be VBD 39142 350 12 born bear VBN 39142 350 13 , , , 39142 350 14 and and CC 39142 350 15 when when WRB 39142 350 16 he -PRON- PRP 39142 350 17 was be VBD 39142 350 18 30 30 CD 39142 350 19 the the DT 39142 350 20 King King NNP 39142 350 21 of of IN 39142 350 22 Denmark Denmark NNP 39142 350 23 built build VBD 39142 350 24 for for IN 39142 350 25 him -PRON- PRP 39142 350 26 the the DT 39142 350 27 famous famous JJ 39142 350 28 observatory observatory NN 39142 350 29 of of IN 39142 350 30 Uraniborg Uraniborg NNP 39142 350 31 , , , 39142 350 32 where where WRB 39142 350 33 the the DT 39142 350 34 great great JJ 39142 350 35 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 350 36 passed pass VBD 39142 350 37 nearly nearly RB 39142 350 38 a a DT 39142 350 39 quarter quarter NN 39142 350 40 of of IN 39142 350 41 a a DT 39142 350 42 century century NN 39142 350 43 in in IN 39142 350 44 critically critically RB 39142 350 45 observing observe VBG 39142 350 46 the the DT 39142 350 47 positions position NNS 39142 350 48 of of IN 39142 350 49 the the DT 39142 350 50 stars star NNS 39142 350 51 and and CC 39142 350 52 planets planet NNS 39142 350 53 . . . 39142 351 1 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 351 2 was be VBD 39142 351 3 celebrated celebrate VBN 39142 351 4 as as IN 39142 351 5 a a DT 39142 351 6 designer designer NN 39142 351 7 and and CC 39142 351 8 constructor constructor NN 39142 351 9 of of IN 39142 351 10 new new JJ 39142 351 11 types type NNS 39142 351 12 of of IN 39142 351 13 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 351 14 instruments instrument NNS 39142 351 15 , , , 39142 351 16 and and CC 39142 351 17 he -PRON- PRP 39142 351 18 printed print VBD 39142 351 19 a a DT 39142 351 20 large large JJ 39142 351 21 volume volume NN 39142 351 22 of of IN 39142 351 23 these these DT 39142 351 24 designs design NNS 39142 351 25 , , , 39142 351 26 which which WDT 39142 351 27 form form VBP 39142 351 28 the the DT 39142 351 29 basis basis NN 39142 351 30 of of IN 39142 351 31 many many JJ 39142 351 32 in in IN 39142 351 33 use use NN 39142 351 34 at at IN 39142 351 35 the the DT 39142 351 36 present present JJ 39142 351 37 day day NN 39142 351 38 . . . 39142 352 1 Unfortunately unfortunately RB 39142 352 2 for for IN 39142 352 3 the the DT 39142 352 4 genius genius NN 39142 352 5 of of IN 39142 352 6 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 352 7 and and CC 39142 352 8 the the DT 39142 352 9 significance significance NN 39142 352 10 of of IN 39142 352 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 352 12 work work NN 39142 352 13 , , , 39142 352 14 the the DT 39142 352 15 invention invention NN 39142 352 16 of of IN 39142 352 17 the the DT 39142 352 18 telescope telescope NN 39142 352 19 had have VBD 39142 352 20 not not RB 39142 352 21 yet yet RB 39142 352 22 been be VBN 39142 352 23 made make VBN 39142 352 24 , , , 39142 352 25 so so IN 39142 352 26 that that IN 39142 352 27 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 352 28 observations observation NNS 39142 352 29 had have VBD 39142 352 30 not not RB 39142 352 31 the the DT 39142 352 32 modern modern JJ 39142 352 33 degree degree NN 39142 352 34 of of IN 39142 352 35 accuracy accuracy NN 39142 352 36 . . . 39142 353 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 353 2 , , , 39142 353 3 they -PRON- PRP 39142 353 4 were be VBD 39142 353 5 destined destine VBN 39142 353 6 to to TO 39142 353 7 play play VB 39142 353 8 a a DT 39142 353 9 most most RBS 39142 353 10 important important JJ 39142 353 11 part part NN 39142 353 12 in in IN 39142 353 13 the the DT 39142 353 14 progress progress NN 39142 353 15 of of IN 39142 353 16 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 353 17 . . . 39142 354 1 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 354 2 was be VBD 39142 354 3 sadly sadly RB 39142 354 4 in in IN 39142 354 5 error error NN 39142 354 6 in in IN 39142 354 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 354 8 rejection rejection NN 39142 354 9 of of IN 39142 354 10 the the DT 39142 354 11 Copernican copernican JJ 39142 354 12 system system NN 39142 354 13 , , , 39142 354 14 although although IN 39142 354 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 354 16 reasons reason NNS 39142 354 17 , , , 39142 354 18 in in IN 39142 354 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 354 20 day day NN 39142 354 21 , , , 39142 354 22 seemed seem VBD 39142 354 23 unanswerable unanswerable JJ 39142 354 24 . . . 39142 355 1 If if IN 39142 355 2 the the DT 39142 355 3 outer outer JJ 39142 355 4 planets planet NNS 39142 355 5 were be VBD 39142 355 6 displaced displace VBN 39142 355 7 among among IN 39142 355 8 the the DT 39142 355 9 stars star NNS 39142 355 10 by by IN 39142 355 11 the the DT 39142 355 12 annual annual JJ 39142 355 13 motion motion NN 39142 355 14 of of IN 39142 355 15 the the DT 39142 355 16 earth earth NN 39142 355 17 round round IN 39142 355 18 the the DT 39142 355 19 sun sun NN 39142 355 20 , , , 39142 355 21 he -PRON- PRP 39142 355 22 argued argue VBD 39142 355 23 , , , 39142 355 24 then then RB 39142 355 25 the the DT 39142 355 26 fixed fix VBN 39142 355 27 stars star NNS 39142 355 28 must must MD 39142 355 29 be be VB 39142 355 30 similarly similarly RB 39142 355 31 displaced displace VBN 39142 355 32 -- -- : 39142 355 33 unless unless IN 39142 355 34 indeed indeed RB 39142 355 35 they -PRON- PRP 39142 355 36 be be VBP 39142 355 37 at at IN 39142 355 38 such such JJ 39142 355 39 vast vast JJ 39142 355 40 distances distance NNS 39142 355 41 that that IN 39142 355 42 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 355 43 motions motion NNS 39142 355 44 would would MD 39142 355 45 be be VB 39142 355 46 too too RB 39142 355 47 slight slight JJ 39142 355 48 to to TO 39142 355 49 be be VB 39142 355 50 visible visible JJ 39142 355 51 . . . 39142 356 1 Of of RB 39142 356 2 course course RB 39142 356 3 we -PRON- PRP 39142 356 4 know know VBP 39142 356 5 now now RB 39142 356 6 that that IN 39142 356 7 this this DT 39142 356 8 is be VBZ 39142 356 9 really really RB 39142 356 10 true true JJ 39142 356 11 , , , 39142 356 12 and and CC 39142 356 13 that that IN 39142 356 14 no no DT 39142 356 15 instruments instrument NNS 39142 356 16 that that IN 39142 356 17 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 356 18 was be VBD 39142 356 19 able able JJ 39142 356 20 to to TO 39142 356 21 build build VB 39142 356 22 could could MD 39142 356 23 possibly possibly RB 39142 356 24 have have VB 39142 356 25 detected detect VBN 39142 356 26 the the DT 39142 356 27 motions motion NNS 39142 356 28 , , , 39142 356 29 the the DT 39142 356 30 effects effect NNS 39142 356 31 of of IN 39142 356 32 which which WDT 39142 356 33 we -PRON- PRP 39142 356 34 now now RB 39142 356 35 recognize recognize VBP 39142 356 36 in in IN 39142 356 37 the the DT 39142 356 38 case case NN 39142 356 39 of of IN 39142 356 40 the the DT 39142 356 41 nearer nearer NN 39142 356 42 fixed fix VBN 39142 356 43 stars star NNS 39142 356 44 in in IN 39142 356 45 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 356 46 annual annual JJ 39142 356 47 , , , 39142 356 48 or or CC 39142 356 49 parallactic parallactic JJ 39142 356 50 , , , 39142 356 51 orbits orbit NNS 39142 356 52 . . . 39142 357 1 The the DT 39142 357 2 remarkably remarkably RB 39142 357 3 accurate accurate JJ 39142 357 4 instruments instrument NNS 39142 357 5 devised devise VBN 39142 357 6 by by IN 39142 357 7 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 357 8 Brahe Brahe NNP 39142 357 9 and and CC 39142 357 10 employed employ VBN 39142 357 11 by by IN 39142 357 12 him -PRON- PRP 39142 357 13 in in IN 39142 357 14 improving improve VBG 39142 357 15 the the DT 39142 357 16 observations observation NNS 39142 357 17 of of IN 39142 357 18 the the DT 39142 357 19 positions position NNS 39142 357 20 of of IN 39142 357 21 the the DT 39142 357 22 heavenly heavenly JJ 39142 357 23 bodies body NNS 39142 357 24 were be VBD 39142 357 25 no no RB 39142 357 26 doubt doubt RB 39142 357 27 built build VBN 39142 357 28 after after IN 39142 357 29 descriptions description NNS 39142 357 30 of of IN 39142 357 31 astrolabes astrolabe NNS 39142 357 32 such such JJ 39142 357 33 as as IN 39142 357 34 Hipparchus Hipparchus NNP 39142 357 35 used use VBD 39142 357 36 , , , 39142 357 37 as as IN 39142 357 38 described describe VBN 39142 357 39 by by IN 39142 357 40 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 357 41 . . . 39142 358 1 In in IN 39142 358 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 358 3 " " `` 39142 358 4 Astronomiæ Astronomiæ NNP 39142 358 5 Instauratæ Instauratæ NNP 39142 358 6 Mechanica Mechanica NNP 39142 358 7 " " `` 39142 358 8 we -PRON- PRP 39142 358 9 find find VBP 39142 358 10 illustrations illustration NNS 39142 358 11 and and CC 39142 358 12 descriptions description NNS 39142 358 13 of of IN 39142 358 14 many many JJ 39142 358 15 of of IN 39142 358 16 them -PRON- PRP 39142 358 17 . . . 39142 359 1 One one CD 39142 359 2 is be VBZ 39142 359 3 a a DT 39142 359 4 polar polar JJ 39142 359 5 astrolabe astrolabe NN 39142 359 6 , , , 39142 359 7 mounted mount VBD 39142 359 8 somewhat somewhat RB 39142 359 9 as as IN 39142 359 10 a a DT 39142 359 11 modern modern JJ 39142 359 12 equatorial equatorial JJ 39142 359 13 telescope telescope NN 39142 359 14 is be VBZ 39142 359 15 , , , 39142 359 16 and and CC 39142 359 17 the the DT 39142 359 18 meridian meridian NNP 39142 359 19 circle circle NNP 39142 359 20 is be VBZ 39142 359 21 adjustable adjustable JJ 39142 359 22 so so IN 39142 359 23 that that IN 39142 359 24 it -PRON- PRP 39142 359 25 can can MD 39142 359 26 be be VB 39142 359 27 used use VBN 39142 359 28 in in IN 39142 359 29 any any DT 39142 359 30 place place NN 39142 359 31 , , , 39142 359 32 no no RB 39142 359 33 matter matter RB 39142 359 34 what what WP 39142 359 35 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 359 36 latitude latitude NN 39142 359 37 might may MD 39142 359 38 be be VB 39142 359 39 . . . 39142 360 1 There there EX 39142 360 2 is be VBZ 39142 360 3 a a DT 39142 360 4 graduated graduated JJ 39142 360 5 equatorial equatorial JJ 39142 360 6 ring ring NN 39142 360 7 at at IN 39142 360 8 right right JJ 39142 360 9 angles angle NNS 39142 360 10 to to IN 39142 360 11 the the DT 39142 360 12 polar polar JJ 39142 360 13 axis axis NN 39142 360 14 , , , 39142 360 15 so so IN 39142 360 16 that that IN 39142 360 17 the the DT 39142 360 18 astrolabe astrolabe NN 39142 360 19 could could MD 39142 360 20 be be VB 39142 360 21 used use VBN 39142 360 22 for for IN 39142 360 23 making make VBG 39142 360 24 observations observation NNS 39142 360 25 outside outside IN 39142 360 26 the the DT 39142 360 27 meridian meridian NN 39142 360 28 as as RB 39142 360 29 well well RB 39142 360 30 as as IN 39142 360 31 on on IN 39142 360 32 it -PRON- PRP 39142 360 33 . . . 39142 361 1 This this DT 39142 361 2 equatorial equatorial JJ 39142 361 3 circle circle NN 39142 361 4 slides slide VBZ 39142 361 5 through through IN 39142 361 6 grooves groove NNS 39142 361 7 , , , 39142 361 8 and and CC 39142 361 9 is be VBZ 39142 361 10 furnished furnish VBN 39142 361 11 with with IN 39142 361 12 movable movable JJ 39142 361 13 sights sight NNS 39142 361 14 , , , 39142 361 15 and and CC 39142 361 16 a a DT 39142 361 17 plumb plumb JJ 39142 361 18 line line NN 39142 361 19 from from IN 39142 361 20 the the DT 39142 361 21 zenith zenith NN 39142 361 22 or or CC 39142 361 23 highest high JJS 39142 361 24 point point NN 39142 361 25 of of IN 39142 361 26 the the DT 39142 361 27 meridian meridian NNP 39142 361 28 circle circle NN 39142 361 29 makes make VBZ 39142 361 30 it -PRON- PRP 39142 361 31 possible possible JJ 39142 361 32 to to TO 39142 361 33 give give VB 39142 361 34 the the DT 39142 361 35 necessary necessary JJ 39142 361 36 adjustment adjustment NN 39142 361 37 in in IN 39142 361 38 the the DT 39142 361 39 vertical vertical NN 39142 361 40 . . . 39142 362 1 Screws screw NNS 39142 362 2 for for IN 39142 362 3 adjustment adjustment NN 39142 362 4 at at IN 39142 362 5 the the DT 39142 362 6 bottom bottom NN 39142 362 7 are be VBP 39142 362 8 provided provide VBN 39142 362 9 , , , 39142 362 10 just just RB 39142 362 11 as as IN 39142 362 12 in in IN 39142 362 13 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 362 14 modern modern JJ 39142 362 15 instruments instrument NNS 39142 362 16 , , , 39142 362 17 and and CC 39142 362 18 two two CD 39142 362 19 observers observer NNS 39142 362 20 were be VBD 39142 362 21 necessary necessary JJ 39142 362 22 , , , 39142 362 23 taking take VBG 39142 362 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 362 25 sights sight NNS 39142 362 26 simultaneously simultaneously RB 39142 362 27 ; ; : 39142 362 28 unless unless IN 39142 362 29 , , , 39142 362 30 as as IN 39142 362 31 in in IN 39142 362 32 one one CD 39142 362 33 type type NN 39142 362 34 of of IN 39142 362 35 the the DT 39142 362 36 instrument instrument NN 39142 362 37 , , , 39142 362 38 a a DT 39142 362 39 clock clock NN 39142 362 40 , , , 39142 362 41 or or CC 39142 362 42 some some DT 39142 362 43 sort sort NN 39142 362 44 of of IN 39142 362 45 measure measure NN 39142 362 46 of of IN 39142 362 47 time time NN 39142 362 48 , , , 39142 362 49 was be VBD 39142 362 50 employed employ VBN 39142 362 51 . . . 39142 363 1 Another another DT 39142 363 2 early early JJ 39142 363 3 type type NN 39142 363 4 of of IN 39142 363 5 instrument instrument NN 39142 363 6 is be VBZ 39142 363 7 called call VBN 39142 363 8 by by IN 39142 363 9 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 363 10 the the DT 39142 363 11 ecliptic ecliptic JJ 39142 363 12 astrolabe astrolabe NN 39142 363 13 ( ( -LRB- 39142 363 14 _ _ NNP 39142 363 15 Armillæ Armillæ NNP 39142 363 16 Zodiacales Zodiacales NNP 39142 363 17 _ _ NNP 39142 363 18 , , , 39142 363 19 or or CC 39142 363 20 the the DT 39142 363 21 Zodiacal Zodiacal NNP 39142 363 22 Rings Rings NNPS 39142 363 23 ) ) -RRB- 39142 363 24 . . . 39142 364 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 364 2 resembles resemble VBZ 39142 364 3 the the DT 39142 364 4 equatorial equatorial JJ 39142 364 5 astrolabe astrolabe NNP 39142 364 6 somewhat somewhat RB 39142 364 7 , , , 39142 364 8 but but CC 39142 364 9 has have VBZ 39142 364 10 a a DT 39142 364 11 second second JJ 39142 364 12 ring ring NN 39142 364 13 inclined incline VBN 39142 364 14 to to IN 39142 364 15 the the DT 39142 364 16 equatorial equatorial JJ 39142 364 17 one one NN 39142 364 18 at at IN 39142 364 19 an an DT 39142 364 20 angle angle NN 39142 364 21 equal equal JJ 39142 364 22 to to IN 39142 364 23 the the DT 39142 364 24 obliquity obliquity NN 39142 364 25 of of IN 39142 364 26 the the DT 39142 364 27 ecliptic ecliptic NN 39142 364 28 . . . 39142 365 1 In in IN 39142 365 2 observing observing NN 39142 365 3 , , , 39142 365 4 the the DT 39142 365 5 equatorial equatorial JJ 39142 365 6 ring ring NN 39142 365 7 was be VBD 39142 365 8 revolved revolve VBN 39142 365 9 round round RB 39142 365 10 till till IN 39142 365 11 the the DT 39142 365 12 ecliptic ecliptic JJ 39142 365 13 ring ring NN 39142 365 14 came come VBD 39142 365 15 into into IN 39142 365 16 coincidence coincidence NN 39142 365 17 with with IN 39142 365 18 the the DT 39142 365 19 plane plane NN 39142 365 20 of of IN 39142 365 21 the the DT 39142 365 22 ecliptic ecliptic NN 39142 365 23 in in IN 39142 365 24 the the DT 39142 365 25 sky sky NN 39142 365 26 . . . 39142 366 1 Then then RB 39142 366 2 the the DT 39142 366 3 observation observation NN 39142 366 4 of of IN 39142 366 5 a a DT 39142 366 6 star star NN 39142 366 7 's 's POS 39142 366 8 longitude longitude NN 39142 366 9 and and CC 39142 366 10 latitude latitude NN 39142 366 11 , , , 39142 366 12 as as IN 39142 366 13 referred refer VBN 39142 366 14 to to IN 39142 366 15 the the DT 39142 366 16 ecliptic ecliptic JJ 39142 366 17 plane plane NN 39142 366 18 , , , 39142 366 19 could could MD 39142 366 20 be be VB 39142 366 21 made make VBN 39142 366 22 , , , 39142 366 23 quite quite RB 39142 366 24 as as RB 39142 366 25 well well RB 39142 366 26 as as IN 39142 366 27 that that DT 39142 366 28 of of IN 39142 366 29 right right JJ 39142 366 30 ascension ascension NN 39142 366 31 and and CC 39142 366 32 declination declination NN 39142 366 33 on on IN 39142 366 34 the the DT 39142 366 35 equatorial equatorial JJ 39142 366 36 plane plane NN 39142 366 37 . . . 39142 367 1 But but CC 39142 367 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 367 3 was be VBD 39142 367 4 necessary necessary JJ 39142 367 5 to to TO 39142 367 6 work work VB 39142 367 7 quickly quickly RB 39142 367 8 , , , 39142 367 9 as as IN 39142 367 10 the the DT 39142 367 11 adjustment adjustment NN 39142 367 12 on on IN 39142 367 13 the the DT 39142 367 14 ecliptic ecliptic NN 39142 367 15 would would MD 39142 367 16 soon soon RB 39142 367 17 disappear disappear VB 39142 367 18 and and CC 39142 367 19 have have VBP 39142 367 20 to to TO 39142 367 21 be be VB 39142 367 22 renewed renew VBN 39142 367 23 . . . 39142 368 1 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 368 2 is be VBZ 39142 368 3 often often RB 39142 368 4 called call VBN 39142 368 5 the the DT 39142 368 6 father father NN 39142 368 7 of of IN 39142 368 8 the the DT 39142 368 9 science science NN 39142 368 10 of of IN 39142 368 11 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 368 12 observation observation NN 39142 368 13 , , , 39142 368 14 because because IN 39142 368 15 of of IN 39142 368 16 the the DT 39142 368 17 improvements improvement NNS 39142 368 18 in in IN 39142 368 19 design design NN 39142 368 20 and and CC 39142 368 21 construction construction NN 39142 368 22 of of IN 39142 368 23 the the DT 39142 368 24 instruments instrument NNS 39142 368 25 he -PRON- PRP 39142 368 26 used use VBD 39142 368 27 . . . 39142 369 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 369 2 largest large JJS 39142 369 3 instrument instrument NN 39142 369 4 was be VBD 39142 369 5 a a DT 39142 369 6 mural mural JJ 39142 369 7 quadrant quadrant NN 39142 369 8 , , , 39142 369 9 a a DT 39142 369 10 quarter quarter NN 39142 369 11 - - HYPH 39142 369 12 circle circle NN 39142 369 13 of of IN 39142 369 14 copper copper NN 39142 369 15 , , , 39142 369 16 turning turn VBG 39142 369 17 parallel parallel NN 39142 369 18 to to IN 39142 369 19 the the DT 39142 369 20 north north NN 39142 369 21 - - HYPH 39142 369 22 and and CC 39142 369 23 - - HYPH 39142 369 24 south south JJ 39142 369 25 face face NN 39142 369 26 of of IN 39142 369 27 a a DT 39142 369 28 wall wall NN 39142 369 29 , , , 39142 369 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 369 31 axis axis NN 39142 369 32 turning turn VBG 39142 369 33 on on RP 39142 369 34 a a DT 39142 369 35 bearing bearing NN 39142 369 36 fixed fix VBN 39142 369 37 in in IN 39142 369 38 the the DT 39142 369 39 wall wall NN 39142 369 40 . . . 39142 370 1 The the DT 39142 370 2 radius radius NN 39142 370 3 of of IN 39142 370 4 this this DT 39142 370 5 quadrant quadrant NN 39142 370 6 was be VBD 39142 370 7 nine nine CD 39142 370 8 feet foot NNS 39142 370 9 , , , 39142 370 10 and and CC 39142 370 11 it -PRON- PRP 39142 370 12 was be VBD 39142 370 13 graduated graduate VBN 39142 370 14 or or CC 39142 370 15 divided divide VBN 39142 370 16 so so IN 39142 370 17 as as IN 39142 370 18 to to TO 39142 370 19 read read VB 39142 370 20 the the DT 39142 370 21 very very RB 39142 370 22 small small JJ 39142 370 23 angle angle NN 39142 370 24 of of IN 39142 370 25 ten ten CD 39142 370 26 seconds second NNS 39142 370 27 of of IN 39142 370 28 arc arc NN 39142 370 29 -- -- : 39142 370 30 an an DT 39142 370 31 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 39142 370 32 degree degree NN 39142 370 33 of of IN 39142 370 34 precision precision NN 39142 370 35 for for IN 39142 370 36 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 370 37 day day NN 39142 370 38 . . . 39142 371 1 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 371 2 built build VBN 39142 371 3 also also RB 39142 371 4 a a DT 39142 371 5 very very RB 39142 371 6 large large JJ 39142 371 7 alt alt NN 39142 371 8 - - HYPH 39142 371 9 azimuth azimuth NN 39142 371 10 quadrant quadrant NN 39142 371 11 , , , 39142 371 12 of of IN 39142 371 13 six six CD 39142 371 14 feet foot NNS 39142 371 15 radius radius NN 39142 371 16 . . . 39142 372 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 372 2 operation operation NN 39142 372 3 was be VBD 39142 372 4 very very RB 39142 372 5 much much RB 39142 372 6 as as IN 39142 372 7 if if IN 39142 372 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 372 9 mural mural JJ 39142 372 10 quadrant quadrant NN 39142 372 11 could could MD 39142 372 12 be be VB 39142 372 13 swung swing VBN 39142 372 14 round round RB 39142 372 15 in in IN 39142 372 16 azimuth azimuth NN 39142 372 17 . . . 39142 373 1 At at IN 39142 373 2 several several JJ 39142 373 3 of of IN 39142 373 4 the the DT 39142 373 5 great great JJ 39142 373 6 observatories observatory NNS 39142 373 7 of of IN 39142 373 8 the the DT 39142 373 9 present present JJ 39142 373 10 day day NN 39142 373 11 , , , 39142 373 12 as as IN 39142 373 13 Greenwich Greenwich NNP 39142 373 14 and and CC 39142 373 15 Washington Washington NNP 39142 373 16 , , , 39142 373 17 there there EX 39142 373 18 are be VBP 39142 373 19 instruments instrument NNS 39142 373 20 of of IN 39142 373 21 a a DT 39142 373 22 similar similar JJ 39142 373 23 type type NN 39142 373 24 , , , 39142 373 25 but but CC 39142 373 26 much much RB 39142 373 27 more more RBR 39142 373 28 accurate accurate JJ 39142 373 29 , , , 39142 373 30 because because IN 39142 373 31 the the DT 39142 373 32 mechanical mechanical JJ 39142 373 33 work work NN 39142 373 34 in in IN 39142 373 35 brass brass NN 39142 373 36 and and CC 39142 373 37 steel steel NN 39142 373 38 is be VBZ 39142 373 39 executed execute VBN 39142 373 40 by by IN 39142 373 41 tools tool NNS 39142 373 42 that that WDT 39142 373 43 are be VBP 39142 373 44 essentially essentially RB 39142 373 45 perfect perfect JJ 39142 373 46 , , , 39142 373 47 and and CC 39142 373 48 besides besides IN 39142 373 49 this this DT 39142 373 50 the the DT 39142 373 51 power power NN 39142 373 52 of of IN 39142 373 53 the the DT 39142 373 54 telescope telescope NN 39142 373 55 is be VBZ 39142 373 56 superadded superadde VBN 39142 373 57 to to TO 39142 373 58 give give VB 39142 373 59 absolute absolute JJ 39142 373 60 direction direction NN 39142 373 61 , , , 39142 373 62 or or CC 39142 373 63 pointing point VBG 39142 373 64 on on IN 39142 373 65 the the DT 39142 373 66 object object NN 39142 373 67 under under IN 39142 373 68 observation observation NN 39142 373 69 . . . 39142 374 1 Excellent excellent JJ 39142 374 2 clocks clock NNS 39142 374 3 are be VBP 39142 374 4 necessary necessary JJ 39142 374 5 for for IN 39142 374 6 precise precise JJ 39142 374 7 observation observation NN 39142 374 8 with with IN 39142 374 9 such such PDT 39142 374 10 an an DT 39142 374 11 instrument instrument NN 39142 374 12 ; ; : 39142 374 13 but but CC 39142 374 14 neither neither CC 39142 374 15 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 374 16 Brahe Brahe NNP 39142 374 17 , , , 39142 374 18 nor nor CC 39142 374 19 Hevelius hevelius NN 39142 374 20 was be VBD 39142 374 21 provided provide VBN 39142 374 22 with with IN 39142 374 23 such such JJ 39142 374 24 accessories accessory NNS 39142 374 25 . . . 39142 375 1 Hevelius hevelius NN 39142 375 2 did do VBD 39142 375 3 not not RB 39142 375 4 avail avail VB 39142 375 5 himself -PRON- PRP 39142 375 6 of of IN 39142 375 7 the the DT 39142 375 8 telescope telescope NN 39142 375 9 as as IN 39142 375 10 an an DT 39142 375 11 aid aid NN 39142 375 12 to to IN 39142 375 13 precision precision NN 39142 375 14 of of IN 39142 375 15 observation observation NN 39142 375 16 , , , 39142 375 17 claiming claim VBG 39142 375 18 that that IN 39142 375 19 pinhole pinhole NN 39142 375 20 sights sight NNS 39142 375 21 gave give VBD 39142 375 22 him -PRON- PRP 39142 375 23 more more RBR 39142 375 24 accurate accurate JJ 39142 375 25 results result NNS 39142 375 26 . . . 39142 376 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 376 2 was be VBD 39142 376 3 a a DT 39142 376 4 dispute dispute NN 39142 376 5 concerning concern VBG 39142 376 6 this this DT 39142 376 7 question question NN 39142 376 8 that that IN 39142 376 9 Halley Halley NNP 39142 376 10 was be VBD 39142 376 11 sent send VBN 39142 376 12 over over RP 39142 376 13 from from IN 39142 376 14 London London NNP 39142 376 15 to to IN 39142 376 16 Danzig Danzig NNP 39142 376 17 to to TO 39142 376 18 arbitrate arbitrate VB 39142 376 19 . . . 39142 377 1 There there EX 39142 377 2 could could MD 39142 377 3 be be VB 39142 377 4 but but CC 39142 377 5 one one CD 39142 377 6 way way NN 39142 377 7 to to TO 39142 377 8 decide decide VB 39142 377 9 ; ; : 39142 377 10 the the DT 39142 377 11 telescope telescope NN 39142 377 12 with with IN 39142 377 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 377 14 added add VBN 39142 377 15 power power NN 39142 377 16 magnifies magnifie NNS 39142 377 17 any any DT 39142 377 18 displacement displacement NN 39142 377 19 of of IN 39142 377 20 the the DT 39142 377 21 instrument instrument NN 39142 377 22 , , , 39142 377 23 and and CC 39142 377 24 thereby thereby RB 39142 377 25 enables enable VBZ 39142 377 26 the the DT 39142 377 27 observer observer NN 39142 377 28 to to TO 39142 377 29 point point VB 39142 377 30 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 377 31 instrument instrument NN 39142 377 32 more more RBR 39142 377 33 exactly exactly RB 39142 377 34 . . . 39142 378 1 So so RB 39142 378 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 378 3 can can MD 39142 378 4 detect detect VB 39142 378 5 smaller small JJR 39142 378 6 errors error NNS 39142 378 7 and and CC 39142 378 8 differences difference NNS 39142 378 9 of of IN 39142 378 10 direction direction NN 39142 378 11 than than IN 39142 378 12 he -PRON- PRP 39142 378 13 can can MD 39142 378 14 without without IN 39142 378 15 it -PRON- PRP 39142 378 16 . . . 39142 379 1 And and CC 39142 379 2 what what WP 39142 379 3 is be VBZ 39142 379 4 of of IN 39142 379 5 great great JJ 39142 379 6 importance importance NN 39142 379 7 in in IN 39142 379 8 more more JJR 39142 379 9 modern modern JJ 39142 379 10 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 379 11 , , , 39142 379 12 the the DT 39142 379 13 telescope telescope NN 39142 379 14 makes make VBZ 39142 379 15 it -PRON- PRP 39142 379 16 possible possible JJ 39142 379 17 to to TO 39142 379 18 observe observe VB 39142 379 19 accurately accurately RB 39142 379 20 the the DT 39142 379 21 position position NN 39142 379 22 of of IN 39142 379 23 objects object NNS 39142 379 24 so so RB 39142 379 25 faint faint JJ 39142 379 26 that that IN 39142 379 27 they -PRON- PRP 39142 379 28 are be VBP 39142 379 29 wholly wholly RB 39142 379 30 invisible invisible JJ 39142 379 31 to to IN 39142 379 32 the the DT 39142 379 33 naked naked JJ 39142 379 34 eye eye NN 39142 379 35 . . . 39142 380 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39142 380 2 X X NNP 39142 380 3 KEPLER KEPLER NNP 39142 380 4 , , , 39142 380 5 THE the DT 39142 380 6 GREAT great JJ 39142 380 7 CALCULATOR CALCULATOR NNS 39142 380 8 Most most RBS 39142 380 9 fortunate fortunate VBP 39142 380 10 it -PRON- PRP 39142 380 11 was be VBD 39142 380 12 for for IN 39142 380 13 the the DT 39142 380 14 later later JJ 39142 380 15 development development NN 39142 380 16 of of IN 39142 380 17 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 380 18 theory theory NN 39142 380 19 that that IN 39142 380 20 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 380 21 Brahe Brahe NNP 39142 380 22 not not RB 39142 380 23 only only RB 39142 380 24 was be VBD 39142 380 25 a a DT 39142 380 26 practical practical JJ 39142 380 27 or or CC 39142 380 28 observational observational JJ 39142 380 29 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 380 30 of of IN 39142 380 31 the the DT 39142 380 32 highest high JJS 39142 380 33 order order NN 39142 380 34 , , , 39142 380 35 but but CC 39142 380 36 that that IN 39142 380 37 he -PRON- PRP 39142 380 38 confined confine VBD 39142 380 39 himself -PRON- PRP 39142 380 40 studiously studiously RB 39142 380 41 for for IN 39142 380 42 years year NNS 39142 380 43 to to IN 39142 380 44 observations observation NNS 39142 380 45 of of IN 39142 380 46 the the DT 39142 380 47 places place NNS 39142 380 48 of of IN 39142 380 49 the the DT 39142 380 50 planets planet NNS 39142 380 51 . . . 39142 381 1 Of of IN 39142 381 2 Mars Mars NNP 39142 381 3 he -PRON- PRP 39142 381 4 accumulated accumulate VBD 39142 381 5 an an DT 39142 381 6 especially especially RB 39142 381 7 long long JJ 39142 381 8 and and CC 39142 381 9 accurate accurate JJ 39142 381 10 series series NN 39142 381 11 , , , 39142 381 12 and and CC 39142 381 13 among among IN 39142 381 14 those those DT 39142 381 15 who who WP 39142 381 16 assisted assist VBD 39142 381 17 him -PRON- PRP 39142 381 18 in in IN 39142 381 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 381 20 work work NN 39142 381 21 was be VBD 39142 381 22 a a DT 39142 381 23 young young JJ 39142 381 24 and and CC 39142 381 25 brilliant brilliant JJ 39142 381 26 pupil pupil NN 39142 381 27 named name VBN 39142 381 28 Johann Johann NNP 39142 381 29 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 381 30 . . . 39142 382 1 Strongly strongly RB 39142 382 2 impressed impressed JJ 39142 382 3 with with IN 39142 382 4 the the DT 39142 382 5 truth truth NN 39142 382 6 of of IN 39142 382 7 the the DT 39142 382 8 Copernican Copernican NNP 39142 382 9 System System NNP 39142 382 10 , , , 39142 382 11 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 382 12 was be VBD 39142 382 13 free free JJ 39142 382 14 to to TO 39142 382 15 reject reject VB 39142 382 16 the the DT 39142 382 17 erroneous erroneous JJ 39142 382 18 compromise compromise NN 39142 382 19 system system NN 39142 382 20 devised devise VBN 39142 382 21 by by IN 39142 382 22 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 382 23 Brahe Brahe NNP 39142 382 24 , , , 39142 382 25 and and CC 39142 382 26 soon soon RB 39142 382 27 after after IN 39142 382 28 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 382 29 's 's POS 39142 382 30 death death NN 39142 382 31 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 382 32 addressed address VBD 39142 382 33 himself -PRON- PRP 39142 382 34 seriously seriously RB 39142 382 35 to to IN 39142 382 36 the the DT 39142 382 37 great great JJ 39142 382 38 problem problem NN 39142 382 39 that that IN 39142 382 40 no no DT 39142 382 41 one one NN 39142 382 42 had have VBD 39142 382 43 ever ever RB 39142 382 44 attempted attempt VBN 39142 382 45 to to TO 39142 382 46 solve solve VB 39142 382 47 , , , 39142 382 48 viz viz NN 39142 382 49 : : : 39142 382 50 to to TO 39142 382 51 find find VB 39142 382 52 out out RP 39142 382 53 what what WP 39142 382 54 the the DT 39142 382 55 laws law NNS 39142 382 56 of of IN 39142 382 57 motion motion NN 39142 382 58 of of IN 39142 382 59 the the DT 39142 382 60 planets planet NNS 39142 382 61 round round IN 39142 382 62 the the DT 39142 382 63 sun sun NN 39142 382 64 really really RB 39142 382 65 are be VBP 39142 382 66 . . . 39142 383 1 Of of RB 39142 383 2 course course RB 39142 383 3 he -PRON- PRP 39142 383 4 took take VBD 39142 383 5 the the DT 39142 383 6 fullest full JJS 39142 383 7 advantage advantage NN 39142 383 8 of of IN 39142 383 9 all all DT 39142 383 10 that that WDT 39142 383 11 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 383 12 and and CC 39142 383 13 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 39142 383 14 had have VBD 39142 383 15 done do VBN 39142 383 16 before before IN 39142 383 17 him -PRON- PRP 39142 383 18 , , , 39142 383 19 and and CC 39142 383 20 he -PRON- PRP 39142 383 21 had have VBD 39142 383 22 in in IN 39142 383 23 addition addition NN 39142 383 24 the the DT 39142 383 25 splendid splendid JJ 39142 383 26 observations observation NNS 39142 383 27 of of IN 39142 383 28 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 383 29 Brahe Brahe NNP 39142 383 30 as as IN 39142 383 31 a a DT 39142 383 32 basis basis NN 39142 383 33 to to TO 39142 383 34 work work VB 39142 383 35 upon upon IN 39142 383 36 . . . 39142 384 1 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 39142 384 2 , , , 39142 384 3 while while IN 39142 384 4 he -PRON- PRP 39142 384 5 had have VBD 39142 384 6 effected effect VBN 39142 384 7 the the DT 39142 384 8 tremendous tremendous JJ 39142 384 9 advance advance NN 39142 384 10 of of IN 39142 384 11 substituting substitute VBG 39142 384 12 the the DT 39142 384 13 sun sun NN 39142 384 14 for for IN 39142 384 15 the the DT 39142 384 16 earth earth NN 39142 384 17 as as IN 39142 384 18 the the DT 39142 384 19 center center NN 39142 384 20 of of IN 39142 384 21 motion motion NN 39142 384 22 , , , 39142 384 23 nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 384 24 clung clung NNP 39142 384 25 to to IN 39142 384 26 the the DT 39142 384 27 erroneous erroneous JJ 39142 384 28 notion notion NN 39142 384 29 of of IN 39142 384 30 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 384 31 that that WDT 39142 384 32 all all PDT 39142 384 33 the the DT 39142 384 34 bodies body NNS 39142 384 35 of of IN 39142 384 36 the the DT 39142 384 37 sky sky NN 39142 384 38 must must MD 39142 384 39 perforce perforce VB 39142 384 40 move move VB 39142 384 41 at at IN 39142 384 42 uniform uniform JJ 39142 384 43 speeds speed NNS 39142 384 44 , , , 39142 384 45 and and CC 39142 384 46 in in IN 39142 384 47 circular circular JJ 39142 384 48 curves curve NNS 39142 384 49 , , , 39142 384 50 the the DT 39142 384 51 circle circle NN 39142 384 52 being be VBG 39142 384 53 the the DT 39142 384 54 only only JJ 39142 384 55 " " `` 39142 384 56 perfect perfect JJ 39142 384 57 curve curve NN 39142 384 58 . . . 39142 384 59 " " '' 39142 385 1 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 385 2 was be VBD 39142 385 3 not not RB 39142 385 4 long long RB 39142 385 5 in in IN 39142 385 6 finding find VBG 39142 385 7 out out RP 39142 385 8 that that IN 39142 385 9 this this DT 39142 385 10 could could MD 39142 385 11 not not RB 39142 385 12 be be VB 39142 385 13 so so RB 39142 385 14 , , , 39142 385 15 and and CC 39142 385 16 he -PRON- PRP 39142 385 17 found find VBD 39142 385 18 it -PRON- PRP 39142 385 19 out out RP 39142 385 20 because because IN 39142 385 21 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 385 22 Brahe Brahe NNP 39142 385 23 's 's POS 39142 385 24 observations observation NNS 39142 385 25 were be VBD 39142 385 26 much much RB 39142 385 27 more more RBR 39142 385 28 accurate accurate JJ 39142 385 29 than than IN 39142 385 30 any any DT 39142 385 31 that that IN 39142 385 32 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 39142 385 33 had have VBD 39142 385 34 employed employ VBN 39142 385 35 . . . 39142 386 1 Naturally naturally RB 39142 386 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 386 3 attempted attempt VBD 39142 386 4 the the DT 39142 386 5 nearest near JJS 39142 386 6 planet planet NN 39142 386 7 first first RB 39142 386 8 , , , 39142 386 9 and and CC 39142 386 10 that that DT 39142 386 11 was be VBD 39142 386 12 Mars Mars NNP 39142 386 13 -- -- : 39142 386 14 the the DT 39142 386 15 planet planet NN 39142 386 16 that that WDT 39142 386 17 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 386 18 had have VBD 39142 386 19 assigned assign VBN 39142 386 20 to to IN 39142 386 21 him -PRON- PRP 39142 386 22 for for IN 39142 386 23 research research NN 39142 386 24 . . . 39142 387 1 How how WRB 39142 387 2 fortunate fortunate JJ 39142 387 3 that that IN 39142 387 4 the the DT 39142 387 5 orbit orbit NN 39142 387 6 of of IN 39142 387 7 Mars Mars NNP 39142 387 8 was be VBD 39142 387 9 the the DT 39142 387 10 one one NN 39142 387 11 , , , 39142 387 12 of of IN 39142 387 13 all all PDT 39142 387 14 the the DT 39142 387 15 planets planet NNS 39142 387 16 , , , 39142 387 17 to to TO 39142 387 18 show show VB 39142 387 19 practically practically RB 39142 387 20 the the DT 39142 387 21 greatest great JJS 39142 387 22 divergence divergence NN 39142 387 23 from from IN 39142 387 24 the the DT 39142 387 25 ancient ancient JJ 39142 387 26 conditions condition NNS 39142 387 27 of of IN 39142 387 28 uniform uniform JJ 39142 387 29 motion motion NN 39142 387 30 in in IN 39142 387 31 a a DT 39142 387 32 perfectly perfectly RB 39142 387 33 circular circular JJ 39142 387 34 orbit orbit NN 39142 387 35 ! ! . 39142 388 1 Had have VBD 39142 388 2 the the DT 39142 388 3 orbit orbit NN 39142 388 4 of of IN 39142 388 5 Mars Mars NNP 39142 388 6 chanced chance VBD 39142 388 7 to to TO 39142 388 8 be be VB 39142 388 9 as as RB 39142 388 10 nearly nearly RB 39142 388 11 circular circular JJ 39142 388 12 as as IN 39142 388 13 is be VBZ 39142 388 14 that that DT 39142 388 15 of of IN 39142 388 16 Venus Venus NNP 39142 388 17 , , , 39142 388 18 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 388 19 might may MD 39142 388 20 well well RB 39142 388 21 have have VB 39142 388 22 been be VBN 39142 388 23 driven drive VBN 39142 388 24 to to TO 39142 388 25 abandon abandon VB 39142 388 26 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 388 27 search search NN 39142 388 28 for for IN 39142 388 29 the the DT 39142 388 30 true true JJ 39142 388 31 curve curve NN 39142 388 32 of of IN 39142 388 33 planetary planetary JJ 39142 388 34 motion motion NN 39142 388 35 . . . 39142 389 1 However however RB 39142 389 2 , , , 39142 389 3 the the DT 39142 389 4 facts fact NNS 39142 389 5 of of IN 39142 389 6 the the DT 39142 389 7 cosmos cosmo NNS 39142 389 8 were be VBD 39142 389 9 on on IN 39142 389 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 389 11 side side NN 39142 389 12 , , , 39142 389 13 but but CC 39142 389 14 the the DT 39142 389 15 calculations calculation NNS 39142 389 16 essential essential JJ 39142 389 17 in in IN 39142 389 18 testing test VBG 39142 389 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 389 20 various various JJ 39142 389 21 hypotheses hypothesis NNS 39142 389 22 were be VBD 39142 389 23 of of IN 39142 389 24 the the DT 39142 389 25 most most RBS 39142 389 26 tedious tedious JJ 39142 389 27 nature nature NN 39142 389 28 , , , 39142 389 29 because because IN 39142 389 30 logarithms logarithms NNP 39142 389 31 were be VBD 39142 389 32 not not RB 39142 389 33 yet yet RB 39142 389 34 known know VBN 39142 389 35 in in IN 39142 389 36 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 389 37 day day NN 39142 389 38 . . . 39142 390 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 390 2 first first JJ 39142 390 3 discovery discovery NN 39142 390 4 was be VBD 39142 390 5 that that IN 39142 390 6 the the DT 39142 390 7 orbit orbit NN 39142 390 8 of of IN 39142 390 9 Mars Mars NNP 39142 390 10 is be VBZ 39142 390 11 certainly certainly RB 39142 390 12 not not RB 39142 390 13 a a DT 39142 390 14 circle circle NN 39142 390 15 , , , 39142 390 16 but but CC 39142 390 17 oval oval NN 39142 390 18 or or CC 39142 390 19 elliptic elliptic JJ 39142 390 20 in in IN 39142 390 21 figure figure NN 39142 390 22 . . . 39142 391 1 And and CC 39142 391 2 the the DT 39142 391 3 sun sun NN 39142 391 4 , , , 39142 391 5 he -PRON- PRP 39142 391 6 soon soon RB 39142 391 7 found find VBD 39142 391 8 , , , 39142 391 9 could could MD 39142 391 10 not not RB 39142 391 11 be be VB 39142 391 12 in in IN 39142 391 13 the the DT 39142 391 14 center center NN 39142 391 15 of of IN 39142 391 16 the the DT 39142 391 17 ellipse ellipse NN 39142 391 18 , , , 39142 391 19 so so RB 39142 391 20 he -PRON- PRP 39142 391 21 made make VBD 39142 391 22 a a DT 39142 391 23 series series NN 39142 391 24 of of IN 39142 391 25 trial trial NN 39142 391 26 calculations calculation NNS 39142 391 27 with with IN 39142 391 28 the the DT 39142 391 29 sun sun NN 39142 391 30 located locate VBN 39142 391 31 in in IN 39142 391 32 one one CD 39142 391 33 of of IN 39142 391 34 the the DT 39142 391 35 foci foci NN 39142 391 36 of of IN 39142 391 37 the the DT 39142 391 38 ellipse ellipse NN 39142 391 39 instead instead RB 39142 391 40 . . . 39142 392 1 Then then RB 39142 392 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 392 3 found find VBD 39142 392 4 he -PRON- PRP 39142 392 5 could could MD 39142 392 6 make make VB 39142 392 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 392 8 calculated calculated JJ 39142 392 9 places place NNS 39142 392 10 of of IN 39142 392 11 Mars Mars NNP 39142 392 12 agree agree VBP 39142 392 13 quite quite RB 39142 392 14 perfectly perfectly RB 39142 392 15 with with IN 39142 392 16 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 392 17 Brahe Brahe NNP 39142 392 18 's 's POS 39142 392 19 observed observed JJ 39142 392 20 positions position NNS 39142 392 21 , , , 39142 392 22 if if IN 39142 392 23 only only RB 39142 392 24 he -PRON- PRP 39142 392 25 gave give VBD 39142 392 26 up up RP 39142 392 27 the the DT 39142 392 28 other other JJ 39142 392 29 ancient ancient JJ 39142 392 30 requisite requisite NN 39142 392 31 of of IN 39142 392 32 perfectly perfectly RB 39142 392 33 uniform uniform JJ 39142 392 34 motion motion NN 39142 392 35 . . . 39142 393 1 On on IN 39142 393 2 doing do VBG 39142 393 3 this this DT 39142 393 4 , , , 39142 393 5 it -PRON- PRP 39142 393 6 soon soon RB 39142 393 7 appeared appear VBD 39142 393 8 that that IN 39142 393 9 Mars Mars NNP 39142 393 10 , , , 39142 393 11 when when WRB 39142 393 12 in in IN 39142 393 13 perihelion perihelion NN 39142 393 14 , , , 39142 393 15 or or CC 39142 393 16 nearest near JJS 39142 393 17 the the DT 39142 393 18 sun sun NN 39142 393 19 , , , 39142 393 20 always always RB 39142 393 21 moved move VBD 39142 393 22 swiftest swiftest RB 39142 393 23 , , , 39142 393 24 while while IN 39142 393 25 at at IN 39142 393 26 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 393 27 greatest great JJS 39142 393 28 distance distance NN 39142 393 29 from from IN 39142 393 30 the the DT 39142 393 31 sun sun NN 39142 393 32 , , , 39142 393 33 or or CC 39142 393 34 aphelion aphelion NN 39142 393 35 , , , 39142 393 36 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 393 37 orbital orbital JJ 39142 393 38 velocity velocity NN 39142 393 39 was be VBD 39142 393 40 slowest slow JJS 39142 393 41 . . . 39142 394 1 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 394 2 did do VBD 39142 394 3 not not RB 39142 394 4 busy busy VB 39142 394 5 himself -PRON- PRP 39142 394 6 to to TO 39142 394 7 inquire inquire VB 39142 394 8 why why WRB 39142 394 9 these these DT 39142 394 10 revolutionary revolutionary JJ 39142 394 11 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 394 12 of of IN 39142 394 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 394 14 were be VBD 39142 394 15 as as IN 39142 394 16 they -PRON- PRP 39142 394 17 were be VBD 39142 394 18 ; ; : 39142 394 19 he -PRON- PRP 39142 394 20 simply simply RB 39142 394 21 went go VBD 39142 394 22 on on RP 39142 394 23 making make VBG 39142 394 24 enough enough JJ 39142 394 25 trials trial NNS 39142 394 26 on on IN 39142 394 27 Mars Mars NNP 39142 394 28 , , , 39142 394 29 and and CC 39142 394 30 then then RB 39142 394 31 on on IN 39142 394 32 the the DT 39142 394 33 other other JJ 39142 394 34 planets planet NNS 39142 394 35 in in IN 39142 394 36 turn turn NN 39142 394 37 , , , 39142 394 38 to to TO 39142 394 39 satisfy satisfy VB 39142 394 40 himself -PRON- PRP 39142 394 41 that that IN 39142 394 42 all all PDT 39142 394 43 the the DT 39142 394 44 planetary planetary NN 39142 394 45 orbits orbit NNS 39142 394 46 are be VBP 39142 394 47 elliptical elliptical JJ 39142 394 48 , , , 39142 394 49 not not RB 39142 394 50 circular circular JJ 39142 394 51 in in IN 39142 394 52 form form NN 39142 394 53 , , , 39142 394 54 and and CC 39142 394 55 are be VBP 39142 394 56 so so RB 39142 394 57 located locate VBN 39142 394 58 in in IN 39142 394 59 space space NN 39142 394 60 that that WDT 39142 394 61 the the DT 39142 394 62 center center NN 39142 394 63 of of IN 39142 394 64 the the DT 39142 394 65 sun sun NN 39142 394 66 is be VBZ 39142 394 67 at at IN 39142 394 68 one one CD 39142 394 69 of of IN 39142 394 70 the the DT 39142 394 71 two two CD 39142 394 72 foci foci NN 39142 394 73 of of IN 39142 394 74 each each DT 39142 394 75 orbit orbit NN 39142 394 76 . . . 39142 395 1 This this DT 39142 395 2 is be VBZ 39142 395 3 known know VBN 39142 395 4 as as IN 39142 395 5 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 395 6 's 's POS 39142 395 7 first first JJ 39142 395 8 law law NN 39142 395 9 of of IN 39142 395 10 planetary planetary NN 39142 395 11 motion motion NN 39142 395 12 . . . 39142 396 1 The the DT 39142 396 2 second second JJ 39142 396 3 one one NN 39142 396 4 did do VBD 39142 396 5 not not RB 39142 396 6 come come VB 39142 396 7 quite quite RB 39142 396 8 so so RB 39142 396 9 easy easy JJ 39142 396 10 ; ; : 39142 396 11 it -PRON- PRP 39142 396 12 concerned concern VBD 39142 396 13 the the DT 39142 396 14 variable variable JJ 39142 396 15 speed speed NN 39142 396 16 with with IN 39142 396 17 which which WDT 39142 396 18 the the DT 39142 396 19 planet planet NN 39142 396 20 moves move VBZ 39142 396 21 at at IN 39142 396 22 every every DT 39142 396 23 point point NN 39142 396 24 of of IN 39142 396 25 the the DT 39142 396 26 orbit orbit NN 39142 396 27 . . . 39142 397 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 397 2 must must MD 39142 397 3 remember remember VB 39142 397 4 how how WRB 39142 397 5 handicapped handicapped JJ 39142 397 6 he -PRON- PRP 39142 397 7 was be VBD 39142 397 8 in in IN 39142 397 9 solving solve VBG 39142 397 10 this this DT 39142 397 11 problem problem NN 39142 397 12 : : : 39142 397 13 only only RB 39142 397 14 the the DT 39142 397 15 geometry geometry NN 39142 397 16 of of IN 39142 397 17 Euclid Euclid NNP 39142 397 18 to to TO 39142 397 19 work work VB 39142 397 20 with with IN 39142 397 21 , , , 39142 397 22 and and CC 39142 397 23 none none NN 39142 397 24 of of IN 39142 397 25 the the DT 39142 397 26 refinements refinement NNS 39142 397 27 of of IN 39142 397 28 the the DT 39142 397 29 higher high JJR 39142 397 30 mathematics mathematic NNS 39142 397 31 of of IN 39142 397 32 a a DT 39142 397 33 later later JJ 39142 397 34 day day NN 39142 397 35 . . . 39142 398 1 But but CC 39142 398 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 398 3 finally finally RB 39142 398 4 found find VBD 39142 398 5 a a DT 39142 398 6 very very RB 39142 398 7 simple simple JJ 39142 398 8 relation relation NN 39142 398 9 which which WDT 39142 398 10 represented represent VBD 39142 398 11 the the DT 39142 398 12 velocity velocity NN 39142 398 13 of of IN 39142 398 14 the the DT 39142 398 15 planet planet NN 39142 398 16 everywhere everywhere RB 39142 398 17 in in IN 39142 398 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 398 19 orbit orbit NN 39142 398 20 . . . 39142 399 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 399 2 was be VBD 39142 399 3 this this DT 39142 399 4 : : : 39142 399 5 if if IN 39142 399 6 we -PRON- PRP 39142 399 7 calculate calculate VBP 39142 399 8 the the DT 39142 399 9 area area NN 39142 399 10 swept sweep VBN 39142 399 11 , , , 39142 399 12 or or CC 39142 399 13 passed pass VBN 39142 399 14 over over RP 39142 399 15 , , , 39142 399 16 by by IN 39142 399 17 the the DT 39142 399 18 planet planet NN 39142 399 19 's 's POS 39142 399 20 radius radius NN 39142 399 21 vector vector NN 39142 399 22 ( ( -LRB- 39142 399 23 that that RB 39142 399 24 is is RB 39142 399 25 , , , 39142 399 26 the the DT 39142 399 27 line line NN 39142 399 28 joining join VBG 39142 399 29 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 399 30 center center NN 39142 399 31 to to IN 39142 399 32 the the DT 39142 399 33 sun sun NN 39142 399 34 's 's POS 39142 399 35 center center NN 39142 399 36 ) ) -RRB- 39142 399 37 during during IN 39142 399 38 a a DT 39142 399 39 week week NN 39142 399 40 's 's POS 39142 399 41 time time NN 39142 399 42 near near IN 39142 399 43 perihelion perihelion NN 39142 399 44 , , , 39142 399 45 and and CC 39142 399 46 then then RB 39142 399 47 calculate calculate VB 39142 399 48 the the DT 39142 399 49 similar similar JJ 39142 399 50 area area NN 39142 399 51 for for IN 39142 399 52 a a DT 39142 399 53 week week NN 39142 399 54 near near IN 39142 399 55 aphelion aphelion NN 39142 399 56 , , , 39142 399 57 or or CC 39142 399 58 indeed indeed RB 39142 399 59 for for IN 39142 399 60 a a DT 39142 399 61 week week NN 39142 399 62 when when WRB 39142 399 63 Mars Mars NNP 39142 399 64 is be VBZ 39142 399 65 in in IN 39142 399 66 any any DT 39142 399 67 intermediate intermediate JJ 39142 399 68 part part NN 39142 399 69 of of IN 39142 399 70 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 399 71 orbit orbit NN 39142 399 72 , , , 39142 399 73 we -PRON- PRP 39142 399 74 shall shall MD 39142 399 75 find find VB 39142 399 76 that that IN 39142 399 77 these these DT 39142 399 78 areas area NNS 39142 399 79 are be VBP 39142 399 80 all all RB 39142 399 81 equal equal JJ 39142 399 82 to to IN 39142 399 83 each each DT 39142 399 84 other other JJ 39142 399 85 . . . 39142 400 1 So so RB 39142 400 2 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 400 3 formulated formulate VBD 39142 400 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 400 5 second second JJ 39142 400 6 great great JJ 39142 400 7 law law NN 39142 400 8 of of IN 39142 400 9 planetary planetary NN 39142 400 10 motion motion NN 39142 400 11 very very RB 39142 400 12 simply simply RB 39142 400 13 : : : 39142 400 14 the the DT 39142 400 15 radius radius NN 39142 400 16 vector vector NN 39142 400 17 of of IN 39142 400 18 any any DT 39142 400 19 planet planet NN 39142 400 20 describes describe VBZ 39142 400 21 , , , 39142 400 22 or or CC 39142 400 23 sweeps sweep VBZ 39142 400 24 over over RP 39142 400 25 , , , 39142 400 26 equal equal JJ 39142 400 27 areas area NNS 39142 400 28 in in IN 39142 400 29 equal equal JJ 39142 400 30 times time NNS 39142 400 31 . . . 39142 401 1 And and CC 39142 401 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 401 3 found find VBD 39142 401 4 this this DT 39142 401 5 was be VBD 39142 401 6 true true JJ 39142 401 7 for for IN 39142 401 8 all all PDT 39142 401 9 the the DT 39142 401 10 planets planet NNS 39142 401 11 . . . 39142 402 1 But but CC 39142 402 2 the the DT 39142 402 3 real real JJ 39142 402 4 genius genius NN 39142 402 5 of of IN 39142 402 6 the the DT 39142 402 7 great great JJ 39142 402 8 mathematician mathematician NNP 39142 402 9 was be VBD 39142 402 10 shown show VBN 39142 402 11 in in IN 39142 402 12 the the DT 39142 402 13 discovery discovery NN 39142 402 14 of of IN 39142 402 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 402 16 third third JJ 39142 402 17 law law NN 39142 402 18 , , , 39142 402 19 which which WDT 39142 402 20 is be VBZ 39142 402 21 more more RBR 39142 402 22 complex complex JJ 39142 402 23 and and CC 39142 402 24 even even RB 39142 402 25 more more RBR 39142 402 26 significant significant JJ 39142 402 27 than than IN 39142 402 28 the the DT 39142 402 29 other other JJ 39142 402 30 two two CD 39142 402 31 -- -- : 39142 402 32 a a DT 39142 402 33 law law NN 39142 402 34 connecting connect VBG 39142 402 35 the the DT 39142 402 36 distances distance NNS 39142 402 37 of of IN 39142 402 38 the the DT 39142 402 39 planets planet NNS 39142 402 40 from from IN 39142 402 41 the the DT 39142 402 42 sun sun NN 39142 402 43 with with IN 39142 402 44 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 402 45 periods period NNS 39142 402 46 of of IN 39142 402 47 revolution revolution NN 39142 402 48 about about IN 39142 402 49 the the DT 39142 402 50 sun sun NN 39142 402 51 . . . 39142 403 1 This this DT 39142 403 2 cost cost NN 39142 403 3 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 403 4 many many JJ 39142 403 5 additional additional JJ 39142 403 6 years year NNS 39142 403 7 of of IN 39142 403 8 close close JJ 39142 403 9 calculation calculation NN 39142 403 10 , , , 39142 403 11 and and CC 39142 403 12 the the DT 39142 403 13 resulting result VBG 39142 403 14 law law NN 39142 403 15 , , , 39142 403 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 403 17 third third JJ 39142 403 18 law law NN 39142 403 19 of of IN 39142 403 20 planetary planetary NN 39142 403 21 motion motion NN 39142 403 22 is be VBZ 39142 403 23 this this DT 39142 403 24 : : : 39142 403 25 The the DT 39142 403 26 cubes cube NNS 39142 403 27 of of IN 39142 403 28 the the DT 39142 403 29 mean mean NN 39142 403 30 or or CC 39142 403 31 average average JJ 39142 403 32 distances distance NNS 39142 403 33 of of IN 39142 403 34 the the DT 39142 403 35 planets planet NNS 39142 403 36 from from IN 39142 403 37 the the DT 39142 403 38 sun sun NN 39142 403 39 are be VBP 39142 403 40 proportional proportional JJ 39142 403 41 to to IN 39142 403 42 the the DT 39142 403 43 squares square NNS 39142 403 44 of of IN 39142 403 45 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 403 46 times time NNS 39142 403 47 of of IN 39142 403 48 revolution revolution NN 39142 403 49 around around IN 39142 403 50 him -PRON- PRP 39142 403 51 . . . 39142 404 1 So so RB 39142 404 2 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 404 3 had have VBD 39142 404 4 not not RB 39142 404 5 only only RB 39142 404 6 disposed dispose VBN 39142 404 7 of of IN 39142 404 8 the the DT 39142 404 9 sacred sacred JJ 39142 404 10 theories theory NNS 39142 404 11 of of IN 39142 404 12 motion motion NN 39142 404 13 of of IN 39142 404 14 the the DT 39142 404 15 planets planet NNS 39142 404 16 held hold VBN 39142 404 17 by by IN 39142 404 18 the the DT 39142 404 19 ancients ancient NNS 39142 404 20 as as IN 39142 404 21 inviolable inviolable JJ 39142 404 22 , , , 39142 404 23 but but CC 39142 404 24 he -PRON- PRP 39142 404 25 had have VBD 39142 404 26 demonstrated demonstrate VBN 39142 404 27 the the DT 39142 404 28 truth truth NN 39142 404 29 of of IN 39142 404 30 a a DT 39142 404 31 great great JJ 39142 404 32 law law NN 39142 404 33 which which WDT 39142 404 34 bound bind VBD 39142 404 35 all all PDT 39142 404 36 the the DT 39142 404 37 bodies body NNS 39142 404 38 of of IN 39142 404 39 the the DT 39142 404 40 solar solar JJ 39142 404 41 system system NN 39142 404 42 together together RB 39142 404 43 . . . 39142 405 1 So so RB 39142 405 2 accurately accurately RB 39142 405 3 and and CC 39142 405 4 completely completely RB 39142 405 5 did do VBD 39142 405 6 these these DT 39142 405 7 three three CD 39142 405 8 laws law NNS 39142 405 9 account account VBP 39142 405 10 for for IN 39142 405 11 all all PDT 39142 405 12 the the DT 39142 405 13 motions motion NNS 39142 405 14 , , , 39142 405 15 that that IN 39142 405 16 the the DT 39142 405 17 science science NN 39142 405 18 of of IN 39142 405 19 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 405 20 seemed seem VBD 39142 405 21 as as IN 39142 405 22 if if IN 39142 405 23 finished finish VBN 39142 405 24 ; ; : 39142 405 25 and and CC 39142 405 26 no no RB 39142 405 27 matter matter RB 39142 405 28 how how WRB 39142 405 29 far far RB 39142 405 30 in in IN 39142 405 31 the the DT 39142 405 32 future future NN 39142 405 33 a a DT 39142 405 34 time time NN 39142 405 35 might may MD 39142 405 36 be be VB 39142 405 37 assigned assign VBN 39142 405 38 , , , 39142 405 39 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 405 40 's 's POS 39142 405 41 laws law NNS 39142 405 42 provided provide VBD 39142 405 43 the the DT 39142 405 44 means mean NNS 39142 405 45 of of IN 39142 405 46 calculating calculate VBG 39142 405 47 the the DT 39142 405 48 planet planet NN 39142 405 49 's 's POS 39142 405 50 position position NN 39142 405 51 for for IN 39142 405 52 that that DT 39142 405 53 epoch epoch NN 39142 405 54 as as RB 39142 405 55 accurately accurately RB 39142 405 56 as as IN 39142 405 57 it -PRON- PRP 39142 405 58 would would MD 39142 405 59 be be VB 39142 405 60 possible possible JJ 39142 405 61 to to TO 39142 405 62 observe observe VB 39142 405 63 it -PRON- PRP 39142 405 64 . . . 39142 406 1 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 406 2 paused pause VBD 39142 406 3 here here RB 39142 406 4 , , , 39142 406 5 and and CC 39142 406 6 he -PRON- PRP 39142 406 7 died die VBD 39142 406 8 in in IN 39142 406 9 1630 1630 CD 39142 406 10 . . . 39142 407 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 407 2 XI XI NNP 39142 407 3 GALILEO GALILEO NNP 39142 407 4 , , , 39142 407 5 THE the DT 39142 407 6 GREAT great JJ 39142 407 7 EXPERIMENTER EXPERIMENTER NNP 39142 407 8 The the DT 39142 407 9 fifteenth fifteenth JJ 39142 407 10 and and CC 39142 407 11 sixteenth sixteenth JJ 39142 407 12 centuries century NNS 39142 407 13 , , , 39142 407 14 containing contain VBG 39142 407 15 the the DT 39142 407 16 lives life NNS 39142 407 17 and and CC 39142 407 18 work work NN 39142 407 19 of of IN 39142 407 20 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 39142 407 21 , , , 39142 407 22 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 407 23 , , , 39142 407 24 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 407 25 , , , 39142 407 26 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 407 27 , , , 39142 407 28 Huygens Huygens NNP 39142 407 29 , , , 39142 407 30 Halley Halley NNP 39142 407 31 , , , 39142 407 32 and and CC 39142 407 33 Newton Newton NNP 39142 407 34 , , , 39142 407 35 were be VBD 39142 407 36 a a DT 39142 407 37 veritable veritable JJ 39142 407 38 Golden Golden NNP 39142 407 39 Age Age NNP 39142 407 40 of of IN 39142 407 41 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 407 42 . . . 39142 408 1 All all PDT 39142 408 2 these these DT 39142 408 3 men man NNS 39142 408 4 were be VBD 39142 408 5 truly truly RB 39142 408 6 great great JJ 39142 408 7 and and CC 39142 408 8 original original JJ 39142 408 9 investigators investigator NNS 39142 408 10 . . . 39142 409 1 None none NN 39142 409 2 had have VBD 39142 409 3 a a DT 39142 409 4 career career NN 39142 409 5 more more JJR 39142 409 6 picturesque picturesque NN 39142 409 7 and and CC 39142 409 8 popular popular JJ 39142 409 9 than than IN 39142 409 10 did do VBD 39142 409 11 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 409 12 . . . 39142 410 1 Born bear VBN 39142 410 2 a a DT 39142 410 3 few few JJ 39142 410 4 years year NNS 39142 410 5 earlier early RBR 39142 410 6 and and CC 39142 410 7 dying die VBG 39142 410 8 a a DT 39142 410 9 few few JJ 39142 410 10 years year NNS 39142 410 11 later later RB 39142 410 12 than than IN 39142 410 13 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 410 14 , , , 39142 410 15 the the DT 39142 410 16 work work NN 39142 410 17 of of IN 39142 410 18 each each DT 39142 410 19 of of IN 39142 410 20 these these DT 39142 410 21 two two CD 39142 410 22 great great JJ 39142 410 23 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 410 24 was be VBD 39142 410 25 wholly wholly RB 39142 410 26 independent independent JJ 39142 410 27 of of IN 39142 410 28 the the DT 39142 410 29 other other JJ 39142 410 30 and and CC 39142 410 31 in in IN 39142 410 32 entirely entirely RB 39142 410 33 different different JJ 39142 410 34 fields field NNS 39142 410 35 . . . 39142 411 1 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 411 2 was be VBD 39142 411 3 discovering discover VBG 39142 411 4 the the DT 39142 411 5 laws law NNS 39142 411 6 of of IN 39142 411 7 planetary planetary JJ 39142 411 8 motion motion NN 39142 411 9 , , , 39142 411 10 while while IN 39142 411 11 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 411 12 was be VBD 39142 411 13 laying lay VBG 39142 411 14 the the DT 39142 411 15 secure secure JJ 39142 411 16 foundations foundation NNS 39142 411 17 of of IN 39142 411 18 the the DT 39142 411 19 new new JJ 39142 411 20 science science NN 39142 411 21 of of IN 39142 411 22 dynamics dynamic NNS 39142 411 23 , , , 39142 411 24 in in IN 39142 411 25 particular particular JJ 39142 411 26 the the DT 39142 411 27 laws law NNS 39142 411 28 of of IN 39142 411 29 falling fall VBG 39142 411 30 bodies body NNS 39142 411 31 , , , 39142 411 32 that that WDT 39142 411 33 was be VBD 39142 411 34 necessary necessary JJ 39142 411 35 before before IN 39142 411 36 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 411 37 's 's POS 39142 411 38 laws law NNS 39142 411 39 could could MD 39142 411 40 be be VB 39142 411 41 fully fully RB 39142 411 42 understood understand VBN 39142 411 43 . . . 39142 412 1 When when WRB 39142 412 2 only only RB 39142 412 3 eighteen eighteen CD 39142 412 4 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 412 5 's 's POS 39142 412 6 keen keen JJ 39142 412 7 power power NN 39142 412 8 of of IN 39142 412 9 observation observation NN 39142 412 10 led lead VBD 39142 412 11 to to IN 39142 412 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 412 13 discovery discovery NN 39142 412 14 of of IN 39142 412 15 the the DT 39142 412 16 laws law NNS 39142 412 17 of of IN 39142 412 18 pendulum pendulum NN 39142 412 19 motion motion NN 39142 412 20 , , , 39142 412 21 suggested suggest VBN 39142 412 22 by by IN 39142 412 23 the the DT 39142 412 24 oscillation oscillation NN 39142 412 25 to to IN 39142 412 26 and and CC 39142 412 27 fro fro NNP 39142 412 28 of of IN 39142 412 29 a a DT 39142 412 30 lamp lamp NN 39142 412 31 in in IN 39142 412 32 the the DT 39142 412 33 cathedral cathedral NN 39142 412 34 of of IN 39142 412 35 Pisa Pisa NNP 39142 412 36 . . . 39142 413 1 The the DT 39142 413 2 world world NN 39142 413 3 - - HYPH 39142 413 4 famous famous JJ 39142 413 5 leaning lean VBG 39142 413 6 tower tower NN 39142 413 7 of of IN 39142 413 8 this this DT 39142 413 9 place place NN 39142 413 10 , , , 39142 413 11 where where WRB 39142 413 12 he -PRON- PRP 39142 413 13 was be VBD 39142 413 14 born bear VBN 39142 413 15 , , , 39142 413 16 served serve VBD 39142 413 17 as as IN 39142 413 18 a a DT 39142 413 19 physical physical JJ 39142 413 20 laboratory laboratory NN 39142 413 21 from from IN 39142 413 22 the the DT 39142 413 23 top top NN 39142 413 24 of of IN 39142 413 25 which which WDT 39142 413 26 he -PRON- PRP 39142 413 27 dropped drop VBD 39142 413 28 various various JJ 39142 413 29 objects object NNS 39142 413 30 , , , 39142 413 31 and and CC 39142 413 32 thus thus RB 39142 413 33 was be VBD 39142 413 34 led lead VBN 39142 413 35 to to TO 39142 413 36 formulate formulate VB 39142 413 37 the the DT 39142 413 38 laws law NNS 39142 413 39 of of IN 39142 413 40 falling fall VBG 39142 413 41 bodies body NNS 39142 413 42 . . . 39142 414 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 414 2 proved prove VBD 39142 414 3 that that IN 39142 414 4 Aristotle Aristotle NNP 39142 414 5 was be VBD 39142 414 6 all all DT 39142 414 7 wrong wrong JJ 39142 414 8 in in IN 39142 414 9 saying say VBG 39142 414 10 that that IN 39142 414 11 a a DT 39142 414 12 heavy heavy JJ 39142 414 13 body body NN 39142 414 14 must must MD 39142 414 15 fall fall VB 39142 414 16 swifter swifter VB 39142 414 17 in in IN 39142 414 18 proportion proportion NN 39142 414 19 to to IN 39142 414 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 414 21 weight weight NN 39142 414 22 than than IN 39142 414 23 a a DT 39142 414 24 lighter light JJR 39142 414 25 one one NN 39142 414 26 . . . 39142 415 1 These these DT 39142 415 2 and and CC 39142 415 3 other other JJ 39142 415 4 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 415 5 rendered render VBD 39142 415 6 him -PRON- PRP 39142 415 7 unpopular unpopular JJ 39142 415 8 with with IN 39142 415 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 415 10 associates associate NNS 39142 415 11 , , , 39142 415 12 who who WP 39142 415 13 christened christen VBD 39142 415 14 him -PRON- PRP 39142 415 15 the the DT 39142 415 16 " " `` 39142 415 17 Wrangler Wrangler NNP 39142 415 18 . . . 39142 415 19 " " '' 39142 416 1 The the DT 39142 416 2 new new JJ 39142 416 3 system system NN 39142 416 4 of of IN 39142 416 5 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 39142 416 6 appealed appeal VBD 39142 416 7 to to IN 39142 416 8 him -PRON- PRP 39142 416 9 ; ; : 39142 416 10 and and CC 39142 416 11 when when WRB 39142 416 12 he -PRON- PRP 39142 416 13 , , , 39142 416 14 first first RB 39142 416 15 of of IN 39142 416 16 all all DT 39142 416 17 men man NNS 39142 416 18 , , , 39142 416 19 turned turn VBD 39142 416 20 a a DT 39142 416 21 telescope telescope NN 39142 416 22 on on IN 39142 416 23 the the DT 39142 416 24 heavenly heavenly JJ 39142 416 25 bodies body NNS 39142 416 26 , , , 39142 416 27 there there EX 39142 416 28 was be VBD 39142 416 29 Venus Venus NNP 39142 416 30 with with IN 39142 416 31 phases phase NNS 39142 416 32 like like IN 39142 416 33 those those DT 39142 416 34 of of IN 39142 416 35 the the DT 39142 416 36 moon moon NN 39142 416 37 , , , 39142 416 38 and and CC 39142 416 39 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 416 40 with with IN 39142 416 41 satellites satellite NNS 39142 416 42 traveling travel VBG 39142 416 43 about about IN 39142 416 44 it -PRON- PRP 39142 416 45 -- -- : 39142 416 46 a a DT 39142 416 47 Copernican copernican JJ 39142 416 48 system system NN 39142 416 49 in in IN 39142 416 50 miniature miniature NN 39142 416 51 . . . 39142 417 1 Nothing nothing NN 39142 417 2 could could MD 39142 417 3 have have VB 39142 417 4 happened happen VBN 39142 417 5 that that WDT 39142 417 6 would would MD 39142 417 7 have have VB 39142 417 8 provided provide VBN 39142 417 9 a a DT 39142 417 10 better well JJR 39142 417 11 demonstration demonstration NN 39142 417 12 of of IN 39142 417 13 the the DT 39142 417 14 truth truth NN 39142 417 15 of of IN 39142 417 16 the the DT 39142 417 17 new new JJ 39142 417 18 system system NN 39142 417 19 and and CC 39142 417 20 the the DT 39142 417 21 falsity falsity NN 39142 417 22 of of IN 39142 417 23 the the DT 39142 417 24 old old JJ 39142 417 25 . . . 39142 418 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 418 2 marvelous marvelous JJ 39142 418 3 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 418 4 caused cause VBD 39142 418 5 the the DT 39142 418 6 greatest great JJS 39142 418 7 excitement excitement NN 39142 418 8 -- -- : 39142 418 9 consternation consternation NN 39142 418 10 even even RB 39142 418 11 , , , 39142 418 12 among among IN 39142 418 13 the the DT 39142 418 14 anti anti NNS 39142 418 15 - - NNS 39142 418 16 Copernicans copernican NNS 39142 418 17 . . . 39142 419 1 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 419 2 published publish VBD 39142 419 3 the the DT 39142 419 4 " " `` 39142 419 5 Sidereus Sidereus NNP 39142 419 6 Nuncius Nuncius NNP 39142 419 7 , , , 39142 419 8 " " '' 39142 419 9 with with IN 39142 419 10 many many JJ 39142 419 11 observations observation NNS 39142 419 12 and and CC 39142 419 13 drawings drawing NNS 39142 419 14 of of IN 39142 419 15 the the DT 39142 419 16 moon moon NN 39142 419 17 , , , 39142 419 18 which which WDT 39142 419 19 he -PRON- PRP 39142 419 20 showed show VBD 39142 419 21 to to TO 39142 419 22 be be VB 39142 419 23 a a DT 39142 419 24 body body NN 39142 419 25 not not RB 39142 419 26 wholly wholly RB 39142 419 27 dissimilar dissimilar JJ 39142 419 28 to to IN 39142 419 29 the the DT 39142 419 30 earth earth NN 39142 419 31 : : : 39142 419 32 this this DT 39142 419 33 , , , 39142 419 34 too too RB 39142 419 35 , , , 39142 419 36 was be VBD 39142 419 37 obviously obviously RB 39142 419 38 of of IN 39142 419 39 great great JJ 39142 419 40 moment moment NN 39142 419 41 in in IN 39142 419 42 corroboration corroboration NN 39142 419 43 of of IN 39142 419 44 the the DT 39142 419 45 Copernican copernican JJ 39142 419 46 order order NN 39142 419 47 and and CC 39142 419 48 in in IN 39142 419 49 contradiction contradiction NN 39142 419 50 to to IN 39142 419 51 the the DT 39142 419 52 Ptolemaic Ptolemaic NNP 39142 419 53 , , , 39142 419 54 which which WDT 39142 419 55 maintained maintain VBD 39142 419 56 sharp sharp JJ 39142 419 57 lines line NNS 39142 419 58 of of IN 39142 419 59 demarcation demarcation NN 39142 419 60 between between IN 39142 419 61 things thing NNS 39142 419 62 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 39142 419 63 and and CC 39142 419 64 things thing NNS 39142 419 65 celestial celestial JJ 39142 419 66 . . . 39142 420 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 420 2 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 420 3 , , , 39142 420 4 small small JJ 39142 420 5 as as IN 39142 420 6 they -PRON- PRP 39142 420 7 were be VBD 39142 420 8 , , , 39142 420 9 revealed reveal VBD 39142 420 10 to to IN 39142 420 11 him -PRON- PRP 39142 420 12 anomalous anomalous JJ 39142 420 13 appearances appearance NNS 39142 420 14 on on IN 39142 420 15 both both DT 39142 420 16 sides side NNS 39142 420 17 of of IN 39142 420 18 the the DT 39142 420 19 planet planet NN 39142 420 20 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 420 21 which which WDT 39142 420 22 he -PRON- PRP 39142 420 23 called call VBD 39142 420 24 _ _ NNP 39142 420 25 ansæ ansæ NNS 39142 420 26 _ _ NNP 39142 420 27 , , , 39142 420 28 or or CC 39142 420 29 handles handle NNS 39142 420 30 . . . 39142 421 1 But but CC 39142 421 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 421 3 subsequent subsequent JJ 39142 421 4 disappearance disappearance NN 39142 421 5 was be VBD 39142 421 6 unaccountable unaccountable JJ 39142 421 7 to to IN 39142 421 8 him -PRON- PRP 39142 421 9 , , , 39142 421 10 and and CC 39142 421 11 later later JJ 39142 421 12 observers observer NNS 39142 421 13 , , , 39142 421 14 who who WP 39142 421 15 kept keep VBD 39142 421 16 on on RP 39142 421 17 guessing guess VBG 39142 421 18 ineffectively ineffectively RB 39142 421 19 till till IN 39142 421 20 Huygens Huygens NNP 39142 421 21 , , , 39142 421 22 nearly nearly RB 39142 421 23 a a DT 39142 421 24 half half JJ 39142 421 25 century century NN 39142 421 26 after after RB 39142 421 27 , , , 39142 421 28 showed show VBD 39142 421 29 that that IN 39142 421 30 the the DT 39142 421 31 true true JJ 39142 421 32 nature nature NN 39142 421 33 of of IN 39142 421 34 the the DT 39142 421 35 appendage appendage NN 39142 421 36 was be VBD 39142 421 37 a a DT 39142 421 38 ring ring NN 39142 421 39 . . . 39142 422 1 Spots spot NNS 39142 422 2 on on IN 39142 422 3 the the DT 39142 422 4 sun sun NN 39142 422 5 were be VBD 39142 422 6 frequently frequently RB 39142 422 7 observed observe VBN 39142 422 8 by by IN 39142 422 9 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 422 10 and and CC 39142 422 11 led lead VBD 39142 422 12 to to IN 39142 422 13 bitter bitter JJ 39142 422 14 controversies controversy NNS 39142 422 15 . . . 39142 423 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 423 2 proved prove VBD 39142 423 3 , , , 39142 423 4 however however RB 39142 423 5 , , , 39142 423 6 that that IN 39142 423 7 they -PRON- PRP 39142 423 8 were be VBD 39142 423 9 objects object NNS 39142 423 10 on on IN 39142 423 11 the the DT 39142 423 12 sun sun NN 39142 423 13 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 423 14 , , , 39142 423 15 not not RB 39142 423 16 outside outside IN 39142 423 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 423 18 , , , 39142 423 19 and and CC 39142 423 20 by by IN 39142 423 21 noticing notice VBG 39142 423 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 423 23 repeated repeat VBN 39142 423 24 transits transit NNS 39142 423 25 across across IN 39142 423 26 the the DT 39142 423 27 sun sun NN 39142 423 28 's 's POS 39142 423 29 disk disk NN 39142 423 30 , , , 39142 423 31 he -PRON- PRP 39142 423 32 showed show VBD 39142 423 33 that that IN 39142 423 34 the the DT 39142 423 35 sun sun NN 39142 423 36 turned turn VBD 39142 423 37 round round RB 39142 423 38 on on IN 39142 423 39 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 423 40 axis axis NN 39142 423 41 in in IN 39142 423 42 a a DT 39142 423 43 little little JJ 39142 423 44 less less JJR 39142 423 45 than than IN 39142 423 46 a a DT 39142 423 47 month month NN 39142 423 48 -- -- : 39142 423 49 another another DT 39142 423 50 analogy analogy NN 39142 423 51 to to IN 39142 423 52 the the DT 39142 423 53 like like JJ 39142 423 54 motion motion NN 39142 423 55 of of IN 39142 423 56 the the DT 39142 423 57 earth earth NN 39142 423 58 on on IN 39142 423 59 the the DT 39142 423 60 Copernican copernican JJ 39142 423 61 plan plan NN 39142 423 62 . . . 39142 424 1 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 424 2 's 's POS 39142 424 3 appointment appointment NN 39142 424 4 in in IN 39142 424 5 1610 1610 CD 39142 424 6 as as IN 39142 424 7 " " `` 39142 424 8 First First NNP 39142 424 9 Philosopher Philosopher NNP 39142 424 10 and and CC 39142 424 11 Mathematician Mathematician NNP 39142 424 12 " " '' 39142 424 13 to to IN 39142 424 14 the the DT 39142 424 15 Grand Grand NNP 39142 424 16 Duke Duke NNP 39142 424 17 of of IN 39142 424 18 Tuscany Tuscany NNP 39142 424 19 gave give VBD 39142 424 20 him -PRON- PRP 39142 424 21 abundant abundant JJ 39142 424 22 time time NN 39142 424 23 for for IN 39142 424 24 the the DT 39142 424 25 pursuit pursuit NN 39142 424 26 of of IN 39142 424 27 original original JJ 39142 424 28 investigations investigation NNS 39142 424 29 and and CC 39142 424 30 the the DT 39142 424 31 preparation preparation NN 39142 424 32 of of IN 39142 424 33 books book NNS 39142 424 34 and and CC 39142 424 35 pamphlets pamphlet NNS 39142 424 36 . . . 39142 425 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 425 2 first first JJ 39142 425 3 visit visit NN 39142 425 4 to to IN 39142 425 5 Rome Rome NNP 39142 425 6 the the DT 39142 425 7 year year NN 39142 425 8 following follow VBG 39142 425 9 was be VBD 39142 425 10 the the DT 39142 425 11 occasion occasion NN 39142 425 12 of of IN 39142 425 13 a a DT 39142 425 14 reception reception NN 39142 425 15 with with IN 39142 425 16 great great JJ 39142 425 17 honor honor NN 39142 425 18 by by IN 39142 425 19 many many JJ 39142 425 20 cardinals cardinal NNS 39142 425 21 and and CC 39142 425 22 others other NNS 39142 425 23 of of IN 39142 425 24 high high JJ 39142 425 25 rank rank NN 39142 425 26 . . . 39142 426 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 426 2 lack lack NN 39142 426 3 of of IN 39142 426 4 sympathy sympathy NN 39142 426 5 with with IN 39142 426 6 others other NNS 39142 426 7 whose whose WP$ 39142 426 8 views view NNS 39142 426 9 differed differ VBN 39142 426 10 from from IN 39142 426 11 his -PRON- PRP 39142 426 12 , , , 39142 426 13 and and CC 39142 426 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 426 15 naturally naturally RB 39142 426 16 controversial controversial JJ 39142 426 17 spirit spirit NN 39142 426 18 , , , 39142 426 19 had have VBD 39142 426 20 begun begin VBN 39142 426 21 to to TO 39142 426 22 lead lead VB 39142 426 23 him -PRON- PRP 39142 426 24 headlong headlong RB 39142 426 25 into into IN 39142 426 26 controversies controversy NNS 39142 426 27 with with IN 39142 426 28 the the DT 39142 426 29 Jesuits Jesuits NNPS 39142 426 30 and and CC 39142 426 31 the the DT 39142 426 32 church church NN 39142 426 33 , , , 39142 426 34 which which WDT 39142 426 35 culminated culminate VBD 39142 426 36 in in IN 39142 426 37 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 426 38 censure censure NN 39142 426 39 by by IN 39142 426 40 the the DT 39142 426 41 authorities authority NNS 39142 426 42 of of IN 39142 426 43 the the DT 39142 426 44 church church NN 39142 426 45 and and CC 39142 426 46 persecution persecution NN 39142 426 47 by by IN 39142 426 48 the the DT 39142 426 49 Inquisition Inquisition NNP 39142 426 50 . . . 39142 427 1 In in IN 39142 427 2 1618 1618 CD 39142 427 3 three three CD 39142 427 4 comets comet NNS 39142 427 5 appeared appear VBD 39142 427 6 , , , 39142 427 7 and and CC 39142 427 8 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 427 9 was be VBD 39142 427 10 again again RB 39142 427 11 in in IN 39142 427 12 controversial controversial JJ 39142 427 13 hot hot JJ 39142 427 14 water water NN 39142 427 15 with with IN 39142 427 16 the the DT 39142 427 17 Jesuits Jesuits NNPS 39142 427 18 . . . 39142 428 1 But but CC 39142 428 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 428 3 led lead VBD 39142 428 4 to to IN 39142 428 5 the the DT 39142 428 6 publication publication NN 39142 428 7 five five CD 39142 428 8 years year NNS 39142 428 9 later later RB 39142 428 10 of of IN 39142 428 11 " " `` 39142 428 12 Il Il NNP 39142 428 13 Saggiatore Saggiatore NNP 39142 428 14 " " '' 39142 428 15 ( ( -LRB- 39142 428 16 The the DT 39142 428 17 Assayer Assayer NNP 39142 428 18 ) ) -RRB- 39142 428 19 , , , 39142 428 20 of of IN 39142 428 21 no no DT 39142 428 22 great great JJ 39142 428 23 scientific scientific JJ 39142 428 24 value value NN 39142 428 25 , , , 39142 428 26 but but CC 39142 428 27 only only RB 39142 428 28 a a DT 39142 428 29 brilliant brilliant JJ 39142 428 30 bit bit NN 39142 428 31 of of IN 39142 428 32 controversial controversial JJ 39142 428 33 literature literature NN 39142 428 34 dedicated dedicate VBN 39142 428 35 to to IN 39142 428 36 the the DT 39142 428 37 newly newly RB 39142 428 38 elevated elevate VBN 39142 428 39 Pope Pope NNP 39142 428 40 , , , 39142 428 41 Urban Urban NNP 39142 428 42 VIII VIII NNP 39142 428 43 . . . 39142 429 1 Later later RBR 39142 429 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 429 3 wrote write VBD 39142 429 4 through through IN 39142 429 5 several several JJ 39142 429 6 years year NNS 39142 429 7 a a DT 39142 429 8 great great JJ 39142 429 9 treatise treatise NN 39142 429 10 , , , 39142 429 11 more more RBR 39142 429 12 or or CC 39142 429 13 less less RBR 39142 429 14 controversial controversial JJ 39142 429 15 in in IN 39142 429 16 character character NN 39142 429 17 , , , 39142 429 18 entitled entitle VBD 39142 429 19 a a DT 39142 429 20 " " `` 39142 429 21 Dialogue Dialogue NNP 39142 429 22 on on IN 39142 429 23 the the DT 39142 429 24 Two Two NNP 39142 429 25 Chief Chief NNP 39142 429 26 Systems Systems NNPS 39142 429 27 of of IN 39142 429 28 the the DT 39142 429 29 World World NNP 39142 429 30 " " '' 39142 429 31 between between IN 39142 429 32 three three CD 39142 429 33 speakers speaker NNS 39142 429 34 , , , 39142 429 35 and and CC 39142 429 36 extending extend VBG 39142 429 37 through through IN 39142 429 38 four four CD 39142 429 39 successive successive JJ 39142 429 40 days day NNS 39142 429 41 . . . 39142 430 1 Simplicio Simplicio NNP 39142 430 2 argues argue VBZ 39142 430 3 for for IN 39142 430 4 the the DT 39142 430 5 Aristotelians Aristotelians NNPS 39142 430 6 , , , 39142 430 7 Salviati Salviati NNPS 39142 430 8 for for IN 39142 430 9 the the DT 39142 430 10 Copernicans Copernicans NNPS 39142 430 11 , , , 39142 430 12 while while IN 39142 430 13 Sagredo Sagredo NNP 39142 430 14 does do VBZ 39142 430 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 430 16 best good JJS 39142 430 17 to to TO 39142 430 18 be be VB 39142 430 19 neutral neutral JJ 39142 430 20 . . . 39142 431 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 431 2 will will MD 39142 431 3 always always RB 39142 431 4 be be VB 39142 431 5 a a DT 39142 431 6 very very RB 39142 431 7 readable readable JJ 39142 431 8 book book NN 39142 431 9 , , , 39142 431 10 and and CC 39142 431 11 we -PRON- PRP 39142 431 12 are be VBP 39142 431 13 fortunate fortunate JJ 39142 431 14 to to TO 39142 431 15 have have VB 39142 431 16 a a DT 39142 431 17 recent recent JJ 39142 431 18 translation translation NN 39142 431 19 by by IN 39142 431 20 Professor Professor NNP 39142 431 21 Crew Crew NNP 39142 431 22 of of IN 39142 431 23 Evanston Evanston NNP 39142 431 24 . . . 39142 432 1 Here here RB 39142 432 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 432 3 find find VBP 39142 432 4 the the DT 39142 432 5 first first JJ 39142 432 6 suggestion suggestion NN 39142 432 7 of of IN 39142 432 8 the the DT 39142 432 9 modern modern JJ 39142 432 10 method method NN 39142 432 11 of of IN 39142 432 12 getting get VBG 39142 432 13 stellar stellar JJ 39142 432 14 parallaxes parallax NNS 39142 432 15 , , , 39142 432 16 the the DT 39142 432 17 relative relative JJ 39142 432 18 parallax parallax NN 39142 432 19 , , , 39142 432 20 that that RB 39142 432 21 is is RB 39142 432 22 , , , 39142 432 23 of of IN 39142 432 24 two two CD 39142 432 25 stars star NNS 39142 432 26 in in IN 39142 432 27 the the DT 39142 432 28 same same JJ 39142 432 29 field field NN 39142 432 30 -- -- : 39142 432 31 a a DT 39142 432 32 method method NN 39142 432 33 not not RB 39142 432 34 put put VBN 39142 432 35 into into IN 39142 432 36 service service NN 39142 432 37 till till IN 39142 432 38 Bessel Bessel NNP 39142 432 39 's 's POS 39142 432 40 time time NN 39142 432 41 , , , 39142 432 42 two two CD 39142 432 43 centuries century NNS 39142 432 44 later later RB 39142 432 45 . . . 39142 433 1 But but CC 39142 433 2 the the DT 39142 433 3 most most RBS 39142 433 4 important important JJ 39142 433 5 chapters chapter NNS 39142 433 6 of of IN 39142 433 7 the the DT 39142 433 8 " " `` 39142 433 9 Dialogue Dialogue NNP 39142 433 10 " " '' 39142 433 11 deal deal NN 39142 433 12 with with IN 39142 433 13 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 433 14 's 's POS 39142 433 15 investigations investigation NNS 39142 433 16 of of IN 39142 433 17 the the DT 39142 433 18 laws law NNS 39142 433 19 of of IN 39142 433 20 motion motion NN 39142 433 21 of of IN 39142 433 22 bodies body NNS 39142 433 23 in in IN 39142 433 24 general general JJ 39142 433 25 , , , 39142 433 26 which which WDT 39142 433 27 he -PRON- PRP 39142 433 28 applied apply VBD 39142 433 29 to to IN 39142 433 30 the the DT 39142 433 31 problem problem NN 39142 433 32 of of IN 39142 433 33 the the DT 39142 433 34 earth earth NN 39142 433 35 's 's POS 39142 433 36 motion motion NN 39142 433 37 . . . 39142 434 1 In in IN 39142 434 2 this this DT 39142 434 3 he -PRON- PRP 39142 434 4 really really RB 39142 434 5 anticipated anticipate VBD 39142 434 6 Newton Newton NNP 39142 434 7 in in IN 39142 434 8 the the DT 39142 434 9 first first JJ 39142 434 10 of of IN 39142 434 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 434 12 three three CD 39142 434 13 laws law NNS 39142 434 14 of of IN 39142 434 15 motion motion NN 39142 434 16 , , , 39142 434 17 and and CC 39142 434 18 in in IN 39142 434 19 a a DT 39142 434 20 subsequent subsequent JJ 39142 434 21 work work NN 39142 434 22 , , , 39142 434 23 dealing deal VBG 39142 434 24 with with IN 39142 434 25 the the DT 39142 434 26 theory theory NN 39142 434 27 of of IN 39142 434 28 projectiles projectile NNS 39142 434 29 , , , 39142 434 30 he -PRON- PRP 39142 434 31 reaches reach VBZ 39142 434 32 substantially substantially RB 39142 434 33 the the DT 39142 434 34 results result NNS 39142 434 35 of of IN 39142 434 36 Newton Newton NNP 39142 434 37 's 's POS 39142 434 38 second second JJ 39142 434 39 law law NN 39142 434 40 of of IN 39142 434 41 motion motion NN 39142 434 42 , , , 39142 434 43 although although IN 39142 434 44 he -PRON- PRP 39142 434 45 gave give VBD 39142 434 46 no no DT 39142 434 47 general general JJ 39142 434 48 statement statement NN 39142 434 49 of of IN 39142 434 50 the the DT 39142 434 51 principle principle NN 39142 434 52 . . . 39142 435 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 435 2 , , , 39142 435 3 in in IN 39142 435 4 the the DT 39142 435 5 epoch epoch NN 39142 435 6 where where WRB 39142 435 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 435 8 life life NN 39142 435 9 was be VBD 39142 435 10 lived live VBN 39142 435 11 and and CC 39142 435 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 435 13 work work NN 39142 435 14 done do VBN 39142 435 15 , , , 39142 435 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 435 17 telescopic telescopic JJ 39142 435 18 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 435 19 , , , 39142 435 20 combined combine VBN 39142 435 21 with with IN 39142 435 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 435 23 dynamic dynamic JJ 39142 435 24 researches research NNS 39142 435 25 in in IN 39142 435 26 untrodden untrodden JJ 39142 435 27 fields field NNS 39142 435 28 , , , 39142 435 29 resulted result VBD 39142 435 30 in in IN 39142 435 31 the the DT 39142 435 32 complete complete JJ 39142 435 33 and and CC 39142 435 34 final final JJ 39142 435 35 overthrow overthrow NN 39142 435 36 of of IN 39142 435 37 the the DT 39142 435 38 ancient ancient JJ 39142 435 39 system system NN 39142 435 40 of of IN 39142 435 41 error error NN 39142 435 42 , , , 39142 435 43 and and CC 39142 435 44 the the DT 39142 435 45 secure secure JJ 39142 435 46 establishment establishment NN 39142 435 47 of of IN 39142 435 48 the the DT 39142 435 49 Copernican copernican JJ 39142 435 50 system system NN 39142 435 51 beyond beyond IN 39142 435 52 further further JJ 39142 435 53 question question NN 39142 435 54 and and CC 39142 435 55 discussion discussion NN 39142 435 56 . . . 39142 436 1 Only only RB 39142 436 2 then then RB 39142 436 3 could could MD 39142 436 4 the the DT 39142 436 5 science science NN 39142 436 6 of of IN 39142 436 7 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 436 8 proceed proceed NN 39142 436 9 unhampered unhampered JJ 39142 436 10 to to IN 39142 436 11 the the DT 39142 436 12 fullest full JJS 39142 436 13 development development NN 39142 436 14 by by IN 39142 436 15 the the DT 39142 436 16 master master NN 39142 436 17 minds mind NNS 39142 436 18 of of IN 39142 436 19 succeeding succeed VBG 39142 436 20 centuries century NNS 39142 436 21 . . . 39142 437 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 437 2 XII XII NNP 39142 437 3 AFTER after IN 39142 437 4 THE the DT 39142 437 5 GREAT great JJ 39142 437 6 MASTERS master NNS 39142 437 7 Following follow VBG 39142 437 8 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 437 9 and and CC 39142 437 10 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 437 11 was be VBD 39142 437 12 a a DT 39142 437 13 half half JJ 39142 437 14 century century NN 39142 437 15 of of IN 39142 437 16 great great JJ 39142 437 17 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 437 18 progress progress NN 39142 437 19 along along IN 39142 437 20 many many JJ 39142 437 21 lines line NNS 39142 437 22 laid lay VBN 39142 437 23 out out RP 39142 437 24 by by IN 39142 437 25 the the DT 39142 437 26 work work NN 39142 437 27 of of IN 39142 437 28 the the DT 39142 437 29 great great JJ 39142 437 30 masters master NNS 39142 437 31 . . . 39142 438 1 The the DT 39142 438 2 telescope telescope NN 39142 438 3 seemed seem VBD 39142 438 4 only only RB 39142 438 5 a a DT 39142 438 6 toy toy NN 39142 438 7 , , , 39142 438 8 but but CC 39142 438 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 438 10 improvement improvement NN 39142 438 11 in in IN 39142 438 12 size size NN 39142 438 13 and and CC 39142 438 14 quality quality NN 39142 438 15 showed show VBD 39142 438 16 almost almost RB 39142 438 17 inconceivable inconceivable JJ 39142 438 18 possibilities possibility NNS 39142 438 19 of of IN 39142 438 20 celestial celestial JJ 39142 438 21 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 438 22 . . . 39142 439 1 Hevelius hevelius NN 39142 439 2 of of IN 39142 439 3 Danzig Danzig NNP 39142 439 4 took take VBD 39142 439 5 up up RP 39142 439 6 the the DT 39142 439 7 study study NN 39142 439 8 of of IN 39142 439 9 the the DT 39142 439 10 moon moon NN 39142 439 11 , , , 39142 439 12 and and CC 39142 439 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 439 14 " " `` 39142 439 15 Selenographia Selenographia NNP 39142 439 16 " " '' 39142 439 17 was be VBD 39142 439 18 finely finely RB 39142 439 19 illustrated illustrate VBN 39142 439 20 by by IN 39142 439 21 plates plate NNS 39142 439 22 which which WDT 39142 439 23 he -PRON- PRP 39142 439 24 not not RB 39142 439 25 only only RB 39142 439 26 drew draw VBD 39142 439 27 but but CC 39142 439 28 engraved engrave VBD 39142 439 29 himself -PRON- PRP 39142 439 30 . . . 39142 440 1 Lunar lunar JJ 39142 440 2 names name NNS 39142 440 3 of of IN 39142 440 4 mountains mountain NNS 39142 440 5 , , , 39142 440 6 plains plain NNS 39142 440 7 , , , 39142 440 8 and and CC 39142 440 9 craters crater NNS 39142 440 10 we -PRON- PRP 39142 440 11 owe owe VBP 39142 440 12 very very RB 39142 440 13 largely largely RB 39142 440 14 to to IN 39142 440 15 him -PRON- PRP 39142 440 16 . . . 39142 441 1 Also also RB 39142 441 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 441 3 published publish VBD 39142 441 4 among among IN 39142 441 5 other other JJ 39142 441 6 works work NNS 39142 441 7 two two CD 39142 441 8 on on IN 39142 441 9 comets comet NNS 39142 441 10 , , , 39142 441 11 the the DT 39142 441 12 second second JJ 39142 441 13 of of IN 39142 441 14 which which WDT 39142 441 15 was be VBD 39142 441 16 published publish VBN 39142 441 17 in in IN 39142 441 18 1668 1668 CD 39142 441 19 and and CC 39142 441 20 called call VBD 39142 441 21 the the DT 39142 441 22 " " `` 39142 441 23 Cometographia Cometographia NNP 39142 441 24 , , , 39142 441 25 " " '' 39142 441 26 the the DT 39142 441 27 first first JJ 39142 441 28 detailed detailed JJ 39142 441 29 account account NN 39142 441 30 of of IN 39142 441 31 all all PDT 39142 441 32 the the DT 39142 441 33 comets comet NNS 39142 441 34 observed observe VBD 39142 441 35 and and CC 39142 441 36 recorded record VBN 39142 441 37 to to IN 39142 441 38 date date NN 39142 441 39 . . . 39142 442 1 Many many JJ 39142 442 2 were be VBD 39142 442 3 the the DT 39142 442 4 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 442 5 turned turn VBD 39142 442 6 on on RP 39142 442 7 the the DT 39142 442 8 planet planet NN 39142 442 9 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 442 10 , , , 39142 442 11 and and CC 39142 442 12 every every DT 39142 442 13 variety variety NN 39142 442 14 of of IN 39142 442 15 guess guess NN 39142 442 16 was be VBD 39142 442 17 made make VBN 39142 442 18 as as IN 39142 442 19 to to IN 39142 442 20 the the DT 39142 442 21 actual actual JJ 39142 442 22 shape shape NN 39142 442 23 and and CC 39142 442 24 physical physical JJ 39142 442 25 nature nature NN 39142 442 26 of of IN 39142 442 27 the the DT 39142 442 28 weird weird JJ 39142 442 29 appendages appendage NNS 39142 442 30 discovered discover VBN 39142 442 31 by by IN 39142 442 32 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 442 33 . . . 39142 443 1 The the DT 39142 443 2 true true JJ 39142 443 3 solution solution NN 39142 443 4 was be VBD 39142 443 5 finally finally RB 39142 443 6 reached reach VBN 39142 443 7 by by IN 39142 443 8 Huygens Huygens NNP 39142 443 9 , , , 39142 443 10 whose whose WP$ 39142 443 11 mechanical mechanical JJ 39142 443 12 genius genius NN 39142 443 13 had have VBD 39142 443 14 enabled enable VBN 39142 443 15 him -PRON- PRP 39142 443 16 to to TO 39142 443 17 grind grind VB 39142 443 18 and and CC 39142 443 19 polish polish VB 39142 443 20 larger large JJR 39142 443 21 and and CC 39142 443 22 better well JJR 39142 443 23 lenses lense NNS 39142 443 24 than than IN 39142 443 25 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 443 26 contemporaries contemporary NNS 39142 443 27 ; ; : 39142 443 28 in in IN 39142 443 29 1659 1659 CD 39142 443 30 he -PRON- PRP 39142 443 31 published publish VBD 39142 443 32 the the DT 39142 443 33 " " `` 39142 443 34 Systema Systema NNP 39142 443 35 Saturnium Saturnium NNP 39142 443 36 " " '' 39142 443 37 interpreting interpret VBG 39142 443 38 the the DT 39142 443 39 ring ring NN 39142 443 40 and and CC 39142 443 41 the the DT 39142 443 42 cause cause NN 39142 443 43 of of IN 39142 443 44 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 443 45 various various JJ 39142 443 46 configurations configuration NNS 39142 443 47 , , , 39142 443 48 and and CC 39142 443 49 the the DT 39142 443 50 first first JJ 39142 443 51 discovery discovery NN 39142 443 52 of of IN 39142 443 53 a a DT 39142 443 54 Saturnian saturnian JJ 39142 443 55 satellite satellite NN 39142 443 56 is be VBZ 39142 443 57 due due JJ 39142 443 58 to to IN 39142 443 59 him -PRON- PRP 39142 443 60 . . . 39142 444 1 Gascoigne Gascoigne NNP 39142 444 2 in in IN 39142 444 3 England England NNP 39142 444 4 about about IN 39142 444 5 1640 1640 CD 39142 444 6 was be VBD 39142 444 7 the the DT 39142 444 8 first first JJ 39142 444 9 to to TO 39142 444 10 make make VB 39142 444 11 the the DT 39142 444 12 important important JJ 39142 444 13 application application NN 39142 444 14 of of IN 39142 444 15 the the DT 39142 444 16 micrometer micrometer NN 39142 444 17 to to TO 39142 444 18 enhance enhance VB 39142 444 19 the the DT 39142 444 20 accuracy accuracy NN 39142 444 21 of of IN 39142 444 22 measurement measurement NN 39142 444 23 of of IN 39142 444 24 small small JJ 39142 444 25 angles angle NNS 39142 444 26 in in IN 39142 444 27 the the DT 39142 444 28 telescopic telescopic JJ 39142 444 29 field field NN 39142 444 30 ; ; : 39142 444 31 an an DT 39142 444 32 invention invention NN 39142 444 33 made make VBD 39142 444 34 and and CC 39142 444 35 applied apply VBD 39142 444 36 independently independently RB 39142 444 37 many many JJ 39142 444 38 years year NNS 39142 444 39 later later RB 39142 444 40 by by IN 39142 444 41 Huygens Huygens NNPS 39142 444 42 in in IN 39142 444 43 Holland Holland NNP 39142 444 44 and and CC 39142 444 45 Auzout Auzout NNP 39142 444 46 and and CC 39142 444 47 Picard Picard NNP 39142 444 48 in in IN 39142 444 49 France France NNP 39142 444 50 , , , 39142 444 51 where where WRB 39142 444 52 the the DT 39142 444 53 instrument instrument NN 39142 444 54 was be VBD 39142 444 55 first first RB 39142 444 56 regularly regularly RB 39142 444 57 employed employ VBN 39142 444 58 as as IN 39142 444 59 an an DT 39142 444 60 accessory accessory NN 39142 444 61 in in IN 39142 444 62 the the DT 39142 444 63 work work NN 39142 444 64 of of IN 39142 444 65 an an DT 39142 444 66 observatory observatory NN 39142 444 67 . . . 39142 445 1 Another another DT 39142 445 2 Englishman Englishman NNP 39142 445 3 , , , 39142 445 4 Jeremiah Jeremiah NNP 39142 445 5 Horrocks Horrocks NNP 39142 445 6 , , , 39142 445 7 was be VBD 39142 445 8 the the DT 39142 445 9 first first JJ 39142 445 10 observer observer NN 39142 445 11 of of IN 39142 445 12 a a DT 39142 445 13 transit transit NN 39142 445 14 of of IN 39142 445 15 Venus Venus NNP 39142 445 16 over over IN 39142 445 17 the the DT 39142 445 18 disk disk NN 39142 445 19 of of IN 39142 445 20 the the DT 39142 445 21 sun sun NN 39142 445 22 , , , 39142 445 23 in in IN 39142 445 24 1639 1639 CD 39142 445 25 . . . 39142 446 1 Horrocks Horrocks NNP 39142 446 2 was be VBD 39142 446 3 possessed possess VBN 39142 446 4 of of IN 39142 446 5 great great JJ 39142 446 6 ability ability NN 39142 446 7 in in IN 39142 446 8 calculational calculational JJ 39142 446 9 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 446 10 also also RB 39142 446 11 . . . 39142 447 1 This this DT 39142 447 2 was be VBD 39142 447 3 about about IN 39142 447 4 the the DT 39142 447 5 time time NN 39142 447 6 of of IN 39142 447 7 the the DT 39142 447 8 invention invention NN 39142 447 9 of of IN 39142 447 10 the the DT 39142 447 11 pendulum pendulum NN 39142 447 12 clock clock NN 39142 447 13 by by IN 39142 447 14 Huygens Huygens NNP 39142 447 15 , , , 39142 447 16 which which WDT 39142 447 17 in in IN 39142 447 18 conjunction conjunction NN 39142 447 19 with with IN 39142 447 20 the the DT 39142 447 21 later later JJ 39142 447 22 invention invention NN 39142 447 23 of of IN 39142 447 24 the the DT 39142 447 25 transit transit NN 39142 447 26 instrument instrument NN 39142 447 27 by by IN 39142 447 28 Roemer Roemer NNP 39142 447 29 wrought work VBD 39142 447 30 a a DT 39142 447 31 revolution revolution NN 39142 447 32 in in IN 39142 447 33 the the DT 39142 447 34 exacting exact VBG 39142 447 35 art art NN 39142 447 36 of of IN 39142 447 37 practical practical JJ 39142 447 38 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 447 39 . . . 39142 448 1 This this DT 39142 448 2 was be VBD 39142 448 3 because because IN 39142 448 4 it -PRON- PRP 39142 448 5 enabled enable VBD 39142 448 6 the the DT 39142 448 7 time time NN 39142 448 8 to to TO 39142 448 9 be be VB 39142 448 10 carried carry VBN 39142 448 11 along along RB 39142 448 12 continuously continuously RB 39142 448 13 , , , 39142 448 14 and and CC 39142 448 15 the the DT 39142 448 16 revolution revolution NN 39142 448 17 of of IN 39142 448 18 the the DT 39142 448 19 earth earth NN 39142 448 20 could could MD 39142 448 21 be be VB 39142 448 22 utilized utilize VBN 39142 448 23 in in IN 39142 448 24 making make VBG 39142 448 25 precise precise JJ 39142 448 26 measures measure NNS 39142 448 27 of of IN 39142 448 28 the the DT 39142 448 29 position position NN 39142 448 30 of of IN 39142 448 31 sun sun NN 39142 448 32 , , , 39142 448 33 moon moon NN 39142 448 34 , , , 39142 448 35 and and CC 39142 448 36 stars star NNS 39142 448 37 . . . 39142 449 1 Louis Louis NNP 39142 449 2 XIV XIV NNP 39142 449 3 had have VBD 39142 449 4 just just RB 39142 449 5 founded found VBN 39142 449 6 the the DT 39142 449 7 new new JJ 39142 449 8 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 449 9 at at IN 39142 449 10 Paris Paris NNP 39142 449 11 in in IN 39142 449 12 1668 1668 CD 39142 449 13 , , , 39142 449 14 and and CC 39142 449 15 Picard Picard NNP 39142 449 16 was be VBD 39142 449 17 the the DT 39142 449 18 first first JJ 39142 449 19 to to TO 39142 449 20 establish establish VB 39142 449 21 regular regular JJ 39142 449 22 time time NN 39142 449 23 - - HYPH 39142 449 24 observations observation NNS 39142 449 25 there there RB 39142 449 26 . . . 39142 450 1 Huygens huygen NNS 39142 450 2 followed follow VBD 39142 450 3 up up RP 39142 450 4 the the DT 39142 450 5 motion motion NN 39142 450 6 of of IN 39142 450 7 the the DT 39142 450 8 pendulum pendulum NN 39142 450 9 in in IN 39142 450 10 theory theory NN 39142 450 11 as as RB 39142 450 12 well well RB 39142 450 13 as as IN 39142 450 14 practice practice NN 39142 450 15 in in IN 39142 450 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 450 17 " " `` 39142 450 18 Horologium Horologium NNP 39142 450 19 Oscillatorium Oscillatorium NNP 39142 450 20 " " '' 39142 450 21 ( ( -LRB- 39142 450 22 1673 1673 CD 39142 450 23 ) ) -RRB- 39142 450 24 , , , 39142 450 25 showing show VBG 39142 450 26 the the DT 39142 450 27 way way NN 39142 450 28 to to TO 39142 450 29 measure measure VB 39142 450 30 the the DT 39142 450 31 force force NN 39142 450 32 of of IN 39142 450 33 gravity gravity NN 39142 450 34 , , , 39142 450 35 and and CC 39142 450 36 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 450 37 study study NN 39142 450 38 of of IN 39142 450 39 circular circular JJ 39142 450 40 motion motion NN 39142 450 41 showed show VBD 39142 450 42 the the DT 39142 450 43 fundamental fundamental JJ 39142 450 44 necessity necessity NN 39142 450 45 of of IN 39142 450 46 some some DT 39142 450 47 force force NN 39142 450 48 directed direct VBN 39142 450 49 toward toward IN 39142 450 50 the the DT 39142 450 51 center center NN 39142 450 52 in in IN 39142 450 53 planetary planetary JJ 39142 450 54 motions motion NNS 39142 450 55 . . . 39142 451 1 The the DT 39142 451 2 doctrine doctrine NN 39142 451 3 of of IN 39142 451 4 the the DT 39142 451 5 sphericity sphericity NN 39142 451 6 of of IN 39142 451 7 the the DT 39142 451 8 earth earth NN 39142 451 9 being be VBG 39142 451 10 no no RB 39142 451 11 longer long RBR 39142 451 12 in in IN 39142 451 13 doubt doubt NN 39142 451 14 , , , 39142 451 15 the the DT 39142 451 16 great great JJ 39142 451 17 advance advance NN 39142 451 18 in in IN 39142 451 19 accuracy accuracy NN 39142 451 20 of of IN 39142 451 21 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 451 22 observation observation NN 39142 451 23 indicated indicate VBD 39142 451 24 to to IN 39142 451 25 Willebrord Willebrord NNP 39142 451 26 Snell Snell NNP 39142 451 27 in in IN 39142 451 28 Holland Holland NNP 39142 451 29 the the DT 39142 451 30 best good JJS 39142 451 31 way way NN 39142 451 32 to to TO 39142 451 33 measure measure VB 39142 451 34 an an DT 39142 451 35 arc arc NN 39142 451 36 of of IN 39142 451 37 meridian meridian NNP 39142 451 38 by by IN 39142 451 39 triangulation triangulation NN 39142 451 40 . . . 39142 452 1 Picard Picard NNP 39142 452 2 repeated repeat VBD 39142 452 3 the the DT 39142 452 4 measurements measurement NNS 39142 452 5 near near IN 39142 452 6 Paris Paris NNP 39142 452 7 with with IN 39142 452 8 even even RB 39142 452 9 greater great JJR 39142 452 10 accuracy accuracy NN 39142 452 11 , , , 39142 452 12 and and CC 39142 452 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 452 14 results result NNS 39142 452 15 were be VBD 39142 452 16 of of IN 39142 452 17 the the DT 39142 452 18 utmost utmost JJ 39142 452 19 significance significance NN 39142 452 20 to to IN 39142 452 21 Newton Newton NNP 39142 452 22 in in IN 39142 452 23 establishing establish VBG 39142 452 24 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 452 25 law law NN 39142 452 26 of of IN 39142 452 27 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 452 28 . . . 39142 453 1 Domenico Domenico NNP 39142 453 2 Cassini Cassini NNP 39142 453 3 , , , 39142 453 4 an an DT 39142 453 5 industrious industrious JJ 39142 453 6 observer observer NN 39142 453 7 , , , 39142 453 8 voluminous voluminous JJ 39142 453 9 writer writer NN 39142 453 10 , , , 39142 453 11 and and CC 39142 453 12 a a DT 39142 453 13 strong strong JJ 39142 453 14 personality personality NN 39142 453 15 , , , 39142 453 16 devised devise VBD 39142 453 17 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 453 18 of of IN 39142 453 19 great great JJ 39142 453 20 size size NN 39142 453 21 , , , 39142 453 22 discovered discover VBD 39142 453 23 four four CD 39142 453 24 Saturnian saturnian JJ 39142 453 25 satellites satellite NNS 39142 453 26 and and CC 39142 453 27 the the DT 39142 453 28 main main JJ 39142 453 29 division division NN 39142 453 30 in in IN 39142 453 31 the the DT 39142 453 32 ring ring NN 39142 453 33 of of IN 39142 453 34 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 453 35 , , , 39142 453 36 determined determine VBD 39142 453 37 the the DT 39142 453 38 rotation rotation NN 39142 453 39 periods period NNS 39142 453 40 of of IN 39142 453 41 Mars Mars NNP 39142 453 42 and and CC 39142 453 43 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 453 44 , , , 39142 453 45 and and CC 39142 453 46 prepared prepare VBN 39142 453 47 tables table NNS 39142 453 48 of of IN 39142 453 49 the the DT 39142 453 50 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 453 51 of of IN 39142 453 52 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 453 53 's 's POS 39142 453 54 satellites satellite NNS 39142 453 55 . . . 39142 454 1 At at IN 39142 454 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 454 3 suggestion suggestion NN 39142 454 4 Richer Richer NNP 39142 454 5 undertook undertake VBD 39142 454 6 an an DT 39142 454 7 expedition expedition NN 39142 454 8 to to IN 39142 454 9 Cayenne Cayenne NNP 39142 454 10 in in IN 39142 454 11 latitude latitude NN 39142 454 12 5 5 CD 39142 454 13 degrees degree NNS 39142 454 14 north north RB 39142 454 15 , , , 39142 454 16 where where WRB 39142 454 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 454 18 was be VBD 39142 454 19 found find VBN 39142 454 20 that that IN 39142 454 21 the the DT 39142 454 22 intensity intensity NN 39142 454 23 of of IN 39142 454 24 gravity gravity NN 39142 454 25 was be VBD 39142 454 26 less less JJR 39142 454 27 than than IN 39142 454 28 at at IN 39142 454 29 Paris Paris NNP 39142 454 30 , , , 39142 454 31 and and CC 39142 454 32 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 454 33 clock clock NN 39142 454 34 therefore therefore RB 39142 454 35 lost lose VBD 39142 454 36 time time NN 39142 454 37 , , , 39142 454 38 thus thus RB 39142 454 39 indicating indicate VBG 39142 454 40 that that IN 39142 454 41 the the DT 39142 454 42 earth earth NN 39142 454 43 was be VBD 39142 454 44 not not RB 39142 454 45 a a DT 39142 454 46 perfect perfect JJ 39142 454 47 sphere sphere NN 39142 454 48 as as IN 39142 454 49 had have VBD 39142 454 50 been be VBN 39142 454 51 thought think VBN 39142 454 52 , , , 39142 454 53 but but CC 39142 454 54 a a DT 39142 454 55 spheroid spheroid NN 39142 454 56 instead instead RB 39142 454 57 . . . 39142 455 1 The the DT 39142 455 2 planet planet NN 39142 455 3 Mars Mars NNP 39142 455 4 passed pass VBD 39142 455 5 a a DT 39142 455 6 near near JJ 39142 455 7 opposition opposition NN 39142 455 8 , , , 39142 455 9 and and CC 39142 455 10 Richer Richer NNP 39142 455 11 's 's POS 39142 455 12 observations observation NNS 39142 455 13 of of IN 39142 455 14 it -PRON- PRP 39142 455 15 from from IN 39142 455 16 Cayenne Cayenne NNP 39142 455 17 , , , 39142 455 18 when when WRB 39142 455 19 combined combine VBN 39142 455 20 with with IN 39142 455 21 those those DT 39142 455 22 of of IN 39142 455 23 Cassini Cassini NNP 39142 455 24 and and CC 39142 455 25 others other NNS 39142 455 26 in in IN 39142 455 27 France France NNP 39142 455 28 , , , 39142 455 29 gave give VBD 39142 455 30 a a DT 39142 455 31 new new JJ 39142 455 32 value value NN 39142 455 33 of of IN 39142 455 34 the the DT 39142 455 35 sun sun NN 39142 455 36 's 's POS 39142 455 37 parallax parallax NN 39142 455 38 and and CC 39142 455 39 distance distance NN 39142 455 40 , , , 39142 455 41 really really RB 39142 455 42 the the DT 39142 455 43 first first JJ 39142 455 44 actual actual JJ 39142 455 45 measurement measurement NN 39142 455 46 worth worth JJ 39142 455 47 the the DT 39142 455 48 name name NN 39142 455 49 in in IN 39142 455 50 the the DT 39142 455 51 history history NN 39142 455 52 of of IN 39142 455 53 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 455 54 . . . 39142 456 1 To to TO 39142 456 2 close close VB 39142 456 3 this this DT 39142 456 4 era era NN 39142 456 5 of of IN 39142 456 6 signal signal JJ 39142 456 7 advance advance NN 39142 456 8 in in IN 39142 456 9 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 456 10 we -PRON- PRP 39142 456 11 may may MD 39142 456 12 cite cite VB 39142 456 13 a a DT 39142 456 14 discovery discovery NN 39142 456 15 by by IN 39142 456 16 Roemer Roemer NNP 39142 456 17 of of IN 39142 456 18 the the DT 39142 456 19 first first JJ 39142 456 20 order order NN 39142 456 21 : : : 39142 456 22 no no DT 39142 456 23 less less JJR 39142 456 24 than than IN 39142 456 25 that that DT 39142 456 26 of of IN 39142 456 27 the the DT 39142 456 28 velocity velocity NN 39142 456 29 of of IN 39142 456 30 transmission transmission NN 39142 456 31 of of IN 39142 456 32 light light NN 39142 456 33 through through IN 39142 456 34 space space NN 39142 456 35 . . . 39142 457 1 At at IN 39142 457 2 the the DT 39142 457 3 instigation instigation NN 39142 457 4 of of IN 39142 457 5 Picard Picard NNP 39142 457 6 , , , 39142 457 7 Roemer Roemer NNP 39142 457 8 in in IN 39142 457 9 studying study VBG 39142 457 10 the the DT 39142 457 11 motions motion NNS 39142 457 12 of of IN 39142 457 13 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 457 14 's 's POS 39142 457 15 satellites satellite NNS 39142 457 16 found find VBD 39142 457 17 that that IN 39142 457 18 the the DT 39142 457 19 intervals interval NNS 39142 457 20 between between IN 39142 457 21 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 457 22 grew grow VBD 39142 457 23 less less JJR 39142 457 24 and and CC 39142 457 25 less less JJR 39142 457 26 as as IN 39142 457 27 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 457 28 and and CC 39142 457 29 the the DT 39142 457 30 earth earth NN 39142 457 31 approached approach VBD 39142 457 32 each each DT 39142 457 33 other other JJ 39142 457 34 , , , 39142 457 35 and and CC 39142 457 36 greater great JJR 39142 457 37 and and CC 39142 457 38 greater great JJR 39142 457 39 than than IN 39142 457 40 the the DT 39142 457 41 average average NN 39142 457 42 as as IN 39142 457 43 the the DT 39142 457 44 two two CD 39142 457 45 planets planet NNS 39142 457 46 separated separate VBD 39142 457 47 farther far RBR 39142 457 48 and and CC 39142 457 49 farther farther RB 39142 457 50 . . . 39142 458 1 Roemer Roemer NNP 39142 458 2 correctly correctly RB 39142 458 3 attributed attribute VBD 39142 458 4 this this DT 39142 458 5 difference difference NN 39142 458 6 to to IN 39142 458 7 the the DT 39142 458 8 progressive progressive JJ 39142 458 9 motion motion NN 39142 458 10 of of IN 39142 458 11 light light NN 39142 458 12 and and CC 39142 458 13 a a DT 39142 458 14 rough rough JJ 39142 458 15 value value NN 39142 458 16 of of IN 39142 458 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 458 18 velocity velocity NN 39142 458 19 was be VBD 39142 458 20 calculated calculate VBN 39142 458 21 , , , 39142 458 22 though though IN 39142 458 23 not not RB 39142 458 24 accepted accept VBN 39142 458 25 by by IN 39142 458 26 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 458 27 generally generally RB 39142 458 28 for for IN 39142 458 29 more more JJR 39142 458 30 than than IN 39142 458 31 a a DT 39142 458 32 century century NN 39142 458 33 . . . 39142 459 1 Why why WRB 39142 459 2 the the DT 39142 459 3 laws law NNS 39142 459 4 of of IN 39142 459 5 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 459 6 should should MD 39142 459 7 be be VB 39142 459 8 true true JJ 39142 459 9 , , , 39142 459 10 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 459 11 himself -PRON- PRP 39142 459 12 was be VBD 39142 459 13 unable unable JJ 39142 459 14 to to TO 39142 459 15 say say VB 39142 459 16 . . . 39142 460 1 Nor nor CC 39142 460 2 could could MD 39142 460 3 anyone anyone NN 39142 460 4 else else RB 39142 460 5 in in IN 39142 460 6 that that DT 39142 460 7 day day NN 39142 460 8 answer answer VB 39142 460 9 these these DT 39142 460 10 questions question NNS 39142 460 11 : : : 39142 460 12 ( ( -LRB- 39142 460 13 1 1 LS 39142 460 14 ) ) -RRB- 39142 460 15 The the DT 39142 460 16 planets planet NNS 39142 460 17 move move VBP 39142 460 18 in in IN 39142 460 19 orbits orbit NNS 39142 460 20 that that WDT 39142 460 21 are be VBP 39142 460 22 elliptical elliptical JJ 39142 460 23 not not RB 39142 460 24 circular circular JJ 39142 460 25 -- -- : 39142 460 26 why why WRB 39142 460 27 should should MD 39142 460 28 they -PRON- PRP 39142 460 29 move move VB 39142 460 30 in in IN 39142 460 31 an an DT 39142 460 32 imperfect imperfect JJ 39142 460 33 curve curve NN 39142 460 34 , , , 39142 460 35 rather rather RB 39142 460 36 than than IN 39142 460 37 the the DT 39142 460 38 perfect perfect JJ 39142 460 39 one one CD 39142 460 40 in in IN 39142 460 41 which which WDT 39142 460 42 it -PRON- PRP 39142 460 43 had have VBD 39142 460 44 always always RB 39142 460 45 been be VBN 39142 460 46 taught teach VBN 39142 460 47 that that IN 39142 460 48 they -PRON- PRP 39142 460 49 moved move VBD 39142 460 50 ? ? . 39142 461 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 461 2 2 2 LS 39142 461 3 ) ) -RRB- 39142 461 4 Why why WRB 39142 461 5 should should MD 39142 461 6 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 461 7 planet planet NN 39142 461 8 vary vary VB 39142 461 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 461 10 velocity velocity NN 39142 461 11 at at RB 39142 461 12 all all RB 39142 461 13 , , , 39142 461 14 and and CC 39142 461 15 travel travel VB 39142 461 16 now now RB 39142 461 17 fast fast RB 39142 461 18 , , , 39142 461 19 now now RB 39142 461 20 slow slow JJ 39142 461 21 ; ; : 39142 461 22 especially especially RB 39142 461 23 why why WRB 39142 461 24 should should MD 39142 461 25 the the DT 39142 461 26 speed speed NN 39142 461 27 so so RB 39142 461 28 vary vary VB 39142 461 29 that that IN 39142 461 30 the the DT 39142 461 31 line line NN 39142 461 32 of of IN 39142 461 33 varying varying NN 39142 461 34 length length NN 39142 461 35 , , , 39142 461 36 joining join VBG 39142 461 37 the the DT 39142 461 38 planet planet NN 39142 461 39 to to IN 39142 461 40 the the DT 39142 461 41 sun sun NN 39142 461 42 , , , 39142 461 43 always always RB 39142 461 44 passes pass VBZ 39142 461 45 over over RP 39142 461 46 areas area NNS 39142 461 47 proportional proportional JJ 39142 461 48 to to IN 39142 461 49 the the DT 39142 461 50 time time NN 39142 461 51 of of IN 39142 461 52 describing describe VBG 39142 461 53 them -PRON- PRP 39142 461 54 ? ? . 39142 462 1 And and CC 39142 462 2 ( ( -LRB- 39142 462 3 3 3 LS 39142 462 4 ) ) -RRB- 39142 462 5 Why why WRB 39142 462 6 should should MD 39142 462 7 there there EX 39142 462 8 be be VB 39142 462 9 any any DT 39142 462 10 definite definite JJ 39142 462 11 relation relation NN 39142 462 12 of of IN 39142 462 13 the the DT 39142 462 14 distances distance NNS 39142 462 15 of of IN 39142 462 16 planets planet NNS 39142 462 17 from from IN 39142 462 18 the the DT 39142 462 19 sun sun NN 39142 462 20 to to IN 39142 462 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 462 22 times time NNS 39142 462 23 of of IN 39142 462 24 revolution revolution NN 39142 462 25 about about IN 39142 462 26 him -PRON- PRP 39142 462 27 ? ? . 39142 463 1 Why why WRB 39142 463 2 should should MD 39142 463 3 it -PRON- PRP 39142 463 4 be be VB 39142 463 5 exactly exactly RB 39142 463 6 as as IN 39142 463 7 the the DT 39142 463 8 cube cube NN 39142 463 9 of of IN 39142 463 10 one one CD 39142 463 11 to to IN 39142 463 12 the the DT 39142 463 13 square square NN 39142 463 14 of of IN 39142 463 15 the the DT 39142 463 16 other other JJ 39142 463 17 ? ? . 39142 464 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 464 2 must must MD 39142 464 3 remember remember VB 39142 464 4 that that IN 39142 464 5 the the DT 39142 464 6 Copernican copernican JJ 39142 464 7 system system NN 39142 464 8 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 464 9 was be VBD 39142 464 10 not not RB 39142 464 11 yet yet RB 39142 464 12 , , , 39142 464 13 in in IN 39142 464 14 the the DT 39142 464 15 beginning beginning NN 39142 464 16 of of IN 39142 464 17 the the DT 39142 464 18 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 39142 464 19 century century NN 39142 464 20 , , , 39142 464 21 accepted accept VBN 39142 464 22 universally universally RB 39142 464 23 ; ; : 39142 464 24 and and CC 39142 464 25 the the DT 39142 464 26 great great JJ 39142 464 27 minds mind NNS 39142 464 28 of of IN 39142 464 29 that that DT 39142 464 30 period period NN 39142 464 31 were be VBD 39142 464 32 most most RBS 39142 464 33 concerned concerned JJ 39142 464 34 in in IN 39142 464 35 overturning overturn VBG 39142 464 36 the the DT 39142 464 37 erroneous erroneous JJ 39142 464 38 theory theory NN 39142 464 39 of of IN 39142 464 40 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 464 41 . . . 39142 465 1 The the DT 39142 465 2 next next JJ 39142 465 3 step step NN 39142 465 4 in in IN 39142 465 5 logical logical JJ 39142 465 6 order order NN 39142 465 7 was be VBD 39142 465 8 to to TO 39142 465 9 find find VB 39142 465 10 a a DT 39142 465 11 basic basic JJ 39142 465 12 explanation explanation NN 39142 465 13 of of IN 39142 465 14 the the DT 39142 465 15 planetary planetary NN 39142 465 16 motions motion NNS 39142 465 17 , , , 39142 465 18 and and CC 39142 465 19 Descartes Descartes NNPS 39142 465 20 and and CC 39142 465 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 465 22 theory theory NN 39142 465 23 of of IN 39142 465 24 vortices vortex NNS 39142 465 25 are be VBP 39142 465 26 worthy worthy JJ 39142 465 27 of of IN 39142 465 28 mention mention NN 39142 465 29 , , , 39142 465 30 among among IN 39142 465 31 many many JJ 39142 465 32 unsuccessful unsuccessful JJ 39142 465 33 attempts attempt NNS 39142 465 34 in in IN 39142 465 35 this this DT 39142 465 36 direction direction NN 39142 465 37 . . . 39142 466 1 Descartes Descartes NNP 39142 466 2 was be VBD 39142 466 3 a a DT 39142 466 4 brilliant brilliant JJ 39142 466 5 French french JJ 39142 466 6 philosopher philosopher NN 39142 466 7 and and CC 39142 466 8 mathematician mathematician JJ 39142 466 9 , , , 39142 466 10 but but CC 39142 466 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 466 12 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 466 13 of of IN 39142 466 14 a a DT 39142 466 15 multitude multitude NN 39142 466 16 of of IN 39142 466 17 whirlpools whirlpool NNS 39142 466 18 in in IN 39142 466 19 the the DT 39142 466 20 ether ether NN 39142 466 21 , , , 39142 466 22 while while IN 39142 466 23 ingenious ingenious JJ 39142 466 24 in in IN 39142 466 25 theory theory NN 39142 466 26 , , , 39142 466 27 was be VBD 39142 466 28 too too RB 39142 466 29 vague vague JJ 39142 466 30 and and CC 39142 466 31 indefinite indefinite JJ 39142 466 32 to to TO 39142 466 33 account account VB 39142 466 34 for for IN 39142 466 35 the the DT 39142 466 36 planetary planetary NN 39142 466 37 motions motion NNS 39142 466 38 with with IN 39142 466 39 any any DT 39142 466 40 approach approach NN 39142 466 41 to to IN 39142 466 42 the the DT 39142 466 43 precision precision NN 39142 466 44 with with IN 39142 466 45 which which WDT 39142 466 46 the the DT 39142 466 47 laws law NNS 39142 466 48 of of IN 39142 466 49 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 466 50 represented represent VBD 39142 466 51 them -PRON- PRP 39142 466 52 . . . 39142 467 1 Another another DT 39142 467 2 great great JJ 39142 467 3 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 467 4 whose whose WP$ 39142 467 5 labors labor NNS 39142 467 6 helped help VBD 39142 467 7 immensely immensely RB 39142 467 8 in in IN 39142 467 9 preparing prepare VBG 39142 467 10 the the DT 39142 467 11 way way NN 39142 467 12 for for IN 39142 467 13 the the DT 39142 467 14 signal signal JJ 39142 467 15 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 467 16 that that WDT 39142 467 17 were be VBD 39142 467 18 soon soon RB 39142 467 19 to to TO 39142 467 20 come come VB 39142 467 21 was be VBD 39142 467 22 Huygens Huygens NNP 39142 467 23 , , , 39142 467 24 a a DT 39142 467 25 man man NN 39142 467 26 of of IN 39142 467 27 versatility versatility NN 39142 467 28 as as IN 39142 467 29 natural natural JJ 39142 467 30 philosopher philosopher NN 39142 467 31 , , , 39142 467 32 mechanician mechanician JJ 39142 467 33 , , , 39142 467 34 and and CC 39142 467 35 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 467 36 observer observer NN 39142 467 37 . . . 39142 468 1 Huygens Huygens NNP 39142 468 2 was be VBD 39142 468 3 born bear VBN 39142 468 4 thirteen thirteen CD 39142 468 5 years year NNS 39142 468 6 before before IN 39142 468 7 the the DT 39142 468 8 death death NN 39142 468 9 of of IN 39142 468 10 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 468 11 , , , 39142 468 12 and and CC 39142 468 13 to to IN 39142 468 14 the the DT 39142 468 15 discovery discovery NN 39142 468 16 of of IN 39142 468 17 the the DT 39142 468 18 laws law NNS 39142 468 19 of of IN 39142 468 20 motion motion NN 39142 468 21 by by IN 39142 468 22 the the DT 39142 468 23 latter latter JJ 39142 468 24 Huygens Huygens NNP 39142 468 25 added add VBD 39142 468 26 researches research NNS 39142 468 27 on on IN 39142 468 28 the the DT 39142 468 29 laws law NNS 39142 468 30 of of IN 39142 468 31 action action NN 39142 468 32 of of IN 39142 468 33 centrifugal centrifugal JJ 39142 468 34 forces force NNS 39142 468 35 . . . 39142 469 1 Neither neither DT 39142 469 2 of of IN 39142 469 3 them -PRON- PRP 39142 469 4 , , , 39142 469 5 however however RB 39142 469 6 , , , 39142 469 7 appeared appear VBD 39142 469 8 to to TO 39142 469 9 see see VB 39142 469 10 the the DT 39142 469 11 immediate immediate JJ 39142 469 12 bearing bearing NN 39142 469 13 on on IN 39142 469 14 the the DT 39142 469 15 great great JJ 39142 469 16 general general JJ 39142 469 17 problem problem NN 39142 469 18 of of IN 39142 469 19 celestial celestial JJ 39142 469 20 motions motion NNS 39142 469 21 in in IN 39142 469 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 469 23 true true JJ 39142 469 24 light light NN 39142 469 25 , , , 39142 469 26 and and CC 39142 469 27 it -PRON- PRP 39142 469 28 was be VBD 39142 469 29 reserved reserve VBN 39142 469 30 for for IN 39142 469 31 another another DT 39142 469 32 generation generation NN 39142 469 33 , , , 39142 469 34 and and CC 39142 469 35 an an DT 39142 469 36 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 469 37 of of IN 39142 469 38 another another DT 39142 469 39 country country NN 39142 469 40 , , , 39142 469 41 to to TO 39142 469 42 make make VB 39142 469 43 the the DT 39142 469 44 one one CD 39142 469 45 fundamental fundamental JJ 39142 469 46 discovery discovery NN 39142 469 47 that that WDT 39142 469 48 should should MD 39142 469 49 explain explain VB 39142 469 50 the the DT 39142 469 51 whole whole NN 39142 469 52 by by IN 39142 469 53 a a DT 39142 469 54 single single JJ 39142 469 55 simple simple JJ 39142 469 56 law law NN 39142 469 57 . . . 39142 470 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 470 2 XIII XIII NNP 39142 470 3 NEWTON NEWTON NNP 39142 470 4 AND and CC 39142 470 5 MOTION motion NN 39142 470 6 " " `` 39142 470 7 How how WRB 39142 470 8 is be VBZ 39142 470 9 it -PRON- PRP 39142 470 10 that that WDT 39142 470 11 you -PRON- PRP 39142 470 12 are be VBP 39142 470 13 able able JJ 39142 470 14 to to TO 39142 470 15 make make VB 39142 470 16 these these DT 39142 470 17 great great JJ 39142 470 18 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 470 19 ? ? . 39142 470 20 " " '' 39142 471 1 was be VBD 39142 471 2 once once RB 39142 471 3 asked ask VBN 39142 471 4 of of IN 39142 471 5 Sir Sir NNP 39142 471 6 Isaac Isaac NNP 39142 471 7 Newton Newton NNP 39142 471 8 , , , 39142 471 9 _ _ NNP 39142 471 10 facile facile NN 39142 471 11 princeps princep VBZ 39142 471 12 _ _ XX 39142 471 13 of of IN 39142 471 14 all all DT 39142 471 15 philosophers philosopher NNS 39142 471 16 , , , 39142 471 17 and and CC 39142 471 18 the the DT 39142 471 19 discoverer discoverer NN 39142 471 20 of of IN 39142 471 21 the the DT 39142 471 22 great great JJ 39142 471 23 law law NN 39142 471 24 of of IN 39142 471 25 universal universal NNP 39142 471 26 gravitation gravitation NNP 39142 471 27 . . . 39142 472 1 " " `` 39142 472 2 By by IN 39142 472 3 perpetually perpetually RB 39142 472 4 thinking think VBG 39142 472 5 about about IN 39142 472 6 them -PRON- PRP 39142 472 7 , , , 39142 472 8 " " '' 39142 472 9 was be VBD 39142 472 10 Newton Newton NNP 39142 472 11 's 's POS 39142 472 12 terse terse NN 39142 472 13 and and CC 39142 472 14 illuminating illuminating NN 39142 472 15 reply reply NN 39142 472 16 . . . 39142 473 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 473 2 had have VBD 39142 473 3 set set VBN 39142 473 4 for for IN 39142 473 5 himself -PRON- PRP 39142 473 6 the the DT 39142 473 7 definite definite JJ 39142 473 8 problem problem NN 39142 473 9 of of IN 39142 473 10 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 473 11 's 's POS 39142 473 12 laws law NNS 39142 473 13 : : : 39142 473 14 why why WRB 39142 473 15 is be VBZ 39142 473 16 it -PRON- PRP 39142 473 17 that that IN 39142 473 18 they -PRON- PRP 39142 473 19 are be VBP 39142 473 20 true true JJ 39142 473 21 , , , 39142 473 22 and and CC 39142 473 23 is be VBZ 39142 473 24 there there EX 39142 473 25 not not RB 39142 473 26 some some DT 39142 473 27 single single JJ 39142 473 28 , , , 39142 473 29 general general JJ 39142 473 30 law law NN 39142 473 31 that that WDT 39142 473 32 will will MD 39142 473 33 embody embody VB 39142 473 34 all all PDT 39142 473 35 the the DT 39142 473 36 circumstances circumstance NNS 39142 473 37 of of IN 39142 473 38 the the DT 39142 473 39 planetary planetary NN 39142 473 40 motions motion NNS 39142 473 41 ? ? . 39142 474 1 Newton Newton NNP 39142 474 2 was be VBD 39142 474 3 born bear VBN 39142 474 4 in in IN 39142 474 5 1643 1643 CD 39142 474 6 , , , 39142 474 7 the the DT 39142 474 8 year year NN 39142 474 9 after after IN 39142 474 10 the the DT 39142 474 11 death death NN 39142 474 12 of of IN 39142 474 13 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 474 14 . . . 39142 475 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 475 2 had have VBD 39142 475 3 a a DT 39142 475 4 thorough thorough JJ 39142 475 5 training training NN 39142 475 6 in in IN 39142 475 7 the the DT 39142 475 8 mathematics mathematic NNS 39142 475 9 of of IN 39142 475 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 475 11 day day NN 39142 475 12 , , , 39142 475 13 and and CC 39142 475 14 addressed address VBD 39142 475 15 himself -PRON- PRP 39142 475 16 first first RB 39142 475 17 to to IN 39142 475 18 an an DT 39142 475 19 investigation investigation NN 39142 475 20 and and CC 39142 475 21 definite definite JJ 39142 475 22 formulation formulation NN 39142 475 23 of of IN 39142 475 24 the the DT 39142 475 25 general general JJ 39142 475 26 laws law NNS 39142 475 27 of of IN 39142 475 28 motion motion NN 39142 475 29 , , , 39142 475 30 which which WDT 39142 475 31 he -PRON- PRP 39142 475 32 found find VBD 39142 475 33 to to TO 39142 475 34 be be VB 39142 475 35 three three CD 39142 475 36 in in IN 39142 475 37 number number NN 39142 475 38 , , , 39142 475 39 and and CC 39142 475 40 which which WDT 39142 475 41 he -PRON- PRP 39142 475 42 was be VBD 39142 475 43 able able JJ 39142 475 44 to to TO 39142 475 45 put put VB 39142 475 46 in in RP 39142 475 47 very very RB 39142 475 48 simple simple JJ 39142 475 49 terms term NNS 39142 475 50 . . . 39142 476 1 The the DT 39142 476 2 first first JJ 39142 476 3 one one NN 39142 476 4 is be VBZ 39142 476 5 : : : 39142 476 6 Any any DT 39142 476 7 body body NN 39142 476 8 , , , 39142 476 9 once once IN 39142 476 10 it -PRON- PRP 39142 476 11 is be VBZ 39142 476 12 set set VBN 39142 476 13 in in IN 39142 476 14 motion motion NN 39142 476 15 , , , 39142 476 16 will will MD 39142 476 17 continue continue VB 39142 476 18 to to TO 39142 476 19 move move VB 39142 476 20 forward forward RB 39142 476 21 in in IN 39142 476 22 a a DT 39142 476 23 straight straight JJ 39142 476 24 line line NN 39142 476 25 with with IN 39142 476 26 a a DT 39142 476 27 uniform uniform JJ 39142 476 28 velocity velocity NN 39142 476 29 forever forever RB 39142 476 30 , , , 39142 476 31 provided provide VBN 39142 476 32 it -PRON- PRP 39142 476 33 is be VBZ 39142 476 34 acted act VBN 39142 476 35 upon upon IN 39142 476 36 by by IN 39142 476 37 no no DT 39142 476 38 force force NN 39142 476 39 whatever whatever WDT 39142 476 40 . . . 39142 477 1 In in IN 39142 477 2 other other JJ 39142 477 3 words word NNS 39142 477 4 , , , 39142 477 5 a a DT 39142 477 6 state state NN 39142 477 7 of of IN 39142 477 8 motion motion NN 39142 477 9 is be VBZ 39142 477 10 as as RB 39142 477 11 natural natural JJ 39142 477 12 as as IN 39142 477 13 a a DT 39142 477 14 state state NN 39142 477 15 of of IN 39142 477 16 rest rest NN 39142 477 17 ( ( -LRB- 39142 477 18 rest rest VB 39142 477 19 in in IN 39142 477 20 relation relation NN 39142 477 21 to to IN 39142 477 22 things thing NNS 39142 477 23 everywhere everywhere RB 39142 477 24 adjacent adjacent JJ 39142 477 25 ) ) -RRB- 39142 477 26 in in IN 39142 477 27 which which WDT 39142 477 28 we -PRON- PRP 39142 477 29 find find VBP 39142 477 30 all all DT 39142 477 31 things thing NNS 39142 477 32 in in IN 39142 477 33 general general JJ 39142 477 34 . . . 39142 478 1 Here here RB 39142 478 2 on on IN 39142 478 3 earth earth NN 39142 478 4 where where WRB 39142 478 5 gravity gravity NN 39142 478 6 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 478 7 pulls pull VBZ 39142 478 8 all all DT 39142 478 9 objects object NNS 39142 478 10 downward downward RB 39142 478 11 toward toward IN 39142 478 12 the the DT 39142 478 13 earth earth NN 39142 478 14 , , , 39142 478 15 and and CC 39142 478 16 where where WRB 39142 478 17 resistance resistance NN 39142 478 18 of of IN 39142 478 19 the the DT 39142 478 20 air air NN 39142 478 21 tends tend VBZ 39142 478 22 to to TO 39142 478 23 hold hold VB 39142 478 24 a a DT 39142 478 25 moving move VBG 39142 478 26 body body NN 39142 478 27 back back RB 39142 478 28 and and CC 39142 478 29 bring bring VB 39142 478 30 it -PRON- PRP 39142 478 31 to to TO 39142 478 32 rest rest VB 39142 478 33 , , , 39142 478 34 and and CC 39142 478 35 where where WRB 39142 478 36 friction friction NN 39142 478 37 from from IN 39142 478 38 contact contact NN 39142 478 39 with with IN 39142 478 40 whatever whatever WDT 39142 478 41 material material NN 39142 478 42 substance substance NN 39142 478 43 may may MD 39142 478 44 be be VB 39142 478 45 in in IN 39142 478 46 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 478 47 path path NN 39142 478 48 is be VBZ 39142 478 49 perpetually perpetually RB 39142 478 50 tending tend VBG 39142 478 51 to to TO 39142 478 52 neutralize neutralize VB 39142 478 53 all all DT 39142 478 54 motion motion NN 39142 478 55 -- -- : 39142 478 56 with with IN 39142 478 57 all all DT 39142 478 58 three three CD 39142 478 59 of of IN 39142 478 60 these these DT 39142 478 61 forces force NNS 39142 478 62 always always RB 39142 478 63 at at IN 39142 478 64 work work NN 39142 478 65 to to TO 39142 478 66 stop stop VB 39142 478 67 a a DT 39142 478 68 moving move VBG 39142 478 69 body body NN 39142 478 70 , , , 39142 478 71 the the DT 39142 478 72 truth truth NN 39142 478 73 of of IN 39142 478 74 this this DT 39142 478 75 first first JJ 39142 478 76 and and CC 39142 478 77 fundamental fundamental JJ 39142 478 78 law law NN 39142 478 79 of of IN 39142 478 80 motion motion NN 39142 478 81 was be VBD 39142 478 82 not not RB 39142 478 83 apparent apparent JJ 39142 478 84 on on IN 39142 478 85 the the DT 39142 478 86 surface surface NN 39142 478 87 . . . 39142 479 1 Till till IN 39142 479 2 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 479 3 's 's POS 39142 479 4 time time NN 39142 479 5 everyone everyone NN 39142 479 6 had have VBD 39142 479 7 made make VBN 39142 479 8 the the DT 39142 479 9 mistake mistake NN 39142 479 10 of of IN 39142 479 11 supposing suppose VBG 39142 479 12 that that IN 39142 479 13 some some DT 39142 479 14 force force NN 39142 479 15 or or CC 39142 479 16 other other JJ 39142 479 17 must must MD 39142 479 18 be be VB 39142 479 19 acting act VBG 39142 479 20 continually continually RB 39142 479 21 on on IN 39142 479 22 every every DT 39142 479 23 moving move VBG 39142 479 24 body body NN 39142 479 25 to to TO 39142 479 26 keep keep VB 39142 479 27 it -PRON- PRP 39142 479 28 in in IN 39142 479 29 motion motion NN 39142 479 30 . . . 39142 480 1 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 480 2 , , , 39142 480 3 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 39142 480 4 , , , 39142 480 5 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 480 6 , , , 39142 480 7 Leonardo Leonardo NNP 39142 480 8 da da NNP 39142 480 9 Vinci Vinci NNP 39142 480 10 -- -- : 39142 480 11 all all DT 39142 480 12 failed fail VBD 39142 480 13 to to TO 39142 480 14 see see VB 39142 480 15 the the DT 39142 480 16 truth truth NN 39142 480 17 of of IN 39142 480 18 this this DT 39142 480 19 law law NN 39142 480 20 which which WDT 39142 480 21 Newton Newton NNP 39142 480 22 developed develop VBD 39142 480 23 in in IN 39142 480 24 the the DT 39142 480 25 immortal immortal JJ 39142 480 26 _ _ NNP 39142 480 27 Principia Principia NNP 39142 480 28 _ _ NNP 39142 480 29 . . . 39142 481 1 And and CC 39142 481 2 at at IN 39142 481 3 the the DT 39142 481 4 present present JJ 39142 481 5 day day NN 39142 481 6 it -PRON- PRP 39142 481 7 is be VBZ 39142 481 8 not not RB 39142 481 9 always always RB 39142 481 10 easy easy JJ 39142 481 11 to to TO 39142 481 12 accept accept VB 39142 481 13 at at IN 39142 481 14 first first RB 39142 481 15 , , , 39142 481 16 although although IN 39142 481 17 the the DT 39142 481 18 progress progress NN 39142 481 19 of of IN 39142 481 20 mechanical mechanical JJ 39142 481 21 science science NN 39142 481 22 , , , 39142 481 23 by by IN 39142 481 24 reducing reduce VBG 39142 481 25 friction friction NN 39142 481 26 and and CC 39142 481 27 resistance resistance NN 39142 481 28 , , , 39142 481 29 has have VBZ 39142 481 30 produced produce VBN 39142 481 31 machines machine NNS 39142 481 32 in in IN 39142 481 33 which which WDT 39142 481 34 motion motion NN 39142 481 35 of of IN 39142 481 36 large large JJ 39142 481 37 masses masse NNS 39142 481 38 may may MD 39142 481 39 be be VB 39142 481 40 kept keep VBN 39142 481 41 up up RP 39142 481 42 indefinitely indefinitely RB 39142 481 43 with with IN 39142 481 44 the the DT 39142 481 45 application application NN 39142 481 46 of of IN 39142 481 47 only only RB 39142 481 48 the the DT 39142 481 49 merest mere JJS 39142 481 50 minimum minimum NN 39142 481 51 of of IN 39142 481 52 force force NN 39142 481 53 . . . 39142 482 1 Once once IN 39142 482 2 a a DT 39142 482 3 planet planet NN 39142 482 4 is be VBZ 39142 482 5 set set VBN 39142 482 6 in in IN 39142 482 7 motion motion NN 39142 482 8 round round IN 39142 482 9 the the DT 39142 482 10 sun sun NN 39142 482 11 , , , 39142 482 12 it -PRON- PRP 39142 482 13 would would MD 39142 482 14 go go VB 39142 482 15 on on RP 39142 482 16 forever forever RB 39142 482 17 through through IN 39142 482 18 frictionless frictionless NN 39142 482 19 , , , 39142 482 20 non non JJ 39142 482 21 - - JJ 39142 482 22 resistant resistant JJ 39142 482 23 space space NN 39142 482 24 ; ; : 39142 482 25 but but CC 39142 482 26 there there EX 39142 482 27 must must MD 39142 482 28 be be VB 39142 482 29 a a DT 39142 482 30 central central JJ 39142 482 31 force force NN 39142 482 32 , , , 39142 482 33 as as IN 39142 482 34 Huygens Huygens NNP 39142 482 35 saw see VBD 39142 482 36 clearly clearly RB 39142 482 37 , , , 39142 482 38 to to TO 39142 482 39 hold hold VB 39142 482 40 it -PRON- PRP 39142 482 41 in in IN 39142 482 42 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 482 43 orbit orbit NN 39142 482 44 . . . 39142 483 1 Otherwise otherwise RB 39142 483 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 483 3 would would MD 39142 483 4 at at IN 39142 483 5 any any DT 39142 483 6 moment moment NN 39142 483 7 take take VB 39142 483 8 the the DT 39142 483 9 direction direction NN 39142 483 10 of of IN 39142 483 11 a a DT 39142 483 12 tangent tangent NN 39142 483 13 to to IN 39142 483 14 the the DT 39142 483 15 orbit orbit NN 39142 483 16 . . . 39142 484 1 Here here RB 39142 484 2 is be VBZ 39142 484 3 where where WRB 39142 484 4 Newton Newton NNP 39142 484 5 's 's POS 39142 484 6 second second JJ 39142 484 7 law law NN 39142 484 8 of of IN 39142 484 9 motion motion NN 39142 484 10 comes come VBZ 39142 484 11 in in RP 39142 484 12 , , , 39142 484 13 and and CC 39142 484 14 he -PRON- PRP 39142 484 15 formulated formulate VBD 39142 484 16 it -PRON- PRP 39142 484 17 with with IN 39142 484 18 great great JJ 39142 484 19 definiteness definiteness NN 39142 484 20 . . . 39142 485 1 When when WRB 39142 485 2 any any DT 39142 485 3 force force NN 39142 485 4 acts act VBZ 39142 485 5 on on IN 39142 485 6 a a DT 39142 485 7 moving move VBG 39142 485 8 body body NN 39142 485 9 , , , 39142 485 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 485 11 deviation deviation NN 39142 485 12 from from IN 39142 485 13 a a DT 39142 485 14 straight straight JJ 39142 485 15 line line NN 39142 485 16 will will MD 39142 485 17 be be VB 39142 485 18 in in IN 39142 485 19 the the DT 39142 485 20 direction direction NN 39142 485 21 of of IN 39142 485 22 the the DT 39142 485 23 force force NN 39142 485 24 applied apply VBD 39142 485 25 and and CC 39142 485 26 proportional proportional JJ 39142 485 27 to to IN 39142 485 28 that that DT 39142 485 29 force force NN 39142 485 30 . . . 39142 486 1 In in IN 39142 486 2 accord accord NN 39142 486 3 with with IN 39142 486 4 this this DT 39142 486 5 law law NN 39142 486 6 , , , 39142 486 7 Newton Newton NNP 39142 486 8 first first RB 39142 486 9 began begin VBD 39142 486 10 to to TO 39142 486 11 inquire inquire VB 39142 486 12 whether whether IN 39142 486 13 the the DT 39142 486 14 force force NN 39142 486 15 of of IN 39142 486 16 attraction attraction NN 39142 486 17 here here RB 39142 486 18 on on IN 39142 486 19 earth earth NN 39142 486 20 , , , 39142 486 21 which which WDT 39142 486 22 everyone everyone NN 39142 486 23 commonly commonly RB 39142 486 24 recognizes recognize VBZ 39142 486 25 as as IN 39142 486 26 gravity gravity NN 39142 486 27 , , , 39142 486 28 drawing draw VBG 39142 486 29 all all DT 39142 486 30 things thing NNS 39142 486 31 down down RP 39142 486 32 toward toward IN 39142 486 33 the the DT 39142 486 34 center center NN 39142 486 35 of of IN 39142 486 36 the the DT 39142 486 37 earth earth NN 39142 486 38 , , , 39142 486 39 might may MD 39142 486 40 not not RB 39142 486 41 extend extend VB 39142 486 42 upward upward RB 39142 486 43 indefinitely indefinitely RB 39142 486 44 . . . 39142 487 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 487 2 is be VBZ 39142 487 3 found find VBN 39142 487 4 in in IN 39142 487 5 operation operation NN 39142 487 6 on on IN 39142 487 7 the the DT 39142 487 8 summits summit NNS 39142 487 9 of of IN 39142 487 10 mountain mountain NN 39142 487 11 peaks peak NNS 39142 487 12 , , , 39142 487 13 and and CC 39142 487 14 the the DT 39142 487 15 clouds cloud NNS 39142 487 16 above above IN 39142 487 17 them -PRON- PRP 39142 487 18 and and CC 39142 487 19 the the DT 39142 487 20 rain rain NN 39142 487 21 falling fall VBG 39142 487 22 from from IN 39142 487 23 them -PRON- PRP 39142 487 24 are be VBP 39142 487 25 obviously obviously RB 39142 487 26 drawn draw VBN 39142 487 27 downward downward RB 39142 487 28 by by IN 39142 487 29 the the DT 39142 487 30 same same JJ 39142 487 31 force force NN 39142 487 32 . . . 39142 488 1 May May MD 39142 488 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 488 3 not not RB 39142 488 4 extend extend VB 39142 488 5 outward outward RB 39142 488 6 into into IN 39142 488 7 space space NN 39142 488 8 , , , 39142 488 9 even even RB 39142 488 10 as as RB 39142 488 11 far far RB 39142 488 12 as as IN 39142 488 13 the the DT 39142 488 14 moon moon NN 39142 488 15 ? ? . 39142 489 1 This this DT 39142 489 2 was be VBD 39142 489 3 an an DT 39142 489 4 audacious audacious JJ 39142 489 5 question question NN 39142 489 6 , , , 39142 489 7 but but CC 39142 489 8 Newton Newton NNP 39142 489 9 not not RB 39142 489 10 only only RB 39142 489 11 asked ask VBD 39142 489 12 , , , 39142 489 13 but but CC 39142 489 14 tried try VBD 39142 489 15 to to TO 39142 489 16 answer answer VB 39142 489 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 489 18 in in IN 39142 489 19 the the DT 39142 489 20 year year NN 39142 489 21 1665 1665 CD 39142 489 22 , , , 39142 489 23 when when WRB 39142 489 24 he -PRON- PRP 39142 489 25 was be VBD 39142 489 26 only only RB 39142 489 27 twenty twenty CD 39142 489 28 - - HYPH 39142 489 29 three three CD 39142 489 30 . . . 39142 490 1 On on IN 39142 490 2 the the DT 39142 490 3 surface surface NN 39142 490 4 of of IN 39142 490 5 the the DT 39142 490 6 earth earth NN 39142 490 7 this this DT 39142 490 8 attraction attraction NN 39142 490 9 is be VBZ 39142 490 10 strong strong JJ 39142 490 11 enough enough RB 39142 490 12 to to TO 39142 490 13 draw draw VB 39142 490 14 a a DT 39142 490 15 falling fall VBG 39142 490 16 body body NN 39142 490 17 downward downward RB 39142 490 18 through through IN 39142 490 19 a a DT 39142 490 20 vertical vertical JJ 39142 490 21 space space NN 39142 490 22 of of IN 39142 490 23 sixteen sixteen CD 39142 490 24 feet foot NNS 39142 490 25 in in IN 39142 490 26 a a DT 39142 490 27 second second NN 39142 490 28 of of IN 39142 490 29 time time NN 39142 490 30 . . . 39142 491 1 What what WP 39142 491 2 ought ought MD 39142 491 3 it -PRON- PRP 39142 491 4 to to TO 39142 491 5 be be VB 39142 491 6 at at IN 39142 491 7 the the DT 39142 491 8 distance distance NN 39142 491 9 of of IN 39142 491 10 the the DT 39142 491 11 moon moon NN 39142 491 12 . . . 39142 492 1 The the DT 39142 492 2 distance distance NN 39142 492 3 of of IN 39142 492 4 the the DT 39142 492 5 moon moon NN 39142 492 6 in in IN 39142 492 7 Newton Newton NNP 39142 492 8 's 's POS 39142 492 9 time time NN 39142 492 10 was be VBD 39142 492 11 better well RBR 39142 492 12 known know VBN 39142 492 13 in in IN 39142 492 14 terms term NNS 39142 492 15 of of IN 39142 492 16 the the DT 39142 492 17 earth earth NN 39142 492 18 's 's POS 39142 492 19 size size NN 39142 492 20 than than IN 39142 492 21 was be VBD 39142 492 22 the the DT 39142 492 23 size size NN 39142 492 24 of of IN 39142 492 25 the the DT 39142 492 26 earth earth NN 39142 492 27 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 492 28 : : : 39142 492 29 the the DT 39142 492 30 earth earth NN 39142 492 31 's 's POS 39142 492 32 radius radius NN 39142 492 33 was be VBD 39142 492 34 known know VBN 39142 492 35 to to TO 39142 492 36 be be VB 39142 492 37 one one CD 39142 492 38 - - HYPH 39142 492 39 sixtieth sixtieth JJ 39142 492 40 of of IN 39142 492 41 the the DT 39142 492 42 moon moon NN 39142 492 43 's 's POS 39142 492 44 distance distance NN 39142 492 45 , , , 39142 492 46 but but CC 39142 492 47 the the DT 39142 492 48 earth earth NN 39142 492 49 's 's POS 39142 492 50 diameter diameter NN 39142 492 51 was be VBD 39142 492 52 thought think VBN 39142 492 53 to to TO 39142 492 54 be be VB 39142 492 55 something something NN 39142 492 56 under under IN 39142 492 57 7,000 7,000 CD 39142 492 58 miles mile NNS 39142 492 59 , , , 39142 492 60 so so IN 39142 492 61 that that IN 39142 492 62 Newton Newton NNP 39142 492 63 's 's POS 39142 492 64 first first JJ 39142 492 65 calculations calculation NNS 39142 492 66 were be VBD 39142 492 67 most most RBS 39142 492 68 disappointing disappointing JJ 39142 492 69 , , , 39142 492 70 and and CC 39142 492 71 he -PRON- PRP 39142 492 72 laid lay VBD 39142 492 73 them -PRON- PRP 39142 492 74 aside aside RB 39142 492 75 for for IN 39142 492 76 nearly nearly RB 39142 492 77 twenty twenty CD 39142 492 78 years year NNS 39142 492 79 . . . 39142 493 1 Meanwhile meanwhile RB 39142 493 2 the the DT 39142 493 3 French french JJ 39142 493 4 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 493 5 led lead VBN 39142 493 6 by by IN 39142 493 7 Picard Picard NNP 39142 493 8 had have VBD 39142 493 9 measured measure VBN 39142 493 10 the the DT 39142 493 11 earth earth NN 39142 493 12 anew anew RB 39142 493 13 , , , 39142 493 14 and and CC 39142 493 15 showed show VBD 39142 493 16 it -PRON- PRP 39142 493 17 to to TO 39142 493 18 be be VB 39142 493 19 nearly nearly RB 39142 493 20 8,000 8,000 CD 39142 493 21 miles mile NNS 39142 493 22 in in IN 39142 493 23 diameter diameter NN 39142 493 24 . . . 39142 494 1 As as RB 39142 494 2 soon soon RB 39142 494 3 as as IN 39142 494 4 Newton Newton NNP 39142 494 5 learned learn VBD 39142 494 6 of of IN 39142 494 7 this this DT 39142 494 8 , , , 39142 494 9 he -PRON- PRP 39142 494 10 revised revise VBD 39142 494 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 494 12 calculations calculation NNS 39142 494 13 , , , 39142 494 14 and and CC 39142 494 15 found find VBD 39142 494 16 that that IN 39142 494 17 by by IN 39142 494 18 the the DT 39142 494 19 law law NN 39142 494 20 of of IN 39142 494 21 the the DT 39142 494 22 inverse inverse NN 39142 494 23 square square NN 39142 494 24 the the DT 39142 494 25 moon moon NN 39142 494 26 , , , 39142 494 27 in in IN 39142 494 28 one one CD 39142 494 29 second second NN 39142 494 30 , , , 39142 494 31 should should MD 39142 494 32 fall fall VB 39142 494 33 away away RB 39142 494 34 from from IN 39142 494 35 a a DT 39142 494 36 tangent tangent NN 39142 494 37 to to IN 39142 494 38 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 494 39 orbit orbit NN 39142 494 40 one one CD 39142 494 41 thirty thirty CD 39142 494 42 - - HYPH 39142 494 43 six six CD 39142 494 44 hundredth hundredth NN 39142 494 45 of of IN 39142 494 46 sixteen sixteen CD 39142 494 47 feet foot NNS 39142 494 48 . . . 39142 495 1 This this DT 39142 495 2 accorded accord VBD 39142 495 3 exactly exactly RB 39142 495 4 with with IN 39142 495 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 495 6 original original JJ 39142 495 7 supposition supposition NN 39142 495 8 that that IN 39142 495 9 the the DT 39142 495 10 earth earth NN 39142 495 11 's 's POS 39142 495 12 attraction attraction NN 39142 495 13 extended extend VBN 39142 495 14 to to IN 39142 495 15 the the DT 39142 495 16 moon moon NN 39142 495 17 . . . 39142 496 1 So so RB 39142 496 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 496 3 concluded conclude VBD 39142 496 4 that that IN 39142 496 5 the the DT 39142 496 6 force force NN 39142 496 7 which which WDT 39142 496 8 makes make VBZ 39142 496 9 a a DT 39142 496 10 stone stone NN 39142 496 11 fall fall NN 39142 496 12 , , , 39142 496 13 or or CC 39142 496 14 an an DT 39142 496 15 apple apple NN 39142 496 16 , , , 39142 496 17 as as IN 39142 496 18 the the DT 39142 496 19 story story NN 39142 496 20 goes go VBZ 39142 496 21 , , , 39142 496 22 is be VBZ 39142 496 23 the the DT 39142 496 24 same same JJ 39142 496 25 force force NN 39142 496 26 that that WDT 39142 496 27 holds hold VBZ 39142 496 28 the the DT 39142 496 29 moon moon NN 39142 496 30 in in IN 39142 496 31 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 496 32 orbit orbit NN 39142 496 33 , , , 39142 496 34 and and CC 39142 496 35 that that IN 39142 496 36 this this DT 39142 496 37 force force NN 39142 496 38 diminishes diminish VBZ 39142 496 39 in in IN 39142 496 40 the the DT 39142 496 41 exact exact JJ 39142 496 42 proportion proportion NN 39142 496 43 that that WDT 39142 496 44 the the DT 39142 496 45 square square NN 39142 496 46 of of IN 39142 496 47 the the DT 39142 496 48 distance distance NN 39142 496 49 from from IN 39142 496 50 the the DT 39142 496 51 earth earth NN 39142 496 52 's 's POS 39142 496 53 center center NN 39142 496 54 increases increase NNS 39142 496 55 . . . 39142 497 1 The the DT 39142 497 2 moon moon NN 39142 497 3 , , , 39142 497 4 indeed indeed RB 39142 497 5 , , , 39142 497 6 becomes become VBZ 39142 497 7 a a DT 39142 497 8 falling fall VBG 39142 497 9 body body NN 39142 497 10 ; ; : 39142 497 11 only only RB 39142 497 12 , , , 39142 497 13 as as IN 39142 497 14 Kingdon Kingdon NNP 39142 497 15 Clifford Clifford NNP 39142 497 16 puts put VBZ 39142 497 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 497 18 : : : 39142 497 19 " " `` 39142 497 20 She -PRON- PRP 39142 497 21 is be VBZ 39142 497 22 going go VBG 39142 497 23 so so RB 39142 497 24 fast fast RB 39142 497 25 and and CC 39142 497 26 is be VBZ 39142 497 27 so so RB 39142 497 28 far far RB 39142 497 29 off off RB 39142 497 30 that that IN 39142 497 31 she -PRON- PRP 39142 497 32 falls fall VBZ 39142 497 33 quite quite RB 39142 497 34 around around RB 39142 497 35 to to IN 39142 497 36 the the DT 39142 497 37 other other JJ 39142 497 38 side side NN 39142 497 39 of of IN 39142 497 40 the the DT 39142 497 41 earth earth NN 39142 497 42 , , , 39142 497 43 instead instead RB 39142 497 44 of of IN 39142 497 45 hitting hit VBG 39142 497 46 it -PRON- PRP 39142 497 47 ; ; : 39142 497 48 and and CC 39142 497 49 so so RB 39142 497 50 goes go VBZ 39142 497 51 on on RP 39142 497 52 forever forever RB 39142 497 53 . . . 39142 497 54 " " '' 39142 498 1 [ [ -LRB- 39142 498 2 Illustration illustration NN 39142 498 3 : : : 39142 498 4 NICHOLAS NICHOLAS NNP 39142 498 5 COPERNICUS COPERNICUS NNP 39142 498 6 ] ] -RRB- 39142 498 7 [ [ -LRB- 39142 498 8 Illustration illustration NN 39142 498 9 : : : 39142 498 10 GALILEO galileo NN 39142 498 11 GALILEI galilei NN 39142 498 12 ] ] -RRB- 39142 498 13 [ [ -LRB- 39142 498 14 Illustration illustration NN 39142 498 15 : : : 39142 498 16 JOHANN JOHANN NNP 39142 498 17 KEPLER KEPLER NNP 39142 498 18 ] ] -RRB- 39142 498 19 [ [ -LRB- 39142 498 20 Illustration illustration NN 39142 498 21 : : : 39142 498 22 SIR SIR NNP 39142 498 23 ISAAC ISAAC NNP 39142 498 24 NEWTON NEWTON NNP 39142 498 25 ] ] -RRB- 39142 498 26 Newton Newton NNP 39142 498 27 goes go VBZ 39142 498 28 on on RP 39142 498 29 in in IN 39142 498 30 the the DT 39142 498 31 _ _ NNP 39142 498 32 Principia Principia NNP 39142 498 33 _ _ NNP 39142 498 34 to to TO 39142 498 35 explain explain VB 39142 498 36 the the DT 39142 498 37 extension extension NN 39142 498 38 of of IN 39142 498 39 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 498 40 to to IN 39142 498 41 the the DT 39142 498 42 other other JJ 39142 498 43 bodies body NNS 39142 498 44 of of IN 39142 498 45 the the DT 39142 498 46 solar solar JJ 39142 498 47 system system NN 39142 498 48 beyond beyond IN 39142 498 49 the the DT 39142 498 50 earth earth NN 39142 498 51 and and CC 39142 498 52 moon moon NN 39142 498 53 . . . 39142 499 1 Clearly clearly RB 39142 499 2 the the DT 39142 499 3 same same JJ 39142 499 4 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 499 5 that that WDT 39142 499 6 holds hold VBZ 39142 499 7 the the DT 39142 499 8 moon moon NN 39142 499 9 in in IN 39142 499 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 499 11 orbit orbit NN 39142 499 12 round round IN 39142 499 13 the the DT 39142 499 14 earth earth NN 39142 499 15 , , , 39142 499 16 must must MD 39142 499 17 extend extend VB 39142 499 18 outward outward RB 39142 499 19 from from IN 39142 499 20 the the DT 39142 499 21 sun sun NN 39142 499 22 also also RB 39142 499 23 , , , 39142 499 24 and and CC 39142 499 25 hold hold VB 39142 499 26 all all PDT 39142 499 27 the the DT 39142 499 28 planets planet NNS 39142 499 29 in in IN 39142 499 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 499 31 orbits orbit NNS 39142 499 32 centered center VBN 39142 499 33 about about IN 39142 499 34 him -PRON- PRP 39142 499 35 . . . 39142 500 1 Newton Newton NNP 39142 500 2 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ 39142 500 3 by by IN 39142 500 4 calculation calculation NN 39142 500 5 based base VBN 39142 500 6 on on IN 39142 500 7 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 500 8 's 's POS 39142 500 9 third third JJ 39142 500 10 law law NN 39142 500 11 that that WDT 39142 500 12 ( ( -LRB- 39142 500 13 1 1 LS 39142 500 14 ) ) -RRB- 39142 500 15 the the DT 39142 500 16 forces force NNS 39142 500 17 drawing draw VBG 39142 500 18 the the DT 39142 500 19 planets planet NNS 39142 500 20 toward toward IN 39142 500 21 the the DT 39142 500 22 sun sun NN 39142 500 23 are be VBP 39142 500 24 inversely inversely RB 39142 500 25 as as IN 39142 500 26 the the DT 39142 500 27 squares square NNS 39142 500 28 of of IN 39142 500 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 500 30 mean mean JJ 39142 500 31 distances distance NNS 39142 500 32 from from IN 39142 500 33 him -PRON- PRP 39142 500 34 ; ; : 39142 500 35 and and CC 39142 500 36 ( ( -LRB- 39142 500 37 2 2 LS 39142 500 38 ) ) -RRB- 39142 500 39 if if IN 39142 500 40 the the DT 39142 500 41 force force NN 39142 500 42 be be VBP 39142 500 43 constantly constantly RB 39142 500 44 directed direct VBN 39142 500 45 toward toward IN 39142 500 46 the the DT 39142 500 47 sun sun NN 39142 500 48 , , , 39142 500 49 the the DT 39142 500 50 radius radius NN 39142 500 51 vector vector NN 39142 500 52 in in IN 39142 500 53 an an DT 39142 500 54 elliptic elliptic JJ 39142 500 55 orbit orbit NN 39142 500 56 must must MD 39142 500 57 pass pass VB 39142 500 58 over over RP 39142 500 59 equal equal JJ 39142 500 60 areas area NNS 39142 500 61 in in IN 39142 500 62 equal equal JJ 39142 500 63 times time NNS 39142 500 64 . . . 39142 501 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39142 501 2 XIV XIV NNP 39142 501 3 NEWTON NEWTON NNP 39142 501 4 AND and CC 39142 501 5 GRAVITATION GRAVITATION NNP 39142 501 6 So so RB 39142 501 7 all all DT 39142 501 8 of of IN 39142 501 9 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 501 10 's 's POS 39142 501 11 laws law NNS 39142 501 12 could could MD 39142 501 13 be be VB 39142 501 14 embodied embody VBN 39142 501 15 in in IN 39142 501 16 a a DT 39142 501 17 single single JJ 39142 501 18 law law NN 39142 501 19 of of IN 39142 501 20 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 501 21 toward toward IN 39142 501 22 a a DT 39142 501 23 central central JJ 39142 501 24 body body NN 39142 501 25 , , , 39142 501 26 whose whose WP$ 39142 501 27 force force NN 39142 501 28 of of IN 39142 501 29 attraction attraction NN 39142 501 30 decreases decrease VBZ 39142 501 31 outward outward RB 39142 501 32 in in IN 39142 501 33 exact exact JJ 39142 501 34 proportion proportion NN 39142 501 35 as as IN 39142 501 36 the the DT 39142 501 37 square square NN 39142 501 38 of of IN 39142 501 39 the the DT 39142 501 40 distance distance NN 39142 501 41 increases increase NNS 39142 501 42 . . . 39142 502 1 Only only RB 39142 502 2 one one CD 39142 502 3 farther farther JJ 39142 502 4 step step NN 39142 502 5 had have VBD 39142 502 6 to to TO 39142 502 7 be be VB 39142 502 8 taken take VBN 39142 502 9 , , , 39142 502 10 and and CC 39142 502 11 this this DT 39142 502 12 the the DT 39142 502 13 most most RBS 39142 502 14 complicated complicated JJ 39142 502 15 of of IN 39142 502 16 all all DT 39142 502 17 : : : 39142 502 18 he -PRON- PRP 39142 502 19 must must MD 39142 502 20 make make VB 39142 502 21 all all PDT 39142 502 22 the the DT 39142 502 23 bodies body NNS 39142 502 24 of of IN 39142 502 25 the the DT 39142 502 26 sky sky NN 39142 502 27 conform conform NN 39142 502 28 to to IN 39142 502 29 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 502 30 third third JJ 39142 502 31 law law NN 39142 502 32 of of IN 39142 502 33 motion motion NN 39142 502 34 . . . 39142 503 1 This this DT 39142 503 2 is be VBZ 39142 503 3 : : : 39142 503 4 Action action NN 39142 503 5 and and CC 39142 503 6 reaction reaction NN 39142 503 7 are be VBP 39142 503 8 equal equal JJ 39142 503 9 , , , 39142 503 10 or or CC 39142 503 11 the the DT 39142 503 12 mutual mutual JJ 39142 503 13 actions action NNS 39142 503 14 of of IN 39142 503 15 any any DT 39142 503 16 two two CD 39142 503 17 bodies body NNS 39142 503 18 are be VBP 39142 503 19 always always RB 39142 503 20 equal equal JJ 39142 503 21 and and CC 39142 503 22 oppositely oppositely RB 39142 503 23 directed direct VBN 39142 503 24 . . . 39142 504 1 There there EX 39142 504 2 must must MD 39142 504 3 be be VB 39142 504 4 mutual mutual JJ 39142 504 5 attractions attraction NNS 39142 504 6 everywhere everywhere RB 39142 504 7 : : : 39142 504 8 earth earth NN 39142 504 9 for for IN 39142 504 10 sun sun NN 39142 504 11 as as RB 39142 504 12 well well RB 39142 504 13 as as IN 39142 504 14 sun sun NN 39142 504 15 for for IN 39142 504 16 earth earth NN 39142 504 17 , , , 39142 504 18 moon moon NN 39142 504 19 for for IN 39142 504 20 sun sun NN 39142 504 21 and and CC 39142 504 22 sun sun NNP 39142 504 23 for for IN 39142 504 24 moon moon NN 39142 504 25 , , , 39142 504 26 earth earth NN 39142 504 27 for for IN 39142 504 28 Venus Venus NNP 39142 504 29 and and CC 39142 504 30 Venus Venus NNP 39142 504 31 for for IN 39142 504 32 earth earth NN 39142 504 33 , , , 39142 504 34 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 504 35 for for IN 39142 504 36 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 504 37 and and CC 39142 504 38 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 504 39 for for IN 39142 504 40 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 504 41 , , , 39142 504 42 and and CC 39142 504 43 so so RB 39142 504 44 on on RB 39142 504 45 . . . 39142 505 1 The the DT 39142 505 2 motions motion NNS 39142 505 3 of of IN 39142 505 4 the the DT 39142 505 5 planets planet NNS 39142 505 6 in in IN 39142 505 7 the the DT 39142 505 8 undisturbed undisturbed JJ 39142 505 9 ellipses ellipsis NNS 39142 505 10 of of IN 39142 505 11 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 505 12 must must MD 39142 505 13 be be VB 39142 505 14 impossible impossible JJ 39142 505 15 . . . 39142 506 1 As as IN 39142 506 2 observations observation NNS 39142 506 3 of of IN 39142 506 4 the the DT 39142 506 5 planets planet NNS 39142 506 6 became become VBD 39142 506 7 more more RBR 39142 506 8 accurate accurate JJ 39142 506 9 , , , 39142 506 10 it -PRON- PRP 39142 506 11 was be VBD 39142 506 12 found find VBN 39142 506 13 that that IN 39142 506 14 they -PRON- PRP 39142 506 15 really really RB 39142 506 16 did do VBD 39142 506 17 fail fail VB 39142 506 18 to to TO 39142 506 19 move move VB 39142 506 20 in in IN 39142 506 21 exact exact JJ 39142 506 22 accord accord NN 39142 506 23 with with IN 39142 506 24 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 506 25 's 's POS 39142 506 26 laws law NNS 39142 506 27 unmodified unmodified JJ 39142 506 28 . . . 39142 507 1 Newton Newton NNP 39142 507 2 was be VBD 39142 507 3 unable unable JJ 39142 507 4 , , , 39142 507 5 with with IN 39142 507 6 the the DT 39142 507 7 imperfect imperfect JJ 39142 507 8 processes process NNS 39142 507 9 of of IN 39142 507 10 the the DT 39142 507 11 mathematics mathematic NNS 39142 507 12 of of IN 39142 507 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 507 14 day day NN 39142 507 15 to to TO 39142 507 16 ascertain ascertain VB 39142 507 17 whether whether IN 39142 507 18 the the DT 39142 507 19 deviations deviation NNS 39142 507 20 then then RB 39142 507 21 known know VBN 39142 507 22 could could MD 39142 507 23 be be VB 39142 507 24 accounted account VBN 39142 507 25 for for IN 39142 507 26 by by IN 39142 507 27 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 507 28 law law NN 39142 507 29 of of IN 39142 507 30 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 507 31 ; ; : 39142 507 32 but but CC 39142 507 33 he -PRON- PRP 39142 507 34 nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 507 35 formulated formulate VBD 39142 507 36 the the DT 39142 507 37 law law NN 39142 507 38 with with IN 39142 507 39 entire entire JJ 39142 507 40 precision precision NN 39142 507 41 , , , 39142 507 42 as as IN 39142 507 43 follows follow VBZ 39142 507 44 : : : 39142 507 45 Every every DT 39142 507 46 particle particle NN 39142 507 47 of of IN 39142 507 48 matter matter NN 39142 507 49 in in IN 39142 507 50 the the DT 39142 507 51 universe universe NN 39142 507 52 attracts attract VBZ 39142 507 53 every every DT 39142 507 54 other other JJ 39142 507 55 particle particle NN 39142 507 56 with with IN 39142 507 57 a a DT 39142 507 58 force force NN 39142 507 59 exactly exactly RB 39142 507 60 proportioned proportion VBN 39142 507 61 to to IN 39142 507 62 the the DT 39142 507 63 product product NN 39142 507 64 of of IN 39142 507 65 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 507 66 masses masse NNS 39142 507 67 , , , 39142 507 68 and and CC 39142 507 69 inversely inversely RB 39142 507 70 as as IN 39142 507 71 the the DT 39142 507 72 square square NN 39142 507 73 of of IN 39142 507 74 the the DT 39142 507 75 distance distance NN 39142 507 76 between between IN 39142 507 77 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 507 78 centers center NNS 39142 507 79 . . . 39142 508 1 The the DT 39142 508 2 centuries century NNS 39142 508 3 of of IN 39142 508 4 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 508 5 research research NN 39142 508 6 since since IN 39142 508 7 Newton Newton NNP 39142 508 8 's 's POS 39142 508 9 day day NN 39142 508 10 , , , 39142 508 11 however however RB 39142 508 12 , , , 39142 508 13 have have VBP 39142 508 14 verified verify VBN 39142 508 15 the the DT 39142 508 16 great great JJ 39142 508 17 law law NN 39142 508 18 with with IN 39142 508 19 the the DT 39142 508 20 utmost utmost JJ 39142 508 21 exactness exactness NN 39142 508 22 . . . 39142 509 1 Practically practically RB 39142 509 2 every every DT 39142 509 3 irregularity irregularity NN 39142 509 4 of of IN 39142 509 5 lunar lunar JJ 39142 509 6 and and CC 39142 509 7 planetary planetary NN 39142 509 8 motion motion NN 39142 509 9 is be VBZ 39142 509 10 accounted account VBN 39142 509 11 for for IN 39142 509 12 ; ; : 39142 509 13 indeed indeed RB 39142 509 14 , , , 39142 509 15 the the DT 39142 509 16 intricacies intricacy NNS 39142 509 17 of of IN 39142 509 18 the the DT 39142 509 19 problems problem NNS 39142 509 20 involved involve VBN 39142 509 21 , , , 39142 509 22 and and CC 39142 509 23 the the DT 39142 509 24 nicety nicety NN 39142 509 25 of of IN 39142 509 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 509 27 solution solution NN 39142 509 28 , , , 39142 509 29 have have VBP 39142 509 30 led lead VBN 39142 509 31 to to IN 39142 509 32 the the DT 39142 509 33 invention invention NN 39142 509 34 of of IN 39142 509 35 new new JJ 39142 509 36 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 509 37 processes process NNS 39142 509 38 adequate adequate JJ 39142 509 39 to to IN 39142 509 40 the the DT 39142 509 41 difficulties difficulty NNS 39142 509 42 encountered encounter VBN 39142 509 43 . . . 39142 510 1 And and CC 39142 510 2 about about IN 39142 510 3 the the DT 39142 510 4 middle middle NN 39142 510 5 of of IN 39142 510 6 the the DT 39142 510 7 last last JJ 39142 510 8 century century NN 39142 510 9 , , , 39142 510 10 when when WRB 39142 510 11 Uranus Uranus NNP 39142 510 12 departed depart VBD 39142 510 13 from from IN 39142 510 14 the the DT 39142 510 15 path path NN 39142 510 16 laid lay VBN 39142 510 17 out out RP 39142 510 18 for for IN 39142 510 19 it -PRON- PRP 39142 510 20 by by IN 39142 510 21 the the DT 39142 510 22 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 510 23 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 510 24 , , , 39142 510 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 510 26 orbital orbital JJ 39142 510 27 deviations deviation NNS 39142 510 28 were be VBD 39142 510 29 made make VBN 39142 510 30 the the DT 39142 510 31 basis basis NN 39142 510 32 of of IN 39142 510 33 an an DT 39142 510 34 investigation investigation NN 39142 510 35 which which WDT 39142 510 36 soon soon RB 39142 510 37 led lead VBD 39142 510 38 to to IN 39142 510 39 the the DT 39142 510 40 assignment assignment NN 39142 510 41 of of IN 39142 510 42 the the DT 39142 510 43 position position NN 39142 510 44 where where WRB 39142 510 45 a a DT 39142 510 46 great great JJ 39142 510 47 planet planet NN 39142 510 48 could could MD 39142 510 49 be be VB 39142 510 50 found find VBN 39142 510 51 that that WDT 39142 510 52 would would MD 39142 510 53 account account VB 39142 510 54 for for IN 39142 510 55 the the DT 39142 510 56 unexplained unexplained JJ 39142 510 57 irregularities irregularity NNS 39142 510 58 of of IN 39142 510 59 the the DT 39142 510 60 motion motion NN 39142 510 61 of of IN 39142 510 62 Uranus uranus NN 39142 510 63 . . . 39142 511 1 And and CC 39142 511 2 the the DT 39142 511 3 immediate immediate JJ 39142 511 4 discovery discovery NN 39142 511 5 of of IN 39142 511 6 this this DT 39142 511 7 planet planet NN 39142 511 8 , , , 39142 511 9 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 511 10 , , , 39142 511 11 became become VBD 39142 511 12 the the DT 39142 511 13 most most RBS 39142 511 14 striking striking JJ 39142 511 15 verification verification NN 39142 511 16 of of IN 39142 511 17 the the DT 39142 511 18 Newtonian newtonian JJ 39142 511 19 law law NN 39142 511 20 that that WDT 39142 511 21 the the DT 39142 511 22 solar solar JJ 39142 511 23 system system NN 39142 511 24 could could MD 39142 511 25 possibly possibly RB 39142 511 26 afford afford VB 39142 511 27 . . . 39142 512 1 The the DT 39142 512 2 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 512 3 of of IN 39142 512 4 still still RB 39142 512 5 later later RB 39142 512 6 days day NNS 39142 512 7 investigating investigate VBG 39142 512 8 the the DT 39142 512 9 statelier stately JJR 39142 512 10 motions motion NNS 39142 512 11 of of IN 39142 512 12 stellar stellar JJ 39142 512 13 systems system NNS 39142 512 14 find find VBP 39142 512 15 the the DT 39142 512 16 Newtonian newtonian JJ 39142 512 17 law law NN 39142 512 18 regnant regnant NN 39142 512 19 everywhere everywhere RB 39142 512 20 among among IN 39142 512 21 the the DT 39142 512 22 stars star NNS 39142 512 23 where where WRB 39142 512 24 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 512 25 most most RBS 39142 512 26 powerful powerful JJ 39142 512 27 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 512 28 have have VBP 39142 512 29 as as RB 39142 512 30 yet yet RB 39142 512 31 reached reach VBN 39142 512 32 . . . 39142 513 1 So so RB 39142 513 2 that that IN 39142 513 3 Newton Newton NNP 39142 513 4 's 's POS 39142 513 5 law law NN 39142 513 6 is be VBZ 39142 513 7 known know VBN 39142 513 8 as as IN 39142 513 9 the the DT 39142 513 10 law law NN 39142 513 11 of of IN 39142 513 12 Universal Universal NNP 39142 513 13 Gravitation Gravitation NNP 39142 513 14 , , , 39142 513 15 and and CC 39142 513 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 513 17 author author NN 39142 513 18 is be VBZ 39142 513 19 everywhere everywhere RB 39142 513 20 held hold VBN 39142 513 21 as as IN 39142 513 22 the the DT 39142 513 23 greatest great JJS 39142 513 24 scientist scientist NN 39142 513 25 of of IN 39142 513 26 the the DT 39142 513 27 ages age NNS 39142 513 28 . . . 39142 514 1 Newton Newton NNP 39142 514 2 's 's POS 39142 514 3 _ _ NNP 39142 514 4 Principia Principia NNP 39142 514 5 _ _ NNP 39142 514 6 may may MD 39142 514 7 be be VB 39142 514 8 regarded regard VBN 39142 514 9 as as IN 39142 514 10 the the DT 39142 514 11 culminating culminate VBG 39142 514 12 research research NN 39142 514 13 of of IN 39142 514 14 the the DT 39142 514 15 inductive inductive JJ 39142 514 16 method method NN 39142 514 17 , , , 39142 514 18 and and CC 39142 514 19 further further JJ 39142 514 20 outline outline NN 39142 514 21 of of IN 39142 514 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 514 23 contents content NNS 39142 514 24 is be VBZ 39142 514 25 desirable desirable JJ 39142 514 26 . . . 39142 515 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 515 2 is be VBZ 39142 515 3 divided divide VBN 39142 515 4 into into IN 39142 515 5 three three CD 39142 515 6 books book NNS 39142 515 7 following follow VBG 39142 515 8 certain certain JJ 39142 515 9 introductory introductory JJ 39142 515 10 sections section NNS 39142 515 11 . . . 39142 516 1 The the DT 39142 516 2 first first JJ 39142 516 3 book book NN 39142 516 4 treats treat NNS 39142 516 5 of of IN 39142 516 6 the the DT 39142 516 7 problems problem NNS 39142 516 8 of of IN 39142 516 9 moving move VBG 39142 516 10 bodies body NNS 39142 516 11 , , , 39142 516 12 the the DT 39142 516 13 solutions solution NNS 39142 516 14 being be VBG 39142 516 15 worked work VBN 39142 516 16 out out RP 39142 516 17 generally generally RB 39142 516 18 and and CC 39142 516 19 not not RB 39142 516 20 with with IN 39142 516 21 special special JJ 39142 516 22 reference reference NN 39142 516 23 to to IN 39142 516 24 astronomy astronomy NNP 39142 516 25 . . . 39142 517 1 The the DT 39142 517 2 second second JJ 39142 517 3 book book NN 39142 517 4 deals deal VBZ 39142 517 5 with with IN 39142 517 6 the the DT 39142 517 7 motion motion NN 39142 517 8 of of IN 39142 517 9 bodies body NNS 39142 517 10 through through IN 39142 517 11 resistant resistant JJ 39142 517 12 media medium NNS 39142 517 13 , , , 39142 517 14 as as IN 39142 517 15 fluids fluid NNS 39142 517 16 , , , 39142 517 17 and and CC 39142 517 18 has have VBZ 39142 517 19 very very RB 39142 517 20 little little JJ 39142 517 21 significance significance NN 39142 517 22 in in IN 39142 517 23 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 517 24 . . . 39142 518 1 The the DT 39142 518 2 third third JJ 39142 518 3 book book NN 39142 518 4 is be VBZ 39142 518 5 the the DT 39142 518 6 all all RB 39142 518 7 important important JJ 39142 518 8 one one NN 39142 518 9 , , , 39142 518 10 and and CC 39142 518 11 applies apply VBZ 39142 518 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 518 13 general general JJ 39142 518 14 principles principle NNS 39142 518 15 to to IN 39142 518 16 the the DT 39142 518 17 case case NN 39142 518 18 of of IN 39142 518 19 the the DT 39142 518 20 actual actual JJ 39142 518 21 solar solar JJ 39142 518 22 system system NN 39142 518 23 , , , 39142 518 24 providing provide VBG 39142 518 25 a a DT 39142 518 26 full full JJ 39142 518 27 explanation explanation NN 39142 518 28 of of IN 39142 518 29 the the DT 39142 518 30 motions motion NNS 39142 518 31 of of IN 39142 518 32 all all PDT 39142 518 33 the the DT 39142 518 34 bodies body NNS 39142 518 35 of of IN 39142 518 36 the the DT 39142 518 37 system system NN 39142 518 38 known know VBN 39142 518 39 in in IN 39142 518 40 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 518 41 day day NN 39142 518 42 . . . 39142 519 1 Anyone anyone NN 39142 519 2 who who WP 39142 519 3 critically critically RB 39142 519 4 reads read VBZ 39142 519 5 the the DT 39142 519 6 _ _ NNP 39142 519 7 Principia Principia NNP 39142 519 8 _ _ NNP 39142 519 9 of of IN 39142 519 10 Newton Newton NNP 39142 519 11 will will MD 39142 519 12 be be VB 39142 519 13 forced force VBN 39142 519 14 to to TO 39142 519 15 conclude conclude VB 39142 519 16 that that IN 39142 519 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 519 18 author author NN 39142 519 19 was be VBD 39142 519 20 a a DT 39142 519 21 genius genius NN 39142 519 22 in in IN 39142 519 23 the the DT 39142 519 24 highest high JJS 39142 519 25 sense sense NN 39142 519 26 of of IN 39142 519 27 the the DT 39142 519 28 word word NN 39142 519 29 . . . 39142 520 1 The the DT 39142 520 2 elegance elegance NN 39142 520 3 and and CC 39142 520 4 thoroughness thoroughness NN 39142 520 5 of of IN 39142 520 6 the the DT 39142 520 7 demonstrations demonstration NNS 39142 520 8 , , , 39142 520 9 and and CC 39142 520 10 the the DT 39142 520 11 completeness completeness NN 39142 520 12 of of IN 39142 520 13 application application NN 39142 520 14 of of IN 39142 520 15 the the DT 39142 520 16 law law NN 39142 520 17 of of IN 39142 520 18 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 520 19 are be VBP 39142 520 20 especially especially RB 39142 520 21 impressive impressive JJ 39142 520 22 . . . 39142 521 1 The the DT 39142 521 2 universality universality NN 39142 521 3 of of IN 39142 521 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 521 5 new new JJ 39142 521 6 law law NN 39142 521 7 was be VBD 39142 521 8 the the DT 39142 521 9 feature feature NN 39142 521 10 to to TO 39142 521 11 which which WDT 39142 521 12 he -PRON- PRP 39142 521 13 gave give VBD 39142 521 14 particular particular JJ 39142 521 15 attention attention NN 39142 521 16 . . . 39142 522 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 522 2 was be VBD 39142 522 3 clear clear JJ 39142 522 4 to to IN 39142 522 5 him -PRON- PRP 39142 522 6 that that IN 39142 522 7 the the DT 39142 522 8 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 522 9 of of IN 39142 522 10 a a DT 39142 522 11 planet planet NN 39142 522 12 , , , 39142 522 13 although although IN 39142 522 14 it -PRON- PRP 39142 522 15 acted act VBD 39142 522 16 as as IN 39142 522 17 if if IN 39142 522 18 wholly wholly RB 39142 522 19 concentrated concentrate VBD 39142 522 20 at at IN 39142 522 21 the the DT 39142 522 22 center center NN 39142 522 23 , , , 39142 522 24 was be VBD 39142 522 25 nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 522 26 resident resident NN 39142 522 27 in in IN 39142 522 28 every every DT 39142 522 29 one one CD 39142 522 30 of of IN 39142 522 31 the the DT 39142 522 32 particles particle NNS 39142 522 33 of of IN 39142 522 34 which which WDT 39142 522 35 the the DT 39142 522 36 planet planet NN 39142 522 37 is be VBZ 39142 522 38 composed compose VBN 39142 522 39 . . . 39142 523 1 Indeed indeed RB 39142 523 2 , , , 39142 523 3 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 523 4 universal universal JJ 39142 523 5 law law NN 39142 523 6 was be VBD 39142 523 7 so so RB 39142 523 8 formulated formulate VBN 39142 523 9 as as IN 39142 523 10 to to TO 39142 523 11 make make VB 39142 523 12 every every DT 39142 523 13 particle particle NN 39142 523 14 attract attract VB 39142 523 15 every every DT 39142 523 16 other other JJ 39142 523 17 particle particle NN 39142 523 18 ; ; : 39142 523 19 and and CC 39142 523 20 an an DT 39142 523 21 investigation investigation NN 39142 523 22 known know VBN 39142 523 23 as as IN 39142 523 24 the the DT 39142 523 25 Cavendish cavendish JJ 39142 523 26 experiment experiment NN 39142 523 27 -- -- : 39142 523 28 a a DT 39142 523 29 research research NN 39142 523 30 of of IN 39142 523 31 great great JJ 39142 523 32 delicacy delicacy NN 39142 523 33 of of IN 39142 523 34 manipulation manipulation NN 39142 523 35 -- -- : 39142 523 36 not not RB 39142 523 37 only only RB 39142 523 38 proves prove VBZ 39142 523 39 this this DT 39142 523 40 , , , 39142 523 41 but but CC 39142 523 42 leads lead VBZ 39142 523 43 also also RB 39142 523 44 to to IN 39142 523 45 a a DT 39142 523 46 measurement measurement NN 39142 523 47 of of IN 39142 523 48 the the DT 39142 523 49 earth earth NN 39142 523 50 's 's POS 39142 523 51 mean mean JJ 39142 523 52 density density NN 39142 523 53 , , , 39142 523 54 from from IN 39142 523 55 which which WDT 39142 523 56 we -PRON- PRP 39142 523 57 can can MD 39142 523 58 calculate calculate VB 39142 523 59 approximately approximately RB 39142 523 60 how how WRB 39142 523 61 much much JJ 39142 523 62 the the DT 39142 523 63 earth earth NN 39142 523 64 actually actually RB 39142 523 65 weighs weigh VBZ 39142 523 66 . . . 39142 524 1 Another another DT 39142 524 2 way way NN 39142 524 3 to to TO 39142 524 4 attack attack VB 39142 524 5 the the DT 39142 524 6 same same JJ 39142 524 7 problem problem NN 39142 524 8 is be VBZ 39142 524 9 by by IN 39142 524 10 measuring measure VBG 39142 524 11 the the DT 39142 524 12 attraction attraction NN 39142 524 13 of of IN 39142 524 14 mountains mountain NNS 39142 524 15 , , , 39142 524 16 as as IN 39142 524 17 Maskelyne Maskelyne NNP 39142 524 18 , , , 39142 524 19 Astronomer Astronomer NNP 39142 524 20 Royal Royal NNP 39142 524 21 of of IN 39142 524 22 Scotland Scotland NNP 39142 524 23 did do VBD 39142 524 24 on on IN 39142 524 25 Mount Mount NNP 39142 524 26 Schehallien Schehallien NNP 39142 524 27 in in IN 39142 524 28 Scotland Scotland NNP 39142 524 29 , , , 39142 524 30 which which WDT 39142 524 31 was be VBD 39142 524 32 selected select VBN 39142 524 33 because because IN 39142 524 34 of of IN 39142 524 35 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 524 36 sheer sheer JJ 39142 524 37 isolation isolation NN 39142 524 38 . . . 39142 525 1 The the DT 39142 525 2 attraction attraction NN 39142 525 3 of of IN 39142 525 4 the the DT 39142 525 5 mountain mountain NN 39142 525 6 deflected deflect VBD 39142 525 7 the the DT 39142 525 8 plumb plumb JJ 39142 525 9 - - HYPH 39142 525 10 lines line NNS 39142 525 11 by by IN 39142 525 12 measurable measurable JJ 39142 525 13 amounts amount NNS 39142 525 14 , , , 39142 525 15 the the DT 39142 525 16 volume volume NN 39142 525 17 of of IN 39142 525 18 the the DT 39142 525 19 mountain mountain NN 39142 525 20 was be VBD 39142 525 21 carefully carefully RB 39142 525 22 ascertained ascertain VBN 39142 525 23 by by IN 39142 525 24 surveys survey NNS 39142 525 25 , , , 39142 525 26 and and CC 39142 525 27 geologists geologist NNS 39142 525 28 found find VBD 39142 525 29 out out RP 39142 525 30 what what WP 39142 525 31 rocks rock NNS 39142 525 32 composed compose VBD 39142 525 33 it -PRON- PRP 39142 525 34 . . . 39142 526 1 So so RB 39142 526 2 the the DT 39142 526 3 weight weight NN 39142 526 4 of of IN 39142 526 5 the the DT 39142 526 6 entire entire JJ 39142 526 7 mountain mountain NN 39142 526 8 became become VBD 39142 526 9 pretty pretty RB 39142 526 10 well well RB 39142 526 11 known known JJ 39142 526 12 , , , 39142 526 13 and and CC 39142 526 14 combining combine VBG 39142 526 15 this this DT 39142 526 16 with with IN 39142 526 17 the the DT 39142 526 18 observed observed JJ 39142 526 19 deflection deflection NN 39142 526 20 , , , 39142 526 21 an an DT 39142 526 22 independent independent JJ 39142 526 23 value value NN 39142 526 24 of of IN 39142 526 25 the the DT 39142 526 26 earth earth NN 39142 526 27 's 's POS 39142 526 28 weight weight NN 39142 526 29 was be VBD 39142 526 30 found find VBN 39142 526 31 . . . 39142 527 1 Still still RB 39142 527 2 other other JJ 39142 527 3 methods method NNS 39142 527 4 have have VBP 39142 527 5 been be VBN 39142 527 6 applied apply VBN 39142 527 7 to to IN 39142 527 8 this this DT 39142 527 9 question question NN 39142 527 10 , , , 39142 527 11 and and CC 39142 527 12 as as IN 39142 527 13 an an DT 39142 527 14 average average NN 39142 527 15 it -PRON- PRP 39142 527 16 is be VBZ 39142 527 17 found find VBN 39142 527 18 that that IN 39142 527 19 the the DT 39142 527 20 materials material NNS 39142 527 21 composing compose VBG 39142 527 22 the the DT 39142 527 23 earth earth NN 39142 527 24 are be VBP 39142 527 25 about about RB 39142 527 26 five five CD 39142 527 27 and and CC 39142 527 28 a a DT 39142 527 29 half half NN 39142 527 30 times time NNS 39142 527 31 as as RB 39142 527 32 heavy heavy JJ 39142 527 33 as as IN 39142 527 34 water water NN 39142 527 35 , , , 39142 527 36 and and CC 39142 527 37 the the DT 39142 527 38 total total JJ 39142 527 39 weight weight NN 39142 527 40 of of IN 39142 527 41 the the DT 39142 527 42 earth earth NN 39142 527 43 is be VBZ 39142 527 44 something something NN 39142 527 45 like like IN 39142 527 46 six six CD 39142 527 47 sextillions sextillion NNS 39142 527 48 of of IN 39142 527 49 tons ton NNS 39142 527 50 . . . 39142 528 1 What what WP 39142 528 2 is be VBZ 39142 528 3 the the DT 39142 528 4 true true JJ 39142 528 5 shape shape NN 39142 528 6 of of IN 39142 528 7 the the DT 39142 528 8 earth earth NN 39142 528 9 ? ? . 39142 529 1 And and CC 39142 529 2 does do VBZ 39142 529 3 the the DT 39142 529 4 earth earth NN 39142 529 5 's 's POS 39142 529 6 turning turn VBG 39142 529 7 round round NN 39142 529 8 on on IN 39142 529 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 529 10 axis axi NNS 39142 529 11 affect affect VBP 39142 529 12 this this DT 39142 529 13 shape shape NN 39142 529 14 ? ? . 39142 530 1 Newton Newton NNP 39142 530 2 saw see VBD 39142 530 3 the the DT 39142 530 4 answer answer NN 39142 530 5 to to IN 39142 530 6 these these DT 39142 530 7 questions question NNS 39142 530 8 in in IN 39142 530 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 530 10 law law NN 39142 530 11 of of IN 39142 530 12 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 530 13 . . . 39142 531 1 A a DT 39142 531 2 spherical spherical JJ 39142 531 3 figure figure NN 39142 531 4 followed follow VBD 39142 531 5 as as IN 39142 531 6 a a DT 39142 531 7 matter matter NN 39142 531 8 of of IN 39142 531 9 course course NN 39142 531 10 from from IN 39142 531 11 the the DT 39142 531 12 mutual mutual JJ 39142 531 13 attraction attraction NN 39142 531 14 of of IN 39142 531 15 all all DT 39142 531 16 materials material NNS 39142 531 17 composing compose VBG 39142 531 18 the the DT 39142 531 19 earth earth NN 39142 531 20 , , , 39142 531 21 providing provide VBG 39142 531 22 it -PRON- PRP 39142 531 23 was be VBD 39142 531 24 at at IN 39142 531 25 rest rest NN 39142 531 26 , , , 39142 531 27 or or CC 39142 531 28 did do VBD 39142 531 29 not not RB 39142 531 30 turn turn VB 39142 531 31 round round RB 39142 531 32 on on IN 39142 531 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 531 34 axis axis NN 39142 531 35 . . . 39142 532 1 But but CC 39142 532 2 rotation rotation NN 39142 532 3 bulges bulge VBZ 39142 532 4 it -PRON- PRP 39142 532 5 at at IN 39142 532 6 the the DT 39142 532 7 equator equator NN 39142 532 8 and and CC 39142 532 9 draws draw VBZ 39142 532 10 it -PRON- PRP 39142 532 11 in in RP 39142 532 12 at at IN 39142 532 13 the the DT 39142 532 14 poles pole NNS 39142 532 15 , , , 39142 532 16 by by IN 39142 532 17 an an DT 39142 532 18 amount amount NN 39142 532 19 which which WDT 39142 532 20 calculation calculation NN 39142 532 21 shows show VBZ 39142 532 22 to to TO 39142 532 23 be be VB 39142 532 24 in in IN 39142 532 25 exact exact JJ 39142 532 26 agreement agreement NN 39142 532 27 with with IN 39142 532 28 the the DT 39142 532 29 amount amount NN 39142 532 30 ascertained ascertain VBN 39142 532 31 by by IN 39142 532 32 actual actual JJ 39142 532 33 measurement measurement NN 39142 532 34 of of IN 39142 532 35 the the DT 39142 532 36 earth earth NN 39142 532 37 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 532 38 . . . 39142 533 1 Another another DT 39142 533 2 curious curious JJ 39142 533 3 effect effect NN 39142 533 4 , , , 39142 533 5 not not RB 39142 533 6 at at IN 39142 533 7 first first JJ 39142 533 8 apparent apparent JJ 39142 533 9 , , , 39142 533 10 was be VBD 39142 533 11 that that IN 39142 533 12 all all DT 39142 533 13 bodies body NNS 39142 533 14 carried carry VBN 39142 533 15 from from IN 39142 533 16 high high JJ 39142 533 17 latitudes latitude NNS 39142 533 18 toward toward IN 39142 533 19 the the DT 39142 533 20 equator equator NN 39142 533 21 would would MD 39142 533 22 get get VB 39142 533 23 lighter light JJR 39142 533 24 and and CC 39142 533 25 lighter light JJR 39142 533 26 , , , 39142 533 27 in in IN 39142 533 28 consequence consequence NN 39142 533 29 of of IN 39142 533 30 the the DT 39142 533 31 centrifugal centrifugal JJ 39142 533 32 force force NN 39142 533 33 of of IN 39142 533 34 rotation rotation NN 39142 533 35 . . . 39142 534 1 This this DT 39142 534 2 was be VBD 39142 534 3 unexpectedly unexpectedly RB 39142 534 4 demonstrated demonstrate VBN 39142 534 5 by by IN 39142 534 6 Richer Richer NNP 39142 534 7 when when WRB 39142 534 8 the the DT 39142 534 9 French French NNP 39142 534 10 Academy Academy NNP 39142 534 11 sent send VBD 39142 534 12 him -PRON- PRP 39142 534 13 south south RB 39142 534 14 to to TO 39142 534 15 observe observe VB 39142 534 16 Mars Mars NNP 39142 534 17 in in IN 39142 534 18 1672 1672 CD 39142 534 19 . . . 39142 535 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 535 2 clock clock NN 39142 535 3 had have VBD 39142 535 4 been be VBN 39142 535 5 regulated regulate VBN 39142 535 6 exactly exactly RB 39142 535 7 in in IN 39142 535 8 Paris Paris NNP 39142 535 9 , , , 39142 535 10 and and CC 39142 535 11 he -PRON- PRP 39142 535 12 soon soon RB 39142 535 13 found find VBD 39142 535 14 that that IN 39142 535 15 it -PRON- PRP 39142 535 16 lost lose VBD 39142 535 17 time time NN 39142 535 18 when when WRB 39142 535 19 set set VBN 39142 535 20 up up RP 39142 535 21 at at IN 39142 535 22 Cayenne Cayenne NNP 39142 535 23 . . . 39142 536 1 The the DT 39142 536 2 amount amount NN 39142 536 3 of of IN 39142 536 4 loss loss NN 39142 536 5 was be VBD 39142 536 6 found find VBN 39142 536 7 by by IN 39142 536 8 observation observation NN 39142 536 9 , , , 39142 536 10 and and CC 39142 536 11 it -PRON- PRP 39142 536 12 was be VBD 39142 536 13 exactly exactly RB 39142 536 14 equal equal JJ 39142 536 15 to to IN 39142 536 16 the the DT 39142 536 17 calculated calculated JJ 39142 536 18 effect effect NN 39142 536 19 that that IN 39142 536 20 the the DT 39142 536 21 reduction reduction NN 39142 536 22 of of IN 39142 536 23 gravity gravity NN 39142 536 24 by by IN 39142 536 25 centrifugal centrifugal JJ 39142 536 26 action action NN 39142 536 27 should should MD 39142 536 28 produce produce VB 39142 536 29 . . . 39142 537 1 Also also RB 39142 537 2 Newton Newton NNP 39142 537 3 saw see VBD 39142 537 4 that that IN 39142 537 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 537 6 law law NN 39142 537 7 of of IN 39142 537 8 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 537 9 would would MD 39142 537 10 afford afford VB 39142 537 11 an an DT 39142 537 12 explanation explanation NN 39142 537 13 of of IN 39142 537 14 the the DT 39142 537 15 rise rise NN 39142 537 16 and and CC 39142 537 17 fall fall NN 39142 537 18 of of IN 39142 537 19 the the DT 39142 537 20 tides tide NNS 39142 537 21 . . . 39142 538 1 The the DT 39142 538 2 water water NN 39142 538 3 on on IN 39142 538 4 the the DT 39142 538 5 side side NN 39142 538 6 of of IN 39142 538 7 the the DT 39142 538 8 earth earth NN 39142 538 9 toward toward IN 39142 538 10 the the DT 39142 538 11 moon moon NN 39142 538 12 , , , 39142 538 13 being be VBG 39142 538 14 nearer near JJR 39142 538 15 to to IN 39142 538 16 the the DT 39142 538 17 moon moon NN 39142 538 18 , , , 39142 538 19 would would MD 39142 538 20 be be VB 39142 538 21 more more RBR 39142 538 22 strongly strongly RB 39142 538 23 attracted attracted JJ 39142 538 24 toward toward IN 39142 538 25 it -PRON- PRP 39142 538 26 , , , 39142 538 27 and and CC 39142 538 28 therefore therefore RB 39142 538 29 raised raise VBD 39142 538 30 in in IN 39142 538 31 a a DT 39142 538 32 tide tide NN 39142 538 33 . . . 39142 539 1 And and CC 39142 539 2 the the DT 39142 539 3 water water NN 39142 539 4 on on IN 39142 539 5 the the DT 39142 539 6 farther farther JJ 39142 539 7 side side NN 39142 539 8 of of IN 39142 539 9 the the DT 39142 539 10 earth earth NN 39142 539 11 away away RB 39142 539 12 from from IN 39142 539 13 the the DT 39142 539 14 moon moon NN 39142 539 15 , , , 39142 539 16 being be VBG 39142 539 17 at at IN 39142 539 18 a a DT 39142 539 19 greater great JJR 39142 539 20 distance distance NN 39142 539 21 than than IN 39142 539 22 the the DT 39142 539 23 earth earth NN 39142 539 24 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 539 25 , , , 39142 539 26 the the DT 39142 539 27 moon moon NN 39142 539 28 would would MD 39142 539 29 attract attract VB 39142 539 30 the the DT 39142 539 31 earth earth NN 39142 539 32 more more RBR 39142 539 33 strongly strongly RB 39142 539 34 than than IN 39142 539 35 this this DT 39142 539 36 mass mass NN 39142 539 37 of of IN 39142 539 38 water water NN 39142 539 39 , , , 39142 539 40 tending tend VBG 39142 539 41 therefore therefore RB 39142 539 42 to to TO 39142 539 43 draw draw VB 39142 539 44 the the DT 39142 539 45 earth earth NN 39142 539 46 away away RB 39142 539 47 from from IN 39142 539 48 the the DT 39142 539 49 water water NN 39142 539 50 , , , 39142 539 51 and and CC 39142 539 52 so so RB 39142 539 53 raising raise VBG 39142 539 54 at at IN 39142 539 55 the the DT 39142 539 56 same same JJ 39142 539 57 time time NN 39142 539 58 a a DT 39142 539 59 high high JJ 39142 539 60 tide tide NN 39142 539 61 on on IN 39142 539 62 the the DT 39142 539 63 side side NN 39142 539 64 of of IN 39142 539 65 the the DT 39142 539 66 earth earth NN 39142 539 67 away away RB 39142 539 68 from from IN 39142 539 69 the the DT 39142 539 70 moon moon NN 39142 539 71 . . . 39142 540 1 As as IN 39142 540 2 the the DT 39142 540 3 earth earth NN 39142 540 4 turns turn VBZ 39142 540 5 round round JJ 39142 540 6 on on IN 39142 540 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 540 8 axis axis NN 39142 540 9 , , , 39142 540 10 therefore therefore RB 39142 540 11 , , , 39142 540 12 two two CD 39142 540 13 tidal tidal JJ 39142 540 14 waves wave NNS 39142 540 15 continually continually RB 39142 540 16 follow follow VBP 39142 540 17 each each DT 39142 540 18 other other JJ 39142 540 19 at at IN 39142 540 20 intervals interval NNS 39142 540 21 of of IN 39142 540 22 about about RB 39142 540 23 twelve twelve CD 39142 540 24 hours hour NNS 39142 540 25 . . . 39142 541 1 The the DT 39142 541 2 sun sun NN 39142 541 3 , , , 39142 541 4 too too RB 39142 541 5 , , , 39142 541 6 joins join VBZ 39142 541 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 541 8 gravitating gravitate VBG 39142 541 9 force force NN 39142 541 10 with with IN 39142 541 11 that that DT 39142 541 12 of of IN 39142 541 13 the the DT 39142 541 14 moon moon NN 39142 541 15 , , , 39142 541 16 raising raise VBG 39142 541 17 tides tide VBZ 39142 541 18 nearly nearly RB 39142 541 19 half half NN 39142 541 20 as as RB 39142 541 21 high high JJ 39142 541 22 as as IN 39142 541 23 those those DT 39142 541 24 which which WDT 39142 541 25 the the DT 39142 541 26 moon moon NN 39142 541 27 produces produce VBZ 39142 541 28 , , , 39142 541 29 because because IN 39142 541 30 the the DT 39142 541 31 sun sun NN 39142 541 32 's 's POS 39142 541 33 vaster vaster NN 39142 541 34 mass mass NN 39142 541 35 makes make VBZ 39142 541 36 up up RP 39142 541 37 in in IN 39142 541 38 large large JJ 39142 541 39 part part NN 39142 541 40 for for IN 39142 541 41 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 541 42 much much RB 39142 541 43 greater great JJR 39142 541 44 distance distance NN 39142 541 45 . . . 39142 542 1 At at IN 39142 542 2 first first JJ 39142 542 3 and and CC 39142 542 4 third third JJ 39142 542 5 quarters quarter NNS 39142 542 6 of of IN 39142 542 7 the the DT 39142 542 8 moon moon NN 39142 542 9 , , , 39142 542 10 the the DT 39142 542 11 sun sun NN 39142 542 12 acts act VBZ 39142 542 13 against against IN 39142 542 14 the the DT 39142 542 15 moon moon NN 39142 542 16 , , , 39142 542 17 and and CC 39142 542 18 the the DT 39142 542 19 difference difference NN 39142 542 20 of of IN 39142 542 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 542 22 tide tide NN 39142 542 23 - - HYPH 39142 542 24 producing produce VBG 39142 542 25 forces force NNS 39142 542 26 gives give VBZ 39142 542 27 us -PRON- PRP 39142 542 28 " " `` 39142 542 29 neap neap NNP 39142 542 30 tides tide NNS 39142 542 31 " " '' 39142 542 32 ; ; : 39142 542 33 while while IN 39142 542 34 at at IN 39142 542 35 new new JJ 39142 542 36 moon moon NNP 39142 542 37 and and CC 39142 542 38 full full JJ 39142 542 39 , , , 39142 542 40 sun sun NNP 39142 542 41 and and CC 39142 542 42 moon moon NNP 39142 542 43 act act VB 39142 542 44 together together RB 39142 542 45 , , , 39142 542 46 and and CC 39142 542 47 produce produce VB 39142 542 48 the the DT 39142 542 49 maximum maximum JJ 39142 542 50 effect effect NN 39142 542 51 known know VBN 39142 542 52 as as IN 39142 542 53 " " `` 39142 542 54 spring spring NN 39142 542 55 tides tide NNS 39142 542 56 . . . 39142 542 57 " " '' 39142 543 1 Newton Newton NNP 39142 543 2 passed pass VBD 39142 543 3 on on RP 39142 543 4 to to TO 39142 543 5 explain explain VB 39142 543 6 , , , 39142 543 7 by by IN 39142 543 8 the the DT 39142 543 9 action action NN 39142 543 10 of of IN 39142 543 11 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 543 12 also also RB 39142 543 13 , , , 39142 543 14 the the DT 39142 543 15 precession precession NN 39142 543 16 of of IN 39142 543 17 the the DT 39142 543 18 equinoxes equinox NNS 39142 543 19 , , , 39142 543 20 a a DT 39142 543 21 phenomenon phenomenon NN 39142 543 22 of of IN 39142 543 23 the the DT 39142 543 24 sky sky NN 39142 543 25 discovered discover VBN 39142 543 26 by by IN 39142 543 27 Hipparchus Hipparchus NNP 39142 543 28 , , , 39142 543 29 who who WP 39142 543 30 pretty pretty RB 39142 543 31 well well RB 39142 543 32 ascertained ascertain VBD 39142 543 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 543 34 amount amount NN 39142 543 35 , , , 39142 543 36 although although IN 39142 543 37 no no DT 39142 543 38 reason reason NN 39142 543 39 for for IN 39142 543 40 it -PRON- PRP 39142 543 41 had have VBD 39142 543 42 ever ever RB 39142 543 43 been be VBN 39142 543 44 assigned assign VBN 39142 543 45 . . . 39142 544 1 The the DT 39142 544 2 plane plane NN 39142 544 3 of of IN 39142 544 4 the the DT 39142 544 5 earth earth NN 39142 544 6 's 's POS 39142 544 7 equator equator NN 39142 544 8 extended extend VBN 39142 544 9 to to IN 39142 544 10 the the DT 39142 544 11 celestial celestial JJ 39142 544 12 sphere sphere NN 39142 544 13 marks mark VBZ 39142 544 14 out out RP 39142 544 15 the the DT 39142 544 16 celestial celestial JJ 39142 544 17 equator equator NN 39142 544 18 , , , 39142 544 19 and and CC 39142 544 20 the the DT 39142 544 21 two two CD 39142 544 22 opposite opposite JJ 39142 544 23 points point NNS 39142 544 24 where where WRB 39142 544 25 it -PRON- PRP 39142 544 26 intersects intersect VBZ 39142 544 27 the the DT 39142 544 28 plane plane NN 39142 544 29 of of IN 39142 544 30 the the DT 39142 544 31 ecliptic ecliptic JJ 39142 544 32 , , , 39142 544 33 or or CC 39142 544 34 the the DT 39142 544 35 earth earth NN 39142 544 36 's 's POS 39142 544 37 path path NN 39142 544 38 round round IN 39142 544 39 the the DT 39142 544 40 sun sun NN 39142 544 41 , , , 39142 544 42 are be VBP 39142 544 43 called call VBN 39142 544 44 the the DT 39142 544 45 equinoctial equinoctial JJ 39142 544 46 points point NNS 39142 544 47 , , , 39142 544 48 or or CC 39142 544 49 simply simply RB 39142 544 50 the the DT 39142 544 51 equinoxes equinox NNS 39142 544 52 . . . 39142 545 1 And and CC 39142 545 2 precession precession NN 39142 545 3 of of IN 39142 545 4 the the DT 39142 545 5 equinoxes equinox NNS 39142 545 6 is be VBZ 39142 545 7 the the DT 39142 545 8 motion motion NN 39142 545 9 of of IN 39142 545 10 these these DT 39142 545 11 points point NNS 39142 545 12 westward westward RB 39142 545 13 or or CC 39142 545 14 backward backward RB 39142 545 15 , , , 39142 545 16 about about RB 39142 545 17 50 50 CD 39142 545 18 seconds second NNS 39142 545 19 each each DT 39142 545 20 year year NN 39142 545 21 , , , 39142 545 22 so so IN 39142 545 23 that that IN 39142 545 24 a a DT 39142 545 25 complete complete JJ 39142 545 26 revolution revolution NN 39142 545 27 round round IN 39142 545 28 the the DT 39142 545 29 ecliptic ecliptic NN 39142 545 30 would would MD 39142 545 31 take take VB 39142 545 32 place place NN 39142 545 33 in in IN 39142 545 34 about about RB 39142 545 35 26,000 26,000 CD 39142 545 36 years year NNS 39142 545 37 . . . 39142 546 1 Newton Newton NNP 39142 546 2 saw see VBD 39142 546 3 clearly clearly RB 39142 546 4 how how WRB 39142 546 5 to to TO 39142 546 6 explain explain VB 39142 546 7 this this DT 39142 546 8 : : : 39142 546 9 it -PRON- PRP 39142 546 10 is be VBZ 39142 546 11 simply simply RB 39142 546 12 due due JJ 39142 546 13 to to IN 39142 546 14 the the DT 39142 546 15 attraction attraction NN 39142 546 16 of of IN 39142 546 17 the the DT 39142 546 18 sun sun NN 39142 546 19 's 's POS 39142 546 20 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 546 21 upon upon IN 39142 546 22 the the DT 39142 546 23 protuberant protuberant JJ 39142 546 24 bulge bulge NN 39142 546 25 around around IN 39142 546 26 the the DT 39142 546 27 earth earth NN 39142 546 28 's 's POS 39142 546 29 equator equator NN 39142 546 30 , , , 39142 546 31 acting act VBG 39142 546 32 in in IN 39142 546 33 conjunction conjunction NN 39142 546 34 with with IN 39142 546 35 the the DT 39142 546 36 earth earth NN 39142 546 37 's 's POS 39142 546 38 rotation rotation NN 39142 546 39 on on IN 39142 546 40 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 546 41 axis axis NN 39142 546 42 , , , 39142 546 43 the the DT 39142 546 44 effect effect NN 39142 546 45 being be VBG 39142 546 46 very very RB 39142 546 47 similar similar JJ 39142 546 48 to to IN 39142 546 49 that that DT 39142 546 50 often often RB 39142 546 51 seen see VBN 39142 546 52 in in IN 39142 546 53 a a DT 39142 546 54 spinning spinning JJ 39142 546 55 top top NN 39142 546 56 , , , 39142 546 57 or or CC 39142 546 58 in in IN 39142 546 59 a a DT 39142 546 60 gyroscope gyroscope NN 39142 546 61 . . . 39142 547 1 The the DT 39142 547 2 moon moon NN 39142 547 3 moving move VBG 39142 547 4 near near IN 39142 547 5 the the DT 39142 547 6 ecliptic ecliptic NN 39142 547 7 produces produce VBZ 39142 547 8 a a DT 39142 547 9 precessional precessional JJ 39142 547 10 effect effect NN 39142 547 11 , , , 39142 547 12 as as IN 39142 547 13 also also RB 39142 547 14 do do VBP 39142 547 15 the the DT 39142 547 16 planets planet NNS 39142 547 17 to to IN 39142 547 18 a a DT 39142 547 19 very very RB 39142 547 20 slight slight JJ 39142 547 21 degree degree NN 39142 547 22 ; ; : 39142 547 23 and and CC 39142 547 24 the the DT 39142 547 25 observed observed JJ 39142 547 26 value value NN 39142 547 27 of of IN 39142 547 28 precession precession NN 39142 547 29 is be VBZ 39142 547 30 the the DT 39142 547 31 same same JJ 39142 547 32 as as IN 39142 547 33 that that DT 39142 547 34 calculated calculate VBN 39142 547 35 from from IN 39142 547 36 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 547 37 , , , 39142 547 38 to to IN 39142 547 39 a a DT 39142 547 40 high high JJ 39142 547 41 degree degree NN 39142 547 42 of of IN 39142 547 43 precision precision NN 39142 547 44 . . . 39142 548 1 Newton Newton NNP 39142 548 2 died die VBD 39142 548 3 in in IN 39142 548 4 1727 1727 CD 39142 548 5 , , , 39142 548 6 too too RB 39142 548 7 early early RB 39142 548 8 to to TO 39142 548 9 have have VB 39142 548 10 witnessed witness VBN 39142 548 11 that that IN 39142 548 12 complete complete JJ 39142 548 13 and and CC 39142 548 14 triumphant triumphant JJ 39142 548 15 verification verification NN 39142 548 16 of of IN 39142 548 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 548 18 law law NN 39142 548 19 which which WDT 39142 548 20 ultimately ultimately RB 39142 548 21 has have VBZ 39142 548 22 accounted account VBN 39142 548 23 for for IN 39142 548 24 practically practically RB 39142 548 25 every every DT 39142 548 26 inequality inequality NN 39142 548 27 in in IN 39142 548 28 the the DT 39142 548 29 planetary planetary NN 39142 548 30 motions motion NNS 39142 548 31 caused cause VBN 39142 548 32 by by IN 39142 548 33 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 548 34 mutual mutual JJ 39142 548 35 attractions attraction NNS 39142 548 36 . . . 39142 549 1 The the DT 39142 549 2 problems problem NNS 39142 549 3 involved involve VBN 39142 549 4 are be VBP 39142 549 5 far far RB 39142 549 6 beyond beyond IN 39142 549 7 the the DT 39142 549 8 complexity complexity NN 39142 549 9 of of IN 39142 549 10 those those DT 39142 549 11 which which WDT 39142 549 12 the the DT 39142 549 13 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 549 14 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 549 15 has have VBZ 39142 549 16 to to TO 39142 549 17 deal deal VB 39142 549 18 with with IN 39142 549 19 , , , 39142 549 20 and and CC 39142 549 21 the the DT 39142 549 22 mathematicians mathematician NNS 39142 549 23 of of IN 39142 549 24 France France NNP 39142 549 25 deserve deserve VBP 39142 549 26 the the DT 39142 549 27 highest high JJS 39142 549 28 credit credit NN 39142 549 29 for for IN 39142 549 30 improving improve VBG 39142 549 31 the the DT 39142 549 32 processes process NNS 39142 549 33 of of IN 39142 549 34 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 549 35 science science NN 39142 549 36 so so IN 39142 549 37 that that IN 39142 549 38 obstacles obstacle NNS 39142 549 39 which which WDT 39142 549 40 appeared appear VBD 39142 549 41 insuperable insuperable JJ 39142 549 42 were be VBD 39142 549 43 one one CD 39142 549 44 after after IN 39142 549 45 another another DT 39142 549 46 overcome overcome NN 39142 549 47 . . . 39142 550 1 Newton Newton NNP 39142 550 2 's 's POS 39142 550 3 method method NN 39142 550 4 of of IN 39142 550 5 dealing deal VBG 39142 550 6 with with IN 39142 550 7 these these DT 39142 550 8 problems problem NNS 39142 550 9 was be VBD 39142 550 10 mainly mainly RB 39142 550 11 geometric geometric JJ 39142 550 12 , , , 39142 550 13 and and CC 39142 550 14 the the DT 39142 550 15 insufficiency insufficiency NN 39142 550 16 of of IN 39142 550 17 this this DT 39142 550 18 method method NN 39142 550 19 was be VBD 39142 550 20 apparent apparent JJ 39142 550 21 . . . 39142 551 1 Only only RB 39142 551 2 when when WRB 39142 551 3 the the DT 39142 551 4 French french JJ 39142 551 5 mathematicians mathematician NNS 39142 551 6 began begin VBD 39142 551 7 to to TO 39142 551 8 apply apply VB 39142 551 9 the the DT 39142 551 10 higher high JJR 39142 551 11 methods method NNS 39142 551 12 of of IN 39142 551 13 algebra algebra NN 39142 551 14 was be VBD 39142 551 15 progress progress NN 39142 551 16 toward toward IN 39142 551 17 the the DT 39142 551 18 ultimate ultimate JJ 39142 551 19 goal goal NN 39142 551 20 assured assure VBD 39142 551 21 . . . 39142 552 1 D'Alembert D'Alembert NNP 39142 552 2 and and CC 39142 552 3 Clairaut Clairaut NNP 39142 552 4 for for IN 39142 552 5 a a DT 39142 552 6 time time NN 39142 552 7 were be VBD 39142 552 8 foremost foremost JJ 39142 552 9 in in IN 39142 552 10 these these DT 39142 552 11 researches research NNS 39142 552 12 , , , 39142 552 13 but but CC 39142 552 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 552 15 places place NNS 39142 552 16 were be VBD 39142 552 17 soon soon RB 39142 552 18 taken take VBN 39142 552 19 by by IN 39142 552 20 Lagrange Lagrange NNP 39142 552 21 , , , 39142 552 22 who who WP 39142 552 23 wrote write VBD 39142 552 24 the the DT 39142 552 25 " " `` 39142 552 26 Mécanique Mécanique NNP 39142 552 27 Analytique Analytique NNP 39142 552 28 , , , 39142 552 29 " " '' 39142 552 30 and and CC 39142 552 31 Laplace Laplace NNP 39142 552 32 , , , 39142 552 33 whose whose WP$ 39142 552 34 " " `` 39142 552 35 Mécanique Mécanique NNP 39142 552 36 Céleste Céleste NNP 39142 552 37 " " '' 39142 552 38 is be VBZ 39142 552 39 the the DT 39142 552 40 most most RBS 39142 552 41 celebrated celebrated JJ 39142 552 42 work work NN 39142 552 43 of of IN 39142 552 44 all all DT 39142 552 45 . . . 39142 553 1 In in IN 39142 553 2 large large JJ 39142 553 3 part part NN 39142 553 4 these these DT 39142 553 5 works work NNS 39142 553 6 are be VBP 39142 553 7 the the DT 39142 553 8 basis basis NN 39142 553 9 of of IN 39142 553 10 the the DT 39142 553 11 researches research NNS 39142 553 12 of of IN 39142 553 13 subsequent subsequent JJ 39142 553 14 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 553 15 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 553 16 who who WP 39142 553 17 , , , 39142 553 18 strictly strictly RB 39142 553 19 speaking speak VBG 39142 553 20 , , , 39142 553 21 can can MD 39142 553 22 not not RB 39142 553 23 as as RB 39142 553 24 yet yet RB 39142 553 25 be be VB 39142 553 26 said say VBN 39142 553 27 to to TO 39142 553 28 have have VB 39142 553 29 arrived arrive VBN 39142 553 30 at at IN 39142 553 31 a a DT 39142 553 32 complete complete JJ 39142 553 33 and and CC 39142 553 34 rigorous rigorous JJ 39142 553 35 solution solution NN 39142 553 36 of of IN 39142 553 37 all all PDT 39142 553 38 the the DT 39142 553 39 problems problem NNS 39142 553 40 which which WDT 39142 553 41 the the DT 39142 553 42 mutual mutual JJ 39142 553 43 attractions attraction NNS 39142 553 44 of of IN 39142 553 45 all all PDT 39142 553 46 the the DT 39142 553 47 bodies body NNS 39142 553 48 of of IN 39142 553 49 the the DT 39142 553 50 solar solar JJ 39142 553 51 system system NN 39142 553 52 have have VBP 39142 553 53 originated originate VBN 39142 553 54 . . . 39142 554 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 554 2 may may MD 39142 554 3 well well RB 39142 554 4 be be VB 39142 554 5 that that IN 39142 554 6 even even RB 39142 554 7 the the DT 39142 554 8 mathematics mathematic NNS 39142 554 9 of of IN 39142 554 10 the the DT 39142 554 11 present present JJ 39142 554 12 day day NN 39142 554 13 are be VBP 39142 554 14 incompetent incompetent JJ 39142 554 15 to to IN 39142 554 16 this this DT 39142 554 17 purpose purpose NN 39142 554 18 . . . 39142 555 1 When when WRB 39142 555 2 the the DT 39142 555 3 brilliant brilliant JJ 39142 555 4 genius genius NN 39142 555 5 of of IN 39142 555 6 Sir Sir NNP 39142 555 7 William William NNP 39142 555 8 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 39142 555 9 invented invent VBD 39142 555 10 quaternion quaternion NN 39142 555 11 analysis analysis NN 39142 555 12 and and CC 39142 555 13 showed show VBD 39142 555 14 the the DT 39142 555 15 marvelous marvelous JJ 39142 555 16 facility facility NN 39142 555 17 with with IN 39142 555 18 which which WDT 39142 555 19 it -PRON- PRP 39142 555 20 solved solve VBD 39142 555 21 the the DT 39142 555 22 intricate intricate JJ 39142 555 23 problems problem NNS 39142 555 24 of of IN 39142 555 25 physics physics NN 39142 555 26 , , , 39142 555 27 there there EX 39142 555 28 was be VBD 39142 555 29 the the DT 39142 555 30 expectation expectation NN 39142 555 31 that that IN 39142 555 32 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 555 33 application application NN 39142 555 34 to to IN 39142 555 35 the the DT 39142 555 36 higher high JJR 39142 555 37 problems problem NNS 39142 555 38 of of IN 39142 555 39 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 555 40 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 555 41 might may MD 39142 555 42 effect effect VB 39142 555 43 still still RB 39142 555 44 greater great JJR 39142 555 45 advances advance NNS 39142 555 46 ; ; : 39142 555 47 but but CC 39142 555 48 nothing nothing NN 39142 555 49 in in IN 39142 555 50 that that DT 39142 555 51 direction direction NN 39142 555 52 has have VBZ 39142 555 53 so so RB 39142 555 54 far far RB 39142 555 55 eventuated eventuate VBN 39142 555 56 . . . 39142 556 1 Some some DT 39142 556 2 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 556 3 look look VBP 39142 556 4 for for IN 39142 556 5 the the DT 39142 556 6 invention invention NN 39142 556 7 of of IN 39142 556 8 new new JJ 39142 556 9 functions function NNS 39142 556 10 with with IN 39142 556 11 numerical numerical JJ 39142 556 12 tables table NNS 39142 556 13 bearing bear VBG 39142 556 14 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 556 15 somewhat somewhat RB 39142 556 16 the the DT 39142 556 17 relation relation NN 39142 556 18 to to IN 39142 556 19 present present JJ 39142 556 20 tables table NNS 39142 556 21 of of IN 39142 556 22 logarithms logarithm NNS 39142 556 23 , , , 39142 556 24 sines sine NNS 39142 556 25 , , , 39142 556 26 tangents tangent NNS 39142 556 27 , , , 39142 556 28 and and CC 39142 556 29 so so RB 39142 556 30 on on RB 39142 556 31 , , , 39142 556 32 that that IN 39142 556 33 these these DT 39142 556 34 tables table NNS 39142 556 35 do do VBP 39142 556 36 to to IN 39142 556 37 the the DT 39142 556 38 simple simple JJ 39142 556 39 multiplication multiplication NN 39142 556 40 table table NN 39142 556 41 of of IN 39142 556 42 Pythagoras Pythagoras NNP 39142 556 43 . . . 39142 557 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 557 2 XV XV NNP 39142 557 3 AFTER after IN 39142 557 4 NEWTON NEWTON NNP 39142 557 5 We -PRON- PRP 39142 557 6 have have VBP 39142 557 7 said say VBN 39142 557 8 that that IN 39142 557 9 practically practically RB 39142 557 10 all all PDT 39142 557 11 the the DT 39142 557 12 motions motion NNS 39142 557 13 in in IN 39142 557 14 the the DT 39142 557 15 solar solar JJ 39142 557 16 system system NN 39142 557 17 have have VBP 39142 557 18 been be VBN 39142 557 19 accounted account VBN 39142 557 20 for for IN 39142 557 21 by by IN 39142 557 22 the the DT 39142 557 23 Newtonian newtonian JJ 39142 557 24 law law NN 39142 557 25 of of IN 39142 557 26 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 557 27 . . . 39142 558 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 558 2 will will MD 39142 558 3 be be VB 39142 558 4 of of IN 39142 558 5 interest interest NN 39142 558 6 to to TO 39142 558 7 inquire inquire VB 39142 558 8 into into IN 39142 558 9 the the DT 39142 558 10 instances instance NNS 39142 558 11 that that WDT 39142 558 12 lead lead VBP 39142 558 13 to to IN 39142 558 14 qualification qualification NN 39142 558 15 of of IN 39142 558 16 this this DT 39142 558 17 absolute absolute JJ 39142 558 18 statement statement NN 39142 558 19 . . . 39142 559 1 One one CD 39142 559 2 relates relate VBZ 39142 559 3 to to IN 39142 559 4 the the DT 39142 559 5 planet planet NN 39142 559 6 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 559 7 , , , 39142 559 8 whose whose WP$ 39142 559 9 orbit orbit NN 39142 559 10 or or CC 39142 559 11 path path NN 39142 559 12 round round IN 39142 559 13 the the DT 39142 559 14 sun sun NN 39142 559 15 is be VBZ 39142 559 16 the the DT 39142 559 17 most most RBS 39142 559 18 elliptical elliptical JJ 39142 559 19 of of IN 39142 559 20 all all PDT 39142 559 21 the the DT 39142 559 22 planetary planetary NN 39142 559 23 orbits orbit NNS 39142 559 24 . . . 39142 560 1 This this DT 39142 560 2 will will MD 39142 560 3 be be VB 39142 560 4 explained explain VBN 39142 560 5 a a DT 39142 560 6 little little JJ 39142 560 7 later later RBR 39142 560 8 . . . 39142 561 1 The the DT 39142 561 2 moon moon NN 39142 561 3 has have VBZ 39142 561 4 given give VBN 39142 561 5 the the DT 39142 561 6 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 561 7 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 561 8 more more JJR 39142 561 9 trouble trouble NN 39142 561 10 than than IN 39142 561 11 any any DT 39142 561 12 other other JJ 39142 561 13 of of IN 39142 561 14 the the DT 39142 561 15 celestial celestial JJ 39142 561 16 bodies body NNS 39142 561 17 , , , 39142 561 18 for for IN 39142 561 19 one one CD 39142 561 20 reason reason NN 39142 561 21 because because IN 39142 561 22 it -PRON- PRP 39142 561 23 is be VBZ 39142 561 24 nearest near JJS 39142 561 25 to to IN 39142 561 26 us -PRON- PRP 39142 561 27 and and CC 39142 561 28 very very RB 39142 561 29 minute minute JJ 39142 561 30 deviations deviation NNS 39142 561 31 in in IN 39142 561 32 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 561 33 motion motion NN 39142 561 34 are be VBP 39142 561 35 therefore therefore RB 39142 561 36 detectible detectible JJ 39142 561 37 . . . 39142 562 1 Halley Halley NNP 39142 562 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 562 3 was be VBD 39142 562 4 who who WP 39142 562 5 ascertained ascertain VBD 39142 562 6 two two CD 39142 562 7 centuries century NNS 39142 562 8 ago ago RB 39142 562 9 that that WDT 39142 562 10 the the DT 39142 562 11 moon moon NN 39142 562 12 's 's POS 39142 562 13 motion motion NN 39142 562 14 round round IN 39142 562 15 the the DT 39142 562 16 earth earth NN 39142 562 17 was be VBD 39142 562 18 not not RB 39142 562 19 uniform uniform JJ 39142 562 20 , , , 39142 562 21 but but CC 39142 562 22 subject subject JJ 39142 562 23 to to IN 39142 562 24 a a DT 39142 562 25 slight slight JJ 39142 562 26 acceleration acceleration NN 39142 562 27 which which WDT 39142 562 28 greatly greatly RB 39142 562 29 puzzled puzzle VBD 39142 562 30 Lagrange Lagrange NNP 39142 562 31 and and CC 39142 562 32 Laplace Laplace NNP 39142 562 33 , , , 39142 562 34 because because IN 39142 562 35 they -PRON- PRP 39142 562 36 had have VBD 39142 562 37 proved prove VBN 39142 562 38 exactly exactly RB 39142 562 39 this this DT 39142 562 40 sort sort NN 39142 562 41 of of IN 39142 562 42 thing thing NN 39142 562 43 to to TO 39142 562 44 be be VB 39142 562 45 impossible impossible JJ 39142 562 46 , , , 39142 562 47 unless unless IN 39142 562 48 indeed indeed RB 39142 562 49 the the DT 39142 562 50 body body NN 39142 562 51 in in IN 39142 562 52 question question NN 39142 562 53 should should MD 39142 562 54 be be VB 39142 562 55 acted act VBN 39142 562 56 on on IN 39142 562 57 by by IN 39142 562 58 some some DT 39142 562 59 other other JJ 39142 562 60 force force NN 39142 562 61 than than IN 39142 562 62 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 562 63 . . . 39142 563 1 But but CC 39142 563 2 Laplace Laplace NNP 39142 563 3 finally finally RB 39142 563 4 traced trace VBD 39142 563 5 the the DT 39142 563 6 cause cause NN 39142 563 7 to to IN 39142 563 8 the the DT 39142 563 9 secular secular JJ 39142 563 10 or or CC 39142 563 11 very very RB 39142 563 12 slow slow JJ 39142 563 13 reduction reduction NN 39142 563 14 in in IN 39142 563 15 the the DT 39142 563 16 eccentricity eccentricity NN 39142 563 17 of of IN 39142 563 18 the the DT 39142 563 19 earth earth NN 39142 563 20 's 's POS 39142 563 21 own own JJ 39142 563 22 orbit orbit NN 39142 563 23 . . . 39142 564 1 The the DT 39142 564 2 sun sun NN 39142 564 3 's 's POS 39142 564 4 action action NN 39142 564 5 on on IN 39142 564 6 the the DT 39142 564 7 moon moon NN 39142 564 8 was be VBD 39142 564 9 indeed indeed RB 39142 564 10 progressively progressively RB 39142 564 11 changing change VBG 39142 564 12 from from IN 39142 564 13 century century NN 39142 564 14 to to IN 39142 564 15 century century NN 39142 564 16 in in IN 39142 564 17 such such JJ 39142 564 18 manner manner NN 39142 564 19 as as IN 39142 564 20 to to TO 39142 564 21 accelerate accelerate VB 39142 564 22 the the DT 39142 564 23 moon moon NN 39142 564 24 's 's POS 39142 564 25 own own JJ 39142 564 26 motion motion NN 39142 564 27 in in IN 39142 564 28 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 564 29 orbit orbit NN 39142 564 30 round round IN 39142 564 31 the the DT 39142 564 32 earth earth NN 39142 564 33 . . . 39142 565 1 Adams Adams NNP 39142 565 2 , , , 39142 565 3 the the DT 39142 565 4 eminent eminent JJ 39142 565 5 English English NNP 39142 565 6 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 565 7 , , , 39142 565 8 revised revise VBD 39142 565 9 the the DT 39142 565 10 calculations calculation NNS 39142 565 11 of of IN 39142 565 12 Laplace Laplace NNP 39142 565 13 , , , 39142 565 14 and and CC 39142 565 15 found find VBD 39142 565 16 the the DT 39142 565 17 effect effect NN 39142 565 18 in in IN 39142 565 19 question question NN 39142 565 20 only only RB 39142 565 21 half half RB 39142 565 22 as as RB 39142 565 23 great great JJ 39142 565 24 as as IN 39142 565 25 Laplace Laplace NNP 39142 565 26 had have VBD 39142 565 27 done do VBN 39142 565 28 ; ; : 39142 565 29 and and CC 39142 565 30 for for IN 39142 565 31 years year NNS 39142 565 32 a a DT 39142 565 33 great great JJ 39142 565 34 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 565 35 battle battle NN 39142 565 36 was be VBD 39142 565 37 on on RB 39142 565 38 between between IN 39142 565 39 the the DT 39142 565 40 greatest great JJS 39142 565 41 of of IN 39142 565 42 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 565 43 experts expert NNS 39142 565 44 in in IN 39142 565 45 this this DT 39142 565 46 field field NN 39142 565 47 of of IN 39142 565 48 research research NN 39142 565 49 . . . 39142 566 1 Adams Adams NNP 39142 566 2 , , , 39142 566 3 in in IN 39142 566 4 conjunction conjunction NN 39142 566 5 with with IN 39142 566 6 Delaunay Delaunay NNP 39142 566 7 , , , 39142 566 8 the the DT 39142 566 9 greatest great JJS 39142 566 10 of of IN 39142 566 11 the the DT 39142 566 12 French french JJ 39142 566 13 mathematicians mathematician NNS 39142 566 14 a a DT 39142 566 15 half half JJ 39142 566 16 century century NN 39142 566 17 ago ago RB 39142 566 18 , , , 39142 566 19 won win VBD 39142 566 20 the the DT 39142 566 21 battle battle NN 39142 566 22 in in IN 39142 566 23 so so RB 39142 566 24 far far RB 39142 566 25 as as IN 39142 566 26 the the DT 39142 566 27 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 566 28 calculations calculation NNS 39142 566 29 were be VBD 39142 566 30 concerned concern VBN 39142 566 31 ; ; : 39142 566 32 but but CC 39142 566 33 the the DT 39142 566 34 moon moon NN 39142 566 35 continues continue VBZ 39142 566 36 to to IN 39142 566 37 the the DT 39142 566 38 present present JJ 39142 566 39 day day NN 39142 566 40 her -PRON- PRP$ 39142 566 41 slight slight JJ 39142 566 42 and and CC 39142 566 43 perplexing perplexing NN 39142 566 44 deviation deviation NN 39142 566 45 , , , 39142 566 46 as as IN 39142 566 47 if if IN 39142 566 48 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 566 49 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 566 50 standard standard JJ 39142 566 51 time time NN 39142 566 52 - - HYPH 39142 566 53 keeper keeper NN 39142 566 54 , , , 39142 566 55 the the DT 39142 566 56 earth earth NN 39142 566 57 , , , 39142 566 58 by by IN 39142 566 59 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 566 60 rotation rotation NN 39142 566 61 round round IN 39142 566 62 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 566 63 axis axi NNS 39142 566 64 , , , 39142 566 65 were be VBD 39142 566 66 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 566 67 subject subject JJ 39142 566 68 to to IN 39142 566 69 variation variation NN 39142 566 70 . . . 39142 567 1 Although although IN 39142 567 2 many many JJ 39142 567 3 investigations investigation NNS 39142 567 4 have have VBP 39142 567 5 been be VBN 39142 567 6 made make VBN 39142 567 7 of of IN 39142 567 8 the the DT 39142 567 9 uniformity uniformity NN 39142 567 10 of of IN 39142 567 11 the the DT 39142 567 12 earth earth NN 39142 567 13 's 's POS 39142 567 14 rotation rotation NN 39142 567 15 , , , 39142 567 16 no no DT 39142 567 17 such such JJ 39142 567 18 irregularity irregularity NN 39142 567 19 has have VBZ 39142 567 20 been be VBN 39142 567 21 detected detect VBN 39142 567 22 , , , 39142 567 23 and and CC 39142 567 24 this this DT 39142 567 25 unexplained unexplained JJ 39142 567 26 variation variation NN 39142 567 27 of of IN 39142 567 28 the the DT 39142 567 29 moon moon NN 39142 567 30 's 's POS 39142 567 31 motion motion NN 39142 567 32 is be VBZ 39142 567 33 one one CD 39142 567 34 of of IN 39142 567 35 the the DT 39142 567 36 unsolved unsolved JJ 39142 567 37 problems problem NNS 39142 567 38 of of IN 39142 567 39 the the DT 39142 567 40 gravitational gravitational JJ 39142 567 41 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 567 42 of of IN 39142 567 43 to to IN 39142 567 44 - - HYPH 39142 567 45 day day NN 39142 567 46 . . . 39142 568 1 But but CC 39142 568 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 568 3 are be VBP 39142 568 4 passing pass VBG 39142 568 5 over over RP 39142 568 6 the the DT 39142 568 7 most most RBS 39142 568 8 impressive impressive JJ 39142 568 9 of of IN 39142 568 10 all all PDT 39142 568 11 the the DT 39142 568 12 earlier early JJR 39142 568 13 researches research NNS 39142 568 14 of of IN 39142 568 15 Lagrange Lagrange NNP 39142 568 16 and and CC 39142 568 17 Laplace Laplace NNP 39142 568 18 , , , 39142 568 19 which which WDT 39142 568 20 concerned concern VBD 39142 568 21 the the DT 39142 568 22 exceedingly exceedingly RB 39142 568 23 slow slow JJ 39142 568 24 changes change NNS 39142 568 25 , , , 39142 568 26 technically technically RB 39142 568 27 called call VBD 39142 568 28 the the DT 39142 568 29 secular secular JJ 39142 568 30 variations variation NNS 39142 568 31 of of IN 39142 568 32 the the DT 39142 568 33 elements element NNS 39142 568 34 of of IN 39142 568 35 the the DT 39142 568 36 planetary planetary NN 39142 568 37 orbits orbit NNS 39142 568 38 . . . 39142 569 1 These these DT 39142 569 2 elements element NNS 39142 569 3 are be VBP 39142 569 4 geometrical geometrical JJ 39142 569 5 relations relation NNS 39142 569 6 which which WDT 39142 569 7 indicate indicate VBP 39142 569 8 the the DT 39142 569 9 form form NN 39142 569 10 of of IN 39142 569 11 the the DT 39142 569 12 orbit orbit NN 39142 569 13 , , , 39142 569 14 the the DT 39142 569 15 size size NN 39142 569 16 of of IN 39142 569 17 the the DT 39142 569 18 orbit orbit NN 39142 569 19 , , , 39142 569 20 and and CC 39142 569 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 569 22 position position NN 39142 569 23 in in IN 39142 569 24 space space NN 39142 569 25 ; ; : 39142 569 26 and and CC 39142 569 27 it -PRON- PRP 39142 569 28 was be VBD 39142 569 29 found find VBN 39142 569 30 that that IN 39142 569 31 none none NN 39142 569 32 of of IN 39142 569 33 these these DT 39142 569 34 relations relation NNS 39142 569 35 or or CC 39142 569 36 quantities quantity NNS 39142 569 37 are be VBP 39142 569 38 constant constant JJ 39142 569 39 in in IN 39142 569 40 amount amount NN 39142 569 41 or or CC 39142 569 42 direction direction NN 39142 569 43 , , , 39142 569 44 but but CC 39142 569 45 that that IN 39142 569 46 all all DT 39142 569 47 , , , 39142 569 48 with with IN 39142 569 49 but but CC 39142 569 50 one one CD 39142 569 51 exception exception NN 39142 569 52 , , , 39142 569 53 are be VBP 39142 569 54 subject subject JJ 39142 569 55 to to IN 39142 569 56 very very RB 39142 569 57 slow slow JJ 39142 569 58 , , , 39142 569 59 or or CC 39142 569 60 secular secular JJ 39142 569 61 , , , 39142 569 62 change change NN 39142 569 63 , , , 39142 569 64 or or CC 39142 569 65 oscillation oscillation NN 39142 569 66 . . . 39142 570 1 This this DT 39142 570 2 question question NN 39142 570 3 assumed assume VBD 39142 570 4 an an DT 39142 570 5 alarming alarming JJ 39142 570 6 significance significance NN 39142 570 7 at at IN 39142 570 8 an an DT 39142 570 9 early early JJ 39142 570 10 day day NN 39142 570 11 , , , 39142 570 12 particularly particularly RB 39142 570 13 as as IN 39142 570 14 it -PRON- PRP 39142 570 15 affected affect VBD 39142 570 16 the the DT 39142 570 17 eccentricity eccentricity NN 39142 570 18 of of IN 39142 570 19 the the DT 39142 570 20 earth earth NN 39142 570 21 's 's POS 39142 570 22 orbit orbit NN 39142 570 23 round round IN 39142 570 24 the the DT 39142 570 25 sun sun NN 39142 570 26 . . . 39142 571 1 Should Should MD 39142 571 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 571 3 be be VB 39142 571 4 possible possible JJ 39142 571 5 for for IN 39142 571 6 this this DT 39142 571 7 element element NN 39142 571 8 to to TO 39142 571 9 go go VB 39142 571 10 on on RP 39142 571 11 increasing increase VBG 39142 571 12 for for IN 39142 571 13 indefinite indefinite JJ 39142 571 14 ages age NNS 39142 571 15 , , , 39142 571 16 clearly clearly RB 39142 571 17 the the DT 39142 571 18 earth earth NN 39142 571 19 's 's POS 39142 571 20 orbit orbit NN 39142 571 21 would would MD 39142 571 22 become become VB 39142 571 23 more more RBR 39142 571 24 and and CC 39142 571 25 more more RBR 39142 571 26 elliptical elliptical JJ 39142 571 27 , , , 39142 571 28 and and CC 39142 571 29 the the DT 39142 571 30 sun sun NN 39142 571 31 would would MD 39142 571 32 come come VB 39142 571 33 nearer nearer RB 39142 571 34 and and CC 39142 571 35 nearer nearer VB 39142 571 36 at at IN 39142 571 37 perihelion perihelion NN 39142 571 38 , , , 39142 571 39 and and CC 39142 571 40 the the DT 39142 571 41 earth earth NN 39142 571 42 would would MD 39142 571 43 drift drift VB 39142 571 44 farther far RBR 39142 571 45 and and CC 39142 571 46 farther far RBR 39142 571 47 from from IN 39142 571 48 the the DT 39142 571 49 sun sun NN 39142 571 50 at at IN 39142 571 51 aphelion aphelion NN 39142 571 52 , , , 39142 571 53 until until IN 39142 571 54 the the DT 39142 571 55 extremes extreme NNS 39142 571 56 of of IN 39142 571 57 temperature temperature NN 39142 571 58 would would MD 39142 571 59 bring bring VB 39142 571 60 all all DT 39142 571 61 forms form NNS 39142 571 62 of of IN 39142 571 63 life life NN 39142 571 64 on on IN 39142 571 65 the the DT 39142 571 66 earth earth NN 39142 571 67 to to IN 39142 571 68 an an DT 39142 571 69 end end NN 39142 571 70 . . . 39142 572 1 The the DT 39142 572 2 refined refined JJ 39142 572 3 and and CC 39142 572 4 powerful powerful JJ 39142 572 5 analysis analysis NN 39142 572 6 of of IN 39142 572 7 Lagrange Lagrange NNP 39142 572 8 , , , 39142 572 9 however however RB 39142 572 10 , , , 39142 572 11 soon soon RB 39142 572 12 allayed allay VBD 39142 572 13 the the DT 39142 572 14 fears fear NNS 39142 572 15 of of IN 39142 572 16 humanity humanity NN 39142 572 17 by by IN 39142 572 18 accounting account VBG 39142 572 19 for for IN 39142 572 20 these these DT 39142 572 21 slow slow JJ 39142 572 22 progressive progressive JJ 39142 572 23 changes change NNS 39142 572 24 as as IN 39142 572 25 merely merely RB 39142 572 26 part part NN 39142 572 27 of of IN 39142 572 28 the the DT 39142 572 29 regular regular JJ 39142 572 30 system system NN 39142 572 31 of of IN 39142 572 32 mere mere JJ 39142 572 33 oscillations oscillation NNS 39142 572 34 , , , 39142 572 35 in in IN 39142 572 36 entire entire JJ 39142 572 37 accord accord NN 39142 572 38 with with IN 39142 572 39 the the DT 39142 572 40 operation operation NN 39142 572 41 of of IN 39142 572 42 the the DT 39142 572 43 law law NN 39142 572 44 of of IN 39142 572 45 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 572 46 ; ; , 39142 572 47 and and CC 39142 572 48 extending extend VBG 39142 572 49 throughout throughout IN 39142 572 50 the the DT 39142 572 51 entire entire JJ 39142 572 52 planetary planetary NN 39142 572 53 system system NN 39142 572 54 . . . 39142 573 1 Indeed indeed RB 39142 573 2 , , , 39142 573 3 the the DT 39142 573 4 periods period NNS 39142 573 5 of of IN 39142 573 6 these these DT 39142 573 7 oscillations oscillation NNS 39142 573 8 were be VBD 39142 573 9 so so RB 39142 573 10 vast vast JJ 39142 573 11 that that IN 39142 573 12 none none NN 39142 573 13 of of IN 39142 573 14 them -PRON- PRP 39142 573 15 were be VBD 39142 573 16 shorter short JJR 39142 573 17 than than IN 39142 573 18 50,000 50,000 CD 39142 573 19 years year NNS 39142 573 20 , , , 39142 573 21 while while IN 39142 573 22 they -PRON- PRP 39142 573 23 ranged range VBD 39142 573 24 up up RP 39142 573 25 to to IN 39142 573 26 two two CD 39142 573 27 million million CD 39142 573 28 years year NNS 39142 573 29 in in IN 39142 573 30 length--"great length--"great NN 39142 573 31 clocks clock NNS 39142 573 32 of of IN 39142 573 33 eternity eternity NN 39142 573 34 which which WDT 39142 573 35 beat beat VBD 39142 573 36 ages age NNS 39142 573 37 as as IN 39142 573 38 ours ours PRP$ 39142 573 39 beat beat NN 39142 573 40 seconds second NNS 39142 573 41 . . . 39142 573 42 " " '' 39142 574 1 About about RB 39142 574 2 a a DT 39142 574 3 century century NN 39142 574 4 ago ago RB 39142 574 5 , , , 39142 574 6 an an DT 39142 574 7 eminent eminent JJ 39142 574 8 lecturer lecturer NN 39142 574 9 on on IN 39142 574 10 astronomy astronomy NNP 39142 574 11 told tell VBD 39142 574 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 574 13 audience audience NN 39142 574 14 that that IN 39142 574 15 the the DT 39142 574 16 problem problem NN 39142 574 17 of of IN 39142 574 18 weighing weigh VBG 39142 574 19 the the DT 39142 574 20 planets planet NNS 39142 574 21 might may MD 39142 574 22 readily readily RB 39142 574 23 be be VB 39142 574 24 one one CD 39142 574 25 that that WDT 39142 574 26 would would MD 39142 574 27 seem seem VB 39142 574 28 wholly wholly RB 39142 574 29 impossible impossible JJ 39142 574 30 to to TO 39142 574 31 solve solve VB 39142 574 32 . . . 39142 575 1 To to TO 39142 575 2 measure measure VB 39142 575 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 575 4 sizes size NNS 39142 575 5 and and CC 39142 575 6 distances distance NNS 39142 575 7 might may MD 39142 575 8 well well RB 39142 575 9 be be VB 39142 575 10 done do VBN 39142 575 11 , , , 39142 575 12 but but CC 39142 575 13 actually actually RB 39142 575 14 to to TO 39142 575 15 ascertain ascertain VB 39142 575 16 how how WRB 39142 575 17 many many JJ 39142 575 18 tons ton NNS 39142 575 19 they -PRON- PRP 39142 575 20 weigh weigh VBP 39142 575 21 -- -- : 39142 575 22 never never RB 39142 575 23 ! ! . 39142 576 1 Yet yet CC 39142 576 2 if if IN 39142 576 3 a a DT 39142 576 4 planet planet NN 39142 576 5 is be VBZ 39142 576 6 fortunate fortunate JJ 39142 576 7 enough enough RB 39142 576 8 to to TO 39142 576 9 have have VB 39142 576 10 one one CD 39142 576 11 satellite satellite NN 39142 576 12 or or CC 39142 576 13 more more JJR 39142 576 14 , , , 39142 576 15 the the DT 39142 576 16 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 576 17 's 's POS 39142 576 18 method method NN 39142 576 19 of of IN 39142 576 20 weighing weigh VBG 39142 576 21 the the DT 39142 576 22 planet planet NN 39142 576 23 is be VBZ 39142 576 24 exceedingly exceedingly RB 39142 576 25 simple simple JJ 39142 576 26 ; ; : 39142 576 27 and and CC 39142 576 28 all all PDT 39142 576 29 the the DT 39142 576 30 major major JJ 39142 576 31 planets planet NNS 39142 576 32 have have VBP 39142 576 33 satellites satellite NNS 39142 576 34 except except IN 39142 576 35 the the DT 39142 576 36 two two CD 39142 576 37 interior interior JJ 39142 576 38 ones one NNS 39142 576 39 , , , 39142 576 40 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 576 41 and and CC 39142 576 42 Venus Venus NNP 39142 576 43 . . . 39142 577 1 As as IN 39142 577 2 the the DT 39142 577 3 satellite satellite NN 39142 577 4 travels travel VBZ 39142 577 5 round round VBP 39142 577 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 577 7 primary primary NN 39142 577 8 , , , 39142 577 9 just just RB 39142 577 10 as as IN 39142 577 11 the the DT 39142 577 12 moon moon NN 39142 577 13 does do VBZ 39142 577 14 round round VB 39142 577 15 the the DT 39142 577 16 earth earth NN 39142 577 17 , , , 39142 577 18 two two CD 39142 577 19 elements element NNS 39142 577 20 of of IN 39142 577 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 577 22 orbit orbit NN 39142 577 23 need need VBP 39142 577 24 to to TO 39142 577 25 be be VB 39142 577 26 ascertained ascertain VBN 39142 577 27 , , , 39142 577 28 and and CC 39142 577 29 only only RB 39142 577 30 two two CD 39142 577 31 . . . 39142 578 1 First first RB 39142 578 2 , , , 39142 578 3 the the DT 39142 578 4 mean mean JJ 39142 578 5 distance distance NN 39142 578 6 of of IN 39142 578 7 the the DT 39142 578 8 satellite satellite NN 39142 578 9 from from IN 39142 578 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 578 11 primary primary NN 39142 578 12 , , , 39142 578 13 and and CC 39142 578 14 second second RB 39142 578 15 the the DT 39142 578 16 time time NN 39142 578 17 of of IN 39142 578 18 revolution revolution NN 39142 578 19 round round IN 39142 578 20 it -PRON- PRP 39142 578 21 . . . 39142 579 1 Now now RB 39142 579 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 579 3 is be VBZ 39142 579 4 simply simply RB 39142 579 5 a a DT 39142 579 6 case case NN 39142 579 7 of of IN 39142 579 8 applying apply VBG 39142 579 9 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 579 10 's 's POS 39142 579 11 third third JJ 39142 579 12 law law NN 39142 579 13 . . . 39142 580 1 First first RB 39142 580 2 take take VB 39142 580 3 the the DT 39142 580 4 cube cube NN 39142 580 5 of of IN 39142 580 6 the the DT 39142 580 7 satellite satellite NN 39142 580 8 's 's POS 39142 580 9 distance distance NN 39142 580 10 and and CC 39142 580 11 divide divide VB 39142 580 12 it -PRON- PRP 39142 580 13 by by IN 39142 580 14 the the DT 39142 580 15 square square NN 39142 580 16 of of IN 39142 580 17 the the DT 39142 580 18 time time NN 39142 580 19 of of IN 39142 580 20 revolution revolution NN 39142 580 21 . . . 39142 581 1 Similarly similarly RB 39142 581 2 take take VB 39142 581 3 the the DT 39142 581 4 cube cube NN 39142 581 5 of of IN 39142 581 6 the the DT 39142 581 7 planet planet NN 39142 581 8 's 's POS 39142 581 9 distance distance NN 39142 581 10 from from IN 39142 581 11 the the DT 39142 581 12 sun sun NN 39142 581 13 and and CC 39142 581 14 divide divide NN 39142 581 15 by by IN 39142 581 16 the the DT 39142 581 17 square square NN 39142 581 18 of of IN 39142 581 19 the the DT 39142 581 20 planet planet NN 39142 581 21 's 's POS 39142 581 22 time time NN 39142 581 23 of of IN 39142 581 24 revolution revolution NN 39142 581 25 round round IN 39142 581 26 him -PRON- PRP 39142 581 27 . . . 39142 582 1 The the DT 39142 582 2 proportion proportion NN 39142 582 3 , , , 39142 582 4 then then RB 39142 582 5 , , , 39142 582 6 of of IN 39142 582 7 the the DT 39142 582 8 first first JJ 39142 582 9 quotient quotient NN 39142 582 10 to to IN 39142 582 11 the the DT 39142 582 12 second second NN 39142 582 13 shows show VBZ 39142 582 14 the the DT 39142 582 15 relation relation NN 39142 582 16 of of IN 39142 582 17 the the DT 39142 582 18 mass mass NN 39142 582 19 ( ( -LRB- 39142 582 20 that that DT 39142 582 21 is be VBZ 39142 582 22 the the DT 39142 582 23 weight weight NN 39142 582 24 ) ) -RRB- 39142 582 25 of of IN 39142 582 26 the the DT 39142 582 27 planet planet NN 39142 582 28 to to IN 39142 582 29 that that DT 39142 582 30 of of IN 39142 582 31 the the DT 39142 582 32 sun sun NN 39142 582 33 . . . 39142 583 1 In in IN 39142 583 2 the the DT 39142 583 3 case case NN 39142 583 4 of of IN 39142 583 5 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 583 6 , , , 39142 583 7 we -PRON- PRP 39142 583 8 should should MD 39142 583 9 find find VB 39142 583 10 it -PRON- PRP 39142 583 11 to to TO 39142 583 12 be be VB 39142 583 13 1,050 1,050 CD 39142 583 14 , , , 39142 583 15 in in IN 39142 583 16 that that DT 39142 583 17 of of IN 39142 583 18 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 583 19 3,500 3,500 CD 39142 583 20 , , , 39142 583 21 and and CC 39142 583 22 so so RB 39142 583 23 on on RB 39142 583 24 . . . 39142 584 1 The the DT 39142 584 2 range range NN 39142 584 3 of of IN 39142 584 4 planetary planetary NN 39142 584 5 masses masse NNS 39142 584 6 , , , 39142 584 7 in in IN 39142 584 8 fact fact NN 39142 584 9 , , , 39142 584 10 is be VBZ 39142 584 11 very very RB 39142 584 12 curious curious JJ 39142 584 13 , , , 39142 584 14 and and CC 39142 584 15 is be VBZ 39142 584 16 doubtless doubtless RB 39142 584 17 of of IN 39142 584 18 much much JJ 39142 584 19 significance significance NN 39142 584 20 in in IN 39142 584 21 the the DT 39142 584 22 cosmogony cosmogony NN 39142 584 23 , , , 39142 584 24 with with IN 39142 584 25 which which WDT 39142 584 26 we -PRON- PRP 39142 584 27 deal deal VBP 39142 584 28 later later RB 39142 584 29 . . . 39142 585 1 If if IN 39142 585 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 585 3 consider consider VBP 39142 585 4 the the DT 39142 585 5 sun sun NN 39142 585 6 and and CC 39142 585 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 585 8 eight eight CD 39142 585 9 planets planet NNS 39142 585 10 , , , 39142 585 11 the the DT 39142 585 12 mass mass NN 39142 585 13 or or CC 39142 585 14 weight weight NN 39142 585 15 of of IN 39142 585 16 each each DT 39142 585 17 of of IN 39142 585 18 the the DT 39142 585 19 nine nine CD 39142 585 20 bodies body NNS 39142 585 21 far far RB 39142 585 22 exceeds exceed VBZ 39142 585 23 the the DT 39142 585 24 combined combine VBN 39142 585 25 mass mass NN 39142 585 26 of of IN 39142 585 27 all all PDT 39142 585 28 the the DT 39142 585 29 others other NNS 39142 585 30 which which WDT 39142 585 31 are be VBP 39142 585 32 lighter light JJR 39142 585 33 than than IN 39142 585 34 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 585 35 . . . 39142 586 1 To to TO 39142 586 2 illustrate illustrate VB 39142 586 3 : : : 39142 586 4 suppose suppose VB 39142 586 5 we -PRON- PRP 39142 586 6 take take VBP 39142 586 7 as as IN 39142 586 8 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 586 9 unit unit NN 39142 586 10 of of IN 39142 586 11 weight weight NN 39142 586 12 the the DT 39142 586 13 one one CD 39142 586 14 - - HYPH 39142 586 15 billionth billionth JJ 39142 586 16 part part NN 39142 586 17 of of IN 39142 586 18 the the DT 39142 586 19 sun sun NN 39142 586 20 's 's POS 39142 586 21 weight weight NN 39142 586 22 ; ; : 39142 586 23 then then RB 39142 586 24 the the DT 39142 586 25 planets planet NNS 39142 586 26 in in IN 39142 586 27 the the DT 39142 586 28 order order NN 39142 586 29 of of IN 39142 586 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 586 31 masses masse NNS 39142 586 32 will will MD 39142 586 33 be be VB 39142 586 34 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 586 35 , , , 39142 586 36 Mars Mars NNP 39142 586 37 , , , 39142 586 38 Venus Venus NNP 39142 586 39 , , , 39142 586 40 Earth Earth NNP 39142 586 41 , , , 39142 586 42 Uranus Uranus NNP 39142 586 43 , , , 39142 586 44 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 586 45 , , , 39142 586 46 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 586 47 , , , 39142 586 48 and and CC 39142 586 49 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 586 50 . . . 39142 587 1 According accord VBG 39142 587 2 to to IN 39142 587 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 587 4 relative relative JJ 39142 587 5 masses masse NNS 39142 587 6 , , , 39142 587 7 then then RB 39142 587 8 , , , 39142 587 9 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 587 10 being be VBG 39142 587 11 a a DT 39142 587 12 five five CD 39142 587 13 - - HYPH 39142 587 14 millionth millionth NN 39142 587 15 part part NN 39142 587 16 the the DT 39142 587 17 weight weight NN 39142 587 18 of of IN 39142 587 19 the the DT 39142 587 20 sun sun NN 39142 587 21 will will MD 39142 587 22 be be VB 39142 587 23 represented represent VBN 39142 587 24 by by IN 39142 587 25 200 200 CD 39142 587 26 ; ; : 39142 587 27 similarly similarly RB 39142 587 28 Venus Venus NNP 39142 587 29 , , , 39142 587 30 a a DT 39142 587 31 four four CD 39142 587 32 hundred hundred CD 39142 587 33 and and CC 39142 587 34 twenty twenty CD 39142 587 35 - - HYPH 39142 587 36 five five CD 39142 587 37 thousandth thousandth NN 39142 587 38 part part NN 39142 587 39 by by IN 39142 587 40 2,350 2,350 CD 39142 587 41 , , , 39142 587 42 and and CC 39142 587 43 so so RB 39142 587 44 on on RB 39142 587 45 . . . 39142 588 1 Then then RB 39142 588 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 588 3 have have VBP 39142 588 4 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 588 5 200 200 CD 39142 588 6 Mars Mars NNP 39142 588 7 340 340 CD 39142 588 8 ------ ------ : 39142 588 9 Sum sum NN 39142 588 10 of of IN 39142 588 11 weights weight NNS 39142 588 12 of of IN 39142 588 13 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 588 14 and and CC 39142 588 15 Mars Mars NNP 39142 588 16 540 540 CD 39142 588 17 Venus Venus NNP 39142 588 18 2,350 2,350 CD 39142 588 19 ------ ------ : 39142 588 20 Sum sum NN 39142 588 21 of of IN 39142 588 22 weights weight NNS 39142 588 23 of of IN 39142 588 24 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 588 25 , , , 39142 588 26 Mars Mars NNP 39142 588 27 , , , 39142 588 28 and and CC 39142 588 29 Venus Venus NNP 39142 588 30 2,890 2,890 CD 39142 588 31 The the DT 39142 588 32 Earth Earth NNP 39142 588 33 3,060 3,060 CD 39142 588 34 ------ ------ : 39142 588 35 Sum sum NN 39142 588 36 of of IN 39142 588 37 weights weight NNS 39142 588 38 of of IN 39142 588 39 four four CD 39142 588 40 inner inner JJ 39142 588 41 planets planet NNS 39142 588 42 5,950 5,950 CD 39142 588 43 Uranus uranus NN 39142 588 44 44,250 44,250 CD 39142 588 45 ------ ------ NFP 39142 588 46 Sum sum NN 39142 588 47 of of IN 39142 588 48 weights weight NNS 39142 588 49 of of IN 39142 588 50 five five CD 39142 588 51 planets planet NNS 39142 588 52 50,200 50,200 CD 39142 588 53 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 588 54 51,600 51,600 CD 39142 588 55 ------- ------- NFP 39142 588 56 Sum Sum NNP 39142 588 57 of of IN 39142 588 58 weights weight NNS 39142 588 59 of of IN 39142 588 60 six six CD 39142 588 61 planets planet NNS 39142 588 62 101,800 101,800 CD 39142 588 63 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 588 64 285,580 285,580 CD 39142 588 65 --------- --------- NFP 39142 588 66 Sum Sum NNP 39142 588 67 of of IN 39142 588 68 weights weight NNS 39142 588 69 of of IN 39142 588 70 seven seven CD 39142 588 71 planets planet NNS 39142 588 72 387,380 387,380 CD 39142 588 73 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 588 74 954,300 954,300 CD 39142 588 75 --------- --------- NFP 39142 588 76 Sum sum NN 39142 588 77 of of IN 39142 588 78 weights weight NNS 39142 588 79 of of IN 39142 588 80 all all PDT 39142 588 81 the the DT 39142 588 82 planets planet NNS 39142 588 83 1,341,680 1,341,680 CD 39142 588 84 Mass mass NN 39142 588 85 or or CC 39142 588 86 weight weight NN 39142 588 87 of of IN 39142 588 88 the the DT 39142 588 89 sun sun NN 39142 588 90 1,000,000,000 1,000,000,000 CD 39142 588 91 Curious curious JJ 39142 588 92 and and CC 39142 588 93 interesting interesting JJ 39142 588 94 it -PRON- PRP 39142 588 95 is be VBZ 39142 588 96 that that IN 39142 588 97 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 588 98 is be VBZ 39142 588 99 nearly nearly RB 39142 588 100 three three CD 39142 588 101 times time NNS 39142 588 102 as as RB 39142 588 103 heavy heavy JJ 39142 588 104 as as IN 39142 588 105 the the DT 39142 588 106 six six CD 39142 588 107 lighter light JJR 39142 588 108 planets planet NNS 39142 588 109 taken take VBN 39142 588 110 together together RB 39142 588 111 , , , 39142 588 112 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 588 113 between between IN 39142 588 114 two two CD 39142 588 115 and and CC 39142 588 116 three three CD 39142 588 117 times time NNS 39142 588 118 heavier heavy JJR 39142 588 119 than than IN 39142 588 120 all all PDT 39142 588 121 the the DT 39142 588 122 other other JJ 39142 588 123 planets planet NNS 39142 588 124 combined combine VBN 39142 588 125 , , , 39142 588 126 while while IN 39142 588 127 the the DT 39142 588 128 sun sun NN 39142 588 129 's 's POS 39142 588 130 mass mass NN 39142 588 131 is be VBZ 39142 588 132 750 750 CD 39142 588 133 times time NNS 39142 588 134 that that DT 39142 588 135 of of IN 39142 588 136 all all PDT 39142 588 137 the the DT 39142 588 138 great great JJ 39142 588 139 planets planet NNS 39142 588 140 of of IN 39142 588 141 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 588 142 system system NN 39142 588 143 rolled roll VBD 39142 588 144 into into IN 39142 588 145 one one CD 39142 588 146 . . . 39142 589 1 All all PDT 39142 589 2 the the DT 39142 589 3 foregoing foregoing NN 39142 589 4 masses masse NNS 39142 589 5 , , , 39142 589 6 except except IN 39142 589 7 those those DT 39142 589 8 of of IN 39142 589 9 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 589 10 and and CC 39142 589 11 Venus Venus NNP 39142 589 12 , , , 39142 589 13 are be VBP 39142 589 14 pretty pretty RB 39142 589 15 accurately accurately RB 39142 589 16 known know VBN 39142 589 17 because because IN 39142 589 18 they -PRON- PRP 39142 589 19 were be VBD 39142 589 20 found find VBN 39142 589 21 by by IN 39142 589 22 the the DT 39142 589 23 satellite satellite NN 39142 589 24 method method NN 39142 589 25 just just RB 39142 589 26 indicated indicate VBD 39142 589 27 . . . 39142 590 1 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 590 2 's 's POS 39142 590 3 mass mass NN 39142 590 4 is be VBZ 39142 590 5 found find VBN 39142 590 6 by by IN 39142 590 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 590 8 disturbing disturbing JJ 39142 590 9 effects effect NNS 39142 590 10 on on IN 39142 590 11 Encke Encke NNP 39142 590 12 's 's POS 39142 590 13 comet comet NN 39142 590 14 whenever whenever WRB 39142 590 15 it -PRON- PRP 39142 590 16 approaches approach VBZ 39142 590 17 very very RB 39142 590 18 near near RB 39142 590 19 . . . 39142 591 1 The the DT 39142 591 2 mass mass NN 39142 591 3 of of IN 39142 591 4 Venus Venus NNP 39142 591 5 is be VBZ 39142 591 6 ascertained ascertain VBN 39142 591 7 by by IN 39142 591 8 the the DT 39142 591 9 perturbations perturbation NNS 39142 591 10 in in IN 39142 591 11 the the DT 39142 591 12 orbital orbital JJ 39142 591 13 motion motion NN 39142 591 14 of of IN 39142 591 15 the the DT 39142 591 16 earth earth NN 39142 591 17 . . . 39142 592 1 In in IN 39142 592 2 such such JJ 39142 592 3 cases case NNS 39142 592 4 the the DT 39142 592 5 Newtonian newtonian JJ 39142 592 6 law law NN 39142 592 7 of of IN 39142 592 8 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 592 9 forms form VBZ 39142 592 10 the the DT 39142 592 11 basis basis NN 39142 592 12 of of IN 39142 592 13 the the DT 39142 592 14 intricate intricate JJ 39142 592 15 and and CC 39142 592 16 tedious tedious JJ 39142 592 17 calculations calculation NNS 39142 592 18 necessary necessary JJ 39142 592 19 to to TO 39142 592 20 find find VB 39142 592 21 out out RP 39142 592 22 the the DT 39142 592 23 mass mass NN 39142 592 24 by by IN 39142 592 25 this this DT 39142 592 26 indirect indirect JJ 39142 592 27 method method NN 39142 592 28 . . . 39142 593 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 593 2 inferiority inferiority NN 39142 593 3 to to IN 39142 593 4 the the DT 39142 593 5 satellite satellite NN 39142 593 6 method method NN 39142 593 7 was be VBD 39142 593 8 strikingly strikingly RB 39142 593 9 shown show VBN 39142 593 10 at at IN 39142 593 11 the the DT 39142 593 12 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 593 13 in in IN 39142 593 14 Washington Washington NNP 39142 593 15 soon soon RB 39142 593 16 after after IN 39142 593 17 the the DT 39142 593 18 satellites satellite NNS 39142 593 19 of of IN 39142 593 20 Mars Mars NNP 39142 593 21 were be VBD 39142 593 22 discovered discover VBN 39142 593 23 in in IN 39142 593 24 1877 1877 CD 39142 593 25 . . . 39142 594 1 The the DT 39142 594 2 inaccurate inaccurate JJ 39142 594 3 mass mass NN 39142 594 4 of of IN 39142 594 5 that that DT 39142 594 6 planet planet NN 39142 594 7 , , , 39142 594 8 as as IN 39142 594 9 previously previously RB 39142 594 10 known know VBN 39142 594 11 by by IN 39142 594 12 months month NNS 39142 594 13 of of IN 39142 594 14 computation computation NN 39142 594 15 based base VBN 39142 594 16 upon upon IN 39142 594 17 years year NNS 39142 594 18 and and CC 39142 594 19 years year NNS 39142 594 20 of of IN 39142 594 21 observation observation NN 39142 594 22 , , , 39142 594 23 was be VBD 39142 594 24 immediately immediately RB 39142 594 25 discarded discard VBN 39142 594 26 in in IN 39142 594 27 favor favor NN 39142 594 28 of of IN 39142 594 29 the the DT 39142 594 30 new new JJ 39142 594 31 mass mass NN 39142 594 32 derived derive VBN 39142 594 33 from from IN 39142 594 34 the the DT 39142 594 35 distance distance NN 39142 594 36 and and CC 39142 594 37 period period NN 39142 594 38 of of IN 39142 594 39 the the DT 39142 594 40 outer outer NNP 39142 594 41 satellite satellite NN 39142 594 42 by by IN 39142 594 43 only only RB 39142 594 44 a a DT 39142 594 45 few few JJ 39142 594 46 minutes minute NNS 39142 594 47 ' ' POS 39142 594 48 calculation calculation NN 39142 594 49 . . . 39142 595 1 In in IN 39142 595 2 weighing weigh VBG 39142 595 3 the the DT 39142 595 4 planets planet NNS 39142 595 5 , , , 39142 595 6 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 595 7 always always RB 39142 595 8 use use VBP 39142 595 9 the the DT 39142 595 10 sun sun NN 39142 595 11 as as IN 39142 595 12 the the DT 39142 595 13 unit unit NN 39142 595 14 . . . 39142 596 1 What what WP 39142 596 2 then then RB 39142 596 3 is be VBZ 39142 596 4 the the DT 39142 596 5 sun sun NN 39142 596 6 's 's POS 39142 596 7 own own JJ 39142 596 8 weight weight NN 39142 596 9 ? ? . 39142 597 1 Obviously obviously RB 39142 597 2 the the DT 39142 597 3 law law NN 39142 597 4 of of IN 39142 597 5 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 597 6 answers answer NNS 39142 597 7 this this DT 39142 597 8 question question NN 39142 597 9 , , , 39142 597 10 if if IN 39142 597 11 we -PRON- PRP 39142 597 12 compare compare VBP 39142 597 13 the the DT 39142 597 14 sun sun NN 39142 597 15 's 's POS 39142 597 16 attraction attraction NN 39142 597 17 with with IN 39142 597 18 the the DT 39142 597 19 earth earth NN 39142 597 20 's 's POS 39142 597 21 at at IN 39142 597 22 equal equal JJ 39142 597 23 distances distance NNS 39142 597 24 . . . 39142 598 1 First first RB 39142 598 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 598 3 conceive conceive VBP 39142 598 4 of of IN 39142 598 5 the the DT 39142 598 6 sun sun NN 39142 598 7 's 's POS 39142 598 8 mass mass NN 39142 598 9 as as IN 39142 598 10 if if IN 39142 598 11 all all DT 39142 598 12 compressed compress VBD 39142 598 13 into into IN 39142 598 14 a a DT 39142 598 15 globe globe NN 39142 598 16 the the DT 39142 598 17 size size NN 39142 598 18 of of IN 39142 598 19 the the DT 39142 598 20 earth earth NN 39142 598 21 , , , 39142 598 22 and and CC 39142 598 23 calculate calculate VB 39142 598 24 how how WRB 39142 598 25 far far RB 39142 598 26 a a DT 39142 598 27 body body NN 39142 598 28 at at IN 39142 598 29 the the DT 39142 598 30 surface surface NN 39142 598 31 of of IN 39142 598 32 this this DT 39142 598 33 globe globe NN 39142 598 34 would would MD 39142 598 35 fall fall VB 39142 598 36 in in IN 39142 598 37 one one CD 39142 598 38 second second NN 39142 598 39 . . . 39142 599 1 The the DT 39142 599 2 relation relation NN 39142 599 3 of of IN 39142 599 4 this this DT 39142 599 5 number number NN 39142 599 6 to to IN 39142 599 7 16.1 16.1 CD 39142 599 8 feet foot NNS 39142 599 9 , , , 39142 599 10 the the DT 39142 599 11 distance distance NN 39142 599 12 a a DT 39142 599 13 body body NN 39142 599 14 falls fall VBZ 39142 599 15 in in IN 39142 599 16 one one CD 39142 599 17 second second NN 39142 599 18 on on IN 39142 599 19 the the DT 39142 599 20 actual actual JJ 39142 599 21 earth earth NN 39142 599 22 , , , 39142 599 23 is be VBZ 39142 599 24 about about RB 39142 599 25 330,000 330,000 CD 39142 599 26 , , , 39142 599 27 which which WDT 39142 599 28 is be VBZ 39142 599 29 therefore therefore RB 39142 599 30 the the DT 39142 599 31 number number NN 39142 599 32 of of IN 39142 599 33 times time NNS 39142 599 34 the the DT 39142 599 35 sun sun NN 39142 599 36 's 's POS 39142 599 37 weight weight NN 39142 599 38 exceeds exceed VBZ 39142 599 39 that that DT 39142 599 40 of of IN 39142 599 41 the the DT 39142 599 42 earth earth NN 39142 599 43 . . . 39142 600 1 A a DT 39142 600 2 word word NN 39142 600 3 may may MD 39142 600 4 be be VB 39142 600 5 added add VBN 39142 600 6 regarding regard VBG 39142 600 7 the the DT 39142 600 8 force force NN 39142 600 9 of of IN 39142 600 10 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 600 11 and and CC 39142 600 12 what what WP 39142 600 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 600 14 really really RB 39142 600 15 is be VBZ 39142 600 16 . . . 39142 601 1 As as IN 39142 601 2 a a DT 39142 601 3 matter matter NN 39142 601 4 of of IN 39142 601 5 fact fact NN 39142 601 6 Newton Newton NNP 39142 601 7 did do VBD 39142 601 8 not not RB 39142 601 9 concern concern VB 39142 601 10 himself -PRON- PRP 39142 601 11 in in IN 39142 601 12 the the DT 39142 601 13 least least JJS 39142 601 14 with with IN 39142 601 15 this this DT 39142 601 16 inquiry inquiry NN 39142 601 17 , , , 39142 601 18 and and CC 39142 601 19 says say VBZ 39142 601 20 so so RB 39142 601 21 very very RB 39142 601 22 definitely definitely RB 39142 601 23 . . . 39142 602 1 What what WP 39142 602 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 602 3 did do VBD 39142 602 4 was be VBD 39142 602 5 to to TO 39142 602 6 discover discover VB 39142 602 7 the the DT 39142 602 8 law law NN 39142 602 9 according accord VBG 39142 602 10 to to IN 39142 602 11 which which WDT 39142 602 12 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 602 13 acts act NNS 39142 602 14 everywhere everywhere RB 39142 602 15 throughout throughout IN 39142 602 16 the the DT 39142 602 17 solar solar JJ 39142 602 18 system system NN 39142 602 19 . . . 39142 603 1 And and CC 39142 603 2 although although IN 39142 603 3 many many JJ 39142 603 4 physicists physicist NNS 39142 603 5 have have VBP 39142 603 6 endeavored endeavor VBN 39142 603 7 to to TO 39142 603 8 find find VB 39142 603 9 out out RP 39142 603 10 what what WP 39142 603 11 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 603 12 really really RB 39142 603 13 is be VBZ 39142 603 14 , , , 39142 603 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 603 16 cause cause NN 39142 603 17 is be VBZ 39142 603 18 not not RB 39142 603 19 yet yet RB 39142 603 20 known know VBN 39142 603 21 . . . 39142 604 1 In in IN 39142 604 2 some some DT 39142 604 3 manner manner NN 39142 604 4 as as IN 39142 604 5 yet yet RB 39142 604 6 mysterious mysterious JJ 39142 604 7 it -PRON- PRP 39142 604 8 acts act VBZ 39142 604 9 instantaneously instantaneously RB 39142 604 10 over over IN 39142 604 11 distances distance NNS 39142 604 12 great great JJ 39142 604 13 and and CC 39142 604 14 small small JJ 39142 604 15 alike alike RB 39142 604 16 , , , 39142 604 17 and and CC 39142 604 18 no no DT 39142 604 19 substance substance NN 39142 604 20 has have VBZ 39142 604 21 been be VBN 39142 604 22 found find VBN 39142 604 23 which which WDT 39142 604 24 , , , 39142 604 25 if if IN 39142 604 26 we -PRON- PRP 39142 604 27 interpose interpose VBP 39142 604 28 it -PRON- PRP 39142 604 29 between between IN 39142 604 30 two two CD 39142 604 31 bodies body NNS 39142 604 32 , , , 39142 604 33 has have VBZ 39142 604 34 in in IN 39142 604 35 any any DT 39142 604 36 degree degree NN 39142 604 37 the the DT 39142 604 38 effect effect NN 39142 604 39 of of IN 39142 604 40 interrupting interrupt VBG 39142 604 41 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 604 42 gravitational gravitational JJ 39142 604 43 tendency tendency NN 39142 604 44 toward toward IN 39142 604 45 each each DT 39142 604 46 other other JJ 39142 604 47 . . . 39142 605 1 While while IN 39142 605 2 the the DT 39142 605 3 Newtonian newtonian JJ 39142 605 4 law law NN 39142 605 5 of of IN 39142 605 6 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 605 7 has have VBZ 39142 605 8 been be VBN 39142 605 9 accepted accept VBN 39142 605 10 as as IN 39142 605 11 true true JJ 39142 605 12 because because IN 39142 605 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 605 14 explained explain VBD 39142 605 15 and and CC 39142 605 16 accounted account VBD 39142 605 17 for for IN 39142 605 18 all all PDT 39142 605 19 the the DT 39142 605 20 motions motion NNS 39142 605 21 of of IN 39142 605 22 the the DT 39142 605 23 heavenly heavenly JJ 39142 605 24 bodies body NNS 39142 605 25 , , , 39142 605 26 even even RB 39142 605 27 including include VBG 39142 605 28 such such JJ 39142 605 29 motions motion NNS 39142 605 30 of of IN 39142 605 31 the the DT 39142 605 32 stars star NNS 39142 605 33 as as IN 39142 605 34 have have VBP 39142 605 35 been be VBN 39142 605 36 subjected subject VBN 39142 605 37 to to IN 39142 605 38 observation observation NN 39142 605 39 , , , 39142 605 40 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 605 41 have have VBP 39142 605 42 for for IN 39142 605 43 a a DT 39142 605 44 long long JJ 39142 605 45 time time NN 39142 605 46 recognized recognize VBD 39142 605 47 that that IN 39142 605 48 quite quite RB 39142 605 49 possibly possibly RB 39142 605 50 the the DT 39142 605 51 law law NN 39142 605 52 might may MD 39142 605 53 not not RB 39142 605 54 be be VB 39142 605 55 absolutely absolutely RB 39142 605 56 exact exact JJ 39142 605 57 in in IN 39142 605 58 a a DT 39142 605 59 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 605 60 sense sense NN 39142 605 61 , , , 39142 605 62 and and CC 39142 605 63 that that IN 39142 605 64 deviations deviation NNS 39142 605 65 from from IN 39142 605 66 it -PRON- PRP 39142 605 67 would would MD 39142 605 68 surely surely RB 39142 605 69 make make VB 39142 605 70 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 605 71 appearance appearance NN 39142 605 72 in in IN 39142 605 73 time time NN 39142 605 74 . . . 39142 606 1 A a DT 39142 606 2 crude crude JJ 39142 606 3 instance instance NN 39142 606 4 of of IN 39142 606 5 this this DT 39142 606 6 was be VBD 39142 606 7 suggested suggest VBN 39142 606 8 about about IN 39142 606 9 a a DT 39142 606 10 century century NN 39142 606 11 ago ago RB 39142 606 12 , , , 39142 606 13 when when WRB 39142 606 14 the the DT 39142 606 15 planet planet NN 39142 606 16 Uranus uranus NN 39142 606 17 was be VBD 39142 606 18 found find VBN 39142 606 19 to to TO 39142 606 20 be be VB 39142 606 21 deviating deviate VBG 39142 606 22 from from IN 39142 606 23 the the DT 39142 606 24 path path NN 39142 606 25 marked mark VBN 39142 606 26 out out RP 39142 606 27 for for IN 39142 606 28 it -PRON- PRP 39142 606 29 by by IN 39142 606 30 Bouvard Bouvard NNP 39142 606 31 's 's POS 39142 606 32 tables table NNS 39142 606 33 based base VBN 39142 606 34 on on IN 39142 606 35 the the DT 39142 606 36 Newtonian newtonian JJ 39142 606 37 law law NN 39142 606 38 ; ; : 39142 606 39 and and CC 39142 606 40 the the DT 39142 606 41 theory theory NN 39142 606 42 was be VBD 39142 606 43 advocated advocate VBN 39142 606 44 by by IN 39142 606 45 many many JJ 39142 606 46 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 606 47 that that WDT 39142 606 48 this this DT 39142 606 49 law law NN 39142 606 50 , , , 39142 606 51 while while IN 39142 606 52 operant operant JJ 39142 606 53 at at IN 39142 606 54 the the DT 39142 606 55 medium medium JJ 39142 606 56 distances distance NNS 39142 606 57 from from IN 39142 606 58 the the DT 39142 606 59 sun sun NN 39142 606 60 where where WRB 39142 606 61 the the DT 39142 606 62 planets planet NNS 39142 606 63 within within IN 39142 606 64 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 606 65 and and CC 39142 606 66 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 606 67 travel travel NN 39142 606 68 , , , 39142 606 69 could could MD 39142 606 70 not not RB 39142 606 71 be be VB 39142 606 72 expected expect VBN 39142 606 73 to to TO 39142 606 74 hold hold VB 39142 606 75 absolutely absolutely RB 39142 606 76 true true JJ 39142 606 77 at at IN 39142 606 78 the the DT 39142 606 79 vast vast JJ 39142 606 80 distance distance NN 39142 606 81 of of IN 39142 606 82 Uranus Uranus NNP 39142 606 83 and and CC 39142 606 84 beyond beyond RB 39142 606 85 . . . 39142 607 1 The the DT 39142 607 2 discovery discovery NN 39142 607 3 of of IN 39142 607 4 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 607 5 in in IN 39142 607 6 1846 1846 CD 39142 607 7 , , , 39142 607 8 however however RB 39142 607 9 , , , 39142 607 10 put put VB 39142 607 11 an an DT 39142 607 12 end end NN 39142 607 13 to to IN 39142 607 14 all all DT 39142 607 15 such such JJ 39142 607 16 speculation speculation NN 39142 607 17 , , , 39142 607 18 and and CC 39142 607 19 has have VBZ 39142 607 20 universally universally RB 39142 607 21 been be VBN 39142 607 22 regarded regard VBN 39142 607 23 as as IN 39142 607 24 an an DT 39142 607 25 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 39142 607 26 verification verification NN 39142 607 27 of of IN 39142 607 28 the the DT 39142 607 29 law law NN 39142 607 30 , , , 39142 607 31 as as RB 39142 607 32 indeed indeed RB 39142 607 33 it -PRON- PRP 39142 607 34 is be VBZ 39142 607 35 . . . 39142 608 1 When when WRB 39142 608 2 , , , 39142 608 3 however however RB 39142 608 4 , , , 39142 608 5 Le Le NNP 39142 608 6 Verrier Verrier NNP 39142 608 7 investigated investigate VBD 39142 608 8 the the DT 39142 608 9 orbit orbit NN 39142 608 10 of of IN 39142 608 11 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 608 12 he -PRON- PRP 39142 608 13 found find VBD 39142 608 14 an an DT 39142 608 15 excess excess NN 39142 608 16 of of IN 39142 608 17 motion motion NN 39142 608 18 in in IN 39142 608 19 the the DT 39142 608 20 perihelion perihelion NN 39142 608 21 point point NN 39142 608 22 of of IN 39142 608 23 the the DT 39142 608 24 planet planet NN 39142 608 25 's 's POS 39142 608 26 orbit orbit NN 39142 608 27 which which WDT 39142 608 28 neither neither CC 39142 608 29 he -PRON- PRP 39142 608 30 nor nor CC 39142 608 31 subsequent subsequent JJ 39142 608 32 investigators investigator NNS 39142 608 33 have have VBP 39142 608 34 been be VBN 39142 608 35 able able JJ 39142 608 36 to to TO 39142 608 37 account account VB 39142 608 38 for for IN 39142 608 39 by by IN 39142 608 40 Newtonian newtonian JJ 39142 608 41 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 608 42 , , , 39142 608 43 pure pure JJ 39142 608 44 and and CC 39142 608 45 simple simple JJ 39142 608 46 . . . 39142 609 1 If if IN 39142 609 2 Newton Newton NNP 39142 609 3 's 's POS 39142 609 4 theory theory NN 39142 609 5 is be VBZ 39142 609 6 absolutely absolutely RB 39142 609 7 true true JJ 39142 609 8 , , , 39142 609 9 the the DT 39142 609 10 excess excess JJ 39142 609 11 motion motion NN 39142 609 12 of of IN 39142 609 13 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 609 14 's 's POS 39142 609 15 perihelion perihelion NN 39142 609 16 remains remain VBZ 39142 609 17 a a DT 39142 609 18 mystery mystery NN 39142 609 19 . . . 39142 610 1 Only only RB 39142 610 2 one one CD 39142 610 3 theory theory NN 39142 610 4 has have VBZ 39142 610 5 been be VBN 39142 610 6 advanced advance VBN 39142 610 7 to to TO 39142 610 8 account account VB 39142 610 9 for for IN 39142 610 10 this this DT 39142 610 11 discrepancy discrepancy NN 39142 610 12 , , , 39142 610 13 and and CC 39142 610 14 that that DT 39142 610 15 is be VBZ 39142 610 16 the the DT 39142 610 17 Einstein Einstein NNP 39142 610 18 theory theory NN 39142 610 19 of of IN 39142 610 20 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 610 21 . . . 39142 611 1 This this DT 39142 611 2 ingenious ingenious JJ 39142 611 3 speculation speculation NN 39142 611 4 was be VBD 39142 611 5 first first RB 39142 611 6 propounded propound VBN 39142 611 7 in in IN 39142 611 8 comprehensive comprehensive JJ 39142 611 9 form form NN 39142 611 10 nearly nearly RB 39142 611 11 fifteen fifteen CD 39142 611 12 years year NNS 39142 611 13 ago ago RB 39142 611 14 , , , 39142 611 15 and and CC 39142 611 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 611 17 author author NN 39142 611 18 has have VBZ 39142 611 19 developed develop VBN 39142 611 20 from from IN 39142 611 21 it -PRON- PRP 39142 611 22 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 611 23 formulæ formulæ NN 39142 611 24 which which WDT 39142 611 25 appear appear VBP 39142 611 26 to to TO 39142 611 27 yield yield VB 39142 611 28 results result NNS 39142 611 29 even even RB 39142 611 30 more more RBR 39142 611 31 precise precise JJ 39142 611 32 than than IN 39142 611 33 those those DT 39142 611 34 based base VBN 39142 611 35 on on IN 39142 611 36 the the DT 39142 611 37 Newtonian newtonian JJ 39142 611 38 theory theory NN 39142 611 39 . . . 39142 612 1 In in IN 39142 612 2 expressing express VBG 39142 612 3 the the DT 39142 612 4 difference difference NN 39142 612 5 between between IN 39142 612 6 the the DT 39142 612 7 law law NN 39142 612 8 of of IN 39142 612 9 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 612 10 and and CC 39142 612 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 612 12 own own JJ 39142 612 13 conception conception NN 39142 612 14 , , , 39142 612 15 Einstein Einstein NNP 39142 612 16 says say VBZ 39142 612 17 : : : 39142 612 18 " " `` 39142 612 19 Imagine imagine VB 39142 612 20 the the DT 39142 612 21 earth earth NN 39142 612 22 removed remove VBN 39142 612 23 , , , 39142 612 24 and and CC 39142 612 25 in in IN 39142 612 26 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 612 27 place place NN 39142 612 28 suspended suspend VBD 39142 612 29 a a DT 39142 612 30 box box NN 39142 612 31 as as RB 39142 612 32 big big JJ 39142 612 33 as as IN 39142 612 34 a a DT 39142 612 35 moon moon NN 39142 612 36 or or CC 39142 612 37 a a DT 39142 612 38 whole whole JJ 39142 612 39 house house NN 39142 612 40 and and CC 39142 612 41 inside inside IN 39142 612 42 a a DT 39142 612 43 man man NN 39142 612 44 naturally naturally RB 39142 612 45 floating float VBG 39142 612 46 in in IN 39142 612 47 the the DT 39142 612 48 center center NN 39142 612 49 , , , 39142 612 50 there there EX 39142 612 51 being be VBG 39142 612 52 no no DT 39142 612 53 force force NN 39142 612 54 whatever whatever WDT 39142 612 55 pulling pull VBG 39142 612 56 him -PRON- PRP 39142 612 57 . . . 39142 613 1 Imagine imagine VB 39142 613 2 , , , 39142 613 3 further further RB 39142 613 4 , , , 39142 613 5 this this DT 39142 613 6 box box NN 39142 613 7 being being NN 39142 613 8 , , , 39142 613 9 by by IN 39142 613 10 a a DT 39142 613 11 rope rope NN 39142 613 12 or or CC 39142 613 13 other other JJ 39142 613 14 contrivance contrivance NN 39142 613 15 , , , 39142 613 16 suddenly suddenly RB 39142 613 17 jerked jerk VBN 39142 613 18 to to IN 39142 613 19 one one CD 39142 613 20 side side NN 39142 613 21 , , , 39142 613 22 which which WDT 39142 613 23 is be VBZ 39142 613 24 scientifically scientifically RB 39142 613 25 termed term VBN 39142 613 26 ' ' '' 39142 613 27 difform difform NN 39142 613 28 motion motion NN 39142 613 29 , , , 39142 613 30 ' ' '' 39142 613 31 as as IN 39142 613 32 opposed oppose VBN 39142 613 33 to to IN 39142 613 34 ' ' `` 39142 613 35 uniform uniform JJ 39142 613 36 motion motion NN 39142 613 37 . . . 39142 613 38 ' ' '' 39142 614 1 The the DT 39142 614 2 person person NN 39142 614 3 would would MD 39142 614 4 then then RB 39142 614 5 naturally naturally RB 39142 614 6 reach reach VB 39142 614 7 bottom bottom NN 39142 614 8 on on IN 39142 614 9 the the DT 39142 614 10 opposite opposite JJ 39142 614 11 side side NN 39142 614 12 . . . 39142 615 1 The the DT 39142 615 2 result result NN 39142 615 3 would would MD 39142 615 4 consequently consequently RB 39142 615 5 be be VB 39142 615 6 the the DT 39142 615 7 same same JJ 39142 615 8 as as IN 39142 615 9 if if IN 39142 615 10 he -PRON- PRP 39142 615 11 obeyed obey VBD 39142 615 12 Newton Newton NNP 39142 615 13 's 's POS 39142 615 14 law law NN 39142 615 15 of of IN 39142 615 16 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 615 17 , , , 39142 615 18 while while IN 39142 615 19 , , , 39142 615 20 in in IN 39142 615 21 fact fact NN 39142 615 22 , , , 39142 615 23 there there EX 39142 615 24 is be VBZ 39142 615 25 no no DT 39142 615 26 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 615 27 exerted exert VBN 39142 615 28 whatever whatever WDT 39142 615 29 , , , 39142 615 30 which which WDT 39142 615 31 proves prove VBZ 39142 615 32 that that IN 39142 615 33 difform difform NN 39142 615 34 motion motion NN 39142 615 35 will will MD 39142 615 36 in in IN 39142 615 37 every every DT 39142 615 38 case case NN 39142 615 39 produce produce VB 39142 615 40 the the DT 39142 615 41 same same JJ 39142 615 42 effects effect NNS 39142 615 43 as as IN 39142 615 44 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 615 45 .... .... . 39142 616 1 The the DT 39142 616 2 term term NN 39142 616 3 relativity relativity NN 39142 616 4 refers refer VBZ 39142 616 5 to to IN 39142 616 6 time time NN 39142 616 7 and and CC 39142 616 8 space space NN 39142 616 9 . . . 39142 617 1 According accord VBG 39142 617 2 to to IN 39142 617 3 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 617 4 and and CC 39142 617 5 Newton Newton NNP 39142 617 6 , , , 39142 617 7 time time NN 39142 617 8 and and CC 39142 617 9 space space NN 39142 617 10 were be VBD 39142 617 11 absolute absolute JJ 39142 617 12 entities entity NNS 39142 617 13 , , , 39142 617 14 and and CC 39142 617 15 the the DT 39142 617 16 moving move VBG 39142 617 17 systems system NNS 39142 617 18 of of IN 39142 617 19 the the DT 39142 617 20 universe universe NN 39142 617 21 were be VBD 39142 617 22 dependent dependent JJ 39142 617 23 on on IN 39142 617 24 this this DT 39142 617 25 absolute absolute JJ 39142 617 26 time time NN 39142 617 27 and and CC 39142 617 28 space space NN 39142 617 29 . . . 39142 618 1 On on IN 39142 618 2 this this DT 39142 618 3 conception conception NN 39142 618 4 was be VBD 39142 618 5 built build VBN 39142 618 6 the the DT 39142 618 7 science science NN 39142 618 8 of of IN 39142 618 9 mechanics mechanic NNS 39142 618 10 . . . 39142 619 1 The the DT 39142 619 2 resulting result VBG 39142 619 3 formulas formula NNS 39142 619 4 sufficed suffice VBN 39142 619 5 for for IN 39142 619 6 all all DT 39142 619 7 motions motion NNS 39142 619 8 of of IN 39142 619 9 a a DT 39142 619 10 slow slow JJ 39142 619 11 nature nature NN 39142 619 12 ; ; : 39142 619 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 619 14 was be VBD 39142 619 15 found find VBN 39142 619 16 , , , 39142 619 17 however however RB 39142 619 18 , , , 39142 619 19 that that IN 39142 619 20 they -PRON- PRP 39142 619 21 would would MD 39142 619 22 not not RB 39142 619 23 conform conform VB 39142 619 24 to to IN 39142 619 25 the the DT 39142 619 26 rapid rapid JJ 39142 619 27 motions motion NNS 39142 619 28 apparent apparent JJ 39142 619 29 in in IN 39142 619 30 electrodynamics electrodynamic NNS 39142 619 31 .... .... . 39142 620 1 Briefly briefly RB 39142 620 2 the the DT 39142 620 3 theory theory NN 39142 620 4 of of IN 39142 620 5 special special JJ 39142 620 6 relativity relativity NN 39142 620 7 discards discard NNS 39142 620 8 absolute absolute JJ 39142 620 9 time time NN 39142 620 10 and and CC 39142 620 11 space space NN 39142 620 12 , , , 39142 620 13 and and CC 39142 620 14 makes make VBZ 39142 620 15 them -PRON- PRP 39142 620 16 in in IN 39142 620 17 every every DT 39142 620 18 instance instance NN 39142 620 19 relative relative JJ 39142 620 20 to to IN 39142 620 21 moving move VBG 39142 620 22 systems system NNS 39142 620 23 . . . 39142 621 1 By by IN 39142 621 2 this this DT 39142 621 3 theory theory NN 39142 621 4 all all DT 39142 621 5 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 621 6 in in IN 39142 621 7 electrodynamics electrodynamic NNS 39142 621 8 , , , 39142 621 9 as as RB 39142 621 10 well well RB 39142 621 11 as as IN 39142 621 12 mechanics mechanic NNS 39142 621 13 , , , 39142 621 14 hitherto hitherto NNP 39142 621 15 irreducible irreducible JJ 39142 621 16 by by IN 39142 621 17 the the DT 39142 621 18 old old JJ 39142 621 19 formulæ formulæ NN 39142 621 20 , , , 39142 621 21 were be VBD 39142 621 22 satisfactorily satisfactorily RB 39142 621 23 explained explain VBN 39142 621 24 . . . 39142 621 25 " " '' 39142 622 1 Natural natural JJ 39142 622 2 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 622 3 , , , 39142 622 4 then then RB 39142 622 5 , , , 39142 622 6 involving involve VBG 39142 622 7 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 622 8 and and CC 39142 622 9 inertia inertia NN 39142 622 10 , , , 39142 622 11 as as IN 39142 622 12 in in IN 39142 622 13 the the DT 39142 622 14 planetary planetary NN 39142 622 15 motions motion NNS 39142 622 16 , , , 39142 622 17 and and CC 39142 622 18 electro electro NNP 39142 622 19 - - HYPH 39142 622 20 magnetic magnetic JJ 39142 622 21 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 622 22 , , , 39142 622 23 including include VBG 39142 622 24 the the DT 39142 622 25 motion motion NN 39142 622 26 of of IN 39142 622 27 light light NN 39142 622 28 , , , 39142 622 29 are be VBP 39142 622 30 to to TO 39142 622 31 be be VB 39142 622 32 regarded regard VBN 39142 622 33 as as IN 39142 622 34 interrelated interrelate VBN 39142 622 35 , , , 39142 622 36 and and CC 39142 622 37 not not RB 39142 622 38 independent independent JJ 39142 622 39 of of IN 39142 622 40 one one CD 39142 622 41 another another DT 39142 622 42 . . . 39142 623 1 And and CC 39142 623 2 the the DT 39142 623 3 Einstein Einstein NNP 39142 623 4 theory theory NN 39142 623 5 would would MD 39142 623 6 appear appear VB 39142 623 7 to to TO 39142 623 8 have have VB 39142 623 9 received receive VBN 39142 623 10 a a DT 39142 623 11 striking striking JJ 39142 623 12 verification verification NN 39142 623 13 in in IN 39142 623 14 both both PDT 39142 623 15 these these DT 39142 623 16 fields field NNS 39142 623 17 . . . 39142 624 1 On on IN 39142 624 2 this this DT 39142 624 3 theory theory NN 39142 624 4 the the DT 39142 624 5 Newtonian newtonian JJ 39142 624 6 dynamics dynamic NNS 39142 624 7 fails fail VBZ 39142 624 8 when when WRB 39142 624 9 the the DT 39142 624 10 velocities velocity NNS 39142 624 11 concerned concern VBN 39142 624 12 are be VBP 39142 624 13 a a DT 39142 624 14 near near JJ 39142 624 15 approach approach NN 39142 624 16 to to IN 39142 624 17 that that DT 39142 624 18 of of IN 39142 624 19 light light NN 39142 624 20 . . . 39142 625 1 The the DT 39142 625 2 Newtonian newtonian JJ 39142 625 3 theory theory NN 39142 625 4 , , , 39142 625 5 then then RB 39142 625 6 , , , 39142 625 7 is be VBZ 39142 625 8 not not RB 39142 625 9 to to TO 39142 625 10 be be VB 39142 625 11 considered consider VBN 39142 625 12 as as IN 39142 625 13 wrong wrong JJ 39142 625 14 , , , 39142 625 15 but but CC 39142 625 16 in in IN 39142 625 17 the the DT 39142 625 18 light light NN 39142 625 19 of of IN 39142 625 20 a a DT 39142 625 21 first first JJ 39142 625 22 approximation approximation NN 39142 625 23 . . . 39142 626 1 Applying apply VBG 39142 626 2 the the DT 39142 626 3 new new JJ 39142 626 4 theory theory NN 39142 626 5 to to IN 39142 626 6 the the DT 39142 626 7 case case NN 39142 626 8 of of IN 39142 626 9 the the DT 39142 626 10 motion motion NN 39142 626 11 of of IN 39142 626 12 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 626 13 's 's POS 39142 626 14 perihelion perihelion NN 39142 626 15 , , , 39142 626 16 it -PRON- PRP 39142 626 17 is be VBZ 39142 626 18 found find VBN 39142 626 19 to to TO 39142 626 20 account account VB 39142 626 21 for for IN 39142 626 22 the the DT 39142 626 23 excess excess JJ 39142 626 24 quite quite RB 39142 626 25 exactly exactly RB 39142 626 26 . . . 39142 627 1 On on IN 39142 627 2 the the DT 39142 627 3 electro electro JJ 39142 627 4 - - HYPH 39142 627 5 magnetic magnetic JJ 39142 627 6 side side NN 39142 627 7 , , , 39142 627 8 including include VBG 39142 627 9 also also RB 39142 627 10 the the DT 39142 627 11 motion motion NN 39142 627 12 of of IN 39142 627 13 light light NN 39142 627 14 , , , 39142 627 15 a a DT 39142 627 16 total total JJ 39142 627 17 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 627 18 of of IN 39142 627 19 the the DT 39142 627 20 sun sun NN 39142 627 21 affords afford VBZ 39142 627 22 an an DT 39142 627 23 especially especially RB 39142 627 24 favorable favorable JJ 39142 627 25 occasion occasion NN 39142 627 26 for for IN 39142 627 27 applying apply VBG 39142 627 28 the the DT 39142 627 29 critical critical JJ 39142 627 30 test test NN 39142 627 31 , , , 39142 627 32 whether whether IN 39142 627 33 a a DT 39142 627 34 huge huge JJ 39142 627 35 mass mass NN 39142 627 36 like like IN 39142 627 37 the the DT 39142 627 38 sun sun NN 39142 627 39 would would MD 39142 627 40 or or CC 39142 627 41 would would MD 39142 627 42 not not RB 39142 627 43 deflect deflect VB 39142 627 44 toward toward IN 39142 627 45 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 627 46 the the DT 39142 627 47 rays ray NNS 39142 627 48 of of IN 39142 627 49 light light NN 39142 627 50 from from IN 39142 627 51 stars star NNS 39142 627 52 passing pass VBG 39142 627 53 close close RB 39142 627 54 to to IN 39142 627 55 the the DT 39142 627 56 edge edge NN 39142 627 57 of of IN 39142 627 58 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 627 59 disk disk NN 39142 627 60 , , , 39142 627 61 or or CC 39142 627 62 limb limb NN 39142 627 63 . . . 39142 628 1 A a DT 39142 628 2 total total JJ 39142 628 3 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 628 4 of of IN 39142 628 5 exceptional exceptional JJ 39142 628 6 duration duration NN 39142 628 7 occurred occur VBD 39142 628 8 on on IN 39142 628 9 May May NNP 39142 628 10 29 29 CD 39142 628 11 , , , 39142 628 12 1919 1919 CD 39142 628 13 , , , 39142 628 14 and and CC 39142 628 15 the the DT 39142 628 16 two two CD 39142 628 17 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 628 18 parties party NNS 39142 628 19 sent send VBN 39142 628 20 out out RP 39142 628 21 by by IN 39142 628 22 the the DT 39142 628 23 Royal Royal NNP 39142 628 24 Society Society NNP 39142 628 25 of of IN 39142 628 26 London London NNP 39142 628 27 and and CC 39142 628 28 the the DT 39142 628 29 Royal Royal NNP 39142 628 30 Astronomical Astronomical NNP 39142 628 31 Society Society NNP 39142 628 32 were be VBD 39142 628 33 equipped equip VBN 39142 628 34 especially especially RB 39142 628 35 with with IN 39142 628 36 apparatus apparatus NN 39142 628 37 for for IN 39142 628 38 making make VBG 39142 628 39 this this DT 39142 628 40 test test NN 39142 628 41 . . . 39142 629 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 629 2 stations station NNS 39142 629 3 were be VBD 39142 629 4 one one CD 39142 629 5 on on IN 39142 629 6 the the DT 39142 629 7 east east JJ 39142 629 8 coast coast NN 39142 629 9 of of IN 39142 629 10 Brazil Brazil NNP 39142 629 11 and and CC 39142 629 12 the the DT 39142 629 13 other other JJ 39142 629 14 on on IN 39142 629 15 the the DT 39142 629 16 west west JJ 39142 629 17 coast coast NN 39142 629 18 of of IN 39142 629 19 Africa Africa NNP 39142 629 20 . . . 39142 630 1 Accurate accurate JJ 39142 630 2 calculation calculation NN 39142 630 3 beforehand beforehand RB 39142 630 4 showed show VBD 39142 630 5 just just RB 39142 630 6 where where WRB 39142 630 7 the the DT 39142 630 8 sun sun NN 39142 630 9 would would MD 39142 630 10 be be VB 39142 630 11 among among IN 39142 630 12 the the DT 39142 630 13 stars star NNS 39142 630 14 at at IN 39142 630 15 the the DT 39142 630 16 time time NN 39142 630 17 of of IN 39142 630 18 the the DT 39142 630 19 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 630 20 ; ; : 39142 630 21 so so CC 39142 630 22 that that IN 39142 630 23 star star NN 39142 630 24 plates plate NNS 39142 630 25 of of IN 39142 630 26 this this DT 39142 630 27 region region NN 39142 630 28 were be VBD 39142 630 29 taken take VBN 39142 630 30 in in IN 39142 630 31 England England NNP 39142 630 32 before before IN 39142 630 33 the the DT 39142 630 34 expeditions expedition NNS 39142 630 35 went go VBD 39142 630 36 out out RP 39142 630 37 . . . 39142 631 1 Then then RB 39142 631 2 , , , 39142 631 3 during during IN 39142 631 4 the the DT 39142 631 5 total total JJ 39142 631 6 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 631 7 , , , 39142 631 8 the the DT 39142 631 9 same same JJ 39142 631 10 regions region NNS 39142 631 11 were be VBD 39142 631 12 photographed photograph VBN 39142 631 13 with with IN 39142 631 14 the the DT 39142 631 15 eclipsed eclipse VBN 39142 631 16 sun sun NN 39142 631 17 and and CC 39142 631 18 the the DT 39142 631 19 corona corona NN 39142 631 20 projected project VBD 39142 631 21 against against IN 39142 631 22 them -PRON- PRP 39142 631 23 . . . 39142 632 1 To to TO 39142 632 2 make make VB 39142 632 3 doubly doubly RB 39142 632 4 sure sure JJ 39142 632 5 , , , 39142 632 6 the the DT 39142 632 7 stars star NNS 39142 632 8 were be VBD 39142 632 9 a a DT 39142 632 10 third third JJ 39142 632 11 time time NN 39142 632 12 photographed photograph VBD 39142 632 13 some some DT 39142 632 14 weeks week NNS 39142 632 15 after after IN 39142 632 16 the the DT 39142 632 17 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 632 18 , , , 39142 632 19 when when WRB 39142 632 20 the the DT 39142 632 21 sun sun NN 39142 632 22 had have VBD 39142 632 23 moved move VBN 39142 632 24 away away RB 39142 632 25 from from IN 39142 632 26 that that DT 39142 632 27 particular particular JJ 39142 632 28 region region NN 39142 632 29 . . . 39142 633 1 Measuring measure VBG 39142 633 2 up up RP 39142 633 3 the the DT 39142 633 4 three three CD 39142 633 5 sets set NNS 39142 633 6 of of IN 39142 633 7 plates plate NNS 39142 633 8 , , , 39142 633 9 it -PRON- PRP 39142 633 10 was be VBD 39142 633 11 found find VBN 39142 633 12 that that IN 39142 633 13 an an DT 39142 633 14 appreciable appreciable JJ 39142 633 15 deflection deflection NN 39142 633 16 of of IN 39142 633 17 the the DT 39142 633 18 light light NN 39142 633 19 of of IN 39142 633 20 the the DT 39142 633 21 stars star NNS 39142 633 22 nearest nearest RB 39142 633 23 alongside alongside IN 39142 633 24 the the DT 39142 633 25 sun sun NN 39142 633 26 actually actually RB 39142 633 27 exists exist VBZ 39142 633 28 ; ; : 39142 633 29 and and CC 39142 633 30 the the DT 39142 633 31 amount amount NN 39142 633 32 of of IN 39142 633 33 it -PRON- PRP 39142 633 34 is be VBZ 39142 633 35 such such JJ 39142 633 36 as as IN 39142 633 37 to to TO 39142 633 38 afford afford VB 39142 633 39 a a DT 39142 633 40 fair fair NN 39142 633 41 though though IN 39142 633 42 not not RB 39142 633 43 absolutely absolutely RB 39142 633 44 exact exact JJ 39142 633 45 verification verification NN 39142 633 46 of of IN 39142 633 47 the the DT 39142 633 48 theory theory NN 39142 633 49 . . . 39142 634 1 The the DT 39142 634 2 observed observed JJ 39142 634 3 deflection deflection NN 39142 634 4 may may MD 39142 634 5 of of IN 39142 634 6 course course NN 39142 634 7 be be VB 39142 634 8 due due JJ 39142 634 9 to to IN 39142 634 10 other other JJ 39142 634 11 causes cause NNS 39142 634 12 , , , 39142 634 13 but but CC 39142 634 14 the the DT 39142 634 15 English english JJ 39142 634 16 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 634 17 generally generally RB 39142 634 18 regard regard VBP 39142 634 19 the the DT 39142 634 20 near near JJ 39142 634 21 verification verification NN 39142 634 22 as as IN 39142 634 23 a a DT 39142 634 24 triumph triumph NN 39142 634 25 for for IN 39142 634 26 the the DT 39142 634 27 Einstein Einstein NNP 39142 634 28 theory theory NN 39142 634 29 . . . 39142 635 1 Astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 635 2 are be VBP 39142 635 3 already already RB 39142 635 4 beginning begin VBG 39142 635 5 preparations preparation NNS 39142 635 6 for for IN 39142 635 7 a a DT 39142 635 8 repetition repetition NN 39142 635 9 of of IN 39142 635 10 the the DT 39142 635 11 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 635 12 programme programme NN 39142 635 13 with with IN 39142 635 14 all all DT 39142 635 15 possible possible JJ 39142 635 16 refinement refinement NN 39142 635 17 of of IN 39142 635 18 observation observation NN 39142 635 19 , , , 39142 635 20 when when WRB 39142 635 21 the the DT 39142 635 22 next next JJ 39142 635 23 total total JJ 39142 635 24 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 635 25 of of IN 39142 635 26 the the DT 39142 635 27 sun sun NN 39142 635 28 occurs occur VBZ 39142 635 29 , , , 39142 635 30 September September NNP 39142 635 31 20 20 CD 39142 635 32 , , , 39142 635 33 1922 1922 CD 39142 635 34 , , , 39142 635 35 visible visible JJ 39142 635 36 in in IN 39142 635 37 Australia Australia NNP 39142 635 38 and and CC 39142 635 39 the the DT 39142 635 40 islands island NNS 39142 635 41 of of IN 39142 635 42 the the DT 39142 635 43 Indian Indian NNP 39142 635 44 Ocean Ocean NNP 39142 635 45 . . . 39142 636 1 A a DT 39142 636 2 third third JJ 39142 636 3 test test NN 39142 636 4 of of IN 39142 636 5 the the DT 39142 636 6 theory theory NN 39142 636 7 is be VBZ 39142 636 8 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 636 9 more more RBR 39142 636 10 critical critical JJ 39142 636 11 than than IN 39142 636 12 either either DT 39142 636 13 of of IN 39142 636 14 the the DT 39142 636 15 others other NNS 39142 636 16 , , , 39142 636 17 and and CC 39142 636 18 this this DT 39142 636 19 necessitates necessitate VBZ 39142 636 20 a a DT 39142 636 21 displacement displacement NN 39142 636 22 of of IN 39142 636 23 spectral spectral JJ 39142 636 24 lines line NNS 39142 636 25 in in IN 39142 636 26 a a DT 39142 636 27 gravitational gravitational JJ 39142 636 28 field field NN 39142 636 29 toward toward IN 39142 636 30 the the DT 39142 636 31 red red JJ 39142 636 32 end end NN 39142 636 33 of of IN 39142 636 34 the the DT 39142 636 35 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 636 36 ; ; : 39142 636 37 but but CC 39142 636 38 the the DT 39142 636 39 experts expert NNS 39142 636 40 who who WP 39142 636 41 have have VBP 39142 636 42 so so RB 39142 636 43 far far RB 39142 636 44 made make VBN 39142 636 45 measures measure NNS 39142 636 46 for for IN 39142 636 47 detecting detect VBG 39142 636 48 such such JJ 39142 636 49 displacement displacement NN 39142 636 50 disagree disagree NN 39142 636 51 as as IN 39142 636 52 to to IN 39142 636 53 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 636 54 actual actual JJ 39142 636 55 existence existence NN 39142 636 56 . . . 39142 637 1 The the DT 39142 637 2 work work NN 39142 637 3 of of IN 39142 637 4 St. St. NNP 39142 637 5 John John NNP 39142 637 6 at at IN 39142 637 7 Mt. Mount NNP 39142 638 1 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 638 2 is be VBZ 39142 638 3 unfavorable unfavorable JJ 39142 638 4 to to IN 39142 638 5 the the DT 39142 638 6 theory theory NN 39142 638 7 , , , 39142 638 8 as as IN 39142 638 9 is be VBZ 39142 638 10 that that DT 39142 638 11 of of IN 39142 638 12 Evershed Evershed NNP 39142 638 13 of of IN 39142 638 14 Kodiakanal Kodiakanal NNP 39142 638 15 , , , 39142 638 16 who who WP 39142 638 17 has have VBZ 39142 638 18 made make VBN 39142 638 19 repeated repeat VBN 39142 638 20 tests test NNS 39142 638 21 on on IN 39142 638 22 the the DT 39142 638 23 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 638 24 of of IN 39142 638 25 Venus Venus NNP 39142 638 26 , , , 39142 638 27 as as RB 39142 638 28 well well RB 39142 638 29 as as IN 39142 638 30 in in IN 39142 638 31 the the DT 39142 638 32 cyanogen cyanogen NN 39142 638 33 bands band NNS 39142 638 34 of of IN 39142 638 35 the the DT 39142 638 36 sun sun NN 39142 638 37 . . . 39142 639 1 The the DT 39142 639 2 enthusiastic enthusiastic JJ 39142 639 3 advocates advocate NNS 39142 639 4 of of IN 39142 639 5 the the DT 39142 639 6 Einstein Einstein NNP 39142 639 7 theory theory NN 39142 639 8 hold hold VB 39142 639 9 that that IN 39142 639 10 , , , 39142 639 11 as as IN 39142 639 12 Newton Newton NNP 39142 639 13 proved prove VBD 39142 639 14 the the DT 39142 639 15 three three CD 39142 639 16 laws law NNS 39142 639 17 of of IN 39142 639 18 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 639 19 to to TO 39142 639 20 be be VB 39142 639 21 special special JJ 39142 639 22 cases case NNS 39142 639 23 of of IN 39142 639 24 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 639 25 general general JJ 39142 639 26 law law NN 39142 639 27 , , , 39142 639 28 so so CC 39142 639 29 the the DT 39142 639 30 " " `` 39142 639 31 universal universal JJ 39142 639 32 relativity relativity NN 39142 639 33 theory theory NN 39142 639 34 " " '' 39142 639 35 will will MD 39142 639 36 enable enable VB 39142 639 37 eventually eventually RB 39142 639 38 the the DT 39142 639 39 Newtonian newtonian JJ 39142 639 40 law law NN 39142 639 41 to to TO 39142 639 42 be be VB 39142 639 43 deduced deduce VBN 39142 639 44 from from IN 39142 639 45 the the DT 39142 639 46 Einstein Einstein NNP 39142 639 47 theory theory NN 39142 639 48 . . . 39142 640 1 " " `` 39142 640 2 This this DT 39142 640 3 is be VBZ 39142 640 4 the the DT 39142 640 5 way way NN 39142 640 6 we -PRON- PRP 39142 640 7 go go VBP 39142 640 8 on on RP 39142 640 9 in in IN 39142 640 10 science science NN 39142 640 11 , , , 39142 640 12 as as IN 39142 640 13 in in IN 39142 640 14 everything everything NN 39142 640 15 else else RB 39142 640 16 , , , 39142 640 17 " " '' 39142 640 18 wrote write VBD 39142 640 19 Sir Sir NNP 39142 640 20 George George NNP 39142 640 21 Airy Airy NNP 39142 640 22 , , , 39142 640 23 Astronomer Astronomer NNP 39142 640 24 Royal Royal NNP 39142 640 25 ; ; : 39142 640 26 " " `` 39142 640 27 we -PRON- PRP 39142 640 28 have have VBP 39142 640 29 to to TO 39142 640 30 make make VB 39142 640 31 out out RP 39142 640 32 that that IN 39142 640 33 something something NN 39142 640 34 is be VBZ 39142 640 35 true true JJ 39142 640 36 ; ; : 39142 640 37 then then RB 39142 640 38 we -PRON- PRP 39142 640 39 find find VBP 39142 640 40 out out RP 39142 640 41 under under IN 39142 640 42 certain certain JJ 39142 640 43 circumstances circumstance NNS 39142 640 44 that that IN 39142 640 45 it -PRON- PRP 39142 640 46 is be VBZ 39142 640 47 not not RB 39142 640 48 quite quite RB 39142 640 49 true true JJ 39142 640 50 ; ; : 39142 640 51 and and CC 39142 640 52 then then RB 39142 640 53 we -PRON- PRP 39142 640 54 have have VBP 39142 640 55 to to TO 39142 640 56 consider consider VB 39142 640 57 and and CC 39142 640 58 find find VB 39142 640 59 out out RP 39142 640 60 how how WRB 39142 640 61 the the DT 39142 640 62 departure departure NN 39142 640 63 can can MD 39142 640 64 be be VB 39142 640 65 explained explain VBN 39142 640 66 . . . 39142 640 67 " " '' 39142 641 1 Meanwhile meanwhile RB 39142 641 2 , , , 39142 641 3 the the DT 39142 641 4 prudent prudent JJ 39142 641 5 person person NN 39142 641 6 keeps keep VBZ 39142 641 7 the the DT 39142 641 8 open open JJ 39142 641 9 mind mind NN 39142 641 10 . . . 39142 642 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 642 2 XVI XVI NNP 39142 642 3 HALLEY HALLEY NNP 39142 642 4 AND and CC 39142 642 5 HIS his PRP$ 39142 642 6 COMET COMET NNP 39142 642 7 Halley Halley NNP 39142 642 8 is be VBZ 39142 642 9 one one CD 39142 642 10 of of IN 39142 642 11 the the DT 39142 642 12 most most JJS 39142 642 13 picturesque picturesque JJ 39142 642 14 characters character NNS 39142 642 15 in in IN 39142 642 16 all all DT 39142 642 17 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 642 18 history history NN 39142 642 19 . . . 39142 643 1 Next next RB 39142 643 2 to to IN 39142 643 3 Newton Newton NNP 39142 643 4 himself -PRON- PRP 39142 643 5 he -PRON- PRP 39142 643 6 was be VBD 39142 643 7 most most RBS 39142 643 8 intimately intimately RB 39142 643 9 concerned concern VBN 39142 643 10 in in IN 39142 643 11 giving give VBG 39142 643 12 the the DT 39142 643 13 Newtonian newtonian JJ 39142 643 14 law law NN 39142 643 15 to to IN 39142 643 16 the the DT 39142 643 17 world world NN 39142 643 18 . . . 39142 644 1 Edmund Edmund NNP 39142 644 2 Halley Halley NNP 39142 644 3 was be VBD 39142 644 4 born bear VBN 39142 644 5 ( ( -LRB- 39142 644 6 1656 1656 CD 39142 644 7 ) ) -RRB- 39142 644 8 in in IN 39142 644 9 stirring stir VBG 39142 644 10 times time NNS 39142 644 11 . . . 39142 645 1 Charles Charles NNP 39142 645 2 I. I. NNP 39142 645 3 had have VBD 39142 645 4 just just RB 39142 645 5 been be VBN 39142 645 6 executed execute VBN 39142 645 7 , , , 39142 645 8 and and CC 39142 645 9 it -PRON- PRP 39142 645 10 was be VBD 39142 645 11 the the DT 39142 645 12 era era NN 39142 645 13 of of IN 39142 645 14 Cromwell Cromwell NNP 39142 645 15 's 's POS 39142 645 16 Lord Lord NNP 39142 645 17 Protectorate Protectorate NNP 39142 645 18 and and CC 39142 645 19 the the DT 39142 645 20 wars war NNS 39142 645 21 with with IN 39142 645 22 Spain Spain NNP 39142 645 23 and and CC 39142 645 24 Holland Holland NNP 39142 645 25 . . . 39142 646 1 Then then RB 39142 646 2 followed follow VBN 39142 646 3 ( ( -LRB- 39142 646 4 1660 1660 CD 39142 646 5 ) ) -RRB- 39142 646 6 the the DT 39142 646 7 promising promising NN 39142 646 8 but but CC 39142 646 9 profligate profligate VBP 39142 646 10 Charles Charles NNP 39142 646 11 II II NNP 39142 646 12 . . . 39142 647 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 647 2 who who WP 39142 647 3 nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 647 4 founded found VBD 39142 647 5 at at IN 39142 647 6 Greenwich Greenwich NNP 39142 647 7 the the DT 39142 647 8 greatest great JJS 39142 647 9 of of IN 39142 647 10 all all DT 39142 647 11 observatories observatory NNS 39142 647 12 when when WRB 39142 647 13 Halley Halley NNP 39142 647 14 was be VBD 39142 647 15 nineteen nineteen CD 39142 647 16 ) ) -RRB- 39142 647 17 , , , 39142 647 18 the the DT 39142 647 19 frightful frightful JJ 39142 647 20 ravages ravage NNS 39142 647 21 of of IN 39142 647 22 the the DT 39142 647 23 Black Black NNP 39142 647 24 Plague Plague NNP 39142 647 25 , , , 39142 647 26 the the DT 39142 647 27 tyrannies tyranny NNS 39142 647 28 of of IN 39142 647 29 James James NNP 39142 647 30 II II NNP 39142 647 31 . . NNP 39142 647 32 , , , 39142 647 33 and and CC 39142 647 34 the the DT 39142 647 35 Revolution Revolution NNP 39142 647 36 of of IN 39142 647 37 1688 1688 CD 39142 647 38 - - , 39142 647 39 -all -all NN 39142 647 40 in in IN 39142 647 41 the the DT 39142 647 42 early early JJ 39142 647 43 manhood manhood NN 39142 647 44 of of IN 39142 647 45 Halley Halley NNP 39142 647 46 , , , 39142 647 47 whose whose WP$ 39142 647 48 scientific scientific JJ 39142 647 49 life life NN 39142 647 50 and and CC 39142 647 51 works work NNS 39142 647 52 marched march VBD 39142 647 53 with with IN 39142 647 54 much much JJ 39142 647 55 of of IN 39142 647 56 the the DT 39142 647 57 vigor vigor NN 39142 647 58 of of IN 39142 647 59 the the DT 39142 647 60 contending contend VBG 39142 647 61 personalities personality NNS 39142 647 62 of of IN 39142 647 63 state state NN 39142 647 64 . . . 39142 648 1 The the DT 39142 648 2 telescope telescope NN 39142 648 3 had have VBD 39142 648 4 been be VBN 39142 648 5 invented invent VBN 39142 648 6 a a DT 39142 648 7 half half JJ 39142 648 8 century century NN 39142 648 9 earlier early RBR 39142 648 10 , , , 39142 648 11 and and CC 39142 648 12 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 648 13 's 's POS 39142 648 14 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 648 15 of of IN 39142 648 16 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 648 17 's 's POS 39142 648 18 moons moon NNS 39142 648 19 and and CC 39142 648 20 the the DT 39142 648 21 phases phase NNS 39142 648 22 of of IN 39142 648 23 Venus Venus NNP 39142 648 24 had have VBD 39142 648 25 firmly firmly RB 39142 648 26 established establish VBN 39142 648 27 the the DT 39142 648 28 sun sun NN 39142 648 29 - - HYPH 39142 648 30 centered center VBN 39142 648 31 theory theory NN 39142 648 32 of of IN 39142 648 33 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 39142 648 34 . . . 39142 649 1 The the DT 39142 649 2 sun sun NN 39142 649 3 's 's POS 39142 649 4 distance distance NN 39142 649 5 , , , 39142 649 6 though though RB 39142 649 7 , , , 39142 649 8 was be VBD 39142 649 9 known know VBN 39142 649 10 but but CC 39142 649 11 crudely crudely RB 39142 649 12 ; ; : 39142 649 13 and and CC 39142 649 14 why why WRB 39142 649 15 the the DT 39142 649 16 stars star NNS 39142 649 17 seemed seem VBD 39142 649 18 to to TO 39142 649 19 have have VB 39142 649 20 no no DT 39142 649 21 yearly yearly JJ 39142 649 22 orbits orbit NNS 39142 649 23 of of IN 39142 649 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 649 25 own own JJ 39142 649 26 corresponding corresponding NN 39142 649 27 to to IN 39142 649 28 that that DT 39142 649 29 of of IN 39142 649 30 the the DT 39142 649 31 earth earth NN 39142 649 32 was be VBD 39142 649 33 a a DT 39142 649 34 puzzle puzzle NN 39142 649 35 . . . 39142 650 1 Newton Newton NNP 39142 650 2 was be VBD 39142 650 3 well well RB 39142 650 4 advanced advanced JJ 39142 650 5 toward toward IN 39142 650 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 650 7 supreme supreme JJ 39142 650 8 discovery discovery NN 39142 650 9 of of IN 39142 650 10 the the DT 39142 650 11 law law NN 39142 650 12 of of IN 39142 650 13 universal universal NNP 39142 650 14 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 650 15 ; ; : 39142 650 16 and and CC 39142 650 17 the the DT 39142 650 18 authority authority NN 39142 650 19 of of IN 39142 650 20 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 650 21 taught teach VBD 39142 650 22 that that IN 39142 650 23 comets comet NNS 39142 650 24 travel travel VBP 39142 650 25 helter helter JJ 39142 650 26 - - HYPH 39142 650 27 skelter skelter JJ 39142 650 28 through through IN 39142 650 29 space space NN 39142 650 30 in in IN 39142 650 31 straight straight JJ 39142 650 32 lines line NNS 39142 650 33 past past IN 39142 650 34 the the DT 39142 650 35 earth earth NN 39142 650 36 , , , 39142 650 37 a a DT 39142 650 38 perpetual perpetual JJ 39142 650 39 menace menace NN 39142 650 40 to to IN 39142 650 41 humanity humanity NN 39142 650 42 . . . 39142 651 1 " " `` 39142 651 2 Ugly ugly JJ 39142 651 3 monsters monster NNS 39142 651 4 , , , 39142 651 5 " " '' 39142 651 6 that that WDT 39142 651 7 comets comet NNS 39142 651 8 always always RB 39142 651 9 were be VBD 39142 651 10 to to IN 39142 651 11 the the DT 39142 651 12 ancient ancient JJ 39142 651 13 world world NN 39142 651 14 , , , 39142 651 15 the the DT 39142 651 16 medieval medieval JJ 39142 651 17 church church NN 39142 651 18 perpetuated perpetuate VBD 39142 651 19 this this DT 39142 651 20 misconception misconception NN 39142 651 21 so so RB 39142 651 22 vigorously vigorously RB 39142 651 23 that that IN 39142 651 24 even even RB 39142 651 25 now now RB 39142 651 26 these these DT 39142 651 27 harmless harmless JJ 39142 651 28 , , , 39142 651 29 gauzy gauzy NNP 39142 651 30 visitors visitor NNS 39142 651 31 from from IN 39142 651 32 interstellar interstellar JJ 39142 651 33 space space NN 39142 651 34 possess possess VBP 39142 651 35 a a DT 39142 651 36 certain certain JJ 39142 651 37 " " `` 39142 651 38 wizard wizard JJ 39142 651 39 hold hold NN 39142 651 40 upon upon IN 39142 651 41 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 651 42 imagination imagination NN 39142 651 43 . . . 39142 651 44 " " '' 39142 652 1 This this DT 39142 652 2 entertaining entertaining JJ 39142 652 3 phase phase NN 39142 652 4 of of IN 39142 652 5 the the DT 39142 652 6 subject subject NN 39142 652 7 is be VBZ 39142 652 8 excellently excellently RB 39142 652 9 treated treat VBN 39142 652 10 in in IN 39142 652 11 President President NNP 39142 652 12 Andrew Andrew NNP 39142 652 13 D. D. NNP 39142 652 14 White White NNP 39142 652 15 's 's POS 39142 652 16 " " `` 39142 652 17 History history NN 39142 652 18 of of IN 39142 652 19 the the DT 39142 652 20 Doctrine Doctrine NNP 39142 652 21 of of IN 39142 652 22 Comets Comets NNPS 39142 652 23 , , , 39142 652 24 " " '' 39142 652 25 in in IN 39142 652 26 the the DT 39142 652 27 Papers Papers NNPS 39142 652 28 of of IN 39142 652 29 the the DT 39142 652 30 American American NNP 39142 652 31 Historical Historical NNP 39142 652 32 Association Association NNP 39142 652 33 . . . 39142 653 1 Halley Halley NNP 39142 653 2 's 's POS 39142 653 3 brilliant brilliant JJ 39142 653 4 comet comet NN 39142 653 5 at at IN 39142 653 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 653 7 earlier early JJR 39142 653 8 apparitions apparition NNS 39142 653 9 had have VBD 39142 653 10 been be VBN 39142 653 11 no no DT 39142 653 12 exception exception NN 39142 653 13 . . . 39142 654 1 Halley Halley NNP 39142 654 2 's 's POS 39142 654 3 father father NN 39142 654 4 was be VBD 39142 654 5 a a DT 39142 654 6 wealthy wealthy JJ 39142 654 7 London London NNP 39142 654 8 soap soap NN 39142 654 9 maker maker NN 39142 654 10 , , , 39142 654 11 who who WP 39142 654 12 took take VBD 39142 654 13 great great JJ 39142 654 14 pride pride NN 39142 654 15 in in IN 39142 654 16 the the DT 39142 654 17 growing grow VBG 39142 654 18 intellectuality intellectuality NN 39142 654 19 of of IN 39142 654 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 654 21 son son NN 39142 654 22 . . . 39142 655 1 Graduating graduate VBG 39142 655 2 at at IN 39142 655 3 Queen Queen NNP 39142 655 4 's 's POS 39142 655 5 College College NNP 39142 655 6 , , , 39142 655 7 Oxford Oxford NNP 39142 655 8 , , , 39142 655 9 the the DT 39142 655 10 latter latter JJ 39142 655 11 began begin VBD 39142 655 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 655 13 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 655 14 labors labor NNS 39142 655 15 at at IN 39142 655 16 twenty twenty CD 39142 655 17 by by IN 39142 655 18 publishing publish VBG 39142 655 19 a a DT 39142 655 20 work work NN 39142 655 21 on on IN 39142 655 22 planetary planetary JJ 39142 655 23 orbits orbit NNS 39142 655 24 ; ; , 39142 655 25 and and CC 39142 655 26 the the DT 39142 655 27 next next JJ 39142 655 28 year year NN 39142 655 29 he -PRON- PRP 39142 655 30 voyaged voyage VBD 39142 655 31 to to IN 39142 655 32 St. St. NNP 39142 655 33 Helena Helena NNP 39142 655 34 to to TO 39142 655 35 catalogue catalogue VB 39142 655 36 the the DT 39142 655 37 stars star NNS 39142 655 38 of of IN 39142 655 39 the the DT 39142 655 40 southern southern JJ 39142 655 41 firmament firmament NN 39142 655 42 , , , 39142 655 43 to to TO 39142 655 44 measure measure VB 39142 655 45 the the DT 39142 655 46 force force NN 39142 655 47 of of IN 39142 655 48 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 39142 655 49 gravity gravity NN 39142 655 50 , , , 39142 655 51 and and CC 39142 655 52 observe observe VB 39142 655 53 a a DT 39142 655 54 transit transit NN 39142 655 55 of of IN 39142 655 56 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 655 57 over over IN 39142 655 58 the the DT 39142 655 59 disk disk NN 39142 655 60 of of IN 39142 655 61 the the DT 39142 655 62 sun sun NN 39142 655 63 . . . 39142 656 1 While while IN 39142 656 2 clouds cloud NNS 39142 656 3 seriously seriously RB 39142 656 4 interfered interfere VBD 39142 656 5 with with IN 39142 656 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 656 7 observations observation NNS 39142 656 8 on on IN 39142 656 9 that that DT 39142 656 10 lonely lonely JJ 39142 656 11 isle isle NNP 39142 656 12 , , , 39142 656 13 what what WP 39142 656 14 he -PRON- PRP 39142 656 15 saw see VBD 39142 656 16 of of IN 39142 656 17 the the DT 39142 656 18 transit transit NN 39142 656 19 led lead VBD 39142 656 20 to to IN 39142 656 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 656 22 invention invention NN 39142 656 23 of of IN 39142 656 24 " " `` 39142 656 25 Halley Halley NNP 39142 656 26 's 's POS 39142 656 27 method method NN 39142 656 28 , , , 39142 656 29 " " '' 39142 656 30 which which WDT 39142 656 31 , , , 39142 656 32 as as IN 39142 656 33 applied apply VBN 39142 656 34 to to IN 39142 656 35 the the DT 39142 656 36 transit transit NN 39142 656 37 of of IN 39142 656 38 Venus Venus NNP 39142 656 39 , , , 39142 656 40 though though IN 39142 656 41 not not RB 39142 656 42 till till IN 39142 656 43 long long RB 39142 656 44 after after IN 39142 656 45 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 656 46 death death NN 39142 656 47 , , , 39142 656 48 helped help VBD 39142 656 49 greatly greatly RB 39142 656 50 in in IN 39142 656 51 the the DT 39142 656 52 accurate accurate JJ 39142 656 53 determination determination NN 39142 656 54 of of IN 39142 656 55 the the DT 39142 656 56 sun sun NN 39142 656 57 's 's POS 39142 656 58 distance distance NN 39142 656 59 from from IN 39142 656 60 the the DT 39142 656 61 earth earth NN 39142 656 62 . . . 39142 657 1 Halley Halley NNP 39142 657 2 's 's POS 39142 657 3 researches research NNS 39142 657 4 on on IN 39142 657 5 the the DT 39142 657 6 proper proper JJ 39142 657 7 motions motion NNS 39142 657 8 of of IN 39142 657 9 the the DT 39142 657 10 stars star NNS 39142 657 11 of of IN 39142 657 12 both both DT 39142 657 13 hemispheres hemisphere NNS 39142 657 14 soon soon RB 39142 657 15 made make VBD 39142 657 16 him -PRON- PRP 39142 657 17 famous famous JJ 39142 657 18 , , , 39142 657 19 and and CC 39142 657 20 it -PRON- PRP 39142 657 21 was be VBD 39142 657 22 said say VBN 39142 657 23 of of IN 39142 657 24 him -PRON- PRP 39142 657 25 , , , 39142 657 26 " " `` 39142 657 27 If if IN 39142 657 28 any any DT 39142 657 29 star star NN 39142 657 30 gets get VBZ 39142 657 31 displaced displace VBN 39142 657 32 on on IN 39142 657 33 the the DT 39142 657 34 globe globe NN 39142 657 35 , , , 39142 657 36 Halley Halley NNP 39142 657 37 will will MD 39142 657 38 presently presently RB 39142 657 39 find find VB 39142 657 40 it -PRON- PRP 39142 657 41 out out RP 39142 657 42 . . . 39142 657 43 " " '' 39142 658 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 658 2 return return NN 39142 658 3 to to IN 39142 658 4 London London NNP 39142 658 5 and and CC 39142 658 6 election election NN 39142 658 7 to to IN 39142 658 8 the the DT 39142 658 9 Royal Royal NNP 39142 658 10 Society Society NNP 39142 658 11 ( ( -LRB- 39142 658 12 of of IN 39142 658 13 which which WDT 39142 658 14 he -PRON- PRP 39142 658 15 was be VBD 39142 658 16 many many JJ 39142 658 17 years year NNS 39142 658 18 secretary secretary NN 39142 658 19 ) ) -RRB- 39142 658 20 added add VBD 39142 658 21 much much RB 39142 658 22 to to IN 39142 658 23 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 658 24 fame fame NN 39142 658 25 , , , 39142 658 26 and and CC 39142 658 27 he -PRON- PRP 39142 658 28 was be VBD 39142 658 29 commissioned commission VBN 39142 658 30 by by IN 39142 658 31 the the DT 39142 658 32 society society NN 39142 658 33 to to TO 39142 658 34 visit visit VB 39142 658 35 Danzig Danzig NNP 39142 658 36 and and CC 39142 658 37 arbitrate arbitrate VB 39142 658 38 an an DT 39142 658 39 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 658 40 controversy controversy NN 39142 658 41 between between IN 39142 658 42 Hooke Hooke NNP 39142 658 43 and and CC 39142 658 44 Hevelius Hevelius NNP 39142 658 45 , , , 39142 658 46 both both CC 39142 658 47 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 658 48 seniors senior NNS 39142 658 49 by by IN 39142 658 50 a a DT 39142 658 51 generation generation NN 39142 658 52 . . . 39142 659 1 On on IN 39142 659 2 the the DT 39142 659 3 continent continent NN 39142 659 4 he -PRON- PRP 39142 659 5 associated associate VBD 39142 659 6 with with IN 39142 659 7 other other JJ 39142 659 8 great great JJ 39142 659 9 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 659 10 , , , 39142 659 11 especially especially RB 39142 659 12 Cassini Cassini NNP 39142 659 13 , , , 39142 659 14 who who WP 39142 659 15 had have VBD 39142 659 16 already already RB 39142 659 17 found find VBN 39142 659 18 three three CD 39142 659 19 Saturnian saturnian JJ 39142 659 20 moons moon NNS 39142 659 21 ; ; : 39142 659 22 and and CC 39142 659 23 it -PRON- PRP 39142 659 24 was be VBD 39142 659 25 then then RB 39142 659 26 he -PRON- PRP 39142 659 27 observed observe VBD 39142 659 28 the the DT 39142 659 29 great great JJ 39142 659 30 comet comet NN 39142 659 31 of of IN 39142 659 32 1680 1680 CD 39142 659 33 , , , 39142 659 34 which which WDT 39142 659 35 led lead VBD 39142 659 36 up up RP 39142 659 37 to to IN 39142 659 38 the the DT 39142 659 39 most most RBS 39142 659 40 famous famous JJ 39142 659 41 event event NN 39142 659 42 of of IN 39142 659 43 Halley Halley NNP 39142 659 44 's 's POS 39142 659 45 life life NN 39142 659 46 . . . 39142 660 1 The the DT 39142 660 2 seerlike seerlike JJ 39142 660 3 Seneca Seneca NNP 39142 660 4 may may MD 39142 660 5 almost almost RB 39142 660 6 be be VB 39142 660 7 said say VBN 39142 660 8 to to TO 39142 660 9 have have VB 39142 660 10 predicted predict VBN 39142 660 11 the the DT 39142 660 12 advent advent NN 39142 660 13 of of IN 39142 660 14 Halley Halley NNP 39142 660 15 , , , 39142 660 16 when when WRB 39142 660 17 he -PRON- PRP 39142 660 18 wrote write VBD 39142 660 19 ( ( -LRB- 39142 660 20 " " `` 39142 660 21 Quaestiones Quaestiones NNP 39142 660 22 Naturales Naturales NNPS 39142 660 23 , , , 39142 660 24 " " '' 39142 660 25 vii vii NN 39142 660 26 ) ) -RRB- 39142 660 27 : : : 39142 660 28 " " `` 39142 660 29 Some some DT 39142 660 30 day day NN 39142 660 31 there there EX 39142 660 32 will will MD 39142 660 33 arise arise VB 39142 660 34 a a DT 39142 660 35 man man NN 39142 660 36 who who WP 39142 660 37 will will MD 39142 660 38 demonstrate demonstrate VB 39142 660 39 in in IN 39142 660 40 what what WDT 39142 660 41 region region NN 39142 660 42 of of IN 39142 660 43 the the DT 39142 660 44 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 660 45 comets comet NNS 39142 660 46 pursue pursue VBP 39142 660 47 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 660 48 way way NN 39142 660 49 ; ; : 39142 660 50 why why WRB 39142 660 51 they -PRON- PRP 39142 660 52 travel travel VBP 39142 660 53 apart apart RB 39142 660 54 from from IN 39142 660 55 the the DT 39142 660 56 planets planet NNS 39142 660 57 ; ; : 39142 660 58 and and CC 39142 660 59 what what WP 39142 660 60 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 660 61 sizes size NNS 39142 660 62 and and CC 39142 660 63 constitution constitution NN 39142 660 64 are be VBP 39142 660 65 . . . 39142 661 1 Then then RB 39142 661 2 posterity posterity NN 39142 661 3 will will MD 39142 661 4 be be VB 39142 661 5 amazed amazed JJ 39142 661 6 that that IN 39142 661 7 simple simple JJ 39142 661 8 things thing NNS 39142 661 9 of of IN 39142 661 10 this this DT 39142 661 11 sort sort NN 39142 661 12 were be VBD 39142 661 13 not not RB 39142 661 14 explained explain VBN 39142 661 15 before before RB 39142 661 16 . . . 39142 661 17 " " '' 39142 662 1 To to IN 39142 662 2 Newton Newton NNP 39142 662 3 it -PRON- PRP 39142 662 4 appeared appear VBD 39142 662 5 probable probable JJ 39142 662 6 that that IN 39142 662 7 cometary cometary JJ 39142 662 8 voyagers voyager NNS 39142 662 9 through through IN 39142 662 10 space space NN 39142 662 11 might may MD 39142 662 12 have have VB 39142 662 13 orbits orbit NNS 39142 662 14 of of IN 39142 662 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 662 16 own own JJ 39142 662 17 ; ; : 39142 662 18 and and CC 39142 662 19 he -PRON- PRP 39142 662 20 proved prove VBD 39142 662 21 that that IN 39142 662 22 the the DT 39142 662 23 comet comet NN 39142 662 24 of of IN 39142 662 25 1680 1680 CD 39142 662 26 never never RB 39142 662 27 swerved swerve VBN 39142 662 28 from from IN 39142 662 29 such such PDT 39142 662 30 a a DT 39142 662 31 path path NN 39142 662 32 . . . 39142 663 1 As as IN 39142 663 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 663 3 could could MD 39142 663 4 nowhere nowhere RB 39142 663 5 approach approach VB 39142 663 6 within within IN 39142 663 7 the the DT 39142 663 8 moon moon NN 39142 663 9 's 's POS 39142 663 10 orbit orbit NN 39142 663 11 , , , 39142 663 12 clearly clearly RB 39142 663 13 threats threat NNS 39142 663 14 of of IN 39142 663 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 663 16 wrecking wreck VBG 39142 663 17 the the DT 39142 663 18 earth earth NN 39142 663 19 and and CC 39142 663 20 punishing punish VBG 39142 663 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 663 22 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 39142 663 23 ought ought MD 39142 663 24 to to TO 39142 663 25 frighten frighten VB 39142 663 26 no no DT 39142 663 27 more more RBR 39142 663 28 . . . 39142 664 1 Halley Halley NNP 39142 664 2 then then RB 39142 664 3 became become VBD 39142 664 4 intensely intensely RB 39142 664 5 interested interested JJ 39142 664 6 in in IN 39142 664 7 comets comet NNS 39142 664 8 , , , 39142 664 9 and and CC 39142 664 10 gathered gather VBD 39142 664 11 whatever whatever WDT 39142 664 12 data datum NNS 39142 664 13 concerning concern VBG 39142 664 14 the the DT 39142 664 15 paths path NNS 39142 664 16 of of IN 39142 664 17 all all PDT 39142 664 18 these these DT 39142 664 19 bodies body NNS 39142 664 20 he -PRON- PRP 39142 664 21 could could MD 39142 664 22 find find VB 39142 664 23 . . . 39142 665 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 665 2 first first JJ 39142 665 3 great great JJ 39142 665 4 discovery discovery NN 39142 665 5 was be VBD 39142 665 6 that that IN 39142 665 7 the the DT 39142 665 8 comets comet NNS 39142 665 9 seen see VBN 39142 665 10 in in IN 39142 665 11 1531 1531 CD 39142 665 12 by by IN 39142 665 13 Apian Apian NNP 39142 665 14 , , , 39142 665 15 and and CC 39142 665 16 in in IN 39142 665 17 1607 1607 CD 39142 665 18 by by IN 39142 665 19 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 665 20 , , , 39142 665 21 traveled travel VBD 39142 665 22 round round IN 39142 665 23 the the DT 39142 665 24 sun sun NN 39142 665 25 in in IN 39142 665 26 identical identical JJ 39142 665 27 paths path NNS 39142 665 28 with with IN 39142 665 29 one one CD 39142 665 30 he -PRON- PRP 39142 665 31 had have VBD 39142 665 32 himself -PRON- PRP 39142 665 33 observed observe VBN 39142 665 34 in in IN 39142 665 35 1682 1682 CD 39142 665 36 . . . 39142 666 1 A a DT 39142 666 2 still still RB 39142 666 3 earlier early JJR 39142 666 4 appearance appearance NN 39142 666 5 of of IN 39142 666 6 Halley Halley NNP 39142 666 7 's 's POS 39142 666 8 comet comet NN 39142 666 9 ( ( -LRB- 39142 666 10 1456 1456 CD 39142 666 11 ) ) -RRB- 39142 666 12 seems seem VBZ 39142 666 13 to to TO 39142 666 14 have have VB 39142 666 15 given give VBN 39142 666 16 rise rise NN 39142 666 17 to to IN 39142 666 18 a a DT 39142 666 19 popular popular JJ 39142 666 20 and and CC 39142 666 21 long long RB 39142 666 22 - - HYPH 39142 666 23 reiterated reiterate VBN 39142 666 24 myth myth NN 39142 666 25 of of IN 39142 666 26 a a DT 39142 666 27 papal papal JJ 39142 666 28 bull bull NN 39142 666 29 excommunicating excommunicate VBG 39142 666 30 " " `` 39142 666 31 the the DT 39142 666 32 Devil Devil NNP 39142 666 33 , , , 39142 666 34 the the DT 39142 666 35 Turk Turk NNP 39142 666 36 , , , 39142 666 37 and and CC 39142 666 38 the the DT 39142 666 39 Comet Comet NNP 39142 666 40 . . . 39142 666 41 " " '' 39142 667 1 No no RB 39142 667 2 longer long JJR 39142 667 3 room room NN 39142 667 4 for for IN 39142 667 5 doubt doubt NN 39142 667 6 : : : 39142 667 7 so so RB 39142 667 8 certain certain JJ 39142 667 9 was be VBD 39142 667 10 Halley Halley NNP 39142 667 11 that that IN 39142 667 12 all all DT 39142 667 13 three three CD 39142 667 14 were be VBD 39142 667 15 one one CD 39142 667 16 and and CC 39142 667 17 the the DT 39142 667 18 same same JJ 39142 667 19 comet comet NN 39142 667 20 , , , 39142 667 21 completing complete VBG 39142 667 22 the the DT 39142 667 23 round round NN 39142 667 24 of of IN 39142 667 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 667 26 orbit orbit NN 39142 667 27 in in IN 39142 667 28 about about RB 39142 667 29 seventy seventy CD 39142 667 30 - - HYPH 39142 667 31 six six CD 39142 667 32 years year NNS 39142 667 33 , , , 39142 667 34 that that IN 39142 667 35 he -PRON- PRP 39142 667 36 fearlessly fearlessly RB 39142 667 37 predicted predict VBD 39142 667 38 that that IN 39142 667 39 it -PRON- PRP 39142 667 40 would would MD 39142 667 41 be be VB 39142 667 42 seen see VBN 39142 667 43 again again RB 39142 667 44 in in IN 39142 667 45 1758 1758 CD 39142 667 46 or or CC 39142 667 47 1759 1759 CD 39142 667 48 . . . 39142 668 1 And and CC 39142 668 2 with with IN 39142 668 3 equal equal JJ 39142 668 4 confidence confidence NN 39142 668 5 he -PRON- PRP 39142 668 6 might may MD 39142 668 7 have have VB 39142 668 8 foretold foretell VBN 39142 668 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 668 10 return return NN 39142 668 11 in in IN 39142 668 12 1835 1835 CD 39142 668 13 and and CC 39142 668 14 1910 1910 CD 39142 668 15 ; ; : 39142 668 16 for for IN 39142 668 17 all all DT 39142 668 18 three three CD 39142 668 19 predictions prediction NNS 39142 668 20 have have VBP 39142 668 21 come come VBN 39142 668 22 true true JJ 39142 668 23 to to IN 39142 668 24 the the DT 39142 668 25 letter letter NN 39142 668 26 . . . 39142 669 1 Halley Halley NNP 39142 669 2 's 's POS 39142 669 3 span span NN 39142 669 4 of of IN 39142 669 5 existence existence NN 39142 669 6 did do VBD 39142 669 7 not not RB 39142 669 8 permit permit VB 39142 669 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 669 10 living living NN 39142 669 11 to to TO 39142 669 12 see see VB 39142 669 13 even even RB 39142 669 14 the the DT 39142 669 15 first first JJ 39142 669 16 of of IN 39142 669 17 these these DT 39142 669 18 now now RB 39142 669 19 historic historic JJ 39142 669 20 verifications verification NNS 39142 669 21 . . . 39142 670 1 But but CC 39142 670 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 670 3 in in IN 39142 670 4 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 670 5 day day NN 39142 670 6 may may MD 39142 670 7 emphatically emphatically RB 39142 670 8 term term VB 39142 670 9 the the DT 39142 670 10 epoch epoch NN 39142 670 11 of of IN 39142 670 12 the the DT 39142 670 13 third third JJ 39142 670 14 verified verify VBN 39142 670 15 return return NN 39142 670 16 _ _ NNP 39142 670 17 Annus Annus NNP 39142 670 18 Halleianus Halleianus NNP 39142 670 19 _ _ NNP 39142 670 20 . . . 39142 671 1 Says say VBZ 39142 671 2 Turner Turner NNP 39142 671 3 , , , 39142 671 4 Halley Halley NNP 39142 671 5 's 's POS 39142 671 6 successor successor NN 39142 671 7 in in IN 39142 671 8 the the DT 39142 671 9 Savilian savilian JJ 39142 671 10 chair chair NN 39142 671 11 at at IN 39142 671 12 Oxford Oxford NNP 39142 671 13 to to IN 39142 671 14 - - HYPH 39142 671 15 day day NN 39142 671 16 : : : 39142 671 17 " " `` 39142 671 18 There there EX 39142 671 19 can can MD 39142 671 20 be be VB 39142 671 21 no no DT 39142 671 22 more more RBR 39142 671 23 complete complete JJ 39142 671 24 or or CC 39142 671 25 more more RBR 39142 671 26 sensational sensational JJ 39142 671 27 proof proof NN 39142 671 28 of of IN 39142 671 29 a a DT 39142 671 30 scientific scientific JJ 39142 671 31 law law NN 39142 671 32 , , , 39142 671 33 than than IN 39142 671 34 to to TO 39142 671 35 predict predict VB 39142 671 36 events event NNS 39142 671 37 by by IN 39142 671 38 means mean NNS 39142 671 39 of of IN 39142 671 40 it -PRON- PRP 39142 671 41 . . . 39142 672 1 Halley Halley NNP 39142 672 2 was be VBD 39142 672 3 deservedly deservedly RB 39142 672 4 the the DT 39142 672 5 first first JJ 39142 672 6 to to TO 39142 672 7 perform perform VB 39142 672 8 this this DT 39142 672 9 great great JJ 39142 672 10 service service NN 39142 672 11 for for IN 39142 672 12 Newton Newton NNP 39142 672 13 's 's POS 39142 672 14 Law Law NNP 39142 672 15 of of IN 39142 672 16 Gravitation Gravitation NNP 39142 672 17 , , , 39142 672 18 and and CC 39142 672 19 he -PRON- PRP 39142 672 20 would would MD 39142 672 21 have have VB 39142 672 22 rejoiced rejoice VBN 39142 672 23 to to TO 39142 672 24 think think VB 39142 672 25 how how WRB 39142 672 26 conspicuous conspicuous JJ 39142 672 27 a a DT 39142 672 28 part part NN 39142 672 29 England England NNP 39142 672 30 was be VBD 39142 672 31 to to TO 39142 672 32 play play VB 39142 672 33 in in IN 39142 672 34 the the DT 39142 672 35 subsequent subsequent JJ 39142 672 36 prediction prediction NN 39142 672 37 of of IN 39142 672 38 the the DT 39142 672 39 existence existence NN 39142 672 40 of of IN 39142 672 41 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 672 42 . . . 39142 672 43 " " '' 39142 673 1 Halley Halley NNP 39142 673 2 rose rise VBD 39142 673 3 rapidly rapidly RB 39142 673 4 among among IN 39142 673 5 the the DT 39142 673 6 chief chief JJ 39142 673 7 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 673 8 figures figure NNS 39142 673 9 of of IN 39142 673 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 673 11 day day NN 39142 673 12 . . . 39142 674 1 But but CC 39142 674 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 674 3 had have VBD 39142 674 4 little little JJ 39142 674 5 veneration veneration NN 39142 674 6 for for IN 39142 674 7 mere mere JJ 39142 674 8 authority authority NN 39142 674 9 , , , 39142 674 10 and and CC 39142 674 11 the the DT 39142 674 12 significant significant JJ 39142 674 13 veering veering NN 39142 674 14 of of IN 39142 674 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 674 16 religious religious JJ 39142 674 17 views view NNS 39142 674 18 toward toward IN 39142 674 19 heterodoxy heterodoxy NNP 39142 674 20 was be VBD 39142 674 21 for for IN 39142 674 22 years year NNS 39142 674 23 an an DT 39142 674 24 obstacle obstacle NN 39142 674 25 to to IN 39142 674 26 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 674 27 advance advance NN 39142 674 28 . . . 39142 675 1 Still still RB 39142 675 2 Halley Halley NNP 39142 675 3 the the DT 39142 675 4 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 675 5 was be VBD 39142 675 6 great great JJ 39142 675 7 enough enough RB 39142 675 8 to to TO 39142 675 9 question question VB 39142 675 10 any any DT 39142 675 11 contemporary contemporary JJ 39142 675 12 dicta dicta NN 39142 675 13 that that WDT 39142 675 14 seemed seem VBD 39142 675 15 to to TO 39142 675 16 rest rest VB 39142 675 17 on on IN 39142 675 18 authority authority NN 39142 675 19 alone alone RB 39142 675 20 . . . 39142 676 1 Everyone everyone NN 39142 676 2 called call VBD 39142 676 3 the the DT 39142 676 4 stars star NNS 39142 676 5 " " `` 39142 676 6 fixed fix VBN 39142 676 7 " " '' 39142 676 8 stars star NNS 39142 676 9 ; ; : 39142 676 10 but but CC 39142 676 11 Halley Halley NNP 39142 676 12 doubting doubt VBG 39142 676 13 this this DT 39142 676 14 , , , 39142 676 15 made make VBD 39142 676 16 the the DT 39142 676 17 first first JJ 39142 676 18 discovery discovery NN 39142 676 19 of of IN 39142 676 20 a a DT 39142 676 21 star star NN 39142 676 22 's 's POS 39142 676 23 individual individual JJ 39142 676 24 motion motion NN 39142 676 25 -- -- : 39142 676 26 proper proper JJ 39142 676 27 motion motion NN 39142 676 28 , , , 39142 676 29 as as IN 39142 676 30 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 676 31 say say VBP 39142 676 32 . . . 39142 677 1 To to NN 39142 677 2 - - HYPH 39142 677 3 day day NN 39142 677 4 , , , 39142 677 5 two two CD 39142 677 6 hundred hundred CD 39142 677 7 years year NNS 39142 677 8 after after RB 39142 677 9 , , , 39142 677 10 every every DT 39142 677 11 star star NN 39142 677 12 is be VBZ 39142 677 13 considered consider VBN 39142 677 14 to to TO 39142 677 15 be be VB 39142 677 16 in in IN 39142 677 17 motion motion NN 39142 677 18 , , , 39142 677 19 and and CC 39142 677 20 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 677 21 are be VBP 39142 677 22 ascertaining ascertain VBG 39142 677 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 677 24 real real JJ 39142 677 25 motions motion NNS 39142 677 26 in in IN 39142 677 27 the the DT 39142 677 28 celestial celestial JJ 39142 677 29 spaces space NNS 39142 677 30 to to IN 39142 677 31 a a DT 39142 677 32 nicety nicety NN 39142 677 33 undreamed undreamed JJ 39142 677 34 of of IN 39142 677 35 by by IN 39142 677 36 even even RB 39142 677 37 the the DT 39142 677 38 exacting exact VBG 39142 677 39 Halley Halley NNP 39142 677 40 . . . 39142 678 1 The the DT 39142 678 2 moon moon NN 39142 678 3 , , , 39142 678 4 of of IN 39142 678 5 priceless priceless JJ 39142 678 6 service service NN 39142 678 7 to to IN 39142 678 8 the the DT 39142 678 9 early early JJ 39142 678 10 navigator navigator NN 39142 678 11 , , , 39142 678 12 was be VBD 39142 678 13 regarded regard VBN 39142 678 14 by by IN 39142 678 15 all all DT 39142 678 16 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 678 17 as as IN 39142 678 18 endowed endow VBN 39142 678 19 with with IN 39142 678 20 an an DT 39142 678 21 average average JJ 39142 678 22 rate rate NN 39142 678 23 of of IN 39142 678 24 motion motion NN 39142 678 25 round round IN 39142 678 26 the the DT 39142 678 27 earth earth NN 39142 678 28 that that WDT 39142 678 29 did do VBD 39142 678 30 not not RB 39142 678 31 vary vary VB 39142 678 32 from from IN 39142 678 33 age age NN 39142 678 34 to to IN 39142 678 35 age age NN 39142 678 36 . . . 39142 679 1 But but CC 39142 679 2 Halley Halley NNP 39142 679 3 questioned question VBD 39142 679 4 this this DT 39142 679 5 too too RB 39142 679 6 ; ; : 39142 679 7 and and CC 39142 679 8 on on IN 39142 679 9 comparing compare VBG 39142 679 10 with with IN 39142 679 11 the the DT 39142 679 12 ancient ancient JJ 39142 679 13 value value NN 39142 679 14 from from IN 39142 679 15 Chaldean Chaldean NNP 39142 679 16 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 679 17 , , , 39142 679 18 he -PRON- PRP 39142 679 19 made make VBD 39142 679 20 another another DT 39142 679 21 discovery discovery NN 39142 679 22 -- -- : 39142 679 23 the the DT 39142 679 24 secular secular JJ 39142 679 25 acceleration acceleration NN 39142 679 26 of of IN 39142 679 27 the the DT 39142 679 28 moon moon NN 39142 679 29 's 's POS 39142 679 30 mean mean JJ 39142 679 31 motion motion NN 39142 679 32 , , , 39142 679 33 as as IN 39142 679 34 it -PRON- PRP 39142 679 35 is be VBZ 39142 679 36 technically technically RB 39142 679 37 termed term VBN 39142 679 38 . . . 39142 680 1 This this DT 39142 680 2 was be VBD 39142 680 3 a a DT 39142 680 4 colossal colossal JJ 39142 680 5 discovery discovery NN 39142 680 6 in in IN 39142 680 7 celestial celestial JJ 39142 680 8 dynamics dynamic NNS 39142 680 9 ; ; : 39142 680 10 and and CC 39142 680 11 the the DT 39142 680 12 reason reason NN 39142 680 13 underlying underlie VBG 39142 680 14 it -PRON- PRP 39142 680 15 lay lie VBD 39142 680 16 hidden hide VBN 39142 680 17 in in IN 39142 680 18 Newton Newton NNP 39142 680 19 's 's POS 39142 680 20 law law NN 39142 680 21 for for IN 39142 680 22 yet yet RB 39142 680 23 another another DT 39142 680 24 century century NN 39142 680 25 , , , 39142 680 26 till till IN 39142 680 27 the the DT 39142 680 28 keener keener NNP 39142 680 29 mathematics mathematic NNS 39142 680 30 of of IN 39142 680 31 Laplace Laplace NNP 39142 680 32 detected detect VBD 39142 680 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 680 34 true true JJ 39142 680 35 origin origin NN 39142 680 36 . . . 39142 681 1 * * NFP 39142 681 2 * * NFP 39142 681 3 * * NFP 39142 681 4 * * NFP 39142 681 5 * * NFP 39142 681 6 With with IN 39142 681 7 Newton Newton NNP 39142 681 8 , , , 39142 681 9 Halley Halley NNP 39142 681 10 laid lay VBD 39142 681 11 down down RP 39142 681 12 the the DT 39142 681 13 firm firm JJ 39142 681 14 foundations foundation NNS 39142 681 15 of of IN 39142 681 16 celestial celestial JJ 39142 681 17 mechanics mechanic NNS 39142 681 18 , , , 39142 681 19 and and CC 39142 681 20 they -PRON- PRP 39142 681 21 pushed push VBD 39142 681 22 the the DT 39142 681 23 science science NN 39142 681 24 as as RB 39142 681 25 far far RB 39142 681 26 as as IN 39142 681 27 the the DT 39142 681 28 mathematics mathematic NNS 39142 681 29 of of IN 39142 681 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 681 31 day day NN 39142 681 32 would would MD 39142 681 33 permit permit VB 39142 681 34 . . . 39142 682 1 Halley Halley NNP 39142 682 2 , , , 39142 682 3 however however RB 39142 682 4 , , , 39142 682 5 was be VBD 39142 682 6 not not RB 39142 682 7 content content JJ 39142 682 8 with with IN 39142 682 9 elucidating elucidate VBG 39142 682 10 the the DT 39142 682 11 motion motion NN 39142 682 12 of of IN 39142 682 13 bodies body NNS 39142 682 14 nearest near JJS 39142 682 15 the the DT 39142 682 16 earth earth NN 39142 682 17 , , , 39142 682 18 and and CC 39142 682 19 pressed press VBD 39142 682 20 to to IN 39142 682 21 the the DT 39142 682 22 utmost utmost JJ 39142 682 23 confines confine NNS 39142 682 24 of of IN 39142 682 25 the the DT 39142 682 26 solar solar JJ 39142 682 27 system system NN 39142 682 28 known know VBN 39142 682 29 to to IN 39142 682 30 him -PRON- PRP 39142 682 31 . . . 39142 683 1 Here here RB 39142 683 2 , , , 39142 683 3 too too RB 39142 683 4 , , , 39142 683 5 he -PRON- PRP 39142 683 6 made make VBD 39142 683 7 a a DT 39142 683 8 signal signal JJ 39142 683 9 discovery discovery NN 39142 683 10 of of IN 39142 683 11 that that DT 39142 683 12 mutual mutual JJ 39142 683 13 disturbance disturbance NN 39142 683 14 of of IN 39142 683 15 the the DT 39142 683 16 planets planet NNS 39142 683 17 in in IN 39142 683 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 683 19 motion motion NN 39142 683 20 round round IN 39142 683 21 the the DT 39142 683 22 sun sun NN 39142 683 23 , , , 39142 683 24 called call VBD 39142 683 25 the the DT 39142 683 26 great great JJ 39142 683 27 inequality inequality NN 39142 683 28 of of IN 39142 683 29 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 683 30 and and CC 39142 683 31 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 683 32 . . . 39142 684 1 Halley Halley NNP 39142 684 2 's 's POS 39142 684 3 versatile versatile JJ 39142 684 4 genius genius NN 39142 684 5 attacked attack VBD 39142 684 6 all all PDT 39142 684 7 the the DT 39142 684 8 great great JJ 39142 684 9 problems problem NNS 39142 684 10 of of IN 39142 684 11 the the DT 39142 684 12 day day NN 39142 684 13 . . . 39142 685 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 685 2 observation observation NN 39142 685 3 of of IN 39142 685 4 the the DT 39142 685 5 sun sun NN 39142 685 6 's 's POS 39142 685 7 total total JJ 39142 685 8 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 685 9 in in IN 39142 685 10 1715 1715 CD 39142 685 11 is be VBZ 39142 685 12 the the DT 39142 685 13 earliest early JJS 39142 685 14 reliable reliable JJ 39142 685 15 account account NN 39142 685 16 of of IN 39142 685 17 such such PDT 39142 685 18 a a DT 39142 685 19 phenomenon phenomenon NN 39142 685 20 by by IN 39142 685 21 a a DT 39142 685 22 trained train VBN 39142 685 23 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 685 24 . . . 39142 686 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 686 2 described describe VBD 39142 686 3 the the DT 39142 686 4 corona corona NN 39142 686 5 minutely minutely RB 39142 686 6 and and CC 39142 686 7 was be VBD 39142 686 8 the the DT 39142 686 9 first first JJ 39142 686 10 to to TO 39142 686 11 see see VB 39142 686 12 that that IN 39142 686 13 other other JJ 39142 686 14 interesting interesting JJ 39142 686 15 phenomenon phenomenon NN 39142 686 16 which which WDT 39142 686 17 only only RB 39142 686 18 an an DT 39142 686 19 alert alert JJ 39142 686 20 observer observer NN 39142 686 21 can can MD 39142 686 22 detect detect VB 39142 686 23 , , , 39142 686 24 which which WDT 39142 686 25 a a DT 39142 686 26 great great JJ 39142 686 27 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 686 28 of of IN 39142 686 29 a a DT 39142 686 30 later later JJ 39142 686 31 day day NN 39142 686 32 compared compare VBN 39142 686 33 to to IN 39142 686 34 the the DT 39142 686 35 " " `` 39142 686 36 ignition ignition NN 39142 686 37 of of IN 39142 686 38 a a DT 39142 686 39 fine fine JJ 39142 686 40 train train NN 39142 686 41 of of IN 39142 686 42 gunpowder gunpowder NN 39142 686 43 , , , 39142 686 44 " " '' 39142 686 45 and and CC 39142 686 46 which which WDT 39142 686 47 has have VBZ 39142 686 48 ever ever RB 39142 686 49 since since IN 39142 686 50 borne bear VBN 39142 686 51 the the DT 39142 686 52 name name NN 39142 686 53 of of IN 39142 686 54 " " `` 39142 686 55 Baily Baily NNP 39142 686 56 's 's POS 39142 686 57 beads bead NNS 39142 686 58 . . . 39142 686 59 " " '' 39142 687 1 Besides besides IN 39142 687 2 being be VBG 39142 687 3 a a DT 39142 687 4 great great JJ 39142 687 5 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 687 6 , , , 39142 687 7 Halley Halley NNP 39142 687 8 was be VBD 39142 687 9 a a DT 39142 687 10 man man NN 39142 687 11 of of IN 39142 687 12 affairs affair NNS 39142 687 13 as as RB 39142 687 14 well well RB 39142 687 15 , , , 39142 687 16 which which WDT 39142 687 17 Newton Newton NNP 39142 687 18 , , , 39142 687 19 although although IN 39142 687 20 the the DT 39142 687 21 greater great JJR 39142 687 22 mathematician mathematician NNP 39142 687 23 , , , 39142 687 24 was be VBD 39142 687 25 not not RB 39142 687 26 . . . 39142 688 1 Without without IN 39142 688 2 Halley Halley NNP 39142 688 3 , , , 39142 688 4 Newton Newton NNP 39142 688 5 's 's POS 39142 688 6 superb superb JJ 39142 688 7 discovery discovery NN 39142 688 8 might may MD 39142 688 9 easily easily RB 39142 688 10 have have VB 39142 688 11 been be VBN 39142 688 12 lost lose VBN 39142 688 13 to to IN 39142 688 14 the the DT 39142 688 15 age age NN 39142 688 16 and and CC 39142 688 17 nation nation NN 39142 688 18 , , , 39142 688 19 for for IN 39142 688 20 the the DT 39142 688 21 latter latter JJ 39142 688 22 was be VBD 39142 688 23 bent bent JJ 39142 688 24 merely merely RB 39142 688 25 on on IN 39142 688 26 making make VBG 39142 688 27 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 688 28 , , , 39142 688 29 and and CC 39142 688 30 on on IN 39142 688 31 speculative speculative JJ 39142 688 32 contemplation contemplation NN 39142 688 33 of of IN 39142 688 34 them -PRON- PRP 39142 688 35 , , , 39142 688 36 with with IN 39142 688 37 never never RB 39142 688 38 a a DT 39142 688 39 thought thought NN 39142 688 40 of of IN 39142 688 41 publishing publish VBG 39142 688 42 to to IN 39142 688 43 the the DT 39142 688 44 world world NN 39142 688 45 . . . 39142 689 1 Halley Halley NNP 39142 689 2 , , , 39142 689 3 more more RBR 39142 689 4 practical practical JJ 39142 689 5 and and CC 39142 689 6 businesslike businesslike JJ 39142 689 7 , , , 39142 689 8 insisted insist VBD 39142 689 9 on on IN 39142 689 10 careful careful JJ 39142 689 11 writing writing NN 39142 689 12 out out RP 39142 689 13 and and CC 39142 689 14 publication publication NN 39142 689 15 . . . 39142 690 1 Newton Newton NNP 39142 690 2 was be VBD 39142 690 3 then then RB 39142 690 4 only only RB 39142 690 5 forty forty CD 39142 690 6 - - HYPH 39142 690 7 two two CD 39142 690 8 , , , 39142 690 9 and and CC 39142 690 10 Halley Halley NNP 39142 690 11 fully fully RB 39142 690 12 fourteen fourteen CD 39142 690 13 years year NNS 39142 690 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 690 15 junior junior NN 39142 690 16 . . . 39142 691 1 But but CC 39142 691 2 the the DT 39142 691 3 philosophers philosopher NNS 39142 691 4 of of IN 39142 691 5 that that DT 39142 691 6 day day NN 39142 691 7 were be VBD 39142 691 8 keenly keenly RB 39142 691 9 alive alive JJ 39142 691 10 to to IN 39142 691 11 the the DT 39142 691 12 mystery mystery NN 39142 691 13 of of IN 39142 691 14 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 691 15 's 's POS 39142 691 16 laws law NNS 39142 691 17 , , , 39142 691 18 and and CC 39142 691 19 Halley Halley NNP 39142 691 20 was be VBD 39142 691 21 fully fully RB 39142 691 22 conscious conscious JJ 39142 691 23 of of IN 39142 691 24 the the DT 39142 691 25 grandeur grandeur NN 39142 691 26 and and CC 39142 691 27 far far RB 39142 691 28 - - HYPH 39142 691 29 reaching reach VBG 39142 691 30 significance significance NN 39142 691 31 of of IN 39142 691 32 Newton Newton NNP 39142 691 33 's 's POS 39142 691 34 great great JJ 39142 691 35 generalization generalization NN 39142 691 36 which which WDT 39142 691 37 embodied embody VBD 39142 691 38 all all DT 39142 691 39 three three CD 39142 691 40 of of IN 39142 691 41 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 691 42 's 's POS 39142 691 43 laws law NNS 39142 691 44 in in IN 39142 691 45 one one CD 39142 691 46 . . . 39142 692 1 Newton Newton NNP 39142 692 2 at at IN 39142 692 3 last last JJ 39142 692 4 yielded yield VBN 39142 692 5 , , , 39142 692 6 though though IN 39142 692 7 reluctantly reluctantly RB 39142 692 8 , , , 39142 692 9 and and CC 39142 692 10 the the DT 39142 692 11 " " `` 39142 692 12 Principia Principia NNP 39142 692 13 " " '' 39142 692 14 was be VBD 39142 692 15 given give VBN 39142 692 16 to to IN 39142 692 17 the the DT 39142 692 18 world world NN 39142 692 19 , , , 39142 692 20 though though IN 39142 692 21 wholly wholly RB 39142 692 22 at at IN 39142 692 23 Halley Halley NNP 39142 692 24 's 's POS 39142 692 25 private private JJ 39142 692 26 charges charge NNS 39142 692 27 . . . 39142 693 1 But but CC 39142 693 2 Halley Halley NNP 39142 693 3 was be VBD 39142 693 4 far far RB 39142 693 5 from from IN 39142 693 6 being be VBG 39142 693 7 completely completely RB 39142 693 8 engrossed engross VBN 39142 693 9 with with IN 39142 693 10 the the DT 39142 693 11 absorbing absorb VBG 39142 693 12 problems problem NNS 39142 693 13 of of IN 39142 693 14 the the DT 39142 693 15 sky sky NN 39142 693 16 ; ; : 39142 693 17 things thing NNS 39142 693 18 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 39142 693 19 held hold VBN 39142 693 20 for for IN 39142 693 21 years year NNS 39142 693 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 693 23 undivided undivided JJ 39142 693 24 attention attention NN 39142 693 25 . . . 39142 694 1 Imagine imagine VB 39142 694 2 present present JJ 39142 694 3 - - HYPH 39142 694 4 day day NN 39142 694 5 Lords Lords NNPS 39142 694 6 Commissioners Commissioners NNPS 39142 694 7 of of IN 39142 694 8 the the DT 39142 694 9 Admiralty Admiralty NNP 39142 694 10 intrusting intrust VBG 39142 694 11 a a DT 39142 694 12 ship ship NN 39142 694 13 of of IN 39142 694 14 the the DT 39142 694 15 British british JJ 39142 694 16 navy navy NNP 39142 694 17 to to TO 39142 694 18 civilian civilian JJ 39142 694 19 command command NN 39142 694 20 . . . 39142 695 1 Yet yet CC 39142 695 2 such such JJ 39142 695 3 was be VBD 39142 695 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 695 5 confidence confidence NN 39142 695 6 in in IN 39142 695 7 Halley Halley NNP 39142 695 8 that that IN 39142 695 9 he -PRON- PRP 39142 695 10 was be VBD 39142 695 11 commissioned commission VBN 39142 695 12 as as IN 39142 695 13 captain captain NN 39142 695 14 of of IN 39142 695 15 H. H. NNP 39142 695 16 M. M. NNP 39142 695 17 's 's POS 39142 695 18 pink pink NN 39142 695 19 _ _ NNP 39142 695 20 Paramour Paramour NNP 39142 695 21 _ _ NNP 39142 695 22 in in IN 39142 695 23 1698 1698 CD 39142 695 24 , , , 39142 695 25 with with IN 39142 695 26 instructions instruction NNS 39142 695 27 to to TO 39142 695 28 proceed proceed VB 39142 695 29 to to IN 39142 695 30 southern southern JJ 39142 695 31 seas sea NNS 39142 695 32 for for IN 39142 695 33 geographical geographical JJ 39142 695 34 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 695 35 , , , 39142 695 36 and and CC 39142 695 37 for for IN 39142 695 38 improving improve VBG 39142 695 39 knowledge knowledge NN 39142 695 40 of of IN 39142 695 41 the the DT 39142 695 42 longitude longitude NN 39142 695 43 problem problem NN 39142 695 44 , , , 39142 695 45 and and CC 39142 695 46 of of IN 39142 695 47 the the DT 39142 695 48 variations variation NNS 39142 695 49 of of IN 39142 695 50 the the DT 39142 695 51 compass compass NN 39142 695 52 . . . 39142 696 1 Trade trade NN 39142 696 2 winds wind NNS 39142 696 3 and and CC 39142 696 4 monsoons monsoon NNS 39142 696 5 , , , 39142 696 6 charts chart NNS 39142 696 7 of of IN 39142 696 8 magnetic magnetic JJ 39142 696 9 variation variation NN 39142 696 10 , , , 39142 696 11 tides tide NNS 39142 696 12 and and CC 39142 696 13 surveys survey NNS 39142 696 14 of of IN 39142 696 15 the the DT 39142 696 16 Channel Channel NNP 39142 696 17 coast coast NN 39142 696 18 , , , 39142 696 19 and and CC 39142 696 20 experiments experiment NNS 39142 696 21 with with IN 39142 696 22 diving diving JJ 39142 696 23 bells bell NNS 39142 696 24 were be VBD 39142 696 25 practical practical JJ 39142 696 26 activities activity NNS 39142 696 27 that that WDT 39142 696 28 occupied occupy VBD 39142 696 29 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 696 30 attention attention NN 39142 696 31 . . . 39142 697 1 Halley Halley NNP 39142 697 2 in in IN 39142 697 3 1720 1720 CD 39142 697 4 became become VBD 39142 697 5 Astronomer Astronomer NNP 39142 697 6 Royal Royal NNP 39142 697 7 . . . 39142 698 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 698 2 was be VBD 39142 698 3 the the DT 39142 698 4 second second JJ 39142 698 5 incumbent incumbent NN 39142 698 6 of of IN 39142 698 7 this this DT 39142 698 8 great great JJ 39142 698 9 office office NN 39142 698 10 , , , 39142 698 11 but but CC 39142 698 12 the the DT 39142 698 13 first first JJ 39142 698 14 to to TO 39142 698 15 supply supply VB 39142 698 16 the the DT 39142 698 17 Royal Royal NNP 39142 698 18 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 698 19 with with IN 39142 698 20 instruments instrument NNS 39142 698 21 of of IN 39142 698 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 698 23 own own JJ 39142 698 24 , , , 39142 698 25 some some DT 39142 698 26 of of IN 39142 698 27 which which WDT 39142 698 28 adorn adorn VBP 39142 698 29 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 698 30 walls wall NNS 39142 698 31 even even RB 39142 698 32 to to IN 39142 698 33 - - HYPH 39142 698 34 day day NN 39142 698 35 . . . 39142 699 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 699 2 long long JJ 39142 699 3 series series NN 39142 699 4 of of IN 39142 699 5 lunar lunar JJ 39142 699 6 observations observation NNS 39142 699 7 and and CC 39142 699 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 699 9 magnetic magnetic JJ 39142 699 10 researches research NNS 39142 699 11 were be VBD 39142 699 12 of of IN 39142 699 13 immense immense JJ 39142 699 14 practical practical JJ 39142 699 15 value value NN 39142 699 16 in in IN 39142 699 17 navigation navigation NN 39142 699 18 . . . 39142 700 1 Halley Halley NNP 39142 700 2 lived live VBD 39142 700 3 to to IN 39142 700 4 a a DT 39142 700 5 ripe ripe JJ 39142 700 6 old old JJ 39142 700 7 age age NN 39142 700 8 and and CC 39142 700 9 left leave VBD 39142 700 10 the the DT 39142 700 11 world world NN 39142 700 12 vastly vastly RB 39142 700 13 better well JJR 39142 700 14 than than IN 39142 700 15 he -PRON- PRP 39142 700 16 found find VBD 39142 700 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 700 18 . . . 39142 701 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 701 2 rise rise NN 39142 701 3 from from IN 39142 701 4 humblest humblest NN 39142 701 5 obscurity obscurity NN 39142 701 6 was be VBD 39142 701 7 most most RBS 39142 701 8 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 701 9 , , , 39142 701 10 and and CC 39142 701 11 he -PRON- PRP 39142 701 12 lived live VBD 39142 701 13 to to TO 39142 701 14 gratify gratify VB 39142 701 15 all all PDT 39142 701 16 the the DT 39142 701 17 ambitions ambition NNS 39142 701 18 of of IN 39142 701 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 701 20 early early JJ 39142 701 21 manhood manhood NN 39142 701 22 . . . 39142 702 1 " " `` 39142 702 2 Of of IN 39142 702 3 attractive attractive JJ 39142 702 4 appearance appearance NN 39142 702 5 , , , 39142 702 6 pleasing pleasing JJ 39142 702 7 manners manner NNS 39142 702 8 , , , 39142 702 9 and and CC 39142 702 10 ready ready JJ 39142 702 11 wit wit NN 39142 702 12 , , , 39142 702 13 " " '' 39142 702 14 says say VBZ 39142 702 15 one one CD 39142 702 16 of of IN 39142 702 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 702 18 biographers biographer NNS 39142 702 19 , , , 39142 702 20 " " '' 39142 702 21 loyal loyal JJ 39142 702 22 , , , 39142 702 23 generous generous JJ 39142 702 24 , , , 39142 702 25 and and CC 39142 702 26 free free JJ 39142 702 27 from from IN 39142 702 28 self self NN 39142 702 29 - - HYPH 39142 702 30 seeking seek VBG 39142 702 31 , , , 39142 702 32 he -PRON- PRP 39142 702 33 was be VBD 39142 702 34 one one CD 39142 702 35 of of IN 39142 702 36 the the DT 39142 702 37 most most RBS 39142 702 38 personally personally RB 39142 702 39 engaging engage VBG 39142 702 40 men man NNS 39142 702 41 who who WP 39142 702 42 ever ever RB 39142 702 43 held hold VBD 39142 702 44 the the DT 39142 702 45 office office NN 39142 702 46 of of IN 39142 702 47 Astronomer Astronomer NNP 39142 702 48 Royal Royal NNP 39142 702 49 . . . 39142 702 50 " " '' 39142 703 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 703 2 died die VBD 39142 703 3 in in IN 39142 703 4 office office NN 39142 703 5 at at IN 39142 703 6 Greenwich Greenwich NNP 39142 703 7 in in IN 39142 703 8 1742 1742 CD 39142 703 9 . . . 39142 704 1 " " `` 39142 704 2 Halley Halley NNP 39142 704 3 was be VBD 39142 704 4 buried bury VBN 39142 704 5 , , , 39142 704 6 " " '' 39142 704 7 says say VBZ 39142 704 8 Chambers Chambers NNP 39142 704 9 , , , 39142 704 10 " " `` 39142 704 11 in in IN 39142 704 12 the the DT 39142 704 13 churchyard churchyard NN 39142 704 14 of of IN 39142 704 15 St. St. NNP 39142 704 16 Margaret Margaret NNP 39142 704 17 's 's POS 39142 704 18 , , , 39142 704 19 Lee Lee NNP 39142 704 20 , , , 39142 704 21 not not RB 39142 704 22 far far RB 39142 704 23 from from IN 39142 704 24 Greenwich Greenwich NNP 39142 704 25 , , , 39142 704 26 and and CC 39142 704 27 it -PRON- PRP 39142 704 28 has have VBZ 39142 704 29 lately lately RB 39142 704 30 been be VBN 39142 704 31 announced announce VBN 39142 704 32 that that IN 39142 704 33 the the DT 39142 704 34 Admiralty Admiralty NNP 39142 704 35 have have VBP 39142 704 36 decided decide VBN 39142 704 37 to to TO 39142 704 38 repair repair VB 39142 704 39 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 704 40 tomb tomb NN 39142 704 41 at at IN 39142 704 42 the the DT 39142 704 43 public public JJ 39142 704 44 expense expense NN 39142 704 45 , , , 39142 704 46 no no DT 39142 704 47 descendants descendant NNS 39142 704 48 of of IN 39142 704 49 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 704 50 being be VBG 39142 704 51 known know VBN 39142 704 52 . . . 39142 704 53 " " '' 39142 705 1 There there EX 39142 705 2 is be VBZ 39142 705 3 no no DT 39142 705 4 suitable suitable JJ 39142 705 5 monument monument NN 39142 705 6 in in IN 39142 705 7 England England NNP 39142 705 8 to to IN 39142 705 9 the the DT 39142 705 10 memory memory NN 39142 705 11 of of IN 39142 705 12 one one CD 39142 705 13 of of IN 39142 705 14 her -PRON- PRP$ 39142 705 15 greatest great JJS 39142 705 16 scientific scientific JJ 39142 705 17 men man NNS 39142 705 18 . . . 39142 706 1 In in IN 39142 706 2 any any DT 39142 706 3 event event NN 39142 706 4 the the DT 39142 706 5 collection collection NN 39142 706 6 and and CC 39142 706 7 republication republication NN 39142 706 8 of of IN 39142 706 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 706 10 epoch epoch NN 39142 706 11 - - HYPH 39142 706 12 making make VBG 39142 706 13 papers paper NNS 39142 706 14 would would MD 39142 706 15 be be VB 39142 706 16 welcomed welcome VBN 39142 706 17 by by IN 39142 706 18 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 706 19 of of IN 39142 706 20 every every DT 39142 706 21 nation nation NN 39142 706 22 . . . 39142 707 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39142 707 2 XVII XVII NNP 39142 707 3 BRADLEY BRADLEY NNP 39142 707 4 AND and CC 39142 707 5 ABERRATION aberration VB 39142 707 6 Living live VBG 39142 707 7 at at IN 39142 707 8 Kew Kew NNP 39142 707 9 in in IN 39142 707 10 London London NNP 39142 707 11 early early RB 39142 707 12 in in IN 39142 707 13 the the DT 39142 707 14 18th 18th JJ 39142 707 15 century century NN 39142 707 16 was be VBD 39142 707 17 an an DT 39142 707 18 enthusiastic enthusiastic JJ 39142 707 19 young young JJ 39142 707 20 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 707 21 , , , 39142 707 22 James James NNP 39142 707 23 Bradley Bradley NNP 39142 707 24 . . . 39142 708 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 708 2 is be VBZ 39142 708 3 famous famous JJ 39142 708 4 chiefly chiefly RB 39142 708 5 for for IN 39142 708 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 708 7 accurate accurate JJ 39142 708 8 observations observation NNS 39142 708 9 of of IN 39142 708 10 star star NN 39142 708 11 places place NNS 39142 708 12 which which WDT 39142 708 13 have have VBP 39142 708 14 been be VBN 39142 708 15 invaluable invaluable JJ 39142 708 16 to to IN 39142 708 17 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 708 18 of of IN 39142 708 19 later later JJ 39142 708 20 epochs epoch NNS 39142 708 21 in in IN 39142 708 22 ascertaining ascertain VBG 39142 708 23 the the DT 39142 708 24 proper proper JJ 39142 708 25 motions motion NNS 39142 708 26 of of IN 39142 708 27 stars star NNS 39142 708 28 . . . 39142 709 1 The the DT 39142 709 2 latitude latitude NN 39142 709 3 of of IN 39142 709 4 Bradley Bradley NNP 39142 709 5 's 's POS 39142 709 6 house house NN 39142 709 7 in in IN 39142 709 8 Kew Kew NNP 39142 709 9 was be VBD 39142 709 10 very very RB 39142 709 11 nearly nearly RB 39142 709 12 the the DT 39142 709 13 same same JJ 39142 709 14 as as IN 39142 709 15 the the DT 39142 709 16 declination declination NN 39142 709 17 of of IN 39142 709 18 the the DT 39142 709 19 bright bright JJ 39142 709 20 star star NN 39142 709 21 Gamma Gamma NNP 39142 709 22 Draconis Draconis NNP 39142 709 23 , , , 39142 709 24 so so IN 39142 709 25 that that IN 39142 709 26 it -PRON- PRP 39142 709 27 passed pass VBD 39142 709 28 through through IN 39142 709 29 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 709 30 zenith zenith NN 39142 709 31 once once RB 39142 709 32 every every DT 39142 709 33 day day NN 39142 709 34 . . . 39142 710 1 Bradley Bradley NNP 39142 710 2 had have VBD 39142 710 3 a a DT 39142 710 4 zenith zenith NN 39142 710 5 sector sector NN 39142 710 6 , , , 39142 710 7 and and CC 39142 710 8 with with IN 39142 710 9 this this DT 39142 710 10 he -PRON- PRP 39142 710 11 observed observe VBD 39142 710 12 with with IN 39142 710 13 the the DT 39142 710 14 greatest great JJS 39142 710 15 care care NN 39142 710 16 the the DT 39142 710 17 zenith zenith NN 39142 710 18 distance distance NN 39142 710 19 of of IN 39142 710 20 Gamma Gamma NNP 39142 710 21 Draconis Draconis NNP 39142 710 22 at at IN 39142 710 23 every every DT 39142 710 24 possible possible JJ 39142 710 25 opportunity opportunity NN 39142 710 26 . . . 39142 711 1 This this DT 39142 711 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 711 3 did do VBD 39142 711 4 by by IN 39142 711 5 pointing point VBG 39142 711 6 the the DT 39142 711 7 telescope telescope NN 39142 711 8 on on IN 39142 711 9 the the DT 39142 711 10 star star NN 39142 711 11 and and CC 39142 711 12 then then RB 39142 711 13 recording record VBG 39142 711 14 the the DT 39142 711 15 small small JJ 39142 711 16 angle angle NN 39142 711 17 of of IN 39142 711 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 711 19 inclination inclination NN 39142 711 20 to to IN 39142 711 21 a a DT 39142 711 22 fine fine JJ 39142 711 23 plumb plumb JJ 39142 711 24 line line NN 39142 711 25 . . . 39142 712 1 So so RB 39142 712 2 accurate accurate JJ 39142 712 3 were be VBD 39142 712 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 712 5 measures measure NNS 39142 712 6 that that WDT 39142 712 7 he -PRON- PRP 39142 712 8 was be VBD 39142 712 9 probably probably RB 39142 712 10 certain certain JJ 39142 712 11 of of IN 39142 712 12 the the DT 39142 712 13 star star NN 39142 712 14 's 's POS 39142 712 15 position position NN 39142 712 16 to to IN 39142 712 17 the the DT 39142 712 18 nearest near JJS 39142 712 19 second second NN 39142 712 20 of of IN 39142 712 21 arc arc NN 39142 712 22 . . . 39142 713 1 What what WP 39142 713 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 713 3 hoped hope VBD 39142 713 4 to to TO 39142 713 5 find find VB 39142 713 6 was be VBD 39142 713 7 the the DT 39142 713 8 star star NN 39142 713 9 's 's POS 39142 713 10 motion motion NN 39142 713 11 round round IN 39142 713 12 a a DT 39142 713 13 very very RB 39142 713 14 slight slight JJ 39142 713 15 orbit orbit NN 39142 713 16 once once RB 39142 713 17 each each DT 39142 713 18 year year NN 39142 713 19 , , , 39142 713 20 and and CC 39142 713 21 due due IN 39142 713 22 to to IN 39142 713 23 the the DT 39142 713 24 earth earth NN 39142 713 25 's 's POS 39142 713 26 motion motion NN 39142 713 27 in in IN 39142 713 28 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 713 29 orbit orbit NN 39142 713 30 round round IN 39142 713 31 the the DT 39142 713 32 sun sun NN 39142 713 33 . . . 39142 714 1 In in IN 39142 714 2 other other JJ 39142 714 3 words word NNS 39142 714 4 , , , 39142 714 5 he -PRON- PRP 39142 714 6 sought seek VBD 39142 714 7 to to TO 39142 714 8 find find VB 39142 714 9 the the DT 39142 714 10 star star NN 39142 714 11 's 's POS 39142 714 12 parallax parallax NN 39142 714 13 if if IN 39142 714 14 it -PRON- PRP 39142 714 15 turned turn VBD 39142 714 16 out out RP 39142 714 17 to to TO 39142 714 18 be be VB 39142 714 19 a a DT 39142 714 20 measurable measurable JJ 39142 714 21 quantity quantity NN 39142 714 22 . . . 39142 715 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 715 2 is be VBZ 39142 715 3 just just RB 39142 715 4 as as RB 39142 715 5 well well RB 39142 715 6 now now RB 39142 715 7 that that IN 39142 715 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 715 9 method method NN 39142 715 10 of of IN 39142 715 11 observation observation NN 39142 715 12 proved prove VBD 39142 715 13 insufficiently insufficiently RB 39142 715 14 delicate delicate JJ 39142 715 15 to to TO 39142 715 16 reveal reveal VB 39142 715 17 the the DT 39142 715 18 parallax parallax NN 39142 715 19 of of IN 39142 715 20 Gamma Gamma NNP 39142 715 21 Draconis Draconis NNP 39142 715 22 ; ; : 39142 715 23 but but CC 39142 715 24 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 715 25 assiduity assiduity NN 39142 715 26 in in IN 39142 715 27 observation observation NN 39142 715 28 led lead VBD 39142 715 29 him -PRON- PRP 39142 715 30 to to IN 39142 715 31 an an DT 39142 715 32 unexpected unexpected JJ 39142 715 33 discovery discovery NN 39142 715 34 of of IN 39142 715 35 greater great JJR 39142 715 36 moment moment NN 39142 715 37 at at IN 39142 715 38 that that DT 39142 715 39 time time NN 39142 715 40 . . . 39142 716 1 What what WP 39142 716 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 716 3 really really RB 39142 716 4 found find VBD 39142 716 5 was be VBD 39142 716 6 that that IN 39142 716 7 the the DT 39142 716 8 star star NN 39142 716 9 had have VBD 39142 716 10 a a DT 39142 716 11 regular regular JJ 39142 716 12 annual annual JJ 39142 716 13 orbit orbit NN 39142 716 14 ; ; : 39142 716 15 but but CC 39142 716 16 wholly wholly RB 39142 716 17 different different JJ 39142 716 18 from from IN 39142 716 19 what what WP 39142 716 20 he -PRON- PRP 39142 716 21 expected expect VBD 39142 716 22 , , , 39142 716 23 and and CC 39142 716 24 very very RB 39142 716 25 much much RB 39142 716 26 larger large JJR 39142 716 27 in in IN 39142 716 28 amount amount NN 39142 716 29 . . . 39142 717 1 This this DT 39142 717 2 result result NN 39142 717 3 was be VBD 39142 717 4 most most RBS 39142 717 5 puzzling puzzling JJ 39142 717 6 to to IN 39142 717 7 Bradley Bradley NNP 39142 717 8 . . . 39142 718 1 The the DT 39142 718 2 law law NN 39142 718 3 of of IN 39142 718 4 relative relative JJ 39142 718 5 motion motion NN 39142 718 6 would would MD 39142 718 7 require require VB 39142 718 8 that that IN 39142 718 9 the the DT 39142 718 10 star star NN 39142 718 11 's 's POS 39142 718 12 motion motion NN 39142 718 13 in in IN 39142 718 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 718 15 expected expect VBN 39142 718 16 orbit orbit NN 39142 718 17 should should MD 39142 718 18 be be VB 39142 718 19 opposite opposite JJ 39142 718 20 to to IN 39142 718 21 that that DT 39142 718 22 of of IN 39142 718 23 the the DT 39142 718 24 earth earth NN 39142 718 25 in in IN 39142 718 26 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 718 27 annual annual JJ 39142 718 28 orbit orbit NN 39142 718 29 ; ; : 39142 718 30 instead instead RB 39142 718 31 of of IN 39142 718 32 which which WDT 39142 718 33 the the DT 39142 718 34 star star NN 39142 718 35 was be VBD 39142 718 36 all all PDT 39142 718 37 the the DT 39142 718 38 time time NN 39142 718 39 at at IN 39142 718 40 right right JJ 39142 718 41 angles angle NNS 39142 718 42 to to IN 39142 718 43 the the DT 39142 718 44 earth earth NN 39142 718 45 's 's POS 39142 718 46 motion motion NN 39142 718 47 . . . 39142 719 1 Bradley Bradley NNP 39142 719 2 was be VBD 39142 719 3 a a DT 39142 719 4 frequent frequent JJ 39142 719 5 traveler traveler NN 39142 719 6 by by IN 39142 719 7 boat boat NN 39142 719 8 on on IN 39142 719 9 the the DT 39142 719 10 Thames Thames NNP 39142 719 11 , , , 39142 719 12 and and CC 39142 719 13 the the DT 39142 719 14 apparent apparent JJ 39142 719 15 change change NN 39142 719 16 in in IN 39142 719 17 the the DT 39142 719 18 direction direction NN 39142 719 19 of of IN 39142 719 20 the the DT 39142 719 21 wind wind NN 39142 719 22 when when WRB 39142 719 23 the the DT 39142 719 24 boat boat NN 39142 719 25 was be VBD 39142 719 26 in in IN 39142 719 27 motion motion NN 39142 719 28 is be VBZ 39142 719 29 said say VBN 39142 719 30 to to TO 39142 719 31 have have VB 39142 719 32 suggested suggest VBN 39142 719 33 to to IN 39142 719 34 him -PRON- PRP 39142 719 35 what what WP 39142 719 36 caused cause VBD 39142 719 37 the the DT 39142 719 38 displacement displacement NN 39142 719 39 of of IN 39142 719 40 Gamma Gamma NNP 39142 719 41 Draconis Draconis NNP 39142 719 42 . . . 39142 720 1 The the DT 39142 720 2 progressive progressive JJ 39142 720 3 motion motion NN 39142 720 4 of of IN 39142 720 5 light light NN 39142 720 6 had have VBD 39142 720 7 been be VBN 39142 720 8 roughly roughly RB 39142 720 9 ascertained ascertain VBN 39142 720 10 by by IN 39142 720 11 Roemer Roemer NNP 39142 720 12 : : : 39142 720 13 let let VB 39142 720 14 that that DT 39142 720 15 be be VB 39142 720 16 the the DT 39142 720 17 velocity velocity NN 39142 720 18 of of IN 39142 720 19 the the DT 39142 720 20 wind wind NN 39142 720 21 . . . 39142 721 1 And and CC 39142 721 2 the the DT 39142 721 3 earth earth NN 39142 721 4 's 's POS 39142 721 5 motion motion NN 39142 721 6 in in IN 39142 721 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 721 8 orbit orbit NN 39142 721 9 round round IN 39142 721 10 the the DT 39142 721 11 sun sun NN 39142 721 12 , , , 39142 721 13 let let VB 39142 721 14 that that DT 39142 721 15 be be VB 39142 721 16 the the DT 39142 721 17 speed speed NN 39142 721 18 of of IN 39142 721 19 the the DT 39142 721 20 boat boat NN 39142 721 21 . . . 39142 722 1 Then then RB 39142 722 2 as as IN 39142 722 3 the the DT 39142 722 4 wind wind NN 39142 722 5 ( ( -LRB- 39142 722 6 to to IN 39142 722 7 an an DT 39142 722 8 observer observer NN 39142 722 9 on on IN 39142 722 10 the the DT 39142 722 11 moving move VBG 39142 722 12 boat boat NN 39142 722 13 ) ) -RRB- 39142 722 14 always always RB 39142 722 15 seems seem VBZ 39142 722 16 to to TO 39142 722 17 come come VB 39142 722 18 from from IN 39142 722 19 a a DT 39142 722 20 point point NN 39142 722 21 in in IN 39142 722 22 advance advance NN 39142 722 23 of of IN 39142 722 24 the the DT 39142 722 25 point point NN 39142 722 26 it -PRON- PRP 39142 722 27 actually actually RB 39142 722 28 proceeds proceed VBZ 39142 722 29 from from IN 39142 722 30 ( ( -LRB- 39142 722 31 to to IN 39142 722 32 an an DT 39142 722 33 observer observer NN 39142 722 34 at at IN 39142 722 35 rest rest NN 39142 722 36 ) ) -RRB- 39142 722 37 , , , 39142 722 38 so so IN 39142 722 39 the the DT 39142 722 40 star star NN 39142 722 41 should should MD 39142 722 42 be be VB 39142 722 43 constantly constantly RB 39142 722 44 thrown throw VBN 39142 722 45 forward forward RP 39142 722 46 by by IN 39142 722 47 an an DT 39142 722 48 angle angle NN 39142 722 49 given give VBN 39142 722 50 by by IN 39142 722 51 the the DT 39142 722 52 relation relation NN 39142 722 53 of of IN 39142 722 54 the the DT 39142 722 55 velocity velocity NN 39142 722 56 of of IN 39142 722 57 light light NN 39142 722 58 to to IN 39142 722 59 the the DT 39142 722 60 speed speed NN 39142 722 61 of of IN 39142 722 62 the the DT 39142 722 63 earth earth NN 39142 722 64 in in IN 39142 722 65 orbital orbital JJ 39142 722 66 revolution revolution NN 39142 722 67 round round IN 39142 722 68 the the DT 39142 722 69 sun sun NN 39142 722 70 . . . 39142 723 1 The the DT 39142 723 2 apparent apparent JJ 39142 723 3 places place NNS 39142 723 4 of of IN 39142 723 5 all all DT 39142 723 6 stars star NNS 39142 723 7 are be VBP 39142 723 8 affected affect VBN 39142 723 9 in in IN 39142 723 10 this this DT 39142 723 11 manner manner NN 39142 723 12 , , , 39142 723 13 and and CC 39142 723 14 this this DT 39142 723 15 displacement displacement NN 39142 723 16 is be VBZ 39142 723 17 called call VBN 39142 723 18 the the DT 39142 723 19 aberration aberration NN 39142 723 20 of of IN 39142 723 21 light light NN 39142 723 22 . . . 39142 724 1 Astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 724 2 since since IN 39142 724 3 Bradley Bradley NNP 39142 724 4 's 's POS 39142 724 5 discovery discovery NN 39142 724 6 of of IN 39142 724 7 aberration aberration NN 39142 724 8 in in IN 39142 724 9 1726 1726 CD 39142 724 10 have have VBP 39142 724 11 devoted devote VBN 39142 724 12 a a DT 39142 724 13 great great JJ 39142 724 14 deal deal NN 39142 724 15 of of IN 39142 724 16 attention attention NN 39142 724 17 to to IN 39142 724 18 this this DT 39142 724 19 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 724 20 constant constant NN 39142 724 21 , , , 39142 724 22 as as IN 39142 724 23 it -PRON- PRP 39142 724 24 is be VBZ 39142 724 25 called call VBN 39142 724 26 , , , 39142 724 27 and and CC 39142 724 28 the the DT 39142 724 29 arc arc NN 39142 724 30 value value NN 39142 724 31 of of IN 39142 724 32 it -PRON- PRP 39142 724 33 is be VBZ 39142 724 34 very very RB 39142 724 35 nearly nearly RB 39142 724 36 20".5 20".5 CD 39142 724 37 . . . 39142 725 1 This this DT 39142 725 2 means mean VBZ 39142 725 3 that that IN 39142 725 4 light light NN 39142 725 5 travels travel VBZ 39142 725 6 more more JJR 39142 725 7 than than IN 39142 725 8 ten ten CD 39142 725 9 thousand thousand CD 39142 725 10 times time NNS 39142 725 11 as as RB 39142 725 12 fast fast RB 39142 725 13 as as IN 39142 725 14 the the DT 39142 725 15 earth earth NN 39142 725 16 in in IN 39142 725 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 725 18 orbit orbit NN 39142 725 19 ( ( -LRB- 39142 725 20 186,330 186,330 CD 39142 725 21 miles mile NNS 39142 725 22 per per IN 39142 725 23 second second JJ 39142 725 24 as as IN 39142 725 25 against against IN 39142 725 26 the the DT 39142 725 27 earth earth NN 39142 725 28 's 's POS 39142 725 29 18.5 18.5 CD 39142 725 30 ) ) -RRB- 39142 725 31 . . . 39142 726 1 And and CC 39142 726 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 726 3 can can MD 39142 726 4 ascertain ascertain VB 39142 726 5 the the DT 39142 726 6 sun sun NN 39142 726 7 's 's POS 39142 726 8 distance distance NN 39142 726 9 by by IN 39142 726 10 aberration aberration NN 39142 726 11 also also RB 39142 726 12 because because IN 39142 726 13 the the DT 39142 726 14 exact exact JJ 39142 726 15 values value NNS 39142 726 16 of of IN 39142 726 17 the the DT 39142 726 18 velocity velocity NN 39142 726 19 of of IN 39142 726 20 light light NN 39142 726 21 and and CC 39142 726 22 of of IN 39142 726 23 the the DT 39142 726 24 constant constant NN 39142 726 25 of of IN 39142 726 26 aberration aberration NN 39142 726 27 when when WRB 39142 726 28 properly properly RB 39142 726 29 combined combine VBN 39142 726 30 give give VBP 39142 726 31 the the DT 39142 726 32 exact exact JJ 39142 726 33 orbital orbital JJ 39142 726 34 speed speed NN 39142 726 35 of of IN 39142 726 36 the the DT 39142 726 37 earth earth NN 39142 726 38 ; ; : 39142 726 39 and and CC 39142 726 40 this this DT 39142 726 41 furnishes furnishe NNS 39142 726 42 directly directly RB 39142 726 43 by by IN 39142 726 44 geometry geometry NN 39142 726 45 the the DT 39142 726 46 radius radius NN 39142 726 47 of of IN 39142 726 48 the the DT 39142 726 49 earth earth NN 39142 726 50 's 's POS 39142 726 51 orbit orbit NN 39142 726 52 , , , 39142 726 53 that that WDT 39142 726 54 is be VBZ 39142 726 55 the the DT 39142 726 56 distance distance NN 39142 726 57 of of IN 39142 726 58 the the DT 39142 726 59 sun sun NN 39142 726 60 . . . 39142 727 1 In in IN 39142 727 2 fact fact NN 39142 727 3 , , , 39142 727 4 this this DT 39142 727 5 is be VBZ 39142 727 6 one one CD 39142 727 7 of of IN 39142 727 8 the the DT 39142 727 9 more more RBR 39142 727 10 accurate accurate JJ 39142 727 11 modern modern JJ 39142 727 12 methods method NNS 39142 727 13 of of IN 39142 727 14 ascertaining ascertain VBG 39142 727 15 the the DT 39142 727 16 distance distance NN 39142 727 17 of of IN 39142 727 18 the the DT 39142 727 19 sun sun NN 39142 727 20 . . . 39142 728 1 As as RB 39142 728 2 early early RB 39142 728 3 as as IN 39142 728 4 1880 1880 CD 39142 728 5 it -PRON- PRP 39142 728 6 enabled enable VBD 39142 728 7 the the DT 39142 728 8 writer writer NN 39142 728 9 to to TO 39142 728 10 calculate calculate VB 39142 728 11 the the DT 39142 728 12 sun sun NN 39142 728 13 's 's POS 39142 728 14 parallax parallax NN 39142 728 15 equal equal JJ 39142 728 16 to to IN 39142 728 17 8".80 8".80 CD 39142 728 18 , , , 39142 728 19 a a DT 39142 728 20 value value NN 39142 728 21 absolutely absolutely RB 39142 728 22 identical identical JJ 39142 728 23 with with IN 39142 728 24 that that DT 39142 728 25 adopted adopt VBN 39142 728 26 by by IN 39142 728 27 the the DT 39142 728 28 Paris Paris NNP 39142 728 29 Conference Conference NNP 39142 728 30 of of IN 39142 728 31 1896 1896 CD 39142 728 32 , , , 39142 728 33 and and CC 39142 728 34 now now RB 39142 728 35 universally universally RB 39142 728 36 accepted accept VBN 39142 728 37 as as IN 39142 728 38 the the DT 39142 728 39 standard standard NN 39142 728 40 . . . 39142 729 1 In in IN 39142 729 2 whatever whatever WDT 39142 729 3 part part NN 39142 729 4 of of IN 39142 729 5 the the DT 39142 729 6 sky sky NN 39142 729 7 we -PRON- PRP 39142 729 8 observe observe VBP 39142 729 9 , , , 39142 729 10 every every DT 39142 729 11 star star NN 39142 729 12 is be VBZ 39142 729 13 affected affect VBN 39142 729 14 by by IN 39142 729 15 aberration aberration NN 39142 729 16 . . . 39142 730 1 At at IN 39142 730 2 the the DT 39142 730 3 poles pole NNS 39142 730 4 of of IN 39142 730 5 the the DT 39142 730 6 ecliptic ecliptic JJ 39142 730 7 , , , 39142 730 8 23 23 CD 39142 730 9 - - HYPH 39142 730 10 1/2 1/2 CD 39142 730 11 degrees degree NNS 39142 730 12 from from IN 39142 730 13 the the DT 39142 730 14 earth earth NN 39142 730 15 's 's POS 39142 730 16 poles pole NNS 39142 730 17 , , , 39142 730 18 the the DT 39142 730 19 annual annual JJ 39142 730 20 aberration aberration NN 39142 730 21 orbits orbit NNS 39142 730 22 of of IN 39142 730 23 the the DT 39142 730 24 stars star NNS 39142 730 25 are be VBP 39142 730 26 very very RB 39142 730 27 small small JJ 39142 730 28 circles circle NNS 39142 730 29 , , , 39142 730 30 41 41 CD 39142 730 31 " " `` 39142 730 32 in in IN 39142 730 33 diameter diameter NN 39142 730 34 . . . 39142 731 1 Toward toward IN 39142 731 2 the the DT 39142 731 3 ecliptic ecliptic JJ 39142 731 4 the the DT 39142 731 5 aberration aberration NN 39142 731 6 orbits orbit NNS 39142 731 7 become become VBP 39142 731 8 more more RBR 39142 731 9 and and CC 39142 731 10 more more RBR 39142 731 11 oval oval JJ 39142 731 12 , , , 39142 731 13 ellipses ellipse VBZ 39142 731 14 in in IN 39142 731 15 fact fact NN 39142 731 16 of of IN 39142 731 17 greater great JJR 39142 731 18 and and CC 39142 731 19 greater great JJR 39142 731 20 eccentricity eccentricity NN 39142 731 21 , , , 39142 731 22 but but CC 39142 731 23 with with IN 39142 731 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 731 25 major major JJ 39142 731 26 axes axis NNS 39142 731 27 all all DT 39142 731 28 of of IN 39142 731 29 the the DT 39142 731 30 same same JJ 39142 731 31 length length NN 39142 731 32 , , , 39142 731 33 until until IN 39142 731 34 we -PRON- PRP 39142 731 35 reach reach VBP 39142 731 36 the the DT 39142 731 37 ecliptic ecliptic NN 39142 731 38 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 731 39 ; ; : 39142 731 40 and and CC 39142 731 41 then then RB 39142 731 42 the the DT 39142 731 43 ellipse ellipse NN 39142 731 44 is be VBZ 39142 731 45 flattened flatten VBN 39142 731 46 into into IN 39142 731 47 a a DT 39142 731 48 straight straight JJ 39142 731 49 line line NN 39142 731 50 41 41 CD 39142 731 51 " " `` 39142 731 52 in in IN 39142 731 53 length length NN 39142 731 54 , , , 39142 731 55 in in IN 39142 731 56 which which WDT 39142 731 57 the the DT 39142 731 58 star star NN 39142 731 59 travels travel VBZ 39142 731 60 forth forth RB 39142 731 61 and and CC 39142 731 62 back back RB 39142 731 63 once once IN 39142 731 64 a a DT 39142 731 65 year year NN 39142 731 66 . . . 39142 732 1 Exact exact JJ 39142 732 2 correspondence correspondence NN 39142 732 3 of of IN 39142 732 4 the the DT 39142 732 5 aberration aberration NN 39142 732 6 ellipses ellipsis NNS 39142 732 7 of of IN 39142 732 8 the the DT 39142 732 9 stars star NNS 39142 732 10 with with IN 39142 732 11 the the DT 39142 732 12 annual annual JJ 39142 732 13 motion motion NN 39142 732 14 of of IN 39142 732 15 the the DT 39142 732 16 earth earth NN 39142 732 17 round round IN 39142 732 18 the the DT 39142 732 19 sun sun NN 39142 732 20 affords afford VBZ 39142 732 21 indisputable indisputable JJ 39142 732 22 proof proof NN 39142 732 23 of of IN 39142 732 24 this this DT 39142 732 25 motion motion NN 39142 732 26 , , , 39142 732 27 and and CC 39142 732 28 as as IN 39142 732 29 every every DT 39142 732 30 star star NN 39142 732 31 partakes partake NNS 39142 732 32 of of IN 39142 732 33 the the DT 39142 732 34 movement movement NN 39142 732 35 , , , 39142 732 36 this this DT 39142 732 37 proof proof NN 39142 732 38 of of IN 39142 732 39 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 732 40 motion motion NN 39142 732 41 round round IN 39142 732 42 the the DT 39142 732 43 sun sun NN 39142 732 44 becomes become VBZ 39142 732 45 many many JJ 39142 732 46 million million CD 39142 732 47 - - RB 39142 732 48 fold fold RB 39142 732 49 . . . 39142 733 1 Indeed indeed RB 39142 733 2 , , , 39142 733 3 if if IN 39142 733 4 we -PRON- PRP 39142 733 5 were be VBD 39142 733 6 to to TO 39142 733 7 push push VB 39142 733 8 a a DT 39142 733 9 little little JJ 39142 733 10 farther far RBR 39142 733 11 the the DT 39142 733 12 refinement refinement NN 39142 733 13 of of IN 39142 733 14 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 733 15 analysis analysis NN 39142 733 16 of of IN 39142 733 17 the the DT 39142 733 18 effect effect NN 39142 733 19 of of IN 39142 733 20 aberration aberration NN 39142 733 21 on on IN 39142 733 22 stellar stellar JJ 39142 733 23 positions position NNS 39142 733 24 , , , 39142 733 25 we -PRON- PRP 39142 733 26 could could MD 39142 733 27 prove prove VB 39142 733 28 also also RB 39142 733 29 the the DT 39142 733 30 rotation rotation NN 39142 733 31 of of IN 39142 733 32 the the DT 39142 733 33 earth earth NN 39142 733 34 on on IN 39142 733 35 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 733 36 axis axis NN 39142 733 37 , , , 39142 733 38 because because IN 39142 733 39 that that DT 39142 733 40 motion motion NN 39142 733 41 is be VBZ 39142 733 42 swift swift JJ 39142 733 43 enough enough RB 39142 733 44 to to TO 39142 733 45 bear bear VB 39142 733 46 an an DT 39142 733 47 appreciable appreciable JJ 39142 733 48 ratio ratio NN 39142 733 49 to to IN 39142 733 50 the the DT 39142 733 51 velocity velocity NN 39142 733 52 of of IN 39142 733 53 light light NN 39142 733 54 . . . 39142 734 1 Diurnal diurnal JJ 39142 734 2 aberration aberration NN 39142 734 3 is be VBZ 39142 734 4 the the DT 39142 734 5 term term NN 39142 734 6 applied apply VBN 39142 734 7 to to IN 39142 734 8 this this DT 39142 734 9 slight slight JJ 39142 734 10 effect effect NN 39142 734 11 , , , 39142 734 12 and and CC 39142 734 13 as as IN 39142 734 14 every every DT 39142 734 15 star star NN 39142 734 16 partakes partake VBZ 39142 734 17 of of IN 39142 734 18 it -PRON- PRP 39142 734 19 , , , 39142 734 20 demonstration demonstration NN 39142 734 21 of of IN 39142 734 22 the the DT 39142 734 23 earth earth NN 39142 734 24 's 's POS 39142 734 25 turning turn VBG 39142 734 26 round round NN 39142 734 27 on on IN 39142 734 28 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 734 29 axis axis NN 39142 734 30 becomes become VBZ 39142 734 31 many many JJ 39142 734 32 million million CD 39142 734 33 - - RB 39142 734 34 fold fold VB 39142 734 35 also also RB 39142 734 36 . . . 39142 735 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 735 2 XVIII xviii VBP 39142 735 3 THE the DT 39142 735 4 TELESCOPE telescope NN 39142 735 5 Had have VBD 39142 735 6 anyone anyone NN 39142 735 7 told tell VBN 39142 735 8 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 735 9 that that IN 39142 735 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 735 11 earth earth NN 39142 735 12 - - HYPH 39142 735 13 centered center VBN 39142 735 14 system system NN 39142 735 15 of of IN 39142 735 16 sun sun NN 39142 735 17 , , , 39142 735 18 moon moon NN 39142 735 19 , , , 39142 735 20 and and CC 39142 735 21 stars star NNS 39142 735 22 would would MD 39142 735 23 ultimately ultimately RB 39142 735 24 be be VB 39142 735 25 overthrown overthrow VBN 39142 735 26 , , , 39142 735 27 not not RB 39142 735 28 by by IN 39142 735 29 philosophy philosophy NN 39142 735 30 but but CC 39142 735 31 by by IN 39142 735 32 the the DT 39142 735 33 overwhelming overwhelming JJ 39142 735 34 evidence evidence NN 39142 735 35 furnished furnish VBN 39142 735 36 by by IN 39142 735 37 a a DT 39142 735 38 little little JJ 39142 735 39 optical optical JJ 39142 735 40 instrument instrument NN 39142 735 41 which which WDT 39142 735 42 so so RB 39142 735 43 aided aid VBD 39142 735 44 the the DT 39142 735 45 human human JJ 39142 735 46 eye eye NN 39142 735 47 that that IN 39142 735 48 it -PRON- PRP 39142 735 49 could could MD 39142 735 50 actually actually RB 39142 735 51 see see VB 39142 735 52 systems system NNS 39142 735 53 of of IN 39142 735 54 bodies body NNS 39142 735 55 in in IN 39142 735 56 revolution revolution NN 39142 735 57 round round IN 39142 735 58 each each DT 39142 735 59 other other JJ 39142 735 60 in in IN 39142 735 61 the the DT 39142 735 62 sky sky NN 39142 735 63 , , , 39142 735 64 he -PRON- PRP 39142 735 65 would would MD 39142 735 66 no no RB 39142 735 67 doubt doubt RB 39142 735 68 have have VB 39142 735 69 vehemently vehemently RB 39142 735 70 denied deny VBN 39142 735 71 that that IN 39142 735 72 any any DT 39142 735 73 such such JJ 39142 735 74 thing thing NN 39142 735 75 was be VBD 39142 735 76 possible possible JJ 39142 735 77 . . . 39142 736 1 To to TO 39142 736 2 be be VB 39142 736 3 sure sure JJ 39142 736 4 , , , 39142 736 5 it -PRON- PRP 39142 736 6 took take VBD 39142 736 7 fourteen fourteen CD 39142 736 8 centuries century NNS 39142 736 9 to to TO 39142 736 10 bring bring VB 39142 736 11 this this DT 39142 736 12 about about IN 39142 736 13 , , , 39142 736 14 and and CC 39142 736 15 the the DT 39142 736 16 discovery discovery NN 39142 736 17 even even RB 39142 736 18 then then RB 39142 736 19 was be VBD 39142 736 20 without without IN 39142 736 21 much much JJ 39142 736 22 doubt doubt NN 39142 736 23 due due JJ 39142 736 24 to to IN 39142 736 25 accident accident NN 39142 736 26 . . . 39142 737 1 Through through IN 39142 737 2 all all PDT 39142 737 3 this this DT 39142 737 4 long long JJ 39142 737 5 period period NN 39142 737 6 when when WRB 39142 737 7 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 737 8 may may MD 39142 737 9 be be VB 39142 737 10 said say VBN 39142 737 11 to to TO 39142 737 12 have have VB 39142 737 13 merely merely RB 39142 737 14 existed exist VBN 39142 737 15 , , , 39142 737 16 practically practically RB 39142 737 17 without without IN 39142 737 18 any any DT 39142 737 19 forward forward JJ 39142 737 20 step step NN 39142 737 21 or or CC 39142 737 22 development development NN 39142 737 23 , , , 39142 737 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 737 25 devotees devotee NNS 39142 737 26 were be VBD 39142 737 27 unequipped unequippe VBN 39142 737 28 with with IN 39142 737 29 the the DT 39142 737 30 sort sort NN 39142 737 31 of of IN 39142 737 32 instruments instrument NNS 39142 737 33 which which WDT 39142 737 34 were be VBD 39142 737 35 requisite requisite JJ 39142 737 36 to to TO 39142 737 37 make make VB 39142 737 38 the the DT 39142 737 39 advance advance NN 39142 737 40 possible possible JJ 39142 737 41 . . . 39142 738 1 There there EX 39142 738 2 were be VBD 39142 738 3 astrolabes astrolabe NNS 39142 738 4 and and CC 39142 738 5 armillary armillary JJ 39142 738 6 spheres sphere NNS 39142 738 7 , , , 39142 738 8 with with IN 39142 738 9 crudely crudely RB 39142 738 10 divided divide VBN 39142 738 11 circles circle NNS 39142 738 12 , , , 39142 738 13 and and CC 39142 738 14 the the DT 39142 738 15 excellent excellent JJ 39142 738 16 work work NN 39142 738 17 done do VBN 39142 738 18 with with IN 39142 738 19 them -PRON- PRP 39142 738 20 only only RB 39142 738 21 shows show VBZ 39142 738 22 the the DT 39142 738 23 genius genius NN 39142 738 24 of of IN 39142 738 25 many many JJ 39142 738 26 of of IN 39142 738 27 the the DT 39142 738 28 early early JJ 39142 738 29 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 738 30 who who WP 39142 738 31 had have VBD 39142 738 32 nothing nothing NN 39142 738 33 better well JJR 39142 738 34 to to TO 39142 738 35 work work VB 39142 738 36 with with IN 39142 738 37 . . . 39142 739 1 Regarding regard VBG 39142 739 2 star star NN 39142 739 3 - - HYPH 39142 739 4 places place NNS 39142 739 5 made make VBN 39142 739 6 with with IN 39142 739 7 instruments instrument NNS 39142 739 8 fixed fix VBN 39142 739 9 in in IN 39142 739 10 the the DT 39142 739 11 meridian meridian NN 39142 739 12 , , , 39142 739 13 Bessel Bessel NNP 39142 739 14 , , , 39142 739 15 often often RB 39142 739 16 called call VBD 39142 739 17 the the DT 39142 739 18 father father NN 39142 739 19 of of IN 39142 739 20 practical practical JJ 39142 739 21 astronomy astronomy NNP 39142 739 22 , , , 39142 739 23 used use VBN 39142 739 24 to to TO 39142 739 25 say say VB 39142 739 26 that that IN 39142 739 27 , , , 39142 739 28 even even RB 39142 739 29 if if IN 39142 739 30 you -PRON- PRP 39142 739 31 provided provide VBD 39142 739 32 a a DT 39142 739 33 bad bad JJ 39142 739 34 observer observer NN 39142 739 35 with with IN 39142 739 36 the the DT 39142 739 37 best good JJS 39142 739 38 of of IN 39142 739 39 instruments instrument NNS 39142 739 40 , , , 39142 739 41 a a DT 39142 739 42 genius genius NN 39142 739 43 could could MD 39142 739 44 surpass surpass VB 39142 739 45 him -PRON- PRP 39142 739 46 with with IN 39142 739 47 a a DT 39142 739 48 gun gun NN 39142 739 49 barrel barrel NN 39142 739 50 and and CC 39142 739 51 a a DT 39142 739 52 cart cart NN 39142 739 53 wheel wheel NN 39142 739 54 . . . 39142 740 1 Before before IN 39142 740 2 the the DT 39142 740 3 days day NNS 39142 740 4 of of IN 39142 740 5 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 740 6 , , , 39142 740 7 that that RB 39142 740 8 is is RB 39142 740 9 , , , 39142 740 10 prior prior RB 39142 740 11 to to IN 39142 740 12 the the DT 39142 740 13 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 39142 740 14 century century NN 39142 740 15 , , , 39142 740 16 it -PRON- PRP 39142 740 17 was be VBD 39142 740 18 not not RB 39142 740 19 known know VBN 39142 740 20 whether whether IN 39142 740 21 any any DT 39142 740 22 of of IN 39142 740 23 the the DT 39142 740 24 planets planet NNS 39142 740 25 except except IN 39142 740 26 the the DT 39142 740 27 earth earth NN 39142 740 28 had have VBD 39142 740 29 a a DT 39142 740 30 moon moon NN 39142 740 31 or or CC 39142 740 32 not not RB 39142 740 33 ; ; : 39142 740 34 consequently consequently RB 39142 740 35 the the DT 39142 740 36 masses masse NNS 39142 740 37 of of IN 39142 740 38 these these DT 39142 740 39 planets planet NNS 39142 740 40 were be VBD 39142 740 41 but but CC 39142 740 42 very very RB 39142 740 43 imperfectly imperfectly RB 39142 740 44 ascertained ascertained JJ 39142 740 45 ; ; : 39142 740 46 the the DT 39142 740 47 phases phase NNS 39142 740 48 of of IN 39142 740 49 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 740 50 and and CC 39142 740 51 Venus Venus NNP 39142 740 52 were be VBD 39142 740 53 merely merely RB 39142 740 54 conjectured conjecture VBN 39142 740 55 ; ; : 39142 740 56 what what WP 39142 740 57 were be VBD 39142 740 58 the the DT 39142 740 59 actual actual JJ 39142 740 60 dimensions dimension NNS 39142 740 61 of of IN 39142 740 62 the the DT 39142 740 63 planets planet NNS 39142 740 64 could could MD 39142 740 65 only only RB 39142 740 66 be be VB 39142 740 67 guessed guess VBN 39142 740 68 at at IN 39142 740 69 ; ; : 39142 740 70 the the DT 39142 740 71 approximate approximate JJ 39142 740 72 distances distance NNS 39142 740 73 of of IN 39142 740 74 sun sun NN 39142 740 75 , , , 39142 740 76 moon moon NN 39142 740 77 , , , 39142 740 78 and and CC 39142 740 79 planets planet NNS 39142 740 80 were be VBD 39142 740 81 little little RB 39142 740 82 better well JJR 39142 740 83 than than IN 39142 740 84 guesses guess NNS 39142 740 85 ; ; : 39142 740 86 the the DT 39142 740 87 distances distance NNS 39142 740 88 of of IN 39142 740 89 the the DT 39142 740 90 stars star NNS 39142 740 91 were be VBD 39142 740 92 wildly wildly RB 39142 740 93 inaccurate inaccurate JJ 39142 740 94 ; ; : 39142 740 95 and and CC 39142 740 96 the the DT 39142 740 97 positions position NNS 39142 740 98 of of IN 39142 740 99 the the DT 39142 740 100 stars star NNS 39142 740 101 on on IN 39142 740 102 the the DT 39142 740 103 celestial celestial JJ 39142 740 104 sphere sphere NN 39142 740 105 , , , 39142 740 106 and and CC 39142 740 107 of of IN 39142 740 108 sun sun NN 39142 740 109 , , , 39142 740 110 moon moon NN 39142 740 111 , , , 39142 740 112 and and CC 39142 740 113 planets planet NNS 39142 740 114 among among IN 39142 740 115 them -PRON- PRP 39142 740 116 were be VBD 39142 740 117 far far RB 39142 740 118 removed remove VBN 39142 740 119 from from IN 39142 740 120 modern modern JJ 39142 740 121 standards standard NNS 39142 740 122 of of IN 39142 740 123 precision precision NN 39142 740 124 -- -- : 39142 740 125 all all RB 39142 740 126 because because IN 39142 740 127 the the DT 39142 740 128 telescope telescope NN 39142 740 129 had have VBD 39142 740 130 not not RB 39142 740 131 yet yet RB 39142 740 132 become become VBN 39142 740 133 available available JJ 39142 740 134 as as IN 39142 740 135 an an DT 39142 740 136 optical optical JJ 39142 740 137 adjunct adjunct NN 39142 740 138 to to TO 39142 740 139 increase increase VB 39142 740 140 the the DT 39142 740 141 power power NN 39142 740 142 of of IN 39142 740 143 the the DT 39142 740 144 human human JJ 39142 740 145 eye eye NN 39142 740 146 and and CC 39142 740 147 enable enable VB 39142 740 148 it -PRON- PRP 39142 740 149 to to TO 39142 740 150 see see VB 39142 740 151 as as IN 39142 740 152 if if IN 39142 740 153 distances distance NNS 39142 740 154 were be VBD 39142 740 155 in in IN 39142 740 156 considerable considerable JJ 39142 740 157 measure measure NN 39142 740 158 annihilated annihilate VBN 39142 740 159 . . . 39142 741 1 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 741 2 almost almost RB 39142 741 3 universally universally RB 39142 741 4 is be VBZ 39142 741 5 said say VBN 39142 741 6 to to TO 39142 741 7 have have VB 39142 741 8 been be VBN 39142 741 9 the the DT 39142 741 10 inventor inventor NN 39142 741 11 of of IN 39142 741 12 the the DT 39142 741 13 telescope telescope NN 39142 741 14 , , , 39142 741 15 but but CC 39142 741 16 intimate intimate JJ 39142 741 17 research research NN 39142 741 18 into into IN 39142 741 19 the the DT 39142 741 20 question question NN 39142 741 21 would would MD 39142 741 22 appear appear VB 39142 741 23 to to TO 39142 741 24 give give VB 39142 741 25 the the DT 39142 741 26 honor honor NN 39142 741 27 of of IN 39142 741 28 that that DT 39142 741 29 original original JJ 39142 741 30 invention invention NN 39142 741 31 to to IN 39142 741 32 another another DT 39142 741 33 , , , 39142 741 34 in in IN 39142 741 35 another another DT 39142 741 36 country country NN 39142 741 37 . . . 39142 742 1 What what WP 39142 742 2 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 742 3 deserves deserve VBZ 39142 742 4 the the DT 39142 742 5 highest high JJS 39142 742 6 praise praise NN 39142 742 7 for for IN 39142 742 8 , , , 39142 742 9 however however RB 39142 742 10 , , , 39142 742 11 is be VBZ 39142 742 12 the the DT 39142 742 13 reinvention reinvention NN 39142 742 14 independently independently RB 39142 742 15 of of IN 39142 742 16 an an DT 39142 742 17 " " `` 39142 742 18 optick optick JJ 39142 742 19 tube tube NN 39142 742 20 " " '' 39142 742 21 by by IN 39142 742 22 which which WDT 39142 742 23 he -PRON- PRP 39142 742 24 could could MD 39142 742 25 bring bring VB 39142 742 26 distant distant JJ 39142 742 27 objects object NNS 39142 742 28 apparently apparently RB 39142 742 29 much much JJ 39142 742 30 nearer nearer NN 39142 742 31 to to IN 39142 742 32 him -PRON- PRP 39142 742 33 ; ; : 39142 742 34 and and CC 39142 742 35 being be VBG 39142 742 36 an an DT 39142 742 37 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 742 38 , , , 39142 742 39 he -PRON- PRP 39142 742 40 was be VBD 39142 742 41 by by IN 39142 742 42 universal universal NNP 39142 742 43 acknowledgment acknowledgment NNP 39142 742 44 first first RB 39142 742 45 of of IN 39142 742 46 all all DT 39142 742 47 men man NNS 39142 742 48 to to TO 39142 742 49 turn turn VB 39142 742 50 a a DT 39142 742 51 telescope telescope NN 39142 742 52 on on IN 39142 742 53 the the DT 39142 742 54 heavenly heavenly JJ 39142 742 55 bodies body NNS 39142 742 56 . . . 39142 743 1 This this DT 39142 743 2 was be VBD 39142 743 3 in in IN 39142 743 4 the the DT 39142 743 5 year year NN 39142 743 6 1609 1609 CD 39142 743 7 , , , 39142 743 8 and and CC 39142 743 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 743 10 first first JJ 39142 743 11 discovery discovery NN 39142 743 12 was be VBD 39142 743 13 the the DT 39142 743 14 phase phase NN 39142 743 15 of of IN 39142 743 16 Venus Venus NNP 39142 743 17 , , , 39142 743 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 743 19 second second JJ 39142 743 20 the the DT 39142 743 21 four four CD 39142 743 22 Medicean medicean JJ 39142 743 23 moons moon NNS 39142 743 24 or or CC 39142 743 25 satellites satellite NNS 39142 743 26 of of IN 39142 743 27 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 743 28 , , , 39142 743 29 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 743 30 which which WDT 39142 743 31 at at IN 39142 743 32 that that DT 39142 743 33 epoch epoch NN 39142 743 34 were be VBD 39142 743 35 of of IN 39142 743 36 the the DT 39142 743 37 highest high JJS 39142 743 38 significance significance NN 39142 743 39 in in IN 39142 743 40 establishing establish VBG 39142 743 41 the the DT 39142 743 42 truth truth NN 39142 743 43 of of IN 39142 743 44 the the DT 39142 743 45 Copernican copernican JJ 39142 743 46 system system NN 39142 743 47 beyond beyond IN 39142 743 48 the the DT 39142 743 49 shadow shadow NN 39142 743 50 of of IN 39142 743 51 doubt doubt NN 39142 743 52 . . . 39142 744 1 But but CC 39142 744 2 the the DT 39142 744 3 first first JJ 39142 744 4 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 744 5 of of IN 39142 744 6 which which WDT 39142 744 7 we -PRON- PRP 39142 744 8 have have VBP 39142 744 9 record record NN 39142 744 10 were be VBD 39142 744 11 made make VBN 39142 744 12 , , , 39142 744 13 so so RB 39142 744 14 far far RB 39142 744 15 as as IN 39142 744 16 can can MD 39142 744 17 now now RB 39142 744 18 be be VB 39142 744 19 ascertained ascertain VBN 39142 744 20 , , , 39142 744 21 in in IN 39142 744 22 Holland Holland NNP 39142 744 23 very very RB 39142 744 24 early early RB 39142 744 25 in in IN 39142 744 26 the the DT 39142 744 27 17th 17th JJ 39142 744 28 century century NN 39142 744 29 . . . 39142 745 1 Metius Metius NNP 39142 745 2 , , , 39142 745 3 a a DT 39142 745 4 professor professor NN 39142 745 5 of of IN 39142 745 6 mathematics mathematic NNS 39142 745 7 , , , 39142 745 8 and and CC 39142 745 9 Jansen Jansen NNP 39142 745 10 and and CC 39142 745 11 Lipperhey Lipperhey NNP 39142 745 12 , , , 39142 745 13 who who WP 39142 745 14 were be VBD 39142 745 15 opticians optician NNS 39142 745 16 in in IN 39142 745 17 Middelburg Middelburg NNP 39142 745 18 -- -- : 39142 745 19 all all DT 39142 745 20 three three CD 39142 745 21 are be VBP 39142 745 22 entitled entitle VBN 39142 745 23 to to IN 39142 745 24 consideration consideration NN 39142 745 25 as as IN 39142 745 26 claimants claimant NNS 39142 745 27 of of IN 39142 745 28 the the DT 39142 745 29 original original JJ 39142 745 30 invention invention NN 39142 745 31 of of IN 39142 745 32 the the DT 39142 745 33 telescope telescope NN 39142 745 34 . . . 39142 746 1 But but CC 39142 746 2 that that IN 39142 746 3 such such PDT 39142 746 4 an an DT 39142 746 5 instrument instrument NN 39142 746 6 was be VBD 39142 746 7 pretty pretty RB 39142 746 8 well well RB 39142 746 9 known known JJ 39142 746 10 would would MD 39142 746 11 appear appear VB 39142 746 12 to to TO 39142 746 13 be be VB 39142 746 14 shown show VBN 39142 746 15 by by IN 39142 746 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 746 17 government government NN 39142 746 18 's 's POS 39142 746 19 refusal refusal NN 39142 746 20 of of IN 39142 746 21 a a DT 39142 746 22 patent patent NN 39142 746 23 to to IN 39142 746 24 Lipperhey Lipperhey NNP 39142 746 25 in in IN 39142 746 26 1608 1608 CD 39142 746 27 ; ; : 39142 746 28 while while IN 39142 746 29 the the DT 39142 746 30 officials official NNS 39142 746 31 recognizing recognize VBG 39142 746 32 the the DT 39142 746 33 value value NN 39142 746 34 of of IN 39142 746 35 such such PDT 39142 746 36 an an DT 39142 746 37 instrument instrument NN 39142 746 38 for for IN 39142 746 39 purposes purpose NNS 39142 746 40 of of IN 39142 746 41 war war NN 39142 746 42 , , , 39142 746 43 got get VBD 39142 746 44 him -PRON- PRP 39142 746 45 to to TO 39142 746 46 construct construct VB 39142 746 47 several several JJ 39142 746 48 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 746 49 and and CC 39142 746 50 ordered order VBD 39142 746 51 him -PRON- PRP 39142 746 52 to to TO 39142 746 53 keep keep VB 39142 746 54 the the DT 39142 746 55 invention invention NN 39142 746 56 a a DT 39142 746 57 secret secret NN 39142 746 58 . . . 39142 747 1 Within within IN 39142 747 2 a a DT 39142 747 3 year year NN 39142 747 4 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 747 5 heard hear VBD 39142 747 6 that that IN 39142 747 7 an an DT 39142 747 8 instrument instrument NN 39142 747 9 was be VBD 39142 747 10 in in IN 39142 747 11 use use NN 39142 747 12 in in IN 39142 747 13 Holland Holland NNP 39142 747 14 by by IN 39142 747 15 which which WDT 39142 747 16 it -PRON- PRP 39142 747 17 was be VBD 39142 747 18 possible possible JJ 39142 747 19 to to TO 39142 747 20 see see VB 39142 747 21 distant distant JJ 39142 747 22 objects object NNS 39142 747 23 as as IN 39142 747 24 if if IN 39142 747 25 near near RB 39142 747 26 at at IN 39142 747 27 hand hand NN 39142 747 28 . . . 39142 748 1 Skilled skilled JJ 39142 748 2 in in IN 39142 748 3 optics optic NNS 39142 748 4 as as IN 39142 748 5 he -PRON- PRP 39142 748 6 was be VBD 39142 748 7 , , , 39142 748 8 the the DT 39142 748 9 reinvention reinvention NN 39142 748 10 was be VBD 39142 748 11 a a DT 39142 748 12 task task NN 39142 748 13 neither neither CC 39142 748 14 long long JJ 39142 748 15 nor nor CC 39142 748 16 difficult difficult JJ 39142 748 17 for for IN 39142 748 18 him -PRON- PRP 39142 748 19 . . . 39142 749 1 One one CD 39142 749 2 of of IN 39142 749 3 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 749 4 first first JJ 39142 749 5 instruments instrument NNS 39142 749 6 magnified magnify VBN 39142 749 7 but but CC 39142 749 8 three three CD 39142 749 9 times time NNS 39142 749 10 ; ; : 39142 749 11 still still RB 39142 749 12 it -PRON- PRP 39142 749 13 made make VBD 39142 749 14 a a DT 39142 749 15 great great JJ 39142 749 16 sensation sensation NN 39142 749 17 in in IN 39142 749 18 Venice Venice NNP 39142 749 19 where where WRB 39142 749 20 he -PRON- PRP 39142 749 21 exhibited exhibit VBD 39142 749 22 the the DT 39142 749 23 little little JJ 39142 749 24 tube tube NN 39142 749 25 to to IN 39142 749 26 the the DT 39142 749 27 authorities authority NNS 39142 749 28 of of IN 39142 749 29 that that DT 39142 749 30 city city NN 39142 749 31 , , , 39142 749 32 in in IN 39142 749 33 which which WDT 39142 749 34 he -PRON- PRP 39142 749 35 first first RB 39142 749 36 invented invent VBD 39142 749 37 it -PRON- PRP 39142 749 38 . . . 39142 750 1 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 750 2 's 's POS 39142 750 3 telescope telescope NN 39142 750 4 was be VBD 39142 750 5 of of IN 39142 750 6 the the DT 39142 750 7 simplest simple JJS 39142 750 8 type type NN 39142 750 9 , , , 39142 750 10 with with IN 39142 750 11 but but CC 39142 750 12 two two CD 39142 750 13 lenses lense NNS 39142 750 14 ; ; : 39142 750 15 the the DT 39142 750 16 one one NN 39142 750 17 a a DT 39142 750 18 double double JJ 39142 750 19 convex convex NNP 39142 750 20 lens lens NN 39142 750 21 with with IN 39142 750 22 which which WDT 39142 750 23 an an DT 39142 750 24 image image NN 39142 750 25 of of IN 39142 750 26 the the DT 39142 750 27 distant distant JJ 39142 750 28 object object NN 39142 750 29 is be VBZ 39142 750 30 formed form VBN 39142 750 31 , , , 39142 750 32 the the DT 39142 750 33 other other JJ 39142 750 34 a a DT 39142 750 35 double double JJ 39142 750 36 concave concave NNP 39142 750 37 lens lens NN 39142 750 38 , , , 39142 750 39 much much RB 39142 750 40 smaller small JJR 39142 750 41 which which WDT 39142 750 42 was be VBD 39142 750 43 the the DT 39142 750 44 eye eye NN 39142 750 45 - - HYPH 39142 750 46 lens lens NN 39142 750 47 for for IN 39142 750 48 examining examine VBG 39142 750 49 the the DT 39142 750 50 image image NN 39142 750 51 . . . 39142 751 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 751 2 is be VBZ 39142 751 3 this this DT 39142 751 4 simple simple JJ 39142 751 5 form form NN 39142 751 6 of of IN 39142 751 7 Galilean Galilean NNP 39142 751 8 telescope telescope NN 39142 751 9 that that WDT 39142 751 10 is be VBZ 39142 751 11 still still RB 39142 751 12 used use VBN 39142 751 13 in in IN 39142 751 14 opera opera NN 39142 751 15 glasses glass NNS 39142 751 16 and and CC 39142 751 17 field field NN 39142 751 18 glasses glass NNS 39142 751 19 , , , 39142 751 20 because because IN 39142 751 21 of of IN 39142 751 22 the the DT 39142 751 23 shorter short JJR 39142 751 24 tube tube NN 39142 751 25 necessary necessary JJ 39142 751 26 . . . 39142 752 1 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 752 2 carried carry VBD 39142 752 3 on on IN 39142 752 4 the the DT 39142 752 5 construction construction NN 39142 752 6 of of IN 39142 752 7 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 752 8 , , , 39142 752 9 all all PDT 39142 752 10 the the DT 39142 752 11 time time NN 39142 752 12 improving improve VBG 39142 752 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 752 14 quality quality NN 39142 752 15 and and CC 39142 752 16 enlarging enlarge VBG 39142 752 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 752 18 power power NN 39142 752 19 until until IN 39142 752 20 he -PRON- PRP 39142 752 21 built build VBD 39142 752 22 one one CD 39142 752 23 that that WDT 39142 752 24 magnified magnify VBD 39142 752 25 thirty thirty CD 39142 752 26 times time NNS 39142 752 27 . . . 39142 753 1 What what WP 39142 753 2 the the DT 39142 753 3 diameter diameter NN 39142 753 4 of of IN 39142 753 5 the the DT 39142 753 6 object object NN 39142 753 7 glass glass NN 39142 753 8 was be VBD 39142 753 9 we -PRON- PRP 39142 753 10 do do VBP 39142 753 11 not not RB 39142 753 12 know know VB 39142 753 13 , , , 39142 753 14 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 753 15 two two CD 39142 753 16 inches inch NNS 39142 753 17 or or CC 39142 753 18 possibly possibly RB 39142 753 19 a a DT 39142 753 20 little little JJ 39142 753 21 more more JJR 39142 753 22 . . . 39142 754 1 Glass glass NN 39142 754 2 of of IN 39142 754 3 a a DT 39142 754 4 quality quality NN 39142 754 5 good good JJ 39142 754 6 enough enough RB 39142 754 7 to to TO 39142 754 8 make make VB 39142 754 9 a a DT 39142 754 10 telescope telescope NN 39142 754 11 of of IN 39142 754 12 can can MD 39142 754 13 not not RB 39142 754 14 have have VB 39142 754 15 been be VBN 39142 754 16 abundant abundant JJ 39142 754 17 or or CC 39142 754 18 even even RB 39142 754 19 obtainable obtainable JJ 39142 754 20 except except IN 39142 754 21 with with IN 39142 754 22 great great JJ 39142 754 23 difficulty difficulty NN 39142 754 24 in in IN 39142 754 25 those those DT 39142 754 26 early early JJ 39142 754 27 days day NNS 39142 754 28 . . . 39142 755 1 Other other JJ 39142 755 2 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 755 3 by by IN 39142 755 4 this this DT 39142 755 5 first first JJ 39142 755 6 of of IN 39142 755 7 celestial celestial JJ 39142 755 8 observers observer NNS 39142 755 9 were be VBD 39142 755 10 the the DT 39142 755 11 spots spot NNS 39142 755 12 on on IN 39142 755 13 the the DT 39142 755 14 sun sun NN 39142 755 15 , , , 39142 755 16 the the DT 39142 755 17 larger large JJR 39142 755 18 mountains mountain NNS 39142 755 19 of of IN 39142 755 20 the the DT 39142 755 21 moon moon NN 39142 755 22 , , , 39142 755 23 the the DT 39142 755 24 separate separate JJ 39142 755 25 stars star NNS 39142 755 26 of of IN 39142 755 27 which which WDT 39142 755 28 the the DT 39142 755 29 Milky Milky NNP 39142 755 30 Way Way NNP 39142 755 31 is be VBZ 39142 755 32 composed compose VBN 39142 755 33 , , , 39142 755 34 and and CC 39142 755 35 , , , 39142 755 36 greatest great JJS 39142 755 37 wonder wonder NN 39142 755 38 of of IN 39142 755 39 all all DT 39142 755 40 , , , 39142 755 41 the the DT 39142 755 42 anomalous anomalous JJ 39142 755 43 " " `` 39142 755 44 handles handle NNS 39142 755 45 " " '' 39142 755 46 ( ( -LRB- 39142 755 47 _ _ NNP 39142 755 48 ansæ ansæ NNS 39142 755 49 _ _ NNP 39142 755 50 , , , 39142 755 51 he -PRON- PRP 39142 755 52 called call VBD 39142 755 53 them -PRON- PRP 39142 755 54 ) ) -RRB- 39142 755 55 of of IN 39142 755 56 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 755 57 , , , 39142 755 58 which which WDT 39142 755 59 we -PRON- PRP 39142 755 60 now now RB 39142 755 61 know know VBP 39142 755 62 as as IN 39142 755 63 the the DT 39142 755 64 planet planet NN 39142 755 65 's 's POS 39142 755 66 ring ring NN 39142 755 67 , , , 39142 755 68 the the DT 39142 755 69 most most RBS 39142 755 70 wonderful wonderful JJ 39142 755 71 of of IN 39142 755 72 all all PDT 39142 755 73 the the DT 39142 755 74 bodies body NNS 39142 755 75 in in IN 39142 755 76 the the DT 39142 755 77 sky sky NN 39142 755 78 . . . 39142 756 1 Since since IN 39142 756 2 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 756 3 's 's POS 39142 756 4 time time NN 39142 756 5 , , , 39142 756 6 only only RB 39142 756 7 three three CD 39142 756 8 centuries century NNS 39142 756 9 past past JJ 39142 756 10 , , , 39142 756 11 the the DT 39142 756 12 progress progress NN 39142 756 13 in in IN 39142 756 14 size size NN 39142 756 15 and and CC 39142 756 16 improvement improvement NN 39142 756 17 in in IN 39142 756 18 quality quality NN 39142 756 19 of of IN 39142 756 20 the the DT 39142 756 21 telescope telescope NN 39142 756 22 have have VBP 39142 756 23 been be VBN 39142 756 24 marvelous marvelous JJ 39142 756 25 . . . 39142 757 1 And and CC 39142 757 2 this this DT 39142 757 3 advance advance NN 39142 757 4 would would MD 39142 757 5 not not RB 39142 757 6 have have VB 39142 757 7 been be VBN 39142 757 8 possible possible JJ 39142 757 9 except except IN 39142 757 10 for for IN 39142 757 11 , , , 39142 757 12 first first RB 39142 757 13 , , , 39142 757 14 the the DT 39142 757 15 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 757 16 still still RB 39142 757 17 kept keep VBD 39142 757 18 in in IN 39142 757 19 large large JJ 39142 757 20 part part NN 39142 757 21 secret secret JJ 39142 757 22 by by IN 39142 757 23 the the DT 39142 757 24 makers maker NNS 39142 757 25 of of IN 39142 757 26 optical optical JJ 39142 757 27 glass glass NN 39142 757 28 which which WDT 39142 757 29 have have VBP 39142 757 30 enabled enable VBN 39142 757 31 them -PRON- PRP 39142 757 32 to to TO 39142 757 33 make make VB 39142 757 34 disks disk NNS 39142 757 35 of of IN 39142 757 36 the the DT 39142 757 37 largest large JJS 39142 757 38 size size NN 39142 757 39 ; ; : 39142 757 40 second second LS 39142 757 41 , , , 39142 757 42 the the DT 39142 757 43 consummate consummate JJ 39142 757 44 skill skill NN 39142 757 45 of of IN 39142 757 46 modern modern JJ 39142 757 47 opticians optician NNS 39142 757 48 in in IN 39142 757 49 fashioning fashion VBG 39142 757 50 these these DT 39142 757 51 disks disk NNS 39142 757 52 into into IN 39142 757 53 perfect perfect JJ 39142 757 54 lenses lense NNS 39142 757 55 ; ; : 39142 757 56 and and CC 39142 757 57 third third RB 39142 757 58 , , , 39142 757 59 the the DT 39142 757 60 progress progress NN 39142 757 61 in in IN 39142 757 62 the the DT 39142 757 63 mechanical mechanical JJ 39142 757 64 arts art NNS 39142 757 65 and and CC 39142 757 66 engineering engineering NN 39142 757 67 , , , 39142 757 68 by by IN 39142 757 69 which which WDT 39142 757 70 telescope telescope NN 39142 757 71 tubes tube NNS 39142 757 72 of of IN 39142 757 73 many many JJ 39142 757 74 tons ton NNS 39142 757 75 ' ' POS 39142 757 76 weight weight NN 39142 757 77 are be VBP 39142 757 78 mounted mount VBN 39142 757 79 or or CC 39142 757 80 poised poise VBN 39142 757 81 so so RB 39142 757 82 delicately delicately RB 39142 757 83 that that IN 39142 757 84 the the DT 39142 757 85 thrust thrust NN 39142 757 86 of of IN 39142 757 87 a a DT 39142 757 88 finger finger NN 39142 757 89 readily readily RB 39142 757 90 swerves swerve VBZ 39142 757 91 them -PRON- PRP 39142 757 92 from from IN 39142 757 93 one one CD 39142 757 94 point point NN 39142 757 95 of of IN 39142 757 96 the the DT 39142 757 97 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 757 98 to to IN 39142 757 99 another another DT 39142 757 100 . . . 39142 758 1 As as IN 39142 758 2 the the DT 39142 758 3 telescope telescope NN 39142 758 4 is be VBZ 39142 758 5 the the DT 39142 758 6 most most RBS 39142 758 7 important important JJ 39142 758 8 of of IN 39142 758 9 all all DT 39142 758 10 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 758 11 instruments instrument NNS 39142 758 12 , , , 39142 758 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 758 14 is be VBZ 39142 758 15 necessary necessary JJ 39142 758 16 to to TO 39142 758 17 understand understand VB 39142 758 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 758 19 construction construction NN 39142 758 20 and and CC 39142 758 21 adjustment adjustment NN 39142 758 22 and and CC 39142 758 23 how how WRB 39142 758 24 the the DT 39142 758 25 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 758 26 uses use VBZ 39142 758 27 it -PRON- PRP 39142 758 28 . . . 39142 759 1 Telescopes telescope NNS 39142 759 2 are be VBP 39142 759 3 optical optical JJ 39142 759 4 instruments instrument NNS 39142 759 5 , , , 39142 759 6 and and CC 39142 759 7 nothing nothing NN 39142 759 8 but but IN 39142 759 9 optical optical JJ 39142 759 10 parts part NNS 39142 759 11 would would MD 39142 759 12 be be VB 39142 759 13 requisite requisite JJ 39142 759 14 in in IN 39142 759 15 making make VBG 39142 759 16 them -PRON- PRP 39142 759 17 , , , 39142 759 18 if if IN 39142 759 19 only only RB 39142 759 20 the the DT 39142 759 21 optical optical JJ 39142 759 22 conditions condition NNS 39142 759 23 of of IN 39142 759 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 759 25 perfect perfect JJ 39142 759 26 working working NN 39142 759 27 could could MD 39142 759 28 be be VB 39142 759 29 obtained obtain VBN 39142 759 30 without without IN 39142 759 31 other other JJ 39142 759 32 mechanical mechanical JJ 39142 759 33 accessories accessory NNS 39142 759 34 . . . 39142 760 1 In in IN 39142 760 2 original original JJ 39142 760 3 principle principle NN 39142 760 4 , , , 39142 760 5 all all DT 39142 760 6 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 760 7 are be VBP 39142 760 8 as as RB 39142 760 9 simple simple JJ 39142 760 10 as as IN 39142 760 11 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 760 12 's 's POS 39142 760 13 ; ; : 39142 760 14 first first RB 39142 760 15 , , , 39142 760 16 an an DT 39142 760 17 object object NN 39142 760 18 glass glass NN 39142 760 19 to to TO 39142 760 20 form form VB 39142 760 21 the the DT 39142 760 22 image image NN 39142 760 23 of of IN 39142 760 24 the the DT 39142 760 25 distant distant JJ 39142 760 26 object object NN 39142 760 27 ; ; : 39142 760 28 second second JJ 39142 760 29 the the DT 39142 760 30 eyepiece eyepiece NN 39142 760 31 usually usually RB 39142 760 32 made make VBN 39142 760 33 of of IN 39142 760 34 two two CD 39142 760 35 lenses lense NNS 39142 760 36 , , , 39142 760 37 but but CC 39142 760 38 really really RB 39142 760 39 a a DT 39142 760 40 microscope microscope NN 39142 760 41 , , , 39142 760 42 to to TO 39142 760 43 magnify magnify VB 39142 760 44 that that DT 39142 760 45 image image NN 39142 760 46 , , , 39142 760 47 and and CC 39142 760 48 working work VBG 39142 760 49 in in IN 39142 760 50 the the DT 39142 760 51 same same JJ 39142 760 52 way way NN 39142 760 53 that that WDT 39142 760 54 any any DT 39142 760 55 microscope microscope NN 39142 760 56 magnifies magnify VBZ 39142 760 57 an an DT 39142 760 58 object object NN 39142 760 59 close close JJ 39142 760 60 at at IN 39142 760 61 hand hand NN 39142 760 62 ; ; : 39142 760 63 and and CC 39142 760 64 third third RB 39142 760 65 , , , 39142 760 66 a a DT 39142 760 67 tube tube NN 39142 760 68 to to TO 39142 760 69 hold hold VB 39142 760 70 all all PDT 39142 760 71 the the DT 39142 760 72 necessary necessary JJ 39142 760 73 lenses lense NNS 39142 760 74 in in IN 39142 760 75 the the DT 39142 760 76 true true JJ 39142 760 77 relative relative JJ 39142 760 78 positions position NNS 39142 760 79 . . . 39142 761 1 [ [ -LRB- 39142 761 2 Illustration illustration NN 39142 761 3 : : : 39142 761 4 THE the DT 39142 761 5 100-INCH 100-INCH NNP 39142 761 6 HOOKER HOOKER NNP 39142 761 7 TELESCOPE TELESCOPE NNP 39142 761 8 , , , 39142 761 9 LARGEST LARGEST NNP 39142 761 10 REFLECTOR REFLECTOR NNP 39142 761 11 IN in IN 39142 761 12 THE the DT 39142 761 13 WORLD world NN 39142 761 14 , , , 39142 761 15 ON on IN 39142 761 16 MT MT NNP 39142 761 17 . . . 39142 762 1 WILSON wilson UH 39142 762 2 . . . 39142 763 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 763 2 _ _ NNP 39142 763 3 Photo Photo NNP 39142 763 4 , , , 39142 763 5 Mt. Mount NNP 39142 764 1 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 764 2 Solar Solar NNP 39142 764 3 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 764 4 . . . 39142 764 5 _ _ NNP 39142 764 6 ) ) -RRB- 39142 764 7 ] ] -RRB- 39142 764 8 [ [ -LRB- 39142 764 9 Illustration illustration NN 39142 764 10 : : : 39142 764 11 THE the DT 39142 764 12 LARGEST LARGEST NNP 39142 764 13 REFRACTOR REFRACTOR NNS 39142 764 14 , , , 39142 764 15 THE the DT 39142 764 16 40-INCH 40-INCH NNP 39142 764 17 TELESCOPE TELESCOPE NNP 39142 764 18 AT at IN 39142 764 19 YERKES YERKES NNP 39142 764 20 OBSERVATORY OBSERVATORY NNP 39142 764 21 . . . 39142 765 1 DOME DOME NNP 39142 765 2 90 90 CD 39142 765 3 FT FT NNP 39142 765 4 . . . 39142 766 1 IN in IN 39142 766 2 DIAMETER DIAMETER NNP 39142 766 3 . . . 39142 767 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 767 2 _ _ NNP 39142 767 3 Photo Photo NNP 39142 767 4 , , , 39142 767 5 Yerkes Yerkes NNP 39142 767 6 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 767 7 . . . 39142 767 8 _ _ NNP 39142 767 9 ) ) -RRB- 39142 767 10 ] ] -RRB- 39142 767 11 [ [ -LRB- 39142 767 12 Illustration illustration NN 39142 767 13 : : : 39142 767 14 THE the DT 39142 767 15 150-FT 150-ft CD 39142 767 16 . . . 39142 767 17 TOWER TOWER NNP 39142 767 18 AT at IN 39142 767 19 THE the DT 39142 767 20 MT MT NNP 39142 767 21 . . . 39142 768 1 WILSON WILSON NNP 39142 768 2 SOLAR SOLAR NNP 39142 768 3 OBSERVATORY observatory RB 39142 768 4 . . . 39142 769 1 At at IN 39142 769 2 the the DT 39142 769 3 left left NN 39142 769 4 is be VBZ 39142 769 5 a a DT 39142 769 6 diagram diagram NN 39142 769 7 of of IN 39142 769 8 tower tower NN 39142 769 9 , , , 39142 769 10 telescope telescope NN 39142 769 11 and and CC 39142 769 12 pit pit NN 39142 769 13 . . . 39142 770 1 At at IN 39142 770 2 the the DT 39142 770 3 upper upper JJ 39142 770 4 right right NN 39142 770 5 is be VBZ 39142 770 6 an an DT 39142 770 7 exterior exterior JJ 39142 770 8 view view NN 39142 770 9 of of IN 39142 770 10 the the DT 39142 770 11 tower tower NN 39142 770 12 ; ; : 39142 770 13 below below IN 39142 770 14 a a DT 39142 770 15 view view NN 39142 770 16 looking look VBG 39142 770 17 down down RP 39142 770 18 into into IN 39142 770 19 the the DT 39142 770 20 pit pit NN 39142 770 21 , , , 39142 770 22 75 75 CD 39142 770 23 ft ft NN 39142 770 24 . . NN 39142 770 25 deep deep JJ 39142 770 26 . . . 39142 771 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 771 2 _ _ NNP 39142 771 3 Photo Photo NNP 39142 771 4 , , , 39142 771 5 Mt. Mount NNP 39142 772 1 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 772 2 Solar Solar NNP 39142 772 3 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 772 4 . . . 39142 772 5 _ _ NNP 39142 772 6 ) ) -RRB- 39142 772 7 ] ] -RRB- 39142 772 8 The the DT 39142 772 9 focal focal JJ 39142 772 10 lengths length NNS 39142 772 11 of of IN 39142 772 12 object object NN 39142 772 13 glass glass NN 39142 772 14 and and CC 39142 772 15 eyepiece eyepiece NN 39142 772 16 will will MD 39142 772 17 determine determine VB 39142 772 18 just just RB 39142 772 19 what what WP 39142 772 20 distance distance NN 39142 772 21 apart apart IN 39142 772 22 the the DT 39142 772 23 lenses lense NNS 39142 772 24 must must MD 39142 772 25 be be VB 39142 772 26 in in IN 39142 772 27 order order NN 39142 772 28 to to TO 39142 772 29 give give VB 39142 772 30 perfect perfect JJ 39142 772 31 vision vision NN 39142 772 32 . . . 39142 773 1 But but CC 39142 773 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 773 3 is be VBZ 39142 773 4 quite quite RB 39142 773 5 as as RB 39142 773 6 important important JJ 39142 773 7 that that IN 39142 773 8 the the DT 39142 773 9 axes axis NNS 39142 773 10 of of IN 39142 773 11 all all PDT 39142 773 12 the the DT 39142 773 13 lenses lense NNS 39142 773 14 be be VB 39142 773 15 adjusted adjust VBN 39142 773 16 into into IN 39142 773 17 one one CD 39142 773 18 and and CC 39142 773 19 the the DT 39142 773 20 same same JJ 39142 773 21 straight straight JJ 39142 773 22 line line NN 39142 773 23 , , , 39142 773 24 and and CC 39142 773 25 then then RB 39142 773 26 held hold VBN 39142 773 27 there there RB 39142 773 28 rigidly rigidly RB 39142 773 29 and and CC 39142 773 30 permanently permanently RB 39142 773 31 . . . 39142 774 1 Otherwise otherwise RB 39142 774 2 vision vision NN 39142 774 3 with with IN 39142 774 4 the the DT 39142 774 5 telescope telescope NN 39142 774 6 will will MD 39142 774 7 be be VB 39142 774 8 very very RB 39142 774 9 imperfect imperfect JJ 39142 774 10 and and CC 39142 774 11 wholly wholly RB 39142 774 12 unsatisfactory unsatisfactory JJ 39142 774 13 . . . 39142 775 1 The the DT 39142 775 2 distance distance NN 39142 775 3 from from IN 39142 775 4 the the DT 39142 775 5 objective objective NN 39142 775 6 , , , 39142 775 7 or or CC 39142 775 8 object object VB 39142 775 9 glass glass NN 39142 775 10 to to IN 39142 775 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 775 12 focal focal JJ 39142 775 13 point point NN 39142 775 14 is be VBZ 39142 775 15 called call VBN 39142 775 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 775 17 focal focal JJ 39142 775 18 length length NN 39142 775 19 ; ; : 39142 775 20 and and CC 39142 775 21 if if IN 39142 775 22 we -PRON- PRP 39142 775 23 divide divide VBP 39142 775 24 this this DT 39142 775 25 by by IN 39142 775 26 the the DT 39142 775 27 focal focal JJ 39142 775 28 length length NN 39142 775 29 of of IN 39142 775 30 the the DT 39142 775 31 eyepiece eyepiece NN 39142 775 32 , , , 39142 775 33 we -PRON- PRP 39142 775 34 shall shall MD 39142 775 35 have have VB 39142 775 36 the the DT 39142 775 37 magnifying magnify VBG 39142 775 38 power power NN 39142 775 39 of of IN 39142 775 40 the the DT 39142 775 41 telescope telescope NN 39142 775 42 . . . 39142 776 1 The the DT 39142 776 2 eyepiece eyepiece NN 39142 776 3 will will MD 39142 776 4 usually usually RB 39142 776 5 be be VB 39142 776 6 made make VBN 39142 776 7 of of IN 39142 776 8 two two CD 39142 776 9 lenses lense NNS 39142 776 10 , , , 39142 776 11 or or CC 39142 776 12 more more JJR 39142 776 13 , , , 39142 776 14 and and CC 39142 776 15 we -PRON- PRP 39142 776 16 use use VBP 39142 776 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 776 18 focal focal JJ 39142 776 19 length length NN 39142 776 20 considered consider VBN 39142 776 21 as as IN 39142 776 22 a a DT 39142 776 23 single single JJ 39142 776 24 lens lens NN 39142 776 25 , , , 39142 776 26 in in IN 39142 776 27 getting get VBG 39142 776 28 the the DT 39142 776 29 magnifying magnify VBG 39142 776 30 power power NN 39142 776 31 . . . 39142 777 1 A a DT 39142 777 2 telescope telescope NN 39142 777 3 will will MD 39142 777 4 generally generally RB 39142 777 5 have have VB 39142 777 6 many many JJ 39142 777 7 eyepieces eyepiece NNS 39142 777 8 of of IN 39142 777 9 different different JJ 39142 777 10 focal focal JJ 39142 777 11 lengths length NNS 39142 777 12 , , , 39142 777 13 so so IN 39142 777 14 that that IN 39142 777 15 it -PRON- PRP 39142 777 16 will will MD 39142 777 17 have have VB 39142 777 18 a a DT 39142 777 19 corresponding corresponding JJ 39142 777 20 range range NN 39142 777 21 of of IN 39142 777 22 magnifying magnify VBG 39142 777 23 powers power NNS 39142 777 24 . . . 39142 778 1 The the DT 39142 778 2 lowest low JJS 39142 778 3 magnifying magnify VBG 39142 778 4 power power NN 39142 778 5 will will MD 39142 778 6 be be VB 39142 778 7 not not RB 39142 778 8 less less JJR 39142 778 9 than than IN 39142 778 10 four four CD 39142 778 11 or or CC 39142 778 12 five five CD 39142 778 13 diameters diameter NNS 39142 778 14 for for IN 39142 778 15 each each DT 39142 778 16 inch inch NN 39142 778 17 of of IN 39142 778 18 aperture aperture NN 39142 778 19 of of IN 39142 778 20 the the DT 39142 778 21 objective objective NN 39142 778 22 ; ; : 39142 778 23 otherwise otherwise RB 39142 778 24 the the DT 39142 778 25 eye eye NN 39142 778 26 will will MD 39142 778 27 fail fail VB 39142 778 28 to to TO 39142 778 29 receive receive VB 39142 778 30 all all PDT 39142 778 31 the the DT 39142 778 32 light light NN 39142 778 33 which which WDT 39142 778 34 falls fall VBZ 39142 778 35 upon upon IN 39142 778 36 the the DT 39142 778 37 glass glass NN 39142 778 38 . . . 39142 779 1 A a DT 39142 779 2 4-inch 4-inch CD 39142 779 3 telescope telescope NN 39142 779 4 will will MD 39142 779 5 therefore therefore RB 39142 779 6 have have VB 39142 779 7 no no DT 39142 779 8 eyepiece eyepiece NN 39142 779 9 with with IN 39142 779 10 a a DT 39142 779 11 lower low JJR 39142 779 12 magnifying magnifying NN 39142 779 13 power power NN 39142 779 14 than than IN 39142 779 15 about about RB 39142 779 16 20 20 CD 39142 779 17 diameters diameter NNS 39142 779 18 . . . 39142 780 1 The the DT 39142 780 2 highest high JJS 39142 780 3 magnifying magnify VBG 39142 780 4 power power NN 39142 780 5 advantageous advantageous JJ 39142 780 6 for for IN 39142 780 7 a a DT 39142 780 8 glass glass NN 39142 780 9 of of IN 39142 780 10 this this DT 39142 780 11 size size NN 39142 780 12 will will MD 39142 780 13 be be VB 39142 780 14 about about RB 39142 780 15 250 250 CD 39142 780 16 to to TO 39142 780 17 300 300 CD 39142 780 18 , , , 39142 780 19 the the DT 39142 780 20 working working NN 39142 780 21 rule rule NN 39142 780 22 being be VBG 39142 780 23 about about IN 39142 780 24 70 70 CD 39142 780 25 diameters diameter NNS 39142 780 26 to to IN 39142 780 27 each each DT 39142 780 28 inch inch NN 39142 780 29 of of IN 39142 780 30 aperture aperture NN 39142 780 31 , , , 39142 780 32 although although IN 39142 780 33 the the DT 39142 780 34 theoretical theoretical JJ 39142 780 35 limit limit NN 39142 780 36 is be VBZ 39142 780 37 regarded regard VBN 39142 780 38 as as IN 39142 780 39 100 100 CD 39142 780 40 . . . 39142 781 1 The the DT 39142 781 2 reason reason NN 39142 781 3 for for IN 39142 781 4 a a DT 39142 781 5 variety variety NN 39142 781 6 of of IN 39142 781 7 eyepieces eyepiece NNS 39142 781 8 with with IN 39142 781 9 different different JJ 39142 781 10 magnifying magnifying NN 39142 781 11 powers power NNS 39142 781 12 soon soon RB 39142 781 13 becomes become VBZ 39142 781 14 apparent apparent JJ 39142 781 15 on on IN 39142 781 16 using use VBG 39142 781 17 the the DT 39142 781 18 telescope telescope NN 39142 781 19 . . . 39142 782 1 Comets comet NNS 39142 782 2 and and CC 39142 782 3 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 782 4 call call VBP 39142 782 5 for for IN 39142 782 6 very very RB 39142 782 7 low low JJ 39142 782 8 powers power NNS 39142 782 9 , , , 39142 782 10 while while IN 39142 782 11 double double JJ 39142 782 12 stars star NNS 39142 782 13 and and CC 39142 782 14 the the DT 39142 782 15 planetary planetary NN 39142 782 16 surfaces surface NNS 39142 782 17 require require VBP 39142 782 18 the the DT 39142 782 19 higher high JJR 39142 782 20 powers power NNS 39142 782 21 , , , 39142 782 22 provided provide VBD 39142 782 23 the the DT 39142 782 24 state state NN 39142 782 25 of of IN 39142 782 26 the the DT 39142 782 27 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 782 28 at at IN 39142 782 29 the the DT 39142 782 30 moment moment NN 39142 782 31 will will MD 39142 782 32 allow allow VB 39142 782 33 it -PRON- PRP 39142 782 34 . . . 39142 783 1 If if IN 39142 783 2 there there EX 39142 783 3 is be VBZ 39142 783 4 much much JJ 39142 783 5 quivering quivering NN 39142 783 6 and and CC 39142 783 7 unsteadiness unsteadiness NN 39142 783 8 , , , 39142 783 9 nothing nothing NN 39142 783 10 is be VBZ 39142 783 11 gained gain VBN 39142 783 12 by by IN 39142 783 13 trying try VBG 39142 783 14 the the DT 39142 783 15 higher high JJR 39142 783 16 powers power NNS 39142 783 17 , , , 39142 783 18 because because IN 39142 783 19 all all PDT 39142 783 20 the the DT 39142 783 21 waves wave NNS 39142 783 22 of of IN 39142 783 23 unsteadiness unsteadiness NN 39142 783 24 are be VBP 39142 783 25 magnified magnify VBN 39142 783 26 also also RB 39142 783 27 in in IN 39142 783 28 the the DT 39142 783 29 same same JJ 39142 783 30 proportion proportion NN 39142 783 31 , , , 39142 783 32 and and CC 39142 783 33 sharpness sharpness NN 39142 783 34 of of IN 39142 783 35 vision vision NN 39142 783 36 , , , 39142 783 37 or or CC 39142 783 38 fine fine JJ 39142 783 39 definition definition NN 39142 783 40 , , , 39142 783 41 or or CC 39142 783 42 " " `` 39142 783 43 good good JJ 39142 783 44 seeing seeing NN 39142 783 45 , , , 39142 783 46 " " '' 39142 783 47 as as IN 39142 783 48 it -PRON- PRP 39142 783 49 is be VBZ 39142 783 50 called call VBN 39142 783 51 , , , 39142 783 52 becomes become VBZ 39142 783 53 impossible impossible JJ 39142 783 54 . . . 39142 784 1 The the DT 39142 784 2 vibrations vibration NNS 39142 784 3 and and CC 39142 784 4 tremors tremor NNS 39142 784 5 of of IN 39142 784 6 the the DT 39142 784 7 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 784 8 are be VBP 39142 784 9 the the DT 39142 784 10 greatest great JJS 39142 784 11 of of IN 39142 784 12 all all DT 39142 784 13 obstacles obstacle NNS 39142 784 14 to to IN 39142 784 15 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 784 16 observation observation NN 39142 784 17 , , , 39142 784 18 and and CC 39142 784 19 the the DT 39142 784 20 search search NN 39142 784 21 is be VBZ 39142 784 22 always always RB 39142 784 23 in in IN 39142 784 24 order order NN 39142 784 25 for for IN 39142 784 26 regions region NNS 39142 784 27 of of IN 39142 784 28 the the DT 39142 784 29 world world NN 39142 784 30 , , , 39142 784 31 in in IN 39142 784 32 deserts desert NNS 39142 784 33 or or CC 39142 784 34 on on IN 39142 784 35 high high JJ 39142 784 36 mountains mountain NNS 39142 784 37 , , , 39142 784 38 where where WRB 39142 784 39 the the DT 39142 784 40 quietest quiet JJS 39142 784 41 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 784 42 is be VBZ 39142 784 43 to to TO 39142 784 44 be be VB 39142 784 45 found find VBN 39142 784 46 . . . 39142 785 1 Quite quite PDT 39142 785 2 another another DT 39142 785 3 power power NN 39142 785 4 of of IN 39142 785 5 the the DT 39142 785 6 telescope telescope NN 39142 785 7 is be VBZ 39142 785 8 dependent dependent JJ 39142 785 9 on on IN 39142 785 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 785 11 objective objective NN 39142 785 12 solely solely RB 39142 785 13 : : : 39142 785 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 785 15 light light JJ 39142 785 16 - - HYPH 39142 785 17 gathering gather VBG 39142 785 18 power power NN 39142 785 19 . . . 39142 786 1 Light light NN 39142 786 2 by by IN 39142 786 3 which which WDT 39142 786 4 we -PRON- PRP 39142 786 5 see see VBP 39142 786 6 a a DT 39142 786 7 star star NN 39142 786 8 or or CC 39142 786 9 planet planet NN 39142 786 10 is be VBZ 39142 786 11 admitted admit VBN 39142 786 12 to to IN 39142 786 13 the the DT 39142 786 14 retina retina NN 39142 786 15 of of IN 39142 786 16 the the DT 39142 786 17 eye eye NN 39142 786 18 through through IN 39142 786 19 an an DT 39142 786 20 adjustable adjustable JJ 39142 786 21 aperture aperture NN 39142 786 22 called call VBN 39142 786 23 the the DT 39142 786 24 pupil pupil NN 39142 786 25 . . . 39142 787 1 In in IN 39142 787 2 the the DT 39142 787 3 dark dark NN 39142 787 4 or or CC 39142 787 5 at at IN 39142 787 6 night night NN 39142 787 7 , , , 39142 787 8 the the DT 39142 787 9 pupil pupil NN 39142 787 10 expands expand VBZ 39142 787 11 to to IN 39142 787 12 an an DT 39142 787 13 average average JJ 39142 787 14 diameter diameter NN 39142 787 15 of of IN 39142 787 16 one one CD 39142 787 17 - - HYPH 39142 787 18 fourth fourth NN 39142 787 19 of of IN 39142 787 20 an an DT 39142 787 21 inch inch NN 39142 787 22 . . . 39142 788 1 But but CC 39142 788 2 the the DT 39142 788 3 object object NN 39142 788 4 - - HYPH 39142 788 5 glass glass NN 39142 788 6 of of IN 39142 788 7 a a DT 39142 788 8 telescope telescope NN 39142 788 9 , , , 39142 788 10 by by IN 39142 788 11 focusing focus VBG 39142 788 12 the the DT 39142 788 13 rays ray NNS 39142 788 14 from from IN 39142 788 15 a a DT 39142 788 16 star star NN 39142 788 17 , , , 39142 788 18 pours pour VBZ 39142 788 19 into into IN 39142 788 20 the the DT 39142 788 21 eye eye NN 39142 788 22 , , , 39142 788 23 almost almost RB 39142 788 24 as as IN 39142 788 25 a a DT 39142 788 26 funnel funnel NN 39142 788 27 acts act VBZ 39142 788 28 with with IN 39142 788 29 water water NN 39142 788 30 , , , 39142 788 31 all all PDT 39142 788 32 the the DT 39142 788 33 light light NN 39142 788 34 which which WDT 39142 788 35 falls fall VBZ 39142 788 36 on on IN 39142 788 37 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 788 38 larger large JJR 39142 788 39 surface surface NN 39142 788 40 . . . 39142 789 1 And and CC 39142 789 2 as as IN 39142 789 3 geometry geometry NN 39142 789 4 has have VBZ 39142 789 5 settled settle VBN 39142 789 6 it -PRON- PRP 39142 789 7 for for IN 39142 789 8 us -PRON- PRP 39142 789 9 that that IN 39142 789 10 areas area NNS 39142 789 11 of of IN 39142 789 12 surfaces surface NNS 39142 789 13 are be VBP 39142 789 14 proportioned proportion VBN 39142 789 15 to to IN 39142 789 16 the the DT 39142 789 17 squares square NNS 39142 789 18 of of IN 39142 789 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 789 20 diameters diameter NNS 39142 789 21 , , , 39142 789 22 a a DT 39142 789 23 two two CD 39142 789 24 - - HYPH 39142 789 25 inch inch NN 39142 789 26 object object NN 39142 789 27 glass glass NN 39142 789 28 focuses focus VBZ 39142 789 29 upon upon IN 39142 789 30 the the DT 39142 789 31 retina retina NN 39142 789 32 of of IN 39142 789 33 the the DT 39142 789 34 eye eye NN 39142 789 35 64 64 CD 39142 789 36 times time NNS 39142 789 37 as as RB 39142 789 38 much much JJ 39142 789 39 light light NN 39142 789 40 as as IN 39142 789 41 the the DT 39142 789 42 unassisted unassisted JJ 39142 789 43 eye eye NN 39142 789 44 would would MD 39142 789 45 receive receive VB 39142 789 46 . . . 39142 790 1 And and CC 39142 790 2 the the DT 39142 790 3 great great JJ 39142 790 4 40-inch 40-inch CD 39142 790 5 objective objective NN 39142 790 6 of of IN 39142 790 7 the the DT 39142 790 8 Yerkes Yerkes NNP 39142 790 9 telescope telescope NN 39142 790 10 would would MD 39142 790 11 , , , 39142 790 12 theoretically theoretically RB 39142 790 13 , , , 39142 790 14 yield yield VB 39142 790 15 25,600 25,600 CD 39142 790 16 times time NNS 39142 790 17 as as RB 39142 790 18 much much JJ 39142 790 19 light light NN 39142 790 20 as as IN 39142 790 21 the the DT 39142 790 22 eye eye NN 39142 790 23 alone alone RB 39142 790 24 . . . 39142 791 1 But but CC 39142 791 2 there there EX 39142 791 3 would would MD 39142 791 4 be be VB 39142 791 5 a a DT 39142 791 6 noticeable noticeable JJ 39142 791 7 percentage percentage NN 39142 791 8 of of IN 39142 791 9 this this DT 39142 791 10 lost lose VBD 39142 791 11 through through IN 39142 791 12 absorption absorption NN 39142 791 13 by by IN 39142 791 14 the the DT 39142 791 15 glasses glass NNS 39142 791 16 of of IN 39142 791 17 the the DT 39142 791 18 telescope telescope NN 39142 791 19 and and CC 39142 791 20 scattering scatter VBG 39142 791 21 by by IN 39142 791 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 791 23 surfaces surface NNS 39142 791 24 . . . 39142 792 1 The the DT 39142 792 2 first first JJ 39142 792 3 makers maker NNS 39142 792 4 of of IN 39142 792 5 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 792 6 soon soon RB 39142 792 7 encountered encounter VBD 39142 792 8 a a DT 39142 792 9 most most RBS 39142 792 10 discouraging discouraging JJ 39142 792 11 difficulty difficulty NN 39142 792 12 , , , 39142 792 13 because because IN 39142 792 14 it -PRON- PRP 39142 792 15 seemed seem VBD 39142 792 16 to to IN 39142 792 17 them -PRON- PRP 39142 792 18 absolutely absolutely RB 39142 792 19 insuperable insuperable JJ 39142 792 20 . . . 39142 793 1 This this DT 39142 793 2 is be VBZ 39142 793 3 known know VBN 39142 793 4 as as IN 39142 793 5 chromatic chromatic JJ 39142 793 6 aberration aberration NN 39142 793 7 , , , 39142 793 8 or or CC 39142 793 9 the the DT 39142 793 10 scattering scattering NN 39142 793 11 of of IN 39142 793 12 light light NN 39142 793 13 in in IN 39142 793 14 a a DT 39142 793 15 telescope telescope NN 39142 793 16 due due JJ 39142 793 17 simply simply RB 39142 793 18 to to IN 39142 793 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 793 20 color color NN 39142 793 21 or or CC 39142 793 22 wave wave NN 39142 793 23 length length NN 39142 793 24 . . . 39142 794 1 When when WRB 39142 794 2 light light NN 39142 794 3 passes pass VBZ 39142 794 4 through through IN 39142 794 5 a a DT 39142 794 6 prism prism NN 39142 794 7 , , , 39142 794 8 red red JJ 39142 794 9 is be VBZ 39142 794 10 refracted refract VBN 39142 794 11 the the DT 39142 794 12 least least JJS 39142 794 13 and and CC 39142 794 14 violet violet VB 39142 794 15 the the DT 39142 794 16 most most RBS 39142 794 17 . . . 39142 795 1 Through through IN 39142 795 2 a a DT 39142 795 3 lens lens NN 39142 795 4 it -PRON- PRP 39142 795 5 is be VBZ 39142 795 6 the the DT 39142 795 7 same same JJ 39142 795 8 , , , 39142 795 9 because because IN 39142 795 10 a a DT 39142 795 11 lens lens NN 39142 795 12 may may MD 39142 795 13 be be VB 39142 795 14 regarded regard VBN 39142 795 15 as as IN 39142 795 16 an an DT 39142 795 17 indefinite indefinite JJ 39142 795 18 system system NN 39142 795 19 of of IN 39142 795 20 prisms prism NNS 39142 795 21 . . . 39142 796 1 The the DT 39142 796 2 image image NN 39142 796 3 of of IN 39142 796 4 a a DT 39142 796 5 star star NN 39142 796 6 or or CC 39142 796 7 planet planet NN 39142 796 8 , , , 39142 796 9 then then RB 39142 796 10 , , , 39142 796 11 formed form VBN 39142 796 12 by by IN 39142 796 13 a a DT 39142 796 14 single single JJ 39142 796 15 lens lens NN 39142 796 16 can can MD 39142 796 17 not not RB 39142 796 18 be be VB 39142 796 19 optically optically RB 39142 796 20 perfect perfect JJ 39142 796 21 ; ; : 39142 796 22 instead instead RB 39142 796 23 it -PRON- PRP 39142 796 24 will will MD 39142 796 25 be be VB 39142 796 26 a a DT 39142 796 27 confused confused JJ 39142 796 28 intermingling intermingling NN 39142 796 29 of of IN 39142 796 30 images image NNS 39142 796 31 of of IN 39142 796 32 various various JJ 39142 796 33 colors color NNS 39142 796 34 . . . 39142 797 1 With with IN 39142 797 2 low low JJ 39142 797 3 powers power NNS 39142 797 4 this this DT 39142 797 5 will will MD 39142 797 6 not not RB 39142 797 7 be be VB 39142 797 8 very very RB 39142 797 9 troublesome troublesome JJ 39142 797 10 , , , 39142 797 11 but but CC 39142 797 12 great great JJ 39142 797 13 indistinctness indistinctness NN 39142 797 14 results result NNS 39142 797 15 from from IN 39142 797 16 the the DT 39142 797 17 use use NN 39142 797 18 of of IN 39142 797 19 high high JJ 39142 797 20 magnifying magnify VBG 39142 797 21 powers power NNS 39142 797 22 . . . 39142 798 1 The the DT 39142 798 2 early early JJ 39142 798 3 makers maker NNS 39142 798 4 and and CC 39142 798 5 users user NNS 39142 798 6 of of IN 39142 798 7 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 798 8 in in IN 39142 798 9 the the DT 39142 798 10 latter latter JJ 39142 798 11 part part NN 39142 798 12 of of IN 39142 798 13 the the DT 39142 798 14 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 39142 798 15 century century NN 39142 798 16 found find VBD 39142 798 17 that that IN 39142 798 18 the the DT 39142 798 19 troublesome troublesome JJ 39142 798 20 effects effect NNS 39142 798 21 of of IN 39142 798 22 chromatic chromatic JJ 39142 798 23 aberration aberration NN 39142 798 24 could could MD 39142 798 25 be be VB 39142 798 26 much much RB 39142 798 27 reduced reduce VBN 39142 798 28 by by IN 39142 798 29 increasing increase VBG 39142 798 30 the the DT 39142 798 31 focal focal JJ 39142 798 32 length length NN 39142 798 33 of of IN 39142 798 34 the the DT 39142 798 35 objective objective NN 39142 798 36 . . . 39142 799 1 This this DT 39142 799 2 led lead VBD 39142 799 3 to to IN 39142 799 4 what what WP 39142 799 5 we -PRON- PRP 39142 799 6 term term VBP 39142 799 7 engineering engineer VBG 39142 799 8 difficulties difficulty NNS 39142 799 9 of of IN 39142 799 10 a a DT 39142 799 11 very very RB 39142 799 12 serious serious JJ 39142 799 13 nature nature NN 39142 799 14 , , , 39142 799 15 because because IN 39142 799 16 the the DT 39142 799 17 tubes tube NNS 39142 799 18 of of IN 39142 799 19 great great JJ 39142 799 20 length length NN 39142 799 21 were be VBD 39142 799 22 very very RB 39142 799 23 awkward awkward JJ 39142 799 24 in in IN 39142 799 25 pointing point VBG 39142 799 26 toward toward IN 39142 799 27 celestial celestial JJ 39142 799 28 objects object NNS 39142 799 29 , , , 39142 799 30 especially especially RB 39142 799 31 near near IN 39142 799 32 the the DT 39142 799 33 zenith zenith NN 39142 799 34 , , , 39142 799 35 where where WRB 39142 799 36 the the DT 39142 799 37 air air NN 39142 799 38 is be VBZ 39142 799 39 quietest quiet JJS 39142 799 40 . . . 39142 800 1 And and CC 39142 800 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 800 3 was be VBD 39142 800 4 next next JJ 39142 800 5 to to IN 39142 800 6 impossible impossible JJ 39142 800 7 to to TO 39142 800 8 hold hold VB 39142 800 9 an an DT 39142 800 10 object object NN 39142 800 11 steadily steadily RB 39142 800 12 in in IN 39142 800 13 the the DT 39142 800 14 field field NN 39142 800 15 , , , 39142 800 16 even even RB 39142 800 17 after after IN 39142 800 18 all all PDT 39142 800 19 the the DT 39142 800 20 troubles trouble NNS 39142 800 21 of of IN 39142 800 22 getting get VBG 39142 800 23 it -PRON- PRP 39142 800 24 there there EX 39142 800 25 had have VBD 39142 800 26 been be VBN 39142 800 27 successfully successfully RB 39142 800 28 overcome overcome VBN 39142 800 29 . . . 39142 801 1 Bianchini Bianchini NNP 39142 801 2 and and CC 39142 801 3 Cassini Cassini NNP 39142 801 4 , , , 39142 801 5 Hevelius Hevelius NNP 39142 801 6 and and CC 39142 801 7 Huygens Huygens NNPS 39142 801 8 were be VBD 39142 801 9 among among IN 39142 801 10 the the DT 39142 801 11 active active JJ 39142 801 12 observers observer NNS 39142 801 13 of of IN 39142 801 14 that that DT 39142 801 15 epoch epoch NN 39142 801 16 who who WP 39142 801 17 built build VBD 39142 801 18 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 801 19 of of IN 39142 801 20 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 39142 801 21 length length NN 39142 801 22 , , , 39142 801 23 a a DT 39142 801 24 hundred hundred CD 39142 801 25 feet foot NNS 39142 801 26 and and CC 39142 801 27 upward upward RB 39142 801 28 . . . 39142 802 1 One one CD 39142 802 2 tube tube NN 39142 802 3 is be VBZ 39142 802 4 said say VBN 39142 802 5 to to TO 39142 802 6 have have VB 39142 802 7 been be VBN 39142 802 8 built build VBN 39142 802 9 600 600 CD 39142 802 10 feet foot NNS 39142 802 11 in in IN 39142 802 12 length length NN 39142 802 13 , , , 39142 802 14 but but CC 39142 802 15 quite quite RB 39142 802 16 certainly certainly RB 39142 802 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 802 18 could could MD 39142 802 19 never never RB 39142 802 20 have have VB 39142 802 21 been be VBN 39142 802 22 used use VBN 39142 802 23 . . . 39142 803 1 So so RB 39142 803 2 - - HYPH 39142 803 3 called call VBN 39142 803 4 aerial aerial JJ 39142 803 5 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 803 6 were be VBD 39142 803 7 also also RB 39142 803 8 constructed construct VBN 39142 803 9 , , , 39142 803 10 in in IN 39142 803 11 which which WDT 39142 803 12 the the DT 39142 803 13 objective objective NN 39142 803 14 was be VBD 39142 803 15 mounted mount VBN 39142 803 16 on on IN 39142 803 17 top top NN 39142 803 18 of of IN 39142 803 19 a a DT 39142 803 20 tower tower NN 39142 803 21 or or CC 39142 803 22 a a DT 39142 803 23 pole pole NN 39142 803 24 , , , 39142 803 25 and and CC 39142 803 26 the the DT 39142 803 27 eyepiece eyepiece NN 39142 803 28 moved move VBN 39142 803 29 along along RB 39142 803 30 near near IN 39142 803 31 the the DT 39142 803 32 ground ground NN 39142 803 33 . . . 39142 804 1 But but CC 39142 804 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 804 3 is be VBZ 39142 804 4 difficult difficult JJ 39142 804 5 to to TO 39142 804 6 see see VB 39142 804 7 how how WRB 39142 804 8 anything anything NN 39142 804 9 but but CC 39142 804 10 fleeting fleeting JJ 39142 804 11 glimpses glimpse NNS 39142 804 12 of of IN 39142 804 13 the the DT 39142 804 14 heavenly heavenly JJ 39142 804 15 bodies body NNS 39142 804 16 could could MD 39142 804 17 have have VB 39142 804 18 been be VBN 39142 804 19 obtained obtain VBN 39142 804 20 with with IN 39142 804 21 such such JJ 39142 804 22 contrivances contrivance NNS 39142 804 23 , , , 39142 804 24 even even RB 39142 804 25 if if IN 39142 804 26 the the DT 39142 804 27 lenses lense NNS 39142 804 28 had have VBD 39142 804 29 been be VBN 39142 804 30 perfect perfect JJ 39142 804 31 . . . 39142 805 1 Newton Newton NNP 39142 805 2 indeed indeed RB 39142 805 3 , , , 39142 805 4 who who WP 39142 805 5 was be VBD 39142 805 6 expert expert NN 39142 805 7 in in IN 39142 805 8 optics optic NNS 39142 805 9 , , , 39142 805 10 gave give VBD 39142 805 11 up up RP 39142 805 12 the the DT 39142 805 13 problem problem NN 39142 805 14 of of IN 39142 805 15 improving improve VBG 39142 805 16 the the DT 39142 805 17 refracting refracting NN 39142 805 18 telescope telescope NN 39142 805 19 , , , 39142 805 20 and and CC 39142 805 21 turned turn VBD 39142 805 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 805 23 energies energy NNS 39142 805 24 toward toward IN 39142 805 25 the the DT 39142 805 26 reflector reflector NN 39142 805 27 . . . 39142 806 1 In in IN 39142 806 2 1733 1733 CD 39142 806 3 , , , 39142 806 4 half half PDT 39142 806 5 a a DT 39142 806 6 century century NN 39142 806 7 after after IN 39142 806 8 Newton Newton NNP 39142 806 9 and and CC 39142 806 10 a a DT 39142 806 11 century century NN 39142 806 12 and and CC 39142 806 13 a a DT 39142 806 14 quarter quarter NN 39142 806 15 after after IN 39142 806 16 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 806 17 , , , 39142 806 18 Chester Chester NNP 39142 806 19 More More NNP 39142 806 20 Hall Hall NNP 39142 806 21 , , , 39142 806 22 an an DT 39142 806 23 Englishman Englishman NNP 39142 806 24 , , , 39142 806 25 found find VBN 39142 806 26 by by IN 39142 806 27 experiment experiment NN 39142 806 28 that that IN 39142 806 29 chromatic chromatic JJ 39142 806 30 aberration aberration NN 39142 806 31 could could MD 39142 806 32 be be VB 39142 806 33 nearly nearly RB 39142 806 34 eliminated eliminate VBN 39142 806 35 by by IN 39142 806 36 making make VBG 39142 806 37 the the DT 39142 806 38 objective objective NN 39142 806 39 of of IN 39142 806 40 two two CD 39142 806 41 lenses lense NNS 39142 806 42 instead instead RB 39142 806 43 of of IN 39142 806 44 one one CD 39142 806 45 , , , 39142 806 46 and and CC 39142 806 47 the the DT 39142 806 48 same same JJ 39142 806 49 invention invention NN 39142 806 50 was be VBD 39142 806 51 made make VBN 39142 806 52 independently independently RB 39142 806 53 by by IN 39142 806 54 Dollond Dollond NNP 39142 806 55 , , , 39142 806 56 an an DT 39142 806 57 English english JJ 39142 806 58 optician optician NN 39142 806 59 , , , 39142 806 60 who who WP 39142 806 61 took take VBD 39142 806 62 out out RP 39142 806 63 letters letter NNS 39142 806 64 patent patent NN 39142 806 65 about about RB 39142 806 66 1760 1760 CD 39142 806 67 . . . 39142 807 1 So so RB 39142 807 2 the the DT 39142 807 3 size size NN 39142 807 4 of of IN 39142 807 5 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 807 6 seemed seem VBD 39142 807 7 to to TO 39142 807 8 be be VB 39142 807 9 limited limit VBN 39142 807 10 only only RB 39142 807 11 by by IN 39142 807 12 the the DT 39142 807 13 skill skill NN 39142 807 14 of of IN 39142 807 15 the the DT 39142 807 16 glassmaker glassmaker NN 39142 807 17 and and CC 39142 807 18 the the DT 39142 807 19 size size NN 39142 807 20 of of IN 39142 807 21 disks disk NNS 39142 807 22 that that WDT 39142 807 23 he -PRON- PRP 39142 807 24 might may MD 39142 807 25 find find VB 39142 807 26 it -PRON- PRP 39142 807 27 practicable practicable JJ 39142 807 28 to to TO 39142 807 29 produce produce VB 39142 807 30 . . . 39142 808 1 What what WP 39142 808 2 Hall Hall NNP 39142 808 3 and and CC 39142 808 4 Dollond Dollond NNP 39142 808 5 did do VBD 39142 808 6 was be VBD 39142 808 7 to to TO 39142 808 8 make make VB 39142 808 9 the the DT 39142 808 10 outer outer JJ 39142 808 11 or or CC 39142 808 12 crown crown VB 39142 808 13 lens lens NN 39142 808 14 of of IN 39142 808 15 the the DT 39142 808 16 objective objective NN 39142 808 17 as as IN 39142 808 18 before before RB 39142 808 19 , , , 39142 808 20 and and CC 39142 808 21 place place VB 39142 808 22 behind behind IN 39142 808 23 it -PRON- PRP 39142 808 24 a a DT 39142 808 25 plano plano JJ 39142 808 26 - - HYPH 39142 808 27 concave concave NN 39142 808 28 lens lens NN 39142 808 29 of of IN 39142 808 30 dense dense JJ 39142 808 31 flint flint NN 39142 808 32 glass glass NN 39142 808 33 . . . 39142 809 1 This this DT 39142 809 2 had have VBD 39142 809 3 the the DT 39142 809 4 effect effect NN 39142 809 5 of of IN 39142 809 6 neutralizing neutralize VBG 39142 809 7 the the DT 39142 809 8 chromatic chromatic JJ 39142 809 9 effect effect NN 39142 809 10 , , , 39142 809 11 or or CC 39142 809 12 color color NN 39142 809 13 aberration aberration NN 39142 809 14 , , , 39142 809 15 while while IN 39142 809 16 at at IN 39142 809 17 the the DT 39142 809 18 same same JJ 39142 809 19 time time NN 39142 809 20 only only RB 39142 809 21 part part NN 39142 809 22 of of IN 39142 809 23 the the DT 39142 809 24 refractive refractive JJ 39142 809 25 effect effect NN 39142 809 26 of of IN 39142 809 27 the the DT 39142 809 28 crown crown NN 39142 809 29 lens lens NN 39142 809 30 was be VBD 39142 809 31 destroyed destroy VBN 39142 809 32 . . . 39142 810 1 This this DT 39142 810 2 ingenious ingenious JJ 39142 810 3 but but CC 39142 810 4 costly costly JJ 39142 810 5 combination combination NN 39142 810 6 prepared prepare VBD 39142 810 7 the the DT 39142 810 8 way way NN 39142 810 9 for for IN 39142 810 10 the the DT 39142 810 11 great great JJ 39142 810 12 refracting refracting NN 39142 810 13 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 810 14 of of IN 39142 810 15 the the DT 39142 810 16 present present JJ 39142 810 17 day day NN 39142 810 18 , , , 39142 810 19 because because IN 39142 810 20 it -PRON- PRP 39142 810 21 solved solve VBD 39142 810 22 , , , 39142 810 23 or or CC 39142 810 24 seemed seem VBD 39142 810 25 to to TO 39142 810 26 solve solve VB 39142 810 27 , , , 39142 810 28 the the DT 39142 810 29 important important JJ 39142 810 30 problem problem NN 39142 810 31 of of IN 39142 810 32 getting get VBG 39142 810 33 the the DT 39142 810 34 necessary necessary JJ 39142 810 35 refraction refraction NN 39142 810 36 of of IN 39142 810 37 light light JJ 39142 810 38 rays ray NNS 39142 810 39 without without IN 39142 810 40 harmful harmful JJ 39142 810 41 dispersion dispersion NN 39142 810 42 or or CC 39142 810 43 decomposition decomposition NN 39142 810 44 of of IN 39142 810 45 them -PRON- PRP 39142 810 46 . . . 39142 811 1 Through through IN 39142 811 2 the the DT 39142 811 3 18th 18th JJ 39142 811 4 century century NN 39142 811 5 and and CC 39142 811 6 the the DT 39142 811 7 first first JJ 39142 811 8 years year NNS 39142 811 9 of of IN 39142 811 10 the the DT 39142 811 11 19th 19th JJ 39142 811 12 many many JJ 39142 811 13 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 811 14 of of IN 39142 811 15 a a DT 39142 811 16 size size NN 39142 811 17 very very RB 39142 811 18 great great JJ 39142 811 19 for for IN 39142 811 20 that that DT 39142 811 21 day day NN 39142 811 22 were be VBD 39142 811 23 built build VBN 39142 811 24 , , , 39142 811 25 and and CC 39142 811 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 811 27 success success NN 39142 811 28 seemed seem VBD 39142 811 29 complete complete JJ 39142 811 30 . . . 39142 812 1 With with IN 39142 812 2 large large JJ 39142 812 3 increase increase NN 39142 812 4 in in IN 39142 812 5 the the DT 39142 812 6 size size NN 39142 812 7 of of IN 39142 812 8 the the DT 39142 812 9 disks disk NNS 39142 812 10 , , , 39142 812 11 however however RB 39142 812 12 , , , 39142 812 13 a a DT 39142 812 14 new new JJ 39142 812 15 trouble trouble NN 39142 812 16 arose arise VBD 39142 812 17 , , , 39142 812 18 quite quite RB 39142 812 19 inherent inherent JJ 39142 812 20 in in IN 39142 812 21 the the DT 39142 812 22 glass glass NN 39142 812 23 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 812 24 . . . 39142 813 1 The the DT 39142 813 2 two two CD 39142 813 3 kinds kind NNS 39142 813 4 of of IN 39142 813 5 glass glass NN 39142 813 6 , , , 39142 813 7 flint flint NN 39142 813 8 and and CC 39142 813 9 crown crown VBP 39142 813 10 , , , 39142 813 11 do do VBP 39142 813 12 not not RB 39142 813 13 decompose decompose VB 39142 813 14 white white JJ 39142 813 15 light light NN 39142 813 16 with with IN 39142 813 17 uniformity uniformity NN 39142 813 18 , , , 39142 813 19 so so IN 39142 813 20 that that IN 39142 813 21 when when WRB 39142 813 22 the the DT 39142 813 23 so so RB 39142 813 24 - - HYPH 39142 813 25 called call VBN 39142 813 26 achromatic achromatic JJ 39142 813 27 objective objective NN 39142 813 28 was be VBD 39142 813 29 composed compose VBN 39142 813 30 of of IN 39142 813 31 flint flint NN 39142 813 32 and and CC 39142 813 33 crown crown NN 39142 813 34 , , , 39142 813 35 there there EX 39142 813 36 was be VBD 39142 813 37 an an DT 39142 813 38 effect effect NN 39142 813 39 known know VBN 39142 813 40 as as IN 39142 813 41 irrationality irrationality NN 39142 813 42 of of IN 39142 813 43 dispersion dispersion NN 39142 813 44 , , , 39142 813 45 or or CC 39142 813 46 secondary secondary JJ 39142 813 47 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 813 48 , , , 39142 813 49 which which WDT 39142 813 50 produced produce VBD 39142 813 51 a a DT 39142 813 52 very very RB 39142 813 53 troublesome troublesome JJ 39142 813 54 residuum residuum NN 39142 813 55 of of IN 39142 813 56 blue blue NNP 39142 813 57 light light NN 39142 813 58 surrounding surround VBG 39142 813 59 the the DT 39142 813 60 images image NNS 39142 813 61 of of IN 39142 813 62 bright bright JJ 39142 813 63 objects object NNS 39142 813 64 . . . 39142 814 1 This this DT 39142 814 2 is be VBZ 39142 814 3 the the DT 39142 814 4 most most RBS 39142 814 5 serious serious JJ 39142 814 6 defect defect NN 39142 814 7 of of IN 39142 814 8 all all PDT 39142 814 9 the the DT 39142 814 10 great great JJ 39142 814 11 refractors refractor NNS 39142 814 12 of of IN 39142 814 13 the the DT 39142 814 14 day day NN 39142 814 15 , , , 39142 814 16 and and CC 39142 814 17 effectively effectively RB 39142 814 18 it -PRON- PRP 39142 814 19 limits limit VBZ 39142 814 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 814 21 size size NN 39142 814 22 to to IN 39142 814 23 about about RB 39142 814 24 60 60 CD 39142 814 25 inches inch NNS 39142 814 26 of of IN 39142 814 27 aperture aperture NN 39142 814 28 , , , 39142 814 29 with with IN 39142 814 30 present present JJ 39142 814 31 types type NNS 39142 814 32 of of IN 39142 814 33 flint flint NN 39142 814 34 and and CC 39142 814 35 crown crown NN 39142 814 36 . . . 39142 815 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 815 2 is be VBZ 39142 815 3 expected expect VBN 39142 815 4 by by IN 39142 815 5 present present JJ 39142 815 6 experimenters experimenter NNS 39142 815 7 , , , 39142 815 8 however however RB 39142 815 9 , , , 39142 815 10 that that IN 39142 815 11 further further JJ 39142 815 12 improvements improvement NNS 39142 815 13 in in IN 39142 815 14 optical optical JJ 39142 815 15 glass glass NN 39142 815 16 will will MD 39142 815 17 do do VB 39142 815 18 much much JJ 39142 815 19 to to TO 39142 815 20 extend extend VB 39142 815 21 this this DT 39142 815 22 limit limit NN 39142 815 23 ; ; : 39142 815 24 so so IN 39142 815 25 that that IN 39142 815 26 a a DT 39142 815 27 refracting refracting NN 39142 815 28 telescope telescope NN 39142 815 29 of of IN 39142 815 30 much much RB 39142 815 31 greater great JJR 39142 815 32 size size NN 39142 815 33 than than IN 39142 815 34 any any DT 39142 815 35 now now RB 39142 815 36 in in IN 39142 815 37 existence existence NN 39142 815 38 will will MD 39142 815 39 be be VB 39142 815 40 practicable practicable JJ 39142 815 41 . . . 39142 816 1 Improvements improvement NNS 39142 816 2 in in IN 39142 816 3 mounting mount VBG 39142 816 4 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 816 5 , , , 39142 816 6 too too RB 39142 816 7 , , , 39142 816 8 are be VBP 39142 816 9 still still RB 39142 816 10 possible possible JJ 39142 816 11 . . . 39142 817 1 Within within IN 39142 817 2 recent recent JJ 39142 817 3 years year NNS 39142 817 4 , , , 39142 817 5 Hartness Hartness NNP 39142 817 6 , , , 39142 817 7 of of IN 39142 817 8 Springfield Springfield NNP 39142 817 9 , , , 39142 817 10 Vermont Vermont NNP 39142 817 11 , , , 39142 817 12 has have VBZ 39142 817 13 erected erect VBN 39142 817 14 a a DT 39142 817 15 new new JJ 39142 817 16 and and CC 39142 817 17 ingenious ingenious JJ 39142 817 18 type type NN 39142 817 19 of of IN 39142 817 20 turret turret NN 39142 817 21 telescope telescope NN 39142 817 22 which which WDT 39142 817 23 protects protect VBZ 39142 817 24 the the DT 39142 817 25 observer observer NN 39142 817 26 from from IN 39142 817 27 wind wind NN 39142 817 28 and and CC 39142 817 29 cold cold JJ 39142 817 30 while while IN 39142 817 31 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 817 32 instrument instrument NN 39142 817 33 is be VBZ 39142 817 34 outside outside RB 39142 817 35 . . . 39142 818 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 818 2 affords afford VBZ 39142 818 3 exceptional exceptional JJ 39142 818 4 facilities facility NNS 39142 818 5 for for IN 39142 818 6 rapid rapid JJ 39142 818 7 and and CC 39142 818 8 convenient convenient JJ 39142 818 9 observing observing NN 39142 818 10 , , , 39142 818 11 as as IN 39142 818 12 for for IN 39142 818 13 variable variable JJ 39142 818 14 stars star NNS 39142 818 15 , , , 39142 818 16 and and CC 39142 818 17 is be VBZ 39142 818 18 adaptable adaptable JJ 39142 818 19 to to IN 39142 818 20 both both DT 39142 818 21 refractors refractor NNS 39142 818 22 and and CC 39142 818 23 reflectors reflector NNS 39142 818 24 . . . 39142 819 1 The the DT 39142 819 2 captivating captivating NN 39142 819 3 study study NN 39142 819 4 of of IN 39142 819 5 the the DT 39142 819 6 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 819 7 can can MD 39142 819 8 of of IN 39142 819 9 course course NN 39142 819 10 be be VB 39142 819 11 begun begin VBN 39142 819 12 with with IN 39142 819 13 the the DT 39142 819 14 naked naked JJ 39142 819 15 eye eye NN 39142 819 16 alone alone RB 39142 819 17 , , , 39142 819 18 but but CC 39142 819 19 very very RB 39142 819 20 moderate moderate JJ 39142 819 21 optical optical JJ 39142 819 22 assistance assistance NN 39142 819 23 is be VBZ 39142 819 24 a a DT 39142 819 25 great great JJ 39142 819 26 help help NN 39142 819 27 and and CC 39142 819 28 stimulates stimulate NNS 39142 819 29 . . . 39142 820 1 An an DT 39142 820 2 opera opera NN 39142 820 3 - - HYPH 39142 820 4 glass glass NN 39142 820 5 affords afford NNS 39142 820 6 such such JJ 39142 820 7 assistance assistance NN 39142 820 8 ; ; : 39142 820 9 a a DT 39142 820 10 field field NN 39142 820 11 - - HYPH 39142 820 12 glass glass NN 39142 820 13 does do VBZ 39142 820 14 still still RB 39142 820 15 better well RBR 39142 820 16 , , , 39142 820 17 and and CC 39142 820 18 best good JJS 39142 820 19 of of IN 39142 820 20 all all DT 39142 820 21 , , , 39142 820 22 for for IN 39142 820 23 certain certain JJ 39142 820 24 purposes purpose NNS 39142 820 25 , , , 39142 820 26 is be VBZ 39142 820 27 a a DT 39142 820 28 modern modern JJ 39142 820 29 prism prism NN 39142 820 30 - - HYPH 39142 820 31 binocular binocular NN 39142 820 32 . . . 39142 821 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39142 821 2 XIX XIX NNP 39142 821 3 REFLECTORS reflector NNS 39142 821 4 -- -- : 39142 821 5 MIRROR MIRROR NNP 39142 821 6 TELESCOPES TELESCOPES NNP 39142 821 7 Cherished cherish VBN 39142 821 8 with with IN 39142 821 9 the the DT 39142 821 10 utmost utmost JJ 39142 821 11 care care NN 39142 821 12 in in IN 39142 821 13 the the DT 39142 821 14 rooms room NNS 39142 821 15 of of IN 39142 821 16 the the DT 39142 821 17 Royal Royal NNP 39142 821 18 Society Society NNP 39142 821 19 of of IN 39142 821 20 London London NNP 39142 821 21 is be VBZ 39142 821 22 a a DT 39142 821 23 world world NN 39142 821 24 - - HYPH 39142 821 25 famous famous JJ 39142 821 26 telescope telescope NN 39142 821 27 , , , 39142 821 28 a a DT 39142 821 29 diminutive diminutive JJ 39142 821 30 reflector reflector NN 39142 821 31 made make VBN 39142 821 32 by by IN 39142 821 33 the the DT 39142 821 34 hands hand NNS 39142 821 35 of of IN 39142 821 36 Sir Sir NNP 39142 821 37 Isaac Isaac NNP 39142 821 38 Newton Newton NNP 39142 821 39 . . . 39142 822 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 822 2 have have VBP 39142 822 3 already already RB 39142 822 4 mentioned mention VBN 39142 822 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 822 6 connection connection NN 39142 822 7 with with IN 39142 822 8 the the DT 39142 822 9 refractor refractor NN 39142 822 10 ; ; : 39142 822 11 and and CC 39142 822 12 how how WRB 39142 822 13 he -PRON- PRP 39142 822 14 abandoned abandon VBD 39142 822 15 that that DT 39142 822 16 type type NN 39142 822 17 of of IN 39142 822 18 telescope telescope NN 39142 822 19 in in IN 39142 822 20 favor favor NN 39142 822 21 of of IN 39142 822 22 the the DT 39142 822 23 reflecting reflect VBG 39142 822 24 mirror mirror NN 39142 822 25 , , , 39142 822 26 or or CC 39142 822 27 reflector reflector NN 39142 822 28 in in IN 39142 822 29 which which WDT 39142 822 30 the the DT 39142 822 31 obstacles obstacle NNS 39142 822 32 to to IN 39142 822 33 great great JJ 39142 822 34 size size NN 39142 822 35 appeared appear VBD 39142 822 36 to to TO 39142 822 37 be be VB 39142 822 38 purely purely RB 39142 822 39 mechanical mechanical JJ 39142 822 40 . . . 39142 823 1 By by IN 39142 823 2 many many JJ 39142 823 3 , , , 39142 823 4 indeed indeed RB 39142 823 5 , , , 39142 823 6 Newton Newton NNP 39142 823 7 is be VBZ 39142 823 8 regarded regard VBN 39142 823 9 as as IN 39142 823 10 the the DT 39142 823 11 inventor inventor NN 39142 823 12 of of IN 39142 823 13 the the DT 39142 823 14 reflector reflector NN 39142 823 15 . . . 39142 824 1 By by IN 39142 824 2 the the DT 39142 824 3 principles principle NNS 39142 824 4 of of IN 39142 824 5 optics optic NNS 39142 824 6 , , , 39142 824 7 all all PDT 39142 824 8 the the DT 39142 824 9 rays ray NNS 39142 824 10 from from IN 39142 824 11 a a DT 39142 824 12 star star NN 39142 824 13 that that WDT 39142 824 14 strike strike VBP 39142 824 15 a a DT 39142 824 16 concave concave NNP 39142 824 17 mirror mirror NN 39142 824 18 will will MD 39142 824 19 be be VB 39142 824 20 reflected reflect VBN 39142 824 21 to to IN 39142 824 22 the the DT 39142 824 23 geometric geometric JJ 39142 824 24 focal focal JJ 39142 824 25 point point NN 39142 824 26 , , , 39142 824 27 provided provide VBD 39142 824 28 a a DT 39142 824 29 section section NN 39142 824 30 of of IN 39142 824 31 that that DT 39142 824 32 mirror mirror NN 39142 824 33 is be VBZ 39142 824 34 a a DT 39142 824 35 parabola parabola NN 39142 824 36 . . . 39142 825 1 Such such PDT 39142 825 2 a a DT 39142 825 3 mirror mirror NN 39142 825 4 is be VBZ 39142 825 5 called call VBN 39142 825 6 a a DT 39142 825 7 speculum speculum NN 39142 825 8 , , , 39142 825 9 and and CC 39142 825 10 is be VBZ 39142 825 11 an an DT 39142 825 12 alloy alloy NN 39142 825 13 of of IN 39142 825 14 tin tin NN 39142 825 15 , , , 39142 825 16 copper copper NN 39142 825 17 , , , 39142 825 18 and and CC 39142 825 19 bismuth bismuth NNP 39142 825 20 . . . 39142 826 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 826 2 surface surface NN 39142 826 3 takes take VBZ 39142 826 4 a a DT 39142 826 5 very very RB 39142 826 6 high high JJ 39142 826 7 polish polish NN 39142 826 8 , , , 39142 826 9 reflecting reflect VBG 39142 826 10 when when WRB 39142 826 11 newly newly RB 39142 826 12 polished polish VBN 39142 826 13 nearly nearly RB 39142 826 14 90 90 CD 39142 826 15 per per IN 39142 826 16 cent cent NN 39142 826 17 of of IN 39142 826 18 the the DT 39142 826 19 light light NN 39142 826 20 that that WDT 39142 826 21 falls fall VBZ 39142 826 22 upon upon IN 39142 826 23 it -PRON- PRP 39142 826 24 . . . 39142 827 1 But but CC 39142 827 2 the the DT 39142 827 3 focus focus NN 39142 827 4 where where WRB 39142 827 5 the the DT 39142 827 6 eyepiece eyepiece NN 39142 827 7 must must MD 39142 827 8 be be VB 39142 827 9 used use VBN 39142 827 10 is be VBZ 39142 827 11 in in IN 39142 827 12 front front NN 39142 827 13 of of IN 39142 827 14 the the DT 39142 827 15 mirror mirror NN 39142 827 16 , , , 39142 827 17 and and CC 39142 827 18 if if IN 39142 827 19 the the DT 39142 827 20 eye eye NN 39142 827 21 were be VBD 39142 827 22 placed place VBN 39142 827 23 there there RB 39142 827 24 , , , 39142 827 25 the the DT 39142 827 26 observer observer NN 39142 827 27 's 's POS 39142 827 28 head head NN 39142 827 29 would would MD 39142 827 30 intercept intercept VB 39142 827 31 all all DT 39142 827 32 or or CC 39142 827 33 much much JJ 39142 827 34 of of IN 39142 827 35 the the DT 39142 827 36 light light NN 39142 827 37 that that WDT 39142 827 38 would would MD 39142 827 39 otherwise otherwise RB 39142 827 40 reach reach VB 39142 827 41 the the DT 39142 827 42 mirror mirror NN 39142 827 43 . . . 39142 828 1 Gregory Gregory NNP 39142 828 2 , , , 39142 828 3 probably probably RB 39142 828 4 the the DT 39142 828 5 real real JJ 39142 828 6 inventor inventor NN 39142 828 7 of of IN 39142 828 8 the the DT 39142 828 9 reflector reflector NN 39142 828 10 , , , 39142 828 11 was be VBD 39142 828 12 the the DT 39142 828 13 first first JJ 39142 828 14 to to TO 39142 828 15 dodge dodge VB 39142 828 16 this this DT 39142 828 17 difficulty difficulty NN 39142 828 18 by by IN 39142 828 19 perforating perforate VBG 39142 828 20 the the DT 39142 828 21 mirror mirror NN 39142 828 22 at at IN 39142 828 23 the the DT 39142 828 24 center center NN 39142 828 25 and and CC 39142 828 26 applying apply VBG 39142 828 27 the the DT 39142 828 28 eyepiece eyepiece NN 39142 828 29 there there RB 39142 828 30 , , , 39142 828 31 at at IN 39142 828 32 the the DT 39142 828 33 back back NN 39142 828 34 of of IN 39142 828 35 the the DT 39142 828 36 speculum speculum NN 39142 828 37 ; ; : 39142 828 38 but but CC 39142 828 39 it -PRON- PRP 39142 828 40 was be VBD 39142 828 41 necessary necessary JJ 39142 828 42 to to TO 39142 828 43 first first RB 39142 828 44 send send VB 39142 828 45 the the DT 39142 828 46 rays ray NNS 39142 828 47 to to IN 39142 828 48 that that DT 39142 828 49 point point NN 39142 828 50 by by IN 39142 828 51 reflection reflection NN 39142 828 52 from from IN 39142 828 53 a a DT 39142 828 54 second second JJ 39142 828 55 or or CC 39142 828 56 smaller small JJR 39142 828 57 mirror mirror NN 39142 828 58 , , , 39142 828 59 in in IN 39142 828 60 the the DT 39142 828 61 optical optical JJ 39142 828 62 axis axis NN 39142 828 63 of of IN 39142 828 64 the the DT 39142 828 65 speculum speculum NN 39142 828 66 . . . 39142 829 1 This this DT 39142 829 2 reflects reflect VBZ 39142 829 3 the the DT 39142 829 4 rays ray NNS 39142 829 5 backward backward RB 39142 829 6 down down IN 39142 829 7 the the DT 39142 829 8 tube tube NN 39142 829 9 to to IN 39142 829 10 the the DT 39142 829 11 eyepiece eyepiece NN 39142 829 12 , , , 39142 829 13 or or CC 39142 829 14 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 829 15 , , , 39142 829 16 or or CC 39142 829 17 camera camera NN 39142 829 18 . . . 39142 830 1 Another another DT 39142 830 2 English english JJ 39142 830 3 optician optician NN 39142 830 4 , , , 39142 830 5 Cassegrain Cassegrain NNP 39142 830 6 , , , 39142 830 7 improved improve VBN 39142 830 8 on on IN 39142 830 9 this this DT 39142 830 10 design design NN 39142 830 11 somewhat somewhat RB 39142 830 12 by by IN 39142 830 13 placing place VBG 39142 830 14 the the DT 39142 830 15 secondary secondary JJ 39142 830 16 mirror mirror NN 39142 830 17 inside inside IN 39142 830 18 the the DT 39142 830 19 focus focus NN 39142 830 20 of of IN 39142 830 21 the the DT 39142 830 22 speculum speculum NN 39142 830 23 , , , 39142 830 24 or or CC 39142 830 25 nearer nearer RB 39142 830 26 to to IN 39142 830 27 it -PRON- PRP 39142 830 28 , , , 39142 830 29 so so IN 39142 830 30 that that IN 39142 830 31 the the DT 39142 830 32 tube tube NN 39142 830 33 is be VBZ 39142 830 34 shorter short JJR 39142 830 35 . . . 39142 831 1 This this DT 39142 831 2 form form NN 39142 831 3 is be VBZ 39142 831 4 preferable preferable JJ 39142 831 5 for for IN 39142 831 6 many many JJ 39142 831 7 kinds kind NNS 39142 831 8 of of IN 39142 831 9 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 831 10 work work NN 39142 831 11 , , , 39142 831 12 especially especially RB 39142 831 13 photography photography NN 39142 831 14 . . . 39142 832 1 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 832 2 sought seek VBD 39142 832 3 to to TO 39142 832 4 do do VB 39142 832 5 away away RB 39142 832 6 with with IN 39142 832 7 the the DT 39142 832 8 secondary secondary JJ 39142 832 9 reflector reflector NN 39142 832 10 entirely entirely RB 39142 832 11 and and CC 39142 832 12 save save VB 39142 832 13 the the DT 39142 832 14 loss loss NN 39142 832 15 of of IN 39142 832 16 light light NN 39142 832 17 by by IN 39142 832 18 tilting tilt VBG 39142 832 19 the the DT 39142 832 20 speculum speculum NN 39142 832 21 slightly slightly RB 39142 832 22 , , , 39142 832 23 so so IN 39142 832 24 as as IN 39142 832 25 to to TO 39142 832 26 throw throw VB 39142 832 27 the the DT 39142 832 28 image image NN 39142 832 29 at at IN 39142 832 30 one one CD 39142 832 31 side side NN 39142 832 32 of of IN 39142 832 33 the the DT 39142 832 34 tube tube NN 39142 832 35 ; ; : 39142 832 36 but but CC 39142 832 37 this this DT 39142 832 38 modification modification NN 39142 832 39 introduces introduce VBZ 39142 832 40 bad bad JJ 39142 832 41 definition definition NN 39142 832 42 of of IN 39142 832 43 the the DT 39142 832 44 image image NN 39142 832 45 and and CC 39142 832 46 has have VBZ 39142 832 47 never never RB 39142 832 48 been be VBN 39142 832 49 much much RB 39142 832 50 used use VBN 39142 832 51 . . . 39142 833 1 A a DT 39142 833 2 better well JJR 39142 833 3 plan plan NN 39142 833 4 is be VBZ 39142 833 5 that that DT 39142 833 6 of of IN 39142 833 7 Newton Newton NNP 39142 833 8 , , , 39142 833 9 who who WP 39142 833 10 placed place VBD 39142 833 11 a a DT 39142 833 12 small small JJ 39142 833 13 plane plane NN 39142 833 14 speculum speculum NN 39142 833 15 at at IN 39142 833 16 an an DT 39142 833 17 angle angle NN 39142 833 18 of of IN 39142 833 19 45 45 CD 39142 833 20 degrees degree NNS 39142 833 21 in in IN 39142 833 22 the the DT 39142 833 23 optical optical JJ 39142 833 24 axis axis NN 39142 833 25 where where WRB 39142 833 26 the the DT 39142 833 27 secondary secondary JJ 39142 833 28 mirror mirror NN 39142 833 29 of of IN 39142 833 30 the the DT 39142 833 31 Gregory Gregory NNP 39142 833 32 - - HYPH 39142 833 33 Cassegrainian Cassegrainian NNP 39142 833 34 type type NN 39142 833 35 is be VBZ 39142 833 36 placed place VBN 39142 833 37 . . . 39142 834 1 The the DT 39142 834 2 rays ray NNS 39142 834 3 are be VBP 39142 834 4 then then RB 39142 834 5 received receive VBN 39142 834 6 by by IN 39142 834 7 the the DT 39142 834 8 eyepiece eyepiece NN 39142 834 9 at at IN 39142 834 10 the the DT 39142 834 11 side side NN 39142 834 12 of of IN 39142 834 13 the the DT 39142 834 14 upper upper JJ 39142 834 15 end end NN 39142 834 16 of of IN 39142 834 17 the the DT 39142 834 18 tube tube NN 39142 834 19 , , , 39142 834 20 the the DT 39142 834 21 observer observer NN 39142 834 22 looking look VBG 39142 834 23 in in RB 39142 834 24 at at IN 39142 834 25 right right JJ 39142 834 26 angles angle NNS 39142 834 27 to to IN 39142 834 28 the the DT 39142 834 29 axis axi NNS 39142 834 30 . . . 39142 835 1 And and CC 39142 835 2 a a DT 39142 835 3 modern modern JJ 39142 835 4 improvement improvement NN 39142 835 5 first first RB 39142 835 6 used use VBN 39142 835 7 by by IN 39142 835 8 Draper Draper NNP 39142 835 9 is be VBZ 39142 835 10 a a DT 39142 835 11 small small JJ 39142 835 12 rectangular rectangular JJ 39142 835 13 prism prism NN 39142 835 14 in in IN 39142 835 15 place place NN 39142 835 16 of of IN 39142 835 17 the the DT 39142 835 18 little little JJ 39142 835 19 plane plane NN 39142 835 20 speculum speculum NN 39142 835 21 , , , 39142 835 22 effecting effect VBG 39142 835 23 a a DT 39142 835 24 saving saving NN 39142 835 25 of of IN 39142 835 26 five five CD 39142 835 27 to to TO 39142 835 28 ten ten CD 39142 835 29 per per IN 39142 835 30 cent cent NN 39142 835 31 of of IN 39142 835 32 the the DT 39142 835 33 light light NN 39142 835 34 . . . 39142 836 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 836 2 is be VBZ 39142 836 3 not not RB 39142 836 4 easy easy JJ 39142 836 5 to to TO 39142 836 6 say say VB 39142 836 7 which which WDT 39142 836 8 type type NN 39142 836 9 of of IN 39142 836 10 telescope telescope NN 39142 836 11 , , , 39142 836 12 the the DT 39142 836 13 refractor refractor NN 39142 836 14 or or CC 39142 836 15 the the DT 39142 836 16 reflector reflector NN 39142 836 17 , , , 39142 836 18 is be VBZ 39142 836 19 the the DT 39142 836 20 more more RBR 39142 836 21 famous famous JJ 39142 836 22 . . . 39142 837 1 Nor nor CC 39142 837 2 which which WDT 39142 837 3 is be VBZ 39142 837 4 the the DT 39142 837 5 better well JJR 39142 837 6 or or CC 39142 837 7 more more RBR 39142 837 8 useful useful JJ 39142 837 9 , , , 39142 837 10 or or CC 39142 837 11 the the DT 39142 837 12 more more RBR 39142 837 13 likely likely JJ 39142 837 14 to to TO 39142 837 15 lead lead VB 39142 837 16 in in IN 39142 837 17 the the DT 39142 837 18 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 837 19 of of IN 39142 837 20 the the DT 39142 837 21 future future NN 39142 837 22 . . . 39142 838 1 When when WRB 39142 838 2 the the DT 39142 838 3 successors successor NNS 39142 838 4 of of IN 39142 838 5 Dollond Dollond NNP 39142 838 6 had have VBD 39142 838 7 carried carry VBN 39142 838 8 the the DT 39142 838 9 achromatic achromatic JJ 39142 838 10 refractor refractor NN 39142 838 11 to to IN 39142 838 12 the the DT 39142 838 13 limit limit NN 39142 838 14 enforced enforce VBN 39142 838 15 by by IN 39142 838 16 the the DT 39142 838 17 size size NN 39142 838 18 of of IN 39142 838 19 the the DT 39142 838 20 glass glass NN 39142 838 21 disks disk NNS 39142 838 22 they -PRON- PRP 39142 838 23 were be VBD 39142 838 24 able able JJ 39142 838 25 to to TO 39142 838 26 secure secure VB 39142 838 27 , , , 39142 838 28 they -PRON- PRP 39142 838 29 found find VBD 39142 838 30 these these DT 39142 838 31 instruments instrument NNS 39142 838 32 not not RB 39142 838 33 so so RB 39142 838 34 great great JJ 39142 838 35 an an DT 39142 838 36 improvement improvement NN 39142 838 37 after after RB 39142 838 38 all all RB 39142 838 39 . . . 39142 839 1 The the DT 39142 839 2 single single JJ 39142 839 3 - - HYPH 39142 839 4 lens lens NN 39142 839 5 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 839 6 of of IN 39142 839 7 great great JJ 39142 839 8 focal focal JJ 39142 839 9 length length NN 39142 839 10 were be VBD 39142 839 11 nearly nearly RB 39142 839 12 as as RB 39142 839 13 good good JJ 39142 839 14 optically optically RB 39142 839 15 , , , 39142 839 16 though though IN 39142 839 17 much much RB 39142 839 18 more more RBR 39142 839 19 awkward awkward JJ 39142 839 20 to to TO 39142 839 21 handle handle VB 39142 839 22 . . . 39142 840 1 But but CC 39142 840 2 the the DT 39142 840 3 quality quality NN 39142 840 4 of of IN 39142 840 5 the the DT 39142 840 6 glass glass NN 39142 840 7 obtainable obtainable JJ 39142 840 8 in in IN 39142 840 9 that that DT 39142 840 10 day day NN 39142 840 11 appeared appear VBD 39142 840 12 to to TO 39142 840 13 set set VB 39142 840 14 an an DT 39142 840 15 arbitrary arbitrary JJ 39142 840 16 limit limit NN 39142 840 17 to to IN 39142 840 18 that that DT 39142 840 19 great great JJ 39142 840 20 amplification amplification NN 39142 840 21 of of IN 39142 840 22 size size NN 39142 840 23 and and CC 39142 840 24 power power NN 39142 840 25 which which WDT 39142 840 26 progress progress VBP 39142 840 27 in in IN 39142 840 28 observational observational JJ 39142 840 29 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 840 30 demanded demand VBD 39142 840 31 . . . 39142 841 1 Then then RB 39142 841 2 came come VBD 39142 841 3 the the DT 39142 841 4 elder eld JJR 39142 841 5 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 841 6 , , , 39142 841 7 best well RBS 39142 841 8 known know VBN 39142 841 9 and and CC 39142 841 10 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 841 11 the the DT 39142 841 12 greatest great JJS 39142 841 13 of of IN 39142 841 14 all all DT 39142 841 15 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 841 16 . . . 39142 842 1 At at IN 39142 842 2 Bath Bath NNP 39142 842 3 , , , 39142 842 4 England England NNP 39142 842 5 , , , 39142 842 6 music music NN 39142 842 7 was be VBD 39142 842 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 842 9 profession profession NN 39142 842 10 , , , 39142 842 11 especially especially RB 39142 842 12 the the DT 39142 842 13 organ organ NN 39142 842 14 . . . 39142 843 1 But but CC 39142 843 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 843 3 was be VBD 39142 843 4 dissatisfied dissatisfied JJ 39142 843 5 with with IN 39142 843 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 843 7 little little JJ 39142 843 8 Gregorian gregorian JJ 39142 843 9 reflector reflector NN 39142 843 10 , , , 39142 843 11 and and CC 39142 843 12 being be VBG 39142 843 13 a a DT 39142 843 14 very very RB 39142 843 15 clever clever JJ 39142 843 16 mechanician mechanician NN 39142 843 17 he -PRON- PRP 39142 843 18 set set VBD 39142 843 19 out out RP 39142 843 20 to to TO 39142 843 21 build build VB 39142 843 22 a a DT 39142 843 23 reflector reflector NN 39142 843 24 for for IN 39142 843 25 himself -PRON- PRP 39142 843 26 . . . 39142 844 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 844 2 is be VBZ 39142 844 3 said say VBN 39142 844 4 that that IN 39142 844 5 he -PRON- PRP 39142 844 6 cast cast VBD 39142 844 7 and and CC 39142 844 8 polished polish VBD 39142 844 9 nearly nearly RB 39142 844 10 200 200 CD 39142 844 11 mirrors mirror NNS 39142 844 12 , , , 39142 844 13 in in IN 39142 844 14 the the DT 39142 844 15 course course NN 39142 844 16 of of IN 39142 844 17 experiments experiment NNS 39142 844 18 on on IN 39142 844 19 the the DT 39142 844 20 most most RBS 39142 844 21 highly highly RB 39142 844 22 reflective reflective JJ 39142 844 23 type type NN 39142 844 24 of of IN 39142 844 25 alloys alloy NNS 39142 844 26 , , , 39142 844 27 and and CC 39142 844 28 the the DT 39142 844 29 sort sort NN 39142 844 30 of of IN 39142 844 31 mechanism mechanism NN 39142 844 32 that that WDT 39142 844 33 would would MD 39142 844 34 enable enable VB 39142 844 35 him -PRON- PRP 39142 844 36 to to TO 39142 844 37 give give VB 39142 844 38 them -PRON- PRP 39142 844 39 the the DT 39142 844 40 highest high JJS 39142 844 41 polish polish NN 39142 844 42 . . . 39142 845 1 In in IN 39142 845 2 all all PDT 39142 845 3 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 845 4 work work NN 39142 845 5 he -PRON- PRP 39142 845 6 was be VBD 39142 845 7 ably ably RB 39142 845 8 and and CC 39142 845 9 enthusiastically enthusiastically RB 39142 845 10 aided aid VBN 39142 845 11 by by IN 39142 845 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 845 13 sister sister NN 39142 845 14 , , , 39142 845 15 Caroline Caroline NNP 39142 845 16 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 845 17 , , , 39142 845 18 most most RBS 39142 845 19 famous famous JJ 39142 845 20 of of IN 39142 845 21 all all DT 39142 845 22 women woman NNS 39142 845 23 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 845 24 . . . 39142 846 1 Upward upward JJ 39142 846 2 in in IN 39142 846 3 size size NN 39142 846 4 of of IN 39142 846 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 846 6 mirrors mirror NNS 39142 846 7 he -PRON- PRP 39142 846 8 advanced advance VBD 39142 846 9 , , , 39142 846 10 till till IN 39142 846 11 he -PRON- PRP 39142 846 12 had have VBD 39142 846 13 a a DT 39142 846 14 speculum speculum NN 39142 846 15 of of IN 39142 846 16 two two CD 39142 846 17 feet foot NNS 39142 846 18 diameter diameter NN 39142 846 19 with with IN 39142 846 20 a a DT 39142 846 21 tube tube NN 39142 846 22 20 20 CD 39142 846 23 feet foot NNS 39142 846 24 long long JJ 39142 846 25 . . . 39142 847 1 Twelve twelve CD 39142 847 2 to to TO 39142 847 3 fifteen fifteen CD 39142 847 4 years year NNS 39142 847 5 had have VBD 39142 847 6 elapsed elapse VBN 39142 847 7 when when WRB 39142 847 8 in in IN 39142 847 9 1781 1781 CD 39142 847 10 , , , 39142 847 11 while while IN 39142 847 12 testing test VBG 39142 847 13 one one CD 39142 847 14 of of IN 39142 847 15 these these DT 39142 847 16 reflectors reflector NNS 39142 847 17 on on IN 39142 847 18 stars star NNS 39142 847 19 in in IN 39142 847 20 the the DT 39142 847 21 constellation constellation NN 39142 847 22 Gemini Gemini NNP 39142 847 23 , , , 39142 847 24 he -PRON- PRP 39142 847 25 made make VBD 39142 847 26 the the DT 39142 847 27 first first JJ 39142 847 28 discovery discovery NN 39142 847 29 of of IN 39142 847 30 a a DT 39142 847 31 planet planet NN 39142 847 32 since since IN 39142 847 33 the the DT 39142 847 34 invention invention NN 39142 847 35 of of IN 39142 847 36 the the DT 39142 847 37 telescope telescope NN 39142 847 38 -- -- : 39142 847 39 the the DT 39142 847 40 great great JJ 39142 847 41 planet planet NN 39142 847 42 now now RB 39142 847 43 known know VBN 39142 847 44 as as IN 39142 847 45 Uranus Uranus NNP 39142 847 46 . . . 39142 848 1 Under under IN 39142 848 2 the the DT 39142 848 3 patronage patronage NN 39142 848 4 of of IN 39142 848 5 King King NNP 39142 848 6 George George NNP 39142 848 7 , , , 39142 848 8 he -PRON- PRP 39142 848 9 advanced advance VBD 39142 848 10 to to IN 39142 848 11 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 848 12 of of IN 39142 848 13 still still RB 39142 848 14 greater great JJR 39142 848 15 size size NN 39142 848 16 , , , 39142 848 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 848 18 largest large JJS 39142 848 19 being be VBG 39142 848 20 no no DT 39142 848 21 less less JJR 39142 848 22 than than IN 39142 848 23 forty forty CD 39142 848 24 feet foot NNS 39142 848 25 in in IN 39142 848 26 length length NN 39142 848 27 , , , 39142 848 28 with with IN 39142 848 29 a a DT 39142 848 30 speculum speculum NN 39142 848 31 of of IN 39142 848 32 four four CD 39142 848 33 feet foot NNS 39142 848 34 in in IN 39142 848 35 diameter diameter NN 39142 848 36 . . . 39142 849 1 Two two CD 39142 849 2 new new JJ 39142 849 3 satellites satellite NNS 39142 849 4 of of IN 39142 849 5 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 849 6 were be VBD 39142 849 7 discovered discover VBN 39142 849 8 with with IN 39142 849 9 this this DT 39142 849 10 giant giant JJ 39142 849 11 reflector reflector NN 39142 849 12 , , , 39142 849 13 which which WDT 39142 849 14 was be VBD 39142 849 15 dismantled dismantle VBN 39142 849 16 by by IN 39142 849 17 Sir Sir NNP 39142 849 18 John John NNP 39142 849 19 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 849 20 with with IN 39142 849 21 appropriate appropriate JJ 39142 849 22 ceremonies ceremony NNS 39142 849 23 , , , 39142 849 24 including include VBG 39142 849 25 the the DT 39142 849 26 singing singing NN 39142 849 27 of of IN 39142 849 28 an an DT 39142 849 29 ode ode NN 39142 849 30 by by IN 39142 849 31 the the DT 39142 849 32 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 849 33 family family NN 39142 849 34 assembled assemble VBD 39142 849 35 inside inside RB 39142 849 36 of of IN 39142 849 37 the the DT 39142 849 38 tube tube NN 39142 849 39 , , , 39142 849 40 on on IN 39142 849 41 New New NNP 39142 849 42 Year Year NNP 39142 849 43 's 's POS 39142 849 44 Eve Eve NNP 39142 849 45 , , , 39142 849 46 1839 1839 CD 39142 849 47 - - SYM 39142 849 48 40 40 CD 39142 849 49 . . . 39142 850 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 850 2 have have VBP 39142 850 3 record record NN 39142 850 4 of of IN 39142 850 5 but but CC 39142 850 6 few few JJ 39142 850 7 attempts attempt NNS 39142 850 8 to to TO 39142 850 9 improve improve VB 39142 850 10 the the DT 39142 850 11 size size NN 39142 850 12 and and CC 39142 850 13 definition definition NN 39142 850 14 of of IN 39142 850 15 great great JJ 39142 850 16 reflectors reflector NNS 39142 850 17 by by IN 39142 850 18 the the DT 39142 850 19 continental continental JJ 39142 850 20 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 850 21 during during IN 39142 850 22 this this DT 39142 850 23 era era NN 39142 850 24 . . . 39142 851 1 In in IN 39142 851 2 England England NNP 39142 851 3 and and CC 39142 851 4 Ireland Ireland NNP 39142 851 5 , , , 39142 851 6 however however RB 39142 851 7 , , , 39142 851 8 great great JJ 39142 851 9 progress progress NN 39142 851 10 was be VBD 39142 851 11 made make VBN 39142 851 12 . . . 39142 852 1 About about RB 39142 852 2 1860 1860 CD 39142 852 3 Lassell Lassell NNP 39142 852 4 built build VBD 39142 852 5 a a DT 39142 852 6 two two CD 39142 852 7 - - HYPH 39142 852 8 foot foot NN 39142 852 9 reflector reflector NN 39142 852 10 , , , 39142 852 11 with with IN 39142 852 12 which which WDT 39142 852 13 he -PRON- PRP 39142 852 14 discovered discover VBD 39142 852 15 two two CD 39142 852 16 new new JJ 39142 852 17 satellites satellite NNS 39142 852 18 of of IN 39142 852 19 Uranus uranus NN 39142 852 20 , , , 39142 852 21 and and CC 39142 852 22 which which WDT 39142 852 23 he -PRON- PRP 39142 852 24 subsequently subsequently RB 39142 852 25 set set VBD 39142 852 26 up up RP 39142 852 27 in in IN 39142 852 28 the the DT 39142 852 29 island island NN 39142 852 30 of of IN 39142 852 31 Malta Malta NNP 39142 852 32 . . . 39142 853 1 Ten ten CD 39142 853 2 years year NNS 39142 853 3 later later RB 39142 853 4 Thomas Thomas NNP 39142 853 5 Grubb Grubb NNP 39142 853 6 and and CC 39142 853 7 Son Son NNP 39142 853 8 of of IN 39142 853 9 Dublin Dublin NNP 39142 853 10 constructed construct VBD 39142 853 11 a a DT 39142 853 12 four four CD 39142 853 13 - - HYPH 39142 853 14 foot foot NN 39142 853 15 reflector reflector NN 39142 853 16 , , , 39142 853 17 now now RB 39142 853 18 at at IN 39142 853 19 the the DT 39142 853 20 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 853 21 in in IN 39142 853 22 Melbourne Melbourne NNP 39142 853 23 , , , 39142 853 24 Australia Australia NNP 39142 853 25 . . . 39142 854 1 Calver calver NN 39142 854 2 in in IN 39142 854 3 conjunction conjunction NN 39142 854 4 with with IN 39142 854 5 Common Common NNP 39142 854 6 of of IN 39142 854 7 Ealing Ealing NNP 39142 854 8 , , , 39142 854 9 London London NNP 39142 854 10 , , , 39142 854 11 about about RB 39142 854 12 1880 1880 CD 39142 854 13 - - SYM 39142 854 14 95 95 CD 39142 854 15 built build VBD 39142 854 16 several several JJ 39142 854 17 large large JJ 39142 854 18 reflectors reflector NNS 39142 854 19 , , , 39142 854 20 the the DT 39142 854 21 largest large JJS 39142 854 22 of of IN 39142 854 23 five five CD 39142 854 24 feet foot NNS 39142 854 25 diameter diameter NN 39142 854 26 , , , 39142 854 27 now now RB 39142 854 28 owned own VBN 39142 854 29 by by IN 39142 854 30 Harvard Harvard NNP 39142 854 31 College College NNP 39142 854 32 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 854 33 ; ; : 39142 854 34 and and CC 39142 854 35 , , , 39142 854 36 rather rather RB 39142 854 37 earlier early RBR 39142 854 38 , , , 39142 854 39 Martin Martin NNP 39142 854 40 of of IN 39142 854 41 Paris Paris NNP 39142 854 42 completed complete VBD 39142 854 43 a a DT 39142 854 44 four four CD 39142 854 45 - - HYPH 39142 854 46 foot foot NN 39142 854 47 reflector reflector NN 39142 854 48 . . . 39142 855 1 The the DT 39142 855 2 mirrors mirror NNS 39142 855 3 of of IN 39142 855 4 these these DT 39142 855 5 latter latter JJ 39142 855 6 instruments instrument NNS 39142 855 7 were be VBD 39142 855 8 not not RB 39142 855 9 made make VBN 39142 855 10 of of IN 39142 855 11 speculum speculum NN 39142 855 12 metal metal NN 39142 855 13 , , , 39142 855 14 but but CC 39142 855 15 of of IN 39142 855 16 solid solid JJ 39142 855 17 glass glass NN 39142 855 18 , , , 39142 855 19 which which WDT 39142 855 20 must must MD 39142 855 21 be be VB 39142 855 22 very very RB 39142 855 23 thick thick JJ 39142 855 24 ( ( -LRB- 39142 855 25 one one CD 39142 855 26 - - HYPH 39142 855 27 seventh seventh JJ 39142 855 28 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 855 29 diameter diameter NN 39142 855 30 ) ) -RRB- 39142 855 31 in in IN 39142 855 32 order order NN 39142 855 33 to to TO 39142 855 34 prevent prevent VB 39142 855 35 flexure flexure NN 39142 855 36 or or CC 39142 855 37 bending bend VBG 39142 855 38 by by IN 39142 855 39 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 855 40 own own JJ 39142 855 41 weight weight NN 39142 855 42 . . . 39142 856 1 So so RB 39142 856 2 sensitive sensitive JJ 39142 856 3 is be VBZ 39142 856 4 the the DT 39142 856 5 optical optical JJ 39142 856 6 surface surface NN 39142 856 7 to to IN 39142 856 8 distortion distortion NN 39142 856 9 that that IN 39142 856 10 unless unless IN 39142 856 11 a a DT 39142 856 12 complicated complicated JJ 39142 856 13 series series NN 39142 856 14 of of IN 39142 856 15 levers lever NNS 39142 856 16 and and CC 39142 856 17 counterpoises counterpoise NNS 39142 856 18 is be VBZ 39142 856 19 supplied supply VBN 39142 856 20 , , , 39142 856 21 to to TO 39142 856 22 support support VB 39142 856 23 the the DT 39142 856 24 under under JJ 39142 856 25 surface surface NN 39142 856 26 of of IN 39142 856 27 the the DT 39142 856 28 mirror mirror NN 39142 856 29 , , , 39142 856 30 the the DT 39142 856 31 perfection perfection NN 39142 856 32 of of IN 39142 856 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 856 34 optical optical JJ 39142 856 35 figure figure NN 39142 856 36 disappears disappear VBZ 39142 856 37 when when WRB 39142 856 38 the the DT 39142 856 39 telescope telescope NN 39142 856 40 is be VBZ 39142 856 41 directed direct VBN 39142 856 42 to to IN 39142 856 43 objects object NNS 39142 856 44 at at IN 39142 856 45 different different JJ 39142 856 46 altitudes altitude NNS 39142 856 47 in in IN 39142 856 48 the the DT 39142 856 49 sky sky NN 39142 856 50 . . . 39142 857 1 The the DT 39142 857 2 upper upper JJ 39142 857 3 or or CC 39142 857 4 outer outer JJ 39142 857 5 surface surface NN 39142 857 6 of of IN 39142 857 7 the the DT 39142 857 8 glass glass NN 39142 857 9 is be VBZ 39142 857 10 the the DT 39142 857 11 one one CD 39142 857 12 which which WDT 39142 857 13 receives receive VBZ 39142 857 14 the the DT 39142 857 15 optical optical JJ 39142 857 16 polish polish NN 39142 857 17 on on IN 39142 857 18 a a DT 39142 857 19 heavy heavy JJ 39142 857 20 coat coat NN 39142 857 21 of of IN 39142 857 22 silver silver NN 39142 857 23 chemically chemically RB 39142 857 24 deposited deposit VBN 39142 857 25 on on IN 39142 857 26 the the DT 39142 857 27 polished polished JJ 39142 857 28 glass glass NN 39142 857 29 after after IN 39142 857 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 857 31 figure figure NN 39142 857 32 has have VBZ 39142 857 33 been be VBN 39142 857 34 tested test VBN 39142 857 35 and and CC 39142 857 36 found find VBN 39142 857 37 satisfactory satisfactory JJ 39142 857 38 . . . 39142 858 1 But but CC 39142 858 2 far far RB 39142 858 3 and and CC 39142 858 4 away away RB 39142 858 5 the the DT 39142 858 6 most most RBS 39142 858 7 famous famous JJ 39142 858 8 reflecting reflect VBG 39142 858 9 telescope telescope NN 39142 858 10 of of IN 39142 858 11 all all DT 39142 858 12 is be VBZ 39142 858 13 the the DT 39142 858 14 " " `` 39142 858 15 Leviathan Leviathan NNP 39142 858 16 " " '' 39142 858 17 of of IN 39142 858 18 Lord Lord NNP 39142 858 19 Rosse Rosse NNP 39142 858 20 , , , 39142 858 21 built build VBN 39142 858 22 at at IN 39142 858 23 Birr Birr NNP 39142 858 24 Castle Castle NNP 39142 858 25 , , , 39142 858 26 Parsonstown Parsonstown NNP 39142 858 27 , , , 39142 858 28 Ireland Ireland NNP 39142 858 29 , , , 39142 858 30 about about IN 39142 858 31 the the DT 39142 858 32 middle middle NN 39142 858 33 of of IN 39142 858 34 the the DT 39142 858 35 last last JJ 39142 858 36 century century NN 39142 858 37 . . . 39142 859 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 859 2 Lordship lordship NN 39142 859 3 made make VBD 39142 859 4 many many JJ 39142 859 5 ingenious ingenious JJ 39142 859 6 improvements improvement NNS 39142 859 7 in in IN 39142 859 8 grinding grind VBG 39142 859 9 the the DT 39142 859 10 mirror mirror NN 39142 859 11 , , , 39142 859 12 which which WDT 39142 859 13 was be VBD 39142 859 14 of of IN 39142 859 15 speculum speculum NN 39142 859 16 metal metal NN 39142 859 17 , , , 39142 859 18 six six CD 39142 859 19 feet foot NNS 39142 859 20 in in IN 39142 859 21 diameter diameter NN 39142 859 22 and and CC 39142 859 23 weighed weigh VBD 39142 859 24 seven seven CD 39142 859 25 tons ton NNS 39142 859 26 . . . 39142 860 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 860 2 was be VBD 39142 860 3 ground grind VBN 39142 860 4 to to IN 39142 860 5 a a DT 39142 860 6 focal focal JJ 39142 860 7 length length NN 39142 860 8 of of IN 39142 860 9 fifty fifty CD 39142 860 10 - - HYPH 39142 860 11 four four CD 39142 860 12 feet foot NNS 39142 860 13 and and CC 39142 860 14 mounted mount VBN 39142 860 15 between between IN 39142 860 16 heavy heavy JJ 39142 860 17 walls wall NNS 39142 860 18 of of IN 39142 860 19 masonry masonry NN 39142 860 20 , , , 39142 860 21 so so IN 39142 860 22 that that IN 39142 860 23 the the DT 39142 860 24 motion motion NN 39142 860 25 of of IN 39142 860 26 the the DT 39142 860 27 great great JJ 39142 860 28 tube tube NN 39142 860 29 was be VBD 39142 860 30 restricted restrict VBN 39142 860 31 to to IN 39142 860 32 a a DT 39142 860 33 few few JJ 39142 860 34 degrees degree NNS 39142 860 35 on on IN 39142 860 36 both both DT 39142 860 37 sides side NNS 39142 860 38 of of IN 39142 860 39 the the DT 39142 860 40 meridian meridian NN 39142 860 41 . . . 39142 861 1 The the DT 39142 861 2 huge huge JJ 39142 861 3 mechanism mechanism NN 39142 861 4 was be VBD 39142 861 5 very very RB 39142 861 6 cumbersome cumbersome JJ 39142 861 7 in in IN 39142 861 8 operation operation NN 39142 861 9 , , , 39142 861 10 and and CC 39142 861 11 photography photography NN 39142 861 12 was be VBD 39142 861 13 not not RB 39142 861 14 available available JJ 39142 861 15 in in IN 39142 861 16 those those DT 39142 861 17 days day NNS 39142 861 18 ; ; : 39142 861 19 nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 861 20 Lord Lord NNP 39142 861 21 Rosse Rosse NNP 39142 861 22 's 's POS 39142 861 23 telescope telescope NN 39142 861 24 made make VBD 39142 861 25 the the DT 39142 861 26 epochal epochal NN 39142 861 27 discovery discovery NN 39142 861 28 of of IN 39142 861 29 the the DT 39142 861 30 spiral spiral JJ 39142 861 31 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 861 32 , , , 39142 861 33 which which WDT 39142 861 34 no no DT 39142 861 35 other other JJ 39142 861 36 telescope telescope NN 39142 861 37 of of IN 39142 861 38 that that DT 39142 861 39 day day NN 39142 861 40 could could MD 39142 861 41 have have VB 39142 861 42 done do VBN 39142 861 43 . . . 39142 862 1 In in IN 39142 862 2 America America NNP 39142 862 3 the the DT 39142 862 4 reflector reflector NN 39142 862 5 has have VBZ 39142 862 6 always always RB 39142 862 7 kept keep VBN 39142 862 8 at at IN 39142 862 9 least least JJS 39142 862 10 even even RB 39142 862 11 pace pace VB 39142 862 12 with with IN 39142 862 13 the the DT 39142 862 14 refractor refractor NN 39142 862 15 . . . 39142 863 1 As as RB 39142 863 2 early early RB 39142 863 3 as as IN 39142 863 4 1830 1830 CD 39142 863 5 , , , 39142 863 6 Mason Mason NNP 39142 863 7 and and CC 39142 863 8 Smith Smith NNP 39142 863 9 , , , 39142 863 10 two two CD 39142 863 11 students student NNS 39142 863 12 at at IN 39142 863 13 Yale Yale NNP 39142 863 14 College College NNP 39142 863 15 , , , 39142 863 16 enthused enthuse VBN 39142 863 17 by by IN 39142 863 18 Denison Denison NNP 39142 863 19 Olmsted Olmsted NNP 39142 863 20 , , , 39142 863 21 built build VBD 39142 863 22 a a DT 39142 863 23 12-inch 12-inch CD 39142 863 24 speculum speculum NN 39142 863 25 with with IN 39142 863 26 which which WDT 39142 863 27 they -PRON- PRP 39142 863 28 made make VBD 39142 863 29 unsurpassed unsurpassed JJ 39142 863 30 observations observation NNS 39142 863 31 of of IN 39142 863 32 the the DT 39142 863 33 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 863 34 . . . 39142 864 1 Dr. Dr. NNP 39142 864 2 Henry Henry NNP 39142 864 3 Draper Draper NNP 39142 864 4 , , , 39142 864 5 returning return VBG 39142 864 6 from from IN 39142 864 7 a a DT 39142 864 8 visit visit NN 39142 864 9 to to IN 39142 864 10 Lord Lord NNP 39142 864 11 Rosse Rosse NNP 39142 864 12 , , , 39142 864 13 began begin VBD 39142 864 14 about about IN 39142 864 15 1865 1865 CD 39142 864 16 the the DT 39142 864 17 construction construction NN 39142 864 18 of of IN 39142 864 19 two two CD 39142 864 20 silver silver NN 39142 864 21 - - HYPH 39142 864 22 on on IN 39142 864 23 - - HYPH 39142 864 24 glass glass NN 39142 864 25 reflectors reflector NNS 39142 864 26 , , , 39142 864 27 one one CD 39142 864 28 of of IN 39142 864 29 15 15 CD 39142 864 30 inches inch NNS 39142 864 31 diameter diameter NNP 39142 864 32 , , , 39142 864 33 the the DT 39142 864 34 other other JJ 39142 864 35 of of IN 39142 864 36 28 28 CD 39142 864 37 inches inch NNS 39142 864 38 , , , 39142 864 39 with with IN 39142 864 40 which which WDT 39142 864 41 he -PRON- PRP 39142 864 42 did do VBD 39142 864 43 important important JJ 39142 864 44 work work NN 39142 864 45 for for IN 39142 864 46 many many JJ 39142 864 47 years year NNS 39142 864 48 in in IN 39142 864 49 photography photography NN 39142 864 50 and and CC 39142 864 51 spectroscopy spectroscopy NN 39142 864 52 , , , 39142 864 53 and and CC 39142 864 54 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 864 55 mirrors mirror NNS 39142 864 56 are be VBP 39142 864 57 now now RB 39142 864 58 the the DT 39142 864 59 property property NN 39142 864 60 of of IN 39142 864 61 Harvard Harvard NNP 39142 864 62 College College NNP 39142 864 63 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 864 64 . . . 39142 865 1 Alvan Alvan NNP 39142 865 2 Clark Clark NNP 39142 865 3 and and CC 39142 865 4 Sons Sons NNPS 39142 865 5 have have VBP 39142 865 6 in in IN 39142 865 7 later later JJ 39142 865 8 years year NNS 39142 865 9 built build VBD 39142 865 10 a a DT 39142 865 11 40-inch 40-inch CD 39142 865 12 mirror mirror NN 39142 865 13 for for IN 39142 865 14 the the DT 39142 865 15 Lowell Lowell NNP 39142 865 16 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 865 17 in in IN 39142 865 18 Arizona Arizona NNP 39142 865 19 , , , 39142 865 20 and and CC 39142 865 21 very very RB 39142 865 22 recently recently RB 39142 865 23 a a DT 39142 865 24 6-foot 6-foot CD 39142 865 25 silver silver NN 39142 865 26 - - HYPH 39142 865 27 on on IN 39142 865 28 - - HYPH 39142 865 29 glass glass NN 39142 865 30 mirror mirror NN 39142 865 31 has have VBZ 39142 865 32 been be VBN 39142 865 33 set set VBN 39142 865 34 up up RP 39142 865 35 in in IN 39142 865 36 the the DT 39142 865 37 Dominion dominion NN 39142 865 38 of of IN 39142 865 39 Canada Canada NNP 39142 865 40 Astrophysical Astrophysical NNP 39142 865 41 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 865 42 at at IN 39142 865 43 Victoria Victoria NNP 39142 865 44 , , , 39142 865 45 British British NNP 39142 865 46 Columbia Columbia NNP 39142 865 47 , , , 39142 865 48 where where WRB 39142 865 49 it -PRON- PRP 39142 865 50 is be VBZ 39142 865 51 doing do VBG 39142 865 52 excellent excellent JJ 39142 865 53 work work NN 39142 865 54 in in IN 39142 865 55 the the DT 39142 865 56 hands hand NNS 39142 865 57 of of IN 39142 865 58 Plaskett Plaskett NNP 39142 865 59 , , , 39142 865 60 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 865 61 designer designer NN 39142 865 62 . . . 39142 866 1 The the DT 39142 866 2 huge huge JJ 39142 866 3 glass glass NN 39142 866 4 disk disk NN 39142 866 5 for for IN 39142 866 6 the the DT 39142 866 7 reflector reflector NN 39142 866 8 weighs weigh VBZ 39142 866 9 two two CD 39142 866 10 tons ton NNS 39142 866 11 , , , 39142 866 12 and and CC 39142 866 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 866 14 must must MD 39142 866 15 be be VB 39142 866 16 cast cast VBN 39142 866 17 so so IN 39142 866 18 that that IN 39142 866 19 there there EX 39142 866 20 are be VBP 39142 866 21 no no DT 39142 866 22 internal internal JJ 39142 866 23 strains strain NNS 39142 866 24 ; ; : 39142 866 25 otherwise otherwise RB 39142 866 26 it -PRON- PRP 39142 866 27 is be VBZ 39142 866 28 liable liable JJ 39142 866 29 to to TO 39142 866 30 burst burst VB 39142 866 31 in in IN 39142 866 32 fragments fragment NNS 39142 866 33 in in IN 39142 866 34 the the DT 39142 866 35 process process NN 39142 866 36 of of IN 39142 866 37 grinding grind VBG 39142 866 38 . . . 39142 867 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 867 2 should should MD 39142 867 3 be be VB 39142 867 4 free free JJ 39142 867 5 from from IN 39142 867 6 air air NN 39142 867 7 - - HYPH 39142 867 8 bubbles bubble NNS 39142 867 9 , , , 39142 867 10 too too RB 39142 867 11 ; ; : 39142 867 12 so so CC 39142 867 13 the the DT 39142 867 14 glass glass NN 39142 867 15 is be VBZ 39142 867 16 cast cast VBN 39142 867 17 in in IN 39142 867 18 one one CD 39142 867 19 melting melt VBG 39142 867 20 , , , 39142 867 21 if if IN 39142 867 22 possible possible JJ 39142 867 23 . . . 39142 868 1 This this DT 39142 868 2 disk disk NN 39142 868 3 was be VBD 39142 868 4 made make VBN 39142 868 5 by by IN 39142 868 6 the the DT 39142 868 7 St. St. NNP 39142 868 8 Gobain Gobain NNP 39142 868 9 Plate Plate NNP 39142 868 10 Glass Glass NNP 39142 868 11 Company Company NNP 39142 868 12 , , , 39142 868 13 whose whose WP$ 39142 868 14 works work NNS 39142 868 15 have have VBP 39142 868 16 been be VBN 39142 868 17 ruthlessly ruthlessly RB 39142 868 18 destroyed destroy VBN 39142 868 19 by by IN 39142 868 20 the the DT 39142 868 21 enemy enemy NN 39142 868 22 during during IN 39142 868 23 the the DT 39142 868 24 war war NN 39142 868 25 ; ; : 39142 868 26 but but CC 39142 868 27 fortunately fortunately RB 39142 868 28 the the DT 39142 868 29 great great JJ 39142 868 30 disk disk NN 39142 868 31 had have VBD 39142 868 32 been be VBN 39142 868 33 shipped ship VBN 39142 868 34 from from IN 39142 868 35 Antwerp Antwerp NNP 39142 868 36 only only RB 39142 868 37 a a DT 39142 868 38 week week NN 39142 868 39 before before IN 39142 868 40 declaration declaration NN 39142 868 41 of of IN 39142 868 42 hostilities hostility NNS 39142 868 43 . . . 39142 869 1 Brashear Brashear NNP 39142 869 2 of of IN 39142 869 3 Allegheny Allegheny NNP 39142 869 4 was be VBD 39142 869 5 intrusted intrust VBN 39142 869 6 with with IN 39142 869 7 the the DT 39142 869 8 optical optical JJ 39142 869 9 parts part NNS 39142 869 10 , , , 39142 869 11 which which WDT 39142 869 12 occupied occupy VBD 39142 869 13 many many JJ 39142 869 14 months month NNS 39142 869 15 of of IN 39142 869 16 critical critical JJ 39142 869 17 work work NN 39142 869 18 . . . 39142 870 1 The the DT 39142 870 2 finished finished JJ 39142 870 3 mirror mirror NN 39142 870 4 is be VBZ 39142 870 5 73 73 CD 39142 870 6 inches inch NNS 39142 870 7 in in IN 39142 870 8 diameter diameter NN 39142 870 9 , , , 39142 870 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 870 11 focal focal JJ 39142 870 12 length length NN 39142 870 13 is be VBZ 39142 870 14 30 30 CD 39142 870 15 feet foot NNS 39142 870 16 , , , 39142 870 17 and and CC 39142 870 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 870 19 thickness thickness NN 39142 870 20 12 12 CD 39142 870 21 inches inch NNS 39142 870 22 . . . 39142 871 1 A a DT 39142 871 2 central central JJ 39142 871 3 hole hole NN 39142 871 4 10 10 CD 39142 871 5 inches inch NNS 39142 871 6 in in IN 39142 871 7 diameter diameter NN 39142 871 8 makes make VBZ 39142 871 9 possible possible JJ 39142 871 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 871 11 use use NN 39142 871 12 as as IN 39142 871 13 a a DT 39142 871 14 Gregorian gregorian JJ 39142 871 15 or or CC 39142 871 16 Cassegrainian cassegrainian JJ 39142 871 17 type type NN 39142 871 18 , , , 39142 871 19 as as RB 39142 871 20 well well RB 39142 871 21 as as IN 39142 871 22 Newtonian Newtonian NNP 39142 871 23 . . . 39142 872 1 The the DT 39142 872 2 mechanical mechanical JJ 39142 872 3 parts part NNS 39142 872 4 of of IN 39142 872 5 this this DT 39142 872 6 great great JJ 39142 872 7 telescope telescope NN 39142 872 8 are be VBP 39142 872 9 by by IN 39142 872 10 Warner Warner NNP 39142 872 11 and and CC 39142 872 12 Swasey Swasey NNP 39142 872 13 of of IN 39142 872 14 Cleveland Cleveland NNP 39142 872 15 , , , 39142 872 16 after after IN 39142 872 17 the the DT 39142 872 18 well well RB 39142 872 19 - - HYPH 39142 872 20 known know VBN 39142 872 21 equatorial equatorial JJ 39142 872 22 mounting mounting NN 39142 872 23 of of IN 39142 872 24 the the DT 39142 872 25 Melbourne Melbourne NNP 39142 872 26 reflector reflector NN 39142 872 27 by by IN 39142 872 28 Grubb Grubb NNP 39142 872 29 of of IN 39142 872 30 Dublin Dublin NNP 39142 872 31 . . . 39142 873 1 Friction friction NN 39142 873 2 of of IN 39142 873 3 the the DT 39142 873 4 polar polar NN 39142 873 5 and and CC 39142 873 6 declination declination NN 39142 873 7 axes axis NNS 39142 873 8 is be VBZ 39142 873 9 reduced reduce VBN 39142 873 10 by by IN 39142 873 11 ball ball NN 39142 873 12 bearings bearing NNS 39142 873 13 . . . 39142 874 1 The the DT 39142 874 2 66-foot 66-foot CD 39142 874 3 dome dome NN 39142 874 4 has have VBZ 39142 874 5 an an DT 39142 874 6 opening opening JJ 39142 874 7 15 15 CD 39142 874 8 feet foot NNS 39142 874 9 wide wide JJ 39142 874 10 and and CC 39142 874 11 extending extend VBG 39142 874 12 six six CD 39142 874 13 feet foot NNS 39142 874 14 beyond beyond IN 39142 874 15 the the DT 39142 874 16 zenith zenith NN 39142 874 17 . . . 39142 875 1 All all DT 39142 875 2 motions motion NNS 39142 875 3 of of IN 39142 875 4 the the DT 39142 875 5 telescope telescope NN 39142 875 6 , , , 39142 875 7 dome dome NN 39142 875 8 shutters shutter NNS 39142 875 9 , , , 39142 875 10 and and CC 39142 875 11 observing observing NN 39142 875 12 platform platform NN 39142 875 13 are be VBP 39142 875 14 under under IN 39142 875 15 complete complete JJ 39142 875 16 control control NN 39142 875 17 by by IN 39142 875 18 electric electric JJ 39142 875 19 motors motor NNS 39142 875 20 . . . 39142 876 1 Spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 876 2 binaries binary NNS 39142 876 3 form form VBP 39142 876 4 one one CD 39142 876 5 of of IN 39142 876 6 the the DT 39142 876 7 special special JJ 39142 876 8 fields field NNS 39142 876 9 of of IN 39142 876 10 research research NN 39142 876 11 with with IN 39142 876 12 this this DT 39142 876 13 powerful powerful JJ 39142 876 14 instrument instrument NN 39142 876 15 , , , 39142 876 16 and and CC 39142 876 17 many many JJ 39142 876 18 new new JJ 39142 876 19 binaries binary NNS 39142 876 20 have have VBP 39142 876 21 already already RB 39142 876 22 been be VBN 39142 876 23 detected detect VBN 39142 876 24 . . . 39142 877 1 The the DT 39142 877 2 great great JJ 39142 877 3 reflectors reflector NNS 39142 877 4 designed design VBN 39142 877 5 and and CC 39142 877 6 constructed construct VBN 39142 877 7 by by IN 39142 877 8 Ritchey Ritchey NNP 39142 877 9 , , , 39142 877 10 formerly formerly RB 39142 877 11 of of IN 39142 877 12 Chicago Chicago NNP 39142 877 13 and and CC 39142 877 14 now now RB 39142 877 15 of of IN 39142 877 16 Pasadena Pasadena NNP 39142 877 17 , , , 39142 877 18 deserve deserve VBP 39142 877 19 especial especial JJ 39142 877 20 mention mention NN 39142 877 21 . . . 39142 878 1 While while IN 39142 878 2 connected connect VBN 39142 878 3 with with IN 39142 878 4 the the DT 39142 878 5 Yerkes Yerkes NNP 39142 878 6 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 878 7 he -PRON- PRP 39142 878 8 constructed construct VBD 39142 878 9 a a DT 39142 878 10 two two CD 39142 878 11 - - HYPH 39142 878 12 foot foot NN 39142 878 13 reflector reflector NN 39142 878 14 for for IN 39142 878 15 that that DT 39142 878 16 institution institution NN 39142 878 17 , , , 39142 878 18 with with IN 39142 878 19 which which WDT 39142 878 20 he -PRON- PRP 39142 878 21 had have VBD 39142 878 22 exceptional exceptional JJ 39142 878 23 success success NN 39142 878 24 in in IN 39142 878 25 photography photography NN 39142 878 26 of of IN 39142 878 27 the the DT 39142 878 28 stars star NNS 39142 878 29 and and CC 39142 878 30 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 878 31 . . . 39142 879 1 Later later RBR 39142 879 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 879 3 built build VBD 39142 879 4 a a DT 39142 879 5 5-foot 5-foot CD 39142 879 6 reflector reflector NN 39142 879 7 , , , 39142 879 8 now now RB 39142 879 9 at at IN 39142 879 10 the the DT 39142 879 11 Carnegie Carnegie NNP 39142 879 12 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 879 13 on on IN 39142 879 14 Mount Mount NNP 39142 879 15 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 879 16 , , , 39142 879 17 California California NNP 39142 879 18 , , , 39142 879 19 with with IN 39142 879 20 which which WDT 39142 879 21 the the DT 39142 879 22 spiral spiral JJ 39142 879 23 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 879 24 and and CC 39142 879 25 many many JJ 39142 879 26 other other JJ 39142 879 27 celestial celestial JJ 39142 879 28 objects object NNS 39142 879 29 have have VBP 39142 879 30 been be VBN 39142 879 31 especially especially RB 39142 879 32 well well RB 39142 879 33 photographed photograph VBN 39142 879 34 . . . 39142 880 1 Ritchey Ritchey NNP 39142 880 2 's 's POS 39142 880 3 later later JJ 39142 880 4 years year NNS 39142 880 5 have have VBP 39142 880 6 been be VBN 39142 880 7 spent spend VBN 39142 880 8 on on IN 39142 880 9 the the DT 39142 880 10 construction construction NN 39142 880 11 of of IN 39142 880 12 an an DT 39142 880 13 even even RB 39142 880 14 greater great JJR 39142 880 15 mirror mirror NN 39142 880 16 , , , 39142 880 17 no no DT 39142 880 18 less less JJR 39142 880 19 than than IN 39142 880 20 100 100 CD 39142 880 21 inches inch NNS 39142 880 22 in in IN 39142 880 23 diameter diameter NN 39142 880 24 , , , 39142 880 25 which which WDT 39142 880 26 was be VBD 39142 880 27 completed complete VBN 39142 880 28 in in IN 39142 880 29 1919 1919 CD 39142 880 30 , , , 39142 880 31 and and CC 39142 880 32 has have VBZ 39142 880 33 already already RB 39142 880 34 yielded yield VBN 39142 880 35 photographic photographic JJ 39142 880 36 results result NNS 39142 880 37 dealt deal VBN 39142 880 38 with with IN 39142 880 39 farther farther RB 39142 880 40 on on RB 39142 880 41 , , , 39142 880 42 and and CC 39142 880 43 far far RB 39142 880 44 surpassing surpass VBG 39142 880 45 anything anything NN 39142 880 46 previously previously RB 39142 880 47 obtained obtain VBN 39142 880 48 . . . 39142 881 1 Theoretically theoretically RB 39142 881 2 this this DT 39142 881 3 huge huge JJ 39142 881 4 mirror mirror NN 39142 881 5 , , , 39142 881 6 if if IN 39142 881 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 881 8 surface surface NN 39142 881 9 were be VBD 39142 881 10 perfectly perfectly RB 39142 881 11 reflective reflective JJ 39142 881 12 so so IN 39142 881 13 that that IN 39142 881 14 it -PRON- PRP 39142 881 15 would would MD 39142 881 16 transmit transmit VB 39142 881 17 all all PDT 39142 881 18 the the DT 39142 881 19 rays ray NNS 39142 881 20 falling fall VBG 39142 881 21 upon upon IN 39142 881 22 it -PRON- PRP 39142 881 23 , , , 39142 881 24 would would MD 39142 881 25 gather gather VB 39142 881 26 160,000 160,000 CD 39142 881 27 times time NNS 39142 881 28 as as RB 39142 881 29 much much JJ 39142 881 30 light light NN 39142 881 31 as as IN 39142 881 32 the the DT 39142 881 33 unaided unaided JJ 39142 881 34 eye eye NN 39142 881 35 alone alone RB 39142 881 36 . . . 39142 882 1 Whether whether IN 39142 882 2 a a DT 39142 882 3 72-inch 72-inch CD 39142 882 4 refractor refractor NN 39142 882 5 , , , 39142 882 6 should should MD 39142 882 7 it -PRON- PRP 39142 882 8 ever ever RB 39142 882 9 be be VB 39142 882 10 constructed construct VBN 39142 882 11 , , , 39142 882 12 would would MD 39142 882 13 surpass surpass VB 39142 882 14 the the DT 39142 882 15 100-inch 100-inch CD 39142 882 16 reflector reflector NN 39142 882 17 as as IN 39142 882 18 an an DT 39142 882 19 all all DT 39142 882 20 - - HYPH 39142 882 21 round round JJ 39142 882 22 engine engine NN 39142 882 23 for for IN 39142 882 24 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 882 25 research research NN 39142 882 26 , , , 39142 882 27 is be VBZ 39142 882 28 a a DT 39142 882 29 question question NN 39142 882 30 that that WDT 39142 882 31 can can MD 39142 882 32 only only RB 39142 882 33 be be VB 39142 882 34 fully fully RB 39142 882 35 answered answer VBN 39142 882 36 by by IN 39142 882 37 building build VBG 39142 882 38 it -PRON- PRP 39142 882 39 and and CC 39142 882 40 trying try VBG 39142 882 41 the the DT 39142 882 42 two two CD 39142 882 43 instruments instrument NNS 39142 882 44 alongside alongside RB 39142 882 45 . . . 39142 883 1 Probably probably RB 39142 883 2 three three CD 39142 883 3 - - HYPH 39142 883 4 quarters quarter NNS 39142 883 5 of of IN 39142 883 6 all all PDT 39142 883 7 the the DT 39142 883 8 really really RB 39142 883 9 great great JJ 39142 883 10 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 883 11 work work NN 39142 883 12 in in IN 39142 883 13 the the DT 39142 883 14 past past NN 39142 883 15 has have VBZ 39142 883 16 been be VBN 39142 883 17 done do VBN 39142 883 18 by by IN 39142 883 19 refractors refractor NNS 39142 883 20 . . . 39142 884 1 They -PRON- PRP 39142 884 2 are be VBP 39142 884 3 always always RB 39142 884 4 ready ready JJ 39142 884 5 and and CC 39142 884 6 convenient convenient JJ 39142 884 7 for for IN 39142 884 8 use use NN 39142 884 9 , , , 39142 884 10 and and CC 39142 884 11 the the DT 39142 884 12 optical optical JJ 39142 884 13 surfaces surface NNS 39142 884 14 rarely rarely RB 39142 884 15 require require VBP 39142 884 16 cleaning clean VBG 39142 884 17 and and CC 39142 884 18 readjustment readjustment NN 39142 884 19 . . . 39142 885 1 With with IN 39142 885 2 increase increase NN 39142 885 3 of of IN 39142 885 4 size size NN 39142 885 5 , , , 39142 885 6 however however RB 39142 885 7 , , , 39142 885 8 the the DT 39142 885 9 secondary secondary JJ 39142 885 10 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 885 11 becomes become VBZ 39142 885 12 very very RB 39142 885 13 bothersome bothersome JJ 39142 885 14 in in IN 39142 885 15 the the DT 39142 885 16 great great JJ 39142 885 17 lenses lense NNS 39142 885 18 ; ; : 39142 885 19 and and CC 39142 885 20 the the DT 39142 885 21 larger large JJR 39142 885 22 they -PRON- PRP 39142 885 23 are be VBP 39142 885 24 , , , 39142 885 25 the the DT 39142 885 26 more more JJR 39142 885 27 light light NN 39142 885 28 is be VBZ 39142 885 29 lost lose VBN 39142 885 30 by by IN 39142 885 31 absorption absorption NN 39142 885 32 on on IN 39142 885 33 account account NN 39142 885 34 of of IN 39142 885 35 the the DT 39142 885 36 increasing increase VBG 39142 885 37 thickness thickness NN 39142 885 38 of of IN 39142 885 39 the the DT 39142 885 40 lenses lense NNS 39142 885 41 . . . 39142 886 1 With with IN 39142 886 2 the the DT 39142 886 3 reflector reflector NN 39142 886 4 on on IN 39142 886 5 the the DT 39142 886 6 other other JJ 39142 886 7 hand hand NN 39142 886 8 , , , 39142 886 9 while while IN 39142 886 10 there there EX 39142 886 11 is be VBZ 39142 886 12 clearly clearly RB 39142 886 13 a a DT 39142 886 14 greater great JJR 39142 886 15 range range NN 39142 886 16 of of IN 39142 886 17 size size NN 39142 886 18 , , , 39142 886 19 the the DT 39142 886 20 reflective reflective JJ 39142 886 21 surface surface NN 39142 886 22 retains retain VBZ 39142 886 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 886 24 high high JJ 39142 886 25 polish polish NN 39142 886 26 only only RB 39142 886 27 a a DT 39142 886 28 brief brief JJ 39142 886 29 period period NN 39142 886 30 , , , 39142 886 31 so so IN 39142 886 32 that that IN 39142 886 33 mere mere JJ 39142 886 34 tarnish tarnish NN 39142 886 35 effectively effectively RB 39142 886 36 reduces reduce VBZ 39142 886 37 the the DT 39142 886 38 aperture aperture NN 39142 886 39 ; ; : 39142 886 40 and and CC 39142 886 41 the the DT 39142 886 42 great great JJ 39142 886 43 mirror mirror NN 39142 886 44 is be VBZ 39142 886 45 more more RBR 39142 886 46 or or CC 39142 886 47 less less RBR 39142 886 48 ineffective ineffective JJ 39142 886 49 in in IN 39142 886 50 consequence consequence NN 39142 886 51 of of IN 39142 886 52 flexure flexure NN 39142 886 53 uncompensated uncompensate VBN 39142 886 54 by by IN 39142 886 55 the the DT 39142 886 56 lever lever NN 39142 886 57 system system NN 39142 886 58 that that WDT 39142 886 59 supports support VBZ 39142 886 60 the the DT 39142 886 61 back back NN 39142 886 62 of of IN 39142 886 63 the the DT 39142 886 64 mirror mirror NN 39142 886 65 . . . 39142 887 1 Both both DT 39142 887 2 types type NNS 39142 887 3 of of IN 39142 887 4 telescope telescope NN 39142 887 5 still still RB 39142 887 6 have have VBP 39142 887 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 887 8 enthusiastic enthusiastic JJ 39142 887 9 devotees devotee NNS 39142 887 10 ; ; : 39142 887 11 and and CC 39142 887 12 the the DT 39142 887 13 next next JJ 39142 887 14 great great JJ 39142 887 15 reflector reflector NN 39142 887 16 would would MD 39142 887 17 doubtless doubtless RB 39142 887 18 be be VB 39142 887 19 a a DT 39142 887 20 gratifying gratifying JJ 39142 887 21 success success NN 39142 887 22 , , , 39142 887 23 if if IN 39142 887 24 mounted mount VBN 39142 887 25 in in IN 39142 887 26 some some DT 39142 887 27 elevated elevated JJ 39142 887 28 region region NN 39142 887 29 of of IN 39142 887 30 the the DT 39142 887 31 world world NN 39142 887 32 , , , 39142 887 33 like like IN 39142 887 34 the the DT 39142 887 35 Andes Andes NNP 39142 887 36 of of IN 39142 887 37 northern northern JJ 39142 887 38 Chile Chile NNP 39142 887 39 , , , 39142 887 40 where where WRB 39142 887 41 the the DT 39142 887 42 air air NN 39142 887 43 is be VBZ 39142 887 44 exceptionally exceptionally RB 39142 887 45 steady steady JJ 39142 887 46 and and CC 39142 887 47 the the DT 39142 887 48 sky sky NN 39142 887 49 very very RB 39142 887 50 clear clear JJ 39142 887 51 a a DT 39142 887 52 large large JJ 39142 887 53 part part NN 39142 887 54 of of IN 39142 887 55 the the DT 39142 887 56 year year NN 39142 887 57 . . . 39142 888 1 The the DT 39142 888 2 highest high JJS 39142 888 3 magnifying magnify VBG 39142 888 4 powers power NNS 39142 888 5 suitable suitable JJ 39142 888 6 for for IN 39142 888 7 work work NN 39142 888 8 with with IN 39142 888 9 such such PDT 39142 888 10 a a DT 39142 888 11 telescope telescope NN 39142 888 12 could could MD 39142 888 13 then then RB 39142 888 14 be be VB 39142 888 15 employed employ VBN 39142 888 16 , , , 39142 888 17 and and CC 39142 888 18 new new JJ 39142 888 19 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 888 20 added add VBD 39142 888 21 as as RB 39142 888 22 well well RB 39142 888 23 as as IN 39142 888 24 important important JJ 39142 888 25 work work NN 39142 888 26 done do VBN 39142 888 27 in in IN 39142 888 28 extension extension NN 39142 888 29 of of IN 39142 888 30 lines line NNS 39142 888 31 already already RB 39142 888 32 begun begin VBN 39142 888 33 on on IN 39142 888 34 the the DT 39142 888 35 universe universe NN 39142 888 36 of of IN 39142 888 37 stars star NNS 39142 888 38 . . . 39142 889 1 On on IN 39142 889 2 the the DT 39142 889 3 authority authority NN 39142 889 4 of of IN 39142 889 5 Clark Clark NNP 39142 889 6 , , , 39142 889 7 even even RB 39142 889 8 a a DT 39142 889 9 six six CD 39142 889 10 - - HYPH 39142 889 11 foot foot NN 39142 889 12 objective objective NN 39142 889 13 would would MD 39142 889 14 not not RB 39142 889 15 necessitate necessitate VB 39142 889 16 a a DT 39142 889 17 combined combined JJ 39142 889 18 thickness thickness NN 39142 889 19 of of IN 39142 889 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 889 21 glasses glass NNS 39142 889 22 in in IN 39142 889 23 excess excess NN 39142 889 24 of of IN 39142 889 25 six six CD 39142 889 26 inches inch NNS 39142 889 27 . . . 39142 890 1 Present present JJ 39142 890 2 disks disk NNS 39142 890 3 are be VBP 39142 890 4 vastly vastly RB 39142 890 5 superior superior JJ 39142 890 6 to to IN 39142 890 7 the the DT 39142 890 8 early early JJ 39142 890 9 ones one NNS 39142 890 10 in in IN 39142 890 11 transparency transparency NN 39142 890 12 , , , 39142 890 13 and and CC 39142 890 14 there there EX 39142 890 15 is be VBZ 39142 890 16 reason reason NN 39142 890 17 to to TO 39142 890 18 expect expect VB 39142 890 19 still still RB 39142 890 20 greater great JJR 39142 890 21 improvement improvement NN 39142 890 22 . . . 39142 891 1 The the DT 39142 891 2 engineering engineering NN 39142 891 3 troubles trouble NNS 39142 891 4 incident incident NN 39142 891 5 to to IN 39142 891 6 execution execution NN 39142 891 7 of of IN 39142 891 8 the the DT 39142 891 9 mechanical mechanical JJ 39142 891 10 side side NN 39142 891 11 of of IN 39142 891 12 the the DT 39142 891 13 scheme scheme NN 39142 891 14 need nee MD 39142 891 15 not not RB 39142 891 16 stand stand VB 39142 891 17 in in IN 39142 891 18 the the DT 39142 891 19 way way NN 39142 891 20 ; ; : 39142 891 21 they -PRON- PRP 39142 891 22 never never RB 39142 891 23 have have VBP 39142 891 24 , , , 39142 891 25 indeed indeed RB 39142 891 26 the the DT 39142 891 27 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 891 28 has have VBZ 39142 891 29 but but CC 39142 891 30 just just RB 39142 891 31 begun begin VBN 39142 891 32 to to TO 39142 891 33 invoke invoke VB 39142 891 34 the the DT 39142 891 35 fertile fertile JJ 39142 891 36 resources resource NNS 39142 891 37 of of IN 39142 891 38 the the DT 39142 891 39 modern modern JJ 39142 891 40 engineer engineer NN 39142 891 41 . . . 39142 892 1 Not not RB 39142 892 2 long long RB 39142 892 3 before before IN 39142 892 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 892 5 death death NN 39142 892 6 the the DT 39142 892 7 younger young JJR 39142 892 8 Clark Clark NNP 39142 892 9 who who WP 39142 892 10 had have VBD 39142 892 11 just just RB 39142 892 12 finished finish VBN 39142 892 13 the the DT 39142 892 14 great great JJ 39142 892 15 lenses lense NNS 39142 892 16 of of IN 39142 892 17 the the DT 39142 892 18 40-inch 40-inch CD 39142 892 19 Yerkes Yerkes NNP 39142 892 20 telescope telescope NN 39142 892 21 , , , 39142 892 22 ventured venture VBD 39142 892 23 this this DT 39142 892 24 prevision prevision NN 39142 892 25 , , , 39142 892 26 already already RB 39142 892 27 in in IN 39142 892 28 part part NN 39142 892 29 come come VB 39142 892 30 true true JJ 39142 892 31 : : : 39142 892 32 " " `` 39142 892 33 The the DT 39142 892 34 new new JJ 39142 892 35 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 892 36 , , , 39142 892 37 as as RB 39142 892 38 well well RB 39142 892 39 as as IN 39142 892 40 the the DT 39142 892 41 old old JJ 39142 892 42 , , , 39142 892 43 demands demand VBZ 39142 892 44 more more JJR 39142 892 45 power power NN 39142 892 46 . . . 39142 893 1 Problems problem NNS 39142 893 2 wait wait VBP 39142 893 3 for for IN 39142 893 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 893 5 solution solution NN 39142 893 6 , , , 39142 893 7 and and CC 39142 893 8 theories theory NNS 39142 893 9 to to TO 39142 893 10 be be VB 39142 893 11 substantiated substantiate VBN 39142 893 12 or or CC 39142 893 13 disproved disprove VBN 39142 893 14 . . . 39142 894 1 The the DT 39142 894 2 horizon horizon NN 39142 894 3 of of IN 39142 894 4 science science NN 39142 894 5 has have VBZ 39142 894 6 been be VBN 39142 894 7 greatly greatly RB 39142 894 8 broadened broaden VBN 39142 894 9 within within IN 39142 894 10 the the DT 39142 894 11 last last JJ 39142 894 12 few few JJ 39142 894 13 years year NNS 39142 894 14 , , , 39142 894 15 but but CC 39142 894 16 out out RB 39142 894 17 upon upon IN 39142 894 18 the the DT 39142 894 19 borderland borderland NN 39142 894 20 I -PRON- PRP 39142 894 21 see see VBP 39142 894 22 the the DT 39142 894 23 glimmer glimmer NN 39142 894 24 of of IN 39142 894 25 new new JJ 39142 894 26 lights light NNS 39142 894 27 that that WDT 39142 894 28 await await VBP 39142 894 29 for for IN 39142 894 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 894 31 interpretation interpretation NN 39142 894 32 , , , 39142 894 33 and and CC 39142 894 34 the the DT 39142 894 35 great great JJ 39142 894 36 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 894 37 of of IN 39142 894 38 the the DT 39142 894 39 future future NN 39142 894 40 must must MD 39142 894 41 be be VB 39142 894 42 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 894 43 interpreters interpreter NNS 39142 894 44 . . . 39142 894 45 " " '' 39142 895 1 Practically practically RB 39142 895 2 all all PDT 39142 895 3 the the DT 39142 895 4 great great JJ 39142 895 5 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 895 6 of of IN 39142 895 7 the the DT 39142 895 8 world world NN 39142 895 9 have have VBP 39142 895 10 in in IN 39142 895 11 turn turn NN 39142 895 12 signalized signalize VBD 39142 895 13 the the DT 39142 895 14 new new JJ 39142 895 15 accession accession NN 39142 895 16 of of IN 39142 895 17 power power NN 39142 895 18 by by IN 39142 895 19 some some DT 39142 895 20 significant significant JJ 39142 895 21 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 895 22 discovery discovery NN 39142 895 23 : : : 39142 895 24 to to TO 39142 895 25 specify specify VB 39142 895 26 , , , 39142 895 27 one one CD 39142 895 28 of of IN 39142 895 29 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 895 30 's 's POS 39142 895 31 reflectors reflector NNS 39142 895 32 first first RB 39142 895 33 revealed reveal VBD 39142 895 34 the the DT 39142 895 35 planet planet NN 39142 895 36 Uranus uranus NN 39142 895 37 ; ; : 39142 895 38 Lord Lord NNP 39142 895 39 Rosse Rosse NNP 39142 895 40 's 's POS 39142 895 41 " " `` 39142 895 42 Leviathan Leviathan NNP 39142 895 43 " " '' 39142 895 44 the the DT 39142 895 45 spiral spiral JJ 39142 895 46 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 895 47 ; ; : 39142 895 48 the the DT 39142 895 49 15-inch 15-inch CD 39142 895 50 Cambridge Cambridge NNP 39142 895 51 lens lens NN 39142 895 52 the the DT 39142 895 53 crape crape NN 39142 895 54 , , , 39142 895 55 or or CC 39142 895 56 dusky dusky JJ 39142 895 57 ring ring NN 39142 895 58 of of IN 39142 895 59 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 895 60 ; ; : 39142 895 61 the the DT 39142 895 62 18 18 CD 39142 895 63 - - SYM 39142 895 64 1/2-inch 1/2-inch CD 39142 895 65 Chicago Chicago NNP 39142 895 66 refractor refractor VBP 39142 895 67 the the DT 39142 895 68 companion companion NN 39142 895 69 of of IN 39142 895 70 Sirius Sirius NNP 39142 895 71 ; ; : 39142 895 72 the the DT 39142 895 73 Washington Washington NNP 39142 895 74 26-inch 26-inch CD 39142 895 75 telescope telescope NN 39142 895 76 the the DT 39142 895 77 satellites satellite NNS 39142 895 78 of of IN 39142 895 79 Mars Mars NNP 39142 895 80 ; ; : 39142 895 81 the the DT 39142 895 82 30-inch 30-inch CD 39142 895 83 Pulkowa Pulkowa NNP 39142 895 84 glass glass NN 39142 895 85 the the DT 39142 895 86 nebulosities nebulositie NNS 39142 895 87 of of IN 39142 895 88 the the DT 39142 895 89 Pleiades Pleiades NNPS 39142 895 90 ; ; : 39142 895 91 and and CC 39142 895 92 the the DT 39142 895 93 36-inch 36-inch CD 39142 895 94 Lick Lick NNP 39142 895 95 telescope telescope NN 39142 895 96 brought bring VBN 39142 895 97 to to TO 39142 895 98 light light VB 39142 895 99 a a DT 39142 895 100 fifth fifth JJ 39142 895 101 satellite satellite NN 39142 895 102 of of IN 39142 895 103 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 895 104 . . . 39142 896 1 At at IN 39142 896 2 the the DT 39142 896 3 time time NN 39142 896 4 these these DT 39142 896 5 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 896 6 were be VBD 39142 896 7 made make VBN 39142 896 8 , , , 39142 896 9 each each DT 39142 896 10 of of IN 39142 896 11 these these DT 39142 896 12 great great JJ 39142 896 13 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 896 14 was be VBD 39142 896 15 the the DT 39142 896 16 only only JJ 39142 896 17 instrument instrument NN 39142 896 18 then then RB 39142 896 19 in in IN 39142 896 20 existence existence NN 39142 896 21 with with IN 39142 896 22 power power NN 39142 896 23 enough enough JJ 39142 896 24 to to TO 39142 896 25 have have VB 39142 896 26 made make VBN 39142 896 27 the the DT 39142 896 28 discovery discovery NN 39142 896 29 possible possible JJ 39142 896 30 . . . 39142 897 1 So so RB 39142 897 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 897 3 may may MD 39142 897 4 advance advance VB 39142 897 5 to to IN 39142 897 6 still still RB 39142 897 7 farther farther VB 39142 897 8 accessions accession NNS 39142 897 9 of of IN 39142 897 10 power power NN 39142 897 11 with with IN 39142 897 12 the the DT 39142 897 13 expectation expectation NN 39142 897 14 that that IN 39142 897 15 greater great JJR 39142 897 16 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 897 17 will will MD 39142 897 18 continue continue VB 39142 897 19 to to TO 39142 897 20 gratify gratify VB 39142 897 21 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 897 22 confidence confidence NN 39142 897 23 . . . 39142 898 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 898 2 XX XX NNP 39142 898 3 THE the DT 39142 898 4 STORY STORY NNP 39142 898 5 OF of IN 39142 898 6 THE the DT 39142 898 7 SPECTROSCOPE SPECTROSCOPE NNP 39142 898 8 Sir Sir NNP 39142 898 9 Isaac Isaac NNP 39142 898 10 Newton Newton NNP 39142 898 11 ought ought MD 39142 898 12 really really RB 39142 898 13 to to TO 39142 898 14 have have VB 39142 898 15 been be VBN 39142 898 16 the the DT 39142 898 17 inventor inventor NN 39142 898 18 of of IN 39142 898 19 the the DT 39142 898 20 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 898 21 , , , 39142 898 22 because because IN 39142 898 23 he -PRON- PRP 39142 898 24 began begin VBD 39142 898 25 by by IN 39142 898 26 analyzing analyze VBG 39142 898 27 light light NN 39142 898 28 in in IN 39142 898 29 the the DT 39142 898 30 rough rough JJ 39142 898 31 with with IN 39142 898 32 prisms prism NNS 39142 898 33 , , , 39142 898 34 was be VBD 39142 898 35 very very RB 39142 898 36 expert expert JJ 39142 898 37 in in IN 39142 898 38 optics optic NNS 39142 898 39 , , , 39142 898 40 and and CC 39142 898 41 was be VBD 39142 898 42 certainly certainly RB 39142 898 43 enough enough JJ 39142 898 44 of of IN 39142 898 45 a a DT 39142 898 46 philosopher philosopher NN 39142 898 47 to to TO 39142 898 48 have have VB 39142 898 49 laid lay VBN 39142 898 50 the the DT 39142 898 51 foundations foundation NNS 39142 898 52 of of IN 39142 898 53 the the DT 39142 898 54 science science NN 39142 898 55 . . . 39142 899 1 What what WP 39142 899 2 Newton Newton NNP 39142 899 3 did do VBD 39142 899 4 was be VBD 39142 899 5 to to TO 39142 899 6 admit admit VB 39142 899 7 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 899 8 into into IN 39142 899 9 a a DT 39142 899 10 darkened darken VBN 39142 899 11 room room NN 39142 899 12 through through IN 39142 899 13 a a DT 39142 899 14 small small JJ 39142 899 15 round round NN 39142 899 16 aperture aperture NN 39142 899 17 , , , 39142 899 18 then then RB 39142 899 19 pass pass VB 39142 899 20 the the DT 39142 899 21 rays ray NNS 39142 899 22 through through IN 39142 899 23 a a DT 39142 899 24 glass glass NN 39142 899 25 prism prism NN 39142 899 26 and and CC 39142 899 27 receive receive VBP 39142 899 28 the the DT 39142 899 29 band band NN 39142 899 30 of of IN 39142 899 31 color color NN 39142 899 32 on on IN 39142 899 33 a a DT 39142 899 34 screen screen NN 39142 899 35 . . . 39142 900 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 900 2 noticed notice VBD 39142 900 3 the the DT 39142 900 4 succession succession NN 39142 900 5 of of IN 39142 900 6 colors color NNS 39142 900 7 correctly correctly RB 39142 900 8 -- -- : 39142 900 9 violet violet NN 39142 900 10 , , , 39142 900 11 indigo indigo NNS 39142 900 12 , , , 39142 900 13 blue blue JJ 39142 900 14 , , , 39142 900 15 green green JJ 39142 900 16 , , , 39142 900 17 yellow yellow JJ 39142 900 18 , , , 39142 900 19 orange orange JJ 39142 900 20 , , , 39142 900 21 red red JJ 39142 900 22 ; ; : 39142 900 23 also also RB 39142 900 24 that that IN 39142 900 25 they -PRON- PRP 39142 900 26 were be VBD 39142 900 27 not not RB 39142 900 28 pure pure JJ 39142 900 29 colors color NNS 39142 900 30 , , , 39142 900 31 but but CC 39142 900 32 overlapping overlap VBG 39142 900 33 bands band NNS 39142 900 34 of of IN 39142 900 35 color color NN 39142 900 36 . . . 39142 901 1 Apparently apparently RB 39142 901 2 neither neither CC 39142 901 3 he -PRON- PRP 39142 901 4 nor nor CC 39142 901 5 any any DT 39142 901 6 other other JJ 39142 901 7 experimenter experimenter NN 39142 901 8 for for IN 39142 901 9 more more JJR 39142 901 10 than than IN 39142 901 11 a a DT 39142 901 12 century century NN 39142 901 13 went go VBD 39142 901 14 any any RB 39142 901 15 further further RB 39142 901 16 , , , 39142 901 17 when when WRB 39142 901 18 the the DT 39142 901 19 next next JJ 39142 901 20 essential essential JJ 39142 901 21 step step NN 39142 901 22 was be VBD 39142 901 23 taken take VBN 39142 901 24 by by IN 39142 901 25 Wollaston Wollaston NNP 39142 901 26 about about IN 39142 901 27 1802 1802 CD 39142 901 28 in in IN 39142 901 29 England England NNP 39142 901 30 . . . 39142 902 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 902 2 saw see VBD 39142 902 3 that that IN 39142 902 4 by by IN 39142 902 5 receiving receive VBG 39142 902 6 the the DT 39142 902 7 light light NN 39142 902 8 through through IN 39142 902 9 a a DT 39142 902 10 narrow narrow JJ 39142 902 11 slit slit NN 39142 902 12 instead instead RB 39142 902 13 of of IN 39142 902 14 a a DT 39142 902 15 round round JJ 39142 902 16 hole hole NN 39142 902 17 , , , 39142 902 18 he -PRON- PRP 39142 902 19 got get VBD 39142 902 20 a a DT 39142 902 21 purer purer NN 39142 902 22 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 902 23 , , , 39142 902 24 spectrum spectrum NNP 39142 902 25 being be VBG 39142 902 26 the the DT 39142 902 27 name name NN 39142 902 28 given give VBN 39142 902 29 to to IN 39142 902 30 the the DT 39142 902 31 succession succession NN 39142 902 32 of of IN 39142 902 33 colors color NNS 39142 902 34 into into IN 39142 902 35 which which WDT 39142 902 36 the the DT 39142 902 37 prism prism NN 39142 902 38 splits split VBZ 39142 902 39 up up RP 39142 902 40 or or CC 39142 902 41 decomposes decompose VBZ 39142 902 42 the the DT 39142 902 43 original original JJ 39142 902 44 beam beam NN 39142 902 45 of of IN 39142 902 46 white white JJ 39142 902 47 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 902 48 . . . 39142 903 1 This this DT 39142 903 2 seemingly seemingly RB 39142 903 3 insignificant insignificant JJ 39142 903 4 change change NN 39142 903 5 , , , 39142 903 6 a a DT 39142 903 7 narrow narrow JJ 39142 903 8 slit slit NN 39142 903 9 replacing replace VBG 39142 903 10 the the DT 39142 903 11 round round JJ 39142 903 12 hole hole NN 39142 903 13 , , , 39142 903 14 made make VBD 39142 903 15 Wollaston Wollaston NNP 39142 903 16 and and CC 39142 903 17 not not RB 39142 903 18 Newton Newton NNP 39142 903 19 the the DT 39142 903 20 discoverer discoverer NN 39142 903 21 of of IN 39142 903 22 the the DT 39142 903 23 dark dark JJ 39142 903 24 lines line NNS 39142 903 25 crossing cross VBG 39142 903 26 the the DT 39142 903 27 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 903 28 at at IN 39142 903 29 various various JJ 39142 903 30 irregular irregular JJ 39142 903 31 intervals interval NNS 39142 903 32 , , , 39142 903 33 and and CC 39142 903 34 these these DT 39142 903 35 singularly singularly RB 39142 903 36 neglected neglect VBN 39142 903 37 lines line NNS 39142 903 38 meant mean VBD 39142 903 39 the the DT 39142 903 40 basis basis NN 39142 903 41 of of IN 39142 903 42 a a DT 39142 903 43 new new JJ 39142 903 44 and and CC 39142 903 45 most most RBS 39142 903 46 important important JJ 39142 903 47 science science NN 39142 903 48 . . . 39142 904 1 Even even RB 39142 904 2 Wollaston Wollaston NNP 39142 904 3 , , , 39142 904 4 however however RB 39142 904 5 , , , 39142 904 6 passed pass VBD 39142 904 7 them -PRON- PRP 39142 904 8 by by RB 39142 904 9 , , , 39142 904 10 and and CC 39142 904 11 it -PRON- PRP 39142 904 12 was be VBD 39142 904 13 Fraunhofer Fraunhofer NNP 39142 904 14 who who WP 39142 904 15 in in IN 39142 904 16 1814 1814 CD 39142 904 17 - - SYM 39142 904 18 1815 1815 CD 39142 904 19 first first RB 39142 904 20 made make VBD 39142 904 21 a a DT 39142 904 22 chart chart NN 39142 904 23 of of IN 39142 904 24 them -PRON- PRP 39142 904 25 . . . 39142 905 1 Consequently consequently RB 39142 905 2 they -PRON- PRP 39142 905 3 are be VBP 39142 905 4 known know VBN 39142 905 5 as as IN 39142 905 6 Fraunhofer Fraunhofer NNP 39142 905 7 lines line NNS 39142 905 8 , , , 39142 905 9 or or CC 39142 905 10 dark dark JJ 39142 905 11 absorption absorption NN 39142 905 12 lines line NNS 39142 905 13 . . . 39142 906 1 Sending send VBG 39142 906 2 the the DT 39142 906 3 beam beam NN 39142 906 4 of of IN 39142 906 5 light light NN 39142 906 6 through through IN 39142 906 7 a a DT 39142 906 8 succession succession NN 39142 906 9 of of IN 39142 906 10 prisms prism NNS 39142 906 11 gives give VBZ 39142 906 12 greater great JJR 39142 906 13 dispersion dispersion NN 39142 906 14 and and CC 39142 906 15 increases increase VBZ 39142 906 16 the the DT 39142 906 17 power power NN 39142 906 18 of of IN 39142 906 19 the the DT 39142 906 20 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 906 21 . . . 39142 907 1 The the DT 39142 907 2 greater great JJR 39142 907 3 the the DT 39142 907 4 dispersion dispersion NN 39142 907 5 the the DT 39142 907 6 greater great JJR 39142 907 7 the the DT 39142 907 8 number number NN 39142 907 9 of of IN 39142 907 10 absorption absorption NN 39142 907 11 lines line NNS 39142 907 12 ; ; : 39142 907 13 and and CC 39142 907 14 it -PRON- PRP 39142 907 15 is be VBZ 39142 907 16 the the DT 39142 907 17 number number NN 39142 907 18 and and CC 39142 907 19 intensity intensity NN 39142 907 20 of of IN 39142 907 21 these these DT 39142 907 22 lines line NNS 39142 907 23 , , , 39142 907 24 with with IN 39142 907 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 907 26 accurate accurate JJ 39142 907 27 position position NN 39142 907 28 throughout throughout IN 39142 907 29 the the DT 39142 907 30 range range NN 39142 907 31 of of IN 39142 907 32 the the DT 39142 907 33 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 907 34 which which WDT 39142 907 35 becomes become VBZ 39142 907 36 the the DT 39142 907 37 basis basis NN 39142 907 38 of of IN 39142 907 39 spectrum spectrum NNP 39142 907 40 analysis analysis NN 39142 907 41 . . . 39142 908 1 The the DT 39142 908 2 half half JJ 39142 908 3 century century NN 39142 908 4 that that WDT 39142 908 5 saw see VBD 39142 908 6 the the DT 39142 908 7 invention invention NN 39142 908 8 of of IN 39142 908 9 the the DT 39142 908 10 steam steam NN 39142 908 11 engine engine NN 39142 908 12 , , , 39142 908 13 photography photography NN 39142 908 14 , , , 39142 908 15 the the DT 39142 908 16 railroad railroad NN 39142 908 17 and and CC 39142 908 18 the the DT 39142 908 19 telegraph telegraph NN 39142 908 20 elapsed elapse VBD 39142 908 21 without without IN 39142 908 22 any any DT 39142 908 23 farther farther JJ 39142 908 24 developments development NNS 39142 908 25 than than IN 39142 908 26 mere mere JJ 39142 908 27 mapping mapping NN 39142 908 28 of of IN 39142 908 29 the the DT 39142 908 30 fundamental fundamental JJ 39142 908 31 lines line NNS 39142 908 32 , , , 39142 908 33 A a NN 39142 908 34 , , , 39142 908 35 B B NNP 39142 908 36 , , , 39142 908 37 C C NNP 39142 908 38 , , , 39142 908 39 D d NN 39142 908 40 , , , 39142 908 41 E e NN 39142 908 42 , , , 39142 908 43 F F NNP 39142 908 44 , , , 39142 908 45 G G NNP 39142 908 46 , , , 39142 908 47 H h NN 39142 908 48 of of IN 39142 908 49 the the DT 39142 908 50 solar solar JJ 39142 908 51 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 908 52 . . . 39142 909 1 The the DT 39142 909 2 moon moon NN 39142 909 3 , , , 39142 909 4 too too RB 39142 909 5 , , , 39142 909 6 was be VBD 39142 909 7 examined examine VBN 39142 909 8 and and CC 39142 909 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 909 10 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 909 11 found find VBD 39142 909 12 the the DT 39142 909 13 same same JJ 39142 909 14 , , , 39142 909 15 as as IN 39142 909 16 was be VBD 39142 909 17 to to TO 39142 909 18 be be VB 39142 909 19 expected expect VBN 39142 909 20 from from IN 39142 909 21 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 909 22 simply simply RB 39142 909 23 reflected reflect VBN 39142 909 24 . . . 39142 910 1 Sir Sir NNP 39142 910 2 John John NNP 39142 910 3 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 910 4 and and CC 39142 910 5 other other JJ 39142 910 6 experimenters experimenter NNS 39142 910 7 came come VBD 39142 910 8 near near IN 39142 910 9 guessing guess VBG 39142 910 10 the the DT 39142 910 11 significance significance NN 39142 910 12 of of IN 39142 910 13 the the DT 39142 910 14 dark dark JJ 39142 910 15 lines line NNS 39142 910 16 , , , 39142 910 17 but but CC 39142 910 18 the the DT 39142 910 19 problem problem NN 39142 910 20 of of IN 39142 910 21 unraveling unravel VBG 39142 910 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 910 23 mystery mystery NN 39142 910 24 was be VBD 39142 910 25 finally finally RB 39142 910 26 solved solve VBN 39142 910 27 by by IN 39142 910 28 Bunsen Bunsen NNP 39142 910 29 and and CC 39142 910 30 Kirchhoff Kirchhoff NNP 39142 910 31 who who WP 39142 910 32 ascertained ascertain VBD 39142 910 33 that that IN 39142 910 34 an an DT 39142 910 35 incandescent incandescent JJ 39142 910 36 gas gas NN 39142 910 37 emits emit NNS 39142 910 38 rays ray NNS 39142 910 39 of of IN 39142 910 40 exactly exactly RB 39142 910 41 the the DT 39142 910 42 same same JJ 39142 910 43 degree degree NN 39142 910 44 of of IN 39142 910 45 refrangibility refrangibility NN 39142 910 46 which which WDT 39142 910 47 it -PRON- PRP 39142 910 48 absorbs absorb VBZ 39142 910 49 when when WRB 39142 910 50 white white JJ 39142 910 51 light light NN 39142 910 52 is be VBZ 39142 910 53 passed pass VBN 39142 910 54 through through IN 39142 910 55 it -PRON- PRP 39142 910 56 . . . 39142 911 1 This this DT 39142 911 2 great great JJ 39142 911 3 discovery discovery NN 39142 911 4 was be VBD 39142 911 5 at at IN 39142 911 6 once once RB 39142 911 7 received receive VBN 39142 911 8 as as IN 39142 911 9 the the DT 39142 911 10 secure secure JJ 39142 911 11 basis basis NN 39142 911 12 of of IN 39142 911 13 spectrum spectrum NNP 39142 911 14 analysis analysis NN 39142 911 15 , , , 39142 911 16 and and CC 39142 911 17 Kirchhoff Kirchhoff NNP 39142 911 18 in in IN 39142 911 19 1858 1858 CD 39142 911 20 put put VBN 39142 911 21 in in IN 39142 911 22 compact compact JJ 39142 911 23 and and CC 39142 911 24 comprehensive comprehensive JJ 39142 911 25 form form NN 39142 911 26 the the DT 39142 911 27 three three CD 39142 911 28 following follow VBG 39142 911 29 principles principle NNS 39142 911 30 underlying underlie VBG 39142 911 31 the the DT 39142 911 32 theory theory NN 39142 911 33 of of IN 39142 911 34 the the DT 39142 911 35 science science NN 39142 911 36 : : : 39142 911 37 ( ( -LRB- 39142 911 38 1 1 LS 39142 911 39 ) ) -RRB- 39142 911 40 Solid solid JJ 39142 911 41 and and CC 39142 911 42 liquid liquid JJ 39142 911 43 bodies body NNS 39142 911 44 , , , 39142 911 45 also also RB 39142 911 46 gases gas NNS 39142 911 47 under under IN 39142 911 48 high high JJ 39142 911 49 pressure pressure NN 39142 911 50 , , , 39142 911 51 give give VB 39142 911 52 when when WRB 39142 911 53 incandescent incandescent NN 39142 911 54 a a DT 39142 911 55 continuous continuous JJ 39142 911 56 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 911 57 , , , 39142 911 58 that that RB 39142 911 59 is be VBZ 39142 911 60 one one CD 39142 911 61 with with IN 39142 911 62 a a DT 39142 911 63 mere mere JJ 39142 911 64 succession succession NN 39142 911 65 of of IN 39142 911 66 colors color NNS 39142 911 67 , , , 39142 911 68 and and CC 39142 911 69 neither neither CC 39142 911 70 bright bright JJ 39142 911 71 nor nor CC 39142 911 72 dark dark JJ 39142 911 73 lines line NNS 39142 911 74 ; ; , 39142 911 75 ( ( -LRB- 39142 911 76 2 2 LS 39142 911 77 ) ) -RRB- 39142 911 78 Gases gas NNS 39142 911 79 under under IN 39142 911 80 low low JJ 39142 911 81 pressure pressure NN 39142 911 82 give give VBP 39142 911 83 a a DT 39142 911 84 discontinuous discontinuous JJ 39142 911 85 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 911 86 , , , 39142 911 87 crossed cross VBN 39142 911 88 by by IN 39142 911 89 bright bright JJ 39142 911 90 lines line NNS 39142 911 91 whose whose WP$ 39142 911 92 number number NN 39142 911 93 and and CC 39142 911 94 position position NN 39142 911 95 in in IN 39142 911 96 the the DT 39142 911 97 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 911 98 differ differ NNP 39142 911 99 according accord VBG 39142 911 100 to to IN 39142 911 101 the the DT 39142 911 102 substances substance NNS 39142 911 103 vaporized vaporize VBN 39142 911 104 ; ; : 39142 911 105 ( ( -LRB- 39142 911 106 3 3 LS 39142 911 107 ) ) -RRB- 39142 911 108 When when WRB 39142 911 109 white white JJ 39142 911 110 light light NN 39142 911 111 passes pass VBZ 39142 911 112 through through IN 39142 911 113 a a DT 39142 911 114 gas gas NN 39142 911 115 , , , 39142 911 116 this this DT 39142 911 117 medium medium NN 39142 911 118 absorbs absorb VBZ 39142 911 119 or or CC 39142 911 120 quenches quench VBZ 39142 911 121 rays ray NNS 39142 911 122 of of IN 39142 911 123 identical identical JJ 39142 911 124 wave wave NN 39142 911 125 - - HYPH 39142 911 126 length length NN 39142 911 127 with with IN 39142 911 128 those those DT 39142 911 129 composing compose VBG 39142 911 130 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 911 131 own own JJ 39142 911 132 bright bright JJ 39142 911 133 - - HYPH 39142 911 134 line line NN 39142 911 135 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 911 136 . . . 39142 912 1 Clearly clearly RB 39142 912 2 then then RB 39142 912 3 it -PRON- PRP 39142 912 4 makes make VBZ 39142 912 5 no no DT 39142 912 6 difference difference NN 39142 912 7 where where WRB 39142 912 8 the the DT 39142 912 9 light light NN 39142 912 10 originates originate VBZ 39142 912 11 whether whether IN 39142 912 12 it -PRON- PRP 39142 912 13 comes come VBZ 39142 912 14 from from IN 39142 912 15 sun sun NN 39142 912 16 or or CC 39142 912 17 star star NN 39142 912 18 . . . 39142 913 1 Only only RB 39142 913 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 913 3 must must MD 39142 913 4 be be VB 39142 913 5 bright bright JJ 39142 913 6 enough enough RB 39142 913 7 so so IN 39142 913 8 that that IN 39142 913 9 we -PRON- PRP 39142 913 10 can can MD 39142 913 11 analyze analyze VB 39142 913 12 it -PRON- PRP 39142 913 13 with with IN 39142 913 14 the the DT 39142 913 15 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 913 16 . . . 39142 914 1 But but CC 39142 914 2 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 914 3 analysis analysis NN 39142 914 4 of of IN 39142 914 5 sun sun NN 39142 914 6 and and CC 39142 914 7 star star NNP 39142 914 8 could could MD 39142 914 9 not not RB 39142 914 10 proceed proceed VB 39142 914 11 until until IN 39142 914 12 the the DT 39142 914 13 chemist chemist NN 39142 914 14 had have VBD 39142 914 15 vaporized vaporize VBN 39142 914 16 in in IN 39142 914 17 the the DT 39142 914 18 laboratory laboratory NN 39142 914 19 all all PDT 39142 914 20 the the DT 39142 914 21 elements element NNS 39142 914 22 , , , 39142 914 23 and and CC 39142 914 24 charted chart VBD 39142 914 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 914 26 spectra spectra NN 39142 914 27 with with IN 39142 914 28 accuracy accuracy NN 39142 914 29 . . . 39142 915 1 When when WRB 39142 915 2 this this DT 39142 915 3 had have VBD 39142 915 4 been be VBN 39142 915 5 done do VBN 39142 915 6 , , , 39142 915 7 every every DT 39142 915 8 substance substance NN 39142 915 9 became become VBD 39142 915 10 at at IN 39142 915 11 once once RB 39142 915 12 recognizable recognizable JJ 39142 915 13 by by IN 39142 915 14 the the DT 39142 915 15 number number NN 39142 915 16 and and CC 39142 915 17 position position NN 39142 915 18 of of IN 39142 915 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 915 20 lines line NNS 39142 915 21 , , , 39142 915 22 with with IN 39142 915 23 practical practical JJ 39142 915 24 certainty certainty NN 39142 915 25 . . . 39142 916 1 How how WRB 39142 916 2 then then RB 39142 916 3 can can MD 39142 916 4 we -PRON- PRP 39142 916 5 be be VB 39142 916 6 sure sure JJ 39142 916 7 of of IN 39142 916 8 the the DT 39142 916 9 chemical chemical JJ 39142 916 10 and and CC 39142 916 11 physical physical JJ 39142 916 12 composition composition NN 39142 916 13 of of IN 39142 916 14 sun sun NN 39142 916 15 and and CC 39142 916 16 stars star NNS 39142 916 17 ? ? . 39142 917 1 Only only RB 39142 917 2 by by IN 39142 917 3 detailed detailed JJ 39142 917 4 and and CC 39142 917 5 critical critical JJ 39142 917 6 comparison comparison NN 39142 917 7 of of IN 39142 917 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 917 9 spectra spectra NNP 39142 917 10 with with IN 39142 917 11 the the DT 39142 917 12 laboratory laboratory NN 39142 917 13 spectra spectra NN 39142 917 14 of of IN 39142 917 15 elements element NNS 39142 917 16 which which WDT 39142 917 17 chemical chemical NN 39142 917 18 and and CC 39142 917 19 physical physical JJ 39142 917 20 research research NN 39142 917 21 have have VBP 39142 917 22 supplied supply VBN 39142 917 23 . . . 39142 918 1 As as IN 39142 918 2 in in IN 39142 918 3 the the DT 39142 918 4 sun sun NN 39142 918 5 , , , 39142 918 6 so so RB 39142 918 7 in in IN 39142 918 8 the the DT 39142 918 9 stars star NNS 39142 918 10 , , , 39142 918 11 each each DT 39142 918 12 of of IN 39142 918 13 which which WDT 39142 918 14 is be VBZ 39142 918 15 encircled encircle VBN 39142 918 16 by by IN 39142 918 17 a a DT 39142 918 18 gaseous gaseous JJ 39142 918 19 absorptive absorptive JJ 39142 918 20 layer layer NN 39142 918 21 or or CC 39142 918 22 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 918 23 , , , 39142 918 24 the the DT 39142 918 25 light light JJ 39142 918 26 rays ray NNS 39142 918 27 from from IN 39142 918 28 the the DT 39142 918 29 self self NN 39142 918 30 - - HYPH 39142 918 31 luminous luminous JJ 39142 918 32 inner inner JJ 39142 918 33 sphere sphere NN 39142 918 34 must must MD 39142 918 35 pass pass VB 39142 918 36 through through IN 39142 918 37 this this DT 39142 918 38 reversing reversing NN 39142 918 39 layer layer NN 39142 918 40 , , , 39142 918 41 which which WDT 39142 918 42 absorbs absorb VBZ 39142 918 43 light light NN 39142 918 44 of of IN 39142 918 45 exactly exactly RB 39142 918 46 the the DT 39142 918 47 same same JJ 39142 918 48 wave wave NN 39142 918 49 - - HYPH 39142 918 50 length length NN 39142 918 51 as as IN 39142 918 52 the the DT 39142 918 53 lines line NNS 39142 918 54 that that WDT 39142 918 55 make make VBP 39142 918 56 up up RP 39142 918 57 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 918 58 own own JJ 39142 918 59 bright bright JJ 39142 918 60 line line NN 39142 918 61 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 918 62 . . . 39142 919 1 Whatever whatever WDT 39142 919 2 substances substance NNS 39142 919 3 are be VBP 39142 919 4 here here RB 39142 919 5 found find VBN 39142 919 6 in in IN 39142 919 7 gaseous gaseous JJ 39142 919 8 condition condition NN 39142 919 9 , , , 39142 919 10 the the DT 39142 919 11 same same JJ 39142 919 12 will will MD 39142 919 13 be be VB 39142 919 14 evident evident JJ 39142 919 15 by by IN 39142 919 16 dark dark JJ 39142 919 17 lines line NNS 39142 919 18 in in IN 39142 919 19 the the DT 39142 919 20 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 919 21 of of IN 39142 919 22 sun sun NNP 39142 919 23 or or CC 39142 919 24 star star NNP 39142 919 25 , , , 39142 919 26 and and CC 39142 919 27 the the DT 39142 919 28 position position NN 39142 919 29 of of IN 39142 919 30 these these DT 39142 919 31 dark dark JJ 39142 919 32 lines line NNS 39142 919 33 will will MD 39142 919 34 show show VB 39142 919 35 , , , 39142 919 36 by by IN 39142 919 37 coincidence coincidence NN 39142 919 38 with with IN 39142 919 39 the the DT 39142 919 40 position position NN 39142 919 41 of of IN 39142 919 42 the the DT 39142 919 43 laboratory laboratory NN 39142 919 44 bright bright JJ 39142 919 45 lines line NNS 39142 919 46 , , , 39142 919 47 all all PDT 39142 919 48 the the DT 39142 919 49 substances substance NNS 39142 919 50 that that WDT 39142 919 51 are be VBP 39142 919 52 vaporized vaporize VBN 39142 919 53 in in IN 39142 919 54 the the DT 39142 919 55 atmospheres atmosphere NNS 39142 919 56 of of IN 39142 919 57 the the DT 39142 919 58 self self NN 39142 919 59 - - HYPH 39142 919 60 luminous luminous JJ 39142 919 61 bodies body NNS 39142 919 62 of of IN 39142 919 63 the the DT 39142 919 64 sky sky NN 39142 919 65 . . . 39142 920 1 Here here RB 39142 920 2 then then RB 39142 920 3 originated originate VBD 39142 920 4 the the DT 39142 920 5 science science NN 39142 920 6 of of IN 39142 920 7 the the DT 39142 920 8 new new JJ 39142 920 9 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 920 10 : : : 39142 920 11 the the DT 39142 920 12 old old JJ 39142 920 13 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 920 14 had have VBD 39142 920 15 concerned concern VBN 39142 920 16 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 920 17 mainly mainly RB 39142 920 18 with with IN 39142 920 19 positions position NNS 39142 920 20 of of IN 39142 920 21 the the DT 39142 920 22 heavenly heavenly JJ 39142 920 23 bodies body NNS 39142 920 24 , , , 39142 920 25 _ _ NNP 39142 920 26 where where WRB 39142 920 27 _ _ NNP 39142 920 28 they -PRON- PRP 39142 920 29 are be VBP 39142 920 30 ; ; : 39142 920 31 the the DT 39142 920 32 new new JJ 39142 920 33 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 920 34 deals deal VBZ 39142 920 35 with with IN 39142 920 36 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 920 37 chemical chemical NN 39142 920 38 composition composition NN 39142 920 39 and and CC 39142 920 40 physical physical JJ 39142 920 41 constitution constitution NN 39142 920 42 , , , 39142 920 43 and and CC 39142 920 44 _ _ NNP 39142 920 45 what what WP 39142 920 46 _ _ NNP 39142 920 47 they -PRON- PRP 39142 920 48 are be VBP 39142 920 49 . . . 39142 921 1 Between between IN 39142 921 2 1865 1865 CD 39142 921 3 and and CC 39142 921 4 1875 1875 CD 39142 921 5 the the DT 39142 921 6 fundamental fundamental JJ 39142 921 7 application application NN 39142 921 8 of of IN 39142 921 9 the the DT 39142 921 10 basic basic JJ 39142 921 11 principles principle NNS 39142 921 12 was be VBD 39142 921 13 well well RB 39142 921 14 advanced advanced JJ 39142 921 15 by by IN 39142 921 16 the the DT 39142 921 17 researches research NNS 39142 921 18 of of IN 39142 921 19 Sir Sir NNP 39142 921 20 William William NNP 39142 921 21 Huggins Huggins NNP 39142 921 22 in in IN 39142 921 23 England England NNP 39142 921 24 , , , 39142 921 25 of of IN 39142 921 26 Father Father NNP 39142 921 27 Angelo Angelo NNP 39142 921 28 Secchi Secchi NNP 39142 921 29 in in IN 39142 921 30 Rome Rome NNP 39142 921 31 , , , 39142 921 32 of of IN 39142 921 33 Jules Jules NNP 39142 921 34 Janssen Janssen NNP 39142 921 35 in in IN 39142 921 36 Paris Paris NNP 39142 921 37 , , , 39142 921 38 and and CC 39142 921 39 of of IN 39142 921 40 Dr. Dr. NNP 39142 921 41 Henry Henry NNP 39142 921 42 Draper Draper NNP 39142 921 43 in in IN 39142 921 44 New New NNP 39142 921 45 York York NNP 39142 921 46 . . . 39142 922 1 In in IN 39142 922 2 analyzing analyze VBG 39142 922 3 the the DT 39142 922 4 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 922 5 of of IN 39142 922 6 the the DT 39142 922 7 sun sun NN 39142 922 8 , , , 39142 922 9 many many JJ 39142 922 10 thousands thousand NNS 39142 922 11 of of IN 39142 922 12 dark dark JJ 39142 922 13 absorption absorption NN 39142 922 14 lines line NNS 39142 922 15 are be VBP 39142 922 16 found find VBN 39142 922 17 , , , 39142 922 18 and and CC 39142 922 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 922 20 coincidences coincidence NNS 39142 922 21 with with IN 39142 922 22 the the DT 39142 922 23 bright bright JJ 39142 922 24 lines line NNS 39142 922 25 of of IN 39142 922 26 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 39142 922 27 elements element NNS 39142 922 28 show show VBP 39142 922 29 that that DT 39142 922 30 iron iron NN 39142 922 31 , , , 39142 922 32 for for IN 39142 922 33 instance instance NN 39142 922 34 , , , 39142 922 35 is be VBZ 39142 922 36 most most RBS 39142 922 37 prominently prominently RB 39142 922 38 identified identify VBN 39142 922 39 , , , 39142 922 40 with with IN 39142 922 41 rather rather RB 39142 922 42 more more JJR 39142 922 43 than than IN 39142 922 44 2,000 2,000 CD 39142 922 45 coincidences coincidence NNS 39142 922 46 of of IN 39142 922 47 bright bright JJ 39142 922 48 and and CC 39142 922 49 dark dark JJ 39142 922 50 lines line NNS 39142 922 51 . . . 39142 923 1 Calcium calcium NN 39142 923 2 , , , 39142 923 3 too too RB 39142 923 4 , , , 39142 923 5 is be VBZ 39142 923 6 indicated indicate VBN 39142 923 7 by by IN 39142 923 8 peculiar peculiar JJ 39142 923 9 intensity intensity NN 39142 923 10 of of IN 39142 923 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 923 12 lines line NNS 39142 923 13 , , , 39142 923 14 as as RB 39142 923 15 well well RB 39142 923 16 as as IN 39142 923 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 923 18 great great JJ 39142 923 19 number number NN 39142 923 20 . . . 39142 924 1 Next next RB 39142 924 2 in in IN 39142 924 3 order order NN 39142 924 4 are be VBP 39142 924 5 hydrogen hydrogen NN 39142 924 6 , , , 39142 924 7 nickel nickel NN 39142 924 8 and and CC 39142 924 9 sodium sodium NN 39142 924 10 . . . 39142 925 1 By by IN 39142 925 2 prolonged prolonged JJ 39142 925 3 and and CC 39142 925 4 minute minute NN 39142 925 5 comparison comparison NN 39142 925 6 of of IN 39142 925 7 the the DT 39142 925 8 solar solar JJ 39142 925 9 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 925 10 with with IN 39142 925 11 spectra spectra NN 39142 925 12 of of IN 39142 925 13 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 39142 925 14 elements element NNS 39142 925 15 , , , 39142 925 16 something something NN 39142 925 17 like like IN 39142 925 18 forty forty CD 39142 925 19 elemental elemental JJ 39142 925 20 substances substance NNS 39142 925 21 are be VBP 39142 925 22 now now RB 39142 925 23 known know VBN 39142 925 24 to to TO 39142 925 25 exist exist VB 39142 925 26 in in IN 39142 925 27 the the DT 39142 925 28 sun sun NN 39142 925 29 . . . 39142 926 1 Rowland Rowland NNP 39142 926 2 's 's POS 39142 926 3 splendid splendid JJ 39142 926 4 photographs photograph NNS 39142 926 5 of of IN 39142 926 6 the the DT 39142 926 7 solar solar JJ 39142 926 8 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 926 9 have have VBP 39142 926 10 contributed contribute VBN 39142 926 11 most most RBS 39142 926 12 effectively effectively RB 39142 926 13 . . . 39142 927 1 About about IN 39142 927 2 half half NN 39142 927 3 of of IN 39142 927 4 these these DT 39142 927 5 elements element NNS 39142 927 6 , , , 39142 927 7 though though IN 39142 927 8 not not RB 39142 927 9 in in IN 39142 927 10 order order NN 39142 927 11 of of IN 39142 927 12 certainty certainty NN 39142 927 13 , , , 39142 927 14 are be VBP 39142 927 15 aluminum aluminum NN 39142 927 16 , , , 39142 927 17 cadmium cadmium NN 39142 927 18 , , , 39142 927 19 calcium calcium NN 39142 927 20 , , , 39142 927 21 carbon carbon NN 39142 927 22 , , , 39142 927 23 chromium chromium NN 39142 927 24 , , , 39142 927 25 cobalt cobalt NN 39142 927 26 , , , 39142 927 27 copper copper NN 39142 927 28 , , , 39142 927 29 hydrogen hydrogen NN 39142 927 30 , , , 39142 927 31 iron iron NN 39142 927 32 , , , 39142 927 33 magnesium magnesium NN 39142 927 34 , , , 39142 927 35 manganese manganese JJ 39142 927 36 , , , 39142 927 37 nickel nickel NN 39142 927 38 , , , 39142 927 39 scandium scandium NN 39142 927 40 , , , 39142 927 41 silicon silicon NN 39142 927 42 , , , 39142 927 43 silver silver NN 39142 927 44 , , , 39142 927 45 sodium sodium NN 39142 927 46 , , , 39142 927 47 titanium titanium NN 39142 927 48 , , , 39142 927 49 vanadium vanadium NN 39142 927 50 , , , 39142 927 51 yttrium yttrium NN 39142 927 52 , , , 39142 927 53 zinc zinc NN 39142 927 54 , , , 39142 927 55 and and CC 39142 927 56 zirconium zirconium NN 39142 927 57 . . . 39142 928 1 Oxygen oxygen NN 39142 928 2 , , , 39142 928 3 too too RB 39142 928 4 , , , 39142 928 5 is be VBZ 39142 928 6 pretty pretty RB 39142 928 7 surely surely RB 39142 928 8 indicated indicate VBN 39142 928 9 ; ; : 39142 928 10 but but CC 39142 928 11 certain certain JJ 39142 928 12 elements element NNS 39142 928 13 abundant abundant JJ 39142 928 14 on on IN 39142 928 15 earth earth NN 39142 928 16 , , , 39142 928 17 as as IN 39142 928 18 nitrogen nitrogen NN 39142 928 19 and and CC 39142 928 20 chlorine chlorine NN 39142 928 21 , , , 39142 928 22 together together RB 39142 928 23 with with IN 39142 928 24 gold gold NN 39142 928 25 , , , 39142 928 26 mercury mercury NN 39142 928 27 , , , 39142 928 28 phosphorus phosphorus NN 39142 928 29 , , , 39142 928 30 and and CC 39142 928 31 sulphur sulphur NNP 39142 928 32 , , , 39142 928 33 are be VBP 39142 928 34 not not RB 39142 928 35 found find VBN 39142 928 36 in in IN 39142 928 37 the the DT 39142 928 38 sun sun NN 39142 928 39 . . . 39142 929 1 The the DT 39142 929 2 two two CD 39142 929 3 brilliant brilliant JJ 39142 929 4 red red JJ 39142 929 5 stars star NNS 39142 929 6 , , , 39142 929 7 Aldebaran Aldebaran NNP 39142 929 8 in in IN 39142 929 9 Taurus Taurus NNP 39142 929 10 , , , 39142 929 11 and and CC 39142 929 12 Betelgeuse Betelgeuse NNP 39142 929 13 in in IN 39142 929 14 Orion Orion NNP 39142 929 15 , , , 39142 929 16 were be VBD 39142 929 17 the the DT 39142 929 18 first first JJ 39142 929 19 stars star NNS 39142 929 20 whose whose WP$ 39142 929 21 chemical chemical NN 39142 929 22 constitution constitution NN 39142 929 23 was be VBD 39142 929 24 revealed reveal VBN 39142 929 25 to to IN 39142 929 26 the the DT 39142 929 27 eye eye NN 39142 929 28 of of IN 39142 929 29 man man NN 39142 929 30 , , , 39142 929 31 and and CC 39142 929 32 Sir Sir NNP 39142 929 33 William William NNP 39142 929 34 Huggins Huggins NNP 39142 929 35 of of IN 39142 929 36 London London NNP 39142 929 37 was be VBD 39142 929 38 the the DT 39142 929 39 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 929 40 who who WP 39142 929 41 achieved achieve VBD 39142 929 42 this this DT 39142 929 43 epoch epoch NN 39142 929 44 - - HYPH 39142 929 45 making make VBG 39142 929 46 result result NN 39142 929 47 . . . 39142 930 1 Father Father NNP 39142 930 2 Secchi Secchi NNP 39142 930 3 of of IN 39142 930 4 the the DT 39142 930 5 Vatican Vatican NNP 39142 930 6 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 930 7 proceeded proceed VBD 39142 930 8 at at IN 39142 930 9 once once RB 39142 930 10 with with IN 39142 930 11 the the DT 39142 930 12 visual visual JJ 39142 930 13 examination examination NN 39142 930 14 of of IN 39142 930 15 the the DT 39142 930 16 spectra spectra NN 39142 930 17 of of IN 39142 930 18 hundreds hundred NNS 39142 930 19 of of IN 39142 930 20 the the DT 39142 930 21 brighter bright JJR 39142 930 22 stars star NNS 39142 930 23 , , , 39142 930 24 and and CC 39142 930 25 he -PRON- PRP 39142 930 26 was be VBD 39142 930 27 the the DT 39142 930 28 first first JJ 39142 930 29 to to TO 39142 930 30 provide provide VB 39142 930 31 a a DT 39142 930 32 classification classification NN 39142 930 33 of of IN 39142 930 34 stellar stellar JJ 39142 930 35 spectra spectra NN 39142 930 36 . . . 39142 931 1 There there EX 39142 931 2 were be VBD 39142 931 3 four four CD 39142 931 4 types type NNS 39142 931 5 . . . 39142 932 1 Secchi Secchi NNP 39142 932 2 's 's POS 39142 932 3 type type NN 39142 932 4 I -PRON- PRP 39142 932 5 is be VBZ 39142 932 6 characterized characterize VBN 39142 932 7 chiefly chiefly RB 39142 932 8 by by IN 39142 932 9 the the DT 39142 932 10 breadth breadth NN 39142 932 11 and and CC 39142 932 12 intensity intensity NN 39142 932 13 of of IN 39142 932 14 dark dark JJ 39142 932 15 hydrogen hydrogen NN 39142 932 16 lines line NNS 39142 932 17 , , , 39142 932 18 together together RB 39142 932 19 with with IN 39142 932 20 a a DT 39142 932 21 faintness faintness NN 39142 932 22 or or CC 39142 932 23 entire entire JJ 39142 932 24 absence absence NN 39142 932 25 of of IN 39142 932 26 metallic metallic JJ 39142 932 27 lines line NNS 39142 932 28 . . . 39142 933 1 These these DT 39142 933 2 are be VBP 39142 933 3 bluish bluish JJ 39142 933 4 or or CC 39142 933 5 white white JJ 39142 933 6 stars star NNS 39142 933 7 and and CC 39142 933 8 they -PRON- PRP 39142 933 9 are be VBP 39142 933 10 very very RB 39142 933 11 abundant abundant JJ 39142 933 12 , , , 39142 933 13 nearly nearly RB 39142 933 14 half half NN 39142 933 15 of of IN 39142 933 16 all all PDT 39142 933 17 the the DT 39142 933 18 stars star NNS 39142 933 19 . . . 39142 934 1 Vega Vega NNP 39142 934 2 , , , 39142 934 3 Altair Altair NNP 39142 934 4 , , , 39142 934 5 and and CC 39142 934 6 numerous numerous JJ 39142 934 7 other other JJ 39142 934 8 bright bright JJ 39142 934 9 stars star NNS 39142 934 10 belong belong VBP 39142 934 11 to to IN 39142 934 12 this this DT 39142 934 13 type type NN 39142 934 14 , , , 39142 934 15 and and CC 39142 934 16 especially especially RB 39142 934 17 Sirius Sirius NNP 39142 934 18 , , , 39142 934 19 which which WDT 39142 934 20 gives give VBZ 39142 934 21 to to IN 39142 934 22 the the DT 39142 934 23 type type NN 39142 934 24 the the DT 39142 934 25 name name NN 39142 934 26 " " `` 39142 934 27 Sirians Sirians NNPS 39142 934 28 . . . 39142 934 29 " " '' 39142 935 1 Type Type NNP 39142 935 2 II II NNP 39142 935 3 is be VBZ 39142 935 4 characterized characterize VBN 39142 935 5 by by IN 39142 935 6 a a DT 39142 935 7 multitude multitude NN 39142 935 8 of of IN 39142 935 9 fine fine JJ 39142 935 10 dark dark JJ 39142 935 11 metallic metallic JJ 39142 935 12 lines line NNS 39142 935 13 , , , 39142 935 14 closely closely RB 39142 935 15 resembling resemble VBG 39142 935 16 the the DT 39142 935 17 lines line NNS 39142 935 18 of of IN 39142 935 19 the the DT 39142 935 20 solar solar JJ 39142 935 21 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 935 22 . . . 39142 936 1 These these DT 39142 936 2 stars star NNS 39142 936 3 are be VBP 39142 936 4 somewhat somewhat RB 39142 936 5 yellowish yellowish JJ 39142 936 6 in in IN 39142 936 7 tinge tinge NN 39142 936 8 like like IN 39142 936 9 the the DT 39142 936 10 sun sun NN 39142 936 11 , , , 39142 936 12 and and CC 39142 936 13 from from IN 39142 936 14 this this DT 39142 936 15 similarity similarity NN 39142 936 16 of of IN 39142 936 17 spectra spectra NNP 39142 936 18 they -PRON- PRP 39142 936 19 are be VBP 39142 936 20 called call VBN 39142 936 21 " " `` 39142 936 22 solars solar NNS 39142 936 23 . . . 39142 936 24 " " '' 39142 937 1 Arcturus Arcturus NNP 39142 937 2 and and CC 39142 937 3 Capella Capella NNP 39142 937 4 are be VBP 39142 937 5 " " `` 39142 937 6 solars solar NNS 39142 937 7 , , , 39142 937 8 " " '' 39142 937 9 and and CC 39142 937 10 on on IN 39142 937 11 the the DT 39142 937 12 whole whole NN 39142 937 13 the the DT 39142 937 14 solars solar NNS 39142 937 15 are be VBP 39142 937 16 rather rather RB 39142 937 17 less less RBR 39142 937 18 numerous numerous JJ 39142 937 19 than than IN 39142 937 20 the the DT 39142 937 21 Sirians Sirians NNPS 39142 937 22 . . . 39142 938 1 Stars star NNS 39142 938 2 nearest nearest RB 39142 938 3 to to IN 39142 938 4 the the DT 39142 938 5 solar solar JJ 39142 938 6 system system NN 39142 938 7 are be VBP 39142 938 8 mostly mostly RB 39142 938 9 of of IN 39142 938 10 this this DT 39142 938 11 type type NN 39142 938 12 , , , 39142 938 13 and and CC 39142 938 14 , , , 39142 938 15 according accord VBG 39142 938 16 to to IN 39142 938 17 Kapteyn Kapteyn NNP 39142 938 18 of of IN 39142 938 19 Groningen Groningen NNP 39142 938 20 , , , 39142 938 21 the the DT 39142 938 22 absolute absolute JJ 39142 938 23 luminous luminous JJ 39142 938 24 power power NN 39142 938 25 of of IN 39142 938 26 first first JJ 39142 938 27 type type NN 39142 938 28 stars star NNS 39142 938 29 exceeds exceed VBZ 39142 938 30 that that DT 39142 938 31 of of IN 39142 938 32 second second JJ 39142 938 33 type type NN 39142 938 34 stars star VBZ 39142 938 35 seven seven RB 39142 938 36 - - RB 39142 938 37 fold fold RB 39142 938 38 . . . 39142 939 1 Secchi Secchi NNP 39142 939 2 's 's POS 39142 939 3 type type NN 39142 939 4 III III NNP 39142 939 5 is be VBZ 39142 939 6 characterized characterize VBN 39142 939 7 by by IN 39142 939 8 many many JJ 39142 939 9 dark dark JJ 39142 939 10 bands band NNS 39142 939 11 , , , 39142 939 12 well well RB 39142 939 13 defined define VBN 39142 939 14 on on IN 39142 939 15 the the DT 39142 939 16 side side NN 39142 939 17 toward toward IN 39142 939 18 the the DT 39142 939 19 blue blue JJ 39142 939 20 end end NN 39142 939 21 of of IN 39142 939 22 the the DT 39142 939 23 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 939 24 , , , 39142 939 25 but but CC 39142 939 26 shading shade VBG 39142 939 27 off off RP 39142 939 28 toward toward IN 39142 939 29 the the DT 39142 939 30 red red NN 39142 939 31 -- -- : 39142 939 32 a a DT 39142 939 33 " " `` 39142 939 34 colonnaded colonnaded JJ 39142 939 35 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 939 36 " " '' 39142 939 37 , , , 39142 939 38 as as IN 39142 939 39 Miss Miss NNP 39142 939 40 Clerke Clerke NNP 39142 939 41 aptly aptly RB 39142 939 42 terms term VBZ 39142 939 43 it -PRON- PRP 39142 939 44 . . . 39142 940 1 Alpha Alpha NNP 39142 940 2 Herculis Herculis NNP 39142 940 3 , , , 39142 940 4 Antares Antares NNP 39142 940 5 , , , 39142 940 6 and and CC 39142 940 7 Mira Mira NNP 39142 940 8 , , , 39142 940 9 together together RB 39142 940 10 with with IN 39142 940 11 orange orange JJ 39142 940 12 and and CC 39142 940 13 reddish reddish JJ 39142 940 14 stars star NNS 39142 940 15 and and CC 39142 940 16 most most JJS 39142 940 17 of of IN 39142 940 18 the the DT 39142 940 19 variable variable JJ 39142 940 20 stars star NNS 39142 940 21 , , , 39142 940 22 belong belong VBP 39142 940 23 in in IN 39142 940 24 type type NN 39142 940 25 III III NNP 39142 940 26 . . . 39142 941 1 Type Type NNP 39142 941 2 IV IV NNP 39142 941 3 is be VBZ 39142 941 4 also also RB 39142 941 5 characterized characterize VBN 39142 941 6 by by IN 39142 941 7 dark dark JJ 39142 941 8 bands band NNS 39142 941 9 , , , 39142 941 10 often often RB 39142 941 11 called call VBD 39142 941 12 " " `` 39142 941 13 flutings fluting NNS 39142 941 14 , , , 39142 941 15 " " '' 39142 941 16 similar similar JJ 39142 941 17 to to IN 39142 941 18 those those DT 39142 941 19 of of IN 39142 941 20 type type NN 39142 941 21 III III NNP 39142 941 22 , , , 39142 941 23 but but CC 39142 941 24 reversed reverse VBD 39142 941 25 as as IN 39142 941 26 to to IN 39142 941 27 shading shading NN 39142 941 28 , , , 39142 941 29 that that RB 39142 941 30 is is RB 39142 941 31 , , , 39142 941 32 well well RB 39142 941 33 defined define VBN 39142 941 34 on on IN 39142 941 35 the the DT 39142 941 36 side side NN 39142 941 37 toward toward IN 39142 941 38 the the DT 39142 941 39 red red NN 39142 941 40 , , , 39142 941 41 but but CC 39142 941 42 fading fade VBG 39142 941 43 out out RP 39142 941 44 toward toward IN 39142 941 45 the the DT 39142 941 46 blue blue NN 39142 941 47 . . . 39142 942 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 942 2 atmospheres atmosphere NNS 39142 942 3 contain contain VBP 39142 942 4 carbon carbon NN 39142 942 5 ; ; : 39142 942 6 but but CC 39142 942 7 they -PRON- PRP 39142 942 8 are be VBP 39142 942 9 not not RB 39142 942 10 abundant abundant JJ 39142 942 11 , , , 39142 942 12 besides besides IN 39142 942 13 being be VBG 39142 942 14 faint faint JJ 39142 942 15 and and CC 39142 942 16 nearly nearly RB 39142 942 17 all all DT 39142 942 18 blood blood NN 39142 942 19 - - HYPH 39142 942 20 red red JJ 39142 942 21 in in IN 39142 942 22 tint tint NN 39142 942 23 . . . 39142 943 1 Following follow VBG 39142 943 2 up up RP 39142 943 3 the the DT 39142 943 4 brilliant brilliant JJ 39142 943 5 researches research NNS 39142 943 6 of of IN 39142 943 7 Draper Draper NNP 39142 943 8 , , , 39142 943 9 who who WP 39142 943 10 in in IN 39142 943 11 1872 1872 CD 39142 943 12 obtained obtain VBD 39142 943 13 the the DT 39142 943 14 first first JJ 39142 943 15 successful successful JJ 39142 943 16 photograph photograph NN 39142 943 17 of of IN 39142 943 18 a a DT 39142 943 19 star star NN 39142 943 20 's 's POS 39142 943 21 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 943 22 , , , 39142 943 23 that that DT 39142 943 24 of of IN 39142 943 25 Vega Vega NNP 39142 943 26 , , , 39142 943 27 Pickering Pickering NNP 39142 943 28 of of IN 39142 943 29 Harvard Harvard NNP 39142 943 30 supplemented supplement VBD 39142 943 31 Secchi Secchi NNP 39142 943 32 's 's POS 39142 943 33 classification classification NN 39142 943 34 by by IN 39142 943 35 Type Type NNP 39142 943 36 V V NNP 39142 943 37 , , , 39142 943 38 a a DT 39142 943 39 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 943 40 characterized characterize VBN 39142 943 41 by by IN 39142 943 42 bright bright JJ 39142 943 43 lines line NNS 39142 943 44 . . . 39142 944 1 They -PRON- PRP 39142 944 2 , , , 39142 944 3 too too RB 39142 944 4 , , , 39142 944 5 are be VBP 39142 944 6 not not RB 39142 944 7 abundant abundant JJ 39142 944 8 and and CC 39142 944 9 are be VBP 39142 944 10 all all DT 39142 944 11 found find VBN 39142 944 12 near near IN 39142 944 13 the the DT 39142 944 14 middle middle NN 39142 944 15 of of IN 39142 944 16 the the DT 39142 944 17 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 944 18 . . . 39142 945 1 These these DT 39142 945 2 are be VBP 39142 945 3 usually usually RB 39142 945 4 known know VBN 39142 945 5 as as IN 39142 945 6 Wolf Wolf NNP 39142 945 7 - - HYPH 39142 945 8 Rayet Rayet NNP 39142 945 9 stars star NNS 39142 945 10 , , , 39142 945 11 from from IN 39142 945 12 the the DT 39142 945 13 two two CD 39142 945 14 Paris Paris NNP 39142 945 15 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 945 16 who who WP 39142 945 17 first first RB 39142 945 18 investigated investigate VBD 39142 945 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 945 20 spectra spectra NN 39142 945 21 . . . 39142 946 1 Type type NN 39142 946 2 V V NNP 39142 946 3 stars star NNS 39142 946 4 are be VBP 39142 946 5 a a DT 39142 946 6 class class NN 39142 946 7 of of IN 39142 946 8 objects object NNS 39142 946 9 seemingly seemingly RB 39142 946 10 apart apart RB 39142 946 11 from from IN 39142 946 12 the the DT 39142 946 13 rest rest NN 39142 946 14 of of IN 39142 946 15 the the DT 39142 946 16 stellar stellar JJ 39142 946 17 universe universe NN 39142 946 18 , , , 39142 946 19 and and CC 39142 946 20 many many JJ 39142 946 21 of of IN 39142 946 22 the the DT 39142 946 23 planetary planetary NN 39142 946 24 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 946 25 yield yield VBP 39142 946 26 the the DT 39142 946 27 same same JJ 39142 946 28 sort sort NN 39142 946 29 of of IN 39142 946 30 a a DT 39142 946 31 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 946 32 . . . 39142 947 1 The the DT 39142 947 2 late late JJ 39142 947 3 Mrs. Mrs. NNP 39142 947 4 Anna Anna NNP 39142 947 5 Palmer Palmer NNP 39142 947 6 Draper Draper NNP 39142 947 7 , , , 39142 947 8 widow widow NN 39142 947 9 of of IN 39142 947 10 Dr. Dr. NNP 39142 947 11 Henry Henry NNP 39142 947 12 Draper Draper NNP 39142 947 13 , , , 39142 947 14 established establish VBD 39142 947 15 the the DT 39142 947 16 Henry Henry NNP 39142 947 17 Draper Draper NNP 39142 947 18 Memorial Memorial NNP 39142 947 19 at at IN 39142 947 20 Harvard Harvard NNP 39142 947 21 , , , 39142 947 22 and and CC 39142 947 23 investigation investigation NN 39142 947 24 of of IN 39142 947 25 the the DT 39142 947 26 photographic photographic JJ 39142 947 27 spectra spectra NN 39142 947 28 of of IN 39142 947 29 all all PDT 39142 947 30 the the DT 39142 947 31 brighter bright JJR 39142 947 32 stars star NNS 39142 947 33 of of IN 39142 947 34 the the DT 39142 947 35 entire entire JJ 39142 947 36 heavens heaven NNS 39142 947 37 has have VBZ 39142 947 38 been be VBN 39142 947 39 prosecuted prosecute VBN 39142 947 40 on on IN 39142 947 41 a a DT 39142 947 42 comprehensive comprehensive JJ 39142 947 43 scale scale NN 39142 947 44 , , , 39142 947 45 those those DT 39142 947 46 of of IN 39142 947 47 the the DT 39142 947 48 northern northern JJ 39142 947 49 hemisphere hemisphere NN 39142 947 50 at at IN 39142 947 51 Cambridge Cambridge NNP 39142 947 52 , , , 39142 947 53 and and CC 39142 947 54 of of IN 39142 947 55 the the DT 39142 947 56 southern southern JJ 39142 947 57 at at IN 39142 947 58 Arequipa Arequipa NNP 39142 947 59 , , , 39142 947 60 Peru Peru NNP 39142 947 61 . . . 39142 948 1 These these DT 39142 948 2 researches research NNS 39142 948 3 have have VBP 39142 948 4 led lead VBN 39142 948 5 to to IN 39142 948 6 a a DT 39142 948 7 broad broad JJ 39142 948 8 reclassification reclassification NN 39142 948 9 of of IN 39142 948 10 the the DT 39142 948 11 stars star NNS 39142 948 12 into into IN 39142 948 13 eight eight CD 39142 948 14 distinct distinct JJ 39142 948 15 groups group NNS 39142 948 16 , , , 39142 948 17 a a DT 39142 948 18 work work NN 39142 948 19 of of IN 39142 948 20 exceptional exceptional JJ 39142 948 21 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 948 22 begun begin VBN 39142 948 23 by by IN 39142 948 24 the the DT 39142 948 25 late late JJ 39142 948 26 Mrs. Mrs. NNP 39142 948 27 Fleming Fleming NNP 39142 948 28 and and CC 39142 948 29 recently recently RB 39142 948 30 completed complete VBN 39142 948 31 by by IN 39142 948 32 Miss Miss NNP 39142 948 33 Annie Annie NNP 39142 948 34 Cannon Cannon NNP 39142 948 35 , , , 39142 948 36 who who WP 39142 948 37 classified classify VBD 39142 948 38 the the DT 39142 948 39 photographic photographic JJ 39142 948 40 spectra spectra NN 39142 948 41 of of IN 39142 948 42 more more JJR 39142 948 43 than than IN 39142 948 44 230,000 230,000 CD 39142 948 45 stars star NNS 39142 948 46 on on IN 39142 948 47 the the DT 39142 948 48 new new JJ 39142 948 49 system system NN 39142 948 50 , , , 39142 948 51 as as IN 39142 948 52 follows:-- follows:-- `` 39142 948 53 The the DT 39142 948 54 letters letter NNS 39142 948 55 O o UH 39142 948 56 , , , 39142 948 57 B b NN 39142 948 58 , , , 39142 948 59 A A NNP 39142 948 60 , , , 39142 948 61 F F NNP 39142 948 62 , , , 39142 948 63 G G NNP 39142 948 64 , , , 39142 948 65 K K NNP 39142 948 66 , , , 39142 948 67 M M NNP 39142 948 68 , , , 39142 948 69 N n CD 39142 948 70 represent represent VBP 39142 948 71 a a DT 39142 948 72 continuous continuous JJ 39142 948 73 gradation gradation NN 39142 948 74 in in IN 39142 948 75 the the DT 39142 948 76 supposed suppose VBN 39142 948 77 order order NN 39142 948 78 of of IN 39142 948 79 stellar stellar JJ 39142 948 80 evolution evolution NN 39142 948 81 , , , 39142 948 82 and and CC 39142 948 83 farther farther JJ 39142 948 84 subdivision subdivision NN 39142 948 85 is be VBZ 39142 948 86 indicated indicate VBN 39142 948 87 by by IN 39142 948 88 tenths tenth NNS 39142 948 89 , , , 39142 948 90 G5 G5 NNP 39142 948 91 K K NNP 39142 948 92 meaning mean VBG 39142 948 93 a a DT 39142 948 94 type type NN 39142 948 95 half half JJ 39142 948 96 way way NN 39142 948 97 between between IN 39142 948 98 G g NN 39142 948 99 and and CC 39142 948 100 K K NNP 39142 948 101 , , , 39142 948 102 and and CC 39142 948 103 usually usually RB 39142 948 104 written write VBN 39142 948 105 G5 g5 NN 39142 948 106 simply simply RB 39142 948 107 . . . 39142 949 1 B2 b2 NN 39142 949 2 would would MD 39142 949 3 indicate indicate VB 39142 949 4 a a DT 39142 949 5 type type NN 39142 949 6 between between IN 39142 949 7 B b NN 39142 949 8 and and CC 39142 949 9 A A NNP 39142 949 10 , , , 39142 949 11 but but CC 39142 949 12 nearer near JJR 39142 949 13 to to IN 39142 949 14 B b NN 39142 949 15 than than IN 39142 949 16 A a NN 39142 949 17 , , , 39142 949 18 and and CC 39142 949 19 so so RB 39142 949 20 on on RB 39142 949 21 . . . 39142 950 1 On on IN 39142 950 2 this this DT 39142 950 3 system system NN 39142 950 4 , , , 39142 950 5 the the DT 39142 950 6 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 950 7 of of IN 39142 950 8 a a DT 39142 950 9 star star NN 39142 950 10 in in IN 39142 950 11 the the DT 39142 950 12 earliest early JJS 39142 950 13 stages stage NNS 39142 950 14 of of IN 39142 950 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 950 16 evolution evolution NN 39142 950 17 is be VBZ 39142 950 18 made make VBN 39142 950 19 up up RP 39142 950 20 of of IN 39142 950 21 diffuse diffuse NN 39142 950 22 bright bright JJ 39142 950 23 bands band NNS 39142 950 24 on on IN 39142 950 25 a a DT 39142 950 26 faint faint JJ 39142 950 27 continuous continuous JJ 39142 950 28 background background NN 39142 950 29 . . . 39142 951 1 As as IN 39142 951 2 these these DT 39142 951 3 bands band NNS 39142 951 4 become become VBP 39142 951 5 fewer few JJR 39142 951 6 and and CC 39142 951 7 narrower narrow JJR 39142 951 8 , , , 39142 951 9 very very RB 39142 951 10 faint faint JJ 39142 951 11 absorption absorption NN 39142 951 12 lines line NNS 39142 951 13 begin begin VBP 39142 951 14 to to TO 39142 951 15 appear appear VB 39142 951 16 , , , 39142 951 17 first first RB 39142 951 18 the the DT 39142 951 19 helium helium NN 39142 951 20 lines line NNS 39142 951 21 , , , 39142 951 22 followed follow VBN 39142 951 23 by by IN 39142 951 24 several several JJ 39142 951 25 series series NN 39142 951 26 of of IN 39142 951 27 hydrogen hydrogen NN 39142 951 28 lines line NNS 39142 951 29 . . . 39142 952 1 On on IN 39142 952 2 the the DT 39142 952 3 disappearance disappearance NN 39142 952 4 of of IN 39142 952 5 the the DT 39142 952 6 bright bright JJ 39142 952 7 bands band NNS 39142 952 8 , , , 39142 952 9 the the DT 39142 952 10 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 952 11 becomes become VBZ 39142 952 12 wholly wholly RB 39142 952 13 absorptive absorptive JJ 39142 952 14 bands band NNS 39142 952 15 and and CC 39142 952 16 lines line NNS 39142 952 17 . . . 39142 953 1 Then then RB 39142 953 2 comes come VBZ 39142 953 3 a a DT 39142 953 4 very very RB 39142 953 5 great great JJ 39142 953 6 increase increase NN 39142 953 7 in in IN 39142 953 8 intensity intensity NN 39142 953 9 of of IN 39142 953 10 the the DT 39142 953 11 true true JJ 39142 953 12 hydrogen hydrogen NN 39142 953 13 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 953 14 , , , 39142 953 15 with with IN 39142 953 16 wide wide JJ 39142 953 17 and and CC 39142 953 18 much much JJ 39142 953 19 diffused diffuse VBN 39142 953 20 lines line NNS 39142 953 21 , , , 39142 953 22 and and CC 39142 953 23 few few JJ 39142 953 24 if if IN 39142 953 25 any any DT 39142 953 26 other other JJ 39142 953 27 lines line NNS 39142 953 28 . . . 39142 954 1 Then then RB 39142 954 2 the the DT 39142 954 3 H h NN 39142 954 4 and and CC 39142 954 5 K k NN 39142 954 6 calcium calcium NN 39142 954 7 lines line NNS 39142 954 8 and and CC 39142 954 9 other other JJ 39142 954 10 lines line NNS 39142 954 11 peculiar peculiar JJ 39142 954 12 to to IN 39142 954 13 the the DT 39142 954 14 sun sun NN 39142 954 15 become become VBP 39142 954 16 more more RBR 39142 954 17 and and CC 39142 954 18 more more RBR 39142 954 19 intense intense JJ 39142 954 20 . . . 39142 955 1 Then then RB 39142 955 2 the the DT 39142 955 3 hydrogen hydrogen NN 39142 955 4 lines line NNS 39142 955 5 go go VBP 39142 955 6 through through IN 39142 955 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 955 8 long long JJ 39142 955 9 decline decline NN 39142 955 10 . . . 39142 956 1 The the DT 39142 956 2 calcium calcium NN 39142 956 3 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 956 4 becomes become VBZ 39142 956 5 intense intense JJ 39142 956 6 , , , 39142 956 7 and and CC 39142 956 8 later later RB 39142 956 9 the the DT 39142 956 10 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 956 11 becomes become VBZ 39142 956 12 quite quite RB 39142 956 13 like like IN 39142 956 14 that that DT 39142 956 15 of of IN 39142 956 16 the the DT 39142 956 17 sun sun NN 39142 956 18 with with IN 39142 956 19 a a DT 39142 956 20 great great JJ 39142 956 21 wealth wealth NN 39142 956 22 of of IN 39142 956 23 lines line NNS 39142 956 24 . . . 39142 957 1 Following follow VBG 39142 957 2 this this DT 39142 957 3 stage stage NN 39142 957 4 the the DT 39142 957 5 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 957 6 shortens shorten VBZ 39142 957 7 from from IN 39142 957 8 the the DT 39142 957 9 ultra ultra JJ 39142 957 10 violet violet NN 39142 957 11 , , , 39142 957 12 the the DT 39142 957 13 hydrogen hydrogen NN 39142 957 14 lines line NNS 39142 957 15 fade fade VBP 39142 957 16 out out RP 39142 957 17 still still RB 39142 957 18 farther farther RB 39142 957 19 , , , 39142 957 20 and and CC 39142 957 21 bands band NNS 39142 957 22 due due JJ 39142 957 23 to to IN 39142 957 24 metallic metallic JJ 39142 957 25 compounds compound NNS 39142 957 26 make make VBP 39142 957 27 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 957 28 appearance appearance NN 39142 957 29 , , , 39142 957 30 the the DT 39142 957 31 entire entire JJ 39142 957 32 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 957 33 finally finally RB 39142 957 34 resembling resemble VBG 39142 957 35 that that DT 39142 957 36 of of IN 39142 957 37 sun sun NN 39142 957 38 spots spot NNS 39142 957 39 . . . 39142 958 1 To to TO 39142 958 2 designate designate VB 39142 958 3 these these DT 39142 958 4 types type NNS 39142 958 5 rather rather RB 39142 958 6 more more JJR 39142 958 7 categorically:-- categorically:-- VBP 39142 958 8 Type type NN 39142 958 9 O o NN 39142 958 10 -- -- : 39142 958 11 bright bright JJ 39142 958 12 bands band NNS 39142 958 13 on on IN 39142 958 14 a a DT 39142 958 15 faint faint JJ 39142 958 16 continuous continuous JJ 39142 958 17 background background NN 39142 958 18 , , , 39142 958 19 with with IN 39142 958 20 five five CD 39142 958 21 subdivisions subdivision NNS 39142 958 22 , , , 39142 958 23 Oa Oa NNP 39142 958 24 , , , 39142 958 25 Ob Ob NNP 39142 958 26 , , , 39142 958 27 Oc oc UH 39142 958 28 , , , 39142 958 29 Od Od NNP 39142 958 30 , , , 39142 958 31 Oe Oe NNP 39142 958 32 , , , 39142 958 33 according accord VBG 39142 958 34 to to IN 39142 958 35 the the DT 39142 958 36 varying vary VBG 39142 958 37 width width NN 39142 958 38 and and CC 39142 958 39 intensity intensity NN 39142 958 40 of of IN 39142 958 41 the the DT 39142 958 42 bands band NNS 39142 958 43 . . . 39142 959 1 Type Type NNP 39142 959 2 B B NNP 39142 959 3 -- -- : 39142 959 4 the the DT 39142 959 5 Orion Orion NNP 39142 959 6 type type NN 39142 959 7 , , , 39142 959 8 or or CC 39142 959 9 helium helium NN 39142 959 10 type type NN 39142 959 11 , , , 39142 959 12 with with IN 39142 959 13 additional additional JJ 39142 959 14 lines line NNS 39142 959 15 of of IN 39142 959 16 origin origin NN 39142 959 17 unknown unknown JJ 39142 959 18 as as IN 39142 959 19 yet yet RB 39142 959 20 , , , 39142 959 21 but but CC 39142 959 22 without without IN 39142 959 23 any any DT 39142 959 24 of of IN 39142 959 25 the the DT 39142 959 26 bright bright JJ 39142 959 27 bands band NNS 39142 959 28 of of IN 39142 959 29 type type NN 39142 959 30 O. o. NN 39142 960 1 Type Type NNP 39142 960 2 A A NNP 39142 960 3 -- -- : 39142 960 4 the the DT 39142 960 5 Sirian sirian JJ 39142 960 6 type type NN 39142 960 7 , , , 39142 960 8 the the DT 39142 960 9 regular regular JJ 39142 960 10 Balmer Balmer NNP 39142 960 11 series series NN 39142 960 12 of of IN 39142 960 13 hydrogen hydrogen NN 39142 960 14 lines line NNS 39142 960 15 being be VBG 39142 960 16 very very RB 39142 960 17 intense intense JJ 39142 960 18 , , , 39142 960 19 with with IN 39142 960 20 a a DT 39142 960 21 few few JJ 39142 960 22 other other JJ 39142 960 23 lines line NNS 39142 960 24 not not RB 39142 960 25 conspicuously conspicuously RB 39142 960 26 marked mark VBN 39142 960 27 . . . 39142 961 1 Type Type NNP 39142 961 2 F F NNP 39142 961 3 -- -- : 39142 961 4 the the DT 39142 961 5 calcium calcium NN 39142 961 6 type type NN 39142 961 7 , , , 39142 961 8 hydrogen hydrogen NN 39142 961 9 lines line NNS 39142 961 10 less less RBR 39142 961 11 strongly strongly RB 39142 961 12 marked mark VBN 39142 961 13 , , , 39142 961 14 but but CC 39142 961 15 with with IN 39142 961 16 the the DT 39142 961 17 narrow narrow JJ 39142 961 18 calcium calcium NN 39142 961 19 lines line NNS 39142 961 20 H h NN 39142 961 21 and and CC 39142 961 22 K K NNP 39142 961 23 very very RB 39142 961 24 intense intense JJ 39142 961 25 . . . 39142 962 1 Type Type NNP 39142 962 2 G g NN 39142 962 3 -- -- : 39142 962 4 the the DT 39142 962 5 solar solar JJ 39142 962 6 type type NN 39142 962 7 , , , 39142 962 8 with with IN 39142 962 9 multitudes multitude NNS 39142 962 10 of of IN 39142 962 11 metallic metallic JJ 39142 962 12 lines line NNS 39142 962 13 . . . 39142 963 1 Type Type NNP 39142 963 2 K K NNP 39142 963 3 -- -- : 39142 963 4 in in IN 39142 963 5 some some DT 39142 963 6 respects respect NNS 39142 963 7 similar similar JJ 39142 963 8 to to IN 39142 963 9 G g NN 39142 963 10 , , , 39142 963 11 but but CC 39142 963 12 with with IN 39142 963 13 the the DT 39142 963 14 hydrogen hydrogen NN 39142 963 15 lines line NNS 39142 963 16 fading fade VBG 39142 963 17 out out RB 39142 963 18 , , , 39142 963 19 and and CC 39142 963 20 the the DT 39142 963 21 metallic metallic JJ 39142 963 22 lines line NNS 39142 963 23 relatively relatively RB 39142 963 24 more more RBR 39142 963 25 prominent prominent JJ 39142 963 26 . . . 39142 964 1 Type Type NNP 39142 964 2 M M NNP 39142 964 3 -- -- : 39142 964 4 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 964 5 with with IN 39142 964 6 peculiar peculiar JJ 39142 964 7 flutings fluting NNS 39142 964 8 due due IN 39142 964 9 to to IN 39142 964 10 titanium titanium NN 39142 964 11 oxide oxide RB 39142 964 12 , , , 39142 964 13 with with IN 39142 964 14 subdivisions subdivision NNS 39142 964 15 Ma Ma NNP 39142 964 16 and and CC 39142 964 17 Mb Mb NNP 39142 964 18 , , , 39142 964 19 and and CC 39142 964 20 the the DT 39142 964 21 variable variable JJ 39142 964 22 stars star NNS 39142 964 23 of of IN 39142 964 24 long long JJ 39142 964 25 period period NN 39142 964 26 , , , 39142 964 27 with with IN 39142 964 28 a a DT 39142 964 29 few few JJ 39142 964 30 bright bright JJ 39142 964 31 hydrogen hydrogen NN 39142 964 32 lines line NNS 39142 964 33 additional additional JJ 39142 964 34 , , , 39142 964 35 in in IN 39142 964 36 a a DT 39142 964 37 separate separate JJ 39142 964 38 class class NN 39142 964 39 Md. Md. NNP 39142 965 1 Type Type NNP 39142 965 2 N N NNP 39142 965 3 -- -- : 39142 965 4 similar similar JJ 39142 965 5 to to IN 39142 965 6 M M NNP 39142 965 7 , , , 39142 965 8 in in IN 39142 965 9 that that IN 39142 965 10 both both DT 39142 965 11 are be VBP 39142 965 12 pronouncedly pronouncedly RB 39142 965 13 reddish reddish JJ 39142 965 14 , , , 39142 965 15 but but CC 39142 965 16 with with IN 39142 965 17 characteristic characteristic JJ 39142 965 18 flutings fluting NNS 39142 965 19 probably probably RB 39142 965 20 indicating indicate VBG 39142 965 21 carbon carbon NN 39142 965 22 compounds compound NNS 39142 965 23 . . . 39142 966 1 The the DT 39142 966 2 Draper Draper NNP 39142 966 3 classification classification NN 39142 966 4 being be VBG 39142 966 5 based base VBN 39142 966 6 on on IN 39142 966 7 photographic photographic JJ 39142 966 8 spectra spectra NNP 39142 966 9 , , , 39142 966 10 and and CC 39142 966 11 the the DT 39142 966 12 original original JJ 39142 966 13 Secchi Secchi NNP 39142 966 14 classification classification NN 39142 966 15 being be VBG 39142 966 16 visual visual JJ 39142 966 17 , , , 39142 966 18 the the DT 39142 966 19 relation relation NN 39142 966 20 of of IN 39142 966 21 the the DT 39142 966 22 two two CD 39142 966 23 systems system NNS 39142 966 24 is be VBZ 39142 966 25 approximately approximately RB 39142 966 26 as as IN 39142 966 27 follows follow VBZ 39142 966 28 : : : 39142 966 29 Secchi Secchi NNP 39142 966 30 Type Type NNP 39142 966 31 I -PRON- PRP 39142 966 32 includes include VBZ 39142 966 33 Draper Draper NNP 39142 966 34 B B NNP 39142 966 35 & & CC 39142 966 36 A A NNP 39142 966 37 II II NNP 39142 966 38 includes include VBZ 39142 966 39 Draper Draper NNP 39142 966 40 F F NNP 39142 966 41 , , , 39142 966 42 G G NNP 39142 966 43 & & CC 39142 966 44 K K NNP 39142 966 45 III III NNP 39142 966 46 includes include VBZ 39142 966 47 Draper Draper NNP 39142 966 48 M M NNP 39142 966 49 IV IV NNP 39142 966 50 includes include VBZ 39142 966 51 Draper Draper NNP 39142 966 52 N N NNP 39142 966 53 Pickering Pickering NNP 39142 966 54 's 's POS 39142 966 55 marked marked JJ 39142 966 56 success success NN 39142 966 57 in in IN 39142 966 58 organization organization NN 39142 966 59 and and CC 39142 966 60 execution execution NN 39142 966 61 of of IN 39142 966 62 this this DT 39142 966 63 great great JJ 39142 966 64 programme programme NN 39142 966 65 was be VBD 39142 966 66 due due JJ 39142 966 67 to to IN 39142 966 68 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 966 69 adoption adoption NN 39142 966 70 of of IN 39142 966 71 the the DT 39142 966 72 " " `` 39142 966 73 slitless slitless JJ 39142 966 74 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 966 75 , , , 39142 966 76 " " '' 39142 966 77 which which WDT 39142 966 78 made make VBD 39142 966 79 it -PRON- PRP 39142 966 80 possible possible JJ 39142 966 81 to to TO 39142 966 82 photograph photograph VB 39142 966 83 stellar stellar JJ 39142 966 84 spectra spectra NNP 39142 966 85 in in IN 39142 966 86 vast vast JJ 39142 966 87 numbers number NNS 39142 966 88 on on IN 39142 966 89 a a DT 39142 966 90 single single JJ 39142 966 91 plate plate NN 39142 966 92 . . . 39142 967 1 The the DT 39142 967 2 first first JJ 39142 967 3 observers observer NNS 39142 967 4 of of IN 39142 967 5 stellar stellar JJ 39142 967 6 spectra spectra NNP 39142 967 7 placed place VBD 39142 967 8 the the DT 39142 967 9 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 967 10 beyond beyond IN 39142 967 11 the the DT 39142 967 12 focus focus NN 39142 967 13 of of IN 39142 967 14 the the DT 39142 967 15 telescope telescope NN 39142 967 16 with with IN 39142 967 17 which which WDT 39142 967 18 it -PRON- PRP 39142 967 19 was be VBD 39142 967 20 used use VBN 39142 967 21 , , , 39142 967 22 thereby thereby RB 39142 967 23 limiting limit VBG 39142 967 24 the the DT 39142 967 25 examination examination NN 39142 967 26 to to IN 39142 967 27 but but CC 39142 967 28 one one CD 39142 967 29 star star NN 39142 967 30 at at IN 39142 967 31 a a DT 39142 967 32 time time NN 39142 967 33 . . . 39142 968 1 In in IN 39142 968 2 the the DT 39142 968 3 slitless slitless JJ 39142 968 4 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 968 5 , , , 39142 968 6 a a DT 39142 968 7 large large JJ 39142 968 8 prism prism NN 39142 968 9 is be VBZ 39142 968 10 mounted mount VBN 39142 968 11 in in IN 39142 968 12 front front NN 39142 968 13 of of IN 39142 968 14 the the DT 39142 968 15 objective objective NN 39142 968 16 ( ( -LRB- 39142 968 17 of of IN 39142 968 18 short short JJ 39142 968 19 focus focus NN 39142 968 20 ) ) -RRB- 39142 968 21 , , , 39142 968 22 so so IN 39142 968 23 that that IN 39142 968 24 the the DT 39142 968 25 star star NN 39142 968 26 's 's POS 39142 968 27 rays ray NNS 39142 968 28 pass pass VBP 39142 968 29 through through IN 39142 968 30 it -PRON- PRP 39142 968 31 first first RB 39142 968 32 , , , 39142 968 33 and and CC 39142 968 34 then then RB 39142 968 35 are be VBP 39142 968 36 brought bring VBN 39142 968 37 to to IN 39142 968 38 the the DT 39142 968 39 same same JJ 39142 968 40 focus focus NN 39142 968 41 on on IN 39142 968 42 the the DT 39142 968 43 photographic photographic JJ 39142 968 44 plate plate NN 39142 968 45 , , , 39142 968 46 for for IN 39142 968 47 all all PDT 39142 968 48 the the DT 39142 968 49 stars star NNS 39142 968 50 within within IN 39142 968 51 the the DT 39142 968 52 field field NN 39142 968 53 of of IN 39142 968 54 view view NN 39142 968 55 , , , 39142 968 56 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 968 57 many many JJ 39142 968 58 thousand thousand CD 39142 968 59 in in IN 39142 968 60 number number NN 39142 968 61 . . . 39142 969 1 This this DT 39142 969 2 arrangement arrangement NN 39142 969 3 provides provide VBZ 39142 969 4 great great JJ 39142 969 5 advantages advantage NNS 39142 969 6 in in IN 39142 969 7 the the DT 39142 969 8 comparison comparison NN 39142 969 9 and and CC 39142 969 10 classification classification NN 39142 969 11 of of IN 39142 969 12 stellar stellar JJ 39142 969 13 spectra spectra NN 39142 969 14 . . . 39142 970 1 When when WRB 39142 970 2 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 970 3 methods method NNS 39142 970 4 were be VBD 39142 970 5 first first RB 39142 970 6 introduced introduce VBN 39142 970 7 into into IN 39142 970 8 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 970 9 , , , 39142 970 10 there there EX 39142 970 11 was be VBD 39142 970 12 no no DT 39142 970 13 expectation expectation NN 39142 970 14 that that IN 39142 970 15 the the DT 39142 970 16 field field NN 39142 970 17 of of IN 39142 970 18 the the DT 39142 970 19 old old JJ 39142 970 20 or or CC 39142 970 21 so so RB 39142 970 22 - - HYPH 39142 970 23 called call VBN 39142 970 24 exact exact JJ 39142 970 25 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 970 26 would would MD 39142 970 27 be be VB 39142 970 28 invaded invade VBN 39142 970 29 . . . 39142 971 1 Physicists physicist NNS 39142 971 2 were be VBD 39142 971 3 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 971 4 jocularly jocularly RB 39142 971 5 greeted greet VBN 39142 971 6 among among IN 39142 971 7 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 971 8 as as IN 39142 971 9 " " `` 39142 971 10 ribbon ribbon NN 39142 971 11 men man NNS 39142 971 12 , , , 39142 971 13 " " '' 39142 971 14 and and CC 39142 971 15 no no DT 39142 971 16 one one NN 39142 971 17 even even RB 39142 971 18 dreamed dream VBD 39142 971 19 that that IN 39142 971 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 971 21 researches research NNS 39142 971 22 were be VBD 39142 971 23 one one CD 39142 971 24 day day NN 39142 971 25 to to TO 39142 971 26 advance advance VB 39142 971 27 to to IN 39142 971 28 equal equal JJ 39142 971 29 recognition recognition NN 39142 971 30 with with IN 39142 971 31 results result NNS 39142 971 32 derived derive VBN 39142 971 33 from from IN 39142 971 34 micrometer micrometer NN 39142 971 35 , , , 39142 971 36 meridian meridian NNP 39142 971 37 circle circle NNP 39142 971 38 , , , 39142 971 39 and and CC 39142 971 40 heliometer heliometer NN 39142 971 41 . . . 39142 972 1 The the DT 39142 972 2 first first JJ 39142 972 3 step step NN 39142 972 4 in in IN 39142 972 5 this this DT 39142 972 6 direction direction NN 39142 972 7 was be VBD 39142 972 8 taken take VBN 39142 972 9 in in IN 39142 972 10 1868 1868 CD 39142 972 11 by by IN 39142 972 12 Sir Sir NNP 39142 972 13 William William NNP 39142 972 14 Huggins Huggins NNP 39142 972 15 of of IN 39142 972 16 London London NNP 39142 972 17 , , , 39142 972 18 who who WP 39142 972 19 noticed notice VBD 39142 972 20 small small JJ 39142 972 21 displacements displacement NNS 39142 972 22 in in IN 39142 972 23 the the DT 39142 972 24 lines line NNS 39142 972 25 of of IN 39142 972 26 spectra spectra NNP 39142 972 27 of of IN 39142 972 28 very very RB 39142 972 29 bright bright JJ 39142 972 30 stars star NNS 39142 972 31 . . . 39142 973 1 In in IN 39142 973 2 fact fact NN 39142 973 3 the the DT 39142 973 4 whole whole JJ 39142 973 5 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 973 6 appeared appear VBD 39142 973 7 to to TO 39142 973 8 be be VB 39142 973 9 shifted shift VBN 39142 973 10 ; ; : 39142 973 11 in in IN 39142 973 12 the the DT 39142 973 13 case case NN 39142 973 14 of of IN 39142 973 15 Sirius Sirius NNP 39142 973 16 it -PRON- PRP 39142 973 17 was be VBD 39142 973 18 shifted shift VBN 39142 973 19 toward toward IN 39142 973 20 the the DT 39142 973 21 red red NN 39142 973 22 , , , 39142 973 23 while while IN 39142 973 24 the the DT 39142 973 25 whole whole JJ 39142 973 26 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 973 27 of of IN 39142 973 28 Arcturus Arcturus NNP 39142 973 29 was be VBD 39142 973 30 shifted shift VBN 39142 973 31 by by IN 39142 973 32 three three CD 39142 973 33 times time NNS 39142 973 34 this this DT 39142 973 35 amount amount NN 39142 973 36 toward toward IN 39142 973 37 the the DT 39142 973 38 violet violet NN 39142 973 39 end end NN 39142 973 40 of of IN 39142 973 41 the the DT 39142 973 42 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 973 43 . . . 39142 974 1 The the DT 39142 974 2 reason reason NN 39142 974 3 was be VBD 39142 974 4 not not RB 39142 974 5 difficult difficult JJ 39142 974 6 to to TO 39142 974 7 assign assign VB 39142 974 8 . . . 39142 975 1 As as RB 39142 975 2 early early RB 39142 975 3 as as IN 39142 975 4 1842 1842 CD 39142 975 5 Doppler Doppler NNP 39142 975 6 had have VBD 39142 975 7 enunciated enunciate VBN 39142 975 8 the the DT 39142 975 9 principle principle NN 39142 975 10 that that IN 39142 975 11 when when WRB 39142 975 12 we -PRON- PRP 39142 975 13 are be VBP 39142 975 14 approaching approach VBG 39142 975 15 or or CC 39142 975 16 are be VBP 39142 975 17 approached approach VBN 39142 975 18 by by IN 39142 975 19 a a DT 39142 975 20 body body NN 39142 975 21 which which WDT 39142 975 22 is be VBZ 39142 975 23 emitting emit VBG 39142 975 24 regular regular JJ 39142 975 25 vibrations vibration NNS 39142 975 26 , , , 39142 975 27 then then RB 39142 975 28 the the DT 39142 975 29 number number NN 39142 975 30 of of IN 39142 975 31 waves wave NNS 39142 975 32 we -PRON- PRP 39142 975 33 receive receive VBP 39142 975 34 in in IN 39142 975 35 a a DT 39142 975 36 second second JJ 39142 975 37 is be VBZ 39142 975 38 increased increase VBN 39142 975 39 , , , 39142 975 40 and and CC 39142 975 41 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 975 42 wave wave VB 39142 975 43 - - HYPH 39142 975 44 length length NN 39142 975 45 correspondingly correspondingly RB 39142 975 46 diminished diminish VBN 39142 975 47 ; ; : 39142 975 48 and and CC 39142 975 49 just just RB 39142 975 50 the the DT 39142 975 51 reverse reverse NN 39142 975 52 of of IN 39142 975 53 this this DT 39142 975 54 occurs occur VBZ 39142 975 55 when when WRB 39142 975 56 the the DT 39142 975 57 distance distance NN 39142 975 58 of of IN 39142 975 59 the the DT 39142 975 60 vibrating vibrate VBG 39142 975 61 body body NN 39142 975 62 is be VBZ 39142 975 63 increasing increase VBG 39142 975 64 . . . 39142 976 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 976 2 is be VBZ 39142 976 3 the the DT 39142 976 4 same same JJ 39142 976 5 with with IN 39142 976 6 light light NN 39142 976 7 as as IN 39142 976 8 with with IN 39142 976 9 sound sound NN 39142 976 10 , , , 39142 976 11 and and CC 39142 976 12 everyone everyone NN 39142 976 13 has have VBZ 39142 976 14 noticed notice VBN 39142 976 15 how how WRB 39142 976 16 the the DT 39142 976 17 pitch pitch NN 39142 976 18 of of IN 39142 976 19 a a DT 39142 976 20 locomotive locomotive JJ 39142 976 21 whistle whistle NN 39142 976 22 suddenly suddenly RB 39142 976 23 rises rise VBZ 39142 976 24 as as IN 39142 976 25 it -PRON- PRP 39142 976 26 passes pass VBZ 39142 976 27 , , , 39142 976 28 and and CC 39142 976 29 falls fall VBZ 39142 976 30 as as RB 39142 976 31 suddenly suddenly RB 39142 976 32 on on IN 39142 976 33 retreating retreat VBG 39142 976 34 from from IN 39142 976 35 us -PRON- PRP 39142 976 36 . . . 39142 977 1 So so RB 39142 977 2 Huggins Huggins NNP 39142 977 3 drew draw VBD 39142 977 4 the the DT 39142 977 5 immediate immediate JJ 39142 977 6 inference inference NN 39142 977 7 that that IN 39142 977 8 the the DT 39142 977 9 distance distance NN 39142 977 10 between between IN 39142 977 11 the the DT 39142 977 12 earth earth NN 39142 977 13 and and CC 39142 977 14 Sirius Sirius NNP 39142 977 15 was be VBD 39142 977 16 increasing increase VBG 39142 977 17 at at IN 39142 977 18 the the DT 39142 977 19 rate rate NN 39142 977 20 of of IN 39142 977 21 nearly nearly RB 39142 977 22 twenty twenty CD 39142 977 23 miles mile NNS 39142 977 24 per per IN 39142 977 25 second second NN 39142 977 26 , , , 39142 977 27 while while IN 39142 977 28 Arcturus Arcturus NNP 39142 977 29 was be VBD 39142 977 30 nearing near VBG 39142 977 31 us -PRON- PRP 39142 977 32 with with IN 39142 977 33 a a DT 39142 977 34 velocity velocity NN 39142 977 35 of of IN 39142 977 36 sixty sixty CD 39142 977 37 miles mile NNS 39142 977 38 per per IN 39142 977 39 second second NN 39142 977 40 . . . 39142 978 1 These these DT 39142 978 2 pioneer pioneer VBP 39142 978 3 observations observation NNS 39142 978 4 of of IN 39142 978 5 motions motion NNS 39142 978 6 in in IN 39142 978 7 the the DT 39142 978 8 line line NN 39142 978 9 of of IN 39142 978 10 sight sight NN 39142 978 11 , , , 39142 978 12 or or CC 39142 978 13 radial radial JJ 39142 978 14 velocities velocity NNS 39142 978 15 as as IN 39142 978 16 they -PRON- PRP 39142 978 17 are be VBP 39142 978 18 now now RB 39142 978 19 called call VBN 39142 978 20 , , , 39142 978 21 led lead VBD 39142 978 22 directly directly RB 39142 978 23 to to IN 39142 978 24 the the DT 39142 978 25 acceptance acceptance NN 39142 978 26 of of IN 39142 978 27 the the DT 39142 978 28 high high JJ 39142 978 29 value value NN 39142 978 30 of of IN 39142 978 31 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 978 32 work work NN 39142 978 33 as as IN 39142 978 34 an an DT 39142 978 35 adjunct adjunct NN 39142 978 36 of of IN 39142 978 37 exact exact JJ 39142 978 38 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 978 39 in in IN 39142 978 40 stellar stellar JJ 39142 978 41 research research NN 39142 978 42 . . . 39142 979 1 Nor nor CC 39142 979 2 has have VBZ 39142 979 3 it -PRON- PRP 39142 979 4 been be VBN 39142 979 5 found find VBN 39142 979 6 wanting want VBG 39142 979 7 in in IN 39142 979 8 application application NN 39142 979 9 to to IN 39142 979 10 a a DT 39142 979 11 great great JJ 39142 979 12 variety variety NN 39142 979 13 of of IN 39142 979 14 exact exact JJ 39142 979 15 problems problem NNS 39142 979 16 in in IN 39142 979 17 the the DT 39142 979 18 solar solar JJ 39142 979 19 system system NN 39142 979 20 which which WDT 39142 979 21 would would MD 39142 979 22 have have VB 39142 979 23 been be VBN 39142 979 24 wholly wholly RB 39142 979 25 impossible impossible JJ 39142 979 26 to to TO 39142 979 27 solve solve VB 39142 979 28 without without IN 39142 979 29 it -PRON- PRP 39142 979 30 . . . 39142 980 1 Foremost foremost RB 39142 980 2 is be VBZ 39142 980 3 the the DT 39142 980 4 sun sun NN 39142 980 5 , , , 39142 980 6 of of IN 39142 980 7 course course NN 39142 980 8 , , , 39142 980 9 because because IN 39142 980 10 of of IN 39142 980 11 the the DT 39142 980 12 overplus overplus NN 39142 980 13 of of IN 39142 980 14 light light NN 39142 980 15 . . . 39142 981 1 Young young JJ 39142 981 2 early early RB 39142 981 3 measured measure VBD 39142 981 4 the the DT 39142 981 5 displacement displacement NN 39142 981 6 of of IN 39142 981 7 lines line NNS 39142 981 8 in in IN 39142 981 9 the the DT 39142 981 10 spectra spectra NN 39142 981 11 of of IN 39142 981 12 the the DT 39142 981 13 prominences prominence NNS 39142 981 14 , , , 39142 981 15 and and CC 39142 981 16 found find VBD 39142 981 17 velocities velocity NNS 39142 981 18 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 981 19 exceeding exceed VBG 39142 981 20 250 250 CD 39142 981 21 miles mile NNS 39142 981 22 per per IN 39142 981 23 second second NN 39142 981 24 . . . 39142 982 1 Many many JJ 39142 982 2 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 982 3 , , , 39142 982 4 Dunér Dunér NNP 39142 982 5 among among IN 39142 982 6 them -PRON- PRP 39142 982 7 , , , 39142 982 8 investigated investigate VBD 39142 982 9 the the DT 39142 982 10 rotation rotation NN 39142 982 11 of of IN 39142 982 12 the the DT 39142 982 13 sun sun NN 39142 982 14 by by IN 39142 982 15 the the DT 39142 982 16 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 982 17 method method NN 39142 982 18 . . . 39142 983 1 The the DT 39142 983 2 sun sun NN 39142 983 3 's 's POS 39142 983 4 east east NNP 39142 983 5 limb limb NN 39142 983 6 is be VBZ 39142 983 7 coming come VBG 39142 983 8 toward toward IN 39142 983 9 us -PRON- PRP 39142 983 10 , , , 39142 983 11 while while IN 39142 983 12 the the DT 39142 983 13 west west NNP 39142 983 14 is be VBZ 39142 983 15 going go VBG 39142 983 16 from from IN 39142 983 17 us -PRON- PRP 39142 983 18 ; ; : 39142 983 19 and and CC 39142 983 20 by by IN 39142 983 21 measuring measure VBG 39142 983 22 the the DT 39142 983 23 sum sum NN 39142 983 24 of of IN 39142 983 25 the the DT 39142 983 26 displacements displacement NNS 39142 983 27 , , , 39142 983 28 the the DT 39142 983 29 rate rate NN 39142 983 30 of of IN 39142 983 31 rotation rotation NN 39142 983 32 has have VBZ 39142 983 33 been be VBN 39142 983 34 calculated calculate VBN 39142 983 35 , , , 39142 983 36 not not RB 39142 983 37 only only RB 39142 983 38 at at IN 39142 983 39 the the DT 39142 983 40 sun sun NN 39142 983 41 's 's POS 39142 983 42 equator equator NN 39142 983 43 but but CC 39142 983 44 at at IN 39142 983 45 many many JJ 39142 983 46 solar solar JJ 39142 983 47 latitudes latitude NNS 39142 983 48 also also RB 39142 983 49 , , , 39142 983 50 both both CC 39142 983 51 north north NN 39142 983 52 and and CC 39142 983 53 south south NN 39142 983 54 . . . 39142 984 1 As as IN 39142 984 2 was be VBD 39142 984 3 to to TO 39142 984 4 be be VB 39142 984 5 expected expect VBN 39142 984 6 , , , 39142 984 7 these these DT 39142 984 8 results result NNS 39142 984 9 agree agree VBP 39142 984 10 well well RB 39142 984 11 with with IN 39142 984 12 the the DT 39142 984 13 sun sun NN 39142 984 14 's 's POS 39142 984 15 rotation rotation NN 39142 984 16 as as IN 39142 984 17 found find VBN 39142 984 18 by by IN 39142 984 19 the the DT 39142 984 20 transits transit NNS 39142 984 21 of of IN 39142 984 22 sun sun NN 39142 984 23 spots spot NNS 39142 984 24 in in IN 39142 984 25 the the DT 39142 984 26 lower low JJR 39142 984 27 latitudes latitude NNS 39142 984 28 where where WRB 39142 984 29 they -PRON- PRP 39142 984 30 make make VBP 39142 984 31 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 984 32 appearance appearance NN 39142 984 33 . . . 39142 985 1 Bélopolsky Bélopolsky NNP 39142 985 2 has have VBZ 39142 985 3 applied apply VBN 39142 985 4 the the DT 39142 985 5 same same JJ 39142 985 6 method method NN 39142 985 7 to to IN 39142 985 8 the the DT 39142 985 9 rotation rotation NN 39142 985 10 of of IN 39142 985 11 the the DT 39142 985 12 planet planet NN 39142 985 13 Venus Venus NNP 39142 985 14 , , , 39142 985 15 and and CC 39142 985 16 Keeler Keeler NNP 39142 985 17 , , , 39142 985 18 by by IN 39142 985 19 measuring measure VBG 39142 985 20 the the DT 39142 985 21 displacement displacement NN 39142 985 22 of of IN 39142 985 23 lines line NNS 39142 985 24 in in IN 39142 985 25 the the DT 39142 985 26 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 985 27 of of IN 39142 985 28 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 985 29 , , , 39142 985 30 on on IN 39142 985 31 opposite opposite JJ 39142 985 32 sides side NNS 39142 985 33 of of IN 39142 985 34 the the DT 39142 985 35 ring ring NN 39142 985 36 , , , 39142 985 37 provided provide VBD 39142 985 38 a a DT 39142 985 39 brilliant brilliant JJ 39142 985 40 observational observational JJ 39142 985 41 proof proof NN 39142 985 42 of of IN 39142 985 43 the the DT 39142 985 44 physical physical JJ 39142 985 45 constitution constitution NN 39142 985 46 of of IN 39142 985 47 the the DT 39142 985 48 rings ring NNS 39142 985 49 ; ; : 39142 985 50 because because IN 39142 985 51 he -PRON- PRP 39142 985 52 showed show VBD 39142 985 53 that that IN 39142 985 54 the the DT 39142 985 55 inner inner JJ 39142 985 56 ring ring NN 39142 985 57 traveled travel VBD 39142 985 58 round round RB 39142 985 59 more more RBR 39142 985 60 swiftly swiftly RB 39142 985 61 than than IN 39142 985 62 the the DT 39142 985 63 outer outer JJ 39142 985 64 one one NN 39142 985 65 , , , 39142 985 66 thus thus RB 39142 985 67 demonstrating demonstrate VBG 39142 985 68 that that IN 39142 985 69 the the DT 39142 985 70 ring ring NN 39142 985 71 could could MD 39142 985 72 not not RB 39142 985 73 be be VB 39142 985 74 solid solid JJ 39142 985 75 , , , 39142 985 76 but but CC 39142 985 77 must must MD 39142 985 78 be be VB 39142 985 79 composed compose VBN 39142 985 80 of of IN 39142 985 81 multitudes multitude NNS 39142 985 82 of of IN 39142 985 83 small small JJ 39142 985 84 particles particle NNS 39142 985 85 traveling travel VBG 39142 985 86 around around IN 39142 985 87 the the DT 39142 985 88 ball ball NN 39142 985 89 of of IN 39142 985 90 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 985 91 , , , 39142 985 92 much much RB 39142 985 93 as as IN 39142 985 94 if if IN 39142 985 95 they -PRON- PRP 39142 985 96 were be VBD 39142 985 97 satellites satellite NNS 39142 985 98 . . . 39142 986 1 Indeed indeed RB 39142 986 2 , , , 39142 986 3 Keeler Keeler NNP 39142 986 4 ascertained ascertain VBD 39142 986 5 the the DT 39142 986 6 velocity velocity NN 39142 986 7 of of IN 39142 986 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 986 9 orbital orbital JJ 39142 986 10 motion motion NN 39142 986 11 and and CC 39142 986 12 found find VBD 39142 986 13 that that IN 39142 986 14 in in IN 39142 986 15 each each DT 39142 986 16 case case NN 39142 986 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 986 18 agreed agree VBD 39142 986 19 exactly exactly RB 39142 986 20 with with IN 39142 986 21 that that DT 39142 986 22 required require VBN 39142 986 23 by by IN 39142 986 24 the the DT 39142 986 25 Keplerian keplerian JJ 39142 986 26 law law NN 39142 986 27 . . . 39142 987 1 Even even RB 39142 987 2 the the DT 39142 987 3 filmy filmy JJ 39142 987 4 corona corona NN 39142 987 5 of of IN 39142 987 6 the the DT 39142 987 7 sun sun NN 39142 987 8 was be VBD 39142 987 9 investigated investigate VBN 39142 987 10 in in IN 39142 987 11 similar similar JJ 39142 987 12 fashion fashion NN 39142 987 13 by by IN 39142 987 14 Deslandres deslandre NNS 39142 987 15 at at IN 39142 987 16 the the DT 39142 987 17 total total JJ 39142 987 18 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 987 19 of of IN 39142 987 20 1893 1893 CD 39142 987 21 , , , 39142 987 22 and and CC 39142 987 23 he -PRON- PRP 39142 987 24 found find VBD 39142 987 25 that that IN 39142 987 26 it -PRON- PRP 39142 987 27 rotates rotate VBZ 39142 987 28 bodily bodily RB 39142 987 29 with with IN 39142 987 30 the the DT 39142 987 31 sun sun NN 39142 987 32 . . . 39142 988 1 But but CC 39142 988 2 the the DT 39142 988 3 complete complete JJ 39142 988 4 vindication vindication NN 39142 988 5 of of IN 39142 988 6 the the DT 39142 988 7 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 988 8 method method NN 39142 988 9 as as IN 39142 988 10 an an DT 39142 988 11 adjunct adjunct NN 39142 988 12 of of IN 39142 988 13 the the DT 39142 988 14 old old JJ 39142 988 15 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 988 16 came come VBD 39142 988 17 with with IN 39142 988 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 988 19 application application NN 39142 988 20 to to IN 39142 988 21 measurement measurement NN 39142 988 22 of of IN 39142 988 23 the the DT 39142 988 24 distance distance NN 39142 988 25 of of IN 39142 988 26 the the DT 39142 988 27 sun sun NN 39142 988 28 . . . 39142 989 1 The the DT 39142 989 2 method method NN 39142 989 3 is be VBZ 39142 989 4 very very RB 39142 989 5 interesting interesting JJ 39142 989 6 and and CC 39142 989 7 was be VBD 39142 989 8 first first RB 39142 989 9 suggested suggest VBN 39142 989 10 by by IN 39142 989 11 Campbell Campbell NNP 39142 989 12 in in IN 39142 989 13 1892 1892 CD 39142 989 14 . . . 39142 990 1 Spectrum spectrum JJ 39142 990 2 - - HYPH 39142 990 3 line line NN 39142 990 4 measurements measurement NNS 39142 990 5 have have VBP 39142 990 6 become become VBN 39142 990 7 very very RB 39142 990 8 accurate accurate JJ 39142 990 9 with with IN 39142 990 10 the the DT 39142 990 11 introduction introduction NN 39142 990 12 of of IN 39142 990 13 dry dry JJ 39142 990 14 - - HYPH 39142 990 15 plate plate NN 39142 990 16 photography photography NN 39142 990 17 , , , 39142 990 18 and and CC 39142 990 19 ecliptic ecliptic JJ 39142 990 20 stars star NNS 39142 990 21 were be VBD 39142 990 22 spectrographed spectrographe VBN 39142 990 23 , , , 39142 990 24 toward toward IN 39142 990 25 and and CC 39142 990 26 from from IN 39142 990 27 which which WDT 39142 990 28 the the DT 39142 990 29 earth earth NN 39142 990 30 is be VBZ 39142 990 31 traveling travel VBG 39142 990 32 by by IN 39142 990 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 990 34 orbital orbital JJ 39142 990 35 motion motion NN 39142 990 36 round round IN 39142 990 37 the the DT 39142 990 38 sun sun NN 39142 990 39 . . . 39142 991 1 By by IN 39142 991 2 accurate accurate JJ 39142 991 3 measurement measurement NN 39142 991 4 of of IN 39142 991 5 these these DT 39142 991 6 displacements displacement NNS 39142 991 7 , , , 39142 991 8 the the DT 39142 991 9 orbital orbital JJ 39142 991 10 velocity velocity NN 39142 991 11 of of IN 39142 991 12 the the DT 39142 991 13 earth earth NN 39142 991 14 is be VBZ 39142 991 15 calculated calculate VBN 39142 991 16 ; ; : 39142 991 17 and and CC 39142 991 18 as as IN 39142 991 19 we -PRON- PRP 39142 991 20 know know VBP 39142 991 21 the the DT 39142 991 22 exact exact JJ 39142 991 23 length length NN 39142 991 24 of of IN 39142 991 25 the the DT 39142 991 26 year year NN 39142 991 27 , , , 39142 991 28 or or CC 39142 991 29 a a DT 39142 991 30 complete complete JJ 39142 991 31 period period NN 39142 991 32 , , , 39142 991 33 the the DT 39142 991 34 length length NN 39142 991 35 of of IN 39142 991 36 the the DT 39142 991 37 orbit orbit NN 39142 991 38 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 991 39 in in IN 39142 991 40 miles mile NNS 39142 991 41 becomes become VBZ 39142 991 42 known know VBN 39142 991 43 , , , 39142 991 44 and and CC 39142 991 45 thus thus RB 39142 991 46 , , , 39142 991 47 by by IN 39142 991 48 simple simple JJ 39142 991 49 mensuration mensuration NN 39142 991 50 , , , 39142 991 51 the the DT 39142 991 52 length length NN 39142 991 53 of of IN 39142 991 54 the the DT 39142 991 55 radius radius NN 39142 991 56 of of IN 39142 991 57 the the DT 39142 991 58 orbit orbit NN 39142 991 59 -- -- : 39142 991 60 which which WDT 39142 991 61 is be VBZ 39142 991 62 the the DT 39142 991 63 distance distance NN 39142 991 64 of of IN 39142 991 65 the the DT 39142 991 66 sun sun NN 39142 991 67 . . . 39142 992 1 If if IN 39142 992 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 992 3 pass pass VBP 39142 992 4 from from IN 39142 992 5 sun sun NNP 39142 992 6 to to IN 39142 992 7 star star NNP 39142 992 8 , , , 39142 992 9 the the DT 39142 992 10 triumph triumph NN 39142 992 11 of of IN 39142 992 12 the the DT 39142 992 13 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 992 14 has have VBZ 39142 992 15 been be VBN 39142 992 16 everywhere everywhere RB 39142 992 17 complete complete JJ 39142 992 18 and and CC 39142 992 19 significant significant JJ 39142 992 20 . . . 39142 993 1 As as IN 39142 993 2 the the DT 39142 993 3 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 993 4 survey survey NN 39142 993 5 of of IN 39142 993 6 the the DT 39142 993 7 stars star NNS 39142 993 8 grew grow VBD 39142 993 9 toward toward IN 39142 993 10 completeness completeness NNP 39142 993 11 , , , 39142 993 12 it -PRON- PRP 39142 993 13 became become VBD 39142 993 14 evident evident JJ 39142 993 15 that that IN 39142 993 16 the the DT 39142 993 17 swarming swarm VBG 39142 993 18 hosts host NNS 39142 993 19 of of IN 39142 993 20 the the DT 39142 993 21 stellar stellar JJ 39142 993 22 universe universe NN 39142 993 23 are be VBP 39142 993 24 in in IN 39142 993 25 constant constant JJ 39142 993 26 motion motion NN 39142 993 27 through through IN 39142 993 28 space space NN 39142 993 29 , , , 39142 993 30 not not RB 39142 993 31 only only RB 39142 993 32 athwart athwart VBP 39142 993 33 the the DT 39142 993 34 line line NN 39142 993 35 of of IN 39142 993 36 vision vision NN 39142 993 37 as as IN 39142 993 38 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 993 39 proper proper JJ 39142 993 40 motions motion NNS 39142 993 41 had have VBD 39142 993 42 long long RB 39142 993 43 disclosed disclose VBN 39142 993 44 , , , 39142 993 45 but but CC 39142 993 46 some some DT 39142 993 47 stars star NNS 39142 993 48 are be VBP 39142 993 49 swiftly swiftly RB 39142 993 50 moving move VBG 39142 993 51 toward toward IN 39142 993 52 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 993 53 solar solar JJ 39142 993 54 system system NN 39142 993 55 and and CC 39142 993 56 others other NNS 39142 993 57 as as RB 39142 993 58 swiftly swiftly RB 39142 993 59 from from IN 39142 993 60 it -PRON- PRP 39142 993 61 . . . 39142 994 1 Fixed fixed JJ 39142 994 2 stars star NNS 39142 994 3 , , , 39142 994 4 strictly strictly RB 39142 994 5 speaking speak VBG 39142 994 6 -- -- : 39142 994 7 there there EX 39142 994 8 are be VBP 39142 994 9 no no DT 39142 994 10 such such JJ 39142 994 11 . . . 39142 995 1 All all DT 39142 995 2 are be VBP 39142 995 3 in in IN 39142 995 4 relative relative JJ 39142 995 5 motion motion NN 39142 995 6 . . . 39142 996 1 Exact exact JJ 39142 996 2 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 996 3 by by IN 39142 996 4 discussion discussion NN 39142 996 5 of of IN 39142 996 6 the the DT 39142 996 7 proper proper JJ 39142 996 8 motions motion NNS 39142 996 9 had have VBD 39142 996 10 assigned assign VBN 39142 996 11 a a DT 39142 996 12 region region NN 39142 996 13 of of IN 39142 996 14 the the DT 39142 996 15 sky sky NN 39142 996 16 toward toward IN 39142 996 17 which which WDT 39142 996 18 the the DT 39142 996 19 sun sun NN 39142 996 20 and and CC 39142 996 21 planets planet NNS 39142 996 22 are be VBP 39142 996 23 moving move VBG 39142 996 24 . . . 39142 997 1 Spectrography Spectrography NNP 39142 997 2 soon soon RB 39142 997 3 verified verify VBD 39142 997 4 this this DT 39142 997 5 direction direction NN 39142 997 6 not not RB 39142 997 7 only only RB 39142 997 8 , , , 39142 997 9 but but CC 39142 997 10 gave give VBD 39142 997 11 a a DT 39142 997 12 determination determination NN 39142 997 13 of of IN 39142 997 14 the the DT 39142 997 15 velocity velocity NN 39142 997 16 of of IN 39142 997 17 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 997 18 motion motion NN 39142 997 19 of of IN 39142 997 20 twelve twelve CD 39142 997 21 miles mile NNS 39142 997 22 per per IN 39142 997 23 second second NN 39142 997 24 in in IN 39142 997 25 a a DT 39142 997 26 direction direction NN 39142 997 27 approximately approximately RB 39142 997 28 that that DT 39142 997 29 of of IN 39142 997 30 the the DT 39142 997 31 constellation constellation NN 39142 997 32 Lyra Lyra NNP 39142 997 33 . . . 39142 998 1 From from IN 39142 998 2 corresponding correspond VBG 39142 998 3 radial radial JJ 39142 998 4 velocities velocity NNS 39142 998 5 , , , 39142 998 6 we -PRON- PRP 39142 998 7 draw draw VBP 39142 998 8 the the DT 39142 998 9 ready ready JJ 39142 998 10 conclusion conclusion NN 39142 998 11 that that IN 39142 998 12 certain certain JJ 39142 998 13 groups group NNS 39142 998 14 or or CC 39142 998 15 clusters cluster NNS 39142 998 16 of of IN 39142 998 17 stars star NNS 39142 998 18 are be VBP 39142 998 19 actually actually RB 39142 998 20 connected connect VBN 39142 998 21 in in IN 39142 998 22 space space NN 39142 998 23 and and CC 39142 998 24 moving move VBG 39142 998 25 as as RB 39142 998 26 related relate VBN 39142 998 27 systems system NNS 39142 998 28 , , , 39142 998 29 as as IN 39142 998 30 in in IN 39142 998 31 the the DT 39142 998 32 Pleiades Pleiades NNPS 39142 998 33 and and CC 39142 998 34 Ursa Ursa NNP 39142 998 35 Major Major NNP 39142 998 36 . . . 39142 999 1 Rather rather RB 39142 999 2 more more JJR 39142 999 3 than than IN 39142 999 4 a a DT 39142 999 5 quarter quarter NN 39142 999 6 century century NN 39142 999 7 ago ago RB 39142 999 8 , , , 39142 999 9 the the DT 39142 999 10 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 999 11 came come VBD 39142 999 12 to to IN 39142 999 13 the the DT 39142 999 14 assistance assistance NN 39142 999 15 of of IN 39142 999 16 the the DT 39142 999 17 telescope telescope NN 39142 999 18 in in IN 39142 999 19 helping help VBG 39142 999 20 to to TO 39142 999 21 solve solve VB 39142 999 22 the the DT 39142 999 23 intricate intricate JJ 39142 999 24 problem problem NN 39142 999 25 of of IN 39142 999 26 stellar stellar JJ 39142 999 27 distribution distribution NN 39142 999 28 . . . 39142 1000 1 Kapteyn Kapteyn NNP 39142 1000 2 , , , 39142 1000 3 by by IN 39142 1000 4 combining combine VBG 39142 1000 5 the the DT 39142 1000 6 proper proper JJ 39142 1000 7 motions motion NNS 39142 1000 8 of of IN 39142 1000 9 certain certain JJ 39142 1000 10 stars star NNS 39142 1000 11 with with IN 39142 1000 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1000 13 classification classification NN 39142 1000 14 in in IN 39142 1000 15 the the DT 39142 1000 16 Draper Draper NNP 39142 1000 17 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 1000 18 of of IN 39142 1000 19 stellar stellar JJ 39142 1000 20 spectra spectra NNP 39142 1000 21 , , , 39142 1000 22 drew draw VBD 39142 1000 23 the the DT 39142 1000 24 conclusion conclusion NN 39142 1000 25 that that IN 39142 1000 26 , , , 39142 1000 27 as as IN 39142 1000 28 stars star NNS 39142 1000 29 having have VBG 39142 1000 30 very very RB 39142 1000 31 small small JJ 39142 1000 32 proper proper JJ 39142 1000 33 motions motion NNS 39142 1000 34 show show VBP 39142 1000 35 a a DT 39142 1000 36 condensation condensation NN 39142 1000 37 toward toward IN 39142 1000 38 the the DT 39142 1000 39 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 1000 40 , , , 39142 1000 41 the the DT 39142 1000 42 stars star NNS 39142 1000 43 composing compose VBG 39142 1000 44 this this DT 39142 1000 45 girdle girdle NN 39142 1000 46 are be VBP 39142 1000 47 mostly mostly RB 39142 1000 48 of of IN 39142 1000 49 the the DT 39142 1000 50 Sirian sirian JJ 39142 1000 51 type type NN 39142 1000 52 , , , 39142 1000 53 and and CC 39142 1000 54 are be VBP 39142 1000 55 at at IN 39142 1000 56 vast vast JJ 39142 1000 57 distances distance NNS 39142 1000 58 from from IN 39142 1000 59 the the DT 39142 1000 60 solar solar JJ 39142 1000 61 system system NN 39142 1000 62 . . . 39142 1001 1 The the DT 39142 1001 2 proper proper JJ 39142 1001 3 motion motion NN 39142 1001 4 of of IN 39142 1001 5 a a DT 39142 1001 6 star star NN 39142 1001 7 near near IN 39142 1001 8 to to IN 39142 1001 9 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1001 10 will will MD 39142 1001 11 ordinarily ordinarily RB 39142 1001 12 be be VB 39142 1001 13 large large JJ 39142 1001 14 , , , 39142 1001 15 and and CC 39142 1001 16 , , , 39142 1001 17 in in IN 39142 1001 18 the the DT 39142 1001 19 case case NN 39142 1001 20 of of IN 39142 1001 21 solar solar JJ 39142 1001 22 stars star NNS 39142 1001 23 , , , 39142 1001 24 the the DT 39142 1001 25 larger large JJR 39142 1001 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1001 27 proper proper JJ 39142 1001 28 motion motion NN 39142 1001 29 the the DT 39142 1001 30 greater great JJR 39142 1001 31 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1001 32 number number NN 39142 1001 33 . . . 39142 1002 1 So so RB 39142 1002 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1002 3 would would MD 39142 1002 4 appear appear VB 39142 1002 5 that that IN 39142 1002 6 the the DT 39142 1002 7 solar solar JJ 39142 1002 8 stars star NNS 39142 1002 9 are be VBP 39142 1002 10 aggregated aggregate VBN 39142 1002 11 round round IN 39142 1002 12 the the DT 39142 1002 13 sun sun NN 39142 1002 14 himself -PRON- PRP 39142 1002 15 , , , 39142 1002 16 and and CC 39142 1002 17 this this DT 39142 1002 18 conclusion conclusion NN 39142 1002 19 is be VBZ 39142 1002 20 greatly greatly RB 39142 1002 21 strengthened strengthen VBN 39142 1002 22 by by IN 39142 1002 23 the the DT 39142 1002 24 fact fact NN 39142 1002 25 that that IN 39142 1002 26 of of IN 39142 1002 27 stars star NNS 39142 1002 28 whose whose WP$ 39142 1002 29 distances distance NNS 39142 1002 30 and and CC 39142 1002 31 spectral spectral NN 39142 1002 32 type type NN 39142 1002 33 are be VBP 39142 1002 34 both both DT 39142 1002 35 ascertained ascertained JJ 39142 1002 36 , , , 39142 1002 37 seven seven CD 39142 1002 38 of of IN 39142 1002 39 the the DT 39142 1002 40 eight eight CD 39142 1002 41 nearest near JJS 39142 1002 42 to to IN 39142 1002 43 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1002 44 are be VBP 39142 1002 45 solar solar JJ 39142 1002 46 stars star NNS 39142 1002 47 . . . 39142 1003 1 In in IN 39142 1003 2 1889 1889 CD 39142 1003 3 the the DT 39142 1003 4 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 1003 5 achieved achieve VBD 39142 1003 6 an an DT 39142 1003 7 unexpected unexpected JJ 39142 1003 8 triumph triumph NN 39142 1003 9 by by IN 39142 1003 10 enabling enable VBG 39142 1003 11 the the DT 39142 1003 12 late late JJ 39142 1003 13 Professor Professor NNP 39142 1003 14 Pickering Pickering NNP 39142 1003 15 to to TO 39142 1003 16 make make VB 39142 1003 17 the the DT 39142 1003 18 first first JJ 39142 1003 19 discovery discovery NN 39142 1003 20 of of IN 39142 1003 21 a a DT 39142 1003 22 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 1003 23 double double NN 39142 1003 24 , , , 39142 1003 25 or or CC 39142 1003 26 binary binary JJ 39142 1003 27 star star NN 39142 1003 28 , , , 39142 1003 29 a a DT 39142 1003 30 type type NN 39142 1003 31 of of IN 39142 1003 32 object object NN 39142 1003 33 now now RB 39142 1003 34 quite quite RB 39142 1003 35 abundant abundant JJ 39142 1003 36 . . . 39142 1004 1 Unlike unlike IN 39142 1004 2 the the DT 39142 1004 3 visual visual JJ 39142 1004 4 binary binary JJ 39142 1004 5 systems system NNS 39142 1004 6 whose whose WP$ 39142 1004 7 periods period NNS 39142 1004 8 are be VBP 39142 1004 9 years year NNS 39142 1004 10 in in IN 39142 1004 11 length length NN 39142 1004 12 , , , 39142 1004 13 the the DT 39142 1004 14 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 1004 15 binaries binary NNS 39142 1004 16 have have VBP 39142 1004 17 short short JJ 39142 1004 18 periods period NNS 39142 1004 19 , , , 39142 1004 20 reckoned reckon VBN 39142 1004 21 in in IN 39142 1004 22 some some DT 39142 1004 23 cases case NNS 39142 1004 24 in in IN 39142 1004 25 days day NNS 39142 1004 26 , , , 39142 1004 27 or or CC 39142 1004 28 hours hour NNS 39142 1004 29 even even RB 39142 1004 30 . . . 39142 1005 1 If if IN 39142 1005 2 the the DT 39142 1005 3 orbit orbit NN 39142 1005 4 of of IN 39142 1005 5 a a DT 39142 1005 6 very very RB 39142 1005 7 close close JJ 39142 1005 8 binary binary NN 39142 1005 9 is be VBZ 39142 1005 10 seen see VBN 39142 1005 11 edge edge NN 39142 1005 12 on on IN 39142 1005 13 , , , 39142 1005 14 the the DT 39142 1005 15 light light NN 39142 1005 16 of of IN 39142 1005 17 the the DT 39142 1005 18 two two CD 39142 1005 19 stars star NNS 39142 1005 20 will will MD 39142 1005 21 coalesce coalesce VB 39142 1005 22 twice twice RB 39142 1005 23 in in IN 39142 1005 24 every every DT 39142 1005 25 revolution revolution NN 39142 1005 26 . . . 39142 1006 1 Halfway halfway RB 39142 1006 2 between between IN 39142 1006 3 these these DT 39142 1006 4 points point NNS 39142 1006 5 there there EX 39142 1006 6 are be VBP 39142 1006 7 two two CD 39142 1006 8 times time NNS 39142 1006 9 when when WRB 39142 1006 10 the the DT 39142 1006 11 two two CD 39142 1006 12 stars star NNS 39142 1006 13 will will MD 39142 1006 14 be be VB 39142 1006 15 moving move VBG 39142 1006 16 , , , 39142 1006 17 one one CD 39142 1006 18 toward toward IN 39142 1006 19 the the DT 39142 1006 20 earth earth NN 39142 1006 21 and and CC 39142 1006 22 the the DT 39142 1006 23 other other JJ 39142 1006 24 from from IN 39142 1006 25 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1006 26 . . . 39142 1007 1 At at IN 39142 1007 2 all all DT 39142 1007 3 times time NNS 39142 1007 4 the the DT 39142 1007 5 light light NN 39142 1007 6 of of IN 39142 1007 7 the the DT 39142 1007 8 star star NN 39142 1007 9 , , , 39142 1007 10 in in IN 39142 1007 11 so so RB 39142 1007 12 far far RB 39142 1007 13 as as IN 39142 1007 14 the the DT 39142 1007 15 telescope telescope NN 39142 1007 16 shows show VBZ 39142 1007 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1007 18 , , , 39142 1007 19 proceeds proceed VBZ 39142 1007 20 from from IN 39142 1007 21 a a DT 39142 1007 22 single single JJ 39142 1007 23 object object NN 39142 1007 24 . . . 39142 1008 1 Now now RB 39142 1008 2 photograph photograph VB 39142 1008 3 the the DT 39142 1008 4 star star NN 39142 1008 5 's 's POS 39142 1008 6 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1008 7 at at IN 39142 1008 8 each each DT 39142 1008 9 of of IN 39142 1008 10 the the DT 39142 1008 11 four four CD 39142 1008 12 critical critical JJ 39142 1008 13 points point NNS 39142 1008 14 above above IN 39142 1008 15 indicated indicate VBD 39142 1008 16 : : : 39142 1008 17 in in IN 39142 1008 18 the the DT 39142 1008 19 first first JJ 39142 1008 20 pair pair NN 39142 1008 21 the the DT 39142 1008 22 lines line NNS 39142 1008 23 are be VBP 39142 1008 24 sharply sharply RB 39142 1008 25 defined define VBN 39142 1008 26 and and CC 39142 1008 27 single single JJ 39142 1008 28 , , , 39142 1008 29 because because IN 39142 1008 30 at at IN 39142 1008 31 conjunction conjunction NN 39142 1008 32 the the DT 39142 1008 33 stars star NNS 39142 1008 34 are be VBP 39142 1008 35 simply simply RB 39142 1008 36 moving move VBG 39142 1008 37 athwart athwart JJ 39142 1008 38 the the DT 39142 1008 39 line line NN 39142 1008 40 of of IN 39142 1008 41 sight sight NN 39142 1008 42 , , , 39142 1008 43 while while IN 39142 1008 44 at at IN 39142 1008 45 the the DT 39142 1008 46 intermediate intermediate JJ 39142 1008 47 points point NNS 39142 1008 48 the the DT 39142 1008 49 lines line NNS 39142 1008 50 are be VBP 39142 1008 51 double double JJ 39142 1008 52 . . . 39142 1009 1 Doppler Doppler NNP 39142 1009 2 's 's POS 39142 1009 3 principle principle NN 39142 1009 4 completely completely RB 39142 1009 5 accounts account VBZ 39142 1009 6 for for IN 39142 1009 7 this this DT 39142 1009 8 : : : 39142 1009 9 the the DT 39142 1009 10 light light NN 39142 1009 11 from from IN 39142 1009 12 the the DT 39142 1009 13 receding recede VBG 39142 1009 14 companion companion NN 39142 1009 15 is be VBZ 39142 1009 16 giving give VBG 39142 1009 17 lines line NNS 39142 1009 18 displaced displace VBN 39142 1009 19 toward toward IN 39142 1009 20 the the DT 39142 1009 21 red red NN 39142 1009 22 , , , 39142 1009 23 while while IN 39142 1009 24 the the DT 39142 1009 25 approaching approach VBG 39142 1009 26 companion companion NN 39142 1009 27 yields yield NNS 39142 1009 28 lines line NNS 39142 1009 29 displaced displace VBN 39142 1009 30 toward toward IN 39142 1009 31 the the DT 39142 1009 32 violet violet NN 39142 1009 33 . . . 39142 1010 1 Mizar Mizar NNP 39142 1010 2 , , , 39142 1010 3 the the DT 39142 1010 4 double double JJ 39142 1010 5 star star NN 39142 1010 6 at at IN 39142 1010 7 the the DT 39142 1010 8 bend bend NN 39142 1010 9 of of IN 39142 1010 10 the the DT 39142 1010 11 handle handle NN 39142 1010 12 in in IN 39142 1010 13 the the DT 39142 1010 14 Great Great NNP 39142 1010 15 Dipper Dipper NNP 39142 1010 16 was be VBD 39142 1010 17 the the DT 39142 1010 18 first first JJ 39142 1010 19 star star NN 39142 1010 20 to to TO 39142 1010 21 yield yield VB 39142 1010 22 this this DT 39142 1010 23 peculiar peculiar JJ 39142 1010 24 type type NN 39142 1010 25 of of IN 39142 1010 26 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1010 27 , , , 39142 1010 28 and and CC 39142 1010 29 the the DT 39142 1010 30 period period NN 39142 1010 31 of of IN 39142 1010 32 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1010 33 invisible invisible JJ 39142 1010 34 companion companion NN 39142 1010 35 is be VBZ 39142 1010 36 about about RB 39142 1010 37 52 52 CD 39142 1010 38 days day NNS 39142 1010 39 . . . 39142 1011 1 The the DT 39142 1011 2 relative relative JJ 39142 1011 3 velocity velocity NN 39142 1011 4 of of IN 39142 1011 5 the the DT 39142 1011 6 components component NNS 39142 1011 7 is be VBZ 39142 1011 8 100 100 CD 39142 1011 9 miles mile NNS 39142 1011 10 a a DT 39142 1011 11 second second NN 39142 1011 12 , , , 39142 1011 13 and and CC 39142 1011 14 applying apply VBG 39142 1011 15 Newton Newton NNP 39142 1011 16 's 's POS 39142 1011 17 law law NN 39142 1011 18 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1011 19 find find VBP 39142 1011 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1011 21 mass mass NN 39142 1011 22 exceeds exceed VBZ 39142 1011 23 that that DT 39142 1011 24 of of IN 39142 1011 25 the the DT 39142 1011 26 sun sun NN 39142 1011 27 forty forty NN 39142 1011 28 - - RB 39142 1011 29 fold fold RB 39142 1011 30 . . . 39142 1012 1 Capella Capella NNP 39142 1012 2 has have VBZ 39142 1012 3 been be VBN 39142 1012 4 found find VBN 39142 1012 5 to to TO 39142 1012 6 be be VB 39142 1012 7 a a DT 39142 1012 8 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 1012 9 binary binary NN 39142 1012 10 ; ; : 39142 1012 11 also also RB 39142 1012 12 the the DT 39142 1012 13 pole pole NN 39142 1012 14 star star NN 39142 1012 15 . . . 39142 1013 1 Spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 1013 2 binaries binary NNS 39142 1013 3 have have VBP 39142 1013 4 relatively relatively RB 39142 1013 5 short short JJ 39142 1013 6 periods period NNS 39142 1013 7 , , , 39142 1013 8 one one CD 39142 1013 9 of of IN 39142 1013 10 the the DT 39142 1013 11 shortest shortest RBS 39142 1013 12 known know VBN 39142 1013 13 being be VBG 39142 1013 14 only only RB 39142 1013 15 35 35 CD 39142 1013 16 hours hour NNS 39142 1013 17 in in IN 39142 1013 18 length length NN 39142 1013 19 . . . 39142 1014 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1014 2 is be VBZ 39142 1014 3 in in IN 39142 1014 4 the the DT 39142 1014 5 constellation constellation NN 39142 1014 6 Scorpio Scorpio NNP 39142 1014 7 . . . 39142 1015 1 Beta Beta NNP 39142 1015 2 Aurigæ Aurigæ NNP 39142 1015 3 is be VBZ 39142 1015 4 another another DT 39142 1015 5 whose whose WP$ 39142 1015 6 lines line NNS 39142 1015 7 double double VBP 39142 1015 8 on on IN 39142 1015 9 alternate alternate JJ 39142 1015 10 nights night NNS 39142 1015 11 , , , 39142 1015 12 giving give VBG 39142 1015 13 a a DT 39142 1015 14 period period NN 39142 1015 15 of of IN 39142 1015 16 four four CD 39142 1015 17 days day NNS 39142 1015 18 ; ; : 39142 1015 19 and and CC 39142 1015 20 the the DT 39142 1015 21 combined combine VBN 39142 1015 22 mass mass NN 39142 1015 23 of of IN 39142 1015 24 both both DT 39142 1015 25 stars star NNS 39142 1015 26 is be VBZ 39142 1015 27 more more JJR 39142 1015 28 than than IN 39142 1015 29 twice twice PDT 39142 1015 30 that that DT 39142 1015 31 of of IN 39142 1015 32 the the DT 39142 1015 33 sun sun NN 39142 1015 34 . . . 39142 1016 1 The the DT 39142 1016 2 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 1016 3 of of IN 39142 1016 4 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 1016 5 binaries binary NNS 39142 1016 6 is be VBZ 39142 1016 7 constantly constantly RB 39142 1016 8 enlarging enlarging JJ 39142 1016 9 ; ; : 39142 1016 10 but but CC 39142 1016 11 thousands thousand NNS 39142 1016 12 doubtless doubtless RB 39142 1016 13 exist exist VBP 39142 1016 14 that that WDT 39142 1016 15 can can MD 39142 1016 16 never never RB 39142 1016 17 be be VB 39142 1016 18 discovered discover VBN 39142 1016 19 by by IN 39142 1016 20 this this DT 39142 1016 21 method method NN 39142 1016 22 , , , 39142 1016 23 as as IN 39142 1016 24 is be VBZ 39142 1016 25 evident evident JJ 39142 1016 26 if if IN 39142 1016 27 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1016 28 orbits orbit NNS 39142 1016 29 are be VBP 39142 1016 30 perpendicular perpendicular JJ 39142 1016 31 to to IN 39142 1016 32 the the DT 39142 1016 33 line line NN 39142 1016 34 of of IN 39142 1016 35 sight sight NN 39142 1016 36 or or CC 39142 1016 37 nearly nearly RB 39142 1016 38 so so RB 39142 1016 39 . . . 39142 1017 1 The the DT 39142 1017 2 history history NN 39142 1017 3 of of IN 39142 1017 4 the the DT 39142 1017 5 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 1017 6 binaries binary NNS 39142 1017 7 is be VBZ 39142 1017 8 one one CD 39142 1017 9 of of IN 39142 1017 10 the the DT 39142 1017 11 most most RBS 39142 1017 12 interesting interesting JJ 39142 1017 13 chapters chapter NNS 39142 1017 14 in in IN 39142 1017 15 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 1017 16 , , , 39142 1017 17 and and CC 39142 1017 18 affords afford VBZ 39142 1017 19 a a DT 39142 1017 20 marvelous marvelous JJ 39142 1017 21 confirmation confirmation NN 39142 1017 22 of of IN 39142 1017 23 the the DT 39142 1017 24 prediction prediction NN 39142 1017 25 of of IN 39142 1017 26 Bessel Bessel NNP 39142 1017 27 who who WP 39142 1017 28 first first RB 39142 1017 29 wrote write VBD 39142 1017 30 of of IN 39142 1017 31 " " `` 39142 1017 32 the the DT 39142 1017 33 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 1017 34 of of IN 39142 1017 35 the the DT 39142 1017 36 invisible invisible JJ 39142 1017 37 . . . 39142 1017 38 " " '' 39142 1018 1 Find find VB 39142 1018 2 a a DT 39142 1018 3 star star NN 39142 1018 4 's 's POS 39142 1018 5 distance distance NN 39142 1018 6 by by IN 39142 1018 7 the the DT 39142 1018 8 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 1018 9 ? ? . 39142 1019 1 Impossible impossible JJ 39142 1019 2 , , , 39142 1019 3 everyone everyone NN 39142 1019 4 would would MD 39142 1019 5 have have VB 39142 1019 6 said say VBD 39142 1019 7 , , , 39142 1019 8 even even RB 39142 1019 9 a a DT 39142 1019 10 very very RB 39142 1019 11 few few JJ 39142 1019 12 years year NNS 39142 1019 13 ago ago RB 39142 1019 14 . . . 39142 1020 1 Now now RB 39142 1020 2 , , , 39142 1020 3 however however RB 39142 1020 4 , , , 39142 1020 5 the the DT 39142 1020 6 thing thing NN 39142 1020 7 is be VBZ 39142 1020 8 done do VBN 39142 1020 9 , , , 39142 1020 10 and and CC 39142 1020 11 with with IN 39142 1020 12 increasing increase VBG 39142 1020 13 accuracy accuracy NN 39142 1020 14 . . . 39142 1021 1 Adams Adams NNP 39142 1021 2 of of IN 39142 1021 3 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1021 4 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 1021 5 has have VBZ 39142 1021 6 found find VBN 39142 1021 7 , , , 39142 1021 8 after after IN 39142 1021 9 protracted protract VBN 39142 1021 10 investigation investigation NN 39142 1021 11 , , , 39142 1021 12 that that IN 39142 1021 13 the the DT 39142 1021 14 relative relative JJ 39142 1021 15 intensity intensity NN 39142 1021 16 of of IN 39142 1021 17 certain certain JJ 39142 1021 18 spectral spectral JJ 39142 1021 19 lines line NNS 39142 1021 20 varies vary VBZ 39142 1021 21 according accord VBG 39142 1021 22 to to IN 39142 1021 23 the the DT 39142 1021 24 absolute absolute JJ 39142 1021 25 brightness brightness NN 39142 1021 26 of of IN 39142 1021 27 a a DT 39142 1021 28 star star NN 39142 1021 29 ; ; : 39142 1021 30 indeed indeed RB 39142 1021 31 , , , 39142 1021 32 so so RB 39142 1021 33 close close JJ 39142 1021 34 is be VBZ 39142 1021 35 the the DT 39142 1021 36 correspondence correspondence NN 39142 1021 37 that that WDT 39142 1021 38 the the DT 39142 1021 39 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 1021 40 observations observation NNS 39142 1021 41 are be VBP 39142 1021 42 employed employ VBN 39142 1021 43 to to TO 39142 1021 44 provide provide VB 39142 1021 45 in in IN 39142 1021 46 certain certain JJ 39142 1021 47 cases case NNS 39142 1021 48 a a DT 39142 1021 49 good good JJ 39142 1021 50 determination determination NN 39142 1021 51 of of IN 39142 1021 52 the the DT 39142 1021 53 absolute absolute JJ 39142 1021 54 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 1021 55 , , , 39142 1021 56 and and CC 39142 1021 57 therefore therefore RB 39142 1021 58 of of IN 39142 1021 59 the the DT 39142 1021 60 distance distance NN 39142 1021 61 . . . 39142 1022 1 To to TO 39142 1022 2 test test VB 39142 1022 3 this this DT 39142 1022 4 relation relation NN 39142 1022 5 , , , 39142 1022 6 the the DT 39142 1022 7 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 1022 8 parallaxes parallax NNS 39142 1022 9 have have VBP 39142 1022 10 been be VBN 39142 1022 11 compared compare VBN 39142 1022 12 with with IN 39142 1022 13 the the DT 39142 1022 14 measured measure VBN 39142 1022 15 parallaxes parallax NNS 39142 1022 16 in in IN 39142 1022 17 numerous numerous JJ 39142 1022 18 instances instance NNS 39142 1022 19 , , , 39142 1022 20 and and CC 39142 1022 21 an an DT 39142 1022 22 excellent excellent JJ 39142 1022 23 agreement agreement NN 39142 1022 24 is be VBZ 39142 1022 25 shown show VBN 39142 1022 26 . . . 39142 1023 1 This this DT 39142 1023 2 new new JJ 39142 1023 3 method method NN 39142 1023 4 is be VBZ 39142 1023 5 adding add VBG 39142 1023 6 extensively extensively RB 39142 1023 7 to to IN 39142 1023 8 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1023 9 knowledge knowledge NN 39142 1023 10 of of IN 39142 1023 11 stellar stellar JJ 39142 1023 12 luminosities luminosity NNS 39142 1023 13 and and CC 39142 1023 14 distances distance NNS 39142 1023 15 , , , 39142 1023 16 and and CC 39142 1023 17 even even RB 39142 1023 18 the the DT 39142 1023 19 vast vast JJ 39142 1023 20 distances distance NNS 39142 1023 21 of of IN 39142 1023 22 globular globular JJ 39142 1023 23 clusters cluster NNS 39142 1023 24 and and CC 39142 1023 25 spiral spiral JJ 39142 1023 26 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 1023 27 are be VBP 39142 1023 28 becoming become VBG 39142 1023 29 known know VBN 39142 1023 30 . . . 39142 1024 1 In in IN 39142 1024 2 fact fact NN 39142 1024 3 , , , 39142 1024 4 but but CC 39142 1024 5 few few JJ 39142 1024 6 departments department NNS 39142 1024 7 of of IN 39142 1024 8 the the DT 39142 1024 9 old old JJ 39142 1024 10 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 1024 11 are be VBP 39142 1024 12 left leave VBN 39142 1024 13 which which WDT 39142 1024 14 the the DT 39142 1024 15 new new JJ 39142 1024 16 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 1024 17 has have VBZ 39142 1024 18 not not RB 39142 1024 19 invaded invade VBN 39142 1024 20 , , , 39142 1024 21 and and CC 39142 1024 22 this this DT 39142 1024 23 latest late JJS 39142 1024 24 triumph triumph NN 39142 1024 25 of of IN 39142 1024 26 the the DT 39142 1024 27 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 1024 28 in in IN 39142 1024 29 determining determine VBG 39142 1024 30 accurately accurately RB 39142 1024 31 the the DT 39142 1024 32 distances distance NNS 39142 1024 33 of of IN 39142 1024 34 even even RB 39142 1024 35 the the DT 39142 1024 36 remotest remote JJS 39142 1024 37 stars star NNS 39142 1024 38 is be VBZ 39142 1024 39 enthusiastically enthusiastically RB 39142 1024 40 welcomed welcome VBN 39142 1024 41 by by IN 39142 1024 42 advocates advocate NNS 39142 1024 43 of of IN 39142 1024 44 the the DT 39142 1024 45 old old JJ 39142 1024 46 and and CC 39142 1024 47 new new JJ 39142 1024 48 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 1024 49 alike alike RB 39142 1024 50 . . . 39142 1025 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 1025 2 XXI XXI NNP 39142 1025 3 THE the DT 39142 1025 4 STORY STORY NNP 39142 1025 5 OF of IN 39142 1025 6 ASTRONOMICAL ASTRONOMICAL NNP 39142 1025 7 PHOTOGRAPHY PHOTOGRAPHY NNP 39142 1025 8 The the DT 39142 1025 9 most most RBS 39142 1025 10 powerful powerful JJ 39142 1025 11 ally ally NN 39142 1025 12 of of IN 39142 1025 13 both both CC 39142 1025 14 telescope telescope NN 39142 1025 15 and and CC 39142 1025 16 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 1025 17 is be VBZ 39142 1025 18 photography photography NN 39142 1025 19 . . . 39142 1026 1 Without without IN 39142 1026 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1026 3 the the DT 39142 1026 4 marvelous marvelous JJ 39142 1026 5 researches research NNS 39142 1026 6 carried carry VBN 39142 1026 7 on on RP 39142 1026 8 with with IN 39142 1026 9 both both PDT 39142 1026 10 these these DT 39142 1026 11 types type NNS 39142 1026 12 of of IN 39142 1026 13 instrument instrument NN 39142 1026 14 would would MD 39142 1026 15 have have VB 39142 1026 16 been be VBN 39142 1026 17 essentially essentially RB 39142 1026 18 impossible impossible JJ 39142 1026 19 . . . 39142 1027 1 Even even RB 39142 1027 2 the the DT 39142 1027 3 great great JJ 39142 1027 4 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 1027 5 of of IN 39142 1027 6 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 1027 7 and and CC 39142 1027 8 Lord Lord NNP 39142 1027 9 Rosse Rosse NNP 39142 1027 10 , , , 39142 1027 11 notwithstanding notwithstanding IN 39142 1027 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1027 13 splendid splendid JJ 39142 1027 14 record record NN 39142 1027 15 as as IN 39142 1027 16 optical optical JJ 39142 1027 17 instruments instrument NNS 39142 1027 18 , , , 39142 1027 19 might may MD 39142 1027 20 have have VB 39142 1027 21 achieved achieve VBN 39142 1027 22 vastly vastly RB 39142 1027 23 more more RBR 39142 1027 24 had have VBD 39142 1027 25 photography photography NN 39142 1027 26 been be VBN 39142 1027 27 developed develop VBN 39142 1027 28 in in IN 39142 1027 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1027 30 time time NN 39142 1027 31 to to IN 39142 1027 32 the the DT 39142 1027 33 point point NN 39142 1027 34 where where WRB 39142 1027 35 the the DT 39142 1027 36 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 1027 37 could could MD 39142 1027 38 have have VB 39142 1027 39 employed employ VBN 39142 1027 40 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1027 41 wonderful wonderful JJ 39142 1027 42 capabilities capability NNS 39142 1027 43 as as IN 39142 1027 44 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1027 45 does do VBZ 39142 1027 46 to to IN 39142 1027 47 - - HYPH 39142 1027 48 day day NN 39142 1027 49 . . . 39142 1028 1 And and CC 39142 1028 2 , , , 39142 1028 3 with with IN 39142 1028 4 the the DT 39142 1028 5 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 1028 6 , , , 39142 1028 7 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1028 8 is be VBZ 39142 1028 9 hardly hardly RB 39142 1028 10 too too RB 39142 1028 11 much much JJ 39142 1028 12 to to TO 39142 1028 13 say say VB 39142 1028 14 that that IN 39142 1028 15 no no DT 39142 1028 16 investigator investigator NN 39142 1028 17 ever ever RB 39142 1028 18 observes observe VBZ 39142 1028 19 visually visually RB 39142 1028 20 with with IN 39142 1028 21 that that DT 39142 1028 22 instrument instrument NN 39142 1028 23 any any DT 39142 1028 24 more more RBR 39142 1028 25 : : : 39142 1028 26 practically practically RB 39142 1028 27 every every DT 39142 1028 28 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1028 29 is be VBZ 39142 1028 30 made make VBN 39142 1028 31 a a DT 39142 1028 32 matter matter NN 39142 1028 33 of of IN 39142 1028 34 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1028 35 record record NN 39142 1028 36 first first RB 39142 1028 37 . . . 39142 1029 1 The the DT 39142 1029 2 observing observing NN 39142 1029 3 , , , 39142 1029 4 or or CC 39142 1029 5 nowadays nowadays RB 39142 1029 6 the the DT 39142 1029 7 measuring measuring NN 39142 1029 8 , , , 39142 1029 9 is be VBZ 39142 1029 10 all all DT 39142 1029 11 done do VBN 39142 1029 12 afterward afterward RB 39142 1029 13 . . . 39142 1030 1 All all DT 39142 1030 2 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 1030 3 and and CC 39142 1030 4 cameras camera NNS 39142 1030 5 are be VBP 39142 1030 6 alike alike RB 39142 1030 7 , , , 39142 1030 8 in in IN 39142 1030 9 that that IN 39142 1030 10 each each DT 39142 1030 11 must must MD 39142 1030 12 form form VB 39142 1030 13 or or CC 39142 1030 14 have have VB 39142 1030 15 formed form VBN 39142 1030 16 within within IN 39142 1030 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1030 18 an an DT 39142 1030 19 image image NN 39142 1030 20 by by IN 39142 1030 21 means mean NNS 39142 1030 22 of of IN 39142 1030 23 a a DT 39142 1030 24 lens lens NN 39142 1030 25 or or CC 39142 1030 26 mirror mirror NN 39142 1030 27 . . . 39142 1031 1 In in IN 39142 1031 2 the the DT 39142 1031 3 telescope telescope NN 39142 1031 4 the the DT 39142 1031 5 eye eye NN 39142 1031 6 sees see VBZ 39142 1031 7 the the DT 39142 1031 8 fleeting fleeting JJ 39142 1031 9 image image NN 39142 1031 10 , , , 39142 1031 11 in in IN 39142 1031 12 the the DT 39142 1031 13 camera camera NN 39142 1031 14 the the DT 39142 1031 15 process process NN 39142 1031 16 of of IN 39142 1031 17 registering register VBG 39142 1031 18 the the DT 39142 1031 19 image image NN 39142 1031 20 on on IN 39142 1031 21 a a DT 39142 1031 22 plate plate NN 39142 1031 23 or or CC 39142 1031 24 film film NN 39142 1031 25 is be VBZ 39142 1031 26 known know VBN 39142 1031 27 as as IN 39142 1031 28 photography photography NN 39142 1031 29 . . . 39142 1032 1 Daguerre Daguerre NNS 39142 1032 2 first first RB 39142 1032 3 invented invent VBD 39142 1032 4 the the DT 39142 1032 5 process process NN 39142 1032 6 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1032 7 silver silver JJ 39142 1032 8 film film NN 39142 1032 9 on on IN 39142 1032 10 a a DT 39142 1032 11 copper copper NN 39142 1032 12 plate plate NN 39142 1032 13 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1032 14 in in IN 39142 1032 15 1839 1839 CD 39142 1032 16 . . . 39142 1033 1 The the DT 39142 1033 2 year year NN 39142 1033 3 following follow VBG 39142 1033 4 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1033 5 was be VBD 39142 1033 6 first first RB 39142 1033 7 employed employ VBN 39142 1033 8 on on IN 39142 1033 9 the the DT 39142 1033 10 moon moon NN 39142 1033 11 , , , 39142 1033 12 in in IN 39142 1033 13 1850 1850 CD 39142 1033 14 the the DT 39142 1033 15 first first JJ 39142 1033 16 star star NN 39142 1033 17 was be VBD 39142 1033 18 photographed photograph VBN 39142 1033 19 , , , 39142 1033 20 in in IN 39142 1033 21 1851 1851 CD 39142 1033 22 the the DT 39142 1033 23 first first JJ 39142 1033 24 total total JJ 39142 1033 25 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1033 26 of of IN 39142 1033 27 the the DT 39142 1033 28 sun sun NN 39142 1033 29 ; ; : 39142 1033 30 all all RB 39142 1033 31 by by IN 39142 1033 32 the the DT 39142 1033 33 primitive primitive JJ 39142 1033 34 daguerreotype daguerreotype NN 39142 1033 35 process process NN 39142 1033 36 , , , 39142 1033 37 which which WDT 39142 1033 38 , , , 39142 1033 39 notwithstanding notwithstanding IN 39142 1033 40 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1033 41 awkwardness awkwardness NN 39142 1033 42 and and CC 39142 1033 43 the the DT 39142 1033 44 great great JJ 39142 1033 45 length length NN 39142 1033 46 of of IN 39142 1033 47 exposure exposure NN 39142 1033 48 required require VBN 39142 1033 49 , , , 39142 1033 50 was be VBD 39142 1033 51 found find VBN 39142 1033 52 to to TO 39142 1033 53 possess possess VB 39142 1033 54 many many JJ 39142 1033 55 advantages advantage NNS 39142 1033 56 for for IN 39142 1033 57 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 1033 58 work work NN 39142 1033 59 . . . 39142 1034 1 About about IN 39142 1034 2 the the DT 39142 1034 3 middle middle NN 39142 1034 4 of of IN 39142 1034 5 the the DT 39142 1034 6 last last JJ 39142 1034 7 century century NN 39142 1034 8 the the DT 39142 1034 9 wet wet JJ 39142 1034 10 plate plate NN 39142 1034 11 process process NN 39142 1034 12 , , , 39142 1034 13 so so RB 39142 1034 14 called call VBD 39142 1034 15 because because IN 39142 1034 16 the the DT 39142 1034 17 sensitized sensitized JJ 39142 1034 18 collodion collodion NN 39142 1034 19 film film NN 39142 1034 20 must must MD 39142 1034 21 be be VB 39142 1034 22 kept keep VBN 39142 1034 23 moist moist JJ 39142 1034 24 during during IN 39142 1034 25 exposure exposure NN 39142 1034 26 , , , 39142 1034 27 came come VBD 39142 1034 28 into into IN 39142 1034 29 general general JJ 39142 1034 30 use use NN 39142 1034 31 , , , 39142 1034 32 and and CC 39142 1034 33 the the DT 39142 1034 34 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1034 35 of of IN 39142 1034 36 that that DT 39142 1034 37 period period NN 39142 1034 38 were be VBD 39142 1034 39 not not RB 39142 1034 40 slow slow JJ 39142 1034 41 to to TO 39142 1034 42 avail avail VB 39142 1034 43 themselves -PRON- PRP 39142 1034 44 of of IN 39142 1034 45 the the DT 39142 1034 46 advantages advantage NNS 39142 1034 47 of of IN 39142 1034 48 a a DT 39142 1034 49 more more RBR 39142 1034 50 sensitive sensitive JJ 39142 1034 51 process process NN 39142 1034 52 , , , 39142 1034 53 which which WDT 39142 1034 54 in in IN 39142 1034 55 1872 1872 CD 39142 1034 56 , , , 39142 1034 57 in in IN 39142 1034 58 the the DT 39142 1034 59 skillful skillful JJ 39142 1034 60 hands hand NNS 39142 1034 61 of of IN 39142 1034 62 Henry Henry NNP 39142 1034 63 Draper Draper NNP 39142 1034 64 , , , 39142 1034 65 produced produce VBD 39142 1034 66 the the DT 39142 1034 67 first first JJ 39142 1034 68 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1034 69 of of IN 39142 1034 70 a a DT 39142 1034 71 star star NN 39142 1034 72 . . . 39142 1035 1 In in IN 39142 1035 2 1880 1880 CD 39142 1035 3 a a DT 39142 1035 4 nebula nebula NN 39142 1035 5 was be VBD 39142 1035 6 first first RB 39142 1035 7 photographed photograph VBN 39142 1035 8 , , , 39142 1035 9 and and CC 39142 1035 10 in in IN 39142 1035 11 1881 1881 CD 39142 1035 12 a a DT 39142 1035 13 comet comet NN 39142 1035 14 . . . 39142 1036 1 Before before IN 39142 1036 2 this this DT 39142 1036 3 time time NN 39142 1036 4 , , , 39142 1036 5 however however RB 39142 1036 6 , , , 39142 1036 7 the the DT 39142 1036 8 new new JJ 39142 1036 9 dry dry JJ 39142 1036 10 - - HYPH 39142 1036 11 plate plate NN 39142 1036 12 process process NN 39142 1036 13 had have VBD 39142 1036 14 been be VBN 39142 1036 15 developed develop VBN 39142 1036 16 to to IN 39142 1036 17 the the DT 39142 1036 18 point point NN 39142 1036 19 where where WRB 39142 1036 20 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1036 21 began begin VBD 39142 1036 22 to to TO 39142 1036 23 avail avail VB 39142 1036 24 of of IN 39142 1036 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1036 26 greater great JJR 39142 1036 27 convenience convenience NN 39142 1036 28 and and CC 39142 1036 29 increased increase VBN 39142 1036 30 sensitiveness sensitiveness NN 39142 1036 31 , , , 39142 1036 32 even even RB 39142 1036 33 in in IN 39142 1036 34 spite spite NN 39142 1036 35 of of IN 39142 1036 36 the the DT 39142 1036 37 coarseness coarseness NN 39142 1036 38 of of IN 39142 1036 39 grain grain NN 39142 1036 40 of of IN 39142 1036 41 the the DT 39142 1036 42 film film NN 39142 1036 43 . . . 39142 1037 1 Forty forty CD 39142 1037 2 years year NNS 39142 1037 3 of of IN 39142 1037 4 dry dry JJ 39142 1037 5 - - HYPH 39142 1037 6 plate plate NN 39142 1037 7 service service NN 39142 1037 8 have have VBP 39142 1037 9 brought bring VBN 39142 1037 10 a a DT 39142 1037 11 wealth wealth NN 39142 1037 12 of of IN 39142 1037 13 advantages advantage NNS 39142 1037 14 scarcely scarcely RB 39142 1037 15 dreamed dream VBN 39142 1037 16 of of IN 39142 1037 17 in in IN 39142 1037 18 the the DT 39142 1037 19 beginning beginning NN 39142 1037 20 , , , 39142 1037 21 and and CC 39142 1037 22 nearly nearly RB 39142 1037 23 every every DT 39142 1037 24 department department NN 39142 1037 25 of of IN 39142 1037 26 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 1037 27 research research NN 39142 1037 28 has have VBZ 39142 1037 29 been be VBN 39142 1037 30 enhanced enhance VBN 39142 1037 31 thereby thereby RB 39142 1037 32 , , , 39142 1037 33 while while IN 39142 1037 34 many many JJ 39142 1037 35 entirely entirely RB 39142 1037 36 new new JJ 39142 1037 37 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1037 38 methods method NNS 39142 1037 39 of of IN 39142 1037 40 investigation investigation NN 39142 1037 41 have have VBP 39142 1037 42 been be VBN 39142 1037 43 worked work VBN 39142 1037 44 out out RP 39142 1037 45 . . . 39142 1038 1 Continued continue VBN 39142 1038 2 improvement improvement NN 39142 1038 3 in in IN 39142 1038 4 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1038 5 processes process NNS 39142 1038 6 has have VBZ 39142 1038 7 provided provide VBN 39142 1038 8 the the DT 39142 1038 9 possibility possibility NN 39142 1038 10 of of IN 39142 1038 11 pictures picture NNS 39142 1038 12 of of IN 39142 1038 13 fainter fainter NN 39142 1038 14 and and CC 39142 1038 15 fainter fainter NN 39142 1038 16 celestial celestial JJ 39142 1038 17 objects object NNS 39142 1038 18 , , , 39142 1038 19 and and CC 39142 1038 20 all all PDT 39142 1038 21 the the DT 39142 1038 22 larger large JJR 39142 1038 23 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 1038 24 have have VBP 39142 1038 25 photographed photograph VBN 39142 1038 26 stars star NNS 39142 1038 27 and and CC 39142 1038 28 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 1038 29 of of IN 39142 1038 30 such such PDT 39142 1038 31 exceeding exceed VBG 39142 1038 32 faintness faintness NN 39142 1038 33 that that IN 39142 1038 34 the the DT 39142 1038 35 human human JJ 39142 1038 36 eye eye NN 39142 1038 37 , , , 39142 1038 38 even even RB 39142 1038 39 if if IN 39142 1038 40 applied apply VBD 39142 1038 41 to to IN 39142 1038 42 the the DT 39142 1038 43 same same JJ 39142 1038 44 instrument instrument NN 39142 1038 45 , , , 39142 1038 46 would would MD 39142 1038 47 never never RB 39142 1038 48 be be VB 39142 1038 49 able able JJ 39142 1038 50 to to TO 39142 1038 51 see see VB 39142 1038 52 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1038 53 . . . 39142 1039 1 This this DT 39142 1039 2 is be VBZ 39142 1039 3 because because IN 39142 1039 4 the the DT 39142 1039 5 eye eye NN 39142 1039 6 , , , 39142 1039 7 in in IN 39142 1039 8 ten ten CD 39142 1039 9 or or CC 39142 1039 10 twelve twelve CD 39142 1039 11 seconds second NNS 39142 1039 12 of of IN 39142 1039 13 keen keen JJ 39142 1039 14 watching watching NN 39142 1039 15 , , , 39142 1039 16 becomes become VBZ 39142 1039 17 fatigued fatigued JJ 39142 1039 18 and and CC 39142 1039 19 must must MD 39142 1039 20 be be VB 39142 1039 21 rested rest VBN 39142 1039 22 , , , 39142 1039 23 whereas whereas IN 39142 1039 24 the the DT 39142 1039 25 action action NN 39142 1039 26 of of IN 39142 1039 27 very very RB 39142 1039 28 faint faint JJ 39142 1039 29 light light NN 39142 1039 30 rays ray NNS 39142 1039 31 is be VBZ 39142 1039 32 cumulative cumulative JJ 39142 1039 33 on on IN 39142 1039 34 the the DT 39142 1039 35 highly highly RB 39142 1039 36 sensitive sensitive JJ 39142 1039 37 film film NN 39142 1039 38 ; ; : 39142 1039 39 so so IN 39142 1039 40 that that IN 39142 1039 41 a a DT 39142 1039 42 continuous continuous JJ 39142 1039 43 exposure exposure NN 39142 1039 44 of of IN 39142 1039 45 many many JJ 39142 1039 46 hours hour NNS 39142 1039 47 ' ' POS 39142 1039 48 duration duration NN 39142 1039 49 becomes become VBZ 39142 1039 50 readily readily RB 39142 1039 51 visible visible JJ 39142 1039 52 to to IN 39142 1039 53 the the DT 39142 1039 54 eye eye NN 39142 1039 55 on on IN 39142 1039 56 development development NN 39142 1039 57 . . . 39142 1040 1 So so RB 39142 1040 2 a a DT 39142 1040 3 supersensitive supersensitive JJ 39142 1040 4 dry dry JJ 39142 1040 5 plate plate NN 39142 1040 6 will will MD 39142 1040 7 often often RB 39142 1040 8 record record VB 39142 1040 9 many many JJ 39142 1040 10 thousand thousand CD 39142 1040 11 stars star NNS 39142 1040 12 in in IN 39142 1040 13 a a DT 39142 1040 14 region region NN 39142 1040 15 where where WRB 39142 1040 16 the the DT 39142 1040 17 naked naked JJ 39142 1040 18 eye eye NN 39142 1040 19 can can MD 39142 1040 20 see see VB 39142 1040 21 but but CC 39142 1040 22 one one CD 39142 1040 23 . . . 39142 1041 1 Perhaps perhaps RB 39142 1041 2 the the DT 39142 1041 3 greatest great JJS 39142 1041 4 amplification amplification NN 39142 1041 5 of of IN 39142 1041 6 photography photography NN 39142 1041 7 has have VBZ 39142 1041 8 taken take VBN 39142 1041 9 place place NN 39142 1041 10 at at IN 39142 1041 11 the the DT 39142 1041 12 Harvard Harvard NNP 39142 1041 13 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1041 14 under under IN 39142 1041 15 Pickering Pickering NNP 39142 1041 16 , , , 39142 1041 17 where where WRB 39142 1041 18 a a DT 39142 1041 19 library library NN 39142 1041 20 of of IN 39142 1041 21 many many JJ 39142 1041 22 hundred hundred CD 39142 1041 23 thousand thousand CD 39142 1041 24 plates plate NNS 39142 1041 25 has have VBZ 39142 1041 26 accumulated accumulate VBN 39142 1041 27 ; ; : 39142 1041 28 and and CC 39142 1041 29 at at IN 39142 1041 30 Groningen Groningen NNP 39142 1041 31 , , , 39142 1041 32 Holland Holland NNP 39142 1041 33 , , , 39142 1041 34 where where WRB 39142 1041 35 Kapteyn Kapteyn NNP 39142 1041 36 has have VBZ 39142 1041 37 established establish VBN 39142 1041 38 an an DT 39142 1041 39 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 1041 40 laboratory laboratory NN 39142 1041 41 without without IN 39142 1041 42 instruments instrument NNS 39142 1041 43 except except IN 39142 1041 44 such such JJ 39142 1041 45 as as IN 39142 1041 46 are be VBP 39142 1041 47 necessary necessary JJ 39142 1041 48 to to TO 39142 1041 49 measure measure VB 39142 1041 50 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1041 51 plates plate NNS 39142 1041 52 , , , 39142 1041 53 whenever whenever WRB 39142 1041 54 and and CC 39142 1041 55 wherever wherever WRB 39142 1041 56 taken take VBN 39142 1041 57 . . . 39142 1042 1 So so CC 39142 1042 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1042 3 is be VBZ 39142 1042 4 possible possible JJ 39142 1042 5 to to TO 39142 1042 6 select select VB 39142 1042 7 the the DT 39142 1042 8 clearest clear JJS 39142 1042 9 of of IN 39142 1042 10 skies sky NNS 39142 1042 11 , , , 39142 1042 12 all all RB 39142 1042 13 over over IN 39142 1042 14 the the DT 39142 1042 15 world world NN 39142 1042 16 , , , 39142 1042 17 for for IN 39142 1042 18 exposure exposure NN 39142 1042 19 of of IN 39142 1042 20 the the DT 39142 1042 21 plates plate NNS 39142 1042 22 , , , 39142 1042 23 and and CC 39142 1042 24 bring bring VB 39142 1042 25 back back RB 39142 1042 26 the the DT 39142 1042 27 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1042 28 for for IN 39142 1042 29 expert expert JJ 39142 1042 30 discussion discussion NN 39142 1042 31 . . . 39142 1043 1 Of of RB 39142 1043 2 course course RB 39142 1043 3 the the DT 39142 1043 4 sun sun NN 39142 1043 5 was be VBD 39142 1043 6 the the DT 39142 1043 7 celestial celestial JJ 39142 1043 8 body body NN 39142 1043 9 first first RB 39142 1043 10 photographed photograph VBD 39142 1043 11 , , , 39142 1043 12 and and CC 39142 1043 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1043 14 surpassing surpass VBG 39142 1043 15 brilliance brilliance NN 39142 1043 16 necessitates necessitate VBZ 39142 1043 17 reduction reduction NN 39142 1043 18 of of IN 39142 1043 19 exposure exposure NN 39142 1043 20 to to IN 39142 1043 21 a a DT 39142 1043 22 minimum minimum NN 39142 1043 23 . . . 39142 1044 1 In in IN 39142 1044 2 moments moment NNS 39142 1044 3 of of IN 39142 1044 4 exceptional exceptional JJ 39142 1044 5 steadiness steadiness NN 39142 1044 6 of of IN 39142 1044 7 the the DT 39142 1044 8 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1044 9 , , , 39142 1044 10 a a DT 39142 1044 11 very very RB 39142 1044 12 high high JJ 39142 1044 13 degree degree NN 39142 1044 14 of of IN 39142 1044 15 magnification magnification NN 39142 1044 16 of of IN 39142 1044 17 the the DT 39142 1044 18 solar solar JJ 39142 1044 19 surface surface NN 39142 1044 20 on on IN 39142 1044 21 the the DT 39142 1044 22 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1044 23 plate plate NN 39142 1044 24 is be VBZ 39142 1044 25 permitted permit VBN 39142 1044 26 , , , 39142 1044 27 and and CC 39142 1044 28 the the DT 39142 1044 29 details detail NNS 39142 1044 30 in in IN 39142 1044 31 formation formation NN 39142 1044 32 , , , 39142 1044 33 development development NN 39142 1044 34 , , , 39142 1044 35 and and CC 39142 1044 36 ending ending NN 39142 1044 37 of of IN 39142 1044 38 sun sun NN 39142 1044 39 spots spot NNS 39142 1044 40 are be VBP 39142 1044 41 faithfully faithfully RB 39142 1044 42 registered register VBN 39142 1044 43 . . . 39142 1045 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 1045 2 , , , 39142 1045 3 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1045 4 can can MD 39142 1045 5 not not RB 39142 1045 6 be be VB 39142 1045 7 said say VBN 39142 1045 8 that that IN 39142 1045 9 photography photography NN 39142 1045 10 has have VBZ 39142 1045 11 yet yet RB 39142 1045 12 entirely entirely RB 39142 1045 13 replaced replace VBN 39142 1045 14 the the DT 39142 1045 15 eye eye NN 39142 1045 16 in in IN 39142 1045 17 this this DT 39142 1045 18 work work NN 39142 1045 19 , , , 39142 1045 20 and and CC 39142 1045 21 careful careful JJ 39142 1045 22 drawings drawing NNS 39142 1045 23 of of IN 39142 1045 24 sun sun NN 39142 1045 25 spots spot NNS 39142 1045 26 at at IN 39142 1045 27 critical critical JJ 39142 1045 28 stages stage NNS 39142 1045 29 in in IN 39142 1045 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1045 31 life life NN 39142 1045 32 are be VBP 39142 1045 33 capable capable JJ 39142 1045 34 of of IN 39142 1045 35 registering register VBG 39142 1045 36 fine fine JJ 39142 1045 37 detail detail NN 39142 1045 38 which which WDT 39142 1045 39 the the DT 39142 1045 40 plate plate NN 39142 1045 41 has have VBZ 39142 1045 42 so so RB 39142 1045 43 far far RB 39142 1045 44 been be VBN 39142 1045 45 unable unable JJ 39142 1045 46 to to TO 39142 1045 47 record record VB 39142 1045 48 . . . 39142 1046 1 Janssen Janssen NNP 39142 1046 2 of of IN 39142 1046 3 Paris Paris NNP 39142 1046 4 took take VBD 39142 1046 5 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1046 6 of of IN 39142 1046 7 the the DT 39142 1046 8 solar solar JJ 39142 1046 9 photosphere photosphere NN 39142 1046 10 so so RB 39142 1046 11 highly highly RB 39142 1046 12 magnified magnify VBD 39142 1046 13 that that IN 39142 1046 14 the the DT 39142 1046 15 granulation granulation NN 39142 1046 16 or or CC 39142 1046 17 willow willow NN 39142 1046 18 - - HYPH 39142 1046 19 leaf leaf NN 39142 1046 20 structure structure NN 39142 1046 21 of of IN 39142 1046 22 the the DT 39142 1046 23 surface surface NN 39142 1046 24 was be VBD 39142 1046 25 clearly clearly RB 39142 1046 26 visible visible JJ 39142 1046 27 , , , 39142 1046 28 and and CC 39142 1046 29 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1046 30 variations variation NNS 39142 1046 31 traceable traceable JJ 39142 1046 32 from from IN 39142 1046 33 hour hour NN 39142 1046 34 to to IN 39142 1046 35 hour hour NN 39142 1046 36 . . . 39142 1047 1 The the DT 39142 1047 2 advantages advantage NNS 39142 1047 3 of of IN 39142 1047 4 sun sun NN 39142 1047 5 spot spot NN 39142 1047 6 photography photography NN 39142 1047 7 in in IN 39142 1047 8 ascertaining ascertain VBG 39142 1047 9 the the DT 39142 1047 10 sun sun NN 39142 1047 11 's 's POS 39142 1047 12 rotation rotation NN 39142 1047 13 , , , 39142 1047 14 keeping keep VBG 39142 1047 15 count count NN 39142 1047 16 of of IN 39142 1047 17 the the DT 39142 1047 18 spots spot NNS 39142 1047 19 , , , 39142 1047 20 and and CC 39142 1047 21 in in IN 39142 1047 22 a a DT 39142 1047 23 permanent permanent JJ 39142 1047 24 record record NN 39142 1047 25 for for IN 39142 1047 26 measurement measurement NN 39142 1047 27 of of IN 39142 1047 28 position position NN 39142 1047 29 of of IN 39142 1047 30 the the DT 39142 1047 31 sun sun NN 39142 1047 32 's 's POS 39142 1047 33 axis axis NN 39142 1047 34 and and CC 39142 1047 35 the the DT 39142 1047 36 spot spot NN 39142 1047 37 zones zone NNS 39142 1047 38 , , , 39142 1047 39 are be VBP 39142 1047 40 obvious obvious JJ 39142 1047 41 . . . 39142 1048 1 In in IN 39142 1048 2 direct direct JJ 39142 1048 3 portrayal portrayal NN 39142 1048 4 of of IN 39142 1048 5 the the DT 39142 1048 6 sun sun NN 39142 1048 7 's 's POS 39142 1048 8 corona corona NN 39142 1048 9 during during IN 39142 1048 10 total total JJ 39142 1048 11 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1048 12 , , , 39142 1048 13 photography photography NN 39142 1048 14 has have VBZ 39142 1048 15 offered offer VBN 39142 1048 16 superior superior JJ 39142 1048 17 advantages advantage NNS 39142 1048 18 over over IN 39142 1048 19 visual visual JJ 39142 1048 20 sketching sketching NN 39142 1048 21 , , , 39142 1048 22 in in IN 39142 1048 23 the the DT 39142 1048 24 form form NN 39142 1048 25 and and CC 39142 1048 26 exact exact JJ 39142 1048 27 location location NN 39142 1048 28 of of IN 39142 1048 29 the the DT 39142 1048 30 coronal coronal JJ 39142 1048 31 streamers streamer NNS 39142 1048 32 ; ; : 39142 1048 33 but but CC 39142 1048 34 the the DT 39142 1048 35 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 39142 1048 36 differences difference NNS 39142 1048 37 of of IN 39142 1048 38 intensity intensity NN 39142 1048 39 between between IN 39142 1048 40 the the DT 39142 1048 41 inner inner JJ 39142 1048 42 corona corona NN 39142 1048 43 and and CC 39142 1048 44 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1048 45 outlying outlying JJ 39142 1048 46 extensions extension NNS 39142 1048 47 are be VBP 39142 1048 48 such such JJ 39142 1048 49 that that IN 39142 1048 50 halation halation NN 39142 1048 51 renders render VBZ 39142 1048 52 a a DT 39142 1048 53 complete complete JJ 39142 1048 54 picture picture NN 39142 1048 55 on on IN 39142 1048 56 a a DT 39142 1048 57 single single JJ 39142 1048 58 plate plate NN 39142 1048 59 practically practically RB 39142 1048 60 impossible impossible JJ 39142 1048 61 . . . 39142 1049 1 The the DT 39142 1049 2 filamentous filamentous JJ 39142 1049 3 detail detail NN 39142 1049 4 of of IN 39142 1049 5 the the DT 39142 1049 6 inner inner JJ 39142 1049 7 corona corona NN 39142 1049 8 , , , 39142 1049 9 and and CC 39142 1049 10 the the DT 39142 1049 11 faintest faint JJS 39142 1049 12 outlying outlying JJ 39142 1049 13 extensions extension NNS 39142 1049 14 or or CC 39142 1049 15 streamers streamer NNS 39142 1049 16 , , , 39142 1049 17 the the DT 39142 1049 18 eye eye NN 39142 1049 19 must must MD 39142 1049 20 still still RB 39142 1049 21 reveal reveal VB 39142 1049 22 directly directly RB 39142 1049 23 . . . 39142 1050 1 In in IN 39142 1050 2 solar solar JJ 39142 1050 3 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1050 4 photography photography NN 39142 1050 5 , , , 39142 1050 6 research research NN 39142 1050 7 has have VBZ 39142 1050 8 been be VBN 39142 1050 9 especially especially RB 39142 1050 10 benefited benefit VBN 39142 1050 11 ; ; : 39142 1050 12 indeed indeed RB 39142 1050 13 , , , 39142 1050 14 exact exact JJ 39142 1050 15 registry registry NN 39142 1050 16 of of IN 39142 1050 17 the the DT 39142 1050 18 multitudinous multitudinous JJ 39142 1050 19 lines line NNS 39142 1050 20 was be VBD 39142 1050 21 quite quite RB 39142 1050 22 impossible impossible JJ 39142 1050 23 without without IN 39142 1050 24 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1050 25 . . . 39142 1051 1 Photographic photographic JJ 39142 1051 2 maps map NNS 39142 1051 3 of of IN 39142 1051 4 the the DT 39142 1051 5 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1051 6 by by IN 39142 1051 7 Thollon Thollon NNP 39142 1051 8 , , , 39142 1051 9 McClean McClean NNP 39142 1051 10 and and CC 39142 1051 11 Rowland Rowland NNP 39142 1051 12 are be VBP 39142 1051 13 so so RB 39142 1051 14 complete complete JJ 39142 1051 15 and and CC 39142 1051 16 accurate accurate JJ 39142 1051 17 that that IN 39142 1051 18 no no DT 39142 1051 19 visual visual JJ 39142 1051 20 charts chart NNS 39142 1051 21 can can MD 39142 1051 22 approach approach VB 39142 1051 23 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1051 24 . . . 39142 1052 1 Rowland Rowland NNP 39142 1052 2 's 's POS 39142 1052 3 great great JJ 39142 1052 4 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1052 5 map map NN 39142 1052 6 of of IN 39142 1052 7 the the DT 39142 1052 8 solar solar JJ 39142 1052 9 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1052 10 spread spread VBD 39142 1052 11 out out RP 39142 1052 12 into into IN 39142 1052 13 a a DT 39142 1052 14 band band NN 39142 1052 15 about about IN 39142 1052 16 forty forty CD 39142 1052 17 feet foot NNS 39142 1052 18 in in IN 39142 1052 19 length length NN 39142 1052 20 ; ; : 39142 1052 21 and and CC 39142 1052 22 in in IN 39142 1052 23 the the DT 39142 1052 24 infra infra NN 39142 1052 25 - - HYPH 39142 1052 26 red red NNP 39142 1052 27 , , , 39142 1052 28 Langley Langley NNP 39142 1052 29 's 's POS 39142 1052 30 spectrobolometer spectrobolometer NN 39142 1052 31 extended extend VBD 39142 1052 32 the the DT 39142 1052 33 invisible invisible JJ 39142 1052 34 heat heat NN 39142 1052 35 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1052 36 photographically photographically RB 39142 1052 37 to to IN 39142 1052 38 many many JJ 39142 1052 39 times time NNS 39142 1052 40 that that DT 39142 1052 41 length length NN 39142 1052 42 . . . 39142 1053 1 At at IN 39142 1053 2 the the DT 39142 1053 3 other other JJ 39142 1053 4 end end NN 39142 1053 5 of of IN 39142 1053 6 the the DT 39142 1053 7 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1053 8 , , , 39142 1053 9 special special JJ 39142 1053 10 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1053 11 processes process NNS 39142 1053 12 have have VBP 39142 1053 13 extended extend VBN 39142 1053 14 the the DT 39142 1053 15 ultra ultra JJ 39142 1053 16 - - JJ 39142 1053 17 violet violet JJ 39142 1053 18 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1053 19 far far RB 39142 1053 20 beyond beyond IN 39142 1053 21 the the DT 39142 1053 22 ocular ocular JJ 39142 1053 23 limit limit NN 39142 1053 24 , , , 39142 1053 25 to to IN 39142 1053 26 a a DT 39142 1053 27 point point NN 39142 1053 28 where where WRB 39142 1053 29 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1053 30 is be VBZ 39142 1053 31 abruptly abruptly RB 39142 1053 32 cut cut VBN 39142 1053 33 off off RP 39142 1053 34 by by IN 39142 1053 35 absorption absorption NN 39142 1053 36 of of IN 39142 1053 37 the the DT 39142 1053 38 earth earth NN 39142 1053 39 's 's POS 39142 1053 40 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1053 41 . . . 39142 1054 1 On on IN 39142 1054 2 the the DT 39142 1054 3 same same JJ 39142 1054 4 plate plate NN 39142 1054 5 with with IN 39142 1054 6 certain certain JJ 39142 1054 7 regions region NNS 39142 1054 8 of of IN 39142 1054 9 the the DT 39142 1054 10 sun sun NN 39142 1054 11 's 's POS 39142 1054 12 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1054 13 , , , 39142 1054 14 the the DT 39142 1054 15 spectra spectra NN 39142 1054 16 of of IN 39142 1054 17 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 39142 1054 18 metals metal NNS 39142 1054 19 are be VBP 39142 1054 20 photographed photograph VBN 39142 1054 21 side side NN 39142 1054 22 by by IN 39142 1054 23 side side NN 39142 1054 24 , , , 39142 1054 25 and and CC 39142 1054 26 exact exact JJ 39142 1054 27 coincidences coincidence NNS 39142 1054 28 of of IN 39142 1054 29 lines line NNS 39142 1054 30 show show VBP 39142 1054 31 that that IN 39142 1054 32 about about RB 39142 1054 33 forty forty CD 39142 1054 34 elemental elemental JJ 39142 1054 35 substances substance NNS 39142 1054 36 known know VBN 39142 1054 37 to to IN 39142 1054 38 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 39142 1054 39 chemistry chemistry NN 39142 1054 40 are be VBP 39142 1054 41 vaporized vaporize VBN 39142 1054 42 in in IN 39142 1054 43 the the DT 39142 1054 44 sun sun NN 39142 1054 45 . . . 39142 1055 1 [ [ -LRB- 39142 1055 2 Illustration illustration NN 39142 1055 3 : : : 39142 1055 4 A a DT 39142 1055 5 VIEW view NN 39142 1055 6 OF of IN 39142 1055 7 THE the DT 39142 1055 8 100-FOOT 100-foot CD 39142 1055 9 DOME dome NN 39142 1055 10 IN in IN 39142 1055 11 WHICH which WDT 39142 1055 12 THE the DT 39142 1055 13 LARGEST largest NN 39142 1055 14 TELESCOPE telescope NN 39142 1055 15 IN in IN 39142 1055 16 THE the DT 39142 1055 17 WORLD world NN 39142 1055 18 IS be VBZ 39142 1055 19 HOUSED HOUSED NNP 39142 1055 20 . . . 39142 1056 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1056 2 _ _ NNP 39142 1056 3 Courtesy Courtesy NNP 39142 1056 4 , , , 39142 1056 5 Mt. Mount NNP 39142 1057 1 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 1057 2 Solar Solar NNP 39142 1057 3 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1057 4 . . . 39142 1057 5 _ _ NNP 39142 1057 6 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1057 7 ] ] -RRB- 39142 1057 8 [ [ -LRB- 39142 1057 9 Illustration illustration NN 39142 1057 10 : : : 39142 1057 11 MOUNT MOUNT NNP 39142 1057 12 CHIMBORAZO CHIMBORAZO NNS 39142 1057 13 , , , 39142 1057 14 NEAR NEAR NNP 39142 1057 15 THE the DT 39142 1057 16 EQUATOR EQUATOR NNP 39142 1057 17 . . . 39142 1058 1 An an DT 39142 1058 2 observatory observatory NN 39142 1058 3 located locate VBN 39142 1058 4 on on IN 39142 1058 5 this this DT 39142 1058 6 mountain mountain NN 39142 1058 7 would would MD 39142 1058 8 make make VB 39142 1058 9 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1058 10 possible possible JJ 39142 1058 11 to to TO 39142 1058 12 study study VB 39142 1058 13 the the DT 39142 1058 14 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 1058 15 of of IN 39142 1058 16 northern northern JJ 39142 1058 17 and and CC 39142 1058 18 southern southern JJ 39142 1058 19 skies sky NNS 39142 1058 20 from from IN 39142 1058 21 the the DT 39142 1058 22 same same JJ 39142 1058 23 point point NN 39142 1058 24 . . . 39142 1059 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1059 2 _ _ NNP 39142 1059 3 Courtesy Courtesy NNP 39142 1059 4 , , , 39142 1059 5 Pan Pan NNP 39142 1059 6 - - NNP 39142 1059 7 American American NNP 39142 1059 8 Union Union NNP 39142 1059 9 . . . 39142 1059 10 _ _ NNP 39142 1059 11 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1059 12 ] ] -RRB- 39142 1059 13 [ [ -LRB- 39142 1059 14 Illustration illustration NN 39142 1059 15 : : : 39142 1059 16 LICK LICK NNP 39142 1059 17 OBSERVATORY OBSERVATORY NNP 39142 1059 18 , , , 39142 1059 19 ON on IN 39142 1059 20 THE the DT 39142 1059 21 SUMMIT SUMMIT NNP 39142 1059 22 OF of IN 39142 1059 23 MT MT NNP 39142 1059 24 . . . 39142 1060 1 HAMILTON HAMILTON NNP 39142 1060 2 , , , 39142 1060 3 ABOUT about IN 39142 1060 4 TWENTY TWENTY NNP 39142 1060 5 - - HYPH 39142 1060 6 FIVE five CD 39142 1060 7 MILES MILES NNP 39142 1060 8 S. S. NNP 39142 1060 9 W. w. NN 39142 1060 10 OF of IN 39142 1060 11 SAN SAN NNP 39142 1060 12 JOSE JOSE NNP 39142 1060 13 , , , 39142 1060 14 CALIFORNIA CALIFORNIA NNP 39142 1060 15 . . . 39142 1061 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1061 2 contains contain VBZ 39142 1061 3 the the DT 39142 1061 4 famous famous JJ 39142 1061 5 Lick Lick NNP 39142 1061 6 telescope telescope NN 39142 1061 7 , , , 39142 1061 8 a a DT 39142 1061 9 36-inch 36-inch CD 39142 1061 10 refractor refractor NN 39142 1061 11 . . . 39142 1061 12 ] ] -RRB- 39142 1062 1 [ [ -LRB- 39142 1062 2 Illustration illustration NN 39142 1062 3 : : : 39142 1062 4 NEAR near JJ 39142 1062 5 VIEW view NN 39142 1062 6 OF of IN 39142 1062 7 THE the DT 39142 1062 8 EYE EYE NNP 39142 1062 9 - - HYPH 39142 1062 10 END END NNP 39142 1062 11 OF of IN 39142 1062 12 THE the DT 39142 1062 13 YERKES YERKES NNP 39142 1062 14 TELESCOPE telescope NN 39142 1062 15 . . . 39142 1063 1 The the DT 39142 1063 2 eyepiece eyepiece NN 39142 1063 3 is be VBZ 39142 1063 4 removed remove VBN 39142 1063 5 and and CC 39142 1063 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1063 7 place place NN 39142 1063 8 taken take VBN 39142 1063 9 by by IN 39142 1063 10 a a DT 39142 1063 11 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1063 12 plate plate NN 39142 1063 13 . . . 39142 1063 14 ] ] -RRB- 39142 1064 1 Young Young NNP 39142 1064 2 was be VBD 39142 1064 3 the the DT 39142 1064 4 first first JJ 39142 1064 5 to to TO 39142 1064 6 photograph photograph VB 39142 1064 7 a a DT 39142 1064 8 solar solar JJ 39142 1064 9 prominence prominence NN 39142 1064 10 in in IN 39142 1064 11 1870 1870 CD 39142 1064 12 , , , 39142 1064 13 and and CC 39142 1064 14 twenty twenty CD 39142 1064 15 years year NNS 39142 1064 16 later later RB 39142 1064 17 Deslandres deslandre NNS 39142 1064 18 of of IN 39142 1064 19 Paris Paris NNP 39142 1064 20 and and CC 39142 1064 21 Hale Hale NNP 39142 1064 22 of of IN 39142 1064 23 Chicago Chicago NNP 39142 1064 24 independently independently RB 39142 1064 25 invented invent VBD 39142 1064 26 the the DT 39142 1064 27 spectroheliograph spectroheliograph NN 39142 1064 28 , , , 39142 1064 29 by by IN 39142 1064 30 which which WDT 39142 1064 31 the the DT 39142 1064 32 chromosphere chromosphere NN 39142 1064 33 and and CC 39142 1064 34 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1064 35 of of IN 39142 1064 36 the the DT 39142 1064 37 sun sun NN 39142 1064 38 , , , 39142 1064 39 as as RB 39142 1064 40 well well RB 39142 1064 41 as as IN 39142 1064 42 the the DT 39142 1064 43 disk disk NN 39142 1064 44 of of IN 39142 1064 45 the the DT 39142 1064 46 sun sun NN 39142 1064 47 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 1064 48 , , , 39142 1064 49 are be VBP 39142 1064 50 all all RB 39142 1064 51 photographed photograph VBN 39142 1064 52 by by IN 39142 1064 53 monochromatic monochromatic JJ 39142 1064 54 light light NN 39142 1064 55 on on IN 39142 1064 56 a a DT 39142 1064 57 single single JJ 39142 1064 58 plate plate NN 39142 1064 59 . . . 39142 1065 1 Hale Hale NNP 39142 1065 2 has have VBZ 39142 1065 3 developed develop VBN 39142 1065 4 this this DT 39142 1065 5 instrument instrument NN 39142 1065 6 almost almost RB 39142 1065 7 to to IN 39142 1065 8 the the DT 39142 1065 9 limit limit NN 39142 1065 10 , , , 39142 1065 11 first first RB 39142 1065 12 at at IN 39142 1065 13 the the DT 39142 1065 14 Yerkes Yerkes NNP 39142 1065 15 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1065 16 of of IN 39142 1065 17 the the DT 39142 1065 18 University University NNP 39142 1065 19 of of IN 39142 1065 20 Chicago Chicago NNP 39142 1065 21 , , , 39142 1065 22 and and CC 39142 1065 23 more more RBR 39142 1065 24 recently recently RB 39142 1065 25 at at IN 39142 1065 26 the the DT 39142 1065 27 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1065 28 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 1065 29 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1065 30 of of IN 39142 1065 31 the the DT 39142 1065 32 Carnegie Carnegie NNP 39142 1065 33 Institution Institution NNP 39142 1065 34 , , , 39142 1065 35 where where WRB 39142 1065 36 spectroheliograms spectroheliogram NNS 39142 1065 37 of of IN 39142 1065 38 marvelous marvelous JJ 39142 1065 39 perfection perfection NN 39142 1065 40 are be VBP 39142 1065 41 daily daily RB 39142 1065 42 taken take VBN 39142 1065 43 . . . 39142 1066 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1066 2 was be VBD 39142 1066 3 with with IN 39142 1066 4 this this DT 39142 1066 5 instrument instrument NN 39142 1066 6 that that WDT 39142 1066 7 Hale Hale NNP 39142 1066 8 discovered discover VBD 39142 1066 9 the the DT 39142 1066 10 effect effect NN 39142 1066 11 of of IN 39142 1066 12 an an DT 39142 1066 13 electro electro JJ 39142 1066 14 - - HYPH 39142 1066 15 magnetic magnetic JJ 39142 1066 16 field field NN 39142 1066 17 in in IN 39142 1066 18 sun sun NN 39142 1066 19 spots spot NNS 39142 1066 20 which which WDT 39142 1066 21 has have VBZ 39142 1066 22 revolutionized revolutionize VBN 39142 1066 23 solar solar JJ 39142 1066 24 theories theory NNS 39142 1066 25 , , , 39142 1066 26 a a DT 39142 1066 27 research research NN 39142 1066 28 impossible impossible JJ 39142 1066 29 to to TO 39142 1066 30 conceive conceive VB 39142 1066 31 of of IN 39142 1066 32 without without IN 39142 1066 33 the the DT 39142 1066 34 aid aid NN 39142 1066 35 of of IN 39142 1066 36 photography photography NN 39142 1066 37 . . . 39142 1067 1 When when WRB 39142 1067 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1067 3 apply apply VBP 39142 1067 4 Doppler Doppler NNP 39142 1067 5 's 's POS 39142 1067 6 principle principle NN 39142 1067 7 , , , 39142 1067 8 photography photography NN 39142 1067 9 becomes become VBZ 39142 1067 10 doubly doubly RB 39142 1067 11 advantageous advantageous JJ 39142 1067 12 , , , 39142 1067 13 whether whether IN 39142 1067 14 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1067 15 determine determine VBP 39142 1067 16 , , , 39142 1067 17 as as IN 39142 1067 18 Dunér Dunér NNP 39142 1067 19 did do VBD 39142 1067 20 and and CC 39142 1067 21 more more RBR 39142 1067 22 recently recently RB 39142 1067 23 Adams Adams NNP 39142 1067 24 , , , 39142 1067 25 the the DT 39142 1067 26 sun sun NN 39142 1067 27 's 's POS 39142 1067 28 own own JJ 39142 1067 29 rotation rotation NN 39142 1067 30 and and CC 39142 1067 31 find find VB 39142 1067 32 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1067 33 to to TO 39142 1067 34 vary vary VB 39142 1067 35 in in IN 39142 1067 36 different different JJ 39142 1067 37 solar solar JJ 39142 1067 38 latitudes latitude NNS 39142 1067 39 , , , 39142 1067 40 the the DT 39142 1067 41 equator equator NN 39142 1067 42 going go VBG 39142 1067 43 fastest fast RBS 39142 1067 44 ; ; : 39142 1067 45 or or CC 39142 1067 46 apply apply VB 39142 1067 47 the the DT 39142 1067 48 method method NN 39142 1067 49 to to IN 39142 1067 50 the the DT 39142 1067 51 sun sun NN 39142 1067 52 's 's POS 39142 1067 53 corona corona NN 39142 1067 54 at at IN 39142 1067 55 the the DT 39142 1067 56 east east NNP 39142 1067 57 and and CC 39142 1067 58 west west NNP 39142 1067 59 limbs limb NNS 39142 1067 60 of of IN 39142 1067 61 the the DT 39142 1067 62 sun sun NN 39142 1067 63 , , , 39142 1067 64 which which WDT 39142 1067 65 Deslandres deslandre VBZ 39142 1067 66 in in IN 39142 1067 67 1893 1893 CD 39142 1067 68 proved prove VBD 39142 1067 69 to to TO 39142 1067 70 be be VB 39142 1067 71 rotating rotate VBG 39142 1067 72 bodily bodily RB 39142 1067 73 with with IN 39142 1067 74 the the DT 39142 1067 75 sun sun NN 39142 1067 76 , , , 39142 1067 77 because because IN 39142 1067 78 of of IN 39142 1067 79 the the DT 39142 1067 80 measured measure VBN 39142 1067 81 displacement displacement NN 39142 1067 82 of of IN 39142 1067 83 spectral spectral JJ 39142 1067 84 lines line NNS 39142 1067 85 of of IN 39142 1067 86 the the DT 39142 1067 87 corona corona NN 39142 1067 88 in in IN 39142 1067 89 juxtaposition juxtaposition NN 39142 1067 90 on on IN 39142 1067 91 the the DT 39142 1067 92 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1067 93 plate plate NN 39142 1067 94 . . . 39142 1068 1 In in IN 39142 1068 2 the the DT 39142 1068 3 solar solar JJ 39142 1068 4 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 1068 5 of of IN 39142 1068 6 measurement measurement NNP 39142 1068 7 , , , 39142 1068 8 too too RB 39142 1068 9 , , , 39142 1068 10 photography photography NN 39142 1068 11 has have VBZ 39142 1068 12 been be VBN 39142 1068 13 helpfully helpfully RB 39142 1068 14 utilized utilize VBN 39142 1068 15 , , , 39142 1068 16 as as IN 39142 1068 17 in in IN 39142 1068 18 registering register VBG 39142 1068 19 the the DT 39142 1068 20 transits transit NNS 39142 1068 21 of of IN 39142 1068 22 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 1068 23 over over IN 39142 1068 24 the the DT 39142 1068 25 sun sun NN 39142 1068 26 's 's POS 39142 1068 27 disk disk NN 39142 1068 28 , , , 39142 1068 29 for for IN 39142 1068 30 correcting correct VBG 39142 1068 31 the the DT 39142 1068 32 tables table NNS 39142 1068 33 of of IN 39142 1068 34 the the DT 39142 1068 35 planet planet NN 39142 1068 36 's 's POS 39142 1068 37 orbital orbital JJ 39142 1068 38 motion motion NN 39142 1068 39 ; ; : 39142 1068 40 and and CC 39142 1068 41 most most RBS 39142 1068 42 prominently prominently RB 39142 1068 43 in in IN 39142 1068 44 the the DT 39142 1068 45 action action NN 39142 1068 46 taken take VBN 39142 1068 47 by by IN 39142 1068 48 the the DT 39142 1068 49 principal principal JJ 39142 1068 50 governments government NNS 39142 1068 51 of of IN 39142 1068 52 the the DT 39142 1068 53 world world NN 39142 1068 54 in in IN 39142 1068 55 sending send VBG 39142 1068 56 out out RP 39142 1068 57 expeditions expedition NNS 39142 1068 58 to to TO 39142 1068 59 observe observe VB 39142 1068 60 the the DT 39142 1068 61 transits transit NNS 39142 1068 62 of of IN 39142 1068 63 Venus Venus NNP 39142 1068 64 in in IN 39142 1068 65 1874 1874 CD 39142 1068 66 and and CC 39142 1068 67 1882 1882 CD 39142 1068 68 , , , 39142 1068 69 for for IN 39142 1068 70 the the DT 39142 1068 71 purpose purpose NN 39142 1068 72 of of IN 39142 1068 73 determining determine VBG 39142 1068 74 the the DT 39142 1068 75 parallax parallax NN 39142 1068 76 of of IN 39142 1068 77 Venus Venus NNP 39142 1068 78 and and CC 39142 1068 79 so so RB 39142 1068 80 the the DT 39142 1068 81 distance distance NN 39142 1068 82 of of IN 39142 1068 83 the the DT 39142 1068 84 earth earth NN 39142 1068 85 from from IN 39142 1068 86 the the DT 39142 1068 87 sun sun NN 39142 1068 88 . . . 39142 1069 1 In in IN 39142 1069 2 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1069 3 studies study NNS 39142 1069 4 of of IN 39142 1069 5 the the DT 39142 1069 6 moon moon NN 39142 1069 7 , , , 39142 1069 8 photography photography NN 39142 1069 9 has have VBZ 39142 1069 10 almost almost RB 39142 1069 11 completely completely RB 39142 1069 12 superseded superseded JJ 39142 1069 13 ocular ocular JJ 39142 1069 14 work work NN 39142 1069 15 during during IN 39142 1069 16 the the DT 39142 1069 17 past past JJ 39142 1069 18 sixty sixty CD 39142 1069 19 years year NNS 39142 1069 20 . . . 39142 1070 1 Rutherfurd Rutherfurd NNP 39142 1070 2 and and CC 39142 1070 3 Draper Draper NNP 39142 1070 4 of of IN 39142 1070 5 New New NNP 39142 1070 6 York York NNP 39142 1070 7 about about IN 39142 1070 8 1865 1865 CD 39142 1070 9 obtained obtain VBD 39142 1070 10 very very RB 39142 1070 11 excellent excellent JJ 39142 1070 12 lunar lunar JJ 39142 1070 13 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1070 14 with with IN 39142 1070 15 wet wet JJ 39142 1070 16 plates plate NNS 39142 1070 17 , , , 39142 1070 18 which which WDT 39142 1070 19 were be VBD 39142 1070 20 unexcelled unexcelle VBN 39142 1070 21 for for IN 39142 1070 22 nearly nearly RB 39142 1070 23 half half PDT 39142 1070 24 a a DT 39142 1070 25 century century NN 39142 1070 26 . . . 39142 1071 1 The the DT 39142 1071 2 Harvard Harvard NNP 39142 1071 3 , , , 39142 1071 4 Lick Lick NNP 39142 1071 5 , , , 39142 1071 6 and and CC 39142 1071 7 Paris Paris NNP 39142 1071 8 Observatories Observatories NNPS 39142 1071 9 have have VBP 39142 1071 10 published publish VBN 39142 1071 11 pretty pretty RB 39142 1071 12 complete complete JJ 39142 1071 13 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1071 14 atlases atlas NNS 39142 1071 15 of of IN 39142 1071 16 the the DT 39142 1071 17 moon moon NN 39142 1071 18 , , , 39142 1071 19 and and CC 39142 1071 20 the the DT 39142 1071 21 best good JJS 39142 1071 22 negatives negative NNS 39142 1071 23 of of IN 39142 1071 24 these these DT 39142 1071 25 series series NN 39142 1071 26 show show VBP 39142 1071 27 nearly nearly RB 39142 1071 28 everything everything NN 39142 1071 29 that that WDT 39142 1071 30 the the DT 39142 1071 31 eye eye NN 39142 1071 32 can can MD 39142 1071 33 discern discern VB 39142 1071 34 , , , 39142 1071 35 except except IN 39142 1071 36 under under IN 39142 1071 37 unusual unusual JJ 39142 1071 38 circumstances circumstance NNS 39142 1071 39 . . . 39142 1072 1 Later later RBR 39142 1072 2 lunar lunar JJ 39142 1072 3 photography photography NN 39142 1072 4 was be VBD 39142 1072 5 taken take VBN 39142 1072 6 up up RP 39142 1072 7 at at IN 39142 1072 8 the the DT 39142 1072 9 Yerkes Yerkes NNP 39142 1072 10 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1072 11 , , , 39142 1072 12 and and CC 39142 1072 13 exceptionally exceptionally RB 39142 1072 14 fine fine JJ 39142 1072 15 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1072 16 on on IN 39142 1072 17 a a DT 39142 1072 18 large large JJ 39142 1072 19 scale scale NN 39142 1072 20 were be VBD 39142 1072 21 obtained obtain VBN 39142 1072 22 with with IN 39142 1072 23 the the DT 39142 1072 24 40-inch 40-inch CD 39142 1072 25 refractor refractor NN 39142 1072 26 , , , 39142 1072 27 using use VBG 39142 1072 28 a a DT 39142 1072 29 color color NN 39142 1072 30 screen screen NN 39142 1072 31 . . . 39142 1073 1 More more RBR 39142 1073 2 recently recently RB 39142 1073 3 the the DT 39142 1073 4 60-inch 60-inch CD 39142 1073 5 and and CC 39142 1073 6 100-inch 100-inch CD 39142 1073 7 mirrors mirror NNS 39142 1073 8 of of IN 39142 1073 9 the the DT 39142 1073 10 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1073 11 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 1073 12 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1073 13 have have VBP 39142 1073 14 taken take VBN 39142 1073 15 a a DT 39142 1073 16 series series NN 39142 1073 17 of of IN 39142 1073 18 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1073 19 of of IN 39142 1073 20 the the DT 39142 1073 21 moon moon NN 39142 1073 22 far far RB 39142 1073 23 surpassing surpass VBG 39142 1073 24 everything everything NN 39142 1073 25 previously previously RB 39142 1073 26 done do VBN 39142 1073 27 , , , 39142 1073 28 as as IN 39142 1073 29 was be VBD 39142 1073 30 to to TO 39142 1073 31 be be VB 39142 1073 32 expected expect VBN 39142 1073 33 from from IN 39142 1073 34 the the DT 39142 1073 35 unique unique JJ 39142 1073 36 combination combination NN 39142 1073 37 of of IN 39142 1073 38 a a DT 39142 1073 39 tranquil tranquil JJ 39142 1073 40 mountain mountain NN 39142 1073 41 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1073 42 with with IN 39142 1073 43 the the DT 39142 1073 44 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 39142 1073 45 optical optical JJ 39142 1073 46 power power NN 39142 1073 47 of of IN 39142 1073 48 the the DT 39142 1073 49 instruments instrument NNS 39142 1073 50 , , , 39142 1073 51 and and CC 39142 1073 52 a a DT 39142 1073 53 special special JJ 39142 1073 54 adaptation adaptation NN 39142 1073 55 of of IN 39142 1073 56 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1073 57 methods method NNS 39142 1073 58 . . . 39142 1074 1 During during IN 39142 1074 2 lunar lunar JJ 39142 1074 3 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1074 4 , , , 39142 1074 5 Pickering Pickering NNP 39142 1074 6 has have VBZ 39142 1074 7 made make VBN 39142 1074 8 a a DT 39142 1074 9 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1074 10 search search NN 39142 1074 11 for for IN 39142 1074 12 a a DT 39142 1074 13 possible possible JJ 39142 1074 14 satellite satellite NN 39142 1074 15 of of IN 39142 1074 16 the the DT 39142 1074 17 moon moon NN 39142 1074 18 , , , 39142 1074 19 occultations occultation NNS 39142 1074 20 of of IN 39142 1074 21 stars star NNS 39142 1074 22 by by IN 39142 1074 23 the the DT 39142 1074 24 moon moon NN 39142 1074 25 have have VBP 39142 1074 26 been be VBN 39142 1074 27 recorded record VBN 39142 1074 28 by by IN 39142 1074 29 photography photography NN 39142 1074 30 , , , 39142 1074 31 and and CC 39142 1074 32 Russell Russell NNP 39142 1074 33 of of IN 39142 1074 34 Princeton Princeton NNP 39142 1074 35 has have VBZ 39142 1074 36 shown show VBN 39142 1074 37 how how WRB 39142 1074 38 the the DT 39142 1074 39 position position NN 39142 1074 40 of of IN 39142 1074 41 the the DT 39142 1074 42 moon moon NN 39142 1074 43 among among IN 39142 1074 44 the the DT 39142 1074 45 stars star NNS 39142 1074 46 can can MD 39142 1074 47 be be VB 39142 1074 48 determined determine VBN 39142 1074 49 by by IN 39142 1074 50 the the DT 39142 1074 51 aid aid NN 39142 1074 52 of of IN 39142 1074 53 photography photography NN 39142 1074 54 with with IN 39142 1074 55 a a DT 39142 1074 56 high high JJ 39142 1074 57 order order NN 39142 1074 58 of of IN 39142 1074 59 precision precision NN 39142 1074 60 . . . 39142 1075 1 The the DT 39142 1075 2 story story NN 39142 1075 3 of of IN 39142 1075 4 planetary planetary JJ 39142 1075 5 photography photography NN 39142 1075 6 is be VBZ 39142 1075 7 on on IN 39142 1075 8 the the DT 39142 1075 9 whole whole JJ 39142 1075 10 disappointing disappointing NN 39142 1075 11 . . . 39142 1076 1 Much much JJ 39142 1076 2 has have VBZ 39142 1076 3 been be VBN 39142 1076 4 done do VBN 39142 1076 5 , , , 39142 1076 6 but but CC 39142 1076 7 there there EX 39142 1076 8 is be VBZ 39142 1076 9 much much JJ 39142 1076 10 that that WDT 39142 1076 11 is be VBZ 39142 1076 12 within within IN 39142 1076 13 reach reach NN 39142 1076 14 , , , 39142 1076 15 or or CC 39142 1076 16 ought ought MD 39142 1076 17 to to TO 39142 1076 18 be be VB 39142 1076 19 , , , 39142 1076 20 that that WDT 39142 1076 21 remains remain VBZ 39142 1076 22 undone undone JJ 39142 1076 23 . . . 39142 1077 1 From from IN 39142 1077 2 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 1077 3 nothing nothing NN 39142 1077 4 ought ought MD 39142 1077 5 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 1077 6 to to TO 39142 1077 7 be be VB 39142 1077 8 expected expect VBN 39142 1077 9 . . . 39142 1078 1 On on IN 39142 1078 2 many many JJ 39142 1078 3 of of IN 39142 1078 4 the the DT 39142 1078 5 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1078 6 of of IN 39142 1078 7 the the DT 39142 1078 8 transit transit NN 39142 1078 9 of of IN 39142 1078 10 Venus Venus NNP 39142 1078 11 , , , 39142 1078 12 especially especially RB 39142 1078 13 those those DT 39142 1078 14 taken take VBN 39142 1078 15 under under IN 39142 1078 16 the the DT 39142 1078 17 writer writer NN 39142 1078 18 's 's POS 39142 1078 19 direction direction NN 39142 1078 20 at at IN 39142 1078 21 the the DT 39142 1078 22 Lick Lick NNP 39142 1078 23 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1078 24 in in IN 39142 1078 25 1882 1882 CD 39142 1078 26 , , , 39142 1078 27 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1078 28 have have VBP 39142 1078 29 unmistakable unmistakable JJ 39142 1078 30 evidence evidence NN 39142 1078 31 of of IN 39142 1078 32 the the DT 39142 1078 33 planet planet NN 39142 1078 34 's 's POS 39142 1078 35 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1078 36 . . . 39142 1079 1 Here here RB 39142 1079 2 again again RB 39142 1079 3 the the DT 39142 1079 4 wet wet JJ 39142 1079 5 plate plate NN 39142 1079 6 process process NN 39142 1079 7 , , , 39142 1079 8 although although IN 39142 1079 9 more more RBR 39142 1079 10 clumsy clumsy JJ 39142 1079 11 , , , 39142 1079 12 demonstrated demonstrate VBD 39142 1079 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1079 14 superiority superiority NN 39142 1079 15 over over IN 39142 1079 16 the the DT 39142 1079 17 dry dry JJ 39142 1079 18 process process NN 39142 1079 19 used use VBN 39142 1079 20 by by IN 39142 1079 21 other other JJ 39142 1079 22 expeditions expedition NNS 39142 1079 23 . . . 39142 1080 1 In in IN 39142 1080 2 spectroscopy spectroscopy NN 39142 1080 3 , , , 39142 1080 4 Bélopolsky Bélopolsky NNP 39142 1080 5 has have VBZ 39142 1080 6 sought seek VBN 39142 1080 7 to to TO 39142 1080 8 determine determine VB 39142 1080 9 the the DT 39142 1080 10 period period NN 39142 1080 11 of of IN 39142 1080 12 rotation rotation NN 39142 1080 13 of of IN 39142 1080 14 Venus Venus NNP 39142 1080 15 on on IN 39142 1080 16 her -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1080 17 axis axis NN 39142 1080 18 . . . 39142 1081 1 At at IN 39142 1081 2 the the DT 39142 1081 3 Lowell Lowell NNP 39142 1081 4 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1081 5 , , , 39142 1081 6 Douglass Douglass NNP 39142 1081 7 succeeded succeed VBD 39142 1081 8 in in IN 39142 1081 9 photographing photograph VBG 39142 1081 10 the the DT 39142 1081 11 faint faint JJ 39142 1081 12 zodiacal zodiacal JJ 39142 1081 13 light light NN 39142 1081 14 , , , 39142 1081 15 and and CC 39142 1081 16 very very RB 39142 1081 17 successful successful JJ 39142 1081 18 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1081 19 of of IN 39142 1081 20 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1081 21 were be VBD 39142 1081 22 taken take VBN 39142 1081 23 at at IN 39142 1081 24 this this DT 39142 1081 25 institution institution NN 39142 1081 26 as as RB 39142 1081 27 early early RB 39142 1081 28 as as IN 39142 1081 29 1905 1905 CD 39142 1081 30 by by IN 39142 1081 31 Slipher Slipher NNP 39142 1081 32 . . . 39142 1082 1 Two two CD 39142 1082 2 years year NNS 39142 1082 3 later later RB 39142 1082 4 these these DT 39142 1082 5 were be VBD 39142 1082 6 much much RB 39142 1082 7 improved improve VBN 39142 1082 8 upon upon IN 39142 1082 9 by by IN 39142 1082 10 the the DT 39142 1082 11 writer writer NN 39142 1082 12 's 's POS 39142 1082 13 expedition expedition NN 39142 1082 14 to to IN 39142 1082 15 the the DT 39142 1082 16 Andes Andes NNP 39142 1082 17 of of IN 39142 1082 18 Chile Chile NNP 39142 1082 19 , , , 39142 1082 20 when when WRB 39142 1082 21 12,000 12,000 CD 39142 1082 22 exposures exposure NNS 39142 1082 23 of of IN 39142 1082 24 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1082 25 were be VBD 39142 1082 26 made make VBN 39142 1082 27 , , , 39142 1082 28 many many JJ 39142 1082 29 of of IN 39142 1082 30 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1082 31 showing show VBG 39142 1082 32 the the DT 39142 1082 33 principal principal NN 39142 1082 34 _ _ NNP 39142 1082 35 canali canali NNP 39142 1082 36 _ _ NNP 39142 1082 37 , , , 39142 1082 38 and and CC 39142 1082 39 other other JJ 39142 1082 40 prominent prominent JJ 39142 1082 41 features feature NNS 39142 1082 42 of of IN 39142 1082 43 the the DT 39142 1082 44 planet planet NN 39142 1082 45 's 's POS 39142 1082 46 disk disk NN 39142 1082 47 . . . 39142 1083 1 At at IN 39142 1083 2 subsequent subsequent JJ 39142 1083 3 oppositions opposition NNS 39142 1083 4 of of IN 39142 1083 5 the the DT 39142 1083 6 planet planet NN 39142 1083 7 , , , 39142 1083 8 Barnard Barnard NNP 39142 1083 9 at at IN 39142 1083 10 the the DT 39142 1083 11 Yerkes Yerkes NNP 39142 1083 12 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1083 13 and and CC 39142 1083 14 the the DT 39142 1083 15 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1083 16 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 1083 17 observers observer NNS 39142 1083 18 have have VBP 39142 1083 19 far far RB 39142 1083 20 surpassed surpass VBN 39142 1083 21 all all PDT 39142 1083 22 these these DT 39142 1083 23 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1083 24 . . . 39142 1084 1 For for IN 39142 1084 2 future future JJ 39142 1084 3 oppositions opposition NNS 39142 1084 4 a a DT 39142 1084 5 more more RBR 39142 1084 6 sensitive sensitive JJ 39142 1084 7 film film NN 39142 1084 8 is be VBZ 39142 1084 9 highly highly RB 39142 1084 10 desired desire VBN 39142 1084 11 , , , 39142 1084 12 in in IN 39142 1084 13 connection connection NN 39142 1084 14 with with IN 39142 1084 15 instruments instrument NNS 39142 1084 16 possessing possess VBG 39142 1084 17 greater great JJR 39142 1084 18 light light NN 39142 1084 19 - - HYPH 39142 1084 20 gathering gather VBG 39142 1084 21 power power NN 39142 1084 22 , , , 39142 1084 23 so so CC 39142 1084 24 permitting permit VBG 39142 1084 25 a a DT 39142 1084 26 briefer briefer NN 39142 1084 27 exposure exposure NN 39142 1084 28 that that WDT 39142 1084 29 will will MD 39142 1084 30 be be VB 39142 1084 31 less less RBR 39142 1084 32 influenced influence VBN 39142 1084 33 by by IN 39142 1084 34 irregularities irregularity NNS 39142 1084 35 and and CC 39142 1084 36 defects defect NNS 39142 1084 37 of of IN 39142 1084 38 the the DT 39142 1084 39 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1084 40 . . . 39142 1085 1 The the DT 39142 1085 2 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1085 3 of of IN 39142 1085 4 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1085 5 is be VBZ 39142 1085 6 of of IN 39142 1085 7 course course NN 39142 1085 8 that that DT 39142 1085 9 of of IN 39142 1085 10 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 1085 11 , , , 39142 1085 12 very very RB 39142 1085 13 much much RB 39142 1085 14 reduced reduce VBN 39142 1085 15 , , , 39142 1085 16 and and CC 39142 1085 17 modified modify VBN 39142 1085 18 to to IN 39142 1085 19 a a DT 39142 1085 20 slight slight JJ 39142 1085 21 extent extent NN 39142 1085 22 by by IN 39142 1085 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1085 24 passing passing NN 39142 1085 25 twice twice RB 39142 1085 26 through through IN 39142 1085 27 the the DT 39142 1085 28 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1085 29 of of IN 39142 1085 30 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1085 31 . . . 39142 1086 1 What what WDT 39142 1086 2 amount amount NN 39142 1086 3 of of IN 39142 1086 4 aqueous aqueous JJ 39142 1086 5 vapor vapor NN 39142 1086 6 that that WDT 39142 1086 7 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1086 8 may may MD 39142 1086 9 contain contain VB 39142 1086 10 is be VBZ 39142 1086 11 a a DT 39142 1086 12 question question NN 39142 1086 13 that that WDT 39142 1086 14 can can MD 39142 1086 15 be be VB 39142 1086 16 answered answer VBN 39142 1086 17 only only RB 39142 1086 18 by by IN 39142 1086 19 critical critical JJ 39142 1086 20 comparison comparison NN 39142 1086 21 of of IN 39142 1086 22 the the DT 39142 1086 23 Martian Martian NNP 39142 1086 24 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1086 25 with with IN 39142 1086 26 the the DT 39142 1086 27 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1086 28 of of IN 39142 1086 29 the the DT 39142 1086 30 moon moon NN 39142 1086 31 , , , 39142 1086 32 and and CC 39142 1086 33 photography photography NNP 39142 1086 34 affords afford VBZ 39142 1086 35 the the DT 39142 1086 36 only only JJ 39142 1086 37 method method NN 39142 1086 38 by by IN 39142 1086 39 which which WDT 39142 1086 40 this this DT 39142 1086 41 can can MD 39142 1086 42 be be VB 39142 1086 43 done do VBN 39142 1086 44 . . . 39142 1087 1 Many many JJ 39142 1087 2 are be VBP 39142 1087 3 the the DT 39142 1087 4 ways way NNS 39142 1087 5 in in IN 39142 1087 6 which which WDT 39142 1087 7 photography photography NN 39142 1087 8 has have VBZ 39142 1087 9 aided aid VBN 39142 1087 10 research research NN 39142 1087 11 on on IN 39142 1087 12 the the DT 39142 1087 13 asteroid asteroid NN 39142 1087 14 group group NN 39142 1087 15 . . . 39142 1088 1 Since since IN 39142 1088 2 1891 1891 CD 39142 1088 3 more more JJR 39142 1088 4 than than IN 39142 1088 5 600 600 CD 39142 1088 6 of of IN 39142 1088 7 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1088 8 have have VBP 39142 1088 9 been be VBN 39142 1088 10 discovered discover VBN 39142 1088 11 by by IN 39142 1088 12 photography photography NN 39142 1088 13 , , , 39142 1088 14 and and CC 39142 1088 15 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1088 16 is be VBZ 39142 1088 17 many many JJ 39142 1088 18 times time NNS 39142 1088 19 easier easy JJR 39142 1088 20 to to TO 39142 1088 21 find find VB 39142 1088 22 the the DT 39142 1088 23 new new JJ 39142 1088 24 object object NN 39142 1088 25 on on IN 39142 1088 26 the the DT 39142 1088 27 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1088 28 plate plate NN 39142 1088 29 than than IN 39142 1088 30 to to TO 39142 1088 31 detect detect VB 39142 1088 32 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1088 33 in in IN 39142 1088 34 the the DT 39142 1088 35 sky sky NN 39142 1088 36 as as IN 39142 1088 37 was be VBD 39142 1088 38 formerly formerly RB 39142 1088 39 done do VBN 39142 1088 40 by by IN 39142 1088 41 means mean NNS 39142 1088 42 of of IN 39142 1088 43 star star NN 39142 1088 44 charts chart NNS 39142 1088 45 . . . 39142 1089 1 The the DT 39142 1089 2 planet planet NN 39142 1089 3 by by IN 39142 1089 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1089 5 motion motion NN 39142 1089 6 during during IN 39142 1089 7 the the DT 39142 1089 8 exposure exposure NN 39142 1089 9 of of IN 39142 1089 10 the the DT 39142 1089 11 plate plate NN 39142 1089 12 produces produce VBZ 39142 1089 13 a a DT 39142 1089 14 trail trail NN 39142 1089 15 , , , 39142 1089 16 whereas whereas IN 39142 1089 17 the the DT 39142 1089 18 surrounding surround VBG 39142 1089 19 stars star NNS 39142 1089 20 are be VBP 39142 1089 21 all all DT 39142 1089 22 round round JJ 39142 1089 23 dots dot NNS 39142 1089 24 or or CC 39142 1089 25 images image NNS 39142 1089 26 . . . 39142 1090 1 Or or CC 39142 1090 2 by by IN 39142 1090 3 moving move VBG 39142 1090 4 the the DT 39142 1090 5 plate plate NN 39142 1090 6 slightly slightly RB 39142 1090 7 during during IN 39142 1090 8 exposure exposure NN 39142 1090 9 , , , 39142 1090 10 as as IN 39142 1090 11 in in IN 39142 1090 12 Metcalf Metcalf NNP 39142 1090 13 's 's POS 39142 1090 14 ingenious ingenious JJ 39142 1090 15 method method NN 39142 1090 16 , , , 39142 1090 17 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1090 18 may may MD 39142 1090 19 catch catch VB 39142 1090 20 the the DT 39142 1090 21 planet planet NN 39142 1090 22 at at IN 39142 1090 23 that that DT 39142 1090 24 point point NN 39142 1090 25 where where WRB 39142 1090 26 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1090 27 will will MD 39142 1090 28 give give VB 39142 1090 29 a a DT 39142 1090 30 nearly nearly RB 39142 1090 31 circular circular JJ 39142 1090 32 image image NN 39142 1090 33 , , , 39142 1090 34 and and CC 39142 1090 35 thus thus RB 39142 1090 36 be be VB 39142 1090 37 quite quite RB 39142 1090 38 as as RB 39142 1090 39 easy easy JJ 39142 1090 40 to to TO 39142 1090 41 detect detect VB 39142 1090 42 , , , 39142 1090 43 because because IN 39142 1090 44 all all PDT 39142 1090 45 the the DT 39142 1090 46 stars star NNS 39142 1090 47 on on IN 39142 1090 48 the the DT 39142 1090 49 same same JJ 39142 1090 50 plate plate NN 39142 1090 51 will will MD 39142 1090 52 then then RB 39142 1090 53 be be VB 39142 1090 54 trails trail NNS 39142 1090 55 . . . 39142 1091 1 Photographic photographic JJ 39142 1091 2 photometry photometry NN 39142 1091 3 of of IN 39142 1091 4 the the DT 39142 1091 5 asteroids asteroid NNS 39142 1091 6 has have VBZ 39142 1091 7 revealed reveal VBN 39142 1091 8 marked marked JJ 39142 1091 9 variations variation NNS 39142 1091 10 in in IN 39142 1091 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1091 12 light light NN 39142 1091 13 , , , 39142 1091 14 due due IN 39142 1091 15 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 1091 16 to to IN 39142 1091 17 irregularities irregularity NNS 39142 1091 18 of of IN 39142 1091 19 figure figure NN 39142 1091 20 . . . 39142 1092 1 On on IN 39142 1092 2 account account NN 39142 1092 3 of of IN 39142 1092 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1092 5 faint faint JJ 39142 1092 6 light light NN 39142 1092 7 , , , 39142 1092 8 the the DT 39142 1092 9 asteroids asteroid NNS 39142 1092 10 are be VBP 39142 1092 11 especially especially RB 39142 1092 12 suited suit VBN 39142 1092 13 , , , 39142 1092 14 as as IN 39142 1092 15 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1092 16 is be VBZ 39142 1092 17 not not RB 39142 1092 18 , , , 39142 1092 19 to to TO 39142 1092 20 exact exact VB 39142 1092 21 photography photography NN 39142 1092 22 for for IN 39142 1092 23 ascertaining ascertain VBG 39142 1092 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1092 25 parallax parallax NN 39142 1092 26 , , , 39142 1092 27 and and CC 39142 1092 28 from from IN 39142 1092 29 this this DT 39142 1092 30 the the DT 39142 1092 31 sun sun NN 39142 1092 32 's 's POS 39142 1092 33 distance distance NN 39142 1092 34 when when WRB 39142 1092 35 the the DT 39142 1092 36 asteroid asteroid NN 39142 1092 37 's 's POS 39142 1092 38 distance distance NN 39142 1092 39 has have VBZ 39142 1092 40 been be VBN 39142 1092 41 found find VBN 39142 1092 42 . . . 39142 1093 1 Many many JJ 39142 1093 2 asteroids asteroid NNS 39142 1093 3 have have VBP 39142 1093 4 been be VBN 39142 1093 5 utilized utilize VBN 39142 1093 6 in in IN 39142 1093 7 this this DT 39142 1093 8 way way NN 39142 1093 9 , , , 39142 1093 10 in in IN 39142 1093 11 particular particular JJ 39142 1093 12 Eros Eros NNP 39142 1093 13 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1093 14 433 433 CD 39142 1093 15 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1093 16 . . . 39142 1094 1 In in IN 39142 1094 2 1931 1931 CD 39142 1094 3 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1094 4 approaches approach VBZ 39142 1094 5 the the DT 39142 1094 6 earth earth NN 39142 1094 7 within within IN 39142 1094 8 13 13 CD 39142 1094 9 million million CD 39142 1094 10 miles mile NNS 39142 1094 11 , , , 39142 1094 12 when when WRB 39142 1094 13 the the DT 39142 1094 14 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1094 15 method method NN 39142 1094 16 will will MD 39142 1094 17 doubtless doubtless RB 39142 1094 18 give give VB 39142 1094 19 the the DT 39142 1094 20 sun sun NN 39142 1094 21 's 's POS 39142 1094 22 distance distance NN 39142 1094 23 with with IN 39142 1094 24 the the DT 39142 1094 25 utmost utmost JJ 39142 1094 26 accuracy accuracy NN 39142 1094 27 . . . 39142 1095 1 Photographs photograph NNS 39142 1095 2 of of IN 39142 1095 3 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 1095 4 have have VBP 39142 1095 5 been be VBN 39142 1095 6 very very RB 39142 1095 7 successfully successfully RB 39142 1095 8 taken take VBN 39142 1095 9 at at IN 39142 1095 10 the the DT 39142 1095 11 Yerkes Yerkes NNP 39142 1095 12 and and CC 39142 1095 13 Lowell Lowell NNP 39142 1095 14 Observatories Observatories NNPS 39142 1095 15 and and CC 39142 1095 16 elsewhere elsewhere RB 39142 1095 17 , , , 39142 1095 18 but but CC 39142 1095 19 the the DT 39142 1095 20 great great JJ 39142 1095 21 depth depth NN 39142 1095 22 of of IN 39142 1095 23 the the DT 39142 1095 24 planet planet NN 39142 1095 25 's 's POS 39142 1095 26 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1095 27 is be VBZ 39142 1095 28 highly highly RB 39142 1095 29 absorptive absorptive JJ 39142 1095 30 , , , 39142 1095 31 so so IN 39142 1095 32 that that IN 39142 1095 33 the the DT 39142 1095 34 impression impression NN 39142 1095 35 is be VBZ 39142 1095 36 very very RB 39142 1095 37 weak weak JJ 39142 1095 38 in in IN 39142 1095 39 the the DT 39142 1095 40 neighborhood neighborhood NN 39142 1095 41 of of IN 39142 1095 42 the the DT 39142 1095 43 limb limb NN 39142 1095 44 , , , 39142 1095 45 if if IN 39142 1095 46 the the DT 39142 1095 47 exposure exposure NN 39142 1095 48 is be VBZ 39142 1095 49 correctly correctly RB 39142 1095 50 timed time VBN 39142 1095 51 for for IN 39142 1095 52 the the DT 39142 1095 53 center center NN 39142 1095 54 of of IN 39142 1095 55 the the DT 39142 1095 56 disk disk NN 39142 1095 57 . . . 39142 1096 1 The the DT 39142 1096 2 striking strike VBG 39142 1096 3 detail detail NN 39142 1096 4 of of IN 39142 1096 5 the the DT 39142 1096 6 belts belt NNS 39142 1096 7 , , , 39142 1096 8 however however RB 39142 1096 9 , , , 39142 1096 10 is be VBZ 39142 1096 11 excellently excellently RB 39142 1096 12 shown show VBN 39142 1096 13 . . . 39142 1097 1 Wood wood NN 39142 1097 2 of of IN 39142 1097 3 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 39142 1097 4 has have VBZ 39142 1097 5 obtained obtain VBN 39142 1097 6 excellent excellent JJ 39142 1097 7 results result NNS 39142 1097 8 by by IN 39142 1097 9 monochromatic monochromatic JJ 39142 1097 10 photography photography NN 39142 1097 11 of of IN 39142 1097 12 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 1097 13 and and CC 39142 1097 14 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 1097 15 with with IN 39142 1097 16 the the DT 39142 1097 17 60-inch 60-inch CD 39142 1097 18 reflector reflector NN 39142 1097 19 on on IN 39142 1097 20 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1097 21 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 1097 22 . . . 39142 1098 1 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 1098 2 's 's POS 39142 1098 3 satellites satellite NNS 39142 1098 4 have have VBP 39142 1098 5 not not RB 39142 1098 6 been be VBN 39142 1098 7 neglected neglect VBN 39142 1098 8 photographically photographically RB 39142 1098 9 , , , 39142 1098 10 and and CC 39142 1098 11 Pickering Pickering NNP 39142 1098 12 has have VBZ 39142 1098 13 observed observe VBN 39142 1098 14 hundreds hundred NNS 39142 1098 15 of of IN 39142 1098 16 the the DT 39142 1098 17 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1098 18 of of IN 39142 1098 19 the the DT 39142 1098 20 satellites satellite NNS 39142 1098 21 by by IN 39142 1098 22 a a DT 39142 1098 23 sort sort NN 39142 1098 24 of of IN 39142 1098 25 cinematographic cinematographic JJ 39142 1098 26 method method NN 39142 1098 27 of of IN 39142 1098 28 repeated repeat VBN 39142 1098 29 exposures exposure NNS 39142 1098 30 , , , 39142 1098 31 around around IN 39142 1098 32 the the DT 39142 1098 33 time time NN 39142 1098 34 of of IN 39142 1098 35 disappearance disappearance NN 39142 1098 36 and and CC 39142 1098 37 reappearance reappearance NN 39142 1098 38 by by IN 39142 1098 39 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1098 40 . . . 39142 1099 1 The the DT 39142 1099 2 newest new JJS 39142 1099 3 outer outer JJ 39142 1099 4 satellites satellite NNS 39142 1099 5 of of IN 39142 1099 6 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 1099 7 were be VBD 39142 1099 8 all all DT 39142 1099 9 discovered discover VBN 39142 1099 10 by by IN 39142 1099 11 photography photography NN 39142 1099 12 , , , 39142 1099 13 and and CC 39142 1099 14 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1099 15 is be VBZ 39142 1099 16 extremely extremely RB 39142 1099 17 doubtful doubtful JJ 39142 1099 18 if if IN 39142 1099 19 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1099 20 would would MD 39142 1099 21 have have VB 39142 1099 22 been be VBN 39142 1099 23 found find VBN 39142 1099 24 otherwise otherwise RB 39142 1099 25 . . . 39142 1100 1 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 1100 2 has have VBZ 39142 1100 3 long long RB 39142 1100 4 been be VBN 39142 1100 5 a a DT 39142 1100 6 favorite favorite JJ 39142 1100 7 object object NN 39142 1100 8 with with IN 39142 1100 9 the the DT 39142 1100 10 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 1100 11 photographer photographer NN 39142 1100 12 , , , 39142 1100 13 and and CC 39142 1100 14 there there EX 39142 1100 15 are be VBP 39142 1100 16 many many JJ 39142 1100 17 fine fine JJ 39142 1100 18 pictures picture NNS 39142 1100 19 in in IN 39142 1100 20 spite spite NN 39142 1100 21 of of IN 39142 1100 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1100 23 yellowish yellowish JJ 39142 1100 24 light light NN 39142 1100 25 , , , 39142 1100 26 relatively relatively RB 39142 1100 27 weak weak JJ 39142 1100 28 photographically photographically RB 39142 1100 29 . . . 39142 1101 1 The the DT 39142 1101 2 marvelous marvelous JJ 39142 1101 3 ring ring NN 39142 1101 4 system system NN 39142 1101 5 with with IN 39142 1101 6 the the DT 39142 1101 7 Cassini Cassini NNP 39142 1101 8 division division NN 39142 1101 9 , , , 39142 1101 10 the the DT 39142 1101 11 oblateness oblateness NN 39142 1101 12 of of IN 39142 1101 13 the the DT 39142 1101 14 ball ball NN 39142 1101 15 , , , 39142 1101 16 the the DT 39142 1101 17 occasional occasional JJ 39142 1101 18 markings marking NNS 39142 1101 19 on on IN 39142 1101 20 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1101 21 -- -- : 39142 1101 22 all all DT 39142 1101 23 are be VBP 39142 1101 24 well well RB 39142 1101 25 shown show VBN 39142 1101 26 in in IN 39142 1101 27 the the DT 39142 1101 28 best good JJS 39142 1101 29 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1101 30 ; ; : 39142 1101 31 but but CC 39142 1101 32 the the DT 39142 1101 33 call call NN 39142 1101 34 is be VBZ 39142 1101 35 for for IN 39142 1101 36 more more JJR 39142 1101 37 light light NN 39142 1101 38 and and CC 39142 1101 39 a a DT 39142 1101 40 more more RBR 39142 1101 41 sensitive sensitive JJ 39142 1101 42 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1101 43 process process NN 39142 1101 44 . . . 39142 1102 1 Pickering Pickering NNP 39142 1102 2 's 's POS 39142 1102 3 ninth ninth JJ 39142 1102 4 satellite satellite NN 39142 1102 5 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1102 6 Phoebe Phoebe NNP 39142 1102 7 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1102 8 was be VBD 39142 1102 9 discovered discover VBN 39142 1102 10 by by IN 39142 1102 11 photography photography NN 39142 1102 12 , , , 39142 1102 13 one one CD 39142 1102 14 of of IN 39142 1102 15 the the DT 39142 1102 16 faintest faint JJS 39142 1102 17 moons moon NNS 39142 1102 18 in in IN 39142 1102 19 the the DT 39142 1102 20 solar solar JJ 39142 1102 21 system system NN 39142 1102 22 . . . 39142 1103 1 Like like IN 39142 1103 2 the the DT 39142 1103 3 faint faint JJ 39142 1103 4 outer outer JJ 39142 1103 5 moons moon NNS 39142 1103 6 of of IN 39142 1103 7 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 1103 8 , , , 39142 1103 9 few few JJ 39142 1103 10 existing existing JJ 39142 1103 11 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 1103 12 are be VBP 39142 1103 13 powerful powerful JJ 39142 1103 14 enough enough RB 39142 1103 15 to to TO 39142 1103 16 show show VB 39142 1103 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1103 18 . . . 39142 1104 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1104 2 orbit orbit NN 39142 1104 3 has have VBZ 39142 1104 4 been be VBN 39142 1104 5 found find VBN 39142 1104 6 from from IN 39142 1104 7 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1104 8 observations observation NNS 39142 1104 9 , , , 39142 1104 10 and and CC 39142 1104 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1104 12 position position NN 39142 1104 13 is be VBZ 39142 1104 14 checked check VBN 39142 1104 15 up up RP 39142 1104 16 from from IN 39142 1104 17 time time NN 39142 1104 18 to to IN 39142 1104 19 time time NN 39142 1104 20 by by IN 39142 1104 21 photography photography NN 39142 1104 22 . . . 39142 1105 1 But but CC 39142 1105 2 the the DT 39142 1105 3 crowning crowning JJ 39142 1105 4 achievement achievement NN 39142 1105 5 of of IN 39142 1105 6 spectrum spectrum NNP 39142 1105 7 photography photography NN 39142 1105 8 in in IN 39142 1105 9 the the DT 39142 1105 10 Saturnian saturnian JJ 39142 1105 11 system system NN 39142 1105 12 is be VBZ 39142 1105 13 Keeler Keeler NNP 39142 1105 14 's 's POS 39142 1105 15 application application NN 39142 1105 16 of of IN 39142 1105 17 Doppler Doppler NNP 39142 1105 18 's 's POS 39142 1105 19 principle principle NN 39142 1105 20 in in IN 39142 1105 21 determining determine VBG 39142 1105 22 the the DT 39142 1105 23 rate rate NN 39142 1105 24 of of IN 39142 1105 25 orbital orbital JJ 39142 1105 26 motion motion NN 39142 1105 27 of of IN 39142 1105 28 particles particle NNS 39142 1105 29 in in IN 39142 1105 30 different different JJ 39142 1105 31 zones zone NNS 39142 1105 32 of of IN 39142 1105 33 the the DT 39142 1105 34 rings ring NNS 39142 1105 35 , , , 39142 1105 36 thereby thereby RB 39142 1105 37 establishing establish VBG 39142 1105 38 the the DT 39142 1105 39 Maxwellian maxwellian JJ 39142 1105 40 theory theory NN 39142 1105 41 of of IN 39142 1105 42 the the DT 39142 1105 43 constitution constitution NN 39142 1105 44 of of IN 39142 1105 45 the the DT 39142 1105 46 rings ring NNS 39142 1105 47 beyond beyond IN 39142 1105 48 the the DT 39142 1105 49 possibility possibility NN 39142 1105 50 of of IN 39142 1105 51 doubt doubt NN 39142 1105 52 . . . 39142 1106 1 For for IN 39142 1106 2 Uranus Uranus NNP 39142 1106 3 and and CC 39142 1106 4 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 1106 5 photography photography NN 39142 1106 6 has have VBZ 39142 1106 7 availed avail VBN 39142 1106 8 but but CC 39142 1106 9 little little JJ 39142 1106 10 , , , 39142 1106 11 except except IN 39142 1106 12 to to IN 39142 1106 13 negative negative JJ 39142 1106 14 the the DT 39142 1106 15 existence existence NN 39142 1106 16 of of IN 39142 1106 17 additional additional JJ 39142 1106 18 satellites satellite NNS 39142 1106 19 of of IN 39142 1106 20 these these DT 39142 1106 21 planets planet NNS 39142 1106 22 , , , 39142 1106 23 which which WDT 39142 1106 24 doubtless doubtless RB 39142 1106 25 would would MD 39142 1106 26 have have VB 39142 1106 27 been be VBN 39142 1106 28 discovered discover VBN 39142 1106 29 by by IN 39142 1106 30 the the DT 39142 1106 31 thorough thorough JJ 39142 1106 32 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1106 33 search search NN 39142 1106 34 which which WDT 39142 1106 35 has have VBZ 39142 1106 36 been be VBN 39142 1106 37 made make VBN 39142 1106 38 for for IN 39142 1106 39 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1106 40 by by IN 39142 1106 41 W. W. NNP 39142 1106 42 H. H. NNP 39142 1106 43 Pickering Pickering NNP 39142 1106 44 without without IN 39142 1106 45 result result NN 39142 1106 46 . . . 39142 1107 1 As as IN 39142 1107 2 with with IN 39142 1107 3 the the DT 39142 1107 4 asteroids asteroid NNS 39142 1107 5 , , , 39142 1107 6 so so CC 39142 1107 7 with with IN 39142 1107 8 comets comet NNS 39142 1107 9 : : : 39142 1107 10 several several JJ 39142 1107 11 of of IN 39142 1107 12 these these DT 39142 1107 13 bodies body NNS 39142 1107 14 have have VBP 39142 1107 15 been be VBN 39142 1107 16 discovered discover VBN 39142 1107 17 by by IN 39142 1107 18 photography photography NN 39142 1107 19 ; ; : 39142 1107 20 none none NN 39142 1107 21 more more RBR 39142 1107 22 spectacular spectacular JJ 39142 1107 23 than than IN 39142 1107 24 the the DT 39142 1107 25 Egyptian egyptian JJ 39142 1107 26 comet comet NN 39142 1107 27 of of IN 39142 1107 28 May May NNP 39142 1107 29 17th 17th NN 39142 1107 30 , , , 39142 1107 31 1882 1882 CD 39142 1107 32 , , , 39142 1107 33 which which WDT 39142 1107 34 impressed impress VBD 39142 1107 35 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 1107 36 on on IN 39142 1107 37 the the DT 39142 1107 38 plates plate NNS 39142 1107 39 of of IN 39142 1107 40 the the DT 39142 1107 41 corona corona NN 39142 1107 42 of of IN 39142 1107 43 that that DT 39142 1107 44 date date NN 39142 1107 45 . . . 39142 1108 1 Withdrawal withdrawal NN 39142 1108 2 of of IN 39142 1108 3 the the DT 39142 1108 4 sun sun NN 39142 1108 5 's 's POS 39142 1108 6 light light NN 39142 1108 7 by by IN 39142 1108 8 total total JJ 39142 1108 9 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1108 10 made make VBD 39142 1108 11 the the DT 39142 1108 12 comet comet NN 39142 1108 13 visible visible JJ 39142 1108 14 , , , 39142 1108 15 and and CC 39142 1108 16 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1108 17 had have VBD 39142 1108 18 never never RB 39142 1108 19 been be VBN 39142 1108 20 seen see VBN 39142 1108 21 before before RB 39142 1108 22 , , , 39142 1108 23 nor nor CC 39142 1108 24 is be VBZ 39142 1108 25 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1108 26 known known JJ 39142 1108 27 whether whether IN 39142 1108 28 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1108 29 will will MD 39142 1108 30 ever ever RB 39142 1108 31 return return VB 39142 1108 32 . . . 39142 1109 1 In in IN 39142 1109 2 cometary cometary JJ 39142 1109 3 photography photography NN 39142 1109 4 , , , 39142 1109 5 much much RB 39142 1109 6 the the DT 39142 1109 7 same same JJ 39142 1109 8 difficulties difficulty NNS 39142 1109 9 are be VBP 39142 1109 10 present present JJ 39142 1109 11 as as IN 39142 1109 12 in in IN 39142 1109 13 photographing photograph VBG 39142 1109 14 the the DT 39142 1109 15 corona corona NN 39142 1109 16 : : : 39142 1109 17 if if IN 39142 1109 18 the the DT 39142 1109 19 plate plate NN 39142 1109 20 is be VBZ 39142 1109 21 exposed expose VBN 39142 1109 22 long long RB 39142 1109 23 enough enough RB 39142 1109 24 to to TO 39142 1109 25 get get VB 39142 1109 26 the the DT 39142 1109 27 faint faint JJ 39142 1109 28 extensions extension NNS 39142 1109 29 of of IN 39142 1109 30 the the DT 39142 1109 31 tail tail NN 39142 1109 32 , , , 39142 1109 33 the the DT 39142 1109 34 fine fine JJ 39142 1109 35 filaments filament NNS 39142 1109 36 of of IN 39142 1109 37 the the DT 39142 1109 38 coma coma NN 39142 1109 39 or or CC 39142 1109 40 head head NN 39142 1109 41 are be VBP 39142 1109 42 obliterated obliterate VBN 39142 1109 43 by by IN 39142 1109 44 halation halation NN 39142 1109 45 and and CC 39142 1109 46 overexposure overexposure NN 39142 1109 47 . . . 39142 1110 1 No no DT 39142 1110 2 one one NN 39142 1110 3 has have VBZ 39142 1110 4 had have VBN 39142 1110 5 greater great JJR 39142 1110 6 success success NN 39142 1110 7 in in IN 39142 1110 8 this this DT 39142 1110 9 work work NN 39142 1110 10 than than IN 39142 1110 11 Barnard Barnard NNP 39142 1110 12 , , , 39142 1110 13 whose whose WP$ 39142 1110 14 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1110 15 of of IN 39142 1110 16 comets comet NNS 39142 1110 17 , , , 39142 1110 18 particularly particularly RB 39142 1110 19 at at IN 39142 1110 20 the the DT 39142 1110 21 Lick Lick NNP 39142 1110 22 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1110 23 , , , 39142 1110 24 are be VBP 39142 1110 25 numerous numerous JJ 39142 1110 26 and and CC 39142 1110 27 unexcelled unexcelled JJ 39142 1110 28 . . . 39142 1111 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1111 2 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1111 3 of of IN 39142 1111 4 the the DT 39142 1111 5 Brooks Brooks NNP 39142 1111 6 Comet Comet NNP 39142 1111 7 of of IN 39142 1111 8 1893 1893 CD 39142 1111 9 revealed reveal VBD 39142 1111 10 rapid rapid JJ 39142 1111 11 and and CC 39142 1111 12 violent violent JJ 39142 1111 13 changes change NNS 39142 1111 14 in in IN 39142 1111 15 the the DT 39142 1111 16 tail tail NN 39142 1111 17 , , , 39142 1111 18 as as IN 39142 1111 19 if if IN 39142 1111 20 shattered shatter VBN 39142 1111 21 by by IN 39142 1111 22 encounter encounter NN 39142 1111 23 with with IN 39142 1111 24 meteors meteor NNS 39142 1111 25 ; ; : 39142 1111 26 and and CC 39142 1111 27 the the DT 39142 1111 28 tail tail NN 39142 1111 29 of of IN 39142 1111 30 Halley Halley NNP 39142 1111 31 's 's POS 39142 1111 32 comet comet NN 39142 1111 33 in in IN 39142 1111 34 1910 1910 CD 39142 1111 35 showed show VBD 39142 1111 36 the the DT 39142 1111 37 rapid rapid JJ 39142 1111 38 propagation propagation NN 39142 1111 39 of of IN 39142 1111 40 luminous luminous JJ 39142 1111 41 waves wave NNS 39142 1111 42 down down IN 39142 1111 43 the the DT 39142 1111 44 tail tail NN 39142 1111 45 , , , 39142 1111 46 similar similar JJ 39142 1111 47 to to IN 39142 1111 48 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 1111 49 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 1111 50 seen see VBN 39142 1111 51 in in IN 39142 1111 52 streamers streamer NNS 39142 1111 53 of of IN 39142 1111 54 the the DT 39142 1111 55 aurora aurora NNP 39142 1111 56 . . . 39142 1112 1 Draper Draper NNP 39142 1112 2 obtained obtain VBD 39142 1112 3 the the DT 39142 1112 4 first first JJ 39142 1112 5 photograph photograph NN 39142 1112 6 of of IN 39142 1112 7 a a DT 39142 1112 8 comet comet NN 39142 1112 9 's 's POS 39142 1112 10 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1112 11 in in IN 39142 1112 12 1881 1881 CD 39142 1112 13 , , , 39142 1112 14 disclosing disclose VBG 39142 1112 15 an an DT 39142 1112 16 identity identity NN 39142 1112 17 with with IN 39142 1112 18 hydrocarbons hydrocarbon NNS 39142 1112 19 burning burn VBG 39142 1112 20 in in IN 39142 1112 21 a a DT 39142 1112 22 Bunsen Bunsen NNP 39142 1112 23 flame flame NN 39142 1112 24 , , , 39142 1112 25 also also RB 39142 1112 26 bands band VBZ 39142 1112 27 in in IN 39142 1112 28 the the DT 39142 1112 29 violet violet NN 39142 1112 30 due due IN 39142 1112 31 to to IN 39142 1112 32 carbon carbon NN 39142 1112 33 compounds compound NNS 39142 1112 34 . . . 39142 1113 1 The the DT 39142 1113 2 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1113 3 spectra spectra NN 39142 1113 4 of of IN 39142 1113 5 subsequent subsequent JJ 39142 1113 6 comets comet NNS 39142 1113 7 have have VBP 39142 1113 8 shown show VBN 39142 1113 9 bright bright JJ 39142 1113 10 lines line NNS 39142 1113 11 due due JJ 39142 1113 12 to to IN 39142 1113 13 sodium sodium NN 39142 1113 14 and and CC 39142 1113 15 the the DT 39142 1113 16 vapor vapor NN 39142 1113 17 of of IN 39142 1113 18 iron iron NN 39142 1113 19 and and CC 39142 1113 20 magnesium magnesium NN 39142 1113 21 . . . 39142 1114 1 Even even RB 39142 1114 2 the the DT 39142 1114 3 elusive elusive JJ 39142 1114 4 meteor meteor NN 39142 1114 5 has have VBZ 39142 1114 6 been be VBN 39142 1114 7 caught catch VBN 39142 1114 8 by by IN 39142 1114 9 photography photography NN 39142 1114 10 , , , 39142 1114 11 first first RB 39142 1114 12 by by IN 39142 1114 13 Wolf Wolf NNP 39142 1114 14 in in IN 39142 1114 15 1891 1891 CD 39142 1114 16 , , , 39142 1114 17 who who WP 39142 1114 18 was be VBD 39142 1114 19 exposing expose VBG 39142 1114 20 a a DT 39142 1114 21 plate plate NN 39142 1114 22 on on IN 39142 1114 23 stars star NNS 39142 1114 24 in in IN 39142 1114 25 the the DT 39142 1114 26 Milky Milky NNP 39142 1114 27 Way Way NNP 39142 1114 28 . . . 39142 1115 1 On on IN 39142 1115 2 developing develop VBG 39142 1115 3 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1115 4 , , , 39142 1115 5 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1115 6 found find VBD 39142 1115 7 a a DT 39142 1115 8 fine fine JJ 39142 1115 9 , , , 39142 1115 10 dark dark JJ 39142 1115 11 nearly nearly RB 39142 1115 12 uniform uniform JJ 39142 1115 13 line line NN 39142 1115 14 crossing cross VBG 39142 1115 15 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1115 16 , , , 39142 1115 17 due due IN 39142 1115 18 to to IN 39142 1115 19 the the DT 39142 1115 20 accidental accidental JJ 39142 1115 21 flight flight NN 39142 1115 22 across across IN 39142 1115 23 the the DT 39142 1115 24 field field NN 39142 1115 25 of of IN 39142 1115 26 a a DT 39142 1115 27 meteor meteor NN 39142 1115 28 of of IN 39142 1115 29 varying vary VBG 39142 1115 30 brightness brightness NN 39142 1115 31 . . . 39142 1116 1 Since since IN 39142 1116 2 then then RB 39142 1116 3 meteor meteor JJ 39142 1116 4 trails trail NNS 39142 1116 5 have have VBP 39142 1116 6 been be VBN 39142 1116 7 repeatedly repeatedly RB 39142 1116 8 photographed photograph VBN 39142 1116 9 , , , 39142 1116 10 and and CC 39142 1116 11 even even RB 39142 1116 12 the the DT 39142 1116 13 trail trail NN 39142 1116 14 spectra spectra NN 39142 1116 15 of of IN 39142 1116 16 meteors meteor NNS 39142 1116 17 have have VBP 39142 1116 18 been be VBN 39142 1116 19 registered register VBN 39142 1116 20 on on IN 39142 1116 21 the the DT 39142 1116 22 Harvard Harvard NNP 39142 1116 23 plates plate NNS 39142 1116 24 . . . 39142 1117 1 At at IN 39142 1117 2 Yale Yale NNP 39142 1117 3 in in IN 39142 1117 4 1894 1894 CD 39142 1117 5 Elkin Elkin NNP 39142 1117 6 employed employ VBD 39142 1117 7 a a DT 39142 1117 8 unique unique JJ 39142 1117 9 apparatus apparatus NN 39142 1117 10 for for IN 39142 1117 11 securing secure VBG 39142 1117 12 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1117 13 trails trail NNS 39142 1117 14 of of IN 39142 1117 15 meteors meteor NNS 39142 1117 16 : : : 39142 1117 17 six six CD 39142 1117 18 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1117 19 cameras camera NNS 39142 1117 20 mounted mount VBN 39142 1117 21 at at IN 39142 1117 22 different different JJ 39142 1117 23 angles angle NNS 39142 1117 24 on on IN 39142 1117 25 a a DT 39142 1117 26 long long JJ 39142 1117 27 polar polar JJ 39142 1117 28 axis axi NNS 39142 1117 29 driven drive VBN 39142 1117 30 by by IN 39142 1117 31 clockwork clockwork NN 39142 1117 32 , , , 39142 1117 33 the the DT 39142 1117 34 whole whole NN 39142 1117 35 arranged arrange VBD 39142 1117 36 so so IN 39142 1117 37 as as IN 39142 1117 38 to to TO 39142 1117 39 cover cover VB 39142 1117 40 a a DT 39142 1117 41 large large JJ 39142 1117 42 area area NN 39142 1117 43 of of IN 39142 1117 44 the the DT 39142 1117 45 sky sky NN 39142 1117 46 where where WRB 39142 1117 47 meteors meteor NNS 39142 1117 48 were be VBD 39142 1117 49 expected expect VBN 39142 1117 50 . . . 39142 1118 1 When when WRB 39142 1118 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1118 3 pass pass VBP 39142 1118 4 from from IN 39142 1118 5 the the DT 39142 1118 6 solar solar JJ 39142 1118 7 system system NN 39142 1118 8 to to IN 39142 1118 9 the the DT 39142 1118 10 stellar stellar JJ 39142 1118 11 universe universe NN 39142 1118 12 the the DT 39142 1118 13 advantages advantage NNS 39142 1118 14 of of IN 39142 1118 15 photography photography NN 39142 1118 16 and and CC 39142 1118 17 the the DT 39142 1118 18 amplification amplification NN 39142 1118 19 of of IN 39142 1118 20 research research NN 39142 1118 21 due due IN 39142 1118 22 to to IN 39142 1118 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1118 24 employment employment NN 39142 1118 25 as as IN 39142 1118 26 accessory accessory NN 39142 1118 27 in in IN 39142 1118 28 nearly nearly RB 39142 1118 29 every every DT 39142 1118 30 line line NN 39142 1118 31 of of IN 39142 1118 32 investigation investigation NN 39142 1118 33 are be VBP 39142 1118 34 enormous enormous JJ 39142 1118 35 . . . 39142 1119 1 So so RB 39142 1119 2 extensively extensively RB 39142 1119 3 has have VBZ 39142 1119 4 photography photography NN 39142 1119 5 been be VBN 39142 1119 6 introduced introduce VBN 39142 1119 7 that that IN 39142 1119 8 plates plate NNS 39142 1119 9 , , , 39142 1119 10 and and CC 39142 1119 11 to to IN 39142 1119 12 a a DT 39142 1119 13 slight slight JJ 39142 1119 14 extent extent NN 39142 1119 15 films film NNS 39142 1119 16 , , , 39142 1119 17 are be VBP 39142 1119 18 now now RB 39142 1119 19 almost almost RB 39142 1119 20 exclusively exclusively RB 39142 1119 21 used use VBN 39142 1119 22 in in IN 39142 1119 23 securing secure VBG 39142 1119 24 original original JJ 39142 1119 25 records record NNS 39142 1119 26 . . . 39142 1120 1 Regrettably regrettably RB 39142 1120 2 so so RB 39142 1120 3 in in IN 39142 1120 4 case case NN 39142 1120 5 of of IN 39142 1120 6 the the DT 39142 1120 7 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 1120 8 , , , 39142 1120 9 because because IN 39142 1120 10 the the DT 39142 1120 11 numerous numerous JJ 39142 1120 12 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1120 13 of of IN 39142 1120 14 the the DT 39142 1120 15 brighter bright JJR 39142 1120 16 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 1120 17 taken take VBN 39142 1120 18 since since IN 39142 1120 19 1880 1880 CD 39142 1120 20 when when WRB 39142 1120 21 Draper Draper NNP 39142 1120 22 got get VBD 39142 1120 23 the the DT 39142 1120 24 first first JJ 39142 1120 25 photograph photograph NN 39142 1120 26 of of IN 39142 1120 27 the the DT 39142 1120 28 nebula nebula NN 39142 1120 29 of of IN 39142 1120 30 Orion Orion NNP 39142 1120 31 , , , 39142 1120 32 are be VBP 39142 1120 33 as as IN 39142 1120 34 a a DT 39142 1120 35 rule rule NN 39142 1120 36 not not RB 39142 1120 37 comparable comparable JJ 39142 1120 38 with with IN 39142 1120 39 each each DT 39142 1120 40 other other JJ 39142 1120 41 . . . 39142 1121 1 Differences difference NNS 39142 1121 2 of of IN 39142 1121 3 instruments instrument NNS 39142 1121 4 , , , 39142 1121 5 of of IN 39142 1121 6 plates plate NNS 39142 1121 7 , , , 39142 1121 8 of of IN 39142 1121 9 exposure exposure NN 39142 1121 10 , , , 39142 1121 11 and and CC 39142 1121 12 development development NN 39142 1121 13 -- -- : 39142 1121 14 all all DT 39142 1121 15 have have VBP 39142 1121 16 occasioned occasion VBN 39142 1121 17 differences difference NNS 39142 1121 18 in in IN 39142 1121 19 portrayal portrayal NN 39142 1121 20 of of IN 39142 1121 21 a a DT 39142 1121 22 nebula nebula NN 39142 1121 23 which which WDT 39142 1121 24 do do VBP 39142 1121 25 not not RB 39142 1121 26 exist exist VB 39142 1121 27 . . . 39142 1122 1 When when WRB 39142 1122 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1122 3 consider consider VBP 39142 1122 4 faithful faithful JJ 39142 1122 5 accuracy accuracy NN 39142 1122 6 of of IN 39142 1122 7 portrayal portrayal NN 39142 1122 8 of of IN 39142 1122 9 the the DT 39142 1122 10 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 1122 11 for for IN 39142 1122 12 purposes purpose NNS 39142 1122 13 of of IN 39142 1122 14 critical critical JJ 39142 1122 15 comparison comparison NN 39142 1122 16 from from IN 39142 1122 17 age age NN 39142 1122 18 to to IN 39142 1122 19 age age NN 39142 1122 20 , , , 39142 1122 21 many many JJ 39142 1122 22 of of IN 39142 1122 23 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1122 24 nebular nebular JJ 39142 1122 25 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1122 26 of of IN 39142 1122 27 the the DT 39142 1122 28 past past JJ 39142 1122 29 forty forty CD 39142 1122 30 years year NNS 39142 1122 31 , , , 39142 1122 32 fine fine RB 39142 1122 33 as as IN 39142 1122 34 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1122 35 are be VBP 39142 1122 36 and and CC 39142 1122 37 marvelous marvelous JJ 39142 1122 38 as as IN 39142 1122 39 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1122 40 are be VBP 39142 1122 41 , , , 39142 1122 42 must must MD 39142 1122 43 fail fail VB 39142 1122 44 to to TO 39142 1122 45 serve serve VB 39142 1122 46 the the DT 39142 1122 47 purpose purpose NN 39142 1122 48 of of IN 39142 1122 49 revealing revealing JJ 39142 1122 50 progressive progressive JJ 39142 1122 51 changes change NNS 39142 1122 52 in in IN 39142 1122 53 nebular nebular JJ 39142 1122 54 features feature NNS 39142 1122 55 in in IN 39142 1122 56 the the DT 39142 1122 57 future future NN 39142 1122 58 . . . 39142 1123 1 Roberts Roberts NNP 39142 1123 2 and and CC 39142 1123 3 Common Common NNP 39142 1123 4 in in IN 39142 1123 5 England England NNP 39142 1123 6 were be VBD 39142 1123 7 among among IN 39142 1123 8 the the DT 39142 1123 9 first first JJ 39142 1123 10 to to TO 39142 1123 11 obtain obtain VB 39142 1123 12 nebular nebular JJ 39142 1123 13 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1123 14 with with IN 39142 1123 15 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 39142 1123 16 detail detail NN 39142 1123 17 , , , 39142 1123 18 also also RB 39142 1123 19 the the DT 39142 1123 20 brothers brother NNS 39142 1123 21 Henry Henry NNP 39142 1123 22 of of IN 39142 1123 23 Paris Paris NNP 39142 1123 24 . . . 39142 1124 1 As as RB 39142 1124 2 early early RB 39142 1124 3 as as IN 39142 1124 4 1888 1888 CD 39142 1124 5 Roberts Roberts NNP 39142 1124 6 revealed reveal VBD 39142 1124 7 the the DT 39142 1124 8 true true JJ 39142 1124 9 nature nature NN 39142 1124 10 of of IN 39142 1124 11 the the DT 39142 1124 12 great great JJ 39142 1124 13 nebula nebula NN 39142 1124 14 in in IN 39142 1124 15 Andromeda Andromeda NNP 39142 1124 16 , , , 39142 1124 17 which which WDT 39142 1124 18 had have VBD 39142 1124 19 never never RB 39142 1124 20 been be VBN 39142 1124 21 suspected suspect VBN 39142 1124 22 of of IN 39142 1124 23 being be VBG 39142 1124 24 spiral spiral JJ 39142 1124 25 ; ; : 39142 1124 26 and and CC 39142 1124 27 Keeler Keeler NNP 39142 1124 28 and and CC 39142 1124 29 Perrine Perrine NNP 39142 1124 30 at at IN 39142 1124 31 the the DT 39142 1124 32 Lick Lick NNP 39142 1124 33 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1124 34 pushed push VBD 39142 1124 35 the the DT 39142 1124 36 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1124 37 discovery discovery NN 39142 1124 38 of of IN 39142 1124 39 spiral spiral JJ 39142 1124 40 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 1124 41 so so RB 39142 1124 42 far far RB 39142 1124 43 that that IN 39142 1124 44 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1124 45 estimates estimate NNS 39142 1124 46 fill fill VBP 39142 1124 47 the the DT 39142 1124 48 sky sky NN 39142 1124 49 with with IN 39142 1124 50 many many JJ 39142 1124 51 hundred hundred CD 39142 1124 52 thousands thousand NNS 39142 1124 53 of of IN 39142 1124 54 these these DT 39142 1124 55 objects object NNS 39142 1124 56 . . . 39142 1125 1 In in IN 39142 1125 2 the the DT 39142 1125 3 southern southern JJ 39142 1125 4 hemisphere hemisphere NN 39142 1125 5 the the DT 39142 1125 6 24-inch 24-inch CD 39142 1125 7 Bruce Bruce NNP 39142 1125 8 telescope telescope NN 39142 1125 9 of of IN 39142 1125 10 Harvard Harvard NNP 39142 1125 11 College College NNP 39142 1125 12 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1125 13 has have VBZ 39142 1125 14 obtained obtain VBN 39142 1125 15 many many JJ 39142 1125 16 very very RB 39142 1125 17 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 1125 18 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1125 19 of of IN 39142 1125 20 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 1125 21 , , , 39142 1125 22 particularly particularly RB 39142 1125 23 in in IN 39142 1125 24 the the DT 39142 1125 25 vicinity vicinity NN 39142 1125 26 of of IN 39142 1125 27 Eta Eta NNP 39142 1125 28 Carinæ Carinæ NNP 39142 1125 29 . . . 39142 1126 1 But but CC 39142 1126 2 the the DT 39142 1126 3 great great JJ 39142 1126 4 reflectors reflector NNS 39142 1126 5 of of IN 39142 1126 6 the the DT 39142 1126 7 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1126 8 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 1126 9 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1126 10 , , , 39142 1126 11 on on IN 39142 1126 12 account account NN 39142 1126 13 of of IN 39142 1126 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1126 15 exceptional exceptional JJ 39142 1126 16 location location NN 39142 1126 17 and and CC 39142 1126 18 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 39142 1126 19 power power NN 39142 1126 20 , , , 39142 1126 21 have have VBP 39142 1126 22 surpassed surpass VBN 39142 1126 23 all all DT 39142 1126 24 others other NNS 39142 1126 25 in in IN 39142 1126 26 the the DT 39142 1126 27 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1126 28 portrayal portrayal NN 39142 1126 29 of of IN 39142 1126 30 these these DT 39142 1126 31 objects object NNS 39142 1126 32 , , , 39142 1126 33 especially especially RB 39142 1126 34 of of IN 39142 1126 35 the the DT 39142 1126 36 spiral spiral JJ 39142 1126 37 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 1126 38 which which WDT 39142 1126 39 appear appear VBP 39142 1126 40 to to TO 39142 1126 41 show show VB 39142 1126 42 all all DT 39142 1126 43 stages stage NNS 39142 1126 44 in in IN 39142 1126 45 transition transition NN 39142 1126 46 from from IN 39142 1126 47 nebula nebula NNP 39142 1126 48 to to IN 39142 1126 49 star star NNP 39142 1126 50 . . . 39142 1127 1 No no DT 39142 1127 2 less less RBR 39142 1127 3 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 1127 4 are be VBP 39142 1127 5 the the DT 39142 1127 6 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1127 7 of of IN 39142 1127 8 such such JJ 39142 1127 9 wonderful wonderful JJ 39142 1127 10 clusters cluster NNS 39142 1127 11 as as IN 39142 1127 12 Omega Omega NNP 39142 1127 13 Centauri Centauri NNP 39142 1127 14 , , , 39142 1127 15 a a DT 39142 1127 16 perfect perfect JJ 39142 1127 17 visual visual JJ 39142 1127 18 representation representation NN 39142 1127 19 of of IN 39142 1127 20 which which WDT 39142 1127 21 is be VBZ 39142 1127 22 wholly wholly RB 39142 1127 23 impossible impossible JJ 39142 1127 24 . . . 39142 1128 1 Intercomparison Intercomparison NNP 39142 1128 2 of of IN 39142 1128 3 the the DT 39142 1128 4 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1128 5 of of IN 39142 1128 6 clusters cluster NNS 39142 1128 7 has have VBZ 39142 1128 8 afforded afford VBN 39142 1128 9 Bailey Bailey NNP 39142 1128 10 of of IN 39142 1128 11 Harvard Harvard NNP 39142 1128 12 , , , 39142 1128 13 Shapley Shapley NNP 39142 1128 14 of of IN 39142 1128 15 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1128 16 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 1128 17 and and CC 39142 1128 18 others other VBZ 39142 1128 19 the the DT 39142 1128 20 opportunity opportunity NN 39142 1128 21 of of IN 39142 1128 22 discovery discovery NN 39142 1128 23 that that WDT 39142 1128 24 hundreds hundred NNS 39142 1128 25 of of IN 39142 1128 26 the the DT 39142 1128 27 component component NN 39142 1128 28 stars star NNS 39142 1128 29 are be VBP 39142 1128 30 variable variable JJ 39142 1128 31 . . . 39142 1129 1 What what WP 39142 1129 2 is be VBZ 39142 1129 3 the the DT 39142 1129 4 longest long JJS 39142 1129 5 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1129 6 exposure exposure NN 39142 1129 7 ever ever RB 39142 1129 8 made make VBN 39142 1129 9 ? ? . 39142 1130 1 At at IN 39142 1130 2 the the DT 39142 1130 3 Cape Cape NNP 39142 1130 4 of of IN 39142 1130 5 Good Good NNP 39142 1130 6 Hope Hope NNP 39142 1130 7 , , , 39142 1130 8 under under IN 39142 1130 9 the the DT 39142 1130 10 direction direction NN 39142 1130 11 of of IN 39142 1130 12 the the DT 39142 1130 13 late late JJ 39142 1130 14 Sir Sir NNP 39142 1130 15 David David NNP 39142 1130 16 Gill Gill NNP 39142 1130 17 , , , 39142 1130 18 exposures exposure VBZ 39142 1130 19 on on IN 39142 1130 20 nebulæ nebulæ NNS 39142 1130 21 were be VBD 39142 1130 22 made make VBN 39142 1130 23 , , , 39142 1130 24 utilizing utilize VBG 39142 1130 25 the the DT 39142 1130 26 best good JJS 39142 1130 27 part part NN 39142 1130 28 of of IN 39142 1130 29 several several JJ 39142 1130 30 nights night NNS 39142 1130 31 , , , 39142 1130 32 and and CC 39142 1130 33 totaling total VBG 39142 1130 34 as as RB 39142 1130 35 high high JJ 39142 1130 36 as as IN 39142 1130 37 seventeen seventeen CD 39142 1130 38 , , , 39142 1130 39 or or CC 39142 1130 40 even even RB 39142 1130 41 twenty twenty CD 39142 1130 42 - - HYPH 39142 1130 43 three three CD 39142 1130 44 hours hour NNS 39142 1130 45 . . . 39142 1131 1 But but CC 39142 1131 2 the the DT 39142 1131 3 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1131 4 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 1131 5 observers observer NNS 39142 1131 6 have have VBP 39142 1131 7 far far RB 39142 1131 8 surpassed surpass VBN 39142 1131 9 this this DT 39142 1131 10 duration duration NN 39142 1131 11 . . . 39142 1132 1 To to TO 39142 1132 2 study study VB 39142 1132 3 the the DT 39142 1132 4 rotation rotation NN 39142 1132 5 and and CC 39142 1132 6 radial radial JJ 39142 1132 7 velocity velocity NN 39142 1132 8 of of IN 39142 1132 9 the the DT 39142 1132 10 central central JJ 39142 1132 11 part part NN 39142 1132 12 of of IN 39142 1132 13 the the DT 39142 1132 14 nebula nebula NN 39142 1132 15 of of IN 39142 1132 16 Andromeda Andromeda NNP 39142 1132 17 , , , 39142 1132 18 an an DT 39142 1132 19 exposure exposure NN 39142 1132 20 of of IN 39142 1132 21 no no DT 39142 1132 22 less less JJR 39142 1132 23 than than IN 39142 1132 24 79 79 CD 39142 1132 25 hours hour NNS 39142 1132 26 ' ' POS 39142 1132 27 total total JJ 39142 1132 28 duration duration NN 39142 1132 29 was be VBD 39142 1132 30 made make VBN 39142 1132 31 on on IN 39142 1132 32 the the DT 39142 1132 33 exceedingly exceedingly RB 39142 1132 34 faint faint JJ 39142 1132 35 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1132 36 , , , 39142 1132 37 and and CC 39142 1132 38 even even RB 39142 1132 39 that that DT 39142 1132 40 record record NN 39142 1132 41 has have VBZ 39142 1132 42 since since IN 39142 1132 43 been be VBN 39142 1132 44 exceeded exceed VBN 39142 1132 45 . . . 39142 1133 1 The the DT 39142 1133 2 eye eye NN 39142 1133 3 can can MD 39142 1133 4 not not RB 39142 1133 5 be be VB 39142 1133 6 removed remove VBN 39142 1133 7 from from IN 39142 1133 8 the the DT 39142 1133 9 guiding guide VBG 39142 1133 10 star star NN 39142 1133 11 for for IN 39142 1133 12 a a DT 39142 1133 13 moment moment NN 39142 1133 14 while while IN 39142 1133 15 the the DT 39142 1133 16 exposure exposure NN 39142 1133 17 is be VBZ 39142 1133 18 in in IN 39142 1133 19 progress progress NN 39142 1133 20 , , , 39142 1133 21 and and CC 39142 1133 22 this this DT 39142 1133 23 tedious tedious JJ 39142 1133 24 piece piece NN 39142 1133 25 of of IN 39142 1133 26 work work NN 39142 1133 27 was be VBD 39142 1133 28 rewarded reward VBN 39142 1133 29 by by IN 39142 1133 30 determining determine VBG 39142 1133 31 the the DT 39142 1133 32 velocity velocity NN 39142 1133 33 of of IN 39142 1133 34 the the DT 39142 1133 35 center center NN 39142 1133 36 of of IN 39142 1133 37 the the DT 39142 1133 38 nucleus nucleus NN 39142 1133 39 as as IN 39142 1133 40 a a DT 39142 1133 41 motion motion NN 39142 1133 42 of of IN 39142 1133 43 approach approach NN 39142 1133 44 at at IN 39142 1133 45 the the DT 39142 1133 46 rate rate NN 39142 1133 47 of of IN 39142 1133 48 316 316 CD 39142 1133 49 kilometers kilometer NNS 39142 1133 50 per per IN 39142 1133 51 second second NN 39142 1133 52 . . . 39142 1134 1 But but CC 39142 1134 2 when when WRB 39142 1134 3 the the DT 39142 1134 4 stars star NNS 39142 1134 5 , , , 39142 1134 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1134 7 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 1134 8 and and CC 39142 1134 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1134 10 special special JJ 39142 1134 11 peculiarities peculiarity NNS 39142 1134 12 are be VBP 39142 1134 13 to to TO 39142 1134 14 be be VB 39142 1134 15 investigated investigate VBN 39142 1134 16 _ _ NNP 39142 1134 17 en en IN 39142 1134 18 masse masse NNP 39142 1134 19 _ _ NNP 39142 1134 20 , , , 39142 1134 21 photography photography NN 39142 1134 22 provides provide VBZ 39142 1134 23 the the DT 39142 1134 24 facile facile NN 39142 1134 25 means mean NNS 39142 1134 26 for for IN 39142 1134 27 researches research NNS 39142 1134 28 that that WDT 39142 1134 29 would would MD 39142 1134 30 scarcely scarcely RB 39142 1134 31 have have VB 39142 1134 32 been be VBN 39142 1134 33 dreamed dream VBN 39142 1134 34 of of IN 39142 1134 35 without without IN 39142 1134 36 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1134 37 . . . 39142 1135 1 The the DT 39142 1135 2 international international JJ 39142 1135 3 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1135 4 chart chart NN 39142 1135 5 of of IN 39142 1135 6 the the DT 39142 1135 7 entire entire JJ 39142 1135 8 heavens heaven NNS 39142 1135 9 , , , 39142 1135 10 in in IN 39142 1135 11 progress progress NN 39142 1135 12 at at IN 39142 1135 13 twenty twenty CD 39142 1135 14 observatories observatory NNS 39142 1135 15 since since IN 39142 1135 16 1887 1887 CD 39142 1135 17 , , , 39142 1135 18 the the DT 39142 1135 19 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1135 20 charts chart NNS 39142 1135 21 of of IN 39142 1135 22 the the DT 39142 1135 23 northern northern JJ 39142 1135 24 heavens heaven NNS 39142 1135 25 at at IN 39142 1135 26 Harvard Harvard NNP 39142 1135 27 and and CC 39142 1135 28 of of IN 39142 1135 29 the the DT 39142 1135 30 southern southern JJ 39142 1135 31 sky sky NN 39142 1135 32 at at IN 39142 1135 33 Cape Cape NNP 39142 1135 34 Town Town NNP 39142 1135 35 , , , 39142 1135 36 the the DT 39142 1135 37 manifold manifold JJ 39142 1135 38 investigations investigation NNS 39142 1135 39 that that WDT 39142 1135 40 have have VBP 39142 1135 41 led lead VBN 39142 1135 42 up up IN 39142 1135 43 to to IN 39142 1135 44 the the DT 39142 1135 45 Harvard Harvard NNP 39142 1135 46 photometry photometry NN 39142 1135 47 , , , 39142 1135 48 and and CC 39142 1135 49 the the DT 39142 1135 50 unparalleled unparalleled JJ 39142 1135 51 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1135 52 researches research NNS 39142 1135 53 of of IN 39142 1135 54 the the DT 39142 1135 55 Henry Henry NNP 39142 1135 56 Draper Draper NNP 39142 1135 57 Memorial Memorial NNP 39142 1135 58 , , , 39142 1135 59 enabling enable VBG 39142 1135 60 the the DT 39142 1135 61 spectra spectra NN 39142 1135 62 of of IN 39142 1135 63 many many JJ 39142 1135 64 hundred hundred CD 39142 1135 65 thousand thousand CD 39142 1135 66 stars star NNS 39142 1135 67 to to TO 39142 1135 68 be be VB 39142 1135 69 examined examine VBN 39142 1135 70 and and CC 39142 1135 71 classified classify VBN 39142 1135 72 -- -- : 39142 1135 73 all all PDT 39142 1135 74 this this DT 39142 1135 75 is be VBZ 39142 1135 76 but but CC 39142 1135 77 a a DT 39142 1135 78 part part NN 39142 1135 79 of of IN 39142 1135 80 the the DT 39142 1135 81 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 1135 82 work work NN 39142 1135 83 in in IN 39142 1135 84 stellar stellar JJ 39142 1135 85 fields field NNS 39142 1135 86 that that WDT 39142 1135 87 photography photography NN 39142 1135 88 has have VBZ 39142 1135 89 rendered render VBN 39142 1135 90 possible possible JJ 39142 1135 91 . . . 39142 1136 1 Then then RB 39142 1136 2 there there EX 39142 1136 3 are be VBP 39142 1136 4 the the DT 39142 1136 5 stellar stellar JJ 39142 1136 6 parallaxes parallax NNS 39142 1136 7 , , , 39142 1136 8 now now RB 39142 1136 9 observed observe VBN 39142 1136 10 for for IN 39142 1136 11 many many JJ 39142 1136 12 stars star NNS 39142 1136 13 at at IN 39142 1136 14 once once RB 39142 1136 15 photographically photographically RB 39142 1136 16 , , , 39142 1136 17 when when WRB 39142 1136 18 formerly formerly RB 39142 1136 19 only only RB 39142 1136 20 one one CD 39142 1136 21 star star NN 39142 1136 22 's 's POS 39142 1136 23 parallax parallax NN 39142 1136 24 could could MD 39142 1136 25 be be VB 39142 1136 26 measured measure VBN 39142 1136 27 at at IN 39142 1136 28 a a DT 39142 1136 29 time time NN 39142 1136 30 and and CC 39142 1136 31 with with IN 39142 1136 32 the the DT 39142 1136 33 eye eye NN 39142 1136 34 at at IN 39142 1136 35 the the DT 39142 1136 36 telescope telescope NN 39142 1136 37 . . . 39142 1137 1 And and CC 39142 1137 2 photo photo NN 39142 1137 3 - - HYPH 39142 1137 4 electric electric JJ 39142 1137 5 photometry photometry NN 39142 1137 6 , , , 39142 1137 7 measuring measure VBG 39142 1137 8 smaller small JJR 39142 1137 9 differences difference NNS 39142 1137 10 of of IN 39142 1137 11 light light NN 39142 1137 12 than than IN 39142 1137 13 any any DT 39142 1137 14 other other JJ 39142 1137 15 method method NN 39142 1137 16 , , , 39142 1137 17 and and CC 39142 1137 18 providing provide VBG 39142 1137 19 more more RBR 39142 1137 20 accurate accurate JJ 39142 1137 21 light light NN 39142 1137 22 - - HYPH 39142 1137 23 curves curve NNS 39142 1137 24 of of IN 39142 1137 25 the the DT 39142 1137 26 variable variable JJ 39142 1137 27 stars star NNS 39142 1137 28 . . . 39142 1138 1 And and CC 39142 1138 2 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 1138 3 most most RBS 39142 1138 4 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 1138 5 of of IN 39142 1138 6 all all DT 39142 1138 7 , , , 39142 1138 8 the the DT 39142 1138 9 radial radial JJ 39142 1138 10 velocity velocity NN 39142 1138 11 work work NN 39142 1138 12 on on IN 39142 1138 13 both both DT 39142 1138 14 stars star NNS 39142 1138 15 and and CC 39142 1138 16 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 1138 17 , , , 39142 1138 18 giving give VBG 39142 1138 19 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1138 20 the the DT 39142 1138 21 distance distance NN 39142 1138 22 of of IN 39142 1138 23 whole whole JJ 39142 1138 24 classes class NNS 39142 1138 25 of of IN 39142 1138 26 stars star NNS 39142 1138 27 , , , 39142 1138 28 discovering discover VBG 39142 1138 29 large large JJ 39142 1138 30 numbers number NNS 39142 1138 31 of of IN 39142 1138 32 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 1138 33 binaries binary NNS 39142 1138 34 and and CC 39142 1138 35 checking check VBG 39142 1138 36 up up RP 39142 1138 37 the the DT 39142 1138 38 motion motion NN 39142 1138 39 of of IN 39142 1138 40 the the DT 39142 1138 41 solar solar JJ 39142 1138 42 system system NN 39142 1138 43 toward toward IN 39142 1138 44 Lyra Lyra NNP 39142 1138 45 within within IN 39142 1138 46 a a DT 39142 1138 47 fraction fraction NN 39142 1138 48 of of IN 39142 1138 49 a a DT 39142 1138 50 mile mile NN 39142 1138 51 per per IN 39142 1138 52 second second NN 39142 1138 53 . . . 39142 1139 1 All all DT 39142 1139 2 told tell VBN 39142 1139 3 , , , 39142 1139 4 photography photography NN 39142 1139 5 has have VBZ 39142 1139 6 been be VBN 39142 1139 7 the the DT 39142 1139 8 most most RBS 39142 1139 9 potent potent JJ 39142 1139 10 adjunct adjunct NN 39142 1139 11 in in IN 39142 1139 12 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 1139 13 research research NN 39142 1139 14 , , , 39142 1139 15 and and CC 39142 1139 16 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1139 17 is be VBZ 39142 1139 18 impossible impossible JJ 39142 1139 19 to to TO 39142 1139 20 predict predict VB 39142 1139 21 the the DT 39142 1139 22 future future NN 39142 1139 23 with with IN 39142 1139 24 more more RBR 39142 1139 25 powerful powerful JJ 39142 1139 26 apparatus apparatus NN 39142 1139 27 and and CC 39142 1139 28 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1139 29 processes process NNS 39142 1139 30 of of IN 39142 1139 31 higher high JJR 39142 1139 32 sensitiveness sensitiveness NN 39142 1139 33 . . . 39142 1140 1 The the DT 39142 1140 2 field field NN 39142 1140 3 of of IN 39142 1140 4 research research NN 39142 1140 5 is be VBZ 39142 1140 6 almost almost RB 39142 1140 7 boundless boundless JJ 39142 1140 8 , , , 39142 1140 9 and and CC 39142 1140 10 the the DT 39142 1140 11 possibilities possibility NNS 39142 1140 12 practically practically RB 39142 1140 13 without without IN 39142 1140 14 limit limit NN 39142 1140 15 . . . 39142 1141 1 What what WP 39142 1141 2 would would MD 39142 1141 3 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 1141 4 have have VB 39142 1141 5 done do VBN 39142 1141 6 with with IN 39142 1141 7 £ £ $ 39142 1141 8 100,000 100,000 CD 39142 1141 9 - - HYPH 39142 1141 10 -and -and NN 39142 1141 11 photography photography NN 39142 1141 12 ! ! . 39142 1142 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 1142 2 XXII XXII NNP 39142 1142 3 MOUNTAIN MOUNTAIN VBD 39142 1142 4 OBSERVATORIES observatory NNS 39142 1142 5 The the DT 39142 1142 6 century century NN 39142 1142 7 that that WDT 39142 1142 8 has have VBZ 39142 1142 9 elapsed elapse VBN 39142 1142 10 since since IN 39142 1142 11 the the DT 39142 1142 12 time time NN 39142 1142 13 of of IN 39142 1142 14 Sir Sir NNP 39142 1142 15 William William NNP 39142 1142 16 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 1142 17 , , , 39142 1142 18 known know VBN 39142 1142 19 as as IN 39142 1142 20 the the DT 39142 1142 21 father father NN 39142 1142 22 of of IN 39142 1142 23 the the DT 39142 1142 24 new new JJ 39142 1142 25 or or CC 39142 1142 26 descriptive descriptive JJ 39142 1142 27 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 1142 28 , , , 39142 1142 29 has have VBZ 39142 1142 30 witnessed witness VBN 39142 1142 31 all all PDT 39142 1142 32 the the DT 39142 1142 33 advances advance NNS 39142 1142 34 of of IN 39142 1142 35 the the DT 39142 1142 36 science science NN 39142 1142 37 that that WDT 39142 1142 38 have have VBP 39142 1142 39 been be VBN 39142 1142 40 made make VBN 39142 1142 41 possible possible JJ 39142 1142 42 by by IN 39142 1142 43 adopting adopt VBG 39142 1142 44 the the DT 39142 1142 45 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1142 46 method method NN 39142 1142 47 of of IN 39142 1142 48 making make VBG 39142 1142 49 the the DT 39142 1142 50 record record NN 39142 1142 51 , , , 39142 1142 52 instead instead RB 39142 1142 53 of of IN 39142 1142 54 depending depend VBG 39142 1142 55 upon upon IN 39142 1142 56 the the DT 39142 1142 57 human human JJ 39142 1142 58 eye eye NN 39142 1142 59 . . . 39142 1143 1 Only only RB 39142 1143 2 one one CD 39142 1143 3 eye eye NN 39142 1143 4 can can MD 39142 1143 5 be be VB 39142 1143 6 looking look VBG 39142 1143 7 at at IN 39142 1143 8 the the DT 39142 1143 9 eyepiece eyepiece NN 39142 1143 10 at at IN 39142 1143 11 a a DT 39142 1143 12 time time NN 39142 1143 13 : : : 39142 1143 14 the the DT 39142 1143 15 photograph photograph NN 39142 1143 16 can can MD 39142 1143 17 be be VB 39142 1143 18 studied study VBN 39142 1143 19 by by IN 39142 1143 20 a a DT 39142 1143 21 thousand thousand CD 39142 1143 22 eyes eye NNS 39142 1143 23 . . . 39142 1144 1 At at IN 39142 1144 2 mountain mountain NN 39142 1144 3 elevations elevation NNS 39142 1144 4 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 1144 5 are be VBP 39142 1144 6 now now RB 39142 1144 7 extensively extensively RB 39142 1144 8 employed employ VBN 39142 1144 9 , , , 39142 1144 10 and and CC 39142 1144 11 there there RB 39142 1144 12 the the DT 39142 1144 13 camera camera NN 39142 1144 14 is be VBZ 39142 1144 15 of of IN 39142 1144 16 especial especial JJ 39142 1144 17 and and CC 39142 1144 18 additional additional JJ 39142 1144 19 value value NN 39142 1144 20 , , , 39142 1144 21 because because IN 39142 1144 22 the the DT 39142 1144 23 photograph photograph NN 39142 1144 24 taken take VBN 39142 1144 25 on on IN 39142 1144 26 the the DT 39142 1144 27 mountain mountain NN 39142 1144 28 can can MD 39142 1144 29 be be VB 39142 1144 30 brought bring VBN 39142 1144 31 down down RP 39142 1144 32 for for IN 39142 1144 33 the the DT 39142 1144 34 expert expert NN 39142 1144 35 to to TO 39142 1144 36 study study VB 39142 1144 37 , , , 39142 1144 38 at at IN 39142 1144 39 ease ease NN 39142 1144 40 and and CC 39142 1144 41 in in IN 39142 1144 42 the the DT 39142 1144 43 comfort comfort NN 39142 1144 44 of of IN 39142 1144 45 a a DT 39142 1144 46 lower low JJR 39142 1144 47 elevation elevation NN 39142 1144 48 . . . 39142 1145 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 1145 2 shall shall MD 39142 1145 3 next next IN 39142 1145 4 trace trace NN 39142 1145 5 the the DT 39142 1145 6 movement movement NN 39142 1145 7 that that WDT 39142 1145 8 has have VBZ 39142 1145 9 led lead VBN 39142 1145 10 the the DT 39142 1145 11 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 1145 12 to to TO 39142 1145 13 seek seek VB 39142 1145 14 the the DT 39142 1145 15 summits summit NNS 39142 1145 16 of of IN 39142 1145 17 mountains mountain NNS 39142 1145 18 for for IN 39142 1145 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1145 20 observatories observatory NNS 39142 1145 21 , , , 39142 1145 22 and and CC 39142 1145 23 the the DT 39142 1145 24 photographer photographer NN 39142 1145 25 to to TO 39142 1145 26 follow follow VB 39142 1145 27 him -PRON- PRP 39142 1145 28 . . . 39142 1146 1 Not not RB 39142 1146 2 only only RB 39142 1146 3 did do VBD 39142 1146 4 the the DT 39142 1146 5 genius genius NN 39142 1146 6 of of IN 39142 1146 7 Newton Newton NNP 39142 1146 8 discover discover VBP 39142 1146 9 the the DT 39142 1146 10 law law NN 39142 1146 11 of of IN 39142 1146 12 universal universal NNP 39142 1146 13 gravitation gravitation NNP 39142 1146 14 , , , 39142 1146 15 and and CC 39142 1146 16 make make VB 39142 1146 17 the the DT 39142 1146 18 first first JJ 39142 1146 19 experiments experiment NNS 39142 1146 20 in in IN 39142 1146 21 optics optic NNS 39142 1146 22 essential essential JJ 39142 1146 23 to to IN 39142 1146 24 the the DT 39142 1146 25 invention invention NN 39142 1146 26 of of IN 39142 1146 27 the the DT 39142 1146 28 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 1146 29 , , , 39142 1146 30 but but CC 39142 1146 31 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1146 32 was be VBD 39142 1146 33 the the DT 39142 1146 34 real real JJ 39142 1146 35 originator originator NN 39142 1146 36 also also RB 39142 1146 37 of of IN 39142 1146 38 the the DT 39142 1146 39 modern modern JJ 39142 1146 40 movement movement NN 39142 1146 41 for for IN 39142 1146 42 the the DT 39142 1146 43 occupation occupation NN 39142 1146 44 of of IN 39142 1146 45 mountain mountain NN 39142 1146 46 elevations elevation NNS 39142 1146 47 for for IN 39142 1146 48 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 1146 49 observatories observatory NNS 39142 1146 50 . . . 39142 1147 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1147 2 keen keen JJ 39142 1147 3 mind mind NN 39142 1147 4 followed follow VBD 39142 1147 5 a a DT 39142 1147 6 ray ray NN 39142 1147 7 of of IN 39142 1147 8 light light NN 39142 1147 9 all all PDT 39142 1147 10 the the DT 39142 1147 11 way way NN 39142 1147 12 from from IN 39142 1147 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1147 14 celestial celestial JJ 39142 1147 15 source source NN 39142 1147 16 to to IN 39142 1147 17 the the DT 39142 1147 18 eye eye NN 39142 1147 19 of of IN 39142 1147 20 the the DT 39142 1147 21 observer observer NN 39142 1147 22 , , , 39142 1147 23 and and CC 39142 1147 24 analyzed analyze VBD 39142 1147 25 the the DT 39142 1147 26 causes cause NNS 39142 1147 27 of of IN 39142 1147 28 indistinct indistinct JJ 39142 1147 29 and and CC 39142 1147 30 imperfect imperfect JJ 39142 1147 31 vision vision NN 39142 1147 32 . . . 39142 1148 1 Endeavoring endeavor VBG 39142 1148 2 to to TO 39142 1148 3 improve improve VB 39142 1148 4 on on IN 39142 1148 5 the the DT 39142 1148 6 telescope telescope NN 39142 1148 7 as as IN 39142 1148 8 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 1148 9 and and CC 39142 1148 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1148 11 followers follower NNS 39142 1148 12 had have VBD 39142 1148 13 left leave VBN 39142 1148 14 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1148 15 , , , 39142 1148 16 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1148 17 found find VBD 39142 1148 18 such such JJ 39142 1148 19 inherent inherent JJ 39142 1148 20 difficulties difficulty NNS 39142 1148 21 in in IN 39142 1148 22 glass glass NN 39142 1148 23 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 1148 24 that that IN 39142 1148 25 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1148 26 abandoned abandon VBD 39142 1148 27 the the DT 39142 1148 28 refracting refracting NN 39142 1148 29 type type NN 39142 1148 30 of of IN 39142 1148 31 telescope telescope NN 39142 1148 32 for for IN 39142 1148 33 the the DT 39142 1148 34 reflector reflector NN 39142 1148 35 , , , 39142 1148 36 to to IN 39142 1148 37 the the DT 39142 1148 38 construction construction NN 39142 1148 39 of of IN 39142 1148 40 which which WDT 39142 1148 41 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1148 42 devoted devote VBD 39142 1148 43 many many JJ 39142 1148 44 years year NNS 39142 1148 45 . . . 39142 1149 1 But but CC 39142 1149 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1149 3 soon soon RB 39142 1149 4 found find VBD 39142 1149 5 out out RP 39142 1149 6 , , , 39142 1149 7 what what WP 39142 1149 8 every every DT 39142 1149 9 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 1149 10 and and CC 39142 1149 11 optician optician NNP 39142 1149 12 knew know VBD 39142 1149 13 to to IN 39142 1149 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1149 15 keen keen JJ 39142 1149 16 regret regret NN 39142 1149 17 , , , 39142 1149 18 that that IN 39142 1149 19 a a DT 39142 1149 20 telescope telescope NN 39142 1149 21 , , , 39142 1149 22 no no RB 39142 1149 23 matter matter RB 39142 1149 24 how how WRB 39142 1149 25 perfectly perfectly RB 39142 1149 26 the the DT 39142 1149 27 skill skill NN 39142 1149 28 of of IN 39142 1149 29 the the DT 39142 1149 30 optician optician NNP 39142 1149 31 's 's POS 39142 1149 32 hand hand NN 39142 1149 33 may may MD 39142 1149 34 make make VB 39142 1149 35 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1149 36 , , , 39142 1149 37 can can MD 39142 1149 38 not not RB 39142 1149 39 perform perform VB 39142 1149 40 perfectly perfectly RB 39142 1149 41 unless unless IN 39142 1149 42 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1149 43 has have VBZ 39142 1149 44 an an DT 39142 1149 45 optically optically RB 39142 1149 46 perfect perfect JJ 39142 1149 47 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1149 48 to to TO 39142 1149 49 look look VB 39142 1149 50 through through RB 39142 1149 51 . . . 39142 1150 1 So so RB 39142 1150 2 Newton Newton NNP 39142 1150 3 conceived conceive VBD 39142 1150 4 the the DT 39142 1150 5 idea idea NN 39142 1150 6 of of IN 39142 1150 7 a a DT 39142 1150 8 mountain mountain NN 39142 1150 9 observatory observatory NN 39142 1150 10 , , , 39142 1150 11 on on IN 39142 1150 12 the the DT 39142 1150 13 summit summit NN 39142 1150 14 of of IN 39142 1150 15 which which WDT 39142 1150 16 , , , 39142 1150 17 as as IN 39142 1150 18 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1150 19 thought think VBD 39142 1150 20 , , , 39142 1150 21 the the DT 39142 1150 22 air air NN 39142 1150 23 would would MD 39142 1150 24 be be VB 39142 1150 25 not not RB 39142 1150 26 only only RB 39142 1150 27 cloudless cloudless JJ 39142 1150 28 , , , 39142 1150 29 but but CC 39142 1150 30 so so RB 39142 1150 31 steady steady JJ 39142 1150 32 and and CC 39142 1150 33 equable equable JJ 39142 1150 34 that that IN 39142 1150 35 the the DT 39142 1150 36 rays ray NNS 39142 1150 37 of of IN 39142 1150 38 light light NN 39142 1150 39 from from IN 39142 1150 40 the the DT 39142 1150 41 heavenly heavenly JJ 39142 1150 42 bodies body NNS 39142 1150 43 might may MD 39142 1150 44 reach reach VB 39142 1150 45 the the DT 39142 1150 46 eye eye NN 39142 1150 47 undisturbed undisturbed JJ 39142 1150 48 by by IN 39142 1150 49 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 39142 1150 50 tremors tremor NNS 39142 1150 51 and and CC 39142 1150 52 quiverings quivering NNS 39142 1150 53 which which WDT 39142 1150 54 are be VBP 39142 1150 55 almost almost RB 39142 1150 56 always always RB 39142 1150 57 present present JJ 39142 1150 58 in in IN 39142 1150 59 the the DT 39142 1150 60 lower low JJR 39142 1150 61 strata strata NN 39142 1150 62 of of IN 39142 1150 63 the the DT 39142 1150 64 great great NNP 39142 1150 65 ocean ocean NN 39142 1150 66 of of IN 39142 1150 67 air air NN 39142 1150 68 that that WDT 39142 1150 69 surrounds surround VBZ 39142 1150 70 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1150 71 planet planet NN 39142 1150 72 . . . 39142 1151 1 This this DT 39142 1151 2 is be VBZ 39142 1151 3 the the DT 39142 1151 4 way way NN 39142 1151 5 Newton Newton NNP 39142 1151 6 puts put VBZ 39142 1151 7 the the DT 39142 1151 8 question question NN 39142 1151 9 in in IN 39142 1151 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1151 11 treatise treatise NN 39142 1151 12 on on IN 39142 1151 13 _ _ NNP 39142 1151 14 Opticks_--he Opticks_--he NNP 39142 1151 15 says say VBZ 39142 1151 16 : : : 39142 1151 17 " " `` 39142 1151 18 The the DT 39142 1151 19 Air air NN 39142 1151 20 through through IN 39142 1151 21 which which WDT 39142 1151 22 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1151 23 look look VBP 39142 1151 24 upon upon IN 39142 1151 25 the the DT 39142 1151 26 Stars Stars NNPS 39142 1151 27 , , , 39142 1151 28 is be VBZ 39142 1151 29 in in IN 39142 1151 30 a a DT 39142 1151 31 perpetual perpetual JJ 39142 1151 32 Tremor Tremor NNP 39142 1151 33 ; ; : 39142 1151 34 as as IN 39142 1151 35 may may MD 39142 1151 36 be be VB 39142 1151 37 seen see VBN 39142 1151 38 by by IN 39142 1151 39 the the DT 39142 1151 40 tremulous tremulous JJ 39142 1151 41 Motion Motion NNP 39142 1151 42 of of IN 39142 1151 43 Shadows Shadows NNPS 39142 1151 44 cast cast VBD 39142 1151 45 from from IN 39142 1151 46 high high JJ 39142 1151 47 Towers tower NNS 39142 1151 48 , , , 39142 1151 49 and and CC 39142 1151 50 by by IN 39142 1151 51 the the DT 39142 1151 52 twinkling twinkling NN 39142 1151 53 of of IN 39142 1151 54 the the DT 39142 1151 55 fix'd fix'd NNS 39142 1151 56 stars star NNS 39142 1151 57 .... .... . 39142 1152 1 The the DT 39142 1152 2 only only JJ 39142 1152 3 remedy remedy NN 39142 1152 4 is be VBZ 39142 1152 5 a a DT 39142 1152 6 most most RBS 39142 1152 7 serene serene JJ 39142 1152 8 and and CC 39142 1152 9 quiet quiet JJ 39142 1152 10 Air air NN 39142 1152 11 , , , 39142 1152 12 such such JJ 39142 1152 13 as as IN 39142 1152 14 may may MD 39142 1152 15 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 1152 16 be be VB 39142 1152 17 found find VBN 39142 1152 18 on on IN 39142 1152 19 the the DT 39142 1152 20 tops top NNS 39142 1152 21 of of IN 39142 1152 22 the the DT 39142 1152 23 highest high JJS 39142 1152 24 Mountains mountain NNS 39142 1152 25 above above IN 39142 1152 26 the the DT 39142 1152 27 grosser gross JJR 39142 1152 28 Clouds Clouds NNPS 39142 1152 29 . . . 39142 1152 30 " " '' 39142 1153 1 Newton Newton NNP 39142 1153 2 's 's POS 39142 1153 3 suggestion suggestion NN 39142 1153 4 is be VBZ 39142 1153 5 that that IN 39142 1153 6 the the DT 39142 1153 7 _ _ NNP 39142 1153 8 highest high JJS 39142 1153 9 _ _ NNP 39142 1153 10 mountains mountain NNS 39142 1153 11 may may MD 39142 1153 12 afford afford VB 39142 1153 13 the the DT 39142 1153 14 best good JJS 39142 1153 15 conditions condition NNS 39142 1153 16 for for IN 39142 1153 17 tranquillity tranquillity NN 39142 1153 18 ; ; : 39142 1153 19 and and CC 39142 1153 20 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1153 21 is be VBZ 39142 1153 22 an an DT 39142 1153 23 interesting interesting JJ 39142 1153 24 coincidence coincidence NN 39142 1153 25 that that IN 39142 1153 26 the the DT 39142 1153 27 summits summit NNS 39142 1153 28 of of IN 39142 1153 29 the the DT 39142 1153 30 highest high JJS 39142 1153 31 mountains mountain NNS 39142 1153 32 , , , 39142 1153 33 about about RB 39142 1153 34 30,000 30,000 CD 39142 1153 35 feet foot NNS 39142 1153 36 in in IN 39142 1153 37 elevation elevation NN 39142 1153 38 , , , 39142 1153 39 are be VBP 39142 1153 40 at at IN 39142 1153 41 about about IN 39142 1153 42 the the DT 39142 1153 43 same same JJ 39142 1153 44 level level NN 39142 1153 45 where where WRB 39142 1153 46 the the DT 39142 1153 47 turbulence turbulence NN 39142 1153 48 of of IN 39142 1153 49 the the DT 39142 1153 50 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1153 51 most most RBS 39142 1153 52 likely likely JJ 39142 1153 53 ceases cease NNS 39142 1153 54 , , , 39142 1153 55 according accord VBG 39142 1153 56 to to IN 39142 1153 57 the the DT 39142 1153 58 indications indication NNS 39142 1153 59 of of IN 39142 1153 60 recent recent JJ 39142 1153 61 meteorological meteorological JJ 39142 1153 62 research research NN 39142 1153 63 . . . 39142 1154 1 These these DT 39142 1154 2 heights height NNS 39142 1154 3 are be VBP 39142 1154 4 far far RB 39142 1154 5 above above IN 39142 1154 6 any any DT 39142 1154 7 elevations elevation NNS 39142 1154 8 permanently permanently RB 39142 1154 9 occupied occupy VBN 39142 1154 10 as as IN 39142 1154 11 yet yet RB 39142 1154 12 , , , 39142 1154 13 but but CC 39142 1154 14 a a DT 39142 1154 15 good good JJ 39142 1154 16 beginning beginning NN 39142 1154 17 has have VBZ 39142 1154 18 been be VBN 39142 1154 19 made make VBN 39142 1154 20 and and CC 39142 1154 21 results result NNS 39142 1154 22 of of IN 39142 1154 23 great great JJ 39142 1154 24 value value NN 39142 1154 25 have have VBP 39142 1154 26 already already RB 39142 1154 27 been be VBN 39142 1154 28 reached reach VBN 39142 1154 29 . . . 39142 1155 1 Curiously curiously RB 39142 1155 2 , , , 39142 1155 3 investigation investigation NN 39142 1155 4 of of IN 39142 1155 5 mountain mountain NN 39142 1155 6 peaks peak NNS 39142 1155 7 and and CC 39142 1155 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1155 9 suitability suitability NN 39142 1155 10 for for IN 39142 1155 11 this this DT 39142 1155 12 purpose purpose NN 39142 1155 13 was be VBD 39142 1155 14 not not RB 39142 1155 15 undertaken undertake VBN 39142 1155 16 till till IN 39142 1155 17 nearly nearly RB 39142 1155 18 two two CD 39142 1155 19 centuries century NNS 39142 1155 20 after after IN 39142 1155 21 Newton Newton NNP 39142 1155 22 , , , 39142 1155 23 when when WRB 39142 1155 24 Piazzi Piazzi NNP 39142 1155 25 Smyth Smyth NNP 39142 1155 26 in in IN 39142 1155 27 1856 1856 CD 39142 1155 28 organized organize VBD 39142 1155 29 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1155 30 expedition expedition NN 39142 1155 31 to to IN 39142 1155 32 the the DT 39142 1155 33 summit summit NN 39142 1155 34 of of IN 39142 1155 35 a a DT 39142 1155 36 mountain mountain NN 39142 1155 37 of of IN 39142 1155 38 quite quite RB 39142 1155 39 moderate moderate JJ 39142 1155 40 elevation elevation NN 39142 1155 41 , , , 39142 1155 42 and and CC 39142 1155 43 published publish VBD 39142 1155 44 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1155 45 " " `` 39142 1155 46 Teneriffe Teneriffe NNP 39142 1155 47 : : : 39142 1155 48 an an DT 39142 1155 49 Astronomer Astronomer NNP 39142 1155 50 's 's POS 39142 1155 51 Experiment Experiment NNP 39142 1155 52 . . . 39142 1155 53 " " '' 39142 1156 1 Teneriffe Teneriffe NNP 39142 1156 2 is be VBZ 39142 1156 3 an an DT 39142 1156 4 accessible accessible JJ 39142 1156 5 peak peak NN 39142 1156 6 of of IN 39142 1156 7 about about RB 39142 1156 8 10,000 10,000 CD 39142 1156 9 feet foot NNS 39142 1156 10 , , , 39142 1156 11 on on IN 39142 1156 12 an an DT 39142 1156 13 island island NN 39142 1156 14 of of IN 39142 1156 15 the the DT 39142 1156 16 Canaries canary NNS 39142 1156 17 off off IN 39142 1156 18 the the DT 39142 1156 19 African african JJ 39142 1156 20 coast coast NN 39142 1156 21 , , , 39142 1156 22 where where WRB 39142 1156 23 Smyth Smyth NNP 39142 1156 24 fancied fancy VBD 39142 1156 25 that that IN 39142 1156 26 conditions condition NNS 39142 1156 27 of of IN 39142 1156 28 equability equability NN 39142 1156 29 would would MD 39142 1156 30 exist exist VB 39142 1156 31 ; ; : 39142 1156 32 and and CC 39142 1156 33 on on IN 39142 1156 34 reaching reach VBG 39142 1156 35 the the DT 39142 1156 36 summit summit NN 39142 1156 37 with with IN 39142 1156 38 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1156 39 apparatus apparatus NN 39142 1156 40 and and CC 39142 1156 41 spending spend VBG 39142 1156 42 a a DT 39142 1156 43 few few JJ 39142 1156 44 days day NNS 39142 1156 45 and and CC 39142 1156 46 nights night NNS 39142 1156 47 there there RB 39142 1156 48 , , , 39142 1156 49 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1156 50 was be VBD 39142 1156 51 not not RB 39142 1156 52 disappointed disappointed JJ 39142 1156 53 . . . 39142 1157 1 Could Could MD 39142 1157 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1157 3 have have VB 39142 1157 4 reached reach VBN 39142 1157 5 an an DT 39142 1157 6 elevation elevation NN 39142 1157 7 of of IN 39142 1157 8 13,000 13,000 CD 39142 1157 9 feet foot NNS 39142 1157 10 , , , 39142 1157 11 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1157 12 would would MD 39142 1157 13 have have VB 39142 1157 14 had have VBN 39142 1157 15 fully fully RB 39142 1157 16 one one CD 39142 1157 17 - - HYPH 39142 1157 18 third third NN 39142 1157 19 of of IN 39142 1157 20 all all PDT 39142 1157 21 the the DT 39142 1157 22 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1157 23 in in IN 39142 1157 24 weight weight NN 39142 1157 25 below below IN 39142 1157 26 him -PRON- PRP 39142 1157 27 , , , 39142 1157 28 and and CC 39142 1157 29 that that IN 39142 1157 30 the the DT 39142 1157 31 most most RBS 39142 1157 32 turbulent turbulent JJ 39142 1157 33 portion portion NN 39142 1157 34 of of IN 39142 1157 35 all all DT 39142 1157 36 . . . 39142 1158 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 1158 2 , , , 39142 1158 3 the the DT 39142 1158 4 gain gain NN 39142 1158 5 in in IN 39142 1158 6 steadiness steadiness NN 39142 1158 7 of of IN 39142 1158 8 the the DT 39142 1158 9 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1158 10 , , , 39142 1158 11 providing provide VBG 39142 1158 12 " " `` 39142 1158 13 better well JJR 39142 1158 14 seeing seeing NN 39142 1158 15 , , , 39142 1158 16 " " '' 39142 1158 17 as as IN 39142 1158 18 the the DT 39142 1158 19 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 1158 20 's 's POS 39142 1158 21 expression expression NN 39142 1158 22 is be VBZ 39142 1158 23 , , , 39142 1158 24 even even RB 39142 1158 25 at at IN 39142 1158 26 10,000 10,000 CD 39142 1158 27 feet foot NNS 39142 1158 28 , , , 39142 1158 29 was be VBD 39142 1158 30 most most RBS 39142 1158 31 encouraging encouraging JJ 39142 1158 32 , , , 39142 1158 33 and and CC 39142 1158 34 led lead VBD 39142 1158 35 to to IN 39142 1158 36 attempts attempt NNS 39142 1158 37 on on IN 39142 1158 38 other other JJ 39142 1158 39 peaks peak NNS 39142 1158 40 by by IN 39142 1158 41 other other JJ 39142 1158 42 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1158 43 , , , 39142 1158 44 a a DT 39142 1158 45 few few JJ 39142 1158 46 of of IN 39142 1158 47 whom whom WP 39142 1158 48 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1158 49 shall shall MD 39142 1158 50 mention mention VB 39142 1158 51 . . . 39142 1159 1 Davidson Davidson NNP 39142 1159 2 , , , 39142 1159 3 an an DT 39142 1159 4 observer observer NN 39142 1159 5 of of IN 39142 1159 6 the the DT 39142 1159 7 United United NNP 39142 1159 8 States States NNP 39142 1159 9 Coast Coast NNP 39142 1159 10 Survey Survey NNP 39142 1159 11 , , , 39142 1159 12 with with IN 39142 1159 13 a a DT 39142 1159 14 broad broad JJ 39142 1159 15 experience experience NN 39142 1159 16 of of IN 39142 1159 17 many many JJ 39142 1159 18 years year NNS 39142 1159 19 in in IN 39142 1159 20 mountain mountain NN 39142 1159 21 observing observing NN 39142 1159 22 , , , 39142 1159 23 investigated investigate VBD 39142 1159 24 the the DT 39142 1159 25 summit summit NN 39142 1159 26 of of IN 39142 1159 27 the the DT 39142 1159 28 Sierra Sierra NNP 39142 1159 29 Nevada Nevada NNP 39142 1159 30 mountains mountain NNS 39142 1159 31 as as RB 39142 1159 32 early early RB 39142 1159 33 as as IN 39142 1159 34 1872 1872 CD 39142 1159 35 , , , 39142 1159 36 at at IN 39142 1159 37 an an DT 39142 1159 38 elevation elevation NN 39142 1159 39 of of IN 39142 1159 40 7,200 7,200 CD 39142 1159 41 feet foot NNS 39142 1159 42 . . . 39142 1160 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1160 2 especial especial JJ 39142 1160 3 object object NN 39142 1160 4 was be VBD 39142 1160 5 to to TO 39142 1160 6 make make VB 39142 1160 7 an an DT 39142 1160 8 accurate accurate JJ 39142 1160 9 comparison comparison NN 39142 1160 10 between between IN 39142 1160 11 elevated elevated JJ 39142 1160 12 stations station NNS 39142 1160 13 at at IN 39142 1160 14 different different JJ 39142 1160 15 heights height NNS 39142 1160 16 . . . 39142 1161 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 1161 2 found find VBD 39142 1161 3 the the DT 39142 1161 4 seeing seeing NN 39142 1161 5 excellent excellent JJ 39142 1161 6 , , , 39142 1161 7 especially especially RB 39142 1161 8 on on IN 39142 1161 9 the the DT 39142 1161 10 sun sun NN 39142 1161 11 ; ; : 39142 1161 12 but but CC 39142 1161 13 the the DT 39142 1161 14 excessive excessive JJ 39142 1161 15 snowfall snowfall NN 39142 1161 16 at at IN 39142 1161 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1161 18 station station NN 39142 1161 19 , , , 39142 1161 20 45 45 CD 39142 1161 21 feet foot NNS 39142 1161 22 annually annually RB 39142 1161 23 , , , 39142 1161 24 was be VBD 39142 1161 25 a a DT 39142 1161 26 condition condition NN 39142 1161 27 very very RB 39142 1161 28 adverse adverse RB 39142 1161 29 to to IN 39142 1161 30 permanent permanent JJ 39142 1161 31 occupation occupation NN 39142 1161 32 . . . 39142 1162 1 In in IN 39142 1162 2 the the DT 39142 1162 3 summer summer NN 39142 1162 4 of of IN 39142 1162 5 1872 1872 CD 39142 1162 6 , , , 39142 1162 7 Young Young NNP 39142 1162 8 spent spend VBD 39142 1162 9 several several JJ 39142 1162 10 weeks week NNS 39142 1162 11 at at IN 39142 1162 12 Sherman Sherman NNP 39142 1162 13 , , , 39142 1162 14 Wyoming Wyoming NNP 39142 1162 15 , , , 39142 1162 16 at at IN 39142 1162 17 an an DT 39142 1162 18 elevation elevation NN 39142 1162 19 exceeding exceed VBG 39142 1162 20 8,300 8,300 CD 39142 1162 21 feet foot NNS 39142 1162 22 . . . 39142 1163 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 1163 2 carried carry VBD 39142 1163 3 with with IN 39142 1163 4 him -PRON- PRP 39142 1163 5 the the DT 39142 1163 6 9.4-inch 9.4-inch CD 39142 1163 7 telescope telescope NN 39142 1163 8 of of IN 39142 1163 9 Dartmouth Dartmouth NNP 39142 1163 10 College College NNP 39142 1163 11 , , , 39142 1163 12 where where WRB 39142 1163 13 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1163 14 was be VBD 39142 1163 15 then then RB 39142 1163 16 professor professor NN 39142 1163 17 , , , 39142 1163 18 and and CC 39142 1163 19 this this DT 39142 1163 20 was be VBD 39142 1163 21 the the DT 39142 1163 22 first first JJ 39142 1163 23 expedition expedition NN 39142 1163 24 on on IN 39142 1163 25 which which WDT 39142 1163 26 a a DT 39142 1163 27 large large JJ 39142 1163 28 glass glass NN 39142 1163 29 was be VBD 39142 1163 30 used use VBN 39142 1163 31 by by IN 39142 1163 32 a a DT 39142 1163 33 very very RB 39142 1163 34 skillful skillful JJ 39142 1163 35 observer observer NN 39142 1163 36 at at IN 39142 1163 37 great great JJ 39142 1163 38 elevation elevation NN 39142 1163 39 . . . 39142 1164 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 1164 2 found find VBD 39142 1164 3 the the DT 39142 1164 4 number number NN 39142 1164 5 of of IN 39142 1164 6 good good JJ 39142 1164 7 days day NNS 39142 1164 8 and and CC 39142 1164 9 nights night NNS 39142 1164 10 small small JJ 39142 1164 11 , , , 39142 1164 12 but but CC 39142 1164 13 the the DT 39142 1164 14 sky sky NN 39142 1164 15 was be VBD 39142 1164 16 exceedingly exceedingly RB 39142 1164 17 favorable favorable JJ 39142 1164 18 when when WRB 39142 1164 19 clear clear JJ 39142 1164 20 . . . 39142 1165 1 Many many JJ 39142 1165 2 7th 7th JJ 39142 1165 3 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 1165 4 stars star NNS 39142 1165 5 could could MD 39142 1165 6 be be VB 39142 1165 7 detected detect VBN 39142 1165 8 with with IN 39142 1165 9 the the DT 39142 1165 10 naked naked JJ 39142 1165 11 eye eye NN 39142 1165 12 . . . 39142 1166 1 Young Young NNP 39142 1166 2 's 's POS 39142 1166 3 observations observation NNS 39142 1166 4 at at IN 39142 1166 5 Sherman Sherman NNP 39142 1166 6 were be VBD 39142 1166 7 mainly mainly RB 39142 1166 8 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 1166 9 , , , 39142 1166 10 however however RB 39142 1166 11 , , , 39142 1166 12 and and CC 39142 1166 13 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1166 14 demonstrated demonstrate VBD 39142 1166 15 the the DT 39142 1166 16 immense immense JJ 39142 1166 17 advantage advantage NN 39142 1166 18 of of IN 39142 1166 19 a a DT 39142 1166 20 high high JJ 39142 1166 21 - - HYPH 39142 1166 22 level level NN 39142 1166 23 station station NN 39142 1166 24 , , , 39142 1166 25 far far RB 39142 1166 26 above above IN 39142 1166 27 the the DT 39142 1166 28 dust dust NN 39142 1166 29 and and CC 39142 1166 30 haze haze NN 39142 1166 31 of of IN 39142 1166 32 the the DT 39142 1166 33 lower low JJR 39142 1166 34 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1166 35 . . . 39142 1167 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 1167 2 pronounced pronounce VBD 39142 1167 3 the the DT 39142 1167 4 9.4-inch 9.4-inch CD 39142 1167 5 glass glass NN 39142 1167 6 at at IN 39142 1167 7 8,000 8,000 CD 39142 1167 8 feet foot NNS 39142 1167 9 the the DT 39142 1167 10 full full JJ 39142 1167 11 equivalent equivalent NN 39142 1167 12 of of IN 39142 1167 13 a a DT 39142 1167 14 12-inch 12-inch CD 39142 1167 15 at at IN 39142 1167 16 sea sea NN 39142 1167 17 level level NN 39142 1167 18 . . . 39142 1168 1 Mont Mont NNP 39142 1168 2 Blanc Blanc NNP 39142 1168 3 of of IN 39142 1168 4 15,000 15,000 CD 39142 1168 5 feet foot NNS 39142 1168 6 elevation elevation NN 39142 1168 7 was be VBD 39142 1168 8 another another DT 39142 1168 9 summit summit NN 39142 1168 10 where where WRB 39142 1168 11 the the DT 39142 1168 12 veteran veteran NN 39142 1168 13 Janssen Janssen NNP 39142 1168 14 of of IN 39142 1168 15 Paris Paris NNP 39142 1168 16 maintained maintain VBD 39142 1168 17 a a DT 39142 1168 18 station station NN 39142 1168 19 for for IN 39142 1168 20 many many JJ 39142 1168 21 years year NNS 39142 1168 22 ; ; : 39142 1168 23 but but CC 39142 1168 24 the the DT 39142 1168 25 continental continental JJ 39142 1168 26 conditions condition NNS 39142 1168 27 of of IN 39142 1168 28 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 39142 1168 29 moisture moisture NN 39142 1168 30 and and CC 39142 1168 31 circulation circulation NN 39142 1168 32 were be VBD 39142 1168 33 not not RB 39142 1168 34 favorable favorable JJ 39142 1168 35 on on IN 39142 1168 36 the the DT 39142 1168 37 whole whole NN 39142 1168 38 . . . 39142 1169 1 Janssen Janssen NNP 39142 1169 2 was be VBD 39142 1169 3 mainly mainly RB 39142 1169 4 interested interested JJ 39142 1169 5 in in IN 39142 1169 6 the the DT 39142 1169 7 sun sun NN 39142 1169 8 , , , 39142 1169 9 and and CC 39142 1169 10 the the DT 39142 1169 11 daylight daylight NN 39142 1169 12 seeing seeing NN 39142 1169 13 is be VBZ 39142 1169 14 rarely rarely RB 39142 1169 15 benefited benefit VBN 39142 1169 16 , , , 39142 1169 17 owing owe VBG 39142 1169 18 to to IN 39142 1169 19 the the DT 39142 1169 20 strong strong JJ 39142 1169 21 upward upward JJ 39142 1169 22 currents current NNS 39142 1169 23 of of IN 39142 1169 24 warm warm JJ 39142 1169 25 air air NN 39142 1169 26 set set VBN 39142 1169 27 in in IN 39142 1169 28 motion motion NN 39142 1169 29 by by IN 39142 1169 30 the the DT 39142 1169 31 sun sun NN 39142 1169 32 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 1169 33 . . . 39142 1170 1 Mountains mountain NNS 39142 1170 2 in in IN 39142 1170 3 the the DT 39142 1170 4 beautiful beautiful JJ 39142 1170 5 climate climate NN 39142 1170 6 of of IN 39142 1170 7 California California NNP 39142 1170 8 were be VBD 39142 1170 9 among among IN 39142 1170 10 the the DT 39142 1170 11 earliest early JJS 39142 1170 12 investigated investigate VBN 39142 1170 13 , , , 39142 1170 14 and and CC 39142 1170 15 when when WRB 39142 1170 16 in in IN 39142 1170 17 1874 1874 CD 39142 1170 18 the the DT 39142 1170 19 trustees trustee NNS 39142 1170 20 of of IN 39142 1170 21 Mr. Mr. NNP 39142 1170 22 James James NNP 39142 1170 23 Lick Lick NNP 39142 1170 24 's 's POS 39142 1170 25 estate estate NN 39142 1170 26 were be VBD 39142 1170 27 charged charge VBN 39142 1170 28 with with IN 39142 1170 29 equipping equip VBG 39142 1170 30 an an DT 39142 1170 31 observatory observatory NN 39142 1170 32 with with IN 39142 1170 33 the the DT 39142 1170 34 most most RBS 39142 1170 35 powerful powerful JJ 39142 1170 36 telescope telescope NN 39142 1170 37 in in IN 39142 1170 38 existence existence NN 39142 1170 39 , , , 39142 1170 40 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1170 41 wisely wisely RB 39142 1170 42 located locate VBD 39142 1170 43 on on IN 39142 1170 44 the the DT 39142 1170 45 summit summit NN 39142 1170 46 of of IN 39142 1170 47 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1170 48 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 39142 1170 49 . . . 39142 1171 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1171 2 is be VBZ 39142 1171 3 4,300 4,300 CD 39142 1171 4 feet foot NNS 39142 1171 5 above above IN 39142 1171 6 sea sea NN 39142 1171 7 level level NN 39142 1171 8 , , , 39142 1171 9 and and CC 39142 1171 10 Burnham Burnham NNP 39142 1171 11 and and CC 39142 1171 12 other other JJ 39142 1171 13 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1171 14 made make VBD 39142 1171 15 critical critical JJ 39142 1171 16 tests test NNS 39142 1171 17 of of IN 39142 1171 18 the the DT 39142 1171 19 steadiness steadiness NN 39142 1171 20 of of IN 39142 1171 21 vision vision NN 39142 1171 22 there there RB 39142 1171 23 by by IN 39142 1171 24 observing observe VBG 39142 1171 25 double double JJ 39142 1171 26 stars star NNS 39142 1171 27 , , , 39142 1171 28 which which WDT 39142 1171 29 afford afford VBP 39142 1171 30 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 1171 31 the the DT 39142 1171 32 best good JJS 39142 1171 33 means mean NNS 39142 1171 34 of of IN 39142 1171 35 comparing compare VBG 39142 1171 36 the the DT 39142 1171 37 optical optical JJ 39142 1171 38 quality quality NN 39142 1171 39 of of IN 39142 1171 40 the the DT 39142 1171 41 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1171 42 of of IN 39142 1171 43 one one CD 39142 1171 44 region region NN 39142 1171 45 with with IN 39142 1171 46 another another DT 39142 1171 47 . . . 39142 1172 1 The the DT 39142 1172 2 writer writer NN 39142 1172 3 was be VBD 39142 1172 4 fortunate fortunate JJ 39142 1172 5 in in IN 39142 1172 6 having have VBG 39142 1172 7 charge charge NN 39142 1172 8 of of IN 39142 1172 9 the the DT 39142 1172 10 observations observation NNS 39142 1172 11 of of IN 39142 1172 12 the the DT 39142 1172 13 transit transit NN 39142 1172 14 of of IN 39142 1172 15 Venus Venus NNP 39142 1172 16 in in IN 39142 1172 17 1882 1882 CD 39142 1172 18 on on IN 39142 1172 19 the the DT 39142 1172 20 mountain mountain NN 39142 1172 21 , , , 39142 1172 22 when when WRB 39142 1172 23 the the DT 39142 1172 24 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1172 25 was be VBD 39142 1172 26 in in IN 39142 1172 27 process process NN 39142 1172 28 of of IN 39142 1172 29 construction construction NN 39142 1172 30 , , , 39142 1172 31 and and CC 39142 1172 32 the the DT 39142 1172 33 quality quality NN 39142 1172 34 of of IN 39142 1172 35 the the DT 39142 1172 36 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1172 37 obtained obtain VBN 39142 1172 38 on on IN 39142 1172 39 that that DT 39142 1172 40 occasion occasion NN 39142 1172 41 demonstrated demonstrate VBD 39142 1172 42 anew anew RB 39142 1172 43 the the DT 39142 1172 44 excellence excellence NN 39142 1172 45 of of IN 39142 1172 46 the the DT 39142 1172 47 site site NN 39142 1172 48 . . . 39142 1173 1 Particularly particularly RB 39142 1173 2 at at IN 39142 1173 3 night night NN 39142 1173 4 , , , 39142 1173 5 for for IN 39142 1173 6 about about RB 39142 1173 7 nine nine CD 39142 1173 8 months month NNS 39142 1173 9 of of IN 39142 1173 10 the the DT 39142 1173 11 year year NN 39142 1173 12 , , , 39142 1173 13 the the DT 39142 1173 14 seeing seeing NN 39142 1173 15 is be VBZ 39142 1173 16 exceptionally exceptionally RB 39142 1173 17 good good JJ 39142 1173 18 , , , 39142 1173 19 especially especially RB 39142 1173 20 when when WRB 39142 1173 21 fog fog NN 39142 1173 22 banks bank NNS 39142 1173 23 rolling roll VBG 39142 1173 24 in in RB 39142 1173 25 from from IN 39142 1173 26 the the DT 39142 1173 27 Pacific Pacific NNP 39142 1173 28 , , , 39142 1173 29 cover cover VB 39142 1173 30 the the DT 39142 1173 31 valleys valley NNS 39142 1173 32 below below RB 39142 1173 33 like like IN 39142 1173 34 a a DT 39142 1173 35 blanket blanket NN 39142 1173 36 , , , 39142 1173 37 preventing prevent VBG 39142 1173 38 harmful harmful JJ 39142 1173 39 radiation radiation NN 39142 1173 40 from from IN 39142 1173 41 the the DT 39142 1173 42 soil soil NN 39142 1173 43 below below RB 39142 1173 44 . . . 39142 1174 1 The the DT 39142 1174 2 great great JJ 39142 1174 3 telescope telescope NN 39142 1174 4 mounted mount VBD 39142 1174 5 in in IN 39142 1174 6 1888 1888 CD 39142 1174 7 , , , 39142 1174 8 a a DT 39142 1174 9 36-inch 36-inch CD 39142 1174 10 refractor refractor NN 39142 1174 11 by by IN 39142 1174 12 Alvan Alvan NNP 39142 1174 13 Clark Clark NNP 39142 1174 14 , , , 39142 1174 15 has have VBZ 39142 1174 16 fulfilled fulfil VBN 39142 1174 17 every every DT 39142 1174 18 expectation expectation NN 39142 1174 19 of of IN 39142 1174 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1174 21 projectors projector NNS 39142 1174 22 , , , 39142 1174 23 and and CC 39142 1174 24 justified justify VBD 39142 1174 25 the the DT 39142 1174 26 selection selection NN 39142 1174 27 of of IN 39142 1174 28 the the DT 39142 1174 29 site site NN 39142 1174 30 in in IN 39142 1174 31 every every DT 39142 1174 32 particular particular NN 39142 1174 33 . . . 39142 1175 1 The the DT 39142 1175 2 elevation elevation NN 39142 1175 3 , , , 39142 1175 4 although although IN 39142 1175 5 moderate moderate JJ 39142 1175 6 , , , 39142 1175 7 is be VBZ 39142 1175 8 still still RB 39142 1175 9 high high JJ 39142 1175 10 enough enough RB 39142 1175 11 to to TO 39142 1175 12 secure secure VB 39142 1175 13 very very RB 39142 1175 14 marked marked JJ 39142 1175 15 advantage advantage NN 39142 1175 16 in in IN 39142 1175 17 clearness clearness NN 39142 1175 18 and and CC 39142 1175 19 steadiness steadiness NN 39142 1175 20 of of IN 39142 1175 21 the the DT 39142 1175 22 air air NN 39142 1175 23 , , , 39142 1175 24 and and CC 39142 1175 25 at at IN 39142 1175 26 the the DT 39142 1175 27 same same JJ 39142 1175 28 time time NN 39142 1175 29 not not RB 39142 1175 30 so so RB 39142 1175 31 high high JJ 39142 1175 32 that that IN 39142 1175 33 the the DT 39142 1175 34 health health NN 39142 1175 35 and and CC 39142 1175 36 activities activity NNS 39142 1175 37 of of IN 39142 1175 38 the the DT 39142 1175 39 observers observer NNS 39142 1175 40 are be VBP 39142 1175 41 appreciably appreciably RB 39142 1175 42 affected affect VBN 39142 1175 43 by by IN 39142 1175 44 the the DT 39142 1175 45 thinner thin JJR 39142 1175 46 air air NN 39142 1175 47 of of IN 39142 1175 48 the the DT 39142 1175 49 summit summit NN 39142 1175 50 . . . 39142 1176 1 This this DT 39142 1176 2 telescope telescope NN 39142 1176 3 is be VBZ 39142 1176 4 known know VBN 39142 1176 5 the the DT 39142 1176 6 world world NN 39142 1176 7 over over RP 39142 1176 8 for for IN 39142 1176 9 the the DT 39142 1176 10 monumental monumental JJ 39142 1176 11 contributions contribution NNS 39142 1176 12 to to TO 39142 1176 13 science science NN 39142 1176 14 made make VBN 39142 1176 15 by by IN 39142 1176 16 the the DT 39142 1176 17 able able JJ 39142 1176 18 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1176 19 who who WP 39142 1176 20 have have VBP 39142 1176 21 worked work VBN 39142 1176 22 with with IN 39142 1176 23 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1176 24 : : : 39142 1176 25 among among IN 39142 1176 26 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1176 27 Barnard Barnard NNP 39142 1176 28 who who WP 39142 1176 29 discovered discover VBD 39142 1176 30 the the DT 39142 1176 31 fifth fifth JJ 39142 1176 32 satellite satellite NN 39142 1176 33 of of IN 39142 1176 34 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 1176 35 in in IN 39142 1176 36 1892 1892 CD 39142 1176 37 ; ; : 39142 1176 38 Burnham Burnham NNP 39142 1176 39 , , , 39142 1176 40 Hussey Hussey NNP 39142 1176 41 , , , 39142 1176 42 and and CC 39142 1176 43 Aitken Aitken NNP 39142 1176 44 , , , 39142 1176 45 who who WP 39142 1176 46 have have VBP 39142 1176 47 discovered discover VBN 39142 1176 48 and and CC 39142 1176 49 measured measure VBN 39142 1176 50 thousands thousand NNS 39142 1176 51 of of IN 39142 1176 52 close close JJ 39142 1176 53 double double JJ 39142 1176 54 stars star NNS 39142 1176 55 ; ; : 39142 1176 56 Keeler Keeler NNP 39142 1176 57 , , , 39142 1176 58 who who WP 39142 1176 59 spent spend VBD 39142 1176 60 many many JJ 39142 1176 61 faithful faithful JJ 39142 1176 62 years year NNS 39142 1176 63 on on IN 39142 1176 64 the the DT 39142 1176 65 summit summit NN 39142 1176 66 ; ; : 39142 1176 67 and and CC 39142 1176 68 Campbell Campbell NNP 39142 1176 69 , , , 39142 1176 70 the the DT 39142 1176 71 present present JJ 39142 1176 72 director director NN 39142 1176 73 , , , 39142 1176 74 whose whose WP$ 39142 1176 75 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 1176 76 researches research NNS 39142 1176 77 on on IN 39142 1176 78 stellar stellar JJ 39142 1176 79 movements movement NNS 39142 1176 80 have have VBP 39142 1176 81 added add VBN 39142 1176 82 greatly greatly RB 39142 1176 83 to to IN 39142 1176 84 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1176 85 knowledge knowledge NN 39142 1176 86 of of IN 39142 1176 87 the the DT 39142 1176 88 structure structure NN 39142 1176 89 of of IN 39142 1176 90 the the DT 39142 1176 91 universe universe NN 39142 1176 92 . . . 39142 1177 1 Among among IN 39142 1177 2 the the DT 39142 1177 3 many many JJ 39142 1177 4 lines line NNS 39142 1177 5 of of IN 39142 1177 6 research research NN 39142 1177 7 now now RB 39142 1177 8 in in IN 39142 1177 9 progress progress NN 39142 1177 10 at at IN 39142 1177 11 the the DT 39142 1177 12 Lick Lick NNP 39142 1177 13 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1177 14 and and CC 39142 1177 15 in in IN 39142 1177 16 the the DT 39142 1177 17 D. D. NNP 39142 1177 18 O. O. NNP 39142 1178 1 Mills Mills NNPS 39142 1178 2 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1178 3 at at IN 39142 1178 4 Santiago Santiago NNP 39142 1178 5 , , , 39142 1178 6 Chile Chile NNP 39142 1178 7 , , , 39142 1178 8 are be VBP 39142 1178 9 the the DT 39142 1178 10 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 1178 11 of of IN 39142 1178 12 stars star NNS 39142 1178 13 whose whose WP$ 39142 1178 14 velocities velocity NNS 39142 1178 15 in in IN 39142 1178 16 space space NN 39142 1178 17 are be VBP 39142 1178 18 not not RB 39142 1178 19 constant constant JJ 39142 1178 20 , , , 39142 1178 21 but but CC 39142 1178 22 variable variable JJ 39142 1178 23 with with IN 39142 1178 24 the the DT 39142 1178 25 spectral spectral JJ 39142 1178 26 type type NN 39142 1178 27 of of IN 39142 1178 28 the the DT 39142 1178 29 star star NN 39142 1178 30 . . . 39142 1179 1 Mr. Mr. NNP 39142 1179 2 Lick Lick NNP 39142 1179 3 's 's POS 39142 1179 4 bequest bequest NN 39142 1179 5 for for IN 39142 1179 6 the the DT 39142 1179 7 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1179 8 was be VBD 39142 1179 9 about about IN 39142 1179 10 $ $ $ 39142 1179 11 700,000 700,000 CD 39142 1179 12 . . . 39142 1180 1 So so RB 39142 1180 2 ably ably RB 39142 1180 3 has have VBZ 39142 1180 4 this this DT 39142 1180 5 scientific scientific JJ 39142 1180 6 trust trust NN 39142 1180 7 been be VBN 39142 1180 8 administered administer VBN 39142 1180 9 that that IN 39142 1180 10 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1180 11 might may MD 39142 1180 12 well well RB 39142 1180 13 have have VB 39142 1180 14 endowed endow VBN 39142 1180 15 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1180 16 with with IN 39142 1180 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1180 18 entire entire JJ 39142 1180 19 estate estate NN 39142 1180 20 , , , 39142 1180 21 exceeding exceed VBG 39142 1180 22 $ $ $ 39142 1180 23 4,000,000 4,000,000 CD 39142 1180 24 . . . 39142 1181 1 Another another DT 39142 1181 2 California California NNP 39142 1181 3 mountain mountain NN 39142 1181 4 that that WDT 39142 1181 5 was be VBD 39142 1181 6 early early RB 39142 1181 7 investigated investigate VBN 39142 1181 8 is be VBZ 39142 1181 9 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1181 10 Whitney Whitney NNP 39142 1181 11 . . . 39142 1182 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1182 2 summit summit NN 39142 1182 3 elevation elevation NN 39142 1182 4 is be VBZ 39142 1182 5 nearly nearly RB 39142 1182 6 15,000 15,000 CD 39142 1182 7 feet foot NNS 39142 1182 8 , , , 39142 1182 9 and and CC 39142 1182 10 in in IN 39142 1182 11 1881 1881 CD 39142 1182 12 Langley Langley NNP 39142 1182 13 made make VBD 39142 1182 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1182 15 ascent ascent NN 39142 1182 16 for for IN 39142 1182 17 the the DT 39142 1182 18 purpose purpose NN 39142 1182 19 of of IN 39142 1182 20 measuring measure VBG 39142 1182 21 the the DT 39142 1182 22 solar solar JJ 39142 1182 23 constant constant NN 39142 1182 24 . . . 39142 1183 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 1183 2 found find VBD 39142 1183 3 conditions condition NNS 39142 1183 4 much much RB 39142 1183 5 more more RBR 39142 1183 6 favorable favorable JJ 39142 1183 7 than than IN 39142 1183 8 on on IN 39142 1183 9 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1183 10 Etna Etna NNP 39142 1183 11 , , , 39142 1183 12 Sicily Sicily NNP 39142 1183 13 -- -- : 39142 1183 14 elevation elevation NN 39142 1183 15 about about IN 39142 1183 16 10,000 10,000 CD 39142 1183 17 feet foot NNS 39142 1183 18 -- -- : 39142 1183 19 which which WDT 39142 1183 20 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1183 21 had have VBD 39142 1183 22 visited visit VBN 39142 1183 23 the the DT 39142 1183 24 year year NN 39142 1183 25 before before RB 39142 1183 26 . . . 39142 1184 1 But but CC 39142 1184 2 the the DT 39142 1184 3 height height NN 39142 1184 4 of of IN 39142 1184 5 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1184 6 Whitney Whitney NNP 39142 1184 7 was be VBD 39142 1184 8 such such JJ 39142 1184 9 as as IN 39142 1184 10 to to TO 39142 1184 11 occasion occasion VB 39142 1184 12 him -PRON- PRP 39142 1184 13 much much JJ 39142 1184 14 inconvenience inconvenience NN 39142 1184 15 from from IN 39142 1184 16 mountain mountain NN 39142 1184 17 sickness sickness NN 39142 1184 18 , , , 39142 1184 19 an an DT 39142 1184 20 ailment ailment NN 39142 1184 21 which which WDT 39142 1184 22 is be VBZ 39142 1184 23 most most RBS 39142 1184 24 distressing distressing JJ 39142 1184 25 and and CC 39142 1184 26 due due JJ 39142 1184 27 partly partly RB 39142 1184 28 to to IN 39142 1184 29 lack lack NN 39142 1184 30 of of IN 39142 1184 31 oxygen oxygen NN 39142 1184 32 and and CC 39142 1184 33 partly partly RB 39142 1184 34 to to IN 39142 1184 35 mere mere JJ 39142 1184 36 diminution diminution NN 39142 1184 37 of of IN 39142 1184 38 mechanical mechanical JJ 39142 1184 39 pressure pressure NN 39142 1184 40 . . . 39142 1185 1 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1185 2 Whitney Whitney NNP 39142 1185 3 was be VBD 39142 1185 4 also also RB 39142 1185 5 visited visit VBN 39142 1185 6 many many JJ 39142 1185 7 years year NNS 39142 1185 8 after after IN 39142 1185 9 by by IN 39142 1185 10 Campbell Campbell NNP 39142 1185 11 for for IN 39142 1185 12 investigating investigate VBG 39142 1185 13 the the DT 39142 1185 14 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1185 15 of of IN 39142 1185 16 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1185 17 in in IN 39142 1185 18 comparison comparison NN 39142 1185 19 with with IN 39142 1185 20 that that DT 39142 1185 21 of of IN 39142 1185 22 the the DT 39142 1185 23 moon moon NN 39142 1185 24 . . . 39142 1186 1 Langley Langley NNP 39142 1186 2 found find VBD 39142 1186 3 on on IN 39142 1186 4 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1186 5 Whitney Whitney NNP 39142 1186 6 an an DT 39142 1186 7 excellent excellent JJ 39142 1186 8 station station NN 39142 1186 9 lower low JJR 39142 1186 10 down down RB 39142 1186 11 , , , 39142 1186 12 at at IN 39142 1186 13 about about RB 39142 1186 14 12,000 12,000 CD 39142 1186 15 feet foot NNS 39142 1186 16 elevation elevation JJ 39142 1186 17 ; ; : 39142 1186 18 and and CC 39142 1186 19 by by IN 39142 1186 20 equipping equip VBG 39142 1186 21 the the DT 39142 1186 22 two two CD 39142 1186 23 stations station NNS 39142 1186 24 with with IN 39142 1186 25 like like JJ 39142 1186 26 apparatus apparatus NN 39142 1186 27 for for IN 39142 1186 28 measuring measure VBG 39142 1186 29 the the DT 39142 1186 30 solar solar JJ 39142 1186 31 heat heat NN 39142 1186 32 , , , 39142 1186 33 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1186 34 obtained obtain VBD 39142 1186 35 very very RB 39142 1186 36 important important JJ 39142 1186 37 data datum NNS 39142 1186 38 on on IN 39142 1186 39 the the DT 39142 1186 40 selective selective JJ 39142 1186 41 absorption absorption NN 39142 1186 42 of of IN 39142 1186 43 the the DT 39142 1186 44 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1186 45 . . . 39142 1187 1 Returning return VBG 39142 1187 2 from from IN 39142 1187 3 the the DT 39142 1187 4 transit transit NN 39142 1187 5 of of IN 39142 1187 6 Venus Venus NNP 39142 1187 7 in in IN 39142 1187 8 1882 1882 CD 39142 1187 9 , , , 39142 1187 10 Copeland Copeland NNP 39142 1187 11 of of IN 39142 1187 12 Edinburgh Edinburgh NNP 39142 1187 13 visited visit VBD 39142 1187 14 several several JJ 39142 1187 15 sites site NNS 39142 1187 16 in in IN 39142 1187 17 the the DT 39142 1187 18 Andes Andes NNP 39142 1187 19 of of IN 39142 1187 20 Peru Peru NNP 39142 1187 21 , , , 39142 1187 22 ascending ascend VBG 39142 1187 23 on on IN 39142 1187 24 the the DT 39142 1187 25 railway railway NN 39142 1187 26 from from IN 39142 1187 27 Mollendo Mollendo NNP 39142 1187 28 . . . 39142 1188 1 Vincocaya Vincocaya NNP 39142 1188 2 was be VBD 39142 1188 3 one one CD 39142 1188 4 of of IN 39142 1188 5 the the DT 39142 1188 6 highest high JJS 39142 1188 7 , , , 39142 1188 8 something something NN 39142 1188 9 over over IN 39142 1188 10 14,000 14,000 CD 39142 1188 11 feet foot NNS 39142 1188 12 elevation elevation NN 39142 1188 13 . . . 39142 1189 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1189 2 report report NN 39142 1189 3 was be VBD 39142 1189 4 most most RBS 39142 1189 5 enthusiastic enthusiastic JJ 39142 1189 6 , , , 39142 1189 7 not not RB 39142 1189 8 only only RB 39142 1189 9 as as IN 39142 1189 10 to to TO 39142 1189 11 clearness clearness NN 39142 1189 12 and and CC 39142 1189 13 transparency transparency NN 39142 1189 14 of of IN 39142 1189 15 the the DT 39142 1189 16 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1189 17 , , , 39142 1189 18 but but CC 39142 1189 19 also also RB 39142 1189 20 as as IN 39142 1189 21 to to IN 39142 1189 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1189 23 steadiness steadiness NN 39142 1189 24 , , , 39142 1189 25 which which WDT 39142 1189 26 for for IN 39142 1189 27 planetary planetary NN 39142 1189 28 and and CC 39142 1189 29 double double JJ 39142 1189 30 star star NN 39142 1189 31 observations observation NNS 39142 1189 32 is be VBZ 39142 1189 33 almost almost RB 39142 1189 34 as as RB 39142 1189 35 important important JJ 39142 1189 36 . . . 39142 1190 1 Copeland Copeland NNP 39142 1190 2 's 's POS 39142 1190 3 investigation investigation NN 39142 1190 4 of of IN 39142 1190 5 this this DT 39142 1190 6 region region NN 39142 1190 7 of of IN 39142 1190 8 the the DT 39142 1190 9 Andes Andes NNP 39142 1190 10 has have VBZ 39142 1190 11 led lead VBN 39142 1190 12 many many JJ 39142 1190 13 other other JJ 39142 1190 14 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1190 15 to to TO 39142 1190 16 make make VB 39142 1190 17 critical critical JJ 39142 1190 18 tests test NNS 39142 1190 19 in in IN 39142 1190 20 the the DT 39142 1190 21 same same JJ 39142 1190 22 general general JJ 39142 1190 23 region region NN 39142 1190 24 . . . 39142 1191 1 Climatic climatic JJ 39142 1191 2 conditions condition NNS 39142 1191 3 are be VBP 39142 1191 4 particularly particularly RB 39142 1191 5 favorable favorable JJ 39142 1191 6 , , , 39142 1191 7 and and CC 39142 1191 8 the the DT 39142 1191 9 sites site NNS 39142 1191 10 for for IN 39142 1191 11 high high JJ 39142 1191 12 - - HYPH 39142 1191 13 level level NN 39142 1191 14 research research NN 39142 1191 15 are be VBP 39142 1191 16 among among IN 39142 1191 17 the the DT 39142 1191 18 best well RBS 39142 1191 19 known know VBN 39142 1191 20 , , , 39142 1191 21 the the DT 39142 1191 22 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1191 23 being be VBG 39142 1191 24 not not RB 39142 1191 25 only only RB 39142 1191 26 clear clear JJ 39142 1191 27 a a DT 39142 1191 28 large large JJ 39142 1191 29 part part NN 39142 1191 30 of of IN 39142 1191 31 the the DT 39142 1191 32 year year NN 39142 1191 33 , , , 39142 1191 34 but but CC 39142 1191 35 in in IN 39142 1191 36 certain certain JJ 39142 1191 37 favored favored JJ 39142 1191 38 spots spot NNS 39142 1191 39 exceedingly exceedingly RB 39142 1191 40 steady steady JJ 39142 1191 41 . . . 39142 1192 1 In in IN 39142 1192 2 1887 1887 CD 39142 1192 3 the the DT 39142 1192 4 writer writer NN 39142 1192 5 ascended ascend VBD 39142 1192 6 the the DT 39142 1192 7 summit summit NN 39142 1192 8 of of IN 39142 1192 9 Fujiyama Fujiyama NNP 39142 1192 10 , , , 39142 1192 11 Japan Japan NNP 39142 1192 12 , , , 39142 1192 13 12,400 12,400 CD 39142 1192 14 feet foot NNS 39142 1192 15 elevation elevation VBP 39142 1192 16 . . . 39142 1193 1 The the DT 39142 1193 2 early early JJ 39142 1193 3 September September NNP 39142 1193 4 conditions condition NNS 39142 1193 5 as as IN 39142 1193 6 to to IN 39142 1193 7 steadiness steadiness NN 39142 1193 8 of of IN 39142 1193 9 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1193 10 were be VBD 39142 1193 11 extraordinarily extraordinarily RB 39142 1193 12 fine fine JJ 39142 1193 13 , , , 39142 1193 14 but but CC 39142 1193 15 the the DT 39142 1193 16 mountain mountain NN 39142 1193 17 is be VBZ 39142 1193 18 covered cover VBN 39142 1193 19 by by IN 39142 1193 20 cloud cloud NN 39142 1193 21 many many JJ 39142 1193 22 months month NNS 39142 1193 23 in in IN 39142 1193 24 each each DT 39142 1193 25 year year NN 39142 1193 26 . . . 39142 1194 1 There there EX 39142 1194 2 is be VBZ 39142 1194 3 a a DT 39142 1194 4 saddle saddle NN 39142 1194 5 on on IN 39142 1194 6 the the DT 39142 1194 7 inside inside NN 39142 1194 8 of of IN 39142 1194 9 the the DT 39142 1194 10 crater crater NN 39142 1194 11 that that WDT 39142 1194 12 would would MD 39142 1194 13 form form VB 39142 1194 14 an an DT 39142 1194 15 ideal ideal JJ 39142 1194 16 location location NN 39142 1194 17 for for IN 39142 1194 18 a a DT 39142 1194 19 high high JJ 39142 1194 20 - - HYPH 39142 1194 21 level level NN 39142 1194 22 observatory observatory NN 39142 1194 23 . . . 39142 1195 1 This this DT 39142 1195 2 expedition expedition NN 39142 1195 3 was be VBD 39142 1195 4 undertaken undertake VBN 39142 1195 5 at at IN 39142 1195 6 the the DT 39142 1195 7 request request NN 39142 1195 8 of of IN 39142 1195 9 the the DT 39142 1195 10 late late JJ 39142 1195 11 Professor Professor NNP 39142 1195 12 Pickering Pickering NNP 39142 1195 13 , , , 39142 1195 14 director director NN 39142 1195 15 of of IN 39142 1195 16 Harvard Harvard NNP 39142 1195 17 College College NNP 39142 1195 18 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1195 19 , , , 39142 1195 20 which which WDT 39142 1195 21 had have VBD 39142 1195 22 recently recently RB 39142 1195 23 received receive VBN 39142 1195 24 a a DT 39142 1195 25 bequest bequest NN 39142 1195 26 from from IN 39142 1195 27 Uriah Uriah NNP 39142 1195 28 A. A. NNP 39142 1195 29 Boyden Boyden NNP 39142 1195 30 , , , 39142 1195 31 amounting amount VBG 39142 1195 32 to to IN 39142 1195 33 nearly nearly RB 39142 1195 34 a a DT 39142 1195 35 quarter quarter NN 39142 1195 36 of of IN 39142 1195 37 a a DT 39142 1195 38 million million CD 39142 1195 39 dollars dollar NNS 39142 1195 40 , , , 39142 1195 41 to to TO 39142 1195 42 " " `` 39142 1195 43 establish establish VB 39142 1195 44 and and CC 39142 1195 45 maintain maintain VB 39142 1195 46 , , , 39142 1195 47 in in IN 39142 1195 48 conjunction conjunction NN 39142 1195 49 with with IN 39142 1195 50 others other NNS 39142 1195 51 , , , 39142 1195 52 an an DT 39142 1195 53 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 1195 54 observatory observatory NN 39142 1195 55 on on IN 39142 1195 56 some some DT 39142 1195 57 mountain mountain NN 39142 1195 58 peak peak NN 39142 1195 59 . . . 39142 1195 60 " " '' 39142 1196 1 Great great JJ 39142 1196 2 elevations elevation NNS 39142 1196 3 were be VBD 39142 1196 4 systematically systematically RB 39142 1196 5 investigated investigate VBN 39142 1196 6 in in IN 39142 1196 7 Colorado Colorado NNP 39142 1196 8 and and CC 39142 1196 9 California California NNP 39142 1196 10 , , , 39142 1196 11 the the DT 39142 1196 12 Chilean chilean JJ 39142 1196 13 desert desert NN 39142 1196 14 of of IN 39142 1196 15 Atacama Atacama NNP 39142 1196 16 was be VBD 39142 1196 17 visited visit VBN 39142 1196 18 , , , 39142 1196 19 and and CC 39142 1196 20 a a DT 39142 1196 21 temporary temporary JJ 39142 1196 22 station station NN 39142 1196 23 established establish VBN 39142 1196 24 at at IN 39142 1196 25 Chosica Chosica NNP 39142 1196 26 , , , 39142 1196 27 Peru Peru NNP 39142 1196 28 , , , 39142 1196 29 elevation elevation VBP 39142 1196 30 about about RB 39142 1196 31 5,000 5,000 CD 39142 1196 32 feet foot NNS 39142 1196 33 . . . 39142 1197 1 Atmospheric atmospheric JJ 39142 1197 2 conditions condition NNS 39142 1197 3 becoming become VBG 39142 1197 4 unfavorable unfavorable JJ 39142 1197 5 , , , 39142 1197 6 a a DT 39142 1197 7 permanent permanent JJ 39142 1197 8 station station NN 39142 1197 9 was be VBD 39142 1197 10 established establish VBN 39142 1197 11 in in IN 39142 1197 12 1891 1891 CD 39142 1197 13 at at IN 39142 1197 14 Arequipa Arequipa NNP 39142 1197 15 , , , 39142 1197 16 Peru Peru NNP 39142 1197 17 , , , 39142 1197 18 elevation elevation VBP 39142 1197 19 8,000 8,000 CD 39142 1197 20 feet foot NNS 39142 1197 21 , , , 39142 1197 22 which which WDT 39142 1197 23 has have VBZ 39142 1197 24 been be VBN 39142 1197 25 maintained maintain VBN 39142 1197 26 as as IN 39142 1197 27 an an DT 39142 1197 28 annex annex NN 39142 1197 29 to to IN 39142 1197 30 the the DT 39142 1197 31 Harvard Harvard NNP 39142 1197 32 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1197 33 ever ever RB 39142 1197 34 since since RB 39142 1197 35 . . . 39142 1198 1 The the DT 39142 1198 2 cloud cloud NN 39142 1198 3 conditions condition NNS 39142 1198 4 have have VBP 39142 1198 5 been be VBN 39142 1198 6 on on IN 39142 1198 7 the the DT 39142 1198 8 whole whole JJ 39142 1198 9 less less RBR 39142 1198 10 favorable favorable JJ 39142 1198 11 than than IN 39142 1198 12 was be VBD 39142 1198 13 expected expect VBN 39142 1198 14 , , , 39142 1198 15 but but CC 39142 1198 16 the the DT 39142 1198 17 steadiness steadiness NN 39142 1198 18 of of IN 39142 1198 19 the the DT 39142 1198 20 air air NN 39142 1198 21 has have VBZ 39142 1198 22 been be VBN 39142 1198 23 very very RB 39142 1198 24 satisfactory satisfactory JJ 39142 1198 25 . . . 39142 1199 1 In in IN 39142 1199 2 addition addition NN 39142 1199 3 to to IN 39142 1199 4 planetary planetary JJ 39142 1199 5 researches research NNS 39142 1199 6 conducted conduct VBN 39142 1199 7 there there RB 39142 1199 8 in in IN 39142 1199 9 the the DT 39142 1199 10 earlier early JJR 39142 1199 11 years year NNS 39142 1199 12 by by IN 39142 1199 13 W. W. NNP 39142 1199 14 H. H. NNP 39142 1199 15 Pickering Pickering NNP 39142 1199 16 , , , 39142 1199 17 many many JJ 39142 1199 18 large large JJ 39142 1199 19 programs program NNS 39142 1199 20 of of IN 39142 1199 21 stellar stellar JJ 39142 1199 22 research research NN 39142 1199 23 have have VBP 39142 1199 24 been be VBN 39142 1199 25 executed execute VBN 39142 1199 26 , , , 39142 1199 27 especially especially RB 39142 1199 28 relating relate VBG 39142 1199 29 to to IN 39142 1199 30 the the DT 39142 1199 31 magnitudes magnitudes NNPS 39142 1199 32 and and CC 39142 1199 33 spectra spectra NNP 39142 1199 34 of of IN 39142 1199 35 the the DT 39142 1199 36 stars star NNS 39142 1199 37 . . . 39142 1200 1 In in IN 39142 1200 2 conjunction conjunction NN 39142 1200 3 with with IN 39142 1200 4 the the DT 39142 1200 5 home home NN 39142 1200 6 observatory observatory NN 39142 1200 7 in in IN 39142 1200 8 the the DT 39142 1200 9 northern northern JJ 39142 1200 10 hemisphere hemisphere NN 39142 1200 11 , , , 39142 1200 12 this this DT 39142 1200 13 afforded afford VBD 39142 1200 14 a a DT 39142 1200 15 vast vast JJ 39142 1200 16 advantage advantage NN 39142 1200 17 in in IN 39142 1200 18 embracing embrace VBG 39142 1200 19 all all PDT 39142 1200 20 the the DT 39142 1200 21 stars star NNS 39142 1200 22 of of IN 39142 1200 23 the the DT 39142 1200 24 entire entire JJ 39142 1200 25 heavens heaven NNS 39142 1200 26 , , , 39142 1200 27 on on IN 39142 1200 28 a a DT 39142 1200 29 scale scale NN 39142 1200 30 not not RB 39142 1200 31 attempted attempt VBN 39142 1200 32 elsewhere elsewhere RB 39142 1200 33 . . . 39142 1201 1 The the DT 39142 1201 2 Bruce Bruce NNP 39142 1201 3 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1201 4 telescope telescope NN 39142 1201 5 of of IN 39142 1201 6 24-inch 24-inch CD 39142 1201 7 aperture aperture NN 39142 1201 8 has have VBZ 39142 1201 9 been be VBN 39142 1201 10 employed employ VBN 39142 1201 11 for for IN 39142 1201 12 many many JJ 39142 1201 13 years year NNS 39142 1201 14 at at IN 39142 1201 15 Arequipa Arequipa NNP 39142 1201 16 , , , 39142 1201 17 and and CC 39142 1201 18 with with IN 39142 1201 19 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1201 20 the the DT 39142 1201 21 plates plate NNS 39142 1201 22 were be VBD 39142 1201 23 taken take VBN 39142 1201 24 which which WDT 39142 1201 25 enabled enable VBD 39142 1201 26 Pickering Pickering NNP 39142 1201 27 to to TO 39142 1201 28 discover discover VB 39142 1201 29 the the DT 39142 1201 30 ninth ninth JJ 39142 1201 31 satellite satellite NN 39142 1201 32 of of IN 39142 1201 33 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 1201 34 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1201 35 Phoebe Phoebe NNP 39142 1201 36 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1201 37 , , , 39142 1201 38 and and CC 39142 1201 39 the the DT 39142 1201 40 splendid splendid JJ 39142 1201 41 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1201 42 of of IN 39142 1201 43 southern southern JJ 39142 1201 44 globular globular JJ 39142 1201 45 clusters cluster NNS 39142 1201 46 in in IN 39142 1201 47 which which WDT 39142 1201 48 Bailey Bailey NNP 39142 1201 49 has have VBZ 39142 1201 50 found find VBN 39142 1201 51 numerous numerous JJ 39142 1201 52 variable variable JJ 39142 1201 53 stars star NNS 39142 1201 54 of of IN 39142 1201 55 very very RB 39142 1201 56 short short JJ 39142 1201 57 periods period NNS 39142 1201 58 -- -- : 39142 1201 59 very very RB 39142 1201 60 faint faint JJ 39142 1201 61 objects object NNS 39142 1201 62 , , , 39142 1201 63 but but CC 39142 1201 64 none none NN 39142 1201 65 the the DT 39142 1201 66 less less RBR 39142 1201 67 interesting interesting JJ 39142 1201 68 , , , 39142 1201 69 and and CC 39142 1201 70 of of IN 39142 1201 71 much much JJ 39142 1201 72 significance significance NN 39142 1201 73 in in IN 39142 1201 74 modern modern JJ 39142 1201 75 study study NN 39142 1201 76 of of IN 39142 1201 77 the the DT 39142 1201 78 evolution evolution NN 39142 1201 79 and and CC 39142 1201 80 structure structure NN 39142 1201 81 of of IN 39142 1201 82 the the DT 39142 1201 83 stellar stellar JJ 39142 1201 84 universe universe NN 39142 1201 85 . . . 39142 1202 1 The the DT 39142 1202 2 crowning crowning JJ 39142 1202 3 research research NN 39142 1202 4 of of IN 39142 1202 5 the the DT 39142 1202 6 observatory observatory NN 39142 1202 7 is be VBZ 39142 1202 8 the the DT 39142 1202 9 Henry Henry NNP 39142 1202 10 Draper Draper NNP 39142 1202 11 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 1202 12 of of IN 39142 1202 13 stellar stellar JJ 39142 1202 14 spectra spectra NNP 39142 1202 15 , , , 39142 1202 16 now now RB 39142 1202 17 in in IN 39142 1202 18 process process NN 39142 1202 19 of of IN 39142 1202 20 publication publication NN 39142 1202 21 , , , 39142 1202 22 which which WDT 39142 1202 23 is be VBZ 39142 1202 24 of of IN 39142 1202 25 the the DT 39142 1202 26 first first JJ 39142 1202 27 order order NN 39142 1202 28 of of IN 39142 1202 29 importance importance NN 39142 1202 30 in in IN 39142 1202 31 statistical statistical JJ 39142 1202 32 studies study NNS 39142 1202 33 of of IN 39142 1202 34 stellar stellar JJ 39142 1202 35 distribution distribution NN 39142 1202 36 with with IN 39142 1202 37 reference reference NN 39142 1202 38 to to IN 39142 1202 39 spectral spectral JJ 39142 1202 40 type type NN 39142 1202 41 , , , 39142 1202 42 and and CC 39142 1202 43 in in IN 39142 1202 44 studying study VBG 39142 1202 45 the the DT 39142 1202 46 relation relation NN 39142 1202 47 of of IN 39142 1202 48 parallax parallax NN 39142 1202 49 and and CC 39142 1202 50 distance distance NN 39142 1202 51 , , , 39142 1202 52 proper proper JJ 39142 1202 53 motion motion NN 39142 1202 54 , , , 39142 1202 55 radial radial JJ 39142 1202 56 velocity velocity NN 39142 1202 57 and and CC 39142 1202 58 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1202 59 variation variation NN 39142 1202 60 to to IN 39142 1202 61 the the DT 39142 1202 62 spectral spectral JJ 39142 1202 63 characteristics characteristic NNS 39142 1202 64 of of IN 39142 1202 65 the the DT 39142 1202 66 stars star NNS 39142 1202 67 . . . 39142 1203 1 Perrine Perrine NNP 39142 1203 2 of of IN 39142 1203 3 Cordova Cordova NNP 39142 1203 4 is be VBZ 39142 1203 5 now now RB 39142 1203 6 establishing establish VBG 39142 1203 7 on on IN 39142 1203 8 Sierra Sierra NNP 39142 1203 9 Chica Chica NNP 39142 1203 10 about about IN 39142 1203 11 twenty twenty CD 39142 1203 12 - - HYPH 39142 1203 13 five five CD 39142 1203 14 miles mile NNS 39142 1203 15 southwest southwest RB 39142 1203 16 of of IN 39142 1203 17 Cordova Cordova NNP 39142 1203 18 , , , 39142 1203 19 a a DT 39142 1203 20 great great JJ 39142 1203 21 reflecting reflect VBG 39142 1203 22 telescope telescope NN 39142 1203 23 comparable comparable JJ 39142 1203 24 in in IN 39142 1203 25 size size NN 39142 1203 26 with with IN 39142 1203 27 the the DT 39142 1203 28 instruments instrument NNS 39142 1203 29 of of IN 39142 1203 30 the the DT 39142 1203 31 northern northern JJ 39142 1203 32 hemisphere hemisphere NN 39142 1203 33 , , , 39142 1203 34 for for IN 39142 1203 35 investigation investigation NN 39142 1203 36 of of IN 39142 1203 37 the the DT 39142 1203 38 southern southern JJ 39142 1203 39 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 1203 40 and and CC 39142 1203 41 clusters cluster NNS 39142 1203 42 , , , 39142 1203 43 and and CC 39142 1203 44 motions motion NNS 39142 1203 45 of of IN 39142 1203 46 the the DT 39142 1203 47 stars star NNS 39142 1203 48 . . . 39142 1204 1 The the DT 39142 1204 2 elevation elevation NN 39142 1204 3 of of IN 39142 1204 4 this this DT 39142 1204 5 new new JJ 39142 1204 6 Argentine Argentine NNP 39142 1204 7 observatory observatory NN 39142 1204 8 will will MD 39142 1204 9 be be VB 39142 1204 10 4,000 4,000 CD 39142 1204 11 feet foot NNS 39142 1204 12 above above IN 39142 1204 13 sea sea NN 39142 1204 14 level level NN 39142 1204 15 . . . 39142 1205 1 Another another DT 39142 1205 2 observatory observatory NN 39142 1205 3 at at IN 39142 1205 4 mountain mountain NN 39142 1205 5 elevation elevation NN 39142 1205 6 and and CC 39142 1205 7 in in IN 39142 1205 8 a a DT 39142 1205 9 highly highly RB 39142 1205 10 favorable favorable JJ 39142 1205 11 climate climate NN 39142 1205 12 is be VBZ 39142 1205 13 the the DT 39142 1205 14 Lowell Lowell NNP 39142 1205 15 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1205 16 , , , 39142 1205 17 located locate VBN 39142 1205 18 at at IN 39142 1205 19 about about IN 39142 1205 20 7,000 7,000 CD 39142 1205 21 feet foot NNS 39142 1205 22 elevation elevation NN 39142 1205 23 at at IN 39142 1205 24 Flagstaff Flagstaff NNP 39142 1205 25 , , , 39142 1205 26 Arizona Arizona NNP 39142 1205 27 . . . 39142 1206 1 Many many JJ 39142 1206 2 localities locality NNS 39142 1206 3 were be VBD 39142 1206 4 visited visit VBN 39142 1206 5 and and CC 39142 1206 6 the the DT 39142 1206 7 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1206 8 tested test VBN 39142 1206 9 especially especially RB 39142 1206 10 for for IN 39142 1206 11 steadiness steadiness NN 39142 1206 12 , , , 39142 1206 13 an an DT 39142 1206 14 optical optical JJ 39142 1206 15 quality quality NN 39142 1206 16 very very RB 39142 1206 17 essential essential JJ 39142 1206 18 for for IN 39142 1206 19 research research NN 39142 1206 20 on on IN 39142 1206 21 the the DT 39142 1206 22 planetary planetary NN 39142 1206 23 surfaces surface NNS 39142 1206 24 . . . 39142 1207 1 Mexico Mexico NNP 39142 1207 2 was be VBD 39142 1207 3 one one CD 39142 1207 4 of of IN 39142 1207 5 these these DT 39142 1207 6 stations station NNS 39142 1207 7 , , , 39142 1207 8 but but CC 39142 1207 9 local local JJ 39142 1207 10 air air NN 39142 1207 11 currents current NNS 39142 1207 12 and and CC 39142 1207 13 changes change NNS 39142 1207 14 of of IN 39142 1207 15 temperature temperature NN 39142 1207 16 there there EX 39142 1207 17 were be VBD 39142 1207 18 such such JJ 39142 1207 19 that that IN 39142 1207 20 good good JJ 39142 1207 21 seeing seeing NN 39142 1207 22 was be VBD 39142 1207 23 far far RB 39142 1207 24 from from IN 39142 1207 25 prevalent prevalent JJ 39142 1207 26 , , , 39142 1207 27 as as IN 39142 1207 28 had have VBD 39142 1207 29 been be VBN 39142 1207 30 expected expect VBN 39142 1207 31 . . . 39142 1208 1 At at IN 39142 1208 2 Flagstaff Flagstaff NNP 39142 1208 3 , , , 39142 1208 4 on on IN 39142 1208 5 the the DT 39142 1208 6 other other JJ 39142 1208 7 hand hand NN 39142 1208 8 , , , 39142 1208 9 conditions condition NNS 39142 1208 10 have have VBP 39142 1208 11 been be VBN 39142 1208 12 pretty pretty RB 39142 1208 13 uniformly uniformly RB 39142 1208 14 good good JJ 39142 1208 15 , , , 39142 1208 16 and and CC 39142 1208 17 an an DT 39142 1208 18 enormous enormous JJ 39142 1208 19 amount amount NN 39142 1208 20 of of IN 39142 1208 21 work work NN 39142 1208 22 on on IN 39142 1208 23 the the DT 39142 1208 24 planet planet NN 39142 1208 25 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1208 26 has have VBZ 39142 1208 27 been be VBN 39142 1208 28 accumulated accumulate VBN 39142 1208 29 and and CC 39142 1208 30 published publish VBN 39142 1208 31 . . . 39142 1209 1 The the DT 39142 1209 2 first first JJ 39142 1209 3 successful successful JJ 39142 1209 4 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1209 5 of of IN 39142 1209 6 this this DT 39142 1209 7 planet planet NN 39142 1209 8 were be VBD 39142 1209 9 taken take VBN 39142 1209 10 there there RB 39142 1209 11 in in IN 39142 1209 12 1905 1905 CD 39142 1209 13 , , , 39142 1209 14 and and CC 39142 1209 15 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 1209 16 , , , 39142 1209 17 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 1209 18 , , , 39142 1209 19 the the DT 39142 1209 20 zodiacal zodiacal JJ 39142 1209 21 light light NN 39142 1209 22 and and CC 39142 1209 23 many many JJ 39142 1209 24 other other JJ 39142 1209 25 test test NN 39142 1209 26 objects object NNS 39142 1209 27 have have VBP 39142 1209 28 been be VBN 39142 1209 29 photographed photograph VBN 39142 1209 30 , , , 39142 1209 31 which which WDT 39142 1209 32 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ 39142 1209 33 the the DT 39142 1209 34 excellence excellence NN 39142 1209 35 of of IN 39142 1209 36 the the DT 39142 1209 37 site site NN 39142 1209 38 for for IN 39142 1209 39 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 1209 40 research research NN 39142 1209 41 . . . 39142 1210 1 Within within IN 39142 1210 2 recent recent JJ 39142 1210 3 years year NNS 39142 1210 4 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1210 5 research research NN 39142 1210 6 by by IN 39142 1210 7 Slipher Slipher NNP 39142 1210 8 , , , 39142 1210 9 especially especially RB 39142 1210 10 on on IN 39142 1210 11 the the DT 39142 1210 12 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 1210 13 , , , 39142 1210 14 has have VBZ 39142 1210 15 been be VBN 39142 1210 16 added add VBN 39142 1210 17 to to IN 39142 1210 18 the the DT 39142 1210 19 program program NN 39142 1210 20 , , , 39142 1210 21 and and CC 39142 1210 22 the the DT 39142 1210 23 rotation rotation NN 39142 1210 24 and and CC 39142 1210 25 radial radial JJ 39142 1210 26 velocities velocity NNS 39142 1210 27 of of IN 39142 1210 28 many many JJ 39142 1210 29 nebulæ nebulæ NNS 39142 1210 30 have have VBP 39142 1210 31 been be VBN 39142 1210 32 determined determine VBN 39142 1210 33 . . . 39142 1211 1 On on IN 39142 1211 2 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1211 3 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 1211 4 , , , 39142 1211 5 near near IN 39142 1211 6 Pasadena Pasadena NNP 39142 1211 7 , , , 39142 1211 8 California California NNP 39142 1211 9 , , , 39142 1211 10 at at IN 39142 1211 11 an an DT 39142 1211 12 elevation elevation NN 39142 1211 13 of of IN 39142 1211 14 nearly nearly RB 39142 1211 15 6,000 6,000 CD 39142 1211 16 feet foot NNS 39142 1211 17 , , , 39142 1211 18 is be VBZ 39142 1211 19 the the DT 39142 1211 20 Carnegie Carnegie NNP 39142 1211 21 Solar Solar NNP 39142 1211 22 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1211 23 , , , 39142 1211 24 founded found VBD 39142 1211 25 and and CC 39142 1211 26 equipped equip VBN 39142 1211 27 under under IN 39142 1211 28 the the DT 39142 1211 29 direction direction NN 39142 1211 30 of of IN 39142 1211 31 Professor Professor NNP 39142 1211 32 George George NNP 39142 1211 33 E. E. NNP 39142 1211 34 Hale Hale NNP 39142 1211 35 , , , 39142 1211 36 as as IN 39142 1211 37 a a DT 39142 1211 38 department department NN 39142 1211 39 of of IN 39142 1211 40 the the DT 39142 1211 41 Carnegie Carnegie NNP 39142 1211 42 Institution Institution NNP 39142 1211 43 of of IN 39142 1211 44 Washington Washington NNP 39142 1211 45 , , , 39142 1211 46 of of IN 39142 1211 47 which which WDT 39142 1211 48 Dr. Dr. NNP 39142 1211 49 John John NNP 39142 1211 50 Campbell Campbell NNP 39142 1211 51 Merriam Merriam NNP 39142 1211 52 is be VBZ 39142 1211 53 President President NNP 39142 1211 54 . . . 39142 1212 1 The the DT 39142 1212 2 climatology climatology NN 39142 1212 3 of of IN 39142 1212 4 the the DT 39142 1212 5 region region NN 39142 1212 6 was be VBD 39142 1212 7 carefully carefully RB 39142 1212 8 investigated investigate VBN 39142 1212 9 and and CC 39142 1212 10 tests test NNS 39142 1212 11 of of IN 39142 1212 12 the the DT 39142 1212 13 seeing seeing NN 39142 1212 14 made make VBN 39142 1212 15 by by IN 39142 1212 16 Hussey Hussey NNP 39142 1212 17 and and CC 39142 1212 18 others other NNS 39142 1212 19 . . . 39142 1213 1 Although although IN 39142 1213 2 equipped equip VBN 39142 1213 3 primarily primarily RB 39142 1213 4 for for IN 39142 1213 5 study study NN 39142 1213 6 of of IN 39142 1213 7 the the DT 39142 1213 8 sun sun NN 39142 1213 9 , , , 39142 1213 10 the the DT 39142 1213 11 program program NN 39142 1213 12 of of IN 39142 1213 13 the the DT 39142 1213 14 observatory observatory NN 39142 1213 15 has have VBZ 39142 1213 16 been be VBN 39142 1213 17 widely widely RB 39142 1213 18 amplified amplify VBN 39142 1213 19 to to TO 39142 1213 20 include include VB 39142 1213 21 the the DT 39142 1213 22 stars star NNS 39142 1213 23 and and CC 39142 1213 24 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 1213 25 . . . 39142 1214 1 The the DT 39142 1214 2 instrumental instrumental JJ 39142 1214 3 equipment equipment NN 39142 1214 4 is be VBZ 39142 1214 5 unique unique JJ 39142 1214 6 in in IN 39142 1214 7 many many JJ 39142 1214 8 respects respect NNS 39142 1214 9 . . . 39142 1215 1 To to TO 39142 1215 2 avoid avoid VB 39142 1215 3 the the DT 39142 1215 4 harmful harmful JJ 39142 1215 5 effect effect NN 39142 1215 6 of of IN 39142 1215 7 unsteadiness unsteadiness NN 39142 1215 8 of of IN 39142 1215 9 air air NN 39142 1215 10 strata strata NN 39142 1215 11 close close RB 39142 1215 12 to to IN 39142 1215 13 the the DT 39142 1215 14 ground ground NN 39142 1215 15 a a DT 39142 1215 16 tower tower NN 39142 1215 17 150 150 CD 39142 1215 18 feet foot NNS 39142 1215 19 high high JJ 39142 1215 20 was be VBD 39142 1215 21 erected erect VBN 39142 1215 22 , , , 39142 1215 23 with with IN 39142 1215 24 a a DT 39142 1215 25 dome dome NN 39142 1215 26 surmounting surmount VBG 39142 1215 27 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1215 28 and and CC 39142 1215 29 covering cover VBG 39142 1215 30 a a DT 39142 1215 31 coelostat coelostat NN 39142 1215 32 with with IN 39142 1215 33 mirror mirror NN 39142 1215 34 for for IN 39142 1215 35 reflecting reflect VBG 39142 1215 36 the the DT 39142 1215 37 sun sun NN 39142 1215 38 's 's POS 39142 1215 39 rays ray NNS 39142 1215 40 vertically vertically RB 39142 1215 41 downward downward RB 39142 1215 42 . . . 39142 1216 1 Underneath underneath IN 39142 1216 2 the the DT 39142 1216 3 tower tower NN 39142 1216 4 a a DT 39142 1216 5 dry dry JJ 39142 1216 6 well well NN 39142 1216 7 was be VBD 39142 1216 8 excavated excavate VBN 39142 1216 9 to to IN 39142 1216 10 a a DT 39142 1216 11 depth depth NN 39142 1216 12 equal equal JJ 39142 1216 13 to to IN 39142 1216 14 1/2 1/2 CD 39142 1216 15 the the DT 39142 1216 16 height height NN 39142 1216 17 of of IN 39142 1216 18 the the DT 39142 1216 19 tower tower NN 39142 1216 20 above above IN 39142 1216 21 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1216 22 . . . 39142 1217 1 In in IN 39142 1217 2 the the DT 39142 1217 3 subterranean subterranean JJ 39142 1217 4 chamber chamber NN 39142 1217 5 is be VBZ 39142 1217 6 the the DT 39142 1217 7 spectroheliograph spectroheliograph NN 39142 1217 8 of of IN 39142 1217 9 exceptional exceptional JJ 39142 1217 10 size size NN 39142 1217 11 and and CC 39142 1217 12 power power NN 39142 1217 13 . . . 39142 1218 1 The the DT 39142 1218 2 sun sun NN 39142 1218 3 's 's POS 39142 1218 4 original original JJ 39142 1218 5 image image NN 39142 1218 6 is be VBZ 39142 1218 7 nearly nearly RB 39142 1218 8 17 17 CD 39142 1218 9 inches inch NNS 39142 1218 10 in in IN 39142 1218 11 diameter diameter NN 39142 1218 12 on on IN 39142 1218 13 the the DT 39142 1218 14 plate plate NN 39142 1218 15 , , , 39142 1218 16 and and CC 39142 1218 17 the the DT 39142 1218 18 solar solar JJ 39142 1218 19 chromosphere chromosphere NN 39142 1218 20 and and CC 39142 1218 21 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1218 22 , , , 39142 1218 23 together together RB 39142 1218 24 with with IN 39142 1218 25 the the DT 39142 1218 26 photosphere photosphere NN 39142 1218 27 and and CC 39142 1218 28 faculæ faculæ NN 39142 1218 29 , , , 39142 1218 30 are be VBP 39142 1218 31 all all DT 39142 1218 32 recorded record VBN 39142 1218 33 by by IN 39142 1218 34 monochromatic monochromatic JJ 39142 1218 35 light light NN 39142 1218 36 . . . 39142 1219 1 Connected connect VBN 39142 1219 2 with with IN 39142 1219 3 the the DT 39142 1219 4 observatory observatory NN 39142 1219 5 on on IN 39142 1219 6 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1219 7 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 1219 8 are be VBP 39142 1219 9 the the DT 39142 1219 10 laboratories laboratory NNS 39142 1219 11 , , , 39142 1219 12 offices office NNS 39142 1219 13 and and CC 39142 1219 14 instrument instrument NN 39142 1219 15 shops shop NNS 39142 1219 16 in in IN 39142 1219 17 Pasadena Pasadena NNP 39142 1219 18 , , , 39142 1219 19 16 16 CD 39142 1219 20 miles mile NNS 39142 1219 21 distant distant JJ 39142 1219 22 , , , 39142 1219 23 where where WRB 39142 1219 24 the the DT 39142 1219 25 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 1219 26 apparatus apparatus NN 39142 1219 27 for for IN 39142 1219 28 use use NN 39142 1219 29 on on IN 39142 1219 30 the the DT 39142 1219 31 mountain mountain NN 39142 1219 32 is be VBZ 39142 1219 33 constructed construct VBN 39142 1219 34 . . . 39142 1220 1 A a DT 39142 1220 2 reflecting reflect VBG 39142 1220 3 telescope telescope NN 39142 1220 4 with with IN 39142 1220 5 silver silver NN 39142 1220 6 - - HYPH 39142 1220 7 on on IN 39142 1220 8 - - HYPH 39142 1220 9 glass glass NN 39142 1220 10 mirror mirror NN 39142 1220 11 60 60 CD 39142 1220 12 inches inch NNS 39142 1220 13 in in IN 39142 1220 14 diameter diameter NN 39142 1220 15 was be VBD 39142 1220 16 first first RB 39142 1220 17 built build VBN 39142 1220 18 by by IN 39142 1220 19 Ritchey Ritchey NNP 39142 1220 20 and and CC 39142 1220 21 thoroughly thoroughly RB 39142 1220 22 tested test VBN 39142 1220 23 by by IN 39142 1220 24 stellar stellar JJ 39142 1220 25 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1220 26 . . . 39142 1221 1 Also also RB 39142 1221 2 the the DT 39142 1221 3 northern northern JJ 39142 1221 4 spiral spiral JJ 39142 1221 5 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 1221 6 were be VBD 39142 1221 7 photographed photograph VBN 39142 1221 8 , , , 39142 1221 9 exhibiting exhibit VBG 39142 1221 10 an an DT 39142 1221 11 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 39142 1221 12 wealth wealth NN 39142 1221 13 of of IN 39142 1221 14 detail detail NN 39142 1221 15 in in IN 39142 1221 16 apparent apparent JJ 39142 1221 17 star star NN 39142 1221 18 formation formation NN 39142 1221 19 . . . 39142 1222 1 The the DT 39142 1222 2 success success NN 39142 1222 3 of of IN 39142 1222 4 this this DT 39142 1222 5 instrument instrument NN 39142 1222 6 paved pave VBD 39142 1222 7 the the DT 39142 1222 8 way way NN 39142 1222 9 for for IN 39142 1222 10 one one CD 39142 1222 11 similar similar JJ 39142 1222 12 in in IN 39142 1222 13 design design NN 39142 1222 14 , , , 39142 1222 15 but but CC 39142 1222 16 with with IN 39142 1222 17 a a DT 39142 1222 18 mirror mirror NN 39142 1222 19 100 100 CD 39142 1222 20 inches inch NNS 39142 1222 21 in in IN 39142 1222 22 diameter diameter NN 39142 1222 23 , , , 39142 1222 24 provided provide VBN 39142 1222 25 by by IN 39142 1222 26 gift gift NN 39142 1222 27 of of IN 39142 1222 28 the the DT 39142 1222 29 late late JJ 39142 1222 30 John John NNP 39142 1222 31 D. D. NNP 39142 1222 32 Hooker Hooker NNP 39142 1222 33 of of IN 39142 1222 34 Los Los NNP 39142 1222 35 Angeles Angeles NNP 39142 1222 36 . . . 39142 1223 1 The the DT 39142 1223 2 telescope telescope NN 39142 1223 3 was be VBD 39142 1223 4 completed complete VBN 39142 1223 5 in in IN 39142 1223 6 1919 1919 CD 39142 1223 7 . . . 39142 1224 1 Notwithstanding notwithstanding IN 39142 1224 2 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1224 3 huge huge JJ 39142 1224 4 size size NN 39142 1224 5 and and CC 39142 1224 6 enormous enormous JJ 39142 1224 7 weight weight NN 39142 1224 8 , , , 39142 1224 9 the the DT 39142 1224 10 mounting mounting NN 39142 1224 11 is be VBZ 39142 1224 12 very very RB 39142 1224 13 successful successful JJ 39142 1224 14 , , , 39142 1224 15 as as RB 39142 1224 16 well well RB 39142 1224 17 as as IN 39142 1224 18 the the DT 39142 1224 19 mirror mirror NN 39142 1224 20 . . . 39142 1225 1 Mercurial mercurial JJ 39142 1225 2 bearings bearing NNS 39142 1225 3 counterbalance counterbalance VBP 39142 1225 4 the the DT 39142 1225 5 weight weight NN 39142 1225 6 of of IN 39142 1225 7 the the DT 39142 1225 8 polar polar JJ 39142 1225 9 axis axi NNS 39142 1225 10 in in IN 39142 1225 11 large large JJ 39142 1225 12 part part NN 39142 1225 13 . . . 39142 1226 1 This this DT 39142 1226 2 great great JJ 39142 1226 3 telescope telescope NN 39142 1226 4 , , , 39142 1226 5 by by IN 39142 1226 6 far far RB 39142 1226 7 the the DT 39142 1226 8 largest large JJS 39142 1226 9 and and CC 39142 1226 10 most most RBS 39142 1226 11 powerful powerful JJ 39142 1226 12 ever ever RB 39142 1226 13 constructed construct VBN 39142 1226 14 , , , 39142 1226 15 is be VBZ 39142 1226 16 now now RB 39142 1226 17 employed employ VBN 39142 1226 18 on on IN 39142 1226 19 a a DT 39142 1226 20 program program NN 39142 1226 21 of of IN 39142 1226 22 research research NN 39142 1226 23 in in IN 39142 1226 24 which which WDT 39142 1226 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1226 26 vast vast JJ 39142 1226 27 light light NN 39142 1226 28 - - HYPH 39142 1226 29 gathering gather VBG 39142 1226 30 power power NN 39142 1226 31 will will MD 39142 1226 32 be be VB 39142 1226 33 utilized utilize VBN 39142 1226 34 to to IN 39142 1226 35 the the DT 39142 1226 36 full full JJ 39142 1226 37 . . . 39142 1227 1 Under under IN 39142 1227 2 the the DT 39142 1227 3 skillful skillful JJ 39142 1227 4 management management NN 39142 1227 5 of of IN 39142 1227 6 Hale Hale NNP 39142 1227 7 and and CC 39142 1227 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1227 9 enthusiastic enthusiastic JJ 39142 1227 10 and and CC 39142 1227 11 capable capable JJ 39142 1227 12 colleagues colleague NNS 39142 1227 13 , , , 39142 1227 14 the the DT 39142 1227 15 confines confine NNS 39142 1227 16 of of IN 39142 1227 17 the the DT 39142 1227 18 stellar stellar JJ 39142 1227 19 heavens heaven NNS 39142 1227 20 will will MD 39142 1227 21 be be VB 39142 1227 22 enormously enormously RB 39142 1227 23 extended extend VBN 39142 1227 24 , , , 39142 1227 25 and and CC 39142 1227 26 secrets secret NNS 39142 1227 27 of of IN 39142 1227 28 evolution evolution NN 39142 1227 29 of of IN 39142 1227 30 the the DT 39142 1227 31 universe universe NN 39142 1227 32 and and CC 39142 1227 33 of of IN 39142 1227 34 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1227 35 structure structure NN 39142 1227 36 no no RB 39142 1227 37 doubt doubt RB 39142 1227 38 revealed reveal VBN 39142 1227 39 . . . 39142 1228 1 In in IN 39142 1228 2 all all PDT 39142 1228 3 the the DT 39142 1228 4 mountain mountain NN 39142 1228 5 stations station NNS 39142 1228 6 hitherto hitherto NNP 39142 1228 7 established establish VBN 39142 1228 8 , , , 39142 1228 9 as as IN 39142 1228 10 the the DT 39142 1228 11 Lick Lick NNP 39142 1228 12 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1228 13 at at IN 39142 1228 14 4,000 4,000 CD 39142 1228 15 feet foot NNS 39142 1228 16 , , , 39142 1228 17 the the DT 39142 1228 18 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1228 19 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 1228 20 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1228 21 at at IN 39142 1228 22 6,000 6,000 CD 39142 1228 23 feet foot NNS 39142 1228 24 , , , 39142 1228 25 the the DT 39142 1228 26 Lowell Lowell NNP 39142 1228 27 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1228 28 at at IN 39142 1228 29 7,000 7,000 CD 39142 1228 30 feet foot NNS 39142 1228 31 , , , 39142 1228 32 the the DT 39142 1228 33 Harvard Harvard NNP 39142 1228 34 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1228 35 at at IN 39142 1228 36 8,000 8,000 CD 39142 1228 37 feet foot NNS 39142 1228 38 ; ; : 39142 1228 39 and and CC 39142 1228 40 Teneriffe Teneriffe NNP 39142 1228 41 and and CC 39142 1228 42 Etna Etna NNP 39142 1228 43 at at IN 39142 1228 44 10,000 10,000 CD 39142 1228 45 , , , 39142 1228 46 Fujiyama Fujiyama NNP 39142 1228 47 at at IN 39142 1228 48 12,000 12,000 CD 39142 1228 49 , , , 39142 1228 50 Pike Pike NNP 39142 1228 51 's 's POS 39142 1228 52 Peak Peak NNP 39142 1228 53 at at IN 39142 1228 54 14,000 14,000 CD 39142 1228 55 , , , 39142 1228 56 Mont Mont NNP 39142 1228 57 Blanc Blanc NNP 39142 1228 58 and and CC 39142 1228 59 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1228 60 Whitney Whitney NNP 39142 1228 61 at at IN 39142 1228 62 15,000 15,000 CD 39142 1228 63 , , , 39142 1228 64 the the DT 39142 1228 65 researches research NNS 39142 1228 66 that that WDT 39142 1228 67 have have VBP 39142 1228 68 been be VBN 39142 1228 69 carried carry VBN 39142 1228 70 on on IN 39142 1228 71 have have VBP 39142 1228 72 fully fully RB 39142 1228 73 demonstrated demonstrate VBN 39142 1228 74 the the DT 39142 1228 75 vast vast JJ 39142 1228 76 advantage advantage NN 39142 1228 77 of of IN 39142 1228 78 increased increase VBN 39142 1228 79 elevation elevation NN 39142 1228 80 in in IN 39142 1228 81 localities locality NNS 39142 1228 82 where where WRB 39142 1228 83 climatological climatological JJ 39142 1228 84 conditions condition NNS 39142 1228 85 as as RB 39142 1228 86 well well RB 39142 1228 87 as as IN 39142 1228 88 elevation elevation NN 39142 1228 89 are be VBP 39142 1228 90 favorable favorable JJ 39142 1228 91 . . . 39142 1229 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 1229 2 , , , 39142 1229 3 only only RB 39142 1229 4 one one CD 39142 1229 5 - - HYPH 39142 1229 6 half half NN 39142 1229 7 of of IN 39142 1229 8 the the DT 39142 1229 9 extreme extreme JJ 39142 1229 10 altitude altitude NN 39142 1229 11 contemplated contemplate VBN 39142 1229 12 by by IN 39142 1229 13 Sir Sir NNP 39142 1229 14 Isaac Isaac NNP 39142 1229 15 Newton Newton NNP 39142 1229 16 has have VBZ 39142 1229 17 yet yet RB 39142 1229 18 been be VBN 39142 1229 19 attained attain VBN 39142 1229 20 . . . 39142 1230 1 Can Can MD 39142 1230 2 the the DT 39142 1230 3 greater great JJR 39142 1230 4 heights height NNS 39142 1230 5 be be VB 39142 1230 6 reached reach VBN 39142 1230 7 and and CC 39142 1230 8 permanently permanently RB 39142 1230 9 occupied occupy VBN 39142 1230 10 ? ? . 39142 1231 1 Geographically geographically RB 39142 1231 2 and and CC 39142 1231 3 astronomically astronomically RB 39142 1231 4 the the DT 39142 1231 5 most most RBS 39142 1231 6 favorably favorably RB 39142 1231 7 located locate VBN 39142 1231 8 mountain mountain NN 39142 1231 9 for for IN 39142 1231 10 a a DT 39142 1231 11 great great JJ 39142 1231 12 observatory observatory NN 39142 1231 13 is be VBZ 39142 1231 14 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1231 15 Chimborazo Chimborazo NNP 39142 1231 16 in in IN 39142 1231 17 Ecuador Ecuador NNP 39142 1231 18 . . . 39142 1232 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1232 2 elevation elevation NN 39142 1232 3 is be VBZ 39142 1232 4 22,000 22,000 CD 39142 1232 5 feet foot NNS 39142 1232 6 , , , 39142 1232 7 and and CC 39142 1232 8 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1232 9 was be VBD 39142 1232 10 ascended ascend VBN 39142 1232 11 by by IN 39142 1232 12 Edward Edward NNP 39142 1232 13 Whymper Whymper NNP 39142 1232 14 in in IN 39142 1232 15 1880 1880 CD 39142 1232 16 . . . 39142 1233 1 Situated situate VBN 39142 1233 2 very very RB 39142 1233 3 nearly nearly RB 39142 1233 4 on on IN 39142 1233 5 the the DT 39142 1233 6 earth earth NN 39142 1233 7 's 's POS 39142 1233 8 equator equator NN 39142 1233 9 , , , 39142 1233 10 almost almost RB 39142 1233 11 the the DT 39142 1233 12 entire entire JJ 39142 1233 13 sidereal sidereal JJ 39142 1233 14 heavens heaven NNS 39142 1233 15 are be VBP 39142 1233 16 visible visible JJ 39142 1233 17 from from IN 39142 1233 18 this this DT 39142 1233 19 single single JJ 39142 1233 20 station station NN 39142 1233 21 , , , 39142 1233 22 and and CC 39142 1233 23 all all PDT 39142 1233 24 the the DT 39142 1233 25 planets planet NNS 39142 1233 26 are be VBP 39142 1233 27 favored favor VBN 39142 1233 28 by by IN 39142 1233 29 circumzenith circumzenith NN 39142 1233 30 conditions condition NNS 39142 1233 31 when when WRB 39142 1233 32 passing pass VBG 39142 1233 33 the the DT 39142 1233 34 meridian meridian NNP 39142 1233 35 . . . 39142 1234 1 No no DT 39142 1234 2 other other JJ 39142 1234 3 mountain mountain NN 39142 1234 4 in in IN 39142 1234 5 the the DT 39142 1234 6 world world NN 39142 1234 7 approaches approach VBZ 39142 1234 8 Chimborazo Chimborazo NNPS 39142 1234 9 in in IN 39142 1234 10 this this DT 39142 1234 11 respect respect NN 39142 1234 12 . . . 39142 1235 1 But but CC 39142 1235 2 the the DT 39142 1235 3 summit summit NN 39142 1235 4 is be VBZ 39142 1235 5 perpetually perpetually RB 39142 1235 6 snow snow NN 39142 1235 7 - - HYPH 39142 1235 8 capped cap VBN 39142 1235 9 , , , 39142 1235 10 exceedingly exceedingly RB 39142 1235 11 inaccessible inaccessible JJ 39142 1235 12 , , , 39142 1235 13 and and CC 39142 1235 14 the the DT 39142 1235 15 defect defect NN 39142 1235 16 of of IN 39142 1235 17 barometric barometric JJ 39142 1235 18 pressure pressure NN 39142 1235 19 would would MD 39142 1235 20 make make VB 39142 1235 21 life life NN 39142 1235 22 impossible impossible JJ 39142 1235 23 up up RB 39142 1235 24 there there RB 39142 1235 25 in in IN 39142 1235 26 the the DT 39142 1235 27 open open NN 39142 1235 28 . . . 39142 1236 1 Only only RB 39142 1236 2 one one CD 39142 1236 3 method method NN 39142 1236 4 of of IN 39142 1236 5 occupation occupation NN 39142 1236 6 appears appear VBZ 39142 1236 7 to to TO 39142 1236 8 be be VB 39142 1236 9 feasible feasible JJ 39142 1236 10 . . . 39142 1237 1 The the DT 39142 1237 2 permanent permanent JJ 39142 1237 3 snow snow NN 39142 1237 4 line line NN 39142 1237 5 is be VBZ 39142 1237 6 at at IN 39142 1237 7 about about RB 39142 1237 8 16,000 16,000 CD 39142 1237 9 feet foot NNS 39142 1237 10 , , , 39142 1237 11 where where WRB 39142 1237 12 excellent excellent JJ 39142 1237 13 water water NN 39142 1237 14 power power NN 39142 1237 15 is be VBZ 39142 1237 16 available available JJ 39142 1237 17 . . . 39142 1238 1 By by IN 39142 1238 2 tunneling tunnel VBG 39142 1238 3 into into IN 39142 1238 4 the the DT 39142 1238 5 mountain mountain NN 39142 1238 6 at at IN 39142 1238 7 this this DT 39142 1238 8 point point NN 39142 1238 9 , , , 39142 1238 10 and and CC 39142 1238 11 diagonally diagonally RB 39142 1238 12 upward upward RB 39142 1238 13 to to IN 39142 1238 14 the the DT 39142 1238 15 summit summit NN 39142 1238 16 , , , 39142 1238 17 permanent permanent JJ 39142 1238 18 occupation occupation NN 39142 1238 19 could could MD 39142 1238 20 be be VB 39142 1238 21 accomplished accomplish VBN 39142 1238 22 , , , 39142 1238 23 at at IN 39142 1238 24 a a DT 39142 1238 25 cost cost NN 39142 1238 26 not not RB 39142 1238 27 to to TO 39142 1238 28 exceed exceed VB 39142 1238 29 one one CD 39142 1238 30 million million CD 39142 1238 31 dollars dollar NNS 39142 1238 32 . . . 39142 1239 1 The the DT 39142 1239 2 rooms room NNS 39142 1239 3 of of IN 39142 1239 4 the the DT 39142 1239 5 summit summit NN 39142 1239 6 observatory observatory NN 39142 1239 7 would would MD 39142 1239 8 need need VB 39142 1239 9 to to TO 39142 1239 10 be be VB 39142 1239 11 built build VBN 39142 1239 12 as as IN 39142 1239 13 steel steel NN 39142 1239 14 caissons caisson NNS 39142 1239 15 , , , 39142 1239 16 and and CC 39142 1239 17 supplied supply VBN 39142 1239 18 with with IN 39142 1239 19 compressed compress VBN 39142 1239 20 air air NN 39142 1239 21 at at IN 39142 1239 22 sea sea NN 39142 1239 23 - - HYPH 39142 1239 24 level level NN 39142 1239 25 tension tension NN 39142 1239 26 . . . 39142 1240 1 The the DT 39142 1240 2 practicability practicability NN 39142 1240 3 of of IN 39142 1240 4 this this DT 39142 1240 5 plan plan NN 39142 1240 6 was be VBD 39142 1240 7 demonstrated demonstrate VBN 39142 1240 8 by by IN 39142 1240 9 the the DT 39142 1240 10 writer writer NN 39142 1240 11 in in IN 39142 1240 12 September September NNP 39142 1240 13 , , , 39142 1240 14 1907 1907 CD 39142 1240 15 , , , 39142 1240 16 at at IN 39142 1240 17 Cerro Cerro NNP 39142 1240 18 de de NNP 39142 1240 19 Pasco Pasco NNP 39142 1240 20 , , , 39142 1240 21 Peru Peru NNP 39142 1240 22 . . . 39142 1241 1 A a DT 39142 1241 2 steel steel NN 39142 1241 3 caisson caisson NN 39142 1241 4 was be VBD 39142 1241 5 carried carry VBN 39142 1241 6 up up RP 39142 1241 7 to to IN 39142 1241 8 an an DT 39142 1241 9 elevation elevation NN 39142 1241 10 exceeding exceed VBG 39142 1241 11 14,000 14,000 CD 39142 1241 12 feet foot NNS 39142 1241 13 . . . 39142 1242 1 Patients patient NNS 39142 1242 2 suffering suffer VBG 39142 1242 3 acutely acutely RB 39142 1242 4 with with IN 39142 1242 5 mountain mountain NN 39142 1242 6 sickness sickness NN 39142 1242 7 were be VBD 39142 1242 8 placed place VBN 39142 1242 9 inside inside IN 39142 1242 10 this this DT 39142 1242 11 caisson caisson NN 39142 1242 12 , , , 39142 1242 13 and and CC 39142 1242 14 on on IN 39142 1242 15 restoring restore VBG 39142 1242 16 the the DT 39142 1242 17 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 39142 1242 18 pressure pressure NN 39142 1242 19 within within IN 39142 1242 20 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1242 21 artificially artificially RB 39142 1242 22 all all DT 39142 1242 23 unfavorable unfavorable JJ 39142 1242 24 symptoms symptom NNS 39142 1242 25 -- -- : 39142 1242 26 headache headache NNP 39142 1242 27 , , , 39142 1242 28 high high JJ 39142 1242 29 respiration respiration NN 39142 1242 30 and and CC 39142 1242 31 accelerated accelerated JJ 39142 1242 32 pulse pulse NN 39142 1242 33 -- -- : 39142 1242 34 disappeared disappear VBD 39142 1242 35 . . . 39142 1243 1 There there EX 39142 1243 2 was be VBD 39142 1243 3 every every DT 39142 1243 4 indication indication NN 39142 1243 5 that that IN 39142 1243 6 if if IN 39142 1243 7 persons person NNS 39142 1243 8 liable liable JJ 39142 1243 9 to to IN 39142 1243 10 this this DT 39142 1243 11 uncomfortable uncomfortable JJ 39142 1243 12 complaint complaint NN 39142 1243 13 were be VBD 39142 1243 14 brought bring VBN 39142 1243 15 up up RP 39142 1243 16 to to IN 39142 1243 17 this this DT 39142 1243 18 elevation elevation NN 39142 1243 19 , , , 39142 1243 20 or or CC 39142 1243 21 indeed indeed RB 39142 1243 22 any any DT 39142 1243 23 attainable attainable JJ 39142 1243 24 elevation elevation NN 39142 1243 25 , , , 39142 1243 26 under under IN 39142 1243 27 unreduced unreduced JJ 39142 1243 28 pressure pressure NN 39142 1243 29 , , , 39142 1243 30 the the DT 39142 1243 31 symptoms symptom NNS 39142 1243 32 of of IN 39142 1243 33 mountain mountain NN 39142 1243 34 sickness sickness NN 39142 1243 35 would would MD 39142 1243 36 be be VB 39142 1243 37 unknown unknown JJ 39142 1243 38 . . . 39142 1244 1 Comfortable comfortable JJ 39142 1244 2 occupation occupation NN 39142 1244 3 of of IN 39142 1244 4 the the DT 39142 1244 5 highest high JJS 39142 1244 6 mountain mountain NN 39142 1244 7 summits summit NNS 39142 1244 8 was be VBD 39142 1244 9 thereby thereby RB 39142 1244 10 assured assure VBN 39142 1244 11 . . . 39142 1245 1 The the DT 39142 1245 2 working working NN 39142 1245 3 of of IN 39142 1245 4 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 1245 5 instruments instrument NNS 39142 1245 6 from from IN 39142 1245 7 within within IN 39142 1245 8 air air NN 39142 1245 9 - - HYPH 39142 1245 10 tight tight JJ 39142 1245 11 compartments compartment NNS 39142 1245 12 does do VBZ 39142 1245 13 not not RB 39142 1245 14 present present VB 39142 1245 15 any any DT 39142 1245 16 insurmountable insurmountable JJ 39142 1245 17 difficulties difficulty NNS 39142 1245 18 , , , 39142 1245 19 either either CC 39142 1245 20 mechanical mechanical JJ 39142 1245 21 or or CC 39142 1245 22 physical physical JJ 39142 1245 23 . . . 39142 1246 1 Since since IN 39142 1246 2 the the DT 39142 1246 3 time time NN 39142 1246 4 these these DT 39142 1246 5 experiments experiment NNS 39142 1246 6 were be VBD 39142 1246 7 made make VBN 39142 1246 8 , , , 39142 1246 9 the the DT 39142 1246 10 Guayaquil Guayaquil NNP 39142 1246 11 - - HYPH 39142 1246 12 Quito Quito NNP 39142 1246 13 railway railway NN 39142 1246 14 has have VBZ 39142 1246 15 been be VBN 39142 1246 16 constructed construct VBN 39142 1246 17 over over IN 39142 1246 18 a a DT 39142 1246 19 saddle saddle NN 39142 1246 20 of of IN 39142 1246 21 Chimborazo Chimborazo NNP 39142 1246 22 , , , 39142 1246 23 at at IN 39142 1246 24 an an DT 39142 1246 25 elevation elevation NN 39142 1246 26 of of IN 39142 1246 27 12,000 12,000 CD 39142 1246 28 feet foot NNS 39142 1246 29 ; ; : 39142 1246 30 and and CC 39142 1246 31 only only RB 39142 1246 32 six six CD 39142 1246 33 miles mile NNS 39142 1246 34 of of IN 39142 1246 35 railway railway NN 39142 1246 36 would would MD 39142 1246 37 need need VB 39142 1246 38 to to TO 39142 1246 39 be be VB 39142 1246 40 built build VBN 39142 1246 41 from from IN 39142 1246 42 this this DT 39142 1246 43 station station NN 39142 1246 44 to to IN 39142 1246 45 the the DT 39142 1246 46 point point NN 39142 1246 47 where where WRB 39142 1246 48 the the DT 39142 1246 49 tunnel tunnel NN 39142 1246 50 would would MD 39142 1246 51 enter enter VB 39142 1246 52 the the DT 39142 1246 53 mountain mountain NN 39142 1246 54 . . . 39142 1247 1 Only only RB 39142 1247 2 by by IN 39142 1247 3 the the DT 39142 1247 4 execution execution NN 39142 1247 5 of of IN 39142 1247 6 some some DT 39142 1247 7 such such JJ 39142 1247 8 plan plan NN 39142 1247 9 as as IN 39142 1247 10 this this DT 39142 1247 11 can can MD 39142 1247 12 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1247 13 hope hope VB 39142 1247 14 to to TO 39142 1247 15 overcome overcome VB 39142 1247 16 the the DT 39142 1247 17 baleful baleful JJ 39142 1247 18 effects effect NNS 39142 1247 19 of of IN 39142 1247 20 an an DT 39142 1247 21 ever ever RB 39142 1247 22 mobile mobile JJ 39142 1247 23 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1247 24 , , , 39142 1247 25 and and CC 39142 1247 26 secure secure VB 39142 1247 27 the the DT 39142 1247 28 advantages advantage NNS 39142 1247 29 contemplated contemplate VBN 39142 1247 30 by by IN 39142 1247 31 Sir Sir NNP 39142 1247 32 Isaac Isaac NNP 39142 1247 33 Newton Newton NNP 39142 1247 34 in in IN 39142 1247 35 that that DT 39142 1247 36 tranquillity tranquillity NN 39142 1247 37 of of IN 39142 1247 38 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1247 39 , , , 39142 1247 40 which which WDT 39142 1247 41 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1247 42 conceived conceive VBD 39142 1247 43 as as RB 39142 1247 44 perpetually perpetually RB 39142 1247 45 surrounding surround VBG 39142 1247 46 the the DT 39142 1247 47 summits summit NNS 39142 1247 48 of of IN 39142 1247 49 the the DT 39142 1247 50 highest high JJS 39142 1247 51 mountains mountain NNS 39142 1247 52 . . . 39142 1248 1 In in IN 39142 1248 2 Russell Russell NNP 39142 1248 3 's 's POS 39142 1248 4 theory theory NN 39142 1248 5 of of IN 39142 1248 6 the the DT 39142 1248 7 progressive progressive JJ 39142 1248 8 development development NN 39142 1248 9 of of IN 39142 1248 10 the the DT 39142 1248 11 stars star NNS 39142 1248 12 , , , 39142 1248 13 from from IN 39142 1248 14 the the DT 39142 1248 15 giant giant JJ 39142 1248 16 class class NN 39142 1248 17 to to IN 39142 1248 18 the the DT 39142 1248 19 dwarf dwarf NN 39142 1248 20 , , , 39142 1248 21 an an DT 39142 1248 22 element element NN 39142 1248 23 of of IN 39142 1248 24 verification verification NN 39142 1248 25 from from IN 39142 1248 26 observation observation NN 39142 1248 27 is be VBZ 39142 1248 28 lacking lack VBG 39142 1248 29 , , , 39142 1248 30 because because IN 39142 1248 31 hitherto hitherto JJ 39142 1248 32 no no DT 39142 1248 33 certain certain JJ 39142 1248 34 method method NN 39142 1248 35 of of IN 39142 1248 36 measuring measure VBG 39142 1248 37 the the DT 39142 1248 38 very very RB 39142 1248 39 minute minute JJ 39142 1248 40 angular angular JJ 39142 1248 41 diameters diameter NNS 39142 1248 42 of of IN 39142 1248 43 the the DT 39142 1248 44 stars star NNS 39142 1248 45 has have VBZ 39142 1248 46 been be VBN 39142 1248 47 successfully successfully RB 39142 1248 48 applied apply VBN 39142 1248 49 . . . 39142 1249 1 The the DT 39142 1249 2 apparent apparent JJ 39142 1249 3 surface surface NN 39142 1249 4 brightness brightness NN 39142 1249 5 corresponding correspond VBG 39142 1249 6 to to IN 39142 1249 7 each each DT 39142 1249 8 spectral spectral JJ 39142 1249 9 type type NN 39142 1249 10 is be VBZ 39142 1249 11 pretty pretty RB 39142 1249 12 well well RB 39142 1249 13 known known JJ 39142 1249 14 , , , 39142 1249 15 and and CC 39142 1249 16 by by IN 39142 1249 17 dividing divide VBG 39142 1249 18 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1249 19 into into IN 39142 1249 20 the the DT 39142 1249 21 total total JJ 39142 1249 22 apparent apparent JJ 39142 1249 23 brightness brightness NN 39142 1249 24 , , , 39142 1249 25 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1249 26 have have VBP 39142 1249 27 the the DT 39142 1249 28 angular angular JJ 39142 1249 29 area area NN 39142 1249 30 subtended subtend VBN 39142 1249 31 by by IN 39142 1249 32 the the DT 39142 1249 33 star star NN 39142 1249 34 , , , 39142 1249 35 quite quite RB 39142 1249 36 independent independent JJ 39142 1249 37 of of IN 39142 1249 38 the the DT 39142 1249 39 star star NN 39142 1249 40 's 's POS 39142 1249 41 distance distance NN 39142 1249 42 . . . 39142 1250 1 This this DT 39142 1250 2 makes make VBZ 39142 1250 3 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1250 4 easy easy JJ 39142 1250 5 to to TO 39142 1250 6 estimate estimate VB 39142 1250 7 the the DT 39142 1250 8 angular angular JJ 39142 1250 9 diameter diameter NN 39142 1250 10 of of IN 39142 1250 11 a a DT 39142 1250 12 star star NN 39142 1250 13 , , , 39142 1250 14 and and CC 39142 1250 15 Betelgeuse Betelgeuse NNP 39142 1250 16 is be VBZ 39142 1250 17 the the DT 39142 1250 18 one one CD 39142 1250 19 which which WDT 39142 1250 20 has have VBZ 39142 1250 21 the the DT 39142 1250 22 greatest great JJS 39142 1250 23 angular angular JJ 39142 1250 24 diameter diameter NN 39142 1250 25 of of IN 39142 1250 26 all all DT 39142 1250 27 whose whose WP$ 39142 1250 28 distances distance NNS 39142 1250 29 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1250 30 know know VBP 39142 1250 31 . . . 39142 1251 1 Antares antare NNS 39142 1251 2 is be VBZ 39142 1251 3 next next JJ 39142 1251 4 in in IN 39142 1251 5 order order NN 39142 1251 6 of of IN 39142 1251 7 angular angular JJ 39142 1251 8 diameter diameter NN 39142 1251 9 , , , 39142 1251 10 0".043 0".043 NNP 39142 1251 11 , , , 39142 1251 12 Aldebaran Aldebaran NNP 39142 1251 13 0".022 0".022 NNP 39142 1251 14 , , , 39142 1251 15 Arcturus Arcturus NNP 39142 1251 16 0".020 0".020 NNP 39142 1251 17 , , , 39142 1251 18 Pollux Pollux NNP 39142 1251 19 0".013 0".013 NNP 39142 1251 20 , , , 39142 1251 21 and and CC 39142 1251 22 Sirius Sirius NNP 39142 1251 23 only only RB 39142 1251 24 0".007 0".007 NN 39142 1251 25 . . . 39142 1252 1 Can Can MD 39142 1252 2 these these DT 39142 1252 3 theoretical theoretical JJ 39142 1252 4 estimates estimate NNS 39142 1252 5 be be VB 39142 1252 6 verified verify VBN 39142 1252 7 by by IN 39142 1252 8 observation observation NN 39142 1252 9 ? ? . 39142 1253 1 Clearly clearly RB 39142 1253 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1253 3 is be VBZ 39142 1253 4 of of IN 39142 1253 5 the the DT 39142 1253 6 utmost utmost JJ 39142 1253 7 importance importance NN 39142 1253 8 and and CC 39142 1253 9 the the DT 39142 1253 10 exceedingly exceedingly RB 39142 1253 11 difficult difficult JJ 39142 1253 12 inquiry inquiry NN 39142 1253 13 has have VBZ 39142 1253 14 been be VBN 39142 1253 15 undertaken undertake VBN 39142 1253 16 with with IN 39142 1253 17 the the DT 39142 1253 18 100-inch 100-inch CD 39142 1253 19 reflector reflector NN 39142 1253 20 on on IN 39142 1253 21 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1253 22 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 1253 23 , , , 39142 1253 24 employing employ VBG 39142 1253 25 the the DT 39142 1253 26 method method NN 39142 1253 27 of of IN 39142 1253 28 the the DT 39142 1253 29 interferometer interferometer NN 39142 1253 30 developed develop VBN 39142 1253 31 by by IN 39142 1253 32 Michelson Michelson NNP 39142 1253 33 and and CC 39142 1253 34 described describe VBN 39142 1253 35 later later RB 39142 1253 36 on on RB 39142 1253 37 , , , 39142 1253 38 an an DT 39142 1253 39 instrument instrument NN 39142 1253 40 undoubtedly undoubtedly RB 39142 1253 41 capable capable JJ 39142 1253 42 of of IN 39142 1253 43 measuring measure VBG 39142 1253 44 much much RB 39142 1253 45 smaller small JJR 39142 1253 46 angles angle NNS 39142 1253 47 than than IN 39142 1253 48 can can MD 39142 1253 49 be be VB 39142 1253 50 measured measure VBN 39142 1253 51 by by IN 39142 1253 52 any any DT 39142 1253 53 other other JJ 39142 1253 54 known know VBN 39142 1253 55 method method NN 39142 1253 56 . . . 39142 1254 1 Unquestionably unquestionably RB 39142 1254 2 the the DT 39142 1254 3 interference interference NN 39142 1254 4 of of IN 39142 1254 5 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 39142 1254 6 waves wave NNS 39142 1254 7 , , , 39142 1254 8 or or CC 39142 1254 9 in in IN 39142 1254 10 other other JJ 39142 1254 11 words word NNS 39142 1254 12 what what WDT 39142 1254 13 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1254 14 call call VBP 39142 1254 15 " " `` 39142 1254 16 poor poor JJ 39142 1254 17 seeing seeing NN 39142 1254 18 , , , 39142 1254 19 " " '' 39142 1254 20 will will MD 39142 1254 21 ultimately ultimately RB 39142 1254 22 set set VB 39142 1254 23 the the DT 39142 1254 24 limit limit NN 39142 1254 25 to to IN 39142 1254 26 what what WP 39142 1254 27 can can MD 39142 1254 28 be be VB 39142 1254 29 accomplished accomplish VBN 39142 1254 30 . . . 39142 1255 1 " " `` 39142 1255 2 But but CC 39142 1255 3 even even RB 39142 1255 4 if if IN 39142 1255 5 , , , 39142 1255 6 " " '' 39142 1255 7 says say VBZ 39142 1255 8 Eddington Eddington NNP 39142 1255 9 , , , 39142 1255 10 " " `` 39142 1255 11 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1255 12 have have VBP 39142 1255 13 to to TO 39142 1255 14 send send VB 39142 1255 15 special special JJ 39142 1255 16 expeditions expedition NNS 39142 1255 17 to to IN 39142 1255 18 the the DT 39142 1255 19 top top NN 39142 1255 20 of of IN 39142 1255 21 one one CD 39142 1255 22 of of IN 39142 1255 23 the the DT 39142 1255 24 highest high JJS 39142 1255 25 mountains mountain NNS 39142 1255 26 in in IN 39142 1255 27 the the DT 39142 1255 28 world world NN 39142 1255 29 , , , 39142 1255 30 the the DT 39142 1255 31 attack attack NN 39142 1255 32 on on IN 39142 1255 33 this this DT 39142 1255 34 far far RB 39142 1255 35 - - HYPH 39142 1255 36 reaching reach VBG 39142 1255 37 problem problem NN 39142 1255 38 must must MD 39142 1255 39 not not RB 39142 1255 40 be be VB 39142 1255 41 allowed allow VBN 39142 1255 42 to to TO 39142 1255 43 languish languish VB 39142 1255 44 . . . 39142 1255 45 " " '' 39142 1256 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 1256 2 XXIII xxiii NN 39142 1256 3 THE the DT 39142 1256 4 PROGRAM PROGRAM NNS 39142 1256 5 OF of IN 39142 1256 6 A a DT 39142 1256 7 GREAT GREAT NNP 39142 1256 8 OBSERVATORY OBSERVATORY NNP 39142 1256 9 The the DT 39142 1256 10 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1256 11 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 1256 12 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1256 13 has have VBZ 39142 1256 14 now now RB 39142 1256 15 been be VBN 39142 1256 16 in in IN 39142 1256 17 operation operation NN 39142 1256 18 about about IN 39142 1256 19 fifteen fifteen CD 39142 1256 20 years year NNS 39142 1256 21 . . . 39142 1257 1 The the DT 39142 1257 2 novelty novelty NN 39142 1257 3 in in IN 39142 1257 4 construction construction NN 39142 1257 5 of of IN 39142 1257 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1257 7 instruments instrument NNS 39142 1257 8 , , , 39142 1257 9 the the DT 39142 1257 10 investigations investigation NNS 39142 1257 11 undertaken undertake VBN 39142 1257 12 with with IN 39142 1257 13 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1257 14 and and CC 39142 1257 15 the the DT 39142 1257 16 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 1257 17 made make VBN 39142 1257 18 , , , 39142 1257 19 the the DT 39142 1257 20 interpretation interpretation NN 39142 1257 21 of of IN 39142 1257 22 celestial celestial JJ 39142 1257 23 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 1257 24 by by IN 39142 1257 25 laboratory laboratory NN 39142 1257 26 experiment experiment NN 39142 1257 27 , , , 39142 1257 28 and and CC 39142 1257 29 the the DT 39142 1257 30 recent recent JJ 39142 1257 31 addition addition NN 39142 1257 32 to to IN 39142 1257 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1257 34 equipment equipment NN 39142 1257 35 of of IN 39142 1257 36 a a DT 39142 1257 37 telescope telescope NN 39142 1257 38 100 100 CD 39142 1257 39 inches inch NNS 39142 1257 40 in in IN 39142 1257 41 diameter diameter NN 39142 1257 42 , , , 39142 1257 43 surpassing surpass VBG 39142 1257 44 all all DT 39142 1257 45 others other NNS 39142 1257 46 in in IN 39142 1257 47 power power NN 39142 1257 48 , , , 39142 1257 49 directs direct VBZ 39142 1257 50 especial especial JJ 39142 1257 51 attention attention NN 39142 1257 52 to to IN 39142 1257 53 the the DT 39142 1257 54 extensive extensive JJ 39142 1257 55 activities activity NNS 39142 1257 56 of of IN 39142 1257 57 this this DT 39142 1257 58 institution institution NN 39142 1257 59 , , , 39142 1257 60 whose whose WP$ 39142 1257 61 budget budget NN 39142 1257 62 now now RB 39142 1257 63 exceeds exceed VBZ 39142 1257 64 a a DT 39142 1257 65 million million CD 39142 1257 66 dollars dollar NNS 39142 1257 67 annually annually RB 39142 1257 68 . . . 39142 1258 1 Results result NNS 39142 1258 2 are be VBP 39142 1258 3 only only RB 39142 1258 4 achieved achieve VBN 39142 1258 5 by by IN 39142 1258 6 a a DT 39142 1258 7 carefully carefully RB 39142 1258 8 elaborated elaborate VBN 39142 1258 9 program program NN 39142 1258 10 , , , 39142 1258 11 such such JJ 39142 1258 12 as as IN 39142 1258 13 the the DT 39142 1258 14 following following NN 39142 1258 15 , , , 39142 1258 16 for for IN 39142 1258 17 which which WDT 39142 1258 18 the the DT 39142 1258 19 reader reader NN 39142 1258 20 is be VBZ 39142 1258 21 mainly mainly RB 39142 1258 22 indebted indebted JJ 39142 1258 23 to to IN 39142 1258 24 Dr. Dr. NNP 39142 1258 25 Hale Hale NNP 39142 1258 26 , , , 39142 1258 27 the the DT 39142 1258 28 director director NN 39142 1258 29 of of IN 39142 1258 30 the the DT 39142 1258 31 observatory observatory NN 39142 1258 32 , , , 39142 1258 33 who who WP 39142 1258 34 gives give VBZ 39142 1258 35 a a DT 39142 1258 36 very very RB 39142 1258 37 clear clear JJ 39142 1258 38 idea idea NN 39142 1258 39 of of IN 39142 1258 40 the the DT 39142 1258 41 trend trend NN 39142 1258 42 of of IN 39142 1258 43 present present JJ 39142 1258 44 - - HYPH 39142 1258 45 day day NN 39142 1258 46 research research NN 39142 1258 47 on on IN 39142 1258 48 the the DT 39142 1258 49 magnetic magnetic JJ 39142 1258 50 nature nature NN 39142 1258 51 of of IN 39142 1258 52 the the DT 39142 1258 53 sun sun NN 39142 1258 54 , , , 39142 1258 55 and and CC 39142 1258 56 the the DT 39142 1258 57 structure structure NN 39142 1258 58 and and CC 39142 1258 59 evolution evolution NN 39142 1258 60 of of IN 39142 1258 61 the the DT 39142 1258 62 sidereal sidereal JJ 39142 1258 63 universe universe NN 39142 1258 64 . . . 39142 1259 1 The the DT 39142 1259 2 purpose purpose NN 39142 1259 3 of of IN 39142 1259 4 the the DT 39142 1259 5 observatory observatory NN 39142 1259 6 , , , 39142 1259 7 as as IN 39142 1259 8 defined define VBN 39142 1259 9 at at IN 39142 1259 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1259 11 inception inception NN 39142 1259 12 , , , 39142 1259 13 was be VBD 39142 1259 14 to to TO 39142 1259 15 undertake undertake VB 39142 1259 16 a a DT 39142 1259 17 general general JJ 39142 1259 18 study study NN 39142 1259 19 of of IN 39142 1259 20 stellar stellar JJ 39142 1259 21 evolution evolution NN 39142 1259 22 , , , 39142 1259 23 laying lay VBG 39142 1259 24 especial especial JJ 39142 1259 25 emphasis emphasis NN 39142 1259 26 upon upon IN 39142 1259 27 the the DT 39142 1259 28 study study NN 39142 1259 29 of of IN 39142 1259 30 the the DT 39142 1259 31 sun sun NN 39142 1259 32 , , , 39142 1259 33 considered consider VBN 39142 1259 34 as as IN 39142 1259 35 a a DT 39142 1259 36 typical typical JJ 39142 1259 37 star star NN 39142 1259 38 ; ; , 39142 1259 39 physical physical JJ 39142 1259 40 researches research NNS 39142 1259 41 on on IN 39142 1259 42 stars star NNS 39142 1259 43 and and CC 39142 1259 44 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 1259 45 ; ; : 39142 1259 46 and and CC 39142 1259 47 the the DT 39142 1259 48 interpretation interpretation NN 39142 1259 49 of of IN 39142 1259 50 solar solar JJ 39142 1259 51 and and CC 39142 1259 52 stellar stellar JJ 39142 1259 53 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 1259 54 by by IN 39142 1259 55 laboratory laboratory NN 39142 1259 56 experiments experiment NNS 39142 1259 57 . . . 39142 1260 1 Recognizing recognize VBG 39142 1260 2 that that IN 39142 1260 3 the the DT 39142 1260 4 development development NN 39142 1260 5 of of IN 39142 1260 6 new new JJ 39142 1260 7 instruments instrument NNS 39142 1260 8 and and CC 39142 1260 9 methods method NNS 39142 1260 10 afforded afford VBD 39142 1260 11 the the DT 39142 1260 12 most most RBS 39142 1260 13 promising promising JJ 39142 1260 14 means mean NNS 39142 1260 15 of of IN 39142 1260 16 progress progress NN 39142 1260 17 , , , 39142 1260 18 well well RB 39142 1260 19 - - HYPH 39142 1260 20 equipped equip VBN 39142 1260 21 machine machine NN 39142 1260 22 shops shop NNS 39142 1260 23 and and CC 39142 1260 24 optical optical JJ 39142 1260 25 shops shop NNS 39142 1260 26 were be VBD 39142 1260 27 provided provide VBN 39142 1260 28 with with IN 39142 1260 29 this this DT 39142 1260 30 end end NN 39142 1260 31 in in IN 39142 1260 32 view view NN 39142 1260 33 . . . 39142 1261 1 The the DT 39142 1261 2 original original JJ 39142 1261 3 program program NN 39142 1261 4 of of IN 39142 1261 5 the the DT 39142 1261 6 observatory observatory NN 39142 1261 7 has have VBZ 39142 1261 8 been be VBN 39142 1261 9 much much RB 39142 1261 10 modified modify VBN 39142 1261 11 and and CC 39142 1261 12 extended extend VBN 39142 1261 13 by by IN 39142 1261 14 the the DT 39142 1261 15 independent independent JJ 39142 1261 16 and and CC 39142 1261 17 striking striking JJ 39142 1261 18 discovery discovery NN 39142 1261 19 by by IN 39142 1261 20 Campbell Campbell NNP 39142 1261 21 and and CC 39142 1261 22 Kapteyn Kapteyn NNP 39142 1261 23 of of IN 39142 1261 24 an an DT 39142 1261 25 important important JJ 39142 1261 26 relationship relationship NN 39142 1261 27 between between IN 39142 1261 28 stellar stellar JJ 39142 1261 29 speed speed NN 39142 1261 30 and and CC 39142 1261 31 spectral spectral NN 39142 1261 32 type type NN 39142 1261 33 ; ; : 39142 1261 34 the the DT 39142 1261 35 demonstration demonstration NN 39142 1261 36 by by IN 39142 1261 37 Hertzsprung Hertzsprung NNP 39142 1261 38 and and CC 39142 1261 39 Russell Russell NNP 39142 1261 40 of of IN 39142 1261 41 the the DT 39142 1261 42 existence existence NN 39142 1261 43 of of IN 39142 1261 44 giant giant NN 39142 1261 45 and and CC 39142 1261 46 dwarf dwarf NN 39142 1261 47 stars star NNS 39142 1261 48 ; ; : 39142 1261 49 the the DT 39142 1261 50 successful successful JJ 39142 1261 51 application application NN 39142 1261 52 of of IN 39142 1261 53 the the DT 39142 1261 54 60-inch 60-inch CD 39142 1261 55 reflector reflector NN 39142 1261 56 by by IN 39142 1261 57 Van Van NNP 39142 1261 58 Maanen Maanen NNP 39142 1261 59 to to IN 39142 1261 60 the the DT 39142 1261 61 measurement measurement NN 39142 1261 62 of of IN 39142 1261 63 minute minute NN 39142 1261 64 parallaxes parallax NNS 39142 1261 65 of of IN 39142 1261 66 stars star NNS 39142 1261 67 and and CC 39142 1261 68 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 1261 69 ; ; : 39142 1261 70 the the DT 39142 1261 71 important important JJ 39142 1261 72 developments development NNS 39142 1261 73 of of IN 39142 1261 74 Shapley Shapley NNP 39142 1261 75 's 's POS 39142 1261 76 investigation investigation NN 39142 1261 77 of of IN 39142 1261 78 globular globular JJ 39142 1261 79 star star NNP 39142 1261 80 clusters cluster NNS 39142 1261 81 ; ; : 39142 1261 82 the the DT 39142 1261 83 possibilities possibility NNS 39142 1261 84 of of IN 39142 1261 85 research research NN 39142 1261 86 resulting result VBG 39142 1261 87 from from IN 39142 1261 88 Seares Seares NNP 39142 1261 89 's 's POS 39142 1261 90 studies study NNS 39142 1261 91 in in IN 39142 1261 92 stellar stellar JJ 39142 1261 93 photometry photometry NN 39142 1261 94 ; ; : 39142 1261 95 and and CC 39142 1261 96 the the DT 39142 1261 97 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 1261 98 means mean NNS 39142 1261 99 of of IN 39142 1261 100 attack attack NN 39142 1261 101 developed develop VBN 39142 1261 102 by by IN 39142 1261 103 Adams Adams NNP 39142 1261 104 through through IN 39142 1261 105 the the DT 39142 1261 106 method method NN 39142 1261 107 of of IN 39142 1261 108 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 1261 109 parallaxes parallax NNS 39142 1261 110 . . . 39142 1262 1 By by IN 39142 1262 2 this this DT 39142 1262 3 method method NN 39142 1262 4 the the DT 39142 1262 5 absolute absolute JJ 39142 1262 6 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 1262 7 , , , 39142 1262 8 and and CC 39142 1262 9 hence hence RB 39142 1262 10 the the DT 39142 1262 11 distance distance NN 39142 1262 12 of of IN 39142 1262 13 a a DT 39142 1262 14 star star NN 39142 1262 15 is be VBZ 39142 1262 16 accurately accurately RB 39142 1262 17 determined determine VBN 39142 1262 18 from from IN 39142 1262 19 estimates estimate NNS 39142 1262 20 of of IN 39142 1262 21 the the DT 39142 1262 22 relative relative JJ 39142 1262 23 intensities intensity NNS 39142 1262 24 of of IN 39142 1262 25 certain certain JJ 39142 1262 26 lines line NNS 39142 1262 27 in in IN 39142 1262 28 stellar stellar JJ 39142 1262 29 spectra spectra NNP 39142 1262 30 . . . 39142 1263 1 Attention attention NN 39142 1263 2 was be VBD 39142 1263 3 first first RB 39142 1263 4 directed direct VBN 39142 1263 5 toward toward IN 39142 1263 6 lines line NNS 39142 1263 7 of of IN 39142 1263 8 this this DT 39142 1263 9 character character NN 39142 1263 10 in in IN 39142 1263 11 1906 1906 CD 39142 1263 12 , , , 39142 1263 13 when when WRB 39142 1263 14 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1263 15 was be VBD 39142 1263 16 inferred infer VBN 39142 1263 17 that that IN 39142 1263 18 the the DT 39142 1263 19 weakening weakening NN 39142 1263 20 of of IN 39142 1263 21 some some DT 39142 1263 22 lines line NNS 39142 1263 23 in in IN 39142 1263 24 the the DT 39142 1263 25 spectra spectra NN 39142 1263 26 of of IN 39142 1263 27 sun sun NN 39142 1263 28 spots spot NNS 39142 1263 29 and and CC 39142 1263 30 the the DT 39142 1263 31 strengthening strengthening NN 39142 1263 32 of of IN 39142 1263 33 others other NNS 39142 1263 34 was be VBD 39142 1263 35 the the DT 39142 1263 36 result result NN 39142 1263 37 of of IN 39142 1263 38 reduced reduce VBN 39142 1263 39 temperature temperature NN 39142 1263 40 of of IN 39142 1263 41 the the DT 39142 1263 42 spot spot NN 39142 1263 43 vapors vapor NNS 39142 1263 44 . . . 39142 1264 1 On on IN 39142 1264 2 testing test VBG 39142 1264 3 this this DT 39142 1264 4 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 1264 5 by by IN 39142 1264 6 laboratory laboratory NN 39142 1264 7 experiments experiment NNS 39142 1264 8 , , , 39142 1264 9 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1264 10 was be VBD 39142 1264 11 fully fully RB 39142 1264 12 verified verify VBN 39142 1264 13 . . . 39142 1265 1 Subsequently Subsequently NNP 39142 1265 2 Adams Adams NNP 39142 1265 3 , , , 39142 1265 4 who who WP 39142 1265 5 had have VBD 39142 1265 6 thus thus RB 39142 1265 7 become become VBN 39142 1265 8 familiar familiar JJ 39142 1265 9 with with IN 39142 1265 10 these these DT 39142 1265 11 lines line NNS 39142 1265 12 and and CC 39142 1265 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1265 14 variability variability NN 39142 1265 15 , , , 39142 1265 16 studied study VBD 39142 1265 17 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1265 18 extensively extensively RB 39142 1265 19 in in IN 39142 1265 20 the the DT 39142 1265 21 spectra spectra NN 39142 1265 22 of of IN 39142 1265 23 other other JJ 39142 1265 24 stars star NNS 39142 1265 25 . . . 39142 1266 1 In in IN 39142 1266 2 this this DT 39142 1266 3 way way NN 39142 1266 4 was be VBD 39142 1266 5 discovered discover VBN 39142 1266 6 the the DT 39142 1266 7 dependence dependence NN 39142 1266 8 of of IN 39142 1266 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1266 10 relative relative JJ 39142 1266 11 intensities intensity NNS 39142 1266 12 on on IN 39142 1266 13 the the DT 39142 1266 14 star star NN 39142 1266 15 's 's POS 39142 1266 16 absolute absolute JJ 39142 1266 17 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 1266 18 , , , 39142 1266 19 so so RB 39142 1266 20 providing provide VBG 39142 1266 21 the the DT 39142 1266 22 powerful powerful JJ 39142 1266 23 method method NN 39142 1266 24 of of IN 39142 1266 25 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 1266 26 parallaxes parallax NNS 39142 1266 27 . . . 39142 1267 1 This this DT 39142 1267 2 method method NN 39142 1267 3 , , , 39142 1267 4 giving give VBG 39142 1267 5 the the DT 39142 1267 6 absolute absolute JJ 39142 1267 7 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 1267 8 as as RB 39142 1267 9 well well RB 39142 1267 10 as as IN 39142 1267 11 the the DT 39142 1267 12 distance distance NN 39142 1267 13 of of IN 39142 1267 14 every every DT 39142 1267 15 star star NN 39142 1267 16 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1267 17 excepting except VBG 39142 1267 18 those those DT 39142 1267 19 of of IN 39142 1267 20 the the DT 39142 1267 21 earliest early JJS 39142 1267 22 type type NN 39142 1267 23 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1267 24 whose whose WP$ 39142 1267 25 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1267 26 is be VBZ 39142 1267 27 photographed photograph VBN 39142 1267 28 , , , 39142 1267 29 is be VBZ 39142 1267 30 no no DT 39142 1267 31 less less RBR 39142 1267 32 important important JJ 39142 1267 33 from from IN 39142 1267 34 the the DT 39142 1267 35 evolutional evolutional JJ 39142 1267 36 than than IN 39142 1267 37 from from IN 39142 1267 38 the the DT 39142 1267 39 structural structural JJ 39142 1267 40 point point NN 39142 1267 41 of of IN 39142 1267 42 view view NN 39142 1267 43 . . . 39142 1268 1 Investigations investigation NNS 39142 1268 2 in in IN 39142 1268 3 solar solar JJ 39142 1268 4 physics physics NN 39142 1268 5 which which WDT 39142 1268 6 formerly formerly RB 39142 1268 7 held hold VBD 39142 1268 8 chief chief JJ 39142 1268 9 place place NN 39142 1268 10 in in IN 39142 1268 11 the the DT 39142 1268 12 research research NN 39142 1268 13 program program NN 39142 1268 14 have have VBP 39142 1268 15 developed develop VBN 39142 1268 16 along along IN 39142 1268 17 unexpected unexpected JJ 39142 1268 18 lines line NNS 39142 1268 19 . . . 39142 1269 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1269 2 could could MD 39142 1269 3 not not RB 39142 1269 4 be be VB 39142 1269 5 foreseen foresee VBN 39142 1269 6 at at IN 39142 1269 7 the the DT 39142 1269 8 outset outset NN 39142 1269 9 that that IN 39142 1269 10 solar solar JJ 39142 1269 11 magnetic magnetic JJ 39142 1269 12 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 1269 13 might may MD 39142 1269 14 become become VB 39142 1269 15 a a DT 39142 1269 16 subject subject NN 39142 1269 17 of of IN 39142 1269 18 inquiry inquiry NN 39142 1269 19 , , , 39142 1269 20 demanding demand VBG 39142 1269 21 special special JJ 39142 1269 22 instrumental instrumental JJ 39142 1269 23 facilities facility NNS 39142 1269 24 , , , 39142 1269 25 and and CC 39142 1269 26 throwing throw VBG 39142 1269 27 light light NN 39142 1269 28 on on IN 39142 1269 29 the the DT 39142 1269 30 complex complex JJ 39142 1269 31 question question NN 39142 1269 32 of of IN 39142 1269 33 the the DT 39142 1269 34 nature nature NN 39142 1269 35 of of IN 39142 1269 36 the the DT 39142 1269 37 sun sun NN 39142 1269 38 spots spot NNS 39142 1269 39 and and CC 39142 1269 40 other other JJ 39142 1269 41 solar solar JJ 39142 1269 42 problems problem NNS 39142 1269 43 of of IN 39142 1269 44 long long JJ 39142 1269 45 standing standing NN 39142 1269 46 . . . 39142 1270 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1270 2 is be VBZ 39142 1270 3 obvious obvious JJ 39142 1270 4 that that IN 39142 1270 5 these these DT 39142 1270 6 researches research NNS 39142 1270 7 , , , 39142 1270 8 together together RB 39142 1270 9 with with IN 39142 1270 10 those those DT 39142 1270 11 on on IN 39142 1270 12 the the DT 39142 1270 13 solar solar JJ 39142 1270 14 rotation rotation NN 39142 1270 15 and and CC 39142 1270 16 the the DT 39142 1270 17 motions motion NNS 39142 1270 18 of of IN 39142 1270 19 the the DT 39142 1270 20 solar solar JJ 39142 1270 21 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1270 22 , , , 39142 1270 23 developed develop VBN 39142 1270 24 by by IN 39142 1270 25 Adams Adams NNP 39142 1270 26 and and CC 39142 1270 27 St. St. NNP 39142 1270 28 John John NNP 39142 1270 29 , , , 39142 1270 30 must must MD 39142 1270 31 be be VB 39142 1270 32 carried carry VBN 39142 1270 33 to to IN 39142 1270 34 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1270 35 logical logical JJ 39142 1270 36 conclusion conclusion NN 39142 1270 37 , , , 39142 1270 38 if if IN 39142 1270 39 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1270 40 are be VBP 39142 1270 41 to to TO 39142 1270 42 be be VB 39142 1270 43 utilized utilize VBN 39142 1270 44 to to IN 39142 1270 45 the the DT 39142 1270 46 fullest full JJS 39142 1270 47 in in IN 39142 1270 48 interpreting interpret VBG 39142 1270 49 stellar stellar JJ 39142 1270 50 and and CC 39142 1270 51 nebular nebular JJ 39142 1270 52 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 1270 53 . . . 39142 1271 1 The the DT 39142 1271 2 discovery discovery NN 39142 1271 3 of of IN 39142 1271 4 solar solar JJ 39142 1271 5 magnetism magnetism NN 39142 1271 6 , , , 39142 1271 7 like like IN 39142 1271 8 many many JJ 39142 1271 9 other other JJ 39142 1271 10 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1271 11 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 1271 12 results result NNS 39142 1271 13 , , , 39142 1271 14 was be VBD 39142 1271 15 the the DT 39142 1271 16 direct direct JJ 39142 1271 17 outcome outcome NN 39142 1271 18 of of IN 39142 1271 19 a a DT 39142 1271 20 long long JJ 39142 1271 21 series series NN 39142 1271 22 of of IN 39142 1271 23 instrumental instrumental JJ 39142 1271 24 developments development NNS 39142 1271 25 . . . 39142 1272 1 The the DT 39142 1272 2 progressive progressive JJ 39142 1272 3 improvement improvement NN 39142 1272 4 and and CC 39142 1272 5 advance advance NN 39142 1272 6 in in IN 39142 1272 7 size size NN 39142 1272 8 of of IN 39142 1272 9 the the DT 39142 1272 10 tools tool NNS 39142 1272 11 of of IN 39142 1272 12 research research NN 39142 1272 13 was be VBD 39142 1272 14 absolutely absolutely RB 39142 1272 15 necessary necessary JJ 39142 1272 16 . . . 39142 1273 1 Hale Hale NNP 39142 1273 2 's 's POS 39142 1273 3 first first JJ 39142 1273 4 spectroheliograph spectroheliograph NN 39142 1273 5 at at IN 39142 1273 6 Kenwood Kenwood NNP 39142 1273 7 in in IN 39142 1273 8 1890 1890 CD 39142 1273 9 was be VBD 39142 1273 10 attached attach VBN 39142 1273 11 to to IN 39142 1273 12 a a DT 39142 1273 13 12-inch 12-inch CD 39142 1273 14 refractor refractor NN 39142 1273 15 , , , 39142 1273 16 and and CC 39142 1273 17 the the DT 39142 1273 18 solar solar JJ 39142 1273 19 image image NN 39142 1273 20 was be VBD 39142 1273 21 but but CC 39142 1273 22 two two CD 39142 1273 23 inches inch NNS 39142 1273 24 in in IN 39142 1273 25 diameter diameter NN 39142 1273 26 . . . 39142 1274 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1274 2 was be VBD 39142 1274 3 soon soon RB 39142 1274 4 found find VBN 39142 1274 5 that that IN 39142 1274 6 a a DT 39142 1274 7 larger large JJR 39142 1274 8 solar solar JJ 39142 1274 9 image image NN 39142 1274 10 was be VBD 39142 1274 11 essential essential JJ 39142 1274 12 , , , 39142 1274 13 and and CC 39142 1274 14 a a DT 39142 1274 15 spectrograph spectrograph NN 39142 1274 16 of of IN 39142 1274 17 much much RB 39142 1274 18 greater great JJR 39142 1274 19 linear linear JJ 39142 1274 20 dispersion dispersion NN 39142 1274 21 ; ; : 39142 1274 22 in in IN 39142 1274 23 fact fact NN 39142 1274 24 , , , 39142 1274 25 the the DT 39142 1274 26 spectrograph spectrograph NN 39142 1274 27 must must MD 39142 1274 28 be be VB 39142 1274 29 made make VBN 39142 1274 30 the the DT 39142 1274 31 prime prime JJ 39142 1274 32 element element NN 39142 1274 33 in in IN 39142 1274 34 the the DT 39142 1274 35 combination combination NN 39142 1274 36 , , , 39142 1274 37 and and CC 39142 1274 38 the the DT 39142 1274 39 telescope telescope NN 39142 1274 40 so so RB 39142 1274 41 designed design VBN 39142 1274 42 as as IN 39142 1274 43 to to TO 39142 1274 44 serve serve VB 39142 1274 45 as as IN 39142 1274 46 a a DT 39142 1274 47 necessary necessary JJ 39142 1274 48 auxiliary auxiliary NN 39142 1274 49 . . . 39142 1275 1 Accordingly accordingly RB 39142 1275 2 , , , 39142 1275 3 successive successive JJ 39142 1275 4 steps step NNS 39142 1275 5 have have VBP 39142 1275 6 led lead VBN 39142 1275 7 through through IN 39142 1275 8 spectrographs spectrograph NNS 39142 1275 9 of of IN 39142 1275 10 18 18 CD 39142 1275 11 and and CC 39142 1275 12 30 30 CD 39142 1275 13 feet foot NNS 39142 1275 14 dimension dimension NN 39142 1275 15 to to IN 39142 1275 16 a a DT 39142 1275 17 vertical vertical JJ 39142 1275 18 spectrograph spectrograph NN 39142 1275 19 75 75 CD 39142 1275 20 feet foot NNS 39142 1275 21 in in IN 39142 1275 22 focal focal JJ 39142 1275 23 length length NN 39142 1275 24 . . . 39142 1276 1 The the DT 39142 1276 2 telescope telescope NN 39142 1276 3 is be VBZ 39142 1276 4 the the DT 39142 1276 5 150 150 CD 39142 1276 6 feet foot NNS 39142 1276 7 tower tower NN 39142 1276 8 telescope telescope NN 39142 1276 9 , , , 39142 1276 10 giving give VBG 39142 1276 11 a a DT 39142 1276 12 solar solar JJ 39142 1276 13 image image NN 39142 1276 14 of of IN 39142 1276 15 16.5 16.5 CD 39142 1276 16 inches inch NNS 39142 1276 17 in in IN 39142 1276 18 diameter diameter NN 39142 1276 19 . . . 39142 1277 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1277 2 spectrograph spectrograph NN 39142 1277 3 is be VBZ 39142 1277 4 massive massive JJ 39142 1277 5 in in IN 39142 1277 6 construction construction NN 39142 1277 7 , , , 39142 1277 8 and and CC 39142 1277 9 by by IN 39142 1277 10 extending extend VBG 39142 1277 11 deep deep RB 39142 1277 12 into into IN 39142 1277 13 the the DT 39142 1277 14 earth earth NN 39142 1277 15 , , , 39142 1277 16 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1277 17 enjoys enjoy VBZ 39142 1277 18 the the DT 39142 1277 19 stability stability NN 39142 1277 20 and and CC 39142 1277 21 constancy constancy NN 39142 1277 22 of of IN 39142 1277 23 temperature temperature NN 39142 1277 24 required require VBN 39142 1277 25 for for IN 39142 1277 26 the the DT 39142 1277 27 most most RBS 39142 1277 28 exacting exacting JJ 39142 1277 29 work work NN 39142 1277 30 . . . 39142 1278 1 Another another DT 39142 1278 2 direct direct JJ 39142 1278 3 outgrowth outgrowth NN 39142 1278 4 of of IN 39142 1278 5 the the DT 39142 1278 6 work work NN 39142 1278 7 of of IN 39142 1278 8 sun sun NN 39142 1278 9 - - HYPH 39142 1278 10 spot spot NN 39142 1278 11 spectra spectra NNP 39142 1278 12 is be VBZ 39142 1278 13 a a DT 39142 1278 14 study study NN 39142 1278 15 of of IN 39142 1278 16 the the DT 39142 1278 17 spectra spectra NN 39142 1278 18 of of IN 39142 1278 19 red red JJ 39142 1278 20 stars star NNS 39142 1278 21 , , , 39142 1278 22 where where WRB 39142 1278 23 the the DT 39142 1278 24 chemistry chemistry NN 39142 1278 25 of of IN 39142 1278 26 these these DT 39142 1278 27 coolest cool JJS 39142 1278 28 regions region NNS 39142 1278 29 of of IN 39142 1278 30 the the DT 39142 1278 31 sun sun NN 39142 1278 32 is be VBZ 39142 1278 33 partially partially RB 39142 1278 34 duplicated duplicate VBN 39142 1278 35 . . . 39142 1279 1 The the DT 39142 1279 2 combination combination NN 39142 1279 3 of of IN 39142 1279 4 titanium titanium NN 39142 1279 5 and and CC 39142 1279 6 oxygen oxygen NN 39142 1279 7 , , , 39142 1279 8 and and CC 39142 1279 9 the the DT 39142 1279 10 significant significant JJ 39142 1279 11 changes change NNS 39142 1279 12 of of IN 39142 1279 13 line line NN 39142 1279 14 intensity intensity NN 39142 1279 15 already already RB 39142 1279 16 observed observe VBN 39142 1279 17 in in IN 39142 1279 18 both both DT 39142 1279 19 instances instance NNS 39142 1279 20 , , , 39142 1279 21 and and CC 39142 1279 22 also also RB 39142 1279 23 in in IN 39142 1279 24 the the DT 39142 1279 25 electric electric JJ 39142 1279 26 furnace furnace NN 39142 1279 27 at at IN 39142 1279 28 reduced reduced JJ 39142 1279 29 temperatures temperature NNS 39142 1279 30 , , , 39142 1279 31 give give VBP 39142 1279 32 indication indication NN 39142 1279 33 of of IN 39142 1279 34 what what WP 39142 1279 35 may may MD 39142 1279 36 be be VB 39142 1279 37 expected expect VBN 39142 1279 38 to to TO 39142 1279 39 result result VB 39142 1279 40 from from IN 39142 1279 41 an an DT 39142 1279 42 attack attack NN 39142 1279 43 on on IN 39142 1279 44 the the DT 39142 1279 45 spectra spectra NN 39142 1279 46 of of IN 39142 1279 47 the the DT 39142 1279 48 red red JJ 39142 1279 49 stars star NNS 39142 1279 50 with with IN 39142 1279 51 more more RBR 39142 1279 52 powerful powerful JJ 39142 1279 53 instrumental instrumental JJ 39142 1279 54 means mean NNS 39142 1279 55 , , , 39142 1279 56 which which WDT 39142 1279 57 is be VBZ 39142 1279 58 now now RB 39142 1279 59 provided provide VBN 39142 1279 60 by by IN 39142 1279 61 the the DT 39142 1279 62 100-inch 100-inch CD 39142 1279 63 telescope telescope NN 39142 1279 64 and and CC 39142 1279 65 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1279 66 large large JJ 39142 1279 67 stellar stellar JJ 39142 1279 68 spectrograph spectrograph NN 39142 1279 69 . . . 39142 1280 1 Other other JJ 39142 1280 2 elements element NNS 39142 1280 3 in in IN 39142 1280 4 the the DT 39142 1280 5 design design NN 39142 1280 6 of of IN 39142 1280 7 the the DT 39142 1280 8 100-inch 100-inch CD 39142 1280 9 Hooker Hooker NNP 39142 1280 10 telescope telescope NN 39142 1280 11 have have VBP 39142 1280 12 the the DT 39142 1280 13 same same JJ 39142 1280 14 general general JJ 39142 1280 15 object object NN 39142 1280 16 in in IN 39142 1280 17 view view NN 39142 1280 18 -- -- : 39142 1280 19 that that IN 39142 1280 20 of of IN 39142 1280 21 developing develop VBG 39142 1280 22 and and CC 39142 1280 23 applying apply VBG 39142 1280 24 in in IN 39142 1280 25 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 1280 26 practice practice NN 39142 1280 27 the the DT 39142 1280 28 effective effective JJ 39142 1280 29 research research NN 39142 1280 30 methods method NNS 39142 1280 31 suggested suggest VBN 39142 1280 32 by by IN 39142 1280 33 recent recent JJ 39142 1280 34 advances advance NNS 39142 1280 35 in in IN 39142 1280 36 physics physics NN 39142 1280 37 . . . 39142 1281 1 Fresh fresh JJ 39142 1281 2 possibilities possibility NNS 39142 1281 3 of of IN 39142 1281 4 progress progress NN 39142 1281 5 are be VBP 39142 1281 6 constantly constantly RB 39142 1281 7 arising arise VBG 39142 1281 8 , , , 39142 1281 9 and and CC 39142 1281 10 these these DT 39142 1281 11 are be VBP 39142 1281 12 utilized utilize VBN 39142 1281 13 as as RB 39142 1281 14 rapidly rapidly RB 39142 1281 15 as as IN 39142 1281 16 circumstances circumstance NNS 39142 1281 17 permit permit VBP 39142 1281 18 . . . 39142 1282 1 The the DT 39142 1282 2 policy policy NN 39142 1282 3 of of IN 39142 1282 4 undertaking undertake VBG 39142 1282 5 the the DT 39142 1282 6 interpretations interpretation NNS 39142 1282 7 of of IN 39142 1282 8 celestial celestial JJ 39142 1282 9 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 1282 10 by by IN 39142 1282 11 laboratory laboratory NN 39142 1282 12 experiments experiment NNS 39142 1282 13 , , , 39142 1282 14 an an DT 39142 1282 15 important important JJ 39142 1282 16 element element NN 39142 1282 17 in in IN 39142 1282 18 the the DT 39142 1282 19 initial initial JJ 39142 1282 20 organization organization NN 39142 1282 21 of of IN 39142 1282 22 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1282 23 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 1282 24 , , , 39142 1282 25 has have VBZ 39142 1282 26 certainly certainly RB 39142 1282 27 been be VBN 39142 1282 28 justified justify VBN 39142 1282 29 by by IN 39142 1282 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1282 31 results result NNS 39142 1282 32 . . . 39142 1283 1 Indeed indeed RB 39142 1283 2 , , , 39142 1283 3 the the DT 39142 1283 4 development development NN 39142 1283 5 of of IN 39142 1283 6 many many JJ 39142 1283 7 of of IN 39142 1283 8 the the DT 39142 1283 9 chief chief JJ 39142 1283 10 solar solar JJ 39142 1283 11 investigations investigation NNS 39142 1283 12 would would MD 39142 1283 13 have have VB 39142 1283 14 been be VBN 39142 1283 15 impossible impossible JJ 39142 1283 16 without without IN 39142 1283 17 the the DT 39142 1283 18 aid aid NN 39142 1283 19 of of IN 39142 1283 20 special special JJ 39142 1283 21 laboratory laboratory NN 39142 1283 22 studies study NNS 39142 1283 23 , , , 39142 1283 24 going go VBG 39142 1283 25 hand hand NN 39142 1283 26 in in IN 39142 1283 27 hand hand NN 39142 1283 28 with with IN 39142 1283 29 the the DT 39142 1283 30 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 1283 31 observations observation NNS 39142 1283 32 . . . 39142 1284 1 So so RB 39142 1284 2 indispensable indispensable JJ 39142 1284 3 are be VBP 39142 1284 4 such such JJ 39142 1284 5 researches research NNS 39142 1284 6 , , , 39142 1284 7 and and CC 39142 1284 8 so so RB 39142 1284 9 great great JJ 39142 1284 10 is be VBZ 39142 1284 11 the the DT 39142 1284 12 promise promise NN 39142 1284 13 of of IN 39142 1284 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1284 15 extension extension NN 39142 1284 16 , , , 39142 1284 17 that that IN 39142 1284 18 the the DT 39142 1284 19 time time NN 39142 1284 20 has have VBZ 39142 1284 21 now now RB 39142 1284 22 come come VBN 39142 1284 23 for for IN 39142 1284 24 advancing advance VBG 39142 1284 25 the the DT 39142 1284 26 laboratory laboratory NN 39142 1284 27 work work NN 39142 1284 28 from from IN 39142 1284 29 an an DT 39142 1284 30 accessory accessory JJ 39142 1284 31 feature feature NN 39142 1284 32 to to IN 39142 1284 33 full full JJ 39142 1284 34 equality equality NN 39142 1284 35 with with IN 39142 1284 36 the the DT 39142 1284 37 major major JJ 39142 1284 38 factors factor NNS 39142 1284 39 in in IN 39142 1284 40 the the DT 39142 1284 41 work work NN 39142 1284 42 of of IN 39142 1284 43 the the DT 39142 1284 44 observatory observatory NN 39142 1284 45 . . . 39142 1285 1 Accordingly accordingly RB 39142 1285 2 a a DT 39142 1285 3 new new JJ 39142 1285 4 instrument instrument NN 39142 1285 5 now now RB 39142 1285 6 under under IN 39142 1285 7 installation installation NN 39142 1285 8 is be VBZ 39142 1285 9 an an DT 39142 1285 10 extremely extremely RB 39142 1285 11 powerful powerful JJ 39142 1285 12 electro electro JJ 39142 1285 13 - - HYPH 39142 1285 14 magnet magnet NN 39142 1285 15 , , , 39142 1285 16 designed design VBN 39142 1285 17 by by IN 39142 1285 18 Anderson Anderson NNP 39142 1285 19 for for IN 39142 1285 20 the the DT 39142 1285 21 extension extension NN 39142 1285 22 of of IN 39142 1285 23 researches research NNS 39142 1285 24 on on IN 39142 1285 25 the the DT 39142 1285 26 Zeeman Zeeman NNP 39142 1285 27 effect effect NN 39142 1285 28 , , , 39142 1285 29 and and CC 39142 1285 30 for for IN 39142 1285 31 other other JJ 39142 1285 32 related related JJ 39142 1285 33 investigations investigation NNS 39142 1285 34 . . . 39142 1286 1 Within within IN 39142 1286 2 the the DT 39142 1286 3 large large JJ 39142 1286 4 and and CC 39142 1286 5 uniform uniform JJ 39142 1286 6 field field NN 39142 1286 7 of of IN 39142 1286 8 this this DT 39142 1286 9 magnet magnet NN 39142 1286 10 , , , 39142 1286 11 which which WDT 39142 1286 12 is be VBZ 39142 1286 13 built build VBN 39142 1286 14 in in IN 39142 1286 15 the the DT 39142 1286 16 form form NN 39142 1286 17 of of IN 39142 1286 18 a a DT 39142 1286 19 solenoid solenoid NN 39142 1286 20 , , , 39142 1286 21 a a DT 39142 1286 22 special special JJ 39142 1286 23 electric electric JJ 39142 1286 24 furnace furnace NN 39142 1286 25 , , , 39142 1286 26 designed design VBN 39142 1286 27 for for IN 39142 1286 28 this this DT 39142 1286 29 purpose purpose NN 39142 1286 30 by by IN 39142 1286 31 King King NNP 39142 1286 32 , , , 39142 1286 33 is be VBZ 39142 1286 34 used use VBN 39142 1286 35 for for IN 39142 1286 36 the the DT 39142 1286 37 study study NN 39142 1286 38 of of IN 39142 1286 39 the the DT 39142 1286 40 inverse inverse NN 39142 1286 41 Zeeman Zeeman NNP 39142 1286 42 effect effect NN 39142 1286 43 at at IN 39142 1286 44 various various JJ 39142 1286 45 angles angle NNS 39142 1286 46 with with IN 39142 1286 47 the the DT 39142 1286 48 lines line NNS 39142 1286 49 of of IN 39142 1286 50 force force NN 39142 1286 51 . . . 39142 1287 1 This this DT 39142 1287 2 will will MD 39142 1287 3 provide provide VB 39142 1287 4 the the DT 39142 1287 5 means mean NNS 39142 1287 6 of of IN 39142 1287 7 interpreting interpret VBG 39142 1287 8 certain certain JJ 39142 1287 9 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 1287 10 anomalies anomaly NNS 39142 1287 11 in in IN 39142 1287 12 the the DT 39142 1287 13 magnetic magnetic JJ 39142 1287 14 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 1287 15 of of IN 39142 1287 16 sun sun NN 39142 1287 17 spots spot NNS 39142 1287 18 . . . 39142 1288 1 The the DT 39142 1288 2 100-inch 100-inch CD 39142 1288 3 telescope telescope NN 39142 1288 4 is be VBZ 39142 1288 5 now now RB 39142 1288 6 in in IN 39142 1288 7 regular regular JJ 39142 1288 8 use use NN 39142 1288 9 . . . 39142 1289 1 All all PDT 39142 1289 2 the the DT 39142 1289 3 tests test NNS 39142 1289 4 so so RB 39142 1289 5 far far RB 39142 1289 6 applied applied JJ 39142 1289 7 show show NN 39142 1289 8 that that IN 39142 1289 9 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1289 10 greatly greatly RB 39142 1289 11 surpasses surpass VBZ 39142 1289 12 the the DT 39142 1289 13 60-inch 60-inch CD 39142 1289 14 telescope telescope NN 39142 1289 15 in in IN 39142 1289 16 every every DT 39142 1289 17 class class NN 39142 1289 18 of of IN 39142 1289 19 work work NN 39142 1289 20 . . . 39142 1290 1 For for IN 39142 1290 2 many many JJ 39142 1290 3 months month NNS 39142 1290 4 most most JJS 39142 1290 5 of of IN 39142 1290 6 the the DT 39142 1290 7 observations observation NNS 39142 1290 8 and and CC 39142 1290 9 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1290 10 have have VBP 39142 1290 11 been be VBN 39142 1290 12 made make VBN 39142 1290 13 with with IN 39142 1290 14 the the DT 39142 1290 15 Cassegrain Cassegrain NNP 39142 1290 16 combination combination NN 39142 1290 17 of of IN 39142 1290 18 mirrors mirror NNS 39142 1290 19 , , , 39142 1290 20 giving give VBG 39142 1290 21 an an DT 39142 1290 22 equivalent equivalent JJ 39142 1290 23 focal focal JJ 39142 1290 24 length length NN 39142 1290 25 of of IN 39142 1290 26 134 134 CD 39142 1290 27 feet foot NNS 39142 1290 28 and and CC 39142 1290 29 involving involve VBG 39142 1290 30 three three CD 39142 1290 31 reflections reflection NNS 39142 1290 32 of of IN 39142 1290 33 light light NN 39142 1290 34 . . . 39142 1291 1 The the DT 39142 1291 2 100-inch 100-inch CD 39142 1291 3 telescope telescope NN 39142 1291 4 is be VBZ 39142 1291 5 found find VBN 39142 1291 6 to to TO 39142 1291 7 give give VB 39142 1291 8 nearly nearly RB 39142 1291 9 2.8 2.8 CD 39142 1291 10 times time NNS 39142 1291 11 as as RB 39142 1291 12 much much JJ 39142 1291 13 light light NN 39142 1291 14 as as IN 39142 1291 15 the the DT 39142 1291 16 60-inch 60-inch CD 39142 1291 17 telescope telescope NN 39142 1291 18 , , , 39142 1291 19 and and CC 39142 1291 20 therefore therefore RB 39142 1291 21 extends extend VBZ 39142 1291 22 the the DT 39142 1291 23 scope scope NN 39142 1291 24 of of IN 39142 1291 25 the the DT 39142 1291 26 instrument instrument NN 39142 1291 27 to to IN 39142 1291 28 all all PDT 39142 1291 29 the the DT 39142 1291 30 stars star NNS 39142 1291 31 an an DT 39142 1291 32 entire entire JJ 39142 1291 33 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 1291 34 fainter fainter NN 39142 1291 35 . . . 39142 1292 1 This this DT 39142 1292 2 is be VBZ 39142 1292 3 a a DT 39142 1292 4 very very RB 39142 1292 5 important important JJ 39142 1292 6 gain gain NN 39142 1292 7 for for IN 39142 1292 8 research research NN 39142 1292 9 on on IN 39142 1292 10 the the DT 39142 1292 11 faint faint JJ 39142 1292 12 globular globular JJ 39142 1292 13 clusters cluster NNS 39142 1292 14 , , , 39142 1292 15 as as RB 39142 1292 16 well well RB 39142 1292 17 as as IN 39142 1292 18 the the DT 39142 1292 19 small small JJ 39142 1292 20 and and CC 39142 1292 21 faint faint JJ 39142 1292 22 spiral spiral NN 39142 1292 23 and and CC 39142 1292 24 planetary planetary NN 39142 1292 25 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 1292 26 , , , 39142 1292 27 providing provide VBG 39142 1292 28 a a DT 39142 1292 29 much much RB 39142 1292 30 larger large JJR 39142 1292 31 scale scale NN 39142 1292 32 for for IN 39142 1292 33 these these DT 39142 1292 34 objects object NNS 39142 1292 35 and and CC 39142 1292 36 sufficient sufficient JJ 39142 1292 37 light light NN 39142 1292 38 at at IN 39142 1292 39 the the DT 39142 1292 40 same same JJ 39142 1292 41 time time NN 39142 1292 42 . . . 39142 1293 1 Photographs photograph NNS 39142 1293 2 of of IN 39142 1293 3 the the DT 39142 1293 4 moon moon NN 39142 1293 5 and and CC 39142 1293 6 many many JJ 39142 1293 7 other other JJ 39142 1293 8 less less RBR 39142 1293 9 critical critical JJ 39142 1293 10 tests test NNS 39142 1293 11 have have VBP 39142 1293 12 been be VBN 39142 1293 13 made make VBN 39142 1293 14 with with IN 39142 1293 15 very very RB 39142 1293 16 satisfactory satisfactory JJ 39142 1293 17 results result NNS 39142 1293 18 . . . 39142 1294 1 Those those DT 39142 1294 2 of of IN 39142 1294 3 the the DT 39142 1294 4 moon moon NN 39142 1294 5 appear appear VBP 39142 1294 6 to to TO 39142 1294 7 be be VB 39142 1294 8 decidedly decidedly RB 39142 1294 9 superior superior JJ 39142 1294 10 in in IN 39142 1294 11 definition definition NN 39142 1294 12 to to IN 39142 1294 13 any any DT 39142 1294 14 previously previously RB 39142 1294 15 taken take VBN 39142 1294 16 with with IN 39142 1294 17 other other JJ 39142 1294 18 instruments instrument NNS 39142 1294 19 . . . 39142 1295 1 Another another DT 39142 1295 2 investigation investigation NN 39142 1295 3 is be VBZ 39142 1295 4 of of IN 39142 1295 5 great great JJ 39142 1295 6 importance importance NN 39142 1295 7 in in IN 39142 1295 8 the the DT 39142 1295 9 light light NN 39142 1295 10 of of IN 39142 1295 11 recent recent JJ 39142 1295 12 advances advance NNS 39142 1295 13 in in IN 39142 1295 14 theoretical theoretical JJ 39142 1295 15 dynamics dynamic NNS 39142 1295 16 . . . 39142 1296 1 Darwin Darwin NNP 39142 1296 2 , , , 39142 1296 3 in in IN 39142 1296 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1296 5 fundamental fundamental JJ 39142 1296 6 researches research NNS 39142 1296 7 on on IN 39142 1296 8 the the DT 39142 1296 9 dynamics dynamic NNS 39142 1296 10 of of IN 39142 1296 11 rotating rotate VBG 39142 1296 12 masses masse NNS 39142 1296 13 , , , 39142 1296 14 dealt deal VBD 39142 1296 15 with with IN 39142 1296 16 incompressible incompressible JJ 39142 1296 17 matter matter NN 39142 1296 18 , , , 39142 1296 19 which which WDT 39142 1296 20 assumes assume VBZ 39142 1296 21 the the DT 39142 1296 22 well well RB 39142 1296 23 - - HYPH 39142 1296 24 known know VBN 39142 1296 25 pear pear NN 39142 1296 26 - - HYPH 39142 1296 27 shaped shape VBN 39142 1296 28 figure figure NN 39142 1296 29 , , , 39142 1296 30 and and CC 39142 1296 31 may may MD 39142 1296 32 ultimately ultimately RB 39142 1296 33 separate separate VB 39142 1296 34 into into IN 39142 1296 35 two two CD 39142 1296 36 bodies body NNS 39142 1296 37 . . . 39142 1297 1 Roche Roche NNP 39142 1297 2 on on IN 39142 1297 3 the the DT 39142 1297 4 other other JJ 39142 1297 5 hand hand NN 39142 1297 6 discussed discuss VBD 39142 1297 7 the the DT 39142 1297 8 evolution evolution NN 39142 1297 9 of of IN 39142 1297 10 a a DT 39142 1297 11 highly highly RB 39142 1297 12 compressible compressible JJ 39142 1297 13 mass mass NN 39142 1297 14 , , , 39142 1297 15 which which WDT 39142 1297 16 finally finally RB 39142 1297 17 acquires acquire VBZ 39142 1297 18 a a DT 39142 1297 19 lens lens NN 39142 1297 20 - - HYPH 39142 1297 21 shaped shape VBN 39142 1297 22 form form NN 39142 1297 23 and and CC 39142 1297 24 ejects eject VBZ 39142 1297 25 matter matter NN 39142 1297 26 at at IN 39142 1297 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1297 28 periphery periphery NN 39142 1297 29 . . . 39142 1298 1 Both both DT 39142 1298 2 of of IN 39142 1298 3 these these DT 39142 1298 4 are be VBP 39142 1298 5 extreme extreme JJ 39142 1298 6 cases case NNS 39142 1298 7 . . . 39142 1299 1 Jeans Jeans NNPS 39142 1299 2 has have VBZ 39142 1299 3 recently recently RB 39142 1299 4 dealt deal VBN 39142 1299 5 with with IN 39142 1299 6 intermediate intermediate JJ 39142 1299 7 cases case NNS 39142 1299 8 , , , 39142 1299 9 such such JJ 39142 1299 10 as as IN 39142 1299 11 are be VBP 39142 1299 12 actually actually RB 39142 1299 13 encountered encounter VBN 39142 1299 14 in in IN 39142 1299 15 stars star NNS 39142 1299 16 and and CC 39142 1299 17 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 1299 18 . . . 39142 1300 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 1300 2 finds find VBZ 39142 1300 3 that that IN 39142 1300 4 when when WRB 39142 1300 5 the the DT 39142 1300 6 density density NN 39142 1300 7 is be VBZ 39142 1300 8 less less JJR 39142 1300 9 than than IN 39142 1300 10 about about RB 39142 1300 11 one one CD 39142 1300 12 - - HYPH 39142 1300 13 fourth fourth NN 39142 1300 14 that that DT 39142 1300 15 of of IN 39142 1300 16 water water NN 39142 1300 17 , , , 39142 1300 18 a a DT 39142 1300 19 lens lens NN 39142 1300 20 - - HYPH 39142 1300 21 shaped shape VBN 39142 1300 22 figure figure NN 39142 1300 23 will will MD 39142 1300 24 be be VB 39142 1300 25 produced produce VBN 39142 1300 26 with with IN 39142 1300 27 sharp sharp JJ 39142 1300 28 edges edge NNS 39142 1300 29 , , , 39142 1300 30 as as IN 39142 1300 31 depicted depict VBN 39142 1300 32 by by IN 39142 1300 33 Roche Roche NNP 39142 1300 34 . . . 39142 1301 1 Matter Matter NNP 39142 1301 2 thrown throw VBN 39142 1301 3 off off RP 39142 1301 4 at at IN 39142 1301 5 opposite opposite JJ 39142 1301 6 points point NNS 39142 1301 7 on on IN 39142 1301 8 the the DT 39142 1301 9 periphery periphery NN 39142 1301 10 , , , 39142 1301 11 under under IN 39142 1301 12 the the DT 39142 1301 13 influence influence NN 39142 1301 14 of of IN 39142 1301 15 small small JJ 39142 1301 16 tidal tidal JJ 39142 1301 17 forces force NNS 39142 1301 18 from from IN 39142 1301 19 neighboring neighboring NN 39142 1301 20 masses masse NNS 39142 1301 21 , , , 39142 1301 22 may may MD 39142 1301 23 take take VB 39142 1301 24 the the DT 39142 1301 25 form form NN 39142 1301 26 of of IN 39142 1301 27 two two CD 39142 1301 28 symmetric symmetric JJ 39142 1301 29 filaments filament NNS 39142 1301 30 , , , 39142 1301 31 though though IN 39142 1301 32 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1301 33 is be VBZ 39142 1301 34 not not RB 39142 1301 35 yet yet RB 39142 1301 36 entirely entirely RB 39142 1301 37 clear clear JJ 39142 1301 38 how how WRB 39142 1301 39 these these DT 39142 1301 40 may may MD 39142 1301 41 attain attain VB 39142 1301 42 the the DT 39142 1301 43 characteristic characteristic JJ 39142 1301 44 configuration configuration NN 39142 1301 45 of of IN 39142 1301 46 spiral spiral JJ 39142 1301 47 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 1301 48 . . . 39142 1302 1 The the DT 39142 1302 2 preliminary preliminary JJ 39142 1302 3 results result NNS 39142 1302 4 of of IN 39142 1302 5 Van Van NNP 39142 1302 6 Maanen Maanen NNP 39142 1302 7 indicate indicate VBP 39142 1302 8 motion motion NN 39142 1302 9 outward outward RB 39142 1302 10 along along IN 39142 1302 11 the the DT 39142 1302 12 arms arm NNS 39142 1302 13 , , , 39142 1302 14 in in IN 39142 1302 15 harmony harmony NN 39142 1302 16 with with IN 39142 1302 17 Jeans Jeans NNPS 39142 1302 18 's 's POS 39142 1302 19 views view NNS 39142 1302 20 . . . 39142 1303 1 Jeans Jeans NNPS 39142 1303 2 further further RB 39142 1303 3 discusses discuss VBZ 39142 1303 4 the the DT 39142 1303 5 evolution evolution NN 39142 1303 6 of of IN 39142 1303 7 the the DT 39142 1303 8 arms arm NNS 39142 1303 9 , , , 39142 1303 10 which which WDT 39142 1303 11 will will MD 39142 1303 12 break break VB 39142 1303 13 up up RP 39142 1303 14 into into IN 39142 1303 15 nuclei nucleus NNS 39142 1303 16 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1303 17 of of IN 39142 1303 18 the the DT 39142 1303 19 order order NN 39142 1303 20 of of IN 39142 1303 21 mass mass NN 39142 1303 22 of of IN 39142 1303 23 the the DT 39142 1303 24 sun sun NN 39142 1303 25 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1303 26 if if IN 39142 1303 27 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1303 28 are be VBP 39142 1303 29 sufficiently sufficiently RB 39142 1303 30 massive massive JJ 39142 1303 31 , , , 39142 1303 32 but but CC 39142 1303 33 will will MD 39142 1303 34 diffuse diffuse VB 39142 1303 35 away away RB 39142 1303 36 if if IN 39142 1303 37 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1303 38 gravitational gravitational JJ 39142 1303 39 attraction attraction NN 39142 1303 40 is be VBZ 39142 1303 41 small small JJ 39142 1303 42 . . . 39142 1304 1 The the DT 39142 1304 2 mass mass NN 39142 1304 3 of of IN 39142 1304 4 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1304 5 solar solar JJ 39142 1304 6 system system NN 39142 1304 7 is be VBZ 39142 1304 8 apparently apparently RB 39142 1304 9 not not RB 39142 1304 10 great great JJ 39142 1304 11 enough enough RB 39142 1304 12 , , , 39142 1304 13 according accord VBG 39142 1304 14 to to IN 39142 1304 15 Jeans Jeans NNPS 39142 1304 16 , , , 39142 1304 17 to to TO 39142 1304 18 account account VB 39142 1304 19 for for IN 39142 1304 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1304 21 formation formation NN 39142 1304 22 in in IN 39142 1304 23 this this DT 39142 1304 24 way way NN 39142 1304 25 . . . 39142 1305 1 As as IN 39142 1305 2 is be VBZ 39142 1305 3 apparent apparent JJ 39142 1305 4 , , , 39142 1305 5 these these DT 39142 1305 6 investigations investigation NNS 39142 1305 7 lead lead VBP 39142 1305 8 to to IN 39142 1305 9 conclusions conclusion NNS 39142 1305 10 very very RB 39142 1305 11 different different JJ 39142 1305 12 from from IN 39142 1305 13 those those DT 39142 1305 14 derived derive VBN 39142 1305 15 by by IN 39142 1305 16 Chamberlin Chamberlin NNP 39142 1305 17 and and CC 39142 1305 18 Moulton Moulton NNP 39142 1305 19 from from IN 39142 1305 20 the the DT 39142 1305 21 planetesimal planetesimal NN 39142 1305 22 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 1305 23 . . . 39142 1306 1 This this DT 39142 1306 2 is be VBZ 39142 1306 3 a a DT 39142 1306 4 critical critical JJ 39142 1306 5 study study NN 39142 1306 6 of of IN 39142 1306 7 spiral spiral JJ 39142 1306 8 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 1306 9 for for IN 39142 1306 10 which which WDT 39142 1306 11 the the DT 39142 1306 12 100-inch 100-inch CD 39142 1306 13 telescope telescope NN 39142 1306 14 is be VBZ 39142 1306 15 of of IN 39142 1306 16 all all DT 39142 1306 17 instruments instrument NNS 39142 1306 18 in in IN 39142 1306 19 existence existence NN 39142 1306 20 the the DT 39142 1306 21 best well RBS 39142 1306 22 suited suited JJ 39142 1306 23 . . . 39142 1307 1 The the DT 39142 1307 2 spectra spectra NN 39142 1307 3 of of IN 39142 1307 4 the the DT 39142 1307 5 spirals spiral NNS 39142 1307 6 must must MD 39142 1307 7 be be VB 39142 1307 8 studied study VBN 39142 1307 9 , , , 39142 1307 10 as as RB 39142 1307 11 well well RB 39142 1307 12 as as IN 39142 1307 13 the the DT 39142 1307 14 motions motion NNS 39142 1307 15 of of IN 39142 1307 16 the the DT 39142 1307 17 matter matter NN 39142 1307 18 composing compose VBG 39142 1307 19 the the DT 39142 1307 20 arms arm NNS 39142 1307 21 . . . 39142 1308 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1308 2 parallaxes parallax NNS 39142 1308 3 , , , 39142 1308 4 too too RB 39142 1308 5 , , , 39142 1308 6 must must MD 39142 1308 7 be be VB 39142 1308 8 ascertained ascertain VBN 39142 1308 9 . . . 39142 1309 1 A a DT 39142 1309 2 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1309 3 campaign campaign NN 39142 1309 4 including include VBG 39142 1309 5 spiral spiral JJ 39142 1309 6 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 1309 7 of of IN 39142 1309 8 various various JJ 39142 1309 9 types type NNS 39142 1309 10 will will MD 39142 1309 11 settle settle VB 39142 1309 12 the the DT 39142 1309 13 question question NN 39142 1309 14 of of IN 39142 1309 15 internal internal JJ 39142 1309 16 motions motion NNS 39142 1309 17 . . . 39142 1310 1 The the DT 39142 1310 2 large large JJ 39142 1310 3 scale scale NN 39142 1310 4 of of IN 39142 1310 5 the the DT 39142 1310 6 spiral spiral JJ 39142 1310 7 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 1310 8 at at IN 39142 1310 9 the the DT 39142 1310 10 principal principal JJ 39142 1310 11 focus focus NN 39142 1310 12 of of IN 39142 1310 13 the the DT 39142 1310 14 Hooker Hooker NNP 39142 1310 15 telescope telescope NN 39142 1310 16 , , , 39142 1310 17 and and CC 39142 1310 18 the the DT 39142 1310 19 experience experience NN 39142 1310 20 gained gain VBN 39142 1310 21 in in IN 39142 1310 22 the the DT 39142 1310 23 measurement measurement NN 39142 1310 24 of of IN 39142 1310 25 nebular nebular JJ 39142 1310 26 nuclei nucleus NNS 39142 1310 27 for for IN 39142 1310 28 parallax parallax NN 39142 1310 29 determination determination NN 39142 1310 30 , , , 39142 1310 31 will will MD 39142 1310 32 help help VB 39142 1310 33 greatly greatly RB 39142 1310 34 in in IN 39142 1310 35 this this DT 39142 1310 36 research research NN 39142 1310 37 . . . 39142 1311 1 A a DT 39142 1311 2 multiple multiple JJ 39142 1311 3 - - HYPH 39142 1311 4 slit slit NN 39142 1311 5 spectrograph spectrograph NN 39142 1311 6 , , , 39142 1311 7 already already RB 39142 1311 8 applied apply VBN 39142 1311 9 at at IN 39142 1311 10 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1311 11 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 1311 12 , , , 39142 1311 13 will will MD 39142 1311 14 be be VB 39142 1311 15 employed employ VBN 39142 1311 16 , , , 39142 1311 17 not not RB 39142 1311 18 only only RB 39142 1311 19 on on IN 39142 1311 20 spiral spiral JJ 39142 1311 21 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 1311 22 whose whose WP$ 39142 1311 23 plane plane NN 39142 1311 24 is be VBZ 39142 1311 25 directed direct VBN 39142 1311 26 toward toward IN 39142 1311 27 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1311 28 , , , 39142 1311 29 but but CC 39142 1311 30 also also RB 39142 1311 31 on on IN 39142 1311 32 those those DT 39142 1311 33 whose whose WP$ 39142 1311 34 plane plane NN 39142 1311 35 lies lie VBZ 39142 1311 36 at at IN 39142 1311 37 an an DT 39142 1311 38 angle angle NN 39142 1311 39 sufficient sufficient JJ 39142 1311 40 to to TO 39142 1311 41 permit permit VB 39142 1311 42 both both DT 39142 1311 43 components component NNS 39142 1311 44 of of IN 39142 1311 45 motion motion NN 39142 1311 46 to to TO 39142 1311 47 be be VB 39142 1311 48 measured measure VBN 39142 1311 49 by by IN 39142 1311 50 the the DT 39142 1311 51 two two CD 39142 1311 52 methods method NNS 39142 1311 53 . . . 39142 1312 1 In in IN 39142 1312 2 dealing deal VBG 39142 1312 3 with with IN 39142 1312 4 problems problem NNS 39142 1312 5 of of IN 39142 1312 6 structure structure NN 39142 1312 7 and and CC 39142 1312 8 motion motion NN 39142 1312 9 in in IN 39142 1312 10 the the DT 39142 1312 11 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 1312 12 system system NN 39142 1312 13 , , , 39142 1312 14 the the DT 39142 1312 15 100-inch 100-inch CD 39142 1312 16 telescope telescope NN 39142 1312 17 offers offer VBZ 39142 1312 18 especial especial JJ 39142 1312 19 advantages advantage NNS 39142 1312 20 , , , 39142 1312 21 because because IN 39142 1312 22 of of IN 39142 1312 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1312 24 vast vast JJ 39142 1312 25 light light NN 39142 1312 26 - - HYPH 39142 1312 27 gathering gather VBG 39142 1312 28 power power NN 39142 1312 29 . . . 39142 1313 1 Studies study NNS 39142 1313 2 of of IN 39142 1313 3 radial radial JJ 39142 1313 4 velocities velocity NNS 39142 1313 5 of of IN 39142 1313 6 the the DT 39142 1313 7 stars star NNS 39142 1313 8 have have VBP 39142 1313 9 hitherto hitherto VBN 39142 1313 10 been be VBN 39142 1313 11 necessarily necessarily RB 39142 1313 12 confined confine VBN 39142 1313 13 to to IN 39142 1313 14 the the DT 39142 1313 15 brighter bright JJR 39142 1313 16 stars star NNS 39142 1313 17 , , , 39142 1313 18 for for IN 39142 1313 19 the the DT 39142 1313 20 most most JJS 39142 1313 21 part part NN 39142 1313 22 even even RB 39142 1313 23 to to IN 39142 1313 24 those those DT 39142 1313 25 visible visible JJ 39142 1313 26 to to IN 39142 1313 27 the the DT 39142 1313 28 naked naked JJ 39142 1313 29 eye eye NN 39142 1313 30 . . . 39142 1314 1 While while IN 39142 1314 2 some some DT 39142 1314 3 of of IN 39142 1314 4 these these DT 39142 1314 5 are be VBP 39142 1314 6 very very RB 39142 1314 7 distant distant JJ 39142 1314 8 , , , 39142 1314 9 most most JJS 39142 1314 10 of of IN 39142 1314 11 the the DT 39142 1314 12 stars star NNS 39142 1314 13 whose whose WP$ 39142 1314 14 radial radial JJ 39142 1314 15 velocities velocity NNS 39142 1314 16 are be VBP 39142 1314 17 known know VBN 39142 1314 18 belong belong VBP 39142 1314 19 to to IN 39142 1314 20 a a DT 39142 1314 21 very very RB 39142 1314 22 limited limited JJ 39142 1314 23 group group NN 39142 1314 24 , , , 39142 1314 25 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 1314 26 constituting constitute VBG 39142 1314 27 a a DT 39142 1314 28 distinct distinct JJ 39142 1314 29 cluster cluster NN 39142 1314 30 of of IN 39142 1314 31 which which WDT 39142 1314 32 the the DT 39142 1314 33 sun sun NN 39142 1314 34 is be VBZ 39142 1314 35 a a DT 39142 1314 36 member member NN 39142 1314 37 , , , 39142 1314 38 but but CC 39142 1314 39 in in IN 39142 1314 40 any any DT 39142 1314 41 event event NN 39142 1314 42 of of IN 39142 1314 43 insignificant insignificant JJ 39142 1314 44 proportions proportion NNS 39142 1314 45 when when WRB 39142 1314 46 contrasted contrast VBN 39142 1314 47 with with IN 39142 1314 48 the the DT 39142 1314 49 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 1314 50 . . . 39142 1315 1 Current current JJ 39142 1315 2 spectrographic spectrographic JJ 39142 1315 3 work work NN 39142 1315 4 with with IN 39142 1315 5 the the DT 39142 1315 6 60-inch 60-inch CD 39142 1315 7 telescope telescope NN 39142 1315 8 includes include VBZ 39142 1315 9 stars star NNS 39142 1315 10 of of IN 39142 1315 11 the the DT 39142 1315 12 eighth eighth JJ 39142 1315 13 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 1315 14 , , , 39142 1315 15 and and CC 39142 1315 16 some some DT 39142 1315 17 even even RB 39142 1315 18 fainter fainter NN 39142 1315 19 . . . 39142 1316 1 But but CC 39142 1316 2 while while IN 39142 1316 3 the the DT 39142 1316 4 60-inch 60-inch CD 39142 1316 5 has have VBZ 39142 1316 6 enabled enable VBN 39142 1316 7 Adams Adams NNP 39142 1316 8 to to TO 39142 1316 9 measure measure VB 39142 1316 10 the the DT 39142 1316 11 distances distance NNS 39142 1316 12 of of IN 39142 1316 13 many many JJ 39142 1316 14 remote remote JJ 39142 1316 15 stars star NNS 39142 1316 16 by by IN 39142 1316 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1316 18 new new JJ 39142 1316 19 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 1316 20 method method NN 39142 1316 21 , , , 39142 1316 22 and and CC 39142 1316 23 to to TO 39142 1316 24 double double VB 39142 1316 25 the the DT 39142 1316 26 known know VBN 39142 1316 27 extent extent NN 39142 1316 28 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1316 29 so so RB 39142 1316 30 far far RB 39142 1316 31 as as IN 39142 1316 32 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 1316 33 evidence evidence NN 39142 1316 34 is be VBZ 39142 1316 35 concerned concern VBN 39142 1316 36 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1316 37 of of IN 39142 1316 38 the the DT 39142 1316 39 star star NN 39142 1316 40 streams stream NNS 39142 1316 41 of of IN 39142 1316 42 Kapteyn Kapteyn NNP 39142 1316 43 , , , 39142 1316 44 a a DT 39142 1316 45 much much RB 39142 1316 46 greater great JJR 39142 1316 47 advance advance NN 39142 1316 48 into into IN 39142 1316 49 space space NN 39142 1316 50 is be VBZ 39142 1316 51 necessary necessary JJ 39142 1316 52 to to TO 39142 1316 53 find find VB 39142 1316 54 out out RP 39142 1316 55 the the DT 39142 1316 56 community community NN 39142 1316 57 of of IN 39142 1316 58 motion motion NN 39142 1316 59 among among IN 39142 1316 60 the the DT 39142 1316 61 stars star NNS 39142 1316 62 comprising comprise VBG 39142 1316 63 the the DT 39142 1316 64 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 1316 65 system system NN 39142 1316 66 . . . 39142 1317 1 The the DT 39142 1317 2 Hooker Hooker NNP 39142 1317 3 telescope telescope NN 39142 1317 4 will will MD 39142 1317 5 enable enable VB 39142 1317 6 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1317 7 to to TO 39142 1317 8 determine determine VB 39142 1317 9 accurate accurate JJ 39142 1317 10 radial radial JJ 39142 1317 11 velocities velocity NNS 39142 1317 12 to to IN 39142 1317 13 stars star NNS 39142 1317 14 of of IN 39142 1317 15 the the DT 39142 1317 16 eleventh eleventh JJ 39142 1317 17 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 1317 18 , , , 39142 1317 19 which which WDT 39142 1317 20 doubtless doubtless RB 39142 1317 21 truly truly RB 39142 1317 22 represent represent VBP 39142 1317 23 the the DT 39142 1317 24 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 1317 25 . . . 39142 1318 1 In in IN 39142 1318 2 order order NN 39142 1318 3 to to TO 39142 1318 4 secure secure VB 39142 1318 5 a a DT 39142 1318 6 maximum maximum JJ 39142 1318 7 return return NN 39142 1318 8 within within IN 39142 1318 9 a a DT 39142 1318 10 reasonable reasonable JJ 39142 1318 11 period period NN 39142 1318 12 of of IN 39142 1318 13 time time NN 39142 1318 14 , , , 39142 1318 15 the the DT 39142 1318 16 stars star NNS 39142 1318 17 in in IN 39142 1318 18 the the DT 39142 1318 19 selected select VBN 39142 1318 20 areas area NNS 39142 1318 21 of of IN 39142 1318 22 Kapteyn Kapteyn NNP 39142 1318 23 will will MD 39142 1318 24 be be VB 39142 1318 25 given give VBN 39142 1318 26 the the DT 39142 1318 27 preference preference NN 39142 1318 28 , , , 39142 1318 29 because because IN 39142 1318 30 of of IN 39142 1318 31 the the DT 39142 1318 32 vast vast JJ 39142 1318 33 amount amount NN 39142 1318 34 of of IN 39142 1318 35 work work NN 39142 1318 36 already already RB 39142 1318 37 done do VBN 39142 1318 38 , , , 39142 1318 39 relating relate VBG 39142 1318 40 to to IN 39142 1318 41 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1318 42 positions position NNS 39142 1318 43 , , , 39142 1318 44 proper proper JJ 39142 1318 45 motions motion NNS 39142 1318 46 , , , 39142 1318 47 and and CC 39142 1318 48 visual visual JJ 39142 1318 49 and and CC 39142 1318 50 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1318 51 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 1318 52 . . . 39142 1319 1 Such such JJ 39142 1319 2 consideration consideration NN 39142 1319 3 as as IN 39142 1319 4 spectral spectral JJ 39142 1319 5 type type NN 39142 1319 6 , , , 39142 1319 7 the the DT 39142 1319 8 known know VBN 39142 1319 9 directions direction NNS 39142 1319 10 of of IN 39142 1319 11 star star NN 39142 1319 12 - - HYPH 39142 1319 13 streaming streaming NN 39142 1319 14 , , , 39142 1319 15 and and CC 39142 1319 16 the the DT 39142 1319 17 position position NN 39142 1319 18 of of IN 39142 1319 19 the the DT 39142 1319 20 chosen choose VBN 39142 1319 21 regions region NNS 39142 1319 22 with with IN 39142 1319 23 reference reference NN 39142 1319 24 to to IN 39142 1319 25 the the DT 39142 1319 26 plane plane NN 39142 1319 27 of of IN 39142 1319 28 the the DT 39142 1319 29 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 1319 30 are be VBP 39142 1319 31 given give VBN 39142 1319 32 adequate adequate JJ 39142 1319 33 weight weight NN 39142 1319 34 , , , 39142 1319 35 and and CC 39142 1319 36 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1319 37 is be VBZ 39142 1319 38 of of IN 39142 1319 39 fundamental fundamental JJ 39142 1319 40 importance importance NN 39142 1319 41 that that IN 39142 1319 42 the the DT 39142 1319 43 method method NN 39142 1319 44 of of IN 39142 1319 45 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 1319 46 parallaxes parallax NNS 39142 1319 47 will will MD 39142 1319 48 permit permit VB 39142 1319 49 dwarf dwarf NN 39142 1319 50 stars star NNS 39142 1319 51 to to TO 39142 1319 52 be be VB 39142 1319 53 distinguished distinguish VBN 39142 1319 54 from from IN 39142 1319 55 stars star NNS 39142 1319 56 that that WDT 39142 1319 57 are be VBP 39142 1319 58 in in IN 39142 1319 59 the the DT 39142 1319 60 giant giant JJ 39142 1319 61 class class NN 39142 1319 62 , , , 39142 1319 63 but but CC 39142 1319 64 rendered render VBN 39142 1319 65 faint faint JJ 39142 1319 66 by by IN 39142 1319 67 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1319 68 much much RB 39142 1319 69 greater great JJR 39142 1319 70 distance distance NN 39142 1319 71 . . . 39142 1320 1 In in IN 39142 1320 2 addition addition NN 39142 1320 3 to to IN 39142 1320 4 these these DT 39142 1320 5 problems problem NNS 39142 1320 6 , , , 39142 1320 7 the the DT 39142 1320 8 stellar stellar JJ 39142 1320 9 spectrograms spectrogram NNS 39142 1320 10 will will MD 39142 1320 11 provide provide VB 39142 1320 12 rich rich JJ 39142 1320 13 material material NN 39142 1320 14 for for IN 39142 1320 15 study study NN 39142 1320 16 of of IN 39142 1320 17 the the DT 39142 1320 18 relationship relationship NN 39142 1320 19 between between IN 39142 1320 20 stellar stellar JJ 39142 1320 21 mass mass NN 39142 1320 22 and and CC 39142 1320 23 speed speed NN 39142 1320 24 , , , 39142 1320 25 and and CC 39142 1320 26 the the DT 39142 1320 27 nature nature NN 39142 1320 28 of of IN 39142 1320 29 giant giant JJ 39142 1320 30 stars star NNS 39142 1320 31 and and CC 39142 1320 32 dwarf dwarf NN 39142 1320 33 stars star NNS 39142 1320 34 . . . 39142 1321 1 Shapley Shapley NNP 39142 1321 2 's 's POS 39142 1321 3 recent recent JJ 39142 1321 4 studies study NNS 39142 1321 5 of of IN 39142 1321 6 globular globular JJ 39142 1321 7 clusters cluster NNS 39142 1321 8 have have VBP 39142 1321 9 indicated indicate VBN 39142 1321 10 the the DT 39142 1321 11 significance significance NN 39142 1321 12 of of IN 39142 1321 13 these these DT 39142 1321 14 objects object NNS 39142 1321 15 in in IN 39142 1321 16 both both CC 39142 1321 17 evolutional evolutional JJ 39142 1321 18 and and CC 39142 1321 19 structural structural JJ 39142 1321 20 problems problem NNS 39142 1321 21 , , , 39142 1321 22 and and CC 39142 1321 23 the the DT 39142 1321 24 possibility possibility NN 39142 1321 25 of of IN 39142 1321 26 determining determine VBG 39142 1321 27 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1321 28 parallaxes parallax NNS 39142 1321 29 by by IN 39142 1321 30 a a DT 39142 1321 31 number number NN 39142 1321 32 of of IN 39142 1321 33 independent independent JJ 39142 1321 34 methods method NNS 39142 1321 35 is be VBZ 39142 1321 36 of of IN 39142 1321 37 prime prime JJ 39142 1321 38 importance importance NN 39142 1321 39 , , , 39142 1321 40 both both CC 39142 1321 41 in in IN 39142 1321 42 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1321 43 bearing bearing NN 39142 1321 44 on on IN 39142 1321 45 the the DT 39142 1321 46 structure structure NN 39142 1321 47 of of IN 39142 1321 48 the the DT 39142 1321 49 universe universe NN 39142 1321 50 and and CC 39142 1321 51 because because IN 39142 1321 52 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1321 53 permits permit VBZ 39142 1321 54 a a DT 39142 1321 55 host host NN 39142 1321 56 of of IN 39142 1321 57 apparent apparent JJ 39142 1321 58 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 1321 59 to to TO 39142 1321 60 be be VB 39142 1321 61 at at IN 39142 1321 62 once once RB 39142 1321 63 transformed transform VBN 39142 1321 64 into into IN 39142 1321 65 absolute absolute JJ 39142 1321 66 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 1321 67 . . . 39142 1322 1 Here here RB 39142 1322 2 the the DT 39142 1322 3 advantage advantage NN 39142 1322 4 of of IN 39142 1322 5 the the DT 39142 1322 6 Hooker Hooker NNP 39142 1322 7 telescope telescope NN 39142 1322 8 is be VBZ 39142 1322 9 two two CD 39142 1322 10 - - HYPH 39142 1322 11 fold fold RB 39142 1322 12 : : : 39142 1322 13 at at IN 39142 1322 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1322 15 134-foot 134-foot CD 39142 1322 16 focus focus NN 39142 1322 17 the the DT 39142 1322 18 increased increase VBN 39142 1322 19 scale scale NN 39142 1322 20 of of IN 39142 1322 21 the the DT 39142 1322 22 crowded crowd VBN 39142 1322 23 clusters cluster NNS 39142 1322 24 makes make VBZ 39142 1322 25 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1322 26 possible possible JJ 39142 1322 27 to to TO 39142 1322 28 select select VB 39142 1322 29 separate separate JJ 39142 1322 30 stars star NNS 39142 1322 31 for for IN 39142 1322 32 spectrum spectrum NNP 39142 1322 33 photography photography NNP 39142 1322 34 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1322 35 which which WDT 39142 1322 36 could could MD 39142 1322 37 not not RB 39142 1322 38 be be VB 39142 1322 39 done do VBN 39142 1322 40 with with IN 39142 1322 41 the the DT 39142 1322 42 60-inch 60-inch CD 39142 1322 43 where where WRB 39142 1322 44 the the DT 39142 1322 45 images image NNS 39142 1322 46 were be VBD 39142 1322 47 commingled commingle VBN 39142 1322 48 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1322 49 ; ; : 39142 1322 50 and and CC 39142 1322 51 the the DT 39142 1322 52 great great JJ 39142 1322 53 gain gain NN 39142 1322 54 in in IN 39142 1322 55 light light NN 39142 1322 56 is be VBZ 39142 1322 57 such such JJ 39142 1322 58 that that IN 39142 1322 59 the the DT 39142 1322 60 spectra spectra NN 39142 1322 61 of of IN 39142 1322 62 stars star NNS 39142 1322 63 to to IN 39142 1322 64 the the DT 39142 1322 65 14th 14th JJ 39142 1322 66 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 1322 67 have have VBP 39142 1322 68 been be VBN 39142 1322 69 photographed photograph VBN 39142 1322 70 in in IN 39142 1322 71 less less JJR 39142 1322 72 than than IN 39142 1322 73 an an DT 39142 1322 74 hour hour NN 39142 1322 75 . . . 39142 1323 1 Faint faint JJ 39142 1323 2 globular globular JJ 39142 1323 3 clusters cluster NNS 39142 1323 4 , , , 39142 1323 5 then then RB 39142 1323 6 , , , 39142 1323 7 will will MD 39142 1323 8 comprise comprise VB 39142 1323 9 a a DT 39142 1323 10 large large JJ 39142 1323 11 part part NN 39142 1323 12 of of IN 39142 1323 13 the the DT 39142 1323 14 early early JJ 39142 1323 15 program program NN 39142 1323 16 with with IN 39142 1323 17 the the DT 39142 1323 18 100-inch 100-inch CD 39142 1323 19 telescope telescope NN 39142 1323 20 : : : 39142 1323 21 the the DT 39142 1323 22 faintest faint JJS 39142 1323 23 possible possible JJ 39142 1323 24 stars star NNS 39142 1323 25 in in IN 39142 1323 26 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1323 27 must must MD 39142 1323 28 be be VB 39142 1323 29 detected detect VBN 39142 1323 30 and and CC 39142 1323 31 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1323 32 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 1323 33 and and CC 39142 1323 34 colors color NNS 39142 1323 35 measured measure VBN 39142 1323 36 ; ; : 39142 1323 37 spectral spectral JJ 39142 1323 38 types type NNS 39142 1323 39 must must MD 39142 1323 40 be be VB 39142 1323 41 determined determine VBN 39142 1323 42 , , , 39142 1323 43 and and CC 39142 1323 44 the the DT 39142 1323 45 radial radial JJ 39142 1323 46 velocities velocity NNS 39142 1323 47 of of IN 39142 1323 48 individual individual JJ 39142 1323 49 stars star NNS 39142 1323 50 and and CC 39142 1323 51 of of IN 39142 1323 52 clusters cluster NNS 39142 1323 53 as as IN 39142 1323 54 a a DT 39142 1323 55 whole whole JJ 39142 1323 56 ; ; : 39142 1323 57 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 1323 58 evidence evidence NN 39142 1323 59 of of IN 39142 1323 60 possible possible JJ 39142 1323 61 axial axial JJ 39142 1323 62 rotation rotation NN 39142 1323 63 of of IN 39142 1323 64 globular globular JJ 39142 1323 65 clusters cluster NNS 39142 1323 66 must must MD 39142 1323 67 be be VB 39142 1323 68 searched search VBN 39142 1323 69 for for IN 39142 1323 70 ; ; : 39142 1323 71 and and CC 39142 1323 72 the the DT 39142 1323 73 method method NN 39142 1323 74 of of IN 39142 1323 75 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 1323 76 parallaxes parallax NNS 39142 1323 77 , , , 39142 1323 78 as as RB 39142 1323 79 well well RB 39142 1323 80 as as IN 39142 1323 81 other other JJ 39142 1323 82 methods method NNS 39142 1323 83 , , , 39142 1323 84 must must MD 39142 1323 85 be be VB 39142 1323 86 applied apply VBN 39142 1323 87 to to IN 39142 1323 88 ascertaining ascertain VBG 39142 1323 89 the the DT 39142 1323 90 distances distance NNS 39142 1323 91 of of IN 39142 1323 92 these these DT 39142 1323 93 clusters cluster NNS 39142 1323 94 . . . 39142 1324 1 The the DT 39142 1324 2 possibility possibility NN 39142 1324 3 of of IN 39142 1324 4 dealing deal VBG 39142 1324 5 with with IN 39142 1324 6 many many JJ 39142 1324 7 problems problem NNS 39142 1324 8 relating relate VBG 39142 1324 9 to to IN 39142 1324 10 the the DT 39142 1324 11 distribution distribution NN 39142 1324 12 and and CC 39142 1324 13 evolution evolution NN 39142 1324 14 of of IN 39142 1324 15 the the DT 39142 1324 16 faintest faint JJS 39142 1324 17 stars star NNS 39142 1324 18 depends depend VBZ 39142 1324 19 upon upon IN 39142 1324 20 the the DT 39142 1324 21 establishment establishment NN 39142 1324 22 of of IN 39142 1324 23 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1324 24 and and CC 39142 1324 25 photovisual photovisual JJ 39142 1324 26 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 1324 27 scales scale NNS 39142 1324 28 . . . 39142 1325 1 Below below IN 39142 1325 2 the the DT 39142 1325 3 twelfth twelfth JJ 39142 1325 4 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 1325 5 , , , 39142 1325 6 the the DT 39142 1325 7 only only JJ 39142 1325 8 existing exist VBG 39142 1325 9 scale scale NN 39142 1325 10 of of IN 39142 1325 11 standard standard JJ 39142 1325 12 visual visual JJ 39142 1325 13 or or CC 39142 1325 14 photovisual photovisual JJ 39142 1325 15 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 1325 16 is be VBZ 39142 1325 17 the the DT 39142 1325 18 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1325 19 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 1325 20 sequence sequence NN 39142 1325 21 , , , 39142 1325 22 already already RB 39142 1325 23 extended extend VBN 39142 1325 24 by by IN 39142 1325 25 Seares seare NNS 39142 1325 26 to to TO 39142 1325 27 magnitude magnitude VB 39142 1325 28 17.5 17.5 CD 39142 1325 29 with with IN 39142 1325 30 the the DT 39142 1325 31 60-inch 60-inch CD 39142 1325 32 telescope telescope NN 39142 1325 33 . . . 39142 1326 1 Extension extension NN 39142 1326 2 of of IN 39142 1326 3 this this DT 39142 1326 4 scale scale NN 39142 1326 5 to to IN 39142 1326 6 even even RB 39142 1326 7 fainter fainter NN 39142 1326 8 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 1326 9 , , , 39142 1326 10 and and CC 39142 1326 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1326 12 application application NN 39142 1326 13 to to IN 39142 1326 14 the the DT 39142 1326 15 faintest faint JJS 39142 1326 16 stars star NNS 39142 1326 17 within within IN 39142 1326 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1326 19 range range NN 39142 1326 20 is be VBZ 39142 1326 21 an an DT 39142 1326 22 important important JJ 39142 1326 23 task task NN 39142 1326 24 for for IN 39142 1326 25 this this DT 39142 1326 26 great great JJ 39142 1326 27 telescope telescope NN 39142 1326 28 , , , 39142 1326 29 as as IN 39142 1326 30 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1326 31 will will MD 39142 1326 32 doubtless doubtless RB 39142 1326 33 bring bring VB 39142 1326 34 within within IN 39142 1326 35 range range NN 39142 1326 36 hundreds hundred NNS 39142 1326 37 of of IN 39142 1326 38 millions million NNS 39142 1326 39 of of IN 39142 1326 40 stars star NNS 39142 1326 41 that that WDT 39142 1326 42 are be VBP 39142 1326 43 beyond beyond IN 39142 1326 44 the the DT 39142 1326 45 reach reach NN 39142 1326 46 of of IN 39142 1326 47 the the DT 39142 1326 48 60-inch 60-inch CD 39142 1326 49 . . . 39142 1327 1 The the DT 39142 1327 2 giants giant NNS 39142 1327 3 among among IN 39142 1327 4 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1327 5 will will MD 39142 1327 6 form form VB 39142 1327 7 for for IN 39142 1327 8 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1327 9 the the DT 39142 1327 10 outer outer JJ 39142 1327 11 boundary boundary NN 39142 1327 12 of of IN 39142 1327 13 the the DT 39142 1327 14 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 1327 15 system system NN 39142 1327 16 , , , 39142 1327 17 while while IN 39142 1327 18 the the DT 39142 1327 19 dwarfs dwarfs NN 39142 1327 20 will will MD 39142 1327 21 be be VB 39142 1327 22 of of IN 39142 1327 23 almost almost RB 39142 1327 24 equal equal JJ 39142 1327 25 interest interest NN 39142 1327 26 from from IN 39142 1327 27 the the DT 39142 1327 28 evolutional evolutional JJ 39142 1327 29 standpoint standpoint NN 39142 1327 30 . . . 39142 1328 1 The the DT 39142 1328 2 photometric photometric JJ 39142 1328 3 program program NN 39142 1328 4 of of IN 39142 1328 5 the the DT 39142 1328 6 100-inch 100-inch CD 39142 1328 7 , , , 39142 1328 8 then then RB 39142 1328 9 , , , 39142 1328 10 will will MD 39142 1328 11 deal deal VB 39142 1328 12 with with IN 39142 1328 13 such such JJ 39142 1328 14 questions question NNS 39142 1328 15 as as IN 39142 1328 16 the the DT 39142 1328 17 condensation condensation NN 39142 1328 18 of of IN 39142 1328 19 the the DT 39142 1328 20 fainter fainter NN 39142 1328 21 stars star NNS 39142 1328 22 toward toward IN 39142 1328 23 the the DT 39142 1328 24 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 1328 25 plane plane NN 39142 1328 26 , , , 39142 1328 27 the the DT 39142 1328 28 color color NN 39142 1328 29 of of IN 39142 1328 30 the the DT 39142 1328 31 most most RBS 39142 1328 32 distant distant JJ 39142 1328 33 stars star NNS 39142 1328 34 , , , 39142 1328 35 and and CC 39142 1328 36 the the DT 39142 1328 37 final final JJ 39142 1328 38 settlement settlement NN 39142 1328 39 of of IN 39142 1328 40 the the DT 39142 1328 41 long long JJ 39142 1328 42 inquiry inquiry NN 39142 1328 43 regarding regard VBG 39142 1328 44 the the DT 39142 1328 45 possible possible JJ 39142 1328 46 absorption absorption NN 39142 1328 47 of of IN 39142 1328 48 light light NN 39142 1328 49 in in IN 39142 1328 50 space space NN 39142 1328 51 . . . 39142 1329 1 [ [ -LRB- 39142 1329 2 Illustration illustration NN 39142 1329 3 : : : 39142 1329 4 GREAT great JJ 39142 1329 5 SUN SUN NNP 39142 1329 6 - - HYPH 39142 1329 7 SPOT SPOT NNP 39142 1329 8 GROUP GROUP NNP 39142 1329 9 , , , 39142 1329 10 AUGUST AUGUST NNP 39142 1329 11 8 8 CD 39142 1329 12 , , , 39142 1329 13 1917 1917 CD 39142 1329 14 . . . 39142 1330 1 The the DT 39142 1330 2 disk disk NN 39142 1330 3 in in IN 39142 1330 4 the the DT 39142 1330 5 lower low JJR 39142 1330 6 left left JJ 39142 1330 7 corner corner NN 39142 1330 8 represents represent VBZ 39142 1330 9 the the DT 39142 1330 10 comparative comparative JJ 39142 1330 11 size size NN 39142 1330 12 of of IN 39142 1330 13 the the DT 39142 1330 14 earth earth NN 39142 1330 15 . . . 39142 1331 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1331 2 _ _ NNP 39142 1331 3 Photo Photo NNP 39142 1331 4 , , , 39142 1331 5 Mt. Mount NNP 39142 1332 1 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 1332 2 Solar Solar NNP 39142 1332 3 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1332 4 . . . 39142 1332 5 _ _ NNP 39142 1332 6 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1332 7 ] ] -RRB- 39142 1332 8 [ [ -LRB- 39142 1332 9 Illustration illustration NN 39142 1332 10 : : : 39142 1332 11 THE the DT 39142 1332 12 SUN SUN NNP 39142 1332 13 'S 'S NNP 39142 1332 14 DISK disk NN 39142 1332 15 . . . 39142 1333 1 The the DT 39142 1333 2 view view NN 39142 1333 3 shows show VBZ 39142 1333 4 the the DT 39142 1333 5 " " `` 39142 1333 6 rice rice NN 39142 1333 7 grain grain NN 39142 1333 8 " " '' 39142 1333 9 structure structure NN 39142 1333 10 of of IN 39142 1333 11 the the DT 39142 1333 12 photosphere photosphere JJ 39142 1333 13 and and CC 39142 1333 14 brilliant brilliant JJ 39142 1333 15 calcium calcium NN 39142 1333 16 flocculi flocculi NN 39142 1333 17 . . . 39142 1334 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1334 2 _ _ NNP 39142 1334 3 Photo Photo NNP 39142 1334 4 , , , 39142 1334 5 Yerkes Yerkes NNP 39142 1334 6 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1334 7 . . . 39142 1334 8 _ _ NNP 39142 1334 9 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1334 10 ] ] -RRB- 39142 1334 11 [ [ -LRB- 39142 1334 12 Illustration illustration NN 39142 1334 13 : : : 39142 1334 14 THE the DT 39142 1334 15 LUNAR LUNAR NNP 39142 1334 16 SURFACE surface NN 39142 1334 17 VISIBLE visible NN 39142 1334 18 DURING during IN 39142 1334 19 A a DT 39142 1334 20 TOTAL total NN 39142 1334 21 ECLIPSE ECLIPSE NNS 39142 1334 22 OF of IN 39142 1334 23 THE the DT 39142 1334 24 MOON MOON NNP 39142 1334 25 , , , 39142 1334 26 FEBRUARY FEBRUARY NNP 39142 1334 27 8 8 CD 39142 1334 28 , , , 39142 1334 29 1906 1906 CD 39142 1334 30 . . . 39142 1335 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1335 2 _ _ NNP 39142 1335 3 Photo Photo NNP 39142 1335 4 , , , 39142 1335 5 Yerkes Yerkes NNP 39142 1335 6 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1335 7 . . . 39142 1335 8 _ _ NNP 39142 1335 9 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1335 10 ] ] -RRB- 39142 1335 11 Another another DT 39142 1335 12 research research NN 39142 1335 13 of of IN 39142 1335 14 exceptional exceptional JJ 39142 1335 15 promise promise NN 39142 1335 16 will will MD 39142 1335 17 be be VB 39142 1335 18 undertaken undertake VBN 39142 1335 19 , , , 39142 1335 20 which which WDT 39142 1335 21 is be VBZ 39142 1335 22 of of IN 39142 1335 23 great great JJ 39142 1335 24 importance importance NN 39142 1335 25 in in IN 39142 1335 26 a a DT 39142 1335 27 general general JJ 39142 1335 28 study study NN 39142 1335 29 of of IN 39142 1335 30 stellar stellar JJ 39142 1335 31 evolution evolution NN 39142 1335 32 ; ; : 39142 1335 33 and and CC 39142 1335 34 that that DT 39142 1335 35 is be VBZ 39142 1335 36 the the DT 39142 1335 37 determination determination NN 39142 1335 38 of of IN 39142 1335 39 the the DT 39142 1335 40 spectral spectral JJ 39142 1335 41 - - HYPH 39142 1335 42 energy energy NN 39142 1335 43 curves curve NNS 39142 1335 44 of of IN 39142 1335 45 stars star NNS 39142 1335 46 of of IN 39142 1335 47 various various JJ 39142 1335 48 classes class NNS 39142 1335 49 , , , 39142 1335 50 for for IN 39142 1335 51 the the DT 39142 1335 52 purpose purpose NN 39142 1335 53 of of IN 39142 1335 54 measuring measure VBG 39142 1335 55 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1335 56 surface surface NN 39142 1335 57 temperatures temperature NNS 39142 1335 58 . . . 39142 1336 1 A a DT 39142 1336 2 very very RB 39142 1336 3 few few JJ 39142 1336 4 of of IN 39142 1336 5 the the DT 39142 1336 6 nebulæ nebulæ NNS 39142 1336 7 are be VBP 39142 1336 8 found find VBN 39142 1336 9 to to TO 39142 1336 10 be be VB 39142 1336 11 variable variable JJ 39142 1336 12 , , , 39142 1336 13 and and CC 39142 1336 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1336 15 peculiarities peculiarity NNS 39142 1336 16 need need VBP 39142 1336 17 investigation investigation NN 39142 1336 18 , , , 39142 1336 19 also also RB 39142 1336 20 special special JJ 39142 1336 21 problems problem NNS 39142 1336 22 of of IN 39142 1336 23 variable variable JJ 39142 1336 24 stars star NNS 39142 1336 25 and and CC 39142 1336 26 temporary temporary JJ 39142 1336 27 stars star NNS 39142 1336 28 , , , 39142 1336 29 and and CC 39142 1336 30 the the DT 39142 1336 31 spectra spectra NN 39142 1336 32 of of IN 39142 1336 33 the the DT 39142 1336 34 components component NNS 39142 1336 35 of of IN 39142 1336 36 close close JJ 39142 1336 37 double double JJ 39142 1336 38 stars star NNS 39142 1336 39 which which WDT 39142 1336 40 are be VBP 39142 1336 41 beyond beyond IN 39142 1336 42 the the DT 39142 1336 43 power power NN 39142 1336 44 of of IN 39142 1336 45 all all DT 39142 1336 46 other other JJ 39142 1336 47 instruments instrument NNS 39142 1336 48 to to TO 39142 1336 49 photograph photograph VB 39142 1336 50 . . . 39142 1337 1 Such such PDT 39142 1337 2 a a DT 39142 1337 3 program program NN 39142 1337 4 of of IN 39142 1337 5 research research NN 39142 1337 6 conveys convey VBZ 39142 1337 7 an an DT 39142 1337 8 excellent excellent JJ 39142 1337 9 idea idea NN 39142 1337 10 of of IN 39142 1337 11 many many JJ 39142 1337 12 of of IN 39142 1337 13 the the DT 39142 1337 14 great great JJ 39142 1337 15 problems problem NNS 39142 1337 16 that that WDT 39142 1337 17 are be VBP 39142 1337 18 under under IN 39142 1337 19 investigation investigation NN 39142 1337 20 by by IN 39142 1337 21 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1337 22 to to IN 39142 1337 23 - - HYPH 39142 1337 24 day day NN 39142 1337 25 , , , 39142 1337 26 and and CC 39142 1337 27 gives give VBZ 39142 1337 28 some some DT 39142 1337 29 notion notion NN 39142 1337 30 of of IN 39142 1337 31 the the DT 39142 1337 32 instrumental instrumental JJ 39142 1337 33 means mean NNS 39142 1337 34 requisite requisite JJ 39142 1337 35 in in IN 39142 1337 36 executing execute VBG 39142 1337 37 comprehensive comprehensive JJ 39142 1337 38 plans plan NNS 39142 1337 39 of of IN 39142 1337 40 this this DT 39142 1337 41 character character NN 39142 1337 42 . . . 39142 1338 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1338 2 will will MD 39142 1338 3 not not RB 39142 1338 4 escape escape VB 39142 1338 5 notice notice NN 39142 1338 6 that that IN 39142 1338 7 the the DT 39142 1338 8 climax climax NN 39142 1338 9 of of IN 39142 1338 10 instrumental instrumental JJ 39142 1338 11 development development NN 39142 1338 12 attained attain VBN 39142 1338 13 at at IN 39142 1338 14 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1338 15 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 1338 16 has have VBZ 39142 1338 17 only only RB 39142 1338 18 been be VBN 39142 1338 19 made make VBN 39142 1338 20 possible possible JJ 39142 1338 21 by by IN 39142 1338 22 an an DT 39142 1338 23 unbroken unbroken JJ 39142 1338 24 chain chain NN 39142 1338 25 of of IN 39142 1338 26 progress progress NN 39142 1338 27 , , , 39142 1338 28 link link NN 39142 1338 29 by by IN 39142 1338 30 link link NN 39142 1338 31 , , , 39142 1338 32 each each DT 39142 1338 33 antecedent antecedent NN 39142 1338 34 link link NN 39142 1338 35 being be VBG 39142 1338 36 necessary necessary JJ 39142 1338 37 to to IN 39142 1338 38 the the DT 39142 1338 39 successful successful JJ 39142 1338 40 forging forging NN 39142 1338 41 of of IN 39142 1338 42 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1338 43 following follow VBG 39142 1338 44 one one CD 39142 1338 45 . . . 39142 1339 1 In in IN 39142 1339 2 very very RB 39142 1339 3 large large JJ 39142 1339 4 part part NN 39142 1339 5 , , , 39142 1339 6 and and CC 39142 1339 7 certainly certainly RB 39142 1339 8 indispensable indispensable JJ 39142 1339 9 to to IN 39142 1339 10 these these DT 39142 1339 11 instrumental instrumental JJ 39142 1339 12 advances advance NNS 39142 1339 13 , , , 39142 1339 14 has have VBZ 39142 1339 15 the the DT 39142 1339 16 art art NN 39142 1339 17 of of IN 39142 1339 18 working work VBG 39142 1339 19 in in IN 39142 1339 20 glass glass NN 39142 1339 21 and and CC 39142 1339 22 metals metal NNS 39142 1339 23 been be VBN 39142 1339 24 the the DT 39142 1339 25 mainstay mainstay NN 39142 1339 26 of of IN 39142 1339 27 research research NN 39142 1339 28 . . . 39142 1340 1 As as IN 39142 1340 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1340 3 review review VBP 39142 1340 4 the the DT 39142 1340 5 history history NN 39142 1340 6 of of IN 39142 1340 7 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 1340 8 progress progress NN 39142 1340 9 , , , 39142 1340 10 from from IN 39142 1340 11 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 1340 12 's 's POS 39142 1340 13 time time NN 39142 1340 14 to to IN 39142 1340 15 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1340 16 own own JJ 39142 1340 17 , , , 39142 1340 18 the the DT 39142 1340 19 consummate consummate NN 39142 1340 20 genius genius NN 39142 1340 21 of of IN 39142 1340 22 the the DT 39142 1340 23 artisan artisan NNP 39142 1340 24 and and CC 39142 1340 25 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1340 26 deft deft NN 39142 1340 27 handiwork handiwork NN 39142 1340 28 compel compel VBP 39142 1340 29 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1340 30 admiration admiration NN 39142 1340 31 almost almost RB 39142 1340 32 equally equally RB 39142 1340 33 with with IN 39142 1340 34 the the DT 39142 1340 35 keen keen JJ 39142 1340 36 intelligence intelligence NN 39142 1340 37 of of IN 39142 1340 38 the the DT 39142 1340 39 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 1340 40 who who WP 39142 1340 41 uses use VBZ 39142 1340 42 these these DT 39142 1340 43 powerful powerful JJ 39142 1340 44 engines engine NNS 39142 1340 45 of of IN 39142 1340 46 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1340 47 own own JJ 39142 1340 48 devising devise VBG 39142 1340 49 to to TO 39142 1340 50 wrest wrest VB 39142 1340 51 the the DT 39142 1340 52 secrets secret NNS 39142 1340 53 of of IN 39142 1340 54 nature nature NN 39142 1340 55 from from IN 39142 1340 56 the the DT 39142 1340 57 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 1340 58 . . . 39142 1341 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 1341 2 XXIV XXIV NNP 39142 1341 3 OUR our PRP$ 39142 1341 4 SOLAR solar NN 39142 1341 5 SYSTEM system NN 39142 1341 6 Now now RB 39142 1341 7 let let VB 39142 1341 8 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1341 9 go go VB 39142 1341 10 upward upward RB 39142 1341 11 in in IN 39142 1341 12 imagination imagination NN 39142 1341 13 , , , 39142 1341 14 far far RB 39142 1341 15 , , , 39142 1341 16 far far RB 39142 1341 17 beyond beyond IN 39142 1341 18 the the DT 39142 1341 19 tops top NNS 39142 1341 20 of of IN 39142 1341 21 the the DT 39142 1341 22 highest high JJS 39142 1341 23 mountains mountain NNS 39142 1341 24 , , , 39142 1341 25 beyond beyond IN 39142 1341 26 the the DT 39142 1341 27 moon moon NN 39142 1341 28 and and CC 39142 1341 29 sun sun NN 39142 1341 30 , , , 39142 1341 31 and and CC 39142 1341 32 outward outward RB 39142 1341 33 in in IN 39142 1341 34 space space NN 39142 1341 35 until until IN 39142 1341 36 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1341 37 reach reach VBP 39142 1341 38 a a DT 39142 1341 39 point point NN 39142 1341 40 in in IN 39142 1341 41 the the DT 39142 1341 42 northern northern JJ 39142 1341 43 heavens heaven NNS 39142 1341 44 millions million NNS 39142 1341 45 and and CC 39142 1341 46 millions million NNS 39142 1341 47 of of IN 39142 1341 48 miles mile NNS 39142 1341 49 away away RB 39142 1341 50 , , , 39142 1341 51 directly directly RB 39142 1341 52 above above RB 39142 1341 53 and and CC 39142 1341 54 equally equally RB 39142 1341 55 distant distant JJ 39142 1341 56 from from IN 39142 1341 57 all all DT 39142 1341 58 points point NNS 39142 1341 59 in in IN 39142 1341 60 the the DT 39142 1341 61 ecliptic ecliptic JJ 39142 1341 62 , , , 39142 1341 63 or or CC 39142 1341 64 path path NN 39142 1341 65 in in IN 39142 1341 66 which which WDT 39142 1341 67 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1341 68 earth earth NN 39142 1341 69 travels travel VBZ 39142 1341 70 yearly yearly RB 39142 1341 71 round round IN 39142 1341 72 the the DT 39142 1341 73 sun sun NN 39142 1341 74 . . . 39142 1342 1 Then then RB 39142 1342 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1342 3 should should MD 39142 1342 4 have have VB 39142 1342 5 that that DT 39142 1342 6 sort sort NN 39142 1342 7 of of IN 39142 1342 8 comprehensive comprehensive JJ 39142 1342 9 view view NN 39142 1342 10 of of IN 39142 1342 11 the the DT 39142 1342 12 solar solar JJ 39142 1342 13 system system NN 39142 1342 14 which which WDT 39142 1342 15 is be VBZ 39142 1342 16 necessary necessary JJ 39142 1342 17 if if IN 39142 1342 18 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1342 19 are be VBP 39142 1342 20 to to TO 39142 1342 21 visualize visualize VB 39142 1342 22 as as IN 39142 1342 23 a a DT 39142 1342 24 whole whole NN 39142 1342 25 the the DT 39142 1342 26 working working NN 39142 1342 27 of of IN 39142 1342 28 the the DT 39142 1342 29 vast vast JJ 39142 1342 30 machine machine NN 39142 1342 31 , , , 39142 1342 32 and and CC 39142 1342 33 the the DT 39142 1342 34 motions motion NNS 39142 1342 35 , , , 39142 1342 36 sizes size NNS 39142 1342 37 , , , 39142 1342 38 and and CC 39142 1342 39 distances distance NNS 39142 1342 40 of of IN 39142 1342 41 all all PDT 39142 1342 42 the the DT 39142 1342 43 bodies body NNS 39142 1342 44 that that WDT 39142 1342 45 comprise comprise VBP 39142 1342 46 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1342 47 . . . 39142 1343 1 Of of IN 39142 1343 2 such such JJ 39142 1343 3 stupendous stupendous JJ 39142 1343 4 mechanism mechanism NN 39142 1343 5 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1343 6 earth earth NN 39142 1343 7 is be VBZ 39142 1343 8 part part NN 39142 1343 9 . . . 39142 1344 1 Or or CC 39142 1344 2 in in IN 39142 1344 3 lieu lieu NN 39142 1344 4 of of IN 39142 1344 5 this this DT 39142 1344 6 , , , 39142 1344 7 let let VB 39142 1344 8 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1344 9 attempt attempt VB 39142 1344 10 to to TO 39142 1344 11 get get VB 39142 1344 12 in in IN 39142 1344 13 mind mind NN 39142 1344 14 a a DT 39142 1344 15 picture picture NN 39142 1344 16 of of IN 39142 1344 17 the the DT 39142 1344 18 solar solar JJ 39142 1344 19 system system NN 39142 1344 20 by by IN 39142 1344 21 means mean NNS 39142 1344 22 of of IN 39142 1344 23 Sir Sir NNP 39142 1344 24 William William NNP 39142 1344 25 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 1344 26 's 's POS 39142 1344 27 apt apt JJ 39142 1344 28 illustration illustration NN 39142 1344 29 : : : 39142 1344 30 " " `` 39142 1344 31 Choose choose VB 39142 1344 32 any any DT 39142 1344 33 well well RB 39142 1344 34 - - HYPH 39142 1344 35 leveled level VBN 39142 1344 36 field field NN 39142 1344 37 . . . 39142 1345 1 On on IN 39142 1345 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1345 3 place place VB 39142 1345 4 a a DT 39142 1345 5 globe globe NN 39142 1345 6 two two CD 39142 1345 7 feet foot NNS 39142 1345 8 in in IN 39142 1345 9 diameter diameter NN 39142 1345 10 . . . 39142 1346 1 This this DT 39142 1346 2 will will MD 39142 1346 3 represent represent VB 39142 1346 4 the the DT 39142 1346 5 sun sun NN 39142 1346 6 ; ; : 39142 1346 7 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 1346 8 will will MD 39142 1346 9 be be VB 39142 1346 10 represented represent VBN 39142 1346 11 by by IN 39142 1346 12 a a DT 39142 1346 13 grain grain NN 39142 1346 14 of of IN 39142 1346 15 mustard mustard NN 39142 1346 16 seed seed NN 39142 1346 17 on on IN 39142 1346 18 the the DT 39142 1346 19 circumference circumference NN 39142 1346 20 of of IN 39142 1346 21 a a DT 39142 1346 22 circle circle NN 39142 1346 23 164 164 CD 39142 1346 24 feet foot NNS 39142 1346 25 in in IN 39142 1346 26 diameter diameter NN 39142 1346 27 for for IN 39142 1346 28 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1346 29 orbit orbit NN 39142 1346 30 ; ; : 39142 1346 31 Venus Venus NNP 39142 1346 32 , , , 39142 1346 33 a a DT 39142 1346 34 pea pea NN 39142 1346 35 on on IN 39142 1346 36 a a DT 39142 1346 37 circle circle NN 39142 1346 38 of of IN 39142 1346 39 284 284 CD 39142 1346 40 feet foot NNS 39142 1346 41 in in IN 39142 1346 42 diameter diameter NN 39142 1346 43 ; ; : 39142 1346 44 the the DT 39142 1346 45 Earth Earth NNP 39142 1346 46 also also RB 39142 1346 47 a a DT 39142 1346 48 pea pea NN 39142 1346 49 , , , 39142 1346 50 on on IN 39142 1346 51 a a DT 39142 1346 52 circle circle NN 39142 1346 53 of of IN 39142 1346 54 430 430 CD 39142 1346 55 feet foot NNS 39142 1346 56 ; ; : 39142 1346 57 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1346 58 a a DT 39142 1346 59 rather rather RB 39142 1346 60 larger large JJR 39142 1346 61 pin pin NN 39142 1346 62 's 's POS 39142 1346 63 head head NN 39142 1346 64 on on IN 39142 1346 65 a a DT 39142 1346 66 circle circle NN 39142 1346 67 of of IN 39142 1346 68 654 654 CD 39142 1346 69 feet foot NNS 39142 1346 70 ; ; : 39142 1346 71 the the DT 39142 1346 72 asteroids asteroid NNS 39142 1346 73 , , , 39142 1346 74 grains grain NNS 39142 1346 75 of of IN 39142 1346 76 sand sand NN 39142 1346 77 in in IN 39142 1346 78 orbits orbit NNS 39142 1346 79 of of IN 39142 1346 80 1,000 1,000 CD 39142 1346 81 to to TO 39142 1346 82 1,200 1,200 CD 39142 1346 83 feet foot NNS 39142 1346 84 ; ; : 39142 1346 85 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 1346 86 , , , 39142 1346 87 a a DT 39142 1346 88 moderate moderate JJ 39142 1346 89 sized sized JJ 39142 1346 90 orange orange NN 39142 1346 91 in in IN 39142 1346 92 a a DT 39142 1346 93 circle circle NN 39142 1346 94 of of IN 39142 1346 95 nearly nearly RB 39142 1346 96 half half PDT 39142 1346 97 a a DT 39142 1346 98 mile mile NN 39142 1346 99 across across RB 39142 1346 100 ; ; : 39142 1346 101 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 1346 102 , , , 39142 1346 103 a a DT 39142 1346 104 small small JJ 39142 1346 105 orange orange NN 39142 1346 106 on on IN 39142 1346 107 a a DT 39142 1346 108 circle circle NN 39142 1346 109 of of IN 39142 1346 110 four four CD 39142 1346 111 - - HYPH 39142 1346 112 fifths fifth NNS 39142 1346 113 of of IN 39142 1346 114 a a DT 39142 1346 115 mile mile NN 39142 1346 116 ; ; : 39142 1346 117 Uranus uranus NN 39142 1346 118 , , , 39142 1346 119 a a DT 39142 1346 120 full full JJ 39142 1346 121 - - HYPH 39142 1346 122 sized sized JJ 39142 1346 123 cherry cherry NN 39142 1346 124 or or CC 39142 1346 125 small small JJ 39142 1346 126 plum plum NN 39142 1346 127 upon upon IN 39142 1346 128 the the DT 39142 1346 129 circumference circumference NN 39142 1346 130 of of IN 39142 1346 131 a a DT 39142 1346 132 circle circle NN 39142 1346 133 more more JJR 39142 1346 134 than than IN 39142 1346 135 a a DT 39142 1346 136 mile mile NN 39142 1346 137 and and CC 39142 1346 138 a a DT 39142 1346 139 half half NN 39142 1346 140 ; ; : 39142 1346 141 and and CC 39142 1346 142 finally finally RB 39142 1346 143 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 1346 144 , , , 39142 1346 145 a a DT 39142 1346 146 good good JJ 39142 1346 147 - - HYPH 39142 1346 148 sized sized JJ 39142 1346 149 plum plum NN 39142 1346 150 on on IN 39142 1346 151 a a DT 39142 1346 152 circle circle NN 39142 1346 153 about about RB 39142 1346 154 two two CD 39142 1346 155 miles mile NNS 39142 1346 156 and and CC 39142 1346 157 a a DT 39142 1346 158 half half NN 39142 1346 159 in in IN 39142 1346 160 diameter diameter NN 39142 1346 161 .... .... . 39142 1346 162 To to TO 39142 1346 163 imitate imitate VB 39142 1346 164 the the DT 39142 1346 165 motions motion NNS 39142 1346 166 of of IN 39142 1346 167 the the DT 39142 1346 168 planets planet NNS 39142 1346 169 in in IN 39142 1346 170 the the DT 39142 1346 171 above above RB 39142 1346 172 mentioned mention VBN 39142 1346 173 orbits orbit NNS 39142 1346 174 , , , 39142 1346 175 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 1346 176 must must MD 39142 1346 177 describe describe VB 39142 1346 178 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1346 179 own own JJ 39142 1346 180 diameter diameter NN 39142 1346 181 in in IN 39142 1346 182 41 41 CD 39142 1346 183 seconds second NNS 39142 1346 184 ; ; : 39142 1346 185 Venus Venus NNP 39142 1346 186 in in IN 39142 1346 187 4 4 CD 39142 1346 188 minutes minute NNS 39142 1346 189 , , , 39142 1346 190 14 14 CD 39142 1346 191 seconds second NNS 39142 1346 192 ; ; : 39142 1346 193 the the DT 39142 1346 194 Earth Earth NNP 39142 1346 195 in in IN 39142 1346 196 7 7 CD 39142 1346 197 minutes minute NNS 39142 1346 198 ; ; : 39142 1346 199 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1346 200 in in IN 39142 1346 201 4 4 CD 39142 1346 202 minutes minute NNS 39142 1346 203 48 48 CD 39142 1346 204 seconds second NNS 39142 1346 205 ; ; : 39142 1346 206 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 1346 207 in in IN 39142 1346 208 2 2 CD 39142 1346 209 minutes minute NNS 39142 1346 210 56 56 CD 39142 1346 211 seconds second NNS 39142 1346 212 ; ; : 39142 1346 213 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 1346 214 in in IN 39142 1346 215 3 3 CD 39142 1346 216 minutes minute NNS 39142 1346 217 13 13 CD 39142 1346 218 seconds second NNS 39142 1346 219 ; ; : 39142 1346 220 Uranus uranus NN 39142 1346 221 in in IN 39142 1346 222 2 2 CD 39142 1346 223 minutes minute NNS 39142 1346 224 16 16 CD 39142 1346 225 seconds second NNS 39142 1346 226 ; ; : 39142 1346 227 and and CC 39142 1346 228 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 1346 229 in in IN 39142 1346 230 3 3 CD 39142 1346 231 minutes minute NNS 39142 1346 232 30 30 CD 39142 1346 233 seconds second NNS 39142 1346 234 . . . 39142 1346 235 " " '' 39142 1347 1 Now now RB 39142 1347 2 , , , 39142 1347 3 let let VB 39142 1347 4 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1347 5 look look VB 39142 1347 6 earthward earthward NN 39142 1347 7 from from IN 39142 1347 8 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1347 9 imaginary imaginary JJ 39142 1347 10 station station NN 39142 1347 11 near near IN 39142 1347 12 the the DT 39142 1347 13 north north NNP 39142 1347 14 pole pole NNP 39142 1347 15 of of IN 39142 1347 16 the the DT 39142 1347 17 ecliptic ecliptic NN 39142 1347 18 . . . 39142 1348 1 All all PDT 39142 1348 2 these these DT 39142 1348 3 planetary planetary JJ 39142 1348 4 bodies body NNS 39142 1348 5 would would MD 39142 1348 6 be be VB 39142 1348 7 seen see VBN 39142 1348 8 to to TO 39142 1348 9 be be VB 39142 1348 10 traveling travel VBG 39142 1348 11 eastward eastward RB 39142 1348 12 round round IN 39142 1348 13 the the DT 39142 1348 14 sun sun NN 39142 1348 15 , , , 39142 1348 16 that that RB 39142 1348 17 is is RB 39142 1348 18 , , , 39142 1348 19 in in IN 39142 1348 20 a a DT 39142 1348 21 counter counter NN 39142 1348 22 - - JJ 39142 1348 23 clockwise clockwise JJ 39142 1348 24 direction direction NN 39142 1348 25 , , , 39142 1348 26 or or CC 39142 1348 27 contrary contrary RB 39142 1348 28 to to IN 39142 1348 29 the the DT 39142 1348 30 motions motion NNS 39142 1348 31 of of IN 39142 1348 32 the the DT 39142 1348 33 hands hand NNS 39142 1348 34 of of IN 39142 1348 35 a a DT 39142 1348 36 timepiece timepiece NN 39142 1348 37 . . . 39142 1349 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1349 2 orbits orbit NNS 39142 1349 3 or or CC 39142 1349 4 paths path NNS 39142 1349 5 of of IN 39142 1349 6 motion motion NN 39142 1349 7 are be VBP 39142 1349 8 very very RB 39142 1349 9 nearly nearly RB 39142 1349 10 circular circular JJ 39142 1349 11 , , , 39142 1349 12 and and CC 39142 1349 13 the the DT 39142 1349 14 sun sun NN 39142 1349 15 is be VBZ 39142 1349 16 practically practically RB 39142 1349 17 at at IN 39142 1349 18 the the DT 39142 1349 19 center center NN 39142 1349 20 of of IN 39142 1349 21 all all DT 39142 1349 22 of of IN 39142 1349 23 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1349 24 except except IN 39142 1349 25 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 1349 26 and and CC 39142 1349 27 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1349 28 ; ; : 39142 1349 29 of of IN 39142 1349 30 Venus Venus NNP 39142 1349 31 and and CC 39142 1349 32 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 1349 33 , , , 39142 1349 34 almost almost RB 39142 1349 35 at at IN 39142 1349 36 the the DT 39142 1349 37 absolute absolute JJ 39142 1349 38 center center NN 39142 1349 39 . . . 39142 1350 1 The the DT 39142 1350 2 planes plane NNS 39142 1350 3 of of IN 39142 1350 4 all all DT 39142 1350 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1350 6 orbits orbit NNS 39142 1350 7 are be VBP 39142 1350 8 very very RB 39142 1350 9 nearly nearly RB 39142 1350 10 the the DT 39142 1350 11 same same JJ 39142 1350 12 as as IN 39142 1350 13 that that DT 39142 1350 14 of of IN 39142 1350 15 the the DT 39142 1350 16 ecliptic ecliptic JJ 39142 1350 17 , , , 39142 1350 18 or or CC 39142 1350 19 plane plane NN 39142 1350 20 in in IN 39142 1350 21 which which WDT 39142 1350 22 the the DT 39142 1350 23 earth earth NN 39142 1350 24 moves move VBZ 39142 1350 25 . . . 39142 1351 1 These these DT 39142 1351 2 and and CC 39142 1351 3 many many JJ 39142 1351 4 other other JJ 39142 1351 5 resemblances resemblance NNS 39142 1351 6 and and CC 39142 1351 7 characteristics characteristic NNS 39142 1351 8 suggest suggest VBP 39142 1351 9 a a DT 39142 1351 10 uniformity uniformity NN 39142 1351 11 of of IN 39142 1351 12 origin origin NN 39142 1351 13 which which WDT 39142 1351 14 comports comport VBZ 39142 1351 15 with with IN 39142 1351 16 the the DT 39142 1351 17 idea idea NN 39142 1351 18 of of IN 39142 1351 19 a a DT 39142 1351 20 family family NN 39142 1351 21 , , , 39142 1351 22 and and CC 39142 1351 23 so so RB 39142 1351 24 the the DT 39142 1351 25 whole whole NN 39142 1351 26 is be VBZ 39142 1351 27 spoken speak VBN 39142 1351 28 of of IN 39142 1351 29 as as IN 39142 1351 30 the the DT 39142 1351 31 solar solar JJ 39142 1351 32 system system NN 39142 1351 33 , , , 39142 1351 34 or or CC 39142 1351 35 the the DT 39142 1351 36 sun sun NN 39142 1351 37 and and CC 39142 1351 38 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1351 39 family family NN 39142 1351 40 of of IN 39142 1351 41 planets planet NNS 39142 1351 42 . . . 39142 1352 1 In in IN 39142 1352 2 addition addition NN 39142 1352 3 to to IN 39142 1352 4 the the DT 39142 1352 5 nine nine CD 39142 1352 6 bodies body NNS 39142 1352 7 already already RB 39142 1352 8 specified specify VBN 39142 1352 9 , , , 39142 1352 10 the the DT 39142 1352 11 solar solar JJ 39142 1352 12 system system NN 39142 1352 13 comprises comprise VBZ 39142 1352 14 a a DT 39142 1352 15 great great JJ 39142 1352 16 variety variety NN 39142 1352 17 of of IN 39142 1352 18 other other JJ 39142 1352 19 and and CC 39142 1352 20 lesser less JJR 39142 1352 21 bodies body NNS 39142 1352 22 ; ; : 39142 1352 23 no no DT 39142 1352 24 less less JJR 39142 1352 25 than than IN 39142 1352 26 twenty twenty CD 39142 1352 27 - - HYPH 39142 1352 28 six six CD 39142 1352 29 moons moon NNS 39142 1352 30 or or CC 39142 1352 31 satellites satellite NNS 39142 1352 32 tributary tributary JJ 39142 1352 33 to to IN 39142 1352 34 the the DT 39142 1352 35 planets planet NNS 39142 1352 36 and and CC 39142 1352 37 traveling travel VBG 39142 1352 38 round round IN 39142 1352 39 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1352 40 in in IN 39142 1352 41 various various JJ 39142 1352 42 periods period NNS 39142 1352 43 as as IN 39142 1352 44 the the DT 39142 1352 45 moon moon NN 39142 1352 46 does do VBZ 39142 1352 47 round round VB 39142 1352 48 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1352 49 earth earth NN 39142 1352 50 . . . 39142 1353 1 Then then RB 39142 1353 2 between between IN 39142 1353 3 the the DT 39142 1353 4 orbits orbit NNS 39142 1353 5 of of IN 39142 1353 6 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1353 7 and and CC 39142 1353 8 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 1353 9 are be VBP 39142 1353 10 many many JJ 39142 1353 11 thousands thousand NNS 39142 1353 12 of of IN 39142 1353 13 asteroids asteroid NNS 39142 1353 14 , , , 39142 1353 15 so so RB 39142 1353 16 called call VBN 39142 1353 17 , , , 39142 1353 18 or or CC 39142 1353 19 minor minor JJ 39142 1353 20 planets planet NNS 39142 1353 21 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1353 22 about about RB 39142 1353 23 1,000 1,000 CD 39142 1353 24 of of IN 39142 1353 25 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1353 26 have have VBP 39142 1353 27 actually actually RB 39142 1353 28 been be VBN 39142 1353 29 discovered discover VBN 39142 1353 30 , , , 39142 1353 31 and and CC 39142 1353 32 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1353 33 paths path NNS 39142 1353 34 accurately accurately RB 39142 1353 35 calculated calculate VBN 39142 1353 36 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1353 37 . . . 39142 1354 1 And and CC 39142 1354 2 at at IN 39142 1354 3 all all DT 39142 1354 4 sorts sort NNS 39142 1354 5 of of IN 39142 1354 6 angles angle NNS 39142 1354 7 with with IN 39142 1354 8 the the DT 39142 1354 9 planetary planetary NN 39142 1354 10 orbits orbit NNS 39142 1354 11 are be VBP 39142 1354 12 the the DT 39142 1354 13 paths path NNS 39142 1354 14 of of IN 39142 1354 15 hundreds hundred NNS 39142 1354 16 of of IN 39142 1354 17 comets comet NNS 39142 1354 18 , , , 39142 1354 19 delicate delicate JJ 39142 1354 20 filmy filmy JJ 39142 1354 21 bodies body NNS 39142 1354 22 of of IN 39142 1354 23 a a DT 39142 1354 24 wholly wholly RB 39142 1354 25 different different JJ 39142 1354 26 constitution constitution NN 39142 1354 27 from from IN 39142 1354 28 the the DT 39142 1354 29 planets planet NNS 39142 1354 30 , , , 39142 1354 31 and and CC 39142 1354 32 which which WDT 39142 1354 33 now now RB 39142 1354 34 and and CC 39142 1354 35 then then RB 39142 1354 36 blaze blaze VB 39142 1354 37 forth forth RB 39142 1354 38 in in IN 39142 1354 39 the the DT 39142 1354 40 sky sky NN 39142 1354 41 , , , 39142 1354 42 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1354 43 tails tail NNS 39142 1354 44 appearing appear VBG 39142 1354 45 much much RB 39142 1354 46 like like IN 39142 1354 47 the the DT 39142 1354 48 beam beam NN 39142 1354 49 of of IN 39142 1354 50 a a DT 39142 1354 51 searchlight searchlight NN 39142 1354 52 , , , 39142 1354 53 and and CC 39142 1354 54 compelling compel VBG 39142 1354 55 for for IN 39142 1354 56 the the DT 39142 1354 57 time time NN 39142 1354 58 the the DT 39142 1354 59 attention attention NN 39142 1354 60 of of IN 39142 1354 61 everybody everybody NN 39142 1354 62 . . . 39142 1355 1 Connected connect VBN 39142 1355 2 with with IN 39142 1355 3 the the DT 39142 1355 4 comets comet NNS 39142 1355 5 and and CC 39142 1355 6 doubtless doubtless RB 39142 1355 7 originally originally RB 39142 1355 8 parts part NNS 39142 1355 9 of of IN 39142 1355 10 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1355 11 are be VBP 39142 1355 12 uncounted uncounted JJ 39142 1355 13 millions million NNS 39142 1355 14 of of IN 39142 1355 15 millions million NNS 39142 1355 16 of of IN 39142 1355 17 meteors meteor NNS 39142 1355 18 , , , 39142 1355 19 which which WDT 39142 1355 20 for for IN 39142 1355 21 the the DT 39142 1355 22 time time NN 39142 1355 23 become become VBP 39142 1355 24 a a DT 39142 1355 25 part part NN 39142 1355 26 of of IN 39142 1355 27 the the DT 39142 1355 28 solar solar JJ 39142 1355 29 system system NN 39142 1355 30 , , , 39142 1355 31 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1355 32 minute minute NN 39142 1355 33 masses masse NNS 39142 1355 34 being be VBG 39142 1355 35 attracted attract VBN 39142 1355 36 to to IN 39142 1355 37 the the DT 39142 1355 38 planets planet NNS 39142 1355 39 , , , 39142 1355 40 upon upon IN 39142 1355 41 which which WDT 39142 1355 42 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1355 43 fall fall VBP 39142 1355 44 , , , 39142 1355 45 those those DT 39142 1355 46 hitting hit VBG 39142 1355 47 the the DT 39142 1355 48 earth earth NN 39142 1355 49 being be VBG 39142 1355 50 visible visible JJ 39142 1355 51 to to IN 39142 1355 52 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1355 53 as as IN 39142 1355 54 familiar familiar JJ 39142 1355 55 shooting shooting NN 39142 1355 56 stars star NNS 39142 1355 57 . . . 39142 1356 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 1356 2 next next RB 39142 1356 3 follow follow VBP 39142 1356 4 the the DT 39142 1356 5 story story NN 39142 1356 6 of of IN 39142 1356 7 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 1356 8 through through IN 39142 1356 9 the the DT 39142 1356 10 solar solar JJ 39142 1356 11 system system NN 39142 1356 12 , , , 39142 1356 13 beginning begin VBG 39142 1356 14 with with IN 39142 1356 15 the the DT 39142 1356 16 sun sun NN 39142 1356 17 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 1356 18 and and CC 39142 1356 19 proceeding proceed VBG 39142 1356 20 outward outward RB 39142 1356 21 through through IN 39142 1356 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1356 23 family family NN 39142 1356 24 of of IN 39142 1356 25 planets planet NNS 39142 1356 26 , , , 39142 1356 27 now now RB 39142 1356 28 much much RB 39142 1356 29 more more RBR 39142 1356 30 numerous numerous JJ 39142 1356 31 and and CC 39142 1356 32 vastly vastly RB 39142 1356 33 more more RBR 39142 1356 34 extended extended JJ 39142 1356 35 than than IN 39142 1356 36 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1356 37 was be VBD 39142 1356 38 to to IN 39142 1356 39 the the DT 39142 1356 40 ancient ancient JJ 39142 1356 41 world world NN 39142 1356 42 , , , 39142 1356 43 or or CC 39142 1356 44 indeed indeed RB 39142 1356 45 till till IN 39142 1356 46 within within IN 39142 1356 47 a a DT 39142 1356 48 century century NN 39142 1356 49 and and CC 39142 1356 50 a a DT 39142 1356 51 half half NN 39142 1356 52 of of IN 39142 1356 53 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1356 54 own own JJ 39142 1356 55 day day NN 39142 1356 56 . . . 39142 1357 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39142 1357 2 XXV XXV NNP 39142 1357 3 THE the DT 39142 1357 4 SUN SUN NNP 39142 1357 5 AND and CC 39142 1357 6 OBSERVING observe VBG 39142 1357 7 IT it NN 39142 1357 8 As as IN 39142 1357 9 lord lord NN 39142 1357 10 of of IN 39142 1357 11 day day NN 39142 1357 12 , , , 39142 1357 13 king king NN 39142 1357 14 of of IN 39142 1357 15 the the DT 39142 1357 16 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 1357 17 , , , 39142 1357 18 mankind mankind NN 39142 1357 19 in in IN 39142 1357 20 the the DT 39142 1357 21 ancient ancient JJ 39142 1357 22 world world NN 39142 1357 23 adored adore VBD 39142 1357 24 the the DT 39142 1357 25 sun sun NN 39142 1357 26 . . . 39142 1358 1 By by IN 39142 1358 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1358 3 researches research NNS 39142 1358 4 into into IN 39142 1358 5 the the DT 39142 1358 6 epoch epoch NN 39142 1358 7 of of IN 39142 1358 8 the the DT 39142 1358 9 Assyrians Assyrians NNPS 39142 1358 10 , , , 39142 1358 11 Hittites Hittites NNPS 39142 1358 12 , , , 39142 1358 13 Phoenicians Phoenicians NNPS 39142 1358 14 and and CC 39142 1358 15 other other JJ 39142 1358 16 early early JJ 39142 1358 17 peoples people NNS 39142 1358 18 now now RB 39142 1358 19 passed pass VBN 39142 1358 20 from from IN 39142 1358 21 earth earth NN 39142 1358 22 , , , 39142 1358 23 archæologists archæologist NNS 39142 1358 24 have have VBP 39142 1358 25 unearthed unearth VBN 39142 1358 26 many many JJ 39142 1358 27 monuments monument NNS 39142 1358 28 that that WDT 39142 1358 29 evidence evidence VBP 39142 1358 30 the the DT 39142 1358 31 veneration veneration NN 39142 1358 32 in in IN 39142 1358 33 which which WDT 39142 1358 34 the the DT 39142 1358 35 early early JJ 39142 1358 36 peoples people NNS 39142 1358 37 who who WP 39142 1358 38 inhabited inhabit VBD 39142 1358 39 Egypt Egypt NNP 39142 1358 40 and and CC 39142 1358 41 Asia Asia NNP 39142 1358 42 Minor Minor NNP 39142 1358 43 many many JJ 39142 1358 44 thousand thousand CD 39142 1358 45 years year NNS 39142 1358 46 ago ago RB 39142 1358 47 held hold VBD 39142 1358 48 the the DT 39142 1358 49 sun sun NN 39142 1358 50 . . . 39142 1359 1 A a DT 39142 1359 2 striking striking JJ 39142 1359 3 example example NN 39142 1359 4 is be VBZ 39142 1359 5 found find VBN 39142 1359 6 in in IN 39142 1359 7 the the DT 39142 1359 8 architecture architecture NN 39142 1359 9 of of IN 39142 1359 10 early early JJ 39142 1359 11 Egyptian egyptian JJ 39142 1359 12 temples temple NNS 39142 1359 13 , , , 39142 1359 14 on on IN 39142 1359 15 the the DT 39142 1359 16 lintels lintel NNS 39142 1359 17 of of IN 39142 1359 18 which which WDT 39142 1359 19 are be VBP 39142 1359 20 carved carve VBN 39142 1359 21 representations representation NNS 39142 1359 22 of of IN 39142 1359 23 the the DT 39142 1359 24 winged winged JJ 39142 1359 25 globe globe NNP 39142 1359 26 or or CC 39142 1359 27 the the DT 39142 1359 28 winged wing VBN 39142 1359 29 solar solar JJ 39142 1359 30 disk disk NN 39142 1359 31 , , , 39142 1359 32 and and CC 39142 1359 33 there there EX 39142 1359 34 is be VBZ 39142 1359 35 a a DT 39142 1359 36 bare bare JJ 39142 1359 37 possibility possibility NN 39142 1359 38 that that IN 39142 1359 39 the the DT 39142 1359 40 wings wing NNS 39142 1359 41 of of IN 39142 1359 42 the the DT 39142 1359 43 globe globe NN 39142 1359 44 were be VBD 39142 1359 45 suggested suggest VBN 39142 1359 46 by by IN 39142 1359 47 a a DT 39142 1359 48 type type NN 39142 1359 49 of of IN 39142 1359 50 the the DT 39142 1359 51 solar solar JJ 39142 1359 52 corona corona NN 39142 1359 53 as as IN 39142 1359 54 glimpsed glimpse VBN 39142 1359 55 by by IN 39142 1359 56 the the DT 39142 1359 57 ancients ancient NNS 39142 1359 58 . . . 39142 1360 1 Little little JJ 39142 1360 2 knew know VBD 39142 1360 3 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1360 4 about about IN 39142 1360 5 the the DT 39142 1360 6 distance distance NN 39142 1360 7 and and CC 39142 1360 8 size size NN 39142 1360 9 of of IN 39142 1360 10 the the DT 39142 1360 11 sun sun NN 39142 1360 12 ; ; : 39142 1360 13 but but CC 39142 1360 14 the the DT 39142 1360 15 effects effect NNS 39142 1360 16 of of IN 39142 1360 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1360 18 light light NN 39142 1360 19 and and CC 39142 1360 20 heat heat NN 39142 1360 21 upon upon IN 39142 1360 22 all all DT 39142 1360 23 vegetal vegetal JJ 39142 1360 24 and and CC 39142 1360 25 animal animal NN 39142 1360 26 life life NN 39142 1360 27 were be VBD 39142 1360 28 obvious obvious JJ 39142 1360 29 to to IN 39142 1360 30 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1360 31 . . . 39142 1361 1 Doubtless doubtless RB 39142 1361 2 this this DT 39142 1361 3 formed form VBD 39142 1361 4 the the DT 39142 1361 5 basis basis NN 39142 1361 6 for for IN 39142 1361 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1361 8 worship worship NN 39142 1361 9 of of IN 39142 1361 10 the the DT 39142 1361 11 sun sun NN 39142 1361 12 . . . 39142 1362 1 Occasional occasional JJ 39142 1362 2 huge huge JJ 39142 1362 3 spots spot NNS 39142 1362 4 must must MD 39142 1362 5 have have VB 39142 1362 6 been be VBN 39142 1362 7 visible visible JJ 39142 1362 8 to to IN 39142 1362 9 the the DT 39142 1362 10 naked naked JJ 39142 1362 11 eye eye NN 39142 1362 12 , , , 39142 1362 13 and and CC 39142 1362 14 the the DT 39142 1362 15 sun sun NN 39142 1362 16 's 's POS 39142 1362 17 corona corona NN 39142 1362 18 was be VBD 39142 1362 19 seen see VBN 39142 1362 20 at at IN 39142 1362 21 rare rare JJ 39142 1362 22 intervals interval NNS 39142 1362 23 . . . 39142 1363 1 Plutarch Plutarch NNP 39142 1363 2 and and CC 39142 1363 3 Philostratus Philostratus NNP 39142 1363 4 describe describe VBP 39142 1363 5 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1363 6 very very RB 39142 1363 7 much much RB 39142 1363 8 as as IN 39142 1363 9 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1363 10 see see VBP 39142 1363 11 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1363 12 to to IN 39142 1363 13 - - HYPH 39142 1363 14 day day NN 39142 1363 15 . . . 39142 1364 1 How how WRB 39142 1364 2 completely completely RB 39142 1364 3 dependent dependent JJ 39142 1364 4 mankind mankind NN 39142 1364 5 is be VBZ 39142 1364 6 upon upon IN 39142 1364 7 the the DT 39142 1364 8 sun sun NN 39142 1364 9 and and CC 39142 1364 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1364 11 powerful powerful JJ 39142 1364 12 radiations radiation NNS 39142 1364 13 , , , 39142 1364 14 only only RB 39142 1364 15 the the DT 39142 1364 16 science science NN 39142 1364 17 of of IN 39142 1364 18 the the DT 39142 1364 19 present present JJ 39142 1364 20 day day NN 39142 1364 21 can can MD 39142 1364 22 tell tell VB 39142 1364 23 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1364 24 . . . 39142 1365 1 By by IN 39142 1365 2 means mean NNS 39142 1365 3 of of IN 39142 1365 4 the the DT 39142 1365 5 sun sun NN 39142 1365 6 's 's POS 39142 1365 7 heat heat NN 39142 1365 8 the the DT 39142 1365 9 forests forest NNS 39142 1365 10 of of IN 39142 1365 11 early early JJ 39142 1365 12 geologic geologic JJ 39142 1365 13 ages age NNS 39142 1365 14 were be VBD 39142 1365 15 enabled enable VBN 39142 1365 16 to to TO 39142 1365 17 wrest wr JJS 39142 1365 18 carbon carbon NN 39142 1365 19 from from IN 39142 1365 20 the the DT 39142 1365 21 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1365 22 and and CC 39142 1365 23 store store VB 39142 1365 24 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1365 25 in in IN 39142 1365 26 forms form NNS 39142 1365 27 later later RB 39142 1365 28 converted convert VBN 39142 1365 29 by by IN 39142 1365 30 nature nature NN 39142 1365 31 's 's POS 39142 1365 32 chemistry chemistry NN 39142 1365 33 into into IN 39142 1365 34 peat peat NN 39142 1365 35 and and CC 39142 1365 36 coal coal NN 39142 1365 37 . . . 39142 1366 1 Through through IN 39142 1366 2 processes process NNS 39142 1366 3 but but CC 39142 1366 4 imperfectly imperfectly RB 39142 1366 5 understood understand VBD 39142 1366 6 , , , 39142 1366 7 the the DT 39142 1366 8 varying vary VBG 39142 1366 9 forms form NNS 39142 1366 10 of of IN 39142 1366 11 vegetable vegetable JJ 39142 1366 12 life life NN 39142 1366 13 are be VBP 39142 1366 14 empowered empower VBN 39142 1366 15 to to TO 39142 1366 16 conserve conserve VB 39142 1366 17 , , , 39142 1366 18 from from IN 39142 1366 19 air air NN 39142 1366 20 and and CC 39142 1366 21 soil soil NN 39142 1366 22 , , , 39142 1366 23 nitrogen nitrogen NN 39142 1366 24 and and CC 39142 1366 25 other other JJ 39142 1366 26 substances substance NNS 39142 1366 27 suitable suitable JJ 39142 1366 28 for for IN 39142 1366 29 and and CC 39142 1366 30 essential essential JJ 39142 1366 31 to to IN 39142 1366 32 the the DT 39142 1366 33 life life NN 39142 1366 34 maintenance maintenance NN 39142 1366 35 of of IN 39142 1366 36 animal animal NN 39142 1366 37 creatures creature NNS 39142 1366 38 . . . 39142 1367 1 Breezes breeze NNS 39142 1367 2 that that WDT 39142 1367 3 bring bring VBP 39142 1367 4 rain rain NN 39142 1367 5 and and CC 39142 1367 6 purify purify VB 39142 1367 7 the the DT 39142 1367 8 air air NN 39142 1367 9 ; ; : 39142 1367 10 the the DT 39142 1367 11 energy energy NN 39142 1367 12 of of IN 39142 1367 13 water water NN 39142 1367 14 held hold VBN 39142 1367 15 under under IN 39142 1367 16 storage storage NN 39142 1367 17 in in IN 39142 1367 18 stream stream NN 39142 1367 19 and and CC 39142 1367 20 dam dam NN 39142 1367 21 and and CC 39142 1367 22 fall fall VB 39142 1367 23 ; ; : 39142 1367 24 trade trade NN 39142 1367 25 winds wind NNS 39142 1367 26 facilitating facilitate VBG 39142 1367 27 commerce commerce NN 39142 1367 28 between between IN 39142 1367 29 the the DT 39142 1367 30 continents continent NNS 39142 1367 31 ; ; : 39142 1367 32 oceanic oceanic JJ 39142 1367 33 currents current NNS 39142 1367 34 modifying modify VBG 39142 1367 35 coastal coastal JJ 39142 1367 36 climates climate NNS 39142 1367 37 ; ; : 39142 1367 38 the the DT 39142 1367 39 violence violence NN 39142 1367 40 of of IN 39142 1367 41 tornado tornado NN 39142 1367 42 , , , 39142 1367 43 typhoon typhoon NN 39142 1367 44 and and CC 39142 1367 45 water water NN 39142 1367 46 - - HYPH 39142 1367 47 spout spout NN 39142 1367 48 , , , 39142 1367 49 together together RB 39142 1367 50 with with IN 39142 1367 51 other other JJ 39142 1367 52 manifestations manifestation NNS 39142 1367 53 of of IN 39142 1367 54 natural natural JJ 39142 1367 55 forces force NNS 39142 1367 56 -- -- : 39142 1367 57 all all DT 39142 1367 58 can can MD 39142 1367 59 be be VB 39142 1367 60 traced trace VBN 39142 1367 61 back back RB 39142 1367 62 to to IN 39142 1367 63 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1367 64 origin origin NN 39142 1367 65 in in IN 39142 1367 66 the the DT 39142 1367 67 tremendous tremendous JJ 39142 1367 68 heating heating NN 39142 1367 69 power power NN 39142 1367 70 of of IN 39142 1367 71 the the DT 39142 1367 72 solar solar JJ 39142 1367 73 rays ray NNS 39142 1367 74 . . . 39142 1368 1 In in IN 39142 1368 2 everything everything NN 39142 1368 3 material material NN 39142 1368 4 the the DT 39142 1368 5 sun sun NN 39142 1368 6 is be VBZ 39142 1368 7 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1368 8 constant constant JJ 39142 1368 9 and and CC 39142 1368 10 bountiful bountiful JJ 39142 1368 11 benefactor benefactor NN 39142 1368 12 . . . 39142 1369 1 If if IN 39142 1369 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1369 3 light light NN 39142 1369 4 and and CC 39142 1369 5 heat heat NN 39142 1369 6 were be VBD 39142 1369 7 withdrawn withdraw VBN 39142 1369 8 , , , 39142 1369 9 practically practically RB 39142 1369 10 every every DT 39142 1369 11 form form NN 39142 1369 12 of of IN 39142 1369 13 human human JJ 39142 1369 14 activity activity NN 39142 1369 15 on on IN 39142 1369 16 this this DT 39142 1369 17 planet planet NN 39142 1369 18 would would MD 39142 1369 19 come come VB 39142 1369 20 to to IN 39142 1369 21 an an DT 39142 1369 22 early early JJ 39142 1369 23 end end NN 39142 1369 24 . . . 39142 1370 1 How how WRB 39142 1370 2 far far RB 39142 1370 3 away away RB 39142 1370 4 is be VBZ 39142 1370 5 the the DT 39142 1370 6 sun sun NN 39142 1370 7 ? ? . 39142 1371 1 What what WP 39142 1371 2 is be VBZ 39142 1371 3 the the DT 39142 1371 4 size size NN 39142 1371 5 of of IN 39142 1371 6 the the DT 39142 1371 7 sun sun NN 39142 1371 8 ? ? . 39142 1372 1 These these DT 39142 1372 2 are be VBP 39142 1372 3 questions question NNS 39142 1372 4 that that WDT 39142 1372 5 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1372 6 of of IN 39142 1372 7 the the DT 39142 1372 8 present present JJ 39142 1372 9 day day NN 39142 1372 10 can can MD 39142 1372 11 answer answer VB 39142 1372 12 with with IN 39142 1372 13 accuracy accuracy NN 39142 1372 14 . . . 39142 1373 1 So so RB 39142 1373 2 closely closely RB 39142 1373 3 do do VBP 39142 1373 4 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1373 5 know know VB 39142 1373 6 the the DT 39142 1373 7 sun sun NN 39142 1373 8 's 's POS 39142 1373 9 distance distance NN 39142 1373 10 that that IN 39142 1373 11 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1373 12 is be VBZ 39142 1373 13 employed employ VBN 39142 1373 14 as as IN 39142 1373 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1373 16 yardstick yardstick NN 39142 1373 17 of of IN 39142 1373 18 the the DT 39142 1373 19 sky sky NN 39142 1373 20 , , , 39142 1373 21 or or CC 39142 1373 22 unit unit NN 39142 1373 23 of of IN 39142 1373 24 celestial celestial JJ 39142 1373 25 measurement measurement NN 39142 1373 26 . . . 39142 1374 1 Many many JJ 39142 1374 2 methods method NNS 39142 1374 3 have have VBP 39142 1374 4 been be VBN 39142 1374 5 utilized utilize VBN 39142 1374 6 in in IN 39142 1374 7 ascertaining ascertain VBG 39142 1374 8 the the DT 39142 1374 9 distance distance NN 39142 1374 10 of of IN 39142 1374 11 the the DT 39142 1374 12 sun sun NN 39142 1374 13 , , , 39142 1374 14 and and CC 39142 1374 15 the the DT 39142 1374 16 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 1374 17 agreement agreement NN 39142 1374 18 among among IN 39142 1374 19 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1374 20 all all DT 39142 1374 21 is be VBZ 39142 1374 22 very very RB 39142 1374 23 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 39142 1374 24 . . . 39142 1375 1 Some some DT 39142 1375 2 of of IN 39142 1375 3 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1375 4 depend depend VBP 39142 1375 5 upon upon IN 39142 1375 6 pure pure JJ 39142 1375 7 geometry geometry NN 39142 1375 8 , , , 39142 1375 9 and and CC 39142 1375 10 the the DT 39142 1375 11 basic basic JJ 39142 1375 12 measure measure NN 39142 1375 13 which which WDT 39142 1375 14 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1375 15 make make VBP 39142 1375 16 from from IN 39142 1375 17 the the DT 39142 1375 18 earth earth NN 39142 1375 19 is be VBZ 39142 1375 20 not not RB 39142 1375 21 the the DT 39142 1375 22 distance distance NN 39142 1375 23 of of IN 39142 1375 24 the the DT 39142 1375 25 sun sun NN 39142 1375 26 directly directly RB 39142 1375 27 ; ; : 39142 1375 28 but but CC 39142 1375 29 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1375 30 find find VBP 39142 1375 31 out out RP 39142 1375 32 how how WRB 39142 1375 33 far far RB 39142 1375 34 away away RB 39142 1375 35 Venus Venus NNP 39142 1375 36 is be VBZ 39142 1375 37 during during IN 39142 1375 38 a a DT 39142 1375 39 transit transit NN 39142 1375 40 of of IN 39142 1375 41 Venus Venus NNP 39142 1375 42 , , , 39142 1375 43 for for IN 39142 1375 44 example example NN 39142 1375 45 , , , 39142 1375 46 or or CC 39142 1375 47 how how WRB 39142 1375 48 far far RB 39142 1375 49 away away RB 39142 1375 50 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1375 51 is be VBZ 39142 1375 52 or or CC 39142 1375 53 some some DT 39142 1375 54 of of IN 39142 1375 55 the the DT 39142 1375 56 asteroids asteroid NNS 39142 1375 57 are be VBP 39142 1375 58 at at IN 39142 1375 59 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1375 60 closer close JJR 39142 1375 61 oppositions opposition NNS 39142 1375 62 . . . 39142 1376 1 Then then RB 39142 1376 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1376 3 is be VBZ 39142 1376 4 possible possible JJ 39142 1376 5 to to TO 39142 1376 6 calculate calculate VB 39142 1376 7 how how WRB 39142 1376 8 far far RB 39142 1376 9 away away RB 39142 1376 10 the the DT 39142 1376 11 sun sun NN 39142 1376 12 is be VBZ 39142 1376 13 , , , 39142 1376 14 because because IN 39142 1376 15 one one CD 39142 1376 16 measurement measurement NN 39142 1376 17 of of IN 39142 1376 18 distance distance NN 39142 1376 19 in in IN 39142 1376 20 the the DT 39142 1376 21 solar solar JJ 39142 1376 22 system system NN 39142 1376 23 affords afford VBZ 39142 1376 24 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1376 25 the the DT 39142 1376 26 scale scale NN 39142 1376 27 on on IN 39142 1376 28 which which WDT 39142 1376 29 the the DT 39142 1376 30 whole whole JJ 39142 1376 31 structure structure NN 39142 1376 32 is be VBZ 39142 1376 33 built build VBN 39142 1376 34 . . . 39142 1377 1 But but CC 39142 1377 2 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 1377 3 the the DT 39142 1377 4 simplest simple JJS 39142 1377 5 method method NN 39142 1377 6 of of IN 39142 1377 7 getting get VBG 39142 1377 8 the the DT 39142 1377 9 sun sun NN 39142 1377 10 's 's POS 39142 1377 11 distance distance NN 39142 1377 12 is be VBZ 39142 1377 13 by by IN 39142 1377 14 the the DT 39142 1377 15 velocity velocity NN 39142 1377 16 of of IN 39142 1377 17 light light NN 39142 1377 18 , , , 39142 1377 19 186,300 186,300 CD 39142 1377 20 miles mile NNS 39142 1377 21 a a DT 39142 1377 22 second second NN 39142 1377 23 . . . 39142 1378 1 From from IN 39142 1378 2 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1378 3 of of IN 39142 1378 4 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 1378 5 's 's POS 39142 1378 6 moons moon NNS 39142 1378 7 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1378 8 know know VBP 39142 1378 9 that that IN 39142 1378 10 light light NN 39142 1378 11 takes take VBZ 39142 1378 12 8 8 CD 39142 1378 13 minutes minute NNS 39142 1378 14 20 20 CD 39142 1378 15 seconds second NNS 39142 1378 16 to to TO 39142 1378 17 pass pass VB 39142 1378 18 from from IN 39142 1378 19 sun sun NN 39142 1378 20 to to IN 39142 1378 21 earth earth NN 39142 1378 22 . . . 39142 1379 1 So so RB 39142 1379 2 that that IN 39142 1379 3 the the DT 39142 1379 4 sun sun NN 39142 1379 5 's 's POS 39142 1379 6 distance distance NN 39142 1379 7 is be VBZ 39142 1379 8 the the DT 39142 1379 9 simple simple JJ 39142 1379 10 product product NN 39142 1379 11 of of IN 39142 1379 12 the the DT 39142 1379 13 two two CD 39142 1379 14 , , , 39142 1379 15 or or CC 39142 1379 16 93 93 CD 39142 1379 17 millions million NNS 39142 1379 18 of of IN 39142 1379 19 miles mile NNS 39142 1379 20 . . . 39142 1380 1 Once once IN 39142 1380 2 this this DT 39142 1380 3 fundamental fundamental JJ 39142 1380 4 unit unit NN 39142 1380 5 is be VBZ 39142 1380 6 established establish VBN 39142 1380 7 , , , 39142 1380 8 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1380 9 have have VBP 39142 1380 10 a a DT 39142 1380 11 firm firm JJ 39142 1380 12 basis basis NN 39142 1380 13 on on IN 39142 1380 14 which which WDT 39142 1380 15 to to TO 39142 1380 16 build build VB 39142 1380 17 up up RP 39142 1380 18 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1380 19 knowledge knowledge NN 39142 1380 20 of of IN 39142 1380 21 the the DT 39142 1380 22 distances distance NNS 39142 1380 23 , , , 39142 1380 24 the the DT 39142 1380 25 sizes size NNS 39142 1380 26 and and CC 39142 1380 27 motions motion NNS 39142 1380 28 of of IN 39142 1380 29 the the DT 39142 1380 30 heavenly heavenly JJ 39142 1380 31 bodies body NNS 39142 1380 32 , , , 39142 1380 33 especially especially RB 39142 1380 34 those those DT 39142 1380 35 that that WDT 39142 1380 36 comprise comprise VBP 39142 1380 37 the the DT 39142 1380 38 solar solar JJ 39142 1380 39 system system NN 39142 1380 40 . . . 39142 1381 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 1381 2 can can MD 39142 1381 3 at at IN 39142 1381 4 once once RB 39142 1381 5 ascertain ascertain VB 39142 1381 6 the the DT 39142 1381 7 size size NN 39142 1381 8 of of IN 39142 1381 9 the the DT 39142 1381 10 sun sun NN 39142 1381 11 , , , 39142 1381 12 which which WDT 39142 1381 13 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1381 14 do do VBP 39142 1381 15 by by IN 39142 1381 16 measuring measure VBG 39142 1381 17 the the DT 39142 1381 18 angle angle NN 39142 1381 19 which which WDT 39142 1381 20 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1381 21 fills fill VBZ 39142 1381 22 , , , 39142 1381 23 that that RB 39142 1381 24 is is RB 39142 1381 25 , , , 39142 1381 26 the the DT 39142 1381 27 sun sun NN 39142 1381 28 's 's POS 39142 1381 29 apparent apparent JJ 39142 1381 30 diameter diameter NN 39142 1381 31 . . . 39142 1382 1 Finding find VBG 39142 1382 2 this this DT 39142 1382 3 to to TO 39142 1382 4 be be VB 39142 1382 5 something something NN 39142 1382 6 over over IN 39142 1382 7 a a DT 39142 1382 8 half half PDT 39142 1382 9 a a DT 39142 1382 10 degree degree NN 39142 1382 11 in in IN 39142 1382 12 arc arc NNP 39142 1382 13 , , , 39142 1382 14 the the DT 39142 1382 15 processes process NNS 39142 1382 16 of of IN 39142 1382 17 elementary elementary JJ 39142 1382 18 trigonometry trigonometry NN 39142 1382 19 tell tell VB 39142 1382 20 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1382 21 that that IN 39142 1382 22 the the DT 39142 1382 23 sun sun NN 39142 1382 24 's 's POS 39142 1382 25 globe globe NN 39142 1382 26 is be VBZ 39142 1382 27 865,000 865,000 CD 39142 1382 28 miles mile NNS 39142 1382 29 in in IN 39142 1382 30 diameter diameter NN 39142 1382 31 . . . 39142 1383 1 For for IN 39142 1383 2 nearly nearly RB 39142 1383 3 a a DT 39142 1383 4 century century NN 39142 1383 5 this this DT 39142 1383 6 has have VBZ 39142 1383 7 been be VBN 39142 1383 8 accurately accurately RB 39142 1383 9 measured measure VBN 39142 1383 10 with with IN 39142 1383 11 the the DT 39142 1383 12 greatest great JJS 39142 1383 13 care care NN 39142 1383 14 , , , 39142 1383 15 and and CC 39142 1383 16 diameters diameter NNS 39142 1383 17 taken take VBN 39142 1383 18 in in RP 39142 1383 19 every every DT 39142 1383 20 direction direction NN 39142 1383 21 are be VBP 39142 1383 22 found find VBN 39142 1383 23 to to TO 39142 1383 24 be be VB 39142 1383 25 equal equal JJ 39142 1383 26 and and CC 39142 1383 27 invariably invariably RB 39142 1383 28 the the DT 39142 1383 29 same same JJ 39142 1383 30 . . . 39142 1384 1 So so RB 39142 1384 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1384 3 conclude conclude VBP 39142 1384 4 that that IN 39142 1384 5 the the DT 39142 1384 6 sun sun NN 39142 1384 7 is be VBZ 39142 1384 8 a a DT 39142 1384 9 perfect perfect JJ 39142 1384 10 sphere sphere NN 39142 1384 11 , , , 39142 1384 12 and and CC 39142 1384 13 so so RB 39142 1384 14 far far RB 39142 1384 15 as as IN 39142 1384 16 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1384 17 instruments instrument NNS 39142 1384 18 can can MD 39142 1384 19 inform inform VB 39142 1384 20 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1384 21 , , , 39142 1384 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1384 23 actual actual JJ 39142 1384 24 diameter diameter NN 39142 1384 25 is be VBZ 39142 1384 26 not not RB 39142 1384 27 subject subject JJ 39142 1384 28 to to IN 39142 1384 29 appreciable appreciable JJ 39142 1384 30 change change NN 39142 1384 31 . . . 39142 1385 1 The the DT 39142 1385 2 vastness vastness NN 39142 1385 3 of of IN 39142 1385 4 the the DT 39142 1385 5 sun sun NN 39142 1385 6 's 's POS 39142 1385 7 volume volume NN 39142 1385 8 commands command VBZ 39142 1385 9 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1385 10 attention attention NN 39142 1385 11 . . . 39142 1386 1 As as IN 39142 1386 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1386 3 diameter diameter NN 39142 1386 4 is be VBZ 39142 1386 5 110 110 CD 39142 1386 6 times time NNS 39142 1386 7 that that DT 39142 1386 8 of of IN 39142 1386 9 the the DT 39142 1386 10 earth earth NN 39142 1386 11 , , , 39142 1386 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1386 13 mere mere JJ 39142 1386 14 size size NN 39142 1386 15 or or CC 39142 1386 16 volume volume NN 39142 1386 17 is be VBZ 39142 1386 18 110×110×110 110×110×110 JJ 39142 1386 19 or or CC 39142 1386 20 1,300 1,300 CD 39142 1386 21 thousand thousand CD 39142 1386 22 times time NNS 39142 1386 23 that that DT 39142 1386 24 of of IN 39142 1386 25 the the DT 39142 1386 26 earth earth NN 39142 1386 27 , , , 39142 1386 28 because because IN 39142 1386 29 the the DT 39142 1386 30 volumes volume NNS 39142 1386 31 of of IN 39142 1386 32 spheres sphere NNS 39142 1386 33 are be VBP 39142 1386 34 in in IN 39142 1386 35 proportion proportion NN 39142 1386 36 as as IN 39142 1386 37 the the DT 39142 1386 38 cubes cube NNS 39142 1386 39 of of IN 39142 1386 40 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1386 41 diameters diameter NNS 39142 1386 42 . . . 39142 1387 1 If if IN 39142 1387 2 the the DT 39142 1387 3 materials material NNS 39142 1387 4 that that WDT 39142 1387 5 compose compose VBP 39142 1387 6 the the DT 39142 1387 7 sun sun NN 39142 1387 8 were be VBD 39142 1387 9 as as RB 39142 1387 10 heavy heavy JJ 39142 1387 11 as as IN 39142 1387 12 those those DT 39142 1387 13 that that WDT 39142 1387 14 make make VBP 39142 1387 15 up up RP 39142 1387 16 the the DT 39142 1387 17 earth earth NN 39142 1387 18 , , , 39142 1387 19 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1387 20 would would MD 39142 1387 21 take take VB 39142 1387 22 1,300 1,300 CD 39142 1387 23 thousand thousand CD 39142 1387 24 earths earth NNS 39142 1387 25 to to TO 39142 1387 26 weigh weigh VB 39142 1387 27 as as RB 39142 1387 28 much much RB 39142 1387 29 as as IN 39142 1387 30 the the DT 39142 1387 31 sun sun NN 39142 1387 32 does do VBZ 39142 1387 33 . . . 39142 1388 1 But but CC 39142 1388 2 by by IN 39142 1388 3 a a DT 39142 1388 4 method method NN 39142 1388 5 which which WDT 39142 1388 6 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1388 7 need need VBP 39142 1388 8 not not RB 39142 1388 9 detail detail VB 39142 1388 10 here here RB 39142 1388 11 , , , 39142 1388 12 the the DT 39142 1388 13 sun sun NN 39142 1388 14 's 's POS 39142 1388 15 actual actual JJ 39142 1388 16 weight weight NN 39142 1388 17 or or CC 39142 1388 18 mass mass NN 39142 1388 19 is be VBZ 39142 1388 20 found find VBN 39142 1388 21 to to TO 39142 1388 22 be be VB 39142 1388 23 only only RB 39142 1388 24 300 300 CD 39142 1388 25 thousand thousand CD 39142 1388 26 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1388 27 more more JJR 39142 1388 28 nearly nearly RB 39142 1388 29 330,000 330,000 CD 39142 1388 30 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1388 31 , , , 39142 1388 32 times time NNS 39142 1388 33 greater great JJR 39142 1388 34 than than IN 39142 1388 35 the the DT 39142 1388 36 earth earth NN 39142 1388 37 's 's POS 39142 1388 38 . . . 39142 1389 1 So so RB 39142 1389 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1389 3 must must MD 39142 1389 4 infer infer VB 39142 1389 5 that that IN 39142 1389 6 , , , 39142 1389 7 bulk bulk VB 39142 1389 8 for for IN 39142 1389 9 bulk bulk NN 39142 1389 10 , , , 39142 1389 11 the the DT 39142 1389 12 component component NN 39142 1389 13 materials material NNS 39142 1389 14 of of IN 39142 1389 15 the the DT 39142 1389 16 sun sun NN 39142 1389 17 are be VBP 39142 1389 18 about about RB 39142 1389 19 one one CD 39142 1389 20 - - HYPH 39142 1389 21 fourth fourth NN 39142 1389 22 lighter light JJR 39142 1389 23 than than IN 39142 1389 24 those those DT 39142 1389 25 of of IN 39142 1389 26 the the DT 39142 1389 27 earth earth NN 39142 1389 28 , , , 39142 1389 29 that that RB 39142 1389 30 is is RB 39142 1389 31 , , , 39142 1389 32 about about RB 39142 1389 33 one one CD 39142 1389 34 and and CC 39142 1389 35 one one CD 39142 1389 36 - - HYPH 39142 1389 37 half half NN 39142 1389 38 times time NNS 39142 1389 39 as as RB 39142 1389 40 dense dense JJ 39142 1389 41 as as IN 39142 1389 42 water water NN 39142 1389 43 . . . 39142 1390 1 To to TO 39142 1390 2 look look VB 39142 1390 3 at at IN 39142 1390 4 this this DT 39142 1390 5 in in IN 39142 1390 6 another another DT 39142 1390 7 way way NN 39142 1390 8 : : : 39142 1390 9 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1390 10 is be VBZ 39142 1390 11 known know VBN 39142 1390 12 that that IN 39142 1390 13 a a DT 39142 1390 14 body body NN 39142 1390 15 falling fall VBG 39142 1390 16 freely freely RB 39142 1390 17 toward toward IN 39142 1390 18 the the DT 39142 1390 19 earth earth NN 39142 1390 20 from from IN 39142 1390 21 outer outer JJ 39142 1390 22 space space NN 39142 1390 23 would would MD 39142 1390 24 acquire acquire VB 39142 1390 25 a a DT 39142 1390 26 speed speed NN 39142 1390 27 of of IN 39142 1390 28 seven seven CD 39142 1390 29 miles mile NNS 39142 1390 30 a a DT 39142 1390 31 second second JJ 39142 1390 32 , , , 39142 1390 33 whereas whereas IN 39142 1390 34 if if IN 39142 1390 35 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1390 36 were be VBD 39142 1390 37 to to TO 39142 1390 38 fall fall VB 39142 1390 39 toward toward IN 39142 1390 40 the the DT 39142 1390 41 sun sun NN 39142 1390 42 instead instead RB 39142 1390 43 , , , 39142 1390 44 the the DT 39142 1390 45 velocity velocity NN 39142 1390 46 would would MD 39142 1390 47 be be VB 39142 1390 48 383 383 CD 39142 1390 49 miles mile NNS 39142 1390 50 a a DT 39142 1390 51 second second NN 39142 1390 52 on on IN 39142 1390 53 reaching reach VBG 39142 1390 54 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1390 55 surface surface NN 39142 1390 56 . . . 39142 1391 1 If if IN 39142 1391 2 all all PDT 39142 1391 3 the the DT 39142 1391 4 other other JJ 39142 1391 5 bodies body NNS 39142 1391 6 of of IN 39142 1391 7 the the DT 39142 1391 8 solar solar JJ 39142 1391 9 system system NN 39142 1391 10 , , , 39142 1391 11 that that RB 39142 1391 12 is is RB 39142 1391 13 , , , 39142 1391 14 the the DT 39142 1391 15 earth earth NN 39142 1391 16 and and CC 39142 1391 17 moon moon NN 39142 1391 18 , , , 39142 1391 19 all all PDT 39142 1391 20 the the DT 39142 1391 21 planets planet NNS 39142 1391 22 and and CC 39142 1391 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1391 24 satellites satellite NNS 39142 1391 25 , , , 39142 1391 26 the the DT 39142 1391 27 comets comet NNS 39142 1391 28 and and CC 39142 1391 29 all all DT 39142 1391 30 were be VBD 39142 1391 31 to to TO 39142 1391 32 be be VB 39142 1391 33 fused fuse VBN 39142 1391 34 together together RB 39142 1391 35 in in IN 39142 1391 36 a a DT 39142 1391 37 single single JJ 39142 1391 38 globe globe NN 39142 1391 39 , , , 39142 1391 40 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1391 41 would would MD 39142 1391 42 weigh weigh VB 39142 1391 43 only only RB 39142 1391 44 one one CD 39142 1391 45 - - HYPH 39142 1391 46 seven seven CD 39142 1391 47 hundred hundred CD 39142 1391 48 and and CC 39142 1391 49 fiftieth fiftieth NN 39142 1391 50 as as RB 39142 1391 51 much much RB 39142 1391 52 as as IN 39142 1391 53 the the DT 39142 1391 54 sun sun NN 39142 1391 55 does do VBZ 39142 1391 56 . . . 39142 1392 1 At at IN 39142 1392 2 the the DT 39142 1392 3 surface surface NN 39142 1392 4 , , , 39142 1392 5 however however RB 39142 1392 6 , , , 39142 1392 7 the the DT 39142 1392 8 disproportion disproportion NN 39142 1392 9 of of IN 39142 1392 10 gravity gravity NN 39142 1392 11 is be VBZ 39142 1392 12 not not RB 39142 1392 13 so so RB 39142 1392 14 great great JJ 39142 1392 15 , , , 39142 1392 16 because because IN 39142 1392 17 of of IN 39142 1392 18 the the DT 39142 1392 19 sun sun NN 39142 1392 20 's 's POS 39142 1392 21 vast vast JJ 39142 1392 22 size size NN 39142 1392 23 : : : 39142 1392 24 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1392 25 is be VBZ 39142 1392 26 only only RB 39142 1392 27 about about RB 39142 1392 28 twenty twenty CD 39142 1392 29 - - HYPH 39142 1392 30 eight eight CD 39142 1392 31 times time NNS 39142 1392 32 greater great JJR 39142 1392 33 on on IN 39142 1392 34 the the DT 39142 1392 35 sun sun NN 39142 1392 36 than than IN 39142 1392 37 on on IN 39142 1392 38 the the DT 39142 1392 39 earth earth NN 39142 1392 40 ; ; : 39142 1392 41 and and CC 39142 1392 42 instead instead RB 39142 1392 43 of of IN 39142 1392 44 a a DT 39142 1392 45 body body NN 39142 1392 46 falling fall VBG 39142 1392 47 16 16 CD 39142 1392 48 feet foot NNS 39142 1392 49 the the DT 39142 1392 50 first first JJ 39142 1392 51 second second JJ 39142 1392 52 as as IN 39142 1392 53 here here RB 39142 1392 54 , , , 39142 1392 55 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1392 56 would would MD 39142 1392 57 fall fall VB 39142 1392 58 444 444 CD 39142 1392 59 feet foot NNS 39142 1392 60 there there RB 39142 1392 61 . . . 39142 1393 1 Pendulums pendulum NNS 39142 1393 2 of of IN 39142 1393 3 clocks clock NNS 39142 1393 4 on on IN 39142 1393 5 the the DT 39142 1393 6 sun sun NN 39142 1393 7 would would MD 39142 1393 8 swing swing VB 39142 1393 9 five five CD 39142 1393 10 times time NNS 39142 1393 11 for for IN 39142 1393 12 every every DT 39142 1393 13 tick tick NN 39142 1393 14 here here RB 39142 1393 15 , , , 39142 1393 16 and and CC 39142 1393 17 an an DT 39142 1393 18 athlete athlete NN 39142 1393 19 's 's POS 39142 1393 20 running run VBG 39142 1393 21 high high JJ 39142 1393 22 jump jump NN 39142 1393 23 would would MD 39142 1393 24 be be VB 39142 1393 25 scaled scale VBN 39142 1393 26 down down RP 39142 1393 27 to to IN 39142 1393 28 three three CD 39142 1393 29 inches inch NNS 39142 1393 30 . . . 39142 1394 1 Let let VB 39142 1394 2 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1394 3 next next JJ 39142 1394 4 inquire inquire NN 39142 1394 5 into into IN 39142 1394 6 the the DT 39142 1394 7 amount amount NN 39142 1394 8 of of IN 39142 1394 9 the the DT 39142 1394 10 sun sun NN 39142 1394 11 's 's POS 39142 1394 12 light light NN 39142 1394 13 and and CC 39142 1394 14 heat heat NN 39142 1394 15 , , , 39142 1394 16 and and CC 39142 1394 17 the the DT 39142 1394 18 enormously enormously RB 39142 1394 19 high high JJ 39142 1394 20 temperature temperature NN 39142 1394 21 of of IN 39142 1394 22 a a DT 39142 1394 23 body body NN 39142 1394 24 whose whose WP$ 39142 1394 25 heat heat NN 39142 1394 26 is be VBZ 39142 1394 27 so so RB 39142 1394 28 intense intense JJ 39142 1394 29 even even RB 39142 1394 30 at at IN 39142 1394 31 the the DT 39142 1394 32 vast vast JJ 39142 1394 33 distance distance NN 39142 1394 34 at at IN 39142 1394 35 which which WDT 39142 1394 36 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1394 37 are be VBP 39142 1394 38 from from IN 39142 1394 39 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1394 40 . . . 39142 1395 1 The the DT 39142 1395 2 intensity intensity NN 39142 1395 3 of of IN 39142 1395 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1395 5 brightness brightness NN 39142 1395 6 is be VBZ 39142 1395 7 such such JJ 39142 1395 8 that that IN 39142 1395 9 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1395 10 have have VBP 39142 1395 11 no no DT 39142 1395 12 artificial artificial JJ 39142 1395 13 source source NN 39142 1395 14 of of IN 39142 1395 15 light light NN 39142 1395 16 that that WDT 39142 1395 17 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1395 18 can can MD 39142 1395 19 readily readily RB 39142 1395 20 compare compare VB 39142 1395 21 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1395 22 with with IN 39142 1395 23 . . . 39142 1396 1 In in IN 39142 1396 2 the the DT 39142 1396 3 sky sky NN 39142 1396 4 the the DT 39142 1396 5 next next JJ 39142 1396 6 object object NN 39142 1396 7 in in IN 39142 1396 8 brightness brightness NN 39142 1396 9 is be VBZ 39142 1396 10 the the DT 39142 1396 11 full full JJ 39142 1396 12 moon moon NN 39142 1396 13 , , , 39142 1396 14 but but CC 39142 1396 15 that that DT 39142 1396 16 gives give VBZ 39142 1396 17 less less JJR 39142 1396 18 than than IN 39142 1396 19 the the DT 39142 1396 20 half half JJ 39142 1396 21 - - HYPH 39142 1396 22 millionth millionth NN 39142 1396 23 part part NN 39142 1396 24 as as IN 39142 1396 25 much much JJ 39142 1396 26 light light NN 39142 1396 27 as as IN 39142 1396 28 the the DT 39142 1396 29 sun sun NN 39142 1396 30 . . . 39142 1397 1 The the DT 39142 1397 2 standard standard JJ 39142 1397 3 candle candle NN 39142 1397 4 used use VBN 39142 1397 5 in in IN 39142 1397 6 physics physics NN 39142 1397 7 gives give VBZ 39142 1397 8 so so RB 39142 1397 9 little little JJ 39142 1397 10 light light NN 39142 1397 11 in in IN 39142 1397 12 comparison comparison NN 39142 1397 13 that that IN 39142 1397 14 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1397 15 have have VBP 39142 1397 16 to to TO 39142 1397 17 use use VB 39142 1397 18 an an DT 39142 1397 19 enormous enormous JJ 39142 1397 20 number number NN 39142 1397 21 to to TO 39142 1397 22 express express VB 39142 1397 23 the the DT 39142 1397 24 quantity quantity NN 39142 1397 25 of of IN 39142 1397 26 light light NN 39142 1397 27 that that WDT 39142 1397 28 the the DT 39142 1397 29 sun sun NN 39142 1397 30 gives give VBZ 39142 1397 31 . . . 39142 1398 1 A a DT 39142 1398 2 sperm sperm JJ 39142 1398 3 candle candle NN 39142 1398 4 burning burn VBG 39142 1398 5 120 120 CD 39142 1398 6 grains grain NNS 39142 1398 7 hourly hourly RB 39142 1398 8 is be VBZ 39142 1398 9 the the DT 39142 1398 10 standard standard NN 39142 1398 11 , , , 39142 1398 12 and and CC 39142 1398 13 if if IN 39142 1398 14 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1398 15 compare compare VBP 39142 1398 16 this this DT 39142 1398 17 with with IN 39142 1398 18 the the DT 39142 1398 19 sun sun NN 39142 1398 20 when when WRB 39142 1398 21 overhead overhead RB 39142 1398 22 , , , 39142 1398 23 and and CC 39142 1398 24 allow allow VB 39142 1398 25 for for IN 39142 1398 26 the the DT 39142 1398 27 light light NN 39142 1398 28 absorbed absorb VBN 39142 1398 29 by by IN 39142 1398 30 the the DT 39142 1398 31 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1398 32 , , , 39142 1398 33 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1398 34 get get VBP 39142 1398 35 the the DT 39142 1398 36 number number NN 39142 1398 37 1575 1575 CD 39142 1398 38 with with IN 39142 1398 39 twenty twenty CD 39142 1398 40 - - HYPH 39142 1398 41 four four CD 39142 1398 42 ciphers cipher NNS 39142 1398 43 following follow VBG 39142 1398 44 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1398 45 , , , 39142 1398 46 to to TO 39142 1398 47 express express VB 39142 1398 48 the the DT 39142 1398 49 candlepower candlepower NN 39142 1398 50 of of IN 39142 1398 51 the the DT 39142 1398 52 sun sun NN 39142 1398 53 's 's POS 39142 1398 54 light light NN 39142 1398 55 . . . 39142 1399 1 If if IN 39142 1399 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1399 3 interpose interpose VBP 39142 1399 4 the the DT 39142 1399 5 intense intense JJ 39142 1399 6 calcium calcium NN 39142 1399 7 light light NN 39142 1399 8 or or CC 39142 1399 9 an an DT 39142 1399 10 electric electric JJ 39142 1399 11 arc arc NN 39142 1399 12 light light NN 39142 1399 13 between between IN 39142 1399 14 the the DT 39142 1399 15 eye eye NN 39142 1399 16 and and CC 39142 1399 17 the the DT 39142 1399 18 sun sun NN 39142 1399 19 , , , 39142 1399 20 these these DT 39142 1399 21 artificial artificial JJ 39142 1399 22 sources source NNS 39142 1399 23 will will MD 39142 1399 24 look look VB 39142 1399 25 like like IN 39142 1399 26 black black JJ 39142 1399 27 spots spot NNS 39142 1399 28 on on IN 39142 1399 29 the the DT 39142 1399 30 disk disk NN 39142 1399 31 . . . 39142 1400 1 Indeed indeed RB 39142 1400 2 , , , 39142 1400 3 the the DT 39142 1400 4 sun sun NN 39142 1400 5 is be VBZ 39142 1400 6 nearly nearly RB 39142 1400 7 four four CD 39142 1400 8 times time NNS 39142 1400 9 brighter bright JJR 39142 1400 10 than than IN 39142 1400 11 the the DT 39142 1400 12 " " `` 39142 1400 13 crater crater NN 39142 1400 14 , , , 39142 1400 15 " " '' 39142 1400 16 or or CC 39142 1400 17 brightest bright JJS 39142 1400 18 part part NN 39142 1400 19 of of IN 39142 1400 20 the the DT 39142 1400 21 electric electric JJ 39142 1400 22 arc arc NN 39142 1400 23 . . . 39142 1401 1 The the DT 39142 1401 2 late late JJ 39142 1401 3 Professor Professor NNP 39142 1401 4 Langley Langley NNP 39142 1401 5 at at IN 39142 1401 6 a a DT 39142 1401 7 steel steel NN 39142 1401 8 works work VBZ 39142 1401 9 in in IN 39142 1401 10 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania NNP 39142 1401 11 once once RB 39142 1401 12 compared compare VBD 39142 1401 13 direct direct JJ 39142 1401 14 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 1401 15 with with IN 39142 1401 16 the the DT 39142 1401 17 dazzling dazzling JJ 39142 1401 18 stream stream NN 39142 1401 19 of of IN 39142 1401 20 molten molten JJ 39142 1401 21 metal metal NN 39142 1401 22 from from IN 39142 1401 23 a a DT 39142 1401 24 Bessemer Bessemer NNP 39142 1401 25 converter converter NN 39142 1401 26 ; ; : 39142 1401 27 but but CC 39142 1401 28 bright bright JJ 39142 1401 29 as as IN 39142 1401 30 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1401 31 was be VBD 39142 1401 32 , , , 39142 1401 33 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 1401 34 was be VBD 39142 1401 35 found find VBN 39142 1401 36 to to TO 39142 1401 37 be be VB 39142 1401 38 five five CD 39142 1401 39 thousand thousand CD 39142 1401 40 times time NNS 39142 1401 41 brighter bright JJR 39142 1401 42 . . . 39142 1402 1 Equally equally RB 39142 1402 2 enormous enormous JJ 39142 1402 3 is be VBZ 39142 1402 4 the the DT 39142 1402 5 heat heat NN 39142 1402 6 of of IN 39142 1402 7 the the DT 39142 1402 8 sun sun NN 39142 1402 9 . . . 39142 1403 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1403 2 intensest intense JJS 39142 1403 3 sources source NNS 39142 1403 4 of of IN 39142 1403 5 artificial artificial JJ 39142 1403 6 heat heat NN 39142 1403 7 do do VBP 39142 1403 8 not not RB 39142 1403 9 exceed exceed VB 39142 1403 10 4,000 4,000 CD 39142 1403 11 degrees degree NNS 39142 1403 12 Fahrenheit Fahrenheit NNP 39142 1403 13 , , , 39142 1403 14 but but CC 39142 1403 15 the the DT 39142 1403 16 temperature temperature NN 39142 1403 17 at at IN 39142 1403 18 the the DT 39142 1403 19 sun sun NN 39142 1403 20 's 's POS 39142 1403 21 surface surface NN 39142 1403 22 is be VBZ 39142 1403 23 probably probably RB 39142 1403 24 not not RB 39142 1403 25 less less JJR 39142 1403 26 than than IN 39142 1403 27 16,000 16,000 CD 39142 1403 28 degrees degree NNS 39142 1403 29 F. F. NNP 39142 1403 30 One one CD 39142 1403 31 square square JJ 39142 1403 32 meter meter NN 39142 1403 33 of of IN 39142 1403 34 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1403 35 surface surface NN 39142 1403 36 radiates radiate NNS 39142 1403 37 enough enough JJ 39142 1403 38 heat heat NN 39142 1403 39 to to TO 39142 1403 40 generate generate VB 39142 1403 41 100,000 100,000 CD 39142 1403 42 horsepower horsepower NN 39142 1403 43 continuously continuously RB 39142 1403 44 . . . 39142 1404 1 At at IN 39142 1404 2 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1404 3 vast vast JJ 39142 1404 4 distance distance NN 39142 1404 5 of of IN 39142 1404 6 93 93 CD 39142 1404 7 millions million NNS 39142 1404 8 of of IN 39142 1404 9 miles mile NNS 39142 1404 10 , , , 39142 1404 11 the the DT 39142 1404 12 sun sun NN 39142 1404 13 's 's POS 39142 1404 14 heat heat NN 39142 1404 15 received receive VBN 39142 1404 16 by by IN 39142 1404 17 the the DT 39142 1404 18 earth earth NN 39142 1404 19 is be VBZ 39142 1404 20 still still RB 39142 1404 21 powerful powerful JJ 39142 1404 22 enough enough RB 39142 1404 23 to to TO 39142 1404 24 melt melt VB 39142 1404 25 annually annually RB 39142 1404 26 a a DT 39142 1404 27 layer layer NN 39142 1404 28 of of IN 39142 1404 29 ice ice NN 39142 1404 30 on on IN 39142 1404 31 the the DT 39142 1404 32 earth earth NN 39142 1404 33 more more JJR 39142 1404 34 than than IN 39142 1404 35 a a DT 39142 1404 36 hundred hundred CD 39142 1404 37 feet foot NNS 39142 1404 38 in in IN 39142 1404 39 thickness thickness NN 39142 1404 40 . . . 39142 1405 1 If if IN 39142 1405 2 the the DT 39142 1405 3 solar solar JJ 39142 1405 4 heat heat NN 39142 1405 5 that that WDT 39142 1405 6 strikes strike VBZ 39142 1405 7 the the DT 39142 1405 8 deck deck NN 39142 1405 9 of of IN 39142 1405 10 a a DT 39142 1405 11 tropical tropical JJ 39142 1405 12 steamship steamship NN 39142 1405 13 could could MD 39142 1405 14 be be VB 39142 1405 15 fully fully RB 39142 1405 16 utilized utilize VBN 39142 1405 17 in in IN 39142 1405 18 propelling propel VBG 39142 1405 19 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1405 20 , , , 39142 1405 21 the the DT 39142 1405 22 speed speed NN 39142 1405 23 would would MD 39142 1405 24 reach reach VB 39142 1405 25 at at IN 39142 1405 26 least least JJS 39142 1405 27 ten ten CD 39142 1405 28 knots knot NNS 39142 1405 29 . . . 39142 1406 1 Many many JJ 39142 1406 2 attempts attempt NNS 39142 1406 3 have have VBP 39142 1406 4 been be VBN 39142 1406 5 made make VBN 39142 1406 6 in in IN 39142 1406 7 tropical tropical JJ 39142 1406 8 and and CC 39142 1406 9 sub sub JJ 39142 1406 10 - - JJ 39142 1406 11 tropical tropical JJ 39142 1406 12 climates climate NNS 39142 1406 13 to to TO 39142 1406 14 utilize utilize VB 39142 1406 15 the the DT 39142 1406 16 sun sun NN 39142 1406 17 's 's POS 39142 1406 18 heat heat NN 39142 1406 19 directly directly RB 39142 1406 20 for for IN 39142 1406 21 power power NN 39142 1406 22 , , , 39142 1406 23 and and CC 39142 1406 24 Ericsson Ericsson NNP 39142 1406 25 in in IN 39142 1406 26 Sweden Sweden NNP 39142 1406 27 , , , 39142 1406 28 Mouchot Mouchot NNP 39142 1406 29 in in IN 39142 1406 30 France France NNP 39142 1406 31 , , , 39142 1406 32 and and CC 39142 1406 33 Shuman Shuman NNP 39142 1406 34 in in IN 39142 1406 35 Egypt Egypt NNP 39142 1406 36 have have VBP 39142 1406 37 built build VBN 39142 1406 38 successful successful JJ 39142 1406 39 and and CC 39142 1406 40 efficient efficient JJ 39142 1406 41 solar solar JJ 39142 1406 42 engines engine NNS 39142 1406 43 . . . 39142 1407 1 Necessary necessary JJ 39142 1407 2 intermission intermission NN 39142 1407 3 of of IN 39142 1407 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1407 5 power power NN 39142 1407 6 at at IN 39142 1407 7 night night NN 39142 1407 8 , , , 39142 1407 9 as as RB 39142 1407 10 well well RB 39142 1407 11 as as IN 39142 1407 12 on on IN 39142 1407 13 cloudy cloudy JJ 39142 1407 14 days day NNS 39142 1407 15 , , , 39142 1407 16 will will MD 39142 1407 17 preclude preclude VB 39142 1407 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1407 19 industrial industrial JJ 39142 1407 20 introduction introduction NN 39142 1407 21 until until IN 39142 1407 22 present present JJ 39142 1407 23 fuels fuel NNS 39142 1407 24 have have VBP 39142 1407 25 advanced advance VBN 39142 1407 26 very very RB 39142 1407 27 greatly greatly RB 39142 1407 28 in in IN 39142 1407 29 cost cost NN 39142 1407 30 . . . 39142 1408 1 All all DT 39142 1408 2 regions region NNS 39142 1408 3 of of IN 39142 1408 4 the the DT 39142 1408 5 sun sun NN 39142 1408 6 's 's POS 39142 1408 7 disk disk NN 39142 1408 8 radiate radiate VBP 39142 1408 9 heat heat NN 39142 1408 10 uniformly uniformly RB 39142 1408 11 , , , 39142 1408 12 and and CC 39142 1408 13 the the DT 39142 1408 14 sun sun NN 39142 1408 15 's 's POS 39142 1408 16 own own JJ 39142 1408 17 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1408 18 absorbs absorb VBZ 39142 1408 19 so so RB 39142 1408 20 much much JJ 39142 1408 21 that that IN 39142 1408 22 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1408 23 should should MD 39142 1408 24 receive receive VB 39142 1408 25 1.7 1.7 CD 39142 1408 26 times time NNS 39142 1408 27 more more JJR 39142 1408 28 heat heat NN 39142 1408 29 if if IN 39142 1408 30 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1408 31 were be VBD 39142 1408 32 removed remove VBN 39142 1408 33 . . . 39142 1409 1 So so RB 39142 1409 2 far far RB 39142 1409 3 as as IN 39142 1409 4 is be VBZ 39142 1409 5 known know VBN 39142 1409 6 , , , 39142 1409 7 solar solar JJ 39142 1409 8 light light NN 39142 1409 9 and and CC 39142 1409 10 heat heat NN 39142 1409 11 are be VBP 39142 1409 12 radiated radiate VBN 39142 1409 13 equally equally RB 39142 1409 14 in in IN 39142 1409 15 all all DT 39142 1409 16 directions direction NNS 39142 1409 17 , , , 39142 1409 18 so so IN 39142 1409 19 that that IN 39142 1409 20 only only RB 39142 1409 21 a a DT 39142 1409 22 very very RB 39142 1409 23 minute minute JJ 39142 1409 24 fraction fraction NN 39142 1409 25 of of IN 39142 1409 26 the the DT 39142 1409 27 total total JJ 39142 1409 28 amount amount NN 39142 1409 29 ever ever RB 39142 1409 30 reaches reach VBZ 39142 1409 31 the the DT 39142 1409 32 earth earth NN 39142 1409 33 , , , 39142 1409 34 that that RB 39142 1409 35 is is RB 39142 1409 36 , , , 39142 1409 37 1 1 CD 39142 1409 38 2200 2200 CD 39142 1409 39 millionth millionth JJ 39142 1409 40 part part NN 39142 1409 41 of of IN 39142 1409 42 the the DT 39142 1409 43 whole whole NN 39142 1409 44 . . . 39142 1410 1 Indeed indeed RB 39142 1410 2 all all PDT 39142 1410 3 the the DT 39142 1410 4 planets planet NNS 39142 1410 5 and and CC 39142 1410 6 other other JJ 39142 1410 7 bodies body NNS 39142 1410 8 of of IN 39142 1410 9 the the DT 39142 1410 10 solar solar JJ 39142 1410 11 system system NN 39142 1410 12 together together RB 39142 1410 13 receive receive VB 39142 1410 14 only only RB 39142 1410 15 one one CD 39142 1410 16 one one CD 39142 1410 17 hundred hundred CD 39142 1410 18 millionth millionth NN 39142 1410 19 part part NN 39142 1410 20 ; ; : 39142 1410 21 the the DT 39142 1410 22 vast vast JJ 39142 1410 23 remainder remainder NN 39142 1410 24 is be VBZ 39142 1410 25 , , , 39142 1410 26 so so RB 39142 1410 27 far far RB 39142 1410 28 as as IN 39142 1410 29 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1410 30 know know VBP 39142 1410 31 , , , 39142 1410 32 effectively effectively RB 39142 1410 33 wasted waste VBN 39142 1410 34 . . . 39142 1411 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1411 2 is be VBZ 39142 1411 3 transformed transform VBN 39142 1411 4 , , , 39142 1411 5 but but CC 39142 1411 6 what what WP 39142 1411 7 becomes become VBZ 39142 1411 8 of of IN 39142 1411 9 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1411 10 , , , 39142 1411 11 and and CC 39142 1411 12 whether whether IN 39142 1411 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1411 14 ever ever RB 39142 1411 15 reappears reappear VBZ 39142 1411 16 in in IN 39142 1411 17 any any DT 39142 1411 18 other other JJ 39142 1411 19 form form NN 39142 1411 20 , , , 39142 1411 21 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1411 22 can can MD 39142 1411 23 not not RB 39142 1411 24 say say VB 39142 1411 25 . . . 39142 1412 1 How how WRB 39142 1412 2 is be VBZ 39142 1412 3 this this DT 39142 1412 4 inconceivably inconceivably RB 39142 1412 5 vast vast JJ 39142 1412 6 output output NN 39142 1412 7 of of IN 39142 1412 8 energy energy NN 39142 1412 9 maintained maintain VBN 39142 1412 10 practically practically RB 39142 1412 11 invariable invariable JJ 39142 1412 12 throughout throughout IN 39142 1412 13 the the DT 39142 1412 14 centuries century NNS 39142 1412 15 ? ? . 39142 1413 1 Many many JJ 39142 1413 2 theories theory NNS 39142 1413 3 have have VBP 39142 1413 4 been be VBN 39142 1413 5 advanced advance VBN 39142 1413 6 , , , 39142 1413 7 but but CC 39142 1413 8 only only RB 39142 1413 9 one one PRP 39142 1413 10 has have VBZ 39142 1413 11 received receive VBN 39142 1413 12 nearly nearly RB 39142 1413 13 universal universal JJ 39142 1413 14 assent assent NN 39142 1413 15 , , , 39142 1413 16 that that DT 39142 1413 17 of of IN 39142 1413 18 secular secular JJ 39142 1413 19 contraction contraction NN 39142 1413 20 of of IN 39142 1413 21 the the DT 39142 1413 22 sun sun NN 39142 1413 23 's 's POS 39142 1413 24 huge huge JJ 39142 1413 25 mass mass NN 39142 1413 26 upon upon IN 39142 1413 27 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 1413 28 . . . 39142 1414 1 Shrinkage shrinkage NN 39142 1414 2 means mean VBZ 39142 1414 3 evolution evolution NN 39142 1414 4 of of IN 39142 1414 5 heat heat NN 39142 1414 6 ; ; : 39142 1414 7 and and CC 39142 1414 8 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1414 9 is be VBZ 39142 1414 10 found find VBN 39142 1414 11 by by IN 39142 1414 12 calculation calculation NN 39142 1414 13 that that IN 39142 1414 14 if if IN 39142 1414 15 the the DT 39142 1414 16 sun sun NN 39142 1414 17 were be VBD 39142 1414 18 to to TO 39142 1414 19 contract contract VB 39142 1414 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1414 21 diameter diameter NN 39142 1414 22 by by IN 39142 1414 23 shrinking shrink VBG 39142 1414 24 only only RB 39142 1414 25 two two CD 39142 1414 26 - - HYPH 39142 1414 27 hundred hundred CD 39142 1414 28 and and CC 39142 1414 29 fifty fifty CD 39142 1414 30 feet foot NNS 39142 1414 31 per per IN 39142 1414 32 year year NN 39142 1414 33 , , , 39142 1414 34 the the DT 39142 1414 35 entire entire JJ 39142 1414 36 output output NN 39142 1414 37 of of IN 39142 1414 38 solar solar JJ 39142 1414 39 heat heat NN 39142 1414 40 might may MD 39142 1414 41 thus thus RB 39142 1414 42 be be VB 39142 1414 43 accounted account VBN 39142 1414 44 for for IN 39142 1414 45 . . . 39142 1415 1 So so RB 39142 1415 2 distant distant JJ 39142 1415 3 is be VBZ 39142 1415 4 the the DT 39142 1415 5 sun sun NN 39142 1415 6 and and CC 39142 1415 7 so so RB 39142 1415 8 slow slow JJ 39142 1415 9 this this DT 39142 1415 10 rate rate NN 39142 1415 11 of of IN 39142 1415 12 contraction contraction NN 39142 1415 13 that that WDT 39142 1415 14 centuries century NNS 39142 1415 15 must must MD 39142 1415 16 elapse elapse VB 39142 1415 17 before before IN 39142 1415 18 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1415 19 could could MD 39142 1415 20 verify verify VB 39142 1415 21 the the DT 39142 1415 22 theory theory NN 39142 1415 23 by by IN 39142 1415 24 actual actual JJ 39142 1415 25 measurements measurement NNS 39142 1415 26 . . . 39142 1416 1 Meanwhile meanwhile RB 39142 1416 2 , , , 39142 1416 3 the the DT 39142 1416 4 progress progress NN 39142 1416 5 of of IN 39142 1416 6 physical physical JJ 39142 1416 7 research research NN 39142 1416 8 on on IN 39142 1416 9 the the DT 39142 1416 10 structure structure NN 39142 1416 11 and and CC 39142 1416 12 elemental elemental JJ 39142 1416 13 properties property NNS 39142 1416 14 of of IN 39142 1416 15 matter matter NN 39142 1416 16 has have VBZ 39142 1416 17 brought bring VBN 39142 1416 18 to to TO 39142 1416 19 light light VB 39142 1416 20 the the DT 39142 1416 21 existence existence NN 39142 1416 22 of of IN 39142 1416 23 highly highly RB 39142 1416 24 active active JJ 39142 1416 25 internal internal JJ 39142 1416 26 forces force NNS 39142 1416 27 which which WDT 39142 1416 28 are be VBP 39142 1416 29 doubtless doubtless RB 39142 1416 30 intimately intimately RB 39142 1416 31 concerned concern VBN 39142 1416 32 in in IN 39142 1416 33 the the DT 39142 1416 34 enormous enormous JJ 39142 1416 35 output output NN 39142 1416 36 of of IN 39142 1416 37 radiant radiant JJ 39142 1416 38 energy energy NN 39142 1416 39 , , , 39142 1416 40 though though IN 39142 1416 41 the the DT 39142 1416 42 mechanism mechanism NN 39142 1416 43 of of IN 39142 1416 44 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1416 45 maintenance maintenance NN 39142 1416 46 is be VBZ 39142 1416 47 as as RB 39142 1416 48 yet yet RB 39142 1416 49 known know VBN 39142 1416 50 only only RB 39142 1416 51 in in IN 39142 1416 52 part part NN 39142 1416 53 . . . 39142 1417 1 Abbot Abbot NNP 39142 1417 2 , , , 39142 1417 3 from from IN 39142 1417 4 many many JJ 39142 1417 5 years year NNS 39142 1417 6 ' ' POS 39142 1417 7 observations observation NNS 39142 1417 8 of of IN 39142 1417 9 the the DT 39142 1417 10 solar solar JJ 39142 1417 11 constant constant NN 39142 1417 12 , , , 39142 1417 13 at at IN 39142 1417 14 Washington Washington NNP 39142 1417 15 , , , 39142 1417 16 on on IN 39142 1417 17 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1417 18 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 1417 19 , , , 39142 1417 20 and and CC 39142 1417 21 in in IN 39142 1417 22 Algeria Algeria NNP 39142 1417 23 , , , 39142 1417 24 finds find VBZ 39142 1417 25 certain certain JJ 39142 1417 26 evidence evidence NN 39142 1417 27 of of IN 39142 1417 28 fluctuation fluctuation NN 39142 1417 29 in in IN 39142 1417 30 the the DT 39142 1417 31 solar solar JJ 39142 1417 32 heat heat NN 39142 1417 33 received receive VBN 39142 1417 34 by by IN 39142 1417 35 the the DT 39142 1417 36 earth earth NN 39142 1417 37 . . . 39142 1418 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1418 2 can can MD 39142 1418 3 not not RB 39142 1418 4 be be VB 39142 1418 5 a a DT 39142 1418 6 local local JJ 39142 1418 7 phenomenon phenomenon NN 39142 1418 8 due due IN 39142 1418 9 to to IN 39142 1418 10 disturbances disturbance NNS 39142 1418 11 in in IN 39142 1418 12 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1418 13 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1418 14 , , , 39142 1418 15 but but CC 39142 1418 16 must must MD 39142 1418 17 originate originate VB 39142 1418 18 in in IN 39142 1418 19 causes cause NNS 39142 1418 20 entirely entirely RB 39142 1418 21 extraneous extraneous JJ 39142 1418 22 to to IN 39142 1418 23 the the DT 39142 1418 24 earth earth NN 39142 1418 25 . . . 39142 1419 1 Interposition interposition NN 39142 1419 2 of of IN 39142 1419 3 meteoric meteoric JJ 39142 1419 4 dust dust NN 39142 1419 5 might may MD 39142 1419 6 conceivably conceivably RB 39142 1419 7 account account VB 39142 1419 8 for for IN 39142 1419 9 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1419 10 , , , 39142 1419 11 but but CC 39142 1419 12 there there EX 39142 1419 13 is be VBZ 39142 1419 14 sufficient sufficient JJ 39142 1419 15 evidence evidence NN 39142 1419 16 to to TO 39142 1419 17 show show VB 39142 1419 18 that that IN 39142 1419 19 the the DT 39142 1419 20 changes change NNS 39142 1419 21 must must MD 39142 1419 22 be be VB 39142 1419 23 attributed attribute VBN 39142 1419 24 to to IN 39142 1419 25 the the DT 39142 1419 26 sun sun NN 39142 1419 27 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 1419 28 . . . 39142 1420 1 The the DT 39142 1420 2 sun sun NN 39142 1420 3 , , , 39142 1420 4 then then RB 39142 1420 5 , , , 39142 1420 6 is be VBZ 39142 1420 7 a a DT 39142 1420 8 variable variable JJ 39142 1420 9 star star NN 39142 1420 10 ; ; : 39142 1420 11 and and CC 39142 1420 12 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1420 13 has have VBZ 39142 1420 14 not not RB 39142 1420 15 only only RB 39142 1420 16 a a DT 39142 1420 17 period period NN 39142 1420 18 connected connect VBN 39142 1420 19 with with IN 39142 1420 20 the the DT 39142 1420 21 periodicity periodicity NN 39142 1420 22 of of IN 39142 1420 23 the the DT 39142 1420 24 sun sun NN 39142 1420 25 spots spot NNS 39142 1420 26 , , , 39142 1420 27 but but CC 39142 1420 28 also also RB 39142 1420 29 an an DT 39142 1420 30 irregular irregular JJ 39142 1420 31 , , , 39142 1420 32 nonperiodic nonperiodic JJ 39142 1420 33 variation variation NN 39142 1420 34 during during IN 39142 1420 35 a a DT 39142 1420 36 cycle cycle NN 39142 1420 37 of of IN 39142 1420 38 a a DT 39142 1420 39 week week NN 39142 1420 40 or or CC 39142 1420 41 ten ten CD 39142 1420 42 days day NNS 39142 1420 43 , , , 39142 1420 44 though though IN 39142 1420 45 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 1420 46 longer long RBR 39142 1420 47 , , , 39142 1420 48 and and CC 39142 1420 49 occasioning occasion VBG 39142 1420 50 irregular irregular JJ 39142 1420 51 fluctuations fluctuation NNS 39142 1420 52 of of IN 39142 1420 53 two two CD 39142 1420 54 to to TO 39142 1420 55 ten ten CD 39142 1420 56 per per IN 39142 1420 57 cent cent NN 39142 1420 58 of of IN 39142 1420 59 the the DT 39142 1420 60 total total JJ 39142 1420 61 radiation radiation NN 39142 1420 62 . . . 39142 1421 1 Radiation radiation NN 39142 1421 2 is be VBZ 39142 1421 3 found find VBN 39142 1421 4 to to TO 39142 1421 5 increase increase VB 39142 1421 6 with with IN 39142 1421 7 the the DT 39142 1421 8 spottedness spottedness NN 39142 1421 9 . . . 39142 1422 1 Attempts attempt NNS 39142 1422 2 have have VBP 39142 1422 3 been be VBN 39142 1422 4 made make VBN 39142 1422 5 on on IN 39142 1422 6 the the DT 39142 1422 7 basis basis NN 39142 1422 8 of of IN 39142 1422 9 the the DT 39142 1422 10 contraction contraction NN 39142 1422 11 theory theory NN 39142 1422 12 to to TO 39142 1422 13 find find VB 39142 1422 14 out out RP 39142 1422 15 the the DT 39142 1422 16 past past JJ 39142 1422 17 history history NN 39142 1422 18 of of IN 39142 1422 19 the the DT 39142 1422 20 sun sun NN 39142 1422 21 and and CC 39142 1422 22 to to TO 39142 1422 23 predict predict VB 39142 1422 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1422 25 future future NN 39142 1422 26 . . . 39142 1423 1 Probably probably RB 39142 1423 2 20 20 CD 39142 1423 3 to to TO 39142 1423 4 50 50 CD 39142 1423 5 millions million NNS 39142 1423 6 of of IN 39142 1423 7 years year NNS 39142 1423 8 in in IN 39142 1423 9 the the DT 39142 1423 10 past past NN 39142 1423 11 represents represent VBZ 39142 1423 12 the the DT 39142 1423 13 life life NN 39142 1423 14 of of IN 39142 1423 15 the the DT 39142 1423 16 sun sun NN 39142 1423 17 much much RB 39142 1423 18 as as IN 39142 1423 19 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1423 20 is be VBZ 39142 1423 21 at at IN 39142 1423 22 present present JJ 39142 1423 23 ; ; : 39142 1423 24 and and CC 39142 1423 25 if if IN 39142 1423 26 solar solar JJ 39142 1423 27 radiation radiation NN 39142 1423 28 in in IN 39142 1423 29 the the DT 39142 1423 30 future future NN 39142 1423 31 is be VBZ 39142 1423 32 maintained maintain VBN 39142 1423 33 substantially substantially RB 39142 1423 34 as as IN 39142 1423 35 now now RB 39142 1423 36 , , , 39142 1423 37 the the DT 39142 1423 38 sun sun NN 39142 1423 39 will will MD 39142 1423 40 have have VB 39142 1423 41 shrunk shrink VBN 39142 1423 42 to to IN 39142 1423 43 one one CD 39142 1423 44 - - HYPH 39142 1423 45 half half NN 39142 1423 46 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1423 47 present present JJ 39142 1423 48 diameter diameter NN 39142 1423 49 in in IN 39142 1423 50 the the DT 39142 1423 51 next next JJ 39142 1423 52 five five CD 39142 1423 53 million million CD 39142 1423 54 years year NNS 39142 1423 55 . . . 39142 1424 1 So so RB 39142 1424 2 far far RB 39142 1424 3 then then RB 39142 1424 4 as as IN 39142 1424 5 heat heat NN 39142 1424 6 and and CC 39142 1424 7 light light NN 39142 1424 8 from from IN 39142 1424 9 the the DT 39142 1424 10 sun sun NN 39142 1424 11 are be VBP 39142 1424 12 concerned concern VBN 39142 1424 13 , , , 39142 1424 14 the the DT 39142 1424 15 sun sun NN 39142 1424 16 may may MD 39142 1424 17 continue continue VB 39142 1424 18 to to TO 39142 1424 19 support support VB 39142 1424 20 life life NN 39142 1424 21 on on IN 39142 1424 22 the the DT 39142 1424 23 earth earth NN 39142 1424 24 not not RB 39142 1424 25 to to TO 39142 1424 26 exceed exceed VB 39142 1424 27 ten ten CD 39142 1424 28 million million CD 39142 1424 29 years year NNS 39142 1424 30 in in IN 39142 1424 31 the the DT 39142 1424 32 future future NN 39142 1424 33 . . . 39142 1425 1 But but CC 39142 1425 2 the the DT 39142 1425 3 sun sun NN 39142 1425 4 's 's POS 39142 1425 5 own own JJ 39142 1425 6 existence existence NN 39142 1425 7 , , , 39142 1425 8 independently independently RB 39142 1425 9 of of IN 39142 1425 10 the the DT 39142 1425 11 orbs orb NNS 39142 1425 12 of of IN 39142 1425 13 the the DT 39142 1425 14 system system NN 39142 1425 15 dependent dependent JJ 39142 1425 16 upon upon IN 39142 1425 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1425 18 , , , 39142 1425 19 might may MD 39142 1425 20 continue continue VB 39142 1425 21 for for IN 39142 1425 22 indefinite indefinite JJ 39142 1425 23 millions million NNS 39142 1425 24 of of IN 39142 1425 25 aeons aeon NNS 39142 1425 26 before before IN 39142 1425 27 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1425 28 would would MD 39142 1425 29 ever ever RB 39142 1425 30 become become VB 39142 1425 31 a a DT 39142 1425 32 cold cold JJ 39142 1425 33 dead dead JJ 39142 1425 34 globe globe NN 39142 1425 35 ; ; : 39142 1425 36 indeed indeed RB 39142 1425 37 , , , 39142 1425 38 in in IN 39142 1425 39 the the DT 39142 1425 40 present present JJ 39142 1425 41 state state NN 39142 1425 42 of of IN 39142 1425 43 science science NN 39142 1425 44 , , , 39142 1425 45 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1425 46 can can MD 39142 1425 47 not not RB 39142 1425 48 be be VB 39142 1425 49 sure sure JJ 39142 1425 50 that that IN 39142 1425 51 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1425 52 is be VBZ 39142 1425 53 destined destine VBN 39142 1425 54 to to TO 39142 1425 55 reach reach VB 39142 1425 56 that that DT 39142 1425 57 condition condition NN 39142 1425 58 within within IN 39142 1425 59 calculable calculable JJ 39142 1425 60 time time NN 39142 1425 61 . . . 39142 1426 1 A a DT 39142 1426 2 few few JJ 39142 1426 3 words word NNS 39142 1426 4 on on IN 39142 1426 5 observing observe VBG 39142 1426 6 the the DT 39142 1426 7 sun sun NN 39142 1426 8 , , , 39142 1426 9 an an DT 39142 1426 10 object object NN 39142 1426 11 much much RB 39142 1426 12 neglected neglect VBN 39142 1426 13 by by IN 39142 1426 14 amateurs amateur NNS 39142 1426 15 . . . 39142 1427 1 On on IN 39142 1427 2 account account NN 39142 1427 3 of of IN 39142 1427 4 the the DT 39142 1427 5 intense intense JJ 39142 1427 6 light light NN 39142 1427 7 , , , 39142 1427 8 a a DT 39142 1427 9 very very RB 39142 1427 10 slight slight JJ 39142 1427 11 degree degree NN 39142 1427 12 of of IN 39142 1427 13 optical optical JJ 39142 1427 14 power power NN 39142 1427 15 is be VBZ 39142 1427 16 sufficient sufficient JJ 39142 1427 17 . . . 39142 1428 1 Indeed indeed RB 39142 1428 2 a a DT 39142 1428 3 piece piece NN 39142 1428 4 of of IN 39142 1428 5 window window NN 39142 1428 6 glass glass NN 39142 1428 7 , , , 39142 1428 8 smoked smoke VBN 39142 1428 9 in in IN 39142 1428 10 a a DT 39142 1428 11 candle candle NN 39142 1428 12 flame flame NN 39142 1428 13 with with IN 39142 1428 14 uniform uniform JJ 39142 1428 15 graduation graduation NN 39142 1428 16 from from IN 39142 1428 17 end end NN 39142 1428 18 to to IN 39142 1428 19 end end NN 39142 1428 20 , , , 39142 1428 21 will will MD 39142 1428 22 be be VB 39142 1428 23 found find VBN 39142 1428 24 worth worth JJ 39142 1428 25 while while IN 39142 1428 26 in in IN 39142 1428 27 a a DT 39142 1428 28 beginner beginner NN 39142 1428 29 's 's POS 39142 1428 30 daily daily JJ 39142 1428 31 observation observation NN 39142 1428 32 of of IN 39142 1428 33 the the DT 39142 1428 34 sun sun NN 39142 1428 35 . . . 39142 1429 1 The the DT 39142 1429 2 glass glass NN 39142 1429 3 should should MD 39142 1429 4 be be VB 39142 1429 5 smoked smoke VBN 39142 1429 6 densely densely RB 39142 1429 7 enough enough RB 39142 1429 8 at at IN 39142 1429 9 one one CD 39142 1429 10 end end NN 39142 1429 11 so so IN 39142 1429 12 that that IN 39142 1429 13 the the DT 39142 1429 14 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 1429 15 as as IN 39142 1429 16 seen see VBN 39142 1429 17 through through IN 39142 1429 18 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1429 19 will will MD 39142 1429 20 not not RB 39142 1429 21 dazzle dazzle VB 39142 1429 22 the the DT 39142 1429 23 eye eye NN 39142 1429 24 on on IN 39142 1429 25 the the DT 39142 1429 26 clearest clear JJS 39142 1429 27 days day NNS 39142 1429 28 . . . 39142 1430 1 At at IN 39142 1430 2 the the DT 39142 1430 3 other other JJ 39142 1430 4 end end NN 39142 1430 5 of of IN 39142 1430 6 the the DT 39142 1430 7 glass glass NN 39142 1430 8 , , , 39142 1430 9 the the DT 39142 1430 10 degree degree NN 39142 1430 11 of of IN 39142 1430 12 smoke smoke NN 39142 1430 13 film film NN 39142 1430 14 should should MD 39142 1430 15 not not RB 39142 1430 16 be be VB 39142 1430 17 quite quite RB 39142 1430 18 so so RB 39142 1430 19 dense dense JJ 39142 1430 20 , , , 39142 1430 21 so so IN 39142 1430 22 that that IN 39142 1430 23 the the DT 39142 1430 24 sun sun NN 39142 1430 25 can can MD 39142 1430 26 be be VB 39142 1430 27 examined examine VBN 39142 1430 28 on on IN 39142 1430 29 hazy hazy NNS 39142 1430 30 , , , 39142 1430 31 foggy foggy JJ 39142 1430 32 or or CC 39142 1430 33 partly partly RB 39142 1430 34 cloudy cloudy JJ 39142 1430 35 days day NNS 39142 1430 36 . . . 39142 1431 1 An an DT 39142 1431 2 occasional occasional JJ 39142 1431 3 naked naked JJ 39142 1431 4 - - HYPH 39142 1431 5 eye eye NN 39142 1431 6 spot spot NN 39142 1431 7 will will MD 39142 1431 8 reward reward VB 39142 1431 9 the the DT 39142 1431 10 patient patient JJ 39142 1431 11 observer observer NN 39142 1431 12 . . . 39142 1432 1 If if IN 39142 1432 2 a a DT 39142 1432 3 small small JJ 39142 1432 4 spyglass spyglass NN 39142 1432 5 , , , 39142 1432 6 opera opera NN 39142 1432 7 glass glass NN 39142 1432 8 or or CC 39142 1432 9 field field NN 39142 1432 10 glass glass NN 39142 1432 11 is be VBZ 39142 1432 12 at at IN 39142 1432 13 hand hand NN 39142 1432 14 , , , 39142 1432 15 excellent excellent JJ 39142 1432 16 views view NNS 39142 1432 17 of of IN 39142 1432 18 the the DT 39142 1432 19 sun sun NN 39142 1432 20 may may MD 39142 1432 21 be be VB 39142 1432 22 had have VBN 39142 1432 23 by by IN 39142 1432 24 mounting mount VBG 39142 1432 25 the the DT 39142 1432 26 glass glass NN 39142 1432 27 so so IN 39142 1432 28 that that IN 39142 1432 29 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1432 30 can can MD 39142 1432 31 be be VB 39142 1432 32 held hold VBN 39142 1432 33 steadily steadily RB 39142 1432 34 pointed point VBN 39142 1432 35 on on IN 39142 1432 36 the the DT 39142 1432 37 sun sun NN 39142 1432 38 , , , 39142 1432 39 and and CC 39142 1432 40 then then RB 39142 1432 41 viewing view VBG 39142 1432 42 the the DT 39142 1432 43 disk disk NN 39142 1432 44 by by IN 39142 1432 45 projection projection NN 39142 1432 46 on on IN 39142 1432 47 a a DT 39142 1432 48 white white JJ 39142 1432 49 card card NN 39142 1432 50 or or CC 39142 1432 51 sheet sheet NN 39142 1432 52 of of IN 39142 1432 53 paper paper NN 39142 1432 54 . . . 39142 1433 1 Care care NN 39142 1433 2 must must MD 39142 1433 3 be be VB 39142 1433 4 taken take VBN 39142 1433 5 to to TO 39142 1433 6 get get VB 39142 1433 7 a a DT 39142 1433 8 good good JJ 39142 1433 9 focus focus NN 39142 1433 10 on on IN 39142 1433 11 the the DT 39142 1433 12 projected project VBN 39142 1433 13 image image NN 39142 1433 14 , , , 39142 1433 15 and and CC 39142 1433 16 then then RB 39142 1433 17 the the DT 39142 1433 18 faculæ faculæ NN 39142 1433 19 , , , 39142 1433 20 or or CC 39142 1433 21 whitish whitish JJ 39142 1433 22 spots spot NNS 39142 1433 23 , , , 39142 1433 24 or or CC 39142 1433 25 mottling mottle VBG 39142 1433 26 nearer nearer VB 39142 1433 27 the the DT 39142 1433 28 sun sun NN 39142 1433 29 's 's POS 39142 1433 30 edge edge NN 39142 1433 31 will will MD 39142 1433 32 usually usually RB 39142 1433 33 be be VB 39142 1433 34 well well RB 39142 1433 35 seen see VBN 39142 1433 36 . . . 39142 1434 1 By by IN 39142 1434 2 moving move VBG 39142 1434 3 the the DT 39142 1434 4 card card NN 39142 1434 5 farther farther RB 39142 1434 6 away away RB 39142 1434 7 from from IN 39142 1434 8 the the DT 39142 1434 9 eyepiece eyepiece NN 39142 1434 10 , , , 39142 1434 11 a a DT 39142 1434 12 larger large JJR 39142 1434 13 disk disk NN 39142 1434 14 may may MD 39142 1434 15 be be VB 39142 1434 16 obtained obtain VBN 39142 1434 17 , , , 39142 1434 18 in in IN 39142 1434 19 effect effect NN 39142 1434 20 a a DT 39142 1434 21 higher high JJR 39142 1434 22 degree degree NN 39142 1434 23 of of IN 39142 1434 24 magnification magnification NN 39142 1434 25 . . . 39142 1435 1 But but CC 39142 1435 2 care care NN 39142 1435 3 must must MD 39142 1435 4 be be VB 39142 1435 5 used use VBN 39142 1435 6 not not RB 39142 1435 7 to to TO 39142 1435 8 increase increase VB 39142 1435 9 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1435 10 too too RB 39142 1435 11 much much RB 39142 1435 12 . . . 39142 1436 1 Keep keep VB 39142 1436 2 direct direct JJ 39142 1436 3 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 1436 4 outside outside IN 39142 1436 5 the the DT 39142 1436 6 tube tube NN 39142 1436 7 from from IN 39142 1436 8 falling fall VBG 39142 1436 9 on on IN 39142 1436 10 the the DT 39142 1436 11 card card NN 39142 1436 12 where where WRB 39142 1436 13 the the DT 39142 1436 14 image image NN 39142 1436 15 is be VBZ 39142 1436 16 being be VBG 39142 1436 17 examined examine VBN 39142 1436 18 . . . 39142 1437 1 This this DT 39142 1437 2 is be VBZ 39142 1437 3 conveniently conveniently RB 39142 1437 4 done do VBN 39142 1437 5 by by IN 39142 1437 6 cutting cut VBG 39142 1437 7 a a DT 39142 1437 8 large large JJ 39142 1437 9 hole hole NN 39142 1437 10 , , , 39142 1437 11 the the DT 39142 1437 12 size size NN 39142 1437 13 of of IN 39142 1437 14 the the DT 39142 1437 15 brass brass NN 39142 1437 16 cell cell NN 39142 1437 17 of of IN 39142 1437 18 the the DT 39142 1437 19 object object NN 39142 1437 20 glass glass NN 39142 1437 21 , , , 39142 1437 22 through through IN 39142 1437 23 a a DT 39142 1437 24 sheet sheet NN 39142 1437 25 of of IN 39142 1437 26 corrugated corrugate VBN 39142 1437 27 strawboard strawboard NN 39142 1437 28 , , , 39142 1437 29 and and CC 39142 1437 30 slipping slip VBG 39142 1437 31 this this DT 39142 1437 32 on on RP 39142 1437 33 over over IN 39142 1437 34 the the DT 39142 1437 35 cell cell NN 39142 1437 36 . . . 39142 1438 1 In in IN 39142 1438 2 this this DT 39142 1438 3 way way NN 39142 1438 4 the the DT 39142 1438 5 spots spot NNS 39142 1438 6 on on IN 39142 1438 7 the the DT 39142 1438 8 sun sun NN 39142 1438 9 can can MD 39142 1438 10 be be VB 39142 1438 11 examined examine VBN 39142 1438 12 with with IN 39142 1438 13 ease ease NN 39142 1438 14 and and CC 39142 1438 15 safety safety NN 39142 1438 16 to to IN 39142 1438 17 the the DT 39142 1438 18 eye eye NN 39142 1438 19 . . . 39142 1439 1 For for IN 39142 1439 2 large large JJ 39142 1439 3 instruments instrument NNS 39142 1439 4 a a DT 39142 1439 5 special special JJ 39142 1439 6 type type NN 39142 1439 7 of of IN 39142 1439 8 eyepiece eyepiece NN 39142 1439 9 is be VBZ 39142 1439 10 provided provide VBN 39142 1439 11 known know VBN 39142 1439 12 as as IN 39142 1439 13 a a DT 39142 1439 14 helioscope helioscope NN 39142 1439 15 , , , 39142 1439 16 which which WDT 39142 1439 17 disposes dispose VBZ 39142 1439 18 of of IN 39142 1439 19 the the DT 39142 1439 20 intense intense JJ 39142 1439 21 heat heat NN 39142 1439 22 rays ray NNS 39142 1439 23 that that WDT 39142 1439 24 are be VBP 39142 1439 25 harmful harmful JJ 39142 1439 26 to to IN 39142 1439 27 the the DT 39142 1439 28 eye eye NN 39142 1439 29 . . . 39142 1440 1 Frequent frequent JJ 39142 1440 2 examination examination NN 39142 1440 3 of of IN 39142 1440 4 the the DT 39142 1440 5 eyepiece eyepiece NN 39142 1440 6 should should MD 39142 1440 7 be be VB 39142 1440 8 made make VBN 39142 1440 9 and and CC 39142 1440 10 the the DT 39142 1440 11 eyepiece eyepiece NN 39142 1440 12 cooled cool VBN 39142 1440 13 if if IN 39142 1440 14 necessary necessary JJ 39142 1440 15 . . . 39142 1441 1 That that DT 39142 1441 2 part part NN 39142 1441 3 of of IN 39142 1441 4 the the DT 39142 1441 5 sun sun NN 39142 1441 6 's 's POS 39142 1441 7 surface surface NN 39142 1441 8 under under IN 39142 1441 9 observation observation NN 39142 1441 10 is be VBZ 39142 1441 11 known know VBN 39142 1441 12 as as IN 39142 1441 13 the the DT 39142 1441 14 photosphere photosphere NN 39142 1441 15 , , , 39142 1441 16 that that RB 39142 1441 17 is is RB 39142 1441 18 , , , 39142 1441 19 the the DT 39142 1441 20 part part NN 39142 1441 21 which which WDT 39142 1441 22 radiates radiate VBZ 39142 1441 23 light light JJ 39142 1441 24 . . . 39142 1442 1 If if IN 39142 1442 2 the the DT 39142 1442 3 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1442 4 admits admit VBZ 39142 1442 5 the the DT 39142 1442 6 use use NN 39142 1442 7 of of IN 39142 1442 8 high high JJ 39142 1442 9 magnifying magnify VBG 39142 1442 10 powers power NNS 39142 1442 11 , , , 39142 1442 12 the the DT 39142 1442 13 structure structure NN 39142 1442 14 of of IN 39142 1442 15 the the DT 39142 1442 16 photosphere photosphere NN 39142 1442 17 will will MD 39142 1442 18 be be VB 39142 1442 19 found find VBN 39142 1442 20 more more RBR 39142 1442 21 and and CC 39142 1442 22 more more RBR 39142 1442 23 interesting interesting JJ 39142 1442 24 the the DT 39142 1442 25 higher high JJR 39142 1442 26 the the DT 39142 1442 27 power power NN 39142 1442 28 employed employ VBN 39142 1442 29 . . . 39142 1443 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1443 2 is be VBZ 39142 1443 3 an an DT 39142 1443 4 irregularly irregularly RB 39142 1443 5 mottled mottle VBN 39142 1443 6 surface surface NN 39142 1443 7 showing show VBG 39142 1443 8 a a DT 39142 1443 9 species species NN 39142 1443 10 of of IN 39142 1443 11 rice rice NN 39142 1443 12 - - HYPH 39142 1443 13 grain grain NN 39142 1443 14 structure structure NN 39142 1443 15 under under IN 39142 1443 16 fairly fairly RB 39142 1443 17 high high JJ 39142 1443 18 magnification magnification NN 39142 1443 19 . . . 39142 1444 1 These these DT 39142 1444 2 grains grain NNS 39142 1444 3 are be VBP 39142 1444 4 grouped group VBN 39142 1444 5 irregularly irregularly RB 39142 1444 6 and and CC 39142 1444 7 are be VBP 39142 1444 8 about about RB 39142 1444 9 500 500 CD 39142 1444 10 miles mile NNS 39142 1444 11 across across RB 39142 1444 12 . . . 39142 1445 1 Under under IN 39142 1445 2 fine fine JJ 39142 1445 3 conditions condition NNS 39142 1445 4 of of IN 39142 1445 5 vision vision NN 39142 1445 6 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1445 7 may may MD 39142 1445 8 be be VB 39142 1445 9 subdivided subdivide VBN 39142 1445 10 into into IN 39142 1445 11 granules granule NNS 39142 1445 12 . . . 39142 1446 1 The the DT 39142 1446 2 faculæ faculæ NN 39142 1446 3 , , , 39142 1446 4 or or CC 39142 1446 5 white white JJ 39142 1446 6 spots spot NNS 39142 1446 7 , , , 39142 1446 8 are be VBP 39142 1446 9 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 1446 10 elevations elevation NNS 39142 1446 11 above above IN 39142 1446 12 the the DT 39142 1446 13 general general JJ 39142 1446 14 solar solar JJ 39142 1446 15 level level NN 39142 1446 16 ; ; : 39142 1446 17 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1446 18 have have VBP 39142 1446 19 occasionally occasionally RB 39142 1446 20 been be VBN 39142 1446 21 seen see VBN 39142 1446 22 projecting project VBG 39142 1446 23 outside outside IN 39142 1446 24 the the DT 39142 1446 25 limb limb NN 39142 1446 26 , , , 39142 1446 27 or or CC 39142 1446 28 edge edge NN 39142 1446 29 of of IN 39142 1446 30 the the DT 39142 1446 31 disk disk NN 39142 1446 32 . . . 39142 1447 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 1447 2 XXVI XXVI NNP 39142 1447 3 SUN SUN NNP 39142 1447 4 SPOTS SPOTS NNP 39142 1447 5 AND and CC 39142 1447 6 PROMINENCES PROMINENCES NNP 39142 1447 7 Dark dark JJ 39142 1447 8 spots spot NNS 39142 1447 9 of of IN 39142 1447 10 a a DT 39142 1447 11 deep deep JJ 39142 1447 12 bluish bluish JJ 39142 1447 13 black black NN 39142 1447 14 will will MD 39142 1447 15 often often RB 39142 1447 16 be be VB 39142 1447 17 seen see VBN 39142 1447 18 on on IN 39142 1447 19 the the DT 39142 1447 20 photosphere photosphere NN 39142 1447 21 of of IN 39142 1447 22 the the DT 39142 1447 23 sun sun NN 39142 1447 24 . . . 39142 1448 1 Sometimes sometimes RB 39142 1448 2 single single JJ 39142 1448 3 , , , 39142 1448 4 though though IN 39142 1448 5 generally generally RB 39142 1448 6 in in IN 39142 1448 7 groups group NNS 39142 1448 8 , , , 39142 1448 9 the the DT 39142 1448 10 larger large JJR 39142 1448 11 ones one NNS 39142 1448 12 will will MD 39142 1448 13 have have VB 39142 1448 14 a a DT 39142 1448 15 dark dark JJ 39142 1448 16 center center NN 39142 1448 17 , , , 39142 1448 18 called call VBD 39142 1448 19 the the DT 39142 1448 20 umbra umbra NN 39142 1448 21 , , , 39142 1448 22 surrounded surround VBN 39142 1448 23 by by IN 39142 1448 24 the the DT 39142 1448 25 very very RB 39142 1448 26 irregular irregular JJ 39142 1448 27 penumbra penumbra NN 39142 1448 28 which which WDT 39142 1448 29 is be VBZ 39142 1448 30 darker dark JJR 39142 1448 31 near near IN 39142 1448 32 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1448 33 outer outer JJ 39142 1448 34 edge edge NN 39142 1448 35 and and CC 39142 1448 36 much much RB 39142 1448 37 brighter bright JJR 39142 1448 38 apparently apparently RB 39142 1448 39 on on IN 39142 1448 40 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1448 41 inner inner JJ 39142 1448 42 edge edge NN 39142 1448 43 where where WRB 39142 1448 44 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1448 45 joins join VBZ 39142 1448 46 on on IN 39142 1448 47 the the DT 39142 1448 48 umbra umbra NN 39142 1448 49 . . . 39142 1449 1 The the DT 39142 1449 2 penumbra penumbra NN 39142 1449 3 often often RB 39142 1449 4 shows show VBZ 39142 1449 5 a a DT 39142 1449 6 species species NN 39142 1449 7 of of IN 39142 1449 8 thatch thatch NN 39142 1449 9 - - HYPH 39142 1449 10 work work NN 39142 1449 11 structure structure NN 39142 1449 12 , , , 39142 1449 13 and and CC 39142 1449 14 systematic systematic JJ 39142 1449 15 sketches sketch NNS 39142 1449 16 of of IN 39142 1449 17 sun sun NN 39142 1449 18 spots spot NNS 39142 1449 19 by by IN 39142 1449 20 observers observer NNS 39142 1449 21 skilled skille VBN 39142 1449 22 in in IN 39142 1449 23 drawing drawing NN 39142 1449 24 are be VBP 39142 1449 25 greatly greatly RB 39142 1449 26 to to TO 39142 1449 27 be be VB 39142 1449 28 desired desire VBN 39142 1449 29 , , , 39142 1449 30 because because IN 39142 1449 31 photography photography NN 39142 1449 32 has have VBZ 39142 1449 33 not not RB 39142 1449 34 yet yet RB 39142 1449 35 reached reach VBN 39142 1449 36 the the DT 39142 1449 37 stage stage NN 39142 1449 38 where where WRB 39142 1449 39 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1449 40 is be VBZ 39142 1449 41 possible possible JJ 39142 1449 42 to to TO 39142 1449 43 compete compete VB 39142 1449 44 with with IN 39142 1449 45 visual visual JJ 39142 1449 46 observation observation NN 39142 1449 47 in in IN 39142 1449 48 the the DT 39142 1449 49 matter matter NN 39142 1449 50 of of IN 39142 1449 51 fine fine JJ 39142 1449 52 detail detail NN 39142 1449 53 . . . 39142 1450 1 The the DT 39142 1450 2 spots spot NNS 39142 1450 3 themselves -PRON- PRP 39142 1450 4 nearly nearly RB 39142 1450 5 always always RB 39142 1450 6 appear appear VBP 39142 1450 7 like like IN 39142 1450 8 depressions depression NNS 39142 1450 9 in in IN 39142 1450 10 the the DT 39142 1450 11 photosphere photosphere NN 39142 1450 12 , , , 39142 1450 13 and and CC 39142 1450 14 on on IN 39142 1450 15 repeated repeat VBN 39142 1450 16 occasions occasion NNS 39142 1450 17 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1450 18 have have VBP 39142 1450 19 been be VBN 39142 1450 20 seen see VBN 39142 1450 21 as as IN 39142 1450 22 actual actual JJ 39142 1450 23 notches notch NNS 39142 1450 24 when when WRB 39142 1450 25 on on IN 39142 1450 26 the the DT 39142 1450 27 edge edge NN 39142 1450 28 of of IN 39142 1450 29 the the DT 39142 1450 30 sun sun NN 39142 1450 31 . . . 39142 1451 1 Many many JJ 39142 1451 2 spots spot NNS 39142 1451 3 , , , 39142 1451 4 however however RB 39142 1451 5 , , , 39142 1451 6 are be VBP 39142 1451 7 not not RB 39142 1451 8 depressions depression NNS 39142 1451 9 : : : 39142 1451 10 some some DT 39142 1451 11 appear appear VBP 39142 1451 12 to to TO 39142 1451 13 be be VB 39142 1451 14 actual actual JJ 39142 1451 15 elevations elevation NNS 39142 1451 16 , , , 39142 1451 17 with with IN 39142 1451 18 the the DT 39142 1451 19 umbra umbra NN 39142 1451 20 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 1451 21 a a DT 39142 1451 22 central central JJ 39142 1451 23 depression depression NN 39142 1451 24 , , , 39142 1451 25 like like IN 39142 1451 26 the the DT 39142 1451 27 crater crater NN 39142 1451 28 in in IN 39142 1451 29 the the DT 39142 1451 30 general general JJ 39142 1451 31 elevation elevation NN 39142 1451 32 of of IN 39142 1451 33 a a DT 39142 1451 34 volcano volcano NN 39142 1451 35 . . . 39142 1452 1 Spots spot NNS 39142 1452 2 are be VBP 39142 1452 3 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 1452 4 of of IN 39142 1452 5 enormous enormous JJ 39142 1452 6 size size NN 39142 1452 7 . . . 39142 1453 1 The the DT 39142 1453 2 largest large JJS 39142 1453 3 on on IN 39142 1453 4 record record NN 39142 1453 5 was be VBD 39142 1453 6 seen see VBN 39142 1453 7 in in IN 39142 1453 8 1858 1858 CD 39142 1453 9 ; ; : 39142 1453 10 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1453 11 was be VBD 39142 1453 12 nearly nearly RB 39142 1453 13 150,000 150,000 CD 39142 1453 14 miles mile NNS 39142 1453 15 in in IN 39142 1453 16 breadth breadth NN 39142 1453 17 , , , 39142 1453 18 and and CC 39142 1453 19 covered cover VBD 39142 1453 20 a a DT 39142 1453 21 considerable considerable JJ 39142 1453 22 proportion proportion NN 39142 1453 23 of of IN 39142 1453 24 the the DT 39142 1453 25 whole whole JJ 39142 1453 26 visible visible JJ 39142 1453 27 hemisphere hemisphere NN 39142 1453 28 of of IN 39142 1453 29 the the DT 39142 1453 30 sun sun NN 39142 1453 31 . . . 39142 1454 1 A a DT 39142 1454 2 spot spot NN 39142 1454 3 must must MD 39142 1454 4 be be VB 39142 1454 5 nearly nearly RB 39142 1454 6 30,000 30,000 CD 39142 1454 7 miles mile NNS 39142 1454 8 across across RB 39142 1454 9 in in IN 39142 1454 10 order order NN 39142 1454 11 to to TO 39142 1454 12 be be VB 39142 1454 13 seen see VBN 39142 1454 14 with with IN 39142 1454 15 the the DT 39142 1454 16 naked naked JJ 39142 1454 17 eye eye NN 39142 1454 18 . . . 39142 1455 1 In in IN 39142 1455 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1455 3 beginning beginning NN 39142 1455 4 , , , 39142 1455 5 development development NN 39142 1455 6 , , , 39142 1455 7 and and CC 39142 1455 8 end end NN 39142 1455 9 , , , 39142 1455 10 each each DT 39142 1455 11 spot spot NN 39142 1455 12 or or CC 39142 1455 13 group group NN 39142 1455 14 of of IN 39142 1455 15 spots spot NNS 39142 1455 16 appears appear VBZ 39142 1455 17 to to TO 39142 1455 18 be be VB 39142 1455 19 a a DT 39142 1455 20 law law NN 39142 1455 21 unto unto IN 39142 1455 22 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 1455 23 . . . 39142 1456 1 Sometimes sometimes RB 39142 1456 2 in in IN 39142 1456 3 a a DT 39142 1456 4 few few JJ 39142 1456 5 hours hour NNS 39142 1456 6 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1456 7 will will MD 39142 1456 8 form form VB 39142 1456 9 , , , 39142 1456 10 though though IN 39142 1456 11 generally generally RB 39142 1456 12 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1456 13 is be VBZ 39142 1456 14 a a DT 39142 1456 15 question question NN 39142 1456 16 of of IN 39142 1456 17 days day NNS 39142 1456 18 and and CC 39142 1456 19 even even RB 39142 1456 20 weeks week NNS 39142 1456 21 . . . 39142 1457 1 Very very RB 39142 1457 2 soon soon RB 39142 1457 3 after after IN 39142 1457 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1457 5 formation formation NN 39142 1457 6 is be VBZ 39142 1457 7 complete complete JJ 39142 1457 8 , , , 39142 1457 9 tonguelike tonguelike IN 39142 1457 10 encroachments encroachment NNS 39142 1457 11 of of IN 39142 1457 12 the the DT 39142 1457 13 penumbra penumbra NN 39142 1457 14 appear appear VBP 39142 1457 15 to to TO 39142 1457 16 force force VB 39142 1457 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1457 18 way way NN 39142 1457 19 across across IN 39142 1457 20 the the DT 39142 1457 21 umbra umbra NN 39142 1457 22 , , , 39142 1457 23 and and CC 39142 1457 24 this this DT 39142 1457 25 splitting splitting NN 39142 1457 26 up up RP 39142 1457 27 of of IN 39142 1457 28 the the DT 39142 1457 29 central central JJ 39142 1457 30 spot spot NN 39142 1457 31 usually usually RB 39142 1457 32 goes go VBZ 39142 1457 33 on on RP 39142 1457 34 quite quite RB 39142 1457 35 rapidly rapidly RB 39142 1457 36 . . . 39142 1458 1 Sun Sun NNP 39142 1458 2 spots spot NNS 39142 1458 3 in in IN 39142 1458 4 violent violent JJ 39142 1458 5 disturbance disturbance NN 39142 1458 6 are be VBP 39142 1458 7 rarely rarely RB 39142 1458 8 observed observe VBN 39142 1458 9 . . . 39142 1459 1 As as IN 39142 1459 2 the the DT 39142 1459 3 sun sun NN 39142 1459 4 turns turn VBZ 39142 1459 5 round round JJ 39142 1459 6 on on IN 39142 1459 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1459 8 axis axis NN 39142 1459 9 , , , 39142 1459 10 the the DT 39142 1459 11 spots spot NNS 39142 1459 12 will will MD 39142 1459 13 often often RB 39142 1459 14 be be VB 39142 1459 15 carried carry VBN 39142 1459 16 across across IN 39142 1459 17 the the DT 39142 1459 18 disk disk NN 39142 1459 19 from from IN 39142 1459 20 the the DT 39142 1459 21 center center NN 39142 1459 22 to to IN 39142 1459 23 the the DT 39142 1459 24 edge edge NN 39142 1459 25 , , , 39142 1459 26 when when WRB 39142 1459 27 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1459 28 become become VBP 39142 1459 29 very very RB 39142 1459 30 much much RB 39142 1459 31 foreshortened foreshorten VBN 39142 1459 32 . . . 39142 1460 1 The the DT 39142 1460 2 sun sun NN 39142 1460 3 's 's POS 39142 1460 4 period period NN 39142 1460 5 of of IN 39142 1460 6 rotation rotation NN 39142 1460 7 is be VBZ 39142 1460 8 28 28 CD 39142 1460 9 days day NNS 39142 1460 10 , , , 39142 1460 11 so so IN 39142 1460 12 that that IN 39142 1460 13 if if IN 39142 1460 14 a a DT 39142 1460 15 spot spot NN 39142 1460 16 lasts last VBZ 39142 1460 17 more more JJR 39142 1460 18 than than IN 39142 1460 19 two two CD 39142 1460 20 weeks week NNS 39142 1460 21 without without IN 39142 1460 22 breaking break VBG 39142 1460 23 up up RP 39142 1460 24 , , , 39142 1460 25 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1460 26 may may MD 39142 1460 27 reappear reappear VB 39142 1460 28 on on IN 39142 1460 29 the the DT 39142 1460 30 eastern eastern JJ 39142 1460 31 limb limb NN 39142 1460 32 of of IN 39142 1460 33 the the DT 39142 1460 34 sun sun NN 39142 1460 35 after after IN 39142 1460 36 having have VBG 39142 1460 37 disappeared disappear VBN 39142 1460 38 at at IN 39142 1460 39 the the DT 39142 1460 40 western western JJ 39142 1460 41 edge edge NN 39142 1460 42 . . . 39142 1461 1 Two two CD 39142 1461 2 or or CC 39142 1461 3 three three CD 39142 1461 4 months month NNS 39142 1461 5 is be VBZ 39142 1461 6 an an DT 39142 1461 7 average average JJ 39142 1461 8 duration duration NN 39142 1461 9 for for IN 39142 1461 10 a a DT 39142 1461 11 spot spot NN 39142 1461 12 ; ; : 39142 1461 13 the the DT 39142 1461 14 longest long JJS 39142 1461 15 on on IN 39142 1461 16 record record NN 39142 1461 17 lasted last VBD 39142 1461 18 through through IN 39142 1461 19 18 18 CD 39142 1461 20 months month NNS 39142 1461 21 in in IN 39142 1461 22 1840 1840 CD 39142 1461 23 - - SYM 39142 1461 24 41 41 CD 39142 1461 25 . . . 39142 1462 1 The the DT 39142 1462 2 position position NN 39142 1462 3 of of IN 39142 1462 4 the the DT 39142 1462 5 sun sun NN 39142 1462 6 's 's POS 39142 1462 7 axis axis NN 39142 1462 8 is be VBZ 39142 1462 9 well well RB 39142 1462 10 known know VBN 39142 1462 11 , , , 39142 1462 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1462 13 equator equator NN 39142 1462 14 being be VBG 39142 1462 15 tilted tilt VBN 39142 1462 16 about about RB 39142 1462 17 7 7 CD 39142 1462 18 degrees degree NNS 39142 1462 19 to to IN 39142 1462 20 the the DT 39142 1462 21 ecliptic ecliptic JJ 39142 1462 22 , , , 39142 1462 23 and and CC 39142 1462 24 the the DT 39142 1462 25 spots spot NNS 39142 1462 26 are be VBP 39142 1462 27 distributed distribute VBN 39142 1462 28 in in IN 39142 1462 29 zones zone NNS 39142 1462 30 north north NN 39142 1462 31 and and CC 39142 1462 32 south south NN 39142 1462 33 of of IN 39142 1462 34 the the DT 39142 1462 35 equator equator NN 39142 1462 36 , , , 39142 1462 37 extending extend VBG 39142 1462 38 as as RB 39142 1462 39 far far RB 39142 1462 40 as as IN 39142 1462 41 30 30 CD 39142 1462 42 degrees degree NNS 39142 1462 43 of of IN 39142 1462 44 solar solar JJ 39142 1462 45 latitude latitude NN 39142 1462 46 . . . 39142 1463 1 In in IN 39142 1463 2 very very RB 39142 1463 3 high high JJ 39142 1463 4 latitudes latitude NNS 39142 1463 5 spots spot NNS 39142 1463 6 are be VBP 39142 1463 7 never never RB 39142 1463 8 seen see VBN 39142 1463 9 ; ; : 39142 1463 10 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1463 11 are be VBP 39142 1463 12 most most RBS 39142 1463 13 abundant abundant JJ 39142 1463 14 in in IN 39142 1463 15 about about IN 39142 1463 16 latitude latitude NN 39142 1463 17 15 15 CD 39142 1463 18 degrees degree NNS 39142 1463 19 both both CC 39142 1463 20 north north NN 39142 1463 21 and and CC 39142 1463 22 south south NN 39142 1463 23 , , , 39142 1463 24 and and CC 39142 1463 25 rather rather RB 39142 1463 26 more more RBR 39142 1463 27 numerous numerous JJ 39142 1463 28 in in IN 39142 1463 29 the the DT 39142 1463 30 northern northern JJ 39142 1463 31 than than IN 39142 1463 32 in in IN 39142 1463 33 the the DT 39142 1463 34 southern southern JJ 39142 1463 35 hemisphere hemisphere NN 39142 1463 36 of of IN 39142 1463 37 the the DT 39142 1463 38 sun sun NN 39142 1463 39 . . . 39142 1464 1 Recent recent JJ 39142 1464 2 research research NN 39142 1464 3 at at IN 39142 1464 4 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1464 5 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 1464 6 makes make VBZ 39142 1464 7 the the DT 39142 1464 8 sun sun NN 39142 1464 9 a a DT 39142 1464 10 great great JJ 39142 1464 11 magnet magnet NN 39142 1464 12 ; ; : 39142 1464 13 and and CC 39142 1464 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1464 15 magnetic magnetic JJ 39142 1464 16 axis axi NNS 39142 1464 17 is be VBZ 39142 1464 18 inclined incline VBN 39142 1464 19 at at IN 39142 1464 20 an an DT 39142 1464 21 angle angle NN 39142 1464 22 of of IN 39142 1464 23 6 6 CD 39142 1464 24 degrees degree NNS 39142 1464 25 to to IN 39142 1464 26 the the DT 39142 1464 27 axis axi NNS 39142 1464 28 of of IN 39142 1464 29 rotation rotation NN 39142 1464 30 , , , 39142 1464 31 around around IN 39142 1464 32 which which WDT 39142 1464 33 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1464 34 revolves revolve VBZ 39142 1464 35 in in IN 39142 1464 36 32 32 CD 39142 1464 37 days day NNS 39142 1464 38 . . . 39142 1465 1 There there EX 39142 1465 2 is be VBZ 39142 1465 3 a a DT 39142 1465 4 most most RBS 39142 1465 5 interesting interesting JJ 39142 1465 6 periodicity periodicity NN 39142 1465 7 of of IN 39142 1465 8 the the DT 39142 1465 9 spots spot NNS 39142 1465 10 on on IN 39142 1465 11 the the DT 39142 1465 12 sun sun NN 39142 1465 13 , , , 39142 1465 14 for for IN 39142 1465 15 months month NNS 39142 1465 16 will will MD 39142 1465 17 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 1465 18 elapse elapse VB 39142 1465 19 with with IN 39142 1465 20 spots spot NNS 39142 1465 21 in in IN 39142 1465 22 abundance abundance NN 39142 1465 23 and and CC 39142 1465 24 visible visible JJ 39142 1465 25 every every DT 39142 1465 26 day day NN 39142 1465 27 , , , 39142 1465 28 while while IN 39142 1465 29 at at IN 39142 1465 30 other other JJ 39142 1465 31 periods period NNS 39142 1465 32 , , , 39142 1465 33 days day NNS 39142 1465 34 and and CC 39142 1465 35 even even RB 39142 1465 36 weeks week NNS 39142 1465 37 will will MD 39142 1465 38 elapse elapse VB 39142 1465 39 without without IN 39142 1465 40 a a DT 39142 1465 41 single single JJ 39142 1465 42 spot spot NN 39142 1465 43 being be VBG 39142 1465 44 seen see VBN 39142 1465 45 . . . 39142 1466 1 There there EX 39142 1466 2 is be VBZ 39142 1466 3 a a DT 39142 1466 4 well well RB 39142 1466 5 recognized recognize VBN 39142 1466 6 period period NN 39142 1466 7 of of IN 39142 1466 8 eleven eleven CD 39142 1466 9 and and CC 39142 1466 10 one one CD 39142 1466 11 - - HYPH 39142 1466 12 tenth tenth NN 39142 1466 13 years year NNS 39142 1466 14 , , , 39142 1466 15 the the DT 39142 1466 16 reason reason NN 39142 1466 17 underlying underlying NN 39142 1466 18 which which WDT 39142 1466 19 is be VBZ 39142 1466 20 not not RB 39142 1466 21 , , , 39142 1466 22 however however RB 39142 1466 23 , , , 39142 1466 24 known know VBN 39142 1466 25 . . . 39142 1467 1 After after IN 39142 1467 2 passing pass VBG 39142 1467 3 through through IN 39142 1467 4 the the DT 39142 1467 5 minimum minimum NN 39142 1467 6 of of IN 39142 1467 7 spottedness spottedness NN 39142 1467 8 , , , 39142 1467 9 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1467 10 begin begin VBP 39142 1467 11 to to TO 39142 1467 12 break break VB 39142 1467 13 out out RP 39142 1467 14 again again RB 39142 1467 15 first first RB 39142 1467 16 in in IN 39142 1467 17 latitudes latitude NNS 39142 1467 18 of of IN 39142 1467 19 25 25 CD 39142 1467 20 degrees-30 degrees-30 NN 39142 1467 21 degrees degree NNS 39142 1467 22 , , , 39142 1467 23 rather rather RB 39142 1467 24 suddenly suddenly RB 39142 1467 25 , , , 39142 1467 26 and and CC 39142 1467 27 on on IN 39142 1467 28 both both DT 39142 1467 29 sides side NNS 39142 1467 30 of of IN 39142 1467 31 the the DT 39142 1467 32 equator equator NN 39142 1467 33 , , , 39142 1467 34 and and CC 39142 1467 35 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1467 36 move move VBP 39142 1467 37 toward toward IN 39142 1467 38 the the DT 39142 1467 39 equator equator NN 39142 1467 40 as as IN 39142 1467 41 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1467 42 number number NN 39142 1467 43 and and CC 39142 1467 44 individual individual JJ 39142 1467 45 size size NN 39142 1467 46 decrease decrease NN 39142 1467 47 . . . 39142 1468 1 The the DT 39142 1468 2 last last JJ 39142 1468 3 observed observed JJ 39142 1468 4 epoch epoch NN 39142 1468 5 of of IN 39142 1468 6 maximum maximum JJ 39142 1468 7 spot spot NN 39142 1468 8 activity activity NN 39142 1468 9 on on IN 39142 1468 10 the the DT 39142 1468 11 sun sun NN 39142 1468 12 was be VBD 39142 1468 13 passed pass VBN 39142 1468 14 in in IN 39142 1468 15 1917 1917 CD 39142 1468 16 . . . 39142 1469 1 Many many JJ 39142 1469 2 attempts attempt NNS 39142 1469 3 have have VBP 39142 1469 4 been be VBN 39142 1469 5 made make VBN 39142 1469 6 to to TO 39142 1469 7 ascertain ascertain VB 39142 1469 8 the the DT 39142 1469 9 cause cause NN 39142 1469 10 of of IN 39142 1469 11 the the DT 39142 1469 12 periodicity periodicity NN 39142 1469 13 of of IN 39142 1469 14 sun sun NN 39142 1469 15 spots spot NNS 39142 1469 16 , , , 39142 1469 17 but but CC 39142 1469 18 the the DT 39142 1469 19 real real JJ 39142 1469 20 cause cause NN 39142 1469 21 is be VBZ 39142 1469 22 not not RB 39142 1469 23 yet yet RB 39142 1469 24 known know VBN 39142 1469 25 . . . 39142 1470 1 If if IN 39142 1470 2 the the DT 39142 1470 3 spots spot NNS 39142 1470 4 are be VBP 39142 1470 5 eruptional eruptional JJ 39142 1470 6 in in IN 39142 1470 7 character character NN 39142 1470 8 , , , 39142 1470 9 the the DT 39142 1470 10 forces force NNS 39142 1470 11 held hold VBN 39142 1470 12 in in IN 39142 1470 13 check check NN 39142 1470 14 during during IN 39142 1470 15 seasons season NNS 39142 1470 16 of of IN 39142 1470 17 few few JJ 39142 1470 18 spots spot NNS 39142 1470 19 may may MD 39142 1470 20 well well RB 39142 1470 21 break break VB 39142 1470 22 out out RP 39142 1470 23 in in IN 39142 1470 24 period period NN 39142 1470 25 . . . 39142 1471 1 The the DT 39142 1471 2 brighter bright JJR 39142 1471 3 streaks streak VBZ 39142 1471 4 and and CC 39142 1471 5 mottlings mottling NNS 39142 1471 6 known know VBN 39142 1471 7 as as IN 39142 1471 8 faculæ faculæ NN 39142 1471 9 are be VBP 39142 1471 10 probably probably RB 39142 1471 11 elevations elevation NNS 39142 1471 12 above above IN 39142 1471 13 the the DT 39142 1471 14 general general JJ 39142 1471 15 photosphere photosphere NN 39142 1471 16 , , , 39142 1471 17 and and CC 39142 1471 18 seem seem VBP 39142 1471 19 to to TO 39142 1471 20 be be VB 39142 1471 21 crusts crust NNS 39142 1471 22 of of IN 39142 1471 23 luminous luminous JJ 39142 1471 24 matter matter NN 39142 1471 25 , , , 39142 1471 26 often often RB 39142 1471 27 incandescent incandescent JJ 39142 1471 28 calcium calcium NN 39142 1471 29 , , , 39142 1471 30 protruding protrude VBG 39142 1471 31 through through RP 39142 1471 32 from from IN 39142 1471 33 the the DT 39142 1471 34 lower low JJR 39142 1471 35 levels level NNS 39142 1471 36 . . . 39142 1472 1 Generally generally RB 39142 1472 2 the the DT 39142 1472 3 faculæ faculæ NN 39142 1472 4 are be VBP 39142 1472 5 numerous numerous JJ 39142 1472 6 around around IN 39142 1472 7 the the DT 39142 1472 8 dark dark JJ 39142 1472 9 spots spot NNS 39142 1472 10 , , , 39142 1472 11 and and CC 39142 1472 12 absorption absorption NN 39142 1472 13 of of IN 39142 1472 14 the the DT 39142 1472 15 sun sun NN 39142 1472 16 's 's POS 39142 1472 17 light light NN 39142 1472 18 by by IN 39142 1472 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1472 20 own own JJ 39142 1472 21 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1472 22 affords afford VBZ 39142 1472 23 a a DT 39142 1472 24 darker dark JJR 39142 1472 25 background background NN 39142 1472 26 for for IN 39142 1472 27 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1472 28 , , , 39142 1472 29 with with IN 39142 1472 30 better well JJR 39142 1472 31 visibility visibility NN 39142 1472 32 nearer nearer VB 39142 1472 33 the the DT 39142 1472 34 rim rim NN 39142 1472 35 of of IN 39142 1472 36 the the DT 39142 1472 37 solar solar JJ 39142 1472 38 disk disk NN 39142 1472 39 . . . 39142 1473 1 The the DT 39142 1473 2 spectroheliograph spectroheliograph NN 39142 1473 3 reveals reveal VBZ 39142 1473 4 vast vast JJ 39142 1473 5 zones zone NNS 39142 1473 6 of of IN 39142 1473 7 faculæ faculæ NN 39142 1473 8 otherwise otherwise RB 39142 1473 9 invisible invisible JJ 39142 1473 10 , , , 39142 1473 11 related related JJ 39142 1473 12 to to IN 39142 1473 13 the the DT 39142 1473 14 sun sun NN 39142 1473 15 - - HYPH 39142 1473 16 spot spot NN 39142 1473 17 zones zone NNS 39142 1473 18 proper proper JJ 39142 1473 19 on on IN 39142 1473 20 both both DT 39142 1473 21 sides side NNS 39142 1473 22 of of IN 39142 1473 23 the the DT 39142 1473 24 equator equator NN 39142 1473 25 . . . 39142 1474 1 In in IN 39142 1474 2 some some DT 39142 1474 3 intimate intimate JJ 39142 1474 4 way way NN 39142 1474 5 the the DT 39142 1474 6 magnetism magnetism NN 39142 1474 7 of of IN 39142 1474 8 sun sun NNP 39142 1474 9 and and CC 39142 1474 10 earth earth NN 39142 1474 11 are be VBP 39142 1474 12 so so RB 39142 1474 13 related related JJ 39142 1474 14 that that IN 39142 1474 15 outbreaks outbreak NNS 39142 1474 16 of of IN 39142 1474 17 solar solar JJ 39142 1474 18 spots spot NNS 39142 1474 19 are be VBP 39142 1474 20 accompanied accompany VBN 39142 1474 21 with with IN 39142 1474 22 disturbances disturbance NNS 39142 1474 23 of of IN 39142 1474 24 electrical electrical JJ 39142 1474 25 and and CC 39142 1474 26 other other JJ 39142 1474 27 instruments instrument NNS 39142 1474 28 on on IN 39142 1474 29 the the DT 39142 1474 30 earth earth NN 39142 1474 31 ; ; : 39142 1474 32 also also RB 39142 1474 33 the the DT 39142 1474 34 aurora aurora NNP 39142 1474 35 borealis borealis NNP 39142 1474 36 is be VBZ 39142 1474 37 seen see VBN 39142 1474 38 with with IN 39142 1474 39 greater great JJR 39142 1474 40 frequency frequency NN 39142 1474 41 during during IN 39142 1474 42 periods period NNS 39142 1474 43 when when WRB 39142 1474 44 many many JJ 39142 1474 45 spots spot NNS 39142 1474 46 are be VBP 39142 1474 47 visible visible JJ 39142 1474 48 . . . 39142 1475 1 Within within IN 39142 1475 2 very very RB 39142 1475 3 recent recent JJ 39142 1475 4 years year NNS 39142 1475 5 the the DT 39142 1475 6 discovery discovery NN 39142 1475 7 of of IN 39142 1475 8 a a DT 39142 1475 9 magnetic magnetic JJ 39142 1475 10 field field NN 39142 1475 11 in in IN 39142 1475 12 sun sun NN 39142 1475 13 spots spot NNS 39142 1475 14 has have VBZ 39142 1475 15 been be VBN 39142 1475 16 made make VBN 39142 1475 17 by by IN 39142 1475 18 Hale Hale NNP 39142 1475 19 with with IN 39142 1475 20 powerful powerful JJ 39142 1475 21 instruments instrument NNS 39142 1475 22 of of IN 39142 1475 23 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1475 24 own own JJ 39142 1475 25 design design NN 39142 1475 26 . . . 39142 1476 1 Sun Sun NNP 39142 1476 2 spots spot NNS 39142 1476 3 had have VBD 39142 1476 4 never never RB 39142 1476 5 been be VBN 39142 1476 6 investigated investigate VBN 39142 1476 7 before before RB 39142 1476 8 with with IN 39142 1476 9 adequate adequate JJ 39142 1476 10 instrumental instrumental JJ 39142 1476 11 means mean NNS 39142 1476 12 . . . 39142 1477 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 1477 2 recognized recognize VBD 39142 1477 3 the the DT 39142 1477 4 necessity necessity NN 39142 1477 5 of of IN 39142 1477 6 having have VBG 39142 1477 7 a a DT 39142 1477 8 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 1477 9 that that WDT 39142 1477 10 would would MD 39142 1477 11 record record VB 39142 1477 12 the the DT 39142 1477 13 widened widened JJ 39142 1477 14 lines line NNS 39142 1477 15 of of IN 39142 1477 16 sun sun NN 39142 1477 17 - - HYPH 39142 1477 18 spot spot NN 39142 1477 19 spectra spectra NNP 39142 1477 20 , , , 39142 1477 21 and and CC 39142 1477 22 the the DT 39142 1477 23 strengthened strengthened JJ 39142 1477 24 and and CC 39142 1477 25 weakened weakened JJ 39142 1477 26 lines line NNS 39142 1477 27 on on IN 39142 1477 28 a a DT 39142 1477 29 large large JJ 39142 1477 30 scale scale NN 39142 1477 31 . . . 39142 1478 1 Certain certain JJ 39142 1478 2 changes change NNS 39142 1478 3 in in IN 39142 1478 4 relative relative JJ 39142 1478 5 intensity intensity NN 39142 1478 6 were be VBD 39142 1478 7 traced trace VBN 39142 1478 8 to to IN 39142 1478 9 a a DT 39142 1478 10 reduced reduced JJ 39142 1478 11 temperature temperature NN 39142 1478 12 of of IN 39142 1478 13 the the DT 39142 1478 14 spot spot NN 39142 1478 15 vapors vapor NNS 39142 1478 16 by by IN 39142 1478 17 comparison comparison NN 39142 1478 18 with with IN 39142 1478 19 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1478 20 of of IN 39142 1478 21 the the DT 39142 1478 22 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1478 23 of of IN 39142 1478 24 iron iron NN 39142 1478 25 and and CC 39142 1478 26 other other JJ 39142 1478 27 metallic metallic JJ 39142 1478 28 vapors vapor NNS 39142 1478 29 in in IN 39142 1478 30 an an DT 39142 1478 31 electric electric JJ 39142 1478 32 arc arc NN 39142 1478 33 at at IN 39142 1478 34 different different JJ 39142 1478 35 temperatures temperature NNS 39142 1478 36 . . . 39142 1479 1 Here here RB 39142 1479 2 the the DT 39142 1479 3 work work NN 39142 1479 4 of of IN 39142 1479 5 the the DT 39142 1479 6 laboratory laboratory NN 39142 1479 7 was be VBD 39142 1479 8 essential essential JJ 39142 1479 9 . . . 39142 1480 1 Sun Sun NNP 39142 1480 2 spots spot NNS 39142 1480 3 were be VBD 39142 1480 4 thus thus RB 39142 1480 5 found find VBN 39142 1480 6 to to TO 39142 1480 7 be be VB 39142 1480 8 regions region NNS 39142 1480 9 of of IN 39142 1480 10 reduced reduce VBN 39142 1480 11 temperature temperature NN 39142 1480 12 in in IN 39142 1480 13 the the DT 39142 1480 14 solar solar JJ 39142 1480 15 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1480 16 . . . 39142 1481 1 Chemical chemical JJ 39142 1481 2 unions union NNS 39142 1481 3 were be VBD 39142 1481 4 thus thus RB 39142 1481 5 possible possible JJ 39142 1481 6 , , , 39142 1481 7 and and CC 39142 1481 8 thousands thousand NNS 39142 1481 9 of of IN 39142 1481 10 faint faint JJ 39142 1481 11 lines line NNS 39142 1481 12 in in IN 39142 1481 13 spot spot NN 39142 1481 14 - - HYPH 39142 1481 15 spectra spectra NNP 39142 1481 16 were be VBD 39142 1481 17 measured measure VBN 39142 1481 18 and and CC 39142 1481 19 identified identify VBN 39142 1481 20 as as IN 39142 1481 21 band band NN 39142 1481 22 lines line NNS 39142 1481 23 due due JJ 39142 1481 24 to to IN 39142 1481 25 chemical chemical JJ 39142 1481 26 compounds compound NNS 39142 1481 27 . . . 39142 1482 1 Thus thus RB 39142 1482 2 the the DT 39142 1482 3 chemical chemical NN 39142 1482 4 changes change NNS 39142 1482 5 at at IN 39142 1482 6 work work NN 39142 1482 7 in in IN 39142 1482 8 sun sun NN 39142 1482 9 - - HYPH 39142 1482 10 spot spot NN 39142 1482 11 vapors vapor NNS 39142 1482 12 were be VBD 39142 1482 13 recognized recognize VBN 39142 1482 14 . . . 39142 1483 1 Then then RB 39142 1483 2 followed follow VBD 39142 1483 3 the the DT 39142 1483 4 highly highly RB 39142 1483 5 significant significant JJ 39142 1483 6 investigations investigation NNS 39142 1483 7 of of IN 39142 1483 8 solar solar JJ 39142 1483 9 vortices vortex NNS 39142 1483 10 and and CC 39142 1483 11 magnetic magnetic JJ 39142 1483 12 fields field NNS 39142 1483 13 . . . 39142 1484 1 Improvements improvement NNS 39142 1484 2 in in IN 39142 1484 3 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1484 4 methods method NNS 39142 1484 5 had have VBD 39142 1484 6 revealed reveal VBN 39142 1484 7 immense immense JJ 39142 1484 8 vortices vortex NNS 39142 1484 9 surrounding surround VBG 39142 1484 10 sun sun NN 39142 1484 11 spots spot NNS 39142 1484 12 in in IN 39142 1484 13 the the DT 39142 1484 14 higher high JJR 39142 1484 15 part part NN 39142 1484 16 of of IN 39142 1484 17 the the DT 39142 1484 18 hydrogen hydrogen NNP 39142 1484 19 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1484 20 ; ; : 39142 1484 21 and and CC 39142 1484 22 this this DT 39142 1484 23 led lead VBD 39142 1484 24 to to IN 39142 1484 25 the the DT 39142 1484 26 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 1484 27 that that IN 39142 1484 28 a a DT 39142 1484 29 sun sun NN 39142 1484 30 spot spot NN 39142 1484 31 is be VBZ 39142 1484 32 a a DT 39142 1484 33 solar solar JJ 39142 1484 34 storm storm NN 39142 1484 35 , , , 39142 1484 36 resembling resemble VBG 39142 1484 37 a a DT 39142 1484 38 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 39142 1484 39 tornado tornado NN 39142 1484 40 , , , 39142 1484 41 and and CC 39142 1484 42 in in IN 39142 1484 43 which which WDT 39142 1484 44 the the DT 39142 1484 45 hot hot JJ 39142 1484 46 vapors vapor NNS 39142 1484 47 whirling whirl VBG 39142 1484 48 at at IN 39142 1484 49 high high JJ 39142 1484 50 velocity velocity NN 39142 1484 51 are be VBP 39142 1484 52 cooled cool VBN 39142 1484 53 by by IN 39142 1484 54 expansion expansion NN 39142 1484 55 . . . 39142 1485 1 This this DT 39142 1485 2 would would MD 39142 1485 3 account account VB 39142 1485 4 for for IN 39142 1485 5 the the DT 39142 1485 6 observed observed JJ 39142 1485 7 intensity intensity NN 39142 1485 8 changes change NNS 39142 1485 9 of of IN 39142 1485 10 the the DT 39142 1485 11 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1485 12 lines line NNS 39142 1485 13 and and CC 39142 1485 14 the the DT 39142 1485 15 presence presence NN 39142 1485 16 of of IN 39142 1485 17 chemical chemical JJ 39142 1485 18 compounds compound NNS 39142 1485 19 . . . 39142 1486 1 The the DT 39142 1486 2 vortex vortex NN 39142 1486 3 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 1486 4 suggested suggest VBD 39142 1486 5 an an DT 39142 1486 6 explanation explanation NN 39142 1486 7 of of IN 39142 1486 8 the the DT 39142 1486 9 widening widening NN 39142 1486 10 of of IN 39142 1486 11 many many JJ 39142 1486 12 spot spot NN 39142 1486 13 lines line NNS 39142 1486 14 , , , 39142 1486 15 and and CC 39142 1486 16 the the DT 39142 1486 17 doubling doubling NN 39142 1486 18 or or CC 39142 1486 19 trebling trebling NN 39142 1486 20 of of IN 39142 1486 21 some some DT 39142 1486 22 of of IN 39142 1486 23 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1486 24 . . . 39142 1487 1 As as IN 39142 1487 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1487 3 is be VBZ 39142 1487 4 known know VBN 39142 1487 5 that that IN 39142 1487 6 electrons electron NNS 39142 1487 7 are be VBP 39142 1487 8 emitted emit VBN 39142 1487 9 by by IN 39142 1487 10 hot hot JJ 39142 1487 11 bodies body NNS 39142 1487 12 , , , 39142 1487 13 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1487 14 must must MD 39142 1487 15 be be VB 39142 1487 16 present present JJ 39142 1487 17 in in IN 39142 1487 18 vast vast JJ 39142 1487 19 numbers number NNS 39142 1487 20 in in IN 39142 1487 21 the the DT 39142 1487 22 sun sun NN 39142 1487 23 ; ; : 39142 1487 24 and and CC 39142 1487 25 positive positive JJ 39142 1487 26 or or CC 39142 1487 27 negative negative JJ 39142 1487 28 electrons electron NNS 39142 1487 29 , , , 39142 1487 30 if if IN 39142 1487 31 caught catch VBN 39142 1487 32 and and CC 39142 1487 33 whirled whirl VBD 39142 1487 34 in in IN 39142 1487 35 a a DT 39142 1487 36 vortex vortex NN 39142 1487 37 , , , 39142 1487 38 would would MD 39142 1487 39 produce produce VB 39142 1487 40 a a DT 39142 1487 41 magnetic magnetic JJ 39142 1487 42 field field NN 39142 1487 43 . . . 39142 1488 1 Zeeman zeeman NN 39142 1488 2 in in IN 39142 1488 3 1896 1896 CD 39142 1488 4 had have VBD 39142 1488 5 discovered discover VBN 39142 1488 6 that that IN 39142 1488 7 the the DT 39142 1488 8 lines line NNS 39142 1488 9 in in IN 39142 1488 10 the the DT 39142 1488 11 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1488 12 of of IN 39142 1488 13 a a DT 39142 1488 14 luminous luminous JJ 39142 1488 15 vapor vapor NN 39142 1488 16 in in IN 39142 1488 17 a a DT 39142 1488 18 magnetic magnetic JJ 39142 1488 19 field field NN 39142 1488 20 are be VBP 39142 1488 21 widened widen VBN 39142 1488 22 , , , 39142 1488 23 or or CC 39142 1488 24 even even RB 39142 1488 25 split split VBD 39142 1488 26 into into IN 39142 1488 27 several several JJ 39142 1488 28 components component NNS 39142 1488 29 if if IN 39142 1488 30 the the DT 39142 1488 31 field field NN 39142 1488 32 is be VBZ 39142 1488 33 strong strong JJ 39142 1488 34 enough enough RB 39142 1488 35 . . . 39142 1489 1 Characteristic characteristic JJ 39142 1489 2 effects effect NNS 39142 1489 3 of of IN 39142 1489 4 polarization polarization NN 39142 1489 5 appear appear VBP 39142 1489 6 also also RB 39142 1489 7 . . . 39142 1490 1 The the DT 39142 1490 2 new new JJ 39142 1490 3 apparatus apparatus NN 39142 1490 4 of of IN 39142 1490 5 the the DT 39142 1490 6 observatory observatory NN 39142 1490 7 in in IN 39142 1490 8 conjunction conjunction NN 39142 1490 9 with with IN 39142 1490 10 experiments experiment NNS 39142 1490 11 in in IN 39142 1490 12 the the DT 39142 1490 13 laboratory laboratory NN 39142 1490 14 immediately immediately RB 39142 1490 15 provided provide VBD 39142 1490 16 evidence evidence NN 39142 1490 17 that that WDT 39142 1490 18 proved prove VBD 39142 1490 19 the the DT 39142 1490 20 existence existence NN 39142 1490 21 of of IN 39142 1490 22 magnetic magnetic JJ 39142 1490 23 fields field NNS 39142 1490 24 in in IN 39142 1490 25 sun sun NN 39142 1490 26 spots spot NNS 39142 1490 27 , , , 39142 1490 28 and and CC 39142 1490 29 strengthened strengthen VBD 39142 1490 30 the the DT 39142 1490 31 view view NN 39142 1490 32 that that IN 39142 1490 33 the the DT 39142 1490 34 spots spot NNS 39142 1490 35 are be VBP 39142 1490 36 caused cause VBN 39142 1490 37 by by IN 39142 1490 38 electric electric JJ 39142 1490 39 vortices vortex NNS 39142 1490 40 . . . 39142 1491 1 Extended extended JJ 39142 1491 2 investigations investigation NNS 39142 1491 3 have have VBP 39142 1491 4 led lead VBN 39142 1491 5 Hale Hale NNP 39142 1491 6 to to IN 39142 1491 7 the the DT 39142 1491 8 conclusion conclusion NN 39142 1491 9 that that IN 39142 1491 10 the the DT 39142 1491 11 sun sun NN 39142 1491 12 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 1491 13 is be VBZ 39142 1491 14 a a DT 39142 1491 15 magnet magnet NN 39142 1491 16 , , , 39142 1491 17 with with IN 39142 1491 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1491 19 poles pole NNS 39142 1491 20 situated situate VBN 39142 1491 21 at at IN 39142 1491 22 or or CC 39142 1491 23 near near IN 39142 1491 24 the the DT 39142 1491 25 poles pole NNS 39142 1491 26 of of IN 39142 1491 27 rotation rotation NN 39142 1491 28 . . . 39142 1492 1 In in IN 39142 1492 2 this this DT 39142 1492 3 respect respect NN 39142 1492 4 the the DT 39142 1492 5 sun sun NN 39142 1492 6 resembles resemble VBZ 39142 1492 7 the the DT 39142 1492 8 earth earth NN 39142 1492 9 , , , 39142 1492 10 which which WDT 39142 1492 11 has have VBZ 39142 1492 12 long long RB 39142 1492 13 been be VBN 39142 1492 14 known know VBN 39142 1492 15 to to TO 39142 1492 16 be be VB 39142 1492 17 a a DT 39142 1492 18 magnet magnet NN 39142 1492 19 . . . 39142 1493 1 The the DT 39142 1493 2 sun sun NN 39142 1493 3 's 's POS 39142 1493 4 axial axial JJ 39142 1493 5 rotation rotation NN 39142 1493 6 permits permit VBZ 39142 1493 7 investigation investigation NN 39142 1493 8 of of IN 39142 1493 9 the the DT 39142 1493 10 magnetic magnetic JJ 39142 1493 11 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 1493 12 of of IN 39142 1493 13 all all DT 39142 1493 14 parts part NNS 39142 1493 15 of of IN 39142 1493 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1493 17 surface surface NN 39142 1493 18 , , , 39142 1493 19 so so IN 39142 1493 20 that that IN 39142 1493 21 ultimately ultimately RB 39142 1493 22 the the DT 39142 1493 23 exact exact JJ 39142 1493 24 position position NN 39142 1493 25 of of IN 39142 1493 26 the the DT 39142 1493 27 sun sun NN 39142 1493 28 's 's POS 39142 1493 29 magnetic magnetic JJ 39142 1493 30 poles pole NNS 39142 1493 31 and and CC 39142 1493 32 the the DT 39142 1493 33 intensity intensity NN 39142 1493 34 of of IN 39142 1493 35 the the DT 39142 1493 36 field field NN 39142 1493 37 at at IN 39142 1493 38 different different JJ 39142 1493 39 levels level NNS 39142 1493 40 in in IN 39142 1493 41 the the DT 39142 1493 42 solar solar JJ 39142 1493 43 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1493 44 will will MD 39142 1493 45 be be VB 39142 1493 46 ascertained ascertain VBN 39142 1493 47 . . . 39142 1494 1 Schuster schuster NN 39142 1494 2 is be VBZ 39142 1494 3 of of IN 39142 1494 4 the the DT 39142 1494 5 opinion opinion NN 39142 1494 6 that that IN 39142 1494 7 not not RB 39142 1494 8 only only RB 39142 1494 9 the the DT 39142 1494 10 sun sun NN 39142 1494 11 and and CC 39142 1494 12 earth earth NN 39142 1494 13 , , , 39142 1494 14 but but CC 39142 1494 15 every every DT 39142 1494 16 star star NN 39142 1494 17 , , , 39142 1494 18 and and CC 39142 1494 19 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 1494 20 every every DT 39142 1494 21 rotating rotate VBG 39142 1494 22 body body NN 39142 1494 23 , , , 39142 1494 24 becomes become VBZ 39142 1494 25 a a DT 39142 1494 26 magnet magnet NN 39142 1494 27 by by IN 39142 1494 28 virtue virtue NN 39142 1494 29 of of IN 39142 1494 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1494 31 rotation rotation NN 39142 1494 32 . . . 39142 1495 1 Hale Hale NNP 39142 1495 2 is be VBZ 39142 1495 3 confident confident JJ 39142 1495 4 that that IN 39142 1495 5 the the DT 39142 1495 6 100-inch 100-inch CD 39142 1495 7 reflector reflector NN 39142 1495 8 will will MD 39142 1495 9 permit permit VB 39142 1495 10 the the DT 39142 1495 11 test test NN 39142 1495 12 for for IN 39142 1495 13 magnetism magnetism NN 39142 1495 14 to to TO 39142 1495 15 be be VB 39142 1495 16 applied apply VBN 39142 1495 17 to to IN 39142 1495 18 a a DT 39142 1495 19 few few JJ 39142 1495 20 of of IN 39142 1495 21 the the DT 39142 1495 22 stars star NNS 39142 1495 23 . . . 39142 1496 1 The the DT 39142 1496 2 sun sun NN 39142 1496 3 can can MD 39142 1496 4 be be VB 39142 1496 5 observed observe VBN 39142 1496 6 at at IN 39142 1496 7 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1496 8 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 1496 9 on on IN 39142 1496 10 at at IN 39142 1496 11 least least JJS 39142 1496 12 nine nine CD 39142 1496 13 - - HYPH 39142 1496 14 tenths tenth NNS 39142 1496 15 of of IN 39142 1496 16 all all PDT 39142 1496 17 the the DT 39142 1496 18 days day NNS 39142 1496 19 in in IN 39142 1496 20 the the DT 39142 1496 21 year year NN 39142 1496 22 , , , 39142 1496 23 and and CC 39142 1496 24 a a DT 39142 1496 25 daily daily JJ 39142 1496 26 record record NN 39142 1496 27 of of IN 39142 1496 28 the the DT 39142 1496 29 polarities polarity NNS 39142 1496 30 of of IN 39142 1496 31 all all DT 39142 1496 32 spots spot NNS 39142 1496 33 with with IN 39142 1496 34 the the DT 39142 1496 35 150-foot 150-foot CD 39142 1496 36 tower tower NN 39142 1496 37 telescope telescope NN 39142 1496 38 is be VBZ 39142 1496 39 a a DT 39142 1496 40 part part NN 39142 1496 41 of of IN 39142 1496 42 the the DT 39142 1496 43 routine routine NN 39142 1496 44 . . . 39142 1497 1 A a DT 39142 1497 2 method method NN 39142 1497 3 has have VBZ 39142 1497 4 been be VBN 39142 1497 5 devised devise VBN 39142 1497 6 for for IN 39142 1497 7 classifying classify VBG 39142 1497 8 sun sun NN 39142 1497 9 spots spot NNS 39142 1497 10 on on IN 39142 1497 11 the the DT 39142 1497 12 basis basis NN 39142 1497 13 of of IN 39142 1497 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1497 15 magnetic magnetic JJ 39142 1497 16 properties property NNS 39142 1497 17 , , , 39142 1497 18 and and CC 39142 1497 19 more more JJR 39142 1497 20 than than IN 39142 1497 21 a a DT 39142 1497 22 thousand thousand CD 39142 1497 23 spots spot NNS 39142 1497 24 have have VBP 39142 1497 25 already already RB 39142 1497 26 been be VBN 39142 1497 27 so so RB 39142 1497 28 classified classified JJ 39142 1497 29 . . . 39142 1498 1 About about RB 39142 1498 2 60 60 CD 39142 1498 3 per per NN 39142 1498 4 cent cent NN 39142 1498 5 of of IN 39142 1498 6 all all DT 39142 1498 7 sun sun NN 39142 1498 8 spots spot NNS 39142 1498 9 are be VBP 39142 1498 10 found find VBN 39142 1498 11 to to TO 39142 1498 12 be be VB 39142 1498 13 binary binary JJ 39142 1498 14 groups group NNS 39142 1498 15 , , , 39142 1498 16 the the DT 39142 1498 17 single single JJ 39142 1498 18 or or CC 39142 1498 19 multiple multiple JJ 39142 1498 20 members member NNS 39142 1498 21 of of IN 39142 1498 22 which which WDT 39142 1498 23 are be VBP 39142 1498 24 of of IN 39142 1498 25 opposite opposite JJ 39142 1498 26 magnetic magnetic JJ 39142 1498 27 polarity polarity NN 39142 1498 28 . . . 39142 1499 1 Unipolar unipolar JJ 39142 1499 2 spots spot NNS 39142 1499 3 are be VBP 39142 1499 4 very very RB 39142 1499 5 seldom seldom RB 39142 1499 6 observed observe VBN 39142 1499 7 without without IN 39142 1499 8 some some DT 39142 1499 9 indication indication NN 39142 1499 10 of of IN 39142 1499 11 the the DT 39142 1499 12 characteristics characteristic NNS 39142 1499 13 of of IN 39142 1499 14 bipolar bipolar JJ 39142 1499 15 groups group NNS 39142 1499 16 . . . 39142 1500 1 These these DT 39142 1500 2 are be VBP 39142 1500 3 usually usually RB 39142 1500 4 exhibited exhibit VBN 39142 1500 5 in in IN 39142 1500 6 the the DT 39142 1500 7 form form NN 39142 1500 8 of of IN 39142 1500 9 flocculi flocculi NNP 39142 1500 10 following follow VBG 39142 1500 11 the the DT 39142 1500 12 spot spot NN 39142 1500 13 . . . 39142 1501 1 The the DT 39142 1501 2 bipolar bipolar JJ 39142 1501 3 spot spot NN 39142 1501 4 seems seem VBZ 39142 1501 5 to to TO 39142 1501 6 be be VB 39142 1501 7 the the DT 39142 1501 8 dominant dominant JJ 39142 1501 9 type type NN 39142 1501 10 , , , 39142 1501 11 and and CC 39142 1501 12 the the DT 39142 1501 13 unipolar unipolar JJ 39142 1501 14 type type NN 39142 1501 15 a a DT 39142 1501 16 variant variant NN 39142 1501 17 of of IN 39142 1501 18 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1501 19 . . . 39142 1502 1 Although although IN 39142 1502 2 devised devise VBN 39142 1502 3 for for IN 39142 1502 4 quite quite PDT 39142 1502 5 another another DT 39142 1502 6 purpose purpose NN 39142 1502 7 , , , 39142 1502 8 that that DT 39142 1502 9 of of IN 39142 1502 10 photographing photograph VBG 39142 1502 11 the the DT 39142 1502 12 hydrogen hydrogen NN 39142 1502 13 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1502 14 on on IN 39142 1502 15 the the DT 39142 1502 16 limb limb NN 39142 1502 17 of of IN 39142 1502 18 the the DT 39142 1502 19 sun sun NN 39142 1502 20 , , , 39142 1502 21 the the DT 39142 1502 22 spectroheliograph spectroheliograph NN 39142 1502 23 has have VBZ 39142 1502 24 contributed contribute VBN 39142 1502 25 very very RB 39142 1502 26 effectively effectively RB 39142 1502 27 to to IN 39142 1502 28 many many JJ 39142 1502 29 departments department NNS 39142 1502 30 of of IN 39142 1502 31 solar solar JJ 39142 1502 32 research research NN 39142 1502 33 . . . 39142 1503 1 The the DT 39142 1503 2 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1503 3 are be VBP 39142 1503 4 dull dull JJ 39142 1503 5 reddish reddish JJ 39142 1503 6 cloudlets cloudlet NNS 39142 1503 7 that that WDT 39142 1503 8 were be VBD 39142 1503 9 first first RB 39142 1503 10 seen see VBN 39142 1503 11 during during IN 39142 1503 12 total total JJ 39142 1503 13 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1503 14 of of IN 39142 1503 15 the the DT 39142 1503 16 sun sun NN 39142 1503 17 . . . 39142 1504 1 Probably probably RB 39142 1504 2 Vassenius Vassenius NNP 39142 1504 3 , , , 39142 1504 4 a a DT 39142 1504 5 Swedish swedish JJ 39142 1504 6 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 1504 7 , , , 39142 1504 8 during during IN 39142 1504 9 the the DT 39142 1504 10 total total JJ 39142 1504 11 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1504 12 of of IN 39142 1504 13 1733 1733 CD 39142 1504 14 , , , 39142 1504 15 made make VBD 39142 1504 16 the the DT 39142 1504 17 earliest early JJS 39142 1504 18 record record NN 39142 1504 19 of of IN 39142 1504 20 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1504 21 , , , 39142 1504 22 as as IN 39142 1504 23 pinkish pinkish JJ 39142 1504 24 clouds cloud NNS 39142 1504 25 quite quite RB 39142 1504 26 detached detach VBN 39142 1504 27 from from IN 39142 1504 28 the the DT 39142 1504 29 edge edge NN 39142 1504 30 of of IN 39142 1504 31 the the DT 39142 1504 32 moon moon NN 39142 1504 33 ; ; : 39142 1504 34 and and CC 39142 1504 35 in in IN 39142 1504 36 that that DT 39142 1504 37 day day NN 39142 1504 38 , , , 39142 1504 39 when when WRB 39142 1504 40 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1504 41 had have VBD 39142 1504 42 not not RB 39142 1504 43 yet yet RB 39142 1504 44 been be VBN 39142 1504 45 proved prove VBN 39142 1504 46 that that IN 39142 1504 47 the the DT 39142 1504 48 moon moon NN 39142 1504 49 was be VBD 39142 1504 50 without without IN 39142 1504 51 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1504 52 , , , 39142 1504 53 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1504 54 naturally naturally RB 39142 1504 55 thought think VBD 39142 1504 56 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1504 57 belonged belong VBD 39142 1504 58 to to IN 39142 1504 59 the the DT 39142 1504 60 moon moon NN 39142 1504 61 , , , 39142 1504 62 not not RB 39142 1504 63 the the DT 39142 1504 64 sun sun NN 39142 1504 65 . . . 39142 1505 1 Undoubtedly undoubtedly RB 39142 1505 2 Ulloa Ulloa NNP 39142 1505 3 , , , 39142 1505 4 a a DT 39142 1505 5 Spanish spanish JJ 39142 1505 6 admiral admiral NN 39142 1505 7 , , , 39142 1505 8 also also RB 39142 1505 9 saw see VBD 39142 1505 10 the the DT 39142 1505 11 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1505 12 in in IN 39142 1505 13 observing observe VBG 39142 1505 14 the the DT 39142 1505 15 total total JJ 39142 1505 16 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1505 17 of of IN 39142 1505 18 1778 1778 CD 39142 1505 19 ; ; : 39142 1505 20 but but CC 39142 1505 21 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1505 22 seem seem VBP 39142 1505 23 to to TO 39142 1505 24 have have VB 39142 1505 25 attracted attract VBN 39142 1505 26 little little JJ 39142 1505 27 attention attention NN 39142 1505 28 till till IN 39142 1505 29 1842 1842 CD 39142 1505 30 , , , 39142 1505 31 when when WRB 39142 1505 32 a a DT 39142 1505 33 very very RB 39142 1505 34 important important JJ 39142 1505 35 total total JJ 39142 1505 36 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1505 37 was be VBD 39142 1505 38 central central JJ 39142 1505 39 throughout throughout IN 39142 1505 40 Europe Europe NNP 39142 1505 41 , , , 39142 1505 42 and and CC 39142 1505 43 observed observe VBN 39142 1505 44 with with IN 39142 1505 45 great great JJ 39142 1505 46 care care NN 39142 1505 47 by by IN 39142 1505 48 many many JJ 39142 1505 49 of of IN 39142 1505 50 the the DT 39142 1505 51 eminent eminent JJ 39142 1505 52 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1505 53 of of IN 39142 1505 54 all all DT 39142 1505 55 countries country NNS 39142 1505 56 . . . 39142 1506 1 So so RB 39142 1506 2 different different JJ 39142 1506 3 did do VBD 39142 1506 4 the the DT 39142 1506 5 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1506 6 appear appear VB 39142 1506 7 to to IN 39142 1506 8 different different JJ 39142 1506 9 eyes eye NNS 39142 1506 10 , , , 39142 1506 11 and and CC 39142 1506 12 so so RB 39142 1506 13 many many JJ 39142 1506 14 were be VBD 39142 1506 15 the the DT 39142 1506 16 theories theory NNS 39142 1506 17 as as IN 39142 1506 18 to to IN 39142 1506 19 what what WP 39142 1506 20 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1506 21 were be VBD 39142 1506 22 , , , 39142 1506 23 that that IN 39142 1506 24 no no DT 39142 1506 25 general general JJ 39142 1506 26 consensus consensus NN 39142 1506 27 of of IN 39142 1506 28 opinion opinion NN 39142 1506 29 was be VBD 39142 1506 30 reached reach VBN 39142 1506 31 , , , 39142 1506 32 and and CC 39142 1506 33 some some DT 39142 1506 34 thought think VBD 39142 1506 35 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1506 36 no no DT 39142 1506 37 part part NN 39142 1506 38 of of IN 39142 1506 39 either either DT 39142 1506 40 sun sun NN 39142 1506 41 or or CC 39142 1506 42 moon moon NN 39142 1506 43 , , , 39142 1506 44 but but CC 39142 1506 45 a a DT 39142 1506 46 mere mere JJ 39142 1506 47 mirage mirage NN 39142 1506 48 or or CC 39142 1506 49 optical optical JJ 39142 1506 50 illusion illusion NN 39142 1506 51 . . . 39142 1507 1 But but CC 39142 1507 2 at at IN 39142 1507 3 the the DT 39142 1507 4 return return NN 39142 1507 5 of of IN 39142 1507 6 this this DT 39142 1507 7 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1507 8 in in IN 39142 1507 9 1860 1860 CD 39142 1507 10 , , , 39142 1507 11 photography photography NN 39142 1507 12 was be VBD 39142 1507 13 employed employ VBN 39142 1507 14 so so IN 39142 1507 15 as as IN 39142 1507 16 to to TO 39142 1507 17 demonstrate demonstrate VB 39142 1507 18 beyond beyond IN 39142 1507 19 a a DT 39142 1507 20 shadow shadow NN 39142 1507 21 of of IN 39142 1507 22 doubt doubt NN 39142 1507 23 the the DT 39142 1507 24 real real JJ 39142 1507 25 existence existence NN 39142 1507 26 and and CC 39142 1507 27 true true JJ 39142 1507 28 solar solar JJ 39142 1507 29 character character NN 39142 1507 30 of of IN 39142 1507 31 the the DT 39142 1507 32 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1507 33 . . . 39142 1508 1 By by IN 39142 1508 2 the the DT 39142 1508 3 slow slow JJ 39142 1508 4 progress progress NN 39142 1508 5 of of IN 39142 1508 6 the the DT 39142 1508 7 moon moon NN 39142 1508 8 across across IN 39142 1508 9 the the DT 39142 1508 10 sun sun NN 39142 1508 11 and and CC 39142 1508 12 the the DT 39142 1508 13 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1508 14 on on IN 39142 1508 15 the the DT 39142 1508 16 edge edge NN 39142 1508 17 , , , 39142 1508 18 a a DT 39142 1508 19 unique unique JJ 39142 1508 20 series series NN 39142 1508 21 of of IN 39142 1508 22 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1508 23 by by IN 39142 1508 24 De De NNP 39142 1508 25 la la NNP 39142 1508 26 Rue Rue NNP 39142 1508 27 showed show VBD 39142 1508 28 the the DT 39142 1508 29 moon moon NN 39142 1508 30 's 's POS 39142 1508 31 edge edge NN 39142 1508 32 gradually gradually RB 39142 1508 33 cutting cut VBG 39142 1508 34 off off RP 39142 1508 35 the the DT 39142 1508 36 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1508 37 piecemeal piecemeal RB 39142 1508 38 on on IN 39142 1508 39 one one CD 39142 1508 40 side side NN 39142 1508 41 of of IN 39142 1508 42 the the DT 39142 1508 43 sun sun NN 39142 1508 44 , , , 39142 1508 45 and and CC 39142 1508 46 equally equally RB 39142 1508 47 gradually gradually RB 39142 1508 48 uncovering uncover VBG 39142 1508 49 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1508 50 on on IN 39142 1508 51 the the DT 39142 1508 52 opposite opposite JJ 39142 1508 53 side side NN 39142 1508 54 . . . 39142 1509 1 The the DT 39142 1509 2 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1509 3 , , , 39142 1509 4 then then RB 39142 1509 5 , , , 39142 1509 6 were be VBD 39142 1509 7 known know VBN 39142 1509 8 to to TO 39142 1509 9 be be VB 39142 1509 10 real real JJ 39142 1509 11 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 1509 12 of of IN 39142 1509 13 the the DT 39142 1509 14 sun sun NN 39142 1509 15 , , , 39142 1509 16 some some DT 39142 1509 17 of of IN 39142 1509 18 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1509 19 disconnectedly disconnectedly RB 39142 1509 20 floating float VBG 39142 1509 21 in in IN 39142 1509 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1509 23 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1509 24 , , , 39142 1509 25 as as IN 39142 1509 26 if if IN 39142 1509 27 clouds cloud NNS 39142 1509 28 . . . 39142 1510 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1510 2 forms form NNS 39142 1510 3 did do VBD 39142 1510 4 not not RB 39142 1510 5 vary vary VB 39142 1510 6 rapidly rapidly RB 39142 1510 7 , , , 39142 1510 8 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1510 9 were be VBD 39142 1510 10 very very RB 39142 1510 11 abundant abundant JJ 39142 1510 12 , , , 39142 1510 13 and and CC 39142 1510 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1510 15 light light NN 39142 1510 16 was be VBD 39142 1510 17 so so RB 39142 1510 18 rich rich JJ 39142 1510 19 in in IN 39142 1510 20 rays ray NNS 39142 1510 21 of of IN 39142 1510 22 great great JJ 39142 1510 23 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1510 24 intensity intensity NN 39142 1510 25 that that WDT 39142 1510 26 many many JJ 39142 1510 27 were be VBD 39142 1510 28 caught catch VBN 39142 1510 29 on on IN 39142 1510 30 the the DT 39142 1510 31 plate plate NN 39142 1510 32 which which WDT 39142 1510 33 the the DT 39142 1510 34 eye eye NN 39142 1510 35 failed fail VBD 39142 1510 36 to to TO 39142 1510 37 see see VB 39142 1510 38 ; ; : 39142 1510 39 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1510 40 appeared appear VBD 39142 1510 41 at at IN 39142 1510 42 every every DT 39142 1510 43 part part NN 39142 1510 44 of of IN 39142 1510 45 the the DT 39142 1510 46 sun sun NN 39142 1510 47 's 's POS 39142 1510 48 limb limb NN 39142 1510 49 and and CC 39142 1510 50 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1510 51 height height NN 39142 1510 52 above above IN 39142 1510 53 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1510 54 indicated indicate VBD 39142 1510 55 that that IN 39142 1510 56 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1510 57 must must MD 39142 1510 58 be be VB 39142 1510 59 many many JJ 39142 1510 60 thousand thousand CD 39142 1510 61 miles mile NNS 39142 1510 62 in in IN 39142 1510 63 actual actual JJ 39142 1510 64 dimension dimension NN 39142 1510 65 . . . 39142 1511 1 What what WP 39142 1511 2 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1511 3 were be VBD 39142 1511 4 , , , 39142 1511 5 however however RB 39142 1511 6 , , , 39142 1511 7 remained remain VBD 39142 1511 8 an an DT 39142 1511 9 entire entire JJ 39142 1511 10 mystery mystery NN 39142 1511 11 , , , 39142 1511 12 and and CC 39142 1511 13 no no DT 39142 1511 14 one one NN 39142 1511 15 even even RB 39142 1511 16 thought think VBD 39142 1511 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1511 18 possible possible JJ 39142 1511 19 to to TO 39142 1511 20 find find VB 39142 1511 21 out out RP 39142 1511 22 what what WP 39142 1511 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1511 24 chemical chemical NN 39142 1511 25 constitution constitution NN 39142 1511 26 might may MD 39142 1511 27 be be VB 39142 1511 28 or or CC 39142 1511 29 to to TO 39142 1511 30 measure measure VB 39142 1511 31 the the DT 39142 1511 32 speed speed NN 39142 1511 33 with with IN 39142 1511 34 which which WDT 39142 1511 35 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1511 36 moved move VBD 39142 1511 37 . . . 39142 1512 1 A a DT 39142 1512 2 few few JJ 39142 1512 3 years year NNS 39142 1512 4 later later RB 39142 1512 5 came come VBD 39142 1512 6 the the DT 39142 1512 7 great great JJ 39142 1512 8 Indian indian JJ 39142 1512 9 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1512 10 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1512 11 August August NNP 39142 1512 12 28 28 CD 39142 1512 13 , , , 39142 1512 14 1868 1868 CD 39142 1512 15 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1512 16 , , , 39142 1512 17 at at IN 39142 1512 18 that that DT 39142 1512 19 date date NN 39142 1512 20 the the DT 39142 1512 21 longest long JJS 39142 1512 22 total total JJ 39142 1512 23 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1512 24 ever ever RB 39142 1512 25 observed observe VBN 39142 1512 26 . . . 39142 1513 1 Janssen Janssen NNP 39142 1513 2 of of IN 39142 1513 3 France France NNP 39142 1513 4 and and CC 39142 1513 5 many many JJ 39142 1513 6 others other NNS 39142 1513 7 went go VBD 39142 1513 8 out out RP 39142 1513 9 to to IN 39142 1513 10 India India NNP 39142 1513 11 to to TO 39142 1513 12 witness witness VB 39142 1513 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1513 14 . . . 39142 1514 1 Fortunately fortunately RB 39142 1514 2 the the DT 39142 1514 3 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1514 4 were be VBD 39142 1514 5 very very RB 39142 1514 6 brilliant brilliant JJ 39142 1514 7 and and CC 39142 1514 8 this this DT 39142 1514 9 led lead VBD 39142 1514 10 Janssen Janssen NNP 39142 1514 11 to to TO 39142 1514 12 believe believe VB 39142 1514 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1514 14 would would MD 39142 1514 15 be be VB 39142 1514 16 possible possible JJ 39142 1514 17 for for IN 39142 1514 18 him -PRON- PRP 39142 1514 19 to to TO 39142 1514 20 see see VB 39142 1514 21 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1514 22 the the DT 39142 1514 23 day day NN 39142 1514 24 after after IN 39142 1514 25 the the DT 39142 1514 26 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1514 27 was be VBD 39142 1514 28 over over RB 39142 1514 29 . . . 39142 1515 1 By by IN 39142 1515 2 modifying modify VBG 39142 1515 3 the the DT 39142 1515 4 adjustment adjustment NN 39142 1515 5 of of IN 39142 1515 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1515 7 apparatus apparatus NN 39142 1515 8 suitably suitably RB 39142 1515 9 and and CC 39142 1515 10 changing change VBG 39142 1515 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1515 12 relation relation NN 39142 1515 13 to to IN 39142 1515 14 the the DT 39142 1515 15 sun sun NN 39142 1515 16 's 's POS 39142 1515 17 edge edge NN 39142 1515 18 , , , 39142 1515 19 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1515 20 found find VBD 39142 1515 21 that that IN 39142 1515 22 hydrogen hydrogen NN 39142 1515 23 is be VBZ 39142 1515 24 the the DT 39142 1515 25 main main JJ 39142 1515 26 constituent constituent NN 39142 1515 27 in in IN 39142 1515 28 the the DT 39142 1515 29 light light NN 39142 1515 30 of of IN 39142 1515 31 the the DT 39142 1515 32 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1515 33 . . . 39142 1516 1 In in IN 39142 1516 2 addition addition NN 39142 1516 3 to to IN 39142 1516 4 this this DT 39142 1516 5 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1516 6 was be VBD 39142 1516 7 able able JJ 39142 1516 8 to to TO 39142 1516 9 trace trace VB 39142 1516 10 out out RP 39142 1516 11 the the DT 39142 1516 12 shapes shape NNS 39142 1516 13 of of IN 39142 1516 14 the the DT 39142 1516 15 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1516 16 , , , 39142 1516 17 and and CC 39142 1516 18 even even RB 39142 1516 19 measure measure VBP 39142 1516 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1516 21 dimensions dimension NNS 39142 1516 22 . . . 39142 1517 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1517 2 station station NN 39142 1517 3 in in IN 39142 1517 4 India India NNP 39142 1517 5 was be VBD 39142 1517 6 at at IN 39142 1517 7 Guntoor Guntoor NNP 39142 1517 8 , , , 39142 1517 9 many many JJ 39142 1517 10 weeks week NNS 39142 1517 11 by by IN 39142 1517 12 post post NN 39142 1517 13 from from IN 39142 1517 14 home home NN 39142 1517 15 ; ; : 39142 1517 16 so so IN 39142 1517 17 that that IN 39142 1517 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1517 19 account account NN 39142 1517 20 of of IN 39142 1517 21 this this DT 39142 1517 22 important important JJ 39142 1517 23 discovery discovery NN 39142 1517 24 reached reach VBD 39142 1517 25 the the DT 39142 1517 26 Paris Paris NNP 39142 1517 27 Academy Academy NNP 39142 1517 28 of of IN 39142 1517 29 Sciences Sciences NNPS 39142 1517 30 for for IN 39142 1517 31 communication communication NN 39142 1517 32 with with IN 39142 1517 33 another another DT 39142 1517 34 from from IN 39142 1517 35 the the DT 39142 1517 36 late late JJ 39142 1517 37 Sir Sir NNP 39142 1517 38 Norman Norman NNP 39142 1517 39 Lockyer Lockyer NNP 39142 1517 40 of of IN 39142 1517 41 England England NNP 39142 1517 42 , , , 39142 1517 43 announcing announce VBG 39142 1517 44 a a DT 39142 1517 45 like like JJ 39142 1517 46 discovery discovery NN 39142 1517 47 , , , 39142 1517 48 wholly wholly RB 39142 1517 49 independently independently RB 39142 1517 50 . . . 39142 1518 1 The the DT 39142 1518 2 principle principle NN 39142 1518 3 is be VBZ 39142 1518 4 simply simply RB 39142 1518 5 this this DT 39142 1518 6 , , , 39142 1518 7 and and CC 39142 1518 8 admirably admirably RB 39142 1518 9 stated state VBN 39142 1518 10 by by IN 39142 1518 11 Young Young NNP 39142 1518 12 : : : 39142 1518 13 " " `` 39142 1518 14 Under under IN 39142 1518 15 ordinary ordinary JJ 39142 1518 16 circumstances circumstance NNS 39142 1518 17 the the DT 39142 1518 18 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1518 19 are be VBP 39142 1518 20 invisible invisible JJ 39142 1518 21 , , , 39142 1518 22 for for IN 39142 1518 23 the the DT 39142 1518 24 same same JJ 39142 1518 25 reason reason NN 39142 1518 26 as as IN 39142 1518 27 the the DT 39142 1518 28 stars star NNS 39142 1518 29 in in IN 39142 1518 30 the the DT 39142 1518 31 daytime daytime NN 39142 1518 32 : : : 39142 1518 33 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1518 34 are be VBP 39142 1518 35 hidden hide VBN 39142 1518 36 by by IN 39142 1518 37 the the DT 39142 1518 38 intense intense JJ 39142 1518 39 light light NN 39142 1518 40 reflected reflect VBN 39142 1518 41 from from IN 39142 1518 42 the the DT 39142 1518 43 particles particle NNS 39142 1518 44 of of IN 39142 1518 45 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1518 46 own own JJ 39142 1518 47 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1518 48 near near IN 39142 1518 49 the the DT 39142 1518 50 sun sun NN 39142 1518 51 's 's POS 39142 1518 52 place place NN 39142 1518 53 in in IN 39142 1518 54 the the DT 39142 1518 55 sky sky NN 39142 1518 56 ; ; : 39142 1518 57 and and CC 39142 1518 58 if if IN 39142 1518 59 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1518 60 could could MD 39142 1518 61 only only RB 39142 1518 62 sufficiently sufficiently RB 39142 1518 63 weaken weaken VB 39142 1518 64 this this DT 39142 1518 65 aerial aerial JJ 39142 1518 66 illumination illumination NN 39142 1518 67 , , , 39142 1518 68 without without IN 39142 1518 69 at at IN 39142 1518 70 the the DT 39142 1518 71 same same JJ 39142 1518 72 time time NN 39142 1518 73 weakening weaken VBG 39142 1518 74 _ _ NNP 39142 1518 75 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1518 76 _ _ NNP 39142 1518 77 light light NN 39142 1518 78 , , , 39142 1518 79 the the DT 39142 1518 80 end end NN 39142 1518 81 would would MD 39142 1518 82 be be VB 39142 1518 83 gained gain VBN 39142 1518 84 . . . 39142 1519 1 And and CC 39142 1519 2 the the DT 39142 1519 3 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 1519 4 accomplishes accomplish VBZ 39142 1519 5 this this DT 39142 1519 6 very very JJ 39142 1519 7 thing thing NN 39142 1519 8 . . . 39142 1520 1 Since since IN 39142 1520 2 the the DT 39142 1520 3 air air NN 39142 1520 4 - - HYPH 39142 1520 5 light light NN 39142 1520 6 is be VBZ 39142 1520 7 reflected reflect VBN 39142 1520 8 sunshine sunshine NN 39142 1520 9 , , , 39142 1520 10 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1520 11 of of IN 39142 1520 12 course course NN 39142 1520 13 presents present VBZ 39142 1520 14 the the DT 39142 1520 15 same same JJ 39142 1520 16 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1520 17 as as IN 39142 1520 18 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 1520 19 , , , 39142 1520 20 a a DT 39142 1520 21 continuous continuous JJ 39142 1520 22 band band NN 39142 1520 23 of of IN 39142 1520 24 color color NN 39142 1520 25 crossed cross VBN 39142 1520 26 by by IN 39142 1520 27 dark dark JJ 39142 1520 28 lines line NNS 39142 1520 29 . . . 39142 1521 1 Now now RB 39142 1521 2 , , , 39142 1521 3 this this DT 39142 1521 4 sort sort NN 39142 1521 5 of of IN 39142 1521 6 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1521 7 is be VBZ 39142 1521 8 greatly greatly RB 39142 1521 9 weakened weaken VBN 39142 1521 10 by by IN 39142 1521 11 every every DT 39142 1521 12 increase increase NN 39142 1521 13 of of IN 39142 1521 14 dispersive dispersive JJ 39142 1521 15 power power NN 39142 1521 16 , , , 39142 1521 17 because because IN 39142 1521 18 the the DT 39142 1521 19 light light NN 39142 1521 20 is be VBZ 39142 1521 21 spread spread VBN 39142 1521 22 out out RP 39142 1521 23 into into IN 39142 1521 24 a a DT 39142 1521 25 longer long JJR 39142 1521 26 ribbon ribbon NN 39142 1521 27 and and CC 39142 1521 28 made make VBN 39142 1521 29 to to TO 39142 1521 30 cover cover VB 39142 1521 31 a a DT 39142 1521 32 more more RBR 39142 1521 33 extended extended JJ 39142 1521 34 area area NN 39142 1521 35 . . . 39142 1522 1 On on IN 39142 1522 2 the the DT 39142 1522 3 other other JJ 39142 1522 4 hand hand NN 39142 1522 5 , , , 39142 1522 6 a a DT 39142 1522 7 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1522 8 of of IN 39142 1522 9 bright bright JJ 39142 1522 10 lines line NNS 39142 1522 11 undergoes undergo VBZ 39142 1522 12 no no DT 39142 1522 13 such such JJ 39142 1522 14 weakening weakening NN 39142 1522 15 by by IN 39142 1522 16 an an DT 39142 1522 17 increase increase NN 39142 1522 18 in in IN 39142 1522 19 the the DT 39142 1522 20 dispersive dispersive JJ 39142 1522 21 power power NN 39142 1522 22 of of IN 39142 1522 23 the the DT 39142 1522 24 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 1522 25 . . . 39142 1523 1 The the DT 39142 1523 2 bright bright JJ 39142 1523 3 lines line NNS 39142 1523 4 are be VBP 39142 1523 5 only only RB 39142 1523 6 more more RBR 39142 1523 7 widely widely RB 39142 1523 8 separated separated JJ 39142 1523 9 -- -- : 39142 1523 10 not not RB 39142 1523 11 in in IN 39142 1523 12 the the DT 39142 1523 13 least least JJS 39142 1523 14 diffused diffused JJ 39142 1523 15 or or CC 39142 1523 16 shorn shorn VB 39142 1523 17 of of IN 39142 1523 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1523 19 brightness brightness NN 39142 1523 20 . . . 39142 1523 21 " " '' 39142 1524 1 Simultaneous simultaneous JJ 39142 1524 2 announcement announcement NN 39142 1524 3 of of IN 39142 1524 4 this this DT 39142 1524 5 great great JJ 39142 1524 6 discovery discovery NN 39142 1524 7 , , , 39142 1524 8 by by IN 39142 1524 9 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1524 10 of of IN 39142 1524 11 different different JJ 39142 1524 12 nations nation NNS 39142 1524 13 , , , 39142 1524 14 working work VBG 39142 1524 15 in in IN 39142 1524 16 widely widely RB 39142 1524 17 separate separate JJ 39142 1524 18 regions region NNS 39142 1524 19 of of IN 39142 1524 20 the the DT 39142 1524 21 earth earth NN 39142 1524 22 , , , 39142 1524 23 led lead VBD 39142 1524 24 to to IN 39142 1524 25 the the DT 39142 1524 26 striking striking NN 39142 1524 27 of of IN 39142 1524 28 a a DT 39142 1524 29 gold gold NN 39142 1524 30 medal medal NN 39142 1524 31 by by IN 39142 1524 32 the the DT 39142 1524 33 French french JJ 39142 1524 34 Government Government NNP 39142 1524 35 in in IN 39142 1524 36 honor honor NN 39142 1524 37 of of IN 39142 1524 38 both both DT 39142 1524 39 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1524 40 and and CC 39142 1524 41 bearing bear VBG 39142 1524 42 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1524 43 united united NNP 39142 1524 44 effigies effigy NNS 39142 1524 45 . . . 39142 1525 1 Ever ever RB 39142 1525 2 since since IN 39142 1525 3 the the DT 39142 1525 4 famous famous JJ 39142 1525 5 Indian indian JJ 39142 1525 6 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1525 7 of of IN 39142 1525 8 1868 1868 CD 39142 1525 9 , , , 39142 1525 10 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1525 11 has have VBZ 39142 1525 12 not not RB 39142 1525 13 been be VBN 39142 1525 14 necessary necessary JJ 39142 1525 15 to to TO 39142 1525 16 wait wait VB 39142 1525 17 for for IN 39142 1525 18 a a DT 39142 1525 19 total total JJ 39142 1525 20 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1525 21 in in IN 39142 1525 22 order order NN 39142 1525 23 to to TO 39142 1525 24 observe observe VB 39142 1525 25 the the DT 39142 1525 26 solar solar JJ 39142 1525 27 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1525 28 , , , 39142 1525 29 but but CC 39142 1525 30 every every DT 39142 1525 31 observer observer NN 39142 1525 32 provided provide VBN 39142 1525 33 with with IN 39142 1525 34 suitable suitable JJ 39142 1525 35 apparatus apparatus NN 39142 1525 36 has have VBZ 39142 1525 37 been be VBN 39142 1525 38 able able JJ 39142 1525 39 to to TO 39142 1525 40 observe observe VB 39142 1525 41 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1525 42 in in IN 39142 1525 43 full full JJ 39142 1525 44 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 1525 45 whenever whenever WRB 39142 1525 46 desired desire VBN 39142 1525 47 , , , 39142 1525 48 and and CC 39142 1525 49 the the DT 39142 1525 50 charting charting NN 39142 1525 51 of of IN 39142 1525 52 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1525 53 is be VBZ 39142 1525 54 part part NN 39142 1525 55 of of IN 39142 1525 56 the the DT 39142 1525 57 daily daily JJ 39142 1525 58 routine routine NN 39142 1525 59 at at IN 39142 1525 60 several several JJ 39142 1525 61 observatories observatory NNS 39142 1525 62 in in IN 39142 1525 63 different different JJ 39142 1525 64 parts part NNS 39142 1525 65 of of IN 39142 1525 66 the the DT 39142 1525 67 world world NN 39142 1525 68 . . . 39142 1526 1 So so RB 39142 1526 2 vast vast JJ 39142 1526 3 has have VBZ 39142 1526 4 been be VBN 39142 1526 5 the the DT 39142 1526 6 accumulation accumulation NN 39142 1526 7 of of IN 39142 1526 8 data datum NNS 39142 1526 9 about about IN 39142 1526 10 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1526 11 that that WDT 39142 1526 12 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1526 13 know know VBP 39142 1526 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1526 15 numbers number NNS 39142 1526 16 to to TO 39142 1526 17 fluctuate fluctuate VB 39142 1526 18 with with IN 39142 1526 19 the the DT 39142 1526 20 spots spot NNS 39142 1526 21 on on IN 39142 1526 22 the the DT 39142 1526 23 sun sun NN 39142 1526 24 ; ; : 39142 1526 25 and and CC 39142 1526 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1526 27 distribution distribution NN 39142 1526 28 over over IN 39142 1526 29 the the DT 39142 1526 30 sun sun NN 39142 1526 31 's 's POS 39142 1526 32 surface surface NN 39142 1526 33 resembles resemble VBZ 39142 1526 34 in in IN 39142 1526 35 a a DT 39142 1526 36 way way NN 39142 1526 37 that that DT 39142 1526 38 of of IN 39142 1526 39 the the DT 39142 1526 40 spots spot NNS 39142 1526 41 . . . 39142 1527 1 While while IN 39142 1527 2 the the DT 39142 1527 3 spots spot NNS 39142 1527 4 and and CC 39142 1527 5 protuberances protuberance NNS 39142 1527 6 are be VBP 39142 1527 7 most most RBS 39142 1527 8 numerous numerous JJ 39142 1527 9 around around IN 39142 1527 10 solar solar JJ 39142 1527 11 latitude latitude NN 39142 1527 12 20 20 CD 39142 1527 13 degrees degree NNS 39142 1527 14 both both CC 39142 1527 15 north north NN 39142 1527 16 and and CC 39142 1527 17 south south NN 39142 1527 18 , , , 39142 1527 19 the the DT 39142 1527 20 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1527 21 do do VBP 39142 1527 22 not not RB 39142 1527 23 disappear disappear VB 39142 1527 24 above above IN 39142 1527 25 latitude latitude NN 39142 1527 26 35 35 CD 39142 1527 27 to to TO 39142 1527 28 40 40 CD 39142 1527 29 degrees degree NNS 39142 1527 30 , , , 39142 1527 31 as as IN 39142 1527 32 the the DT 39142 1527 33 spots spot NNS 39142 1527 34 do do VBP 39142 1527 35 , , , 39142 1527 36 but but CC 39142 1527 37 from from IN 39142 1527 38 latitude latitude NN 39142 1527 39 60 60 CD 39142 1527 40 degrees degree NNS 39142 1527 41 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1527 42 increase increase VBP 39142 1527 43 in in IN 39142 1527 44 number number NN 39142 1527 45 to to IN 39142 1527 46 about about RB 39142 1527 47 75 75 CD 39142 1527 48 degrees degree NNS 39142 1527 49 , , , 39142 1527 50 and and CC 39142 1527 51 are be VBP 39142 1527 52 occasionally occasionally RB 39142 1527 53 observed observe VBN 39142 1527 54 even even RB 39142 1527 55 at at IN 39142 1527 56 the the DT 39142 1527 57 sun sun NN 39142 1527 58 's 's POS 39142 1527 59 poles pole NNS 39142 1527 60 . . . 39142 1528 1 Faculæ Faculæ NNP 39142 1528 2 and and CC 39142 1528 3 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1528 4 are be VBP 39142 1528 5 more more RBR 39142 1528 6 closely closely RB 39142 1528 7 related related JJ 39142 1528 8 than than IN 39142 1528 9 the the DT 39142 1528 10 sun sun NN 39142 1528 11 spots spot NNS 39142 1528 12 and and CC 39142 1528 13 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1528 14 . . . 39142 1529 1 There there EX 39142 1529 2 are be VBP 39142 1529 3 wide wide JJ 39142 1529 4 variations variation NNS 39142 1529 5 in in IN 39142 1529 6 both both CC 39142 1529 7 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 1529 8 and and CC 39142 1529 9 type type NN 39142 1529 10 of of IN 39142 1529 11 the the DT 39142 1529 12 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1529 13 . . . 39142 1530 1 Heights height NNS 39142 1530 2 above above IN 39142 1530 3 the the DT 39142 1530 4 sun sun NN 39142 1530 5 's 's POS 39142 1530 6 limb limb NN 39142 1530 7 of of IN 39142 1530 8 a a DT 39142 1530 9 few few JJ 39142 1530 10 thousand thousand CD 39142 1530 11 miles mile NNS 39142 1530 12 are be VBP 39142 1530 13 very very RB 39142 1530 14 common common JJ 39142 1530 15 , , , 39142 1530 16 and and CC 39142 1530 17 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1530 18 rarely rarely RB 39142 1530 19 reach reach VBP 39142 1530 20 elevations elevation NNS 39142 1530 21 as as RB 39142 1530 22 great great JJ 39142 1530 23 as as IN 39142 1530 24 100,000 100,000 CD 39142 1530 25 miles mile NNS 39142 1530 26 , , , 39142 1530 27 though though IN 39142 1530 28 a a DT 39142 1530 29 very very RB 39142 1530 30 occasional occasional JJ 39142 1530 31 one one NN 39142 1530 32 reaches reach VBZ 39142 1530 33 even even RB 39142 1530 34 greater great JJR 39142 1530 35 heights height NNS 39142 1530 36 . . . 39142 1531 1 Classification classification NN 39142 1531 2 of of IN 39142 1531 3 the the DT 39142 1531 4 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1531 5 divides divide VBZ 39142 1531 6 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1531 7 into into IN 39142 1531 8 two two CD 39142 1531 9 broad broad JJ 39142 1531 10 types type NNS 39142 1531 11 , , , 39142 1531 12 the the DT 39142 1531 13 quiescent quiescent JJ 39142 1531 14 and and CC 39142 1531 15 the the DT 39142 1531 16 eruptive eruptive NN 39142 1531 17 . . . 39142 1532 1 The the DT 39142 1532 2 former former JJ 39142 1532 3 are be VBP 39142 1532 4 for for IN 39142 1532 5 the the DT 39142 1532 6 most most JJS 39142 1532 7 part part NN 39142 1532 8 hydrogen hydrogen NN 39142 1532 9 , , , 39142 1532 10 and and CC 39142 1532 11 the the DT 39142 1532 12 latter latter JJ 39142 1532 13 metallic metallic NN 39142 1532 14 . . . 39142 1533 1 The the DT 39142 1533 2 quiescent quiescent JJ 39142 1533 3 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1533 4 resemble resemble VBP 39142 1533 5 closely closely RB 39142 1533 6 the the DT 39142 1533 7 stratus stratus NN 39142 1533 8 and and CC 39142 1533 9 cirrus cirrus NN 39142 1533 10 type type NN 39142 1533 11 of of IN 39142 1533 12 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 39142 1533 13 clouds cloud NNS 39142 1533 14 , , , 39142 1533 15 and and CC 39142 1533 16 are be VBP 39142 1533 17 frequently frequently RB 39142 1533 18 of of IN 39142 1533 19 enormous enormous JJ 39142 1533 20 extent extent NN 39142 1533 21 along along IN 39142 1533 22 the the DT 39142 1533 23 sun sun NN 39142 1533 24 's 's POS 39142 1533 25 edge edge NN 39142 1533 26 . . . 39142 1534 1 They -PRON- PRP 39142 1534 2 are be VBP 39142 1534 3 relatively relatively RB 39142 1534 4 long long RB 39142 1534 5 - - HYPH 39142 1534 6 lived live VBN 39142 1534 7 , , , 39142 1534 8 persisting persist VBG 39142 1534 9 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 1534 10 for for IN 39142 1534 11 days day NNS 39142 1534 12 without without IN 39142 1534 13 much much JJ 39142 1534 14 change change NN 39142 1534 15 . . . 39142 1535 1 The the DT 39142 1535 2 eruptive eruptive JJ 39142 1535 3 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1535 4 are be VBP 39142 1535 5 more more RBR 39142 1535 6 brilliant brilliant JJ 39142 1535 7 , , , 39142 1535 8 changing change VBG 39142 1535 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1535 10 form form NN 39142 1535 11 and and CC 39142 1535 12 brightness brightness NN 39142 1535 13 rapidly rapidly RB 39142 1535 14 . . . 39142 1536 1 Often often RB 39142 1536 2 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1536 3 appear appear VBP 39142 1536 4 as as IN 39142 1536 5 brilliant brilliant JJ 39142 1536 6 spikes spike NNS 39142 1536 7 or or CC 39142 1536 8 jets jet NNS 39142 1536 9 , , , 39142 1536 10 reaching reach VBG 39142 1536 11 altitudes altitude NNS 39142 1536 12 that that WDT 39142 1536 13 average average VBP 39142 1536 14 about about RB 39142 1536 15 25,000 25,000 CD 39142 1536 16 miles mile NNS 39142 1536 17 . . . 39142 1537 1 Rarely rarely RB 39142 1537 2 seen see VBN 39142 1537 3 near near IN 39142 1537 4 the the DT 39142 1537 5 sun sun NN 39142 1537 6 's 's POS 39142 1537 7 poles pole NNS 39142 1537 8 , , , 39142 1537 9 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1537 10 are be VBP 39142 1537 11 much much RB 39142 1537 12 more more RBR 39142 1537 13 numerous numerous JJ 39142 1537 14 nearer nearer IN 39142 1537 15 the the DT 39142 1537 16 sun sun NN 39142 1537 17 spots spot NNS 39142 1537 18 . . . 39142 1538 1 Speed speed NN 39142 1538 2 of of IN 39142 1538 3 motion motion NN 39142 1538 4 of of IN 39142 1538 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1538 6 filaments filament NNS 39142 1538 7 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 1538 8 exceeds exceed VBZ 39142 1538 9 one one CD 39142 1538 10 hundred hundred CD 39142 1538 11 miles mile NNS 39142 1538 12 a a DT 39142 1538 13 second second NN 39142 1538 14 , , , 39142 1538 15 and and CC 39142 1538 16 the the DT 39142 1538 17 changing change VBG 39142 1538 18 variety variety NN 39142 1538 19 of of IN 39142 1538 20 shapes shape NNS 39142 1538 21 of of IN 39142 1538 22 the the DT 39142 1538 23 eruptive eruptive JJ 39142 1538 24 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1538 25 is be VBZ 39142 1538 26 most most RBS 39142 1538 27 interesting interesting JJ 39142 1538 28 . . . 39142 1539 1 Oftentimes oftentimes RB 39142 1539 2 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1539 3 change change VBP 39142 1539 4 so so RB 39142 1539 5 rapidly rapidly RB 39142 1539 6 that that IN 39142 1539 7 only only JJ 39142 1539 8 photography photography NN 39142 1539 9 can can MD 39142 1539 10 do do VB 39142 1539 11 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1539 12 justice justice NN 39142 1539 13 . . . 39142 1540 1 Prominence prominence NN 39142 1540 2 photography photography NN 39142 1540 3 began begin VBD 39142 1540 4 with with IN 39142 1540 5 Young Young NNP 39142 1540 6 a a DT 39142 1540 7 half half JJ 39142 1540 8 century century NN 39142 1540 9 ago ago RB 39142 1540 10 , , , 39142 1540 11 who who WP 39142 1540 12 obtained obtain VBD 39142 1540 13 the the DT 39142 1540 14 first first JJ 39142 1540 15 successful successful JJ 39142 1540 16 impression impression NN 39142 1540 17 on on IN 39142 1540 18 a a DT 39142 1540 19 microscope microscope NN 39142 1540 20 slide slide NN 39142 1540 21 with with IN 39142 1540 22 a a DT 39142 1540 23 sensitized sensitized JJ 39142 1540 24 film film NN 39142 1540 25 of of IN 39142 1540 26 collodion collodion NN 39142 1540 27 ; ; , 39142 1540 28 as as IN 39142 1540 29 was be VBD 39142 1540 30 necessary necessary JJ 39142 1540 31 in in IN 39142 1540 32 the the DT 39142 1540 33 earlier early JJR 39142 1540 34 wet wet JJ 39142 1540 35 - - HYPH 39142 1540 36 plate plate NN 39142 1540 37 process process NN 39142 1540 38 of of IN 39142 1540 39 photography photography NN 39142 1540 40 , , , 39142 1540 41 which which WDT 39142 1540 42 required require VBD 39142 1540 43 exposures exposure NNS 39142 1540 44 so so RB 39142 1540 45 long long RB 39142 1540 46 that that IN 39142 1540 47 little little JJ 39142 1540 48 progress progress NN 39142 1540 49 was be VBD 39142 1540 50 effected effect VBN 39142 1540 51 for for IN 39142 1540 52 about about RB 39142 1540 53 twenty twenty CD 39142 1540 54 years year NNS 39142 1540 55 . . . 39142 1541 1 Then then RB 39142 1541 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1541 3 was be VBD 39142 1541 4 taken take VBN 39142 1541 5 up up RP 39142 1541 6 by by IN 39142 1541 7 Deslandres deslandre NNS 39142 1541 8 of of IN 39142 1541 9 Paris Paris NNP 39142 1541 10 and and CC 39142 1541 11 Hale Hale NNP 39142 1541 12 of of IN 39142 1541 13 Chicago Chicago NNP 39142 1541 14 independently independently RB 39142 1541 15 , , , 39142 1541 16 both both DT 39142 1541 17 of of IN 39142 1541 18 whom whom WP 39142 1541 19 succeeded succeed VBD 39142 1541 20 in in IN 39142 1541 21 devising devise VBG 39142 1541 22 a a DT 39142 1541 23 complex complex JJ 39142 1541 24 type type NN 39142 1541 25 of of IN 39142 1541 26 apparatus apparatus NN 39142 1541 27 known know VBN 39142 1541 28 as as IN 39142 1541 29 the the DT 39142 1541 30 spectroheliograph spectroheliograph NN 39142 1541 31 , , , 39142 1541 32 by by IN 39142 1541 33 which which WDT 39142 1541 34 all all PDT 39142 1541 35 the the DT 39142 1541 36 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1541 37 surrounding surround VBG 39142 1541 38 the the DT 39142 1541 39 entire entire JJ 39142 1541 40 limb limb NN 39142 1541 41 of of IN 39142 1541 42 the the DT 39142 1541 43 sun sun NN 39142 1541 44 can can MD 39142 1541 45 be be VB 39142 1541 46 photographed photograph VBN 39142 1541 47 at at IN 39142 1541 48 any any DT 39142 1541 49 time time NN 39142 1541 50 by by IN 39142 1541 51 light light NN 39142 1541 52 of of IN 39142 1541 53 a a DT 39142 1541 54 single single JJ 39142 1541 55 wave wave NN 39142 1541 56 - - HYPH 39142 1541 57 length length NN 39142 1541 58 , , , 39142 1541 59 together together RB 39142 1541 60 with with IN 39142 1541 61 the the DT 39142 1541 62 disk disk NN 39142 1541 63 of of IN 39142 1541 64 the the DT 39142 1541 65 sun sun NN 39142 1541 66 on on IN 39142 1541 67 the the DT 39142 1541 68 same same JJ 39142 1541 69 negative negative NN 39142 1541 70 . . . 39142 1542 1 The the DT 39142 1542 2 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1542 3 appear appear VBP 39142 1542 4 to to TO 39142 1542 5 be be VB 39142 1542 6 intimately intimately RB 39142 1542 7 connected connect VBN 39142 1542 8 with with IN 39142 1542 9 a a DT 39142 1542 10 gaseous gaseous JJ 39142 1542 11 envelope envelope NN 39142 1542 12 surrounding surround VBG 39142 1542 13 the the DT 39142 1542 14 solar solar JJ 39142 1542 15 photosphere photosphere NN 39142 1542 16 , , , 39142 1542 17 in in IN 39142 1542 18 which which WDT 39142 1542 19 sodium sodium NN 39142 1542 20 and and CC 39142 1542 21 magnesium magnesium NN 39142 1542 22 are be VBP 39142 1542 23 present present JJ 39142 1542 24 as as RB 39142 1542 25 well well RB 39142 1542 26 as as IN 39142 1542 27 hydrogen hydrogen NN 39142 1542 28 . . . 39142 1543 1 The the DT 39142 1543 2 depth depth NN 39142 1543 3 of of IN 39142 1543 4 the the DT 39142 1543 5 chromosphere chromosphere NN 39142 1543 6 is be VBZ 39142 1543 7 usually usually RB 39142 1543 8 between between IN 39142 1543 9 5,000 5,000 CD 39142 1543 10 and and CC 39142 1543 11 10,000 10,000 CD 39142 1543 12 miles mile NNS 39142 1543 13 , , , 39142 1543 14 and and CC 39142 1543 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1543 16 existence existence NN 39142 1543 17 was be VBD 39142 1543 18 first first RB 39142 1543 19 made make VBN 39142 1543 20 out out RP 39142 1543 21 during during IN 39142 1543 22 the the DT 39142 1543 23 total total JJ 39142 1543 24 solar solar JJ 39142 1543 25 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1543 26 of of IN 39142 1543 27 1605 1605 CD 39142 1543 28 and and CC 39142 1543 29 1706 1706 CD 39142 1543 30 , , , 39142 1543 31 when when WRB 39142 1543 32 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1543 33 appeared appear VBD 39142 1543 34 as as IN 39142 1543 35 an an DT 39142 1543 36 irregular irregular NN 39142 1543 37 rose rise VBD 39142 1543 38 - - HYPH 39142 1543 39 tinted tint VBN 39142 1543 40 fringe fringe NN 39142 1543 41 , , , 39142 1543 42 though though IN 39142 1543 43 not not RB 39142 1543 44 at at IN 39142 1543 45 the the DT 39142 1543 46 time time NN 39142 1543 47 recognized recognize VBN 39142 1543 48 as as IN 39142 1543 49 belonging belong VBG 39142 1543 50 to to IN 39142 1543 51 the the DT 39142 1543 52 sun sun NN 39142 1543 53 . . . 39142 1544 1 The the DT 39142 1544 2 constitution constitution NN 39142 1544 3 of of IN 39142 1544 4 the the DT 39142 1544 5 sun sun NN 39142 1544 6 and and CC 39142 1544 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1544 8 envelopes envelope NNS 39142 1544 9 are be VBP 39142 1544 10 still still RB 39142 1544 11 under under IN 39142 1544 12 discussion discussion NN 39142 1544 13 , , , 39142 1544 14 and and CC 39142 1544 15 no no DT 39142 1544 16 complete complete JJ 39142 1544 17 theory theory NN 39142 1544 18 of of IN 39142 1544 19 the the DT 39142 1544 20 sun sun NN 39142 1544 21 has have VBZ 39142 1544 22 yet yet RB 39142 1544 23 been be VBN 39142 1544 24 advanced advance VBN 39142 1544 25 which which WDT 39142 1544 26 commands command VBZ 39142 1544 27 the the DT 39142 1544 28 widest wide JJS 39142 1544 29 acceptance acceptance NN 39142 1544 30 . . . 39142 1545 1 Of of IN 39142 1545 2 the the DT 39142 1545 3 interior interior NN 39142 1545 4 of of IN 39142 1545 5 the the DT 39142 1545 6 sun sun NN 39142 1545 7 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1545 8 can can MD 39142 1545 9 only only RB 39142 1545 10 surmise surmise VB 39142 1545 11 that that IN 39142 1545 12 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1545 13 is be VBZ 39142 1545 14 composed compose VBN 39142 1545 15 of of IN 39142 1545 16 gases gas NNS 39142 1545 17 which which WDT 39142 1545 18 , , , 39142 1545 19 because because IN 39142 1545 20 of of IN 39142 1545 21 intense intense JJ 39142 1545 22 heat heat NN 39142 1545 23 and and CC 39142 1545 24 compression compression NN 39142 1545 25 , , , 39142 1545 26 are be VBP 39142 1545 27 in in IN 39142 1545 28 a a DT 39142 1545 29 state state NN 39142 1545 30 unfamiliar unfamiliar JJ 39142 1545 31 on on IN 39142 1545 32 earth earth NN 39142 1545 33 and and CC 39142 1545 34 impossible impossible JJ 39142 1545 35 to to TO 39142 1545 36 reproduce reproduce VB 39142 1545 37 in in IN 39142 1545 38 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1545 39 laboratories laboratory NNS 39142 1545 40 . . . 39142 1546 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1546 2 consistency consistency NN 39142 1546 3 may may MD 39142 1546 4 be be VB 39142 1546 5 that that DT 39142 1546 6 of of IN 39142 1546 7 melted melted JJ 39142 1546 8 pitch pitch NN 39142 1546 9 or or CC 39142 1546 10 tar tar NN 39142 1546 11 . . . 39142 1547 1 Surrounding surround VBG 39142 1547 2 the the DT 39142 1547 3 main main JJ 39142 1547 4 body body NN 39142 1547 5 of of IN 39142 1547 6 the the DT 39142 1547 7 sun sun NN 39142 1547 8 are be VBP 39142 1547 9 a a DT 39142 1547 10 series series NN 39142 1547 11 of of IN 39142 1547 12 layers layer NNS 39142 1547 13 , , , 39142 1547 14 shells shell NNS 39142 1547 15 , , , 39142 1547 16 or or CC 39142 1547 17 atmospheres atmosphere NNS 39142 1547 18 . . . 39142 1548 1 Outside outside IN 39142 1548 2 of of IN 39142 1548 3 all all DT 39142 1548 4 and and CC 39142 1548 5 very very RB 39142 1548 6 irregular irregular JJ 39142 1548 7 in in IN 39142 1548 8 structure structure NN 39142 1548 9 , , , 39142 1548 10 indeed indeed RB 39142 1548 11 probably probably RB 39142 1548 12 not not RB 39142 1548 13 a a DT 39142 1548 14 solar solar JJ 39142 1548 15 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1548 16 at at RB 39142 1548 17 all all RB 39142 1548 18 , , , 39142 1548 19 is be VBZ 39142 1548 20 the the DT 39142 1548 21 solar solar JJ 39142 1548 22 corona corona NN 39142 1548 23 , , , 39142 1548 24 parts part NNS 39142 1548 25 of of IN 39142 1548 26 which which WDT 39142 1548 27 behave behave VBP 39142 1548 28 much much RB 39142 1548 29 as as IN 39142 1548 30 if if IN 39142 1548 31 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1548 32 were be VBD 39142 1548 33 an an DT 39142 1548 34 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1548 35 , , , 39142 1548 36 but but CC 39142 1548 37 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1548 38 appears appear VBZ 39142 1548 39 to to TO 39142 1548 40 be be VB 39142 1548 41 bound bind VBN 39142 1548 42 up up RP 39142 1548 43 in in IN 39142 1548 44 some some DT 39142 1548 45 way way NN 39142 1548 46 with with IN 39142 1548 47 the the DT 39142 1548 48 sun sun NN 39142 1548 49 's 's POS 39142 1548 50 radiation radiation NN 39142 1548 51 . . . 39142 1549 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1549 2 has have VBZ 39142 1549 3 streamers streamer NNS 39142 1549 4 that that WDT 39142 1549 5 vary vary VBP 39142 1549 6 with with IN 39142 1549 7 the the DT 39142 1549 8 sun sun NN 39142 1549 9 - - HYPH 39142 1549 10 spot spot NN 39142 1549 11 period period NN 39142 1549 12 , , , 39142 1549 13 but but CC 39142 1549 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1549 15 constitution constitution NN 39142 1549 16 and and CC 39142 1549 17 function function NN 39142 1549 18 are be VBP 39142 1549 19 very very RB 39142 1549 20 imperfectly imperfectly RB 39142 1549 21 known know VBN 39142 1549 22 , , , 39142 1549 23 because because IN 39142 1549 24 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1549 25 has have VBZ 39142 1549 26 never never RB 39142 1549 27 been be VBN 39142 1549 28 seen see VBN 39142 1549 29 or or CC 39142 1549 30 photographed photograph VBN 39142 1549 31 except except IN 39142 1549 32 at at IN 39142 1549 33 rare rare JJ 39142 1549 34 intervals interval NNS 39142 1549 35 on on IN 39142 1549 36 occasion occasion NN 39142 1549 37 of of IN 39142 1549 38 total total JJ 39142 1549 39 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1549 40 of of IN 39142 1549 41 the the DT 39142 1549 42 sun sun NN 39142 1549 43 . . . 39142 1550 1 Beneath beneath IN 39142 1550 2 the the DT 39142 1550 3 corona corona NN 39142 1550 4 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1550 5 meet meet VBP 39142 1550 6 the the DT 39142 1550 7 projecting projecting NN 39142 1550 8 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1550 9 , , , 39142 1550 10 to to TO 39142 1550 11 which which WDT 39142 1550 12 parts part NNS 39142 1550 13 of of IN 39142 1550 14 the the DT 39142 1550 15 corona corona NN 39142 1550 16 are be VBP 39142 1550 17 certainly certainly RB 39142 1550 18 related relate VBN 39142 1550 19 , , , 39142 1550 20 and and CC 39142 1550 21 beneath beneath IN 39142 1550 22 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1550 23 the the DT 39142 1550 24 first first JJ 39142 1550 25 true true JJ 39142 1550 26 layer layer NN 39142 1550 27 or or CC 39142 1550 28 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1550 29 of of IN 39142 1550 30 the the DT 39142 1550 31 sun sun NN 39142 1550 32 known know VBN 39142 1550 33 as as IN 39142 1550 34 the the DT 39142 1550 35 chromosphere chromosphere NN 39142 1550 36 , , , 39142 1550 37 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1550 38 average average JJ 39142 1550 39 depth depth NN 39142 1550 40 being be VBG 39142 1550 41 about about RB 39142 1550 42 one one CD 39142 1550 43 - - HYPH 39142 1550 44 hundredth hundredth JJ 39142 1550 45 part part NN 39142 1550 46 of of IN 39142 1550 47 the the DT 39142 1550 48 sun sun NN 39142 1550 49 's 's POS 39142 1550 50 diameter diameter NN 39142 1550 51 . . . 39142 1551 1 Beneath beneath IN 39142 1551 2 the the DT 39142 1551 3 chromosphere chromosphere NN 39142 1551 4 is be VBZ 39142 1551 5 the the DT 39142 1551 6 layer layer NN 39142 1551 7 of of IN 39142 1551 8 the the DT 39142 1551 9 sun sun NN 39142 1551 10 from from IN 39142 1551 11 which which WDT 39142 1551 12 emanates emanate VBZ 39142 1551 13 the the DT 39142 1551 14 light light NN 39142 1551 15 by by IN 39142 1551 16 which which WDT 39142 1551 17 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1551 18 see see VBP 39142 1551 19 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1551 20 , , , 39142 1551 21 called call VBN 39142 1551 22 the the DT 39142 1551 23 photosphere photosphere NN 39142 1551 24 . . . 39142 1552 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1552 2 appears appear VBZ 39142 1552 3 to to TO 39142 1552 4 be be VB 39142 1552 5 composed compose VBN 39142 1552 6 of of IN 39142 1552 7 filaments filament NNS 39142 1552 8 due due IN 39142 1552 9 to to IN 39142 1552 10 the the DT 39142 1552 11 condensation condensation NN 39142 1552 12 of of IN 39142 1552 13 metallic metallic JJ 39142 1552 14 vapors vapor NNS 39142 1552 15 , , , 39142 1552 16 and and CC 39142 1552 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1552 18 is be VBZ 39142 1552 19 the the DT 39142 1552 20 outer outer JJ 39142 1552 21 extremities extremity NNS 39142 1552 22 of of IN 39142 1552 23 these these DT 39142 1552 24 filaments filament NNS 39142 1552 25 which which WDT 39142 1552 26 are be VBP 39142 1552 27 seen see VBN 39142 1552 28 as as IN 39142 1552 29 the the DT 39142 1552 30 granular granular JJ 39142 1552 31 structures structure NNS 39142 1552 32 everywhere everywhere RB 39142 1552 33 covering cover VBG 39142 1552 34 the the DT 39142 1552 35 disk disk NN 39142 1552 36 of of IN 39142 1552 37 the the DT 39142 1552 38 sun sun NN 39142 1552 39 . . . 39142 1553 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1553 2 light light NN 39142 1553 3 shines shine VBZ 39142 1553 4 through through IN 39142 1553 5 the the DT 39142 1553 6 chromosphere chromosphere NN 39142 1553 7 and and CC 39142 1553 8 the the DT 39142 1553 9 spots spot NNS 39142 1553 10 are be VBP 39142 1553 11 ruptures rupture NNS 39142 1553 12 in in IN 39142 1553 13 this this DT 39142 1553 14 envelope envelope NN 39142 1553 15 . . . 39142 1554 1 Between between IN 39142 1554 2 photosphere photosphere NN 39142 1554 3 and and CC 39142 1554 4 chromosphere chromosphere NN 39142 1554 5 is be VBZ 39142 1554 6 a a DT 39142 1554 7 very very RB 39142 1554 8 thin thin JJ 39142 1554 9 envelope envelope NN 39142 1554 10 , , , 39142 1554 11 probably probably RB 39142 1554 12 not not RB 39142 1554 13 over over IN 39142 1554 14 700 700 CD 39142 1554 15 miles mile NNS 39142 1554 16 in in IN 39142 1554 17 thickness thickness NN 39142 1554 18 , , , 39142 1554 19 called call VBD 39142 1554 20 the the DT 39142 1554 21 reversing reversing NN 39142 1554 22 layer layer NN 39142 1554 23 . . . 39142 1555 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1555 2 is be VBZ 39142 1555 3 this this DT 39142 1555 4 relatively relatively RB 39142 1555 5 thin thin JJ 39142 1555 6 shell shell NN 39142 1555 7 that that WDT 39142 1555 8 is be VBZ 39142 1555 9 responsible responsible JJ 39142 1555 10 for for IN 39142 1555 11 the the DT 39142 1555 12 absorption absorption NN 39142 1555 13 which which WDT 39142 1555 14 produces produce VBZ 39142 1555 15 the the DT 39142 1555 16 dark dark JJ 39142 1555 17 lines line NNS 39142 1555 18 in in IN 39142 1555 19 the the DT 39142 1555 20 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1555 21 of of IN 39142 1555 22 the the DT 39142 1555 23 sun sun NN 39142 1555 24 . . . 39142 1556 1 Under under IN 39142 1556 2 normal normal JJ 39142 1556 3 conditions condition NNS 39142 1556 4 the the DT 39142 1556 5 filaments filament NNS 39142 1556 6 of of IN 39142 1556 7 the the DT 39142 1556 8 photosphere photosphere NN 39142 1556 9 are be VBP 39142 1556 10 radial radial JJ 39142 1556 11 , , , 39142 1556 12 that that DT 39142 1556 13 is be VBZ 39142 1556 14 vertical vertical JJ 39142 1556 15 on on IN 39142 1556 16 the the DT 39142 1556 17 sun sun NN 39142 1556 18 ; ; : 39142 1556 19 but but CC 39142 1556 20 whenever whenever WRB 39142 1556 21 eruptions eruption NNS 39142 1556 22 take take VBP 39142 1556 23 place place NN 39142 1556 24 , , , 39142 1556 25 as as IN 39142 1556 26 during during IN 39142 1556 27 the the DT 39142 1556 28 occurrence occurrence NN 39142 1556 29 of of IN 39142 1556 30 spots spot NNS 39142 1556 31 , , , 39142 1556 32 the the DT 39142 1556 33 adjacent adjacent JJ 39142 1556 34 filaments filament NNS 39142 1556 35 are be VBP 39142 1556 36 violently violently RB 39142 1556 37 swept sweep VBN 39142 1556 38 out out IN 39142 1556 39 of of IN 39142 1556 40 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1556 41 normal normal JJ 39142 1556 42 vertical vertical JJ 39142 1556 43 lines line NNS 39142 1556 44 and and CC 39142 1556 45 these these DT 39142 1556 46 displaced displace VBN 39142 1556 47 columns column NNS 39142 1556 48 then then RB 39142 1556 49 form form VBP 39142 1556 50 what what WP 39142 1556 51 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1556 52 view view VBP 39142 1556 53 as as IN 39142 1556 54 the the DT 39142 1556 55 spot spot NN 39142 1556 56 's 's POS 39142 1556 57 penumbra penumbra NN 39142 1556 58 . . . 39142 1557 1 From from IN 39142 1557 2 the the DT 39142 1557 3 outer outer JJ 39142 1557 4 surface surface NN 39142 1557 5 of of IN 39142 1557 6 the the DT 39142 1557 7 sun sun NN 39142 1557 8 's 's POS 39142 1557 9 chromosphere chromosphere NN 39142 1557 10 rise rise NN 39142 1557 11 in in IN 39142 1557 12 eruptive eruptive JJ 39142 1557 13 columns column NNS 39142 1557 14 vapors vapor NNS 39142 1557 15 of of IN 39142 1557 16 hydrogen hydrogen NNP 39142 1557 17 and and CC 39142 1557 18 the the DT 39142 1557 19 various various JJ 39142 1557 20 metals metal NNS 39142 1557 21 of of IN 39142 1557 22 which which WDT 39142 1557 23 the the DT 39142 1557 24 sun sun NN 39142 1557 25 is be VBZ 39142 1557 26 composed compose VBN 39142 1557 27 . . . 39142 1558 1 These these DT 39142 1558 2 and and CC 39142 1558 3 the the DT 39142 1558 4 spots spot NNS 39142 1558 5 would would MD 39142 1558 6 naturally naturally RB 39142 1558 7 occur occur VB 39142 1558 8 in in IN 39142 1558 9 periods period NNS 39142 1558 10 just just RB 39142 1558 11 as as IN 39142 1558 12 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1558 13 see see VBP 39142 1558 14 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1558 15 . . . 39142 1559 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 1559 2 have have VBP 39142 1559 3 said say VBN 39142 1559 4 that that IN 39142 1559 5 the the DT 39142 1559 6 sun sun NN 39142 1559 7 is be VBZ 39142 1559 8 composed compose VBN 39142 1559 9 of of IN 39142 1559 10 a a DT 39142 1559 11 mass mass NN 39142 1559 12 of of IN 39142 1559 13 highly highly RB 39142 1559 14 heated heated JJ 39142 1559 15 or or CC 39142 1559 16 incandescent incandescent JJ 39142 1559 17 vapors vapor NNS 39142 1559 18 or or CC 39142 1559 19 gases gas NNS 39142 1559 20 , , , 39142 1559 21 whose whose WP$ 39142 1559 22 compression compression NN 39142 1559 23 on on IN 39142 1559 24 account account NN 39142 1559 25 of of IN 39142 1559 26 gravity gravity NN 39142 1559 27 must must MD 39142 1559 28 render render VB 39142 1559 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1559 30 physical physical JJ 39142 1559 31 condition condition NN 39142 1559 32 quite quite RB 39142 1559 33 different different JJ 39142 1559 34 from from IN 39142 1559 35 any any DT 39142 1559 36 gaseous gaseous JJ 39142 1559 37 forms form NNS 39142 1559 38 known know VBN 39142 1559 39 on on IN 39142 1559 40 the the DT 39142 1559 41 earth earth NN 39142 1559 42 or or CC 39142 1559 43 which which WDT 39142 1559 44 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1559 45 can can MD 39142 1559 46 reproduce reproduce VB 39142 1559 47 here here RB 39142 1559 48 . . . 39142 1560 1 As as IN 39142 1560 2 the the DT 39142 1560 3 result result NN 39142 1560 4 of of IN 39142 1560 5 more more JJR 39142 1560 6 than than IN 39142 1560 7 half half PDT 39142 1560 8 a a DT 39142 1560 9 century century NN 39142 1560 10 of of IN 39142 1560 11 studious studious JJ 39142 1560 12 observation observation NN 39142 1560 13 of of IN 39142 1560 14 the the DT 39142 1560 15 sun sun NN 39142 1560 16 and and CC 39142 1560 17 mapping mapping NN 39142 1560 18 of of IN 39142 1560 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1560 20 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1560 21 in in IN 39142 1560 22 every every DT 39142 1560 23 part part NN 39142 1560 24 , , , 39142 1560 25 and and CC 39142 1560 26 diligent diligent JJ 39142 1560 27 comparison comparison NN 39142 1560 28 with with IN 39142 1560 29 the the DT 39142 1560 30 spectra spectra NN 39142 1560 31 of of IN 39142 1560 32 all all DT 39142 1560 33 known know VBN 39142 1560 34 chemical chemical NN 39142 1560 35 elements element NNS 39142 1560 36 on on IN 39142 1560 37 the the DT 39142 1560 38 earth earth NN 39142 1560 39 , , , 39142 1560 40 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1560 41 find find VBP 39142 1560 42 that that IN 39142 1560 43 the the DT 39142 1560 44 sun sun NN 39142 1560 45 contains contain VBZ 39142 1560 46 no no DT 39142 1560 47 elements element NNS 39142 1560 48 not not RB 39142 1560 49 already already RB 39142 1560 50 found find VBN 39142 1560 51 here here RB 39142 1560 52 , , , 39142 1560 53 but but CC 39142 1560 54 that that IN 39142 1560 55 a a DT 39142 1560 56 great great JJ 39142 1560 57 preponderance preponderance NN 39142 1560 58 of of IN 39142 1560 59 elements element NNS 39142 1560 60 known know VBN 39142 1560 61 to to IN 39142 1560 62 earth earth NN 39142 1560 63 are be VBP 39142 1560 64 found find VBN 39142 1560 65 in in IN 39142 1560 66 the the DT 39142 1560 67 sun sun NN 39142 1560 68 . . . 39142 1561 1 The the DT 39142 1561 2 intensity intensity NN 39142 1561 3 of of IN 39142 1561 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1561 5 spectral spectral JJ 39142 1561 6 lines line NNS 39142 1561 7 is be VBZ 39142 1561 8 one one CD 39142 1561 9 prominent prominent JJ 39142 1561 10 indication indication NN 39142 1561 11 of of IN 39142 1561 12 the the DT 39142 1561 13 presence presence NN 39142 1561 14 of of IN 39142 1561 15 elements element NNS 39142 1561 16 in in IN 39142 1561 17 the the DT 39142 1561 18 sun sun NN 39142 1561 19 , , , 39142 1561 20 and and CC 39142 1561 21 the the DT 39142 1561 22 number number NN 39142 1561 23 of of IN 39142 1561 24 coincidences coincidence NNS 39142 1561 25 of of IN 39142 1561 26 spectral spectral JJ 39142 1561 27 lines line NNS 39142 1561 28 is be VBZ 39142 1561 29 another another DT 39142 1561 30 . . . 39142 1562 1 Iron iron NN 39142 1562 2 , , , 39142 1562 3 nickel nickel NN 39142 1562 4 , , , 39142 1562 5 calcium calcium NN 39142 1562 6 , , , 39142 1562 7 manganese manganese JJ 39142 1562 8 , , , 39142 1562 9 sodium sodium NN 39142 1562 10 , , , 39142 1562 11 cobalt cobalt NN 39142 1562 12 , , , 39142 1562 13 and and CC 39142 1562 14 carbon carbon NN 39142 1562 15 are be VBP 39142 1562 16 among among IN 39142 1562 17 the the DT 39142 1562 18 elements element NNS 39142 1562 19 most most RBS 39142 1562 20 strongly strongly RB 39142 1562 21 identified identify VBN 39142 1562 22 . . . 39142 1563 1 A a DT 39142 1563 2 few few JJ 39142 1563 3 of of IN 39142 1563 4 the the DT 39142 1563 5 rarer rarer NN 39142 1563 6 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 39142 1563 7 elements element NNS 39142 1563 8 are be VBP 39142 1563 9 of of IN 39142 1563 10 doubtful doubtful JJ 39142 1563 11 existence existence NN 39142 1563 12 in in IN 39142 1563 13 the the DT 39142 1563 14 sun sun NN 39142 1563 15 , , , 39142 1563 16 and and CC 39142 1563 17 a a DT 39142 1563 18 very very RB 39142 1563 19 few few JJ 39142 1563 20 , , , 39142 1563 21 as as IN 39142 1563 22 gold gold NN 39142 1563 23 , , , 39142 1563 24 bismuth bismuth NNP 39142 1563 25 , , , 39142 1563 26 antimony antimony NNP 39142 1563 27 , , , 39142 1563 28 and and CC 39142 1563 29 sulphur sulphur NNP 39142 1563 30 are be VBP 39142 1563 31 not not RB 39142 1563 32 found find VBN 39142 1563 33 there there RB 39142 1563 34 , , , 39142 1563 35 and and CC 39142 1563 36 the the DT 39142 1563 37 existence existence NN 39142 1563 38 of of IN 39142 1563 39 oxygen oxygen NN 39142 1563 40 in in IN 39142 1563 41 the the DT 39142 1563 42 sun sun NN 39142 1563 43 is be VBZ 39142 1563 44 regarded regard VBN 39142 1563 45 by by IN 39142 1563 46 some some DT 39142 1563 47 experts expert NNS 39142 1563 48 as as IN 39142 1563 49 doubtful doubtful JJ 39142 1563 50 . . . 39142 1564 1 But but CC 39142 1564 2 if if IN 39142 1564 3 the the DT 39142 1564 4 whole whole JJ 39142 1564 5 earth earth NN 39142 1564 6 were be VBD 39142 1564 7 vaporized vaporize VBN 39142 1564 8 by by IN 39142 1564 9 heat heat NN 39142 1564 10 , , , 39142 1564 11 probably probably RB 39142 1564 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1564 13 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1564 14 would would MD 39142 1564 15 resemble resemble VB 39142 1564 16 that that DT 39142 1564 17 of of IN 39142 1564 18 the the DT 39142 1564 19 sun sun NN 39142 1564 20 very very RB 39142 1564 21 closely closely RB 39142 1564 22 . . . 39142 1565 1 What what WP 39142 1565 2 are be VBP 39142 1565 3 the the DT 39142 1565 4 effects effect NNS 39142 1565 5 of of IN 39142 1565 6 the the DT 39142 1565 7 sun sun NN 39142 1565 8 , , , 39142 1565 9 and and CC 39142 1565 10 sun sun NN 39142 1565 11 spots spot NNS 39142 1565 12 in in IN 39142 1565 13 particular particular JJ 39142 1565 14 , , , 39142 1565 15 on on IN 39142 1565 16 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1565 17 weather weather NN 39142 1565 18 ? ? . 39142 1566 1 Is be VBZ 39142 1566 2 the the DT 39142 1566 3 influence influence NN 39142 1566 4 of of IN 39142 1566 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1566 6 periodicity periodicity NN 39142 1566 7 potent potent JJ 39142 1566 8 or or CC 39142 1566 9 negligible negligible JJ 39142 1566 10 ? ? . 39142 1567 1 If if IN 39142 1567 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1567 3 investigate investigate VBP 39142 1567 4 conditions condition NNS 39142 1567 5 pertaining pertain VBG 39142 1567 6 to to IN 39142 1567 7 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 39142 1567 8 magnetism magnetism NN 39142 1567 9 , , , 39142 1567 10 as as IN 39142 1567 11 fluctuations fluctuation NNS 39142 1567 12 of of IN 39142 1567 13 the the DT 39142 1567 14 magnetic magnetic JJ 39142 1567 15 needle needle NN 39142 1567 16 , , , 39142 1567 17 and and CC 39142 1567 18 the the DT 39142 1567 19 frequency frequency NN 39142 1567 20 of of IN 39142 1567 21 auroræ auroræ NN 39142 1567 22 , , , 39142 1567 23 there there EX 39142 1567 24 is be VBZ 39142 1567 25 no no DT 39142 1567 26 occasion occasion NN 39142 1567 27 for for IN 39142 1567 28 doubt doubt NN 39142 1567 29 of of IN 39142 1567 30 the the DT 39142 1567 31 sun sun NN 39142 1567 32 's 's POS 39142 1567 33 direct direct JJ 39142 1567 34 influence influence NN 39142 1567 35 , , , 39142 1567 36 although although IN 39142 1567 37 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1567 38 are be VBP 39142 1567 39 not not RB 39142 1567 40 able able JJ 39142 1567 41 to to TO 39142 1567 42 say say VB 39142 1567 43 just just RB 39142 1567 44 how how WRB 39142 1567 45 that that DT 39142 1567 46 influence influence NN 39142 1567 47 becomes become VBZ 39142 1567 48 potent potent JJ 39142 1567 49 . . . 39142 1568 1 If if IN 39142 1568 2 , , , 39142 1568 3 however however RB 39142 1568 4 , , , 39142 1568 5 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1568 6 look look VBP 39142 1568 7 into into IN 39142 1568 8 questions question NNS 39142 1568 9 of of IN 39142 1568 10 temperature temperature NN 39142 1568 11 , , , 39142 1568 12 barometric barometric JJ 39142 1568 13 pressure pressure NN 39142 1568 14 , , , 39142 1568 15 rainfall rainfall NN 39142 1568 16 , , , 39142 1568 17 cyclones cyclone NNS 39142 1568 18 , , , 39142 1568 19 crops crop NNS 39142 1568 20 , , , 39142 1568 21 and and CC 39142 1568 22 consequent consequent JJ 39142 1568 23 financial financial JJ 39142 1568 24 conditions condition NNS 39142 1568 25 , , , 39142 1568 26 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1568 27 find find VBP 39142 1568 28 fully fully RB 39142 1568 29 as as RB 39142 1568 30 much much JJ 39142 1568 31 evidence evidence NN 39142 1568 32 against against IN 39142 1568 33 solar solar JJ 39142 1568 34 influence influence NN 39142 1568 35 as as IN 39142 1568 36 for for IN 39142 1568 37 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1568 38 . . . 39142 1569 1 The the DT 39142 1569 2 slight slight JJ 39142 1569 3 variations variation NNS 39142 1569 4 of of IN 39142 1569 5 the the DT 39142 1569 6 sun sun NN 39142 1569 7 's 's POS 39142 1569 8 light light NN 39142 1569 9 and and CC 39142 1569 10 heat heat NN 39142 1569 11 due due IN 39142 1569 12 to to IN 39142 1569 13 the the DT 39142 1569 14 presence presence NN 39142 1569 15 or or CC 39142 1569 16 absence absence NN 39142 1569 17 of of IN 39142 1569 18 sun sun NN 39142 1569 19 spots spot NNS 39142 1569 20 can can MD 39142 1569 21 scarcely scarcely RB 39142 1569 22 be be VB 39142 1569 23 sensible sensible JJ 39142 1569 24 , , , 39142 1569 25 and and CC 39142 1569 26 much much RB 39142 1569 27 longer long JJR 39142 1569 28 periods period NNS 39142 1569 29 of of IN 39142 1569 30 closer close JJR 39142 1569 31 observation observation NN 39142 1569 32 are be VBP 39142 1569 33 necessary necessary JJ 39142 1569 34 before before IN 39142 1569 35 such such JJ 39142 1569 36 questions question NNS 39142 1569 37 can can MD 39142 1569 38 be be VB 39142 1569 39 finally finally RB 39142 1569 40 decided decide VBN 39142 1569 41 . . . 39142 1570 1 The the DT 39142 1570 2 slighter slighter NN 39142 1570 3 such such JJ 39142 1570 4 influences influence NNS 39142 1570 5 are be VBP 39142 1570 6 , , , 39142 1570 7 if if IN 39142 1570 8 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1570 9 actually actually RB 39142 1570 10 exist exist VBP 39142 1570 11 , , , 39142 1570 12 and and CC 39142 1570 13 the the DT 39142 1570 14 more more RBR 39142 1570 15 veiled veiled JJ 39142 1570 16 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1570 17 are be VBP 39142 1570 18 by by IN 39142 1570 19 other other JJ 39142 1570 20 influences influence NNS 39142 1570 21 more more RBR 39142 1570 22 or or CC 39142 1570 23 less less RBR 39142 1570 24 powerful powerful JJ 39142 1570 25 , , , 39142 1570 26 the the DT 39142 1570 27 more more RBR 39142 1570 28 difficult difficult JJ 39142 1570 29 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1570 30 is be VBZ 39142 1570 31 to to TO 39142 1570 32 discover discover VB 39142 1570 33 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1570 34 effects effect NNS 39142 1570 35 with with IN 39142 1570 36 certainty certainty NN 39142 1570 37 . . . 39142 1571 1 The the DT 39142 1571 2 importance importance NN 39142 1571 3 of of IN 39142 1571 4 solar solar JJ 39142 1571 5 radiation radiation NN 39142 1571 6 in in IN 39142 1571 7 the the DT 39142 1571 8 prediction prediction NN 39142 1571 9 of of IN 39142 1571 10 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 39142 1571 11 weather weather NN 39142 1571 12 has have VBZ 39142 1571 13 long long RB 39142 1571 14 been be VBN 39142 1571 15 recognized recognize VBN 39142 1571 16 , , , 39142 1571 17 but but CC 39142 1571 18 until until IN 39142 1571 19 very very RB 39142 1571 20 recently recently RB 39142 1571 21 no no DT 39142 1571 22 practical practical JJ 39142 1571 23 application application NN 39142 1571 24 has have VBZ 39142 1571 25 been be VBN 39142 1571 26 made make VBN 39142 1571 27 . . . 39142 1572 1 The the DT 39142 1572 2 Smithsonian Smithsonian NNP 39142 1572 3 Astrophysical Astrophysical NNP 39142 1572 4 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1572 5 at at IN 39142 1572 6 Washington Washington NNP 39142 1572 7 , , , 39142 1572 8 under under IN 39142 1572 9 the the DT 39142 1572 10 direction direction NN 39142 1572 11 of of IN 39142 1572 12 Dr. Dr. NNP 39142 1572 13 Abbot Abbot NNP 39142 1572 14 , , , 39142 1572 15 has have VBZ 39142 1572 16 for for IN 39142 1572 17 many many JJ 39142 1572 18 years year NNS 39142 1572 19 carried carry VBN 39142 1572 20 on on RP 39142 1572 21 at at IN 39142 1572 22 a a DT 39142 1572 23 number number NN 39142 1572 24 of of IN 39142 1572 25 stations station NNS 39142 1572 26 a a DT 39142 1572 27 series series NN 39142 1572 28 of of IN 39142 1572 29 determinations determination NNS 39142 1572 30 of of IN 39142 1572 31 the the DT 39142 1572 32 constant constant NN 39142 1572 33 of of IN 39142 1572 34 solar solar JJ 39142 1572 35 radiation radiation NN 39142 1572 36 by by IN 39142 1572 37 the the DT 39142 1572 38 spectro spectro JJ 39142 1572 39 - - HYPH 39142 1572 40 bolometric bolometric JJ 39142 1572 41 method method NN 39142 1572 42 originated originate VBN 39142 1572 43 by by IN 39142 1572 44 Langley Langley NNP 39142 1572 45 . . . 39142 1573 1 A a DT 39142 1573 2 new new JJ 39142 1573 3 station station NN 39142 1573 4 in in IN 39142 1573 5 Calama Calama NNP 39142 1573 6 , , , 39142 1573 7 Chile Chile NNP 39142 1573 8 , , , 39142 1573 9 has have VBZ 39142 1573 10 recently recently RB 39142 1573 11 been be VBN 39142 1573 12 inaugurated inaugurate VBN 39142 1573 13 , , , 39142 1573 14 at at IN 39142 1573 15 which which WDT 39142 1573 16 the the DT 39142 1573 17 solar solar JJ 39142 1573 18 constant constant NN 39142 1573 19 is be VBZ 39142 1573 20 worked work VBN 39142 1573 21 out out RP 39142 1573 22 each each DT 39142 1573 23 day day NN 39142 1573 24 , , , 39142 1573 25 and and CC 39142 1573 26 telegraphed telegraph VBD 39142 1573 27 to to IN 39142 1573 28 the the DT 39142 1573 29 Argentine argentine JJ 39142 1573 30 weather weather NN 39142 1573 31 service service NN 39142 1573 32 , , , 39142 1573 33 where where WRB 39142 1573 34 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1573 35 is be VBZ 39142 1573 36 employed employ VBN 39142 1573 37 in in IN 39142 1573 38 forecasting forecasting NN 39142 1573 39 for for IN 39142 1573 40 the the DT 39142 1573 41 day day NN 39142 1573 42 . . . 39142 1574 1 Abbot Abbot NNP 39142 1574 2 's 's POS 39142 1574 3 new new JJ 39142 1574 4 method method NN 39142 1574 5 of of IN 39142 1574 6 solar solar JJ 39142 1574 7 constant constant JJ 39142 1574 8 determination determination NN 39142 1574 9 is be VBZ 39142 1574 10 based base VBN 39142 1574 11 on on IN 39142 1574 12 the the DT 39142 1574 13 fact fact NN 39142 1574 14 that that IN 39142 1574 15 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 39142 1574 16 transparency transparency NN 39142 1574 17 varies vary VBZ 39142 1574 18 oppositely oppositely RB 39142 1574 19 to to IN 39142 1574 20 the the DT 39142 1574 21 variations variation NNS 39142 1574 22 of of IN 39142 1574 23 brightness brightness NN 39142 1574 24 of of IN 39142 1574 25 the the DT 39142 1574 26 sky sky NN 39142 1574 27 . . . 39142 1575 1 Increase increase NN 39142 1575 2 of of IN 39142 1575 3 haziness haziness JJ 39142 1575 4 presents present NNS 39142 1575 5 more more RBR 39142 1575 6 reflecting reflect VBG 39142 1575 7 surface surface NN 39142 1575 8 to to TO 39142 1575 9 scatter scatter VB 39142 1575 10 the the DT 39142 1575 11 solar solar JJ 39142 1575 12 rays ray NNS 39142 1575 13 indirectly indirectly RB 39142 1575 14 to to IN 39142 1575 15 the the DT 39142 1575 16 earth earth NN 39142 1575 17 . . . 39142 1576 1 Of of RB 39142 1576 2 course course RB 39142 1576 3 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1576 4 presents present VBZ 39142 1576 5 also also RB 39142 1576 6 additional additional JJ 39142 1576 7 surface surface NN 39142 1576 8 to to TO 39142 1576 9 obstruct obstruct VB 39142 1576 10 the the DT 39142 1576 11 direct direct JJ 39142 1576 12 rays ray NNS 39142 1576 13 from from IN 39142 1576 14 the the DT 39142 1576 15 sun sun NN 39142 1576 16 . . . 39142 1577 1 By by IN 39142 1577 2 measuring measure VBG 39142 1577 3 the the DT 39142 1577 4 brightness brightness NN 39142 1577 5 of of IN 39142 1577 6 the the DT 39142 1577 7 sky sky NN 39142 1577 8 near near IN 39142 1577 9 the the DT 39142 1577 10 sun sun NN 39142 1577 11 , , , 39142 1577 12 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1577 13 becomes become VBZ 39142 1577 14 possible possible JJ 39142 1577 15 to to TO 39142 1577 16 infer infer VB 39142 1577 17 the the DT 39142 1577 18 coefficients coefficient NNS 39142 1577 19 of of IN 39142 1577 20 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 39142 1577 21 transmission transmission NN 39142 1577 22 at at IN 39142 1577 23 all all DT 39142 1577 24 wave wave NN 39142 1577 25 lengths length NNS 39142 1577 26 . . . 39142 1578 1 The the DT 39142 1578 2 direct direct JJ 39142 1578 3 observations observation NNS 39142 1578 4 and and CC 39142 1578 5 the the DT 39142 1578 6 complete complete JJ 39142 1578 7 deduction deduction NN 39142 1578 8 of of IN 39142 1578 9 the the DT 39142 1578 10 solar solar JJ 39142 1578 11 constant constant NN 39142 1578 12 for for IN 39142 1578 13 the the DT 39142 1578 14 day day NN 39142 1578 15 can can MD 39142 1578 16 all all DT 39142 1578 17 be be VB 39142 1578 18 completed complete VBN 39142 1578 19 within within IN 39142 1578 20 two two CD 39142 1578 21 or or CC 39142 1578 22 three three CD 39142 1578 23 hours hour NNS 39142 1578 24 . . . 39142 1579 1 Clayton Clayton NNP 39142 1579 2 of of IN 39142 1579 3 Buenos Buenos NNP 39142 1579 4 Aires Aires NNP 39142 1579 5 has have VBZ 39142 1579 6 now now RB 39142 1579 7 employed employ VBN 39142 1579 8 these these DT 39142 1579 9 results result NNS 39142 1579 10 in in IN 39142 1579 11 the the DT 39142 1579 12 Argentine argentine JJ 39142 1579 13 weather weather NN 39142 1579 14 predictions prediction NNS 39142 1579 15 for for IN 39142 1579 16 two two CD 39142 1579 17 years year NNS 39142 1579 18 , , , 39142 1579 19 and and CC 39142 1579 20 the the DT 39142 1579 21 introduction introduction NN 39142 1579 22 of of IN 39142 1579 23 this this DT 39142 1579 24 new new JJ 39142 1579 25 element element NN 39142 1579 26 in in IN 39142 1579 27 forecasting forecasting NN 39142 1579 28 has have VBZ 39142 1579 29 brought bring VBN 39142 1579 30 about about RP 39142 1579 31 a a DT 39142 1579 32 pronounced pronounced JJ 39142 1579 33 gain gain NN 39142 1579 34 in in IN 39142 1579 35 the the DT 39142 1579 36 value value NN 39142 1579 37 of of IN 39142 1579 38 the the DT 39142 1579 39 predictions prediction NNS 39142 1579 40 . . . 39142 1580 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1580 2 adoption adoption NN 39142 1580 3 by by IN 39142 1580 4 the the DT 39142 1580 5 weather weather NN 39142 1580 6 bureaus bureaus NN 39142 1580 7 of of IN 39142 1580 8 other other JJ 39142 1580 9 nations nation NNS 39142 1580 10 will will MD 39142 1580 11 doubtless doubtless RB 39142 1580 12 come come VB 39142 1580 13 in in IN 39142 1580 14 due due JJ 39142 1580 15 time time NN 39142 1580 16 , , , 39142 1580 17 and and CC 39142 1580 18 the the DT 39142 1580 19 new new JJ 39142 1580 20 method method NN 39142 1580 21 take take VB 39142 1580 22 a a DT 39142 1580 23 firmly firmly RB 39142 1580 24 established establish VBN 39142 1580 25 rank rank NN 39142 1580 26 in in IN 39142 1580 27 practical practical JJ 39142 1580 28 meteorology meteorology NN 39142 1580 29 . . . 39142 1581 1 Abbot Abbot NNP 39142 1581 2 's 's POS 39142 1581 3 observations observation NNS 39142 1581 4 many many JJ 39142 1581 5 years year NNS 39142 1581 6 ago ago IN 39142 1581 7 first first RB 39142 1581 8 called call VBD 39142 1581 9 attention attention NN 39142 1581 10 to to IN 39142 1581 11 the the DT 39142 1581 12 variability variability NN 39142 1581 13 of of IN 39142 1581 14 the the DT 39142 1581 15 solar solar JJ 39142 1581 16 constant constant NN 39142 1581 17 through through IN 39142 1581 18 a a DT 39142 1581 19 range range NN 39142 1581 20 of of IN 39142 1581 21 several several JJ 39142 1581 22 per per IN 39142 1581 23 cent cent NN 39142 1581 24 both both CC 39142 1581 25 from from IN 39142 1581 26 year year NN 39142 1581 27 to to IN 39142 1581 28 year year NN 39142 1581 29 , , , 39142 1581 30 and and CC 39142 1581 31 in in IN 39142 1581 32 irregular irregular JJ 39142 1581 33 short short JJ 39142 1581 34 periods period NNS 39142 1581 35 of of IN 39142 1581 36 weeks week NNS 39142 1581 37 or or CC 39142 1581 38 even even RB 39142 1581 39 days day NNS 39142 1581 40 . . . 39142 1582 1 Abbot Abbot NNP 39142 1582 2 considers consider VBZ 39142 1582 3 this this DT 39142 1582 4 the the DT 39142 1582 5 more more RBR 39142 1582 6 likely likely JJ 39142 1582 7 explanation explanation NN 39142 1582 8 than than IN 39142 1582 9 that that DT 39142 1582 10 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 39142 1582 11 changes change NNS 39142 1582 12 should should MD 39142 1582 13 take take VB 39142 1582 14 place place NN 39142 1582 15 simultaneously simultaneously RB 39142 1582 16 all all RB 39142 1582 17 over over IN 39142 1582 18 the the DT 39142 1582 19 earth earth NN 39142 1582 20 . . . 39142 1583 1 The the DT 39142 1583 2 sun sun NN 39142 1583 3 is be VBZ 39142 1583 4 but but CC 39142 1583 5 a a DT 39142 1583 6 star star NN 39142 1583 7 , , , 39142 1583 8 the the DT 39142 1583 9 stars star NNS 39142 1583 10 that that WDT 39142 1583 11 are be VBP 39142 1583 12 irregularly irregularly RB 39142 1583 13 variable variable JJ 39142 1583 14 in in IN 39142 1583 15 light light NN 39142 1583 16 and and CC 39142 1583 17 heat heat NN 39142 1583 18 are be VBP 39142 1583 19 numerous numerous JJ 39142 1583 20 , , , 39142 1583 21 and and CC 39142 1583 22 the the DT 39142 1583 23 sun sun NN 39142 1583 24 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 1583 25 appears appear VBZ 39142 1583 26 to to TO 39142 1583 27 be be VB 39142 1583 28 one one CD 39142 1583 29 of of IN 39142 1583 30 these these DT 39142 1583 31 . . . 39142 1584 1 Especially especially RB 39142 1584 2 important important JJ 39142 1584 3 to to IN 39142 1584 4 the the DT 39142 1584 5 agricultural agricultural JJ 39142 1584 6 and and CC 39142 1584 7 vineyard vineyard NN 39142 1584 8 interests interest NNS 39142 1584 9 of of IN 39142 1584 10 Argentina Argentina NNP 39142 1584 11 is be VBZ 39142 1584 12 the the DT 39142 1584 13 question question NN 39142 1584 14 of of IN 39142 1584 15 precipitation precipitation NN 39142 1584 16 , , , 39142 1584 17 and and CC 39142 1584 18 Clayton Clayton NNP 39142 1584 19 finds find VBZ 39142 1584 20 this this DT 39142 1584 21 very very RB 39142 1584 22 dependent dependent JJ 39142 1584 23 on on IN 39142 1584 24 solar solar JJ 39142 1584 25 radiation radiation NN 39142 1584 26 . . . 39142 1585 1 At at IN 39142 1585 2 epochs epoch NNS 39142 1585 3 of of IN 39142 1585 4 practically practically RB 39142 1585 5 stationary stationary JJ 39142 1585 6 solar solar JJ 39142 1585 7 intensity intensity NN 39142 1585 8 , , , 39142 1585 9 there there EX 39142 1585 10 is be VBZ 39142 1585 11 little little JJ 39142 1585 12 or or CC 39142 1585 13 no no DT 39142 1585 14 precipitation precipitation NN 39142 1585 15 ; ; : 39142 1585 16 but but CC 39142 1585 17 quite quite RB 39142 1585 18 generally generally RB 39142 1585 19 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1585 20 finds find VBZ 39142 1585 21 that that DT 39142 1585 22 great great JJ 39142 1585 23 decrease decrease NN 39142 1585 24 of of IN 39142 1585 25 solar solar JJ 39142 1585 26 radiation radiation NN 39142 1585 27 is be VBZ 39142 1585 28 followed follow VBN 39142 1585 29 in in RP 39142 1585 30 from from IN 39142 1585 31 three three CD 39142 1585 32 to to TO 39142 1585 33 five five CD 39142 1585 34 days day NNS 39142 1585 35 by by IN 39142 1585 36 heavy heavy JJ 39142 1585 37 precipitation precipitation NN 39142 1585 38 . . . 39142 1586 1 Direct direct JJ 39142 1586 2 temperature temperature NN 39142 1586 3 effects effect NNS 39142 1586 4 are be VBP 39142 1586 5 also also RB 39142 1586 6 traced trace VBN 39142 1586 7 in in IN 39142 1586 8 Buenos Buenos NNP 39142 1586 9 Aires Aires NNP 39142 1586 10 and and CC 39142 1586 11 other other JJ 39142 1586 12 South south JJ 39142 1586 13 American american JJ 39142 1586 14 cities city NNS 39142 1586 15 , , , 39142 1586 16 lagging lag VBG 39142 1586 17 from from IN 39142 1586 18 two two CD 39142 1586 19 to to TO 39142 1586 20 three three CD 39142 1586 21 days day NNS 39142 1586 22 behind behind IN 39142 1586 23 the the DT 39142 1586 24 observed observed JJ 39142 1586 25 solar solar JJ 39142 1586 26 fluctuations fluctuation NNS 39142 1586 27 . . . 39142 1587 1 The the DT 39142 1587 2 station station NN 39142 1587 3 at at IN 39142 1587 4 Calama Calama NNP 39142 1587 5 yields yield NNS 39142 1587 6 about about IN 39142 1587 7 250 250 CD 39142 1587 8 determinations determination NNS 39142 1587 9 of of IN 39142 1587 10 the the DT 39142 1587 11 solar solar JJ 39142 1587 12 constant constant NN 39142 1587 13 each each DT 39142 1587 14 year year NN 39142 1587 15 , , , 39142 1587 16 and and CC 39142 1587 17 the the DT 39142 1587 18 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1587 19 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 1587 20 station station NN 39142 1587 21 about about IN 39142 1587 22 half half PDT 39142 1587 23 that that DT 39142 1587 24 number number NN 39142 1587 25 . . . 39142 1588 1 They -PRON- PRP 39142 1588 2 are be VBP 39142 1588 3 the the DT 39142 1588 4 only only JJ 39142 1588 5 stations station NNS 39142 1588 6 of of IN 39142 1588 7 this this DT 39142 1588 8 character character NN 39142 1588 9 at at IN 39142 1588 10 present present NN 39142 1588 11 in in IN 39142 1588 12 existence existence NN 39142 1588 13 , , , 39142 1588 14 and and CC 39142 1588 15 others other NNS 39142 1588 16 should should MD 39142 1588 17 be be VB 39142 1588 18 established establish VBN 39142 1588 19 in in IN 39142 1588 20 widely widely RB 39142 1588 21 separated separated JJ 39142 1588 22 and and CC 39142 1588 23 cloudless cloudless JJ 39142 1588 24 regions region NNS 39142 1588 25 , , , 39142 1588 26 as as IN 39142 1588 27 Egypt Egypt NNP 39142 1588 28 , , , 39142 1588 29 southern southern JJ 39142 1588 30 California California NNP 39142 1588 31 and and CC 39142 1588 32 Australia Australia NNP 39142 1588 33 . . . 39142 1589 1 Uniformity uniformity NN 39142 1589 2 in in IN 39142 1589 3 the the DT 39142 1589 4 methods method NNS 39142 1589 5 of of IN 39142 1589 6 observing observing NN 39142 1589 7 would would MD 39142 1589 8 be be VB 39142 1589 9 highly highly RB 39142 1589 10 desirable desirable JJ 39142 1589 11 , , , 39142 1589 12 and and CC 39142 1589 13 the the DT 39142 1589 14 Smithsonian Smithsonian NNP 39142 1589 15 Institution Institution NNP 39142 1589 16 has have VBZ 39142 1589 17 perfected perfect VBN 39142 1589 18 the the DT 39142 1589 19 details detail NNS 39142 1589 20 of of IN 39142 1589 21 common common JJ 39142 1589 22 control control NN 39142 1589 23 of of IN 39142 1589 24 such such JJ 39142 1589 25 stations station NNS 39142 1589 26 which which WDT 39142 1589 27 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1589 28 is be VBZ 39142 1589 29 expected expect VBN 39142 1589 30 may may MD 39142 1589 31 be be VB 39142 1589 32 established establish VBN 39142 1589 33 at at IN 39142 1589 34 an an DT 39142 1589 35 early early JJ 39142 1589 36 day day NN 39142 1589 37 . . . 39142 1590 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 1590 2 XXVII XXVII NNP 39142 1590 3 THE the DT 39142 1590 4 INNER inner JJ 39142 1590 5 PLANETS PLANETS NNP 39142 1590 6 VULCAN vulcan NN 39142 1590 7 About about IN 39142 1590 8 the the DT 39142 1590 9 middle middle NN 39142 1590 10 of of IN 39142 1590 11 the the DT 39142 1590 12 last last JJ 39142 1590 13 century century NN 39142 1590 14 , , , 39142 1590 15 Le Le NNP 39142 1590 16 Verrier Verrier NNP 39142 1590 17 , , , 39142 1590 18 a a DT 39142 1590 19 great great JJ 39142 1590 20 French french JJ 39142 1590 21 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 1590 22 , , , 39142 1590 23 having have VBG 39142 1590 24 added add VBN 39142 1590 25 the the DT 39142 1590 26 planet planet NN 39142 1590 27 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 1590 28 beyond beyond IN 39142 1590 29 the the DT 39142 1590 30 outside outside JJ 39142 1590 31 confines confine NNS 39142 1590 32 of of IN 39142 1590 33 the the DT 39142 1590 34 solar solar JJ 39142 1590 35 system system NN 39142 1590 36 , , , 39142 1590 37 sought seek VBD 39142 1590 38 evidence evidence NN 39142 1590 39 of of IN 39142 1590 40 a a DT 39142 1590 41 lesser less JJR 39142 1590 42 planet planet NN 39142 1590 43 traveling travel VBG 39142 1590 44 round round IN 39142 1590 45 the the DT 39142 1590 46 sun sun NN 39142 1590 47 within within IN 39142 1590 48 the the DT 39142 1590 49 orbit orbit NN 39142 1590 50 of of IN 39142 1590 51 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 1590 52 . . . 39142 1591 1 For for IN 39142 1591 2 many many JJ 39142 1591 3 years year NNS 39142 1591 4 close close JJ 39142 1591 5 watch watch NN 39142 1591 6 was be VBD 39142 1591 7 kept keep VBN 39142 1591 8 on on IN 39142 1591 9 the the DT 39142 1591 10 sun sun NN 39142 1591 11 in in IN 39142 1591 12 the the DT 39142 1591 13 hope hope NN 39142 1591 14 of of IN 39142 1591 15 discovering discover VBG 39142 1591 16 such such PDT 39142 1591 17 a a DT 39142 1591 18 body body NN 39142 1591 19 in in IN 39142 1591 20 the the DT 39142 1591 21 act act NN 39142 1591 22 of of IN 39142 1591 23 passing pass VBG 39142 1591 24 across across IN 39142 1591 25 the the DT 39142 1591 26 disk disk NN 39142 1591 27 , , , 39142 1591 28 or or CC 39142 1591 29 in in IN 39142 1591 30 transit transit NN 39142 1591 31 , , , 39142 1591 32 as as IN 39142 1591 33 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1591 34 is be VBZ 39142 1591 35 technically technically RB 39142 1591 36 termed term VBN 39142 1591 37 . . . 39142 1592 1 Lescarbault Lescarbault NNP 39142 1592 2 , , , 39142 1592 3 a a DT 39142 1592 4 French french JJ 39142 1592 5 physician physician NN 39142 1592 6 , , , 39142 1592 7 announced announce VBD 39142 1592 8 that that IN 39142 1592 9 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1592 10 had have VBD 39142 1592 11 actually actually RB 39142 1592 12 seen see VBN 39142 1592 13 such such PDT 39142 1592 14 a a DT 39142 1592 15 planet planet NN 39142 1592 16 , , , 39142 1592 17 Vulcan Vulcan NNP 39142 1592 18 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1592 19 was be VBD 39142 1592 20 called call VBN 39142 1592 21 , , , 39142 1592 22 passing pass VBG 39142 1592 23 over over IN 39142 1592 24 the the DT 39142 1592 25 sun sun NN 39142 1592 26 in in IN 39142 1592 27 1859 1859 CD 39142 1592 28 . . . 39142 1593 1 Total total JJ 39142 1593 2 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1593 3 of of IN 39142 1593 4 the the DT 39142 1593 5 sun sun NN 39142 1593 6 would would MD 39142 1593 7 afford afford VB 39142 1593 8 the the DT 39142 1593 9 best good JJS 39142 1593 10 opportunity opportunity NN 39142 1593 11 for for IN 39142 1593 12 seeing see VBG 39142 1593 13 such such PDT 39142 1593 14 a a DT 39142 1593 15 body body NN 39142 1593 16 , , , 39142 1593 17 and and CC 39142 1593 18 on on IN 39142 1593 19 several several JJ 39142 1593 20 such such JJ 39142 1593 21 occasions occasion NNS 39142 1593 22 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1593 23 thought think VBD 39142 1593 24 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1593 25 had have VBD 39142 1593 26 found find VBN 39142 1593 27 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1593 28 . . . 39142 1594 1 But but CC 39142 1594 2 the the DT 39142 1594 3 signal signal JJ 39142 1594 4 advantages advantage NNS 39142 1594 5 of of IN 39142 1594 6 photography photography NN 39142 1594 7 have have VBP 39142 1594 8 been be VBN 39142 1594 9 applied apply VBN 39142 1594 10 so so RB 39142 1594 11 often often RB 39142 1594 12 to to IN 39142 1594 13 this this DT 39142 1594 14 search search NN 39142 1594 15 , , , 39142 1594 16 and and CC 39142 1594 17 always always RB 39142 1594 18 unsuccessfully unsuccessfully RB 39142 1594 19 , , , 39142 1594 20 that that IN 39142 1594 21 the the DT 39142 1594 22 existence existence NN 39142 1594 23 of of IN 39142 1594 24 Vulcan Vulcan NNP 39142 1594 25 , , , 39142 1594 26 or or CC 39142 1594 27 the the DT 39142 1594 28 intramercurian intramercurian JJ 39142 1594 29 planet planet NN 39142 1594 30 , , , 39142 1594 31 is be VBZ 39142 1594 32 now now RB 39142 1594 33 regarded regard VBN 39142 1594 34 as as IN 39142 1594 35 mythical mythical JJ 39142 1594 36 . . . 39142 1595 1 MERCURY MERCURY NNP 39142 1595 2 This this DT 39142 1595 3 planet planet NN 39142 1595 4 is be VBZ 39142 1595 5 an an DT 39142 1595 6 elusive elusive JJ 39142 1595 7 body body NN 39142 1595 8 that that WDT 39142 1595 9 very very RB 39142 1595 10 few few JJ 39142 1595 11 , , , 39142 1595 12 even even RB 39142 1595 13 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1595 14 , , , 39142 1595 15 have have VBP 39142 1595 16 ever ever RB 39142 1595 17 seen see VBN 39142 1595 18 . . . 39142 1596 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1596 2 is be VBZ 39142 1596 3 not not RB 39142 1596 4 very very RB 39142 1596 5 bright bright JJ 39142 1596 6 , , , 39142 1596 7 has have VBZ 39142 1596 8 a a DT 39142 1596 9 rapid rapid JJ 39142 1596 10 motion motion NN 39142 1596 11 and and CC 39142 1596 12 never never RB 39142 1596 13 retreats retreat VBZ 39142 1596 14 far far RB 39142 1596 15 from from IN 39142 1596 16 the the DT 39142 1596 17 sun sun NN 39142 1596 18 , , , 39142 1596 19 so so IN 39142 1596 20 that that IN 39142 1596 21 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1596 22 was be VBD 39142 1596 23 a a DT 39142 1596 24 puzzle puzzle NN 39142 1596 25 to to IN 39142 1596 26 the the DT 39142 1596 27 ancients ancient NNS 39142 1596 28 who who WP 39142 1596 29 saw see VBD 39142 1596 30 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1596 31 , , , 39142 1596 32 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 1596 33 in in IN 39142 1596 34 the the DT 39142 1596 35 twilight twilight NN 39142 1596 36 after after IN 39142 1596 37 sunset sunset NN 39142 1596 38 and and CC 39142 1596 39 again again RB 39142 1596 40 in in IN 39142 1596 41 the the DT 39142 1596 42 twilight twilight NN 39142 1596 43 of of IN 39142 1596 44 dawn dawn NN 39142 1596 45 . . . 39142 1597 1 When when WRB 39142 1597 2 following follow VBG 39142 1597 3 the the DT 39142 1597 4 sun sun NN 39142 1597 5 down down RP 39142 1597 6 in in IN 39142 1597 7 the the DT 39142 1597 8 west west NN 39142 1597 9 , , , 39142 1597 10 in in IN 39142 1597 11 March March NNP 39142 1597 12 or or CC 39142 1597 13 April April NNP 39142 1597 14 , , , 39142 1597 15 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 1597 16 is be VBZ 39142 1597 17 likely likely JJ 39142 1597 18 to to TO 39142 1597 19 be be VB 39142 1597 20 best well RBS 39142 1597 21 seen see VBN 39142 1597 22 ; ; : 39142 1597 23 twinkling twinkle VBG 39142 1597 24 rather rather RB 39142 1597 25 violently violently RB 39142 1597 26 and and CC 39142 1597 27 nearly nearly RB 39142 1597 28 as as RB 39142 1597 29 bright bright JJ 39142 1597 30 as as IN 39142 1597 31 a a DT 39142 1597 32 star star NN 39142 1597 33 of of IN 39142 1597 34 the the DT 39142 1597 35 first first JJ 39142 1597 36 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 1597 37 . . . 39142 1598 1 Very very RB 39142 1598 2 little little JJ 39142 1598 3 is be VBZ 39142 1598 4 to to TO 39142 1598 5 be be VB 39142 1598 6 seen see VBN 39142 1598 7 on on IN 39142 1598 8 the the DT 39142 1598 9 minute minute NN 39142 1598 10 disk disk NN 39142 1598 11 of of IN 39142 1598 12 this this DT 39142 1598 13 planet planet NN 39142 1598 14 , , , 39142 1598 15 except except IN 39142 1598 16 that that IN 39142 1598 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1598 18 goes go VBZ 39142 1598 19 through through IN 39142 1598 20 all all PDT 39142 1598 21 the the DT 39142 1598 22 phases phase NNS 39142 1598 23 of of IN 39142 1598 24 the the DT 39142 1598 25 moon moon NN 39142 1598 26 -- -- : 39142 1598 27 crescent crescent JJ 39142 1598 28 , , , 39142 1598 29 gibbous gibbous JJ 39142 1598 30 , , , 39142 1598 31 full full JJ 39142 1598 32 , , , 39142 1598 33 gibbous gibbous JJ 39142 1598 34 , , , 39142 1598 35 crescent crescent JJ 39142 1598 36 . . . 39142 1599 1 Whether whether IN 39142 1599 2 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 1599 3 turns turn VBZ 39142 1599 4 round round JJ 39142 1599 5 on on IN 39142 1599 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1599 7 axis axi NNS 39142 1599 8 or or CC 39142 1599 9 not not RB 39142 1599 10 , , , 39142 1599 11 can can MD 39142 1599 12 not not RB 39142 1599 13 be be VB 39142 1599 14 said say VBN 39142 1599 15 to to TO 39142 1599 16 be be VB 39142 1599 17 known know VBN 39142 1599 18 , , , 39142 1599 19 because because IN 39142 1599 20 the the DT 39142 1599 21 markings marking NNS 39142 1599 22 that that WDT 39142 1599 23 are be VBP 39142 1599 24 suspected suspect VBN 39142 1599 25 on on IN 39142 1599 26 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1599 27 surface surface NN 39142 1599 28 are be VBP 39142 1599 29 too too RB 39142 1599 30 indefinite indefinite JJ 39142 1599 31 to to TO 39142 1599 32 permit permit VB 39142 1599 33 exact exact JJ 39142 1599 34 observation observation NN 39142 1599 35 . . . 39142 1600 1 More More JJR 39142 1600 2 than than IN 39142 1600 3 likely likely RB 39142 1600 4 the the DT 39142 1600 5 planet planet NN 39142 1600 6 presents present VBZ 39142 1600 7 always always RB 39142 1600 8 the the DT 39142 1600 9 same same JJ 39142 1600 10 side side NN 39142 1600 11 or or CC 39142 1600 12 face face NN 39142 1600 13 to to IN 39142 1600 14 the the DT 39142 1600 15 sun sun NN 39142 1600 16 , , , 39142 1600 17 so so IN 39142 1600 18 that that IN 39142 1600 19 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1600 20 turns turn VBZ 39142 1600 21 round round JJ 39142 1600 22 on on IN 39142 1600 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1600 24 axis axi NNS 39142 1600 25 once once RB 39142 1600 26 , , , 39142 1600 27 while while IN 39142 1600 28 traveling travel VBG 39142 1600 29 once once RB 39142 1600 30 around around IN 39142 1600 31 the the DT 39142 1600 32 sun sun NN 39142 1600 33 in in IN 39142 1600 34 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1600 35 orbit orbit NN 39142 1600 36 . . . 39142 1601 1 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 1601 2 's 's POS 39142 1601 3 day day NN 39142 1601 4 and and CC 39142 1601 5 year year NN 39142 1601 6 would would MD 39142 1601 7 therefore therefore RB 39142 1601 8 be be VB 39142 1601 9 equal equal JJ 39142 1601 10 in in IN 39142 1601 11 length length NN 39142 1601 12 . . . 39142 1602 1 Nor nor CC 39142 1602 2 have have VBP 39142 1602 3 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1602 4 much much JJ 39142 1602 5 evidence evidence NN 39142 1602 6 on on IN 39142 1602 7 the the DT 39142 1602 8 question question NN 39142 1602 9 of of IN 39142 1602 10 an an DT 39142 1602 11 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1602 12 surrounding surround VBG 39142 1602 13 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 1602 14 ; ; : 39142 1602 15 probably probably RB 39142 1602 16 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1602 17 is be VBZ 39142 1602 18 very very RB 39142 1602 19 thin thin JJ 39142 1602 20 , , , 39142 1602 21 if if IN 39142 1602 22 indeed indeed RB 39142 1602 23 there there EX 39142 1602 24 is be VBZ 39142 1602 25 any any DT 39142 1602 26 at at RB 39142 1602 27 all all RB 39142 1602 28 . . . 39142 1603 1 When when WRB 39142 1603 2 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 1603 3 comes come VBZ 39142 1603 4 directly directly RB 39142 1603 5 between between IN 39142 1603 6 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1603 7 and and CC 39142 1603 8 the the DT 39142 1603 9 sun sun NN 39142 1603 10 , , , 39142 1603 11 crossing cross VBG 39142 1603 12 in in IN 39142 1603 13 transit transit NN 39142 1603 14 , , , 39142 1603 15 the the DT 39142 1603 16 edge edge NN 39142 1603 17 of of IN 39142 1603 18 the the DT 39142 1603 19 planet planet NN 39142 1603 20 as as IN 39142 1603 21 projected project VBN 39142 1603 22 against against IN 39142 1603 23 the the DT 39142 1603 24 sun sun NN 39142 1603 25 is be VBZ 39142 1603 26 very very RB 39142 1603 27 sharply sharply RB 39142 1603 28 defined define VBN 39142 1603 29 , , , 39142 1603 30 and and CC 39142 1603 31 this this DT 39142 1603 32 would would MD 39142 1603 33 indicate indicate VB 39142 1603 34 an an DT 39142 1603 35 absence absence NN 39142 1603 36 of of IN 39142 1603 37 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1603 38 on on IN 39142 1603 39 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 1603 40 . . . 39142 1604 1 Transits Transits NNP 39142 1604 2 of of IN 39142 1604 3 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 1604 4 can can MD 39142 1604 5 occur occur VB 39142 1604 6 in in IN 39142 1604 7 May May NNP 39142 1604 8 and and CC 39142 1604 9 November November NNP 39142 1604 10 only only RB 39142 1604 11 : : : 39142 1604 12 there there EX 39142 1604 13 was be VBD 39142 1604 14 one one CD 39142 1604 15 on on IN 39142 1604 16 November November NNP 39142 1604 17 7 7 CD 39142 1604 18 , , , 39142 1604 19 1914 1914 CD 39142 1604 20 , , , 39142 1604 21 and and CC 39142 1604 22 there there EX 39142 1604 23 will will MD 39142 1604 24 be be VB 39142 1604 25 one one CD 39142 1604 26 on on IN 39142 1604 27 May May NNP 39142 1604 28 7 7 CD 39142 1604 29 , , , 39142 1604 30 1924 1924 CD 39142 1604 31 . . . 39142 1605 1 The the DT 39142 1605 2 latter latter NN 39142 1605 3 will will MD 39142 1605 4 be be VB 39142 1605 5 nearly nearly RB 39142 1605 6 eight eight CD 39142 1605 7 hours hour NNS 39142 1605 8 in in IN 39142 1605 9 length length NN 39142 1605 10 , , , 39142 1605 11 which which WDT 39142 1605 12 is be VBZ 39142 1605 13 almost almost RB 39142 1605 14 the the DT 39142 1605 15 limit limit NN 39142 1605 16 . . . 39142 1606 1 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 1606 2 's 's POS 39142 1606 3 distance distance NN 39142 1606 4 from from IN 39142 1606 5 the the DT 39142 1606 6 sun sun NN 39142 1606 7 averages averages NNP 39142 1606 8 36 36 CD 39142 1606 9 million million CD 39142 1606 10 miles mile NNS 39142 1606 11 , , , 39142 1606 12 the the DT 39142 1606 13 diameter diameter NN 39142 1606 14 of of IN 39142 1606 15 the the DT 39142 1606 16 planet planet NN 39142 1606 17 is be VBZ 39142 1606 18 3,000 3,000 CD 39142 1606 19 miles mile NNS 39142 1606 20 , , , 39142 1606 21 and and CC 39142 1606 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1606 23 orbital orbital JJ 39142 1606 24 speed speed NN 39142 1606 25 is be VBZ 39142 1606 26 30 30 CD 39142 1606 27 miles mile NNS 39142 1606 28 per per IN 39142 1606 29 second second NN 39142 1606 30 , , , 39142 1606 31 the the DT 39142 1606 32 swiftest swift JJS 39142 1606 33 of of IN 39142 1606 34 all all PDT 39142 1606 35 the the DT 39142 1606 36 planets planet NNS 39142 1606 37 . . . 39142 1607 1 No no DT 39142 1607 2 moon moon NN 39142 1607 3 of of IN 39142 1607 4 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 1607 5 is be VBZ 39142 1607 6 known know VBN 39142 1607 7 to to TO 39142 1607 8 exist exist VB 39142 1607 9 , , , 39142 1607 10 although although IN 39142 1607 11 many many JJ 39142 1607 12 times time NNS 39142 1607 13 diligently diligently RB 39142 1607 14 searched search VBD 39142 1607 15 for for IN 39142 1607 16 , , , 39142 1607 17 especially especially RB 39142 1607 18 during during IN 39142 1607 19 transits transit NNS 39142 1607 20 of of IN 39142 1607 21 the the DT 39142 1607 22 planet planet NN 39142 1607 23 . . . 39142 1608 1 VENUS VENUS NNP 39142 1608 2 Brightest Brightest NNP 39142 1608 3 of of IN 39142 1608 4 all all PDT 39142 1608 5 the the DT 39142 1608 6 planets planet NNS 39142 1608 7 , , , 39142 1608 8 and and CC 39142 1608 9 the the DT 39142 1608 10 most most RBS 39142 1608 11 beautiful beautiful JJ 39142 1608 12 of of IN 39142 1608 13 all all DT 39142 1608 14 is be VBZ 39142 1608 15 Venus Venus NNP 39142 1608 16 . . . 39142 1609 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1609 2 path path NN 39142 1609 3 is be VBZ 39142 1609 4 next next JJ 39142 1609 5 outside outside IN 39142 1609 6 the the DT 39142 1609 7 orbit orbit NN 39142 1609 8 of of IN 39142 1609 9 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 1609 10 , , , 39142 1609 11 but but CC 39142 1609 12 within within IN 39142 1609 13 that that DT 39142 1609 14 of of IN 39142 1609 15 the the DT 39142 1609 16 earth earth NN 39142 1609 17 , , , 39142 1609 18 so so IN 39142 1609 19 that that IN 39142 1609 20 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1609 21 partakes partake VBZ 39142 1609 22 of of IN 39142 1609 23 all all PDT 39142 1609 24 the the DT 39142 1609 25 phases phase NNS 39142 1609 26 of of IN 39142 1609 27 the the DT 39142 1609 28 moon moon NN 39142 1609 29 . . . 39142 1610 1 Like like IN 39142 1610 2 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 1610 3 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1610 4 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 1610 5 passes pass VBZ 39142 1610 6 exactly exactly RB 39142 1610 7 between between IN 39142 1610 8 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1610 9 and and CC 39142 1610 10 the the DT 39142 1610 11 sun sun NN 39142 1610 12 , , , 39142 1610 13 a a DT 39142 1610 14 rare rare JJ 39142 1610 15 phenomenon phenomenon NN 39142 1610 16 which which WDT 39142 1610 17 is be VBZ 39142 1610 18 known know VBN 39142 1610 19 as as IN 39142 1610 20 a a DT 39142 1610 21 transit transit NN 39142 1610 22 of of IN 39142 1610 23 Venus Venus NNP 39142 1610 24 . . . 39142 1611 1 Being be VBG 39142 1611 2 without without IN 39142 1611 3 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 1611 4 , , , 39142 1611 5 the the DT 39142 1611 6 ancients ancient NNS 39142 1611 7 knew know VBD 39142 1611 8 nothing nothing NN 39142 1611 9 about about IN 39142 1611 10 these these DT 39142 1611 11 occurrences occurrence NNS 39142 1611 12 , , , 39142 1611 13 but but CC 39142 1611 14 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1611 15 were be VBD 39142 1611 16 puzzled puzzle VBN 39142 1611 17 for for IN 39142 1611 18 centuries century NNS 39142 1611 19 over over IN 39142 1611 20 the the DT 39142 1611 21 appearance appearance NN 39142 1611 22 of of IN 39142 1611 23 the the DT 39142 1611 24 planet planet NN 39142 1611 25 in in IN 39142 1611 26 the the DT 39142 1611 27 west west NN 39142 1611 28 after after IN 39142 1611 29 sunset sunset NN 39142 1611 30 , , , 39142 1611 31 when when WRB 39142 1611 32 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1611 33 called call VBD 39142 1611 34 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1611 35 Hesperus Hesperus NNP 39142 1611 36 , , , 39142 1611 37 and and CC 39142 1611 38 in in IN 39142 1611 39 early early JJ 39142 1611 40 dawn dawn NN 39142 1611 41 in in IN 39142 1611 42 the the DT 39142 1611 43 east east NN 39142 1611 44 when when WRB 39142 1611 45 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1611 46 gave give VBD 39142 1611 47 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1611 48 the the DT 39142 1611 49 name name NN 39142 1611 50 Phosphorus Phosphorus NNP 39142 1611 51 . . . 39142 1612 1 Venus Venus NNP 39142 1612 2 is be VBZ 39142 1612 3 known know VBN 39142 1612 4 to to TO 39142 1612 5 be be VB 39142 1612 6 girdled girdle VBN 39142 1612 7 with with IN 39142 1612 8 an an DT 39142 1612 9 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1612 10 denser denser NN 39142 1612 11 than than IN 39142 1612 12 ours -PRON- PRP 39142 1612 13 , , , 39142 1612 14 and and CC 39142 1612 15 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1612 16 seems seem VBZ 39142 1612 17 to to TO 39142 1612 18 be be VB 39142 1612 19 always always RB 39142 1612 20 filled fill VBN 39142 1612 21 with with IN 39142 1612 22 dense dense JJ 39142 1612 23 clouds cloud NNS 39142 1612 24 . . . 39142 1613 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1613 2 is be VBZ 39142 1613 3 the the DT 39142 1613 4 reflection reflection NN 39142 1613 5 of of IN 39142 1613 6 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 1613 7 from from IN 39142 1613 8 this this DT 39142 1613 9 perpetually perpetually RB 39142 1613 10 cloudy cloudy JJ 39142 1613 11 exterior exterior NN 39142 1613 12 which which WDT 39142 1613 13 gives give VBZ 39142 1613 14 Venus Venus NNP 39142 1613 15 her -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1613 16 singular singular JJ 39142 1613 17 radiance radiance NN 39142 1613 18 . . . 39142 1614 1 So so CC 39142 1614 2 brilliant brilliant JJ 39142 1614 3 is be VBZ 39142 1614 4 she -PRON- PRP 39142 1614 5 that that IN 39142 1614 6 even even RB 39142 1614 7 full full JJ 39142 1614 8 daylight daylight NN 39142 1614 9 is be VBZ 39142 1614 10 not not RB 39142 1614 11 strong strong JJ 39142 1614 12 enough enough RB 39142 1614 13 to to TO 39142 1614 14 overpower overpower VB 39142 1614 15 her -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1614 16 rays ray NNS 39142 1614 17 ; ; : 39142 1614 18 and and CC 39142 1614 19 she -PRON- PRP 39142 1614 20 may may MD 39142 1614 21 often often RB 39142 1614 22 be be VB 39142 1614 23 seen see VBN 39142 1614 24 glistening glisten VBG 39142 1614 25 in in IN 39142 1614 26 the the DT 39142 1614 27 clear clear JJ 39142 1614 28 blue blue JJ 39142 1614 29 daytime daytime JJ 39142 1614 30 sky sky NN 39142 1614 31 , , , 39142 1614 32 if if IN 39142 1614 33 one one PRP 39142 1614 34 knows know VBZ 39142 1614 35 pretty pretty RB 39142 1614 36 nearly nearly RB 39142 1614 37 in in IN 39142 1614 38 what what WDT 39142 1614 39 direction direction NN 39142 1614 40 to to TO 39142 1614 41 look look VB 39142 1614 42 for for IN 39142 1614 43 her -PRON- PRP 39142 1614 44 . . . 39142 1615 1 Venus Venus NNP 39142 1615 2 is be VBZ 39142 1615 3 67 67 CD 39142 1615 4 million million CD 39142 1615 5 miles mile NNS 39142 1615 6 from from IN 39142 1615 7 the the DT 39142 1615 8 sun sun NN 39142 1615 9 , , , 39142 1615 10 and and CC 39142 1615 11 as as IN 39142 1615 12 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1615 13 own own JJ 39142 1615 14 distance distance NN 39142 1615 15 is be VBZ 39142 1615 16 93 93 CD 39142 1615 17 million million CD 39142 1615 18 miles mile NNS 39142 1615 19 , , , 39142 1615 20 this this DT 39142 1615 21 planet planet NN 39142 1615 22 can can MD 39142 1615 23 come come VB 39142 1615 24 within within IN 39142 1615 25 26 26 CD 39142 1615 26 million million CD 39142 1615 27 miles mile NNS 39142 1615 28 of of IN 39142 1615 29 the the DT 39142 1615 30 earth earth NN 39142 1615 31 . . . 39142 1616 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1616 2 is be VBZ 39142 1616 3 therefore therefore RB 39142 1616 4 at at IN 39142 1616 5 times time NNS 39142 1616 6 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1616 7 nearest near JJS 39142 1616 8 known know VBN 39142 1616 9 neighbor neighbor NN 39142 1616 10 in in IN 39142 1616 11 space space NN 39142 1616 12 , , , 39142 1616 13 excepting except VBG 39142 1616 14 only only RB 39142 1616 15 the the DT 39142 1616 16 Moon Moon NNP 39142 1616 17 and and CC 39142 1616 18 Eros Eros NNP 39142 1616 19 , , , 39142 1616 20 one one CD 39142 1616 21 of of IN 39142 1616 22 the the DT 39142 1616 23 erratic erratic JJ 39142 1616 24 little little JJ 39142 1616 25 planets planet NNS 39142 1616 26 that that WDT 39142 1616 27 travel travel VBP 39142 1616 28 round round IN 39142 1616 29 the the DT 39142 1616 30 sun sun NN 39142 1616 31 between between IN 39142 1616 32 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1616 33 and and CC 39142 1616 34 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 1616 35 . . . 39142 1617 1 Also also RB 39142 1617 2 possibly possibly RB 39142 1617 3 a a DT 39142 1617 4 comet comet NN 39142 1617 5 might may MD 39142 1617 6 come come VB 39142 1617 7 much much JJ 39142 1617 8 nearer nearer NN 39142 1617 9 . . . 39142 1618 1 Astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1618 2 always always RB 39142 1618 3 take take VBP 39142 1618 4 advantage advantage NN 39142 1618 5 of of IN 39142 1618 6 this this DT 39142 1618 7 nearness nearness NN 39142 1618 8 of of IN 39142 1618 9 Venus Venus NNP 39142 1618 10 to to IN 39142 1618 11 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1618 12 , , , 39142 1618 13 if if IN 39142 1618 14 a a DT 39142 1618 15 transit transit NN 39142 1618 16 across across IN 39142 1618 17 the the DT 39142 1618 18 sun sun NN 39142 1618 19 takes take VBZ 39142 1618 20 place place NN 39142 1618 21 ; ; : 39142 1618 22 because because IN 39142 1618 23 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1618 24 affords afford VBZ 39142 1618 25 an an DT 39142 1618 26 excellent excellent JJ 39142 1618 27 method method NN 39142 1618 28 of of IN 39142 1618 29 finding find VBG 39142 1618 30 out out RP 39142 1618 31 what what WP 39142 1618 32 the the DT 39142 1618 33 distance distance NN 39142 1618 34 of of IN 39142 1618 35 the the DT 39142 1618 36 sun sun NN 39142 1618 37 is be VBZ 39142 1618 38 from from IN 39142 1618 39 the the DT 39142 1618 40 Earth Earth NNP 39142 1618 41 . . . 39142 1619 1 A a DT 39142 1619 2 pair pair NN 39142 1619 3 of of IN 39142 1619 4 these these DT 39142 1619 5 transits transit NNS 39142 1619 6 happens happen VBZ 39142 1619 7 about about IN 39142 1619 8 once once RB 39142 1619 9 a a DT 39142 1619 10 century century NN 39142 1619 11 , , , 39142 1619 12 there there EX 39142 1619 13 were be VBD 39142 1619 14 transits transit NNS 39142 1619 15 in in IN 39142 1619 16 1874 1874 CD 39142 1619 17 and and CC 39142 1619 18 1882 1882 CD 39142 1619 19 , , , 39142 1619 20 and and CC 39142 1619 21 the the DT 39142 1619 22 next next JJ 39142 1619 23 pair pair NN 39142 1619 24 occur occur VBP 39142 1619 25 in in IN 39142 1619 26 2004 2004 CD 39142 1619 27 and and CC 39142 1619 28 2012 2012 CD 39142 1619 29 . . . 39142 1620 1 In in IN 39142 1620 2 actual actual JJ 39142 1620 3 size size NN 39142 1620 4 , , , 39142 1620 5 Venus Venus NNP 39142 1620 6 is be VBZ 39142 1620 7 almost almost RB 39142 1620 8 as as RB 39142 1620 9 large large JJ 39142 1620 10 a a DT 39142 1620 11 planet planet NN 39142 1620 12 as as IN 39142 1620 13 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1620 14 own own JJ 39142 1620 15 , , , 39142 1620 16 being be VBG 39142 1620 17 7,700 7,700 CD 39142 1620 18 miles mile NNS 39142 1620 19 in in IN 39142 1620 20 diameter diameter NN 39142 1620 21 , , , 39142 1620 22 as as IN 39142 1620 23 compared compare VBN 39142 1620 24 with with IN 39142 1620 25 7,920 7,920 CD 39142 1620 26 for for IN 39142 1620 27 the the DT 39142 1620 28 earth earth NN 39142 1620 29 . . . 39142 1621 1 Her -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1621 2 velocity velocity NN 39142 1621 3 in in IN 39142 1621 4 her -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1621 5 orbit orbit NN 39142 1621 6 is be VBZ 39142 1621 7 twenty twenty CD 39142 1621 8 - - HYPH 39142 1621 9 two two CD 39142 1621 10 miles mile NNS 39142 1621 11 per per IN 39142 1621 12 second second NN 39142 1621 13 , , , 39142 1621 14 and and CC 39142 1621 15 she -PRON- PRP 39142 1621 16 travels travel VBZ 39142 1621 17 all all PDT 39142 1621 18 the the DT 39142 1621 19 way way NN 39142 1621 20 round round IN 39142 1621 21 the the DT 39142 1621 22 sun sun NN 39142 1621 23 in in IN 39142 1621 24 seven seven CD 39142 1621 25 and and CC 39142 1621 26 one one CD 39142 1621 27 half half NN 39142 1621 28 months month NNS 39142 1621 29 or or CC 39142 1621 30 225 225 CD 39142 1621 31 days day NNS 39142 1621 32 . . . 39142 1622 1 Venus venus JJ 39142 1622 2 from from IN 39142 1622 3 her -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1622 4 striking striking JJ 39142 1622 5 brilliancy brilliancy NN 39142 1622 6 always always RB 39142 1622 7 leads lead VBZ 39142 1622 8 the the DT 39142 1622 9 novice novice NN 39142 1622 10 to to TO 39142 1622 11 expect expect VB 39142 1622 12 to to TO 39142 1622 13 see see VB 39142 1622 14 great great JJ 39142 1622 15 things thing NNS 39142 1622 16 on on IN 39142 1622 17 applying apply VBG 39142 1622 18 the the DT 39142 1622 19 telescope telescope NN 39142 1622 20 . . . 39142 1623 1 But but CC 39142 1623 2 aside aside RB 39142 1623 3 from from IN 39142 1623 4 a a DT 39142 1623 5 brilliant brilliant JJ 39142 1623 6 disk disk NN 39142 1623 7 , , , 39142 1623 8 now now RB 39142 1623 9 a a DT 39142 1623 10 slender slend JJR 39142 1623 11 crescent crescent NN 39142 1623 12 , , , 39142 1623 13 now now RB 39142 1623 14 half half RB 39142 1623 15 full full JJ 39142 1623 16 like like IN 39142 1623 17 the the DT 39142 1623 18 moon moon NN 39142 1623 19 at at IN 39142 1623 20 quarter quarter NN 39142 1623 21 , , , 39142 1623 22 and and CC 39142 1623 23 again again RB 39142 1623 24 gibbous gibbous JJ 39142 1623 25 as as IN 39142 1623 26 the the DT 39142 1623 27 moon moon NN 39142 1623 28 is be VBZ 39142 1623 29 between between IN 39142 1623 30 quarter quarter NN 39142 1623 31 and and CC 39142 1623 32 full full JJ 39142 1623 33 , , , 39142 1623 34 the the DT 39142 1623 35 telescope telescope NN 39142 1623 36 reveals reveal VBZ 39142 1623 37 but but CC 39142 1623 38 little little JJ 39142 1623 39 . . . 39142 1624 1 There there EX 39142 1624 2 is be VBZ 39142 1624 3 pretty pretty RB 39142 1624 4 good good JJ 39142 1624 5 evidence evidence NN 39142 1624 6 that that IN 39142 1624 7 the the DT 39142 1624 8 markings marking NNS 39142 1624 9 thought think VBD 39142 1624 10 to to TO 39142 1624 11 have have VB 39142 1624 12 been be VBN 39142 1624 13 seen see VBN 39142 1624 14 on on IN 39142 1624 15 the the DT 39142 1624 16 planet planet NN 39142 1624 17 's 's POS 39142 1624 18 surface surface NN 39142 1624 19 are be VBP 39142 1624 20 illusory illusory JJ 39142 1624 21 , , , 39142 1624 22 and and CC 39142 1624 23 so so RB 39142 1624 24 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1624 25 is be VBZ 39142 1624 26 wholly wholly RB 39142 1624 27 uncertain uncertain JJ 39142 1624 28 in in IN 39142 1624 29 what what WDT 39142 1624 30 direction direction NN 39142 1624 31 the the DT 39142 1624 32 planet planet NN 39142 1624 33 's 's POS 39142 1624 34 axis axis NN 39142 1624 35 lies lie VBZ 39142 1624 36 ; ; : 39142 1624 37 also also RB 39142 1624 38 there there EX 39142 1624 39 is be VBZ 39142 1624 40 great great JJ 39142 1624 41 uncertainty uncertainty NN 39142 1624 42 about about IN 39142 1624 43 the the DT 39142 1624 44 length length NN 39142 1624 45 of of IN 39142 1624 46 the the DT 39142 1624 47 day day NN 39142 1624 48 on on IN 39142 1624 49 Venus Venus NNP 39142 1624 50 , , , 39142 1624 51 or or CC 39142 1624 52 the the DT 39142 1624 53 period period NN 39142 1624 54 of of IN 39142 1624 55 turning turn VBG 39142 1624 56 round round NN 39142 1624 57 on on IN 39142 1624 58 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1624 59 axis axis NN 39142 1624 60 . . . 39142 1625 1 Probably probably RB 39142 1625 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1625 3 is be VBZ 39142 1625 4 the the DT 39142 1625 5 same same JJ 39142 1625 6 in in IN 39142 1625 7 length length NN 39142 1625 8 as as IN 39142 1625 9 the the DT 39142 1625 10 planet planet NN 39142 1625 11 's 's POS 39142 1625 12 year year NN 39142 1625 13 . . . 39142 1626 1 Once once RB 39142 1626 2 when when WRB 39142 1626 3 Venus Venus NNP 39142 1626 4 passed pass VBD 39142 1626 5 very very RB 39142 1626 6 close close RB 39142 1626 7 to to IN 39142 1626 8 the the DT 39142 1626 9 sun sun NN 39142 1626 10 , , , 39142 1626 11 just just RB 39142 1626 12 barely barely RB 39142 1626 13 escaping escape VBG 39142 1626 14 a a DT 39142 1626 15 transit transit NN 39142 1626 16 , , , 39142 1626 17 Lyman Lyman NNP 39142 1626 18 of of IN 39142 1626 19 Yale Yale NNP 39142 1626 20 University University NNP 39142 1626 21 caught catch VBD 39142 1626 22 sight sight NN 39142 1626 23 of of IN 39142 1626 24 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1626 25 by by IN 39142 1626 26 hiding hide VBG 39142 1626 27 the the DT 39142 1626 28 sun sun NN 39142 1626 29 behind behind IN 39142 1626 30 a a DT 39142 1626 31 tall tall JJ 39142 1626 32 building building NN 39142 1626 33 or or CC 39142 1626 34 church church NN 39142 1626 35 spire spire NN 39142 1626 36 . . . 39142 1627 1 The the DT 39142 1627 2 dark dark JJ 39142 1627 3 side side NN 39142 1627 4 of of IN 39142 1627 5 Venus Venus NNP 39142 1627 6 was be VBD 39142 1627 7 turned turn VBN 39142 1627 8 toward toward IN 39142 1627 9 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1627 10 and and CC 39142 1627 11 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1627 12 could could MD 39142 1627 13 not not RB 39142 1627 14 of of RB 39142 1627 15 course course NN 39142 1627 16 see see VB 39142 1627 17 that that DT 39142 1627 18 . . . 39142 1628 1 But but CC 39142 1628 2 the the DT 39142 1628 3 planet planet NN 39142 1628 4 was be VBD 39142 1628 5 clearly clearly RB 39142 1628 6 there there RB 39142 1628 7 , , , 39142 1628 8 completely completely RB 39142 1628 9 encircled encircle VBN 39142 1628 10 by by IN 39142 1628 11 a a DT 39142 1628 12 narrow narrow JJ 39142 1628 13 delicate delicate JJ 39142 1628 14 luminous luminous JJ 39142 1628 15 ring ring NN 39142 1628 16 , , , 39142 1628 17 which which WDT 39142 1628 18 was be VBD 39142 1628 19 due due JJ 39142 1628 20 to to IN 39142 1628 21 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 1628 22 shining shine VBG 39142 1628 23 through through IN 39142 1628 24 the the DT 39142 1628 25 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1628 26 that that WDT 39142 1628 27 surrounds surround VBZ 39142 1628 28 the the DT 39142 1628 29 planet planet NN 39142 1628 30 . . . 39142 1629 1 Similar similar JJ 39142 1629 2 ring ring NN 39142 1629 3 effects effect NNS 39142 1629 4 were be VBD 39142 1629 5 seen see VBN 39142 1629 6 by by IN 39142 1629 7 observers observer NNS 39142 1629 8 of of IN 39142 1629 9 the the DT 39142 1629 10 transits transit NNS 39142 1629 11 of of IN 39142 1629 12 Venus Venus NNP 39142 1629 13 in in IN 39142 1629 14 1874 1874 CD 39142 1629 15 and and CC 39142 1629 16 1882 1882 CD 39142 1629 17 ; ; : 39142 1629 18 and and CC 39142 1629 19 from from IN 39142 1629 20 all all PDT 39142 1629 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1629 22 observations observation NNS 39142 1629 23 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1629 24 is be VBZ 39142 1629 25 concluded conclude VBN 39142 1629 26 that that IN 39142 1629 27 Venus Venus NNP 39142 1629 28 has have VBZ 39142 1629 29 an an DT 39142 1629 30 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1629 31 probably probably RB 39142 1629 32 at at RB 39142 1629 33 least least RBS 39142 1629 34 twice twice RB 39142 1629 35 as as RB 39142 1629 36 dense dense JJ 39142 1629 37 and and CC 39142 1629 38 extensive extensive JJ 39142 1629 39 as as IN 39142 1629 40 that that DT 39142 1629 41 which which WDT 39142 1629 42 encircles encircle VBZ 39142 1629 43 the the DT 39142 1629 44 earth earth NN 39142 1629 45 . . . 39142 1630 1 Spurious spurious JJ 39142 1630 2 satellites satellite NNS 39142 1630 3 of of IN 39142 1630 4 Venus Venus NNP 39142 1630 5 are be VBP 39142 1630 6 many many JJ 39142 1630 7 , , , 39142 1630 8 but but CC 39142 1630 9 no no DT 39142 1630 10 real real JJ 39142 1630 11 moon moon NN 39142 1630 12 is be VBZ 39142 1630 13 known know VBN 39142 1630 14 to to TO 39142 1630 15 attend attend VB 39142 1630 16 this this DT 39142 1630 17 planet planet NN 39142 1630 18 . . . 39142 1631 1 [ [ -LRB- 39142 1631 2 Illustration illustration NN 39142 1631 3 : : : 39142 1631 4 THE the DT 39142 1631 5 SURFACE surface NN 39142 1631 6 OF of IN 39142 1631 7 THE the DT 39142 1631 8 MOON moon NN 39142 1631 9 IN in IN 39142 1631 10 THE the DT 39142 1631 11 REGION region NN 39142 1631 12 OF of IN 39142 1631 13 COPERNICUS COPERNICUS NNP 39142 1631 14 . . . 39142 1632 1 Photograph Photograph NNP 39142 1632 2 made make VBN 39142 1632 3 with with IN 39142 1632 4 the the DT 39142 1632 5 Hooker Hooker NNP 39142 1632 6 100-inch 100-inch CD 39142 1632 7 reflecting reflect VBG 39142 1632 8 telescope telescope NN 39142 1632 9 . . . 39142 1633 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1633 2 _ _ NNP 39142 1633 3 Photo Photo NNP 39142 1633 4 , , , 39142 1633 5 Mt. Mount NNP 39142 1634 1 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 1634 2 Solar Solar NNP 39142 1634 3 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1634 4 . . . 39142 1634 5 _ _ NNP 39142 1634 6 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1634 7 ] ] -RRB- 39142 1634 8 [ [ -LRB- 39142 1634 9 Illustration illustration NN 39142 1634 10 : : : 39142 1634 11 A a DT 39142 1634 12 VIEW view NN 39142 1634 13 OF of IN 39142 1634 14 THE the DT 39142 1634 15 SOUTH south JJ 39142 1634 16 CENTRAL central NN 39142 1634 17 PORTION portion NN 39142 1634 18 OF of IN 39142 1634 19 THE the DT 39142 1634 20 MOON MOON NNP 39142 1634 21 AT AT NNP 39142 1634 22 LAST last NN 39142 1634 23 QUARTER quarter NN 39142 1634 24 . . . 39142 1635 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1635 2 _ _ NNP 39142 1635 3 Photo Photo NNP 39142 1635 4 , , , 39142 1635 5 Mt. Mount NNP 39142 1636 1 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 1636 2 Solar Solar NNP 39142 1636 3 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1636 4 . . . 39142 1636 5 _ _ NNP 39142 1636 6 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1636 7 ] ] -RRB- 39142 1636 8 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 1636 9 XXVIII XXVIII NNP 39142 1636 10 THE the DT 39142 1636 11 MOON moon NN 39142 1636 12 AND and CC 39142 1636 13 HER her PRP$ 39142 1636 14 SURFACE surface NN 39142 1636 15 As as IN 39142 1636 16 the the DT 39142 1636 17 sun sun NN 39142 1636 18 has have VBZ 39142 1636 19 always always RB 39142 1636 20 reigned reign VBN 39142 1636 21 as as IN 39142 1636 22 king king NN 39142 1636 23 of of IN 39142 1636 24 day day NN 39142 1636 25 , , , 39142 1636 26 so so RB 39142 1636 27 is be VBZ 39142 1636 28 the the DT 39142 1636 29 moon moon NN 39142 1636 30 queen queen NN 39142 1636 31 of of IN 39142 1636 32 night night NN 39142 1636 33 . . . 39142 1637 1 Observation observation NN 39142 1637 2 of of IN 39142 1637 3 her -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1637 4 phases phase NNS 39142 1637 5 , , , 39142 1637 6 now now RB 39142 1637 7 waxing wax VBG 39142 1637 8 , , , 39142 1637 9 now now RB 39142 1637 10 waning wane VBG 39142 1637 11 , , , 39142 1637 12 with with IN 39142 1637 13 her -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1637 14 stately stately JJ 39142 1637 15 motion motion NN 39142 1637 16 always always RB 39142 1637 17 eastward eastward RB 39142 1637 18 among among IN 39142 1637 19 the the DT 39142 1637 20 stars star NNS 39142 1637 21 , , , 39142 1637 22 began begin VBD 39142 1637 23 with with IN 39142 1637 24 the the DT 39142 1637 25 earliest early JJS 39142 1637 26 ages age NNS 39142 1637 27 . . . 39142 1638 1 Often often RB 39142 1638 2 when when WRB 39142 1638 3 near near IN 39142 1638 4 the the DT 39142 1638 5 full full JJ 39142 1638 6 she -PRON- PRP 39142 1638 7 must must MD 39142 1638 8 have have VB 39142 1638 9 been be VBN 39142 1638 10 seen see VBN 39142 1638 11 herself -PRON- PRP 39142 1638 12 eclipsed eclipse VBN 39142 1638 13 , , , 39142 1638 14 and and CC 39142 1638 15 much much RB 39142 1638 16 more more RBR 39142 1638 17 rarely rarely RB 39142 1638 18 the the DT 39142 1638 19 occurrence occurrence NN 39142 1638 20 of of IN 39142 1638 21 total total JJ 39142 1638 22 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1638 23 of of IN 39142 1638 24 the the DT 39142 1638 25 sun sun NN 39142 1638 26 are be VBP 39142 1638 27 certain certain JJ 39142 1638 28 to to TO 39142 1638 29 have have VB 39142 1638 30 suggested suggest VBN 39142 1638 31 the the DT 39142 1638 32 moon moon NN 39142 1638 33 's 's POS 39142 1638 34 intervention intervention NN 39142 1638 35 between between IN 39142 1638 36 earth earth NN 39142 1638 37 and and CC 39142 1638 38 sun sun NN 39142 1638 39 , , , 39142 1638 40 shutting shut VBG 39142 1638 41 off off RP 39142 1638 42 the the DT 39142 1638 43 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 1638 44 completely completely RB 39142 1638 45 , , , 39142 1638 46 because because IN 39142 1638 47 these these DT 39142 1638 48 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1638 49 never never RB 39142 1638 50 took take VBD 39142 1638 51 place place NN 39142 1638 52 except except IN 39142 1638 53 when when WRB 39142 1638 54 the the DT 39142 1638 55 moon moon NN 39142 1638 56 was be VBD 39142 1638 57 in in IN 39142 1638 58 the the DT 39142 1638 59 same same JJ 39142 1638 60 part part NN 39142 1638 61 of of IN 39142 1638 62 the the DT 39142 1638 63 sky sky NN 39142 1638 64 with with IN 39142 1638 65 the the DT 39142 1638 66 sun sun NN 39142 1638 67 . . . 39142 1639 1 If if IN 39142 1639 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1639 3 watch watch VBP 39142 1639 4 the the DT 39142 1639 5 nightly nightly JJ 39142 1639 6 march march NNP 39142 1639 7 of of IN 39142 1639 8 the the DT 39142 1639 9 moon moon NN 39142 1639 10 , , , 39142 1639 11 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1639 12 shall shall MD 39142 1639 13 find find VB 39142 1639 14 that that IN 39142 1639 15 she -PRON- PRP 39142 1639 16 travels travel VBZ 39142 1639 17 over over IN 39142 1639 18 her -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1639 19 own own JJ 39142 1639 20 breadth breadth NN 39142 1639 21 in in IN 39142 1639 22 about about RB 39142 1639 23 an an DT 39142 1639 24 hour hour NN 39142 1639 25 's 's POS 39142 1639 26 time time NN 39142 1639 27 . . . 39142 1640 1 By by IN 39142 1640 2 using use VBG 39142 1640 3 a a DT 39142 1640 4 telescope telescope NN 39142 1640 5 on on IN 39142 1640 6 the the DT 39142 1640 7 stars star NNS 39142 1640 8 just just RB 39142 1640 9 eastward eastward RB 39142 1640 10 or or CC 39142 1640 11 to to IN 39142 1640 12 the the DT 39142 1640 13 left left NN 39142 1640 14 of of IN 39142 1640 15 her -PRON- PRP 39142 1640 16 , , , 39142 1640 17 she -PRON- PRP 39142 1640 18 will will MD 39142 1640 19 now now RB 39142 1640 20 and and CC 39142 1640 21 then then RB 39142 1640 22 be be VB 39142 1640 23 seen see VBN 39142 1640 24 to to TO 39142 1640 25 pass pass VB 39142 1640 26 between between IN 39142 1640 27 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1640 28 and and CC 39142 1640 29 a a DT 39142 1640 30 star star NN 39142 1640 31 -- -- : 39142 1640 32 on on IN 39142 1640 33 very very RB 39142 1640 34 rare rare JJ 39142 1640 35 occasions occasion NNS 39142 1640 36 a a DT 39142 1640 37 planet planet NN 39142 1640 38 -- -- : 39142 1640 39 extinguishing extinguish VBG 39142 1640 40 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1640 41 light light NN 39142 1640 42 with with IN 39142 1640 43 great great JJ 39142 1640 44 suddenness suddenness NN 39142 1640 45 , , , 39142 1640 46 the the DT 39142 1640 47 most most RBS 39142 1640 48 nearly nearly RB 39142 1640 49 instantaneous instantaneous JJ 39142 1640 50 of of IN 39142 1640 51 all all DT 39142 1640 52 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 1640 53 in in IN 39142 1640 54 nature nature NN 39142 1640 55 . . . 39142 1641 1 Draw draw VB 39142 1641 2 a a DT 39142 1641 3 line line NN 39142 1641 4 connecting connect VBG 39142 1641 5 the the DT 39142 1641 6 cusps cusp NNS 39142 1641 7 , , , 39142 1641 8 or or CC 39142 1641 9 horns horn NNS 39142 1641 10 of of IN 39142 1641 11 the the DT 39142 1641 12 lunar lunar JJ 39142 1641 13 crescent crescent NN 39142 1641 14 , , , 39142 1641 15 and and CC 39142 1641 16 then then RB 39142 1641 17 a a DT 39142 1641 18 line line NN 39142 1641 19 eastward eastward RB 39142 1641 20 at at IN 39142 1641 21 right right JJ 39142 1641 22 angles angle NNS 39142 1641 23 to to IN 39142 1641 24 this this DT 39142 1641 25 , , , 39142 1641 26 and and CC 39142 1641 27 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1641 28 will will MD 39142 1641 29 show show VB 39142 1641 30 the the DT 39142 1641 31 direction direction NN 39142 1641 32 of of IN 39142 1641 33 the the DT 39142 1641 34 moon moon NN 39142 1641 35 's 's POS 39142 1641 36 own own JJ 39142 1641 37 motion motion NN 39142 1641 38 in in IN 39142 1641 39 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1641 40 orbit orbit NN 39142 1641 41 round round IN 39142 1641 42 the the DT 39142 1641 43 earth earth NN 39142 1641 44 quite quite RB 39142 1641 45 accurately accurately RB 39142 1641 46 . . . 39142 1642 1 As as IN 39142 1642 2 the the DT 39142 1642 3 phase phase NN 39142 1642 4 advances advance VBZ 39142 1642 5 , , , 39142 1642 6 note note VB 39142 1642 7 the the DT 39142 1642 8 inside inside JJ 39142 1642 9 edge edge NN 39142 1642 10 of of IN 39142 1642 11 the the DT 39142 1642 12 advancing advance VBG 39142 1642 13 crescent crescent NN 39142 1642 14 : : : 39142 1642 15 this this DT 39142 1642 16 will will MD 39142 1642 17 be be VB 39142 1642 18 quite quite RB 39142 1642 19 rough rough JJ 39142 1642 20 and and CC 39142 1642 21 jagged jagged JJ 39142 1642 22 , , , 39142 1642 23 compared compare VBN 39142 1642 24 to to IN 39142 1642 25 the the DT 39142 1642 26 outside outside JJ 39142 1642 27 edge edge NN 39142 1642 28 which which WDT 39142 1642 29 is be VBZ 39142 1642 30 the the DT 39142 1642 31 moon moon NN 39142 1642 32 's 's POS 39142 1642 33 real real JJ 39142 1642 34 contour contour NN 39142 1642 35 and and CC 39142 1642 36 relatively relatively RB 39142 1642 37 very very RB 39142 1642 38 smooth smooth JJ 39142 1642 39 . . . 39142 1643 1 The the DT 39142 1643 2 position position NN 39142 1643 3 of of IN 39142 1643 4 the the DT 39142 1643 5 inside inside JJ 39142 1643 6 curve curve NN 39142 1643 7 will will MD 39142 1643 8 change change VB 39142 1643 9 from from IN 39142 1643 10 night night NN 39142 1643 11 to to IN 39142 1643 12 night night NN 39142 1643 13 , , , 39142 1643 14 and and CC 39142 1643 15 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1643 16 marks mark VBZ 39142 1643 17 the the DT 39142 1643 18 line line NN 39142 1643 19 of of IN 39142 1643 20 sunrise sunrise NN 39142 1643 21 on on IN 39142 1643 22 the the DT 39142 1643 23 moon moon NN 39142 1643 24 during during IN 39142 1643 25 the the DT 39142 1643 26 fortnight fortnight NN 39142 1643 27 elapsing elapsing NN 39142 1643 28 between between IN 39142 1643 29 new new JJ 39142 1643 30 moon moon NN 39142 1643 31 and and CC 39142 1643 32 full full JJ 39142 1643 33 ; ; : 39142 1643 34 while while IN 39142 1643 35 from from IN 39142 1643 36 full full JJ 39142 1643 37 through through IN 39142 1643 38 last last JJ 39142 1643 39 quarter quarter NN 39142 1643 40 and and CC 39142 1643 41 back back RB 39142 1643 42 to to IN 39142 1643 43 new new JJ 39142 1643 44 moon moon NN 39142 1643 45 , , , 39142 1643 46 this this DT 39142 1643 47 advancing advance VBG 39142 1643 48 line line NN 39142 1643 49 marks mark VBZ 39142 1643 50 the the DT 39142 1643 51 region region NN 39142 1643 52 of of IN 39142 1643 53 sunset sunset NN 39142 1643 54 on on IN 39142 1643 55 the the DT 39142 1643 56 moon moon NN 39142 1643 57 . . . 39142 1644 1 The the DT 39142 1644 2 general general JJ 39142 1644 3 shape shape NN 39142 1644 4 of of IN 39142 1644 5 this this DT 39142 1644 6 line line NN 39142 1644 7 is be VBZ 39142 1644 8 never never RB 39142 1644 9 a a DT 39142 1644 10 circle circle NN 39142 1644 11 but but CC 39142 1644 12 always always RB 39142 1644 13 elliptical elliptical JJ 39142 1644 14 , , , 39142 1644 15 and and CC 39142 1644 16 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1644 17 call call VBP 39142 1644 18 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1644 19 the the DT 39142 1644 20 terminator terminator NN 39142 1644 21 . . . 39142 1645 1 All all DT 39142 1645 2 along along IN 39142 1645 3 the the DT 39142 1645 4 terminator terminator NN 39142 1645 5 , , , 39142 1645 6 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 1645 7 strikes strike VBZ 39142 1645 8 the the DT 39142 1645 9 lunar lunar JJ 39142 1645 10 surface surface NN 39142 1645 11 at at IN 39142 1645 12 a a DT 39142 1645 13 small small JJ 39142 1645 14 angle angle NN 39142 1645 15 , , , 39142 1645 16 whether whether IN 39142 1645 17 near near JJ 39142 1645 18 sunrise sunrise NN 39142 1645 19 or or CC 39142 1645 20 sunset sunset NN 39142 1645 21 ; ; : 39142 1645 22 so so IN 39142 1645 23 that that IN 39142 1645 24 owing owe VBG 39142 1645 25 to to IN 39142 1645 26 the the DT 39142 1645 27 mountains mountain NNS 39142 1645 28 and and CC 39142 1645 29 other other JJ 39142 1645 30 high high JJ 39142 1645 31 masses masse NNS 39142 1645 32 of of IN 39142 1645 33 the the DT 39142 1645 34 moon moon NN 39142 1645 35 's 's POS 39142 1645 36 surface surface NN 39142 1645 37 , , , 39142 1645 38 the the DT 39142 1645 39 terminator terminator NN 39142 1645 40 is be VBZ 39142 1645 41 always always RB 39142 1645 42 a a DT 39142 1645 43 more more RBR 39142 1645 44 or or CC 39142 1645 45 less less RBR 39142 1645 46 jagged jagged JJ 39142 1645 47 and and CC 39142 1645 48 irregular irregular JJ 39142 1645 49 line line NN 39142 1645 50 . . . 39142 1646 1 Onward onward RB 39142 1646 2 from from IN 39142 1646 3 new new JJ 39142 1646 4 moon moon NN 39142 1646 5 toward toward IN 39142 1646 6 full full JJ 39142 1646 7 the the DT 39142 1646 8 horns horn NNS 39142 1646 9 of of IN 39142 1646 10 the the DT 39142 1646 11 crescent crescent NN 39142 1646 12 are be VBP 39142 1646 13 always always RB 39142 1646 14 turned turn VBN 39142 1646 15 upward upward RB 39142 1646 16 or or CC 39142 1646 17 eastward eastward RB 39142 1646 18 . . . 39142 1647 1 When when WRB 39142 1647 2 the the DT 39142 1647 3 general general JJ 39142 1647 4 line line NN 39142 1647 5 of of IN 39142 1647 6 the the DT 39142 1647 7 terminator terminator NN 39142 1647 8 becomes become VBZ 39142 1647 9 a a DT 39142 1647 10 straight straight JJ 39142 1647 11 line line NN 39142 1647 12 from from IN 39142 1647 13 cusp cusp NN 39142 1647 14 to to IN 39142 1647 15 cusp cusp NN 39142 1647 16 , , , 39142 1647 17 the the DT 39142 1647 18 moon moon NN 39142 1647 19 is be VBZ 39142 1647 20 said say VBN 39142 1647 21 to to TO 39142 1647 22 have have VB 39142 1647 23 reached reach VBN 39142 1647 24 first first JJ 39142 1647 25 quarter quarter NN 39142 1647 26 or or CC 39142 1647 27 quadrature quadrature NN 39142 1647 28 . . . 39142 1648 1 Onward onward RB 39142 1648 2 toward toward IN 39142 1648 3 full full JJ 39142 1648 4 the the DT 39142 1648 5 terminator terminator NN 39142 1648 6 will will MD 39142 1648 7 be be VB 39142 1648 8 seen see VBN 39142 1648 9 to to TO 39142 1648 10 bend bend VB 39142 1648 11 the the DT 39142 1648 12 other other JJ 39142 1648 13 way way NN 39142 1648 14 , , , 39142 1648 15 and and CC 39142 1648 16 in in IN 39142 1648 17 about about RB 39142 1648 18 a a DT 39142 1648 19 week week NN 39142 1648 20 's 's POS 39142 1648 21 time time NN 39142 1648 22 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1648 23 will will MD 39142 1648 24 have have VB 39142 1648 25 merged merge VBN 39142 1648 26 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 1648 27 with with IN 39142 1648 28 the the DT 39142 1648 29 moon moon NN 39142 1648 30 's 's POS 39142 1648 31 limb limb NN 39142 1648 32 . . . 39142 1649 1 The the DT 39142 1649 2 moon moon NN 39142 1649 3 is be VBZ 39142 1649 4 then then RB 39142 1649 5 said say VBN 39142 1649 6 to to TO 39142 1649 7 be be VB 39142 1649 8 full full JJ 39142 1649 9 . . . 39142 1650 1 Afterward afterward RB 39142 1650 2 the the DT 39142 1650 3 phase phase NN 39142 1650 4 phenomena phenomena VBZ 39142 1650 5 recur recur NN 39142 1650 6 in in IN 39142 1650 7 the the DT 39142 1650 8 reverse reverse JJ 39142 1650 9 order order NN 39142 1650 10 , , , 39142 1650 11 with with IN 39142 1650 12 third third JJ 39142 1650 13 quarter quarter NN 39142 1650 14 midway midway NN 39142 1650 15 between between IN 39142 1650 16 full full JJ 39142 1650 17 and and CC 39142 1650 18 new new JJ 39142 1650 19 moon moon NN 39142 1650 20 again again RB 39142 1650 21 ; ; : 39142 1650 22 the the DT 39142 1650 23 phase phase NN 39142 1650 24 of of IN 39142 1650 25 the the DT 39142 1650 26 moon moon NN 39142 1650 27 being be VBG 39142 1650 28 called call VBN 39142 1650 29 gibbous gibbous JJ 39142 1650 30 all all PDT 39142 1650 31 the the DT 39142 1650 32 way way NN 39142 1650 33 from from IN 39142 1650 34 first first JJ 39142 1650 35 quarter quarter NN 39142 1650 36 to to IN 39142 1650 37 third third JJ 39142 1650 38 quarter quarter NN 39142 1650 39 , , , 39142 1650 40 except except IN 39142 1650 41 when when WRB 39142 1650 42 exactly exactly RB 39142 1650 43 full full JJ 39142 1650 44 . . . 39142 1651 1 As as IN 39142 1651 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1651 3 know know VBP 39142 1651 4 that that IN 39142 1651 5 the the DT 39142 1651 6 moon moon NN 39142 1651 7 is be VBZ 39142 1651 8 , , , 39142 1651 9 like like IN 39142 1651 10 the the DT 39142 1651 11 earth earth NN 39142 1651 12 , , , 39142 1651 13 a a DT 39142 1651 14 nonluminous nonluminous JJ 39142 1651 15 body body NN 39142 1651 16 , , , 39142 1651 17 and and CC 39142 1651 18 shines shine VBZ 39142 1651 19 only only RB 39142 1651 20 by by IN 39142 1651 21 virtue virtue NN 39142 1651 22 of of IN 39142 1651 23 the the DT 39142 1651 24 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 1651 25 falling fall VBG 39142 1651 26 upon upon IN 39142 1651 27 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1651 28 , , , 39142 1651 29 clearly clearly RB 39142 1651 30 an an DT 39142 1651 31 entire entire JJ 39142 1651 32 half half NN 39142 1651 33 of of IN 39142 1651 34 the the DT 39142 1651 35 moon moon NN 39142 1651 36 's 's POS 39142 1651 37 globe globe NN 39142 1651 38 must must MD 39142 1651 39 be be VB 39142 1651 40 perpetually perpetually RB 39142 1651 41 illumined illumine VBN 39142 1651 42 by by IN 39142 1651 43 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 1651 44 . . . 39142 1652 1 The the DT 39142 1652 2 varying varying NN 39142 1652 3 phases phase NNS 39142 1652 4 then then RB 39142 1652 5 are be VBP 39142 1652 6 due due JJ 39142 1652 7 simply simply RB 39142 1652 8 to to IN 39142 1652 9 that that DT 39142 1652 10 part part NN 39142 1652 11 of of IN 39142 1652 12 the the DT 39142 1652 13 illuminated illuminate VBN 39142 1652 14 hemisphere hemisphere NN 39142 1652 15 which which WDT 39142 1652 16 is be VBZ 39142 1652 17 turned turn VBN 39142 1652 18 toward toward IN 39142 1652 19 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1652 20 . . . 39142 1653 1 New new JJ 39142 1653 2 moon moon NN 39142 1653 3 is be VBZ 39142 1653 4 entirely entirely RB 39142 1653 5 invisible invisible JJ 39142 1653 6 because because IN 39142 1653 7 the the DT 39142 1653 8 sunward sunward NN 39142 1653 9 hemisphere hemisphere NN 39142 1653 10 is be VBZ 39142 1653 11 turned turn VBN 39142 1653 12 wholly wholly RB 39142 1653 13 away away RB 39142 1653 14 from from IN 39142 1653 15 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1653 16 , , , 39142 1653 17 while while IN 39142 1653 18 at at IN 39142 1653 19 full full JJ 39142 1653 20 moon moon NN 39142 1653 21 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1653 22 see see VBP 39142 1653 23 the the DT 39142 1653 24 lunar lunar JJ 39142 1653 25 disk disk NN 39142 1653 26 complete complete JJ 39142 1653 27 because because IN 39142 1653 28 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1653 29 are be VBP 39142 1653 30 on on IN 39142 1653 31 the the DT 39142 1653 32 same same JJ 39142 1653 33 side side NN 39142 1653 34 of of IN 39142 1653 35 the the DT 39142 1653 36 moon moon NN 39142 1653 37 that that WDT 39142 1653 38 the the DT 39142 1653 39 sun sun NN 39142 1653 40 is be VBZ 39142 1653 41 and and CC 39142 1653 42 practically practically RB 39142 1653 43 in in IN 39142 1653 44 line line NN 39142 1653 45 with with IN 39142 1653 46 both both CC 39142 1653 47 sun sun NN 39142 1653 48 and and CC 39142 1653 49 moon moon NN 39142 1653 50 . . . 39142 1654 1 If if IN 39142 1654 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1654 3 could could MD 39142 1654 4 visit visit VB 39142 1654 5 the the DT 39142 1654 6 moon moon NN 39142 1654 7 , , , 39142 1654 8 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1654 9 should should MD 39142 1654 10 see see VB 39142 1654 11 the the DT 39142 1654 12 earth earth NN 39142 1654 13 in in IN 39142 1654 14 exactly exactly RB 39142 1654 15 complementary complementary JJ 39142 1654 16 phase phase NN 39142 1654 17 . . . 39142 1655 1 At at IN 39142 1655 2 new new JJ 39142 1655 3 moon moon NN 39142 1655 4 here here RB 39142 1655 5 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1655 6 should should MD 39142 1655 7 be be VB 39142 1655 8 enjoying enjoy VBG 39142 1655 9 full full JJ 39142 1655 10 earth earth NN 39142 1655 11 there there RB 39142 1655 12 , , , 39142 1655 13 and and CC 39142 1655 14 full full JJ 39142 1655 15 moon moon NN 39142 1655 16 here here RB 39142 1655 17 would would MD 39142 1655 18 be be VB 39142 1655 19 coincident coincident JJ 39142 1655 20 with with IN 39142 1655 21 new new JJ 39142 1655 22 or or CC 39142 1655 23 dark dark JJ 39142 1655 24 earth earth NN 39142 1655 25 there there RB 39142 1655 26 . . . 39142 1656 1 The the DT 39142 1656 2 narrow narrow JJ 39142 1656 3 crescent crescent NN 39142 1656 4 of of IN 39142 1656 5 new new JJ 39142 1656 6 moon moon NN 39142 1656 7 here here RB 39142 1656 8 would would MD 39142 1656 9 be be VB 39142 1656 10 the the DT 39142 1656 11 period period NN 39142 1656 12 of of IN 39142 1656 13 gibbous gibbous JJ 39142 1656 14 earth earth NN 39142 1656 15 there there RB 39142 1656 16 ; ; : 39142 1656 17 and and CC 39142 1656 18 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1656 19 is be VBZ 39142 1656 20 the the DT 39142 1656 21 reflection reflection NN 39142 1656 22 of of IN 39142 1656 23 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 1656 24 from from IN 39142 1656 25 this this DT 39142 1656 26 gibbous gibbous JJ 39142 1656 27 earth earth NN 39142 1656 28 which which WDT 39142 1656 29 illuminates illuminate VBZ 39142 1656 30 the the DT 39142 1656 31 part part NN 39142 1656 32 of of IN 39142 1656 33 the the DT 39142 1656 34 moon moon NN 39142 1656 35 but but CC 39142 1656 36 faintly faintly RB 39142 1656 37 seen see VBN 39142 1656 38 at at IN 39142 1656 39 this this DT 39142 1656 40 time time NN 39142 1656 41 , , , 39142 1656 42 popularly popularly RB 39142 1656 43 known know VBN 39142 1656 44 as as IN 39142 1656 45 the the DT 39142 1656 46 " " `` 39142 1656 47 old old JJ 39142 1656 48 moon moon NN 39142 1656 49 in in IN 39142 1656 50 the the DT 39142 1656 51 new new JJ 39142 1656 52 moon moon NN 39142 1656 53 's 's POS 39142 1656 54 arms arm NNS 39142 1656 55 . . . 39142 1656 56 " " '' 39142 1657 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1657 2 greater great JJR 39142 1657 3 visibility visibility NN 39142 1657 4 at at IN 39142 1657 5 some some DT 39142 1657 6 times time NNS 39142 1657 7 than than IN 39142 1657 8 at at IN 39142 1657 9 others other NNS 39142 1657 10 is be VBZ 39142 1657 11 due due JJ 39142 1657 12 to to IN 39142 1657 13 greater great JJR 39142 1657 14 prevalence prevalence NN 39142 1657 15 of of IN 39142 1657 16 clouded clouded JJ 39142 1657 17 area area NN 39142 1657 18 in in IN 39142 1657 19 the the DT 39142 1657 20 reflecting reflect VBG 39142 1657 21 regions region NNS 39142 1657 22 of of IN 39142 1657 23 the the DT 39142 1657 24 earth earth NN 39142 1657 25 turned turn VBD 39142 1657 26 toward toward IN 39142 1657 27 the the DT 39142 1657 28 moon moon NN 39142 1657 29 , , , 39142 1657 30 and and CC 39142 1657 31 the the DT 39142 1657 32 higher higher RBR 39142 1657 33 reflective reflective JJ 39142 1657 34 power power NN 39142 1657 35 of of IN 39142 1657 36 clouds cloud NNS 39142 1657 37 than than IN 39142 1657 38 that that DT 39142 1657 39 possessed possess VBN 39142 1657 40 by by IN 39142 1657 41 mere mere JJ 39142 1657 42 land land NN 39142 1657 43 and and CC 39142 1657 44 water water NN 39142 1657 45 . . . 39142 1658 1 As as IN 39142 1658 2 the the DT 39142 1658 3 moon moon NN 39142 1658 4 goes go VBZ 39142 1658 5 all all PDT 39142 1658 6 the the DT 39142 1658 7 way way NN 39142 1658 8 round round IN 39142 1658 9 the the DT 39142 1658 10 sky sky NN 39142 1658 11 every every DT 39142 1658 12 month month NN 39142 1658 13 , , , 39142 1658 14 the the DT 39142 1658 15 same same JJ 39142 1658 16 as as IN 39142 1658 17 the the DT 39142 1658 18 sun sun NN 39142 1658 19 does do VBZ 39142 1658 20 in in IN 39142 1658 21 a a DT 39142 1658 22 year year NN 39142 1658 23 , , , 39142 1658 24 and and CC 39142 1658 25 travels travel NNS 39142 1658 26 in in IN 39142 1658 27 nearly nearly RB 39142 1658 28 the the DT 39142 1658 29 same same JJ 39142 1658 30 path path NN 39142 1658 31 , , , 39142 1658 32 clearly clearly RB 39142 1658 33 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1658 34 must must MD 39142 1658 35 also also RB 39142 1658 36 go go VB 39142 1658 37 north north NN 39142 1658 38 and and CC 39142 1658 39 south south NN 39142 1658 40 every every DT 39142 1658 41 month month NN 39142 1658 42 as as IN 39142 1658 43 the the DT 39142 1658 44 sun sun NN 39142 1658 45 does do VBZ 39142 1658 46 . . . 39142 1659 1 So so RB 39142 1659 2 in in IN 39142 1659 3 midsummer midsummer NN 39142 1659 4 when when WRB 39142 1659 5 the the DT 39142 1659 6 sun sun NN 39142 1659 7 runs run VBZ 39142 1659 8 high high RB 39142 1659 9 upon upon IN 39142 1659 10 the the DT 39142 1659 11 meridian meridian NN 39142 1659 12 , , , 39142 1659 13 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1659 14 expect expect VBP 39142 1659 15 to to TO 39142 1659 16 find find VB 39142 1659 17 full full JJ 39142 1659 18 moons moon NNS 39142 1659 19 running run VBG 39142 1659 20 low low JJ 39142 1659 21 , , , 39142 1659 22 and and CC 39142 1659 23 likewise likewise RB 39142 1659 24 in in IN 39142 1659 25 midwinter midwinter NN 39142 1659 26 the the DT 39142 1659 27 full full JJ 39142 1659 28 moon moon NN 39142 1659 29 always always RB 39142 1659 30 runs run VBZ 39142 1659 31 high high JJ 39142 1659 32 , , , 39142 1659 33 as as IN 39142 1659 34 almost almost RB 39142 1659 35 everyone everyone NN 39142 1659 36 has have VBZ 39142 1659 37 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 1659 38 or or CC 39142 1659 39 other other JJ 39142 1659 40 noticed notice VBN 39142 1659 41 . . . 39142 1660 1 This this DT 39142 1660 2 eastward eastward JJ 39142 1660 3 or or CC 39142 1660 4 true true JJ 39142 1660 5 orbital orbital JJ 39142 1660 6 motion motion NN 39142 1660 7 of of IN 39142 1660 8 the the DT 39142 1660 9 moon moon NN 39142 1660 10 is be VBZ 39142 1660 11 responsible responsible JJ 39142 1660 12 for for IN 39142 1660 13 another another DT 39142 1660 14 relation relation NN 39142 1660 15 which which WDT 39142 1660 16 soon soon RB 39142 1660 17 comes come VBZ 39142 1660 18 to to IN 39142 1660 19 light light NN 39142 1660 20 when when WRB 39142 1660 21 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1660 22 begin begin VBP 39142 1660 23 to to TO 39142 1660 24 observe observe VB 39142 1660 25 the the DT 39142 1660 26 moon moon NN 39142 1660 27 ; ; : 39142 1660 28 and and CC 39142 1660 29 that that DT 39142 1660 30 is be VBZ 39142 1660 31 the the DT 39142 1660 32 later later JJ 39142 1660 33 hour hour NN 39142 1660 34 of of IN 39142 1660 35 rising rise VBG 39142 1660 36 or or CC 39142 1660 37 setting set VBG 39142 1660 38 each each DT 39142 1660 39 night night NN 39142 1660 40 . . . 39142 1661 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1661 2 clock clock NN 39142 1661 3 time time NN 39142 1661 4 is be VBZ 39142 1661 5 regulated regulate VBN 39142 1661 6 by by IN 39142 1661 7 the the DT 39142 1661 8 sun sun NN 39142 1661 9 , , , 39142 1661 10 which which WDT 39142 1661 11 also also RB 39142 1661 12 is be VBZ 39142 1661 13 moving move VBG 39142 1661 14 eastward eastward RB 39142 1661 15 about about IN 39142 1661 16 1 1 CD 39142 1661 17 ° ° , 39142 1661 18 daily daily JJ 39142 1661 19 , , , 39142 1661 20 or or CC 39142 1661 21 twice twice PDT 39142 1661 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1661 23 own own JJ 39142 1661 24 breadth breadth NN 39142 1661 25 . . . 39142 1662 1 So so RB 39142 1662 2 the the DT 39142 1662 3 moon moon NN 39142 1662 4 's 's POS 39142 1662 5 eastward eastward JJ 39142 1662 6 gain gain NN 39142 1662 7 on on IN 39142 1662 8 the the DT 39142 1662 9 sun sun NN 39142 1662 10 amounts amount VBZ 39142 1662 11 to to IN 39142 1662 12 about about RB 39142 1662 13 12 12 CD 39142 1662 14 degrees degree NNS 39142 1662 15 daily daily RB 39142 1662 16 , , , 39142 1662 17 and and CC 39142 1662 18 one one CD 39142 1662 19 degree degree NN 39142 1662 20 being be VBG 39142 1662 21 equal equal JJ 39142 1662 22 to to IN 39142 1662 23 4 4 CD 39142 1662 24 minutes minute NNS 39142 1662 25 , , , 39142 1662 26 the the DT 39142 1662 27 retarded retarded JJ 39142 1662 28 time time NN 39142 1662 29 of of IN 39142 1662 30 moonrise moonrise NN 39142 1662 31 or or CC 39142 1662 32 moonset moonset VB 39142 1662 33 each each DT 39142 1662 34 day day NN 39142 1662 35 amounts amount VBZ 39142 1662 36 to to IN 39142 1662 37 very very RB 39142 1662 38 nearly nearly RB 39142 1662 39 50 50 CD 39142 1662 40 minutes minute NNS 39142 1662 41 on on IN 39142 1662 42 the the DT 39142 1662 43 average average NN 39142 1662 44 ; ; : 39142 1662 45 though though IN 39142 1662 46 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 1662 47 the the DT 39142 1662 48 delay delay NN 39142 1662 49 will will MD 39142 1662 50 be be VB 39142 1662 51 less less JJR 39142 1662 52 than than IN 39142 1662 53 a a DT 39142 1662 54 half half JJ 39142 1662 55 hour hour NN 39142 1662 56 and and CC 39142 1662 57 at at IN 39142 1662 58 other other JJ 39142 1662 59 times time NNS 39142 1662 60 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1662 61 will will MD 39142 1662 62 exceed exceed VB 39142 1662 63 an an DT 39142 1662 64 hour hour NN 39142 1662 65 and and CC 39142 1662 66 a a DT 39142 1662 67 quarter quarter NN 39142 1662 68 . . . 39142 1663 1 The the DT 39142 1663 2 season season NN 39142 1663 3 of of IN 39142 1663 4 least least JJS 39142 1663 5 retardation retardation NN 39142 1663 6 of of IN 39142 1663 7 rising rise VBG 39142 1663 8 of of IN 39142 1663 9 the the DT 39142 1663 10 full full JJ 39142 1663 11 moon moon NN 39142 1663 12 is be VBZ 39142 1663 13 in in IN 39142 1663 14 the the DT 39142 1663 15 autumn autumn NN 39142 1663 16 , , , 39142 1663 17 and and CC 39142 1663 18 so so RB 39142 1663 19 the the DT 39142 1663 20 moon moon NN 39142 1663 21 that that WDT 39142 1663 22 falls fall VBZ 39142 1663 23 in in IN 39142 1663 24 late late JJ 39142 1663 25 September September NNP 39142 1663 26 or or CC 39142 1663 27 October October NNP 39142 1663 28 is be VBZ 39142 1663 29 known know VBN 39142 1663 30 as as IN 39142 1663 31 the the DT 39142 1663 32 Harvest Harvest NNP 39142 1663 33 moon moon NN 39142 1663 34 , , , 39142 1663 35 and and CC 39142 1663 36 the the DT 39142 1663 37 next next JJ 39142 1663 38 succeeding succeed VBG 39142 1663 39 full full JJ 39142 1663 40 moon moon NN 39142 1663 41 is be VBZ 39142 1663 42 called call VBN 39142 1663 43 the the DT 39142 1663 44 Hunter Hunter NNP 39142 1663 45 's 's POS 39142 1663 46 moon moon NN 39142 1663 47 . . . 39142 1664 1 Lunation Lunation NNP 39142 1664 2 is be VBZ 39142 1664 3 a a DT 39142 1664 4 term term NN 39142 1664 5 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 1664 6 given give VBN 39142 1664 7 to to IN 39142 1664 8 the the DT 39142 1664 9 moon moon NN 39142 1664 10 's 's POS 39142 1664 11 period period NN 39142 1664 12 from from IN 39142 1664 13 any any DT 39142 1664 14 definite definite JJ 39142 1664 15 phase phase NN 39142 1664 16 round round RB 39142 1664 17 to to IN 39142 1664 18 the the DT 39142 1664 19 same same JJ 39142 1664 20 phase phase NN 39142 1664 21 again again RB 39142 1664 22 . . . 39142 1665 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1665 2 length length NN 39142 1665 3 is be VBZ 39142 1665 4 the the DT 39142 1665 5 true true JJ 39142 1665 6 period period NN 39142 1665 7 of of IN 39142 1665 8 the the DT 39142 1665 9 moon moon NN 39142 1665 10 's 's POS 39142 1665 11 revolution revolution NN 39142 1665 12 once once RB 39142 1665 13 around around IN 39142 1665 14 the the DT 39142 1665 15 earth earth NN 39142 1665 16 , , , 39142 1665 17 from from IN 39142 1665 18 the the DT 39142 1665 19 sun sun NN 39142 1665 20 all all PDT 39142 1665 21 the the DT 39142 1665 22 way way NN 39142 1665 23 round round RB 39142 1665 24 till till IN 39142 1665 25 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1665 26 overtakes overtake VBZ 39142 1665 27 the the DT 39142 1665 28 sun sun NN 39142 1665 29 again again RB 39142 1665 30 . . . 39142 1666 1 The the DT 39142 1666 2 synodic synodic JJ 39142 1666 3 period period NN 39142 1666 4 is be VBZ 39142 1666 5 another another DT 39142 1666 6 name name NN 39142 1666 7 for for IN 39142 1666 8 lunation lunation NN 39142 1666 9 , , , 39142 1666 10 and and CC 39142 1666 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1666 12 true true JJ 39142 1666 13 length length NN 39142 1666 14 is be VBZ 39142 1666 15 29 29 CD 39142 1666 16 and and CC 39142 1666 17 one one CD 39142 1666 18 - - HYPH 39142 1666 19 half half NN 39142 1666 20 days day NNS 39142 1666 21 , , , 39142 1666 22 or or CC 39142 1666 23 very very RB 39142 1666 24 accurately accurately RB 39142 1666 25 29 29 CD 39142 1666 26 d. d. NN 39142 1666 27 12 12 CD 39142 1666 28 h. h. NN 39142 1666 29 44 44 CD 39142 1666 30 m. m. NN 39142 1666 31 2.7 2.7 CD 39142 1666 32 s. s. NN 39142 1666 33 as as IN 39142 1666 34 calculated calculate VBN 39142 1666 35 by by IN 39142 1666 36 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1666 37 with with IN 39142 1666 38 great great JJ 39142 1666 39 exactness exactness NN 39142 1666 40 from from IN 39142 1666 41 many many JJ 39142 1666 42 thousand thousand CD 39142 1666 43 revolutions revolution NNS 39142 1666 44 of of IN 39142 1666 45 the the DT 39142 1666 46 moon moon NN 39142 1666 47 . . . 39142 1667 1 But but CC 39142 1667 2 if if IN 39142 1667 3 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1667 4 want want VBP 39142 1667 5 the the DT 39142 1667 6 true true JJ 39142 1667 7 period period NN 39142 1667 8 of of IN 39142 1667 9 the the DT 39142 1667 10 moon moon NN 39142 1667 11 round round IN 39142 1667 12 the the DT 39142 1667 13 earth earth NN 39142 1667 14 as as IN 39142 1667 15 referred refer VBN 39142 1667 16 to to IN 39142 1667 17 a a DT 39142 1667 18 star star NN 39142 1667 19 , , , 39142 1667 20 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1667 21 is be VBZ 39142 1667 22 much much RB 39142 1667 23 shorter short JJR 39142 1667 24 than than IN 39142 1667 25 this this DT 39142 1667 26 , , , 39142 1667 27 amounting amount VBG 39142 1667 28 to to IN 39142 1667 29 only only RB 39142 1667 30 27 27 CD 39142 1667 31 days day NNS 39142 1667 32 and and CC 39142 1667 33 nearly nearly RB 39142 1667 34 one one CD 39142 1667 35 - - HYPH 39142 1667 36 third third NN 39142 1667 37 . . . 39142 1668 1 This this DT 39142 1668 2 is be VBZ 39142 1668 3 called call VBN 39142 1668 4 the the DT 39142 1668 5 moon moon NN 39142 1668 6 's 's POS 39142 1668 7 sidereal sidereal JJ 39142 1668 8 period period NN 39142 1668 9 of of IN 39142 1668 10 revolution revolution NN 39142 1668 11 , , , 39142 1668 12 because because IN 39142 1668 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1668 14 is be VBZ 39142 1668 15 the the DT 39142 1668 16 time time NN 39142 1668 17 elapsed elapse VBD 39142 1668 18 while while IN 39142 1668 19 she -PRON- PRP 39142 1668 20 is be VBZ 39142 1668 21 traveling travel VBG 39142 1668 22 eastward eastward RB 39142 1668 23 from from IN 39142 1668 24 a a DT 39142 1668 25 given give VBN 39142 1668 26 star star NN 39142 1668 27 around around RB 39142 1668 28 to to IN 39142 1668 29 coincidence coincidence NN 39142 1668 30 with with IN 39142 1668 31 the the DT 39142 1668 32 same same JJ 39142 1668 33 star star NN 39142 1668 34 again again RB 39142 1668 35 . . . 39142 1669 1 If if IN 39142 1669 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1669 3 study study VBP 39142 1669 4 the the DT 39142 1669 5 moon moon NN 39142 1669 6 's 's POS 39142 1669 7 path path NN 39142 1669 8 in in IN 39142 1669 9 the the DT 39142 1669 10 sky sky NN 39142 1669 11 more more RBR 39142 1669 12 critically critically RB 39142 1669 13 , , , 39142 1669 14 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1669 15 shall shall MD 39142 1669 16 find find VB 39142 1669 17 that that IN 39142 1669 18 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1669 19 does do VBZ 39142 1669 20 not not RB 39142 1669 21 quite quite RB 39142 1669 22 follow follow VB 39142 1669 23 the the DT 39142 1669 24 ecliptic ecliptic JJ 39142 1669 25 , , , 39142 1669 26 or or CC 39142 1669 27 the the DT 39142 1669 28 sun sun NN 39142 1669 29 's 's POS 39142 1669 30 path path NN 39142 1669 31 , , , 39142 1669 32 but but CC 39142 1669 33 that that IN 39142 1669 34 twice twice PDT 39142 1669 35 each each DT 39142 1669 36 month month NN 39142 1669 37 she -PRON- PRP 39142 1669 38 deviates deviate VBZ 39142 1669 39 from from IN 39142 1669 40 the the DT 39142 1669 41 ecliptic ecliptic NN 39142 1669 42 , , , 39142 1669 43 once once RB 39142 1669 44 to to IN 39142 1669 45 the the DT 39142 1669 46 north north NN 39142 1669 47 and and CC 39142 1669 48 once once RB 39142 1669 49 to to IN 39142 1669 50 the the DT 39142 1669 51 south south NN 39142 1669 52 of of IN 39142 1669 53 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1669 54 , , , 39142 1669 55 by by IN 39142 1669 56 roughly roughly RB 39142 1669 57 ten ten CD 39142 1669 58 times time NNS 39142 1669 59 her -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1669 60 own own JJ 39142 1669 61 breadth breadth NN 39142 1669 62 . . . 39142 1670 1 More more RBR 39142 1670 2 accurately accurately RB 39142 1670 3 this this DT 39142 1670 4 angle angle NN 39142 1670 5 is be VBZ 39142 1670 6 5 5 CD 39142 1670 7 ° ° NNS 39142 1670 8 8'40 8'40 NN 39142 1670 9 " " '' 39142 1670 10 , , , 39142 1670 11 an an DT 39142 1670 12 almost almost RB 39142 1670 13 invariable invariable JJ 39142 1670 14 quantity quantity NN 39142 1670 15 , , , 39142 1670 16 and and CC 39142 1670 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1670 18 is be VBZ 39142 1670 19 therefore therefore RB 39142 1670 20 known know VBN 39142 1670 21 as as IN 39142 1670 22 an an DT 39142 1670 23 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 1670 24 constant constant NN 39142 1670 25 , , , 39142 1670 26 or or CC 39142 1670 27 the the DT 39142 1670 28 inclination inclination NN 39142 1670 29 of of IN 39142 1670 30 the the DT 39142 1670 31 moon moon NN 39142 1670 32 's 's POS 39142 1670 33 orbit orbit NN 39142 1670 34 to to IN 39142 1670 35 the the DT 39142 1670 36 ecliptic ecliptic NN 39142 1670 37 . . . 39142 1671 1 So so RB 39142 1671 2 the the DT 39142 1671 3 moon moon NN 39142 1671 4 's 's POS 39142 1671 5 orbit orbit NN 39142 1671 6 must must MD 39142 1671 7 intersect intersect VB 39142 1671 8 the the DT 39142 1671 9 ecliptic ecliptic NN 39142 1671 10 , , , 39142 1671 11 and and CC 39142 1671 12 as as IN 39142 1671 13 both both DT 39142 1671 14 are be VBP 39142 1671 15 great great JJ 39142 1671 16 circles circle NNS 39142 1671 17 in in IN 39142 1671 18 the the DT 39142 1671 19 sky sky NN 39142 1671 20 , , , 39142 1671 21 the the DT 39142 1671 22 points point NNS 39142 1671 23 of of IN 39142 1671 24 intersection intersection NN 39142 1671 25 are be VBP 39142 1671 26 known know VBN 39142 1671 27 as as IN 39142 1671 28 the the DT 39142 1671 29 moon moon NN 39142 1671 30 's 's POS 39142 1671 31 nodes node NNS 39142 1671 32 , , , 39142 1671 33 one one CD 39142 1671 34 ascending ascending NN 39142 1671 35 and and CC 39142 1671 36 the the DT 39142 1671 37 other other JJ 39142 1671 38 descending descending NN 39142 1671 39 , , , 39142 1671 40 and and CC 39142 1671 41 the the DT 39142 1671 42 nodes node NNS 39142 1671 43 are be VBP 39142 1671 44 180 180 CD 39142 1671 45 degrees degree NNS 39142 1671 46 apart apart RB 39142 1671 47 . . . 39142 1672 1 The the DT 39142 1672 2 figure figure NN 39142 1672 3 of of IN 39142 1672 4 the the DT 39142 1672 5 moon moon NN 39142 1672 6 's 's POS 39142 1672 7 orbit orbit NN 39142 1672 8 is be VBZ 39142 1672 9 not not RB 39142 1672 10 circular circular JJ 39142 1672 11 , , , 39142 1672 12 although although IN 39142 1672 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1672 14 deviates deviate VBZ 39142 1672 15 only only RB 39142 1672 16 slightly slightly RB 39142 1672 17 from from IN 39142 1672 18 that that DT 39142 1672 19 form form NN 39142 1672 20 . . . 39142 1673 1 But but CC 39142 1673 2 like like IN 39142 1673 3 the the DT 39142 1673 4 paths path NNS 39142 1673 5 of of IN 39142 1673 6 all all DT 39142 1673 7 other other JJ 39142 1673 8 satellites satellite NNS 39142 1673 9 round round VBP 39142 1673 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1673 11 primary primary JJ 39142 1673 12 planets planet NNS 39142 1673 13 , , , 39142 1673 14 and and CC 39142 1673 15 of of IN 39142 1673 16 the the DT 39142 1673 17 planets planet NNS 39142 1673 18 themselves -PRON- PRP 39142 1673 19 round round VBP 39142 1673 20 the the DT 39142 1673 21 sun sun NN 39142 1673 22 , , , 39142 1673 23 the the DT 39142 1673 24 moon moon NN 39142 1673 25 's 's POS 39142 1673 26 orbit orbit NN 39142 1673 27 is be VBZ 39142 1673 28 also also RB 39142 1673 29 an an DT 39142 1673 30 ellipse ellipse NN 39142 1673 31 . . . 39142 1674 1 The the DT 39142 1674 2 distance distance NN 39142 1674 3 of of IN 39142 1674 4 the the DT 39142 1674 5 moon moon NN 39142 1674 6 's 's POS 39142 1674 7 center center NN 39142 1674 8 from from IN 39142 1674 9 the the DT 39142 1674 10 earth earth NN 39142 1674 11 's 's POS 39142 1674 12 center center NN 39142 1674 13 is be VBZ 39142 1674 14 therefore therefore RB 39142 1674 15 perpetually perpetually RB 39142 1674 16 changing change VBG 39142 1674 17 ; ; : 39142 1674 18 the the DT 39142 1674 19 point point NN 39142 1674 20 of of IN 39142 1674 21 nearest near JJS 39142 1674 22 approach approach NN 39142 1674 23 is be VBZ 39142 1674 24 called call VBN 39142 1674 25 perigee perigee NNP 39142 1674 26 , , , 39142 1674 27 and and CC 39142 1674 28 that that DT 39142 1674 29 of of IN 39142 1674 30 farthest farthest JJ 39142 1674 31 recession recession NN 39142 1674 32 , , , 39142 1674 33 apogee apogee NNP 39142 1674 34 . . . 39142 1675 1 The the DT 39142 1675 2 moon moon NN 39142 1675 3 's 's POS 39142 1675 4 distance distance NN 39142 1675 5 from from IN 39142 1675 6 the the DT 39142 1675 7 earth earth NN 39142 1675 8 is be VBZ 39142 1675 9 easier easy JJR 39142 1675 10 and and CC 39142 1675 11 simpler simple JJR 39142 1675 12 to to TO 39142 1675 13 be be VB 39142 1675 14 ascertained ascertain VBN 39142 1675 15 than than IN 39142 1675 16 that that DT 39142 1675 17 of of IN 39142 1675 18 any any DT 39142 1675 19 other other JJ 39142 1675 20 heavenly heavenly JJ 39142 1675 21 body body NN 39142 1675 22 , , , 39142 1675 23 because because IN 39142 1675 24 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1675 25 is be VBZ 39142 1675 26 the the DT 39142 1675 27 nearest near JJS 39142 1675 28 . . . 39142 1676 1 An an DT 39142 1676 2 outline outline NN 39142 1676 3 of of IN 39142 1676 4 the the DT 39142 1676 5 method method NN 39142 1676 6 of of IN 39142 1676 7 finding find VBG 39142 1676 8 this this DT 39142 1676 9 distance distance NN 39142 1676 10 is be VBZ 39142 1676 11 not not RB 39142 1676 12 difficult difficult JJ 39142 1676 13 to to TO 39142 1676 14 present present VB 39142 1676 15 ; ; : 39142 1676 16 and and CC 39142 1676 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1676 18 resembles resemble VBZ 39142 1676 19 in in IN 39142 1676 20 every every DT 39142 1676 21 particular particular JJ 39142 1676 22 the the DT 39142 1676 23 method method NN 39142 1676 24 a a DT 39142 1676 25 surveyor surveyor NN 39142 1676 26 uses use VBZ 39142 1676 27 to to TO 39142 1676 28 find find VB 39142 1676 29 the the DT 39142 1676 30 distance distance NN 39142 1676 31 of of IN 39142 1676 32 some some DT 39142 1676 33 inaccessible inaccessible JJ 39142 1676 34 point point NN 39142 1676 35 which which WDT 39142 1676 36 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1676 37 can can MD 39142 1676 38 not not RB 39142 1676 39 measure measure VB 39142 1676 40 directly directly RB 39142 1676 41 . . . 39142 1677 1 Up up IN 39142 1677 2 and and CC 39142 1677 3 down down IN 39142 1677 4 a a DT 39142 1677 5 stream stream NN 39142 1677 6 , , , 39142 1677 7 for for IN 39142 1677 8 example example NN 39142 1677 9 , , , 39142 1677 10 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1677 11 measures measure VBZ 39142 1677 12 the the DT 39142 1677 13 length length NN 39142 1677 14 of of IN 39142 1677 15 a a DT 39142 1677 16 line line NN 39142 1677 17 , , , 39142 1677 18 and and CC 39142 1677 19 from from IN 39142 1677 20 each each DT 39142 1677 21 end end NN 39142 1677 22 of of IN 39142 1677 23 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1677 24 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1677 25 measures measure VBZ 39142 1677 26 the the DT 39142 1677 27 angle angle NN 39142 1677 28 between between IN 39142 1677 29 the the DT 39142 1677 30 other other JJ 39142 1677 31 end end NN 39142 1677 32 of of IN 39142 1677 33 the the DT 39142 1677 34 line line NN 39142 1677 35 and and CC 39142 1677 36 the the DT 39142 1677 37 object object NN 39142 1677 38 on on IN 39142 1677 39 the the DT 39142 1677 40 opposite opposite JJ 39142 1677 41 side side NN 39142 1677 42 of of IN 39142 1677 43 the the DT 39142 1677 44 stream stream NN 39142 1677 45 whose whose WP$ 39142 1677 46 distance distance NN 39142 1677 47 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1677 48 wishes wish VBZ 39142 1677 49 to to TO 39142 1677 50 find find VB 39142 1677 51 out out RP 39142 1677 52 . . . 39142 1678 1 Then then RB 39142 1678 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1678 3 applies apply VBZ 39142 1678 4 the the DT 39142 1678 5 science science NN 39142 1678 6 of of IN 39142 1678 7 trigonometry trigonometry NN 39142 1678 8 to to IN 39142 1678 9 these these DT 39142 1678 10 three three CD 39142 1678 11 measures measure NNS 39142 1678 12 , , , 39142 1678 13 two two CD 39142 1678 14 of of IN 39142 1678 15 angles angle NNS 39142 1678 16 and and CC 39142 1678 17 one one CD 39142 1678 18 the the DT 39142 1678 19 length length NN 39142 1678 20 of of IN 39142 1678 21 the the DT 39142 1678 22 side side NN 39142 1678 23 or or CC 39142 1678 24 base base NN 39142 1678 25 included include VBN 39142 1678 26 between between IN 39142 1678 27 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1678 28 , , , 39142 1678 29 and and CC 39142 1678 30 a a DT 39142 1678 31 few few JJ 39142 1678 32 minutes minute NNS 39142 1678 33 ' ' POS 39142 1678 34 calculation calculation NN 39142 1678 35 gives give VBZ 39142 1678 36 the the DT 39142 1678 37 distance distance NN 39142 1678 38 of of IN 39142 1678 39 the the DT 39142 1678 40 inaccessible inaccessible JJ 39142 1678 41 object object NN 39142 1678 42 from from IN 39142 1678 43 either either DT 39142 1678 44 end end NN 39142 1678 45 of of IN 39142 1678 46 the the DT 39142 1678 47 base base NN 39142 1678 48 line line NN 39142 1678 49 . . . 39142 1679 1 Now now RB 39142 1679 2 in in IN 39142 1679 3 like like JJ 39142 1679 4 manner manner NN 39142 1679 5 , , , 39142 1679 6 to to TO 39142 1679 7 transfer transfer VB 39142 1679 8 the the DT 39142 1679 9 process process NN 39142 1679 10 to to IN 39142 1679 11 the the DT 39142 1679 12 sky sky NN 39142 1679 13 , , , 39142 1679 14 let let VB 39142 1679 15 the the DT 39142 1679 16 two two CD 39142 1679 17 ends end NNS 39142 1679 18 of of IN 39142 1679 19 the the DT 39142 1679 20 base base NN 39142 1679 21 be be VB 39142 1679 22 represented represent VBN 39142 1679 23 by by IN 39142 1679 24 two two CD 39142 1679 25 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 1679 26 observatories observatory NNS 39142 1679 27 , , , 39142 1679 28 for for IN 39142 1679 29 example example NN 39142 1679 30 , , , 39142 1679 31 Greenwich Greenwich NNP 39142 1679 32 in in IN 39142 1679 33 the the DT 39142 1679 34 northern northern JJ 39142 1679 35 hemisphere hemisphere NN 39142 1679 36 and and CC 39142 1679 37 Cape Cape NNP 39142 1679 38 Town Town NNP 39142 1679 39 in in IN 39142 1679 40 the the DT 39142 1679 41 southern southern NN 39142 1679 42 . . . 39142 1680 1 The the DT 39142 1680 2 base base NN 39142 1680 3 line line NN 39142 1680 4 is be VBZ 39142 1680 5 the the DT 39142 1680 6 chord chord NN 39142 1680 7 or or CC 39142 1680 8 straight straight JJ 39142 1680 9 line line NN 39142 1680 10 through through IN 39142 1680 11 the the DT 39142 1680 12 earth earth NN 39142 1680 13 connecting connect VBG 39142 1680 14 the the DT 39142 1680 15 two two CD 39142 1680 16 observatories observatory NNS 39142 1680 17 , , , 39142 1680 18 and and CC 39142 1680 19 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1680 20 know know VBP 39142 1680 21 the the DT 39142 1680 22 length length NN 39142 1680 23 of of IN 39142 1680 24 this this DT 39142 1680 25 line line NN 39142 1680 26 pretty pretty RB 39142 1680 27 accurately accurately RB 39142 1680 28 , , , 39142 1680 29 because because IN 39142 1680 30 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1680 31 know know VBP 39142 1680 32 the the DT 39142 1680 33 size size NN 39142 1680 34 of of IN 39142 1680 35 the the DT 39142 1680 36 earth earth NN 39142 1680 37 . . . 39142 1681 1 The the DT 39142 1681 2 angles angle NNS 39142 1681 3 measured measure VBN 39142 1681 4 are be VBP 39142 1681 5 somewhat somewhat RB 39142 1681 6 different different JJ 39142 1681 7 from from IN 39142 1681 8 those those DT 39142 1681 9 in in IN 39142 1681 10 the the DT 39142 1681 11 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 39142 1681 12 example example NN 39142 1681 13 , , , 39142 1681 14 but but CC 39142 1681 15 the the DT 39142 1681 16 process process NN 39142 1681 17 amounts amount VBZ 39142 1681 18 to to IN 39142 1681 19 the the DT 39142 1681 20 same same JJ 39142 1681 21 thing thing NN 39142 1681 22 because because IN 39142 1681 23 the the DT 39142 1681 24 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1681 25 at at IN 39142 1681 26 the the DT 39142 1681 27 two two CD 39142 1681 28 observatories observatory NNS 39142 1681 29 measure measure VBP 39142 1681 30 the the DT 39142 1681 31 angular angular JJ 39142 1681 32 distance distance NN 39142 1681 33 of of IN 39142 1681 34 the the DT 39142 1681 35 center center NN 39142 1681 36 of of IN 39142 1681 37 the the DT 39142 1681 38 moon moon NN 39142 1681 39 from from IN 39142 1681 40 the the DT 39142 1681 41 zenith zenith NN 39142 1681 42 , , , 39142 1681 43 each each DT 39142 1681 44 using use VBG 39142 1681 45 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1681 46 own own JJ 39142 1681 47 zenith zenith NN 39142 1681 48 at at IN 39142 1681 49 the the DT 39142 1681 50 same same JJ 39142 1681 51 time time NN 39142 1681 52 ; ; : 39142 1681 53 and and CC 39142 1681 54 the the DT 39142 1681 55 same same JJ 39142 1681 56 science science NN 39142 1681 57 of of IN 39142 1681 58 trigonometry trigonometry NN 39142 1681 59 enables enable VBZ 39142 1681 60 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1681 61 to to TO 39142 1681 62 figure figure VB 39142 1681 63 out out RP 39142 1681 64 the the DT 39142 1681 65 length length NN 39142 1681 66 of of IN 39142 1681 67 any any DT 39142 1681 68 side side NN 39142 1681 69 of of IN 39142 1681 70 the the DT 39142 1681 71 triangles triangle NNS 39142 1681 72 involved involve VBN 39142 1681 73 . . . 39142 1682 1 The the DT 39142 1682 2 side side NN 39142 1682 3 which which WDT 39142 1682 4 belongs belong VBZ 39142 1682 5 to to IN 39142 1682 6 both both DT 39142 1682 7 triangles triangle NNS 39142 1682 8 is be VBZ 39142 1682 9 the the DT 39142 1682 10 distance distance NN 39142 1682 11 from from IN 39142 1682 12 the the DT 39142 1682 13 center center NN 39142 1682 14 of of IN 39142 1682 15 the the DT 39142 1682 16 earth earth NN 39142 1682 17 to to IN 39142 1682 18 the the DT 39142 1682 19 center center NN 39142 1682 20 of of IN 39142 1682 21 the the DT 39142 1682 22 moon moon NN 39142 1682 23 , , , 39142 1682 24 and and CC 39142 1682 25 the the DT 39142 1682 26 average average NN 39142 1682 27 of of IN 39142 1682 28 many many JJ 39142 1682 29 hundred hundred CD 39142 1682 30 measures measure NNS 39142 1682 31 of of IN 39142 1682 32 this this DT 39142 1682 33 gives give VBZ 39142 1682 34 238,800 238,800 CD 39142 1682 35 miles mile NNS 39142 1682 36 , , , 39142 1682 37 or or CC 39142 1682 38 about about RB 39142 1682 39 ten ten CD 39142 1682 40 times time NNS 39142 1682 41 the the DT 39142 1682 42 distance distance NN 39142 1682 43 round round IN 39142 1682 44 the the DT 39142 1682 45 equator equator NN 39142 1682 46 of of IN 39142 1682 47 the the DT 39142 1682 48 earth earth NN 39142 1682 49 . . . 39142 1683 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 1683 2 have have VBP 39142 1683 3 said say VBN 39142 1683 4 that that IN 39142 1683 5 the the DT 39142 1683 6 orbit orbit NN 39142 1683 7 in in IN 39142 1683 8 which which WDT 39142 1683 9 the the DT 39142 1683 10 moon moon NN 39142 1683 11 travels travel VBZ 39142 1683 12 round round IN 39142 1683 13 the the DT 39142 1683 14 earth earth NN 39142 1683 15 is be VBZ 39142 1683 16 practically practically RB 39142 1683 17 a a DT 39142 1683 18 circle circle NN 39142 1683 19 , , , 39142 1683 20 but but CC 39142 1683 21 the the DT 39142 1683 22 earth earth NN 39142 1683 23 's 's POS 39142 1683 24 center center NN 39142 1683 25 is be VBZ 39142 1683 26 found find VBN 39142 1683 27 not not RB 39142 1683 28 at at IN 39142 1683 29 the the DT 39142 1683 30 center center NN 39142 1683 31 of of IN 39142 1683 32 this this DT 39142 1683 33 orbit orbit NN 39142 1683 34 , , , 39142 1683 35 but but CC 39142 1683 36 set set VBN 39142 1683 37 to to IN 39142 1683 38 one one CD 39142 1683 39 side side NN 39142 1683 40 , , , 39142 1683 41 or or CC 39142 1683 42 eccentrically eccentrically RB 39142 1683 43 , , , 39142 1683 44 so so IN 39142 1683 45 that that IN 39142 1683 46 the the DT 39142 1683 47 distance distance NN 39142 1683 48 spanning span VBG 39142 1683 49 the the DT 39142 1683 50 centers center NNS 39142 1683 51 of of IN 39142 1683 52 the the DT 39142 1683 53 two two CD 39142 1683 54 bodies body NNS 39142 1683 55 is be VBZ 39142 1683 56 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 1683 57 as as RB 39142 1683 58 small small JJ 39142 1683 59 as as IN 39142 1683 60 221,610 221,610 CD 39142 1683 61 miles mile NNS 39142 1683 62 at at IN 39142 1683 63 perigee perigee NNP 39142 1683 64 , , , 39142 1683 65 and and CC 39142 1683 66 252,970 252,970 CD 39142 1683 67 miles mile NNS 39142 1683 68 at at IN 39142 1683 69 apogee apogee NN 39142 1683 70 . . . 39142 1684 1 The the DT 39142 1684 2 moon moon NN 39142 1684 3 's 's POS 39142 1684 4 speed speed NN 39142 1684 5 in in IN 39142 1684 6 this this DT 39142 1684 7 orbit orbit NN 39142 1684 8 averages average NNS 39142 1684 9 rather rather RB 39142 1684 10 more more JJR 39142 1684 11 than than IN 39142 1684 12 half half PDT 39142 1684 13 a a DT 39142 1684 14 mile mile NN 39142 1684 15 every every DT 39142 1684 16 second second NN 39142 1684 17 of of IN 39142 1684 18 time time NN 39142 1684 19 -- -- : 39142 1684 20 more more RBR 39142 1684 21 accurately accurately RB 39142 1684 22 3,350 3,350 CD 39142 1684 23 feet foot NNS 39142 1684 24 a a DT 39142 1684 25 second second JJ 39142 1684 26 , , , 39142 1684 27 or or CC 39142 1684 28 2,290 2,290 CD 39142 1684 29 miles mile NNS 39142 1684 30 per per IN 39142 1684 31 hour hour NN 39142 1684 32 . . . 39142 1685 1 Once once IN 39142 1685 2 the the DT 39142 1685 3 moon moon NN 39142 1685 4 's 's POS 39142 1685 5 distance distance NN 39142 1685 6 is be VBZ 39142 1685 7 known know VBN 39142 1685 8 , , , 39142 1685 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1685 10 size size NN 39142 1685 11 or or CC 39142 1685 12 diameter diameter NN 39142 1685 13 is be VBZ 39142 1685 14 easy easy JJ 39142 1685 15 to to TO 39142 1685 16 ascertain ascertain VB 39142 1685 17 . . . 39142 1686 1 An an DT 39142 1686 2 angular angular JJ 39142 1686 3 measure measure NN 39142 1686 4 is be VBZ 39142 1686 5 necessary necessary JJ 39142 1686 6 , , , 39142 1686 7 of of IN 39142 1686 8 course course NN 39142 1686 9 , , , 39142 1686 10 that that DT 39142 1686 11 of of IN 39142 1686 12 the the DT 39142 1686 13 angle angle NN 39142 1686 14 which which WDT 39142 1686 15 the the DT 39142 1686 16 disk disk NN 39142 1686 17 of of IN 39142 1686 18 the the DT 39142 1686 19 moon moon NN 39142 1686 20 fills fill VBZ 39142 1686 21 as as IN 39142 1686 22 seen see VBN 39142 1686 23 from from IN 39142 1686 24 the the DT 39142 1686 25 earth earth NN 39142 1686 26 . . . 39142 1687 1 There there EX 39142 1687 2 are be VBP 39142 1687 3 many many JJ 39142 1687 4 types type NNS 39142 1687 5 of of IN 39142 1687 6 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 1687 7 instruments instrument NNS 39142 1687 8 with with IN 39142 1687 9 which which WDT 39142 1687 10 this this DT 39142 1687 11 angle angle NN 39142 1687 12 can can MD 39142 1687 13 be be VB 39142 1687 14 measured measure VBN 39142 1687 15 , , , 39142 1687 16 and and CC 39142 1687 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1687 18 value value NN 39142 1687 19 is be VBZ 39142 1687 20 something something NN 39142 1687 21 more more JJR 39142 1687 22 than than IN 39142 1687 23 half half PDT 39142 1687 24 a a DT 39142 1687 25 degree degree NN 39142 1687 26 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1687 27 31'7 31'7 NN 39142 1687 28 " " '' 39142 1687 29 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1687 30 . . . 39142 1688 1 The the DT 39142 1688 2 moon moon NN 39142 1688 3 's 's POS 39142 1688 4 actual actual JJ 39142 1688 5 diameter diameter NN 39142 1688 6 figures figure VBZ 39142 1688 7 out out RP 39142 1688 8 from from IN 39142 1688 9 this this DT 39142 1688 10 2,163 2,163 CD 39142 1688 11 miles mile NNS 39142 1688 12 ; ; : 39142 1688 13 and and CC 39142 1688 14 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1688 15 would would MD 39142 1688 16 therefore therefore RB 39142 1688 17 require require VB 39142 1688 18 nearly nearly RB 39142 1688 19 fifty fifty CD 39142 1688 20 moons moon NNS 39142 1688 21 merged merge VBN 39142 1688 22 in in IN 39142 1688 23 one one PRP 39142 1688 24 to to TO 39142 1688 25 make make VB 39142 1688 26 a a DT 39142 1688 27 ball ball NN 39142 1688 28 the the DT 39142 1688 29 size size NN 39142 1688 30 of of IN 39142 1688 31 the the DT 39142 1688 32 earth earth NN 39142 1688 33 . . . 39142 1689 1 Still still RB 39142 1689 2 , , , 39142 1689 3 no no DT 39142 1689 4 other other JJ 39142 1689 5 planet planet NN 39142 1689 6 has have VBZ 39142 1689 7 a a DT 39142 1689 8 satellite satellite NN 39142 1689 9 as as IN 39142 1689 10 large large JJ 39142 1689 11 in in IN 39142 1689 12 proportion proportion NN 39142 1689 13 to to IN 39142 1689 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1689 15 primary primary NN 39142 1689 16 as as IN 39142 1689 17 the the DT 39142 1689 18 moon moon NN 39142 1689 19 is be VBZ 39142 1689 20 in in IN 39142 1689 21 relation relation NN 39142 1689 22 to to IN 39142 1689 23 the the DT 39142 1689 24 earth earth NN 39142 1689 25 . . . 39142 1690 1 But but CC 39142 1690 2 the the DT 39142 1690 3 materials material NNS 39142 1690 4 that that WDT 39142 1690 5 compose compose VBP 39142 1690 6 the the DT 39142 1690 7 moon moon NN 39142 1690 8 have have VB 39142 1690 9 less less JJR 39142 1690 10 than than IN 39142 1690 11 two two CD 39142 1690 12 - - HYPH 39142 1690 13 thirds third NNS 39142 1690 14 the the DT 39142 1690 15 average average JJ 39142 1690 16 density density NN 39142 1690 17 of of IN 39142 1690 18 those those DT 39142 1690 19 that that WDT 39142 1690 20 make make VBP 39142 1690 21 up up RP 39142 1690 22 the the DT 39142 1690 23 earth earth NN 39142 1690 24 , , , 39142 1690 25 so so IN 39142 1690 26 that that IN 39142 1690 27 eighty eighty CD 39142 1690 28 - - HYPH 39142 1690 29 one one CD 39142 1690 30 moons moon NNS 39142 1690 31 fused fuse VBN 39142 1690 32 together together RB 39142 1690 33 would would MD 39142 1690 34 be be VB 39142 1690 35 necessary necessary JJ 39142 1690 36 to to TO 39142 1690 37 equal equal VB 39142 1690 38 the the DT 39142 1690 39 mass mass NN 39142 1690 40 or or CC 39142 1690 41 weight weight NN 39142 1690 42 of of IN 39142 1690 43 the the DT 39142 1690 44 earth earth NN 39142 1690 45 . . . 39142 1691 1 If if IN 39142 1691 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1691 3 figure figure VBP 39142 1691 4 out out RP 39142 1691 5 the the DT 39142 1691 6 force force NN 39142 1691 7 of of IN 39142 1691 8 attraction attraction NN 39142 1691 9 of of IN 39142 1691 10 the the DT 39142 1691 11 moon moon NN 39142 1691 12 for for IN 39142 1691 13 bodies body NNS 39142 1691 14 on on IN 39142 1691 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1691 16 surface surface NN 39142 1691 17 , , , 39142 1691 18 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1691 19 find find VBP 39142 1691 20 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1691 21 equals equal VBZ 39142 1691 22 about about RB 39142 1691 23 one one CD 39142 1691 24 - - HYPH 39142 1691 25 sixth sixth NN 39142 1691 26 that that DT 39142 1691 27 of of IN 39142 1691 28 the the DT 39142 1691 29 earth earth NN 39142 1691 30 . . . 39142 1692 1 Athletes athlete NNS 39142 1692 2 could could MD 39142 1692 3 perform perform VB 39142 1692 4 some some DT 39142 1692 5 astounding astounding JJ 39142 1692 6 feats feat NNS 39142 1692 7 there there RB 39142 1692 8 -- -- : 39142 1692 9 miracles miracle NNS 39142 1692 10 of of IN 39142 1692 11 high high JJ 39142 1692 12 jump jump NN 39142 1692 13 and and CC 39142 1692 14 hammer hammer NN 39142 1692 15 - - HYPH 39142 1692 16 throw throw NN 39142 1692 17 . . . 39142 1693 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1693 2 interest interest NN 39142 1693 3 in in IN 39142 1693 4 the the DT 39142 1693 5 moon moon NN 39142 1693 6 's 's POS 39142 1693 7 physical physical JJ 39142 1693 8 characteristics characteristic NNS 39142 1693 9 never never RB 39142 1693 10 wanes wane VBZ 39142 1693 11 . . . 39142 1694 1 Her -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1694 2 nearness nearness NN 39142 1694 3 to to IN 39142 1694 4 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1694 5 has have VBZ 39142 1694 6 always always RB 39142 1694 7 fascinated fascinate VBN 39142 1694 8 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 1694 9 and and CC 39142 1694 10 layman layman NNP 39142 1694 11 alike alike RB 39142 1694 12 . . . 39142 1695 1 Early early JJ 39142 1695 2 users user NNS 39142 1695 3 of of IN 39142 1695 4 the the DT 39142 1695 5 telescope telescope NN 39142 1695 6 were be VBD 39142 1695 7 readily readily RB 39142 1695 8 led lead VBN 39142 1695 9 into into IN 39142 1695 10 error error NN 39142 1695 11 regarding regard VBG 39142 1695 12 the the DT 39142 1695 13 general general JJ 39142 1695 14 characteristics characteristic NNS 39142 1695 15 of of IN 39142 1695 16 the the DT 39142 1695 17 lunar lunar JJ 39142 1695 18 surface surface NN 39142 1695 19 ; ; : 39142 1695 20 and and CC 39142 1695 21 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1695 22 is be VBZ 39142 1695 23 easy easy JJ 39142 1695 24 to to TO 39142 1695 25 see see VB 39142 1695 26 why why WRB 39142 1695 27 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1695 28 thought think VBD 39142 1695 29 the the DT 39142 1695 30 smooth smooth JJ 39142 1695 31 level level NN 39142 1695 32 planes plane NNS 39142 1695 33 must must MD 39142 1695 34 be be VB 39142 1695 35 seas sea NNS 39142 1695 36 , , , 39142 1695 37 and and CC 39142 1695 38 gave give VBD 39142 1695 39 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1695 40 names name NNS 39142 1695 41 to to IN 39142 1695 42 that that DT 39142 1695 43 effect effect NN 39142 1695 44 which which WDT 39142 1695 45 persist persist VBP 39142 1695 46 to to IN 39142 1695 47 - - HYPH 39142 1695 48 day day NN 39142 1695 49 , , , 39142 1695 50 as as IN 39142 1695 51 Mare Mare NNP 39142 1695 52 Crisium Crisium NNP 39142 1695 53 , , , 39142 1695 54 Mare Mare NNP 39142 1695 55 Serenitatis Serenitatis NNP 39142 1695 56 and and CC 39142 1695 57 so so RB 39142 1695 58 on on RB 39142 1695 59 . . . 39142 1696 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 1696 2 may may MD 39142 1696 3 be be VB 39142 1696 4 sure sure JJ 39142 1696 5 that that IN 39142 1696 6 no no DT 39142 1696 7 water water NN 39142 1696 8 exists exist VBZ 39142 1696 9 on on IN 39142 1696 10 the the DT 39142 1696 11 moon moon NN 39142 1696 12 's 's POS 39142 1696 13 surface surface NN 39142 1696 14 , , , 39142 1696 15 although although IN 39142 1696 16 some some DT 39142 1696 17 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1696 18 think think VBP 39142 1696 19 that that IN 39142 1696 20 solid solid JJ 39142 1696 21 water water NN 39142 1696 22 , , , 39142 1696 23 as as IN 39142 1696 24 ice ice NN 39142 1696 25 or or CC 39142 1696 26 snow snow NN 39142 1696 27 , , , 39142 1696 28 may may MD 39142 1696 29 still still RB 39142 1696 30 exist exist VB 39142 1696 31 there there RB 39142 1696 32 at at IN 39142 1696 33 a a DT 39142 1696 34 temperature temperature NN 39142 1696 35 too too RB 39142 1696 36 low low JJ 39142 1696 37 for for IN 39142 1696 38 appreciable appreciable JJ 39142 1696 39 evaporation evaporation NN 39142 1696 40 . . . 39142 1697 1 Perhaps perhaps RB 39142 1697 2 water water NN 39142 1697 3 , , , 39142 1697 4 seas sea NNS 39142 1697 5 , , , 39142 1697 6 and and CC 39142 1697 7 oceans ocean NNS 39142 1697 8 were be VBD 39142 1697 9 once once RB 39142 1697 10 there there RB 39142 1697 11 , , , 39142 1697 12 but but CC 39142 1697 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1697 14 secular secular JJ 39142 1697 15 dissemination dissemination NN 39142 1697 16 and and CC 39142 1697 17 loss loss NN 39142 1697 18 as as IN 39142 1697 19 vapor vapor NN 39142 1697 20 have have VBP 39142 1697 21 gone go VBN 39142 1697 22 on on RP 39142 1697 23 through through IN 39142 1697 24 the the DT 39142 1697 25 millions million NNS 39142 1697 26 of of IN 39142 1697 27 millions million NNS 39142 1697 28 of of IN 39142 1697 29 years year NNS 39142 1697 30 till till IN 39142 1697 31 even even RB 39142 1697 32 the the DT 39142 1697 33 moon moon NN 39142 1697 34 's 's POS 39142 1697 35 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1697 36 appears appear VBZ 39142 1697 37 to to TO 39142 1697 38 have have VB 39142 1697 39 vanished vanish VBN 39142 1697 40 completely completely RB 39142 1697 41 . . . 39142 1698 1 At at IN 39142 1698 2 least least JJS 39142 1698 3 there there EX 39142 1698 4 is be VBZ 39142 1698 5 much much RB 39142 1698 6 better well JJR 39142 1698 7 evidence evidence NN 39142 1698 8 of of IN 39142 1698 9 absence absence NN 39142 1698 10 of of IN 39142 1698 11 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1698 12 on on IN 39142 1698 13 the the DT 39142 1698 14 moon moon NN 39142 1698 15 than than IN 39142 1698 16 of of IN 39142 1698 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1698 18 presence presence NN 39142 1698 19 -- -- : 39142 1698 20 not not RB 39142 1698 21 enough enough RB 39142 1698 22 at at IN 39142 1698 23 any any DT 39142 1698 24 rate rate NN 39142 1698 25 to to TO 39142 1698 26 equal equal VB 39142 1698 27 a a DT 39142 1698 28 thousandth thousandth JJ 39142 1698 29 part part NN 39142 1698 30 of of IN 39142 1698 31 the the DT 39142 1698 32 barometric barometric JJ 39142 1698 33 pressure pressure NN 39142 1698 34 that that WDT 39142 1698 35 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1698 36 have have VBP 39142 1698 37 at at IN 39142 1698 38 the the DT 39142 1698 39 earth earth NN 39142 1698 40 's 's POS 39142 1698 41 surface surface NN 39142 1698 42 . . . 39142 1699 1 Frequent frequent JJ 39142 1699 2 observations observation NNS 39142 1699 3 of of IN 39142 1699 4 stars star NNS 39142 1699 5 passing pass VBG 39142 1699 6 behind behind IN 39142 1699 7 the the DT 39142 1699 8 moon moon NN 39142 1699 9 in in IN 39142 1699 10 occultation occultation NN 39142 1699 11 have have VBP 39142 1699 12 satisfied satisfied JJ 39142 1699 13 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1699 14 on on IN 39142 1699 15 this this DT 39142 1699 16 point point NN 39142 1699 17 . . . 39142 1700 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 1700 2 often often RB 39142 1700 3 say say VBP 39142 1700 4 of of IN 39142 1700 5 the the DT 39142 1700 6 brilliant brilliant JJ 39142 1700 7 full full JJ 39142 1700 8 moon moon NN 39142 1700 9 , , , 39142 1700 10 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1700 11 is be VBZ 39142 1700 12 as as RB 39142 1700 13 bright bright JJ 39142 1700 14 as as IN 39142 1700 15 day day NN 39142 1700 16 . . . 39142 1701 1 The the DT 39142 1701 2 photometer photometer NN 39142 1701 3 or or CC 39142 1701 4 instrument instrument NN 39142 1701 5 for for IN 39142 1701 6 accurate accurate JJ 39142 1701 7 comparison comparison NN 39142 1701 8 of of IN 39142 1701 9 lights light NNS 39142 1701 10 , , , 39142 1701 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1701 12 amount amount NN 39142 1701 13 and and CC 39142 1701 14 intensity intensity NN 39142 1701 15 , , , 39142 1701 16 tells tell VBZ 39142 1701 17 a a DT 39142 1701 18 different different JJ 39142 1701 19 story story NN 39142 1701 20 . . . 39142 1702 1 Indeed indeed RB 39142 1702 2 , , , 39142 1702 3 if if IN 39142 1702 4 the the DT 39142 1702 5 entire entire JJ 39142 1702 6 dome dome NN 39142 1702 7 of of IN 39142 1702 8 the the DT 39142 1702 9 sky sky NN 39142 1702 10 were be VBD 39142 1702 11 filled fill VBN 39142 1702 12 with with IN 39142 1702 13 full full JJ 39142 1702 14 moons moon NNS 39142 1702 15 , , , 39142 1702 16 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1702 17 should should MD 39142 1702 18 be be VB 39142 1702 19 receiving receive VBG 39142 1702 20 only only RB 39142 1702 21 one one CD 39142 1702 22 - - HYPH 39142 1702 23 eighth eighth JJ 39142 1702 24 of of IN 39142 1702 25 the the DT 39142 1702 26 light light NN 39142 1702 27 the the DT 39142 1702 28 sun sun NN 39142 1702 29 gives give VBZ 39142 1702 30 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1702 31 , , , 39142 1702 32 and and CC 39142 1702 33 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1702 34 would would MD 39142 1702 35 require require VB 39142 1702 36 more more JJR 39142 1702 37 than than IN 39142 1702 38 600,000 600,000 CD 39142 1702 39 average average JJ 39142 1702 40 full full JJ 39142 1702 41 moons moon NNS 39142 1702 42 to to TO 39142 1702 43 equal equal VB 39142 1702 44 the the DT 39142 1702 45 light light JJ 39142 1702 46 radiation radiation NN 39142 1702 47 of of IN 39142 1702 48 the the DT 39142 1702 49 sun sun NN 39142 1702 50 . . . 39142 1703 1 Heat heat NN 39142 1703 2 from from IN 39142 1703 3 the the DT 39142 1703 4 moon moon NN 39142 1703 5 , , , 39142 1703 6 however however RB 39142 1703 7 , , , 39142 1703 8 is be VBZ 39142 1703 9 quite quite RB 39142 1703 10 different different JJ 39142 1703 11 . . . 39142 1704 1 Early early JJ 39142 1704 2 attempts attempt NNS 39142 1704 3 to to TO 39142 1704 4 measure measure VB 39142 1704 5 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1704 6 detected detect VBD 39142 1704 7 none none NN 39142 1704 8 at at RB 39142 1704 9 all all RB 39142 1704 10 , , , 39142 1704 11 but but CC 39142 1704 12 with with IN 39142 1704 13 modern modern JJ 39142 1704 14 instruments instrument NNS 39142 1704 15 there there EX 39142 1704 16 is be VBZ 39142 1704 17 little little JJ 39142 1704 18 trouble trouble NN 39142 1704 19 in in IN 39142 1704 20 detecting detect VBG 39142 1704 21 heat heat NN 39142 1704 22 from from IN 39142 1704 23 the the DT 39142 1704 24 moon moon NN 39142 1704 25 , , , 39142 1704 26 though though IN 39142 1704 27 measurement measurement NN 39142 1704 28 of of IN 39142 1704 29 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1704 30 is be VBZ 39142 1704 31 not not RB 39142 1704 32 easy easy JJ 39142 1704 33 . . . 39142 1705 1 Much much JJ 39142 1705 2 of of IN 39142 1705 3 the the DT 39142 1705 4 moon moon NN 39142 1705 5 's 's POS 39142 1705 6 heat heat NN 39142 1705 7 is be VBZ 39142 1705 8 sun sun NNP 39142 1705 9 heat heat NNP 39142 1705 10 , , , 39142 1705 11 directly directly RB 39142 1705 12 reflected reflect VBN 39142 1705 13 from from IN 39142 1705 14 the the DT 39142 1705 15 moon moon NN 39142 1705 16 , , , 39142 1705 17 as as IN 39142 1705 18 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 1705 19 is be VBZ 39142 1705 20 , , , 39142 1705 21 but but CC 39142 1705 22 most most JJS 39142 1705 23 of of IN 39142 1705 24 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1705 25 is be VBZ 39142 1705 26 due due JJ 39142 1705 27 to to IN 39142 1705 28 radiation radiation NN 39142 1705 29 of of IN 39142 1705 30 solar solar JJ 39142 1705 31 heat heat NN 39142 1705 32 previously previously RB 39142 1705 33 absorbed absorb VBN 39142 1705 34 by by IN 39142 1705 35 the the DT 39142 1705 36 materials material NNS 39142 1705 37 of of IN 39142 1705 38 the the DT 39142 1705 39 lunar lunar JJ 39142 1705 40 surface surface NN 39142 1705 41 . . . 39142 1706 1 The the DT 39142 1706 2 actual actual JJ 39142 1706 3 temperature temperature NN 39142 1706 4 of of IN 39142 1706 5 the the DT 39142 1706 6 moon moon NN 39142 1706 7 's 's POS 39142 1706 8 surface surface NN 39142 1706 9 suffers suffer VBZ 39142 1706 10 great great JJ 39142 1706 11 variation variation NN 39142 1706 12 . . . 39142 1707 1 A a DT 39142 1707 2 fortnight fortnight NN 39142 1707 3 's 's POS 39142 1707 4 perpetual perpetual JJ 39142 1707 5 shining shining NN 39142 1707 6 of of IN 39142 1707 7 the the DT 39142 1707 8 sun sun NN 39142 1707 9 upon upon IN 39142 1707 10 the the DT 39142 1707 11 lunar lunar JJ 39142 1707 12 rocks rock NNS 39142 1707 13 would would MD 39142 1707 14 certainly certainly RB 39142 1707 15 heat heat VB 39142 1707 16 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1707 17 above above IN 39142 1707 18 the the DT 39142 1707 19 temperature temperature NN 39142 1707 20 of of IN 39142 1707 21 boiling boil VBG 39142 1707 22 water water NN 39142 1707 23 , , , 39142 1707 24 if if IN 39142 1707 25 the the DT 39142 1707 26 moon moon NN 39142 1707 27 had have VBD 39142 1707 28 an an DT 39142 1707 29 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1707 30 to to TO 39142 1707 31 conserve conserve VB 39142 1707 32 and and CC 39142 1707 33 store store VB 39142 1707 34 this this DT 39142 1707 35 heat heat NN 39142 1707 36 ; ; : 39142 1707 37 but but CC 39142 1707 38 the the DT 39142 1707 39 entire entire JJ 39142 1707 40 absence absence NN 39142 1707 41 of of IN 39142 1707 42 such such PDT 39142 1707 43 an an DT 39142 1707 44 air air NN 39142 1707 45 blanket blanket NN 39142 1707 46 probably probably RB 39142 1707 47 permits permit VBZ 39142 1707 48 the the DT 39142 1707 49 sun sun NN 39142 1707 50 's 's POS 39142 1707 51 heat heat NN 39142 1707 52 to to TO 39142 1707 53 be be VB 39142 1707 54 radiated radiate VBN 39142 1707 55 away away RB 39142 1707 56 nearly nearly RB 39142 1707 57 as as RB 39142 1707 58 fast fast RB 39142 1707 59 as as IN 39142 1707 60 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1707 61 is be VBZ 39142 1707 62 received receive VBN 39142 1707 63 , , , 39142 1707 64 leaving leave VBG 39142 1707 65 the the DT 39142 1707 66 temperature temperature NN 39142 1707 67 at at IN 39142 1707 68 the the DT 39142 1707 69 surface surface NN 39142 1707 70 always always RB 39142 1707 71 very very RB 39142 1707 72 low low JJ 39142 1707 73 . . . 39142 1708 1 What what WDT 39142 1708 2 physical physical JJ 39142 1708 3 influences influence VBZ 39142 1708 4 the the DT 39142 1708 5 moon moon NN 39142 1708 6 really really RB 39142 1708 7 has have VBZ 39142 1708 8 upon upon IN 39142 1708 9 the the DT 39142 1708 10 earth earth NN 39142 1708 11 must must MD 39142 1708 12 be be VB 39142 1708 13 very very RB 39142 1708 14 slight slight JJ 39142 1708 15 , , , 39142 1708 16 barring bar VBG 39142 1708 17 the the DT 39142 1708 18 tides tide NNS 39142 1708 19 . . . 39142 1709 1 But but CC 39142 1709 2 there there EX 39142 1709 3 is be VBZ 39142 1709 4 little little JJ 39142 1709 5 hope hope NN 39142 1709 6 of of IN 39142 1709 7 getting get VBG 39142 1709 8 people people NNS 39142 1709 9 generally generally RB 39142 1709 10 to to TO 39142 1709 11 take take VB 39142 1709 12 that that DT 39142 1709 13 view view NN 39142 1709 14 , , , 39142 1709 15 because because IN 39142 1709 16 the the DT 39142 1709 17 moon moon NN 39142 1709 18 appears appear VBZ 39142 1709 19 to to TO 39142 1709 20 be be VB 39142 1709 21 the the DT 39142 1709 22 planet planet NN 39142 1709 23 of of IN 39142 1709 24 the the DT 39142 1709 25 people people NNS 39142 1709 26 , , , 39142 1709 27 and and CC 39142 1709 28 opinion opinion NN 39142 1709 29 that that IN 39142 1709 30 the the DT 39142 1709 31 moon moon NN 39142 1709 32 controls control VBZ 39142 1709 33 the the DT 39142 1709 34 weather weather NN 39142 1709 35 , , , 39142 1709 36 for for IN 39142 1709 37 instance instance NN 39142 1709 38 , , , 39142 1709 39 amounts amount VBZ 39142 1709 40 with with IN 39142 1709 41 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1709 42 to to IN 39142 1709 43 practical practical JJ 39142 1709 44 certainty certainty NN 39142 1709 45 . . . 39142 1710 1 More More JJR 39142 1710 2 than than IN 39142 1710 3 likely likely RB 39142 1710 4 all all PDT 39142 1710 5 these these DT 39142 1710 6 notions notion NNS 39142 1710 7 are be VBP 39142 1710 8 but but CC 39142 1710 9 legitimate legitimate JJ 39142 1710 10 survivals survival NNS 39142 1710 11 of of IN 39142 1710 12 superstition superstition NN 39142 1710 13 and and CC 39142 1710 14 astrology astrology NN 39142 1710 15 . . . 39142 1711 1 In in IN 39142 1711 2 addition addition NN 39142 1711 3 to to IN 39142 1711 4 the the DT 39142 1711 5 tides tide NNS 39142 1711 6 , , , 39142 1711 7 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1711 8 magnetic magnetic JJ 39142 1711 9 observatories observatory NNS 39142 1711 10 reveal reveal VBP 39142 1711 11 slight slight JJ 39142 1711 12 disturbances disturbance NNS 39142 1711 13 with with IN 39142 1711 14 the the DT 39142 1711 15 swinging swinging NN 39142 1711 16 of of IN 39142 1711 17 the the DT 39142 1711 18 moon moon NN 39142 1711 19 from from IN 39142 1711 20 apogee apogee NNP 39142 1711 21 to to IN 39142 1711 22 perigee perigee NNP 39142 1711 23 and and CC 39142 1711 24 back back RB 39142 1711 25 ; ; : 39142 1711 26 but but CC 39142 1711 27 long long JJ 39142 1711 28 series series NN 39142 1711 29 of of IN 39142 1711 30 weather weather NN 39142 1711 31 observations observation NNS 39142 1711 32 have have VBP 39142 1711 33 been be VBN 39142 1711 34 faithfully faithfully RB 39142 1711 35 interrogated interrogate VBN 39142 1711 36 , , , 39142 1711 37 with with IN 39142 1711 38 negative negative JJ 39142 1711 39 or or CC 39142 1711 40 contradictory contradictory JJ 39142 1711 41 results result NNS 39142 1711 42 . . . 39142 1712 1 If if IN 39142 1712 2 one one PRP 39142 1712 3 believes believe VBZ 39142 1712 4 that that IN 39142 1712 5 the the DT 39142 1712 6 moon moon NN 39142 1712 7 's 's POS 39142 1712 8 changes change NNS 39142 1712 9 affect affect VBP 39142 1712 10 the the DT 39142 1712 11 weather weather NN 39142 1712 12 , , , 39142 1712 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1712 14 is be VBZ 39142 1712 15 easy easy JJ 39142 1712 16 to to TO 39142 1712 17 remember remember VB 39142 1712 18 coincidences coincidence NNS 39142 1712 19 , , , 39142 1712 20 and and CC 39142 1712 21 pass pass VB 39142 1712 22 over over RP 39142 1712 23 the the DT 39142 1712 24 many many JJ 39142 1712 25 times time NNS 39142 1712 26 when when WRB 39142 1712 27 no no DT 39142 1712 28 change change NN 39142 1712 29 has have VBZ 39142 1712 30 taken take VBN 39142 1712 31 place place NN 39142 1712 32 . . . 39142 1713 1 The the DT 39142 1713 2 moon moon NN 39142 1713 3 changes change VBZ 39142 1713 4 pretty pretty RB 39142 1713 5 frequently frequently RB 39142 1713 6 anyhow anyhow RB 39142 1713 7 . . . 39142 1714 1 As as IN 39142 1714 2 Young Young NNP 39142 1714 3 well well RB 39142 1714 4 puts put VBZ 39142 1714 5 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1714 6 : : : 39142 1714 7 " " `` 39142 1714 8 A a DT 39142 1714 9 change change NN 39142 1714 10 of of IN 39142 1714 11 the the DT 39142 1714 12 moon moon NN 39142 1714 13 necessarily necessarily RB 39142 1714 14 occurs occur VBZ 39142 1714 15 about about RB 39142 1714 16 once once RB 39142 1714 17 a a DT 39142 1714 18 week week NN 39142 1714 19 .... .... . 39142 1714 20 _ _ NNP 39142 1714 21 All all DT 39142 1714 22 _ _ NNP 39142 1714 23 changes change NNS 39142 1714 24 , , , 39142 1714 25 of of IN 39142 1714 26 the the DT 39142 1714 27 weather weather NN 39142 1714 28 for for IN 39142 1714 29 instance instance NN 39142 1714 30 , , , 39142 1714 31 must must MD 39142 1714 32 therefore therefore RB 39142 1714 33 occur occur VB 39142 1714 34 within within IN 39142 1714 35 three three CD 39142 1714 36 and and CC 39142 1714 37 three three CD 39142 1714 38 - - HYPH 39142 1714 39 fourth fourth JJ 39142 1714 40 days day NNS 39142 1714 41 of of IN 39142 1714 42 a a DT 39142 1714 43 change change NN 39142 1714 44 of of IN 39142 1714 45 the the DT 39142 1714 46 moon moon NN 39142 1714 47 , , , 39142 1714 48 and and CC 39142 1714 49 fifty fifty CD 39142 1714 50 per per IN 39142 1714 51 cent cent NN 39142 1714 52 of of IN 39142 1714 53 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1714 54 ought ought MD 39142 1714 55 to to TO 39142 1714 56 occur occur VB 39142 1714 57 within within IN 39142 1714 58 forty forty CD 39142 1714 59 - - HYPH 39142 1714 60 six six CD 39142 1714 61 hours hour NNS 39142 1714 62 of of IN 39142 1714 63 a a DT 39142 1714 64 change change NN 39142 1714 65 , , , 39142 1714 66 even even RB 39142 1714 67 if if IN 39142 1714 68 there there EX 39142 1714 69 were be VBD 39142 1714 70 no no DT 39142 1714 71 causal causal JJ 39142 1714 72 connection connection NN 39142 1714 73 whatever whatever WDT 39142 1714 74 . . . 39142 1714 75 " " '' 39142 1715 1 When when WRB 39142 1715 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1715 3 turn turn VBP 39142 1715 4 to to IN 39142 1715 5 the the DT 39142 1715 6 strongly strongly RB 39142 1715 7 diversified diversify VBN 39142 1715 8 surface surface NN 39142 1715 9 of of IN 39142 1715 10 the the DT 39142 1715 11 moon moon NN 39142 1715 12 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 1715 13 , , , 39142 1715 14 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1715 15 find find VBP 39142 1715 16 much much JJ 39142 1715 17 to to IN 39142 1715 18 rivet rivet NNS 39142 1715 19 the the DT 39142 1715 20 attention attention NN 39142 1715 21 , , , 39142 1715 22 even even RB 39142 1715 23 with with IN 39142 1715 24 slender slend JJR 39142 1715 25 optical optical JJ 39142 1715 26 aid aid NN 39142 1715 27 . . . 39142 1716 1 Everyone everyone NN 39142 1716 2 wants want VBZ 39142 1716 3 to to TO 39142 1716 4 know know VB 39142 1716 5 how how WRB 39142 1716 6 near near IN 39142 1716 7 the the DT 39142 1716 8 telescope telescope NN 39142 1716 9 , , , 39142 1716 10 the the DT 39142 1716 11 biggest big JJS 39142 1716 12 possible possible JJ 39142 1716 13 telescope telescope NN 39142 1716 14 , , , 39142 1716 15 brings bring VBZ 39142 1716 16 the the DT 39142 1716 17 moon moon NN 39142 1716 18 to to IN 39142 1716 19 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1716 20 . . . 39142 1717 1 That that DT 39142 1717 2 will will MD 39142 1717 3 depend depend VB 39142 1717 4 on on IN 39142 1717 5 many many JJ 39142 1717 6 things thing NNS 39142 1717 7 , , , 39142 1717 8 first first RB 39142 1717 9 of of IN 39142 1717 10 all all DT 39142 1717 11 on on IN 39142 1717 12 the the DT 39142 1717 13 magnifying magnify VBG 39142 1717 14 power power NN 39142 1717 15 of of IN 39142 1717 16 the the DT 39142 1717 17 eyepiece eyepiece NN 39142 1717 18 employed employ VBN 39142 1717 19 on on IN 39142 1717 20 the the DT 39142 1717 21 telescope telescope NN 39142 1717 22 , , , 39142 1717 23 and and CC 39142 1717 24 eyepieces eyepiece NNS 39142 1717 25 are be VBP 39142 1717 26 changed change VBN 39142 1717 27 on on IN 39142 1717 28 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 1717 29 just just RB 39142 1717 30 as as IN 39142 1717 31 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1717 32 are be VBP 39142 1717 33 on on IN 39142 1717 34 microscopes microscope NNS 39142 1717 35 , , , 39142 1717 36 though though IN 39142 1717 37 not not RB 39142 1717 38 for for IN 39142 1717 39 the the DT 39142 1717 40 same same JJ 39142 1717 41 reasons reason NNS 39142 1717 42 . . . 39142 1718 1 The the DT 39142 1718 2 theoretical theoretical JJ 39142 1718 3 limit limit NN 39142 1718 4 of of IN 39142 1718 5 the the DT 39142 1718 6 power power NN 39142 1718 7 of of IN 39142 1718 8 a a DT 39142 1718 9 telescope telescope NN 39142 1718 10 is be VBZ 39142 1718 11 usually usually RB 39142 1718 12 considered consider VBN 39142 1718 13 as as IN 39142 1718 14 100 100 CD 39142 1718 15 for for IN 39142 1718 16 each each DT 39142 1718 17 inch inch NN 39142 1718 18 of of IN 39142 1718 19 diameter diameter NN 39142 1718 20 or or CC 39142 1718 21 aperture aperture NN 39142 1718 22 of of IN 39142 1718 23 the the DT 39142 1718 24 object object NN 39142 1718 25 glass glass NN 39142 1718 26 . . . 39142 1719 1 A a DT 39142 1719 2 40-inch 40-inch CD 39142 1719 3 telescope telescope NN 39142 1719 4 , , , 39142 1719 5 as as IN 39142 1719 6 that that DT 39142 1719 7 of of IN 39142 1719 8 the the DT 39142 1719 9 Yerkes Yerkes NNP 39142 1719 10 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1719 11 , , , 39142 1719 12 the the DT 39142 1719 13 largest large JJS 39142 1719 14 refracting refracting NN 39142 1719 15 telescope telescope NN 39142 1719 16 in in IN 39142 1719 17 existence existence NN 39142 1719 18 , , , 39142 1719 19 should should MD 39142 1719 20 bear bear VB 39142 1719 21 a a DT 39142 1719 22 magnifying magnify VBG 39142 1719 23 power power NN 39142 1719 24 not not RB 39142 1719 25 to to TO 39142 1719 26 exceed exceed VB 39142 1719 27 4,000 4,000 CD 39142 1719 28 . . . 39142 1720 1 But but CC 39142 1720 2 this this DT 39142 1720 3 limit limit NN 39142 1720 4 is be VBZ 39142 1720 5 practically practically RB 39142 1720 6 never never RB 39142 1720 7 reached reach VBN 39142 1720 8 , , , 39142 1720 9 one one CD 39142 1720 10 - - HYPH 39142 1720 11 half half NN 39142 1720 12 of of IN 39142 1720 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1720 14 or or CC 39142 1720 15 fifty fifty CD 39142 1720 16 to to IN 39142 1720 17 the the DT 39142 1720 18 inch inch NN 39142 1720 19 of of IN 39142 1720 20 aperture aperture NN 39142 1720 21 being be VBG 39142 1720 22 a a DT 39142 1720 23 good good JJ 39142 1720 24 working working NN 39142 1720 25 limit limit NN 39142 1720 26 of of IN 39142 1720 27 power power NN 39142 1720 28 , , , 39142 1720 29 even even RB 39142 1720 30 under under IN 39142 1720 31 exceptional exceptional JJ 39142 1720 32 conditions condition NNS 39142 1720 33 of of IN 39142 1720 34 steadiness steadiness NN 39142 1720 35 of of IN 39142 1720 36 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1720 37 . . . 39142 1721 1 If if IN 39142 1721 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1721 3 reduce reduce VBP 39142 1721 4 the the DT 39142 1721 5 effective effective JJ 39142 1721 6 distance distance NN 39142 1721 7 of of IN 39142 1721 8 the the DT 39142 1721 9 moon moon NN 39142 1721 10 from from IN 39142 1721 11 240,000 240,000 CD 39142 1721 12 miles mile NNS 39142 1721 13 to to IN 39142 1721 14 100 100 CD 39142 1721 15 miles mile NNS 39142 1721 16 , , , 39142 1721 17 that that DT 39142 1721 18 is be VBZ 39142 1721 19 about about IN 39142 1721 20 the the DT 39142 1721 21 utmost utmost NNS 39142 1721 22 that that WDT 39142 1721 23 can can MD 39142 1721 24 be be VB 39142 1721 25 expected expect VBN 39142 1721 26 . . . 39142 1722 1 But but CC 39142 1722 2 even even RB 39142 1722 3 at at IN 39142 1722 4 that that DT 39142 1722 5 distance distance NN 39142 1722 6 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1722 7 can can MD 39142 1722 8 make make VB 39142 1722 9 out out RP 39142 1722 10 only only JJ 39142 1722 11 landscape landscape NN 39142 1722 12 details detail NNS 39142 1722 13 , , , 39142 1722 14 nothing nothing NN 39142 1722 15 whatever whatever WDT 39142 1722 16 like like IN 39142 1722 17 buildings building NNS 39142 1722 18 or or CC 39142 1722 19 the the DT 39142 1722 20 works work NNS 39142 1722 21 of of IN 39142 1722 22 intelligence intelligence NN 39142 1722 23 . . . 39142 1723 1 The the DT 39142 1723 2 larger large JJR 39142 1723 3 relations relation NNS 39142 1723 4 of of IN 39142 1723 5 light light NN 39142 1723 6 and and CC 39142 1723 7 shade shade NN 39142 1723 8 , , , 39142 1723 9 so so RB 39142 1723 10 obvious obvious JJ 39142 1723 11 to to IN 39142 1723 12 the the DT 39142 1723 13 naked naked JJ 39142 1723 14 eye eye NN 39142 1723 15 on on IN 39142 1723 16 the the DT 39142 1723 17 moon moon NN 39142 1723 18 , , , 39142 1723 19 vanish vanish VB 39142 1723 20 on on IN 39142 1723 21 looking look VBG 39142 1723 22 at at IN 39142 1723 23 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1723 24 with with IN 39142 1723 25 the the DT 39142 1723 26 telescope telescope NN 39142 1723 27 , , , 39142 1723 28 but but CC 39142 1723 29 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1723 30 are be VBP 39142 1723 31 at at IN 39142 1723 32 once once RB 39142 1723 33 captivated captivate VBN 39142 1723 34 by by IN 39142 1723 35 the the DT 39142 1723 36 novel novel JJ 39142 1723 37 character character NN 39142 1723 38 of of IN 39142 1723 39 the the DT 39142 1723 40 surface surface NN 39142 1723 41 and and CC 39142 1723 42 the the DT 39142 1723 43 seemingly seemingly RB 39142 1723 44 great great JJ 39142 1723 45 variety variety NN 39142 1723 46 of of IN 39142 1723 47 detail detail NN 39142 1723 48 that that WDT 39142 1723 49 is be VBZ 39142 1723 50 clearly clearly RB 39142 1723 51 visible visible JJ 39142 1723 52 . . . 39142 1724 1 As as RB 39142 1724 2 soon soon RB 39142 1724 3 as as IN 39142 1724 4 the the DT 39142 1724 5 new new JJ 39142 1724 6 moon moon NN 39142 1724 7 comes come VBZ 39142 1724 8 out out RP 39142 1724 9 in in IN 39142 1724 10 the the DT 39142 1724 11 west west NN 39142 1724 12 , , , 39142 1724 13 one one PRP 39142 1724 14 may may MD 39142 1724 15 begin begin VB 39142 1724 16 to to TO 39142 1724 17 gaze gaze VB 39142 1724 18 with with IN 39142 1724 19 interest interest NN 39142 1724 20 and and CC 39142 1724 21 watch watch VB 39142 1724 22 the the DT 39142 1724 23 terminator terminator NN 39142 1724 24 or or CC 39142 1724 25 sunrise sunrise NN 39142 1724 26 line line NN 39142 1724 27 gradually gradually RB 39142 1724 28 steal steal VBP 39142 1724 29 over over IN 39142 1724 30 the the DT 39142 1724 31 roughened roughen VBN 39142 1724 32 surface surface NN 39142 1724 33 , , , 39142 1724 34 bringing bring VBG 39142 1724 35 new new JJ 39142 1724 36 and and CC 39142 1724 37 striking striking JJ 39142 1724 38 craters crater NNS 39142 1724 39 into into IN 39142 1724 40 view view NN 39142 1724 41 each each DT 39142 1724 42 night night NN 39142 1724 43 . . . 39142 1725 1 Around around IN 39142 1725 2 the the DT 39142 1725 3 time time NN 39142 1725 4 of of IN 39142 1725 5 quarter quarter NN 39142 1725 6 moon moon NN 39142 1725 7 , , , 39142 1725 8 or or CC 39142 1725 9 a a DT 39142 1725 10 little little JJ 39142 1725 11 past past IN 39142 1725 12 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1725 13 , , , 39142 1725 14 is be VBZ 39142 1725 15 one one CD 39142 1725 16 of of IN 39142 1725 17 the the DT 39142 1725 18 best good JJS 39142 1725 19 times time NNS 39142 1725 20 for for IN 39142 1725 21 telescopic telescopic JJ 39142 1725 22 views view NNS 39142 1725 23 of of IN 39142 1725 24 the the DT 39142 1725 25 moon moon NN 39142 1725 26 , , , 39142 1725 27 because because IN 39142 1725 28 the the DT 39142 1725 29 huge huge JJ 39142 1725 30 craters crater NNS 39142 1725 31 , , , 39142 1725 32 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 1725 33 and and CC 39142 1725 34 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 39142 1725 35 , , , 39142 1725 36 are be VBP 39142 1725 37 then then RB 39142 1725 38 in in IN 39142 1725 39 fine fine JJ 39142 1725 40 illumination illumination NN 39142 1725 41 . . . 39142 1726 1 Close close RB 39142 1726 2 to to IN 39142 1726 3 the the DT 39142 1726 4 phase phase NN 39142 1726 5 of of IN 39142 1726 6 full full JJ 39142 1726 7 moon moon NN 39142 1726 8 is be VBZ 39142 1726 9 never never RB 39142 1726 10 a a DT 39142 1726 11 good good JJ 39142 1726 12 time time NN 39142 1726 13 , , , 39142 1726 14 because because IN 39142 1726 15 there there EX 39142 1726 16 are be VBP 39142 1726 17 no no DT 39142 1726 18 shadows shadow NNS 39142 1726 19 of of IN 39142 1726 20 the the DT 39142 1726 21 rough rough JJ 39142 1726 22 surface surface NN 39142 1726 23 then then RB 39142 1726 24 , , , 39142 1726 25 and and CC 39142 1726 26 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1726 27 entire entire JJ 39142 1726 28 structure structure NN 39142 1726 29 seems seem VBZ 39142 1726 30 to to TO 39142 1726 31 be be VB 39142 1726 32 quite quite RB 39142 1726 33 flat flat JJ 39142 1726 34 and and CC 39142 1726 35 uninteresting uninteresting JJ 39142 1726 36 , , , 39142 1726 37 except except IN 39142 1726 38 for for IN 39142 1726 39 the the DT 39142 1726 40 streaks streak NNS 39142 1726 41 or or CC 39142 1726 42 rills rill NNS 39142 1726 43 which which WDT 39142 1726 44 radiate radiate VBP 39142 1726 45 from from IN 39142 1726 46 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 1726 47 in in IN 39142 1726 48 every every DT 39142 1726 49 direction direction NN 39142 1726 50 , , , 39142 1726 51 and and CC 39142 1726 52 are be VBP 39142 1726 53 the the DT 39142 1726 54 only only JJ 39142 1726 55 lunar lunar JJ 39142 1726 56 features feature NNS 39142 1726 57 that that WDT 39142 1726 58 are be VBP 39142 1726 59 best well RBS 39142 1726 60 seen see VBN 39142 1726 61 near near IN 39142 1726 62 full full JJ 39142 1726 63 . . . 39142 1727 1 In in IN 39142 1727 2 a a DT 39142 1727 3 broad broad JJ 39142 1727 4 , , , 39142 1727 5 general general JJ 39142 1727 6 way way NN 39142 1727 7 , , , 39142 1727 8 the the DT 39142 1727 9 moon moon NN 39142 1727 10 's 's POS 39142 1727 11 surface surface NN 39142 1727 12 , , , 39142 1727 13 if if IN 39142 1727 14 compared compare VBN 39142 1727 15 with with IN 39142 1727 16 the the DT 39142 1727 17 earth earth NN 39142 1727 18 's 's POS 39142 1727 19 , , , 39142 1727 20 differs differ NNS 39142 1727 21 in in IN 39142 1727 22 having have VBG 39142 1727 23 no no DT 39142 1727 24 water water NN 39142 1727 25 . . . 39142 1728 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1728 2 extensive extensive JJ 39142 1728 3 oceans ocean NNS 39142 1728 4 are be VBP 39142 1728 5 replaced replace VBN 39142 1728 6 there there RB 39142 1728 7 by by IN 39142 1728 8 smooth smooth JJ 39142 1728 9 , , , 39142 1728 10 level level NN 39142 1728 11 plains plain NNS 39142 1728 12 which which WDT 39142 1728 13 were be VBD 39142 1728 14 at at IN 39142 1728 15 first first JJ 39142 1728 16 thought think VBN 39142 1728 17 to to TO 39142 1728 18 be be VB 39142 1728 19 seas sea NNS 39142 1728 20 and and CC 39142 1728 21 so so RB 39142 1728 22 named name VBN 39142 1728 23 . . . 39142 1729 1 There there EX 39142 1729 2 are be VBP 39142 1729 3 ten ten CD 39142 1729 4 or or CC 39142 1729 5 twelve twelve CD 39142 1729 6 of of IN 39142 1729 7 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1729 8 in in IN 39142 1729 9 all all DT 39142 1729 10 . . . 39142 1730 1 Then then RB 39142 1730 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1730 3 find find VBP 39142 1730 4 mountain mountain NN 39142 1730 5 ranges range NNS 39142 1730 6 , , , 39142 1730 7 so so RB 39142 1730 8 numerous numerous JJ 39142 1730 9 on on IN 39142 1730 10 the the DT 39142 1730 11 earth earth NN 39142 1730 12 , , , 39142 1730 13 relatively relatively RB 39142 1730 14 few few JJ 39142 1730 15 on on IN 39142 1730 16 the the DT 39142 1730 17 moon moon NN 39142 1730 18 . . . 39142 1731 1 Those those DT 39142 1731 2 that that WDT 39142 1731 3 exist exist VBP 39142 1731 4 are be VBP 39142 1731 5 named name VBN 39142 1731 6 , , , 39142 1731 7 in in IN 39142 1731 8 part part NN 39142 1731 9 , , , 39142 1731 10 for for IN 39142 1731 11 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 39142 1731 12 mountain mountain NN 39142 1731 13 ranges range NNS 39142 1731 14 , , , 39142 1731 15 as as IN 39142 1731 16 the the DT 39142 1731 17 Alps Alps NNPS 39142 1731 18 , , , 39142 1731 19 Caucasus Caucasus NNP 39142 1731 20 , , , 39142 1731 21 and and CC 39142 1731 22 the the DT 39142 1731 23 Apennines Apennines NNPS 39142 1731 24 . . . 39142 1732 1 But but CC 39142 1732 2 the the DT 39142 1732 3 nearly nearly RB 39142 1732 4 circular circular JJ 39142 1732 5 crater crater NN 39142 1732 6 , , , 39142 1732 7 a a DT 39142 1732 8 relatively relatively RB 39142 1732 9 rare rare JJ 39142 1732 10 formation formation NN 39142 1732 11 on on IN 39142 1732 12 the the DT 39142 1732 13 earth earth NN 39142 1732 14 , , , 39142 1732 15 is be VBZ 39142 1732 16 seen see VBN 39142 1732 17 dotted dot VBN 39142 1732 18 all all RB 39142 1732 19 over over IN 39142 1732 20 the the DT 39142 1732 21 moon moon NN 39142 1732 22 in in IN 39142 1732 23 every every DT 39142 1732 24 size size NN 39142 1732 25 , , , 39142 1732 26 from from IN 39142 1732 27 a a DT 39142 1732 28 fraction fraction NN 39142 1732 29 of of IN 39142 1732 30 a a DT 39142 1732 31 mile mile NN 39142 1732 32 in in IN 39142 1732 33 diameter diameter NN 39142 1732 34 up up IN 39142 1732 35 to to IN 39142 1732 36 sixty sixty CD 39142 1732 37 , , , 39142 1732 38 seventy seventy CD 39142 1732 39 , , , 39142 1732 40 and and CC 39142 1732 41 in in IN 39142 1732 42 extreme extreme JJ 39142 1732 43 cases case NNS 39142 1732 44 a a DT 39142 1732 45 hundred hundred CD 39142 1732 46 miles mile NNS 39142 1732 47 . . . 39142 1733 1 No no DT 39142 1733 2 mere mere JJ 39142 1733 3 description description NN 39142 1733 4 of of IN 39142 1733 5 plains plain NNS 39142 1733 6 and and CC 39142 1733 7 mountains mountain NNS 39142 1733 8 and and CC 39142 1733 9 craters crater NNS 39142 1733 10 affords afford VBZ 39142 1733 11 an an DT 39142 1733 12 adequate adequate JJ 39142 1733 13 idea idea NN 39142 1733 14 of of IN 39142 1733 15 the the DT 39142 1733 16 moon moon NN 39142 1733 17 's 's POS 39142 1733 18 surface surface NN 39142 1733 19 as as IN 39142 1733 20 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1733 21 actually actually RB 39142 1733 22 is be VBZ 39142 1733 23 ; ; : 39142 1733 24 a a DT 39142 1733 25 telescopic telescopic JJ 39142 1733 26 view view NN 39142 1733 27 is be VBZ 39142 1733 28 necessary necessary JJ 39142 1733 29 , , , 39142 1733 30 or or CC 39142 1733 31 some some DT 39142 1733 32 of of IN 39142 1733 33 the the DT 39142 1733 34 modern modern JJ 39142 1733 35 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1733 36 which which WDT 39142 1733 37 give give VBP 39142 1733 38 an an DT 39142 1733 39 even even RB 39142 1733 40 better well JJR 39142 1733 41 notion notion NN 39142 1733 42 of of IN 39142 1733 43 the the DT 39142 1733 44 moon moon NN 39142 1733 45 than than IN 39142 1733 46 any any DT 39142 1733 47 telescopic telescopic JJ 39142 1733 48 view view NN 39142 1733 49 . . . 39142 1734 1 Many many JJ 39142 1734 2 of of IN 39142 1734 3 the the DT 39142 1734 4 lunar lunar JJ 39142 1734 5 craters crater NNS 39142 1734 6 are be VBP 39142 1734 7 without without IN 39142 1734 8 doubt doubt NN 39142 1734 9 volcanic volcanic JJ 39142 1734 10 in in IN 39142 1734 11 origin origin NN 39142 1734 12 , , , 39142 1734 13 others other NNS 39142 1734 14 seem seem VBP 39142 1734 15 to to TO 39142 1734 16 be be VB 39142 1734 17 ruins ruin NNS 39142 1734 18 of of IN 39142 1734 19 molten molten JJ 39142 1734 20 lakes lake NNS 39142 1734 21 . . . 39142 1735 1 Many many JJ 39142 1735 2 thousands thousand NNS 39142 1735 3 of of IN 39142 1735 4 the the DT 39142 1735 5 smaller small JJR 39142 1735 6 ones one NNS 39142 1735 7 appear appear VBP 39142 1735 8 as as IN 39142 1735 9 if if IN 39142 1735 10 formed form VBN 39142 1735 11 by by IN 39142 1735 12 a a DT 39142 1735 13 violent violent JJ 39142 1735 14 pelting pelting NN 39142 1735 15 of of IN 39142 1735 16 the the DT 39142 1735 17 surface surface NN 39142 1735 18 when when WRB 39142 1735 19 semi semi JJ 39142 1735 20 - - JJ 39142 1735 21 plastic plastic JJ 39142 1735 22 , , , 39142 1735 23 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 1735 24 by by IN 39142 1735 25 enormous enormous JJ 39142 1735 26 showers shower NNS 39142 1735 27 of of IN 39142 1735 28 meteoric meteoric JJ 39142 1735 29 matter matter NN 39142 1735 30 . . . 39142 1736 1 More More JJR 39142 1736 2 than than IN 39142 1736 3 30,000 30,000 CD 39142 1736 4 craters crater NNS 39142 1736 5 cover cover VBP 39142 1736 6 the the DT 39142 1736 7 half half NN 39142 1736 8 of of IN 39142 1736 9 the the DT 39142 1736 10 lunar lunar JJ 39142 1736 11 surface surface NN 39142 1736 12 visible visible JJ 39142 1736 13 from from IN 39142 1736 14 the the DT 39142 1736 15 earth earth NN 39142 1736 16 , , , 39142 1736 17 and and CC 39142 1736 18 hundreds hundred NNS 39142 1736 19 of of IN 39142 1736 20 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1736 21 are be VBP 39142 1736 22 named name VBN 39142 1736 23 for for IN 39142 1736 24 philosophers philosopher NNS 39142 1736 25 and and CC 39142 1736 26 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1736 27 . . . 39142 1737 1 Measurement Measurement NNP 39142 1737 2 of of IN 39142 1737 3 the the DT 39142 1737 4 height height NN 39142 1737 5 of of IN 39142 1737 6 lunar lunar JJ 39142 1737 7 mountains mountain NNS 39142 1737 8 has have VBZ 39142 1737 9 been be VBN 39142 1737 10 made make VBN 39142 1737 11 in in IN 39142 1737 12 numerous numerous JJ 39142 1737 13 instances instance NNS 39142 1737 14 , , , 39142 1737 15 especially especially RB 39142 1737 16 when when WRB 39142 1737 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1737 18 shadows shadow NNS 39142 1737 19 fall fall VBP 39142 1737 20 on on IN 39142 1737 21 plains plain NNS 39142 1737 22 or or CC 39142 1737 23 surfaces surface NNS 39142 1737 24 that that WDT 39142 1737 25 are be VBP 39142 1737 26 nearly nearly RB 39142 1737 27 level level JJ 39142 1737 28 , , , 39142 1737 29 so so IN 39142 1737 30 that that IN 39142 1737 31 the the DT 39142 1737 32 length length NN 39142 1737 33 of of IN 39142 1737 34 the the DT 39142 1737 35 shadow shadow NN 39142 1737 36 can can MD 39142 1737 37 be be VB 39142 1737 38 measured measure VBN 39142 1737 39 . . . 39142 1738 1 In in IN 39142 1738 2 general general JJ 39142 1738 3 , , , 39142 1738 4 the the DT 39142 1738 5 height height NN 39142 1738 6 of of IN 39142 1738 7 lunar lunar JJ 39142 1738 8 peaks peak NNS 39142 1738 9 is be VBZ 39142 1738 10 greater great JJR 39142 1738 11 than than IN 39142 1738 12 that that DT 39142 1738 13 of of IN 39142 1738 14 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 39142 1738 15 peaks peak NNS 39142 1738 16 , , , 39142 1738 17 owing owe VBG 39142 1738 18 probably probably RB 39142 1738 19 to to IN 39142 1738 20 the the DT 39142 1738 21 lesser less JJR 39142 1738 22 surface surface NN 39142 1738 23 gravity gravity NN 39142 1738 24 on on IN 39142 1738 25 the the DT 39142 1738 26 moon moon NN 39142 1738 27 . . . 39142 1739 1 About about RB 39142 1739 2 forty forty CD 39142 1739 3 lunar lunar JJ 39142 1739 4 peaks peak NNS 39142 1739 5 are be VBP 39142 1739 6 higher high JJR 39142 1739 7 than than IN 39142 1739 8 Mont Mont NNP 39142 1739 9 Blanc Blanc NNP 39142 1739 10 . . . 39142 1740 1 Most Most JJS 39142 1740 2 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1740 3 regard regard VBP 39142 1740 4 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1740 5 as as IN 39142 1740 6 certain certain JJ 39142 1740 7 that that IN 39142 1740 8 no no DT 39142 1740 9 changes change NNS 39142 1740 10 ever ever RB 39142 1740 11 take take VBP 39142 1740 12 place place NN 39142 1740 13 on on IN 39142 1740 14 the the DT 39142 1740 15 moon moon NN 39142 1740 16 ; ; : 39142 1740 17 probably probably RB 39142 1740 18 no no DT 39142 1740 19 very very RB 39142 1740 20 conspicuous conspicuous JJ 39142 1740 21 changes change NNS 39142 1740 22 ever ever RB 39142 1740 23 do do VBP 39142 1740 24 . . . 39142 1741 1 Some some DT 39142 1741 2 , , , 39142 1741 3 however however RB 39142 1741 4 , , , 39142 1741 5 have have VBP 39142 1741 6 made make VBN 39142 1741 7 out out RP 39142 1741 8 a a DT 39142 1741 9 fair fair JJ 39142 1741 10 case case NN 39142 1741 11 for for IN 39142 1741 12 comparatively comparatively RB 39142 1741 13 recent recent JJ 39142 1741 14 changes change NNS 39142 1741 15 in in IN 39142 1741 16 surface surface NN 39142 1741 17 detail detail NN 39142 1741 18 . . . 39142 1742 1 Extreme extreme JJ 39142 1742 2 caution caution NN 39142 1742 3 is be VBZ 39142 1742 4 necessary necessary JJ 39142 1742 5 in in IN 39142 1742 6 drawing draw VBG 39142 1742 7 conclusions conclusion NNS 39142 1742 8 , , , 39142 1742 9 because because IN 39142 1742 10 the the DT 39142 1742 11 varying vary VBG 39142 1742 12 changes change NNS 39142 1742 13 of of IN 39142 1742 14 illumination illumination NN 39142 1742 15 from from IN 39142 1742 16 one one CD 39142 1742 17 phase phase NN 39142 1742 18 to to IN 39142 1742 19 another another DT 39142 1742 20 are be VBP 39142 1742 21 themselves -PRON- PRP 39142 1742 22 sufficient sufficient JJ 39142 1742 23 to to TO 39142 1742 24 cause cause VB 39142 1742 25 the the DT 39142 1742 26 appearance appearance NN 39142 1742 27 of of IN 39142 1742 28 change change NN 39142 1742 29 . . . 39142 1743 1 At at IN 39142 1743 2 intervals interval NNS 39142 1743 3 of of IN 39142 1743 4 a a DT 39142 1743 5 double double JJ 39142 1743 6 lunation lunation NN 39142 1743 7 , , , 39142 1743 8 equal equal JJ 39142 1743 9 to to IN 39142 1743 10 fifty fifty CD 39142 1743 11 - - HYPH 39142 1743 12 nine nine CD 39142 1743 13 days day NNS 39142 1743 14 , , , 39142 1743 15 one one CD 39142 1743 16 and and CC 39142 1743 17 one one CD 39142 1743 18 - - HYPH 39142 1743 19 half half NN 39142 1743 20 hours hour NNS 39142 1743 21 , , , 39142 1743 22 the the DT 39142 1743 23 terminator terminator NN 39142 1743 24 goes go VBZ 39142 1743 25 very very RB 39142 1743 26 nearly nearly RB 39142 1743 27 through through IN 39142 1743 28 the the DT 39142 1743 29 same same JJ 39142 1743 30 objects object NNS 39142 1743 31 , , , 39142 1743 32 so so IN 39142 1743 33 that that IN 39142 1743 34 the the DT 39142 1743 35 circumstances circumstance NNS 39142 1743 36 of of IN 39142 1743 37 illumination illumination NN 39142 1743 38 are be VBP 39142 1743 39 comparable comparable JJ 39142 1743 40 . . . 39142 1744 1 In in IN 39142 1744 2 Mare Mare NNP 39142 1744 3 Serenitatis Serenitatis NNP 39142 1744 4 the the DT 39142 1744 5 little little JJ 39142 1744 6 crater crater NN 39142 1744 7 named name VBN 39142 1744 8 Linné Linné NNP 39142 1744 9 was be VBD 39142 1744 10 announced announce VBN 39142 1744 11 to to TO 39142 1744 12 have have VB 39142 1744 13 disappeared disappear VBN 39142 1744 14 about about RB 39142 1744 15 a a DT 39142 1744 16 half half JJ 39142 1744 17 century century NN 39142 1744 18 ago ago RB 39142 1744 19 ; ; : 39142 1744 20 subsequently subsequently RB 39142 1744 21 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1744 22 became become VBD 39142 1744 23 visible visible JJ 39142 1744 24 again again RB 39142 1744 25 and and CC 39142 1744 26 other other JJ 39142 1744 27 minor minor JJ 39142 1744 28 changes change NNS 39142 1744 29 were be VBD 39142 1744 30 reported report VBN 39142 1744 31 , , , 39142 1744 32 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 1744 33 due due JJ 39142 1744 34 to to IN 39142 1744 35 falling fall VBG 39142 1744 36 in in IN 39142 1744 37 of of IN 39142 1744 38 the the DT 39142 1744 39 walls wall NNS 39142 1744 40 of of IN 39142 1744 41 the the DT 39142 1744 42 crater crater NN 39142 1744 43 . . . 39142 1745 1 If if IN 39142 1745 2 one one CD 39142 1745 3 were be VBD 39142 1745 4 to to TO 39142 1745 5 visit visit VB 39142 1745 6 the the DT 39142 1745 7 moon moon NN 39142 1745 8 , , , 39142 1745 9 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1745 10 must must MD 39142 1745 11 needs need VBZ 39142 1745 12 take take VB 39142 1745 13 air air NN 39142 1745 14 and and CC 39142 1745 15 water water NN 39142 1745 16 along along IN 39142 1745 17 with with IN 39142 1745 18 him -PRON- PRP 39142 1745 19 , , , 39142 1745 20 as as RB 39142 1745 21 well well RB 39142 1745 22 as as IN 39142 1745 23 other other JJ 39142 1745 24 sustenance sustenance NN 39142 1745 25 . . . 39142 1746 1 No no DT 39142 1746 2 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1746 3 means mean VBZ 39142 1746 4 no no DT 39142 1746 5 diffused diffuse VBN 39142 1746 6 light light NN 39142 1746 7 ; ; : 39142 1746 8 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1746 9 could could MD 39142 1746 10 see see VB 39142 1746 11 nothing nothing NN 39142 1746 12 unless unless IN 39142 1746 13 the the DT 39142 1746 14 sun sun NN 39142 1746 15 's 's POS 39142 1746 16 direct direct JJ 39142 1746 17 rays ray NNS 39142 1746 18 were be VBD 39142 1746 19 shining shine VBG 39142 1746 20 upon upon IN 39142 1746 21 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1746 22 . . . 39142 1747 1 Anyone anyone NN 39142 1747 2 stepping step VBG 39142 1747 3 into into IN 39142 1747 4 the the DT 39142 1747 5 shadow shadow NN 39142 1747 6 of of IN 39142 1747 7 a a DT 39142 1747 8 lunar lunar JJ 39142 1747 9 crag crag NN 39142 1747 10 would would MD 39142 1747 11 become become VB 39142 1747 12 wholly wholly RB 39142 1747 13 invisible invisible JJ 39142 1747 14 . . . 39142 1748 1 No no DT 39142 1748 2 sound sound NN 39142 1748 3 , , , 39142 1748 4 however however RB 39142 1748 5 loud loud JJ 39142 1748 6 , , , 39142 1748 7 could could MD 39142 1748 8 be be VB 39142 1748 9 heard hear VBN 39142 1748 10 ; ; : 39142 1748 11 sound sound VB 39142 1748 12 in in IN 39142 1748 13 fact fact NN 39142 1748 14 would would MD 39142 1748 15 become become VB 39142 1748 16 impossible impossible JJ 39142 1748 17 . . . 39142 1749 1 A a DT 39142 1749 2 rock rock NN 39142 1749 3 might may MD 39142 1749 4 roll roll VB 39142 1749 5 down down RP 39142 1749 6 the the DT 39142 1749 7 wall wall NN 39142 1749 8 of of IN 39142 1749 9 a a DT 39142 1749 10 lunar lunar JJ 39142 1749 11 crater crater NN 39142 1749 12 , , , 39142 1749 13 but but CC 39142 1749 14 there there EX 39142 1749 15 would would MD 39142 1749 16 be be VB 39142 1749 17 no no DT 39142 1749 18 noise noise NN 39142 1749 19 ; ; : 39142 1749 20 though though IN 39142 1749 21 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1749 22 should should MD 39142 1749 23 know know VB 39142 1749 24 what what WP 39142 1749 25 had have VBD 39142 1749 26 happened happen VBN 39142 1749 27 by by IN 39142 1749 28 the the DT 39142 1749 29 tremor tremor NN 39142 1749 30 produced produce VBN 39142 1749 31 . . . 39142 1750 1 So so RB 39142 1750 2 slight slight JJ 39142 1750 3 is be VBZ 39142 1750 4 gravity gravity NN 39142 1750 5 there there RB 39142 1750 6 that that IN 39142 1750 7 a a DT 39142 1750 8 good good JJ 39142 1750 9 ball ball NN 39142 1750 10 player player NN 39142 1750 11 might may MD 39142 1750 12 bat bat VB 39142 1750 13 a a DT 39142 1750 14 baseball baseball NN 39142 1750 15 half half PDT 39142 1750 16 a a DT 39142 1750 17 mile mile NN 39142 1750 18 or or CC 39142 1750 19 more more JJR 39142 1750 20 . . . 39142 1751 1 Looking look VBG 39142 1751 2 upward upward RB 39142 1751 3 , , , 39142 1751 4 all all PDT 39142 1751 5 the the DT 39142 1751 6 stars star NNS 39142 1751 7 would would MD 39142 1751 8 be be VB 39142 1751 9 appreciably appreciably RB 39142 1751 10 brighter bright JJR 39142 1751 11 than than IN 39142 1751 12 here here RB 39142 1751 13 , , , 39142 1751 14 and and CC 39142 1751 15 visible visible JJ 39142 1751 16 perpetually perpetually RB 39142 1751 17 in in IN 39142 1751 18 the the DT 39142 1751 19 daytime daytime NN 39142 1751 20 as as RB 39142 1751 21 well well RB 39142 1751 22 as as IN 39142 1751 23 at at IN 39142 1751 24 night night NN 39142 1751 25 . . . 39142 1752 1 If if IN 39142 1752 2 one one CD 39142 1752 3 were be VBD 39142 1752 4 to to TO 39142 1752 5 go go VB 39142 1752 6 to to IN 39142 1752 7 the the DT 39142 1752 8 opposite opposite JJ 39142 1752 9 side side NN 39142 1752 10 of of IN 39142 1752 11 the the DT 39142 1752 12 moon moon NN 39142 1752 13 , , , 39142 1752 14 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1752 15 would would MD 39142 1752 16 lose lose VB 39142 1752 17 sight sight NN 39142 1752 18 of of IN 39142 1752 19 the the DT 39142 1752 20 earth earth NN 39142 1752 21 until until IN 39142 1752 22 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1752 23 came come VBD 39142 1752 24 back back RB 39142 1752 25 to to IN 39142 1752 26 the the DT 39142 1752 27 side side NN 39142 1752 28 which which WDT 39142 1752 29 is be VBZ 39142 1752 30 always always RB 39142 1752 31 turned turn VBN 39142 1752 32 toward toward IN 39142 1752 33 the the DT 39142 1752 34 earth earth NN 39142 1752 35 . . . 39142 1753 1 Even even RB 39142 1753 2 then then RB 39142 1753 3 the the DT 39142 1753 4 earth earth NN 39142 1753 5 would would MD 39142 1753 6 never never RB 39142 1753 7 rise rise VB 39142 1753 8 and and CC 39142 1753 9 set set VB 39142 1753 10 at at IN 39142 1753 11 any any DT 39142 1753 12 given give VBN 39142 1753 13 place place NN 39142 1753 14 , , , 39142 1753 15 as as IN 39142 1753 16 the the DT 39142 1753 17 moon moon NN 39142 1753 18 does do VBZ 39142 1753 19 to to IN 39142 1753 20 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1753 21 , , , 39142 1753 22 but but CC 39142 1753 23 would would MD 39142 1753 24 remain remain VB 39142 1753 25 all all PDT 39142 1753 26 the the DT 39142 1753 27 time time NN 39142 1753 28 at at IN 39142 1753 29 about about IN 39142 1753 30 the the DT 39142 1753 31 same same JJ 39142 1753 32 height height NN 39142 1753 33 above above IN 39142 1753 34 the the DT 39142 1753 35 lunar lunar JJ 39142 1753 36 horizon horizon NN 39142 1753 37 . . . 39142 1754 1 The the DT 39142 1754 2 earth earth NN 39142 1754 3 would would MD 39142 1754 4 go go VB 39142 1754 5 through through IN 39142 1754 6 all all PDT 39142 1754 7 the the DT 39142 1754 8 phases phase NNS 39142 1754 9 that that IN 39142 1754 10 the the DT 39142 1754 11 moon moon NN 39142 1754 12 shows show VBZ 39142 1754 13 to to IN 39142 1754 14 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1754 15 here here RB 39142 1754 16 , , , 39142 1754 17 full full JJ 39142 1754 18 earth earth NN 39142 1754 19 occurring occur VBG 39142 1754 20 there there RB 39142 1754 21 when when WRB 39142 1754 22 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1754 23 is be VBZ 39142 1754 24 new new JJ 39142 1754 25 moon moon NN 39142 1754 26 here here RB 39142 1754 27 . . . 39142 1755 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1755 2 globe globe NN 39142 1755 3 would would MD 39142 1755 4 appear appear VB 39142 1755 5 to to TO 39142 1755 6 be be VB 39142 1755 7 nearly nearly RB 39142 1755 8 four four CD 39142 1755 9 times time NNS 39142 1755 10 broader broad JJR 39142 1755 11 than than IN 39142 1755 12 the the DT 39142 1755 13 moon moon NN 39142 1755 14 seems seem VBZ 39142 1755 15 to to IN 39142 1755 16 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1755 17 . . . 39142 1756 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1756 2 white white JJ 39142 1756 3 polar polar JJ 39142 1756 4 caps cap NNS 39142 1756 5 of of IN 39142 1756 6 ice ice NN 39142 1756 7 and and CC 39142 1756 8 snow snow NN 39142 1756 9 , , , 39142 1756 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1756 11 dark dark JJ 39142 1756 12 oceans ocean NNS 39142 1756 13 , , , 39142 1756 14 and and CC 39142 1756 15 the the DT 39142 1756 16 vast vast JJ 39142 1756 17 cloud cloud NN 39142 1756 18 areas area NNS 39142 1756 19 would would MD 39142 1756 20 be be VB 39142 1756 21 very very RB 39142 1756 22 conspicuous conspicuous JJ 39142 1756 23 . . . 39142 1757 1 Faint faint JJ 39142 1757 2 stars star NNS 39142 1757 3 , , , 39142 1757 4 the the DT 39142 1757 5 zodiacal zodiacal JJ 39142 1757 6 light light NN 39142 1757 7 , , , 39142 1757 8 and and CC 39142 1757 9 the the DT 39142 1757 10 filmy filmy NNP 39142 1757 11 solar solar JJ 39142 1757 12 corona corona NN 39142 1757 13 would would MD 39142 1757 14 be be VB 39142 1757 15 visible visible JJ 39142 1757 16 , , , 39142 1757 17 probably probably RB 39142 1757 18 even even RB 39142 1757 19 close close VB 39142 1757 20 up up RP 39142 1757 21 to to IN 39142 1757 22 the the DT 39142 1757 23 sun sun NN 39142 1757 24 's 's POS 39142 1757 25 edge edge NN 39142 1757 26 ; ; : 39142 1757 27 but but CC 39142 1757 28 although although IN 39142 1757 29 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1757 30 rays ray NNS 39142 1757 31 might may MD 39142 1757 32 shine shine VB 39142 1757 33 upon upon IN 39142 1757 34 the the DT 39142 1757 35 lunar lunar JJ 39142 1757 36 rocks rock NNS 39142 1757 37 without without IN 39142 1757 38 intermission intermission NN 39142 1757 39 for for IN 39142 1757 40 a a DT 39142 1757 41 fortnight fortnight NN 39142 1757 42 , , , 39142 1757 43 probably probably RB 39142 1757 44 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1757 45 would would MD 39142 1757 46 still still RB 39142 1757 47 be be VB 39142 1757 48 too too RB 39142 1757 49 cold cold JJ 39142 1757 50 to to TO 39142 1757 51 touch touch VB 39142 1757 52 with with IN 39142 1757 53 safety safety NN 39142 1757 54 . . . 39142 1758 1 On on IN 39142 1758 2 the the DT 39142 1758 3 side side NN 39142 1758 4 of of IN 39142 1758 5 the the DT 39142 1758 6 moon moon NN 39142 1758 7 turned turn VBD 39142 1758 8 away away RB 39142 1758 9 from from IN 39142 1758 10 the the DT 39142 1758 11 sun sun NN 39142 1758 12 , , , 39142 1758 13 the the DT 39142 1758 14 temperature temperature NN 39142 1758 15 of of IN 39142 1758 16 the the DT 39142 1758 17 moon moon NN 39142 1758 18 's 's POS 39142 1758 19 surface surface NN 39142 1758 20 would would MD 39142 1758 21 fall fall VB 39142 1758 22 to to IN 39142 1758 23 that that DT 39142 1758 24 of of IN 39142 1758 25 space space NN 39142 1758 26 , , , 39142 1758 27 or or CC 39142 1758 28 many many JJ 39142 1758 29 hundred hundred CD 39142 1758 30 degrees degree NNS 39142 1758 31 below below IN 39142 1758 32 zero zero CD 39142 1758 33 . . . 39142 1759 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 1759 2 XXIX XXIX NNP 39142 1759 3 ECLIPSES eclipse NNS 39142 1759 4 OF of IN 39142 1759 5 THE the DT 39142 1759 6 MOON moon NN 39142 1759 7 Of of IN 39142 1759 8 all all PDT 39142 1759 9 the the DT 39142 1759 10 weird weird JJ 39142 1759 11 happenings happening NNS 39142 1759 12 of of IN 39142 1759 13 the the DT 39142 1759 14 nighttime nighttime NN 39142 1759 15 sky sky NN 39142 1759 16 , , , 39142 1759 17 eclipses eclipse VBZ 39142 1759 18 of of IN 39142 1759 19 the the DT 39142 1759 20 moon moon NN 39142 1759 21 are be VBP 39142 1759 22 the the DT 39142 1759 23 most most RBS 39142 1759 24 impressive impressive JJ 39142 1759 25 . . . 39142 1760 1 Rarely rarely RB 39142 1760 2 is be VBZ 39142 1760 3 there there EX 39142 1760 4 a a DT 39142 1760 5 year year NN 39142 1760 6 without without IN 39142 1760 7 one one CD 39142 1760 8 . . . 39142 1761 1 What what WP 39142 1761 2 is be VBZ 39142 1761 3 the the DT 39142 1761 4 cause cause NN 39142 1761 5 ? ? . 39142 1762 1 Simply simply RB 39142 1762 2 the the DT 39142 1762 3 earth earth NN 39142 1762 4 getting get VBG 39142 1762 5 in in RP 39142 1762 6 between between IN 39142 1762 7 sun sun NN 39142 1762 8 and and CC 39142 1762 9 moon moon NN 39142 1762 10 , , , 39142 1762 11 and and CC 39142 1762 12 thereby thereby RB 39142 1762 13 shutting shut VBG 39142 1762 14 off off RP 39142 1762 15 the the DT 39142 1762 16 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 1762 17 which which WDT 39142 1762 18 at at IN 39142 1762 19 all all DT 39142 1762 20 other other JJ 39142 1762 21 times time NNS 39142 1762 22 enables enable VBZ 39142 1762 23 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1762 24 to to TO 39142 1762 25 see see VB 39142 1762 26 the the DT 39142 1762 27 moon moon NN 39142 1762 28 . . . 39142 1763 1 As as IN 39142 1763 2 the the DT 39142 1763 3 earth earth NN 39142 1763 4 is be VBZ 39142 1763 5 a a DT 39142 1763 6 dark dark JJ 39142 1763 7 body body NN 39142 1763 8 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1763 9 must must MD 39142 1763 10 cast cast VB 39142 1763 11 a a DT 39142 1763 12 black black JJ 39142 1763 13 shadow shadow NN 39142 1763 14 on on IN 39142 1763 15 the the DT 39142 1763 16 side side NN 39142 1763 17 away away RB 39142 1763 18 from from IN 39142 1763 19 the the DT 39142 1763 20 sun sun NN 39142 1763 21 , , , 39142 1763 22 and and CC 39142 1763 23 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1763 24 is be VBZ 39142 1763 25 the the DT 39142 1763 26 moon moon NN 39142 1763 27 's be VBZ 39142 1763 28 passing passing NN 39142 1763 29 into into IN 39142 1763 30 this this DT 39142 1763 31 shadow shadow NN 39142 1763 32 or or CC 39142 1763 33 some some DT 39142 1763 34 part part NN 39142 1763 35 of of IN 39142 1763 36 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1763 37 that that WDT 39142 1763 38 causes cause VBZ 39142 1763 39 a a DT 39142 1763 40 lunar lunar JJ 39142 1763 41 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1763 42 . . . 39142 1764 1 Sun Sun NNP 39142 1764 2 and and CC 39142 1764 3 earth earth NN 39142 1764 4 being be VBG 39142 1764 5 so so RB 39142 1764 6 different different JJ 39142 1764 7 in in IN 39142 1764 8 size size NN 39142 1764 9 , , , 39142 1764 10 the the DT 39142 1764 11 earth earth NN 39142 1764 12 's 's POS 39142 1764 13 shadow shadow NN 39142 1764 14 must must MD 39142 1764 15 stretch stretch VB 39142 1764 16 away away RB 39142 1764 17 from from IN 39142 1764 18 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1764 19 into into IN 39142 1764 20 space space NN 39142 1764 21 , , , 39142 1764 22 growing grow VBG 39142 1764 23 smaller small JJR 39142 1764 24 and and CC 39142 1764 25 smaller small JJR 39142 1764 26 , , , 39142 1764 27 until until IN 39142 1764 28 at at IN 39142 1764 29 length length NN 39142 1764 30 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1764 31 comes come VBZ 39142 1764 32 to to IN 39142 1764 33 an an DT 39142 1764 34 end end NN 39142 1764 35 -- -- : 39142 1764 36 the the DT 39142 1764 37 apex apex NN 39142 1764 38 of of IN 39142 1764 39 a a DT 39142 1764 40 cone cone NN 39142 1764 41 857,000 857,000 CD 39142 1764 42 miles mile NNS 39142 1764 43 long long JJ 39142 1764 44 . . . 39142 1765 1 If if IN 39142 1765 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1765 3 cut cut VBD 39142 1765 4 off off RP 39142 1765 5 this this DT 39142 1765 6 shadow shadow NN 39142 1765 7 at at IN 39142 1765 8 the the DT 39142 1765 9 moon moon NN 39142 1765 10 's 's POS 39142 1765 11 distance distance NN 39142 1765 12 from from IN 39142 1765 13 the the DT 39142 1765 14 earth earth NN 39142 1765 15 , , , 39142 1765 16 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1765 17 find find VBP 39142 1765 18 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1765 19 about about RB 39142 1765 20 6,000 6,000 CD 39142 1765 21 miles mile NNS 39142 1765 22 in in IN 39142 1765 23 diameter diameter NN 39142 1765 24 at at IN 39142 1765 25 that that DT 39142 1765 26 point point NN 39142 1765 27 ; ; : 39142 1765 28 and and CC 39142 1765 29 this this DT 39142 1765 30 accounts account VBZ 39142 1765 31 for for IN 39142 1765 32 the the DT 39142 1765 33 fact fact NN 39142 1765 34 that that IN 39142 1765 35 the the DT 39142 1765 36 curvature curvature NN 39142 1765 37 on on IN 39142 1765 38 the the DT 39142 1765 39 side side NN 39142 1765 40 of of IN 39142 1765 41 the the DT 39142 1765 42 moon moon NN 39142 1765 43 , , , 39142 1765 44 when when WRB 39142 1765 45 the the DT 39142 1765 46 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1765 47 is be VBZ 39142 1765 48 coming come VBG 39142 1765 49 on on RP 39142 1765 50 and and CC 39142 1765 51 where where WRB 39142 1765 52 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1765 53 is be VBZ 39142 1765 54 dropping drop VBG 39142 1765 55 into into IN 39142 1765 56 the the DT 39142 1765 57 shadow shadow NN 39142 1765 58 , , , 39142 1765 59 is be VBZ 39142 1765 60 always always RB 39142 1765 61 much much RB 39142 1765 62 less less RBR 39142 1765 63 rapid rapid JJ 39142 1765 64 than than IN 39142 1765 65 the the DT 39142 1765 66 curvature curvature NN 39142 1765 67 of of IN 39142 1765 68 the the DT 39142 1765 69 moon moon NN 39142 1765 70 's 's POS 39142 1765 71 own own JJ 39142 1765 72 disk disk NN 39142 1765 73 is be VBZ 39142 1765 74 . . . 39142 1766 1 When when WRB 39142 1766 2 an an DT 39142 1766 3 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1766 4 is be VBZ 39142 1766 5 approaching approach VBG 39142 1766 6 , , , 39142 1766 7 the the DT 39142 1766 8 eastern eastern JJ 39142 1766 9 limb limb NN 39142 1766 10 will will MD 39142 1766 11 be be VB 39142 1766 12 duskily duskily RB 39142 1766 13 darkened darken VBN 39142 1766 14 for for IN 39142 1766 15 half half PDT 39142 1766 16 an an DT 39142 1766 17 hour hour NN 39142 1766 18 or or CC 39142 1766 19 more more JJR 39142 1766 20 , , , 39142 1766 21 because because IN 39142 1766 22 the the DT 39142 1766 23 moon moon NN 39142 1766 24 must must MD 39142 1766 25 first first RB 39142 1766 26 pass pass VB 39142 1766 27 through through RP 39142 1766 28 the the DT 39142 1766 29 outer outer JJ 39142 1766 30 penumbra penumbra NN 39142 1766 31 , , , 39142 1766 32 or or CC 39142 1766 33 half half JJ 39142 1766 34 - - HYPH 39142 1766 35 shadow shadow NN 39142 1766 36 which which WDT 39142 1766 37 everywhere everywhere RB 39142 1766 38 surrounds surround VBZ 39142 1766 39 the the DT 39142 1766 40 true true JJ 39142 1766 41 shadow shadow NN 39142 1766 42 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 1766 43 . . . 39142 1767 1 If if IN 39142 1767 2 the the DT 39142 1767 3 moon moon NN 39142 1767 4 hits hit VBZ 39142 1767 5 only only RB 39142 1767 6 the the DT 39142 1767 7 upper upper JJ 39142 1767 8 or or CC 39142 1767 9 lower low JJR 39142 1767 10 part part NN 39142 1767 11 of of IN 39142 1767 12 the the DT 39142 1767 13 shadow shadow NN 39142 1767 14 , , , 39142 1767 15 the the DT 39142 1767 16 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1767 17 will will MD 39142 1767 18 be be VB 39142 1767 19 only only RB 39142 1767 20 partial partial JJ 39142 1767 21 , , , 39142 1767 22 and and CC 39142 1767 23 during during IN 39142 1767 24 the the DT 39142 1767 25 progress progress NN 39142 1767 26 of of IN 39142 1767 27 the the DT 39142 1767 28 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1767 29 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1767 30 will will MD 39142 1767 31 seem seem VB 39142 1767 32 as as IN 39142 1767 33 if if IN 39142 1767 34 the the DT 39142 1767 35 uneclipsed uneclipsed JJ 39142 1767 36 part part NN 39142 1767 37 had have VBD 39142 1767 38 swung swing VBN 39142 1767 39 or or CC 39142 1767 40 twisted twist VBN 39142 1767 41 around around RB 39142 1767 42 in in IN 39142 1767 43 the the DT 39142 1767 44 sky sky NN 39142 1767 45 , , , 39142 1767 46 from from IN 39142 1767 47 the the DT 39142 1767 48 western western JJ 39142 1767 49 limb limb NN 39142 1767 50 of of IN 39142 1767 51 the the DT 39142 1767 52 moon moon NN 39142 1767 53 to to IN 39142 1767 54 the the DT 39142 1767 55 eastern eastern NNP 39142 1767 56 . . . 39142 1768 1 But but CC 39142 1768 2 when when WRB 39142 1768 3 the the DT 39142 1768 4 moon moon NN 39142 1768 5 passes pass VBZ 39142 1768 6 through through IN 39142 1768 7 the the DT 39142 1768 8 middle middle JJ 39142 1768 9 regions region NNS 39142 1768 10 of of IN 39142 1768 11 the the DT 39142 1768 12 shadow shadow NN 39142 1768 13 , , , 39142 1768 14 the the DT 39142 1768 15 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1768 16 is be VBZ 39142 1768 17 always always RB 39142 1768 18 total total JJ 39142 1768 19 , , , 39142 1768 20 and and CC 39142 1768 21 direct direct JJ 39142 1768 22 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 1768 23 is be VBZ 39142 1768 24 wholly wholly RB 39142 1768 25 cut cut VBN 39142 1768 26 off off RP 39142 1768 27 from from IN 39142 1768 28 every every DT 39142 1768 29 part part NN 39142 1768 30 of of IN 39142 1768 31 the the DT 39142 1768 32 moon moon NN 39142 1768 33 's 's POS 39142 1768 34 face face NN 39142 1768 35 , , , 39142 1768 36 for for IN 39142 1768 37 a a DT 39142 1768 38 greater great JJR 39142 1768 39 or or CC 39142 1768 40 less less JJR 39142 1768 41 length length NN 39142 1768 42 of of IN 39142 1768 43 time time NN 39142 1768 44 , , , 39142 1768 45 according accord VBG 39142 1768 46 to to IN 39142 1768 47 the the DT 39142 1768 48 part part NN 39142 1768 49 of of IN 39142 1768 50 the the DT 39142 1768 51 shadow shadow NN 39142 1768 52 through through IN 39142 1768 53 which which WDT 39142 1768 54 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1768 55 passes pass VBZ 39142 1768 56 . . . 39142 1769 1 When when WRB 39142 1769 2 passing pass VBG 39142 1769 3 centrally centrally RB 39142 1769 4 through through IN 39142 1769 5 the the DT 39142 1769 6 shadow shadow NN 39142 1769 7 , , , 39142 1769 8 the the DT 39142 1769 9 total total JJ 39142 1769 10 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1769 11 will will MD 39142 1769 12 last last VB 39142 1769 13 about about RB 39142 1769 14 two two CD 39142 1769 15 hours hour NNS 39142 1769 16 , , , 39142 1769 17 as as IN 39142 1769 18 the the DT 39142 1769 19 moon moon NN 39142 1769 20 's 's POS 39142 1769 21 diameter diameter NN 39142 1769 22 is be VBZ 39142 1769 23 about about RB 39142 1769 24 one one CD 39142 1769 25 - - HYPH 39142 1769 26 third third NN 39142 1769 27 of of IN 39142 1769 28 the the DT 39142 1769 29 breadth breadth NN 39142 1769 30 of of IN 39142 1769 31 the the DT 39142 1769 32 shadow shadow NN 39142 1769 33 ; ; : 39142 1769 34 and and CC 39142 1769 35 the the DT 39142 1769 36 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1769 37 will will MD 39142 1769 38 be be VB 39142 1769 39 partial partial JJ 39142 1769 40 about about RB 39142 1769 41 two two CD 39142 1769 42 hours hour NNS 39142 1769 43 longer long RBR 39142 1769 44 , , , 39142 1769 45 an an DT 39142 1769 46 hour hour NN 39142 1769 47 at at IN 39142 1769 48 beginning beginning NN 39142 1769 49 and and CC 39142 1769 50 an an DT 39142 1769 51 hour hour NN 39142 1769 52 at at IN 39142 1769 53 the the DT 39142 1769 54 end end NN 39142 1769 55 , , , 39142 1769 56 because because IN 39142 1769 57 the the DT 39142 1769 58 moon moon NN 39142 1769 59 moves move VBZ 39142 1769 60 over over IN 39142 1769 61 her -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1769 62 own own JJ 39142 1769 63 breadth breadth NN 39142 1769 64 in in IN 39142 1769 65 about about RB 39142 1769 66 an an DT 39142 1769 67 hour hour NN 39142 1769 68 . . . 39142 1770 1 While while IN 39142 1770 2 the the DT 39142 1770 3 moon moon NN 39142 1770 4 is be VBZ 39142 1770 5 wholly wholly RB 39142 1770 6 immersed immerse VBN 39142 1770 7 in in IN 39142 1770 8 the the DT 39142 1770 9 shadow shadow NN 39142 1770 10 , , , 39142 1770 11 her -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1770 12 body body NN 39142 1770 13 is be VBZ 39142 1770 14 nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 1770 15 visible visible JJ 39142 1770 16 , , , 39142 1770 17 as as IN 39142 1770 18 a a DT 39142 1770 19 dull dull JJ 39142 1770 20 tarnished tarnished JJ 39142 1770 21 copper copper NN 39142 1770 22 disk disk NN 39142 1770 23 ; ; : 39142 1770 24 and and CC 39142 1770 25 this this DT 39142 1770 26 is be VBZ 39142 1770 27 caused cause VBN 39142 1770 28 by by IN 39142 1770 29 the the DT 39142 1770 30 reddish reddish JJ 39142 1770 31 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 1770 32 which which WDT 39142 1770 33 grazes graze VBZ 39142 1770 34 the the DT 39142 1770 35 earth earth NN 39142 1770 36 all all RB 39142 1770 37 around around RB 39142 1770 38 and and CC 39142 1770 39 is be VBZ 39142 1770 40 refracted refract VBN 39142 1770 41 or or CC 39142 1770 42 bent bent JJ 39142 1770 43 by by IN 39142 1770 44 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1770 45 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1770 46 into into IN 39142 1770 47 the the DT 39142 1770 48 shadow shadow NN 39142 1770 49 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 1770 50 . . . 39142 1771 1 If if IN 39142 1771 2 this this DT 39142 1771 3 belt belt NN 39142 1771 4 or or CC 39142 1771 5 ring ring NN 39142 1771 6 of of IN 39142 1771 7 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 39142 1771 8 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1771 9 happens happen VBZ 39142 1771 10 to to TO 39142 1771 11 be be VB 39142 1771 12 everywhere everywhere RB 39142 1771 13 filled fill VBN 39142 1771 14 with with IN 39142 1771 15 dense dense JJ 39142 1771 16 clouds cloud NNS 39142 1771 17 , , , 39142 1771 18 as as IN 39142 1771 19 was be VBD 39142 1771 20 the the DT 39142 1771 21 case case NN 39142 1771 22 in in IN 39142 1771 23 1886 1886 CD 39142 1771 24 , , , 39142 1771 25 even even RB 39142 1771 26 the the DT 39142 1771 27 familiar familiar JJ 39142 1771 28 copper copper NN 39142 1771 29 moon moon NN 39142 1771 30 of of IN 39142 1771 31 a a DT 39142 1771 32 total total JJ 39142 1771 33 lunar lunar JJ 39142 1771 34 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1771 35 disappears disappear VBZ 39142 1771 36 completely completely RB 39142 1771 37 in in IN 39142 1771 38 the the DT 39142 1771 39 black black JJ 39142 1771 40 sky sky NN 39142 1771 41 . . . 39142 1772 1 Quite quite RB 39142 1772 2 different different JJ 39142 1772 3 from from IN 39142 1772 4 a a DT 39142 1772 5 solar solar JJ 39142 1772 6 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1772 7 , , , 39142 1772 8 all all PDT 39142 1772 9 the the DT 39142 1772 10 phases phase NNS 39142 1772 11 of of IN 39142 1772 12 a a DT 39142 1772 13 lunar lunar JJ 39142 1772 14 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1772 15 are be VBP 39142 1772 16 visible visible JJ 39142 1772 17 at at IN 39142 1772 18 the the DT 39142 1772 19 same same JJ 39142 1772 20 time time NN 39142 1772 21 on on IN 39142 1772 22 the the DT 39142 1772 23 earth earth NN 39142 1772 24 wherever wherever WRB 39142 1772 25 the the DT 39142 1772 26 moon moon NN 39142 1772 27 is be VBZ 39142 1772 28 above above IN 39142 1772 29 the the DT 39142 1772 30 horizon horizon NN 39142 1772 31 . . . 39142 1773 1 Eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1773 2 of of IN 39142 1773 3 the the DT 39142 1773 4 moon moon NN 39142 1773 5 are be VBP 39142 1773 6 therefore therefore RB 39142 1773 7 seen see VBN 39142 1773 8 with with IN 39142 1773 9 great great JJ 39142 1773 10 frequency frequency NN 39142 1773 11 at at IN 39142 1773 12 any any DT 39142 1773 13 given give VBN 39142 1773 14 place place NN 39142 1773 15 as as IN 39142 1773 16 compared compare VBN 39142 1773 17 with with IN 39142 1773 18 solar solar JJ 39142 1773 19 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1773 20 , , , 39142 1773 21 which which WDT 39142 1773 22 are be VBP 39142 1773 23 restricted restrict VBN 39142 1773 24 to to TO 39142 1773 25 relatively relatively RB 39142 1773 26 narrow narrow JJ 39142 1773 27 areas area NNS 39142 1773 28 of of IN 39142 1773 29 the the DT 39142 1773 30 earth earth NN 39142 1773 31 's 's POS 39142 1773 32 surface surface NN 39142 1773 33 . . . 39142 1774 1 Nor nor CC 39142 1774 2 are be VBP 39142 1774 3 lunar lunar JJ 39142 1774 4 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1774 5 of of IN 39142 1774 6 very very RB 39142 1774 7 much much JJ 39142 1774 8 significance significance NN 39142 1774 9 to to IN 39142 1774 10 the the DT 39142 1774 11 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 1774 12 , , , 39142 1774 13 mainly mainly RB 39142 1774 14 because because IN 39142 1774 15 of of IN 39142 1774 16 the the DT 39142 1774 17 slowness slowness NN 39142 1774 18 and and CC 39142 1774 19 indefiniteness indefiniteness NN 39142 1774 20 of of IN 39142 1774 21 the the DT 39142 1774 22 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 1774 23 . . . 39142 1775 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1775 2 is be VBZ 39142 1775 3 a a DT 39142 1775 4 good good JJ 39142 1775 5 time time NN 39142 1775 6 to to TO 39142 1775 7 observe observe VB 39142 1775 8 occultations occultation NNS 39142 1775 9 of of IN 39142 1775 10 faint faint JJ 39142 1775 11 stars star NNS 39142 1775 12 at at IN 39142 1775 13 the the DT 39142 1775 14 moon moon NN 39142 1775 15 's 's POS 39142 1775 16 edge edge NN 39142 1775 17 or or CC 39142 1775 18 limb limb NN 39142 1775 19 , , , 39142 1775 20 and and CC 39142 1775 21 several several JJ 39142 1775 22 such such JJ 39142 1775 23 programs program NNS 39142 1775 24 have have VBP 39142 1775 25 been be VBN 39142 1775 26 carried carry VBN 39142 1775 27 out out RP 39142 1775 28 by by IN 39142 1775 29 cooperation cooperation NN 39142 1775 30 of of IN 39142 1775 31 observatories observatory NNS 39142 1775 32 in in IN 39142 1775 33 widely widely RB 39142 1775 34 separate separate JJ 39142 1775 35 regions region NNS 39142 1775 36 of of IN 39142 1775 37 the the DT 39142 1775 38 world world NN 39142 1775 39 : : : 39142 1775 40 the the DT 39142 1775 41 object object NN 39142 1775 42 being be VBG 39142 1775 43 improvement improvement NN 39142 1775 44 in in IN 39142 1775 45 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1775 46 knowledge knowledge NN 39142 1775 47 of of IN 39142 1775 48 the the DT 39142 1775 49 distance distance NN 39142 1775 50 of of IN 39142 1775 51 the the DT 39142 1775 52 moon moon NN 39142 1775 53 , , , 39142 1775 54 and and CC 39142 1775 55 in in IN 39142 1775 56 the the DT 39142 1775 57 accuracy accuracy NN 39142 1775 58 of of IN 39142 1775 59 the the DT 39142 1775 60 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 1775 61 tables table NNS 39142 1775 62 of of IN 39142 1775 63 her -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1775 64 motion motion NN 39142 1775 65 . . . 39142 1776 1 Search search VB 39142 1776 2 by by IN 39142 1776 3 photography photography NN 39142 1776 4 for for IN 39142 1776 5 a a DT 39142 1776 6 possible possible JJ 39142 1776 7 satellite satellite NN 39142 1776 8 , , , 39142 1776 9 or or CC 39142 1776 10 moon moon NN 39142 1776 11 of of IN 39142 1776 12 the the DT 39142 1776 13 moon moon NN 39142 1776 14 , , , 39142 1776 15 has have VBZ 39142 1776 16 been be VBN 39142 1776 17 made make VBN 39142 1776 18 on on IN 39142 1776 19 several several JJ 39142 1776 20 occasions occasion NNS 39142 1776 21 , , , 39142 1776 22 though though RB 39142 1776 23 without without IN 39142 1776 24 success success NN 39142 1776 25 . . . 39142 1777 1 A a DT 39142 1777 2 lunar lunar JJ 39142 1777 3 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1777 4 was be VBD 39142 1777 5 first first RB 39142 1777 6 observed observe VBN 39142 1777 7 and and CC 39142 1777 8 photographed photograph VBN 39142 1777 9 from from IN 39142 1777 10 an an DT 39142 1777 11 aeroplane aeroplane NN 39142 1777 12 , , , 39142 1777 13 May May NNP 39142 1777 14 2 2 CD 39142 1777 15 , , , 39142 1777 16 1920 1920 CD 39142 1777 17 . . . 39142 1778 1 At at IN 39142 1778 2 the the DT 39142 1778 3 request request NN 39142 1778 4 of of IN 39142 1778 5 the the DT 39142 1778 6 writer writer NN 39142 1778 7 , , , 39142 1778 8 two two CD 39142 1778 9 aviators aviator NNS 39142 1778 10 of of IN 39142 1778 11 the the DT 39142 1778 12 United United NNP 39142 1778 13 States States NNP 39142 1778 14 navy navy NNP 39142 1778 15 ascended ascend VBD 39142 1778 16 to to IN 39142 1778 17 a a DT 39142 1778 18 height height NN 39142 1778 19 of of IN 39142 1778 20 15,000 15,000 CD 39142 1778 21 feet foot NNS 39142 1778 22 above above IN 39142 1778 23 Rockaway Rockaway NNP 39142 1778 24 , , , 39142 1778 25 and and CC 39142 1778 26 secured secure VBD 39142 1778 27 many many JJ 39142 1778 28 advantages advantage NNS 39142 1778 29 accruing accrue VBG 39142 1778 30 from from IN 39142 1778 31 great great JJ 39142 1778 32 elevation elevation NN 39142 1778 33 in in IN 39142 1778 34 viewing view VBG 39142 1778 35 a a DT 39142 1778 36 celestial celestial JJ 39142 1778 37 phenomenon phenomenon NN 39142 1778 38 of of IN 39142 1778 39 this this DT 39142 1778 40 character character NN 39142 1778 41 . . . 39142 1779 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39142 1779 2 XXX XXX NNP 39142 1779 3 TOTAL TOTAL NNP 39142 1779 4 ECLIPSES eclipse NNS 39142 1779 5 OF of IN 39142 1779 6 THE the DT 39142 1779 7 SUN SUN NNP 39142 1779 8 Primitive Primitive NNP 39142 1779 9 peoples people NNS 39142 1779 10 indulged indulge VBN 39142 1779 11 in in IN 39142 1779 12 every every DT 39142 1779 13 variety variety NN 39142 1779 14 of of IN 39142 1779 15 explanation explanation NN 39142 1779 16 of of IN 39142 1779 17 mysterious mysterious JJ 39142 1779 18 happenings happening NNS 39142 1779 19 in in IN 39142 1779 20 the the DT 39142 1779 21 sky sky NN 39142 1779 22 . . . 39142 1780 1 To to IN 39142 1780 2 the the DT 39142 1780 3 Chinese Chinese NNPS 39142 1780 4 and and CC 39142 1780 5 all all RB 39142 1780 6 through through IN 39142 1780 7 India India NNP 39142 1780 8 , , , 39142 1780 9 a a DT 39142 1780 10 total total JJ 39142 1780 11 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1780 12 of of IN 39142 1780 13 the the DT 39142 1780 14 sun sun NN 39142 1780 15 is be VBZ 39142 1780 16 caused cause VBN 39142 1780 17 by by IN 39142 1780 18 " " `` 39142 1780 19 a a DT 39142 1780 20 certain certain JJ 39142 1780 21 dragon dragon NN 39142 1780 22 with with IN 39142 1780 23 very very RB 39142 1780 24 black black JJ 39142 1780 25 claws claws NN 39142 1780 26 , , , 39142 1780 27 " " '' 39142 1780 28 who who WP 39142 1780 29 , , , 39142 1780 30 except except IN 39142 1780 31 for for IN 39142 1780 32 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1780 33 frightening frightening JJ 39142 1780 34 him -PRON- PRP 39142 1780 35 away away RB 39142 1780 36 by by IN 39142 1780 37 every every DT 39142 1780 38 conceivable conceivable JJ 39142 1780 39 sort sort NN 39142 1780 40 of of IN 39142 1780 41 hideous hideous JJ 39142 1780 42 noise noise NN 39142 1780 43 , , , 39142 1780 44 would would MD 39142 1780 45 most most RBS 39142 1780 46 certainly certainly RB 39142 1780 47 " " `` 39142 1780 48 eat eat VB 39142 1780 49 up up RP 39142 1780 50 the the DT 39142 1780 51 sun sun NN 39142 1780 52 . . . 39142 1780 53 " " '' 39142 1781 1 The the DT 39142 1781 2 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1781 3 always always RB 39142 1781 4 goes go VBZ 39142 1781 5 off off RP 39142 1781 6 , , , 39142 1781 7 the the DT 39142 1781 8 sun sun NN 39142 1781 9 has have VBZ 39142 1781 10 never never RB 39142 1781 11 been be VBN 39142 1781 12 eaten eat VBN 39142 1781 13 yet yet RB 39142 1781 14 . . . 39142 1782 1 Can Can MD 39142 1782 2 you -PRON- PRP 39142 1782 3 convince convince VB 39142 1782 4 a a DT 39142 1782 5 Chinaman Chinaman NNP 39142 1782 6 that that WDT 39142 1782 7 Rahu Rahu NNP 39142 1782 8 , , , 39142 1782 9 the the DT 39142 1782 10 Dragon Dragon NNP 39142 1782 11 , , , 39142 1782 12 would would MD 39142 1782 13 n't not RB 39142 1782 14 have have VB 39142 1782 15 eaten eat VBN 39142 1782 16 up up RP 39142 1782 17 the the DT 39142 1782 18 sun sun NN 39142 1782 19 , , , 39142 1782 20 if if IN 39142 1782 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1782 22 unearthly unearthly JJ 39142 1782 23 din din NN 39142 1782 24 had have VBD 39142 1782 25 n't not RB 39142 1782 26 frightened frighten VBN 39142 1782 27 him -PRON- PRP 39142 1782 28 away away RB 39142 1782 29 ? ? . 39142 1783 1 In in IN 39142 1783 2 Japan Japan NNP 39142 1783 3 the the DT 39142 1783 4 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1783 5 drops drop VBZ 39142 1783 6 poison poison NN 39142 1783 7 from from IN 39142 1783 8 the the DT 39142 1783 9 sky sky NN 39142 1783 10 into into IN 39142 1783 11 wells well NNS 39142 1783 12 , , , 39142 1783 13 so so CC 39142 1783 14 the the DT 39142 1783 15 Japanese Japanese NNPS 39142 1783 16 cover cover VBP 39142 1783 17 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1783 18 up up RP 39142 1783 19 . . . 39142 1784 1 Fontenelle Fontenelle NNP 39142 1784 2 relates relate VBZ 39142 1784 3 that that IN 39142 1784 4 in in IN 39142 1784 5 the the DT 39142 1784 6 middle middle NN 39142 1784 7 of of IN 39142 1784 8 the the DT 39142 1784 9 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 39142 1784 10 century century NN 39142 1784 11 a a DT 39142 1784 12 multitude multitude NN 39142 1784 13 of of IN 39142 1784 14 people people NNS 39142 1784 15 shut shut VBD 39142 1784 16 themselves -PRON- PRP 39142 1784 17 up up RP 39142 1784 18 in in IN 39142 1784 19 cellars cellar NNS 39142 1784 20 in in IN 39142 1784 21 Paris Paris NNP 39142 1784 22 during during IN 39142 1784 23 a a DT 39142 1784 24 total total JJ 39142 1784 25 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1784 26 . . . 39142 1785 1 In in IN 39142 1785 2 the the DT 39142 1785 3 Shu Shu NNP 39142 1785 4 - - HYPH 39142 1785 5 king king NNP 39142 1785 6 , , , 39142 1785 7 an an DT 39142 1785 8 ancient ancient JJ 39142 1785 9 Chinese chinese JJ 39142 1785 10 work work NN 39142 1785 11 , , , 39142 1785 12 occurs occur VBZ 39142 1785 13 the the DT 39142 1785 14 earliest early JJS 39142 1785 15 record record NN 39142 1785 16 of of IN 39142 1785 17 a a DT 39142 1785 18 total total JJ 39142 1785 19 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1785 20 of of IN 39142 1785 21 the the DT 39142 1785 22 sun sun NN 39142 1785 23 , , , 39142 1785 24 in in IN 39142 1785 25 the the DT 39142 1785 26 year year NN 39142 1785 27 B. B. NNP 39142 1785 28 C. C. NNP 39142 1785 29 2158 2158 CD 39142 1785 30 . . . 39142 1786 1 The the DT 39142 1786 2 Nineveh Nineveh NNP 39142 1786 3 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1786 4 of of IN 39142 1786 5 B. B. NNP 39142 1786 6 C. C. NNP 39142 1786 7 763 763 CD 39142 1786 8 is be VBZ 39142 1786 9 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 1786 10 the the DT 39142 1786 11 first first JJ 39142 1786 12 of of IN 39142 1786 13 the the DT 39142 1786 14 ancient ancient JJ 39142 1786 15 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1786 16 of of IN 39142 1786 17 which which WDT 39142 1786 18 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1786 19 possess possess VBP 39142 1786 20 a a DT 39142 1786 21 really really RB 39142 1786 22 clear clear JJ 39142 1786 23 description description NN 39142 1786 24 on on IN 39142 1786 25 the the DT 39142 1786 26 Assyrian assyrian JJ 39142 1786 27 eponym eponym NN 39142 1786 28 tablets tablet NNS 39142 1786 29 in in IN 39142 1786 30 the the DT 39142 1786 31 British British NNP 39142 1786 32 Museum Museum NNP 39142 1786 33 . . . 39142 1787 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1787 2 is be VBZ 39142 1787 3 the the DT 39142 1787 4 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1787 5 possibly possibly RB 39142 1787 6 referred refer VBD 39142 1787 7 to to IN 39142 1787 8 in in IN 39142 1787 9 the the DT 39142 1787 10 Book Book NNP 39142 1787 11 of of IN 39142 1787 12 Amos Amos NNPS 39142 1787 13 , , , 39142 1787 14 viii viii RB 39142 1787 15 . . . 39142 1788 1 But but CC 39142 1788 2 of of IN 39142 1788 3 all all PDT 39142 1788 4 the the DT 39142 1788 5 ancient ancient JJ 39142 1788 6 eclipses eclipse VBZ 39142 1788 7 none none NN 39142 1788 8 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 1788 9 exceeds exceed VBZ 39142 1788 10 in in IN 39142 1788 11 interest interest NN 39142 1788 12 the the DT 39142 1788 13 famous famous JJ 39142 1788 14 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1788 15 of of IN 39142 1788 16 Thales Thales NNP 39142 1788 17 , , , 39142 1788 18 B. B. NNP 39142 1788 19 C. C. NNP 39142 1788 20 585 585 CD 39142 1788 21 , , , 39142 1788 22 May May NNP 39142 1788 23 28 28 CD 39142 1788 24 . . . 39142 1789 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1789 2 is be VBZ 39142 1789 3 the the DT 39142 1789 4 first first JJ 39142 1789 5 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1789 6 to to TO 39142 1789 7 have have VB 39142 1789 8 been be VBN 39142 1789 9 predicted predict VBN 39142 1789 10 , , , 39142 1789 11 probably probably RB 39142 1789 12 by by IN 39142 1789 13 means mean NNS 39142 1789 14 of of IN 39142 1789 15 the the DT 39142 1789 16 saros saro NNS 39142 1789 17 , , , 39142 1789 18 or or CC 39142 1789 19 18-year 18-year CD 39142 1789 20 period period NN 39142 1789 21 of of IN 39142 1789 22 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1789 23 , , , 39142 1789 24 which which WDT 39142 1789 25 is be VBZ 39142 1789 26 useful useful JJ 39142 1789 27 as as IN 39142 1789 28 an an DT 39142 1789 29 approximate approximate JJ 39142 1789 30 method method NN 39142 1789 31 even even RB 39142 1789 32 at at IN 39142 1789 33 the the DT 39142 1789 34 present present JJ 39142 1789 35 day day NN 39142 1789 36 . . . 39142 1790 1 But but CC 39142 1790 2 the the DT 39142 1790 3 accident accident NN 39142 1790 4 of of IN 39142 1790 5 a a DT 39142 1790 6 war war NN 39142 1790 7 between between IN 39142 1790 8 the the DT 39142 1790 9 Lydians Lydians NNPS 39142 1790 10 and and CC 39142 1790 11 the the DT 39142 1790 12 Medes Medes NNP 39142 1790 13 has have VBZ 39142 1790 14 added add VBN 39142 1790 15 greatly greatly RB 39142 1790 16 to to IN 39142 1790 17 the the DT 39142 1790 18 historic historic JJ 39142 1790 19 interest interest NN 39142 1790 20 , , , 39142 1790 21 because because IN 39142 1790 22 the the DT 39142 1790 23 combatants combatant NNS 39142 1790 24 were be VBD 39142 1790 25 so so RB 39142 1790 26 terrified terrify VBN 39142 1790 27 by by IN 39142 1790 28 the the DT 39142 1790 29 sudden sudden JJ 39142 1790 30 turning turning NN 39142 1790 31 of of IN 39142 1790 32 day day NN 39142 1790 33 into into IN 39142 1790 34 night night NN 39142 1790 35 that that IN 39142 1790 36 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1790 37 at at IN 39142 1790 38 once once RB 39142 1790 39 concluded conclude VBD 39142 1790 40 a a DT 39142 1790 41 peace peace NN 39142 1790 42 cemented cement VBN 39142 1790 43 by by IN 39142 1790 44 two two CD 39142 1790 45 marriages marriage NNS 39142 1790 46 . . . 39142 1791 1 Very very RB 39142 1791 2 many many JJ 39142 1791 3 of of IN 39142 1791 4 the the DT 39142 1791 5 ancient ancient JJ 39142 1791 6 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1791 7 have have VBP 39142 1791 8 been be VBN 39142 1791 9 of of IN 39142 1791 10 great great JJ 39142 1791 11 use use NN 39142 1791 12 to to IN 39142 1791 13 the the DT 39142 1791 14 historian historian NN 39142 1791 15 in in IN 39142 1791 16 verifying verifying NN 39142 1791 17 dates date NNS 39142 1791 18 , , , 39142 1791 19 and and CC 39142 1791 20 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 1791 21 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1791 22 have have VBP 39142 1791 23 employed employ VBN 39142 1791 24 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1791 25 in in IN 39142 1791 26 correcting correct VBG 39142 1791 27 the the DT 39142 1791 28 lunar lunar JJ 39142 1791 29 tables table NNS 39142 1791 30 , , , 39142 1791 31 or or CC 39142 1791 32 intricate intricate JJ 39142 1791 33 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 1791 34 data datum NNS 39142 1791 35 by by IN 39142 1791 36 which which WDT 39142 1791 37 the the DT 39142 1791 38 motion motion NN 39142 1791 39 of of IN 39142 1791 40 the the DT 39142 1791 41 moon moon NN 39142 1791 42 is be VBZ 39142 1791 43 predicted predict VBN 39142 1791 44 . . . 39142 1792 1 Coming come VBG 39142 1792 2 down down RP 39142 1792 3 to to IN 39142 1792 4 the the DT 39142 1792 5 middle middle NN 39142 1792 6 of of IN 39142 1792 7 the the DT 39142 1792 8 sixth sixth JJ 39142 1792 9 century century NN 39142 1792 10 , , , 39142 1792 11 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1792 12 find find VBP 39142 1792 13 the the DT 39142 1792 14 first first JJ 39142 1792 15 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1792 16 recorded record VBN 39142 1792 17 in in IN 39142 1792 18 England England NNP 39142 1792 19 , , , 39142 1792 20 in in IN 39142 1792 21 the the DT 39142 1792 22 " " `` 39142 1792 23 Saxon Saxon NNP 39142 1792 24 Chronicle Chronicle NNP 39142 1792 25 , , , 39142 1792 26 " " '' 39142 1792 27 A. A. NNP 39142 1792 28 D. D. NNP 39142 1792 29 538 538 CD 39142 1792 30 . . . 39142 1793 1 During during IN 39142 1793 2 the the DT 39142 1793 3 epoch epoch NN 39142 1793 4 of of IN 39142 1793 5 the the DT 39142 1793 6 Arabian Arabian NNP 39142 1793 7 Nights Nights NNPS 39142 1793 8 several several JJ 39142 1793 9 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1793 10 were be VBD 39142 1793 11 witnessed witness VBN 39142 1793 12 at at IN 39142 1793 13 Bagdad Bagdad NNP 39142 1793 14 , , , 39142 1793 15 A. a. NN 39142 1793 16 D. D. NNP 39142 1793 17 829 829 CD 39142 1793 18 to to IN 39142 1793 19 928 928 CD 39142 1793 20 , , , 39142 1793 21 and and CC 39142 1793 22 many many PDT 39142 1793 23 a a DT 39142 1793 24 century century NN 39142 1793 25 later later RB 39142 1793 26 by by IN 39142 1793 27 Ibu Ibu NNP 39142 1793 28 - - HYPH 39142 1793 29 Jounis Jounis NNP 39142 1793 30 , , , 39142 1793 31 court court NN 39142 1793 32 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 1793 33 of of IN 39142 1793 34 Hakem Hakem NNP 39142 1793 35 , , , 39142 1793 36 the the DT 39142 1793 37 Caliph Caliph NNP 39142 1793 38 of of IN 39142 1793 39 Egypt Egypt NNP 39142 1793 40 . . . 39142 1794 1 Nothing nothing NN 39142 1794 2 is be VBZ 39142 1794 3 more more RBR 39142 1794 4 interesting interesting JJ 39142 1794 5 than than IN 39142 1794 6 to to TO 39142 1794 7 search search VB 39142 1794 8 the the DT 39142 1794 9 quaint quaint NN 39142 1794 10 records record NNS 39142 1794 11 of of IN 39142 1794 12 these these DT 39142 1794 13 ancient ancient JJ 39142 1794 14 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1794 15 . . . 39142 1795 1 One one CD 39142 1795 2 occurring occur VBG 39142 1795 3 in in IN 39142 1795 4 1560 1560 CD 39142 1795 5 , , , 39142 1795 6 when when WRB 39142 1795 7 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 1795 8 Brahe Brahe NNP 39142 1795 9 was be VBD 39142 1795 10 but but CC 39142 1795 11 fourteen fourteen CD 39142 1795 12 , , , 39142 1795 13 had have VBD 39142 1795 14 much much JJ 39142 1795 15 to to TO 39142 1795 16 do do VB 39142 1795 17 with with IN 39142 1795 18 turning turn VBG 39142 1795 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1795 20 permanent permanent JJ 39142 1795 21 interest interest NN 39142 1795 22 toward toward IN 39142 1795 23 mathematics mathematic NNS 39142 1795 24 and and CC 39142 1795 25 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 1795 26 . . . 39142 1796 1 The the DT 39142 1796 2 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1796 3 of of IN 39142 1796 4 1612 1612 CD 39142 1796 5 was be VBD 39142 1796 6 the the DT 39142 1796 7 first first JJ 39142 1796 8 " " `` 39142 1796 9 seen see VBN 39142 1796 10 through through IN 39142 1796 11 a a DT 39142 1796 12 tube tube NN 39142 1796 13 , , , 39142 1796 14 " " '' 39142 1796 15 the the DT 39142 1796 16 telescope telescope NN 39142 1796 17 having have VBG 39142 1796 18 been be VBN 39142 1796 19 invented invent VBN 39142 1796 20 only only RB 39142 1796 21 a a DT 39142 1796 22 few few JJ 39142 1796 23 years year NNS 39142 1796 24 before before RB 39142 1796 25 . . . 39142 1797 1 " " `` 39142 1797 2 Paradise Paradise NNP 39142 1797 3 Lost Lost NNP 39142 1797 4 " " '' 39142 1797 5 was be VBD 39142 1797 6 completed complete VBN 39142 1797 7 about about IN 39142 1797 8 1665 1665 CD 39142 1797 9 , , , 39142 1797 10 and and CC 39142 1797 11 the the DT 39142 1797 12 censorship censorship NN 39142 1797 13 was be VBD 39142 1797 14 still still RB 39142 1797 15 in in IN 39142 1797 16 existence existence NN 39142 1797 17 ; ; , 39142 1797 18 and and CC 39142 1797 19 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1797 20 is be VBZ 39142 1797 21 matter matter NN 39142 1797 22 of of IN 39142 1797 23 record record NN 39142 1797 24 that that IN 39142 1797 25 the the DT 39142 1797 26 oft oft RB 39142 1797 27 - - HYPH 39142 1797 28 quoted quote VBN 39142 1797 29 passage passage NN 39142 1797 30 , , , 39142 1797 31 " " `` 39142 1797 32 As as IN 39142 1797 33 when when WRB 39142 1797 34 the the DT 39142 1797 35 Sun Sun NNP 39142 1797 36 , , , 39142 1797 37 new new JJ 39142 1797 38 risen risen NN 39142 1797 39 , , , 39142 1797 40 Looks look VBZ 39142 1797 41 through through IN 39142 1797 42 the the DT 39142 1797 43 horizontal horizontal JJ 39142 1797 44 misty misty JJ 39142 1797 45 air air NN 39142 1797 46 , , , 39142 1797 47 Shorn Shorn NNP 39142 1797 48 of of IN 39142 1797 49 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1797 50 beams beam NNS 39142 1797 51 ; ; , 39142 1797 52 or or CC 39142 1797 53 from from IN 39142 1797 54 behind behind IN 39142 1797 55 the the DT 39142 1797 56 Moon Moon NNP 39142 1797 57 , , , 39142 1797 58 In in IN 39142 1797 59 dim dim JJ 39142 1797 60 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1797 61 , , , 39142 1797 62 disastrous disastrous JJ 39142 1797 63 twilight twilight NN 39142 1797 64 sheds shed VBZ 39142 1797 65 On on IN 39142 1797 66 half half PDT 39142 1797 67 the the DT 39142 1797 68 nations nation NNS 39142 1797 69 , , , 39142 1797 70 and and CC 39142 1797 71 with with IN 39142 1797 72 fear fear NN 39142 1797 73 of of IN 39142 1797 74 change change NN 39142 1797 75 Perplexes Perplexes NNP 39142 1797 76 monarchs monarch NNS 39142 1797 77 . . . 39142 1797 78 " " '' 39142 1798 1 _ _ NNP 39142 1798 2 P. P. NNP 39142 1799 1 L. L. NNP 39142 1799 2 _ _ NNP 39142 1799 3 , , , 39142 1799 4 i. i. NNP 39142 1800 1 594 594 CD 39142 1800 2 was be VBD 39142 1800 3 strongly strongly RB 39142 1800 4 urged urge VBN 39142 1800 5 as as IN 39142 1800 6 sufficient sufficient JJ 39142 1800 7 reason reason NN 39142 1800 8 for for IN 39142 1800 9 suppressing suppress VBG 39142 1800 10 the the DT 39142 1800 11 entire entire JJ 39142 1800 12 epic epic NN 39142 1800 13 . . . 39142 1801 1 London London NNP 39142 1801 2 was be VBD 39142 1801 3 favored favor VBN 39142 1801 4 with with IN 39142 1801 5 the the DT 39142 1801 6 outflashing outflashe VBG 39142 1801 7 corona corona NN 39142 1801 8 , , , 39142 1801 9 May May NNP 39142 1801 10 3 3 CD 39142 1801 11 , , , 39142 1801 12 1715 1715 CD 39142 1801 13 , , , 39142 1801 14 and and CC 39142 1801 15 a a DT 39142 1801 16 pamphlet pamphlet NN 39142 1801 17 was be VBD 39142 1801 18 issued issue VBN 39142 1801 19 in in IN 39142 1801 20 prediction prediction NN 39142 1801 21 , , , 39142 1801 22 entitled entitle VBN 39142 1801 23 " " `` 39142 1801 24 The the DT 39142 1801 25 Black Black NNP 39142 1801 26 Day Day NNP 39142 1801 27 , , , 39142 1801 28 or or CC 39142 1801 29 a a DT 39142 1801 30 Prospect Prospect NNP 39142 1801 31 of of IN 39142 1801 32 Doomsday Doomsday NNP 39142 1801 33 . . . 39142 1801 34 " " '' 39142 1802 1 The the DT 39142 1802 2 first first JJ 39142 1802 3 American american JJ 39142 1802 4 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1802 5 expedition expedition NN 39142 1802 6 was be VBD 39142 1802 7 on on IN 39142 1802 8 occasion occasion NN 39142 1802 9 of of IN 39142 1802 10 the the DT 39142 1802 11 totality totality NN 39142 1802 12 of of IN 39142 1802 13 Oct. October NNP 39142 1802 14 27 27 CD 39142 1802 15 , , , 39142 1802 16 1780 1780 CD 39142 1802 17 , , , 39142 1802 18 sent send VBN 39142 1802 19 out out RP 39142 1802 20 by by IN 39142 1802 21 Harvard Harvard NNP 39142 1802 22 College College NNP 39142 1802 23 and and CC 39142 1802 24 the the DT 39142 1802 25 American American NNP 39142 1802 26 Academy Academy NNP 39142 1802 27 of of IN 39142 1802 28 Arts Arts NNPS 39142 1802 29 and and CC 39142 1802 30 Sciences Sciences NNPS 39142 1802 31 under under IN 39142 1802 32 Professor Professor NNP 39142 1802 33 Samuel Samuel NNP 39142 1802 34 Williams Williams NNP 39142 1802 35 to to IN 39142 1802 36 Penobscot Penobscot NNP 39142 1802 37 . . . 39142 1803 1 There there EX 39142 1803 2 was be VBD 39142 1803 3 a a DT 39142 1803 4 fine fine JJ 39142 1803 5 total total JJ 39142 1803 6 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1803 7 from from IN 39142 1803 8 Albany Albany NNP 39142 1803 9 to to IN 39142 1803 10 Boston Boston NNP 39142 1803 11 on on IN 39142 1803 12 June June NNP 39142 1803 13 16 16 CD 39142 1803 14 , , , 39142 1803 15 1806 1806 CD 39142 1803 16 , , , 39142 1803 17 and and CC 39142 1803 18 many many JJ 39142 1803 19 important important JJ 39142 1803 20 observations observation NNS 39142 1803 21 of of IN 39142 1803 22 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1803 23 were be VBD 39142 1803 24 made make VBN 39142 1803 25 in in IN 39142 1803 26 this this DT 39142 1803 27 country country NN 39142 1803 28 . . . 39142 1804 1 But but CC 39142 1804 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1804 3 was be VBD 39142 1804 4 not not RB 39142 1804 5 till till IN 39142 1804 6 the the DT 39142 1804 7 European european JJ 39142 1804 8 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1804 9 of of IN 39142 1804 10 1842 1842 CD 39142 1804 11 that that DT 39142 1804 12 research research NN 39142 1804 13 got get VBD 39142 1804 14 fully fully RB 39142 1804 15 under under IN 39142 1804 16 way way NN 39142 1804 17 , , , 39142 1804 18 because because IN 39142 1804 19 the the DT 39142 1804 20 germ germ NN 39142 1804 21 of of IN 39142 1804 22 the the DT 39142 1804 23 new new JJ 39142 1804 24 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 1804 25 , , , 39142 1804 26 particularly particularly RB 39142 1804 27 as as IN 39142 1804 28 applied apply VBN 39142 1804 29 to to IN 39142 1804 30 the the DT 39142 1804 31 sun sun NN 39142 1804 32 , , , 39142 1804 33 had have VBD 39142 1804 34 begun begin VBN 39142 1804 35 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1804 36 development development NN 39142 1804 37 ; ; : 39142 1804 38 and and CC 39142 1804 39 the the DT 39142 1804 40 significance significance NN 39142 1804 41 of of IN 39142 1804 42 the the DT 39142 1804 43 corona corona NN 39142 1804 44 was be VBD 39142 1804 45 obvious obvious JJ 39142 1804 46 , , , 39142 1804 47 if if IN 39142 1804 48 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1804 49 could could MD 39142 1804 50 be be VB 39142 1804 51 proved prove VBN 39142 1804 52 a a DT 39142 1804 53 true true JJ 39142 1804 54 appendage appendage NN 39142 1804 55 of of IN 39142 1804 56 the the DT 39142 1804 57 sun sun NN 39142 1804 58 . . . 39142 1805 1 Photography Photography NNP 39142 1805 2 had have VBD 39142 1805 3 not not RB 39142 1805 4 long long RB 39142 1805 5 been be VBN 39142 1805 6 discovered discover VBN 39142 1805 7 , , , 39142 1805 8 and and CC 39142 1805 9 the the DT 39142 1805 10 corona corona NN 39142 1805 11 of of IN 39142 1805 12 1851 1851 CD 39142 1805 13 was be VBD 39142 1805 14 the the DT 39142 1805 15 first first JJ 39142 1805 16 to to TO 39142 1805 17 be be VB 39142 1805 18 automatically automatically RB 39142 1805 19 registered register VBN 39142 1805 20 on on IN 39142 1805 21 a a DT 39142 1805 22 daguerreotype daguerreotype NN 39142 1805 23 . . . 39142 1806 1 In in IN 39142 1806 2 1860 1860 CD 39142 1806 3 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1806 4 was be VBD 39142 1806 5 proved prove VBN 39142 1806 6 that that IN 39142 1806 7 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1806 8 and and CC 39142 1806 9 corona corona NN 39142 1806 10 both both DT 39142 1806 11 belong belong VBP 39142 1806 12 to to IN 39142 1806 13 the the DT 39142 1806 14 sun sun NN 39142 1806 15 and and CC 39142 1806 16 not not RB 39142 1806 17 to to IN 39142 1806 18 the the DT 39142 1806 19 moon moon NN 39142 1806 20 . . . 39142 1807 1 The the DT 39142 1807 2 great great JJ 39142 1807 3 Indian indian JJ 39142 1807 4 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1807 5 of of IN 39142 1807 6 1868 1868 CD 39142 1807 7 brought bring VBD 39142 1807 8 the the DT 39142 1807 9 important important JJ 39142 1807 10 discovery discovery NN 39142 1807 11 that that IN 39142 1807 12 the the DT 39142 1807 13 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1807 14 can can MD 39142 1807 15 be be VB 39142 1807 16 observed observe VBN 39142 1807 17 at at IN 39142 1807 18 any any DT 39142 1807 19 time time NN 39142 1807 20 without without IN 39142 1807 21 an an DT 39142 1807 22 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1807 23 by by IN 39142 1807 24 means mean NNS 39142 1807 25 of of IN 39142 1807 26 the the DT 39142 1807 27 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 1807 28 . . . 39142 1808 1 In in IN 39142 1808 2 1869 1869 CD 39142 1808 3 bright bright JJ 39142 1808 4 lines line NNS 39142 1808 5 were be VBD 39142 1808 6 found find VBN 39142 1808 7 in in IN 39142 1808 8 the the DT 39142 1808 9 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1808 10 of of IN 39142 1808 11 the the DT 39142 1808 12 corona corona NN 39142 1808 13 , , , 39142 1808 14 one one CD 39142 1808 15 line line NN 39142 1808 16 in in IN 39142 1808 17 the the DT 39142 1808 18 green green NN 39142 1808 19 indicating indicate VBG 39142 1808 20 the the DT 39142 1808 21 presence presence NN 39142 1808 22 of of IN 39142 1808 23 an an DT 39142 1808 24 element element NN 39142 1808 25 not not RB 39142 1808 26 then then RB 39142 1808 27 known know VBN 39142 1808 28 on on IN 39142 1808 29 the the DT 39142 1808 30 earth earth NN 39142 1808 31 and and CC 39142 1808 32 hence hence RB 39142 1808 33 called call VBN 39142 1808 34 coronium coronium NN 39142 1808 35 . . . 39142 1809 1 In in IN 39142 1809 2 1870 1870 CD 39142 1809 3 the the DT 39142 1809 4 reversing reversing NN 39142 1809 5 layer layer NN 39142 1809 6 or or CC 39142 1809 7 stratum stratum NN 39142 1809 8 of of IN 39142 1809 9 the the DT 39142 1809 10 sun sun NN 39142 1809 11 was be VBD 39142 1809 12 discovered discover VBN 39142 1809 13 . . . 39142 1810 1 In in IN 39142 1810 2 1878 1878 CD 39142 1810 3 a a DT 39142 1810 4 vast vast JJ 39142 1810 5 ecliptic ecliptic JJ 39142 1810 6 extension extension NN 39142 1810 7 of of IN 39142 1810 8 the the DT 39142 1810 9 streams stream NNS 39142 1810 10 of of IN 39142 1810 11 the the DT 39142 1810 12 corona corona NN 39142 1810 13 many many JJ 39142 1810 14 millions million NNS 39142 1810 15 of of IN 39142 1810 16 miles mile NNS 39142 1810 17 both both CC 39142 1810 18 east east NNP 39142 1810 19 and and CC 39142 1810 20 west west NN 39142 1810 21 of of IN 39142 1810 22 the the DT 39142 1810 23 sun sun NN 39142 1810 24 was be VBD 39142 1810 25 first first RB 39142 1810 26 seen see VBN 39142 1810 27 . . . 39142 1811 1 This this DT 39142 1811 2 is be VBZ 39142 1811 3 now now RB 39142 1811 4 known know VBN 39142 1811 5 to to TO 39142 1811 6 be be VB 39142 1811 7 the the DT 39142 1811 8 type type NN 39142 1811 9 of of IN 39142 1811 10 corona corona NN 39142 1811 11 characteristic characteristic NN 39142 1811 12 of of IN 39142 1811 13 minimum minimum JJ 39142 1811 14 spots spot NNS 39142 1811 15 on on IN 39142 1811 16 the the DT 39142 1811 17 sun sun NN 39142 1811 18 . . . 39142 1812 1 In in IN 39142 1812 2 1882 1882 CD 39142 1812 3 the the DT 39142 1812 4 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1812 5 of of IN 39142 1812 6 the the DT 39142 1812 7 corona corona NN 39142 1812 8 was be VBD 39142 1812 9 first first RB 39142 1812 10 photographed photograph VBN 39142 1812 11 and and CC 39142 1812 12 in in IN 39142 1812 13 1889 1889 CD 39142 1812 14 excellent excellent JJ 39142 1812 15 detail detail NN 39142 1812 16 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1812 17 of of IN 39142 1812 18 the the DT 39142 1812 19 corona corona NN 39142 1812 20 were be VBD 39142 1812 21 taken take VBN 39142 1812 22 . . . 39142 1813 1 In in IN 39142 1813 2 1893 1893 CD 39142 1813 3 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1813 4 was be VBD 39142 1813 5 shown show VBN 39142 1813 6 that that IN 39142 1813 7 the the DT 39142 1813 8 corona corona NN 39142 1813 9 quite quite RB 39142 1813 10 certainly certainly RB 39142 1813 11 rotates rotate VBZ 39142 1813 12 bodily bodily RB 39142 1813 13 with with IN 39142 1813 14 the the DT 39142 1813 15 sun sun NN 39142 1813 16 . . . 39142 1814 1 In in IN 39142 1814 2 1896 1896 CD 39142 1814 3 actual actual JJ 39142 1814 4 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1814 5 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1814 6 of of IN 39142 1814 7 the the DT 39142 1814 8 reversing reversing NN 39142 1814 9 layer layer NN 39142 1814 10 established establish VBD 39142 1814 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1814 12 existence existence NN 39142 1814 13 beyond beyond IN 39142 1814 14 doubt--"flash doubt--"flash NNP 39142 1814 15 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1814 16 " " `` 39142 1814 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1814 18 is be VBZ 39142 1814 19 often often RB 39142 1814 20 called call VBN 39142 1814 21 . . . 39142 1815 1 In in IN 39142 1815 2 1898 1898 CD 39142 1815 3 the the DT 39142 1815 4 long long JJ 39142 1815 5 ecliptic ecliptic JJ 39142 1815 6 streamers streamer NNS 39142 1815 7 of of IN 39142 1815 8 the the DT 39142 1815 9 corona corona NN 39142 1815 10 were be VBD 39142 1815 11 successfully successfully RB 39142 1815 12 photographed photograph VBN 39142 1815 13 for for IN 39142 1815 14 the the DT 39142 1815 15 first first JJ 39142 1815 16 time time NN 39142 1815 17 . . . 39142 1816 1 In in IN 39142 1816 2 1900 1900 CD 39142 1816 3 the the DT 39142 1816 4 depth depth NN 39142 1816 5 of of IN 39142 1816 6 the the DT 39142 1816 7 reversing reversing NN 39142 1816 8 layer layer NN 39142 1816 9 was be VBD 39142 1816 10 found find VBN 39142 1816 11 to to TO 39142 1816 12 average average VB 39142 1816 13 500 500 CD 39142 1816 14 miles mile NNS 39142 1816 15 , , , 39142 1816 16 the the DT 39142 1816 17 heat heat NN 39142 1816 18 of of IN 39142 1816 19 the the DT 39142 1816 20 corona corona NN 39142 1816 21 was be VBD 39142 1816 22 first first RB 39142 1816 23 measured measure VBN 39142 1816 24 by by IN 39142 1816 25 the the DT 39142 1816 26 bolometer bolometer NN 39142 1816 27 , , , 39142 1816 28 and and CC 39142 1816 29 many many JJ 39142 1816 30 observations observation NNS 39142 1816 31 showed show VBD 39142 1816 32 that that IN 39142 1816 33 the the DT 39142 1816 34 coronal coronal JJ 39142 1816 35 streamers streamer NNS 39142 1816 36 , , , 39142 1816 37 in in IN 39142 1816 38 part part NN 39142 1816 39 at at IN 39142 1816 40 least least RBS 39142 1816 41 , , , 39142 1816 42 partake partake NN 39142 1816 43 of of IN 39142 1816 44 the the DT 39142 1816 45 nature nature NN 39142 1816 46 of of IN 39142 1816 47 electric electric JJ 39142 1816 48 discharges discharge NNS 39142 1816 49 . . . 39142 1817 1 All all DT 39142 1817 2 subsequent subsequent JJ 39142 1817 3 total total JJ 39142 1817 4 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1817 5 have have VBP 39142 1817 6 been be VBN 39142 1817 7 carefully carefully RB 39142 1817 8 observed observe VBN 39142 1817 9 , , , 39142 1817 10 in in IN 39142 1817 11 whatever whatever WDT 39142 1817 12 part part NN 39142 1817 13 of of IN 39142 1817 14 the the DT 39142 1817 15 world world NN 39142 1817 16 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1817 17 may may MD 39142 1817 18 happen happen VB 39142 1817 19 , , , 39142 1817 20 and and CC 39142 1817 21 each each DT 39142 1817 22 has have VBZ 39142 1817 23 added add VBN 39142 1817 24 new new JJ 39142 1817 25 results result NNS 39142 1817 26 of of IN 39142 1817 27 significance significance NN 39142 1817 28 to to IN 39142 1817 29 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1817 30 theories theory NNS 39142 1817 31 of of IN 39142 1817 32 the the DT 39142 1817 33 corona corona NN 39142 1817 34 and and CC 39142 1817 35 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1817 36 relation relation NN 39142 1817 37 to to IN 39142 1817 38 the the DT 39142 1817 39 radiant radiant JJ 39142 1817 40 energy energy NN 39142 1817 41 of of IN 39142 1817 42 the the DT 39142 1817 43 sun sun NN 39142 1817 44 . . . 39142 1818 1 In in IN 39142 1818 2 very very RB 39142 1818 3 recent recent JJ 39142 1818 4 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1818 5 the the DT 39142 1818 6 cinematograph cinematograph NN 39142 1818 7 has have VBZ 39142 1818 8 been be VBN 39142 1818 9 brought bring VBN 39142 1818 10 into into IN 39142 1818 11 action action NN 39142 1818 12 as as IN 39142 1818 13 an an DT 39142 1818 14 efficient efficient JJ 39142 1818 15 adjunct adjunct NN 39142 1818 16 of of IN 39142 1818 17 observation observation NN 39142 1818 18 ; ; : 39142 1818 19 in in IN 39142 1818 20 1914 1914 CD 39142 1818 21 the the DT 39142 1818 22 first first JJ 39142 1818 23 successful successful JJ 39142 1818 24 " " `` 39142 1818 25 movie movie NN 39142 1818 26 " " '' 39142 1818 27 of of IN 39142 1818 28 the the DT 39142 1818 29 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1818 30 was be VBD 39142 1818 31 secured secure VBN 39142 1818 32 in in IN 39142 1818 33 Sweden Sweden NNP 39142 1818 34 , , , 39142 1818 35 and and CC 39142 1818 36 in in IN 39142 1818 37 1918 1918 CD 39142 1818 38 Frost Frost NNP 39142 1818 39 of of IN 39142 1818 40 the the DT 39142 1818 41 Yerkes Yerkes NNP 39142 1818 42 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1818 43 first first RB 39142 1818 44 applied apply VBD 39142 1818 45 the the DT 39142 1818 46 cinematograph cinematograph NN 39142 1818 47 to to IN 39142 1818 48 registry registry NN 39142 1818 49 of of IN 39142 1818 50 the the DT 39142 1818 51 " " `` 39142 1818 52 flash flash NN 39142 1818 53 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1818 54 , , , 39142 1818 55 " " '' 39142 1818 56 and and CC 39142 1818 57 Stebbins stebbin NNS 39142 1818 58 tested test VBD 39142 1818 59 out out RP 39142 1818 60 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1818 61 photo photo NN 39142 1818 62 - - HYPH 39142 1818 63 electric electric JJ 39142 1818 64 cell cell NN 39142 1818 65 on on IN 39142 1818 66 the the DT 39142 1818 67 corona corona NN 39142 1818 68 , , , 39142 1818 69 making make VBG 39142 1818 70 the the DT 39142 1818 71 brightness brightness NN 39142 1818 72 0.5 0.5 CD 39142 1818 73 that that DT 39142 1818 74 of of IN 39142 1818 75 the the DT 39142 1818 76 full full JJ 39142 1818 77 moon moon NN 39142 1818 78 . . . 39142 1819 1 In in IN 39142 1819 2 1914 1914 CD 39142 1819 3 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1819 4 Russia Russia NNP 39142 1819 5 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1819 6 and and CC 39142 1819 7 again again RB 39142 1819 8 in in IN 39142 1819 9 1919 1919 CD 39142 1819 10 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1819 11 on on IN 39142 1819 12 the the DT 39142 1819 13 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 39142 1819 14 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1819 15 the the DT 39142 1819 16 obvious obvious JJ 39142 1819 17 advantages advantage NNS 39142 1819 18 of of IN 39142 1819 19 the the DT 39142 1819 20 aeroplane aeroplane NN 39142 1819 21 in in IN 39142 1819 22 ecliptic ecliptic JJ 39142 1819 23 observation observation NN 39142 1819 24 and and CC 39142 1819 25 photography photography NN 39142 1819 26 were be VBD 39142 1819 27 sought seek VBN 39142 1819 28 by by IN 39142 1819 29 the the DT 39142 1819 30 writer writer NN 39142 1819 31 , , , 39142 1819 32 though though IN 39142 1819 33 unsuccessfully unsuccessfully RB 39142 1819 34 . . . 39142 1820 1 The the DT 39142 1820 2 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1820 3 tests test NNS 39142 1820 4 , , , 39142 1820 5 however however RB 39142 1820 6 , , , 39142 1820 7 conducted conduct VBN 39142 1820 8 in in IN 39142 1820 9 preparation preparation NN 39142 1820 10 for for IN 39142 1820 11 these these DT 39142 1820 12 expeditions expedition NNS 39142 1820 13 proved prove VBD 39142 1820 14 the the DT 39142 1820 15 entire entire JJ 39142 1820 16 practicability practicability NN 39142 1820 17 of of IN 39142 1820 18 securing secure VBG 39142 1820 19 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1820 20 results result NNS 39142 1820 21 of of IN 39142 1820 22 much much JJ 39142 1820 23 value value NN 39142 1820 24 , , , 39142 1820 25 independently independently RB 39142 1820 26 of of IN 39142 1820 27 clouds cloud NNS 39142 1820 28 below below RB 39142 1820 29 . . . 39142 1821 1 Eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1821 2 in in IN 39142 1821 3 the the DT 39142 1821 4 near near JJ 39142 1821 5 future future NN 39142 1821 6 will will MD 39142 1821 7 be be VB 39142 1821 8 total total JJ 39142 1821 9 in in IN 39142 1821 10 Australia Australia NNP 39142 1821 11 about about IN 39142 1821 12 six six CD 39142 1821 13 minutes minute NNS 39142 1821 14 on on IN 39142 1821 15 September September NNP 39142 1821 16 21 21 CD 39142 1821 17 , , , 39142 1821 18 1922 1922 CD 39142 1821 19 ; ; : 39142 1821 20 in in IN 39142 1821 21 California California NNP 39142 1821 22 and and CC 39142 1821 23 Mexico Mexico NNP 39142 1821 24 about about IN 39142 1821 25 four four CD 39142 1821 26 minutes minute NNS 39142 1821 27 on on IN 39142 1821 28 September September NNP 39142 1821 29 10 10 CD 39142 1821 30 , , , 39142 1821 31 1923 1923 CD 39142 1821 32 ; ; : 39142 1821 33 and and CC 39142 1821 34 along along IN 39142 1821 35 a a DT 39142 1821 36 line line NN 39142 1821 37 from from IN 39142 1821 38 Toronto Toronto NNP 39142 1821 39 to to IN 39142 1821 40 Nantucket Nantucket NNP 39142 1821 41 about about RB 39142 1821 42 two two CD 39142 1821 43 minutes minute NNS 39142 1821 44 on on IN 39142 1821 45 the the DT 39142 1821 46 morning morning NN 39142 1821 47 of of IN 39142 1821 48 January January NNP 39142 1821 49 24 24 CD 39142 1821 50 , , , 39142 1821 51 1925 1925 CD 39142 1821 52 . . . 39142 1822 1 To to IN 39142 1822 2 all all DT 39142 1822 3 spectators spectator NNS 39142 1822 4 , , , 39142 1822 5 savage savage NN 39142 1822 6 or or CC 39142 1822 7 civilized civilized JJ 39142 1822 8 , , , 39142 1822 9 scientist scientist NN 39142 1822 10 or or CC 39142 1822 11 layman layman NN 39142 1822 12 , , , 39142 1822 13 a a DT 39142 1822 14 total total JJ 39142 1822 15 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1822 16 is be VBZ 39142 1822 17 wonderful wonderful JJ 39142 1822 18 and and CC 39142 1822 19 impressive impressive JJ 39142 1822 20 . . . 39142 1823 1 Langley Langley NNP 39142 1823 2 said say VBD 39142 1823 3 : : : 39142 1823 4 " " `` 39142 1823 5 The the DT 39142 1823 6 spectacle spectacle NN 39142 1823 7 is be VBZ 39142 1823 8 one one CD 39142 1823 9 of of IN 39142 1823 10 which which WDT 39142 1823 11 , , , 39142 1823 12 though though IN 39142 1823 13 the the DT 39142 1823 14 man man NN 39142 1823 15 of of IN 39142 1823 16 science science NN 39142 1823 17 may may MD 39142 1823 18 prosaically prosaically RB 39142 1823 19 state state VB 39142 1823 20 the the DT 39142 1823 21 facts fact NNS 39142 1823 22 , , , 39142 1823 23 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 1823 24 only only RB 39142 1823 25 the the DT 39142 1823 26 poet poet NN 39142 1823 27 could could MD 39142 1823 28 render render VB 39142 1823 29 the the DT 39142 1823 30 impression impression NN 39142 1823 31 . . . 39142 1823 32 " " '' 39142 1824 1 Very very RB 39142 1824 2 gradually gradually RB 39142 1824 3 the the DT 39142 1824 4 moon moon NN 39142 1824 5 steals steal VBZ 39142 1824 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1824 7 way way NN 39142 1824 8 across across IN 39142 1824 9 the the DT 39142 1824 10 face face NN 39142 1824 11 of of IN 39142 1824 12 the the DT 39142 1824 13 sun sun NN 39142 1824 14 , , , 39142 1824 15 the the DT 39142 1824 16 lessened lessened JJ 39142 1824 17 light light NN 39142 1824 18 is be VBZ 39142 1824 19 hardly hardly RB 39142 1824 20 noticed notice VBN 39142 1824 21 . . . 39142 1825 1 If if IN 39142 1825 2 one one CD 39142 1825 3 is be VBZ 39142 1825 4 near near IN 39142 1825 5 a a DT 39142 1825 6 tree tree NN 39142 1825 7 through through IN 39142 1825 8 whose whose WP$ 39142 1825 9 foliage foliage NN 39142 1825 10 the the DT 39142 1825 11 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 1825 12 filters filter NNS 39142 1825 13 , , , 39142 1825 14 an an DT 39142 1825 15 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 39142 1825 16 sight sight NN 39142 1825 17 is be VBZ 39142 1825 18 seen see VBN 39142 1825 19 ; ; : 39142 1825 20 the the DT 39142 1825 21 ground ground NN 39142 1825 22 all all DT 39142 1825 23 about about IN 39142 1825 24 is be VBZ 39142 1825 25 covered cover VBN 39142 1825 26 with with IN 39142 1825 27 luminous luminous JJ 39142 1825 28 crescents crescent NNS 39142 1825 29 , , , 39142 1825 30 instead instead RB 39142 1825 31 of of IN 39142 1825 32 the the DT 39142 1825 33 overlapping overlap VBG 39142 1825 34 disks disk NNS 39142 1825 35 which which WDT 39142 1825 36 were be VBD 39142 1825 37 there there RB 39142 1825 38 before before IN 39142 1825 39 the the DT 39142 1825 40 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1825 41 came come VBD 39142 1825 42 on on RP 39142 1825 43 ; ; : 39142 1825 44 in in IN 39142 1825 45 both both DT 39142 1825 46 cases case NNS 39142 1825 47 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1825 48 are be VBP 39142 1825 49 images image NNS 39142 1825 50 of of IN 39142 1825 51 the the DT 39142 1825 52 disk disk NN 39142 1825 53 of of IN 39142 1825 54 the the DT 39142 1825 55 sun sun NN 39142 1825 56 at at IN 39142 1825 57 the the DT 39142 1825 58 time time NN 39142 1825 59 , , , 39142 1825 60 and and CC 39142 1825 61 the the DT 39142 1825 62 narrowing narrow VBG 39142 1825 63 crescents crescent NNS 39142 1825 64 will will MD 39142 1825 65 be be VB 39142 1825 66 watched watch VBN 39142 1825 67 with with IN 39142 1825 68 interest interest NN 39142 1825 69 as as IN 39142 1825 70 totality totality NN 39142 1825 71 approaches approach NNS 39142 1825 72 . . . 39142 1826 1 Then then RB 39142 1826 2 the the DT 39142 1826 3 shadow shadow NN 39142 1826 4 bands band NNS 39142 1826 5 may may MD 39142 1826 6 be be VB 39142 1826 7 seen see VBN 39142 1826 8 flitting flit VBG 39142 1826 9 across across IN 39142 1826 10 the the DT 39142 1826 11 landscape landscape NN 39142 1826 12 , , , 39142 1826 13 like like IN 39142 1826 14 " " `` 39142 1826 15 visible visible JJ 39142 1826 16 wind wind NN 39142 1826 17 . . . 39142 1826 18 " " '' 39142 1827 1 They -PRON- PRP 39142 1827 2 are be VBP 39142 1827 3 probably probably RB 39142 1827 4 related related JJ 39142 1827 5 to to IN 39142 1827 6 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1827 7 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1827 8 and and CC 39142 1827 9 the the DT 39142 1827 10 very very RB 39142 1827 11 slender slend JJR 39142 1827 12 crescent crescent NN 39142 1827 13 from from IN 39142 1827 14 which which WDT 39142 1827 15 true true JJ 39142 1827 16 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 1827 17 still still RB 39142 1827 18 comes come VBZ 39142 1827 19 . . . 39142 1828 1 Then then RB 39142 1828 2 for for IN 39142 1828 3 a a DT 39142 1828 4 few few JJ 39142 1828 5 seconds second NNS 39142 1828 6 the the DT 39142 1828 7 moon moon NN 39142 1828 8 's 's POS 39142 1828 9 actual actual JJ 39142 1828 10 shadow shadow NN 39142 1828 11 may may MD 39142 1828 12 be be VB 39142 1828 13 caught catch VBN 39142 1828 14 in in IN 39142 1828 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1828 16 approach approach NN 39142 1828 17 , , , 39142 1828 18 very very RB 39142 1828 19 suddenly suddenly RB 39142 1828 20 the the DT 39142 1828 21 darkness darkness NN 39142 1828 22 steals steal VBZ 39142 1828 23 over over IN 39142 1828 24 the the DT 39142 1828 25 landscape landscape NN 39142 1828 26 and and CC 39142 1828 27 -- -- : 39142 1828 28 totality totality NN 39142 1828 29 is be VBZ 39142 1828 30 on on IN 39142 1828 31 . . . 39142 1829 1 How how WRB 39142 1829 2 lucky lucky JJ 39142 1829 3 if if IN 39142 1829 4 there there EX 39142 1829 5 are be VBP 39142 1829 6 no no DT 39142 1829 7 clouds cloud NNS 39142 1829 8 ! ! . 39142 1830 1 Every every DT 39142 1830 2 eye eye NN 39142 1830 3 is be VBZ 39142 1830 4 riveted rivet VBN 39142 1830 5 on on IN 39142 1830 6 " " `` 39142 1830 7 the the DT 39142 1830 8 incomparable incomparable JJ 39142 1830 9 corona corona NN 39142 1830 10 , , , 39142 1830 11 a a DT 39142 1830 12 silvery silvery JJ 39142 1830 13 , , , 39142 1830 14 soft soft JJ 39142 1830 15 , , , 39142 1830 16 unearthly unearthly JJ 39142 1830 17 light light NN 39142 1830 18 , , , 39142 1830 19 with with IN 39142 1830 20 radiant radiant JJ 39142 1830 21 streamers streamer NNS 39142 1830 22 , , , 39142 1830 23 stretching stretch VBG 39142 1830 24 at at IN 39142 1830 25 times time NNS 39142 1830 26 millions million NNS 39142 1830 27 of of IN 39142 1830 28 uncomprehended uncomprehended JJ 39142 1830 29 miles mile NNS 39142 1830 30 into into IN 39142 1830 31 space space NN 39142 1830 32 , , , 39142 1830 33 while while IN 39142 1830 34 the the DT 39142 1830 35 rosy rosy JJ 39142 1830 36 flaming flaming JJ 39142 1830 37 protuberances protuberance NNS 39142 1830 38 skirt skirt VBP 39142 1830 39 the the DT 39142 1830 40 black black JJ 39142 1830 41 rim rim NN 39142 1830 42 of of IN 39142 1830 43 the the DT 39142 1830 44 moon moon NN 39142 1830 45 in in IN 39142 1830 46 ethereal ethereal NNP 39142 1830 47 splendor splendor NNP 39142 1830 48 . . . 39142 1830 49 " " '' 39142 1831 1 Then then RB 39142 1831 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1831 3 is be VBZ 39142 1831 4 now now RB 39142 1831 5 or or CC 39142 1831 6 never never RB 39142 1831 7 with with IN 39142 1831 8 observer observer NN 39142 1831 9 and and CC 39142 1831 10 photographer photographer NN 39142 1831 11 . . . 39142 1832 1 Months month NNS 39142 1832 2 of of IN 39142 1832 3 diligent diligent JJ 39142 1832 4 preparations preparation NNS 39142 1832 5 at at IN 39142 1832 6 home home NN 39142 1832 7 followed follow VBN 39142 1832 8 by by IN 39142 1832 9 weeks week NNS 39142 1832 10 of of IN 39142 1832 11 tedious tedious JJ 39142 1832 12 journey journey NN 39142 1832 13 abroad abroad RB 39142 1832 14 , , , 39142 1832 15 with with IN 39142 1832 16 days day NNS 39142 1832 17 of of IN 39142 1832 18 strenuous strenuous JJ 39142 1832 19 preparation preparation NN 39142 1832 20 and and CC 39142 1832 21 rehearsals rehearsal NNS 39142 1832 22 at at IN 39142 1832 23 the the DT 39142 1832 24 station station NN 39142 1832 25 -- -- : 39142 1832 26 all all DT 39142 1832 27 go go VBP 39142 1832 28 for for IN 39142 1832 29 naught naught NN 39142 1832 30 unless unless IN 39142 1832 31 the the DT 39142 1832 32 whole whole NN 39142 1832 33 is be VBZ 39142 1832 34 tuned tune VBN 39142 1832 35 up up RP 39142 1832 36 to to TO 39142 1832 37 perfect perfect VB 39142 1832 38 operation operation NN 39142 1832 39 the the DT 39142 1832 40 instant instant JJ 39142 1832 41 totality totality NN 39142 1832 42 begins begin VBZ 39142 1832 43 . . . 39142 1833 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1833 2 may may MD 39142 1833 3 last last VB 39142 1833 4 but but CC 39142 1833 5 a a DT 39142 1833 6 minute minute NN 39142 1833 7 , , , 39142 1833 8 or or CC 39142 1833 9 even even RB 39142 1833 10 less less JJR 39142 1833 11 ; ; : 39142 1833 12 in in IN 39142 1833 13 1937 1937 CD 39142 1833 14 , , , 39142 1833 15 however however RB 39142 1833 16 , , , 39142 1833 17 total total JJ 39142 1833 18 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1833 19 will will MD 39142 1833 20 last last VB 39142 1833 21 7 7 CD 39142 1833 22 minutes minute NNS 39142 1833 23 20 20 CD 39142 1833 24 seconds second NNS 39142 1833 25 , , , 39142 1833 26 the the DT 39142 1833 27 longest long JJS 39142 1833 28 ever ever RB 39142 1833 29 observed observe VBN 39142 1833 30 , , , 39142 1833 31 and and CC 39142 1833 32 within within IN 39142 1833 33 half half PDT 39142 1833 34 a a DT 39142 1833 35 minute minute NN 39142 1833 36 of of IN 39142 1833 37 the the DT 39142 1833 38 longest long JJS 39142 1833 39 possible possible JJ 39142 1833 40 . . . 39142 1834 1 All all DT 39142 1834 2 is be VBZ 39142 1834 3 over over RB 39142 1834 4 as as RB 39142 1834 5 suddenly suddenly RB 39142 1834 6 as as IN 39142 1834 7 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1834 8 came come VBD 39142 1834 9 on on RP 39142 1834 10 . . . 39142 1835 1 The the DT 39142 1835 2 first first JJ 39142 1835 3 thing thing NN 39142 1835 4 is be VBZ 39142 1835 5 to to TO 39142 1835 6 complete complete VB 39142 1835 7 records record NNS 39142 1835 8 , , , 39142 1835 9 develop develop VB 39142 1835 10 plates plate NNS 39142 1835 11 , , , 39142 1835 12 and and CC 39142 1835 13 see see VB 39142 1835 14 if if IN 39142 1835 15 everything everything NN 39142 1835 16 worked work VBD 39142 1835 17 perfectly perfectly RB 39142 1835 18 . . . 39142 1836 1 There there EX 39142 1836 2 is be VBZ 39142 1836 3 great great JJ 39142 1836 4 utility utility NN 39142 1836 5 back back RB 39142 1836 6 of of IN 39142 1836 7 all all DT 39142 1836 8 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1836 9 research research NN 39142 1836 10 , , , 39142 1836 11 on on IN 39142 1836 12 account account NN 39142 1836 13 of of IN 39142 1836 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1836 15 wide wide JJ 39142 1836 16 bearing bearing NN 39142 1836 17 on on IN 39142 1836 18 meteorology meteorology NN 39142 1836 19 and and CC 39142 1836 20 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 39142 1836 21 physics physics NN 39142 1836 22 , , , 39142 1836 23 and and CC 39142 1836 24 possibly possibly RB 39142 1836 25 the the DT 39142 1836 26 direct direct JJ 39142 1836 27 use use NN 39142 1836 28 of of IN 39142 1836 29 solar solar JJ 39142 1836 30 energy energy NN 39142 1836 31 for for IN 39142 1836 32 industrial industrial JJ 39142 1836 33 purposes purpose NNS 39142 1836 34 . . . 39142 1837 1 With with IN 39142 1837 2 this this DT 39142 1837 3 purpose purpose NN 39142 1837 4 in in IN 39142 1837 5 view view NN 39142 1837 6 the the DT 39142 1837 7 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 1837 8 devotes devote VBZ 39142 1837 9 himself -PRON- PRP 39142 1837 10 unsparingly unsparingly RB 39142 1837 11 to to IN 39142 1837 12 the the DT 39142 1837 13 acquisition acquisition NN 39142 1837 14 of of IN 39142 1837 15 every every DT 39142 1837 16 possible possible JJ 39142 1837 17 fact fact NN 39142 1837 18 about about IN 39142 1837 19 the the DT 39142 1837 20 sun sun NN 39142 1837 21 and and CC 39142 1837 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1837 23 corona corona NN 39142 1837 24 . . . 39142 1838 1 Considering consider VBG 39142 1838 2 the the DT 39142 1838 3 earth earth NN 39142 1838 4 as as IN 39142 1838 5 a a DT 39142 1838 6 whole whole NN 39142 1838 7 , , , 39142 1838 8 the the DT 39142 1838 9 number number NN 39142 1838 10 of of IN 39142 1838 11 total total JJ 39142 1838 12 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1838 13 will will MD 39142 1838 14 average average VB 39142 1838 15 nearly nearly RB 39142 1838 16 seventy seventy CD 39142 1838 17 to to IN 39142 1838 18 the the DT 39142 1838 19 century century NN 39142 1838 20 . . . 39142 1839 1 But but CC 39142 1839 2 at at IN 39142 1839 3 any any DT 39142 1839 4 given give VBN 39142 1839 5 place place NN 39142 1839 6 , , , 39142 1839 7 one one PRP 39142 1839 8 may may MD 39142 1839 9 count count VB 39142 1839 10 himself -PRON- PRP 39142 1839 11 very very RB 39142 1839 12 fortunate fortunate JJ 39142 1839 13 if if IN 39142 1839 14 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1839 15 sees see VBZ 39142 1839 16 a a DT 39142 1839 17 single single JJ 39142 1839 18 total total JJ 39142 1839 19 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1839 20 , , , 39142 1839 21 although although IN 39142 1839 22 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1839 23 may may MD 39142 1839 24 see see VB 39142 1839 25 several several JJ 39142 1839 26 partial partial JJ 39142 1839 27 ones one NNS 39142 1839 28 without without IN 39142 1839 29 going go VBG 39142 1839 30 from from IN 39142 1839 31 home home NN 39142 1839 32 . . . 39142 1840 1 Then then RB 39142 1840 2 , , , 39142 1840 3 too too RB 39142 1840 4 , , , 39142 1840 5 there there EX 39142 1840 6 are be VBP 39142 1840 7 annular annular JJ 39142 1840 8 or or CC 39142 1840 9 ring ring NN 39142 1840 10 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1840 11 , , , 39142 1840 12 averaging average VBG 39142 1840 13 seven seven CD 39142 1840 14 in in IN 39142 1840 15 eight eight CD 39142 1840 16 years year NNS 39142 1840 17 . . . 39142 1841 1 But but CC 39142 1841 2 had have VBD 39142 1841 3 one one CD 39142 1841 4 been be VBN 39142 1841 5 born bear VBN 39142 1841 6 in in IN 39142 1841 7 Boston Boston NNP 39142 1841 8 or or CC 39142 1841 9 New New NNP 39142 1841 10 York York NNP 39142 1841 11 in in IN 39142 1841 12 the the DT 39142 1841 13 latter latter JJ 39142 1841 14 part part NN 39142 1841 15 of of IN 39142 1841 16 the the DT 39142 1841 17 eighteenth eighteenth JJ 39142 1841 18 century century NN 39142 1841 19 , , , 39142 1841 20 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1841 21 might may MD 39142 1841 22 have have VB 39142 1841 23 lived live VBN 39142 1841 24 through through IN 39142 1841 25 the the DT 39142 1841 26 entire entire JJ 39142 1841 27 nineteenth nineteenth JJ 39142 1841 28 century century NN 39142 1841 29 and and CC 39142 1841 30 a a DT 39142 1841 31 long long JJ 39142 1841 32 way way NN 39142 1841 33 into into IN 39142 1841 34 the the DT 39142 1841 35 twentieth twentieth JJ 39142 1841 36 without without IN 39142 1841 37 seeing see VBG 39142 1841 38 more more JJR 39142 1841 39 than than IN 39142 1841 40 one one CD 39142 1841 41 total total JJ 39142 1841 42 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1841 43 of of IN 39142 1841 44 the the DT 39142 1841 45 sun sun NN 39142 1841 46 . . . 39142 1842 1 In in IN 39142 1842 2 London London NNP 39142 1842 3 in in IN 39142 1842 4 1715 1715 CD 39142 1842 5 no no DT 39142 1842 6 total total JJ 39142 1842 7 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1842 8 had have VBD 39142 1842 9 been be VBN 39142 1842 10 visible visible JJ 39142 1842 11 for for IN 39142 1842 12 six six CD 39142 1842 13 centuries century NNS 39142 1842 14 . . . 39142 1843 1 However however RB 39142 1843 2 , , , 39142 1843 3 taking take VBG 39142 1843 4 general general JJ 39142 1843 5 averages average NNS 39142 1843 6 , , , 39142 1843 7 and and CC 39142 1843 8 recalling recall VBG 39142 1843 9 the the DT 39142 1843 10 comparatively comparatively RB 39142 1843 11 narrow narrow JJ 39142 1843 12 belt belt NN 39142 1843 13 of of IN 39142 1843 14 total total JJ 39142 1843 15 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1843 16 , , , 39142 1843 17 every every DT 39142 1843 18 part part NN 39142 1843 19 of of IN 39142 1843 20 the the DT 39142 1843 21 earth earth NN 39142 1843 22 is be VBZ 39142 1843 23 likely likely JJ 39142 1843 24 to to TO 39142 1843 25 come come VB 39142 1843 26 within within IN 39142 1843 27 range range NN 39142 1843 28 of of IN 39142 1843 29 the the DT 39142 1843 30 moon moon NN 39142 1843 31 's 's POS 39142 1843 32 shadow shadow NN 39142 1843 33 once once RB 39142 1843 34 in in IN 39142 1843 35 about about RB 39142 1843 36 three three CD 39142 1843 37 and and CC 39142 1843 38 a a DT 39142 1843 39 half half NN 39142 1843 40 centuries century NNS 39142 1843 41 . . . 39142 1844 1 The the DT 39142 1844 2 longest long JJS 39142 1844 3 total total JJ 39142 1844 4 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1844 5 always always RB 39142 1844 6 occur occur VBP 39142 1844 7 near near IN 39142 1844 8 the the DT 39142 1844 9 equator equator NN 39142 1844 10 ; ; : 39142 1844 11 this this DT 39142 1844 12 is be VBZ 39142 1844 13 because because IN 39142 1844 14 an an DT 39142 1844 15 observer observer NN 39142 1844 16 on on IN 39142 1844 17 the the DT 39142 1844 18 equator equator NN 39142 1844 19 is be VBZ 39142 1844 20 carried carry VBN 39142 1844 21 eastward eastward RB 39142 1844 22 by by IN 39142 1844 23 the the DT 39142 1844 24 earth earth NN 39142 1844 25 's 's POS 39142 1844 26 rotation rotation NN 39142 1844 27 at at IN 39142 1844 28 a a DT 39142 1844 29 velocity velocity NN 39142 1844 30 of of IN 39142 1844 31 about about RB 39142 1844 32 1,000 1,000 CD 39142 1844 33 miles mile NNS 39142 1844 34 per per IN 39142 1844 35 hour hour NN 39142 1844 36 , , , 39142 1844 37 so so IN 39142 1844 38 that that IN 39142 1844 39 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1844 40 remains remain VBZ 39142 1844 41 longer long RBR 39142 1844 42 in in IN 39142 1844 43 the the DT 39142 1844 44 moon moon NN 39142 1844 45 's 's POS 39142 1844 46 shadow shadow NN 39142 1844 47 which which WDT 39142 1844 48 is be VBZ 39142 1844 49 passing pass VBG 39142 1844 50 over over IN 39142 1844 51 him -PRON- PRP 39142 1844 52 in in IN 39142 1844 53 the the DT 39142 1844 54 same same JJ 39142 1844 55 direction direction NN 39142 1844 56 with with IN 39142 1844 57 a a DT 39142 1844 58 velocity velocity NN 39142 1844 59 about about IN 39142 1844 60 twice twice RB 39142 1844 61 as as RB 39142 1844 62 great great JJ 39142 1844 63 . . . 39142 1845 1 The the DT 39142 1845 2 general general JJ 39142 1845 3 circumstances circumstance NNS 39142 1845 4 of of IN 39142 1845 5 total total JJ 39142 1845 6 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1845 7 are be VBP 39142 1845 8 readily readily RB 39142 1845 9 foretold foretell VBN 39142 1845 10 by by IN 39142 1845 11 means mean NNS 39142 1845 12 of of IN 39142 1845 13 the the DT 39142 1845 14 ancient ancient JJ 39142 1845 15 Chaldean chaldean JJ 39142 1845 16 period period NN 39142 1845 17 of of IN 39142 1845 18 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1845 19 known know VBN 39142 1845 20 as as IN 39142 1845 21 the the DT 39142 1845 22 saros saro NNS 39142 1845 23 . . . 39142 1846 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1846 2 is be VBZ 39142 1846 3 18 18 CD 39142 1846 4 years year NNS 39142 1846 5 and and CC 39142 1846 6 10 10 CD 39142 1846 7 or or CC 39142 1846 8 11 11 CD 39142 1846 9 days day NNS 39142 1846 10 in in IN 39142 1846 11 length length NN 39142 1846 12 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1846 13 according accord VBG 39142 1846 14 to to IN 39142 1846 15 the the DT 39142 1846 16 number number NN 39142 1846 17 of of IN 39142 1846 18 leap leap NNP 39142 1846 19 years year NNS 39142 1846 20 intervening intervene VBG 39142 1846 21 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1846 22 . . . 39142 1847 1 In in IN 39142 1847 2 one one CD 39142 1847 3 complete complete JJ 39142 1847 4 saros saro NNS 39142 1847 5 , , , 39142 1847 6 forty forty CD 39142 1847 7 - - HYPH 39142 1847 8 one one CD 39142 1847 9 solar solar JJ 39142 1847 10 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1847 11 will will MD 39142 1847 12 generally generally RB 39142 1847 13 happen happen VB 39142 1847 14 , , , 39142 1847 15 but but CC 39142 1847 16 only only RB 39142 1847 17 about about RB 39142 1847 18 one one CD 39142 1847 19 - - HYPH 39142 1847 20 fourth fourth NN 39142 1847 21 of of IN 39142 1847 22 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1847 23 will will MD 39142 1847 24 be be VB 39142 1847 25 total total JJ 39142 1847 26 . . . 39142 1848 1 The the DT 39142 1848 2 saros saro NNS 39142 1848 3 is be VBZ 39142 1848 4 a a DT 39142 1848 5 period period NN 39142 1848 6 at at IN 39142 1848 7 the the DT 39142 1848 8 end end NN 39142 1848 9 of of IN 39142 1848 10 which which WDT 39142 1848 11 the the DT 39142 1848 12 centers center NNS 39142 1848 13 of of IN 39142 1848 14 sun sun NN 39142 1848 15 and and CC 39142 1848 16 moon moon NNP 39142 1848 17 return return VB 39142 1848 18 very very RB 39142 1848 19 nearly nearly RB 39142 1848 20 to to IN 39142 1848 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1848 22 relative relative JJ 39142 1848 23 positions position NNS 39142 1848 24 at at IN 39142 1848 25 the the DT 39142 1848 26 beginning beginning NN 39142 1848 27 of of IN 39142 1848 28 the the DT 39142 1848 29 cycle cycle NN 39142 1848 30 . . . 39142 1849 1 So so CC 39142 1849 2 , , , 39142 1849 3 in in IN 39142 1849 4 general general JJ 39142 1849 5 , , , 39142 1849 6 the the DT 39142 1849 7 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1849 8 of of IN 39142 1849 9 any any DT 39142 1849 10 year year NN 39142 1849 11 will will MD 39142 1849 12 be be VB 39142 1849 13 a a DT 39142 1849 14 repetition repetition NN 39142 1849 15 of of IN 39142 1849 16 one one CD 39142 1849 17 which which WDT 39142 1849 18 took take VBD 39142 1849 19 place place NN 39142 1849 20 18 18 CD 39142 1849 21 years year NNS 39142 1849 22 before before RB 39142 1849 23 , , , 39142 1849 24 and and CC 39142 1849 25 another another DT 39142 1849 26 very very RB 39142 1849 27 similar similar JJ 39142 1849 28 in in IN 39142 1849 29 circumstances circumstance NNS 39142 1849 30 will will MD 39142 1849 31 happen happen VB 39142 1849 32 18 18 CD 39142 1849 33 years year NNS 39142 1849 34 in in IN 39142 1849 35 the the DT 39142 1849 36 future future NN 39142 1849 37 . . . 39142 1850 1 Three three CD 39142 1850 2 periods period NNS 39142 1850 3 of of IN 39142 1850 4 the the DT 39142 1850 5 saros saro NNS 39142 1850 6 , , , 39142 1850 7 or or CC 39142 1850 8 54 54 CD 39142 1850 9 years year NNS 39142 1850 10 and and CC 39142 1850 11 1 1 CD 39142 1850 12 month month NN 39142 1850 13 , , , 39142 1850 14 will will MD 39142 1850 15 usually usually RB 39142 1850 16 bring bring VB 39142 1850 17 about about RP 39142 1850 18 a a DT 39142 1850 19 return return NN 39142 1850 20 of of IN 39142 1850 21 any any DT 39142 1850 22 given give VBN 39142 1850 23 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1850 24 to to IN 39142 1850 25 any any DT 39142 1850 26 particular particular JJ 39142 1850 27 part part NN 39142 1850 28 of of IN 39142 1850 29 the the DT 39142 1850 30 earth earth NN 39142 1850 31 , , , 39142 1850 32 so so RB 39142 1850 33 far far RB 39142 1850 34 as as IN 39142 1850 35 longitude longitude NN 39142 1850 36 is be VBZ 39142 1850 37 concerned concern VBN 39142 1850 38 , , , 39142 1850 39 though though IN 39142 1850 40 the the DT 39142 1850 41 returning return VBG 39142 1850 42 track track NN 39142 1850 43 will will MD 39142 1850 44 lie lie VB 39142 1850 45 about about RB 39142 1850 46 600 600 CD 39142 1850 47 miles mile NNS 39142 1850 48 to to IN 39142 1850 49 the the DT 39142 1850 50 north north NN 39142 1850 51 or or CC 39142 1850 52 south south RB 39142 1850 53 of of IN 39142 1850 54 the the DT 39142 1850 55 one one CD 39142 1850 56 54 54 CD 39142 1850 57 years year NNS 39142 1850 58 earlier early RBR 39142 1850 59 . . . 39142 1851 1 Paths path NNS 39142 1851 2 of of IN 39142 1851 3 total total JJ 39142 1851 4 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1851 5 frequently frequently RB 39142 1851 6 intersect intersect VBP 39142 1851 7 , , , 39142 1851 8 if if IN 39142 1851 9 large large JJ 39142 1851 10 areas area NNS 39142 1851 11 like like IN 39142 1851 12 an an DT 39142 1851 13 entire entire JJ 39142 1851 14 country country NN 39142 1851 15 are be VBP 39142 1851 16 considered consider VBN 39142 1851 17 ; ; : 39142 1851 18 Spain Spain NNP 39142 1851 19 , , , 39142 1851 20 for for IN 39142 1851 21 instance instance NN 39142 1851 22 , , , 39142 1851 23 where where WRB 39142 1851 24 total total JJ 39142 1851 25 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1851 26 have have VBP 39142 1851 27 occurred occur VBN 39142 1851 28 in in IN 39142 1851 29 1842 1842 CD 39142 1851 30 , , , 39142 1851 31 1860 1860 CD 39142 1851 32 , , , 39142 1851 33 1870 1870 CD 39142 1851 34 , , , 39142 1851 35 1900 1900 CD 39142 1851 36 and and CC 39142 1851 37 1905 1905 CD 39142 1851 38 . . . 39142 1852 1 Besides besides IN 39142 1852 2 crossing cross VBG 39142 1852 3 Spain Spain NNP 39142 1852 4 , , , 39142 1852 5 the the DT 39142 1852 6 tracks track NNS 39142 1852 7 of of IN 39142 1852 8 totality totality NN 39142 1852 9 on on IN 39142 1852 10 May May NNP 39142 1852 11 28 28 CD 39142 1852 12 , , , 39142 1852 13 1900 1900 CD 39142 1852 14 , , , 39142 1852 15 and and CC 39142 1852 16 August August NNP 39142 1852 17 30 30 CD 39142 1852 18 , , , 39142 1852 19 1905 1905 CD 39142 1852 20 , , , 39142 1852 21 were be VBD 39142 1852 22 unique unique JJ 39142 1852 23 in in IN 39142 1852 24 intersecting intersect VBG 39142 1852 25 exactly exactly RB 39142 1852 26 over over IN 39142 1852 27 a a DT 39142 1852 28 large large JJ 39142 1852 29 city city NN 39142 1852 30 -- -- : 39142 1852 31 Tripoli Tripoli NNP 39142 1852 32 in in IN 39142 1852 33 Barbary Barbary NNP 39142 1852 34 , , , 39142 1852 35 on on IN 39142 1852 36 both both DT 39142 1852 37 of of IN 39142 1852 38 which which WDT 39142 1852 39 occasions occasion NNS 39142 1852 40 the the DT 39142 1852 41 writer writer NN 39142 1852 42 's 's POS 39142 1852 43 expeditions expedition NNS 39142 1852 44 to to IN 39142 1852 45 that that DT 39142 1852 46 city city NN 39142 1852 47 were be VBD 39142 1852 48 rewarded reward VBN 39142 1852 49 with with IN 39142 1852 50 perfect perfect JJ 39142 1852 51 observing observing NN 39142 1852 52 conditions condition NNS 39142 1852 53 in in IN 39142 1852 54 that that DT 39142 1852 55 now now RB 39142 1852 56 Italian italian JJ 39142 1852 57 province province NN 39142 1852 58 on on IN 39142 1852 59 the the DT 39142 1852 60 edge edge NN 39142 1852 61 of of IN 39142 1852 62 the the DT 39142 1852 63 great great JJ 39142 1852 64 desert desert NN 39142 1852 65 . . . 39142 1853 1 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 1853 2 was be VBD 39142 1853 3 the the DT 39142 1853 4 first first JJ 39142 1853 5 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 1853 6 to to TO 39142 1853 7 calculate calculate VB 39142 1853 8 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1853 9 with with IN 39142 1853 10 some some DT 39142 1853 11 approach approach NN 39142 1853 12 to to IN 39142 1853 13 scientific scientific JJ 39142 1853 14 form form NN 39142 1853 15 , , , 39142 1853 16 as as IN 39142 1853 17 exemplified exemplify VBN 39142 1853 18 in in IN 39142 1853 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1853 20 Rudolphine Rudolphine NNP 39142 1853 21 Tables Tables NNP 39142 1853 22 . . . 39142 1854 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1854 2 method method NN 39142 1854 3 was be VBD 39142 1854 4 of of IN 39142 1854 5 course course NN 39142 1854 6 geometrical geometrical NN 39142 1854 7 . . . 39142 1855 1 But but CC 39142 1855 2 La La NNP 39142 1855 3 Grange Grange NNP 39142 1855 4 , , , 39142 1855 5 who who WP 39142 1855 6 applied apply VBD 39142 1855 7 the the DT 39142 1855 8 methods method NNS 39142 1855 9 of of IN 39142 1855 10 more more RBR 39142 1855 11 refined refined JJ 39142 1855 12 analysis analysis NN 39142 1855 13 to to IN 39142 1855 14 the the DT 39142 1855 15 problem problem NN 39142 1855 16 , , , 39142 1855 17 was be VBD 39142 1855 18 the the DT 39142 1855 19 first first JJ 39142 1855 20 to to TO 39142 1855 21 develop develop VB 39142 1855 22 a a DT 39142 1855 23 method method NN 39142 1855 24 by by IN 39142 1855 25 which which WDT 39142 1855 26 an an DT 39142 1855 27 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1855 28 and and CC 39142 1855 29 all all DT 39142 1855 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1855 31 circumstances circumstance NNS 39142 1855 32 could could MD 39142 1855 33 be be VB 39142 1855 34 accurately accurately RB 39142 1855 35 predicted predict VBN 39142 1855 36 for for IN 39142 1855 37 any any DT 39142 1855 38 part part NN 39142 1855 39 of of IN 39142 1855 40 the the DT 39142 1855 41 earth earth NN 39142 1855 42 . . . 39142 1856 1 To to IN 39142 1856 2 many many JJ 39142 1856 3 minds mind NNS 39142 1856 4 , , , 39142 1856 5 the the DT 39142 1856 6 prediction prediction NN 39142 1856 7 of of IN 39142 1856 8 an an DT 39142 1856 9 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1856 10 affords afford VBZ 39142 1856 11 the the DT 39142 1856 12 best good JJS 39142 1856 13 illustration illustration NN 39142 1856 14 of of IN 39142 1856 15 the the DT 39142 1856 16 superior superior JJ 39142 1856 17 knowledge knowledge NN 39142 1856 18 of of IN 39142 1856 19 the the DT 39142 1856 20 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 1856 21 : : : 39142 1856 22 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1856 23 seems seem VBZ 39142 1856 24 little little JJ 39142 1856 25 short short JJ 39142 1856 26 of of IN 39142 1856 27 the the DT 39142 1856 28 marvelous marvelous JJ 39142 1856 29 . . . 39142 1857 1 But but CC 39142 1857 2 recalling recall VBG 39142 1857 3 that that IN 39142 1857 4 the the DT 39142 1857 5 motion motion NN 39142 1857 6 of of IN 39142 1857 7 the the DT 39142 1857 8 moon moon NN 39142 1857 9 follows follow VBZ 39142 1857 10 the the DT 39142 1857 11 law law NN 39142 1857 12 of of IN 39142 1857 13 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 1857 14 , , , 39142 1857 15 and and CC 39142 1857 16 that that IN 39142 1857 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1857 18 position position NN 39142 1857 19 in in IN 39142 1857 20 the the DT 39142 1857 21 sky sky NN 39142 1857 22 is be VBZ 39142 1857 23 predictable predictable JJ 39142 1857 24 for for IN 39142 1857 25 years year NNS 39142 1857 26 in in IN 39142 1857 27 advance advance NN 39142 1857 28 with with IN 39142 1857 29 a a DT 39142 1857 30 high high JJ 39142 1857 31 degree degree NN 39142 1857 32 of of IN 39142 1857 33 precision precision NN 39142 1857 34 , , , 39142 1857 35 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1857 36 will will MD 39142 1857 37 readily readily RB 39142 1857 38 be be VB 39142 1857 39 seen see VBN 39142 1857 40 how how WRB 39142 1857 41 the the DT 39142 1857 42 arrival arrival NN 39142 1857 43 of of IN 39142 1857 44 the the DT 39142 1857 45 moon moon NN 39142 1857 46 's 's POS 39142 1857 47 shadow shadow NN 39142 1857 48 , , , 39142 1857 49 and and CC 39142 1857 50 hence hence RB 39142 1857 51 the the DT 39142 1857 52 total total JJ 39142 1857 53 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1857 54 of of IN 39142 1857 55 the the DT 39142 1857 56 sun sun NN 39142 1857 57 , , , 39142 1857 58 can can MD 39142 1857 59 be be VB 39142 1857 60 foretold foretell VBN 39142 1857 61 for for IN 39142 1857 62 any any DT 39142 1857 63 place place NN 39142 1857 64 over over IN 39142 1857 65 which which WDT 39142 1857 66 the the DT 39142 1857 67 shadow shadow NN 39142 1857 68 passes pass VBZ 39142 1857 69 . . . 39142 1858 1 All all PDT 39142 1858 2 these these DT 39142 1858 3 data datum NNS 39142 1858 4 derived derive VBN 39142 1858 5 by by IN 39142 1858 6 the the DT 39142 1858 7 mathematician mathematician NNP 39142 1858 8 are be VBP 39142 1858 9 known know VBN 39142 1858 10 as as IN 39142 1858 11 the the DT 39142 1858 12 elements element NNS 39142 1858 13 of of IN 39142 1858 14 the the DT 39142 1858 15 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1858 16 , , , 39142 1858 17 and and CC 39142 1858 18 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1858 19 are be VBP 39142 1858 20 prepared prepare VBN 39142 1858 21 many many JJ 39142 1858 22 years year NNS 39142 1858 23 in in IN 39142 1858 24 advance advance NN 39142 1858 25 and and CC 39142 1858 26 published publish VBN 39142 1858 27 in in IN 39142 1858 28 the the DT 39142 1858 29 nautical nautical JJ 39142 1858 30 almanacs almanacs NN 39142 1858 31 and and CC 39142 1858 32 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 1858 33 ephemerides ephemeris NNS 39142 1858 34 issued issue VBN 39142 1858 35 by by IN 39142 1858 36 the the DT 39142 1858 37 leading lead VBG 39142 1858 38 nations nation NNS 39142 1858 39 . . . 39142 1859 1 Buchanan Buchanan NNP 39142 1859 2 's 's POS 39142 1859 3 " " `` 39142 1859 4 Treatise Treatise NNP 39142 1859 5 on on RP 39142 1859 6 Eclipses Eclipses NNPS 39142 1859 7 " " '' 39142 1859 8 will will MD 39142 1859 9 supply supply VB 39142 1859 10 all all PDT 39142 1859 11 the the DT 39142 1859 12 technical technical JJ 39142 1859 13 information information NN 39142 1859 14 regarding regard VBG 39142 1859 15 the the DT 39142 1859 16 prediction prediction NN 39142 1859 17 of of IN 39142 1859 18 eclipses eclipse VBZ 39142 1859 19 that that IN 39142 1859 20 anyone anyone NN 39142 1859 21 desirous desirous JJ 39142 1859 22 of of IN 39142 1859 23 inquiring inquire VBG 39142 1859 24 into into IN 39142 1859 25 this this DT 39142 1859 26 phase phase NN 39142 1859 27 of of IN 39142 1859 28 the the DT 39142 1859 29 problem problem NN 39142 1859 30 may may MD 39142 1859 31 desire desire VB 39142 1859 32 . . . 39142 1860 1 So so RB 39142 1860 2 important important JJ 39142 1860 3 are be VBP 39142 1860 4 total total JJ 39142 1860 5 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1860 6 in in IN 39142 1860 7 the the DT 39142 1860 8 scheme scheme NN 39142 1860 9 of of IN 39142 1860 10 modern modern JJ 39142 1860 11 solar solar JJ 39142 1860 12 research research NN 39142 1860 13 , , , 39142 1860 14 and and CC 39142 1860 15 so so RB 39142 1860 16 necessary necessary JJ 39142 1860 17 are be VBP 39142 1860 18 clear clear JJ 39142 1860 19 skies sky NNS 39142 1860 20 in in IN 39142 1860 21 order order NN 39142 1860 22 that that IN 39142 1860 23 expeditions expedition NNS 39142 1860 24 may may MD 39142 1860 25 be be VB 39142 1860 26 favored favor VBN 39142 1860 27 with with IN 39142 1860 28 success success NN 39142 1860 29 , , , 39142 1860 30 that that IN 39142 1860 31 every every DT 39142 1860 32 effort effort NN 39142 1860 33 is be VBZ 39142 1860 34 now now RB 39142 1860 35 made make VBN 39142 1860 36 to to TO 39142 1860 37 ascertain ascertain VB 39142 1860 38 the the DT 39142 1860 39 weather weather NN 39142 1860 40 chances chance NNS 39142 1860 41 at at IN 39142 1860 42 particular particular JJ 39142 1860 43 stations station NNS 39142 1860 44 along along IN 39142 1860 45 the the DT 39142 1860 46 line line NN 39142 1860 47 of of IN 39142 1860 48 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1860 49 many many JJ 39142 1860 50 years year NNS 39142 1860 51 in in IN 39142 1860 52 advance advance NN 39142 1860 53 . . . 39142 1861 1 This this DT 39142 1861 2 method method NN 39142 1861 3 of of IN 39142 1861 4 securing secure VBG 39142 1861 5 preliminary preliminary JJ 39142 1861 6 cloud cloud NN 39142 1861 7 observations observation NNS 39142 1861 8 for for IN 39142 1861 9 a a DT 39142 1861 10 series series NN 39142 1861 11 of of IN 39142 1861 12 years year NNS 39142 1861 13 has have VBZ 39142 1861 14 proved prove VBN 39142 1861 15 especially especially RB 39142 1861 16 useful useful JJ 39142 1861 17 for for IN 39142 1861 18 the the DT 39142 1861 19 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1861 20 of of IN 39142 1861 21 1893 1893 CD 39142 1861 22 , , , 39142 1861 23 1896 1896 CD 39142 1861 24 , , , 39142 1861 25 1900 1900 CD 39142 1861 26 , , , 39142 1861 27 and and CC 39142 1861 28 1918 1918 CD 39142 1861 29 ; ; : 39142 1861 30 and and CC 39142 1861 31 had have VBD 39142 1861 32 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1861 33 been be VBN 39142 1861 34 employed employ VBN 39142 1861 35 in in IN 39142 1861 36 Russia Russia NNP 39142 1861 37 for for IN 39142 1861 38 totality totality NN 39142 1861 39 of of IN 39142 1861 40 1914 1914 CD 39142 1861 41 , , , 39142 1861 42 many many JJ 39142 1861 43 well well RB 39142 1861 44 - - HYPH 39142 1861 45 equipped equip VBN 39142 1861 46 expeditions expedition NNS 39142 1861 47 might may MD 39142 1861 48 have have VB 39142 1861 49 been be VBN 39142 1861 50 spared spare VBN 39142 1861 51 disaster disaster NN 39142 1861 52 . . . 39142 1862 1 The the DT 39142 1862 2 California California NNP 39142 1862 3 and and CC 39142 1862 4 Mexico Mexico NNP 39142 1862 5 totality totality NN 39142 1862 6 of of IN 39142 1862 7 1923 1923 CD 39142 1862 8 does do VBZ 39142 1862 9 not not RB 39142 1862 10 require require VB 39142 1862 11 this this DT 39142 1862 12 forethought forethought NN 39142 1862 13 , , , 39142 1862 14 as as IN 39142 1862 15 the the DT 39142 1862 16 regions region NNS 39142 1862 17 visited visit VBD 39142 1862 18 are be VBP 39142 1862 19 quite quite RB 39142 1862 20 likely likely JJ 39142 1862 21 to to TO 39142 1862 22 be be VB 39142 1862 23 free free JJ 39142 1862 24 from from IN 39142 1862 25 cloud cloud NN 39142 1862 26 ; ; , 39142 1862 27 but but CC 39142 1862 28 observations observation NNS 39142 1862 29 are be VBP 39142 1862 30 now now RB 39142 1862 31 in in IN 39142 1862 32 process process NN 39142 1862 33 of of IN 39142 1862 34 accumulation accumulation NN 39142 1862 35 for for IN 39142 1862 36 the the DT 39142 1862 37 total total JJ 39142 1862 38 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1862 39 of of IN 39142 1862 40 1925 1925 CD 39142 1862 41 . . . 39142 1863 1 The the DT 39142 1863 2 out out JJ 39142 1863 3 - - HYPH 39142 1863 4 look look VB 39142 1863 5 for for IN 39142 1863 6 clear clear JJ 39142 1863 7 skies sky NNS 39142 1863 8 on on IN 39142 1863 9 that that DT 39142 1863 10 occasion occasion NN 39142 1863 11 , , , 39142 1863 12 the the DT 39142 1863 13 total total JJ 39142 1863 14 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1863 15 nearest near JJS 39142 1863 16 New New NNP 39142 1863 17 York York NNP 39142 1863 18 for for IN 39142 1863 19 more more JJR 39142 1863 20 than than IN 39142 1863 21 a a DT 39142 1863 22 century century NN 39142 1863 23 , , , 39142 1863 24 is be VBZ 39142 1863 25 not not RB 39142 1863 26 very very RB 39142 1863 27 promising promising JJ 39142 1863 28 . . . 39142 1864 1 The the DT 39142 1864 2 path path NN 39142 1864 3 of of IN 39142 1864 4 totality totality NN 39142 1864 5 passes pass VBZ 39142 1864 6 over over IN 39142 1864 7 Marquette Marquette NNP 39142 1864 8 , , , 39142 1864 9 Michigan Michigan NNP 39142 1864 10 , , , 39142 1864 11 Rochester Rochester NNP 39142 1864 12 and and CC 39142 1864 13 Poughkeepsie Poughkeepsie NNP 39142 1864 14 , , , 39142 1864 15 New New NNP 39142 1864 16 York York NNP 39142 1864 17 , , , 39142 1864 18 Newport Newport NNP 39142 1864 19 , , , 39142 1864 20 Rhode Rhode NNP 39142 1864 21 Island Island NNP 39142 1864 22 , , , 39142 1864 23 and and CC 39142 1864 24 Nantucket Nantucket NNP 39142 1864 25 about about RB 39142 1864 26 nine nine CD 39142 1864 27 in in IN 39142 1864 28 the the DT 39142 1864 29 morning morning NN 39142 1864 30 . . . 39142 1865 1 Everyone everyone NN 39142 1865 2 who who WP 39142 1865 3 saw see VBD 39142 1865 4 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1865 5 will will MD 39142 1865 6 remember remember VB 39142 1865 7 the the DT 39142 1865 8 last last JJ 39142 1865 9 total total JJ 39142 1865 10 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1865 11 in in IN 39142 1865 12 this this DT 39142 1865 13 part part NN 39142 1865 14 of of IN 39142 1865 15 the the DT 39142 1865 16 world world NN 39142 1865 17 -- -- : 39142 1865 18 on on IN 39142 1865 19 June June NNP 39142 1865 20 8 8 CD 39142 1865 21 , , , 39142 1865 22 1918 1918 CD 39142 1865 23 , , , 39142 1865 24 visible visible JJ 39142 1865 25 from from IN 39142 1865 26 Oregon Oregon NNP 39142 1865 27 to to IN 39142 1865 28 Florida Florida NNP 39142 1865 29 . . . 39142 1866 1 Many many JJ 39142 1866 2 will will MD 39142 1866 3 recall recall VB 39142 1866 4 the the DT 39142 1866 5 last last JJ 39142 1866 6 total total JJ 39142 1866 7 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1866 8 that that WDT 39142 1866 9 was be VBD 39142 1866 10 visible visible JJ 39142 1866 11 before before IN 39142 1866 12 that that DT 39142 1866 13 in in IN 39142 1866 14 the the DT 39142 1866 15 eastern eastern JJ 39142 1866 16 part part NN 39142 1866 17 of of IN 39142 1866 18 the the DT 39142 1866 19 United United NNP 39142 1866 20 States States NNP 39142 1866 21 , , , 39142 1866 22 on on IN 39142 1866 23 May May NNP 39142 1866 24 28 28 CD 39142 1866 25 , , , 39142 1866 26 1900 1900 CD 39142 1866 27 , , , 39142 1866 28 visible visible JJ 39142 1866 29 in in IN 39142 1866 30 a a DT 39142 1866 31 narrow narrow JJ 39142 1866 32 path path NN 39142 1866 33 from from IN 39142 1866 34 New New NNP 39142 1866 35 Orleans Orleans NNP 39142 1866 36 to to IN 39142 1866 37 Norfolk Norfolk NNP 39142 1866 38 . . . 39142 1867 1 One one PRP 39142 1867 2 's 's POS 39142 1867 3 father father NN 39142 1867 4 or or CC 39142 1867 5 grandfather grandfather NN 39142 1867 6 will will MD 39142 1867 7 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 1867 8 remember remember VB 39142 1867 9 the the DT 39142 1867 10 total total JJ 39142 1867 11 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1867 12 of of IN 39142 1867 13 July July NNP 39142 1867 14 29 29 CD 39142 1867 15 , , , 39142 1867 16 1878 1878 CD 39142 1867 17 , , , 39142 1867 18 which which WDT 39142 1867 19 passed pass VBD 39142 1867 20 over over IN 39142 1867 21 the the DT 39142 1867 22 United United NNP 39142 1867 23 States States NNP 39142 1867 24 from from IN 39142 1867 25 Pike Pike NNP 39142 1867 26 's 's POS 39142 1867 27 Peak Peak NNP 39142 1867 28 to to IN 39142 1867 29 Texas Texas NNP 39142 1867 30 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1867 31 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1867 32 was be VBD 39142 1867 33 the the DT 39142 1867 34 writer writer NN 39142 1867 35 's 's POS 39142 1867 36 maiden maiden JJ 39142 1867 37 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1867 38 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1867 39 , , , 39142 1867 40 and and CC 39142 1867 41 another another DT 39142 1867 42 on on IN 39142 1867 43 August August NNP 39142 1867 44 7 7 CD 39142 1867 45 , , , 39142 1867 46 1869 1869 CD 39142 1867 47 , , , 39142 1867 48 which which WDT 39142 1867 49 passed pass VBD 39142 1867 50 southeasterly southeasterly RB 39142 1867 51 over over IN 39142 1867 52 Iowa Iowa NNP 39142 1867 53 and and CC 39142 1867 54 Kentucky Kentucky NNP 39142 1867 55 . . . 39142 1868 1 On on IN 39142 1868 2 all all PDT 39142 1868 3 these these DT 39142 1868 4 occasions occasion NNS 39142 1868 5 the the DT 39142 1868 6 paths path NNS 39142 1868 7 of of IN 39142 1868 8 total total JJ 39142 1868 9 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1868 10 were be VBD 39142 1868 11 dotted dotted JJ 39142 1868 12 with with IN 39142 1868 13 numerous numerous JJ 39142 1868 14 observing observing JJ 39142 1868 15 parties party NNS 39142 1868 16 , , , 39142 1868 17 many many JJ 39142 1868 18 of of IN 39142 1868 19 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1868 20 equipped equip VBN 39142 1868 21 with with IN 39142 1868 22 elaborate elaborate JJ 39142 1868 23 apparatus apparatus NN 39142 1868 24 for for IN 39142 1868 25 studying study VBG 39142 1868 26 and and CC 39142 1868 27 photographing photograph VBG 39142 1868 28 the the DT 39142 1868 29 solar solar JJ 39142 1868 30 corona corona NN 39142 1868 31 and and CC 39142 1868 32 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1868 33 , , , 39142 1868 34 together together RB 39142 1868 35 with with IN 39142 1868 36 a a DT 39142 1868 37 multitude multitude NN 39142 1868 38 of of IN 39142 1868 39 other other JJ 39142 1868 40 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 1868 41 which which WDT 39142 1868 42 are be VBP 39142 1868 43 seen see VBN 39142 1868 44 only only RB 39142 1868 45 when when WRB 39142 1868 46 total total JJ 39142 1868 47 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1868 48 take take VBP 39142 1868 49 place place NN 39142 1868 50 . . . 39142 1869 1 Looking look VBG 39142 1869 2 forward forward RB 39142 1869 3 rather rather RB 39142 1869 4 than than IN 39142 1869 5 backward backward JJ 39142 1869 6 , , , 39142 1869 7 a a DT 39142 1869 8 striking strike VBG 39142 1869 9 series series NN 39142 1869 10 , , , 39142 1869 11 or or CC 39142 1869 12 family family NN 39142 1869 13 , , , 39142 1869 14 of of IN 39142 1869 15 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1869 16 happens happen VBZ 39142 1869 17 in in IN 39142 1869 18 the the DT 39142 1869 19 future future NN 39142 1869 20 : : : 39142 1869 21 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1869 22 is be VBZ 39142 1869 23 the the DT 39142 1869 24 series series NN 39142 1869 25 of of IN 39142 1869 26 May May NNP 39142 1869 27 , , , 39142 1869 28 1901 1901 CD 39142 1869 29 and and CC 39142 1869 30 1919 1919 CD 39142 1869 31 , , , 39142 1869 32 recurring recur VBG 39142 1869 33 again again RB 39142 1869 34 on on IN 39142 1869 35 June June NNP 39142 1869 36 8 8 CD 39142 1869 37 , , , 39142 1869 38 1937 1937 CD 39142 1869 39 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1869 40 over over IN 39142 1869 41 the the DT 39142 1869 42 Pacific Pacific NNP 39142 1869 43 Ocean Ocean NNP 39142 1869 44 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1869 45 , , , 39142 1869 46 June June NNP 39142 1869 47 20 20 CD 39142 1869 48 , , , 39142 1869 49 1955 1955 CD 39142 1869 50 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1869 51 through through IN 39142 1869 52 India India NNP 39142 1869 53 , , , 39142 1869 54 Siam Siam NNP 39142 1869 55 , , , 39142 1869 56 and and CC 39142 1869 57 Luzon Luzon NNP 39142 1869 58 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1869 59 , , , 39142 1869 60 and and CC 39142 1869 61 June June NNP 39142 1869 62 30 30 CD 39142 1869 63 , , , 39142 1869 64 1973 1973 CD 39142 1869 65 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1869 66 visible visible JJ 39142 1869 67 in in IN 39142 1869 68 Sahara Sahara NNP 39142 1869 69 , , , 39142 1869 70 Abyssinia Abyssinia NNP 39142 1869 71 , , , 39142 1869 72 and and CC 39142 1869 73 Somali Somali NNP 39142 1869 74 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1869 75 . . . 39142 1870 1 Already already RB 39142 1870 2 in in IN 39142 1870 3 1919 1919 CD 39142 1870 4 this this DT 39142 1870 5 totality totality NN 39142 1870 6 was be VBD 39142 1870 7 6 6 CD 39142 1870 8 minutes minute NNS 39142 1870 9 50 50 CD 39142 1870 10 seconds second NNS 39142 1870 11 in in IN 39142 1870 12 duration duration NN 39142 1870 13 ; ; : 39142 1870 14 in in IN 39142 1870 15 1937 1937 CD 39142 1870 16 , , , 39142 1870 17 as as IN 39142 1870 18 already already RB 39142 1870 19 mentioned mention VBN 39142 1870 20 , , , 39142 1870 21 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1870 22 will will MD 39142 1870 23 be be VB 39142 1870 24 7 7 CD 39142 1870 25 minutes minute NNS 39142 1870 26 20 20 CD 39142 1870 27 seconds second NNS 39142 1870 28 , , , 39142 1870 29 and and CC 39142 1870 30 at at IN 39142 1870 31 the the DT 39142 1870 32 subsequent subsequent JJ 39142 1870 33 returns return NNS 39142 1870 34 even even RB 39142 1870 35 longer long RBR 39142 1870 36 yet yet RB 39142 1870 37 , , , 39142 1870 38 approaching approach VBG 39142 1870 39 the the DT 39142 1870 40 estimated estimate VBN 39142 1870 41 maximum maximum NN 39142 1870 42 of of IN 39142 1870 43 7 7 CD 39142 1870 44 minutes minute NNS 39142 1870 45 58 58 CD 39142 1870 46 seconds second NNS 39142 1870 47 which which WDT 39142 1870 48 has have VBZ 39142 1870 49 never never RB 39142 1870 50 been be VBN 39142 1870 51 observed observe VBN 39142 1870 52 . . . 39142 1871 1 This this DT 39142 1871 2 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 1871 3 series series NN 39142 1871 4 of of IN 39142 1871 5 total total JJ 39142 1871 6 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1871 7 is be VBZ 39142 1871 8 longer long JJR 39142 1871 9 in in IN 39142 1871 10 duration duration NN 39142 1871 11 than than IN 39142 1871 12 any any DT 39142 1871 13 others other NNS 39142 1871 14 during during IN 39142 1871 15 a a DT 39142 1871 16 thousand thousand CD 39142 1871 17 years year NNS 39142 1871 18 . . . 39142 1872 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1872 2 next next JJ 39142 1872 3 subsequent subsequent JJ 39142 1872 4 return return NN 39142 1872 5 is be VBZ 39142 1872 6 in in IN 39142 1872 7 1991 1991 CD 39142 1872 8 , , , 39142 1872 9 occurring occur VBG 39142 1872 10 with with IN 39142 1872 11 the the DT 39142 1872 12 eclipsed eclipse VBN 39142 1872 13 sun sun NN 39142 1872 14 practically practically RB 39142 1872 15 at at IN 39142 1872 16 noon noon NN 39142 1872 17 in in IN 39142 1872 18 the the DT 39142 1872 19 zenith zenith NN 39142 1872 20 of of IN 39142 1872 21 Mount Mount NNP 39142 1872 22 Popocatepetl Popocatepetl NNP 39142 1872 23 in in IN 39142 1872 24 Mexico Mexico NNP 39142 1872 25 . . . 39142 1873 1 Whatever whatever WDT 39142 1873 2 may may MD 39142 1873 3 be be VB 39142 1873 4 the the DT 39142 1873 5 progress progress NN 39142 1873 6 of of IN 39142 1873 7 solar solar JJ 39142 1873 8 research research NN 39142 1873 9 during during IN 39142 1873 10 the the DT 39142 1873 11 intervening intervene VBG 39142 1873 12 years year NNS 39142 1873 13 , , , 39142 1873 14 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1873 15 is be VBZ 39142 1873 16 impossible impossible JJ 39142 1873 17 to to TO 39142 1873 18 imagine imagine VB 39142 1873 19 the the DT 39142 1873 20 alert alert JJ 39142 1873 21 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 1873 22 of of IN 39142 1873 23 that that DT 39142 1873 24 remote remote JJ 39142 1873 25 day day NN 39142 1873 26 without without IN 39142 1873 27 incentive incentive NN 39142 1873 28 for for IN 39142 1873 29 further further JJ 39142 1873 30 investigation investigation NN 39142 1873 31 of of IN 39142 1873 32 the the DT 39142 1873 33 sun sun NN 39142 1873 34 's 's POS 39142 1873 35 corona corona NN 39142 1873 36 , , , 39142 1873 37 in in IN 39142 1873 38 which which WDT 39142 1873 39 are be VBP 39142 1873 40 concealed conceal VBN 39142 1873 41 no no RB 39142 1873 42 doubt doubt RB 39142 1873 43 many many JJ 39142 1873 44 secrets secret NNS 39142 1873 45 of of IN 39142 1873 46 the the DT 39142 1873 47 sun sun NN 39142 1873 48 's 's POS 39142 1873 49 evolution evolution NN 39142 1873 50 from from IN 39142 1873 51 nebula nebula NNP 39142 1873 52 to to IN 39142 1873 53 star star NNP 39142 1873 54 . . . 39142 1874 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 1874 2 XXXI XXXI NNP 39142 1874 3 THE the DT 39142 1874 4 SOLAR SOLAR NNP 39142 1874 5 CORONA corona NN 39142 1874 6 " " '' 39142 1874 7 And and CC 39142 1874 8 what what WP 39142 1874 9 is be VBZ 39142 1874 10 the the DT 39142 1874 11 sun sun NN 39142 1874 12 's 's POS 39142 1874 13 corona corona NN 39142 1874 14 ? ? . 39142 1874 15 " " '' 39142 1875 1 mildly mildly RB 39142 1875 2 asked ask VBD 39142 1875 3 a a DT 39142 1875 4 college college NN 39142 1875 5 professor professor NN 39142 1875 6 of of IN 39142 1875 7 a a DT 39142 1875 8 student student NN 39142 1875 9 who who WP 39142 1875 10 might may MD 39142 1875 11 better well RBR 39142 1875 12 have have VB 39142 1875 13 answered answer VBN 39142 1875 14 " " `` 39142 1875 15 Not not RB 39142 1875 16 prepared prepared JJ 39142 1875 17 . . . 39142 1875 18 " " '' 39142 1876 1 " " `` 39142 1876 2 I -PRON- PRP 39142 1876 3 did do VBD 39142 1876 4 know know VB 39142 1876 5 , , , 39142 1876 6 Professor Professor NNP 39142 1876 7 , , , 39142 1876 8 but but CC 39142 1876 9 I -PRON- PRP 39142 1876 10 have have VBP 39142 1876 11 forgotten forget VBN 39142 1876 12 , , , 39142 1876 13 " " '' 39142 1876 14 was be VBD 39142 1876 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1876 16 reply reply NN 39142 1876 17 . . . 39142 1877 1 " " `` 39142 1877 2 What what WDT 39142 1877 3 an an DT 39142 1877 4 incalculable incalculable JJ 39142 1877 5 loss loss NN 39142 1877 6 to to IN 39142 1877 7 science science NN 39142 1877 8 , , , 39142 1877 9 " " '' 39142 1877 10 returned return VBD 39142 1877 11 the the DT 39142 1877 12 professor professor NN 39142 1877 13 with with IN 39142 1877 14 a a DT 39142 1877 15 twinkle twinkle NN 39142 1877 16 . . . 39142 1878 1 " " `` 39142 1878 2 The the DT 39142 1878 3 only only JJ 39142 1878 4 man man NN 39142 1878 5 who who WP 39142 1878 6 ever ever RB 39142 1878 7 knew know VBD 39142 1878 8 what what WP 39142 1878 9 the the DT 39142 1878 10 sun sun NN 39142 1878 11 's 's POS 39142 1878 12 corona corona NN 39142 1878 13 is be VBZ 39142 1878 14 , , , 39142 1878 15 and and CC 39142 1878 16 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1878 17 has have VBZ 39142 1878 18 forgotten forget VBN 39142 1878 19 ! ! . 39142 1878 20 " " '' 39142 1879 1 Only only RB 39142 1879 2 in in IN 39142 1879 3 part part NN 39142 1879 4 has have VBZ 39142 1879 5 the the DT 39142 1879 6 mystery mystery NN 39142 1879 7 of of IN 39142 1879 8 the the DT 39142 1879 9 corona corona NN 39142 1879 10 been be VBN 39142 1879 11 cleared clear VBN 39142 1879 12 by by IN 39142 1879 13 the the DT 39142 1879 14 research research NN 39142 1879 15 of of IN 39142 1879 16 the the DT 39142 1879 17 present present JJ 39142 1879 18 day day NN 39142 1879 19 . . . 39142 1880 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1880 2 knowledge knowledge NN 39142 1880 3 proceeds proceed NNS 39142 1880 4 but but CC 39142 1880 5 slowly slowly RB 39142 1880 6 , , , 39142 1880 7 because because IN 39142 1880 8 the the DT 39142 1880 9 corona corona NN 39142 1880 10 has have VBZ 39142 1880 11 never never RB 39142 1880 12 been be VBN 39142 1880 13 seen see VBN 39142 1880 14 except except IN 39142 1880 15 during during IN 39142 1880 16 total total JJ 39142 1880 17 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1880 18 of of IN 39142 1880 19 the the DT 39142 1880 20 sun sun NN 39142 1880 21 ; ; : 39142 1880 22 and and CC 39142 1880 23 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1880 24 , , , 39142 1880 25 as as IN 39142 1880 26 a a DT 39142 1880 27 matter matter NN 39142 1880 28 of of IN 39142 1880 29 fact fact NN 39142 1880 30 , , , 39142 1880 31 have have VBP 39142 1880 32 never never RB 39142 1880 33 had have VBN 39142 1880 34 a a DT 39142 1880 35 fair fair JJ 39142 1880 36 chance chance NN 39142 1880 37 at at IN 39142 1880 38 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1880 39 . . . 39142 1881 1 Two two CD 39142 1881 2 total total JJ 39142 1881 3 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1881 4 happen happen VB 39142 1881 5 on on IN 39142 1881 6 the the DT 39142 1881 7 average average NN 39142 1881 8 of of IN 39142 1881 9 every every DT 39142 1881 10 three three CD 39142 1881 11 years year NNS 39142 1881 12 ; ; : 39142 1881 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1881 14 average average JJ 39142 1881 15 duration duration NN 39142 1881 16 is be VBZ 39142 1881 17 only only RB 39142 1881 18 two two CD 39142 1881 19 or or CC 39142 1881 20 three three CD 39142 1881 21 minutes minute NNS 39142 1881 22 ; ; : 39142 1881 23 totality totality NN 39142 1881 24 can can MD 39142 1881 25 be be VB 39142 1881 26 seen see VBN 39142 1881 27 only only RB 39142 1881 28 in in IN 39142 1881 29 a a DT 39142 1881 30 narrow narrow JJ 39142 1881 31 path path NN 39142 1881 32 about about RB 39142 1881 33 a a DT 39142 1881 34 hundred hundred CD 39142 1881 35 miles mile NNS 39142 1881 36 wide wide JJ 39142 1881 37 , , , 39142 1881 38 though though IN 39142 1881 39 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1881 40 may may MD 39142 1881 41 be be VB 39142 1881 42 several several JJ 39142 1881 43 thousand thousand CD 39142 1881 44 miles mile NNS 39142 1881 45 long long RB 39142 1881 46 ; ; : 39142 1881 47 there there EX 39142 1881 48 is be VBZ 39142 1881 49 usually usually RB 39142 1881 50 about about IN 39142 1881 51 equal equal JJ 39142 1881 52 chance chance NN 39142 1881 53 of of IN 39142 1881 54 cloud cloud NN 39142 1881 55 with with IN 39142 1881 56 clear clear JJ 39142 1881 57 skies sky NNS 39142 1881 58 ; ; : 39142 1881 59 and and CC 39142 1881 60 fully fully RB 39142 1881 61 three three CD 39142 1881 62 - - HYPH 39142 1881 63 fourths fourth NNS 39142 1881 64 of of IN 39142 1881 65 the the DT 39142 1881 66 totality totality NN 39142 1881 67 areas area NNS 39142 1881 68 of of IN 39142 1881 69 the the DT 39142 1881 70 globe globe NN 39142 1881 71 are be VBP 39142 1881 72 unavailable unavailable JJ 39142 1881 73 because because IN 39142 1881 74 covered cover VBN 39142 1881 75 by by IN 39142 1881 76 water water NN 39142 1881 77 . . . 39142 1882 1 So so RB 39142 1882 2 that that IN 39142 1882 3 even even RB 39142 1882 4 if if IN 39142 1882 5 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1882 6 imagine imagine VBP 39142 1882 7 the the DT 39142 1882 8 tracks track NNS 39142 1882 9 of of IN 39142 1882 10 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1882 11 quite quite RB 39142 1882 12 thickly thickly RB 39142 1882 13 populated populate VBN 39142 1882 14 with with IN 39142 1882 15 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1882 16 and and CC 39142 1882 17 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 1882 18 , , , 39142 1882 19 at at RB 39142 1882 20 least least JJS 39142 1882 21 one one CD 39142 1882 22 every every DT 39142 1882 23 hundred hundred CD 39142 1882 24 miles mile NNS 39142 1882 25 , , , 39142 1882 26 how how WRB 39142 1882 27 much much RB 39142 1882 28 solid solid JJ 39142 1882 29 watching watching NN 39142 1882 30 of of IN 39142 1882 31 the the DT 39142 1882 32 corona corona NN 39142 1882 33 would would MD 39142 1882 34 this this DT 39142 1882 35 permit permit VB 39142 1882 36 ? ? . 39142 1883 1 Only only RB 39142 1883 2 a a DT 39142 1883 3 little little JJ 39142 1883 4 more more JJR 39142 1883 5 than than IN 39142 1883 6 one one CD 39142 1883 7 week week NN 39142 1883 8 's 's POS 39142 1883 9 time time NN 39142 1883 10 in in IN 39142 1883 11 a a DT 39142 1883 12 whole whole JJ 39142 1883 13 century century NN 39142 1883 14 . . . 39142 1884 1 The the DT 39142 1884 2 true true JJ 39142 1884 3 corona corona NN 39142 1884 4 is be VBZ 39142 1884 5 at at IN 39142 1884 6 least least JJS 39142 1884 7 a a DT 39142 1884 8 triple triple JJ 39142 1884 9 phenomenon phenomenon NN 39142 1884 10 and and CC 39142 1884 11 a a DT 39142 1884 12 very very RB 39142 1884 13 complex complex JJ 39142 1884 14 one one NN 39142 1884 15 . . . 39142 1885 1 The the DT 39142 1885 2 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1885 3 reveal reveal VBP 39142 1885 4 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1885 5 much much RB 39142 1885 6 as as IN 39142 1885 7 the the DT 39142 1885 8 eye eye NN 39142 1885 9 sees see VBZ 39142 1885 10 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1885 11 , , , 39142 1885 12 with with IN 39142 1885 13 all all PDT 39142 1885 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1885 15 complexity complexity NN 39142 1885 16 of of IN 39142 1885 17 interlacing interlace VBG 39142 1885 18 streamers streamer NNS 39142 1885 19 projected project VBD 39142 1885 20 into into IN 39142 1885 21 a a DT 39142 1885 22 flat flat JJ 39142 1885 23 , , , 39142 1885 24 or or CC 39142 1885 25 plane plane NN 39142 1885 26 , , , 39142 1885 27 surrounding surround VBG 39142 1885 28 the the DT 39142 1885 29 disk disk NN 39142 1885 30 of of IN 39142 1885 31 the the DT 39142 1885 32 dark dark JJ 39142 1885 33 moon moon NN 39142 1885 34 which which WDT 39142 1885 35 hides hide VBZ 39142 1885 36 the the DT 39142 1885 37 true true JJ 39142 1885 38 sun sun NN 39142 1885 39 completely completely RB 39142 1885 40 . . . 39142 1886 1 But but CC 39142 1886 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1886 3 must must MD 39142 1886 4 keep keep VB 39142 1886 5 in in IN 39142 1886 6 mind mind NN 39142 1886 7 the the DT 39142 1886 8 fact fact NN 39142 1886 9 that that IN 39142 1886 10 the the DT 39142 1886 11 sun sun NN 39142 1886 12 is be VBZ 39142 1886 13 a a DT 39142 1886 14 globe globe NN 39142 1886 15 , , , 39142 1886 16 not not RB 39142 1886 17 a a DT 39142 1886 18 disk disk NN 39142 1886 19 , , , 39142 1886 20 and and CC 39142 1886 21 that that IN 39142 1886 22 the the DT 39142 1886 23 streamers streamer NNS 39142 1886 24 of of IN 39142 1886 25 the the DT 39142 1886 26 corona corona NN 39142 1886 27 radiate radiate VBP 39142 1886 28 more more RBR 39142 1886 29 or or CC 39142 1886 30 less less RBR 39142 1886 31 from from IN 39142 1886 32 all all DT 39142 1886 33 parts part NNS 39142 1886 34 of of IN 39142 1886 35 the the DT 39142 1886 36 surface surface NN 39142 1886 37 of of IN 39142 1886 38 the the DT 39142 1886 39 solar solar JJ 39142 1886 40 sphere sphere NN 39142 1886 41 , , , 39142 1886 42 much much RB 39142 1886 43 as as IN 39142 1886 44 quills quill NNS 39142 1886 45 from from IN 39142 1886 46 a a DT 39142 1886 47 porcupine porcupine NN 39142 1886 48 . . . 39142 1887 1 From from IN 39142 1887 2 the the DT 39142 1887 3 sun sun NN 39142 1887 4 's 's POS 39142 1887 5 magnetic magnetic JJ 39142 1887 6 poles pole NNS 39142 1887 7 branch branch VBP 39142 1887 8 out out RP 39142 1887 9 the the DT 39142 1887 10 polar polar JJ 39142 1887 11 rays ray NNS 39142 1887 12 , , , 39142 1887 13 nearly nearly RB 39142 1887 14 straight straight RB 39142 1887 15 throughout throughout IN 39142 1887 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1887 17 visible visible JJ 39142 1887 18 extent extent NN 39142 1887 19 . . . 39142 1888 1 Gradually gradually RB 39142 1888 2 as as IN 39142 1888 3 the the DT 39142 1888 4 coronal coronal JJ 39142 1888 5 rays ray NNS 39142 1888 6 originate originate VBP 39142 1888 7 at at IN 39142 1888 8 points point NNS 39142 1888 9 around around IN 39142 1888 10 the the DT 39142 1888 11 solar solar JJ 39142 1888 12 disk disk NN 39142 1888 13 farther farther RB 39142 1888 14 and and CC 39142 1888 15 farther farther RB 39142 1888 16 removed remove VBN 39142 1888 17 from from IN 39142 1888 18 the the DT 39142 1888 19 poles pole NNS 39142 1888 20 , , , 39142 1888 21 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1888 22 are be VBP 39142 1888 23 more more RBR 39142 1888 24 and and CC 39142 1888 25 more more RBR 39142 1888 26 curved curved JJ 39142 1888 27 . . . 39142 1889 1 Very very RB 39142 1889 2 probably probably RB 39142 1889 3 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1889 4 extend extend VBP 39142 1889 5 into into IN 39142 1889 6 the the DT 39142 1889 7 equatorial equatorial JJ 39142 1889 8 regions region NNS 39142 1889 9 , , , 39142 1889 10 but but CC 39142 1889 11 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1889 12 is be VBZ 39142 1889 13 not not RB 39142 1889 14 easy easy JJ 39142 1889 15 to to TO 39142 1889 16 trace trace VB 39142 1889 17 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1889 18 there there RB 39142 1889 19 because because IN 39142 1889 20 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1889 21 are be VBP 39142 1889 22 projected project VBN 39142 1889 23 upon upon IN 39142 1889 24 and and CC 39142 1889 25 confused confuse VBN 39142 1889 26 with with IN 39142 1889 27 the the DT 39142 1889 28 filaments filament NNS 39142 1889 29 having have VBG 39142 1889 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1889 31 origin origin NN 39142 1889 32 remote remote JJ 39142 1889 33 from from IN 39142 1889 34 the the DT 39142 1889 35 poles pole NNS 39142 1889 36 . . . 39142 1890 1 Then then RB 39142 1890 2 there there EX 39142 1890 3 is be VBZ 39142 1890 4 the the DT 39142 1890 5 inner inner JJ 39142 1890 6 equatorial equatorial JJ 39142 1890 7 corona corona NN 39142 1890 8 , , , 39142 1890 9 apparently apparently RB 39142 1890 10 connected connect VBN 39142 1890 11 intimately intimately RB 39142 1890 12 with with IN 39142 1890 13 truly truly RB 39142 1890 14 solar solar JJ 39142 1890 15 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 1890 16 , , , 39142 1890 17 quite quite RB 39142 1890 18 as as IN 39142 1890 19 the the DT 39142 1890 20 polar polar JJ 39142 1890 21 rays ray NNS 39142 1890 22 are be VBP 39142 1890 23 . . . 39142 1891 1 The the DT 39142 1891 2 third third JJ 39142 1891 3 element element NN 39142 1891 4 in in IN 39142 1891 5 the the DT 39142 1891 6 composite composite NN 39142 1891 7 is be VBZ 39142 1891 8 the the DT 39142 1891 9 outer outer JJ 39142 1891 10 ecliptic ecliptic JJ 39142 1891 11 corona corona NN 39142 1891 12 , , , 39142 1891 13 for for IN 39142 1891 14 the the DT 39142 1891 15 most most JJS 39142 1891 16 part part NN 39142 1891 17 made make VBN 39142 1891 18 up up RP 39142 1891 19 of of IN 39142 1891 20 long long JJ 39142 1891 21 streamers streamer NNS 39142 1891 22 . . . 39142 1892 1 This this DT 39142 1892 2 is be VBZ 39142 1892 3 most most RBS 39142 1892 4 fully fully RB 39142 1892 5 developed develop VBN 39142 1892 6 at at IN 39142 1892 7 the the DT 39142 1892 8 time time NN 39142 1892 9 of of IN 39142 1892 10 the the DT 39142 1892 11 fewest few JJS 39142 1892 12 spots spot NNS 39142 1892 13 on on IN 39142 1892 14 the the DT 39142 1892 15 sun sun NN 39142 1892 16 . . . 39142 1893 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1893 2 is be VBZ 39142 1893 3 traceable traceable JJ 39142 1893 4 much much RB 39142 1893 5 farther farther RB 39142 1893 6 against against IN 39142 1893 7 the the DT 39142 1893 8 black black JJ 39142 1893 9 sky sky NN 39142 1893 10 with with IN 39142 1893 11 the the DT 39142 1893 12 naked naked JJ 39142 1893 13 eye eye NN 39142 1893 14 than than IN 39142 1893 15 by by IN 39142 1893 16 photography photography NN 39142 1893 17 . . . 39142 1894 1 Without without IN 39142 1894 2 any any DT 39142 1894 3 doubt doubt NN 39142 1894 4 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1894 5 is be VBZ 39142 1894 6 a a DT 39142 1894 7 solar solar JJ 39142 1894 8 appendage appendage NN 39142 1894 9 and and CC 39142 1894 10 possibly possibly RB 39142 1894 11 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1894 12 may may MD 39142 1894 13 merge merge VB 39142 1894 14 into into IN 39142 1894 15 the the DT 39142 1894 16 zodiacal zodiacal JJ 39142 1894 17 light light NN 39142 1894 18 . . . 39142 1895 1 Naturally naturally RB 39142 1895 2 this this DT 39142 1895 3 superb superb NN 39142 1895 4 spectacle spectacle NN 39142 1895 5 must must MD 39142 1895 6 have have VB 39142 1895 7 been be VBN 39142 1895 8 an an DT 39142 1895 9 amazing amazing JJ 39142 1895 10 sight sight NN 39142 1895 11 to to IN 39142 1895 12 the the DT 39142 1895 13 beholders beholder NNS 39142 1895 14 of of IN 39142 1895 15 antiquity antiquity NN 39142 1895 16 who who WP 39142 1895 17 were be VBD 39142 1895 18 fortunate fortunate JJ 39142 1895 19 enough enough RB 39142 1895 20 to to TO 39142 1895 21 see see VB 39142 1895 22 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1895 23 . . . 39142 1896 1 Historical historical JJ 39142 1896 2 references reference NNS 39142 1896 3 are be VBP 39142 1896 4 rare rare JJ 39142 1896 5 : : : 39142 1896 6 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 1896 7 the the DT 39142 1896 8 earliest early JJS 39142 1896 9 was be VBD 39142 1896 10 by by IN 39142 1896 11 Plutarch Plutarch NNP 39142 1896 12 about about IN 39142 1896 13 A. A. NNP 39142 1896 14 D. D. NNP 39142 1896 15 100 100 CD 39142 1896 16 , , , 39142 1896 17 who who WP 39142 1896 18 wrote write VBD 39142 1896 19 of of IN 39142 1896 20 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1896 21 , , , 39142 1896 22 " " '' 39142 1896 23 A a DT 39142 1896 24 radiance radiance NN 39142 1896 25 shone shine VBD 39142 1896 26 round round IN 39142 1896 27 the the DT 39142 1896 28 rim rim NN 39142 1896 29 , , , 39142 1896 30 and and CC 39142 1896 31 would would MD 39142 1896 32 not not RB 39142 1896 33 suffer suffer VB 39142 1896 34 darkness darkness NN 39142 1896 35 to to TO 39142 1896 36 become become VB 39142 1896 37 deep deep JJ 39142 1896 38 and and CC 39142 1896 39 intense intense JJ 39142 1896 40 . . . 39142 1896 41 " " '' 39142 1897 1 Philostratus Philostratus NNP 39142 1897 2 a a DT 39142 1897 3 century century NN 39142 1897 4 later later RB 39142 1897 5 mentions mention VBZ 39142 1897 6 the the DT 39142 1897 7 death death NN 39142 1897 8 of of IN 39142 1897 9 the the DT 39142 1897 10 emperor emperor NN 39142 1897 11 Domitian Domitian NNP 39142 1897 12 at at IN 39142 1897 13 Ephesus Ephesus NNP 39142 1897 14 as as IN 39142 1897 15 " " `` 39142 1897 16 announced announce VBN 39142 1897 17 " " '' 39142 1897 18 by by IN 39142 1897 19 a a DT 39142 1897 20 total total JJ 39142 1897 21 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1897 22 . . . 39142 1898 1 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 1898 2 thought think VBD 39142 1898 3 the the DT 39142 1898 4 corona corona NN 39142 1898 5 was be VBD 39142 1898 6 evidence evidence NN 39142 1898 7 of of IN 39142 1898 8 a a DT 39142 1898 9 lunar lunar JJ 39142 1898 10 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1898 11 ; ; : 39142 1898 12 indeed indeed RB 39142 1898 13 , , , 39142 1898 14 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1898 15 was be VBD 39142 1898 16 not not RB 39142 1898 17 until until IN 39142 1898 18 the the DT 39142 1898 19 middle middle NN 39142 1898 20 of of IN 39142 1898 21 the the DT 39142 1898 22 19th 19th JJ 39142 1898 23 century century NN 39142 1898 24 that that WDT 39142 1898 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1898 26 lack lack NN 39142 1898 27 of of IN 39142 1898 28 relation relation NN 39142 1898 29 to to IN 39142 1898 30 the the DT 39142 1898 31 moon moon NN 39142 1898 32 was be VBD 39142 1898 33 finally finally RB 39142 1898 34 demonstrated demonstrate VBN 39142 1898 35 . . . 39142 1899 1 Later later JJ 39142 1899 2 observers observer NNS 39142 1899 3 , , , 39142 1899 4 Wyberd Wyberd NNP 39142 1899 5 in in IN 39142 1899 6 1652 1652 CD 39142 1899 7 and and CC 39142 1899 8 Ulloa Ulloa NNP 39142 1899 9 , , , 39142 1899 10 got get VBD 39142 1899 11 the the DT 39142 1899 12 impression impression NN 39142 1899 13 that that IN 39142 1899 14 the the DT 39142 1899 15 corona corona NN 39142 1899 16 turned turn VBD 39142 1899 17 round round RB 39142 1899 18 the the DT 39142 1899 19 disk disk NN 39142 1899 20 catherine catherine JJ 39142 1899 21 - - HYPH 39142 1899 22 wheel wheel NN 39142 1899 23 fashion fashion NN 39142 1899 24 , , , 39142 1899 25 " " '' 39142 1899 26 like like IN 39142 1899 27 an an DT 39142 1899 28 ignited ignited JJ 39142 1899 29 wheel wheel NN 39142 1899 30 in in IN 39142 1899 31 fireworks firework NNS 39142 1899 32 , , , 39142 1899 33 turning turn VBG 39142 1899 34 on on RP 39142 1899 35 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1899 36 center center NN 39142 1899 37 . . . 39142 1899 38 " " '' 39142 1900 1 But but CC 39142 1900 2 no no DT 39142 1900 3 later later JJ 39142 1900 4 observer observer NN 39142 1900 5 has have VBZ 39142 1900 6 reported report VBN 39142 1900 7 anything anything NN 39142 1900 8 of of IN 39142 1900 9 the the DT 39142 1900 10 sort sort NN 39142 1900 11 . . . 39142 1901 1 Quite quite PDT 39142 1901 2 the the DT 39142 1901 3 contrary contrary NN 39142 1901 4 , , , 39142 1901 5 there there RB 39142 1901 6 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1901 7 stands stand VBZ 39142 1901 8 against against IN 39142 1901 9 the the DT 39142 1901 10 black black JJ 39142 1901 11 sky sky NN 39142 1901 12 in in IN 39142 1901 13 motionless motionless JJ 39142 1901 14 magnificence magnificence NN 39142 1901 15 a a DT 39142 1901 16 colorless colorless NN 39142 1901 17 pearly pearly RB 39142 1901 18 mass mass NN 39142 1901 19 of of IN 39142 1901 20 wisps wisp NNS 39142 1901 21 and and CC 39142 1901 22 streamers streamer NNS 39142 1901 23 for for IN 39142 1901 24 the the DT 39142 1901 25 most most JJS 39142 1901 26 part part NN 39142 1901 27 nebulous nebulous JJ 39142 1901 28 and and CC 39142 1901 29 ill ill RB 39142 1901 30 - - HYPH 39142 1901 31 defined define VBN 39142 1901 32 , , , 39142 1901 33 fading fade VBG 39142 1901 34 out out RP 39142 1901 35 very very RB 39142 1901 36 irregularly irregularly RB 39142 1901 37 into into IN 39142 1901 38 the the DT 39142 1901 39 black black JJ 39142 1901 40 sky sky NN 39142 1901 41 beyond beyond IN 39142 1901 42 , , , 39142 1901 43 but but CC 39142 1901 44 with with IN 39142 1901 45 a a DT 39142 1901 46 complex complex JJ 39142 1901 47 interlacing interlacing NN 39142 1901 48 of of IN 39142 1901 49 filaments filament NNS 39142 1901 50 , , , 39142 1901 51 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 1901 52 very very RB 39142 1901 53 sharply sharply RB 39142 1901 54 defined define VBN 39142 1901 55 near near IN 39142 1901 56 the the DT 39142 1901 57 solar solar JJ 39142 1901 58 poles pole NNS 39142 1901 59 . . . 39142 1902 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1902 2 defies defy VBZ 39142 1902 3 the the DT 39142 1902 4 skill skill NN 39142 1902 5 of of IN 39142 1902 6 artist artist NN 39142 1902 7 and and CC 39142 1902 8 draughtsman draughtsman NNP 39142 1902 9 to to TO 39142 1902 10 sketch sketch VB 39142 1902 11 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1902 12 before before IN 39142 1902 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1902 14 is be VBZ 39142 1902 15 gone go VBN 39142 1902 16 . . . 39142 1903 1 Photograph photograph VB 39142 1903 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1903 3 ? ? . 39142 1904 1 Yes yes UH 39142 1904 2 , , , 39142 1904 3 but but CC 39142 1904 4 there there EX 39142 1904 5 are be VBP 39142 1904 6 troubles trouble NNS 39142 1904 7 . . . 39142 1905 1 Of of RB 39142 1905 2 course course RB 39142 1905 3 the the DT 39142 1905 4 camera camera NN 39142 1905 5 work work NN 39142 1905 6 is be VBZ 39142 1905 7 superior superior JJ 39142 1905 8 to to IN 39142 1905 9 sketches sketch NNS 39142 1905 10 by by IN 39142 1905 11 hand hand NN 39142 1905 12 . . . 39142 1906 1 As as IN 39142 1906 2 Langley Langley NNP 39142 1906 3 used use VBD 39142 1906 4 to to TO 39142 1906 5 say say VB 39142 1906 6 , , , 39142 1906 7 " " `` 39142 1906 8 The the DT 39142 1906 9 camera camera NN 39142 1906 10 has have VBZ 39142 1906 11 no no DT 39142 1906 12 nerves nerve NNS 39142 1906 13 , , , 39142 1906 14 and and CC 39142 1906 15 what what WP 39142 1906 16 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1906 17 sets set VBZ 39142 1906 18 down down RP 39142 1906 19 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1906 20 may may MD 39142 1906 21 rely rely VB 39142 1906 22 on on IN 39142 1906 23 . . . 39142 1906 24 " " '' 39142 1907 1 Foremost foremost RB 39142 1907 2 among among IN 39142 1907 3 the the DT 39142 1907 4 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1907 5 difficulties difficulty NNS 39142 1907 6 is be VBZ 39142 1907 7 the the DT 39142 1907 8 wide wide JJ 39142 1907 9 variation variation NN 39142 1907 10 in in IN 39142 1907 11 intensity intensity NN 39142 1907 12 of of IN 39142 1907 13 the the DT 39142 1907 14 coronal coronal JJ 39142 1907 15 light light NN 39142 1907 16 in in IN 39142 1907 17 different different JJ 39142 1907 18 regions region NNS 39142 1907 19 of of IN 39142 1907 20 the the DT 39142 1907 21 corona corona NN 39142 1907 22 . . . 39142 1908 1 If if IN 39142 1908 2 a a DT 39142 1908 3 plate plate NN 39142 1908 4 is be VBZ 39142 1908 5 exposed expose VBN 39142 1908 6 long long RB 39142 1908 7 enough enough RB 39142 1908 8 to to TO 39142 1908 9 get get VB 39142 1908 10 the the DT 39142 1908 11 outer outer JJ 39142 1908 12 corona corona NN 39142 1908 13 , , , 39142 1908 14 the the DT 39142 1908 15 exceeding exceed VBG 39142 1908 16 brightness brightness NN 39142 1908 17 of of IN 39142 1908 18 the the DT 39142 1908 19 inner inner JJ 39142 1908 20 corona corona NN 39142 1908 21 overexposes overexpose NNS 39142 1908 22 and and CC 39142 1908 23 burns burn VBZ 39142 1908 24 out out RP 39142 1908 25 that that IN 39142 1908 26 part part NN 39142 1908 27 of of IN 39142 1908 28 the the DT 39142 1908 29 plate plate NN 39142 1908 30 or or CC 39142 1908 31 film film NN 39142 1908 32 . . . 39142 1909 1 If if IN 39142 1909 2 the the DT 39142 1909 3 exposure exposure NN 39142 1909 4 is be VBZ 39142 1909 5 short short JJ 39142 1909 6 , , , 39142 1909 7 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1909 8 get get VBP 39142 1909 9 certain certain JJ 39142 1909 10 regions region NNS 39142 1909 11 of of IN 39142 1909 12 the the DT 39142 1909 13 inner inner JJ 39142 1909 14 corona corona NN 39142 1909 15 excellently excellently RB 39142 1909 16 , , , 39142 1909 17 but but CC 39142 1909 18 the the DT 39142 1909 19 outer outer JJ 39142 1909 20 regions region NNS 39142 1909 21 are be VBP 39142 1909 22 a a DT 39142 1909 23 blank blank JJ 39142 1909 24 because because IN 39142 1909 25 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1909 26 can can MD 39142 1909 27 be be VB 39142 1909 28 caught catch VBN 39142 1909 29 only only RB 39142 1909 30 by by IN 39142 1909 31 a a DT 39142 1909 32 long long JJ 39142 1909 33 exposure exposure NN 39142 1909 34 . . . 39142 1910 1 So so RB 39142 1910 2 the the DT 39142 1910 3 only only JJ 39142 1910 4 way way NN 39142 1910 5 is be VBZ 39142 1910 6 to to TO 39142 1910 7 take take VB 39142 1910 8 a a DT 39142 1910 9 series series NN 39142 1910 10 of of IN 39142 1910 11 pictures picture NNS 39142 1910 12 with with IN 39142 1910 13 a a DT 39142 1910 14 wide wide JJ 39142 1910 15 range range NN 39142 1910 16 of of IN 39142 1910 17 exposures exposure NNS 39142 1910 18 , , , 39142 1910 19 and and CC 39142 1910 20 then then RB 39142 1910 21 by by IN 39142 1910 22 careful careful JJ 39142 1910 23 and and CC 39142 1910 24 artistic artistic JJ 39142 1910 25 handwork handwork NN 39142 1910 26 , , , 39142 1910 27 combine combine VB 39142 1910 28 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1910 29 all all DT 39142 1910 30 into into IN 39142 1910 31 a a DT 39142 1910 32 single single JJ 39142 1910 33 drawing drawing NN 39142 1910 34 . . . 39142 1911 1 Wesley Wesley NNP 39142 1911 2 of of IN 39142 1911 3 London London NNP 39142 1911 4 has have VBZ 39142 1911 5 succeeded succeed VBN 39142 1911 6 eminently eminently RB 39142 1911 7 in in IN 39142 1911 8 work work NN 39142 1911 9 of of IN 39142 1911 10 this this DT 39142 1911 11 character character NN 39142 1911 12 , , , 39142 1911 13 and and CC 39142 1911 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1911 15 drawings drawing NNS 39142 1911 16 of of IN 39142 1911 17 the the DT 39142 1911 18 sun sun NN 39142 1911 19 's 's POS 39142 1911 20 corona corona NN 39142 1911 21 , , , 39142 1911 22 visible visible JJ 39142 1911 23 at at IN 39142 1911 24 total total JJ 39142 1911 25 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1911 26 from from IN 39142 1911 27 1871 1871 CD 39142 1911 28 onward onward RB 39142 1911 29 , , , 39142 1911 30 in in IN 39142 1911 31 possession possession NN 39142 1911 32 of of IN 39142 1911 33 the the DT 39142 1911 34 Royal Royal NNP 39142 1911 35 Astronomical Astronomical NNP 39142 1911 36 Society Society NNP 39142 1911 37 , , , 39142 1911 38 are be VBP 39142 1911 39 the the DT 39142 1911 40 finest fine JJS 39142 1911 41 in in IN 39142 1911 42 existence existence NN 39142 1911 43 . . . 39142 1912 1 They -PRON- PRP 39142 1912 2 give give VBP 39142 1912 3 a a DT 39142 1912 4 vastly vastly RB 39142 1912 5 better well JJR 39142 1912 6 idea idea NN 39142 1912 7 of of IN 39142 1912 8 the the DT 39142 1912 9 corona corona NN 39142 1912 10 , , , 39142 1912 11 as as IN 39142 1912 12 the the DT 39142 1912 13 eye eye NN 39142 1912 14 sees see VBZ 39142 1912 15 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1912 16 , , , 39142 1912 17 than than IN 39142 1912 18 any any DT 39142 1912 19 single single JJ 39142 1912 20 photograph photograph NN 39142 1912 21 possibly possibly RB 39142 1912 22 can can MD 39142 1912 23 . . . 39142 1913 1 The the DT 39142 1913 2 early early JJ 39142 1913 3 observers observer NNS 39142 1913 4 apparently apparently RB 39142 1913 5 never never RB 39142 1913 6 thought think VBD 39142 1913 7 of of IN 39142 1913 8 the the DT 39142 1913 9 corona corona NN 39142 1913 10 as as IN 39142 1913 11 being be VBG 39142 1913 12 connected connect VBN 39142 1913 13 with with IN 39142 1913 14 the the DT 39142 1913 15 sun sun NN 39142 1913 16 . . . 39142 1914 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1914 2 was be VBD 39142 1914 3 a a DT 39142 1914 4 halo halo NN 39142 1914 5 merely merely RB 39142 1914 6 , , , 39142 1914 7 and and CC 39142 1914 8 so so RB 39142 1914 9 drawn drawn JJ 39142 1914 10 . . . 39142 1915 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1915 2 real real JJ 39142 1915 3 structure structure NN 39142 1915 4 was be VBD 39142 1915 5 neither neither RB 39142 1915 6 known know VBN 39142 1915 7 , , , 39142 1915 8 depicted depict VBN 39142 1915 9 , , , 39142 1915 10 or or CC 39142 1915 11 investigated investigate VBN 39142 1915 12 . . . 39142 1916 1 Sketches sketch NNS 39142 1916 2 were be VBD 39142 1916 3 structureless structureless NN 39142 1916 4 , , , 39142 1916 5 as as IN 39142 1916 6 any any DT 39142 1916 7 aureola aureola NN 39142 1916 8 formed form VBN 39142 1916 9 by by IN 39142 1916 10 stray stray NNP 39142 1916 11 sunlight sunlight NNP 39142 1916 12 grazing graze VBG 39142 1916 13 the the DT 39142 1916 14 moon moon NN 39142 1916 15 might may MD 39142 1916 16 naturally naturally RB 39142 1916 17 be be VB 39142 1916 18 . . . 39142 1917 1 That that IN 39142 1917 2 the the DT 39142 1917 3 rays ray NNS 39142 1917 4 are be VBP 39142 1917 5 curved curved JJ 39142 1917 6 and and CC 39142 1917 7 far far RB 39142 1917 8 from from IN 39142 1917 9 radial radial JJ 39142 1917 10 round round RB 39142 1917 11 the the DT 39142 1917 12 sun sun NN 39142 1917 13 was be VBD 39142 1917 14 shown show VBN 39142 1917 15 for for IN 39142 1917 16 the the DT 39142 1917 17 first first JJ 39142 1917 18 time time NN 39142 1917 19 in in IN 39142 1917 20 the the DT 39142 1917 21 sketches sketch NNS 39142 1917 22 of of IN 39142 1917 23 1842 1842 CD 39142 1917 24 , , , 39142 1917 25 and and CC 39142 1917 26 in in IN 39142 1917 27 1860 1860 CD 39142 1917 28 Sir Sir NNP 39142 1917 29 Francis Francis NNP 39142 1917 30 Galton Galton NNP 39142 1917 31 observed observe VBD 39142 1917 32 that that IN 39142 1917 33 the the DT 39142 1917 34 long long JJ 39142 1917 35 arms arm NNS 39142 1917 36 or or CC 39142 1917 37 streamers streamer NNS 39142 1917 38 " " `` 39142 1917 39 do do VBP 39142 1917 40 not not RB 39142 1917 41 radiate radiate VB 39142 1917 42 strictly strictly RB 39142 1917 43 from from IN 39142 1917 44 the the DT 39142 1917 45 center center NN 39142 1917 46 . . . 39142 1917 47 " " '' 39142 1918 1 The the DT 39142 1918 2 inner inner JJ 39142 1918 3 corona corona NN 39142 1918 4 had have VBD 39142 1918 5 first first RB 39142 1918 6 been be VBN 39142 1918 7 recorded record VBN 39142 1918 8 photographically photographically RB 39142 1918 9 on on IN 39142 1918 10 a a DT 39142 1918 11 daguerreotype daguerreotype NN 39142 1918 12 plate plate NN 39142 1918 13 during during IN 39142 1918 14 the the DT 39142 1918 15 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1918 16 of of IN 39142 1918 17 1851 1851 CD 39142 1918 18 , , , 39142 1918 19 but but CC 39142 1918 20 the the DT 39142 1918 21 lens lens NN 39142 1918 22 belonged belong VBD 39142 1918 23 to to IN 39142 1918 24 a a DT 39142 1918 25 heliometer heliometer NN 39142 1918 26 , , , 39142 1918 27 and and CC 39142 1918 28 was be VBD 39142 1918 29 of of IN 39142 1918 30 course course NN 39142 1918 31 uncorrected uncorrected JJ 39142 1918 32 for for IN 39142 1918 33 the the DT 39142 1918 34 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1918 35 rays ray NNS 39142 1918 36 . . . 39142 1919 1 The the DT 39142 1919 2 wet wet JJ 39142 1919 3 collodion collodion NN 39142 1919 4 plates plate NNS 39142 1919 5 of of IN 39142 1919 6 the the DT 39142 1919 7 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1919 8 of of IN 39142 1919 9 1860 1860 CD 39142 1919 10 , , , 39142 1919 11 by by IN 39142 1919 12 De De NNP 39142 1919 13 la la NNP 39142 1919 14 Rue Rue NNP 39142 1919 15 , , , 39142 1919 16 proved prove VBD 39142 1919 17 that that IN 39142 1919 18 not not RB 39142 1919 19 only only RB 39142 1919 20 the the DT 39142 1919 21 prominences prominence NNS 39142 1919 22 but but CC 39142 1919 23 the the DT 39142 1919 24 corona corona NN 39142 1919 25 were be VBD 39142 1919 26 truly truly RB 39142 1919 27 solar solar JJ 39142 1919 28 , , , 39142 1919 29 because because IN 39142 1919 30 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1919 31 series series NN 39142 1919 32 of of IN 39142 1919 33 technically technically RB 39142 1919 34 perfect perfect JJ 39142 1919 35 pictures picture NNS 39142 1919 36 revealed reveal VBD 39142 1919 37 the the DT 39142 1919 38 steady steady JJ 39142 1919 39 and and CC 39142 1919 40 unchanged unchanged JJ 39142 1919 41 character character NN 39142 1919 42 of of IN 39142 1919 43 these these DT 39142 1919 44 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 1919 45 while while IN 39142 1919 46 the the DT 39142 1919 47 moon moon NN 39142 1919 48 's 's POS 39142 1919 49 disk disk NN 39142 1919 50 was be VBD 39142 1919 51 passing pass VBG 39142 1919 52 over over IN 39142 1919 53 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1919 54 as as IN 39142 1919 55 totality totality NN 39142 1919 56 progressed progress VBD 39142 1919 57 . . . 39142 1920 1 And and CC 39142 1920 2 at at IN 39142 1920 3 the the DT 39142 1920 4 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1920 5 of of IN 39142 1920 6 1869 1869 CD 39142 1920 7 , , , 39142 1920 8 Young Young NNP 39142 1920 9 put put VBD 39142 1920 10 the the DT 39142 1920 11 solar solar JJ 39142 1920 12 theory theory NN 39142 1920 13 of of IN 39142 1920 14 the the DT 39142 1920 15 corona corona NN 39142 1920 16 beyond beyond IN 39142 1920 17 the the DT 39142 1920 18 shadow shadow NN 39142 1920 19 of of IN 39142 1920 20 any any DT 39142 1920 21 further further JJ 39142 1920 22 doubt doubt NN 39142 1920 23 by by IN 39142 1920 24 examination examination NN 39142 1920 25 of of IN 39142 1920 26 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1920 27 light light NN 39142 1920 28 with with IN 39142 1920 29 the the DT 39142 1920 30 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 1920 31 and and CC 39142 1920 32 discovering discover VBG 39142 1920 33 a a DT 39142 1920 34 green green JJ 39142 1920 35 line line NN 39142 1920 36 in in IN 39142 1920 37 the the DT 39142 1920 38 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1920 39 due due IN 39142 1920 40 to to IN 39142 1920 41 incandescent incandescent JJ 39142 1920 42 vapor vapor NN 39142 1920 43 of of IN 39142 1920 44 a a DT 39142 1920 45 substance substance NN 39142 1920 46 not not RB 39142 1920 47 then then RB 39142 1920 48 identified identify VBN 39142 1920 49 with with IN 39142 1920 50 anything anything NN 39142 1920 51 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 39142 1920 52 , , , 39142 1920 53 and and CC 39142 1920 54 therefore therefore RB 39142 1920 55 called call VBN 39142 1920 56 coronium coronium NN 39142 1920 57 . . . 39142 1921 1 The the DT 39142 1921 2 total total JJ 39142 1921 3 brilliance brilliance NN 39142 1921 4 of of IN 39142 1921 5 the the DT 39142 1921 6 corona corona NN 39142 1921 7 was be VBD 39142 1921 8 very very RB 39142 1921 9 differently differently RB 39142 1921 10 estimated estimate VBN 39142 1921 11 by by IN 39142 1921 12 the the DT 39142 1921 13 earlier early JJR 39142 1921 14 observers observer NNS 39142 1921 15 , , , 39142 1921 16 though though IN 39142 1921 17 pretty pretty RB 39142 1921 18 carefully carefully RB 39142 1921 19 measured measure VBN 39142 1921 20 at at IN 39142 1921 21 later later RB 39142 1921 22 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1921 23 . . . 39142 1922 1 The the DT 39142 1922 2 standard standard JJ 39142 1922 3 full full JJ 39142 1922 4 moon moon NN 39142 1922 5 is be VBZ 39142 1922 6 used use VBN 39142 1922 7 for for IN 39142 1922 8 reference reference NN 39142 1922 9 , , , 39142 1922 10 and and CC 39142 1922 11 at at IN 39142 1922 12 one one CD 39142 1922 13 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1922 14 the the DT 39142 1922 15 corona corona NN 39142 1922 16 falls fall VBZ 39142 1922 17 short short RB 39142 1922 18 of of IN 39142 1922 19 , , , 39142 1922 20 while while IN 39142 1922 21 at at IN 39142 1922 22 another another DT 39142 1922 23 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1922 24 will will MD 39142 1922 25 exceed exceed VB 39142 1922 26 the the DT 39142 1922 27 full full JJ 39142 1922 28 moon moon NN 39142 1922 29 in in IN 39142 1922 30 brightness brightness NN 39142 1922 31 . . . 39142 1923 1 Variations variation NNS 39142 1923 2 in in IN 39142 1923 3 brilliancy brilliancy NN 39142 1923 4 are be VBP 39142 1923 5 quite quite RB 39142 1923 6 marked marked JJ 39142 1923 7 : : : 39142 1923 8 at at IN 39142 1923 9 one one CD 39142 1923 10 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1923 11 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1923 12 was be VBD 39142 1923 13 nearly nearly RB 39142 1923 14 four four CD 39142 1923 15 times time NNS 39142 1923 16 as as RB 39142 1923 17 bright bright JJ 39142 1923 18 as as IN 39142 1923 19 the the DT 39142 1923 20 full full JJ 39142 1923 21 moon moon NN 39142 1923 22 . . . 39142 1924 1 Much much JJ 39142 1924 2 evidence evidence NN 39142 1924 3 has have VBZ 39142 1924 4 already already RB 39142 1924 5 accumulated accumulate VBN 39142 1924 6 on on IN 39142 1924 7 this this DT 39142 1924 8 question question NN 39142 1924 9 ; ; : 39142 1924 10 but but CC 39142 1924 11 whether whether IN 39142 1924 12 the the DT 39142 1924 13 observed observed JJ 39142 1924 14 variations variation NNS 39142 1924 15 are be VBP 39142 1924 16 real real JJ 39142 1924 17 , , , 39142 1924 18 or or CC 39142 1924 19 due due JJ 39142 1924 20 mainly mainly RB 39142 1924 21 to to IN 39142 1924 22 the the DT 39142 1924 23 varying varying JJ 39142 1924 24 relative relative JJ 39142 1924 25 sizes size NNS 39142 1924 26 of of IN 39142 1924 27 sun sun NN 39142 1924 28 and and CC 39142 1924 29 moon moon NN 39142 1924 30 at at IN 39142 1924 31 different different JJ 39142 1924 32 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1924 33 , , , 39142 1924 34 is be VBZ 39142 1924 35 not not RB 39142 1924 36 yet yet RB 39142 1924 37 known know VBN 39142 1924 38 . . . 39142 1925 1 The the DT 39142 1925 2 coronal coronal JJ 39142 1925 3 light light NN 39142 1925 4 is be VBZ 39142 1925 5 largely largely RB 39142 1925 6 bluish bluish JJ 39142 1925 7 in in IN 39142 1925 8 tint tint NN 39142 1925 9 , , , 39142 1925 10 and and CC 39142 1925 11 this this DT 39142 1925 12 is be VBZ 39142 1925 13 the the DT 39142 1925 14 region region NN 39142 1925 15 of of IN 39142 1925 16 the the DT 39142 1925 17 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1925 18 most most RBS 39142 1925 19 powerfully powerfully RB 39142 1925 20 absorbed absorb VBN 39142 1925 21 by by IN 39142 1925 22 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1925 23 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1925 24 . . . 39142 1926 1 Eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1926 2 are be VBP 39142 1926 3 observed observe VBN 39142 1926 4 by by IN 39142 1926 5 different different JJ 39142 1926 6 expeditions expedition NNS 39142 1926 7 located locate VBN 39142 1926 8 at at IN 39142 1926 9 stations station NNS 39142 1926 10 where where WRB 39142 1926 11 the the DT 39142 1926 12 eclipsed eclipsed JJ 39142 1926 13 sun sun NN 39142 1926 14 stands stand VBZ 39142 1926 15 at at IN 39142 1926 16 very very RB 39142 1926 17 different different JJ 39142 1926 18 altitudes altitude NNS 39142 1926 19 above above IN 39142 1926 20 the the DT 39142 1926 21 horizon horizon NN 39142 1926 22 ; ; : 39142 1926 23 besides besides IN 39142 1926 24 this this DT 39142 1926 25 the the DT 39142 1926 26 localities locality NNS 39142 1926 27 of of IN 39142 1926 28 observation observation NN 39142 1926 29 are be VBP 39142 1926 30 at at IN 39142 1926 31 varied varied JJ 39142 1926 32 elevations elevation NNS 39142 1926 33 above above IN 39142 1926 34 sea sea NN 39142 1926 35 level level NN 39142 1926 36 ; ; : 39142 1926 37 so so IN 39142 1926 38 that that IN 39142 1926 39 the the DT 39142 1926 40 varying varying NN 39142 1926 41 amount amount NN 39142 1926 42 of of IN 39142 1926 43 absorption absorption NN 39142 1926 44 of of IN 39142 1926 45 the the DT 39142 1926 46 coronal coronal JJ 39142 1926 47 light light NN 39142 1926 48 renders render VBZ 39142 1926 49 the the DT 39142 1926 50 problem problem NN 39142 1926 51 one one CD 39142 1926 52 of of IN 39142 1926 53 much much JJ 39142 1926 54 difficulty difficulty NN 39142 1926 55 . . . 39142 1927 1 The the DT 39142 1927 2 long long JJ 39142 1927 3 ecliptic ecliptic JJ 39142 1927 4 streamers streamer NNS 39142 1927 5 of of IN 39142 1927 6 the the DT 39142 1927 7 corona corona NN 39142 1927 8 were be VBD 39142 1927 9 first first RB 39142 1927 10 seen see VBN 39142 1927 11 by by IN 39142 1927 12 Newcomb Newcomb NNP 39142 1927 13 and and CC 39142 1927 14 Langley Langley NNP 39142 1927 15 during during IN 39142 1927 16 the the DT 39142 1927 17 totality totality NN 39142 1927 18 of of IN 39142 1927 19 1878 1878 CD 39142 1927 20 . . . 39142 1928 1 On on IN 39142 1928 2 one one CD 39142 1928 3 side side NN 39142 1928 4 of of IN 39142 1928 5 the the DT 39142 1928 6 sun sun NN 39142 1928 7 there there EX 39142 1928 8 was be VBD 39142 1928 9 a a DT 39142 1928 10 stupendous stupendous JJ 39142 1928 11 extension extension NN 39142 1928 12 of of IN 39142 1928 13 at at IN 39142 1928 14 least least JJS 39142 1928 15 twelve twelve CD 39142 1928 16 solar solar JJ 39142 1928 17 diameters diameter NNS 39142 1928 18 , , , 39142 1928 19 or or CC 39142 1928 20 nearly nearly RB 39142 1928 21 11 11 CD 39142 1928 22 millions million NNS 39142 1928 23 of of IN 39142 1928 24 miles mile NNS 39142 1928 25 . . . 39142 1929 1 Langley Langley NNP 39142 1929 2 observed observe VBD 39142 1929 3 from from IN 39142 1929 4 the the DT 39142 1929 5 summit summit NN 39142 1929 6 of of IN 39142 1929 7 Pike Pike NNP 39142 1929 8 's 's POS 39142 1929 9 Peak Peak NNP 39142 1929 10 , , , 39142 1929 11 over over IN 39142 1929 12 14,000 14,000 CD 39142 1929 13 feet foot NNS 39142 1929 14 high high JJ 39142 1929 15 , , , 39142 1929 16 and and CC 39142 1929 17 was be VBD 39142 1929 18 sure sure JJ 39142 1929 19 that that IN 39142 1929 20 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1929 21 was be VBD 39142 1929 22 witnessing witness VBG 39142 1929 23 a a DT 39142 1929 24 " " `` 39142 1929 25 real real JJ 39142 1929 26 phenomenon phenomenon NN 39142 1929 27 heretofore heretofore RB 39142 1929 28 undescribed undescribed NNP 39142 1929 29 . . . 39142 1929 30 " " '' 39142 1930 1 The the DT 39142 1930 2 vast vast JJ 39142 1930 3 advantage advantage NN 39142 1930 4 of of IN 39142 1930 5 elevation elevation NN 39142 1930 6 was be VBD 39142 1930 7 apparent apparent JJ 39142 1930 8 also also RB 39142 1930 9 from from IN 39142 1930 10 the the DT 39142 1930 11 fact fact NN 39142 1930 12 that that IN 39142 1930 13 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1930 14 held hold VBD 39142 1930 15 the the DT 39142 1930 16 corona corona NN 39142 1930 17 for for IN 39142 1930 18 more more JJR 39142 1930 19 than than IN 39142 1930 20 four four CD 39142 1930 21 minutes minute NNS 39142 1930 22 after after IN 39142 1930 23 true true JJ 39142 1930 24 totality totality NN 39142 1930 25 had have VBD 39142 1930 26 ended end VBN 39142 1930 27 . . . 39142 1931 1 These these DT 39142 1931 2 streamers streamer NNS 39142 1931 3 are be VBP 39142 1931 4 characteristic characteristic JJ 39142 1931 5 of of IN 39142 1931 6 the the DT 39142 1931 7 epoch epoch NN 39142 1931 8 of of IN 39142 1931 9 minimum minimum JJ 39142 1931 10 spots spot NNS 39142 1931 11 on on IN 39142 1931 12 the the DT 39142 1931 13 sun sun NN 39142 1931 14 , , , 39142 1931 15 as as IN 39142 1931 16 Ranyard Ranyard NNP 39142 1931 17 first first RB 39142 1931 18 suggested suggest VBD 39142 1931 19 . . . 39142 1932 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1932 2 was be VBD 39142 1932 3 found find VBN 39142 1932 4 that that IN 39142 1932 5 this this DT 39142 1932 6 type type NN 39142 1932 7 of of IN 39142 1932 8 corona corona NN 39142 1932 9 had have VBD 39142 1932 10 been be VBN 39142 1932 11 recorded record VBN 39142 1932 12 also also RB 39142 1932 13 in in IN 39142 1932 14 1867 1867 CD 39142 1932 15 ; ; : 39142 1932 16 and and CC 39142 1932 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1932 18 has have VBZ 39142 1932 19 reappeared reappear VBN 39142 1932 20 in in IN 39142 1932 21 1889 1889 CD 39142 1932 22 , , , 39142 1932 23 1900 1900 CD 39142 1932 24 and and CC 39142 1932 25 1911 1911 CD 39142 1932 26 , , , 39142 1932 27 and and CC 39142 1932 28 will will MD 39142 1932 29 doubtless doubtless RB 39142 1932 30 be be VB 39142 1932 31 visible visible JJ 39142 1932 32 again again RB 39142 1932 33 in in IN 39142 1932 34 1922 1922 CD 39142 1932 35 . . . 39142 1933 1 How how WRB 39142 1933 2 rapidly rapidly RB 39142 1933 3 the the DT 39142 1933 4 streamers streamer NNS 39142 1933 5 of of IN 39142 1933 6 the the DT 39142 1933 7 corona corona NN 39142 1933 8 vary vary NN 39142 1933 9 is be VBZ 39142 1933 10 not not RB 39142 1933 11 known know VBN 39142 1933 12 . . . 39142 1934 1 Occasionally occasionally RB 39142 1934 2 an an DT 39142 1934 3 observer observer NN 39142 1934 4 reports report NNS 39142 1934 5 having have VBG 39142 1934 6 seen see VBN 39142 1934 7 the the DT 39142 1934 8 filaments filament NNS 39142 1934 9 vibrate vibrate VB 39142 1934 10 rapidly rapidly RB 39142 1934 11 as as IN 39142 1934 12 in in IN 39142 1934 13 the the DT 39142 1934 14 aurora aurora NNP 39142 1934 15 borealis borealis NNP 39142 1934 16 , , , 39142 1934 17 but but CC 39142 1934 18 this this DT 39142 1934 19 is be VBZ 39142 1934 20 not not RB 39142 1934 21 verified verify VBN 39142 1934 22 by by IN 39142 1934 23 others other NNS 39142 1934 24 who who WP 39142 1934 25 saw see VBD 39142 1934 26 the the DT 39142 1934 27 same same JJ 39142 1934 28 corona corona NN 39142 1934 29 perfectly perfectly RB 39142 1934 30 unmoving unmoving JJ 39142 1934 31 . . . 39142 1935 1 Comparisons comparison NNS 39142 1935 2 of of IN 39142 1935 3 photographs photograph NNS 39142 1935 4 taken take VBN 39142 1935 5 at at IN 39142 1935 6 widely widely RB 39142 1935 7 separate separate JJ 39142 1935 8 stations station NNS 39142 1935 9 during during IN 39142 1935 10 the the DT 39142 1935 11 same same JJ 39142 1935 12 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1935 13 have have VBP 39142 1935 14 shown show VBN 39142 1935 15 that that IN 39142 1935 16 at at IN 39142 1935 17 least least JJS 39142 1935 18 the the DT 39142 1935 19 corona corona NN 39142 1935 20 remained remain VBD 39142 1935 21 stationary stationary JJ 39142 1935 22 for for IN 39142 1935 23 hours hour NNS 39142 1935 24 at at IN 39142 1935 25 a a DT 39142 1935 26 time time NN 39142 1935 27 . . . 39142 1936 1 Whether whether IN 39142 1936 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1936 3 may may MD 39142 1936 4 be be VB 39142 1936 5 unchanged unchanged JJ 39142 1936 6 at at IN 39142 1936 7 the the DT 39142 1936 8 end end NN 39142 1936 9 of of IN 39142 1936 10 a a DT 39142 1936 11 day day NN 39142 1936 12 , , , 39142 1936 13 or or CC 39142 1936 14 a a DT 39142 1936 15 week week NN 39142 1936 16 , , , 39142 1936 17 or or CC 39142 1936 18 a a DT 39142 1936 19 month month NN 39142 1936 20 , , , 39142 1936 21 is be VBZ 39142 1936 22 not not RB 39142 1936 23 known know VBN 39142 1936 24 ; ; : 39142 1936 25 because because IN 39142 1936 26 no no DT 39142 1936 27 two two CD 39142 1936 28 total total JJ 39142 1936 29 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1936 30 can can MD 39142 1936 31 ever ever RB 39142 1936 32 happen happen VB 39142 1936 33 nearer near JJR 39142 1936 34 each each DT 39142 1936 35 other other JJ 39142 1936 36 than than IN 39142 1936 37 within within IN 39142 1936 38 an an DT 39142 1936 39 interval interval NN 39142 1936 40 of of IN 39142 1936 41 173 173 CD 39142 1936 42 days day NNS 39142 1936 43 , , , 39142 1936 44 or or CC 39142 1936 45 one one CD 39142 1936 46 - - HYPH 39142 1936 47 half half NN 39142 1936 48 of of IN 39142 1936 49 the the DT 39142 1936 50 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1936 51 year year NN 39142 1936 52 . . . 39142 1937 1 And and CC 39142 1937 2 usually usually RB 39142 1937 3 the the DT 39142 1937 4 interval interval NN 39142 1937 5 between between IN 39142 1937 6 total total JJ 39142 1937 7 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1937 8 is be VBZ 39142 1937 9 twice twice RB 39142 1937 10 or or CC 39142 1937 11 three three CD 39142 1937 12 times time NNS 39142 1937 13 this this DT 39142 1937 14 period period NN 39142 1937 15 . . . 39142 1938 1 Theories theory NNS 39142 1938 2 of of IN 39142 1938 3 what what WP 39142 1938 4 the the DT 39142 1938 5 solar solar JJ 39142 1938 6 corona corona NN 39142 1938 7 may may MD 39142 1938 8 be be VB 39142 1938 9 are be VBP 39142 1938 10 very very RB 39142 1938 11 numerous numerous JJ 39142 1938 12 . . . 39142 1939 1 The the DT 39142 1939 2 extreme extreme JJ 39142 1939 3 inner inner JJ 39142 1939 4 corona corona NN 39142 1939 5 is be VBZ 39142 1939 6 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 1939 7 in in IN 39142 1939 8 part part NN 39142 1939 9 a a DT 39142 1939 10 sort sort NN 39142 1939 11 of of IN 39142 1939 12 gaseous gaseous JJ 39142 1939 13 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1939 14 of of IN 39142 1939 15 the the DT 39142 1939 16 sun sun NN 39142 1939 17 , , , 39142 1939 18 due due JJ 39142 1939 19 to to IN 39142 1939 20 matter matter NN 39142 1939 21 ejected eject VBN 39142 1939 22 from from IN 39142 1939 23 the the DT 39142 1939 24 sun sun NN 39142 1939 25 , , , 39142 1939 26 and and CC 39142 1939 27 kept keep VBD 39142 1939 28 in in IN 39142 1939 29 motion motion NN 39142 1939 30 by by IN 39142 1939 31 forces force NNS 39142 1939 32 of of IN 39142 1939 33 ejection ejection NN 39142 1939 34 , , , 39142 1939 35 gravity gravity NN 39142 1939 36 , , , 39142 1939 37 and and CC 39142 1939 38 repulsion repulsion NN 39142 1939 39 of of IN 39142 1939 40 some some DT 39142 1939 41 sort sort NN 39142 1939 42 . . . 39142 1940 1 Meteoric meteoric JJ 39142 1940 2 matter matter NN 39142 1940 3 is be VBZ 39142 1940 4 likely likely RB 39142 1940 5 concerned concern VBN 39142 1940 6 in in IN 39142 1940 7 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1940 8 , , , 39142 1940 9 and and CC 39142 1940 10 Huggins Huggins NNP 39142 1940 11 suggested suggest VBD 39142 1940 12 the the DT 39142 1940 13 débris débris NN 39142 1940 14 of of IN 39142 1940 15 disintegrating disintegrate VBG 39142 1940 16 comets comet NNS 39142 1940 17 . . . 39142 1941 1 Schuster schuster NN 39142 1941 2 was be VBD 39142 1941 3 in in IN 39142 1941 4 agreement agreement NN 39142 1941 5 with with IN 39142 1941 6 Huggins Huggins NNP 39142 1941 7 that that IN 39142 1941 8 the the DT 39142 1941 9 brighter bright JJR 39142 1941 10 filaments filament NNS 39142 1941 11 of of IN 39142 1941 12 the the DT 39142 1941 13 corona corona NN 39142 1941 14 might may MD 39142 1941 15 be be VB 39142 1941 16 due due IN 39142 1941 17 to to IN 39142 1941 18 electric electric JJ 39142 1941 19 discharges discharge NNS 39142 1941 20 , , , 39142 1941 21 but but CC 39142 1941 22 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1941 23 seems seem VBZ 39142 1941 24 very very RB 39142 1941 25 unlikely unlikely JJ 39142 1941 26 that that IN 39142 1941 27 any any DT 39142 1941 28 single single JJ 39142 1941 29 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 1941 30 can can MD 39142 1941 31 completely completely RB 39142 1941 32 account account VB 39142 1941 33 for for IN 39142 1941 34 the the DT 39142 1941 35 intricate intricate JJ 39142 1941 36 tracery tracery NN 39142 1941 37 of of IN 39142 1941 38 so so RB 39142 1941 39 complex complex JJ 39142 1941 40 a a DT 39142 1941 41 phenomenon phenomenon NN 39142 1941 42 . . . 39142 1942 1 [ [ -LRB- 39142 1942 2 Illustration illustration NN 39142 1942 3 : : : 39142 1942 4 SOLAR solar NN 39142 1942 5 CORONA corona NN 39142 1942 6 AND and CC 39142 1942 7 PROMINENCES PROMINENCES NNP 39142 1942 8 . . . 39142 1943 1 Photographed photograph VBN 39142 1943 2 during during IN 39142 1943 3 a a DT 39142 1943 4 total total JJ 39142 1943 5 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1943 6 of of IN 39142 1943 7 the the DT 39142 1943 8 sun sun NN 39142 1943 9 , , , 39142 1943 10 June June NNP 39142 1943 11 8 8 CD 39142 1943 12 , , , 39142 1943 13 1918 1918 CD 39142 1943 14 . . . 39142 1944 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1944 2 _ _ NNP 39142 1944 3 Courtesy Courtesy NNP 39142 1944 4 , , , 39142 1944 5 American American NNP 39142 1944 6 Museum Museum NNP 39142 1944 7 of of IN 39142 1944 8 Natural Natural NNP 39142 1944 9 History History NNP 39142 1944 10 . . . 39142 1944 11 _ _ NNP 39142 1944 12 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1944 13 ] ] -RRB- 39142 1944 14 [ [ -LRB- 39142 1944 15 Illustration illustration NN 39142 1944 16 : : : 39142 1944 17 VENUS VENUS NNP 39142 1944 18 , , , 39142 1944 19 SHOWING show VBG 39142 1944 20 CRESCENT crescent JJ 39142 1944 21 PHASE phase NN 39142 1944 22 OF of IN 39142 1944 23 THE the DT 39142 1944 24 PLANET PLANET NNS 39142 1944 25 . . . 39142 1945 1 Venus Venus NNP 39142 1945 2 is be VBZ 39142 1945 3 the the DT 39142 1945 4 earth earth NN 39142 1945 5 's 's POS 39142 1945 6 nearest near JJS 39142 1945 7 neighbor neighbor NN 39142 1945 8 on on IN 39142 1945 9 the the DT 39142 1945 10 side side NN 39142 1945 11 toward toward IN 39142 1945 12 the the DT 39142 1945 13 sun sun NN 39142 1945 14 . . . 39142 1946 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1946 2 _ _ NNP 39142 1946 3 Photo Photo NNP 39142 1946 4 , , , 39142 1946 5 Yerkes Yerkes NNP 39142 1946 6 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1946 7 . . . 39142 1946 8 _ _ NNP 39142 1946 9 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1946 10 ] ] -RRB- 39142 1946 11 [ [ -LRB- 39142 1946 12 Illustration illustration NN 39142 1946 13 : : : 39142 1946 14 MARS MARS NNP 39142 1946 15 , , , 39142 1946 16 THE the DT 39142 1946 17 PLANET PLANET NNP 39142 1946 18 NEXT NEXT NNP 39142 1946 19 BEYOND BEYOND NNP 39142 1946 20 THE the DT 39142 1946 21 EARTH earth NN 39142 1946 22 . . . 39142 1947 1 The the DT 39142 1947 2 photograph photograph NN 39142 1947 3 shows show VBZ 39142 1947 4 one one CD 39142 1947 5 of of IN 39142 1947 6 the the DT 39142 1947 7 white white JJ 39142 1947 8 polar polar NNP 39142 1947 9 caps cap NNS 39142 1947 10 . . . 39142 1948 1 The the DT 39142 1948 2 caps cap NNS 39142 1948 3 are be VBP 39142 1948 4 thought think VBN 39142 1948 5 to to TO 39142 1948 6 be be VB 39142 1948 7 snow snow NN 39142 1948 8 or or CC 39142 1948 9 ice ice NN 39142 1948 10 and and CC 39142 1948 11 may may MD 39142 1948 12 indicate indicate VB 39142 1948 13 the the DT 39142 1948 14 existence existence NN 39142 1948 15 of of IN 39142 1948 16 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1948 17 . . . 39142 1949 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1949 2 _ _ NNP 39142 1949 3 Photo Photo NNP 39142 1949 4 , , , 39142 1949 5 Yerkes Yerkes NNP 39142 1949 6 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 1949 7 . . . 39142 1949 8 _ _ NNP 39142 1949 9 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1949 10 ] ] -RRB- 39142 1949 11 Elaborate elaborate JJ 39142 1949 12 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 1949 13 programs program NNS 39142 1949 14 have have VBP 39142 1949 15 been be VBN 39142 1949 16 carried carry VBN 39142 1949 17 out out RP 39142 1949 18 at at IN 39142 1949 19 recent recent JJ 39142 1949 20 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1949 21 , , , 39142 1949 22 affording afford VBG 39142 1949 23 evidence evidence NN 39142 1949 24 that that IN 39142 1949 25 certain certain JJ 39142 1949 26 regions region NNS 39142 1949 27 are be VBP 39142 1949 28 due due JJ 39142 1949 29 to to IN 39142 1949 30 incandescent incandescent JJ 39142 1949 31 matter matter NN 39142 1949 32 of of IN 39142 1949 33 lower low JJR 39142 1949 34 temperature temperature NN 39142 1949 35 than than IN 39142 1949 36 the the DT 39142 1949 37 sun sun NN 39142 1949 38 's 's POS 39142 1949 39 surface surface NN 39142 1949 40 . . . 39142 1950 1 A a DT 39142 1950 2 small small JJ 39142 1950 3 part part NN 39142 1950 4 of of IN 39142 1950 5 the the DT 39142 1950 6 light light NN 39142 1950 7 of of IN 39142 1950 8 the the DT 39142 1950 9 corona corona NN 39142 1950 10 is be VBZ 39142 1950 11 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 1950 12 reflected reflect VBN 39142 1950 13 from from IN 39142 1950 14 dark dark JJ 39142 1950 15 particles particle NNS 39142 1950 16 possibly possibly RB 39142 1950 17 meteoric meteoric JJ 39142 1950 18 , , , 39142 1950 19 but but CC 39142 1950 20 more more RBR 39142 1950 21 likely likely JJ 39142 1950 22 dust dust NN 39142 1950 23 particles particle NNS 39142 1950 24 or or CC 39142 1950 25 fog fog NN 39142 1950 26 of of IN 39142 1950 27 some some DT 39142 1950 28 sort sort NN 39142 1950 29 . . . 39142 1951 1 This this DT 39142 1951 2 accounts account VBZ 39142 1951 3 for for IN 39142 1951 4 the the DT 39142 1951 5 weakened weakened JJ 39142 1951 6 solar solar JJ 39142 1951 7 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 1951 8 with with IN 39142 1951 9 Fraunhofer Fraunhofer NNP 39142 1951 10 absorption absorption NN 39142 1951 11 lines line NNS 39142 1951 12 , , , 39142 1951 13 and and CC 39142 1951 14 this this DT 39142 1951 15 part part NN 39142 1951 16 of of IN 39142 1951 17 the the DT 39142 1951 18 light light NN 39142 1951 19 is be VBZ 39142 1951 20 polarized polarize VBN 39142 1951 21 . . . 39142 1952 1 Many many JJ 39142 1952 2 have have VBP 39142 1952 3 been be VBN 39142 1952 4 the the DT 39142 1952 5 attempts attempt NNS 39142 1952 6 to to TO 39142 1952 7 see see VB 39142 1952 8 , , , 39142 1952 9 or or CC 39142 1952 10 photograph photograph NNP 39142 1952 11 , , , 39142 1952 12 the the DT 39142 1952 13 corona corona NN 39142 1952 14 without without IN 39142 1952 15 an an DT 39142 1952 16 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1952 17 . . . 39142 1953 1 None none NN 39142 1953 2 of of IN 39142 1953 3 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1953 4 has have VBZ 39142 1953 5 , , , 39142 1953 6 however however RB 39142 1953 7 , , , 39142 1953 8 succeeded succeed VBD 39142 1953 9 as as RB 39142 1953 10 yet yet RB 39142 1953 11 . . . 39142 1954 1 Huggins huggin NNS 39142 1954 2 got get VBD 39142 1954 3 very very RB 39142 1954 4 promising promising JJ 39142 1954 5 results result NNS 39142 1954 6 nearly nearly RB 39142 1954 7 forty forty CD 39142 1954 8 years year NNS 39142 1954 9 ago ago RB 39142 1954 10 , , , 39142 1954 11 and and CC 39142 1954 12 success success NN 39142 1954 13 was be VBD 39142 1954 14 thought think VBN 39142 1954 15 to to TO 39142 1954 16 have have VB 39142 1954 17 been be VBN 39142 1954 18 reached reach VBN 39142 1954 19 ; ; : 39142 1954 20 but but CC 39142 1954 21 subsequent subsequent JJ 39142 1954 22 experiments experiment NNS 39142 1954 23 on on IN 39142 1954 24 the the DT 39142 1954 25 Riffelberg Riffelberg NNP 39142 1954 26 in in IN 39142 1954 27 1884 1884 CD 39142 1954 28 and and CC 39142 1954 29 later later RB 39142 1954 30 convinced convince VBD 39142 1954 31 him -PRON- PRP 39142 1954 32 that that IN 39142 1954 33 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1954 34 results result NNS 39142 1954 35 related relate VBN 39142 1954 36 only only RB 39142 1954 37 to to IN 39142 1954 38 a a DT 39142 1954 39 spurious spurious JJ 39142 1954 40 corona corona NN 39142 1954 41 . . . 39142 1955 1 In in IN 39142 1955 2 1887 1887 CD 39142 1955 3 the the DT 39142 1955 4 writer writer NN 39142 1955 5 made make VBD 39142 1955 6 an an DT 39142 1955 7 unsuccessful unsuccessful JJ 39142 1955 8 attempt attempt NN 39142 1955 9 to to TO 39142 1955 10 visualize visualize VB 39142 1955 11 the the DT 39142 1955 12 corona corona NN 39142 1955 13 from from IN 39142 1955 14 the the DT 39142 1955 15 summit summit NN 39142 1955 16 of of IN 39142 1955 17 Fujiyama Fujiyama NNP 39142 1955 18 , , , 39142 1955 19 and and CC 39142 1955 20 Hale Hale NNP 39142 1955 21 tried try VBD 39142 1955 22 both both DT 39142 1955 23 optical optical JJ 39142 1955 24 and and CC 39142 1955 25 photographic photographic JJ 39142 1955 26 methods method NNS 39142 1955 27 on on IN 39142 1955 28 Pike Pike NNP 39142 1955 29 's 's POS 39142 1955 30 Peak Peak NNP 39142 1955 31 in in IN 39142 1955 32 1893 1893 CD 39142 1955 33 without without IN 39142 1955 34 success success NN 39142 1955 35 . . . 39142 1956 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 1956 2 devised devise VBD 39142 1956 3 later later RB 39142 1956 4 a a DT 39142 1956 5 promising promising JJ 39142 1956 6 method method NN 39142 1956 7 by by IN 39142 1956 8 which which WDT 39142 1956 9 the the DT 39142 1956 10 heat heat NN 39142 1956 11 of of IN 39142 1956 12 the the DT 39142 1956 13 corona corona NN 39142 1956 14 in in IN 39142 1956 15 different different JJ 39142 1956 16 regions region NNS 39142 1956 17 can can MD 39142 1956 18 be be VB 39142 1956 19 measured measure VBN 39142 1956 20 by by IN 39142 1956 21 the the DT 39142 1956 22 bolometer bolometer NN 39142 1956 23 , , , 39142 1956 24 and and CC 39142 1956 25 an an DT 39142 1956 26 outline outline JJ 39142 1956 27 corona corona NN 39142 1956 28 afterward afterward RB 39142 1956 29 sketched sketch VBD 39142 1956 30 from from IN 39142 1956 31 these these DT 39142 1956 32 results result NNS 39142 1956 33 . . . 39142 1957 1 Still still RB 39142 1957 2 another another DT 39142 1957 3 method method NN 39142 1957 4 of of IN 39142 1957 5 attacking attack VBG 39142 1957 6 the the DT 39142 1957 7 problem problem NN 39142 1957 8 occurred occur VBD 39142 1957 9 to to IN 39142 1957 10 the the DT 39142 1957 11 writer writer NN 39142 1957 12 in in IN 39142 1957 13 1919 1919 CD 39142 1957 14 , , , 39142 1957 15 which which WDT 39142 1957 16 has have VBZ 39142 1957 17 not not RB 39142 1957 18 yet yet RB 39142 1957 19 been be VBN 39142 1957 20 carried carry VBN 39142 1957 21 out out RP 39142 1957 22 . . . 39142 1958 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1958 2 would would MD 39142 1958 3 take take VB 39142 1958 4 advantage advantage NN 39142 1958 5 of of IN 39142 1958 6 recent recent JJ 39142 1958 7 advances advance NNS 39142 1958 8 in in IN 39142 1958 9 aeronautics aeronautic NNS 39142 1958 10 , , , 39142 1958 11 and and CC 39142 1958 12 contemplates contemplate VBZ 39142 1958 13 an an DT 39142 1958 14 artificial artificial JJ 39142 1958 15 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1958 16 in in IN 39142 1958 17 the the DT 39142 1958 18 upper upper JJ 39142 1958 19 air air NN 39142 1958 20 by by IN 39142 1958 21 means mean NNS 39142 1958 22 of of IN 39142 1958 23 a a DT 39142 1958 24 black black JJ 39142 1958 25 spherical spherical JJ 39142 1958 26 balloon balloon NN 39142 1958 27 . . . 39142 1959 1 This this DT 39142 1959 2 would would MD 39142 1959 3 be be VB 39142 1959 4 sent send VBN 39142 1959 5 up up RP 39142 1959 6 to to IN 39142 1959 7 an an DT 39142 1959 8 altitude altitude NN 39142 1959 9 of of IN 39142 1959 10 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 1959 11 40,000 40,000 CD 39142 1959 12 feet foot NNS 39142 1959 13 , , , 39142 1959 14 where where WRB 39142 1959 15 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1959 16 would would MD 39142 1959 17 partake partake VB 39142 1959 18 of of IN 39142 1959 19 the the DT 39142 1959 20 motion motion NN 39142 1959 21 of of IN 39142 1959 22 the the DT 39142 1959 23 air air NN 39142 1959 24 current current NN 39142 1959 25 in in IN 39142 1959 26 which which WDT 39142 1959 27 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1959 28 came come VBD 39142 1959 29 to to IN 39142 1959 30 equilibrium equilibrium NN 39142 1959 31 . . . 39142 1960 1 Then then RB 39142 1960 2 a a DT 39142 1960 3 snapshot snapshot NN 39142 1960 4 camera camera NN 39142 1960 5 would would MD 39142 1960 6 be be VB 39142 1960 7 mounted mount VBN 39142 1960 8 on on IN 39142 1960 9 an an DT 39142 1960 10 aeroplane aeroplane NN 39142 1960 11 , , , 39142 1960 12 in in IN 39142 1960 13 which which WDT 39142 1960 14 the the DT 39142 1960 15 aviator aviator NN 39142 1960 16 would would MD 39142 1960 17 ascend ascend VB 39142 1960 18 to to IN 39142 1960 19 such such PDT 39142 1960 20 a a DT 39142 1960 21 height height NN 39142 1960 22 that that IN 39142 1960 23 the the DT 39142 1960 24 balloon balloon NN 39142 1960 25 just just RB 39142 1960 26 covered cover VBD 39142 1960 27 the the DT 39142 1960 28 sun sun NN 39142 1960 29 , , , 39142 1960 30 as as IN 39142 1960 31 the the DT 39142 1960 32 moon moon NN 39142 1960 33 does do VBZ 39142 1960 34 in in IN 39142 1960 35 a a DT 39142 1960 36 total total JJ 39142 1960 37 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 1960 38 . . . 39142 1961 1 With with IN 39142 1961 2 the the DT 39142 1961 3 center center NN 39142 1961 4 of of IN 39142 1961 5 the the DT 39142 1961 6 balloon balloon NN 39142 1961 7 in in IN 39142 1961 8 line line NN 39142 1961 9 with with IN 39142 1961 10 the the DT 39142 1961 11 sun sun NN 39142 1961 12 's 's POS 39142 1961 13 center center NN 39142 1961 14 , , , 39142 1961 15 he -PRON- PRP 39142 1961 16 would would MD 39142 1961 17 photograph photograph VB 39142 1961 18 the the DT 39142 1961 19 regions region NNS 39142 1961 20 of of IN 39142 1961 21 the the DT 39142 1961 22 sky sky NN 39142 1961 23 immediately immediately RB 39142 1961 24 surrounding surround VBG 39142 1961 25 the the DT 39142 1961 26 sun sun NN 39142 1961 27 , , , 39142 1961 28 against against IN 39142 1961 29 which which WDT 39142 1961 30 the the DT 39142 1961 31 corona corona NN 39142 1961 32 is be VBZ 39142 1961 33 projected project VBN 39142 1961 34 . . . 39142 1962 1 As as IN 39142 1962 2 the the DT 39142 1962 3 entire entire JJ 39142 1962 4 apparatus apparatus NN 39142 1962 5 would would MD 39142 1962 6 be be VB 39142 1962 7 above above IN 39142 1962 8 more more JJR 39142 1962 9 than than IN 39142 1962 10 an an DT 39142 1962 11 entire entire JJ 39142 1962 12 half half NN 39142 1962 13 of of IN 39142 1962 14 the the DT 39142 1962 15 earth earth NN 39142 1962 16 's 's POS 39142 1962 17 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1962 18 , , , 39142 1962 19 the the DT 39142 1962 20 experiment experiment NN 39142 1962 21 would would MD 39142 1962 22 be be VB 39142 1962 23 well well RB 39142 1962 24 worth worth JJ 39142 1962 25 the the DT 39142 1962 26 attempt attempt NN 39142 1962 27 , , , 39142 1962 28 as as RB 39142 1962 29 pretty pretty RB 39142 1962 30 much much JJ 39142 1962 31 everything everything NN 39142 1962 32 else else RB 39142 1962 33 has have VBZ 39142 1962 34 been be VBN 39142 1962 35 tried try VBN 39142 1962 36 and and CC 39142 1962 37 found find VBN 39142 1962 38 wanting want VBG 39142 1962 39 . . . 39142 1963 1 Needless needless JJ 39142 1963 2 to to TO 39142 1963 3 say say VB 39142 1963 4 , , , 39142 1963 5 the the DT 39142 1963 6 importance importance NN 39142 1963 7 of of IN 39142 1963 8 seeing see VBG 39142 1963 9 the the DT 39142 1963 10 corona corona NN 39142 1963 11 at at IN 39142 1963 12 regular regular JJ 39142 1963 13 intervals interval NNS 39142 1963 14 whenever whenever WRB 39142 1963 15 desired desire VBN 39142 1963 16 , , , 39142 1963 17 without without IN 39142 1963 18 waiting wait VBG 39142 1963 19 for for IN 39142 1963 20 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 1963 21 of of IN 39142 1963 22 the the DT 39142 1963 23 sun sun NN 39142 1963 24 , , , 39142 1963 25 remains remain VBZ 39142 1963 26 as as RB 39142 1963 27 insistent insistent JJ 39142 1963 28 as as IN 39142 1963 29 ever ever RB 39142 1963 30 . . . 39142 1964 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 1964 2 XXXII xxxii NN 39142 1964 3 THE the DT 39142 1964 4 RUDDY ruddy NN 39142 1964 5 PLANET PLANET NNP 39142 1964 6 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1964 7 is be VBZ 39142 1964 8 a a DT 39142 1964 9 planet planet NN 39142 1964 10 next next JJ 39142 1964 11 in in IN 39142 1964 12 order order NN 39142 1964 13 beyond beyond IN 39142 1964 14 the the DT 39142 1964 15 earth earth NN 39142 1964 16 , , , 39142 1964 17 and and CC 39142 1964 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1964 19 distance distance NN 39142 1964 20 from from IN 39142 1964 21 the the DT 39142 1964 22 sun sun NN 39142 1964 23 averages averages NNP 39142 1964 24 141 141 CD 39142 1964 25 - - SYM 39142 1964 26 1/2 1/2 CD 39142 1964 27 million million CD 39142 1964 28 miles mile NNS 39142 1964 29 . . . 39142 1965 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1965 2 has have VBZ 39142 1965 3 a a DT 39142 1965 4 relatively relatively RB 39142 1965 5 rapid rapid JJ 39142 1965 6 motion motion NN 39142 1965 7 among among IN 39142 1965 8 the the DT 39142 1965 9 stars star NNS 39142 1965 10 , , , 39142 1965 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1965 12 color color NN 39142 1965 13 is be VBZ 39142 1965 14 reddish reddish JJ 39142 1965 15 , , , 39142 1965 16 and and CC 39142 1965 17 , , , 39142 1965 18 when when WRB 39142 1965 19 nearest near JJS 39142 1965 20 to to IN 39142 1965 21 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1965 22 , , , 39142 1965 23 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1965 24 is be VBZ 39142 1965 25 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 1965 26 the the DT 39142 1965 27 most most RBS 39142 1965 28 conspicuous conspicuous JJ 39142 1965 29 object object NN 39142 1965 30 in in IN 39142 1965 31 the the DT 39142 1965 32 sky sky NN 39142 1965 33 . . . 39142 1966 1 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1966 2 appeared appear VBD 39142 1966 3 to to IN 39142 1966 4 the the DT 39142 1966 5 ancients ancient NNS 39142 1966 6 just just RB 39142 1966 7 as as IN 39142 1966 8 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1966 9 does do VBZ 39142 1966 10 to to IN 39142 1966 11 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1966 12 to to NN 39142 1966 13 - - HYPH 39142 1966 14 day day NN 39142 1966 15 . . . 39142 1967 1 Aristotle Aristotle NNP 39142 1967 2 recorded record VBD 39142 1967 3 an an DT 39142 1967 4 observation observation NN 39142 1967 5 of of IN 39142 1967 6 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1967 7 , , , 39142 1967 8 356 356 CD 39142 1967 9 B. B. NNP 39142 1967 10 C. C. NNP 39142 1967 11 , , , 39142 1967 12 when when WRB 39142 1967 13 the the DT 39142 1967 14 moon moon NN 39142 1967 15 passed pass VBD 39142 1967 16 over over IN 39142 1967 17 the the DT 39142 1967 18 planet planet NN 39142 1967 19 , , , 39142 1967 20 or or CC 39142 1967 21 occulted occult VBD 39142 1967 22 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1967 23 , , , 39142 1967 24 as as IN 39142 1967 25 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1967 26 expression expression NN 39142 1967 27 is be VBZ 39142 1967 28 . . . 39142 1968 1 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 1968 2 made make VBD 39142 1968 3 the the DT 39142 1968 4 first first JJ 39142 1968 5 observations observation NNS 39142 1968 6 of of IN 39142 1968 7 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1968 8 with with IN 39142 1968 9 a a DT 39142 1968 10 telescope telescope NN 39142 1968 11 in in IN 39142 1968 12 1610 1610 CD 39142 1968 13 , , , 39142 1968 14 and and CC 39142 1968 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1968 16 little little JJ 39142 1968 17 instrument instrument NN 39142 1968 18 was be VBD 39142 1968 19 powerful powerful JJ 39142 1968 20 enough enough RB 39142 1968 21 to to TO 39142 1968 22 enable enable VB 39142 1968 23 him -PRON- PRP 39142 1968 24 to to TO 39142 1968 25 discover discover VB 39142 1968 26 that that IN 39142 1968 27 the the DT 39142 1968 28 planet planet NN 39142 1968 29 had have VBD 39142 1968 30 phases phase NNS 39142 1968 31 , , , 39142 1968 32 though though IN 39142 1968 33 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1968 34 did do VBD 39142 1968 35 not not RB 39142 1968 36 pass pass VB 39142 1968 37 through through IN 39142 1968 38 all all PDT 39142 1968 39 the the DT 39142 1968 40 phases phase NNS 39142 1968 41 that that IN 39142 1968 42 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 1968 43 and and CC 39142 1968 44 Venus Venus NNP 39142 1968 45 do do VBP 39142 1968 46 . . . 39142 1969 1 This this DT 39142 1969 2 was be VBD 39142 1969 3 obvious obvious JJ 39142 1969 4 from from IN 39142 1969 5 the the DT 39142 1969 6 fact fact NN 39142 1969 7 that that IN 39142 1969 8 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1969 9 is be VBZ 39142 1969 10 always always RB 39142 1969 11 at at IN 39142 1969 12 a a DT 39142 1969 13 greater great JJR 39142 1969 14 distance distance NN 39142 1969 15 from from IN 39142 1969 16 the the DT 39142 1969 17 sun sun NN 39142 1969 18 than than IN 39142 1969 19 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1969 20 are be VBP 39142 1969 21 , , , 39142 1969 22 and and CC 39142 1969 23 the the DT 39142 1969 24 phase phase NN 39142 1969 25 can can MD 39142 1969 26 only only RB 39142 1969 27 be be VB 39142 1969 28 gibbous gibbous JJ 39142 1969 29 , , , 39142 1969 30 or or CC 39142 1969 31 about about IN 39142 1969 32 like like UH 39142 1969 33 the the DT 39142 1969 34 moon moon NN 39142 1969 35 when when WRB 39142 1969 36 midway midway NNP 39142 1969 37 between between IN 39142 1969 38 full full JJ 39142 1969 39 and and CC 39142 1969 40 quarter quarter NN 39142 1969 41 . . . 39142 1970 1 Many many JJ 39142 1970 2 observers observer NNS 39142 1970 3 in in IN 39142 1970 4 the the DT 39142 1970 5 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 39142 1970 6 century century NN 39142 1970 7 followed follow VBD 39142 1970 8 up up RP 39142 1970 9 the the DT 39142 1970 10 planet planet NN 39142 1970 11 with with IN 39142 1970 12 such such JJ 39142 1970 13 feeble feeble JJ 39142 1970 14 optical optical JJ 39142 1970 15 power power NN 39142 1970 16 as as IN 39142 1970 17 the the DT 39142 1970 18 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 1970 19 of of IN 39142 1970 20 that that DT 39142 1970 21 epoch epoch NN 39142 1970 22 provided provide VBD 39142 1970 23 : : : 39142 1970 24 Fontana Fontana NNP 39142 1970 25 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1970 26 who who WP 39142 1970 27 made make VBD 39142 1970 28 the the DT 39142 1970 29 first first JJ 39142 1970 30 sketch sketch NN 39142 1970 31 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1970 32 , , , 39142 1970 33 Riccioli Riccioli NNP 39142 1970 34 and and CC 39142 1970 35 Bianchini Bianchini NNP 39142 1970 36 in in IN 39142 1970 37 Italy Italy NNP 39142 1970 38 , , , 39142 1970 39 Cassini Cassini NNP 39142 1970 40 in in IN 39142 1970 41 France France NNP 39142 1970 42 , , , 39142 1970 43 Huygens Huygens NNP 39142 1970 44 in in IN 39142 1970 45 Holland Holland NNP 39142 1970 46 , , , 39142 1970 47 and and CC 39142 1970 48 later later RB 39142 1970 49 Sir Sir NNP 39142 1970 50 William William NNP 39142 1970 51 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 1970 52 in in IN 39142 1970 53 England England NNP 39142 1970 54 . . . 39142 1971 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1971 2 was be VBD 39142 1971 3 Cassini Cassini NNP 39142 1971 4 who who WP 39142 1971 5 first first RB 39142 1971 6 made make VBD 39142 1971 7 out out RP 39142 1971 8 the the DT 39142 1971 9 whitish whitish JJ 39142 1971 10 spots spot NNS 39142 1971 11 or or CC 39142 1971 12 polar polar JJ 39142 1971 13 caps cap NNS 39142 1971 14 of of IN 39142 1971 15 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1971 16 in in IN 39142 1971 17 1666 1666 CD 39142 1971 18 , , , 39142 1971 19 but but CC 39142 1971 20 not not RB 39142 1971 21 until until IN 39142 1971 22 after after IN 39142 1971 23 Huygens Huygens NNP 39142 1971 24 had have VBD 39142 1971 25 noted note VBN 39142 1971 26 the the DT 39142 1971 27 fact fact NN 39142 1971 28 that that IN 39142 1971 29 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1971 30 turned turn VBD 39142 1971 31 round round RB 39142 1971 32 on on IN 39142 1971 33 an an DT 39142 1971 34 axis axis NN 39142 1971 35 in in IN 39142 1971 36 a a DT 39142 1971 37 period period NN 39142 1971 38 but but CC 39142 1971 39 little little JJ 39142 1971 40 longer long JJR 39142 1971 41 than than IN 39142 1971 42 the the DT 39142 1971 43 earth earth NN 39142 1971 44 's 's POS 39142 1971 45 . . . 39142 1972 1 Cassini Cassini NNP 39142 1972 2 followed follow VBD 39142 1972 3 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1972 4 up up RP 39142 1972 5 later later RB 39142 1972 6 with with IN 39142 1972 7 a a DT 39142 1972 8 more more RBR 39142 1972 9 accurate accurate JJ 39142 1972 10 value value NN 39142 1972 11 ; ; : 39142 1972 12 and and CC 39142 1972 13 observations observation NNS 39142 1972 14 in in IN 39142 1972 15 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1972 16 own own JJ 39142 1972 17 day day NN 39142 1972 18 , , , 39142 1972 19 when when WRB 39142 1972 20 combined combine VBN 39142 1972 21 with with IN 39142 1972 22 these these DT 39142 1972 23 early early JJ 39142 1972 24 ones one NNS 39142 1972 25 , , , 39142 1972 26 enable enable VB 39142 1972 27 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1972 28 to to TO 39142 1972 29 say say VB 39142 1972 30 that that IN 39142 1972 31 the the DT 39142 1972 32 Martian martian JJ 39142 1972 33 day day NN 39142 1972 34 is be VBZ 39142 1972 35 equal equal JJ 39142 1972 36 to to IN 39142 1972 37 24 24 CD 39142 1972 38 hours hour NNS 39142 1972 39 37 37 CD 39142 1972 40 minutes minute NNS 39142 1972 41 22.67 22.67 CD 39142 1972 42 seconds second NNS 39142 1972 43 , , , 39142 1972 44 accurate accurate JJ 39142 1972 45 probably probably RB 39142 1972 46 to to IN 39142 1972 47 the the DT 39142 1972 48 hundredth hundredth JJ 39142 1972 49 part part NN 39142 1972 50 of of IN 39142 1972 51 a a DT 39142 1972 52 second second NN 39142 1972 53 . . . 39142 1973 1 When when WRB 39142 1973 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1973 3 know know VBP 39142 1973 4 that that IN 39142 1973 5 a a DT 39142 1973 6 planet planet NN 39142 1973 7 turns turn VBZ 39142 1973 8 round round NN 39142 1973 9 on on IN 39142 1973 10 an an DT 39142 1973 11 axis axis NN 39142 1973 12 , , , 39142 1973 13 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1973 14 know know VBP 39142 1973 15 that that IN 39142 1973 16 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1973 17 has have VBZ 39142 1973 18 a a DT 39142 1973 19 day day NN 39142 1973 20 . . . 39142 1974 1 When when WRB 39142 1974 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1974 3 know know VBP 39142 1974 4 the the DT 39142 1974 5 direction direction NN 39142 1974 6 of of IN 39142 1974 7 the the DT 39142 1974 8 axis axis NN 39142 1974 9 in in IN 39142 1974 10 space space NN 39142 1974 11 or or CC 39142 1974 12 in in IN 39142 1974 13 relation relation NN 39142 1974 14 to to IN 39142 1974 15 the the DT 39142 1974 16 plane plane NN 39142 1974 17 of of IN 39142 1974 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1974 19 path path NN 39142 1974 20 round round IN 39142 1974 21 the the DT 39142 1974 22 sun sun NN 39142 1974 23 , , , 39142 1974 24 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1974 25 know know VBP 39142 1974 26 that that IN 39142 1974 27 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1974 28 has have VBZ 39142 1974 29 seasons season NNS 39142 1974 30 : : : 39142 1974 31 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1974 32 can can MD 39142 1974 33 tell tell VB 39142 1974 34 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1974 35 length length NN 39142 1974 36 and and CC 39142 1974 37 when when WRB 39142 1974 38 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1974 39 begin begin VBP 39142 1974 40 and and CC 39142 1974 41 end end VB 39142 1974 42 . . . 39142 1975 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 1975 2 did do VBD 39142 1975 3 not not RB 39142 1975 4 take take VB 39142 1975 5 many many JJ 39142 1975 6 years year NNS 39142 1975 7 of of IN 39142 1975 8 observation observation NN 39142 1975 9 to to TO 39142 1975 10 prove prove VB 39142 1975 11 that that IN 39142 1975 12 the the DT 39142 1975 13 axis axis JJ 39142 1975 14 round round NN 39142 1975 15 which which WDT 39142 1975 16 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1975 17 turns turn VBZ 39142 1975 18 is be VBZ 39142 1975 19 tilted tilt VBN 39142 1975 20 to to IN 39142 1975 21 the the DT 39142 1975 22 plane plane NN 39142 1975 23 of of IN 39142 1975 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1975 25 path path NN 39142 1975 26 round round IN 39142 1975 27 the the DT 39142 1975 28 sun sun NN 39142 1975 29 by by IN 39142 1975 30 an an DT 39142 1975 31 angle angle NN 39142 1975 32 practically practically RB 39142 1975 33 the the DT 39142 1975 34 same same JJ 39142 1975 35 as as IN 39142 1975 36 that that DT 39142 1975 37 at at IN 39142 1975 38 which which WDT 39142 1975 39 the the DT 39142 1975 40 earth earth NN 39142 1975 41 's 's POS 39142 1975 42 axis axis NN 39142 1975 43 is be VBZ 39142 1975 44 tilted tilt VBN 39142 1975 45 . . . 39142 1976 1 So so CC 39142 1976 2 there there EX 39142 1976 3 is be VBZ 39142 1976 4 the the DT 39142 1976 5 immediate immediate JJ 39142 1976 6 inference inference NN 39142 1976 7 that that IN 39142 1976 8 on on IN 39142 1976 9 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1976 10 the the DT 39142 1976 11 order order NN 39142 1976 12 and and CC 39142 1976 13 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 1976 14 the the DT 39142 1976 15 character character NN 39142 1976 16 of of IN 39142 1976 17 the the DT 39142 1976 18 seasons season NNS 39142 1976 19 is be VBZ 39142 1976 20 much much RB 39142 1976 21 the the DT 39142 1976 22 same same JJ 39142 1976 23 as as IN 39142 1976 24 here here RB 39142 1976 25 on on IN 39142 1976 26 the the DT 39142 1976 27 earth earth NN 39142 1976 28 . . . 39142 1977 1 At at RB 39142 1977 2 least least RBS 39142 1977 3 two two CD 39142 1977 4 things thing NNS 39142 1977 5 , , , 39142 1977 6 however however RB 39142 1977 7 , , , 39142 1977 8 tend tend VBP 39142 1977 9 to to TO 39142 1977 10 modify modify VB 39142 1977 11 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1977 12 . . . 39142 1978 1 First first RB 39142 1978 2 , , , 39142 1978 3 the the DT 39142 1978 4 year year NN 39142 1978 5 of of IN 39142 1978 6 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1978 7 is be VBZ 39142 1978 8 not not RB 39142 1978 9 365 365 CD 39142 1978 10 days day NNS 39142 1978 11 like like IN 39142 1978 12 ours -PRON- PRP 39142 1978 13 , , , 39142 1978 14 but but CC 39142 1978 15 687 687 CD 39142 1978 16 days day NNS 39142 1978 17 . . . 39142 1979 1 Each each DT 39142 1979 2 of of IN 39142 1979 3 the the DT 39142 1979 4 four four CD 39142 1979 5 seasons season NNS 39142 1979 6 on on IN 39142 1979 7 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1979 8 , , , 39142 1979 9 therefore therefore RB 39142 1979 10 , , , 39142 1979 11 is be VBZ 39142 1979 12 proportionally proportionally RB 39142 1979 13 longer long JJR 39142 1979 14 than than IN 39142 1979 15 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1979 16 seasons season NNS 39142 1979 17 are be VBP 39142 1979 18 . . . 39142 1980 1 Then then RB 39142 1980 2 comes come VBZ 39142 1980 3 the the DT 39142 1980 4 question question NN 39142 1980 5 of of IN 39142 1980 6 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1980 7 -- -- : 39142 1980 8 how how WRB 39142 1980 9 much much JJ 39142 1980 10 of of IN 39142 1980 11 an an DT 39142 1980 12 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1980 13 does do VBZ 39142 1980 14 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1980 15 really really RB 39142 1980 16 possess possess VB 39142 1980 17 in in IN 39142 1980 18 proportion proportion NN 39142 1980 19 to to IN 39142 1980 20 ours -PRON- PRP 39142 1980 21 , , , 39142 1980 22 and and CC 39142 1980 23 how how WRB 39142 1980 24 would would MD 39142 1980 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1980 26 lesser less JJR 39142 1980 27 amount amount NN 39142 1980 28 modify modify VB 39142 1980 29 the the DT 39142 1980 30 blending blending NN 39142 1980 31 of of IN 39142 1980 32 the the DT 39142 1980 33 seasons season NNS 39142 1980 34 into into IN 39142 1980 35 one one CD 39142 1980 36 another another DT 39142 1980 37 ? ? . 39142 1981 1 All all DT 39142 1981 2 discussion discussion NN 39142 1981 3 of of IN 39142 1981 4 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1981 5 and and CC 39142 1981 6 the the DT 39142 1981 7 problems problem NNS 39142 1981 8 of of IN 39142 1981 9 existence existence NN 39142 1981 10 of of IN 39142 1981 11 life life NN 39142 1981 12 upon upon IN 39142 1981 13 that that DT 39142 1981 14 planet planet NN 39142 1981 15 hinge hinge NN 39142 1981 16 upon upon IN 39142 1981 17 the the DT 39142 1981 18 character character NN 39142 1981 19 and and CC 39142 1981 20 extent extent NN 39142 1981 21 of of IN 39142 1981 22 Martian martian JJ 39142 1981 23 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1981 24 . . . 39142 1982 1 The the DT 39142 1982 2 planet planet NN 39142 1982 3 seems seem VBZ 39142 1982 4 never never RB 39142 1982 5 to to TO 39142 1982 6 be be VB 39142 1982 7 covered cover VBN 39142 1982 8 , , , 39142 1982 9 as as IN 39142 1982 10 the the DT 39142 1982 11 earth earth NN 39142 1982 12 usually usually RB 39142 1982 13 is be VBZ 39142 1982 14 , , , 39142 1982 15 with with IN 39142 1982 16 extensive extensive JJ 39142 1982 17 areas area NNS 39142 1982 18 of of IN 39142 1982 19 cloud cloud NN 39142 1982 20 which which WDT 39142 1982 21 to to IN 39142 1982 22 an an DT 39142 1982 23 observer observer NN 39142 1982 24 in in IN 39142 1982 25 space space NN 39142 1982 26 would would MD 39142 1982 27 completely completely RB 39142 1982 28 mask mask VB 39142 1982 29 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1982 30 oceans ocean NNS 39142 1982 31 and and CC 39142 1982 32 continents continent NNS 39142 1982 33 . . . 39142 1983 1 Nearly nearly RB 39142 1983 2 all all PDT 39142 1983 3 the the DT 39142 1983 4 time time NN 39142 1983 5 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1983 6 in in IN 39142 1983 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1983 8 equatorial equatorial JJ 39142 1983 9 and and CC 39142 1983 10 temperate temperate NN 39142 1983 11 zones zone NNS 39142 1983 12 is be VBZ 39142 1983 13 quite quite RB 39142 1983 14 clear clear JJ 39142 1983 15 of of IN 39142 1983 16 clouds cloud NNS 39142 1983 17 . . . 39142 1984 1 A a DT 39142 1984 2 few few JJ 39142 1984 3 whitish whitish JJ 39142 1984 4 spots spot NNS 39142 1984 5 are be VBP 39142 1984 6 occasionally occasionally RB 39142 1984 7 seen see VBN 39142 1984 8 to to TO 39142 1984 9 change change VB 39142 1984 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1984 11 form form NN 39142 1984 12 and and CC 39142 1984 13 position position NN 39142 1984 14 in in IN 39142 1984 15 both both CC 39142 1984 16 northern northern JJ 39142 1984 17 and and CC 39142 1984 18 southern southern JJ 39142 1984 19 latitudes latitude NNS 39142 1984 20 , , , 39142 1984 21 and and CC 39142 1984 22 they -PRON- PRP 39142 1984 23 vary vary VBP 39142 1984 24 with with IN 39142 1984 25 the the DT 39142 1984 26 progress progress NN 39142 1984 27 of of IN 39142 1984 28 the the DT 39142 1984 29 day day NN 39142 1984 30 on on IN 39142 1984 31 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1984 32 , , , 39142 1984 33 as as IN 39142 1984 34 clouds cloud NNS 39142 1984 35 naturally naturally RB 39142 1984 36 would would MD 39142 1984 37 . . . 39142 1985 1 But but CC 39142 1985 2 Schiaparelli Schiaparelli NNP 39142 1985 3 , , , 39142 1985 4 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 1985 5 the the DT 39142 1985 6 best good JJS 39142 1985 7 of of IN 39142 1985 8 all all DT 39142 1985 9 observers observer NNS 39142 1985 10 , , , 39142 1985 11 thought think VBD 39142 1985 12 them -PRON- PRP 39142 1985 13 to to TO 39142 1985 14 be be VB 39142 1985 15 not not RB 39142 1985 16 low low RB 39142 1985 17 - - HYPH 39142 1985 18 lying lie VBG 39142 1985 19 clouds cloud NNS 39142 1985 20 of of IN 39142 1985 21 the the DT 39142 1985 22 nimbus nimbus NN 39142 1985 23 type type NN 39142 1985 24 that that WDT 39142 1985 25 would would MD 39142 1985 26 produce produce VB 39142 1985 27 rains rain NNS 39142 1985 28 , , , 39142 1985 29 but but CC 39142 1985 30 rather rather RB 39142 1985 31 a a DT 39142 1985 32 veil veil NN 39142 1985 33 of of IN 39142 1985 34 fog fog NN 39142 1985 35 , , , 39142 1985 36 or or CC 39142 1985 37 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 1985 38 a a DT 39142 1985 39 temporary temporary JJ 39142 1985 40 condensation condensation NN 39142 1985 41 of of IN 39142 1985 42 vapor vapor NN 39142 1985 43 , , , 39142 1985 44 as as IN 39142 1985 45 dew dew NN 39142 1985 46 or or CC 39142 1985 47 hoar hoar VB 39142 1985 48 frost frost NN 39142 1985 49 . . . 39142 1986 1 But but CC 39142 1986 2 the the DT 39142 1986 3 strongest strong JJS 39142 1986 4 argument argument NN 39142 1986 5 for for IN 39142 1986 6 an an DT 39142 1986 7 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1986 8 is be VBZ 39142 1986 9 based base VBN 39142 1986 10 on on IN 39142 1986 11 the the DT 39142 1986 12 temporary temporary JJ 39142 1986 13 darkening darkening NN 39142 1986 14 or or CC 39142 1986 15 obscuration obscuration NN 39142 1986 16 of of IN 39142 1986 17 well well RB 39142 1986 18 known known JJ 39142 1986 19 and and CC 39142 1986 20 permanent permanent JJ 39142 1986 21 markings marking NNS 39142 1986 22 on on IN 39142 1986 23 the the DT 39142 1986 24 surface surface NN 39142 1986 25 of of IN 39142 1986 26 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1986 27 . . . 39142 1987 1 These these DT 39142 1987 2 are be VBP 39142 1987 3 more more RBR 39142 1987 4 or or CC 39142 1987 5 less less RBR 39142 1987 6 frequently frequently RB 39142 1987 7 observed observe VBN 39142 1987 8 and and CC 39142 1987 9 clouds cloud NNS 39142 1987 10 afford afford VBP 39142 1987 11 the the DT 39142 1987 12 best good JJS 39142 1987 13 explanation explanation NN 39142 1987 14 of of IN 39142 1987 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1987 16 occurrence occurrence NN 39142 1987 17 . . . 39142 1988 1 So so RB 39142 1988 2 much much JJ 39142 1988 3 for for IN 39142 1988 4 evidence evidence NN 39142 1988 5 supplied supply VBN 39142 1988 6 by by IN 39142 1988 7 the the DT 39142 1988 8 telescope telescope NN 39142 1988 9 alone alone RB 39142 1988 10 . . . 39142 1989 1 When when WRB 39142 1989 2 , , , 39142 1989 3 however however RB 39142 1989 4 , , , 39142 1989 5 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1989 6 employ employ VBP 39142 1989 7 the the DT 39142 1989 8 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 1989 9 in in IN 39142 1989 10 conjunction conjunction NN 39142 1989 11 with with IN 39142 1989 12 the the DT 39142 1989 13 telescope telescope NN 39142 1989 14 , , , 39142 1989 15 another another DT 39142 1989 16 sort sort NN 39142 1989 17 of of IN 39142 1989 18 evidence evidence NN 39142 1989 19 is be VBZ 39142 1989 20 at at IN 39142 1989 21 hand hand NN 39142 1989 22 . . . 39142 1990 1 Several several JJ 39142 1990 2 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1990 3 have have VBP 39142 1990 4 reached reach VBN 39142 1990 5 the the DT 39142 1990 6 conclusion conclusion NN 39142 1990 7 that that IN 39142 1990 8 watery watery JJ 39142 1990 9 vapor vapor NN 39142 1990 10 exists exist VBZ 39142 1990 11 in in IN 39142 1990 12 the the DT 39142 1990 13 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1990 14 of of IN 39142 1990 15 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1990 16 , , , 39142 1990 17 while while IN 39142 1990 18 other other JJ 39142 1990 19 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 1990 20 equipped equip VBN 39142 1990 21 with with IN 39142 1990 22 equal equal JJ 39142 1990 23 or or CC 39142 1990 24 superior superior JJ 39142 1990 25 apparatus apparatus NN 39142 1990 26 , , , 39142 1990 27 and and CC 39142 1990 28 under under IN 39142 1990 29 equally equally RB 39142 1990 30 favorable favorable JJ 39142 1990 31 or or CC 39142 1990 32 even even RB 39142 1990 33 better well JJR 39142 1990 34 conditions condition NNS 39142 1990 35 , , , 39142 1990 36 have have VBP 39142 1990 37 reached reach VBN 39142 1990 38 the the DT 39142 1990 39 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 1990 40 conclusion conclusion NN 39142 1990 41 that that IN 39142 1990 42 the the DT 39142 1990 43 spectra spectra NN 39142 1990 44 of of IN 39142 1990 45 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1990 46 and and CC 39142 1990 47 the the DT 39142 1990 48 moon moon NN 39142 1990 49 are be VBP 39142 1990 50 identical identical JJ 39142 1990 51 in in IN 39142 1990 52 every every DT 39142 1990 53 particular particular NN 39142 1990 54 . . . 39142 1991 1 From from IN 39142 1991 2 this this DT 39142 1991 3 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1991 4 should should MD 39142 1991 5 be be VB 39142 1991 6 led lead VBN 39142 1991 7 to to TO 39142 1991 8 infer infer VB 39142 1991 9 that that IN 39142 1991 10 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1991 11 has have VBZ 39142 1991 12 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 1991 13 no no DT 39142 1991 14 more more JJR 39142 1991 15 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1991 16 than than IN 39142 1991 17 the the DT 39142 1991 18 moon moon NN 39142 1991 19 has have VBZ 39142 1991 20 , , , 39142 1991 21 that that DT 39142 1991 22 is be VBZ 39142 1991 23 to to TO 39142 1991 24 say say VB 39142 1991 25 , , , 39142 1991 26 none none NN 39142 1991 27 whatever whatever WDT 39142 1991 28 that that IN 39142 1991 29 present present JJ 39142 1991 30 instruments instrument NNS 39142 1991 31 and and CC 39142 1991 32 methods method NNS 39142 1991 33 of of IN 39142 1991 34 investigation investigation NN 39142 1991 35 have have VBP 39142 1991 36 enabled enable VBN 39142 1991 37 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1991 38 to to TO 39142 1991 39 detect detect VB 39142 1991 40 . . . 39142 1992 1 What what WP 39142 1992 2 then then RB 39142 1992 3 , , , 39142 1992 4 shall shall MD 39142 1992 5 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1992 6 conclude conclude VB 39142 1992 7 ? ? . 39142 1993 1 Simply simply RB 39142 1993 2 that that IN 39142 1993 3 the the DT 39142 1993 4 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1993 5 of of IN 39142 1993 6 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1993 7 is be VBZ 39142 1993 8 neither neither CC 39142 1993 9 very very RB 39142 1993 10 dense dense JJ 39142 1993 11 nor nor CC 39142 1993 12 extensive extensive JJ 39142 1993 13 . . . 39142 1994 1 Probably probably RB 39142 1994 2 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1994 3 lower low JJR 39142 1994 4 strata strata NN 39142 1994 5 close close RB 39142 1994 6 to to IN 39142 1994 7 the the DT 39142 1994 8 planet planet NN 39142 1994 9 's 's POS 39142 1994 10 surface surface NN 39142 1994 11 are be VBP 39142 1994 12 about about RB 39142 1994 13 as as RB 39142 1994 14 dense dense JJ 39142 1994 15 as as IN 39142 1994 16 the the DT 39142 1994 17 earth earth NN 39142 1994 18 's 's POS 39142 1994 19 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1994 20 is be VBZ 39142 1994 21 at at IN 39142 1994 22 the the DT 39142 1994 23 summits summit NNS 39142 1994 24 of of IN 39142 1994 25 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1994 26 highest high JJS 39142 1994 27 mountains mountain NNS 39142 1994 28 . . . 39142 1995 1 This this DT 39142 1995 2 conclusion conclusion NN 39142 1995 3 is be VBZ 39142 1995 4 not not RB 39142 1995 5 unwelcome unwelcome JJ 39142 1995 6 , , , 39142 1995 7 if if IN 39142 1995 8 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1995 9 keep keep VBP 39142 1995 10 a a DT 39142 1995 11 few few JJ 39142 1995 12 fundamental fundamental JJ 39142 1995 13 facts fact NNS 39142 1995 14 in in IN 39142 1995 15 clear clear JJ 39142 1995 16 and and CC 39142 1995 17 constant constant JJ 39142 1995 18 view view NN 39142 1995 19 . . . 39142 1996 1 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1996 2 is be VBZ 39142 1996 3 a a DT 39142 1996 4 planet planet NN 39142 1996 5 of of IN 39142 1996 6 intermediate intermediate JJ 39142 1996 7 size size NN 39142 1996 8 between between IN 39142 1996 9 the the DT 39142 1996 10 earth earth NN 39142 1996 11 and and CC 39142 1996 12 the the DT 39142 1996 13 moon moon NN 39142 1996 14 : : : 39142 1996 15 twice twice PDT 39142 1996 16 the the DT 39142 1996 17 moon moon NN 39142 1996 18 's 's POS 39142 1996 19 diameter diameter NN 39142 1996 20 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1996 21 2,160 2,160 CD 39142 1996 22 miles mile NNS 39142 1996 23 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1996 24 very very RB 39142 1996 25 nearly nearly RB 39142 1996 26 equals equal VBZ 39142 1996 27 the the DT 39142 1996 28 diameter diameter NN 39142 1996 29 of of IN 39142 1996 30 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1996 31 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1996 32 4,200 4,200 CD 39142 1996 33 miles mile NNS 39142 1996 34 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1996 35 , , , 39142 1996 36 and and CC 39142 1996 37 twice twice PDT 39142 1996 38 the the DT 39142 1996 39 diameter diameter NN 39142 1996 40 of of IN 39142 1996 41 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1996 42 does do VBZ 39142 1996 43 not not RB 39142 1996 44 greatly greatly RB 39142 1996 45 exceed exceed VB 39142 1996 46 the the DT 39142 1996 47 earth earth NN 39142 1996 48 's 's POS 39142 1996 49 diameter diameter NN 39142 1996 50 ( ( -LRB- 39142 1996 51 7,920 7,920 CD 39142 1996 52 miles mile NNS 39142 1996 53 ) ) -RRB- 39142 1996 54 . . . 39142 1997 1 As as IN 39142 1997 2 to to IN 39142 1997 3 the the DT 39142 1997 4 weights weight NNS 39142 1997 5 or or CC 39142 1997 6 masses masse NNS 39142 1997 7 of of IN 39142 1997 8 these these DT 39142 1997 9 bodies body NNS 39142 1997 10 , , , 39142 1997 11 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1997 12 is be VBZ 39142 1997 13 about about RB 39142 1997 14 one one CD 39142 1997 15 - - HYPH 39142 1997 16 ninth ninth JJ 39142 1997 17 , , , 39142 1997 18 and and CC 39142 1997 19 the the DT 39142 1997 20 moon moon NNP 39142 1997 21 one one CD 39142 1997 22 - - HYPH 39142 1997 23 eightieth eightieth NNS 39142 1997 24 of of IN 39142 1997 25 the the DT 39142 1997 26 earth earth NN 39142 1997 27 . . . 39142 1998 1 The the DT 39142 1998 2 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 39142 1998 3 envelope envelope NN 39142 1998 4 of of IN 39142 1998 5 the the DT 39142 1998 6 earth earth NN 39142 1998 7 is be VBZ 39142 1998 8 abundant abundant JJ 39142 1998 9 , , , 39142 1998 10 the the DT 39142 1998 11 moon moon NN 39142 1998 12 has have VBZ 39142 1998 13 none none NN 39142 1998 14 as as RB 39142 1998 15 far far RB 39142 1998 16 as as IN 39142 1998 17 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1998 18 can can MD 39142 1998 19 ascertain ascertain VB 39142 1998 20 ; ; : 39142 1998 21 so so CC 39142 1998 22 it -PRON- PRP 39142 1998 23 seems seem VBZ 39142 1998 24 safe safe JJ 39142 1998 25 to to TO 39142 1998 26 infer infer VB 39142 1998 27 that that IN 39142 1998 28 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1998 29 has have VBZ 39142 1998 30 an an DT 39142 1998 31 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1998 32 of of IN 39142 1998 33 slight slight JJ 39142 1998 34 density density NN 39142 1998 35 : : : 39142 1998 36 not not RB 39142 1998 37 dense dense JJ 39142 1998 38 enough enough RB 39142 1998 39 to to TO 39142 1998 40 be be VB 39142 1998 41 detected detect VBN 39142 1998 42 by by IN 39142 1998 43 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 1998 44 methods method NNS 39142 1998 45 , , , 39142 1998 46 but but CC 39142 1998 47 yet yet RB 39142 1998 48 dense dense JJ 39142 1998 49 enough enough RB 39142 1998 50 to to TO 39142 1998 51 enable enable VB 39142 1998 52 us -PRON- PRP 39142 1998 53 to to TO 39142 1998 54 explain explain VB 39142 1998 55 the the DT 39142 1998 56 varying vary VBG 39142 1998 57 telescopic telescopic JJ 39142 1998 58 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 1998 59 of of IN 39142 1998 60 the the DT 39142 1998 61 planet planet NN 39142 1998 62 's 's POS 39142 1998 63 disk disk NN 39142 1998 64 which which WDT 39142 1998 65 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1998 66 should should MD 39142 1998 67 not not RB 39142 1998 68 know know VB 39142 1998 69 how how WRB 39142 1998 70 to to TO 39142 1998 71 account account VB 39142 1998 72 for for IN 39142 1998 73 , , , 39142 1998 74 if if IN 39142 1998 75 there there EX 39142 1998 76 were be VBD 39142 1998 77 no no DT 39142 1998 78 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1998 79 whatever whatever WDT 39142 1998 80 . . . 39142 1999 1 One one CD 39142 1999 2 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 1999 3 has have VBZ 39142 1999 4 , , , 39142 1999 5 indeed indeed RB 39142 1999 6 , , , 39142 1999 7 gone go VBN 39142 1999 8 so so RB 39142 1999 9 far far RB 39142 1999 10 as as IN 39142 1999 11 to to TO 39142 1999 12 calculate calculate VB 39142 1999 13 that that IN 39142 1999 14 in in IN 39142 1999 15 comparison comparison NN 39142 1999 16 with with IN 39142 1999 17 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 1999 18 planet planet NN 39142 1999 19 Mars Mars NNP 39142 1999 20 is be VBZ 39142 1999 21 entitled entitle VBN 39142 1999 22 to to IN 39142 1999 23 one one CD 39142 1999 24 - - HYPH 39142 1999 25 twentieth twentieth NN 39142 1999 26 as as RB 39142 1999 27 much much JJ 39142 1999 28 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 1999 29 as as IN 39142 1999 30 we -PRON- PRP 39142 1999 31 have have VBP 39142 1999 32 , , , 39142 1999 33 and and CC 39142 1999 34 that that IN 39142 1999 35 the the DT 39142 1999 36 mercurial mercurial JJ 39142 1999 37 barometer barometer NN 39142 1999 38 at at IN 39142 1999 39 " " `` 39142 1999 40 sea sea NN 39142 1999 41 level level NN 39142 1999 42 " " '' 39142 1999 43 would would MD 39142 1999 44 run run VB 39142 1999 45 about about RB 39142 1999 46 five five CD 39142 1999 47 and and CC 39142 1999 48 a a DT 39142 1999 49 half half NN 39142 1999 50 inches inch NNS 39142 1999 51 , , , 39142 1999 52 as as IN 39142 1999 53 against against IN 39142 1999 54 thirty thirty CD 39142 1999 55 inches inch NNS 39142 1999 56 on on IN 39142 1999 57 the the DT 39142 1999 58 earth earth NN 39142 1999 59 . . . 39142 2000 1 In in IN 39142 2000 2 general general JJ 39142 2000 3 , , , 39142 2000 4 then then RB 39142 2000 5 , , , 39142 2000 6 the the DT 39142 2000 7 climate climate NN 39142 2000 8 of of IN 39142 2000 9 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2000 10 is be VBZ 39142 2000 11 probably probably RB 39142 2000 12 very very RB 39142 2000 13 much much RB 39142 2000 14 like like IN 39142 2000 15 that that DT 39142 2000 16 of of IN 39142 2000 17 a a DT 39142 2000 18 clear clear JJ 39142 2000 19 season season NN 39142 2000 20 on on IN 39142 2000 21 a a DT 39142 2000 22 very very RB 39142 2000 23 high high JJ 39142 2000 24 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 39142 2000 25 table table NN 39142 2000 26 land land NN 39142 2000 27 or or CC 39142 2000 28 mountain mountain NN 39142 2000 29 -- -- : 39142 2000 30 a a DT 39142 2000 31 climate climate NN 39142 2000 32 of of IN 39142 2000 33 wide wide JJ 39142 2000 34 extremes extreme NNS 39142 2000 35 , , , 39142 2000 36 with with IN 39142 2000 37 great great JJ 39142 2000 38 changes change NNS 39142 2000 39 of of IN 39142 2000 40 temperature temperature NN 39142 2000 41 from from IN 39142 2000 42 day day NN 39142 2000 43 to to IN 39142 2000 44 night night NN 39142 2000 45 . . . 39142 2001 1 The the DT 39142 2001 2 inequality inequality NN 39142 2001 3 of of IN 39142 2001 4 Martian martian JJ 39142 2001 5 seasons season NNS 39142 2001 6 is be VBZ 39142 2001 7 such such JJ 39142 2001 8 that that IN 39142 2001 9 in in IN 39142 2001 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2001 11 northern northern JJ 39142 2001 12 hemisphere hemisphere NN 39142 2001 13 the the DT 39142 2001 14 winter winter NN 39142 2001 15 lasts last VBZ 39142 2001 16 381 381 CD 39142 2001 17 days day NNS 39142 2001 18 and and CC 39142 2001 19 the the DT 39142 2001 20 summer summer NN 39142 2001 21 only only RB 39142 2001 22 306 306 CD 39142 2001 23 days day NNS 39142 2001 24 . . . 39142 2002 1 Now now RB 39142 2002 2 , , , 39142 2002 3 the the DT 39142 2002 4 polar polar JJ 39142 2002 5 caps cap NNS 39142 2002 6 of of IN 39142 2002 7 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2002 8 , , , 39142 2002 9 which which WDT 39142 2002 10 are be VBP 39142 2002 11 reasonably reasonably RB 39142 2002 12 assumed assume VBN 39142 2002 13 to to TO 39142 2002 14 be be VB 39142 2002 15 due due JJ 39142 2002 16 to to IN 39142 2002 17 snow snow NN 39142 2002 18 or or CC 39142 2002 19 hoar hoar VB 39142 2002 20 frost frost NN 39142 2002 21 , , , 39142 2002 22 attain attain VB 39142 2002 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2002 24 maximum maximum JJ 39142 2002 25 three three CD 39142 2002 26 or or CC 39142 2002 27 four four CD 39142 2002 28 months month NNS 39142 2002 29 after after IN 39142 2002 30 the the DT 39142 2002 31 winter winter NN 39142 2002 32 solstice solstice NN 39142 2002 33 , , , 39142 2002 34 and and CC 39142 2002 35 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2002 36 minimum minimum NN 39142 2002 37 about about IN 39142 2002 38 the the DT 39142 2002 39 same same JJ 39142 2002 40 length length NN 39142 2002 41 of of IN 39142 2002 42 time time NN 39142 2002 43 after after IN 39142 2002 44 the the DT 39142 2002 45 summer summer NN 39142 2002 46 solstice solstice NN 39142 2002 47 . . . 39142 2003 1 This this DT 39142 2003 2 lagging lagging NN 39142 2003 3 should should MD 39142 2003 4 be be VB 39142 2003 5 interpreted interpret VBN 39142 2003 6 as as IN 39142 2003 7 an an DT 39142 2003 8 argument argument NN 39142 2003 9 for for IN 39142 2003 10 a a DT 39142 2003 11 Martian martian JJ 39142 2003 12 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2003 13 with with IN 39142 2003 14 heat heat NN 39142 2003 15 - - HYPH 39142 2003 16 storing store VBG 39142 2003 17 qualities quality NNS 39142 2003 18 , , , 39142 2003 19 similar similar JJ 39142 2003 20 to to IN 39142 2003 21 that that DT 39142 2003 22 possessed possess VBN 39142 2003 23 by by IN 39142 2003 24 the the DT 39142 2003 25 earth earth NN 39142 2003 26 . . . 39142 2004 1 Upon upon IN 39142 2004 2 this this DT 39142 2004 3 characteristic characteristic NN 39142 2004 4 , , , 39142 2004 5 indeed indeed RB 39142 2004 6 , , , 39142 2004 7 depends depend VBZ 39142 2004 8 the the DT 39142 2004 9 climate climate NN 39142 2004 10 at at IN 39142 2004 11 the the DT 39142 2004 12 surface surface NN 39142 2004 13 of of IN 39142 2004 14 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2004 15 : : : 39142 2004 16 whether whether IN 39142 2004 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2004 18 is be VBZ 39142 2004 19 at at RB 39142 2004 20 all all RB 39142 2004 21 similar similar JJ 39142 2004 22 to to IN 39142 2004 23 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2004 24 own own JJ 39142 2004 25 , , , 39142 2004 26 and and CC 39142 2004 27 whether whether IN 39142 2004 28 fluid fluid JJ 39142 2004 29 water water NN 39142 2004 30 is be VBZ 39142 2004 31 a a DT 39142 2004 32 possibility possibility NN 39142 2004 33 on on IN 39142 2004 34 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2004 35 or or CC 39142 2004 36 not not RB 39142 2004 37 . . . 39142 2005 1 While while IN 39142 2005 2 the the DT 39142 2005 3 cosmic cosmic JJ 39142 2005 4 relations relation NNS 39142 2005 5 of of IN 39142 2005 6 the the DT 39142 2005 7 planet planet NN 39142 2005 8 in in IN 39142 2005 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2005 10 orbit orbit NN 39142 2005 11 are be VBP 39142 2005 12 quite quite PDT 39142 2005 13 the the DT 39142 2005 14 same same JJ 39142 2005 15 as as IN 39142 2005 16 ours our NNS 39142 2005 17 , , , 39142 2005 18 nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 2005 19 the the DT 39142 2005 20 greater great JJR 39142 2005 21 distance distance NN 39142 2005 22 of of IN 39142 2005 23 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2005 24 diminishes diminish VBZ 39142 2005 25 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2005 26 supply supply NN 39142 2005 27 of of IN 39142 2005 28 direct direct JJ 39142 2005 29 solar solar JJ 39142 2005 30 heat heat NN 39142 2005 31 to to IN 39142 2005 32 about about IN 39142 2005 33 half half NN 39142 2005 34 what what WP 39142 2005 35 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2005 36 receive receive VBP 39142 2005 37 . . . 39142 2006 1 On on IN 39142 2006 2 the the DT 39142 2006 3 other other JJ 39142 2006 4 hand hand NN 39142 2006 5 , , , 39142 2006 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2006 7 distance distance NN 39142 2006 8 from from IN 39142 2006 9 the the DT 39142 2006 10 sun sun NN 39142 2006 11 during during IN 39142 2006 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2006 13 year year NN 39142 2006 14 of of IN 39142 2006 15 motion motion NN 39142 2006 16 around around IN 39142 2006 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2006 18 varies vary VBZ 39142 2006 19 much much RB 39142 2006 20 more more RBR 39142 2006 21 widely widely RB 39142 2006 22 than than IN 39142 2006 23 ours -PRON- PRP 39142 2006 24 , , , 39142 2006 25 so so IN 39142 2006 26 that that IN 39142 2006 27 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2006 28 receives receive VBZ 39142 2006 29 when when WRB 39142 2006 30 nearest near JJS 39142 2006 31 the the DT 39142 2006 32 sun sun NN 39142 2006 33 about about RB 39142 2006 34 one one CD 39142 2006 35 - - HYPH 39142 2006 36 half half NN 39142 2006 37 more more JJR 39142 2006 38 of of IN 39142 2006 39 solar solar JJ 39142 2006 40 heat heat NN 39142 2006 41 than than IN 39142 2006 42 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2006 43 does do VBZ 39142 2006 44 when when WRB 39142 2006 45 farthest farthest VB 39142 2006 46 away away RB 39142 2006 47 . . . 39142 2007 1 Southern southern JJ 39142 2007 2 summers summer NNS 39142 2007 3 on on IN 39142 2007 4 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2007 5 , , , 39142 2007 6 therefore therefore RB 39142 2007 7 , , , 39142 2007 8 must must MD 39142 2007 9 be be VB 39142 2007 10 much much RB 39142 2007 11 hotter hot JJR 39142 2007 12 , , , 39142 2007 13 and and CC 39142 2007 14 southern southern JJ 39142 2007 15 winters winter NNS 39142 2007 16 colder colder RBR 39142 2007 17 than than IN 39142 2007 18 the the DT 39142 2007 19 corresponding correspond VBG 39142 2007 20 seasons season NNS 39142 2007 21 of of IN 39142 2007 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2007 23 northern northern JJ 39142 2007 24 hemisphere hemisphere NN 39142 2007 25 . . . 39142 2008 1 Indeed indeed RB 39142 2008 2 , , , 39142 2008 3 the the DT 39142 2008 4 length length NN 39142 2008 5 of of IN 39142 2008 6 the the DT 39142 2008 7 southern southern JJ 39142 2008 8 summer summer NN 39142 2008 9 , , , 39142 2008 10 nearly nearly RB 39142 2008 11 twice twice PDT 39142 2008 12 that that DT 39142 2008 13 of of IN 39142 2008 14 the the DT 39142 2008 15 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 39142 2008 16 season season NN 39142 2008 17 , , , 39142 2008 18 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 2008 19 amply amply RB 39142 2008 20 suffices suffice VBZ 39142 2008 21 to to TO 39142 2008 22 melt melt VB 39142 2008 23 all all PDT 39142 2008 24 the the DT 39142 2008 25 polar polar JJ 39142 2008 26 ice ice NN 39142 2008 27 and and CC 39142 2008 28 snow snow NN 39142 2008 29 , , , 39142 2008 30 as as IN 39142 2008 31 in in IN 39142 2008 32 October October NNP 39142 2008 33 , , , 39142 2008 34 1894 1894 CD 39142 2008 35 , , , 39142 2008 36 when when WRB 39142 2008 37 the the DT 39142 2008 38 southern southern JJ 39142 2008 39 polar polar JJ 39142 2008 40 cap cap NN 39142 2008 41 of of IN 39142 2008 42 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2008 43 dwindled dwindle VBD 39142 2008 44 rapidly rapidly RB 39142 2008 45 and and CC 39142 2008 46 finally finally RB 39142 2008 47 vanished vanish VBN 39142 2008 48 completely completely RB 39142 2008 49 . . . 39142 2009 1 Very very RB 39142 2009 2 interesting interesting JJ 39142 2009 3 in in IN 39142 2009 4 this this DT 39142 2009 5 connection connection NN 39142 2009 6 are be VBP 39142 2009 7 the the DT 39142 2009 8 researches research NNS 39142 2009 9 of of IN 39142 2009 10 Stoney Stoney NNP 39142 2009 11 on on IN 39142 2009 12 the the DT 39142 2009 13 general general JJ 39142 2009 14 conditions condition NNS 39142 2009 15 affecting affect VBG 39142 2009 16 planetary planetary JJ 39142 2009 17 atmospheres atmosphere NNS 39142 2009 18 and and CC 39142 2009 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2009 20 composition composition NN 39142 2009 21 . . . 39142 2010 1 According accord VBG 39142 2010 2 to to IN 39142 2010 3 the the DT 39142 2010 4 kinetic kinetic JJ 39142 2010 5 theory theory NN 39142 2010 6 , , , 39142 2010 7 if if IN 39142 2010 8 the the DT 39142 2010 9 molecules molecule NNS 39142 2010 10 of of IN 39142 2010 11 gases gas NNS 39142 2010 12 which which WDT 39142 2010 13 are be VBP 39142 2010 14 continually continually RB 39142 2010 15 in in IN 39142 2010 16 motion motion NN 39142 2010 17 travel travel NN 39142 2010 18 outward outward RB 39142 2010 19 from from IN 39142 2010 20 the the DT 39142 2010 21 center center NN 39142 2010 22 of of IN 39142 2010 23 a a DT 39142 2010 24 planet planet NN 39142 2010 25 , , , 39142 2010 26 as as IN 39142 2010 27 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2010 28 frequently frequently RB 39142 2010 29 must must MD 39142 2010 30 , , , 39142 2010 31 and and CC 39142 2010 32 with with IN 39142 2010 33 velocities velocity NNS 39142 2010 34 surpassing surpass VBG 39142 2010 35 the the DT 39142 2010 36 limit limit NN 39142 2010 37 that that IN 39142 2010 38 a a DT 39142 2010 39 planet planet NN 39142 2010 40 's 's POS 39142 2010 41 gravity gravity NN 39142 2010 42 is be VBZ 39142 2010 43 capable capable JJ 39142 2010 44 of of IN 39142 2010 45 controlling control VBG 39142 2010 46 , , , 39142 2010 47 these these DT 39142 2010 48 molecules molecule NNS 39142 2010 49 will will MD 39142 2010 50 effect effect VB 39142 2010 51 a a DT 39142 2010 52 permanent permanent JJ 39142 2010 53 escape escape NN 39142 2010 54 from from IN 39142 2010 55 the the DT 39142 2010 56 planet planet NN 39142 2010 57 , , , 39142 2010 58 and and CC 39142 2010 59 travel travel VB 39142 2010 60 through through IN 39142 2010 61 space space NN 39142 2010 62 in in IN 39142 2010 63 orbits orbit NNS 39142 2010 64 of of IN 39142 2010 65 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2010 66 own own JJ 39142 2010 67 . . . 39142 2011 1 So so RB 39142 2011 2 the the DT 39142 2011 3 moon moon NN 39142 2011 4 is be VBZ 39142 2011 5 wholly wholly RB 39142 2011 6 without without IN 39142 2011 7 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2011 8 because because IN 39142 2011 9 the the DT 39142 2011 10 moon moon NN 39142 2011 11 's 's POS 39142 2011 12 gravity gravity NN 39142 2011 13 is be VBZ 39142 2011 14 not not RB 39142 2011 15 powerful powerful JJ 39142 2011 16 enough enough RB 39142 2011 17 to to TO 39142 2011 18 retain retain VB 39142 2011 19 the the DT 39142 2011 20 molecules molecule NNS 39142 2011 21 of of IN 39142 2011 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2011 23 component component NN 39142 2011 24 gases gas NNS 39142 2011 25 . . . 39142 2012 1 So so RB 39142 2012 2 also also RB 39142 2012 3 the the DT 39142 2012 4 earth earth NN 39142 2012 5 's 's POS 39142 2012 6 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2012 7 contains contain VBZ 39142 2012 8 no no DT 39142 2012 9 helium helium NN 39142 2012 10 or or CC 39142 2012 11 free free JJ 39142 2012 12 hydrogen hydrogen NN 39142 2012 13 . . . 39142 2013 1 So so RB 39142 2013 2 , , , 39142 2013 3 too too RB 39142 2013 4 , , , 39142 2013 5 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2013 6 is be VBZ 39142 2013 7 possessed possess VBN 39142 2013 8 of of IN 39142 2013 9 insufficient insufficient JJ 39142 2013 10 force force NN 39142 2013 11 of of IN 39142 2013 12 gravity gravity NN 39142 2013 13 to to TO 39142 2013 14 retain retain VB 39142 2013 15 water water NN 39142 2013 16 vapor vapor NN 39142 2013 17 , , , 39142 2013 18 and and CC 39142 2013 19 the the DT 39142 2013 20 Martian martian JJ 39142 2013 21 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2013 22 may may MD 39142 2013 23 therefore therefore RB 39142 2013 24 consist consist VB 39142 2013 25 mainly mainly RB 39142 2013 26 of of IN 39142 2013 27 nitrogen nitrogen NN 39142 2013 28 , , , 39142 2013 29 argon argon NN 39142 2013 30 , , , 39142 2013 31 and and CC 39142 2013 32 carbon carbon NN 39142 2013 33 dioxide dioxide NN 39142 2013 34 . . . 39142 2014 1 As as IN 39142 2014 2 everyone everyone NN 39142 2014 3 knows know VBZ 39142 2014 4 , , , 39142 2014 5 the the DT 39142 2014 6 axis axi NNS 39142 2014 7 of of IN 39142 2014 8 the the DT 39142 2014 9 earth earth NN 39142 2014 10 if if IN 39142 2014 11 extended extend VBN 39142 2014 12 to to IN 39142 2014 13 the the DT 39142 2014 14 northern northern JJ 39142 2014 15 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 2014 16 would would MD 39142 2014 17 pass pass VB 39142 2014 18 very very RB 39142 2014 19 near near IN 39142 2014 20 the the DT 39142 2014 21 north north JJ 39142 2014 22 polar polar NNP 39142 2014 23 star star NN 39142 2014 24 , , , 39142 2014 25 which which WDT 39142 2014 26 on on IN 39142 2014 27 that that DT 39142 2014 28 account account NN 39142 2014 29 is be VBZ 39142 2014 30 known know VBN 39142 2014 31 as as IN 39142 2014 32 Polaris Polaris NNP 39142 2014 33 . . . 39142 2015 1 In in IN 39142 2015 2 a a DT 39142 2015 3 similar similar JJ 39142 2015 4 manner manner NN 39142 2015 5 the the DT 39142 2015 6 axis axi NNS 39142 2015 7 of of IN 39142 2015 8 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2015 9 pierces pierce VBZ 39142 2015 10 the the DT 39142 2015 11 northern northern JJ 39142 2015 12 heavens heaven NNS 39142 2015 13 about about IN 39142 2015 14 midway midway NN 39142 2015 15 between between IN 39142 2015 16 the the DT 39142 2015 17 two two CD 39142 2015 18 bright bright JJ 39142 2015 19 stars star NNS 39142 2015 20 Alpha Alpha NNP 39142 2015 21 Cephei Cephei NNP 39142 2015 22 and and CC 39142 2015 23 Alpha Alpha NNP 39142 2015 24 Cygni Cygni NNP 39142 2015 25 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2015 26 Deneb Deneb NNP 39142 2015 27 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2015 28 . . . 39142 2016 1 The the DT 39142 2016 2 direction direction NN 39142 2016 3 of of IN 39142 2016 4 this this DT 39142 2016 5 axis axis NN 39142 2016 6 is be VBZ 39142 2016 7 pretty pretty RB 39142 2016 8 accurately accurately RB 39142 2016 9 known know VBN 39142 2016 10 , , , 39142 2016 11 because because IN 39142 2016 12 the the DT 39142 2016 13 measurement measurement NN 39142 2016 14 of of IN 39142 2016 15 the the DT 39142 2016 16 polar polar JJ 39142 2016 17 caps cap NNS 39142 2016 18 of of IN 39142 2016 19 the the DT 39142 2016 20 planet planet NN 39142 2016 21 as as IN 39142 2016 22 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2016 23 turn turn VBP 39142 2016 24 round round RB 39142 2016 25 from from IN 39142 2016 26 night night NN 39142 2016 27 to to IN 39142 2016 28 night night NN 39142 2016 29 , , , 39142 2016 30 year year NN 39142 2016 31 in in IN 39142 2016 32 and and CC 39142 2016 33 year year NN 39142 2016 34 out out RB 39142 2016 35 , , , 39142 2016 36 has have VBZ 39142 2016 37 enabled enable VBN 39142 2016 38 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2016 39 to to TO 39142 2016 40 assign assign VB 39142 2016 41 the the DT 39142 2016 42 inclination inclination NN 39142 2016 43 of of IN 39142 2016 44 the the DT 39142 2016 45 axis axis NN 39142 2016 46 with with IN 39142 2016 47 great great JJ 39142 2016 48 precision precision NN 39142 2016 49 . . . 39142 2017 1 These these DT 39142 2017 2 caps cap NNS 39142 2017 3 are be VBP 39142 2017 4 a a DT 39142 2017 5 brilliant brilliant JJ 39142 2017 6 white white NN 39142 2017 7 , , , 39142 2017 8 and and CC 39142 2017 9 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2017 10 are be VBP 39142 2017 11 generally generally RB 39142 2017 12 supposed suppose VBN 39142 2017 13 to to TO 39142 2017 14 be be VB 39142 2017 15 snow snow NN 39142 2017 16 and and CC 39142 2017 17 ice ice NN 39142 2017 18 . . . 39142 2018 1 They -PRON- PRP 39142 2018 2 wax wax VBP 39142 2018 3 and and CC 39142 2018 4 wane wane NN 39142 2018 5 alternately alternately RB 39142 2018 6 with with IN 39142 2018 7 the the DT 39142 2018 8 seasons season NNS 39142 2018 9 on on IN 39142 2018 10 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2018 11 , , , 39142 2018 12 being be VBG 39142 2018 13 largest large JJS 39142 2018 14 at at IN 39142 2018 15 the the DT 39142 2018 16 end end NN 39142 2018 17 of of IN 39142 2018 18 the the DT 39142 2018 19 Martian martian JJ 39142 2018 20 winter winter NN 39142 2018 21 and and CC 39142 2018 22 smallest small JJS 39142 2018 23 near near IN 39142 2018 24 the the DT 39142 2018 25 end end NN 39142 2018 26 of of IN 39142 2018 27 summer summer NN 39142 2018 28 . . . 39142 2019 1 The the DT 39142 2019 2 existence existence NN 39142 2019 3 of of IN 39142 2019 4 the the DT 39142 2019 5 polar polar JJ 39142 2019 6 caps cap NNS 39142 2019 7 together together RB 39142 2019 8 with with IN 39142 2019 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2019 10 seasonal seasonal JJ 39142 2019 11 fluctuations fluctuation NNS 39142 2019 12 afford afford VBP 39142 2019 13 a a DT 39142 2019 14 most most RBS 39142 2019 15 convincing convincing JJ 39142 2019 16 argument argument NN 39142 2019 17 for for IN 39142 2019 18 the the DT 39142 2019 19 reality reality NN 39142 2019 20 of of IN 39142 2019 21 a a DT 39142 2019 22 Martian martian JJ 39142 2019 23 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2019 24 , , , 39142 2019 25 sufficiently sufficiently RB 39142 2019 26 dense dense JJ 39142 2019 27 to to TO 39142 2019 28 be be VB 39142 2019 29 capable capable JJ 39142 2019 30 of of IN 39142 2019 31 diffusing diffuse VBG 39142 2019 32 and and CC 39142 2019 33 transporting transporting NN 39142 2019 34 vapor vapor NN 39142 2019 35 . . . 39142 2020 1 The the DT 39142 2020 2 northern northern JJ 39142 2020 3 cap cap NN 39142 2020 4 is be VBZ 39142 2020 5 centered center VBN 39142 2020 6 on on IN 39142 2020 7 the the DT 39142 2020 8 pole pole NN 39142 2020 9 almost almost RB 39142 2020 10 with with IN 39142 2020 11 geometric geometric JJ 39142 2020 12 exactness exactness NN 39142 2020 13 , , , 39142 2020 14 and and CC 39142 2020 15 as as RB 39142 2020 16 far far RB 39142 2020 17 as as IN 39142 2020 18 the the DT 39142 2020 19 85th 85th JJ 39142 2020 20 parallel parallel NN 39142 2020 21 of of IN 39142 2020 22 latitude latitude NN 39142 2020 23 . . . 39142 2021 1 On on IN 39142 2021 2 the the DT 39142 2021 3 other other JJ 39142 2021 4 hand hand NN 39142 2021 5 , , , 39142 2021 6 the the DT 39142 2021 7 south south JJ 39142 2021 8 polar polar JJ 39142 2021 9 cap cap NN 39142 2021 10 is be VBZ 39142 2021 11 centered center VBN 39142 2021 12 about about RB 39142 2021 13 200 200 CD 39142 2021 14 miles mile NNS 39142 2021 15 from from IN 39142 2021 16 the the DT 39142 2021 17 true true JJ 39142 2021 18 pole pole NN 39142 2021 19 , , , 39142 2021 20 and and CC 39142 2021 21 this this DT 39142 2021 22 distance distance NN 39142 2021 23 has have VBZ 39142 2021 24 been be VBN 39142 2021 25 observed observe VBN 39142 2021 26 to to TO 39142 2021 27 vary vary VB 39142 2021 28 from from IN 39142 2021 29 one one CD 39142 2021 30 season season NN 39142 2021 31 to to IN 39142 2021 32 another another DT 39142 2021 33 . . . 39142 2022 1 No no DT 39142 2022 2 suggestion suggestion NN 39142 2022 3 has have VBZ 39142 2022 4 been be VBN 39142 2022 5 made make VBN 39142 2022 6 to to TO 39142 2022 7 account account VB 39142 2022 8 for for IN 39142 2022 9 this this DT 39142 2022 10 singular singular JJ 39142 2022 11 variation variation NN 39142 2022 12 . . . 39142 2023 1 On on IN 39142 2023 2 one one CD 39142 2023 3 occasion occasion NN 39142 2023 4 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2023 5 stretched stretch VBD 39142 2023 6 down down RP 39142 2023 7 to to IN 39142 2023 8 Martian martian JJ 39142 2023 9 latitude latitude NN 39142 2023 10 70 70 CD 39142 2023 11 degrees degree NNS 39142 2023 12 and and CC 39142 2023 13 was be VBD 39142 2023 14 over over IN 39142 2023 15 1,200 1,200 CD 39142 2023 16 miles mile NNS 39142 2023 17 in in IN 39142 2023 18 diameter diameter NN 39142 2023 19 . . . 39142 2024 1 Pickering pickering NN 39142 2024 2 watched watch VBD 39142 2024 3 the the DT 39142 2024 4 changing change VBG 39142 2024 5 conditions condition NNS 39142 2024 6 of of IN 39142 2024 7 shrinking shrink VBG 39142 2024 8 of of IN 39142 2024 9 the the DT 39142 2024 10 south south JJ 39142 2024 11 polar polar JJ 39142 2024 12 cap cap NN 39142 2024 13 in in IN 39142 2024 14 1892 1892 CD 39142 2024 15 with with IN 39142 2024 16 a a DT 39142 2024 17 large large JJ 39142 2024 18 telescope telescope NN 39142 2024 19 located locate VBN 39142 2024 20 in in IN 39142 2024 21 the the DT 39142 2024 22 Andes Andes NNP 39142 2024 23 of of IN 39142 2024 24 Peru Peru NNP 39142 2024 25 . . . 39142 2025 1 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2025 2 was be VBD 39142 2025 3 faithfully faithfully RB 39142 2025 4 followed follow VBN 39142 2025 5 on on IN 39142 2025 6 every every DT 39142 2025 7 night night NN 39142 2025 8 but but CC 39142 2025 9 one one CD 39142 2025 10 from from IN 39142 2025 11 July July NNP 39142 2025 12 13 13 CD 39142 2025 13 to to IN 39142 2025 14 September September NNP 39142 2025 15 9 9 CD 39142 2025 16 , , , 39142 2025 17 and and CC 39142 2025 18 the the DT 39142 2025 19 apparent apparent JJ 39142 2025 20 alterations alteration NNS 39142 2025 21 in in IN 39142 2025 22 this this DT 39142 2025 23 cap cap NN 39142 2025 24 were be VBD 39142 2025 25 very very RB 39142 2025 26 marked mark VBN 39142 2025 27 , , , 39142 2025 28 even even RB 39142 2025 29 from from IN 39142 2025 30 night night NN 39142 2025 31 to to IN 39142 2025 32 night night NN 39142 2025 33 . . . 39142 2026 1 As as IN 39142 2026 2 the the DT 39142 2026 3 snows snow NNS 39142 2026 4 began begin VBD 39142 2026 5 to to TO 39142 2026 6 decrease decrease VB 39142 2026 7 , , , 39142 2026 8 a a DT 39142 2026 9 long long JJ 39142 2026 10 dark dark JJ 39142 2026 11 line line NN 39142 2026 12 made make VBD 39142 2026 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2026 14 appearance appearance NN 39142 2026 15 near near IN 39142 2026 16 the the DT 39142 2026 17 middle middle NN 39142 2026 18 of of IN 39142 2026 19 the the DT 39142 2026 20 cap cap NN 39142 2026 21 , , , 39142 2026 22 and and CC 39142 2026 23 gradually gradually RB 39142 2026 24 grew grow VBD 39142 2026 25 until until IN 39142 2026 26 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2026 27 cut cut VBD 39142 2026 28 the the DT 39142 2026 29 cap cap NN 39142 2026 30 in in IN 39142 2026 31 two two CD 39142 2026 32 . . . 39142 2027 1 This this DT 39142 2027 2 white white JJ 39142 2027 3 polar polar JJ 39142 2027 4 area area NN 39142 2027 5 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2027 6 and and CC 39142 2027 7 probably probably RB 39142 2027 8 also also RB 39142 2027 9 the the DT 39142 2027 10 northern northern JJ 39142 2027 11 one one CD 39142 2027 12 in in IN 39142 2027 13 similar similar JJ 39142 2027 14 fashion fashion NN 39142 2027 15 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2027 16 becomes become VBZ 39142 2027 17 notched notch VBN 39142 2027 18 on on IN 39142 2027 19 the the DT 39142 2027 20 edge edge NN 39142 2027 21 with with IN 39142 2027 22 the the DT 39142 2027 23 progress progress NN 39142 2027 24 of of IN 39142 2027 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2027 26 summer summer NN 39142 2027 27 season season NN 39142 2027 28 ; ; , 39142 2027 29 dark dark JJ 39142 2027 30 interior interior JJ 39142 2027 31 spots spot NNS 39142 2027 32 and and CC 39142 2027 33 fissures fissure NNS 39142 2027 34 form form NN 39142 2027 35 , , , 39142 2027 36 isolated isolated JJ 39142 2027 37 patches patch NNS 39142 2027 38 separate separate JJ 39142 2027 39 from from IN 39142 2027 40 the the DT 39142 2027 41 principal principal JJ 39142 2027 42 mass mass NN 39142 2027 43 , , , 39142 2027 44 and and CC 39142 2027 45 later later RB 39142 2027 46 seem seem VBP 39142 2027 47 to to TO 39142 2027 48 dissolve dissolve VB 39142 2027 49 and and CC 39142 2027 50 disappear disappear VB 39142 2027 51 . . . 39142 2028 1 Possibly possibly RB 39142 2028 2 if if IN 39142 2028 3 one one CD 39142 2028 4 were be VBD 39142 2028 5 located locate VBN 39142 2028 6 on on IN 39142 2028 7 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2028 8 and and CC 39142 2028 9 viewing view VBG 39142 2028 10 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2028 11 earth earth NN 39142 2028 12 with with IN 39142 2028 13 a a DT 39142 2028 14 big big JJ 39142 2028 15 telescope telescope NN 39142 2028 16 , , , 39142 2028 17 the the DT 39142 2028 18 seasonal seasonal JJ 39142 2028 19 variation variation NN 39142 2028 20 of of IN 39142 2028 21 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2028 22 north north NN 39142 2028 23 and and CC 39142 2028 24 south south JJ 39142 2028 25 polar polar JJ 39142 2028 26 caps cap NNS 39142 2028 27 might may MD 39142 2028 28 present present VB 39142 2028 29 somewhat somewhat RB 39142 2028 30 similar similar JJ 39142 2028 31 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 2028 32 . . . 39142 2029 1 All all PDT 39142 2029 2 the the DT 39142 2029 3 recent recent JJ 39142 2029 4 oppositions opposition NNS 39142 2029 5 of of IN 39142 2029 6 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2029 7 have have VBP 39142 2029 8 been be VBN 39142 2029 9 critically critically RB 39142 2029 10 observed observe VBN 39142 2029 11 by by IN 39142 2029 12 Pickering Pickering NNP 39142 2029 13 from from IN 39142 2029 14 an an DT 39142 2029 15 excellent excellent JJ 39142 2029 16 station station NN 39142 2029 17 in in IN 39142 2029 18 Jamaica Jamaica NNP 39142 2029 19 . . . 39142 2030 1 Quite quite RB 39142 2030 2 obviously obviously RB 39142 2030 3 the the DT 39142 2030 4 fluctuations fluctuation NNS 39142 2030 5 of of IN 39142 2030 6 the the DT 39142 2030 7 polar polar JJ 39142 2030 8 caps cap NNS 39142 2030 9 are be VBP 39142 2030 10 the the DT 39142 2030 11 key key NN 39142 2030 12 to to IN 39142 2030 13 the the DT 39142 2030 14 physiographic physiographic JJ 39142 2030 15 situation situation NN 39142 2030 16 on on IN 39142 2030 17 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2030 18 , , , 39142 2030 19 and and CC 39142 2030 20 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2030 21 are be VBP 39142 2030 22 made make VBN 39142 2030 23 the the DT 39142 2030 24 subject subject NN 39142 2030 25 of of IN 39142 2030 26 the the DT 39142 2030 27 closest close JJS 39142 2030 28 scrutiny scrutiny NN 39142 2030 29 at at IN 39142 2030 30 every every DT 39142 2030 31 recurring recur VBG 39142 2030 32 opposition opposition NN 39142 2030 33 of of IN 39142 2030 34 the the DT 39142 2030 35 planet planet NN 39142 2030 36 . . . 39142 2031 1 Several several JJ 39142 2031 2 observers observer NNS 39142 2031 3 , , , 39142 2031 4 Lowell Lowell NNP 39142 2031 5 in in IN 39142 2031 6 particular particular JJ 39142 2031 7 , , , 39142 2031 8 record record VB 39142 2031 9 a a DT 39142 2031 10 bluish bluish JJ 39142 2031 11 line line NN 39142 2031 12 or or CC 39142 2031 13 a a DT 39142 2031 14 sort sort NN 39142 2031 15 of of IN 39142 2031 16 retreating retreat VBG 39142 2031 17 polar polar JJ 39142 2031 18 sea sea NN 39142 2031 19 , , , 39142 2031 20 following follow VBG 39142 2031 21 up up RP 39142 2031 22 the the DT 39142 2031 23 diminishing diminish VBG 39142 2031 24 polar polar JJ 39142 2031 25 cap cap NN 39142 2031 26 as as IN 39142 2031 27 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2031 28 shrinks shrink VBZ 39142 2031 29 with with IN 39142 2031 30 the the DT 39142 2031 31 advance advance NN 39142 2031 32 of of IN 39142 2031 33 summer summer NN 39142 2031 34 . . . 39142 2032 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 2032 2 is be VBZ 39142 2032 3 said say VBN 39142 2032 4 that that IN 39142 2032 5 no no DT 39142 2032 6 such such JJ 39142 2032 7 line line NN 39142 2032 8 is be VBZ 39142 2032 9 visible visible JJ 39142 2032 10 during during IN 39142 2032 11 the the DT 39142 2032 12 formation formation NN 39142 2032 13 of of IN 39142 2032 14 the the DT 39142 2032 15 polar polar JJ 39142 2032 16 cap cap NN 39142 2032 17 with with IN 39142 2032 18 the the DT 39142 2032 19 approach approach NN 39142 2032 20 of of IN 39142 2032 21 winter winter NN 39142 2032 22 . . . 39142 2033 1 All all DT 39142 2033 2 such such JJ 39142 2033 3 results result NNS 39142 2033 4 of of IN 39142 2033 5 critical critical JJ 39142 2033 6 observation observation NN 39142 2033 7 , , , 39142 2033 8 just just RB 39142 2033 9 on on IN 39142 2033 10 the the DT 39142 2033 11 limit limit NN 39142 2033 12 of of IN 39142 2033 13 visibility visibility NN 39142 2033 14 , , , 39142 2033 15 have have VBP 39142 2033 16 to to TO 39142 2033 17 be be VB 39142 2033 18 repeated repeat VBN 39142 2033 19 over over IN 39142 2033 20 and and CC 39142 2033 21 over over RB 39142 2033 22 again again RB 39142 2033 23 before before IN 39142 2033 24 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2033 25 become become VBP 39142 2033 26 part part NN 39142 2033 27 of of IN 39142 2033 28 the the DT 39142 2033 29 body body NN 39142 2033 30 of of IN 39142 2033 31 accepted accept VBN 39142 2033 32 scientific scientific JJ 39142 2033 33 fact fact NN 39142 2033 34 . . . 39142 2034 1 And and CC 39142 2034 2 in in IN 39142 2034 3 many many JJ 39142 2034 4 instances instance NNS 39142 2034 5 the the DT 39142 2034 6 only only JJ 39142 2034 7 sure sure JJ 39142 2034 8 way way NN 39142 2034 9 is be VBZ 39142 2034 10 to to TO 39142 2034 11 fall fall VB 39142 2034 12 back back RB 39142 2034 13 on on IN 39142 2034 14 the the DT 39142 2034 15 photographic photographic JJ 39142 2034 16 record record NN 39142 2034 17 , , , 39142 2034 18 which which WDT 39142 2034 19 all all DT 39142 2034 20 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2034 21 , , , 39142 2034 22 whether whether IN 39142 2034 23 prejudiced prejudiced JJ 39142 2034 24 or or CC 39142 2034 25 not not RB 39142 2034 26 , , , 39142 2034 27 may may MD 39142 2034 28 have have VB 39142 2034 29 the the DT 39142 2034 30 opportunity opportunity NN 39142 2034 31 to to TO 39142 2034 32 examine examine VB 39142 2034 33 and and CC 39142 2034 34 draw draw VB 39142 2034 35 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2034 36 individual individual JJ 39142 2034 37 conclusions conclusion NNS 39142 2034 38 . . . 39142 2035 1 Already already RB 39142 2035 2 the the DT 39142 2035 3 approaching approach VBG 39142 2035 4 opposition opposition NN 39142 2035 5 of of IN 39142 2035 6 1924 1924 CD 39142 2035 7 , , , 39142 2035 8 the the DT 39142 2035 9 most most RBS 39142 2035 10 favorable favorable JJ 39142 2035 11 since since IN 39142 2035 12 the the DT 39142 2035 13 invention invention NN 39142 2035 14 of of IN 39142 2035 15 the the DT 39142 2035 16 telescope telescope NN 39142 2035 17 , , , 39142 2035 18 is be VBZ 39142 2035 19 beginning begin VBG 39142 2035 20 to to TO 39142 2035 21 attract attract VB 39142 2035 22 attention attention NN 39142 2035 23 , , , 39142 2035 24 and and CC 39142 2035 25 preparations preparation NNS 39142 2035 26 are be VBP 39142 2035 27 in in IN 39142 2035 28 progress progress NN 39142 2035 29 , , , 39142 2035 30 of of IN 39142 2035 31 new new JJ 39142 2035 32 and and CC 39142 2035 33 more more RBR 39142 2035 34 powerful powerful JJ 39142 2035 35 instruments instrument NNS 39142 2035 36 , , , 39142 2035 37 with with IN 39142 2035 38 new new JJ 39142 2035 39 and and CC 39142 2035 40 more more RBR 39142 2035 41 sensitive sensitive JJ 39142 2035 42 photographic photographic JJ 39142 2035 43 processes process NNS 39142 2035 44 , , , 39142 2035 45 by by IN 39142 2035 46 means mean NNS 39142 2035 47 of of IN 39142 2035 48 which which WDT 39142 2035 49 many many JJ 39142 2035 50 of of IN 39142 2035 51 the the DT 39142 2035 52 present present JJ 39142 2035 53 riddles riddle NNS 39142 2035 54 of of IN 39142 2035 55 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2035 56 may may MD 39142 2035 57 be be VB 39142 2035 58 solved solve VBN 39142 2035 59 . . . 39142 2036 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 2036 2 XXXIII XXXIII NNP 39142 2036 3 THE the DT 39142 2036 4 CANALS canal NNS 39142 2036 5 OF of IN 39142 2036 6 MARS MARS NNP 39142 2036 7 Then then RB 39142 2036 8 there there EX 39142 2036 9 are be VBP 39142 2036 10 the the DT 39142 2036 11 so so RB 39142 2036 12 - - HYPH 39142 2036 13 called call VBN 39142 2036 14 canals canal NNS 39142 2036 15 of of IN 39142 2036 16 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2036 17 , , , 39142 2036 18 about about IN 39142 2036 19 which which WDT 39142 2036 20 so so RB 39142 2036 21 much much JJ 39142 2036 22 is be VBZ 39142 2036 23 written write VBN 39142 2036 24 and and CC 39142 2036 25 relatively relatively RB 39142 2036 26 little little RB 39142 2036 27 known known JJ 39142 2036 28 . . . 39142 2037 1 Faint faint JJ 39142 2037 2 markings marking NNS 39142 2037 3 which which WDT 39142 2037 4 resemble resemble VBP 39142 2037 5 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2037 6 in in IN 39142 2037 7 character character NN 39142 2037 8 were be VBD 39142 2037 9 first first RB 39142 2037 10 drawn draw VBN 39142 2037 11 in in IN 39142 2037 12 1840 1840 CD 39142 2037 13 and and CC 39142 2037 14 later later RBR 39142 2037 15 in in IN 39142 2037 16 1864 1864 CD 39142 2037 17 , , , 39142 2037 18 but but CC 39142 2037 19 Schiaparelli Schiaparelli NNP 39142 2037 20 , , , 39142 2037 21 the the DT 39142 2037 22 famous famous JJ 39142 2037 23 Italian italian JJ 39142 2037 24 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 2037 25 , , , 39142 2037 26 is be VBZ 39142 2037 27 probably probably RB 39142 2037 28 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2037 29 original original JJ 39142 2037 30 discoverer discoverer NN 39142 2037 31 , , , 39142 2037 32 when when WRB 39142 2037 33 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2037 34 was be VBD 39142 2037 35 at at IN 39142 2037 36 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2037 37 least least JJS 39142 2037 38 distance distance NN 39142 2037 39 from from IN 39142 2037 40 the the DT 39142 2037 41 earth earth NN 39142 2037 42 in in IN 39142 2037 43 1877 1877 CD 39142 2037 44 . . . 39142 2038 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 2038 2 made make VBD 39142 2038 3 the the DT 39142 2038 4 first first JJ 39142 2038 5 accurate accurate JJ 39142 2038 6 detailed detailed JJ 39142 2038 7 map map NN 39142 2038 8 of of IN 39142 2038 9 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2038 10 at at IN 39142 2038 11 this this DT 39142 2038 12 time time NN 39142 2038 13 , , , 39142 2038 14 and and CC 39142 2038 15 most most JJS 39142 2038 16 of of IN 39142 2038 17 the the DT 39142 2038 18 important important JJ 39142 2038 19 or or CC 39142 2038 20 more more RBR 39142 2038 21 conspicuous conspicuous JJ 39142 2038 22 canals canal NNS 39142 2038 23 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2038 24 _ _ NNP 39142 2038 25 canali canali NNP 39142 2038 26 _ _ NNP 39142 2038 27 , , , 39142 2038 28 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2038 29 called call VBD 39142 2038 30 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2038 31 in in IN 39142 2038 32 Italian Italian NNP 39142 2038 33 , , , 39142 2038 34 that that RB 39142 2038 35 is is RB 39142 2038 36 , , , 39142 2038 37 channels channel NNS 39142 2038 38 merely merely RB 39142 2038 39 , , , 39142 2038 40 without without IN 39142 2038 41 any any DT 39142 2038 42 reference reference NN 39142 2038 43 whatever whatever WDT 39142 2038 44 to to IN 39142 2038 45 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2038 46 being be VBG 39142 2038 47 watercourses watercourse NNS 39142 2038 48 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2038 49 were be VBD 39142 2038 50 accurately accurately RB 39142 2038 51 charted chart VBN 39142 2038 52 by by IN 39142 2038 53 him -PRON- PRP 39142 2038 54 . . . 39142 2039 1 At at IN 39142 2039 2 all all PDT 39142 2039 3 the the DT 39142 2039 4 subsequent subsequent JJ 39142 2039 5 close close JJ 39142 2039 6 approaches approach NNS 39142 2039 7 of of IN 39142 2039 8 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2039 9 , , , 39142 2039 10 the the DT 39142 2039 11 canals canal NNS 39142 2039 12 have have VBP 39142 2039 13 been be VBN 39142 2039 14 critically critically RB 39142 2039 15 studied study VBN 39142 2039 16 by by IN 39142 2039 17 a a DT 39142 2039 18 wide wide JJ 39142 2039 19 range range NN 39142 2039 20 of of IN 39142 2039 21 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 2039 22 observers observer NNS 39142 2039 23 , , , 39142 2039 24 and and CC 39142 2039 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2039 26 conclusions conclusion NNS 39142 2039 27 as as IN 39142 2039 28 to to IN 39142 2039 29 the the DT 39142 2039 30 nature nature NN 39142 2039 31 and and CC 39142 2039 32 visibility visibility NN 39142 2039 33 of of IN 39142 2039 34 the the DT 39142 2039 35 canals canal NNS 39142 2039 36 have have VBP 39142 2039 37 been be VBN 39142 2039 38 equally equally RB 39142 2039 39 wide wide JJ 39142 2039 40 and and CC 39142 2039 41 varied varied JJ 39142 2039 42 . . . 39142 2040 1 The the DT 39142 2040 2 most most RBS 39142 2040 3 favorable favorable JJ 39142 2040 4 oppositions opposition NNS 39142 2040 5 have have VBP 39142 2040 6 occurred occur VBN 39142 2040 7 in in IN 39142 2040 8 1892 1892 CD 39142 2040 9 and and CC 39142 2040 10 1894 1894 CD 39142 2040 11 , , , 39142 2040 12 also also RB 39142 2040 13 in in IN 39142 2040 14 1907 1907 CD 39142 2040 15 and and CC 39142 2040 16 1909 1909 CD 39142 2040 17 . . . 39142 2041 1 On on IN 39142 2041 2 these these DT 39142 2041 3 occasions occasion NNS 39142 2041 4 a a DT 39142 2041 5 close close JJ 39142 2041 6 minimum minimum JJ 39142 2041 7 distance distance NN 39142 2041 8 of of IN 39142 2041 9 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2041 10 was be VBD 39142 2041 11 reached reach VBN 39142 2041 12 , , , 39142 2041 13 that that RB 39142 2041 14 is is RB 39142 2041 15 , , , 39142 2041 16 about about RB 39142 2041 17 35 35 CD 39142 2041 18 millions million NNS 39142 2041 19 of of IN 39142 2041 20 miles mile NNS 39142 2041 21 ; ; : 39142 2041 22 but but CC 39142 2041 23 in in IN 39142 2041 24 1924 1924 CD 39142 2041 25 the the DT 39142 2041 26 planet planet NN 39142 2041 27 makes make VBZ 39142 2041 28 the the DT 39142 2041 29 closest close JJS 39142 2041 30 approach approach NN 39142 2041 31 in in IN 39142 2041 32 a a DT 39142 2041 33 period period NN 39142 2041 34 of of IN 39142 2041 35 nearly nearly RB 39142 2041 36 a a DT 39142 2041 37 thousand thousand CD 39142 2041 38 years year NNS 39142 2041 39 . . . 39142 2042 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2042 2 distance distance NN 39142 2042 3 will will MD 39142 2042 4 not not RB 39142 2042 5 much much RB 39142 2042 6 exceed exceed VB 39142 2042 7 34 34 CD 39142 2042 8 millions million NNS 39142 2042 9 of of IN 39142 2042 10 miles mile NNS 39142 2042 11 . . . 39142 2043 1 But but CC 39142 2043 2 although although IN 39142 2043 3 this this DT 39142 2043 4 is be VBZ 39142 2043 5 a a DT 39142 2043 6 minimum minimum JJ 39142 2043 7 distance distance NN 39142 2043 8 for for IN 39142 2043 9 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2043 10 , , , 39142 2043 11 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2043 12 must must MD 39142 2043 13 not not RB 39142 2043 14 be be VB 39142 2043 15 forgotten forget VBN 39142 2043 16 that that IN 39142 2043 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2043 18 is be VBZ 39142 2043 19 a a DT 39142 2043 20 really really RB 39142 2043 21 vast vast JJ 39142 2043 22 distance distance NN 39142 2043 23 , , , 39142 2043 24 absolutely absolutely RB 39142 2043 25 speaking speak VBG 39142 2043 26 ; ; : 39142 2043 27 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2043 28 is be VBZ 39142 2043 29 something something NN 39142 2043 30 like like IN 39142 2043 31 150 150 CD 39142 2043 32 times time NNS 39142 2043 33 greater great JJR 39142 2043 34 than than IN 39142 2043 35 the the DT 39142 2043 36 distance distance NN 39142 2043 37 of of IN 39142 2043 38 the the DT 39142 2043 39 moon moon NN 39142 2043 40 . . . 39142 2044 1 With with IN 39142 2044 2 no no DT 39142 2044 3 telescopic telescopic JJ 39142 2044 4 power power NN 39142 2044 5 at at IN 39142 2044 6 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2044 7 command command NN 39142 2044 8 could could MD 39142 2044 9 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2044 10 possibly possibly RB 39142 2044 11 see see VB 39142 2044 12 anything anything NN 39142 2044 13 on on IN 39142 2044 14 the the DT 39142 2044 15 moon moon NN 39142 2044 16 of of IN 39142 2044 17 the the DT 39142 2044 18 size size NN 39142 2044 19 of of IN 39142 2044 20 the the DT 39142 2044 21 largest large JJS 39142 2044 22 buildings building NNS 39142 2044 23 or or CC 39142 2044 24 other other JJ 39142 2044 25 works work NNS 39142 2044 26 of of IN 39142 2044 27 human human JJ 39142 2044 28 intelligence intelligence NN 39142 2044 29 ; ; : 39142 2044 30 so so CC 39142 2044 31 that that IN 39142 2044 32 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2044 33 seem seem VBP 39142 2044 34 forever forever RB 39142 2044 35 barred bar VBN 39142 2044 36 from from IN 39142 2044 37 detecting detect VBG 39142 2044 38 anything anything NN 39142 2044 39 of of IN 39142 2044 40 the the DT 39142 2044 41 sort sort NN 39142 2044 42 on on IN 39142 2044 43 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2044 44 . . . 39142 2045 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 2045 2 , , , 39142 2045 3 the the DT 39142 2045 4 closest close JJS 39142 2045 5 scrutiny scrutiny NN 39142 2045 6 of of IN 39142 2045 7 the the DT 39142 2045 8 ruddy ruddy NN 39142 2045 9 planet planet NN 39142 2045 10 by by IN 39142 2045 11 observers observer NNS 39142 2045 12 of of IN 39142 2045 13 great great JJ 39142 2045 14 enthusiasm enthusiasm NN 39142 2045 15 and and CC 39142 2045 16 intelligence intelligence NN 39142 2045 17 , , , 39142 2045 18 coupled couple VBN 39142 2045 19 with with IN 39142 2045 20 imagination imagination NN 39142 2045 21 and and CC 39142 2045 22 persistence persistence NN 39142 2045 23 , , , 39142 2045 24 have have VBP 39142 2045 25 built build VBN 39142 2045 26 up up RP 39142 2045 27 a a DT 39142 2045 28 system system NN 39142 2045 29 of of IN 39142 2045 30 canals canal NNS 39142 2045 31 on on IN 39142 2045 32 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2045 33 , , , 39142 2045 34 covering cover VBG 39142 2045 35 the the DT 39142 2045 36 surface surface NN 39142 2045 37 of of IN 39142 2045 38 the the DT 39142 2045 39 planet planet NN 39142 2045 40 like like IN 39142 2045 41 spider spider NN 39142 2045 42 webs webs NN 39142 2045 43 over over IN 39142 2045 44 a a DT 39142 2045 45 printed print VBN 39142 2045 46 page page NN 39142 2045 47 , , , 39142 2045 48 crossing cross VBG 39142 2045 49 each each DT 39142 2045 50 other other JJ 39142 2045 51 at at IN 39142 2045 52 intersecting intersect VBG 39142 2045 53 spots spot NNS 39142 2045 54 known know VBN 39142 2045 55 as as IN 39142 2045 56 " " `` 39142 2045 57 lakes lake NNS 39142 2045 58 , , , 39142 2045 59 " " '' 39142 2045 60 and and CC 39142 2045 61 embodying embody VBG 39142 2045 62 a a DT 39142 2045 63 wealth wealth NN 39142 2045 64 of of IN 39142 2045 65 detail detail NN 39142 2045 66 which which WDT 39142 2045 67 challenges challenge VBZ 39142 2045 68 criticism criticism NN 39142 2045 69 and and CC 39142 2045 70 explanation explanation NN 39142 2045 71 . . . 39142 2046 1 To to TO 39142 2046 2 see see VB 39142 2046 3 the the DT 39142 2046 4 canals canal NNS 39142 2046 5 at at IN 39142 2046 6 all all RB 39142 2046 7 requires require VBZ 39142 2046 8 a a DT 39142 2046 9 favorable favorable JJ 39142 2046 10 presentation presentation NN 39142 2046 11 of of IN 39142 2046 12 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2046 13 , , , 39142 2046 14 a a DT 39142 2046 15 steady steady JJ 39142 2046 16 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2046 17 and and CC 39142 2046 18 a a DT 39142 2046 19 perfect perfect JJ 39142 2046 20 telescope telescope NN 39142 2046 21 , , , 39142 2046 22 with with IN 39142 2046 23 a a DT 39142 2046 24 trained train VBN 39142 2046 25 eye eye NN 39142 2046 26 behind behind IN 39142 2046 27 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2046 28 . . . 39142 2047 1 Not not RB 39142 2047 2 even even RB 39142 2047 3 then then RB 39142 2047 4 are be VBP 39142 2047 5 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2047 6 sure sure JJ 39142 2047 7 to to TO 39142 2047 8 be be VB 39142 2047 9 visible visible JJ 39142 2047 10 . . . 39142 2048 1 The the DT 39142 2048 2 training training NN 39142 2048 3 of of IN 39142 2048 4 the the DT 39142 2048 5 eye eye NN 39142 2048 6 has have VBZ 39142 2048 7 no no DT 39142 2048 8 doubt doubt RB 39142 2048 9 much much JJ 39142 2048 10 to to TO 39142 2048 11 do do VB 39142 2048 12 with with IN 39142 2048 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2048 14 . . . 39142 2049 1 So so CC 39142 2049 2 photography photography NN 39142 2049 3 has have VBZ 39142 2049 4 been be VBN 39142 2049 5 called call VBN 39142 2049 6 in in RP 39142 2049 7 , , , 39142 2049 8 and and CC 39142 2049 9 very very RB 39142 2049 10 excellent excellent JJ 39142 2049 11 pictures picture NNS 39142 2049 12 of of IN 39142 2049 13 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2049 14 have have VBP 39142 2049 15 already already RB 39142 2049 16 been be VBN 39142 2049 17 taken take VBN 39142 2049 18 , , , 39142 2049 19 some some DT 39142 2049 20 nearly nearly RB 39142 2049 21 half half NN 39142 2049 22 as as RB 39142 2049 23 large large JJ 39142 2049 24 as as IN 39142 2049 25 a a DT 39142 2049 26 dime dime NN 39142 2049 27 , , , 39142 2049 28 showing show VBG 39142 2049 29 plainly plainly RB 39142 2049 30 the the DT 39142 2049 31 lights light NNS 39142 2049 32 and and CC 39142 2049 33 shades shade NNS 39142 2049 34 of of IN 39142 2049 35 the the DT 39142 2049 36 grander grander NN 39142 2049 37 divisions division NNS 39142 2049 38 of of IN 39142 2049 39 the the DT 39142 2049 40 Martian Martian NNP 39142 2049 41 surface surface NN 39142 2049 42 , , , 39142 2049 43 but but CC 39142 2049 44 only only RB 39142 2049 45 in in IN 39142 2049 46 a a DT 39142 2049 47 few few JJ 39142 2049 48 instances instance NNS 39142 2049 49 revealing reveal VBG 39142 2049 50 the the DT 39142 2049 51 actual actual JJ 39142 2049 52 canals canal NNS 39142 2049 53 more more RBR 39142 2049 54 unmistakably unmistakably RB 39142 2049 55 than than IN 39142 2049 56 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2049 57 are be VBP 39142 2049 58 seen see VBN 39142 2049 59 at at IN 39142 2049 60 the the DT 39142 2049 61 eyepiece eyepiece NN 39142 2049 62 . . . 39142 2050 1 The the DT 39142 2050 2 appearance appearance NN 39142 2050 3 and and CC 39142 2050 4 degree degree NN 39142 2050 5 of of IN 39142 2050 6 visibility visibility NN 39142 2050 7 of of IN 39142 2050 8 the the DT 39142 2050 9 canals canal NNS 39142 2050 10 are be VBP 39142 2050 11 variable variable JJ 39142 2050 12 : : : 39142 2050 13 possibly possibly RB 39142 2050 14 clouds cloud NNS 39142 2050 15 temporarily temporarily RB 39142 2050 16 obscure obscure VBP 39142 2050 17 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2050 18 . . . 39142 2051 1 But but CC 39142 2051 2 there there EX 39142 2051 3 is be VBZ 39142 2051 4 a a DT 39142 2051 5 certain certain JJ 39142 2051 6 capriciousness capriciousness NN 39142 2051 7 about about IN 39142 2051 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2051 9 visibility visibility NN 39142 2051 10 that that WDT 39142 2051 11 is be VBZ 39142 2051 12 little little RB 39142 2051 13 understood understand VBN 39142 2051 14 . . . 39142 2052 1 In in IN 39142 2052 2 consequence consequence NN 39142 2052 3 of of IN 39142 2052 4 the the DT 39142 2052 5 changing change VBG 39142 2052 6 physical physical JJ 39142 2052 7 aspects aspect NNS 39142 2052 8 , , , 39142 2052 9 as as IN 39142 2052 10 to to IN 39142 2052 11 season season NN 39142 2052 12 , , , 39142 2052 13 on on IN 39142 2052 14 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2052 15 and and CC 39142 2052 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2052 17 orbital orbital JJ 39142 2052 18 position position NN 39142 2052 19 with with IN 39142 2052 20 reference reference NN 39142 2052 21 to to IN 39142 2052 22 the the DT 39142 2052 23 earth earth NN 39142 2052 24 , , , 39142 2052 25 some some DT 39142 2052 26 of of IN 39142 2052 27 the the DT 39142 2052 28 canals canal NNS 39142 2052 29 remain remain VBP 39142 2052 30 for for IN 39142 2052 31 a a DT 39142 2052 32 long long JJ 39142 2052 33 time time NN 39142 2052 34 invisible invisible JJ 39142 2052 35 , , , 39142 2052 36 adding add VBG 39142 2052 37 to to IN 39142 2052 38 the the DT 39142 2052 39 intricacy intricacy NN 39142 2052 40 of of IN 39142 2052 41 the the DT 39142 2052 42 puzzle puzzle NN 39142 2052 43 . . . 39142 2053 1 For for IN 39142 2053 2 the the DT 39142 2053 3 most most JJS 39142 2053 4 part part NN 39142 2053 5 the the DT 39142 2053 6 canals canal NNS 39142 2053 7 are be VBP 39142 2053 8 straight straight JJ 39142 2053 9 in in IN 39142 2053 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2053 11 course course NN 39142 2053 12 and and CC 39142 2053 13 do do VBP 39142 2053 14 not not RB 39142 2053 15 swerve swerve VB 39142 2053 16 much much RB 39142 2053 17 from from IN 39142 2053 18 a a DT 39142 2053 19 great great JJ 39142 2053 20 circle circle NN 39142 2053 21 on on IN 39142 2053 22 the the DT 39142 2053 23 planet planet NN 39142 2053 24 . . . 39142 2054 1 But but CC 39142 2054 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2054 3 lengths length NNS 39142 2054 4 are be VBP 39142 2054 5 very very RB 39142 2054 6 different different JJ 39142 2054 7 , , , 39142 2054 8 some some DT 39142 2054 9 as as RB 39142 2054 10 short short JJ 39142 2054 11 as as IN 39142 2054 12 250 250 CD 39142 2054 13 miles mile NNS 39142 2054 14 , , , 39142 2054 15 some some DT 39142 2054 16 as as RB 39142 2054 17 long long JJ 39142 2054 18 as as IN 39142 2054 19 4,000 4,000 CD 39142 2054 20 miles mile NNS 39142 2054 21 ; ; : 39142 2054 22 and and CC 39142 2054 23 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2054 24 often often RB 39142 2054 25 join join VBP 39142 2054 26 one one CD 39142 2054 27 another another DT 39142 2054 28 like like IN 39142 2054 29 spokes spoke NNS 39142 2054 30 in in IN 39142 2054 31 the the DT 39142 2054 32 hub hub NN 39142 2054 33 of of IN 39142 2054 34 a a DT 39142 2054 35 wheel wheel NN 39142 2054 36 , , , 39142 2054 37 though though IN 39142 2054 38 at at IN 39142 2054 39 various various JJ 39142 2054 40 angles angle NNS 39142 2054 41 . . . 39142 2055 1 As as IN 39142 2055 2 depicted depict VBN 39142 2055 3 by by IN 39142 2055 4 Lowell Lowell NNP 39142 2055 5 and and CC 39142 2055 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2055 7 corps corps NN 39142 2055 8 of of IN 39142 2055 9 observers observer NNS 39142 2055 10 at at IN 39142 2055 11 Flagstaff Flagstaff NNP 39142 2055 12 , , , 39142 2055 13 Arizona Arizona NNP 39142 2055 14 , , , 39142 2055 15 the the DT 39142 2055 16 canal canal NN 39142 2055 17 system system NN 39142 2055 18 is be VBZ 39142 2055 19 a a DT 39142 2055 20 truly truly RB 39142 2055 21 marvelous marvelous JJ 39142 2055 22 network network NN 39142 2055 23 of of IN 39142 2055 24 fine fine JJ 39142 2055 25 darkish darkish JJ 39142 2055 26 stripes stripe NNS 39142 2055 27 . . . 39142 2056 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2056 2 color color NN 39142 2056 3 is be VBZ 39142 2056 4 represented represent VBN 39142 2056 5 as as IN 39142 2056 6 a a DT 39142 2056 7 bluish bluish JJ 39142 2056 8 green green NN 39142 2056 9 . . . 39142 2057 1 Each each DT 39142 2057 2 marking marking NN 39142 2057 3 maintains maintain VBZ 39142 2057 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2057 5 own own JJ 39142 2057 6 breadth breadth NN 39142 2057 7 throughout throughout IN 39142 2057 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2057 9 entire entire JJ 39142 2057 10 length length NN 39142 2057 11 , , , 39142 2057 12 but but CC 39142 2057 13 the the DT 39142 2057 14 breadth breadth NN 39142 2057 15 of of IN 39142 2057 16 all all PDT 39142 2057 17 the the DT 39142 2057 18 canals canal NNS 39142 2057 19 is be VBZ 39142 2057 20 by by IN 39142 2057 21 no no DT 39142 2057 22 means means NN 39142 2057 23 the the DT 39142 2057 24 same same JJ 39142 2057 25 : : : 39142 2057 26 the the DT 39142 2057 27 narrowest narrow JJS 39142 2057 28 are be VBP 39142 2057 29 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2057 30 fifteen fifteen CD 39142 2057 31 to to TO 39142 2057 32 twenty twenty CD 39142 2057 33 miles mile NNS 39142 2057 34 wide wide JJ 39142 2057 35 , , , 39142 2057 36 and and CC 39142 2057 37 the the DT 39142 2057 38 broadest broad JJS 39142 2057 39 probably probably RB 39142 2057 40 ten ten CD 39142 2057 41 times time NNS 39142 2057 42 that that DT 39142 2057 43 . . . 39142 2058 1 At at IN 39142 2058 2 least least JJS 39142 2058 3 that that DT 39142 2058 4 must must MD 39142 2058 5 be be VB 39142 2058 6 the the DT 39142 2058 7 breadth breadth NN 39142 2058 8 of of IN 39142 2058 9 the the DT 39142 2058 10 Nilosyrtis Nilosyrtis NNP 39142 2058 11 , , , 39142 2058 12 which which WDT 39142 2058 13 is be VBZ 39142 2058 14 generally generally RB 39142 2058 15 regarded regard VBN 39142 2058 16 as as IN 39142 2058 17 the the DT 39142 2058 18 most most RBS 39142 2058 19 conspicuous conspicuous JJ 39142 2058 20 of of IN 39142 2058 21 all all PDT 39142 2058 22 the the DT 39142 2058 23 canals canal NNS 39142 2058 24 . . . 39142 2059 1 The the DT 39142 2059 2 Lowell Lowell NNP 39142 2059 3 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 2059 4 has have VBZ 39142 2059 5 outstripped outstrip VBN 39142 2059 6 all all DT 39142 2059 7 others other NNS 39142 2059 8 in in IN 39142 2059 9 the the DT 39142 2059 10 number number NN 39142 2059 11 of of IN 39142 2059 12 canals canal NNS 39142 2059 13 seen see VBN 39142 2059 14 and and CC 39142 2059 15 charted chart VBN 39142 2059 16 , , , 39142 2059 17 now now RB 39142 2059 18 about about RB 39142 2059 19 500 500 CD 39142 2059 20 . . . 39142 2060 1 What what WP 39142 2060 2 may may MD 39142 2060 3 be be VB 39142 2060 4 the the DT 39142 2060 5 true true JJ 39142 2060 6 significance significance NN 39142 2060 7 of of IN 39142 2060 8 this this DT 39142 2060 9 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 2060 10 system system NN 39142 2060 11 of of IN 39142 2060 12 markings marking NNS 39142 2060 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2060 14 is be VBZ 39142 2060 15 impossible impossible JJ 39142 2060 16 to to TO 39142 2060 17 conclude conclude VB 39142 2060 18 at at IN 39142 2060 19 present present NN 39142 2060 20 . . . 39142 2061 1 Schiaparelli schiaparelli NN 39142 2061 2 from from IN 39142 2061 3 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2061 4 long long JJ 39142 2061 5 and and CC 39142 2061 6 critical critical JJ 39142 2061 7 study study NN 39142 2061 8 of of IN 39142 2061 9 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2061 10 , , , 39142 2061 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2061 12 changes change NNS 39142 2061 13 of of IN 39142 2061 14 width width NN 39142 2061 15 and and CC 39142 2061 16 color color NN 39142 2061 17 , , , 39142 2061 18 was be VBD 39142 2061 19 led lead VBN 39142 2061 20 to to TO 39142 2061 21 think think VB 39142 2061 22 that that IN 39142 2061 23 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2061 24 may may MD 39142 2061 25 be be VB 39142 2061 26 a a DT 39142 2061 27 veritable veritable JJ 39142 2061 28 hydrographic hydrographic JJ 39142 2061 29 system system NN 39142 2061 30 for for IN 39142 2061 31 distributing distribute VBG 39142 2061 32 the the DT 39142 2061 33 liquid liquid NN 39142 2061 34 from from IN 39142 2061 35 the the DT 39142 2061 36 melting melt VBG 39142 2061 37 polar polar JJ 39142 2061 38 snows snow NNS 39142 2061 39 . . . 39142 2062 1 In in IN 39142 2062 2 this this DT 39142 2062 3 case case NN 39142 2062 4 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2062 5 would would MD 39142 2062 6 be be VB 39142 2062 7 difficult difficult JJ 39142 2062 8 to to TO 39142 2062 9 escape escape VB 39142 2062 10 the the DT 39142 2062 11 conviction conviction NN 39142 2062 12 that that IN 39142 2062 13 the the DT 39142 2062 14 canals canal NNS 39142 2062 15 have have VBP 39142 2062 16 , , , 39142 2062 17 at at IN 39142 2062 18 least least JJS 39142 2062 19 in in IN 39142 2062 20 part part NN 39142 2062 21 , , , 39142 2062 22 been be VBN 39142 2062 23 designed design VBN 39142 2062 24 and and CC 39142 2062 25 executed execute VBN 39142 2062 26 with with IN 39142 2062 27 a a DT 39142 2062 28 definite definite JJ 39142 2062 29 end end NN 39142 2062 30 in in IN 39142 2062 31 view view NN 39142 2062 32 . . . 39142 2063 1 Lowell Lowell NNP 39142 2063 2 went go VBD 39142 2063 3 even even RB 39142 2063 4 farther farther RB 39142 2063 5 and and CC 39142 2063 6 built build VBN 39142 2063 7 upon upon IN 39142 2063 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2063 9 behavior behavior NN 39142 2063 10 an an DT 39142 2063 11 elaborate elaborate JJ 39142 2063 12 theory theory NN 39142 2063 13 of of IN 39142 2063 14 life life NN 39142 2063 15 on on IN 39142 2063 16 the the DT 39142 2063 17 planet planet NN 39142 2063 18 , , , 39142 2063 19 with with IN 39142 2063 20 intelligent intelligent JJ 39142 2063 21 beings being NNS 39142 2063 22 constructing construct VBG 39142 2063 23 and and CC 39142 2063 24 opening open VBG 39142 2063 25 new new JJ 39142 2063 26 canals canal NNS 39142 2063 27 on on IN 39142 2063 28 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2063 29 at at IN 39142 2063 30 the the DT 39142 2063 31 present present JJ 39142 2063 32 epoch epoch NN 39142 2063 33 . . . 39142 2064 1 Pickering pickering NN 39142 2064 2 propounded propound VBD 39142 2064 3 the the DT 39142 2064 4 theory theory NN 39142 2064 5 that that IN 39142 2064 6 the the DT 39142 2064 7 canals canal NNS 39142 2064 8 are be VBP 39142 2064 9 not not RB 39142 2064 10 water water NN 39142 2064 11 - - HYPH 39142 2064 12 bearing bear VBG 39142 2064 13 channels channel NNS 39142 2064 14 at at RB 39142 2064 15 all all RB 39142 2064 16 , , , 39142 2064 17 but but CC 39142 2064 18 that that IN 39142 2064 19 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2064 20 are be VBP 39142 2064 21 due due JJ 39142 2064 22 to to IN 39142 2064 23 vegetation vegetation NN 39142 2064 24 , , , 39142 2064 25 starting start VBG 39142 2064 26 in in IN 39142 2064 27 the the DT 39142 2064 28 spring spring NN 39142 2064 29 when when WRB 39142 2064 30 first first RB 39142 2064 31 seen see VBN 39142 2064 32 and and CC 39142 2064 33 vitalized vitalize VBN 39142 2064 34 by by IN 39142 2064 35 the the DT 39142 2064 36 progress progress NN 39142 2064 37 of of IN 39142 2064 38 the the DT 39142 2064 39 season season NN 39142 2064 40 poleward poleward NN 39142 2064 41 , , , 39142 2064 42 the the DT 39142 2064 43 intensity intensity NN 39142 2064 44 of of IN 39142 2064 45 color color NN 39142 2064 46 of of IN 39142 2064 47 the the DT 39142 2064 48 vegetation vegetation NN 39142 2064 49 coinciding coincide VBG 39142 2064 50 with with IN 39142 2064 51 the the DT 39142 2064 52 progress progress NN 39142 2064 53 of of IN 39142 2064 54 the the DT 39142 2064 55 season season NN 39142 2064 56 as as IN 39142 2064 57 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2064 58 observe observe VBP 39142 2064 59 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2064 60 . . . 39142 2065 1 Extensive extensive JJ 39142 2065 2 irrigation irrigation NN 39142 2065 3 schemes scheme NNS 39142 2065 4 for for IN 39142 2065 5 conducting conduct VBG 39142 2065 6 agricultural agricultural JJ 39142 2065 7 operations operation NNS 39142 2065 8 on on IN 39142 2065 9 a a DT 39142 2065 10 large large JJ 39142 2065 11 scale scale NN 39142 2065 12 seem seem VBP 39142 2065 13 a a DT 39142 2065 14 very very RB 39142 2065 15 plausible plausible JJ 39142 2065 16 explanation explanation NN 39142 2065 17 of of IN 39142 2065 18 the the DT 39142 2065 19 canals canal NNS 39142 2065 20 , , , 39142 2065 21 especially especially RB 39142 2065 22 if if IN 39142 2065 23 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2065 24 regard regard VBP 39142 2065 25 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2065 26 as as IN 39142 2065 27 a a DT 39142 2065 28 world world NN 39142 2065 29 farther farther RB 39142 2065 30 advanced advance VBD 39142 2065 31 in in IN 39142 2065 32 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2065 33 life life NN 39142 2065 34 history history NN 39142 2065 35 than than IN 39142 2065 36 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2065 37 own own JJ 39142 2065 38 . . . 39142 2066 1 Erosion erosion NN 39142 2066 2 may may MD 39142 2066 3 have have VB 39142 2066 4 worn wear VBN 39142 2066 5 the the DT 39142 2066 6 continents continent NNS 39142 2066 7 down down RP 39142 2066 8 to to IN 39142 2066 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2066 10 minimum minimum NN 39142 2066 11 elevation elevation NN 39142 2066 12 , , , 39142 2066 13 rendering render VBG 39142 2066 14 artificial artificial JJ 39142 2066 15 waterways waterway NNS 39142 2066 16 not not RB 39142 2066 17 difficult difficult JJ 39142 2066 18 to to TO 39142 2066 19 build build VB 39142 2066 20 ; ; : 39142 2066 21 while while IN 39142 2066 22 with with IN 39142 2066 23 the the DT 39142 2066 24 vanishing vanish VBG 39142 2066 25 Martian martian JJ 39142 2066 26 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2066 27 and and CC 39142 2066 28 absence absence NN 39142 2066 29 of of IN 39142 2066 30 rains rain NNS 39142 2066 31 , , , 39142 2066 32 the the DT 39142 2066 33 necessity necessity NN 39142 2066 34 of of IN 39142 2066 35 water water NN 39142 2066 36 for for IN 39142 2066 37 the the DT 39142 2066 38 support support NN 39142 2066 39 of of IN 39142 2066 40 animal animal NN 39142 2066 41 and and CC 39142 2066 42 vegetal vegetal JJ 39142 2066 43 life life NN 39142 2066 44 could could MD 39142 2066 45 only only RB 39142 2066 46 be be VB 39142 2066 47 met meet VBN 39142 2066 48 by by IN 39142 2066 49 conducting conduct VBG 39142 2066 50 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2066 51 in in IN 39142 2066 52 artificial artificial JJ 39142 2066 53 channels channel NNS 39142 2066 54 from from IN 39142 2066 55 one one CD 39142 2066 56 region region NN 39142 2066 57 of of IN 39142 2066 58 the the DT 39142 2066 59 planet planet NN 39142 2066 60 to to IN 39142 2066 61 another another DT 39142 2066 62 . . . 39142 2067 1 Interesting interesting JJ 39142 2067 2 as as IN 39142 2067 3 this this DT 39142 2067 4 speculative speculative JJ 39142 2067 5 interpretation interpretation NN 39142 2067 6 is be VBZ 39142 2067 7 , , , 39142 2067 8 however however RB 39142 2067 9 , , , 39142 2067 10 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2067 11 can can MD 39142 2067 12 not not RB 39142 2067 13 pass pass VB 39142 2067 14 by by IN 39142 2067 15 the the DT 39142 2067 16 fact fact NN 39142 2067 17 that that IN 39142 2067 18 many many JJ 39142 2067 19 competent competent JJ 39142 2067 20 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2067 21 with with IN 39142 2067 22 excellent excellent JJ 39142 2067 23 instruments instrument NNS 39142 2067 24 finely finely RB 39142 2067 25 located locate VBN 39142 2067 26 have have VBP 39142 2067 27 been be VBN 39142 2067 28 unable unable JJ 39142 2067 29 to to TO 39142 2067 30 see see VB 39142 2067 31 the the DT 39142 2067 32 canals canal NNS 39142 2067 33 , , , 39142 2067 34 and and CC 39142 2067 35 therefore therefore RB 39142 2067 36 think think VBP 39142 2067 37 the the DT 39142 2067 38 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2067 39 who who WP 39142 2067 40 do do VBP 39142 2067 41 see see VB 39142 2067 42 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2067 43 are be VBP 39142 2067 44 deceived deceive VBN 39142 2067 45 in in IN 39142 2067 46 some some DT 39142 2067 47 way way NN 39142 2067 48 . . . 39142 2068 1 Also also RB 39142 2068 2 many many JJ 39142 2068 3 other other JJ 39142 2068 4 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2068 5 , , , 39142 2068 6 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2068 7 on on IN 39142 2068 8 insufficient insufficient JJ 39142 2068 9 grounds ground NNS 39142 2068 10 , , , 39142 2068 11 deny deny VB 39142 2068 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2068 13 existence existence NN 39142 2068 14 _ _ NNP 39142 2068 15 in in IN 39142 2068 16 toto toto NN 39142 2068 17 _ _ NNP 39142 2068 18 . . . 39142 2069 1 Many many JJ 39142 2069 2 patient patient JJ 39142 2069 3 years year NNS 39142 2069 4 of of IN 39142 2069 5 labor labor NN 39142 2069 6 would would MD 39142 2069 7 be be VB 39142 2069 8 required require VBN 39142 2069 9 to to TO 39142 2069 10 consult consult VB 39142 2069 11 all all PDT 39142 2069 12 the the DT 39142 2069 13 literature literature NN 39142 2069 14 of of IN 39142 2069 15 investigation investigation NN 39142 2069 16 of of IN 39142 2069 17 the the DT 39142 2069 18 planet planet NN 39142 2069 19 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2069 20 , , , 39142 2069 21 but but CC 39142 2069 22 much much JJ 39142 2069 23 of of IN 39142 2069 24 the the DT 39142 2069 25 detail detail NN 39142 2069 26 has have VBZ 39142 2069 27 been be VBN 39142 2069 28 critically critically RB 39142 2069 29 embodied embody VBN 39142 2069 30 in in IN 39142 2069 31 maps map NNS 39142 2069 32 at at IN 39142 2069 33 different different JJ 39142 2069 34 epochs epoch NNS 39142 2069 35 , , , 39142 2069 36 by by IN 39142 2069 37 Kayser Kayser NNP 39142 2069 38 , , , 39142 2069 39 Proctor Proctor NNP 39142 2069 40 , , , 39142 2069 41 Green Green NNP 39142 2069 42 , , , 39142 2069 43 and and CC 39142 2069 44 Dreyer Dreyer NNP 39142 2069 45 . . . 39142 2070 1 And and CC 39142 2070 2 Flammarion Flammarion NNP 39142 2070 3 in in IN 39142 2070 4 two two CD 39142 2070 5 classic classic JJ 39142 2070 6 volumes volume NNS 39142 2070 7 on on IN 39142 2070 8 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2070 9 has have VBZ 39142 2070 10 presented present VBN 39142 2070 11 all all PDT 39142 2070 12 the the DT 39142 2070 13 observations observation NNS 39142 2070 14 from from IN 39142 2070 15 the the DT 39142 2070 16 earliest early JJS 39142 2070 17 time time NN 39142 2070 18 , , , 39142 2070 19 together together RB 39142 2070 20 with with IN 39142 2070 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2070 22 own own JJ 39142 2070 23 interpretation interpretation NN 39142 2070 24 of of IN 39142 2070 25 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2070 26 . . . 39142 2071 1 Areography areography NN 39142 2071 2 is be VBZ 39142 2071 3 a a DT 39142 2071 4 term term NN 39142 2071 5 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 2071 6 applied apply VBN 39142 2071 7 to to IN 39142 2071 8 a a DT 39142 2071 9 description description NN 39142 2071 10 of of IN 39142 2071 11 the the DT 39142 2071 12 surface surface NN 39142 2071 13 of of IN 39142 2071 14 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2071 15 , , , 39142 2071 16 and and CC 39142 2071 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2071 18 is be VBZ 39142 2071 19 scarcely scarcely RB 39142 2071 20 an an DT 39142 2071 21 exaggeration exaggeration NN 39142 2071 22 to to TO 39142 2071 23 say say VB 39142 2071 24 that that IN 39142 2071 25 areography areography NN 39142 2071 26 is be VBZ 39142 2071 27 now now RB 39142 2071 28 better well RBR 39142 2071 29 known know VBN 39142 2071 30 than than IN 39142 2071 31 the the DT 39142 2071 32 geography geography NN 39142 2071 33 of of IN 39142 2071 34 immense immense JJ 39142 2071 35 tracts tract NNS 39142 2071 36 of of IN 39142 2071 37 the the DT 39142 2071 38 earth earth NN 39142 2071 39 . . . 39142 2072 1 For for IN 39142 2072 2 some some DT 39142 2072 3 reason reason NN 39142 2072 4 well well RB 39142 2072 5 recognized recognize VBN 39142 2072 6 , , , 39142 2072 7 though though IN 39142 2072 8 not not RB 39142 2072 9 at at RB 39142 2072 10 all all RB 39142 2072 11 well well RB 39142 2072 12 understood understand VBN 39142 2072 13 , , , 39142 2072 14 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2072 15 although although IN 39142 2072 16 the the DT 39142 2072 17 nearest near JJS 39142 2072 18 of of IN 39142 2072 19 all all PDT 39142 2072 20 the the DT 39142 2072 21 planets planet NNS 39142 2072 22 , , , 39142 2072 23 Venus Venus NNP 39142 2072 24 alone alone RB 39142 2072 25 excepted except VBD 39142 2072 26 , , , 39142 2072 27 is be VBZ 39142 2072 28 an an DT 39142 2072 29 object object NN 39142 2072 30 by by IN 39142 2072 31 no no DT 39142 2072 32 means means NN 39142 2072 33 easy easy JJ 39142 2072 34 to to TO 39142 2072 35 observe observe VB 39142 2072 36 with with IN 39142 2072 37 the the DT 39142 2072 38 telescope telescope NN 39142 2072 39 . . . 39142 2073 1 Possibly possibly RB 39142 2073 2 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2073 3 unusual unusual JJ 39142 2073 4 tint tint NN 39142 2073 5 has have VBZ 39142 2073 6 something something NN 39142 2073 7 to to TO 39142 2073 8 do do VB 39142 2073 9 with with IN 39142 2073 10 this this DT 39142 2073 11 . . . 39142 2074 1 With with IN 39142 2074 2 an an DT 39142 2074 3 ordinary ordinary JJ 39142 2074 4 opera opera NN 39142 2074 5 glass glass NN 39142 2074 6 examine examine VB 39142 2074 7 the the DT 39142 2074 8 moon moon NN 39142 2074 9 very very RB 39142 2074 10 closely closely RB 39142 2074 11 , , , 39142 2074 12 and and CC 39142 2074 13 try try VB 39142 2074 14 to to TO 39142 2074 15 settle settle VB 39142 2074 16 precise precise JJ 39142 2074 17 markings marking NNS 39142 2074 18 , , , 39142 2074 19 colors color NNS 39142 2074 20 , , , 39142 2074 21 and and CC 39142 2074 22 the the DT 39142 2074 23 nature nature NN 39142 2074 24 of of IN 39142 2074 25 objects object NNS 39142 2074 26 on on IN 39142 2074 27 her -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2074 28 surface surface NN 39142 2074 29 ; ; : 39142 2074 30 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2074 31 under under IN 39142 2074 32 the the DT 39142 2074 33 best good JJS 39142 2074 34 conditions condition NNS 39142 2074 35 , , , 39142 2074 36 scrutinized scrutinize VBN 39142 2074 37 with with IN 39142 2074 38 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2074 39 largest large JJS 39142 2074 40 and and CC 39142 2074 41 best good JJS 39142 2074 42 telescope telescope NN 39142 2074 43 , , , 39142 2074 44 presents present VBZ 39142 2074 45 a a DT 39142 2074 46 problem problem NN 39142 2074 47 of of IN 39142 2074 48 about about RB 39142 2074 49 the the DT 39142 2074 50 same same JJ 39142 2074 51 order order NN 39142 2074 52 of of IN 39142 2074 53 difficulty difficulty NN 39142 2074 54 . . . 39142 2075 1 There there EX 39142 2075 2 are be VBP 39142 2075 3 delicate delicate JJ 39142 2075 4 and and CC 39142 2075 5 changing change VBG 39142 2075 6 local local JJ 39142 2075 7 colors color NNS 39142 2075 8 that that WDT 39142 2075 9 add add VBP 39142 2075 10 much much JJ 39142 2075 11 uncertainty uncertainty NN 39142 2075 12 . . . 39142 2076 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 2076 2 , , , 39142 2076 3 the the DT 39142 2076 4 planet planet NN 39142 2076 5 's 's POS 39142 2076 6 leading leading JJ 39142 2076 7 features feature NNS 39142 2076 8 are be VBP 39142 2076 9 well well RB 39142 2076 10 made make VBN 39142 2076 11 out out RP 39142 2076 12 , , , 39142 2076 13 and and CC 39142 2076 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2076 15 stability stability NN 39142 2076 16 since since IN 39142 2076 17 the the DT 39142 2076 18 time time NN 39142 2076 19 of of IN 39142 2076 20 the the DT 39142 2076 21 earliest early JJS 39142 2076 22 observers observer NNS 39142 2076 23 leaves leave VBZ 39142 2076 24 no no DT 39142 2076 25 room room NN 39142 2076 26 to to TO 39142 2076 27 doubt doubt VB 39142 2076 28 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2076 29 reality reality NN 39142 2076 30 as as IN 39142 2076 31 parts part NNS 39142 2076 32 of of IN 39142 2076 33 a a DT 39142 2076 34 permanent permanent JJ 39142 2076 35 planetary planetary NN 39142 2076 36 crust crust NN 39142 2076 37 . . . 39142 2077 1 The the DT 39142 2077 2 border border NN 39142 2077 3 of of IN 39142 2077 4 the the DT 39142 2077 5 Martian martian JJ 39142 2077 6 disk disk NN 39142 2077 7 is be VBZ 39142 2077 8 brighter bright JJR 39142 2077 9 than than IN 39142 2077 10 the the DT 39142 2077 11 interior interior NN 39142 2077 12 , , , 39142 2077 13 but but CC 39142 2077 14 this this DT 39142 2077 15 brightness brightness NN 39142 2077 16 is be VBZ 39142 2077 17 far far RB 39142 2077 18 from from IN 39142 2077 19 uniform uniform NN 39142 2077 20 . . . 39142 2078 1 Variations variation NNS 39142 2078 2 in in IN 39142 2078 3 the the DT 39142 2078 4 color color NN 39142 2078 5 of of IN 39142 2078 6 the the DT 39142 2078 7 markings marking NNS 39142 2078 8 often often RB 39142 2078 9 depend depend VBP 39142 2078 10 on on IN 39142 2078 11 the the DT 39142 2078 12 planet planet NN 39142 2078 13 's 's POS 39142 2078 14 turning turning NN 39142 2078 15 round round NN 39142 2078 16 on on IN 39142 2078 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2078 18 axis axis NN 39142 2078 19 , , , 39142 2078 20 and and CC 39142 2078 21 the the DT 39142 2078 22 relation relation NN 39142 2078 23 of of IN 39142 2078 24 the the DT 39142 2078 25 surface surface NN 39142 2078 26 to to IN 39142 2078 27 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2078 28 angle angle NN 39142 2078 29 of of IN 39142 2078 30 vision vision NN 39142 2078 31 . . . 39142 2079 1 If if IN 39142 2079 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2079 3 keep keep VBP 39142 2079 4 in in IN 39142 2079 5 mind mind NN 39142 2079 6 these these DT 39142 2079 7 obstacles obstacle NNS 39142 2079 8 to to TO 39142 2079 9 perfect perfect VB 39142 2079 10 vision vision NN 39142 2079 11 in in IN 39142 2079 12 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2079 13 own own JJ 39142 2079 14 day day NN 39142 2079 15 , , , 39142 2079 16 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2079 17 is be VBZ 39142 2079 18 easy easy JJ 39142 2079 19 to to TO 39142 2079 20 see see VB 39142 2079 21 why why WRB 39142 2079 22 the the DT 39142 2079 23 early early JJ 39142 2079 24 users user NNS 39142 2079 25 of of IN 39142 2079 26 very very RB 39142 2079 27 imperfect imperfect JJ 39142 2079 28 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 2079 29 failed fail VBD 39142 2079 30 to to TO 39142 2079 31 see see VB 39142 2079 32 very very RB 39142 2079 33 much much RB 39142 2079 34 , , , 39142 2079 35 and and CC 39142 2079 36 were be VBD 39142 2079 37 misled mislead VBN 39142 2079 38 by by IN 39142 2079 39 much much RB 39142 2079 40 that that IN 39142 2079 41 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2079 42 thought think VBD 39142 2079 43 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2079 44 saw see VBD 39142 2079 45 . . . 39142 2080 1 Then then RB 39142 2080 2 , , , 39142 2080 3 too too RB 39142 2080 4 , , , 39142 2080 5 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2080 6 had have VBD 39142 2080 7 to to TO 39142 2080 8 contend contend VB 39142 2080 9 , , , 39142 2080 10 as as IN 39142 2080 11 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2080 12 do do VBP 39142 2080 13 , , , 39142 2080 14 with with IN 39142 2080 15 unsteadiness unsteadiness NN 39142 2080 16 of of IN 39142 2080 17 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2080 18 , , , 39142 2080 19 which which WDT 39142 2080 20 is be VBZ 39142 2080 21 least least RBS 39142 2080 22 troublesome troublesome JJ 39142 2080 23 near near IN 39142 2080 24 the the DT 39142 2080 25 zenith zenith NN 39142 2080 26 . . . 39142 2081 1 As as IN 39142 2081 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2081 3 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 2081 4 were be VBD 39142 2081 5 all all DT 39142 2081 6 located locate VBN 39142 2081 7 in in IN 39142 2081 8 the the DT 39142 2081 9 northern northern JJ 39142 2081 10 hemisphere hemisphere NN 39142 2081 11 , , , 39142 2081 12 the the DT 39142 2081 13 northern northern JJ 39142 2081 14 hemisphere hemisphere NN 39142 2081 15 of of IN 39142 2081 16 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2081 17 is be VBZ 39142 2081 18 the the DT 39142 2081 19 one one CD 39142 2081 20 best well RBS 39142 2081 21 circumstanced circumstance VBD 39142 2081 22 for for IN 39142 2081 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2081 24 investigation investigation NN 39142 2081 25 ; ; : 39142 2081 26 because because IN 39142 2081 27 at at IN 39142 2081 28 the the DT 39142 2081 29 remote remote JJ 39142 2081 30 oppositions opposition NNS 39142 2081 31 of of IN 39142 2081 32 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2081 33 , , , 39142 2081 34 which which WDT 39142 2081 35 always always RB 39142 2081 36 happen happen VBP 39142 2081 37 in in IN 39142 2081 38 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2081 39 northern northern JJ 39142 2081 40 winter winter NN 39142 2081 41 with with IN 39142 2081 42 the the DT 39142 2081 43 planet planet NN 39142 2081 44 in in IN 39142 2081 45 high high JJ 39142 2081 46 north north NN 39142 2081 47 declination declination NN 39142 2081 48 , , , 39142 2081 49 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2081 50 is be VBZ 39142 2081 51 always always RB 39142 2081 52 the the DT 39142 2081 53 north north JJ 39142 2081 54 pole pole NN 39142 2081 55 of of IN 39142 2081 56 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2081 57 which which WDT 39142 2081 58 is be VBZ 39142 2081 59 presented present VBN 39142 2081 60 to to IN 39142 2081 61 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2081 62 view view NN 39142 2081 63 . . . 39142 2082 1 Whereas whereas IN 39142 2082 2 the the DT 39142 2082 3 close close JJ 39142 2082 4 oppositions opposition NNS 39142 2082 5 of of IN 39142 2082 6 the the DT 39142 2082 7 planet planet NN 39142 2082 8 always always RB 39142 2082 9 come come VB 39142 2082 10 in in IN 39142 2082 11 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2082 12 northern northern JJ 39142 2082 13 midsummer midsummer NN 39142 2082 14 , , , 39142 2082 15 with with IN 39142 2082 16 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2082 17 in in IN 39142 2082 18 south south JJ 39142 2082 19 declination declination NN 39142 2082 20 and and CC 39142 2082 21 therefore therefore RB 39142 2082 22 passing pass VBG 39142 2082 23 through through IN 39142 2082 24 the the DT 39142 2082 25 zenith zenith NN 39142 2082 26 of of IN 39142 2082 27 places place NNS 39142 2082 28 in in IN 39142 2082 29 corresponding correspond VBG 39142 2082 30 south south JJ 39142 2082 31 latitude latitude NN 39142 2082 32 . . . 39142 2083 1 With with IN 39142 2083 2 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2083 3 near near IN 39142 2083 4 opposition opposition NN 39142 2083 5 , , , 39142 2083 6 high high JJ 39142 2083 7 up up RB 39142 2083 8 from from IN 39142 2083 9 the the DT 39142 2083 10 horizon horizon NN 39142 2083 11 , , , 39142 2083 12 a a DT 39142 2083 13 fairly fairly RB 39142 2083 14 steady steady JJ 39142 2083 15 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2083 16 , , , 39142 2083 17 and and CC 39142 2083 18 a a DT 39142 2083 19 magnifying magnify VBG 39142 2083 20 power power NN 39142 2083 21 of of IN 39142 2083 22 at at RB 39142 2083 23 least least RBS 39142 2083 24 200 200 CD 39142 2083 25 diameters diameter NNS 39142 2083 26 , , , 39142 2083 27 even even RB 39142 2083 28 the the DT 39142 2083 29 most most RBS 39142 2083 30 casual casual JJ 39142 2083 31 observer observer NN 39142 2083 32 could could MD 39142 2083 33 not not RB 39142 2083 34 fail fail VB 39142 2083 35 to to TO 39142 2083 36 notice notice VB 39142 2083 37 the the DT 39142 2083 38 striking strike VBG 39142 2083 39 difference difference NN 39142 2083 40 in in IN 39142 2083 41 brightness brightness NN 39142 2083 42 of of IN 39142 2083 43 the the DT 39142 2083 44 two two CD 39142 2083 45 hemispheres hemisphere NNS 39142 2083 46 : : : 39142 2083 47 the the DT 39142 2083 48 northern northern JJ 39142 2083 49 chiefly chiefly RB 39142 2083 50 bright bright JJ 39142 2083 51 and and CC 39142 2083 52 the the DT 39142 2083 53 southern southern JJ 39142 2083 54 markedly markedly RB 39142 2083 55 dark dark JJ 39142 2083 56 . . . 39142 2084 1 Formerly formerly RB 39142 2084 2 this this DT 39142 2084 3 was be VBD 39142 2084 4 thought think VBN 39142 2084 5 to to TO 39142 2084 6 indicate indicate VB 39142 2084 7 that that IN 39142 2084 8 the the DT 39142 2084 9 southern southern JJ 39142 2084 10 hemisphere hemisphere NN 39142 2084 11 of of IN 39142 2084 12 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2084 13 was be VBD 39142 2084 14 chiefly chiefly RB 39142 2084 15 water water NN 39142 2084 16 and and CC 39142 2084 17 the the DT 39142 2084 18 northern northern JJ 39142 2084 19 land land NN 39142 2084 20 , , , 39142 2084 21 much much RB 39142 2084 22 as as IN 39142 2084 23 is be VBZ 39142 2084 24 the the DT 39142 2084 25 case case NN 39142 2084 26 on on IN 39142 2084 27 the the DT 39142 2084 28 earth earth NN 39142 2084 29 : : : 39142 2084 30 with with IN 39142 2084 31 this this DT 39142 2084 32 difference difference NN 39142 2084 33 , , , 39142 2084 34 however however RB 39142 2084 35 , , , 39142 2084 36 that that DT 39142 2084 37 water water NN 39142 2084 38 and and CC 39142 2084 39 land land NN 39142 2084 40 on on IN 39142 2084 41 the the DT 39142 2084 42 earth earth NN 39142 2084 43 are be VBP 39142 2084 44 proportioned proportion VBN 39142 2084 45 about about IN 39142 2084 46 as as IN 39142 2084 47 eleven eleven CD 39142 2084 48 to to IN 39142 2084 49 four four CD 39142 2084 50 . . . 39142 2085 1 But but CC 39142 2085 2 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2085 3 in in IN 39142 2085 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2085 5 general general JJ 39142 2085 6 topography topography NN 39142 2085 7 presents present VBZ 39142 2085 8 no no DT 39142 2085 9 analogy analogy NN 39142 2085 10 with with IN 39142 2085 11 the the DT 39142 2085 12 present present JJ 39142 2085 13 relation relation NN 39142 2085 14 of of IN 39142 2085 15 land land NN 39142 2085 16 and and CC 39142 2085 17 water water NN 39142 2085 18 on on IN 39142 2085 19 the the DT 39142 2085 20 earth earth NN 39142 2085 21 . . . 39142 2086 1 There there EX 39142 2086 2 seems seem VBZ 39142 2086 3 no no DT 39142 2086 4 reason reason NN 39142 2086 5 to to TO 39142 2086 6 doubt doubt VB 39142 2086 7 that that IN 39142 2086 8 the the DT 39142 2086 9 northern northern JJ 39142 2086 10 regions region NNS 39142 2086 11 with with IN 39142 2086 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2086 13 prevailing prevail VBG 39142 2086 14 orange orange NN 39142 2086 15 tint tint NN 39142 2086 16 , , , 39142 2086 17 in in IN 39142 2086 18 some some DT 39142 2086 19 places place NNS 39142 2086 20 a a DT 39142 2086 21 dark dark JJ 39142 2086 22 red red NN 39142 2086 23 and and CC 39142 2086 24 in in IN 39142 2086 25 others other NNS 39142 2086 26 fading fade VBG 39142 2086 27 to to IN 39142 2086 28 yellow yellow JJ 39142 2086 29 and and CC 39142 2086 30 white white JJ 39142 2086 31 , , , 39142 2086 32 are be VBP 39142 2086 33 really really RB 39142 2086 34 continental continental JJ 39142 2086 35 in in IN 39142 2086 36 character character NN 39142 2086 37 . . . 39142 2087 1 Other other JJ 39142 2087 2 vast vast JJ 39142 2087 3 regions region NNS 39142 2087 4 of of IN 39142 2087 5 the the DT 39142 2087 6 Martian martian JJ 39142 2087 7 surface surface NN 39142 2087 8 are be VBP 39142 2087 9 possibly possibly RB 39142 2087 10 marshy marshy JJ 39142 2087 11 , , , 39142 2087 12 the the DT 39142 2087 13 varying vary VBG 39142 2087 14 depth depth NN 39142 2087 15 of of IN 39142 2087 16 water water NN 39142 2087 17 causing cause VBG 39142 2087 18 the the DT 39142 2087 19 diversity diversity NN 39142 2087 20 of of IN 39142 2087 21 color color NN 39142 2087 22 . . . 39142 2088 1 If if IN 39142 2088 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2088 3 could could MD 39142 2088 4 ever ever RB 39142 2088 5 catch catch VB 39142 2088 6 a a DT 39142 2088 7 reflection reflection NN 39142 2088 8 of of IN 39142 2088 9 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 2088 10 from from IN 39142 2088 11 any any DT 39142 2088 12 part part NN 39142 2088 13 of of IN 39142 2088 14 the the DT 39142 2088 15 surface surface NN 39142 2088 16 of of IN 39142 2088 17 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2088 18 , , , 39142 2088 19 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2088 20 might may MD 39142 2088 21 conclude conclude VB 39142 2088 22 that that IN 39142 2088 23 deep deep JJ 39142 2088 24 water water NN 39142 2088 25 exists exist VBZ 39142 2088 26 on on IN 39142 2088 27 the the DT 39142 2088 28 planet planet NN 39142 2088 29 ; ; : 39142 2088 30 but but CC 39142 2088 31 the the DT 39142 2088 32 farther farther JJ 39142 2088 33 research research NN 39142 2088 34 progresses progress VBZ 39142 2088 35 , , , 39142 2088 36 the the DT 39142 2088 37 more more RBR 39142 2088 38 complete complete JJ 39142 2088 39 becomes become VBZ 39142 2088 40 the the DT 39142 2088 41 evidence evidence NN 39142 2088 42 that that IN 39142 2088 43 permanent permanent JJ 39142 2088 44 water water NN 39142 2088 45 areas area NNS 39142 2088 46 on on IN 39142 2088 47 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2088 48 , , , 39142 2088 49 if if IN 39142 2088 50 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2088 51 exist exist VBP 39142 2088 52 at at RB 39142 2088 53 all all RB 39142 2088 54 , , , 39142 2088 55 are be VBP 39142 2088 56 extremely extremely RB 39142 2088 57 limited limited JJ 39142 2088 58 . . . 39142 2089 1 Since since IN 39142 2089 2 1877 1877 CD 39142 2089 3 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2089 4 has have VBZ 39142 2089 5 been be VBN 39142 2089 6 known know VBN 39142 2089 7 to to TO 39142 2089 8 possess possess VB 39142 2089 9 two two CD 39142 2089 10 satellites satellite NNS 39142 2089 11 , , , 39142 2089 12 which which WDT 39142 2089 13 were be VBD 39142 2089 14 discovered discover VBN 39142 2089 15 in in IN 39142 2089 16 August August NNP 39142 2089 17 of of IN 39142 2089 18 that that DT 39142 2089 19 year year NN 39142 2089 20 by by IN 39142 2089 21 Hall Hall NNP 39142 2089 22 at at IN 39142 2089 23 Washington Washington NNP 39142 2089 24 . . . 39142 2090 1 Moons moon NNS 39142 2090 2 of of IN 39142 2090 3 this this DT 39142 2090 4 planet planet NN 39142 2090 5 had have VBD 39142 2090 6 long long RB 39142 2090 7 been be VBN 39142 2090 8 suspected suspect VBN 39142 2090 9 to to TO 39142 2090 10 exist exist VB 39142 2090 11 and and CC 39142 2090 12 on on IN 39142 2090 13 one one CD 39142 2090 14 or or CC 39142 2090 15 two two CD 39142 2090 16 previous previous JJ 39142 2090 17 occasions occasion NNS 39142 2090 18 critically critically RB 39142 2090 19 looked look VBD 39142 2090 20 for for IN 39142 2090 21 , , , 39142 2090 22 though though RB 39142 2090 23 without without IN 39142 2090 24 success success NN 39142 2090 25 . . . 39142 2091 1 In in IN 39142 2091 2 the the DT 39142 2091 3 writings writing NNS 39142 2091 4 of of IN 39142 2091 5 Dean Dean NNP 39142 2091 6 Swift Swift NNP 39142 2091 7 there there EX 39142 2091 8 is be VBZ 39142 2091 9 a a DT 39142 2091 10 fanciful fanciful JJ 39142 2091 11 allusion allusion NN 39142 2091 12 to to IN 39142 2091 13 the the DT 39142 2091 14 two two CD 39142 2091 15 moons moon NNS 39142 2091 16 of of IN 39142 2091 17 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2091 18 ; ; : 39142 2091 19 and and CC 39142 2091 20 if if IN 39142 2091 21 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2091 22 had have VBD 39142 2091 23 chanced chance VBN 39142 2091 24 to to TO 39142 2091 25 give give VB 39142 2091 26 serious serious JJ 39142 2091 27 attention attention NN 39142 2091 28 to to IN 39142 2091 29 this this DT 39142 2091 30 , , , 39142 2091 31 Phobos Phobos NNP 39142 2091 32 and and CC 39142 2091 33 Deimos Deimos NNP 39142 2091 34 , , , 39142 2091 35 as as IN 39142 2091 36 Hall Hall NNP 39142 2091 37 named name VBD 39142 2091 38 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2091 39 , , , 39142 2091 40 might may MD 39142 2091 41 have have VB 39142 2091 42 been be VBN 39142 2091 43 discovered discover VBN 39142 2091 44 long long RB 39142 2091 45 before before RB 39142 2091 46 . . . 39142 2092 1 They -PRON- PRP 39142 2092 2 are be VBP 39142 2092 3 very very RB 39142 2092 4 small small JJ 39142 2092 5 bodies body NNS 39142 2092 6 , , , 39142 2092 7 not not RB 39142 2092 8 only only RB 39142 2092 9 faint faint JJ 39142 2092 10 in in IN 39142 2092 11 the the DT 39142 2092 12 telescope telescope NN 39142 2092 13 , , , 39142 2092 14 but but CC 39142 2092 15 actually actually RB 39142 2092 16 of of IN 39142 2092 17 only only RB 39142 2092 18 ten ten CD 39142 2092 19 or or CC 39142 2092 20 twenty twenty CD 39142 2092 21 miles mile NNS 39142 2092 22 diameter diameter NN 39142 2092 23 ; ; : 39142 2092 24 and and CC 39142 2092 25 from from IN 39142 2092 26 the the DT 39142 2092 27 strange strange JJ 39142 2092 28 relation relation NN 39142 2092 29 that that WDT 39142 2092 30 Phobos Phobos NNP 39142 2092 31 , , , 39142 2092 32 the the DT 39142 2092 33 inner inner JJ 39142 2092 34 moon moon NN 39142 2092 35 , , , 39142 2092 36 moves move VBZ 39142 2092 37 round round IN 39142 2092 38 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2092 39 three three CD 39142 2092 40 times time NNS 39142 2092 41 while while IN 39142 2092 42 the the DT 39142 2092 43 planet planet NN 39142 2092 44 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 2092 45 is be VBZ 39142 2092 46 turning turn VBG 39142 2092 47 round round RB 39142 2092 48 only only RB 39142 2092 49 once once RB 39142 2092 50 on on IN 39142 2092 51 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2092 52 axis axis NN 39142 2092 53 , , , 39142 2092 54 some some DT 39142 2092 55 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2092 56 incline incline VBP 39142 2092 57 to to IN 39142 2092 58 the the DT 39142 2092 59 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 2092 60 that that IN 39142 2092 61 this this DT 39142 2092 62 moon moon NN 39142 2092 63 at at RB 39142 2092 64 least least JJS 39142 2092 65 was be VBD 39142 2092 66 never never RB 39142 2092 67 part part NN 39142 2092 68 of of IN 39142 2092 69 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2092 70 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 2092 71 , , , 39142 2092 72 but but CC 39142 2092 73 that that IN 39142 2092 74 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2092 75 was be VBD 39142 2092 76 originally originally RB 39142 2092 77 an an DT 39142 2092 78 inner inner JJ 39142 2092 79 or or CC 39142 2092 80 very very RB 39142 2092 81 eccentric eccentric JJ 39142 2092 82 member member NN 39142 2092 83 of of IN 39142 2092 84 the the DT 39142 2092 85 asteroid asteroid NNP 39142 2092 86 group group NN 39142 2092 87 , , , 39142 2092 88 which which WDT 39142 2092 89 ventured venture VBD 39142 2092 90 within within IN 39142 2092 91 the the DT 39142 2092 92 sphere sphere NN 39142 2092 93 of of IN 39142 2092 94 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 2092 95 of of IN 39142 2092 96 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2092 97 , , , 39142 2092 98 was be VBD 39142 2092 99 captured capture VBN 39142 2092 100 by by IN 39142 2092 101 that that DT 39142 2092 102 planet planet NN 39142 2092 103 , , , 39142 2092 104 and and CC 39142 2092 105 has have VBZ 39142 2092 106 ever ever RB 39142 2092 107 since since IN 39142 2092 108 been be VBN 39142 2092 109 tributary tributary JJ 39142 2092 110 to to IN 39142 2092 111 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2092 112 as as IN 39142 2092 113 a a DT 39142 2092 114 secondary secondary JJ 39142 2092 115 body body NN 39142 2092 116 or or CC 39142 2092 117 satellite satellite NN 39142 2092 118 . . . 39142 2093 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 2093 2 XXXIV XXXIV NNP 39142 2093 3 LIFE life NN 39142 2093 4 IN in IN 39142 2093 5 OTHER other JJ 39142 2093 6 WORLDS WORLDS NNP 39142 2093 7 Popular popular JJ 39142 2093 8 interest interest NN 39142 2093 9 in in IN 39142 2093 10 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 2093 11 is be VBZ 39142 2093 12 exceedingly exceedingly RB 39142 2093 13 wide wide JJ 39142 2093 14 , , , 39142 2093 15 but but CC 39142 2093 16 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2093 17 is be VBZ 39142 2093 18 very very RB 39142 2093 19 largely largely RB 39142 2093 20 confined confine VBN 39142 2093 21 to to IN 39142 2093 22 the the DT 39142 2093 23 idea idea NN 39142 2093 24 of of IN 39142 2093 25 resemblances resemblance NNS 39142 2093 26 and and CC 39142 2093 27 differences difference NNS 39142 2093 28 between between IN 39142 2093 29 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2093 30 earth earth NN 39142 2093 31 and and CC 39142 2093 32 the the DT 39142 2093 33 bodies body NNS 39142 2093 34 of of IN 39142 2093 35 the the DT 39142 2093 36 sky sky NN 39142 2093 37 . . . 39142 2094 1 The the DT 39142 2094 2 question question NN 39142 2094 3 most most RBS 39142 2094 4 frequently frequently RB 39142 2094 5 asked ask VBD 39142 2094 6 the the DT 39142 2094 7 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 2094 8 is be VBZ 39142 2094 9 , , , 39142 2094 10 " " `` 39142 2094 11 Have have VB 39142 2094 12 any any DT 39142 2094 13 of of IN 39142 2094 14 the the DT 39142 2094 15 stars star NNS 39142 2094 16 got get VBD 39142 2094 17 people people NNS 39142 2094 18 on on IN 39142 2094 19 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2094 20 ? ? . 39142 2094 21 " " '' 39142 2095 1 Or or CC 39142 2095 2 more more RBR 39142 2095 3 specifically specifically RB 39142 2095 4 , , , 39142 2095 5 " " '' 39142 2095 6 Is be VBZ 39142 2095 7 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2095 8 inhabited inhabit VBN 39142 2095 9 ? ? . 39142 2095 10 " " '' 39142 2096 1 The the DT 39142 2096 2 average average JJ 39142 2096 3 questioner questioner NN 39142 2096 4 will will MD 39142 2096 5 not not RB 39142 2096 6 readily readily RB 39142 2096 7 be be VB 39142 2096 8 turned turn VBN 39142 2096 9 off off RP 39142 2096 10 with with IN 39142 2096 11 yes yes UH 39142 2096 12 or or CC 39142 2096 13 no no UH 39142 2096 14 for for IN 39142 2096 15 an an DT 39142 2096 16 answer answer NN 39142 2096 17 . . . 39142 2097 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 2097 2 may may MD 39142 2097 3 or or CC 39142 2097 4 may may MD 39142 2097 5 not not RB 39142 2097 6 know know VB 39142 2097 7 that that IN 39142 2097 8 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2097 9 is be VBZ 39142 2097 10 quite quite RB 39142 2097 11 impossible impossible JJ 39142 2097 12 for for IN 39142 2097 13 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2097 14 to to TO 39142 2097 15 ascertain ascertain VB 39142 2097 16 anything anything NN 39142 2097 17 definite definite JJ 39142 2097 18 in in IN 39142 2097 19 this this DT 39142 2097 20 matter matter NN 39142 2097 21 , , , 39142 2097 22 most most RBS 39142 2097 23 interesting interesting JJ 39142 2097 24 as as IN 39142 2097 25 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2097 26 is be VBZ 39142 2097 27 . . . 39142 2098 1 What what WP 39142 2098 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2098 3 wants want VBZ 39142 2098 4 to to TO 39142 2098 5 find find VB 39142 2098 6 out out RP 39142 2098 7 is be VBZ 39142 2098 8 the the DT 39142 2098 9 view view NN 39142 2098 10 of of IN 39142 2098 11 the the DT 39142 2098 12 individual individual JJ 39142 2098 13 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 2098 14 on on IN 39142 2098 15 this this DT 39142 2098 16 absorbing absorbing NN 39142 2098 17 and and CC 39142 2098 18 ever ever RB 39142 2098 19 recurring recur VBG 39142 2098 20 inquiry inquiry NN 39142 2098 21 . . . 39142 2099 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 2099 2 ought ought MD 39142 2099 3 first first RB 39142 2099 4 to to TO 39142 2099 5 understand understand VB 39142 2099 6 what what WP 39142 2099 7 is be VBZ 39142 2099 8 meant mean VBN 39142 2099 9 by by IN 39142 2099 10 the the DT 39142 2099 11 manifestation manifestation NN 39142 2099 12 here here RB 39142 2099 13 on on IN 39142 2099 14 the the DT 39142 2099 15 earth earth NN 39142 2099 16 called call VBN 39142 2099 17 life life NN 39142 2099 18 , , , 39142 2099 19 and and CC 39142 2099 20 agree agree VB 39142 2099 21 concerning concern VBG 39142 2099 22 the the DT 39142 2099 23 conditions condition NNS 39142 2099 24 that that WDT 39142 2099 25 render render VBP 39142 2099 26 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2099 27 possible possible JJ 39142 2099 28 . . . 39142 2100 1 Apparently apparently RB 39142 2100 2 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2100 3 are be VBP 39142 2100 4 very very RB 39142 2100 5 simple simple JJ 39142 2100 6 . . . 39142 2101 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 2101 2 may may MD 39142 2101 3 or or CC 39142 2101 4 may may MD 39142 2101 5 not not RB 39142 2101 6 agree agree VB 39142 2101 7 that that IN 39142 2101 8 a a DT 39142 2101 9 counterpart counterpart NN 39142 2101 10 of of IN 39142 2101 11 life life NN 39142 2101 12 , , , 39142 2101 13 or or CC 39142 2101 14 life life NN 39142 2101 15 of of IN 39142 2101 16 a a DT 39142 2101 17 wholly wholly RB 39142 2101 18 different different JJ 39142 2101 19 type type NN 39142 2101 20 from from IN 39142 2101 21 ours our NNS 39142 2101 22 , , , 39142 2101 23 may may MD 39142 2101 24 exist exist VB 39142 2101 25 on on IN 39142 2101 26 other other JJ 39142 2101 27 planets planet NNS 39142 2101 28 under under IN 39142 2101 29 conditions condition NNS 39142 2101 30 wholly wholly RB 39142 2101 31 diverse diverse JJ 39142 2101 32 from from IN 39142 2101 33 those those DT 39142 2101 34 recognized recognize VBN 39142 2101 35 as as IN 39142 2101 36 essential essential JJ 39142 2101 37 to to IN 39142 2101 38 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2101 39 existence existence NN 39142 2101 40 here here RB 39142 2101 41 . . . 39142 2102 1 The the DT 39142 2102 2 problem problem NN 39142 2102 3 of of IN 39142 2102 4 the the DT 39142 2102 5 origin origin NN 39142 2102 6 of of IN 39142 2102 7 life life NN 39142 2102 8 is be VBZ 39142 2102 9 , , , 39142 2102 10 in in IN 39142 2102 11 the the DT 39142 2102 12 present present JJ 39142 2102 13 state state NN 39142 2102 14 of of IN 39142 2102 15 knowledge knowledge NN 39142 2102 16 , , , 39142 2102 17 highly highly RB 39142 2102 18 speculative speculative JJ 39142 2102 19 and and CC 39142 2102 20 hardly hardly RB 39142 2102 21 within within IN 39142 2102 22 the the DT 39142 2102 23 domain domain NN 39142 2102 24 of of IN 39142 2102 25 science science NN 39142 2102 26 . . . 39142 2103 1 Here here RB 39142 2103 2 on on IN 39142 2103 3 earth earth NN 39142 2103 4 , , , 39142 2103 5 life life NN 39142 2103 6 is be VBZ 39142 2103 7 intimately intimately RB 39142 2103 8 associated associate VBN 39142 2103 9 with with IN 39142 2103 10 certain certain JJ 39142 2103 11 chemical chemical NN 39142 2103 12 compounds compound NNS 39142 2103 13 , , , 39142 2103 14 in in IN 39142 2103 15 which which WDT 39142 2103 16 carbon carbon NN 39142 2103 17 is be VBZ 39142 2103 18 the the DT 39142 2103 19 common common JJ 39142 2103 20 element element NN 39142 2103 21 without without IN 39142 2103 22 which which WDT 39142 2103 23 life life NN 39142 2103 24 would would MD 39142 2103 25 not not RB 39142 2103 26 exist exist VB 39142 2103 27 . . . 39142 2104 1 Also also RB 39142 2104 2 hydrogen hydrogen NN 39142 2104 3 , , , 39142 2104 4 oxygen oxygen NN 39142 2104 5 , , , 39142 2104 6 and and CC 39142 2104 7 nitrogen nitrogen NN 39142 2104 8 are be VBP 39142 2104 9 present present JJ 39142 2104 10 , , , 39142 2104 11 with with IN 39142 2104 12 iron iron NN 39142 2104 13 , , , 39142 2104 14 sulphur sulphur NNP 39142 2104 15 , , , 39142 2104 16 phosphorus phosphorus NN 39142 2104 17 , , , 39142 2104 18 magnesium magnesium NN 39142 2104 19 and and CC 39142 2104 20 a a DT 39142 2104 21 few few JJ 39142 2104 22 less less RBR 39142 2104 23 important important JJ 39142 2104 24 elements element NNS 39142 2104 25 besides besides RB 39142 2104 26 . . . 39142 2105 1 But but CC 39142 2105 2 carbon carbon NN 39142 2105 3 is be VBZ 39142 2105 4 the the DT 39142 2105 5 only only JJ 39142 2105 6 substance substance NN 39142 2105 7 absolutely absolutely RB 39142 2105 8 essential essential JJ 39142 2105 9 . . . 39142 2106 1 Protoplasm protoplasm NN 39142 2106 2 can can MD 39142 2106 3 not not RB 39142 2106 4 be be VB 39142 2106 5 built build VBN 39142 2106 6 without without IN 39142 2106 7 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2106 8 , , , 39142 2106 9 and and CC 39142 2106 10 protoplasm protoplasm NN 39142 2106 11 makes make VBZ 39142 2106 12 up up RP 39142 2106 13 the the DT 39142 2106 14 most most JJS 39142 2106 15 of of IN 39142 2106 16 the the DT 39142 2106 17 living live VBG 39142 2106 18 cell cell NN 39142 2106 19 . . . 39142 2107 1 Closely closely RB 39142 2107 2 related related JJ 39142 2107 3 to to IN 39142 2107 4 carbon carbon NN 39142 2107 5 is be VBZ 39142 2107 6 silica silica NN 39142 2107 7 also also RB 39142 2107 8 , , , 39142 2107 9 as as IN 39142 2107 10 a a DT 39142 2107 11 substitution substitution NN 39142 2107 12 in in IN 39142 2107 13 certain certain JJ 39142 2107 14 organic organic JJ 39142 2107 15 compounds compound NNS 39142 2107 16 . . . 39142 2108 1 Protoplasm protoplasm NN 39142 2108 2 is be VBZ 39142 2108 3 able able JJ 39142 2108 4 to to TO 39142 2108 5 stand stand VB 39142 2108 6 very very RB 39142 2108 7 low low JJ 39142 2108 8 temperatures temperature NNS 39142 2108 9 , , , 39142 2108 10 but but CC 39142 2108 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2108 12 properties property NNS 39142 2108 13 as as IN 39142 2108 14 a a DT 39142 2108 15 living live VBG 39142 2108 16 cell cell NN 39142 2108 17 cease cease NN 39142 2108 18 when when WRB 39142 2108 19 the the DT 39142 2108 20 temperature temperature NN 39142 2108 21 reaches reach VBZ 39142 2108 22 150 150 CD 39142 2108 23 Fahrenheit Fahrenheit NNP 39142 2108 24 . . . 39142 2109 1 Animal animal JJ 39142 2109 2 life life NN 39142 2109 3 as as IN 39142 2109 4 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2109 5 exists exist VBZ 39142 2109 6 on on IN 39142 2109 7 the the DT 39142 2109 8 earth earth NN 39142 2109 9 to to IN 39142 2109 10 - - HYPH 39142 2109 11 day day NN 39142 2109 12 appears appear VBZ 39142 2109 13 to to TO 39142 2109 14 have have VB 39142 2109 15 been be VBN 39142 2109 16 here here RB 39142 2109 17 many many JJ 39142 2109 18 million million CD 39142 2109 19 years year NNS 39142 2109 20 . . . 39142 2110 1 The the DT 39142 2110 2 palæontologists palæontologist NNS 39142 2110 3 agree agree VBP 39142 2110 4 that that IN 39142 2110 5 all all DT 39142 2110 6 life life NN 39142 2110 7 originated originate VBD 39142 2110 8 in in IN 39142 2110 9 the the DT 39142 2110 10 waters water NNS 39142 2110 11 of of IN 39142 2110 12 the the DT 39142 2110 13 earth earth NN 39142 2110 14 . . . 39142 2111 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 2111 2 has have VBZ 39142 2111 3 passed pass VBN 39142 2111 4 through through IN 39142 2111 5 evolutionary evolutionary JJ 39142 2111 6 stages stage NNS 39142 2111 7 from from IN 39142 2111 8 the the DT 39142 2111 9 lowest low JJS 39142 2111 10 to to IN 39142 2111 11 the the DT 39142 2111 12 highest high JJS 39142 2111 13 . . . 39142 2112 1 Throughout throughout IN 39142 2112 2 this this DT 39142 2112 3 vast vast JJ 39142 2112 4 period period NN 39142 2112 5 the the DT 39142 2112 6 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 2112 7 is be VBZ 39142 2112 8 able able JJ 39142 2112 9 to to TO 39142 2112 10 say say VB 39142 2112 11 that that IN 39142 2112 12 the the DT 39142 2112 13 conditions condition NNS 39142 2112 14 of of IN 39142 2112 15 the the DT 39142 2112 16 earth earth NN 39142 2112 17 which which WDT 39142 2112 18 appear appear VBP 39142 2112 19 to to TO 39142 2112 20 be be VB 39142 2112 21 essential essential JJ 39142 2112 22 to to IN 39142 2112 23 the the DT 39142 2112 24 maintenance maintenance NN 39142 2112 25 of of IN 39142 2112 26 life life NN 39142 2112 27 have have VBP 39142 2112 28 been be VBN 39142 2112 29 pretty pretty RB 39142 2112 30 constantly constantly RB 39142 2112 31 what what WP 39142 2112 32 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2112 33 are be VBP 39142 2112 34 to to IN 39142 2112 35 - - HYPH 39142 2112 36 day day NN 39142 2112 37 . . . 39142 2113 1 The the DT 39142 2113 2 higher high JJR 39142 2113 3 the the DT 39142 2113 4 type type NN 39142 2113 5 of of IN 39142 2113 6 life life NN 39142 2113 7 , , , 39142 2113 8 the the DT 39142 2113 9 narrower narrow JJR 39142 2113 10 the the DT 39142 2113 11 range range NN 39142 2113 12 of of IN 39142 2113 13 conditions condition NNS 39142 2113 14 under under IN 39142 2113 15 which which WDT 39142 2113 16 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2113 17 thrives thrive VBZ 39142 2113 18 . . . 39142 2114 1 Man man NN 39142 2114 2 can can MD 39142 2114 3 exist exist VB 39142 2114 4 at at IN 39142 2114 5 the the DT 39142 2114 6 frigid frigid JJ 39142 2114 7 poles pole NNS 39142 2114 8 even even RB 39142 2114 9 if if IN 39142 2114 10 the the DT 39142 2114 11 temperature temperature NN 39142 2114 12 is be VBZ 39142 2114 13 75 75 CD 39142 2114 14 degrees degree NNS 39142 2114 15 below below IN 39142 2114 16 Fahrenheit Fahrenheit NNP 39142 2114 17 zero zero CD 39142 2114 18 ; ; : 39142 2114 19 and and CC 39142 2114 20 in in IN 39142 2114 21 the the DT 39142 2114 22 deserts desert NNS 39142 2114 23 and and CC 39142 2114 24 the the DT 39142 2114 25 tropics tropic NNS 39142 2114 26 , , , 39142 2114 27 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2114 28 swelters swelter VBZ 39142 2114 29 under under IN 39142 2114 30 temperatures temperature NNS 39142 2114 31 of of IN 39142 2114 32 115 115 CD 39142 2114 33 degrees degree NNS 39142 2114 34 , , , 39142 2114 35 but but CC 39142 2114 36 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2114 37 still still RB 39142 2114 38 lives live VBZ 39142 2114 39 . . . 39142 2115 1 At at IN 39142 2115 2 these these DT 39142 2115 3 extremes extreme NNS 39142 2115 4 , , , 39142 2115 5 however however RB 39142 2115 6 , , , 39142 2115 7 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2115 8 can can MD 39142 2115 9 scarcely scarcely RB 39142 2115 10 be be VB 39142 2115 11 said say VBN 39142 2115 12 to to TO 39142 2115 13 thrive thrive VB 39142 2115 14 . . . 39142 2116 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 2116 2 have have VBP 39142 2116 3 , , , 39142 2116 4 then then RB 39142 2116 5 , , , 39142 2116 6 a a DT 39142 2116 7 relatively relatively RB 39142 2116 8 narrow narrow JJ 39142 2116 9 range range NN 39142 2116 10 of of IN 39142 2116 11 temperatures temperature NNS 39142 2116 12 which which WDT 39142 2116 13 seems seem VBZ 39142 2116 14 to to TO 39142 2116 15 be be VB 39142 2116 16 essential essential JJ 39142 2116 17 to to IN 39142 2116 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2116 19 comfortable comfortable JJ 39142 2116 20 existence existence NN 39142 2116 21 and and CC 39142 2116 22 development development NN 39142 2116 23 : : : 39142 2116 24 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2116 25 may may MD 39142 2116 26 call call VB 39142 2116 27 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2116 28 150 150 CD 39142 2116 29 degrees degree NNS 39142 2116 30 in in IN 39142 2116 31 extent extent NN 39142 2116 32 . . . 39142 2117 1 Had have VBD 39142 2117 2 not not RB 39142 2117 3 the the DT 39142 2117 4 surface surface NN 39142 2117 5 temperature temperature NN 39142 2117 6 of of IN 39142 2117 7 the the DT 39142 2117 8 earth earth NN 39142 2117 9 been be VBN 39142 2117 10 maintained maintain VBN 39142 2117 11 within within IN 39142 2117 12 this this DT 39142 2117 13 range range NN 39142 2117 14 for for IN 39142 2117 15 indefinite indefinite JJ 39142 2117 16 ages age NNS 39142 2117 17 , , , 39142 2117 18 in in IN 39142 2117 19 the the DT 39142 2117 20 regions region NNS 39142 2117 21 where where WRB 39142 2117 22 the the DT 39142 2117 23 human human JJ 39142 2117 24 race race NN 39142 2117 25 has have VBZ 39142 2117 26 developed develop VBN 39142 2117 27 , , , 39142 2117 28 quite quite RB 39142 2117 29 certainly certainly RB 39142 2117 30 man man NN 39142 2117 31 would would MD 39142 2117 32 not not RB 39142 2117 33 be be VB 39142 2117 34 here here RB 39142 2117 35 . . . 39142 2118 1 How how WRB 39142 2118 2 this this DT 39142 2118 3 equability equability NN 39142 2118 4 of of IN 39142 2118 5 temperature temperature NN 39142 2118 6 has have VBZ 39142 2118 7 been be VBN 39142 2118 8 maintained maintain VBN 39142 2118 9 does do VBZ 39142 2118 10 not not RB 39142 2118 11 now now RB 39142 2118 12 matter matter VB 39142 2118 13 . . . 39142 2119 1 Clearly clearly RB 39142 2119 2 the the DT 39142 2119 3 earth earth NN 39142 2119 4 must must MD 39142 2119 5 have have VB 39142 2119 6 existed exist VBN 39142 2119 7 through through IN 39142 2119 8 indefinite indefinite JJ 39142 2119 9 ages age NNS 39142 2119 10 in in IN 39142 2119 11 the the DT 39142 2119 12 process process NN 39142 2119 13 of of IN 39142 2119 14 cooling cool VBG 39142 2119 15 down down RP 39142 2119 16 from from IN 39142 2119 17 temperatures temperature NNS 39142 2119 18 of of IN 39142 2119 19 at at RB 39142 2119 20 least least RBS 39142 2119 21 6,000 6,000 CD 39142 2119 22 degrees degree NNS 39142 2119 23 . . . 39142 2120 1 During during IN 39142 2120 2 this this DT 39142 2120 3 stage stage NN 39142 2120 4 the the DT 39142 2120 5 temperature temperature NN 39142 2120 6 of of IN 39142 2120 7 the the DT 39142 2120 8 surface surface NN 39142 2120 9 was be VBD 39142 2120 10 earth earth NN 39142 2120 11 - - HYPH 39142 2120 12 controlled control VBN 39142 2120 13 . . . 39142 2121 1 Then then RB 39142 2121 2 this this DT 39142 2121 3 period period NN 39142 2121 4 merged merge VBD 39142 2121 5 very very RB 39142 2121 6 gradually gradually RB 39142 2121 7 into into IN 39142 2121 8 the the DT 39142 2121 9 stage stage NN 39142 2121 10 where where WRB 39142 2121 11 life life NN 39142 2121 12 became become VBD 39142 2121 13 possible possible JJ 39142 2121 14 , , , 39142 2121 15 and and CC 39142 2121 16 the the DT 39142 2121 17 temperature temperature NN 39142 2121 18 of of IN 39142 2121 19 the the DT 39142 2121 20 surface surface NN 39142 2121 21 became become VBD 39142 2121 22 , , , 39142 2121 23 as as IN 39142 2121 24 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2121 25 now now RB 39142 2121 26 is be VBZ 39142 2121 27 , , , 39142 2121 28 sun sun NN 39142 2121 29 - - HYPH 39142 2121 30 controlled control VBN 39142 2121 31 . . . 39142 2122 1 How how WRB 39142 2122 2 many many JJ 39142 2122 3 years year NNS 39142 2122 4 are be VBP 39142 2122 5 embraced embrace VBN 39142 2122 6 in in IN 39142 2122 7 this this DT 39142 2122 8 span span NN 39142 2122 9 of of IN 39142 2122 10 periods period NNS 39142 2122 11 , , , 39142 2122 12 or or CC 39142 2122 13 ages age NNS 39142 2122 14 , , , 39142 2122 15 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2122 16 have have VBP 39142 2122 17 no no DT 39142 2122 18 means means NN 39142 2122 19 of of IN 39142 2122 20 knowing know VBG 39142 2122 21 . . . 39142 2123 1 But but CC 39142 2123 2 of of IN 39142 2123 3 the the DT 39142 2123 4 sequence sequence NN 39142 2123 5 of of IN 39142 2123 6 periods period NNS 39142 2123 7 and and CC 39142 2123 8 the the DT 39142 2123 9 secular secular JJ 39142 2123 10 diminution diminution NN 39142 2123 11 of of IN 39142 2123 12 temperature temperature NN 39142 2123 13 , , , 39142 2123 14 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2123 15 may may MD 39142 2123 16 be be VB 39142 2123 17 certain certain JJ 39142 2123 18 . . . 39142 2124 1 Then then RB 39142 2124 2 there there EX 39142 2124 3 is be VBZ 39142 2124 4 the the DT 39142 2124 5 equally equally RB 39142 2124 6 important important JJ 39142 2124 7 consideration consideration NN 39142 2124 8 of of IN 39142 2124 9 water water NN 39142 2124 10 necessary necessary JJ 39142 2124 11 for for IN 39142 2124 12 the the DT 39142 2124 13 origination origination NN 39142 2124 14 , , , 39142 2124 15 support support NN 39142 2124 16 , , , 39142 2124 17 and and CC 39142 2124 18 development development NN 39142 2124 19 of of IN 39142 2124 20 life life NN 39142 2124 21 . . . 39142 2125 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 2125 2 can can MD 39142 2125 3 not not RB 39142 2125 4 conceive conceive VB 39142 2125 5 of of IN 39142 2125 6 life life NN 39142 2125 7 existing exist VBG 39142 2125 8 without without IN 39142 2125 9 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2125 10 . . . 39142 2126 1 On on IN 39142 2126 2 the the DT 39142 2126 3 earth earth NN 39142 2126 4 water water NN 39142 2126 5 is be VBZ 39142 2126 6 superabundant superabundant JJ 39142 2126 7 , , , 39142 2126 8 and and CC 39142 2126 9 has have VBZ 39142 2126 10 been be VBN 39142 2126 11 for for IN 39142 2126 12 indefinite indefinite JJ 39142 2126 13 ages age NNS 39142 2126 14 in in IN 39142 2126 15 the the DT 39142 2126 16 past past NN 39142 2126 17 . . . 39142 2127 1 There there EX 39142 2127 2 is be VBZ 39142 2127 3 little little JJ 39142 2127 4 evidence evidence NN 39142 2127 5 that that IN 39142 2127 6 the the DT 39142 2127 7 oceans ocean NNS 39142 2127 8 are be VBP 39142 2127 9 drying dry VBG 39142 2127 10 up up RP 39142 2127 11 ; ; : 39142 2127 12 although although IN 39142 2127 13 the the DT 39142 2127 14 commonly commonly RB 39142 2127 15 accepted accept VBN 39142 2127 16 view view NN 39142 2127 17 is be VBZ 39142 2127 18 that that IN 39142 2127 19 the the DT 39142 2127 20 waters water NNS 39142 2127 21 of of IN 39142 2127 22 the the DT 39142 2127 23 earth earth NN 39142 2127 24 will will MD 39142 2127 25 very very RB 39142 2127 26 gradually gradually RB 39142 2127 27 disappear disappear VB 39142 2127 28 . . . 39142 2128 1 Water water NN 39142 2128 2 can can MD 39142 2128 3 exist exist VB 39142 2128 4 in in IN 39142 2128 5 the the DT 39142 2128 6 fluid fluid JJ 39142 2128 7 state state NN 39142 2128 8 , , , 39142 2128 9 which which WDT 39142 2128 10 is be VBZ 39142 2128 11 essential essential JJ 39142 2128 12 to to IN 39142 2128 13 life life NN 39142 2128 14 , , , 39142 2128 15 at at IN 39142 2128 16 all all DT 39142 2128 17 temperatures temperature NNS 39142 2128 18 between between IN 39142 2128 19 32 32 CD 39142 2128 20 degrees degree NNS 39142 2128 21 and and CC 39142 2128 22 680 680 CD 39142 2128 23 degrees degree NNS 39142 2128 24 F. F. NNP 39142 2128 25 Air Air NNP 39142 2128 26 to to TO 39142 2128 27 breathe breathe VB 39142 2128 28 is be VBZ 39142 2128 29 essential essential JJ 39142 2128 30 to to IN 39142 2128 31 life life NN 39142 2128 32 also also RB 39142 2128 33 . . . 39142 2129 1 The the DT 39142 2129 2 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2129 3 which which WDT 39142 2129 4 envelops envelop VBZ 39142 2129 5 the the DT 39142 2129 6 earth earth NN 39142 2129 7 is be VBZ 39142 2129 8 at at RB 39142 2129 9 least least RBS 39142 2129 10 100 100 CD 39142 2129 11 miles mile NNS 39142 2129 12 in in IN 39142 2129 13 depth depth NN 39142 2129 14 , , , 39142 2129 15 and and CC 39142 2129 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2129 17 own own JJ 39142 2129 18 weight weight NN 39142 2129 19 compresses compress VBZ 39142 2129 20 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2129 21 to to IN 39142 2129 22 a a DT 39142 2129 23 tension tension NN 39142 2129 24 of of IN 39142 2129 25 nearly nearly RB 39142 2129 26 15 15 CD 39142 2129 27 pounds pound NNS 39142 2129 28 to to IN 39142 2129 29 the the DT 39142 2129 30 square square JJ 39142 2129 31 inch inch NN 39142 2129 32 at at IN 39142 2129 33 sea sea NN 39142 2129 34 level level NN 39142 2129 35 . . . 39142 2130 1 This this DT 39142 2130 2 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2130 3 and and CC 39142 2130 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2130 5 physical physical JJ 39142 2130 6 properties property NNS 39142 2130 7 have have VBP 39142 2130 8 had have VBN 39142 2130 9 everything everything NN 39142 2130 10 to to TO 39142 2130 11 do do VB 39142 2130 12 with with IN 39142 2130 13 the the DT 39142 2130 14 development development NN 39142 2130 15 of of IN 39142 2130 16 animal animal NN 39142 2130 17 life life NN 39142 2130 18 on on IN 39142 2130 19 the the DT 39142 2130 20 planet planet NN 39142 2130 21 . . . 39142 2131 1 Without without IN 39142 2131 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2131 3 and and CC 39142 2131 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2131 5 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 2131 6 property property NN 39142 2131 7 of of IN 39142 2131 8 selective selective JJ 39142 2131 9 absorption absorption NN 39142 2131 10 , , , 39142 2131 11 which which WDT 39142 2131 12 imprisons imprison VBZ 39142 2131 13 and and CC 39142 2131 14 diffuses diffuse VBZ 39142 2131 15 the the DT 39142 2131 16 solar solar JJ 39142 2131 17 heat heat NN 39142 2131 18 , , , 39142 2131 19 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2131 20 is be VBZ 39142 2131 21 inconceivable inconceivable JJ 39142 2131 22 that that IN 39142 2131 23 the the DT 39142 2131 24 necessary necessary JJ 39142 2131 25 equability equability NN 39142 2131 26 of of IN 39142 2131 27 surface surface NN 39142 2131 28 temperature temperature NN 39142 2131 29 could could MD 39142 2131 30 be be VB 39142 2131 31 maintained maintain VBN 39142 2131 32 . . . 39142 2132 1 This this DT 39142 2132 2 appears appear VBZ 39142 2132 3 to to TO 39142 2132 4 be be VB 39142 2132 5 quite quite RB 39142 2132 6 independent independent JJ 39142 2132 7 of of IN 39142 2132 8 the the DT 39142 2132 9 chemical chemical JJ 39142 2132 10 constituents constituent NNS 39142 2132 11 of of IN 39142 2132 12 the the DT 39142 2132 13 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2132 14 , , , 39142 2132 15 and and CC 39142 2132 16 is be VBZ 39142 2132 17 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2132 18 the the DT 39142 2132 19 most most RBS 39142 2132 20 important important JJ 39142 2132 21 single single JJ 39142 2132 22 consideration consideration NN 39142 2132 23 affecting affect VBG 39142 2132 24 the the DT 39142 2132 25 existence existence NN 39142 2132 26 of of IN 39142 2132 27 life life NN 39142 2132 28 on on IN 39142 2132 29 a a DT 39142 2132 30 planet planet NN 39142 2132 31 . . . 39142 2133 1 If if IN 39142 2133 2 the the DT 39142 2133 3 surface surface NN 39142 2133 4 of of IN 39142 2133 5 a a DT 39142 2133 6 planet planet NN 39142 2133 7 is be VBZ 39142 2133 8 partly partly RB 39142 2133 9 covered cover VBN 39142 2133 10 with with IN 39142 2133 11 water water NN 39142 2133 12 , , , 39142 2133 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2133 14 will will MD 39142 2133 15 possess possess VB 39142 2133 16 also also RB 39142 2133 17 an an DT 39142 2133 18 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2133 19 containing contain VBG 39142 2133 20 aqueous aqueous JJ 39142 2133 21 vapor vapor NN 39142 2133 22 . . . 39142 2134 1 Heat heat NN 39142 2134 2 , , , 39142 2134 3 water water NN 39142 2134 4 , , , 39142 2134 5 and and CC 39142 2134 6 air air NN 39142 2134 7 : : : 39142 2134 8 these these DT 39142 2134 9 three three CD 39142 2134 10 essentials essential NNS 39142 2134 11 determine determine VB 39142 2134 12 whether whether IN 39142 2134 13 there there EX 39142 2134 14 is be VBZ 39142 2134 15 life life NN 39142 2134 16 on on IN 39142 2134 17 a a DT 39142 2134 18 planet planet NN 39142 2134 19 or or CC 39142 2134 20 not not RB 39142 2134 21 . . . 39142 2135 1 Of of RB 39142 2135 2 course course RB 39142 2135 3 there there EX 39142 2135 4 must must MD 39142 2135 5 be be VB 39142 2135 6 nutrition nutrition NN 39142 2135 7 suitable suitable JJ 39142 2135 8 to to IN 39142 2135 9 the the DT 39142 2135 10 organism organism NN 39142 2135 11 ; ; : 39142 2135 12 mineral mineral NN 39142 2135 13 for for IN 39142 2135 14 the the DT 39142 2135 15 vegetal vegetal NN 39142 2135 16 , , , 39142 2135 17 and and CC 39142 2135 18 vegetal vegetal JJ 39142 2135 19 for for IN 39142 2135 20 the the DT 39142 2135 21 animal animal NN 39142 2135 22 . . . 39142 2136 1 But but CC 39142 2136 2 the the DT 39142 2136 3 narrow narrow JJ 39142 2136 4 range range NN 39142 2136 5 of of IN 39142 2136 6 variation variation NN 39142 2136 7 appears appear VBZ 39142 2136 8 to to TO 39142 2136 9 be be VB 39142 2136 10 the the DT 39142 2136 11 striking striking JJ 39142 2136 12 thing thing NN 39142 2136 13 : : : 39142 2136 14 relatively relatively RB 39142 2136 15 but but CC 39142 2136 16 a a DT 39142 2136 17 few few JJ 39142 2136 18 degrees degree NNS 39142 2136 19 of of IN 39142 2136 20 temperature temperature NN 39142 2136 21 , , , 39142 2136 22 and and CC 39142 2136 23 a a DT 39142 2136 24 narrow narrow JJ 39142 2136 25 margin margin NN 39142 2136 26 of of IN 39142 2136 27 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 39142 2136 28 pressure pressure NN 39142 2136 29 . . . 39142 2137 1 If if IN 39142 2137 2 this this DT 39142 2137 3 pressure pressure NN 39142 2137 4 is be VBZ 39142 2137 5 doubled double VBN 39142 2137 6 or or CC 39142 2137 7 trebled treble VBN 39142 2137 8 , , , 39142 2137 9 as as IN 39142 2137 10 in in IN 39142 2137 11 submarine submarine NN 39142 2137 12 caissons caisson NNS 39142 2137 13 , , , 39142 2137 14 life life NN 39142 2137 15 becomes become VBZ 39142 2137 16 insupportable insupportable JJ 39142 2137 17 . . . 39142 2138 1 If if IN 39142 2138 2 , , , 39142 2138 3 on on IN 39142 2138 4 the the DT 39142 2138 5 other other JJ 39142 2138 6 hand hand NN 39142 2138 7 , , , 39142 2138 8 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2138 9 is be VBZ 39142 2138 10 reduced reduce VBN 39142 2138 11 even even RB 39142 2138 12 one one CD 39142 2138 13 - - HYPH 39142 2138 14 third third NN 39142 2138 15 , , , 39142 2138 16 as as IN 39142 2138 17 on on IN 39142 2138 18 mountains mountain NNS 39142 2138 19 even even RB 39142 2138 20 13,000 13,000 CD 39142 2138 21 feet foot NNS 39142 2138 22 high high JJ 39142 2138 23 , , , 39142 2138 24 the the DT 39142 2138 25 human human JJ 39142 2138 26 mechanism mechanism NN 39142 2138 27 fails fail VBZ 39142 2138 28 to to TO 39142 2138 29 function function VB 39142 2138 30 , , , 39142 2138 31 partly partly RB 39142 2138 32 from from IN 39142 2138 33 lack lack NN 39142 2138 34 of of IN 39142 2138 35 oxygen oxygen NN 39142 2138 36 necessary necessary JJ 39142 2138 37 in in IN 39142 2138 38 vitalizing vitalize VBG 39142 2138 39 the the DT 39142 2138 40 blood blood NN 39142 2138 41 , , , 39142 2138 42 but but CC 39142 2138 43 mainly mainly RB 39142 2138 44 because because IN 39142 2138 45 of of IN 39142 2138 46 simple simple JJ 39142 2138 47 reduction reduction NN 39142 2138 48 of of IN 39142 2138 49 mechanical mechanical JJ 39142 2138 50 pressure pressure NN 39142 2138 51 . . . 39142 2139 1 If if IN 39142 2139 2 , , , 39142 2139 3 then then RB 39142 2139 4 , , , 39142 2139 5 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2139 6 conceive conceive VBP 39142 2139 7 of of IN 39142 2139 8 life life NN 39142 2139 9 in in IN 39142 2139 10 other other JJ 39142 2139 11 worlds world NNS 39142 2139 12 and and CC 39142 2139 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2139 14 is be VBZ 39142 2139 15 agreed agree VBN 39142 2139 16 that that DT 39142 2139 17 life life NN 39142 2139 18 there there EX 39142 2139 19 must must MD 39142 2139 20 manifest manifest VB 39142 2139 21 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 2139 22 much much RB 39142 2139 23 as as IN 39142 2139 24 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2139 25 does do VBZ 39142 2139 26 here here RB 39142 2139 27 , , , 39142 2139 28 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2139 29 answer answer NN 39142 2139 30 to to IN 39142 2139 31 the the DT 39142 2139 32 question question NN 39142 2139 33 of of IN 39142 2139 34 habitability habitability NN 39142 2139 35 of of IN 39142 2139 36 the the DT 39142 2139 37 planets planet NNS 39142 2139 38 must must MD 39142 2139 39 follow follow VB 39142 2139 40 upon upon IN 39142 2139 41 an an DT 39142 2139 42 investigation investigation NN 39142 2139 43 of of IN 39142 2139 44 what what WP 39142 2139 45 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2139 46 know know VBP 39142 2139 47 , , , 39142 2139 48 or or CC 39142 2139 49 can can MD 39142 2139 50 reasonably reasonably RB 39142 2139 51 surmise surmise VB 39142 2139 52 , , , 39142 2139 53 about about IN 39142 2139 54 the the DT 39142 2139 55 surface surface NN 39142 2139 56 temperatures temperature NNS 39142 2139 57 of of IN 39142 2139 58 these these DT 39142 2139 59 bodies body NNS 39142 2139 60 , , , 39142 2139 61 whether whether IN 39142 2139 62 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2139 63 have have VBP 39142 2139 64 water water NN 39142 2139 65 , , , 39142 2139 66 and and CC 39142 2139 67 what what WP 39142 2139 68 are be VBP 39142 2139 69 the the DT 39142 2139 70 probable probable JJ 39142 2139 71 physical physical JJ 39142 2139 72 characteristics characteristic NNS 39142 2139 73 of of IN 39142 2139 74 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2139 75 atmospheres atmosphere NNS 39142 2139 76 . . . 39142 2140 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 2140 2 may may MD 39142 2140 3 inquire inquire VB 39142 2140 4 about about IN 39142 2140 5 each each DT 39142 2140 6 planet planet NN 39142 2140 7 , , , 39142 2140 8 then then RB 39142 2140 9 , , , 39142 2140 10 concerning concern VBG 39142 2140 11 each each DT 39142 2140 12 of of IN 39142 2140 13 these these DT 39142 2140 14 details detail NNS 39142 2140 15 . . . 39142 2141 1 The the DT 39142 2141 2 case case NN 39142 2141 3 of of IN 39142 2141 4 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 2141 5 is be VBZ 39142 2141 6 not not RB 39142 2141 7 difficult difficult JJ 39142 2141 8 . . . 39142 2142 1 At at IN 39142 2142 2 an an DT 39142 2142 3 average average JJ 39142 2142 4 distance distance NN 39142 2142 5 of of IN 39142 2142 6 only only RB 39142 2142 7 36 36 CD 39142 2142 8 million million CD 39142 2142 9 miles mile NNS 39142 2142 10 from from IN 39142 2142 11 the the DT 39142 2142 12 sun sun NN 39142 2142 13 , , , 39142 2142 14 and and CC 39142 2142 15 with with IN 39142 2142 16 a a DT 39142 2142 17 large large JJ 39142 2142 18 eccentricity eccentricity NN 39142 2142 19 of of IN 39142 2142 20 orbit orbit NN 39142 2142 21 which which WDT 39142 2142 22 brings bring VBZ 39142 2142 23 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2142 24 a a DT 39142 2142 25 fifth fifth JJ 39142 2142 26 part part NN 39142 2142 27 nearer nearer NN 39142 2142 28 , , , 39142 2142 29 conditions condition NNS 39142 2142 30 of of IN 39142 2142 31 temperature temperature NN 39142 2142 32 alone alone RB 39142 2142 33 must must MD 39142 2142 34 be be VB 39142 2142 35 such such JJ 39142 2142 36 as as IN 39142 2142 37 to to TO 39142 2142 38 forbid forbid VB 39142 2142 39 the the DT 39142 2142 40 existence existence NN 39142 2142 41 of of IN 39142 2142 42 life life NN 39142 2142 43 . . . 39142 2143 1 The the DT 39142 2143 2 solar solar JJ 39142 2143 3 heat heat NN 39142 2143 4 received receive VBD 39142 2143 5 is be VBZ 39142 2143 6 seven seven CD 39142 2143 7 times time NNS 39142 2143 8 greater great JJR 39142 2143 9 than than IN 39142 2143 10 at at IN 39142 2143 11 the the DT 39142 2143 12 earth earth NN 39142 2143 13 , , , 39142 2143 14 and and CC 39142 2143 15 this this DT 39142 2143 16 is be VBZ 39142 2143 17 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2143 18 sufficient sufficient JJ 39142 2143 19 reason reason NN 39142 2143 20 for for IN 39142 2143 21 a a DT 39142 2143 22 minimum minimum NN 39142 2143 23 of of IN 39142 2143 24 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2143 25 , , , 39142 2143 26 as as IN 39142 2143 27 indicated indicate VBN 39142 2143 28 by by IN 39142 2143 29 observation observation NN 39142 2143 30 . . . 39142 2144 1 If if IN 39142 2144 2 no no DT 39142 2144 3 air air NN 39142 2144 4 , , , 39142 2144 5 then then RB 39142 2144 6 quite quite RB 39142 2144 7 certainly certainly RB 39142 2144 8 no no DT 39142 2144 9 water water NN 39142 2144 10 , , , 39142 2144 11 as as IN 39142 2144 12 evaporation evaporation NN 39142 2144 13 would would MD 39142 2144 14 supply supply VB 39142 2144 15 a a DT 39142 2144 16 slight slight JJ 39142 2144 17 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2144 18 . . . 39142 2145 1 But but CC 39142 2145 2 according accord VBG 39142 2145 3 to to IN 39142 2145 4 the the DT 39142 2145 5 kinetic kinetic JJ 39142 2145 6 theory theory NN 39142 2145 7 of of IN 39142 2145 8 gases gas NNS 39142 2145 9 , , , 39142 2145 10 the the DT 39142 2145 11 mass mass NN 39142 2145 12 of of IN 39142 2145 13 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 2145 14 , , , 39142 2145 15 only only RB 39142 2145 16 a a DT 39142 2145 17 very very RB 39142 2145 18 small small JJ 39142 2145 19 fraction fraction NN 39142 2145 20 of of IN 39142 2145 21 that that DT 39142 2145 22 of of IN 39142 2145 23 the the DT 39142 2145 24 sun sun NN 39142 2145 25 , , , 39142 2145 26 is be VBZ 39142 2145 27 inadequate inadequate JJ 39142 2145 28 to to TO 39142 2145 29 retain retain VB 39142 2145 30 an an DT 39142 2145 31 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 39142 2145 32 envelope envelope NN 39142 2145 33 . . . 39142 2146 1 If if IN 39142 2146 2 , , , 39142 2146 3 however however RB 39142 2146 4 , , , 39142 2146 5 the the DT 39142 2146 6 planet planet NN 39142 2146 7 's 's POS 39142 2146 8 day day NN 39142 2146 9 and and CC 39142 2146 10 year year NN 39142 2146 11 are be VBP 39142 2146 12 equal equal JJ 39142 2146 13 , , , 39142 2146 14 so so IN 39142 2146 15 that that IN 39142 2146 16 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2146 17 turns turn VBZ 39142 2146 18 a a DT 39142 2146 19 constant constant JJ 39142 2146 20 face face NN 39142 2146 21 to to IN 39142 2146 22 the the DT 39142 2146 23 sun sun NN 39142 2146 24 , , , 39142 2146 25 surface surface NN 39142 2146 26 conditions condition NNS 39142 2146 27 would would MD 39142 2146 28 be be VB 39142 2146 29 greatly greatly RB 39142 2146 30 complicated complicate VBN 39142 2146 31 , , , 39142 2146 32 so so IN 39142 2146 33 that that IN 39142 2146 34 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2146 35 can can MD 39142 2146 36 not not RB 39142 2146 37 regard regard VB 39142 2146 38 the the DT 39142 2146 39 planet planet NN 39142 2146 40 as as RB 39142 2146 41 absolutely absolutely RB 39142 2146 42 uninhabitable uninhabitable JJ 39142 2146 43 on on IN 39142 2146 44 the the DT 39142 2146 45 hemisphere hemisphere NN 39142 2146 46 that that WDT 39142 2146 47 is be VBZ 39142 2146 48 always always RB 39142 2146 49 turned turn VBN 39142 2146 50 away away RB 39142 2146 51 from from IN 39142 2146 52 the the DT 39142 2146 53 sun sun NN 39142 2146 54 . . . 39142 2147 1 Venus venus NN 39142 2147 2 at at IN 39142 2147 3 67 67 CD 39142 2147 4 millions million NNS 39142 2147 5 of of IN 39142 2147 6 miles mile NNS 39142 2147 7 from from IN 39142 2147 8 the the DT 39142 2147 9 sun sun NN 39142 2147 10 presents present VBZ 39142 2147 11 conditions condition NNS 39142 2147 12 that that WDT 39142 2147 13 are be VBP 39142 2147 14 quite quite RB 39142 2147 15 different different JJ 39142 2147 16 . . . 39142 2148 1 She -PRON- PRP 39142 2148 2 receives receive VBZ 39142 2148 3 double double PDT 39142 2148 4 the the DT 39142 2148 5 solar solar JJ 39142 2148 6 heat heat NN 39142 2148 7 that that WDT 39142 2148 8 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2148 9 do do VBP 39142 2148 10 , , , 39142 2148 11 but but CC 39142 2148 12 possessing possess VBG 39142 2148 13 an an DT 39142 2148 14 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2148 15 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2148 16 threefold threefold JJ 39142 2148 17 denser denser NN 39142 2148 18 than than IN 39142 2148 19 ours our NNS 39142 2148 20 , , , 39142 2148 21 as as IN 39142 2148 22 reliably reliably RB 39142 2148 23 indicated indicate VBN 39142 2148 24 by by IN 39142 2148 25 observations observation NNS 39142 2148 26 of of IN 39142 2148 27 transits transit NNS 39142 2148 28 of of IN 39142 2148 29 Venus Venus NNP 39142 2148 30 , , , 39142 2148 31 the the DT 39142 2148 32 intensity intensity NN 39142 2148 33 of of IN 39142 2148 34 the the DT 39142 2148 35 heat heat NN 39142 2148 36 and and CC 39142 2148 37 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2148 38 diffusion diffusion NN 39142 2148 39 may may MD 39142 2148 40 be be VB 39142 2148 41 greatly greatly RB 39142 2148 42 modified modify VBN 39142 2148 43 . . . 39142 2149 1 What what WP 39142 2149 2 the the DT 39142 2149 3 selective selective JJ 39142 2149 4 absorption absorption NN 39142 2149 5 of of IN 39142 2149 6 the the DT 39142 2149 7 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2149 8 of of IN 39142 2149 9 Venus Venus NNP 39142 2149 10 may may MD 39142 2149 11 be be VB 39142 2149 12 , , , 39142 2149 13 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2149 14 do do VBP 39142 2149 15 not not RB 39142 2149 16 know know VB 39142 2149 17 . . . 39142 2150 1 Nor nor CC 39142 2150 2 is be VBZ 39142 2150 3 the the DT 39142 2150 4 rotation rotation NN 39142 2150 5 time time NN 39142 2150 6 of of IN 39142 2150 7 the the DT 39142 2150 8 planet planet NN 39142 2150 9 definitely definitely RB 39142 2150 10 ascertained ascertain VBD 39142 2150 11 : : : 39142 2150 12 if if IN 39142 2150 13 equal equal JJ 39142 2150 14 to to IN 39142 2150 15 her -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2150 16 year year NN 39142 2150 17 , , , 39142 2150 18 as as IN 39142 2150 19 many many JJ 39142 2150 20 observations observation NNS 39142 2150 21 show show VBP 39142 2150 22 and and CC 39142 2150 23 as as IN 39142 2150 24 indicated indicate VBN 39142 2150 25 by by IN 39142 2150 26 the the DT 39142 2150 27 theory theory NN 39142 2150 28 of of IN 39142 2150 29 tidal tidal JJ 39142 2150 30 evolution evolution NN 39142 2150 31 , , , 39142 2150 32 there there EX 39142 2150 33 may may MD 39142 2150 34 well well RB 39142 2150 35 be be VB 39142 2150 36 certain certain JJ 39142 2150 37 regions region NNS 39142 2150 38 on on IN 39142 2150 39 the the DT 39142 2150 40 hemisphere hemisphere NN 39142 2150 41 perpetually perpetually RB 39142 2150 42 turned turn VBN 39142 2150 43 away away RB 39142 2150 44 from from IN 39142 2150 45 the the DT 39142 2150 46 sun sun NN 39142 2150 47 where where WRB 39142 2150 48 temperature temperature NN 39142 2150 49 conditions condition NNS 39142 2150 50 are be VBP 39142 2150 51 identical identical JJ 39142 2150 52 with with IN 39142 2150 53 those those DT 39142 2150 54 on on IN 39142 2150 55 the the DT 39142 2150 56 tropical tropical JJ 39142 2150 57 earth earth NN 39142 2150 58 , , , 39142 2150 59 and and CC 39142 2150 60 where where WRB 39142 2150 61 every every DT 39142 2150 62 condition condition NN 39142 2150 63 for for IN 39142 2150 64 the the DT 39142 2150 65 origin origin NN 39142 2150 66 and and CC 39142 2150 67 development development NN 39142 2150 68 of of IN 39142 2150 69 life life NN 39142 2150 70 is be VBZ 39142 2150 71 more more RBR 39142 2150 72 fully fully RB 39142 2150 73 met meet VBN 39142 2150 74 than than IN 39142 2150 75 anywhere anywhere RB 39142 2150 76 else else RB 39142 2150 77 in in IN 39142 2150 78 the the DT 39142 2150 79 solar solar JJ 39142 2150 80 system system NN 39142 2150 81 . . . 39142 2151 1 Whether whether IN 39142 2151 2 Venus Venus NNP 39142 2151 3 has have VBZ 39142 2151 4 water water NN 39142 2151 5 distributed distribute VBN 39142 2151 6 as as IN 39142 2151 7 on on IN 39142 2151 8 the the DT 39142 2151 9 earth earth NN 39142 2151 10 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2151 11 do do VBP 39142 2151 12 not not RB 39142 2151 13 know know VB 39142 2151 14 , , , 39142 2151 15 as as IN 39142 2151 16 her -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2151 17 surface surface NN 39142 2151 18 is be VBZ 39142 2151 19 never never RB 39142 2151 20 seen see VBN 39142 2151 21 , , , 39142 2151 22 owing owe VBG 39142 2151 23 to to IN 39142 2151 24 dense dense JJ 39142 2151 25 clouds cloud NNS 39142 2151 26 under under IN 39142 2151 27 which which WDT 39142 2151 28 she -PRON- PRP 39142 2151 29 is be VBZ 39142 2151 30 always always RB 39142 2151 31 enshrouded enshroud VBN 39142 2151 32 . . . 39142 2152 1 Her -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2152 2 cloudy cloudy JJ 39142 2152 3 condition condition NN 39142 2152 4 possibly possibly RB 39142 2152 5 indicates indicate VBZ 39142 2152 6 an an DT 39142 2152 7 overplus overplus NN 39142 2152 8 of of IN 39142 2152 9 water water NN 39142 2152 10 . . . 39142 2153 1 Is be VBZ 39142 2153 2 the the DT 39142 2153 3 moon moon NN 39142 2153 4 inhabited inhabit VBN 39142 2153 5 ? ? . 39142 2154 1 Quite quite RB 39142 2154 2 certainly certainly RB 39142 2154 3 not not RB 39142 2154 4 : : : 39142 2154 5 no no DT 39142 2154 6 appreciable appreciable JJ 39142 2154 7 air air NN 39142 2154 8 , , , 39142 2154 9 no no DT 39142 2154 10 water water NN 39142 2154 11 , , , 39142 2154 12 and and CC 39142 2154 13 a a DT 39142 2154 14 surface surface NN 39142 2154 15 temperature temperature NN 39142 2154 16 unmodified unmodifie VBN 39142 2154 17 by by IN 39142 2154 18 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2154 19 -- -- : 39142 2154 20 rising rise VBG 39142 2154 21 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2154 22 to to TO 39142 2154 23 100 100 CD 39142 2154 24 degrees degree NNS 39142 2154 25 F. F. NNP 39142 2154 26 during during IN 39142 2154 27 the the DT 39142 2154 28 day day NN 39142 2154 29 , , , 39142 2154 30 which which WDT 39142 2154 31 is be VBZ 39142 2154 32 a a DT 39142 2154 33 fortnight fortnight NN 39142 2154 34 in in IN 39142 2154 35 length length NN 39142 2154 36 , , , 39142 2154 37 and and CC 39142 2154 38 falling fall VBG 39142 2154 39 at at IN 39142 2154 40 night night NN 39142 2154 41 to to IN 39142 2154 42 300 300 CD 39142 2154 43 degrees degree NNS 39142 2154 44 below below IN 39142 2154 45 zero zero CD 39142 2154 46 , , , 39142 2154 47 if if IN 39142 2154 48 not not RB 39142 2154 49 lower low JJR 39142 2154 50 . . . 39142 2155 1 Is be VBZ 39142 2155 2 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2155 3 inhabited inhabit VBN 39142 2155 4 ? ? . 39142 2156 1 The the DT 39142 2156 2 probable probable JJ 39142 2156 3 surface surface NN 39142 2156 4 temperature temperature NN 39142 2156 5 is be VBZ 39142 2156 6 much much RB 39142 2156 7 lower low JJR 39142 2156 8 than than IN 39142 2156 9 the the DT 39142 2156 10 earth earth NN 39142 2156 11 's 's POS 39142 2156 12 , , , 39142 2156 13 because because IN 39142 2156 14 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2156 15 receives receive VBZ 39142 2156 16 only only RB 39142 2156 17 half half PDT 39142 2156 18 as as RB 39142 2156 19 much much JJ 39142 2156 20 solar solar JJ 39142 2156 21 heat heat NN 39142 2156 22 as as IN 39142 2156 23 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2156 24 do do VBP 39142 2156 25 ; ; : 39142 2156 26 and and CC 39142 2156 27 more more RBR 39142 2156 28 important important JJ 39142 2156 29 still still RB 39142 2156 30 , , , 39142 2156 31 the the DT 39142 2156 32 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2156 33 of of IN 39142 2156 34 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2156 35 is be VBZ 39142 2156 36 neither neither RB 39142 2156 37 so so RB 39142 2156 38 dense dense JJ 39142 2156 39 nor nor CC 39142 2156 40 so so RB 39142 2156 41 extensive extensive JJ 39142 2156 42 as as IN 39142 2156 43 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2156 44 own own JJ 39142 2156 45 . . . 39142 2157 1 Seasons season NNS 39142 2157 2 on on IN 39142 2157 3 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2157 4 are be VBP 39142 2157 5 established establish VBN 39142 2157 6 , , , 39142 2157 7 much much RB 39142 2157 8 the the DT 39142 2157 9 same same JJ 39142 2157 10 as as IN 39142 2157 11 here here RB 39142 2157 12 , , , 39142 2157 13 except except IN 39142 2157 14 that that IN 39142 2157 15 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2157 16 are be VBP 39142 2157 17 nearly nearly RB 39142 2157 18 twice twice RB 39142 2157 19 as as RB 39142 2157 20 long long RB 39142 2157 21 as as IN 39142 2157 22 ours -PRON- PRP 39142 2157 23 ; ; : 39142 2157 24 and and CC 39142 2157 25 alternate alternate RB 39142 2157 26 shrinking shrink VBG 39142 2157 27 and and CC 39142 2157 28 enlarging enlarging JJ 39142 2157 29 of of IN 39142 2157 30 the the DT 39142 2157 31 polar polar JJ 39142 2157 32 caps cap NNS 39142 2157 33 keeps keep VBZ 39142 2157 34 even even RB 39142 2157 35 pace pace NN 39142 2157 36 with with IN 39142 2157 37 the the DT 39142 2157 38 seasons season NNS 39142 2157 39 , , , 39142 2157 40 thereby thereby RB 39142 2157 41 indicating indicate VBG 39142 2157 42 a a DT 39142 2157 43 certainty certainty NN 39142 2157 44 of of IN 39142 2157 45 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2157 46 whose whose WP$ 39142 2157 47 equatorial equatorial JJ 39142 2157 48 and and CC 39142 2157 49 polar polar JJ 39142 2157 50 circulation circulation NN 39142 2157 51 transports transport VBZ 39142 2157 52 the the DT 39142 2157 53 moisture moisture NN 39142 2157 54 poleward poleward NN 39142 2157 55 to to TO 39142 2157 56 form form VB 39142 2157 57 the the DT 39142 2157 58 snow snow NN 39142 2157 59 and and CC 39142 2157 60 ice ice NN 39142 2157 61 of of IN 39142 2157 62 which which WDT 39142 2157 63 the the DT 39142 2157 64 polar polar JJ 39142 2157 65 caps cap NNS 39142 2157 66 no no RB 39142 2157 67 doubt doubt RB 39142 2157 68 consist consist VBP 39142 2157 69 . . . 39142 2158 1 There there EX 39142 2158 2 is be VBZ 39142 2158 3 a a DT 39142 2158 4 variety variety NN 39142 2158 5 of of IN 39142 2158 6 evidence evidence NN 39142 2158 7 pointing point VBG 39142 2158 8 to to IN 39142 2158 9 an an DT 39142 2158 10 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2158 11 on on IN 39142 2158 12 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2158 13 of of IN 39142 2158 14 one one CD 39142 2158 15 - - HYPH 39142 2158 16 third third NN 39142 2158 17 to to IN 39142 2158 18 one one CD 39142 2158 19 - - HYPH 39142 2158 20 half half NN 39142 2158 21 the the DT 39142 2158 22 density density NN 39142 2158 23 of of IN 39142 2158 24 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2158 25 own own JJ 39142 2158 26 : : : 39142 2158 27 an an DT 39142 2158 28 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2158 29 in in IN 39142 2158 30 which which WDT 39142 2158 31 free free JJ 39142 2158 32 hydrogen hydrogen NN 39142 2158 33 could could MD 39142 2158 34 not not RB 39142 2158 35 exist exist VB 39142 2158 36 , , , 39142 2158 37 although although IN 39142 2158 38 other other JJ 39142 2158 39 gases gas NNS 39142 2158 40 might may MD 39142 2158 41 . . . 39142 2159 1 The the DT 39142 2159 2 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 2159 3 evidence evidence NN 39142 2159 4 of of IN 39142 2159 5 water water NN 39142 2159 6 vapor vapor NN 39142 2159 7 in in IN 39142 2159 8 the the DT 39142 2159 9 Martian martian JJ 39142 2159 10 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2159 11 is be VBZ 39142 2159 12 not not RB 39142 2159 13 very very RB 39142 2159 14 strong strong JJ 39142 2159 15 . . . 39142 2160 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 2160 2 is be VBZ 39142 2160 3 very very RB 39142 2160 4 doubtful doubtful JJ 39142 2160 5 whether whether IN 39142 2160 6 water water NN 39142 2160 7 exists exist VBZ 39142 2160 8 on on IN 39142 2160 9 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2160 10 in in IN 39142 2160 11 large large JJ 39142 2160 12 bodies body NNS 39142 2160 13 : : : 39142 2160 14 quite quite RB 39142 2160 15 certainly certainly RB 39142 2160 16 not not RB 39142 2160 17 as as IN 39142 2160 18 oceans ocean NNS 39142 2160 19 , , , 39142 2160 20 though though IN 39142 2160 21 the the DT 39142 2160 22 evidence evidence NN 39142 2160 23 of of IN 39142 2160 24 many many JJ 39142 2160 25 small small JJ 39142 2160 26 " " `` 39142 2160 27 lakes lake NNS 39142 2160 28 " " '' 39142 2160 29 is be VBZ 39142 2160 30 pretty pretty RB 39142 2160 31 well well RB 39142 2160 32 made make VBN 39142 2160 33 out out RP 39142 2160 34 . . . 39142 2161 1 With with IN 39142 2161 2 very very RB 39142 2161 3 little little JJ 39142 2161 4 water water NN 39142 2161 5 , , , 39142 2161 6 a a DT 39142 2161 7 thin thin JJ 39142 2161 8 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2161 9 and and CC 39142 2161 10 a a DT 39142 2161 11 zero zero CD 39142 2161 12 temperature temperature NN 39142 2161 13 , , , 39142 2161 14 is be VBZ 39142 2161 15 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2161 16 likely likely JJ 39142 2161 17 to to TO 39142 2161 18 be be VB 39142 2161 19 inhabited inhabit VBN 39142 2161 20 at at IN 39142 2161 21 the the DT 39142 2161 22 present present JJ 39142 2161 23 time time NN 39142 2161 24 ? ? . 39142 2162 1 The the DT 39142 2162 2 chances chance NNS 39142 2162 3 are be VBP 39142 2162 4 rather rather RB 39142 2162 5 against against IN 39142 2162 6 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2162 7 . . . 39142 2163 1 If if IN 39142 2163 2 , , , 39142 2163 3 however however RB 39142 2163 4 , , , 39142 2163 5 the the DT 39142 2163 6 past past JJ 39142 2163 7 development development NN 39142 2163 8 of of IN 39142 2163 9 the the DT 39142 2163 10 planet planet NN 39142 2163 11 has have VBZ 39142 2163 12 progressed progress VBN 39142 2163 13 in in IN 39142 2163 14 the the DT 39142 2163 15 way way NN 39142 2163 16 usually usually RB 39142 2163 17 considered consider VBN 39142 2163 18 as as IN 39142 2163 19 probable probable JJ 39142 2163 20 , , , 39142 2163 21 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2163 22 may may MD 39142 2163 23 be be VB 39142 2163 24 practically practically RB 39142 2163 25 certain certain JJ 39142 2163 26 that that IN 39142 2163 27 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2163 28 has have VBZ 39142 2163 29 been be VBN 39142 2163 30 inhabited inhabit VBN 39142 2163 31 in in IN 39142 2163 32 the the DT 39142 2163 33 past past NN 39142 2163 34 , , , 39142 2163 35 when when WRB 39142 2163 36 water water NN 39142 2163 37 was be VBD 39142 2163 38 more more RBR 39142 2163 39 abundant abundant JJ 39142 2163 40 , , , 39142 2163 41 and and CC 39142 2163 42 the the DT 39142 2163 43 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2163 44 more more RBR 39142 2163 45 dense dense JJ 39142 2163 46 so so IN 39142 2163 47 as as IN 39142 2163 48 to to TO 39142 2163 49 retain retain VB 39142 2163 50 and and CC 39142 2163 51 diffuse diffuse VB 39142 2163 52 the the DT 39142 2163 53 solar solar JJ 39142 2163 54 heat heat NN 39142 2163 55 . . . 39142 2164 1 Biologists biologist NNS 39142 2164 2 tell tell VBP 39142 2164 3 me -PRON- PRP 39142 2164 4 that that IN 39142 2164 5 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2164 6 hardly hardly RB 39142 2164 7 know know VBP 39142 2164 8 enough enough JJ 39142 2164 9 regarding regard VBG 39142 2164 10 the the DT 39142 2164 11 extreme extreme JJ 39142 2164 12 adaptability adaptability NN 39142 2164 13 of of IN 39142 2164 14 organisms organism NNS 39142 2164 15 to to TO 39142 2164 16 environment environment VB 39142 2164 17 to to TO 39142 2164 18 enable enable VB 39142 2164 19 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2164 20 to to TO 39142 2164 21 say say VB 39142 2164 22 whether whether IN 39142 2164 23 life life NN 39142 2164 24 on on IN 39142 2164 25 such such PDT 39142 2164 26 a a DT 39142 2164 27 planet planet NN 39142 2164 28 as as IN 39142 2164 29 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2164 30 would would MD 39142 2164 31 or or CC 39142 2164 32 would would MD 39142 2164 33 not not RB 39142 2164 34 keep keep VB 39142 2164 35 on on RP 39142 2164 36 functioning function VBG 39142 2164 37 with with IN 39142 2164 38 secular secular JJ 39142 2164 39 changes change NNS 39142 2164 40 of of IN 39142 2164 41 moisture moisture NN 39142 2164 42 and and CC 39142 2164 43 temperature temperature NN 39142 2164 44 . . . 39142 2165 1 The the DT 39142 2165 2 survival survival NN 39142 2165 3 of of IN 39142 2165 4 a a DT 39142 2165 5 race race NN 39142 2165 6 might may MD 39142 2165 7 be be VB 39142 2165 8 insured insure VBN 39142 2165 9 against against IN 39142 2165 10 extremely extremely RB 39142 2165 11 low low JJ 39142 2165 12 temperatures temperature NNS 39142 2165 13 by by IN 39142 2165 14 dwelling dwell VBG 39142 2165 15 in in IN 39142 2165 16 sub sub JJ 39142 2165 17 - - JJ 39142 2165 18 Martian martian JJ 39142 2165 19 caves cave NNS 39142 2165 20 , , , 39142 2165 21 and and CC 39142 2165 22 sufficient sufficient JJ 39142 2165 23 water water NN 39142 2165 24 might may MD 39142 2165 25 be be VB 39142 2165 26 preserved preserve VBN 39142 2165 27 by by IN 39142 2165 28 conceivable conceivable JJ 39142 2165 29 engineering engineering NN 39142 2165 30 and and CC 39142 2165 31 mechanical mechanical JJ 39142 2165 32 schemes scheme NNS 39142 2165 33 ; ; : 39142 2165 34 but but CC 39142 2165 35 the the DT 39142 2165 36 secular secular JJ 39142 2165 37 reduction reduction NN 39142 2165 38 of of IN 39142 2165 39 the the DT 39142 2165 40 quantity quantity NN 39142 2165 41 and and CC 39142 2165 42 pressure pressure NN 39142 2165 43 of of IN 39142 2165 44 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2165 45 -- -- : 39142 2165 46 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2165 47 is be VBZ 39142 2165 48 not not RB 39142 2165 49 easy easy JJ 39142 2165 50 to to TO 39142 2165 51 see see VB 39142 2165 52 how how WRB 39142 2165 53 a a DT 39142 2165 54 race race NN 39142 2165 55 even even RB 39142 2165 56 more more RBR 39142 2165 57 advanced advanced JJ 39142 2165 58 than than IN 39142 2165 59 ourselves -PRON- PRP 39142 2165 60 could could MD 39142 2165 61 maintain maintain VB 39142 2165 62 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 2165 63 alive alive JJ 39142 2165 64 under under IN 39142 2165 65 serious serious JJ 39142 2165 66 lack lack NN 39142 2165 67 of of IN 39142 2165 68 an an DT 39142 2165 69 element element NN 39142 2165 70 so so RB 39142 2165 71 vital vital JJ 39142 2165 72 to to TO 39142 2165 73 existence existence VB 39142 2165 74 . . . 39142 2166 1 Both both DT 39142 2166 2 Wallace Wallace NNP 39142 2166 3 , , , 39142 2166 4 the the DT 39142 2166 5 great great JJ 39142 2166 6 biologist biologist NN 39142 2166 7 , , , 39142 2166 8 and and CC 39142 2166 9 Arrhenius Arrhenius NNP 39142 2166 10 , , , 39142 2166 11 the the DT 39142 2166 12 eminent eminent JJ 39142 2166 13 chemist chemist NN 39142 2166 14 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2166 15 but but CC 39142 2166 16 biologist biologist NNP 39142 2166 17 , , , 39142 2166 18 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 2166 19 , , , 39142 2166 20 and and CC 39142 2166 21 physicist physicist VB 39142 2166 22 as as RB 39142 2166 23 well well RB 39142 2166 24 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2166 25 , , , 39142 2166 26 both both DT 39142 2166 27 reject reject VBP 39142 2166 28 the the DT 39142 2166 29 habitation habitation NN 39142 2166 30 theory theory NN 39142 2166 31 of of IN 39142 2166 32 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2166 33 , , , 39142 2166 34 regarding regard VBG 39142 2166 35 the the DT 39142 2166 36 so so RB 39142 2166 37 - - HYPH 39142 2166 38 called call VBN 39142 2166 39 canals canal NNS 39142 2166 40 as as RB 39142 2166 41 quite quite RB 39142 2166 42 like like IN 39142 2166 43 the the DT 39142 2166 44 luminous luminous JJ 39142 2166 45 streaks streak NNS 39142 2166 46 on on IN 39142 2166 47 the the DT 39142 2166 48 moon moon NN 39142 2166 49 ; ; : 39142 2166 50 that that RB 39142 2166 51 is is RB 39142 2166 52 , , , 39142 2166 53 cracks crack NNS 39142 2166 54 in in IN 39142 2166 55 the the DT 39142 2166 56 volcanic volcanic JJ 39142 2166 57 crust crust NN 39142 2166 58 caused cause VBN 39142 2166 59 by by IN 39142 2166 60 internal internal JJ 39142 2166 61 strains strain NNS 39142 2166 62 due due JJ 39142 2166 63 to to IN 39142 2166 64 the the DT 39142 2166 65 heated heat VBN 39142 2166 66 interior interior NN 39142 2166 67 . . . 39142 2167 1 Wallace Wallace NNP 39142 2167 2 , , , 39142 2167 3 indeed indeed RB 39142 2167 4 , , , 39142 2167 5 argues argue VBZ 39142 2167 6 that that IN 39142 2167 7 the the DT 39142 2167 8 planet planet NN 39142 2167 9 is be VBZ 39142 2167 10 absolutely absolutely RB 39142 2167 11 uninhabitable uninhabitable JJ 39142 2167 12 . . . 39142 2168 1 The the DT 39142 2168 2 asteroids asteroid NNS 39142 2168 3 , , , 39142 2168 4 or or CC 39142 2168 5 minor minor JJ 39142 2168 6 planets planet NNS 39142 2168 7 ? ? . 39142 2169 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 2169 2 may may MD 39142 2169 3 dismiss dismiss VB 39142 2169 4 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2169 5 with with IN 39142 2169 6 the the DT 39142 2169 7 simple simple JJ 39142 2169 8 consideration consideration NN 39142 2169 9 that that IN 39142 2169 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2169 11 individual individual JJ 39142 2169 12 masses masse NNS 39142 2169 13 are be VBP 39142 2169 14 so so RB 39142 2169 15 insignificant insignificant JJ 39142 2169 16 and and CC 39142 2169 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2169 18 gravity gravity NN 39142 2169 19 so so RB 39142 2169 20 slight slight JJ 39142 2169 21 that that IN 39142 2169 22 no no DT 39142 2169 23 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2169 24 can can MD 39142 2169 25 possibly possibly RB 39142 2169 26 surround surround VB 39142 2169 27 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2169 28 . . . 39142 2170 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2170 2 temperatures temperature NNS 39142 2170 3 must must MD 39142 2170 4 be be VB 39142 2170 5 exceedingly exceedingly RB 39142 2170 6 low low JJ 39142 2170 7 , , , 39142 2170 8 and and CC 39142 2170 9 water water NN 39142 2170 10 , , , 39142 2170 11 if if IN 39142 2170 12 present present JJ 39142 2170 13 at at RB 39142 2170 14 all all RB 39142 2170 15 , , , 39142 2170 16 can can MD 39142 2170 17 only only RB 39142 2170 18 exist exist VB 39142 2170 19 in in IN 39142 2170 20 the the DT 39142 2170 21 form form NN 39142 2170 22 of of IN 39142 2170 23 ice ice NN 39142 2170 24 . . . 39142 2171 1 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2171 2 , , , 39142 2171 3 the the DT 39142 2171 4 giant giant JJ 39142 2171 5 planet planet NN 39142 2171 6 , , , 39142 2171 7 presents present VBZ 39142 2171 8 the the DT 39142 2171 9 opposite opposite JJ 39142 2171 10 extreme extreme NN 39142 2171 11 . . . 39142 2172 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2172 2 mass mass NN 39142 2172 3 is be VBZ 39142 2172 4 nearly nearly RB 39142 2172 5 a a DT 39142 2172 6 thousandth thousandth JJ 39142 2172 7 part part NN 39142 2172 8 of of IN 39142 2172 9 the the DT 39142 2172 10 sun sun NN 39142 2172 11 's 's POS 39142 2172 12 , , , 39142 2172 13 and and CC 39142 2172 14 is be VBZ 39142 2172 15 sufficient sufficient JJ 39142 2172 16 to to TO 39142 2172 17 retain retain VB 39142 2172 18 a a DT 39142 2172 19 very very RB 39142 2172 20 high high JJ 39142 2172 21 temperature temperature NN 39142 2172 22 , , , 39142 2172 23 probably probably RB 39142 2172 24 approximating approximate VBG 39142 2172 25 to to IN 39142 2172 26 the the DT 39142 2172 27 condition condition NN 39142 2172 28 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2172 29 call call VBP 39142 2172 30 red red JJ 39142 2172 31 - - HYPH 39142 2172 32 hot hot JJ 39142 2172 33 . . . 39142 2173 1 This this DT 39142 2173 2 precludes preclude VBZ 39142 2173 3 the the DT 39142 2173 4 possibility possibility NN 39142 2173 5 of of IN 39142 2173 6 life life NN 39142 2173 7 at at IN 39142 2173 8 the the DT 39142 2173 9 outset outset NN 39142 2173 10 , , , 39142 2173 11 although although IN 39142 2173 12 the the DT 39142 2173 13 indications indication NNS 39142 2173 14 of of IN 39142 2173 15 a a DT 39142 2173 16 very very RB 39142 2173 17 dense dense JJ 39142 2173 18 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2173 19 many many JJ 39142 2173 20 thousand thousand CD 39142 2173 21 miles mile NNS 39142 2173 22 in in IN 39142 2173 23 depth depth NN 39142 2173 24 are be VBP 39142 2173 25 unmistakable unmistakable JJ 39142 2173 26 . . . 39142 2174 1 Of of IN 39142 2174 2 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 2174 3 , , , 39142 2174 4 one one CD 39142 2174 5 thirty thirty CD 39142 2174 6 - - HYPH 39142 2174 7 five five CD 39142 2174 8 hundredth hundredth JJ 39142 2174 9 the the DT 39142 2174 10 mass mass NN 39142 2174 11 of of IN 39142 2174 12 the the DT 39142 2174 13 sun sun NN 39142 2174 14 , , , 39142 2174 15 practically practically RB 39142 2174 16 the the DT 39142 2174 17 same same JJ 39142 2174 18 may may MD 39142 2174 19 be be VB 39142 2174 20 said say VBN 39142 2174 21 . . . 39142 2175 1 Proctor proctor NN 39142 2175 2 thought think VBD 39142 2175 3 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2175 4 quite quite RB 39142 2175 5 likely likely RB 39142 2175 6 that that IN 39142 2175 7 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 2175 8 might may MD 39142 2175 9 be be VB 39142 2175 10 habitable habitable JJ 39142 2175 11 for for IN 39142 2175 12 living live VBG 39142 2175 13 creatures creature NNS 39142 2175 14 of of IN 39142 2175 15 some some DT 39142 2175 16 sort sort NN 39142 2175 17 , , , 39142 2175 18 but but CC 39142 2175 19 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2175 20 regarded regard VBD 39142 2175 21 the the DT 39142 2175 22 planet planet NN 39142 2175 23 as as IN 39142 2175 24 on on IN 39142 2175 25 many many JJ 39142 2175 26 accounts account NNS 39142 2175 27 unsuitable unsuitable JJ 39142 2175 28 as as IN 39142 2175 29 a a DT 39142 2175 30 habitation habitation NN 39142 2175 31 for for IN 39142 2175 32 beings being NNS 39142 2175 33 constituted constitute VBN 39142 2175 34 like like IN 39142 2175 35 ourselves -PRON- PRP 39142 2175 36 . . . 39142 2176 1 Mere mere JJ 39142 2176 2 consideration consideration NN 39142 2176 3 of of IN 39142 2176 4 surface surface NN 39142 2176 5 temperature temperature NN 39142 2176 6 precludes preclude VBZ 39142 2176 7 the the DT 39142 2176 8 possibility possibility NN 39142 2176 9 of of IN 39142 2176 10 life life NN 39142 2176 11 in in IN 39142 2176 12 the the DT 39142 2176 13 present present JJ 39142 2176 14 stage stage NN 39142 2176 15 of of IN 39142 2176 16 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 2176 17 's 's POS 39142 2176 18 development development NN 39142 2176 19 ; ; : 39142 2176 20 but but CC 39142 2176 21 the the DT 39142 2176 22 consensus consensus NN 39142 2176 23 of of IN 39142 2176 24 opinion opinion NN 39142 2176 25 is be VBZ 39142 2176 26 to to IN 39142 2176 27 the the DT 39142 2176 28 effect effect NN 39142 2176 29 that that IN 39142 2176 30 life life NN 39142 2176 31 may may MD 39142 2176 32 make make VB 39142 2176 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2176 34 appearance appearance NN 39142 2176 35 on on IN 39142 2176 36 these these DT 39142 2176 37 great great JJ 39142 2176 38 planets planet NNS 39142 2176 39 at at IN 39142 2176 40 some some DT 39142 2176 41 inconceivably inconceivably RB 39142 2176 42 remote remote JJ 39142 2176 43 epoch epoch NN 39142 2176 44 in in IN 39142 2176 45 the the DT 39142 2176 46 future future NN 39142 2176 47 when when WRB 39142 2176 48 the the DT 39142 2176 49 surface surface NN 39142 2176 50 temperature temperature NN 39142 2176 51 is be VBZ 39142 2176 52 sufficiently sufficiently RB 39142 2176 53 reduced reduce VBN 39142 2176 54 for for IN 39142 2176 55 life life NN 39142 2176 56 processes process NNS 39142 2176 57 to to TO 39142 2176 58 begin begin VB 39142 2176 59 . . . 39142 2177 1 Discoveries discovery NNS 39142 2177 2 of of IN 39142 2177 3 algæ algæ NNP 39142 2177 4 flourishing flourish VBG 39142 2177 5 in in IN 39142 2177 6 hot hot JJ 39142 2177 7 springs spring NNS 39142 2177 8 approaching approach VBG 39142 2177 9 200 200 CD 39142 2177 10 degrees degree NNS 39142 2177 11 Fahrenheit Fahrenheit NNP 39142 2177 12 make make VBP 39142 2177 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2177 14 possible possible JJ 39142 2177 15 that that IN 39142 2177 16 these these DT 39142 2177 17 beginnings beginning NNS 39142 2177 18 may may MD 39142 2177 19 take take VB 39142 2177 20 place place NN 39142 2177 21 earlier early RBR 39142 2177 22 and and CC 39142 2177 23 at at IN 39142 2177 24 much much RB 39142 2177 25 higher high JJR 39142 2177 26 temperatures temperature NNS 39142 2177 27 than than IN 39142 2177 28 have have VBP 39142 2177 29 hitherto hitherto VBN 39142 2177 30 been be VBN 39142 2177 31 thought think VBN 39142 2177 32 possible possible JJ 39142 2177 33 . . . 39142 2178 1 A a DT 39142 2178 2 century century NN 39142 2178 3 ago ago RB 39142 2178 4 , , , 39142 2178 5 when when WRB 39142 2178 6 the the DT 39142 2178 7 ring ring NN 39142 2178 8 of of IN 39142 2178 9 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 2178 10 was be VBD 39142 2178 11 believed believe VBN 39142 2178 12 to to TO 39142 2178 13 be be VB 39142 2178 14 a a DT 39142 2178 15 continuous continuous JJ 39142 2178 16 plane plane NN 39142 2178 17 , , , 39142 2178 18 this this DT 39142 2178 19 was be VBD 39142 2178 20 a a DT 39142 2178 21 favorite favorite JJ 39142 2178 22 corner corner NN 39142 2178 23 of of IN 39142 2178 24 the the DT 39142 2178 25 solar solar JJ 39142 2178 26 system system NN 39142 2178 27 for for IN 39142 2178 28 speculation speculation NN 39142 2178 29 as as IN 39142 2178 30 to to IN 39142 2178 31 habitability habitability NN 39142 2178 32 ; ; : 39142 2178 33 but but CC 39142 2178 34 now now RB 39142 2178 35 that that IN 39142 2178 36 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2178 37 know know VBP 39142 2178 38 the the DT 39142 2178 39 true true JJ 39142 2178 40 constitution constitution NN 39142 2178 41 of of IN 39142 2178 42 the the DT 39142 2178 43 rings ring NNS 39142 2178 44 , , , 39142 2178 45 no no DT 39142 2178 46 one one NN 39142 2178 47 would would MD 39142 2178 48 for for IN 39142 2178 49 a a DT 39142 2178 50 moment moment NN 39142 2178 51 consider consider VB 39142 2178 52 any any DT 39142 2178 53 such such JJ 39142 2178 54 possibility possibility NN 39142 2178 55 . . . 39142 2179 1 Conditions condition NNS 39142 2179 2 may may MD 39142 2179 3 , , , 39142 2179 4 however however RB 39142 2179 5 , , , 39142 2179 6 be be VB 39142 2179 7 quite quite RB 39142 2179 8 different different JJ 39142 2179 9 with with IN 39142 2179 10 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 2179 11 's 's POS 39142 2179 12 huge huge JJ 39142 2179 13 satellite satellite NN 39142 2179 14 Titan Titan NNP 39142 2179 15 , , , 39142 2179 16 the the DT 39142 2179 17 giant giant JJ 39142 2179 18 moon moon NN 39142 2179 19 of of IN 39142 2179 20 the the DT 39142 2179 21 solar solar JJ 39142 2179 22 system system NN 39142 2179 23 . . . 39142 2180 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2180 2 diameter diameter NN 39142 2180 3 makes make VBZ 39142 2180 4 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2180 5 approximately approximately RB 39142 2180 6 the the DT 39142 2180 7 size size NN 39142 2180 8 of of IN 39142 2180 9 the the DT 39142 2180 10 planet planet NN 39142 2180 11 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2180 12 ; ; : 39142 2180 13 and and CC 39142 2180 14 although although IN 39142 2180 15 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2180 16 is be VBZ 39142 2180 17 much much RB 39142 2180 18 farther far RBR 39142 2180 19 removed remove VBN 39142 2180 20 from from IN 39142 2180 21 the the DT 39142 2180 22 sun sun NN 39142 2180 23 , , , 39142 2180 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2180 25 relative relative JJ 39142 2180 26 nearness nearness NN 39142 2180 27 to to IN 39142 2180 28 the the DT 39142 2180 29 highly highly RB 39142 2180 30 heated heated JJ 39142 2180 31 globe globe NN 39142 2180 32 of of IN 39142 2180 33 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 2180 34 may may MD 39142 2180 35 provide provide VB 39142 2180 36 that that DT 39142 2180 37 equability equability NN 39142 2180 38 of of IN 39142 2180 39 temperature temperature NN 39142 2180 40 which which WDT 39142 2180 41 is be VBZ 39142 2180 42 essential essential JJ 39142 2180 43 to to IN 39142 2180 44 life life NN 39142 2180 45 processes process NNS 39142 2180 46 . . . 39142 2181 1 Also also RB 39142 2181 2 the the DT 39142 2181 3 three three CD 39142 2181 4 inner inner JJ 39142 2181 5 Galilean galilean JJ 39142 2181 6 moons moon NNS 39142 2181 7 of of IN 39142 2181 8 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2181 9 , , , 39142 2181 10 especially especially RB 39142 2181 11 III iii CD 39142 2181 12 which which WDT 39142 2181 13 is be VBZ 39142 2181 14 about about IN 39142 2181 15 the the DT 39142 2181 16 size size NN 39142 2181 17 of of IN 39142 2181 18 Titan Titan NNP 39142 2181 19 , , , 39142 2181 20 are be VBP 39142 2181 21 excellently excellently RB 39142 2181 22 placed place VBN 39142 2181 23 for for IN 39142 2181 24 life life NN 39142 2181 25 possibilities possibility NNS 39142 2181 26 , , , 39142 2181 27 as as RB 39142 2181 28 far far RB 39142 2181 29 as as IN 39142 2181 30 probable probable JJ 39142 2181 31 temperature temperature NN 39142 2181 32 is be VBZ 39142 2181 33 concerned concern VBN 39142 2181 34 , , , 39142 2181 35 but but CC 39142 2181 36 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2181 37 have have VBP 39142 2181 38 of of IN 39142 2181 39 course course NN 39142 2181 40 no no DT 39142 2181 41 basis basis NN 39142 2181 42 for for IN 39142 2181 43 surmising surmise VBG 39142 2181 44 what what WP 39142 2181 45 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2181 46 conditions condition NNS 39142 2181 47 may may MD 39142 2181 48 be be VB 39142 2181 49 as as IN 39142 2181 50 to to IN 39142 2181 51 air air NN 39142 2181 52 and and CC 39142 2181 53 water water NN 39142 2181 54 , , , 39142 2181 55 except except IN 39142 2181 56 that that IN 39142 2181 57 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2181 58 small small JJ 39142 2181 59 mass mass NN 39142 2181 60 would would MD 39142 2181 61 indicate indicate VB 39142 2181 62 a a DT 39142 2181 63 probable probable JJ 39142 2181 64 deficiency deficiency NN 39142 2181 65 of of IN 39142 2181 66 those those DT 39142 2181 67 elements element NNS 39142 2181 68 . . . 39142 2182 1 Uranus Uranus NNP 39142 2182 2 and and CC 39142 2182 3 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 2182 4 are be VBP 39142 2182 5 planets planet NNS 39142 2182 6 so so RB 39142 2182 7 remote remote JJ 39142 2182 8 , , , 39142 2182 9 and and CC 39142 2182 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2182 11 apparent apparent JJ 39142 2182 12 disks disk NNS 39142 2182 13 are be VBP 39142 2182 14 so so RB 39142 2182 15 small small JJ 39142 2182 16 , , , 39142 2182 17 that that DT 39142 2182 18 very very RB 39142 2182 19 little little JJ 39142 2182 20 is be VBZ 39142 2182 21 known know VBN 39142 2182 22 about about IN 39142 2182 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2182 24 physical physical JJ 39142 2182 25 condition condition NN 39142 2182 26 . . . 39142 2183 1 They -PRON- PRP 39142 2183 2 are be VBP 39142 2183 3 each each DT 39142 2183 4 about about RB 39142 2183 5 one one CD 39142 2183 6 - - HYPH 39142 2183 7 third third NN 39142 2183 8 the the DT 39142 2183 9 diameter diameter NN 39142 2183 10 of of IN 39142 2183 11 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2183 12 , , , 39142 2183 13 and and CC 39142 2183 14 the the DT 39142 2183 15 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 2183 16 of of IN 39142 2183 17 Uranus Uranus NNP 39142 2183 18 shows show VBZ 39142 2183 19 broad broad RB 39142 2183 20 diffused diffuse VBN 39142 2183 21 bands band NNS 39142 2183 22 , , , 39142 2183 23 indicating indicate VBG 39142 2183 24 strong strong JJ 39142 2183 25 absorption absorption NN 39142 2183 26 by by IN 39142 2183 27 a a DT 39142 2183 28 dense dense JJ 39142 2183 29 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2183 30 very very RB 39142 2183 31 different different JJ 39142 2183 32 from from IN 39142 2183 33 that that DT 39142 2183 34 of of IN 39142 2183 35 the the DT 39142 2183 36 earth earth NN 39142 2183 37 . . . 39142 2184 1 Indications indication NNS 39142 2184 2 are be VBP 39142 2184 3 that that IN 39142 2184 4 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 2184 5 has have VBZ 39142 2184 6 a a DT 39142 2184 7 similar similar JJ 39142 2184 8 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2184 9 . . . 39142 2185 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 2185 2 is be VBZ 39142 2185 3 possible possible JJ 39142 2185 4 that that IN 39142 2185 5 the the DT 39142 2185 6 denser denser NN 39142 2185 7 atmospheres atmosphere NNS 39142 2185 8 of of IN 39142 2185 9 these these DT 39142 2185 10 remote remote JJ 39142 2185 11 planets planet NNS 39142 2185 12 may may MD 39142 2185 13 be be VB 39142 2185 14 so so RB 39142 2185 15 conditioned condition VBN 39142 2185 16 as as IN 39142 2185 17 to to IN 39142 2185 18 selective selective JJ 39142 2185 19 absorption absorption NN 39142 2185 20 that that IN 39142 2185 21 the the DT 39142 2185 22 relatively relatively RB 39142 2185 23 slender slend JJR 39142 2185 24 supply supply NN 39142 2185 25 of of IN 39142 2185 26 solar solar JJ 39142 2185 27 heat heat NN 39142 2185 28 may may MD 39142 2185 29 be be VB 39142 2185 30 conserved conserve VBN 39142 2185 31 , , , 39142 2185 32 and and CC 39142 2185 33 thus thus RB 39142 2185 34 insure insure VB 39142 2185 35 a a DT 39142 2185 36 relatively relatively RB 39142 2185 37 high high JJ 39142 2185 38 surface surface NN 39142 2185 39 temperature temperature NN 39142 2185 40 when when WRB 39142 2185 41 the the DT 39142 2185 42 sun sun NN 39142 2185 43 comes come VBZ 39142 2185 44 into into IN 39142 2185 45 control control NN 39142 2185 46 . . . 39142 2186 1 If if IN 39142 2186 2 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2186 3 theories theory NNS 39142 2186 4 of of IN 39142 2186 5 origin origin NN 39142 2186 6 of of IN 39142 2186 7 the the DT 39142 2186 8 planets planet NNS 39142 2186 9 are be VBP 39142 2186 10 to to TO 39142 2186 11 be be VB 39142 2186 12 trusted trust VBN 39142 2186 13 , , , 39142 2186 14 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2186 15 may may MD 39142 2186 16 rather rather RB 39142 2186 17 suppose suppose VB 39142 2186 18 that that IN 39142 2186 19 Uranus Uranus NNP 39142 2186 20 and and CC 39142 2186 21 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 2186 22 are be VBP 39142 2186 23 still still RB 39142 2186 24 in in IN 39142 2186 25 a a DT 39142 2186 26 highly highly RB 39142 2186 27 heated heated JJ 39142 2186 28 condition condition NN 39142 2186 29 ; ; : 39142 2186 30 that that DT 39142 2186 31 life life NN 39142 2186 32 has have VBZ 39142 2186 33 not not RB 39142 2186 34 yet yet RB 39142 2186 35 made make VBN 39142 2186 36 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2186 37 appearance appearance NN 39142 2186 38 on on IN 39142 2186 39 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2186 40 , , , 39142 2186 41 but but CC 39142 2186 42 that that IN 39142 2186 43 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2186 44 will will MD 39142 2186 45 begin begin VB 39142 2186 46 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2186 47 development development NN 39142 2186 48 ages age NNS 39142 2186 49 before before IN 39142 2186 50 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 2186 51 and and CC 39142 2186 52 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2186 53 have have VBP 39142 2186 54 cooled cool VBN 39142 2186 55 to to IN 39142 2186 56 the the DT 39142 2186 57 requisite requisite JJ 39142 2186 58 temperature temperature NN 39142 2186 59 . . . 39142 2187 1 Comets comet NNS 39142 2187 2 ? ? . 39142 2188 1 In in IN 39142 2188 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2188 3 _ _ NNP 39142 2188 4 Lettres Lettres NNP 39142 2188 5 Cosmologiques Cosmologiques NNPS 39142 2188 6 _ _ NNP 39142 2188 7 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2188 8 1765 1765 CD 39142 2188 9 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2188 10 Lambert Lambert NNP 39142 2188 11 considers consider VBZ 39142 2188 12 the the DT 39142 2188 13 question question NN 39142 2188 14 of of IN 39142 2188 15 habitability habitability NN 39142 2188 16 of of IN 39142 2188 17 the the DT 39142 2188 18 comets comet NNS 39142 2188 19 , , , 39142 2188 20 naturally naturally RB 39142 2188 21 enough enough RB 39142 2188 22 in in IN 39142 2188 23 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2188 24 day day NN 39142 2188 25 , , , 39142 2188 26 because because IN 39142 2188 27 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2188 28 thought think VBD 39142 2188 29 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2188 30 solid solid JJ 39142 2188 31 bodies body NNS 39142 2188 32 surrounded surround VBN 39142 2188 33 by by IN 39142 2188 34 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2188 35 , , , 39142 2188 36 and and CC 39142 2188 37 related relate VBN 39142 2188 38 to to IN 39142 2188 39 the the DT 39142 2188 40 planets planet NNS 39142 2188 41 . . . 39142 2189 1 The the DT 39142 2189 2 extremes extreme NNS 39142 2189 3 of of IN 39142 2189 4 temperature temperature NN 39142 2189 5 at at IN 39142 2189 6 perihelia perihelia NNP 39142 2189 7 and and CC 39142 2189 8 aphelia aphelia NNP 39142 2189 9 to to TO 39142 2189 10 which which WDT 39142 2189 11 comets comet NNS 39142 2189 12 are be VBP 39142 2189 13 subjected subject VBN 39142 2189 14 did do VBD 39142 2189 15 not not RB 39142 2189 16 bother bother VB 39142 2189 17 him -PRON- PRP 39142 2189 18 particularly particularly RB 39142 2189 19 . . . 39142 2190 1 After after IN 39142 2190 2 calculating calculate VBG 39142 2190 3 that that IN 39142 2190 4 the the DT 39142 2190 5 comet comet NN 39142 2190 6 of of IN 39142 2190 7 1680 1680 CD 39142 2190 8 , , , 39142 2190 9 " " '' 39142 2190 10 being be VBG 39142 2190 11 160 160 CD 39142 2190 12 times time NNS 39142 2190 13 nearer nearer RB 39142 2190 14 to to IN 39142 2190 15 the the DT 39142 2190 16 sun sun NN 39142 2190 17 than than IN 39142 2190 18 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2190 19 are be VBP 39142 2190 20 ourselves -PRON- PRP 39142 2190 21 , , , 39142 2190 22 must must MD 39142 2190 23 have have VB 39142 2190 24 been be VBN 39142 2190 25 subjected subject VBN 39142 2190 26 to to IN 39142 2190 27 a a DT 39142 2190 28 degree degree NN 39142 2190 29 of of IN 39142 2190 30 heat heat NN 39142 2190 31 25,600 25,600 CD 39142 2190 32 times time NNS 39142 2190 33 as as RB 39142 2190 34 great great JJ 39142 2190 35 as as IN 39142 2190 36 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2190 37 are be VBP 39142 2190 38 , , , 39142 2190 39 " " '' 39142 2190 40 Lambert Lambert NNP 39142 2190 41 goes go VBZ 39142 2190 42 on on RP 39142 2190 43 to to TO 39142 2190 44 say say VB 39142 2190 45 : : : 39142 2190 46 " " `` 39142 2190 47 Whether whether IN 39142 2190 48 this this DT 39142 2190 49 comet comet NN 39142 2190 50 was be VBD 39142 2190 51 of of IN 39142 2190 52 a a DT 39142 2190 53 more more RBR 39142 2190 54 compact compact JJ 39142 2190 55 substance substance NN 39142 2190 56 than than IN 39142 2190 57 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2190 58 globe globe NN 39142 2190 59 , , , 39142 2190 60 or or CC 39142 2190 61 was be VBD 39142 2190 62 protected protect VBN 39142 2190 63 in in IN 39142 2190 64 some some DT 39142 2190 65 other other JJ 39142 2190 66 way way NN 39142 2190 67 , , , 39142 2190 68 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2190 69 made make VBD 39142 2190 70 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2190 71 perihelion perihelion NN 39142 2190 72 passage passage NN 39142 2190 73 in in IN 39142 2190 74 safety safety NN 39142 2190 75 , , , 39142 2190 76 and and CC 39142 2190 77 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2190 78 may may MD 39142 2190 79 suppose suppose VB 39142 2190 80 all all PDT 39142 2190 81 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2190 82 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 39142 2190 83 also also RB 39142 2190 84 passed pass VBD 39142 2190 85 safely safely RB 39142 2190 86 . . . 39142 2191 1 No no RB 39142 2191 2 doubt doubt RB 39142 2191 3 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2191 4 would would MD 39142 2191 5 have have VB 39142 2191 6 to to TO 39142 2191 7 be be VB 39142 2191 8 of of IN 39142 2191 9 a a DT 39142 2191 10 more more RBR 39142 2191 11 vigorous vigorous JJ 39142 2191 12 temperament temperament NN 39142 2191 13 and and CC 39142 2191 14 of of IN 39142 2191 15 a a DT 39142 2191 16 constitution constitution NN 39142 2191 17 very very RB 39142 2191 18 different different JJ 39142 2191 19 from from IN 39142 2191 20 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2191 21 own own JJ 39142 2191 22 . . . 39142 2192 1 But but CC 39142 2192 2 why why WRB 39142 2192 3 should should MD 39142 2192 4 all all DT 39142 2192 5 living live VBG 39142 2192 6 beings being NNS 39142 2192 7 necessarily necessarily RB 39142 2192 8 be be VB 39142 2192 9 constituted constitute VBN 39142 2192 10 like like IN 39142 2192 11 ourselves -PRON- PRP 39142 2192 12 ? ? . 39142 2193 1 Is be VBZ 39142 2193 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2193 3 not not RB 39142 2193 4 infinitely infinitely RB 39142 2193 5 more more RBR 39142 2193 6 probable probable JJ 39142 2193 7 that that IN 39142 2193 8 amongst amongst IN 39142 2193 9 the the DT 39142 2193 10 different different JJ 39142 2193 11 globes globe NNS 39142 2193 12 of of IN 39142 2193 13 the the DT 39142 2193 14 universe universe NN 39142 2193 15 a a DT 39142 2193 16 variety variety NN 39142 2193 17 of of IN 39142 2193 18 organizations organization NNS 39142 2193 19 exist exist VBP 39142 2193 20 , , , 39142 2193 21 adapted adapt VBN 39142 2193 22 to to IN 39142 2193 23 the the DT 39142 2193 24 wants want NNS 39142 2193 25 of of IN 39142 2193 26 the the DT 39142 2193 27 people people NNS 39142 2193 28 who who WP 39142 2193 29 inhabit inhabit VBP 39142 2193 30 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2193 31 , , , 39142 2193 32 and and CC 39142 2193 33 fitting fit VBG 39142 2193 34 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2193 35 for for IN 39142 2193 36 the the DT 39142 2193 37 places place NNS 39142 2193 38 in in IN 39142 2193 39 which which WDT 39142 2193 40 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2193 41 dwell dwell VBP 39142 2193 42 , , , 39142 2193 43 and and CC 39142 2193 44 the the DT 39142 2193 45 temperatures temperature NNS 39142 2193 46 to to TO 39142 2193 47 which which WDT 39142 2193 48 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2193 49 will will MD 39142 2193 50 be be VB 39142 2193 51 subjected subject VBN 39142 2193 52 ? ? . 39142 2194 1 Is be VBZ 39142 2194 2 man man NN 39142 2194 3 the the DT 39142 2194 4 only only JJ 39142 2194 5 inhabitant inhabitant NN 39142 2194 6 of of IN 39142 2194 7 the the DT 39142 2194 8 earth earth NN 39142 2194 9 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 2194 10 ? ? . 39142 2195 1 And and CC 39142 2195 2 if if IN 39142 2195 3 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2195 4 had have VBD 39142 2195 5 never never RB 39142 2195 6 seen see VBN 39142 2195 7 either either CC 39142 2195 8 bird bird NN 39142 2195 9 or or CC 39142 2195 10 fish fish NN 39142 2195 11 , , , 39142 2195 12 should should MD 39142 2195 13 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2195 14 not not RB 39142 2195 15 believe believe VB 39142 2195 16 that that IN 39142 2195 17 the the DT 39142 2195 18 air air NN 39142 2195 19 and and CC 39142 2195 20 water water NN 39142 2195 21 were be VBD 39142 2195 22 uninhabitable uninhabitable JJ 39142 2195 23 ? ? . 39142 2196 1 Are be VBP 39142 2196 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2196 3 sure sure JJ 39142 2196 4 that that IN 39142 2196 5 fire fire NN 39142 2196 6 has have VBZ 39142 2196 7 not not RB 39142 2196 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2196 9 invisible invisible JJ 39142 2196 10 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 39142 2196 11 , , , 39142 2196 12 whose whose WP$ 39142 2196 13 bodies body NNS 39142 2196 14 , , , 39142 2196 15 made make VBN 39142 2196 16 of of IN 39142 2196 17 asbestos asbestos NN 39142 2196 18 , , , 39142 2196 19 are be VBP 39142 2196 20 impenetrable impenetrable JJ 39142 2196 21 to to TO 39142 2196 22 flame flame VB 39142 2196 23 ? ? . 39142 2197 1 Let let VB 39142 2197 2 us -PRON- PRP 39142 2197 3 admit admit VB 39142 2197 4 that that IN 39142 2197 5 the the DT 39142 2197 6 nature nature NN 39142 2197 7 of of IN 39142 2197 8 the the DT 39142 2197 9 beings being NNS 39142 2197 10 who who WP 39142 2197 11 inhabit inhabit VBP 39142 2197 12 comets comet NNS 39142 2197 13 is be VBZ 39142 2197 14 unknown unknown JJ 39142 2197 15 to to IN 39142 2197 16 us -PRON- PRP 39142 2197 17 ; ; : 39142 2197 18 but but CC 39142 2197 19 let let VB 39142 2197 20 us -PRON- PRP 39142 2197 21 not not RB 39142 2197 22 deny deny VB 39142 2197 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2197 24 existence existence NN 39142 2197 25 , , , 39142 2197 26 and and CC 39142 2197 27 still still RB 39142 2197 28 less less JJR 39142 2197 29 the the DT 39142 2197 30 possibility possibility NN 39142 2197 31 of of IN 39142 2197 32 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2197 33 . . . 39142 2197 34 " " '' 39142 2198 1 Little little JJ 39142 2198 2 enough enough JJ 39142 2198 3 is be VBZ 39142 2198 4 really really RB 39142 2198 5 known know VBN 39142 2198 6 about about IN 39142 2198 7 the the DT 39142 2198 8 physical physical JJ 39142 2198 9 nature nature NN 39142 2198 10 of of IN 39142 2198 11 comets comet NNS 39142 2198 12 even even RB 39142 2198 13 now now RB 39142 2198 14 , , , 39142 2198 15 but but CC 39142 2198 16 what what WP 39142 2198 17 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2198 18 do do VBP 39142 2198 19 know know VB 39142 2198 20 indicates indicate VBZ 39142 2198 21 incessant incessant JJ 39142 2198 22 transformation transformation NN 39142 2198 23 and and CC 39142 2198 24 instability instability NN 39142 2198 25 of of IN 39142 2198 26 conditions condition NNS 39142 2198 27 that that WDT 39142 2198 28 would would MD 39142 2198 29 render render VB 39142 2198 30 life life NN 39142 2198 31 of of IN 39142 2198 32 any any DT 39142 2198 33 type type NN 39142 2198 34 exceedingly exceedingly RB 39142 2198 35 difficult difficult JJ 39142 2198 36 of of IN 39142 2198 37 maintenance maintenance NN 39142 2198 38 . . . 39142 2199 1 A a DT 39142 2199 2 word word NN 39142 2199 3 about about IN 39142 2199 4 Sir Sir NNP 39142 2199 5 William William NNP 39142 2199 6 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 2199 7 's 's POS 39142 2199 8 theory theory NN 39142 2199 9 of of IN 39142 2199 10 the the DT 39142 2199 11 sun sun NN 39142 2199 12 and and CC 39142 2199 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2199 14 habitability habitability NN 39142 2199 15 . . . 39142 2200 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 2200 2 thought think VBD 39142 2200 3 the the DT 39142 2200 4 core core NN 39142 2200 5 of of IN 39142 2200 6 the the DT 39142 2200 7 sun sun NN 39142 2200 8 a a DT 39142 2200 9 dark dark JJ 39142 2200 10 , , , 39142 2200 11 solid solid JJ 39142 2200 12 body body NN 39142 2200 13 , , , 39142 2200 14 quite quite RB 39142 2200 15 cold cold JJ 39142 2200 16 , , , 39142 2200 17 and and CC 39142 2200 18 surrounded surround VBN 39142 2200 19 by by IN 39142 2200 20 a a DT 39142 2200 21 double double JJ 39142 2200 22 layer layer NN 39142 2200 23 , , , 39142 2200 24 the the DT 39142 2200 25 inner inner JJ 39142 2200 26 one one CD 39142 2200 27 of of IN 39142 2200 28 which which WDT 39142 2200 29 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2200 30 conceived conceive VBD 39142 2200 31 to to TO 39142 2200 32 act act VB 39142 2200 33 as as IN 39142 2200 34 a a DT 39142 2200 35 sort sort NN 39142 2200 36 of of IN 39142 2200 37 fire fire NN 39142 2200 38 screen screen NN 39142 2200 39 to to TO 39142 2200 40 shield shield VB 39142 2200 41 the the DT 39142 2200 42 sun sun NN 39142 2200 43 proper proper JJ 39142 2200 44 against against IN 39142 2200 45 the the DT 39142 2200 46 intense intense JJ 39142 2200 47 heat heat NN 39142 2200 48 of of IN 39142 2200 49 the the DT 39142 2200 50 outer outer JJ 39142 2200 51 layer layer NN 39142 2200 52 , , , 39142 2200 53 or or CC 39142 2200 54 photosphere photosphere RB 39142 2200 55 by by IN 39142 2200 56 which which WDT 39142 2200 57 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2200 58 see see VBP 39142 2200 59 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2200 60 . . . 39142 2201 1 Viewed view VBN 39142 2201 2 in in IN 39142 2201 3 this this DT 39142 2201 4 light light NN 39142 2201 5 , , , 39142 2201 6 the the DT 39142 2201 7 sun sun NN 39142 2201 8 , , , 39142 2201 9 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2201 10 says say VBZ 39142 2201 11 , , , 39142 2201 12 " " `` 39142 2201 13 appears appear VBZ 39142 2201 14 to to TO 39142 2201 15 be be VB 39142 2201 16 nothing nothing NN 39142 2201 17 else else RB 39142 2201 18 than than IN 39142 2201 19 a a DT 39142 2201 20 very very RB 39142 2201 21 eminent eminent JJ 39142 2201 22 , , , 39142 2201 23 large large JJ 39142 2201 24 and and CC 39142 2201 25 lucid lucid JJ 39142 2201 26 planet planet NN 39142 2201 27 , , , 39142 2201 28 evidently evidently RB 39142 2201 29 the the DT 39142 2201 30 first first JJ 39142 2201 31 , , , 39142 2201 32 or or CC 39142 2201 33 , , , 39142 2201 34 in in IN 39142 2201 35 strictness strictness NN 39142 2201 36 of of IN 39142 2201 37 speaking speaking NN 39142 2201 38 , , , 39142 2201 39 the the DT 39142 2201 40 only only JJ 39142 2201 41 primary primary JJ 39142 2201 42 one one CD 39142 2201 43 of of IN 39142 2201 44 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2201 45 system system NN 39142 2201 46 .... .... . 39142 2202 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 2202 2 is be VBZ 39142 2202 3 most most RBS 39142 2202 4 probably probably RB 39142 2202 5 also also RB 39142 2202 6 inhabited inhabit VBN 39142 2202 7 , , , 39142 2202 8 like like IN 39142 2202 9 the the DT 39142 2202 10 rest rest NN 39142 2202 11 of of IN 39142 2202 12 the the DT 39142 2202 13 planets planet NNS 39142 2202 14 , , , 39142 2202 15 by by IN 39142 2202 16 beings being NNS 39142 2202 17 whose whose WP$ 39142 2202 18 organs organ NNS 39142 2202 19 are be VBP 39142 2202 20 adapted adapt VBN 39142 2202 21 to to IN 39142 2202 22 the the DT 39142 2202 23 peculiar peculiar JJ 39142 2202 24 circumstances circumstance NNS 39142 2202 25 of of IN 39142 2202 26 that that DT 39142 2202 27 vast vast JJ 39142 2202 28 globe globe NN 39142 2202 29 . . . 39142 2202 30 " " '' 39142 2203 1 But but CC 39142 2203 2 physics physics NN 39142 2203 3 and and CC 39142 2203 4 biology biology NN 39142 2203 5 were be VBD 39142 2203 6 undeveloped undeveloped JJ 39142 2203 7 sciences science NNS 39142 2203 8 in in IN 39142 2203 9 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 2203 10 's 's POS 39142 2203 11 days day NNS 39142 2203 12 . . . 39142 2204 1 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 2204 2 knew know VBD 39142 2204 3 , , , 39142 2204 4 however however RB 39142 2204 5 , , , 39142 2204 6 that that IN 39142 2204 7 the the DT 39142 2204 8 stars star NNS 39142 2204 9 are be VBP 39142 2204 10 all all DT 39142 2204 11 suns sun NNS 39142 2204 12 , , , 39142 2204 13 so so IN 39142 2204 14 that that IN 39142 2204 15 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2204 16 must must MD 39142 2204 17 have have VB 39142 2204 18 conceived conceive VBN 39142 2204 19 that that IN 39142 2204 20 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2204 21 are be VBP 39142 2204 22 inhabited inhabit VBN 39142 2204 23 also also RB 39142 2204 24 , , , 39142 2204 25 quite quite RB 39142 2204 26 independently independently RB 39142 2204 27 of of IN 39142 2204 28 the the DT 39142 2204 29 question question NN 39142 2204 30 whether whether IN 39142 2204 31 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2204 32 possess possess VBP 39142 2204 33 retinues retinue NNS 39142 2204 34 of of IN 39142 2204 35 planets planet NNS 39142 2204 36 , , , 39142 2204 37 after after IN 39142 2204 38 the the DT 39142 2204 39 manner manner NN 39142 2204 40 of of IN 39142 2204 41 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2204 42 solar solar JJ 39142 2204 43 system system NN 39142 2204 44 . . . 39142 2205 1 This this DT 39142 2205 2 again again RB 39142 2205 3 is be VBZ 39142 2205 4 a a DT 39142 2205 5 question question NN 39142 2205 6 to to TO 39142 2205 7 which which WDT 39142 2205 8 the the DT 39142 2205 9 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 2205 10 of of IN 39142 2205 11 the the DT 39142 2205 12 present present JJ 39142 2205 13 day day NN 39142 2205 14 can can MD 39142 2205 15 give give VB 39142 2205 16 no no DT 39142 2205 17 certain certain JJ 39142 2205 18 answer answer NN 39142 2205 19 . . . 39142 2206 1 So so RB 39142 2206 2 immensely immensely RB 39142 2206 3 distant distant JJ 39142 2206 4 are be VBP 39142 2206 5 even even RB 39142 2206 6 the the DT 39142 2206 7 nearest near JJS 39142 2206 8 of of IN 39142 2206 9 these these DT 39142 2206 10 multitudinous multitudinous JJ 39142 2206 11 bodies body NNS 39142 2206 12 that that WDT 39142 2206 13 no no DT 39142 2206 14 telescope telescope NN 39142 2206 15 can can MD 39142 2206 16 ever ever RB 39142 2206 17 be be VB 39142 2206 18 built build VBN 39142 2206 19 large large JJ 39142 2206 20 enough enough RB 39142 2206 21 or or CC 39142 2206 22 powerful powerful JJ 39142 2206 23 enough enough RB 39142 2206 24 to to TO 39142 2206 25 reveal reveal VB 39142 2206 26 a a DT 39142 2206 27 dark dark JJ 39142 2206 28 planet planet NN 39142 2206 29 as as RB 39142 2206 30 large large JJ 39142 2206 31 as as IN 39142 2206 32 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2206 33 , , , 39142 2206 34 alongside alongside IN 39142 2206 35 even even RB 39142 2206 36 the the DT 39142 2206 37 nearest near JJS 39142 2206 38 fixed fix VBN 39142 2206 39 star star NN 39142 2206 40 . . . 39142 2207 1 Whatever whatever WDT 39142 2207 2 may may MD 39142 2207 3 be be VB 39142 2207 4 the the DT 39142 2207 5 process process NN 39142 2207 6 of of IN 39142 2207 7 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2207 8 evolution evolution NN 39142 2207 9 , , , 39142 2207 10 there there EX 39142 2207 11 doubtless doubtless RB 39142 2207 12 is be VBZ 39142 2207 13 an an DT 39142 2207 14 era era NN 39142 2207 15 of of IN 39142 2207 16 many many JJ 39142 2207 17 hundreds hundred NNS 39142 2207 18 of of IN 39142 2207 19 millions million NNS 39142 2207 20 of of IN 39142 2207 21 years year NNS 39142 2207 22 in in IN 39142 2207 23 the the DT 39142 2207 24 life life NN 39142 2207 25 of of IN 39142 2207 26 a a DT 39142 2207 27 star star NN 39142 2207 28 when when WRB 39142 2207 29 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2207 30 is be VBZ 39142 2207 31 passing pass VBG 39142 2207 32 through through IN 39142 2207 33 a a DT 39142 2207 34 planet planet NN 39142 2207 35 - - HYPH 39142 2207 36 maintaining maintain VBG 39142 2207 37 stage stage NN 39142 2207 38 . . . 39142 2208 1 This this DT 39142 2208 2 would would MD 39142 2208 3 likely likely RB 39142 2208 4 depend depend VB 39142 2208 5 upon upon IN 39142 2208 6 spectral spectral JJ 39142 2208 7 type type NN 39142 2208 8 , , , 39142 2208 9 or or CC 39142 2208 10 to to TO 39142 2208 11 be be VB 39142 2208 12 indicated indicate VBN 39142 2208 13 by by IN 39142 2208 14 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2208 15 ; ; : 39142 2208 16 and and CC 39142 2208 17 as as IN 39142 2208 18 about about IN 39142 2208 19 half half NN 39142 2208 20 of of IN 39142 2208 21 the the DT 39142 2208 22 stars star NNS 39142 2208 23 are be VBP 39142 2208 24 of of IN 39142 2208 25 the the DT 39142 2208 26 solar solar JJ 39142 2208 27 type type NN 39142 2208 28 , , , 39142 2208 29 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2208 30 would would MD 39142 2208 31 be be VB 39142 2208 32 a a DT 39142 2208 33 reasonable reasonable JJ 39142 2208 34 inference inference NN 39142 2208 35 that that IN 39142 2208 36 at at RB 39142 2208 37 least least RBS 39142 2208 38 half half NN 39142 2208 39 of of IN 39142 2208 40 the the DT 39142 2208 41 stars star NNS 39142 2208 42 may may MD 39142 2208 43 have have VB 39142 2208 44 planets planet NNS 39142 2208 45 tributary tributary JJ 39142 2208 46 to to IN 39142 2208 47 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2208 48 . . . 39142 2209 1 In in IN 39142 2209 2 such such PDT 39142 2209 3 a a DT 39142 2209 4 case case NN 39142 2209 5 , , , 39142 2209 6 the the DT 39142 2209 7 chances chance NNS 39142 2209 8 must must MD 39142 2209 9 be be VB 39142 2209 10 overwhelmingly overwhelmingly RB 39142 2209 11 in in IN 39142 2209 12 favor favor NN 39142 2209 13 of of IN 39142 2209 14 vast vast JJ 39142 2209 15 numbers number NNS 39142 2209 16 of of IN 39142 2209 17 the the DT 39142 2209 18 planets planet NNS 39142 2209 19 of of IN 39142 2209 20 other other JJ 39142 2209 21 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2209 22 systems system NNS 39142 2209 23 being be VBG 39142 2209 24 favorably favorably RB 39142 2209 25 circumstanced circumstance VBN 39142 2209 26 as as IN 39142 2209 27 to to TO 39142 2209 28 heat heat NN 39142 2209 29 and and CC 39142 2209 30 moisture moisture NN 39142 2209 31 for for IN 39142 2209 32 the the DT 39142 2209 33 maintenance maintenance NN 39142 2209 34 of of IN 39142 2209 35 life life NN 39142 2209 36 at at IN 39142 2209 37 the the DT 39142 2209 38 present present JJ 39142 2209 39 time time NN 39142 2209 40 . . . 39142 2210 1 That that RB 39142 2210 2 is is RB 39142 2210 3 , , , 39142 2210 4 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2210 5 are be VBP 39142 2210 6 habitable habitable JJ 39142 2210 7 , , , 39142 2210 8 and and CC 39142 2210 9 if if IN 39142 2210 10 habitable habitable JJ 39142 2210 11 , , , 39142 2210 12 then then RB 39142 2210 13 thousands thousand NNS 39142 2210 14 of of IN 39142 2210 15 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2210 16 are be VBP 39142 2210 17 no no RB 39142 2210 18 doubt doubt RB 39142 2210 19 inhabited inhabit VBN 39142 2210 20 now now RB 39142 2210 21 . . . 39142 2211 1 But but CC 39142 2211 2 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2211 3 know know VBP 39142 2211 4 absolutely absolutely RB 39142 2211 5 nothing nothing NN 39142 2211 6 about about IN 39142 2211 7 this this DT 39142 2211 8 question question NN 39142 2211 9 , , , 39142 2211 10 nor nor CC 39142 2211 11 are be VBP 39142 2211 12 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2211 13 able able JJ 39142 2211 14 to to TO 39142 2211 15 conceive conceive VB 39142 2211 16 at at IN 39142 2211 17 present present JJ 39142 2211 18 any any DT 39142 2211 19 way way NN 39142 2211 20 that that WDT 39142 2211 21 may may MD 39142 2211 22 lead lead VB 39142 2211 23 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2211 24 to to IN 39142 2211 25 any any DT 39142 2211 26 definite definite JJ 39142 2211 27 knowledge knowledge NN 39142 2211 28 of of IN 39142 2211 29 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2211 30 . . . 39142 2212 1 There there EX 39142 2212 2 is be VBZ 39142 2212 3 , , , 39142 2212 4 indeed indeed RB 39142 2212 5 , , , 39142 2212 6 one one CD 39142 2212 7 piece piece NN 39142 2212 8 of of IN 39142 2212 9 quasi quasi JJ 39142 2212 10 - - NN 39142 2212 11 evidence evidence NN 39142 2212 12 which which WDT 39142 2212 13 might may MD 39142 2212 14 reasonably reasonably RB 39142 2212 15 be be VB 39142 2212 16 interpreted interpret VBN 39142 2212 17 as as IN 39142 2212 18 implying implying JJ 39142 2212 19 that that IN 39142 2212 20 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2212 21 is be VBZ 39142 2212 22 more more RBR 39142 2212 23 likely likely JJ 39142 2212 24 that that IN 39142 2212 25 the the DT 39142 2212 26 stars star NNS 39142 2212 27 are be VBP 39142 2212 28 not not RB 39142 2212 29 attended attend VBN 39142 2212 30 by by IN 39142 2212 31 families family NNS 39142 2212 32 of of IN 39142 2212 33 planets planet NNS 39142 2212 34 than than IN 39142 2212 35 that that IN 39142 2212 36 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2212 37 are be VBP 39142 2212 38 . . . 39142 2213 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 2213 2 XXXV XXXV NNP 39142 2213 3 THE the DT 39142 2213 4 LITTLE little JJ 39142 2213 5 PLANETS PLANETS NNP 39142 2213 6 Along along IN 39142 2213 7 toward toward IN 39142 2213 8 the the DT 39142 2213 9 end end NN 39142 2213 10 of of IN 39142 2213 11 the the DT 39142 2213 12 eighteenth eighteenth JJ 39142 2213 13 century century NN 39142 2213 14 and and CC 39142 2213 15 the the DT 39142 2213 16 beginning beginning NN 39142 2213 17 of of IN 39142 2213 18 the the DT 39142 2213 19 nineteenth nineteenth NN 39142 2213 20 , , , 39142 2213 21 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2213 22 were be VBD 39142 2213 23 leading lead VBG 39142 2213 24 a a DT 39142 2213 25 quiet quiet JJ 39142 2213 26 unexcited unexcited JJ 39142 2213 27 life life NN 39142 2213 28 . . . 39142 2214 1 Sir Sir NNP 39142 2214 2 William William NNP 39142 2214 3 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 2214 4 had have VBD 39142 2214 5 been be VBN 39142 2214 6 knighted knight VBN 39142 2214 7 by by IN 39142 2214 8 King King NNP 39142 2214 9 George George NNP 39142 2214 10 for for IN 39142 2214 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2214 12 discovery discovery NN 39142 2214 13 of of IN 39142 2214 14 the the DT 39142 2214 15 outer outer JJ 39142 2214 16 planet planet NN 39142 2214 17 Uranus Uranus NNP 39142 2214 18 , , , 39142 2214 19 and and CC 39142 2214 20 practically practically RB 39142 2214 21 everything everything NN 39142 2214 22 seemed seem VBD 39142 2214 23 to to TO 39142 2214 24 be be VB 39142 2214 25 known know VBN 39142 2214 26 and and CC 39142 2214 27 discovered discover VBN 39142 2214 28 in in IN 39142 2214 29 the the DT 39142 2214 30 solar solar JJ 39142 2214 31 system system NN 39142 2214 32 with with IN 39142 2214 33 a a DT 39142 2214 34 single single JJ 39142 2214 35 exception exception NN 39142 2214 36 . . . 39142 2215 1 Between between IN 39142 2215 2 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2215 3 and and CC 39142 2215 4 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2215 5 there there EX 39142 2215 6 existed exist VBD 39142 2215 7 an an DT 39142 2215 8 obvious obvious JJ 39142 2215 9 gap gap NN 39142 2215 10 in in IN 39142 2215 11 the the DT 39142 2215 12 planetary planetary NN 39142 2215 13 brotherhood brotherhood NN 39142 2215 14 . . . 39142 2216 1 Could Could MD 39142 2216 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2216 3 be be VB 39142 2216 4 possible possible JJ 39142 2216 5 that that IN 39142 2216 6 some some DT 39142 2216 7 time time NN 39142 2216 8 in in IN 39142 2216 9 the the DT 39142 2216 10 remote remote JJ 39142 2216 11 cosmic cosmic JJ 39142 2216 12 past past IN 39142 2216 13 a a DT 39142 2216 14 planet planet NN 39142 2216 15 had have VBD 39142 2216 16 actually actually RB 39142 2216 17 existed exist VBN 39142 2216 18 there there RB 39142 2216 19 , , , 39142 2216 20 and and CC 39142 2216 21 that that IN 39142 2216 22 some some DT 39142 2216 23 celestial celestial JJ 39142 2216 24 cataclysm cataclysm NNS 39142 2216 25 had have VBD 39142 2216 26 blown blow VBN 39142 2216 27 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2216 28 to to IN 39142 2216 29 fragments fragment NNS 39142 2216 30 ? ? . 39142 2217 1 If if IN 39142 2217 2 so so RB 39142 2217 3 , , , 39142 2217 4 would would MD 39142 2217 5 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2217 6 still still RB 39142 2217 7 be be VB 39142 2217 8 traveling travel VBG 39142 2217 9 round round IN 39142 2217 10 the the DT 39142 2217 11 sun sun NN 39142 2217 12 as as IN 39142 2217 13 individual individual JJ 39142 2217 14 small small JJ 39142 2217 15 planets planet NNS 39142 2217 16 ? ? . 39142 2218 1 And and CC 39142 2218 2 might may MD 39142 2218 3 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2218 4 not not RB 39142 2218 5 be be VB 39142 2218 6 possible possible JJ 39142 2218 7 to to TO 39142 2218 8 discover discover VB 39142 2218 9 some some DT 39142 2218 10 of of IN 39142 2218 11 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2218 12 among among IN 39142 2218 13 the the DT 39142 2218 14 faint faint JJ 39142 2218 15 stars star NNS 39142 2218 16 that that WDT 39142 2218 17 make make VBP 39142 2218 18 up up RP 39142 2218 19 the the DT 39142 2218 20 belt belt NN 39142 2218 21 of of IN 39142 2218 22 the the DT 39142 2218 23 zodiac zodiac NNP 39142 2218 24 in in IN 39142 2218 25 which which WDT 39142 2218 26 all all PDT 39142 2218 27 the the DT 39142 2218 28 other other JJ 39142 2218 29 planets planet NNS 39142 2218 30 travel travel VB 39142 2218 31 ? ? . 39142 2219 1 So so RB 39142 2219 2 interesting interesting JJ 39142 2219 3 was be VBD 39142 2219 4 this this DT 39142 2219 5 question question NN 39142 2219 6 that that IN 39142 2219 7 the the DT 39142 2219 8 first first JJ 39142 2219 9 international international NNP 39142 2219 10 association association NNP 39142 2219 11 of of IN 39142 2219 12 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2219 13 banded band VBD 39142 2219 14 themselves -PRON- PRP 39142 2219 15 together together RB 39142 2219 16 to to TO 39142 2219 17 carry carry VB 39142 2219 18 on on RP 39142 2219 19 a a DT 39142 2219 20 systematic systematic JJ 39142 2219 21 search search NN 39142 2219 22 round round IN 39142 2219 23 the the DT 39142 2219 24 entire entire JJ 39142 2219 25 zodiacal zodiacal JJ 39142 2219 26 heavens heaven NNS 39142 2219 27 in in IN 39142 2219 28 the the DT 39142 2219 29 faint faint JJ 39142 2219 30 hope hope NN 39142 2219 31 of of IN 39142 2219 32 detecting detect VBG 39142 2219 33 possible possible JJ 39142 2219 34 fragments fragment NNS 39142 2219 35 of of IN 39142 2219 36 the the DT 39142 2219 37 original original JJ 39142 2219 38 planet planet NN 39142 2219 39 of of IN 39142 2219 40 mere mere JJ 39142 2219 41 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 2219 42 . . . 39142 2220 1 The the DT 39142 2220 2 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2220 3 of of IN 39142 2220 4 that that DT 39142 2220 5 day day NN 39142 2220 6 placed place VBD 39142 2220 7 much much JJ 39142 2220 8 reliance reliance NN 39142 2220 9 on on IN 39142 2220 10 what what WP 39142 2220 11 is be VBZ 39142 2220 12 known know VBN 39142 2220 13 as as IN 39142 2220 14 Bode Bode NNP 39142 2220 15 's 's POS 39142 2220 16 law law NN 39142 2220 17 -- -- : 39142 2220 18 not not RB 39142 2220 19 a a DT 39142 2220 20 law law NN 39142 2220 21 at at RB 39142 2220 22 all all RB 39142 2220 23 , , , 39142 2220 24 but but CC 39142 2220 25 a a DT 39142 2220 26 mere mere JJ 39142 2220 27 arithmetical arithmetical JJ 39142 2220 28 succession succession NN 39142 2220 29 of of IN 39142 2220 30 numbers number NNS 39142 2220 31 which which WDT 39142 2220 32 represented represent VBD 39142 2220 33 very very RB 39142 2220 34 well well RB 39142 2220 35 the the DT 39142 2220 36 relative relative JJ 39142 2220 37 distances distance NNS 39142 2220 38 of of IN 39142 2220 39 all all PDT 39142 2220 40 the the DT 39142 2220 41 planets planet NNS 39142 2220 42 from from IN 39142 2220 43 the the DT 39142 2220 44 sun sun NN 39142 2220 45 . . . 39142 2221 1 And and CC 39142 2221 2 the the DT 39142 2221 3 distance distance NN 39142 2221 4 of of IN 39142 2221 5 the the DT 39142 2221 6 newly newly RB 39142 2221 7 found find VBN 39142 2221 8 Uranus Uranus NNP 39142 2221 9 fitted fit VBN 39142 2221 10 in in IN 39142 2221 11 so so RB 39142 2221 12 well well RB 39142 2221 13 with with IN 39142 2221 14 this this DT 39142 2221 15 law law NN 39142 2221 16 that that WDT 39142 2221 17 the the DT 39142 2221 18 utter utter JJ 39142 2221 19 absence absence NN 39142 2221 20 of of IN 39142 2221 21 a a DT 39142 2221 22 planet planet NN 39142 2221 23 in in IN 39142 2221 24 the the DT 39142 2221 25 gap gap NN 39142 2221 26 between between IN 39142 2221 27 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2221 28 and and CC 39142 2221 29 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2221 30 became become VBD 39142 2221 31 very very RB 39142 2221 32 strongly strongly RB 39142 2221 33 marked mark VBN 39142 2221 34 . . . 39142 2222 1 Quite quite JJ 39142 2222 2 by by IN 39142 2222 3 accident accident NN 39142 2222 4 a a DT 39142 2222 5 discovery discovery NN 39142 2222 6 of of IN 39142 2222 7 one one CD 39142 2222 8 of of IN 39142 2222 9 the the DT 39142 2222 10 guessed guess VBN 39142 2222 11 - - HYPH 39142 2222 12 at at IN 39142 2222 13 small small JJ 39142 2222 14 planetary planetary NN 39142 2222 15 bodies body NNS 39142 2222 16 was be VBD 39142 2222 17 made make VBN 39142 2222 18 , , , 39142 2222 19 on on IN 39142 2222 20 January January NNP 39142 2222 21 1 1 CD 39142 2222 22 , , , 39142 2222 23 1801 1801 CD 39142 2222 24 , , , 39142 2222 25 in in IN 39142 2222 26 Palermo Palermo NNP 39142 2222 27 , , , 39142 2222 28 Sicily Sicily NNP 39142 2222 29 , , , 39142 2222 30 by by IN 39142 2222 31 Piazzi Piazzi NNP 39142 2222 32 , , , 39142 2222 33 who who WP 39142 2222 34 was be VBD 39142 2222 35 regularly regularly RB 39142 2222 36 occupied occupy VBN 39142 2222 37 in in IN 39142 2222 38 making make VBG 39142 2222 39 an an DT 39142 2222 40 extensive extensive JJ 39142 2222 41 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 2222 42 of of IN 39142 2222 43 the the DT 39142 2222 44 stars star NNS 39142 2222 45 . . . 39142 2223 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2223 2 observations observation NNS 39142 2223 3 soon soon RB 39142 2223 4 showed show VBD 39142 2223 5 that that IN 39142 2223 6 the the DT 39142 2223 7 new new JJ 39142 2223 8 object object NN 39142 2223 9 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2223 10 had have VBD 39142 2223 11 seen see VBN 39142 2223 12 could could MD 39142 2223 13 not not RB 39142 2223 14 be be VB 39142 2223 15 a a DT 39142 2223 16 fixed fix VBN 39142 2223 17 star star NN 39142 2223 18 , , , 39142 2223 19 because because IN 39142 2223 20 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2223 21 moved move VBD 39142 2223 22 from from IN 39142 2223 23 night night NN 39142 2223 24 to to TO 39142 2223 25 night night NN 39142 2223 26 among among IN 39142 2223 27 the the DT 39142 2223 28 stars star NNS 39142 2223 29 . . . 39142 2224 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 2224 2 concluded conclude VBD 39142 2224 3 that that IN 39142 2224 4 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2224 5 was be VBD 39142 2224 6 a a DT 39142 2224 7 planet planet NN 39142 2224 8 , , , 39142 2224 9 and and CC 39142 2224 10 named name VBD 39142 2224 11 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2224 12 Ceres Ceres NNP 39142 2224 13 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2224 14 1 1 CD 39142 2224 15 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2224 16 , , , 39142 2224 17 for for IN 39142 2224 18 the the DT 39142 2224 19 tutelary tutelary JJ 39142 2224 20 goddess goddess NN 39142 2224 21 of of IN 39142 2224 22 Sicily Sicily NNP 39142 2224 23 . . . 39142 2225 1 Other other JJ 39142 2225 2 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2225 3 kept keep VBD 39142 2225 4 up up RP 39142 2225 5 the the DT 39142 2225 6 search search NN 39142 2225 7 , , , 39142 2225 8 and and CC 39142 2225 9 another another DT 39142 2225 10 companion companion NN 39142 2225 11 planet planet NN 39142 2225 12 , , , 39142 2225 13 Pallas Pallas NNP 39142 2225 14 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2225 15 2 2 CD 39142 2225 16 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2225 17 was be VBD 39142 2225 18 found find VBN 39142 2225 19 in in IN 39142 2225 20 the the DT 39142 2225 21 following following JJ 39142 2225 22 year year NN 39142 2225 23 . . . 39142 2226 1 Juno Juno NNP 39142 2226 2 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2226 3 3 3 CD 39142 2226 4 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2226 5 was be VBD 39142 2226 6 found find VBN 39142 2226 7 in in IN 39142 2226 8 1804 1804 CD 39142 2226 9 , , , 39142 2226 10 and and CC 39142 2226 11 Vesta Vesta NNP 39142 2226 12 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2226 13 4 4 CD 39142 2226 14 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2226 15 , , , 39142 2226 16 the the DT 39142 2226 17 largest large JJS 39142 2226 18 and and CC 39142 2226 19 brightest bright JJS 39142 2226 20 of of IN 39142 2226 21 all all PDT 39142 2226 22 the the DT 39142 2226 23 minor minor JJ 39142 2226 24 planets planet NNS 39142 2226 25 , , , 39142 2226 26 in in IN 39142 2226 27 1807 1807 CD 39142 2226 28 . . . 39142 2227 1 Vesta Vesta NNP 39142 2227 2 is be VBZ 39142 2227 3 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 2227 4 bright bright JJ 39142 2227 5 enough enough RB 39142 2227 6 when when WRB 39142 2227 7 nearest nearest RB 39142 2227 8 the the DT 39142 2227 9 earth earth NN 39142 2227 10 to to TO 39142 2227 11 be be VB 39142 2227 12 seen see VBN 39142 2227 13 with with IN 39142 2227 14 the the DT 39142 2227 15 naked naked JJ 39142 2227 16 eye eye NN 39142 2227 17 ; ; : 39142 2227 18 but but CC 39142 2227 19 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2227 20 was be VBD 39142 2227 21 the the DT 39142 2227 22 last last JJ 39142 2227 23 of of IN 39142 2227 24 the the DT 39142 2227 25 brighter bright JJR 39142 2227 26 ones one NNS 39142 2227 27 , , , 39142 2227 28 and and CC 39142 2227 29 no no DT 39142 2227 30 more more JJR 39142 2227 31 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 2227 32 of of IN 39142 2227 33 the the DT 39142 2227 34 kind kind NN 39142 2227 35 were be VBD 39142 2227 36 made make VBN 39142 2227 37 till till IN 39142 2227 38 the the DT 39142 2227 39 fifth fifth NN 39142 2227 40 was be VBD 39142 2227 41 found find VBN 39142 2227 42 in in IN 39142 2227 43 1845 1845 CD 39142 2227 44 . . . 39142 2228 1 Since since IN 39142 2228 2 then then RB 39142 2228 3 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 2228 4 have have VBP 39142 2228 5 been be VBN 39142 2228 6 made make VBN 39142 2228 7 in in IN 39142 2228 8 great great JJ 39142 2228 9 abundance abundance NN 39142 2228 10 , , , 39142 2228 11 more more JJR 39142 2228 12 and and CC 39142 2228 13 more more RBR 39142 2228 14 with with IN 39142 2228 15 every every DT 39142 2228 16 year year NN 39142 2228 17 till till IN 39142 2228 18 the the DT 39142 2228 19 number number NN 39142 2228 20 of of IN 39142 2228 21 little little JJ 39142 2228 22 planets planet NNS 39142 2228 23 at at IN 39142 2228 24 present present JJ 39142 2228 25 known know VBN 39142 2228 26 is be VBZ 39142 2228 27 very very RB 39142 2228 28 near near IN 39142 2228 29 1,000 1,000 CD 39142 2228 30 . . . 39142 2229 1 The the DT 39142 2229 2 early early JJ 39142 2229 3 asteroid asteroid NN 39142 2229 4 hunters hunter NNS 39142 2229 5 found find VBD 39142 2229 6 the the DT 39142 2229 7 search search NN 39142 2229 8 rather rather RB 39142 2229 9 tedious tedious JJ 39142 2229 10 , , , 39142 2229 11 and and CC 39142 2229 12 the the DT 39142 2229 13 labor labor NN 39142 2229 14 increased increase VBD 39142 2229 15 as as IN 39142 2229 16 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2229 17 became become VBD 39142 2229 18 necessary necessary JJ 39142 2229 19 to to TO 39142 2229 20 examine examine VB 39142 2229 21 the the DT 39142 2229 22 increasing increase VBG 39142 2229 23 thousands thousand NNS 39142 2229 24 of of IN 39142 2229 25 fainter fainter NN 39142 2229 26 and and CC 39142 2229 27 fainter fainter NN 39142 2229 28 stars star NNS 39142 2229 29 that that WDT 39142 2229 30 must must MD 39142 2229 31 be be VB 39142 2229 32 observed observe VBN 39142 2229 33 in in IN 39142 2229 34 order order NN 39142 2229 35 to to TO 39142 2229 36 detect detect VB 39142 2229 37 the the DT 39142 2229 38 undiscovered undiscovered JJ 39142 2229 39 planets planet NNS 39142 2229 40 , , , 39142 2229 41 which which WDT 39142 2229 42 naturally naturally RB 39142 2229 43 grow grow VBP 39142 2229 44 fainter fainter NN 39142 2229 45 and and CC 39142 2229 46 fainter fainter NN 39142 2229 47 as as IN 39142 2229 48 the the DT 39142 2229 49 chase chase NN 39142 2229 50 is be VBZ 39142 2229 51 prolonged prolong VBN 39142 2229 52 . . . 39142 2230 1 First first RB 39142 2230 2 a a DT 39142 2230 3 chart chart NN 39142 2230 4 of of IN 39142 2230 5 the the DT 39142 2230 6 ecliptic ecliptic JJ 39142 2230 7 sky sky NN 39142 2230 8 had have VBD 39142 2230 9 to to TO 39142 2230 10 be be VB 39142 2230 11 prepared prepare VBN 39142 2230 12 containing contain VBG 39142 2230 13 all all PDT 39142 2230 14 the the DT 39142 2230 15 stars star NNS 39142 2230 16 that that WDT 39142 2230 17 the the DT 39142 2230 18 telescope telescope NN 39142 2230 19 employed employ VBN 39142 2230 20 in in IN 39142 2230 21 the the DT 39142 2230 22 search search NN 39142 2230 23 would would MD 39142 2230 24 show show VB 39142 2230 25 . . . 39142 2231 1 Some some DT 39142 2231 2 of of IN 39142 2231 3 the the DT 39142 2231 4 most most RBS 39142 2231 5 detailed detailed JJ 39142 2231 6 charts chart NNS 39142 2231 7 of of IN 39142 2231 8 the the DT 39142 2231 9 sky sky NN 39142 2231 10 in in IN 39142 2231 11 existence existence NN 39142 2231 12 were be VBD 39142 2231 13 prepared prepare VBN 39142 2231 14 in in IN 39142 2231 15 connection connection NN 39142 2231 16 with with IN 39142 2231 17 this this DT 39142 2231 18 work work NN 39142 2231 19 , , , 39142 2231 20 particularly particularly RB 39142 2231 21 by by IN 39142 2231 22 the the DT 39142 2231 23 late late JJ 39142 2231 24 Dr. Dr. NNP 39142 2231 25 Peters Peters NNP 39142 2231 26 of of IN 39142 2231 27 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 39142 2231 28 College College NNP 39142 2231 29 . . . 39142 2232 1 Once once IN 39142 2232 2 such such JJ 39142 2232 3 charts chart NNS 39142 2232 4 are be VBP 39142 2232 5 complete complete JJ 39142 2232 6 , , , 39142 2232 7 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2232 8 are be VBP 39142 2232 9 compared compare VBN 39142 2232 10 with with IN 39142 2232 11 the the DT 39142 2232 12 sky sky NN 39142 2232 13 , , , 39142 2232 14 night night NN 39142 2232 15 after after IN 39142 2232 16 night night NN 39142 2232 17 when when WRB 39142 2232 18 the the DT 39142 2232 19 moon moon NN 39142 2232 20 is be VBZ 39142 2232 21 absent absent JJ 39142 2232 22 . . . 39142 2233 1 Thousands thousand NNS 39142 2233 2 upon upon IN 39142 2233 3 thousands thousand NNS 39142 2233 4 of of IN 39142 2233 5 tedious tedious JJ 39142 2233 6 hours hour NNS 39142 2233 7 are be VBP 39142 2233 8 spent spend VBN 39142 2233 9 in in IN 39142 2233 10 this this DT 39142 2233 11 comparison comparison NN 39142 2233 12 , , , 39142 2233 13 with with IN 39142 2233 14 no no DT 39142 2233 15 result result NN 39142 2233 16 whatever whatever WDT 39142 2233 17 except except IN 39142 2233 18 that that DT 39142 2233 19 chart chart NN 39142 2233 20 and and CC 39142 2233 21 sky sky NN 39142 2233 22 are be VBP 39142 2233 23 found find VBN 39142 2233 24 to to TO 39142 2233 25 correspond correspond VB 39142 2233 26 exactly exactly RB 39142 2233 27 . . . 39142 2234 1 But but CC 39142 2234 2 now now RB 39142 2234 3 and and CC 39142 2234 4 then then RB 39142 2234 5 the the DT 39142 2234 6 planet planet NN 39142 2234 7 hunter hunter NN 39142 2234 8 is be VBZ 39142 2234 9 rewarded reward VBN 39142 2234 10 by by IN 39142 2234 11 finding find VBG 39142 2234 12 a a DT 39142 2234 13 new new JJ 39142 2234 14 object object NN 39142 2234 15 in in IN 39142 2234 16 the the DT 39142 2234 17 sky sky NN 39142 2234 18 that that WDT 39142 2234 19 does do VBZ 39142 2234 20 not not RB 39142 2234 21 appear appear VB 39142 2234 22 on on IN 39142 2234 23 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2234 24 chart chart NN 39142 2234 25 . . . 39142 2235 1 Almost almost RB 39142 2235 2 certainly certainly RB 39142 2235 3 this this DT 39142 2235 4 is be VBZ 39142 2235 5 a a DT 39142 2235 6 small small JJ 39142 2235 7 planet planet NN 39142 2235 8 , , , 39142 2235 9 and and CC 39142 2235 10 only only RB 39142 2235 11 a a DT 39142 2235 12 few few JJ 39142 2235 13 night night NN 39142 2235 14 's 's POS 39142 2235 15 observation observation NN 39142 2235 16 will will MD 39142 2235 17 be be VB 39142 2235 18 necessary necessary JJ 39142 2235 19 to to TO 39142 2235 20 enable enable VB 39142 2235 21 the the DT 39142 2235 22 discoverer discoverer NN 39142 2235 23 to to TO 39142 2235 24 find find VB 39142 2235 25 out out RP 39142 2235 26 approximately approximately RB 39142 2235 27 the the DT 39142 2235 28 orbit orbit NN 39142 2235 29 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2235 30 is be VBZ 39142 2235 31 traveling travel VBG 39142 2235 32 in in IN 39142 2235 33 , , , 39142 2235 34 and and CC 39142 2235 35 whether whether IN 39142 2235 36 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2235 37 is be VBZ 39142 2235 38 out out JJ 39142 2235 39 - - HYPH 39142 2235 40 and and CC 39142 2235 41 - - HYPH 39142 2235 42 out out RP 39142 2235 43 a a DT 39142 2235 44 new new JJ 39142 2235 45 planet planet NN 39142 2235 46 or or CC 39142 2235 47 only only RB 39142 2235 48 one one CD 39142 2235 49 that that WDT 39142 2235 50 had have VBD 39142 2235 51 been be VBN 39142 2235 52 previously previously RB 39142 2235 53 recognized recognize VBN 39142 2235 54 , , , 39142 2235 55 and and CC 39142 2235 56 then then RB 39142 2235 57 lost lose VBD 39142 2235 58 track track NN 39142 2235 59 of of IN 39142 2235 60 . . . 39142 2236 1 Nearly nearly RB 39142 2236 2 all all PDT 39142 2236 3 the the DT 39142 2236 4 minor minor JJ 39142 2236 5 planets planet NNS 39142 2236 6 so so RB 39142 2236 7 far far RB 39142 2236 8 found find VBN 39142 2236 9 have have VBP 39142 2236 10 had have VBN 39142 2236 11 names name NNS 39142 2236 12 assigned assign VBN 39142 2236 13 to to IN 39142 2236 14 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2236 15 principally principally RB 39142 2236 16 legendary legendary JJ 39142 2236 17 and and CC 39142 2236 18 mythological mythological JJ 39142 2236 19 , , , 39142 2236 20 and and CC 39142 2236 21 a a DT 39142 2236 22 nearly nearly RB 39142 2236 23 complete complete JJ 39142 2236 24 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 2236 25 of of IN 39142 2236 26 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2236 27 , , , 39142 2236 28 containing contain VBG 39142 2236 29 the the DT 39142 2236 30 elements element NNS 39142 2236 31 of of IN 39142 2236 32 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2236 33 orbits orbit NNS 39142 2236 34 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2236 35 that that RB 39142 2236 36 is is RB 39142 2236 37 , , , 39142 2236 38 all all PDT 39142 2236 39 the the DT 39142 2236 40 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 2236 41 data datum NNS 39142 2236 42 that that WDT 39142 2236 43 tell tell VBP 39142 2236 44 us -PRON- PRP 39142 2236 45 about about IN 39142 2236 46 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2236 47 distance distance NN 39142 2236 48 from from IN 39142 2236 49 the the DT 39142 2236 50 sun sun NN 39142 2236 51 and and CC 39142 2236 52 the the DT 39142 2236 53 circumstances circumstance NNS 39142 2236 54 of of IN 39142 2236 55 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2236 56 motion motion NN 39142 2236 57 around around IN 39142 2236 58 him -PRON- PRP 39142 2236 59 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2236 60 is be VBZ 39142 2236 61 published publish VBN 39142 2236 62 each each DT 39142 2236 63 year year NN 39142 2236 64 in in IN 39142 2236 65 the the DT 39142 2236 66 " " `` 39142 2236 67 Annuaire Annuaire NNP 39142 2236 68 du du NNP 39142 2236 69 Bureau Bureau NNP 39142 2236 70 des des NNP 39142 2236 71 Longitudes Longitudes NNP 39142 2236 72 " " `` 39142 2236 73 at at IN 39142 2236 74 Paris Paris NNP 39142 2236 75 . . . 39142 2237 1 But but CC 39142 2237 2 these these DT 39142 2237 3 little little JJ 39142 2237 4 planets planet NNS 39142 2237 5 require require VBP 39142 2237 6 a a DT 39142 2237 7 great great JJ 39142 2237 8 deal deal NN 39142 2237 9 of of IN 39142 2237 10 care care NN 39142 2237 11 and and CC 39142 2237 12 attention attention NN 39142 2237 13 , , , 39142 2237 14 for for IN 39142 2237 15 some some DT 39142 2237 16 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2237 17 must must MD 39142 2237 18 accurately accurately RB 39142 2237 19 observe observe VB 39142 2237 20 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2237 21 every every DT 39142 2237 22 few few JJ 39142 2237 23 years year NNS 39142 2237 24 , , , 39142 2237 25 and and CC 39142 2237 26 other other JJ 39142 2237 27 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2237 28 must must MD 39142 2237 29 conduct conduct VB 39142 2237 30 intricate intricate JJ 39142 2237 31 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 2237 32 computations computation NNS 39142 2237 33 based base VBN 39142 2237 34 on on IN 39142 2237 35 these these DT 39142 2237 36 observations observation NNS 39142 2237 37 ; ; : 39142 2237 38 otherwise otherwise RB 39142 2237 39 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2237 40 get get VBP 39142 2237 41 lost lose VBN 39142 2237 42 and and CC 39142 2237 43 have have VB 39142 2237 44 to to TO 39142 2237 45 be be VB 39142 2237 46 discovered discover VBN 39142 2237 47 all all RB 39142 2237 48 over over RB 39142 2237 49 again again RB 39142 2237 50 . . . 39142 2238 1 Professor Professor NNP 39142 2238 2 Watson Watson NNP 39142 2238 3 , , , 39142 2238 4 of of IN 39142 2238 5 the the DT 39142 2238 6 University University NNP 39142 2238 7 of of IN 39142 2238 8 Michigan Michigan NNP 39142 2238 9 and and CC 39142 2238 10 later later RB 39142 2238 11 of of IN 39142 2238 12 the the DT 39142 2238 13 University University NNP 39142 2238 14 of of IN 39142 2238 15 Wisconsin Wisconsin NNP 39142 2238 16 , , , 39142 2238 17 endowed endow VBD 39142 2238 18 the the DT 39142 2238 19 22 22 CD 39142 2238 20 asteroids asteroid NNS 39142 2238 21 of of IN 39142 2238 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2238 23 own own JJ 39142 2238 24 discovery discovery NN 39142 2238 25 , , , 39142 2238 26 leaving leave VBG 39142 2238 27 to to IN 39142 2238 28 the the DT 39142 2238 29 National National NNP 39142 2238 30 Academy Academy NNP 39142 2238 31 of of IN 39142 2238 32 Sciences Sciences NNPS 39142 2238 33 a a DT 39142 2238 34 fund fund NN 39142 2238 35 for for IN 39142 2238 36 prosecuting prosecute VBG 39142 2238 37 this this DT 39142 2238 38 work work NN 39142 2238 39 perpetually perpetually RB 39142 2238 40 , , , 39142 2238 41 and and CC 39142 2238 42 Leuschner Leuschner NNP 39142 2238 43 is be VBZ 39142 2238 44 now now RB 39142 2238 45 ably ably RB 39142 2238 46 conducting conduct VBG 39142 2238 47 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2238 48 . . . 39142 2239 1 [ [ -LRB- 39142 2239 2 Illustration illustration NN 39142 2239 3 : : : 39142 2239 4 JUPITER JUPITER NNP 39142 2239 5 , , , 39142 2239 6 LARGEST LARGEST NNP 39142 2239 7 OF of IN 39142 2239 8 THE the DT 39142 2239 9 PLANETS PLANETS NNP 39142 2239 10 . . . 39142 2240 1 The the DT 39142 2240 2 irregular irregular JJ 39142 2240 3 belts belt NNS 39142 2240 4 change change VBP 39142 2240 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2240 6 mutual mutual JJ 39142 2240 7 relation relation NN 39142 2240 8 and and CC 39142 2240 9 shapes shape NNS 39142 2240 10 because because IN 39142 2240 11 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2240 12 do do VBP 39142 2240 13 not not RB 39142 2240 14 represent represent VB 39142 2240 15 land land NN 39142 2240 16 , , , 39142 2240 17 but but CC 39142 2240 18 are be VBP 39142 2240 19 part part NN 39142 2240 20 of of IN 39142 2240 21 the the DT 39142 2240 22 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2240 23 . . . 39142 2241 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2241 2 _ _ NNP 39142 2241 3 Photo Photo NNP 39142 2241 4 , , , 39142 2241 5 Yerkes Yerkes NNP 39142 2241 6 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 2241 7 . . . 39142 2241 8 _ _ NNP 39142 2241 9 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2241 10 ] ] -RRB- 39142 2241 11 [ [ -LRB- 39142 2241 12 Illustration illustration NN 39142 2241 13 : : : 39142 2241 14 THE the DT 39142 2241 15 PLANET PLANET NNP 39142 2241 16 NEPTUNE NEPTUNE NNP 39142 2241 17 AND and CC 39142 2241 18 ITS its PRP$ 39142 2241 19 SATELLITE SATELLITE NNP 39142 2241 20 . . . 39142 2242 1 The the DT 39142 2242 2 photograph photograph NN 39142 2242 3 required require VBD 39142 2242 4 an an DT 39142 2242 5 exposure exposure NN 39142 2242 6 of of IN 39142 2242 7 the the DT 39142 2242 8 plate plate NN 39142 2242 9 for for IN 39142 2242 10 one one CD 39142 2242 11 hour hour NN 39142 2242 12 . . . 39142 2243 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2243 2 _ _ NNP 39142 2243 3 Photo Photo NNP 39142 2243 4 , , , 39142 2243 5 Yerkes Yerkes NNP 39142 2243 6 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 2243 7 . . . 39142 2243 8 _ _ NNP 39142 2243 9 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2243 10 ] ] -RRB- 39142 2243 11 [ [ -LRB- 39142 2243 12 Illustration illustration NN 39142 2243 13 : : : 39142 2243 14 SATURN SATURN NNP 39142 2243 15 , , , 39142 2243 16 AS as IN 39142 2243 17 SEEN SEEN NNP 39142 2243 18 THROUGH through IN 39142 2243 19 THE the DT 39142 2243 20 40-INCH 40-inch CD 39142 2243 21 REFRACTOR REFRACTOR NNS 39142 2243 22 , , , 39142 2243 23 at at IN 39142 2243 24 the the DT 39142 2243 25 time time NN 39142 2243 26 when when WRB 39142 2243 27 only only RB 39142 2243 28 the the DT 39142 2243 29 edge edge NN 39142 2243 30 of of IN 39142 2243 31 the the DT 39142 2243 32 rings ring NNS 39142 2243 33 is be VBZ 39142 2243 34 visible visible JJ 39142 2243 35 , , , 39142 2243 36 showing show VBG 39142 2243 37 condensations condensation NNS 39142 2243 38 . . . 39142 2244 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2244 2 _ _ NNP 39142 2244 3 Photo Photo NNP 39142 2244 4 , , , 39142 2244 5 Yerkes Yerkes NNP 39142 2244 6 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 2244 7 . . . 39142 2244 8 _ _ NNP 39142 2244 9 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2244 10 ] ] -RRB- 39142 2244 11 [ [ -LRB- 39142 2244 12 Illustration illustration NN 39142 2244 13 : : : 39142 2244 14 SATURN SATURN NNP 39142 2244 15 , , , 39142 2244 16 PHOTOGRAPHED PHOTOGRAPHED NNP 39142 2244 17 THROUGH THROUGH VBD 39142 2244 18 THE the DT 39142 2244 19 40-INCH 40-inch CD 39142 2244 20 REFRACTOR REFRACTOR NNP 39142 2244 21 . . . 39142 2245 1 The the DT 39142 2245 2 rings ring NNS 39142 2245 3 appear appear VBP 39142 2245 4 opened open VBN 39142 2245 5 to to IN 39142 2245 6 the the DT 39142 2245 7 fullest full JJS 39142 2245 8 extent extent NN 39142 2245 9 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2245 10 can can MD 39142 2245 11 be be VB 39142 2245 12 seen see VBN 39142 2245 13 from from IN 39142 2245 14 the the DT 39142 2245 15 earth earth NN 39142 2245 16 . . . 39142 2246 1 The the DT 39142 2246 2 picture picture NN 39142 2246 3 was be VBD 39142 2246 4 made make VBN 39142 2246 5 July July NNP 39142 2246 6 7 7 CD 39142 2246 7 , , , 39142 2246 8 1898 1898 CD 39142 2246 9 . . . 39142 2247 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2247 2 _ _ NNP 39142 2247 3 Photo Photo NNP 39142 2247 4 , , , 39142 2247 5 Yerkes Yerkes NNP 39142 2247 6 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 2247 7 . . . 39142 2247 8 _ _ NNP 39142 2247 9 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2247 10 ] ] -RRB- 39142 2247 11 While while IN 39142 2247 12 the the DT 39142 2247 13 number number NN 39142 2247 14 of of IN 39142 2247 15 the the DT 39142 2247 16 asteroids asteroid NNS 39142 2247 17 is be VBZ 39142 2247 18 gratifyingly gratifyingly RB 39142 2247 19 large large JJ 39142 2247 20 , , , 39142 2247 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2247 22 individual individual JJ 39142 2247 23 size size NN 39142 2247 24 is be VBZ 39142 2247 25 so so RB 39142 2247 26 small small JJ 39142 2247 27 and and CC 39142 2247 28 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2247 29 total total JJ 39142 2247 30 mass mass NN 39142 2247 31 so so RB 39142 2247 32 slight slight JJ 39142 2247 33 that that IN 39142 2247 34 , , , 39142 2247 35 even even RB 39142 2247 36 if if IN 39142 2247 37 there there EX 39142 2247 38 are be VBP 39142 2247 39 a a DT 39142 2247 40 hundred hundred CD 39142 2247 41 thousand thousand CD 39142 2247 42 of of IN 39142 2247 43 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2247 44 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2247 45 as as IN 39142 2247 46 is be VBZ 39142 2247 47 wholly wholly RB 39142 2247 48 possible possible JJ 39142 2247 49 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2247 50 , , , 39142 2247 51 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2247 52 would would MD 39142 2247 53 not not RB 39142 2247 54 be be VB 39142 2247 55 comparable comparable JJ 39142 2247 56 in in IN 39142 2247 57 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2247 58 with with IN 39142 2247 59 any any DT 39142 2247 60 one one CD 39142 2247 61 of of IN 39142 2247 62 the the DT 39142 2247 63 great great JJ 39142 2247 64 planets planet NNS 39142 2247 65 . . . 39142 2248 1 Vesta Vesta NNP 39142 2248 2 , , , 39142 2248 3 the the DT 39142 2248 4 largest large JJS 39142 2248 5 , , , 39142 2248 6 is be VBZ 39142 2248 7 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2248 8 400 400 CD 39142 2248 9 miles mile NNS 39142 2248 10 in in IN 39142 2248 11 diameter diameter NN 39142 2248 12 , , , 39142 2248 13 and and CC 39142 2248 14 if if IN 39142 2248 15 composed compose VBN 39142 2248 16 of of IN 39142 2248 17 substances substance NNS 39142 2248 18 similar similar JJ 39142 2248 19 to to IN 39142 2248 20 those those DT 39142 2248 21 which which WDT 39142 2248 22 make make VBP 39142 2248 23 up up RP 39142 2248 24 the the DT 39142 2248 25 earth earth NN 39142 2248 26 , , , 39142 2248 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2248 28 mass mass NN 39142 2248 29 may may MD 39142 2248 30 be be VB 39142 2248 31 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2248 32 one one CD 39142 2248 33 twenty twenty CD 39142 2248 34 - - HYPH 39142 2248 35 thousandth thousandth NN 39142 2248 36 of of IN 39142 2248 37 the the DT 39142 2248 38 earth earth NN 39142 2248 39 's 's POS 39142 2248 40 mass mass NN 39142 2248 41 . . . 39142 2249 1 If if IN 39142 2249 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2249 3 calculate calculate VBP 39142 2249 4 the the DT 39142 2249 5 surface surface NN 39142 2249 6 gravity gravity NN 39142 2249 7 on on IN 39142 2249 8 such such PDT 39142 2249 9 a a DT 39142 2249 10 body body NN 39142 2249 11 , , , 39142 2249 12 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2249 13 find find VBP 39142 2249 14 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2249 15 about about IN 39142 2249 16 one one CD 39142 2249 17 - - HYPH 39142 2249 18 thirtieth thirtieth JJ 39142 2249 19 of of IN 39142 2249 20 what what WP 39142 2249 21 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2249 22 is be VBZ 39142 2249 23 here here RB 39142 2249 24 ; ; : 39142 2249 25 so so IN 39142 2249 26 that that IN 39142 2249 27 a a DT 39142 2249 28 rifle rifle NN 39142 2249 29 ball ball NN 39142 2249 30 , , , 39142 2249 31 if if IN 39142 2249 32 fired fire VBN 39142 2249 33 on on IN 39142 2249 34 Vesta Vesta NNP 39142 2249 35 with with IN 39142 2249 36 a a DT 39142 2249 37 muzzle muzzle NN 39142 2249 38 velocity velocity NN 39142 2249 39 of of IN 39142 2249 40 only only RB 39142 2249 41 2,000 2,000 CD 39142 2249 42 feet foot NNS 39142 2249 43 a a DT 39142 2249 44 second second JJ 39142 2249 45 , , , 39142 2249 46 might may MD 39142 2249 47 overmaster overmaster VB 39142 2249 48 the the DT 39142 2249 49 gravity gravity NN 39142 2249 50 of of IN 39142 2249 51 the the DT 39142 2249 52 little little JJ 39142 2249 53 planet planet NN 39142 2249 54 entirely entirely RB 39142 2249 55 and and CC 39142 2249 56 be be VB 39142 2249 57 projected project VBN 39142 2249 58 in in IN 39142 2249 59 space space NN 39142 2249 60 never never RB 39142 2249 61 to to TO 39142 2249 62 return return VB 39142 2249 63 . . . 39142 2250 1 If if IN 39142 2250 2 , , , 39142 2250 3 as as IN 39142 2250 4 is be VBZ 39142 2250 5 likely likely JJ 39142 2250 6 , , , 39142 2250 7 some some DT 39142 2250 8 of of IN 39142 2250 9 the the DT 39142 2250 10 smallest small JJS 39142 2250 11 asteroids asteroid NNS 39142 2250 12 are be VBP 39142 2250 13 not not RB 39142 2250 14 more more JJR 39142 2250 15 than than IN 39142 2250 16 ten ten CD 39142 2250 17 miles mile NNS 39142 2250 18 in in IN 39142 2250 19 diameter diameter NN 39142 2250 20 , , , 39142 2250 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2250 22 gravity gravity NN 39142 2250 23 must must MD 39142 2250 24 be be VB 39142 2250 25 so so RB 39142 2250 26 feeble feeble JJ 39142 2250 27 a a DT 39142 2250 28 force force NN 39142 2250 29 that that IN 39142 2250 30 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2250 31 might may MD 39142 2250 32 be be VB 39142 2250 33 overcome overcome VBN 39142 2250 34 by by IN 39142 2250 35 a a DT 39142 2250 36 stone stone NN 39142 2250 37 thrown throw VBN 39142 2250 38 from from IN 39142 2250 39 the the DT 39142 2250 40 hand hand NN 39142 2250 41 . . . 39142 2251 1 There there EX 39142 2251 2 is be VBZ 39142 2251 3 no no DT 39142 2251 4 reliable reliable JJ 39142 2251 5 evidence evidence NN 39142 2251 6 that that IN 39142 2251 7 any any DT 39142 2251 8 of of IN 39142 2251 9 the the DT 39142 2251 10 asteroids asteroid NNS 39142 2251 11 are be VBP 39142 2251 12 surrounded surround VBN 39142 2251 13 by by IN 39142 2251 14 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 39142 2251 15 gases gas NNS 39142 2251 16 of of IN 39142 2251 17 any any DT 39142 2251 18 sort sort NN 39142 2251 19 . . . 39142 2252 1 Probably probably RB 39142 2252 2 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2252 3 are be VBP 39142 2252 4 for for IN 39142 2252 5 the the DT 39142 2252 6 most most JJS 39142 2252 7 part part NN 39142 2252 8 spherical spherical JJ 39142 2252 9 in in IN 39142 2252 10 form form NN 39142 2252 11 , , , 39142 2252 12 although although IN 39142 2252 13 there there EX 39142 2252 14 is be VBZ 39142 2252 15 very very RB 39142 2252 16 reliable reliable JJ 39142 2252 17 evidence evidence NN 39142 2252 18 that that IN 39142 2252 19 a a DT 39142 2252 20 few few JJ 39142 2252 21 of of IN 39142 2252 22 the the DT 39142 2252 23 asteroids asteroid NNS 39142 2252 24 , , , 39142 2252 25 being be VBG 39142 2252 26 variable variable JJ 39142 2252 27 in in IN 39142 2252 28 the the DT 39142 2252 29 amount amount NN 39142 2252 30 of of IN 39142 2252 31 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 2252 32 that that WDT 39142 2252 33 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2252 34 reflect reflect VBP 39142 2252 35 , , , 39142 2252 36 are be VBP 39142 2252 37 irregular irregular JJ 39142 2252 38 in in IN 39142 2252 39 form form NN 39142 2252 40 , , , 39142 2252 41 mere mere JJ 39142 2252 42 angular angular JJ 39142 2252 43 masses masse NNS 39142 2252 44 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2252 45 . . . 39142 2253 1 The the DT 39142 2253 2 network network NN 39142 2253 3 of of IN 39142 2253 4 orbits orbit NNS 39142 2253 5 of of IN 39142 2253 6 the the DT 39142 2253 7 asteroids asteroid NNS 39142 2253 8 is be VBZ 39142 2253 9 inconceivable inconceivable JJ 39142 2253 10 complicated complicate VBN 39142 2253 11 . . . 39142 2254 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 2254 2 , , , 39142 2254 3 there there EX 39142 2254 4 is be VBZ 39142 2254 5 a a DT 39142 2254 6 wide wide JJ 39142 2254 7 variation variation NN 39142 2254 8 in in IN 39142 2254 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2254 10 average average JJ 39142 2254 11 distance distance NN 39142 2254 12 from from IN 39142 2254 13 the the DT 39142 2254 14 sun sun NN 39142 2254 15 , , , 39142 2254 16 and and CC 39142 2254 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2254 18 periods period NNS 39142 2254 19 of of IN 39142 2254 20 traveling travel VBG 39142 2254 21 round round IN 39142 2254 22 him -PRON- PRP 39142 2254 23 vary vary VBP 39142 2254 24 in in IN 39142 2254 25 a a DT 39142 2254 26 similar similar JJ 39142 2254 27 manner manner NN 39142 2254 28 , , , 39142 2254 29 the the DT 39142 2254 30 shortest short JJS 39142 2254 31 being be VBG 39142 2254 32 only only RB 39142 2254 33 about about RB 39142 2254 34 three three CD 39142 2254 35 years year NNS 39142 2254 36 . . . 39142 2255 1 While while IN 39142 2255 2 the the DT 39142 2255 3 longest long JJS 39142 2255 4 is be VBZ 39142 2255 5 nearly nearly RB 39142 2255 6 nine nine CD 39142 2255 7 years year NNS 39142 2255 8 in in IN 39142 2255 9 duration duration NN 39142 2255 10 , , , 39142 2255 11 the the DT 39142 2255 12 average average NN 39142 2255 13 of of IN 39142 2255 14 all all DT 39142 2255 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2255 16 periods period NNS 39142 2255 17 is be VBZ 39142 2255 18 a a DT 39142 2255 19 little little JJ 39142 2255 20 over over IN 39142 2255 21 four four CD 39142 2255 22 years year NNS 39142 2255 23 . . . 39142 2256 1 The the DT 39142 2256 2 gap gap NN 39142 2256 3 in in IN 39142 2256 4 the the DT 39142 2256 5 zone zone NN 39142 2256 6 of of IN 39142 2256 7 asteroids asteroid NNS 39142 2256 8 , , , 39142 2256 9 at at IN 39142 2256 10 a a DT 39142 2256 11 distance distance NN 39142 2256 12 from from IN 39142 2256 13 the the DT 39142 2256 14 sun sun NN 39142 2256 15 equal equal JJ 39142 2256 16 to to IN 39142 2256 17 about about RB 39142 2256 18 five five CD 39142 2256 19 - - HYPH 39142 2256 20 eighths eighth NNS 39142 2256 21 that that DT 39142 2256 22 of of IN 39142 2256 23 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2256 24 , , , 39142 2256 25 is be VBZ 39142 2256 26 due due JJ 39142 2256 27 to to IN 39142 2256 28 the the DT 39142 2256 29 excessive excessive JJ 39142 2256 30 disturbing disturbing JJ 39142 2256 31 action action NN 39142 2256 32 of of IN 39142 2256 33 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2256 34 , , , 39142 2256 35 whose whose WP$ 39142 2256 36 periodic periodic JJ 39142 2256 37 time time NN 39142 2256 38 is be VBZ 39142 2256 39 just just RB 39142 2256 40 twice twice RB 39142 2256 41 as as RB 39142 2256 42 long long RB 39142 2256 43 as as IN 39142 2256 44 that that DT 39142 2256 45 of of IN 39142 2256 46 a a DT 39142 2256 47 theoretical theoretical JJ 39142 2256 48 planet planet NN 39142 2256 49 at at IN 39142 2256 50 this this DT 39142 2256 51 distance distance NN 39142 2256 52 . . . 39142 2257 1 The the DT 39142 2257 2 average average JJ 39142 2257 3 inclination inclination NN 39142 2257 4 of of IN 39142 2257 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2257 6 orbits orbit NNS 39142 2257 7 to to IN 39142 2257 8 the the DT 39142 2257 9 plane plane NN 39142 2257 10 of of IN 39142 2257 11 the the DT 39142 2257 12 ecliptic ecliptic NN 39142 2257 13 is be VBZ 39142 2257 14 not not RB 39142 2257 15 far far RB 39142 2257 16 from from IN 39142 2257 17 8 8 CD 39142 2257 18 degrees degree NNS 39142 2257 19 . . . 39142 2258 1 But but CC 39142 2258 2 the the DT 39142 2258 3 orbit orbit NN 39142 2258 4 of of IN 39142 2258 5 Pallas Pallas NNP 39142 2258 6 , , , 39142 2258 7 for for IN 39142 2258 8 example example NN 39142 2258 9 , , , 39142 2258 10 is be VBZ 39142 2258 11 inclined inclined JJ 39142 2258 12 35 35 CD 39142 2258 13 degrees degree NNS 39142 2258 14 , , , 39142 2258 15 and and CC 39142 2258 16 the the DT 39142 2258 17 eccentricities eccentricity NNS 39142 2258 18 of of IN 39142 2258 19 the the DT 39142 2258 20 asteroid asteroid NN 39142 2258 21 orbits orbit NNS 39142 2258 22 are be VBP 39142 2258 23 equally equally RB 39142 2258 24 erratic erratic JJ 39142 2258 25 and and CC 39142 2258 26 excessive excessive JJ 39142 2258 27 . . . 39142 2259 1 Both both DT 39142 2259 2 eccentricity eccentricity NN 39142 2259 3 and and CC 39142 2259 4 inclination inclination NN 39142 2259 5 of of IN 39142 2259 6 orbit orbit NN 39142 2259 7 at at IN 39142 2259 8 times time NNS 39142 2259 9 suggest suggest VBP 39142 2259 10 a a DT 39142 2259 11 possible possible JJ 39142 2259 12 relation relation NN 39142 2259 13 to to IN 39142 2259 14 cometary cometary JJ 39142 2259 15 orbits orbit NNS 39142 2259 16 , , , 39142 2259 17 but but CC 39142 2259 18 nothing nothing NN 39142 2259 19 has have VBZ 39142 2259 20 ever ever RB 39142 2259 21 been be VBN 39142 2259 22 definitely definitely RB 39142 2259 23 made make VBN 39142 2259 24 out out RP 39142 2259 25 connecting connect VBG 39142 2259 26 asteroids asteroid NNS 39142 2259 27 and and CC 39142 2259 28 comets comet NNS 39142 2259 29 in in IN 39142 2259 30 a a DT 39142 2259 31 related related JJ 39142 2259 32 origin origin NN 39142 2259 33 . . . 39142 2260 1 No no DT 39142 2260 2 comprehensive comprehensive JJ 39142 2260 3 theory theory NN 39142 2260 4 of of IN 39142 2260 5 the the DT 39142 2260 6 origin origin NN 39142 2260 7 of of IN 39142 2260 8 the the DT 39142 2260 9 asteroid asteroid NNP 39142 2260 10 group group NN 39142 2260 11 has have VBZ 39142 2260 12 yet yet RB 39142 2260 13 been be VBN 39142 2260 14 propounded propound VBN 39142 2260 15 that that WDT 39142 2260 16 has have VBZ 39142 2260 17 met meet VBN 39142 2260 18 with with IN 39142 2260 19 universal universal JJ 39142 2260 20 acceptance acceptance NN 39142 2260 21 . . . 39142 2261 1 According accord VBG 39142 2261 2 to to IN 39142 2261 3 the the DT 39142 2261 4 nebular nebular JJ 39142 2261 5 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 2261 6 the the DT 39142 2261 7 original original JJ 39142 2261 8 gaseous gaseous JJ 39142 2261 9 material material NN 39142 2261 10 , , , 39142 2261 11 which which WDT 39142 2261 12 should should MD 39142 2261 13 have have VB 39142 2261 14 been be VBN 39142 2261 15 so so RB 39142 2261 16 concentrated concentrated JJ 39142 2261 17 as as IN 39142 2261 18 to to TO 39142 2261 19 form form VB 39142 2261 20 a a DT 39142 2261 21 planet planet NN 39142 2261 22 of of IN 39142 2261 23 ordinary ordinary JJ 39142 2261 24 type type NN 39142 2261 25 , , , 39142 2261 26 has have VBZ 39142 2261 27 in in IN 39142 2261 28 the the DT 39142 2261 29 case case NN 39142 2261 30 of of IN 39142 2261 31 the the DT 39142 2261 32 asteroids asteroid NNS 39142 2261 33 collected collect VBN 39142 2261 34 into into IN 39142 2261 35 a a DT 39142 2261 36 multitude multitude NN 39142 2261 37 of of IN 39142 2261 38 small small JJ 39142 2261 39 masses masse NNS 39142 2261 40 instead instead RB 39142 2261 41 of of IN 39142 2261 42 simply simply RB 39142 2261 43 one one CD 39142 2261 44 . . . 39142 2262 1 That that IN 39142 2262 2 there there EX 39142 2262 3 is be VBZ 39142 2262 4 a a DT 39142 2262 5 sound sound JJ 39142 2262 6 physical physical JJ 39142 2262 7 reason reason NN 39142 2262 8 for for IN 39142 2262 9 this this DT 39142 2262 10 can can MD 39142 2262 11 hardly hardly RB 39142 2262 12 be be VB 39142 2262 13 denied deny VBN 39142 2262 14 . . . 39142 2263 1 According accord VBG 39142 2263 2 to to IN 39142 2263 3 the the DT 39142 2263 4 Laplacian laplacian JJ 39142 2263 5 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 2263 6 , , , 39142 2263 7 the the DT 39142 2263 8 nearness nearness NN 39142 2263 9 of of IN 39142 2263 10 the the DT 39142 2263 11 huge huge JJ 39142 2263 12 planetary planetary NN 39142 2263 13 mass mass NN 39142 2263 14 of of IN 39142 2263 15 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2263 16 just just RB 39142 2263 17 beyond beyond IN 39142 2263 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2263 19 orbits orbit NNS 39142 2263 20 produced produce VBD 39142 2263 21 violent violent JJ 39142 2263 22 perturbations perturbation NNS 39142 2263 23 which which WDT 39142 2263 24 caused cause VBD 39142 2263 25 the the DT 39142 2263 26 original original JJ 39142 2263 27 ring ring NN 39142 2263 28 of of IN 39142 2263 29 gaseous gaseous JJ 39142 2263 30 material material NN 39142 2263 31 to to TO 39142 2263 32 collect collect VB 39142 2263 33 into into IN 39142 2263 34 fragmentary fragmentary JJ 39142 2263 35 masses masse NNS 39142 2263 36 instead instead RB 39142 2263 37 of of IN 39142 2263 38 one one CD 39142 2263 39 considerable considerable JJ 39142 2263 40 planet planet NN 39142 2263 41 . . . 39142 2264 1 The the DT 39142 2264 2 theory theory NN 39142 2264 3 of of IN 39142 2264 4 a a DT 39142 2264 5 century century NN 39142 2264 6 ago ago RB 39142 2264 7 that that IN 39142 2264 8 an an DT 39142 2264 9 original original JJ 39142 2264 10 great great JJ 39142 2264 11 planet planet NN 39142 2264 12 was be VBD 39142 2264 13 shattered shatter VBN 39142 2264 14 by by IN 39142 2264 15 internal internal JJ 39142 2264 16 explosive explosive JJ 39142 2264 17 forces force NNS 39142 2264 18 is be VBZ 39142 2264 19 no no RB 39142 2264 20 longer long RBR 39142 2264 21 regarded regard VBN 39142 2264 22 as as IN 39142 2264 23 tenable tenable JJ 39142 2264 24 . . . 39142 2265 1 To to IN 39142 2265 2 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2265 3 engaged engage VBN 39142 2265 4 upon upon IN 39142 2265 5 investigation investigation NN 39142 2265 6 of of IN 39142 2265 7 distances distance NNS 39142 2265 8 in in IN 39142 2265 9 the the DT 39142 2265 10 solar solar JJ 39142 2265 11 system system NN 39142 2265 12 , , , 39142 2265 13 the the DT 39142 2265 14 asteroid asteroid NN 39142 2265 15 group group NN 39142 2265 16 has have VBZ 39142 2265 17 proved prove VBN 39142 2265 18 very very RB 39142 2265 19 useful useful JJ 39142 2265 20 . . . 39142 2266 1 The the DT 39142 2266 2 late late JJ 39142 2266 3 Sir Sir NNP 39142 2266 4 David David NNP 39142 2266 5 Gill Gill NNP 39142 2266 6 employed employ VBD 39142 2266 7 a a DT 39142 2266 8 number number NN 39142 2266 9 of of IN 39142 2266 10 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2266 11 in in IN 39142 2266 12 a a DT 39142 2266 13 geometrical geometrical JJ 39142 2266 14 research research NN 39142 2266 15 for for IN 39142 2266 16 finding find VBG 39142 2266 17 the the DT 39142 2266 18 sun sun NN 39142 2266 19 's 's POS 39142 2266 20 distance distance NN 39142 2266 21 , , , 39142 2266 22 and and CC 39142 2266 23 more more RBR 39142 2266 24 recently recently RB 39142 2266 25 the the DT 39142 2266 26 discovery discovery NN 39142 2266 27 of of IN 39142 2266 28 Eros Eros NNP 39142 2266 29 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2266 30 433 433 CD 39142 2266 31 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2266 32 has have VBZ 39142 2266 33 made make VBN 39142 2266 34 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2266 35 possible possible JJ 39142 2266 36 to to TO 39142 2266 37 apply apply VB 39142 2266 38 a a DT 39142 2266 39 similar similar JJ 39142 2266 40 method method NN 39142 2266 41 for for IN 39142 2266 42 a a DT 39142 2266 43 like like JJ 39142 2266 44 purpose purpose NN 39142 2266 45 when when WRB 39142 2266 46 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2266 47 approaches approach VBZ 39142 2266 48 nearest near JJS 39142 2266 49 to to IN 39142 2266 50 the the DT 39142 2266 51 earth earth NN 39142 2266 52 in in IN 39142 2266 53 1924 1924 CD 39142 2266 54 and and CC 39142 2266 55 1931 1931 CD 39142 2266 56 . . . 39142 2267 1 Then then RB 39142 2267 2 the the DT 39142 2267 3 distance distance NN 39142 2267 4 of of IN 39142 2267 5 Eros Eros NNP 39142 2267 6 will will MD 39142 2267 7 be be VB 39142 2267 8 less less JJR 39142 2267 9 than than IN 39142 2267 10 half half PDT 39142 2267 11 that that DT 39142 2267 12 of of IN 39142 2267 13 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2267 14 or or CC 39142 2267 15 even even RB 39142 2267 16 Venus Venus NNP 39142 2267 17 at at IN 39142 2267 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2267 19 nearest near JJS 39142 2267 20 . . . 39142 2268 1 When when WRB 39142 2268 2 the the DT 39142 2268 3 total total JJ 39142 2268 4 number number NN 39142 2268 5 of of IN 39142 2268 6 asteroids asteroid NNS 39142 2268 7 discovered discover VBN 39142 2268 8 has have VBZ 39142 2268 9 reached reach VBN 39142 2268 10 1,000 1,000 CD 39142 2268 11 , , , 39142 2268 12 with with IN 39142 2268 13 accurate accurate JJ 39142 2268 14 determination determination NN 39142 2268 15 of of IN 39142 2268 16 all all DT 39142 2268 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2268 18 orbits orbit NNS 39142 2268 19 , , , 39142 2268 20 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2268 21 shall shall MD 39142 2268 22 have have VB 39142 2268 23 sufficient sufficient JJ 39142 2268 24 material material NN 39142 2268 25 for for IN 39142 2268 26 a a DT 39142 2268 27 statistical statistical JJ 39142 2268 28 investigation investigation NN 39142 2268 29 of of IN 39142 2268 30 the the DT 39142 2268 31 group group NN 39142 2268 32 which which WDT 39142 2268 33 ought ought MD 39142 2268 34 to to TO 39142 2268 35 elucidate elucidate VB 39142 2268 36 the the DT 39142 2268 37 question question NN 39142 2268 38 of of IN 39142 2268 39 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2268 40 origin origin NN 39142 2268 41 , , , 39142 2268 42 and and CC 39142 2268 43 bear bear VB 39142 2268 44 on on IN 39142 2268 45 other other JJ 39142 2268 46 problems problem NNS 39142 2268 47 of of IN 39142 2268 48 the the DT 39142 2268 49 cosmogony cosmogony NN 39142 2268 50 yet yet CC 39142 2268 51 unsolved unsolved JJ 39142 2268 52 . . . 39142 2269 1 Present present JJ 39142 2269 2 methods method NNS 39142 2269 3 of of IN 39142 2269 4 discovery discovery NN 39142 2269 5 of of IN 39142 2269 6 the the DT 39142 2269 7 asteroids asteroid NNS 39142 2269 8 by by IN 39142 2269 9 photography photography NNP 39142 2269 10 replace replace VBP 39142 2269 11 entirely entirely RB 39142 2269 12 the the DT 39142 2269 13 old old JJ 39142 2269 14 method method NN 39142 2269 15 by by IN 39142 2269 16 visual visual JJ 39142 2269 17 observation observation NN 39142 2269 18 alone alone RB 39142 2269 19 , , , 39142 2269 20 with with IN 39142 2269 21 the the DT 39142 2269 22 result result NN 39142 2269 23 that that IN 39142 2269 24 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 2269 25 are be VBP 39142 2269 26 made make VBN 39142 2269 27 with with IN 39142 2269 28 relatively relatively RB 39142 2269 29 great great JJ 39142 2269 30 ease ease NN 39142 2269 31 and and CC 39142 2269 32 rapidity rapidity NN 39142 2269 33 . . . 39142 2270 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 2270 2 XXXVI xxxvi NN 39142 2270 3 THE the DT 39142 2270 4 GIANT GIANT NNP 39142 2270 5 PLANET PLANET NNS 39142 2270 6 I -PRON- PRP 39142 2270 7 can can MD 39142 2270 8 never never RB 39142 2270 9 forget forget VB 39142 2270 10 as as IN 39142 2270 11 a a DT 39142 2270 12 young young JJ 39142 2270 13 boy boy NN 39142 2270 14 my -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2270 15 first first JJ 39142 2270 16 glimpse glimpse NN 39142 2270 17 of of IN 39142 2270 18 the the DT 39142 2270 19 planet planet NN 39142 2270 20 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2270 21 and and CC 39142 2270 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2270 23 moons moon NNS 39142 2270 24 ; ; : 39142 2270 25 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2270 26 was be VBD 39142 2270 27 through through IN 39142 2270 28 a a DT 39142 2270 29 bit bit NN 39142 2270 30 of of IN 39142 2270 31 a a DT 39142 2270 32 telescope telescope NN 39142 2270 33 that that WDT 39142 2270 34 I -PRON- PRP 39142 2270 35 had have VBD 39142 2270 36 put put VBN 39142 2270 37 together together RB 39142 2270 38 with with IN 39142 2270 39 my -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2270 40 own own JJ 39142 2270 41 hands hand NNS 39142 2270 42 ; ; : 39142 2270 43 a a DT 39142 2270 44 tube tube NN 39142 2270 45 of of IN 39142 2270 46 pasteboard pasteboard NN 39142 2270 47 , , , 39142 2270 48 and and CC 39142 2270 49 a a DT 39142 2270 50 pair pair NN 39142 2270 51 of of IN 39142 2270 52 old old JJ 39142 2270 53 spectacle spectacle NN 39142 2270 54 lenses lense NNS 39142 2270 55 that that WDT 39142 2270 56 chanced chance VBD 39142 2270 57 to to TO 39142 2270 58 be be VB 39142 2270 59 lying lie VBG 39142 2270 60 about about IN 39142 2270 61 the the DT 39142 2270 62 house house NN 39142 2270 63 . . . 39142 2271 1 In in IN 39142 2271 2 the the DT 39142 2271 3 field field NN 39142 2271 4 of of IN 39142 2271 5 view view NN 39142 2271 6 I -PRON- PRP 39142 2271 7 saw see VBD 39142 2271 8 five five CD 39142 2271 9 objects object NNS 39142 2271 10 ; ; : 39142 2271 11 four four CD 39142 2271 12 of of IN 39142 2271 13 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2271 14 looking look VBG 39142 2271 15 quite quite RB 39142 2271 16 alike alike RB 39142 2271 17 , , , 39142 2271 18 and and CC 39142 2271 19 as as IN 39142 2271 20 if if IN 39142 2271 21 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2271 22 were be VBD 39142 2271 23 stars star NNS 39142 2271 24 merely merely RB 39142 2271 25 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2271 26 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2271 27 were be VBD 39142 2271 28 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2271 29 's 's POS 39142 2271 30 moons moon NNS 39142 2271 31 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2271 32 , , , 39142 2271 33 while while IN 39142 2271 34 the the DT 39142 2271 35 fifth fifth JJ 39142 2271 36 was be VBD 39142 2271 37 vastly vastly RB 39142 2271 38 larger large JJR 39142 2271 39 and and CC 39142 2271 40 brighter bright JJR 39142 2271 41 . . . 39142 2272 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 2272 2 was be VBD 39142 2272 3 circular circular JJ 39142 2272 4 in in IN 39142 2272 5 shape shape NN 39142 2272 6 , , , 39142 2272 7 and and CC 39142 2272 8 I -PRON- PRP 39142 2272 9 thought think VBD 39142 2272 10 I -PRON- PRP 39142 2272 11 could could MD 39142 2272 12 see see VB 39142 2272 13 a a DT 39142 2272 14 faint faint JJ 39142 2272 15 darkish darkish JJ 39142 2272 16 line line NN 39142 2272 17 across across IN 39142 2272 18 the the DT 39142 2272 19 middle middle NN 39142 2272 20 of of IN 39142 2272 21 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2272 22 . . . 39142 2273 1 This this DT 39142 2273 2 experience experience NN 39142 2273 3 encouraged encourage VBD 39142 2273 4 me -PRON- PRP 39142 2273 5 immensely immensely RB 39142 2273 6 , , , 39142 2273 7 and and CC 39142 2273 8 I -PRON- PRP 39142 2273 9 availed avail VBD 39142 2273 10 myself -PRON- PRP 39142 2273 11 eagerly eagerly RB 39142 2273 12 of of IN 39142 2273 13 the the DT 39142 2273 14 first first JJ 39142 2273 15 chance chance NN 39142 2273 16 to to TO 39142 2273 17 see see VB 39142 2273 18 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2273 19 through through IN 39142 2273 20 a a DT 39142 2273 21 bigger big JJR 39142 2273 22 and and CC 39142 2273 23 better well JJR 39142 2273 24 glass glass NN 39142 2273 25 . . . 39142 2274 1 Then then RB 39142 2274 2 I -PRON- PRP 39142 2274 3 saw see VBD 39142 2274 4 at at IN 39142 2274 5 once once IN 39142 2274 6 that that IN 39142 2274 7 I -PRON- PRP 39142 2274 8 had have VBD 39142 2274 9 observed observe VBN 39142 2274 10 nothing nothing NN 39142 2274 11 wrongly wrongly RB 39142 2274 12 , , , 39142 2274 13 but but CC 39142 2274 14 that that IN 39142 2274 15 I -PRON- PRP 39142 2274 16 had have VBD 39142 2274 17 seen see VBN 39142 2274 18 only only RB 39142 2274 19 the the DT 39142 2274 20 merest mere JJS 39142 2274 21 fraction fraction NN 39142 2274 22 of of IN 39142 2274 23 what what WP 39142 2274 24 there there EX 39142 2274 25 was be VBD 39142 2274 26 to to TO 39142 2274 27 see see VB 39142 2274 28 . . . 39142 2275 1 In in IN 39142 2275 2 the the DT 39142 2275 3 first first JJ 39142 2275 4 place place NN 39142 2275 5 , , , 39142 2275 6 the the DT 39142 2275 7 planet planet NN 39142 2275 8 's 's POS 39142 2275 9 disk disk NN 39142 2275 10 was be VBD 39142 2275 11 not not RB 39142 2275 12 perfectly perfectly RB 39142 2275 13 circular circular JJ 39142 2275 14 , , , 39142 2275 15 but but CC 39142 2275 16 slightly slightly RB 39142 2275 17 oval oval NN 39142 2275 18 . . . 39142 2276 1 Inquiring inquire VBG 39142 2276 2 into into IN 39142 2276 3 the the DT 39142 2276 4 cause cause NN 39142 2276 5 of of IN 39142 2276 6 this this DT 39142 2276 7 , , , 39142 2276 8 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2276 9 must must MD 39142 2276 10 remember remember VB 39142 2276 11 that that IN 39142 2276 12 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2276 13 is be VBZ 39142 2276 14 actually actually RB 39142 2276 15 not not RB 39142 2276 16 a a DT 39142 2276 17 flat flat JJ 39142 2276 18 disk disk NN 39142 2276 19 but but CC 39142 2276 20 a a DT 39142 2276 21 huge huge JJ 39142 2276 22 ball ball NN 39142 2276 23 or or CC 39142 2276 24 globe globe NN 39142 2276 25 , , , 39142 2276 26 more more JJR 39142 2276 27 than than IN 39142 2276 28 ten ten CD 39142 2276 29 times time NNS 39142 2276 30 the the DT 39142 2276 31 diameter diameter NN 39142 2276 32 of of IN 39142 2276 33 the the DT 39142 2276 34 earth earth NN 39142 2276 35 , , , 39142 2276 36 which which WDT 39142 2276 37 turns turn VBZ 39142 2276 38 swiftly swiftly RB 39142 2276 39 round round JJ 39142 2276 40 on on IN 39142 2276 41 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2276 42 axis axi NNS 39142 2276 43 once once RB 39142 2276 44 every every DT 39142 2276 45 ten ten CD 39142 2276 46 hours hour NNS 39142 2276 47 as as IN 39142 2276 48 against against IN 39142 2276 49 the the DT 39142 2276 50 earth earth NN 39142 2276 51 's 's POS 39142 2276 52 turning turning NN 39142 2276 53 round round RB 39142 2276 54 in in IN 39142 2276 55 twenty twenty CD 39142 2276 56 - - HYPH 39142 2276 57 four four CD 39142 2276 58 hours hour NNS 39142 2276 59 . . . 39142 2277 1 Then then RB 39142 2277 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2277 3 is be VBZ 39142 2277 4 easy easy JJ 39142 2277 5 to to TO 39142 2277 6 see see VB 39142 2277 7 how how WRB 39142 2277 8 the the DT 39142 2277 9 centrifugal centrifugal JJ 39142 2277 10 force force NN 39142 2277 11 bulges bulge VBZ 39142 2277 12 outward outward IN 39142 2277 13 the the DT 39142 2277 14 equatorial equatorial JJ 39142 2277 15 regions region NNS 39142 2277 16 of of IN 39142 2277 17 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2277 18 , , , 39142 2277 19 so so IN 39142 2277 20 that that IN 39142 2277 21 the the DT 39142 2277 22 polar polar JJ 39142 2277 23 regions region NNS 39142 2277 24 are be VBP 39142 2277 25 correspondingly correspondingly RB 39142 2277 26 drawn draw VBN 39142 2277 27 inward inward RB 39142 2277 28 , , , 39142 2277 29 thereby thereby RB 39142 2277 30 making make VBG 39142 2277 31 the the DT 39142 2277 32 polar polar JJ 39142 2277 33 diameter diameter NN 39142 2277 34 shorter short JJR 39142 2277 35 than than IN 39142 2277 36 the the DT 39142 2277 37 equatorial equatorial JJ 39142 2277 38 one one NN 39142 2277 39 , , , 39142 2277 40 which which WDT 39142 2277 41 is be VBZ 39142 2277 42 in in IN 39142 2277 43 line line NN 39142 2277 44 with with IN 39142 2277 45 the the DT 39142 2277 46 moons moon NNS 39142 2277 47 or or CC 39142 2277 48 satellites satellite NNS 39142 2277 49 . . . 39142 2278 1 The the DT 39142 2278 2 difference difference NN 39142 2278 3 between between IN 39142 2278 4 the the DT 39142 2278 5 two two CD 39142 2278 6 diameters diameter NNS 39142 2278 7 is be VBZ 39142 2278 8 very very RB 39142 2278 9 marked mark VBN 39142 2278 10 , , , 39142 2278 11 as as RB 39142 2278 12 much much JJ 39142 2278 13 as as IN 39142 2278 14 one one CD 39142 2278 15 part part NN 39142 2278 16 in in IN 39142 2278 17 fifteen fifteen CD 39142 2278 18 . . . 39142 2279 1 All all PDT 39142 2279 2 the the DT 39142 2279 3 planets planet NNS 39142 2279 4 are be VBP 39142 2279 5 slightly slightly RB 39142 2279 6 flattened flatten VBN 39142 2279 7 in in IN 39142 2279 8 this this DT 39142 2279 9 way way NN 39142 2279 10 , , , 39142 2279 11 but but CC 39142 2279 12 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2279 13 is be VBZ 39142 2279 14 the the DT 39142 2279 15 most most RBS 39142 2279 16 so so RB 39142 2279 17 of of IN 39142 2279 18 all all DT 39142 2279 19 except except IN 39142 2279 20 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 2279 21 . . . 39142 2280 1 The the DT 39142 2280 2 little little JJ 39142 2280 3 darkish darkish JJ 39142 2280 4 line line NN 39142 2280 5 across across IN 39142 2280 6 the the DT 39142 2280 7 planet planet NN 39142 2280 8 's 's POS 39142 2280 9 middle middle JJ 39142 2280 10 region region NN 39142 2280 11 or or CC 39142 2280 12 equator equator NN 39142 2280 13 was be VBD 39142 2280 14 found find VBN 39142 2280 15 to to TO 39142 2280 16 be be VB 39142 2280 17 replaced replace VBN 39142 2280 18 by by IN 39142 2280 19 several several JJ 39142 2280 20 such such JJ 39142 2280 21 lines line NNS 39142 2280 22 or or CC 39142 2280 23 irregular irregular JJ 39142 2280 24 belts belt NNS 39142 2280 25 and and CC 39142 2280 26 spots spot NNS 39142 2280 27 , , , 39142 2280 28 often often RB 39142 2280 29 seen see VBN 39142 2280 30 highly highly RB 39142 2280 31 colored color VBN 39142 2280 32 , , , 39142 2280 33 especially especially RB 39142 2280 34 with with IN 39142 2280 35 reflecting reflect VBG 39142 2280 36 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 2280 37 ; ; : 39142 2280 38 and and CC 39142 2280 39 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2280 40 are be VBP 39142 2280 41 perpetually perpetually RB 39142 2280 42 changing change VBG 39142 2280 43 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2280 44 mutual mutual JJ 39142 2280 45 relation relation NN 39142 2280 46 and and CC 39142 2280 47 shapes shape NNS 39142 2280 48 , , , 39142 2280 49 because because IN 39142 2280 50 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2280 51 are be VBP 39142 2280 52 not not RB 39142 2280 53 solid solid JJ 39142 2280 54 territory territory NN 39142 2280 55 or or CC 39142 2280 56 land land NN 39142 2280 57 on on IN 39142 2280 58 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2280 59 , , , 39142 2280 60 but but CC 39142 2280 61 merely merely RB 39142 2280 62 the the DT 39142 2280 63 outer outer JJ 39142 2280 64 shapes shape NNS 39142 2280 65 of of IN 39142 2280 66 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 39142 2280 67 strata strata NN 39142 2280 68 , , , 39142 2280 69 blown blown JJ 39142 2280 70 and and CC 39142 2280 71 torn tear VBN 39142 2280 72 and and CC 39142 2280 73 twisted twist VBN 39142 2280 74 by by IN 39142 2280 75 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 39142 2280 76 circulation circulation NN 39142 2280 77 on on IN 39142 2280 78 this this DT 39142 2280 79 planet planet NN 39142 2280 80 , , , 39142 2280 81 quite quite PDT 39142 2280 82 the the DT 39142 2280 83 same same JJ 39142 2280 84 as as IN 39142 2280 85 clouds cloud NNS 39142 2280 86 in in IN 39142 2280 87 the the DT 39142 2280 88 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2280 89 on on IN 39142 2280 90 the the DT 39142 2280 91 earth earth NN 39142 2280 92 are be VBP 39142 2280 93 . . . 39142 2281 1 Besides besides IN 39142 2281 2 this this DT 39142 2281 3 the the DT 39142 2281 4 axial axial JJ 39142 2281 5 turning turning NN 39142 2281 6 of of IN 39142 2281 7 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2281 8 brings bring VBZ 39142 2281 9 an an DT 39142 2281 10 entirely entirely RB 39142 2281 11 different different JJ 39142 2281 12 part part NN 39142 2281 13 of of IN 39142 2281 14 the the DT 39142 2281 15 planet planet NN 39142 2281 16 into into IN 39142 2281 17 view view NN 39142 2281 18 every every DT 39142 2281 19 two two CD 39142 2281 20 or or CC 39142 2281 21 three three CD 39142 2281 22 hours hour NNS 39142 2281 23 ; ; : 39142 2281 24 so so IN 39142 2281 25 that that IN 39142 2281 26 in in IN 39142 2281 27 making make VBG 39142 2281 28 a a DT 39142 2281 29 map map NN 39142 2281 30 or or CC 39142 2281 31 chart chart NN 39142 2281 32 of of IN 39142 2281 33 the the DT 39142 2281 34 planet planet NN 39142 2281 35 , , , 39142 2281 36 an an DT 39142 2281 37 arbitrary arbitrary JJ 39142 2281 38 meridian meridian NN 39142 2281 39 must must MD 39142 2281 40 be be VB 39142 2281 41 selected select VBN 39142 2281 42 . . . 39142 2282 1 Even even RB 39142 2282 2 then then RB 39142 2282 3 the the DT 39142 2282 4 process process NN 39142 2282 5 is be VBZ 39142 2282 6 not not RB 39142 2282 7 an an DT 39142 2282 8 easy easy JJ 39142 2282 9 one one NN 39142 2282 10 , , , 39142 2282 11 and and CC 39142 2282 12 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2282 13 is be VBZ 39142 2282 14 found find VBN 39142 2282 15 that that IN 39142 2282 16 spots spot NNS 39142 2282 17 on on IN 39142 2282 18 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2282 19 's 's POS 39142 2282 20 equator equator NN 39142 2282 21 turn turn NN 39142 2282 22 round round RB 39142 2282 23 in in IN 39142 2282 24 9 9 CD 39142 2282 25 hours hour NNS 39142 2282 26 50 50 CD 39142 2282 27 minutes minute NNS 39142 2282 28 , , , 39142 2282 29 while while IN 39142 2282 30 other other JJ 39142 2282 31 regions region NNS 39142 2282 32 take take VBP 39142 2282 33 a a DT 39142 2282 34 few few JJ 39142 2282 35 minutes minute NNS 39142 2282 36 longer long RBR 39142 2282 37 , , , 39142 2282 38 the the DT 39142 2282 39 nearer nearer NN 39142 2282 40 the the DT 39142 2282 41 poles pole NNS 39142 2282 42 are be VBP 39142 2282 43 approached approach VBN 39142 2282 44 . . . 39142 2283 1 The the DT 39142 2283 2 Great Great NNP 39142 2283 3 Red Red NNP 39142 2283 4 Spot Spot NNP 39142 2283 5 , , , 39142 2283 6 about about RB 39142 2283 7 30,000 30,000 CD 39142 2283 8 miles mile NNS 39142 2283 9 long long JJ 39142 2283 10 and and CC 39142 2283 11 a a DT 39142 2283 12 quarter quarter NN 39142 2283 13 as as RB 39142 2283 14 much much JJ 39142 2283 15 in in IN 39142 2283 16 breadth breadth NN 39142 2283 17 has have VBZ 39142 2283 18 been be VBN 39142 2283 19 visible visible JJ 39142 2283 20 for for IN 39142 2283 21 about about IN 39142 2283 22 half half PDT 39142 2283 23 a a DT 39142 2283 24 century century NN 39142 2283 25 . . . 39142 2284 1 Bolton Bolton NNP 39142 2284 2 , , , 39142 2284 3 an an DT 39142 2284 4 English english JJ 39142 2284 5 observer observer NN 39142 2284 6 , , , 39142 2284 7 has have VBZ 39142 2284 8 made make VBN 39142 2284 9 interesting interesting JJ 39142 2284 10 studies study NNS 39142 2284 11 of of IN 39142 2284 12 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2284 13 very very RB 39142 2284 14 recently recently RB 39142 2284 15 . . . 39142 2285 1 The the DT 39142 2285 2 four four CD 39142 2285 3 moons moon NNS 39142 2285 4 , , , 39142 2285 5 or or CC 39142 2285 6 satellites satellite NNS 39142 2285 7 , , , 39142 2285 8 which which WDT 39142 2285 9 a a DT 39142 2285 10 small small JJ 39142 2285 11 telescope telescope NN 39142 2285 12 reveals reveal VBZ 39142 2285 13 , , , 39142 2285 14 are be VBP 39142 2285 15 exceedingly exceedingly RB 39142 2285 16 interesting interesting JJ 39142 2285 17 on on IN 39142 2285 18 many many JJ 39142 2285 19 accounts account NNS 39142 2285 20 . . . 39142 2286 1 They -PRON- PRP 39142 2286 2 were be VBD 39142 2286 3 the the DT 39142 2286 4 first first JJ 39142 2286 5 heavenly heavenly JJ 39142 2286 6 bodies body NNS 39142 2286 7 seen see VBN 39142 2286 8 by by IN 39142 2286 9 the the DT 39142 2286 10 aid aid NN 39142 2286 11 of of IN 39142 2286 12 the the DT 39142 2286 13 telescope telescope NN 39142 2286 14 , , , 39142 2286 15 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 2286 16 having have VBG 39142 2286 17 discovered discover VBN 39142 2286 18 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2286 19 in in IN 39142 2286 20 1610 1610 CD 39142 2286 21 . . . 39142 2287 1 They -PRON- PRP 39142 2287 2 travel travel VBP 39142 2287 3 round round IN 39142 2287 4 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2287 5 much much RB 39142 2287 6 the the DT 39142 2287 7 same same JJ 39142 2287 8 as as IN 39142 2287 9 the the DT 39142 2287 10 moon moon NN 39142 2287 11 does do VBZ 39142 2287 12 round round VB 39142 2287 13 the the DT 39142 2287 14 earth earth NN 39142 2287 15 , , , 39142 2287 16 but but CC 39142 2287 17 faster fast RBR 39142 2287 18 , , , 39142 2287 19 the the DT 39142 2287 20 innermost innermost JJS 39142 2287 21 moon moon NN 39142 2287 22 about about IN 39142 2287 23 four four CD 39142 2287 24 times time NNS 39142 2287 25 per per IN 39142 2287 26 week week NN 39142 2287 27 , , , 39142 2287 28 the the DT 39142 2287 29 second second JJ 39142 2287 30 moon moon NN 39142 2287 31 about about IN 39142 2287 32 twice twice PDT 39142 2287 33 a a DT 39142 2287 34 week week NN 39142 2287 35 , , , 39142 2287 36 the the DT 39142 2287 37 third third JJ 39142 2287 38 or or CC 39142 2287 39 largest large JJS 39142 2287 40 moon moon NN 39142 2287 41 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2287 42 larger large JJR 39142 2287 43 than than IN 39142 2287 44 the the DT 39142 2287 45 planet planet NN 39142 2287 46 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 2287 47 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2287 48 once once RB 39142 2287 49 a a DT 39142 2287 50 week week NN 39142 2287 51 , , , 39142 2287 52 and and CC 39142 2287 53 the the DT 39142 2287 54 outermost outermost NN 39142 2287 55 in in IN 39142 2287 56 about about RB 39142 2287 57 sixteen sixteen CD 39142 2287 58 days day NNS 39142 2287 59 . . . 39142 2288 1 The the DT 39142 2288 2 innermost innermost NN 39142 2288 3 is be VBZ 39142 2288 4 about about RB 39142 2288 5 260,000 260,000 CD 39142 2288 6 miles mile NNS 39142 2288 7 from from IN 39142 2288 8 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2288 9 , , , 39142 2288 10 and and CC 39142 2288 11 the the DT 39142 2288 12 outermost outermost NN 39142 2288 13 more more JJR 39142 2288 14 than than IN 39142 2288 15 a a DT 39142 2288 16 million million CD 39142 2288 17 miles mile NNS 39142 2288 18 . . . 39142 2289 1 From from IN 39142 2289 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2289 3 nearness nearness NN 39142 2289 4 to to IN 39142 2289 5 the the DT 39142 2289 6 huge huge JJ 39142 2289 7 and and CC 39142 2289 8 excessively excessively RB 39142 2289 9 hot hot JJ 39142 2289 10 globe globe NN 39142 2289 11 of of IN 39142 2289 12 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2289 13 , , , 39142 2289 14 some some DT 39142 2289 15 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2289 16 , , , 39142 2289 17 Proctor Proctor NNP 39142 2289 18 especially especially RB 39142 2289 19 , , , 39142 2289 20 have have VBP 39142 2289 21 inclined incline VBN 39142 2289 22 to to IN 39142 2289 23 the the DT 39142 2289 24 view view NN 39142 2289 25 that that IN 39142 2289 26 these these DT 39142 2289 27 little little JJ 39142 2289 28 bodies body NNS 39142 2289 29 may may MD 39142 2289 30 be be VB 39142 2289 31 inhabited inhabit VBN 39142 2289 32 . . . 39142 2290 1 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2290 2 has have VBZ 39142 2290 3 other other JJ 39142 2290 4 moons moon NNS 39142 2290 5 ; ; : 39142 2290 6 a a DT 39142 2290 7 very very RB 39142 2290 8 small small JJ 39142 2290 9 one one NN 39142 2290 10 , , , 39142 2290 11 close close JJ 39142 2290 12 to to IN 39142 2290 13 the the DT 39142 2290 14 planet planet NN 39142 2290 15 , , , 39142 2290 16 which which WDT 39142 2290 17 goes go VBZ 39142 2290 18 round round RB 39142 2290 19 in in IN 39142 2290 20 less less JJR 39142 2290 21 than than IN 39142 2290 22 twelve twelve CD 39142 2290 23 hours hour NNS 39142 2290 24 , , , 39142 2290 25 discovered discover VBN 39142 2290 26 by by IN 39142 2290 27 Barnard Barnard NNP 39142 2290 28 in in IN 39142 2290 29 1892 1892 CD 39142 2290 30 . . . 39142 2291 1 Four four CD 39142 2291 2 others other NNS 39142 2291 3 are be VBP 39142 2291 4 known know VBN 39142 2291 5 , , , 39142 2291 6 very very RB 39142 2291 7 small small JJ 39142 2291 8 and and CC 39142 2291 9 faint faint JJ 39142 2291 10 and and CC 39142 2291 11 remote remote JJ 39142 2291 12 from from IN 39142 2291 13 the the DT 39142 2291 14 planet planet NN 39142 2291 15 , , , 39142 2291 16 which which WDT 39142 2291 17 travel travel VBP 39142 2291 18 slowly slowly RB 39142 2291 19 round round IN 39142 2291 20 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2291 21 in in IN 39142 2291 22 orbits orbit NNS 39142 2291 23 of of IN 39142 2291 24 great great JJ 39142 2291 25 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2291 26 . . . 39142 2292 1 The the DT 39142 2292 2 ninth ninth JJ 39142 2292 3 , , , 39142 2292 4 or or CC 39142 2292 5 outermost outermost JJ 39142 2292 6 , , , 39142 2292 7 is be VBZ 39142 2292 8 at at IN 39142 2292 9 a a DT 39142 2292 10 distance distance NN 39142 2292 11 of of IN 39142 2292 12 fifteen fifteen CD 39142 2292 13 and and CC 39142 2292 14 one one CD 39142 2292 15 - - HYPH 39142 2292 16 half half CD 39142 2292 17 million million CD 39142 2292 18 miles mile NNS 39142 2292 19 from from IN 39142 2292 20 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2292 21 , , , 39142 2292 22 and and CC 39142 2292 23 requires require VBZ 39142 2292 24 nearly nearly RB 39142 2292 25 three three CD 39142 2292 26 years year NNS 39142 2292 27 in in IN 39142 2292 28 going go VBG 39142 2292 29 round round IN 39142 2292 30 the the DT 39142 2292 31 planet planet NN 39142 2292 32 . . . 39142 2293 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 2293 2 was be VBD 39142 2293 3 discovered discover VBN 39142 2293 4 by by IN 39142 2293 5 Nicholson Nicholson NNP 39142 2293 6 at at IN 39142 2293 7 the the DT 39142 2293 8 Lick Lick NNP 39142 2293 9 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 2293 10 in in IN 39142 2293 11 1914 1914 CD 39142 2293 12 . . . 39142 2294 1 The the DT 39142 2294 2 eighth eighth JJ 39142 2294 3 was be VBD 39142 2294 4 discovered discover VBN 39142 2294 5 by by IN 39142 2294 6 Melotte Melotte NNP 39142 2294 7 at at IN 39142 2294 8 Greenwich Greenwich NNP 39142 2294 9 in in IN 39142 2294 10 1908 1908 CD 39142 2294 11 , , , 39142 2294 12 and and CC 39142 2294 13 is be VBZ 39142 2294 14 peculiar peculiar JJ 39142 2294 15 in in IN 39142 2294 16 the the DT 39142 2294 17 great great JJ 39142 2294 18 angle angle NN 39142 2294 19 of of IN 39142 2294 20 28 28 CD 39142 2294 21 degrees degree NNS 39142 2294 22 , , , 39142 2294 23 at at IN 39142 2294 24 which which WDT 39142 2294 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2294 26 orbit orbit NN 39142 2294 27 is be VBZ 39142 2294 28 inclined inclined JJ 39142 2294 29 to to IN 39142 2294 30 the the DT 39142 2294 31 equator equator NN 39142 2294 32 of of IN 39142 2294 33 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2294 34 . . . 39142 2295 1 The the DT 39142 2295 2 sixth sixth JJ 39142 2295 3 and and CC 39142 2295 4 seventh seventh JJ 39142 2295 5 satellites satellite NNS 39142 2295 6 revolve revolve VBP 39142 2295 7 round round IN 39142 2295 8 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2295 9 inside inside IN 39142 2295 10 the the DT 39142 2295 11 eighth eighth JJ 39142 2295 12 satellite satellite NN 39142 2295 13 , , , 39142 2295 14 but but CC 39142 2295 15 outside outside IN 39142 2295 16 the the DT 39142 2295 17 orbit orbit NN 39142 2295 18 of of IN 39142 2295 19 IV IV NNP 39142 2295 20 ; ; : 39142 2295 21 and and CC 39142 2295 22 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2295 23 were be VBD 39142 2295 24 discovered discover VBN 39142 2295 25 by by IN 39142 2295 26 photography photography NN 39142 2295 27 at at IN 39142 2295 28 the the DT 39142 2295 29 Lick Lick NNP 39142 2295 30 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 2295 31 in in IN 39142 2295 32 1905 1905 CD 39142 2295 33 by by IN 39142 2295 34 Perrine Perrine NNP 39142 2295 35 , , , 39142 2295 36 now now RB 39142 2295 37 director director NN 39142 2295 38 of of IN 39142 2295 39 the the DT 39142 2295 40 Argentine Argentine NNP 39142 2295 41 National National NNP 39142 2295 42 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 2295 43 at at IN 39142 2295 44 Cordoba Cordoba NNP 39142 2295 45 . . . 39142 2296 1 The the DT 39142 2296 2 ever ever RB 39142 2296 3 - - HYPH 39142 2296 4 changing change VBG 39142 2296 5 positions position NNS 39142 2296 6 of of IN 39142 2296 7 the the DT 39142 2296 8 Medicean medicean JJ 39142 2296 9 moons moon NNS 39142 2296 10 , , , 39142 2296 11 as as IN 39142 2296 12 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 2296 13 called call VBD 39142 2296 14 the the DT 39142 2296 15 four four CD 39142 2296 16 satellites satellite NNS 39142 2296 17 that that WDT 39142 2296 18 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2296 19 discovered discover VBD 39142 2296 20 -- -- : 39142 2296 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2296 22 passing passing NN 39142 2296 23 into into IN 39142 2296 24 the the DT 39142 2296 25 shadow shadow NN 39142 2296 26 in in IN 39142 2296 27 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 2296 28 , , , 39142 2296 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2296 30 transit transit NN 39142 2296 31 in in IN 39142 2296 32 front front NN 39142 2296 33 of of IN 39142 2296 34 the the DT 39142 2296 35 disk disk NN 39142 2296 36 , , , 39142 2296 37 and and CC 39142 2296 38 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2296 39 occultation occultation NN 39142 2296 40 behind behind IN 39142 2296 41 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2296 42 -- -- : 39142 2296 43 form form VBP 39142 2296 44 a a DT 39142 2296 45 succession succession NN 39142 2296 46 of of IN 39142 2296 47 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 2296 48 which which WDT 39142 2296 49 the the DT 39142 2296 50 telescopist telescopist NN 39142 2296 51 always always RB 39142 2296 52 views view VBZ 39142 2296 53 with with IN 39142 2296 54 delight delight NN 39142 2296 55 . . . 39142 2297 1 The the DT 39142 2297 2 times time NNS 39142 2297 3 when when WRB 39142 2297 4 all all PDT 39142 2297 5 these these DT 39142 2297 6 events event NNS 39142 2297 7 take take VBP 39142 2297 8 place place NN 39142 2297 9 are be VBP 39142 2297 10 predicted predict VBN 39142 2297 11 in in IN 39142 2297 12 the the DT 39142 2297 13 " " `` 39142 2297 14 Nautical Nautical NNP 39142 2297 15 Almanac Almanac NNP 39142 2297 16 , , , 39142 2297 17 " " '' 39142 2297 18 many many JJ 39142 2297 19 thousand thousand CD 39142 2297 20 of of IN 39142 2297 21 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2297 22 each each DT 39142 2297 23 year year NN 39142 2297 24 , , , 39142 2297 25 and and CC 39142 2297 26 the the DT 39142 2297 27 predictions prediction NNS 39142 2297 28 cover cover VBP 39142 2297 29 two two CD 39142 2297 30 or or CC 39142 2297 31 three three CD 39142 2297 32 years year NNS 39142 2297 33 in in IN 39142 2297 34 advance advance NN 39142 2297 35 . . . 39142 2298 1 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2298 2 , , , 39142 2298 3 as as IN 39142 2298 4 the the DT 39142 2298 5 naked naked JJ 39142 2298 6 eye eye NN 39142 2298 7 sees see VBZ 39142 2298 8 him -PRON- PRP 39142 2298 9 high high RB 39142 2298 10 up up RP 39142 2298 11 in in IN 39142 2298 12 the the DT 39142 2298 13 midnight midnight NN 39142 2298 14 sky sky NN 39142 2298 15 , , , 39142 2298 16 is be VBZ 39142 2298 17 the the DT 39142 2298 18 brightest bright JJS 39142 2298 19 of of IN 39142 2298 20 all all PDT 39142 2298 21 the the DT 39142 2298 22 planets planet NNS 39142 2298 23 except except IN 39142 2298 24 Venus Venus NNP 39142 2298 25 ; ; : 39142 2298 26 indeed indeed RB 39142 2298 27 , , , 39142 2298 28 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2298 29 is be VBZ 39142 2298 30 five five CD 39142 2298 31 times time NNS 39142 2298 32 brighter bright JJR 39142 2298 33 than than IN 39142 2298 34 Sirius Sirius NNP 39142 2298 35 , , , 39142 2298 36 the the DT 39142 2298 37 brightest bright JJS 39142 2298 38 of of IN 39142 2298 39 all all PDT 39142 2298 40 the the DT 39142 2298 41 fixed fix VBN 39142 2298 42 stars star NNS 39142 2298 43 . . . 39142 2299 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2299 2 stately stately JJ 39142 2299 3 motion motion NN 39142 2299 4 among among IN 39142 2299 5 the the DT 39142 2299 6 stars star NNS 39142 2299 7 will will MD 39142 2299 8 usually usually RB 39142 2299 9 be be VB 39142 2299 10 visible visible JJ 39142 2299 11 by by IN 39142 2299 12 close close JJ 39142 2299 13 observation observation NN 39142 2299 14 from from IN 39142 2299 15 day day NN 39142 2299 16 to to IN 39142 2299 17 day day NN 39142 2299 18 , , , 39142 2299 19 and and CC 39142 2299 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2299 21 distance distance NN 39142 2299 22 from from IN 39142 2299 23 the the DT 39142 2299 24 earth earth NN 39142 2299 25 , , , 39142 2299 26 at at IN 39142 2299 27 times time NNS 39142 2299 28 when when WRB 39142 2299 29 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2299 30 is be VBZ 39142 2299 31 best well RBS 39142 2299 32 seen see VBN 39142 2299 33 , , , 39142 2299 34 is be VBZ 39142 2299 35 usually usually RB 39142 2299 36 about about IN 39142 2299 37 400 400 CD 39142 2299 38 million million CD 39142 2299 39 miles mile NNS 39142 2299 40 . . . 39142 2300 1 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2300 2 travels travel VBZ 39142 2300 3 all all PDT 39142 2300 4 the the DT 39142 2300 5 way way NN 39142 2300 6 round round IN 39142 2300 7 the the DT 39142 2300 8 sun sun NN 39142 2300 9 in in IN 39142 2300 10 twelve twelve CD 39142 2300 11 years year NNS 39142 2300 12 ; ; : 39142 2300 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2300 14 motion motion NN 39142 2300 15 in in IN 39142 2300 16 orbit orbit NN 39142 2300 17 is be VBZ 39142 2300 18 about about RB 39142 2300 19 eight eight CD 39142 2300 20 miles mile NNS 39142 2300 21 a a DT 39142 2300 22 second second NN 39142 2300 23 . . . 39142 2301 1 The the DT 39142 2301 2 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 2301 3 of of IN 39142 2301 4 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2301 5 's 's POS 39142 2301 6 moons moon NNS 39142 2301 7 , , , 39142 2301 8 caused cause VBN 39142 2301 9 by by IN 39142 2301 10 passing pass VBG 39142 2301 11 into into IN 39142 2301 12 the the DT 39142 2301 13 shadow shadow NN 39142 2301 14 of of IN 39142 2301 15 the the DT 39142 2301 16 planet planet NN 39142 2301 17 , , , 39142 2301 18 would would MD 39142 2301 19 take take VB 39142 2301 20 place place NN 39142 2301 21 at at IN 39142 2301 22 almost almost RB 39142 2301 23 perfectly perfectly RB 39142 2301 24 regular regular JJ 39142 2301 25 intervals interval NNS 39142 2301 26 , , , 39142 2301 27 if if IN 39142 2301 28 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2301 29 distance distance NN 39142 2301 30 from from IN 39142 2301 31 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2301 32 were be VBD 39142 2301 33 invariable invariable JJ 39142 2301 34 . . . 39142 2302 1 But but CC 39142 2302 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2302 3 was be VBD 39142 2302 4 early early RB 39142 2302 5 found find VBN 39142 2302 6 out out RP 39142 2302 7 that that IN 39142 2302 8 while while IN 39142 2302 9 the the DT 39142 2302 10 earth earth NN 39142 2302 11 is be VBZ 39142 2302 12 approaching approach VBG 39142 2302 13 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2302 14 the the DT 39142 2302 15 eclipses eclipse NNS 39142 2302 16 take take VBP 39142 2302 17 place place NN 39142 2302 18 earlier early RBR 39142 2302 19 and and CC 39142 2302 20 earlier early RBR 39142 2302 21 , , , 39142 2302 22 but but CC 39142 2302 23 later later RB 39142 2302 24 and and CC 39142 2302 25 later later RB 39142 2302 26 when when WRB 39142 2302 27 the the DT 39142 2302 28 earth earth NN 39142 2302 29 is be VBZ 39142 2302 30 moving move VBG 39142 2302 31 away away RB 39142 2302 32 . . . 39142 2303 1 The the DT 39142 2303 2 acceleration acceleration NN 39142 2303 3 of of IN 39142 2303 4 the the DT 39142 2303 5 earliest early JJS 39142 2303 6 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 2303 7 added add VBD 39142 2303 8 to to IN 39142 2303 9 the the DT 39142 2303 10 retardation retardation NN 39142 2303 11 of of IN 39142 2303 12 the the DT 39142 2303 13 latest late JJS 39142 2303 14 makes make VBZ 39142 2303 15 1,000 1,000 CD 39142 2303 16 seconds second NNS 39142 2303 17 , , , 39142 2303 18 which which WDT 39142 2303 19 is be VBZ 39142 2303 20 the the DT 39142 2303 21 time time NN 39142 2303 22 that that WDT 39142 2303 23 light light NN 39142 2303 24 takes take VBZ 39142 2303 25 in in RP 39142 2303 26 crossing cross VBG 39142 2303 27 a a DT 39142 2303 28 diameter diameter NN 39142 2303 29 of of IN 39142 2303 30 the the DT 39142 2303 31 earth earth NN 39142 2303 32 's 's POS 39142 2303 33 orbit orbit NN 39142 2303 34 round round IN 39142 2303 35 the the DT 39142 2303 36 sun sun NN 39142 2303 37 . . . 39142 2304 1 Now now RB 39142 2304 2 the the DT 39142 2304 3 velocity velocity NN 39142 2304 4 of of IN 39142 2304 5 light light NN 39142 2304 6 is be VBZ 39142 2304 7 well well RB 39142 2304 8 known known JJ 39142 2304 9 to to TO 39142 2304 10 be be VB 39142 2304 11 186,300 186,300 CD 39142 2304 12 miles mile NNS 39142 2304 13 per per IN 39142 2304 14 second second NN 39142 2304 15 , , , 39142 2304 16 so so RB 39142 2304 17 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2304 18 calculate calculate VBP 39142 2304 19 at at IN 39142 2304 20 once once RB 39142 2304 21 and and CC 39142 2304 22 very very RB 39142 2304 23 simply simply RB 39142 2304 24 that that IN 39142 2304 25 the the DT 39142 2304 26 sun sun NN 39142 2304 27 's 's POS 39142 2304 28 distance distance NN 39142 2304 29 from from IN 39142 2304 30 the the DT 39142 2304 31 earth earth NN 39142 2304 32 , , , 39142 2304 33 which which WDT 39142 2304 34 is be VBZ 39142 2304 35 half half PDT 39142 2304 36 the the DT 39142 2304 37 diameter diameter NN 39142 2304 38 of of IN 39142 2304 39 the the DT 39142 2304 40 orbit orbit NN 39142 2304 41 , , , 39142 2304 42 equals equal VBZ 39142 2304 43 500 500 CD 39142 2304 44 times time NNS 39142 2304 45 186,300 186,300 CD 39142 2304 46 , , , 39142 2304 47 or or CC 39142 2304 48 93,000,000 93,000,000 CD 39142 2304 49 miles mile NNS 39142 2304 50 . . . 39142 2305 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 2305 2 XXXVII xxxvii NN 39142 2305 3 THE the DT 39142 2305 4 RINGED ringed JJ 39142 2305 5 PLANET PLANET NNP 39142 2305 6 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 2305 7 is be VBZ 39142 2305 8 the the DT 39142 2305 9 most most RBS 39142 2305 10 remote remote JJ 39142 2305 11 of of IN 39142 2305 12 all all PDT 39142 2305 13 the the DT 39142 2305 14 planets planet NNS 39142 2305 15 that that WDT 39142 2305 16 the the DT 39142 2305 17 ancient ancient JJ 39142 2305 18 peoples people NNS 39142 2305 19 knew know VBD 39142 2305 20 anything anything NN 39142 2305 21 about about IN 39142 2305 22 . . . 39142 2306 1 These these DT 39142 2306 2 anciently anciently RB 39142 2306 3 known know VBN 39142 2306 4 planets planet NNS 39142 2306 5 are be VBP 39142 2306 6 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 2306 7 called call VBN 39142 2306 8 the the DT 39142 2306 9 lucid lucid JJ 39142 2306 10 or or CC 39142 2306 11 naked naked JJ 39142 2306 12 - - HYPH 39142 2306 13 eye eye NN 39142 2306 14 planets planet NNS 39142 2306 15 -- -- : 39142 2306 16 five five CD 39142 2306 17 in in IN 39142 2306 18 number number NN 39142 2306 19 : : : 39142 2306 20 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 2306 21 , , , 39142 2306 22 Venus Venus NNP 39142 2306 23 , , , 39142 2306 24 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2306 25 , , , 39142 2306 26 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2306 27 , , , 39142 2306 28 and and CC 39142 2306 29 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 2306 30 . . . 39142 2307 1 Saturn saturn NN 39142 2307 2 shines shine VBZ 39142 2307 3 as as IN 39142 2307 4 a a DT 39142 2307 5 first first JJ 39142 2307 6 - - HYPH 39142 2307 7 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2307 8 star star NN 39142 2307 9 , , , 39142 2307 10 with with IN 39142 2307 11 a a DT 39142 2307 12 steady steady JJ 39142 2307 13 straw straw NN 39142 2307 14 - - HYPH 39142 2307 15 colored color VBN 39142 2307 16 light light NN 39142 2307 17 , , , 39142 2307 18 and and CC 39142 2307 19 is be VBZ 39142 2307 20 at at IN 39142 2307 21 a a DT 39142 2307 22 distance distance NN 39142 2307 23 of of IN 39142 2307 24 about about IN 39142 2307 25 800 800 CD 39142 2307 26 million million CD 39142 2307 27 miles mile NNS 39142 2307 28 from from IN 39142 2307 29 the the DT 39142 2307 30 earth earth NN 39142 2307 31 when when WRB 39142 2307 32 best best RB 39142 2307 33 seen see VBN 39142 2307 34 . . . 39142 2308 1 Saturn saturn NN 39142 2308 2 travels travel NNS 39142 2308 3 completely completely RB 39142 2308 4 round round VBP 39142 2308 5 the the DT 39142 2308 6 sun sun NN 39142 2308 7 in in IN 39142 2308 8 a a DT 39142 2308 9 little little JJ 39142 2308 10 short short JJ 39142 2308 11 of of IN 39142 2308 12 thirty thirty CD 39142 2308 13 years year NNS 39142 2308 14 , , , 39142 2308 15 and and CC 39142 2308 16 the the DT 39142 2308 17 telescope telescope NN 39142 2308 18 , , , 39142 2308 19 when when WRB 39142 2308 20 turned turn VBN 39142 2308 21 to to IN 39142 2308 22 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 2308 23 , , , 39142 2308 24 reveals reveal VBZ 39142 2308 25 a a DT 39142 2308 26 unique unique JJ 39142 2308 27 and and CC 39142 2308 28 astonishing astonishing JJ 39142 2308 29 object object NN 39142 2308 30 ; ; : 39142 2308 31 a a DT 39142 2308 32 vast vast JJ 39142 2308 33 globe globe NN 39142 2308 34 somewhat somewhat RB 39142 2308 35 similar similar JJ 39142 2308 36 to to IN 39142 2308 37 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2308 38 , , , 39142 2308 39 but but CC 39142 2308 40 surrounded surround VBN 39142 2308 41 by by IN 39142 2308 42 a a DT 39142 2308 43 system system NN 39142 2308 44 of of IN 39142 2308 45 rings ring NNS 39142 2308 46 wholly wholly RB 39142 2308 47 unlike unlike IN 39142 2308 48 anything anything NN 39142 2308 49 else else RB 39142 2308 50 in in IN 39142 2308 51 the the DT 39142 2308 52 universe universe NN 39142 2308 53 , , , 39142 2308 54 as as RB 39142 2308 55 far far RB 39142 2308 56 as as IN 39142 2308 57 at at IN 39142 2308 58 present present NN 39142 2308 59 known know VBN 39142 2308 60 ; ; : 39142 2308 61 the the DT 39142 2308 62 whole whole NN 39142 2308 63 encircled encircle VBN 39142 2308 64 by by IN 39142 2308 65 a a DT 39142 2308 66 family family NN 39142 2308 67 of of IN 39142 2308 68 ten ten CD 39142 2308 69 moons moon NNS 39142 2308 70 or or CC 39142 2308 71 satellites satellite NNS 39142 2308 72 . . . 39142 2309 1 The the DT 39142 2309 2 Saturnian saturnian JJ 39142 2309 3 system system NN 39142 2309 4 , , , 39142 2309 5 therefore therefore RB 39142 2309 6 , , , 39142 2309 7 is be VBZ 39142 2309 8 regarded regard VBN 39142 2309 9 by by IN 39142 2309 10 many many JJ 39142 2309 11 as as IN 39142 2309 12 the the DT 39142 2309 13 most most RBS 39142 2309 14 wonderful wonderful JJ 39142 2309 15 and and CC 39142 2309 16 most most RBS 39142 2309 17 interesting interesting JJ 39142 2309 18 of of IN 39142 2309 19 all all PDT 39142 2309 20 the the DT 39142 2309 21 objects object NNS 39142 2309 22 that that WDT 39142 2309 23 the the DT 39142 2309 24 telescope telescope NN 39142 2309 25 reveals reveal VBZ 39142 2309 26 . . . 39142 2310 1 At at IN 39142 2310 2 first first RB 39142 2310 3 the the DT 39142 2310 4 flattening flattening NN 39142 2310 5 of of IN 39142 2310 6 the the DT 39142 2310 7 disk disk NN 39142 2310 8 of of IN 39142 2310 9 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 2310 10 is be VBZ 39142 2310 11 not not RB 39142 2310 12 easily easily RB 39142 2310 13 made make VBN 39142 2310 14 out out RP 39142 2310 15 , , , 39142 2310 16 but but CC 39142 2310 17 every every DT 39142 2310 18 fifteen fifteen CD 39142 2310 19 years year NNS 39142 2310 20 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2310 21 as as IN 39142 2310 22 1921 1921 CD 39142 2310 23 and and CC 39142 2310 24 1936 1936 CD 39142 2310 25 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2310 26 the the DT 39142 2310 27 earth earth NN 39142 2310 28 comes come VBZ 39142 2310 29 into into IN 39142 2310 30 a a DT 39142 2310 31 position position NN 39142 2310 32 where where WRB 39142 2310 33 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2310 34 look look VBP 39142 2310 35 directly directly RB 39142 2310 36 at at IN 39142 2310 37 the the DT 39142 2310 38 thin thin JJ 39142 2310 39 edge edge NN 39142 2310 40 of of IN 39142 2310 41 the the DT 39142 2310 42 rings ring NNS 39142 2310 43 , , , 39142 2310 44 causing cause VBG 39142 2310 45 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2310 46 to to TO 39142 2310 47 completely completely RB 39142 2310 48 disappear disappear VB 39142 2310 49 . . . 39142 2311 1 Then then RB 39142 2311 2 the the DT 39142 2311 3 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 2311 4 flattening flattening NN 39142 2311 5 of of IN 39142 2311 6 the the DT 39142 2311 7 poles pole NNS 39142 2311 8 of of IN 39142 2311 9 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 2311 10 is be VBZ 39142 2311 11 strikingly strikingly RB 39142 2311 12 visible visible JJ 39142 2311 13 , , , 39142 2311 14 amounting amount VBG 39142 2311 15 to to IN 39142 2311 16 as as RB 39142 2311 17 much much JJ 39142 2311 18 as as IN 39142 2311 19 one one CD 39142 2311 20 - - HYPH 39142 2311 21 tenth tenth NN 39142 2311 22 of of IN 39142 2311 23 the the DT 39142 2311 24 entire entire JJ 39142 2311 25 diameter diameter NN 39142 2311 26 . . . 39142 2312 1 The the DT 39142 2312 2 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 39142 2312 3 belt belt NN 39142 2312 4 system system NN 39142 2312 5 is be VBZ 39142 2312 6 also also RB 39142 2312 7 best well RBS 39142 2312 8 seen see VBN 39142 2312 9 at at IN 39142 2312 10 these these DT 39142 2312 11 times time NNS 39142 2312 12 . . . 39142 2313 1 But but CC 39142 2313 2 the the DT 39142 2313 3 rings ring NNS 39142 2313 4 of of IN 39142 2313 5 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 2313 6 are be VBP 39142 2313 7 easily easily RB 39142 2313 8 the the DT 39142 2313 9 most most RBS 39142 2313 10 fascinating fascinating JJ 39142 2313 11 features feature NNS 39142 2313 12 of of IN 39142 2313 13 the the DT 39142 2313 14 system system NN 39142 2313 15 . . . 39142 2314 1 They -PRON- PRP 39142 2314 2 can can MD 39142 2314 3 never never RB 39142 2314 4 be be VB 39142 2314 5 seen see VBN 39142 2314 6 as as IN 39142 2314 7 if if IN 39142 2314 8 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2314 9 were be VBD 39142 2314 10 directly directly RB 39142 2314 11 above above IN 39142 2314 12 or or CC 39142 2314 13 beneath beneath IN 39142 2314 14 the the DT 39142 2314 15 planet planet NN 39142 2314 16 so so IN 39142 2314 17 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2314 18 never never RB 39142 2314 19 appear appear VBP 39142 2314 20 circular circular JJ 39142 2314 21 , , , 39142 2314 22 as as IN 39142 2314 23 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2314 24 really really RB 39142 2314 25 are be VBP 39142 2314 26 in in IN 39142 2314 27 space space NN 39142 2314 28 , , , 39142 2314 29 but but CC 39142 2314 30 always always RB 39142 2314 31 oval oval NN 39142 2314 32 or or CC 39142 2314 33 elliptical elliptical JJ 39142 2314 34 in in IN 39142 2314 35 shape shape NN 39142 2314 36 . . . 39142 2315 1 The the DT 39142 2315 2 minor minor JJ 39142 2315 3 axis axis NN 39142 2315 4 or or CC 39142 2315 5 greatest great JJS 39142 2315 6 breadth breadth NN 39142 2315 7 is be VBZ 39142 2315 8 about about RB 39142 2315 9 one one CD 39142 2315 10 - - HYPH 39142 2315 11 half half NN 39142 2315 12 the the DT 39142 2315 13 major major JJ 39142 2315 14 axis axi NNS 39142 2315 15 or or CC 39142 2315 16 length length NN 39142 2315 17 . . . 39142 2316 1 The the DT 39142 2316 2 latter latter NN 39142 2316 3 is be VBZ 39142 2316 4 the the DT 39142 2316 5 outer outer JJ 39142 2316 6 ring ring NN 39142 2316 7 's 's POS 39142 2316 8 actual actual JJ 39142 2316 9 diameter diameter NN 39142 2316 10 , , , 39142 2316 11 and and CC 39142 2316 12 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2316 13 amounts amount VBZ 39142 2316 14 to to IN 39142 2316 15 170,000 170,000 CD 39142 2316 16 miles mile NNS 39142 2316 17 , , , 39142 2316 18 or or CC 39142 2316 19 two two CD 39142 2316 20 and and CC 39142 2316 21 one one CD 39142 2316 22 - - HYPH 39142 2316 23 half half NN 39142 2316 24 times time NNS 39142 2316 25 the the DT 39142 2316 26 diameter diameter NN 39142 2316 27 of of IN 39142 2316 28 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 2316 29 's 's POS 39142 2316 30 globe globe NN 39142 2316 31 . . . 39142 2317 1 There there EX 39142 2317 2 are be VBP 39142 2317 3 in in IN 39142 2317 4 fact fact NN 39142 2317 5 no no RB 39142 2317 6 less less JJR 39142 2317 7 than than IN 39142 2317 8 four four CD 39142 2317 9 rings ring NNS 39142 2317 10 ; ; : 39142 2317 11 an an DT 39142 2317 12 outer outer JJ 39142 2317 13 ring ring NN 39142 2317 14 , , , 39142 2317 15 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 2317 16 seen see VBN 39142 2317 17 to to TO 39142 2317 18 be be VB 39142 2317 19 divided divide VBN 39142 2317 20 near near IN 39142 2317 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2317 22 middle middle NN 39142 2317 23 ; ; : 39142 2317 24 an an DT 39142 2317 25 inner inner JJ 39142 2317 26 , , , 39142 2317 27 broader broad JJR 39142 2317 28 and and CC 39142 2317 29 brighter bright JJR 39142 2317 30 ring ring NN 39142 2317 31 ; ; : 39142 2317 32 and and CC 39142 2317 33 an an DT 39142 2317 34 innermost innermost NN 39142 2317 35 dusky dusky JJ 39142 2317 36 , , , 39142 2317 37 or or CC 39142 2317 38 crape crape NN 39142 2317 39 ring ring NN 39142 2317 40 , , , 39142 2317 41 as as IN 39142 2317 42 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2317 43 is be VBZ 39142 2317 44 often often RB 39142 2317 45 called call VBN 39142 2317 46 . . . 39142 2318 1 This this DT 39142 2318 2 comes come VBZ 39142 2318 3 within within IN 39142 2318 4 about about RB 39142 2318 5 10,000 10,000 CD 39142 2318 6 miles mile NNS 39142 2318 7 of of IN 39142 2318 8 the the DT 39142 2318 9 planet planet NN 39142 2318 10 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 2318 11 . . . 39142 2319 1 After after IN 39142 2319 2 the the DT 39142 2319 3 form form NN 39142 2319 4 and and CC 39142 2319 5 size size NN 39142 2319 6 of of IN 39142 2319 7 the the DT 39142 2319 8 rings ring NNS 39142 2319 9 were be VBD 39142 2319 10 well well RB 39142 2319 11 made make VBN 39142 2319 12 out out RP 39142 2319 13 , , , 39142 2319 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2319 15 thickness thickness NN 39142 2319 16 , , , 39142 2319 17 or or CC 39142 2319 18 rather rather RB 39142 2319 19 lack lack NN 39142 2319 20 of of IN 39142 2319 21 thickness thickness NN 39142 2319 22 , , , 39142 2319 23 was be VBD 39142 2319 24 a a DT 39142 2319 25 great great JJ 39142 2319 26 puzzle puzzle NN 39142 2319 27 . . . 39142 2320 1 If if IN 39142 2320 2 a a DT 39142 2320 3 model model NN 39142 2320 4 about about IN 39142 2320 5 a a DT 39142 2320 6 foot foot NN 39142 2320 7 in in IN 39142 2320 8 diameter diameter NN 39142 2320 9 were be VBD 39142 2320 10 cut cut VBN 39142 2320 11 out out IN 39142 2320 12 of of IN 39142 2320 13 tissue tissue NN 39142 2320 14 paper paper NN 39142 2320 15 , , , 39142 2320 16 the the DT 39142 2320 17 relative relative JJ 39142 2320 18 proportion proportion NN 39142 2320 19 of of IN 39142 2320 20 size size NN 39142 2320 21 and and CC 39142 2320 22 thickness thickness NN 39142 2320 23 would would MD 39142 2320 24 be be VB 39142 2320 25 about about RB 39142 2320 26 right right JJ 39142 2320 27 . . . 39142 2321 1 In in IN 39142 2321 2 space space NN 39142 2321 3 the the DT 39142 2321 4 thickness thickness NN 39142 2321 5 is be VBZ 39142 2321 6 very very RB 39142 2321 7 nearly nearly RB 39142 2321 8 100 100 CD 39142 2321 9 miles mile NNS 39142 2321 10 , , , 39142 2321 11 so so IN 39142 2321 12 that that IN 39142 2321 13 , , , 39142 2321 14 when when WRB 39142 2321 15 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2321 16 look look VBP 39142 2321 17 at at IN 39142 2321 18 the the DT 39142 2321 19 ring ring NN 39142 2321 20 system system NN 39142 2321 21 edge edge NN 39142 2321 22 - - HYPH 39142 2321 23 on on NN 39142 2321 24 , , , 39142 2321 25 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2321 26 becomes become VBZ 39142 2321 27 all all DT 39142 2321 28 but but CC 39142 2321 29 invisible invisible JJ 39142 2321 30 except except IN 39142 2321 31 in in IN 39142 2321 32 very very RB 39142 2321 33 large large JJ 39142 2321 34 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 2321 35 . . . 39142 2322 1 Clearly clearly RB 39142 2322 2 a a DT 39142 2322 3 ring ring NN 39142 2322 4 so so RB 39142 2322 5 thin thin JJ 39142 2322 6 can can MD 39142 2322 7 not not RB 39142 2322 8 be be VB 39142 2322 9 a a DT 39142 2322 10 continuous continuous JJ 39142 2322 11 solid solid JJ 39142 2322 12 object object NN 39142 2322 13 and and CC 39142 2322 14 recent recent JJ 39142 2322 15 observations observation NNS 39142 2322 16 have have VBP 39142 2322 17 proved prove VBN 39142 2322 18 beyond beyond IN 39142 2322 19 a a DT 39142 2322 20 doubt doubt NN 39142 2322 21 that that IN 39142 2322 22 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 2322 23 's 's POS 39142 2322 24 rings ring NNS 39142 2322 25 are be VBP 39142 2322 26 made make VBN 39142 2322 27 up up RP 39142 2322 28 of of IN 39142 2322 29 millions million NNS 39142 2322 30 of of IN 39142 2322 31 separate separate JJ 39142 2322 32 particles particle NNS 39142 2322 33 moving move VBG 39142 2322 34 round round IN 39142 2322 35 the the DT 39142 2322 36 planet planet NN 39142 2322 37 , , , 39142 2322 38 each each DT 39142 2322 39 as as IN 39142 2322 40 if if IN 39142 2322 41 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2322 42 were be VBD 39142 2322 43 an an DT 39142 2322 44 individual individual JJ 39142 2322 45 satellite satellite NN 39142 2322 46 . . . 39142 2323 1 Ever ever RB 39142 2323 2 since since IN 39142 2323 3 1857 1857 CD 39142 2323 4 the the DT 39142 2323 5 true true JJ 39142 2323 6 theory theory NN 39142 2323 7 of of IN 39142 2323 8 the the DT 39142 2323 9 constitution constitution NN 39142 2323 10 of of IN 39142 2323 11 the the DT 39142 2323 12 Saturnian saturnian JJ 39142 2323 13 ring ring NN 39142 2323 14 has have VBZ 39142 2323 15 been be VBN 39142 2323 16 recognized recognize VBN 39142 2323 17 on on IN 39142 2323 18 theoretic theoretic JJ 39142 2323 19 grounds ground NNS 39142 2323 20 , , , 39142 2323 21 because because IN 39142 2323 22 Clerke Clerke NNP 39142 2323 23 - - HYPH 39142 2323 24 Maxwell Maxwell NNP 39142 2323 25 founded found VBD 39142 2323 26 the the DT 39142 2323 27 dynamical dynamical JJ 39142 2323 28 demonstration demonstration NN 39142 2323 29 that that WDT 39142 2323 30 the the DT 39142 2323 31 rings ring NNS 39142 2323 32 could could MD 39142 2323 33 be be VB 39142 2323 34 neither neither CC 39142 2323 35 fluid fluid JJ 39142 2323 36 nor nor CC 39142 2323 37 solid solid JJ 39142 2323 38 , , , 39142 2323 39 so so IN 39142 2323 40 that that IN 39142 2323 41 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2323 42 must must MD 39142 2323 43 be be VB 39142 2323 44 made make VBN 39142 2323 45 up up RP 39142 2323 46 of of IN 39142 2323 47 a a DT 39142 2323 48 vast vast JJ 39142 2323 49 multitude multitude NN 39142 2323 50 of of IN 39142 2323 51 particles particle NNS 39142 2323 52 traveling travel VBG 39142 2323 53 round round IN 39142 2323 54 the the DT 39142 2323 55 planet planet NN 39142 2323 56 independently independently RB 39142 2323 57 . . . 39142 2324 1 But but CC 39142 2324 2 the the DT 39142 2324 3 physical physical JJ 39142 2324 4 demonstration demonstration NN 39142 2324 5 that that WDT 39142 2324 6 absolutely absolutely RB 39142 2324 7 verified verify VBD 39142 2324 8 this this DT 39142 2324 9 conclusion conclusion NN 39142 2324 10 did do VBD 39142 2324 11 not not RB 39142 2324 12 come come VB 39142 2324 13 until until IN 39142 2324 14 1895 1895 CD 39142 2324 15 , , , 39142 2324 16 when when WRB 39142 2324 17 , , , 39142 2324 18 as as IN 39142 2324 19 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2324 20 have have VBP 39142 2324 21 said say VBD 39142 2324 22 in in IN 39142 2324 23 a a DT 39142 2324 24 preceding precede VBG 39142 2324 25 chapter chapter NN 39142 2324 26 , , , 39142 2324 27 Keeler Keeler NNP 39142 2324 28 , , , 39142 2324 29 by by IN 39142 2324 30 radial radial JJ 39142 2324 31 velocity velocity NN 39142 2324 32 measures measure NNS 39142 2324 33 on on IN 39142 2324 34 different different JJ 39142 2324 35 regions region NNS 39142 2324 36 of of IN 39142 2324 37 the the DT 39142 2324 38 ring ring NN 39142 2324 39 by by IN 39142 2324 40 means mean NNS 39142 2324 41 of of IN 39142 2324 42 the the DT 39142 2324 43 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 2324 44 , , , 39142 2324 45 proved prove VBD 39142 2324 46 that that IN 39142 2324 47 the the DT 39142 2324 48 inner inner JJ 39142 2324 49 parts part NNS 39142 2324 50 of of IN 39142 2324 51 the the DT 39142 2324 52 ring ring NN 39142 2324 53 travel travel NN 39142 2324 54 more more RBR 39142 2324 55 swiftly swiftly RB 39142 2324 56 round round IN 39142 2324 57 the the DT 39142 2324 58 planet planet NN 39142 2324 59 than than IN 39142 2324 60 the the DT 39142 2324 61 outer outer JJ 39142 2324 62 regions region NNS 39142 2324 63 do do VBP 39142 2324 64 . . . 39142 2325 1 And and CC 39142 2325 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2325 3 further further RB 39142 2325 4 showed show VBD 39142 2325 5 that that IN 39142 2325 6 the the DT 39142 2325 7 rates rate NNS 39142 2325 8 of of IN 39142 2325 9 revolution revolution NN 39142 2325 10 in in IN 39142 2325 11 different different JJ 39142 2325 12 parts part NNS 39142 2325 13 of of IN 39142 2325 14 the the DT 39142 2325 15 ring ring NN 39142 2325 16 exactly exactly RB 39142 2325 17 correspond correspond VBP 39142 2325 18 to to IN 39142 2325 19 the the DT 39142 2325 20 periods period NNS 39142 2325 21 of of IN 39142 2325 22 revolution revolution NN 39142 2325 23 which which WDT 39142 2325 24 satellites satellite NNS 39142 2325 25 of of IN 39142 2325 26 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 2325 27 would would MD 39142 2325 28 have have VB 39142 2325 29 , , , 39142 2325 30 if if IN 39142 2325 31 at at IN 39142 2325 32 the the DT 39142 2325 33 same same JJ 39142 2325 34 distance distance NN 39142 2325 35 from from IN 39142 2325 36 the the DT 39142 2325 37 center center NN 39142 2325 38 of of IN 39142 2325 39 the the DT 39142 2325 40 planet planet NN 39142 2325 41 . . . 39142 2326 1 The the DT 39142 2326 2 innermost innermost JJS 39142 2326 3 particles particle NNS 39142 2326 4 of of IN 39142 2326 5 the the DT 39142 2326 6 dusky dusky JJ 39142 2326 7 ring ring NN 39142 2326 8 , , , 39142 2326 9 for for IN 39142 2326 10 example example NN 39142 2326 11 , , , 39142 2326 12 travel travel NN 39142 2326 13 round round IN 39142 2326 14 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 2326 15 in in IN 39142 2326 16 about about RB 39142 2326 17 five five CD 39142 2326 18 hours hour NNS 39142 2326 19 , , , 39142 2326 20 while while IN 39142 2326 21 the the DT 39142 2326 22 outermost outermost JJ 39142 2326 23 particles particle NNS 39142 2326 24 of of IN 39142 2326 25 the the DT 39142 2326 26 outer outer JJ 39142 2326 27 bright bright JJ 39142 2326 28 ring ring NN 39142 2326 29 take take VBP 39142 2326 30 137 137 CD 39142 2326 31 hours hour NNS 39142 2326 32 to to TO 39142 2326 33 make make VB 39142 2326 34 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2326 35 revolution revolution NN 39142 2326 36 . . . 39142 2327 1 For for IN 39142 2327 2 many many JJ 39142 2327 3 years year NNS 39142 2327 4 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2327 5 was be VBD 39142 2327 6 thought think VBN 39142 2327 7 that that IN 39142 2327 8 the the DT 39142 2327 9 Saturnian saturnian JJ 39142 2327 10 ring ring NN 39142 2327 11 system system NN 39142 2327 12 was be VBD 39142 2327 13 a a DT 39142 2327 14 new new JJ 39142 2327 15 satellite satellite NN 39142 2327 16 in in IN 39142 2327 17 process process NN 39142 2327 18 of of IN 39142 2327 19 formation formation NN 39142 2327 20 , , , 39142 2327 21 but but CC 39142 2327 22 this this DT 39142 2327 23 view view NN 39142 2327 24 is be VBZ 39142 2327 25 no no RB 39142 2327 26 longer long RBR 39142 2327 27 entertained entertain VBN 39142 2327 28 ; ; : 39142 2327 29 and and CC 39142 2327 30 the the DT 39142 2327 31 system system NN 39142 2327 32 is be VBZ 39142 2327 33 regarded regard VBN 39142 2327 34 as as IN 39142 2327 35 a a DT 39142 2327 36 permanent permanent JJ 39142 2327 37 feature feature NN 39142 2327 38 of of IN 39142 2327 39 the the DT 39142 2327 40 planet planet NN 39142 2327 41 , , , 39142 2327 42 although although IN 39142 2327 43 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2327 44 are be VBP 39142 2327 45 not not RB 39142 2327 46 in in IN 39142 2327 47 entire entire JJ 39142 2327 48 agreement agreement NN 39142 2327 49 as as IN 39142 2327 50 to to IN 39142 2327 51 the the DT 39142 2327 52 evolutionary evolutionary JJ 39142 2327 53 process process NN 39142 2327 54 by by IN 39142 2327 55 which which WDT 39142 2327 56 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2327 57 came come VBD 39142 2327 58 into into IN 39142 2327 59 existence existence NN 39142 2327 60 -- -- : 39142 2327 61 whether whether IN 39142 2327 62 by by IN 39142 2327 63 some some DT 39142 2327 64 cosmic cosmic JJ 39142 2327 65 cataclysm cataclysm NNS 39142 2327 66 , , , 39142 2327 67 or or CC 39142 2327 68 by by IN 39142 2327 69 gradual gradual JJ 39142 2327 70 development development NN 39142 2327 71 throughout throughout IN 39142 2327 72 indefinite indefinite JJ 39142 2327 73 aeons aeon NNS 39142 2327 74 , , , 39142 2327 75 as as IN 39142 2327 76 the the DT 39142 2327 77 rest rest NN 39142 2327 78 of of IN 39142 2327 79 the the DT 39142 2327 80 solar solar JJ 39142 2327 81 system system NN 39142 2327 82 is be VBZ 39142 2327 83 thought think VBN 39142 2327 84 to to TO 39142 2327 85 have have VB 39142 2327 86 come come VBN 39142 2327 87 to to IN 39142 2327 88 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2327 89 present present JJ 39142 2327 90 state state NN 39142 2327 91 of of IN 39142 2327 92 existence existence NN 39142 2327 93 . . . 39142 2328 1 Possibly possibly RB 39142 2328 2 the the DT 39142 2328 3 planetesimal planetesimal NN 39142 2328 4 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 2328 5 of of IN 39142 2328 6 Chamberlin Chamberlin NNP 39142 2328 7 and and CC 39142 2328 8 Moulton Moulton NNP 39142 2328 9 affords afford VBZ 39142 2328 10 the the DT 39142 2328 11 true true JJ 39142 2328 12 explanation explanation NN 39142 2328 13 , , , 39142 2328 14 as as IN 39142 2328 15 the the DT 39142 2328 16 result result NN 39142 2328 17 of of IN 39142 2328 18 a a DT 39142 2328 19 rupture rupture NN 39142 2328 20 due due JJ 39142 2328 21 to to IN 39142 2328 22 excessive excessive JJ 39142 2328 23 tidal tidal JJ 39142 2328 24 strain strain NN 39142 2328 25 . . . 39142 2329 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 2329 2 XXXVIII XXXVIII VBD 39142 2329 3 THE the DT 39142 2329 4 FARTHEST farthest NN 39142 2329 5 PLANETS planets NN 39142 2329 6 On on IN 39142 2329 7 the the DT 39142 2329 8 13th 13th NN 39142 2329 9 of of IN 39142 2329 10 March March NNP 39142 2329 11 , , , 39142 2329 12 1781 1781 CD 39142 2329 13 , , , 39142 2329 14 between between IN 39142 2329 15 10 10 CD 39142 2329 16 and and CC 39142 2329 17 11 11 CD 39142 2329 18 P. P. NNP 39142 2329 19 M. M. NNP 39142 2329 20 , , , 39142 2329 21 as as IN 39142 2329 22 Sir Sir NNP 39142 2329 23 William William NNP 39142 2329 24 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 2329 25 was be VBD 39142 2329 26 sweeping sweep VBG 39142 2329 27 the the DT 39142 2329 28 constellation constellation NN 39142 2329 29 Gemini Gemini NNP 39142 2329 30 with with IN 39142 2329 31 one one CD 39142 2329 32 of of IN 39142 2329 33 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2329 34 great great JJ 39142 2329 35 reflecting reflect VBG 39142 2329 36 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 2329 37 , , , 39142 2329 38 one one CD 39142 2329 39 star star NN 39142 2329 40 among among IN 39142 2329 41 all all DT 39142 2329 42 that that WDT 39142 2329 43 passed pass VBD 39142 2329 44 through through IN 39142 2329 45 the the DT 39142 2329 46 field field NN 39142 2329 47 of of IN 39142 2329 48 view view NN 39142 2329 49 attracted attract VBD 39142 2329 50 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2329 51 attention attention NN 39142 2329 52 . . . 39142 2330 1 Removing remove VBG 39142 2330 2 the the DT 39142 2330 3 eyepiece eyepiece NN 39142 2330 4 and and CC 39142 2330 5 applying apply VBG 39142 2330 6 another another DT 39142 2330 7 with with IN 39142 2330 8 a a DT 39142 2330 9 higher high JJR 39142 2330 10 magnifying magnifying NN 39142 2330 11 power power NN 39142 2330 12 , , , 39142 2330 13 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2330 14 found find VBD 39142 2330 15 that that IN 39142 2330 16 , , , 39142 2330 17 unlike unlike IN 39142 2330 18 all all PDT 39142 2330 19 the the DT 39142 2330 20 other other JJ 39142 2330 21 stars star NNS 39142 2330 22 , , , 39142 2330 23 this this DT 39142 2330 24 one one NN 39142 2330 25 had have VBD 39142 2330 26 a a DT 39142 2330 27 small small JJ 39142 2330 28 disk disk NN 39142 2330 29 and and CC 39142 2330 30 was be VBD 39142 2330 31 not not RB 39142 2330 32 a a DT 39142 2330 33 mere mere JJ 39142 2330 34 point point NN 39142 2330 35 of of IN 39142 2330 36 light light NN 39142 2330 37 , , , 39142 2330 38 as as IN 39142 2330 39 all all PDT 39142 2330 40 the the DT 39142 2330 41 fixed fix VBN 39142 2330 42 stars star NNS 39142 2330 43 seem seem VBP 39142 2330 44 to to TO 39142 2330 45 be be VB 39142 2330 46 . . . 39142 2331 1 A a DT 39142 2331 2 few few JJ 39142 2331 3 nights night NNS 39142 2331 4 ' ' POS 39142 2331 5 observation observation NN 39142 2331 6 showed show VBD 39142 2331 7 that that IN 39142 2331 8 the the DT 39142 2331 9 stranger stranger NN 39142 2331 10 was be VBD 39142 2331 11 moving move VBG 39142 2331 12 among among IN 39142 2331 13 the the DT 39142 2331 14 stars star NNS 39142 2331 15 , , , 39142 2331 16 so so RB 39142 2331 17 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2331 18 thought think VBD 39142 2331 19 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2331 20 must must MD 39142 2331 21 be be VB 39142 2331 22 a a DT 39142 2331 23 comet comet NN 39142 2331 24 ; ; : 39142 2331 25 but but CC 39142 2331 26 a a DT 39142 2331 27 week week NN 39142 2331 28 's 's POS 39142 2331 29 observation observation NN 39142 2331 30 following follow VBG 39142 2331 31 showed show VBD 39142 2331 32 that that IN 39142 2331 33 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2331 34 had have VBD 39142 2331 35 discovered discover VBN 39142 2331 36 a a DT 39142 2331 37 new new JJ 39142 2331 38 member member NN 39142 2331 39 of of IN 39142 2331 40 the the DT 39142 2331 41 planetary planetary NN 39142 2331 42 system system NN 39142 2331 43 , , , 39142 2331 44 far far RB 39142 2331 45 out out RB 39142 2331 46 beyond beyond IN 39142 2331 47 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 2331 48 , , , 39142 2331 49 which which WDT 39142 2331 50 from from IN 39142 2331 51 time time NN 39142 2331 52 immemorial immemorial NNP 39142 2331 53 had have VBD 39142 2331 54 been be VBN 39142 2331 55 assumed assume VBN 39142 2331 56 to to TO 39142 2331 57 be be VB 39142 2331 58 the the DT 39142 2331 59 outermost outermost JJ 39142 2331 60 planet planet NN 39142 2331 61 of of IN 39142 2331 62 all all DT 39142 2331 63 . . . 39142 2332 1 This this DT 39142 2332 2 , , , 39142 2332 3 then then RB 39142 2332 4 , , , 39142 2332 5 was be VBD 39142 2332 6 the the DT 39142 2332 7 first first JJ 39142 2332 8 real real JJ 39142 2332 9 discovery discovery NN 39142 2332 10 of of IN 39142 2332 11 a a DT 39142 2332 12 planet planet NN 39142 2332 13 , , , 39142 2332 14 as as IN 39142 2332 15 the the DT 39142 2332 16 finding finding NN 39142 2332 17 of of IN 39142 2332 18 the the DT 39142 2332 19 satellites satellite NNS 39142 2332 20 of of IN 39142 2332 21 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2332 22 had have VBD 39142 2332 23 been be VBN 39142 2332 24 the the DT 39142 2332 25 first first JJ 39142 2332 26 of of IN 39142 2332 27 all all DT 39142 2332 28 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 2332 29 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 2332 30 . . . 39142 2333 1 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 2333 2 's 's POS 39142 2333 3 discovery discovery NN 39142 2333 4 occasioned occasion VBD 39142 2333 5 great great JJ 39142 2333 6 excitement excitement NN 39142 2333 7 , , , 39142 2333 8 and and CC 39142 2333 9 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2333 10 named name VBD 39142 2333 11 the the DT 39142 2333 12 new new JJ 39142 2333 13 planet planet NN 39142 2333 14 Georgium Georgium NNP 39142 2333 15 Sidus Sidus NNP 39142 2333 16 or or CC 39142 2333 17 the the DT 39142 2333 18 Georgian Georgian NNP 39142 2333 19 , , , 39142 2333 20 after after IN 39142 2333 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2333 22 King king NN 39142 2333 23 . . . 39142 2334 1 The the DT 39142 2334 2 King King NNP 39142 2334 3 created create VBD 39142 2334 4 him -PRON- PRP 39142 2334 5 a a DT 39142 2334 6 knight knight NN 39142 2334 7 and and CC 39142 2334 8 gave give VBD 39142 2334 9 him -PRON- PRP 39142 2334 10 a a DT 39142 2334 11 pension pension NN 39142 2334 12 , , , 39142 2334 13 besides besides IN 39142 2334 14 providing provide VBG 39142 2334 15 the the DT 39142 2334 16 means mean NNS 39142 2334 17 for for IN 39142 2334 18 building build VBG 39142 2334 19 a a DT 39142 2334 20 huge huge JJ 39142 2334 21 telescope telescope NN 39142 2334 22 , , , 39142 2334 23 40 40 CD 39142 2334 24 feet foot NNS 39142 2334 25 long long JJ 39142 2334 26 , , , 39142 2334 27 with with IN 39142 2334 28 which which WDT 39142 2334 29 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2334 30 subsequently subsequently RB 39142 2334 31 made make VBD 39142 2334 32 many many JJ 39142 2334 33 other other JJ 39142 2334 34 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 2334 35 discoveries discovery NNS 39142 2334 36 . . . 39142 2335 1 The the DT 39142 2335 2 planet planet NN 39142 2335 3 that that WDT 39142 2335 4 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 2335 5 discovered discover VBD 39142 2335 6 is be VBZ 39142 2335 7 now now RB 39142 2335 8 called call VBN 39142 2335 9 Uranus Uranus NNP 39142 2335 10 . . . 39142 2336 1 Uranus uranus NN 39142 2336 2 is be VBZ 39142 2336 3 an an DT 39142 2336 4 object object NN 39142 2336 5 not not RB 39142 2336 6 wholly wholly RB 39142 2336 7 impossible impossible JJ 39142 2336 8 to to TO 39142 2336 9 see see VB 39142 2336 10 with with IN 39142 2336 11 the the DT 39142 2336 12 naked naked JJ 39142 2336 13 eye eye NN 39142 2336 14 , , , 39142 2336 15 if if IN 39142 2336 16 the the DT 39142 2336 17 sky sky NN 39142 2336 18 background background NN 39142 2336 19 is be VBZ 39142 2336 20 clear clear JJ 39142 2336 21 and and CC 39142 2336 22 black black JJ 39142 2336 23 , , , 39142 2336 24 and and CC 39142 2336 25 one one NN 39142 2336 26 knows know VBZ 39142 2336 27 exactly exactly RB 39142 2336 28 where where WRB 39142 2336 29 to to TO 39142 2336 30 look look VB 39142 2336 31 for for IN 39142 2336 32 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2336 33 . . . 39142 2337 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2337 2 brightness brightness NN 39142 2337 3 is be VBZ 39142 2337 4 about about IN 39142 2337 5 that that DT 39142 2337 6 of of IN 39142 2337 7 a a DT 39142 2337 8 sixth sixth JJ 39142 2337 9 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2337 10 star star NN 39142 2337 11 or or CC 39142 2337 12 a a DT 39142 2337 13 little little JJ 39142 2337 14 fainter fainter NN 39142 2337 15 . . . 39142 2338 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2338 2 average average JJ 39142 2338 3 distance distance NN 39142 2338 4 from from IN 39142 2338 5 the the DT 39142 2338 6 sun sun NN 39142 2338 7 is be VBZ 39142 2338 8 about about RB 39142 2338 9 1,800 1,800 CD 39142 2338 10 million million CD 39142 2338 11 miles mile NNS 39142 2338 12 and and CC 39142 2338 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2338 14 takes take VBZ 39142 2338 15 eighty eighty CD 39142 2338 16 - - HYPH 39142 2338 17 four four CD 39142 2338 18 years year NNS 39142 2338 19 to to TO 39142 2338 20 complete complete VB 39142 2338 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2338 22 journey journey NN 39142 2338 23 round round IN 39142 2338 24 the the DT 39142 2338 25 sun sun NN 39142 2338 26 , , , 39142 2338 27 traveling travel VBG 39142 2338 28 only only RB 39142 2338 29 a a DT 39142 2338 30 little little JJ 39142 2338 31 more more JJR 39142 2338 32 than than IN 39142 2338 33 four four CD 39142 2338 34 miles mile NNS 39142 2338 35 a a DT 39142 2338 36 second second NN 39142 2338 37 . . . 39142 2339 1 When when WRB 39142 2339 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2339 3 examine examine VBP 39142 2339 4 Uranus uranus NN 39142 2339 5 closely closely RB 39142 2339 6 with with IN 39142 2339 7 a a DT 39142 2339 8 large large JJ 39142 2339 9 telescope telescope NN 39142 2339 10 , , , 39142 2339 11 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2339 12 find find VBP 39142 2339 13 a a DT 39142 2339 14 small small JJ 39142 2339 15 disk disk NN 39142 2339 16 slightly slightly RB 39142 2339 17 greenish greenish JJ 39142 2339 18 in in IN 39142 2339 19 tint tint NN 39142 2339 20 , , , 39142 2339 21 very very RB 39142 2339 22 slightly slightly RB 39142 2339 23 flattened flattened JJ 39142 2339 24 , , , 39142 2339 25 and and CC 39142 2339 26 at at IN 39142 2339 27 times time NNS 39142 2339 28 faint faint JJ 39142 2339 29 bands band NNS 39142 2339 30 or or CC 39142 2339 31 belts belt NNS 39142 2339 32 are be VBP 39142 2339 33 apparently apparently RB 39142 2339 34 seen see VBN 39142 2339 35 . . . 39142 2340 1 Uranus uranus NN 39142 2340 2 is be VBZ 39142 2340 3 about about RB 39142 2340 4 30,000 30,000 CD 39142 2340 5 miles mile NNS 39142 2340 6 in in IN 39142 2340 7 diameter diameter NN 39142 2340 8 , , , 39142 2340 9 and and CC 39142 2340 10 is be VBZ 39142 2340 11 probably probably RB 39142 2340 12 surrounded surround VBN 39142 2340 13 by by IN 39142 2340 14 a a DT 39142 2340 15 dense dense JJ 39142 2340 16 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2340 17 . . . 39142 2341 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2341 2 rotation rotation NN 39142 2341 3 time time NN 39142 2341 4 is be VBZ 39142 2341 5 10 10 CD 39142 2341 6 h. h. NN 39142 2341 7 50 50 CD 39142 2341 8 m. m. NN 39142 2341 9 Uranus Uranus NNP 39142 2341 10 is be VBZ 39142 2341 11 attended attend VBN 39142 2341 12 by by IN 39142 2341 13 four four CD 39142 2341 14 moons moon NNS 39142 2341 15 or or CC 39142 2341 16 satellites satellite NNS 39142 2341 17 , , , 39142 2341 18 named name VBN 39142 2341 19 Ariel Ariel NNP 39142 2341 20 , , , 39142 2341 21 Umbriel Umbriel NNP 39142 2341 22 , , , 39142 2341 23 Titania Titania NNP 39142 2341 24 , , , 39142 2341 25 and and CC 39142 2341 26 Oberon Oberon NNP 39142 2341 27 , , , 39142 2341 28 the the DT 39142 2341 29 last last JJ 39142 2341 30 being be VBG 39142 2341 31 the the DT 39142 2341 32 most most RBS 39142 2341 33 remote remote JJ 39142 2341 34 from from IN 39142 2341 35 the the DT 39142 2341 36 planet planet NN 39142 2341 37 . . . 39142 2342 1 This this DT 39142 2342 2 system system NN 39142 2342 3 of of IN 39142 2342 4 satellites satellite NNS 39142 2342 5 has have VBZ 39142 2342 6 a a DT 39142 2342 7 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 2342 8 peculiarity peculiarity NN 39142 2342 9 : : : 39142 2342 10 the the DT 39142 2342 11 plane plane NN 39142 2342 12 of of IN 39142 2342 13 the the DT 39142 2342 14 orbits orbit NNS 39142 2342 15 in in IN 39142 2342 16 which which WDT 39142 2342 17 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2342 18 travel travel VBP 39142 2342 19 round round IN 39142 2342 20 Uranus Uranus NNP 39142 2342 21 is be VBZ 39142 2342 22 inclined incline VBN 39142 2342 23 about about IN 39142 2342 24 80 80 CD 39142 2342 25 degrees degree NNS 39142 2342 26 to to IN 39142 2342 27 the the DT 39142 2342 28 plane plane NN 39142 2342 29 of of IN 39142 2342 30 the the DT 39142 2342 31 ecliptic ecliptic NN 39142 2342 32 , , , 39142 2342 33 so so IN 39142 2342 34 that that IN 39142 2342 35 the the DT 39142 2342 36 satellites satellite NNS 39142 2342 37 travel travel VBP 39142 2342 38 backward backward RB 39142 2342 39 , , , 39142 2342 40 or or CC 39142 2342 41 in in IN 39142 2342 42 a a DT 39142 2342 43 retrograde retrograde NN 39142 2342 44 direction direction NN 39142 2342 45 ; ; : 39142 2342 46 or or CC 39142 2342 47 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2342 48 might may MD 39142 2342 49 regard regard VB 39142 2342 50 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2342 51 motion motion NN 39142 2342 52 as as RB 39142 2342 53 forward forward RB 39142 2342 54 , , , 39142 2342 55 or or CC 39142 2342 56 direct direct JJ 39142 2342 57 , , , 39142 2342 58 if if IN 39142 2342 59 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2342 60 considered consider VBD 39142 2342 61 the the DT 39142 2342 62 planes plane NNS 39142 2342 63 of of IN 39142 2342 64 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2342 65 orbits orbit NNS 39142 2342 66 inclined incline VBN 39142 2342 67 at at IN 39142 2342 68 100 100 CD 39142 2342 69 degrees degree NNS 39142 2342 70 . . . 39142 2343 1 For for IN 39142 2343 2 many many JJ 39142 2343 3 years year NNS 39142 2343 4 after after IN 39142 2343 5 the the DT 39142 2343 6 discovery discovery NN 39142 2343 7 of of IN 39142 2343 8 Uranus Uranus NNP 39142 2343 9 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2343 10 was be VBD 39142 2343 11 thought think VBN 39142 2343 12 that that IN 39142 2343 13 all all PDT 39142 2343 14 the the DT 39142 2343 15 great great JJ 39142 2343 16 bodies body NNS 39142 2343 17 of of IN 39142 2343 18 the the DT 39142 2343 19 solar solar JJ 39142 2343 20 system system NN 39142 2343 21 had have VBD 39142 2343 22 surely surely RB 39142 2343 23 been be VBN 39142 2343 24 found find VBN 39142 2343 25 . . . 39142 2344 1 Least Least JJS 39142 2344 2 of of IN 39142 2344 3 all all DT 39142 2344 4 was be VBD 39142 2344 5 any any DT 39142 2344 6 planet planet NN 39142 2344 7 suspected suspect VBN 39142 2344 8 beyond beyond IN 39142 2344 9 Uranus uranus NN 39142 2344 10 until until IN 39142 2344 11 the the DT 39142 2344 12 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 2344 13 tables table NNS 39142 2344 14 of of IN 39142 2344 15 the the DT 39142 2344 16 motion motion NN 39142 2344 17 of of IN 39142 2344 18 Uranus Uranus NNP 39142 2344 19 , , , 39142 2344 20 although although IN 39142 2344 21 built build VBN 39142 2344 22 up up RP 39142 2344 23 and and CC 39142 2344 24 revised revise VBN 39142 2344 25 with with IN 39142 2344 26 the the DT 39142 2344 27 greatest great JJS 39142 2344 28 care care NN 39142 2344 29 and and CC 39142 2344 30 thoroughness thoroughness NN 39142 2344 31 , , , 39142 2344 32 began begin VBD 39142 2344 33 to to TO 39142 2344 34 show show VB 39142 2344 35 that that IN 39142 2344 36 some some DT 39142 2344 37 outside outside JJ 39142 2344 38 influence influence NN 39142 2344 39 was be VBD 39142 2344 40 disturbing disturb VBG 39142 2344 41 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2344 42 in in IN 39142 2344 43 accordance accordance NN 39142 2344 44 with with IN 39142 2344 45 Newton Newton NNP 39142 2344 46 's 's POS 39142 2344 47 law law NN 39142 2344 48 of of IN 39142 2344 49 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 2344 50 . . . 39142 2345 1 The the DT 39142 2345 2 attraction attraction NN 39142 2345 3 of of IN 39142 2345 4 a a DT 39142 2345 5 still still RB 39142 2345 6 more more RBR 39142 2345 7 distant distant JJ 39142 2345 8 planet planet NN 39142 2345 9 would would MD 39142 2345 10 account account VB 39142 2345 11 for for IN 39142 2345 12 the the DT 39142 2345 13 disturbance disturbance NN 39142 2345 14 , , , 39142 2345 15 and and CC 39142 2345 16 since since IN 39142 2345 17 no no DT 39142 2345 18 such such JJ 39142 2345 19 planet planet NN 39142 2345 20 was be VBD 39142 2345 21 visible visible JJ 39142 2345 22 anywhere anywhere RB 39142 2345 23 a a DT 39142 2345 24 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 2345 25 search search NN 39142 2345 26 for for IN 39142 2345 27 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2345 28 was be VBD 39142 2345 29 begun begin VBN 39142 2345 30 . . . 39142 2346 1 NEPTUNE NEPTUNE NNP 39142 2346 2 Wholly wholly RB 39142 2346 3 independently independently RB 39142 2346 4 of of IN 39142 2346 5 each each DT 39142 2346 6 other other JJ 39142 2346 7 , , , 39142 2346 8 two two CD 39142 2346 9 young young JJ 39142 2346 10 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2346 11 , , , 39142 2346 12 Adams Adams NNP 39142 2346 13 of of IN 39142 2346 14 England England NNP 39142 2346 15 and and CC 39142 2346 16 Le Le NNP 39142 2346 17 Verrier Verrier NNP 39142 2346 18 of of IN 39142 2346 19 France France NNP 39142 2346 20 , , , 39142 2346 21 undertook undertake VBD 39142 2346 22 to to TO 39142 2346 23 solve solve VB 39142 2346 24 the the DT 39142 2346 25 unique unique JJ 39142 2346 26 problem problem NN 39142 2346 27 of of IN 39142 2346 28 finding find VBG 39142 2346 29 out out RP 39142 2346 30 the the DT 39142 2346 31 position position NN 39142 2346 32 in in IN 39142 2346 33 the the DT 39142 2346 34 sky sky NN 39142 2346 35 where where WRB 39142 2346 36 a a DT 39142 2346 37 planet planet NN 39142 2346 38 might may MD 39142 2346 39 be be VB 39142 2346 40 found find VBN 39142 2346 41 that that WDT 39142 2346 42 would would MD 39142 2346 43 exactly exactly RB 39142 2346 44 account account VB 39142 2346 45 for for IN 39142 2346 46 the the DT 39142 2346 47 irregular irregular JJ 39142 2346 48 motion motion NN 39142 2346 49 of of IN 39142 2346 50 Uranus Uranus NNP 39142 2346 51 . . . 39142 2347 1 Both both DT 39142 2347 2 reached reach VBD 39142 2347 3 practically practically RB 39142 2347 4 identical identical JJ 39142 2347 5 results result NNS 39142 2347 6 . . . 39142 2348 1 Adams Adams NNP 39142 2348 2 was be VBD 39142 2348 3 first first RB 39142 2348 4 in in IN 39142 2348 5 point point NN 39142 2348 6 of of IN 39142 2348 7 time time NN 39142 2348 8 , , , 39142 2348 9 and and CC 39142 2348 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2348 11 announcement announcement NN 39142 2348 12 led lead VBD 39142 2348 13 to to IN 39142 2348 14 the the DT 39142 2348 15 earliest early JJS 39142 2348 16 observation observation NN 39142 2348 17 , , , 39142 2348 18 without without IN 39142 2348 19 recognition recognition NN 39142 2348 20 of of IN 39142 2348 21 the the DT 39142 2348 22 new new JJ 39142 2348 23 planet planet NN 39142 2348 24 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2348 25 July July NNP 39142 2348 26 30 30 CD 39142 2348 27 , , , 39142 2348 28 1846 1846 CD 39142 2348 29 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2348 30 , , , 39142 2348 31 although although IN 39142 2348 32 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2348 33 was be VBD 39142 2348 34 Le Le NNP 39142 2348 35 Verrier Verrier NNP 39142 2348 36 's 's POS 39142 2348 37 work work NN 39142 2348 38 that that WDT 39142 2348 39 led lead VBD 39142 2348 40 directly directly RB 39142 2348 41 to to IN 39142 2348 42 the the DT 39142 2348 43 new new JJ 39142 2348 44 planet planet NN 39142 2348 45 's 's POS 39142 2348 46 being be VBG 39142 2348 47 first first RB 39142 2348 48 seen see VBN 39142 2348 49 and and CC 39142 2348 50 recognized recognize VBN 39142 2348 51 as as IN 39142 2348 52 such such JJ 39142 2348 53 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2348 54 September September NNP 39142 2348 55 23 23 CD 39142 2348 56 , , , 39142 2348 57 1846 1846 CD 39142 2348 58 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2348 59 . . . 39142 2349 1 Figuring figure VBG 39142 2349 2 backward backward RB 39142 2349 3 , , , 39142 2349 4 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2349 5 was be VBD 39142 2349 6 found find VBN 39142 2349 7 that that IN 39142 2349 8 the the DT 39142 2349 9 planet planet NN 39142 2349 10 had have VBD 39142 2349 11 been be VBN 39142 2349 12 accidentally accidentally RB 39142 2349 13 observed observe VBN 39142 2349 14 in in IN 39142 2349 15 Paris Paris NNP 39142 2349 16 in in IN 39142 2349 17 1795 1795 CD 39142 2349 18 , , , 39142 2349 19 but but CC 39142 2349 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2349 21 planetary planetary NN 39142 2349 22 character character NN 39142 2349 23 had have VBD 39142 2349 24 been be VBN 39142 2349 25 overlooked overlook VBN 39142 2349 26 . . . 39142 2350 1 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 2350 2 is be VBZ 39142 2350 3 the the DT 39142 2350 4 name name NN 39142 2350 5 finally finally RB 39142 2350 6 assigned assign VBN 39142 2350 7 to to IN 39142 2350 8 this this DT 39142 2350 9 historical historical JJ 39142 2350 10 planet planet NN 39142 2350 11 . . . 39142 2351 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 2351 2 is be VBZ 39142 2351 3 thirty thirty CD 39142 2351 4 times time NNS 39142 2351 5 farther farther RB 39142 2351 6 from from IN 39142 2351 7 the the DT 39142 2351 8 sun sun NN 39142 2351 9 than than IN 39142 2351 10 the the DT 39142 2351 11 earth earth NN 39142 2351 12 , , , 39142 2351 13 or or CC 39142 2351 14 2,800 2,800 CD 39142 2351 15 million million CD 39142 2351 16 miles mile NNS 39142 2351 17 ; ; : 39142 2351 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2351 19 velocity velocity NN 39142 2351 20 in in IN 39142 2351 21 orbit orbit NN 39142 2351 22 is be VBZ 39142 2351 23 a a DT 39142 2351 24 little little JJ 39142 2351 25 over over IN 39142 2351 26 three three CD 39142 2351 27 miles mile NNS 39142 2351 28 per per IN 39142 2351 29 second second NN 39142 2351 30 , , , 39142 2351 31 and and CC 39142 2351 32 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2351 33 consumes consume VBZ 39142 2351 34 164 164 CD 39142 2351 35 years year NNS 39142 2351 36 in in IN 39142 2351 37 going go VBG 39142 2351 38 once once RB 39142 2351 39 completely completely RB 39142 2351 40 round round VBP 39142 2351 41 the the DT 39142 2351 42 sun sun NN 39142 2351 43 . . . 39142 2352 1 So so RB 39142 2352 2 faint faint JJ 39142 2352 3 is be VBZ 39142 2352 4 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2352 5 that that IN 39142 2352 6 a a DT 39142 2352 7 telescope telescope NN 39142 2352 8 of of IN 39142 2352 9 large large JJ 39142 2352 10 size size NN 39142 2352 11 is be VBZ 39142 2352 12 necessary necessary JJ 39142 2352 13 to to TO 39142 2352 14 show show VB 39142 2352 15 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2352 16 plainly plainly RB 39142 2352 17 . . . 39142 2353 1 The the DT 39142 2353 2 brightness brightness NN 39142 2353 3 equals equal VBZ 39142 2353 4 that that DT 39142 2353 5 of of IN 39142 2353 6 a a DT 39142 2353 7 star star NN 39142 2353 8 of of IN 39142 2353 9 the the DT 39142 2353 10 eighth eighth JJ 39142 2353 11 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2353 12 , , , 39142 2353 13 and and CC 39142 2353 14 with with IN 39142 2353 15 a a DT 39142 2353 16 telescope telescope NN 39142 2353 17 of of IN 39142 2353 18 sufficient sufficient JJ 39142 2353 19 magnifying magnifying NN 39142 2353 20 power power NN 39142 2353 21 , , , 39142 2353 22 the the DT 39142 2353 23 tiny tiny JJ 39142 2353 24 disk disk NN 39142 2353 25 can can MD 39142 2353 26 be be VB 39142 2353 27 seen see VBN 39142 2353 28 and and CC 39142 2353 29 measured measure VBN 39142 2353 30 . . . 39142 2354 1 The the DT 39142 2354 2 planet planet NN 39142 2354 3 is be VBZ 39142 2354 4 about about RB 39142 2354 5 30,000 30,000 CD 39142 2354 6 miles mile NNS 39142 2354 7 in in IN 39142 2354 8 diameter diameter NN 39142 2354 9 , , , 39142 2354 10 and and CC 39142 2354 11 is be VBZ 39142 2354 12 not not RB 39142 2354 13 known know VBN 39142 2354 14 to to TO 39142 2354 15 possess possess VB 39142 2354 16 more more JJR 39142 2354 17 than than IN 39142 2354 18 one one CD 39142 2354 19 moon moon NN 39142 2354 20 or or CC 39142 2354 21 satellite satellite NN 39142 2354 22 . . . 39142 2355 1 If if IN 39142 2355 2 there there EX 39142 2355 3 are be VBP 39142 2355 4 others other NNS 39142 2355 5 , , , 39142 2355 6 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2355 7 are be VBP 39142 2355 8 probably probably RB 39142 2355 9 too too RB 39142 2355 10 faint faint JJ 39142 2355 11 to to TO 39142 2355 12 be be VB 39142 2355 13 seen see VBN 39142 2355 14 by by IN 39142 2355 15 any any DT 39142 2355 16 telescope telescope NN 39142 2355 17 at at IN 39142 2355 18 present present NN 39142 2355 19 in in IN 39142 2355 20 existence existence NN 39142 2355 21 . . . 39142 2356 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 2356 2 XXXIX xxxix VBP 39142 2356 3 THE the DT 39142 2356 4 TRANS trans NN 39142 2356 5 - - HYPH 39142 2356 6 NEPTUNIAN NEPTUNIAN NNP 39142 2356 7 PLANET PLANET NNP 39142 2356 8 Investigation Investigation NNP 39142 2356 9 of of IN 39142 2356 10 the the DT 39142 2356 11 question question NN 39142 2356 12 of of IN 39142 2356 13 a a DT 39142 2356 14 possible possible JJ 39142 2356 15 trans trans JJ 39142 2356 16 - - JJ 39142 2356 17 Neptunian neptunian JJ 39142 2356 18 planet planet NN 39142 2356 19 was be VBD 39142 2356 20 undertaken undertake VBN 39142 2356 21 by by IN 39142 2356 22 the the DT 39142 2356 23 writer writer NN 39142 2356 24 in in IN 39142 2356 25 1877 1877 CD 39142 2356 26 . . . 39142 2357 1 As as IN 39142 2357 2 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 2357 3 requires require VBZ 39142 2357 4 164 164 CD 39142 2357 5 years year NNS 39142 2357 6 to to TO 39142 2357 7 travel travel VB 39142 2357 8 completely completely RB 39142 2357 9 round round IN 39142 2357 10 the the DT 39142 2357 11 sun sun NN 39142 2357 12 , , , 39142 2357 13 and and CC 39142 2357 14 the the DT 39142 2357 15 period period NN 39142 2357 16 during during IN 39142 2357 17 which which WDT 39142 2357 18 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2357 19 has have VBZ 39142 2357 20 been be VBN 39142 2357 21 carefully carefully RB 39142 2357 22 observed observe VBN 39142 2357 23 embraces embrace NNS 39142 2357 24 only only RB 39142 2357 25 half half PDT 39142 2357 26 that that DT 39142 2357 27 interval interval NN 39142 2357 28 , , , 39142 2357 29 clearly clearly RB 39142 2357 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2357 31 orbit orbit NN 39142 2357 32 can can MD 39142 2357 33 not not RB 39142 2357 34 be be VB 39142 2357 35 regarded regard VBN 39142 2357 36 as as IN 39142 2357 37 very very RB 39142 2357 38 well well RB 39142 2357 39 known known JJ 39142 2357 40 . . . 39142 2358 1 Any any DT 39142 2358 2 possible possible JJ 39142 2358 3 deviations deviation NNS 39142 2358 4 from from IN 39142 2358 5 the the DT 39142 2358 6 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 2358 7 orbit orbit NN 39142 2358 8 could could MD 39142 2358 9 not not RB 39142 2358 10 therefore therefore RB 39142 2358 11 be be VB 39142 2358 12 traced trace VBN 39142 2358 13 to to IN 39142 2358 14 the the DT 39142 2358 15 action action NN 39142 2358 16 of of IN 39142 2358 17 a a DT 39142 2358 18 possible possible JJ 39142 2358 19 unknown unknown JJ 39142 2358 20 planet planet NN 39142 2358 21 outside outside RB 39142 2358 22 . . . 39142 2359 1 But but CC 39142 2359 2 the the DT 39142 2359 3 case case NN 39142 2359 4 was be VBD 39142 2359 5 different different JJ 39142 2359 6 with with IN 39142 2359 7 Uranus Uranus NNP 39142 2359 8 , , , 39142 2359 9 which which WDT 39142 2359 10 showed show VBD 39142 2359 11 very very RB 39142 2359 12 slight slight JJ 39142 2359 13 disturbances disturbance NNS 39142 2359 14 , , , 39142 2359 15 and and CC 39142 2359 16 these these DT 39142 2359 17 were be VBD 39142 2359 18 assumed assume VBN 39142 2359 19 to to TO 39142 2359 20 be be VB 39142 2359 21 due due JJ 39142 2359 22 to to IN 39142 2359 23 a a DT 39142 2359 24 possible possible JJ 39142 2359 25 planet planet NN 39142 2359 26 exterior exterior JJ 39142 2359 27 to to IN 39142 2359 28 both both CC 39142 2359 29 Uranus Uranus NNP 39142 2359 30 and and CC 39142 2359 31 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 2359 32 . . . 39142 2360 1 As as IN 39142 2360 2 a a DT 39142 2360 3 position position NN 39142 2360 4 for for IN 39142 2360 5 this this DT 39142 2360 6 body body NN 39142 2360 7 in in IN 39142 2360 8 the the DT 39142 2360 9 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 2360 10 was be VBD 39142 2360 11 indicated indicate VBN 39142 2360 12 by by IN 39142 2360 13 the the DT 39142 2360 14 writer writer NN 39142 2360 15 's 's POS 39142 2360 16 investigation investigation NN 39142 2360 17 , , , 39142 2360 18 that that DT 39142 2360 19 region region NN 39142 2360 20 of of IN 39142 2360 21 the the DT 39142 2360 22 sky sky NN 39142 2360 23 was be VBD 39142 2360 24 searched search VBN 39142 2360 25 by by IN 39142 2360 26 him -PRON- PRP 39142 2360 27 with with IN 39142 2360 28 great great JJ 39142 2360 29 care care NN 39142 2360 30 in in IN 39142 2360 31 1877 1877 CD 39142 2360 32 - - SYM 39142 2360 33 1878 1878 CD 39142 2360 34 with with IN 39142 2360 35 the the DT 39142 2360 36 twenty twenty CD 39142 2360 37 - - HYPH 39142 2360 38 six six CD 39142 2360 39 - - HYPH 39142 2360 40 inch inch NN 39142 2360 41 telescope telescope NN 39142 2360 42 at at IN 39142 2360 43 Washington Washington NNP 39142 2360 44 ; ; : 39142 2360 45 and and CC 39142 2360 46 photographs photograph NNS 39142 2360 47 of of IN 39142 2360 48 the the DT 39142 2360 49 same same JJ 39142 2360 50 region region NN 39142 2360 51 were be VBD 39142 2360 52 afterward afterward RB 39142 2360 53 taken take VBN 39142 2360 54 by by IN 39142 2360 55 others other NNS 39142 2360 56 , , , 39142 2360 57 though though IN 39142 2360 58 only only RB 39142 2360 59 with with IN 39142 2360 60 negative negative JJ 39142 2360 61 results result NNS 39142 2360 62 . . . 39142 2361 1 In in IN 39142 2361 2 1880 1880 CD 39142 2361 3 , , , 39142 2361 4 Forbes Forbes NNP 39142 2361 5 of of IN 39142 2361 6 Edinburgh Edinburgh NNP 39142 2361 7 published publish VBD 39142 2361 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2361 9 investigation investigation NN 39142 2361 10 of of IN 39142 2361 11 the the DT 39142 2361 12 problem problem NN 39142 2361 13 from from IN 39142 2361 14 an an DT 39142 2361 15 entirely entirely RB 39142 2361 16 independent independent JJ 39142 2361 17 angle angle NN 39142 2361 18 . . . 39142 2362 1 Families family NNS 39142 2362 2 of of IN 39142 2362 3 comets comet NNS 39142 2362 4 have have VBP 39142 2362 5 long long RB 39142 2362 6 been be VBN 39142 2362 7 recognized recognize VBN 39142 2362 8 whose whose WP$ 39142 2362 9 aphelion aphelion NN 39142 2362 10 distances distance NNS 39142 2362 11 correspond correspond VBP 39142 2362 12 so so RB 39142 2362 13 nearly nearly RB 39142 2362 14 with with IN 39142 2362 15 the the DT 39142 2362 16 distances distance NNS 39142 2362 17 of of IN 39142 2362 18 the the DT 39142 2362 19 planets planet NNS 39142 2362 20 that that WDT 39142 2362 21 these these DT 39142 2362 22 comet comet JJ 39142 2362 23 families family NNS 39142 2362 24 are be VBP 39142 2362 25 now now RB 39142 2362 26 recognized recognize VBN 39142 2362 27 as as IN 39142 2362 28 having have VBG 39142 2362 29 been be VBN 39142 2362 30 created create VBN 39142 2362 31 by by IN 39142 2362 32 the the DT 39142 2362 33 several several JJ 39142 2362 34 planets planet NNS 39142 2362 35 , , , 39142 2362 36 which which WDT 39142 2362 37 have have VBP 39142 2362 38 reduced reduce VBN 39142 2362 39 the the DT 39142 2362 40 high high JJ 39142 2362 41 original original JJ 39142 2362 42 velocities velocity NNS 39142 2362 43 possessed possess VBN 39142 2362 44 by by IN 39142 2362 45 the the DT 39142 2362 46 comets comet NNS 39142 2362 47 on on IN 39142 2362 48 first first RB 39142 2362 49 entering enter VBG 39142 2362 50 the the DT 39142 2362 51 solar solar JJ 39142 2362 52 system system NN 39142 2362 53 . . . 39142 2363 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2363 2 orbits orbit NNS 39142 2363 3 have have VBP 39142 2363 4 ever ever RB 39142 2363 5 since since IN 39142 2363 6 been be VBN 39142 2363 7 ellipses ellipsis NNS 39142 2363 8 with with IN 39142 2363 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2363 10 aphelia aphelion NNS 39142 2363 11 in in IN 39142 2363 12 groups group NNS 39142 2363 13 corresponding correspond VBG 39142 2363 14 to to IN 39142 2363 15 the the DT 39142 2363 16 distances distance NNS 39142 2363 17 of of IN 39142 2363 18 the the DT 39142 2363 19 planets planet NNS 39142 2363 20 concerned concern VBN 39142 2363 21 . . . 39142 2364 1 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2364 2 has have VBZ 39142 2364 3 a a DT 39142 2364 4 large large JJ 39142 2364 5 group group NN 39142 2364 6 of of IN 39142 2364 7 such such JJ 39142 2364 8 comets comet NNS 39142 2364 9 , , , 39142 2364 10 also also RB 39142 2364 11 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 2364 12 . . . 39142 2365 1 Uranus Uranus NNP 39142 2365 2 and and CC 39142 2365 3 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 2365 4 likewise likewise RB 39142 2365 5 have have VBP 39142 2365 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2365 7 families family NNS 39142 2365 8 of of IN 39142 2365 9 comets comet NNS 39142 2365 10 , , , 39142 2365 11 and and CC 39142 2365 12 Forbes Forbes NNP 39142 2365 13 found find VBD 39142 2365 14 two two CD 39142 2365 15 groups group NNS 39142 2365 16 with with IN 39142 2365 17 average average JJ 39142 2365 18 distances distance NNS 39142 2365 19 far far RB 39142 2365 20 outside outside RB 39142 2365 21 of of IN 39142 2365 22 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 2365 23 ; ; : 39142 2365 24 from from IN 39142 2365 25 which which WDT 39142 2365 26 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2365 27 drew draw VBD 39142 2365 28 the the DT 39142 2365 29 inference inference NN 39142 2365 30 that that IN 39142 2365 31 there there EX 39142 2365 32 are be VBP 39142 2365 33 two two CD 39142 2365 34 trans trans JJ 39142 2365 35 - - JJ 39142 2365 36 Neptunian neptunian JJ 39142 2365 37 planets planet NNS 39142 2365 38 . . . 39142 2366 1 The the DT 39142 2366 2 position position NN 39142 2366 3 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2366 4 assigned assign VBD 39142 2366 5 to to IN 39142 2366 6 the the DT 39142 2366 7 inner inner JJ 39142 2366 8 one one NN 39142 2366 9 agreed agree VBD 39142 2366 10 fairly fairly RB 39142 2366 11 well well RB 39142 2366 12 with with IN 39142 2366 13 the the DT 39142 2366 14 writer writer NN 39142 2366 15 's 's POS 39142 2366 16 planet planet NN 39142 2366 17 as as IN 39142 2366 18 indicated indicate VBN 39142 2366 19 by by IN 39142 2366 20 unexplained unexplained JJ 39142 2366 21 deviations deviation NNS 39142 2366 22 of of IN 39142 2366 23 Uranus uranus NN 39142 2366 24 . . . 39142 2367 1 The the DT 39142 2367 2 theoretical theoretical JJ 39142 2367 3 problem problem NN 39142 2367 4 of of IN 39142 2367 5 a a DT 39142 2367 6 trans trans JJ 39142 2367 7 - - JJ 39142 2367 8 Neptunian neptunian JJ 39142 2367 9 planet planet NN 39142 2367 10 has have VBZ 39142 2367 11 since since RB 39142 2367 12 been be VBN 39142 2367 13 taken take VBN 39142 2367 14 up up RP 39142 2367 15 by by IN 39142 2367 16 Gaillot Gaillot NNP 39142 2367 17 and and CC 39142 2367 18 Lau Lau NNP 39142 2367 19 of of IN 39142 2367 20 Paris Paris NNP 39142 2367 21 , , , 39142 2367 22 the the DT 39142 2367 23 late late JJ 39142 2367 24 Percival Percival NNP 39142 2367 25 Lowell Lowell NNP 39142 2367 26 , , , 39142 2367 27 and and CC 39142 2367 28 W. W. NNP 39142 2367 29 H. H. NNP 39142 2367 30 Pickering Pickering NNP 39142 2367 31 of of IN 39142 2367 32 Harvard Harvard NNP 39142 2367 33 . . . 39142 2368 1 The the DT 39142 2368 2 photographic photographic JJ 39142 2368 3 method method NN 39142 2368 4 of of IN 39142 2368 5 search search NN 39142 2368 6 will will MD 39142 2368 7 , , , 39142 2368 8 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2368 9 is be VBZ 39142 2368 10 expected expect VBN 39142 2368 11 , , , 39142 2368 12 ultimately ultimately RB 39142 2368 13 lead lead VB 39142 2368 14 to to IN 39142 2368 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2368 16 discovery discovery NN 39142 2368 17 . . . 39142 2369 1 On on IN 39142 2369 2 account account NN 39142 2369 3 of of IN 39142 2369 4 the the DT 39142 2369 5 probable probable JJ 39142 2369 6 faintness faintness NN 39142 2369 7 of of IN 39142 2369 8 the the DT 39142 2369 9 planet planet NN 39142 2369 10 , , , 39142 2369 11 at at IN 39142 2369 12 least least JJS 39142 2369 13 the the DT 39142 2369 14 twelfth twelfth JJ 39142 2369 15 or or CC 39142 2369 16 thirteenth thirteenth JJ 39142 2369 17 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2369 18 , , , 39142 2369 19 Metcalf Metcalf NNP 39142 2369 20 's 's POS 39142 2369 21 method method NN 39142 2369 22 of of IN 39142 2369 23 search search NN 39142 2369 24 is be VBZ 39142 2369 25 well well RB 39142 2369 26 adapted adapt VBN 39142 2369 27 to to IN 39142 2369 28 this this DT 39142 2369 29 practical practical JJ 39142 2369 30 problem problem NN 39142 2369 31 . . . 39142 2370 1 When when WRB 39142 2370 2 near near IN 39142 2370 3 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2370 4 opposition opposition NN 39142 2370 5 the the DT 39142 2370 6 motion motion NN 39142 2370 7 of of IN 39142 2370 8 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 2370 9 retrograding retrograde VBG 39142 2370 10 among among IN 39142 2370 11 the the DT 39142 2370 12 stars star NNS 39142 2370 13 amounts amount VBZ 39142 2370 14 to to IN 39142 2370 15 five five CD 39142 2370 16 seconds second NNS 39142 2370 17 of of IN 39142 2370 18 arc arc NN 39142 2370 19 in in IN 39142 2370 20 an an DT 39142 2370 21 hour hour NN 39142 2370 22 ; ; : 39142 2370 23 while while IN 39142 2370 24 the the DT 39142 2370 25 trans trans JJ 39142 2370 26 - - JJ 39142 2370 27 Neptunian neptunian JJ 39142 2370 28 planet planet NN 39142 2370 29 would would MD 39142 2370 30 move move VB 39142 2370 31 but but CC 39142 2370 32 three three CD 39142 2370 33 seconds second NNS 39142 2370 34 . . . 39142 2371 1 By by IN 39142 2371 2 shifting shift VBG 39142 2371 3 the the DT 39142 2371 4 plate plate NN 39142 2371 5 this this DT 39142 2371 6 amount amount NN 39142 2371 7 hourly hourly RB 39142 2371 8 during during IN 39142 2371 9 exposure exposure NN 39142 2371 10 , , , 39142 2371 11 the the DT 39142 2371 12 suspected suspect VBN 39142 2371 13 object object NN 39142 2371 14 would would MD 39142 2371 15 readily readily RB 39142 2371 16 be be VB 39142 2371 17 detected detect VBN 39142 2371 18 on on IN 39142 2371 19 the the DT 39142 2371 20 photographic photographic JJ 39142 2371 21 plate plate NN 39142 2371 22 as as IN 39142 2371 23 a a DT 39142 2371 24 minute minute NN 39142 2371 25 and and CC 39142 2371 26 nearly nearly RB 39142 2371 27 circular circular JJ 39142 2371 28 disk disk NN 39142 2371 29 , , , 39142 2371 30 all all PDT 39142 2371 31 the the DT 39142 2371 32 adjacent adjacent JJ 39142 2371 33 stars star NNS 39142 2371 34 being be VBG 39142 2371 35 represented represent VBN 39142 2371 36 by by IN 39142 2371 37 short short JJ 39142 2371 38 trails trail NNS 39142 2371 39 . . . 39142 2372 1 Interest interest NN 39142 2372 2 in in IN 39142 2372 3 a a DT 39142 2372 4 possible possible JJ 39142 2372 5 planet planet NN 39142 2372 6 or or CC 39142 2372 7 planets planet NNS 39142 2372 8 outside outside IN 39142 2372 9 the the DT 39142 2372 10 orbit orbit NN 39142 2372 11 of of IN 39142 2372 12 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 2372 13 is be VBZ 39142 2372 14 likely likely JJ 39142 2372 15 to to TO 39142 2372 16 increase increase VB 39142 2372 17 rather rather RB 39142 2372 18 than than IN 39142 2372 19 diminish diminish VB 39142 2372 20 . . . 39142 2373 1 To to IN 39142 2373 2 the the DT 39142 2373 3 ancients ancient NNS 39142 2373 4 seven seven CD 39142 2373 5 was be VBD 39142 2373 6 the the DT 39142 2373 7 perfect perfect JJ 39142 2373 8 number number NN 39142 2373 9 , , , 39142 2373 10 there there EX 39142 2373 11 were be VBD 39142 2373 12 seven seven CD 39142 2373 13 heavenly heavenly JJ 39142 2373 14 bodies body NNS 39142 2373 15 already already RB 39142 2373 16 known know VBN 39142 2373 17 , , , 39142 2373 18 so so CC 39142 2373 19 there there EX 39142 2373 20 could could MD 39142 2373 21 be be VB 39142 2373 22 no no DT 39142 2373 23 use use NN 39142 2373 24 whatever whatever WDT 39142 2373 25 in in IN 39142 2373 26 looking look VBG 39142 2373 27 for for IN 39142 2373 28 an an DT 39142 2373 29 eighth eighth NN 39142 2373 30 . . . 39142 2374 1 The the DT 39142 2374 2 discovery discovery NN 39142 2374 3 of of IN 39142 2374 4 Uranus uranus NN 39142 2374 5 in in IN 39142 2374 6 1781 1781 CD 39142 2374 7 proved prove VBD 39142 2374 8 the the DT 39142 2374 9 futility futility NN 39142 2374 10 of of IN 39142 2374 11 such such JJ 39142 2374 12 logic logic NN 39142 2374 13 , , , 39142 2374 14 and and CC 39142 2374 15 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 2374 16 followed follow VBD 39142 2374 17 in in IN 39142 2374 18 1846 1846 CD 39142 2374 19 with with IN 39142 2374 20 further further JJ 39142 2374 21 demonstration demonstration NN 39142 2374 22 , , , 39142 2374 23 if if IN 39142 2374 24 need need NN 39142 2374 25 be be VB 39142 2374 26 . . . 39142 2375 1 The the DT 39142 2375 2 cosmogony cosmogony NN 39142 2375 3 of of IN 39142 2375 4 the the DT 39142 2375 5 present present JJ 39142 2375 6 day day NN 39142 2375 7 sets set VBZ 39142 2375 8 no no DT 39142 2375 9 outer outer JJ 39142 2375 10 limit limit NN 39142 2375 11 to to IN 39142 2375 12 the the DT 39142 2375 13 solar solar JJ 39142 2375 14 system system NN 39142 2375 15 , , , 39142 2375 16 and and CC 39142 2375 17 some some DT 39142 2375 18 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2375 19 advocate advocate VBP 39142 2375 20 the the DT 39142 2375 21 existence existence NN 39142 2375 22 of of IN 39142 2375 23 many many JJ 39142 2375 24 trans trans JJ 39142 2375 25 - - JJ 39142 2375 26 Neptunian neptunian JJ 39142 2375 27 planets planet NNS 39142 2375 28 . . . 39142 2376 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39142 2376 2 XL XL NNP 39142 2376 3 COMETS COMETS NNP 39142 2376 4 -- -- : 39142 2376 5 THE the DT 39142 2376 6 HAIRY HAIRY NNP 39142 2376 7 STARS STARS NNP 39142 2376 8 Comets Comets NNPS 39142 2376 9 -- -- : 39142 2376 10 hairy hairy JJ 39142 2376 11 stars star NNS 39142 2376 12 , , , 39142 2376 13 as as IN 39142 2376 14 the the DT 39142 2376 15 origin origin NN 39142 2376 16 of of IN 39142 2376 17 the the DT 39142 2376 18 name name NN 39142 2376 19 would would MD 39142 2376 20 indicate indicate VB 39142 2376 21 -- -- : 39142 2376 22 are be VBP 39142 2376 23 the the DT 39142 2376 24 freaks freak NNS 39142 2376 25 of of IN 39142 2376 26 the the DT 39142 2376 27 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 2376 28 . . . 39142 2377 1 Of of IN 39142 2377 2 great great JJ 39142 2377 3 variety variety NN 39142 2377 4 in in IN 39142 2377 5 shape shape NN 39142 2377 6 , , , 39142 2377 7 some some DT 39142 2377 8 with with IN 39142 2377 9 heads head NNS 39142 2377 10 and and CC 39142 2377 11 some some DT 39142 2377 12 without without IN 39142 2377 13 , , , 39142 2377 14 some some DT 39142 2377 15 with with IN 39142 2377 16 tails tail NNS 39142 2377 17 and and CC 39142 2377 18 some some DT 39142 2377 19 without without IN 39142 2377 20 , , , 39142 2377 21 moving move VBG 39142 2377 22 very very RB 39142 2377 23 slowly slowly RB 39142 2377 24 at at IN 39142 2377 25 one one CD 39142 2377 26 time time NN 39142 2377 27 and and CC 39142 2377 28 with with IN 39142 2377 29 exceedingly exceedingly RB 39142 2377 30 high high JJ 39142 2377 31 velocity velocity NN 39142 2377 32 at at IN 39142 2377 33 another another DT 39142 2377 34 , , , 39142 2377 35 in in IN 39142 2377 36 orbits orbit NNS 39142 2377 37 at at RB 39142 2377 38 all all RB 39142 2377 39 possible possible JJ 39142 2377 40 angles angle NNS 39142 2377 41 of of IN 39142 2377 42 inclination inclination NN 39142 2377 43 to to IN 39142 2377 44 the the DT 39142 2377 45 general general JJ 39142 2377 46 plane plane NN 39142 2377 47 of of IN 39142 2377 48 the the DT 39142 2377 49 planetary planetary NN 39142 2377 50 paths path NNS 39142 2377 51 round round VBP 39142 2377 52 the the DT 39142 2377 53 sun sun NN 39142 2377 54 , , , 39142 2377 55 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2377 56 antics antic NNS 39142 2377 57 and and CC 39142 2377 58 irregularities irregularity NNS 39142 2377 59 were be VBD 39142 2377 60 the the DT 39142 2377 61 wonder wonder NN 39142 2377 62 and and CC 39142 2377 63 terror terror NN 39142 2377 64 of of IN 39142 2377 65 the the DT 39142 2377 66 ancient ancient JJ 39142 2377 67 world world NN 39142 2377 68 , , , 39142 2377 69 and and CC 39142 2377 70 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2377 71 are be VBP 39142 2377 72 keenly keenly RB 39142 2377 73 dreaded dread VBN 39142 2377 74 by by IN 39142 2377 75 superstitious superstitious JJ 39142 2377 76 people people NNS 39142 2377 77 even even RB 39142 2377 78 to to IN 39142 2377 79 the the DT 39142 2377 80 present present JJ 39142 2377 81 day day NN 39142 2377 82 . . . 39142 2378 1 Down down IN 39142 2378 2 through through IN 39142 2378 3 the the DT 39142 2378 4 Middle Middle NNP 39142 2378 5 Ages Ages NNP 39142 2378 6 the the DT 39142 2378 7 advent advent NN 39142 2378 8 of of IN 39142 2378 9 a a DT 39142 2378 10 comet comet NN 39142 2378 11 was be VBD 39142 2378 12 regarded regard VBN 39142 2378 13 as as IN 39142 2378 14 : : : 39142 2378 15 Threatening threaten VBG 39142 2378 16 the the DT 39142 2378 17 world world NN 39142 2378 18 with with IN 39142 2378 19 famine famine NN 39142 2378 20 , , , 39142 2378 21 plague plague NN 39142 2378 22 and and CC 39142 2378 23 war war NN 39142 2378 24 ; ; , 39142 2378 25 To to IN 39142 2378 26 princes prince NNS 39142 2378 27 , , , 39142 2378 28 death death NN 39142 2378 29 ; ; : 39142 2378 30 to to IN 39142 2378 31 kingdoms kingdom NNS 39142 2378 32 , , , 39142 2378 33 many many JJ 39142 2378 34 curses curse NNS 39142 2378 35 ; ; : 39142 2378 36 To to IN 39142 2378 37 all all DT 39142 2378 38 estates estate NNS 39142 2378 39 , , , 39142 2378 40 inevitable inevitable JJ 39142 2378 41 losses loss NNS 39142 2378 42 ; ; : 39142 2378 43 To to IN 39142 2378 44 herdsmen herdsman NNS 39142 2378 45 , , , 39142 2378 46 rot rot VB 39142 2378 47 ; ; : 39142 2378 48 to to IN 39142 2378 49 plowmen plowman NNS 39142 2378 50 , , , 39142 2378 51 hapless hapless JJ 39142 2378 52 seasons season NNS 39142 2378 53 ; ; , 39142 2378 54 To to IN 39142 2378 55 sailors sailor NNS 39142 2378 56 , , , 39142 2378 57 storms storm NNS 39142 2378 58 ; ; : 39142 2378 59 to to IN 39142 2378 60 cities city NNS 39142 2378 61 , , , 39142 2378 62 civil civil JJ 39142 2378 63 treasons treason NNS 39142 2378 64 . . . 39142 2379 1 Comets comet NNS 39142 2379 2 appeared appear VBD 39142 2379 3 to to TO 39142 2379 4 be be VB 39142 2379 5 marvelous marvelous JJ 39142 2379 6 objects object NNS 39142 2379 7 , , , 39142 2379 8 as as RB 39142 2379 9 well well RB 39142 2379 10 as as IN 39142 2379 11 sinister sinister NN 39142 2379 12 , , , 39142 2379 13 chiefly chiefly RB 39142 2379 14 because because IN 39142 2379 15 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2379 16 bid bid VBD 39142 2379 17 apparent apparent JJ 39142 2379 18 defiance defiance NN 39142 2379 19 to to IN 39142 2379 20 all all DT 39142 2379 21 law law NN 39142 2379 22 . . . 39142 2380 1 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 2380 2 had have VBD 39142 2380 3 shown show VBN 39142 2380 4 that that IN 39142 2380 5 the the DT 39142 2380 6 moon moon NN 39142 2380 7 and and CC 39142 2380 8 the the DT 39142 2380 9 planets planet NNS 39142 2380 10 travel travel VBP 39142 2380 11 in in IN 39142 2380 12 regular regular JJ 39142 2380 13 paths path NNS 39142 2380 14 -- -- : 39142 2380 15 slightly slightly RB 39142 2380 16 elliptical elliptical JJ 39142 2380 17 to to TO 39142 2380 18 be be VB 39142 2380 19 sure sure JJ 39142 2380 20 , , , 39142 2380 21 but but CC 39142 2380 22 nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 2380 23 unvarying unvarye VBG 39142 2380 24 . . . 39142 2381 1 None none NN 39142 2381 2 of of IN 39142 2381 3 the the DT 39142 2381 4 comets comet NNS 39142 2381 5 were be VBD 39142 2381 6 known know VBN 39142 2381 7 to to TO 39142 2381 8 follow follow VB 39142 2381 9 regular regular JJ 39142 2381 10 paths path NNS 39142 2381 11 till till IN 39142 2381 12 the the DT 39142 2381 13 time time NN 39142 2381 14 of of IN 39142 2381 15 Halley Halley NNP 39142 2381 16 late late RB 39142 2381 17 in in IN 39142 2381 18 the the DT 39142 2381 19 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 39142 2381 20 century century NN 39142 2381 21 , , , 39142 2381 22 when when WRB 39142 2381 23 , , , 39142 2381 24 as as IN 39142 2381 25 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2381 26 have have VBP 39142 2381 27 before before RB 39142 2381 28 told tell VBN 39142 2381 29 , , , 39142 2381 30 a a DT 39142 2381 31 fine fine JJ 39142 2381 32 comet comet NN 39142 2381 33 made make VBD 39142 2381 34 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2381 35 appearance appearance NN 39142 2381 36 , , , 39142 2381 37 and and CC 39142 2381 38 Halley Halley NNP 39142 2381 39 calculated calculate VBD 39142 2381 40 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2381 41 orbit orbit NN 39142 2381 42 with with IN 39142 2381 43 much much JJ 39142 2381 44 precision precision NN 39142 2381 45 . . . 39142 2382 1 Comparing compare VBG 39142 2382 2 this this DT 39142 2382 3 with with IN 39142 2382 4 the the DT 39142 2382 5 orbits orbit NNS 39142 2382 6 of of IN 39142 2382 7 comets comet NNS 39142 2382 8 that that WDT 39142 2382 9 had have VBD 39142 2382 10 previously previously RB 39142 2382 11 been be VBN 39142 2382 12 seen see VBN 39142 2382 13 , , , 39142 2382 14 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2382 15 found find VBD 39142 2382 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2382 17 path path NN 39142 2382 18 about about IN 39142 2382 19 the the DT 39142 2382 20 sun sun NN 39142 2382 21 practically practically RB 39142 2382 22 identical identical JJ 39142 2382 23 with with IN 39142 2382 24 that that DT 39142 2382 25 of of IN 39142 2382 26 at at RB 39142 2382 27 least least RBS 39142 2382 28 two two CD 39142 2382 29 comets comet NNS 39142 2382 30 previously previously RB 39142 2382 31 observed observe VBN 39142 2382 32 in in IN 39142 2382 33 1531 1531 CD 39142 2382 34 and and CC 39142 2382 35 1607 1607 CD 39142 2382 36 . . . 39142 2383 1 So so RB 39142 2383 2 Halley Halley NNP 39142 2383 3 ventured venture VBD 39142 2383 4 to to TO 39142 2383 5 think think VB 39142 2383 6 all all PDT 39142 2383 7 these these DT 39142 2383 8 comets comet NNS 39142 2383 9 were be VBD 39142 2383 10 one one CD 39142 2383 11 and and CC 39142 2383 12 the the DT 39142 2383 13 same same JJ 39142 2383 14 body body NN 39142 2383 15 , , , 39142 2383 16 and and CC 39142 2383 17 that that IN 39142 2383 18 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2383 19 traveled travel VBD 39142 2383 20 round round IN 39142 2383 21 the the DT 39142 2383 22 sun sun NN 39142 2383 23 in in IN 39142 2383 24 a a DT 39142 2383 25 long long JJ 39142 2383 26 ellipse ellipse NN 39142 2383 27 in in IN 39142 2383 28 a a DT 39142 2383 29 period period NN 39142 2383 30 of of IN 39142 2383 31 about about RB 39142 2383 32 seventy seventy CD 39142 2383 33 - - HYPH 39142 2383 34 five five CD 39142 2383 35 or or CC 39142 2383 36 seventy seventy CD 39142 2383 37 - - HYPH 39142 2383 38 six six CD 39142 2383 39 years year NNS 39142 2383 40 . . . 39142 2384 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 2384 2 have have VBP 39142 2384 3 seen see VBN 39142 2384 4 how how WRB 39142 2384 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2384 6 prediction prediction NN 39142 2384 7 of of IN 39142 2384 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2384 9 return return NN 39142 2384 10 in in IN 39142 2384 11 1758 1758 CD 39142 2384 12 was be VBD 39142 2384 13 verified verify VBN 39142 2384 14 in in IN 39142 2384 15 every every DT 39142 2384 16 particular particular NN 39142 2384 17 . . . 39142 2385 1 On on IN 39142 2385 2 the the DT 39142 2385 3 comet comet NN 39142 2385 4 's 's POS 39142 2385 5 return return NN 39142 2385 6 in in IN 39142 2385 7 1910 1910 CD 39142 2385 8 , , , 39142 2385 9 Crowell Crowell NNP 39142 2385 10 and and CC 39142 2385 11 Crommelin Crommelin NNP 39142 2385 12 of of IN 39142 2385 13 Greenwich Greenwich NNP 39142 2385 14 made make VBD 39142 2385 15 a a DT 39142 2385 16 thorough thorough JJ 39142 2385 17 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 2385 18 investigation investigation NN 39142 2385 19 of of IN 39142 2385 20 the the DT 39142 2385 21 orbit orbit NN 39142 2385 22 , , , 39142 2385 23 indicating indicate VBG 39142 2385 24 that that IN 39142 2385 25 the the DT 39142 2385 26 year year NN 39142 2385 27 1986 1986 CD 39142 2385 28 will will MD 39142 2385 29 witness witness VB 39142 2385 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2385 31 next next JJ 39142 2385 32 return return NN 39142 2385 33 to to IN 39142 2385 34 the the DT 39142 2385 35 sun sun NN 39142 2385 36 . . . 39142 2386 1 There there EX 39142 2386 2 is be VBZ 39142 2386 3 a a DT 39142 2386 4 class class NN 39142 2386 5 of of IN 39142 2386 6 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2386 7 known know VBN 39142 2386 8 as as IN 39142 2386 9 comet comet NN 39142 2386 10 - - HYPH 39142 2386 11 hunters hunter NNS 39142 2386 12 , , , 39142 2386 13 and and CC 39142 2386 14 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2386 15 pass pass VBP 39142 2386 16 hours hour NNS 39142 2386 17 upon upon IN 39142 2386 18 hours hour NNS 39142 2386 19 of of IN 39142 2386 20 clear clear JJ 39142 2386 21 , , , 39142 2386 22 sparkling sparkling JJ 39142 2386 23 , , , 39142 2386 24 moonless moonless JJ 39142 2386 25 nights night NNS 39142 2386 26 in in IN 39142 2386 27 search search NN 39142 2386 28 for for IN 39142 2386 29 comets comet NNS 39142 2386 30 . . . 39142 2387 1 They -PRON- PRP 39142 2387 2 are be VBP 39142 2387 3 equipped equip VBN 39142 2387 4 with with IN 39142 2387 5 a a DT 39142 2387 6 peculiar peculiar JJ 39142 2387 7 sort sort NN 39142 2387 8 of of IN 39142 2387 9 telescope telescope NN 39142 2387 10 called call VBD 39142 2387 11 a a DT 39142 2387 12 comet comet NN 39142 2387 13 - - HYPH 39142 2387 14 seeker seeker NN 39142 2387 15 , , , 39142 2387 16 which which WDT 39142 2387 17 has have VBZ 39142 2387 18 an an DT 39142 2387 19 object object NN 39142 2387 20 glass glass NN 39142 2387 21 usually usually RB 39142 2387 22 about about IN 39142 2387 23 four four CD 39142 2387 24 or or CC 39142 2387 25 five five CD 39142 2387 26 inches inch NNS 39142 2387 27 in in IN 39142 2387 28 diameter diameter NN 39142 2387 29 , , , 39142 2387 30 and and CC 39142 2387 31 a a DT 39142 2387 32 relatively relatively RB 39142 2387 33 short short JJ 39142 2387 34 length length NN 39142 2387 35 of of IN 39142 2387 36 focus focus NN 39142 2387 37 , , , 39142 2387 38 so so IN 39142 2387 39 that that IN 39142 2387 40 a a DT 39142 2387 41 larger large JJR 39142 2387 42 field field NN 39142 2387 43 of of IN 39142 2387 44 view view NN 39142 2387 45 may may MD 39142 2387 46 be be VB 39142 2387 47 included include VBN 39142 2387 48 . . . 39142 2388 1 Regions region NNS 39142 2388 2 near near IN 39142 2388 3 the the DT 39142 2388 4 poles pole NNS 39142 2388 5 of of IN 39142 2388 6 the the DT 39142 2388 7 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 2388 8 are be VBP 39142 2388 9 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2388 10 the the DT 39142 2388 11 most most RBS 39142 2388 12 fruitful fruitful JJ 39142 2388 13 fields field NNS 39142 2388 14 for for IN 39142 2388 15 search search NN 39142 2388 16 , , , 39142 2388 17 and and CC 39142 2388 18 thence thence NN 39142 2388 19 toward toward IN 39142 2388 20 the the DT 39142 2388 21 sun sun NN 39142 2388 22 till till IN 39142 2388 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2388 24 light light JJ 39142 2388 25 renders render VBZ 39142 2388 26 the the DT 39142 2388 27 sky sky NN 39142 2388 28 too too RB 39142 2388 29 bright bright JJ 39142 2388 30 for for IN 39142 2388 31 the the DT 39142 2388 32 finding finding NN 39142 2388 33 of of IN 39142 2388 34 such such PDT 39142 2388 35 a a DT 39142 2388 36 faint faint JJ 39142 2388 37 object object NN 39142 2388 38 as as IN 39142 2388 39 a a DT 39142 2388 40 new new JJ 39142 2388 41 comet comet NN 39142 2388 42 usually usually RB 39142 2388 43 is be VBZ 39142 2388 44 at at IN 39142 2388 45 the the DT 39142 2388 46 time time NN 39142 2388 47 of of IN 39142 2388 48 discovery discovery NN 39142 2388 49 . . . 39142 2389 1 Generally generally RB 39142 2389 2 when when WRB 39142 2389 3 first first RB 39142 2389 4 seen see VBD 39142 2389 5 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2389 6 resembles resemble VBZ 39142 2389 7 a a DT 39142 2389 8 small small JJ 39142 2389 9 circular circular JJ 39142 2389 10 patch patch NN 39142 2389 11 of of IN 39142 2389 12 faint faint JJ 39142 2389 13 luminous luminous JJ 39142 2389 14 cloud cloud NN 39142 2389 15 . . . 39142 2390 1 When when WRB 39142 2390 2 a a DT 39142 2390 3 suspect suspect NN 39142 2390 4 is be VBZ 39142 2390 5 found find VBN 39142 2390 6 , , , 39142 2390 7 the the DT 39142 2390 8 first first JJ 39142 2390 9 thing thing NN 39142 2390 10 to to TO 39142 2390 11 do do VB 39142 2390 12 is be VBZ 39142 2390 13 to to TO 39142 2390 14 observe observe VB 39142 2390 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2390 16 position position NN 39142 2390 17 accurately accurately RB 39142 2390 18 with with IN 39142 2390 19 relation relation NN 39142 2390 20 to to IN 39142 2390 21 the the DT 39142 2390 22 surrounding surround VBG 39142 2390 23 stars star NNS 39142 2390 24 . . . 39142 2391 1 Then then RB 39142 2391 2 , , , 39142 2391 3 if if IN 39142 2391 4 on on IN 39142 2391 5 the the DT 39142 2391 6 next next JJ 39142 2391 7 occasion occasion NN 39142 2391 8 when when WRB 39142 2391 9 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2391 10 is be VBZ 39142 2391 11 seen see VBN 39142 2391 12 the the DT 39142 2391 13 object object NN 39142 2391 14 has have VBZ 39142 2391 15 moved move VBN 39142 2391 16 , , , 39142 2391 17 the the DT 39142 2391 18 chances chance NNS 39142 2391 19 are be VBP 39142 2391 20 that that IN 39142 2391 21 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2391 22 is be VBZ 39142 2391 23 a a DT 39142 2391 24 comet comet NN 39142 2391 25 ; ; : 39142 2391 26 and and CC 39142 2391 27 a a DT 39142 2391 28 few few JJ 39142 2391 29 days day NNS 39142 2391 30 ' ' POS 39142 2391 31 observation observation NN 39142 2391 32 will will MD 39142 2391 33 provide provide VB 39142 2391 34 material material NN 39142 2391 35 from from IN 39142 2391 36 which which WDT 39142 2391 37 the the DT 39142 2391 38 path path NN 39142 2391 39 of of IN 39142 2391 40 the the DT 39142 2391 41 comet comet NN 39142 2391 42 in in IN 39142 2391 43 space space NN 39142 2391 44 can can MD 39142 2391 45 be be VB 39142 2391 46 calculated calculate VBN 39142 2391 47 . . . 39142 2392 1 By by IN 39142 2392 2 comparing compare VBG 39142 2392 3 this this DT 39142 2392 4 with with IN 39142 2392 5 the the DT 39142 2392 6 complete complete JJ 39142 2392 7 lists list NNS 39142 2392 8 of of IN 39142 2392 9 comets comet NNS 39142 2392 10 , , , 39142 2392 11 now now RB 39142 2392 12 about about RB 39142 2392 13 700 700 CD 39142 2392 14 in in IN 39142 2392 15 number number NN 39142 2392 16 , , , 39142 2392 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2392 18 is be VBZ 39142 2392 19 possible possible JJ 39142 2392 20 to to TO 39142 2392 21 tell tell VB 39142 2392 22 whether whether IN 39142 2392 23 the the DT 39142 2392 24 comet comet NN 39142 2392 25 is be VBZ 39142 2392 26 a a DT 39142 2392 27 new new JJ 39142 2392 28 one one CD 39142 2392 29 , , , 39142 2392 30 or or CC 39142 2392 31 an an DT 39142 2392 32 old old JJ 39142 2392 33 one one CD 39142 2392 34 returning return VBG 39142 2392 35 . . . 39142 2393 1 The the DT 39142 2393 2 total total JJ 39142 2393 3 number number NN 39142 2393 4 of of IN 39142 2393 5 comets comet NNS 39142 2393 6 in in IN 39142 2393 7 the the DT 39142 2393 8 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 2393 9 must must MD 39142 2393 10 be be VB 39142 2393 11 very very RB 39142 2393 12 great great JJ 39142 2393 13 , , , 39142 2393 14 and and CC 39142 2393 15 thousands thousand NNS 39142 2393 16 are be VBP 39142 2393 17 doubtless doubtless RB 39142 2393 18 passing pass VBG 39142 2393 19 continually continually RB 39142 2393 20 undetected undetecte VBN 39142 2393 21 , , , 39142 2393 22 because because IN 39142 2393 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2393 24 light light NN 39142 2393 25 is be VBZ 39142 2393 26 wholly wholly RB 39142 2393 27 overpowered overpower VBN 39142 2393 28 by by IN 39142 2393 29 that that DT 39142 2393 30 of of IN 39142 2393 31 the the DT 39142 2393 32 sun sun NN 39142 2393 33 . . . 39142 2394 1 Of of IN 39142 2394 2 those those DT 39142 2394 3 that that WDT 39142 2394 4 are be VBP 39142 2394 5 known know VBN 39142 2394 6 , , , 39142 2394 7 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2394 8 one one CD 39142 2394 9 in in IN 39142 2394 10 twelve twelve CD 39142 2394 11 develops develop NNS 39142 2394 12 into into IN 39142 2394 13 a a DT 39142 2394 14 naked naked JJ 39142 2394 15 - - HYPH 39142 2394 16 eye eye NN 39142 2394 17 comet comet NN 39142 2394 18 , , , 39142 2394 19 and and CC 39142 2394 20 in in IN 39142 2394 21 some some DT 39142 2394 22 years year NNS 39142 2394 23 six six CD 39142 2394 24 or or CC 39142 2394 25 seven seven CD 39142 2394 26 will will MD 39142 2394 27 be be VB 39142 2394 28 discovered discover VBN 39142 2394 29 . . . 39142 2395 1 With with IN 39142 2395 2 sufficiently sufficiently RB 39142 2395 3 powerful powerful JJ 39142 2395 4 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 2395 5 , , , 39142 2395 6 there there EX 39142 2395 7 are be VBP 39142 2395 8 as as IN 39142 2395 9 a a DT 39142 2395 10 rule rule NN 39142 2395 11 not not RB 39142 2395 12 many many JJ 39142 2395 13 weeks week NNS 39142 2395 14 in in IN 39142 2395 15 the the DT 39142 2395 16 year year NN 39142 2395 17 when when WRB 39142 2395 18 no no DT 39142 2395 19 comet comet NN 39142 2395 20 is be VBZ 39142 2395 21 visible visible JJ 39142 2395 22 . . . 39142 2396 1 Brilliant brilliant JJ 39142 2396 2 naked naked JJ 39142 2396 3 - - HYPH 39142 2396 4 eye eye NN 39142 2396 5 comets comet NNS 39142 2396 6 are be VBP 39142 2396 7 , , , 39142 2396 8 however however RB 39142 2396 9 , , , 39142 2396 10 infrequent infrequent NN 39142 2396 11 . . . 39142 2397 1 Comets comet NNS 39142 2397 2 , , , 39142 2397 3 except except IN 39142 2397 4 Halley Halley NNP 39142 2397 5 's 's POS 39142 2397 6 , , , 39142 2397 7 generally generally RB 39142 2397 8 bear bear VBP 39142 2397 9 the the DT 39142 2397 10 name name NN 39142 2397 11 of of IN 39142 2397 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2397 13 discoverer discoverer NN 39142 2397 14 , , , 39142 2397 15 as as IN 39142 2397 16 Donati Donati NNP 39142 2397 17 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2397 18 1858 1858 CD 39142 2397 19 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2397 20 , , , 39142 2397 21 and and CC 39142 2397 22 Pons Pons NNP 39142 2397 23 - - HYPH 39142 2397 24 Brooks Brooks NNP 39142 2397 25 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2397 26 1893 1893 CD 39142 2397 27 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2397 28 . . . 39142 2398 1 Pons Pons NNP 39142 2398 2 was be VBD 39142 2398 3 a a DT 39142 2398 4 very very RB 39142 2398 5 active active JJ 39142 2398 6 discoverer discoverer NN 39142 2398 7 of of IN 39142 2398 8 comets comet NNS 39142 2398 9 in in IN 39142 2398 10 France France NNP 39142 2398 11 early early RB 39142 2398 12 in in IN 39142 2398 13 the the DT 39142 2398 14 nineteenth nineteenth JJ 39142 2398 15 century century NN 39142 2398 16 : : : 39142 2398 17 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2398 18 was be VBD 39142 2398 19 a a DT 39142 2398 20 doorkeeper doorkeeper NN 39142 2398 21 at at IN 39142 2398 22 the the DT 39142 2398 23 observatory observatory NN 39142 2398 24 of of IN 39142 2398 25 Marseilles Marseilles NNPS 39142 2398 26 , , , 39142 2398 27 and and CC 39142 2398 28 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2398 29 name name NN 39142 2398 30 is be VBZ 39142 2398 31 now now RB 39142 2398 32 more more RBR 39142 2398 33 famous famous JJ 39142 2398 34 in in IN 39142 2398 35 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 2398 36 than than IN 39142 2398 37 that that DT 39142 2398 38 of of IN 39142 2398 39 Thulis Thulis NNP 39142 2398 40 , , , 39142 2398 41 then then RB 39142 2398 42 the the DT 39142 2398 43 director director NN 39142 2398 44 of of IN 39142 2398 45 the the DT 39142 2398 46 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 2398 47 , , , 39142 2398 48 who who WP 39142 2398 49 taught teach VBD 39142 2398 50 and and CC 39142 2398 51 encouraged encourage VBD 39142 2398 52 him -PRON- PRP 39142 2398 53 . . . 39142 2399 1 Messier Messier NNP 39142 2399 2 was be VBD 39142 2399 3 another another DT 39142 2399 4 very very RB 39142 2399 5 successful successful JJ 39142 2399 6 discoverer discoverer NN 39142 2399 7 of of IN 39142 2399 8 comets comet NNS 39142 2399 9 in in IN 39142 2399 10 France France NNP 39142 2399 11 , , , 39142 2399 12 and and CC 39142 2399 13 in in IN 39142 2399 14 America America NNP 39142 2399 15 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2399 16 have have VBP 39142 2399 17 had have VBN 39142 2399 18 many many JJ 39142 2399 19 : : : 39142 2399 20 Swift Swift NNP 39142 2399 21 , , , 39142 2399 22 Brooks Brooks NNP 39142 2399 23 , , , 39142 2399 24 and and CC 39142 2399 25 Barnard Barnard NNP 39142 2399 26 the the DT 39142 2399 27 most most RBS 39142 2399 28 successful successful JJ 39142 2399 29 . . . 39142 2400 1 How how WRB 39142 2400 2 bright bright JJ 39142 2400 3 a a DT 39142 2400 4 comet comet NN 39142 2400 5 will will MD 39142 2400 6 be be VB 39142 2400 7 and and CC 39142 2400 8 how how WRB 39142 2400 9 long long RB 39142 2400 10 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2400 11 will will MD 39142 2400 12 be be VB 39142 2400 13 visible visible JJ 39142 2400 14 depends depend VBZ 39142 2400 15 upon upon IN 39142 2400 16 many many JJ 39142 2400 17 conditions condition NNS 39142 2400 18 . . . 39142 2401 1 So so RB 39142 2401 2 the the DT 39142 2401 3 comets comet NNS 39142 2401 4 vary vary VBP 39142 2401 5 much much JJ 39142 2401 6 in in IN 39142 2401 7 these these DT 39142 2401 8 respects respect NNS 39142 2401 9 . . . 39142 2402 1 The the DT 39142 2402 2 first first JJ 39142 2402 3 comet comet NN 39142 2402 4 of of IN 39142 2402 5 1811 1811 CD 39142 2402 6 was be VBD 39142 2402 7 under under IN 39142 2402 8 observation observation NN 39142 2402 9 for for IN 39142 2402 10 nearly nearly RB 39142 2402 11 a a DT 39142 2402 12 year year NN 39142 2402 13 and and CC 39142 2402 14 a a DT 39142 2402 15 half half NN 39142 2402 16 , , , 39142 2402 17 the the DT 39142 2402 18 longest long JJS 39142 2402 19 on on IN 39142 2402 20 record record NN 39142 2402 21 till till IN 39142 2402 22 Halley Halley NNP 39142 2402 23 's 's POS 39142 2402 24 in in IN 39142 2402 25 1910 1910 CD 39142 2402 26 . . . 39142 2403 1 In in IN 39142 2403 2 case case NN 39142 2403 3 a a DT 39142 2403 4 comet comet NN 39142 2403 5 eludes elude NNS 39142 2403 6 discovery discovery NN 39142 2403 7 and and CC 39142 2403 8 observation observation NN 39142 2403 9 until until IN 39142 2403 10 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2403 11 has have VBZ 39142 2403 12 passed pass VBN 39142 2403 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2403 14 perihelion perihelion NN 39142 2403 15 , , , 39142 2403 16 or or CC 39142 2403 17 nearest near JJS 39142 2403 18 point point NN 39142 2403 19 to to IN 39142 2403 20 the the DT 39142 2403 21 sun sun NN 39142 2403 22 , , , 39142 2403 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2403 24 period period NN 39142 2403 25 of of IN 39142 2403 26 visibility visibility NN 39142 2403 27 may may MD 39142 2403 28 be be VB 39142 2403 29 reduced reduce VBN 39142 2403 30 to to IN 39142 2403 31 a a DT 39142 2403 32 few few JJ 39142 2403 33 weeks week NNS 39142 2403 34 only only RB 39142 2403 35 . . . 39142 2404 1 The the DT 39142 2404 2 brightest bright JJS 39142 2404 3 comets comet NNS 39142 2404 4 on on IN 39142 2404 5 record record NN 39142 2404 6 were be VBD 39142 2404 7 visible visible JJ 39142 2404 8 in in IN 39142 2404 9 1843 1843 CD 39142 2404 10 and and CC 39142 2404 11 1882 1882 CD 39142 2404 12 : : : 39142 2404 13 so so RB 39142 2404 14 brilliant brilliant JJ 39142 2404 15 were be VBD 39142 2404 16 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2404 17 that that IN 39142 2404 18 even even RB 39142 2404 19 the the DT 39142 2404 20 effulgence effulgence NN 39142 2404 21 of of IN 39142 2404 22 full full JJ 39142 2404 23 daylight daylight NN 39142 2404 24 did do VBD 39142 2404 25 not not RB 39142 2404 26 overpower overpower VB 39142 2404 27 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2404 28 . . . 39142 2405 1 In in IN 39142 2405 2 particular particular JJ 39142 2405 3 the the DT 39142 2405 4 comet comet NN 39142 2405 5 of of IN 39142 2405 6 1843 1843 CD 39142 2405 7 was be VBD 39142 2405 8 not not RB 39142 2405 9 only only RB 39142 2405 10 excessively excessively RB 39142 2405 11 bright bright JJ 39142 2405 12 , , , 39142 2405 13 but but CC 39142 2405 14 at at IN 39142 2405 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2405 16 nearest near JJS 39142 2405 17 approach approach NN 39142 2405 18 to to IN 39142 2405 19 the the DT 39142 2405 20 earth earth NN 39142 2405 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2405 22 tail tail NN 39142 2405 23 swept sweep VBD 39142 2405 24 all all PDT 39142 2405 25 the the DT 39142 2405 26 way way NN 39142 2405 27 across across IN 39142 2405 28 the the DT 39142 2405 29 sky sky NN 39142 2405 30 from from IN 39142 2405 31 one one CD 39142 2405 32 horizon horizon NN 39142 2405 33 to to IN 39142 2405 34 the the DT 39142 2405 35 other other JJ 39142 2405 36 . . . 39142 2406 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 2406 2 must must MD 39142 2406 3 have have VB 39142 2406 4 looked look VBN 39142 2406 5 very very RB 39142 2406 6 much much RB 39142 2406 7 like like IN 39142 2406 8 the the DT 39142 2406 9 straight straight JJ 39142 2406 10 beam beam NN 39142 2406 11 of of IN 39142 2406 12 an an DT 39142 2406 13 enormous enormous JJ 39142 2406 14 searchlight searchlight NN 39142 2406 15 , , , 39142 2406 16 though though IN 39142 2406 17 very very RB 39142 2406 18 much much RB 39142 2406 19 brighter bright JJR 39142 2406 20 . . . 39142 2407 1 The the DT 39142 2407 2 tails tail NNS 39142 2407 3 of of IN 39142 2407 4 comets comet NNS 39142 2407 5 are be VBP 39142 2407 6 to to IN 39142 2407 7 the the DT 39142 2407 8 naked naked JJ 39142 2407 9 eye eye NN 39142 2407 10 the the DT 39142 2407 11 most most RBS 39142 2407 12 compelling compelling JJ 39142 2407 13 thing thing NN 39142 2407 14 about about IN 39142 2407 15 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2407 16 , , , 39142 2407 17 and and CC 39142 2407 18 to to IN 39142 2407 19 the the DT 39142 2407 20 ancient ancient JJ 39142 2407 21 peoples people NNS 39142 2407 22 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2407 23 were be VBD 39142 2407 24 naturally naturally RB 39142 2407 25 most most RBS 39142 2407 26 terrifying terrifying JJ 39142 2407 27 . . . 39142 2408 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2408 2 tails tail NNS 39142 2408 3 are be VBP 39142 2408 4 not not RB 39142 2408 5 only only RB 39142 2408 6 curved curved JJ 39142 2408 7 , , , 39142 2408 8 but but CC 39142 2408 9 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 2408 10 curved curve VBN 39142 2408 11 with with IN 39142 2408 12 varying vary VBG 39142 2408 13 degrees degree NNS 39142 2408 14 of of IN 39142 2408 15 curvature curvature NN 39142 2408 16 , , , 39142 2408 17 and and CC 39142 2408 18 this this DT 39142 2408 19 circumstance circumstance NN 39142 2408 20 adds add VBZ 39142 2408 21 to to IN 39142 2408 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2408 23 weirdness weirdness NN 39142 2408 24 of of IN 39142 2408 25 appearance appearance NN 39142 2408 26 . . . 39142 2409 1 If if IN 39142 2409 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2409 3 examine examine VBP 39142 2409 4 the the DT 39142 2409 5 tail tail NN 39142 2409 6 of of IN 39142 2409 7 a a DT 39142 2409 8 comet comet NN 39142 2409 9 with with IN 39142 2409 10 a a DT 39142 2409 11 telescope telescope NN 39142 2409 12 , , , 39142 2409 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2409 14 vanishes vanish VBZ 39142 2409 15 as as IN 39142 2409 16 if if IN 39142 2409 17 there there EX 39142 2409 18 were be VBD 39142 2409 19 nothing nothing NN 39142 2409 20 to to IN 39142 2409 21 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2409 22 : : : 39142 2409 23 as as RB 39142 2409 24 indeed indeed RB 39142 2409 25 one one PRP 39142 2409 26 may may MD 39142 2409 27 almost almost RB 39142 2409 28 say say VB 39142 2409 29 there there EX 39142 2409 30 is be VBZ 39142 2409 31 not not RB 39142 2409 32 . . . 39142 2410 1 Ordinarily ordinarily RB 39142 2410 2 , , , 39142 2410 3 only only RB 39142 2410 4 the the DT 39142 2410 5 head head NN 39142 2410 6 of of IN 39142 2410 7 the the DT 39142 2410 8 comet comet NN 39142 2410 9 is be VBZ 39142 2410 10 of of IN 39142 2410 11 interest interest NN 39142 2410 12 in in IN 39142 2410 13 the the DT 39142 2410 14 telescope telescope NN 39142 2410 15 . . . 39142 2411 1 When when WRB 39142 2411 2 first first RB 39142 2411 3 seen see VBN 39142 2411 4 there there EX 39142 2411 5 is be VBZ 39142 2411 6 usually usually RB 39142 2411 7 nothing nothing NN 39142 2411 8 but but IN 39142 2411 9 the the DT 39142 2411 10 head head NN 39142 2411 11 visible visible JJ 39142 2411 12 , , , 39142 2411 13 and and CC 39142 2411 14 that that DT 39142 2411 15 is be VBZ 39142 2411 16 made make VBN 39142 2411 17 up up RP 39142 2411 18 of of IN 39142 2411 19 portions portion NNS 39142 2411 20 which which WDT 39142 2411 21 develop develop VBP 39142 2411 22 more more RBR 39142 2411 23 or or CC 39142 2411 24 less less RBR 39142 2411 25 rapidly rapidly RB 39142 2411 26 , , , 39142 2411 27 presenting present VBG 39142 2411 28 a a DT 39142 2411 29 succession succession NN 39142 2411 30 of of IN 39142 2411 31 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 2411 32 quite quite RB 39142 2411 33 different different JJ 39142 2411 34 in in IN 39142 2411 35 different different JJ 39142 2411 36 comets comet NNS 39142 2411 37 . . . 39142 2412 1 When when WRB 39142 2412 2 first first RB 39142 2412 3 discovered discover VBD 39142 2412 4 a a DT 39142 2412 5 comet comet NN 39142 2412 6 is be VBZ 39142 2412 7 usually usually RB 39142 2412 8 at at IN 39142 2412 9 a a DT 39142 2412 10 great great JJ 39142 2412 11 distance distance NN 39142 2412 12 from from IN 39142 2412 13 the the DT 39142 2412 14 sun sun NN 39142 2412 15 , , , 39142 2412 16 about about IN 39142 2412 17 the the DT 39142 2412 18 distance distance NN 39142 2412 19 of of IN 39142 2412 20 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2412 21 ; ; : 39142 2412 22 and and CC 39142 2412 23 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2412 24 see see VBP 39142 2412 25 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2412 26 , , , 39142 2412 27 not not RB 39142 2412 28 as as IN 39142 2412 29 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2412 30 do do VBP 39142 2412 31 the the DT 39142 2412 32 planets planet NNS 39142 2412 33 , , , 39142 2412 34 by by IN 39142 2412 35 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 2412 36 reflected reflect VBN 39142 2412 37 from from IN 39142 2412 38 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2412 39 , , , 39142 2412 40 but but CC 39142 2412 41 by by IN 39142 2412 42 the the DT 39142 2412 43 comet comet NN 39142 2412 44 's 's POS 39142 2412 45 own own JJ 39142 2412 46 light light NN 39142 2412 47 . . . 39142 2413 1 This this DT 39142 2413 2 is be VBZ 39142 2413 3 at at IN 39142 2413 4 that that DT 39142 2413 5 time time NN 39142 2413 6 very very RB 39142 2413 7 faint faint JJ 39142 2413 8 , , , 39142 2413 9 and and CC 39142 2413 10 nearly nearly RB 39142 2413 11 all all DT 39142 2413 12 comets comet NNS 39142 2413 13 at at IN 39142 2413 14 such such PDT 39142 2413 15 a a DT 39142 2413 16 distance distance NN 39142 2413 17 look look VB 39142 2413 18 alike alike RB 39142 2413 19 : : : 39142 2413 20 small small JJ 39142 2413 21 roundish roundish JJ 39142 2413 22 hazy hazy NN 39142 2413 23 patches patch NNS 39142 2413 24 of of IN 39142 2413 25 faint faint JJ 39142 2413 26 , , , 39142 2413 27 cloudlike cloudlike NN 39142 2413 28 light light NN 39142 2413 29 , , , 39142 2413 30 with with IN 39142 2413 31 very very RB 39142 2413 32 often often RB 39142 2413 33 a a DT 39142 2413 34 concentration concentration NN 39142 2413 35 toward toward IN 39142 2413 36 the the DT 39142 2413 37 center center NN 39142 2413 38 called call VBN 39142 2413 39 the the DT 39142 2413 40 nucleus nucleus NN 39142 2413 41 , , , 39142 2413 42 on on IN 39142 2413 43 the the DT 39142 2413 44 average average NN 39142 2413 45 about about RB 39142 2413 46 4,000 4,000 CD 39142 2413 47 miles mile NNS 39142 2413 48 in in IN 39142 2413 49 diameter diameter NN 39142 2413 50 . . . 39142 2414 1 Approach approach NN 39142 2414 2 toward toward IN 39142 2414 3 the the DT 39142 2414 4 sun sun NN 39142 2414 5 brightens brighten VBZ 39142 2414 6 up up RP 39142 2414 7 the the DT 39142 2414 8 comet comet NN 39142 2414 9 more more RBR 39142 2414 10 and and CC 39142 2414 11 more more RBR 39142 2414 12 , , , 39142 2414 13 and and CC 39142 2414 14 the the DT 39142 2414 15 nucleus nucleus NN 39142 2414 16 usually usually RB 39142 2414 17 becomes become VBZ 39142 2414 18 very very RB 39142 2414 19 much much RB 39142 2414 20 brighter bright JJR 39142 2414 21 and and CC 39142 2414 22 more more RBR 39142 2414 23 starlike starlike JJ 39142 2414 24 . . . 39142 2415 1 Then then RB 39142 2415 2 on on IN 39142 2415 3 the the DT 39142 2415 4 sunward sunward JJ 39142 2415 5 side side NN 39142 2415 6 of of IN 39142 2415 7 the the DT 39142 2415 8 nucleus nucleus NN 39142 2415 9 , , , 39142 2415 10 jetlike jetlike NNP 39142 2415 11 streamers streamer NNS 39142 2415 12 or or CC 39142 2415 13 envelopes envelope NNS 39142 2415 14 appear appear VBP 39142 2415 15 to to TO 39142 2415 16 be be VB 39142 2415 17 thrown throw VBN 39142 2415 18 off off RP 39142 2415 19 , , , 39142 2415 20 often often RB 39142 2415 21 as as IN 39142 2415 22 if if IN 39142 2415 23 in in IN 39142 2415 24 parallel parallel JJ 39142 2415 25 curved curved JJ 39142 2415 26 strata strata NN 39142 2415 27 , , , 39142 2415 28 or or CC 39142 2415 29 concentrically concentrically RB 39142 2415 30 . . . 39142 2416 1 As as IN 39142 2416 2 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2416 3 expand expand VBP 39142 2416 4 and and CC 39142 2416 5 move move VBP 39142 2416 6 outward outward RB 39142 2416 7 from from IN 39142 2416 8 the the DT 39142 2416 9 nucleus nucleus NN 39142 2416 10 , , , 39142 2416 11 these these DT 39142 2416 12 envelopes envelope NNS 39142 2416 13 grow grow VBP 39142 2416 14 fainter fainter NN 39142 2416 15 and and CC 39142 2416 16 are be VBP 39142 2416 17 finally finally RB 39142 2416 18 merged merge VBN 39142 2416 19 in in IN 39142 2416 20 the the DT 39142 2416 21 general general JJ 39142 2416 22 nebulosity nebulosity NN 39142 2416 23 known know VBN 39142 2416 24 as as IN 39142 2416 25 the the DT 39142 2416 26 comet comet NN 39142 2416 27 's 's POS 39142 2416 28 head head NN 39142 2416 29 , , , 39142 2416 30 which which WDT 39142 2416 31 is be VBZ 39142 2416 32 anywhere anywhere RB 39142 2416 33 from from IN 39142 2416 34 30,000 30,000 CD 39142 2416 35 to to TO 39142 2416 36 100,000 100,000 CD 39142 2416 37 miles mile NNS 39142 2416 38 in in IN 39142 2416 39 diameter diameter NN 39142 2416 40 . . . 39142 2417 1 As as IN 39142 2417 2 a a DT 39142 2417 3 rule rule NN 39142 2417 4 , , , 39142 2417 5 this this DT 39142 2417 6 is be VBZ 39142 2417 7 an an DT 39142 2417 8 orderly orderly JJ 39142 2417 9 development development NN 39142 2417 10 which which WDT 39142 2417 11 can can MD 39142 2417 12 be be VB 39142 2417 13 watched watch VBN 39142 2417 14 in in IN 39142 2417 15 the the DT 39142 2417 16 telescope telescope NN 39142 2417 17 from from IN 39142 2417 18 hour hour NN 39142 2417 19 to to IN 39142 2417 20 hour hour NN 39142 2417 21 and and CC 39142 2417 22 from from IN 39142 2417 23 night night NN 39142 2417 24 to to IN 39142 2417 25 night night NN 39142 2417 26 ; ; : 39142 2417 27 but but CC 39142 2417 28 occasionally occasionally RB 39142 2417 29 a a DT 39142 2417 30 cometary cometary JJ 39142 2417 31 visitor visitor NN 39142 2417 32 is be VBZ 39142 2417 33 quite quite PDT 39142 2417 34 a a DT 39142 2417 35 law law NN 39142 2417 36 to to IN 39142 2417 37 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 2417 38 in in IN 39142 2417 39 development development NN 39142 2417 40 , , , 39142 2417 41 presenting present VBG 39142 2417 42 a a DT 39142 2417 43 fascinating fascinating JJ 39142 2417 44 succession succession NN 39142 2417 45 of of IN 39142 2417 46 unpredictable unpredictable JJ 39142 2417 47 surprises surprise NNS 39142 2417 48 . . . 39142 2418 1 Then then RB 39142 2418 2 follows follow VBZ 39142 2418 3 the the DT 39142 2418 4 development development NN 39142 2418 5 of of IN 39142 2418 6 the the DT 39142 2418 7 comet comet NN 39142 2418 8 's 's POS 39142 2418 9 tail tail NN 39142 2418 10 , , , 39142 2418 11 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2418 12 more more RBR 39142 2418 13 striking striking JJ 39142 2418 14 than than IN 39142 2418 15 anything anything NN 39142 2418 16 that that WDT 39142 2418 17 has have VBZ 39142 2418 18 preceded precede VBN 39142 2418 19 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2418 20 . . . 39142 2419 1 Here here RB 39142 2419 2 a a DT 39142 2419 3 genuine genuine JJ 39142 2419 4 repulsion repulsion NN 39142 2419 5 from from IN 39142 2419 6 the the DT 39142 2419 7 sun sun NN 39142 2419 8 appears appear VBZ 39142 2419 9 to to TO 39142 2419 10 come come VB 39142 2419 11 into into IN 39142 2419 12 play play NN 39142 2419 13 . . . 39142 2420 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 2420 2 may may MD 39142 2420 3 be be VB 39142 2420 4 an an DT 39142 2420 5 electrical electrical JJ 39142 2420 6 repulsion repulsion NN 39142 2420 7 . . . 39142 2421 1 Much much JJ 39142 2421 2 of of IN 39142 2421 3 the the DT 39142 2421 4 material material NN 39142 2421 5 projected project VBN 39142 2421 6 from from IN 39142 2421 7 the the DT 39142 2421 8 comet comet NN 39142 2421 9 's 's POS 39142 2421 10 nucleus nucleus NN 39142 2421 11 , , , 39142 2421 12 seems seem VBZ 39142 2421 13 to to TO 39142 2421 14 be be VB 39142 2421 15 driven drive VBN 39142 2421 16 backward backward JJ 39142 2421 17 or or CC 39142 2421 18 repelled repel VBN 39142 2421 19 by by IN 39142 2421 20 the the DT 39142 2421 21 sun sun NN 39142 2421 22 , , , 39142 2421 23 and and CC 39142 2421 24 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2421 25 is be VBZ 39142 2421 26 this this DT 39142 2421 27 that that WDT 39142 2421 28 goes go VBZ 39142 2421 29 to to TO 39142 2421 30 form form VB 39142 2421 31 the the DT 39142 2421 32 tail tail NN 39142 2421 33 . . . 39142 2422 1 The the DT 39142 2422 2 particles particle NNS 39142 2422 3 which which WDT 39142 2422 4 form form VBP 39142 2422 5 the the DT 39142 2422 6 tail tail NN 39142 2422 7 then then RB 39142 2422 8 travel travel VBP 39142 2422 9 in in IN 39142 2422 10 modified modify VBN 39142 2422 11 paths path NNS 39142 2422 12 which which WDT 39142 2422 13 nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 2422 14 can can MD 39142 2422 15 be be VB 39142 2422 16 calculated calculate VBN 39142 2422 17 . . . 39142 2423 1 The the DT 39142 2423 2 tail tail NN 39142 2423 3 is be VBZ 39142 2423 4 made make VBN 39142 2423 5 up up RP 39142 2423 6 of of IN 39142 2423 7 these these DT 39142 2423 8 luminous luminous JJ 39142 2423 9 particles particle NNS 39142 2423 10 and and CC 39142 2423 11 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2423 12 expands expand VBZ 39142 2423 13 in in IN 39142 2423 14 space space NN 39142 2423 15 much much RB 39142 2423 16 in in IN 39142 2423 17 the the DT 39142 2423 18 form form NN 39142 2423 19 of of IN 39142 2423 20 a a DT 39142 2423 21 hollow hollow JJ 39142 2423 22 , , , 39142 2423 23 horn horn NN 39142 2423 24 - - HYPH 39142 2423 25 shaped shape VBN 39142 2423 26 cone cone NN 39142 2423 27 , , , 39142 2423 28 the the DT 39142 2423 29 nucleus nucleus NN 39142 2423 30 being be VBG 39142 2423 31 near near IN 39142 2423 32 the the DT 39142 2423 33 tip tip NN 39142 2423 34 of of IN 39142 2423 35 the the DT 39142 2423 36 horn horn NN 39142 2423 37 . . . 39142 2424 1 Some some DT 39142 2424 2 comets comet NNS 39142 2424 3 possess possess VBP 39142 2424 4 multiple multiple JJ 39142 2424 5 tails tail NNS 39142 2424 6 with with IN 39142 2424 7 different different JJ 39142 2424 8 degrees degree NNS 39142 2424 9 of of IN 39142 2424 10 curvature curvature NN 39142 2424 11 , , , 39142 2424 12 Donati Donati NNP 39142 2424 13 's 's POS 39142 2424 14 for for IN 39142 2424 15 example example NN 39142 2424 16 . . . 39142 2425 1 Usually usually RB 39142 2425 2 there there EX 39142 2425 3 is be VBZ 39142 2425 4 a a DT 39142 2425 5 nearly nearly RB 39142 2425 6 straight straight JJ 39142 2425 7 central central JJ 39142 2425 8 dark dark JJ 39142 2425 9 space space NN 39142 2425 10 , , , 39142 2425 11 marking mark VBG 39142 2425 12 the the DT 39142 2425 13 axis axi NNS 39142 2425 14 of of IN 39142 2425 15 the the DT 39142 2425 16 comet comet NN 39142 2425 17 , , , 39142 2425 18 and and CC 39142 2425 19 following follow VBG 39142 2425 20 the the DT 39142 2425 21 nucleus nucleus NN 39142 2425 22 . . . 39142 2426 1 But but CC 39142 2426 2 occasionally occasionally RB 39142 2426 3 this this DT 39142 2426 4 is be VBZ 39142 2426 5 replaced replace VBN 39142 2426 6 by by IN 39142 2426 7 a a DT 39142 2426 8 thin thin JJ 39142 2426 9 light light NN 39142 2426 10 streak streak VBP 39142 2426 11 very very RB 39142 2426 12 much much RB 39142 2426 13 less less JJR 39142 2426 14 in in IN 39142 2426 15 breadth breadth NN 39142 2426 16 than than IN 39142 2426 17 the the DT 39142 2426 18 diameter diameter NN 39142 2426 19 of of IN 39142 2426 20 the the DT 39142 2426 21 head head NN 39142 2426 22 . . . 39142 2427 1 Cometary cometary NN 39142 2427 2 tails tail NNS 39142 2427 3 are be VBP 39142 2427 4 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 2427 5 100 100 CD 39142 2427 6 million million CD 39142 2427 7 miles mile NNS 39142 2427 8 in in IN 39142 2427 9 length length NN 39142 2427 10 . . . 39142 2428 1 Three three CD 39142 2428 2 different different JJ 39142 2428 3 types type NNS 39142 2428 4 of of IN 39142 2428 5 cometary cometary NN 39142 2428 6 tails tail NNS 39142 2428 7 are be VBP 39142 2428 8 recognized recognize VBN 39142 2428 9 . . . 39142 2429 1 First first RB 39142 2429 2 , , , 39142 2429 3 the the DT 39142 2429 4 long long JJ 39142 2429 5 straight straight JJ 39142 2429 6 ones one NNS 39142 2429 7 , , , 39142 2429 8 apparently apparently RB 39142 2429 9 made make VBN 39142 2429 10 up up RP 39142 2429 11 of of IN 39142 2429 12 matter matter NN 39142 2429 13 repelled repel VBN 39142 2429 14 by by IN 39142 2429 15 the the DT 39142 2429 16 sun sun NN 39142 2429 17 twelve twelve CD 39142 2429 18 to to IN 39142 2429 19 fifteen fifteen CD 39142 2429 20 times time NNS 39142 2429 21 more more RBR 39142 2429 22 powerfully powerfully RB 39142 2429 23 than than IN 39142 2429 24 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 2429 25 attracts attract VBZ 39142 2429 26 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2429 27 . . . 39142 2430 1 Such such JJ 39142 2430 2 particles particle NNS 39142 2430 3 must must MD 39142 2430 4 be be VB 39142 2430 5 brushed brush VBN 39142 2430 6 away away RB 39142 2430 7 from from IN 39142 2430 8 the the DT 39142 2430 9 comet comet NN 39142 2430 10 's 's POS 39142 2430 11 head head NN 39142 2430 12 with with IN 39142 2430 13 a a DT 39142 2430 14 velocity velocity NN 39142 2430 15 of of IN 39142 2430 16 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2430 17 five five CD 39142 2430 18 miles mile NNS 39142 2430 19 a a DT 39142 2430 20 second second NN 39142 2430 21 , , , 39142 2430 22 and and CC 39142 2430 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2430 24 speed speed NN 39142 2430 25 is be VBZ 39142 2430 26 continually continually RB 39142 2430 27 increasing increase VBG 39142 2430 28 . . . 39142 2431 1 Probably probably RB 39142 2431 2 these these DT 39142 2431 3 straight straight JJ 39142 2431 4 tails tail NNS 39142 2431 5 are be VBP 39142 2431 6 due due JJ 39142 2431 7 to to IN 39142 2431 8 hydrogen hydrogen NN 39142 2431 9 . . . 39142 2432 1 The the DT 39142 2432 2 second second JJ 39142 2432 3 type type NN 39142 2432 4 tails tail NNS 39142 2432 5 are be VBP 39142 2432 6 somewhat somewhat RB 39142 2432 7 curved curved JJ 39142 2432 8 , , , 39142 2432 9 or or CC 39142 2432 10 plume plume NN 39142 2432 11 - - HYPH 39142 2432 12 like like JJ 39142 2432 13 , , , 39142 2432 14 and and CC 39142 2432 15 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2432 16 form form VBP 39142 2432 17 the the DT 39142 2432 18 most most RBS 39142 2432 19 common common JJ 39142 2432 20 type type NN 39142 2432 21 of of IN 39142 2432 22 cometary cometary NN 39142 2432 23 tail tail NN 39142 2432 24 . . . 39142 2433 1 In in IN 39142 2433 2 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2433 3 the the DT 39142 2433 4 sun sun NN 39142 2433 5 's 's POS 39142 2433 6 repulsion repulsion NN 39142 2433 7 is be VBZ 39142 2433 8 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2433 9 twice twice PDT 39142 2433 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2433 11 gravitational gravitational JJ 39142 2433 12 attraction attraction NN 39142 2433 13 , , , 39142 2433 14 and and CC 39142 2433 15 hydrocarbons hydrocarbon NNS 39142 2433 16 in in IN 39142 2433 17 some some DT 39142 2433 18 form form NN 39142 2433 19 appear appear VBP 39142 2433 20 to to TO 39142 2433 21 be be VB 39142 2433 22 responsible responsible JJ 39142 2433 23 for for IN 39142 2433 24 tails tail NNS 39142 2433 25 of of IN 39142 2433 26 this this DT 39142 2433 27 character character NN 39142 2433 28 . . . 39142 2434 1 Then then RB 39142 2434 2 there there EX 39142 2434 3 is be VBZ 39142 2434 4 a a DT 39142 2434 5 third third JJ 39142 2434 6 type type NN 39142 2434 7 , , , 39142 2434 8 much much RB 39142 2434 9 less less RBR 39142 2434 10 often often RB 39142 2434 11 seen see VBN 39142 2434 12 , , , 39142 2434 13 short short JJ 39142 2434 14 and and CC 39142 2434 15 quickly quickly RB 39142 2434 16 curving curve VBG 39142 2434 17 , , , 39142 2434 18 probably probably RB 39142 2434 19 due due IN 39142 2434 20 to to IN 39142 2434 21 heavier heavy JJR 39142 2434 22 vapors vapor NNS 39142 2434 23 , , , 39142 2434 24 as as IN 39142 2434 25 of of IN 39142 2434 26 chlorine chlorine NN 39142 2434 27 , , , 39142 2434 28 or or CC 39142 2434 29 iron iron NN 39142 2434 30 , , , 39142 2434 31 or or CC 39142 2434 32 sodium sodium NN 39142 2434 33 , , , 39142 2434 34 in in IN 39142 2434 35 which which WDT 39142 2434 36 the the DT 39142 2434 37 repulsive repulsive JJ 39142 2434 38 force force NN 39142 2434 39 is be VBZ 39142 2434 40 only only RB 39142 2434 41 a a DT 39142 2434 42 small small JJ 39142 2434 43 fraction fraction NN 39142 2434 44 of of IN 39142 2434 45 that that DT 39142 2434 46 of of IN 39142 2434 47 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 2434 48 . . . 39142 2435 1 Many many JJ 39142 2435 2 features feature NNS 39142 2435 3 of of IN 39142 2435 4 this this DT 39142 2435 5 theory theory NN 39142 2435 6 of of IN 39142 2435 7 cometary cometary JJ 39142 2435 8 tails tail NNS 39142 2435 9 are be VBP 39142 2435 10 borne bear VBN 39142 2435 11 out out RP 39142 2435 12 by by IN 39142 2435 13 examination examination NN 39142 2435 14 of of IN 39142 2435 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2435 16 light light NN 39142 2435 17 with with IN 39142 2435 18 the the DT 39142 2435 19 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 2435 20 , , , 39142 2435 21 although although IN 39142 2435 22 the the DT 39142 2435 23 investigation investigation NN 39142 2435 24 is be VBZ 39142 2435 25 as as RB 39142 2435 26 yet yet RB 39142 2435 27 fragmentary fragmentary JJ 39142 2435 28 . . . 39142 2436 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 2436 2 is be VBZ 39142 2436 3 evident evident JJ 39142 2436 4 that that IN 39142 2436 5 the the DT 39142 2436 6 tail tail NN 39142 2436 7 of of IN 39142 2436 8 a a DT 39142 2436 9 comet comet NN 39142 2436 10 is be VBZ 39142 2436 11 formed form VBN 39142 2436 12 at at IN 39142 2436 13 the the DT 39142 2436 14 expense expense NN 39142 2436 15 of of IN 39142 2436 16 the the DT 39142 2436 17 substance substance NN 39142 2436 18 of of IN 39142 2436 19 the the DT 39142 2436 20 nucleus nucleus NN 39142 2436 21 and and CC 39142 2436 22 head head NN 39142 2436 23 ; ; : 39142 2436 24 so so IN 39142 2436 25 that that IN 39142 2436 26 the the DT 39142 2436 27 matter matter NN 39142 2436 28 repelled repel VBN 39142 2436 29 is be VBZ 39142 2436 30 forever forever RB 39142 2436 31 dissipated dissipate VBN 39142 2436 32 through through IN 39142 2436 33 the the DT 39142 2436 34 regions region NNS 39142 2436 35 of of IN 39142 2436 36 space space NN 39142 2436 37 which which WDT 39142 2436 38 the the DT 39142 2436 39 comet comet NN 39142 2436 40 has have VBZ 39142 2436 41 traveled travel VBN 39142 2436 42 . . . 39142 2437 1 Comets comet NNS 39142 2437 2 must must MD 39142 2437 3 lose lose VB 39142 2437 4 much much JJ 39142 2437 5 of of IN 39142 2437 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2437 7 original original JJ 39142 2437 8 substance substance NN 39142 2437 9 every every DT 39142 2437 10 time time NN 39142 2437 11 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2437 12 return return VBP 39142 2437 13 to to IN 39142 2437 14 perihelion perihelion NN 39142 2437 15 . . . 39142 2438 1 Comets comet NNS 39142 2438 2 actually actually RB 39142 2438 3 age age VBP 39142 2438 4 , , , 39142 2438 5 therefore therefore RB 39142 2438 6 , , , 39142 2438 7 and and CC 39142 2438 8 grow grow VBP 39142 2438 9 less less RBR 39142 2438 10 and and CC 39142 2438 11 less less RBR 39142 2438 12 in in IN 39142 2438 13 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2438 14 of of IN 39142 2438 15 material material NN 39142 2438 16 as as RB 39142 2438 17 well well RB 39142 2438 18 as as IN 39142 2438 19 brightness brightness NN 39142 2438 20 , , , 39142 2438 21 until until IN 39142 2438 22 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2438 23 are be VBP 39142 2438 24 at at IN 39142 2438 25 last last JJ 39142 2438 26 opaque opaque NN 39142 2438 27 , , , 39142 2438 28 nonluminous nonluminous JJ 39142 2438 29 bodies body NNS 39142 2438 30 which which WDT 39142 2438 31 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2438 32 becomes become VBZ 39142 2438 33 impossible impossible JJ 39142 2438 34 to to TO 39142 2438 35 follow follow VB 39142 2438 36 with with IN 39142 2438 37 the the DT 39142 2438 38 telescope telescope NN 39142 2438 39 . . . 39142 2439 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 2439 2 XLI XLI NNP 39142 2439 3 WHERE where WRB 39142 2439 4 DO do VBP 39142 2439 5 COMETS comet NNS 39142 2439 6 COME come VB 39142 2439 7 FROM from IN 39142 2439 8 ? ? . 39142 2440 1 Where where WRB 39142 2440 2 do do VBP 39142 2440 3 comets comet NNS 39142 2440 4 come come VB 39142 2440 5 from from IN 39142 2440 6 ? ? . 39142 2441 1 The the DT 39142 2441 2 answer answer NN 39142 2441 3 to to IN 39142 2441 4 this this DT 39142 2441 5 question question NN 39142 2441 6 is be VBZ 39142 2441 7 not not RB 39142 2441 8 yet yet RB 39142 2441 9 fully fully RB 39142 2441 10 made make VBN 39142 2441 11 out out RP 39142 2441 12 . . . 39142 2442 1 Most most RBS 39142 2442 2 likely likely RB 39142 2442 3 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2442 4 have have VBP 39142 2442 5 not not RB 39142 2442 6 all all RB 39142 2442 7 had have VBN 39142 2442 8 a a DT 39142 2442 9 similar similar JJ 39142 2442 10 origin origin NN 39142 2442 11 , , , 39142 2442 12 and and CC 39142 2442 13 theories theory NNS 39142 2442 14 are be VBP 39142 2442 15 abundant abundant JJ 39142 2442 16 . . . 39142 2443 1 Apparently apparently RB 39142 2443 2 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2443 3 come come VBP 39142 2443 4 into into IN 39142 2443 5 the the DT 39142 2443 6 solar solar JJ 39142 2443 7 system system NN 39142 2443 8 from from IN 39142 2443 9 outer outer JJ 39142 2443 10 space space NN 39142 2443 11 , , , 39142 2443 12 from from IN 39142 2443 13 any any DT 39142 2443 14 direction direction NN 39142 2443 15 whatsoever whatsoever RB 39142 2443 16 . . . 39142 2444 1 The the DT 39142 2444 2 depths depth NNS 39142 2444 3 of of IN 39142 2444 4 interstellar interstellar JJ 39142 2444 5 space space NN 39142 2444 6 seem seem VBP 39142 2444 7 to to TO 39142 2444 8 be be VB 39142 2444 9 responsible responsible JJ 39142 2444 10 for for IN 39142 2444 11 most most JJS 39142 2444 12 , , , 39142 2444 13 if if IN 39142 2444 14 not not RB 39142 2444 15 all all DT 39142 2444 16 , , , 39142 2444 17 of of IN 39142 2444 18 the the DT 39142 2444 19 new new JJ 39142 2444 20 ones one NNS 39142 2444 21 . . . 39142 2445 1 Whether whether IN 39142 2445 2 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2445 3 have have VBP 39142 2445 4 come come VBN 39142 2445 5 from from IN 39142 2445 6 other other JJ 39142 2445 7 stars star NNS 39142 2445 8 or or CC 39142 2445 9 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2445 10 systems system NNS 39142 2445 11 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2445 12 can can MD 39142 2445 13 not not RB 39142 2445 14 say say VB 39142 2445 15 . . . 39142 2446 1 While while IN 39142 2446 2 comets comet NNS 39142 2446 3 are be VBP 39142 2446 4 tremendous tremendous JJ 39142 2446 5 in in IN 39142 2446 6 size size NN 39142 2446 7 or or CC 39142 2446 8 volume volume NN 39142 2446 9 , , , 39142 2446 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2446 11 mass mass NN 39142 2446 12 or or CC 39142 2446 13 the the DT 39142 2446 14 amount amount NN 39142 2446 15 of of IN 39142 2446 16 real real JJ 39142 2446 17 substance substance NN 39142 2446 18 in in IN 39142 2446 19 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2446 20 is be VBZ 39142 2446 21 relatively relatively RB 39142 2446 22 very very RB 39142 2446 23 slight slight JJ 39142 2446 24 . . . 39142 2447 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 2447 2 know know VBP 39142 2447 3 this this DT 39142 2447 4 by by IN 39142 2447 5 the the DT 39142 2447 6 effect effect NN 39142 2447 7 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2447 8 produce produce VBP 39142 2447 9 on on IN 39142 2447 10 planets planet NNS 39142 2447 11 that that WDT 39142 2447 12 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2447 13 pass pass VBP 39142 2447 14 near near RB 39142 2447 15 , , , 39142 2447 16 or or CC 39142 2447 17 rather rather RB 39142 2447 18 by by IN 39142 2447 19 the the DT 39142 2447 20 effect effect NN 39142 2447 21 that that WDT 39142 2447 22 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2447 23 fail fail VBP 39142 2447 24 to to TO 39142 2447 25 produce produce VB 39142 2447 26 . . . 39142 2448 1 The the DT 39142 2448 2 earth earth NN 39142 2448 3 's 's POS 39142 2448 4 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2448 5 weighs weigh VBZ 39142 2448 6 about about RB 39142 2448 7 one one CD 39142 2448 8 two two CD 39142 2448 9 hundred hundred CD 39142 2448 10 and and CC 39142 2448 11 fifty fifty CD 39142 2448 12 thousandth thousandth NN 39142 2448 13 as as RB 39142 2448 14 much much RB 39142 2448 15 as as IN 39142 2448 16 the the DT 39142 2448 17 earth earth NN 39142 2448 18 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 2448 19 , , , 39142 2448 20 but but CC 39142 2448 21 a a DT 39142 2448 22 comet comet NN 39142 2448 23 's 's POS 39142 2448 24 entire entire JJ 39142 2448 25 mass mass NN 39142 2448 26 must must MD 39142 2448 27 be be VB 39142 2448 28 vastly vastly RB 39142 2448 29 less less JJR 39142 2448 30 than than IN 39142 2448 31 this this DT 39142 2448 32 . . . 39142 2449 1 Even even RB 39142 2449 2 if if IN 39142 2449 3 a a DT 39142 2449 4 comet comet NN 39142 2449 5 were be VBD 39142 2449 6 to to TO 39142 2449 7 collide collide VB 39142 2449 8 with with IN 39142 2449 9 the the DT 39142 2449 10 earth earth NN 39142 2449 11 head head NN 39142 2449 12 on on RP 39142 2449 13 , , , 39142 2449 14 there there EX 39142 2449 15 is be VBZ 39142 2449 16 little little JJ 39142 2449 17 reason reason NN 39142 2449 18 to to TO 39142 2449 19 believe believe VB 39142 2449 20 that that IN 39142 2449 21 dire dire JJ 39142 2449 22 catastrophe catastrophe NN 39142 2449 23 would would MD 39142 2449 24 ensue ensue VB 39142 2449 25 . . . 39142 2450 1 At at RB 39142 2450 2 least least JJS 39142 2450 3 twice twice RB 39142 2450 4 the the DT 39142 2450 5 earth earth NN 39142 2450 6 is be VBZ 39142 2450 7 known know VBN 39142 2450 8 to to TO 39142 2450 9 have have VB 39142 2450 10 passed pass VBN 39142 2450 11 through through IN 39142 2450 12 the the DT 39142 2450 13 tail tail NN 39142 2450 14 of of IN 39142 2450 15 a a DT 39142 2450 16 comet comet NN 39142 2450 17 , , , 39142 2450 18 and and CC 39142 2450 19 the the DT 39142 2450 20 only only JJ 39142 2450 21 effect effect NN 39142 2450 22 noticed notice VBN 39142 2450 23 was be VBD 39142 2450 24 upon upon IN 39142 2450 25 the the DT 39142 2450 26 comet comet NN 39142 2450 27 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 2450 28 ; ; : 39142 2450 29 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2450 30 orbit orbit NN 39142 2450 31 had have VBD 39142 2450 32 been be VBN 39142 2450 33 modified modify VBN 39142 2450 34 somewhat somewhat RB 39142 2450 35 by by IN 39142 2450 36 the the DT 39142 2450 37 attraction attraction NN 39142 2450 38 of of IN 39142 2450 39 the the DT 39142 2450 40 earth earth NN 39142 2450 41 . . . 39142 2451 1 If if IN 39142 2451 2 the the DT 39142 2451 3 comet comet NN 39142 2451 4 were be VBD 39142 2451 5 a a DT 39142 2451 6 small small JJ 39142 2451 7 one one NN 39142 2451 8 , , , 39142 2451 9 collision collision NN 39142 2451 10 with with IN 39142 2451 11 any any DT 39142 2451 12 of of IN 39142 2451 13 the the DT 39142 2451 14 planets planet NNS 39142 2451 15 would would MD 39142 2451 16 result result VB 39142 2451 17 in in IN 39142 2451 18 absorption absorption NN 39142 2451 19 and and CC 39142 2451 20 dissipation dissipation NN 39142 2451 21 of of IN 39142 2451 22 the the DT 39142 2451 23 comet comet NN 39142 2451 24 into into IN 39142 2451 25 vapor vapor NN 39142 2451 26 . . . 39142 2452 1 The the DT 39142 2452 2 whole whole NN 39142 2452 3 of of IN 39142 2452 4 a a DT 39142 2452 5 large large JJ 39142 2452 6 comet comet NN 39142 2452 7 has have VBZ 39142 2452 8 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2452 9 as as RB 39142 2452 10 much much JJ 39142 2452 11 mass mass NN 39142 2452 12 or or CC 39142 2452 13 weight weight NN 39142 2452 14 as as IN 39142 2452 15 a a DT 39142 2452 16 sphere sphere NN 39142 2452 17 of of IN 39142 2452 18 iron iron NN 39142 2452 19 a a DT 39142 2452 20 hundred hundred CD 39142 2452 21 miles mile NNS 39142 2452 22 in in IN 39142 2452 23 diameter diameter NN 39142 2452 24 . . . 39142 2453 1 Even even RB 39142 2453 2 this this DT 39142 2453 3 could could MD 39142 2453 4 not not RB 39142 2453 5 wreck wreck VB 39142 2453 6 the the DT 39142 2453 7 earth earth NN 39142 2453 8 , , , 39142 2453 9 but but CC 39142 2453 10 the the DT 39142 2453 11 effect effect NN 39142 2453 12 would would MD 39142 2453 13 depend depend VB 39142 2453 14 upon upon IN 39142 2453 15 what what WP 39142 2453 16 part part NN 39142 2453 17 of of IN 39142 2453 18 the the DT 39142 2453 19 earth earth NN 39142 2453 20 was be VBD 39142 2453 21 hit hit VBN 39142 2453 22 . . . 39142 2454 1 A a DT 39142 2454 2 comet comet NN 39142 2454 3 is be VBZ 39142 2454 4 very very RB 39142 2454 5 thin thin JJ 39142 2454 6 and and CC 39142 2454 7 tenuous tenuous JJ 39142 2454 8 , , , 39142 2454 9 because because IN 39142 2454 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2454 11 relatively relatively RB 39142 2454 12 small small JJ 39142 2454 13 mass mass NN 39142 2454 14 is be VBZ 39142 2454 15 distributed distribute VBN 39142 2454 16 through through IN 39142 2454 17 a a DT 39142 2454 18 volume volume NN 39142 2454 19 so so RB 39142 2454 20 enormous enormous JJ 39142 2454 21 . . . 39142 2455 1 So so CC 39142 2455 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2455 3 is be VBZ 39142 2455 4 probable probable JJ 39142 2455 5 that that IN 39142 2455 6 the the DT 39142 2455 7 earth earth NN 39142 2455 8 's 's POS 39142 2455 9 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2455 10 could could MD 39142 2455 11 scatter scatter VB 39142 2455 12 and and CC 39142 2455 13 burn burn VB 39142 2455 14 up up RP 39142 2455 15 the the DT 39142 2455 16 invading invade VBG 39142 2455 17 comet comet NN 39142 2455 18 , , , 39142 2455 19 and and CC 39142 2455 20 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2455 21 should should MD 39142 2455 22 have have VB 39142 2455 23 only only RB 39142 2455 24 a a DT 39142 2455 25 shower shower NN 39142 2455 26 of of IN 39142 2455 27 meteors meteor NNS 39142 2455 28 on on IN 39142 2455 29 an an DT 39142 2455 30 unprecedented unprecedented JJ 39142 2455 31 scale scale NN 39142 2455 32 . . . 39142 2456 1 Diffusion diffusion NN 39142 2456 2 of of IN 39142 2456 3 noxious noxious JJ 39142 2456 4 gases gas NNS 39142 2456 5 through through IN 39142 2456 6 the the DT 39142 2456 7 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2456 8 might may MD 39142 2456 9 vitiate vitiate VB 39142 2456 10 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2456 11 to to IN 39142 2456 12 some some DT 39142 2456 13 extent extent NN 39142 2456 14 , , , 39142 2456 15 though though IN 39142 2456 16 probably probably RB 39142 2456 17 not not RB 39142 2456 18 enough enough JJ 39142 2456 19 to to TO 39142 2456 20 cause cause VB 39142 2456 21 the the DT 39142 2456 22 extinction extinction NN 39142 2456 23 of of IN 39142 2456 24 animal animal NN 39142 2456 25 life life NN 39142 2456 26 . . . 39142 2457 1 Every every DT 39142 2457 2 comet comet NN 39142 2457 3 has have VBZ 39142 2457 4 an an DT 39142 2457 5 interesting interesting JJ 39142 2457 6 history history NN 39142 2457 7 of of IN 39142 2457 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2457 9 own own JJ 39142 2457 10 , , , 39142 2457 11 almost almost RB 39142 2457 12 indeed indeed RB 39142 2457 13 unique unique JJ 39142 2457 14 . . . 39142 2458 1 One one CD 39142 2458 2 of of IN 39142 2458 3 the the DT 39142 2458 4 smallest small JJS 39142 2458 5 comets comet NNS 39142 2458 6 and and CC 39142 2458 7 the the DT 39142 2458 8 briefest brief JJS 39142 2458 9 in in IN 39142 2458 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2458 11 period period NN 39142 2458 12 round round IN 39142 2458 13 the the DT 39142 2458 14 sun sun NN 39142 2458 15 is be VBZ 39142 2458 16 known know VBN 39142 2458 17 as as IN 39142 2458 18 Encke Encke NNP 39142 2458 19 's 's POS 39142 2458 20 comet comet NN 39142 2458 21 . . . 39142 2459 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 2459 2 is be VBZ 39142 2459 3 a a DT 39142 2459 4 telescopic telescopic JJ 39142 2459 5 comet comet NN 39142 2459 6 with with IN 39142 2459 7 a a DT 39142 2459 8 very very RB 39142 2459 9 short short JJ 39142 2459 10 tail tail NN 39142 2459 11 , , , 39142 2459 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2459 13 time time NN 39142 2459 14 of of IN 39142 2459 15 revolution revolution NN 39142 2459 16 is be VBZ 39142 2459 17 about about RB 39142 2459 18 three three CD 39142 2459 19 and and CC 39142 2459 20 a a DT 39142 2459 21 half half NN 39142 2459 22 years year NNS 39142 2459 23 , , , 39142 2459 24 and and CC 39142 2459 25 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2459 26 exhibits exhibit VBZ 39142 2459 27 a a DT 39142 2459 28 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 2459 29 contraction contraction NN 39142 2459 30 of of IN 39142 2459 31 volume volume NN 39142 2459 32 on on IN 39142 2459 33 approach approach NN 39142 2459 34 to to IN 39142 2459 35 the the DT 39142 2459 36 sun sun NN 39142 2459 37 . . . 39142 2460 1 Biela Biela NNP 39142 2460 2 's 's POS 39142 2460 3 comet comet NN 39142 2460 4 has have VBZ 39142 2460 5 a a DT 39142 2460 6 period period NN 39142 2460 7 about about RB 39142 2460 8 twice twice RB 39142 2460 9 as as RB 39142 2460 10 long long JJ 39142 2460 11 . . . 39142 2461 1 At at IN 39142 2461 2 one one CD 39142 2461 3 time time NN 39142 2461 4 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2461 5 passed pass VBD 39142 2461 6 within within IN 39142 2461 7 about about RB 39142 2461 8 15 15 CD 39142 2461 9 million million CD 39142 2461 10 miles mile NNS 39142 2461 11 of of IN 39142 2461 12 the the DT 39142 2461 13 earth earth NN 39142 2461 14 , , , 39142 2461 15 and and CC 39142 2461 16 somewhere somewhere RB 39142 2461 17 about about IN 39142 2461 18 the the DT 39142 2461 19 year year NN 39142 2461 20 1840 1840 CD 39142 2461 21 this this DT 39142 2461 22 comet comet NN 39142 2461 23 divided divide VBD 39142 2461 24 into into IN 39142 2461 25 two two CD 39142 2461 26 distinct distinct JJ 39142 2461 27 comets comet NNS 39142 2461 28 , , , 39142 2461 29 which which WDT 39142 2461 30 traveled travel VBD 39142 2461 31 for for IN 39142 2461 32 months month NNS 39142 2461 33 side side NN 39142 2461 34 by by IN 39142 2461 35 side side NN 39142 2461 36 , , , 39142 2461 37 but but CC 39142 2461 38 later later RB 39142 2461 39 separated separate VBN 39142 2461 40 and and CC 39142 2461 41 both both DT 39142 2461 42 have have VBP 39142 2461 43 since since IN 39142 2461 44 completely completely RB 39142 2461 45 disappeared disappear VBN 39142 2461 46 . . . 39142 2462 1 Perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2462 2 the the DT 39142 2462 3 most most RBS 39142 2462 4 beautiful beautiful JJ 39142 2462 5 of of IN 39142 2462 6 all all DT 39142 2462 7 comets comet NNS 39142 2462 8 is be VBZ 39142 2462 9 that that IN 39142 2462 10 discovered discover VBN 39142 2462 11 by by IN 39142 2462 12 Donati Donati NNS 39142 2462 13 of of IN 39142 2462 14 Florence Florence NNP 39142 2462 15 in in IN 39142 2462 16 1858 1858 CD 39142 2462 17 . . . 39142 2463 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2463 2 coma coma NN 39142 2463 3 presented present VBD 39142 2463 4 the the DT 39142 2463 5 development development NN 39142 2463 6 of of IN 39142 2463 7 jets jet NNS 39142 2463 8 and and CC 39142 2463 9 envelopes envelope NNS 39142 2463 10 in in IN 39142 2463 11 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 2463 12 perfection perfection NN 39142 2463 13 , , , 39142 2463 14 and and CC 39142 2463 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2463 16 tail tail NN 39142 2463 17 was be VBD 39142 2463 18 of of IN 39142 2463 19 the the DT 39142 2463 20 secondary secondary JJ 39142 2463 21 or or CC 39142 2463 22 hydrocarbon hydrocarbon NN 39142 2463 23 type type NN 39142 2463 24 , , , 39142 2463 25 but but CC 39142 2463 26 accompanied accompany VBN 39142 2463 27 by by IN 39142 2463 28 two two CD 39142 2463 29 faint faint JJ 39142 2463 30 streamer streamer NN 39142 2463 31 tails tail NNS 39142 2463 32 , , , 39142 2463 33 nearly nearly RB 39142 2463 34 tangential tangential JJ 39142 2463 35 to to IN 39142 2463 36 the the DT 39142 2463 37 main main JJ 39142 2463 38 tail tail NN 39142 2463 39 and and CC 39142 2463 40 of of IN 39142 2463 41 the the DT 39142 2463 42 hydrogen hydrogen NN 39142 2463 43 type type NN 39142 2463 44 . . . 39142 2464 1 Donati Donati NNP 39142 2464 2 's 's POS 39142 2464 3 comet comet JJ 39142 2464 4 moves move NNS 39142 2464 5 in in IN 39142 2464 6 an an DT 39142 2464 7 ellipse ellipse NN 39142 2464 8 of of IN 39142 2464 9 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 39142 2464 10 length length NN 39142 2464 11 , , , 39142 2464 12 and and CC 39142 2464 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2464 14 will will MD 39142 2464 15 not not RB 39142 2464 16 return return VB 39142 2464 17 to to IN 39142 2464 18 the the DT 39142 2464 19 sun sun NN 39142 2464 20 for for IN 39142 2464 21 nearly nearly RB 39142 2464 22 2,000 2,000 CD 39142 2464 23 years year NNS 39142 2464 24 . . . 39142 2465 1 The the DT 39142 2465 2 most most RBS 39142 2465 3 brilliant brilliant JJ 39142 2465 4 comet comet NN 39142 2465 5 of of IN 39142 2465 6 the the DT 39142 2465 7 last last JJ 39142 2465 8 half half JJ 39142 2465 9 century century NN 39142 2465 10 is be VBZ 39142 2465 11 known know VBN 39142 2465 12 as as IN 39142 2465 13 the the DT 39142 2465 14 great great JJ 39142 2465 15 comet comet NN 39142 2465 16 of of IN 39142 2465 17 1882 1882 CD 39142 2465 18 . . . 39142 2466 1 In in IN 39142 2466 2 a a DT 39142 2466 3 clear clear JJ 39142 2466 4 sky sky NN 39142 2466 5 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2466 6 could could MD 39142 2466 7 readily readily RB 39142 2466 8 be be VB 39142 2466 9 seen see VBN 39142 2466 10 at at IN 39142 2466 11 midday midday NN 39142 2466 12 . . . 39142 2467 1 On on IN 39142 2467 2 September September NNP 39142 2467 3 17 17 CD 39142 2467 4 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2467 5 passed pass VBD 39142 2467 6 across across IN 39142 2467 7 the the DT 39142 2467 8 disk disk NN 39142 2467 9 of of IN 39142 2467 10 the the DT 39142 2467 11 sun sun NN 39142 2467 12 and and CC 39142 2467 13 was be VBD 39142 2467 14 practically practically RB 39142 2467 15 as as RB 39142 2467 16 bright bright JJ 39142 2467 17 as as IN 39142 2467 18 the the DT 39142 2467 19 surface surface NN 39142 2467 20 of of IN 39142 2467 21 the the DT 39142 2467 22 sun sun NN 39142 2467 23 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 2467 24 . . . 39142 2468 1 The the DT 39142 2468 2 comet comet NN 39142 2468 3 had have VBD 39142 2468 4 a a DT 39142 2468 5 multiple multiple JJ 39142 2468 6 nucleus nucleus NN 39142 2468 7 and and CC 39142 2468 8 a a DT 39142 2468 9 hydrocarbon hydrocarbon NN 39142 2468 10 tail tail NN 39142 2468 11 of of IN 39142 2468 12 the the DT 39142 2468 13 second second JJ 39142 2468 14 type type NN 39142 2468 15 , , , 39142 2468 16 nearly nearly RB 39142 2468 17 a a DT 39142 2468 18 hundred hundred CD 39142 2468 19 million million CD 39142 2468 20 miles mile NNS 39142 2468 21 in in IN 39142 2468 22 length length NN 39142 2468 23 . . . 39142 2469 1 Doubtless doubtless RB 39142 2469 2 this this DT 39142 2469 3 great great JJ 39142 2469 4 comet comet NN 39142 2469 5 is be VBZ 39142 2469 6 a a DT 39142 2469 7 member member NN 39142 2469 8 of of IN 39142 2469 9 what what WP 39142 2469 10 is be VBZ 39142 2469 11 known know VBN 39142 2469 12 as as IN 39142 2469 13 a a DT 39142 2469 14 cometary cometary NN 39142 2469 15 group group NN 39142 2469 16 , , , 39142 2469 17 which which WDT 39142 2469 18 consists consist VBZ 39142 2469 19 of of IN 39142 2469 20 comets comet NNS 39142 2469 21 having have VBG 39142 2469 22 the the DT 39142 2469 23 same same JJ 39142 2469 24 orbit orbit NN 39142 2469 25 and and CC 39142 2469 26 traveling travel VBG 39142 2469 27 tandem tandem NN 39142 2469 28 round round IN 39142 2469 29 the the DT 39142 2469 30 sun sun NN 39142 2469 31 . . . 39142 2470 1 The the DT 39142 2470 2 comets comet NNS 39142 2470 3 of of IN 39142 2470 4 1668 1668 CD 39142 2470 5 , , , 39142 2470 6 1843 1843 CD 39142 2470 7 , , , 39142 2470 8 1880 1880 CD 39142 2470 9 , , , 39142 2470 10 1882 1882 CD 39142 2470 11 and and CC 39142 2470 12 1887 1887 CD 39142 2470 13 belong belong VBP 39142 2470 14 to to IN 39142 2470 15 this this DT 39142 2470 16 particular particular JJ 39142 2470 17 group group NN 39142 2470 18 , , , 39142 2470 19 and and CC 39142 2470 20 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2470 21 all all DT 39142 2470 22 pass pass VBP 39142 2470 23 within within IN 39142 2470 24 300,000 300,000 CD 39142 2470 25 miles mile NNS 39142 2470 26 of of IN 39142 2470 27 the the DT 39142 2470 28 sun sun NN 39142 2470 29 's 's POS 39142 2470 30 surface surface NN 39142 2470 31 , , , 39142 2470 32 at at IN 39142 2470 33 a a DT 39142 2470 34 maximum maximum JJ 39142 2470 35 velocity velocity NN 39142 2470 36 exceeding exceed VBG 39142 2470 37 300 300 CD 39142 2470 38 miles mile NNS 39142 2470 39 a a DT 39142 2470 40 second second NN 39142 2470 41 . . . 39142 2471 1 They -PRON- PRP 39142 2471 2 must must MD 39142 2471 3 therefore therefore RB 39142 2471 4 invade invade VB 39142 2471 5 the the DT 39142 2471 6 regions region NNS 39142 2471 7 of of IN 39142 2471 8 the the DT 39142 2471 9 solar solar JJ 39142 2471 10 corona corona NN 39142 2471 11 , , , 39142 2471 12 the the DT 39142 2471 13 inference inference NN 39142 2471 14 being be VBG 39142 2471 15 that that IN 39142 2471 16 the the DT 39142 2471 17 corona corona NN 39142 2471 18 as as RB 39142 2471 19 well well RB 39142 2471 20 as as IN 39142 2471 21 the the DT 39142 2471 22 comet comet NN 39142 2471 23 is be VBZ 39142 2471 24 composed compose VBN 39142 2471 25 of of IN 39142 2471 26 exceedingly exceedingly RB 39142 2471 27 rare rare JJ 39142 2471 28 matter matter NN 39142 2471 29 . . . 39142 2472 1 Photography photography NN 39142 2472 2 of of IN 39142 2472 3 comets comet NNS 39142 2472 4 has have VBZ 39142 2472 5 developed develop VBN 39142 2472 6 remarkably remarkably RB 39142 2472 7 within within IN 39142 2472 8 recent recent JJ 39142 2472 9 years year NNS 39142 2472 10 , , , 39142 2472 11 especially especially RB 39142 2472 12 under under IN 39142 2472 13 the the DT 39142 2472 14 deft deft NN 39142 2472 15 manipulation manipulation NN 39142 2472 16 of of IN 39142 2472 17 Barnard Barnard NNP 39142 2472 18 , , , 39142 2472 19 whose whose WP$ 39142 2472 20 plates plate NNS 39142 2472 21 , , , 39142 2472 22 in in IN 39142 2472 23 particular particular JJ 39142 2472 24 during during IN 39142 2472 25 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2472 26 residence residence NN 39142 2472 27 at at IN 39142 2472 28 the the DT 39142 2472 29 Lick Lick NNP 39142 2472 30 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 2472 31 on on IN 39142 2472 32 Mount Mount NNP 39142 2472 33 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 39142 2472 34 , , , 39142 2472 35 California California NNP 39142 2472 36 , , , 39142 2472 37 show show VBP 39142 2472 38 the the DT 39142 2472 39 features feature NNS 39142 2472 40 of of IN 39142 2472 41 cometary cometary NN 39142 2472 42 heads head NNS 39142 2472 43 and and CC 39142 2472 44 tails tail NNS 39142 2472 45 in in IN 39142 2472 46 excellent excellent JJ 39142 2472 47 definition definition NN 39142 2472 48 . . . 39142 2473 1 Halley Halley NNP 39142 2473 2 's 's POS 39142 2473 3 comet comet NN 39142 2473 4 , , , 39142 2473 5 at at IN 39142 2473 6 the the DT 39142 2473 7 1910 1910 CD 39142 2473 8 apparition apparition NN 39142 2473 9 , , , 39142 2473 10 was be VBD 39142 2473 11 particularly particularly RB 39142 2473 12 well well RB 39142 2473 13 photographed photograph VBN 39142 2473 14 at at IN 39142 2473 15 many many JJ 39142 2473 16 observatories observatory NNS 39142 2473 17 . . . 39142 2474 1 The the DT 39142 2474 2 question question NN 39142 2474 3 is be VBZ 39142 2474 4 often often RB 39142 2474 5 asked ask VBN 39142 2474 6 , , , 39142 2474 7 When when WRB 39142 2474 8 will will MD 39142 2474 9 the the DT 39142 2474 10 next next JJ 39142 2474 11 comet comet NN 39142 2474 12 come come VB 39142 2474 13 ? ? . 39142 2475 1 If if IN 39142 2475 2 a a DT 39142 2475 3 large large JJ 39142 2475 4 bright bright JJ 39142 2475 5 comet comet NN 39142 2475 6 is be VBZ 39142 2475 7 meant mean VBN 39142 2475 8 , , , 39142 2475 9 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2475 10 can can MD 39142 2475 11 not not RB 39142 2475 12 tell tell VB 39142 2475 13 . . . 39142 2476 1 At at IN 39142 2476 2 almost almost RB 39142 2476 3 any any DT 39142 2476 4 time time NN 39142 2476 5 one one CD 39142 2476 6 may may MD 39142 2476 7 blaze blaze VB 39142 2476 8 into into IN 39142 2476 9 prominence prominence NN 39142 2476 10 within within IN 39142 2476 11 only only RB 39142 2476 12 a a DT 39142 2476 13 few few JJ 39142 2476 14 days day NNS 39142 2476 15 . . . 39142 2477 1 During during IN 39142 2477 2 the the DT 39142 2477 3 latter latter JJ 39142 2477 4 half half NN 39142 2477 5 of of IN 39142 2477 6 the the DT 39142 2477 7 last last JJ 39142 2477 8 century century NN 39142 2477 9 , , , 39142 2477 10 bright bright JJ 39142 2477 11 comets comet NNS 39142 2477 12 appeared appear VBD 39142 2477 13 at at IN 39142 2477 14 perihelion perihelion NN 39142 2477 15 at at IN 39142 2477 16 intervals interval NNS 39142 2477 17 of of IN 39142 2477 18 eight eight CD 39142 2477 19 years year NNS 39142 2477 20 on on IN 39142 2477 21 the the DT 39142 2477 22 average average NN 39142 2477 23 . . . 39142 2478 1 Several several JJ 39142 2478 2 of of IN 39142 2478 3 the the DT 39142 2478 4 lesser less JJR 39142 2478 5 and and CC 39142 2478 6 fainter fainter VB 39142 2478 7 periodic periodic JJ 39142 2478 8 comets comet NNS 39142 2478 9 return return VBP 39142 2478 10 nearly nearly RB 39142 2478 11 every every DT 39142 2478 12 year year NN 39142 2478 13 , , , 39142 2478 14 but but CC 39142 2478 15 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2478 16 are be VBP 39142 2478 17 mostly mostly RB 39142 2478 18 telescopic telescopic JJ 39142 2478 19 , , , 39142 2478 20 and and CC 39142 2478 21 are be VBP 39142 2478 22 rarely rarely RB 39142 2478 23 seen see VBN 39142 2478 24 except except IN 39142 2478 25 by by IN 39142 2478 26 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2478 27 who who WP 39142 2478 28 are be VBP 39142 2478 29 particularly particularly RB 39142 2478 30 interested interested JJ 39142 2478 31 in in IN 39142 2478 32 observing observe VBG 39142 2478 33 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2478 34 . . . 39142 2479 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 2479 2 XLII xlii VBP 39142 2479 3 METEORS METEORS NNP 39142 2479 4 AND and CC 39142 2479 5 SHOOTING shooting NN 39142 2479 6 STARS star NNS 39142 2479 7 " " `` 39142 2479 8 Falling fall VBG 39142 2479 9 stars star NNS 39142 2479 10 , , , 39142 2479 11 " " '' 39142 2479 12 or or CC 39142 2479 13 " " `` 39142 2479 14 shooting shoot VBG 39142 2479 15 stars star NNS 39142 2479 16 , , , 39142 2479 17 " " '' 39142 2479 18 have have VBP 39142 2479 19 been be VBN 39142 2479 20 familiar familiar JJ 39142 2479 21 sights sight NNS 39142 2479 22 in in IN 39142 2479 23 all all DT 39142 2479 24 ages age NNS 39142 2479 25 of of IN 39142 2479 26 the the DT 39142 2479 27 world world NN 39142 2479 28 , , , 39142 2479 29 but but CC 39142 2479 30 the the DT 39142 2479 31 ancient ancient JJ 39142 2479 32 philosophers philosopher NNS 39142 2479 33 thought think VBD 39142 2479 34 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2479 35 scarcely scarcely RB 39142 2479 36 worthy worthy JJ 39142 2479 37 of of IN 39142 2479 38 notice notice NN 39142 2479 39 . . . 39142 2480 1 According accord VBG 39142 2480 2 to to IN 39142 2480 3 Aristotle Aristotle NNP 39142 2480 4 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2480 5 were be VBD 39142 2480 6 mere mere JJ 39142 2480 7 nothings nothing NNS 39142 2480 8 of of IN 39142 2480 9 the the DT 39142 2480 10 upper upper JJ 39142 2480 11 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2480 12 , , , 39142 2480 13 of of IN 39142 2480 14 no no DT 39142 2480 15 more more JJR 39142 2480 16 account account NN 39142 2480 17 than than IN 39142 2480 18 the the DT 39142 2480 19 general general JJ 39142 2480 20 happenings happening NNS 39142 2480 21 of of IN 39142 2480 22 the the DT 39142 2480 23 weather weather NN 39142 2480 24 . . . 39142 2481 1 But but CC 39142 2481 2 about about IN 39142 2481 3 the the DT 39142 2481 4 end end NN 39142 2481 5 of of IN 39142 2481 6 the the DT 39142 2481 7 eighteenth eighteenth JJ 39142 2481 8 century century NN 39142 2481 9 and and CC 39142 2481 10 the the DT 39142 2481 11 beginning beginning NN 39142 2481 12 of of IN 39142 2481 13 the the DT 39142 2481 14 nineteenth nineteenth NN 39142 2481 15 the the DT 39142 2481 16 insufficiency insufficiency NN 39142 2481 17 of of IN 39142 2481 18 this this DT 39142 2481 19 view view NN 39142 2481 20 began begin VBD 39142 2481 21 to to TO 39142 2481 22 be be VB 39142 2481 23 fully fully RB 39142 2481 24 recognized recognize VBN 39142 2481 25 , , , 39142 2481 26 and and CC 39142 2481 27 interplanetary interplanetary JJ 39142 2481 28 space space NN 39142 2481 29 was be VBD 39142 2481 30 conceived conceive VBN 39142 2481 31 as as IN 39142 2481 32 tenanted tenant VBN 39142 2481 33 by by IN 39142 2481 34 shoals shoal NNS 39142 2481 35 of of IN 39142 2481 36 moving move VBG 39142 2481 37 bodies body NNS 39142 2481 38 exceedingly exceedingly RB 39142 2481 39 small small JJ 39142 2481 40 in in IN 39142 2481 41 mass mass NN 39142 2481 42 and and CC 39142 2481 43 dimension dimension NN 39142 2481 44 as as IN 39142 2481 45 compared compare VBN 39142 2481 46 with with IN 39142 2481 47 the the DT 39142 2481 48 planets planet NNS 39142 2481 49 . . . 39142 2482 1 Millions million NNS 39142 2482 2 of of IN 39142 2482 3 these these DT 39142 2482 4 bodies body NNS 39142 2482 5 are be VBP 39142 2482 6 all all PDT 39142 2482 7 the the DT 39142 2482 8 time time NN 39142 2482 9 in in IN 39142 2482 10 collision collision NN 39142 2482 11 with with IN 39142 2482 12 the the DT 39142 2482 13 outlying outlying JJ 39142 2482 14 regions region NNS 39142 2482 15 of of IN 39142 2482 16 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2482 17 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2482 18 ; ; : 39142 2482 19 and and CC 39142 2482 20 by by IN 39142 2482 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2482 22 impact impact NN 39142 2482 23 upon upon IN 39142 2482 24 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2482 25 and and CC 39142 2482 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2482 27 friction friction NN 39142 2482 28 in in IN 39142 2482 29 passing pass VBG 39142 2482 30 swiftly swiftly RB 39142 2482 31 through through IN 39142 2482 32 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2482 33 , , , 39142 2482 34 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2482 35 become become VBP 39142 2482 36 heated heated JJ 39142 2482 37 to to IN 39142 2482 38 incandescence incandescence NN 39142 2482 39 , , , 39142 2482 40 thus thus RB 39142 2482 41 creating create VBG 39142 2482 42 the the DT 39142 2482 43 luminous luminous JJ 39142 2482 44 appearances appearance NNS 39142 2482 45 commonly commonly RB 39142 2482 46 known know VBN 39142 2482 47 as as IN 39142 2482 48 shooting shoot VBG 39142 2482 49 stars star NNS 39142 2482 50 . . . 39142 2483 1 For for IN 39142 2483 2 the the DT 39142 2483 3 most most JJS 39142 2483 4 part part NN 39142 2483 5 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2483 6 are be VBP 39142 2483 7 consumed consume VBN 39142 2483 8 or or CC 39142 2483 9 dissipated dissipate VBN 39142 2483 10 in in IN 39142 2483 11 vapor vapor NN 39142 2483 12 before before IN 39142 2483 13 reaching reach VBG 39142 2483 14 the the DT 39142 2483 15 solid solid JJ 39142 2483 16 surface surface NN 39142 2483 17 of of IN 39142 2483 18 the the DT 39142 2483 19 earth earth NN 39142 2483 20 ; ; : 39142 2483 21 but but CC 39142 2483 22 occasionally occasionally RB 39142 2483 23 a a DT 39142 2483 24 luminous luminous JJ 39142 2483 25 cloud cloud NN 39142 2483 26 or or CC 39142 2483 27 streak streak NN 39142 2483 28 is be VBZ 39142 2483 29 left leave VBN 39142 2483 30 glowing glow VBG 39142 2483 31 in in IN 39142 2483 32 the the DT 39142 2483 33 wake wake NN 39142 2483 34 of of IN 39142 2483 35 a a DT 39142 2483 36 large large JJ 39142 2483 37 meteor meteor NN 39142 2483 38 , , , 39142 2483 39 which which WDT 39142 2483 40 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 2483 41 remains remain VBZ 39142 2483 42 visible visible JJ 39142 2483 43 for for IN 39142 2483 44 half half PDT 39142 2483 45 an an DT 39142 2483 46 hour hour NN 39142 2483 47 after after IN 39142 2483 48 the the DT 39142 2483 49 passage passage NN 39142 2483 50 of of IN 39142 2483 51 the the DT 39142 2483 52 meteor meteor NN 39142 2483 53 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 2483 54 . . . 39142 2484 1 These these DT 39142 2484 2 mistlike mistlike JJ 39142 2484 3 clouds cloud NNS 39142 2484 4 projected project VBN 39142 2484 5 upon upon IN 39142 2484 6 the the DT 39142 2484 7 dark dark JJ 39142 2484 8 sky sky NN 39142 2484 9 have have VBP 39142 2484 10 been be VBN 39142 2484 11 especially especially RB 39142 2484 12 studied study VBN 39142 2484 13 by by IN 39142 2484 14 Trowbridge Trowbridge NNP 39142 2484 15 of of IN 39142 2484 16 Columbia Columbia NNP 39142 2484 17 University University NNP 39142 2484 18 . . . 39142 2485 1 Many many JJ 39142 2485 2 more more JJR 39142 2485 3 meteors meteor NNS 39142 2485 4 are be VBP 39142 2485 5 seen see VBN 39142 2485 6 during during IN 39142 2485 7 the the DT 39142 2485 8 morning morning NN 39142 2485 9 hours hour NNS 39142 2485 10 , , , 39142 2485 11 say say VBP 39142 2485 12 from from IN 39142 2485 13 four four CD 39142 2485 14 to to IN 39142 2485 15 six six CD 39142 2485 16 , , , 39142 2485 17 than than IN 39142 2485 18 at at IN 39142 2485 19 any any DT 39142 2485 20 other other JJ 39142 2485 21 nightly nightly JJ 39142 2485 22 period period NN 39142 2485 23 of of IN 39142 2485 24 equal equal JJ 39142 2485 25 length length NN 39142 2485 26 , , , 39142 2485 27 because because IN 39142 2485 28 the the DT 39142 2485 29 visible visible JJ 39142 2485 30 sky sky NN 39142 2485 31 is be VBZ 39142 2485 32 at at IN 39142 2485 33 that that DT 39142 2485 34 time time NN 39142 2485 35 nearly nearly RB 39142 2485 36 centered center VBN 39142 2485 37 around around IN 39142 2485 38 the the DT 39142 2485 39 general general JJ 39142 2485 40 direction direction NN 39142 2485 41 toward toward IN 39142 2485 42 which which WDT 39142 2485 43 the the DT 39142 2485 44 earth earth NN 39142 2485 45 is be VBZ 39142 2485 46 moving move VBG 39142 2485 47 in in IN 39142 2485 48 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2485 49 orbit orbit NN 39142 2485 50 round round IN 39142 2485 51 the the DT 39142 2485 52 sun sun NN 39142 2485 53 ; ; : 39142 2485 54 so so IN 39142 2485 55 that that IN 39142 2485 56 the the DT 39142 2485 57 number number NN 39142 2485 58 of of IN 39142 2485 59 meteors meteor NNS 39142 2485 60 that that WDT 39142 2485 61 would would MD 39142 2485 62 fall fall VB 39142 2485 63 upon upon IN 39142 2485 64 the the DT 39142 2485 65 earth earth NN 39142 2485 66 if if IN 39142 2485 67 at at IN 39142 2485 68 rest rest NN 39142 2485 69 is be VBZ 39142 2485 70 increased increase VBN 39142 2485 71 by by IN 39142 2485 72 those those DT 39142 2485 73 which which WDT 39142 2485 74 the the DT 39142 2485 75 earth earth NN 39142 2485 76 overtakes overtake VBZ 39142 2485 77 by by IN 39142 2485 78 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2485 79 own own JJ 39142 2485 80 motion motion NN 39142 2485 81 . . . 39142 2486 1 Also also RB 39142 2486 2 from from IN 39142 2486 3 January January NNP 39142 2486 4 to to IN 39142 2486 5 July July NNP 39142 2486 6 while while IN 39142 2486 7 the the DT 39142 2486 8 earth earth NN 39142 2486 9 is be VBZ 39142 2486 10 traveling travel VBG 39142 2486 11 from from IN 39142 2486 12 perihelion perihelion NN 39142 2486 13 to to IN 39142 2486 14 aphelion aphelion NN 39142 2486 15 , , , 39142 2486 16 fewer few JJR 39142 2486 17 meteors meteor NNS 39142 2486 18 are be VBP 39142 2486 19 seen see VBN 39142 2486 20 than than IN 39142 2486 21 in in IN 39142 2486 22 the the DT 39142 2486 23 last last JJ 39142 2486 24 half half NN 39142 2486 25 of of IN 39142 2486 26 the the DT 39142 2486 27 year year NN 39142 2486 28 ; ; : 39142 2486 29 but but CC 39142 2486 30 this this DT 39142 2486 31 is be VBZ 39142 2486 32 chiefly chiefly RB 39142 2486 33 because because IN 39142 2486 34 of of IN 39142 2486 35 the the DT 39142 2486 36 rich rich JJ 39142 2486 37 showers shower NNS 39142 2486 38 encountered encounter VBN 39142 2486 39 in in IN 39142 2486 40 August August NNP 39142 2486 41 and and CC 39142 2486 42 November November NNP 39142 2486 43 . . . 39142 2487 1 Although although IN 39142 2487 2 the the DT 39142 2487 3 descent descent NN 39142 2487 4 of of IN 39142 2487 5 meteoric meteoric JJ 39142 2487 6 bodies body NNS 39142 2487 7 from from IN 39142 2487 8 the the DT 39142 2487 9 sky sky NN 39142 2487 10 was be VBD 39142 2487 11 pretty pretty RB 39142 2487 12 generally generally RB 39142 2487 13 discredited discredit VBN 39142 2487 14 until until IN 39142 2487 15 early early RB 39142 2487 16 in in IN 39142 2487 17 the the DT 39142 2487 18 nineteenth nineteenth JJ 39142 2487 19 century century NN 39142 2487 20 , , , 39142 2487 21 such such JJ 39142 2487 22 falls fall NNS 39142 2487 23 had have VBD 39142 2487 24 nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 2487 25 been be VBN 39142 2487 26 recorded record VBN 39142 2487 27 from from IN 39142 2487 28 very very RB 39142 2487 29 early early JJ 39142 2487 30 times time NNS 39142 2487 31 . . . 39142 2488 1 They -PRON- PRP 39142 2488 2 were be VBD 39142 2488 3 usually usually RB 39142 2488 4 regarded regard VBN 39142 2488 5 as as IN 39142 2488 6 prodigies prodigy NNS 39142 2488 7 or or CC 39142 2488 8 miracles miracle NNS 39142 2488 9 , , , 39142 2488 10 and and CC 39142 2488 11 such such JJ 39142 2488 12 stones stone NNS 39142 2488 13 were be VBD 39142 2488 14 commonly commonly RB 39142 2488 15 objects object NNS 39142 2488 16 of of IN 39142 2488 17 worship worship NN 39142 2488 18 among among IN 39142 2488 19 ancient ancient JJ 39142 2488 20 peoples people NNS 39142 2488 21 . . . 39142 2489 1 For for IN 39142 2489 2 example example NN 39142 2489 3 , , , 39142 2489 4 the the DT 39142 2489 5 Phrygian Phrygian NNP 39142 2489 6 Stone Stone NNP 39142 2489 7 , , , 39142 2489 8 known know VBN 39142 2489 9 as as IN 39142 2489 10 the the DT 39142 2489 11 " " `` 39142 2489 12 Diana Diana NNP 39142 2489 13 of of IN 39142 2489 14 the the DT 39142 2489 15 Ephesians Ephesians NNPS 39142 2489 16 which which WDT 39142 2489 17 fell fall VBD 39142 2489 18 down down RP 39142 2489 19 from from IN 39142 2489 20 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2489 21 , , , 39142 2489 22 " " `` 39142 2489 23 was be VBD 39142 2489 24 a a DT 39142 2489 25 famous famous JJ 39142 2489 26 stone stone NN 39142 2489 27 built build VBN 39142 2489 28 into into IN 39142 2489 29 the the DT 39142 2489 30 Kaaba Kaaba NNP 39142 2489 31 at at IN 39142 2489 32 Mecca Mecca NNP 39142 2489 33 , , , 39142 2489 34 and and CC 39142 2489 35 even even RB 39142 2489 36 to to IN 39142 2489 37 - - HYPH 39142 2489 38 day day NN 39142 2489 39 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2489 40 is be VBZ 39142 2489 41 revered revere VBN 39142 2489 42 by by IN 39142 2489 43 Mohammedans Mohammedans NNPS 39142 2489 44 as as IN 39142 2489 45 a a DT 39142 2489 46 holy holy JJ 39142 2489 47 relic relic NN 39142 2489 48 . . . 39142 2490 1 Perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2490 2 the the DT 39142 2490 3 earliest early JJS 39142 2490 4 known know VBN 39142 2490 5 meteoric meteoric JJ 39142 2490 6 fall fall NN 39142 2490 7 is be VBZ 39142 2490 8 that that IN 39142 2490 9 historically historically RB 39142 2490 10 recorded record VBN 39142 2490 11 in in IN 39142 2490 12 the the DT 39142 2490 13 Parian parian JJ 39142 2490 14 Chronicle Chronicle NNP 39142 2490 15 as as IN 39142 2490 16 having have VBG 39142 2490 17 occurred occur VBN 39142 2490 18 in in IN 39142 2490 19 the the DT 39142 2490 20 island island NN 39142 2490 21 of of IN 39142 2490 22 Crete Crete NNP 39142 2490 23 , , , 39142 2490 24 B. B. NNP 39142 2490 25 C. C. NNP 39142 2490 26 1478 1478 CD 39142 2490 27 . . . 39142 2491 1 Also also RB 39142 2491 2 in in IN 39142 2491 3 the the DT 39142 2491 4 imperial imperial JJ 39142 2491 5 museum museum NN 39142 2491 6 of of IN 39142 2491 7 Petrograd Petrograd NNP 39142 2491 8 is be VBZ 39142 2491 9 the the DT 39142 2491 10 Pallas Pallas NNP 39142 2491 11 or or CC 39142 2491 12 Krasnoiarsk Krasnoiarsk NNP 39142 2491 13 iron iron NN 39142 2491 14 , , , 39142 2491 15 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2491 16 three three CD 39142 2491 17 - - HYPH 39142 2491 18 quarters quarter NNS 39142 2491 19 of of IN 39142 2491 20 a a DT 39142 2491 21 ton ton NN 39142 2491 22 in in IN 39142 2491 23 weight weight NN 39142 2491 24 , , , 39142 2491 25 found find VBN 39142 2491 26 in in IN 39142 2491 27 1772 1772 CD 39142 2491 28 by by IN 39142 2491 29 Pallas Pallas NNP 39142 2491 30 , , , 39142 2491 31 the the DT 39142 2491 32 famous famous JJ 39142 2491 33 traveler traveler NN 39142 2491 34 , , , 39142 2491 35 at at IN 39142 2491 36 Krasnoiarsk Krasnoiarsk NNP 39142 2491 37 , , , 39142 2491 38 Siberia Siberia NNP 39142 2491 39 . . . 39142 2492 1 But but CC 39142 2492 2 a a DT 39142 2492 3 fall fall NN 39142 2492 4 of of IN 39142 2492 5 meteoric meteoric JJ 39142 2492 6 stones stone NNS 39142 2492 7 that that WDT 39142 2492 8 chanced chance VBD 39142 2492 9 upon upon IN 39142 2492 10 the the DT 39142 2492 11 department department NN 39142 2492 12 of of IN 39142 2492 13 Orne Orne NNP 39142 2492 14 , , , 39142 2492 15 France France NNP 39142 2492 16 , , , 39142 2492 17 in in IN 39142 2492 18 1805 1805 CD 39142 2492 19 , , , 39142 2492 20 led lead VBD 39142 2492 21 to to IN 39142 2492 22 a a DT 39142 2492 23 critical critical JJ 39142 2492 24 investigation investigation NN 39142 2492 25 by by IN 39142 2492 26 Biot Biot NNP 39142 2492 27 , , , 39142 2492 28 the the DT 39142 2492 29 distinguished distinguished JJ 39142 2492 30 physicist physicist NNP 39142 2492 31 and and CC 39142 2492 32 academician academician NNP 39142 2492 33 . . . 39142 2493 1 According accord VBG 39142 2493 2 to to IN 39142 2493 3 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2493 4 report report NN 39142 2493 5 a a DT 39142 2493 6 violent violent JJ 39142 2493 7 explosion explosion NN 39142 2493 8 in in IN 39142 2493 9 the the DT 39142 2493 10 neighborhood neighborhood NN 39142 2493 11 of of IN 39142 2493 12 L'Aigle L'Aigle NNP 39142 2493 13 had have VBD 39142 2493 14 been be VBN 39142 2493 15 heard hear VBN 39142 2493 16 for for IN 39142 2493 17 a a DT 39142 2493 18 distance distance NN 39142 2493 19 of of IN 39142 2493 20 seventy seventy CD 39142 2493 21 - - HYPH 39142 2493 22 five five CD 39142 2493 23 miles mile NNS 39142 2493 24 around around RB 39142 2493 25 , , , 39142 2493 26 and and CC 39142 2493 27 lasting last VBG 39142 2493 28 five five CD 39142 2493 29 or or CC 39142 2493 30 six six CD 39142 2493 31 minutes minute NNS 39142 2493 32 , , , 39142 2493 33 about about RB 39142 2493 34 1 1 CD 39142 2493 35 P. P. NNP 39142 2493 36 M. M. NNP 39142 2493 37 on on IN 39142 2493 38 Tuesday Tuesday NNP 39142 2493 39 , , , 39142 2493 40 April April NNP 39142 2493 41 26 26 CD 39142 2493 42 . . . 39142 2494 1 From from IN 39142 2494 2 several several JJ 39142 2494 3 adjoining adjoining JJ 39142 2494 4 towns town NNS 39142 2494 5 a a DT 39142 2494 6 rapidly rapidly RB 39142 2494 7 moving move VBG 39142 2494 8 fireball fireball NN 39142 2494 9 had have VBD 39142 2494 10 been be VBN 39142 2494 11 seen see VBN 39142 2494 12 in in IN 39142 2494 13 a a DT 39142 2494 14 sky sky NN 39142 2494 15 generally generally RB 39142 2494 16 clear clear JJ 39142 2494 17 , , , 39142 2494 18 and and CC 39142 2494 19 there there EX 39142 2494 20 was be VBD 39142 2494 21 absolutely absolutely RB 39142 2494 22 no no DT 39142 2494 23 room room NN 39142 2494 24 for for IN 39142 2494 25 doubt doubt NN 39142 2494 26 that that IN 39142 2494 27 on on IN 39142 2494 28 the the DT 39142 2494 29 same same JJ 39142 2494 30 day day NN 39142 2494 31 many many JJ 39142 2494 32 stones stone NNS 39142 2494 33 fell fall VBD 39142 2494 34 in in IN 39142 2494 35 the the DT 39142 2494 36 neighborhood neighborhood NN 39142 2494 37 of of IN 39142 2494 38 L'Aigle L'Aigle NNP 39142 2494 39 . . . 39142 2495 1 Biot Biot NNP 39142 2495 2 estimated estimate VBD 39142 2495 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2495 4 number number NN 39142 2495 5 between between IN 39142 2495 6 two two CD 39142 2495 7 and and CC 39142 2495 8 three three CD 39142 2495 9 thousand thousand CD 39142 2495 10 , , , 39142 2495 11 and and CC 39142 2495 12 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2495 13 were be VBD 39142 2495 14 scattered scatter VBN 39142 2495 15 over over IN 39142 2495 16 an an DT 39142 2495 17 elliptical elliptical JJ 39142 2495 18 area area NN 39142 2495 19 more more JJR 39142 2495 20 than than IN 39142 2495 21 six six CD 39142 2495 22 miles mile NNS 39142 2495 23 long long JJ 39142 2495 24 , , , 39142 2495 25 and and CC 39142 2495 26 two two CD 39142 2495 27 and and CC 39142 2495 28 a a DT 39142 2495 29 half half NN 39142 2495 30 miles mile NNS 39142 2495 31 broad broad RB 39142 2495 32 . . . 39142 2496 1 Thenceforward thenceforward IN 39142 2496 2 the the DT 39142 2496 3 descent descent NN 39142 2496 4 of of IN 39142 2496 5 meteoric meteoric JJ 39142 2496 6 matter matter NN 39142 2496 7 from from IN 39142 2496 8 outer outer JJ 39142 2496 9 space space NN 39142 2496 10 upon upon IN 39142 2496 11 the the DT 39142 2496 12 earth earth NN 39142 2496 13 has have VBZ 39142 2496 14 been be VBN 39142 2496 15 recognized recognize VBN 39142 2496 16 as as IN 39142 2496 17 an an DT 39142 2496 18 unquestioned unquestioned JJ 39142 2496 19 fact fact NN 39142 2496 20 . . . 39142 2497 1 The the DT 39142 2497 2 origin origin NN 39142 2497 3 of of IN 39142 2497 4 these these DT 39142 2497 5 bodies body NNS 39142 2497 6 being be VBG 39142 2497 7 cosmic cosmic JJ 39142 2497 8 , , , 39142 2497 9 meteors meteor NNS 39142 2497 10 may may MD 39142 2497 11 be be VB 39142 2497 12 expected expect VBN 39142 2497 13 to to TO 39142 2497 14 fall fall VB 39142 2497 15 upon upon IN 39142 2497 16 the the DT 39142 2497 17 earth earth NN 39142 2497 18 without without IN 39142 2497 19 reference reference NN 39142 2497 20 to to IN 39142 2497 21 latitude latitude NN 39142 2497 22 , , , 39142 2497 23 or or CC 39142 2497 24 season season NN 39142 2497 25 , , , 39142 2497 26 or or CC 39142 2497 27 day day NN 39142 2497 28 and and CC 39142 2497 29 night night NN 39142 2497 30 , , , 39142 2497 31 or or CC 39142 2497 32 weather weather NN 39142 2497 33 . . . 39142 2498 1 On on IN 39142 2498 2 entering enter VBG 39142 2498 3 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2498 4 upper upper JJ 39142 2498 5 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2498 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2498 7 temperature temperature NN 39142 2498 8 must must MD 39142 2498 9 be be VB 39142 2498 10 that that DT 39142 2498 11 of of IN 39142 2498 12 space space NN 39142 2498 13 , , , 39142 2498 14 many many JJ 39142 2498 15 hundred hundred CD 39142 2498 16 degrees degree NNS 39142 2498 17 below below IN 39142 2498 18 zero zero CD 39142 2498 19 ; ; : 39142 2498 20 and and CC 39142 2498 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2498 22 velocities velocity NNS 39142 2498 23 range range VBP 39142 2498 24 from from IN 39142 2498 25 ten ten CD 39142 2498 26 miles mile NNS 39142 2498 27 per per IN 39142 2498 28 second second JJ 39142 2498 29 upward upward NN 39142 2498 30 . . . 39142 2499 1 But but CC 39142 2499 2 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 39142 2499 3 resistance resistance NN 39142 2499 4 to to IN 39142 2499 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2499 6 flight flight NN 39142 2499 7 is be VBZ 39142 2499 8 so so RB 39142 2499 9 great great JJ 39142 2499 10 that that IN 39142 2499 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2499 12 velocity velocity NN 39142 2499 13 is be VBZ 39142 2499 14 quickly quickly RB 39142 2499 15 reduced reduce VBN 39142 2499 16 : : : 39142 2499 17 at at IN 39142 2499 18 ground ground NN 39142 2499 19 impact impact NN 39142 2499 20 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2499 21 does do VBZ 39142 2499 22 not not RB 39142 2499 23 exceed exceed VB 39142 2499 24 a a DT 39142 2499 25 few few JJ 39142 2499 26 hundred hundred CD 39142 2499 27 feet foot NNS 39142 2499 28 per per IN 39142 2499 29 second second NN 39142 2499 30 . . . 39142 2500 1 On on IN 39142 2500 2 January January NNP 39142 2500 3 1 1 CD 39142 2500 4 , , , 39142 2500 5 1869 1869 CD 39142 2500 6 , , , 39142 2500 7 several several JJ 39142 2500 8 meteoric meteoric JJ 39142 2500 9 stones stone NNS 39142 2500 10 fell fall VBD 39142 2500 11 on on IN 39142 2500 12 ice ice NN 39142 2500 13 only only RB 39142 2500 14 a a DT 39142 2500 15 few few JJ 39142 2500 16 inches inch NNS 39142 2500 17 thick thick JJ 39142 2500 18 in in IN 39142 2500 19 Sweden Sweden NNP 39142 2500 20 , , , 39142 2500 21 rebounding rebound VBG 39142 2500 22 without without IN 39142 2500 23 either either CC 39142 2500 24 breaking break VBG 39142 2500 25 through through IN 39142 2500 26 the the DT 39142 2500 27 ice ice NN 39142 2500 28 or or CC 39142 2500 29 being be VBG 39142 2500 30 themselves -PRON- PRP 39142 2500 31 fractured fracture VBN 39142 2500 32 . . . 39142 2501 1 Naturally naturally RB 39142 2501 2 the the DT 39142 2501 3 flight flight NN 39142 2501 4 of of IN 39142 2501 5 a a DT 39142 2501 6 meteor meteor NN 39142 2501 7 through through IN 39142 2501 8 the the DT 39142 2501 9 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2501 10 will will MD 39142 2501 11 be be VB 39142 2501 12 only only RB 39142 2501 13 a a DT 39142 2501 14 few few JJ 39142 2501 15 seconds second NNS 39142 2501 16 in in IN 39142 2501 17 duration duration NN 39142 2501 18 , , , 39142 2501 19 and and CC 39142 2501 20 owing owe VBG 39142 2501 21 to to IN 39142 2501 22 the the DT 39142 2501 23 sudden sudden JJ 39142 2501 24 reduction reduction NN 39142 2501 25 of of IN 39142 2501 26 velocity velocity NN 39142 2501 27 , , , 39142 2501 28 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2501 29 will will MD 39142 2501 30 continue continue VB 39142 2501 31 to to TO 39142 2501 32 be be VB 39142 2501 33 luminous luminous JJ 39142 2501 34 throughout throughout IN 39142 2501 35 only only RB 39142 2501 36 the the DT 39142 2501 37 upper upper JJ 39142 2501 38 part part NN 39142 2501 39 of of IN 39142 2501 40 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2501 41 course course NN 39142 2501 42 . . . 39142 2502 1 Visibility Visibility NNP 39142 2502 2 generally generally RB 39142 2502 3 begins begin VBZ 39142 2502 4 at at IN 39142 2502 5 an an DT 39142 2502 6 elevation elevation NN 39142 2502 7 of of IN 39142 2502 8 about about RB 39142 2502 9 seventy seventy CD 39142 2502 10 miles mile NNS 39142 2502 11 , , , 39142 2502 12 and and CC 39142 2502 13 ends end VBZ 39142 2502 14 at at IN 39142 2502 15 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2502 16 half half PDT 39142 2502 17 that that DT 39142 2502 18 altitude altitude NN 39142 2502 19 . . . 39142 2503 1 What what WP 39142 2503 2 is be VBZ 39142 2503 3 the the DT 39142 2503 4 origin origin NN 39142 2503 5 of of IN 39142 2503 6 meteors meteor NNS 39142 2503 7 ? ? . 39142 2504 1 Theories theory NNS 39142 2504 2 there there EX 39142 2504 3 are be VBP 39142 2504 4 in in IN 39142 2504 5 great great JJ 39142 2504 6 abundance abundance NN 39142 2504 7 : : : 39142 2504 8 that that IN 39142 2504 9 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2504 10 come come VBP 39142 2504 11 from from IN 39142 2504 12 the the DT 39142 2504 13 sun sun NN 39142 2504 14 , , , 39142 2504 15 that that IN 39142 2504 16 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2504 17 come come VBP 39142 2504 18 from from IN 39142 2504 19 the the DT 39142 2504 20 moon moon NN 39142 2504 21 , , , 39142 2504 22 that that IN 39142 2504 23 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2504 24 come come VBP 39142 2504 25 from from IN 39142 2504 26 the the DT 39142 2504 27 earth earth NN 39142 2504 28 in in IN 39142 2504 29 past past JJ 39142 2504 30 ages age NNS 39142 2504 31 as as IN 39142 2504 32 a a DT 39142 2504 33 result result NN 39142 2504 34 of of IN 39142 2504 35 volcanic volcanic JJ 39142 2504 36 action action NN 39142 2504 37 , , , 39142 2504 38 and and CC 39142 2504 39 so so RB 39142 2504 40 on on RB 39142 2504 41 . . . 39142 2505 1 But but CC 39142 2505 2 there there EX 39142 2505 3 are be VBP 39142 2505 4 many many JJ 39142 2505 5 difficulties difficulty NNS 39142 2505 6 in in IN 39142 2505 7 the the DT 39142 2505 8 way way NN 39142 2505 9 of of IN 39142 2505 10 acceptance acceptance NN 39142 2505 11 of of IN 39142 2505 12 these these DT 39142 2505 13 and and CC 39142 2505 14 several several JJ 39142 2505 15 other other JJ 39142 2505 16 theories theory NNS 39142 2505 17 . . . 39142 2506 1 That that IN 39142 2506 2 all all DT 39142 2506 3 meteors meteor NNS 39142 2506 4 were be VBD 39142 2506 5 originally originally RB 39142 2506 6 parts part NNS 39142 2506 7 of of IN 39142 2506 8 cometary cometary NN 39142 2506 9 masses masse NNS 39142 2506 10 is be VBZ 39142 2506 11 however however RB 39142 2506 12 a a DT 39142 2506 13 theory theory NN 39142 2506 14 that that WDT 39142 2506 15 may may MD 39142 2506 16 be be VB 39142 2506 17 accepted accept VBN 39142 2506 18 without without IN 39142 2506 19 much much JJ 39142 2506 20 hesitation hesitation NN 39142 2506 21 . . . 39142 2507 1 Comets comet NNS 39142 2507 2 have have VBP 39142 2507 3 been be VBN 39142 2507 4 known know VBN 39142 2507 5 to to TO 39142 2507 6 disintegrate disintegrate VB 39142 2507 7 . . . 39142 2508 1 Biela Biela NNP 39142 2508 2 's 's POS 39142 2508 3 comet comet NN 39142 2508 4 even even RB 39142 2508 5 disappeared disappear VBD 39142 2508 6 entirely entirely RB 39142 2508 7 , , , 39142 2508 8 so so IN 39142 2508 9 that that IN 39142 2508 10 during during IN 39142 2508 11 a a DT 39142 2508 12 shower shower NN 39142 2508 13 of of IN 39142 2508 14 Biela Biela NNP 39142 2508 15 meteors meteor NNS 39142 2508 16 in in IN 39142 2508 17 November November NNP 39142 2508 18 , , , 39142 2508 19 1885 1885 CD 39142 2508 20 , , , 39142 2508 21 an an DT 39142 2508 22 actual actual JJ 39142 2508 23 fragment fragment NN 39142 2508 24 of of IN 39142 2508 25 the the DT 39142 2508 26 lost lost JJ 39142 2508 27 comet comet NN 39142 2508 28 fell fall VBD 39142 2508 29 upon upon IN 39142 2508 30 the the DT 39142 2508 31 earth earth NN 39142 2508 32 , , , 39142 2508 33 at at IN 39142 2508 34 Mazapil Mazapil NNP 39142 2508 35 , , , 39142 2508 36 Mexico Mexico NNP 39142 2508 37 . . . 39142 2509 1 And and CC 39142 2509 2 as as IN 39142 2509 3 the the DT 39142 2509 4 Bielid Bielid NNP 39142 2509 5 meteors meteor NNS 39142 2509 6 encounter encounter VBP 39142 2509 7 the the DT 39142 2509 8 earth earth NN 39142 2509 9 with with IN 39142 2509 10 the the DT 39142 2509 11 relatively relatively RB 39142 2509 12 low low JJ 39142 2509 13 velocity velocity NN 39142 2509 14 of of IN 39142 2509 15 ten ten CD 39142 2509 16 miles mile NNS 39142 2509 17 a a DT 39142 2509 18 second second NN 39142 2509 19 , , , 39142 2509 20 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2509 21 may may MD 39142 2509 22 expect expect VB 39142 2509 23 to to TO 39142 2509 24 capture capture VB 39142 2509 25 other other JJ 39142 2509 26 fragments fragment NNS 39142 2509 27 in in IN 39142 2509 28 the the DT 39142 2509 29 future future NN 39142 2509 30 . . . 39142 2510 1 Numerous numerous JJ 39142 2510 2 observers observer NNS 39142 2510 3 saw see VBD 39142 2510 4 the the DT 39142 2510 5 weird weird JJ 39142 2510 6 disintegration disintegration NN 39142 2510 7 of of IN 39142 2510 8 the the DT 39142 2510 9 nucleus nucleus NN 39142 2510 10 of of IN 39142 2510 11 the the DT 39142 2510 12 great great JJ 39142 2510 13 comet comet NN 39142 2510 14 of of IN 39142 2510 15 1882 1882 CD 39142 2510 16 , , , 39142 2510 17 well well RB 39142 2510 18 recognized recognize VBN 39142 2510 19 as as IN 39142 2510 20 a a DT 39142 2510 21 member member NN 39142 2510 22 of of IN 39142 2510 23 the the DT 39142 2510 24 family family NN 39142 2510 25 of of IN 39142 2510 26 the the DT 39142 2510 27 comet comet NN 39142 2510 28 of of IN 39142 2510 29 1843 1843 CD 39142 2510 30 . . . 39142 2511 1 As as IN 39142 2511 2 these these DT 39142 2511 3 comets comet NNS 39142 2511 4 are be VBP 39142 2511 5 fellow fellow JJ 39142 2511 6 voyagers voyager NNS 39142 2511 7 through through IN 39142 2511 8 space space NN 39142 2511 9 along along IN 39142 2511 10 the the DT 39142 2511 11 same same JJ 39142 2511 12 orbit orbit NN 39142 2511 13 , , , 39142 2511 14 probably probably RB 39142 2511 15 all all DT 39142 2511 16 five five CD 39142 2511 17 members member NNS 39142 2511 18 of of IN 39142 2511 19 the the DT 39142 2511 20 family family NN 39142 2511 21 , , , 39142 2511 22 with with IN 39142 2511 23 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2511 24 others other NNS 39142 2511 25 , , , 39142 2511 26 were be VBD 39142 2511 27 originally originally RB 39142 2511 28 a a DT 39142 2511 29 single single JJ 39142 2511 30 comet comet NN 39142 2511 31 of of IN 39142 2511 32 unparalleled unparalleled JJ 39142 2511 33 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2511 34 . . . 39142 2512 1 The the DT 39142 2512 2 Brooks Brooks NNP 39142 2512 3 comet comet NN 39142 2512 4 of of IN 39142 2512 5 1890 1890 CD 39142 2512 6 affords afford VBZ 39142 2512 7 another another DT 39142 2512 8 instance instance NN 39142 2512 9 of of IN 39142 2512 10 fragmentary fragmentary JJ 39142 2512 11 nucleus nucleus NN 39142 2512 12 . . . 39142 2513 1 The the DT 39142 2513 2 oft oft RB 39142 2513 3 - - HYPH 39142 2513 4 repeated repeat VBN 39142 2513 5 action action NN 39142 2513 6 of of IN 39142 2513 7 solar solar JJ 39142 2513 8 forces force NNS 39142 2513 9 tending tend VBG 39142 2513 10 to to TO 39142 2513 11 disrupt disrupt VB 39142 2513 12 the the DT 39142 2513 13 mass mass NN 39142 2513 14 of of IN 39142 2513 15 a a DT 39142 2513 16 comet comet NN 39142 2513 17 more more RBR 39142 2513 18 and and CC 39142 2513 19 more more RBR 39142 2513 20 , , , 39142 2513 21 and and CC 39142 2513 22 scatter scatter VB 39142 2513 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2513 24 material material NN 39142 2513 25 throughout throughout IN 39142 2513 26 space space NN 39142 2513 27 , , , 39142 2513 28 the the DT 39142 2513 29 secular secular JJ 39142 2513 30 dismemberment dismemberment NN 39142 2513 31 of of IN 39142 2513 32 all all DT 39142 2513 33 comets comet NNS 39142 2513 34 becomes become VBZ 39142 2513 35 an an DT 39142 2513 36 obvious obvious JJ 39142 2513 37 conclusion conclusion NN 39142 2513 38 . . . 39142 2514 1 During during IN 39142 2514 2 the the DT 39142 2514 3 hundreds hundred NNS 39142 2514 4 of of IN 39142 2514 5 millions million NNS 39142 2514 6 of of IN 39142 2514 7 years year NNS 39142 2514 8 that that IN 39142 2514 9 these these DT 39142 2514 10 forces force NNS 39142 2514 11 are be VBP 39142 2514 12 known know VBN 39142 2514 13 to to TO 39142 2514 14 have have VB 39142 2514 15 been be VBN 39142 2514 16 operant operant JJ 39142 2514 17 , , , 39142 2514 18 the the DT 39142 2514 19 original original JJ 39142 2514 20 comets comet NNS 39142 2514 21 have have VBP 39142 2514 22 been be VBN 39142 2514 23 broken break VBN 39142 2514 24 up up RP 39142 2514 25 in in IN 39142 2514 26 great great JJ 39142 2514 27 numbers number NNS 39142 2514 28 , , , 39142 2514 29 so so IN 39142 2514 30 that that IN 39142 2514 31 elliptical elliptical JJ 39142 2514 32 rings ring NNS 39142 2514 33 of of IN 39142 2514 34 opaque opaque JJ 39142 2514 35 meteoric meteoric JJ 39142 2514 36 bodies body NNS 39142 2514 37 now now RB 39142 2514 38 travel travel VBP 39142 2514 39 round round IN 39142 2514 40 the the DT 39142 2514 41 sun sun NN 39142 2514 42 in in IN 39142 2514 43 place place NN 39142 2514 44 of of IN 39142 2514 45 the the DT 39142 2514 46 comets comet NNS 39142 2514 47 . . . 39142 2515 1 These these DT 39142 2515 2 bodies body NNS 39142 2515 3 in in IN 39142 2515 4 vast vast JJ 39142 2515 5 numbers number NNS 39142 2515 6 are be VBP 39142 2515 7 everywhere everywhere RB 39142 2515 8 through through IN 39142 2515 9 space space NN 39142 2515 10 , , , 39142 2515 11 each each DT 39142 2515 12 too too RB 39142 2515 13 small small JJ 39142 2515 14 to to TO 39142 2515 15 reflect reflect VB 39142 2515 16 an an DT 39142 2515 17 appreciable appreciable JJ 39142 2515 18 amount amount NN 39142 2515 19 of of IN 39142 2515 20 sunlight sunlight NN 39142 2515 21 , , , 39142 2515 22 and and CC 39142 2515 23 becoming become VBG 39142 2515 24 visible visible JJ 39142 2515 25 only only RB 39142 2515 26 when when WRB 39142 2515 27 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2515 28 come come VBP 39142 2515 29 into into IN 39142 2515 30 collision collision NN 39142 2515 31 with with IN 39142 2515 32 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2515 33 outer outer JJ 39142 2515 34 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2515 35 . . . 39142 2516 1 The the DT 39142 2516 2 practical practical JJ 39142 2516 3 identity identity NN 39142 2516 4 of of IN 39142 2516 5 several several JJ 39142 2516 6 such such JJ 39142 2516 7 meteor meteor JJ 39142 2516 8 streams stream NNS 39142 2516 9 and and CC 39142 2516 10 cometary cometary NN 39142 2516 11 orbits orbit NNS 39142 2516 12 has have VBZ 39142 2516 13 already already RB 39142 2516 14 been be VBN 39142 2516 15 established establish VBN 39142 2516 16 , , , 39142 2516 17 and and CC 39142 2516 18 there there EX 39142 2516 19 is be VBZ 39142 2516 20 every every DT 39142 2516 21 reason reason NN 39142 2516 22 for for IN 39142 2516 23 assigning assign VBG 39142 2516 24 a a DT 39142 2516 25 similar similar JJ 39142 2516 26 origin origin NN 39142 2516 27 to to IN 39142 2516 28 all all DT 39142 2516 29 meteoric meteoric JJ 39142 2516 30 bodies body NNS 39142 2516 31 . . . 39142 2517 1 Meteors meteor NNS 39142 2517 2 , , , 39142 2517 3 then then RB 39142 2517 4 , , , 39142 2517 5 were be VBD 39142 2517 6 originally originally RB 39142 2517 7 parts part NNS 39142 2517 8 of of IN 39142 2517 9 comets comet NNS 39142 2517 10 , , , 39142 2517 11 which which WDT 39142 2517 12 have have VBP 39142 2517 13 trailed trail VBN 39142 2517 14 themselves -PRON- PRP 39142 2517 15 out out RP 39142 2517 16 to to IN 39142 2517 17 such such JJ 39142 2517 18 extent extent NN 39142 2517 19 that that IN 39142 2517 20 particles particle NNS 39142 2517 21 of of IN 39142 2517 22 the the DT 39142 2517 23 primal primal JJ 39142 2517 24 masses masse NNS 39142 2517 25 are be VBP 39142 2517 26 liable liable JJ 39142 2517 27 to to TO 39142 2517 28 be be VB 39142 2517 29 picked pick VBN 39142 2517 30 up up RP 39142 2517 31 anywhere anywhere RB 39142 2517 32 along along IN 39142 2517 33 the the DT 39142 2517 34 original original JJ 39142 2517 35 cometary cometary JJ 39142 2517 36 paths path NNS 39142 2517 37 . . . 39142 2518 1 The the DT 39142 2518 2 historic historic JJ 39142 2518 3 records record NNS 39142 2518 4 of of IN 39142 2518 5 all all DT 39142 2518 6 countries country NNS 39142 2518 7 contain contain VBP 39142 2518 8 trustworthy trustworthy JJ 39142 2518 9 accounts account NNS 39142 2518 10 of of IN 39142 2518 11 meteoric meteoric JJ 39142 2518 12 showers shower NNS 39142 2518 13 . . . 39142 2519 1 Making make VBG 39142 2519 2 due due JJ 39142 2519 3 allowances allowance NNS 39142 2519 4 for for IN 39142 2519 5 the the DT 39142 2519 6 flowery flowery JJ 39142 2519 7 imagery imagery NN 39142 2519 8 of of IN 39142 2519 9 the the DT 39142 2519 10 oriental oriental JJ 39142 2519 11 , , , 39142 2519 12 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2519 13 is be VBZ 39142 2519 14 evident evident JJ 39142 2519 15 that that IN 39142 2519 16 all all DT 39142 2519 17 have have VB 39142 2519 18 at at IN 39142 2519 19 one one CD 39142 2519 20 time time NN 39142 2519 21 or or CC 39142 2519 22 another another DT 39142 2519 23 seen see VBN 39142 2519 24 much much RB 39142 2519 25 the the DT 39142 2519 26 same same JJ 39142 2519 27 thing thing NN 39142 2519 28 . . . 39142 2520 1 In in IN 39142 2520 2 A. a. NN 39142 2520 3 D. D. NNP 39142 2520 4 472 472 CD 39142 2520 5 , , , 39142 2520 6 for for IN 39142 2520 7 instance instance NN 39142 2520 8 , , , 39142 2520 9 the the DT 39142 2520 10 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 39142 2520 11 sky sky NN 39142 2520 12 was be VBD 39142 2520 13 reported report VBN 39142 2520 14 alive alive JJ 39142 2520 15 with with IN 39142 2520 16 flying fly VBG 39142 2520 17 stars star NNS 39142 2520 18 . . . 39142 2521 1 In in IN 39142 2521 2 October October NNP 39142 2521 3 , , , 39142 2521 4 1202 1202 CD 39142 2521 5 , , , 39142 2521 6 " " `` 39142 2521 7 stars star NNS 39142 2521 8 appeared appear VBD 39142 2521 9 like like IN 39142 2521 10 waves wave NNS 39142 2521 11 upon upon IN 39142 2521 12 the the DT 39142 2521 13 sky sky NN 39142 2521 14 ; ; : 39142 2521 15 and and CC 39142 2521 16 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2521 17 flew fly VBD 39142 2521 18 about about IN 39142 2521 19 like like IN 39142 2521 20 grasshoppers grasshopper NNS 39142 2521 21 . . . 39142 2521 22 " " '' 39142 2522 1 During during IN 39142 2522 2 the the DT 39142 2522 3 reign reign NN 39142 2522 4 of of IN 39142 2522 5 King King NNP 39142 2522 6 William William NNP 39142 2522 7 II II NNP 39142 2522 8 occurred occur VBD 39142 2522 9 a a DT 39142 2522 10 very very RB 39142 2522 11 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 2522 12 shower shower NN 39142 2522 13 in in IN 39142 2522 14 which which WDT 39142 2522 15 " " `` 39142 2522 16 stars star NNS 39142 2522 17 seemed seem VBD 39142 2522 18 to to TO 39142 2522 19 fall fall VB 39142 2522 20 like like IN 39142 2522 21 rain rain NN 39142 2522 22 from from IN 39142 2522 23 heaven heaven NNP 39142 2522 24 . . . 39142 2522 25 " " '' 39142 2523 1 But but CC 39142 2523 2 the the DT 39142 2523 3 showers shower NNS 39142 2523 4 of of IN 39142 2523 5 November November NNP 39142 2523 6 , , , 39142 2523 7 1799 1799 CD 39142 2523 8 and and CC 39142 2523 9 1833 1833 CD 39142 2523 10 , , , 39142 2523 11 are be VBP 39142 2523 12 easily easily RB 39142 2523 13 the the DT 39142 2523 14 most most RBS 39142 2523 15 striking striking JJ 39142 2523 16 of of IN 39142 2523 17 all all DT 39142 2523 18 . . . 39142 2524 1 The the DT 39142 2524 2 sky sky NN 39142 2524 3 was be VBD 39142 2524 4 filled fill VBN 39142 2524 5 with with IN 39142 2524 6 innumerable innumerable JJ 39142 2524 7 fiery fiery JJ 39142 2524 8 trails trail NNS 39142 2524 9 and and CC 39142 2524 10 there there EX 39142 2524 11 was be VBD 39142 2524 12 not not RB 39142 2524 13 a a DT 39142 2524 14 space space NN 39142 2524 15 in in IN 39142 2524 16 the the DT 39142 2524 17 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 2524 18 a a DT 39142 2524 19 few few JJ 39142 2524 20 times time NNS 39142 2524 21 the the DT 39142 2524 22 size size NN 39142 2524 23 of of IN 39142 2524 24 the the DT 39142 2524 25 moon moon NN 39142 2524 26 that that WDT 39142 2524 27 was be VBD 39142 2524 28 not not RB 39142 2524 29 ablaze ablaze JJ 39142 2524 30 with with IN 39142 2524 31 celestial celestial JJ 39142 2524 32 fireworks firework NNS 39142 2524 33 . . . 39142 2525 1 Frequently frequently RB 39142 2525 2 huge huge JJ 39142 2525 3 meteors meteor NNS 39142 2525 4 blended blend VBD 39142 2525 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2525 6 dazzling dazzling JJ 39142 2525 7 brilliancy brilliancy NN 39142 2525 8 with with IN 39142 2525 9 the the DT 39142 2525 10 long long JJ 39142 2525 11 and and CC 39142 2525 12 seemingly seemingly RB 39142 2525 13 phosphorescent phosphorescent JJ 39142 2525 14 trails trail NNS 39142 2525 15 of of IN 39142 2525 16 the the DT 39142 2525 17 shooting shooting NN 39142 2525 18 stars star NNS 39142 2525 19 . . . 39142 2526 1 The the DT 39142 2526 2 interval interval NN 39142 2526 3 of of IN 39142 2526 4 thirty thirty CD 39142 2526 5 - - HYPH 39142 2526 6 four four CD 39142 2526 7 years year NNS 39142 2526 8 between between IN 39142 2526 9 1799 1799 CD 39142 2526 10 and and CC 39142 2526 11 1833 1833 CD 39142 2526 12 appeared appear VBD 39142 2526 13 to to TO 39142 2526 14 indicate indicate VB 39142 2526 15 the the DT 39142 2526 16 possibility possibility NN 39142 2526 17 of of IN 39142 2526 18 a a DT 39142 2526 19 return return NN 39142 2526 20 of of IN 39142 2526 21 the the DT 39142 2526 22 shower shower NN 39142 2526 23 in in IN 39142 2526 24 November November NNP 39142 2526 25 of of IN 39142 2526 26 1866 1866 CD 39142 2526 27 or or CC 39142 2526 28 1867 1867 CD 39142 2526 29 , , , 39142 2526 30 and and CC 39142 2526 31 all all PDT 39142 2526 32 the the DT 39142 2526 33 people people NNS 39142 2526 34 of of IN 39142 2526 35 that that DT 39142 2526 36 day day NN 39142 2526 37 were be VBD 39142 2526 38 aroused arouse VBN 39142 2526 39 on on IN 39142 2526 40 this this DT 39142 2526 41 subject subject NN 39142 2526 42 and and CC 39142 2526 43 made make VBD 39142 2526 44 every every DT 39142 2526 45 preparation preparation NN 39142 2526 46 to to TO 39142 2526 47 witness witness VB 39142 2526 48 the the DT 39142 2526 49 spectacle spectacle NN 39142 2526 50 . . . 39142 2527 1 Extemporized extemporize VBN 39142 2527 2 observatories observatory NNS 39142 2527 3 were be VBD 39142 2527 4 established establish VBN 39142 2527 5 , , , 39142 2527 6 watchmen watchmen NNP 39142 2527 7 were be VBD 39142 2527 8 everywhere everywhere RB 39142 2527 9 on on IN 39142 2527 10 the the DT 39142 2527 11 lookout lookout NN 39142 2527 12 , , , 39142 2527 13 and and CC 39142 2527 14 bells bell NNS 39142 2527 15 were be VBD 39142 2527 16 to to TO 39142 2527 17 be be VB 39142 2527 18 rung ring VBN 39142 2527 19 the the DT 39142 2527 20 minute minute NN 39142 2527 21 the the DT 39142 2527 22 shower shower NN 39142 2527 23 began begin VBD 39142 2527 24 . . . 39142 2528 1 The the DT 39142 2528 2 newspapers newspaper NNS 39142 2528 3 of of IN 39142 2528 4 the the DT 39142 2528 5 day day NN 39142 2528 6 did do VBD 39142 2528 7 little little JJ 39142 2528 8 to to TO 39142 2528 9 allay allay VB 39142 2528 10 the the DT 39142 2528 11 fears fear NNS 39142 2528 12 of of IN 39142 2528 13 the the DT 39142 2528 14 multitude multitude NN 39142 2528 15 , , , 39142 2528 16 but but CC 39142 2528 17 the the DT 39142 2528 18 critical critical JJ 39142 2528 19 days day NNS 39142 2528 20 of of IN 39142 2528 21 November November NNP 39142 2528 22 , , , 39142 2528 23 1866 1866 CD 39142 2528 24 , , , 39142 2528 25 passed pass VBN 39142 2528 26 with with IN 39142 2528 27 disappointment disappointment NN 39142 2528 28 in in IN 39142 2528 29 America America NNP 39142 2528 30 . . . 39142 2529 1 In in IN 39142 2529 2 Europe Europe NNP 39142 2529 3 , , , 39142 2529 4 however however RB 39142 2529 5 , , , 39142 2529 6 a a DT 39142 2529 7 fine fine JJ 39142 2529 8 shower shower NN 39142 2529 9 was be VBD 39142 2529 10 seen see VBN 39142 2529 11 , , , 39142 2529 12 though though IN 39142 2529 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2529 14 was be VBD 39142 2529 15 not not RB 39142 2529 16 equal equal JJ 39142 2529 17 to to IN 39142 2529 18 that that DT 39142 2529 19 of of IN 39142 2529 20 1833 1833 CD 39142 2529 21 . . . 39142 2530 1 The the DT 39142 2530 2 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2530 3 at at IN 39142 2530 4 Greenwich Greenwich NNP 39142 2530 5 counted count VBD 39142 2530 6 many many JJ 39142 2530 7 thousand thousand CD 39142 2530 8 meteors meteor NNS 39142 2530 9 . . . 39142 2531 1 In in IN 39142 2531 2 November November NNP 39142 2531 3 of of IN 39142 2531 4 1867 1867 CD 39142 2531 5 , , , 39142 2531 6 however however RB 39142 2531 7 , , , 39142 2531 8 American american JJ 39142 2531 9 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2531 10 were be VBD 39142 2531 11 gratified gratify VBN 39142 2531 12 by by IN 39142 2531 13 a a DT 39142 2531 14 grand grand JJ 39142 2531 15 display display NN 39142 2531 16 , , , 39142 2531 17 which which WDT 39142 2531 18 , , , 39142 2531 19 although although IN 39142 2531 20 failing fail VBG 39142 2531 21 to to TO 39142 2531 22 match match VB 39142 2531 23 the the DT 39142 2531 24 general general JJ 39142 2531 25 expectation expectation NN 39142 2531 26 , , , 39142 2531 27 nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 2531 28 was be VBD 39142 2531 29 a a DT 39142 2531 30 most most RBS 39142 2531 31 striking striking JJ 39142 2531 32 spectacle spectacle NN 39142 2531 33 , , , 39142 2531 34 and and CC 39142 2531 35 the the DT 39142 2531 36 careful careful JJ 39142 2531 37 preparation preparation NN 39142 2531 38 for for IN 39142 2531 39 observing observe VBG 39142 2531 40 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2531 41 afforded afford VBD 39142 2531 42 data datum NNS 39142 2531 43 of of IN 39142 2531 44 observation observation NN 39142 2531 45 which which WDT 39142 2531 46 were be VBD 39142 2531 47 of of IN 39142 2531 48 the the DT 39142 2531 49 greatest great JJS 39142 2531 50 scientific scientific JJ 39142 2531 51 value value NN 39142 2531 52 . . . 39142 2532 1 The the DT 39142 2532 2 actual actual JJ 39142 2532 3 orbits orbit NNS 39142 2532 4 of of IN 39142 2532 5 these these DT 39142 2532 6 bodies body NNS 39142 2532 7 in in IN 39142 2532 8 space space NN 39142 2532 9 became become VBD 39142 2532 10 known know VBN 39142 2532 11 with with IN 39142 2532 12 great great JJ 39142 2532 13 exactitude exactitude NN 39142 2532 14 , , , 39142 2532 15 and and CC 39142 2532 16 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2532 17 was be VBD 39142 2532 18 found find VBN 39142 2532 19 that that IN 39142 2532 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2532 21 general general JJ 39142 2532 22 path path NN 39142 2532 23 was be VBD 39142 2532 24 identical identical JJ 39142 2532 25 with with IN 39142 2532 26 that that DT 39142 2532 27 of of IN 39142 2532 28 the the DT 39142 2532 29 first first JJ 39142 2532 30 comet comet NN 39142 2532 31 of of IN 39142 2532 32 1866 1866 CD 39142 2532 33 , , , 39142 2532 34 which which WDT 39142 2532 35 travels travel VBZ 39142 2532 36 outward outward RB 39142 2532 37 somewhat somewhat RB 39142 2532 38 beyond beyond IN 39142 2532 39 the the DT 39142 2532 40 planet planet NN 39142 2532 41 Uranus uranus NN 39142 2532 42 . . . 39142 2533 1 When when WRB 39142 2533 2 the the DT 39142 2533 3 visible visible JJ 39142 2533 4 paths path NNS 39142 2533 5 of of IN 39142 2533 6 these these DT 39142 2533 7 meteors meteor NNS 39142 2533 8 are be VBP 39142 2533 9 traced trace VBN 39142 2533 10 backward backward RB 39142 2533 11 , , , 39142 2533 12 all all RB 39142 2533 13 appear appear VBP 39142 2533 14 as as IN 39142 2533 15 if if IN 39142 2533 16 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2533 17 originated originate VBD 39142 2533 18 from from IN 39142 2533 19 the the DT 39142 2533 20 constellation constellation NN 39142 2533 21 Leo Leo NNP 39142 2533 22 . . . 39142 2534 1 So so RB 39142 2534 2 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2534 3 are be VBP 39142 2534 4 known know VBN 39142 2534 5 as as IN 39142 2534 6 Leonids Leonids NNP 39142 2534 7 , , , 39142 2534 8 and and CC 39142 2534 9 a a DT 39142 2534 10 return return NN 39142 2534 11 of of IN 39142 2534 12 the the DT 39142 2534 13 shower shower NN 39142 2534 14 was be VBD 39142 2534 15 confidently confidently RB 39142 2534 16 predicted predict VBN 39142 2534 17 for for IN 39142 2534 18 November November NNP 39142 2534 19 , , , 39142 2534 20 1900 1900 CD 39142 2534 21 - - SYM 39142 2534 22 1901 1901 CD 39142 2534 23 , , , 39142 2534 24 which which WDT 39142 2534 25 for for IN 39142 2534 26 unknown unknown JJ 39142 2534 27 reasons reason NNS 39142 2534 28 failed fail VBD 39142 2534 29 to to TO 39142 2534 30 appear appear VB 39142 2534 31 . . . 39142 2535 1 [ [ -LRB- 39142 2535 2 Illustration illustration NN 39142 2535 3 : : : 39142 2535 4 TWO two CD 39142 2535 5 VIEWS view NNS 39142 2535 6 OF of IN 39142 2535 7 HALLEY HALLEY NNP 39142 2535 8 'S 'S NNP 39142 2535 9 COMET COMET NNS 39142 2535 10 . . . 39142 2536 1 Taken take VBN 39142 2536 2 with with IN 39142 2536 3 the the DT 39142 2536 4 same same JJ 39142 2536 5 camera camera NN 39142 2536 6 from from IN 39142 2536 7 the the DT 39142 2536 8 same same JJ 39142 2536 9 position position NN 39142 2536 10 , , , 39142 2536 11 one one CD 39142 2536 12 on on IN 39142 2536 13 May May NNP 39142 2536 14 12 12 CD 39142 2536 15 , , , 39142 2536 16 and and CC 39142 2536 17 the the DT 39142 2536 18 other other JJ 39142 2536 19 on on IN 39142 2536 20 May May NNP 39142 2536 21 15 15 CD 39142 2536 22 , , , 39142 2536 23 1910 1910 CD 39142 2536 24 . . . 39142 2537 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2537 2 _ _ NNP 39142 2537 3 Photo Photo NNP 39142 2537 4 , , , 39142 2537 5 Mt. Mount NNP 39142 2538 1 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 2538 2 Solar Solar NNP 39142 2538 3 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 2538 4 . . . 39142 2538 5 _ _ NNP 39142 2538 6 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2538 7 ] ] -RRB- 39142 2538 8 [ [ -LRB- 39142 2538 9 Illustration illustration NN 39142 2538 10 : : : 39142 2538 11 SWIFT SWIFT NNP 39142 2538 12 'S 's POS 39142 2538 13 COMET COMET NNS 39142 2538 14 OF of IN 39142 2538 15 1892 1892 CD 39142 2538 16 . . . 39142 2539 1 This this DT 39142 2539 2 comet comet NN 39142 2539 3 showed show VBD 39142 2539 4 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 39142 2539 5 and and CC 39142 2539 6 rapid rapid JJ 39142 2539 7 transformations transformation NNS 39142 2539 8 , , , 39142 2539 9 one one CD 39142 2539 10 day day NN 39142 2539 11 having have VBG 39142 2539 12 a a DT 39142 2539 13 dozen dozen NN 39142 2539 14 streamers streamer NNS 39142 2539 15 in in IN 39142 2539 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2539 17 tail tail NN 39142 2539 18 , , , 39142 2539 19 another another DT 39142 2539 20 only only JJ 39142 2539 21 two two CD 39142 2539 22 . . . 39142 2540 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2540 2 _ _ NNP 39142 2540 3 Photo Photo NNP 39142 2540 4 by by IN 39142 2540 5 Prof. Prof. NNP 39142 2540 6 E. E. NNP 39142 2540 7 E. E. NNP 39142 2540 8 Barnard Barnard NNP 39142 2540 9 . . . 39142 2540 10 _ _ NNP 39142 2540 11 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2540 12 ] ] -RRB- 39142 2540 13 [ [ -LRB- 39142 2540 14 Illustration illustration NN 39142 2540 15 : : : 39142 2540 16 A a DT 39142 2540 17 LARGE large JJ 39142 2540 18 METEOR meteor JJ 39142 2540 19 TRAIL trail NN 39142 2540 20 IN in IN 39142 2540 21 THE the DT 39142 2540 22 FIELD field NN 39142 2540 23 WITH with IN 39142 2540 24 FINE fine JJ 39142 2540 25 NEBULÆ nebulæ NN 39142 2540 26 . . . 39142 2541 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2541 2 _ _ NNP 39142 2541 3 Photo Photo NNP 39142 2541 4 , , , 39142 2541 5 Yerkes Yerkes NNP 39142 2541 6 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 2541 7 . . . 39142 2541 8 _ _ NNP 39142 2541 9 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2541 10 ] ] -RRB- 39142 2541 11 During during IN 39142 2541 12 the the DT 39142 2541 13 last last JJ 39142 2541 14 half half JJ 39142 2541 15 century century NN 39142 2541 16 meteors meteor NNS 39142 2541 17 have have VBP 39142 2541 18 been be VBN 39142 2541 19 pretty pretty RB 39142 2541 20 systematically systematically RB 39142 2541 21 observed observe VBN 39142 2541 22 , , , 39142 2541 23 especially especially RB 39142 2541 24 by by IN 39142 2541 25 the the DT 39142 2541 26 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2541 27 of of IN 39142 2541 28 Italy Italy NNP 39142 2541 29 and and CC 39142 2541 30 Denning Denning NNP 39142 2541 31 of of IN 39142 2541 32 England England NNP 39142 2541 33 , , , 39142 2541 34 so so IN 39142 2541 35 that that IN 39142 2541 36 several several JJ 39142 2541 37 hundred hundred CD 39142 2541 38 distinct distinct JJ 39142 2541 39 showers shower NNS 39142 2541 40 are be VBP 39142 2541 41 now now RB 39142 2541 42 known know VBN 39142 2541 43 , , , 39142 2541 44 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2541 45 radiant radiant JJ 39142 2541 46 points point NNS 39142 2541 47 fall fall VBP 39142 2541 48 in in IN 39142 2541 49 every every DT 39142 2541 50 part part NN 39142 2541 51 of of IN 39142 2541 52 the the DT 39142 2541 53 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 2541 54 , , , 39142 2541 55 and and CC 39142 2541 56 there there EX 39142 2541 57 is be VBZ 39142 2541 58 scarcely scarcely RB 39142 2541 59 a a DT 39142 2541 60 clear clear JJ 39142 2541 61 moonless moonless JJ 39142 2541 62 night night NN 39142 2541 63 when when WRB 39142 2541 64 careful careful JJ 39142 2541 65 watching watch VBG 39142 2541 66 for for IN 39142 2541 67 meteors meteor NNS 39142 2541 68 will will MD 39142 2541 69 be be VB 39142 2541 70 unrewarded unrewarde VBN 39142 2541 71 . . . 39142 2542 1 Besides besides IN 39142 2542 2 November November NNP 39142 2542 3 , , , 39142 2542 4 the the DT 39142 2542 5 months month NNS 39142 2542 6 of of IN 39142 2542 7 August August NNP 39142 2542 8 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2542 9 Perseids Perseids NNP 39142 2542 10 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2542 11 , , , 39142 2542 12 April April NNP 39142 2542 13 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2542 14 Lyrids Lyrids NNP 39142 2542 15 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2542 16 , , , 39142 2542 17 and and CC 39142 2542 18 December December NNP 39142 2542 19 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2542 20 Geminids Geminids NNP 39142 2542 21 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2542 22 are be VBP 39142 2542 23 favorable favorable JJ 39142 2542 24 . . . 39142 2543 1 Following follow VBG 39142 2543 2 in in IN 39142 2543 3 tabular tabular JJ 39142 2543 4 form form NN 39142 2543 5 is be VBZ 39142 2543 6 a a DT 39142 2543 7 fairly fairly RB 39142 2543 8 comprehensive comprehensive JJ 39142 2543 9 list list NN 39142 2543 10 of of IN 39142 2543 11 the the DT 39142 2543 12 meteoric meteoric JJ 39142 2543 13 showers shower NNS 39142 2543 14 of of IN 39142 2543 15 the the DT 39142 2543 16 year year NN 39142 2543 17 , , , 39142 2543 18 with with IN 39142 2543 19 the the DT 39142 2543 20 positions position NNS 39142 2543 21 of of IN 39142 2543 22 the the DT 39142 2543 23 radiant radiant JJ 39142 2543 24 points point NNS 39142 2543 25 and and CC 39142 2543 26 the the DT 39142 2543 27 epochs epoch NNS 39142 2543 28 of of IN 39142 2543 29 the the DT 39142 2543 30 showers shower NNS 39142 2543 31 according accord VBG 39142 2543 32 to to IN 39142 2543 33 Denning den VBG 39142 2543 34 : : : 39142 2543 35 RADIANT RADIANT NNP 39142 2543 36 POINT POINT NNS 39142 2543 37 = = SYM 39142 2543 38 = = SYM 39142 2543 39 = = SYM 39142 2543 40 = = SYM 39142 2543 41 = = SYM 39142 2543 42 = = SYM 39142 2543 43 = = SYM 39142 2543 44 = = SYM 39142 2543 45 = = SYM 39142 2543 46 = = SYM 39142 2543 47 = = SYM 39142 2543 48 = = SYM 39142 2543 49 = = SYM 39142 2543 50 = = SYM 39142 2543 51 = = SYM 39142 2543 52 = = SYM 39142 2543 53 = = SYM 39142 2543 54 = = SYM 39142 2543 55 = = SYM 39142 2543 56 = = SYM 39142 2543 57 = = SYM 39142 2543 58 = = SYM 39142 2543 59 = = SYM 39142 2543 60 = = SYM 39142 2543 61 = = SYM 39142 2543 62 = = SYM 39142 2543 63 = = SYM 39142 2543 64 = = SYM 39142 2543 65 = = SYM 39142 2543 66 = = SYM 39142 2543 67 = = SYM 39142 2543 68 = = SYM 39142 2543 69 = = SYM 39142 2543 70 = = SYM 39142 2543 71 = = SYM 39142 2543 72 = = SYM 39142 2543 73 = = SYM 39142 2543 74 = = SYM 39142 2543 75 = = SYM 39142 2543 76 = = SYM 39142 2543 77 = = SYM 39142 2543 78 = = SYM 39142 2543 79 = = SYM 39142 2543 80 = = SYM 39142 2543 81 = = SYM 39142 2543 82 = = SYM 39142 2543 83 = = SYM 39142 2543 84 = = SYM 39142 2543 85 = = SYM 39142 2543 86 = = SYM 39142 2543 87 = = SYM 39142 2543 88 = = SYM 39142 2543 89 = = SYM 39142 2543 90 = = SYM 39142 2543 91 = = SYM 39142 2543 92 = = SYM 39142 2543 93 = = SYM 39142 2543 94 = = SYM 39142 2543 95 = = NFP 39142 2543 96 = = NFP 39142 2543 97 Name name NN 39142 2543 98 of of IN 39142 2543 99 Shower Shower NNP 39142 2543 100 | | NNP 39142 2543 101 R. R. NNP 39142 2543 102 A. a. NN 39142 2544 1 | | NNP 39142 2544 2 Decl Decl NNP 39142 2544 3 . . . 39142 2545 1 | | NNP 39142 2545 2 Date Date NNP 39142 2545 3 of of IN 39142 2545 4 Shower Shower NNP 39142 2545 5 -----------------------+---------+--------+----------------- -----------------------+---------+--------+----------------- NNP 39142 2545 6 Quadrantids Quadrantids NNP 39142 2545 7 | | NNP 39142 2545 8 230 230 CD 39142 2545 9 ° ° , 39142 2545 10 | | NNP 39142 2545 11 +53 +53 NNS 39142 2545 12 ° ° , 39142 2545 13 | | NNP 39142 2545 14 Jan. January NNP 39142 2545 15 2 2 CD 39142 2545 16 - - SYM 39142 2545 17 4 4 CD 39142 2545 18 Zeta Zeta NNP 39142 2545 19 Cepheids Cepheids NNPS 39142 2545 20 | | NNP 39142 2545 21 331 331 CD 39142 2545 22 ° ° , 39142 2545 23 | | CD 39142 2545 24 +56 +56 NNS 39142 2545 25 ° ° , 39142 2545 26 | | NNP 39142 2545 27 Jan. January NNP 39142 2545 28 25 25 CD 39142 2545 29 Alpha Alpha NNP 39142 2545 30 Leonids Leonids NNPS 39142 2545 31 | | NNP 39142 2545 32 155 155 CD 39142 2545 33 ° ° , 39142 2545 34 | | CD 39142 2545 35 +14 +14 CD 39142 2545 36 ° ° , 39142 2545 37 | | NNP 39142 2545 38 Feb. February NNP 39142 2545 39 19-March 19-march CD 39142 2545 40 1 1 CD 39142 2545 41 Tau Tau NNP 39142 2545 42 Leonids Leonids NNPS 39142 2545 43 | | NNP 39142 2545 44 166 166 CD 39142 2545 45 ° ° , 39142 2545 46 | | CD 39142 2545 47 +4 +4 JJ 39142 2545 48 ° ° , 39142 2545 49 | | NNP 39142 2545 50 March March NNP 39142 2545 51 1 1 CD 39142 2545 52 - - SYM 39142 2545 53 4 4 CD 39142 2545 54 Beta Beta NNP 39142 2545 55 Ursids Ursids NNPS 39142 2545 56 | | NNP 39142 2545 57 161 161 CD 39142 2545 58 ° ° , 39142 2545 59 | | CD 39142 2545 60 +58 +58 NNS 39142 2545 61 ° ° , 39142 2545 62 | | NNP 39142 2545 63 March March NNP 39142 2545 64 13 13 CD 39142 2545 65 - - SYM 39142 2545 66 24 24 CD 39142 2545 67 Lyrids Lyrids NNPS 39142 2545 68 | | NNP 39142 2545 69 271 271 CD 39142 2545 70 ° ° NNS 39142 2545 71 | | CD 39142 2545 72 +33 +33 CD 39142 2545 73 ° ° , 39142 2545 74 | | NNP 39142 2545 75 April April NNP 39142 2545 76 20 20 CD 39142 2545 77 - - SYM 39142 2545 78 22 22 CD 39142 2545 79 Gamma Gamma NNP 39142 2545 80 Aquarids Aquarids NNP 39142 2545 81 | | NNP 39142 2545 82 338 338 CD 39142 2545 83 ° ° , 39142 2545 84 | | NNP 39142 2545 85 -2 -2 NNP 39142 2545 86 ° ° , 39142 2545 87 | | NNP 39142 2545 88 May May NNP 39142 2545 89 1 1 CD 39142 2545 90 - - SYM 39142 2545 91 6 6 CD 39142 2545 92 Zeta Zeta NNP 39142 2545 93 Herculids Herculids NNPS 39142 2545 94 | | NNP 39142 2545 95 246 246 CD 39142 2545 96 ° ° , 39142 2545 97 | | NNP 39142 2545 98 +29 +29 CD 39142 2545 99 ° ° , 39142 2545 100 | | NNP 39142 2545 101 May May NNP 39142 2545 102 18 18 CD 39142 2545 103 - - SYM 39142 2545 104 26 26 CD 39142 2545 105 Eta Eta NNP 39142 2545 106 Pegasids Pegasids NNPS 39142 2545 107 | | NNP 39142 2545 108 330 330 CD 39142 2545 109 ° ° , 39142 2545 110 | | CD 39142 2545 111 +28 +28 NN 39142 2545 112 ° ° , 39142 2545 113 | | NNP 39142 2545 114 May May NNP 39142 2545 115 30-June 30-june CD 39142 2545 116 4 4 CD 39142 2545 117 Theta Theta NNP 39142 2545 118 Boötids Boötids NNPS 39142 2545 119 | | NNP 39142 2545 120 213 213 CD 39142 2545 121 ° ° , 39142 2545 122 | | CD 39142 2545 123 +53 +53 NNS 39142 2545 124 ° ° , 39142 2545 125 | | NNP 39142 2545 126 June June NNP 39142 2545 127 27 27 CD 39142 2545 128 - - SYM 39142 2545 129 28 28 CD 39142 2545 130 Alpha Alpha NNP 39142 2545 131 Capricornids Capricornids NNPS 39142 2545 132 | | NNP 39142 2545 133 304 304 CD 39142 2545 134 ° ° , 39142 2545 135 | | NNP 39142 2545 136 -12 -12 NNP 39142 2545 137 ° ° , 39142 2545 138 | | NNP 39142 2545 139 July July NNP 39142 2545 140 15 15 CD 39142 2545 141 - - HYPH 39142 2545 142 28 28 CD 39142 2545 143 Delta Delta NNP 39142 2545 144 Aquarids Aquarids NNP 39142 2545 145 | | NNP 39142 2545 146 339 339 CD 39142 2545 147 ° ° , 39142 2545 148 | | NNP 39142 2545 149 -11 -11 NNP 39142 2545 150 ° ° , 39142 2545 151 | | NNP 39142 2545 152 July July NNP 39142 2545 153 25 25 CD 39142 2545 154 - - HYPH 39142 2545 155 30 30 CD 39142 2545 156 Perseids Perseids NNPS 39142 2545 157 | | CD 39142 2545 158 45 45 CD 39142 2545 159 ° ° , 39142 2545 160 | | CD 39142 2545 161 +57 +57 CD 39142 2545 162 ° ° , 39142 2545 163 | | NNP 39142 2545 164 Aug. August NNP 39142 2545 165 10 10 CD 39142 2545 166 - - SYM 39142 2545 167 12 12 CD 39142 2545 168 Omicron Omicron NNP 39142 2545 169 Draconids Draconids NNPS 39142 2545 170 | | NNP 39142 2545 171 291 291 CD 39142 2545 172 ° ° , 39142 2545 173 | | NNP 39142 2545 174 +60 +60 NNP 39142 2545 175 ° ° , 39142 2545 176 | | NNP 39142 2545 177 Aug. August NNP 39142 2545 178 15 15 CD 39142 2545 179 - - SYM 39142 2545 180 25 25 CD 39142 2545 181 Zeta Zeta NNP 39142 2545 182 Draconids Draconids NNPS 39142 2545 183 | | NNP 39142 2545 184 262 262 CD 39142 2545 185 ° ° , 39142 2545 186 | | CD 39142 2545 187 +63 +63 CD 39142 2545 188 ° ° , 39142 2545 189 | | NNP 39142 2545 190 Aug. August NNP 39142 2545 191 21-Sept 21-sept CD 39142 2545 192 . . . 39142 2545 193 2 2 CD 39142 2545 194 Piscids Piscids NNPS 39142 2545 195 | | POS 39142 2545 196 348 348 CD 39142 2545 197 ° ° , 39142 2545 198 | | CD 39142 2545 199 +2 +2 JJ 39142 2545 200 ° ° , 39142 2545 201 | | NNP 39142 2545 202 Sept. September NNP 39142 2545 203 4 4 CD 39142 2545 204 - - SYM 39142 2545 205 14 14 CD 39142 2545 206 Alpha Alpha NNP 39142 2545 207 Andromedids Andromedids NNP 39142 2545 208 | | NNP 39142 2545 209 4 4 CD 39142 2545 210 ° ° , 39142 2545 211 | | CD 39142 2545 212 +28 +28 CD 39142 2545 213 ° ° , 39142 2545 214 | | NNP 39142 2545 215 Sept. September NNP 39142 2545 216 27 27 CD 39142 2545 217 Epsilon Epsilon NNP 39142 2545 218 Arietids Arietids NNP 39142 2545 219 | | NNP 39142 2545 220 40 40 CD 39142 2545 221 ° ° , 39142 2545 222 | | NNP 39142 2545 223 +20 +20 CC 39142 2545 224 ° ° , 39142 2545 225 | | NNP 39142 2545 226 Oct. October NNP 39142 2545 227 11 11 CD 39142 2545 228 - - SYM 39142 2545 229 24 24 CD 39142 2545 230 Orionids Orionids NNPS 39142 2545 231 | | CD 39142 2545 232 92 92 CD 39142 2545 233 ° ° , 39142 2545 234 | | CD 39142 2545 235 +15 +15 NNS 39142 2545 236 ° ° , 39142 2545 237 | | NNP 39142 2545 238 Oct. October NNP 39142 2545 239 17 17 CD 39142 2545 240 - - SYM 39142 2545 241 24 24 CD 39142 2545 242 Epsilon Epsilon NNP 39142 2545 243 Perseids Perseids NNPS 39142 2545 244 | | NNP 39142 2545 245 61 61 CD 39142 2545 246 ° ° , 39142 2545 247 | | NNP 39142 2545 248 +35 +35 JJ 39142 2545 249 ° ° , 39142 2545 250 | | NNP 39142 2545 251 Nov. November NNP 39142 2545 252 5 5 CD 39142 2545 253 Leonids Leonids NNP 39142 2545 254 | | NNP 39142 2545 255 150 150 CD 39142 2545 256 ° ° NNS 39142 2545 257 | | CD 39142 2545 258 +23 +23 NNS 39142 2545 259 ° ° , 39142 2545 260 | | NNP 39142 2545 261 Nov. November NNP 39142 2545 262 13 13 CD 39142 2545 263 - - SYM 39142 2545 264 15 15 CD 39142 2545 265 Epsilon Epsilon NNP 39142 2545 266 Taurids Taurids NNP 39142 2545 267 | | NNP 39142 2545 268 64 64 CD 39142 2545 269 ° ° , 39142 2545 270 | | CD 39142 2545 271 +22 +22 NNS 39142 2545 272 ° ° , 39142 2545 273 | | NNP 39142 2545 274 Nov. November NNP 39142 2545 275 14 14 CD 39142 2545 276 - - SYM 39142 2545 277 25 25 CD 39142 2545 278 Andromedids Andromedids NNP 39142 2545 279 | | CD 39142 2545 280 25 25 CD 39142 2545 281 ° ° , 39142 2545 282 | | NNP 39142 2545 283 +43 +43 CD 39142 2545 284 ° ° , 39142 2545 285 | | NNP 39142 2545 286 Nov. November NNP 39142 2545 287 17 17 CD 39142 2545 288 - - SYM 39142 2545 289 23 23 CD 39142 2545 290 Beta Beta NNP 39142 2545 291 Geminids Geminids NNP 39142 2545 292 | | NNP 39142 2545 293 119 119 CD 39142 2545 294 ° ° , 39142 2545 295 | | CD 39142 2545 296 +31 +31 CD 39142 2545 297 ° ° , 39142 2545 298 | | NNP 39142 2545 299 Dec. December NNP 39142 2545 300 1 1 CD 39142 2545 301 - - SYM 39142 2545 302 12 12 CD 39142 2545 303 Geminids Geminids NNP 39142 2545 304 | | CD 39142 2545 305 108 108 CD 39142 2545 306 ° ° , 39142 2545 307 | | CD 39142 2545 308 +33 +33 CD 39142 2545 309 ° ° , 39142 2545 310 | | NNP 39142 2545 311 Dec. December NNP 39142 2545 312 1 1 CD 39142 2545 313 - - SYM 39142 2545 314 14 14 CD 39142 2545 315 Alpha alpha NN 39142 2545 316 Ursæ Ursæ NNP 39142 2545 317 Majorids Majorids NNPS 39142 2545 318 | | POS 39142 2545 319 161 161 CD 39142 2545 320 ° ° , 39142 2545 321 | | CD 39142 2545 322 +58 +58 NNS 39142 2545 323 ° ° , 39142 2545 324 | | NNP 39142 2545 325 Dec. December NNP 39142 2545 326 18 18 CD 39142 2545 327 - - SYM 39142 2545 328 21 21 CD 39142 2545 329 Kappa Kappa NNP 39142 2545 330 Draconids Draconids NNPS 39142 2545 331 | | NNP 39142 2545 332 194 194 CD 39142 2545 333 ° ° , 39142 2545 334 | | CD 39142 2545 335 +68 +68 CD 39142 2545 336 ° ° , 39142 2545 337 | | NNP 39142 2545 338 Dec. December NNP 39142 2545 339 18 18 CD 39142 2545 340 - - SYM 39142 2545 341 28 28 CD 39142 2545 342 ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------ . 39142 2545 343 The the DT 39142 2545 344 year year NN 39142 2545 345 1916 1916 CD 39142 2545 346 was be VBD 39142 2545 347 exceptional exceptional JJ 39142 2545 348 in in IN 39142 2545 349 providing provide VBG 39142 2545 350 an an DT 39142 2545 351 abundant abundant JJ 39142 2545 352 and and CC 39142 2545 353 previously previously RB 39142 2545 354 unknown unknown JJ 39142 2545 355 shower shower NN 39142 2545 356 on on IN 39142 2545 357 June June NNP 39142 2545 358 28 28 CD 39142 2545 359 , , , 39142 2545 360 and and CC 39142 2545 361 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2545 362 stream stream NN 39142 2545 363 has have VBZ 39142 2545 364 nearly nearly RB 39142 2545 365 the the DT 39142 2545 366 same same JJ 39142 2545 367 orbit orbit NN 39142 2545 368 as as IN 39142 2545 369 that that DT 39142 2545 370 of of IN 39142 2545 371 the the DT 39142 2545 372 Pons Pons NNP 39142 2545 373 - - HYPH 39142 2545 374 Winnecke Winnecke NNP 39142 2545 375 periodic periodic JJ 39142 2545 376 comet comet NN 39142 2545 377 . . . 39142 2546 1 Useful useful JJ 39142 2546 2 observations observation NNS 39142 2546 3 of of IN 39142 2546 4 meteors meteor NNS 39142 2546 5 are be VBP 39142 2546 6 not not RB 39142 2546 7 difficult difficult JJ 39142 2546 8 to to TO 39142 2546 9 make make VB 39142 2546 10 , , , 39142 2546 11 and and CC 39142 2546 12 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2546 13 are be VBP 39142 2546 14 of of IN 39142 2546 15 service service NN 39142 2546 16 to to IN 39142 2546 17 professional professional JJ 39142 2546 18 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2546 19 investigating investigate VBG 39142 2546 20 the the DT 39142 2546 21 orbits orbit NNS 39142 2546 22 of of IN 39142 2546 23 these these DT 39142 2546 24 bodies body NNS 39142 2546 25 , , , 39142 2546 26 among among IN 39142 2546 27 whom whom WP 39142 2546 28 are be VBP 39142 2546 29 Mitchell Mitchell NNP 39142 2546 30 and and CC 39142 2546 31 Olivier Olivier NNP 39142 2546 32 of of IN 39142 2546 33 the the DT 39142 2546 34 University University NNP 39142 2546 35 of of IN 39142 2546 36 Virginia Virginia NNP 39142 2546 37 . . . 39142 2547 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 2547 2 XLIII xliii NN 39142 2547 3 METEORITES METEORITES NNPS 39142 2547 4 Meteorites Meteorites NNPS 39142 2547 5 , , , 39142 2547 6 the the DT 39142 2547 7 name name NN 39142 2547 8 for for IN 39142 2547 9 meteors meteor NNS 39142 2547 10 which which WDT 39142 2547 11 have have VBP 39142 2547 12 actually actually RB 39142 2547 13 gone go VBN 39142 2547 14 all all PDT 39142 2547 15 the the DT 39142 2547 16 way way NN 39142 2547 17 through through IN 39142 2547 18 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2547 19 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2547 20 , , , 39142 2547 21 are be VBP 39142 2547 22 never never RB 39142 2547 23 regular regular JJ 39142 2547 24 in in IN 39142 2547 25 form form NN 39142 2547 26 or or CC 39142 2547 27 spherical spherical JJ 39142 2547 28 . . . 39142 2548 1 As as IN 39142 2548 2 a a DT 39142 2548 3 rule rule NN 39142 2548 4 the the DT 39142 2548 5 iron iron NN 39142 2548 6 meteorites meteorite NNS 39142 2548 7 are be VBP 39142 2548 8 covered cover VBN 39142 2548 9 with with IN 39142 2548 10 pittings pitting NNS 39142 2548 11 or or CC 39142 2548 12 thumb thumb NN 39142 2548 13 marks mark NNS 39142 2548 14 , , , 39142 2548 15 due due JJ 39142 2548 16 probably probably RB 39142 2548 17 to to IN 39142 2548 18 the the DT 39142 2548 19 resistance resistance NN 39142 2548 20 and and CC 39142 2548 21 impact impact NN 39142 2548 22 of of IN 39142 2548 23 the the DT 39142 2548 24 little little JJ 39142 2548 25 columns column NNS 39142 2548 26 of of IN 39142 2548 27 air air NN 39142 2548 28 which which WDT 39142 2548 29 impede impede VBZ 39142 2548 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2548 31 progress progress NN 39142 2548 32 , , , 39142 2548 33 together together RB 39142 2548 34 with with IN 39142 2548 35 the the DT 39142 2548 36 unequal unequal JJ 39142 2548 37 condition condition NN 39142 2548 38 and and CC 39142 2548 39 fusibility fusibility NN 39142 2548 40 of of IN 39142 2548 41 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2548 42 surface surface NN 39142 2548 43 material material NN 39142 2548 44 . . . 39142 2549 1 The the DT 39142 2549 2 work work NN 39142 2549 3 done do VBN 39142 2549 4 by by IN 39142 2549 5 the the DT 39142 2549 6 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2549 7 in in IN 39142 2549 8 suddenly suddenly RB 39142 2549 9 checking check VBG 39142 2549 10 the the DT 39142 2549 11 meteor meteor NN 39142 2549 12 's 's POS 39142 2549 13 velocity velocity NN 39142 2549 14 appears appear VBZ 39142 2549 15 in in IN 39142 2549 16 considerable considerable JJ 39142 2549 17 part part NN 39142 2549 18 as as IN 39142 2549 19 heat heat NN 39142 2549 20 , , , 39142 2549 21 fusing fuse VBG 39142 2549 22 the the DT 39142 2549 23 exterior exterior NN 39142 2549 24 to to TO 39142 2549 25 incandescence incandescence NN 39142 2549 26 . . . 39142 2550 1 This this DT 39142 2550 2 thin thin JJ 39142 2550 3 liquid liquid NN 39142 2550 4 shell shell NN 39142 2550 5 is be VBZ 39142 2550 6 quickly quickly RB 39142 2550 7 brushed brush VBN 39142 2550 8 off off RP 39142 2550 9 , , , 39142 2550 10 making make VBG 39142 2550 11 oftentimes oftentime NNS 39142 2550 12 a a DT 39142 2550 13 luminous luminous JJ 39142 2550 14 train train NN 39142 2550 15 . . . 39142 2551 1 But but CC 39142 2551 2 notwithstanding notwithstanding IN 39142 2551 3 the the DT 39142 2551 4 exceedingly exceedingly RB 39142 2551 5 high high JJ 39142 2551 6 temperature temperature NN 39142 2551 7 of of IN 39142 2551 8 the the DT 39142 2551 9 exterior exterior NN 39142 2551 10 , , , 39142 2551 11 enforced enforce VBN 39142 2551 12 upon upon IN 39142 2551 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2551 14 for for IN 39142 2551 15 the the DT 39142 2551 16 brief brief JJ 39142 2551 17 time time NN 39142 2551 18 of of IN 39142 2551 19 transit transit NN 39142 2551 20 through through IN 39142 2551 21 the the DT 39142 2551 22 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2551 23 , , , 39142 2551 24 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2551 25 is be VBZ 39142 2551 26 probable probable JJ 39142 2551 27 that that IN 39142 2551 28 all all DT 39142 2551 29 large large JJ 39142 2551 30 meteorites meteorite NNS 39142 2551 31 , , , 39142 2551 32 if if IN 39142 2551 33 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2551 34 could could MD 39142 2551 35 be be VB 39142 2551 36 reached reach VBN 39142 2551 37 at at IN 39142 2551 38 once once RB 39142 2551 39 on on IN 39142 2551 40 striking strike VBG 39142 2551 41 the the DT 39142 2551 42 earth earth NN 39142 2551 43 , , , 39142 2551 44 would would MD 39142 2551 45 be be VB 39142 2551 46 found find VBN 39142 2551 47 to to TO 39142 2551 48 be be VB 39142 2551 49 cold cold JJ 39142 2551 50 , , , 39142 2551 51 because because IN 39142 2551 52 the the DT 39142 2551 53 smooth smooth JJ 39142 2551 54 , , , 39142 2551 55 black black JJ 39142 2551 56 , , , 39142 2551 57 varnishlike varnishlike JJ 39142 2551 58 crust crust NN 39142 2551 59 which which WDT 39142 2551 60 always always RB 39142 2551 61 incases incase VBZ 39142 2551 62 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2551 63 as as IN 39142 2551 64 a a DT 39142 2551 65 result result NN 39142 2551 66 of of IN 39142 2551 67 intense intense JJ 39142 2551 68 heat heat NN 39142 2551 69 is be VBZ 39142 2551 70 never never RB 39142 2551 71 thick thick JJ 39142 2551 72 . . . 39142 2552 1 On on IN 39142 2552 2 one one CD 39142 2552 3 occasion occasion NN 39142 2552 4 a a DT 39142 2552 5 meteor meteor NN 39142 2552 6 which which WDT 39142 2552 7 was be VBD 39142 2552 8 seen see VBN 39142 2552 9 to to TO 39142 2552 10 fall fall VB 39142 2552 11 in in IN 39142 2552 12 India India NNP 39142 2552 13 was be VBD 39142 2552 14 dug dig VBN 39142 2552 15 out out IN 39142 2552 16 of of IN 39142 2552 17 the the DT 39142 2552 18 ground ground NN 39142 2552 19 as as RB 39142 2552 20 quickly quickly RB 39142 2552 21 as as IN 39142 2552 22 possible possible JJ 39142 2552 23 , , , 39142 2552 24 and and CC 39142 2552 25 found find VBN 39142 2552 26 to to TO 39142 2552 27 be be VB 39142 2552 28 , , , 39142 2552 29 not not RB 39142 2552 30 hot hot JJ 39142 2552 31 as as IN 39142 2552 32 was be VBD 39142 2552 33 expected expect VBN 39142 2552 34 , , , 39142 2552 35 but but CC 39142 2552 36 coated coat VBN 39142 2552 37 thickly thickly RB 39142 2552 38 over over RB 39142 2552 39 with with IN 39142 2552 40 ice ice NN 39142 2552 41 frozen freeze VBN 39142 2552 42 on on IN 39142 2552 43 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2552 44 from from IN 39142 2552 45 the the DT 39142 2552 46 moisture moisture NN 39142 2552 47 in in IN 39142 2552 48 the the DT 39142 2552 49 surrounding surround VBG 39142 2552 50 soil soil NN 39142 2552 51 . . . 39142 2553 1 As as IN 39142 2553 2 to to IN 39142 2553 3 the the DT 39142 2553 4 composition composition NN 39142 2553 5 of of IN 39142 2553 6 shooting shoot VBG 39142 2553 7 stars star NNS 39142 2553 8 , , , 39142 2553 9 and and CC 39142 2553 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2553 11 probable probable JJ 39142 2553 12 mass mass NN 39142 2553 13 , , , 39142 2553 14 and and CC 39142 2553 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2553 16 effect effect NN 39142 2553 17 upon upon IN 39142 2553 18 the the DT 39142 2553 19 earth earth NN 39142 2553 20 , , , 39142 2553 21 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2553 22 data datum NNS 39142 2553 23 are be VBP 39142 2553 24 quite quite RB 39142 2553 25 insufficient insufficient JJ 39142 2553 26 . . . 39142 2554 1 The the DT 39142 2554 2 lines line NNS 39142 2554 3 of of IN 39142 2554 4 sodium sodium NN 39142 2554 5 and and CC 39142 2554 6 magnesium magnesium NN 39142 2554 7 have have VBP 39142 2554 8 been be VBN 39142 2554 9 hurriedly hurriedly RB 39142 2554 10 caught catch VBN 39142 2554 11 in in IN 39142 2554 12 the the DT 39142 2554 13 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 2554 14 , , , 39142 2554 15 and and CC 39142 2554 16 , , , 39142 2554 17 estimating estimate VBG 39142 2554 18 on on IN 39142 2554 19 the the DT 39142 2554 20 basis basis NN 39142 2554 21 of of IN 39142 2554 22 the the DT 39142 2554 23 light light NN 39142 2554 24 emitted emit VBN 39142 2554 25 by by IN 39142 2554 26 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2554 27 , , , 39142 2554 28 the the DT 39142 2554 29 largest large JJS 39142 2554 30 meteors meteor NNS 39142 2554 31 must must MD 39142 2554 32 weigh weigh VB 39142 2554 33 ounces ounce NNS 39142 2554 34 rather rather RB 39142 2554 35 than than IN 39142 2554 36 pounds pound NNS 39142 2554 37 . . . 39142 2555 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 2555 2 , , , 39142 2555 3 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2555 4 is be VBZ 39142 2555 5 interesting interesting JJ 39142 2555 6 to to TO 39142 2555 7 inquire inquire VB 39142 2555 8 what what WDT 39142 2555 9 addition addition NN 39142 2555 10 the the DT 39142 2555 11 continual continual JJ 39142 2555 12 fall fall NN 39142 2555 13 of of IN 39142 2555 14 many many JJ 39142 2555 15 millions million NNS 39142 2555 16 daily daily RB 39142 2555 17 upon upon IN 39142 2555 18 the the DT 39142 2555 19 earth earth NN 39142 2555 20 makes make VBZ 39142 2555 21 to to IN 39142 2555 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2555 23 weight weight NN 39142 2555 24 : : : 39142 2555 25 somewhere somewhere RB 39142 2555 26 between between IN 39142 2555 27 thirty thirty CD 39142 2555 28 and and CC 39142 2555 29 fifty fifty CD 39142 2555 30 thousand thousand CD 39142 2555 31 tons ton NNS 39142 2555 32 annually annually RB 39142 2555 33 is be VBZ 39142 2555 34 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2555 35 a a DT 39142 2555 36 conservative conservative JJ 39142 2555 37 estimate estimate NN 39142 2555 38 , , , 39142 2555 39 but but CC 39142 2555 40 even even RB 39142 2555 41 this this DT 39142 2555 42 would would MD 39142 2555 43 not not RB 39142 2555 44 accumulate accumulate VB 39142 2555 45 a a DT 39142 2555 46 layer layer NN 39142 2555 47 one one CD 39142 2555 48 inch inch NN 39142 2555 49 in in IN 39142 2555 50 thickness thickness NN 39142 2555 51 over over IN 39142 2555 52 the the DT 39142 2555 53 entire entire JJ 39142 2555 54 surface surface NN 39142 2555 55 of of IN 39142 2555 56 the the DT 39142 2555 57 earth earth NN 39142 2555 58 in in IN 39142 2555 59 less less JJR 39142 2555 60 than than IN 39142 2555 61 a a DT 39142 2555 62 thousand thousand CD 39142 2555 63 million million CD 39142 2555 64 years year NNS 39142 2555 65 . . . 39142 2556 1 Many many JJ 39142 2556 2 hundreds hundred NNS 39142 2556 3 of of IN 39142 2556 4 the the DT 39142 2556 5 meteors meteor NNS 39142 2556 6 actually actually RB 39142 2556 7 seen see VBN 39142 2556 8 to to TO 39142 2556 9 fall fall VB 39142 2556 10 , , , 39142 2556 11 together together RB 39142 2556 12 with with IN 39142 2556 13 those those DT 39142 2556 14 picked pick VBN 39142 2556 15 up up RP 39142 2556 16 accidentally accidentally RB 39142 2556 17 , , , 39142 2556 18 are be VBP 39142 2556 19 recovered recover VBN 39142 2556 20 and and CC 39142 2556 21 prized prize VBN 39142 2556 22 as as IN 39142 2556 23 specimens specimen NNS 39142 2556 24 of of IN 39142 2556 25 great great JJ 39142 2556 26 value value NN 39142 2556 27 in in IN 39142 2556 28 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2556 29 collections collection NNS 39142 2556 30 , , , 39142 2556 31 the the DT 39142 2556 32 richest rich JJS 39142 2556 33 of of IN 39142 2556 34 which which WDT 39142 2556 35 are be VBP 39142 2556 36 now now RB 39142 2556 37 in in IN 39142 2556 38 New New NNP 39142 2556 39 York York NNP 39142 2556 40 , , , 39142 2556 41 Paris Paris NNP 39142 2556 42 , , , 39142 2556 43 and and CC 39142 2556 44 London London NNP 39142 2556 45 . . . 39142 2557 1 The the DT 39142 2557 2 detailed detailed JJ 39142 2557 3 investigation investigation NN 39142 2557 4 of of IN 39142 2557 5 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2557 6 is be VBZ 39142 2557 7 rather rather RB 39142 2557 8 the the DT 39142 2557 9 province province NN 39142 2557 10 of of IN 39142 2557 11 the the DT 39142 2557 12 chemist chemist NN 39142 2557 13 , , , 39142 2557 14 the the DT 39142 2557 15 crystallographer crystallographer NN 39142 2557 16 and and CC 39142 2557 17 the the DT 39142 2557 18 mineralogist mineralogist NN 39142 2557 19 than than IN 39142 2557 20 of of IN 39142 2557 21 the the DT 39142 2557 22 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 2557 23 whose whose WP$ 39142 2557 24 interest interest NN 39142 2557 25 is be VBZ 39142 2557 26 more more RBR 39142 2557 27 keen keen JJ 39142 2557 28 in in IN 39142 2557 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2557 30 life life NN 39142 2557 31 history history NN 39142 2557 32 before before IN 39142 2557 33 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2557 34 reach reach VBP 39142 2557 35 the the DT 39142 2557 36 earth earth NN 39142 2557 37 . . . 39142 2558 1 To to TO 39142 2558 2 distinguish distinguish VB 39142 2558 3 a a DT 39142 2558 4 stony stony JJ 39142 2558 5 meteorite meteorite NN 39142 2558 6 from from IN 39142 2558 7 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 39142 2558 8 rock rock NN 39142 2558 9 substances substance NNS 39142 2558 10 is be VBZ 39142 2558 11 not not RB 39142 2558 12 always always RB 39142 2558 13 easy easy JJ 39142 2558 14 , , , 39142 2558 15 but but CC 39142 2558 16 there there EX 39142 2558 17 is be VBZ 39142 2558 18 usually usually RB 39142 2558 19 little little JJ 39142 2558 20 difficulty difficulty NN 39142 2558 21 in in IN 39142 2558 22 pronouncing pronounce VBG 39142 2558 23 upon upon IN 39142 2558 24 an an DT 39142 2558 25 iron iron NN 39142 2558 26 meteorite meteorite NN 39142 2558 27 . . . 39142 2559 1 These these DT 39142 2559 2 are be VBP 39142 2559 3 most most RBS 39142 2559 4 frequently frequently RB 39142 2559 5 found find VBN 39142 2559 6 in in IN 39142 2559 7 deserts desert NNS 39142 2559 8 , , , 39142 2559 9 because because IN 39142 2559 10 the the DT 39142 2559 11 dryness dryness NN 39142 2559 12 of of IN 39142 2559 13 the the DT 39142 2559 14 climate climate NN 39142 2559 15 renders render VBZ 39142 2559 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2559 17 oxidation oxidation NN 39142 2559 18 and and CC 39142 2559 19 gradual gradual JJ 39142 2559 20 disappearance disappearance NN 39142 2559 21 very very RB 39142 2559 22 slow slow JJ 39142 2559 23 . . . 39142 2560 1 The the DT 39142 2560 2 surface surface NN 39142 2560 3 of of IN 39142 2560 4 a a DT 39142 2560 5 suspected suspect VBN 39142 2560 6 iron iron NN 39142 2560 7 meteorite meteorite NN 39142 2560 8 is be VBZ 39142 2560 9 polished polished JJ 39142 2560 10 to to IN 39142 2560 11 a a DT 39142 2560 12 high high JJ 39142 2560 13 luster luster NN 39142 2560 14 and and CC 39142 2560 15 nitric nitric JJ 39142 2560 16 acid acid NN 39142 2560 17 is be VBZ 39142 2560 18 poured pour VBN 39142 2560 19 upon upon IN 39142 2560 20 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2560 21 . . . 39142 2561 1 If if IN 39142 2561 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2561 3 quickly quickly RB 39142 2561 4 becomes become VBZ 39142 2561 5 etched etch VBN 39142 2561 6 with with IN 39142 2561 7 a a DT 39142 2561 8 characteristic characteristic JJ 39142 2561 9 series series NN 39142 2561 10 of of IN 39142 2561 11 lines line NNS 39142 2561 12 , , , 39142 2561 13 or or CC 39142 2561 14 a a DT 39142 2561 15 sort sort NN 39142 2561 16 of of IN 39142 2561 17 cross cross JJ 39142 2561 18 - - NN 39142 2561 19 hatching hatching NN 39142 2561 20 , , , 39142 2561 21 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2561 22 is be VBZ 39142 2561 23 almost almost RB 39142 2561 24 certain certain JJ 39142 2561 25 to to TO 39142 2561 26 be be VB 39142 2561 27 a a DT 39142 2561 28 meteorite meteorite NN 39142 2561 29 . . . 39142 2562 1 Occasionally occasionally RB 39142 2562 2 carbon carbon NN 39142 2562 3 has have VBZ 39142 2562 4 been be VBN 39142 2562 5 found find VBN 39142 2562 6 in in IN 39142 2562 7 meteorites meteorite NNS 39142 2562 8 , , , 39142 2562 9 and and CC 39142 2562 10 the the DT 39142 2562 11 existence existence NN 39142 2562 12 of of IN 39142 2562 13 diamond diamond NNP 39142 2562 14 has have VBZ 39142 2562 15 been be VBN 39142 2562 16 suspected suspect VBN 39142 2562 17 . . . 39142 2563 1 The the DT 39142 2563 2 minerals mineral NNS 39142 2563 3 composing compose VBG 39142 2563 4 meteorites meteorite NNS 39142 2563 5 are be VBP 39142 2563 6 not not RB 39142 2563 7 unlike unlike IN 39142 2563 8 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 39142 2563 9 materials material NNS 39142 2563 10 of of IN 39142 2563 11 volcanic volcanic JJ 39142 2563 12 origin origin NN 39142 2563 13 , , , 39142 2563 14 though though IN 39142 2563 15 many many JJ 39142 2563 16 of of IN 39142 2563 17 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2563 18 are be VBP 39142 2563 19 peculiar peculiar JJ 39142 2563 20 to to IN 39142 2563 21 meteorites meteorite NNS 39142 2563 22 only only RB 39142 2563 23 . . . 39142 2564 1 More More JJR 39142 2564 2 than than IN 39142 2564 3 one one CD 39142 2564 4 - - HYPH 39142 2564 5 third third NN 39142 2564 6 of of IN 39142 2564 7 all all PDT 39142 2564 8 the the DT 39142 2564 9 known know VBN 39142 2564 10 chemical chemical NN 39142 2564 11 elements element NNS 39142 2564 12 have have VBP 39142 2564 13 been be VBN 39142 2564 14 found find VBN 39142 2564 15 by by IN 39142 2564 16 analysis analysis NN 39142 2564 17 in in IN 39142 2564 18 meteorites meteorite NNS 39142 2564 19 , , , 39142 2564 20 but but CC 39142 2564 21 not not RB 39142 2564 22 any any DT 39142 2564 23 new new JJ 39142 2564 24 ones one NNS 39142 2564 25 . . . 39142 2565 1 Meteoric meteoric JJ 39142 2565 2 iron iron NN 39142 2565 3 is be VBZ 39142 2565 4 a a DT 39142 2565 5 rich rich JJ 39142 2565 6 alloy alloy NN 39142 2565 7 containing contain VBG 39142 2565 8 about about RB 39142 2565 9 ten ten CD 39142 2565 10 per per IN 39142 2565 11 cent cent NN 39142 2565 12 of of IN 39142 2565 13 nickel nickel NN 39142 2565 14 , , , 39142 2565 15 also also RB 39142 2565 16 cobalt cobalt NN 39142 2565 17 , , , 39142 2565 18 tin tin NN 39142 2565 19 , , , 39142 2565 20 and and CC 39142 2565 21 copper copper NN 39142 2565 22 in in IN 39142 2565 23 much much RB 39142 2565 24 smaller small JJR 39142 2565 25 amount amount NN 39142 2565 26 . . . 39142 2566 1 Calcium calcium NN 39142 2566 2 , , , 39142 2566 3 chlorine chlorine NN 39142 2566 4 , , , 39142 2566 5 sodium sodium NN 39142 2566 6 , , , 39142 2566 7 and and CC 39142 2566 8 sulphur sulphur NNP 39142 2566 9 likewise likewise RB 39142 2566 10 are be VBP 39142 2566 11 found find VBN 39142 2566 12 in in IN 39142 2566 13 meteoric meteoric JJ 39142 2566 14 irons iron NNS 39142 2566 15 . . . 39142 2567 1 At at IN 39142 2567 2 very very RB 39142 2567 3 high high JJ 39142 2567 4 temperatures temperature NNS 39142 2567 5 iron iron NN 39142 2567 6 will will MD 39142 2567 7 absorb absorb VB 39142 2567 8 gases gas NNS 39142 2567 9 and and CC 39142 2567 10 retain retain VB 39142 2567 11 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2567 12 until until IN 39142 2567 13 again again RB 39142 2567 14 heated heat VBN 39142 2567 15 to to IN 39142 2567 16 red red JJ 39142 2567 17 heat heat NN 39142 2567 18 . . . 39142 2568 1 Carbonic carbonic JJ 39142 2568 2 oxide oxide NN 39142 2568 3 , , , 39142 2568 4 helium helium NN 39142 2568 5 , , , 39142 2568 6 hydrogen hydrogen NN 39142 2568 7 , , , 39142 2568 8 and and CC 39142 2568 9 nitrogen nitrogen NN 39142 2568 10 are be VBP 39142 2568 11 thus thus RB 39142 2568 12 imprisoned imprison VBN 39142 2568 13 , , , 39142 2568 14 or or CC 39142 2568 15 occluded occlude VBN 39142 2568 16 , , , 39142 2568 17 in in IN 39142 2568 18 meteoric meteoric JJ 39142 2568 19 irons iron NNS 39142 2568 20 in in IN 39142 2568 21 very very RB 39142 2568 22 small small JJ 39142 2568 23 quantities quantity NNS 39142 2568 24 ; ; : 39142 2568 25 and and CC 39142 2568 26 in in IN 39142 2568 27 1867 1867 CD 39142 2568 28 , , , 39142 2568 29 during during IN 39142 2568 30 a a DT 39142 2568 31 London London NNP 39142 2568 32 lecture lecture NN 39142 2568 33 by by IN 39142 2568 34 Graham Graham NNP 39142 2568 35 , , , 39142 2568 36 a a DT 39142 2568 37 room room NN 39142 2568 38 in in IN 39142 2568 39 the the DT 39142 2568 40 Royal Royal NNP 39142 2568 41 Institution Institution NNP 39142 2568 42 was be VBD 39142 2568 43 for for IN 39142 2568 44 a a DT 39142 2568 45 brief brief JJ 39142 2568 46 space space NN 39142 2568 47 illuminated illuminate VBN 39142 2568 48 by by IN 39142 2568 49 gas gas NN 39142 2568 50 brought bring VBN 39142 2568 51 to to IN 39142 2568 52 earth earth NN 39142 2568 53 in in IN 39142 2568 54 a a DT 39142 2568 55 meteorite meteorite NN 39142 2568 56 from from IN 39142 2568 57 interplanetary interplanetary JJ 39142 2568 58 space space NN 39142 2568 59 . . . 39142 2569 1 Meteorites Meteorites NNPS 39142 2569 2 , , , 39142 2569 3 too too RB 39142 2569 4 , , , 39142 2569 5 have have VBP 39142 2569 6 been be VBN 39142 2569 7 most most RBS 39142 2569 8 critically critically RB 39142 2569 9 investigated investigate VBN 39142 2569 10 by by IN 39142 2569 11 the the DT 39142 2569 12 biologist biologist NN 39142 2569 13 , , , 39142 2569 14 but but CC 39142 2569 15 no no DT 39142 2569 16 trace trace NN 39142 2569 17 of of IN 39142 2569 18 germs germ NNS 39142 2569 19 of of IN 39142 2569 20 organic organic JJ 39142 2569 21 life life NN 39142 2569 22 of of IN 39142 2569 23 any any DT 39142 2569 24 type type NN 39142 2569 25 has have VBZ 39142 2569 26 so so RB 39142 2569 27 far far RB 39142 2569 28 been be VBN 39142 2569 29 found find VBN 39142 2569 30 . . . 39142 2570 1 Farrington Farrington NNP 39142 2570 2 of of IN 39142 2570 3 Chicago Chicago NNP 39142 2570 4 has have VBZ 39142 2570 5 published publish VBN 39142 2570 6 a a DT 39142 2570 7 full full JJ 39142 2570 8 descriptive descriptive JJ 39142 2570 9 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 2570 10 of of IN 39142 2570 11 all all PDT 39142 2570 12 the the DT 39142 2570 13 North north JJ 39142 2570 14 American american JJ 39142 2570 15 meteorites meteorite NNS 39142 2570 16 . . . 39142 2571 1 Recent recent JJ 39142 2571 2 investigations investigation NNS 39142 2571 3 of of IN 39142 2571 4 the the DT 39142 2571 5 radioactivity radioactivity NN 39142 2571 6 of of IN 39142 2571 7 meteorites meteorite NNS 39142 2571 8 show show VBP 39142 2571 9 that that IN 39142 2571 10 the the DT 39142 2571 11 average average JJ 39142 2571 12 stone stone NN 39142 2571 13 meteorite meteorite NN 39142 2571 14 is be VBZ 39142 2571 15 much much RB 39142 2571 16 less less RBR 39142 2571 17 radioactive radioactive JJ 39142 2571 18 than than IN 39142 2571 19 the the DT 39142 2571 20 average average JJ 39142 2571 21 rock rock NN 39142 2571 22 , , , 39142 2571 23 and and CC 39142 2571 24 probably probably RB 39142 2571 25 less less JJR 39142 2571 26 than than IN 39142 2571 27 one one CD 39142 2571 28 - - HYPH 39142 2571 29 fourth fourth RB 39142 2571 30 as as RB 39142 2571 31 radioactive radioactive JJ 39142 2571 32 as as IN 39142 2571 33 in in IN 39142 2571 34 average average JJ 39142 2571 35 granite granite NN 39142 2571 36 . . . 39142 2572 1 The the DT 39142 2572 2 metallic metallic JJ 39142 2572 3 meteorites meteorite NNS 39142 2572 4 examined examine VBN 39142 2572 5 were be VBD 39142 2572 6 found find VBN 39142 2572 7 about about IN 39142 2572 8 wholly wholly RB 39142 2572 9 free free JJ 39142 2572 10 from from IN 39142 2572 11 radioactivity radioactivity NN 39142 2572 12 . . . 39142 2573 1 From from IN 39142 2573 2 shooting shoot VBG 39142 2573 3 stars star NNS 39142 2573 4 , , , 39142 2573 5 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2573 6 the the DT 39142 2573 7 chips chip NNS 39142 2573 8 of of IN 39142 2573 9 the the DT 39142 2573 10 celestial celestial JJ 39142 2573 11 workshop workshop NN 39142 2573 12 , , , 39142 2573 13 or or CC 39142 2573 14 more more RBR 39142 2573 15 possibly possibly RB 39142 2573 16 related related JJ 39142 2573 17 to to IN 39142 2573 18 the the DT 39142 2573 19 planetesimals planetesimal NNS 39142 2573 20 which which WDT 39142 2573 21 the the DT 39142 2573 22 processes process NNS 39142 2573 23 of of IN 39142 2573 24 growth growth NN 39142 2573 25 of of IN 39142 2573 26 the the DT 39142 2573 27 universe universe NN 39142 2573 28 have have VBP 39142 2573 29 swept sweep VBN 39142 2573 30 up up RP 39142 2573 31 into into IN 39142 2573 32 the the DT 39142 2573 33 vastly vastly RB 39142 2573 34 greater great JJR 39142 2573 35 bodies body NNS 39142 2573 36 of of IN 39142 2573 37 the the DT 39142 2573 38 universe universe NN 39142 2573 39 , , , 39142 2573 40 transition transition NN 39142 2573 41 is be VBZ 39142 2573 42 natural natural JJ 39142 2573 43 to to IN 39142 2573 44 the the DT 39142 2573 45 stars star NNS 39142 2573 46 themselves -PRON- PRP 39142 2573 47 , , , 39142 2573 48 the the DT 39142 2573 49 most most RBS 39142 2573 50 numerous numerous JJ 39142 2573 51 of of IN 39142 2573 52 the the DT 39142 2573 53 heavenly heavenly JJ 39142 2573 54 bodies body NNS 39142 2573 55 , , , 39142 2573 56 all all DT 39142 2573 57 shining shine VBG 39142 2573 58 by by IN 39142 2573 59 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2573 60 own own JJ 39142 2573 61 light light NN 39142 2573 62 , , , 39142 2573 63 and and CC 39142 2573 64 all all DT 39142 2573 65 inconceivably inconceivably RB 39142 2573 66 remote remote JJ 39142 2573 67 from from IN 39142 2573 68 the the DT 39142 2573 69 solar solar JJ 39142 2573 70 system system NN 39142 2573 71 , , , 39142 2573 72 which which WDT 39142 2573 73 nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 2573 74 appears appear VBZ 39142 2573 75 to to TO 39142 2573 76 be be VB 39142 2573 77 not not RB 39142 2573 78 far far RB 39142 2573 79 removed remove VBN 39142 2573 80 from from IN 39142 2573 81 the the DT 39142 2573 82 center center NN 39142 2573 83 of of IN 39142 2573 84 the the DT 39142 2573 85 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2573 86 universe universe NN 39142 2573 87 . . . 39142 2574 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 2574 2 XLIV xliv NN 39142 2574 3 THE the DT 39142 2574 4 UNIVERSE universe NN 39142 2574 5 OF of IN 39142 2574 6 STARS star NNS 39142 2574 7 Our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2574 8 consideration consideration NN 39142 2574 9 of of IN 39142 2574 10 the the DT 39142 2574 11 solar solar JJ 39142 2574 12 system system NN 39142 2574 13 hitherto hitherto NNP 39142 2574 14 has have VBZ 39142 2574 15 kept keep VBN 39142 2574 16 us -PRON- PRP 39142 2574 17 quite quite RB 39142 2574 18 at at IN 39142 2574 19 home home NN 39142 2574 20 in in IN 39142 2574 21 the the DT 39142 2574 22 universe universe NN 39142 2574 23 . . . 39142 2575 1 The the DT 39142 2575 2 outer outer JJ 39142 2575 3 known know VBN 39142 2575 4 planets planet NNS 39142 2575 5 , , , 39142 2575 6 Uranus Uranus NNP 39142 2575 7 and and CC 39142 2575 8 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 2575 9 , , , 39142 2575 10 are be VBP 39142 2575 11 indeed indeed RB 39142 2575 12 far far RB 39142 2575 13 removed remove VBN 39142 2575 14 from from IN 39142 2575 15 the the DT 39142 2575 16 sun sun NN 39142 2575 17 , , , 39142 2575 18 and and CC 39142 2575 19 a a DT 39142 2575 20 few few JJ 39142 2575 21 of of IN 39142 2575 22 the the DT 39142 2575 23 comets comet NNS 39142 2575 24 that that WDT 39142 2575 25 belong belong VBP 39142 2575 26 to to IN 39142 2575 27 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2575 28 family family NN 39142 2575 29 travel travel NN 39142 2575 30 to to TO 39142 2575 31 even even RB 39142 2575 32 greater great JJR 39142 2575 33 distances distance NNS 39142 2575 34 before before IN 39142 2575 35 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2575 36 begin begin VBP 39142 2575 37 to to TO 39142 2575 38 retrace retrace VB 39142 2575 39 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2575 40 steps step NNS 39142 2575 41 sunward sunward RB 39142 2575 42 . . . 39142 2576 1 When when WRB 39142 2576 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2576 3 come come VBP 39142 2576 4 to to TO 39142 2576 5 consider consider VB 39142 2576 6 the the DT 39142 2576 7 vast vast JJ 39142 2576 8 majority majority NN 39142 2576 9 of of IN 39142 2576 10 the the DT 39142 2576 11 glistening glistening NN 39142 2576 12 points point NNS 39142 2576 13 on on IN 39142 2576 14 the the DT 39142 2576 15 celestial celestial JJ 39142 2576 16 sphere sphere NN 39142 2576 17 -- -- : 39142 2576 18 all all DT 39142 2576 19 in in IN 39142 2576 20 fact fact NN 39142 2576 21 except except IN 39142 2576 22 the the DT 39142 2576 23 five five CD 39142 2576 24 great great JJ 39142 2576 25 planets planet NNS 39142 2576 26 , , , 39142 2576 27 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 2576 28 , , , 39142 2576 29 Venus Venus NNP 39142 2576 30 , , , 39142 2576 31 Mars Mars NNP 39142 2576 32 , , , 39142 2576 33 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2576 34 , , , 39142 2576 35 and and CC 39142 2576 36 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 2576 37 -- -- : 39142 2576 38 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2576 39 are be VBP 39142 2576 40 dealing deal VBG 39142 2576 41 with with IN 39142 2576 42 bodies body NNS 39142 2576 43 that that WDT 39142 2576 44 are be VBP 39142 2576 45 self self NN 39142 2576 46 - - HYPH 39142 2576 47 luminous luminous JJ 39142 2576 48 like like IN 39142 2576 49 the the DT 39142 2576 50 sun sun NN 39142 2576 51 , , , 39142 2576 52 but but CC 39142 2576 53 that that DT 39142 2576 54 vary vary VBP 39142 2576 55 in in IN 39142 2576 56 size size NN 39142 2576 57 quite quite RB 39142 2576 58 as as IN 39142 2576 59 the the DT 39142 2576 60 bodies body NNS 39142 2576 61 of of IN 39142 2576 62 the the DT 39142 2576 63 solar solar JJ 39142 2576 64 system system NN 39142 2576 65 do do VBP 39142 2576 66 , , , 39142 2576 67 some some DT 39142 2576 68 stars star NNS 39142 2576 69 being be VBG 39142 2576 70 smaller small JJR 39142 2576 71 than than IN 39142 2576 72 the the DT 39142 2576 73 sun sun NN 39142 2576 74 and and CC 39142 2576 75 others other NNS 39142 2576 76 many many JJ 39142 2576 77 hundred hundred CD 39142 2576 78 fold fold VB 39142 2576 79 larger large JJR 39142 2576 80 than than IN 39142 2576 81 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2576 82 is be VBZ 39142 2576 83 ; ; : 39142 2576 84 some some DT 39142 2576 85 being be VBG 39142 2576 86 " " `` 39142 2576 87 giants giant NNS 39142 2576 88 , , , 39142 2576 89 " " '' 39142 2576 90 and and CC 39142 2576 91 others other NNS 39142 2576 92 " " '' 39142 2576 93 dwarfs dwarf NNS 39142 2576 94 . . . 39142 2576 95 " " '' 39142 2577 1 But but CC 39142 2577 2 the the DT 39142 2577 3 overwhelming overwhelming JJ 39142 2577 4 remoteness remoteness NN 39142 2577 5 of of IN 39142 2577 6 all all PDT 39142 2577 7 these these DT 39142 2577 8 bodies body NNS 39142 2577 9 arrests arrest VBZ 39142 2577 10 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2577 11 attention attention NN 39142 2577 12 and and CC 39142 2577 13 even even RB 39142 2577 14 taxes tax VBZ 39142 2577 15 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2577 16 credulity credulity NN 39142 2577 17 regarding regard VBG 39142 2577 18 the the DT 39142 2577 19 methods method NNS 39142 2577 20 that that WDT 39142 2577 21 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2577 22 have have VBP 39142 2577 23 depended depend VBN 39142 2577 24 on on IN 39142 2577 25 to to TO 39142 2577 26 ascertain ascertain VB 39142 2577 27 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2577 28 distances distance NNS 39142 2577 29 from from IN 39142 2577 30 us -PRON- PRP 39142 2577 31 . . . 39142 2578 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2578 2 seeming seeming JJ 39142 2578 3 countlessness countlessness NN 39142 2578 4 , , , 39142 2578 5 too too RB 39142 2578 6 , , , 39142 2578 7 is be VBZ 39142 2578 8 as as RB 39142 2578 9 bewildering bewildering JJ 39142 2578 10 as as IN 39142 2578 11 are be VBP 39142 2578 12 the the DT 39142 2578 13 distances distance NNS 39142 2578 14 ; ; : 39142 2578 15 though though RB 39142 2578 16 , , , 39142 2578 17 if if IN 39142 2578 18 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2578 19 make make VBP 39142 2578 20 actual actual JJ 39142 2578 21 counts count NNS 39142 2578 22 of of IN 39142 2578 23 those those DT 39142 2578 24 visible visible JJ 39142 2578 25 to to IN 39142 2578 26 the the DT 39142 2578 27 naked naked JJ 39142 2578 28 eye eye NN 39142 2578 29 within within IN 39142 2578 30 a a DT 39142 2578 31 certain certain JJ 39142 2578 32 area area NN 39142 2578 33 , , , 39142 2578 34 in in IN 39142 2578 35 the the DT 39142 2578 36 body body NN 39142 2578 37 of of IN 39142 2578 38 the the DT 39142 2578 39 " " `` 39142 2578 40 Great Great NNP 39142 2578 41 Bear Bear NNP 39142 2578 42 , , , 39142 2578 43 " " '' 39142 2578 44 for for IN 39142 2578 45 example example NN 39142 2578 46 , , , 39142 2578 47 the the DT 39142 2578 48 great great JJ 39142 2578 49 surprise surprise NN 39142 2578 50 will will MD 39142 2578 51 be be VB 39142 2578 52 that that IN 39142 2578 53 there there EX 39142 2578 54 are be VBP 39142 2578 55 so so RB 39142 2578 56 few few JJ 39142 2578 57 . . . 39142 2579 1 And and CC 39142 2579 2 if if IN 39142 2579 3 the the DT 39142 2579 4 entire entire JJ 39142 2579 5 dome dome NN 39142 2579 6 of of IN 39142 2579 7 the the DT 39142 2579 8 sky sky NN 39142 2579 9 is be VBZ 39142 2579 10 counted count VBN 39142 2579 11 , , , 39142 2579 12 at at IN 39142 2579 13 any any DT 39142 2579 14 one one CD 39142 2579 15 time time NN 39142 2579 16 , , , 39142 2579 17 a a DT 39142 2579 18 clear clear JJ 39142 2579 19 , , , 39142 2579 20 moonless moonless JJ 39142 2579 21 sky sky NN 39142 2579 22 would would MD 39142 2579 23 reveal reveal VB 39142 2579 24 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2579 25 2,500 2,500 CD 39142 2579 26 , , , 39142 2579 27 so so IN 39142 2579 28 that that IN 39142 2579 29 in in IN 39142 2579 30 the the DT 39142 2579 31 entire entire JJ 39142 2579 32 sky sky NN 39142 2579 33 , , , 39142 2579 34 northern northern JJ 39142 2579 35 and and CC 39142 2579 36 southern southern JJ 39142 2579 37 , , , 39142 2579 38 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2579 39 might may MD 39142 2579 40 expect expect VB 39142 2579 41 to to TO 39142 2579 42 find find VB 39142 2579 43 5,000 5,000 CD 39142 2579 44 to to IN 39142 2579 45 6,000 6,000 CD 39142 2579 46 lucid lucid JJ 39142 2579 47 stars star NNS 39142 2579 48 , , , 39142 2579 49 or or CC 39142 2579 50 stars star VBZ 39142 2579 51 visible visible JJ 39142 2579 52 to to IN 39142 2579 53 the the DT 39142 2579 54 naked naked JJ 39142 2579 55 eye eye NN 39142 2579 56 . . . 39142 2580 1 But but CC 39142 2580 2 when when WRB 39142 2580 3 the the DT 39142 2580 4 telescope telescope NN 39142 2580 5 is be VBZ 39142 2580 6 applied apply VBN 39142 2580 7 , , , 39142 2580 8 every every DT 39142 2580 9 accession accession NN 39142 2580 10 of of IN 39142 2580 11 power power NN 39142 2580 12 increases increase VBZ 39142 2580 13 the the DT 39142 2580 14 myriads myriad NNS 39142 2580 15 of of IN 39142 2580 16 fainter fainter NN 39142 2580 17 and and CC 39142 2580 18 fainter fainter NN 39142 2580 19 stars star NNS 39142 2580 20 , , , 39142 2580 21 until until IN 39142 2580 22 the the DT 39142 2580 23 number number NN 39142 2580 24 within within IN 39142 2580 25 optical optical JJ 39142 2580 26 reach reach NN 39142 2580 27 of of IN 39142 2580 28 present present JJ 39142 2580 29 instruments instrument NNS 39142 2580 30 is be VBZ 39142 2580 31 somewhere somewhere RB 39142 2580 32 between between IN 39142 2580 33 400 400 CD 39142 2580 34 and and CC 39142 2580 35 500 500 CD 39142 2580 36 millions million NNS 39142 2580 37 . . . 39142 2581 1 But but CC 39142 2581 2 if if IN 39142 2581 3 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2581 4 were be VBD 39142 2581 5 to to TO 39142 2581 6 push push VB 39142 2581 7 the the DT 39142 2581 8 100-inch 100-inch CD 39142 2581 9 reflector reflector NN 39142 2581 10 on on IN 39142 2581 11 Mount Mount NNP 39142 2581 12 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 2581 13 to to IN 39142 2581 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2581 15 limit limit NN 39142 2581 16 by by IN 39142 2581 17 photography photography NN 39142 2581 18 with with IN 39142 2581 19 plates plate NNS 39142 2581 20 of of IN 39142 2581 21 the the DT 39142 2581 22 highest high JJS 39142 2581 23 sensitiveness sensitiveness NN 39142 2581 24 , , , 39142 2581 25 millions million NNS 39142 2581 26 upon upon IN 39142 2581 27 millions million NNS 39142 2581 28 of of IN 39142 2581 29 excessively excessively RB 39142 2581 30 faint faint JJ 39142 2581 31 stars star NNS 39142 2581 32 would would MD 39142 2581 33 be be VB 39142 2581 34 plainly plainly RB 39142 2581 35 visible visible JJ 39142 2581 36 on on IN 39142 2581 37 the the DT 39142 2581 38 plates plate NNS 39142 2581 39 which which WDT 39142 2581 40 the the DT 39142 2581 41 human human JJ 39142 2581 42 eye eye NN 39142 2581 43 can can MD 39142 2581 44 never never RB 39142 2581 45 hope hope VB 39142 2581 46 to to TO 39142 2581 47 see see VB 39142 2581 48 directly directly RB 39142 2581 49 with with IN 39142 2581 50 any any DT 39142 2581 51 telescope telescope NN 39142 2581 52 present present JJ 39142 2581 53 or or CC 39142 2581 54 future future JJ 39142 2581 55 , , , 39142 2581 56 and and CC 39142 2581 57 which which WDT 39142 2581 58 would would MD 39142 2581 59 doubtless doubtless RB 39142 2581 60 swell swell VB 39142 2581 61 the the DT 39142 2581 62 total total JJ 39142 2581 63 number number NN 39142 2581 64 of of IN 39142 2581 65 stars star NNS 39142 2581 66 to to IN 39142 2581 67 a a DT 39142 2581 68 thousand thousand CD 39142 2581 69 millions million NNS 39142 2581 70 . . . 39142 2582 1 Recent recent JJ 39142 2582 2 counts count NNS 39142 2582 3 of of IN 39142 2582 4 stars star NNS 39142 2582 5 by by IN 39142 2582 6 Chapman Chapman NNP 39142 2582 7 and and CC 39142 2582 8 Melotte Melotte NNP 39142 2582 9 of of IN 39142 2582 10 Greenwich Greenwich NNP 39142 2582 11 tend tend VBP 39142 2582 12 to to TO 39142 2582 13 substantiate substantiate VB 39142 2582 14 this this DT 39142 2582 15 estimate estimate NN 39142 2582 16 . . . 39142 2583 1 What what WP 39142 2583 2 have have VBP 39142 2583 3 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2583 4 done do VBN 39142 2583 5 to to TO 39142 2583 6 classify classify VB 39142 2583 7 or or CC 39142 2583 8 catalogue catalogue VB 39142 2583 9 this this DT 39142 2583 10 vast vast JJ 39142 2583 11 array array NN 39142 2583 12 of of IN 39142 2583 13 bodies body NNS 39142 2583 14 in in IN 39142 2583 15 the the DT 39142 2583 16 sky sky NN 39142 2583 17 ? ? . 39142 2584 1 Even even RB 39142 2584 2 before before IN 39142 2584 3 making make VBG 39142 2584 4 any any DT 39142 2584 5 attempt attempt NN 39142 2584 6 to to TO 39142 2584 7 estimate estimate VB 39142 2584 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2584 9 number number NN 39142 2584 10 , , , 39142 2584 11 there there EX 39142 2584 12 is be VBZ 39142 2584 13 a a DT 39142 2584 14 system system NN 39142 2584 15 of of IN 39142 2584 16 classification classification NN 39142 2584 17 simply simply RB 39142 2584 18 by by IN 39142 2584 19 the the DT 39142 2584 20 amount amount NN 39142 2584 21 of of IN 39142 2584 22 light light NN 39142 2584 23 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2584 24 send send VBP 39142 2584 25 us -PRON- PRP 39142 2584 26 , , , 39142 2584 27 or or CC 39142 2584 28 by by IN 39142 2584 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2584 30 apparent apparent JJ 39142 2584 31 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2584 32 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 2584 33 -- -- : 39142 2584 34 not not RB 39142 2584 35 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2584 36 actual actual JJ 39142 2584 37 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 2584 38 , , , 39142 2584 39 for for IN 39142 2584 40 of of IN 39142 2584 41 those those DT 39142 2584 42 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2584 43 know know VBP 39142 2584 44 as as RB 39142 2584 45 yet yet RB 39142 2584 46 very very RB 39142 2584 47 little little JJ 39142 2584 48 . . . 39142 2585 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 2585 2 speak speak VBP 39142 2585 3 of of IN 39142 2585 4 stars star NNS 39142 2585 5 of of IN 39142 2585 6 the the DT 39142 2585 7 " " `` 39142 2585 8 first first JJ 39142 2585 9 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2585 10 , , , 39142 2585 11 " " '' 39142 2585 12 of of IN 39142 2585 13 which which WDT 39142 2585 14 there there EX 39142 2585 15 are be VBP 39142 2585 16 about about RB 39142 2585 17 20 20 CD 39142 2585 18 , , , 39142 2585 19 Sirius Sirius NNP 39142 2585 20 being be VBG 39142 2585 21 the the DT 39142 2585 22 brightest bright JJS 39142 2585 23 and and CC 39142 2585 24 Regulus Regulus NNP 39142 2585 25 the the DT 39142 2585 26 faintest faint JJS 39142 2585 27 . . . 39142 2586 1 Then then RB 39142 2586 2 there there EX 39142 2586 3 are be VBP 39142 2586 4 about about RB 39142 2586 5 65 65 CD 39142 2586 6 of of IN 39142 2586 7 the the DT 39142 2586 8 second second JJ 39142 2586 9 , , , 39142 2586 10 or or CC 39142 2586 11 next next JJ 39142 2586 12 fainter fainter NN 39142 2586 13 , , , 39142 2586 14 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2586 15 , , , 39142 2586 16 stars star VBZ 39142 2586 17 like like IN 39142 2586 18 Polaris Polaris NNP 39142 2586 19 , , , 39142 2586 20 for for IN 39142 2586 21 example example NN 39142 2586 22 , , , 39142 2586 23 which which WDT 39142 2586 24 give give VBP 39142 2586 25 an an DT 39142 2586 26 amount amount NN 39142 2586 27 of of IN 39142 2586 28 light light JJ 39142 2586 29 two two CD 39142 2586 30 and and CC 39142 2586 31 a a DT 39142 2586 32 half half NN 39142 2586 33 times time NNS 39142 2586 34 less less JJR 39142 2586 35 than than IN 39142 2586 36 the the DT 39142 2586 37 average average JJ 39142 2586 38 first first JJ 39142 2586 39 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2586 40 star star NN 39142 2586 41 . . . 39142 2587 1 Stars star NNS 39142 2587 2 of of IN 39142 2587 3 the the DT 39142 2587 4 third third JJ 39142 2587 5 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2587 6 are be VBP 39142 2587 7 fainter fainter NN 39142 2587 8 than than IN 39142 2587 9 those those DT 39142 2587 10 of of IN 39142 2587 11 the the DT 39142 2587 12 second second JJ 39142 2587 13 in in IN 39142 2587 14 the the DT 39142 2587 15 same same JJ 39142 2587 16 ratio ratio NN 39142 2587 17 , , , 39142 2587 18 but but CC 39142 2587 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2587 20 number number NN 39142 2587 21 increases increase NNS 39142 2587 22 to to IN 39142 2587 23 200 200 CD 39142 2587 24 ; ; : 39142 2587 25 fourth fourth JJ 39142 2587 26 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2587 27 , , , 39142 2587 28 500 500 CD 39142 2587 29 ; ; : 39142 2587 30 fifth fifth JJ 39142 2587 31 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2587 32 , , , 39142 2587 33 1,400 1,400 CD 39142 2587 34 ; ; : 39142 2587 35 sixth sixth JJ 39142 2587 36 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2587 37 , , , 39142 2587 38 5,000 5,000 CD 39142 2587 39 , , , 39142 2587 40 and and CC 39142 2587 41 these these DT 39142 2587 42 are be VBP 39142 2587 43 so so RB 39142 2587 44 faint faint JJ 39142 2587 45 that that IN 39142 2587 46 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2587 47 are be VBP 39142 2587 48 just just RB 39142 2587 49 visible visible JJ 39142 2587 50 on on IN 39142 2587 51 the the DT 39142 2587 52 best good JJS 39142 2587 53 nights night NNS 39142 2587 54 without without IN 39142 2587 55 telescopic telescopic JJ 39142 2587 56 aid aid NN 39142 2587 57 . . . 39142 2588 1 Decimals decimal NNS 39142 2588 2 express express VBP 39142 2588 3 all all DT 39142 2588 4 intermediate intermediate JJ 39142 2588 5 graduations graduation NNS 39142 2588 6 of of IN 39142 2588 7 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2588 8 . . . 39142 2589 1 Astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2589 2 carry carry VBP 39142 2589 3 the the DT 39142 2589 4 telescopic telescopic NN 39142 2589 5 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 2589 6 much much RB 39142 2589 7 farther farther RB 39142 2589 8 , , , 39142 2589 9 till till IN 39142 2589 10 a a DT 39142 2589 11 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2589 12 beyond beyond IN 39142 2589 13 the the DT 39142 2589 14 twentieth twentieth JJ 39142 2589 15 is be VBZ 39142 2589 16 reached reach VBN 39142 2589 17 , , , 39142 2589 18 preserving preserve VBG 39142 2589 19 in in IN 39142 2589 20 every every DT 39142 2589 21 case case NN 39142 2589 22 the the DT 39142 2589 23 ratio ratio NN 39142 2589 24 of of IN 39142 2589 25 two two CD 39142 2589 26 and and CC 39142 2589 27 one one CD 39142 2589 28 - - HYPH 39142 2589 29 half half NN 39142 2589 30 for for IN 39142 2589 31 each each DT 39142 2589 32 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2589 33 in in IN 39142 2589 34 relation relation NN 39142 2589 35 to to IN 39142 2589 36 that that DT 39142 2589 37 numerically numerically RB 39142 2589 38 next next RB 39142 2589 39 to to IN 39142 2589 40 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2589 41 . . . 39142 2590 1 Even even RB 39142 2590 2 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2590 3 and and CC 39142 2590 4 Venus Venus NNP 39142 2590 5 , , , 39142 2590 6 and and CC 39142 2590 7 the the DT 39142 2590 8 sun sun NN 39142 2590 9 and and CC 39142 2590 10 moon moon NN 39142 2590 11 , , , 39142 2590 12 are be VBP 39142 2590 13 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 2590 14 calculated calculate VBN 39142 2590 15 on on IN 39142 2590 16 this this DT 39142 2590 17 scale scale NN 39142 2590 18 of of IN 39142 2590 19 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2590 20 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2590 21 , , , 39142 2590 22 numerically numerically RB 39142 2590 23 negative negative JJ 39142 2590 24 , , , 39142 2590 25 of of IN 39142 2590 26 course course NN 39142 2590 27 , , , 39142 2590 28 Venus Venus NNP 39142 2590 29 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 2590 30 being be VBG 39142 2590 31 as as RB 39142 2590 32 bright bright JJ 39142 2590 33 as as IN 39142 2590 34 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2590 35 -4.3 -4.3 NN 39142 2590 36 , , , 39142 2590 37 and and CC 39142 2590 38 the the DT 39142 2590 39 sun sun NN 39142 2590 40 -26.7 -26.7 : 39142 2590 41 . . . 39142 2591 1 Knowing know VBG 39142 2591 2 thus thus RB 39142 2591 3 the the DT 39142 2591 4 relation relation NN 39142 2591 5 of of IN 39142 2591 6 sun sun NN 39142 2591 7 , , , 39142 2591 8 moon moon NN 39142 2591 9 , , , 39142 2591 10 and and CC 39142 2591 11 stars star NNS 39142 2591 12 , , , 39142 2591 13 and and CC 39142 2591 14 the the DT 39142 2591 15 number number NN 39142 2591 16 of of IN 39142 2591 17 the the DT 39142 2591 18 stars star NNS 39142 2591 19 of of IN 39142 2591 20 different different JJ 39142 2591 21 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 2591 22 , , , 39142 2591 23 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2591 24 is be VBZ 39142 2591 25 possible possible JJ 39142 2591 26 to to TO 39142 2591 27 estimate estimate VB 39142 2591 28 the the DT 39142 2591 29 total total JJ 39142 2591 30 light light NN 39142 2591 31 from from IN 39142 2591 32 the the DT 39142 2591 33 stars star NNS 39142 2591 34 . . . 39142 2592 1 This this DT 39142 2592 2 interesting interesting JJ 39142 2592 3 relation relation NN 39142 2592 4 comes come VBZ 39142 2592 5 out out RP 39142 2592 6 this this DT 39142 2592 7 way way NN 39142 2592 8 : : : 39142 2592 9 that that IN 39142 2592 10 the the DT 39142 2592 11 stars star NNS 39142 2592 12 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2592 13 can can MD 39142 2592 14 not not RB 39142 2592 15 see see VB 39142 2592 16 with with IN 39142 2592 17 the the DT 39142 2592 18 naked naked JJ 39142 2592 19 eye eye NN 39142 2592 20 give give VBP 39142 2592 21 a a DT 39142 2592 22 greater great JJR 39142 2592 23 total total NN 39142 2592 24 of of IN 39142 2592 25 light light NN 39142 2592 26 than than IN 39142 2592 27 those those DT 39142 2592 28 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2592 29 can can MD 39142 2592 30 because because IN 39142 2592 31 of of IN 39142 2592 32 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2592 33 vastly vastly RB 39142 2592 34 greater great JJR 39142 2592 35 numbers number NNS 39142 2592 36 . . . 39142 2593 1 And and CC 39142 2593 2 if if IN 39142 2593 3 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2593 4 calculate calculate VBP 39142 2593 5 the the DT 39142 2593 6 total total JJ 39142 2593 7 light light NN 39142 2593 8 of of IN 39142 2593 9 all all PDT 39142 2593 10 the the DT 39142 2593 11 brighter bright JJR 39142 2593 12 stars star NNS 39142 2593 13 down down RP 39142 2593 14 to to TO 39142 2593 15 magnitude magnitude VB 39142 2593 16 nine nine CD 39142 2593 17 and and CC 39142 2593 18 one one CD 39142 2593 19 - - HYPH 39142 2593 20 half half NN 39142 2593 21 , , , 39142 2593 22 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2593 23 find find VBP 39142 2593 24 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2593 25 equal equal JJ 39142 2593 26 to to IN 39142 2593 27 1/80th 1/80th CD 39142 2593 28 of of IN 39142 2593 29 the the DT 39142 2593 30 light light NN 39142 2593 31 of of IN 39142 2593 32 the the DT 39142 2593 33 average average JJ 39142 2593 34 full full JJ 39142 2593 35 moon moon NN 39142 2593 36 . . . 39142 2594 1 Many many JJ 39142 2594 2 stars star NNS 39142 2594 3 show show VBP 39142 2594 4 marked mark VBD 39142 2594 5 differences difference NNS 39142 2594 6 in in IN 39142 2594 7 color color NN 39142 2594 8 , , , 39142 2594 9 and and CC 39142 2594 10 strictly strictly RB 39142 2594 11 speaking speak VBG 39142 2594 12 the the DT 39142 2594 13 stars star NNS 39142 2594 14 are be VBP 39142 2594 15 now now RB 39142 2594 16 classified classify VBN 39142 2594 17 by by IN 39142 2594 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2594 19 colors color NNS 39142 2594 20 . . . 39142 2595 1 The the DT 39142 2595 2 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 2595 3 affects affect VBZ 39142 2595 4 star star NN 39142 2595 5 colors color NNS 39142 2595 6 very very RB 39142 2595 7 considerably considerably RB 39142 2595 8 , , , 39142 2595 9 low low JJ 39142 2595 10 altitudes altitude NNS 39142 2595 11 , , , 39142 2595 12 or or CC 39142 2595 13 greater great JJR 39142 2595 14 thickness thickness NN 39142 2595 15 of of IN 39142 2595 16 air air NN 39142 2595 17 , , , 39142 2595 18 absorbing absorb VBG 39142 2595 19 the the DT 39142 2595 20 bluish bluish JJ 39142 2595 21 rays ray NNS 39142 2595 22 more more RBR 39142 2595 23 strongly strongly RB 39142 2595 24 and and CC 39142 2595 25 making make VBG 39142 2595 26 the the DT 39142 2595 27 stars star NNS 39142 2595 28 appear appear VB 39142 2595 29 redder red JJR 39142 2595 30 than than IN 39142 2595 31 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2595 32 really really RB 39142 2595 33 are be VBP 39142 2595 34 . . . 39142 2596 1 Aldebaran Aldebaran NNP 39142 2596 2 , , , 39142 2596 3 Betelgeuse Betelgeuse NNP 39142 2596 4 and and CC 39142 2596 5 Antares Antares NNPS 39142 2596 6 are be VBP 39142 2596 7 well well RB 39142 2596 8 - - HYPH 39142 2596 9 known know VBN 39142 2596 10 red red JJ 39142 2596 11 stars star NNS 39142 2596 12 , , , 39142 2596 13 Capella Capella NNP 39142 2596 14 and and CC 39142 2596 15 Alpha Alpha NNP 39142 2596 16 Ceti Ceti NNP 39142 2596 17 yellowish yellowish NN 39142 2596 18 , , , 39142 2596 19 Vega Vega NNP 39142 2596 20 and and CC 39142 2596 21 Sirius Sirius NNP 39142 2596 22 blue blue JJ 39142 2596 23 , , , 39142 2596 24 and and CC 39142 2596 25 Procyon Procyon NNP 39142 2596 26 and and CC 39142 2596 27 Polaris Polaris NNP 39142 2596 28 white white JJ 39142 2596 29 . . . 39142 2597 1 Among among IN 39142 2597 2 the the DT 39142 2597 3 telescopic telescopic JJ 39142 2597 4 stars star NNS 39142 2597 5 are be VBP 39142 2597 6 many many JJ 39142 2597 7 of of IN 39142 2597 8 a a DT 39142 2597 9 deep deep JJ 39142 2597 10 blood blood NN 39142 2597 11 - - HYPH 39142 2597 12 red red JJ 39142 2597 13 tint tint NN 39142 2597 14 , , , 39142 2597 15 variable variable JJ 39142 2597 16 stars star NNS 39142 2597 17 being be VBG 39142 2597 18 numerous numerous JJ 39142 2597 19 among among IN 39142 2597 20 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2597 21 . . . 39142 2598 1 Double double JJ 39142 2598 2 stars star NNS 39142 2598 3 , , , 39142 2598 4 too too RB 39142 2598 5 , , , 39142 2598 6 are be VBP 39142 2598 7 often often RB 39142 2598 8 complementary complementary JJ 39142 2598 9 in in IN 39142 2598 10 color color NN 39142 2598 11 . . . 39142 2599 1 There there EX 39142 2599 2 is be VBZ 39142 2599 3 evidence evidence NN 39142 2599 4 indicating indicate VBG 39142 2599 5 change change NN 39142 2599 6 of of IN 39142 2599 7 color color NN 39142 2599 8 of of IN 39142 2599 9 a a DT 39142 2599 10 very very RB 39142 2599 11 few few JJ 39142 2599 12 stars star NNS 39142 2599 13 in in IN 39142 2599 14 long long JJ 39142 2599 15 periods period NNS 39142 2599 16 of of IN 39142 2599 17 time time NN 39142 2599 18 ; ; : 39142 2599 19 Sirius Sirius NNP 39142 2599 20 , , , 39142 2599 21 for for IN 39142 2599 22 example example NN 39142 2599 23 , , , 39142 2599 24 two two CD 39142 2599 25 thousand thousand CD 39142 2599 26 years year NNS 39142 2599 27 ago ago RB 39142 2599 28 was be VBD 39142 2599 29 a a DT 39142 2599 30 red red JJ 39142 2599 31 star star NN 39142 2599 32 , , , 39142 2599 33 now now RB 39142 2599 34 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2599 35 is be VBZ 39142 2599 36 blue blue JJ 39142 2599 37 or or CC 39142 2599 38 bluish bluish JJ 39142 2599 39 white white NN 39142 2599 40 . . . 39142 2600 1 But but CC 39142 2600 2 the the DT 39142 2600 3 meaning meaning NN 39142 2600 4 of of IN 39142 2600 5 color color NN 39142 2600 6 , , , 39142 2600 7 or or CC 39142 2600 8 change change NN 39142 2600 9 of of IN 39142 2600 10 color color NN 39142 2600 11 in in IN 39142 2600 12 a a DT 39142 2600 13 star star NN 39142 2600 14 is be VBZ 39142 2600 15 as as RB 39142 2600 16 yet yet RB 39142 2600 17 only only RB 39142 2600 18 incompletely incompletely RB 39142 2600 19 ascertained ascertain VBN 39142 2600 20 . . . 39142 2601 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 2601 2 may may MD 39142 2601 3 be be VB 39142 2601 4 connected connect VBN 39142 2601 5 with with IN 39142 2601 6 the the DT 39142 2601 7 radiative radiative JJ 39142 2601 8 intensity intensity NN 39142 2601 9 of of IN 39142 2601 10 the the DT 39142 2601 11 star star NN 39142 2601 12 , , , 39142 2601 13 or or CC 39142 2601 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2601 15 age age NN 39142 2601 16 , , , 39142 2601 17 or or CC 39142 2601 18 both both DT 39142 2601 19 . . . 39142 2602 1 The the DT 39142 2602 2 late late JJ 39142 2602 3 Professor Professor NNP 39142 2602 4 Edward Edward NNP 39142 2602 5 C. C. NNP 39142 2602 6 Pickering Pickering NNP 39142 2602 7 was be VBD 39142 2602 8 famous famous JJ 39142 2602 9 for for IN 39142 2602 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2602 11 life life NN 39142 2602 12 - - HYPH 39142 2602 13 long long JJ 39142 2602 14 study study NN 39142 2602 15 and and CC 39142 2602 16 determination determination NN 39142 2602 17 of of IN 39142 2602 18 the the DT 39142 2602 19 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 2602 20 of of IN 39142 2602 21 the the DT 39142 2602 22 stars star NNS 39142 2602 23 . . . 39142 2603 1 Standards standard NNS 39142 2603 2 of of IN 39142 2603 3 comparison comparison NN 39142 2603 4 have have VBP 39142 2603 5 been be VBN 39142 2603 6 many many JJ 39142 2603 7 , , , 39142 2603 8 and and CC 39142 2603 9 have have VBP 39142 2603 10 led lead VBN 39142 2603 11 to to IN 39142 2603 12 much much JJ 39142 2603 13 unnecessary unnecessary JJ 39142 2603 14 work work NN 39142 2603 15 . . . 39142 2604 1 Pickering pickering NN 39142 2604 2 chose choose VBD 39142 2604 3 Polaris Polaris NNP 39142 2604 4 as as IN 39142 2604 5 a a DT 39142 2604 6 standard standard NN 39142 2604 7 and and CC 39142 2604 8 devised devise VBD 39142 2604 9 the the DT 39142 2604 10 meridian meridian NNP 39142 2604 11 photometer photometer NNP 39142 2604 12 , , , 39142 2604 13 an an DT 39142 2604 14 ingenious ingenious JJ 39142 2604 15 instrument instrument NN 39142 2604 16 of of IN 39142 2604 17 high high JJ 39142 2604 18 accuracy accuracy NN 39142 2604 19 , , , 39142 2604 20 in in IN 39142 2604 21 which which WDT 39142 2604 22 the the DT 39142 2604 23 light light NN 39142 2604 24 of of IN 39142 2604 25 a a DT 39142 2604 26 star star NN 39142 2604 27 is be VBZ 39142 2604 28 compared compare VBN 39142 2604 29 directly directly RB 39142 2604 30 with with IN 39142 2604 31 that that DT 39142 2604 32 of of IN 39142 2604 33 the the DT 39142 2604 34 pole pole NNP 39142 2604 35 star star NN 39142 2604 36 by by IN 39142 2604 37 reflection reflection NN 39142 2604 38 . . . 39142 2605 1 All all PDT 39142 2605 2 the the DT 39142 2605 3 bright bright JJ 39142 2605 4 stars star NNS 39142 2605 5 of of IN 39142 2605 6 both both CC 39142 2605 7 the the DT 39142 2605 8 northern northern JJ 39142 2605 9 and and CC 39142 2605 10 the the DT 39142 2605 11 southern southern JJ 39142 2605 12 skies sky NNS 39142 2605 13 are be VBP 39142 2605 14 worked work VBN 39142 2605 15 into into IN 39142 2605 16 a a DT 39142 2605 17 standard standard JJ 39142 2605 18 system system NN 39142 2605 19 of of IN 39142 2605 20 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 2605 21 known know VBN 39142 2605 22 as as IN 39142 2605 23 HP HP NNP 39142 2605 24 , , , 39142 2605 25 or or CC 39142 2605 26 the the DT 39142 2605 27 Harvard Harvard NNP 39142 2605 28 Photometry Photometry NNP 39142 2605 29 . . . 39142 2606 1 Astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2606 2 make make VBP 39142 2606 3 use use NN 39142 2606 4 of of IN 39142 2606 5 several several JJ 39142 2606 6 different different JJ 39142 2606 7 kinds kind NNS 39142 2606 8 of of IN 39142 2606 9 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2606 10 for for IN 39142 2606 11 the the DT 39142 2606 12 stars star NNS 39142 2606 13 : : : 39142 2606 14 the the DT 39142 2606 15 apparent apparent JJ 39142 2606 16 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2606 17 , , , 39142 2606 18 as as IN 39142 2606 19 the the DT 39142 2606 20 eye eye NN 39142 2606 21 sees see VBZ 39142 2606 22 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2606 23 , , , 39142 2606 24 often often RB 39142 2606 25 called call VBD 39142 2606 26 the the DT 39142 2606 27 visual visual JJ 39142 2606 28 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2606 29 ; ; : 39142 2606 30 the the DT 39142 2606 31 photographic photographic JJ 39142 2606 32 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2606 33 , , , 39142 2606 34 as as IN 39142 2606 35 the the DT 39142 2606 36 photographic photographic JJ 39142 2606 37 plate plate NN 39142 2606 38 records record VBZ 39142 2606 39 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2606 40 , , , 39142 2606 41 and and CC 39142 2606 42 these these DT 39142 2606 43 are be VBP 39142 2606 44 now now RB 39142 2606 45 determined determine VBN 39142 2606 46 with with IN 39142 2606 47 the the DT 39142 2606 48 highest high JJS 39142 2606 49 accuracy accuracy NN 39142 2606 50 ; ; : 39142 2606 51 the the DT 39142 2606 52 photovisual photovisual JJ 39142 2606 53 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2606 54 , , , 39142 2606 55 quite quite PDT 39142 2606 56 the the DT 39142 2606 57 same same JJ 39142 2606 58 as as IN 39142 2606 59 the the DT 39142 2606 60 visual visual JJ 39142 2606 61 , , , 39142 2606 62 but but CC 39142 2606 63 determined determine VBD 39142 2606 64 photographically photographically RB 39142 2606 65 on on IN 39142 2606 66 an an DT 39142 2606 67 isochromatic isochromatic JJ 39142 2606 68 plate plate NN 39142 2606 69 with with IN 39142 2606 70 a a DT 39142 2606 71 yellow yellow JJ 39142 2606 72 screen screen NN 39142 2606 73 or or CC 39142 2606 74 filter filter NN 39142 2606 75 , , , 39142 2606 76 so so IN 39142 2606 77 that that IN 39142 2606 78 the the DT 39142 2606 79 intensity intensity NN 39142 2606 80 is be VBZ 39142 2606 81 nearly nearly RB 39142 2606 82 the the DT 39142 2606 83 same same JJ 39142 2606 84 as as IN 39142 2606 85 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2606 86 appears appear VBZ 39142 2606 87 to to IN 39142 2606 88 the the DT 39142 2606 89 eye eye NN 39142 2606 90 . . . 39142 2607 1 The the DT 39142 2607 2 difference difference NN 39142 2607 3 between between IN 39142 2607 4 the the DT 39142 2607 5 star star NN 39142 2607 6 's 's POS 39142 2607 7 visual visual JJ 39142 2607 8 or or CC 39142 2607 9 photovisual photovisual JJ 39142 2607 10 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2607 11 and and CC 39142 2607 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2607 13 photographic photographic JJ 39142 2607 14 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2607 15 is be VBZ 39142 2607 16 called call VBN 39142 2607 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2607 18 color color NN 39142 2607 19 - - HYPH 39142 2607 20 index index NN 39142 2607 21 , , , 39142 2607 22 and and CC 39142 2607 23 is be VBZ 39142 2607 24 often often RB 39142 2607 25 used use VBN 39142 2607 26 as as IN 39142 2607 27 a a DT 39142 2607 28 measure measure NN 39142 2607 29 of of IN 39142 2607 30 the the DT 39142 2607 31 star star NN 39142 2607 32 's 's POS 39142 2607 33 color color NN 39142 2607 34 . . . 39142 2608 1 Light light NN 39142 2608 2 of of IN 39142 2608 3 the the DT 39142 2608 4 shorter short JJR 39142 2608 5 wave wave NN 39142 2608 6 lengths length NNS 39142 2608 7 , , , 39142 2608 8 as as IN 39142 2608 9 blue blue JJ 39142 2608 10 and and CC 39142 2608 11 violet violet NN 39142 2608 12 , , , 39142 2608 13 affects affect VBZ 39142 2608 14 the the DT 39142 2608 15 photographic photographic JJ 39142 2608 16 plate plate NN 39142 2608 17 more more RBR 39142 2608 18 rapidly rapidly RB 39142 2608 19 than than IN 39142 2608 20 the the DT 39142 2608 21 reds red NNS 39142 2608 22 and and CC 39142 2608 23 yellows yellow NNS 39142 2608 24 of of IN 39142 2608 25 longer long JJR 39142 2608 26 wave wave VBP 39142 2608 27 length length NN 39142 2608 28 by by IN 39142 2608 29 which which WDT 39142 2608 30 the the DT 39142 2608 31 eye eye NN 39142 2608 32 mainly mainly RB 39142 2608 33 sees see VBZ 39142 2608 34 ; ; : 39142 2608 35 so so CC 39142 2608 36 that that IN 39142 2608 37 red red JJ 39142 2608 38 stars star NNS 39142 2608 39 will will MD 39142 2608 40 appear appear VB 39142 2608 41 much much JJ 39142 2608 42 fainter fainter NN 39142 2608 43 and and CC 39142 2608 44 blue blue JJ 39142 2608 45 stars star NNS 39142 2608 46 much much RB 39142 2608 47 brighter bright JJR 39142 2608 48 on on IN 39142 2608 49 the the DT 39142 2608 50 ordinary ordinary JJ 39142 2608 51 photographic photographic JJ 39142 2608 52 plate plate NN 39142 2608 53 than than IN 39142 2608 54 the the DT 39142 2608 55 eye eye NN 39142 2608 56 sees see VBZ 39142 2608 57 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2608 58 . . . 39142 2609 1 So so RB 39142 2609 2 great great JJ 39142 2609 3 are be VBP 39142 2609 4 the the DT 39142 2609 5 differences difference NNS 39142 2609 6 of of IN 39142 2609 7 color color NN 39142 2609 8 in in IN 39142 2609 9 the the DT 39142 2609 10 stars star NNS 39142 2609 11 that that WDT 39142 2609 12 well well RB 39142 2609 13 - - HYPH 39142 2609 14 known know VBN 39142 2609 15 asterisms asterism NNS 39142 2609 16 , , , 39142 2609 17 with with IN 39142 2609 18 which which WDT 39142 2609 19 the the DT 39142 2609 20 eye eye NN 39142 2609 21 is be VBZ 39142 2609 22 perfectly perfectly RB 39142 2609 23 familiar familiar JJ 39142 2609 24 , , , 39142 2609 25 are be VBP 39142 2609 26 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 2609 27 quite quite RB 39142 2609 28 unrecognizable unrecognizable JJ 39142 2609 29 on on IN 39142 2609 30 the the DT 39142 2609 31 photographic photographic JJ 39142 2609 32 plate plate NN 39142 2609 33 , , , 39142 2609 34 except except IN 39142 2609 35 by by IN 39142 2609 36 relative relative JJ 39142 2609 37 positions position NNS 39142 2609 38 of of IN 39142 2609 39 the the DT 39142 2609 40 stars star NNS 39142 2609 41 composing compose VBG 39142 2609 42 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2609 43 . . . 39142 2610 1 White white JJ 39142 2610 2 stars star NNS 39142 2610 3 affect affect VBP 39142 2610 4 the the DT 39142 2610 5 eye eye NN 39142 2610 6 and and CC 39142 2610 7 the the DT 39142 2610 8 plate plate NN 39142 2610 9 about about IN 39142 2610 10 equally equally RB 39142 2610 11 , , , 39142 2610 12 so so IN 39142 2610 13 that that IN 39142 2610 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2610 15 visual visual JJ 39142 2610 16 or or CC 39142 2610 17 photovisual photovisual JJ 39142 2610 18 and and CC 39142 2610 19 photographic photographic JJ 39142 2610 20 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 2610 21 are be VBP 39142 2610 22 about about RB 39142 2610 23 equal equal JJ 39142 2610 24 . . . 39142 2611 1 The the DT 39142 2611 2 studies study NNS 39142 2611 3 of of IN 39142 2611 4 the the DT 39142 2611 5 colors color NNS 39142 2611 6 of of IN 39142 2611 7 the the DT 39142 2611 8 stars star NNS 39142 2611 9 , , , 39142 2611 10 the the DT 39142 2611 11 different different JJ 39142 2611 12 methods method NNS 39142 2611 13 of of IN 39142 2611 14 determining determine VBG 39142 2611 15 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2611 16 , , , 39142 2611 17 and and CC 39142 2611 18 the the DT 39142 2611 19 relations relation NNS 39142 2611 20 of of IN 39142 2611 21 color color NN 39142 2611 22 to to IN 39142 2611 23 constitution constitution NN 39142 2611 24 have have VBP 39142 2611 25 been be VBN 39142 2611 26 made make VBN 39142 2611 27 the the DT 39142 2611 28 subject subject NN 39142 2611 29 of of IN 39142 2611 30 especial especial JJ 39142 2611 31 investigation investigation NN 39142 2611 32 by by IN 39142 2611 33 Seares Seares NNP 39142 2611 34 of of IN 39142 2611 35 Mount Mount NNP 39142 2611 36 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 2611 37 and and CC 39142 2611 38 many many JJ 39142 2611 39 other other JJ 39142 2611 40 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2611 41 . . . 39142 2612 1 Centuries century NNS 39142 2612 2 of of IN 39142 2612 3 the the DT 39142 2612 4 work work NN 39142 2612 5 of of IN 39142 2612 6 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2612 7 have have VBP 39142 2612 8 been be VBN 39142 2612 9 faithfully faithfully RB 39142 2612 10 devoted devote VBN 39142 2612 11 to to IN 39142 2612 12 mapping map VBG 39142 2612 13 or or CC 39142 2612 14 charting chart VBG 39142 2612 15 the the DT 39142 2612 16 stars star NNS 39142 2612 17 and and CC 39142 2612 18 cataloguing catalogue VBG 39142 2612 19 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2612 20 . . . 39142 2613 1 Just just RB 39142 2613 2 as as IN 39142 2613 3 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2613 4 have have VBP 39142 2613 5 geographical geographical JJ 39142 2613 6 maps map NNS 39142 2613 7 of of IN 39142 2613 8 countries country NNS 39142 2613 9 , , , 39142 2613 10 so so CC 39142 2613 11 the the DT 39142 2613 12 heavens heaven NNS 39142 2613 13 are be VBP 39142 2613 14 parceled parcel VBN 39142 2613 15 out out RP 39142 2613 16 in in IN 39142 2613 17 sections section NNS 39142 2613 18 , , , 39142 2613 19 and and CC 39142 2613 20 the the DT 39142 2613 21 stars star NNS 39142 2613 22 set set VBN 39142 2613 23 down down RP 39142 2613 24 in in IN 39142 2613 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2613 26 true true JJ 39142 2613 27 relative relative JJ 39142 2613 28 positions position NNS 39142 2613 29 just just RB 39142 2613 30 as as IN 39142 2613 31 cities city NNS 39142 2613 32 are be VBP 39142 2613 33 on on IN 39142 2613 34 the the DT 39142 2613 35 map map NN 39142 2613 36 . . . 39142 2614 1 Recent recent JJ 39142 2614 2 years year NNS 39142 2614 3 have have VBP 39142 2614 4 added add VBN 39142 2614 5 photographic photographic JJ 39142 2614 6 charts chart NNS 39142 2614 7 , , , 39142 2614 8 especially especially RB 39142 2614 9 of of IN 39142 2614 10 detailed detailed JJ 39142 2614 11 regions region NNS 39142 2614 12 of of IN 39142 2614 13 the the DT 39142 2614 14 sky sky NN 39142 2614 15 ; ; : 39142 2614 16 but but CC 39142 2614 17 owing owe VBG 39142 2614 18 to to IN 39142 2614 19 spectral spectral JJ 39142 2614 20 differences difference NNS 39142 2614 21 of of IN 39142 2614 22 the the DT 39142 2614 23 stars star NNS 39142 2614 24 , , , 39142 2614 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2614 26 photographic photographic JJ 39142 2614 27 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 2614 28 are be VBP 39142 2614 29 often often RB 39142 2614 30 quite quite RB 39142 2614 31 different different JJ 39142 2614 32 from from IN 39142 2614 33 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2614 34 visual visual JJ 39142 2614 35 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 2614 36 . . . 39142 2615 1 From from IN 39142 2615 2 these these DT 39142 2615 3 maps map NNS 39142 2615 4 and and CC 39142 2615 5 charts chart VBZ 39142 2615 6 the the DT 39142 2615 7 positions position NNS 39142 2615 8 of of IN 39142 2615 9 the the DT 39142 2615 10 stars star NNS 39142 2615 11 can can MD 39142 2615 12 be be VB 39142 2615 13 found find VBN 39142 2615 14 with with IN 39142 2615 15 much much JJ 39142 2615 16 precision precision NN 39142 2615 17 ; ; : 39142 2615 18 but but CC 39142 2615 19 if if IN 39142 2615 20 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2615 21 want want VBP 39142 2615 22 the the DT 39142 2615 23 utmost utmost JJ 39142 2615 24 accuracy accuracy NN 39142 2615 25 , , , 39142 2615 26 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2615 27 must must MD 39142 2615 28 go go VB 39142 2615 29 to to IN 39142 2615 30 the the DT 39142 2615 31 star star NN 39142 2615 32 catalogues catalogue NNS 39142 2615 33 -- -- : 39142 2615 34 huge huge JJ 39142 2615 35 volumes volume NNS 39142 2615 36 oftentimes oftentime NNS 39142 2615 37 , , , 39142 2615 38 with with IN 39142 2615 39 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2615 40 positions position NNS 39142 2615 41 set set VBD 39142 2615 42 down down RP 39142 2615 43 therein therein RB 39142 2615 44 with with IN 39142 2615 45 the the DT 39142 2615 46 last last JJ 39142 2615 47 degree degree NN 39142 2615 48 of of IN 39142 2615 49 precision precision NN 39142 2615 50 . . . 39142 2616 1 First first RB 39142 2616 2 there there EX 39142 2616 3 will will MD 39142 2616 4 be be VB 39142 2616 5 the the DT 39142 2616 6 star star NN 39142 2616 7 's 's POS 39142 2616 8 name name NN 39142 2616 9 , , , 39142 2616 10 and and CC 39142 2616 11 in in IN 39142 2616 12 the the DT 39142 2616 13 next next JJ 39142 2616 14 column column NN 39142 2616 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2616 16 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2616 17 , , , 39142 2616 18 and and CC 39142 2616 19 in in IN 39142 2616 20 a a DT 39142 2616 21 third third JJ 39142 2616 22 the the DT 39142 2616 23 star star NN 39142 2616 24 's 's POS 39142 2616 25 right right JJ 39142 2616 26 ascension ascension NN 39142 2616 27 . . . 39142 2617 1 This this DT 39142 2617 2 is be VBZ 39142 2617 3 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2617 4 angular angular JJ 39142 2617 5 distance distance NN 39142 2617 6 eastward eastward RB 39142 2617 7 around around IN 39142 2617 8 the the DT 39142 2617 9 celestial celestial JJ 39142 2617 10 sphere sphere NN 39142 2617 11 starting start VBG 39142 2617 12 from from IN 39142 2617 13 the the DT 39142 2617 14 vernal vernal JJ 39142 2617 15 equinox equinox NN 39142 2617 16 , , , 39142 2617 17 and and CC 39142 2617 18 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2617 19 corresponds correspond VBZ 39142 2617 20 quite quite RB 39142 2617 21 closely closely RB 39142 2617 22 to to IN 39142 2617 23 the the DT 39142 2617 24 longitude longitude NN 39142 2617 25 of of IN 39142 2617 26 a a DT 39142 2617 27 place place NN 39142 2617 28 which which WDT 39142 2617 29 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2617 30 should should MD 39142 2617 31 get get VB 39142 2617 32 from from IN 39142 2617 33 a a DT 39142 2617 34 gazetteer gazetteer NN 39142 2617 35 , , , 39142 2617 36 if if IN 39142 2617 37 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2617 38 wished wish VBD 39142 2617 39 to to TO 39142 2617 40 locate locate VB 39142 2617 41 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2617 42 on on IN 39142 2617 43 the the DT 39142 2617 44 earth earth NN 39142 2617 45 . . . 39142 2618 1 Then then RB 39142 2618 2 another another DT 39142 2618 3 column column NN 39142 2618 4 of of IN 39142 2618 5 the the DT 39142 2618 6 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 2618 7 will will MD 39142 2618 8 give give VB 39142 2618 9 the the DT 39142 2618 10 star star NN 39142 2618 11 's 's POS 39142 2618 12 declination declination NN 39142 2618 13 , , , 39142 2618 14 north north NN 39142 2618 15 or or CC 39142 2618 16 south south RB 39142 2618 17 of of IN 39142 2618 18 the the DT 39142 2618 19 equator equator NN 39142 2618 20 , , , 39142 2618 21 just just RB 39142 2618 22 as as IN 39142 2618 23 the the DT 39142 2618 24 gazetteer gazetteer NN 39142 2618 25 will will MD 39142 2618 26 locate locate VB 39142 2618 27 a a DT 39142 2618 28 city city NN 39142 2618 29 by by IN 39142 2618 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2618 31 north north NN 39142 2618 32 or or CC 39142 2618 33 south south JJ 39142 2618 34 latitude latitude NN 39142 2618 35 . . . 39142 2619 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39142 2619 2 XLV XLV NNP 39142 2619 3 STAR STAR NNP 39142 2619 4 CHARTS charts NN 39142 2619 5 AND and CC 39142 2619 6 CATALOGUES catalogues NN 39142 2619 7 Who who WP 39142 2619 8 made make VBD 39142 2619 9 the the DT 39142 2619 10 first first JJ 39142 2619 11 star star NN 39142 2619 12 chart chart NN 39142 2619 13 or or CC 39142 2619 14 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 2619 15 ? ? . 39142 2620 1 There there EX 39142 2620 2 is be VBZ 39142 2620 3 little little JJ 39142 2620 4 doubt doubt NN 39142 2620 5 that that IN 39142 2620 6 Eudoxus Eudoxus NNP 39142 2620 7 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2620 8 B. B. NNP 39142 2620 9 C. C. NNP 39142 2620 10 200 200 CD 39142 2620 11 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2620 12 was be VBD 39142 2620 13 the the DT 39142 2620 14 first first JJ 39142 2620 15 to to TO 39142 2620 16 set set VB 39142 2620 17 down down RP 39142 2620 18 the the DT 39142 2620 19 positions position NNS 39142 2620 20 of of IN 39142 2620 21 all all PDT 39142 2620 22 the the DT 39142 2620 23 brighter bright JJR 39142 2620 24 stars star NNS 39142 2620 25 on on IN 39142 2620 26 a a DT 39142 2620 27 celestial celestial JJ 39142 2620 28 globe globe NN 39142 2620 29 , , , 39142 2620 30 and and CC 39142 2620 31 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2620 32 did do VBD 39142 2620 33 this this DT 39142 2620 34 from from IN 39142 2620 35 observations observation NNS 39142 2620 36 with with IN 39142 2620 37 a a DT 39142 2620 38 gnomon gnomon NN 39142 2620 39 and and CC 39142 2620 40 an an DT 39142 2620 41 armillary armillary JJ 39142 2620 42 sphere sphere NN 39142 2620 43 . . . 39142 2621 1 Later later RB 39142 2621 2 Hipparchus Hipparchus NNP 39142 2621 3 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2621 4 B. B. NNP 39142 2621 5 C. C. NNP 39142 2621 6 130 130 CD 39142 2621 7 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2621 8 constructed construct VBD 39142 2621 9 the the DT 39142 2621 10 first first JJ 39142 2621 11 known know VBN 39142 2621 12 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 2621 13 of of IN 39142 2621 14 stars star NNS 39142 2621 15 , , , 39142 2621 16 so so IN 39142 2621 17 that that IN 39142 2621 18 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2621 19 of of IN 39142 2621 20 a a DT 39142 2621 21 later later JJ 39142 2621 22 day day NN 39142 2621 23 might may MD 39142 2621 24 discover discover VB 39142 2621 25 what what WP 39142 2621 26 changes change NNS 39142 2621 27 are be VBP 39142 2621 28 in in IN 39142 2621 29 progress progress NN 39142 2621 30 among among IN 39142 2621 31 the the DT 39142 2621 32 stars star NNS 39142 2621 33 , , , 39142 2621 34 either either CC 39142 2621 35 in in IN 39142 2621 36 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2621 37 relative relative JJ 39142 2621 38 positions position NNS 39142 2621 39 or or CC 39142 2621 40 caused cause VBN 39142 2621 41 by by IN 39142 2621 42 old old JJ 39142 2621 43 stars star NNS 39142 2621 44 disappearing disappear VBG 39142 2621 45 or or CC 39142 2621 46 new new JJ 39142 2621 47 stars star NNS 39142 2621 48 appearing appear VBG 39142 2621 49 at at IN 39142 2621 50 times time NNS 39142 2621 51 in in IN 39142 2621 52 the the DT 39142 2621 53 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 2621 54 . . . 39142 2622 1 Hipparchus Hipparchus NNP 39142 2622 2 was be VBD 39142 2622 3 an an DT 39142 2622 4 accurate accurate JJ 39142 2622 5 observer observer NN 39142 2622 6 , , , 39142 2622 7 and and CC 39142 2622 8 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2622 9 discovered discover VBD 39142 2622 10 an an DT 39142 2622 11 apparent apparent JJ 39142 2622 12 and and CC 39142 2622 13 perpetual perpetual JJ 39142 2622 14 shifting shifting NN 39142 2622 15 of of IN 39142 2622 16 the the DT 39142 2622 17 vernal vernal JJ 39142 2622 18 equinox equinox JJ 39142 2622 19 westward westward NN 39142 2622 20 , , , 39142 2622 21 by by IN 39142 2622 22 which which WDT 39142 2622 23 the the DT 39142 2622 24 right right JJ 39142 2622 25 ascensions ascension NNS 39142 2622 26 of of IN 39142 2622 27 the the DT 39142 2622 28 stars star NNS 39142 2622 29 are be VBP 39142 2622 30 all all PDT 39142 2622 31 the the DT 39142 2622 32 time time NN 39142 2622 33 increasing increase VBG 39142 2622 34 . . . 39142 2623 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 2623 2 determined determine VBD 39142 2623 3 the the DT 39142 2623 4 amount amount NN 39142 2623 5 of of IN 39142 2623 6 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2623 7 pretty pretty RB 39142 2623 8 accurately accurately RB 39142 2623 9 , , , 39142 2623 10 too too RB 39142 2623 11 . . . 39142 2624 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2624 2 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 2624 3 contained contain VBD 39142 2624 4 1,080 1,080 CD 39142 2624 5 stars star NNS 39142 2624 6 , , , 39142 2624 7 and and CC 39142 2624 8 is be VBZ 39142 2624 9 printed print VBN 39142 2624 10 in in IN 39142 2624 11 the the DT 39142 2624 12 " " `` 39142 2624 13 Almagest Almagest NNP 39142 2624 14 " " '' 39142 2624 15 of of IN 39142 2624 16 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 2624 17 . . . 39142 2625 1 Centuries century NNS 39142 2625 2 elapsed elapse VBD 39142 2625 3 before before IN 39142 2625 4 a a DT 39142 2625 5 second second JJ 39142 2625 6 star star NN 39142 2625 7 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 2625 8 was be VBD 39142 2625 9 made make VBN 39142 2625 10 , , , 39142 2625 11 by by IN 39142 2625 12 Ulugh Ulugh NNP 39142 2625 13 - - HYPH 39142 2625 14 Beg Beg NNP 39142 2625 15 , , , 39142 2625 16 an an DT 39142 2625 17 Arabian arabian JJ 39142 2625 18 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 2625 19 , , , 39142 2625 20 A. A. NNP 39142 2625 21 D. D. NNP 39142 2625 22 1420 1420 CD 39142 2625 23 , , , 39142 2625 24 who who WP 39142 2625 25 was be VBD 39142 2625 26 a a DT 39142 2625 27 son son NN 39142 2625 28 of of IN 39142 2625 29 Tamerlane Tamerlane NNP 39142 2625 30 , , , 39142 2625 31 the the DT 39142 2625 32 Tartar Tartar NNP 39142 2625 33 monarch monarch NN 39142 2625 34 of of IN 39142 2625 35 Samarcand Samarcand NNP 39142 2625 36 , , , 39142 2625 37 where where WRB 39142 2625 38 the the DT 39142 2625 39 observations observation NNS 39142 2625 40 for for IN 39142 2625 41 the the DT 39142 2625 42 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 2625 43 were be VBD 39142 2625 44 made make VBN 39142 2625 45 . . . 39142 2626 1 The the DT 39142 2626 2 stars star NNS 39142 2626 3 were be VBD 39142 2626 4 mainly mainly RB 39142 2626 5 those those DT 39142 2626 6 of of IN 39142 2626 7 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 2626 8 , , , 39142 2626 9 and and CC 39142 2626 10 much much RB 39142 2626 11 the the DT 39142 2626 12 same same JJ 39142 2626 13 stars star NNS 39142 2626 14 were be VBD 39142 2626 15 reobserved reobserve VBN 39142 2626 16 by by IN 39142 2626 17 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 2626 18 Brahe Brahe NNP 39142 2626 19 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2626 20 A. A. NNP 39142 2626 21 D. D. NNP 39142 2626 22 1580 1580 CD 39142 2626 23 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2626 24 with with IN 39142 2626 25 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2626 26 greatly greatly RB 39142 2626 27 improved improved JJ 39142 2626 28 instruments instrument NNS 39142 2626 29 , , , 39142 2626 30 thus thus RB 39142 2626 31 forming form VBG 39142 2626 32 the the DT 39142 2626 33 third third JJ 39142 2626 34 and and CC 39142 2626 35 last last JJ 39142 2626 36 star star NN 39142 2626 37 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 2626 38 of of IN 39142 2626 39 importance importance NN 39142 2626 40 before before IN 39142 2626 41 the the DT 39142 2626 42 invention invention NN 39142 2626 43 of of IN 39142 2626 44 the the DT 39142 2626 45 telescope telescope NN 39142 2626 46 . . . 39142 2627 1 From from IN 39142 2627 2 the the DT 39142 2627 3 end end NN 39142 2627 4 of of IN 39142 2627 5 the the DT 39142 2627 6 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 39142 2627 7 century century NN 39142 2627 8 onward onward RB 39142 2627 9 , , , 39142 2627 10 the the DT 39142 2627 11 application application NN 39142 2627 12 of of IN 39142 2627 13 the the DT 39142 2627 14 telescope telescope NN 39142 2627 15 to to IN 39142 2627 16 all all PDT 39142 2627 17 the the DT 39142 2627 18 types type NNS 39142 2627 19 of of IN 39142 2627 20 instruments instrument NNS 39142 2627 21 for for IN 39142 2627 22 making make VBG 39142 2627 23 observations observation NNS 39142 2627 24 of of IN 39142 2627 25 star star NN 39142 2627 26 places place NNS 39142 2627 27 has have VBZ 39142 2627 28 increased increase VBN 39142 2627 29 the the DT 39142 2627 30 accuracy accuracy NN 39142 2627 31 many many JJ 39142 2627 32 - - HYPH 39142 2627 33 fold fold JJ 39142 2627 34 . . . 39142 2628 1 The the DT 39142 2628 2 entire entire JJ 39142 2628 3 heavens heaven NNS 39142 2628 4 has have VBZ 39142 2628 5 been be VBN 39142 2628 6 covered cover VBN 39142 2628 7 by by IN 39142 2628 8 Argelander Argelander NNP 39142 2628 9 in in IN 39142 2628 10 the the DT 39142 2628 11 northern northern JJ 39142 2628 12 hemisphere hemisphere NN 39142 2628 13 , , , 39142 2628 14 and and CC 39142 2628 15 Gould Gould NNP 39142 2628 16 in in IN 39142 2628 17 the the DT 39142 2628 18 southern southern JJ 39142 2628 19 -- -- : 39142 2628 20 over over IN 39142 2628 21 700,000 700,000 CD 39142 2628 22 stars star NNS 39142 2628 23 in in IN 39142 2628 24 all all DT 39142 2628 25 . . . 39142 2629 1 Many many JJ 39142 2629 2 government government NN 39142 2629 3 observatories observatory NNS 39142 2629 4 are be VBP 39142 2629 5 still still RB 39142 2629 6 at at IN 39142 2629 7 work work NN 39142 2629 8 cataloguing catalogue VBG 39142 2629 9 the the DT 39142 2629 10 stars star NNS 39142 2629 11 . . . 39142 2630 1 The the DT 39142 2630 2 Carnegie Carnegie NNP 39142 2630 3 Institution Institution NNP 39142 2630 4 of of IN 39142 2630 5 Washington Washington NNP 39142 2630 6 maintains maintain VBZ 39142 2630 7 a a DT 39142 2630 8 department department NN 39142 2630 9 of of IN 39142 2630 10 astrometry astrometry NN 39142 2630 11 under under IN 39142 2630 12 Boss Boss NNP 39142 2630 13 of of IN 39142 2630 14 Albany Albany NNP 39142 2630 15 , , , 39142 2630 16 which which WDT 39142 2630 17 has have VBZ 39142 2630 18 already already RB 39142 2630 19 issued issue VBN 39142 2630 20 a a DT 39142 2630 21 preliminary preliminary JJ 39142 2630 22 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 2630 23 of of IN 39142 2630 24 more more JJR 39142 2630 25 than than IN 39142 2630 26 6,000 6,000 CD 39142 2630 27 stars star NNS 39142 2630 28 , , , 39142 2630 29 and and CC 39142 2630 30 has have VBZ 39142 2630 31 a a DT 39142 2630 32 great great JJ 39142 2630 33 general general JJ 39142 2630 34 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 2630 35 in in IN 39142 2630 36 progress progress NN 39142 2630 37 , , , 39142 2630 38 together together RB 39142 2630 39 with with IN 39142 2630 40 investigations investigation NNS 39142 2630 41 of of IN 39142 2630 42 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2630 43 motions motion NNS 39142 2630 44 and and CC 39142 2630 45 parallaxes parallax NNS 39142 2630 46 . . . 39142 2631 1 This this DT 39142 2631 2 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 2631 3 of of IN 39142 2631 4 star star NN 39142 2631 5 positions position NNS 39142 2631 6 will will MD 39142 2631 7 include include VB 39142 2631 8 proper proper JJ 39142 2631 9 motions motion NNS 39142 2631 10 of of IN 39142 2631 11 stars star NNS 39142 2631 12 to to IN 39142 2631 13 the the DT 39142 2631 14 seventh seventh JJ 39142 2631 15 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2631 16 . . . 39142 2632 1 In in IN 39142 2632 2 1887 1887 CD 39142 2632 3 on on IN 39142 2632 4 proposal proposal NN 39142 2632 5 of of IN 39142 2632 6 the the DT 39142 2632 7 late late JJ 39142 2632 8 Sir Sir NNP 39142 2632 9 David David NNP 39142 2632 10 Gill Gill NNP 39142 2632 11 , , , 39142 2632 12 an an DT 39142 2632 13 international international JJ 39142 2632 14 congress congress NN 39142 2632 15 of of IN 39142 2632 16 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2632 17 met meet VBD 39142 2632 18 at at IN 39142 2632 19 Paris Paris NNP 39142 2632 20 and and CC 39142 2632 21 arranged arrange VBD 39142 2632 22 for for IN 39142 2632 23 the the DT 39142 2632 24 construction construction NN 39142 2632 25 of of IN 39142 2632 26 a a DT 39142 2632 27 photographic photographic JJ 39142 2632 28 chart chart NN 39142 2632 29 of of IN 39142 2632 30 the the DT 39142 2632 31 entire entire JJ 39142 2632 32 heavens heaven NNS 39142 2632 33 , , , 39142 2632 34 allotting allot VBG 39142 2632 35 the the DT 39142 2632 36 work work NN 39142 2632 37 to to IN 39142 2632 38 eighteen eighteen CD 39142 2632 39 observatories observatory NNS 39142 2632 40 , , , 39142 2632 41 equipped equip VBN 39142 2632 42 with with IN 39142 2632 43 photographic photographic JJ 39142 2632 44 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 2632 45 essentially essentially RB 39142 2632 46 alike alike RB 39142 2632 47 . . . 39142 2633 1 The the DT 39142 2633 2 total total JJ 39142 2633 3 number number NN 39142 2633 4 of of IN 39142 2633 5 plates plate NNS 39142 2633 6 exceeds exceed VBZ 39142 2633 7 25,000 25,000 CD 39142 2633 8 . . . 39142 2634 1 Stars star NNS 39142 2634 2 of of IN 39142 2634 3 the the DT 39142 2634 4 fourteenth fourteenth JJ 39142 2634 5 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2634 6 are be VBP 39142 2634 7 recorded record VBN 39142 2634 8 , , , 39142 2634 9 but but CC 39142 2634 10 only only RB 39142 2634 11 those those DT 39142 2634 12 including include VBG 39142 2634 13 the the DT 39142 2634 14 eleventh eleventh JJ 39142 2634 15 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2634 16 will will MD 39142 2634 17 be be VB 39142 2634 18 catalogued catalogue VBN 39142 2634 19 , , , 39142 2634 20 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2634 21 2,000,000 2,000,000 CD 39142 2634 22 in in IN 39142 2634 23 all all DT 39142 2634 24 . . . 39142 2635 1 The the DT 39142 2635 2 expense expense NN 39142 2635 3 of of IN 39142 2635 4 this this DT 39142 2635 5 comprehensive comprehensive JJ 39142 2635 6 map map NN 39142 2635 7 of of IN 39142 2635 8 the the DT 39142 2635 9 stars star NNS 39142 2635 10 has have VBZ 39142 2635 11 already already RB 39142 2635 12 exceeded exceed VBN 39142 2635 13 $ $ $ 39142 2635 14 2,000,000 2,000,000 CD 39142 2635 15 , , , 39142 2635 16 and and CC 39142 2635 17 the the DT 39142 2635 18 work work NN 39142 2635 19 is be VBZ 39142 2635 20 now now RB 39142 2635 21 nearly nearly RB 39142 2635 22 complete complete JJ 39142 2635 23 . . . 39142 2636 1 Turner Turner NNP 39142 2636 2 of of IN 39142 2636 3 Oxford Oxford NNP 39142 2636 4 has have VBZ 39142 2636 5 conducted conduct VBN 39142 2636 6 many many JJ 39142 2636 7 special special JJ 39142 2636 8 investigations investigation NNS 39142 2636 9 that that WDT 39142 2636 10 have have VBP 39142 2636 11 greatly greatly RB 39142 2636 12 enhanced enhance VBN 39142 2636 13 the the DT 39142 2636 14 progress progress NN 39142 2636 15 of of IN 39142 2636 16 this this DT 39142 2636 17 international international JJ 39142 2636 18 enterprise enterprise NN 39142 2636 19 . . . 39142 2637 1 Other other JJ 39142 2637 2 great great JJ 39142 2637 3 photographic photographic JJ 39142 2637 4 star star NN 39142 2637 5 charts chart NNS 39142 2637 6 have have VBP 39142 2637 7 been be VBN 39142 2637 8 carried carry VBN 39142 2637 9 through through RP 39142 2637 10 by by IN 39142 2637 11 the the DT 39142 2637 12 Harvard Harvard NNP 39142 2637 13 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 2637 14 , , , 39142 2637 15 with with IN 39142 2637 16 the the DT 39142 2637 17 annex annex NN 39142 2637 18 at at IN 39142 2637 19 Arequipa Arequipa NNP 39142 2637 20 , , , 39142 2637 21 Peru Peru NNP 39142 2637 22 , , , 39142 2637 23 employing employ VBG 39142 2637 24 the the DT 39142 2637 25 Bruce Bruce NNP 39142 2637 26 photographic photographic JJ 39142 2637 27 telescope telescope NN 39142 2637 28 , , , 39142 2637 29 a a DT 39142 2637 30 doublet doublet NN 39142 2637 31 with with IN 39142 2637 32 24-inch 24-inch CD 39142 2637 33 lenses lense NNS 39142 2637 34 ; ; : 39142 2637 35 also also RB 39142 2637 36 Kapteyn Kapteyn NNP 39142 2637 37 of of IN 39142 2637 38 Groningen Groningen NNP 39142 2637 39 has have VBZ 39142 2637 40 catalogued catalogue VBN 39142 2637 41 about about IN 39142 2637 42 300,000 300,000 CD 39142 2637 43 stars star NNS 39142 2637 44 on on IN 39142 2637 45 plates plate NNS 39142 2637 46 taken take VBN 39142 2637 47 at at IN 39142 2637 48 Cape Cape NNP 39142 2637 49 Town Town NNP 39142 2637 50 . . . 39142 2638 1 Charting chart VBG 39142 2638 2 and and CC 39142 2638 3 cataloguing catalogue VBG 39142 2638 4 the the DT 39142 2638 5 stars star NNS 39142 2638 6 , , , 39142 2638 7 both both CC 39142 2638 8 visually visually RB 39142 2638 9 and and CC 39142 2638 10 photographically photographically RB 39142 2638 11 , , , 39142 2638 12 is be VBZ 39142 2638 13 a a DT 39142 2638 14 work work NN 39142 2638 15 that that WDT 39142 2638 16 will will MD 39142 2638 17 never never RB 39142 2638 18 be be VB 39142 2638 19 entirely entirely RB 39142 2638 20 finished finish VBN 39142 2638 21 . . . 39142 2639 1 Improvements improvement NNS 39142 2639 2 in in IN 39142 2639 3 processes process NNS 39142 2639 4 will will MD 39142 2639 5 be be VB 39142 2639 6 such such JJ 39142 2639 7 that that IN 39142 2639 8 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2639 9 can can MD 39142 2639 10 be be VB 39142 2639 11 better well RBR 39142 2639 12 done do VBN 39142 2639 13 in in IN 39142 2639 14 the the DT 39142 2639 15 future future NN 39142 2639 16 than than IN 39142 2639 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2639 18 is be VBZ 39142 2639 19 now now RB 39142 2639 20 , , , 39142 2639 21 and and CC 39142 2639 22 the the DT 39142 2639 23 detection detection NN 39142 2639 24 of of IN 39142 2639 25 changes change NNS 39142 2639 26 in in IN 39142 2639 27 the the DT 39142 2639 28 fainter fainter NN 39142 2639 29 stars star NNS 39142 2639 30 and and CC 39142 2639 31 investigation investigation NN 39142 2639 32 of of IN 39142 2639 33 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2639 34 motions motion NNS 39142 2639 35 will will MD 39142 2639 36 necessitate necessitate VB 39142 2639 37 repetition repetition NN 39142 2639 38 of of IN 39142 2639 39 the the DT 39142 2639 40 entire entire JJ 39142 2639 41 work work NN 39142 2639 42 from from IN 39142 2639 43 century century NN 39142 2639 44 to to IN 39142 2639 45 century century NN 39142 2639 46 . . . 39142 2640 1 The the DT 39142 2640 2 origin origin NN 39142 2640 3 of of IN 39142 2640 4 the the DT 39142 2640 5 names name NNS 39142 2640 6 of of IN 39142 2640 7 individual individual JJ 39142 2640 8 stars star NNS 39142 2640 9 is be VBZ 39142 2640 10 a a DT 39142 2640 11 question question NN 39142 2640 12 of of IN 39142 2640 13 much much JJ 39142 2640 14 interest interest NN 39142 2640 15 . . . 39142 2641 1 The the DT 39142 2641 2 constellation constellation NN 39142 2641 3 figures figure NNS 39142 2641 4 form form VBP 39142 2641 5 the the DT 39142 2641 6 basis basis NN 39142 2641 7 of of IN 39142 2641 8 the the DT 39142 2641 9 method method NN 39142 2641 10 , , , 39142 2641 11 and and CC 39142 2641 12 the the DT 39142 2641 13 earliest early JJS 39142 2641 14 names name NNS 39142 2641 15 were be VBD 39142 2641 16 given give VBN 39142 2641 17 according accord VBG 39142 2641 18 to to IN 39142 2641 19 location location NN 39142 2641 20 in in IN 39142 2641 21 the the DT 39142 2641 22 especial especial JJ 39142 2641 23 figure figure NN 39142 2641 24 ; ; : 39142 2641 25 as as IN 39142 2641 26 for for IN 39142 2641 27 instance instance NN 39142 2641 28 , , , 39142 2641 29 Cor Cor NNP 39142 2641 30 Scorpii Scorpii NNP 39142 2641 31 , , , 39142 2641 32 the the DT 39142 2641 33 heart heart NN 39142 2641 34 of of IN 39142 2641 35 the the DT 39142 2641 36 Scorpion scorpion NN 39142 2641 37 , , , 39142 2641 38 later later RB 39142 2641 39 known know VBN 39142 2641 40 as as IN 39142 2641 41 Antares Antares NNPS 39142 2641 42 or or CC 39142 2641 43 Alpha Alpha NNP 39142 2641 44 Scorpii Scorpii NNP 39142 2641 45 . . . 39142 2642 1 The the DT 39142 2642 2 Arabians Arabians NNPS 39142 2642 3 adopted adopt VBD 39142 2642 4 many many JJ 39142 2642 5 star star NN 39142 2642 6 names name NNS 39142 2642 7 from from IN 39142 2642 8 the the DT 39142 2642 9 Greeks Greeks NNPS 39142 2642 10 , , , 39142 2642 11 and and CC 39142 2642 12 gave give VBD 39142 2642 13 about about RP 39142 2642 14 a a DT 39142 2642 15 hundred hundred CD 39142 2642 16 special special JJ 39142 2642 17 names name NNS 39142 2642 18 to to IN 39142 2642 19 other other JJ 39142 2642 20 stars star NNS 39142 2642 21 . . . 39142 2643 1 Some some DT 39142 2643 2 of of IN 39142 2643 3 these these DT 39142 2643 4 are be VBP 39142 2643 5 in in IN 39142 2643 6 common common JJ 39142 2643 7 use use NN 39142 2643 8 to to IN 39142 2643 9 - - HYPH 39142 2643 10 day day NN 39142 2643 11 , , , 39142 2643 12 by by IN 39142 2643 13 navigators navigator NNS 39142 2643 14 , , , 39142 2643 15 observers observer NNS 39142 2643 16 of of IN 39142 2643 17 meteors meteor NNS 39142 2643 18 and and CC 39142 2643 19 of of IN 39142 2643 20 variable variable JJ 39142 2643 21 stars star NNS 39142 2643 22 . . . 39142 2644 1 Sirius Sirius NNP 39142 2644 2 , , , 39142 2644 3 Vega Vega NNP 39142 2644 4 , , , 39142 2644 5 Arcturus Arcturus NNP 39142 2644 6 , , , 39142 2644 7 and and CC 39142 2644 8 a a DT 39142 2644 9 few few JJ 39142 2644 10 other other JJ 39142 2644 11 first first JJ 39142 2644 12 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2644 13 stars star NNS 39142 2644 14 , , , 39142 2644 15 are be VBP 39142 2644 16 instances instance NNS 39142 2644 17 . . . 39142 2645 1 But but CC 39142 2645 2 this this DT 39142 2645 3 method method NN 39142 2645 4 is be VBZ 39142 2645 5 quite quite RB 39142 2645 6 insufficient insufficient JJ 39142 2645 7 for for IN 39142 2645 8 the the DT 39142 2645 9 fainter fainter NN 39142 2645 10 stars star NNS 39142 2645 11 whose whose WP$ 39142 2645 12 numbers number NNS 39142 2645 13 increase increase VBP 39142 2645 14 so so RB 39142 2645 15 rapidly rapidly RB 39142 2645 16 . . . 39142 2646 1 Bayer Bayer NNP 39142 2646 2 , , , 39142 2646 3 a a DT 39142 2646 4 contemporary contemporary NN 39142 2646 5 of of IN 39142 2646 6 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 2646 7 , , , 39142 2646 8 originated originate VBD 39142 2646 9 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2646 10 present present JJ 39142 2646 11 system system NN 39142 2646 12 , , , 39142 2646 13 which which WDT 39142 2646 14 also also RB 39142 2646 15 employs employ VBZ 39142 2646 16 the the DT 39142 2646 17 names name NNS 39142 2646 18 of of IN 39142 2646 19 the the DT 39142 2646 20 constellations constellation NNS 39142 2646 21 , , , 39142 2646 22 the the DT 39142 2646 23 Latin Latin NNP 39142 2646 24 genitive genitive JJ 39142 2646 25 in in IN 39142 2646 26 each each DT 39142 2646 27 case case NN 39142 2646 28 , , , 39142 2646 29 prefixed prefix VBN 39142 2646 30 by by IN 39142 2646 31 the the DT 39142 2646 32 small small JJ 39142 2646 33 letters letter NNS 39142 2646 34 of of IN 39142 2646 35 the the DT 39142 2646 36 Greek greek JJ 39142 2646 37 alphabet alphabet NN 39142 2646 38 , , , 39142 2646 39 from from IN 39142 2646 40 alpha alpha NN 39142 2646 41 to to IN 39142 2646 42 omega omega NN 39142 2646 43 , , , 39142 2646 44 in in IN 39142 2646 45 order order NN 39142 2646 46 of of IN 39142 2646 47 decreasing decrease VBG 39142 2646 48 brightness brightness NN 39142 2646 49 ; ; : 39142 2646 50 and and CC 39142 2646 51 followed follow VBN 39142 2646 52 by by IN 39142 2646 53 the the DT 39142 2646 54 Roman roman JJ 39142 2646 55 letters letter NNS 39142 2646 56 when when WRB 39142 2646 57 the the DT 39142 2646 58 Greek greek JJ 39142 2646 59 alphabet alphabet NN 39142 2646 60 is be VBZ 39142 2646 61 exhausted exhaust VBN 39142 2646 62 . . . 39142 2647 1 If if IN 39142 2647 2 there there EX 39142 2647 3 were be VBD 39142 2647 4 still still RB 39142 2647 5 stars star NNS 39142 2647 6 left leave VBN 39142 2647 7 in in IN 39142 2647 8 a a DT 39142 2647 9 constellation constellation NN 39142 2647 10 unnamed unnamed JJ 39142 2647 11 , , , 39142 2647 12 numbers number NNS 39142 2647 13 were be VBD 39142 2647 14 used use VBN 39142 2647 15 , , , 39142 2647 16 first first RB 39142 2647 17 by by IN 39142 2647 18 Flamsteed Flamsteed NNP 39142 2647 19 , , , 39142 2647 20 Astronomer Astronomer NNP 39142 2647 21 Royal Royal NNP 39142 2647 22 ; ; : 39142 2647 23 and and CC 39142 2647 24 numbers number NNS 39142 2647 25 in in IN 39142 2647 26 the the DT 39142 2647 27 order order NN 39142 2647 28 of of IN 39142 2647 29 right right JJ 39142 2647 30 ascension ascension NN 39142 2647 31 in in IN 39142 2647 32 various various JJ 39142 2647 33 catalogues catalogue NNS 39142 2647 34 are be VBP 39142 2647 35 used use VBN 39142 2647 36 to to TO 39142 2647 37 designate designate VB 39142 2647 38 hundreds hundred NNS 39142 2647 39 of of IN 39142 2647 40 other other JJ 39142 2647 41 stars star NNS 39142 2647 42 . . . 39142 2648 1 The the DT 39142 2648 2 vast vast JJ 39142 2648 3 bulk bulk NN 39142 2648 4 of of IN 39142 2648 5 the the DT 39142 2648 6 stars star NNS 39142 2648 7 are be VBP 39142 2648 8 , , , 39142 2648 9 however however RB 39142 2648 10 , , , 39142 2648 11 nameless nameless JJ 39142 2648 12 ; ; : 39142 2648 13 but but CC 39142 2648 14 about about RB 39142 2648 15 one one CD 39142 2648 16 million million CD 39142 2648 17 are be VBP 39142 2648 18 identifiable identifiable JJ 39142 2648 19 by by IN 39142 2648 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2648 21 positions position NNS 39142 2648 22 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2648 23 right right JJ 39142 2648 24 ascension ascension NN 39142 2648 25 and and CC 39142 2648 26 declination declination NN 39142 2648 27 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2648 28 on on IN 39142 2648 29 the the DT 39142 2648 30 celestial celestial JJ 39142 2648 31 sphere sphere NN 39142 2648 32 . . . 39142 2649 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 2649 2 XLVI xlvi VBP 39142 2649 3 THE the DT 39142 2649 4 SUN SUN NNP 39142 2649 5 'S 's POS 39142 2649 6 MOTION motion NN 39142 2649 7 TOWARD toward NN 39142 2649 8 LYRA LYRA VBN 39142 2649 9 If if IN 39142 2649 10 Hipparchus Hipparchus NNP 39142 2649 11 or or CC 39142 2649 12 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 2649 13 should should MD 39142 2649 14 return return VB 39142 2649 15 to to IN 39142 2649 16 earth earth NN 39142 2649 17 to to IN 39142 2649 18 - - HYPH 39142 2649 19 night night NN 39142 2649 20 and and CC 39142 2649 21 look look VB 39142 2649 22 at at IN 39142 2649 23 the the DT 39142 2649 24 stars star NNS 39142 2649 25 and and CC 39142 2649 26 constellations constellation NNS 39142 2649 27 as as IN 39142 2649 28 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2649 29 see see VBP 39142 2649 30 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2649 31 , , , 39142 2649 32 there there EX 39142 2649 33 would would MD 39142 2649 34 be be VB 39142 2649 35 no no DT 39142 2649 36 change change NN 39142 2649 37 whatever whatever WDT 39142 2649 38 discernible discernible JJ 39142 2649 39 in in IN 39142 2649 40 either either CC 39142 2649 41 the the DT 39142 2649 42 brightness brightness NN 39142 2649 43 of of IN 39142 2649 44 the the DT 39142 2649 45 stars star NNS 39142 2649 46 or or CC 39142 2649 47 in in IN 39142 2649 48 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2649 49 relative relative JJ 39142 2649 50 positions position NNS 39142 2649 51 . . . 39142 2650 1 So so RB 39142 2650 2 the the DT 39142 2650 3 name name NN 39142 2650 4 fixed fix VBN 39142 2650 5 stars star NNS 39142 2650 6 would would MD 39142 2650 7 appear appear VB 39142 2650 8 to to TO 39142 2650 9 have have VB 39142 2650 10 been be VBN 39142 2650 11 well well RB 39142 2650 12 chosen choose VBN 39142 2650 13 . . . 39142 2651 1 Halley Halley NNP 39142 2651 2 in in IN 39142 2651 3 the the DT 39142 2651 4 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 39142 2651 5 century century NN 39142 2651 6 was be VBD 39142 2651 7 the the DT 39142 2651 8 first first JJ 39142 2651 9 to to TO 39142 2651 10 detect detect VB 39142 2651 11 that that IN 39142 2651 12 slow slow JJ 39142 2651 13 relative relative JJ 39142 2651 14 change change NN 39142 2651 15 of of IN 39142 2651 16 position position NN 39142 2651 17 of of IN 39142 2651 18 a a DT 39142 2651 19 few few JJ 39142 2651 20 stars star NNS 39142 2651 21 which which WDT 39142 2651 22 is be VBZ 39142 2651 23 known know VBN 39142 2651 24 as as IN 39142 2651 25 proper proper JJ 39142 2651 26 motion motion NN 39142 2651 27 , , , 39142 2651 28 and and CC 39142 2651 29 all all PDT 39142 2651 30 the the DT 39142 2651 31 modern modern JJ 39142 2651 32 catalogues catalogue NNS 39142 2651 33 give give VBP 39142 2651 34 the the DT 39142 2651 35 proper proper JJ 39142 2651 36 motions motion NNS 39142 2651 37 in in IN 39142 2651 38 both both DT 39142 2651 39 right right JJ 39142 2651 40 ascension ascension NN 39142 2651 41 and and CC 39142 2651 42 declination declination NN 39142 2651 43 . . . 39142 2652 1 These these DT 39142 2652 2 are be VBP 39142 2652 3 simply simply RB 39142 2652 4 the the DT 39142 2652 5 small small JJ 39142 2652 6 annual annual JJ 39142 2652 7 changes change NNS 39142 2652 8 in in IN 39142 2652 9 position position NN 39142 2652 10 athwart athwart VBP 39142 2652 11 the the DT 39142 2652 12 line line NN 39142 2652 13 of of IN 39142 2652 14 vision vision NN 39142 2652 15 ; ; , 39142 2652 16 and and CC 39142 2652 17 , , , 39142 2652 18 as as IN 39142 2652 19 a a DT 39142 2652 20 whole whole NN 39142 2652 21 , , , 39142 2652 22 the the DT 39142 2652 23 proper proper JJ 39142 2652 24 motions motion NNS 39142 2652 25 of of IN 39142 2652 26 the the DT 39142 2652 27 brighter bright JJR 39142 2652 28 stars star NNS 39142 2652 29 exceed exceed VBP 39142 2652 30 the the DT 39142 2652 31 corresponding correspond VBG 39142 2652 32 motions motion NNS 39142 2652 33 of of IN 39142 2652 34 the the DT 39142 2652 35 fainter fainter NN 39142 2652 36 ones one NNS 39142 2652 37 because because IN 39142 2652 38 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2652 39 are be VBP 39142 2652 40 nearer nearer JJ 39142 2652 41 to to IN 39142 2652 42 us -PRON- PRP 39142 2652 43 . . . 39142 2653 1 The the DT 39142 2653 2 average average JJ 39142 2653 3 proper proper JJ 39142 2653 4 motion motion NN 39142 2653 5 of of IN 39142 2653 6 the the DT 39142 2653 7 brightest bright JJS 39142 2653 8 stars star NNS 39142 2653 9 is be VBZ 39142 2653 10 0".25 0".25 CD 39142 2653 11 , , , 39142 2653 12 and and CC 39142 2653 13 of of IN 39142 2653 14 stars star NNS 39142 2653 15 of of IN 39142 2653 16 the the DT 39142 2653 17 sixth sixth JJ 39142 2653 18 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2653 19 only only RB 39142 2653 20 one one CD 39142 2653 21 - - HYPH 39142 2653 22 sixth sixth JJ 39142 2653 23 as as RB 39142 2653 24 great great JJ 39142 2653 25 . . . 39142 2654 1 A a DT 39142 2654 2 few few JJ 39142 2654 3 extreme extreme JJ 39142 2654 4 cases case NNS 39142 2654 5 of of IN 39142 2654 6 proper proper JJ 39142 2654 7 motion motion NN 39142 2654 8 have have VBP 39142 2654 9 been be VBN 39142 2654 10 detected detect VBN 39142 2654 11 , , , 39142 2654 12 one one NN 39142 2654 13 as as RB 39142 2654 14 large large JJ 39142 2654 15 as as IN 39142 2654 16 9 9 CD 39142 2654 17 " " '' 39142 2654 18 , , , 39142 2654 19 of of IN 39142 2654 20 an an DT 39142 2654 21 orange orange NNP 39142 2654 22 yellow yellow JJ 39142 2654 23 star star NN 39142 2654 24 of of IN 39142 2654 25 the the DT 39142 2654 26 eighth eighth JJ 39142 2654 27 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2654 28 in in IN 39142 2654 29 the the DT 39142 2654 30 southern southern JJ 39142 2654 31 constellation constellation NN 39142 2654 32 Pictor Pictor NNP 39142 2654 33 , , , 39142 2654 34 and and CC 39142 2654 35 Barnard Barnard NNP 39142 2654 36 has have VBZ 39142 2654 37 recently recently RB 39142 2654 38 discovered discover VBN 39142 2654 39 a a DT 39142 2654 40 star star NN 39142 2654 41 with with IN 39142 2654 42 a a DT 39142 2654 43 proper proper JJ 39142 2654 44 motion motion NN 39142 2654 45 exceeding exceed VBG 39142 2654 46 10 10 CD 39142 2654 47 " " '' 39142 2654 48 ; ; : 39142 2654 49 several several JJ 39142 2654 50 determinations determination NNS 39142 2654 51 of of IN 39142 2654 52 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2654 53 parallax parallax NN 39142 2654 54 give give VB 39142 2654 55 0".52 0".52 CD 39142 2654 56 , , , 39142 2654 57 corresponding correspond VBG 39142 2654 58 to to IN 39142 2654 59 a a DT 39142 2654 60 distance distance NN 39142 2654 61 of of IN 39142 2654 62 6.27 6.27 CD 39142 2654 63 light light JJ 39142 2654 64 years year NNS 39142 2654 65 . . . 39142 2655 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 2655 2 , , , 39142 2655 3 two two CD 39142 2655 4 centuries century NNS 39142 2655 5 would would MD 39142 2655 6 elapse elapse VB 39142 2655 7 before before IN 39142 2655 8 these these DT 39142 2655 9 stars star NNS 39142 2655 10 would would MD 39142 2655 11 be be VB 39142 2655 12 displaced displace VBN 39142 2655 13 as as RB 39142 2655 14 much much RB 39142 2655 15 as as IN 39142 2655 16 the the DT 39142 2655 17 breadth breadth NN 39142 2655 18 of of IN 39142 2655 19 the the DT 39142 2655 20 moon moon NN 39142 2655 21 among among IN 39142 2655 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2655 23 neighbors neighbor NNS 39142 2655 24 in in IN 39142 2655 25 the the DT 39142 2655 26 sky sky NN 39142 2655 27 . . . 39142 2656 1 The the DT 39142 2656 2 proper proper JJ 39142 2656 3 motions motion NNS 39142 2656 4 of of IN 39142 2656 5 stars star NNS 39142 2656 6 are be VBP 39142 2656 7 along along IN 39142 2656 8 perfectly perfectly RB 39142 2656 9 straight straight JJ 39142 2656 10 lines line NNS 39142 2656 11 , , , 39142 2656 12 so so RB 39142 2656 13 far far RB 39142 2656 14 as as IN 39142 2656 15 yet yet RB 39142 2656 16 observed observe VBN 39142 2656 17 . . . 39142 2657 1 Ultimately ultimately RB 39142 2657 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2657 3 may may MD 39142 2657 4 find find VB 39142 2657 5 a a DT 39142 2657 6 few few JJ 39142 2657 7 moving move VBG 39142 2657 8 in in IN 39142 2657 9 curved curved JJ 39142 2657 10 paths path NNS 39142 2657 11 or or CC 39142 2657 12 orbits orbit NNS 39142 2657 13 , , , 39142 2657 14 but but CC 39142 2657 15 this this DT 39142 2657 16 is be VBZ 39142 2657 17 hardly hardly RB 39142 2657 18 likely likely JJ 39142 2657 19 . . . 39142 2658 1 As as IN 39142 2658 2 for for IN 39142 2658 3 a a DT 39142 2658 4 central central JJ 39142 2658 5 sun sun NN 39142 2658 6 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 2658 7 , , , 39142 2658 8 that that WDT 39142 2658 9 pointing point VBG 39142 2658 10 out out RP 39142 2658 11 Alcyone Alcyone NNP 39142 2658 12 in in IN 39142 2658 13 particular particular JJ 39142 2658 14 , , , 39142 2658 15 there there EX 39142 2658 16 is be VBZ 39142 2658 17 no no DT 39142 2658 18 reliable reliable JJ 39142 2658 19 evidence evidence NN 39142 2658 20 whatever whatever WDT 39142 2658 21 . . . 39142 2659 1 Analysis analysis NN 39142 2659 2 of of IN 39142 2659 3 the the DT 39142 2659 4 proper proper JJ 39142 2659 5 motions motion NNS 39142 2659 6 of of IN 39142 2659 7 stars star NNS 39142 2659 8 in in IN 39142 2659 9 considerable considerable JJ 39142 2659 10 numbers number NNS 39142 2659 11 , , , 39142 2659 12 first first RB 39142 2659 13 by by IN 39142 2659 14 Sir Sir NNP 39142 2659 15 William William NNP 39142 2659 16 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 2659 17 , , , 39142 2659 18 showed show VBD 39142 2659 19 that that IN 39142 2659 20 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2659 21 were be VBD 39142 2659 22 moving move VBG 39142 2659 23 radially radially RB 39142 2659 24 from from IN 39142 2659 25 the the DT 39142 2659 26 constellation constellation NN 39142 2659 27 Hercules Hercules NNP 39142 2659 28 , , , 39142 2659 29 and and CC 39142 2659 30 in in IN 39142 2659 31 great great JJ 39142 2659 32 numbers number NNS 39142 2659 33 also also RB 39142 2659 34 toward toward IN 39142 2659 35 the the DT 39142 2659 36 opposite opposite JJ 39142 2659 37 side side NN 39142 2659 38 of of IN 39142 2659 39 the the DT 39142 2659 40 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2659 41 sphere sphere NN 39142 2659 42 . . . 39142 2660 1 Later later JJ 39142 2660 2 investigation investigation NN 39142 2660 3 places place VBZ 39142 2660 4 this this DT 39142 2660 5 point point NN 39142 2660 6 , , , 39142 2660 7 called call VBD 39142 2660 8 the the DT 39142 2660 9 sun sun NN 39142 2660 10 's 's POS 39142 2660 11 goal goal NN 39142 2660 12 , , , 39142 2660 13 or or CC 39142 2660 14 apex apex NN 39142 2660 15 of of IN 39142 2660 16 the the DT 39142 2660 17 sun sun NN 39142 2660 18 's 's POS 39142 2660 19 way way NN 39142 2660 20 , , , 39142 2660 21 over over RB 39142 2660 22 in in IN 39142 2660 23 the the DT 39142 2660 24 adjacent adjacent JJ 39142 2660 25 constellation constellation NN 39142 2660 26 Lyra Lyra NNP 39142 2660 27 ; ; : 39142 2660 28 and and CC 39142 2660 29 the the DT 39142 2660 30 opposite opposite JJ 39142 2660 31 point point NN 39142 2660 32 , , , 39142 2660 33 or or CC 39142 2660 34 the the DT 39142 2660 35 sun sun NN 39142 2660 36 's 's POS 39142 2660 37 quit quit NN 39142 2660 38 , , , 39142 2660 39 is be VBZ 39142 2660 40 about about IN 39142 2660 41 halfway halfway NN 39142 2660 42 between between IN 39142 2660 43 Sirius Sirius NNP 39142 2660 44 and and CC 39142 2660 45 Canopus Canopus NNP 39142 2660 46 . . . 39142 2661 1 By by IN 39142 2661 2 means mean NNS 39142 2661 3 of of IN 39142 2661 4 the the DT 39142 2661 5 radial radial JJ 39142 2661 6 velocities velocity NNS 39142 2661 7 of of IN 39142 2661 8 stars star NNS 39142 2661 9 in in IN 39142 2661 10 these these DT 39142 2661 11 antipodal antipodal NN 39142 2661 12 regions region NNS 39142 2661 13 of of IN 39142 2661 14 the the DT 39142 2661 15 sky sky NN 39142 2661 16 , , , 39142 2661 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2661 18 is be VBZ 39142 2661 19 found find VBN 39142 2661 20 that that IN 39142 2661 21 the the DT 39142 2661 22 sun sun NN 39142 2661 23 's 's POS 39142 2661 24 motion motion NN 39142 2661 25 toward toward IN 39142 2661 26 Lyra Lyra NNP 39142 2661 27 , , , 39142 2661 28 carrying carry VBG 39142 2661 29 all all PDT 39142 2661 30 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2661 31 planetary planetary JJ 39142 2661 32 family family NN 39142 2661 33 along along IN 39142 2661 34 with with IN 39142 2661 35 him -PRON- PRP 39142 2661 36 , , , 39142 2661 37 is be VBZ 39142 2661 38 taking take VBG 39142 2661 39 place place NN 39142 2661 40 at at IN 39142 2661 41 the the DT 39142 2661 42 rate rate NN 39142 2661 43 of of IN 39142 2661 44 about about RB 39142 2661 45 12 12 CD 39142 2661 46 miles mile NNS 39142 2661 47 in in IN 39142 2661 48 every every DT 39142 2661 49 second second NN 39142 2661 50 . . . 39142 2662 1 While while IN 39142 2662 2 the the DT 39142 2662 3 right right JJ 39142 2662 4 ascensions ascension NNS 39142 2662 5 of of IN 39142 2662 6 the the DT 39142 2662 7 solar solar JJ 39142 2662 8 apex apex NN 39142 2662 9 as as IN 39142 2662 10 given give VBN 39142 2662 11 by by IN 39142 2662 12 the the DT 39142 2662 13 different different JJ 39142 2662 14 investigations investigation NNS 39142 2662 15 have have VBP 39142 2662 16 been be VBN 39142 2662 17 pretty pretty RB 39142 2662 18 uniform uniform JJ 39142 2662 19 , , , 39142 2662 20 the the DT 39142 2662 21 declination declination NN 39142 2662 22 of of IN 39142 2662 23 this this DT 39142 2662 24 point point NN 39142 2662 25 has have VBZ 39142 2662 26 shown show VBN 39142 2662 27 a a DT 39142 2662 28 rather rather RB 39142 2662 29 wide wide JJ 39142 2662 30 variation variation NN 39142 2662 31 not not RB 39142 2662 32 yet yet RB 39142 2662 33 explained explain VBN 39142 2662 34 . . . 39142 2663 1 For for IN 39142 2663 2 example example NN 39142 2663 3 , , , 39142 2663 4 there there EX 39142 2663 5 is be VBZ 39142 2663 6 a a DT 39142 2663 7 difference difference NN 39142 2663 8 of of IN 39142 2663 9 nearly nearly RB 39142 2663 10 ten ten CD 39142 2663 11 degrees degree NNS 39142 2663 12 between between IN 39142 2663 13 the the DT 39142 2663 14 declination declination NN 39142 2663 15 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2663 16 +34 +34 NNP 39142 2663 17 ° ° NNP 39142 2663 18 .3 .3 NNP 39142 2663 19 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2663 20 of of IN 39142 2663 21 the the DT 39142 2663 22 apex apex NN 39142 2663 23 as as IN 39142 2663 24 determined determine VBN 39142 2663 25 by by IN 39142 2663 26 Boss Boss NNP 39142 2663 27 from from IN 39142 2663 28 the the DT 39142 2663 29 proper proper JJ 39142 2663 30 motions motion NNS 39142 2663 31 of of IN 39142 2663 32 more more JJR 39142 2663 33 than than IN 39142 2663 34 6,000 6,000 CD 39142 2663 35 stars star NNS 39142 2663 36 , , , 39142 2663 37 and and CC 39142 2663 38 the the DT 39142 2663 39 declination declination NN 39142 2663 40 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2663 41 +25 +25 NNP 39142 2663 42 ° ° , 39142 2663 43 .3 .3 NNP 39142 2663 44 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2663 45 found find VBN 39142 2663 46 by by IN 39142 2663 47 Campbell Campbell NNP 39142 2663 48 from from IN 39142 2663 49 the the DT 39142 2663 50 radial radial JJ 39142 2663 51 velocities velocity NNS 39142 2663 52 of of IN 39142 2663 53 nearly nearly RB 39142 2663 54 1,200 1,200 CD 39142 2663 55 stars star NNS 39142 2663 56 . . . 39142 2664 1 Several several JJ 39142 2664 2 investigations investigation NNS 39142 2664 3 tend tend VBP 39142 2664 4 to to TO 39142 2664 5 show show VB 39142 2664 6 that that IN 39142 2664 7 the the DT 39142 2664 8 fainter fainter NN 39142 2664 9 the the DT 39142 2664 10 stars star NNS 39142 2664 11 are be VBP 39142 2664 12 , , , 39142 2664 13 the the DT 39142 2664 14 greater great JJR 39142 2664 15 is be VBZ 39142 2664 16 the the DT 39142 2664 17 declination declination NN 39142 2664 18 of of IN 39142 2664 19 the the DT 39142 2664 20 solar solar JJ 39142 2664 21 apex apex NN 39142 2664 22 . . . 39142 2665 1 More more RBR 39142 2665 2 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 2665 3 is be VBZ 39142 2665 4 the the DT 39142 2665 5 evidence evidence NN 39142 2665 6 that that IN 39142 2665 7 this this DT 39142 2665 8 declination declination NN 39142 2665 9 varies vary VBZ 39142 2665 10 with with IN 39142 2665 11 the the DT 39142 2665 12 spectral spectral JJ 39142 2665 13 type type NN 39142 2665 14 of of IN 39142 2665 15 the the DT 39142 2665 16 stars star NNS 39142 2665 17 , , , 39142 2665 18 the the DT 39142 2665 19 later later JJ 39142 2665 20 types type NNS 39142 2665 21 , , , 39142 2665 22 especially especially RB 39142 2665 23 G g NN 39142 2665 24 and and CC 39142 2665 25 K k NN 39142 2665 26 , , , 39142 2665 27 giving give VBG 39142 2665 28 much much RB 39142 2665 29 more more RBR 39142 2665 30 northerly northerly JJ 39142 2665 31 values value NNS 39142 2665 32 . . . 39142 2666 1 On on IN 39142 2666 2 the the DT 39142 2666 3 whole whole JJ 39142 2666 4 the the DT 39142 2666 5 great great JJ 39142 2666 6 amount amount NN 39142 2666 7 of of IN 39142 2666 8 research research NN 39142 2666 9 that that WDT 39142 2666 10 has have VBZ 39142 2666 11 been be VBN 39142 2666 12 devoted devote VBN 39142 2666 13 to to IN 39142 2666 14 the the DT 39142 2666 15 solar solar JJ 39142 2666 16 motion motion NN 39142 2666 17 relative relative JJ 39142 2666 18 to to IN 39142 2666 19 the the DT 39142 2666 20 system system NN 39142 2666 21 of of IN 39142 2666 22 the the DT 39142 2666 23 stars star NNS 39142 2666 24 for for IN 39142 2666 25 the the DT 39142 2666 26 past past JJ 39142 2666 27 hundred hundred CD 39142 2666 28 years year NNS 39142 2666 29 may may MD 39142 2666 30 be be VB 39142 2666 31 said say VBN 39142 2666 32 to to TO 39142 2666 33 indicate indicate VB 39142 2666 34 a a DT 39142 2666 35 point point NN 39142 2666 36 in in IN 39142 2666 37 right right JJ 39142 2666 38 ascension ascension NN 39142 2666 39 18h 18h NNS 39142 2666 40 . . . 39142 2667 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2667 2 270 270 CD 39142 2667 3 ° ° NNS 39142 2667 4 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2667 5 and and CC 39142 2667 6 declination declination NN 39142 2667 7 34 34 CD 39142 2667 8 ° ° , 39142 2667 9 N. N. NNP 39142 2667 10 as as IN 39142 2667 11 the the DT 39142 2667 12 direction direction NN 39142 2667 13 toward toward IN 39142 2667 14 which which WDT 39142 2667 15 the the DT 39142 2667 16 sun sun NN 39142 2667 17 is be VBZ 39142 2667 18 moving move VBG 39142 2667 19 . . . 39142 2668 1 This this DT 39142 2668 2 is be VBZ 39142 2668 3 not not RB 39142 2668 4 very very RB 39142 2668 5 far far RB 39142 2668 6 from from IN 39142 2668 7 the the DT 39142 2668 8 bright bright JJ 39142 2668 9 star star NN 39142 2668 10 Alpha Alpha NNP 39142 2668 11 Lyræ Lyræ NNP 39142 2668 12 , , , 39142 2668 13 and and CC 39142 2668 14 the the DT 39142 2668 15 antipodal antipodal NN 39142 2668 16 point point NN 39142 2668 17 from from IN 39142 2668 18 which which WDT 39142 2668 19 the the DT 39142 2668 20 sun sun NN 39142 2668 21 is be VBZ 39142 2668 22 traveling travel VBG 39142 2668 23 is be VBZ 39142 2668 24 quite quite RB 39142 2668 25 near near JJ 39142 2668 26 to to IN 39142 2668 27 Beta Beta NNP 39142 2668 28 Columbæ Columbæ NNP 39142 2668 29 . . . 39142 2669 1 So so RB 39142 2669 2 swift swift NNP 39142 2669 3 is be VBZ 39142 2669 4 this this DT 39142 2669 5 motion motion NN 39142 2669 6 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2669 7 nearly nearly RB 39142 2669 8 twenty twenty CD 39142 2669 9 kilometers kilometer NNS 39142 2669 10 per per IN 39142 2669 11 second second NN 39142 2669 12 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2669 13 that that IN 39142 2669 14 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2669 15 has have VBZ 39142 2669 16 provided provide VBN 39142 2669 17 a a DT 39142 2669 18 base base NN 39142 2669 19 line line NN 39142 2669 20 of of IN 39142 2669 21 exceptional exceptional JJ 39142 2669 22 length length NN 39142 2669 23 , , , 39142 2669 24 and and CC 39142 2669 25 very very RB 39142 2669 26 great great JJ 39142 2669 27 service service NN 39142 2669 28 in in IN 39142 2669 29 determining determine VBG 39142 2669 30 the the DT 39142 2669 31 average average JJ 39142 2669 32 distance distance NN 39142 2669 33 of of IN 39142 2669 34 stars star NNS 39142 2669 35 in in IN 39142 2669 36 groups group NNS 39142 2669 37 or or CC 39142 2669 38 classes class NNS 39142 2669 39 . . . 39142 2670 1 After after IN 39142 2670 2 thousands thousand NNS 39142 2670 3 of of IN 39142 2670 4 years year NNS 39142 2670 5 the the DT 39142 2670 6 sun sun NN 39142 2670 7 's 's POS 39142 2670 8 own own JJ 39142 2670 9 motion motion NN 39142 2670 10 combined combine VBN 39142 2670 11 with with IN 39142 2670 12 the the DT 39142 2670 13 proper proper JJ 39142 2670 14 motions motion NNS 39142 2670 15 of of IN 39142 2670 16 the the DT 39142 2670 17 stars star NNS 39142 2670 18 will will MD 39142 2670 19 displace displace VB 39142 2670 20 many many JJ 39142 2670 21 stars star NNS 39142 2670 22 appreciably appreciably RB 39142 2670 23 from from IN 39142 2670 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2670 25 familiar familiar JJ 39142 2670 26 places place NNS 39142 2670 27 . . . 39142 2671 1 The the DT 39142 2671 2 constellations constellation NNS 39142 2671 3 as as IN 39142 2671 4 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2671 5 know know VBP 39142 2671 6 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2671 7 will will MD 39142 2671 8 suffer suffer VB 39142 2671 9 slight slight JJ 39142 2671 10 distortions distortion NNS 39142 2671 11 , , , 39142 2671 12 particularly particularly RB 39142 2671 13 Orion Orion NNP 39142 2671 14 , , , 39142 2671 15 Cassiopeia Cassiopeia NNPS 39142 2671 16 and and CC 39142 2671 17 Ursa Ursa NNP 39142 2671 18 Major Major NNP 39142 2671 19 . . . 39142 2672 1 Identity identity NN 39142 2672 2 or or CC 39142 2672 3 otherwise otherwise RB 39142 2672 4 of of IN 39142 2672 5 spectra spectra NNP 39142 2672 6 often often RB 39142 2672 7 indicates indicate VBZ 39142 2672 8 what what WDT 39142 2672 9 stars star NNS 39142 2672 10 are be VBP 39142 2672 11 associated associate VBN 39142 2672 12 together together RB 39142 2672 13 in in IN 39142 2672 14 groups group NNS 39142 2672 15 , , , 39142 2672 16 and and CC 39142 2672 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2672 18 community community NN 39142 2672 19 of of IN 39142 2672 20 motion motion NN 39142 2672 21 is be VBZ 39142 2672 22 known know VBN 39142 2672 23 as as IN 39142 2672 24 star star NNP 39142 2672 25 drift drift NNP 39142 2672 26 . . . 39142 2673 1 Recent recent JJ 39142 2673 2 investigation investigation NN 39142 2673 3 of of IN 39142 2673 4 vast vast JJ 39142 2673 5 numbers number NNS 39142 2673 6 of of IN 39142 2673 7 stars star NNS 39142 2673 8 by by IN 39142 2673 9 both both PDT 39142 2673 10 these these DT 39142 2673 11 methods method NNS 39142 2673 12 have have VBP 39142 2673 13 led lead VBN 39142 2673 14 to to IN 39142 2673 15 the the DT 39142 2673 16 epochal epochal NN 39142 2673 17 discovery discovery NN 39142 2673 18 of of IN 39142 2673 19 star star NN 39142 2673 20 streaming streaming NN 39142 2673 21 , , , 39142 2673 22 which which WDT 39142 2673 23 indicates indicate VBZ 39142 2673 24 that that IN 39142 2673 25 the the DT 39142 2673 26 stars star NNS 39142 2673 27 of of IN 39142 2673 28 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2673 29 system system NN 39142 2673 30 are be VBP 39142 2673 31 drifting drift VBG 39142 2673 32 by by RB 39142 2673 33 , , , 39142 2673 34 or or CC 39142 2673 35 rather rather RB 39142 2673 36 through through IN 39142 2673 37 , , , 39142 2673 38 each each DT 39142 2673 39 other other JJ 39142 2673 40 , , , 39142 2673 41 in in IN 39142 2673 42 two two CD 39142 2673 43 stately stately JJ 39142 2673 44 and and CC 39142 2673 45 interpenetrating interpenetrating JJ 39142 2673 46 streams stream NNS 39142 2673 47 . . . 39142 2674 1 The the DT 39142 2674 2 grand grand JJ 39142 2674 3 primary primary JJ 39142 2674 4 cause cause NN 39142 2674 5 underlying underlie VBG 39142 2674 6 this this DT 39142 2674 7 motion motion NN 39142 2674 8 is be VBZ 39142 2674 9 as as RB 39142 2674 10 yet yet RB 39142 2674 11 only only RB 39142 2674 12 surmised surmise VBN 39142 2674 13 . . . 39142 2675 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39142 2675 2 XLVII XLVII NNP 39142 2675 3 STARS star NNS 39142 2675 4 AND and CC 39142 2675 5 THEIR their NN 39142 2675 6 SPECTRAL SPECTRAL VBN 39142 2675 7 TYPE type NN 39142 2675 8 When when WRB 39142 2675 9 in in IN 39142 2675 10 1872 1872 CD 39142 2675 11 Dr. Dr. NNP 39142 2675 12 Henry Henry NNP 39142 2675 13 Draper Draper NNP 39142 2675 14 placed place VBD 39142 2675 15 a a DT 39142 2675 16 very very RB 39142 2675 17 small small JJ 39142 2675 18 wet wet JJ 39142 2675 19 plate plate NN 39142 2675 20 in in IN 39142 2675 21 the the DT 39142 2675 22 camera camera NN 39142 2675 23 of of IN 39142 2675 24 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2675 25 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 2675 26 and and CC 39142 2675 27 , , , 39142 2675 28 by by IN 39142 2675 29 careful careful JJ 39142 2675 30 following following NN 39142 2675 31 , , , 39142 2675 32 on on IN 39142 2675 33 account account NN 39142 2675 34 of of IN 39142 2675 35 the the DT 39142 2675 36 necessarily necessarily RB 39142 2675 37 long long JJ 39142 2675 38 exposure exposure NN 39142 2675 39 , , , 39142 2675 40 secured secure VBD 39142 2675 41 the the DT 39142 2675 42 first first JJ 39142 2675 43 photographic photographic JJ 39142 2675 44 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 2675 45 of of IN 39142 2675 46 a a DT 39142 2675 47 star star NN 39142 2675 48 ever ever RB 39142 2675 49 taken take VBN 39142 2675 50 , , , 39142 2675 51 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2675 52 could could MD 39142 2675 53 hardly hardly RB 39142 2675 54 have have VB 39142 2675 55 anticipated anticipate VBN 39142 2675 56 the the DT 39142 2675 57 wealth wealth NN 39142 2675 58 of of IN 39142 2675 59 the the DT 39142 2675 60 new new JJ 39142 2675 61 field field NN 39142 2675 62 of of IN 39142 2675 63 research research NN 39142 2675 64 which which WDT 39142 2675 65 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2675 66 was be VBD 39142 2675 67 opening open VBG 39142 2675 68 . . . 39142 2676 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2676 2 wife wife NN 39142 2676 3 , , , 39142 2676 4 Anna Anna NNP 39142 2676 5 Palmer Palmer NNP 39142 2676 6 Draper Draper NNP 39142 2676 7 , , , 39142 2676 8 was be VBD 39142 2676 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2676 10 enthusiastic enthusiastic JJ 39142 2676 11 assistant assistant NN 39142 2676 12 in in IN 39142 2676 13 both both DT 39142 2676 14 laboratory laboratory NN 39142 2676 15 and and CC 39142 2676 16 observatory observatory NN 39142 2676 17 , , , 39142 2676 18 and and CC 39142 2676 19 on on IN 39142 2676 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2676 21 death death NN 39142 2676 22 in in IN 39142 2676 23 1882 1882 CD 39142 2676 24 , , , 39142 2676 25 she -PRON- PRP 39142 2676 26 began begin VBD 39142 2676 27 to to TO 39142 2676 28 devote devote VB 39142 2676 29 her -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2676 30 resources resource NNS 39142 2676 31 very very RB 39142 2676 32 considerably considerably RB 39142 2676 33 to to IN 39142 2676 34 the the DT 39142 2676 35 amplification amplification NN 39142 2676 36 of of IN 39142 2676 37 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2676 38 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 2676 39 photography photography NN 39142 2676 40 . . . 39142 2677 1 At at IN 39142 2677 2 first first RB 39142 2677 3 with with IN 39142 2677 4 the the DT 39142 2677 5 cooperation cooperation NN 39142 2677 6 of of IN 39142 2677 7 Professor Professor NNP 39142 2677 8 Young Young NNP 39142 2677 9 of of IN 39142 2677 10 Princeton Princeton NNP 39142 2677 11 , , , 39142 2677 12 and and CC 39142 2677 13 later later RB 39142 2677 14 through through IN 39142 2677 15 extension extension NN 39142 2677 16 of of IN 39142 2677 17 the the DT 39142 2677 18 facilities facility NNS 39142 2677 19 of of IN 39142 2677 20 Harvard Harvard NNP 39142 2677 21 College College NNP 39142 2677 22 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 2677 23 , , , 39142 2677 24 whose whose WP$ 39142 2677 25 director director NN 39142 2677 26 , , , 39142 2677 27 the the DT 39142 2677 28 late late JJ 39142 2677 29 Professor Professor NNP 39142 2677 30 Edward Edward NNP 39142 2677 31 C. C. NNP 39142 2677 32 Pickering Pickering NNP 39142 2677 33 , , , 39142 2677 34 devoted devote VBD 39142 2677 35 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2677 36 energies energy NNS 39142 2677 37 in in IN 39142 2677 38 very very RB 39142 2677 39 large large JJ 39142 2677 40 part part NN 39142 2677 41 to to IN 39142 2677 42 this this DT 39142 2677 43 matter matter NN 39142 2677 44 , , , 39142 2677 45 all all PDT 39142 2677 46 the the DT 39142 2677 47 preliminaries preliminary NNS 39142 2677 48 of of IN 39142 2677 49 the the DT 39142 2677 50 great great JJ 39142 2677 51 enterprise enterprise NN 39142 2677 52 were be VBD 39142 2677 53 worked work VBN 39142 2677 54 out out RP 39142 2677 55 , , , 39142 2677 56 and and CC 39142 2677 57 a a DT 39142 2677 58 comprehensive comprehensive JJ 39142 2677 59 program program NN 39142 2677 60 was be VBD 39142 2677 61 embarked embark VBN 39142 2677 62 upon upon IN 39142 2677 63 , , , 39142 2677 64 which which WDT 39142 2677 65 culminated culminate VBD 39142 2677 66 in in IN 39142 2677 67 the the DT 39142 2677 68 " " `` 39142 2677 69 Henry Henry NNP 39142 2677 70 Draper Draper NNP 39142 2677 71 Memorial Memorial NNP 39142 2677 72 , , , 39142 2677 73 " " '' 39142 2677 74 a a DT 39142 2677 75 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 2677 76 and and CC 39142 2677 77 classification classification NN 39142 2677 78 of of IN 39142 2677 79 the the DT 39142 2677 80 spectra spectra NN 39142 2677 81 of of IN 39142 2677 82 all all PDT 39142 2677 83 the the DT 39142 2677 84 stars star NNS 39142 2677 85 brighter bright JJR 39142 2677 86 than than IN 39142 2677 87 the the DT 39142 2677 88 ninth ninth JJ 39142 2677 89 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2677 90 , , , 39142 2677 91 in in IN 39142 2677 92 both both CC 39142 2677 93 the the DT 39142 2677 94 northern northern JJ 39142 2677 95 and and CC 39142 2677 96 southern southern JJ 39142 2677 97 hemispheres hemisphere NNS 39142 2677 98 . . . 39142 2678 1 One one CD 39142 2678 2 very very RB 39142 2678 3 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 2678 4 result result NN 39142 2678 5 from from IN 39142 2678 6 the the DT 39142 2678 7 investigation investigation NN 39142 2678 8 of of IN 39142 2678 9 large large JJ 39142 2678 10 numbers number NNS 39142 2678 11 of of IN 39142 2678 12 stars star NNS 39142 2678 13 according accord VBG 39142 2678 14 to to IN 39142 2678 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2678 16 type type NN 39142 2678 17 is be VBZ 39142 2678 18 the the DT 39142 2678 19 close close JJ 39142 2678 20 correlation correlation NN 39142 2678 21 between between IN 39142 2678 22 a a DT 39142 2678 23 star star NN 39142 2678 24 's 's POS 39142 2678 25 luminosity luminosity NN 39142 2678 26 and and CC 39142 2678 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2678 28 spectral spectral JJ 39142 2678 29 type type NN 39142 2678 30 . . . 39142 2679 1 But but CC 39142 2679 2 even even RB 39142 2679 3 more more RBR 39142 2679 4 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 2679 5 is be VBZ 39142 2679 6 the the DT 39142 2679 7 connection connection NN 39142 2679 8 between between IN 39142 2679 9 spectral spectral JJ 39142 2679 10 type type NN 39142 2679 11 and and CC 39142 2679 12 speed speed NN 39142 2679 13 of of IN 39142 2679 14 motion motion NN 39142 2679 15 . . . 39142 2680 1 As as RB 39142 2680 2 early early RB 39142 2680 3 as as IN 39142 2680 4 1892 1892 CD 39142 2680 5 Monck Monck NNP 39142 2680 6 of of IN 39142 2680 7 Dublin Dublin NNP 39142 2680 8 , , , 39142 2680 9 later later RB 39142 2680 10 Kapteyn Kapteyn NNP 39142 2680 11 , , , 39142 2680 12 and and CC 39142 2680 13 still still RB 39142 2680 14 later later RBR 39142 2680 15 Dyson Dyson NNP 39142 2680 16 , , , 39142 2680 17 directed direct VBD 39142 2680 18 attention attention NN 39142 2680 19 to to IN 39142 2680 20 the the DT 39142 2680 21 fact fact NN 39142 2680 22 that that IN 39142 2680 23 stars star NNS 39142 2680 24 of of IN 39142 2680 25 the the DT 39142 2680 26 Secchi Secchi NNP 39142 2680 27 type type NN 39142 2680 28 II II NNP 39142 2680 29 had have VBD 39142 2680 30 on on IN 39142 2680 31 the the DT 39142 2680 32 average average JJ 39142 2680 33 larger large JJR 39142 2680 34 proper proper JJ 39142 2680 35 motions motion NNS 39142 2680 36 than than IN 39142 2680 37 those those DT 39142 2680 38 of of IN 39142 2680 39 type type NN 39142 2680 40 I. i. NN 39142 2681 1 In in IN 39142 2681 2 1903 1903 CD 39142 2681 3 Frost Frost NNP 39142 2681 4 and and CC 39142 2681 5 Adams Adams NNP 39142 2681 6 brought bring VBD 39142 2681 7 out out RP 39142 2681 8 the the DT 39142 2681 9 exceptional exceptional JJ 39142 2681 10 character character NN 39142 2681 11 of of IN 39142 2681 12 the the DT 39142 2681 13 Orion Orion NNP 39142 2681 14 stars star NNS 39142 2681 15 , , , 39142 2681 16 the the DT 39142 2681 17 radial radial JJ 39142 2681 18 velocities velocity NNS 39142 2681 19 of of IN 39142 2681 20 twenty twenty CD 39142 2681 21 of of IN 39142 2681 22 which which WDT 39142 2681 23 averaged average VBD 39142 2681 24 only only RB 39142 2681 25 seven seven CD 39142 2681 26 kilometers kilometer NNS 39142 2681 27 per per IN 39142 2681 28 second second NN 39142 2681 29 . . . 39142 2682 1 Soon soon RB 39142 2682 2 after after RB 39142 2682 3 , , , 39142 2682 4 with with IN 39142 2682 5 the the DT 39142 2682 6 introduction introduction NN 39142 2682 7 of of IN 39142 2682 8 the the DT 39142 2682 9 two two CD 39142 2682 10 - - HYPH 39142 2682 11 stream stream NN 39142 2682 12 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 2682 13 , , , 39142 2682 14 a a DT 39142 2682 15 wider wide JJR 39142 2682 16 generalization generalization NN 39142 2682 17 was be VBD 39142 2682 18 reached reach VBN 39142 2682 19 by by IN 39142 2682 20 Campbell Campbell NNP 39142 2682 21 and and CC 39142 2682 22 Kapteyn Kapteyn NNP 39142 2682 23 , , , 39142 2682 24 whose whose WP$ 39142 2682 25 radial radial JJ 39142 2682 26 velocities velocity NNS 39142 2682 27 showed show VBD 39142 2682 28 that that IN 39142 2682 29 the the DT 39142 2682 30 average average JJ 39142 2682 31 linear linear JJ 39142 2682 32 velocity velocity NN 39142 2682 33 increases increase NNS 39142 2682 34 continually continually RB 39142 2682 35 through through IN 39142 2682 36 the the DT 39142 2682 37 entire entire JJ 39142 2682 38 series series NN 39142 2682 39 B B NNP 39142 2682 40 , , , 39142 2682 41 A A NNP 39142 2682 42 , , , 39142 2682 43 F F NNP 39142 2682 44 , , , 39142 2682 45 G G NNP 39142 2682 46 , , , 39142 2682 47 K K NNP 39142 2682 48 , , , 39142 2682 49 M M NNP 39142 2682 50 , , , 39142 2682 51 from from IN 39142 2682 52 the the DT 39142 2682 53 earliest early JJS 39142 2682 54 types type NNS 39142 2682 55 of of IN 39142 2682 56 evolution evolution NN 39142 2682 57 to to IN 39142 2682 58 the the DT 39142 2682 59 latest late JJS 39142 2682 60 . . . 39142 2683 1 The the DT 39142 2683 2 younger young JJR 39142 2683 3 stars star NNS 39142 2683 4 of of IN 39142 2683 5 early early JJ 39142 2683 6 type type NN 39142 2683 7 have have VBP 39142 2683 8 velocities velocity NNS 39142 2683 9 of of IN 39142 2683 10 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2683 11 five five CD 39142 2683 12 or or CC 39142 2683 13 six six CD 39142 2683 14 kilometers kilometer NNS 39142 2683 15 per per IN 39142 2683 16 second second NN 39142 2683 17 , , , 39142 2683 18 while while IN 39142 2683 19 the the DT 39142 2683 20 older old JJR 39142 2683 21 stars star NNS 39142 2683 22 of of IN 39142 2683 23 later later JJ 39142 2683 24 type type NN 39142 2683 25 have have VBP 39142 2683 26 velocities velocity NNS 39142 2683 27 nearly nearly RB 39142 2683 28 fourfold fourfold JJ 39142 2683 29 greater great JJR 39142 2683 30 . . . 39142 2684 1 The the DT 39142 2684 2 great great JJ 39142 2684 3 question question NN 39142 2684 4 that that WDT 39142 2684 5 occurs occur VBZ 39142 2684 6 at at IN 39142 2684 7 once once RB 39142 2684 8 is be VBZ 39142 2684 9 : : : 39142 2684 10 How how WRB 39142 2684 11 do do VB 39142 2684 12 the the DT 39142 2684 13 individual individual JJ 39142 2684 14 stars star NNS 39142 2684 15 get get VB 39142 2684 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2684 17 motions motion NNS 39142 2684 18 ? ? . 39142 2685 1 The the DT 39142 2685 2 farther farther JJ 39142 2685 3 back back RB 39142 2685 4 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2685 5 go go VBP 39142 2685 6 in in IN 39142 2685 7 a a DT 39142 2685 8 star star NN 39142 2685 9 's 's POS 39142 2685 10 life life NN 39142 2685 11 history history NN 39142 2685 12 , , , 39142 2685 13 the the DT 39142 2685 14 smaller small JJR 39142 2685 15 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2685 16 find find VBP 39142 2685 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2685 18 velocity velocity NN 39142 2685 19 to to TO 39142 2685 20 be be VB 39142 2685 21 . . . 39142 2686 1 When when WRB 39142 2686 2 a a DT 39142 2686 3 star star NN 39142 2686 4 reaches reach VBZ 39142 2686 5 the the DT 39142 2686 6 Orion Orion NNP 39142 2686 7 stage stage NN 39142 2686 8 of of IN 39142 2686 9 development development NN 39142 2686 10 , , , 39142 2686 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2686 12 velocity velocity NN 39142 2686 13 is be VBZ 39142 2686 14 only only RB 39142 2686 15 one one CD 39142 2686 16 - - HYPH 39142 2686 17 third third NN 39142 2686 18 of of IN 39142 2686 19 what what WP 39142 2686 20 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2686 21 may may MD 39142 2686 22 be be VB 39142 2686 23 expected expect VBN 39142 2686 24 to to TO 39142 2686 25 have have VB 39142 2686 26 finally finally RB 39142 2686 27 . . . 39142 2687 1 Apparently apparently RB 39142 2687 2 , , , 39142 2687 3 then then RB 39142 2687 4 , , , 39142 2687 5 the the DT 39142 2687 6 stars star NNS 39142 2687 7 at at IN 39142 2687 8 birth birth NN 39142 2687 9 have have VBP 39142 2687 10 no no DT 39142 2687 11 motion motion NN 39142 2687 12 , , , 39142 2687 13 but but CC 39142 2687 14 gradually gradually RB 39142 2687 15 acquire acquire VB 39142 2687 16 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2687 17 in in IN 39142 2687 18 passing pass VBG 39142 2687 19 through through IN 39142 2687 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2687 21 several several JJ 39142 2687 22 types type NNS 39142 2687 23 or or CC 39142 2687 24 stages stage NNS 39142 2687 25 of of IN 39142 2687 26 development development NN 39142 2687 27 . . . 39142 2688 1 More more RBR 39142 2688 2 striking striking JJ 39142 2688 3 still still RB 39142 2688 4 is be VBZ 39142 2688 5 the the DT 39142 2688 6 motion motion NN 39142 2688 7 of of IN 39142 2688 8 the the DT 39142 2688 9 planetary planetary NN 39142 2688 10 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 2688 11 , , , 39142 2688 12 in in IN 39142 2688 13 excess excess NN 39142 2688 14 of of IN 39142 2688 15 25 25 CD 39142 2688 16 kilometers kilometer NNS 39142 2688 17 per per IN 39142 2688 18 second second NN 39142 2688 19 , , , 39142 2688 20 while while IN 39142 2688 21 type type NN 39142 2688 22 A a DT 39142 2688 23 stars star NNS 39142 2688 24 move move VBP 39142 2688 25 11 11 CD 39142 2688 26 kilometers kilometer NNS 39142 2688 27 , , , 39142 2688 28 type type NN 39142 2688 29 G G NNP 39142 2688 30 15 15 CD 39142 2688 31 kilometers kilometer NNS 39142 2688 32 , , , 39142 2688 33 and and CC 39142 2688 34 type type NN 39142 2688 35 M M NNP 39142 2688 36 17 17 CD 39142 2688 37 kilometers kilometer NNS 39142 2688 38 per per IN 39142 2688 39 second second NN 39142 2688 40 . . . 39142 2689 1 Can Can MD 39142 2689 2 the the DT 39142 2689 3 law law NN 39142 2689 4 connecting connect VBG 39142 2689 5 speed speed NN 39142 2689 6 of of IN 39142 2689 7 motion motion NN 39142 2689 8 and and CC 39142 2689 9 spectral spectral NN 39142 2689 10 type type NN 39142 2689 11 be be VB 39142 2689 12 so so RB 39142 2689 13 general general JJ 39142 2689 14 that that IN 39142 2689 15 the the DT 39142 2689 16 planetary planetary NN 39142 2689 17 nebula nebula NN 39142 2689 18 is be VBZ 39142 2689 19 to to TO 39142 2689 20 be be VB 39142 2689 21 regarded regard VBN 39142 2689 22 as as IN 39142 2689 23 the the DT 39142 2689 24 final final JJ 39142 2689 25 evolutionary evolutionary JJ 39142 2689 26 stage stage NN 39142 2689 27 ? ? . 39142 2690 1 Stars star NNS 39142 2690 2 have have VBP 39142 2690 3 been be VBN 39142 2690 4 seen see VBN 39142 2690 5 to to TO 39142 2690 6 become become VB 39142 2690 7 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 2690 8 , , , 39142 2690 9 and and CC 39142 2690 10 one one CD 39142 2690 11 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 2690 12 at at IN 39142 2690 13 least least JJS 39142 2690 14 is be VBZ 39142 2690 15 strongly strongly RB 39142 2690 16 of of IN 39142 2690 17 the the DT 39142 2690 18 opinion opinion NN 39142 2690 19 that that IN 39142 2690 20 a a DT 39142 2690 21 single single JJ 39142 2690 22 such such JJ 39142 2690 23 instance instance NN 39142 2690 24 ought ought MD 39142 2690 25 to to TO 39142 2690 26 outweigh outweigh VB 39142 2690 27 all all DT 39142 2690 28 speculation speculation NN 39142 2690 29 to to IN 39142 2690 30 the the DT 39142 2690 31 contrary contrary NN 39142 2690 32 , , , 39142 2690 33 as as IN 39142 2690 34 that that DT 39142 2690 35 stars star NNS 39142 2690 36 originate originate VBP 39142 2690 37 from from IN 39142 2690 38 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 2690 39 . . . 39142 2691 1 In in IN 39142 2691 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2691 3 discussion discussion NN 39142 2691 4 of of IN 39142 2691 5 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2691 6 proper proper JJ 39142 2691 7 motions motion NNS 39142 2691 8 , , , 39142 2691 9 Boss Boss NNP 39142 2691 10 has have VBZ 39142 2691 11 reached reach VBN 39142 2691 12 a a DT 39142 2691 13 striking striking JJ 39142 2691 14 confirmation confirmation NN 39142 2691 15 of of IN 39142 2691 16 the the DT 39142 2691 17 relation relation NN 39142 2691 18 of of IN 39142 2691 19 speed speed NN 39142 2691 20 to to TO 39142 2691 21 type type NN 39142 2691 22 , , , 39142 2691 23 finding find VBG 39142 2691 24 for for IN 39142 2691 25 the the DT 39142 2691 26 cross cross NN 39142 2691 27 linear linear NNP 39142 2691 28 motion motion NN 39142 2691 29 of of IN 39142 2691 30 the the DT 39142 2691 31 different different JJ 39142 2691 32 types type NNS 39142 2691 33 a a DT 39142 2691 34 series series NN 39142 2691 35 of of IN 39142 2691 36 velocities velocity NNS 39142 2691 37 closely closely RB 39142 2691 38 paralleling parallel VBG 39142 2691 39 those those DT 39142 2691 40 of of IN 39142 2691 41 Kapteyn Kapteyn NNP 39142 2691 42 and and CC 39142 2691 43 Campbell Campbell NNP 39142 2691 44 . . . 39142 2692 1 Concerning concern VBG 39142 2692 2 the the DT 39142 2692 3 marked mark VBN 39142 2692 4 relation relation NN 39142 2692 5 of of IN 39142 2692 6 the the DT 39142 2692 7 luminosities luminosity NNS 39142 2692 8 of of IN 39142 2692 9 the the DT 39142 2692 10 stars star NNS 39142 2692 11 to to IN 39142 2692 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2692 13 spectral spectral JJ 39142 2692 14 types type NNS 39142 2692 15 , , , 39142 2692 16 there there EX 39142 2692 17 is be VBZ 39142 2692 18 a a DT 39142 2692 19 pronounced pronounced JJ 39142 2692 20 tendency tendency NN 39142 2692 21 toward toward IN 39142 2692 22 equality equality NN 39142 2692 23 of of IN 39142 2692 24 brightness brightness NN 39142 2692 25 among among IN 39142 2692 26 stars star NNS 39142 2692 27 of of IN 39142 2692 28 a a DT 39142 2692 29 given give VBN 39142 2692 30 type type NN 39142 2692 31 ; ; : 39142 2692 32 also also RB 39142 2692 33 the the DT 39142 2692 34 brightness brightness NN 39142 2692 35 diminishes diminish VBZ 39142 2692 36 very very RB 39142 2692 37 markedly markedly RB 39142 2692 38 with with IN 39142 2692 39 advance advance NN 39142 2692 40 in in IN 39142 2692 41 the the DT 39142 2692 42 stage stage NN 39142 2692 43 of of IN 39142 2692 44 evolution evolution NN 39142 2692 45 . . . 39142 2693 1 There there EX 39142 2693 2 has have VBZ 39142 2693 3 been be VBN 39142 2693 4 much much JJ 39142 2693 5 discussion discussion NN 39142 2693 6 as as IN 39142 2693 7 to to IN 39142 2693 8 the the DT 39142 2693 9 order order NN 39142 2693 10 of of IN 39142 2693 11 evolution evolution NN 39142 2693 12 as as IN 39142 2693 13 related relate VBN 39142 2693 14 to to IN 39142 2693 15 the the DT 39142 2693 16 type type NN 39142 2693 17 of of IN 39142 2693 18 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 2693 19 , , , 39142 2693 20 and and CC 39142 2693 21 Russell Russell NNP 39142 2693 22 of of IN 39142 2693 23 Princeton Princeton NNP 39142 2693 24 has have VBZ 39142 2693 25 put put VBN 39142 2693 26 forward forward RP 39142 2693 27 the the DT 39142 2693 28 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 2693 29 of of IN 39142 2693 30 giant giant JJ 39142 2693 31 stars star NNS 39142 2693 32 and and CC 39142 2693 33 dwarf dwarf NN 39142 2693 34 stars star NNS 39142 2693 35 , , , 39142 2693 36 each each DT 39142 2693 37 spectral spectral JJ 39142 2693 38 type type NN 39142 2693 39 having have VBG 39142 2693 40 these these DT 39142 2693 41 two two CD 39142 2693 42 divisions division NNS 39142 2693 43 , , , 39142 2693 44 though though IN 39142 2693 45 not not RB 39142 2693 46 closely closely RB 39142 2693 47 related related JJ 39142 2693 48 . . . 39142 2694 1 One one CD 39142 2694 2 class class NN 39142 2694 3 embraces embrace VBZ 39142 2694 4 intensely intensely RB 39142 2694 5 luminous luminous JJ 39142 2694 6 stars star NNS 39142 2694 7 , , , 39142 2694 8 the the DT 39142 2694 9 other other JJ 39142 2694 10 stars star NNS 39142 2694 11 only only RB 39142 2694 12 feebly feebly RB 39142 2694 13 luminous luminous JJ 39142 2694 14 . . . 39142 2695 1 When when WRB 39142 2695 2 a a DT 39142 2695 3 star star NN 39142 2695 4 is be VBZ 39142 2695 5 in in IN 39142 2695 6 process process NN 39142 2695 7 of of IN 39142 2695 8 contraction contraction NN 39142 2695 9 from from IN 39142 2695 10 a a DT 39142 2695 11 diffused diffused JJ 39142 2695 12 gaseous gaseous JJ 39142 2695 13 mass mass NN 39142 2695 14 , , , 39142 2695 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2695 16 temperature temperature NN 39142 2695 17 rises rise VBZ 39142 2695 18 , , , 39142 2695 19 according accord VBG 39142 2695 20 to to IN 39142 2695 21 Lane Lane NNP 39142 2695 22 's 's POS 39142 2695 23 law law NN 39142 2695 24 , , , 39142 2695 25 until until IN 39142 2695 26 that that DT 39142 2695 27 density density NN 39142 2695 28 is be VBZ 39142 2695 29 reached reach VBN 39142 2695 30 where where WRB 39142 2695 31 the the DT 39142 2695 32 loss loss NN 39142 2695 33 of of IN 39142 2695 34 heat heat NN 39142 2695 35 by by IN 39142 2695 36 radiation radiation NN 39142 2695 37 exceeds exceed VBZ 39142 2695 38 the the DT 39142 2695 39 rise rise NN 39142 2695 40 in in IN 39142 2695 41 temperature temperature NN 39142 2695 42 due due IN 39142 2695 43 to to IN 39142 2695 44 conversion conversion NN 39142 2695 45 of of IN 39142 2695 46 gravitational gravitational JJ 39142 2695 47 energy energy NN 39142 2695 48 into into IN 39142 2695 49 heat heat NN 39142 2695 50 . . . 39142 2696 1 Then then RB 39142 2696 2 the the DT 39142 2696 3 star star NN 39142 2696 4 begins begin VBZ 39142 2696 5 to to TO 39142 2696 6 cool cool VB 39142 2696 7 again again RB 39142 2696 8 . . . 39142 2697 1 So so RB 39142 2697 2 that that IN 39142 2697 3 if if IN 39142 2697 4 the the DT 39142 2697 5 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 2697 6 of of IN 39142 2697 7 a a DT 39142 2697 8 star star NN 39142 2697 9 depends depend VBZ 39142 2697 10 mainly mainly RB 39142 2697 11 on on IN 39142 2697 12 the the DT 39142 2697 13 effective effective JJ 39142 2697 14 temperature temperature NN 39142 2697 15 of of IN 39142 2697 16 the the DT 39142 2697 17 body body NN 39142 2697 18 , , , 39142 2697 19 clearly clearly RB 39142 2697 20 the the DT 39142 2697 21 classification classification NN 39142 2697 22 of of IN 39142 2697 23 the the DT 39142 2697 24 Draper Draper NNP 39142 2697 25 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 2697 26 would would MD 39142 2697 27 group group VB 39142 2697 28 stars star NNS 39142 2697 29 together together RB 39142 2697 30 which which WDT 39142 2697 31 are be VBP 39142 2697 32 nearly nearly RB 39142 2697 33 alike alike RB 39142 2697 34 in in IN 39142 2697 35 temperature temperature NN 39142 2697 36 , , , 39142 2697 37 taking take VBG 39142 2697 38 no no DT 39142 2697 39 note note NN 39142 2697 40 as as IN 39142 2697 41 to to IN 39142 2697 42 whether whether IN 39142 2697 43 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2697 44 present present JJ 39142 2697 45 temperature temperature NN 39142 2697 46 is be VBZ 39142 2697 47 rising rise VBG 39142 2697 48 or or CC 39142 2697 49 falling fall VBG 39142 2697 50 . . . 39142 2698 1 Another another DT 39142 2698 2 classification classification NN 39142 2698 3 of of IN 39142 2698 4 stars star NNS 39142 2698 5 by by IN 39142 2698 6 Lockyer Lockyer NNP 39142 2698 7 divides divide VBZ 39142 2698 8 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2698 9 according accord VBG 39142 2698 10 to to IN 39142 2698 11 ascending ascend VBG 39142 2698 12 and and CC 39142 2698 13 descending descend VBG 39142 2698 14 temperatures temperature NNS 39142 2698 15 . . . 39142 2699 1 Russell Russell NNP 39142 2699 2 's 's POS 39142 2699 3 theory theory NN 39142 2699 4 would would MD 39142 2699 5 assign assign VB 39142 2699 6 the the DT 39142 2699 7 succession succession NN 39142 2699 8 of of IN 39142 2699 9 evolutionary evolutionary JJ 39142 2699 10 types type NNS 39142 2699 11 in in IN 39142 2699 12 the the DT 39142 2699 13 order order NN 39142 2699 14 , , , 39142 2699 15 M_{1 M_{1 NNP 39142 2699 16 } } -RRB- 39142 2699 17 , , , 39142 2699 18 K_{1 K_{1 NNP 39142 2699 19 } } -RRB- 39142 2699 20 , , , 39142 2699 21 G_{1 G_{1 NNP 39142 2699 22 } } -RRB- 39142 2699 23 , , , 39142 2699 24 F_{1 F_{1 NNP 39142 2699 25 } } -RRB- 39142 2699 26 , , , 39142 2699 27 A_{1 A_{1 NNP 39142 2699 28 } } -RRB- 39142 2699 29 , , , 39142 2699 30 B B NNP 39142 2699 31 , , , 39142 2699 32 A_{2 A_{2 NNP 39142 2699 33 } } -RRB- 39142 2699 34 , , , 39142 2699 35 F_{2 F_{2 NNP 39142 2699 36 } } -RRB- 39142 2699 37 , , , 39142 2699 38 G_{2 G_{2 NNP 39142 2699 39 } } -RRB- 39142 2699 40 , , , 39142 2699 41 K_{2 K_{2 NNP 39142 2699 42 } } -RRB- 39142 2699 43 , , , 39142 2699 44 M_{2 M_{2 NNP 39142 2699 45 } } -RRB- 39142 2699 46 , , , 39142 2699 47 the the DT 39142 2699 48 subscript subscript NN 39142 2699 49 1 1 CD 39142 2699 50 referring refer VBG 39142 2699 51 to to IN 39142 2699 52 the the DT 39142 2699 53 " " `` 39142 2699 54 giants giant NNS 39142 2699 55 , , , 39142 2699 56 " " '' 39142 2699 57 and and CC 39142 2699 58 2 2 CD 39142 2699 59 to to IN 39142 2699 60 the the DT 39142 2699 61 dwarf dwarf NN 39142 2699 62 stars star NNS 39142 2699 63 . . . 39142 2700 1 In in IN 39142 2700 2 large large JJ 39142 2700 3 part part NN 39142 2700 4 the the DT 39142 2700 5 weight weight NN 39142 2700 6 of of IN 39142 2700 7 evidence evidence NN 39142 2700 8 would would MD 39142 2700 9 appear appear VB 39142 2700 10 to to TO 39142 2700 11 favor favor VB 39142 2700 12 the the DT 39142 2700 13 order order NN 39142 2700 14 of of IN 39142 2700 15 the the DT 39142 2700 16 Harvard Harvard NNP 39142 2700 17 classification classification NN 39142 2700 18 , , , 39142 2700 19 independently independently RB 39142 2700 20 confirmed confirm VBD 39142 2700 21 as as IN 39142 2700 22 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2700 23 is be VBZ 39142 2700 24 by by IN 39142 2700 25 studies study NNS 39142 2700 26 of of IN 39142 2700 27 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2700 28 velocities velocity NNS 39142 2700 29 , , , 39142 2700 30 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 2700 31 distribution distribution NN 39142 2700 32 , , , 39142 2700 33 and and CC 39142 2700 34 periods period NNS 39142 2700 35 of of IN 39142 2700 36 binary binary JJ 39142 2700 37 stars star NNS 39142 2700 38 both both CC 39142 2700 39 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 2700 40 and and CC 39142 2700 41 visual visual JJ 39142 2700 42 , , , 39142 2700 43 where where WRB 39142 2700 44 Campbell Campbell NNP 39142 2700 45 and and CC 39142 2700 46 Aiken Aiken NNP 39142 2700 47 find find VBP 39142 2700 48 a a DT 39142 2700 49 marked marked JJ 39142 2700 50 increase increase NN 39142 2700 51 in in IN 39142 2700 52 length length NN 39142 2700 53 of of IN 39142 2700 54 period period NN 39142 2700 55 with with IN 39142 2700 56 advance advance NN 39142 2700 57 in in IN 39142 2700 58 spectral spectral JJ 39142 2700 59 type type NN 39142 2700 60 . . . 39142 2701 1 At at IN 39142 2701 2 the the DT 39142 2701 3 same same JJ 39142 2701 4 time time NN 39142 2701 5 , , , 39142 2701 6 a a DT 39142 2701 7 vast vast JJ 39142 2701 8 amount amount NN 39142 2701 9 of of IN 39142 2701 10 evidence evidence NN 39142 2701 11 is be VBZ 39142 2701 12 accumulating accumulate VBG 39142 2701 13 in in IN 39142 2701 14 support support NN 39142 2701 15 of of IN 39142 2701 16 Russell Russell NNP 39142 2701 17 's 's POS 39142 2701 18 theory theory NN 39142 2701 19 . . . 39142 2702 1 Investigations investigation NNS 39142 2702 2 in in IN 39142 2702 3 progress progress NN 39142 2702 4 will will MD 39142 2702 5 doubtless doubtless RB 39142 2702 6 reveal reveal VB 39142 2702 7 the the DT 39142 2702 8 ground ground NN 39142 2702 9 on on IN 39142 2702 10 which which WDT 39142 2702 11 both both DT 39142 2702 12 may may MD 39142 2702 13 be be VB 39142 2702 14 harmonized harmonize VBN 39142 2702 15 . . . 39142 2703 1 The the DT 39142 2703 2 publication publication NN 39142 2703 3 of of IN 39142 2703 4 the the DT 39142 2703 5 new new JJ 39142 2703 6 Henry Henry NNP 39142 2703 7 Draper Draper NNP 39142 2703 8 Catalogue Catalogue NNP 39142 2703 9 of of IN 39142 2703 10 Stellar Stellar NNP 39142 2703 11 Spectra Spectra NNP 39142 2703 12 is be VBZ 39142 2703 13 in in IN 39142 2703 14 progress progress NN 39142 2703 15 , , , 39142 2703 16 a a DT 39142 2703 17 work work NN 39142 2703 18 of of IN 39142 2703 19 vast vast JJ 39142 2703 20 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2703 21 . . . 39142 2704 1 The the DT 39142 2704 2 great great JJ 39142 2704 3 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 2704 4 of of IN 39142 2704 5 thirty thirty CD 39142 2704 6 years year NNS 39142 2704 7 ago ago RB 39142 2704 8 embraced embrace VBD 39142 2704 9 the the DT 39142 2704 10 spectra spectra NN 39142 2704 11 of of IN 39142 2704 12 more more JJR 39142 2704 13 than than IN 39142 2704 14 ten ten CD 39142 2704 15 thousand thousand CD 39142 2704 16 stars star NNS 39142 2704 17 , , , 39142 2704 18 and and CC 39142 2704 19 was be VBD 39142 2704 20 a a DT 39142 2704 21 huge huge JJ 39142 2704 22 work work NN 39142 2704 23 for for IN 39142 2704 24 that that DT 39142 2704 25 day day NN 39142 2704 26 ; ; : 39142 2704 27 but but CC 39142 2704 28 the the DT 39142 2704 29 new new JJ 39142 2704 30 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 2704 31 utterly utterly RB 39142 2704 32 dwarfs dwarf VBZ 39142 2704 33 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2704 34 , , , 39142 2704 35 with with IN 39142 2704 36 a a DT 39142 2704 37 classification classification NN 39142 2704 38 much much RB 39142 2704 39 more more RBR 39142 2704 40 detailed detailed JJ 39142 2704 41 than than IN 39142 2704 42 in in IN 39142 2704 43 the the DT 39142 2704 44 earlier early JJR 39142 2704 45 work work NN 39142 2704 46 , , , 39142 2704 47 and and CC 39142 2704 48 with with IN 39142 2704 49 the the DT 39142 2704 50 number number NN 39142 2704 51 of of IN 39142 2704 52 stars star NNS 39142 2704 53 increased increase VBN 39142 2704 54 more more JJR 39142 2704 55 than than IN 39142 2704 56 twenty twenty RB 39142 2704 57 - - HYPH 39142 2704 58 fold fold RB 39142 2704 59 . . . 39142 2705 1 This this DT 39142 2705 2 work work NN 39142 2705 3 , , , 39142 2705 4 projected project VBN 39142 2705 5 by by IN 39142 2705 6 the the DT 39142 2705 7 late late JJ 39142 2705 8 director director NN 39142 2705 9 of of IN 39142 2705 10 the the DT 39142 2705 11 Harvard Harvard NNP 39142 2705 12 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 2705 13 , , , 39142 2705 14 has have VBZ 39142 2705 15 been be VBN 39142 2705 16 brought bring VBN 39142 2705 17 to to IN 39142 2705 18 a a DT 39142 2705 19 conclusion conclusion NN 39142 2705 20 by by IN 39142 2705 21 the the DT 39142 2705 22 energy energy NN 39142 2705 23 and and CC 39142 2705 24 enthusiasm enthusiasm NN 39142 2705 25 of of IN 39142 2705 26 Miss Miss NNP 39142 2705 27 Annie Annie NNP 39142 2705 28 J. J. NNP 39142 2705 29 Cannon Cannon NNP 39142 2705 30 through through IN 39142 2705 31 six six CD 39142 2705 32 years year NNS 39142 2705 33 of of IN 39142 2705 34 close close JJ 39142 2705 35 application application NN 39142 2705 36 , , , 39142 2705 37 aided aid VBN 39142 2705 38 by by IN 39142 2705 39 many many JJ 39142 2705 40 assistants assistant NNS 39142 2705 41 . . . 39142 2706 1 The the DT 39142 2706 2 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 2706 3 ranges range VBZ 39142 2706 4 over over IN 39142 2706 5 the the DT 39142 2706 6 stars star NNS 39142 2706 7 of of IN 39142 2706 8 both both DT 39142 2706 9 hemispheres hemisphere NNS 39142 2706 10 , , , 39142 2706 11 and and CC 39142 2706 12 is be VBZ 39142 2706 13 a a DT 39142 2706 14 monument monument NN 39142 2706 15 to to IN 39142 2706 16 masterly masterly JJ 39142 2706 17 organization organization NN 39142 2706 18 and and CC 39142 2706 19 completed complete VBD 39142 2706 20 execution execution NN 39142 2706 21 which which WDT 39142 2706 22 will will MD 39142 2706 23 be be VB 39142 2706 24 of of IN 39142 2706 25 the the DT 39142 2706 26 highest high JJS 39142 2706 27 importance importance NN 39142 2706 28 and and CC 39142 2706 29 usefulness usefulness NN 39142 2706 30 in in IN 39142 2706 31 all all DT 39142 2706 32 future future JJ 39142 2706 33 researches research NNS 39142 2706 34 on on IN 39142 2706 35 the the DT 39142 2706 36 bodies body NNS 39142 2706 37 of of IN 39142 2706 38 the the DT 39142 2706 39 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2706 40 universe universe NN 39142 2706 41 . . . 39142 2707 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39142 2707 2 XLVIII XLVIII NNP 39142 2707 3 STAR STAR NNP 39142 2707 4 DISTANCES DISTANCES NNP 39142 2707 5 So so RB 39142 2707 6 vast vast JJ 39142 2707 7 are be VBP 39142 2707 8 the the DT 39142 2707 9 distances distance NNS 39142 2707 10 of of IN 39142 2707 11 the the DT 39142 2707 12 stars star NNS 39142 2707 13 that that WDT 39142 2707 14 all all DT 39142 2707 15 attempts attempt NNS 39142 2707 16 of of IN 39142 2707 17 the the DT 39142 2707 18 early early JJ 39142 2707 19 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2707 20 to to TO 39142 2707 21 ascertain ascertain VB 39142 2707 22 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2707 23 necessarily necessarily RB 39142 2707 24 proved prove VBD 39142 2707 25 futile futile RB 39142 2707 26 . . . 39142 2708 1 This this DT 39142 2708 2 led lead VBD 39142 2708 3 many many JJ 39142 2708 4 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2708 5 after after IN 39142 2708 6 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 39142 2708 7 to to TO 39142 2708 8 reject reject VB 39142 2708 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2708 10 doctrine doctrine NN 39142 2708 11 of of IN 39142 2708 12 the the DT 39142 2708 13 earth earth NN 39142 2708 14 's 's POS 39142 2708 15 motion motion NN 39142 2708 16 round round IN 39142 2708 17 the the DT 39142 2708 18 sun sun NN 39142 2708 19 , , , 39142 2708 20 so so IN 39142 2708 21 that that IN 39142 2708 22 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2708 23 clung clung VBP 39142 2708 24 rather rather RB 39142 2708 25 to to IN 39142 2708 26 the the DT 39142 2708 27 Ptolemaic Ptolemaic NNP 39142 2708 28 view view NN 39142 2708 29 that that IN 39142 2708 30 the the DT 39142 2708 31 earth earth NN 39142 2708 32 was be VBD 39142 2708 33 without without IN 39142 2708 34 motion motion NN 39142 2708 35 and and CC 39142 2708 36 was be VBD 39142 2708 37 the the DT 39142 2708 38 center center NN 39142 2708 39 about about IN 39142 2708 40 which which WDT 39142 2708 41 all all PDT 39142 2708 42 the the DT 39142 2708 43 celestial celestial JJ 39142 2708 44 motions motion NNS 39142 2708 45 took take VBD 39142 2708 46 place place NN 39142 2708 47 . . . 39142 2709 1 The the DT 39142 2709 2 geometry geometry NN 39142 2709 3 of of IN 39142 2709 4 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2709 5 distances distance NNS 39142 2709 6 was be VBD 39142 2709 7 perfectly perfectly RB 39142 2709 8 understood understand VBN 39142 2709 9 , , , 39142 2709 10 and and CC 39142 2709 11 many many JJ 39142 2709 12 were be VBD 39142 2709 13 the the DT 39142 2709 14 attempts attempt NNS 39142 2709 15 made make VBN 39142 2709 16 to to TO 39142 2709 17 find find VB 39142 2709 18 the the DT 39142 2709 19 parallaxes parallax NNS 39142 2709 20 and and CC 39142 2709 21 distances distance NNS 39142 2709 22 of of IN 39142 2709 23 the the DT 39142 2709 24 stars star NNS 39142 2709 25 ; ; : 39142 2709 26 but but CC 39142 2709 27 the the DT 39142 2709 28 art art NN 39142 2709 29 of of IN 39142 2709 30 instrument instrument NN 39142 2709 31 making making NN 39142 2709 32 had have VBD 39142 2709 33 not not RB 39142 2709 34 yet yet RB 39142 2709 35 advanced advance VBN 39142 2709 36 to to IN 39142 2709 37 a a DT 39142 2709 38 stage stage NN 39142 2709 39 where where WRB 39142 2709 40 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2709 41 had have VBD 39142 2709 42 the the DT 39142 2709 43 mechanisms mechanism NNS 39142 2709 44 that that WDT 39142 2709 45 were be VBD 39142 2709 46 absolutely absolutely RB 39142 2709 47 necessary necessary JJ 39142 2709 48 to to TO 39142 2709 49 measure measure VB 39142 2709 50 very very RB 39142 2709 51 small small JJ 39142 2709 52 angles angle NNS 39142 2709 53 . . . 39142 2710 1 About about IN 39142 2710 2 1835 1835 CD 39142 2710 3 , , , 39142 2710 4 Bessel Bessel NNP 39142 2710 5 undertook undertake VBD 39142 2710 6 the the DT 39142 2710 7 work work NN 39142 2710 8 of of IN 39142 2710 9 determining determine VBG 39142 2710 10 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2710 11 parallax parallax NN 39142 2710 12 in in IN 39142 2710 13 earnest earnest NN 39142 2710 14 . . . 39142 2711 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2711 2 instrument instrument NN 39142 2711 3 was be VBD 39142 2711 4 the the DT 39142 2711 5 heliometer heliometer NN 39142 2711 6 , , , 39142 2711 7 originally originally RB 39142 2711 8 designed design VBN 39142 2711 9 for for IN 39142 2711 10 measuring measure VBG 39142 2711 11 the the DT 39142 2711 12 sun sun NN 39142 2711 13 's 's POS 39142 2711 14 diameter diameter NN 39142 2711 15 ; ; : 39142 2711 16 but but CC 39142 2711 17 as as IN 39142 2711 18 modified modify VBN 39142 2711 19 for for IN 39142 2711 20 parallax parallax NN 39142 2711 21 work work NN 39142 2711 22 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2711 23 is be VBZ 39142 2711 24 the the DT 39142 2711 25 most most RBS 39142 2711 26 accurate accurate JJ 39142 2711 27 of of IN 39142 2711 28 all all DT 39142 2711 29 angle angle NN 39142 2711 30 - - HYPH 39142 2711 31 measuring measure VBG 39142 2711 32 instruments instrument NNS 39142 2711 33 that that IN 39142 2711 34 the the DT 39142 2711 35 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2711 36 employ employ VBP 39142 2711 37 . . . 39142 2712 1 The the DT 39142 2712 2 star star NN 39142 2712 3 that that WDT 39142 2712 4 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2712 5 selected select VBD 39142 2712 6 was be VBD 39142 2712 7 61 61 CD 39142 2712 8 Cygni Cygni NNP 39142 2712 9 , , , 39142 2712 10 not not RB 39142 2712 11 a a DT 39142 2712 12 bright bright JJ 39142 2712 13 star star NN 39142 2712 14 , , , 39142 2712 15 of of IN 39142 2712 16 the the DT 39142 2712 17 sixth sixth JJ 39142 2712 18 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2712 19 only only RB 39142 2712 20 , , , 39142 2712 21 but but CC 39142 2712 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2712 23 large large JJ 39142 2712 24 proper proper JJ 39142 2712 25 motion motion NN 39142 2712 26 suggested suggest VBD 39142 2712 27 that that IN 39142 2712 28 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2712 29 might may MD 39142 2712 30 be be VB 39142 2712 31 one one CD 39142 2712 32 of of IN 39142 2712 33 those those DT 39142 2712 34 nearest near JJS 39142 2712 35 to to IN 39142 2712 36 us -PRON- PRP 39142 2712 37 . . . 39142 2713 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 2713 2 measured measure VBD 39142 2713 3 with with IN 39142 2713 4 the the DT 39142 2713 5 heliometer heliometer NN 39142 2713 6 , , , 39142 2713 7 at at IN 39142 2713 8 opposite opposite JJ 39142 2713 9 seasons season NNS 39142 2713 10 of of IN 39142 2713 11 the the DT 39142 2713 12 year year NN 39142 2713 13 , , , 39142 2713 14 the the DT 39142 2713 15 distance distance NN 39142 2713 16 of of IN 39142 2713 17 61 61 CD 39142 2713 18 Cygni Cygni NNP 39142 2713 19 from from IN 39142 2713 20 another another DT 39142 2713 21 and and CC 39142 2713 22 very very RB 39142 2713 23 small small JJ 39142 2713 24 star star NN 39142 2713 25 in in IN 39142 2713 26 the the DT 39142 2713 27 same same JJ 39142 2713 28 field field NN 39142 2713 29 of of IN 39142 2713 30 view view NN 39142 2713 31 , , , 39142 2713 32 and and CC 39142 2713 33 thus thus RB 39142 2713 34 determined determine VBD 39142 2713 35 the the DT 39142 2713 36 relative relative JJ 39142 2713 37 parallax parallax NN 39142 2713 38 of of IN 39142 2713 39 the the DT 39142 2713 40 two two CD 39142 2713 41 stars star NNS 39142 2713 42 . . . 39142 2714 1 The the DT 39142 2714 2 assumption assumption NN 39142 2714 3 was be VBD 39142 2714 4 made make VBN 39142 2714 5 that that IN 39142 2714 6 the the DT 39142 2714 7 very very RB 39142 2714 8 faint faint JJ 39142 2714 9 star star NN 39142 2714 10 was be VBD 39142 2714 11 very very RB 39142 2714 12 much much RB 39142 2714 13 more more RBR 39142 2714 14 distant distant JJ 39142 2714 15 than than IN 39142 2714 16 the the DT 39142 2714 17 bright bright JJ 39142 2714 18 one one NN 39142 2714 19 , , , 39142 2714 20 and and CC 39142 2714 21 this this DT 39142 2714 22 assumption assumption NN 39142 2714 23 will will MD 39142 2714 24 usually usually RB 39142 2714 25 turn turn VB 39142 2714 26 out out RP 39142 2714 27 to to TO 39142 2714 28 be be VB 39142 2714 29 sound sound JJ 39142 2714 30 . . . 39142 2715 1 Bessel Bessel NNP 39142 2715 2 got get VBD 39142 2715 3 0".35 0".35 CD 39142 2715 4 for for IN 39142 2715 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2715 6 parallax parallax NN 39142 2715 7 of of IN 39142 2715 8 61 61 CD 39142 2715 9 Cygni Cygni NNP 39142 2715 10 , , , 39142 2715 11 and and CC 39142 2715 12 Struve Struve NNP 39142 2715 13 by by IN 39142 2715 14 applying apply VBG 39142 2715 15 the the DT 39142 2715 16 same same JJ 39142 2715 17 method method NN 39142 2715 18 to to IN 39142 2715 19 Alpha Alpha NNP 39142 2715 20 Lyræ Lyræ NNP 39142 2715 21 , , , 39142 2715 22 about about IN 39142 2715 23 the the DT 39142 2715 24 same same JJ 39142 2715 25 time time NN 39142 2715 26 , , , 39142 2715 27 got get VBD 39142 2715 28 0".25 0".25 CD 39142 2715 29 for for IN 39142 2715 30 the the DT 39142 2715 31 parallax parallax NN 39142 2715 32 of of IN 39142 2715 33 that that DT 39142 2715 34 star star NN 39142 2715 35 . . . 39142 2716 1 These these DT 39142 2716 2 classic classic JJ 39142 2716 3 researches research NNS 39142 2716 4 of of IN 39142 2716 5 Bessel Bessel NNP 39142 2716 6 and and CC 39142 2716 7 Struve Struve NNP 39142 2716 8 are be VBP 39142 2716 9 the the DT 39142 2716 10 most most RBS 39142 2716 11 important important JJ 39142 2716 12 in in IN 39142 2716 13 the the DT 39142 2716 14 history history NN 39142 2716 15 of of IN 39142 2716 16 star star NN 39142 2716 17 distances distance NNS 39142 2716 18 , , , 39142 2716 19 because because IN 39142 2716 20 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2716 21 were be VBD 39142 2716 22 the the DT 39142 2716 23 first first JJ 39142 2716 24 to to TO 39142 2716 25 prove prove VB 39142 2716 26 that that DT 39142 2716 27 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2716 28 parallax parallax NN 39142 2716 29 , , , 39142 2716 30 although although IN 39142 2716 31 minute minute NN 39142 2716 32 , , , 39142 2716 33 could could MD 39142 2716 34 nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 2716 35 be be VB 39142 2716 36 actually actually RB 39142 2716 37 measured measure VBN 39142 2716 38 . . . 39142 2717 1 About about RB 39142 2717 2 the the DT 39142 2717 3 same same JJ 39142 2717 4 time time NN 39142 2717 5 success success NN 39142 2717 6 was be VBD 39142 2717 7 achieved achieve VBN 39142 2717 8 in in IN 39142 2717 9 another another DT 39142 2717 10 quarter quarter NN 39142 2717 11 , , , 39142 2717 12 and and CC 39142 2717 13 Henderson Henderson NNP 39142 2717 14 , , , 39142 2717 15 the the DT 39142 2717 16 British british JJ 39142 2717 17 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 2717 18 at at IN 39142 2717 19 the the DT 39142 2717 20 Cape Cape NNP 39142 2717 21 of of IN 39142 2717 22 Good Good NNP 39142 2717 23 Hope Hope NNP 39142 2717 24 , , , 39142 2717 25 found find VBD 39142 2717 26 a a DT 39142 2717 27 parallax parallax NN 39142 2717 28 of of IN 39142 2717 29 nearly nearly RB 39142 2717 30 a a DT 39142 2717 31 whole whole JJ 39142 2717 32 second second NN 39142 2717 33 for for IN 39142 2717 34 the the DT 39142 2717 35 bright bright JJ 39142 2717 36 star star NN 39142 2717 37 Alpha Alpha NNP 39142 2717 38 Centauri Centauri NNP 39142 2717 39 . . . 39142 2718 1 Although although IN 39142 2718 2 the the DT 39142 2718 3 parallaxes parallax NNS 39142 2718 4 of of IN 39142 2718 5 many many JJ 39142 2718 6 hundreds hundred NNS 39142 2718 7 of of IN 39142 2718 8 stars star NNS 39142 2718 9 have have VBP 39142 2718 10 been be VBN 39142 2718 11 measured measure VBN 39142 2718 12 since since RB 39142 2718 13 , , , 39142 2718 14 and and CC 39142 2718 15 the the DT 39142 2718 16 parallaxes parallax NNS 39142 2718 17 of of IN 39142 2718 18 other other JJ 39142 2718 19 thousands thousand NNS 39142 2718 20 of of IN 39142 2718 21 stars star NNS 39142 2718 22 estimated estimate VBN 39142 2718 23 , , , 39142 2718 24 the the DT 39142 2718 25 measured measure VBN 39142 2718 26 parallax parallax NN 39142 2718 27 of of IN 39142 2718 28 Alpha Alpha NNP 39142 2718 29 Centauri Centauri NNP 39142 2718 30 , , , 39142 2718 31 as as IN 39142 2718 32 later later RB 39142 2718 33 investigated investigate VBN 39142 2718 34 by by IN 39142 2718 35 Elkin Elkin NNP 39142 2718 36 and and CC 39142 2718 37 Sir Sir NNP 39142 2718 38 David David NNP 39142 2718 39 Gill Gill NNP 39142 2718 40 , , , 39142 2718 41 and and CC 39142 2718 42 found find VBD 39142 2718 43 to to TO 39142 2718 44 be be VB 39142 2718 45 0".75 0".75 CD 39142 2718 46 , , , 39142 2718 47 is be VBZ 39142 2718 48 the the DT 39142 2718 49 largest large JJS 39142 2718 50 known know VBN 39142 2718 51 parallax parallax NN 39142 2718 52 , , , 39142 2718 53 and and CC 39142 2718 54 therefore therefore RB 39142 2718 55 Alpha Alpha NNP 39142 2718 56 Centauri Centauri NNP 39142 2718 57 is be VBZ 39142 2718 58 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2718 59 nearest near JJS 39142 2718 60 neighbor neighbor NN 39142 2718 61 among among IN 39142 2718 62 the the DT 39142 2718 63 stars star NNS 39142 2718 64 , , , 39142 2718 65 so so RB 39142 2718 66 far far RB 39142 2718 67 as as IN 39142 2718 68 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2718 69 yet yet RB 39142 2718 70 know know VBP 39142 2718 71 . . . 39142 2719 1 This this DT 39142 2719 2 star star NN 39142 2719 3 is be VBZ 39142 2719 4 a a DT 39142 2719 5 binary binary JJ 39142 2719 6 system system NN 39142 2719 7 and and CC 39142 2719 8 the the DT 39142 2719 9 light light NN 39142 2719 10 of of IN 39142 2719 11 the the DT 39142 2719 12 two two CD 39142 2719 13 components component NNS 39142 2719 14 together together RB 39142 2719 15 is be VBZ 39142 2719 16 about about RB 39142 2719 17 the the DT 39142 2719 18 same same JJ 39142 2719 19 as as IN 39142 2719 20 that that DT 39142 2719 21 of of IN 39142 2719 22 Capella Capella NNP 39142 2719 23 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2719 24 Alpha Alpha NNP 39142 2719 25 Aurigæ Aurigæ NNP 39142 2719 26 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2719 27 . . . 39142 2720 1 But but CC 39142 2720 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2720 3 is be VBZ 39142 2720 4 never never RB 39142 2720 5 visible visible JJ 39142 2720 6 from from IN 39142 2720 7 this this DT 39142 2720 8 part part NN 39142 2720 9 of of IN 39142 2720 10 the the DT 39142 2720 11 world world NN 39142 2720 12 , , , 39142 2720 13 being be VBG 39142 2720 14 in in IN 39142 2720 15 60 60 CD 39142 2720 16 degrees degree NNS 39142 2720 17 of of IN 39142 2720 18 south south JJ 39142 2720 19 declination declination NN 39142 2720 20 : : : 39142 2720 21 one one PRP 39142 2720 22 might may MD 39142 2720 23 just just RB 39142 2720 24 glimpse glimpse VB 39142 2720 25 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2720 26 near near IN 39142 2720 27 the the DT 39142 2720 28 southern southern JJ 39142 2720 29 horizon horizon NN 39142 2720 30 from from IN 39142 2720 31 Key Key NNP 39142 2720 32 West West NNP 39142 2720 33 . . . 39142 2721 1 How how WRB 39142 2721 2 the the DT 39142 2721 3 distances distance NNS 39142 2721 4 of of IN 39142 2721 5 the the DT 39142 2721 6 stars star NNS 39142 2721 7 are be VBP 39142 2721 8 found find VBN 39142 2721 9 is be VBZ 39142 2721 10 not not RB 39142 2721 11 difficult difficult JJ 39142 2721 12 to to TO 39142 2721 13 explain explain VB 39142 2721 14 , , , 39142 2721 15 although although IN 39142 2721 16 the the DT 39142 2721 17 method method NN 39142 2721 18 of of IN 39142 2721 19 doing do VBG 39142 2721 20 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2721 21 involves involve VBZ 39142 2721 22 a a DT 39142 2721 23 good good JJ 39142 2721 24 deal deal NN 39142 2721 25 of of IN 39142 2721 26 complication complication NN 39142 2721 27 , , , 39142 2721 28 interesting interesting JJ 39142 2721 29 to to IN 39142 2721 30 the the DT 39142 2721 31 practical practical JJ 39142 2721 32 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 2721 33 only only RB 39142 2721 34 . . . 39142 2722 1 Recall recall VB 39142 2722 2 the the DT 39142 2722 3 method method NN 39142 2722 4 of of IN 39142 2722 5 getting get VBG 39142 2722 6 the the DT 39142 2722 7 moon moon NN 39142 2722 8 's 's POS 39142 2722 9 distance distance NN 39142 2722 10 from from IN 39142 2722 11 the the DT 39142 2722 12 earth earth NN 39142 2722 13 : : : 39142 2722 14 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2722 15 was be VBD 39142 2722 16 done do VBN 39142 2722 17 by by IN 39142 2722 18 measuring measure VBG 39142 2722 19 her -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2722 20 displacement displacement NN 39142 2722 21 among among IN 39142 2722 22 the the DT 39142 2722 23 stars star NNS 39142 2722 24 as as IN 39142 2722 25 seen see VBN 39142 2722 26 from from IN 39142 2722 27 two two CD 39142 2722 28 widely widely RB 39142 2722 29 separated separate VBN 39142 2722 30 observatories observatory NNS 39142 2722 31 , , , 39142 2722 32 as as IN 39142 2722 33 near near IN 39142 2722 34 the the DT 39142 2722 35 ends end NNS 39142 2722 36 of of IN 39142 2722 37 a a DT 39142 2722 38 diameter diameter NN 39142 2722 39 of of IN 39142 2722 40 the the DT 39142 2722 41 earth earth NN 39142 2722 42 as as RB 39142 2722 43 convenient convenient JJ 39142 2722 44 . . . 39142 2723 1 This this DT 39142 2723 2 is be VBZ 39142 2723 3 the the DT 39142 2723 4 base base NN 39142 2723 5 line line NN 39142 2723 6 , , , 39142 2723 7 and and CC 39142 2723 8 the the DT 39142 2723 9 angle angle NN 39142 2723 10 which which WDT 39142 2723 11 a a DT 39142 2723 12 radius radius NN 39142 2723 13 of of IN 39142 2723 14 the the DT 39142 2723 15 earth earth NN 39142 2723 16 as as IN 39142 2723 17 seen see VBN 39142 2723 18 from from IN 39142 2723 19 the the DT 39142 2723 20 center center NN 39142 2723 21 of of IN 39142 2723 22 the the DT 39142 2723 23 moon moon NN 39142 2723 24 fills fill VBZ 39142 2723 25 , , , 39142 2723 26 or or CC 39142 2723 27 subtends subtend NNS 39142 2723 28 , , , 39142 2723 29 is be VBZ 39142 2723 30 the the DT 39142 2723 31 moon moon NN 39142 2723 32 's 's POS 39142 2723 33 parallax parallax NN 39142 2723 34 . . . 39142 2724 1 So so CC 39142 2724 2 near near RB 39142 2724 3 is be VBZ 39142 2724 4 the the DT 39142 2724 5 moon moon NN 39142 2724 6 that that IN 39142 2724 7 this this DT 39142 2724 8 angle angle NN 39142 2724 9 is be VBZ 39142 2724 10 almost almost RB 39142 2724 11 an an DT 39142 2724 12 entire entire JJ 39142 2724 13 degree degree NN 39142 2724 14 , , , 39142 2724 15 and and CC 39142 2724 16 therefore therefore RB 39142 2724 17 not not RB 39142 2724 18 at at RB 39142 2724 19 all all RB 39142 2724 20 difficult difficult JJ 39142 2724 21 to to TO 39142 2724 22 measure measure VB 39142 2724 23 . . . 39142 2725 1 But but CC 39142 2725 2 if if IN 39142 2725 3 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2725 4 go go VBP 39142 2725 5 to to IN 39142 2725 6 the the DT 39142 2725 7 distance distance NN 39142 2725 8 of of IN 39142 2725 9 even even RB 39142 2725 10 Alpha Alpha NNP 39142 2725 11 Centauri Centauri NNP 39142 2725 12 , , , 39142 2725 13 the the DT 39142 2725 14 nearest near JJS 39142 2725 15 of of IN 39142 2725 16 the the DT 39142 2725 17 stars star NNS 39142 2725 18 , , , 39142 2725 19 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2725 20 earth earth NN 39142 2725 21 shrinks shrink NNS 39142 2725 22 to to IN 39142 2725 23 invisibility invisibility NN 39142 2725 24 ; ; : 39142 2725 25 so so IN 39142 2725 26 that that IN 39142 2725 27 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2725 28 must must MD 39142 2725 29 seek seek VB 39142 2725 30 a a DT 39142 2725 31 longer long JJR 39142 2725 32 base base NN 39142 2725 33 line line NN 39142 2725 34 . . . 39142 2726 1 Fortunately fortunately RB 39142 2726 2 there there EX 39142 2726 3 is be VBZ 39142 2726 4 one one CD 39142 2726 5 , , , 39142 2726 6 but but CC 39142 2726 7 although although IN 39142 2726 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2726 9 length length NN 39142 2726 10 is be VBZ 39142 2726 11 25,000 25,000 CD 39142 2726 12 times time NNS 39142 2726 13 the the DT 39142 2726 14 earth earth NN 39142 2726 15 's 's POS 39142 2726 16 diameter diameter NN 39142 2726 17 , , , 39142 2726 18 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2726 19 is be VBZ 39142 2726 20 only only RB 39142 2726 21 just just RB 39142 2726 22 long long RB 39142 2726 23 enough enough RB 39142 2726 24 to to TO 39142 2726 25 make make VB 39142 2726 26 the the DT 39142 2726 27 star star NN 39142 2726 28 distances distance NNS 39142 2726 29 measurable measurable JJ 39142 2726 30 . . . 39142 2727 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 2727 2 found find VBD 39142 2727 3 that that IN 39142 2727 4 the the DT 39142 2727 5 sun sun NN 39142 2727 6 's 's POS 39142 2727 7 distance distance NN 39142 2727 8 from from IN 39142 2727 9 the the DT 39142 2727 10 earth earth NN 39142 2727 11 was be VBD 39142 2727 12 93 93 CD 39142 2727 13 million million CD 39142 2727 14 miles mile NNS 39142 2727 15 ; ; : 39142 2727 16 the the DT 39142 2727 17 diameter diameter NN 39142 2727 18 of of IN 39142 2727 19 the the DT 39142 2727 20 earth earth NN 39142 2727 21 's 's POS 39142 2727 22 orbit orbit NN 39142 2727 23 is be VBZ 39142 2727 24 therefore therefore RB 39142 2727 25 double double JJ 39142 2727 26 that that DT 39142 2727 27 amount amount NN 39142 2727 28 . . . 39142 2728 1 Now now RB 39142 2728 2 conceive conceive VB 39142 2728 3 the the DT 39142 2728 4 diameter diameter NN 39142 2728 5 of of IN 39142 2728 6 the the DT 39142 2728 7 earth earth NN 39142 2728 8 replaced replace VBN 39142 2728 9 by by IN 39142 2728 10 the the DT 39142 2728 11 diameter diameter NN 39142 2728 12 of of IN 39142 2728 13 the the DT 39142 2728 14 earth earth NN 39142 2728 15 's 's POS 39142 2728 16 orbit orbit NN 39142 2728 17 : : : 39142 2728 18 by by IN 39142 2728 19 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2728 20 motion motion NN 39142 2728 21 round round IN 39142 2728 22 the the DT 39142 2728 23 sun sun NN 39142 2728 24 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2728 25 are be VBP 39142 2728 26 transported transport VBN 39142 2728 27 from from IN 39142 2728 28 one one CD 39142 2728 29 extremity extremity NN 39142 2728 30 of of IN 39142 2728 31 this this DT 39142 2728 32 diameter diameter NN 39142 2728 33 to to IN 39142 2728 34 the the DT 39142 2728 35 opposite opposite JJ 39142 2728 36 one one CD 39142 2728 37 in in IN 39142 2728 38 six six CD 39142 2728 39 month month NN 39142 2728 40 's 's POS 39142 2728 41 time time NN 39142 2728 42 ; ; : 39142 2728 43 so so CC 39142 2728 44 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2728 45 may may MD 39142 2728 46 measure measure VB 39142 2728 47 the the DT 39142 2728 48 displacement displacement NN 39142 2728 49 of of IN 39142 2728 50 a a DT 39142 2728 51 star star NN 39142 2728 52 from from IN 39142 2728 53 these these DT 39142 2728 54 two two CD 39142 2728 55 extremities extremity NNS 39142 2728 56 , , , 39142 2728 57 and and CC 39142 2728 58 half half PDT 39142 2728 59 this this DT 39142 2728 60 displacement displacement NN 39142 2728 61 will will MD 39142 2728 62 be be VB 39142 2728 63 the the DT 39142 2728 64 star star NN 39142 2728 65 's 's POS 39142 2728 66 parallax parallax NN 39142 2728 67 , , , 39142 2728 68 often often RB 39142 2728 69 called call VBD 39142 2728 70 the the DT 39142 2728 71 annual annual JJ 39142 2728 72 parallax parallax NN 39142 2728 73 because because IN 39142 2728 74 a a DT 39142 2728 75 year year NN 39142 2728 76 is be VBZ 39142 2728 77 consumed consume VBN 39142 2728 78 in in IN 39142 2728 79 traversing traverse VBG 39142 2728 80 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2728 81 period period NN 39142 2728 82 . . . 39142 2729 1 And and CC 39142 2729 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2729 3 is be VBZ 39142 2729 4 this this DT 39142 2729 5 very very RB 39142 2729 6 minute minute JJ 39142 2729 7 angle angle NN 39142 2729 8 which which WDT 39142 2729 9 Bessel Bessel NNP 39142 2729 10 and and CC 39142 2729 11 Struve Struve NNP 39142 2729 12 were be VBD 39142 2729 13 the the DT 39142 2729 14 first first JJ 39142 2729 15 to to TO 39142 2729 16 measure measure VB 39142 2729 17 with with IN 39142 2729 18 certainty certainty NN 39142 2729 19 , , , 39142 2729 20 and and CC 39142 2729 21 which which WDT 39142 2729 22 Henderson Henderson NNP 39142 2729 23 found find VBD 39142 2729 24 to to TO 39142 2729 25 be be VB 39142 2729 26 in in IN 39142 2729 27 the the DT 39142 2729 28 case case NN 39142 2729 29 of of IN 39142 2729 30 Alpha Alpha NNP 39142 2729 31 Centauri Centauri NNP 39142 2729 32 the the DT 39142 2729 33 largest large JJS 39142 2729 34 yet yet RB 39142 2729 35 known know VBN 39142 2729 36 . . . 39142 2730 1 Evidently evidently RB 39142 2730 2 the the DT 39142 2730 3 earth earth NN 39142 2730 4 by by IN 39142 2730 5 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2730 6 motion motion NN 39142 2730 7 round round IN 39142 2730 8 the the DT 39142 2730 9 sun sun NN 39142 2730 10 makes make VBZ 39142 2730 11 every every DT 39142 2730 12 star star NN 39142 2730 13 describe describe VB 39142 2730 14 , , , 39142 2730 15 a a DT 39142 2730 16 little little JJ 39142 2730 17 parallactic parallactic JJ 39142 2730 18 ellipse ellipse NN 39142 2730 19 ; ; : 39142 2730 20 the the DT 39142 2730 21 nearer nearer NN 39142 2730 22 the the DT 39142 2730 23 star star NN 39142 2730 24 is be VBZ 39142 2730 25 the the DT 39142 2730 26 larger large JJR 39142 2730 27 this this DT 39142 2730 28 ellipse ellipse NN 39142 2730 29 will will MD 39142 2730 30 be be VB 39142 2730 31 , , , 39142 2730 32 and and CC 39142 2730 33 the the DT 39142 2730 34 farther far RBR 39142 2730 35 the the DT 39142 2730 36 star star NN 39142 2730 37 the the DT 39142 2730 38 smaller small JJR 39142 2730 39 : : : 39142 2730 40 if if IN 39142 2730 41 the the DT 39142 2730 42 star star NN 39142 2730 43 were be VBD 39142 2730 44 at at IN 39142 2730 45 an an DT 39142 2730 46 infinite infinite JJ 39142 2730 47 distance distance NN 39142 2730 48 , , , 39142 2730 49 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2730 50 ellipse ellipse NN 39142 2730 51 would would MD 39142 2730 52 become become VB 39142 2730 53 a a DT 39142 2730 54 point point NN 39142 2730 55 , , , 39142 2730 56 that that RB 39142 2730 57 is is RB 39142 2730 58 , , , 39142 2730 59 if if IN 39142 2730 60 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2730 61 imagine imagine VBP 39142 2730 62 ourselves -PRON- PRP 39142 2730 63 occupying occupy VBG 39142 2730 64 the the DT 39142 2730 65 position position NN 39142 2730 66 of of IN 39142 2730 67 the the DT 39142 2730 68 star star NN 39142 2730 69 , , , 39142 2730 70 even even RB 39142 2730 71 the the DT 39142 2730 72 vast vast JJ 39142 2730 73 orbit orbit NN 39142 2730 74 of of IN 39142 2730 75 the the DT 39142 2730 76 earth earth NN 39142 2730 77 , , , 39142 2730 78 186 186 CD 39142 2730 79 million million CD 39142 2730 80 miles mile NNS 39142 2730 81 across across RB 39142 2730 82 , , , 39142 2730 83 would would MD 39142 2730 84 shrink shrink VB 39142 2730 85 to to IN 39142 2730 86 invisibility invisibility NN 39142 2730 87 or or CC 39142 2730 88 become become VB 39142 2730 89 a a DT 39142 2730 90 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 2730 91 point point NN 39142 2730 92 . . . 39142 2731 1 Measurement Measurement NNP 39142 2731 2 of of IN 39142 2731 3 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2731 4 parallax parallax NN 39142 2731 5 is be VBZ 39142 2731 6 one one CD 39142 2731 7 of of IN 39142 2731 8 many many JJ 39142 2731 9 problems problem NNS 39142 2731 10 of of IN 39142 2731 11 exceeding exceed VBG 39142 2731 12 difficulty difficulty NN 39142 2731 13 that that WDT 39142 2731 14 confront confront VBP 39142 2731 15 the the DT 39142 2731 16 practical practical JJ 39142 2731 17 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 2731 18 . . . 39142 2732 1 But but CC 39142 2732 2 the the DT 39142 2732 3 actual actual JJ 39142 2732 4 research research NN 39142 2732 5 nowadays nowadays RB 39142 2732 6 is be VBZ 39142 2732 7 greatly greatly RB 39142 2732 8 simplified simplify VBN 39142 2732 9 by by IN 39142 2732 10 photography photography NN 39142 2732 11 , , , 39142 2732 12 which which WDT 39142 2732 13 enables enable VBZ 39142 2732 14 the the DT 39142 2732 15 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 2732 16 to to TO 39142 2732 17 select select VB 39142 2732 18 times time NNS 39142 2732 19 when when WRB 39142 2732 20 the the DT 39142 2732 21 air air NN 39142 2732 22 is be VBZ 39142 2732 23 not not RB 39142 2732 24 only only RB 39142 2732 25 clear clear JJ 39142 2732 26 , , , 39142 2732 27 but but CC 39142 2732 28 very very RB 39142 2732 29 steady steady JJ 39142 2732 30 for for IN 39142 2732 31 making make VBG 39142 2732 32 the the DT 39142 2732 33 exposures exposure NNS 39142 2732 34 . . . 39142 2733 1 Development development NN 39142 2733 2 and and CC 39142 2733 3 measurement measurement NN 39142 2733 4 of of IN 39142 2733 5 the the DT 39142 2733 6 plates plate NNS 39142 2733 7 can can MD 39142 2733 8 then then RB 39142 2733 9 be be VB 39142 2733 10 done do VBN 39142 2733 11 at at IN 39142 2733 12 any any DT 39142 2733 13 time time NN 39142 2733 14 . . . 39142 2734 1 Pritchard Pritchard NNP 39142 2734 2 of of IN 39142 2734 3 Oxford Oxford NNP 39142 2734 4 , , , 39142 2734 5 England England NNP 39142 2734 6 , , , 39142 2734 7 was be VBD 39142 2734 8 among among IN 39142 2734 9 the the DT 39142 2734 10 earliest early JJS 39142 2734 11 to to TO 39142 2734 12 appreciate appreciate VB 39142 2734 13 the the DT 39142 2734 14 advantages advantage NNS 39142 2734 15 of of IN 39142 2734 16 photography photography NN 39142 2734 17 in in IN 39142 2734 18 parallax parallax NN 39142 2734 19 work work NN 39142 2734 20 , , , 39142 2734 21 and and CC 39142 2734 22 Schlesinger Schlesinger NNP 39142 2734 23 , , , 39142 2734 24 Mitchell Mitchell NNP 39142 2734 25 , , , 39142 2734 26 Miller Miller NNP 39142 2734 27 , , , 39142 2734 28 Slocum Slocum NNP 39142 2734 29 and and CC 39142 2734 30 Van Van NNP 39142 2734 31 Maanen Maanen NNP 39142 2734 32 , , , 39142 2734 33 with with IN 39142 2734 34 many many JJ 39142 2734 35 others other NNS 39142 2734 36 in in IN 39142 2734 37 this this DT 39142 2734 38 country country NN 39142 2734 39 , , , 39142 2734 40 have have VBP 39142 2734 41 zealously zealously RB 39142 2734 42 prosecuted prosecute VBN 39142 2734 43 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2734 44 . . . 39142 2735 1 How how WRB 39142 2735 2 shall shall MD 39142 2735 3 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2735 4 intelligently intelligently RB 39142 2735 5 express express VB 39142 2735 6 the the DT 39142 2735 7 vast vast JJ 39142 2735 8 distances distance NNS 39142 2735 9 at at IN 39142 2735 10 which which WDT 39142 2735 11 the the DT 39142 2735 12 stars star NNS 39142 2735 13 are be VBP 39142 2735 14 removed remove VBN 39142 2735 15 from from IN 39142 2735 16 us -PRON- PRP 39142 2735 17 ? ? . 39142 2736 1 Of of RB 39142 2736 2 course course RB 39142 2736 3 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2736 4 can can MD 39142 2736 5 use use VB 39142 2736 6 miles mile NNS 39142 2736 7 , , , 39142 2736 8 and and CC 39142 2736 9 pile pile VB 39142 2736 10 up up RP 39142 2736 11 the the DT 39142 2736 12 millions million NNS 39142 2736 13 upon upon IN 39142 2736 14 millions million NNS 39142 2736 15 by by IN 39142 2736 16 adding add VBG 39142 2736 17 on on IN 39142 2736 18 ciphers cipher NNS 39142 2736 19 , , , 39142 2736 20 but but CC 39142 2736 21 that that DT 39142 2736 22 fails fail VBZ 39142 2736 23 to to TO 39142 2736 24 give give VB 39142 2736 25 much much JJ 39142 2736 26 notion notion NN 39142 2736 27 of of IN 39142 2736 28 the the DT 39142 2736 29 star star NN 39142 2736 30 's 's POS 39142 2736 31 distance distance NN 39142 2736 32 . . . 39142 2737 1 Let let VB 39142 2737 2 us -PRON- PRP 39142 2737 3 try try VB 39142 2737 4 with with IN 39142 2737 5 Alpha Alpha NNP 39142 2737 6 Centauri Centauri NNP 39142 2737 7 : : : 39142 2737 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2737 9 parallax parallax NN 39142 2737 10 of of IN 39142 2737 11 0".75 0".75 CD 39142 2737 12 means mean NNS 39142 2737 13 that that IN 39142 2737 14 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2737 15 is be VBZ 39142 2737 16 275,000 275,000 CD 39142 2737 17 times time NNS 39142 2737 18 farther farther RB 39142 2737 19 from from IN 39142 2737 20 the the DT 39142 2737 21 sun sun NN 39142 2737 22 than than IN 39142 2737 23 the the DT 39142 2737 24 earth earth NN 39142 2737 25 is be VBZ 39142 2737 26 . . . 39142 2738 1 Multiplying multiply VBG 39142 2738 2 this this DT 39142 2738 3 out out RP 39142 2738 4 , , , 39142 2738 5 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2738 6 get get VBP 39142 2738 7 25 25 CD 39142 2738 8 trillion trillion CD 39142 2738 9 miles mile NNS 39142 2738 10 , , , 39142 2738 11 that that RB 39142 2738 12 is is RB 39142 2738 13 , , , 39142 2738 14 25 25 CD 39142 2738 15 millions million NNS 39142 2738 16 of of IN 39142 2738 17 million million CD 39142 2738 18 miles mile NNS 39142 2738 19 -- -- : 39142 2738 20 an an DT 39142 2738 21 inconceivable inconceivable JJ 39142 2738 22 number number NN 39142 2738 23 , , , 39142 2738 24 and and CC 39142 2738 25 an an DT 39142 2738 26 unthinkable unthinkable JJ 39142 2738 27 distance distance NN 39142 2738 28 . . . 39142 2739 1 Suppose suppose VB 39142 2739 2 the the DT 39142 2739 3 entire entire JJ 39142 2739 4 solar solar JJ 39142 2739 5 system system NN 39142 2739 6 to to TO 39142 2739 7 shrink shrink VB 39142 2739 8 so so IN 39142 2739 9 that that IN 39142 2739 10 the the DT 39142 2739 11 orbit orbit NN 39142 2739 12 of of IN 39142 2739 13 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 2739 14 , , , 39142 2739 15 sixty sixty CD 39142 2739 16 times time NNS 39142 2739 17 93 93 CD 39142 2739 18 million million CD 39142 2739 19 miles mile NNS 39142 2739 20 in in IN 39142 2739 21 diameter diameter NN 39142 2739 22 , , , 39142 2739 23 would would MD 39142 2739 24 be be VB 39142 2739 25 a a DT 39142 2739 26 circle circle NN 39142 2739 27 the the DT 39142 2739 28 size size NN 39142 2739 29 of of IN 39142 2739 30 the the DT 39142 2739 31 dot dot NN 39142 2739 32 over over IN 39142 2739 33 this this DT 39142 2739 34 letter letter NN 39142 2739 35 i. i. NN 39142 2740 1 On on IN 39142 2740 2 the the DT 39142 2740 3 same same JJ 39142 2740 4 scale scale NN 39142 2740 5 the the DT 39142 2740 6 sun sun NN 39142 2740 7 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 2740 8 , , , 39142 2740 9 although although IN 39142 2740 10 nearly nearly RB 39142 2740 11 a a DT 39142 2740 12 million million CD 39142 2740 13 miles mile NNS 39142 2740 14 in in IN 39142 2740 15 diameter diameter NN 39142 2740 16 , , , 39142 2740 17 could could MD 39142 2740 18 not not RB 39142 2740 19 be be VB 39142 2740 20 seen see VBN 39142 2740 21 with with IN 39142 2740 22 the the DT 39142 2740 23 most most RBS 39142 2740 24 powerful powerful JJ 39142 2740 25 microscope microscope NN 39142 2740 26 in in IN 39142 2740 27 existence existence NN 39142 2740 28 ; ; , 39142 2740 29 and and CC 39142 2740 30 on on IN 39142 2740 31 the the DT 39142 2740 32 same same JJ 39142 2740 33 scale scale NN 39142 2740 34 also also RB 39142 2740 35 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2740 36 should should MD 39142 2740 37 have have VB 39142 2740 38 to to TO 39142 2740 39 have have VB 39142 2740 40 a a DT 39142 2740 41 circle circle NN 39142 2740 42 ten ten CD 39142 2740 43 feet foot NNS 39142 2740 44 in in IN 39142 2740 45 diameter diameter NN 39142 2740 46 , , , 39142 2740 47 if if IN 39142 2740 48 the the DT 39142 2740 49 solar solar JJ 39142 2740 50 system system NN 39142 2740 51 were be VBD 39142 2740 52 imagined imagine VBN 39142 2740 53 at at IN 39142 2740 54 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2740 55 center center NN 39142 2740 56 and and CC 39142 2740 57 Alpha Alpha NNP 39142 2740 58 Centauri Centauri NNP 39142 2740 59 in in IN 39142 2740 60 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2740 61 circumference circumference NN 39142 2740 62 . . . 39142 2741 1 So so IN 39142 2741 2 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2741 3 do do VBP 39142 2741 4 not not RB 39142 2741 5 often often RB 39142 2741 6 use use VB 39142 2741 7 the the DT 39142 2741 8 mile mile NN 39142 2741 9 as as IN 39142 2741 10 a a DT 39142 2741 11 yardstick yardstick NN 39142 2741 12 of of IN 39142 2741 13 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2741 14 distance distance NN 39142 2741 15 , , , 39142 2741 16 any any DT 39142 2741 17 more more JJR 39142 2741 18 than than IN 39142 2741 19 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2741 20 state state VBP 39142 2741 21 the the DT 39142 2741 22 distance distance NN 39142 2741 23 from from IN 39142 2741 24 London London NNP 39142 2741 25 to to IN 39142 2741 26 San San NNP 39142 2741 27 Francisco Francisco NNP 39142 2741 28 in in IN 39142 2741 29 feet foot NNS 39142 2741 30 or or CC 39142 2741 31 inches inch NNS 39142 2741 32 . . . 39142 2742 1 By by IN 39142 2742 2 convention convention NN 39142 2742 3 of of IN 39142 2742 4 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2742 5 , , , 39142 2742 6 the the DT 39142 2742 7 average average JJ 39142 2742 8 distance distance NN 39142 2742 9 between between IN 39142 2742 10 the the DT 39142 2742 11 centers center NNS 39142 2742 12 of of IN 39142 2742 13 sun sun NN 39142 2742 14 and and CC 39142 2742 15 earth earth NN 39142 2742 16 , , , 39142 2742 17 or or CC 39142 2742 18 93 93 CD 39142 2742 19 million million CD 39142 2742 20 miles mile NNS 39142 2742 21 , , , 39142 2742 22 is be VBZ 39142 2742 23 the the DT 39142 2742 24 accepted accepted JJ 39142 2742 25 unit unit NN 39142 2742 26 of of IN 39142 2742 27 measure measure NN 39142 2742 28 in in IN 39142 2742 29 the the DT 39142 2742 30 solar solar JJ 39142 2742 31 system system NN 39142 2742 32 . . . 39142 2743 1 So so RB 39142 2743 2 the the DT 39142 2743 3 adopted adopt VBN 39142 2743 4 unit unit NN 39142 2743 5 of of IN 39142 2743 6 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2743 7 distance distance NN 39142 2743 8 is be VBZ 39142 2743 9 the the DT 39142 2743 10 distance distance NN 39142 2743 11 traveled travel VBN 39142 2743 12 by by IN 39142 2743 13 a a DT 39142 2743 14 wave wave NN 39142 2743 15 of of IN 39142 2743 16 light light NN 39142 2743 17 in in IN 39142 2743 18 a a DT 39142 2743 19 year year NN 39142 2743 20 's 's POS 39142 2743 21 time time NN 39142 2743 22 : : : 39142 2743 23 and and CC 39142 2743 24 this this DT 39142 2743 25 unit unit NN 39142 2743 26 is be VBZ 39142 2743 27 technically technically RB 39142 2743 28 called call VBN 39142 2743 29 the the DT 39142 2743 30 light light NN 39142 2743 31 - - HYPH 39142 2743 32 year year NN 39142 2743 33 . . . 39142 2744 1 This this DT 39142 2744 2 unit unit NN 39142 2744 3 of of IN 39142 2744 4 distance distance NN 39142 2744 5 , , , 39142 2744 6 or or CC 39142 2744 7 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2744 8 yardstick yardstick NN 39142 2744 9 , , , 39142 2744 10 as as IN 39142 2744 11 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2744 12 may may MD 39142 2744 13 call call VB 39142 2744 14 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2744 15 , , , 39142 2744 16 is be VBZ 39142 2744 17 nearly nearly RB 39142 2744 18 6 6 CD 39142 2744 19 millions million NNS 39142 2744 20 of of IN 39142 2744 21 million million CD 39142 2744 22 miles mile NNS 39142 2744 23 in in IN 39142 2744 24 length length NN 39142 2744 25 . . . 39142 2745 1 Alpha Alpha NNP 39142 2745 2 Centauri Centauri NNP 39142 2745 3 , , , 39142 2745 4 then then RB 39142 2745 5 , , , 39142 2745 6 is be VBZ 39142 2745 7 four four CD 39142 2745 8 and and CC 39142 2745 9 one one CD 39142 2745 10 - - HYPH 39142 2745 11 third third JJ 39142 2745 12 light light NN 39142 2745 13 - - HYPH 39142 2745 14 years year NNS 39142 2745 15 distant distant JJ 39142 2745 16 , , , 39142 2745 17 and and CC 39142 2745 18 61 61 CD 39142 2745 19 Cygni Cygni NNP 39142 2745 20 seven seven CD 39142 2745 21 and and CC 39142 2745 22 one one CD 39142 2745 23 - - HYPH 39142 2745 24 fifth fifth JJ 39142 2745 25 light light NN 39142 2745 26 - - HYPH 39142 2745 27 years year NNS 39142 2745 28 away away RB 39142 2745 29 . . . 39142 2746 1 For for IN 39142 2746 2 convenience convenience NN 39142 2746 3 in in IN 39142 2746 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2746 5 calculations calculation NNS 39142 2746 6 most most JJS 39142 2746 7 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2746 8 now now RB 39142 2746 9 use use VBP 39142 2746 10 a a DT 39142 2746 11 longer long JJR 39142 2746 12 unit unit NN 39142 2746 13 called call VBN 39142 2746 14 the the DT 39142 2746 15 parsec parsec NNP 39142 2746 16 , , , 39142 2746 17 first first RB 39142 2746 18 suggested suggest VBN 39142 2746 19 by by IN 39142 2746 20 Turner Turner NNP 39142 2746 21 . . . 39142 2747 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2747 2 length length NN 39142 2747 3 is be VBZ 39142 2747 4 equal equal JJ 39142 2747 5 to to IN 39142 2747 6 the the DT 39142 2747 7 distance distance NN 39142 2747 8 of of IN 39142 2747 9 a a DT 39142 2747 10 star star NN 39142 2747 11 whose whose WP$ 39142 2747 12 parallax parallax NN 39142 2747 13 is be VBZ 39142 2747 14 one one CD 39142 2747 15 second second NN 39142 2747 16 of of IN 39142 2747 17 arc arc NN 39142 2747 18 ; ; : 39142 2747 19 that that RB 39142 2747 20 is is RB 39142 2747 21 , , , 39142 2747 22 one one CD 39142 2747 23 parsec parsec NNP 39142 2747 24 is be VBZ 39142 2747 25 equal equal JJ 39142 2747 26 to to IN 39142 2747 27 about about RB 39142 2747 28 three three CD 39142 2747 29 and and CC 39142 2747 30 a a DT 39142 2747 31 quarter quarter NN 39142 2747 32 light light NN 39142 2747 33 - - HYPH 39142 2747 34 years year NNS 39142 2747 35 . . . 39142 2748 1 Or or CC 39142 2748 2 the the DT 39142 2748 3 light light JJ 39142 2748 4 - - HYPH 39142 2748 5 year year NN 39142 2748 6 is be VBZ 39142 2748 7 equal equal JJ 39142 2748 8 to to IN 39142 2748 9 0.31 0.31 CD 39142 2748 10 parsec parsec NNP 39142 2748 11 . . . 39142 2749 1 Also also RB 39142 2749 2 the the DT 39142 2749 3 parsec parsec NN 39142 2749 4 is be VBZ 39142 2749 5 equal equal JJ 39142 2749 6 to to IN 39142 2749 7 206,000 206,000 CD 39142 2749 8 astronomical astronomical JJ 39142 2749 9 units unit NNS 39142 2749 10 , , , 39142 2749 11 or or CC 39142 2749 12 about about RB 39142 2749 13 19 19 CD 39142 2749 14 millions million NNS 39142 2749 15 of of IN 39142 2749 16 million million CD 39142 2749 17 miles mile NNS 39142 2749 18 . . . 39142 2750 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 2750 2 have have VBP 39142 2750 3 , , , 39142 2750 4 then then RB 39142 2750 5 four four CD 39142 2750 6 distinct distinct JJ 39142 2750 7 methods method NNS 39142 2750 8 of of IN 39142 2750 9 stating state VBG 39142 2750 10 the the DT 39142 2750 11 distance distance NN 39142 2750 12 of of IN 39142 2750 13 a a DT 39142 2750 14 star star NN 39142 2750 15 : : : 39142 2750 16 Sirius sirius NN 39142 2750 17 , , , 39142 2750 18 for for IN 39142 2750 19 example example NN 39142 2750 20 , , , 39142 2750 21 has have VBZ 39142 2750 22 a a DT 39142 2750 23 parallax parallax NN 39142 2750 24 of of IN 39142 2750 25 0".38 0".38 CD 39142 2750 26 or or CC 39142 2750 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2750 28 distance distance NN 39142 2750 29 is be VBZ 39142 2750 30 two two CD 39142 2750 31 and and CC 39142 2750 32 two two CD 39142 2750 33 - - HYPH 39142 2750 34 thirds third NNS 39142 2750 35 parsecs parsecs JJ 39142 2750 36 , , , 39142 2750 37 or or CC 39142 2750 38 eight eight CD 39142 2750 39 and and CC 39142 2750 40 a a DT 39142 2750 41 half half JJ 39142 2750 42 light light NN 39142 2750 43 - - HYPH 39142 2750 44 years year NNS 39142 2750 45 , , , 39142 2750 46 or or CC 39142 2750 47 50 50 CD 39142 2750 48 millions million NNS 39142 2750 49 of of IN 39142 2750 50 million million CD 39142 2750 51 miles mile NNS 39142 2750 52 . . . 39142 2751 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 2751 2 is be VBZ 39142 2751 3 the the DT 39142 2751 4 angle angle NN 39142 2751 5 of of IN 39142 2751 6 parallax parallax NN 39142 2751 7 which which WDT 39142 2751 8 is be VBZ 39142 2751 9 always always RB 39142 2751 10 found find VBN 39142 2751 11 first first RB 39142 2751 12 by by IN 39142 2751 13 actual actual JJ 39142 2751 14 measurement measurement NN 39142 2751 15 and and CC 39142 2751 16 from from IN 39142 2751 17 this this DT 39142 2751 18 the the DT 39142 2751 19 three three CD 39142 2751 20 other other JJ 39142 2751 21 estimates estimate NNS 39142 2751 22 of of IN 39142 2751 23 distance distance NN 39142 2751 24 are be VBP 39142 2751 25 calculated calculate VBN 39142 2751 26 . . . 39142 2752 1 So so RB 39142 2752 2 difficult difficult JJ 39142 2752 3 and and CC 39142 2752 4 delicate delicate JJ 39142 2752 5 is be VBZ 39142 2752 6 the the DT 39142 2752 7 determination determination NN 39142 2752 8 of of IN 39142 2752 9 a a DT 39142 2752 10 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2752 11 distance distance NN 39142 2752 12 that that WDT 39142 2752 13 only only RB 39142 2752 14 a a DT 39142 2752 15 few few JJ 39142 2752 16 hundred hundred CD 39142 2752 17 parallaxes parallax NNS 39142 2752 18 have have VBP 39142 2752 19 been be VBN 39142 2752 20 ascertained ascertain VBN 39142 2752 21 in in IN 39142 2752 22 the the DT 39142 2752 23 past past JJ 39142 2752 24 century century NN 39142 2752 25 . . . 39142 2753 1 The the DT 39142 2753 2 distance distance NN 39142 2753 3 of of IN 39142 2753 4 the the DT 39142 2753 5 same same JJ 39142 2753 6 star star NN 39142 2753 7 has have VBZ 39142 2753 8 been be VBN 39142 2753 9 many many JJ 39142 2753 10 times time NNS 39142 2753 11 measured measure VBN 39142 2753 12 by by IN 39142 2753 13 different different JJ 39142 2753 14 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2753 15 , , , 39142 2753 16 with with IN 39142 2753 17 much much JJ 39142 2753 18 seeming seeming JJ 39142 2753 19 duplication duplication NN 39142 2753 20 of of IN 39142 2753 21 effort effort NN 39142 2753 22 . . . 39142 2754 1 Comprehensive comprehensive JJ 39142 2754 2 campaigns campaign NNS 39142 2754 3 for for IN 39142 2754 4 determining determine VBG 39142 2754 5 star star NN 39142 2754 6 parallaxes parallax NNS 39142 2754 7 in in IN 39142 2754 8 large large JJ 39142 2754 9 numbers number NNS 39142 2754 10 have have VBP 39142 2754 11 been be VBN 39142 2754 12 undertaken undertake VBN 39142 2754 13 in in IN 39142 2754 14 a a DT 39142 2754 15 few few JJ 39142 2754 16 instances instance NNS 39142 2754 17 , , , 39142 2754 18 particularly particularly RB 39142 2754 19 at at IN 39142 2754 20 the the DT 39142 2754 21 suggestion suggestion NN 39142 2754 22 of of IN 39142 2754 23 Kapteyn Kapteyn NNP 39142 2754 24 , , , 39142 2754 25 the the DT 39142 2754 26 eminent eminent JJ 39142 2754 27 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 2754 28 of of IN 39142 2754 29 Groningen Groningen NNP 39142 2754 30 , , , 39142 2754 31 Holland Holland NNP 39142 2754 32 . . . 39142 2755 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2755 2 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 2755 3 of of IN 39142 2755 4 star star NNP 39142 2755 5 parallaxes parallax NNS 39142 2755 6 is be VBZ 39142 2755 7 the the DT 39142 2755 8 most most RBS 39142 2755 9 complete complete JJ 39142 2755 10 and and CC 39142 2755 11 accurate accurate JJ 39142 2755 12 yet yet CC 39142 2755 13 published publish VBN 39142 2755 14 , , , 39142 2755 15 and and CC 39142 2755 16 is be VBZ 39142 2755 17 the the DT 39142 2755 18 standard standard NN 39142 2755 19 in in IN 39142 2755 20 all all DT 39142 2755 21 statistical statistical JJ 39142 2755 22 investigations investigation NNS 39142 2755 23 of of IN 39142 2755 24 the the DT 39142 2755 25 stars star NNS 39142 2755 26 . . . 39142 2756 1 That that IN 39142 2756 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2756 3 find find VBP 39142 2756 4 relatively relatively RB 39142 2756 5 large large JJ 39142 2756 6 parallaxes parallax NNS 39142 2756 7 for for IN 39142 2756 8 some some DT 39142 2756 9 of of IN 39142 2756 10 the the DT 39142 2756 11 fainter fainter NN 39142 2756 12 stars star NNS 39142 2756 13 , , , 39142 2756 14 and and CC 39142 2756 15 almost almost RB 39142 2756 16 no no DT 39142 2756 17 measurable measurable JJ 39142 2756 18 parallax parallax NN 39142 2756 19 for for IN 39142 2756 20 some some DT 39142 2756 21 of of IN 39142 2756 22 the the DT 39142 2756 23 very very RB 39142 2756 24 bright bright JJ 39142 2756 25 stars star NNS 39142 2756 26 is be VBZ 39142 2756 27 one one CD 39142 2756 28 of of IN 39142 2756 29 the the DT 39142 2756 30 riddles riddle NNS 39142 2756 31 of of IN 39142 2756 32 the the DT 39142 2756 33 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2756 34 universe universe NN 39142 2756 35 . . . 39142 2757 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 2757 2 may may MD 39142 2757 3 instance instance VB 39142 2757 4 Arcturus Arcturus NNP 39142 2757 5 , , , 39142 2757 6 in in IN 39142 2757 7 the the DT 39142 2757 8 northern northern JJ 39142 2757 9 hemisphere hemisphere NN 39142 2757 10 and and CC 39142 2757 11 Canopus Canopus NNP 39142 2757 12 in in IN 39142 2757 13 the the DT 39142 2757 14 southern southern JJ 39142 2757 15 ; ; : 39142 2757 16 the the DT 39142 2757 17 latter latter JJ 39142 2757 18 almost almost RB 39142 2757 19 as as RB 39142 2757 20 bright bright JJ 39142 2757 21 as as IN 39142 2757 22 Sirius Sirius NNP 39142 2757 23 . . . 39142 2758 1 Dr. Dr. NNP 39142 2758 2 Elkin Elkin NNP 39142 2758 3 and and CC 39142 2758 4 the the DT 39142 2758 5 late late JJ 39142 2758 6 Sir Sir NNP 39142 2758 7 David David NNP 39142 2758 8 Gill Gill NNP 39142 2758 9 determined determine VBD 39142 2758 10 exhaustively exhaustively RB 39142 2758 11 the the DT 39142 2758 12 parallax parallax NN 39142 2758 13 of of IN 39142 2758 14 Canopus Canopus NNP 39142 2758 15 , , , 39142 2758 16 and and CC 39142 2758 17 found find VBD 39142 2758 18 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2758 19 very very RB 39142 2758 20 minute minute JJ 39142 2758 21 , , , 39142 2758 22 only only RB 39142 2758 23 0".03 0".03 NN 39142 2758 24 , , , 39142 2758 25 making make VBG 39142 2758 26 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2758 27 distance distance NN 39142 2758 28 in in IN 39142 2758 29 excess excess NN 39142 2758 30 of of IN 39142 2758 31 a a DT 39142 2758 32 hundred hundred CD 39142 2758 33 light light NN 39142 2758 34 - - HYPH 39142 2758 35 years year NNS 39142 2758 36 . . . 39142 2759 1 The the DT 39142 2759 2 stupendous stupendous JJ 39142 2759 3 brilliancy brilliancy NN 39142 2759 4 of of IN 39142 2759 5 this this DT 39142 2759 6 star star NN 39142 2759 7 is be VBZ 39142 2759 8 apparent apparent JJ 39142 2759 9 if if IN 39142 2759 10 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2759 11 remember remember VBP 39142 2759 12 that that IN 39142 2759 13 the the DT 39142 2759 14 intensity intensity NN 39142 2759 15 of of IN 39142 2759 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2759 17 light light NN 39142 2759 18 must must MD 39142 2759 19 vary vary VB 39142 2759 20 inversely inversely RB 39142 2759 21 as as IN 39142 2759 22 the the DT 39142 2759 23 square square NN 39142 2759 24 of of IN 39142 2759 25 the the DT 39142 2759 26 distance distance NN 39142 2759 27 ; ; : 39142 2759 28 so so IN 39142 2759 29 that that IN 39142 2759 30 if if IN 39142 2759 31 Canopus Canopus NNP 39142 2759 32 were be VBD 39142 2759 33 to to TO 39142 2759 34 be be VB 39142 2759 35 brought bring VBN 39142 2759 36 as as RB 39142 2759 37 near near IN 39142 2759 38 us -PRON- PRP 39142 2759 39 as as IN 39142 2759 40 even even RB 39142 2759 41 61 61 CD 39142 2759 42 Cygni Cygni NNP 39142 2759 43 is be VBZ 39142 2759 44 , , , 39142 2759 45 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2759 46 would would MD 39142 2759 47 be be VB 39142 2759 48 a a DT 39142 2759 49 hundredfold hundredfold NN 39142 2759 50 brighter bright JJR 39142 2759 51 than than IN 39142 2759 52 Sirius Sirius NNP 39142 2759 53 , , , 39142 2759 54 the the DT 39142 2759 55 brightest bright JJS 39142 2759 56 of of IN 39142 2759 57 all all PDT 39142 2759 58 the the DT 39142 2759 59 stars star NNS 39142 2759 60 of of IN 39142 2759 61 the the DT 39142 2759 62 firmament firmament NN 39142 2759 63 . . . 39142 2760 1 In in IN 39142 2760 2 researches research NNS 39142 2760 3 upon upon IN 39142 2760 4 the the DT 39142 2760 5 distribution distribution NN 39142 2760 6 of of IN 39142 2760 7 the the DT 39142 2760 8 more more RBR 39142 2760 9 distant distant JJ 39142 2760 10 stars star NNS 39142 2760 11 , , , 39142 2760 12 the the DT 39142 2760 13 method method NN 39142 2760 14 of of IN 39142 2760 15 measuring measure VBG 39142 2760 16 parallaxes parallax NNS 39142 2760 17 of of IN 39142 2760 18 individual individual JJ 39142 2760 19 stars star NNS 39142 2760 20 fails fail VBZ 39142 2760 21 completely completely RB 39142 2760 22 , , , 39142 2760 23 and and CC 39142 2760 24 the the DT 39142 2760 25 secular secular JJ 39142 2760 26 parallax parallax NN 39142 2760 27 , , , 39142 2760 28 or or CC 39142 2760 29 parallactic parallactic JJ 39142 2760 30 motion motion NN 39142 2760 31 of of IN 39142 2760 32 the the DT 39142 2760 33 stars star NNS 39142 2760 34 is be VBZ 39142 2760 35 employed employ VBN 39142 2760 36 instead instead RB 39142 2760 37 . . . 39142 2761 1 By by IN 39142 2761 2 parallactic parallactic JJ 39142 2761 3 motion motion NN 39142 2761 4 is be VBZ 39142 2761 5 meant mean VBN 39142 2761 6 the the DT 39142 2761 7 apparent apparent JJ 39142 2761 8 displacement displacement NN 39142 2761 9 in in IN 39142 2761 10 consequence consequence NN 39142 2761 11 of of IN 39142 2761 12 the the DT 39142 2761 13 solar solar JJ 39142 2761 14 motion motion NN 39142 2761 15 which which WDT 39142 2761 16 is be VBZ 39142 2761 17 now now RB 39142 2761 18 known know VBN 39142 2761 19 with with IN 39142 2761 20 great great JJ 39142 2761 21 accuracy accuracy NN 39142 2761 22 , , , 39142 2761 23 and and CC 39142 2761 24 amounts amount VBZ 39142 2761 25 to to IN 39142 2761 26 19.5 19.5 CD 39142 2761 27 kilometers kilometer NNS 39142 2761 28 per per IN 39142 2761 29 second second NN 39142 2761 30 . . . 39142 2762 1 Even even RB 39142 2762 2 in in IN 39142 2762 3 a a DT 39142 2762 4 single single JJ 39142 2762 5 year year NN 39142 2762 6 , , , 39142 2762 7 then then RB 39142 2762 8 , , , 39142 2762 9 the the DT 39142 2762 10 sun sun NN 39142 2762 11 's 's POS 39142 2762 12 motion motion NN 39142 2762 13 is be VBZ 39142 2762 14 twice twice PDT 39142 2762 15 the the DT 39142 2762 16 diameter diameter NN 39142 2762 17 of of IN 39142 2762 18 the the DT 39142 2762 19 earth earth NN 39142 2762 20 's 's POS 39142 2762 21 orbit orbit NN 39142 2762 22 , , , 39142 2762 23 so so IN 39142 2762 24 that that IN 39142 2762 25 in in IN 39142 2762 26 a a DT 39142 2762 27 hundred hundred CD 39142 2762 28 or or CC 39142 2762 29 more more JJR 39142 2762 30 years year NNS 39142 2762 31 , , , 39142 2762 32 a a DT 39142 2762 33 much much RB 39142 2762 34 longer long JJR 39142 2762 35 base base NN 39142 2762 36 line line NN 39142 2762 37 is be VBZ 39142 2762 38 available available JJ 39142 2762 39 than than IN 39142 2762 40 in in IN 39142 2762 41 the the DT 39142 2762 42 usual usual JJ 39142 2762 43 type type NN 39142 2762 44 of of IN 39142 2762 45 observations observation NNS 39142 2762 46 for for IN 39142 2762 47 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2762 48 parallax parallax NN 39142 2762 49 . . . 39142 2763 1 If if IN 39142 2763 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2763 3 ascertain ascertain VBP 39142 2763 4 the the DT 39142 2763 5 parallactic parallactic JJ 39142 2763 6 motion motion NN 39142 2763 7 of of IN 39142 2763 8 a a DT 39142 2763 9 group group NN 39142 2763 10 of of IN 39142 2763 11 stars star NNS 39142 2763 12 , , , 39142 2763 13 then then RB 39142 2763 14 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2763 15 can can MD 39142 2763 16 find find VB 39142 2763 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2763 18 average average JJ 39142 2763 19 distance distance NN 39142 2763 20 . . . 39142 2764 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 2764 2 is be VBZ 39142 2764 3 found find VBN 39142 2764 4 , , , 39142 2764 5 for for IN 39142 2764 6 example example NN 39142 2764 7 , , , 39142 2764 8 that that IN 39142 2764 9 the the DT 39142 2764 10 mean mean JJ 39142 2764 11 parallax parallax NN 39142 2764 12 of of IN 39142 2764 13 stars star NNS 39142 2764 14 of of IN 39142 2764 15 the the DT 39142 2764 16 sixth sixth JJ 39142 2764 17 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2764 18 is be VBZ 39142 2764 19 0".014 0".014 JJ 39142 2764 20 . . . 39142 2765 1 Also also RB 39142 2765 2 the the DT 39142 2765 3 mean mean JJ 39142 2765 4 distances distance NNS 39142 2765 5 of of IN 39142 2765 6 stars star NNS 39142 2765 7 thrown throw VBN 39142 2765 8 into into IN 39142 2765 9 classes class NNS 39142 2765 10 according accord VBG 39142 2765 11 to to IN 39142 2765 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2765 13 spectral spectral JJ 39142 2765 14 type type NN 39142 2765 15 have have VBP 39142 2765 16 been be VBN 39142 2765 17 investigated investigate VBN 39142 2765 18 by by IN 39142 2765 19 Boss Boss NNP 39142 2765 20 , , , 39142 2765 21 Kapteyn Kapteyn NNP 39142 2765 22 , , , 39142 2765 23 Campbell Campbell NNP 39142 2765 24 and and CC 39142 2765 25 others other NNS 39142 2765 26 . . . 39142 2766 1 The the DT 39142 2766 2 complete complete JJ 39142 2766 3 intermingling intermingling NN 39142 2766 4 of of IN 39142 2766 5 the the DT 39142 2766 6 two two CD 39142 2766 7 great great JJ 39142 2766 8 star star NN 39142 2766 9 streams stream NNS 39142 2766 10 has have VBZ 39142 2766 11 been be VBN 39142 2766 12 proved prove VBN 39142 2766 13 , , , 39142 2766 14 too too RB 39142 2766 15 , , , 39142 2766 16 by by IN 39142 2766 17 using use VBG 39142 2766 18 the the DT 39142 2766 19 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2766 20 of of IN 39142 2766 21 the the DT 39142 2766 22 proper proper JJ 39142 2766 23 motions motion NNS 39142 2766 24 to to TO 39142 2766 25 measure measure VB 39142 2766 26 the the DT 39142 2766 27 average average JJ 39142 2766 28 distances distance NNS 39142 2766 29 of of IN 39142 2766 30 both both DT 39142 2766 31 streams stream NNS 39142 2766 32 . . . 39142 2767 1 These these DT 39142 2767 2 come come VBP 39142 2767 3 out out RP 39142 2767 4 essentially essentially RB 39142 2767 5 the the DT 39142 2767 6 same same JJ 39142 2767 7 , , , 39142 2767 8 so so IN 39142 2767 9 that that IN 39142 2767 10 the the DT 39142 2767 11 streaming streaming NN 39142 2767 12 can can MD 39142 2767 13 not not RB 39142 2767 14 be be VB 39142 2767 15 due due IN 39142 2767 16 to to IN 39142 2767 17 mere mere JJ 39142 2767 18 chance chance NN 39142 2767 19 relation relation NN 39142 2767 20 in in IN 39142 2767 21 the the DT 39142 2767 22 line line NN 39142 2767 23 of of IN 39142 2767 24 sight sight NN 39142 2767 25 . . . 39142 2768 1 Most most RBS 39142 2768 2 unexpected unexpected JJ 39142 2768 3 and and CC 39142 2768 4 highly highly RB 39142 2768 5 important important JJ 39142 2768 6 is be VBZ 39142 2768 7 the the DT 39142 2768 8 discovery discovery NN 39142 2768 9 that that WDT 39142 2768 10 the the DT 39142 2768 11 peculiar peculiar JJ 39142 2768 12 behavior behavior NN 39142 2768 13 of of IN 39142 2768 14 certain certain JJ 39142 2768 15 lines line NNS 39142 2768 16 in in IN 39142 2768 17 the the DT 39142 2768 18 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 2768 19 leads lead VBZ 39142 2768 20 to to IN 39142 2768 21 a a DT 39142 2768 22 fixed fix VBN 39142 2768 23 relation relation NN 39142 2768 24 between between IN 39142 2768 25 a a DT 39142 2768 26 star star NN 39142 2768 27 's 's POS 39142 2768 28 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 2768 29 and and CC 39142 2768 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2768 31 absolute absolute JJ 39142 2768 32 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2768 33 , , , 39142 2768 34 which which WDT 39142 2768 35 provides provide VBZ 39142 2768 36 a a DT 39142 2768 37 new new JJ 39142 2768 38 and and CC 39142 2768 39 very very RB 39142 2768 40 effective effective JJ 39142 2768 41 method method NN 39142 2768 42 of of IN 39142 2768 43 ascertaining ascertain VBG 39142 2768 44 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2768 45 distances distance NNS 39142 2768 46 . . . 39142 2769 1 By by IN 39142 2769 2 absolute absolute JJ 39142 2769 3 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 2769 4 are be VBP 39142 2769 5 meant mean VBN 39142 2769 6 the the DT 39142 2769 7 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 2769 8 the the DT 39142 2769 9 stars star NNS 39142 2769 10 would would MD 39142 2769 11 appear appear VB 39142 2769 12 to to TO 39142 2769 13 have have VB 39142 2769 14 if if IN 39142 2769 15 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2769 16 were be VBD 39142 2769 17 all all RB 39142 2769 18 at at IN 39142 2769 19 the the DT 39142 2769 20 same same JJ 39142 2769 21 standard standard JJ 39142 2769 22 distance distance NN 39142 2769 23 from from IN 39142 2769 24 the the DT 39142 2769 25 earth earth NN 39142 2769 26 . . . 39142 2770 1 Very very RB 39142 2770 2 satisfactory satisfactory JJ 39142 2770 3 estimates estimate NNS 39142 2770 4 of of IN 39142 2770 5 the the DT 39142 2770 6 distance distance NN 39142 2770 7 of of IN 39142 2770 8 exceedingly exceedingly RB 39142 2770 9 remote remote JJ 39142 2770 10 objects object NNS 39142 2770 11 have have VBP 39142 2770 12 been be VBN 39142 2770 13 made make VBN 39142 2770 14 within within IN 39142 2770 15 recent recent JJ 39142 2770 16 years year NNS 39142 2770 17 by by IN 39142 2770 18 this this DT 39142 2770 19 indirect indirect JJ 39142 2770 20 method method NN 39142 2770 21 , , , 39142 2770 22 which which WDT 39142 2770 23 is be VBZ 39142 2770 24 especially especially RB 39142 2770 25 applicable applicable JJ 39142 2770 26 to to IN 39142 2770 27 spiral spiral JJ 39142 2770 28 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 2770 29 and and CC 39142 2770 30 globular globular JJ 39142 2770 31 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2770 32 . . . 39142 2771 1 The the DT 39142 2771 2 absolute absolute JJ 39142 2771 3 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2771 4 of of IN 39142 2771 5 a a DT 39142 2771 6 star star NN 39142 2771 7 is be VBZ 39142 2771 8 inferred infer VBN 39142 2771 9 from from IN 39142 2771 10 the the DT 39142 2771 11 relative relative JJ 39142 2771 12 intensities intensity NNS 39142 2771 13 of of IN 39142 2771 14 certain certain JJ 39142 2771 15 lines line NNS 39142 2771 16 in in IN 39142 2771 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2771 18 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 2771 19 , , , 39142 2771 20 so so IN 39142 2771 21 that that IN 39142 2771 22 the the DT 39142 2771 23 observed observed JJ 39142 2771 24 apparent apparent JJ 39142 2771 25 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2771 26 at at IN 39142 2771 27 once once RB 39142 2771 28 enables enable VBZ 39142 2771 29 us -PRON- PRP 39142 2771 30 to to TO 39142 2771 31 calculate calculate VB 39142 2771 32 the the DT 39142 2771 33 distance distance NN 39142 2771 34 of of IN 39142 2771 35 the the DT 39142 2771 36 star star NN 39142 2771 37 . . . 39142 2772 1 Adams Adams NNP 39142 2772 2 and and CC 39142 2772 3 Joy Joy NNP 39142 2772 4 have have VBP 39142 2772 5 recently recently RB 39142 2772 6 determined determine VBN 39142 2772 7 the the DT 39142 2772 8 luminosities luminosity NNS 39142 2772 9 and and CC 39142 2772 10 parallaxes parallax NNS 39142 2772 11 of of IN 39142 2772 12 500 500 CD 39142 2772 13 stars star NNS 39142 2772 14 by by IN 39142 2772 15 this this DT 39142 2772 16 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 2772 17 method method NN 39142 2772 18 . . . 39142 2773 1 Of of IN 39142 2773 2 these these DT 39142 2773 3 stars star NNS 39142 2773 4 360 360 CD 39142 2773 5 have have VBP 39142 2773 6 had have VBN 39142 2773 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2773 8 parallaxes parallax NNS 39142 2773 9 previously previously RB 39142 2773 10 measured measure VBN 39142 2773 11 ; ; : 39142 2773 12 and and CC 39142 2773 13 the the DT 39142 2773 14 average average JJ 39142 2773 15 difference difference NN 39142 2773 16 between between IN 39142 2773 17 the the DT 39142 2773 18 spectroscopic spectroscopic NN 39142 2773 19 and and CC 39142 2773 20 the the DT 39142 2773 21 trigonometric trigonometric JJ 39142 2773 22 values value NNS 39142 2773 23 of of IN 39142 2773 24 the the DT 39142 2773 25 parallax parallax NN 39142 2773 26 is be VBZ 39142 2773 27 only only RB 39142 2773 28 the the DT 39142 2773 29 very very RB 39142 2773 30 small small JJ 39142 2773 31 angle angle NN 39142 2773 32 0".0037 0".0037 NNP 39142 2773 33 , , , 39142 2773 34 a a DT 39142 2773 35 highly highly RB 39142 2773 36 satisfactory satisfactory JJ 39142 2773 37 verification verification NN 39142 2773 38 . . . 39142 2774 1 An an DT 39142 2774 2 indirect indirect JJ 39142 2774 3 method method NN 39142 2774 4 , , , 39142 2774 5 but but CC 39142 2774 6 a a DT 39142 2774 7 very very RB 39142 2774 8 simple simple JJ 39142 2774 9 one one NN 39142 2774 10 , , , 39142 2774 11 and and CC 39142 2774 12 of of IN 39142 2774 13 the the DT 39142 2774 14 greatest great JJS 39142 2774 15 value value NN 39142 2774 16 because because IN 39142 2774 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2774 18 provides provide VBZ 39142 2774 19 the the DT 39142 2774 20 key key NN 39142 2774 21 to to IN 39142 2774 22 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2774 23 distances distance NNS 39142 2774 24 with with IN 39142 2774 25 the the DT 39142 2774 26 least least JJS 39142 2774 27 possible possible JJ 39142 2774 28 calculation calculation NN 39142 2774 29 , , , 39142 2774 30 and and CC 39142 2774 31 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2774 32 can can MD 39142 2774 33 ascertain ascertain VB 39142 2774 34 also also RB 39142 2774 35 the the DT 39142 2774 36 distances distance NNS 39142 2774 37 of of IN 39142 2774 38 whole whole JJ 39142 2774 39 classes class NNS 39142 2774 40 of of IN 39142 2774 41 stars star NNS 39142 2774 42 too too RB 39142 2774 43 remote remote JJ 39142 2774 44 to to TO 39142 2774 45 be be VB 39142 2774 46 ascertained ascertain VBN 39142 2774 47 in in IN 39142 2774 48 any any DT 39142 2774 49 other other JJ 39142 2774 50 way way NN 39142 2774 51 at at IN 39142 2774 52 present present NN 39142 2774 53 known know VBN 39142 2774 54 . . . 39142 2775 1 The the DT 39142 2775 2 problem problem NN 39142 2775 3 of of IN 39142 2775 4 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 2775 5 determinations determination NNS 39142 2775 6 of of IN 39142 2775 7 luminosity luminosity NN 39142 2775 8 and and CC 39142 2775 9 parallax parallax NN 39142 2775 10 has have VBZ 39142 2775 11 been be VBN 39142 2775 12 investigated investigate VBN 39142 2775 13 at at IN 39142 2775 14 Mount Mount NNP 39142 2775 15 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 2775 16 with with IN 39142 2775 17 great great JJ 39142 2775 18 thoroughness thoroughness NN 39142 2775 19 from from IN 39142 2775 20 all all DT 39142 2775 21 sides side NNS 39142 2775 22 , , , 39142 2775 23 the the DT 39142 2775 24 separate separate JJ 39142 2775 25 investigations investigation NNS 39142 2775 26 checking check VBG 39142 2775 27 each each DT 39142 2775 28 other other JJ 39142 2775 29 . . . 39142 2776 1 A a DT 39142 2776 2 definitive definitive JJ 39142 2776 3 scale scale NN 39142 2776 4 for for IN 39142 2776 5 the the DT 39142 2776 6 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 2776 7 determination determination NN 39142 2776 8 of of IN 39142 2776 9 absolute absolute JJ 39142 2776 10 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 2776 11 has have VBZ 39142 2776 12 now now RB 39142 2776 13 been be VBN 39142 2776 14 established establish VBN 39142 2776 15 , , , 39142 2776 16 and and CC 39142 2776 17 the the DT 39142 2776 18 parallaxes parallax NNS 39142 2776 19 and and CC 39142 2776 20 absolute absolute JJ 39142 2776 21 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 2776 22 have have VBP 39142 2776 23 already already RB 39142 2776 24 been be VBN 39142 2776 25 derived derive VBN 39142 2776 26 for for IN 39142 2776 27 about about RB 39142 2776 28 1,800 1,800 CD 39142 2776 29 stars star NNS 39142 2776 30 . . . 39142 2777 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 2777 2 XLIX XLIX NNP 39142 2777 3 THE the DT 39142 2777 4 NEAREST nearest NN 39142 2777 5 STARS star NNS 39142 2777 6 Of of IN 39142 2777 7 especial especial JJ 39142 2777 8 interest interest NN 39142 2777 9 are be VBP 39142 2777 10 the the DT 39142 2777 11 few few JJ 39142 2777 12 stars star NNS 39142 2777 13 that that WDT 39142 2777 14 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2777 15 know know VBP 39142 2777 16 are be VBP 39142 2777 17 the the DT 39142 2777 18 nearest near JJS 39142 2777 19 to to IN 39142 2777 20 us -PRON- PRP 39142 2777 21 , , , 39142 2777 22 and and CC 39142 2777 23 the the DT 39142 2777 24 following follow VBG 39142 2777 25 table table NN 39142 2777 26 includes include VBZ 39142 2777 27 all all PDT 39142 2777 28 those those DT 39142 2777 29 whose whose WP$ 39142 2777 30 parallax parallax NN 39142 2777 31 is be VBZ 39142 2777 32 0".20 0".20 NNP 39142 2777 33 or or CC 39142 2777 34 greater great JJR 39142 2777 35 . . . 39142 2778 1 There there EX 39142 2778 2 are be VBP 39142 2778 3 nineteen nineteen CD 39142 2778 4 in in IN 39142 2778 5 all all DT 39142 2778 6 and and CC 39142 2778 7 nearly nearly RB 39142 2778 8 half half NN 39142 2778 9 of of IN 39142 2778 10 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2778 11 are be VBP 39142 2778 12 binary binary JJ 39142 2778 13 systems system NNS 39142 2778 14 . . . 39142 2779 1 The the DT 39142 2779 2 radial radial JJ 39142 2779 3 motions motion NNS 39142 2779 4 given give VBN 39142 2779 5 are be VBP 39142 2779 6 relative relative JJ 39142 2779 7 to to IN 39142 2779 8 the the DT 39142 2779 9 sun sun NN 39142 2779 10 . . . 39142 2780 1 The the DT 39142 2780 2 transverse transverse JJ 39142 2780 3 velocities velocity NNS 39142 2780 4 are be VBP 39142 2780 5 formed form VBN 39142 2780 6 by by IN 39142 2780 7 using use VBG 39142 2780 8 the the DT 39142 2780 9 measured measure VBN 39142 2780 10 parallaxes parallax NNS 39142 2780 11 to to TO 39142 2780 12 transform transform VB 39142 2780 13 proper proper JJ 39142 2780 14 motions motion NNS 39142 2780 15 into into IN 39142 2780 16 linear linear JJ 39142 2780 17 measures measure NNS 39142 2780 18 . . . 39142 2781 1 They -PRON- PRP 39142 2781 2 are be VBP 39142 2781 3 given give VBN 39142 2781 4 by by IN 39142 2781 5 Eddington Eddington NNP 39142 2781 6 in in IN 39142 2781 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2781 8 " " `` 39142 2781 9 Stellar Stellar NNP 39142 2781 10 Movements movement NNS 39142 2781 11 " " '' 39142 2781 12 : : : 39142 2781 13 Column Column NNP 39142 2781 14 Key Key NNP 39142 2781 15 = = SYM 39142 2781 16 = = NFP 39142 2781 17 = = SYM 39142 2781 18 = = SYM 39142 2781 19 = = SYM 39142 2781 20 = = SYM 39142 2781 21 = = SYM 39142 2781 22 = = SYM 39142 2781 23 = = SYM 39142 2781 24 = = SYM 39142 2781 25 = = SYM 39142 2781 26 = = SYM 39142 2781 27 = = SYM 39142 2781 28 = = SYM 39142 2781 29 = = SYM 39142 2781 30 = = SYM 39142 2781 31 = = SYM 39142 2781 32 = = SYM 39142 2781 33 = = NFP 39142 2781 34 = = NFP 39142 2781 35 A a NN 39142 2781 36 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2781 37 Magnitude Magnitude NNP 39142 2781 38 B B NNP 39142 2781 39 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2781 40 Parallax Parallax NNP 39142 2781 41 in in IN 39142 2781 42 Seconds Seconds NNPS 39142 2781 43 of of IN 39142 2781 44 Arc Arc NNP 39142 2781 45 C C NNP 39142 2781 46 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2781 47 Proper Proper NNP 39142 2781 48 Motion Motion NNP 39142 2781 49 in in IN 39142 2781 50 Seconds second NNS 39142 2781 51 of of IN 39142 2781 52 Arc arc NN 39142 2781 53 D d NN 39142 2781 54 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2781 55 Linear Linear NNP 39142 2781 56 Velocity velocity NN 39142 2781 57 Km Km NNP 39142 2781 58 . . . 39142 2782 1 per per IN 39142 2782 2 sec sec NNP 39142 2782 3 . . . 39142 2783 1 E e LS 39142 2783 2 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2783 3 Radial radial JJ 39142 2783 4 Velocity velocity NN 39142 2783 5 Km Km NNP 39142 2783 6 . . . 39142 2784 1 per per IN 39142 2784 2 sec sec NNP 39142 2784 3 . . . 39142 2785 1 F F NNP 39142 2785 2 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2785 3 Spectral Spectral NNP 39142 2785 4 Type Type NNP 39142 2785 5 G G NNP 39142 2785 6 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2785 7 Luminosity luminosity NN 39142 2785 8 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2785 9 Sun=1 Sun=1 NNP 39142 2785 10 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2785 11 H H NNP 39142 2785 12 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2785 13 Star Star NNP 39142 2785 14 Stream Stream NNP 39142 2785 15 = = SYM 39142 2785 16 = = NFP 39142 2785 17 = = SYM 39142 2785 18 = = SYM 39142 2785 19 = = SYM 39142 2785 20 = = SYM 39142 2785 21 = = SYM 39142 2785 22 = = SYM 39142 2785 23 = = SYM 39142 2785 24 = = SYM 39142 2785 25 = = SYM 39142 2785 26 = = SYM 39142 2785 27 = = SYM 39142 2785 28 = = SYM 39142 2785 29 = = SYM 39142 2785 30 = = SYM 39142 2785 31 = = SYM 39142 2785 32 = = SYM 39142 2785 33 = = SYM 39142 2785 34 = = SYM 39142 2785 35 = = SYM 39142 2785 36 = = SYM 39142 2785 37 = = SYM 39142 2785 38 = = SYM 39142 2785 39 = = SYM 39142 2785 40 = = SYM 39142 2785 41 = = SYM 39142 2785 42 = = SYM 39142 2785 43 = = SYM 39142 2785 44 = = SYM 39142 2785 45 = = SYM 39142 2785 46 = = SYM 39142 2785 47 = = SYM 39142 2785 48 = = SYM 39142 2785 49 = = SYM 39142 2785 50 = = SYM 39142 2785 51 = = SYM 39142 2785 52 = = SYM 39142 2785 53 = = SYM 39142 2785 54 = = SYM 39142 2785 55 = = SYM 39142 2785 56 = = SYM 39142 2785 57 = = SYM 39142 2785 58 = = SYM 39142 2785 59 = = SYM 39142 2785 60 = = SYM 39142 2785 61 = = SYM 39142 2785 62 = = SYM 39142 2785 63 = = SYM 39142 2785 64 = = SYM 39142 2785 65 = = SYM 39142 2785 66 = = SYM 39142 2785 67 = = SYM 39142 2785 68 = = SYM 39142 2785 69 = = SYM 39142 2785 70 = = SYM 39142 2785 71 = = SYM 39142 2785 72 = = SYM 39142 2785 73 = = SYM 39142 2785 74 = = SYM 39142 2785 75 = = SYM 39142 2785 76 = = SYM 39142 2785 77 = = SYM 39142 2785 78 = = SYM 39142 2785 79 = = SYM 39142 2785 80 = = SYM 39142 2785 81 = = NFP 39142 2785 82 = = SYM 39142 2785 83 Star Star NNP 39142 2785 84 's 's POS 39142 2785 85 Name Name NNP 39142 2785 86 | | NNP 39142 2785 87 A A NNP 39142 2785 88 | | NNP 39142 2785 89 B B NNP 39142 2785 90 | | NNP 39142 2785 91 C C NNP 39142 2785 92 | | NNP 39142 2785 93 D D NNP 39142 2785 94 | | NNP 39142 2785 95 E E NNP 39142 2785 96 | | NNP 39142 2785 97 F F NNP 39142 2785 98 | | NNP 39142 2785 99 G G NNP 39142 2785 100 | | NNP 39142 2785 101 H H NNP 39142 2785 102 ---------------+-----+------+------+-----+-----+------+-------+----- ---------------+-----+------+------+-----+-----+------+-------+----- NFP 39142 2785 103 Groombridge groombridge NN 39142 2785 104 34 34 CD 39142 2785 105 | | CD 39142 2785 106 8.2 8.2 CD 39142 2785 107 | | CD 39142 2785 108 0.28 0.28 CD 39142 2785 109 | | CD 39142 2785 110 2.85 2.85 CD 39142 2785 111 | | CD 39142 2785 112 48 48 CD 39142 2785 113 | | CD 39142 2785 114 .. .. NFP 39142 2785 115 | | NNP 39142 2785 116 Ma Ma NNP 39142 2785 117 | | NNP 39142 2785 118 0.010 0.010 CD 39142 2785 119 | | CD 39142 2785 120 I I NNP 39142 2785 121 Eta Eta NNP 39142 2785 122 Cassiop Cassiop NNP 39142 2785 123 | | POS 39142 2785 124 3.6 3.6 CD 39142 2785 125 | | CD 39142 2785 126 0.20 0.20 CD 39142 2785 127 | | CD 39142 2785 128 1.25 1.25 CD 39142 2785 129 | | CD 39142 2785 130 30 30 CD 39142 2785 131 | | CD 39142 2785 132 +10 +10 CD 39142 2785 133 | | NNP 39142 2785 134 F8 F8 NNP 39142 2785 135 | | CD 39142 2785 136 1.4 1.4 CD 39142 2785 137 | | NNS 39142 2785 138 I -PRON- PRP 39142 2785 139 Tau Tau NNP 39142 2785 140 Ceti Ceti NNP 39142 2785 141 | | NNP 39142 2785 142 3.6 3.6 CD 39142 2785 143 | | CD 39142 2785 144 0.33 0.33 CD 39142 2785 145 | | CD 39142 2785 146 1.93 1.93 CD 39142 2785 147 | | CD 39142 2785 148 28 28 CD 39142 2785 149 | | CD 39142 2785 150 -16 -16 CD 39142 2785 151 | | NNP 39142 2785 152 K K NNP 39142 2785 153 | | NNP 39142 2785 154 0.50 0.50 CD 39142 2785 155 | | CD 39142 2785 156 II II NNP 39142 2785 157 Epsilon Epsilon NNP 39142 2785 158 Erid Erid NNP 39142 2785 159 | | NNP 39142 2785 160 3.3 3.3 CD 39142 2785 161 | | CD 39142 2785 162 0.31 0.31 CD 39142 2785 163 | | CD 39142 2785 164 1.00 1.00 CD 39142 2785 165 | | CD 39142 2785 166 15 15 CD 39142 2785 167 | | CD 39142 2785 168 +16 +16 CD 39142 2785 169 | | NNP 39142 2785 170 K K NNP 39142 2785 171 | | NNP 39142 2785 172 0.79 0.79 CD 39142 2785 173 | | NNP 39142 2785 174 II II NNP 39142 2785 175 CZ CZ NNP 39142 2785 176 5h 5h NNP 39142 2785 177 243 243 CD 39142 2785 178 | | CD 39142 2785 179 8.3 8.3 CD 39142 2785 180 | | CD 39142 2785 181 0.32 0.32 CD 39142 2785 182 | | CD 39142 2785 183 8.70 8.70 CD 39142 2785 184 | | CD 39142 2785 185 129 129 CD 39142 2785 186 |+242 |+242 CD 39142 2785 187 | | NNP 39142 2785 188 G G NNP 39142 2785 189 - - HYPH 39142 2785 190 K K NNP 39142 2785 191 | | NNP 39142 2785 192 0.007 0.007 CD 39142 2785 193 | | CD 39142 2785 194 II II NNP 39142 2785 195 Sirius Sirius NNP 39142 2785 196 |-1.6 |-1.6 NNP 39142 2785 197 | | CD 39142 2785 198 0.38 0.38 CD 39142 2785 199 | | CD 39142 2785 200 1.32 1.32 CD 39142 2785 201 | | CD 39142 2785 202 16 16 CD 39142 2785 203 | | CD 39142 2785 204 -7 -7 : 39142 2785 205 | | NNP 39142 2785 206 A A NNP 39142 2785 207 |48.0 |48.0 CD 39142 2785 208 | | NNP 39142 2785 209 II II NNP 39142 2785 210 Procyon Procyon NNP 39142 2785 211 | | NNP 39142 2785 212 0.5 0.5 CD 39142 2785 213 | | CD 39142 2785 214 0.32 0.32 CD 39142 2785 215 | | CD 39142 2785 216 1.25 1.25 CD 39142 2785 217 | | CD 39142 2785 218 19 19 CD 39142 2785 219 | | NNP 39142 2785 220 -3 -3 NNP 39142 2785 221 | | NNP 39142 2785 222 F5 F5 NNP 39142 2785 223 | | CD 39142 2785 224 9.7 9.7 CD 39142 2785 225 | | CD 39142 2785 226 I -PRON- PRP 39142 2785 227 ? ? . 39142 2786 1 Lal Lal NNP 39142 2786 2 . . . 39142 2787 1 21185 21185 CD 39142 2787 2 | | CD 39142 2787 3 7.6 7.6 CD 39142 2787 4 | | CD 39142 2787 5 0.40 0.40 CD 39142 2787 6 | | CD 39142 2787 7 4.77 4.77 CD 39142 2787 8 | | CD 39142 2787 9 57 57 CD 39142 2787 10 | | CD 39142 2787 11 .. .. NFP 39142 2787 12 | | NNP 39142 2787 13 Ma Ma NNP 39142 2787 14 | | NNP 39142 2787 15 0.009 0.009 CD 39142 2787 16 | | NNP 39142 2787 17 II II NNP 39142 2787 18 Lal Lal NNP 39142 2787 19 . . . 39142 2788 1 21258 21258 CD 39142 2788 2 | | CD 39142 2788 3 8.9 8.9 CD 39142 2788 4 | | CD 39142 2788 5 0.20 0.20 CD 39142 2788 6 | | CD 39142 2788 7 4.46 4.46 CD 39142 2788 8 | | CD 39142 2788 9 106 106 CD 39142 2788 10 | | CD 39142 2788 11 .. .. NFP 39142 2788 12 | | NNP 39142 2788 13 Ma Ma NNP 39142 2788 14 | | CD 39142 2788 15 0.011 0.011 CD 39142 2788 16 | | NNS 39142 2788 17 I -PRON- PRP 39142 2788 18 OA oa VBP 39142 2788 19 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2788 20 N n NN 39142 2788 21 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2788 22 11677 11677 CD 39142 2788 23 | | CD 39142 2788 24 9.2 9.2 CD 39142 2788 25 | | CD 39142 2788 26 0.20 0.20 CD 39142 2788 27 | | CD 39142 2788 28 3.03 3.03 CD 39142 2788 29 | | CD 39142 2788 30 72 72 CD 39142 2788 31 | | CD 39142 2788 32 .. .. NFP 39142 2788 33 | | NNP 39142 2788 34 .. .. NFP 39142 2788 35 | | CD 39142 2788 36 0.008 0.008 CD 39142 2788 37 | | NNS 39142 2788 38 I I NNP 39142 2788 39 Alpha Alpha NNP 39142 2788 40 Centauri Centauri NNP 39142 2788 41 | | NNP 39142 2788 42 0.3 0.3 CD 39142 2788 43 | | CD 39142 2788 44 0.76 0.76 CD 39142 2788 45 | | CD 39142 2788 46 3.66 3.66 CD 39142 2788 47 | | CD 39142 2788 48 23 23 CD 39142 2788 49 | | CD 39142 2788 50 -22 -22 NNP 39142 2788 51 | | NNP 39142 2788 52 G G NNP 39142 2788 53 , , , 39142 2788 54 K5 K5 NNP 39142 2788 55 |{2.0 |{2.0 NNP 39142 2788 56 | | NNP 39142 2788 57 I -PRON- PRP 39142 2788 58 | | CD 39142 2788 59 | | NNP 39142 2788 60 | | CD 39142 2788 61 | | CD 39142 2788 62 | | CD 39142 2788 63 | | NNS 39142 2788 64 |{0.6 |{0.6 NNP 39142 2788 65 | | NNP 39142 2788 66 OA oa NN 39142 2788 67 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2788 68 N n NN 39142 2788 69 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2788 70 17415 17415 CD 39142 2788 71 | | CD 39142 2788 72 9.3 9.3 CD 39142 2788 73 | | CD 39142 2788 74 0.27 0.27 CD 39142 2788 75 | | CD 39142 2788 76 1.31 1.31 CD 39142 2788 77 | | CD 39142 2788 78 23 23 CD 39142 2788 79 | | CD 39142 2788 80 .. .. NFP 39142 2788 81 | | NNP 39142 2788 82 F F NNP 39142 2788 83 | | NNP 39142 2788 84 0.004 0.004 CD 39142 2788 85 | | NNP 39142 2788 86 II II NNP 39142 2788 87 Pos Pos NNP 39142 2788 88 . . . 39142 2789 1 Med Med NNP 39142 2789 2 . . . 39142 2790 1 2164 2164 CD 39142 2790 2 | | CD 39142 2790 3 8.8 8.8 CD 39142 2790 4 | | CD 39142 2790 5 0.29 0.29 CD 39142 2790 6 | | CD 39142 2790 7 2.28 2.28 CD 39142 2790 8 | | CD 39142 2790 9 37 37 CD 39142 2790 10 | | CD 39142 2790 11 .. .. NFP 39142 2790 12 | | NNP 39142 2790 13 K K NNP 39142 2790 14 | | NNP 39142 2790 15 0.006 0.006 CD 39142 2790 16 | | CD 39142 2790 17 I -PRON- PRP 39142 2790 18 Sigma Sigma NNP 39142 2790 19 Draco Draco NNP 39142 2790 20 | | NNP 39142 2790 21 4.8 4.8 CD 39142 2790 22 | | CD 39142 2790 23 0.20 0.20 CD 39142 2790 24 | | CD 39142 2790 25 1.84 1.84 CD 39142 2790 26 | | CD 39142 2790 27 43 43 CD 39142 2790 28 | | CD 39142 2790 29 +25 +25 CD 39142 2790 30 | | NNP 39142 2790 31 K K NNP 39142 2790 32 | | NNP 39142 2790 33 0.5 0.5 CD 39142 2790 34 | | CD 39142 2790 35 II II NNP 39142 2790 36 Alpha Alpha NNP 39142 2790 37 Aquilæ Aquilæ NNP 39142 2790 38 | | NNP 39142 2790 39 0.9 0.9 CD 39142 2790 40 | | CD 39142 2790 41 0.24 0.24 CD 39142 2790 42 | | CD 39142 2790 43 0.65 0.65 CD 39142 2790 44 | | CD 39142 2790 45 13 13 CD 39142 2790 46 | | CD 39142 2790 47 -33 -33 NNP 39142 2790 48 | | NNP 39142 2790 49 A5 a5 NN 39142 2790 50 |12.3 |12.3 CD 39142 2790 51 | | NNP 39142 2790 52 I -PRON- PRP 39142 2790 53 61 61 CD 39142 2790 54 Cygni Cygni NNP 39142 2790 55 | | NNP 39142 2790 56 5.6 5.6 CD 39142 2790 57 | | CD 39142 2790 58 0.31 0.31 CD 39142 2790 59 | | CD 39142 2790 60 5.25 5.25 CD 39142 2790 61 | | CD 39142 2790 62 80 80 CD 39142 2790 63 | | CD 39142 2790 64 -39 -39 CD 39142 2790 65 | | CD 39142 2790 66 K5 K5 NNP 39142 2790 67 | | CD 39142 2790 68 0.10 0.10 CD 39142 2790 69 | | NNP 39142 2790 70 I I NNP 39142 2790 71 Epsilon Epsilon NNP 39142 2790 72 Indi Indi NNP 39142 2790 73 | | NNP 39142 2790 74 4.7 4.7 CD 39142 2790 75 | | CD 39142 2790 76 0.28 0.28 CD 39142 2790 77 | | CD 39142 2790 78 4.67 4.67 CD 39142 2790 79 | | CD 39142 2790 80 79 79 CD 39142 2790 81 | | CD 39142 2790 82 -62 -62 NNP 39142 2790 83 | | HYPH 39142 2790 84 K5 K5 NNP 39142 2790 85 | | CD 39142 2790 86 0.25 0.25 CD 39142 2790 87 | | NNS 39142 2790 88 I I NNP 39142 2790 89 Krüger Krüger NNP 39142 2790 90 60 60 CD 39142 2790 91 | | NNP 39142 2790 92 9.2 9.2 CD 39142 2790 93 | | CD 39142 2790 94 0.26 0.26 CD 39142 2790 95 | | CD 39142 2790 96 0.92 0.92 CD 39142 2790 97 | | CD 39142 2790 98 17 17 CD 39142 2790 99 | | CD 39142 2790 100 .. .. NFP 39142 2790 101 | | NNP 39142 2790 102 .. .. NFP 39142 2790 103 | | NNP 39142 2790 104 0.005 0.005 CD 39142 2790 105 | | NNS 39142 2790 106 II II NNP 39142 2790 107 Lacaille Lacaille NNP 39142 2790 108 9352 9352 CD 39142 2790 109 | | CD 39142 2790 110 7.4 7.4 CD 39142 2790 111 | | CD 39142 2790 112 0.29 0.29 CD 39142 2790 113 | | CD 39142 2790 114 7.02 7.02 CD 39142 2790 115 | | NNP 39142 2790 116 115 115 CD 39142 2790 117 | | CD 39142 2790 118 +12 +12 CD 39142 2790 119 | | NNP 39142 2790 120 Ma Ma NNP 39142 2790 121 | | NNP 39142 2790 122 0.019 0.019 CD 39142 2790 123 | | NNS 39142 2790 124 I -PRON- PRP 39142 2790 125 -------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------- NFP 39142 2790 126 These these DT 39142 2790 127 stars star NNS 39142 2790 128 are be VBP 39142 2790 129 distant distant JJ 39142 2790 130 less less JJR 39142 2790 131 than than IN 39142 2790 132 five five CD 39142 2790 133 parsecs parsecs NN 39142 2790 134 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2790 135 about about RB 39142 2790 136 16 16 CD 39142 2790 137 light light NN 39142 2790 138 - - HYPH 39142 2790 139 years year NNS 39142 2790 140 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2790 141 from from IN 39142 2790 142 the the DT 39142 2790 143 sun sun NN 39142 2790 144 , , , 39142 2790 145 so so RB 39142 2790 146 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2790 147 make make VBP 39142 2790 148 up up RP 39142 2790 149 the the DT 39142 2790 150 closest close JJS 39142 2790 151 fringe fringe NN 39142 2790 152 of of IN 39142 2790 153 the the DT 39142 2790 154 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2790 155 universe universe NN 39142 2790 156 immediately immediately RB 39142 2790 157 surrounding surround VBG 39142 2790 158 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2790 159 system system NN 39142 2790 160 . . . 39142 2791 1 The the DT 39142 2791 2 large large JJ 39142 2791 3 number number NN 39142 2791 4 of of IN 39142 2791 5 binary binary JJ 39142 2791 6 systems system NNS 39142 2791 7 is be VBZ 39142 2791 8 quite quite RB 39142 2791 9 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 2791 10 . . . 39142 2792 1 Why why WRB 39142 2792 2 some some DT 39142 2792 3 stars star NNS 39142 2792 4 are be VBP 39142 2792 5 single single JJ 39142 2792 6 and and CC 39142 2792 7 others other NNS 39142 2792 8 double double JJ 39142 2792 9 is be VBZ 39142 2792 10 not not RB 39142 2792 11 yet yet RB 39142 2792 12 known know VBN 39142 2792 13 . . . 39142 2793 1 By by IN 39142 2793 2 the the DT 39142 2793 3 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 2793 4 method method NN 39142 2793 5 the the DT 39142 2793 6 proportion proportion NN 39142 2793 7 is be VBZ 39142 2793 8 not not RB 39142 2793 9 so so RB 39142 2793 10 large large JJ 39142 2793 11 ; ; : 39142 2793 12 Campbell Campbell NNP 39142 2793 13 finding find VBG 39142 2793 14 that that IN 39142 2793 15 about about RB 39142 2793 16 one one CD 39142 2793 17 quarter quarter NN 39142 2793 18 of of IN 39142 2793 19 1,600 1,600 CD 39142 2793 20 stars star NNS 39142 2793 21 examined examine VBN 39142 2793 22 are be VBP 39142 2793 23 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 2793 24 binaries binary NNS 39142 2793 25 , , , 39142 2793 26 and and CC 39142 2793 27 Frost frost JJ 39142 2793 28 two two CD 39142 2793 29 - - HYPH 39142 2793 30 fifths fifth NNS 39142 2793 31 to to IN 39142 2793 32 a a DT 39142 2793 33 half half NN 39142 2793 34 . . . 39142 2794 1 The the DT 39142 2794 2 exceptional exceptional JJ 39142 2794 3 number number NN 39142 2794 4 of of IN 39142 2794 5 large large JJ 39142 2794 6 velocities velocity NNS 39142 2794 7 is be VBZ 39142 2794 8 very very RB 39142 2794 9 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 2794 10 ; ; : 39142 2794 11 the the DT 39142 2794 12 average average JJ 39142 2794 13 transverse transverse JJ 39142 2794 14 motion motion NN 39142 2794 15 of of IN 39142 2794 16 the the DT 39142 2794 17 nineteen nineteen CD 39142 2794 18 stars star NNS 39142 2794 19 is be VBZ 39142 2794 20 fifty fifty CD 39142 2794 21 kilometers kilometer NNS 39142 2794 22 per per IN 39142 2794 23 second second NN 39142 2794 24 , , , 39142 2794 25 whereas whereas IN 39142 2794 26 thirty thirty CD 39142 2794 27 is be VBZ 39142 2794 28 about about IN 39142 2794 29 what what WP 39142 2794 30 would would MD 39142 2794 31 have have VB 39142 2794 32 been be VBN 39142 2794 33 expected expect VBN 39142 2794 34 . . . 39142 2795 1 As as IN 39142 2795 2 to to IN 39142 2795 3 star star VB 39142 2795 4 streams stream NNS 39142 2795 5 to to TO 39142 2795 6 which which WDT 39142 2795 7 these these DT 39142 2795 8 nearest near JJS 39142 2795 9 stars star NNS 39142 2795 10 belong belong VBP 39142 2795 11 , , , 39142 2795 12 eleven eleven CD 39142 2795 13 are be VBP 39142 2795 14 in in IN 39142 2795 15 Stream Stream NNP 39142 2795 16 I -PRON- PRP 39142 2795 17 and and CC 39142 2795 18 eight eight CD 39142 2795 19 in in IN 39142 2795 20 Stream Stream NNP 39142 2795 21 II II NNP 39142 2795 22 , , , 39142 2795 23 in in IN 39142 2795 24 close close JJ 39142 2795 25 accord accord NN 39142 2795 26 with with IN 39142 2795 27 the the DT 39142 2795 28 ratio ratio NN 39142 2795 29 3:2 3:2 CD 39142 2795 30 given give VBN 39142 2795 31 by by IN 39142 2795 32 the the DT 39142 2795 33 6,000 6,000 CD 39142 2795 34 stars star NNS 39142 2795 35 of of IN 39142 2795 36 Boss boss NN 39142 2795 37 's 's POS 39142 2795 38 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 2795 39 . . . 39142 2796 1 " " `` 39142 2796 2 We -PRON- PRP 39142 2796 3 are be VBP 39142 2796 4 not not RB 39142 2796 5 able able JJ 39142 2796 6 , , , 39142 2796 7 " " '' 39142 2796 8 says say VBZ 39142 2796 9 Eddington Eddington NNP 39142 2796 10 , , , 39142 2796 11 " " `` 39142 2796 12 to to TO 39142 2796 13 detect detect VB 39142 2796 14 any any DT 39142 2796 15 significant significant JJ 39142 2796 16 difference difference NN 39142 2796 17 between between IN 39142 2796 18 the the DT 39142 2796 19 luminosities luminosity NNS 39142 2796 20 , , , 39142 2796 21 spectra spectra NNP 39142 2796 22 , , , 39142 2796 23 or or CC 39142 2796 24 speeds speed NNS 39142 2796 25 of of IN 39142 2796 26 the the DT 39142 2796 27 stars star NNS 39142 2796 28 constituting constitute VBG 39142 2796 29 the the DT 39142 2796 30 two two CD 39142 2796 31 streams stream NNS 39142 2796 32 . . . 39142 2797 1 The the DT 39142 2797 2 thorough thorough JJ 39142 2797 3 interpenetration interpenetration NN 39142 2797 4 of of IN 39142 2797 5 the the DT 39142 2797 6 two two CD 39142 2797 7 star star NN 39142 2797 8 streams streams NNPS 39142 2797 9 is be VBZ 39142 2797 10 well well RB 39142 2797 11 illustrated illustrate VBN 39142 2797 12 , , , 39142 2797 13 since since IN 39142 2797 14 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2797 15 find find VBP 39142 2797 16 even even RB 39142 2797 17 in in IN 39142 2797 18 this this DT 39142 2797 19 small small JJ 39142 2797 20 volume volume NN 39142 2797 21 of of IN 39142 2797 22 space space NN 39142 2797 23 that that WDT 39142 2797 24 members member NNS 39142 2797 25 of of IN 39142 2797 26 both both DT 39142 2797 27 streams stream NNS 39142 2797 28 are be VBP 39142 2797 29 mingled mingle VBN 39142 2797 30 together together RB 39142 2797 31 in in IN 39142 2797 32 just just RB 39142 2797 33 about about IN 39142 2797 34 the the DT 39142 2797 35 average average JJ 39142 2797 36 proportion proportion NN 39142 2797 37 . . . 39142 2797 38 " " '' 39142 2798 1 [ [ -LRB- 39142 2798 2 Illustration illustration NN 39142 2798 3 : : : 39142 2798 4 THE the DT 39142 2798 5 RING ring NN 39142 2798 6 NEBULA NEBULA NNP 39142 2798 7 IN in IN 39142 2798 8 _ _ NNP 39142 2798 9 Lyra Lyra NNP 39142 2798 10 _ _ NNP 39142 2798 11 . . . 39142 2799 1 This this DT 39142 2799 2 is be VBZ 39142 2799 3 the the DT 39142 2799 4 best good JJS 39142 2799 5 example example NN 39142 2799 6 of of IN 39142 2799 7 the the DT 39142 2799 8 annular annular JJ 39142 2799 9 and and CC 39142 2799 10 elliptic elliptic JJ 39142 2799 11 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 2799 12 , , , 39142 2799 13 which which WDT 39142 2799 14 are be VBP 39142 2799 15 not not RB 39142 2799 16 very very RB 39142 2799 17 abundant abundant JJ 39142 2799 18 . . . 39142 2800 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2800 2 _ _ NNP 39142 2800 3 Photo Photo NNP 39142 2800 4 , , , 39142 2800 5 Mt. Mount NNP 39142 2801 1 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 2801 2 Solar Solar NNP 39142 2801 3 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 2801 4 . . . 39142 2801 5 _ _ NNP 39142 2801 6 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2801 7 ] ] -RRB- 39142 2801 8 [ [ -LRB- 39142 2801 9 Illustration illustration NN 39142 2801 10 : : : 39142 2801 11 THE the DT 39142 2801 12 DUMB DUMB NNP 39142 2801 13 - - HYPH 39142 2801 14 BELL BELL NNP 39142 2801 15 NEBULA NEBULA NNP 39142 2801 16 OF of IN 39142 2801 17 _ _ NNP 39142 2801 18 Vulpecula Vulpecula NNP 39142 2801 19 _ _ NNP 39142 2801 20 . . . 39142 2802 1 To to TO 39142 2802 2 take take VB 39142 2802 3 the the DT 39142 2802 4 photograph photograph NN 39142 2802 5 required require VBD 39142 2802 6 an an DT 39142 2802 7 exposure exposure NN 39142 2802 8 of of IN 39142 2802 9 five five CD 39142 2802 10 hours hour NNS 39142 2802 11 . . . 39142 2803 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2803 2 _ _ NNP 39142 2803 3 Photo Photo NNP 39142 2803 4 , , , 39142 2803 5 Mt. Mount NNP 39142 2804 1 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 2804 2 Solar Solar NNP 39142 2804 3 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 2804 4 . . . 39142 2804 5 _ _ NNP 39142 2804 6 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2804 7 ] ] -RRB- 39142 2804 8 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39142 2804 9 L L NNP 39142 2804 10 ACTUAL ACTUAL NNP 39142 2804 11 DIMENSIONS dimensions NN 39142 2804 12 OF of IN 39142 2804 13 THE the DT 39142 2804 14 STARS star NNS 39142 2804 15 We -PRON- PRP 39142 2804 16 have have VBP 39142 2804 17 seen see VBN 39142 2804 18 that that IN 39142 2804 19 the the DT 39142 2804 20 distances distance NNS 39142 2804 21 of of IN 39142 2804 22 the the DT 39142 2804 23 stars star NNS 39142 2804 24 from from IN 39142 2804 25 the the DT 39142 2804 26 solar solar JJ 39142 2804 27 system system NN 39142 2804 28 are be VBP 39142 2804 29 immense immense JJ 39142 2804 30 beyond beyond IN 39142 2804 31 conception conception NN 39142 2804 32 , , , 39142 2804 33 and and CC 39142 2804 34 millions million NNS 39142 2804 35 upon upon IN 39142 2804 36 millions million NNS 39142 2804 37 of of IN 39142 2804 38 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2804 39 are be VBP 39142 2804 40 probably probably RB 39142 2804 41 forever forever RB 39142 2804 42 beyond beyond IN 39142 2804 43 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2804 44 power power NN 39142 2804 45 of of IN 39142 2804 46 ascertaining ascertain VBG 39142 2804 47 by by IN 39142 2804 48 direct direct JJ 39142 2804 49 measurement measurement NN 39142 2804 50 what what WP 39142 2804 51 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2804 52 distance distance NN 39142 2804 53 really really RB 39142 2804 54 is be VBZ 39142 2804 55 . . . 39142 2805 1 After after IN 39142 2805 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2805 3 had have VBD 39142 2805 4 found find VBN 39142 2805 5 the the DT 39142 2805 6 sun sun NN 39142 2805 7 's 's POS 39142 2805 8 distance distance NN 39142 2805 9 and and CC 39142 2805 10 measured measure VBD 39142 2805 11 the the DT 39142 2805 12 angle angle NN 39142 2805 13 filled fill VBN 39142 2805 14 by by IN 39142 2805 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2805 16 disk disk NN 39142 2805 17 , , , 39142 2805 18 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2805 19 was be VBD 39142 2805 20 easy easy JJ 39142 2805 21 to to TO 39142 2805 22 calculate calculate VB 39142 2805 23 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2805 24 actual actual JJ 39142 2805 25 size size NN 39142 2805 26 . . . 39142 2806 1 This this DT 39142 2806 2 direct direct JJ 39142 2806 3 method method NN 39142 2806 4 , , , 39142 2806 5 however however RB 39142 2806 6 , , , 39142 2806 7 fails fail VBZ 39142 2806 8 when when WRB 39142 2806 9 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2806 10 try try VBP 39142 2806 11 to to TO 39142 2806 12 apply apply VB 39142 2806 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2806 14 to to IN 39142 2806 15 the the DT 39142 2806 16 stars star NNS 39142 2806 17 , , , 39142 2806 18 because because IN 39142 2806 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2806 20 distances distance NNS 39142 2806 21 are be VBP 39142 2806 22 so so RB 39142 2806 23 vast vast JJ 39142 2806 24 that that IN 39142 2806 25 no no DT 39142 2806 26 star star NN 39142 2806 27 's 's POS 39142 2806 28 disk disk NN 39142 2806 29 fills fill VBZ 39142 2806 30 an an DT 39142 2806 31 angle angle NN 39142 2806 32 of of IN 39142 2806 33 any any DT 39142 2806 34 appreciable appreciable JJ 39142 2806 35 size size NN 39142 2806 36 ; ; : 39142 2806 37 and and CC 39142 2806 38 even even RB 39142 2806 39 if if IN 39142 2806 40 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2806 41 try try VBP 39142 2806 42 to to TO 39142 2806 43 get get VB 39142 2806 44 a a DT 39142 2806 45 disk disk NN 39142 2806 46 with with IN 39142 2806 47 the the DT 39142 2806 48 highest high JJS 39142 2806 49 magnifying magnify VBG 39142 2806 50 powers power NNS 39142 2806 51 of of IN 39142 2806 52 a a DT 39142 2806 53 great great JJ 39142 2806 54 telescope telescope NN 39142 2806 55 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2806 56 efforts effort NNS 39142 2806 57 end end VBP 39142 2806 58 only only RB 39142 2806 59 in in IN 39142 2806 60 failure failure NN 39142 2806 61 . . . 39142 2807 1 There there EX 39142 2807 2 is be VBZ 39142 2807 3 , , , 39142 2807 4 indeed indeed RB 39142 2807 5 , , , 39142 2807 6 no no DT 39142 2807 7 instrumentally instrumentally RB 39142 2807 8 appreciable appreciable JJ 39142 2807 9 angle angle NN 39142 2807 10 to to TO 39142 2807 11 measure measure VB 39142 2807 12 . . . 39142 2808 1 How how WRB 39142 2808 2 then then RB 39142 2808 3 shall shall MD 39142 2808 4 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2808 5 ascertain ascertain VB 39142 2808 6 the the DT 39142 2808 7 actual actual JJ 39142 2808 8 dimensions dimension NNS 39142 2808 9 of of IN 39142 2808 10 the the DT 39142 2808 11 vast vast JJ 39142 2808 12 spheres sphere NNS 39142 2808 13 which which WDT 39142 2808 14 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2808 15 know know VBP 39142 2808 16 the the DT 39142 2808 17 stars star NNS 39142 2808 18 actually actually RB 39142 2808 19 are be VBP 39142 2808 20 , , , 39142 2808 21 as as IN 39142 2808 22 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2808 23 exist exist VBP 39142 2808 24 in in IN 39142 2808 25 the the DT 39142 2808 26 remotest remote JJS 39142 2808 27 regions region NNS 39142 2808 28 of of IN 39142 2808 29 space space NN 39142 2808 30 ? ? . 39142 2809 1 Clearly clearly RB 39142 2809 2 by by IN 39142 2809 3 indirect indirect JJ 39142 2809 4 methods method NNS 39142 2809 5 only only RB 39142 2809 6 , , , 39142 2809 7 and and CC 39142 2809 8 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2809 9 must must MD 39142 2809 10 be be VB 39142 2809 11 said say VBN 39142 2809 12 that that IN 39142 2809 13 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2809 14 have have VBP 39142 2809 15 as as RB 39142 2809 16 yet yet RB 39142 2809 17 no no DT 39142 2809 18 general general JJ 39142 2809 19 method method NN 39142 2809 20 that that WDT 39142 2809 21 yields yield VBZ 39142 2809 22 very very RB 39142 2809 23 satisfactory satisfactory JJ 39142 2809 24 results result NNS 39142 2809 25 for for IN 39142 2809 26 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2809 27 dimensions dimension NNS 39142 2809 28 . . . 39142 2810 1 The the DT 39142 2810 2 actual actual JJ 39142 2810 3 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2810 4 of of IN 39142 2810 5 the the DT 39142 2810 6 variable variable JJ 39142 2810 7 system system NN 39142 2810 8 of of IN 39142 2810 9 Algol Algol NNP 39142 2810 10 , , , 39142 2810 11 Beta Beta NNP 39142 2810 12 Persei Persei NNP 39142 2810 13 , , , 39142 2810 14 is be VBZ 39142 2810 15 among among IN 39142 2810 16 the the DT 39142 2810 17 best good JJS 39142 2810 18 known know VBN 39142 2810 19 of of IN 39142 2810 20 all all PDT 39142 2810 21 the the DT 39142 2810 22 stars star NNS 39142 2810 23 , , , 39142 2810 24 because because IN 39142 2810 25 the the DT 39142 2810 26 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 2810 27 measures measure VBZ 39142 2810 28 the the DT 39142 2810 29 rate rate NN 39142 2810 30 of of IN 39142 2810 31 approach approach NN 39142 2810 32 and and CC 39142 2810 33 recession recession NN 39142 2810 34 of of IN 39142 2810 35 Algol Algol NNP 39142 2810 36 when when WRB 39142 2810 37 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2810 38 invisible invisible JJ 39142 2810 39 satellite satellite NN 39142 2810 40 is be VBZ 39142 2810 41 in in IN 39142 2810 42 opposite opposite JJ 39142 2810 43 parts part NNS 39142 2810 44 of of IN 39142 2810 45 the the DT 39142 2810 46 orbit orbit NN 39142 2810 47 ; ; : 39142 2810 48 the the DT 39142 2810 49 law law NN 39142 2810 50 of of IN 39142 2810 51 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 2810 52 gives give VBZ 39142 2810 53 the the DT 39142 2810 54 mass mass NN 39142 2810 55 of of IN 39142 2810 56 the the DT 39142 2810 57 star star NN 39142 2810 58 and and CC 39142 2810 59 the the DT 39142 2810 60 size size NN 39142 2810 61 of of IN 39142 2810 62 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2810 63 orbit orbit NN 39142 2810 64 , , , 39142 2810 65 and and CC 39142 2810 66 so so RB 39142 2810 67 the the DT 39142 2810 68 length length NN 39142 2810 69 of of IN 39142 2810 70 the the DT 39142 2810 71 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 2810 72 gives give VBZ 39142 2810 73 the the DT 39142 2810 74 actual actual JJ 39142 2810 75 size size NN 39142 2810 76 of of IN 39142 2810 77 the the DT 39142 2810 78 dark dark JJ 39142 2810 79 , , , 39142 2810 80 eclipsing eclipse VBG 39142 2810 81 body body NN 39142 2810 82 . . . 39142 2811 1 This this DT 39142 2811 2 figures figure VBZ 39142 2811 3 out out RP 39142 2811 4 to to TO 39142 2811 5 be be VB 39142 2811 6 practically practically RB 39142 2811 7 the the DT 39142 2811 8 same same JJ 39142 2811 9 size size NN 39142 2811 10 as as IN 39142 2811 11 that that DT 39142 2811 12 of of IN 39142 2811 13 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2811 14 sun sun NN 39142 2811 15 , , , 39142 2811 16 while while IN 39142 2811 17 Algol Algol NNP 39142 2811 18 's 's POS 39142 2811 19 own own JJ 39142 2811 20 diameter diameter NN 39142 2811 21 is be VBZ 39142 2811 22 rather rather RB 39142 2811 23 larger large JJR 39142 2811 24 , , , 39142 2811 25 exceeding exceed VBG 39142 2811 26 a a DT 39142 2811 27 million million CD 39142 2811 28 miles mile NNS 39142 2811 29 . . . 39142 2812 1 If if IN 39142 2812 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2812 3 try try VBP 39142 2812 4 to to TO 39142 2812 5 estimate estimate VB 39142 2812 6 sizes size NNS 39142 2812 7 of of IN 39142 2812 8 stars star NNS 39142 2812 9 by by IN 39142 2812 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2812 11 brightness brightness NN 39142 2812 12 merely merely RB 39142 2812 13 , , , 39142 2812 14 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2812 15 are be VBP 39142 2812 16 soon soon RB 39142 2812 17 astray astray JJ 39142 2812 18 . . . 39142 2813 1 Differences difference NNS 39142 2813 2 of of IN 39142 2813 3 brightness brightness NN 39142 2813 4 are be VBP 39142 2813 5 due due JJ 39142 2813 6 to to IN 39142 2813 7 difference difference NN 39142 2813 8 of of IN 39142 2813 9 dimensions dimension NNS 39142 2813 10 , , , 39142 2813 11 of of IN 39142 2813 12 course course NN 39142 2813 13 , , , 39142 2813 14 or or CC 39142 2813 15 of of IN 39142 2813 16 light light NN 39142 2813 17 - - HYPH 39142 2813 18 giving give VBG 39142 2813 19 area area NN 39142 2813 20 ; ; : 39142 2813 21 but but CC 39142 2813 22 differences difference NNS 39142 2813 23 of of IN 39142 2813 24 distance distance NN 39142 2813 25 also also RB 39142 2813 26 affect affect VBP 39142 2813 27 the the DT 39142 2813 28 brightness brightness NN 39142 2813 29 , , , 39142 2813 30 inversely inversely RB 39142 2813 31 as as IN 39142 2813 32 the the DT 39142 2813 33 squares square NNS 39142 2813 34 of of IN 39142 2813 35 the the DT 39142 2813 36 distances distance NNS 39142 2813 37 , , , 39142 2813 38 while while IN 39142 2813 39 differences difference NNS 39142 2813 40 of of IN 39142 2813 41 temperature temperature NN 39142 2813 42 and and CC 39142 2813 43 constitution constitution NN 39142 2813 44 affect affect VBP 39142 2813 45 , , , 39142 2813 46 in in IN 39142 2813 47 very very RB 39142 2813 48 marked marked JJ 39142 2813 49 degree degree NN 39142 2813 50 , , , 39142 2813 51 the the DT 39142 2813 52 intrinsic intrinsic JJ 39142 2813 53 brilliance brilliance NN 39142 2813 54 of of IN 39142 2813 55 the the DT 39142 2813 56 light light RB 39142 2813 57 - - HYPH 39142 2813 58 emitting emit VBG 39142 2813 59 surface surface NN 39142 2813 60 of of IN 39142 2813 61 the the DT 39142 2813 62 star star NN 39142 2813 63 . . . 39142 2814 1 There there EX 39142 2814 2 are be VBP 39142 2814 3 big big JJ 39142 2814 4 stars star NNS 39142 2814 5 and and CC 39142 2814 6 little little JJ 39142 2814 7 stars star NNS 39142 2814 8 , , , 39142 2814 9 stars star NNS 39142 2814 10 relatively relatively RB 39142 2814 11 near near RB 39142 2814 12 to to IN 39142 2814 13 us -PRON- PRP 39142 2814 14 and and CC 39142 2814 15 stars star VBZ 39142 2814 16 exceedingly exceedingly RB 39142 2814 17 remote remote JJ 39142 2814 18 , , , 39142 2814 19 and and CC 39142 2814 20 stars star VBZ 39142 2814 21 highly highly RB 39142 2814 22 incandescent incandescent JJ 39142 2814 23 as as RB 39142 2814 24 well well RB 39142 2814 25 as as IN 39142 2814 26 others other NNS 39142 2814 27 feebly feebly RB 39142 2814 28 glowing glow VBG 39142 2814 29 . . . 39142 2815 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 2815 2 have have VBP 39142 2815 3 already already RB 39142 2815 4 shown show VBN 39142 2815 5 how how WRB 39142 2815 6 the the DT 39142 2815 7 angular angular JJ 39142 2815 8 diameters diameter NNS 39142 2815 9 subtended subtend VBN 39142 2815 10 by by IN 39142 2815 11 many many JJ 39142 2815 12 of of IN 39142 2815 13 the the DT 39142 2815 14 stars star NNS 39142 2815 15 have have VBP 39142 2815 16 been be VBN 39142 2815 17 estimated estimate VBN 39142 2815 18 , , , 39142 2815 19 through through IN 39142 2815 20 the the DT 39142 2815 21 relation relation NN 39142 2815 22 of of IN 39142 2815 23 surface surface NN 39142 2815 24 brightness brightness NN 39142 2815 25 and and CC 39142 2815 26 spectral spectral JJ 39142 2815 27 type type NN 39142 2815 28 . . . 39142 2816 1 Antares antare NNS 39142 2816 2 and and CC 39142 2816 3 Betelgeuse Betelgeuse NNP 39142 2816 4 appear appear VBP 39142 2816 5 to to TO 39142 2816 6 be be VB 39142 2816 7 the the DT 39142 2816 8 most most RBS 39142 2816 9 inviting inviting JJ 39142 2816 10 for for IN 39142 2816 11 investigation investigation NN 39142 2816 12 , , , 39142 2816 13 because because IN 39142 2816 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2816 15 estimated estimate VBN 39142 2816 16 angular angular JJ 39142 2816 17 diameters diameter NNS 39142 2816 18 are be VBP 39142 2816 19 about about RB 39142 2816 20 one one CD 39142 2816 21 - - HYPH 39142 2816 22 twentieth twentieth NN 39142 2816 23 of of IN 39142 2816 24 a a DT 39142 2816 25 second second NN 39142 2816 26 of of IN 39142 2816 27 arc arc NN 39142 2816 28 . . . 39142 2817 1 This this DT 39142 2817 2 is be VBZ 39142 2817 3 the the DT 39142 2817 4 way way NN 39142 2817 5 in in IN 39142 2817 6 which which WDT 39142 2817 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2817 8 direct direct JJ 39142 2817 9 measurement measurement NN 39142 2817 10 is be VBZ 39142 2817 11 being be VBG 39142 2817 12 attempted attempt VBN 39142 2817 13 . . . 39142 2818 1 As as RB 39142 2818 2 early early RB 39142 2818 3 as as IN 39142 2818 4 1890 1890 CD 39142 2818 5 , , , 39142 2818 6 Michelson Michelson NNP 39142 2818 7 of of IN 39142 2818 8 Chicago Chicago NNP 39142 2818 9 suggested suggest VBD 39142 2818 10 the the DT 39142 2818 11 application application NN 39142 2818 12 of of IN 39142 2818 13 interference interference NN 39142 2818 14 methods method NNS 39142 2818 15 to to IN 39142 2818 16 the the DT 39142 2818 17 accurate accurate JJ 39142 2818 18 measurement measurement NN 39142 2818 19 of of IN 39142 2818 20 very very RB 39142 2818 21 small small JJ 39142 2818 22 angles angle NNS 39142 2818 23 , , , 39142 2818 24 such such JJ 39142 2818 25 as as IN 39142 2818 26 the the DT 39142 2818 27 diameters diameter NNS 39142 2818 28 of of IN 39142 2818 29 the the DT 39142 2818 30 minor minor JJ 39142 2818 31 planets planet NNS 39142 2818 32 , , , 39142 2818 33 and and CC 39142 2818 34 the the DT 39142 2818 35 satellites satellite NNS 39142 2818 36 of of IN 39142 2818 37 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2818 38 and and CC 39142 2818 39 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 2818 40 , , , 39142 2818 41 as as RB 39142 2818 42 well well RB 39142 2818 43 as as IN 39142 2818 44 the the DT 39142 2818 45 arc arc NN 39142 2818 46 distance distance NN 39142 2818 47 between between IN 39142 2818 48 the the DT 39142 2818 49 components component NNS 39142 2818 50 of of IN 39142 2818 51 double double JJ 39142 2818 52 stars star NNS 39142 2818 53 . . . 39142 2819 1 Two two CD 39142 2819 2 portions portion NNS 39142 2819 3 of of IN 39142 2819 4 the the DT 39142 2819 5 object object NN 39142 2819 6 glass glass NN 39142 2819 7 are be VBP 39142 2819 8 used use VBN 39142 2819 9 , , , 39142 2819 10 as as RB 39142 2819 11 far far RB 39142 2819 12 apart apart RB 39142 2819 13 as as IN 39142 2819 14 possible possible JJ 39142 2819 15 on on IN 39142 2819 16 the the DT 39142 2819 17 same same JJ 39142 2819 18 diameter diameter NN 39142 2819 19 , , , 39142 2819 20 and and CC 39142 2819 21 the the DT 39142 2819 22 interference interference NN 39142 2819 23 fringes fringe NNS 39142 2819 24 produced produce VBN 39142 2819 25 at at IN 39142 2819 26 the the DT 39142 2819 27 focus focus NN 39142 2819 28 of of IN 39142 2819 29 the the DT 39142 2819 30 objective objective NN 39142 2819 31 are be VBP 39142 2819 32 then then RB 39142 2819 33 the the DT 39142 2819 34 subject subject NN 39142 2819 35 of of IN 39142 2819 36 observation observation NN 39142 2819 37 . . . 39142 2820 1 These these DT 39142 2820 2 fringes fringe NNS 39142 2820 3 form form VBP 39142 2820 4 a a DT 39142 2820 5 series series NN 39142 2820 6 of of IN 39142 2820 7 equidistant equidistant JJ 39142 2820 8 interference interference NN 39142 2820 9 bands band NNS 39142 2820 10 , , , 39142 2820 11 and and CC 39142 2820 12 are be VBP 39142 2820 13 most most RBS 39142 2820 14 distinct distinct JJ 39142 2820 15 when when WRB 39142 2820 16 the the DT 39142 2820 17 light light NN 39142 2820 18 comes come VBZ 39142 2820 19 from from IN 39142 2820 20 a a DT 39142 2820 21 source source NN 39142 2820 22 subtending subtend VBG 39142 2820 23 an an DT 39142 2820 24 infinitesimal infinitesimal JJ 39142 2820 25 angle angle NN 39142 2820 26 . . . 39142 2821 1 If if IN 39142 2821 2 the the DT 39142 2821 3 object object NN 39142 2821 4 presents present VBZ 39142 2821 5 an an DT 39142 2821 6 appreciable appreciable JJ 39142 2821 7 angle angle NN 39142 2821 8 , , , 39142 2821 9 the the DT 39142 2821 10 visibility visibility NN 39142 2821 11 is be VBZ 39142 2821 12 less less JJR 39142 2821 13 and and CC 39142 2821 14 may may MD 39142 2821 15 even even RB 39142 2821 16 become become VB 39142 2821 17 zero zero CD 39142 2821 18 . . . 39142 2822 1 Michelson Michelson NNP 39142 2822 2 tested test VBD 39142 2822 3 this this DT 39142 2822 4 method method NN 39142 2822 5 on on IN 39142 2822 6 the the DT 39142 2822 7 satellites satellite NNS 39142 2822 8 of of IN 39142 2822 9 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 2822 10 at at IN 39142 2822 11 the the DT 39142 2822 12 Lick Lick NNP 39142 2822 13 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 2822 14 in in IN 39142 2822 15 1891 1891 CD 39142 2822 16 , , , 39142 2822 17 and and CC 39142 2822 18 showed show VBD 39142 2822 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2822 20 accuracy accuracy NN 39142 2822 21 and and CC 39142 2822 22 practicability practicability NN 39142 2822 23 . . . 39142 2823 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 2823 2 , , , 39142 2823 3 the the DT 39142 2823 4 method method NN 39142 2823 5 has have VBZ 39142 2823 6 not not RB 39142 2823 7 been be VBN 39142 2823 8 taken take VBN 39142 2823 9 up up RP 39142 2823 10 by by IN 39142 2823 11 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2823 12 , , , 39142 2823 13 until until IN 39142 2823 14 very very RB 39142 2823 15 recently recently RB 39142 2823 16 at at IN 39142 2823 17 the the DT 39142 2823 18 Mount Mount NNP 39142 2823 19 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 2823 20 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 2823 21 , , , 39142 2823 22 where where WRB 39142 2823 23 Anderson Anderson NNP 39142 2823 24 has have VBZ 39142 2823 25 applied apply VBN 39142 2823 26 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2823 27 to to IN 39142 2823 28 the the DT 39142 2823 29 measurement measurement NN 39142 2823 30 of of IN 39142 2823 31 close close JJ 39142 2823 32 double double JJ 39142 2823 33 stars star NNS 39142 2823 34 . . . 39142 2824 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 2824 2 is be VBZ 39142 2824 3 found find VBN 39142 2824 4 that that IN 39142 2824 5 , , , 39142 2824 6 contrary contrary JJ 39142 2824 7 to to IN 39142 2824 8 general general JJ 39142 2824 9 expectation expectation NN 39142 2824 10 , , , 39142 2824 11 the the DT 39142 2824 12 method method NN 39142 2824 13 gives give VBZ 39142 2824 14 excellent excellent JJ 39142 2824 15 results result NNS 39142 2824 16 , , , 39142 2824 17 even even RB 39142 2824 18 if if IN 39142 2824 19 the the DT 39142 2824 20 " " `` 39142 2824 21 seeing seeing NN 39142 2824 22 " " '' 39142 2824 23 is be VBZ 39142 2824 24 not not RB 39142 2824 25 the the DT 39142 2824 26 best--2 best--2 NNP 39142 2824 27 on on IN 39142 2824 28 a a DT 39142 2824 29 scale scale NN 39142 2824 30 of of IN 39142 2824 31 10 10 CD 39142 2824 32 , , , 39142 2824 33 for for IN 39142 2824 34 instance instance NN 39142 2824 35 . . . 39142 2825 1 To to TO 39142 2825 2 simplify simplify VB 39142 2825 3 the the DT 39142 2825 4 manipulation manipulation NN 39142 2825 5 of of IN 39142 2825 6 the the DT 39142 2825 7 interferometer interferometer NN 39142 2825 8 , , , 39142 2825 9 a a DT 39142 2825 10 small small JJ 39142 2825 11 plate plate NN 39142 2825 12 with with IN 39142 2825 13 two two CD 39142 2825 14 apertures aperture NNS 39142 2825 15 in in IN 39142 2825 16 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2825 17 is be VBZ 39142 2825 18 placed place VBN 39142 2825 19 in in IN 39142 2825 20 the the DT 39142 2825 21 converging converging NN 39142 2825 22 beam beam NN 39142 2825 23 of of IN 39142 2825 24 light light NN 39142 2825 25 coming come VBG 39142 2825 26 from from IN 39142 2825 27 the the DT 39142 2825 28 telescope telescope NN 39142 2825 29 objective objective NN 39142 2825 30 or or CC 39142 2825 31 mirror mirror NN 39142 2825 32 . . . 39142 2826 1 The the DT 39142 2826 2 interference interference NN 39142 2826 3 fringes fringe NNS 39142 2826 4 formed form VBN 39142 2826 5 in in IN 39142 2826 6 the the DT 39142 2826 7 focal focal JJ 39142 2826 8 plane plane NN 39142 2826 9 are be VBP 39142 2826 10 then then RB 39142 2826 11 viewed view VBN 39142 2826 12 with with IN 39142 2826 13 an an DT 39142 2826 14 eyepiece eyepiece NN 39142 2826 15 of of IN 39142 2826 16 very very RB 39142 2826 17 high high JJ 39142 2826 18 power power NN 39142 2826 19 , , , 39142 2826 20 many many JJ 39142 2826 21 thousand thousand CD 39142 2826 22 diameters diameter NNS 39142 2826 23 . . . 39142 2827 1 The the DT 39142 2827 2 resolving resolve VBG 39142 2827 3 power power NN 39142 2827 4 of of IN 39142 2827 5 the the DT 39142 2827 6 interferometer interferometer NN 39142 2827 7 is be VBZ 39142 2827 8 found find VBN 39142 2827 9 to to TO 39142 2827 10 be be VB 39142 2827 11 somewhat somewhat RB 39142 2827 12 more more JJR 39142 2827 13 than than IN 39142 2827 14 double double PDT 39142 2827 15 that that DT 39142 2827 16 of of IN 39142 2827 17 a a DT 39142 2827 18 telescope telescope NN 39142 2827 19 of of IN 39142 2827 20 the the DT 39142 2827 21 same same JJ 39142 2827 22 aperture aperture NN 39142 2827 23 . . . 39142 2828 1 By by IN 39142 2828 2 applying apply VBG 39142 2828 3 the the DT 39142 2828 4 interferometer interferometer NN 39142 2828 5 method method NN 39142 2828 6 to to IN 39142 2828 7 Capella Capella NNP 39142 2828 8 , , , 39142 2828 9 arc arc NN 39142 2828 10 distances distance NNS 39142 2828 11 of of IN 39142 2828 12 much much RB 39142 2828 13 less less JJR 39142 2828 14 than than IN 39142 2828 15 one one CD 39142 2828 16 - - HYPH 39142 2828 17 twentieth twentieth NN 39142 2828 18 of of IN 39142 2828 19 a a DT 39142 2828 20 second second NN 39142 2828 21 of of IN 39142 2828 22 arc arc NN 39142 2828 23 were be VBD 39142 2828 24 measured measure VBN 39142 2828 25 . . . 39142 2829 1 More more RBR 39142 2829 2 recently recently RB 39142 2829 3 the the DT 39142 2829 4 method method NN 39142 2829 5 has have VBZ 39142 2829 6 been be VBN 39142 2829 7 applied apply VBN 39142 2829 8 to to IN 39142 2829 9 the the DT 39142 2829 10 great great JJ 39142 2829 11 star star NN 39142 2829 12 Betelgeuse Betelgeuse NNP 39142 2829 13 in in IN 39142 2829 14 Orion Orion NNP 39142 2829 15 , , , 39142 2829 16 whose whose WP$ 39142 2829 17 angular angular JJ 39142 2829 18 diameter diameter NN 39142 2829 19 was be VBD 39142 2829 20 found find VBN 39142 2829 21 to to TO 39142 2829 22 be be VB 39142 2829 23 0".46 0".46 CD 39142 2829 24 , , , 39142 2829 25 corresponding correspond VBG 39142 2829 26 to to IN 39142 2829 27 an an DT 39142 2829 28 actual actual JJ 39142 2829 29 diameter diameter NN 39142 2829 30 of of IN 39142 2829 31 260,000,000 260,000,000 CD 39142 2829 32 miles mile NNS 39142 2829 33 , , , 39142 2829 34 if if IN 39142 2829 35 the the DT 39142 2829 36 star star NN 39142 2829 37 's 's POS 39142 2829 38 parallax parallax NN 39142 2829 39 is be VBZ 39142 2829 40 as as RB 39142 2829 41 small small JJ 39142 2829 42 as as IN 39142 2829 43 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2829 44 appears appear VBZ 39142 2829 45 to to TO 39142 2829 46 be be VB 39142 2829 47 . . . 39142 2830 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39142 2830 2 LI LI NNP 39142 2830 3 THE the DT 39142 2830 4 VARIABLE VARIABLE NNP 39142 2830 5 STARS stars NN 39142 2830 6 Spectacular spectacular JJ 39142 2830 7 as as IN 39142 2830 8 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2830 9 are be VBP 39142 2830 10 to to IN 39142 2830 11 the the DT 39142 2830 12 layman layman NN 39142 2830 13 , , , 39142 2830 14 novæ novæ NNP 39142 2830 15 , , , 39142 2830 16 or or CC 39142 2830 17 temporary temporary JJ 39142 2830 18 stars star NNS 39142 2830 19 , , , 39142 2830 20 are be VBP 39142 2830 21 to to IN 39142 2830 22 the the DT 39142 2830 23 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2830 24 simply simply RB 39142 2830 25 a a DT 39142 2830 26 class class NN 39142 2830 27 among among IN 39142 2830 28 many many JJ 39142 2830 29 thousands thousand NNS 39142 2830 30 of of IN 39142 2830 31 stars star NNS 39142 2830 32 which which WDT 39142 2830 33 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2830 34 call call VBP 39142 2830 35 variables variable NNS 39142 2830 36 , , , 39142 2830 37 or or CC 39142 2830 38 variable variable JJ 39142 2830 39 stars star NNS 39142 2830 40 . . . 39142 2831 1 There there EX 39142 2831 2 are be VBP 39142 2831 3 a a DT 39142 2831 4 few few JJ 39142 2831 5 objects object NNS 39142 2831 6 classified classify VBD 39142 2831 7 as as IN 39142 2831 8 irregular irregular JJ 39142 2831 9 variables variable NNS 39142 2831 10 , , , 39142 2831 11 one one CD 39142 2831 12 of of IN 39142 2831 13 which which WDT 39142 2831 14 is be VBZ 39142 2831 15 very very RB 39142 2831 16 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 2831 17 . . . 39142 2832 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 2832 2 refer refer VBP 39142 2832 3 to to IN 39142 2832 4 Eta Eta NNP 39142 2832 5 Argus Argus NNP 39142 2832 6 , , , 39142 2832 7 an an DT 39142 2832 8 erratic erratic JJ 39142 2832 9 variable variable NN 39142 2832 10 in in IN 39142 2832 11 the the DT 39142 2832 12 southern southern JJ 39142 2832 13 constellation constellation NN 39142 2832 14 Argo Argo NNP 39142 2832 15 and and CC 39142 2832 16 surrounded surround VBN 39142 2832 17 by by IN 39142 2832 18 a a DT 39142 2832 19 well well RB 39142 2832 20 - - HYPH 39142 2832 21 known know VBN 39142 2832 22 nebula nebula NN 39142 2832 23 . . . 39142 2833 1 There there EX 39142 2833 2 is be VBZ 39142 2833 3 a a DT 39142 2833 4 pretty pretty RB 39142 2833 5 complete complete JJ 39142 2833 6 record record NN 39142 2833 7 of of IN 39142 2833 8 this this DT 39142 2833 9 star star NN 39142 2833 10 . . . 39142 2834 1 Halley Halley NNP 39142 2834 2 in in IN 39142 2834 3 1677 1677 CD 39142 2834 4 when when WRB 39142 2834 5 observing observe VBG 39142 2834 6 at at IN 39142 2834 7 Saint Saint NNP 39142 2834 8 Helena Helena NNP 39142 2834 9 recorded record VBD 39142 2834 10 Eta Eta NNP 39142 2834 11 Argus Argus NNP 39142 2834 12 as as IN 39142 2834 13 of of IN 39142 2834 14 the the DT 39142 2834 15 fourth fourth JJ 39142 2834 16 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2834 17 . . . 39142 2835 1 During during IN 39142 2835 2 the the DT 39142 2835 3 18th 18th JJ 39142 2835 4 century century NN 39142 2835 5 , , , 39142 2835 6 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2835 7 fluctuated fluctuate VBD 39142 2835 8 between between IN 39142 2835 9 the the DT 39142 2835 10 fourth fourth JJ 39142 2835 11 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2835 12 and and CC 39142 2835 13 the the DT 39142 2835 14 second second JJ 39142 2835 15 . . . 39142 2836 1 Early early RB 39142 2836 2 in in IN 39142 2836 3 the the DT 39142 2836 4 19th 19th NN 39142 2836 5 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2836 6 rapidly rapidly RB 39142 2836 7 waxed wax VBD 39142 2836 8 in in IN 39142 2836 9 brightness brightness NN 39142 2836 10 , , , 39142 2836 11 fluctuating fluctuate VBG 39142 2836 12 between between IN 39142 2836 13 the the DT 39142 2836 14 first first JJ 39142 2836 15 and and CC 39142 2836 16 second second JJ 39142 2836 17 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 2836 18 from from IN 39142 2836 19 1822 1822 CD 39142 2836 20 to to IN 39142 2836 21 1836 1836 CD 39142 2836 22 . . . 39142 2837 1 But but CC 39142 2837 2 two two CD 39142 2837 3 years year NNS 39142 2837 4 later later RB 39142 2837 5 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2837 6 light light NN 39142 2837 7 tripled triple VBD 39142 2837 8 , , , 39142 2837 9 rivaling rival VBG 39142 2837 10 all all PDT 39142 2837 11 the the DT 39142 2837 12 fixed fix VBN 39142 2837 13 stars star NNS 39142 2837 14 except except IN 39142 2837 15 Canopus Canopus NNP 39142 2837 16 and and CC 39142 2837 17 Sirius Sirius NNP 39142 2837 18 . . . 39142 2838 1 In in IN 39142 2838 2 1843 1843 CD 39142 2838 3 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2838 4 was be VBD 39142 2838 5 even even RB 39142 2838 6 brighter bright JJR 39142 2838 7 for for IN 39142 2838 8 a a DT 39142 2838 9 few few JJ 39142 2838 10 months month NNS 39142 2838 11 , , , 39142 2838 12 but but CC 39142 2838 13 since since IN 39142 2838 14 then then RB 39142 2838 15 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2838 16 has have VBZ 39142 2838 17 declined decline VBN 39142 2838 18 fairly fairly RB 39142 2838 19 steadily steadily RB 39142 2838 20 , , , 39142 2838 21 reaching reach VBG 39142 2838 22 a a DT 39142 2838 23 minimum minimum NN 39142 2838 24 at at IN 39142 2838 25 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2838 26 seven seven CD 39142 2838 27 and and CC 39142 2838 28 a a DT 39142 2838 29 half half NN 39142 2838 30 in in IN 39142 2838 31 1886 1886 CD 39142 2838 32 , , , 39142 2838 33 with with IN 39142 2838 34 a a DT 39142 2838 35 slight slight JJ 39142 2838 36 increase increase NN 39142 2838 37 in in IN 39142 2838 38 brightness brightness NN 39142 2838 39 more more RBR 39142 2838 40 recently recently RB 39142 2838 41 . . . 39142 2839 1 A a DT 39142 2839 2 period period NN 39142 2839 3 of of IN 39142 2839 4 half half PDT 39142 2839 5 a a DT 39142 2839 6 century century NN 39142 2839 7 has have VBZ 39142 2839 8 been be VBN 39142 2839 9 suggested suggest VBN 39142 2839 10 , , , 39142 2839 11 but but CC 39142 2839 12 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2839 13 is be VBZ 39142 2839 14 very very RB 39142 2839 15 doubtful doubtful JJ 39142 2839 16 if if IN 39142 2839 17 Eta Eta NNP 39142 2839 18 Argus Argus NNP 39142 2839 19 has have VBZ 39142 2839 20 any any DT 39142 2839 21 regular regular JJ 39142 2839 22 period period NN 39142 2839 23 of of IN 39142 2839 24 variation variation NN 39142 2839 25 . . . 39142 2840 1 Another another DT 39142 2840 2 very very RB 39142 2840 3 interesting interesting JJ 39142 2840 4 class class NN 39142 2840 5 of of IN 39142 2840 6 variables variable NNS 39142 2840 7 is be VBZ 39142 2840 8 known know VBN 39142 2840 9 as as IN 39142 2840 10 the the DT 39142 2840 11 Omicron Omicron NNP 39142 2840 12 Ceti Ceti NNP 39142 2840 13 type type NN 39142 2840 14 . . . 39142 2841 1 Nearly nearly RB 39142 2841 2 all all PDT 39142 2841 3 the the DT 39142 2841 4 time time NN 39142 2841 5 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2841 6 are be VBP 39142 2841 7 very very RB 39142 2841 8 faint faint JJ 39142 2841 9 , , , 39142 2841 10 but but CC 39142 2841 11 quite quite RB 39142 2841 12 suddenly suddenly RB 39142 2841 13 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2841 14 brighten brighten VBP 39142 2841 15 through through IN 39142 2841 16 several several JJ 39142 2841 17 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 2841 18 , , , 39142 2841 19 and and CC 39142 2841 20 then then RB 39142 2841 21 fade fade VB 39142 2841 22 away away RB 39142 2841 23 , , , 39142 2841 24 more more RBR 39142 2841 25 or or CC 39142 2841 26 less less RBR 39142 2841 27 slowly slowly RB 39142 2841 28 , , , 39142 2841 29 to to IN 39142 2841 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2841 31 normal normal JJ 39142 2841 32 condition condition NN 39142 2841 33 of of IN 39142 2841 34 faintness faintness NN 39142 2841 35 . . . 39142 2842 1 But but CC 39142 2842 2 the the DT 39142 2842 3 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 39142 2842 4 thing thing NN 39142 2842 5 is be VBZ 39142 2842 6 that that IN 39142 2842 7 most most JJS 39142 2842 8 of of IN 39142 2842 9 these these DT 39142 2842 10 variables variable NNS 39142 2842 11 go go VBP 39142 2842 12 through through IN 39142 2842 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2842 14 fluctuations fluctuation NNS 39142 2842 15 in in IN 39142 2842 16 regular regular JJ 39142 2842 17 periods period NNS 39142 2842 18 : : : 39142 2842 19 from from IN 39142 2842 20 six six CD 39142 2842 21 months month NNS 39142 2842 22 to to IN 39142 2842 23 two two CD 39142 2842 24 years year NNS 39142 2842 25 in in IN 39142 2842 26 length length NN 39142 2842 27 . . . 39142 2843 1 The the DT 39142 2843 2 type type NN 39142 2843 3 star star NN 39142 2843 4 , , , 39142 2843 5 Omicron Omicron NNP 39142 2843 6 Ceti Ceti NNP 39142 2843 7 , , , 39142 2843 8 or or CC 39142 2843 9 Mira Mira NNP 39142 2843 10 , , , 39142 2843 11 is be VBZ 39142 2843 12 the the DT 39142 2843 13 oldest old JJS 39142 2843 14 known know VBN 39142 2843 15 variable variable NN 39142 2843 16 , , , 39142 2843 17 having have VBG 39142 2843 18 been be VBN 39142 2843 19 discovered discover VBN 39142 2843 20 by by IN 39142 2843 21 Fabricius Fabricius NNP 39142 2843 22 in in IN 39142 2843 23 1596 1596 CD 39142 2843 24 . . . 39142 2844 1 Most Most JJS 39142 2844 2 of of IN 39142 2844 3 the the DT 39142 2844 4 time time NN 39142 2844 5 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2844 6 is be VBZ 39142 2844 7 a a DT 39142 2844 8 relatively relatively RB 39142 2844 9 faint faint JJ 39142 2844 10 star star NN 39142 2844 11 of of IN 39142 2844 12 the the DT 39142 2844 13 12th 12th JJ 39142 2844 14 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2844 15 ; ; : 39142 2844 16 but but CC 39142 2844 17 once once RB 39142 2844 18 in in IN 39142 2844 19 rather rather RB 39142 2844 20 less less JJR 39142 2844 21 than than IN 39142 2844 22 a a DT 39142 2844 23 year year NN 39142 2844 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2844 25 brightness brightness NN 39142 2844 26 runs run VBZ 39142 2844 27 up up RP 39142 2844 28 to to IN 39142 2844 29 the the DT 39142 2844 30 fourth fourth JJ 39142 2844 31 , , , 39142 2844 32 third third JJ 39142 2844 33 and and CC 39142 2844 34 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 2844 35 even even RB 39142 2844 36 the the DT 39142 2844 37 second second JJ 39142 2844 38 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2844 39 , , , 39142 2844 40 where where WRB 39142 2844 41 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2844 42 remains remain VBZ 39142 2844 43 for for IN 39142 2844 44 a a DT 39142 2844 45 week week NN 39142 2844 46 or or CC 39142 2844 47 ten ten CD 39142 2844 48 days day NNS 39142 2844 49 , , , 39142 2844 50 and and CC 39142 2844 51 afterward afterward RB 39142 2844 52 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2844 53 recedes recede VBZ 39142 2844 54 more more RBR 39142 2844 55 slowly slowly RB 39142 2844 56 to to IN 39142 2844 57 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2844 58 usual usual JJ 39142 2844 59 faintness faintness NN 39142 2844 60 , , , 39142 2844 61 the the DT 39142 2844 62 entire entire JJ 39142 2844 63 rise rise NN 39142 2844 64 and and CC 39142 2844 65 decline decline NN 39142 2844 66 in in IN 39142 2844 67 brightness brightness NN 39142 2844 68 usually usually RB 39142 2844 69 requiring require VBG 39142 2844 70 about about RB 39142 2844 71 100 100 CD 39142 2844 72 days day NNS 39142 2844 73 . . . 39142 2845 1 The the DT 39142 2845 2 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 2845 3 of of IN 39142 2845 4 Omicron Omicron NNP 39142 2845 5 Ceti Ceti NNP 39142 2845 6 contains contain VBZ 39142 2845 7 many many JJ 39142 2845 8 very very RB 39142 2845 9 bright bright JJ 39142 2845 10 lines line NNS 39142 2845 11 , , , 39142 2845 12 and and CC 39142 2845 13 a a DT 39142 2845 14 large large JJ 39142 2845 15 proportion proportion NN 39142 2845 16 of of IN 39142 2845 17 the the DT 39142 2845 18 variable variable JJ 39142 2845 19 stars star NNS 39142 2845 20 are be VBP 39142 2845 21 of of IN 39142 2845 22 this this DT 39142 2845 23 type type NN 39142 2845 24 . . . 39142 2846 1 Another another DT 39142 2846 2 class class NN 39142 2846 3 of of IN 39142 2846 4 variables variable NNS 39142 2846 5 is be VBZ 39142 2846 6 designated designate VBN 39142 2846 7 as as IN 39142 2846 8 the the DT 39142 2846 9 Beta Beta NNP 39142 2846 10 Lyræ Lyræ NNP 39142 2846 11 type type NN 39142 2846 12 . . . 39142 2847 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2847 2 periods period NNS 39142 2847 3 are be VBP 39142 2847 4 quite quite RB 39142 2847 5 regular regular JJ 39142 2847 6 , , , 39142 2847 7 but but CC 39142 2847 8 there there EX 39142 2847 9 are be VBP 39142 2847 10 two two CD 39142 2847 11 or or CC 39142 2847 12 more more JJR 39142 2847 13 maxima maxima NNP 39142 2847 14 and and CC 39142 2847 15 minima minima NNP 39142 2847 16 of of IN 39142 2847 17 light light NN 39142 2847 18 in in IN 39142 2847 19 each each DT 39142 2847 20 period period NN 39142 2847 21 , , , 39142 2847 22 as as IN 39142 2847 23 if if IN 39142 2847 24 the the DT 39142 2847 25 variation variation NN 39142 2847 26 were be VBD 39142 2847 27 caused cause VBN 39142 2847 28 by by IN 39142 2847 29 superposed superpose VBN 39142 2847 30 relations relation NNS 39142 2847 31 in in IN 39142 2847 32 some some DT 39142 2847 33 way way NN 39142 2847 34 . . . 39142 2848 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2848 2 spectra spectra NNP 39142 2848 3 show show VBP 39142 2848 4 a a DT 39142 2848 5 complexity complexity NN 39142 2848 6 of of IN 39142 2848 7 helium helium NN 39142 2848 8 and and CC 39142 2848 9 hydrogen hydrogen NN 39142 2848 10 bands band NNS 39142 2848 11 . . . 39142 2849 1 No no DT 39142 2849 2 wholly wholly RB 39142 2849 3 satisfactory satisfactory JJ 39142 2849 4 explanation explanation NN 39142 2849 5 has have VBZ 39142 2849 6 yet yet RB 39142 2849 7 been be VBN 39142 2849 8 offered offer VBN 39142 2849 9 . . . 39142 2850 1 Probably probably RB 39142 2850 2 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2850 3 are be VBP 39142 2850 4 double double JJ 39142 2850 5 stars star NNS 39142 2850 6 revolving revolve VBG 39142 2850 7 in in IN 39142 2850 8 very very RB 39142 2850 9 small small JJ 39142 2850 10 orbits orbit NNS 39142 2850 11 compared compare VBN 39142 2850 12 with with IN 39142 2850 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2850 14 dimensions dimension NNS 39142 2850 15 , , , 39142 2850 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2850 17 plane plane NN 39142 2850 18 of of IN 39142 2850 19 motion motion NN 39142 2850 20 passing pass VBG 39142 2850 21 nearly nearly RB 39142 2850 22 through through IN 39142 2850 23 the the DT 39142 2850 24 earth earth NN 39142 2850 25 . . . 39142 2851 1 But but CC 39142 2851 2 the the DT 39142 2851 3 most most RBS 39142 2851 4 interesting interesting JJ 39142 2851 5 of of IN 39142 2851 6 all all PDT 39142 2851 7 the the DT 39142 2851 8 variables variable NNS 39142 2851 9 are be VBP 39142 2851 10 those those DT 39142 2851 11 of of IN 39142 2851 12 the the DT 39142 2851 13 Algol Algol NNP 39142 2851 14 type type NN 39142 2851 15 , , , 39142 2851 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2851 17 light light JJ 39142 2851 18 curves curve NNS 39142 2851 19 being be VBG 39142 2851 20 just just RB 39142 2851 21 the the DT 39142 2851 22 reverse reverse NN 39142 2851 23 of of IN 39142 2851 24 the the DT 39142 2851 25 Omicron Omicron NNP 39142 2851 26 Ceti Ceti NNP 39142 2851 27 type type NN 39142 2851 28 ; ; : 39142 2851 29 that that RB 39142 2851 30 is is RB 39142 2851 31 , , , 39142 2851 32 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2851 33 are be VBP 39142 2851 34 at at IN 39142 2851 35 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2851 36 maximum maximum JJ 39142 2851 37 brightness brightness NN 39142 2851 38 most most JJS 39142 2851 39 of of IN 39142 2851 40 the the DT 39142 2851 41 time time NN 39142 2851 42 , , , 39142 2851 43 and and CC 39142 2851 44 then then RB 39142 2851 45 suffer suffer VB 39142 2851 46 a a DT 39142 2851 47 partial partial JJ 39142 2851 48 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 2851 49 for for IN 39142 2851 50 a a DT 39142 2851 51 relatively relatively RB 39142 2851 52 brief brief JJ 39142 2851 53 interval interval NN 39142 2851 54 . . . 39142 2852 1 Algol algol NN 39142 2852 2 goes go VBZ 39142 2852 3 through through IN 39142 2852 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2852 5 variations variation NNS 39142 2852 6 so so RB 39142 2852 7 frequently frequently RB 39142 2852 8 that that IN 39142 2852 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2852 10 period period NN 39142 2852 11 is be VBZ 39142 2852 12 very very RB 39142 2852 13 accurately accurately RB 39142 2852 14 known know VBN 39142 2852 15 ; ; : 39142 2852 16 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2852 17 is be VBZ 39142 2852 18 2d 2d CD 39142 2852 19 . . . 39142 2853 1 20h 20h NNS 39142 2853 2 . . . 39142 2854 1 48 48 CD 39142 2854 2 m m NN 39142 2854 3 . . . 39142 2855 1 55.4s 55.4s CD 39142 2855 2 . . . 39142 2856 1 For for IN 39142 2856 2 most most JJS 39142 2856 3 of of IN 39142 2856 4 this this DT 39142 2856 5 period period NN 39142 2856 6 Algol Algol NNP 39142 2856 7 is be VBZ 39142 2856 8 an an DT 39142 2856 9 easy easy JJ 39142 2856 10 second second JJ 39142 2856 11 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2856 12 star star NN 39142 2856 13 ; ; : 39142 2856 14 then then RB 39142 2856 15 in in IN 39142 2856 16 about about RB 39142 2856 17 four four CD 39142 2856 18 and and CC 39142 2856 19 a a DT 39142 2856 20 half half NN 39142 2856 21 hours hour NNS 39142 2856 22 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2856 23 loses lose VBZ 39142 2856 24 nearly nearly RB 39142 2856 25 five five CD 39142 2856 26 - - HYPH 39142 2856 27 sixths sixth NNS 39142 2856 28 of of IN 39142 2856 29 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2856 30 light light NN 39142 2856 31 , , , 39142 2856 32 receding recede VBG 39142 2856 33 to to IN 39142 2856 34 the the DT 39142 2856 35 fourth fourth JJ 39142 2856 36 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2856 37 . . . 39142 2857 1 Here here RB 39142 2857 2 at at IN 39142 2857 3 minimum minimum NN 39142 2857 4 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2857 5 remains remain VBZ 39142 2857 6 for for IN 39142 2857 7 fifteen fifteen CD 39142 2857 8 or or CC 39142 2857 9 twenty twenty CD 39142 2857 10 minutes minute NNS 39142 2857 11 , , , 39142 2857 12 and and CC 39142 2857 13 then then RB 39142 2857 14 in in IN 39142 2857 15 the the DT 39142 2857 16 next next JJ 39142 2857 17 three three CD 39142 2857 18 and and CC 39142 2857 19 a a DT 39142 2857 20 half half NN 39142 2857 21 hours hour NNS 39142 2857 22 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2857 23 regains regain VBZ 39142 2857 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2857 25 full full JJ 39142 2857 26 normal normal JJ 39142 2857 27 brilliancy brilliancy NN 39142 2857 28 of of IN 39142 2857 29 the the DT 39142 2857 30 second second JJ 39142 2857 31 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2857 32 . . . 39142 2858 1 During during IN 39142 2858 2 these these DT 39142 2858 3 fluctuations fluctuation NNS 39142 2858 4 the the DT 39142 2858 5 star star NN 39142 2858 6 's 's POS 39142 2858 7 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 2858 8 undergoes undergoe NNS 39142 2858 9 no no DT 39142 2858 10 marked mark VBN 39142 2858 11 changes change NNS 39142 2858 12 . . . 39142 2859 1 The the DT 39142 2859 2 spectra spectra NN 39142 2859 3 of of IN 39142 2859 4 all all PDT 39142 2859 5 the the DT 39142 2859 6 Algol Algol NNP 39142 2859 7 variables variable NNS 39142 2859 8 are be VBP 39142 2859 9 of of IN 39142 2859 10 the the DT 39142 2859 11 first first JJ 39142 2859 12 or or CC 39142 2859 13 Sirian sirian JJ 39142 2859 14 type type NN 39142 2859 15 . . . 39142 2860 1 To to TO 39142 2860 2 explain explain VB 39142 2860 3 the the DT 39142 2860 4 variation variation NN 39142 2860 5 of of IN 39142 2860 6 the the DT 39142 2860 7 Algol Algol NNP 39142 2860 8 type type NN 39142 2860 9 of of IN 39142 2860 10 variables variable NNS 39142 2860 11 is be VBZ 39142 2860 12 easy easy JJ 39142 2860 13 : : : 39142 2860 14 a a DT 39142 2860 15 dark dark JJ 39142 2860 16 , , , 39142 2860 17 eclipsing eclipse VBG 39142 2860 18 body body NN 39142 2860 19 , , , 39142 2860 20 somewhat somewhat RB 39142 2860 21 smaller small JJR 39142 2860 22 than than IN 39142 2860 23 the the DT 39142 2860 24 primary primary NN 39142 2860 25 is be VBZ 39142 2860 26 supposed suppose VBN 39142 2860 27 to to TO 39142 2860 28 be be VB 39142 2860 29 traveling travel VBG 39142 2860 30 round round IN 39142 2860 31 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2860 32 in in IN 39142 2860 33 an an DT 39142 2860 34 orbit orbit NN 39142 2860 35 lying lie VBG 39142 2860 36 nearly nearly RB 39142 2860 37 edgewise edgewise VBP 39142 2860 38 to to IN 39142 2860 39 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2860 40 line line NN 39142 2860 41 of of IN 39142 2860 42 sight sight NN 39142 2860 43 . . . 39142 2861 1 The the DT 39142 2861 2 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 2861 3 of of IN 39142 2861 4 this this DT 39142 2861 5 dark dark JJ 39142 2861 6 companion companion NN 39142 2861 7 displaces displace NNS 39142 2861 8 Algol Algol NNP 39142 2861 9 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 2861 10 alternately alternately RB 39142 2861 11 toward toward IN 39142 2861 12 and and CC 39142 2861 13 from from IN 39142 2861 14 the the DT 39142 2861 15 earth earth NN 39142 2861 16 , , , 39142 2861 17 because because IN 39142 2861 18 the the DT 39142 2861 19 two two CD 39142 2861 20 bodies body NNS 39142 2861 21 revolve revolve VBP 39142 2861 22 round round IN 39142 2861 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2861 24 common common JJ 39142 2861 25 center center NN 39142 2861 26 of of IN 39142 2861 27 gravity gravity NN 39142 2861 28 . . . 39142 2862 1 With with IN 39142 2862 2 the the DT 39142 2862 3 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 2862 4 this this DT 39142 2862 5 alternate alternate JJ 39142 2862 6 motion motion NN 39142 2862 7 of of IN 39142 2862 8 Algol Algol NNP 39142 2862 9 , , , 39142 2862 10 now now RB 39142 2862 11 advancing advance VBG 39142 2862 12 and and CC 39142 2862 13 now now RB 39142 2862 14 receding recede VBG 39142 2862 15 at at IN 39142 2862 16 the the DT 39142 2862 17 rate rate NN 39142 2862 18 of of IN 39142 2862 19 26 26 CD 39142 2862 20 miles mile NNS 39142 2862 21 per per IN 39142 2862 22 second second NN 39142 2862 23 , , , 39142 2862 24 has have VBZ 39142 2862 25 been be VBN 39142 2862 26 demonstrated demonstrate VBN 39142 2862 27 ; ; : 39142 2862 28 and and CC 39142 2862 29 the the DT 39142 2862 30 period period NN 39142 2862 31 of of IN 39142 2862 32 this this DT 39142 2862 33 motion motion NN 39142 2862 34 synchronizes synchronize VBZ 39142 2862 35 exactly exactly RB 39142 2862 36 with with IN 39142 2862 37 the the DT 39142 2862 38 period period NN 39142 2862 39 of of IN 39142 2862 40 the the DT 39142 2862 41 star star NN 39142 2862 42 's 's POS 39142 2862 43 variability variability NN 39142 2862 44 . . . 39142 2863 1 Russell Russell NNP 39142 2863 2 and and CC 39142 2863 3 Shapley Shapley NNP 39142 2863 4 have have VBP 39142 2863 5 made make VBN 39142 2863 6 extended extended JJ 39142 2863 7 studies study NNS 39142 2863 8 of of IN 39142 2863 9 the the DT 39142 2863 10 eclipsing eclipse VBG 39142 2863 11 binaries binary NNS 39142 2863 12 , , , 39142 2863 13 and and CC 39142 2863 14 developed develop VBD 39142 2863 15 the the DT 39142 2863 16 formulæ formulæ NN 39142 2863 17 by by IN 39142 2863 18 which which WDT 39142 2863 19 the the DT 39142 2863 20 investigations investigation NNS 39142 2863 21 of of IN 39142 2863 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2863 23 orbits orbit NNS 39142 2863 24 are be VBP 39142 2863 25 conducted conduct VBN 39142 2863 26 . . . 39142 2864 1 Heretofore heretofore RB 39142 2864 2 , , , 39142 2864 3 visual visual JJ 39142 2864 4 binaries binary NNS 39142 2864 5 and and CC 39142 2864 6 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 2864 7 binaries binary NNS 39142 2864 8 afforded afford VBD 39142 2864 9 the the DT 39142 2864 10 only only JJ 39142 2864 11 means mean NNS 39142 2864 12 of of IN 39142 2864 13 deriving derive VBG 39142 2864 14 data datum NNS 39142 2864 15 regarding regard VBG 39142 2864 16 double double JJ 39142 2864 17 systems system NNS 39142 2864 18 , , , 39142 2864 19 but but CC 39142 2864 20 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2864 21 is be VBZ 39142 2864 22 now now RB 39142 2864 23 possible possible JJ 39142 2864 24 to to TO 39142 2864 25 obtain obtain VB 39142 2864 26 from from IN 39142 2864 27 the the DT 39142 2864 28 orbits orbit NNS 39142 2864 29 of of IN 39142 2864 30 eclipsing eclipse VBG 39142 2864 31 variables variable NNS 39142 2864 32 fully fully RB 39142 2864 33 as as IN 39142 2864 34 much much JJ 39142 2864 35 information information NN 39142 2864 36 relating relate VBG 39142 2864 37 to to IN 39142 2864 38 binary binary JJ 39142 2864 39 systems system NNS 39142 2864 40 in in IN 39142 2864 41 general general JJ 39142 2864 42 and and CC 39142 2864 43 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2864 44 bearing bearing NN 39142 2864 45 on on IN 39142 2864 46 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2864 47 evolution evolution NN 39142 2864 48 . . . 39142 2865 1 After after IN 39142 2865 2 an an DT 39142 2865 3 orbit orbit NN 39142 2865 4 has have VBZ 39142 2865 5 been be VBN 39142 2865 6 determined determine VBN 39142 2865 7 from from IN 39142 2865 8 the the DT 39142 2865 9 photometric photometric JJ 39142 2865 10 data datum NNS 39142 2865 11 of of IN 39142 2865 12 the the DT 39142 2865 13 light light JJ 39142 2865 14 curve curve NN 39142 2865 15 , , , 39142 2865 16 the the DT 39142 2865 17 addition addition NN 39142 2865 18 of of IN 39142 2865 19 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 2865 20 data datum NNS 39142 2865 21 often often RB 39142 2865 22 permits permit VBZ 39142 2865 23 the the DT 39142 2865 24 calculation calculation NN 39142 2865 25 of of IN 39142 2865 26 the the DT 39142 2865 27 masses masse NNS 39142 2865 28 , , , 39142 2865 29 dimensions dimension NNS 39142 2865 30 and and CC 39142 2865 31 densities density NNS 39142 2865 32 in in IN 39142 2865 33 terms term NNS 39142 2865 34 of of IN 39142 2865 35 the the DT 39142 2865 36 sun sun NN 39142 2865 37 . . . 39142 2866 1 Shapley Shapley NNP 39142 2866 2 's 's POS 39142 2866 3 original original JJ 39142 2866 4 investigation investigation NN 39142 2866 5 included include VBD 39142 2866 6 the the DT 39142 2866 7 orbits orbit NNS 39142 2866 8 of of IN 39142 2866 9 ninety ninety CD 39142 2866 10 eclipsing eclipse VBG 39142 2866 11 variables variable NNS 39142 2866 12 , , , 39142 2866 13 and and CC 39142 2866 14 with with IN 39142 2866 15 the the DT 39142 2866 16 aid aid NN 39142 2866 17 of of IN 39142 2866 18 hypothetical hypothetical JJ 39142 2866 19 parallaxes parallax NNS 39142 2866 20 , , , 39142 2866 21 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2866 22 computed compute VBD 39142 2866 23 the the DT 39142 2866 24 approximate approximate JJ 39142 2866 25 position position NN 39142 2866 26 of of IN 39142 2866 27 each each DT 39142 2866 28 system system NN 39142 2866 29 in in IN 39142 2866 30 space space NN 39142 2866 31 . . . 39142 2867 1 The the DT 39142 2867 2 relation relation NN 39142 2867 3 to to IN 39142 2867 4 the the DT 39142 2867 5 Milky Milky NNP 39142 2867 6 Way Way NNP 39142 2867 7 is be VBZ 39142 2867 8 interesting interesting JJ 39142 2867 9 , , , 39142 2867 10 the the DT 39142 2867 11 condensation condensation NN 39142 2867 12 into into IN 39142 2867 13 the the DT 39142 2867 14 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 2867 15 plane plane NN 39142 2867 16 being be VBG 39142 2867 17 very very RB 39142 2867 18 marked mark VBN 39142 2867 19 ; ; : 39142 2867 20 only only RB 39142 2867 21 thirteen thirteen CD 39142 2867 22 of of IN 39142 2867 23 the the DT 39142 2867 24 ninety ninety CD 39142 2867 25 systems system NNS 39142 2867 26 being be VBG 39142 2867 27 found find VBN 39142 2867 28 at at IN 39142 2867 29 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 2867 30 latitudes latitude NNS 39142 2867 31 exceeding exceed VBG 39142 2867 32 30 30 CD 39142 2867 33 degrees degree NNS 39142 2867 34 . . . 39142 2868 1 If if IN 39142 2868 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2868 3 can can MD 39142 2868 4 suppose suppose VB 39142 2868 5 the the DT 39142 2868 6 variable variable JJ 39142 2868 7 stars star NNS 39142 2868 8 covered cover VBN 39142 2868 9 with with IN 39142 2868 10 vast vast JJ 39142 2868 11 areas area NNS 39142 2868 12 of of IN 39142 2868 13 spots spot NNS 39142 2868 14 , , , 39142 2868 15 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2868 16 similar similar JJ 39142 2868 17 to to IN 39142 2868 18 the the DT 39142 2868 19 spots spot NNS 39142 2868 20 on on IN 39142 2868 21 the the DT 39142 2868 22 sun sun NN 39142 2868 23 , , , 39142 2868 24 and and CC 39142 2868 25 then then RB 39142 2868 26 combine combine VB 39142 2868 27 the the DT 39142 2868 28 variation variation NN 39142 2868 29 of of IN 39142 2868 30 these these DT 39142 2868 31 spot spot NN 39142 2868 32 areas area NNS 39142 2868 33 with with IN 39142 2868 34 rotation rotation NN 39142 2868 35 of of IN 39142 2868 36 the the DT 39142 2868 37 star star NN 39142 2868 38 on on IN 39142 2868 39 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2868 40 axis axi NNS 39142 2868 41 , , , 39142 2868 42 there there EX 39142 2868 43 is be VBZ 39142 2868 44 a a DT 39142 2868 45 possibility possibility NN 39142 2868 46 of of IN 39142 2868 47 explanation explanation NN 39142 2868 48 of of IN 39142 2868 49 many many JJ 39142 2868 50 of of IN 39142 2868 51 the the DT 39142 2868 52 observed observed JJ 39142 2868 53 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 2868 54 , , , 39142 2868 55 especially especially RB 39142 2868 56 where where WRB 39142 2868 57 the the DT 39142 2868 58 range range NN 39142 2868 59 of of IN 39142 2868 60 variation variation NN 39142 2868 61 is be VBZ 39142 2868 62 small small JJ 39142 2868 63 . . . 39142 2869 1 But but CC 39142 2869 2 for for IN 39142 2869 3 the the DT 39142 2869 4 Omicron Omicron NNP 39142 2869 5 Ceti Ceti NNP 39142 2869 6 type type NN 39142 2869 7 , , , 39142 2869 8 no no DT 39142 2869 9 better well JJR 39142 2869 10 explanation explanation NN 39142 2869 11 offers offer VBZ 39142 2869 12 than than IN 39142 2869 13 that that DT 39142 2869 14 afforded afford VBN 39142 2869 15 by by IN 39142 2869 16 Sir Sir NNP 39142 2869 17 Norman Norman NNP 39142 2869 18 Lockyer Lockyer NNP 39142 2869 19 's 's POS 39142 2869 20 collision collision NN 39142 2869 21 theory theory NN 39142 2869 22 . . . 39142 2870 1 First first RB 39142 2870 2 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2870 3 assumes assume VBZ 39142 2870 4 that that IN 39142 2870 5 these these DT 39142 2870 6 stars star NNS 39142 2870 7 are be VBP 39142 2870 8 not not RB 39142 2870 9 condensed condense VBN 39142 2870 10 bodies body NNS 39142 2870 11 , , , 39142 2870 12 but but CC 39142 2870 13 still still RB 39142 2870 14 in in IN 39142 2870 15 the the DT 39142 2870 16 condition condition NN 39142 2870 17 of of IN 39142 2870 18 meteoric meteoric JJ 39142 2870 19 swarms swarm NNS 39142 2870 20 , , , 39142 2870 21 and and CC 39142 2870 22 the the DT 39142 2870 23 revolution revolution NN 39142 2870 24 of of IN 39142 2870 25 lesser less JJR 39142 2870 26 swarms swarm NNS 39142 2870 27 around around IN 39142 2870 28 larger large JJR 39142 2870 29 aggregations aggregation NNS 39142 2870 30 , , , 39142 2870 31 in in IN 39142 2870 32 elliptic elliptic JJ 39142 2870 33 orbits orbit NNS 39142 2870 34 of of IN 39142 2870 35 greater great JJR 39142 2870 36 or or CC 39142 2870 37 less less JJR 39142 2870 38 eccentricity eccentricity NN 39142 2870 39 , , , 39142 2870 40 must must MD 39142 2870 41 produce produce VB 39142 2870 42 vast vast JJ 39142 2870 43 multitudes multitude NNS 39142 2870 44 of of IN 39142 2870 45 collisions collision NNS 39142 2870 46 ; ; , 39142 2870 47 and and CC 39142 2870 48 these these DT 39142 2870 49 collisions collision NNS 39142 2870 50 , , , 39142 2870 51 taking take VBG 39142 2870 52 place place NN 39142 2870 53 at at IN 39142 2870 54 pretty pretty RB 39142 2870 55 regular regular JJ 39142 2870 56 periods period NNS 39142 2870 57 , , , 39142 2870 58 produce produce VBP 39142 2870 59 the the DT 39142 2870 60 variable variable JJ 39142 2870 61 maximum maximum NN 39142 2870 62 light light NN 39142 2870 63 by by IN 39142 2870 64 raising raise VBG 39142 2870 65 hosts host NNS 39142 2870 66 of of IN 39142 2870 67 meteoric meteoric JJ 39142 2870 68 particles particle NNS 39142 2870 69 to to IN 39142 2870 70 a a DT 39142 2870 71 state state NN 39142 2870 72 of of IN 39142 2870 73 incandescence incandescence NN 39142 2870 74 simultaneously simultaneously RB 39142 2870 75 . . . 39142 2871 1 The the DT 39142 2871 2 catalogues catalogue NNS 39142 2871 3 of of IN 39142 2871 4 variable variable JJ 39142 2871 5 stars star NNS 39142 2871 6 now now RB 39142 2871 7 contain contain VBP 39142 2871 8 many many JJ 39142 2871 9 thousands thousand NNS 39142 2871 10 of of IN 39142 2871 11 these these DT 39142 2871 12 objects object NNS 39142 2871 13 . . . 39142 2872 1 They -PRON- PRP 39142 2872 2 are be VBP 39142 2872 3 often often RB 39142 2872 4 designated designate VBN 39142 2872 5 by by IN 39142 2872 6 the the DT 39142 2872 7 letters letter NNS 39142 2872 8 R R NNP 39142 2872 9 , , , 39142 2872 10 S S NNP 39142 2872 11 , , , 39142 2872 12 T T NNP 39142 2872 13 , , , 39142 2872 14 and and CC 39142 2872 15 so so RB 39142 2872 16 on on RB 39142 2872 17 , , , 39142 2872 18 followed follow VBN 39142 2872 19 by by IN 39142 2872 20 the the DT 39142 2872 21 genitive genitive JJ 39142 2872 22 form form NN 39142 2872 23 of of IN 39142 2872 24 the the DT 39142 2872 25 name name NN 39142 2872 26 of of IN 39142 2872 27 the the DT 39142 2872 28 constellation constellation NN 39142 2872 29 wherein wherein WRB 39142 2872 30 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2872 31 are be VBP 39142 2872 32 found find VBN 39142 2872 33 . . . 39142 2873 1 Most Most JJS 39142 2873 2 of of IN 39142 2873 3 the the DT 39142 2873 4 recently recently RB 39142 2873 5 found find VBN 39142 2873 6 variables variable NNS 39142 2873 7 have have VBP 39142 2873 8 a a DT 39142 2873 9 range range NN 39142 2873 10 of of IN 39142 2873 11 less less JJR 39142 2873 12 than than IN 39142 2873 13 one one CD 39142 2873 14 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2873 15 . . . 39142 2874 1 They -PRON- PRP 39142 2874 2 are be VBP 39142 2874 3 so so RB 39142 2874 4 distributed distributed JJ 39142 2874 5 as as IN 39142 2874 6 to to TO 39142 2874 7 be be VB 39142 2874 8 most most RBS 39142 2874 9 numerous numerous JJ 39142 2874 10 in in IN 39142 2874 11 a a DT 39142 2874 12 zone zone NN 39142 2874 13 inclined incline VBN 39142 2874 14 about about RB 39142 2874 15 18 18 CD 39142 2874 16 degrees degree NNS 39142 2874 17 to to IN 39142 2874 18 the the DT 39142 2874 19 celestial celestial JJ 39142 2874 20 equator equator NN 39142 2874 21 , , , 39142 2874 22 and and CC 39142 2874 23 split split VBD 39142 2874 24 in in IN 39142 2874 25 two two CD 39142 2874 26 near near IN 39142 2874 27 where where WRB 39142 2874 28 the the DT 39142 2874 29 cleft cleft NNS 39142 2874 30 in in IN 39142 2874 31 the the DT 39142 2874 32 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 2874 33 is be VBZ 39142 2874 34 located locate VBN 39142 2874 35 . . . 39142 2875 1 Nearly nearly RB 39142 2875 2 all all PDT 39142 2875 3 the the DT 39142 2875 4 temporary temporary JJ 39142 2875 5 stars star NNS 39142 2875 6 are be VBP 39142 2875 7 in in IN 39142 2875 8 this this DT 39142 2875 9 duplex duplex NN 39142 2875 10 region region NN 39142 2875 11 . . . 39142 2876 1 Bailey Bailey NNP 39142 2876 2 of of IN 39142 2876 3 Harvard Harvard NNP 39142 2876 4 a a DT 39142 2876 5 quarter quarter NN 39142 2876 6 century century NN 39142 2876 7 ago ago RB 39142 2876 8 began begin VBD 39142 2876 9 the the DT 39142 2876 10 investigation investigation NN 39142 2876 11 of of IN 39142 2876 12 variables variable NNS 39142 2876 13 in in IN 39142 2876 14 close close JJ 39142 2876 15 star star NN 39142 2876 16 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2876 17 , , , 39142 2876 18 where where WRB 39142 2876 19 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2876 20 are be VBP 39142 2876 21 very very RB 39142 2876 22 abundant abundant JJ 39142 2876 23 , , , 39142 2876 24 with with IN 39142 2876 25 marked marked JJ 39142 2876 26 changes change NNS 39142 2876 27 of of IN 39142 2876 28 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2876 29 within within IN 39142 2876 30 only only RB 39142 2876 31 a a DT 39142 2876 32 few few JJ 39142 2876 33 hours hour NNS 39142 2876 34 . . . 39142 2877 1 Many many JJ 39142 2877 2 amateur amateur JJ 39142 2877 3 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2877 4 afford afford VBP 39142 2877 5 very very RB 39142 2877 6 great great JJ 39142 2877 7 assistance assistance NN 39142 2877 8 to to IN 39142 2877 9 the the DT 39142 2877 10 professional professional JJ 39142 2877 11 investigator investigator NN 39142 2877 12 of of IN 39142 2877 13 variable variable JJ 39142 2877 14 stars star NNS 39142 2877 15 by by IN 39142 2877 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2877 17 cooperation cooperation NN 39142 2877 18 in in IN 39142 2877 19 observing observe VBG 39142 2877 20 these these DT 39142 2877 21 interesting interesting JJ 39142 2877 22 bodies body NNS 39142 2877 23 , , , 39142 2877 24 in in IN 39142 2877 25 particular particular JJ 39142 2877 26 the the DT 39142 2877 27 American American NNP 39142 2877 28 Association Association NNP 39142 2877 29 of of IN 39142 2877 30 Observers Observers NNPS 39142 2877 31 of of IN 39142 2877 32 Variable Variable NNP 39142 2877 33 Stars Stars NNP 39142 2877 34 , , , 39142 2877 35 organized organize VBN 39142 2877 36 and and CC 39142 2877 37 directed direct VBN 39142 2877 38 by by IN 39142 2877 39 William William NNP 39142 2877 40 Tyler Tyler NNP 39142 2877 41 Olcott Olcott NNP 39142 2877 42 . . . 39142 2878 1 For for IN 39142 2878 2 a a DT 39142 2878 3 high high JJ 39142 2878 4 degree degree NN 39142 2878 5 of of IN 39142 2878 6 accuracy accuracy NN 39142 2878 7 in in IN 39142 2878 8 determining determine VBG 39142 2878 9 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2878 10 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 2878 11 the the DT 39142 2878 12 photo photo NN 39142 2878 13 - - HYPH 39142 2878 14 electric electric JJ 39142 2878 15 cell cell NN 39142 2878 16 is be VBZ 39142 2878 17 unsurpassed unsurpassed JJ 39142 2878 18 . . . 39142 2879 1 Stebbins stebbin NNS 39142 2879 2 of of IN 39142 2879 3 Urbana Urbana NNP 39142 2879 4 has have VBZ 39142 2879 5 been be VBN 39142 2879 6 very very RB 39142 2879 7 successful successful JJ 39142 2879 8 in in IN 39142 2879 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2879 10 application application NN 39142 2879 11 and and CC 39142 2879 12 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2879 13 discovered discover VBD 39142 2879 14 the the DT 39142 2879 15 secondary secondary JJ 39142 2879 16 minimum minimum NN 39142 2879 17 of of IN 39142 2879 18 Algol Algol NNP 39142 2879 19 with with IN 39142 2879 20 the the DT 39142 2879 21 selenium selenium NN 39142 2879 22 cell cell NN 39142 2879 23 . . . 39142 2880 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2880 2 most most RBS 39142 2880 3 recent recent JJ 39142 2880 4 work work NN 39142 2880 5 was be VBD 39142 2880 6 done do VBN 39142 2880 7 with with IN 39142 2880 8 a a DT 39142 2880 9 potassium potassium NN 39142 2880 10 cell cell NN 39142 2880 11 with with IN 39142 2880 12 walls wall NNS 39142 2880 13 of of IN 39142 2880 14 fused fuse VBN 39142 2880 15 quartz quartz NN 39142 2880 16 , , , 39142 2880 17 perfected perfect VBD 39142 2880 18 after after IN 39142 2880 19 many many JJ 39142 2880 20 trial trial NN 39142 2880 21 attempts attempt NNS 39142 2880 22 . . . 39142 2881 1 The the DT 39142 2881 2 stars star NNS 39142 2881 3 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2881 4 has have VBZ 39142 2881 5 recently recently RB 39142 2881 6 investigated investigate VBN 39142 2881 7 are be VBP 39142 2881 8 Lambda Lambda NNP 39142 2881 9 Tauri Tauri NNP 39142 2881 10 , , , 39142 2881 11 and and CC 39142 2881 12 Pi Pi NNP 39142 2881 13 Five five CD 39142 2881 14 Orionis Orionis NNPS 39142 2881 15 . . . 39142 2882 1 Combining combine VBG 39142 2882 2 results result NNS 39142 2882 3 with with IN 39142 2882 4 those those DT 39142 2882 5 reached reach VBN 39142 2882 6 by by IN 39142 2882 7 the the DT 39142 2882 8 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 2882 9 , , , 39142 2882 10 the the DT 39142 2882 11 masses masse NNS 39142 2882 12 of of IN 39142 2882 13 the the DT 39142 2882 14 two two CD 39142 2882 15 component component NN 39142 2882 16 stars star NNS 39142 2882 17 of of IN 39142 2882 18 the the DT 39142 2882 19 former former JJ 39142 2882 20 are be VBP 39142 2882 21 2.5 2.5 CD 39142 2882 22 and and CC 39142 2882 23 1.0 1.0 CD 39142 2882 24 that that DT 39142 2882 25 of of IN 39142 2882 26 the the DT 39142 2882 27 sun sun NN 39142 2882 28 , , , 39142 2882 29 and and CC 39142 2882 30 the the DT 39142 2882 31 radii radii NN 39142 2882 32 are be VBP 39142 2882 33 4.8 4.8 CD 39142 2882 34 and and CC 39142 2882 35 3.6 3.6 CD 39142 2882 36 times time NNS 39142 2882 37 the the DT 39142 2882 38 sun sun NN 39142 2882 39 's 's POS 39142 2882 40 . . . 39142 2883 1 Russell Russell NNP 39142 2883 2 of of IN 39142 2883 3 Princeton Princeton NNP 39142 2883 4 thinks think VBZ 39142 2883 5 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2883 6 probable probable JJ 39142 2883 7 that that IN 39142 2883 8 similar similar JJ 39142 2883 9 causes cause NNS 39142 2883 10 are be VBP 39142 2883 11 at at IN 39142 2883 12 work work NN 39142 2883 13 in in IN 39142 2883 14 all all PDT 39142 2883 15 these these DT 39142 2883 16 variables variable NNS 39142 2883 17 . . . 39142 2884 1 In in IN 39142 2884 2 the the DT 39142 2884 3 case case NN 39142 2884 4 of of IN 39142 2884 5 the the DT 39142 2884 6 typical typical JJ 39142 2884 7 Novæ Novæ NNP 39142 2884 8 there there EX 39142 2884 9 is be VBZ 39142 2884 10 evidence evidence NN 39142 2884 11 that that IN 39142 2884 12 when when WRB 39142 2884 13 the the DT 39142 2884 14 outburst outburst NN 39142 2884 15 takes take VBZ 39142 2884 16 place place NN 39142 2884 17 a a DT 39142 2884 18 shell shell NN 39142 2884 19 of of IN 39142 2884 20 incandescent incandescent NN 39142 2884 21 gas gas NN 39142 2884 22 is be VBZ 39142 2884 23 actually actually RB 39142 2884 24 ejected eject VBN 39142 2884 25 by by IN 39142 2884 26 the the DT 39142 2884 27 star star NN 39142 2884 28 at at IN 39142 2884 29 a a DT 39142 2884 30 very very RB 39142 2884 31 high high JJ 39142 2884 32 velocity velocity NN 39142 2884 33 . . . 39142 2885 1 What what WP 39142 2885 2 may may MD 39142 2885 3 be be VB 39142 2885 4 the the DT 39142 2885 5 forces force NNS 39142 2885 6 that that WDT 39142 2885 7 cause cause VBP 39142 2885 8 such such PDT 39142 2885 9 an an DT 39142 2885 10 explosion explosion NN 39142 2885 11 can can MD 39142 2885 12 only only RB 39142 2885 13 be be VB 39142 2885 14 guessed guess VBN 39142 2885 15 . . . 39142 2886 1 Repeated repeat VBN 39142 2886 2 outbursts outburst NNS 39142 2886 3 have have VBP 39142 2886 4 not not RB 39142 2886 5 , , , 39142 2886 6 in in IN 39142 2886 7 the the DT 39142 2886 8 case case NN 39142 2886 9 of of IN 39142 2886 10 T T NNP 39142 2886 11 Pyxidis Pyxidis NNP 39142 2886 12 , , , 39142 2886 13 destroyed destroy VBD 39142 2886 14 the the DT 39142 2886 15 star star NN 39142 2886 16 , , , 39142 2886 17 because because IN 39142 2886 18 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2886 19 has have VBZ 39142 2886 20 gone go VBN 39142 2886 21 through through IN 39142 2886 22 this this DT 39142 2886 23 process process NN 39142 2886 24 three three CD 39142 2886 25 times time NNS 39142 2886 26 in in IN 39142 2886 27 the the DT 39142 2886 28 past past JJ 39142 2886 29 thirty thirty CD 39142 2886 30 years year NNS 39142 2886 31 . . . 39142 2887 1 Russell Russell NNP 39142 2887 2 inclines incline VBZ 39142 2887 3 to to TO 39142 2887 4 regard regard VB 39142 2887 5 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2887 6 as as IN 39142 2887 7 a a DT 39142 2887 8 standard standard JJ 39142 2887 9 process process NN 39142 2887 10 occurring occur VBG 39142 2887 11 somewhere somewhere RB 39142 2887 12 in in IN 39142 2887 13 the the DT 39142 2887 14 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2887 15 universe universe NN 39142 2887 16 probably probably RB 39142 2887 17 as as RB 39142 2887 18 often often RB 39142 2887 19 as as IN 39142 2887 20 once once RB 39142 2887 21 a a DT 39142 2887 22 year year NN 39142 2887 23 . . . 39142 2888 1 Novæ Novæ NNP 39142 2888 2 , , , 39142 2888 3 then then RB 39142 2888 4 , , , 39142 2888 5 can can MD 39142 2888 6 not not RB 39142 2888 7 be be VB 39142 2888 8 due due IN 39142 2888 9 to to IN 39142 2888 10 collisions collision NNS 39142 2888 11 between between IN 39142 2888 12 two two CD 39142 2888 13 stars star NNS 39142 2888 14 , , , 39142 2888 15 for for IN 39142 2888 16 even even RB 39142 2888 17 if if IN 39142 2888 18 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2888 19 suppose suppose VBP 39142 2888 20 the the DT 39142 2888 21 stars star NNS 39142 2888 22 to to TO 39142 2888 23 be be VB 39142 2888 24 a a DT 39142 2888 25 thousand thousand CD 39142 2888 26 millions million NNS 39142 2888 27 in in IN 39142 2888 28 number number NN 39142 2888 29 , , , 39142 2888 30 no no DT 39142 2888 31 two two CD 39142 2888 32 should should MD 39142 2888 33 collide collide VB 39142 2888 34 except except IN 39142 2888 35 at at IN 39142 2888 36 average average JJ 39142 2888 37 intervals interval NNS 39142 2888 38 of of IN 39142 2888 39 many many JJ 39142 2888 40 million million CD 39142 2888 41 years year NNS 39142 2888 42 . . . 39142 2889 1 The the DT 39142 2889 2 idea idea NN 39142 2889 3 is be VBZ 39142 2889 4 gaining gain VBG 39142 2889 5 ground ground NN 39142 2889 6 that that IN 39142 2889 7 the the DT 39142 2889 8 stars star NNS 39142 2889 9 are be VBP 39142 2889 10 vast vast JJ 39142 2889 11 storehouses storehouse NNS 39142 2889 12 of of IN 39142 2889 13 energy energy NN 39142 2889 14 which which WDT 39142 2889 15 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2889 16 are be VBP 39142 2889 17 gradually gradually RB 39142 2889 18 transforming transform VBG 39142 2889 19 into into IN 39142 2889 20 heat heat NN 39142 2889 21 and and CC 39142 2889 22 radiating radiate VBG 39142 2889 23 into into IN 39142 2889 24 space space NN 39142 2889 25 . . . 39142 2890 1 " " `` 39142 2890 2 Under under IN 39142 2890 3 ordinary ordinary JJ 39142 2890 4 circumstances circumstance NNS 39142 2890 5 , , , 39142 2890 6 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2890 7 is be VBZ 39142 2890 8 probable probable JJ 39142 2890 9 that that IN 39142 2890 10 the the DT 39142 2890 11 rate rate NN 39142 2890 12 of of IN 39142 2890 13 generation generation NN 39142 2890 14 of of IN 39142 2890 15 heat heat NN 39142 2890 16 is be VBZ 39142 2890 17 automatically automatically RB 39142 2890 18 regulated regulate VBN 39142 2890 19 to to TO 39142 2890 20 balance balance VB 39142 2890 21 the the DT 39142 2890 22 loss loss NN 39142 2890 23 by by IN 39142 2890 24 radiation radiation NN 39142 2890 25 . . . 39142 2891 1 But but CC 39142 2891 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2891 3 is be VBZ 39142 2891 4 quite quite RB 39142 2891 5 conceivable conceivable JJ 39142 2891 6 that that IN 39142 2891 7 some some DT 39142 2891 8 sudden sudden JJ 39142 2891 9 disturbance disturbance NN 39142 2891 10 in in IN 39142 2891 11 the the DT 39142 2891 12 substance substance NN 39142 2891 13 of of IN 39142 2891 14 the the DT 39142 2891 15 star star NN 39142 2891 16 , , , 39142 2891 17 near near IN 39142 2891 18 the the DT 39142 2891 19 surface surface NN 39142 2891 20 , , , 39142 2891 21 might may MD 39142 2891 22 cause cause VB 39142 2891 23 an an DT 39142 2891 24 abrupt abrupt JJ 39142 2891 25 liberation liberation NN 39142 2891 26 of of IN 39142 2891 27 a a DT 39142 2891 28 great great JJ 39142 2891 29 amount amount NN 39142 2891 30 of of IN 39142 2891 31 energy energy NN 39142 2891 32 , , , 39142 2891 33 sufficient sufficient JJ 39142 2891 34 to to TO 39142 2891 35 heat heat VB 39142 2891 36 the the DT 39142 2891 37 surface surface NN 39142 2891 38 excessively excessively RB 39142 2891 39 , , , 39142 2891 40 and and CC 39142 2891 41 drive drive VB 39142 2891 42 the the DT 39142 2891 43 hot hot JJ 39142 2891 44 material material NN 39142 2891 45 off off RP 39142 2891 46 into into IN 39142 2891 47 infinite infinite JJ 39142 2891 48 space space NN 39142 2891 49 , , , 39142 2891 50 in in IN 39142 2891 51 much much RB 39142 2891 52 the the DT 39142 2891 53 form form NN 39142 2891 54 of of IN 39142 2891 55 a a DT 39142 2891 56 shell shell NN 39142 2891 57 of of IN 39142 2891 58 gas gas NN 39142 2891 59 , , , 39142 2891 60 as as IN 39142 2891 61 seems seem VBZ 39142 2891 62 to to TO 39142 2891 63 have have VB 39142 2891 64 been be VBN 39142 2891 65 observed observe VBN 39142 2891 66 in in IN 39142 2891 67 the the DT 39142 2891 68 case case NN 39142 2891 69 of of IN 39142 2891 70 Nova Nova NNP 39142 2891 71 Aquilæ Aquilæ NNP 39142 2891 72 .... .... . 39142 2891 73 With with IN 39142 2891 74 the the DT 39142 2891 75 rapid rapid JJ 39142 2891 76 advance advance NN 39142 2891 77 of of IN 39142 2891 78 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2891 79 knowledge knowledge NN 39142 2891 80 of of IN 39142 2891 81 the the DT 39142 2891 82 properties property NNS 39142 2891 83 of of IN 39142 2891 84 the the DT 39142 2891 85 stars star NNS 39142 2891 86 on on IN 39142 2891 87 one one CD 39142 2891 88 hand hand NN 39142 2891 89 , , , 39142 2891 90 and and CC 39142 2891 91 of of IN 39142 2891 92 the the DT 39142 2891 93 very very JJ 39142 2891 94 nuclei nucleus NNS 39142 2891 95 of of IN 39142 2891 96 atoms atom NNS 39142 2891 97 on on IN 39142 2891 98 the the DT 39142 2891 99 other other JJ 39142 2891 100 , , , 39142 2891 101 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2891 102 may may MD 39142 2891 103 , , , 39142 2891 104 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2891 105 before before IN 39142 2891 106 many many JJ 39142 2891 107 years year NNS 39142 2891 108 have have VBP 39142 2891 109 passed pass VBN 39142 2891 110 , , , 39142 2891 111 find find VB 39142 2891 112 ourselves -PRON- PRP 39142 2891 113 nearer nearer IN 39142 2891 114 a a DT 39142 2891 115 solution solution NN 39142 2891 116 of of IN 39142 2891 117 the the DT 39142 2891 118 problem problem NN 39142 2891 119 . . . 39142 2891 120 " " '' 39142 2892 1 The the DT 39142 2892 2 Cepheid Cepheid NNP 39142 2892 3 variables variable NNS 39142 2892 4 increase increase VBP 39142 2892 5 very very RB 39142 2892 6 rapidly rapidly RB 39142 2892 7 in in IN 39142 2892 8 brightness brightness NN 39142 2892 9 from from IN 39142 2892 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2892 11 least least JJS 39142 2892 12 light light NN 39142 2892 13 to to IN 39142 2892 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2892 15 maximum maximum NN 39142 2892 16 , , , 39142 2892 17 and and CC 39142 2892 18 then then RB 39142 2892 19 fade fade VB 39142 2892 20 out out RP 39142 2892 21 much much RB 39142 2892 22 more more RBR 39142 2892 23 slowly slowly RB 39142 2892 24 , , , 39142 2892 25 with with IN 39142 2892 26 certain certain JJ 39142 2892 27 irregularities irregularity NNS 39142 2892 28 or or CC 39142 2892 29 roughnesses roughness NNS 39142 2892 30 of of IN 39142 2892 31 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2892 32 light light JJ 39142 2892 33 - - HYPH 39142 2892 34 curves curve NNS 39142 2892 35 when when WRB 39142 2892 36 declining decline VBG 39142 2892 37 . . . 39142 2893 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2893 2 spectral spectral JJ 39142 2893 3 lines line NNS 39142 2893 4 also also RB 39142 2893 5 shift shift VBP 39142 2893 6 in in IN 39142 2893 7 period period NN 39142 2893 8 with with IN 39142 2893 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2893 10 variations variation NNS 39142 2893 11 of of IN 39142 2893 12 light light NN 39142 2893 13 . . . 39142 2894 1 In in IN 39142 2894 2 the the DT 39142 2894 3 case case NN 39142 2894 4 of of IN 39142 2894 5 these these DT 39142 2894 6 variables variable NNS 39142 2894 7 , , , 39142 2894 8 whose whose WP$ 39142 2894 9 regular regular JJ 39142 2894 10 fluctuation fluctuation NN 39142 2894 11 of of IN 39142 2894 12 light light NN 39142 2894 13 can can MD 39142 2894 14 not not RB 39142 2894 15 be be VB 39142 2894 16 due due JJ 39142 2894 17 to to IN 39142 2894 18 eclipse eclipse NN 39142 2894 19 , , , 39142 2894 20 and and CC 39142 2894 21 is be VBZ 39142 2894 22 as as IN 39142 2894 23 a a DT 39142 2894 24 rule rule NN 39142 2894 25 embraced embrace VBD 39142 2894 26 within within IN 39142 2894 27 a a DT 39142 2894 28 few few JJ 39142 2894 29 days day NNS 39142 2894 30 , , , 39142 2894 31 there there EX 39142 2894 32 is be VBZ 39142 2894 33 a a DT 39142 2894 34 fluctuation fluctuation NN 39142 2894 35 in in IN 39142 2894 36 color color NN 39142 2894 37 also also RB 39142 2894 38 between between IN 39142 2894 39 maximum maximum JJ 39142 2894 40 and and CC 39142 2894 41 minimum minimum NN 39142 2894 42 , , , 39142 2894 43 as as IN 39142 2894 44 if if IN 39142 2894 45 there there EX 39142 2894 46 were be VBD 39142 2894 47 a a DT 39142 2894 48 periodic periodic JJ 39142 2894 49 change change NN 39142 2894 50 in in IN 39142 2894 51 the the DT 39142 2894 52 star star NN 39142 2894 53 's 's POS 39142 2894 54 physical physical JJ 39142 2894 55 condition condition NN 39142 2894 56 . . . 39142 2895 1 Eddington Eddington NNP 39142 2895 2 and and CC 39142 2895 3 Shapley Shapley NNP 39142 2895 4 advocate advocate VBP 39142 2895 5 the the DT 39142 2895 6 theory theory NN 39142 2895 7 of of IN 39142 2895 8 a a DT 39142 2895 9 mechanical mechanical JJ 39142 2895 10 pulsation pulsation NN 39142 2895 11 of of IN 39142 2895 12 the the DT 39142 2895 13 star star NN 39142 2895 14 as as IN 39142 2895 15 most most RBS 39142 2895 16 plausible plausible JJ 39142 2895 17 . . . 39142 2896 1 Knowledge knowledge NN 39142 2896 2 of of IN 39142 2896 3 the the DT 39142 2896 4 internal internal JJ 39142 2896 5 conditions condition NNS 39142 2896 6 of of IN 39142 2896 7 the the DT 39142 2896 8 stars star NNS 39142 2896 9 make make VBP 39142 2896 10 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2896 11 possible possible JJ 39142 2896 12 to to TO 39142 2896 13 predict predict VB 39142 2896 14 the the DT 39142 2896 15 period period NN 39142 2896 16 of of IN 39142 2896 17 pulsation pulsation NN 39142 2896 18 within within IN 39142 2896 19 narrow narrow JJ 39142 2896 20 limits limit NNS 39142 2896 21 ; ; , 39142 2896 22 and and CC 39142 2896 23 for for IN 39142 2896 24 Delta Delta NNP 39142 2896 25 Cephei Cephei NNP 39142 2896 26 this this DT 39142 2896 27 theoretical theoretical JJ 39142 2896 28 period period NN 39142 2896 29 is be VBZ 39142 2896 30 between between IN 39142 2896 31 four four CD 39142 2896 32 and and CC 39142 2896 33 ten ten CD 39142 2896 34 days day NNS 39142 2896 35 . . . 39142 2897 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2897 2 observed observed JJ 39142 2897 3 period period NN 39142 2897 4 is be VBZ 39142 2897 5 five five CD 39142 2897 6 and and CC 39142 2897 7 one one CD 39142 2897 8 - - HYPH 39142 2897 9 third third NN 39142 2897 10 days day NNS 39142 2897 11 , , , 39142 2897 12 and and CC 39142 2897 13 corresponding corresponding JJ 39142 2897 14 agreement agreement NN 39142 2897 15 is be VBZ 39142 2897 16 found find VBN 39142 2897 17 in in IN 39142 2897 18 all all PDT 39142 2897 19 the the DT 39142 2897 20 Cepheids Cepheids NNPS 39142 2897 21 so so RB 39142 2897 22 far far RB 39142 2897 23 tested test VBN 39142 2897 24 . . . 39142 2898 1 Shapley Shapley NNP 39142 2898 2 of of IN 39142 2898 3 Mount Mount NNP 39142 2898 4 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 2898 5 finds find VBZ 39142 2898 6 that that IN 39142 2898 7 the the DT 39142 2898 8 Cepheid Cepheid NNP 39142 2898 9 variables variable NNS 39142 2898 10 with with IN 39142 2898 11 periods period NNS 39142 2898 12 exceeding exceed VBG 39142 2898 13 a a DT 39142 2898 14 day day NN 39142 2898 15 in in IN 39142 2898 16 length length NN 39142 2898 17 all all DT 39142 2898 18 lie lie NN 39142 2898 19 close close RB 39142 2898 20 to to IN 39142 2898 21 the the DT 39142 2898 22 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 2898 23 lane lane NN 39142 2898 24 . . . 39142 2899 1 So so RB 39142 2899 2 greatly greatly RB 39142 2899 3 have have VBP 39142 2899 4 the the DT 39142 2899 5 studies study NNS 39142 2899 6 of of IN 39142 2899 7 these these DT 39142 2899 8 objects object NNS 39142 2899 9 progressed progress VBD 39142 2899 10 that that IN 39142 2899 11 , , , 39142 2899 12 as as IN 39142 2899 13 before before IN 39142 2899 14 remarked remark VBN 39142 2899 15 , , , 39142 2899 16 when when WRB 39142 2899 17 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2899 18 know know VBP 39142 2899 19 the the DT 39142 2899 20 star star NN 39142 2899 21 's 's POS 39142 2899 22 period period NN 39142 2899 23 , , , 39142 2899 24 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2899 25 can can MD 39142 2899 26 get get VB 39142 2899 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2899 28 absolute absolute JJ 39142 2899 29 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2899 30 , , , 39142 2899 31 and and CC 39142 2899 32 from from IN 39142 2899 33 this this DT 39142 2899 34 the the DT 39142 2899 35 star star NN 39142 2899 36 's 's POS 39142 2899 37 distance distance NN 39142 2899 38 . . . 39142 2900 1 On on IN 39142 2900 2 all all DT 39142 2900 3 sides side NNS 39142 2900 4 of of IN 39142 2900 5 the the DT 39142 2900 6 sun sun NN 39142 2900 7 , , , 39142 2900 8 the the DT 39142 2900 9 distances distance NNS 39142 2900 10 of of IN 39142 2900 11 the the DT 39142 2900 12 Cepheids Cepheids NNP 39142 2900 13 range range VBP 39142 2900 14 up up IN 39142 2900 15 to to TO 39142 2900 16 4,000 4,000 CD 39142 2900 17 parsecs parsecs NN 39142 2900 18 . . . 39142 2901 1 So so RB 39142 2901 2 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2901 3 indicate indicate VBP 39142 2901 4 the the DT 39142 2901 5 existence existence NN 39142 2901 6 of of IN 39142 2901 7 a a DT 39142 2901 8 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 2901 9 system system NN 39142 2901 10 far far RB 39142 2901 11 greater great JJR 39142 2901 12 in in IN 39142 2901 13 extent extent NN 39142 2901 14 than than IN 39142 2901 15 any any DT 39142 2901 16 previously previously RB 39142 2901 17 dealt deal VBN 39142 2901 18 with with IN 39142 2901 19 . . . 39142 2902 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39142 2902 2 LII LII NNP 39142 2902 3 THE the DT 39142 2902 4 NOVÆ NOVÆ NNP 39142 2902 5 , , , 39142 2902 6 OR or CC 39142 2902 7 NEW new JJ 39142 2902 8 STARS star NNS 39142 2902 9 New new JJ 39142 2902 10 stars star NNS 39142 2902 11 , , , 39142 2902 12 or or CC 39142 2902 13 temporary temporary JJ 39142 2902 14 stars star NNS 39142 2902 15 , , , 39142 2902 16 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2902 17 have have VBP 39142 2902 18 already already RB 39142 2902 19 mentioned mention VBN 39142 2902 20 in in IN 39142 2902 21 connection connection NN 39142 2902 22 with with IN 39142 2902 23 variables variable NNS 39142 2902 24 . . . 39142 2903 1 They -PRON- PRP 39142 2903 2 are be VBP 39142 2903 3 , , , 39142 2903 4 next next RB 39142 2903 5 to to IN 39142 2903 6 comets comet NNS 39142 2903 7 , , , 39142 2903 8 the the DT 39142 2903 9 most most RBS 39142 2903 10 dramatic dramatic JJ 39142 2903 11 objects object NNS 39142 2903 12 in in IN 39142 2903 13 the the DT 39142 2903 14 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 2903 15 . . . 39142 2904 1 They -PRON- PRP 39142 2904 2 may may MD 39142 2904 3 be be VB 39142 2904 4 variable variable JJ 39142 2904 5 stars star NNS 39142 2904 6 which which WDT 39142 2904 7 , , , 39142 2904 8 in in IN 39142 2904 9 a a DT 39142 2904 10 brief brief JJ 39142 2904 11 period period NN 39142 2904 12 , , , 39142 2904 13 increase increase VB 39142 2904 14 enormously enormously RB 39142 2904 15 in in IN 39142 2904 16 brightness brightness NN 39142 2904 17 , , , 39142 2904 18 and and CC 39142 2904 19 then then RB 39142 2904 20 slowly slowly RB 39142 2904 21 wane wane VBP 39142 2904 22 and and CC 39142 2904 23 disappear disappear VBP 39142 2904 24 entirely entirely RB 39142 2904 25 , , , 39142 2904 26 or or CC 39142 2904 27 remain remain VBP 39142 2904 28 of of IN 39142 2904 29 a a DT 39142 2904 30 very very RB 39142 2904 31 faint faint JJ 39142 2904 32 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2904 33 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2904 34 . . . 39142 2905 1 In in IN 39142 2905 2 the the DT 39142 2905 3 ancient ancient JJ 39142 2905 4 historical historical JJ 39142 2905 5 records record NNS 39142 2905 6 are be VBP 39142 2905 7 found find VBN 39142 2905 8 accounts account NNS 39142 2905 9 of of IN 39142 2905 10 several several JJ 39142 2905 11 such such JJ 39142 2905 12 stars star NNS 39142 2905 13 . . . 39142 2906 1 For for IN 39142 2906 2 instance instance NN 39142 2906 3 , , , 39142 2906 4 in in IN 39142 2906 5 the the DT 39142 2906 6 Chinese chinese JJ 39142 2906 7 annals annal NNS 39142 2906 8 there there EX 39142 2906 9 is be VBZ 39142 2906 10 an an DT 39142 2906 11 allusion allusion NN 39142 2906 12 to to IN 39142 2906 13 such such PDT 39142 2906 14 a a DT 39142 2906 15 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2906 16 outburst outburst NN 39142 2906 17 in in IN 39142 2906 18 the the DT 39142 2906 19 constellation constellation NN 39142 2906 20 of of IN 39142 2906 21 Scorpio Scorpio NNP 39142 2906 22 , , , 39142 2906 23 B. B. NNP 39142 2906 24 C. C. NNP 39142 2906 25 134 134 CD 39142 2906 26 . . . 39142 2907 1 This this DT 39142 2907 2 was be VBD 39142 2907 3 observed observe VBN 39142 2907 4 also also RB 39142 2907 5 by by IN 39142 2907 6 Hipparchus Hipparchus NNP 39142 2907 7 and and CC 39142 2907 8 , , , 39142 2907 9 no no RB 39142 2907 10 doubt doubt RB 39142 2907 11 , , , 39142 2907 12 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2907 13 was be VBD 39142 2907 14 the the DT 39142 2907 15 immediate immediate JJ 39142 2907 16 incentive incentive NN 39142 2907 17 which which WDT 39142 2907 18 led lead VBD 39142 2907 19 to to IN 39142 2907 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2907 21 construction construction NN 39142 2907 22 of of IN 39142 2907 23 the the DT 39142 2907 24 first first JJ 39142 2907 25 known know VBN 39142 2907 26 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 2907 27 of of IN 39142 2907 28 stars star NNS 39142 2907 29 , , , 39142 2907 30 so so IN 39142 2907 31 that that IN 39142 2907 32 similar similar JJ 39142 2907 33 happenings happening NNS 39142 2907 34 might may MD 39142 2907 35 be be VB 39142 2907 36 detected detect VBN 39142 2907 37 in in IN 39142 2907 38 the the DT 39142 2907 39 future future NN 39142 2907 40 . . . 39142 2908 1 In in IN 39142 2908 2 November November NNP 39142 2908 3 , , , 39142 2908 4 1572 1572 CD 39142 2908 5 , , , 39142 2908 6 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 2908 7 Brahe Brahe NNP 39142 2908 8 observed observe VBD 39142 2908 9 the the DT 39142 2908 10 most most RBS 39142 2908 11 famous famous JJ 39142 2908 12 of of IN 39142 2908 13 all all DT 39142 2908 14 new new JJ 39142 2908 15 stars star NNS 39142 2908 16 , , , 39142 2908 17 which which WDT 39142 2908 18 blazed blaze VBD 39142 2908 19 out out RP 39142 2908 20 in in IN 39142 2908 21 the the DT 39142 2908 22 constellation constellation NN 39142 2908 23 Cassiopeia cassiopeia NN 39142 2908 24 . . . 39142 2909 1 In in IN 39142 2909 2 something something NN 39142 2909 3 over over IN 39142 2909 4 a a DT 39142 2909 5 year year NN 39142 2909 6 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2909 7 had have VBD 39142 2909 8 completely completely RB 39142 2909 9 disappeared disappear VBN 39142 2909 10 . . . 39142 2910 1 In in IN 39142 2910 2 1604 1604 CD 39142 2910 3 - - SYM 39142 2910 4 1605 1605 CD 39142 2910 5 a a DT 39142 2910 6 new new JJ 39142 2910 7 star star NN 39142 2910 8 of of IN 39142 2910 9 equal equal JJ 39142 2910 10 brightness brightness NN 39142 2910 11 was be VBD 39142 2910 12 seen see VBN 39142 2910 13 in in IN 39142 2910 14 Ophiuchus Ophiuchus NNP 39142 2910 15 by by IN 39142 2910 16 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 2910 17 ; ; : 39142 2910 18 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2910 19 also also RB 39142 2910 20 faded fade VBD 39142 2910 21 out out RP 39142 2910 22 to to IN 39142 2910 23 invisibility invisibility NN 39142 2910 24 in in IN 39142 2910 25 1606 1606 CD 39142 2910 26 . . . 39142 2911 1 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 2911 2 and and CC 39142 2911 3 Tycho Tycho NNP 39142 2911 4 printed print VBD 39142 2911 5 very very RB 39142 2911 6 complete complete JJ 39142 2911 7 records record NNS 39142 2911 8 of of IN 39142 2911 9 these these DT 39142 2911 10 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 2911 11 objects object NNS 39142 2911 12 . . . 39142 2912 1 The the DT 39142 2912 2 eighteenth eighteenth JJ 39142 2912 3 century century NN 39142 2912 4 passed pass VBD 39142 2912 5 without without IN 39142 2912 6 any any DT 39142 2912 7 new new JJ 39142 2912 8 stars star NNS 39142 2912 9 being be VBG 39142 2912 10 seen see VBN 39142 2912 11 or or CC 39142 2912 12 recorded record VBN 39142 2912 13 . . . 39142 2913 1 There there EX 39142 2913 2 was be VBD 39142 2913 3 one one CD 39142 2913 4 of of IN 39142 2913 5 the the DT 39142 2913 6 fifth fifth JJ 39142 2913 7 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2913 8 in in IN 39142 2913 9 1848 1848 CD 39142 2913 10 , , , 39142 2913 11 and and CC 39142 2913 12 another another DT 39142 2913 13 of of IN 39142 2913 14 the the DT 39142 2913 15 seventh seventh JJ 39142 2913 16 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2913 17 in in IN 39142 2913 18 1860 1860 CD 39142 2913 19 ; ; : 39142 2913 20 and and CC 39142 2913 21 in in IN 39142 2913 22 May May NNP 39142 2913 23 , , , 39142 2913 24 1866 1866 CD 39142 2913 25 , , , 39142 2913 26 a a DT 39142 2913 27 star star NN 39142 2913 28 of of IN 39142 2913 29 the the DT 39142 2913 30 second second JJ 39142 2913 31 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2913 32 suddenly suddenly RB 39142 2913 33 made make VBD 39142 2913 34 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2913 35 appearance appearance NN 39142 2913 36 in in IN 39142 2913 37 Corona Corona NNP 39142 2913 38 Borealis Borealis NNP 39142 2913 39 ; ; : 39142 2913 40 and and CC 39142 2913 41 one one CD 39142 2913 42 of of IN 39142 2913 43 the the DT 39142 2913 44 third third JJ 39142 2913 45 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2913 46 in in IN 39142 2913 47 Cygnus Cygnus NNP 39142 2913 48 in in IN 39142 2913 49 November November NNP 39142 2913 50 , , , 39142 2913 51 1876 1876 CD 39142 2913 52 . . . 39142 2914 1 The the DT 39142 2914 2 latter latter JJ 39142 2914 3 was be VBD 39142 2914 4 fully fully RB 39142 2914 5 observed observe VBN 39142 2914 6 by by IN 39142 2914 7 Schmidt Schmidt NNP 39142 2914 8 of of IN 39142 2914 9 Athens Athens NNP 39142 2914 10 and and CC 39142 2914 11 became become VBD 39142 2914 12 a a DT 39142 2914 13 faint faint JJ 39142 2914 14 telescopic telescopic NN 39142 2914 15 star star NN 39142 2914 16 within within IN 39142 2914 17 a a DT 39142 2914 18 few few JJ 39142 2914 19 weeks week NNS 39142 2914 20 . . . 39142 2915 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 2915 2 is be VBZ 39142 2915 3 now now RB 39142 2915 4 of of IN 39142 2915 5 the the DT 39142 2915 6 fifteenth fifteenth JJ 39142 2915 7 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2915 8 . . . 39142 2916 1 In in IN 39142 2916 2 1885 1885 CD 39142 2916 3 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2916 4 were be VBD 39142 2916 5 surprised surprised JJ 39142 2916 6 to to TO 39142 2916 7 find find VB 39142 2916 8 suddenly suddenly RB 39142 2916 9 a a DT 39142 2916 10 new new JJ 39142 2916 11 star star NN 39142 2916 12 of of IN 39142 2916 13 the the DT 39142 2916 14 sixth sixth JJ 39142 2916 15 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2916 16 very very RB 39142 2916 17 close close RB 39142 2916 18 to to IN 39142 2916 19 the the DT 39142 2916 20 brightest bright JJS 39142 2916 21 part part NN 39142 2916 22 of of IN 39142 2916 23 the the DT 39142 2916 24 great great JJ 39142 2916 25 nebula nebula NN 39142 2916 26 in in IN 39142 2916 27 Andromeda Andromeda NNP 39142 2916 28 ; ; : 39142 2916 29 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2916 30 ran run VBD 39142 2916 31 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2916 32 course course NN 39142 2916 33 in in IN 39142 2916 34 about about RB 39142 2916 35 six six CD 39142 2916 36 months month NNS 39142 2916 37 , , , 39142 2916 38 fading fade VBG 39142 2916 39 with with IN 39142 2916 40 many many JJ 39142 2916 41 fluctuations fluctuation NNS 39142 2916 42 in in IN 39142 2916 43 brightness brightness NN 39142 2916 44 , , , 39142 2916 45 and and CC 39142 2916 46 no no DT 39142 2916 47 star star NN 39142 2916 48 is be VBZ 39142 2916 49 now now RB 39142 2916 50 visible visible JJ 39142 2916 51 in in IN 39142 2916 52 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2916 53 position position NN 39142 2916 54 even even RB 39142 2916 55 with with IN 39142 2916 56 the the DT 39142 2916 57 telescope telescope NN 39142 2916 58 . . . 39142 2917 1 Stars star NNS 39142 2917 2 of of IN 39142 2917 3 this this DT 39142 2917 4 class class NN 39142 2917 5 are be VBP 39142 2917 6 known know VBN 39142 2917 7 to to IN 39142 2917 8 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2917 9 as as IN 39142 2917 10 Novæ Novæ NNP 39142 2917 11 , , , 39142 2917 12 usually usually RB 39142 2917 13 with with IN 39142 2917 14 the the DT 39142 2917 15 genitive genitive NN 39142 2917 16 of of IN 39142 2917 17 the the DT 39142 2917 18 constellation constellation NN 39142 2917 19 name name NN 39142 2917 20 , , , 39142 2917 21 as as IN 39142 2917 22 Nova Nova NNP 39142 2917 23 Andromedæ Andromedæ NNP 39142 2917 24 . . . 39142 2918 1 In in IN 39142 2918 2 1891 1891 CD 39142 2918 3 - - SYM 39142 2918 4 1892 1892 CD 39142 2918 5 Nova Nova NNP 39142 2918 6 Aurigæ Aurigæ NNP 39142 2918 7 made make VBD 39142 2918 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2918 9 spectacular spectacular JJ 39142 2918 10 appearance appearance NN 39142 2918 11 and and CC 39142 2918 12 yielded yield VBD 39142 2918 13 a a DT 39142 2918 14 distinctly distinctly RB 39142 2918 15 double double JJ 39142 2918 16 and and CC 39142 2918 17 complex complex JJ 39142 2918 18 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 2918 19 for for IN 39142 2918 20 more more JJR 39142 2918 21 than than IN 39142 2918 22 a a DT 39142 2918 23 month month NN 39142 2918 24 . . . 39142 2919 1 Many many JJ 39142 2919 2 pairs pair NNS 39142 2919 3 of of IN 39142 2919 4 lines line NNS 39142 2919 5 indicated indicate VBD 39142 2919 6 a a DT 39142 2919 7 community community NN 39142 2919 8 of of IN 39142 2919 9 origin origin NN 39142 2919 10 as as IN 39142 2919 11 to to TO 39142 2919 12 substance substance VB 39142 2919 13 , , , 39142 2919 14 and and CC 39142 2919 15 accurate accurate JJ 39142 2919 16 measurement measurement NN 39142 2919 17 showed show VBD 39142 2919 18 a a DT 39142 2919 19 large large JJ 39142 2919 20 displacement displacement NN 39142 2919 21 with with IN 39142 2919 22 a a DT 39142 2919 23 relative relative JJ 39142 2919 24 velocity velocity NN 39142 2919 25 of of IN 39142 2919 26 more more JJR 39142 2919 27 than than IN 39142 2919 28 500 500 CD 39142 2919 29 miles mile NNS 39142 2919 30 per per IN 39142 2919 31 second second NN 39142 2919 32 . . . 39142 2920 1 For for IN 39142 2920 2 each each DT 39142 2920 3 bright bright JJ 39142 2920 4 hydrogen hydrogen NN 39142 2920 5 line line NN 39142 2920 6 displaced displace VBN 39142 2920 7 toward toward IN 39142 2920 8 the the DT 39142 2920 9 red red NN 39142 2920 10 there there EX 39142 2920 11 was be VBD 39142 2920 12 a a DT 39142 2920 13 dark dark JJ 39142 2920 14 companion companion NN 39142 2920 15 line line NN 39142 2920 16 or or CC 39142 2920 17 band band NN 39142 2920 18 about about IN 39142 2920 19 equally equally RB 39142 2920 20 displaced displace VBN 39142 2920 21 toward toward IN 39142 2920 22 the the DT 39142 2920 23 violet violet NN 39142 2920 24 much much RB 39142 2920 25 as as IN 39142 2920 26 if if IN 39142 2920 27 the the DT 39142 2920 28 weird weird JJ 39142 2920 29 light light NN 39142 2920 30 of of IN 39142 2920 31 Nova Nova NNP 39142 2920 32 Aurigæ Aurigæ NNP 39142 2920 33 originated originate VBD 39142 2920 34 in in IN 39142 2920 35 a a DT 39142 2920 36 solid solid JJ 39142 2920 37 globe globe NN 39142 2920 38 moving move VBG 39142 2920 39 swiftly swiftly RB 39142 2920 40 away away RB 39142 2920 41 from from IN 39142 2920 42 us -PRON- PRP 39142 2920 43 and and CC 39142 2920 44 plunging plunge VBG 39142 2920 45 into into IN 39142 2920 46 an an DT 39142 2920 47 irregular irregular JJ 39142 2920 48 nebulous nebulous JJ 39142 2920 49 mass mass NN 39142 2920 50 as as IN 39142 2920 51 swiftly swiftly RB 39142 2920 52 approaching approach VBG 39142 2920 53 us -PRON- PRP 39142 2920 54 . . . 39142 2921 1 Parallax parallax NN 39142 2921 2 observations observation NNS 39142 2921 3 of of IN 39142 2921 4 Nova Nova NNP 39142 2921 5 Aurigæ Aurigæ NNP 39142 2921 6 made make VBD 39142 2921 7 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2921 8 immensely immensely RB 39142 2921 9 remote remote JJ 39142 2921 10 , , , 39142 2921 11 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2921 12 within within IN 39142 2921 13 the the DT 39142 2921 14 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 2921 15 , , , 39142 2921 16 and and CC 39142 2921 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2921 18 still still RB 39142 2921 19 exists exist VBZ 39142 2921 20 as as IN 39142 2921 21 a a DT 39142 2921 22 faint faint JJ 39142 2921 23 nebulous nebulous JJ 39142 2921 24 star star NN 39142 2921 25 . . . 39142 2922 1 In in IN 39142 2922 2 February February NNP 39142 2922 3 , , , 39142 2922 4 1901 1901 CD 39142 2922 5 , , , 39142 2922 6 in in IN 39142 2922 7 the the DT 39142 2922 8 constellation constellation NN 39142 2922 9 Perseus Perseus NNP 39142 2922 10 appeared appear VBD 39142 2922 11 the the DT 39142 2922 12 most most RBS 39142 2922 13 brilliant brilliant JJ 39142 2922 14 nova nova NN 39142 2922 15 of of IN 39142 2922 16 recent recent JJ 39142 2922 17 years year NNS 39142 2922 18 . . . 39142 2923 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 2923 2 was be VBD 39142 2923 3 first first RB 39142 2923 4 discovered discover VBN 39142 2923 5 by by IN 39142 2923 6 Dr. Dr. NNP 39142 2923 7 Anderson Anderson NNP 39142 2923 8 , , , 39142 2923 9 an an DT 39142 2923 10 amateur amateur NN 39142 2923 11 of of IN 39142 2923 12 Glasgow Glasgow NNP 39142 2923 13 , , , 39142 2923 14 and and CC 39142 2923 15 at at IN 39142 2923 16 maximum maximum NN 39142 2923 17 on on IN 39142 2923 18 February February NNP 39142 2923 19 23 23 CD 39142 2923 20 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2923 21 outshone outshine VBD 39142 2923 22 Capella Capella NNP 39142 2923 23 . . . 39142 2924 1 There there EX 39142 2924 2 were be VBD 39142 2924 3 many many JJ 39142 2924 4 unusual unusual JJ 39142 2924 5 fluctuations fluctuation NNS 39142 2924 6 in in IN 39142 2924 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2924 8 waning wane VBG 39142 2924 9 brightness brightness NN 39142 2924 10 . . . 39142 2925 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2925 2 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 2925 3 closely closely RB 39142 2925 4 resembled resemble VBD 39142 2925 5 that that DT 39142 2925 6 of of IN 39142 2925 7 Nova Nova NNP 39142 2925 8 Aurigæ Aurigæ NNP 39142 2925 9 , , , 39142 2925 10 with with IN 39142 2925 11 calcium calcium NN 39142 2925 12 , , , 39142 2925 13 helium helium NN 39142 2925 14 , , , 39142 2925 15 and and CC 39142 2925 16 hydrogen hydrogen NN 39142 2925 17 lines line NNS 39142 2925 18 . . . 39142 2926 1 In in IN 39142 2926 2 August August NNP 39142 2926 3 , , , 39142 2926 4 1901 1901 CD 39142 2926 5 , , , 39142 2926 6 an an DT 39142 2926 7 enveloping envelop VBG 39142 2926 8 nebula nebula NN 39142 2926 9 was be VBD 39142 2926 10 discovered discover VBN 39142 2926 11 , , , 39142 2926 12 and and CC 39142 2926 13 a a DT 39142 2926 14 month month NN 39142 2926 15 later later RB 39142 2926 16 certain certain JJ 39142 2926 17 wisps wisp NNS 39142 2926 18 of of IN 39142 2926 19 this this DT 39142 2926 20 nebulosity nebulosity NN 39142 2926 21 appeared appear VBD 39142 2926 22 to to TO 39142 2926 23 have have VB 39142 2926 24 moved move VBN 39142 2926 25 bodily bodily RB 39142 2926 26 , , , 39142 2926 27 at at IN 39142 2926 28 a a DT 39142 2926 29 speed speed NN 39142 2926 30 seventy seventy CD 39142 2926 31 - - HYPH 39142 2926 32 fold fold RB 39142 2926 33 greater great JJR 39142 2926 34 than than IN 39142 2926 35 ever ever RB 39142 2926 36 previously previously RB 39142 2926 37 observed observe VBN 39142 2926 38 in in IN 39142 2926 39 the the DT 39142 2926 40 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2926 41 universe universe NN 39142 2926 42 . . . 39142 2927 1 According accord VBG 39142 2927 2 to to IN 39142 2927 3 Sir Sir NNP 39142 2927 4 Norman Norman NNP 39142 2927 5 Lockyer Lockyer NNP 39142 2927 6 's 's POS 39142 2927 7 meteoritic meteoritic JJ 39142 2927 8 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 2927 9 , , , 39142 2927 10 a a DT 39142 2927 11 vast vast JJ 39142 2927 12 nebulous nebulous JJ 39142 2927 13 region region NN 39142 2927 14 was be VBD 39142 2927 15 invaded invade VBN 39142 2927 16 , , , 39142 2927 17 not not RB 39142 2927 18 by by IN 39142 2927 19 one one CD 39142 2927 20 but but CC 39142 2927 21 by by IN 39142 2927 22 many many JJ 39142 2927 23 meteor meteor JJ 39142 2927 24 swarms swarm NNS 39142 2927 25 , , , 39142 2927 26 under under IN 39142 2927 27 conditions condition NNS 39142 2927 28 such such JJ 39142 2927 29 that that IN 39142 2927 30 the the DT 39142 2927 31 effects effect NNS 39142 2927 32 of of IN 39142 2927 33 collision collision NN 39142 2927 34 varied vary VBD 39142 2927 35 greatly greatly RB 39142 2927 36 in in IN 39142 2927 37 intensity intensity NN 39142 2927 38 . . . 39142 2928 1 The the DT 39142 2928 2 most most RBS 39142 2928 3 violent violent JJ 39142 2928 4 of of IN 39142 2928 5 these these DT 39142 2928 6 collisions collision NNS 39142 2928 7 gave give VBD 39142 2928 8 birth birth NN 39142 2928 9 to to IN 39142 2928 10 Nova Nova NNP 39142 2928 11 Persei Persei NNP 39142 2928 12 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 2928 13 , , , 39142 2928 14 and and CC 39142 2928 15 the the DT 39142 2928 16 least least RBS 39142 2928 17 violent violent JJ 39142 2928 18 occurred occur VBD 39142 2928 19 subsequently subsequently RB 39142 2928 20 in in IN 39142 2928 21 other other JJ 39142 2928 22 parts part NNS 39142 2928 23 of of IN 39142 2928 24 the the DT 39142 2928 25 disturbed disturb VBN 39142 2928 26 nebula nebula NNP 39142 2928 27 , , , 39142 2928 28 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2928 29 immeasurably immeasurably RB 39142 2928 30 removed remove VBN 39142 2928 31 . . . 39142 2929 1 This this DT 39142 2929 2 explanation explanation NN 39142 2929 3 would would MD 39142 2929 4 avoid avoid VB 39142 2929 5 the the DT 39142 2929 6 necessity necessity NN 39142 2929 7 of of IN 39142 2929 8 supposing suppose VBG 39142 2929 9 actual actual JJ 39142 2929 10 motion motion NN 39142 2929 11 of of IN 39142 2929 12 matter matter NN 39142 2929 13 through through IN 39142 2929 14 space space NN 39142 2929 15 at at IN 39142 2929 16 velocities velocity NNS 39142 2929 17 heretofore heretofore RB 39142 2929 18 unobserved unobserved JJ 39142 2929 19 and and CC 39142 2929 20 inconceivably inconceivably RB 39142 2929 21 high high JJ 39142 2929 22 . . . 39142 2930 1 A a DT 39142 2930 2 recent recent JJ 39142 2930 3 photograph photograph NN 39142 2930 4 of of IN 39142 2930 5 Nova Nova NNP 39142 2930 6 Persei Persei NNP 39142 2930 7 , , , 39142 2930 8 by by IN 39142 2930 9 Ritchey Ritchey NNP 39142 2930 10 , , , 39142 2930 11 reveals reveal VBZ 39142 2930 12 a a DT 39142 2930 13 nebulous nebulous JJ 39142 2930 14 ring ring NN 39142 2930 15 of of IN 39142 2930 16 regular regular JJ 39142 2930 17 structure structure NN 39142 2930 18 surrounding surround VBG 39142 2930 19 the the DT 39142 2930 20 star star NN 39142 2930 21 . . . 39142 2931 1 The the DT 39142 2931 2 great great JJ 39142 2931 3 power power NN 39142 2931 4 of of IN 39142 2931 5 the the DT 39142 2931 6 60-inch 60-inch CD 39142 2931 7 has have VBZ 39142 2931 8 made make VBN 39142 2931 9 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2931 10 possible possible JJ 39142 2931 11 to to TO 39142 2931 12 photograph photograph VB 39142 2931 13 even even RB 39142 2931 14 the the DT 39142 2931 15 spectra spectra NN 39142 2931 16 of of IN 39142 2931 17 many many JJ 39142 2931 18 of of IN 39142 2931 19 the the DT 39142 2931 20 novæ novæ NN 39142 2931 21 of of IN 39142 2931 22 years year NNS 39142 2931 23 ago ago RB 39142 2931 24 which which WDT 39142 2931 25 are be VBP 39142 2931 26 now now RB 39142 2931 27 very very RB 39142 2931 28 faint faint JJ 39142 2931 29 . . . 39142 2932 1 After after IN 39142 2932 2 the the DT 39142 2932 3 lapse lapse NN 39142 2932 4 of of IN 39142 2932 5 years year NNS 39142 2932 6 the the DT 39142 2932 7 characteristic characteristic JJ 39142 2932 8 lines line NNS 39142 2932 9 of of IN 39142 2932 10 the the DT 39142 2932 11 nebular nebular JJ 39142 2932 12 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 2932 13 generally generally RB 39142 2932 14 vanish vanish VBP 39142 2932 15 , , , 39142 2932 16 as as IN 39142 2932 17 if if IN 39142 2932 18 the the DT 39142 2932 19 star star NN 39142 2932 20 had have VBD 39142 2932 21 passed pass VBN 39142 2932 22 out out IN 39142 2932 23 of of IN 39142 2932 24 the the DT 39142 2932 25 nebula nebula NN 39142 2932 26 -- -- : 39142 2932 27 a a DT 39142 2932 28 plunge plunge NN 39142 2932 29 into into IN 39142 2932 30 which which WDT 39142 2932 31 is be VBZ 39142 2932 32 generally generally RB 39142 2932 33 thought think VBN 39142 2932 34 to to TO 39142 2932 35 be be VB 39142 2932 36 the the DT 39142 2932 37 cause cause NN 39142 2932 38 of of IN 39142 2932 39 the the DT 39142 2932 40 great great JJ 39142 2932 41 and and CC 39142 2932 42 sudden sudden JJ 39142 2932 43 outburst outburst NN 39142 2932 44 of of IN 39142 2932 45 light light NN 39142 2932 46 . . . 39142 2933 1 Many many JJ 39142 2933 2 novæ novæ NN 39142 2933 3 have have VBP 39142 2933 4 recently recently RB 39142 2933 5 been be VBN 39142 2933 6 found find VBN 39142 2933 7 in in IN 39142 2933 8 the the DT 39142 2933 9 spiral spiral JJ 39142 2933 10 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 2933 11 , , , 39142 2933 12 especially especially RB 39142 2933 13 in in IN 39142 2933 14 the the DT 39142 2933 15 great great JJ 39142 2933 16 nebula nebula NN 39142 2933 17 of of IN 39142 2933 18 Andromeda Andromeda NNP 39142 2933 19 . . . 39142 2934 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 2934 2 LIII LIII NNP 39142 2934 3 THE the DT 39142 2934 4 DOUBLE DOUBLE NNP 39142 2934 5 STARS star NNS 39142 2934 6 Examining examine VBG 39142 2934 7 individual individual JJ 39142 2934 8 stars star NNS 39142 2934 9 of of IN 39142 2934 10 the the DT 39142 2934 11 heavens heaven NNS 39142 2934 12 more more RBR 39142 2934 13 in in IN 39142 2934 14 detail detail NN 39142 2934 15 , , , 39142 2934 16 thousands thousand NNS 39142 2934 17 of of IN 39142 2934 18 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2934 19 are be VBP 39142 2934 20 found find VBN 39142 2934 21 to to TO 39142 2934 22 be be VB 39142 2934 23 double double JJ 39142 2934 24 ; ; : 39142 2934 25 not not RB 39142 2934 26 the the DT 39142 2934 27 stars star NNS 39142 2934 28 that that WDT 39142 2934 29 appear appear VBP 39142 2934 30 double double JJ 39142 2934 31 to to IN 39142 2934 32 the the DT 39142 2934 33 naked naked JJ 39142 2934 34 eye eye NN 39142 2934 35 , , , 39142 2934 36 as as IN 39142 2934 37 Theta Theta NNP 39142 2934 38 Tauri Tauri NNP 39142 2934 39 , , , 39142 2934 40 Mizar Mizar NNP 39142 2934 41 , , , 39142 2934 42 Epsilon Epsilon NNP 39142 2934 43 Lyræ Lyræ NNP 39142 2934 44 , , , 39142 2934 45 and and CC 39142 2934 46 others other NNS 39142 2934 47 ; ; : 39142 2934 48 but but CC 39142 2934 49 pairs pair NNS 39142 2934 50 of of IN 39142 2934 51 stars star NNS 39142 2934 52 much much RB 39142 2934 53 closer close RBR 39142 2934 54 together together RB 39142 2934 55 , , , 39142 2934 56 and and CC 39142 2934 57 requiring require VBG 39142 2934 58 the the DT 39142 2934 59 power power NN 39142 2934 60 of of IN 39142 2934 61 the the DT 39142 2934 62 telescope telescope NN 39142 2934 63 to to TO 39142 2934 64 divide divide VB 39142 2934 65 or or CC 39142 2934 66 separate separate VB 39142 2934 67 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2934 68 . . . 39142 2935 1 Only only RB 39142 2935 2 a a DT 39142 2935 3 very very RB 39142 2935 4 few few JJ 39142 2935 5 seconds second NNS 39142 2935 6 apart apart RB 39142 2935 7 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2935 8 are be VBP 39142 2935 9 or or CC 39142 2935 10 , , , 39142 2935 11 in in IN 39142 2935 12 many many JJ 39142 2935 13 cases case NNS 39142 2935 14 , , , 39142 2935 15 only only RB 39142 2935 16 the the DT 39142 2935 17 merest mere JJS 39142 2935 18 fraction fraction NN 39142 2935 19 of of IN 39142 2935 20 a a DT 39142 2935 21 second second NN 39142 2935 22 of of IN 39142 2935 23 arc arc NN 39142 2935 24 . . . 39142 2936 1 Some some DT 39142 2936 2 of of IN 39142 2936 3 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2936 4 , , , 39142 2936 5 called call VBN 39142 2936 6 binaries binary NNS 39142 2936 7 , , , 39142 2936 8 are be VBP 39142 2936 9 found find VBN 39142 2936 10 to to TO 39142 2936 11 be be VB 39142 2936 12 revolving revolve VBG 39142 2936 13 around around IN 39142 2936 14 a a DT 39142 2936 15 common common JJ 39142 2936 16 center center NN 39142 2936 17 , , , 39142 2936 18 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 2936 19 in in IN 39142 2936 20 only only RB 39142 2936 21 a a DT 39142 2936 22 few few JJ 39142 2936 23 years year NNS 39142 2936 24 , , , 39142 2936 25 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 2936 26 in in IN 39142 2936 27 stately stately JJ 39142 2936 28 periods period NNS 39142 2936 29 of of IN 39142 2936 30 hundreds hundred NNS 39142 2936 31 of of IN 39142 2936 32 years year NNS 39142 2936 33 . . . 39142 2937 1 Many many JJ 39142 2937 2 such such JJ 39142 2937 3 binary binary JJ 39142 2937 4 systems system NNS 39142 2937 5 are be VBP 39142 2937 6 now now RB 39142 2937 7 known know VBN 39142 2937 8 , , , 39142 2937 9 and and CC 39142 2937 10 the the DT 39142 2937 11 number number NN 39142 2937 12 is be VBZ 39142 2937 13 constantly constantly RB 39142 2937 14 increasing increase VBG 39142 2937 15 . . . 39142 2938 1 Castor castor NN 39142 2938 2 is be VBZ 39142 2938 3 one one CD 39142 2938 4 , , , 39142 2938 5 Gamma Gamma NNP 39142 2938 6 Virginis Virginis NNP 39142 2938 7 another another DT 39142 2938 8 , , , 39142 2938 9 Sirius Sirius NNP 39142 2938 10 also also RB 39142 2938 11 is be VBZ 39142 2938 12 one one CD 39142 2938 13 of of IN 39142 2938 14 these these DT 39142 2938 15 binaries binary NNS 39142 2938 16 , , , 39142 2938 17 and and CC 39142 2938 18 a a DT 39142 2938 19 most most RBS 39142 2938 20 interesting interesting JJ 39142 2938 21 one one NN 39142 2938 22 , , , 39142 2938 23 having have VBG 39142 2938 24 a a DT 39142 2938 25 period period NN 39142 2938 26 of of IN 39142 2938 27 revolution revolution NN 39142 2938 28 of of IN 39142 2938 29 about about RB 39142 2938 30 52 52 CD 39142 2938 31 years year NNS 39142 2938 32 . . . 39142 2939 1 Aitken aitken JJ 39142 2939 2 , , , 39142 2939 3 of of IN 39142 2939 4 the the DT 39142 2939 5 Lick Lick NNP 39142 2939 6 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 2939 7 , , , 39142 2939 8 in in IN 39142 2939 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2939 10 work work NN 39142 2939 11 on on IN 39142 2939 12 binary binary JJ 39142 2939 13 stars star NNS 39142 2939 14 , , , 39142 2939 15 directs direct VBZ 39142 2939 16 special special JJ 39142 2939 17 attention attention NN 39142 2939 18 to to IN 39142 2939 19 the the DT 39142 2939 20 correlation correlation NN 39142 2939 21 between between IN 39142 2939 22 the the DT 39142 2939 23 elements element NNS 39142 2939 24 of of IN 39142 2939 25 known know VBN 39142 2939 26 binary binary JJ 39142 2939 27 orbits orbit NNS 39142 2939 28 and and CC 39142 2939 29 the the DT 39142 2939 30 star star NN 39142 2939 31 's 's POS 39142 2939 32 spectral spectral JJ 39142 2939 33 type type NN 39142 2939 34 , , , 39142 2939 35 and and CC 39142 2939 36 presents present VBZ 39142 2939 37 a a DT 39142 2939 38 statistical statistical JJ 39142 2939 39 study study NN 39142 2939 40 of of IN 39142 2939 41 the the DT 39142 2939 42 distribution distribution NN 39142 2939 43 of of IN 39142 2939 44 54,000 54,000 CD 39142 2939 45 visual visual JJ 39142 2939 46 double double JJ 39142 2939 47 stars star NNS 39142 2939 48 , , , 39142 2939 49 of of IN 39142 2939 50 which which WDT 39142 2939 51 the the DT 39142 2939 52 spectra spectra NN 39142 2939 53 of of IN 39142 2939 54 3919 3919 CD 39142 2939 55 are be VBP 39142 2939 56 known know VBN 39142 2939 57 . . . 39142 2940 1 That that IN 39142 2940 2 the the DT 39142 2940 3 masses masse NNS 39142 2940 4 of of IN 39142 2940 5 binary binary JJ 39142 2940 6 systems system NNS 39142 2940 7 average average VBP 39142 2940 8 about about RB 39142 2940 9 twice twice PDT 39142 2940 10 that that DT 39142 2940 11 of of IN 39142 2940 12 the the DT 39142 2940 13 sun sun NN 39142 2940 14 's 's POS 39142 2940 15 mass mass NN 39142 2940 16 has have VBZ 39142 2940 17 long long RB 39142 2940 18 been be VBN 39142 2940 19 known know VBN 39142 2940 20 , , , 39142 2940 21 and and CC 39142 2940 22 this this DT 39142 2940 23 fact fact NN 39142 2940 24 can can MD 39142 2940 25 be be VB 39142 2940 26 employed employ VBN 39142 2940 27 with with IN 39142 2940 28 confidence confidence NN 39142 2940 29 in in IN 39142 2940 30 estimates estimate NNS 39142 2940 31 of of IN 39142 2940 32 the the DT 39142 2940 33 probable probable JJ 39142 2940 34 parallax parallax NN 39142 2940 35 of of IN 39142 2940 36 these these DT 39142 2940 37 systems system NNS 39142 2940 38 . . . 39142 2941 1 Aitken Aitken NNP 39142 2941 2 applies apply VBZ 39142 2941 3 the the DT 39142 2941 4 test test NN 39142 2941 5 to to TO 39142 2941 6 fourteen fourteen CD 39142 2941 7 visual visual JJ 39142 2941 8 systems system NNS 39142 2941 9 for for IN 39142 2941 10 which which WDT 39142 2941 11 the the DT 39142 2941 12 necessary necessary JJ 39142 2941 13 data datum NNS 39142 2941 14 are be VBP 39142 2941 15 available available JJ 39142 2941 16 , , , 39142 2941 17 and and CC 39142 2941 18 deduces deduce NNS 39142 2941 19 for for IN 39142 2941 20 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2941 21 a a DT 39142 2941 22 mean mean JJ 39142 2941 23 mass mass NN 39142 2941 24 of of IN 39142 2941 25 1.76 1.76 CD 39142 2941 26 times time NNS 39142 2941 27 that that DT 39142 2941 28 of of IN 39142 2941 29 the the DT 39142 2941 30 sun sun NN 39142 2941 31 . . . 39142 2942 1 For for IN 39142 2942 2 the the DT 39142 2942 3 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 2942 4 binaries binarie VBZ 39142 2942 5 the the DT 39142 2942 6 masses masse NNS 39142 2942 7 are be VBP 39142 2942 8 much much RB 39142 2942 9 greater great JJR 39142 2942 10 . . . 39142 2943 1 Triple triple JJ 39142 2943 2 , , , 39142 2943 3 quadruple quadruple NN 39142 2943 4 and and CC 39142 2943 5 multiple multiple JJ 39142 2943 6 stars star NNS 39142 2943 7 are be VBP 39142 2943 8 less less RBR 39142 2943 9 frequent frequent JJ 39142 2943 10 ; ; : 39142 2943 11 but but CC 39142 2943 12 many many JJ 39142 2943 13 exceedingly exceedingly RB 39142 2943 14 interesting interesting JJ 39142 2943 15 objects object NNS 39142 2943 16 of of IN 39142 2943 17 this this DT 39142 2943 18 class class NN 39142 2943 19 exist exist VBP 39142 2943 20 . . . 39142 2944 1 Epsilon Epsilon NNP 39142 2944 2 Lyræ Lyræ NNP 39142 2944 3 is be VBZ 39142 2944 4 one one CD 39142 2944 5 , , , 39142 2944 6 a a DT 39142 2944 7 double double JJ 39142 2944 8 - - HYPH 39142 2944 9 double double JJ 39142 2944 10 , , , 39142 2944 11 or or CC 39142 2944 12 four four CD 39142 2944 13 stars star NNS 39142 2944 14 as as IN 39142 2944 15 seen see VBN 39142 2944 16 with with IN 39142 2944 17 slender slend JJR 39142 2944 18 telescopic telescopic NNP 39142 2944 19 power power NN 39142 2944 20 , , , 39142 2944 21 and and CC 39142 2944 22 six six CD 39142 2944 23 or or CC 39142 2944 24 seven seven CD 39142 2944 25 stars star NNS 39142 2944 26 with with IN 39142 2944 27 larger large JJR 39142 2944 28 instruments instrument NNS 39142 2944 29 . . . 39142 2945 1 Sigma Sigma NNP 39142 2945 2 Orionis Orionis NNP 39142 2945 3 and and CC 39142 2945 4 12 12 CD 39142 2945 5 Lyncis lynci NNS 39142 2945 6 , , , 39142 2945 7 also also RB 39142 2945 8 Theta Theta NNP 39142 2945 9 Cancri Cancri NNP 39142 2945 10 and and CC 39142 2945 11 Mu Mu NNP 39142 2945 12 Bootis Bootis NNP 39142 2945 13 are be VBP 39142 2945 14 good good JJ 39142 2945 15 examples example NNS 39142 2945 16 of of IN 39142 2945 17 triple triple JJ 39142 2945 18 stars star NNS 39142 2945 19 . . . 39142 2946 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 2946 2 LIV LIV NNP 39142 2946 3 THE the DT 39142 2946 4 STAR STAR NNP 39142 2946 5 CLUSTERS cluster NNS 39142 2946 6 From from IN 39142 2946 7 multiple multiple JJ 39142 2946 8 stars star NNS 39142 2946 9 the the DT 39142 2946 10 transition transition NN 39142 2946 11 is be VBZ 39142 2946 12 natural natural JJ 39142 2946 13 to to TO 39142 2946 14 star star VB 39142 2946 15 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2946 16 although although IN 39142 2946 17 the the DT 39142 2946 18 gap gap NN 39142 2946 19 between between IN 39142 2946 20 these these DT 39142 2946 21 types type NNS 39142 2946 22 of of IN 39142 2946 23 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2946 24 objects object NNS 39142 2946 25 is be VBZ 39142 2946 26 very very RB 39142 2946 27 broad broad JJ 39142 2946 28 . . . 39142 2947 1 The the DT 39142 2947 2 familiar familiar JJ 39142 2947 3 group group NN 39142 2947 4 of of IN 39142 2947 5 the the DT 39142 2947 6 winter winter NN 39142 2947 7 sky sky NN 39142 2947 8 known know VBN 39142 2947 9 as as IN 39142 2947 10 the the DT 39142 2947 11 Pleiades Pleiades NNP 39142 2947 12 is be VBZ 39142 2947 13 a a DT 39142 2947 14 loose loose JJ 39142 2947 15 cluster cluster NN 39142 2947 16 , , , 39142 2947 17 showing show VBG 39142 2947 18 relatively relatively RB 39142 2947 19 very very RB 39142 2947 20 few few JJ 39142 2947 21 stars star NNS 39142 2947 22 even even RB 39142 2947 23 in in IN 39142 2947 24 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 2947 25 or or CC 39142 2947 26 on on IN 39142 2947 27 photographic photographic JJ 39142 2947 28 plates plate NNS 39142 2947 29 . . . 39142 2948 1 The the DT 39142 2948 2 " " `` 39142 2948 3 Beehive Beehive NNP 39142 2948 4 , , , 39142 2948 5 " " '' 39142 2948 6 or or CC 39142 2948 7 cluster cluster NN 39142 2948 8 known know VBN 39142 2948 9 as as IN 39142 2948 10 Praesepe Praesepe NNP 39142 2948 11 in in IN 39142 2948 12 Cancer Cancer NNP 39142 2948 13 , , , 39142 2948 14 and and CC 39142 2948 15 a a DT 39142 2948 16 double double JJ 39142 2948 17 group group NN 39142 2948 18 in in IN 39142 2948 19 the the DT 39142 2948 20 sword sword NN 39142 2948 21 - - HYPH 39142 2948 22 handle handle NN 39142 2948 23 of of IN 39142 2948 24 Perseus Perseus NNP 39142 2948 25 , , , 39142 2948 26 both both DT 39142 2948 27 just just RB 39142 2948 28 visible visible JJ 39142 2948 29 to to IN 39142 2948 30 the the DT 39142 2948 31 naked naked JJ 39142 2948 32 eye eye NN 39142 2948 33 , , , 39142 2948 34 are be VBP 39142 2948 35 excellent excellent JJ 39142 2948 36 examples example NNS 39142 2948 37 of of IN 39142 2948 38 star star NN 39142 2948 39 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2948 40 of of IN 39142 2948 41 the the DT 39142 2948 42 average average JJ 39142 2948 43 type type NN 39142 2948 44 . . . 39142 2949 1 When when WRB 39142 2949 2 the the DT 39142 2949 3 moon moon NN 39142 2949 4 is be VBZ 39142 2949 5 absent absent JJ 39142 2949 6 , , , 39142 2949 7 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2949 8 are be VBP 39142 2949 9 easily easily RB 39142 2949 10 recognized recognize VBN 39142 2949 11 without without IN 39142 2949 12 a a DT 39142 2949 13 telescope telescope NN 39142 2949 14 as as IN 39142 2949 15 little little JJ 39142 2949 16 patches patch NNS 39142 2949 17 of of IN 39142 2949 18 nebulous nebulous JJ 39142 2949 19 light light NN 39142 2949 20 ; ; : 39142 2949 21 but but CC 39142 2949 22 every every DT 39142 2949 23 increase increase NN 39142 2949 24 of of IN 39142 2949 25 optical optical JJ 39142 2949 26 power power NN 39142 2949 27 adds add VBZ 39142 2949 28 to to IN 39142 2949 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2949 30 magnificence magnificence NN 39142 2949 31 . . . 39142 2950 1 Then then RB 39142 2950 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2950 3 come come VBP 39142 2950 4 in in IN 39142 2950 5 regular regular JJ 39142 2950 6 succession succession NN 39142 2950 7 to to IN 39142 2950 8 the the DT 39142 2950 9 truly truly RB 39142 2950 10 marvelous marvelous JJ 39142 2950 11 globular globular JJ 39142 2950 12 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2950 13 , , , 39142 2950 14 that that IN 39142 2950 15 for for IN 39142 2950 16 instance instance NN 39142 2950 17 in in IN 39142 2950 18 Hercules Hercules NNP 39142 2950 19 . . . 39142 2951 1 Messier Messier NNP 39142 2951 2 13 13 CD 39142 2951 3 , , , 39142 2951 4 a a DT 39142 2951 5 recent recent JJ 39142 2951 6 photograph photograph NN 39142 2951 7 of of IN 39142 2951 8 which which WDT 39142 2951 9 , , , 39142 2951 10 taken take VBN 39142 2951 11 by by IN 39142 2951 12 Ritchey Ritchey NNP 39142 2951 13 with with IN 39142 2951 14 the the DT 39142 2951 15 60-inch 60-inch CD 39142 2951 16 reflector reflector NN 39142 2951 17 on on IN 39142 2951 18 Mount Mount NNP 39142 2951 19 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 2951 20 , , , 39142 2951 21 reveals reveal VBZ 39142 2951 22 an an DT 39142 2951 23 aggregation aggregation NN 39142 2951 24 of of IN 39142 2951 25 more more JJR 39142 2951 26 than than IN 39142 2951 27 50,000 50,000 CD 39142 2951 28 stars star NNS 39142 2951 29 . . . 39142 2952 1 But but CC 39142 2952 2 the the DT 39142 2952 3 finest fine JJS 39142 2952 4 specimens specimen NNS 39142 2952 5 are be VBP 39142 2952 6 in in IN 39142 2952 7 the the DT 39142 2952 8 southern southern JJ 39142 2952 9 hemisphere hemisphere NN 39142 2952 10 . . . 39142 2953 1 Sir Sir NNP 39142 2953 2 John John NNP 39142 2953 3 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 2953 4 spent spend VBD 39142 2953 5 much much JJ 39142 2953 6 time time NN 39142 2953 7 investigating investigate VBG 39142 2953 8 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2953 9 nearly nearly RB 39142 2953 10 a a DT 39142 2953 11 century century NN 39142 2953 12 ago ago RB 39142 2953 13 at at IN 39142 2953 14 the the DT 39142 2953 15 Cape Cape NNP 39142 2953 16 of of IN 39142 2953 17 Good Good NNP 39142 2953 18 Hope Hope NNP 39142 2953 19 . . . 39142 2954 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2954 2 description description NN 39142 2954 3 of of IN 39142 2954 4 the the DT 39142 2954 5 cluster cluster NN 39142 2954 6 in in IN 39142 2954 7 the the DT 39142 2954 8 constellation constellation NN 39142 2954 9 of of IN 39142 2954 10 Centaurus Centaurus NNP 39142 2954 11 is be VBZ 39142 2954 12 as as IN 39142 2954 13 follows follow VBZ 39142 2954 14 : : : 39142 2954 15 " " `` 39142 2954 16 The the DT 39142 2954 17 noble noble JJ 39142 2954 18 globular globular JJ 39142 2954 19 cluster cluster NN 39142 2954 20 Omega Omega NNP 39142 2954 21 Centauri Centauri NNP 39142 2954 22 is be VBZ 39142 2954 23 beyond beyond IN 39142 2954 24 all all DT 39142 2954 25 comparison comparison NN 39142 2954 26 the the DT 39142 2954 27 richest rich JJS 39142 2954 28 and and CC 39142 2954 29 largest large JJS 39142 2954 30 object object NN 39142 2954 31 of of IN 39142 2954 32 the the DT 39142 2954 33 kind kind NN 39142 2954 34 in in IN 39142 2954 35 the the DT 39142 2954 36 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 2954 37 . . . 39142 2955 1 The the DT 39142 2955 2 stars star NNS 39142 2955 3 are be VBP 39142 2955 4 literally literally RB 39142 2955 5 innumerable innumerable JJ 39142 2955 6 , , , 39142 2955 7 and and CC 39142 2955 8 as as IN 39142 2955 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2955 10 total total JJ 39142 2955 11 light light NN 39142 2955 12 when when WRB 39142 2955 13 received receive VBN 39142 2955 14 by by IN 39142 2955 15 the the DT 39142 2955 16 naked naked JJ 39142 2955 17 eye eye NN 39142 2955 18 affects affect VBZ 39142 2955 19 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2955 20 hardly hardly RB 39142 2955 21 more more RBR 39142 2955 22 than than IN 39142 2955 23 a a DT 39142 2955 24 star star NN 39142 2955 25 of of IN 39142 2955 26 the the DT 39142 2955 27 fifth fifth JJ 39142 2955 28 or or CC 39142 2955 29 fourth fourth JJ 39142 2955 30 to to IN 39142 2955 31 fifth fifth JJ 39142 2955 32 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2955 33 , , , 39142 2955 34 the the DT 39142 2955 35 minuteness minuteness NN 39142 2955 36 of of IN 39142 2955 37 each each DT 39142 2955 38 star star NN 39142 2955 39 may may MD 39142 2955 40 be be VB 39142 2955 41 imagined imagine VBN 39142 2955 42 . . . 39142 2955 43 " " '' 39142 2956 1 Others other NNS 39142 2956 2 of of IN 39142 2956 3 these these DT 39142 2956 4 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2956 5 are be VBP 39142 2956 6 so so RB 39142 2956 7 remote remote JJ 39142 2956 8 that that IN 39142 2956 9 the the DT 39142 2956 10 separate separate JJ 39142 2956 11 stars star NNS 39142 2956 12 are be VBP 39142 2956 13 not not RB 39142 2956 14 distinguishable distinguishable JJ 39142 2956 15 , , , 39142 2956 16 especially especially RB 39142 2956 17 at at IN 39142 2956 18 the the DT 39142 2956 19 center center NN 39142 2956 20 , , , 39142 2956 21 and and CC 39142 2956 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2956 23 distances distance NNS 39142 2956 24 are be VBP 39142 2956 25 entirely entirely RB 39142 2956 26 beyond beyond IN 39142 2956 27 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2956 28 present present JJ 39142 2956 29 powers power NNS 39142 2956 30 of of IN 39142 2956 31 direct direct JJ 39142 2956 32 measurement measurement NN 39142 2956 33 , , , 39142 2956 34 although although IN 39142 2956 35 methods method NNS 39142 2956 36 of of IN 39142 2956 37 estimating estimate VBG 39142 2956 38 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2956 39 are be VBP 39142 2956 40 in in IN 39142 2956 41 process process NN 39142 2956 42 of of IN 39142 2956 43 development development NN 39142 2956 44 . . . 39142 2957 1 If if IN 39142 2957 2 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 2957 3 is be VBZ 39142 2957 4 regnant regnant JJ 39142 2957 5 among among IN 39142 2957 6 the the DT 39142 2957 7 uncounted uncounted JJ 39142 2957 8 components component NNS 39142 2957 9 of of IN 39142 2957 10 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2957 11 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2957 12 , , , 39142 2957 13 as as RB 39142 2957 14 doubtless doubtless JJ 39142 2957 15 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2957 16 is be VBZ 39142 2957 17 , , , 39142 2957 18 these these DT 39142 2957 19 stars star NNS 39142 2957 20 must must MD 39142 2957 21 be be VB 39142 2957 22 in in IN 39142 2957 23 rapid rapid JJ 39142 2957 24 motion motion NN 39142 2957 25 , , , 39142 2957 26 although although IN 39142 2957 27 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2957 28 photographs photograph NNS 39142 2957 29 of of IN 39142 2957 30 measurements measurement NNS 39142 2957 31 have have VBP 39142 2957 32 been be VBN 39142 2957 33 made make VBN 39142 2957 34 too too RB 39142 2957 35 recently recently RB 39142 2957 36 for for IN 39142 2957 37 us -PRON- PRP 39142 2957 38 to to TO 39142 2957 39 detect detect VB 39142 2957 40 even even RB 39142 2957 41 the the DT 39142 2957 42 slightest slight JJS 39142 2957 43 motion motion NN 39142 2957 44 in in IN 39142 2957 45 any any DT 39142 2957 46 of of IN 39142 2957 47 the the DT 39142 2957 48 component component NN 39142 2957 49 stars star NNS 39142 2957 50 of of IN 39142 2957 51 a a DT 39142 2957 52 cluster cluster NN 39142 2957 53 . . . 39142 2958 1 The the DT 39142 2958 2 only only JJ 39142 2958 3 variations variation NNS 39142 2958 4 are be VBP 39142 2958 5 changes change NNS 39142 2958 6 of of IN 39142 2958 7 apparent apparent JJ 39142 2958 8 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2958 9 , , , 39142 2958 10 of of IN 39142 2958 11 a a DT 39142 2958 12 type type NN 39142 2958 13 first first RB 39142 2958 14 detected detect VBN 39142 2958 15 in in IN 39142 2958 16 a a DT 39142 2958 17 large large JJ 39142 2958 18 number number NN 39142 2958 19 of of IN 39142 2958 20 stars star NNS 39142 2958 21 in in IN 39142 2958 22 Omega Omega NNP 39142 2958 23 Centauri Centauri NNP 39142 2958 24 , , , 39142 2958 25 by by IN 39142 2958 26 Bailey Bailey NNP 39142 2958 27 of of IN 39142 2958 28 Harvard Harvard NNP 39142 2958 29 , , , 39142 2958 30 who who WP 39142 2958 31 by by IN 39142 2958 32 comparison comparison NN 39142 2958 33 of of IN 39142 2958 34 photographs photograph NNS 39142 2958 35 of of IN 39142 2958 36 the the DT 39142 2958 37 globular globular JJ 39142 2958 38 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2958 39 was be VBD 39142 2958 40 the the DT 39142 2958 41 first first JJ 39142 2958 42 to to TO 39142 2958 43 find find VB 39142 2958 44 variable variable JJ 39142 2958 45 stars star NNS 39142 2958 46 quite quite RB 39142 2958 47 numerous numerous JJ 39142 2958 48 in in IN 39142 2958 49 these these DT 39142 2958 50 objects object NNS 39142 2958 51 . . . 39142 2959 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2959 2 unexplained unexplained JJ 39142 2959 3 variations variation NNS 39142 2959 4 of of IN 39142 2959 5 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2959 6 take take VB 39142 2959 7 place place NN 39142 2959 8 with with IN 39142 2959 9 great great JJ 39142 2959 10 rapidity rapidity NN 39142 2959 11 , , , 39142 2959 12 often often RB 39142 2959 13 within within IN 39142 2959 14 a a DT 39142 2959 15 few few JJ 39142 2959 16 hours hour NNS 39142 2959 17 . . . 39142 2960 1 There there EX 39142 2960 2 are be VBP 39142 2960 3 about about RB 39142 2960 4 a a DT 39142 2960 5 hundred hundred CD 39142 2960 6 of of IN 39142 2960 7 these these DT 39142 2960 8 globular globular JJ 39142 2960 9 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2960 10 , , , 39142 2960 11 and and CC 39142 2960 12 the the DT 39142 2960 13 radial radial JJ 39142 2960 14 velocities velocity NNS 39142 2960 15 of of IN 39142 2960 16 ten ten CD 39142 2960 17 of of IN 39142 2960 18 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2960 19 have have VBP 39142 2960 20 been be VBN 39142 2960 21 measured measure VBN 39142 2960 22 by by IN 39142 2960 23 Slipher Slipher NNP 39142 2960 24 and and CC 39142 2960 25 found find VBN 39142 2960 26 to to TO 39142 2960 27 range range VB 39142 2960 28 from from IN 39142 2960 29 a a DT 39142 2960 30 recession recession NN 39142 2960 31 of of IN 39142 2960 32 410 410 CD 39142 2960 33 to to IN 39142 2960 34 an an DT 39142 2960 35 approach approach NN 39142 2960 36 of of IN 39142 2960 37 225 225 CD 39142 2960 38 kilometers kilometer NNS 39142 2960 39 per per IN 39142 2960 40 second second NN 39142 2960 41 . . . 39142 2961 1 These these DT 39142 2961 2 excessive excessive JJ 39142 2961 3 velocities velocity NNS 39142 2961 4 are be VBP 39142 2961 5 comparable comparable JJ 39142 2961 6 with with IN 39142 2961 7 those those DT 39142 2961 8 found find VBN 39142 2961 9 for for IN 39142 2961 10 the the DT 39142 2961 11 spiral spiral JJ 39142 2961 12 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 2961 13 . . . 39142 2962 1 Shapley Shapley NNP 39142 2962 2 has have VBZ 39142 2962 3 estimated estimate VBN 39142 2962 4 the the DT 39142 2962 5 distances distance NNS 39142 2962 6 of of IN 39142 2962 7 many many JJ 39142 2962 8 of of IN 39142 2962 9 these these DT 39142 2962 10 bodies body NNS 39142 2962 11 , , , 39142 2962 12 which which WDT 39142 2962 13 contain contain VBP 39142 2962 14 a a DT 39142 2962 15 large large JJ 39142 2962 16 number number NN 39142 2962 17 of of IN 39142 2962 18 variable variable JJ 39142 2962 19 stars star NNS 39142 2962 20 of of IN 39142 2962 21 the the DT 39142 2962 22 Cepheid Cepheid NNP 39142 2962 23 type type NN 39142 2962 24 . . . 39142 2963 1 By by IN 39142 2963 2 assuming assume VBG 39142 2963 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2963 4 absolute absolute JJ 39142 2963 5 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 2963 6 equal equal JJ 39142 2963 7 to to IN 39142 2963 8 those those DT 39142 2963 9 of of IN 39142 2963 10 similar similar JJ 39142 2963 11 Cepheids cepheid NNS 39142 2963 12 at at IN 39142 2963 13 known know VBN 39142 2963 14 distances distance NNS 39142 2963 15 , , , 39142 2963 16 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2963 17 finds find VBZ 39142 2963 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2963 19 distance distance NN 39142 2963 20 represented represent VBN 39142 2963 21 by by IN 39142 2963 22 the the DT 39142 2963 23 inconceivably inconceivably RB 39142 2963 24 minute minute JJ 39142 2963 25 parallax parallax NN 39142 2963 26 of of IN 39142 2963 27 0".00012 0".00012 NNP 39142 2963 28 , , , 39142 2963 29 corresponding correspond VBG 39142 2963 30 to to IN 39142 2963 31 30,000 30,000 CD 39142 2963 32 light light NN 39142 2963 33 - - HYPH 39142 2963 34 years year NNS 39142 2963 35 . . . 39142 2964 1 This this DT 39142 2964 2 research research NN 39142 2964 3 also also RB 39142 2964 4 places place VBZ 39142 2964 5 the the DT 39142 2964 6 globular globular JJ 39142 2964 7 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2964 8 far far RB 39142 2964 9 outside outside RB 39142 2964 10 and and CC 39142 2964 11 independent independent JJ 39142 2964 12 of of IN 39142 2964 13 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2964 14 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 2964 15 system system NN 39142 2964 16 of of IN 39142 2964 17 stars star NNS 39142 2964 18 . . . 39142 2965 1 The the DT 39142 2965 2 distribution distribution NN 39142 2965 3 of of IN 39142 2965 4 the the DT 39142 2965 5 globular globular JJ 39142 2965 6 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2965 7 has have VBZ 39142 2965 8 also also RB 39142 2965 9 been be VBN 39142 2965 10 investigated investigate VBN 39142 2965 11 , , , 39142 2965 12 and and CC 39142 2965 13 these these DT 39142 2965 14 interesting interesting JJ 39142 2965 15 objects object NNS 39142 2965 16 are be VBP 39142 2965 17 found find VBN 39142 2965 18 almost almost RB 39142 2965 19 exclusively exclusively RB 39142 2965 20 in in IN 39142 2965 21 but but CC 39142 2965 22 one one CD 39142 2965 23 hemisphere hemisphere NN 39142 2965 24 of of IN 39142 2965 25 the the DT 39142 2965 26 sky sky NN 39142 2965 27 . . . 39142 2966 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2966 2 center center NN 39142 2966 3 lies lie VBZ 39142 2966 4 in in IN 39142 2966 5 the the DT 39142 2966 6 rich rich JJ 39142 2966 7 star star NN 39142 2966 8 clouds cloud NNS 39142 2966 9 of of IN 39142 2966 10 Scorpio Scorpio NNP 39142 2966 11 and and CC 39142 2966 12 Sagittarius Sagittarius NNP 39142 2966 13 . . . 39142 2967 1 Success success NN 39142 2967 2 in in IN 39142 2967 3 finding find VBG 39142 2967 4 the the DT 39142 2967 5 distances distance NNS 39142 2967 6 of of IN 39142 2967 7 these these DT 39142 2967 8 objects object NNS 39142 2967 9 has have VBZ 39142 2967 10 made make VBN 39142 2967 11 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2967 12 possible possible JJ 39142 2967 13 to to TO 39142 2967 14 form form VB 39142 2967 15 a a DT 39142 2967 16 general general JJ 39142 2967 17 idea idea NN 39142 2967 18 of of IN 39142 2967 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2967 20 distribution distribution NN 39142 2967 21 in in IN 39142 2967 22 three three CD 39142 2967 23 - - HYPH 39142 2967 24 dimensional dimensional JJ 39142 2967 25 space space NN 39142 2967 26 . . . 39142 2968 1 The the DT 39142 2968 2 numerous numerous JJ 39142 2968 3 variable variable JJ 39142 2968 4 stars star NNS 39142 2968 5 in in IN 39142 2968 6 any any DT 39142 2968 7 one one CD 39142 2968 8 cluster cluster NN 39142 2968 9 are be VBP 39142 2968 10 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 2968 11 for for IN 39142 2968 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2968 13 uniformity uniformity NN 39142 2968 14 . . . 39142 2969 1 Accepting accept VBG 39142 2969 2 variables variable NNS 39142 2969 3 of of IN 39142 2969 4 this this DT 39142 2969 5 type type NN 39142 2969 6 as as IN 39142 2969 7 a a DT 39142 2969 8 constant constant JJ 39142 2969 9 standard standard NN 39142 2969 10 of of IN 39142 2969 11 absolute absolute JJ 39142 2969 12 brightness brightness NN 39142 2969 13 , , , 39142 2969 14 and and CC 39142 2969 15 assuming assume VBG 39142 2969 16 that that IN 39142 2969 17 the the DT 39142 2969 18 differences difference NNS 39142 2969 19 of of IN 39142 2969 20 average average JJ 39142 2969 21 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2969 22 of of IN 39142 2969 23 the the DT 39142 2969 24 variables variable NNS 39142 2969 25 in in IN 39142 2969 26 different different JJ 39142 2969 27 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2969 28 are be VBP 39142 2969 29 entirely entirely RB 39142 2969 30 due due JJ 39142 2969 31 to to IN 39142 2969 32 differences difference NNS 39142 2969 33 of of IN 39142 2969 34 distance distance NN 39142 2969 35 , , , 39142 2969 36 the the DT 39142 2969 37 relative relative JJ 39142 2969 38 distances distance NNS 39142 2969 39 of of IN 39142 2969 40 many many JJ 39142 2969 41 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2969 42 were be VBD 39142 2969 43 ascertained ascertain VBN 39142 2969 44 with with IN 39142 2969 45 considerable considerable JJ 39142 2969 46 accuracy accuracy NN 39142 2969 47 . . . 39142 2970 1 Then then RB 39142 2970 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2970 3 was be VBD 39142 2970 4 found find VBN 39142 2970 5 that that IN 39142 2970 6 the the DT 39142 2970 7 average average JJ 39142 2970 8 absolute absolute JJ 39142 2970 9 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2970 10 of of IN 39142 2970 11 the the DT 39142 2970 12 twenty twenty CD 39142 2970 13 - - HYPH 39142 2970 14 five five CD 39142 2970 15 brightest bright JJS 39142 2970 16 stars star NNS 39142 2970 17 in in IN 39142 2970 18 a a DT 39142 2970 19 cluster cluster NN 39142 2970 20 is be VBZ 39142 2970 21 also also RB 39142 2970 22 a a DT 39142 2970 23 uniform uniform JJ 39142 2970 24 standard standard NN 39142 2970 25 , , , 39142 2970 26 or or CC 39142 2970 27 about about RB 39142 2970 28 1.3 1.3 CD 39142 2970 29 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 2970 30 brighter bright JJR 39142 2970 31 than than IN 39142 2970 32 the the DT 39142 2970 33 mean mean JJ 39142 2970 34 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2970 35 of of IN 39142 2970 36 the the DT 39142 2970 37 variables variable NNS 39142 2970 38 . . . 39142 2971 1 This this DT 39142 2971 2 new new JJ 39142 2971 3 standard standard NN 39142 2971 4 was be VBD 39142 2971 5 employed employ VBN 39142 2971 6 in in IN 39142 2971 7 ascertaining ascertain VBG 39142 2971 8 the the DT 39142 2971 9 distances distance NNS 39142 2971 10 of of IN 39142 2971 11 other other JJ 39142 2971 12 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2971 13 not not RB 39142 2971 14 containing contain VBG 39142 2971 15 many many JJ 39142 2971 16 variables variable NNS 39142 2971 17 . . . 39142 2972 1 Shapley Shapley NNP 39142 2972 2 further further RB 39142 2972 3 shows show VBZ 39142 2972 4 that that IN 39142 2972 5 the the DT 39142 2972 6 linear linear JJ 39142 2972 7 dimensions dimension NNS 39142 2972 8 of of IN 39142 2972 9 the the DT 39142 2972 10 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2972 11 are be VBP 39142 2972 12 nearly nearly RB 39142 2972 13 uniform uniform JJ 39142 2972 14 , , , 39142 2972 15 and and CC 39142 2972 16 the the DT 39142 2972 17 proper proper JJ 39142 2972 18 relative relative JJ 39142 2972 19 positions position NNS 39142 2972 20 in in IN 39142 2972 21 space space NN 39142 2972 22 are be VBP 39142 2972 23 charted chart VBN 39142 2972 24 for for IN 39142 2972 25 sixty sixty CD 39142 2972 26 - - HYPH 39142 2972 27 nine nine CD 39142 2972 28 of of IN 39142 2972 29 these these DT 39142 2972 30 objects object NNS 39142 2972 31 . . . 39142 2973 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 2973 2 can can MD 39142 2973 3 determine determine VB 39142 2973 4 the the DT 39142 2973 5 scale scale NN 39142 2973 6 of of IN 39142 2973 7 the the DT 39142 2973 8 charts chart NNS 39142 2973 9 , , , 39142 2973 10 if if IN 39142 2973 11 we -PRON- PRP 39142 2973 12 know know VBP 39142 2973 13 the the DT 39142 2973 14 absolute absolute JJ 39142 2973 15 brightness brightness NN 39142 2973 16 of of IN 39142 2973 17 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2973 18 primary primary JJ 39142 2973 19 standard standard NN 39142 2973 20 -- -- : 39142 2973 21 the the DT 39142 2973 22 variable variable JJ 39142 2973 23 stars star NNS 39142 2973 24 ; ; : 39142 2973 25 and and CC 39142 2973 26 this this DT 39142 2973 27 is be VBZ 39142 2973 28 deduced deduce VBN 39142 2973 29 from from IN 39142 2973 30 a a DT 39142 2973 31 knowledge knowledge NN 39142 2973 32 of of IN 39142 2973 33 the the DT 39142 2973 34 distances distance NNS 39142 2973 35 of of IN 39142 2973 36 variables variable NNS 39142 2973 37 of of IN 39142 2973 38 the the DT 39142 2973 39 same same JJ 39142 2973 40 type type NN 39142 2973 41 in in IN 39142 2973 42 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2973 43 immediate immediate JJ 39142 2973 44 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2973 45 system system NN 39142 2973 46 . . . 39142 2974 1 The the DT 39142 2974 2 most most RBS 39142 2974 3 striking striking JJ 39142 2974 4 of of IN 39142 2974 5 all all PDT 39142 2974 6 the the DT 39142 2974 7 globular globular JJ 39142 2974 8 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2974 9 , , , 39142 2974 10 Omega Omega NNP 39142 2974 11 Centauri Centauri NNP 39142 2974 12 , , , 39142 2974 13 comes come VBZ 39142 2974 14 out out RP 39142 2974 15 the the DT 39142 2974 16 nearest near JJS 39142 2974 17 ; ; : 39142 2974 18 nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 2974 19 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2974 20 is be VBZ 39142 2974 21 distant distant JJ 39142 2974 22 6.5 6.5 CD 39142 2974 23 kiloparsecs kiloparsecs NNP 39142 2974 24 . . . 39142 2975 1 A a DT 39142 2975 2 kiloparsec kiloparsec NNP 39142 2975 3 is be VBZ 39142 2975 4 a a DT 39142 2975 5 thousand thousand CD 39142 2975 6 parsecs parsecs NN 39142 2975 7 , , , 39142 2975 8 and and CC 39142 2975 9 is be VBZ 39142 2975 10 the the DT 39142 2975 11 equivalent equivalent NN 39142 2975 12 of of IN 39142 2975 13 3,256 3,256 CD 39142 2975 14 light light NN 39142 2975 15 - - HYPH 39142 2975 16 years year NNS 39142 2975 17 . . . 39142 2976 1 At at IN 39142 2976 2 the the DT 39142 2976 3 inconceivable inconceivable JJ 39142 2976 4 distance distance NN 39142 2976 5 of of IN 39142 2976 6 sixty sixty CD 39142 2976 7 - - HYPH 39142 2976 8 seven seven CD 39142 2976 9 kiloparsecs kiloparsecs NN 39142 2976 10 , , , 39142 2976 11 or or CC 39142 2976 12 more more JJR 39142 2976 13 than than IN 39142 2976 14 200,000 200,000 CD 39142 2976 15 light light NN 39142 2976 16 - - HYPH 39142 2976 17 years year NNS 39142 2976 18 , , , 39142 2976 19 is be VBZ 39142 2976 20 the the DT 39142 2976 21 most most RBS 39142 2976 22 remote remote JJ 39142 2976 23 of of IN 39142 2976 24 the the DT 39142 2976 25 globular globular JJ 39142 2976 26 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2976 27 , , , 39142 2976 28 known know VBN 39142 2976 29 to to IN 39142 2976 30 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 2976 31 as as IN 39142 2976 32 N.G.C. N.G.C. NNP 39142 2977 1 7006 7006 CD 39142 2977 2 , , , 39142 2977 3 from from IN 39142 2977 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2977 5 number number NN 39142 2977 6 in in IN 39142 2977 7 the the DT 39142 2977 8 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 2977 9 which which WDT 39142 2977 10 records record VBZ 39142 2977 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2977 12 position position NN 39142 2977 13 in in IN 39142 2977 14 the the DT 39142 2977 15 sky sky NN 39142 2977 16 , , , 39142 2977 17 the the DT 39142 2977 18 New New NNP 39142 2977 19 General General NNP 39142 2977 20 Catalogue Catalogue NNP 39142 2977 21 of of IN 39142 2977 22 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 2977 23 by by IN 39142 2977 24 Dreyer Dreyer NNP 39142 2977 25 of of IN 39142 2977 26 Armagh Armagh NNP 39142 2977 27 . . . 39142 2978 1 The the DT 39142 2978 2 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2978 3 are be VBP 39142 2978 4 widely widely RB 39142 2978 5 scattered scatter VBN 39142 2978 6 , , , 39142 2978 7 and and CC 39142 2978 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2978 9 center center NN 39142 2978 10 of of IN 39142 2978 11 diffusion diffusion NN 39142 2978 12 is be VBZ 39142 2978 13 about about RB 39142 2978 14 twenty twenty CD 39142 2978 15 kiloparsecs kiloparsecs NNP 39142 2978 16 on on IN 39142 2978 17 the the DT 39142 2978 18 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 2978 19 plane plane NN 39142 2978 20 toward toward IN 39142 2978 21 the the DT 39142 2978 22 region region NN 39142 2978 23 of of IN 39142 2978 24 Scorpio Scorpio NNP 39142 2978 25 - - HYPH 39142 2978 26 Sagittarius Sagittarius NNP 39142 2978 27 . . . 39142 2979 1 Marked Marked NNP 39142 2979 2 symmetry symmetry NN 39142 2979 3 with with IN 39142 2979 4 reference reference NN 39142 2979 5 to to IN 39142 2979 6 this this DT 39142 2979 7 plane plane NN 39142 2979 8 makes make VBZ 39142 2979 9 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2979 10 evident evident JJ 39142 2979 11 that that IN 39142 2979 12 the the DT 39142 2979 13 entire entire JJ 39142 2979 14 system system NN 39142 2979 15 of of IN 39142 2979 16 globular globular JJ 39142 2979 17 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2979 18 is be VBZ 39142 2979 19 associated associate VBN 39142 2979 20 with with IN 39142 2979 21 the the DT 39142 2979 22 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 2979 23 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 2979 24 . . . 39142 2980 1 But but CC 39142 2980 2 to to TO 39142 2980 3 conceive conceive VB 39142 2980 4 of of IN 39142 2980 5 this this DT 39142 2980 6 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2980 7 is be VBZ 39142 2980 8 necessary necessary JJ 39142 2980 9 to to TO 39142 2980 10 extend extend VB 39142 2980 11 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2980 12 ideas idea NNS 39142 2980 13 of of IN 39142 2980 14 the the DT 39142 2980 15 actual actual JJ 39142 2980 16 dimensions dimension NNS 39142 2980 17 of of IN 39142 2980 18 the the DT 39142 2980 19 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 2980 20 system system NN 39142 2980 21 . . . 39142 2981 1 Almost almost RB 39142 2981 2 on on IN 39142 2981 3 the the DT 39142 2981 4 circumference circumference NN 39142 2981 5 of of IN 39142 2981 6 the the DT 39142 2981 7 great great JJ 39142 2981 8 system system NN 39142 2981 9 of of IN 39142 2981 10 globular globular JJ 39142 2981 11 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2981 12 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2981 13 local local JJ 39142 2981 14 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2981 15 system system NN 39142 2981 16 is be VBZ 39142 2981 17 found find VBN 39142 2981 18 , , , 39142 2981 19 and and CC 39142 2981 20 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2981 21 contains contain VBZ 39142 2981 22 probably probably RB 39142 2981 23 all all PDT 39142 2981 24 the the DT 39142 2981 25 naked naked JJ 39142 2981 26 - - HYPH 39142 2981 27 eye eye NN 39142 2981 28 stars star NNS 39142 2981 29 , , , 39142 2981 30 with with IN 39142 2981 31 millions million NNS 39142 2981 32 of of IN 39142 2981 33 fainter fainter NN 39142 2981 34 ones one NNS 39142 2981 35 . . . 39142 2982 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2982 2 size size NN 39142 2982 3 seems seem VBZ 39142 2982 4 almost almost RB 39142 2982 5 diminutive diminutive JJ 39142 2982 6 , , , 39142 2982 7 only only RB 39142 2982 8 about about RB 39142 2982 9 one one CD 39142 2982 10 kiloparsec kiloparsec NNP 39142 2982 11 in in IN 39142 2982 12 diameter diameter NN 39142 2982 13 . . . 39142 2983 1 The the DT 39142 2983 2 relative relative JJ 39142 2983 3 location location NN 39142 2983 4 of of IN 39142 2983 5 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2983 6 local local JJ 39142 2983 7 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2983 8 system system NN 39142 2983 9 shows show VBZ 39142 2983 10 why why WRB 39142 2983 11 the the DT 39142 2983 12 globular globular JJ 39142 2983 13 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2983 14 appear appear VBP 39142 2983 15 to to TO 39142 2983 16 be be VB 39142 2983 17 crowded crowd VBN 39142 2983 18 into into IN 39142 2983 19 one one CD 39142 2983 20 hemisphere hemisphere NN 39142 2983 21 only only RB 39142 2983 22 . . . 39142 2984 1 Shapley Shapley NNP 39142 2984 2 suggests suggest VBZ 39142 2984 3 that that IN 39142 2984 4 globular globular JJ 39142 2984 5 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2984 6 can can MD 39142 2984 7 exist exist VB 39142 2984 8 only only RB 39142 2984 9 in in IN 39142 2984 10 empty empty JJ 39142 2984 11 space space NN 39142 2984 12 , , , 39142 2984 13 and and CC 39142 2984 14 that that IN 39142 2984 15 when when WRB 39142 2984 16 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2984 17 enter enter VBP 39142 2984 18 the the DT 39142 2984 19 regions region NNS 39142 2984 20 of of IN 39142 2984 21 space space NN 39142 2984 22 tenanted tenant VBN 39142 2984 23 by by IN 39142 2984 24 stars star NNS 39142 2984 25 , , , 39142 2984 26 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2984 27 dissolve dissolve VBP 39142 2984 28 into into IN 39142 2984 29 the the DT 39142 2984 30 well well RB 39142 2984 31 - - HYPH 39142 2984 32 known know VBN 39142 2984 33 loose loose JJ 39142 2984 34 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2984 35 and and CC 39142 2984 36 the the DT 39142 2984 37 star star NN 39142 2984 38 clouds cloud NNS 39142 2984 39 of of IN 39142 2984 40 the the DT 39142 2984 41 Milky Milky NNP 39142 2984 42 Way Way NNP 39142 2984 43 . . . 39142 2985 1 Strangely strangely RB 39142 2985 2 the the DT 39142 2985 3 radial radial JJ 39142 2985 4 velocities velocity NNS 39142 2985 5 of of IN 39142 2985 6 the the DT 39142 2985 7 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2985 8 already already RB 39142 2985 9 observed observe VBD 39142 2985 10 show show NN 39142 2985 11 that that IN 39142 2985 12 most most JJS 39142 2985 13 of of IN 39142 2985 14 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2985 15 are be VBP 39142 2985 16 traveling travel VBG 39142 2985 17 toward toward IN 39142 2985 18 this this DT 39142 2985 19 region region NN 39142 2985 20 , , , 39142 2985 21 and and CC 39142 2985 22 that that IN 39142 2985 23 some some DT 39142 2985 24 will will MD 39142 2985 25 enter enter VB 39142 2985 26 the the DT 39142 2985 27 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2985 28 regions region NNS 39142 2985 29 within within IN 39142 2985 30 a a DT 39142 2985 31 period period NN 39142 2985 32 of of IN 39142 2985 33 the the DT 39142 2985 34 order order NN 39142 2985 35 of of IN 39142 2985 36 a a DT 39142 2985 37 hundred hundred CD 39142 2985 38 million million CD 39142 2985 39 years year NNS 39142 2985 40 . . . 39142 2986 1 The the DT 39142 2986 2 actual actual JJ 39142 2986 3 dimensions dimension NNS 39142 2986 4 of of IN 39142 2986 5 globular globular JJ 39142 2986 6 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2986 7 are be VBP 39142 2986 8 not not RB 39142 2986 9 easy easy JJ 39142 2986 10 to to TO 39142 2986 11 determine determine VB 39142 2986 12 , , , 39142 2986 13 because because IN 39142 2986 14 the the DT 39142 2986 15 outer outer JJ 39142 2986 16 stars star NNS 39142 2986 17 are be VBP 39142 2986 18 much much RB 39142 2986 19 scattered scatter VBN 39142 2986 20 . . . 39142 2987 1 To to IN 39142 2987 2 a a DT 39142 2987 3 typical typical JJ 39142 2987 4 cluster cluster NN 39142 2987 5 , , , 39142 2987 6 Messier Messier NNP 39142 2987 7 3 3 CD 39142 2987 8 , , , 39142 2987 9 Shapley Shapley NNP 39142 2987 10 assigns assign VBZ 39142 2987 11 a a DT 39142 2987 12 diameter diameter NN 39142 2987 13 of of IN 39142 2987 14 150 150 CD 39142 2987 15 parsecs parsec NNS 39142 2987 16 , , , 39142 2987 17 which which WDT 39142 2987 18 makes make VBZ 39142 2987 19 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2987 20 comparable comparable JJ 39142 2987 21 with with IN 39142 2987 22 the the DT 39142 2987 23 size size NN 39142 2987 24 of of IN 39142 2987 25 the the DT 39142 2987 26 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2987 27 cluster cluster NN 39142 2987 28 to to TO 39142 2987 29 which which WDT 39142 2987 30 the the DT 39142 2987 31 sun sun NN 39142 2987 32 belongs belong VBZ 39142 2987 33 . . . 39142 2988 1 Also also RB 39142 2988 2 on on IN 39142 2988 3 certain certain JJ 39142 2988 4 likely likely JJ 39142 2988 5 assumptions assumption NNS 39142 2988 6 , , , 39142 2988 7 he -PRON- PRP 39142 2988 8 finds find VBZ 39142 2988 9 that that IN 39142 2988 10 the the DT 39142 2988 11 diameter diameter NN 39142 2988 12 of of IN 39142 2988 13 the the DT 39142 2988 14 great great JJ 39142 2988 15 cluster cluster NN 39142 2988 16 in in IN 39142 2988 17 Hercules Hercules NNP 39142 2988 18 , , , 39142 2988 19 the the DT 39142 2988 20 finest fine JJS 39142 2988 21 one one CD 39142 2988 22 in in IN 39142 2988 23 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2988 24 northern northern JJ 39142 2988 25 sky sky NN 39142 2988 26 , , , 39142 2988 27 is be VBZ 39142 2988 28 about about RB 39142 2988 29 350 350 CD 39142 2988 30 parsecs parsecs NN 39142 2988 31 , , , 39142 2988 32 and and CC 39142 2988 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2988 34 distance distance NN 39142 2988 35 no no RB 39142 2988 36 less less JJR 39142 2988 37 than than IN 39142 2988 38 30,000 30,000 CD 39142 2988 39 parsecs parsec NNS 39142 2988 40 ; ; : 39142 2988 41 in in IN 39142 2988 42 other other JJ 39142 2988 43 words word NNS 39142 2988 44 , , , 39142 2988 45 the the DT 39142 2988 46 staggering staggering JJ 39142 2988 47 distance distance NN 39142 2988 48 that that WDT 39142 2988 49 light light NN 39142 2988 50 would would MD 39142 2988 51 require require VB 39142 2988 52 9,750,000 9,750,000 CD 39142 2988 53 years year NNS 39142 2988 54 to to TO 39142 2988 55 travel travel VB 39142 2988 56 over over RB 39142 2988 57 . . . 39142 2989 1 While while IN 39142 2989 2 these these DT 39142 2989 3 distances distance NNS 39142 2989 4 can can MD 39142 2989 5 never never RB 39142 2989 6 be be VB 39142 2989 7 verified verify VBN 39142 2989 8 by by IN 39142 2989 9 direct direct JJ 39142 2989 10 measurement measurement NN 39142 2989 11 , , , 39142 2989 12 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2989 13 lends lend VBZ 39142 2989 14 great great JJ 39142 2989 15 weight weight NN 39142 2989 16 to to IN 39142 2989 17 the the DT 39142 2989 18 three three CD 39142 2989 19 methods method NNS 39142 2989 20 of of IN 39142 2989 21 indirect indirect JJ 39142 2989 22 measurement measurement NN 39142 2989 23 , , , 39142 2989 24 or or CC 39142 2989 25 estimation estimation NN 39142 2989 26 , , , 39142 2989 27 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2989 28 1 1 LS 39142 2989 29 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2989 30 from from IN 39142 2989 31 the the DT 39142 2989 32 diameter diameter NN 39142 2989 33 of of IN 39142 2989 34 the the DT 39142 2989 35 image image NN 39142 2989 36 of of IN 39142 2989 37 the the DT 39142 2989 38 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2989 39 , , , 39142 2989 40 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2989 41 2 2 LS 39142 2989 42 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2989 43 from from IN 39142 2989 44 the the DT 39142 2989 45 mean mean JJ 39142 2989 46 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2989 47 of of IN 39142 2989 48 the the DT 39142 2989 49 twenty twenty CD 39142 2989 50 - - HYPH 39142 2989 51 five five CD 39142 2989 52 brightest bright JJS 39142 2989 53 stars star NNS 39142 2989 54 , , , 39142 2989 55 and and CC 39142 2989 56 ( ( -LRB- 39142 2989 57 3 3 LS 39142 2989 58 ) ) -RRB- 39142 2989 59 from from IN 39142 2989 60 the the DT 39142 2989 61 mean mean JJ 39142 2989 62 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 2989 63 of of IN 39142 2989 64 the the DT 39142 2989 65 short short JJ 39142 2989 66 period period NN 39142 2989 67 variables variable NNS 39142 2989 68 , , , 39142 2989 69 that that IN 39142 2989 70 they -PRON- PRP 39142 2989 71 are be VBP 39142 2989 72 in in IN 39142 2989 73 excellent excellent JJ 39142 2989 74 agreement agreement NN 39142 2989 75 . . . 39142 2990 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39142 2990 2 LV LV NNP 39142 2990 3 MOVING move VBG 39142 2990 4 CLUSTERS cluster NNS 39142 2990 5 Recent recent JJ 39142 2990 6 researches research NNS 39142 2990 7 on on IN 39142 2990 8 the the DT 39142 2990 9 proper proper JJ 39142 2990 10 motions motion NNS 39142 2990 11 of of IN 39142 2990 12 stars star NNS 39142 2990 13 have have VBP 39142 2990 14 brought bring VBN 39142 2990 15 to to TO 39142 2990 16 light light VB 39142 2990 17 many many JJ 39142 2990 18 groups group NNS 39142 2990 19 of of IN 39142 2990 20 stars star NNS 39142 2990 21 whose whose WP$ 39142 2990 22 individual individual JJ 39142 2990 23 members member NNS 39142 2990 24 have have VBP 39142 2990 25 equal equal JJ 39142 2990 26 and and CC 39142 2990 27 parallel parallel JJ 39142 2990 28 velocities velocity NNS 39142 2990 29 . . . 39142 2991 1 Eddington Eddington NNP 39142 2991 2 calls call VBZ 39142 2991 3 these these DT 39142 2991 4 moving move VBG 39142 2991 5 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2991 6 . . . 39142 2992 1 The the DT 39142 2992 2 component component NN 39142 2992 3 stars star NNS 39142 2992 4 are be VBP 39142 2992 5 not not RB 39142 2992 6 exceptionally exceptionally RB 39142 2992 7 near near JJ 39142 2992 8 to to IN 39142 2992 9 each each DT 39142 2992 10 other other JJ 39142 2992 11 , , , 39142 2992 12 and and CC 39142 2992 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2992 14 often often RB 39142 2992 15 happens happen VBZ 39142 2992 16 that that IN 39142 2992 17 other other JJ 39142 2992 18 stars star NNS 39142 2992 19 not not RB 39142 2992 20 belonging belong VBG 39142 2992 21 to to IN 39142 2992 22 the the DT 39142 2992 23 group group NN 39142 2992 24 are be VBP 39142 2992 25 actually actually RB 39142 2992 26 interspersed intersperse VBN 39142 2992 27 among among IN 39142 2992 28 them -PRON- PRP 39142 2992 29 . . . 39142 2993 1 They -PRON- PRP 39142 2993 2 may may MD 39142 2993 3 be be VB 39142 2993 4 likened liken VBN 39142 2993 5 to to TO 39142 2993 6 double double JJ 39142 2993 7 stars star NNS 39142 2993 8 which which WDT 39142 2993 9 are be VBP 39142 2993 10 permanent permanent JJ 39142 2993 11 neighbors neighbor NNS 39142 2993 12 , , , 39142 2993 13 with with IN 39142 2993 14 some some DT 39142 2993 15 orbital orbital JJ 39142 2993 16 motion motion NN 39142 2993 17 , , , 39142 2993 18 though though IN 39142 2993 19 exceedingly exceedingly RB 39142 2993 20 slow slow JJ 39142 2993 21 . . . 39142 2994 1 The the DT 39142 2994 2 connection connection NN 39142 2994 3 is be VBZ 39142 2994 4 rather rather RB 39142 2994 5 one one CD 39142 2994 6 of of IN 39142 2994 7 origin origin NN 39142 2994 8 ; ; , 39142 2994 9 occurring occur VBG 39142 2994 10 in in IN 39142 2994 11 the the DT 39142 2994 12 same same JJ 39142 2994 13 region region NN 39142 2994 14 of of IN 39142 2994 15 space space NN 39142 2994 16 , , , 39142 2994 17 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 2994 18 , , , 39142 2994 19 from from IN 39142 2994 20 a a DT 39142 2994 21 single single JJ 39142 2994 22 nebula nebula NN 39142 2994 23 . . . 39142 2995 1 They -PRON- PRP 39142 2995 2 set set VBD 39142 2995 3 out out RP 39142 2995 4 with with IN 39142 2995 5 the the DT 39142 2995 6 same same JJ 39142 2995 7 motion motion NN 39142 2995 8 , , , 39142 2995 9 and and CC 39142 2995 10 have have VBP 39142 2995 11 " " `` 39142 2995 12 shared share VBN 39142 2995 13 all all PDT 39142 2995 14 the the DT 39142 2995 15 accidents accident NNS 39142 2995 16 of of IN 39142 2995 17 the the DT 39142 2995 18 journey journey NN 39142 2995 19 together together RB 39142 2995 20 . . . 39142 2995 21 " " '' 39142 2996 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2996 2 equality equality NN 39142 2996 3 of of IN 39142 2996 4 motion motion NN 39142 2996 5 is be VBZ 39142 2996 6 intact intact JJ 39142 2996 7 because because IN 39142 2996 8 any any DT 39142 2996 9 possible possible JJ 39142 2996 10 deflections deflection NNS 39142 2996 11 by by IN 39142 2996 12 the the DT 39142 2996 13 gravitative gravitative JJ 39142 2996 14 pull pull NN 39142 2996 15 of of IN 39142 2996 16 the the DT 39142 2996 17 stellar stellar JJ 39142 2996 18 system system NN 39142 2996 19 is be VBZ 39142 2996 20 the the DT 39142 2996 21 same same JJ 39142 2996 22 for for IN 39142 2996 23 both both DT 39142 2996 24 . . . 39142 2997 1 Mutual mutual JJ 39142 2997 2 attraction attraction NN 39142 2997 3 may may MD 39142 2997 4 tend tend VB 39142 2997 5 to to TO 39142 2997 6 keep keep VB 39142 2997 7 the the DT 39142 2997 8 stars star NNS 39142 2997 9 together together RB 39142 2997 10 , , , 39142 2997 11 but but CC 39142 2997 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2997 13 community community NN 39142 2997 14 of of IN 39142 2997 15 motion motion NN 39142 2997 16 persists persist VBZ 39142 2997 17 chiefly chiefly RB 39142 2997 18 because because IN 39142 2997 19 no no DT 39142 2997 20 forces force NNS 39142 2997 21 tend tend VBP 39142 2997 22 to to TO 39142 2997 23 interfere interfere VB 39142 2997 24 with with IN 39142 2997 25 it -PRON- PRP 39142 2997 26 . . . 39142 2998 1 In in IN 39142 2998 2 this this DT 39142 2998 3 way way NN 39142 2998 4 physically physically RB 39142 2998 5 connected connect VBN 39142 2998 6 pairs pair NNS 39142 2998 7 may may MD 39142 2998 8 be be VB 39142 2998 9 separated separate VBN 39142 2998 10 by by IN 39142 2998 11 very very RB 39142 2998 12 great great JJ 39142 2998 13 distances distance NNS 39142 2998 14 . . . 39142 2999 1 So so RB 39142 2999 2 with with IN 39142 2999 3 the the DT 39142 2999 4 moving move VBG 39142 2999 5 clusters cluster NNS 39142 2999 6 : : : 39142 2999 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2999 8 component component NN 39142 2999 9 stars star NNS 39142 2999 10 may may MD 39142 2999 11 be be VB 39142 2999 12 widely widely RB 39142 2999 13 separate separate JJ 39142 2999 14 on on IN 39142 2999 15 the the DT 39142 2999 16 celestial celestial JJ 39142 2999 17 sphere sphere NN 39142 2999 18 , , , 39142 2999 19 but but CC 39142 2999 20 equality equality NN 39142 2999 21 of of IN 39142 2999 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2999 23 motions motion NNS 39142 2999 24 affords afford VBZ 39142 2999 25 a a DT 39142 2999 26 clue clue NN 39142 2999 27 to to IN 39142 2999 28 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 2999 29 association association NN 39142 2999 30 in in IN 39142 2999 31 groups group NNS 39142 2999 32 . . . 39142 3000 1 The the DT 39142 3000 2 Hyades Hyades NNP 39142 3000 3 , , , 39142 3000 4 a a DT 39142 3000 5 loose loose JJ 39142 3000 6 cluster cluster NN 39142 3000 7 in in IN 39142 3000 8 Taurus Taurus NNP 39142 3000 9 , , , 39142 3000 10 is be VBZ 39142 3000 11 a a DT 39142 3000 12 group group NN 39142 3000 13 of of IN 39142 3000 14 thirty thirty CD 39142 3000 15 - - HYPH 39142 3000 16 nine nine CD 39142 3000 17 stars star NNS 39142 3000 18 , , , 39142 3000 19 within within IN 39142 3000 20 an an DT 39142 3000 21 area area NN 39142 3000 22 of of IN 39142 3000 23 about about RB 39142 3000 24 15 15 CD 39142 3000 25 degrees degree NNS 39142 3000 26 square square JJ 39142 3000 27 , , , 39142 3000 28 which which WDT 39142 3000 29 has have VBZ 39142 3000 30 been be VBN 39142 3000 31 pretty pretty RB 39142 3000 32 fully fully RB 39142 3000 33 investigated investigate VBN 39142 3000 34 , , , 39142 3000 35 especially especially RB 39142 3000 36 by by IN 39142 3000 37 the the DT 39142 3000 38 late late JJ 39142 3000 39 Professor Professor NNP 39142 3000 40 Lewis Lewis NNP 39142 3000 41 Boss Boss NNP 39142 3000 42 ; ; : 39142 3000 43 and and CC 39142 3000 44 no no RB 39142 3000 45 doubt doubt RB 39142 3000 46 many many JJ 39142 3000 47 fainter fainter NN 39142 3000 48 stars star NNS 39142 3000 49 in in IN 39142 3000 50 the the DT 39142 3000 51 same same JJ 39142 3000 52 region region NN 39142 3000 53 will will MD 39142 3000 54 ultimately ultimately RB 39142 3000 55 be be VB 39142 3000 56 found find VBN 39142 3000 57 to to TO 39142 3000 58 belong belong VB 39142 3000 59 to to IN 39142 3000 60 the the DT 39142 3000 61 same same JJ 39142 3000 62 group group NN 39142 3000 63 . . . 39142 3001 1 If if IN 39142 3001 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3001 3 draw draw VBP 39142 3001 4 arrows arrow NNS 39142 3001 5 on on IN 39142 3001 6 a a DT 39142 3001 7 chart chart NN 39142 3001 8 representing represent VBG 39142 3001 9 the the DT 39142 3001 10 amount amount NN 39142 3001 11 and and CC 39142 3001 12 direction direction NN 39142 3001 13 of of IN 39142 3001 14 the the DT 39142 3001 15 proper proper JJ 39142 3001 16 motions motion NNS 39142 3001 17 of of IN 39142 3001 18 these these DT 39142 3001 19 stars star NNS 39142 3001 20 , , , 39142 3001 21 these these DT 39142 3001 22 arrows arrow NNS 39142 3001 23 must must MD 39142 3001 24 all all DT 39142 3001 25 converge converge VB 39142 3001 26 toward toward IN 39142 3001 27 a a DT 39142 3001 28 point point NN 39142 3001 29 . . . 39142 3002 1 This this DT 39142 3002 2 shows show VBZ 39142 3002 3 that that IN 39142 3002 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3002 5 motions motion NNS 39142 3002 6 are be VBP 39142 3002 7 parallel parallel JJ 39142 3002 8 in in IN 39142 3002 9 space space NN 39142 3002 10 . . . 39142 3003 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 3003 2 is be VBZ 39142 3003 3 a a DT 39142 3003 4 relatively relatively RB 39142 3003 5 compact compact JJ 39142 3003 6 group group NN 39142 3003 7 , , , 39142 3003 8 and and CC 39142 3003 9 the the DT 39142 3003 10 close close JJ 39142 3003 11 convergence convergence NN 39142 3003 12 shows show VBZ 39142 3003 13 that that IN 39142 3003 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3003 15 individual individual JJ 39142 3003 16 velocities velocity NNS 39142 3003 17 must must MD 39142 3003 18 agree agree VB 39142 3003 19 within within IN 39142 3003 20 a a DT 39142 3003 21 small small JJ 39142 3003 22 fraction fraction NN 39142 3003 23 of of IN 39142 3003 24 a a DT 39142 3003 25 kilometer kilometer NN 39142 3003 26 per per IN 39142 3003 27 second second NN 39142 3003 28 . . . 39142 3004 1 Radial radial JJ 39142 3004 2 velocity velocity NN 39142 3004 3 measures measure NNS 39142 3004 4 of of IN 39142 3004 5 six six CD 39142 3004 6 of of IN 39142 3004 7 the the DT 39142 3004 8 component component NN 39142 3004 9 stars star NNS 39142 3004 10 are be VBP 39142 3004 11 in in IN 39142 3004 12 very very RB 39142 3004 13 satisfactory satisfactory JJ 39142 3004 14 accord accord NN 39142 3004 15 , , , 39142 3004 16 giving give VBG 39142 3004 17 45.6 45.6 CD 39142 3004 18 kilometers kilometer NNS 39142 3004 19 per per IN 39142 3004 20 second second NN 39142 3004 21 for for IN 39142 3004 22 the the DT 39142 3004 23 entire entire JJ 39142 3004 24 group group NN 39142 3004 25 . . . 39142 3005 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 3005 2 can can MD 39142 3005 3 get get VB 39142 3005 4 the the DT 39142 3005 5 transverse transverse JJ 39142 3005 6 velocity velocity NN 39142 3005 7 , , , 39142 3005 8 and and CC 39142 3005 9 therefrom therefrom VB 39142 3005 10 the the DT 39142 3005 11 distances distance NNS 39142 3005 12 of of IN 39142 3005 13 the the DT 39142 3005 14 stars star NNS 39142 3005 15 , , , 39142 3005 16 which which WDT 39142 3005 17 are be VBP 39142 3005 18 among among IN 39142 3005 19 the the DT 39142 3005 20 best well RBS 39142 3005 21 known know VBN 39142 3005 22 in in IN 39142 3005 23 the the DT 39142 3005 24 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 3005 25 , , , 39142 3005 26 because because IN 39142 3005 27 the the DT 39142 3005 28 proper proper JJ 39142 3005 29 motions motion NNS 39142 3005 30 are be VBP 39142 3005 31 very very RB 39142 3005 32 accurately accurately RB 39142 3005 33 known know VBN 39142 3005 34 . . . 39142 3006 1 The the DT 39142 3006 2 mean mean JJ 39142 3006 3 parallax parallax NN 39142 3006 4 of of IN 39142 3006 5 the the DT 39142 3006 6 group group NN 39142 3006 7 by by IN 39142 3006 8 this this DT 39142 3006 9 indirect indirect JJ 39142 3006 10 method method NN 39142 3006 11 comes come VBZ 39142 3006 12 out out RP 39142 3006 13 0".025 0".025 NNP 39142 3006 14 , , , 39142 3006 15 agreeing agree VBG 39142 3006 16 almost almost RB 39142 3006 17 exactly exactly RB 39142 3006 18 with with IN 39142 3006 19 the the DT 39142 3006 20 direct direct JJ 39142 3006 21 determination determination NN 39142 3006 22 by by IN 39142 3006 23 photography photography NN 39142 3006 24 , , , 39142 3006 25 0".023 0".023 NNP 39142 3006 26 , , , 39142 3006 27 by by IN 39142 3006 28 Kapteyn Kapteyn NNP 39142 3006 29 , , , 39142 3006 30 De De NNP 39142 3006 31 Sitter Sitter NNP 39142 3006 32 , , , 39142 3006 33 and and CC 39142 3006 34 others other NNS 39142 3006 35 . . . 39142 3007 1 Eddington Eddington NNP 39142 3007 2 concludes conclude VBZ 39142 3007 3 that that IN 39142 3007 4 this this DT 39142 3007 5 Taurus Taurus NNP 39142 3007 6 group group NN 39142 3007 7 is be VBZ 39142 3007 8 a a DT 39142 3007 9 globular globular JJ 39142 3007 10 cluster cluster NN 39142 3007 11 with with IN 39142 3007 12 a a DT 39142 3007 13 slight slight JJ 39142 3007 14 central central JJ 39142 3007 15 condensation condensation NN 39142 3007 16 . . . 39142 3008 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3008 2 entire entire JJ 39142 3008 3 diameter diameter NN 39142 3008 4 is be VBZ 39142 3008 5 about about RB 39142 3008 6 ten ten CD 39142 3008 7 parsecs parsecs NN 39142 3008 8 , , , 39142 3008 9 and and CC 39142 3008 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3008 11 known know VBN 39142 3008 12 motion motion NN 39142 3008 13 enables enable VBZ 39142 3008 14 us -PRON- PRP 39142 3008 15 to to TO 39142 3008 16 trace trace VB 39142 3008 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3008 18 past past NN 39142 3008 19 and and CC 39142 3008 20 future future JJ 39142 3008 21 history history NN 39142 3008 22 . . . 39142 3009 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 3009 2 was be VBD 39142 3009 3 nearest near JJS 39142 3009 4 the the DT 39142 3009 5 sun sun NN 39142 3009 6 800,000 800,000 CD 39142 3009 7 years year NNS 39142 3009 8 ago ago RB 39142 3009 9 , , , 39142 3009 10 when when WRB 39142 3009 11 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3009 12 was be VBD 39142 3009 13 at at IN 39142 3009 14 about about IN 39142 3009 15 half half PDT 39142 3009 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3009 17 present present JJ 39142 3009 18 distance distance NN 39142 3009 19 . . . 39142 3010 1 Boss boss NN 39142 3010 2 calculated calculate VBD 39142 3010 3 that that IN 39142 3010 4 in in IN 39142 3010 5 65 65 CD 39142 3010 6 million million CD 39142 3010 7 years year NNS 39142 3010 8 , , , 39142 3010 9 if if IN 39142 3010 10 the the DT 39142 3010 11 present present JJ 39142 3010 12 motion motion NN 39142 3010 13 is be VBZ 39142 3010 14 maintained maintain VBN 39142 3010 15 , , , 39142 3010 16 this this DT 39142 3010 17 group group NN 39142 3010 18 will will MD 39142 3010 19 have have VB 39142 3010 20 receded recede VBN 39142 3010 21 so so RB 39142 3010 22 far far RB 39142 3010 23 as as IN 39142 3010 24 to to TO 39142 3010 25 appear appear VB 39142 3010 26 like like IN 39142 3010 27 an an DT 39142 3010 28 ordinary ordinary JJ 39142 3010 29 globular globular JJ 39142 3010 30 cluster cluster NN 39142 3010 31 20 20 CD 39142 3010 32 ' ' `` 39142 3010 33 in in IN 39142 3010 34 diameter diameter NN 39142 3010 35 , , , 39142 3010 36 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3010 37 stars star NNS 39142 3010 38 ranging range VBG 39142 3010 39 from from IN 39142 3010 40 the the DT 39142 3010 41 ninth ninth JJ 39142 3010 42 to to IN 39142 3010 43 the the DT 39142 3010 44 twelfth twelfth JJ 39142 3010 45 apparent apparent JJ 39142 3010 46 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 3010 47 . . . 39142 3011 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 3011 2 may may MD 39142 3011 3 infer infer VB 39142 3011 4 that that IN 39142 3011 5 the the DT 39142 3011 6 motion motion NN 39142 3011 7 will will MD 39142 3011 8 likely likely RB 39142 3011 9 continue continue VB 39142 3011 10 undisturbed undisturbed JJ 39142 3011 11 , , , 39142 3011 12 because because IN 39142 3011 13 there there EX 39142 3011 14 are be VBP 39142 3011 15 interspersed intersperse VBN 39142 3011 16 among among IN 39142 3011 17 the the DT 39142 3011 18 group group NN 39142 3011 19 many many JJ 39142 3011 20 stars star NNS 39142 3011 21 not not RB 39142 3011 22 belonging belong VBG 39142 3011 23 to to IN 39142 3011 24 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3011 25 , , , 39142 3011 26 and and CC 39142 3011 27 these these DT 39142 3011 28 have have VBP 39142 3011 29 neither neither CC 39142 3011 30 scattered scatter VBN 39142 3011 31 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3011 32 members member NNS 39142 3011 33 nor nor CC 39142 3011 34 sensibly sensibly RB 39142 3011 35 interfered interfere VBN 39142 3011 36 with with IN 39142 3011 37 the the DT 39142 3011 38 parallelism parallelism NN 39142 3011 39 of of IN 39142 3011 40 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3011 41 motion motion NN 39142 3011 42 . . . 39142 3012 1 Another another DT 39142 3012 2 moving move VBG 39142 3012 3 cluster cluster NN 39142 3012 4 , , , 39142 3012 5 the the DT 39142 3012 6 similarity similarity NN 39142 3012 7 of of IN 39142 3012 8 proper proper JJ 39142 3012 9 motion motion NN 39142 3012 10 of of IN 39142 3012 11 whose whose WP$ 39142 3012 12 component component NN 39142 3012 13 stars star NNS 39142 3012 14 was be VBD 39142 3012 15 first first RB 39142 3012 16 pointed point VBN 39142 3012 17 out out RP 39142 3012 18 by by IN 39142 3012 19 Proctor proctor NN 39142 3012 20 , , , 39142 3012 21 is be VBZ 39142 3012 22 known know VBN 39142 3012 23 as as IN 39142 3012 24 the the DT 39142 3012 25 Ursa Ursa NNP 39142 3012 26 Major Major NNP 39142 3012 27 system system NN 39142 3012 28 , , , 39142 3012 29 which which WDT 39142 3012 30 embraces embrace VBZ 39142 3012 31 primarily primarily RB 39142 3012 32 Beta Beta NNP 39142 3012 33 , , , 39142 3012 34 Gamma Gamma NNP 39142 3012 35 , , , 39142 3012 36 Delta Delta NNP 39142 3012 37 , , , 39142 3012 38 Epsilon Epsilon NNP 39142 3012 39 , , , 39142 3012 40 and and CC 39142 3012 41 Zeta Zeta NNP 39142 3012 42 Ursæ Ursæ NNP 39142 3012 43 Majoris Majoris NNP 39142 3012 44 , , , 39142 3012 45 or or CC 39142 3012 46 five five CD 39142 3012 47 of of IN 39142 3012 48 the the DT 39142 3012 49 seven seven CD 39142 3012 50 stars star NNS 39142 3012 51 that that WDT 39142 3012 52 mark mark VBP 39142 3012 53 the the DT 39142 3012 54 familiar familiar JJ 39142 3012 55 Dipper Dipper NNP 39142 3012 56 . . . 39142 3013 1 But but CC 39142 3013 2 as as RB 39142 3013 3 many many JJ 39142 3013 4 as as IN 39142 3013 5 eight eight CD 39142 3013 6 other other JJ 39142 3013 7 stars star NNS 39142 3013 8 widely widely RB 39142 3013 9 scattered scatter VBN 39142 3013 10 are be VBP 39142 3013 11 thought think VBN 39142 3013 12 to to TO 39142 3013 13 belong belong VB 39142 3013 14 to to IN 39142 3013 15 the the DT 39142 3013 16 same same JJ 39142 3013 17 system system NN 39142 3013 18 , , , 39142 3013 19 including include VBG 39142 3013 20 Sirius Sirius NNP 39142 3013 21 and and CC 39142 3013 22 Alpha Alpha NNP 39142 3013 23 Coronæ Coronæ NNP 39142 3013 24 Borealis Borealis NNP 39142 3013 25 . . . 39142 3014 1 The the DT 39142 3014 2 absolute absolute JJ 39142 3014 3 motion motion NN 39142 3014 4 amounts amount VBZ 39142 3014 5 to to IN 39142 3014 6 28.8 28.8 CD 39142 3014 7 kilometers kilometer NNS 39142 3014 8 per per IN 39142 3014 9 second second NN 39142 3014 10 , , , 39142 3014 11 and and CC 39142 3014 12 is be VBZ 39142 3014 13 approximately approximately RB 39142 3014 14 parallel parallel JJ 39142 3014 15 to to IN 39142 3014 16 the the DT 39142 3014 17 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 3014 18 . . . 39142 3015 1 Turner Turner NNP 39142 3015 2 has have VBZ 39142 3015 3 made make VBN 39142 3015 4 a a DT 39142 3015 5 model model NN 39142 3015 6 of of IN 39142 3015 7 the the DT 39142 3015 8 cluster cluster NN 39142 3015 9 , , , 39142 3015 10 which which WDT 39142 3015 11 has have VBZ 39142 3015 12 the the DT 39142 3015 13 form form NN 39142 3015 14 of of IN 39142 3015 15 a a DT 39142 3015 16 flat flat JJ 39142 3015 17 disk disk NN 39142 3015 18 . . . 39142 3016 1 Among among IN 39142 3016 2 stars star NNS 39142 3016 3 of of IN 39142 3016 4 the the DT 39142 3016 5 Orion Orion NNP 39142 3016 6 type type NN 39142 3016 7 of of IN 39142 3016 8 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 3016 9 are be VBP 39142 3016 10 several several JJ 39142 3016 11 examples example NNS 39142 3016 12 of of IN 39142 3016 13 moving move VBG 39142 3016 14 clusters cluster NNS 39142 3016 15 . . . 39142 3017 1 The the DT 39142 3017 2 Pleiades pleiade NNS 39142 3017 3 together together RB 39142 3017 4 with with IN 39142 3017 5 many many JJ 39142 3017 6 fainter fainter NN 39142 3017 7 stars star NNS 39142 3017 8 form form VBP 39142 3017 9 another another DT 39142 3017 10 moving move VBG 39142 3017 11 cluster cluster NN 39142 3017 12 ; ; : 39142 3017 13 as as RB 39142 3017 14 also also RB 39142 3017 15 do do VBP 39142 3017 16 the the DT 39142 3017 17 brighter bright JJR 39142 3017 18 stars star NNS 39142 3017 19 of of IN 39142 3017 20 Orion orion NN 39142 3017 21 , , , 39142 3017 22 together together RB 39142 3017 23 with with IN 39142 3017 24 the the DT 39142 3017 25 faint faint JJ 39142 3017 26 cloudlike cloudlike NN 39142 3017 27 extensions extension NNS 39142 3017 28 of of IN 39142 3017 29 the the DT 39142 3017 30 great great JJ 39142 3017 31 nebula nebula NN 39142 3017 32 in in IN 39142 3017 33 Orion Orion NNP 39142 3017 34 , , , 39142 3017 35 whose whose WP$ 39142 3017 36 radial radial JJ 39142 3017 37 velocity velocity NN 39142 3017 38 agrees agree VBZ 39142 3017 39 with with IN 39142 3017 40 that that DT 39142 3017 41 of of IN 39142 3017 42 the the DT 39142 3017 43 stars star NNS 39142 3017 44 in in IN 39142 3017 45 the the DT 39142 3017 46 constellation constellation NN 39142 3017 47 . . . 39142 3018 1 Still still RB 39142 3018 2 another another DT 39142 3018 3 very very RB 39142 3018 4 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 3018 5 moving move VBG 39142 3018 6 cluster cluster NN 39142 3018 7 is be VBZ 39142 3018 8 in in IN 39142 3018 9 Perseus Perseus NNP 39142 3018 10 , , , 39142 3018 11 first first RB 39142 3018 12 detected detect VBN 39142 3018 13 by by IN 39142 3018 14 Eddington Eddington NNP 39142 3018 15 , , , 39142 3018 16 and and CC 39142 3018 17 embracing embrace VBG 39142 3018 18 eighteen eighteen CD 39142 3018 19 stars star NNS 39142 3018 20 , , , 39142 3018 21 the the DT 39142 3018 22 brightest bright JJS 39142 3018 23 of of IN 39142 3018 24 which which WDT 39142 3018 25 is be VBZ 39142 3018 26 Alpha Alpha NNP 39142 3018 27 Persei Persei NNP 39142 3018 28 . . . 39142 3019 1 The the DT 39142 3019 2 further further JJ 39142 3019 3 discovery discovery NN 39142 3019 4 of of IN 39142 3019 5 moving move VBG 39142 3019 6 clusters cluster NNS 39142 3019 7 is be VBZ 39142 3019 8 most most RBS 39142 3019 9 important important JJ 39142 3019 10 in in IN 39142 3019 11 the the DT 39142 3019 12 future future JJ 39142 3019 13 development development NN 39142 3019 14 of of IN 39142 3019 15 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3019 16 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 3019 17 , , , 39142 3019 18 because because IN 39142 3019 19 with with IN 39142 3019 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3019 21 aid aid NN 39142 3019 22 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3019 23 can can MD 39142 3019 24 find find VB 39142 3019 25 out out RP 39142 3019 26 the the DT 39142 3019 27 relative relative JJ 39142 3019 28 distribution distribution NN 39142 3019 29 , , , 39142 3019 30 luminosity luminosity NN 39142 3019 31 , , , 39142 3019 32 and and CC 39142 3019 33 distance distance NN 39142 3019 34 of of IN 39142 3019 35 very very RB 39142 3019 36 remote remote JJ 39142 3019 37 stars star NNS 39142 3019 38 . . . 39142 3020 1 So so RB 39142 3020 2 far far RB 39142 3020 3 the the DT 39142 3020 4 stars star NNS 39142 3020 5 found find VBD 39142 3020 6 associated associate VBN 39142 3020 7 in in IN 39142 3020 8 groups group NNS 39142 3020 9 are be VBP 39142 3020 10 of of IN 39142 3020 11 early early JJ 39142 3020 12 types type NNS 39142 3020 13 of of IN 39142 3020 14 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 3020 15 ; ; : 39142 3020 16 but but CC 39142 3020 17 the the DT 39142 3020 18 Taurus Taurus NNP 39142 3020 19 cluster cluster NN 39142 3020 20 embraces embrace VBZ 39142 3020 21 several several JJ 39142 3020 22 members member NNS 39142 3020 23 equally equally RB 39142 3020 24 advanced advanced JJ 39142 3020 25 in in IN 39142 3020 26 evolution evolution NN 39142 3020 27 with with IN 39142 3020 28 the the DT 39142 3020 29 sun sun NN 39142 3020 30 , , , 39142 3020 31 and and CC 39142 3020 32 in in IN 39142 3020 33 the the DT 39142 3020 34 more more RBR 39142 3020 35 scattered scattered JJ 39142 3020 36 system system NN 39142 3020 37 of of IN 39142 3020 38 Ursæ Ursæ NNP 39142 3020 39 Major Major NNP 39142 3020 40 there there EX 39142 3020 41 are be VBP 39142 3020 42 three three CD 39142 3020 43 stars star NNS 39142 3020 44 of of IN 39142 3020 45 Type type NN 39142 3020 46 F. F. NNP 39142 3020 47 " " `` 39142 3020 48 Some some DT 39142 3020 49 of of IN 39142 3020 50 these these DT 39142 3020 51 systems system NNS 39142 3020 52 , , , 39142 3020 53 " " '' 39142 3020 54 Eddington Eddington NNP 39142 3020 55 concludes conclude VBZ 39142 3020 56 , , , 39142 3020 57 " " `` 39142 3020 58 would would MD 39142 3020 59 thus thus RB 39142 3020 60 appear appear VB 39142 3020 61 to to TO 39142 3020 62 have have VB 39142 3020 63 existed exist VBN 39142 3020 64 for for IN 39142 3020 65 a a DT 39142 3020 66 time time NN 39142 3020 67 comparable comparable JJ 39142 3020 68 with with IN 39142 3020 69 the the DT 39142 3020 70 lifetime lifetime NN 39142 3020 71 of of IN 39142 3020 72 an an DT 39142 3020 73 average average JJ 39142 3020 74 star star NN 39142 3020 75 . . . 39142 3021 1 They -PRON- PRP 39142 3021 2 are be VBP 39142 3021 3 wandering wander VBG 39142 3021 4 through through IN 39142 3021 5 a a DT 39142 3021 6 part part NN 39142 3021 7 of of IN 39142 3021 8 space space NN 39142 3021 9 in in IN 39142 3021 10 which which WDT 39142 3021 11 are be VBP 39142 3021 12 scattered scatter VBN 39142 3021 13 stars star NNS 39142 3021 14 not not RB 39142 3021 15 belonging belong VBG 39142 3021 16 to to IN 39142 3021 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3021 18 system system NN 39142 3021 19 -- -- : 39142 3021 20 interlopers interloper NNS 39142 3021 21 penetrating penetrate VBG 39142 3021 22 right right RB 39142 3021 23 among among IN 39142 3021 24 the the DT 39142 3021 25 cluster cluster NN 39142 3021 26 stars star NNS 39142 3021 27 . . . 39142 3022 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 3022 2 , , , 39142 3022 3 the the DT 39142 3022 4 equality equality NN 39142 3022 5 of of IN 39142 3022 6 motion motion NN 39142 3022 7 has have VBZ 39142 3022 8 not not RB 39142 3022 9 been be VBN 39142 3022 10 seriously seriously RB 39142 3022 11 disturbed disturb VBN 39142 3022 12 . . . 39142 3023 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 3023 2 is be VBZ 39142 3023 3 scarcely scarcely RB 39142 3023 4 possible possible JJ 39142 3023 5 to to TO 39142 3023 6 avoid avoid VB 39142 3023 7 the the DT 39142 3023 8 conclusion conclusion NN 39142 3023 9 that that IN 39142 3023 10 the the DT 39142 3023 11 chance chance NN 39142 3023 12 attractions attraction NNS 39142 3023 13 of of IN 39142 3023 14 stars star NNS 39142 3023 15 passing pass VBG 39142 3023 16 in in IN 39142 3023 17 the the DT 39142 3023 18 vicinity vicinity NN 39142 3023 19 have have VBP 39142 3023 20 no no DT 39142 3023 21 appreciable appreciable JJ 39142 3023 22 effect effect NN 39142 3023 23 on on IN 39142 3023 24 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3023 25 motions motion NNS 39142 3023 26 ; ; : 39142 3023 27 and and CC 39142 3023 28 that that IN 39142 3023 29 if if IN 39142 3023 30 the the DT 39142 3023 31 motions motion NNS 39142 3023 32 change change VBP 39142 3023 33 in in IN 39142 3023 34 course course NN 39142 3023 35 of of IN 39142 3023 36 time time NN 39142 3023 37 ( ( -LRB- 39142 3023 38 as as IN 39142 3023 39 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3023 40 appears appear VBZ 39142 3023 41 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3023 42 must must MD 39142 3023 43 do do VB 39142 3023 44 ) ) -RRB- 39142 3023 45 this this DT 39142 3023 46 change change NN 39142 3023 47 is be VBZ 39142 3023 48 due due JJ 39142 3023 49 , , , 39142 3023 50 not not RB 39142 3023 51 to to IN 39142 3023 52 the the DT 39142 3023 53 passage passage NN 39142 3023 54 of of IN 39142 3023 55 individual individual JJ 39142 3023 56 stars star NNS 39142 3023 57 , , , 39142 3023 58 but but CC 39142 3023 59 to to IN 39142 3023 60 the the DT 39142 3023 61 central central JJ 39142 3023 62 attraction attraction NN 39142 3023 63 of of IN 39142 3023 64 the the DT 39142 3023 65 whole whole JJ 39142 3023 66 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3023 67 universe universe NN 39142 3023 68 , , , 39142 3023 69 which which WDT 39142 3023 70 is be VBZ 39142 3023 71 sensibly sensibly RB 39142 3023 72 constant constant JJ 39142 3023 73 over over IN 39142 3023 74 the the DT 39142 3023 75 volume volume NN 39142 3023 76 of of IN 39142 3023 77 space space NN 39142 3023 78 occupied occupy VBN 39142 3023 79 by by IN 39142 3023 80 a a DT 39142 3023 81 moving moving JJ 39142 3023 82 cluster cluster NN 39142 3023 83 . . . 39142 3023 84 " " '' 39142 3024 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39142 3024 2 LVI LVI NNP 39142 3024 3 THE the DT 39142 3024 4 TWO two CD 39142 3024 5 STAR STAR NNP 39142 3024 6 STREAMS streams NN 39142 3024 7 Consider consider VBP 39142 3024 8 the the DT 39142 3024 9 ships ship NNS 39142 3024 10 on on IN 39142 3024 11 the the DT 39142 3024 12 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 39142 3024 13 voyaging voyage VBG 39142 3024 14 between between IN 39142 3024 15 Europe Europe NNP 39142 3024 16 and and CC 39142 3024 17 America America NNP 39142 3024 18 : : : 39142 3024 19 at at IN 39142 3024 20 any any DT 39142 3024 21 one one CD 39142 3024 22 time time NN 39142 3024 23 there there EX 39142 3024 24 may may MD 39142 3024 25 be be VB 39142 3024 26 a a DT 39142 3024 27 hundred hundred CD 39142 3024 28 or or CC 39142 3024 29 more more JJR 39142 3024 30 , , , 39142 3024 31 all all DT 39142 3024 32 bound bind VBN 39142 3024 33 either either CC 39142 3024 34 east east NNP 39142 3024 35 or or CC 39142 3024 36 west west NNP 39142 3024 37 , , , 39142 3024 38 some some DT 39142 3024 39 moving move VBG 39142 3024 40 in in IN 39142 3024 41 interpenetrating interpenetrate VBG 39142 3024 42 groups group NNS 39142 3024 43 , , , 39142 3024 44 individuals individual NNS 39142 3024 45 frequently frequently RB 39142 3024 46 passing pass VBG 39142 3024 47 each each DT 39142 3024 48 other other JJ 39142 3024 49 , , , 39142 3024 50 but but CC 39142 3024 51 rarely rarely RB 39142 3024 52 or or CC 39142 3024 53 never never RB 39142 3024 54 colliding collide VBG 39142 3024 55 . . . 39142 3025 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 3025 2 might may MD 39142 3025 3 say say VB 39142 3025 4 , , , 39142 3025 5 there there EX 39142 3025 6 are be VBP 39142 3025 7 two two CD 39142 3025 8 great great JJ 39142 3025 9 streams stream NNS 39142 3025 10 of of IN 39142 3025 11 ships ship NNS 39142 3025 12 , , , 39142 3025 13 one one CD 39142 3025 14 moving move VBG 39142 3025 15 east east NN 39142 3025 16 and and CC 39142 3025 17 the the DT 39142 3025 18 other other JJ 39142 3025 19 west west NN 39142 3025 20 . . . 39142 3026 1 Now now RB 39142 3026 2 in in IN 39142 3026 3 place place NN 39142 3026 4 of of IN 39142 3026 5 each each DT 39142 3026 6 ship ship NN 39142 3026 7 , , , 39142 3026 8 imagine imagine VB 39142 3026 9 a a DT 39142 3026 10 hundred hundred CD 39142 3026 11 ships ship NNS 39142 3026 12 , , , 39142 3026 13 and and CC 39142 3026 14 magnify magnify VB 39142 3026 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3026 16 distances distance NNS 39142 3026 17 from from IN 39142 3026 18 each each DT 39142 3026 19 other other JJ 39142 3026 20 to to IN 39142 3026 21 the the DT 39142 3026 22 vast vast JJ 39142 3026 23 distances distance NNS 39142 3026 24 that that IN 39142 3026 25 the the DT 39142 3026 26 stars star NNS 39142 3026 27 are be VBP 39142 3026 28 from from IN 39142 3026 29 each each DT 39142 3026 30 other other JJ 39142 3026 31 , , , 39142 3026 32 and and CC 39142 3026 33 all all DT 39142 3026 34 in in IN 39142 3026 35 motion motion NN 39142 3026 36 in in IN 39142 3026 37 two two CD 39142 3026 38 great great JJ 39142 3026 39 streams stream NNS 39142 3026 40 as as IN 39142 3026 41 before before RB 39142 3026 42 . . . 39142 3027 1 This this DT 39142 3027 2 will will MD 39142 3027 3 convey convey VB 39142 3027 4 some some DT 39142 3027 5 idea idea NN 39142 3027 6 of of IN 39142 3027 7 the the DT 39142 3027 8 relatively relatively RB 39142 3027 9 recent recent JJ 39142 3027 10 discovery discovery NN 39142 3027 11 , , , 39142 3027 12 called call VBN 39142 3027 13 by by IN 39142 3027 14 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 3027 15 " " `` 39142 3027 16 star star NN 39142 3027 17 - - HYPH 39142 3027 18 streaming streaming NN 39142 3027 19 . . . 39142 3027 20 " " '' 39142 3028 1 Early early RB 39142 3028 2 in in IN 39142 3028 3 this this DT 39142 3028 4 century century NN 39142 3028 5 the the DT 39142 3028 6 investigation investigation NN 39142 3028 7 of of IN 39142 3028 8 moving move VBG 39142 3028 9 clusters cluster NNS 39142 3028 10 began begin VBD 39142 3028 11 to to TO 39142 3028 12 reveal reveal VB 39142 3028 13 the the DT 39142 3028 14 fact fact NN 39142 3028 15 that that IN 39142 3028 16 the the DT 39142 3028 17 motions motion NNS 39142 3028 18 of of IN 39142 3028 19 the the DT 39142 3028 20 stars star NNS 39142 3028 21 were be VBD 39142 3028 22 not not RB 39142 3028 23 at at RB 39142 3028 24 random random JJ 39142 3028 25 throughout throughout IN 39142 3028 26 the the DT 39142 3028 27 universe universe NN 39142 3028 28 , , , 39142 3028 29 and and CC 39142 3028 30 about about RB 39142 3028 31 1904 1904 CD 39142 3028 32 Kapteyn Kapteyn NNP 39142 3028 33 was be VBD 39142 3028 34 the the DT 39142 3028 35 first first JJ 39142 3028 36 to to TO 39142 3028 37 show show VB 39142 3028 38 that that IN 39142 3028 39 the the DT 39142 3028 40 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3028 41 motions motion NNS 39142 3028 42 considered consider VBN 39142 3028 43 in in IN 39142 3028 44 great great JJ 39142 3028 45 groups group NNS 39142 3028 46 are be VBP 39142 3028 47 very very RB 39142 3028 48 far far RB 39142 3028 49 from from IN 39142 3028 50 being be VBG 39142 3028 51 haphazard haphazard RB 39142 3028 52 , , , 39142 3028 53 but but CC 39142 3028 54 that that IN 39142 3028 55 the the DT 39142 3028 56 stars star NNS 39142 3028 57 tend tend VBP 39142 3028 58 to to TO 39142 3028 59 travel travel VB 39142 3028 60 in in IN 39142 3028 61 two two CD 39142 3028 62 great great JJ 39142 3028 63 streams stream NNS 39142 3028 64 , , , 39142 3028 65 or or CC 39142 3028 66 favored favor VBN 39142 3028 67 directions direction NNS 39142 3028 68 . . . 39142 3029 1 This this DT 39142 3029 2 was be VBD 39142 3029 3 ascertained ascertain VBN 39142 3029 4 by by IN 39142 3029 5 analyzing analyze VBG 39142 3029 6 the the DT 39142 3029 7 proper proper JJ 39142 3029 8 motions motion NNS 39142 3029 9 of of IN 39142 3029 10 stars star NNS 39142 3029 11 in in IN 39142 3029 12 the the DT 39142 3029 13 sky sky NN 39142 3029 14 , , , 39142 3029 15 many many JJ 39142 3029 16 thousands thousand NNS 39142 3029 17 of of IN 39142 3029 18 them -PRON- PRP 39142 3029 19 , , , 39142 3029 20 and and CC 39142 3029 21 correcting correct VBG 39142 3029 22 all all DT 39142 3029 23 for for IN 39142 3029 24 the the DT 39142 3029 25 effect effect NN 39142 3029 26 which which WDT 39142 3029 27 the the DT 39142 3029 28 known know VBN 39142 3029 29 motion motion NN 39142 3029 30 of of IN 39142 3029 31 the the DT 39142 3029 32 sun sun NN 39142 3029 33 would would MD 39142 3029 34 have have VB 39142 3029 35 upon upon IN 39142 3029 36 them -PRON- PRP 39142 3029 37 . . . 39142 3030 1 The the DT 39142 3030 2 corrected correct VBN 39142 3030 3 motion motion NN 39142 3030 4 , , , 39142 3030 5 or or CC 39142 3030 6 part part NN 39142 3030 7 that that WDT 39142 3030 8 is be VBZ 39142 3030 9 left leave VBN 39142 3030 10 over over RP 39142 3030 11 , , , 39142 3030 12 is be VBZ 39142 3030 13 known know VBN 39142 3030 14 as as IN 39142 3030 15 the the DT 39142 3030 16 star star NN 39142 3030 17 's 's POS 39142 3030 18 own own JJ 39142 3030 19 motion motion NN 39142 3030 20 , , , 39142 3030 21 or or CC 39142 3030 22 _ _ NNP 39142 3030 23 motus motus NNP 39142 3030 24 peculiaris peculiaris NNP 39142 3030 25 _ _ NNP 39142 3030 26 . . . 39142 3031 1 This this DT 39142 3031 2 important important JJ 39142 3031 3 investigation investigation NN 39142 3031 4 was be VBD 39142 3031 5 very very RB 39142 3031 6 greatly greatly RB 39142 3031 7 facilitated facilitate VBN 39142 3031 8 by by IN 39142 3031 9 the the DT 39142 3031 10 general general JJ 39142 3031 11 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 3031 12 of of IN 39142 3031 13 6,188 6,188 CD 39142 3031 14 stars star NNS 39142 3031 15 well well RB 39142 3031 16 distributed distribute VBN 39142 3031 17 over over IN 39142 3031 18 the the DT 39142 3031 19 entire entire JJ 39142 3031 20 sky sky NN 39142 3031 21 , , , 39142 3031 22 the the DT 39142 3031 23 work work NN 39142 3031 24 of of IN 39142 3031 25 the the DT 39142 3031 26 late late JJ 39142 3031 27 Professor Professor NNP 39142 3031 28 Boss Boss NNP 39142 3031 29 . . . 39142 3032 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 3032 2 was be VBD 39142 3032 3 published publish VBN 39142 3032 4 by by IN 39142 3032 5 the the DT 39142 3032 6 Carnegie Carnegie NNP 39142 3032 7 Institution Institution NNP 39142 3032 8 of of IN 39142 3032 9 Washington Washington NNP 39142 3032 10 , , , 39142 3032 11 and and CC 39142 3032 12 includes include VBZ 39142 3032 13 all all DT 39142 3032 14 stars star NNS 39142 3032 15 down down RP 39142 3032 16 to to IN 39142 3032 17 the the DT 39142 3032 18 sixth sixth JJ 39142 3032 19 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 3032 20 . . . 39142 3033 1 Boss boss NN 39142 3033 2 was be VBD 39142 3033 3 very very RB 39142 3033 4 critical critical JJ 39142 3033 5 in in IN 39142 3033 6 the the DT 39142 3033 7 matter matter NN 39142 3033 8 of of IN 39142 3033 9 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3033 10 positions position NNS 39142 3033 11 and and CC 39142 3033 12 proper proper JJ 39142 3033 13 motions motion NNS 39142 3033 14 and and CC 39142 3033 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3033 16 work work NN 39142 3033 17 is be VBZ 39142 3033 18 the the DT 39142 3033 19 most most RBS 39142 3033 20 accurate accurate JJ 39142 3033 21 at at IN 39142 3033 22 present present JJ 39142 3033 23 available available JJ 39142 3033 24 . . . 39142 3034 1 Excluding exclude VBG 39142 3034 2 stars star NNS 39142 3034 3 of of IN 39142 3034 4 the the DT 39142 3034 5 Orion Orion NNP 39142 3034 6 type type NN 39142 3034 7 and and CC 39142 3034 8 the the DT 39142 3034 9 known know VBN 39142 3034 10 members member NNS 39142 3034 11 of of IN 39142 3034 12 moving move VBG 39142 3034 13 clusters cluster NNS 39142 3034 14 , , , 39142 3034 15 Kapteyn Kapteyn NNP 39142 3034 16 's 's POS 39142 3034 17 investigation investigation NN 39142 3034 18 was be VBD 39142 3034 19 based base VBN 39142 3034 20 on on IN 39142 3034 21 5,322 5,322 CD 39142 3034 22 stars star NNS 39142 3034 23 , , , 39142 3034 24 which which WDT 39142 3034 25 he -PRON- PRP 39142 3034 26 divided divide VBD 39142 3034 27 into into IN 39142 3034 28 seventeen seventeen JJ 39142 3034 29 regions region NNS 39142 3034 30 of of IN 39142 3034 31 the the DT 39142 3034 32 sky sky NN 39142 3034 33 , , , 39142 3034 34 each each DT 39142 3034 35 northern northern JJ 39142 3034 36 region region NN 39142 3034 37 having have VBG 39142 3034 38 an an DT 39142 3034 39 antipodal antipodal NN 39142 3034 40 one one CD 39142 3034 41 in in IN 39142 3034 42 the the DT 39142 3034 43 southern southern JJ 39142 3034 44 hemisphere hemisphere NN 39142 3034 45 . . . 39142 3035 1 Mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 3035 2 analysis analysis NN 39142 3035 3 of of IN 39142 3035 4 these these DT 39142 3035 5 regions region NNS 39142 3035 6 showed show VBD 39142 3035 7 them -PRON- PRP 39142 3035 8 all all DT 39142 3035 9 in in IN 39142 3035 10 substantial substantial JJ 39142 3035 11 agreement agreement NN 39142 3035 12 , , , 39142 3035 13 with with IN 39142 3035 14 one one CD 39142 3035 15 exception exception NN 39142 3035 16 , , , 39142 3035 17 and and CC 39142 3035 18 enabled enable VBD 39142 3035 19 Kapteyn Kapteyn NNP 39142 3035 20 to to TO 39142 3035 21 draw draw VB 39142 3035 22 the the DT 39142 3035 23 conclusion conclusion NN 39142 3035 24 that that IN 39142 3035 25 the the DT 39142 3035 26 stars star NNS 39142 3035 27 of of IN 39142 3035 28 one one CD 39142 3035 29 stream stream NN 39142 3035 30 , , , 39142 3035 31 called call VBN 39142 3035 32 Drift Drift NNP 39142 3035 33 I I NNP 39142 3035 34 , , , 39142 3035 35 move move VB 39142 3035 36 with with IN 39142 3035 37 a a DT 39142 3035 38 speed speed NN 39142 3035 39 of of IN 39142 3035 40 thirty thirty CD 39142 3035 41 - - HYPH 39142 3035 42 two two CD 39142 3035 43 kilometers kilometer NNS 39142 3035 44 per per IN 39142 3035 45 second second NN 39142 3035 46 , , , 39142 3035 47 while while IN 39142 3035 48 those those DT 39142 3035 49 of of IN 39142 3035 50 the the DT 39142 3035 51 other other JJ 39142 3035 52 , , , 39142 3035 53 Drift Drift NNP 39142 3035 54 II II NNP 39142 3035 55 , , , 39142 3035 56 travel travel VBP 39142 3035 57 with with IN 39142 3035 58 a a DT 39142 3035 59 speed speed NN 39142 3035 60 of of IN 39142 3035 61 eighteen eighteen CD 39142 3035 62 kilometers kilometer NNS 39142 3035 63 per per IN 39142 3035 64 second second NN 39142 3035 65 . . . 39142 3036 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3036 2 directions direction NNS 39142 3036 3 are be VBP 39142 3036 4 not not RB 39142 3036 5 , , , 39142 3036 6 like like IN 39142 3036 7 those those DT 39142 3036 8 of of IN 39142 3036 9 east east NNP 39142 3036 10 and and CC 39142 3036 11 west west NNP 39142 3036 12 bound bind VBN 39142 3036 13 ships ship NNS 39142 3036 14 , , , 39142 3036 15 180 180 CD 39142 3036 16 degrees degree NNS 39142 3036 17 from from IN 39142 3036 18 each each DT 39142 3036 19 other other JJ 39142 3036 20 , , , 39142 3036 21 but but CC 39142 3036 22 are be VBP 39142 3036 23 inclined incline VBN 39142 3036 24 at at IN 39142 3036 25 an an DT 39142 3036 26 angle angle NN 39142 3036 27 of of IN 39142 3036 28 100 100 CD 39142 3036 29 degrees degree NNS 39142 3036 30 . . . 39142 3037 1 Drift Drift NNP 39142 3037 2 I -PRON- PRP 39142 3037 3 embraces embrace VBZ 39142 3037 4 about about RB 39142 3037 5 three three CD 39142 3037 6 - - HYPH 39142 3037 7 fifths fifth NNS 39142 3037 8 of of IN 39142 3037 9 the the DT 39142 3037 10 stars star NNS 39142 3037 11 , , , 39142 3037 12 and and CC 39142 3037 13 Drift Drift NNP 39142 3037 14 II II NNP 39142 3037 15 the the DT 39142 3037 16 remaining remain VBG 39142 3037 17 two two CD 39142 3037 18 - - HYPH 39142 3037 19 fifths fifth NNS 39142 3037 20 . . . 39142 3038 1 Quite quite RB 39142 3038 2 as as RB 39142 3038 3 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 3038 4 as as IN 39142 3038 5 the the DT 39142 3038 6 drifts drift NNS 39142 3038 7 themselves -PRON- PRP 39142 3038 8 is be VBZ 39142 3038 9 the the DT 39142 3038 10 fact fact NN 39142 3038 11 that that IN 39142 3038 12 the the DT 39142 3038 13 relative relative JJ 39142 3038 14 motion motion NN 39142 3038 15 of of IN 39142 3038 16 the the DT 39142 3038 17 two two CD 39142 3038 18 is be VBZ 39142 3038 19 very very RB 39142 3038 20 closely closely RB 39142 3038 21 parallel parallel JJ 39142 3038 22 to to IN 39142 3038 23 the the DT 39142 3038 24 plane plane NN 39142 3038 25 of of IN 39142 3038 26 the the DT 39142 3038 27 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3038 28 Way Way NNP 39142 3038 29 . . . 39142 3039 1 This this DT 39142 3039 2 epochal epochal NN 39142 3039 3 research research NN 39142 3039 4 has have VBZ 39142 3039 5 very very RB 39142 3039 6 great great JJ 39142 3039 7 significance significance NN 39142 3039 8 in in IN 39142 3039 9 all all DT 39142 3039 10 investigations investigation NNS 39142 3039 11 of of IN 39142 3039 12 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3039 13 motions motion NNS 39142 3039 14 , , , 39142 3039 15 and and CC 39142 3039 16 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3039 17 has have VBZ 39142 3039 18 been be VBN 39142 3039 19 verified verify VBN 39142 3039 20 in in IN 39142 3039 21 various various JJ 39142 3039 22 ways way NNS 39142 3039 23 , , , 39142 3039 24 particularly particularly RB 39142 3039 25 by by IN 39142 3039 26 the the DT 39142 3039 27 Astronomer Astronomer NNP 39142 3039 28 Royal Royal NNP 39142 3039 29 , , , 39142 3039 30 Sir Sir NNP 39142 3039 31 Frank Frank NNP 39142 3039 32 Dyson Dyson NNP 39142 3039 33 , , , 39142 3039 34 who who WP 39142 3039 35 limited limit VBD 39142 3039 36 the the DT 39142 3039 37 stars star NNS 39142 3039 38 under under IN 39142 3039 39 consideration consideration NN 39142 3039 40 to to IN 39142 3039 41 1,924 1,924 CD 39142 3039 42 in in IN 39142 3039 43 number number NN 39142 3039 44 , , , 39142 3039 45 but but CC 39142 3039 46 all all DT 39142 3039 47 having have VBG 39142 3039 48 very very RB 39142 3039 49 large large JJ 39142 3039 50 proper proper JJ 39142 3039 51 motions motion NNS 39142 3039 52 . . . 39142 3040 1 In in IN 39142 3040 2 this this DT 39142 3040 3 way way NN 39142 3040 4 the the DT 39142 3040 5 two two CD 39142 3040 6 streams stream NNS 39142 3040 7 are be VBP 39142 3040 8 even even RB 39142 3040 9 more more RBR 39142 3040 10 characteristically characteristically RB 39142 3040 11 marked mark VBN 39142 3040 12 . . . 39142 3041 1 But but CC 39142 3041 2 radial radial JJ 39142 3041 3 velocity velocity NN 39142 3041 4 determinations determination NNS 39142 3041 5 afford afford VBP 39142 3041 6 the the DT 39142 3041 7 ultimate ultimate JJ 39142 3041 8 and and CC 39142 3041 9 most most RBS 39142 3041 10 satisfactory satisfactory JJ 39142 3041 11 test test NN 39142 3041 12 , , , 39142 3041 13 and and CC 39142 3041 14 Campbell Campbell NNP 39142 3041 15 has have VBZ 39142 3041 16 this this DT 39142 3041 17 investigation investigation NN 39142 3041 18 in in IN 39142 3041 19 hand hand NN 39142 3041 20 , , , 39142 3041 21 classifying classify VBG 39142 3041 22 the the DT 39142 3041 23 stars star NNS 39142 3041 24 in in IN 39142 3041 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3041 26 streaming streaming NN 39142 3041 27 according accord VBG 39142 3041 28 to to IN 39142 3041 29 the the DT 39142 3041 30 type type NN 39142 3041 31 . . . 39142 3042 1 Type type VB 39142 3042 2 A a DT 39142 3042 3 stars star NNS 39142 3042 4 are be VBP 39142 3042 5 so so RB 39142 3042 6 far far RB 39142 3042 7 found find VBN 39142 3042 8 to to TO 39142 3042 9 be be VB 39142 3042 10 confirmatory confirmatory JJ 39142 3042 11 . . . 39142 3043 1 Turning turn VBG 39142 3043 2 to to IN 39142 3043 3 the the DT 39142 3043 4 question question NN 39142 3043 5 of of IN 39142 3043 6 physical physical JJ 39142 3043 7 differences difference NNS 39142 3043 8 between between IN 39142 3043 9 the the DT 39142 3043 10 stars star NNS 39142 3043 11 of of IN 39142 3043 12 the the DT 39142 3043 13 two two CD 39142 3043 14 streams stream NNS 39142 3043 15 , , , 39142 3043 16 Eddington Eddington NNP 39142 3043 17 inquires inquire VBZ 39142 3043 18 into into IN 39142 3043 19 the the DT 39142 3043 20 average average JJ 39142 3043 21 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 3043 22 of of IN 39142 3043 23 the the DT 39142 3043 24 stars star NNS 39142 3043 25 in in IN 39142 3043 26 both both DT 39142 3043 27 drifts drift NNS 39142 3043 28 , , , 39142 3043 29 and and CC 39142 3043 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3043 31 spectral spectral JJ 39142 3043 32 type type NN 39142 3043 33 . . . 39142 3044 1 Also also RB 39142 3044 2 whether whether IN 39142 3044 3 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3044 4 are be VBP 39142 3044 5 distributed distribute VBN 39142 3044 6 at at IN 39142 3044 7 the the DT 39142 3044 8 same same JJ 39142 3044 9 distance distance NN 39142 3044 10 from from IN 39142 3044 11 the the DT 39142 3044 12 sun sun NN 39142 3044 13 , , , 39142 3044 14 and and CC 39142 3044 15 in in IN 39142 3044 16 the the DT 39142 3044 17 same same JJ 39142 3044 18 proportion proportion NN 39142 3044 19 in in IN 39142 3044 20 all all DT 39142 3044 21 parts part NNS 39142 3044 22 of of IN 39142 3044 23 the the DT 39142 3044 24 sky sky NN 39142 3044 25 . . . 39142 3045 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3045 2 conclusion conclusion NN 39142 3045 3 is be VBZ 39142 3045 4 that that IN 39142 3045 5 there there EX 39142 3045 6 is be VBZ 39142 3045 7 no no DT 39142 3045 8 important important JJ 39142 3045 9 difference difference NN 39142 3045 10 in in IN 39142 3045 11 the the DT 39142 3045 12 magnitudes magnitude NNS 39142 3045 13 of of IN 39142 3045 14 the the DT 39142 3045 15 stars star NNS 39142 3045 16 constituting constitute VBG 39142 3045 17 the the DT 39142 3045 18 two two CD 39142 3045 19 drifts drift NNS 39142 3045 20 . . . 39142 3046 1 Regarding regard VBG 39142 3046 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3046 3 spectra spectra NN 39142 3046 4 , , , 39142 3046 5 stars star NNS 39142 3046 6 of of IN 39142 3046 7 early early JJ 39142 3046 8 and and CC 39142 3046 9 late late JJ 39142 3046 10 types type NNS 39142 3046 11 are be VBP 39142 3046 12 found find VBN 39142 3046 13 in in IN 39142 3046 14 both both DT 39142 3046 15 streams stream NNS 39142 3046 16 , , , 39142 3046 17 with with IN 39142 3046 18 a a DT 39142 3046 19 somewhat somewhat RB 39142 3046 20 higher high JJR 39142 3046 21 proportion proportion NN 39142 3046 22 of of IN 39142 3046 23 late late JJ 39142 3046 24 types type NNS 39142 3046 25 among among IN 39142 3046 26 the the DT 39142 3046 27 stars star NNS 39142 3046 28 of of IN 39142 3046 29 Drift Drift NNP 39142 3046 30 II II NNP 39142 3046 31 than than IN 39142 3046 32 those those DT 39142 3046 33 of of IN 39142 3046 34 Drift Drift NNP 39142 3046 35 I. I. NNP 39142 3046 36 Campbell Campbell NNP 39142 3046 37 and and CC 39142 3046 38 Moore Moore NNP 39142 3046 39 of of IN 39142 3046 40 the the DT 39142 3046 41 Lick Lick NNP 39142 3046 42 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 3046 43 have have VBP 39142 3046 44 investigated investigate VBN 39142 3046 45 seventy seventy CD 39142 3046 46 - - HYPH 39142 3046 47 three three CD 39142 3046 48 planetary planetary NN 39142 3046 49 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3046 50 which which WDT 39142 3046 51 exhibit exhibit VBP 39142 3046 52 the the DT 39142 3046 53 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 3046 54 of of IN 39142 3046 55 star star NN 39142 3046 56 - - HYPH 39142 3046 57 streaming streaming NN 39142 3046 58 , , , 39142 3046 59 and and CC 39142 3046 60 have have VBP 39142 3046 61 motions motion NNS 39142 3046 62 which which WDT 39142 3046 63 are be VBP 39142 3046 64 characteristic characteristic JJ 39142 3046 65 of of IN 39142 3046 66 the the DT 39142 3046 67 stars star NNS 39142 3046 68 . . . 39142 3047 1 Dealing deal VBG 39142 3047 2 with with IN 39142 3047 3 the the DT 39142 3047 4 very very RB 39142 3047 5 important important JJ 39142 3047 6 question question NN 39142 3047 7 whether whether IN 39142 3047 8 the the DT 39142 3047 9 two two CD 39142 3047 10 streams stream NNS 39142 3047 11 are be VBP 39142 3047 12 actually actually RB 39142 3047 13 intermingled intermingle VBN 39142 3047 14 in in IN 39142 3047 15 space space NN 39142 3047 16 , , , 39142 3047 17 Eddington Eddington NNP 39142 3047 18 finds find VBZ 39142 3047 19 them -PRON- PRP 39142 3047 20 nearly nearly RB 39142 3047 21 at at IN 39142 3047 22 the the DT 39142 3047 23 same same JJ 39142 3047 24 mean mean JJ 39142 3047 25 distance distance NN 39142 3047 26 and and CC 39142 3047 27 thoroughly thoroughly RB 39142 3047 28 intermingled intermingle VBN 39142 3047 29 , , , 39142 3047 30 and and CC 39142 3047 31 there there EX 39142 3047 32 is be VBZ 39142 3047 33 no no DT 39142 3047 34 possible possible JJ 39142 3047 35 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 3047 36 of of IN 39142 3047 37 Drifts Drifts NNP 39142 3047 38 I I NNP 39142 3047 39 and and CC 39142 3047 40 II ii CD 39142 3047 41 passing pass VBG 39142 3047 42 one one CD 39142 3047 43 behind behind IN 39142 3047 44 the the DT 39142 3047 45 other other JJ 39142 3047 46 in in IN 39142 3047 47 the the DT 39142 3047 48 same same JJ 39142 3047 49 line line NN 39142 3047 50 of of IN 39142 3047 51 sight sight NN 39142 3047 52 . . . 39142 3048 1 A a DT 39142 3048 2 third third JJ 39142 3048 3 drift drift NN 39142 3048 4 , , , 39142 3048 5 to to TO 39142 3048 6 which which WDT 39142 3048 7 all all PDT 39142 3048 8 the the DT 39142 3048 9 Orion Orion NNP 39142 3048 10 stars star NNS 39142 3048 11 belong belong VBP 39142 3048 12 , , , 39142 3048 13 is be VBZ 39142 3048 14 under under IN 39142 3048 15 investigation investigation NN 39142 3048 16 , , , 39142 3048 17 together together RB 39142 3048 18 with with IN 39142 3048 19 comprehensive comprehensive JJ 39142 3048 20 analysis analysis NN 39142 3048 21 of of IN 39142 3048 22 the the DT 39142 3048 23 drifts drift NNS 39142 3048 24 according accord VBG 39142 3048 25 to to IN 39142 3048 26 the the DT 39142 3048 27 spectral spectral JJ 39142 3048 28 type type NN 39142 3048 29 of of IN 39142 3048 30 all all PDT 39142 3048 31 the the DT 39142 3048 32 stars star NNS 39142 3048 33 included include VBN 39142 3048 34 . . . 39142 3049 1 The the DT 39142 3049 2 farther farther JJ 39142 3049 3 research research NN 39142 3049 4 on on IN 39142 3049 5 star star NN 39142 3049 6 - - HYPH 39142 3049 7 streaming streaming NN 39142 3049 8 is be VBZ 39142 3049 9 pushed push VBN 39142 3049 10 , , , 39142 3049 11 the the DT 39142 3049 12 more more RBR 39142 3049 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3049 14 becomes become VBZ 39142 3049 15 evident evident JJ 39142 3049 16 that that IN 39142 3049 17 a a DT 39142 3049 18 third third JJ 39142 3049 19 stream stream NN 39142 3049 20 , , , 39142 3049 21 called call VBN 39142 3049 22 Drift Drift NNP 39142 3049 23 O O NNP 39142 3049 24 , , , 39142 3049 25 is be VBZ 39142 3049 26 necessary necessary JJ 39142 3049 27 , , , 39142 3049 28 especially especially RB 39142 3049 29 to to TO 39142 3049 30 include include VB 39142 3049 31 B b NN 39142 3049 32 - - HYPH 39142 3049 33 type type NN 39142 3049 34 stars star NNS 39142 3049 35 . . . 39142 3050 1 The the DT 39142 3050 2 farther far RBR 39142 3050 3 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3050 4 recede recede VBP 39142 3050 5 from from IN 39142 3050 6 the the DT 39142 3050 7 sun sun NN 39142 3050 8 , , , 39142 3050 9 the the DT 39142 3050 10 more more RBR 39142 3050 11 this this DT 39142 3050 12 drift drift NN 39142 3050 13 is be VBZ 39142 3050 14 in in IN 39142 3050 15 evidence evidence NN 39142 3050 16 . . . 39142 3051 1 At at IN 39142 3051 2 the the DT 39142 3051 3 average average JJ 39142 3051 4 distances distance NNS 39142 3051 5 of of IN 39142 3051 6 B b NN 39142 3051 7 - - HYPH 39142 3051 8 type type NN 39142 3051 9 stars star NNS 39142 3051 10 , , , 39142 3051 11 the the DT 39142 3051 12 observed observed JJ 39142 3051 13 motions motion NNS 39142 3051 14 are be VBP 39142 3051 15 almost almost RB 39142 3051 16 completely completely RB 39142 3051 17 represented represent VBN 39142 3051 18 by by IN 39142 3051 19 Drift Drift NNP 39142 3051 20 O o UH 39142 3051 21 alone alone RB 39142 3051 22 . . . 39142 3052 1 Halm Halm NNP 39142 3052 2 of of IN 39142 3052 3 Cape Cape NNP 39142 3052 4 Town Town NNP 39142 3052 5 concludes conclude VBZ 39142 3052 6 from from IN 39142 3052 7 recent recent JJ 39142 3052 8 investigations investigation NNS 39142 3052 9 that that WDT 39142 3052 10 the the DT 39142 3052 11 double double JJ 39142 3052 12 - - HYPH 39142 3052 13 drift drift NN 39142 3052 14 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 3052 15 ( ( -LRB- 39142 3052 16 Drifts Drifts NNP 39142 3052 17 I I NNP 39142 3052 18 and and CC 39142 3052 19 II II NNP 39142 3052 20 ) ) -RRB- 39142 3052 21 is be VBZ 39142 3052 22 of of IN 39142 3052 23 a a DT 39142 3052 24 distinctly distinctly RB 39142 3052 25 _ _ NNP 39142 3052 26 local local JJ 39142 3052 27 _ _ NNP 39142 3052 28 character character NN 39142 3052 29 , , , 39142 3052 30 and and CC 39142 3052 31 concerns concern VBZ 39142 3052 32 chiefly chiefly RB 39142 3052 33 the the DT 39142 3052 34 stars star NNS 39142 3052 35 in in IN 39142 3052 36 the the DT 39142 3052 37 vicinity vicinity NN 39142 3052 38 of of IN 39142 3052 39 the the DT 39142 3052 40 solar solar JJ 39142 3052 41 system system NN 39142 3052 42 ; ; : 39142 3052 43 while while IN 39142 3052 44 stars star NNS 39142 3052 45 at at IN 39142 3052 46 the the DT 39142 3052 47 greatest great JJS 39142 3052 48 distances distance NNS 39142 3052 49 from from IN 39142 3052 50 the the DT 39142 3052 51 sun sun NN 39142 3052 52 belong belong VBP 39142 3052 53 preeminently preeminently RB 39142 3052 54 to to IN 39142 3052 55 Drift Drift NNP 39142 3052 56 O. O. NNP 39142 3053 1 The the DT 39142 3053 2 60-inch 60-inch CD 39142 3053 3 reflector reflector NN 39142 3053 4 on on IN 39142 3053 5 Mount Mount NNP 39142 3053 6 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 3053 7 gathers gather NNS 39142 3053 8 sufficient sufficient JJ 39142 3053 9 light light NN 39142 3053 10 so so IN 39142 3053 11 that that IN 39142 3053 12 the the DT 39142 3053 13 spectra spectra NN 39142 3053 14 of of IN 39142 3053 15 very very RB 39142 3053 16 faint faint JJ 39142 3053 17 stars star NNS 39142 3053 18 can can MD 39142 3053 19 be be VB 39142 3053 20 photographed photograph VBN 39142 3053 21 , , , 39142 3053 22 and and CC 39142 3053 23 a a DT 39142 3053 24 discussion discussion NN 39142 3053 25 of of IN 39142 3053 26 velocities velocity NNS 39142 3053 27 derived derive VBN 39142 3053 28 in in IN 39142 3053 29 this this DT 39142 3053 30 manner manner NN 39142 3053 31 has have VBZ 39142 3053 32 shown show VBN 39142 3053 33 that that IN 39142 3053 34 Kapteyn Kapteyn NNP 39142 3053 35 's 's POS 39142 3053 36 two two CD 39142 3053 37 star star NN 39142 3053 38 streams stream NNS 39142 3053 39 extend extend VBP 39142 3053 40 into into IN 39142 3053 41 space space NN 39142 3053 42 much much RB 39142 3053 43 farther far RBR 39142 3053 44 than than IN 39142 3053 45 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3053 46 was be VBD 39142 3053 47 possible possible JJ 39142 3053 48 to to TO 39142 3053 49 trace trace VB 39142 3053 50 them -PRON- PRP 39142 3053 51 with with IN 39142 3053 52 the the DT 39142 3053 53 nearer nearer JJ 39142 3053 54 stars star NNS 39142 3053 55 . . . 39142 3054 1 Star star NN 39142 3054 2 - - HYPH 39142 3054 3 streaming streaming NN 39142 3054 4 , , , 39142 3054 5 then then RB 39142 3054 6 , , , 39142 3054 7 may may MD 39142 3054 8 be be VB 39142 3054 9 a a DT 39142 3054 10 phenomenon phenomenon NN 39142 3054 11 of of IN 39142 3054 12 the the DT 39142 3054 13 widest wide JJS 39142 3054 14 significance significance NN 39142 3054 15 in in IN 39142 3054 16 reference reference NN 39142 3054 17 to to IN 39142 3054 18 the the DT 39142 3054 19 entire entire JJ 39142 3054 20 universe universe NN 39142 3054 21 . . . 39142 3055 1 As as IN 39142 3055 2 to to IN 39142 3055 3 the the DT 39142 3055 4 fundamental fundamental JJ 39142 3055 5 causes cause NNS 39142 3055 6 for for IN 39142 3055 7 the the DT 39142 3055 8 two two CD 39142 3055 9 opposite opposite JJ 39142 3055 10 and and CC 39142 3055 11 nearly nearly RB 39142 3055 12 equal equal JJ 39142 3055 13 star star NN 39142 3055 14 streams stream NNS 39142 3055 15 , , , 39142 3055 16 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3055 17 is be VBZ 39142 3055 18 early early JJ 39142 3055 19 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 3055 20 to to TO 39142 3055 21 even even RB 39142 3055 22 theorize theorize VB 39142 3055 23 upon upon IN 39142 3055 24 the the DT 39142 3055 25 subject subject NN 39142 3055 26 . . . 39142 3056 1 Eddington Eddington NNP 39142 3056 2 , , , 39142 3056 3 however however RB 39142 3056 4 , , , 39142 3056 5 finds find VBZ 39142 3056 6 a a DT 39142 3056 7 possible possible JJ 39142 3056 8 explanation explanation NN 39142 3056 9 in in IN 39142 3056 10 the the DT 39142 3056 11 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3056 12 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3056 13 , , , 39142 3056 14 which which WDT 39142 3056 15 are be VBP 39142 3056 16 so so RB 39142 3056 17 numerous numerous JJ 39142 3056 18 as as IN 39142 3056 19 to to TO 39142 3056 20 indicate indicate VB 39142 3056 21 the the DT 39142 3056 22 certainty certainty NN 39142 3056 23 of of IN 39142 3056 24 an an DT 39142 3056 25 almost almost RB 39142 3056 26 universal universal JJ 39142 3056 27 law law NN 39142 3056 28 compelling compelling NN 39142 3056 29 matter matter NN 39142 3056 30 to to TO 39142 3056 31 flow flow VB 39142 3056 32 in in IN 39142 3056 33 these these DT 39142 3056 34 forms form NNS 39142 3056 35 . . . 39142 3057 1 Why why WRB 39142 3057 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3057 3 does do VBZ 39142 3057 4 so so RB 39142 3057 5 , , , 39142 3057 6 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3057 7 can can MD 39142 3057 8 not not RB 39142 3057 9 be be VB 39142 3057 10 said say VBN 39142 3057 11 to to TO 39142 3057 12 know know VB 39142 3057 13 ; ; : 39142 3057 14 but but CC 39142 3057 15 obviously obviously RB 39142 3057 16 matter matter NN 39142 3057 17 is be VBZ 39142 3057 18 either either CC 39142 3057 19 flowing flow VBG 39142 3057 20 into into IN 39142 3057 21 the the DT 39142 3057 22 nucleus nucleus NN 39142 3057 23 from from IN 39142 3057 24 the the DT 39142 3057 25 branches branch NNS 39142 3057 26 of of IN 39142 3057 27 the the DT 39142 3057 28 spiral spiral NN 39142 3057 29 , , , 39142 3057 30 or or CC 39142 3057 31 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3057 32 is be VBZ 39142 3057 33 flowing flow VBG 39142 3057 34 out out RP 39142 3057 35 from from IN 39142 3057 36 the the DT 39142 3057 37 nucleus nucleus NN 39142 3057 38 into into IN 39142 3057 39 the the DT 39142 3057 40 branches branch NNS 39142 3057 41 . . . 39142 3058 1 Which which WDT 39142 3058 2 of of IN 39142 3058 3 the the DT 39142 3058 4 two two CD 39142 3058 5 directions direction NNS 39142 3058 6 does do VBZ 39142 3058 7 not not RB 39142 3058 8 matter matter VB 39142 3058 9 , , , 39142 3058 10 because because IN 39142 3058 11 in in IN 39142 3058 12 either either DT 39142 3058 13 case case NN 39142 3058 14 there there EX 39142 3058 15 would would MD 39142 3058 16 be be VB 39142 3058 17 currents current NNS 39142 3058 18 of of IN 39142 3058 19 matter matter NN 39142 3058 20 in in IN 39142 3058 21 opposite opposite JJ 39142 3058 22 directions direction NNS 39142 3058 23 at at IN 39142 3058 24 the the DT 39142 3058 25 points point NNS 39142 3058 26 where where WRB 39142 3058 27 the the DT 39142 3058 28 arms arm NNS 39142 3058 29 merge merge VBP 39142 3058 30 in in IN 39142 3058 31 the the DT 39142 3058 32 central central JJ 39142 3058 33 aggregation aggregation NN 39142 3058 34 . . . 39142 3059 1 The the DT 39142 3059 2 currents current NNS 39142 3059 3 continue continue VBP 39142 3059 4 through through IN 39142 3059 5 the the DT 39142 3059 6 center center NN 39142 3059 7 , , , 39142 3059 8 because because IN 39142 3059 9 the the DT 39142 3059 10 stars star NNS 39142 3059 11 do do VBP 39142 3059 12 not not RB 39142 3059 13 interfere interfere VB 39142 3059 14 with with IN 39142 3059 15 one one CD 39142 3059 16 another another DT 39142 3059 17 's 's POS 39142 3059 18 paths path NNS 39142 3059 19 . . . 39142 3060 1 As as IN 39142 3060 2 Eddington Eddington NNP 39142 3060 3 concludes conclude VBZ 39142 3060 4 : : : 39142 3060 5 " " `` 39142 3060 6 There there RB 39142 3060 7 then then RB 39142 3060 8 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3060 9 have have VBP 39142 3060 10 an an DT 39142 3060 11 explanation explanation NN 39142 3060 12 of of IN 39142 3060 13 the the DT 39142 3060 14 prevalence prevalence NN 39142 3060 15 of of IN 39142 3060 16 motions motion NNS 39142 3060 17 to to IN 39142 3060 18 and and CC 39142 3060 19 fro fro NNP 39142 3060 20 in in IN 39142 3060 21 a a DT 39142 3060 22 particular particular JJ 39142 3060 23 straight straight JJ 39142 3060 24 line line NN 39142 3060 25 ; ; : 39142 3060 26 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3060 27 is be VBZ 39142 3060 28 the the DT 39142 3060 29 line line NN 39142 3060 30 from from IN 39142 3060 31 which which WDT 39142 3060 32 the the DT 39142 3060 33 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3060 34 branches branch NNS 39142 3060 35 start start VBP 39142 3060 36 out out RP 39142 3060 37 . . . 39142 3061 1 The the DT 39142 3061 2 two two CD 39142 3061 3 star star NN 39142 3061 4 streams stream NNS 39142 3061 5 and and CC 39142 3061 6 the the DT 39142 3061 7 double double JJ 39142 3061 8 - - HYPH 39142 3061 9 branched branched JJ 39142 3061 10 spirals spiral NNS 39142 3061 11 arise arise VBP 39142 3061 12 from from IN 39142 3061 13 the the DT 39142 3061 14 same same JJ 39142 3061 15 cause cause NN 39142 3061 16 . . . 39142 3061 17 " " '' 39142 3062 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 3062 2 LVII LVII NNP 39142 3062 3 THE the DT 39142 3062 4 GALAXY GALAXY NNP 39142 3062 5 OR OR NNP 39142 3062 6 MILKY MILKY NNP 39142 3062 7 WAY WAY NNP 39142 3062 8 Grandest Grandest NNP 39142 3062 9 of of IN 39142 3062 10 all all PDT 39142 3062 11 the the DT 39142 3062 12 problems problem NNS 39142 3062 13 that that WDT 39142 3062 14 have have VBP 39142 3062 15 occupied occupy VBN 39142 3062 16 the the DT 39142 3062 17 mind mind NN 39142 3062 18 of of IN 39142 3062 19 man man NN 39142 3062 20 is be VBZ 39142 3062 21 the the DT 39142 3062 22 distribution distribution NN 39142 3062 23 of of IN 39142 3062 24 the the DT 39142 3062 25 stars star NNS 39142 3062 26 throughout throughout IN 39142 3062 27 space space NN 39142 3062 28 . . . 39142 3063 1 To to IN 39142 3063 2 the the DT 39142 3063 3 earliest early JJS 39142 3063 4 astronomers astronomer NNS 39142 3063 5 who who WP 39142 3063 6 knew know VBD 39142 3063 7 nothing nothing NN 39142 3063 8 about about IN 39142 3063 9 the the DT 39142 3063 10 distances distance NNS 39142 3063 11 of of IN 39142 3063 12 the the DT 39142 3063 13 stars star NNS 39142 3063 14 , , , 39142 3063 15 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3063 16 was be VBD 39142 3063 17 not not RB 39142 3063 18 much much JJ 39142 3063 19 of of IN 39142 3063 20 a a DT 39142 3063 21 problem problem NN 39142 3063 22 because because IN 39142 3063 23 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3063 24 thought think VBD 39142 3063 25 all all PDT 39142 3063 26 the the DT 39142 3063 27 fixed fix VBN 39142 3063 28 stars star NNS 39142 3063 29 were be VBD 39142 3063 30 attached attach VBN 39142 3063 31 to to IN 39142 3063 32 a a DT 39142 3063 33 revolving revolving JJ 39142 3063 34 sphere sphere NN 39142 3063 35 , , , 39142 3063 36 and and CC 39142 3063 37 therefore therefore RB 39142 3063 38 all all RB 39142 3063 39 at at IN 39142 3063 40 essentially essentially RB 39142 3063 41 the the DT 39142 3063 42 same same JJ 39142 3063 43 distance distance NN 39142 3063 44 ; ; : 39142 3063 45 a a DT 39142 3063 46 very very RB 39142 3063 47 moderate moderate JJ 39142 3063 48 distance distance NN 39142 3063 49 , , , 39142 3063 50 too too RB 39142 3063 51 . . . 39142 3064 1 Even even RB 39142 3064 2 Kepler Kepler NNP 39142 3064 3 held hold VBD 39142 3064 4 the the DT 39142 3064 5 idea idea NN 39142 3064 6 that that IN 39142 3064 7 the the DT 39142 3064 8 distances distance NNS 39142 3064 9 of of IN 39142 3064 10 individual individual JJ 39142 3064 11 stars star NNS 39142 3064 12 from from IN 39142 3064 13 each each DT 39142 3064 14 other other JJ 39142 3064 15 are be VBP 39142 3064 16 much much RB 39142 3064 17 less less JJR 39142 3064 18 than than IN 39142 3064 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3064 20 distances distance NNS 39142 3064 21 from from IN 39142 3064 22 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3064 23 sun sun NN 39142 3064 24 . . . 39142 3065 1 Thomas Thomas NNP 39142 3065 2 Wright Wright NNP 39142 3065 3 , , , 39142 3065 4 of of IN 39142 3065 5 Durham Durham NNP 39142 3065 6 , , , 39142 3065 7 England England NNP 39142 3065 8 , , , 39142 3065 9 seems seem VBZ 39142 3065 10 to to TO 39142 3065 11 have have VB 39142 3065 12 been be VBN 39142 3065 13 the the DT 39142 3065 14 first first JJ 39142 3065 15 to to TO 39142 3065 16 suggest suggest VB 39142 3065 17 the the DT 39142 3065 18 modern modern JJ 39142 3065 19 theory theory NN 39142 3065 20 of of IN 39142 3065 21 the the DT 39142 3065 22 structure structure NN 39142 3065 23 of of IN 39142 3065 24 the the DT 39142 3065 25 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3065 26 universe universe NN 39142 3065 27 , , , 39142 3065 28 about about IN 39142 3065 29 the the DT 39142 3065 30 middle middle NN 39142 3065 31 of of IN 39142 3065 32 the the DT 39142 3065 33 eighteenth eighteenth JJ 39142 3065 34 century century NN 39142 3065 35 . . . 39142 3066 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3066 2 idea idea NN 39142 3066 3 was be VBD 39142 3066 4 taken take VBN 39142 3066 5 up up RP 39142 3066 6 by by IN 39142 3066 7 Kant Kant NNP 39142 3066 8 who who WP 39142 3066 9 elaborated elaborate VBD 39142 3066 10 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3066 11 more more RBR 39142 3066 12 fully fully RB 39142 3066 13 . . . 39142 3067 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 3067 2 is be VBZ 39142 3067 3 founded found VBN 39142 3067 4 on on IN 39142 3067 5 the the DT 39142 3067 6 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 3067 7 , , , 39142 3067 8 the the DT 39142 3067 9 basal basal NN 39142 3067 10 plane plane NN 39142 3067 11 of of IN 39142 3067 12 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3067 13 distribution distribution NN 39142 3067 14 , , , 39142 3067 15 just just RB 39142 3067 16 as as IN 39142 3067 17 the the DT 39142 3067 18 ecliptic ecliptic NN 39142 3067 19 is be VBZ 39142 3067 20 the the DT 39142 3067 21 fundamental fundamental JJ 39142 3067 22 circle circle NN 39142 3067 23 of of IN 39142 3067 24 reference reference NN 39142 3067 25 in in IN 39142 3067 26 the the DT 39142 3067 27 solar solar JJ 39142 3067 28 system system NN 39142 3067 29 . . . 39142 3068 1 What what WP 39142 3068 2 is be VBZ 39142 3068 3 the the DT 39142 3068 4 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 3068 5 or or CC 39142 3068 6 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3068 7 Way Way NNP 39142 3068 8 ? ? . 39142 3069 1 Here here RB 39142 3069 2 is be VBZ 39142 3069 3 a a DT 39142 3069 4 great great JJ 39142 3069 5 poet poet NN 39142 3069 6 's 's POS 39142 3069 7 view view NN 39142 3069 8 of of IN 39142 3069 9 the the DT 39142 3069 10 most most RBS 39142 3069 11 poetic poetic JJ 39142 3069 12 object object NN 39142 3069 13 in in IN 39142 3069 14 all all DT 39142 3069 15 nature nature NN 39142 3069 16 : : : 39142 3069 17 A a DT 39142 3069 18 broad broad JJ 39142 3069 19 and and CC 39142 3069 20 ample ample JJ 39142 3069 21 road road NN 39142 3069 22 , , , 39142 3069 23 whose whose WP$ 39142 3069 24 dust dust NN 39142 3069 25 is be VBZ 39142 3069 26 gold gold NN 39142 3069 27 , , , 39142 3069 28 And and CC 39142 3069 29 pavement pavement NN 39142 3069 30 stars star NNS 39142 3069 31 , , , 39142 3069 32 as as IN 39142 3069 33 stars star NNS 39142 3069 34 to to IN 39142 3069 35 thee thee NN 39142 3069 36 appear appear VB 39142 3069 37 Seen see VBN 39142 3069 38 in in IN 39142 3069 39 the the DT 39142 3069 40 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 3069 41 , , , 39142 3069 42 that that IN 39142 3069 43 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3069 44 Way Way NNP 39142 3069 45 Which which WDT 39142 3069 46 nightly nightly RB 39142 3069 47 as as IN 39142 3069 48 a a DT 39142 3069 49 circling circle VBG 39142 3069 50 zone zone NN 39142 3069 51 thou thou NNP 39142 3069 52 seest seest NNP 39142 3069 53 Powder'd Powder'd NNP 39142 3069 54 with with IN 39142 3069 55 stars star NNS 39142 3069 56 . . . 39142 3070 1 _ _ NNP 39142 3070 2 Milton Milton NNP 39142 3070 3 , , , 39142 3070 4 P. P. NNP 39142 3070 5 L. L. NNP 39142 3070 6 _ _ NNP 39142 3070 7 vii vii NN 39142 3070 8 , , , 39142 3070 9 580 580 CD 39142 3070 10 . . . 39142 3071 1 Were be VBD 39142 3071 2 the the DT 39142 3071 3 earth earth NN 39142 3071 4 transparent transparent JJ 39142 3071 5 as as IN 39142 3071 6 crystal crystal NN 39142 3071 7 , , , 39142 3071 8 so so IN 39142 3071 9 that that IN 39142 3071 10 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3071 11 could could MD 39142 3071 12 see see VB 39142 3071 13 downward downward RB 39142 3071 14 through through IN 39142 3071 15 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3071 16 and and CC 39142 3071 17 outward outward RB 39142 3071 18 in in IN 39142 3071 19 all all DT 39142 3071 20 directions direction NNS 39142 3071 21 to to IN 39142 3071 22 the the DT 39142 3071 23 celestial celestial JJ 39142 3071 24 sphere sphere NN 39142 3071 25 , , , 39142 3071 26 the the DT 39142 3071 27 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 3071 28 or or CC 39142 3071 29 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3071 30 Way Way NNP 39142 3071 31 would would MD 39142 3071 32 appear appear VB 39142 3071 33 as as IN 39142 3071 34 a a DT 39142 3071 35 belt belt NN 39142 3071 36 or or CC 39142 3071 37 zone zone NN 39142 3071 38 of of IN 39142 3071 39 cloudlike cloudlike NNP 39142 3071 40 luminosity luminosity NN 39142 3071 41 extending extend VBG 39142 3071 42 all all PDT 39142 3071 43 the the DT 39142 3071 44 way way NN 39142 3071 45 round round IN 39142 3071 46 the the DT 39142 3071 47 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 3071 48 . . . 39142 3072 1 As as IN 39142 3072 2 the the DT 39142 3072 3 horizon horizon NN 39142 3072 4 cuts cut VBZ 39142 3072 5 the the DT 39142 3072 6 celestial celestial JJ 39142 3072 7 sphere sphere NN 39142 3072 8 in in IN 39142 3072 9 two two CD 39142 3072 10 , , , 39142 3072 11 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3072 12 see see VBP 39142 3072 13 at at IN 39142 3072 14 anyone anyone NN 39142 3072 15 time time NN 39142 3072 16 only only RB 39142 3072 17 one one CD 39142 3072 18 - - HYPH 39142 3072 19 half half NN 39142 3072 20 of of IN 39142 3072 21 the the DT 39142 3072 22 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3072 23 Way Way NNP 39142 3072 24 , , , 39142 3072 25 spanning span VBG 39142 3072 26 the the DT 39142 3072 27 dome dome NN 39142 3072 28 of of IN 39142 3072 29 the the DT 39142 3072 30 sky sky NN 39142 3072 31 as as IN 39142 3072 32 a a DT 39142 3072 33 cloudlike cloudlike NN 39142 3072 34 arch arch NN 39142 3072 35 . . . 39142 3073 1 As as IN 39142 3073 2 the the DT 39142 3073 3 general general JJ 39142 3073 4 plane plane NN 39142 3073 5 of of IN 39142 3073 6 the the DT 39142 3073 7 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 3073 8 makes make VBZ 39142 3073 9 a a DT 39142 3073 10 large large JJ 39142 3073 11 angle angle NN 39142 3073 12 with with IN 39142 3073 13 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3073 14 equator equator NN 39142 3073 15 , , , 39142 3073 16 the the DT 39142 3073 17 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3073 18 Way Way NNP 39142 3073 19 is be VBZ 39142 3073 20 continually continually RB 39142 3073 21 changing change VBG 39142 3073 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3073 23 angle angle NN 39142 3073 24 with with IN 39142 3073 25 the the DT 39142 3073 26 horizon horizon NN 39142 3073 27 , , , 39142 3073 28 so so IN 39142 3073 29 that that IN 39142 3073 30 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3073 31 rises rise VBZ 39142 3073 32 at at IN 39142 3073 33 different different JJ 39142 3073 34 elevations elevation NNS 39142 3073 35 . . . 39142 3074 1 One one CD 39142 3074 2 - - HYPH 39142 3074 3 half half NN 39142 3074 4 of of IN 39142 3074 5 the the DT 39142 3074 6 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3074 7 Way Way NNP 39142 3074 8 will will MD 39142 3074 9 always always RB 39142 3074 10 be be VB 39142 3074 11 below below IN 39142 3074 12 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3074 13 horizon horizon NN 39142 3074 14 , , , 39142 3074 15 and and CC 39142 3074 16 a a DT 39142 3074 17 small small JJ 39142 3074 18 region region NN 39142 3074 19 of of IN 39142 3074 20 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3074 21 lies lie VBZ 39142 3074 22 so so RB 39142 3074 23 near near IN 39142 3074 24 the the DT 39142 3074 25 south south NNP 39142 3074 26 pole pole NNP 39142 3074 27 of of IN 39142 3074 28 the the DT 39142 3074 29 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 3074 30 that that WDT 39142 3074 31 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3074 32 can can MD 39142 3074 33 never never RB 39142 3074 34 be be VB 39142 3074 35 seen see VBN 39142 3074 36 from from IN 39142 3074 37 medium medium JJ 39142 3074 38 northern northern JJ 39142 3074 39 latitudes latitude NNS 39142 3074 40 . . . 39142 3075 1 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 3075 2 was be VBD 39142 3075 3 the the DT 39142 3075 4 first first JJ 39142 3075 5 to to TO 39142 3075 6 explain explain VB 39142 3075 7 the the DT 39142 3075 8 fundamental fundamental JJ 39142 3075 9 mystery mystery NN 39142 3075 10 of of IN 39142 3075 11 this this DT 39142 3075 12 belt belt NN 39142 3075 13 , , , 39142 3075 14 when when WRB 39142 3075 15 he -PRON- PRP 39142 3075 16 turned turn VBD 39142 3075 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3075 18 telescope telescope NN 39142 3075 19 upon upon IN 39142 3075 20 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3075 21 and and CC 39142 3075 22 found find VBD 39142 3075 23 that that IN 39142 3075 24 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3075 25 was be VBD 39142 3075 26 not not RB 39142 3075 27 a a DT 39142 3075 28 continuous continuous JJ 39142 3075 29 sheet sheet NN 39142 3075 30 of of IN 39142 3075 31 faint faint JJ 39142 3075 32 light light NN 39142 3075 33 , , , 39142 3075 34 as as IN 39142 3075 35 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3075 36 seemed seem VBD 39142 3075 37 to to TO 39142 3075 38 be be VB 39142 3075 39 , , , 39142 3075 40 but but CC 39142 3075 41 was be VBD 39142 3075 42 made make VBN 39142 3075 43 up up RP 39142 3075 44 of of IN 39142 3075 45 countless countless JJ 39142 3075 46 numbers number NNS 39142 3075 47 of of IN 39142 3075 48 stars star NNS 39142 3075 49 , , , 39142 3075 50 individually individually RB 39142 3075 51 too too RB 39142 3075 52 faint faint JJ 39142 3075 53 to to TO 39142 3075 54 be be VB 39142 3075 55 visible visible JJ 39142 3075 56 to to IN 39142 3075 57 the the DT 39142 3075 58 naked naked JJ 39142 3075 59 eye eye NN 39142 3075 60 , , , 39142 3075 61 but but CC 39142 3075 62 whose whose WP$ 39142 3075 63 vast vast JJ 39142 3075 64 number number NN 39142 3075 65 , , , 39142 3075 66 taken take VBN 39142 3075 67 in in IN 39142 3075 68 the the DT 39142 3075 69 aggregate aggregate NN 39142 3075 70 , , , 39142 3075 71 gave give VBD 39142 3075 72 the the DT 39142 3075 73 well well RB 39142 3075 74 - - HYPH 39142 3075 75 known know VBN 39142 3075 76 effect effect NN 39142 3075 77 which which WDT 39142 3075 78 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3075 79 see see VBP 39142 3075 80 in in IN 39142 3075 81 the the DT 39142 3075 82 sky sky NN 39142 3075 83 . . . 39142 3076 1 In in IN 39142 3076 2 some some DT 39142 3076 3 regions region NNS 39142 3076 4 , , , 39142 3076 5 as as IN 39142 3076 6 Perseus Perseus NNP 39142 3076 7 , , , 39142 3076 8 the the DT 39142 3076 9 stars star NNS 39142 3076 10 are be VBP 39142 3076 11 more more RBR 39142 3076 12 numerous numerous JJ 39142 3076 13 than than IN 39142 3076 14 in in IN 39142 3076 15 others other NNS 39142 3076 16 , , , 39142 3076 17 and and CC 39142 3076 18 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3076 19 are be VBP 39142 3076 20 gathered gather VBN 39142 3076 21 in in IN 39142 3076 22 close close JJ 39142 3076 23 clusters cluster NNS 39142 3076 24 . . . 39142 3077 1 The the DT 39142 3077 2 larger large JJR 39142 3077 3 the the DT 39142 3077 4 telescope telescope NN 39142 3077 5 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3077 6 employ employ VBP 39142 3077 7 , , , 39142 3077 8 the the DT 39142 3077 9 greater great JJR 39142 3077 10 the the DT 39142 3077 11 number number NN 39142 3077 12 of of IN 39142 3077 13 stars star NNS 39142 3077 14 that that WDT 39142 3077 15 are be VBP 39142 3077 16 seen see VBN 39142 3077 17 as as IN 39142 3077 18 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3077 19 approach approach VBP 39142 3077 20 the the DT 39142 3077 21 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 3077 22 on on IN 39142 3077 23 either either DT 39142 3077 24 side side NN 39142 3077 25 ; ; : 39142 3077 26 and and CC 39142 3077 27 the the DT 39142 3077 28 farther far RBR 39142 3077 29 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3077 30 recede recede VBP 39142 3077 31 from from IN 39142 3077 32 the the DT 39142 3077 33 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 3077 34 and and CC 39142 3077 35 approach approach VB 39142 3077 36 either either RB 39142 3077 37 of of IN 39142 3077 38 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3077 39 poles pole NNS 39142 3077 40 fewer fewer RBR 39142 3077 41 and and CC 39142 3077 42 fewer few JJR 39142 3077 43 stars star NNS 39142 3077 44 are be VBP 39142 3077 45 found find VBN 39142 3077 46 . . . 39142 3078 1 Indeed indeed RB 39142 3078 2 , , , 39142 3078 3 if if IN 39142 3078 4 all all PDT 39142 3078 5 the the DT 39142 3078 6 stars star NNS 39142 3078 7 visible visible JJ 39142 3078 8 in in IN 39142 3078 9 a a DT 39142 3078 10 12-inch 12-inch CD 39142 3078 11 telescope telescope NN 39142 3078 12 could could MD 39142 3078 13 be be VB 39142 3078 14 conceived conceive VBN 39142 3078 15 as as IN 39142 3078 16 blotted blot VBN 39142 3078 17 out out RP 39142 3078 18 , , , 39142 3078 19 nearly nearly RB 39142 3078 20 all all PDT 39142 3078 21 the the DT 39142 3078 22 stars star NNS 39142 3078 23 that that WDT 39142 3078 24 are be VBP 39142 3078 25 left leave VBN 39142 3078 26 would would MD 39142 3078 27 be be VB 39142 3078 28 found find VBN 39142 3078 29 in in IN 39142 3078 30 the the DT 39142 3078 31 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 3078 32 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 3078 33 . . . 39142 3079 1 The the DT 39142 3079 2 naked naked JJ 39142 3079 3 eye eye NN 39142 3079 4 readily readily RB 39142 3079 5 notes note VBZ 39142 3079 6 the the DT 39142 3079 7 variations variation NNS 39142 3079 8 in in IN 39142 3079 9 breadth breadth NN 39142 3079 10 and and CC 39142 3079 11 brightness brightness NN 39142 3079 12 of of IN 39142 3079 13 the the DT 39142 3079 14 galactic galactic JJ 39142 3079 15 zone zone NN 39142 3079 16 . . . 39142 3080 1 Nearly nearly RB 39142 3080 2 a a DT 39142 3080 3 third third JJ 39142 3080 4 of of IN 39142 3080 5 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3080 6 , , , 39142 3080 7 from from IN 39142 3080 8 Scorpio Scorpio NNP 39142 3080 9 to to IN 39142 3080 10 Cygnus Cygnus NNP 39142 3080 11 , , , 39142 3080 12 is be VBZ 39142 3080 13 split split VBN 39142 3080 14 into into IN 39142 3080 15 two two CD 39142 3080 16 divisions division NNS 39142 3080 17 nearly nearly RB 39142 3080 18 parallel parallel JJ 39142 3080 19 . . . 39142 3081 1 In in IN 39142 3081 2 many many JJ 39142 3081 3 regions region NNS 39142 3081 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3081 5 light light NN 39142 3081 6 is be VBZ 39142 3081 7 interrupted interrupt VBN 39142 3081 8 , , , 39142 3081 9 especially especially RB 39142 3081 10 in in IN 39142 3081 11 Centaurus Centaurus NNP 39142 3081 12 , , , 39142 3081 13 where where WRB 39142 3081 14 a a DT 39142 3081 15 dark dark JJ 39142 3081 16 starless starless NN 39142 3081 17 region region NN 39142 3081 18 exists exist VBZ 39142 3081 19 , , , 39142 3081 20 known know VBN 39142 3081 21 as as IN 39142 3081 22 the the DT 39142 3081 23 " " `` 39142 3081 24 coal coal NN 39142 3081 25 sack sack NN 39142 3081 26 . . . 39142 3081 27 " " '' 39142 3082 1 Sir Sir NNP 39142 3082 2 John John NNP 39142 3082 3 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 3082 4 , , , 39142 3082 5 who who WP 39142 3082 6 followed follow VBD 39142 3082 7 up up RP 39142 3082 8 the the DT 39142 3082 9 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3082 10 researches research NNS 39142 3082 11 of of IN 39142 3082 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3082 13 father father NN 39142 3082 14 , , , 39142 3082 15 Sir Sir NNP 39142 3082 16 William William NNP 39142 3082 17 , , , 39142 3082 18 in in IN 39142 3082 19 great great JJ 39142 3082 20 detail detail NN 39142 3082 21 , , , 39142 3082 22 places place VBZ 39142 3082 23 the the DT 39142 3082 24 north north NNP 39142 3082 25 pole pole NN 39142 3082 26 of of IN 39142 3082 27 the the DT 39142 3082 28 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 3082 29 plane plane NN 39142 3082 30 in in IN 39142 3082 31 declination declination NN 39142 3082 32 37 37 CD 39142 3082 33 degrees degree NNS 39142 3082 34 N. n. NN 39142 3082 35 , , , 39142 3082 36 and and CC 39142 3082 37 right right JJ 39142 3082 38 ascension ascension NN 39142 3082 39 12 12 CD 39142 3082 40 h. h. NN 39142 3082 41 47 47 CD 39142 3082 42 m. m. NN 39142 3082 43 This this DT 39142 3082 44 makes make VBZ 39142 3082 45 the the DT 39142 3082 46 plane plane NN 39142 3082 47 of of IN 39142 3082 48 the the DT 39142 3082 49 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3082 50 Way Way NNP 39142 3082 51 lie lie VBP 39142 3082 52 at at IN 39142 3082 53 an an DT 39142 3082 54 angle angle NN 39142 3082 55 of of IN 39142 3082 56 about about RB 39142 3082 57 60 60 CD 39142 3082 58 degrees degree NNS 39142 3082 59 with with IN 39142 3082 60 the the DT 39142 3082 61 ecliptic ecliptic NN 39142 3082 62 , , , 39142 3082 63 which which WDT 39142 3082 64 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3082 65 intersects intersect VBZ 39142 3082 66 not not RB 39142 3082 67 far far RB 39142 3082 68 from from IN 39142 3082 69 the the DT 39142 3082 70 solstices solstice NNS 39142 3082 71 . . . 39142 3083 1 Now now RB 39142 3083 2 Kant Kant NNP 39142 3083 3 , , , 39142 3083 4 in in IN 39142 3083 5 view view NN 39142 3083 6 of of IN 39142 3083 7 the the DT 39142 3083 8 two two CD 39142 3083 9 great great JJ 39142 3083 10 facts fact NNS 39142 3083 11 about about IN 39142 3083 12 the the DT 39142 3083 13 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 3083 14 known know VBN 39142 3083 15 in in IN 39142 3083 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3083 17 time time NN 39142 3083 18 , , , 39142 3083 19 ( ( -LRB- 39142 3083 20 1 1 LS 39142 3083 21 ) ) -RRB- 39142 3083 22 that that IN 39142 3083 23 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3083 24 wholly wholly RB 39142 3083 25 encircles encircle VBZ 39142 3083 26 the the DT 39142 3083 27 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 3083 28 , , , 39142 3083 29 and and CC 39142 3083 30 ( ( -LRB- 39142 3083 31 2 2 LS 39142 3083 32 ) ) -RRB- 39142 3083 33 that that IN 39142 3083 34 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3083 35 is be VBZ 39142 3083 36 composed compose VBN 39142 3083 37 of of IN 39142 3083 38 countless countless JJ 39142 3083 39 stars star NNS 39142 3083 40 too too RB 39142 3083 41 faint faint JJ 39142 3083 42 to to TO 39142 3083 43 be be VB 39142 3083 44 individually individually RB 39142 3083 45 visible visible JJ 39142 3083 46 to to IN 39142 3083 47 the the DT 39142 3083 48 naked naked JJ 39142 3083 49 eye eye NN 39142 3083 50 , , , 39142 3083 51 drew draw VBD 39142 3083 52 the the DT 39142 3083 53 safe safe JJ 39142 3083 54 conclusions conclusion NNS 39142 3083 55 that that WDT 39142 3083 56 the the DT 39142 3083 57 system system NN 39142 3083 58 of of IN 39142 3083 59 the the DT 39142 3083 60 stars star NNS 39142 3083 61 must must MD 39142 3083 62 extend extend VB 39142 3083 63 much much RB 39142 3083 64 farther farther RB 39142 3083 65 in in IN 39142 3083 66 the the DT 39142 3083 67 direction direction NN 39142 3083 68 of of IN 39142 3083 69 the the DT 39142 3083 70 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3083 71 Way Way NNP 39142 3083 72 than than IN 39142 3083 73 in in IN 39142 3083 74 other other JJ 39142 3083 75 directions direction NNS 39142 3083 76 . . . 39142 3084 1 This this DT 39142 3084 2 theory theory NN 39142 3084 3 of of IN 39142 3084 4 Kant Kant NNP 39142 3084 5 was be VBD 39142 3084 6 next next RB 39142 3084 7 investigated investigate VBN 39142 3084 8 from from IN 39142 3084 9 an an DT 39142 3084 10 observational observational JJ 39142 3084 11 standpoint standpoint NN 39142 3084 12 by by IN 39142 3084 13 Sir Sir NNP 39142 3084 14 William William NNP 39142 3084 15 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 3084 16 , , , 39142 3084 17 the the DT 39142 3084 18 ultimate ultimate JJ 39142 3084 19 goal goal NN 39142 3084 20 of of IN 39142 3084 21 whose whose WP$ 39142 3084 22 researches research NNS 39142 3084 23 was be VBD 39142 3084 24 always always RB 39142 3084 25 a a DT 39142 3084 26 knowledge knowledge NN 39142 3084 27 of of IN 39142 3084 28 the the DT 39142 3084 29 construction construction NN 39142 3084 30 of of IN 39142 3084 31 the the DT 39142 3084 32 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 3084 33 . . . 39142 3085 1 The the DT 39142 3085 2 present present JJ 39142 3085 3 conclusion conclusion NN 39142 3085 4 is be VBZ 39142 3085 5 that that IN 39142 3085 6 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3085 7 may may MD 39142 3085 8 regard regard VB 39142 3085 9 the the DT 39142 3085 10 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3085 11 bodies body NNS 39142 3085 12 of of IN 39142 3085 13 the the DT 39142 3085 14 sidereal sidereal JJ 39142 3085 15 universe universe NN 39142 3085 16 as as IN 39142 3085 17 scattered scatter VBN 39142 3085 18 , , , 39142 3085 19 without without IN 39142 3085 20 much much JJ 39142 3085 21 regard regard NN 39142 3085 22 to to IN 39142 3085 23 uniformity uniformity NN 39142 3085 24 , , , 39142 3085 25 throughout throughout IN 39142 3085 26 a a DT 39142 3085 27 vast vast JJ 39142 3085 28 space space NN 39142 3085 29 having have VBG 39142 3085 30 in in IN 39142 3085 31 general general JJ 39142 3085 32 the the DT 39142 3085 33 shape shape NN 39142 3085 34 of of IN 39142 3085 35 a a DT 39142 3085 36 thick thick JJ 39142 3085 37 watch watch NN 39142 3085 38 , , , 39142 3085 39 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3085 40 thickness thickness NN 39142 3085 41 being be VBG 39142 3085 42 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 3085 43 one one CD 39142 3085 44 - - HYPH 39142 3085 45 tenth tenth NN 39142 3085 46 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3085 47 diameter diameter NN 39142 3085 48 . . . 39142 3086 1 On on IN 39142 3086 2 both both DT 39142 3086 3 sides side NNS 39142 3086 4 of of IN 39142 3086 5 this this DT 39142 3086 6 disk disk NN 39142 3086 7 of of IN 39142 3086 8 stars star NNS 39142 3086 9 , , , 39142 3086 10 and and CC 39142 3086 11 clustered cluster VBN 39142 3086 12 about about IN 39142 3086 13 the the DT 39142 3086 14 poles pole NNS 39142 3086 15 of of IN 39142 3086 16 the the DT 39142 3086 17 sidereal sidereal JJ 39142 3086 18 system system NN 39142 3086 19 are be VBP 39142 3086 20 the the DT 39142 3086 21 regions region NNS 39142 3086 22 occupied occupy VBN 39142 3086 23 by by IN 39142 3086 24 vast vast JJ 39142 3086 25 numbers number NNS 39142 3086 26 of of IN 39142 3086 27 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3086 28 . . . 39142 3087 1 The the DT 39142 3087 2 entire entire JJ 39142 3087 3 visible visible JJ 39142 3087 4 universe universe NN 39142 3087 5 , , , 39142 3087 6 then then RB 39142 3087 7 , , , 39142 3087 8 would would MD 39142 3087 9 be be VB 39142 3087 10 spheroidal spheroidal JJ 39142 3087 11 in in IN 39142 3087 12 general general JJ 39142 3087 13 shape shape NN 39142 3087 14 . . . 39142 3088 1 The the DT 39142 3088 2 plane plane NN 39142 3088 3 of of IN 39142 3088 4 the the DT 39142 3088 5 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3088 6 Way Way NNP 39142 3088 7 passes pass VBZ 39142 3088 8 through through IN 39142 3088 9 the the DT 39142 3088 10 middle middle NN 39142 3088 11 of of IN 39142 3088 12 this this DT 39142 3088 13 aggregation aggregation NN 39142 3088 14 of of IN 39142 3088 15 stars star NNS 39142 3088 16 and and CC 39142 3088 17 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3088 18 , , , 39142 3088 19 and and CC 39142 3088 20 the the DT 39142 3088 21 solar solar JJ 39142 3088 22 system system NN 39142 3088 23 is be VBZ 39142 3088 24 near near IN 39142 3088 25 the the DT 39142 3088 26 center center NN 39142 3088 27 of of IN 39142 3088 28 the the DT 39142 3088 29 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3088 30 Way Way NNP 39142 3088 31 . . . 39142 3089 1 Throughout throughout IN 39142 3089 2 the the DT 39142 3089 3 watch watch NN 39142 3089 4 - - HYPH 39142 3089 5 form form NN 39142 3089 6 space space NN 39142 3089 7 the the DT 39142 3089 8 stars star NNS 39142 3089 9 are be VBP 39142 3089 10 clustered cluster VBN 39142 3089 11 irregularly irregularly RB 39142 3089 12 , , , 39142 3089 13 in in IN 39142 3089 14 varied varied JJ 39142 3089 15 and and CC 39142 3089 16 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 3089 17 fantastic fantastic JJ 39142 3089 18 forms form NNS 39142 3089 19 , , , 39142 3089 20 but but CC 39142 3089 21 without without IN 39142 3089 22 approach approach NN 39142 3089 23 to to TO 39142 3089 24 order order NN 39142 3089 25 or or CC 39142 3089 26 system system NN 39142 3089 27 . . . 39142 3090 1 If if IN 39142 3090 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3090 3 except except IN 39142 3090 4 some some DT 39142 3090 5 of of IN 39142 3090 6 the the DT 39142 3090 7 star star NN 39142 3090 8 groups group NNS 39142 3090 9 and and CC 39142 3090 10 star star NN 39142 3090 11 clusters cluster NNS 39142 3090 12 and and CC 39142 3090 13 consider consider VB 39142 3090 14 only only RB 39142 3090 15 the the DT 39142 3090 16 naked naked JJ 39142 3090 17 - - HYPH 39142 3090 18 eye eye NN 39142 3090 19 stars star NNS 39142 3090 20 , , , 39142 3090 21 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3090 22 find find VBP 39142 3090 23 them -PRON- PRP 39142 3090 24 scattered scatter VBN 39142 3090 25 with with IN 39142 3090 26 fair fair JJ 39142 3090 27 approach approach NN 39142 3090 28 to to IN 39142 3090 29 uniformity uniformity NN 39142 3090 30 . . . 39142 3091 1 [ [ -LRB- 39142 3091 2 Illustration illustration NN 39142 3091 3 : : : 39142 3091 4 STAR STAR NNP 39142 3091 5 CLOUDS CLOUDS NNP 39142 3091 6 AND and CC 39142 3091 7 BLACK BLACK NNP 39142 3091 8 HOLES HOLES NNP 39142 3091 9 IN in IN 39142 3091 10 SAGITTARIUS SAGITTARIUS NNP 39142 3091 11 . . . 39142 3092 1 The the DT 39142 3092 2 dark dark JJ 39142 3092 3 rifts rift NNS 39142 3092 4 and and CC 39142 3092 5 lanes lane NNS 39142 3092 6 resemble resemble VBP 39142 3092 7 those those DT 39142 3092 8 in in IN 39142 3092 9 the the DT 39142 3092 10 nearby nearby JJ 39142 3092 11 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3092 12 Way Way NNP 39142 3092 13 . . . 39142 3093 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 3093 2 _ _ NNP 39142 3093 3 Photo Photo NNP 39142 3093 4 , , , 39142 3093 5 Yerkes Yerkes NNP 39142 3093 6 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 3093 7 . . . 39142 3093 8 _ _ NNP 39142 3093 9 ) ) -RRB- 39142 3093 10 ] ] -RRB- 39142 3093 11 [ [ -LRB- 39142 3093 12 Illustration illustration NN 39142 3093 13 : : : 39142 3093 14 THE the DT 39142 3093 15 GREAT great JJ 39142 3093 16 NEBULA NEBULA NNP 39142 3093 17 OF of IN 39142 3093 18 ANDROMEDA ANDROMEDA NNP 39142 3093 19 , , , 39142 3093 20 LARGEST LARGEST NNP 39142 3093 21 ( ( -LRB- 39142 3093 22 APPARENTLY APPARENTLY NNP 39142 3093 23 ) ) -RRB- 39142 3093 24 OF of IN 39142 3093 25 ALL all PDT 39142 3093 26 THE the DT 39142 3093 27 SPIRAL SPIRAL NNP 39142 3093 28 NEBULÆ NEBULÆ NNP 39142 3093 29 . . . 39142 3094 1 This this DT 39142 3094 2 nebula nebula NN 39142 3094 3 can can MD 39142 3094 4 be be VB 39142 3094 5 seen see VBN 39142 3094 6 very very RB 39142 3094 7 faintly faintly RB 39142 3094 8 with with IN 39142 3094 9 the the DT 39142 3094 10 naked naked JJ 39142 3094 11 eye eye NN 39142 3094 12 , , , 39142 3094 13 but but CC 39142 3094 14 no no DT 39142 3094 15 telescope telescope NN 39142 3094 16 has have VBZ 39142 3094 17 yet yet RB 39142 3094 18 resolved resolve VBN 39142 3094 19 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3094 20 into into IN 39142 3094 21 separate separate JJ 39142 3094 22 stars star NNS 39142 3094 23 . . . 39142 3095 1 ( ( -LRB- 39142 3095 2 _ _ NNP 39142 3095 3 Photo Photo NNP 39142 3095 4 , , , 39142 3095 5 Yerkes Yerkes NNP 39142 3095 6 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 3095 7 . . . 39142 3095 8 _ _ NNP 39142 3095 9 ) ) -RRB- 39142 3095 10 ] ] -RRB- 39142 3095 11 The the DT 39142 3095 12 watch watch NN 39142 3095 13 - - HYPH 39142 3095 14 shaped shape VBN 39142 3095 15 disk disk NN 39142 3095 16 is be VBZ 39142 3095 17 not not RB 39142 3095 18 to to TO 39142 3095 19 be be VB 39142 3095 20 understood understand VBN 39142 3095 21 as as IN 39142 3095 22 representing represent VBG 39142 3095 23 the the DT 39142 3095 24 actual actual JJ 39142 3095 25 form form NN 39142 3095 26 of of IN 39142 3095 27 the the DT 39142 3095 28 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3095 29 system system NN 39142 3095 30 , , , 39142 3095 31 but but CC 39142 3095 32 only only RB 39142 3095 33 in in IN 39142 3095 34 general general JJ 39142 3095 35 the the DT 39142 3095 36 limits limit NNS 39142 3095 37 within within IN 39142 3095 38 which which WDT 39142 3095 39 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3095 40 is be VBZ 39142 3095 41 for for IN 39142 3095 42 the the DT 39142 3095 43 most most JJS 39142 3095 44 part part NN 39142 3095 45 contained contain VBN 39142 3095 46 . . . 39142 3096 1 A a DT 39142 3096 2 vigorous vigorous JJ 39142 3096 3 attack attack NN 39142 3096 4 on on IN 39142 3096 5 the the DT 39142 3096 6 problem problem NN 39142 3096 7 of of IN 39142 3096 8 the the DT 39142 3096 9 evolution evolution NN 39142 3096 10 and and CC 39142 3096 11 structure structure NN 39142 3096 12 of of IN 39142 3096 13 the the DT 39142 3096 14 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3096 15 universe universe NN 39142 3096 16 as as IN 39142 3096 17 a a DT 39142 3096 18 whole whole NN 39142 3096 19 is be VBZ 39142 3096 20 now now RB 39142 3096 21 being be VBG 39142 3096 22 conducted conduct VBN 39142 3096 23 by by IN 39142 3096 24 cooperation cooperation NN 39142 3096 25 of of IN 39142 3096 26 many many JJ 39142 3096 27 observatories observatory NNS 39142 3096 28 in in IN 39142 3096 29 both both DT 39142 3096 30 hemispheres hemisphere NNS 39142 3096 31 . . . 39142 3097 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 3097 2 is be VBZ 39142 3097 3 known know VBN 39142 3097 4 as as IN 39142 3097 5 the the DT 39142 3097 6 Kapteyn Kapteyn NNP 39142 3097 7 " " '' 39142 3097 8 Plan Plan NNP 39142 3097 9 of of IN 39142 3097 10 Selected Selected NNP 39142 3097 11 Areas Areas NNPS 39142 3097 12 , , , 39142 3097 13 " " `` 39142 3097 14 embracing embrace VBG 39142 3097 15 206 206 CD 39142 3097 16 regions region NNS 39142 3097 17 which which WDT 39142 3097 18 are be VBP 39142 3097 19 distributed distribute VBN 39142 3097 20 regularly regularly RB 39142 3097 21 over over IN 39142 3097 22 the the DT 39142 3097 23 entire entire JJ 39142 3097 24 sky sky NN 39142 3097 25 . . . 39142 3098 1 Besides besides IN 39142 3098 2 this this DT 39142 3098 3 a a DT 39142 3098 4 special special JJ 39142 3098 5 plan plan NN 39142 3098 6 includes include VBZ 39142 3098 7 forty forty CD 39142 3098 8 - - HYPH 39142 3098 9 six six CD 39142 3098 10 additional additional JJ 39142 3098 11 regions region NNS 39142 3098 12 , , , 39142 3098 13 either either CC 39142 3098 14 very very RB 39142 3098 15 rich rich JJ 39142 3098 16 or or CC 39142 3098 17 extremely extremely RB 39142 3098 18 poor poor JJ 39142 3098 19 in in IN 39142 3098 20 stars star NNS 39142 3098 21 , , , 39142 3098 22 or or CC 39142 3098 23 to to TO 39142 3098 24 which which WDT 39142 3098 25 other other JJ 39142 3098 26 interest interest NN 39142 3098 27 attaches attache NNS 39142 3098 28 . . . 39142 3099 1 Of of IN 39142 3099 2 all all DT 39142 3099 3 investigators investigator NNS 39142 3099 4 Kapteyn Kapteyn NNP 39142 3099 5 has have VBZ 39142 3099 6 gone go VBN 39142 3099 7 into into IN 39142 3099 8 the the DT 39142 3099 9 question question NN 39142 3099 10 of of IN 39142 3099 11 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3099 12 precise precise JJ 39142 3099 13 location location NN 39142 3099 14 in in IN 39142 3099 15 the the DT 39142 3099 16 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3099 17 Way Way NNP 39142 3099 18 most most RBS 39142 3099 19 thoroughly thoroughly RB 39142 3099 20 , , , 39142 3099 21 concluding conclude VBG 39142 3099 22 that that IN 39142 3099 23 the the DT 39142 3099 24 solar solar JJ 39142 3099 25 system system NN 39142 3099 26 lies lie VBZ 39142 3099 27 , , , 39142 3099 28 not not RB 39142 3099 29 at at IN 39142 3099 30 the the DT 39142 3099 31 center center NN 39142 3099 32 in in IN 39142 3099 33 the the DT 39142 3099 34 exact exact JJ 39142 3099 35 plane plane NN 39142 3099 36 , , , 39142 3099 37 but but CC 39142 3099 38 somewhat somewhat RB 39142 3099 39 to to IN 39142 3099 40 the the DT 39142 3099 41 north north NN 39142 3099 42 of of IN 39142 3099 43 the the DT 39142 3099 44 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 3099 45 . . . 39142 3100 1 Discussing discuss VBG 39142 3100 2 the the DT 39142 3100 3 Sirian sirian JJ 39142 3100 4 stars star NNS 39142 3100 5 he -PRON- PRP 39142 3100 6 finds find VBZ 39142 3100 7 that that IN 39142 3100 8 if if IN 39142 3100 9 stars star NNS 39142 3100 10 of of IN 39142 3100 11 equal equal JJ 39142 3100 12 brightness brightness NN 39142 3100 13 are be VBP 39142 3100 14 compared compare VBN 39142 3100 15 , , , 39142 3100 16 the the DT 39142 3100 17 Sirians Sirians NNPS 39142 3100 18 average average VBP 39142 3100 19 nearly nearly RB 39142 3100 20 three three CD 39142 3100 21 times time NNS 39142 3100 22 more more JJR 39142 3100 23 distance distance NN 39142 3100 24 from from IN 39142 3100 25 the the DT 39142 3100 26 sun sun NN 39142 3100 27 than than IN 39142 3100 28 those those DT 39142 3100 29 of of IN 39142 3100 30 the the DT 39142 3100 31 solar solar JJ 39142 3100 32 type type NN 39142 3100 33 . . . 39142 3101 1 So so CC 39142 3101 2 , , , 39142 3101 3 probably probably RB 39142 3101 4 , , , 39142 3101 5 the the DT 39142 3101 6 Sirians Sirians NNPS 39142 3101 7 far far RB 39142 3101 8 exceed exceed VBP 39142 3101 9 the the DT 39142 3101 10 Solars Solars NNPS 39142 3101 11 in in IN 39142 3101 12 intrinsic intrinsic JJ 39142 3101 13 brightness brightness NN 39142 3101 14 . . . 39142 3102 1 Farther farther RB 39142 3102 2 , , , 39142 3102 3 Kapteyn Kapteyn NNP 39142 3102 4 concludes conclude VBZ 39142 3102 5 that that IN 39142 3102 6 the the DT 39142 3102 7 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 3102 8 has have VBZ 39142 3102 9 no no DT 39142 3102 10 connection connection NN 39142 3102 11 with with IN 39142 3102 12 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3102 13 solar solar JJ 39142 3102 14 system system NN 39142 3102 15 , , , 39142 3102 16 and and CC 39142 3102 17 is be VBZ 39142 3102 18 composed compose VBN 39142 3102 19 of of IN 39142 3102 20 a a DT 39142 3102 21 vast vast JJ 39142 3102 22 encircling encircling NN 39142 3102 23 annulus annulus NN 39142 3102 24 or or CC 39142 3102 25 ring ring NN 39142 3102 26 of of IN 39142 3102 27 stars star NNS 39142 3102 28 , , , 39142 3102 29 far far RB 39142 3102 30 exceeding exceed VBG 39142 3102 31 in in IN 39142 3102 32 number number NN 39142 3102 33 the the DT 39142 3102 34 stars star NNS 39142 3102 35 of of IN 39142 3102 36 the the DT 39142 3102 37 great great JJ 39142 3102 38 central central JJ 39142 3102 39 solar solar JJ 39142 3102 40 cluster cluster NN 39142 3102 41 , , , 39142 3102 42 and and CC 39142 3102 43 everywhere everywhere RB 39142 3102 44 exceedingly exceedingly RB 39142 3102 45 remote remote JJ 39142 3102 46 from from IN 39142 3102 47 these these DT 39142 3102 48 stars star NNS 39142 3102 49 , , , 39142 3102 50 as as RB 39142 3102 51 well well RB 39142 3102 52 as as IN 39142 3102 53 differing differ VBG 39142 3102 54 from from IN 39142 3102 55 them -PRON- PRP 39142 3102 56 in in IN 39142 3102 57 physical physical JJ 39142 3102 58 type type NN 39142 3102 59 and and CC 39142 3102 60 constitution constitution NN 39142 3102 61 . . . 39142 3103 1 So so RB 39142 3103 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3103 3 would would MD 39142 3103 4 be be VB 39142 3103 5 mainly mainly RB 39142 3103 6 the the DT 39142 3103 7 mere mere JJ 39142 3103 8 element element NN 39142 3103 9 of of IN 39142 3103 10 distance distance NN 39142 3103 11 that that WDT 39142 3103 12 makes make VBZ 39142 3103 13 them -PRON- PRP 39142 3103 14 appear appear VB 39142 3103 15 so so RB 39142 3103 16 faint faint JJ 39142 3103 17 and and CC 39142 3103 18 crowded crowd VBD 39142 3103 19 thickly thickly RB 39142 3103 20 together together RB 39142 3103 21 into into IN 39142 3103 22 that that DT 39142 3103 23 gauzy gauzy NNP 39142 3103 24 girdle girdle VB 39142 3103 25 which which WDT 39142 3103 26 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3103 27 call call VBP 39142 3103 28 the the DT 39142 3103 29 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 3103 30 . . . 39142 3104 1 The the DT 39142 3104 2 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3104 3 Way Way NNP 39142 3104 4 reveals reveal VBZ 39142 3104 5 irregularities irregularity NNS 39142 3104 6 of of IN 39142 3104 7 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3104 8 density density NN 39142 3104 9 and and CC 39142 3104 10 star star NN 39142 3104 11 clustering cluster VBG 39142 3104 12 on on IN 39142 3104 13 a a DT 39142 3104 14 large large JJ 39142 3104 15 scale scale NN 39142 3104 16 , , , 39142 3104 17 with with IN 39142 3104 18 deep deep JJ 39142 3104 19 rifts rift NNS 39142 3104 20 between between IN 39142 3104 21 great great JJ 39142 3104 22 clouds cloud NNS 39142 3104 23 of of IN 39142 3104 24 stars star NNS 39142 3104 25 . . . 39142 3105 1 Modern modern JJ 39142 3105 2 photographs photograph NNS 39142 3105 3 , , , 39142 3105 4 particularly particularly RB 39142 3105 5 those those DT 39142 3105 6 of of IN 39142 3105 7 Barnard Barnard NNP 39142 3105 8 in in IN 39142 3105 9 Sagittarius Sagittarius NNP 39142 3105 10 , , , 39142 3105 11 make make VB 39142 3105 12 this this DT 39142 3105 13 very very RB 39142 3105 14 apparent apparent JJ 39142 3105 15 . . . 39142 3106 1 Within within IN 39142 3106 2 the the DT 39142 3106 3 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3106 4 Way Way NNP 39142 3106 5 , , , 39142 3106 6 nearly nearly RB 39142 3106 7 in in IN 39142 3106 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3106 9 plane plane NN 39142 3106 10 and and CC 39142 3106 11 almost almost RB 39142 3106 12 central central JJ 39142 3106 13 , , , 39142 3106 14 is be VBZ 39142 3106 15 what what WP 39142 3106 16 Eddington Eddington NNP 39142 3106 17 terms term VBZ 39142 3106 18 the the DT 39142 3106 19 inner inner JJ 39142 3106 20 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3106 21 system system NN 39142 3106 22 , , , 39142 3106 23 near near IN 39142 3106 24 the the DT 39142 3106 25 center center NN 39142 3106 26 of of IN 39142 3106 27 which which WDT 39142 3106 28 is be VBZ 39142 3106 29 the the DT 39142 3106 30 sun sun NN 39142 3106 31 . . . 39142 3107 1 Surrounding surround VBG 39142 3107 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3107 3 and and CC 39142 3107 4 near near IN 39142 3107 5 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3107 6 plane plane NN 39142 3107 7 are be VBP 39142 3107 8 the the DT 39142 3107 9 masses masse NNS 39142 3107 10 of of IN 39142 3107 11 star star NN 39142 3107 12 clouds cloud NNS 39142 3107 13 which which WDT 39142 3107 14 make make VBP 39142 3107 15 up up RP 39142 3107 16 the the DT 39142 3107 17 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3107 18 Way Way NNP 39142 3107 19 . . . 39142 3108 1 Whether whether IN 39142 3108 2 these these DT 39142 3108 3 star star NN 39142 3108 4 clouds cloud NNS 39142 3108 5 are be VBP 39142 3108 6 isolated isolate VBN 39142 3108 7 from from IN 39142 3108 8 the the DT 39142 3108 9 inner inner JJ 39142 3108 10 system system NN 39142 3108 11 or or CC 39142 3108 12 continuous continuous JJ 39142 3108 13 with with IN 39142 3108 14 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3108 15 , , , 39142 3108 16 is be VBZ 39142 3108 17 not not RB 39142 3108 18 yet yet RB 39142 3108 19 ascertained ascertain VBN 39142 3108 20 . . . 39142 3109 1 The the DT 39142 3109 2 vast vast JJ 39142 3109 3 masses masse NNS 39142 3109 4 of of IN 39142 3109 5 the the DT 39142 3109 6 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3109 7 Way Way NNP 39142 3109 8 stars star NNS 39142 3109 9 are be VBP 39142 3109 10 very very RB 39142 3109 11 faint faint JJ 39142 3109 12 , , , 39142 3109 13 and and CC 39142 3109 14 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3109 15 know know VBP 39142 3109 16 nothing nothing NN 39142 3109 17 yet yet RB 39142 3109 18 as as IN 39142 3109 19 to to IN 39142 3109 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3109 21 proper proper JJ 39142 3109 22 motions motion NNS 39142 3109 23 , , , 39142 3109 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3109 25 radial radial JJ 39142 3109 26 motions motion NNS 39142 3109 27 , , , 39142 3109 28 or or CC 39142 3109 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3109 30 spectra spectra NN 39142 3109 31 . . . 39142 3110 1 Probably probably RB 39142 3110 2 a a DT 39142 3110 3 few few JJ 39142 3110 4 stars star NNS 39142 3110 5 as as RB 39142 3110 6 bright bright JJ 39142 3110 7 as as IN 39142 3110 8 the the DT 39142 3110 9 sixth sixth JJ 39142 3110 10 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 3110 11 are be VBP 39142 3110 12 actually actually RB 39142 3110 13 located locate VBN 39142 3110 14 in in IN 39142 3110 15 the the DT 39142 3110 16 midst midst NN 39142 3110 17 of of IN 39142 3110 18 the the DT 39142 3110 19 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3110 20 Way Way NNP 39142 3110 21 clusters cluster NNS 39142 3110 22 , , , 39142 3110 23 the the DT 39142 3110 24 fainter fainter NN 39142 3110 25 ninth ninth JJ 39142 3110 26 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 3110 27 stars star NNS 39142 3110 28 certainly certainly RB 39142 3110 29 begin begin VBP 39142 3110 30 the the DT 39142 3110 31 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3110 32 Way Way NNP 39142 3110 33 proper proper JJ 39142 3110 34 , , , 39142 3110 35 while while IN 39142 3110 36 the the DT 39142 3110 37 stars star NNS 39142 3110 38 of of IN 39142 3110 39 the the DT 39142 3110 40 twelfth twelfth JJ 39142 3110 41 or or CC 39142 3110 42 thirteenth thirteenth JJ 39142 3110 43 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 3110 44 carry carry VB 39142 3110 45 us -PRON- PRP 39142 3110 46 into into IN 39142 3110 47 the the DT 39142 3110 48 very very JJ 39142 3110 49 depths depth NNS 39142 3110 50 of of IN 39142 3110 51 the the DT 39142 3110 52 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 3110 53 . . . 39142 3111 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 3111 2 is be VBZ 39142 3111 3 now now RB 39142 3111 4 pretty pretty RB 39142 3111 5 generally generally RB 39142 3111 6 believed believe VBD 39142 3111 7 that that IN 39142 3111 8 many many JJ 39142 3111 9 of of IN 39142 3111 10 the the DT 39142 3111 11 dark dark JJ 39142 3111 12 regions region NNS 39142 3111 13 of of IN 39142 3111 14 the the DT 39142 3111 15 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3111 16 Way Way NNP 39142 3111 17 are be VBP 39142 3111 18 due due JJ 39142 3111 19 not not RB 39142 3111 20 to to TO 39142 3111 21 actual actual JJ 39142 3111 22 absence absence NN 39142 3111 23 of of IN 39142 3111 24 stars star NNS 39142 3111 25 so so RB 39142 3111 26 much much RB 39142 3111 27 as as IN 39142 3111 28 to to IN 39142 3111 29 the the DT 39142 3111 30 absorption absorption NN 39142 3111 31 of of IN 39142 3111 32 light light NN 39142 3111 33 by by IN 39142 3111 34 intervening intervene VBG 39142 3111 35 tracts tract NNS 39142 3111 36 of of IN 39142 3111 37 nebulous nebulous JJ 39142 3111 38 matter matter NN 39142 3111 39 on on IN 39142 3111 40 the the DT 39142 3111 41 hither hither NN 39142 3111 42 side side NN 39142 3111 43 of of IN 39142 3111 44 the the DT 39142 3111 45 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 3111 46 aggregations aggregation NNS 39142 3111 47 and and CC 39142 3111 48 , , , 39142 3111 49 probably probably RB 39142 3111 50 in in IN 39142 3111 51 fact fact NN 39142 3111 52 , , , 39142 3111 53 within within IN 39142 3111 54 the the DT 39142 3111 55 oblate oblate NN 39142 3111 56 inner inner JJ 39142 3111 57 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3111 58 system system NN 39142 3111 59 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 3111 60 . . . 39142 3112 1 Easton Easton NNP 39142 3112 2 has have VBZ 39142 3112 3 made make VBN 39142 3112 4 many many JJ 39142 3112 5 hundred hundred CD 39142 3112 6 counts count NNS 39142 3112 7 of of IN 39142 3112 8 stars star NNS 39142 3112 9 in in IN 39142 3112 10 galactic galactic JJ 39142 3112 11 regions region NNS 39142 3112 12 of of IN 39142 3112 13 Cygnus Cygnus NNP 39142 3112 14 and and CC 39142 3112 15 Aquila Aquila NNP 39142 3112 16 where where WRB 39142 3112 17 the the DT 39142 3112 18 range range NN 39142 3112 19 of of IN 39142 3112 20 intensity intensity NN 39142 3112 21 of of IN 39142 3112 22 the the DT 39142 3112 23 light light NN 39142 3112 24 is be VBZ 39142 3112 25 very very RB 39142 3112 26 marked marked JJ 39142 3112 27 ; ; : 39142 3112 28 in in IN 39142 3112 29 fact fact NN 39142 3112 30 , , , 39142 3112 31 the the DT 39142 3112 32 star star NN 39142 3112 33 density density NN 39142 3112 34 of of IN 39142 3112 35 the the DT 39142 3112 36 bright bright JJ 39142 3112 37 patches patch NNS 39142 3112 38 of of IN 39142 3112 39 the the DT 39142 3112 40 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 3112 41 is be VBZ 39142 3112 42 so so RB 39142 3112 43 far far RB 39142 3112 44 in in IN 39142 3112 45 excess excess NN 39142 3112 46 of of IN 39142 3112 47 the the DT 39142 3112 48 density density NN 39142 3112 49 adjacent adjacent JJ 39142 3112 50 and and CC 39142 3112 51 just just RB 39142 3112 52 outside outside IN 39142 3112 53 the the DT 39142 3112 54 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3112 55 Way Way NNP 39142 3112 56 , , , 39142 3112 57 that that IN 39142 3112 58 the the DT 39142 3112 59 conclusion conclusion NN 39142 3112 60 is be VBZ 39142 3112 61 inevitable inevitable JJ 39142 3112 62 that that IN 39142 3112 63 this this DT 39142 3112 64 excess excess NN 39142 3112 65 is be VBZ 39142 3112 66 due due JJ 39142 3112 67 to to IN 39142 3112 68 the the DT 39142 3112 69 star star NN 39142 3112 70 clouds cloud NNS 39142 3112 71 . . . 39142 3113 1 Of of IN 39142 3113 2 the the DT 39142 3113 3 distance distance NN 39142 3113 4 of of IN 39142 3113 5 the the DT 39142 3113 6 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3113 7 Way Way NNP 39142 3113 8 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3113 9 have have VBP 39142 3113 10 very very RB 39142 3113 11 little little JJ 39142 3113 12 knowledge knowledge NN 39142 3113 13 . . . 39142 3114 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 3114 2 is be VBZ 39142 3114 3 certainly certainly RB 39142 3114 4 not not RB 39142 3114 5 less less JJR 39142 3114 6 than than IN 39142 3114 7 1,000 1,000 CD 39142 3114 8 parsecs parsecs NN 39142 3114 9 , , , 39142 3114 10 and and CC 39142 3114 11 more more RBR 39142 3114 12 likely likely JJ 39142 3114 13 5,000 5,000 CD 39142 3114 14 parsecs parsecs NN 39142 3114 15 , , , 39142 3114 16 a a DT 39142 3114 17 distance distance NN 39142 3114 18 over over IN 39142 3114 19 which which WDT 39142 3114 20 light light NN 39142 3114 21 would would MD 39142 3114 22 travel travel VB 39142 3114 23 in in IN 39142 3114 24 about about RB 39142 3114 25 16,000 16,000 CD 39142 3114 26 years year NNS 39142 3114 27 . . . 39142 3115 1 Quite quite RB 39142 3115 2 certainly certainly RB 39142 3115 3 all all DT 39142 3115 4 parts part NNS 39142 3115 5 of of IN 39142 3115 6 the the DT 39142 3115 7 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 3115 8 are be VBP 39142 3115 9 not not RB 39142 3115 10 at at IN 39142 3115 11 the the DT 39142 3115 12 same same JJ 39142 3115 13 distance distance NN 39142 3115 14 , , , 39142 3115 15 and and CC 39142 3115 16 probably probably RB 39142 3115 17 there there EX 39142 3115 18 are be VBP 39142 3115 19 branches branch NNS 39142 3115 20 in in IN 39142 3115 21 some some DT 39142 3115 22 regions region NNS 39142 3115 23 that that WDT 39142 3115 24 lie lie VBP 39142 3115 25 behind behind IN 39142 3115 26 one one CD 39142 3115 27 another another DT 39142 3115 28 . . . 39142 3116 1 While while IN 39142 3116 2 the the DT 39142 3116 3 general general JJ 39142 3116 4 regions region NNS 39142 3116 5 of of IN 39142 3116 6 the the DT 39142 3116 7 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3116 8 are be VBP 39142 3116 9 remote remote JJ 39142 3116 10 from from IN 39142 3116 11 the the DT 39142 3116 12 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 3116 13 plane plane NN 39142 3116 14 , , , 39142 3116 15 the the DT 39142 3116 16 large large JJ 39142 3116 17 irregular irregular JJ 39142 3116 18 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3116 19 , , , 39142 3116 20 as as IN 39142 3116 21 the the DT 39142 3116 22 Trifid Trifid NNP 39142 3116 23 , , , 39142 3116 24 the the DT 39142 3116 25 Keyhole Keyhole NNP 39142 3116 26 , , , 39142 3116 27 and and CC 39142 3116 28 the the DT 39142 3116 29 Omega Omega NNP 39142 3116 30 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3116 31 , , , 39142 3116 32 are be VBP 39142 3116 33 found find VBN 39142 3116 34 chiefly chiefly RB 39142 3116 35 in in IN 39142 3116 36 the the DT 39142 3116 37 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3116 38 Way Way NNP 39142 3116 39 . . . 39142 3117 1 In in IN 39142 3117 2 addition addition NN 39142 3117 3 to to IN 39142 3117 4 the the DT 39142 3117 5 irregular irregular JJ 39142 3117 6 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3117 7 many many JJ 39142 3117 8 types type NNS 39142 3117 9 of of IN 39142 3117 10 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3117 11 objects object NNS 39142 3117 12 appear appear VBP 39142 3117 13 to to TO 39142 3117 14 be be VB 39142 3117 15 strongly strongly RB 39142 3117 16 condensed condense VBN 39142 3117 17 toward toward IN 39142 3117 18 the the DT 39142 3117 19 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3117 20 Way Way NNP 39142 3117 21 , , , 39142 3117 22 but but CC 39142 3117 23 this this DT 39142 3117 24 may may MD 39142 3117 25 be be VB 39142 3117 26 due due IN 39142 3117 27 to to IN 39142 3117 28 the the DT 39142 3117 29 inner inner JJ 39142 3117 30 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3117 31 system system NN 39142 3117 32 , , , 39142 3117 33 rather rather RB 39142 3117 34 than than IN 39142 3117 35 a a DT 39142 3117 36 real real JJ 39142 3117 37 relation relation NN 39142 3117 38 to to IN 39142 3117 39 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 3117 40 formations formation NNS 39142 3117 41 . . . 39142 3118 1 Quite quite JJ 39142 3118 2 different different JJ 39142 3118 3 are be VBP 39142 3118 4 the the DT 39142 3118 5 Magellanic magellanic JJ 39142 3118 6 clouds cloud NNS 39142 3118 7 , , , 39142 3118 8 which which WDT 39142 3118 9 contain contain VBP 39142 3118 10 many many JJ 39142 3118 11 gaseous gaseous JJ 39142 3118 12 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3118 13 and and CC 39142 3118 14 are be VBP 39142 3118 15 unique unique JJ 39142 3118 16 objects object NNS 39142 3118 17 of of IN 39142 3118 18 the the DT 39142 3118 19 sky sky NN 39142 3118 20 , , , 39142 3118 21 having have VBG 39142 3118 22 no no DT 39142 3118 23 resemblance resemblance NN 39142 3118 24 to to IN 39142 3118 25 the the DT 39142 3118 26 true true JJ 39142 3118 27 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3118 28 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3118 29 which which WDT 39142 3118 30 , , , 39142 3118 31 as as IN 39142 3118 32 a a DT 39142 3118 33 rule rule NN 39142 3118 34 , , , 39142 3118 35 avoid avoid VB 39142 3118 36 the the DT 39142 3118 37 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 3118 38 regions region NNS 39142 3118 39 . . . 39142 3119 1 Worthy worthy JJ 39142 3119 2 of of IN 39142 3119 3 note note NN 39142 3119 4 also also RB 39142 3119 5 is be VBZ 39142 3119 6 the the DT 39142 3119 7 theory theory NN 39142 3119 8 of of IN 39142 3119 9 Easton Easton NNP 39142 3119 10 that that WDT 39142 3119 11 the the DT 39142 3119 12 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3119 13 Way Way NNP 39142 3119 14 has have VBZ 39142 3119 15 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 3119 16 the the DT 39142 3119 17 form form NN 39142 3119 18 of of IN 39142 3119 19 a a DT 39142 3119 20 double double JJ 39142 3119 21 - - HYPH 39142 3119 22 branched branched JJ 39142 3119 23 spiral spiral NN 39142 3119 24 , , , 39142 3119 25 which which WDT 39142 3119 26 explains explain VBZ 39142 3119 27 the the DT 39142 3119 28 visible visible JJ 39142 3119 29 features feature NNS 39142 3119 30 quite quite RB 39142 3119 31 well well RB 39142 3119 32 , , , 39142 3119 33 but but CC 39142 3119 34 is be VBZ 39142 3119 35 incapable incapable JJ 39142 3119 36 of of IN 39142 3119 37 either either CC 39142 3119 38 disproof disproof NN 39142 3119 39 or or CC 39142 3119 40 verification verification NN 39142 3119 41 . . . 39142 3120 1 The the DT 39142 3120 2 central central JJ 39142 3120 3 nucleus nucleus NN 39142 3120 4 he -PRON- PRP 39142 3120 5 locates locate VBZ 39142 3120 6 in in IN 39142 3120 7 the the DT 39142 3120 8 rich rich JJ 39142 3120 9 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 3120 10 region region NN 39142 3120 11 of of IN 39142 3120 12 Cygnus Cygnus NNP 39142 3120 13 , , , 39142 3120 14 with with IN 39142 3120 15 the the DT 39142 3120 16 sun sun NN 39142 3120 17 well well RB 39142 3120 18 outside outside IN 39142 3120 19 the the DT 39142 3120 20 nucleus nucleus NN 39142 3120 21 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 3120 22 . . . 39142 3121 1 By by IN 39142 3121 2 combining combine VBG 39142 3121 3 the the DT 39142 3121 4 available available JJ 39142 3121 5 photographs photograph NNS 39142 3121 6 of of IN 39142 3121 7 the the DT 39142 3121 8 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 3121 9 , , , 39142 3121 10 he -PRON- PRP 39142 3121 11 has have VBZ 39142 3121 12 produced produce VBN 39142 3121 13 a a DT 39142 3121 14 chart chart NN 39142 3121 15 which which WDT 39142 3121 16 indicates indicate VBZ 39142 3121 17 in in IN 39142 3121 18 a a DT 39142 3121 19 general general JJ 39142 3121 20 way way NN 39142 3121 21 how how WRB 39142 3121 22 the the DT 39142 3121 23 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3121 24 aggregations aggregation NNS 39142 3121 25 might may MD 39142 3121 26 all all DT 39142 3121 27 be be VB 39142 3121 28 arrayed array VBN 39142 3121 29 so so IN 39142 3121 30 as as IN 39142 3121 31 to to TO 39142 3121 32 give give VB 39142 3121 33 the the DT 39142 3121 34 effect effect NN 39142 3121 35 of of IN 39142 3121 36 the the DT 39142 3121 37 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 3121 38 as as IN 39142 3121 39 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3121 40 see see VBP 39142 3121 41 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3121 42 . . . 39142 3122 1 Shapley Shapley NNP 39142 3122 2 , , , 39142 3122 3 at at IN 39142 3122 4 Mount Mount NNP 39142 3122 5 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 3122 6 , , , 39142 3122 7 has have VBZ 39142 3122 8 studied study VBN 39142 3122 9 the the DT 39142 3122 10 structure structure NN 39142 3122 11 of of IN 39142 3122 12 the the DT 39142 3122 13 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 3122 14 system system NN 39142 3122 15 , , , 39142 3122 16 in in IN 39142 3122 17 which which WDT 39142 3122 18 he -PRON- PRP 39142 3122 19 has have VBZ 39142 3122 20 been be VBN 39142 3122 21 aided aid VBN 39142 3122 22 by by IN 39142 3122 23 Mrs. Mrs. NNP 39142 3122 24 Shapley Shapley NNP 39142 3122 25 . . . 39142 3123 1 An an DT 39142 3123 2 interesting interesting JJ 39142 3123 3 part part NN 39142 3123 4 of of IN 39142 3123 5 this this DT 39142 3123 6 work work NN 39142 3123 7 relates relate VBZ 39142 3123 8 to to IN 39142 3123 9 the the DT 39142 3123 10 distribution distribution NN 39142 3123 11 of of IN 39142 3123 12 the the DT 39142 3123 13 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3123 14 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3123 15 , , , 39142 3123 16 and and CC 39142 3123 17 to to IN 39142 3123 18 certain certain JJ 39142 3123 19 properties property NNS 39142 3123 20 of of IN 39142 3123 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3123 22 systematic systematic JJ 39142 3123 23 recessional recessional JJ 39142 3123 24 motion motion NN 39142 3123 25 , , , 39142 3123 26 suggesting suggest VBG 39142 3123 27 that that IN 39142 3123 28 the the DT 39142 3123 29 entire entire JJ 39142 3123 30 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 3123 31 system system NN 39142 3123 32 may may MD 39142 3123 33 be be VB 39142 3123 34 rapidly rapidly RB 39142 3123 35 moving move VBG 39142 3123 36 through through IN 39142 3123 37 space space NN 39142 3123 38 . . . 39142 3124 1 Apparently apparently RB 39142 3124 2 the the DT 39142 3124 3 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3124 4 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3124 5 are be VBP 39142 3124 6 not not RB 39142 3124 7 distant distant JJ 39142 3124 8 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3124 9 organizations organization NNS 39142 3124 10 or or CC 39142 3124 11 " " `` 39142 3124 12 island island NN 39142 3124 13 universes universe NNS 39142 3124 14 , , , 39142 3124 15 " " '' 39142 3124 16 but but CC 39142 3124 17 truly truly RB 39142 3124 18 nebular nebular JJ 39142 3124 19 structures structure NNS 39142 3124 20 of of IN 39142 3124 21 vast vast JJ 39142 3124 22 volume volume NN 39142 3124 23 which which WDT 39142 3124 24 in in IN 39142 3124 25 general general JJ 39142 3124 26 are be VBP 39142 3124 27 actively actively RB 39142 3124 28 repelled repel VBN 39142 3124 29 from from IN 39142 3124 30 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3124 31 systems system NNS 39142 3124 32 . . . 39142 3125 1 A a DT 39142 3125 2 tentative tentative JJ 39142 3125 3 cosmogonic cosmogonic JJ 39142 3125 4 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 3125 5 has have VBZ 39142 3125 6 been be VBN 39142 3125 7 formulated formulate VBN 39142 3125 8 to to TO 39142 3125 9 account account VB 39142 3125 10 for for IN 39142 3125 11 the the DT 39142 3125 12 motions motion NNS 39142 3125 13 , , , 39142 3125 14 distribution distribution NN 39142 3125 15 , , , 39142 3125 16 and and CC 39142 3125 17 observed observe VBD 39142 3125 18 structure structure NN 39142 3125 19 of of IN 39142 3125 20 clusters cluster NNS 39142 3125 21 and and CC 39142 3125 22 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3125 23 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3125 24 . . . 39142 3126 1 An an DT 39142 3126 2 additional additional JJ 39142 3126 3 great great JJ 39142 3126 4 problem problem NN 39142 3126 5 of of IN 39142 3126 6 the the DT 39142 3126 7 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 3126 8 is be VBZ 39142 3126 9 a a DT 39142 3126 10 purely purely RB 39142 3126 11 dynamical dynamical JJ 39142 3126 12 one one NN 39142 3126 13 . . . 39142 3127 1 Doubtless doubtless RB 39142 3127 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3127 3 is be VBZ 39142 3127 4 in in IN 39142 3127 5 some some DT 39142 3127 6 sort sort NN 39142 3127 7 of of IN 39142 3127 8 equilibrium equilibrium NN 39142 3127 9 , , , 39142 3127 10 according accord VBG 39142 3127 11 to to IN 39142 3127 12 Eddington Eddington NNP 39142 3127 13 , , , 39142 3127 14 that that DT 39142 3127 15 is be VBZ 39142 3127 16 to to TO 39142 3127 17 say say VB 39142 3127 18 , , , 39142 3127 19 the the DT 39142 3127 20 individual individual JJ 39142 3127 21 stars star NNS 39142 3127 22 do do VBP 39142 3127 23 not not RB 39142 3127 24 oscillate oscillate VB 39142 3127 25 to to IN 39142 3127 26 and and CC 39142 3127 27 fro fro JJ 39142 3127 28 across across IN 39142 3127 29 the the DT 39142 3127 30 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3127 31 system system NN 39142 3127 32 in in IN 39142 3127 33 a a DT 39142 3127 34 period period NN 39142 3127 35 of of IN 39142 3127 36 300 300 CD 39142 3127 37 million million CD 39142 3127 38 years year NNS 39142 3127 39 , , , 39142 3127 40 but but CC 39142 3127 41 remain remain VBP 39142 3127 42 concentrated concentrated JJ 39142 3127 43 in in IN 39142 3127 44 clusters cluster NNS 39142 3127 45 as as IN 39142 3127 46 at at IN 39142 3127 47 present present NN 39142 3127 48 . . . 39142 3128 1 Poincaré Poincaré NNP 39142 3128 2 has have VBZ 39142 3128 3 considered consider VBN 39142 3128 4 the the DT 39142 3128 5 entire entire JJ 39142 3128 6 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3128 7 Way Way NNP 39142 3128 8 as as IN 39142 3128 9 in in IN 39142 3128 10 stately stately JJ 39142 3128 11 rotation rotation NN 39142 3128 12 , , , 39142 3128 13 and and CC 39142 3128 14 on on IN 39142 3128 15 the the DT 39142 3128 16 assumption assumption NN 39142 3128 17 that that IN 39142 3128 18 the the DT 39142 3128 19 total total JJ 39142 3128 20 mass mass NN 39142 3128 21 of of IN 39142 3128 22 the the DT 39142 3128 23 inner inner JJ 39142 3128 24 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3128 25 system system NN 39142 3128 26 is be VBZ 39142 3128 27 1,000,000,000 1,000,000,000 CD 39142 3128 28 times time NNS 39142 3128 29 the the DT 39142 3128 30 sun sun NN 39142 3128 31 's 's POS 39142 3128 32 mass mass NN 39142 3128 33 , , , 39142 3128 34 and and CC 39142 3128 35 that that IN 39142 3128 36 the the DT 39142 3128 37 distance distance NN 39142 3128 38 of of IN 39142 3128 39 the the DT 39142 3128 40 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3128 41 Way Way NNP 39142 3128 42 is be VBZ 39142 3128 43 2,000 2,000 CD 39142 3128 44 parsecs parsecs NN 39142 3128 45 , , , 39142 3128 46 the the DT 39142 3128 47 angular angular JJ 39142 3128 48 velocity velocity NN 39142 3128 49 for for IN 39142 3128 50 equilibrium equilibrium NN 39142 3128 51 comes come VBZ 39142 3128 52 out out RP 39142 3128 53 0".5 0".5 NN 39142 3128 54 per per IN 39142 3128 55 century century NN 39142 3128 56 . . . 39142 3129 1 That that DT 39142 3129 2 is be VBZ 39142 3129 3 to to TO 39142 3129 4 say say VB 39142 3129 5 , , , 39142 3129 6 a a DT 39142 3129 7 complete complete JJ 39142 3129 8 revolution revolution NN 39142 3129 9 would would MD 39142 3129 10 take take VB 39142 3129 11 place place NN 39142 3129 12 in in IN 39142 3129 13 about about RB 39142 3129 14 250 250 CD 39142 3129 15 million million CD 39142 3129 16 years year NNS 39142 3129 17 . . . 39142 3130 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39142 3130 2 LVIII LVIII NNP 39142 3130 3 STAR STAR NNP 39142 3130 4 CLOUDS cloud NNS 39142 3130 5 AND and CC 39142 3130 6 NEBULÆ NEBULÆ NNP 39142 3130 7 From from IN 39142 3130 8 star star NN 39142 3130 9 clusters cluster NNS 39142 3130 10 to to IN 39142 3130 11 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3130 12 , , , 39142 3130 13 only only RB 39142 3130 14 a a DT 39142 3130 15 century century NN 39142 3130 16 ago ago RB 39142 3130 17 , , , 39142 3130 18 the the DT 39142 3130 19 transition transition NN 39142 3130 20 was be VBD 39142 3130 21 thought think VBN 39142 3130 22 to to TO 39142 3130 23 be be VB 39142 3130 24 easy easy JJ 39142 3130 25 and and CC 39142 3130 26 immediate immediate JJ 39142 3130 27 . . . 39142 3131 1 Accuracy accuracy NN 39142 3131 2 in in IN 39142 3131 3 determining determine VBG 39142 3131 4 the the DT 39142 3131 5 distances distance NNS 39142 3131 6 of of IN 39142 3131 7 stars star NNS 39142 3131 8 was be VBD 39142 3131 9 just just RB 39142 3131 10 beginning begin VBG 39142 3131 11 to to TO 39142 3131 12 be be VB 39142 3131 13 reached reach VBN 39142 3131 14 , , , 39142 3131 15 the the DT 39142 3131 16 clusters cluster NNS 39142 3131 17 were be VBD 39142 3131 18 obviously obviously RB 39142 3131 19 of of IN 39142 3131 20 all all DT 39142 3131 21 degrees degree NNS 39142 3131 22 of of IN 39142 3131 23 closeness closeness NN 39142 3131 24 following follow VBG 39142 3131 25 to to IN 39142 3131 26 the the DT 39142 3131 27 verge verge NN 39142 3131 28 of of IN 39142 3131 29 irresolvability irresolvability NN 39142 3131 30 , , , 39142 3131 31 and and CC 39142 3131 32 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3131 33 was be VBD 39142 3131 34 but but CC 39142 3131 35 natural natural JJ 39142 3131 36 to to TO 39142 3131 37 jump jump VB 39142 3131 38 to to IN 39142 3131 39 the the DT 39142 3131 40 conclusion conclusion NN 39142 3131 41 that that IN 39142 3131 42 the the DT 39142 3131 43 mystery mystery NN 39142 3131 44 of of IN 39142 3131 45 the the DT 39142 3131 46 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3131 47 consisted consist VBD 39142 3131 48 in in IN 39142 3131 49 nothing nothing NN 39142 3131 50 but but IN 39142 3131 51 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3131 52 vaster vaster NN 39142 3131 53 distance distance NN 39142 3131 54 than than IN 39142 3131 55 that that DT 39142 3131 56 of of IN 39142 3131 57 clusters cluster NNS 39142 3131 58 , , , 39142 3131 59 and and CC 39142 3131 60 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3131 61 was be VBD 39142 3131 62 believed believe VBN 39142 3131 63 that that IN 39142 3131 64 all all DT 39142 3131 65 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3131 66 would would MD 39142 3131 67 prove prove VB 39142 3131 68 resolvable resolvable JJ 39142 3131 69 into into IN 39142 3131 70 stars star NNS 39142 3131 71 whenever whenever WRB 39142 3131 72 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 3131 73 of of IN 39142 3131 74 sufficiently sufficiently RB 39142 3131 75 great great JJ 39142 3131 76 power power NN 39142 3131 77 could could MD 39142 3131 78 be be VB 39142 3131 79 constructed construct VBN 39142 3131 80 . . . 39142 3132 1 But but CC 39142 3132 2 the the DT 39142 3132 3 development development NN 39142 3132 4 of of IN 39142 3132 5 the the DT 39142 3132 6 spectroscope spectroscope NN 39142 3132 7 soon soon RB 39142 3132 8 showed show VBD 39142 3132 9 the the DT 39142 3132 10 error error NN 39142 3132 11 of of IN 39142 3132 12 this this DT 39142 3132 13 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 3132 14 , , , 39142 3132 15 by by IN 39142 3132 16 revealing reveal VBG 39142 3132 17 bright bright JJ 39142 3132 18 lines line NNS 39142 3132 19 in in IN 39142 3132 20 the the DT 39142 3132 21 nebular nebular JJ 39142 3132 22 spectra spectra NNP 39142 3132 23 showing show VBG 39142 3132 24 that that IN 39142 3132 25 many many JJ 39142 3132 26 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3132 27 emit emit VBP 39142 3132 28 light light NN 39142 3132 29 that that WDT 39142 3132 30 comes come VBZ 39142 3132 31 from from IN 39142 3132 32 glowing glow VBG 39142 3132 33 incandescent incandescent NN 39142 3132 34 gas gas NN 39142 3132 35 , , , 39142 3132 36 not not RB 39142 3132 37 from from IN 39142 3132 38 an an DT 39142 3132 39 infinitude infinitude NN 39142 3132 40 of of IN 39142 3132 41 small small JJ 39142 3132 42 stars star NNS 39142 3132 43 . . . 39142 3133 1 In in IN 39142 3133 2 pre pre JJ 39142 3133 3 - - JJ 39142 3133 4 telescope telescope JJ 39142 3133 5 days day NNS 39142 3133 6 nothing nothing NN 39142 3133 7 was be VBD 39142 3133 8 known know VBN 39142 3133 9 about about IN 39142 3133 10 the the DT 39142 3133 11 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3133 12 . . . 39142 3134 1 The the DT 39142 3134 2 great great JJ 39142 3134 3 nebula nebula NN 39142 3134 4 in in IN 39142 3134 5 Andromeda Andromeda NNP 39142 3134 6 , , , 39142 3134 7 and and CC 39142 3134 8 possibly possibly RB 39142 3134 9 the the DT 39142 3134 10 great great JJ 39142 3134 11 nebula nebula NN 39142 3134 12 in in IN 39142 3134 13 Orion Orion NNP 39142 3134 14 , , , 39142 3134 15 are be VBP 39142 3134 16 alone alone RB 39142 3134 17 visible visible JJ 39142 3134 18 to to IN 39142 3134 19 the the DT 39142 3134 20 naked naked JJ 39142 3134 21 eye eye NN 39142 3134 22 , , , 39142 3134 23 but but CC 39142 3134 24 as as IN 39142 3134 25 thus thus RB 39142 3134 26 seen see VBN 39142 3134 27 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3134 28 are be VBP 39142 3134 29 the the DT 39142 3134 30 merest mere JJS 39142 3134 31 wisps wisp NNS 39142 3134 32 of of IN 39142 3134 33 light light NN 39142 3134 34 , , , 39142 3134 35 the the DT 39142 3134 36 same same JJ 39142 3134 37 as as IN 39142 3134 38 the the DT 39142 3134 39 larger large JJR 39142 3134 40 clusters cluster NNS 39142 3134 41 are be VBP 39142 3134 42 . . . 39142 3135 1 Galileo Galileo NNP 39142 3135 2 , , , 39142 3135 3 Huygens Huygens NNP 39142 3135 4 and and CC 39142 3135 5 other other JJ 39142 3135 6 early early JJ 39142 3135 7 users user NNS 39142 3135 8 of of IN 39142 3135 9 the the DT 39142 3135 10 telescope telescope NN 39142 3135 11 made make VBD 39142 3135 12 observations observation NNS 39142 3135 13 of of IN 39142 3135 14 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3135 15 , , , 39142 3135 16 but but CC 39142 3135 17 long long JJ 39142 3135 18 - - HYPH 39142 3135 19 focus focus NN 39142 3135 20 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 3135 21 were be VBD 39142 3135 22 not not RB 39142 3135 23 well well RB 39142 3135 24 adapted adapt VBN 39142 3135 25 to to IN 39142 3135 26 this this DT 39142 3135 27 work work NN 39142 3135 28 . . . 39142 3136 1 Simon Simon NNP 39142 3136 2 Mayer Mayer NNP 39142 3136 3 has have VBZ 39142 3136 4 left leave VBN 39142 3136 5 us -PRON- PRP 39142 3136 6 the the DT 39142 3136 7 first first JJ 39142 3136 8 drawing drawing NN 39142 3136 9 of of IN 39142 3136 10 a a DT 39142 3136 11 nebula nebula NN 39142 3136 12 , , , 39142 3136 13 the the DT 39142 3136 14 Orion Orion NNP 39142 3136 15 nebula nebula NN 39142 3136 16 as as IN 39142 3136 17 he -PRON- PRP 39142 3136 18 saw see VBD 39142 3136 19 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3136 20 in in IN 39142 3136 21 1612 1612 CD 39142 3136 22 . . . 39142 3137 1 The the DT 39142 3137 2 vast vast JJ 39142 3137 3 light light JJ 39142 3137 4 - - HYPH 39142 3137 5 gathering gather VBG 39142 3137 6 power power NN 39142 3137 7 of of IN 39142 3137 8 the the DT 39142 3137 9 reflectors reflector NNS 39142 3137 10 built build VBN 39142 3137 11 by by IN 39142 3137 12 Sir Sir NNP 39142 3137 13 William William NNP 39142 3137 14 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 3137 15 first first RB 39142 3137 16 afforded afford VBD 39142 3137 17 glimpses glimpse NNS 39142 3137 18 of of IN 39142 3137 19 the the DT 39142 3137 20 structure structure NN 39142 3137 21 of of IN 39142 3137 22 the the DT 39142 3137 23 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3137 24 , , , 39142 3137 25 and and CC 39142 3137 26 if if IN 39142 3137 27 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3137 28 drawings drawing NNS 39142 3137 29 are be VBP 39142 3137 30 critically critically RB 39142 3137 31 compared compare VBN 39142 3137 32 with with IN 39142 3137 33 modern modern JJ 39142 3137 34 ones one NNS 39142 3137 35 , , , 39142 3137 36 no no DT 39142 3137 37 case case NN 39142 3137 38 of of IN 39142 3137 39 motion motion NN 39142 3137 40 with with IN 39142 3137 41 reference reference NN 39142 3137 42 to to IN 39142 3137 43 the the DT 39142 3137 44 stars star NNS 39142 3137 45 or or CC 39142 3137 46 of of IN 39142 3137 47 change change NN 39142 3137 48 in in IN 39142 3137 49 the the DT 39142 3137 50 filaments filament NNS 39142 3137 51 of of IN 39142 3137 52 the the DT 39142 3137 53 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3137 54 themselves -PRON- PRP 39142 3137 55 has have VBZ 39142 3137 56 been be VBN 39142 3137 57 satisfactorily satisfactorily RB 39142 3137 58 made make VBN 39142 3137 59 out out RP 39142 3137 60 . . . 39142 3138 1 Only only RB 39142 3138 2 very very RB 39142 3138 3 recently recently RB 39142 3138 4 has have VBZ 39142 3138 5 the the DT 39142 3138 6 distance distance NN 39142 3138 7 of of IN 39142 3138 8 a a DT 39142 3138 9 nebula nebula NN 39142 3138 10 been be VBN 39142 3138 11 determined determine VBN 39142 3138 12 , , , 39142 3138 13 and and CC 39142 3138 14 the the DT 39142 3138 15 few few JJ 39142 3138 16 that that WDT 39142 3138 17 have have VBP 39142 3138 18 been be VBN 39142 3138 19 measured measure VBN 39142 3138 20 seem seem VBP 39142 3138 21 to to TO 39142 3138 22 indicate indicate VB 39142 3138 23 that that IN 39142 3138 24 the the DT 39142 3138 25 nebulæ nebulæ NNS 39142 3138 26 are be VBP 39142 3138 27 at at IN 39142 3138 28 distances distance NNS 39142 3138 29 comparable comparable JJ 39142 3138 30 with with IN 39142 3138 31 the the DT 39142 3138 32 stars star NNS 39142 3138 33 . . . 39142 3139 1 Of of IN 39142 3139 2 all all DT 39142 3139 3 celestial celestial JJ 39142 3139 4 objects object NNS 39142 3139 5 the the DT 39142 3139 6 nebulæ nebulæ NNS 39142 3139 7 fill fill VB 39142 3139 8 the the DT 39142 3139 9 greatest great JJS 39142 3139 10 angles angle NNS 39142 3139 11 , , , 39142 3139 12 so so IN 39142 3139 13 that that IN 39142 3139 14 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3139 15 are be VBP 39142 3139 16 forced force VBN 39142 3139 17 to to TO 39142 3139 18 conclude conclude VB 39142 3139 19 , , , 39142 3139 20 with with IN 39142 3139 21 regard regard NN 39142 3139 22 to to IN 39142 3139 23 the the DT 39142 3139 24 actual actual JJ 39142 3139 25 size size NN 39142 3139 26 of of IN 39142 3139 27 the the DT 39142 3139 28 greater great JJR 39142 3139 29 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3139 30 as as IN 39142 3139 31 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3139 32 exist exist VBP 39142 3139 33 in in IN 39142 3139 34 space space NN 39142 3139 35 , , , 39142 3139 36 that that IN 39142 3139 37 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3139 38 far far RB 39142 3139 39 surpass surpass VBP 39142 3139 40 all all DT 39142 3139 41 other other JJ 39142 3139 42 objects object NNS 39142 3139 43 in in IN 39142 3139 44 bulk bulk NN 39142 3139 45 . . . 39142 3140 1 Photography Photography NNP 39142 3140 2 invaded invade VBD 39142 3140 3 the the DT 39142 3140 4 realm realm NN 39142 3140 5 of of IN 39142 3140 6 the the DT 39142 3140 7 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3140 8 in in IN 39142 3140 9 1880 1880 CD 39142 3140 10 , , , 39142 3140 11 when when WRB 39142 3140 12 Dr. Dr. NNP 39142 3140 13 Henry Henry NNP 39142 3140 14 Draper Draper NNP 39142 3140 15 secured secure VBD 39142 3140 16 the the DT 39142 3140 17 first first JJ 39142 3140 18 photograph photograph NN 39142 3140 19 of of IN 39142 3140 20 the the DT 39142 3140 21 nebula nebula NN 39142 3140 22 of of IN 39142 3140 23 Orion Orion NNP 39142 3140 24 . . . 39142 3141 1 Theoretically theoretically RB 39142 3141 2 photography photography NN 39142 3141 3 ought ought MD 39142 3141 4 to to TO 39142 3141 5 help help VB 39142 3141 6 greatly greatly RB 39142 3141 7 in in IN 39142 3141 8 the the DT 39142 3141 9 study study NN 39142 3141 10 of of IN 39142 3141 11 the the DT 39142 3141 12 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3141 13 , , , 39142 3141 14 and and CC 39142 3141 15 enable enable VB 39142 3141 16 us -PRON- PRP 39142 3141 17 in in IN 39142 3141 18 the the DT 39142 3141 19 lapse lapse NN 39142 3141 20 of of IN 39142 3141 21 centuries century NNS 39142 3141 22 to to TO 39142 3141 23 ascertain ascertain VB 39142 3141 24 the the DT 39142 3141 25 exact exact JJ 39142 3141 26 nature nature NN 39142 3141 27 of of IN 39142 3141 28 the the DT 39142 3141 29 changes change NNS 39142 3141 30 which which WDT 39142 3141 31 must must MD 39142 3141 32 be be VB 39142 3141 33 going go VBG 39142 3141 34 on on RP 39142 3141 35 . . . 39142 3142 1 The the DT 39142 3142 2 differences difference NNS 39142 3142 3 of of IN 39142 3142 4 photographic photographic JJ 39142 3142 5 processes process NNS 39142 3142 6 , , , 39142 3142 7 of of IN 39142 3142 8 plates plate NNS 39142 3142 9 , , , 39142 3142 10 of of IN 39142 3142 11 exposure exposure NN 39142 3142 12 and and CC 39142 3142 13 development development NN 39142 3142 14 produce produce NN 39142 3142 15 in in IN 39142 3142 16 the the DT 39142 3142 17 finished finished JJ 39142 3142 18 photograph photograph NN 39142 3142 19 vastly vastly RB 39142 3142 20 greater great JJR 39142 3142 21 differences difference NNS 39142 3142 22 than than IN 39142 3142 23 any any DT 39142 3142 24 actual actual JJ 39142 3142 25 changes change NNS 39142 3142 26 that that WDT 39142 3142 27 might may MD 39142 3142 28 be be VB 39142 3142 29 going go VBG 39142 3142 30 on on RP 39142 3142 31 , , , 39142 3142 32 so so IN 39142 3142 33 that that IN 39142 3142 34 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3142 35 must must MD 39142 3142 36 rely rely VB 39142 3142 37 rather rather RB 39142 3142 38 on on IN 39142 3142 39 optical optical JJ 39142 3142 40 drawings drawing NNS 39142 3142 41 made make VBN 39142 3142 42 with with IN 39142 3142 43 the the DT 39142 3142 44 telescope telescope NN 39142 3142 45 , , , 39142 3142 46 or or CC 39142 3142 47 on on IN 39142 3142 48 drawings drawing NNS 39142 3142 49 made make VBN 39142 3142 50 by by IN 39142 3142 51 expert expert JJ 39142 3142 52 artists artist NNS 39142 3142 53 from from IN 39142 3142 54 photographs photograph NNS 39142 3142 55 with with IN 39142 3142 56 many many JJ 39142 3142 57 lengths length NNS 39142 3142 58 of of IN 39142 3142 59 exposure exposure NN 39142 3142 60 on on IN 39142 3142 61 the the DT 39142 3142 62 same same JJ 39142 3142 63 object object NN 39142 3142 64 . . . 39142 3143 1 The the DT 39142 3143 2 great great JJ 39142 3143 3 work work NN 39142 3143 4 on on IN 39142 3143 5 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3143 6 and and CC 39142 3143 7 star star NN 39142 3143 8 clusters cluster NNS 39142 3143 9 recently recently RB 39142 3143 10 concluded conclude VBD 39142 3143 11 by by IN 39142 3143 12 Bigourdan Bigourdan NNP 39142 3143 13 of of IN 39142 3143 14 the the DT 39142 3143 15 Paris Paris NNP 39142 3143 16 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 3143 17 and and CC 39142 3143 18 published publish VBN 39142 3143 19 in in IN 39142 3143 20 five five CD 39142 3143 21 volumes volume NNS 39142 3143 22 received receive VBD 39142 3143 23 the the DT 39142 3143 24 award award NN 39142 3143 25 of of IN 39142 3143 26 the the DT 39142 3143 27 gold gold NN 39142 3143 28 medal medal NN 39142 3143 29 of of IN 39142 3143 30 the the DT 39142 3143 31 Royal Royal NNP 39142 3143 32 Astronomical Astronomical NNP 39142 3143 33 Society Society NNP 39142 3143 34 . . . 39142 3144 1 While while IN 39142 3144 2 D'Arrest D'Arrest NNP 39142 3144 3 measured measure VBD 39142 3144 4 about about RB 39142 3144 5 2,000 2,000 CD 39142 3144 6 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3144 7 , , , 39142 3144 8 and and CC 39142 3144 9 Sir Sir NNP 39142 3144 10 John John NNP 39142 3144 11 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 3144 12 about about IN 39142 3144 13 double double PDT 39142 3144 14 that that DT 39142 3144 15 number number NN 39142 3144 16 in in IN 39142 3144 17 both both DT 39142 3144 18 hemispheres hemisphere NNS 39142 3144 19 , , , 39142 3144 20 Bigourdan Bigourdan NNP 39142 3144 21 has have VBZ 39142 3144 22 measured measure VBN 39142 3144 23 about about RB 39142 3144 24 7,000 7,000 CD 39142 3144 25 . . . 39142 3145 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3145 2 work work NN 39142 3145 3 forms form VBZ 39142 3145 4 an an DT 39142 3145 5 invaluable invaluable JJ 39142 3145 6 lexicon lexicon NN 39142 3145 7 of of IN 39142 3145 8 information information NN 39142 3145 9 concerning concern VBG 39142 3145 10 the the DT 39142 3145 11 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3145 12 . . . 39142 3146 1 Classification classification NN 39142 3146 2 of of IN 39142 3146 3 the the DT 39142 3146 4 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3146 5 is be VBZ 39142 3146 6 not not RB 39142 3146 7 very very RB 39142 3146 8 satisfactory satisfactory JJ 39142 3146 9 , , , 39142 3146 10 if if IN 39142 3146 11 made make VBN 39142 3146 12 by by IN 39142 3146 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3146 14 shapes shape NNS 39142 3146 15 alone alone RB 39142 3146 16 . . . 39142 3147 1 There there EX 39142 3147 2 are be VBP 39142 3147 3 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 3147 4 fifteen fifteen CD 39142 3147 5 thousand thousand CD 39142 3147 6 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3147 7 in in IN 39142 3147 8 all all DT 39142 3147 9 that that WDT 39142 3147 10 have have VBP 39142 3147 11 been be VBN 39142 3147 12 catalogued catalogue VBN 39142 3147 13 , , , 39142 3147 14 described describe VBN 39142 3147 15 , , , 39142 3147 16 and and CC 39142 3147 17 photographed photograph VBD 39142 3147 18 . . . 39142 3148 1 Dreyer Dreyer NNP 39142 3148 2 's 's POS 39142 3148 3 new new JJ 39142 3148 4 general general JJ 39142 3148 5 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 3148 6 ( ( -LRB- 39142 3148 7 N.G.C. N.G.C. NNP 39142 3148 8 ) ) -RRB- 39142 3149 1 is be VBZ 39142 3149 2 the the DT 39142 3149 3 best good JJS 39142 3149 4 and and CC 39142 3149 5 most most RBS 39142 3149 6 useful useful JJ 39142 3149 7 . . . 39142 3150 1 Many many JJ 39142 3150 2 of of IN 39142 3150 3 the the DT 39142 3150 4 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3150 5 , , , 39142 3150 6 especially especially RB 39142 3150 7 the the DT 39142 3150 8 large large JJ 39142 3150 9 ones one NNS 39142 3150 10 , , , 39142 3150 11 can can MD 39142 3150 12 only only RB 39142 3150 13 be be VB 39142 3150 14 classified classify VBN 39142 3150 15 as as IN 39142 3150 16 irregular irregular JJ 39142 3150 17 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3150 18 . . . 39142 3151 1 The the DT 39142 3151 2 Orion Orion NNP 39142 3151 3 nebula nebula NN 39142 3151 4 is be VBZ 39142 3151 5 the the DT 39142 3151 6 principal principal JJ 39142 3151 7 one one CD 39142 3151 8 of of IN 39142 3151 9 this this DT 39142 3151 10 class class NN 39142 3151 11 , , , 39142 3151 12 revealing reveal VBG 39142 3151 13 an an DT 39142 3151 14 enormous enormous JJ 39142 3151 15 amount amount NN 39142 3151 16 of of IN 39142 3151 17 complicated complicated JJ 39142 3151 18 detail detail NN 39142 3151 19 , , , 39142 3151 20 with with IN 39142 3151 21 exceptional exceptional JJ 39142 3151 22 brilliancy brilliancy NN 39142 3151 23 of of IN 39142 3151 24 many many JJ 39142 3151 25 regions region NNS 39142 3151 26 and and CC 39142 3151 27 filaments filament NNS 39142 3151 28 . . . 39142 3152 1 An an DT 39142 3152 2 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 39142 3152 3 multiple multiple JJ 39142 3152 4 star star NN 39142 3152 5 , , , 39142 3152 6 Theta Theta NNP 39142 3152 7 Orionis Orionis NNP 39142 3152 8 , , , 39142 3152 9 occupies occupy VBZ 39142 3152 10 a a DT 39142 3152 11 very very RB 39142 3152 12 prominent prominent JJ 39142 3152 13 position position NN 39142 3152 14 in in IN 39142 3152 15 the the DT 39142 3152 16 nebula nebula NN 39142 3152 17 , , , 39142 3152 18 and and CC 39142 3152 19 photographs photograph NNS 39142 3152 20 by by IN 39142 3152 21 Pickering Pickering NNP 39142 3152 22 have have VBP 39142 3152 23 brought bring VBN 39142 3152 24 to to IN 39142 3152 25 light light JJ 39142 3152 26 curved curved JJ 39142 3152 27 filaments filament NNS 39142 3152 28 , , , 39142 3152 29 very very RB 39142 3152 30 faint faint JJ 39142 3152 31 and and CC 39142 3152 32 optically optically RB 39142 3152 33 invisible invisible JJ 39142 3152 34 , , , 39142 3152 35 in in IN 39142 3152 36 the the DT 39142 3152 37 outlying outlying JJ 39142 3152 38 regions region NNS 39142 3152 39 which which WDT 39142 3152 40 give give VBP 39142 3152 41 the the DT 39142 3152 42 Orion Orion NNP 39142 3152 43 nebula nebula NN 39142 3152 44 in in IN 39142 3152 45 part part NN 39142 3152 46 a a DT 39142 3152 47 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3152 48 character character NN 39142 3152 49 . . . 39142 3153 1 But but CC 39142 3153 2 the the DT 39142 3153 3 delicate delicate JJ 39142 3153 4 optical optical JJ 39142 3153 5 wisps wisp NNS 39142 3153 6 of of IN 39142 3153 7 this this DT 39142 3153 8 nebula nebula NN 39142 3153 9 are be VBP 39142 3153 10 well well RB 39142 3153 11 seen see VBN 39142 3153 12 , , , 39142 3153 13 even even RB 39142 3153 14 in in IN 39142 3153 15 very very RB 39142 3153 16 small small JJ 39142 3153 17 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 3153 18 . . . 39142 3154 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3154 2 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 3154 3 yields yield VBZ 39142 3154 4 hydrogen hydrogen NN 39142 3154 5 , , , 39142 3154 6 helium helium NN 39142 3154 7 and and CC 39142 3154 8 nitrogen nitrogen NN 39142 3154 9 . . . 39142 3155 1 The the DT 39142 3155 2 Orion Orion NNP 39142 3155 3 nebula nebula NN 39142 3155 4 is be VBZ 39142 3155 5 receding recede VBG 39142 3155 6 from from IN 39142 3155 7 the the DT 39142 3155 8 earth earth NN 39142 3155 9 about about RB 39142 3155 10 eleven eleven CD 39142 3155 11 miles mile NNS 39142 3155 12 in in IN 39142 3155 13 every every DT 39142 3155 14 second second NN 39142 3155 15 . . . 39142 3156 1 Keeler Keeler NNP 39142 3156 2 and and CC 39142 3156 3 Campbell Campbell NNP 39142 3156 4 have have VBP 39142 3156 5 shown show VBN 39142 3156 6 that that IN 39142 3156 7 nearly nearly RB 39142 3156 8 every every DT 39142 3156 9 line line NN 39142 3156 10 of of IN 39142 3156 11 the the DT 39142 3156 12 nebular nebular JJ 39142 3156 13 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 3156 14 is be VBZ 39142 3156 15 a a DT 39142 3156 16 counterpart counterpart NN 39142 3156 17 of of IN 39142 3156 18 a a DT 39142 3156 19 prominent prominent JJ 39142 3156 20 dark dark JJ 39142 3156 21 line line NN 39142 3156 22 in in IN 39142 3156 23 the the DT 39142 3156 24 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 3156 25 of of IN 39142 3156 26 the the DT 39142 3156 27 brighter bright JJR 39142 3156 28 stars star NNS 39142 3156 29 of of IN 39142 3156 30 the the DT 39142 3156 31 constellation constellation NN 39142 3156 32 of of IN 39142 3156 33 Orion Orion NNP 39142 3156 34 . . . 39142 3157 1 A a DT 39142 3157 2 recent recent JJ 39142 3157 3 investigator investigator NN 39142 3157 4 of of IN 39142 3157 5 the the DT 39142 3157 6 distribution distribution NN 39142 3157 7 of of IN 39142 3157 8 luminosity luminosity NN 39142 3157 9 in in IN 39142 3157 10 the the DT 39142 3157 11 great great JJ 39142 3157 12 nebula nebula NN 39142 3157 13 of of IN 39142 3157 14 Orion Orion NNP 39142 3157 15 finds find VBZ 39142 3157 16 that that IN 39142 3157 17 radiations radiation NNS 39142 3157 18 from from IN 39142 3157 19 nebulium nebulium NN 39142 3157 20 are be VBP 39142 3157 21 confined confine VBN 39142 3157 22 chiefly chiefly RB 39142 3157 23 to to IN 39142 3157 24 the the DT 39142 3157 25 Huygenian huygenian JJ 39142 3157 26 region region NN 39142 3157 27 of of IN 39142 3157 28 the the DT 39142 3157 29 nebula nebula NN 39142 3157 30 and and CC 39142 3157 31 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3157 32 immediate immediate JJ 39142 3157 33 neighborhood neighborhood NN 39142 3157 34 . . . 39142 3158 1 Photography Photography NNP 39142 3158 2 has have VBZ 39142 3158 3 revealed reveal VBN 39142 3158 4 another another DT 39142 3158 5 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 39142 3158 6 nebula nebula NN 39142 3158 7 or or CC 39142 3158 8 group group NN 39142 3158 9 of of IN 39142 3158 10 nebulæ nebulæ NNP 39142 3158 11 surrounding surround VBG 39142 3158 12 the the DT 39142 3158 13 stars star NNS 39142 3158 14 in in IN 39142 3158 15 the the DT 39142 3158 16 Pleiades Pleiades NNP 39142 3158 17 , , , 39142 3158 18 which which WDT 39142 3158 19 the the DT 39142 3158 20 deft deft NN 39142 3158 21 manipulation manipulation NN 39142 3158 22 of of IN 39142 3158 23 Barnard Barnard NNP 39142 3158 24 has have VBZ 39142 3158 25 brought bring VBN 39142 3158 26 to to IN 39142 3158 27 light light NN 39142 3158 28 . . . 39142 3159 1 All all PDT 39142 3159 2 the the DT 39142 3159 3 stars star NNS 39142 3159 4 and and CC 39142 3159 5 the the DT 39142 3159 6 nebula nebula NN 39142 3159 7 are be VBP 39142 3159 8 so so RB 39142 3159 9 interrelated interrelated JJ 39142 3159 10 that that IN 39142 3159 11 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3159 12 are be VBP 39142 3159 13 obviously obviously RB 39142 3159 14 bound bind VBN 39142 3159 15 together together RB 39142 3159 16 physically physically RB 39142 3159 17 , , , 39142 3159 18 as as IN 39142 3159 19 the the DT 39142 3159 20 common common JJ 39142 3159 21 proper proper JJ 39142 3159 22 motion motion NN 39142 3159 23 of of IN 39142 3159 24 the the DT 39142 3159 25 stars star NNS 39142 3159 26 also also RB 39142 3159 27 appears appear VBZ 39142 3159 28 to to TO 39142 3159 29 show show VB 39142 3159 30 . . . 39142 3160 1 Also also RB 39142 3160 2 in in IN 39142 3160 3 the the DT 39142 3160 4 constellation constellation NN 39142 3160 5 Cygnus Cygnus NNP 39142 3160 6 , , , 39142 3160 7 Barnard Barnard NNP 39142 3160 8 has have VBZ 39142 3160 9 discovered discover VBN 39142 3160 10 very very RB 39142 3160 11 extensive extensive JJ 39142 3160 12 nebulosities nebulositie NNS 39142 3160 13 of of IN 39142 3160 14 a a DT 39142 3160 15 delicate delicate JJ 39142 3160 16 filmy filmy JJ 39142 3160 17 cloudlike cloudlike NN 39142 3160 18 nature nature NN 39142 3160 19 which which WDT 39142 3160 20 are be VBP 39142 3160 21 wholly wholly RB 39142 3160 22 invisible invisible JJ 39142 3160 23 with with IN 39142 3160 24 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 3160 25 , , , 39142 3160 26 but but CC 39142 3160 27 very very RB 39142 3160 28 obvious obvious JJ 39142 3160 29 on on IN 39142 3160 30 highly highly RB 39142 3160 31 sensitive sensitive JJ 39142 3160 32 plates plate NNS 39142 3160 33 with with IN 39142 3160 34 long long JJ 39142 3160 35 exposures exposure NNS 39142 3160 36 . . . 39142 3161 1 Another another DT 39142 3161 2 class class NN 39142 3161 3 of of IN 39142 3161 4 these these DT 39142 3161 5 objects object NNS 39142 3161 6 are be VBP 39142 3161 7 the the DT 39142 3161 8 annular annular JJ 39142 3161 9 and and CC 39142 3161 10 elliptic elliptic JJ 39142 3161 11 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3161 12 which which WDT 39142 3161 13 are be VBP 39142 3161 14 not not RB 39142 3161 15 very very RB 39142 3161 16 abundant abundant JJ 39142 3161 17 . . . 39142 3162 1 The the DT 39142 3162 2 southern southern JJ 39142 3162 3 constellation constellation NN 39142 3162 4 Grus Grus NNP 39142 3162 5 , , , 39142 3162 6 the the DT 39142 3162 7 crane crane NN 39142 3162 8 , , , 39142 3162 9 contains contain VBZ 39142 3162 10 a a DT 39142 3162 11 fine fine JJ 39142 3162 12 one one NN 39142 3162 13 , , , 39142 3162 14 but but CC 39142 3162 15 by by IN 39142 3162 16 far far RB 39142 3162 17 the the DT 39142 3162 18 best good JJS 39142 3162 19 example example NN 39142 3162 20 is be VBZ 39142 3162 21 in in IN 39142 3162 22 the the DT 39142 3162 23 constellation constellation NN 39142 3162 24 Lyra Lyra NNP 39142 3162 25 . . . 39142 3163 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 3163 2 is be VBZ 39142 3163 3 a a DT 39142 3163 4 nearly nearly RB 39142 3163 5 perfect perfect JJ 39142 3163 6 ring ring NN 39142 3163 7 , , , 39142 3163 8 elliptic elliptic JJ 39142 3163 9 in in IN 39142 3163 10 figure figure NN 39142 3163 11 , , , 39142 3163 12 exceedingly exceedingly RB 39142 3163 13 faint faint JJ 39142 3163 14 in in IN 39142 3163 15 small small JJ 39142 3163 16 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 3163 17 ; ; : 39142 3163 18 but but CC 39142 3163 19 large large JJ 39142 3163 20 instruments instrument NNS 39142 3163 21 reveal reveal VBP 39142 3163 22 many many JJ 39142 3163 23 stars star NNS 39142 3163 24 within within IN 39142 3163 25 the the DT 39142 3163 26 annulus annulus NN 39142 3163 27 , , , 39142 3163 28 one one CD 39142 3163 29 near near IN 39142 3163 30 the the DT 39142 3163 31 center center NN 39142 3163 32 which which WDT 39142 3163 33 , , , 39142 3163 34 although although IN 39142 3163 35 very very RB 39142 3163 36 faint faint JJ 39142 3163 37 to to IN 39142 3163 38 the the DT 39142 3163 39 eye eye NN 39142 3163 40 , , , 39142 3163 41 is be VBZ 39142 3163 42 always always RB 39142 3163 43 an an DT 39142 3163 44 easy easy JJ 39142 3163 45 object object NN 39142 3163 46 on on IN 39142 3163 47 the the DT 39142 3163 48 photographic photographic JJ 39142 3163 49 plate plate NN 39142 3163 50 , , , 39142 3163 51 because because IN 39142 3163 52 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3163 53 is be VBZ 39142 3163 54 rich rich JJ 39142 3163 55 in in IN 39142 3163 56 blue blue JJ 39142 3163 57 and and CC 39142 3163 58 violet violet NN 39142 3163 59 rays ray NNS 39142 3163 60 . . . 39142 3164 1 The the DT 39142 3164 2 parallax parallax NN 39142 3164 3 of of IN 39142 3164 4 the the DT 39142 3164 5 ring ring NN 39142 3164 6 nebula nebula NN 39142 3164 7 in in IN 39142 3164 8 Lyra Lyra NNP 39142 3164 9 comes come VBZ 39142 3164 10 out out RP 39142 3164 11 only only RB 39142 3164 12 one one CD 39142 3164 13 - - HYPH 39142 3164 14 sixth sixth NN 39142 3164 15 of of IN 39142 3164 16 that that DT 39142 3164 17 of of IN 39142 3164 18 the the DT 39142 3164 19 planetary planetary NN 39142 3164 20 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3164 21 , , , 39142 3164 22 and and CC 39142 3164 23 the the DT 39142 3164 24 least least RBS 39142 3164 25 greatest great JJS 39142 3164 26 diameters diameter NNS 39142 3164 27 of of IN 39142 3164 28 this this DT 39142 3164 29 huge huge JJ 39142 3164 30 continuous continuous JJ 39142 3164 31 ring ring NN 39142 3164 32 are be VBP 39142 3164 33 250 250 CD 39142 3164 34 and and CC 39142 3164 35 330 330 CD 39142 3164 36 times time NNS 39142 3164 37 the the DT 39142 3164 38 orbit orbit NN 39142 3164 39 of of IN 39142 3164 40 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 3164 41 . . . 39142 3165 1 Planetary planetary JJ 39142 3165 2 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3165 3 and and CC 39142 3165 4 nebulous nebulous JJ 39142 3165 5 stars star NNS 39142 3165 6 are be VBP 39142 3165 7 yet yet RB 39142 3165 8 another another DT 39142 3165 9 class class NN 39142 3165 10 of of IN 39142 3165 11 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3165 12 , , , 39142 3165 13 for for IN 39142 3165 14 the the DT 39142 3165 15 most most JJS 39142 3165 16 part part NN 39142 3165 17 faint faint JJ 39142 3165 18 and and CC 39142 3165 19 small small JJ 39142 3165 20 , , , 39142 3165 21 resembling resemble VBG 39142 3165 22 in in IN 39142 3165 23 some some DT 39142 3165 24 measure measure NN 39142 3165 25 a a DT 39142 3165 26 planetary planetary NN 39142 3165 27 disk disk NN 39142 3165 28 or or CC 39142 3165 29 a a DT 39142 3165 30 star star NN 39142 3165 31 with with IN 39142 3165 32 nebulous nebulous JJ 39142 3165 33 outline outline NN 39142 3165 34 . . . 39142 3166 1 Practically practically RB 39142 3166 2 all all DT 39142 3166 3 are be VBP 39142 3166 4 gaseous gaseous JJ 39142 3166 5 in in IN 39142 3166 6 composition composition NN 39142 3166 7 , , , 39142 3166 8 and and CC 39142 3166 9 have have VB 39142 3166 10 large large JJ 39142 3166 11 radial radial JJ 39142 3166 12 velocities velocity NNS 39142 3166 13 . . . 39142 3167 1 Probably probably RB 39142 3167 2 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3167 3 are be VBP 39142 3167 4 located locate VBN 39142 3167 5 within within IN 39142 3167 6 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3167 7 own own JJ 39142 3167 8 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3167 9 system system NN 39142 3167 10 . . . 39142 3168 1 The the DT 39142 3168 2 parallaxes parallax NNS 39142 3168 3 of of IN 39142 3168 4 several several JJ 39142 3168 5 of of IN 39142 3168 6 them -PRON- PRP 39142 3168 7 have have VBP 39142 3168 8 been be VBN 39142 3168 9 measured measure VBN 39142 3168 10 by by IN 39142 3168 11 Van Van NNP 39142 3168 12 Maanen Maanen NNP 39142 3168 13 : : : 39142 3168 14 one one CD 39142 3168 15 of of IN 39142 3168 16 the the DT 39142 3168 17 very very RB 39142 3168 18 small small JJ 39142 3168 19 angle angle NN 39142 3168 20 0".023 0".023 NNP 39142 3168 21 , , , 39142 3168 22 which which WDT 39142 3168 23 enables enable VBZ 39142 3168 24 us -PRON- PRP 39142 3168 25 to to TO 39142 3168 26 calculate calculate VB 39142 3168 27 the the DT 39142 3168 28 diameter diameter NN 39142 3168 29 of of IN 39142 3168 30 this this DT 39142 3168 31 faint faint JJ 39142 3168 32 but but CC 39142 3168 33 interesting interesting JJ 39142 3168 34 object object NN 39142 3168 35 as as RB 39142 3168 36 equal equal JJ 39142 3168 37 to to IN 39142 3168 38 nineteen nineteen CD 39142 3168 39 times time NNS 39142 3168 40 the the DT 39142 3168 41 orbit orbit NN 39142 3168 42 of of IN 39142 3168 43 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 3168 44 . . . 39142 3169 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39142 3169 2 LIX LIX NNP 39142 3169 3 THE the DT 39142 3169 4 SPIRAL SPIRAL NNP 39142 3169 5 NEBULÆ NEBULÆ NNP 39142 3169 6 Last last RB 39142 3169 7 and and CC 39142 3169 8 most most RBS 39142 3169 9 important important JJ 39142 3169 10 of of IN 39142 3169 11 all all DT 39142 3169 12 are be VBP 39142 3169 13 the the DT 39142 3169 14 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3169 15 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3169 16 . . . 39142 3170 1 The the DT 39142 3170 2 finest fine JJS 39142 3170 3 example example NN 39142 3170 4 is be VBZ 39142 3170 5 in in IN 39142 3170 6 the the DT 39142 3170 7 constellation constellation NN 39142 3170 8 Canes Canes NNP 39142 3170 9 Venatici Venatici NNP 39142 3170 10 , , , 39142 3170 11 and and CC 39142 3170 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3170 13 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3170 14 configuration configuration NN 39142 3170 15 was be VBD 39142 3170 16 first first RB 39142 3170 17 noted note VBN 39142 3170 18 by by IN 39142 3170 19 Lord Lord NNP 39142 3170 20 Rosse Rosse NNP 39142 3170 21 , , , 39142 3170 22 an an DT 39142 3170 23 epoch epoch NN 39142 3170 24 - - HYPH 39142 3170 25 making make VBG 39142 3170 26 discovery discovery NN 39142 3170 27 . . . 39142 3171 1 The the DT 39142 3171 2 convolutions convolution NNS 39142 3171 3 of of IN 39142 3171 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3171 5 spiral spiral NN 39142 3171 6 are be VBP 39142 3171 7 filled fill VBN 39142 3171 8 with with IN 39142 3171 9 numerous numerous JJ 39142 3171 10 starlike starlike NN 39142 3171 11 condensations condensation NNS 39142 3171 12 , , , 39142 3171 13 themselves -PRON- PRP 39142 3171 14 engulfed engulf VBD 39142 3171 15 in in IN 39142 3171 16 nebulosity nebulosity NN 39142 3171 17 . . . 39142 3172 1 Photography Photography NNP 39142 3172 2 possesses possess VBZ 39142 3172 3 a a DT 39142 3172 4 vast vast JJ 39142 3172 5 advantage advantage NN 39142 3172 6 over over IN 39142 3172 7 the the DT 39142 3172 8 eye eye NN 39142 3172 9 in in IN 39142 3172 10 revealing reveal VBG 39142 3172 11 the the DT 39142 3172 12 marvelous marvelous JJ 39142 3172 13 character character NN 39142 3172 14 of of IN 39142 3172 15 this this DT 39142 3172 16 object object NN 39142 3172 17 , , , 39142 3172 18 an an DT 39142 3172 19 inconceivably inconceivably RB 39142 3172 20 vast vast JJ 39142 3172 21 celestial celestial JJ 39142 3172 22 whirlpool whirlpool NN 39142 3172 23 . . . 39142 3173 1 Naturally naturally RB 39142 3173 2 the the DT 39142 3173 3 central central JJ 39142 3173 4 regions region NNS 39142 3173 5 of of IN 39142 3173 6 the the DT 39142 3173 7 whorl whorl NN 39142 3173 8 would would MD 39142 3173 9 revolve revolve VB 39142 3173 10 most most RBS 39142 3173 11 swiftly swiftly RB 39142 3173 12 , , , 39142 3173 13 but but CC 39142 3173 14 no no DT 39142 3173 15 comparison comparison NN 39142 3173 16 of of IN 39142 3173 17 drawings drawing NNS 39142 3173 18 and and CC 39142 3173 19 photographs photograph NNS 39142 3173 20 , , , 39142 3173 21 separated separate VBN 39142 3173 22 by by IN 39142 3173 23 intervals interval NNS 39142 3173 24 of of IN 39142 3173 25 many many JJ 39142 3173 26 years year NNS 39142 3173 27 , , , 39142 3173 28 has have VBZ 39142 3173 29 yet yet RB 39142 3173 30 revealed reveal VBN 39142 3173 31 even even RB 39142 3173 32 a a DT 39142 3173 33 trace trace NN 39142 3173 34 of of IN 39142 3173 35 any any DT 39142 3173 36 such such JJ 39142 3173 37 motion motion NN 39142 3173 38 . . . 39142 3174 1 The the DT 39142 3174 2 number number NN 39142 3174 3 of of IN 39142 3174 4 large large JJ 39142 3174 5 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3174 6 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3174 7 is be VBZ 39142 3174 8 not not RB 39142 3174 9 very very RB 39142 3174 10 great great JJ 39142 3174 11 ; ; : 39142 3174 12 the the DT 39142 3174 13 largest large JJS 39142 3174 14 of of IN 39142 3174 15 all all DT 39142 3174 16 is be VBZ 39142 3174 17 the the DT 39142 3174 18 great great JJ 39142 3174 19 nebula nebula NN 39142 3174 20 of of IN 39142 3174 21 Andromeda Andromeda NNP 39142 3174 22 , , , 39142 3174 23 whose whose WP$ 39142 3174 24 length length NN 39142 3174 25 stretches stretch NNS 39142 3174 26 over over IN 39142 3174 27 an an DT 39142 3174 28 arc arc NN 39142 3174 29 of of IN 39142 3174 30 seven seven CD 39142 3174 31 times time NNS 39142 3174 32 the the DT 39142 3174 33 breadth breadth NN 39142 3174 34 of of IN 39142 3174 35 the the DT 39142 3174 36 moon moon NN 39142 3174 37 , , , 39142 3174 38 and and CC 39142 3174 39 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3174 40 width width NN 39142 3174 41 about about IN 39142 3174 42 half half NN 39142 3174 43 as as RB 39142 3174 44 great great JJ 39142 3174 45 . . . 39142 3175 1 This this DT 39142 3175 2 nebula nebula NN 39142 3175 3 is be VBZ 39142 3175 4 a a DT 39142 3175 5 naked naked JJ 39142 3175 6 - - HYPH 39142 3175 7 eye eye NN 39142 3175 8 object object NN 39142 3175 9 near near IN 39142 3175 10 Eta Eta NNP 39142 3175 11 Andromedæ Andromedæ NNP 39142 3175 12 , , , 39142 3175 13 and and CC 39142 3175 14 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3175 15 is be VBZ 39142 3175 16 often often RB 39142 3175 17 mistaken mistaken JJ 39142 3175 18 for for IN 39142 3175 19 a a DT 39142 3175 20 comet comet NN 39142 3175 21 . . . 39142 3176 1 Optically optically RB 39142 3176 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3176 3 was be VBD 39142 3176 4 always always RB 39142 3176 5 a a DT 39142 3176 6 puzzle puzzle NN 39142 3176 7 , , , 39142 3176 8 but but CC 39142 3176 9 photographs photograph NNS 39142 3176 10 by by IN 39142 3176 11 Roberts Roberts NNP 39142 3176 12 of of IN 39142 3176 13 England England NNP 39142 3176 14 first first RB 39142 3176 15 revealed reveal VBD 39142 3176 16 the the DT 39142 3176 17 true true JJ 39142 3176 18 spiral spiral NN 39142 3176 19 , , , 39142 3176 20 with with IN 39142 3176 21 ringlike ringlike JJ 39142 3176 22 formations formation NNS 39142 3176 23 partially partially RB 39142 3176 24 distinct distinct JJ 39142 3176 25 , , , 39142 3176 26 and and CC 39142 3176 27 knots knot NNS 39142 3176 28 of of IN 39142 3176 29 condensing condense VBG 39142 3176 30 nebulosity nebulosity NN 39142 3176 31 as as IN 39142 3176 32 of of IN 39142 3176 33 companion companion NN 39142 3176 34 stars star NNS 39142 3176 35 in in IN 39142 3176 36 the the DT 39142 3176 37 making making NN 39142 3176 38 . . . 39142 3177 1 While while IN 39142 3177 2 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3177 3 spectrum spectrum NN 39142 3177 4 shows show VBZ 39142 3177 5 the the DT 39142 3177 6 nongaseous nongaseous JJ 39142 3177 7 constitution constitution NN 39142 3177 8 of of IN 39142 3177 9 this this DT 39142 3177 10 nebula nebula NN 39142 3177 11 , , , 39142 3177 12 no no DT 39142 3177 13 telescope telescope NN 39142 3177 14 has have VBZ 39142 3177 15 yet yet RB 39142 3177 16 resolved resolve VBN 39142 3177 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3177 18 into into IN 39142 3177 19 component component NN 39142 3177 20 stars star NNS 39142 3177 21 . . . 39142 3178 1 Systematic systematic JJ 39142 3178 2 search search NN 39142 3178 3 for for IN 39142 3178 4 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3178 5 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3178 6 by by IN 39142 3178 7 Keeler Keeler NNP 39142 3178 8 , , , 39142 3178 9 and and CC 39142 3178 10 later later RB 39142 3178 11 continued continue VBN 39142 3178 12 by by IN 39142 3178 13 Perrine Perrine NNP 39142 3178 14 , , , 39142 3178 15 at at IN 39142 3178 16 the the DT 39142 3178 17 Lick Lick NNP 39142 3178 18 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 3178 19 , , , 39142 3178 20 with with IN 39142 3178 21 the the DT 39142 3178 22 36-inch 36-inch CD 39142 3178 23 Crossley Crossley NNP 39142 3178 24 reflector reflector NN 39142 3178 25 , , , 39142 3178 26 disclosed disclose VBD 39142 3178 27 the the DT 39142 3178 28 existence existence NN 39142 3178 29 of of IN 39142 3178 30 vast vast JJ 39142 3178 31 numbers number NNS 39142 3178 32 of of IN 39142 3178 33 these these DT 39142 3178 34 objects object NNS 39142 3178 35 , , , 39142 3178 36 in in IN 39142 3178 37 fact fact NN 39142 3178 38 many many JJ 39142 3178 39 hundreds hundred NNS 39142 3178 40 of of IN 39142 3178 41 thousands thousand NNS 39142 3178 42 by by IN 39142 3178 43 estimation estimation NN 39142 3178 44 ; ; : 39142 3178 45 so so IN 39142 3178 46 that that IN 39142 3178 47 , , , 39142 3178 48 next next RB 39142 3178 49 to to IN 39142 3178 50 the the DT 39142 3178 51 stars star NNS 39142 3178 52 , , , 39142 3178 53 the the DT 39142 3178 54 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3178 55 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3178 56 are be VBP 39142 3178 57 by by IN 39142 3178 58 far far RB 39142 3178 59 the the DT 39142 3178 60 most most RBS 39142 3178 61 abundant abundant JJ 39142 3178 62 of of IN 39142 3178 63 all all DT 39142 3178 64 objects object NNS 39142 3178 65 in in IN 39142 3178 66 the the DT 39142 3178 67 sky sky NN 39142 3178 68 . . . 39142 3179 1 They -PRON- PRP 39142 3179 2 present present VBP 39142 3179 3 every every DT 39142 3179 4 phase phase NN 39142 3179 5 according accord VBG 39142 3179 6 to to IN 39142 3179 7 the the DT 39142 3179 8 angle angle NN 39142 3179 9 of of IN 39142 3179 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3179 11 plane plane NN 39142 3179 12 with with IN 39142 3179 13 the the DT 39142 3179 14 line line NN 39142 3179 15 of of IN 39142 3179 16 sight sight NN 39142 3179 17 , , , 39142 3179 18 and and CC 39142 3179 19 the the DT 39142 3179 20 convolutions convolution NNS 39142 3179 21 of of IN 39142 3179 22 the the DT 39142 3179 23 open open JJ 39142 3179 24 ones one NNS 39142 3179 25 are be VBP 39142 3179 26 very very RB 39142 3179 27 perfectly perfectly RB 39142 3179 28 marked marked JJ 39142 3179 29 . . . 39142 3180 1 Many many JJ 39142 3180 2 are be VBP 39142 3180 3 filled fill VBN 39142 3180 4 with with IN 39142 3180 5 stars star NNS 39142 3180 6 in in IN 39142 3180 7 all all DT 39142 3180 8 degrees degree NNS 39142 3180 9 of of IN 39142 3180 10 condensation condensation NN 39142 3180 11 , , , 39142 3180 12 and and CC 39142 3180 13 the the DT 39142 3180 14 appearance appearance NN 39142 3180 15 is be VBZ 39142 3180 16 strongly strongly RB 39142 3180 17 as as IN 39142 3180 18 if if IN 39142 3180 19 stars star NNS 39142 3180 20 are be VBP 39142 3180 21 here here RB 39142 3180 22 caught catch VBN 39142 3180 23 in in IN 39142 3180 24 every every DT 39142 3180 25 step step NN 39142 3180 26 of of IN 39142 3180 27 the the DT 39142 3180 28 process process NN 39142 3180 29 of of IN 39142 3180 30 making make VBG 39142 3180 31 . . . 39142 3181 1 The the DT 39142 3181 2 vast vast JJ 39142 3181 3 multitude multitude NN 39142 3181 4 of of IN 39142 3181 5 the the DT 39142 3181 6 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3181 7 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3181 8 indicates indicate VBZ 39142 3181 9 clearly clearly RB 39142 3181 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3181 11 importance importance NN 39142 3181 12 in in IN 39142 3181 13 the the DT 39142 3181 14 theory theory NN 39142 3181 15 of of IN 39142 3181 16 the the DT 39142 3181 17 cosmogony cosmogony NN 39142 3181 18 , , , 39142 3181 19 or or CC 39142 3181 20 science science NN 39142 3181 21 of of IN 39142 3181 22 the the DT 39142 3181 23 development development NN 39142 3181 24 of of IN 39142 3181 25 the the DT 39142 3181 26 material material JJ 39142 3181 27 universe universe NN 39142 3181 28 . . . 39142 3182 1 Curtis Curtis NNP 39142 3182 2 of of IN 39142 3182 3 the the DT 39142 3182 4 Lick Lick NNP 39142 3182 5 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 3182 6 has have VBZ 39142 3182 7 lately lately RB 39142 3182 8 extended extend VBN 39142 3182 9 the the DT 39142 3182 10 estimated estimate VBN 39142 3182 11 number number NN 39142 3182 12 of of IN 39142 3182 13 these these DT 39142 3182 14 objects object NNS 39142 3182 15 to to IN 39142 3182 16 700,000 700,000 CD 39142 3182 17 . . . 39142 3183 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 3183 2 has have VBZ 39142 3183 3 also also RB 39142 3183 4 photographed photograph VBN 39142 3183 5 with with IN 39142 3183 6 the the DT 39142 3183 7 Crossley Crossley NNP 39142 3183 8 reflector reflector NN 39142 3183 9 many many JJ 39142 3183 10 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3183 11 with with IN 39142 3183 12 lanes lane NNS 39142 3183 13 or or CC 39142 3183 14 dark dark JJ 39142 3183 15 streaks streak NNS 39142 3183 16 crossing cross VBG 39142 3183 17 them -PRON- PRP 39142 3183 18 longitudinally longitudinally RB 39142 3183 19 through through IN 39142 3183 20 or or CC 39142 3183 21 near near IN 39142 3183 22 the the DT 39142 3183 23 center center NN 39142 3183 24 . . . 39142 3184 1 These these DT 39142 3184 2 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 3184 3 streaks streak NNS 39142 3184 4 appear appear VBP 39142 3184 5 as as IN 39142 3184 6 if if IN 39142 3184 7 due due JJ 39142 3184 8 to to IN 39142 3184 9 opaque opaque JJ 39142 3184 10 matter matter NN 39142 3184 11 between between IN 39142 3184 12 us -PRON- PRP 39142 3184 13 and and CC 39142 3184 14 the the DT 39142 3184 15 luminous luminous JJ 39142 3184 16 matter matter NN 39142 3184 17 of of IN 39142 3184 18 the the DT 39142 3184 19 nebula nebula NN 39142 3184 20 beyond beyond IN 39142 3184 21 . . . 39142 3185 1 Perhaps perhaps RB 39142 3185 2 a a DT 39142 3185 3 dark dark JJ 39142 3185 4 ring ring NN 39142 3185 5 of of IN 39142 3185 6 absorptive absorptive JJ 39142 3185 7 or or CC 39142 3185 8 occulting occulting JJ 39142 3185 9 matter matter NN 39142 3185 10 encircles encircle VBZ 39142 3185 11 the the DT 39142 3185 12 nebula nebula NN 39142 3185 13 in in IN 39142 3185 14 nearly nearly RB 39142 3185 15 the the DT 39142 3185 16 same same JJ 39142 3185 17 plane plane NN 39142 3185 18 with with IN 39142 3185 19 the the DT 39142 3185 20 luminous luminous JJ 39142 3185 21 whorls whorls NN 39142 3185 22 . . . 39142 3186 1 Duncan Duncan NNP 39142 3186 2 has have VBZ 39142 3186 3 employed employ VBN 39142 3186 4 the the DT 39142 3186 5 60-inch 60-inch CD 39142 3186 6 Mount Mount NNP 39142 3186 7 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 3186 8 reflector reflector NN 39142 3186 9 in in IN 39142 3186 10 photographing photograph VBG 39142 3186 11 bright bright JJ 39142 3186 12 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3186 13 and and CC 39142 3186 14 star star NN 39142 3186 15 clusters cluster NNS 39142 3186 16 in in IN 39142 3186 17 the the DT 39142 3186 18 very very RB 39142 3186 19 interesting interesting JJ 39142 3186 20 regions region NNS 39142 3186 21 of of IN 39142 3186 22 Sagittarius Sagittarius NNP 39142 3186 23 . . . 39142 3187 1 One one CD 39142 3187 2 of of IN 39142 3187 3 these these DT 39142 3187 4 shows show VBZ 39142 3187 5 unmistakable unmistakable JJ 39142 3187 6 dark dark JJ 39142 3187 7 rifts rift NNS 39142 3187 8 or or CC 39142 3187 9 lanes lane NNS 39142 3187 10 in in IN 39142 3187 11 all all DT 39142 3187 12 parts part NNS 39142 3187 13 of of IN 39142 3187 14 the the DT 39142 3187 15 nebula nebula NN 39142 3187 16 , , , 39142 3187 17 resembling resemble VBG 39142 3187 18 the the DT 39142 3187 19 dark dark JJ 39142 3187 20 regions region NNS 39142 3187 21 of of IN 39142 3187 22 the the DT 39142 3187 23 neighboring neighboring JJ 39142 3187 24 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3187 25 Way Way NNP 39142 3187 26 . . . 39142 3188 1 Pease pease NN 39142 3188 2 of of IN 39142 3188 3 Mount Mount NNP 39142 3188 4 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 3188 5 has have VBZ 39142 3188 6 recently recently RB 39142 3188 7 employed employ VBN 39142 3188 8 the the DT 39142 3188 9 60-inch 60-inch CD 39142 3188 10 and and CC 39142 3188 11 the the DT 39142 3188 12 100-inch 100-inch CD 39142 3188 13 reflectors reflector NNS 39142 3188 14 of of IN 39142 3188 15 the the DT 39142 3188 16 Mount Mount NNP 39142 3188 17 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 3188 18 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 3188 19 to to IN 39142 3188 20 good good JJ 39142 3188 21 advantage advantage NN 39142 3188 22 in in IN 39142 3188 23 photographing photograph VBG 39142 3188 24 several several JJ 39142 3188 25 hundred hundred CD 39142 3188 26 of of IN 39142 3188 27 the the DT 39142 3188 28 fainter fainter NN 39142 3188 29 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3188 30 . . . 39142 3189 1 Many many JJ 39142 3189 2 of of IN 39142 3189 3 these these DT 39142 3189 4 are be VBP 39142 3189 5 spirals spiral NNS 39142 3189 6 , , , 39142 3189 7 and and CC 39142 3189 8 others other NNS 39142 3189 9 present present VBP 39142 3189 10 very very RB 39142 3189 11 intricate intricate JJ 39142 3189 12 and and CC 39142 3189 13 irregular irregular JJ 39142 3189 14 forms form NNS 39142 3189 15 . . . 39142 3190 1 A a DT 39142 3190 2 search search NN 39142 3190 3 was be VBD 39142 3190 4 made make VBN 39142 3190 5 for for IN 39142 3190 6 additional additional JJ 39142 3190 7 spirals spiral NNS 39142 3190 8 among among IN 39142 3190 9 the the DT 39142 3190 10 smaller small JJR 39142 3190 11 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3190 12 along along IN 39142 3190 13 the the DT 39142 3190 14 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 3190 15 , , , 39142 3190 16 but but CC 39142 3190 17 without without IN 39142 3190 18 success success NN 39142 3190 19 . . . 39142 3191 1 Several several JJ 39142 3191 2 of of IN 39142 3191 3 the the DT 39142 3191 4 supposedly supposedly RB 39142 3191 5 variable variable JJ 39142 3191 6 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3191 7 are be VBP 39142 3191 8 found find VBN 39142 3191 9 to to TO 39142 3191 10 be be VB 39142 3191 11 unchanging unchanging JJ 39142 3191 12 . . . 39142 3192 1 Many many JJ 39142 3192 2 nights night NNS 39142 3192 3 in in IN 39142 3192 4 each each DT 39142 3192 5 month month NN 39142 3192 6 when when WRB 39142 3192 7 the the DT 39142 3192 8 moon moon NN 39142 3192 9 is be VBZ 39142 3192 10 absent absent JJ 39142 3192 11 are be VBP 39142 3192 12 devoted devoted JJ 39142 3192 13 to to IN 39142 3192 14 a a DT 39142 3192 15 systematic systematic JJ 39142 3192 16 survey survey NN 39142 3192 17 of of IN 39142 3192 18 the the DT 39142 3192 19 smaller small JJR 39142 3192 20 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3192 21 and and CC 39142 3192 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3192 23 spectra spectra NN 39142 3192 24 by by IN 39142 3192 25 photography photography NN 39142 3192 26 . . . 39142 3193 1 The the DT 39142 3193 2 visible visible JJ 39142 3193 3 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3193 4 figure figure NN 39142 3193 5 of of IN 39142 3193 6 all all PDT 39142 3193 7 these these DT 39142 3193 8 objects object NNS 39142 3193 9 is be VBZ 39142 3193 10 a a DT 39142 3193 11 double double JJ 39142 3193 12 - - HYPH 39142 3193 13 branched branched JJ 39142 3193 14 curve curve NN 39142 3193 15 , , , 39142 3193 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3193 17 two two CD 39142 3193 18 arms arm NNS 39142 3193 19 joining join VBG 39142 3193 20 on on IN 39142 3193 21 the the DT 39142 3193 22 nucleus nucleus NN 39142 3193 23 in in IN 39142 3193 24 opposing oppose VBG 39142 3193 25 points point NNS 39142 3193 26 , , , 39142 3193 27 and and CC 39142 3193 28 coiling coil VBG 39142 3193 29 round round NN 39142 3193 30 in in IN 39142 3193 31 the the DT 39142 3193 32 same same JJ 39142 3193 33 geometrical geometrical JJ 39142 3193 34 direction direction NN 39142 3193 35 . . . 39142 3194 1 The the DT 39142 3194 2 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3194 3 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3194 4 , , , 39142 3194 5 as as IN 39142 3194 6 to to IN 39142 3194 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3194 8 distribution distribution NN 39142 3194 9 , , , 39142 3194 10 are be VBP 39142 3194 11 remote remote JJ 39142 3194 12 from from IN 39142 3194 13 the the DT 39142 3194 14 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 3194 15 , , , 39142 3194 16 and and CC 39142 3194 17 the the DT 39142 3194 18 north north JJ 39142 3194 19 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 3194 20 polar polar JJ 39142 3194 21 region region NN 39142 3194 22 contains contain VBZ 39142 3194 23 a a DT 39142 3194 24 greater great JJR 39142 3194 25 aggregation aggregation NN 39142 3194 26 than than IN 39142 3194 27 the the DT 39142 3194 28 south south NN 39142 3194 29 . . . 39142 3195 1 The the DT 39142 3195 2 distances distance NNS 39142 3195 3 of of IN 39142 3195 4 the the DT 39142 3195 5 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3195 6 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3195 7 are be VBP 39142 3195 8 exceedingly exceedingly RB 39142 3195 9 great great JJ 39142 3195 10 . . . 39142 3196 1 They -PRON- PRP 39142 3196 2 lie lie VBP 39142 3196 3 far far RB 39142 3196 4 beyond beyond IN 39142 3196 5 the the DT 39142 3196 6 planetary planetary NN 39142 3196 7 and and CC 39142 3196 8 irregular irregular JJ 39142 3196 9 gaseous gaseous JJ 39142 3196 10 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3196 11 , , , 39142 3196 12 like like IN 39142 3196 13 that that DT 39142 3196 14 of of IN 39142 3196 15 Orion Orion NNP 39142 3196 16 , , , 39142 3196 17 which which WDT 39142 3196 18 are be VBP 39142 3196 19 closely closely RB 39142 3196 20 related related JJ 39142 3196 21 to to IN 39142 3196 22 the the DT 39142 3196 23 stars star NNS 39142 3196 24 forming form VBG 39142 3196 25 part part NN 39142 3196 26 of of IN 39142 3196 27 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3196 28 own own JJ 39142 3196 29 system system NN 39142 3196 30 . . . 39142 3197 1 Possibly possibly RB 39142 3197 2 the the DT 39142 3197 3 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3197 4 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3197 5 are be VBP 39142 3197 6 exterior exterior JJ 39142 3197 7 or or CC 39142 3197 8 separate separate JJ 39142 3197 9 " " '' 39142 3197 10 island island NN 39142 3197 11 universes universe NNS 39142 3197 12 . . . 39142 3197 13 " " '' 39142 3198 1 If if IN 39142 3198 2 so so RB 39142 3198 3 , , , 39142 3198 4 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3198 5 must must MD 39142 3198 6 be be VB 39142 3198 7 inconceivably inconceivably RB 39142 3198 8 vast vast JJ 39142 3198 9 in in IN 39142 3198 10 size size NN 39142 3198 11 , , , 39142 3198 12 and and CC 39142 3198 13 would would MD 39142 3198 14 develop develop VB 39142 3198 15 , , , 39142 3198 16 not not RB 39142 3198 17 into into IN 39142 3198 18 solar solar JJ 39142 3198 19 systems system NNS 39142 3198 20 , , , 39142 3198 21 but but CC 39142 3198 22 into into IN 39142 3198 23 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3198 24 clusters cluster NNS 39142 3198 25 . . . 39142 3199 1 The the DT 39142 3199 2 enormous enormous JJ 39142 3199 3 radial radial JJ 39142 3199 4 velocities velocity NNS 39142 3199 5 of of IN 39142 3199 6 the the DT 39142 3199 7 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3199 8 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3199 9 , , , 39142 3199 10 averaging average VBG 39142 3199 11 300 300 CD 39142 3199 12 to to TO 39142 3199 13 400 400 CD 39142 3199 14 kilometers kilometer NNS 39142 3199 15 per per IN 39142 3199 16 second second NN 39142 3199 17 , , , 39142 3199 18 or or CC 39142 3199 19 twenty twenty RB 39142 3199 20 - - RB 39142 3199 21 fold fold RB 39142 3199 22 that that DT 39142 3199 23 of of IN 39142 3199 24 the the DT 39142 3199 25 stars star NNS 39142 3199 26 , , , 39142 3199 27 tend tend VBP 39142 3199 28 to to TO 39142 3199 29 sustain sustain VB 39142 3199 30 the the DT 39142 3199 31 view view NN 39142 3199 32 that that IN 39142 3199 33 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3199 34 may may MD 39142 3199 35 be be VB 39142 3199 36 " " `` 39142 3199 37 island island NN 39142 3199 38 universes universe NNS 39142 3199 39 , , , 39142 3199 40 " " '' 39142 3199 41 each each DT 39142 3199 42 comparable comparable JJ 39142 3199 43 in in IN 39142 3199 44 extent extent NN 39142 3199 45 with with IN 39142 3199 46 the the DT 39142 3199 47 universe universe NN 39142 3199 48 of of IN 39142 3199 49 stars star NNS 39142 3199 50 to to TO 39142 3199 51 which which WDT 39142 3199 52 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3199 53 sun sun NN 39142 3199 54 belongs belong VBZ 39142 3199 55 . . . 39142 3200 1 Recent recent JJ 39142 3200 2 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 3200 3 observations observation NNS 39142 3200 4 of of IN 39142 3200 5 the the DT 39142 3200 6 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3200 7 applying apply VBG 39142 3200 8 the the DT 39142 3200 9 principle principle NN 39142 3200 10 of of IN 39142 3200 11 Doppler Doppler NNP 39142 3200 12 have have VBP 39142 3200 13 revealed reveal VBN 39142 3200 14 high high JJ 39142 3200 15 velocities velocity NNS 39142 3200 16 of of IN 39142 3200 17 rotation rotation NN 39142 3200 18 . . . 39142 3201 1 Slipher Slipher NNP 39142 3201 2 of of IN 39142 3201 3 the the DT 39142 3201 4 Lowell Lowell NNP 39142 3201 5 Observatory Observatory NNP 39142 3201 6 made make VBD 39142 3201 7 the the DT 39142 3201 8 first first JJ 39142 3201 9 discovery discovery NN 39142 3201 10 of of IN 39142 3201 11 this this DT 39142 3201 12 sort sort NN 39142 3201 13 and and CC 39142 3201 14 Van Van NNP 39142 3201 15 Maanen Maanen NNP 39142 3201 16 of of IN 39142 3201 17 Mount Mount NNP 39142 3201 18 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 3201 19 has have VBZ 39142 3201 20 detected detect VBN 39142 3201 21 in in IN 39142 3201 22 the the DT 39142 3201 23 great great JJ 39142 3201 24 Ursa Ursa NNP 39142 3201 25 Major Major NNP 39142 3201 26 spiral spiral NN 39142 3201 27 , , , 39142 3201 28 No no UH 39142 3201 29 . . . 39142 3202 1 101 101 CD 39142 3202 2 in in IN 39142 3202 3 Messier Messier NNP 39142 3202 4 's 's POS 39142 3202 5 catalogue catalogue NN 39142 3202 6 , , , 39142 3202 7 a a DT 39142 3202 8 speed speed NN 39142 3202 9 of of IN 39142 3202 10 rotation rotation NN 39142 3202 11 at at IN 39142 3202 12 five five CD 39142 3202 13 minutes minute NNS 39142 3202 14 of of IN 39142 3202 15 arc arc NN 39142 3202 16 from from IN 39142 3202 17 the the DT 39142 3202 18 center center NN 39142 3202 19 that that WDT 39142 3202 20 would would MD 39142 3202 21 correspond correspond VB 39142 3202 22 to to IN 39142 3202 23 a a DT 39142 3202 24 complete complete JJ 39142 3202 25 period period NN 39142 3202 26 in in IN 39142 3202 27 85,000 85,000 CD 39142 3202 28 years year NNS 39142 3202 29 . . . 39142 3203 1 As as IN 39142 3203 2 was be VBD 39142 3203 3 to to TO 39142 3203 4 be be VB 39142 3203 5 expected expect VBN 39142 3203 6 , , , 39142 3203 7 the the DT 39142 3203 8 nebula nebula NN 39142 3203 9 does do VBZ 39142 3203 10 not not RB 39142 3203 11 rotate rotate VB 39142 3203 12 as as IN 39142 3203 13 a a DT 39142 3203 14 rigid rigid JJ 39142 3203 15 body body NN 39142 3203 16 , , , 39142 3203 17 but but CC 39142 3203 18 the the DT 39142 3203 19 nearer nearer NN 39142 3203 20 the the DT 39142 3203 21 center center NN 39142 3203 22 the the DT 39142 3203 23 greater great JJR 39142 3203 24 the the DT 39142 3203 25 angular angular JJ 39142 3203 26 velocity velocity NN 39142 3203 27 , , , 39142 3203 28 and and CC 39142 3203 29 Van Van NNP 39142 3203 30 Maanen Maanen NNP 39142 3203 31 finds find VBZ 39142 3203 32 evidence evidence NN 39142 3203 33 of of IN 39142 3203 34 motion motion NN 39142 3203 35 along along IN 39142 3203 36 the the DT 39142 3203 37 arms arm NNS 39142 3203 38 and and CC 39142 3203 39 away away RB 39142 3203 40 from from IN 39142 3203 41 the the DT 39142 3203 42 center center NN 39142 3203 43 . . . 39142 3204 1 These these DT 39142 3204 2 great great JJ 39142 3204 3 velocities velocity NNS 39142 3204 4 appear appear VBP 39142 3204 5 to to TO 39142 3204 6 belong belong VB 39142 3204 7 to to IN 39142 3204 8 the the DT 39142 3204 9 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3204 10 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3204 11 as as IN 39142 3204 12 a a DT 39142 3204 13 class class NN 39142 3204 14 , , , 39142 3204 15 and and CC 39142 3204 16 not not RB 39142 3204 17 to to IN 39142 3204 18 other other JJ 39142 3204 19 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3204 20 . . . 39142 3205 1 Thirteen thirteen CD 39142 3205 2 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3205 3 investigated investigate VBN 39142 3205 4 by by IN 39142 3205 5 Keeler Keeler NNP 39142 3205 6 are be VBP 39142 3205 7 as as IN 39142 3205 8 a a DT 39142 3205 9 whole whole NN 39142 3205 10 almost almost RB 39142 3205 11 at at IN 39142 3205 12 rest rest NN 39142 3205 13 relatively relatively RB 39142 3205 14 to to IN 39142 3205 15 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3205 16 system system NN 39142 3205 17 , , , 39142 3205 18 as as IN 39142 3205 19 are be VBP 39142 3205 20 the the DT 39142 3205 21 large large JJ 39142 3205 22 irregular irregular JJ 39142 3205 23 objects object NNS 39142 3205 24 in in IN 39142 3205 25 Orion Orion NNP 39142 3205 26 , , , 39142 3205 27 and and CC 39142 3205 28 the the DT 39142 3205 29 Trifid trifid JJ 39142 3205 30 nebula nebula NN 39142 3205 31 . . . 39142 3206 1 This this DT 39142 3206 2 would would MD 39142 3206 3 seem seem VB 39142 3206 4 to to TO 39142 3206 5 indicate indicate VB 39142 3206 6 that that IN 39142 3206 7 the the DT 39142 3206 8 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3206 9 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3206 10 form form NN 39142 3206 11 systems system NNS 39142 3206 12 outside outside IN 39142 3206 13 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3206 14 own own JJ 39142 3206 15 and and CC 39142 3206 16 independent independent JJ 39142 3206 17 of of IN 39142 3206 18 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3206 19 . . . 39142 3207 1 Quite quite RB 39142 3207 2 different different RB 39142 3207 3 from from IN 39142 3207 4 the the DT 39142 3207 5 spirals spiral NNS 39142 3207 6 in in IN 39142 3207 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3207 8 distribution distribution NN 39142 3207 9 through through IN 39142 3207 10 space space NN 39142 3207 11 are be VBP 39142 3207 12 the the DT 39142 3207 13 planetary planetary JJ 39142 3207 14 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3207 15 . . . 39142 3208 1 The the DT 39142 3208 2 spirals spiral NNS 39142 3208 3 follow follow VBP 39142 3208 4 the the DT 39142 3208 5 early early JJ 39142 3208 6 general general JJ 39142 3208 7 law law NN 39142 3208 8 of of IN 39142 3208 9 nebulæ nebulæ JJ 39142 3208 10 arrangement arrangement NN 39142 3208 11 , , , 39142 3208 12 that that RB 39142 3208 13 is is RB 39142 3208 14 , , , 39142 3208 15 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3208 16 are be VBP 39142 3208 17 concentrated concentrate VBN 39142 3208 18 toward toward IN 39142 3208 19 the the DT 39142 3208 20 poles pole NNS 39142 3208 21 of of IN 39142 3208 22 the the DT 39142 3208 23 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 3208 24 ; ; : 39142 3208 25 but but CC 39142 3208 26 the the DT 39142 3208 27 planetary planetary NN 39142 3208 28 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3208 29 , , , 39142 3208 30 on on IN 39142 3208 31 the the DT 39142 3208 32 other other JJ 39142 3208 33 hand hand NN 39142 3208 34 , , , 39142 3208 35 are be VBP 39142 3208 36 very very RB 39142 3208 37 few few JJ 39142 3208 38 near near IN 39142 3208 39 the the DT 39142 3208 40 poles pole NNS 39142 3208 41 and and CC 39142 3208 42 show show VB 39142 3208 43 a a DT 39142 3208 44 marked marked JJ 39142 3208 45 frequency frequency NN 39142 3208 46 toward toward IN 39142 3208 47 the the DT 39142 3208 48 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 3208 49 plane plane NN 39142 3208 50 . . . 39142 3209 1 Campbell Campbell NNP 39142 3209 2 and and CC 39142 3209 3 Moore Moore NNP 39142 3209 4 have have VBP 39142 3209 5 found find VBN 39142 3209 6 spectroscopic spectroscopic JJ 39142 3209 7 evidence evidence NN 39142 3209 8 of of IN 39142 3209 9 internal internal JJ 39142 3209 10 rotatory rotatory JJ 39142 3209 11 motion motion NN 39142 3209 12 in in IN 39142 3209 13 a a DT 39142 3209 14 large large JJ 39142 3209 15 proportion proportion NN 39142 3209 16 of of IN 39142 3209 17 the the DT 39142 3209 18 planetary planetary NN 39142 3209 19 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3209 20 . . . 39142 3210 1 The the DT 39142 3210 2 distribution distribution NN 39142 3210 3 of of IN 39142 3210 4 the the DT 39142 3210 5 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3210 6 throughout throughout IN 39142 3210 7 space space NN 39142 3210 8 , , , 39142 3210 9 like like IN 39142 3210 10 that that DT 39142 3210 11 of of IN 39142 3210 12 the the DT 39142 3210 13 stars star NNS 39142 3210 14 , , , 39142 3210 15 is be VBZ 39142 3210 16 still still RB 39142 3210 17 under under IN 39142 3210 18 critical critical JJ 39142 3210 19 investigation investigation NN 39142 3210 20 , , , 39142 3210 21 but but CC 39142 3210 22 the the DT 39142 3210 23 location location NN 39142 3210 24 of of IN 39142 3210 25 vast vast JJ 39142 3210 26 numbers number NNS 39142 3210 27 of of IN 39142 3210 28 the the DT 39142 3210 29 more more RBR 39142 3210 30 compact compact JJ 39142 3210 31 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3210 32 on on IN 39142 3210 33 the the DT 39142 3210 34 celestial celestial JJ 39142 3210 35 sphere sphere NN 39142 3210 36 is be VBZ 39142 3210 37 very very RB 39142 3210 38 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 39142 3210 39 . . . 39142 3211 1 The the DT 39142 3211 2 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3211 3 Way Way NNP 39142 3211 4 appears appear VBZ 39142 3211 5 to to TO 39142 3211 6 be be VB 39142 3211 7 the the DT 39142 3211 8 determining determine VBG 39142 3211 9 plane plane NN 39142 3211 10 in in IN 39142 3211 11 both both DT 39142 3211 12 cases case NNS 39142 3211 13 ; ; : 39142 3211 14 the the DT 39142 3211 15 nearer nearer NN 39142 3211 16 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3211 17 approach approach VBP 39142 3211 18 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3211 19 the the DT 39142 3211 20 more more RBR 39142 3211 21 numerous numerous JJ 39142 3211 22 the the DT 39142 3211 23 stars star NNS 39142 3211 24 become become VBP 39142 3211 25 , , , 39142 3211 26 whereas whereas IN 39142 3211 27 this this DT 39142 3211 28 is be VBZ 39142 3211 29 the the DT 39142 3211 30 general general JJ 39142 3211 31 region region NN 39142 3211 32 of of IN 39142 3211 33 fewest few JJS 39142 3211 34 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3211 35 and and CC 39142 3211 36 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3211 37 increase increase VBP 39142 3211 38 in in IN 39142 3211 39 number number NN 39142 3211 40 outward outward RB 39142 3211 41 in in IN 39142 3211 42 both both DT 39142 3211 43 directions direction NNS 39142 3211 44 from from IN 39142 3211 45 the the DT 39142 3211 46 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 3211 47 , , , 39142 3211 48 and and CC 39142 3211 49 toward toward IN 39142 3211 50 both both DT 39142 3211 51 poles pole NNS 39142 3211 52 of of IN 39142 3211 53 the the DT 39142 3211 54 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 3211 55 circle circle NN 39142 3211 56 . . . 39142 3212 1 Obviously obviously RB 39142 3212 2 this this DT 39142 3212 3 relation relation NN 39142 3212 4 , , , 39142 3212 5 or or CC 39142 3212 6 contra contra NNP 39142 3212 7 - - HYPH 39142 3212 8 relation relation NN 39142 3212 9 of of IN 39142 3212 10 stars star NNS 39142 3212 11 and and CC 39142 3212 12 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3212 13 on on IN 39142 3212 14 such such PDT 39142 3212 15 a a DT 39142 3212 16 vast vast JJ 39142 3212 17 scale scale NN 39142 3212 18 is be VBZ 39142 3212 19 not not RB 39142 3212 20 accidental accidental JJ 39142 3212 21 , , , 39142 3212 22 and and CC 39142 3212 23 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3212 24 also also RB 39142 3212 25 must must MD 39142 3212 26 be be VB 39142 3212 27 duly duly RB 39142 3212 28 accounted account VBN 39142 3212 29 for for IN 39142 3212 30 in in IN 39142 3212 31 the the DT 39142 3212 32 true true JJ 39142 3212 33 theory theory NN 39142 3212 34 of of IN 39142 3212 35 the the DT 39142 3212 36 cosmogony cosmogony NN 39142 3212 37 . . . 39142 3213 1 The the DT 39142 3213 2 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3213 3 which which WDT 39142 3213 4 are be VBP 39142 3213 5 found find VBN 39142 3213 6 principally principally RB 39142 3213 7 in in RB 39142 3213 8 and and CC 39142 3213 9 near near IN 39142 3213 10 the the DT 39142 3213 11 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3213 12 Way Way NNP 39142 3213 13 are be VBP 39142 3213 14 the the DT 39142 3213 15 large large JJ 39142 3213 16 irregular irregular JJ 39142 3213 17 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3213 18 , , , 39142 3213 19 and and CC 39142 3213 20 vast vast JJ 39142 3213 21 nebulous nebulous JJ 39142 3213 22 backgrounds background NNS 39142 3213 23 , , , 39142 3213 24 like like IN 39142 3213 25 those those DT 39142 3213 26 photographed photograph VBN 39142 3213 27 by by IN 39142 3213 28 Barnard Barnard NNP 39142 3213 29 in in IN 39142 3213 30 Scorpio Scorpio NNP 39142 3213 31 , , , 39142 3213 32 Taurus Taurus NNP 39142 3213 33 and and CC 39142 3213 34 elsewhere elsewhere RB 39142 3213 35 , , , 39142 3213 36 as as RB 39142 3213 37 well well RB 39142 3213 38 as as IN 39142 3213 39 the the DT 39142 3213 40 Keyhole Keyhole NNP 39142 3213 41 , , , 39142 3213 42 Omega Omega NNP 39142 3213 43 , , , 39142 3213 44 and and CC 39142 3213 45 Trifid Trifid NNP 39142 3213 46 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3213 47 . . . 39142 3214 1 Allied ally VBN 39142 3214 2 to to IN 39142 3214 3 these these DT 39142 3214 4 backgrounds background NNS 39142 3214 5 are be VBP 39142 3214 6 doubtless doubtless RB 39142 3214 7 some some DT 39142 3214 8 of of IN 39142 3214 9 the the DT 39142 3214 10 dark dark JJ 39142 3214 11 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 3214 12 spaces space NNS 39142 3214 13 , , , 39142 3214 14 radiating radiate VBG 39142 3214 15 little little JJ 39142 3214 16 or or CC 39142 3214 17 no no DT 39142 3214 18 intrinsic intrinsic JJ 39142 3214 19 light light NN 39142 3214 20 , , , 39142 3214 21 and and CC 39142 3214 22 absorbing absorb VBG 39142 3214 23 the the DT 39142 3214 24 light light NN 39142 3214 25 of of IN 39142 3214 26 the the DT 39142 3214 27 fainter fainter NN 39142 3214 28 stars star NNS 39142 3214 29 beyond beyond IN 39142 3214 30 them -PRON- PRP 39142 3214 31 . . . 39142 3215 1 A a DT 39142 3215 2 peculiar peculiar JJ 39142 3215 3 veiled veil VBN 39142 3215 4 or or CC 39142 3215 5 tinted tint VBN 39142 3215 6 appearance appearance NN 39142 3215 7 has have VBZ 39142 3215 8 been be VBN 39142 3215 9 remarked remark VBN 39142 3215 10 in in IN 39142 3215 11 some some DT 39142 3215 12 cases case NNS 39142 3215 13 visually visually RB 39142 3215 14 , , , 39142 3215 15 and and CC 39142 3215 16 examination examination NN 39142 3215 17 of of IN 39142 3215 18 the the DT 39142 3215 19 photographs photograph NNS 39142 3215 20 strongly strongly RB 39142 3215 21 confirms confirm VBZ 39142 3215 22 the the DT 39142 3215 23 existence existence NN 39142 3215 24 of of IN 39142 3215 25 absorbing absorb VBG 39142 3215 26 nebulosity nebulosity NN 39142 3215 27 . . . 39142 3216 1 The the DT 39142 3216 2 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3216 3 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3216 4 are be VBP 39142 3216 5 so so RB 39142 3216 6 abundant abundant JJ 39142 3216 7 , , , 39142 3216 8 and and CC 39142 3216 9 so so RB 39142 3216 10 much much JJ 39142 3216 11 attention attention NN 39142 3216 12 is be VBZ 39142 3216 13 now now RB 39142 3216 14 being be VBG 39142 3216 15 given give VBN 39142 3216 16 to to IN 39142 3216 17 them -PRON- PRP 39142 3216 18 , , , 39142 3216 19 both both CC 39142 3216 20 by by IN 39142 3216 21 observers observer NNS 39142 3216 22 and and CC 39142 3216 23 mathematicians mathematician NNS 39142 3216 24 , , , 39142 3216 25 that that IN 39142 3216 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3216 27 precise precise JJ 39142 3216 28 relation relation NN 39142 3216 29 to to IN 39142 3216 30 the the DT 39142 3216 31 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3216 32 systems system NNS 39142 3216 33 must must MD 39142 3216 34 soon soon RB 39142 3216 35 be be VB 39142 3216 36 known know VBN 39142 3216 37 ; ; : 39142 3216 38 that that RB 39142 3216 39 is is RB 39142 3216 40 , , , 39142 3216 41 whether whether IN 39142 3216 42 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3216 43 are be VBP 39142 3216 44 comparatively comparatively RB 39142 3216 45 small small JJ 39142 3216 46 objects object NNS 39142 3216 47 belonging belong VBG 39142 3216 48 to to IN 39142 3216 49 the the DT 39142 3216 50 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3216 51 system system NN 39142 3216 52 , , , 39142 3216 53 or or CC 39142 3216 54 independent independent JJ 39142 3216 55 systems system NNS 39142 3216 56 on on IN 39142 3216 57 the the DT 39142 3216 58 borders border NNS 39142 3216 59 of of IN 39142 3216 60 the the DT 39142 3216 61 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3216 62 system system NN 39142 3216 63 , , , 39142 3216 64 or or CC 39142 3216 65 as as IN 39142 3216 66 seems seem VBZ 39142 3216 67 more more RBR 39142 3216 68 likely likely JJ 39142 3216 69 , , , 39142 3216 70 vast vast JJ 39142 3216 71 and and CC 39142 3216 72 exceedingly exceedingly RB 39142 3216 73 remote remote JJ 39142 3216 74 galaxies galaxy NNS 39142 3216 75 comparable comparable JJ 39142 3216 76 with with IN 39142 3216 77 that that DT 39142 3216 78 of of IN 39142 3216 79 the the DT 39142 3216 80 Milky Milky NNP 39142 3216 81 Way Way NNP 39142 3216 82 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 3216 83 . . . 39142 3217 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3217 2 knowledge knowledge NN 39142 3217 3 of of IN 39142 3217 4 the the DT 39142 3217 5 motions motion NNS 39142 3217 6 of of IN 39142 3217 7 the the DT 39142 3217 8 spirals spiral NNS 39142 3217 9 , , , 39142 3217 10 both both CC 39142 3217 11 radial radial JJ 39142 3217 12 and and CC 39142 3217 13 angular angular JJ 39142 3217 14 , , , 39142 3217 15 is be VBZ 39142 3217 16 increasing increase VBG 39142 3217 17 rapidly rapidly RB 39142 3217 18 , , , 39142 3217 19 and and CC 39142 3217 20 must must MD 39142 3217 21 soon soon RB 39142 3217 22 permit permit VB 39142 3217 23 accurate accurate JJ 39142 3217 24 general general JJ 39142 3217 25 conclusions conclusion NNS 39142 3217 26 to to TO 39142 3217 27 be be VB 39142 3217 28 drawn draw VBN 39142 3217 29 . . . 39142 3218 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39142 3218 2 LX LX NNP 39142 3218 3 COSMOGONY COSMOGONY NNP 39142 3218 4 Down down IN 39142 3218 5 to to IN 39142 3218 6 the the DT 39142 3218 7 middle middle NN 39142 3218 8 of of IN 39142 3218 9 the the DT 39142 3218 10 last last JJ 39142 3218 11 century century NN 39142 3218 12 and and CC 39142 3218 13 later later RB 39142 3218 14 , , , 39142 3218 15 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3218 16 was be VBD 39142 3218 17 commonly commonly RB 39142 3218 18 believed believe VBN 39142 3218 19 that that IN 39142 3218 20 in in IN 39142 3218 21 the the DT 39142 3218 22 beginning beginning NN 39142 3218 23 the the DT 39142 3218 24 cosmos cosmo NNS 39142 3218 25 came come VBD 39142 3218 26 into into IN 39142 3218 27 being being NN 39142 3218 28 by by IN 39142 3218 29 divine divine JJ 39142 3218 30 fiat fiat NNP 39142 3218 31 substantially substantially RB 39142 3218 32 as as IN 39142 3218 33 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3218 34 is be VBZ 39142 3218 35 . . . 39142 3219 1 Previously previously RB 39142 3219 2 the the DT 39142 3219 3 earth earth NN 39142 3219 4 had have VBD 39142 3219 5 been be VBN 39142 3219 6 " " `` 39142 3219 7 without without IN 39142 3219 8 form form NN 39142 3219 9 and and CC 39142 3219 10 void void JJ 39142 3219 11 , , , 39142 3219 12 " " '' 39142 3219 13 as as IN 39142 3219 14 in in IN 39142 3219 15 the the DT 39142 3219 16 Scripture scripture NN 39142 3219 17 . . . 39142 3220 1 Had have VBD 39142 3220 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3220 3 not not RB 39142 3220 4 been be VBN 39142 3220 5 for for IN 39142 3220 6 the the DT 39142 3220 7 growth growth NN 39142 3220 8 and and CC 39142 3220 9 gradual gradual JJ 39142 3220 10 acceptance acceptance NN 39142 3220 11 of of IN 39142 3220 12 the the DT 39142 3220 13 doctrine doctrine NN 39142 3220 14 of of IN 39142 3220 15 evolution evolution NN 39142 3220 16 , , , 39142 3220 17 and and CC 39142 3220 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3220 19 reactionary reactionary JJ 39142 3220 20 effect effect NN 39142 3220 21 upon upon IN 39142 3220 22 human human JJ 39142 3220 23 thought thought NN 39142 3220 24 , , , 39142 3220 25 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3220 26 is be VBZ 39142 3220 27 conceivable conceivable JJ 39142 3220 28 that that IN 39142 3220 29 the the DT 39142 3220 30 early early JJ 39142 3220 31 view view NN 39142 3220 32 might may MD 39142 3220 33 have have VB 39142 3220 34 persisted persist VBN 39142 3220 35 to to IN 39142 3220 36 the the DT 39142 3220 37 present present JJ 39142 3220 38 day day NN 39142 3220 39 ; ; : 39142 3220 40 but but CC 39142 3220 41 now now RB 39142 3220 42 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3220 43 is be VBZ 39142 3220 44 universally universally RB 39142 3220 45 held hold VBN 39142 3220 46 that that IN 39142 3220 47 everything everything NN 39142 3220 48 in in IN 39142 3220 49 the the DT 39142 3220 50 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 3220 51 above above IN 39142 3220 52 and and CC 39142 3220 53 the the DT 39142 3220 54 earth earth NN 39142 3220 55 beneath beneath RB 39142 3220 56 is be VBZ 39142 3220 57 subject subject JJ 39142 3220 58 more more RBR 39142 3220 59 or or CC 39142 3220 60 less less RBR 39142 3220 61 to to IN 39142 3220 62 secular secular JJ 39142 3220 63 change change NN 39142 3220 64 , , , 39142 3220 65 and and CC 39142 3220 66 is be VBZ 39142 3220 67 the the DT 39142 3220 68 result result NN 39142 3220 69 of of IN 39142 3220 70 an an DT 39142 3220 71 orderly orderly JJ 39142 3220 72 development development NN 39142 3220 73 throughout throughout IN 39142 3220 74 indefinite indefinite JJ 39142 3220 75 past past JJ 39142 3220 76 ages age NNS 39142 3220 77 , , , 39142 3220 78 a a DT 39142 3220 79 progressive progressive JJ 39142 3220 80 evolution evolution NN 39142 3220 81 which which WDT 39142 3220 82 will will MD 39142 3220 83 continue continue VB 39142 3220 84 through through IN 39142 3220 85 indefinite indefinite JJ 39142 3220 86 aeons aeon NNS 39142 3220 87 of of IN 39142 3220 88 the the DT 39142 3220 89 future future NN 39142 3220 90 . . . 39142 3221 1 In in IN 39142 3221 2 the the DT 39142 3221 3 writings writing NNS 39142 3221 4 of of IN 39142 3221 5 the the DT 39142 3221 6 Greek greek JJ 39142 3221 7 philosophers philosopher NNS 39142 3221 8 , , , 39142 3221 9 and and CC 39142 3221 10 down down RB 39142 3221 11 through through IN 39142 3221 12 the the DT 39142 3221 13 Middle Middle NNP 39142 3221 14 Ages Ages NNPS 39142 3221 15 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3221 16 find find VBP 39142 3221 17 the the DT 39142 3221 18 idea idea NN 39142 3221 19 of of IN 39142 3221 20 an an DT 39142 3221 21 original original JJ 39142 3221 22 " " `` 39142 3221 23 chaos chaos NN 39142 3221 24 " " '' 39142 3221 25 prevailing prevailing NN 39142 3221 26 , , , 39142 3221 27 with with IN 39142 3221 28 no no DT 39142 3221 29 indication indication NN 39142 3221 30 whatever whatever WDT 39142 3221 31 of of IN 39142 3221 32 the the DT 39142 3221 33 modern modern JJ 39142 3221 34 view view NN 39142 3221 35 of of IN 39142 3221 36 the the DT 39142 3221 37 process process NN 39142 3221 38 by by IN 39142 3221 39 which which WDT 39142 3221 40 the the DT 39142 3221 41 cosmos cosmo NNS 39142 3221 42 came come VBD 39142 3221 43 to to TO 39142 3221 44 be be VB 39142 3221 45 what what WP 39142 3221 46 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3221 47 saw see VBD 39142 3221 48 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3221 49 and and CC 39142 3221 50 as as IN 39142 3221 51 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3221 52 is be VBZ 39142 3221 53 to to IN 39142 3221 54 - - HYPH 39142 3221 55 day day NN 39142 3221 56 . . . 39142 3222 1 If if IN 39142 3222 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3222 3 go go VBP 39142 3222 4 still still RB 39142 3222 5 farther far RBR 39142 3222 6 back back RB 39142 3222 7 , , , 39142 3222 8 there there EX 39142 3222 9 is be VBZ 39142 3222 10 no no DT 39142 3222 11 glimmer glimmer NN 39142 3222 12 of of IN 39142 3222 13 any any DT 39142 3222 14 ideas idea NNS 39142 3222 15 that that WDT 39142 3222 16 will will MD 39142 3222 17 bear bear VB 39142 3222 18 investigation investigation NN 39142 3222 19 by by IN 39142 3222 20 scientific scientific JJ 39142 3222 21 method method NN 39142 3222 22 , , , 39142 3222 23 however however RB 39142 3222 24 interesting interesting JJ 39142 3222 25 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3222 26 may may MD 39142 3222 27 be be VB 39142 3222 28 as as RB 39142 3222 29 purely purely RB 39142 3222 30 philosophical philosophical JJ 39142 3222 31 conceptions conception NNS 39142 3222 32 . . . 39142 3223 1 Many many JJ 39142 3223 2 ancient ancient JJ 39142 3223 3 philosophers philosopher NNS 39142 3223 4 , , , 39142 3223 5 among among IN 39142 3223 6 them -PRON- PRP 39142 3223 7 Anaxagoras Anaxagoras NNPS 39142 3223 8 , , , 39142 3223 9 Democritus Democritus NNP 39142 3223 10 , , , 39142 3223 11 and and CC 39142 3223 12 Anaximenes Anaximenes NNP 39142 3223 13 , , , 39142 3223 14 regarded regard VBD 39142 3223 15 the the DT 39142 3223 16 earth earth NN 39142 3223 17 as as IN 39142 3223 18 the the DT 39142 3223 19 product product NN 39142 3223 20 of of IN 39142 3223 21 diffused diffused JJ 39142 3223 22 matter matter NN 39142 3223 23 in in IN 39142 3223 24 a a DT 39142 3223 25 state state NN 39142 3223 26 of of IN 39142 3223 27 the the DT 39142 3223 28 original original JJ 39142 3223 29 chaos chaos NN 39142 3223 30 having have VBG 39142 3223 31 fallen fall VBN 39142 3223 32 together together RB 39142 3223 33 haphazard haphazard RB 39142 3223 34 , , , 39142 3223 35 and and CC 39142 3223 36 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3223 37 even even RB 39142 3223 38 presumed presume VBD 39142 3223 39 to to TO 39142 3223 40 predict predict VB 39142 3223 41 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3223 42 future future JJ 39142 3223 43 career career NN 39142 3223 44 and and CC 39142 3223 45 ultimate ultimate JJ 39142 3223 46 destiny destiny NN 39142 3223 47 . . . 39142 3224 1 In in IN 39142 3224 2 Anaximander Anaximander NNP 39142 3224 3 and and CC 39142 3224 4 Anaximenes Anaximenes NNPS 39142 3224 5 alone alone RB 39142 3224 6 do do VBP 39142 3224 7 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3224 8 find find VB 39142 3224 9 any any DT 39142 3224 10 conception conception NN 39142 3224 11 of of IN 39142 3224 12 possible possible JJ 39142 3224 13 progress progress NN 39142 3224 14 ; ; : 39142 3224 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3224 16 thought thought NN 39142 3224 17 was be VBD 39142 3224 18 that that IN 39142 3224 19 as as IN 39142 3224 20 the the DT 39142 3224 21 world world NN 39142 3224 22 had have VBD 39142 3224 23 taken take VBN 39142 3224 24 time time NN 39142 3224 25 to to TO 39142 3224 26 become become VB 39142 3224 27 what what WP 39142 3224 28 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3224 29 is be VBZ 39142 3224 30 , , , 39142 3224 31 so so RB 39142 3224 32 in in IN 39142 3224 33 time time NN 39142 3224 34 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3224 35 would would MD 39142 3224 36 pass pass VB 39142 3224 37 , , , 39142 3224 38 and and CC 39142 3224 39 as as IN 39142 3224 40 the the DT 39142 3224 41 entire entire JJ 39142 3224 42 universe universe NN 39142 3224 43 had have VBD 39142 3224 44 undergone undergo VBN 39142 3224 45 alternate alternate JJ 39142 3224 46 renewal renewal NN 39142 3224 47 and and CC 39142 3224 48 destruction destruction NN 39142 3224 49 in in IN 39142 3224 50 the the DT 39142 3224 51 past past NN 39142 3224 52 , , , 39142 3224 53 that that WDT 39142 3224 54 would would MD 39142 3224 55 be be VB 39142 3224 56 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3224 57 history history NN 39142 3224 58 in in IN 39142 3224 59 the the DT 39142 3224 60 future future NN 39142 3224 61 . . . 39142 3225 1 Aristotle Aristotle NNP 39142 3225 2 , , , 39142 3225 3 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 39142 3225 4 , , , 39142 3225 5 and and CC 39142 3225 6 others other NNS 39142 3225 7 appear appear VBP 39142 3225 8 to to TO 39142 3225 9 have have VB 39142 3225 10 held hold VBN 39142 3225 11 the the DT 39142 3225 12 curious curious JJ 39142 3225 13 notion notion NN 39142 3225 14 that that IN 39142 3225 15 although although IN 39142 3225 16 everything everything NN 39142 3225 17 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 39142 3225 18 is be VBZ 39142 3225 19 evanescent evanescent JJ 39142 3225 20 , , , 39142 3225 21 nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 3225 22 the the DT 39142 3225 23 cosmos cosmo NNS 39142 3225 24 beyond beyond IN 39142 3225 25 the the DT 39142 3225 26 orbit orbit NN 39142 3225 27 of of IN 39142 3225 28 the the DT 39142 3225 29 moon moon NN 39142 3225 30 is be VBZ 39142 3225 31 imperishable imperishable JJ 39142 3225 32 and and CC 39142 3225 33 eternal eternal JJ 39142 3225 34 . . . 39142 3226 1 By by IN 39142 3226 2 tracing trace VBG 39142 3226 3 the the DT 39142 3226 4 history history NN 39142 3226 5 of of IN 39142 3226 6 the the DT 39142 3226 7 intellectual intellectual JJ 39142 3226 8 development development NN 39142 3226 9 of of IN 39142 3226 10 Europe Europe NNP 39142 3226 11 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3226 12 may may MD 39142 3226 13 find find VB 39142 3226 14 why why WRB 39142 3226 15 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3226 16 was be VBD 39142 3226 17 that that DT 39142 3226 18 scientific scientific JJ 39142 3226 19 speculation speculation NN 39142 3226 20 on on IN 39142 3226 21 the the DT 39142 3226 22 cosmogony cosmogony NN 39142 3226 23 was be VBD 39142 3226 24 delayed delay VBN 39142 3226 25 until until IN 39142 3226 26 the the DT 39142 3226 27 18th 18th JJ 39142 3226 28 century century NN 39142 3226 29 , , , 39142 3226 30 and and CC 39142 3226 31 then then RB 39142 3226 32 undertaken undertake VBN 39142 3226 33 quite quite RB 39142 3226 34 independently independently RB 39142 3226 35 by by IN 39142 3226 36 three three CD 39142 3226 37 philosophers philosopher NNS 39142 3226 38 in in IN 39142 3226 39 three three CD 39142 3226 40 different different JJ 39142 3226 41 countries country NNS 39142 3226 42 . . . 39142 3227 1 Swedenborg Swedenborg NNP 39142 3227 2 , , , 39142 3227 3 the the DT 39142 3227 4 theologian theologian NN 39142 3227 5 , , , 39142 3227 6 set set VBN 39142 3227 7 down down RP 39142 3227 8 in in IN 39142 3227 9 due due JJ 39142 3227 10 form form NN 39142 3227 11 many many JJ 39142 3227 12 of of IN 39142 3227 13 the the DT 39142 3227 14 principles principle NNS 39142 3227 15 that that WDT 39142 3227 16 underlie underlie VBP 39142 3227 17 the the DT 39142 3227 18 modern modern JJ 39142 3227 19 nebular nebular JJ 39142 3227 20 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 3227 21 . . . 39142 3228 1 Thomas Thomas NNP 39142 3228 2 Wright Wright NNP 39142 3228 3 of of IN 39142 3228 4 Durham Durham NNP 39142 3228 5 whose whose WP$ 39142 3228 6 early early JJ 39142 3228 7 theory theory NN 39142 3228 8 of of IN 39142 3228 9 the the DT 39142 3228 10 arrangement arrangement NN 39142 3228 11 of of IN 39142 3228 12 stars star NNS 39142 3228 13 in in IN 39142 3228 14 the the DT 39142 3228 15 Galaxy Galaxy NNP 39142 3228 16 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3228 17 have have VBP 39142 3228 18 already already RB 39142 3228 19 mentioned mention VBN 39142 3228 20 , , , 39142 3228 21 speculated speculate VBN 39142 3228 22 also also RB 39142 3228 23 on on IN 39142 3228 24 the the DT 39142 3228 25 origin origin NN 39142 3228 26 and and CC 39142 3228 27 development development NN 39142 3228 28 of of IN 39142 3228 29 the the DT 39142 3228 30 universe universe NN 39142 3228 31 , , , 39142 3228 32 and and CC 39142 3228 33 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3228 34 writings writing NNS 39142 3228 35 were be VBD 39142 3228 36 known know VBN 39142 3228 37 to to IN 39142 3228 38 Kant Kant NNP 39142 3228 39 , , , 39142 3228 40 who who WP 39142 3228 41 is be VBZ 39142 3228 42 now now RB 39142 3228 43 regarded regard VBN 39142 3228 44 as as IN 39142 3228 45 the the DT 39142 3228 46 author author NN 39142 3228 47 of of IN 39142 3228 48 the the DT 39142 3228 49 modern modern JJ 39142 3228 50 nebular nebular JJ 39142 3228 51 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 3228 52 . . . 39142 3229 1 This this DT 39142 3229 2 presents present VBZ 39142 3229 3 a a DT 39142 3229 4 definite definite JJ 39142 3229 5 mechanical mechanical JJ 39142 3229 6 explanation explanation NN 39142 3229 7 of of IN 39142 3229 8 the the DT 39142 3229 9 development development NN 39142 3229 10 and and CC 39142 3229 11 formation formation NN 39142 3229 12 of of IN 39142 3229 13 the the DT 39142 3229 14 heavenly heavenly JJ 39142 3229 15 bodies body NNS 39142 3229 16 , , , 39142 3229 17 and and CC 39142 3229 18 in in IN 39142 3229 19 particular particular JJ 39142 3229 20 those those DT 39142 3229 21 composing compose VBG 39142 3229 22 the the DT 39142 3229 23 solar solar JJ 39142 3229 24 system system NN 39142 3229 25 . . . 39142 3230 1 Kant Kant NNP 39142 3230 2 was be VBD 39142 3230 3 illustrious illustrious JJ 39142 3230 4 as as IN 39142 3230 5 a a DT 39142 3230 6 metaphysician metaphysician NN 39142 3230 7 , , , 39142 3230 8 but but CC 39142 3230 9 he -PRON- PRP 39142 3230 10 was be VBD 39142 3230 11 a a DT 39142 3230 12 great great JJ 39142 3230 13 physicist physicist NN 39142 3230 14 or or CC 39142 3230 15 natural natural JJ 39142 3230 16 philosopher philosopher NN 39142 3230 17 as as RB 39142 3230 18 well well RB 39142 3230 19 , , , 39142 3230 20 and and CC 39142 3230 21 he -PRON- PRP 39142 3230 22 set set VBD 39142 3230 23 down down RP 39142 3230 24 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3230 25 ideas idea NNS 39142 3230 26 regarding regard VBG 39142 3230 27 the the DT 39142 3230 28 cosmogony cosmogony NN 39142 3230 29 with with IN 39142 3230 30 precision precision NN 39142 3230 31 . . . 39142 3231 1 Learned learn VBN 39142 3231 2 in in IN 39142 3231 3 the the DT 39142 3231 4 philosophy philosophy NN 39142 3231 5 of of IN 39142 3231 6 the the DT 39142 3231 7 ancients ancient NNS 39142 3231 8 , , , 39142 3231 9 he -PRON- PRP 39142 3231 10 did do VBD 39142 3231 11 not not RB 39142 3231 12 follow follow VB 39142 3231 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3231 14 speculative speculative JJ 39142 3231 15 conceptions conception NNS 39142 3231 16 , , , 39142 3231 17 but but CC 39142 3231 18 merely merely RB 39142 3231 19 assumed assume VBD 39142 3231 20 that that IN 39142 3231 21 all all PDT 39142 3231 22 the the DT 39142 3231 23 materials material NNS 39142 3231 24 from from IN 39142 3231 25 which which WDT 39142 3231 26 the the DT 39142 3231 27 bodies body NNS 39142 3231 28 of of IN 39142 3231 29 the the DT 39142 3231 30 solar solar JJ 39142 3231 31 system system NN 39142 3231 32 have have VBP 39142 3231 33 been be VBN 39142 3231 34 fashioned fashion VBN 39142 3231 35 were be VBD 39142 3231 36 resolved resolve VBN 39142 3231 37 into into IN 39142 3231 38 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3231 39 original original JJ 39142 3231 40 elements element NNS 39142 3231 41 at at IN 39142 3231 42 the the DT 39142 3231 43 beginning beginning NN 39142 3231 44 , , , 39142 3231 45 and and CC 39142 3231 46 filled fill VBD 39142 3231 47 all all PDT 39142 3231 48 that that DT 39142 3231 49 part part NN 39142 3231 50 of of IN 39142 3231 51 space space NN 39142 3231 52 in in IN 39142 3231 53 which which WDT 39142 3231 54 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3231 55 now now RB 39142 3231 56 move move VBP 39142 3231 57 . . . 39142 3232 1 True true JJ 39142 3232 2 , , , 39142 3232 3 this this DT 39142 3232 4 is be VBZ 39142 3232 5 pretty pretty RB 39142 3232 6 near near IN 39142 3232 7 the the DT 39142 3232 8 chaos chaos NN 39142 3232 9 of of IN 39142 3232 10 the the DT 39142 3232 11 Greeks Greeks NNPS 39142 3232 12 , , , 39142 3232 13 but but CC 39142 3232 14 Kant Kant NNP 39142 3232 15 knew know VBD 39142 3232 16 of of IN 39142 3232 17 the the DT 39142 3232 18 operation operation NN 39142 3232 19 of of IN 39142 3232 20 the the DT 39142 3232 21 Newtonian newtonian JJ 39142 3232 22 law law NN 39142 3232 23 of of IN 39142 3232 24 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 3232 25 , , , 39142 3232 26 which which WDT 39142 3232 27 the the DT 39142 3232 28 Greeks Greeks NNPS 39142 3232 29 did do VBD 39142 3232 30 not not RB 39142 3232 31 . . . 39142 3233 1 As as IN 39142 3233 2 a a DT 39142 3233 3 natural natural JJ 39142 3233 4 result result NN 39142 3233 5 of of IN 39142 3233 6 gravitative gravitative JJ 39142 3233 7 processes process NNS 39142 3233 8 , , , 39142 3233 9 Kant Kant NNP 39142 3233 10 inferred infer VBD 39142 3233 11 that that IN 39142 3233 12 the the DT 39142 3233 13 denser denser NN 39142 3233 14 portions portion NNS 39142 3233 15 of of IN 39142 3233 16 the the DT 39142 3233 17 original original JJ 39142 3233 18 mass mass NN 39142 3233 19 would would MD 39142 3233 20 draw draw VB 39142 3233 21 upon upon IN 39142 3233 22 themselves -PRON- PRP 39142 3233 23 the the DT 39142 3233 24 less less RBR 39142 3233 25 dense dense JJ 39142 3233 26 portions portion NNS 39142 3233 27 , , , 39142 3233 28 whirling whirl VBG 39142 3233 29 motions motion NNS 39142 3233 30 would would MD 39142 3233 31 be be VB 39142 3233 32 everywhere everywhere RB 39142 3233 33 set set VBN 39142 3233 34 up up RP 39142 3233 35 , , , 39142 3233 36 and and CC 39142 3233 37 the the DT 39142 3233 38 process process NN 39142 3233 39 would would MD 39142 3233 40 continue continue VB 39142 3233 41 until until IN 39142 3233 42 many many JJ 39142 3233 43 spherical spherical JJ 39142 3233 44 bodies body NNS 39142 3233 45 , , , 39142 3233 46 each each DT 39142 3233 47 with with IN 39142 3233 48 a a DT 39142 3233 49 gaseous gaseous JJ 39142 3233 50 exterior exterior NN 39142 3233 51 in in IN 39142 3233 52 process process NN 39142 3233 53 of of IN 39142 3233 54 condensation condensation NN 39142 3233 55 , , , 39142 3233 56 had have VBD 39142 3233 57 taken take VBN 39142 3233 58 the the DT 39142 3233 59 place place NN 39142 3233 60 of of IN 39142 3233 61 the the DT 39142 3233 62 original original JJ 39142 3233 63 elements element NNS 39142 3233 64 which which WDT 39142 3233 65 filled fill VBD 39142 3233 66 space space NN 39142 3233 67 . . . 39142 3234 1 In in IN 39142 3234 2 this this DT 39142 3234 3 manner manner NN 39142 3234 4 Kant Kant NNP 39142 3234 5 would would MD 39142 3234 6 explain explain VB 39142 3234 7 the the DT 39142 3234 8 sameness sameness JJ 39142 3234 9 in in IN 39142 3234 10 direction direction NN 39142 3234 11 of of IN 39142 3234 12 motion motion NN 39142 3234 13 , , , 39142 3234 14 both both CC 39142 3234 15 orbital orbital JJ 39142 3234 16 and and CC 39142 3234 17 axial axial JJ 39142 3234 18 , , , 39142 3234 19 of of IN 39142 3234 20 all all PDT 39142 3234 21 the the DT 39142 3234 22 planets planet NNS 39142 3234 23 and and CC 39142 3234 24 satellites satellite NNS 39142 3234 25 of of IN 39142 3234 26 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3234 27 system system NN 39142 3234 28 . . . 39142 3235 1 But but CC 39142 3235 2 many many JJ 39142 3235 3 philosophers philosopher NNS 39142 3235 4 are be VBP 39142 3235 5 of of IN 39142 3235 6 the the DT 39142 3235 7 opinion opinion NN 39142 3235 8 that that IN 39142 3235 9 Kant Kant NNP 39142 3235 10 's 's POS 39142 3235 11 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 3235 12 would would MD 39142 3235 13 result result VB 39142 3235 14 , , , 39142 3235 15 not not RB 39142 3235 16 in in IN 39142 3235 17 the the DT 39142 3235 18 formation formation NN 39142 3235 19 of of IN 39142 3235 20 such such PDT 39142 3235 21 a a DT 39142 3235 22 collection collection NN 39142 3235 23 of of IN 39142 3235 24 bodies body NNS 39142 3235 25 as as IN 39142 3235 26 the the DT 39142 3235 27 solar solar JJ 39142 3235 28 system system NN 39142 3235 29 is be VBZ 39142 3235 30 , , , 39142 3235 31 but but CC 39142 3235 32 rather rather RB 39142 3235 33 in in IN 39142 3235 34 a a DT 39142 3235 35 single single JJ 39142 3235 36 central central JJ 39142 3235 37 sun sun NN 39142 3235 38 formed form VBN 39142 3235 39 by by IN 39142 3235 40 common common JJ 39142 3235 41 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 3235 42 toward toward IN 39142 3235 43 a a DT 39142 3235 44 single single JJ 39142 3235 45 center center NN 39142 3235 46 . . . 39142 3236 1 From from IN 39142 3236 2 quite quite PDT 39142 3236 3 another another DT 39142 3236 4 viewpoint viewpoint NN 39142 3236 5 the the DT 39142 3236 6 work work NN 39142 3236 7 of of IN 39142 3236 8 the the DT 39142 3236 9 elder eld JJR 39142 3236 10 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 3236 11 is be VBZ 39142 3236 12 important important JJ 39142 3236 13 here here RB 39142 3236 14 . . . 39142 3237 1 No no DT 39142 3237 2 one one NN 39142 3237 3 knew know VBD 39142 3237 4 the the DT 39142 3237 5 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3237 6 from from IN 39142 3237 7 actual actual JJ 39142 3237 8 observation observation NN 39142 3237 9 better well RBR 39142 3237 10 than than IN 39142 3237 11 he -PRON- PRP 39142 3237 12 did do VBD 39142 3237 13 ; ; : 39142 3237 14 but but CC 39142 3237 15 , , , 39142 3237 16 while while IN 39142 3237 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3237 18 ideas idea NNS 39142 3237 19 about about IN 39142 3237 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3237 21 composition composition NN 39142 3237 22 were be VBD 39142 3237 23 wrong wrong JJ 39142 3237 24 , , , 39142 3237 25 he -PRON- PRP 39142 3237 26 nevertheless nevertheless RB 39142 3237 27 conceived conceive VBD 39142 3237 28 of of IN 39142 3237 29 them -PRON- PRP 39142 3237 30 as as IN 39142 3237 31 gradually gradually RB 39142 3237 32 condensing condense VBG 39142 3237 33 into into IN 39142 3237 34 stars star NNS 39142 3237 35 or or CC 39142 3237 36 clusters cluster NNS 39142 3237 37 of of IN 39142 3237 38 stars star NNS 39142 3237 39 . . . 39142 3238 1 And and CC 39142 3238 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3238 3 was be VBD 39142 3238 4 this this DT 39142 3238 5 speculative speculative JJ 39142 3238 6 aspect aspect NN 39142 3238 7 of of IN 39142 3238 8 the the DT 39142 3238 9 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3238 10 , , , 39142 3238 11 not not RB 39142 3238 12 as as IN 39142 3238 13 a a DT 39142 3238 14 possible possible JJ 39142 3238 15 means means NN 39142 3238 16 of of IN 39142 3238 17 accounting accounting NN 39142 3238 18 for for IN 39142 3238 19 the the DT 39142 3238 20 birth birth NN 39142 3238 21 and and CC 39142 3238 22 development development NN 39142 3238 23 of of IN 39142 3238 24 the the DT 39142 3238 25 solar solar JJ 39142 3238 26 system system NN 39142 3238 27 , , , 39142 3238 28 which which WDT 39142 3238 29 constitutes constitute VBZ 39142 3238 30 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 3238 31 's 's POS 39142 3238 32 chief chief JJ 39142 3238 33 contribution contribution NN 39142 3238 34 to to IN 39142 3238 35 the the DT 39142 3238 36 nebular nebular JJ 39142 3238 37 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 3238 38 . . . 39142 3239 1 Classifying classify VBG 39142 3239 2 the the DT 39142 3239 3 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3239 4 which which WDT 39142 3239 5 he -PRON- PRP 39142 3239 6 had have VBD 39142 3239 7 carefully carefully RB 39142 3239 8 studied study VBN 39142 3239 9 with with IN 39142 3239 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3239 11 great great JJ 39142 3239 12 telescopes telescope NNS 39142 3239 13 , , , 39142 3239 14 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3239 15 seemed seem VBD 39142 3239 16 obvious obvious JJ 39142 3239 17 to to IN 39142 3239 18 him -PRON- PRP 39142 3239 19 that that IN 39142 3239 20 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3239 21 were be VBD 39142 3239 22 actually actually RB 39142 3239 23 in in IN 39142 3239 24 all all PDT 39142 3239 25 the the DT 39142 3239 26 different different JJ 39142 3239 27 stages stage NNS 39142 3239 28 of of IN 39142 3239 29 condensation condensation NN 39142 3239 30 , , , 39142 3239 31 and and CC 39142 3239 32 subsequent subsequent JJ 39142 3239 33 research research NN 39142 3239 34 has have VBZ 39142 3239 35 strongly strongly RB 39142 3239 36 tended tend VBN 39142 3239 37 to to TO 39142 3239 38 substantiate substantiate VB 39142 3239 39 the the DT 39142 3239 40 Herschelian herschelian JJ 39142 3239 41 view view NN 39142 3239 42 . . . 39142 3240 1 Then then RB 39142 3240 2 came come VBD 39142 3240 3 Laplace Laplace NNP 39142 3240 4 , , , 39142 3240 5 who who WP 39142 3240 6 took take VBD 39142 3240 7 up up RP 39142 3240 8 the the DT 39142 3240 9 great great JJ 39142 3240 10 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 3240 11 where where WRB 39142 3240 12 Kant Kant NNP 39142 3240 13 and and CC 39142 3240 14 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 3240 15 had have VBD 39142 3240 16 left leave VBN 39142 3240 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3240 18 , , , 39142 3240 19 added add VBD 39142 3240 20 new new JJ 39142 3240 21 and and CC 39142 3240 22 important important JJ 39142 3240 23 conceptions conception NNS 39142 3240 24 in in IN 39142 3240 25 the the DT 39142 3240 26 light light NN 39142 3240 27 of of IN 39142 3240 28 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3240 29 mature mature JJ 39142 3240 30 labors labor NNS 39142 3240 31 as as IN 39142 3240 32 mathematician mathematician NNP 39142 3240 33 and and CC 39142 3240 34 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 3240 35 , , , 39142 3240 36 and and CC 39142 3240 37 put put VBD 39142 3240 38 the the DT 39142 3240 39 theory theory NN 39142 3240 40 in in IN 39142 3240 41 definitive definitive JJ 39142 3240 42 form form NN 39142 3240 43 , , , 39142 3240 44 such such JJ 39142 3240 45 that that IN 39142 3240 46 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3240 47 has have VBZ 39142 3240 48 ever ever RB 39142 3240 49 since since IN 39142 3240 50 been be VBN 39142 3240 51 known know VBN 39142 3240 52 under under IN 39142 3240 53 the the DT 39142 3240 54 name name NN 39142 3240 55 of of IN 39142 3240 56 Laplacian laplacian JJ 39142 3240 57 nebular nebular JJ 39142 3240 58 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 3240 59 . . . 39142 3241 1 For for IN 39142 3241 2 reasons reason NNS 39142 3241 3 like like IN 39142 3241 4 those those DT 39142 3241 5 that that WDT 39142 3241 6 prevailed prevail VBD 39142 3241 7 with with IN 39142 3241 8 Kant Kant NNP 39142 3241 9 , , , 39142 3241 10 he -PRON- PRP 39142 3241 11 began begin VBD 39142 3241 12 the the DT 39142 3241 13 evolution evolution NN 39142 3241 14 of of IN 39142 3241 15 the the DT 39142 3241 16 solar solar JJ 39142 3241 17 system system NN 39142 3241 18 with with IN 39142 3241 19 the the DT 39142 3241 20 sun sun NN 39142 3241 21 already already RB 39142 3241 22 formed form VBN 39142 3241 23 as as IN 39142 3241 24 the the DT 39142 3241 25 center center NN 39142 3241 26 , , , 39142 3241 27 but but CC 39142 3241 28 surrounded surround VBN 39142 3241 29 by by IN 39142 3241 30 a a DT 39142 3241 31 vast vast JJ 39142 3241 32 incandescent incandescent NN 39142 3241 33 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 3241 34 that that WDT 39142 3241 35 filled fill VBD 39142 3241 36 all all PDT 39142 3241 37 the the DT 39142 3241 38 space space NN 39142 3241 39 which which WDT 39142 3241 40 the the DT 39142 3241 41 sun sun NN 39142 3241 42 's 's POS 39142 3241 43 family family NN 39142 3241 44 of of IN 39142 3241 45 planets planet NNS 39142 3241 46 now now RB 39142 3241 47 occupy occupy VBP 39142 3241 48 . . . 39142 3242 1 This this DT 39142 3242 2 entire entire JJ 39142 3242 3 mass mass NN 39142 3242 4 , , , 39142 3242 5 sun sun NN 39142 3242 6 , , , 39142 3242 7 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 3242 8 , , , 39142 3242 9 and and CC 39142 3242 10 all all DT 39142 3242 11 , , , 39142 3242 12 he -PRON- PRP 39142 3242 13 conceived conceive VBD 39142 3242 14 to to TO 39142 3242 15 have have VB 39142 3242 16 a a DT 39142 3242 17 stately stately JJ 39142 3242 18 rotation rotation NN 39142 3242 19 about about IN 39142 3242 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3242 21 axis axis NN 39142 3242 22 . . . 39142 3243 1 With with IN 39142 3243 2 rotation rotation NN 39142 3243 3 of of IN 39142 3243 4 the the DT 39142 3243 5 mass mass JJ 39142 3243 6 and and CC 39142 3243 7 slow slow JJ 39142 3243 8 reduction reduction NN 39142 3243 9 of of IN 39142 3243 10 temperature temperature NN 39142 3243 11 in in IN 39142 3243 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3243 13 outer outer JJ 39142 3243 14 regions region NNS 39142 3243 15 , , , 39142 3243 16 there there EX 39142 3243 17 would would MD 39142 3243 18 be be VB 39142 3243 19 contraction contraction NN 39142 3243 20 toward toward IN 39142 3243 21 the the DT 39142 3243 22 solar solar JJ 39142 3243 23 center center NN 39142 3243 24 , , , 39142 3243 25 and and CC 39142 3243 26 an an DT 39142 3243 27 increase increase NN 39142 3243 28 in in IN 39142 3243 29 velocity velocity NN 39142 3243 30 of of IN 39142 3243 31 rotation rotation NN 39142 3243 32 until until IN 39142 3243 33 the the DT 39142 3243 34 whole whole JJ 39142 3243 35 mass mass NN 39142 3243 36 had have VBD 39142 3243 37 been be VBN 39142 3243 38 much much RB 39142 3243 39 reduced reduce VBN 39142 3243 40 in in IN 39142 3243 41 diameter diameter NN 39142 3243 42 at at IN 39142 3243 43 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3243 44 poles pole NNS 39142 3243 45 and and CC 39142 3243 46 proportionately proportionately RB 39142 3243 47 expanded expand VBN 39142 3243 48 at at IN 39142 3243 49 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3243 50 equator equator NN 39142 3243 51 . . . 39142 3244 1 When when WRB 39142 3244 2 the the DT 39142 3244 3 centrifugal centrifugal JJ 39142 3244 4 force force NN 39142 3244 5 of of IN 39142 3244 6 the the DT 39142 3244 7 outer outer JJ 39142 3244 8 equatorial equatorial JJ 39142 3244 9 masses masse NNS 39142 3244 10 finally finally RB 39142 3244 11 became become VBD 39142 3244 12 equal equal JJ 39142 3244 13 to to IN 39142 3244 14 the the DT 39142 3244 15 gravitational gravitational JJ 39142 3244 16 forces force NNS 39142 3244 17 of of IN 39142 3244 18 the the DT 39142 3244 19 central central JJ 39142 3244 20 mass mass NN 39142 3244 21 , , , 39142 3244 22 then then RB 39142 3244 23 these these DT 39142 3244 24 conjoined conjoin VBD 39142 3244 25 outer outer JJ 39142 3244 26 portions portion NNS 39142 3244 27 would would MD 39142 3244 28 be be VB 39142 3244 29 left leave VBN 39142 3244 30 behind behind RB 39142 3244 31 as as IN 39142 3244 32 a a DT 39142 3244 33 ring ring NN 39142 3244 34 , , , 39142 3244 35 still still RB 39142 3244 36 revolving revolve VBG 39142 3244 37 at at IN 39142 3244 38 the the DT 39142 3244 39 velocity velocity NN 39142 3244 40 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3244 41 had have VBD 39142 3244 42 acquired acquire VBN 39142 3244 43 when when WRB 39142 3244 44 detached detach VBN 39142 3244 45 . . . 39142 3245 1 The the DT 39142 3245 2 revolution revolution NN 39142 3245 3 of of IN 39142 3245 4 the the DT 39142 3245 5 entire entire JJ 39142 3245 6 inner inner JJ 39142 3245 7 mass mass NN 39142 3245 8 goes go VBZ 39142 3245 9 on on RP 39142 3245 10 , , , 39142 3245 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3245 12 velocity velocity NN 39142 3245 13 accelerating accelerate VBG 39142 3245 14 until until IN 39142 3245 15 a a DT 39142 3245 16 similar similar JJ 39142 3245 17 equilibration equilibration NN 39142 3245 18 of of IN 39142 3245 19 forces force NNS 39142 3245 20 is be VBZ 39142 3245 21 again again RB 39142 3245 22 reached reach VBN 39142 3245 23 , , , 39142 3245 24 when when WRB 39142 3245 25 a a DT 39142 3245 26 second second JJ 39142 3245 27 rotating rotating NN 39142 3245 28 ring ring NN 39142 3245 29 is be VBZ 39142 3245 30 left leave VBN 39142 3245 31 behind behind RB 39142 3245 32 . . . 39142 3246 1 Laplace Laplace NNP 39142 3246 2 conceived conceive VBD 39142 3246 3 the the DT 39142 3246 4 process process NN 39142 3246 5 as as IN 39142 3246 6 repeated repeat VBN 39142 3246 7 until until IN 39142 3246 8 as as RB 39142 3246 9 many many JJ 39142 3246 10 rings ring NNS 39142 3246 11 had have VBD 39142 3246 12 been be VBN 39142 3246 13 detached detach VBN 39142 3246 14 as as IN 39142 3246 15 there there EX 39142 3246 16 are be VBP 39142 3246 17 individual individual JJ 39142 3246 18 planets planet NNS 39142 3246 19 , , , 39142 3246 20 all all DT 39142 3246 21 central central JJ 39142 3246 22 about about IN 39142 3246 23 the the DT 39142 3246 24 sun sun NN 39142 3246 25 , , , 39142 3246 26 or or CC 39142 3246 27 nearly nearly RB 39142 3246 28 so so RB 39142 3246 29 . . . 39142 3247 1 In in IN 39142 3247 2 all all DT 39142 3247 3 , , , 39142 3247 4 then then RB 39142 3247 5 , , , 39142 3247 6 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3247 7 should should MD 39142 3247 8 have have VB 39142 3247 9 nine nine CD 39142 3247 10 gaseous gaseous JJ 39142 3247 11 rings ring NNS 39142 3247 12 ; ; : 39142 3247 13 the the DT 39142 3247 14 outer outer JJ 39142 3247 15 ones one NNS 39142 3247 16 preceding precede VBG 39142 3247 17 the the DT 39142 3247 18 inner inner JJ 39142 3247 19 in in IN 39142 3247 20 formation formation NN 39142 3247 21 , , , 39142 3247 22 but but CC 39142 3247 23 not not RB 39142 3247 24 all all DT 39142 3247 25 existing exist VBG 39142 3247 26 as as IN 39142 3247 27 rings ring NNS 39142 3247 28 at at IN 39142 3247 29 the the DT 39142 3247 30 same same JJ 39142 3247 31 time time NN 39142 3247 32 . . . 39142 3248 1 Radiation radiation NN 39142 3248 2 from from IN 39142 3248 3 the the DT 39142 3248 4 ring ring NN 39142 3248 5 on on IN 39142 3248 6 all all DT 39142 3248 7 sides side NNS 39142 3248 8 would would MD 39142 3248 9 lead lead VB 39142 3248 10 to to IN 39142 3248 11 rapid rapid JJ 39142 3248 12 contraction contraction NN 39142 3248 13 of of IN 39142 3248 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3248 15 mass mass NN 39142 3248 16 , , , 39142 3248 17 so so IN 39142 3248 18 that that IN 39142 3248 19 many many JJ 39142 3248 20 nuclei nucleus NNS 39142 3248 21 of of IN 39142 3248 22 condensation condensation NN 39142 3248 23 would would MD 39142 3248 24 form form VB 39142 3248 25 , , , 39142 3248 26 of of IN 39142 3248 27 various various JJ 39142 3248 28 sizes size NNS 39142 3248 29 , , , 39142 3248 30 all all DT 39142 3248 31 revolving revolving JJ 39142 3248 32 round round NN 39142 3248 33 the the DT 39142 3248 34 central central JJ 39142 3248 35 sun sun NN 39142 3248 36 in in IN 39142 3248 37 practically practically RB 39142 3248 38 the the DT 39142 3248 39 same same JJ 39142 3248 40 period period NN 39142 3248 41 . . . 39142 3249 1 Laplace Laplace NNP 39142 3249 2 conceived conceive VBD 39142 3249 3 the the DT 39142 3249 4 evolution evolution NN 39142 3249 5 of of IN 39142 3249 6 the the DT 39142 3249 7 ring ring NN 39142 3249 8 to to TO 39142 3249 9 proceed proceed VB 39142 3249 10 still still RB 39142 3249 11 farther farther RB 39142 3249 12 till till IN 39142 3249 13 the the DT 39142 3249 14 largest large JJS 39142 3249 15 aggregation aggregation NN 39142 3249 16 in in IN 39142 3249 17 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3249 18 had have VBD 39142 3249 19 drawn draw VBN 39142 3249 20 to to IN 39142 3249 21 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 3249 22 all all PDT 39142 3249 23 the the DT 39142 3249 24 other other JJ 39142 3249 25 separate separate JJ 39142 3249 26 nuclei nucleus NNS 39142 3249 27 in in IN 39142 3249 28 the the DT 39142 3249 29 ring ring NN 39142 3249 30 . . . 39142 3250 1 This this DT 39142 3250 2 , , , 39142 3250 3 then then RB 39142 3250 4 , , , 39142 3250 5 was be VBD 39142 3250 6 the the DT 39142 3250 7 planet planet NN 39142 3250 8 in in IN 39142 3250 9 embryo embryo NN 39142 3250 10 , , , 39142 3250 11 in in IN 39142 3250 12 effect effect NN 39142 3250 13 a a DT 39142 3250 14 diminutive diminutive JJ 39142 3250 15 sun sun NN 39142 3250 16 , , , 39142 3250 17 a a DT 39142 3250 18 secondary secondary JJ 39142 3250 19 incandescent incandescent NN 39142 3250 20 mass mass NN 39142 3250 21 endowed endow VBN 39142 3250 22 with with IN 39142 3250 23 axial axial JJ 39142 3250 24 rotation rotation NN 39142 3250 25 in in IN 39142 3250 26 the the DT 39142 3250 27 same same JJ 39142 3250 28 direction direction NN 39142 3250 29 as as IN 39142 3250 30 the the DT 39142 3250 31 parent parent NN 39142 3250 32 nebula nebula NN 39142 3250 33 . . . 39142 3251 1 With with IN 39142 3251 2 reduction reduction NN 39142 3251 3 of of IN 39142 3251 4 temperature temperature NN 39142 3251 5 by by IN 39142 3251 6 radiation radiation NN 39142 3251 7 , , , 39142 3251 8 polar polar JJ 39142 3251 9 contraction contraction NN 39142 3251 10 and and CC 39142 3251 11 equatorial equatorial JJ 39142 3251 12 expansion expansion NN 39142 3251 13 go go VB 39142 3251 14 on on RP 39142 3251 15 , , , 39142 3251 16 and and CC 39142 3251 17 planetary planetary NN 39142 3251 18 rings ring NNS 39142 3251 19 are be VBP 39142 3251 20 detached detach VBN 39142 3251 21 from from IN 39142 3251 22 this this DT 39142 3251 23 secondary secondary JJ 39142 3251 24 mass mass NN 39142 3251 25 in in IN 39142 3251 26 exactly exactly RB 39142 3251 27 the the DT 39142 3251 28 same same JJ 39142 3251 29 way way NN 39142 3251 30 as as IN 39142 3251 31 from from IN 39142 3251 32 the the DT 39142 3251 33 original original JJ 39142 3251 34 sun sun NN 39142 3251 35 nebula nebula NNP 39142 3251 36 . . . 39142 3252 1 And and CC 39142 3252 2 these these DT 39142 3252 3 planetary planetary NN 39142 3252 4 rings ring NNS 39142 3252 5 are be VBP 39142 3252 6 , , , 39142 3252 7 in in IN 39142 3252 8 the the DT 39142 3252 9 Laplacian laplacian JJ 39142 3252 10 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 3252 11 , , , 39142 3252 12 the the DT 39142 3252 13 embryo embryo NN 39142 3252 14 moons moon NNS 39142 3252 15 or or CC 39142 3252 16 planetary planetary NN 39142 3252 17 satellites satellite NNS 39142 3252 18 , , , 39142 3252 19 all all DT 39142 3252 20 revolving revolving JJ 39142 3252 21 round round IN 39142 3252 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3252 23 several several JJ 39142 3252 24 planets planet NNS 39142 3252 25 in in IN 39142 3252 26 the the DT 39142 3252 27 same same JJ 39142 3252 28 direction direction NN 39142 3252 29 that that IN 39142 3252 30 the the DT 39142 3252 31 planets planet NNS 39142 3252 32 revolve revolve VB 39142 3252 33 about about IN 39142 3252 34 the the DT 39142 3252 35 sun sun NN 39142 3252 36 . . . 39142 3253 1 In in IN 39142 3253 2 the the DT 39142 3253 3 case case NN 39142 3253 4 of of IN 39142 3253 5 one one CD 39142 3253 6 of of IN 39142 3253 7 the the DT 39142 3253 8 planetary planetary NN 39142 3253 9 rings ring NNS 39142 3253 10 , , , 39142 3253 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3253 12 formation formation NN 39142 3253 13 was be VBD 39142 3253 14 so so RB 39142 3253 15 nearly nearly RB 39142 3253 16 homogeneous homogeneous JJ 39142 3253 17 throughout throughout IN 39142 3253 18 that that DT 39142 3253 19 no no DT 39142 3253 20 aggregation aggregation NN 39142 3253 21 into into IN 39142 3253 22 a a DT 39142 3253 23 single single JJ 39142 3253 24 satellite satellite NN 39142 3253 25 was be VBD 39142 3253 26 possible possible JJ 39142 3253 27 ; ; : 39142 3253 28 all all DT 39142 3253 29 portions portion NNS 39142 3253 30 of of IN 39142 3253 31 the the DT 39142 3253 32 ring ring NN 39142 3253 33 being being NN 39142 3253 34 of of IN 39142 3253 35 equal equal JJ 39142 3253 36 density density NN 39142 3253 37 , , , 39142 3253 38 there there EX 39142 3253 39 was be VBD 39142 3253 40 no no DT 39142 3253 41 denser denser NN 39142 3253 42 region region NN 39142 3253 43 to to TO 39142 3253 44 attract attract VB 39142 3253 45 the the DT 39142 3253 46 less less JJR 39142 3253 47 dense dense JJ 39142 3253 48 regions region NNS 39142 3253 49 , , , 39142 3253 50 and and CC 39142 3253 51 in in IN 39142 3253 52 this this DT 39142 3253 53 manner manner NN 39142 3253 54 the the DT 39142 3253 55 rings ring NNS 39142 3253 56 of of IN 39142 3253 57 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 3253 58 were be VBD 39142 3253 59 formed form VBN 39142 3253 60 , , , 39142 3253 61 in in IN 39142 3253 62 lieu lieu NN 39142 3253 63 of of IN 39142 3253 64 condensation condensation NN 39142 3253 65 into into IN 39142 3253 66 a a DT 39142 3253 67 separate separate JJ 39142 3253 68 satellite satellite NN 39142 3253 69 . . . 39142 3254 1 Similarly similarly RB 39142 3254 2 in in IN 39142 3254 3 the the DT 39142 3254 4 case case NN 39142 3254 5 of of IN 39142 3254 6 the the DT 39142 3254 7 primal primal JJ 39142 3254 8 solar solar JJ 39142 3254 9 ring ring NN 39142 3254 10 that that WDT 39142 3254 11 was be VBD 39142 3254 12 detached detach VBN 39142 3254 13 next next RB 39142 3254 14 after after IN 39142 3254 15 the the DT 39142 3254 16 Jovian jovian JJ 39142 3254 17 ring ring NN 39142 3254 18 ; ; : 39142 3254 19 there there EX 39142 3254 20 was be VBD 39142 3254 21 such such PDT 39142 3254 22 a a DT 39142 3254 23 nice nice JJ 39142 3254 24 balancing balancing NN 39142 3254 25 of of IN 39142 3254 26 masses masse NNS 39142 3254 27 and and CC 39142 3254 28 densities density NNS 39142 3254 29 that that WDT 39142 3254 30 , , , 39142 3254 31 instead instead RB 39142 3254 32 of of IN 39142 3254 33 a a DT 39142 3254 34 single single JJ 39142 3254 35 major major JJ 39142 3254 36 planet planet NN 39142 3254 37 , , , 39142 3254 38 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3254 39 have have VBP 39142 3254 40 the the DT 39142 3254 41 well well RB 39142 3254 42 - - HYPH 39142 3254 43 known know VBN 39142 3254 44 asteroidal asteroidal NN 39142 3254 45 ring ring NN 39142 3254 46 , , , 39142 3254 47 composed compose VBN 39142 3254 48 of of IN 39142 3254 49 innumerable innumerable JJ 39142 3254 50 discrete discrete JJ 39142 3254 51 minor minor JJ 39142 3254 52 planets planet NNS 39142 3254 53 . . . 39142 3255 1 This this DT 39142 3255 2 , , , 39142 3255 3 then then RB 39142 3255 4 , , , 39142 3255 5 in in IN 39142 3255 6 bare bare JJ 39142 3255 7 outline outline NN 39142 3255 8 , , , 39142 3255 9 is be VBZ 39142 3255 10 the the DT 39142 3255 11 Laplacian laplacian JJ 39142 3255 12 nebular nebular JJ 39142 3255 13 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 3255 14 , , , 39142 3255 15 and and CC 39142 3255 16 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3255 17 accounted account VBD 39142 3255 18 very very RB 39142 3255 19 well well RB 39142 3255 20 for for IN 39142 3255 21 the the DT 39142 3255 22 solar solar JJ 39142 3255 23 system system NN 39142 3255 24 as as IN 39142 3255 25 known know VBN 39142 3255 26 in in IN 39142 3255 27 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3255 28 day day NN 39142 3255 29 ; ; : 39142 3255 30 the the DT 39142 3255 31 fairly fairly RB 39142 3255 32 regular regular JJ 39142 3255 33 progression progression NN 39142 3255 34 of of IN 39142 3255 35 planetary planetary NN 39142 3255 36 distances distance NNS 39142 3255 37 ; ; : 39142 3255 38 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3255 39 orbits orbit NNS 39142 3255 40 round round VBP 39142 3255 41 the the DT 39142 3255 42 sun sun NN 39142 3255 43 all all DT 39142 3255 44 nearly nearly RB 39142 3255 45 circular circular JJ 39142 3255 46 and and CC 39142 3255 47 approximately approximately RB 39142 3255 48 in in IN 39142 3255 49 a a DT 39142 3255 50 single single JJ 39142 3255 51 plane plane NN 39142 3255 52 ; ; : 39142 3255 53 the the DT 39142 3255 54 planetary planetary NN 39142 3255 55 and and CC 39142 3255 56 satellite satellite NN 39142 3255 57 revolutions revolution NNS 39142 3255 58 in in IN 39142 3255 59 orbit orbit NN 39142 3255 60 all all DT 39142 3255 61 in in IN 39142 3255 62 the the DT 39142 3255 63 same same JJ 39142 3255 64 direction direction NN 39142 3255 65 ; ; : 39142 3255 66 the the DT 39142 3255 67 axial axial JJ 39142 3255 68 rotations rotation NNS 39142 3255 69 of of IN 39142 3255 70 planets planet NNS 39142 3255 71 in in IN 39142 3255 72 the the DT 39142 3255 73 same same JJ 39142 3255 74 direction direction NN 39142 3255 75 as as IN 39142 3255 76 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3255 77 orbital orbital JJ 39142 3255 78 revolutions revolution NNS 39142 3255 79 ; ; : 39142 3255 80 and and CC 39142 3255 81 the the DT 39142 3255 82 plane plane NN 39142 3255 83 of of IN 39142 3255 84 orbital orbital JJ 39142 3255 85 revolution revolution NN 39142 3255 86 of of IN 39142 3255 87 the the DT 39142 3255 88 satellites satellite NNS 39142 3255 89 practically practically RB 39142 3255 90 coinciding coincide VBG 39142 3255 91 with with IN 39142 3255 92 the the DT 39142 3255 93 plane plane NN 39142 3255 94 of of IN 39142 3255 95 the the DT 39142 3255 96 planet planet NN 39142 3255 97 's 's POS 39142 3255 98 axial axial JJ 39142 3255 99 rotation rotation NN 39142 3255 100 . . . 39142 3256 1 But but CC 39142 3256 2 the the DT 39142 3256 3 principle principle NN 39142 3256 4 of of IN 39142 3256 5 conservation conservation NN 39142 3256 6 of of IN 39142 3256 7 energy energy NN 39142 3256 8 was be VBD 39142 3256 9 , , , 39142 3256 10 of of IN 39142 3256 11 course course NN 39142 3256 12 , , , 39142 3256 13 unknown unknown JJ 39142 3256 14 to to IN 39142 3256 15 Laplace Laplace NNP 39142 3256 16 , , , 39142 3256 17 nor nor CC 39142 3256 18 had have VBD 39142 3256 19 the the DT 39142 3256 20 mechanical mechanical JJ 39142 3256 21 equivalence equivalence NN 39142 3256 22 of of IN 39142 3256 23 heat heat NN 39142 3256 24 with with IN 39142 3256 25 other other JJ 39142 3256 26 forms form NNS 39142 3256 27 of of IN 39142 3256 28 energy energy NN 39142 3256 29 been be VBN 39142 3256 30 established establish VBN 39142 3256 31 in in IN 39142 3256 32 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3256 33 day day NN 39142 3256 34 . . . 39142 3257 1 In in IN 39142 3257 2 1870 1870 CD 39142 3257 3 , , , 39142 3257 4 Lane Lane NNP 39142 3257 5 of of IN 39142 3257 6 Washington Washington NNP 39142 3257 7 first first RB 39142 3257 8 demonstrated demonstrate VBD 39142 3257 9 the the DT 39142 3257 10 remarkable remarkable JJ 39142 3257 11 law law NN 39142 3257 12 that that WDT 39142 3257 13 a a DT 39142 3257 14 gaseous gaseous JJ 39142 3257 15 sphere sphere NN 39142 3257 16 , , , 39142 3257 17 in in IN 39142 3257 18 process process NN 39142 3257 19 of of IN 39142 3257 20 losing lose VBG 39142 3257 21 heat heat NN 39142 3257 22 by by IN 39142 3257 23 radiation radiation NN 39142 3257 24 and and CC 39142 3257 25 contraction contraction NN 39142 3257 26 because because IN 39142 3257 27 of of IN 39142 3257 28 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3257 29 own own JJ 39142 3257 30 gravity gravity NN 39142 3257 31 , , , 39142 3257 32 actually actually RB 39142 3257 33 grows grow VBZ 39142 3257 34 hotter hot JJR 39142 3257 35 instead instead RB 39142 3257 36 of of IN 39142 3257 37 cooler cooler NN 39142 3257 38 , , , 39142 3257 39 as as RB 39142 3257 40 long long RB 39142 3257 41 as as IN 39142 3257 42 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3257 43 continues continue VBZ 39142 3257 44 to to TO 39142 3257 45 be be VB 39142 3257 46 gaseous gaseous JJ 39142 3257 47 , , , 39142 3257 48 and and CC 39142 3257 49 not not RB 39142 3257 50 liquid liquid JJ 39142 3257 51 or or CC 39142 3257 52 solid solid JJ 39142 3257 53 . . . 39142 3258 1 So so CC 39142 3258 2 there there EX 39142 3258 3 is be VBZ 39142 3258 4 no no DT 39142 3258 5 need need NN 39142 3258 6 of of IN 39142 3258 7 postulating postulate VBG 39142 3258 8 with with IN 39142 3258 9 Laplace Laplace NNP 39142 3258 10 an an DT 39142 3258 11 excessively excessively RB 39142 3258 12 high high JJ 39142 3258 13 temperature temperature NN 39142 3258 14 of of IN 39142 3258 15 the the DT 39142 3258 16 original original JJ 39142 3258 17 nebula nebula NN 39142 3258 18 . . . 39142 3259 1 The the DT 39142 3259 2 chief chief JJ 39142 3259 3 objection objection NN 39142 3259 4 to to IN 39142 3259 5 Laplace Laplace NNP 39142 3259 6 's 's POS 39142 3259 7 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 3259 8 by by IN 39142 3259 9 modern modern JJ 39142 3259 10 theorists theorist NNS 39142 3259 11 is be VBZ 39142 3259 12 that that IN 39142 3259 13 the the DT 39142 3259 14 detachment detachment NN 39142 3259 15 of of IN 39142 3259 16 rings ring NNS 39142 3259 17 , , , 39142 3259 18 though though IN 39142 3259 19 possible possible JJ 39142 3259 20 , , , 39142 3259 21 would would MD 39142 3259 22 likely likely RB 39142 3259 23 be be VB 39142 3259 24 a a DT 39142 3259 25 rare rare JJ 39142 3259 26 occurrence occurrence NN 39142 3259 27 ; ; : 39142 3259 28 protuberances protuberance NNS 39142 3259 29 or or CC 39142 3259 30 lumps lump NNS 39142 3259 31 on on IN 39142 3259 32 the the DT 39142 3259 33 equatorial equatorial JJ 39142 3259 34 exterior exterior NN 39142 3259 35 of of IN 39142 3259 36 a a DT 39142 3259 37 swiftly swiftly RB 39142 3259 38 revolving revolving JJ 39142 3259 39 mass mass NN 39142 3259 40 would would MD 39142 3259 41 be be VB 39142 3259 42 more more RBR 39142 3259 43 likely likely JJ 39142 3259 44 , , , 39142 3259 45 and and CC 39142 3259 46 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3259 47 is be VBZ 39142 3259 48 much much RB 39142 3259 49 easier easy JJR 39142 3259 50 to to TO 39142 3259 51 see see VB 39142 3259 52 how how WRB 39142 3259 53 such such JJ 39142 3259 54 masses masse NNS 39142 3259 55 would would MD 39142 3259 56 ultimately ultimately RB 39142 3259 57 become become VB 39142 3259 58 planets planet NNS 39142 3259 59 than than IN 39142 3259 60 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3259 61 is be VBZ 39142 3259 62 to to TO 39142 3259 63 follow follow VB 39142 3259 64 the the DT 39142 3259 65 disruption disruption NN 39142 3259 66 of of IN 39142 3259 67 a a DT 39142 3259 68 possible possible JJ 39142 3259 69 ring ring NN 39142 3259 70 and and CC 39142 3259 71 the the DT 39142 3259 72 necessary necessary JJ 39142 3259 73 steps step NNS 39142 3259 74 of of IN 39142 3259 75 the the DT 39142 3259 76 process process NN 39142 3259 77 by by IN 39142 3259 78 which which WDT 39142 3259 79 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3259 80 would would MD 39142 3259 81 condense condense VB 39142 3259 82 into into IN 39142 3259 83 a a DT 39142 3259 84 final final JJ 39142 3259 85 planet planet NN 39142 3259 86 . . . 39142 3260 1 The the DT 39142 3260 2 continued continue VBN 39142 3260 3 progress progress NN 39142 3260 4 of of IN 39142 3260 5 research research NN 39142 3260 6 in in IN 39142 3260 7 many many JJ 39142 3260 8 departments department NNS 39142 3260 9 of of IN 39142 3260 10 astronomy astronomy NN 39142 3260 11 has have VBZ 39142 3260 12 had have VBN 39142 3260 13 important important JJ 39142 3260 14 bearing bearing NN 39142 3260 15 on on IN 39142 3260 16 the the DT 39142 3260 17 nebular nebular JJ 39142 3260 18 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 3260 19 , , , 39142 3260 20 and and CC 39142 3260 21 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3260 22 may may MD 39142 3260 23 rest rest VB 39142 3260 24 assured assure VBN 39142 3260 25 that that IN 39142 3260 26 this this DT 39142 3260 27 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 3260 28 in in IN 39142 3260 29 somewhat somewhat RB 39142 3260 30 modified modify VBN 39142 3260 31 form form NN 39142 3260 32 can can MD 39142 3260 33 hardly hardly RB 39142 3260 34 fail fail VB 39142 3260 35 of of IN 39142 3260 36 ultimate ultimate JJ 39142 3260 37 acceptance acceptance NN 39142 3260 38 , , , 39142 3260 39 though though IN 39142 3260 40 not not RB 39142 3260 41 in in IN 39142 3260 42 every every DT 39142 3260 43 essential essential JJ 39142 3260 44 as as IN 39142 3260 45 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3260 46 great great JJ 39142 3260 47 originator originator NN 39142 3260 48 left leave VBD 39142 3260 49 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3260 50 . . . 39142 3261 1 Lord Lord NNP 39142 3261 2 Rosse Rosse NNP 39142 3261 3 's 's POS 39142 3261 4 discovery discovery NN 39142 3261 5 of of IN 39142 3261 6 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3261 7 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3261 8 , , , 39142 3261 9 followed follow VBD 39142 3261 10 up up RP 39142 3261 11 by by IN 39142 3261 12 Keeler Keeler NNP 39142 3261 13 's 's POS 39142 3261 14 photographic photographic JJ 39142 3261 15 search search NN 39142 3261 16 for for IN 39142 3261 17 these these DT 39142 3261 18 bodies body NNS 39142 3261 19 , , , 39142 3261 20 revealing reveal VBG 39142 3261 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3261 22 actual actual JJ 39142 3261 23 existence existence NN 39142 3261 24 in in IN 39142 3261 25 the the DT 39142 3261 26 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 3261 27 by by IN 39142 3261 28 the the DT 39142 3261 29 hundreds hundred NNS 39142 3261 30 of of IN 39142 3261 31 thousands thousand NNS 39142 3261 32 , , , 39142 3261 33 has have VBZ 39142 3261 34 led lead VBN 39142 3261 35 to to IN 39142 3261 36 another another DT 39142 3261 37 criticism criticism NN 39142 3261 38 of of IN 39142 3261 39 the the DT 39142 3261 40 Laplacian laplacian JJ 39142 3261 41 theory theory NN 39142 3261 42 . . . 39142 3262 1 Could Could MD 39142 3262 2 Laplace Laplace NNP 39142 3262 3 have have VB 39142 3262 4 known know VBN 39142 3262 5 of of IN 39142 3262 6 the the DT 39142 3262 7 existence existence NN 39142 3262 8 of of IN 39142 3262 9 these these DT 39142 3262 10 objects object NNS 39142 3262 11 in in IN 39142 3262 12 such such JJ 39142 3262 13 vast vast JJ 39142 3262 14 numbers number NNS 39142 3262 15 , , , 39142 3262 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3262 17 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 3262 18 would would MD 39142 3262 19 no no RB 39142 3262 20 doubt doubt RB 39142 3262 21 have have VB 39142 3262 22 been be VBN 39142 3262 23 suitably suitably RB 39142 3262 24 modified modify VBN 39142 3262 25 to to TO 39142 3262 26 account account VB 39142 3262 27 for for IN 39142 3262 28 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3262 29 formation formation NN 39142 3262 30 and and CC 39142 3262 31 development development NN 39142 3262 32 . . . 39142 3263 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 3263 2 is be VBZ 39142 3263 3 generally generally RB 39142 3263 4 considered consider VBN 39142 3263 5 that that IN 39142 3263 6 the the DT 39142 3263 7 ring ring NN 39142 3263 8 of of IN 39142 3263 9 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 3263 10 suggested suggest VBD 39142 3263 11 to to IN 39142 3263 12 Laplace Laplace NNP 39142 3263 13 the the DT 39142 3263 14 ring ring NN 39142 3263 15 feature feature NN 39142 3263 16 in in IN 39142 3263 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3263 18 scheme scheme NN 39142 3263 19 of of IN 39142 3263 20 origin origin NN 39142 3263 21 of of IN 39142 3263 22 planets planet NNS 39142 3263 23 and and CC 39142 3263 24 satellites satellite NNS 39142 3263 25 ; ; : 39142 3263 26 so so RB 39142 3263 27 far far RB 39142 3263 28 as as IN 39142 3263 29 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3263 30 know know VBP 39142 3263 31 , , , 39142 3263 32 the the DT 39142 3263 33 Saturnian saturnian JJ 39142 3263 34 ring ring NN 39142 3263 35 is be VBZ 39142 3263 36 unique unique JJ 39142 3263 37 , , , 39142 3263 38 the the DT 39142 3263 39 only only JJ 39142 3263 40 object object NN 39142 3263 41 of of IN 39142 3263 42 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3263 43 kind kind NN 39142 3263 44 in in IN 39142 3263 45 the the DT 39142 3263 46 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 3263 47 . . . 39142 3264 1 Whereas whereas IN 39142 3264 2 , , , 39142 3264 3 next next RB 39142 3264 4 to to IN 39142 3264 5 the the DT 39142 3264 6 star star NN 39142 3264 7 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 3264 8 , , , 39142 3264 9 the the DT 39142 3264 10 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3264 11 nebula nebula NN 39142 3264 12 is be VBZ 39142 3264 13 the the DT 39142 3264 14 type type NN 39142 3264 15 object object NN 39142 3264 16 which which WDT 39142 3264 17 occurs occur VBZ 39142 3264 18 most most RBS 39142 3264 19 frequently frequently RB 39142 3264 20 . . . 39142 3265 1 A a DT 39142 3265 2 theory theory NN 39142 3265 3 , , , 39142 3265 4 therefore therefore RB 39142 3265 5 , , , 39142 3265 6 which which WDT 39142 3265 7 will will MD 39142 3265 8 satisfactorily satisfactorily RB 39142 3265 9 account account VB 39142 3265 10 for for IN 39142 3265 11 the the DT 39142 3265 12 origin origin NN 39142 3265 13 and and CC 39142 3265 14 development development NN 39142 3265 15 of of IN 39142 3265 16 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3265 17 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3265 18 must must MD 39142 3265 19 command command VB 39142 3265 20 recognition recognition NN 39142 3265 21 as as IN 39142 3265 22 of of IN 39142 3265 23 great great JJ 39142 3265 24 importance importance NN 39142 3265 25 in in IN 39142 3265 26 the the DT 39142 3265 27 cosmogony cosmogony NN 39142 3265 28 . . . 39142 3266 1 Such such PDT 39142 3266 2 a a DT 39142 3266 3 theory theory NN 39142 3266 4 has have VBZ 39142 3266 5 been be VBN 39142 3266 6 set set VBN 39142 3266 7 forth forth RP 39142 3266 8 by by IN 39142 3266 9 Chamberlin Chamberlin NNP 39142 3266 10 and and CC 39142 3266 11 Moulton Moulton NNP 39142 3266 12 in in IN 39142 3266 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3266 14 planetesimal planetesimal NN 39142 3266 15 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 3266 16 , , , 39142 3266 17 according accord VBG 39142 3266 18 to to IN 39142 3266 19 which which WDT 39142 3266 20 the the DT 39142 3266 21 genesis genesis NN 39142 3266 22 of of IN 39142 3266 23 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3266 24 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3266 25 happens happen VBZ 39142 3266 26 when when WRB 39142 3266 27 two two CD 39142 3266 28 giant giant JJ 39142 3266 29 suns sun NNS 39142 3266 30 approach approach VBP 39142 3266 31 each each DT 39142 3266 32 other other JJ 39142 3266 33 so so RB 39142 3266 34 closely closely RB 39142 3266 35 that that DT 39142 3266 36 tide tide NN 39142 3266 37 - - HYPH 39142 3266 38 producing produce VBG 39142 3266 39 effects effect NNS 39142 3266 40 take take VBP 39142 3266 41 place place NN 39142 3266 42 on on IN 39142 3266 43 a a DT 39142 3266 44 vast vast JJ 39142 3266 45 scale scale NN 39142 3266 46 . . . 39142 3267 1 These these DT 39142 3267 2 suns sun NNS 39142 3267 3 need need VBP 39142 3267 4 not not RB 39142 3267 5 be be VB 39142 3267 6 luminous luminous JJ 39142 3267 7 ; ; : 39142 3267 8 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3267 9 may may MD 39142 3267 10 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 3267 11 belong belong VB 39142 3267 12 to to IN 39142 3267 13 the the DT 39142 3267 14 class class NN 39142 3267 15 of of IN 39142 3267 16 dark dark JJ 39142 3267 17 or or CC 39142 3267 18 extinguished extinguish VBN 39142 3267 19 suns sun NNS 39142 3267 20 . . . 39142 3268 1 The the DT 39142 3268 2 evidences evidence NNS 39142 3268 3 of of IN 39142 3268 4 the the DT 39142 3268 5 existence existence NN 39142 3268 6 of of IN 39142 3268 7 such such JJ 39142 3268 8 in in IN 39142 3268 9 vast vast JJ 39142 3268 10 numbers number NNS 39142 3268 11 throughout throughout IN 39142 3268 12 the the DT 39142 3268 13 universe universe NN 39142 3268 14 is be VBZ 39142 3268 15 thought think VBN 39142 3268 16 to to TO 39142 3268 17 be be VB 39142 3268 18 well well RB 39142 3268 19 established establish VBN 39142 3268 20 . . . 39142 3269 1 Now now RB 39142 3269 2 , , , 39142 3269 3 on on IN 39142 3269 4 close close JJ 39142 3269 5 approach approach NN 39142 3269 6 , , , 39142 3269 7 what what WP 39142 3269 8 happens happen VBZ 39142 3269 9 ? ? . 39142 3270 1 There there EX 39142 3270 2 will will MD 39142 3270 3 be be VB 39142 3270 4 huge huge JJ 39142 3270 5 tides tide NNS 39142 3270 6 , , , 39142 3270 7 and and CC 39142 3270 8 the the DT 39142 3270 9 nearer nearer NN 39142 3270 10 the the DT 39142 3270 11 bodies body NNS 39142 3270 12 come come VBP 39142 3270 13 to to IN 39142 3270 14 each each DT 39142 3270 15 other other JJ 39142 3270 16 , , , 39142 3270 17 the the DT 39142 3270 18 vaster vaster NN 39142 3270 19 the the DT 39142 3270 20 scale scale NN 39142 3270 21 on on IN 39142 3270 22 which which WDT 39142 3270 23 tides tide NNS 39142 3270 24 will will MD 39142 3270 25 be be VB 39142 3270 26 formed form VBN 39142 3270 27 . . . 39142 3271 1 If if IN 39142 3271 2 the the DT 39142 3271 3 bodies body NNS 39142 3271 4 are be VBP 39142 3271 5 liquid liquid JJ 39142 3271 6 or or CC 39142 3271 7 gaseous gaseous JJ 39142 3271 8 , , , 39142 3271 9 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3271 10 will will MD 39142 3271 11 be be VB 39142 3271 12 distorted distort VBN 39142 3271 13 by by IN 39142 3271 14 the the DT 39142 3271 15 force force NN 39142 3271 16 of of IN 39142 3271 17 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 3271 18 , , , 39142 3271 19 and and CC 39142 3271 20 the the DT 39142 3271 21 figure figure NN 39142 3271 22 of of IN 39142 3271 23 both both DT 39142 3271 24 bodies body NNS 39142 3271 25 will will MD 39142 3271 26 become become VB 39142 3271 27 ellipsoidal ellipsoidal JJ 39142 3271 28 ; ; : 39142 3271 29 and and CC 39142 3271 30 at at IN 39142 3271 31 last last JJ 39142 3271 32 under under IN 39142 3271 33 greater great JJR 39142 3271 34 stress stress NN 39142 3271 35 , , , 39142 3271 36 the the DT 39142 3271 37 restraining restrain VBG 39142 3271 38 shell shell NN 39142 3271 39 of of IN 39142 3271 40 both both DT 39142 3271 41 bodies body NNS 39142 3271 42 will will MD 39142 3271 43 burst burst VB 39142 3271 44 asunder asunder RB 39142 3271 45 on on IN 39142 3271 46 opposite opposite JJ 39142 3271 47 sides side NNS 39142 3271 48 in in IN 39142 3271 49 streams stream NNS 39142 3271 50 of of IN 39142 3271 51 matter matter NN 39142 3271 52 from from IN 39142 3271 53 the the DT 39142 3271 54 interior interior NN 39142 3271 55 . . . 39142 3272 1 In in IN 39142 3272 2 this this DT 39142 3272 3 manner manner NN 39142 3272 4 the the DT 39142 3272 5 arms arm NNS 39142 3272 6 of of IN 39142 3272 7 the the DT 39142 3272 8 spiral spiral NN 39142 3272 9 are be VBP 39142 3272 10 formed form VBN 39142 3272 11 . . . 39142 3273 1 As as IN 39142 3273 2 Chamberlin Chamberlin NNP 39142 3273 3 puts put VBZ 39142 3273 4 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3273 5 : : : 39142 3273 6 " " `` 39142 3273 7 If if IN 39142 3273 8 , , , 39142 3273 9 with with IN 39142 3273 10 these these DT 39142 3273 11 potent potent JJ 39142 3273 12 forces force NNS 39142 3273 13 thus thus RB 39142 3273 14 nearly nearly RB 39142 3273 15 balanced balance VBN 39142 3273 16 , , , 39142 3273 17 the the DT 39142 3273 18 sun sun NN 39142 3273 19 closely closely RB 39142 3273 20 approaches approach VBZ 39142 3273 21 another another DT 39142 3273 22 sun sun NN 39142 3273 23 , , , 39142 3273 24 or or CC 39142 3273 25 body body NN 39142 3273 26 of of IN 39142 3273 27 like like UH 39142 3273 28 magnitude magnitude NN 39142 3273 29 ... ... : 39142 3273 30 the the DT 39142 3273 31 gravity gravity NN 39142 3273 32 which which WDT 39142 3273 33 restrains restrain VBZ 39142 3273 34 this this DT 39142 3273 35 enormous enormous JJ 39142 3273 36 elastic elastic JJ 39142 3273 37 power power NN 39142 3273 38 will will MD 39142 3273 39 be be VB 39142 3273 40 reduced reduce VBN 39142 3273 41 along along IN 39142 3273 42 the the DT 39142 3273 43 line line NN 39142 3273 44 of of IN 39142 3273 45 mutual mutual JJ 39142 3273 46 attraction attraction NN 39142 3273 47 . . . 39142 3274 1 At at IN 39142 3274 2 the the DT 39142 3274 3 same same JJ 39142 3274 4 time time NN 39142 3274 5 the the DT 39142 3274 6 pressure pressure NN 39142 3274 7 transverse transverse JJ 39142 3274 8 to to IN 39142 3274 9 this this DT 39142 3274 10 line line NN 39142 3274 11 of of IN 39142 3274 12 relief relief NN 39142 3274 13 will will MD 39142 3274 14 be be VB 39142 3274 15 increased increase VBN 39142 3274 16 . . . 39142 3275 1 Such such JJ 39142 3275 2 localized localized JJ 39142 3275 3 relief relief NN 39142 3275 4 and and CC 39142 3275 5 intensified intensify VBN 39142 3275 6 pressure pressure NN 39142 3275 7 must must MD 39142 3275 8 bring bring VB 39142 3275 9 into into IN 39142 3275 10 action action NN 39142 3275 11 corresponding correspond VBG 39142 3275 12 portions portion NNS 39142 3275 13 of of IN 39142 3275 14 the the DT 39142 3275 15 sun sun NN 39142 3275 16 's 's POS 39142 3275 17 elastic elastic JJ 39142 3275 18 potency potency NN 39142 3275 19 , , , 39142 3275 20 resulting result VBG 39142 3275 21 in in IN 39142 3275 22 protuberances protuberance NNS 39142 3275 23 of of IN 39142 3275 24 corresponding correspond VBG 39142 3275 25 mass mass NN 39142 3275 26 and and CC 39142 3275 27 high high JJ 39142 3275 28 velocity velocity NN 39142 3275 29 . . . 39142 3275 30 " " '' 39142 3276 1 Only only RB 39142 3276 2 a a DT 39142 3276 3 fraction fraction NN 39142 3276 4 of of IN 39142 3276 5 one one CD 39142 3276 6 per per IN 39142 3276 7 cent cent NN 39142 3276 8 of of IN 39142 3276 9 the the DT 39142 3276 10 sun sun NN 39142 3276 11 's 's POS 39142 3276 12 mass mass NN 39142 3276 13 ejected eject VBN 39142 3276 14 in in IN 39142 3276 15 this this DT 39142 3276 16 fashion fashion NN 39142 3276 17 would would MD 39142 3276 18 be be VB 39142 3276 19 sufficient sufficient JJ 39142 3276 20 to to TO 39142 3276 21 generate generate VB 39142 3276 22 the the DT 39142 3276 23 entire entire JJ 39142 3276 24 planetary planetary NN 39142 3276 25 system system NN 39142 3276 26 . . . 39142 3277 1 Nuclei nucleus NNS 39142 3277 2 or or CC 39142 3277 3 knots knot NNS 39142 3277 4 in in IN 39142 3277 5 the the DT 39142 3277 6 arms arm NNS 39142 3277 7 of of IN 39142 3277 8 the the DT 39142 3277 9 spiral spiral NN 39142 3277 10 gradually gradually RB 39142 3277 11 grew grow VBD 39142 3277 12 by by IN 39142 3277 13 accretion accretion NN 39142 3277 14 , , , 39142 3277 15 the the DT 39142 3277 16 four four CD 39142 3277 17 interior interior JJ 39142 3277 18 knots knot NNS 39142 3277 19 forming form VBG 39142 3277 20 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 3277 21 , , , 39142 3277 22 Venus Venus NNP 39142 3277 23 , , , 39142 3277 24 the the DT 39142 3277 25 Earth Earth NNP 39142 3277 26 , , , 39142 3277 27 and and CC 39142 3277 28 Mars Mars NNP 39142 3277 29 . . . 39142 3278 1 The the DT 39142 3278 2 earth earth NN 39142 3278 3 knot knot NN 39142 3278 4 was be VBD 39142 3278 5 a a DT 39142 3278 6 double double JJ 39142 3278 7 one one NN 39142 3278 8 , , , 39142 3278 9 which which WDT 39142 3278 10 developed develop VBD 39142 3278 11 into into IN 39142 3278 12 the the DT 39142 3278 13 earth earth NN 39142 3278 14 - - HYPH 39142 3278 15 moon moon NN 39142 3278 16 system system NN 39142 3278 17 . . . 39142 3279 1 The the DT 39142 3279 2 absence absence NN 39142 3279 3 of of IN 39142 3279 4 a a DT 39142 3279 5 dominating dominating JJ 39142 3279 6 nucleus nucleus NN 39142 3279 7 beyond beyond IN 39142 3279 8 Mars Mars NNP 39142 3279 9 accounts account VBZ 39142 3279 10 for for IN 39142 3279 11 the the DT 39142 3279 12 zone zone NN 39142 3279 13 of of IN 39142 3279 14 the the DT 39142 3279 15 asteroids asteroid NNS 39142 3279 16 remaining remain VBG 39142 3279 17 in in IN 39142 3279 18 some some DT 39142 3279 19 sense sense NN 39142 3279 20 in in IN 39142 3279 21 the the DT 39142 3279 22 original original JJ 39142 3279 23 planetesimal planetesimal NN 39142 3279 24 condition condition NN 39142 3279 25 . . . 39142 3280 1 The the DT 39142 3280 2 vaster vaster NN 39142 3280 3 nuclei nucleus NNS 39142 3280 4 beyond beyond IN 39142 3280 5 Mars Mars NNP 39142 3280 6 gradually gradually RB 39142 3280 7 condensed condense VBN 39142 3280 8 into into IN 39142 3280 9 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 3280 10 , , , 39142 3280 11 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 3280 12 , , , 39142 3280 13 Uranus Uranus NNP 39142 3280 14 , , , 39142 3280 15 and and CC 39142 3280 16 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 3280 17 ; ; : 39142 3280 18 and and CC 39142 3280 19 lesser less JJR 39142 3280 20 nuclei nucleus NNS 39142 3280 21 related relate VBN 39142 3280 22 to to IN 39142 3280 23 the the DT 39142 3280 24 larger large JJR 39142 3280 25 ones one NNS 39142 3280 26 form form VBP 39142 3280 27 the the DT 39142 3280 28 systems system NNS 39142 3280 29 of of IN 39142 3280 30 moons moon NNS 39142 3280 31 or or CC 39142 3280 32 satellites satellite NNS 39142 3280 33 . . . 39142 3281 1 The the DT 39142 3281 2 orbits orbit NNS 39142 3281 3 of of IN 39142 3281 4 the the DT 39142 3281 5 planetesimals planetesimal NNS 39142 3281 6 and and CC 39142 3281 7 the the DT 39142 3281 8 planetary planetary NN 39142 3281 9 and and CC 39142 3281 10 satellite satellite NN 39142 3281 11 nuclei nucleus NNS 39142 3281 12 would would MD 39142 3281 13 be be VB 39142 3281 14 very very RB 39142 3281 15 eccentric eccentric JJ 39142 3281 16 , , , 39142 3281 17 forming form VBG 39142 3281 18 a a DT 39142 3281 19 confusion confusion NN 39142 3281 20 of of IN 39142 3281 21 ellipses ellipsis NNS 39142 3281 22 with with IN 39142 3281 23 frequently frequently RB 39142 3281 24 crossing cross VBG 39142 3281 25 paths path NNS 39142 3281 26 . . . 39142 3282 1 Collisions collision NNS 39142 3282 2 would would MD 39142 3282 3 occur occur VB 39142 3282 4 , , , 39142 3282 5 and and CC 39142 3282 6 the the DT 39142 3282 7 nuclei nucleus NNS 39142 3282 8 would would MD 39142 3282 9 inevitably inevitably RB 39142 3282 10 grow grow VB 39142 3282 11 by by IN 39142 3282 12 accretion accretion NN 39142 3282 13 . . . 39142 3283 1 Each each DT 39142 3283 2 planet planet NN 39142 3283 3 , , , 39142 3283 4 then then RB 39142 3283 5 , , , 39142 3283 6 would would MD 39142 3283 7 clear clear VB 39142 3283 8 up up RP 39142 3283 9 the the DT 39142 3283 10 planetesimals planetesimal NNS 39142 3283 11 of of IN 39142 3283 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3283 13 zone zone NN 39142 3283 14 ; ; : 39142 3283 15 and and CC 39142 3283 16 Moulton Moulton NNP 39142 3283 17 shows show VBZ 39142 3283 18 that that IN 39142 3283 19 this this DT 39142 3283 20 process process NN 39142 3283 21 would would MD 39142 3283 22 give give VB 39142 3283 23 rise rise NN 39142 3283 24 to to IN 39142 3283 25 axial axial JJ 39142 3283 26 revolution revolution NN 39142 3283 27 of of IN 39142 3283 28 the the DT 39142 3283 29 planet planet NN 39142 3283 30 in in IN 39142 3283 31 the the DT 39142 3283 32 same same JJ 39142 3283 33 direction direction NN 39142 3283 34 as as IN 39142 3283 35 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3283 36 orbital orbital JJ 39142 3283 37 revolution revolution NN 39142 3283 38 . . . 39142 3284 1 The the DT 39142 3284 2 eccentricities eccentricity NNS 39142 3284 3 would would MD 39142 3284 4 finally finally RB 39142 3284 5 disappear disappear VB 39142 3284 6 , , , 39142 3284 7 and and CC 39142 3284 8 the the DT 39142 3284 9 entire entire JJ 39142 3284 10 mass mass NN 39142 3284 11 would would MD 39142 3284 12 revolve revolve VB 39142 3284 13 in in IN 39142 3284 14 a a DT 39142 3284 15 nearly nearly RB 39142 3284 16 circular circular JJ 39142 3284 17 orbit orbit NN 39142 3284 18 . . . 39142 3285 1 Rotation rotation NN 39142 3285 2 twists twist VBZ 39142 3285 3 the the DT 39142 3285 4 streams stream NNS 39142 3285 5 into into IN 39142 3285 6 the the DT 39142 3285 7 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3285 8 form form NN 39142 3285 9 , , , 39142 3285 10 and and CC 39142 3285 11 the the DT 39142 3285 12 huge huge JJ 39142 3285 13 amounts amount NNS 39142 3285 14 of of IN 39142 3285 15 wreckage wreckage NN 39142 3285 16 from from IN 39142 3285 17 the the DT 39142 3285 18 near near JJ 39142 3285 19 - - HYPH 39142 3285 20 collision collision NN 39142 3285 21 are be VBP 39142 3285 22 thrown throw VBN 39142 3285 23 into into IN 39142 3285 24 eddies eddy NNS 39142 3285 25 . . . 39142 3286 1 The the DT 39142 3286 2 fragments fragment NNS 39142 3286 3 or or CC 39142 3286 4 particles particle NNS 39142 3286 5 ( ( -LRB- 39142 3286 6 planetesimals planetesimal NNS 39142 3286 7 ) ) -RRB- 39142 3286 8 which which WDT 39142 3286 9 have have VBP 39142 3286 10 given give VBN 39142 3286 11 the the DT 39142 3286 12 name name NN 39142 3286 13 to to IN 39142 3286 14 the the DT 39142 3286 15 theory theory NN 39142 3286 16 , , , 39142 3286 17 begin begin VB 39142 3286 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3286 19 motion motion NN 39142 3286 20 round round IN 39142 3286 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3286 22 central central JJ 39142 3286 23 sun sun NN 39142 3286 24 in in IN 39142 3286 25 elliptical elliptical JJ 39142 3286 26 paths path NNS 39142 3286 27 as as IN 39142 3286 28 required require VBN 39142 3286 29 by by IN 39142 3286 30 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 3286 31 . . . 39142 3287 1 The the DT 39142 3287 2 form form NN 39142 3287 3 of of IN 39142 3287 4 the the DT 39142 3287 5 spiral spiral NN 39142 3287 6 is be VBZ 39142 3287 7 preserved preserve VBN 39142 3287 8 by by IN 39142 3287 9 the the DT 39142 3287 10 orbital orbital JJ 39142 3287 11 motion motion NN 39142 3287 12 of of IN 39142 3287 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3287 14 particles particle NNS 39142 3287 15 . . . 39142 3288 1 There there EX 39142 3288 2 is be VBZ 39142 3288 3 a a DT 39142 3288 4 gradual gradual JJ 39142 3288 5 gathering gathering NN 39142 3288 6 together together RB 39142 3288 7 of of IN 39142 3288 8 the the DT 39142 3288 9 planetesimals planetesimal NNS 39142 3288 10 at at IN 39142 3288 11 points point NNS 39142 3288 12 or or CC 39142 3288 13 nodes node NNS 39142 3288 14 of of IN 39142 3288 15 intersection intersection NN 39142 3288 16 , , , 39142 3288 17 and and CC 39142 3288 18 these these DT 39142 3288 19 become become VBP 39142 3288 20 aggregations aggregation NNS 39142 3288 21 of of IN 39142 3288 22 matter matter NN 39142 3288 23 , , , 39142 3288 24 nuclei nucleus NNS 39142 3288 25 that that WDT 39142 3288 26 will will MD 39142 3288 27 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 3288 28 become become VB 39142 3288 29 planets planet NNS 39142 3288 30 , , , 39142 3288 31 though though IN 39142 3288 32 more more RBR 39142 3288 33 likely likely JJ 39142 3288 34 other other JJ 39142 3288 35 stars star NNS 39142 3288 36 . . . 39142 3289 1 The the DT 39142 3289 2 appulse appulse NN 39142 3289 3 or or CC 39142 3289 4 near near JJ 39142 3289 5 approach approach NN 39142 3289 6 is be VBZ 39142 3289 7 but but CC 39142 3289 8 one one CD 39142 3289 9 of of IN 39142 3289 10 the the DT 39142 3289 11 methods method NNS 39142 3289 12 by by IN 39142 3289 13 which which WDT 39142 3289 14 the the DT 39142 3289 15 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3289 16 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3289 17 may may MD 39142 3289 18 have have VB 39142 3289 19 come come VBN 39142 3289 20 into into IN 39142 3289 21 existence existence NN 39142 3289 22 . . . 39142 3290 1 The the DT 39142 3290 2 planetesimal planetesimal NN 39142 3290 3 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 3290 4 would would MD 39142 3290 5 seem seem VB 39142 3290 6 to to TO 39142 3290 7 account account VB 39142 3290 8 for for IN 39142 3290 9 the the DT 39142 3290 10 formation formation NN 39142 3290 11 of of IN 39142 3290 12 many many JJ 39142 3290 13 of of IN 39142 3290 14 these these DT 39142 3290 15 objects object NNS 39142 3290 16 as as IN 39142 3290 17 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3290 18 see see VBP 39142 3290 19 them -PRON- PRP 39142 3290 20 in in IN 39142 3290 21 the the DT 39142 3290 22 sky sky NN 39142 3290 23 , , , 39142 3290 24 though though IN 39142 3290 25 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 3290 26 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3290 27 is be VBZ 39142 3290 28 hardly hardly RB 39142 3290 29 competent competent JJ 39142 3290 30 to to TO 39142 3290 31 replace replace VB 39142 3290 32 entirely entirely RB 39142 3290 33 the the DT 39142 3290 34 Laplacian laplacian JJ 39142 3290 35 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 3290 36 of of IN 39142 3290 37 the the DT 39142 3290 38 formation formation NN 39142 3290 39 of of IN 39142 3290 40 the the DT 39142 3290 41 solar solar JJ 39142 3290 42 system system NN 39142 3290 43 , , , 39142 3290 44 which which WDT 39142 3290 45 would would MD 39142 3290 46 appear appear VB 39142 3290 47 to to TO 39142 3290 48 be be VB 39142 3290 49 a a DT 39142 3290 50 special special JJ 39142 3290 51 case case NN 39142 3290 52 by by IN 39142 3290 53 itself -PRON- PRP 39142 3290 54 . . . 39142 3291 1 It -PRON- PRP 39142 3291 2 will will MD 39142 3291 3 be be VB 39142 3291 4 observed observe VBN 39142 3291 5 that that IN 39142 3291 6 while while IN 39142 3291 7 the the DT 39142 3291 8 Laplacian laplacian JJ 39142 3291 9 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 3291 10 is be VBZ 39142 3291 11 concerned concern VBN 39142 3291 12 in in IN 39142 3291 13 the the DT 39142 3291 14 main main JJ 39142 3291 15 with with IN 39142 3291 16 the the DT 39142 3291 17 progressive progressive JJ 39142 3291 18 development development NN 39142 3291 19 of of IN 39142 3291 20 the the DT 39142 3291 21 solar solar JJ 39142 3291 22 system system NN 39142 3291 23 , , , 39142 3291 24 and and CC 39142 3291 25 systems system NNS 39142 3291 26 of of IN 39142 3291 27 a a DT 39142 3291 28 like like JJ 39142 3291 29 order order NN 39142 3291 30 surrounding surround VBG 39142 3291 31 other other JJ 39142 3291 32 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3291 33 centers center NNS 39142 3291 34 , , , 39142 3291 35 whose whose WP$ 39142 3291 36 existence existence NN 39142 3291 37 is be VBZ 39142 3291 38 highly highly RB 39142 3291 39 probable probable JJ 39142 3291 40 , , , 39142 3291 41 the the DT 39142 3291 42 origin origin NN 39142 3291 43 and and CC 39142 3291 44 development development NN 39142 3291 45 of of IN 39142 3291 46 the the DT 39142 3291 47 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3291 48 universe universe NN 39142 3291 49 is be VBZ 39142 3291 50 a a DT 39142 3291 51 vaster vaster NN 39142 3291 52 problem problem NN 39142 3291 53 which which WDT 39142 3291 54 can can MD 39142 3291 55 only only RB 39142 3291 56 be be VB 39142 3291 57 undertaken undertake VBN 39142 3291 58 and and CC 39142 3291 59 completed complete VBN 39142 3291 60 in in IN 39142 3291 61 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3291 62 broadest broad JJS 39142 3291 63 bearings bearing NNS 39142 3291 64 when when WRB 39142 3291 65 the the DT 39142 3291 66 structure structure NN 39142 3291 67 of of IN 39142 3291 68 the the DT 39142 3291 69 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3291 70 universe universe NN 39142 3291 71 has have VBZ 39142 3291 72 been be VBN 39142 3291 73 ascertained ascertain VBN 39142 3291 74 . . . 39142 3292 1 Darwin Darwin NNP 39142 3292 2 's 's POS 39142 3292 3 important important JJ 39142 3292 4 investigations investigation NNS 39142 3292 5 in in IN 39142 3292 6 1877 1877 CD 39142 3292 7 - - SYM 39142 3292 8 1878 1878 CD 39142 3292 9 on on IN 39142 3292 10 tidal tidal JJ 39142 3292 11 friction friction NN 39142 3292 12 may may MD 39142 3292 13 be be VB 39142 3292 14 here here RB 39142 3292 15 related relate VBN 39142 3292 16 . . . 39142 3293 1 Before before IN 39142 3293 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3293 3 day day NN 39142 3293 4 acceptance acceptance NN 39142 3293 5 of of IN 39142 3293 6 the the DT 39142 3293 7 ring ring NN 39142 3293 8 - - HYPH 39142 3293 9 theory theory NN 39142 3293 10 of of IN 39142 3293 11 development development NN 39142 3293 12 of of IN 39142 3293 13 the the DT 39142 3293 14 moon moon NN 39142 3293 15 from from IN 39142 3293 16 the the DT 39142 3293 17 earth earth NN 39142 3293 18 had have VBD 39142 3293 19 scarcely scarcely RB 39142 3293 20 been be VBN 39142 3293 21 questioned question VBN 39142 3293 22 ; ; : 39142 3293 23 but but CC 39142 3293 24 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3293 25 recondite recondite JJ 39142 3293 26 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 3293 27 researches research NNS 39142 3293 28 on on IN 39142 3293 29 the the DT 39142 3293 30 tidal tidal JJ 39142 3293 31 reaction reaction NN 39142 3293 32 between between IN 39142 3293 33 a a DT 39142 3293 34 central central JJ 39142 3293 35 yielding yield VBG 39142 3293 36 mass mass NN 39142 3293 37 and and CC 39142 3293 38 a a DT 39142 3293 39 body body NN 39142 3293 40 revolving revolve VBG 39142 3293 41 round round IN 39142 3293 42 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3293 43 brought bring VBD 39142 3293 44 to to TO 39142 3293 45 light light VB 39142 3293 46 the the DT 39142 3293 47 unsuspected unsuspected JJ 39142 3293 48 effect effect NN 39142 3293 49 of of IN 39142 3293 50 tides tide NNS 39142 3293 51 raised raise VBN 39142 3293 52 upon upon IN 39142 3293 53 both both DT 39142 3293 54 bodies body NNS 39142 3293 55 by by IN 39142 3293 56 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3293 57 mutual mutual JJ 39142 3293 58 attraction attraction NN 39142 3293 59 . . . 39142 3294 1 The the DT 39142 3294 2 type type NN 39142 3294 3 of of IN 39142 3294 4 tides tide NNS 39142 3294 5 here here RB 39142 3294 6 meant mean VBN 39142 3294 7 is be VBZ 39142 3294 8 not not RB 39142 3294 9 the the DT 39142 3294 10 usual usual JJ 39142 3294 11 rise rise NN 39142 3294 12 and and CC 39142 3294 13 fall fall NN 39142 3294 14 of of IN 39142 3294 15 the the DT 39142 3294 16 waters water NNS 39142 3294 17 of of IN 39142 3294 18 the the DT 39142 3294 19 ocean ocean NN 39142 3294 20 , , , 39142 3294 21 but but CC 39142 3294 22 primeval primeval NN 39142 3294 23 tides tide NNS 39142 3294 24 in in IN 39142 3294 25 the the DT 39142 3294 26 plastic plastic JJ 39142 3294 27 material material NN 39142 3294 28 of of IN 39142 3294 29 which which WDT 39142 3294 30 the the DT 39142 3294 31 earth earth NN 39142 3294 32 in in IN 39142 3294 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3294 34 early early JJ 39142 3294 35 history history NN 39142 3294 36 was be VBD 39142 3294 37 composed compose VBN 39142 3294 38 . . . 39142 3295 1 The the DT 39142 3295 2 Newtonian newtonian JJ 39142 3295 3 law law NN 39142 3295 4 of of IN 39142 3295 5 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 3295 6 afforded afford VBD 39142 3295 7 a a DT 39142 3295 8 complete complete JJ 39142 3295 9 explanation explanation NN 39142 3295 10 of of IN 39142 3295 11 the the DT 39142 3295 12 rise rise NN 39142 3295 13 and and CC 39142 3295 14 fall fall NN 39142 3295 15 of of IN 39142 3295 16 the the DT 39142 3295 17 waters water NNS 39142 3295 18 of of IN 39142 3295 19 the the DT 39142 3295 20 oceans ocean NNS 39142 3295 21 , , , 39142 3295 22 but but CC 39142 3295 23 as as IN 39142 3295 24 applied apply VBN 39142 3295 25 to to IN 39142 3295 26 the the DT 39142 3295 27 motions motion NNS 39142 3295 28 of of IN 39142 3295 29 planets planet NNS 39142 3295 30 and and CC 39142 3295 31 satellites satellite NNS 39142 3295 32 by by IN 39142 3295 33 the the DT 39142 3295 34 Lagrangian lagrangian JJ 39142 3295 35 formulæ formulæ NN 39142 3295 36 , , , 39142 3295 37 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3295 38 presupposed presuppose VBD 39142 3295 39 that that IN 39142 3295 40 all all PDT 39142 3295 41 these these DT 39142 3295 42 bodies body NNS 39142 3295 43 are be VBP 39142 3295 44 rigid rigid JJ 39142 3295 45 and and CC 39142 3295 46 unyielding unyielding JJ 39142 3295 47 . . . 39142 3296 1 However however RB 39142 3296 2 , , , 39142 3296 3 mutual mutual JJ 39142 3296 4 tides tide NNS 39142 3296 5 of of IN 39142 3296 6 phenomenal phenomenal JJ 39142 3296 7 height height NN 39142 3296 8 in in IN 39142 3296 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3296 10 early early JJ 39142 3296 11 plastic plastic JJ 39142 3296 12 substances substance NNS 39142 3296 13 must must MD 39142 3296 14 have have VB 39142 3296 15 been be VBN 39142 3296 16 a a DT 39142 3296 17 necessary necessary JJ 39142 3296 18 consequence consequence NN 39142 3296 19 of of IN 39142 3296 20 the the DT 39142 3296 21 action action NN 39142 3296 22 of of IN 39142 3296 23 the the DT 39142 3296 24 Newtonian newtonian JJ 39142 3296 25 law law NN 39142 3296 26 , , , 39142 3296 27 and and CC 39142 3296 28 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3296 29 gradually gradually RB 39142 3296 30 drew draw VBD 39142 3296 31 upon upon IN 39142 3296 32 the the DT 39142 3296 33 earth earth NN 39142 3296 34 's 's POS 39142 3296 35 rotational rotational JJ 39142 3296 36 moment moment NN 39142 3296 37 of of IN 39142 3296 38 momentum momentum NN 39142 3296 39 . . . 39142 3297 1 In in IN 39142 3297 2 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3297 3 very very RB 39142 3297 4 early early JJ 39142 3297 5 history history NN 39142 3297 6 , , , 39142 3297 7 before before IN 39142 3297 8 there there EX 39142 3297 9 was be VBD 39142 3297 10 any any DT 39142 3297 11 moon moon NN 39142 3297 12 to to TO 39142 3297 13 produce produce VB 39142 3297 14 tides tide NNS 39142 3297 15 , , , 39142 3297 16 the the DT 39142 3297 17 earth earth NN 39142 3297 18 rotated rotate VBD 39142 3297 19 much much RB 39142 3297 20 more more RBR 39142 3297 21 rapidly rapidly RB 39142 3297 22 , , , 39142 3297 23 that that RB 39142 3297 24 is is RB 39142 3297 25 , , , 39142 3297 26 the the DT 39142 3297 27 day day NN 39142 3297 28 was be VBD 39142 3297 29 very very RB 39142 3297 30 much much RB 39142 3297 31 shorter short JJR 39142 3297 32 than than IN 39142 3297 33 now now RB 39142 3297 34 , , , 39142 3297 35 probably probably RB 39142 3297 36 about about RB 39142 3297 37 five five CD 39142 3297 38 or or CC 39142 3297 39 six six CD 39142 3297 40 hours hour NNS 39142 3297 41 long long RB 39142 3297 42 . . . 39142 3298 1 And and CC 39142 3298 2 with with IN 39142 3298 3 the the DT 39142 3298 4 rapid rapid JJ 39142 3298 5 whirling whirling NN 39142 3298 6 , , , 39142 3298 7 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3298 8 was be VBD 39142 3298 9 not not RB 39142 3298 10 a a DT 39142 3298 11 Laplacian laplacian JJ 39142 3298 12 ring ring NN 39142 3298 13 that that WDT 39142 3298 14 was be VBD 39142 3298 15 detached detach VBN 39142 3298 16 , , , 39142 3298 17 but but CC 39142 3298 18 a a DT 39142 3298 19 huge huge JJ 39142 3298 20 globular globular JJ 39142 3298 21 mass mass NN 39142 3298 22 was be VBD 39142 3298 23 separated separate VBN 39142 3298 24 from from IN 39142 3298 25 the the DT 39142 3298 26 plastic plastic JJ 39142 3298 27 earth earth NN 39142 3298 28 's 's POS 39142 3298 29 equator equator NN 39142 3298 30 . . . 39142 3299 1 Darwin Darwin NNP 39142 3299 2 shows show VBZ 39142 3299 3 that that IN 39142 3299 4 the the DT 39142 3299 5 gravitative gravitative JJ 39142 3299 6 interaction interaction NN 39142 3299 7 of of IN 39142 3299 8 the the DT 39142 3299 9 two two CD 39142 3299 10 bodies body NNS 39142 3299 11 immediately immediately RB 39142 3299 12 began begin VBD 39142 3299 13 to to TO 39142 3299 14 raise raise VB 39142 3299 15 tides tide NNS 39142 3299 16 of of IN 39142 3299 17 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 39142 3299 18 height height NN 39142 3299 19 in in IN 39142 3299 20 both both DT 39142 3299 21 , , , 39142 3299 22 therefore therefore RB 39142 3299 23 tending tend VBG 39142 3299 24 to to TO 39142 3299 25 slow slow VB 39142 3299 26 down down RP 39142 3299 27 the the DT 39142 3299 28 rotational rotational JJ 39142 3299 29 periods period NNS 39142 3299 30 of of IN 39142 3299 31 both both DT 39142 3299 32 bodies body NNS 39142 3299 33 . . . 39142 3300 1 Action action NN 39142 3300 2 and and CC 39142 3300 3 reaction reaction NN 39142 3300 4 being be VBG 39142 3300 5 equal equal JJ 39142 3300 6 , , , 39142 3300 7 the the DT 39142 3300 8 reaction reaction NN 39142 3300 9 at at IN 39142 3300 10 once once RB 39142 3300 11 began begin VBD 39142 3300 12 driving drive VBG 39142 3300 13 the the DT 39142 3300 14 moon moon NN 39142 3300 15 away away RB 39142 3300 16 from from IN 39142 3300 17 the the DT 39142 3300 18 earth earth NN 39142 3300 19 and and CC 39142 3300 20 thereby thereby RB 39142 3300 21 lengthening lengthen VBG 39142 3300 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3300 23 period period NN 39142 3300 24 of of IN 39142 3300 25 revolution revolution NN 39142 3300 26 . . . 39142 3301 1 So so RB 39142 3301 2 small small JJ 39142 3301 3 was be VBD 39142 3301 4 the the DT 39142 3301 5 mass mass NN 39142 3301 6 of of IN 39142 3301 7 the the DT 39142 3301 8 moon moon NN 39142 3301 9 and and CC 39142 3301 10 so so RB 39142 3301 11 near near RB 39142 3301 12 was be VBD 39142 3301 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3301 14 to to IN 39142 3301 15 the the DT 39142 3301 16 earth earth NN 39142 3301 17 , , , 39142 3301 18 that that IN 39142 3301 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3301 20 relative relative JJ 39142 3301 21 rotational rotational JJ 39142 3301 22 energy energy NN 39142 3301 23 was be VBD 39142 3301 24 in in IN 39142 3301 25 time time NN 39142 3301 26 completely completely RB 39142 3301 27 used use VBN 39142 3301 28 up up RP 39142 3301 29 , , , 39142 3301 30 and and CC 39142 3301 31 the the DT 39142 3301 32 moon moon NN 39142 3301 33 has have VBZ 39142 3301 34 ever ever RB 39142 3301 35 since since IN 39142 3301 36 turned turn VBN 39142 3301 37 her -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3301 38 constant constant JJ 39142 3301 39 face face NN 39142 3301 40 toward toward IN 39142 3301 41 us -PRON- PRP 39142 3301 42 . . . 39142 3302 1 Tides tide NNS 39142 3302 2 of of IN 39142 3302 3 sun sun NN 39142 3302 4 and and CC 39142 3302 5 moon moon NN 39142 3302 6 in in IN 39142 3302 7 the the DT 39142 3302 8 plastic plastic JJ 39142 3302 9 earth earth NN 39142 3302 10 , , , 39142 3302 11 acting act VBG 39142 3302 12 through through IN 39142 3302 13 the the DT 39142 3302 14 ages age NNS 39142 3302 15 , , , 39142 3302 16 slowed slow VBD 39142 3302 17 down down RP 39142 3302 18 the the DT 39142 3302 19 earth earth NN 39142 3302 20 's 's POS 39142 3302 21 rotation rotation NN 39142 3302 22 to to IN 39142 3302 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3302 24 present present JJ 39142 3302 25 period period NN 39142 3302 26 , , , 39142 3302 27 or or CC 39142 3302 28 the the DT 39142 3302 29 length length NN 39142 3302 30 of of IN 39142 3302 31 the the DT 39142 3302 32 day day NN 39142 3302 33 . . . 39142 3303 1 Moulton Moulton NNP 39142 3303 2 , , , 39142 3303 3 however however RB 39142 3303 4 , , , 39142 3303 5 has have VBZ 39142 3303 6 investigated investigate VBN 39142 3303 7 the the DT 39142 3303 8 tidal tidal JJ 39142 3303 9 theory theory NN 39142 3303 10 of of IN 39142 3303 11 the the DT 39142 3303 12 origin origin NN 39142 3303 13 of of IN 39142 3303 14 the the DT 39142 3303 15 moon moon NN 39142 3303 16 in in IN 39142 3303 17 the the DT 39142 3303 18 light light NN 39142 3303 19 of of IN 39142 3303 20 the the DT 39142 3303 21 planetesimal planetesimal NN 39142 3303 22 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 3303 23 , , , 39142 3303 24 concluding conclude VBG 39142 3303 25 that that IN 39142 3303 26 the the DT 39142 3303 27 moon moon NN 39142 3303 28 never never RB 39142 3303 29 was be VBD 39142 3303 30 part part NN 39142 3303 31 of of IN 39142 3303 32 the the DT 39142 3303 33 earth earth NN 39142 3303 34 and and CC 39142 3303 35 separated separate VBD 39142 3303 36 therefrom therefrom NN 39142 3303 37 by by IN 39142 3303 38 too too RB 39142 3303 39 rapid rapid JJ 39142 3303 40 rotation rotation NN 39142 3303 41 of of IN 39142 3303 42 the the DT 39142 3303 43 earth earth NN 39142 3303 44 , , , 39142 3303 45 but but CC 39142 3303 46 that that IN 39142 3303 47 the the DT 39142 3303 48 distance distance NN 39142 3303 49 of of IN 39142 3303 50 the the DT 39142 3303 51 two two CD 39142 3303 52 bodies body NNS 39142 3303 53 has have VBZ 39142 3303 54 always always RB 39142 3303 55 been be VBN 39142 3303 56 the the DT 39142 3303 57 same same JJ 39142 3303 58 as as IN 39142 3303 59 now now RB 39142 3303 60 . . . 39142 3304 1 The the DT 39142 3304 2 more more RBR 39142 3304 3 massive massive JJ 39142 3304 4 earth earth NN 39142 3304 5 has have VBZ 39142 3304 6 in in IN 39142 3304 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3304 8 development development NN 39142 3304 9 throughout throughout IN 39142 3304 10 time time NN 39142 3304 11 robbed rob VBD 39142 3304 12 the the DT 39142 3304 13 less less RBR 39142 3304 14 massive massive JJ 39142 3304 15 moon moon NN 39142 3304 16 in in IN 39142 3304 17 the the DT 39142 3304 18 gradual gradual JJ 39142 3304 19 process process NN 39142 3304 20 of of IN 39142 3304 21 accretion accretion NN 39142 3304 22 . . . 39142 3305 1 So so RB 39142 3305 2 the the DT 39142 3305 3 moon moon NN 39142 3305 4 has have VBZ 39142 3305 5 never never RB 39142 3305 6 acquired acquire VBN 39142 3305 7 either either CC 39142 3305 8 an an DT 39142 3305 9 ocean ocean NN 39142 3305 10 or or CC 39142 3305 11 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 3305 12 , , , 39142 3305 13 and and CC 39142 3305 14 this this DT 39142 3305 15 view view NN 39142 3305 16 is be VBZ 39142 3305 17 acceptable acceptable JJ 39142 3305 18 to to IN 39142 3305 19 geologists geologist NNS 39142 3305 20 who who WP 39142 3305 21 have have VBP 39142 3305 22 studied study VBN 39142 3305 23 the the DT 39142 3305 24 sheer sheer JJ 39142 3305 25 lunar lunar JJ 39142 3305 26 surface surface NN 39142 3305 27 , , , 39142 3305 28 Shaler Shaler NNP 39142 3305 29 of of IN 39142 3305 30 Harvard Harvard NNP 39142 3305 31 among among IN 39142 3305 32 the the DT 39142 3305 33 first first JJ 39142 3305 34 , , , 39142 3305 35 and and CC 39142 3305 36 laid lay VBD 39142 3305 37 the the DT 39142 3305 38 foundations foundation NNS 39142 3305 39 for for IN 39142 3305 40 a a DT 39142 3305 41 separate separate JJ 39142 3305 42 science science NN 39142 3305 43 of of IN 39142 3305 44 selenology selenology NN 39142 3305 45 . . . 39142 3306 1 Tidal tidal JJ 39142 3306 2 friction friction NN 39142 3306 3 has have VBZ 39142 3306 4 also also RB 39142 3306 5 been be VBN 39142 3306 6 operant operant JJ 39142 3306 7 in in IN 39142 3306 8 producing produce VBG 39142 3306 9 sun sun NN 39142 3306 10 - - HYPH 39142 3306 11 raised raise VBN 39142 3306 12 tides tide NNS 39142 3306 13 upon upon IN 39142 3306 14 the the DT 39142 3306 15 early early JJ 39142 3306 16 plastic plastic JJ 39142 3306 17 substances substance NNS 39142 3306 18 which which WDT 39142 3306 19 composed compose VBD 39142 3306 20 the the DT 39142 3306 21 planets planet NNS 39142 3306 22 : : : 39142 3306 23 more more RBR 39142 3306 24 powerfully powerfully RB 39142 3306 25 in in IN 39142 3306 26 the the DT 39142 3306 27 case case NN 39142 3306 28 of of IN 39142 3306 29 planets planet NNS 39142 3306 30 nearer nearer IN 39142 3306 31 the the DT 39142 3306 32 sun sun NN 39142 3306 33 ; ; : 39142 3306 34 less less RBR 39142 3306 35 rapidly rapidly RB 39142 3306 36 if if IN 39142 3306 37 the the DT 39142 3306 38 planet planet NN 39142 3306 39 's 's POS 39142 3306 40 mass mass NN 39142 3306 41 is be VBZ 39142 3306 42 large large JJ 39142 3306 43 ; ; : 39142 3306 44 also also RB 39142 3306 45 less less RBR 39142 3306 46 completely completely RB 39142 3306 47 if if IN 39142 3306 48 the the DT 39142 3306 49 planet planet NN 39142 3306 50 has have VBZ 39142 3306 51 solidified solidify VBN 39142 3306 52 earlier early RBR 39142 3306 53 on on IN 39142 3306 54 account account NN 39142 3306 55 of of IN 39142 3306 56 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3306 57 small small JJ 39142 3306 58 dimensions dimension NNS 39142 3306 59 . . . 39142 3307 1 So so RB 39142 3307 2 Darwin Darwin NNP 39142 3307 3 would would MD 39142 3307 4 account account VB 39142 3307 5 for for IN 39142 3307 6 the the DT 39142 3307 7 present present JJ 39142 3307 8 rotation rotation NN 39142 3307 9 periods period NNS 39142 3307 10 of of IN 39142 3307 11 all all PDT 39142 3307 12 the the DT 39142 3307 13 planets planet NNS 39142 3307 14 : : : 39142 3307 15 both both CC 39142 3307 16 Mercury Mercury NNP 39142 3307 17 and and CC 39142 3307 18 Venus Venus NNP 39142 3307 19 powerfully powerfully RB 39142 3307 20 acted act VBD 39142 3307 21 on on IN 39142 3307 22 by by IN 39142 3307 23 the the DT 39142 3307 24 sun sun NN 39142 3307 25 on on IN 39142 3307 26 account account NN 39142 3307 27 of of IN 39142 3307 28 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3307 29 nearness nearness NN 39142 3307 30 to to IN 39142 3307 31 him -PRON- PRP 39142 3307 32 , , , 39142 3307 33 and and CC 39142 3307 34 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3307 35 rotational rotational JJ 39142 3307 36 energy energy NN 39142 3307 37 completely completely RB 39142 3307 38 exhausted exhaust VBN 39142 3307 39 , , , 39142 3307 40 so so IN 39142 3307 41 that that IN 39142 3307 42 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3307 43 now now RB 39142 3307 44 and and CC 39142 3307 45 for for IN 39142 3307 46 all all DT 39142 3307 47 time time NN 39142 3307 48 turn turn VB 39142 3307 49 a a DT 39142 3307 50 constant constant JJ 39142 3307 51 face face NN 39142 3307 52 toward toward IN 39142 3307 53 him -PRON- PRP 39142 3307 54 , , , 39142 3307 55 as as IN 39142 3307 56 the the DT 39142 3307 57 moon moon NN 39142 3307 58 does do VBZ 39142 3307 59 to to IN 39142 3307 60 the the DT 39142 3307 61 earth earth NN 39142 3307 62 ; ; : 39142 3307 63 earth earth NN 39142 3307 64 and and CC 39142 3307 65 possibly possibly RB 39142 3307 66 Mars Mars NNP 39142 3307 67 even even RB 39142 3307 68 yet yet RB 39142 3307 69 undergoing undergo VBG 39142 3307 70 a a DT 39142 3307 71 very very RB 39142 3307 72 slight slight JJ 39142 3307 73 lengthening lengthening NN 39142 3307 74 of of IN 39142 3307 75 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3307 76 day day NN 39142 3307 77 ; ; : 39142 3307 78 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 39142 3307 79 and and CC 39142 3307 80 Saturn Saturn NNP 39142 3307 81 , , , 39142 3307 82 also also RB 39142 3307 83 Uranus uranus NN 39142 3307 84 and and CC 39142 3307 85 probably probably RB 39142 3307 86 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 3307 87 , , , 39142 3307 88 still still RB 39142 3307 89 exhibiting exhibit VBG 39142 3307 90 relatively relatively RB 39142 3307 91 swift swift JJ 39142 3307 92 axial axial JJ 39142 3307 93 rotation rotation NN 39142 3307 94 , , , 39142 3307 95 because because IN 39142 3307 96 of of IN 39142 3307 97 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3307 98 great great JJ 39142 3307 99 mass mass NN 39142 3307 100 and and CC 39142 3307 101 great great JJ 39142 3307 102 original original JJ 39142 3307 103 moment moment NN 39142 3307 104 of of IN 39142 3307 105 momentum momentum NN 39142 3307 106 , , , 39142 3307 107 and and CC 39142 3307 108 also also RB 39142 3307 109 by by IN 39142 3307 110 reason reason NN 39142 3307 111 of of IN 39142 3307 112 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3307 113 vast vast JJ 39142 3307 114 distances distance NNS 39142 3307 115 from from IN 39142 3307 116 the the DT 39142 3307 117 central central JJ 39142 3307 118 tide tide NN 39142 3307 119 - - HYPH 39142 3307 120 raising raise VBG 39142 3307 121 body body NN 39142 3307 122 , , , 39142 3307 123 the the DT 39142 3307 124 sun sun NN 39142 3307 125 . . . 39142 3308 1 By by IN 39142 3308 2 applying apply VBG 39142 3308 3 to to IN 39142 3308 4 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3308 5 systems system NNS 39142 3308 6 the the DT 39142 3308 7 principles principle NNS 39142 3308 8 developed develop VBN 39142 3308 9 by by IN 39142 3308 10 Darwin Darwin NNP 39142 3308 11 , , , 39142 3308 12 See See NNP 39142 3308 13 accounted account VBD 39142 3308 14 for for IN 39142 3308 15 the the DT 39142 3308 16 fact fact NN 39142 3308 17 , , , 39142 3308 18 to to TO 39142 3308 19 which which WDT 39142 3308 20 he -PRON- PRP 39142 3308 21 was be VBD 39142 3308 22 the the DT 39142 3308 23 first first JJ 39142 3308 24 to to TO 39142 3308 25 direct direct VB 39142 3308 26 attention attention NN 39142 3308 27 , , , 39142 3308 28 that that IN 39142 3308 29 the the DT 39142 3308 30 great great JJ 39142 3308 31 eccentricity eccentricity NN 39142 3308 32 of of IN 39142 3308 33 the the DT 39142 3308 34 binary binary JJ 39142 3308 35 orbits orbit NNS 39142 3308 36 is be VBZ 39142 3308 37 a a DT 39142 3308 38 necessary necessary JJ 39142 3308 39 result result NN 39142 3308 40 of of IN 39142 3308 41 the the DT 39142 3308 42 secular secular JJ 39142 3308 43 action action NN 39142 3308 44 of of IN 39142 3308 45 tidal tidal JJ 39142 3308 46 friction friction NN 39142 3308 47 . . . 39142 3309 1 The the DT 39142 3309 2 double double JJ 39142 3309 3 stars star NNS 39142 3309 4 , , , 39142 3309 5 then then RB 39142 3309 6 , , , 39142 3309 7 were be VBD 39142 3309 8 double double JJ 39142 3309 9 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3309 10 , , , 39142 3309 11 originally originally RB 39142 3309 12 single single JJ 39142 3309 13 , , , 39142 3309 14 but but CC 39142 3309 15 separated separate VBN 39142 3309 16 by by IN 39142 3309 17 a a DT 39142 3309 18 process process NN 39142 3309 19 allied ally VBN 39142 3309 20 to to IN 39142 3309 21 that that DT 39142 3309 22 known know VBN 39142 3309 23 as as IN 39142 3309 24 " " `` 39142 3309 25 fission fission NN 39142 3309 26 " " '' 39142 3309 27 in in IN 39142 3309 28 protozoans protozoan NNS 39142 3309 29 . . . 39142 3310 1 Indeed indeed RB 39142 3310 2 , , , 39142 3310 3 Poincaré Poincaré NNP 39142 3310 4 proved prove VBD 39142 3310 5 mathematically mathematically RB 39142 3310 6 that that IN 39142 3310 7 a a DT 39142 3310 8 swiftly swiftly RB 39142 3310 9 revolving revolving JJ 39142 3310 10 nebula nebula NN 39142 3310 11 , , , 39142 3310 12 in in IN 39142 3310 13 consequence consequence NN 39142 3310 14 of of IN 39142 3310 15 contraction contraction NN 39142 3310 16 , , , 39142 3310 17 first first JJ 39142 3310 18 undergoes undergo VBZ 39142 3310 19 distortion distortion NN 39142 3310 20 into into IN 39142 3310 21 a a DT 39142 3310 22 pear pear NN 39142 3310 23 - - HYPH 39142 3310 24 shaped shape VBN 39142 3310 25 or or CC 39142 3310 26 hour hour NN 39142 3310 27 - - HYPH 39142 3310 28 glass glass NN 39142 3310 29 figure figure NN 39142 3310 30 , , , 39142 3310 31 the the DT 39142 3310 32 two two CD 39142 3310 33 masses masse NNS 39142 3310 34 ultimately ultimately RB 39142 3310 35 separating separate VBG 39142 3310 36 entirely entirely RB 39142 3310 37 ; ; : 39142 3310 38 and and CC 39142 3310 39 the the DT 39142 3310 40 observations observation NNS 39142 3310 41 of of IN 39142 3310 42 the the DT 39142 3310 43 Herschels Herschels NNPS 39142 3310 44 , , , 39142 3310 45 Lord Lord NNP 39142 3310 46 Rosse Rosse NNP 39142 3310 47 and and CC 39142 3310 48 others other NNS 39142 3310 49 , , , 39142 3310 50 with with IN 39142 3310 51 the the DT 39142 3310 52 recent recent JJ 39142 3310 53 photographic photographic JJ 39142 3310 54 plates plate NNS 39142 3310 55 at at IN 39142 3310 56 the the DT 39142 3310 57 Lick Lick NNP 39142 3310 58 and and CC 39142 3310 59 Mount Mount NNP 39142 3310 60 Wilson Wilson NNP 39142 3310 61 observatories observatory NNS 39142 3310 62 , , , 39142 3310 63 afford afford VB 39142 3310 64 immediate immediate JJ 39142 3310 65 confirmation confirmation NN 39142 3310 66 in in IN 39142 3310 67 a a DT 39142 3310 68 multitude multitude NN 39142 3310 69 of of IN 39142 3310 70 double double JJ 39142 3310 71 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3310 72 , , , 39142 3310 73 widely widely RB 39142 3310 74 scattered scatter VBN 39142 3310 75 throughout throughout IN 39142 3310 76 the the DT 39142 3310 77 nebular nebular JJ 39142 3310 78 regions region NNS 39142 3310 79 of of IN 39142 3310 80 the the DT 39142 3310 81 heavens heavens NNPS 39142 3310 82 . . . 39142 3311 1 Jeans Jeans NNPS 39142 3311 2 of of IN 39142 3311 3 Cambridge Cambridge NNP 39142 3311 4 , , , 39142 3311 5 England England NNP 39142 3311 6 , , , 39142 3311 7 among among IN 39142 3311 8 the the DT 39142 3311 9 most most RBS 39142 3311 10 recent recent JJ 39142 3311 11 of of IN 39142 3311 12 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 3311 13 investigators investigator NNS 39142 3311 14 of of IN 39142 3311 15 the the DT 39142 3311 16 cosmogony cosmogony NN 39142 3311 17 , , , 39142 3311 18 balances balance VBZ 39142 3311 19 the the DT 39142 3311 20 advantages advantage NNS 39142 3311 21 and and CC 39142 3311 22 disadvantages disadvantage NNS 39142 3311 23 of of IN 39142 3311 24 the the DT 39142 3311 25 differing differ VBG 39142 3311 26 cosmogonic cosmogonic JJ 39142 3311 27 systems system NNS 39142 3311 28 as as IN 39142 3311 29 follows follow VBZ 39142 3311 30 , , , 39142 3311 31 in in IN 39142 3311 32 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3311 33 " " `` 39142 3311 34 Problems problem NNS 39142 3311 35 of of IN 39142 3311 36 Cosmogony Cosmogony NNP 39142 3311 37 and and CC 39142 3311 38 Stellar Stellar NNP 39142 3311 39 Dynamics Dynamics NNPS 39142 3311 40 " " '' 39142 3311 41 : : : 39142 3311 42 " " `` 39142 3311 43 Some some DT 39142 3311 44 hundreds hundred NNS 39142 3311 45 of of IN 39142 3311 46 millions million NNS 39142 3311 47 of of IN 39142 3311 48 years year NNS 39142 3311 49 ago ago RB 39142 3311 50 all all PDT 39142 3311 51 the the DT 39142 3311 52 stars star NNS 39142 3311 53 within within IN 39142 3311 54 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3311 55 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 3311 56 universe universe NN 39142 3311 57 formed form VBD 39142 3311 58 a a DT 39142 3311 59 single single JJ 39142 3311 60 mass mass NN 39142 3311 61 of of IN 39142 3311 62 excessively excessively RB 39142 3311 63 tenuous tenuous JJ 39142 3311 64 gas gas NN 39142 3311 65 in in IN 39142 3311 66 slow slow JJ 39142 3311 67 rotation rotation NN 39142 3311 68 . . . 39142 3312 1 As as IN 39142 3312 2 imagined imagine VBN 39142 3312 3 by by IN 39142 3312 4 Laplace Laplace NNP 39142 3312 5 , , , 39142 3312 6 this this DT 39142 3312 7 mass mass NN 39142 3312 8 contracted contract VBD 39142 3312 9 owing owing NN 39142 3312 10 to to IN 39142 3312 11 loss loss NN 39142 3312 12 of of IN 39142 3312 13 energy energy NN 39142 3312 14 by by IN 39142 3312 15 radiation radiation NN 39142 3312 16 , , , 39142 3312 17 and and CC 39142 3312 18 so so RB 39142 3312 19 increased increase VBD 39142 3312 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3312 21 angular angular JJ 39142 3312 22 velocity velocity NN 39142 3312 23 until until IN 39142 3312 24 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3312 25 assumed assume VBD 39142 3312 26 a a DT 39142 3312 27 lenticular lenticular JJ 39142 3312 28 shape shape NN 39142 3312 29 .... .... . 39142 3312 30 After after IN 39142 3312 31 this this DT 39142 3312 32 , , , 39142 3312 33 further further JJ 39142 3312 34 contraction contraction NN 39142 3312 35 was be VBD 39142 3312 36 a a DT 39142 3312 37 sheer sheer JJ 39142 3312 38 mathematical mathematical JJ 39142 3312 39 impossibility impossibility NN 39142 3312 40 and and CC 39142 3312 41 the the DT 39142 3312 42 system system NN 39142 3312 43 had have VBD 39142 3312 44 to to TO 39142 3312 45 expand expand VB 39142 3312 46 . . . 39142 3313 1 The the DT 39142 3313 2 mechanism mechanism NN 39142 3313 3 of of IN 39142 3313 4 expansion expansion NN 39142 3313 5 was be VBD 39142 3313 6 provided provide VBN 39142 3313 7 by by IN 39142 3313 8 matter matter NN 39142 3313 9 being be VBG 39142 3313 10 thrown throw VBN 39142 3313 11 off off RP 39142 3313 12 from from IN 39142 3313 13 the the DT 39142 3313 14 sharp sharp JJ 39142 3313 15 edge edge NN 39142 3313 16 of of IN 39142 3313 17 the the DT 39142 3313 18 lenticular lenticular NN 39142 3313 19 figure figure NN 39142 3313 20 , , , 39142 3313 21 the the DT 39142 3313 22 lenticular lenticular NN 39142 3313 23 center center NN 39142 3313 24 now now RB 39142 3313 25 forming form VBG 39142 3313 26 the the DT 39142 3313 27 nucleus nucleus NN 39142 3313 28 , , , 39142 3313 29 and and CC 39142 3313 30 the the DT 39142 3313 31 thrown throw VBN 39142 3313 32 - - HYPH 39142 3313 33 off off RP 39142 3313 34 matter matter NN 39142 3313 35 forming form VBG 39142 3313 36 the the DT 39142 3313 37 arms arm NNS 39142 3313 38 , , , 39142 3313 39 of of IN 39142 3313 40 a a DT 39142 3313 41 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3313 42 nebula nebula NN 39142 3313 43 of of IN 39142 3313 44 the the DT 39142 3313 45 normal normal JJ 39142 3313 46 type type NN 39142 3313 47 . . . 39142 3314 1 The the DT 39142 3314 2 long long JJ 39142 3314 3 filaments filament NNS 39142 3314 4 of of IN 39142 3314 5 matter matter NN 39142 3314 6 which which WDT 39142 3314 7 constituted constitute VBD 39142 3314 8 the the DT 39142 3314 9 arms arm NNS 39142 3314 10 , , , 39142 3314 11 being be VBG 39142 3314 12 gravitationally gravitationally RB 39142 3314 13 unstable unstable JJ 39142 3314 14 , , , 39142 3314 15 first first RB 39142 3314 16 formed form VBN 39142 3314 17 into into IN 39142 3314 18 chains chain NNS 39142 3314 19 of of IN 39142 3314 20 condensation condensation NN 39142 3314 21 about about IN 39142 3314 22 nuclei nucleus NNS 39142 3314 23 , , , 39142 3314 24 and and CC 39142 3314 25 ultimately ultimately RB 39142 3314 26 formed form VBD 39142 3314 27 detached detached JJ 39142 3314 28 masses masse NNS 39142 3314 29 of of IN 39142 3314 30 gas gas NN 39142 3314 31 . . . 39142 3315 1 With with IN 39142 3315 2 continued continued JJ 39142 3315 3 shrinkage shrinkage NN 39142 3315 4 , , , 39142 3315 5 the the DT 39142 3315 6 temperature temperature NN 39142 3315 7 of of IN 39142 3315 8 these these DT 39142 3315 9 masses masse NNS 39142 3315 10 increased increase VBD 39142 3315 11 until until IN 39142 3315 12 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3315 13 attained attain VBD 39142 3315 14 to to TO 39142 3315 15 incandescence incandescence NN 39142 3315 16 , , , 39142 3315 17 and and CC 39142 3315 18 shone shine VBD 39142 3315 19 as as IN 39142 3315 20 luminous luminous JJ 39142 3315 21 stars star NNS 39142 3315 22 . . . 39142 3316 1 At at IN 39142 3316 2 the the DT 39142 3316 3 same same JJ 39142 3316 4 time time NN 39142 3316 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3316 6 velocity velocity NN 39142 3316 7 of of IN 39142 3316 8 rotation rotation NN 39142 3316 9 increased increase VBD 39142 3316 10 until until IN 39142 3316 11 a a DT 39142 3316 12 large large JJ 39142 3316 13 proportion proportion NN 39142 3316 14 of of IN 39142 3316 15 them -PRON- PRP 39142 3316 16 broke break VBD 39142 3316 17 up up RP 39142 3316 18 by by IN 39142 3316 19 fission fission NN 39142 3316 20 into into IN 39142 3316 21 binary binary JJ 39142 3316 22 systems system NNS 39142 3316 23 . . . 39142 3317 1 The the DT 39142 3317 2 majority majority NN 39142 3317 3 of of IN 39142 3317 4 the the DT 39142 3317 5 stars star NNS 39142 3317 6 broke break VBD 39142 3317 7 away away RB 39142 3317 8 from from IN 39142 3317 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3317 10 neighbors neighbor NNS 39142 3317 11 and and CC 39142 3317 12 so so RB 39142 3317 13 formed form VBD 39142 3317 14 a a DT 39142 3317 15 cluster cluster NN 39142 3317 16 of of IN 39142 3317 17 irregularly irregularly RB 39142 3317 18 moving move VBG 39142 3317 19 stars star NNS 39142 3317 20 -- -- : 39142 3317 21 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3317 22 present present JJ 39142 3317 23 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 3317 24 universe universe NN 39142 3317 25 , , , 39142 3317 26 in in IN 39142 3317 27 which which WDT 39142 3317 28 the the DT 39142 3317 29 flattened flattened JJ 39142 3317 30 shape shape NN 39142 3317 31 of of IN 39142 3317 32 the the DT 39142 3317 33 original original JJ 39142 3317 34 nebula nebula NN 39142 3317 35 may may MD 39142 3317 36 still still RB 39142 3317 37 be be VB 39142 3317 38 traced trace VBN 39142 3317 39 in in IN 39142 3317 40 the the DT 39142 3317 41 concentration concentration NN 39142 3317 42 about about IN 39142 3317 43 the the DT 39142 3317 44 Galactic galactic JJ 39142 3317 45 plane plane NN 39142 3317 46 , , , 39142 3317 47 while while IN 39142 3317 48 the the DT 39142 3317 49 original original JJ 39142 3317 50 motion motion NN 39142 3317 51 along along IN 39142 3317 52 the the DT 39142 3317 53 nebular nebular JJ 39142 3317 54 arms arm NNS 39142 3317 55 still still RB 39142 3317 56 persists persist VBZ 39142 3317 57 in in IN 39142 3317 58 the the DT 39142 3317 59 form form NN 39142 3317 60 of of IN 39142 3317 61 ' ' `` 39142 3317 62 star star NN 39142 3317 63 - - HYPH 39142 3317 64 streaming streaming NN 39142 3317 65 . . . 39142 3317 66 ' ' '' 39142 3318 1 In in IN 39142 3318 2 some some DT 39142 3318 3 cases case NNS 39142 3318 4 a a DT 39142 3318 5 pair pair NN 39142 3318 6 or or CC 39142 3318 7 small small JJ 39142 3318 8 group group NN 39142 3318 9 of of IN 39142 3318 10 stars star NNS 39142 3318 11 failed fail VBD 39142 3318 12 to to TO 39142 3318 13 get get VB 39142 3318 14 clear clear JJ 39142 3318 15 of of IN 39142 3318 16 one one CD 39142 3318 17 another another DT 39142 3318 18 's 's POS 39142 3318 19 gravitational gravitational JJ 39142 3318 20 attractions attraction NNS 39142 3318 21 and and CC 39142 3318 22 remain remain VBP 39142 3318 23 describing describing JJ 39142 3318 24 orbits orbit NNS 39142 3318 25 about about IN 39142 3318 26 one one CD 39142 3318 27 another another DT 39142 3318 28 as as IN 39142 3318 29 wide wide JJ 39142 3318 30 binaries binary NNS 39142 3318 31 or or CC 39142 3318 32 multiple multiple JJ 39142 3318 33 stars star NNS 39142 3318 34 . . . 39142 3319 1 The the DT 39142 3319 2 stars star NNS 39142 3319 3 which which WDT 39142 3319 4 were be VBD 39142 3319 5 formed form VBN 39142 3319 6 last last JJ 39142 3319 7 , , , 39142 3319 8 the the DT 39142 3319 9 present present JJ 39142 3319 10 B b NN 39142 3319 11 - - HYPH 39142 3319 12 type type NN 39142 3319 13 stars star NNS 39142 3319 14 , , , 39142 3319 15 have have VBP 39142 3319 16 been be VBN 39142 3319 17 unusually unusually RB 39142 3319 18 immune immune JJ 39142 3319 19 from from IN 39142 3319 20 disturbance disturbance NN 39142 3319 21 by by IN 39142 3319 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3319 23 neighbors neighbor NNS 39142 3319 24 , , , 39142 3319 25 partly partly RB 39142 3319 26 because because IN 39142 3319 27 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3319 28 were be VBD 39142 3319 29 born bear VBN 39142 3319 30 when when WRB 39142 3319 31 adjacent adjacent JJ 39142 3319 32 stars star NNS 39142 3319 33 had have VBD 39142 3319 34 almost almost RB 39142 3319 35 ceased cease VBN 39142 3319 36 to to TO 39142 3319 37 interfere interfere VB 39142 3319 38 with with IN 39142 3319 39 one one CD 39142 3319 40 another another DT 39142 3319 41 , , , 39142 3319 42 partly partly RB 39142 3319 43 because because IN 39142 3319 44 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3319 45 exceptionally exceptionally RB 39142 3319 46 large large JJ 39142 3319 47 mass mass NN 39142 3319 48 minimized minimize VBD 39142 3319 49 the the DT 39142 3319 50 effect effect NN 39142 3319 51 of of IN 39142 3319 52 such such JJ 39142 3319 53 interference interference NN 39142 3319 54 as as IN 39142 3319 55 may may MD 39142 3319 56 have have VB 39142 3319 57 occurred occur VBN 39142 3319 58 ; ; : 39142 3319 59 consequently consequently RB 39142 3319 60 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3319 61 remain remain VBP 39142 3319 62 moving move VBG 39142 3319 63 in in IN 39142 3319 64 the the DT 39142 3319 65 plane plane NN 39142 3319 66 in in IN 39142 3319 67 which which WDT 39142 3319 68 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3319 69 were be VBD 39142 3319 70 formed form VBN 39142 3319 71 , , , 39142 3319 72 many many JJ 39142 3319 73 of of IN 39142 3319 74 them -PRON- PRP 39142 3319 75 still still RB 39142 3319 76 constituting constitute VBG 39142 3319 77 closely closely RB 39142 3319 78 associated associate VBN 39142 3319 79 groups group NNS 39142 3319 80 of of IN 39142 3319 81 stars star NNS 39142 3319 82 -- -- : 39142 3319 83 the the DT 39142 3319 84 moving move VBG 39142 3319 85 star star NN 39142 3319 86 clusters cluster NNS 39142 3319 87 . . . 39142 3320 1 " " `` 39142 3320 2 At at IN 39142 3320 3 intervals interval NNS 39142 3320 4 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3320 5 must must MD 39142 3320 6 have have VB 39142 3320 7 happened happen VBN 39142 3320 8 that that IN 39142 3320 9 two two CD 39142 3320 10 stars star NNS 39142 3320 11 passed pass VBN 39142 3320 12 relatively relatively RB 39142 3320 13 near near RB 39142 3320 14 to to IN 39142 3320 15 one one CD 39142 3320 16 another another DT 39142 3320 17 in in IN 39142 3320 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3320 19 motion motion NN 39142 3320 20 through through IN 39142 3320 21 the the DT 39142 3320 22 universe universe NN 39142 3320 23 . . . 39142 3321 1 We -PRON- PRP 39142 3321 2 conjecture conjecture VBP 39142 3321 3 that that IN 39142 3321 4 something something NN 39142 3321 5 like like IN 39142 3321 6 300 300 CD 39142 3321 7 million million CD 39142 3321 8 years year NNS 39142 3321 9 ago ago RB 39142 3321 10 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3321 11 sun sun NN 39142 3321 12 experienced experience VBD 39142 3321 13 an an DT 39142 3321 14 encounter encounter NN 39142 3321 15 of of IN 39142 3321 16 this this DT 39142 3321 17 kind kind NN 39142 3321 18 , , , 39142 3321 19 a a DT 39142 3321 20 large large JJ 39142 3321 21 star star NN 39142 3321 22 passing pass VBG 39142 3321 23 within within IN 39142 3321 24 a a DT 39142 3321 25 distance distance NN 39142 3321 26 of of IN 39142 3321 27 about about RB 39142 3321 28 the the DT 39142 3321 29 sun sun NN 39142 3321 30 's 's POS 39142 3321 31 diameter diameter NN 39142 3321 32 from from IN 39142 3321 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3321 34 surface surface NN 39142 3321 35 . . . 39142 3322 1 The the DT 39142 3322 2 effect effect NN 39142 3322 3 of of IN 39142 3322 4 this this DT 39142 3322 5 , , , 39142 3322 6 as as IN 39142 3322 7 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3322 8 have have VBP 39142 3322 9 seen see VBN 39142 3322 10 , , , 39142 3322 11 would would MD 39142 3322 12 be be VB 39142 3322 13 the the DT 39142 3322 14 ejection ejection NN 39142 3322 15 of of IN 39142 3322 16 a a DT 39142 3322 17 stream stream NN 39142 3322 18 of of IN 39142 3322 19 gas gas NN 39142 3322 20 toward toward IN 39142 3322 21 the the DT 39142 3322 22 passing pass VBG 39142 3322 23 star star NN 39142 3322 24 . . . 39142 3323 1 At at IN 39142 3323 2 this this DT 39142 3323 3 epoch epoch NN 39142 3323 4 the the DT 39142 3323 5 sun sun NN 39142 3323 6 is be VBZ 39142 3323 7 supposed suppose VBN 39142 3323 8 to to TO 39142 3323 9 have have VB 39142 3323 10 been be VBN 39142 3323 11 dark dark JJ 39142 3323 12 and and CC 39142 3323 13 cold cold JJ 39142 3323 14 , , , 39142 3323 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3323 16 density density NN 39142 3323 17 being be VBG 39142 3323 18 so so RB 39142 3323 19 low low JJ 39142 3323 20 that that IN 39142 3323 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3323 22 radius radius NN 39142 3323 23 was be VBD 39142 3323 24 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 3323 25 comparable comparable JJ 39142 3323 26 with with IN 39142 3323 27 the the DT 39142 3323 28 present present JJ 39142 3323 29 radius radius NN 39142 3323 30 of of IN 39142 3323 31 Neptune Neptune NNP 39142 3323 32 's 's POS 39142 3323 33 orbit orbit NN 39142 3323 34 . . . 39142 3324 1 The the DT 39142 3324 2 ejected eject VBN 39142 3324 3 stream stream NN 39142 3324 4 of of IN 39142 3324 5 matter matter NN 39142 3324 6 , , , 39142 3324 7 becoming become VBG 39142 3324 8 still still RB 39142 3324 9 colder cold JJR 39142 3324 10 by by IN 39142 3324 11 radiation radiation NN 39142 3324 12 , , , 39142 3324 13 may may MD 39142 3324 14 have have VB 39142 3324 15 condensed condense VBN 39142 3324 16 into into IN 39142 3324 17 liquid liquid NN 39142 3324 18 near near IN 39142 3324 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3324 20 ends end NNS 39142 3324 21 and and CC 39142 3324 22 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 3324 23 partially partially RB 39142 3324 24 also also RB 39142 3324 25 near near IN 39142 3324 26 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3324 27 middle middle NN 39142 3324 28 . . . 39142 3325 1 Such such PDT 39142 3325 2 a a DT 39142 3325 3 jet jet NN 39142 3325 4 of of IN 39142 3325 5 matter matter NN 39142 3325 6 would would MD 39142 3325 7 be be VB 39142 3325 8 longitudinally longitudinally RB 39142 3325 9 unstable unstable JJ 39142 3325 10 and and CC 39142 3325 11 would would MD 39142 3325 12 condense condense VB 39142 3325 13 into into IN 39142 3325 14 detached detach VBN 39142 3325 15 nuclei nucleus NNS 39142 3325 16 which which WDT 39142 3325 17 would would MD 39142 3325 18 ultimately ultimately RB 39142 3325 19 form form VB 39142 3325 20 planets planet NNS 39142 3325 21 . . . 39142 3325 22 " " '' 39142 3326 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39142 3326 2 LXI LXI NNP 39142 3326 3 COSMOGONY COSMOGONY NNP 39142 3326 4 IN in IN 39142 3326 5 TRANSITION TRANSITION NNP 39142 3326 6 We -PRON- PRP 39142 3326 7 have have VBP 39142 3326 8 seen see VBN 39142 3326 9 how how WRB 39142 3326 10 Wright Wright NNP 39142 3326 11 in in IN 39142 3326 12 1750 1750 CD 39142 3326 13 initiated initiate VBD 39142 3326 14 a a DT 39142 3326 15 theory theory NN 39142 3326 16 of of IN 39142 3326 17 evolution evolution NN 39142 3326 18 , , , 39142 3326 19 not not RB 39142 3326 20 only only RB 39142 3326 21 of of IN 39142 3326 22 the the DT 39142 3326 23 solar solar JJ 39142 3326 24 system system NN 39142 3326 25 , , , 39142 3326 26 but but CC 39142 3326 27 of of IN 39142 3326 28 all all PDT 39142 3326 29 the the DT 39142 3326 30 stars star NNS 39142 3326 31 and and CC 39142 3326 32 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3326 33 as as RB 39142 3326 34 well well RB 39142 3326 35 ; ; : 39142 3326 36 how how WRB 39142 3326 37 Kant Kant NNP 39142 3326 38 in in IN 39142 3326 39 1752 1752 CD 39142 3326 40 by by IN 39142 3326 41 elaborating elaborate VBG 39142 3326 42 this this DT 39142 3326 43 theory theory NN 39142 3326 44 sought seek VBD 39142 3326 45 to to TO 39142 3326 46 develop develop VB 39142 3326 47 the the DT 39142 3326 48 details detail NNS 39142 3326 49 of of IN 39142 3326 50 evolution evolution NN 39142 3326 51 of of IN 39142 3326 52 the the DT 39142 3326 53 solar solar JJ 39142 3326 54 system system NN 39142 3326 55 on on IN 39142 3326 56 the the DT 39142 3326 57 basis basis NN 39142 3326 58 of of IN 39142 3326 59 the the DT 39142 3326 60 Newtonian newtonian JJ 39142 3326 61 law law NN 39142 3326 62 , , , 39142 3326 63 though though IN 39142 3326 64 weakened weaken VBN 39142 3326 65 , , , 39142 3326 66 as as IN 39142 3326 67 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3326 68 know know VBP 39142 3326 69 , , , 39142 3326 70 by by IN 39142 3326 71 serious serious JJ 39142 3326 72 errors error NNS 39142 3326 73 in in IN 39142 3326 74 applying apply VBG 39142 3326 75 physical physical JJ 39142 3326 76 laws law NNS 39142 3326 77 ; ; : 39142 3326 78 how how WRB 39142 3326 79 Laplace Laplace NNP 39142 3326 80 in in IN 39142 3326 81 1796 1796 CD 39142 3326 82 put put VBD 39142 3326 83 forward forward RP 39142 3326 84 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3326 85 nebular nebular JJ 39142 3326 86 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 3326 87 of of IN 39142 3326 88 origin origin NN 39142 3326 89 and and CC 39142 3326 90 development development NN 39142 3326 91 of of IN 39142 3326 92 the the DT 39142 3326 93 solar solar JJ 39142 3326 94 system system NN 39142 3326 95 , , , 39142 3326 96 by by IN 39142 3326 97 contraction contraction NN 39142 3326 98 from from IN 39142 3326 99 an an DT 39142 3326 100 original original JJ 39142 3326 101 gaseous gaseous JJ 39142 3326 102 nebula nebula NN 39142 3326 103 in in IN 39142 3326 104 accord accord NN 39142 3326 105 with with IN 39142 3326 106 the the DT 39142 3326 107 Newtonian newtonian JJ 39142 3326 108 law law NN 39142 3326 109 ; ; : 39142 3326 110 how how WRB 39142 3326 111 Sir Sir NNP 39142 3326 112 William William NNP 39142 3326 113 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 3326 114 in in IN 39142 3326 115 1810 1810 CD 39142 3326 116 saw see VBD 39142 3326 117 in in IN 39142 3326 118 all all DT 39142 3326 119 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3326 120 merely merely RB 39142 3326 121 the the DT 39142 3326 122 stuff stuff NN 39142 3326 123 that that WDT 39142 3326 124 stars star NNS 39142 3326 125 are be VBP 39142 3326 126 made make VBN 39142 3326 127 of of IN 39142 3326 128 ; ; : 39142 3326 129 how how WRB 39142 3326 130 Lord Lord NNP 39142 3326 131 Rosse Rosse NNP 39142 3326 132 in in IN 39142 3326 133 1845 1845 CD 39142 3326 134 discovered discover VBD 39142 3326 135 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3326 136 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3326 137 ; ; : 39142 3326 138 how how WRB 39142 3326 139 Helmholtz Helmholtz NNP 39142 3326 140 in in IN 39142 3326 141 1854 1854 CD 39142 3326 142 put put VBD 39142 3326 143 forward forward RP 39142 3326 144 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3326 145 contraction contraction NN 39142 3326 146 theory theory NN 39142 3326 147 of of IN 39142 3326 148 maintenance maintenance NN 39142 3326 149 of of IN 39142 3326 150 the the DT 39142 3326 151 solar solar JJ 39142 3326 152 heat heat NN 39142 3326 153 , , , 39142 3326 154 seemingly seemingly RB 39142 3326 155 reinforcing reinforce VBG 39142 3326 156 the the DT 39142 3326 157 Laplacian laplacian JJ 39142 3326 158 theory theory NN 39142 3326 159 ; ; : 39142 3326 160 how how WRB 39142 3326 161 Lane Lane NNP 39142 3326 162 in in IN 39142 3326 163 1870 1870 CD 39142 3326 164 proved prove VBD 39142 3326 165 that that IN 39142 3326 166 a a DT 39142 3326 167 contracting contract VBG 39142 3326 168 gaseous gaseous JJ 39142 3326 169 star star NN 39142 3326 170 might may MD 39142 3326 171 rise rise VB 39142 3326 172 in in IN 39142 3326 173 temperature temperature NN 39142 3326 174 ; ; : 39142 3326 175 how how WRB 39142 3326 176 Roche Roche NNP 39142 3326 177 in in IN 39142 3326 178 1873 1873 CD 39142 3326 179 in in IN 39142 3326 180 attempting attempt VBG 39142 3326 181 to to TO 39142 3326 182 modify modify VB 39142 3326 183 the the DT 39142 3326 184 Laplacian laplacian JJ 39142 3326 185 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 3326 186 , , , 39142 3326 187 pointed point VBD 39142 3326 188 out out RP 39142 3326 189 the the DT 39142 3326 190 conditions condition NNS 39142 3326 191 under under IN 39142 3326 192 which which WDT 39142 3326 193 a a DT 39142 3326 194 satellite satellite NN 39142 3326 195 would would MD 39142 3326 196 be be VB 39142 3326 197 broken break VBN 39142 3326 198 up up RP 39142 3326 199 by by IN 39142 3326 200 tidal tidal JJ 39142 3326 201 strains strain NNS 39142 3326 202 ; ; : 39142 3326 203 how how WRB 39142 3326 204 Darwin Darwin NNP 39142 3326 205 in in IN 39142 3326 206 1879 1879 CD 39142 3326 207 showed show VBD 39142 3326 208 that that IN 39142 3326 209 the the DT 39142 3326 210 theory theory NN 39142 3326 211 of of IN 39142 3326 212 tidal tidal JJ 39142 3326 213 evolution evolution NN 39142 3326 214 of of IN 39142 3326 215 non non JJ 39142 3326 216 - - JJ 39142 3326 217 rigid rigid JJ 39142 3326 218 bodies body NNS 39142 3326 219 might may MD 39142 3326 220 account account VB 39142 3326 221 for for IN 39142 3326 222 the the DT 39142 3326 223 formation formation NN 39142 3326 224 of of IN 39142 3326 225 the the DT 39142 3326 226 moon moon NN 39142 3326 227 , , , 39142 3326 228 and and CC 39142 3326 229 binary binary JJ 39142 3326 230 stars star NNS 39142 3326 231 might may MD 39142 3326 232 originate originate VB 39142 3326 233 by by IN 39142 3326 234 fission fission NN 39142 3326 235 ; ; : 39142 3326 236 how how WRB 39142 3326 237 Keeler Keeler NNP 39142 3326 238 in in IN 39142 3326 239 1900 1900 CD 39142 3326 240 discovered discover VBD 39142 3326 241 the the DT 39142 3326 242 vast vast JJ 39142 3326 243 numbers number NNS 39142 3326 244 of of IN 39142 3326 245 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3326 246 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3326 247 ; ; : 39142 3326 248 how how WRB 39142 3326 249 Chamberlin Chamberlin NNP 39142 3326 250 and and CC 39142 3326 251 Moulton Moulton NNP 39142 3326 252 in in IN 39142 3326 253 1903 1903 CD 39142 3326 254 put put VBD 39142 3326 255 forward forward RP 39142 3326 256 the the DT 39142 3326 257 planetesimal planetesimal NN 39142 3326 258 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 3326 259 of of IN 39142 3326 260 formation formation NN 39142 3326 261 of of IN 39142 3326 262 the the DT 39142 3326 263 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3326 264 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3326 265 , , , 39142 3326 266 showing show VBG 39142 3326 267 also also RB 39142 3326 268 how how WRB 39142 3326 269 that that DT 39142 3326 270 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 3326 271 might may MD 39142 3326 272 account account VB 39142 3326 273 for for IN 39142 3326 274 the the DT 39142 3326 275 evolution evolution NN 39142 3326 276 of of IN 39142 3326 277 the the DT 39142 3326 278 solar solar JJ 39142 3326 279 system system NN 39142 3326 280 ; ; : 39142 3326 281 and and CC 39142 3326 282 how how WRB 39142 3326 283 Jeans Jeans NNPS 39142 3326 284 in in IN 39142 3326 285 1916 1916 CD 39142 3326 286 advocated advocate VBD 39142 3326 287 the the DT 39142 3326 288 median median JJ 39142 3326 289 ground ground NN 39142 3326 290 in in IN 39142 3326 291 evolution evolution NN 39142 3326 292 of of IN 39142 3326 293 the the DT 39142 3326 294 arms arm NNS 39142 3326 295 of of IN 39142 3326 296 the the DT 39142 3326 297 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3326 298 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3326 299 , , , 39142 3326 300 showing show VBG 39142 3326 301 that that IN 39142 3326 302 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3326 303 will will MD 39142 3326 304 break break VB 39142 3326 305 up up RP 39142 3326 306 into into IN 39142 3326 307 nuclei nucleus NNS 39142 3326 308 , , , 39142 3326 309 if if IN 39142 3326 310 sufficiently sufficiently RB 39142 3326 311 massive massive JJ 39142 3326 312 . . . 39142 3327 1 In in IN 39142 3327 2 all all PDT 39142 3327 3 these these DT 39142 3327 4 theories theory NNS 39142 3327 5 , , , 39142 3327 6 truth truth NN 39142 3327 7 and and CC 39142 3327 8 error error NN 39142 3327 9 , , , 39142 3327 10 or or CC 39142 3327 11 lack lack NN 39142 3327 12 of of IN 39142 3327 13 complete complete JJ 39142 3327 14 knowledge knowledge NN 39142 3327 15 , , , 39142 3327 16 appear appear VB 39142 3327 17 to to TO 39142 3327 18 be be VB 39142 3327 19 intermingled intermingle VBN 39142 3327 20 in in IN 39142 3327 21 varying vary VBG 39142 3327 22 proportions proportion NNS 39142 3327 23 . . . 39142 3328 1 Is be VBZ 39142 3328 2 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3328 3 not not RB 39142 3328 4 early early JJ 39142 3328 5 yet yet RB 39142 3328 6 to to TO 39142 3328 7 say say VB 39142 3328 8 , , , 39142 3328 9 either either CC 39142 3328 10 that that IN 39142 3328 11 any any DT 39142 3328 12 one one CD 39142 3328 13 of of IN 39142 3328 14 them -PRON- PRP 39142 3328 15 must must MD 39142 3328 16 be be VB 39142 3328 17 abandoned abandon VBN 39142 3328 18 as as IN 39142 3328 19 totally totally RB 39142 3328 20 wrong wrong JJ 39142 3328 21 , , , 39142 3328 22 or or CC 39142 3328 23 on on IN 39142 3328 24 the the DT 39142 3328 25 other other JJ 39142 3328 26 hand hand NN 39142 3328 27 that that WDT 39142 3328 28 any any DT 39142 3328 29 one one CD 39142 3328 30 of of IN 39142 3328 31 them -PRON- PRP 39142 3328 32 , , , 39142 3328 33 or or CC 39142 3328 34 indeed indeed RB 39142 3328 35 any any DT 39142 3328 36 single single JJ 39142 3328 37 hypothesis hypothesis NN 39142 3328 38 , , , 39142 3328 39 can can MD 39142 3328 40 explain explain VB 39142 3328 41 all all PDT 39142 3328 42 the the DT 39142 3328 43 evolutionary evolutionary JJ 39142 3328 44 processes process NNS 39142 3328 45 of of IN 39142 3328 46 the the DT 39142 3328 47 universe universe NN 39142 3328 48 ? ? . 39142 3329 1 Clearly clearly RB 39142 3329 2 the the DT 39142 3329 3 great great JJ 39142 3329 4 problems problem NNS 39142 3329 5 can can MD 39142 3329 6 not not RB 39142 3329 7 all all DT 39142 3329 8 be be VB 39142 3329 9 solved solve VBN 39142 3329 10 by by IN 39142 3329 11 the the DT 39142 3329 12 kinetic kinetic JJ 39142 3329 13 theory theory NN 39142 3329 14 of of IN 39142 3329 15 gases gas NNS 39142 3329 16 and and CC 39142 3329 17 the the DT 39142 3329 18 law law NN 39142 3329 19 of of IN 39142 3329 20 gravitation gravitation NN 39142 3329 21 alone alone RB 39142 3329 22 . . . 39142 3330 1 Recent recent JJ 39142 3330 2 physical physical JJ 39142 3330 3 researches research NNS 39142 3330 4 into into IN 39142 3330 5 sub sub JJ 39142 3330 6 - - JJ 39142 3330 7 atomic atomic JJ 39142 3330 8 energy energy NN 39142 3330 9 and and CC 39142 3330 10 the the DT 39142 3330 11 structure structure NN 39142 3330 12 and and CC 39142 3330 13 properties property NNS 39142 3330 14 of of IN 39142 3330 15 matter matter NN 39142 3330 16 , , , 39142 3330 17 appear appear VBP 39142 3330 18 to to TO 39142 3330 19 point point VB 39142 3330 20 in in IN 39142 3330 21 the the DT 39142 3330 22 direction direction NN 39142 3330 23 where where WRB 39142 3330 24 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3330 25 must must MD 39142 3330 26 next next RB 39142 3330 27 look look VB 39142 3330 28 for for IN 39142 3330 29 more more JJR 39142 3330 30 light light NN 39142 3330 31 on on IN 39142 3330 32 such such JJ 39142 3330 33 questions question NNS 39142 3330 34 as as IN 39142 3330 35 the the DT 39142 3330 36 origin origin NN 39142 3330 37 and and CC 39142 3330 38 maintenance maintenance NN 39142 3330 39 of of IN 39142 3330 40 the the DT 39142 3330 41 sun sun NN 39142 3330 42 's 's POS 39142 3330 43 heat heat NN 39142 3330 44 , , , 39142 3330 45 the the DT 39142 3330 46 complex complex JJ 39142 3330 47 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39142 3330 48 of of IN 39142 3330 49 variable variable JJ 39142 3330 50 stars star NNS 39142 3330 51 and and CC 39142 3330 52 the the DT 39142 3330 53 progressive progressive JJ 39142 3330 54 evolution evolution NN 39142 3330 55 of of IN 39142 3330 56 the the DT 39142 3330 57 myriad myriad JJ 39142 3330 58 bodies body NNS 39142 3330 59 of of IN 39142 3330 60 the the DT 39142 3330 61 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3330 62 universe universe NN 39142 3330 63 . . . 39142 3331 1 Because because IN 39142 3331 2 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3331 3 have have VBP 39142 3331 4 actually actually RB 39142 3331 5 seen see VBN 39142 3331 6 one one CD 39142 3331 7 star star NN 39142 3331 8 turn turn VB 39142 3331 9 into into IN 39142 3331 10 a a DT 39142 3331 11 nebula nebula NN 39142 3331 12 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3331 13 should should MD 39142 3331 14 not not RB 39142 3331 15 jump jump VB 39142 3331 16 to to IN 39142 3331 17 the the DT 39142 3331 18 conclusion conclusion NN 39142 3331 19 that that IN 39142 3331 20 all all DT 39142 3331 21 nebulæ nebulæ NNS 39142 3331 22 are be VBP 39142 3331 23 formed form VBN 39142 3331 24 from from IN 39142 3331 25 stars star NNS 39142 3331 26 , , , 39142 3331 27 even even RB 39142 3331 28 if if IN 39142 3331 29 this this DT 39142 3331 30 might may MD 39142 3331 31 seem seem VB 39142 3331 32 a a DT 39142 3331 33 direct direct JJ 39142 3331 34 inference inference NN 39142 3331 35 from from IN 39142 3331 36 the the DT 39142 3331 37 high high JJ 39142 3331 38 radial radial JJ 39142 3331 39 velocities velocity NNS 39142 3331 40 of of IN 39142 3331 41 planetary planetary NN 39142 3331 42 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3331 43 . . . 39142 3332 1 Quite quite RB 39142 3332 2 as as IN 39142 3332 3 obviously obviously RB 39142 3332 4 many many JJ 39142 3332 5 of of IN 39142 3332 6 the the DT 39142 3332 7 spiral spiral JJ 39142 3332 8 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3332 9 are be VBP 39142 3332 10 in in IN 39142 3332 11 a a DT 39142 3332 12 stage stage NN 39142 3332 13 of of IN 39142 3332 14 transition transition NN 39142 3332 15 into into IN 39142 3332 16 local local JJ 39142 3332 17 universes universe NNS 39142 3332 18 of of IN 39142 3332 19 stars star NNS 39142 3332 20 -- -- : 39142 3332 21 even even RB 39142 3332 22 more more RBR 39142 3332 23 obvious obvious JJ 39142 3332 24 from from IN 39142 3332 25 the the DT 39142 3332 26 marvelous marvelous JJ 39142 3332 27 photographs photograph NNS 39142 3332 28 in in IN 39142 3332 29 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3332 30 day day NN 39142 3332 31 than than IN 39142 3332 32 the the DT 39142 3332 33 evolution evolution NN 39142 3332 34 of of IN 39142 3332 35 stars star NNS 39142 3332 36 from from IN 39142 3332 37 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3332 38 of of IN 39142 3332 39 all all DT 39142 3332 40 types type NNS 39142 3332 41 was be VBD 39142 3332 42 to to IN 39142 3332 43 Herschel Herschel NNP 39142 3332 44 in in IN 39142 3332 45 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3332 46 day day NN 39142 3332 47 . . . 39142 3333 1 The the DT 39142 3333 2 physicist physicist NN 39142 3333 3 must must MD 39142 3333 4 further further RB 39142 3333 5 investigate investigate VB 39142 3333 6 such such JJ 39142 3333 7 questions question NNS 39142 3333 8 as as IN 39142 3333 9 the the DT 39142 3333 10 building building NN 39142 3333 11 up up RP 39142 3333 12 of of IN 39142 3333 13 heavy heavy JJ 39142 3333 14 atomic atomic JJ 39142 3333 15 elements element NNS 39142 3333 16 by by IN 39142 3333 17 gravitative gravitative JJ 39142 3333 18 condensation condensation NN 39142 3333 19 of of IN 39142 3333 20 such such JJ 39142 3333 21 lighter light JJR 39142 3333 22 ones one NNS 39142 3333 23 as as IN 39142 3333 24 compose compose VB 39142 3333 25 the the DT 39142 3333 26 nebulæ nebulæ NN 39142 3333 27 ; ; : 39142 3333 28 and and CC 39142 3333 29 laboratory laboratory NN 39142 3333 30 investigation investigation NN 39142 3333 31 must must MD 39142 3333 32 elucidate elucidate VB 39142 3333 33 further further RB 39142 3333 34 the the DT 39142 3333 35 process process NN 39142 3333 36 of of IN 39142 3333 37 development development NN 39142 3333 38 of of IN 39142 3333 39 energy energy NN 39142 3333 40 from from IN 39142 3333 41 atomic atomic JJ 39142 3333 42 disintegration disintegration NN 39142 3333 43 under under IN 39142 3333 44 very very RB 39142 3333 45 high high JJ 39142 3333 46 pressures pressure NNS 39142 3333 47 . . . 39142 3334 1 This this DT 39142 3334 2 leads lead VBZ 39142 3334 3 to to IN 39142 3334 4 a a DT 39142 3334 5 reclassification reclassification NN 39142 3334 6 of of IN 39142 3334 7 the the DT 39142 3334 8 stars star NNS 39142 3334 9 on on IN 39142 3334 10 a a DT 39142 3334 11 temperature temperature NN 39142 3334 12 basis basis NN 39142 3334 13 . . . 39142 3335 1 Equally equally RB 39142 3335 2 important important JJ 39142 3335 3 is be VBZ 39142 3335 4 the the DT 39142 3335 5 inquiry inquiry NN 39142 3335 6 into into IN 39142 3335 7 the the DT 39142 3335 8 mechanism mechanism NN 39142 3335 9 of of IN 39142 3335 10 radiative radiative JJ 39142 3335 11 equilibrium equilibrium NN 39142 3335 12 in in IN 39142 3335 13 sun sun NN 39142 3335 14 and and CC 39142 3335 15 stars star NNS 39142 3335 16 . . . 39142 3336 1 Not not RB 39142 3336 2 impossibly impossibly RB 39142 3336 3 the the DT 39142 3336 4 process process NN 39142 3336 5 of of IN 39142 3336 6 the the DT 39142 3336 7 earth earth NN 39142 3336 8 's 's POS 39142 3336 9 upper upper JJ 39142 3336 10 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39142 3336 11 in in IN 39142 3336 12 maintaining maintain VBG 39142 3336 13 a a DT 39142 3336 14 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 39142 3336 15 equilibrium equilibrium NN 39142 3336 16 may may MD 39142 3336 17 afford afford VB 39142 3336 18 some some DT 39142 3336 19 clue clue NN 39142 3336 20 . . . 39142 3337 1 What what WP 39142 3337 2 this this DT 39142 3337 3 physical physical JJ 39142 3337 4 mechanism mechanism NN 39142 3337 5 may may MD 39142 3337 6 be be VB 39142 3337 7 is be VBZ 39142 3337 8 very very RB 39142 3337 9 incompletely incompletely RB 39142 3337 10 known know VBN 39142 3337 11 , , , 39142 3337 12 but but CC 39142 3337 13 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3337 14 is be VBZ 39142 3337 15 now now RB 39142 3337 16 open open JJ 39142 3337 17 to to IN 39142 3337 18 further further JJ 39142 3337 19 research research NN 39142 3337 20 through through IN 39142 3337 21 recent recent JJ 39142 3337 22 progress progress NN 39142 3337 23 of of IN 39142 3337 24 aeronautics aeronautic NNS 39142 3337 25 , , , 39142 3337 26 which which WDT 39142 3337 27 will will MD 39142 3337 28 afford afford VB 39142 3337 29 the the DT 39142 3337 30 investigator investigator NN 39142 3337 31 a a DT 39142 3337 32 " " `` 39142 3337 33 ceiling ceiling NN 39142 3337 34 " " '' 39142 3337 35 of of IN 39142 3337 36 50,000 50,000 CD 39142 3337 37 feet foot NNS 39142 3337 38 and and CC 39142 3337 39 probably probably RB 39142 3337 40 more more RBR 39142 3337 41 . . . 39142 3338 1 Beneath beneath IN 39142 3338 2 this this DT 39142 3338 3 level level NN 39142 3338 4 , , , 39142 3338 5 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 3338 6 even even RB 39142 3338 7 below below IN 39142 3338 8 40,000 40,000 CD 39142 3338 9 feet foot NNS 39142 3338 10 , , , 39142 3338 11 lie lie VBP 39142 3338 12 all all PDT 39142 3338 13 the the DT 39142 3338 14 strata strata NN 39142 3338 15 , , , 39142 3338 16 including include VBG 39142 3338 17 the the DT 39142 3338 18 inversion inversion NN 39142 3338 19 layer layer NN 39142 3338 20 , , , 39142 3338 21 where where WRB 39142 3338 22 the the DT 39142 3338 23 sun sun NN 39142 3338 24 's 's POS 39142 3338 25 heat heat NN 39142 3338 26 is be VBZ 39142 3338 27 conserved conserve VBN 39142 3338 28 and and CC 39142 3338 29 an an DT 39142 3338 30 equilibrium equilibrium NN 39142 3338 31 maintained maintain VBD 39142 3338 32 . . . 39142 3339 1 Even even RB 39142 3339 2 ten ten CD 39142 3339 3 years year NNS 39142 3339 4 ago ago RB 39142 3339 5 , , , 39142 3339 6 had have VBD 39142 3339 7 an an DT 39142 3339 8 astronomer astronomer NN 39142 3339 9 been be VBN 39142 3339 10 asked ask VBN 39142 3339 11 about about IN 39142 3339 12 the the DT 39142 3339 13 physical physical JJ 39142 3339 14 condition condition NN 39142 3339 15 of of IN 39142 3339 16 the the DT 39142 3339 17 interior interior NN 39142 3339 18 of of IN 39142 3339 19 the the DT 39142 3339 20 stars star NNS 39142 3339 21 , , , 39142 3339 22 he -PRON- PRP 39142 3339 23 would would MD 39142 3339 24 have have VB 39142 3339 25 replied reply VBN 39142 3339 26 that that IN 39142 3339 27 information information NN 39142 3339 28 of of IN 39142 3339 29 this this DT 39142 3339 30 character character NN 39142 3339 31 could could MD 39142 3339 32 only only RB 39142 3339 33 be be VB 39142 3339 34 had have VBN 39142 3339 35 on on IN 39142 3339 36 visiting visit VBG 39142 3339 37 the the DT 39142 3339 38 stars star NNS 39142 3339 39 themselves -PRON- PRP 39142 3339 40 -- -- : 39142 3339 41 and and CC 39142 3339 42 perhaps perhaps RB 39142 3339 43 not not RB 39142 3339 44 even even RB 39142 3339 45 then then RB 39142 3339 46 . . . 39142 3340 1 But but CC 39142 3340 2 at at IN 39142 3340 3 the the DT 39142 3340 4 Cardiff Cardiff NNP 39142 3340 5 meeting meeting NN 39142 3340 6 of of IN 39142 3340 7 the the DT 39142 3340 8 British British NNP 39142 3340 9 Association Association NNP 39142 3340 10 in in IN 39142 3340 11 1920 1920 CD 39142 3340 12 , , , 39142 3340 13 Eddington Eddington NNP 39142 3340 14 , , , 39142 3340 15 the the DT 39142 3340 16 president president NN 39142 3340 17 of of IN 39142 3340 18 Section Section NNP 39142 3340 19 A A NNP 39142 3340 20 , , , 39142 3340 21 delivered deliver VBD 39142 3340 22 an an DT 39142 3340 23 address address NN 39142 3340 24 on on IN 39142 3340 25 the the DT 39142 3340 26 internal internal JJ 39142 3340 27 constitution constitution NN 39142 3340 28 of of IN 39142 3340 29 the the DT 39142 3340 30 stars star NNS 39142 3340 31 . . . 39142 3341 1 He -PRON- PRP 39142 3341 2 cites cite VBZ 39142 3341 3 the the DT 39142 3341 4 recent recent JJ 39142 3341 5 investigations investigation NNS 39142 3341 6 of of IN 39142 3341 7 Russell Russell NNP 39142 3341 8 and and CC 39142 3341 9 others other NNS 39142 3341 10 on on IN 39142 3341 11 truly truly RB 39142 3341 12 gaseous gaseous JJ 39142 3341 13 stars star NNS 39142 3341 14 , , , 39142 3341 15 like like IN 39142 3341 16 Aldebaran Aldebaran NNP 39142 3341 17 , , , 39142 3341 18 Arcturus Arcturus NNP 39142 3341 19 , , , 39142 3341 20 Antares Antares NNPS 39142 3341 21 and and CC 39142 3341 22 Canopus Canopus NNP 39142 3341 23 , , , 39142 3341 24 which which WDT 39142 3341 25 are be VBP 39142 3341 26 in in IN 39142 3341 27 a a DT 39142 3341 28 diffuse diffuse NN 39142 3341 29 state state NN 39142 3341 30 and and CC 39142 3341 31 are be VBP 39142 3341 32 the the DT 39142 3341 33 most most RBS 39142 3341 34 powerful powerful JJ 39142 3341 35 light light NN 39142 3341 36 - - HYPH 39142 3341 37 givers giver NNS 39142 3341 38 , , , 39142 3341 39 and and CC 39142 3341 40 thus thus RB 39142 3341 41 are be VBP 39142 3341 42 to to TO 39142 3341 43 be be VB 39142 3341 44 distinguished distinguish VBN 39142 3341 45 from from IN 39142 3341 46 the the DT 39142 3341 47 denser denser NN 39142 3341 48 stars star NNS 39142 3341 49 like like IN 39142 3341 50 our -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3341 51 Sun Sun NNP 39142 3341 52 . . . 39142 3342 1 The the DT 39142 3342 2 term term NN 39142 3342 3 _ _ NNP 39142 3342 4 giants giants NNPS 39142 3342 5 _ _ NNP 39142 3342 6 is be VBZ 39142 3342 7 applied apply VBN 39142 3342 8 to to IN 39142 3342 9 the the DT 39142 3342 10 former former JJ 39142 3342 11 , , , 39142 3342 12 and and CC 39142 3342 13 _ _ NNP 39142 3342 14 dwarfs dwarf VBZ 39142 3342 15 _ _ NNP 39142 3342 16 to to IN 39142 3342 17 the the DT 39142 3342 18 latter latter JJ 39142 3342 19 , , , 39142 3342 20 in in IN 39142 3342 21 accord accord NN 39142 3342 22 with with IN 39142 3342 23 Russell Russell NNP 39142 3342 24 's 's POS 39142 3342 25 theory theory NN 39142 3342 26 . . . 39142 3343 1 As as IN 39142 3343 2 density density NN 39142 3343 3 increases increase VBZ 39142 3343 4 through through IN 39142 3343 5 contraction contraction NN 39142 3343 6 , , , 39142 3343 7 these these DT 39142 3343 8 terms term NNS 39142 3343 9 represent represent VBP 39142 3343 10 the the DT 39142 3343 11 progressive progressive JJ 39142 3343 12 stages stage NNS 39142 3343 13 , , , 39142 3343 14 from from IN 39142 3343 15 earlier early RBR 39142 3343 16 to to IN 39142 3343 17 later later RBR 39142 3343 18 , , , 39142 3343 19 in in IN 39142 3343 20 a a DT 39142 3343 21 star star NN 39142 3343 22 's 's POS 39142 3343 23 history history NN 39142 3343 24 . . . 39142 3344 1 A a DT 39142 3344 2 red red JJ 39142 3344 3 or or CC 39142 3344 4 M M NNP 39142 3344 5 - - HYPH 39142 3344 6 type type NN 39142 3344 7 star star NN 39142 3344 8 begins begin VBZ 39142 3344 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3344 10 history history NN 39142 3344 11 as as IN 39142 3344 12 a a DT 39142 3344 13 giant giant NN 39142 3344 14 of of IN 39142 3344 15 comparatively comparatively RB 39142 3344 16 low low JJ 39142 3344 17 temperature temperature NN 39142 3344 18 . . . 39142 3345 1 Contracting contract VBG 39142 3345 2 , , , 39142 3345 3 according accord VBG 39142 3345 4 to to IN 39142 3345 5 Lane Lane NNP 39142 3345 6 's 's POS 39142 3345 7 law law NN 39142 3345 8 , , , 39142 3345 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3345 10 temperature temperature NN 39142 3345 11 must must MD 39142 3345 12 rise rise VB 39142 3345 13 until until IN 39142 3345 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3345 15 density density NN 39142 3345 16 becomes become VBZ 39142 3345 17 such such JJ 39142 3345 18 that that IN 39142 3345 19 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3345 20 no no RB 39142 3345 21 longer long RBR 39142 3345 22 behaves behave VBZ 39142 3345 23 as as IN 39142 3345 24 a a DT 39142 3345 25 perfect perfect JJ 39142 3345 26 gas gas NN 39142 3345 27 . . . 39142 3346 1 Much much JJ 39142 3346 2 depends depend VBZ 39142 3346 3 on on IN 39142 3346 4 the the DT 39142 3346 5 star star NN 39142 3346 6 's 's POS 39142 3346 7 mass mass NN 39142 3346 8 ; ; : 39142 3346 9 but but CC 39142 3346 10 after after IN 39142 3346 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3346 12 maximum maximum JJ 39142 3346 13 temperature temperature NN 39142 3346 14 is be VBZ 39142 3346 15 attained attain VBN 39142 3346 16 , , , 39142 3346 17 the the DT 39142 3346 18 star star NN 39142 3346 19 , , , 39142 3346 20 which which WDT 39142 3346 21 has have VBZ 39142 3346 22 shrunk shrink VBN 39142 3346 23 to to IN 39142 3346 24 the the DT 39142 3346 25 proportions proportion NNS 39142 3346 26 of of IN 39142 3346 27 a a DT 39142 3346 28 dwarf dwarf NN 39142 3346 29 , , , 39142 3346 30 goes go VBZ 39142 3346 31 on on IN 39142 3346 32 cooling cooling NN 39142 3346 33 and and CC 39142 3346 34 contracts contract NNS 39142 3346 35 still still RB 39142 3346 36 further far RBR 39142 3346 37 . . . 39142 3347 1 Each each DT 39142 3347 2 temperature temperature NN 39142 3347 3 - - HYPH 39142 3347 4 level level NN 39142 3347 5 is be VBZ 39142 3347 6 reached reach VBN 39142 3347 7 and and CC 39142 3347 8 passed pass VBN 39142 3347 9 twice twice RB 39142 3347 10 , , , 39142 3347 11 once once RB 39142 3347 12 during during IN 39142 3347 13 the the DT 39142 3347 14 ascending ascend VBG 39142 3347 15 stage stage NN 39142 3347 16 and and CC 39142 3347 17 once once RB 39142 3347 18 again again RB 39142 3347 19 in in IN 39142 3347 20 descending descending NN 39142 3347 21 -- -- : 39142 3347 22 once once RB 39142 3347 23 as as IN 39142 3347 24 a a DT 39142 3347 25 giant giant NN 39142 3347 26 , , , 39142 3347 27 and and CC 39142 3347 28 once once RB 39142 3347 29 as as IN 39142 3347 30 a a DT 39142 3347 31 dwarf dwarf NN 39142 3347 32 . . . 39142 3348 1 Thus thus RB 39142 3348 2 there there EX 39142 3348 3 are be VBP 39142 3348 4 vast vast JJ 39142 3348 5 differences difference NNS 39142 3348 6 in in IN 39142 3348 7 luminosity luminosity NN 39142 3348 8 : : : 39142 3348 9 the the DT 39142 3348 10 huge huge JJ 39142 3348 11 giant giant NN 39142 3348 12 , , , 39142 3348 13 having have VBG 39142 3348 14 a a DT 39142 3348 15 far far RB 39142 3348 16 larger large JJR 39142 3348 17 surface surface NN 39142 3348 18 than than IN 39142 3348 19 the the DT 39142 3348 20 shrunken shrunken JJ 39142 3348 21 dwarf dwarf NN 39142 3348 22 , , , 39142 3348 23 radiates radiate VBZ 39142 3348 24 an an DT 39142 3348 25 amount amount NN 39142 3348 26 of of IN 39142 3348 27 light light JJ 39142 3348 28 correspondingly correspondingly RB 39142 3348 29 greater great JJR 39142 3348 30 . . . 39142 3349 1 The the DT 39142 3349 2 physicist physicist NN 39142 3349 3 recognizes recognize VBZ 39142 3349 4 heat heat NN 39142 3349 5 in in IN 39142 3349 6 two two CD 39142 3349 7 forms form NNS 39142 3349 8 -- -- : 39142 3349 9 the the DT 39142 3349 10 energy energy NN 39142 3349 11 of of IN 39142 3349 12 motion motion NN 39142 3349 13 of of IN 39142 3349 14 material material NN 39142 3349 15 atoms atom NNS 39142 3349 16 , , , 39142 3349 17 and and CC 39142 3349 18 the the DT 39142 3349 19 energy energy NN 39142 3349 20 of of IN 39142 3349 21 ether ether NN 39142 3349 22 waves wave NNS 39142 3349 23 . . . 39142 3350 1 In in IN 39142 3350 2 hot hot JJ 39142 3350 3 bodies body NNS 39142 3350 4 with with IN 39142 3350 5 which which WDT 39142 3350 6 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3350 7 are be VBP 39142 3350 8 familiar familiar JJ 39142 3350 9 , , , 39142 3350 10 the the DT 39142 3350 11 second second JJ 39142 3350 12 form form NN 39142 3350 13 is be VBZ 39142 3350 14 quite quite RB 39142 3350 15 insignificant insignificant JJ 39142 3350 16 ; ; : 39142 3350 17 but but CC 39142 3350 18 in in IN 39142 3350 19 the the DT 39142 3350 20 giant giant JJ 39142 3350 21 stars star NNS 39142 3350 22 , , , 39142 3350 23 the the DT 39142 3350 24 two two CD 39142 3350 25 forms form NNS 39142 3350 26 are be VBP 39142 3350 27 present present JJ 39142 3350 28 in in IN 39142 3350 29 about about IN 39142 3350 30 equal equal JJ 39142 3350 31 proportions proportion NNS 39142 3350 32 . . . 39142 3351 1 The the DT 39142 3351 2 super super JJ 39142 3351 3 - - JJ 39142 3351 4 heated heated JJ 39142 3351 5 conditions condition NNS 39142 3351 6 of of IN 39142 3351 7 the the DT 39142 3351 8 interior interior NN 39142 3351 9 of of IN 39142 3351 10 the the DT 39142 3351 11 stars star NNS 39142 3351 12 can can MD 39142 3351 13 only only RB 39142 3351 14 be be VB 39142 3351 15 estimated estimate VBN 39142 3351 16 in in IN 39142 3351 17 millions million NNS 39142 3351 18 of of IN 39142 3351 19 degrees degree NNS 39142 3351 20 ; ; : 39142 3351 21 and and CC 39142 3351 22 the the DT 39142 3351 23 problem problem NN 39142 3351 24 is be VBZ 39142 3351 25 not not RB 39142 3351 26 one one CD 39142 3351 27 of of IN 39142 3351 28 convection convection NN 39142 3351 29 currents current NNS 39142 3351 30 , , , 39142 3351 31 as as RB 39142 3351 32 formerly formerly RB 39142 3351 33 thought think VBN 39142 3351 34 , , , 39142 3351 35 bringing bring VBG 39142 3351 36 hot hot JJ 39142 3351 37 masses masse NNS 39142 3351 38 to to IN 39142 3351 39 the the DT 39142 3351 40 surface surface NN 39142 3351 41 from from IN 39142 3351 42 the the DT 39142 3351 43 highly highly RB 39142 3351 44 heated heated JJ 39142 3351 45 interior interior NN 39142 3351 46 , , , 39142 3351 47 but but CC 39142 3351 48 how how WRB 39142 3351 49 can can MD 39142 3351 50 the the DT 39142 3351 51 heat heat NN 39142 3351 52 of of IN 39142 3351 53 the the DT 39142 3351 54 interior interior NNP 39142 3351 55 be be VB 39142 3351 56 barred bar VBN 39142 3351 57 against against IN 39142 3351 58 leakage leakage NN 39142 3351 59 and and CC 39142 3351 60 reduced reduce VBN 39142 3351 61 to to IN 39142 3351 62 the the DT 39142 3351 63 relatively relatively RB 39142 3351 64 small small JJ 39142 3351 65 radiation radiation NN 39142 3351 66 emitted emit VBN 39142 3351 67 by by IN 39142 3351 68 the the DT 39142 3351 69 stars star NNS 39142 3351 70 . . . 39142 3352 1 " " `` 39142 3352 2 Smaller small JJR 39142 3352 3 stars star NNS 39142 3352 4 have have VBP 39142 3352 5 to to TO 39142 3352 6 manufacture manufacture VB 39142 3352 7 the the DT 39142 3352 8 radiant radiant JJ 39142 3352 9 heat heat NN 39142 3352 10 which which WDT 39142 3352 11 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3352 12 emit emit VBP 39142 3352 13 , , , 39142 3352 14 living live VBG 39142 3352 15 from from IN 39142 3352 16 hand hand NN 39142 3352 17 to to IN 39142 3352 18 mouth mouth NN 39142 3352 19 ; ; : 39142 3352 20 the the DT 39142 3352 21 giant giant JJ 39142 3352 22 stars star NNS 39142 3352 23 merely merely RB 39142 3352 24 leak leak VBP 39142 3352 25 radiant radiant JJ 39142 3352 26 heat heat NN 39142 3352 27 from from IN 39142 3352 28 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3352 29 store store NN 39142 3352 30 . . . 39142 3352 31 " " '' 39142 3353 1 So so IN 39142 3353 2 a a DT 39142 3353 3 radioactive radioactive JJ 39142 3353 4 type type NN 39142 3353 5 of of IN 39142 3353 6 equilibrium equilibrium NN 39142 3353 7 must must MD 39142 3353 8 be be VB 39142 3353 9 established establish VBN 39142 3353 10 , , , 39142 3353 11 rather rather RB 39142 3353 12 than than IN 39142 3353 13 a a DT 39142 3353 14 convective convective JJ 39142 3353 15 one one NN 39142 3353 16 . . . 39142 3354 1 Laboratory laboratory NN 39142 3354 2 investigations investigation NNS 39142 3354 3 of of IN 39142 3354 4 the the DT 39142 3354 5 very very RB 39142 3354 6 short short JJ 39142 3354 7 waves wave NNS 39142 3354 8 are be VBP 39142 3354 9 now now RB 39142 3354 10 in in IN 39142 3354 11 progress progress NN 39142 3354 12 , , , 39142 3354 13 bearing bear VBG 39142 3354 14 on on IN 39142 3354 15 the the DT 39142 3354 16 transparency transparency NN 39142 3354 17 of of IN 39142 3354 18 stellar stellar JJ 39142 3354 19 material material NN 39142 3354 20 to to IN 39142 3354 21 the the DT 39142 3354 22 radiation radiation NN 39142 3354 23 traversing traverse VBG 39142 3354 24 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3354 25 ; ; : 39142 3354 26 and and CC 39142 3354 27 the the DT 39142 3354 28 penetrating penetrating NN 39142 3354 29 power power NN 39142 3354 30 of of IN 39142 3354 31 the the DT 39142 3354 32 star star NN 39142 3354 33 's 's POS 39142 3354 34 radiation radiation NN 39142 3354 35 is be VBZ 39142 3354 36 much much RB 39142 3354 37 like like IN 39142 3354 38 that that DT 39142 3354 39 of of IN 39142 3354 40 X X NNS 39142 3354 41 - - NNS 39142 3354 42 rays ray NNS 39142 3354 43 . . . 39142 3355 1 The the DT 39142 3355 2 opacity opacity NN 39142 3355 3 is be VBZ 39142 3355 4 remarkably remarkably RB 39142 3355 5 high high JJ 39142 3355 6 , , , 39142 3355 7 explaining explain VBG 39142 3355 8 why why WRB 39142 3355 9 the the DT 39142 3355 10 star star NN 39142 3355 11 is be VBZ 39142 3355 12 so so RB 39142 3355 13 nearly nearly RB 39142 3355 14 " " `` 39142 3355 15 heat heat NN 39142 3355 16 - - HYPH 39142 3355 17 tight tight JJ 39142 3355 18 . . . 39142 3355 19 " " '' 39142 3356 1 Opacity opacity NN 39142 3356 2 being be VBG 39142 3356 3 constant constant JJ 39142 3356 4 , , , 39142 3356 5 the the DT 39142 3356 6 total total JJ 39142 3356 7 radiation radiation NN 39142 3356 8 of of IN 39142 3356 9 a a DT 39142 3356 10 giant giant JJ 39142 3356 11 star star NN 39142 3356 12 depends depend VBZ 39142 3356 13 on on IN 39142 3356 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3356 15 mass mass NN 39142 3356 16 only only RB 39142 3356 17 , , , 39142 3356 18 and and CC 39142 3356 19 is be VBZ 39142 3356 20 quite quite RB 39142 3356 21 independent independent JJ 39142 3356 22 of of IN 39142 3356 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3356 24 temperature temperature NN 39142 3356 25 or or CC 39142 3356 26 state state NN 39142 3356 27 of of IN 39142 3356 28 diffuseness diffuseness NN 39142 3356 29 . . . 39142 3357 1 So so RB 39142 3357 2 that that IN 39142 3357 3 the the DT 39142 3357 4 total total JJ 39142 3357 5 radiation radiation NN 39142 3357 6 of of IN 39142 3357 7 a a DT 39142 3357 8 star star NN 39142 3357 9 which which WDT 39142 3357 10 is be VBZ 39142 3357 11 measured measure VBN 39142 3357 12 roughly roughly RB 39142 3357 13 by by IN 39142 3357 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3357 15 luminosity luminosity NN 39142 3357 16 , , , 39142 3357 17 may may MD 39142 3357 18 readily readily RB 39142 3357 19 remain remain VB 39142 3357 20 constant constant JJ 39142 3357 21 during during IN 39142 3357 22 the the DT 39142 3357 23 entire entire JJ 39142 3357 24 ' ' `` 39142 3357 25 giant giant NN 39142 3357 26 ' ' '' 39142 3357 27 stage stage NN 39142 3357 28 of of IN 39142 3357 29 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3357 30 history history NN 39142 3357 31 . . . 39142 3358 1 As as IN 39142 3358 2 Russell Russell NNP 39142 3358 3 originally originally RB 39142 3358 4 pointed point VBD 39142 3358 5 out out RP 39142 3358 6 , , , 39142 3358 7 giant giant JJ 39142 3358 8 stars star NNS 39142 3358 9 of of IN 39142 3358 10 every every DT 39142 3358 11 spectral spectral JJ 39142 3358 12 type type NN 39142 3358 13 have have VBP 39142 3358 14 nearly nearly RB 39142 3358 15 the the DT 39142 3358 16 same same JJ 39142 3358 17 luminosity luminosity NN 39142 3358 18 . . . 39142 3359 1 From from IN 39142 3359 2 the the DT 39142 3359 3 range range NN 39142 3359 4 of of IN 39142 3359 5 luminosity luminosity NN 39142 3359 6 of of IN 39142 3359 7 the the DT 39142 3359 8 giant giant JJ 39142 3359 9 stars star NNS 39142 3359 10 , , , 39142 3359 11 then then RB 39142 3359 12 , , , 39142 3359 13 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3359 14 may may MD 39142 3359 15 infer infer VB 39142 3359 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3359 17 range range NN 39142 3359 18 of of IN 39142 3359 19 masses masse NNS 39142 3359 20 : : : 39142 3359 21 they -PRON- PRP 39142 3359 22 come come VBP 39142 3359 23 out out RP 39142 3359 24 much much RB 39142 3359 25 alike alike RB 39142 3359 26 , , , 39142 3359 27 agreeing agree VBG 39142 3359 28 well well RB 39142 3359 29 with with IN 39142 3359 30 results result NNS 39142 3359 31 obtained obtain VBN 39142 3359 32 by by IN 39142 3359 33 double double JJ 39142 3359 34 - - HYPH 39142 3359 35 star star NN 39142 3359 36 investigation investigation NN 39142 3359 37 . . . 39142 3360 1 These these DT 39142 3360 2 studies study NNS 39142 3360 3 of of IN 39142 3360 4 radiation radiation NN 39142 3360 5 and and CC 39142 3360 6 internal internal JJ 39142 3360 7 condition condition NN 39142 3360 8 of of IN 39142 3360 9 the the DT 39142 3360 10 stars star NNS 39142 3360 11 again again RB 39142 3360 12 bring bring VBP 39142 3360 13 up up RP 39142 3360 14 the the DT 39142 3360 15 question question NN 39142 3360 16 of of IN 39142 3360 17 the the DT 39142 3360 18 original original JJ 39142 3360 19 source source NN 39142 3360 20 of of IN 39142 3360 21 that that DT 39142 3360 22 supply supply NN 39142 3360 23 of of IN 39142 3360 24 radiant radiant JJ 39142 3360 25 energy energy NN 39142 3360 26 continually continually RB 39142 3360 27 squandered squander VBN 39142 3360 28 by by IN 39142 3360 29 all all DT 39142 3360 30 self self NN 39142 3360 31 - - HYPH 39142 3360 32 luminous luminous JJ 39142 3360 33 bodies body NNS 39142 3360 34 . . . 39142 3361 1 The the DT 39142 3361 2 giant giant JJ 39142 3361 3 stars star NNS 39142 3361 4 are be VBP 39142 3361 5 especially especially RB 39142 3361 6 prodigal prodigal JJ 39142 3361 7 , , , 39142 3361 8 and and CC 39142 3361 9 radiate radiate VB 39142 3361 10 at at IN 39142 3361 11 least least JJS 39142 3361 12 a a DT 39142 3361 13 hundredfold hundredfold NN 39142 3361 14 faster fast RBR 39142 3361 15 than than IN 39142 3361 16 the the DT 39142 3361 17 sun sun NN 39142 3361 18 . . . 39142 3362 1 " " `` 39142 3362 2 A a DT 39142 3362 3 star star NN 39142 3362 4 is be VBZ 39142 3362 5 drawing draw VBG 39142 3362 6 on on IN 39142 3362 7 some some DT 39142 3362 8 vast vast JJ 39142 3362 9 reservoir reservoir NN 39142 3362 10 of of IN 39142 3362 11 energy energy NN 39142 3362 12 , , , 39142 3362 13 " " '' 39142 3362 14 says say VBZ 39142 3362 15 Eddington Eddington NNP 39142 3362 16 , , , 39142 3362 17 " " '' 39142 3362 18 by by IN 39142 3362 19 means mean NNS 39142 3362 20 unknown unknown JJ 39142 3362 21 to to IN 39142 3362 22 us -PRON- PRP 39142 3362 23 . . . 39142 3363 1 This this DT 39142 3363 2 reservoir reservoir NN 39142 3363 3 can can MD 39142 3363 4 scarcely scarcely RB 39142 3363 5 be be VB 39142 3363 6 other other JJ 39142 3363 7 than than IN 39142 3363 8 the the DT 39142 3363 9 sub sub JJ 39142 3363 10 - - JJ 39142 3363 11 atomic atomic JJ 39142 3363 12 energy energy NN 39142 3363 13 which which WDT 39142 3363 14 , , , 39142 3363 15 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3363 16 is be VBZ 39142 3363 17 known know VBN 39142 3363 18 , , , 39142 3363 19 exists exist VBZ 39142 3363 20 abundantly abundantly RB 39142 3363 21 in in IN 39142 3363 22 all all DT 39142 3363 23 matter matter NN 39142 3363 24 ; ; : 39142 3363 25 we -PRON- PRP 39142 3363 26 sometimes sometimes RB 39142 3363 27 dream dream VBP 39142 3363 28 that that DT 39142 3363 29 man man NN 39142 3363 30 will will MD 39142 3363 31 one one CD 39142 3363 32 day day NN 39142 3363 33 learn learn VB 39142 3363 34 how how WRB 39142 3363 35 to to TO 39142 3363 36 release release VB 39142 3363 37 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3363 38 and and CC 39142 3363 39 use use VB 39142 3363 40 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3363 41 for for IN 39142 3363 42 his -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3363 43 service service NN 39142 3363 44 . . . 39142 3364 1 The the DT 39142 3364 2 store store NN 39142 3364 3 is be VBZ 39142 3364 4 well well RB 39142 3364 5 - - HYPH 39142 3364 6 nigh nigh NN 39142 3364 7 inexhaustible inexhaustible JJ 39142 3364 8 , , , 39142 3364 9 if if IN 39142 3364 10 only only RB 39142 3364 11 it -PRON- PRP 39142 3364 12 could could MD 39142 3364 13 be be VB 39142 3364 14 tapped tap VBN 39142 3364 15 . . . 39142 3365 1 There there EX 39142 3365 2 is be VBZ 39142 3365 3 sufficient sufficient JJ 39142 3365 4 in in IN 39142 3365 5 the the DT 39142 3365 6 sun sun NN 39142 3365 7 to to TO 39142 3365 8 maintain maintain VB 39142 3365 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 39142 3365 10 output output NN 39142 3365 11 of of IN 39142 3365 12 heat heat NN 39142 3365 13 for for IN 39142 3365 14 fifteen fifteen CD 39142 3365 15 billion billion CD 39142 3365 16 years year NNS 39142 3365 17 . . . 39142 3365 18 " " '' 39142 3366 1 * * NFP 39142 3366 2 * * NFP 39142 3366 3 * * NFP 39142 3366 4 * * NFP 39142 3366 5 * * NFP 39142 3366 6 Transcriber Transcriber NNP 39142 3366 7 's 's POS 39142 3366 8 Notes note NNS 39142 3366 9 : : : 39142 3366 10 Obvious obvious JJ 39142 3366 11 punctuation punctuation NN 39142 3366 12 errors error NNS 39142 3366 13 repaired repair VBD 39142 3366 14 . . . 39142 3367 1 Hyphenation hyphenation NN 39142 3367 2 and and CC 39142 3367 3 spelling spelling NN 39142 3367 4 was be VBD 39142 3367 5 standardized standardize VBN 39142 3367 6 by by IN 39142 3367 7 using use VBG 39142 3367 8 the the DT 39142 3367 9 most most RBS 39142 3367 10 prevalent prevalent JJ 39142 3367 11 form form NN 39142 3367 12 . . . 39142 3368 1 The the DT 39142 3368 2 oe oe NN 39142 3368 3 ligature ligature NN 39142 3368 4 was be VBD 39142 3368 5 converted convert VBN 39142 3368 6 to to IN 39142 3368 7 the the DT 39142 3368 8 letters letter NNS 39142 3368 9 " " '' 39142 3368 10 oe oe NN 39142 3368 11 " " '' 39142 3368 12 . . . 39142 3369 1 Whole whole JJ 39142 3369 2 and and CC 39142 3369 3 fractional fractional JJ 39142 3369 4 parts part NNS 39142 3369 5 of of IN 39142 3369 6 numbers number NNS 39142 3369 7 are be VBP 39142 3369 8 displayed display VBN 39142 3369 9 as as IN 39142 3369 10 follows follow VBZ 39142 3369 11 : : : 39142 3369 12 365 365 CD 39142 3369 13 - - HYPH 39142 3369 14 1/4 1/4 CD 39142 3369 15 . . . 39142 3370 1 Page Page NNP 39142 3370 2 Correction Correction NNP 39142 3370 3 = = SYM 39142 3370 4 = = SYM 39142 3370 5 = = SYM 39142 3370 6 = = SYM 39142 3370 7 = = SYM 39142 3370 8 = = SYM 39142 3370 9 = = SYM 39142 3370 10 = = SYM 39142 3370 11 = = SYM 39142 3370 12 = = SYM 39142 3370 13 = = SYM 39142 3370 14 = = SYM 39142 3370 15 = = SYM 39142 3370 16 = = SYM 39142 3370 17 = = SYM 39142 3370 18 = = SYM 39142 3370 19 = = SYM 39142 3370 20 = = SYM 39142 3370 21 = = SYM 39142 3370 22 = = SYM 39142 3370 23 = = SYM 39142 3370 24 = = SYM 39142 3370 25 = = SYM 39142 3370 26 20 20 CD 39142 3370 27 Aa Aa NNS 39142 3370 28 = = NFP 39142 3370 29 > > XX 39142 3370 30 Aya aya CC 39142 3370 31 39 39 CD 39142 3370 32 Ulugh Ulugh NNP 39142 3370 33 Begh Begh NNP 39142 3370 34 = = NFP 39142 3370 35 > > XX 39142 3370 36 Ulugh Ulugh NNP 39142 3370 37 Beg Beg NNP 39142 3370 38 46 46 CD 39142 3370 39 Instaurata Instaurata NNP 39142 3370 40 Mecanica Mecanica NNP 39142 3370 41 = = NFP 39142 3370 42 > > XX 39142 3370 43 Instauratæ Instauratæ NNP 39142 3370 44 Mechanica Mechanica NNP 39142 3370 45 58 58 CD 39142 3370 46 Oscillatorium Oscillatorium NNP 39142 3370 47 Horologium Horologium NNP 39142 3370 48 = = SYM 39142 3370 49 > > XX 39142 3370 50 Horologium Horologium NNP 39142 3370 51 Oscillatorium Oscillatorium NNP 39142 3370 52 225 225 CD 39142 3370 53 seceded secede VBN 39142 3370 54 = = NFP 39142 3370 55 > > XX 39142 3370 56 succeeded succeed VBD 39142 3370 57 226 226 CD 39142 3370 58 areoplane areoplane NN 39142 3370 59 = = SYM 39142 3370 60 > > XX 39142 3370 61 aeroplane aeroplane NN 39142 3370 62 320 320 CD 39142 3370 63 Plate plate NN 39142 3370 64 2 2 CD 39142 3370 65 - - : 39142 3370 66 Vulpeculæ vulpeculæ NN 39142 3370 67 = = NFP 39142 3370 68 > > XX 39142 3370 69 Vulpecula Vulpecula NNP 39142 3370 70 Text Text NNP 39142 3370 71 Emphasis Emphasis NNP 39142 3370 72 _ _ NNP 39142 3370 73 Text Text NNP 39142 3370 74 _ _ NNP 39142 3370 75 - - HYPH 39142 3370 76 Italic Italic NNP 39142 3370 77 = = SYM 39142 3370 78 Text= text= NN 39142 3370 79 - - HYPH 39142 3370 80 Bold bold NN