Memoirs for the natural history of humane blood, especially the spirit of that liquor by Robert Boyle.
         Boyle, Robert, 1627-1691.
      
       
         
           1683
        
      
       Approx. 281 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 159 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images.
       
         Text Creation Partnership,
         Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) :
         2008-09 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1).
         A28998
         Wing B3993
         ESTC R25642
         09050180
         ocm 09050180
         42323
         
           
            This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of
             Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal
            . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.
          
        
      
       
         Early English books online.
      
       
         (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A28998)
         Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 42323)
         Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 1276:15)
      
       
         
           
             Memoirs for the natural history of humane blood, especially the spirit of that liquor by Robert Boyle.
             Boyle, Robert, 1627-1691.
          
           [14], 289, 7 p.
           
             Printed for Samuel Smith,
             London :
             1683/4.
          
           
             Errata: p. [4] (1st grouping)
             Reproduction of original in the Cambridge University Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
         Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford.
         Re-processed by University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. Gap elements of known extent have been transformed into placeholder characters or elements to simplify the filling in of gaps by user contributors.
      
       
         EEBO-TCP is a partnership between the Universities of Michigan and Oxford and the publisher ProQuest to create accurately transcribed and encoded texts based on the image sets published by ProQuest via their Early English Books Online (EEBO) database (http://eebo.chadwyck.com). The general aim of EEBO-TCP is to encode one copy (usually the first edition) of every monographic English-language title published between 1473 and 1700 available in EEBO.
         EEBO-TCP aimed to produce large quantities of textual data within the usual project restraints of time and funding, and therefore chose to create diplomatic transcriptions (as opposed to critical editions) with light-touch, mainly structural encoding based on the Text Encoding Initiative (http://www.tei-c.org).
         The EEBO-TCP project was divided into two phases. The 25,363 texts created during Phase 1 of the project have been released into the public domain as of 1 January 2015. Anyone can now take and use these texts for their own purposes, but we respectfully request that due credit and attribution is given to their original source.
         Users should be aware of the process of creating the TCP texts, and therefore of any assumptions that can be made about the data.
         Text selection was based on the New Cambridge Bibliography of English Literature (NCBEL). If an author (or for an anonymous work, the title) appears in NCBEL, then their works are eligible for inclusion. Selection was intended to range over a wide variety of subject areas, to reflect the true nature of the print record of the period. In general, first editions of a works in English were prioritized, although there are a number of works in other languages, notably Latin and Welsh, included and sometimes a second or later edition of a work was chosen if there was a compelling reason to do so.
         Image sets were sent to external keying companies for transcription and basic encoding. Quality assurance was then carried out by editorial teams in Oxford and Michigan. 5% (or 5 pages, whichever is the greater) of each text was proofread for accuracy and those which did not meet QA standards were returned to the keyers to be redone. After proofreading, the encoding was enhanced and/or corrected and characters marked as illegible were corrected where possible up to a limit of 100 instances per text. Any remaining illegibles were encoded as <gap>s. Understanding these processes should make clear that, while the overall quality of TCP data is very good, some errors will remain and some readable characters will be marked as illegible. Users should bear in mind that in all likelihood such instances will never have been looked at by a TCP editor.
         The texts were encoded and linked to page images in accordance with level 4 of the TEI in Libraries guidelines.
         Copies of the texts have been issued variously as SGML (TCP schema; ASCII text with mnemonic sdata character entities); displayable XML (TCP schema; characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or text strings within braces); or lossless XML (TEI P5, characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or TEI g elements).
         
          Keying and markup guidelines are available at the
           Text Creation Partnership web site
          .
        
      
       
         
         
      
    
     
       
         eng
      
       
         
           Blood -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
     
        2006-05 TCP
        Assigned for keying and markup
      
        2006-11 SPi Global
        Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images
      
        2007-05 Robyn Anspach
        Sampled and proofread
      
        2007-05 Robyn Anspach
        Text and markup reviewed and edited
      
        2008-02 pfs
        Batch review (QC) and XML conversion
      
    
  
   
     
       
         
         
         
           MEMOIRS
           FOR
           THE
           NATURAL
           HISTORY
           OF
           Humane
           Blood
           ,
           Especially
           The
           Spirit
           of
           that
           Liquor
           .
        
         
           By
           the
           Honourable
           
             ROBERT
             BOYLE
          
           Fellow
           of
           the
           
             Royal
             Society
          
           .
        
         
           
             Etsi
             enim
             haud
             pauca
             ,
             eáque
             ex
             praecipuis
             ,
             supersint
             absolvenda
             ,
             tamen
             consilium
             est
             universum
             opus
             potiùs
             promovere
             in
             multis
             ,
             quàm
             perficere
             in
             paucis
             .
          
           
             Verulam
             .
             in
             Praefat.
             ad
             Histor
             .
             Natural
             .
             &
             Experiment
             .
          
        
         
           LONDON
           ,
           Printed
           for
           
             Samuel
             Smith
          
           at
           the
           
             Princes
             Arms
          
           in
           St.
           
             Pauls
             Church-yard
          
           ,
           1683
           /
           4.
           
        
      
       
         
         
           
        
      
       
         
         
           THE
           Preface
           Introductory
           ADDRESS'D
           
             To
             the
             very
             Ingenious
             and
             Learned
             Doctor
          
           J.
           L.
           
        
         
           I
           Willingly
           acknowledge
           ,
           that
           divers
           Physicians
           have
           Amply
           and
           Learnedly
           ,
           and
           some
           of
           them
           very
           Eloquently
           ,
           set
           forth
           the
           praises
           of
           the
           Blood
           ,
           and
           manifested
           how
           noble
           and
           excellent
           a
           Liquor
           it
           is
           ,
           But
           I
           must
           beg
           their
           pardon
           if
           I
           doubt
           whether
           their
           Writings
           have
           not
           better
           celebrated
           its
           Praises
           ,
           then
           discover'd
           to
           us
           its
           Nature
           .
           For
           ,
           tho
           the
           laudable
           curiosity
           
           of
           the
           Moderns
           has
           acquainted
           us
           with
           several
           things
           not
           deliver'd
           to
           us
           by
           the
           Ancients
           ,
           yet
           ,
           if
           I
           mistake
           not
           ,
           what
           is
           generally
           known
           of
           Humane
           Blood
           ,
           is
           as
           yet
           imperfect
           enough
           ,
           and
           consists
           much
           more
           of
           Observations
           than
           Experiments
           ;
           being
           suggested
           far
           more
           by
           the
           Phaenomena
           that
           Nature
           her self
           has
           afforded
           Physicians
           ,
           than
           by
           Tryals
           industriously
           made
           ,
           to
           find
           what
           she
           will
           not
           ,
           unsolicited
           by
           Art
           ,
           discover
           .
           I
           will
           not
           be
           so
           rash
           as
           to
           say
           ,
           that
           to
           mind
           (
           as
           too
           many
           Anatomists
           have
           done
           )
           the
           Solid
           parts
           of
           the
           Body
           ,
           and
           overlook
           Enquiries
           into
           the
           Fluids
           ,
           and
           especially
           the
           Blood
           ,
           were
           little
           less
           
           improper
           in
           a
           Physician
           ,
           than
           it
           would
           be
           in
           a
           Vintner
           to
           be
           very
           solicitous
           about
           the
           Structure
           of
           his
           Cask
           ,
           and
           neglect
           the
           consideration
           of
           the
           Wine
           contain'd
           in
           it
           .
           But
           though
           I
           will
           not
           make
           so
           bold
           a
           Comparison
           ,
           yet
           when
           I
           consider
           how
           important
           a
           part
           of
           the
           Humane
           Body
           ,
           the
           Blood
           is
           ;
           and
           that
           as
           when
           it
           is
           well
           constituted
           ,
           and
           does
           orderly
           move
           ,
           it
           conveys
           nourishment
           and
           vigour
           ,
           and
           motion
           ,
           and
           in
           a
           word
           health
           to
           the
           rest
           of
           the
           living
           Engine
           :
           So
           the
           Mass
           of
           Blood
           being
           either
           vitiated
           ,
           or
           (
           which
           is
           very
           often
           the
           effect
           of
           that
           Depravation
           )
           disorderly
           mov'd
           ,
           is
           the
           Seat
           of
           divers
           ,
           and
           
           the
           Cause
           of
           most
           Diseases
           ,
           whose
           cure
           consequently
           depends
           mainly
           upon
           the
           rectifying
           of
           the
           Blood
           when
           (
           I
           say
           ,
           )
           I
           consider
           these
           things
           ,
           I
           cannot
           but
           think
           it
           an
           Omission
           ,
           that
           so
           important
           a
           Subject
           has
           not
           been
           more
           skilfully
           and
           industriously
           enquir'd
           into
           .
           But
           I
           hope
           you
           were
           not
           in
           earnest
           ,
           when
           you
           solicited
           me
           to
           repair
           that
           Omission
           .
           For
           you
           know
           ,
           I
           have
           not
           the
           Vanity
           to
           pretend
           to
           be
           a
           Physician
           .
           And
           being
           none
           ,
           I
           must
           want
           both
           the
           Skill
           and
           many
           Opportunities
           ,
           wherewith
           a
           Man
           that
           were
           professedly
           so
           ,
           would
           be
           advantag'd
           .
           And
           though
           I
           deny
           not
           that
           many
           years
           ago
           I
           propounded
           to
           some
           Ingenious
           
           Physicians
           a
           History
           of
           the
           Fluid
           parts
           of
           the
           Body
           ,
           such
           as
           the
           Humours
           and
           other
           Juices
           ,
           and
           also
           the
           Spirits
           of
           it
           ;
           and
           did
           particularly
           draw
           up
           a
           set
           of
           Enquiries
           ,
           and
           make
           divers
           Experiments
           in
           reference
           to
           the
           Blood
           ,
           yet
           those
           Papers
           being
           since
           lost
           ,
           and
           a
           long
           Tract
           of
           Time
           ,
           and
           Studies
           of
           a
           quite
           other
           nature
           ,
           having
           made
           me
           lose
           the
           Memory
           of
           most
           of
           the
           Particulars
           ;
           I
           find
           my self
           unable
           to
           contribute
           any
           thing
           considerable
           to
           your
           laudable
           design
           .
           And
           as
           all
           the
           search
           your
           Commands
           oblig'd
           me
           to
           make
           after
           my
           Papers
           ,
           has
           hitherto
           prov'd
           fruitless
           ,
           so
           they
           having
           been
           written
           when
           I
           had
           far
           more
           
           Health
           ,
           Vigour
           ,
           and
           Leisure
           than
           I
           now
           have
           ,
           and
           when
           my
           Thoughts
           were
           much
           more
           conversant
           with
           Medicinal
           Subjects
           ;
           any
           thing
           that
           I
           shall
           now
           present
           you
           about
           the
           Blood
           ,
           will
           not
           only
           be
           extremely
           short
           of
           what
           ought
           to
           be
           said
           ,
           but
           will
           also
           be
           short
           even
           of
           what
           ,
           if
           I
           mistake
           not
           ,
           I
           did
           say
           of
           it
           .
           But
           yet
           all
           this
           is
           said
           ,
           not
           to
           excuse
           me
           from
           obeying
           you
           at
           all
           ,
           but
           to
           excuse
           me
           for
           obeying
           you
           so
           unskilfully
           .
           For
           ,
           since
           you
           will
           have
           me
           set
           down
           what
           I
           can
           retrieve
           about
           Humane
           Blood
           ,
           you
           shall
           receive
           it
           in
           the
           following
           Paper
           ;
           which
           consists
           of
           Four
           Parts
           .
           The
           First
           whereof
           contains
           a
           set
           of
           Titles
           
           (
           which
           I
           call
           
             Of
             the
             First
             Order
          
           ,
           for
           Reasons
           to
           be
           given
           you
           in
           the
           Advertisements
           about
           them
           )
           towards
           the
           Natural
           and
           Medical
           History
           of
           Humane
           Blood
           ,
           which
           may
           direct
           those
           that
           want
           better
           Guides
           ,
           what
           Enquiries
           to
           make
           ,
           and
           to
           what
           Heads
           to
           refer
           ,
           what
           they
           have
           found
           by
           Observation
           or
           Tryal
           .
           But
           because
           this
           Part
           contains
           but
           bare
           Titles
           (
           whose
           Systeme
           yet
           perhaps
           I
           look
           upon
           as
           likely
           to
           make
           the
           usefullest
           part
           of
           the
           ensuing
           Papers
           )
           and
           because
           I
           have
           neither
           leisure
           nor
           Materials
           to
           answer
           all
           or
           most
           of
           the
           Titles
           ,
           I
           thought
           fit
           in
           a
           couple
           of
           Subjects
           ,
           namely
           the
           Serum
           of
           Humane
           Blood
           ,
           which
           is
           a
           
           Natural
           ,
           and
           the
           Spirit
           ,
           which
           is
           a
           Factitious
           part
           of
           it
           ,
           to
           give
           some
           instances
           of
           what
           I
           had
           thoughts
           to
           do
           on
           others
           ;
           and
           propose
           some
           Example
           to
           those
           that
           may
           be
           more
           unpractis'd
           in
           drawing
           up
           Natural
           Histories
           ,
           than
           the
           general
           design
           and
           course
           of
           my
           Studies
           of
           Natural
           Things
           permitted
           me
           to
           be
           .
           And
           what
           is
           said
           on
           these
           two
           Subjects
           ,
           makes
           the
           Third
           and
           Fourth
           Part
           of
           these
           Papers
           .
           As
           for
           the
           other
           Titles
           (
           of
           the
           History
           of
           the
           Blood
           )
           I
           contented
           my self
           ,
           in
           compliance
           with
           my
           haste
           ,
           to
           set
           down
           what
           occur'd
           to
           me
           in
           the
           Casual
           Order
           wherein
           they
           offer'd
           themselves
           ;
           without
           scrupling
           
           to
           mingle
           here
           and
           there
           among
           the
           Historical
           Notes
           ,
           some
           Experiments
           that
           I
           formerly
           but
           design'd
           ,
           as
           Tryals
           that
           might
           prove
           Luciferous
           ,
           whatever
           the
           event
           should
           be
           .
           This
           Rapsody
           of
           my
           own
           Observations
           makes
           one
           of
           the
           Four
           Parts
           ,
           and
           the
           Second
           in
           Order
           ,
           of
           what
           your
           Commands
           embolden
           me
           to
           offer
           you
           at
           this
           time
           .
           And
           I
           shall
           be
           very
           glad
           to
           be
           so
           happy
           as
           to
           find
           ,
           that
           by
           doing
           a
           thing
           ,
           that
           I
           am
           wont
           to
           do
           so
           delightfully
           as
           to
           obey
           you
           ,
           I
           have
           by
           breaking
           the
           Ice
           contributed
           something
           to
           so
           noble
           and
           useful
           a
           work
           as
           
             the
             History
             of
             Humane
             Blood.
          
           About
           which
           ,
           that
           I
           may
           not
           make
           the
           Porch
           much
           
           too
           great
           for
           the
           Building
           ,
           I
           shall
           add
           to
           this
           Preamble
           nothing
           but
           these
           two
           Advertisements
           ;
           of
           which
           the
           First
           shall
           be
           ,
           That
           it
           is
           not
           my
           design
           in
           these
           Papers
           ,
           to
           treat
           of
           my
           Subject
           ,
           as
           it
           may
           be
           consider'd
           (
           to
           borrow
           a
           School
           Phrase
           )
           
             in
             fieri
          
           ,
           which
           would
           have
           oblig'd
           me
           to
           trace
           the
           Progress
           from
           the
           reception
           of
           Aliments
           at
           the
           Mouth
           ,
           to
           the
           full
           Elaboration
           ,
           which
           were
           to
           write
           the
           History
           of
           Sanguification
           as
           well
           as
           that
           of
           Blood
           ;
           but
           to
           treat
           of
           this
           Liquor
           as
           't
           is
           compleatly
           elaborated
           ,
           and
           that
           too
           ,
           not
           as
           't
           is
           form'd
           in
           the
           Vessels
           of
           a
           living
           Body
           ,
           but
           as
           it
           is
           Extravasated
           ,
           and
           let
           out
           by
           the
           Lancet
           ;
           
           such
           Blood
           alone
           being
           that
           on
           which
           I
           had
           some
           opportunity
           to
           make
           Tryals
           ,
           and
           to
           this
           first
           Advertisement
           ,
           I
           shall
           subjoyn
           as
           the
           Second
           ,
           That
           in
           the
           following
           Papers
           I
           have
           ,
           as
           the
           Title
           intimates
           ,
           treated
           but
           of
           such
           Humane
           Blood
           ,
           as
           was
           taken
           from
           sound
           Persons
           ;
           both
           because
           being
           no
           profess'd
           Physician
           ,
           I
           had
           not
           the
           Opportunities
           of
           Examining
           that
           of
           Sick
           Persons
           molested
           with
           particular
           Diseases
           ,
           (
           which
           yet
           would
           much
           conduce
           to
           a
           compleat
           History
           of
           the
           Blood
           ;
           )
           and
           because
           the
           Knowledge
           of
           the
           Nature
           of
           the
           Blood
           ,
           when
           't
           is
           rightly
           conditioned
           ,
           is
           necessary
           to
           those
           that
           would
           discern
           ,
           in
           
           what
           particulars
           ,
           and
           how
           far
           it
           deviates
           in
           the
           Sick
           ,
           according
           to
           that
           generally
           received
           Axiome
           ,
           
             Rectum
             est
             Index
             sui
             &
             Obliqui
          
           :
           On
           which
           account
           the
           Scheme
           of
           Titles
           drawn
           up
           for
           the
           
             History
             of
             Healthy
             Blood
          
           ,
           may
           serve
           for
           a
           direction
           to
           any
           that
           would
           write
           the
           
             History
             of
             Morbid
             or
             Depraved
             Blood
          
           in
           any
           particular
           Disease
           ,
           as
           a
           Pleurisie
           ,
           a
           Quartan
           Ague
           ,
           the
           Dropsy
           ,
           the
           Scurvy
           ,
           &c.
           
           For
           having
           compared
           the
           Qualities
           and
           Accidents
           of
           this
           vitiated
           Blood
           ,
           with
           those
           of
           the
           Blood
           of
           Sound
           Men
           deliver'd
           in
           the
           forementioned
           Systeme
           of
           Titles
           ,
           't
           will
           not
           be
           difficult
           for
           a
           Physician
           to
           find
           ,
           to
           what
           heads
           he
           is
           to
           
           refer
           those
           things
           that
           considerably
           recede
           from
           such
           as
           belong
           to
           Healthy
           Blood.
           And
           these
           Recessions
           or
           Depravations
           ,
           with
           perhaps
           a
           few
           Additions
           of
           some
           Peculiarities
           ,
           if
           any
           occur
           ,
           will
           make
           up
           the
           History
           of
           the
           Blood
           as
           't
           is
           wont
           to
           be
           vitiated
           in
           that
           Particular
           Disease
           ,
           one
           General
           Admonition
           sufficing
           (
           if
           that
           it self
           be
           not
           unnecessary
           )
           to
           make
           the
           Reader
           take
           notice
           ,
           that
           in
           all
           other
           Points
           the
           Blood
           of
           Persons
           sick
           of
           that
           Disease
           is
           not
           unlike
           that
           of
           those
           that
           are
           Healthy
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           This
           Book
           being
           Printed
           in
           the
           absence
           of
           the
           Author
           ,
           some
           Errata's
           have
           escaped
           the
           Press
           which
           be
           pleas'd
           to
           correct
           thus
           .
        
         
           PAg.
           4.
           line
           4.
           for
           
             he
             takes
          
           read
           
             it
             takes
          
           .
           p.
           12.
           l.
           8.
           for
           he
           r.
           
             the.
             ibid.
          
           l.
           14.
           for
           Sorts
           r.
           Salts
           .
           p.
           18.
           l.
           23
           for
           
             a
             Blood
          
           r
           
             Blood.
             ibid.
          
           l.
           24.
           for
           Liquor
           r.
           
             a
             Liquor
          
           .
           p.
           30.
           l.
           12.
           for
           Vrine
           r.
           Wine
           .
           p.
           57.
           l.
           15.
           for
           or
           ,
           r.
           and.
           p.
           65.
           l.
           5.
           for
           ℥
           viij
           .
           r.
           ℥
           viijss
           .
           p.
           70.
           l.
           25.
           for
           
             the
             Water
          
           .
           r.
           
             in
             the
             Water
          
           .
           p.
           77.
           l.
           25.
           for
           at
           r.
           a.
           p.
           100.
           l.
           5.
           for
           which
           r.
           with
           ,
           p.
           140.
           l.
           2.
           for
           
             operation
             of
             this
          
           r.
           
             operation
             .
             Of
             this
          
           .
           p.
           157.
           l.
           18.
           for
           weeks
           r.
           
             months
             .
             ibid.
          
           l.
           19.
           for
           months
           r.
           weeks
           .
           p.
           187.
           l.
           10.
           these
           words
           ,
           
             For
             the
             sixt
             Salt
             of
             Blood
             does
             it self
             much
             resemble
             Sea-Salt
             ,
             whether
             its
             Spirit
             be
             Acid
             or
             no
             ,
          
           should
           be
           included
           in
           a
           Parenthesis
           .
           p.
           190.
           l.
           12.
           for
           so
           r.
           
             so
             close
          
           ,
           p.
           194.
           l.
           15
           ,
           for
           base
           r.
           bare
           .
           p.
           215.
           l.
           21.
           for
           
           Dephlegm'd
           Sulphur
           r.
           
             Dephlegm'd
             ,
             Sulphur
          
           .
           p.
           217.
           l.
           10
           for
           +
           
             in
             which
          
           r.
           
             in
             which
          
           .
           p.
           225.
           l.
           11.
           for
           Histories
           r.
           History
           .
           p.
           228.
           l.
           13.
           for
           
             their
             remain'd
          
           ℥
           ij
           .
           +
           .
           r.
           
             there
             remain'd
          
           ℥
           iij.
           +
           .
           p.
           229.
           l.
           10.
           for
           portion
           r.
           proportion
           .
           p.
           230.
           l.
           9.
           for
           their
           r.
           
             there
             ,
             ibid.
          
           l.
           10.
           for
           Fourteen
           r.
           Thirteen
           .
           p.
           233.
           l.
           3.
           for
           
             subliming
             Salt
          
           r.
           
             subliming
             the
             Salt.
          
           p.
           234.
           dele
           the
           first
           three
           lines
           
             Experiments
             belonging
          
           ,
           &c.
           p.
           252.
           l.
           15.
           for
           by
           r.
           
             that
             by
             .
             ibid.
          
           l.
           16.
           for
           what
           r.
           
             one
             may
             see
             what
          
           .
           p.
           259.
           l.
           3.
           deest
           [
           
             Experiment
             I.
          
           ]
           p.
           268.
           l.
           12.
           after
           made
           deest
           .
           [
           Having
           set
           down
           these
           Preliminaries
           ,
           I
           shall
           proceed
           to
           ]
           
             Experiment
             I.
          
           &c.
           p.
           274.
           l.
           3.
           deest
           [
           eight
           .
           ]
           p
           282.
           for
           Conclusion
           r.
           Post-script
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
           THE
           Natural
           History
           OF
           Humane
           Blood.
           PART
           .
           I.
           
             Containing
             A
             List
             of
             Titles
             for
             the
             History
             of
          
           Humane
           Blood
           
             .
             To
             which
             are
             Premis'd
             some
             Advertisements
             about
             them
             .
          
        
         
           THat
           the
           Scope
           and
           meaning
           of
           the
           ensuing
           Scheme
           of
           Titles
           ,
           (
           and
           divers
           others
           that
           I
           drew
           up
           for
           differing
           Subjects
           )
           may
           be
           the
           more
           clearly
           understood
           ,
           I
           must
           lay
           down
           in
           this
           place
           some
           passages
           borrowed
           from
           
           the
           (
           unpublish'd
           )
           Essay
           or
           Letter
           I
           wrote
           to
           Mr.
           Oldenburg
           (
           Secretary
           to
           the
           R.
           Society
           )
           about
           the
           way
           of
           compileing
           a
           Natural
           History
           .
           I
           propos'd
           then
           in
           that
           tract
           three
           sorts
           of
           Heads
           ,
           to
           which
           the
           particulars
           that
           might
           occurr
           ,
           and
           properly
           belong
           to
           the
           History
           of
           the
           Subject
           to
           be
           treated
           of
           ,
           whether
           a
           Body
           ,
           or
           a
           Quality
           or
           an
           Operation
           ,
           or
           a
           Process
           ,
           (
           that
           is
           ,
           a
           progressive
           change
           )
           might
           conveniently
           be
           referred
           .
           These
           distinct
           sets
           of
           Topicks
           or
           Enquiries
           I
           call
           Orders
           ,
           Ranks
           or
           classes
           ,
           and
           because
           to
           each
           of
           these
           sets
           ,
           it
           was
           found
           by
           Experience
           ,
           that
           things
           of
           somewhat
           differing
           nature
           were
           to
           be
           referr'd
           ,
           as
           Queries
           more
           properly
           So
           called
           ,
           Propositions
           either
           Affirmative
           or
           Negative
           ,
           and
           other
           Heads
           of
           Natural
           History
           ,
           that
           are
           less
           fit
           to
           be
           reduc'd
           to
           either
           of
           the
           two
           former
           Sorts
           ,
           then
           to
           be
           look'd
           upon
           as
           Subjects
           to
           be
           treated
           of
           .
           For
           this
           reason
           ,
           I
           say
           ,
           among
           others
           ,
           I
           thought
           fit
           to
           comprize
           all
           these
           sorts
           of
           particular
           Topicks
           ,
           or
           Articles
           or
           
           Inquiry
           (
           to
           use
           our
           illustrious
           
           Verulam's
           phrase
           )
           under
           the
           general
           and
           comprehensive
           name
           of
           Titles
           .
        
         
           The
           
             first
             Order
          
           or
           Classis
           of
           these
           Titles
           ,
           I
           would
           have
           to
           consist
           of
           such
           as
           occurr'd
           readily
           enough
           to
           my
           thoughts
           ,
           upon
           the
           first
           deliberate
           view
           ,
           or
           general
           Survey
           ,
           of
           the
           Subject
           to
           be
           treated
           of
           .
           For
           't
           is
           scarce
           to
           be
           expected
           that
           at
           the
           first
           attempt
           a
           man
           should
           be
           so
           clear
           sighted
           ,
           or
           so
           happy
           ,
           as
           to
           pitch
           ,
           or
           light
           upon
           as
           direct
           and
           compendious
           ways
           of
           Indagation
           ,
           and
           as
           good
           Methods
           of
           Digesting
           ,
           and
           delivering
           what
           is
           discovered
           ,
           as
           when
           a
           studious
           Enquiry
           has
           furnish'd
           him
           with
           better
           Informations
           about
           the
           Subject
           he
           is
           to
           treat
           of
           ;
           and
           therefore
           it
           may
           suffice
           for
           the
           first
           time
           ,
           that
           the
           mind
           do
           as
           it
           were
           walk
           round
           the
           Object
           ,
           it
           is
           to
           contemplate
           ,
           and
           view
           it
           on
           every
           side
           ,
           observing
           what
           differing
           Prospects
           it
           will
           that
           way
           afford
           ,
           (
           as
           when
           a
           Painter
           or
           an
           Anatomist
           
           looks
           upon
           a
           mans
           Body
           ,
           first
           when
           the
           Face
           and
           Belly
           are
           towards
           him
           ,
           then
           when
           the
           Back
           and
           other
           hinder
           parts
           are
           so
           )
           and
           that
           he
           takes
           notice
           of
           the
           Limits
           and
           Boundaries
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           of
           the
           most
           Essential
           and
           considerable
           Parts
           ,
           or
           other
           things
           that
           belong
           to
           it
           .
           Wherefore
           in
           the
           first
           Uassis
           of
           Titles
           ,
           one
           need
           not
           be
           too
           scrupulous
           about
           the
           enumerating
           ,
           and
           marshalling
           the
           Particulars
           referable
           to
           it
           ,
           but
           may
           be
           more
           Solicitous
           ,
           that
           the
           Titles
           should
           be
           various
           ,
           and
           comprehensive
           enough
           ,
           than
           that
           they
           should
           be
           nicely
           Methodical
           ,
           and
           much
           less
           than
           that
           they
           should
           be
           accommodated
           to
           any
           particular
           Hypothesis
           .
           And
           because
           ,
           even
           at
           the
           first
           deliberate
           view
           ,
           some
           (
           though
           perhaps
           very
           few
           )
           of
           these
           Titles
           may
           appear
           considerable
           ,
           and
           fertile
           enough
           to
           deserve
           ,
           that
           there
           should
           to
           each
           of
           them
           be
           refer'd
           two
           or
           a
           greater
           number
           of
           Subordinate
           ,
           and
           more
           particular
           Topicks
           ;
           I
           thought
           fit
           for
           methods
           sake
           to
           call
           the
           Capital
           
           Titles
           ,
           that
           is
           those
           of
           the
           first
           
             Classis
             ,
             Primary
             Titles
          
           ,
           and
           the
           Subordinate
           ,
           
             Secondary
             ones
          
           .
           [
           Of
           which
           Distinction
           a
           Notable
           Instance
           will
           be
           met
           with
           in
           what
           is
           hereafter
           delivered
           ,
           about
           the
           Spirit
           of
           Humane
           Blood.
           All
           the
           Sixteen
           Titles
           together
           with
           the
           Appendix
           ,
           contained
           in
           that
           Epistolary
           Discourse
           ,
           being
           Secondary
           Titles
           ,
           referable
           to
           that
           Primary
           one
           ,
           which
           is
           the
           Eighteenth
           in
           the
           first
           Classis
           of
           the
           History
           of
           Humane
           Blood.
           ]
        
         
           When
           by
           Reading
           ,
           Conference
           ,
           Meditation
           ,
           and
           (
           which
           is
           here
           mainly
           to
           be
           consider'd
           )
           the
           Tryals
           suggested
           in
           the
           Topics
           of
           the
           first
           Classis
           ,
           or
           order
           ,
           the
           Naturalist
           has
           receiv'd
           the
           best
           and
           fullest
           Information
           he
           can
           procure
           ,
           of
           all
           that
           belongs
           to
           the
           Subject
           he
           is
           to
           treat
           of
           ,
           he
           may
           then
           proceed
           to
           frame
           another
           set
           of
           Titles
           ,
           which
           may
           be
           called
           the
           Second
           ,
           or
           (
           if
           no
           other
           interpose
           )
           the
           last
           Order
           or
           Classis
           of
           them
           ,
           which
           ,
           if
           he
           have
           been
           diligent
           and
           any
           
           thing
           prosperous
           ,
           will
           be
           much
           more
           copious
           and
           better
           rang'd
           than
           the
           first
           .
        
         
           For
           now
           divers
           things
           will
           in
           likelyhood
           appear
           to
           belong
           to
           the
           Subject
           of
           the
           History
           ,
           which
           were
           not
           at
           first
           taken
           notice
           of
           to
           do
           so
           ,
           yea
           perhaps
           were
           not
           at
           all
           thought
           of
           ,
           and
           the
           further
           discovery
           made
           of
           the
           nature
           of
           the
           thing
           treated
           of
           ,
           may
           direct
           the
           Historian
           to
           range
           his
           Topics
           ,
           or
           Titles
           in
           a
           better
           Order
           ,
           and
           more
           natural
           Method
           ,
           than
           those
           of
           the
           
             first
             Classis
          
           .
           And
           ,
           which
           is
           a
           thing
           of
           far
           greater
           Moment
           ,
           divers
           ,
           and
           perhaps
           most
           ,
           of
           the
           Particular
           Titles
           will
           appear
           to
           be
           of
           greater
           extent
           ,
           or
           more
           comprehensive
           ,
           than
           they
           were
           formerly
           conceived
           to
           be
           :
           so
           that
           a
           Particular
           Title
           may
           well
           be
           thought
           fit
           to
           be
           branch'd
           into
           many
           Subordinate
           Topics
           ,
           or
           Articles
           (
           which
           we
           lately
           called
           Secondary
           Titles
           )
           some
           one
           of
           which
           may
           perhaps
           comprize
           as
           many
           Experiments
           ,
           or
           Observations
           ,
           as
           't
           was
           at
           first
           guess'd
           
           would
           appertain
           to
           the
           prime
           or
           more
           general
           Title
           itself
           .
           And
           from
           the
           Materials
           orderly
           drawn
           together
           under
           this
           last
           set
           or
           Classis
           of
           Titles
           ,
           with
           some
           requisite
           changes
           in
           point
           of
           Method
           ,
           and
           Connexions
           ,
           and
           some
           Additional
           things
           as
           Transitions
           &c.
           by
           the
           help
           I
           say
           ,
           of
           such
           Alterations
           and
           Additions
           ,
           the
           Particulars
           whereof
           the
           last
           Order
           or
           Classis
           consists
           ,
           may
           be
           digested
           and
           framed
           into
           an
           Inchoate
           Natural
           History
           of
           the
           Subject
           they
           have
           relation
           to
           ;
           I
           said
           ,
           an
           
             Inchoate
             History
          
           ,
           to
           intimate
           ,
           hat
           even
           after
           all
           that
           has
           been
           already
           done
           ,
           I
           think
           it
           too
           probable
           that
           the
           History
           will
           hereafter
           appear
           to
           have
           been
           rather
           begun
           then
           compleated
           ,
           the
           nature
           of
           things
           ,
           &
           the
           Industry
           of
           skilful
           men
           being
           so
           very
           fertile
           ,
           that
           the
           knowledg
           of
           the
           Subject
           of
           the
           History
           will
           from
           time
           to
           time
           be
           encreas'd
           ,
           and
           so
           the
           History
           it self
           may
           be
           enlarged
           and
           corrected
           ,
           but
           will
           not
           ,
           I
           fear
           in
           many
           Ages
           ,
           if
           ever
           it
           be
           at
           all
           ,
           be
           made
           absolutely
           perfect
           .
        
         
         
           And
           on
           this
           occasion
           I
           must
           add
           That
           when
           the
           Subject
           to
           be
           treated
           of
           is
           very
           comprehensive
           or
           very
           Difficult
           ,
           as
           the
           
             Generation
             of
             living
             Creatures
             ,
             Magnetism
             ,
             Fermentation
             ,
             Gravity
             ,
          
           &c.
           it
           may
           be
           very
           useful
           ,
           if
           not
           almost
           necessary
           ,
           to
           interpose
           between
           the
           Titles
           of
           the
           Last
           and
           those
           of
           the
           
             First
             Classis
          
           ,
           a
           set
           of
           Titles
           that
           may
           be
           call'd
           of
           the
           middle
           Order
           ,
           or
           Classis
           .
           For
           the
           framing
           whereof
           the
           Historian
           is
           considerately
           and
           narrowly
           to
           re-survey
           the
           Nature
           of
           the
           Subject
           ,
           and
           make
           a
           heedful
           Collation
           of
           that
           ,
           and
           of
           the
           several
           Notices
           attain'd
           by
           his
           Endeavours
           to
           furnish
           the
           differing
           Titles
           of
           the
           first
           Classis
           with
           a
           Competent
           number
           of
           Particulars
           .
           For
           by
           this
           Collation
           there
           will
           in
           likelihood
           be
           suggested
           to
           him
           ,
           many
           new
           Topics
           of
           Enquiry
           ,
           and
           Hints
           ,
           which
           added
           to
           the
           former
           will
           deserve
           to
           have
           a
           new
           Classis
           fram'd
           consisting
           of
           Articles
           more
           copious
           ,
           and
           various
           than
           the
           First
           ,
           and
           fit
           to
           be
           rang'd
           
           in
           another
           Order
           .
           It
           may
           perhaps
           illustrate
           what
           I
           have
           been
           saying
           and
           am
           going
           to
           say
           ,
           about
           the
           several
           Classes
           of
           Titles
           ,
           if
           on
           this
           occasion
           I
           shall
           add
           ,
           that
           a
           Natural
           Subject
           being
           proposed
           to
           be
           Historically
           treated
           of
           ,
           there
           may
           occurr
           something
           like
           what
           happen'd
           to
           the
           Israelites
           ,
           in
           reference
           to
           the
           Land
           of
           Canaan
           .
           For
           at
           their
           first
           entrance
           into
           it
           ,
           Joshua
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           Spyes
           took
           a
           transient
           view
           of
           the
           Country
           ,
           and
           could
           bring
           back
           but
           an
           unaccurate
           account
           of
           it
           ,
           together
           with
           a
           little
           of
           the
           most
           remarkable
           Fruit.
           But
           upon
           a
           second
           Expedition
           ,
           the
           Spyes
           were
           furnished
           with
           fuller
           Instructions
           ,
           and
           order'd
           to
           direct
           their
           Researches
           to
           the
           answering
           of
           a
           great
           many
           particular
           Articles
           of
           Enquiry
           ;
           their
           Industry
           to
           answer
           which
           produced
           in
           Methodical
           Tables
           or
           Schemes
           ,
           a
           far
           more
           copious
           and
           distinct
           Chorography
           ,
           and
           Survey
           of
           the
           fruitfull
           land
           of
           Canaan
           .
        
         
           It
           is
           scarce
           to
           be
           expected
           that
           
           at
           the
           very
           first
           time
           the
           Titles
           ,
           whether
           Primary
           or
           Secondary
           ,
           of
           a
           natural
           History
           should
           be
           made
           so
           comprehensive
           ,
           and
           be
           so
           skilfully
           bounded
           ,
           as
           not
           to
           need
           to
           be
           either
           enlarged
           ,
           or
           reformed
           by
           Second
           Thoughts
           ,
           and
           a
           further
           Progress
           in
           the
           Practical
           knowledge
           of
           the
           Subject
           treated
           of
           .
           I
           therefore
           thought
           it
           necessary
           ,
           or
           at
           least
           useful
           ,
           to
           subjoin
           to
           the
           first
           Edition
           of
           the
           Titles
           of
           each
           of
           the
           Natural
           Histories
           ,
           I
           delineated
           ,
           a
           Mantissa
           or
           Appendix
           ,
           that
           should
           consist
           of
           two
           Sorts
           of
           Particulars
           ;
           viz
           ,
           Paralipomena
           and
           other
           Addenda
           ,
           whereof
           the
           first
           should
           contain
           such
           things
           ,
           as
           may
           be
           properly
           referrable
           to
           some
           one
           or
           more
           of
           the
           Titles
           ,
           (
           either
           Primary
           ,
           or
           Secondary
           ,
           )
           distinctly
           enumerated
           in
           the
           Scheme
           of
           the
           History
           ,
           and
           were
           but
           by
           haste
           or
           oversight
           kept
           from
           having
           place
           among
           them
           .
           The
           other
           consists
           of
           new
           Particulars
           ,
           that
           ,
           
           after
           the
           History
           was
           written
           ,
           were
           Suggested
           by
           further
           Discoveries
           ;
           whether
           these
           Particulars
           did
           directly
           belong
           to
           any
           of
           the
           preceding
           Titles
           ,
           or
           might
           only
           in
           a
           general
           way
           contribute
           somewhat
           to
           the
           knowledge
           ,
           or
           illustration
           of
           the
           Subject
           .
        
         
           
             Titles
             of
             the
             First
             Order
             .
             For
             the
             Natural
             History
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             of
             Healthy
             men
             .
          
           
             1
             OF
             the
             Colours
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             Arterial
             and
             Venal
             .
          
           
             2.
             
             Of
             the
             Tast
             of
             Humane
             Blood.
             
          
           
             3.
             
             Of
             the
             Odours
             of
             Humane
             Blood.
             
          
           
             4.
             
             Of
             the
             Heat
             of
             freshly
             emitted
             Humane
             Blood.
             
          
           
             5.
             
             Of
             the
             Inflammability
             ,
             and
             some
             other
             Qualities
             of
             Humane
             Blood.
             
          
           
             6.
             
             Of
             the
             Aerial
             Particles
             naturally
             mix'd
             with
             Humane
             
             Blood
             ;
             and
             also
             found
             in
             its
             distinct
             Parts
             .
          
           
             7.
             
             Of
             the
             Specifick
             Gravity
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             entire
             .
          
           
             8.
             
             Of
             the
             Specifick
             Gravity
             of
             the
             two
             obvious
             Parts
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             the
             Red
             (
             and
             Fibrous
             )
             and
             he
             Serous
             .
          
           
             9.
             
             Of
             the
             Consistence
             of
             entire
             Humane
             Blood.
             
          
           
             10.
             
             Of
             the
             Disposition
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             to
             Concretion
             ,
             and
             the
             Time
             wherein
             it
             is
             performed
             .
          
           
             11.
             
             Of
             the
             Liquors
             and
             Sorts
             that
             coagulate
             Humane
             Blood.
             
          
           
             12.
             
             Of
             the
             Liquors
             and
             Salts
             that
             impede
             or
             dissolve
             its
             coagulation
             .
          
           
             13.
             
             Of
             the
             Liquors
             ,
             &c.
             that
             preserve
             Humane
             Blood.
             
          
           
             14.
             
             Of
             the
             Mixtures
             that
             Humane
             Blood
             may
             admit
             from
             Aliments
             .
          
           
             15.
             
             Of
             the
             Spontaneous
             or
             natural
             Analysis
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             into
             a
             Serous
             and
             a
             Fibrous
             part
             .
          
           
             16.
             
             Of
             the
             respective
             Quantities
             of
             the
             Serous
             and
             Fibrous
             part
             of
             
             Humane
             Blood.
             
          
           
             17.
             
             Of
             the
             Differences
             between
             the
             Serous
             and
             the
             Red
             part
             of
             Humane
             Blood.
             
          
           
             18.
             
             Of
             the
             Artificial
             or
             Chymical
             Analysis
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             and
             first
             of
             its
             Spirit
             .
          
           
             19.
             
             Of
             the
             Vol.
             Salt
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             and
             its
             Figures
             .
          
           
             20.
             
             Of
             the
             Phlegm
             of
             Distill'd
             Humane
             Blood.
             
          
           
             21.
             
             Of
             the
             two
             Oyls
             of
             Humane
             Blood.
             
          
           
             22.
             
             Of
             the
             Fixt
             Salt
             of
             Humane
             Blood.
             
          
           
             23.
             
             Of
             the
             
               Terra
               Damnata
            
             of
             Humane
             Blood.
             
          
           
             24.
             
             Of
             the
             Proportion
             of
             the
             differing
             Substances
             chymically
             obtain'd
             from
             Humane
             Blood.
             
          
           
             25.
             
             Of
             the
             Fermentation
             or
             Putrefaction
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             and
             its
             Phoenomena
             .
          
           
             26.
             
             Of
             the
             Mechanical
             uses
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             as
             in
             Husbandry
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             27.
             
             Of
             the
             Chymical
             uses
             of
             Humane
             Blood.
             
          
           
             
             28.
             
             Of
             the
             Medicinal
             uses
             of
             Humane
             Blood.
             
          
           
             29.
             
             Of
             the
             Difference
             between
             Humane
             Blood
             as
             't
             is
             found
             in
             sound
             Persons
             differingly
             constituted
             and
             circumstantiated
             ,
             as
             men
             ,
             women
             ,
             (
             when
             menstruous
             ,
             and
             when
             not
             )
             Children
             Moors
             ,
             Negro's
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             30.
             
             Of
             the
             Affinity
             and
             Difference
             between
             the
             Blood
             of
             men
             ,
             and
             that
             of
             divers
             other
             Animals
             ,
             as
             Quadrupeds
             ,
             Birds
             ,
             Fishes
             ,
             and
             Sanguineous
             Insects
             .
          
        
         
           
             An
             Appendix
             ,
             containing
          
           
             1.
             
             PAralipomena
             relating
             to
             the
             History
             of
             Humane
             Blood.
             
          
           
             2.
             
             Miscellaneous
             Observations
             ,
             Experiments
             and
             Enquiries
             about
             Humane
             Blood
             (
             to
             be
             added
             to
             the
             History
             of
             it
             .
             )
          
        
         
         
           I
           do
           not
           think
           it
           unlikely
           that
           some
           of
           the
           Titles
           of
           our
           intended
           History
           of
           Blood
           and
           a
           greater
           number
           of
           the
           particulars
           that
           you
           will
           meet
           with
           in
           it
           ,
           may
           seem
           frivolous
           to
           you
           at
           the
           first
           perusal
           .
           But
           perhaps
           in
           process
           of
           time
           ,
           these
           very
           things
           will
           not
           appear
           impertinent
           ,
           nor
           be
           found
           useless
           .
           For
           't
           is
           a
           matter
           ,
           as
           of
           more
           difficulty
           ,
           so
           of
           more
           utility
           ,
           than
           men
           are
           wont
           at
           first
           to
           discern
           ,
           to
           find
           out
           ,
           and
           bring
           into
           a
           narrow
           compass
           ,
           a
           considerable
           number
           of
           particulars
           relating
           to
           one
           Subject
           ,
           and
           present
           them
           as
           it
           were
           at
           one
           view
           ,
           to
           the
           Intellect
           to
           act
           upon
           And
           there
           is
           many
           a
           particular
           Experiment
           o●
           Observation
           which
           upon
           the
           first
           ,
           or
           perhaps
           the
           2d
           reading
           may
           seem
           but
           slight
           or
           Superfluous
           ,
           which
           afterwards
           is
           found
           capable
           of
           being
           made
           good
           use
           of
           by
           those
           who
           seriously
           intend
           ,
           and
           endeavour
           to
           attain
           ,
           not
           a
           maim'd
           or
           a
           Superficial
           ,
           but
           a
           deep
           and
           solid
           knowledge
           of
           the
           Subject
           of
           their
           
           Enquiry
           .
           And
           to
           such
           Indagators
           many
           particulars
           ,
           that
           at
           first
           were
           past
           by
           unregarded
           ,
           because
           there
           appeared
           no
           direct
           use
           or
           obvious
           application
           of
           them
           ,
           will
           be
           found
           serviceable
           to
           hint
           new
           Hypotheses
           or
           Theories
           ,
           or
           to
           illustrate
           them
           ,
           to
           examine
           those
           of
           others
           ,
           and
           if
           they
           be
           true
           ,
           to
           confirm
           them
           ,
           and
           if
           erroneous
           ,
           to
           confute
           them
           .
           For
           ,
           to
           be
           short
           ,
           the
           knowledge
           of
           matters
           of
           fact
           cannot
           but
           be
           some
           way
           or
           other
           ,
           and
           probably
           more
           ways
           than
           one
           ,
           serviceable
           to
           a
           Naturalist
           ,
           that
           has
           Sagacity
           and
           Judgment
           to
           make
           a
           right
           use
           of
           them
           .
        
         
           Having
           already
           advertis'd
           you
           ,
           that
           the
           following
           Papers
           treat
           of
           none
           but
           Extravasated
           Blood
           ,
           since
           I
           had
           no
           other
           at
           command
           ,
           to
           make
           my
           Tryals
           upon
           ;
           I
           presume
           you
           will
           not
           wonder
           that
           you
           find
           not
           in
           the
           Scheme
           of
           Titles
           such
           as
           these
           .
        
         
           Of
           the
           Process
           of
           Sanguification
           ,
           or
           the
           Series
           of
           changes
           that
           the
           Aliment
           successively
           undergoes
           ,
           from
           
           its
           being
           taken
           in
           at
           the
           mouth
           ,
           till
           it
           be
           turned
           into
           Blood.
           
        
         
           Of
           the
           motions
           of
           the
           Mass
           of
           Blood
           ,
           and
           particularly
           its
           Circulation
           .
        
         
           Of
           the
           Chyle
           ,
           Lympha
           ,
           and
           other
           Liquors
           ,
           that
           are
           suppos'd
           to
           enter
           and
           mingle
           with
           the
           Blood.
           
        
         
           Whether
           the
           Humours
           ,
           Phlegm
           ,
           Gall
           ,
           and
           Melancholy
           ,
           be
           really
           contained
           in
           the
           Blood
           ,
           as
           constituent
           Parts
           of
           it
           .
        
         
           Whether
           some
           other
           substances
           may
           not
           with
           as
           much
           reason
           be
           admitted
           into
           the
           composition
           of
           the
           Blood.
           
        
         
           These
           ,
           as
           I
           was
           saying
           ,
           and
           perhaps
           some
           other
           Titles
           should
           have
           been
           added
           ,
           if
           my
           Design
           had
           reached
           further
           ,
           than
           to
           treat
           of
           Blood
           separated
           from
           the
           Body
           ,
           and
           I
           wish
           that
           you
           ,
           who
           by
           your
           Abilities
           and
           Profession
           are
           far
           better
           qualify'd
           than
           I
           for
           such
           a
           work
           ,
           would
           fill
           up
           these
           ,
           Titles
           and
           add
           them
           ,
           some
           as
           Preliminaries
           ,
           and
           others
           as
           Appendices
           ,
           
           to
           the
           History
           of
           Blood
           I
           have
           adventur'd
           to
           begin
           .
        
         
           Perhaps
           it
           may
           not
           be
           altogether
           impertinent
           to
           add
           ,
           that
           I
           had
           once
           some
           Thoughts
           of
           a
           Designation
           of
           a
           Natural
           History
           of
           other
           Liquors
           of
           a
           humane
           Body
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           the
           Blood
           ;
           I
           mean
           such
           as
           the
           Gall
           ,
           the
           Lympha
           ,
           the
           
             Succus
             Pancreaticus
          
           ,
           Spittle
           ,
           Urine
           ,
           Milk
           ,
           &c.
           
           But
           I
           quickly
           perceiv'd
           it
           was
           fit
           for
           me
           to
           resign
           such
           Tasks
           to
           Physicians
           ;
           only
           I
           shall
           here
           Subjoin
           ,
           as
           a
           small
           Specimen
           ,
           a
           set
           of
           Titles
           for
           the
           History
           of
           Urine
           ,
           which
           though
           by
           reason
           of
           its
           Affinity
           in
           many
           regards
           to
           Blood
           ,
           it
           must
           have
           many
           Titles
           in
           common
           with
           it
           ,
           yet
           some
           will
           be
           differing
           according
           to
           the
           nature
           of
           the
           Subject
           ;
           which
           (
           Liquor
           )
           I
           therefore
           pitch
           upon
           ,
           because
           I
           dare
           own
           to
           you
           ,
           and
           I
           do
           it
           not
           without
           Premeditation
           ,
           and
           having
           wrought
           on
           Urine
           longer
           than
           on
           a
           Blood
           itself
           ,
           that
           I
           think
           Urine
           to
           be
           a
           Liquor
           ,
           which
           ,
           as
           much
           despis'd
           as
           it
           is
           by
           others
           ,
           deserves
           to
           be
           solicitously
           enquir'd
           
           into
           by
           Physicians
           ,
           Naturalists
           ,
           and
           upon
           special
           Accounts
           by
           Chymists
           ;
           who
           will
           perhaps
           be
           excited
           to
           seek
           and
           hope
           for
           great
           matters
           ,
           both
           for
           Medicine
           and
           Alchymy
           ,
           from
           this
           Liquor
           skilfully
           handled
           ,
           when
           they
           consider
           that
           the
           Phosphorus
           ,
           of
           which
           I
           have
           elsewhere
           related
           so
           many
           new
           ,
           and
           some
           of
           them
           surprizing
           ,
           Phaenomena
           ,
           is
           made
           ,
           at
           least
           according
           to
           my
           way
           of
           Meer
           Urine
           by
           a
           Simple
           Distillation
           .
        
         
           
           
             Titles
             of
             the
             First
             Classis
             ,
             For
             the
             Natural
             History
             of
             Humane
             Vrine
             emitted
             by
             Healthy
             men
             .
          
           
             1.
             
             OF
             the
             Colours
             of
             Humane
             Urine
             .
          
           
             2.
             
             Of
             the
             Tast
             of
             Humane
             Urine
             .
          
           
             3.
             
             Of
             the
             odours
             of
             Humane
             Urine
             fresh
             and
             putrify'd
             .
          
           
             4.
             
             Of
             the
             Heat
             and
             Cold
             of
             Humane
             Urine
             .
          
           
             5.
             
             Of
             the
             Specific
             Gravity
             of
             Humane
             Urine
             .
          
           
             6.
             
             Of
             the
             Consistence
             of
             Humane
             Urine
             ,
             as
             to
             Density
             ,
             Viscosity
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             7.
             
             Of
             the
             Aerial
             Particles
             contain'd
             in
             Humane
             Urine
             .
          
           
             8.
             
             Whether
             Humane
             Urine
             is
             a
             fit
             Liquor
             for
             Fermentation
             properly
             so
             call'd
             .
          
           
             9.
             
             Of
             the
             Differences
             between
             fresh
             and
             stale
             Humane
             Urine
             .
          
           
             
             10.
             
             Of
             the
             Fermentation
             or
             Putrefaction
             of
             Humane
             Urine
             ,
             and
             the
             time
             it
             requires
             .
          
           
             11.
             
             Of
             the
             Spontaneous
             Separation
             of
             Parts
             in
             Humane
             Urine
             .
          
           
             12.
             
             Of
             the
             vulgar
             Analysis
             of
             Humane
             Urine
             by
             Distillation
             .
          
           
             13.
             
             Of
             some
             other
             ways
             of
             distilling
             Humane
             Urine
             .
          
           
             14.
             
             Of
             the
             Proportion
             of
             the
             Principles
             ,
             or
             Ingredients
             of
             Humane
             Urine
             .
          
           
             15.
             
             Of
             the
             Spirits
             of
             Humane
             Urine
             .
          
           
             16.
             
             Of
             the
             Phlegm
             of
             Humane
             Urine
             .
          
           
             17.
             
             Of
             the
             Volatile
             Salt
             of
             Humane
             Urine
             .
          
           
             18.
             
             Of
             the
             Fixt
             Salt
             of
             Humane
             Urine
             .
          
           
             19.
             
             Of
             the
             compounded
             Salt
             of
             Humane
             Urine
             .
          
           
             20.
             
             Of
             the
             shining
             Substances
             obtainable
             from
             Humane
             Urine
             .
          
           
             21.
             
             Of
             the
             Salt
             that
             is
             predominant
             in
             Humane
             Urine
             .
          
           
             
             22.
             
             Of
             the
             Empyreumatical
             Oyl
             ,
             or
             Oyls
             of
             Urine
             .
          
           
             23.
             
             Of
             the
             Mellago
             ,
             or
             Rob
             of
             Humane
             Urine
             ,
             and
             its
             uses
             .
          
           
             24.
             
             Of
             the
             
               Terra
               Damnata
            
             of
             Humane
             Urine
             .
          
           
             25.
             
             Of
             some
             accidental
             Differences
             of
             Humane
             Urine
             ,
             as
             't
             is
             emitted
             in
             the
             morning
             ,
             or
             at
             certain
             Distances
             from
             meat
             ,
             or
             after
             the
             use
             of
             certain
             Aliments
             ,
             or
             Medicaments
             ,
             as
             Sparagus
             ,
             Turpentine
             &c.
             
             Or
             at
             differing
             Seasons
             of
             the
             year
             ,
             as
             Winter
             ,
             Summer
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             26.
             
             Of
             the
             Affinity
             of
             Humane
             Urine
             with
             divers
             other
             Bodies
             ,
             especially
             Vegetable
             and
             Mineral
             .
          
           
             27.
             
             Of
             the
             Hostility
             of
             Humane
             Urine
             with
             Acids
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             28.
             
             Of
             the
             Affinity
             and
             Difference
             between
             Urine
             ,
             Blood
             ,
             Gaul
             ,
             Milk
             ,
             &c.
             and
             divers
             other
             Liquors
             ,
             or
             Juices
             belonging
             to
             the
             Animal
             Kingdom
             particularly
             of
             the
             comparison
             between
             Humane
             Urine
             and
             that
             of
             Beasts
             .
          
           
             
             29.
             
             Of
             the
             Mechanical
             uses
             of
             Human
             Urine
             .
          
           
             30.
             
             Of
             the
             Chymical
             uses
             of
             Humane
             Urine
             ,
             and
             its
             parts
             especially
             as
             Menstruums
             .
          
           
             31.
             
             Of
             the
             Medicinal
             uses
             of
             Humane
             Urine
             ,
             External
             and
             Internal
             .
          
        
         
           
             An
             Appendix
             ,
             containing
          
           
             1
             PAralipomena
             relating
             to
             the
             History
             of
             Humane
             Urine
             .
          
           
             2.
             
             Promiscuous
             Observations
             ,
             Experiments
             and
             Inquiries
             about
             Humane
             Urine
             ,
             (
             To
             be
             added
             to
             the
             History
             of
             it
             .
             )
          
        
      
       
         
         
           
             The
             II.
             Part.
          
           Containing
           Miscellaneous
           Experiments
           and
           Observations
           ,
           about
           Humane
           Blood.
           
        
         
           IF
           I
           were
           furnished
           with
           all
           the
           former
           Experiments
           ,
           Observations
           ,
           and
           Papers
           ,
           that
           at
           several
           times
           I
           made
           and
           wrote
           about
           Humane
           Blood
           ,
           or
           were
           supplyed
           with
           Materials
           and
           Opportunities
           to
           repair
           the
           want
           of
           them
           ,
           (
           as
           possibly
           ,
           God
           assisting
           ,
           I
           may
           hereafter
           be
           ,
           )
           this
           Second
           Part
           of
           our
           Work
           would
           perhaps
           appear
           much
           less
           maimed
           ,
           and
           jejune
           ,
           than
           it
           will
           now
           be
           found
           .
           But
           I
           am
           so
           sensible
           of
           the
           disadvantage
           ,
           that
           the
           want
           of
           those
           requisite
           helps
           must
           have
           brought
           to
           this
           Rapsody
           of
           unconnected
           Notes
           ,
           (
           written
           at
           differing
           times
           ,
           and
           on
           differing
           occasions
           )
           that
           I
           was
           more
           than
           once
           inclin'd
           
           totally
           to
           omit
           it
           .
           And
           't
           is
           the
           importance
           of
           the
           Subject
           ,
           upon
           which
           even
           mean
           Experiments
           may
           sometimes
           prove
           of
           good
           use
           ,
           that
           keeps
           me
           from
           suppressing
           it
           .
           Which
           I
           thus
           early
           give
           notice
           of
           ,
           that
           nothing
           more
           than
           loose
           Experiments
           ,
           and
           those
           referable
           but
           to
           some
           of
           the
           Titles
           of
           the
           History
           of
           Humane
           Blood
           ,
           (
           divers
           others
           being
           left
           untouch'd
           )
           may
           in
           the
           Second
           Part
           of
           our
           Memoirs
           be
           expected
           .
        
         
           
           
             To
             the
             IV.
             (
             Primary
             )
             Title
             OF
             THE
             
               History
               of
               Humane
               Blood
            
             ,
          
           
             
               Experiment
               I.
               
            
             
               HAving
               for
               some
               reasons
               ,
               that
               need
               not
               here
               be
               mention'd
               ,
               been
               induc'd
               to
               enquire
               of
               more
               than
               one
               person
               ,
               that
               has
               us'd
               to
               let
               many
               men
               Blood
               ,
               whether
               they
               did
               not
               observe
               ,
               that
               some
               persons
               found
               a
               manifest
               and
               considerable
               change
               in
               the
               heat
               of
               the
               Blood
               ,
               as
               it
               came
               to
               issue
               out
               first
               or
               last
               ?
               I
               was
               answered
               Affirmatively
               and
               told
               that
               several
               persons
               that
               had
               no
               Feaver
               said
               ,
               that
               after
               their
               Blood
               had
               run
               out
               a
               while
               ,
               they
               found
               it
               come
               sensibly
               hotter
               than
               before
               ;
               and
               some
               of
               them
               complain'd
               ,
               that
               it
               came
               with
               a
               degree
               of
               Heat
               that
               was
               troublesom
               ,
               and
               as
               they
               fancy'd
               ,
               ready
               to
               scald
               them
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               To
               the
               same
               Title
               OF
               THE
               
                 History
                 of
                 Humane
                 Blood.
                 Experiment
                 II.
                 
              
            
             
               I
               Got
               a
               Chirurgeon
               to
               put
               a
               seal'd
               Weather-glass
               ,
               adjusted
               by
               the
               Standard
               of
               Gresham
               Colledge
               ,
               into
               the
               Porringer
               wherein
               he
               was
               going
               to
               bleed
               a
               young
               Gentlewoman
               ,
               that
               ,
               as
               the
               Blood
               ran
               out
               of
               the
               open
               Vein
               ,
               it
               might
               fall
               upon
               the
               Ball
               of
               the
               Instrument
               ;
               in
               which
               the
               Liquor
               was
               made
               by
               the
               warmth
               to
               ascend
               a
               good
               way
               ,
               but
               not
               much
               (
               if
               at
               all
               )
               nearer
               than
               about
               an
               Inch
               to
               the
               smaller
               upper
               Ball
               of
               the
               Thermoscope
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               To
               the
               same
               Title
               ,
               Experiment
               3.
               
            
             
               BUt
               within
               less
               than
               an
               hour
               before
               this
               time
               ,
               having
               procured
               a
               man
               of
               middle
               age
               (
               that
               seemed
               healthy
               enough
               ,
               and
               was
               let
               blood
               in
               the
               same
               Shop
               by
               the
               same
               Chirurgeon
               )
               to
               bleed
               upon
               the
               same
               Weather-glass
               ,
               the
               tincted
               Spirit
               of
               Wine
               ascended
               above
               all
               the
               Marks
               belonging
               to
               the
               Stem
               ,
               and
               from
               the
               top
               of
               the
               stem
               expanded
               it self
               to
               a
               considerable
               quantity
               in
               the
               small
               upper
               Ball
               of
               the
               Stem
               ,
               (
               for
               the
               Chirurgeon
               told
               me
               it
               was
               a
               fourth
               part
               of
               the
               height
               of
               the
               Ball
               ;
               )
               so
               that
               ,
               though
               we
               could
               not
               determine
               how
               high
               it
               would
               have
               risen
               if
               the
               Stem
               had
               been
               long
               enough
               ,
               yet
               it
               seem'd
               manifest
               that
               the
               Warmth
               that
               made
               it
               rise
               ,
               did
               considerably
               exceed
               the
               
               usual
               Warmth
               of
               the
               Air
               in
               the
               Dog-days
               ,
               these
               gag'd
               Thermoscopes
               being
               wont
               to
               be
               so
               fram'd
               ,
               as
               to
               keep
               the
               Liquor
               in
               the
               Stem
               all
               the
               year
               long
               without
               sinking
               quite
               into
               the
               greater
               Ball
               in
               Winter
               ,
               or
               ascending
               into
               the
               lesser
               in
               Summer
               .
            
             
               We
               employed
               also
               ,
               when
               a
               young
               Woman
               was
               blooded
               ,
               a
               sealed
               Thermometer
               that
               was
               not
               gag'd
               ,
               but
               was
               much
               shorter
               than
               the
               other
               ,
               and
               in
               this
               the
               tincted
               Spirit
               was
               raised
               almost
               to
               the
               top
               ,
               which
               argued
               no
               inconsiderable
               degree
               of
               Heat
               .
            
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
          
           
             
             
               To
               the
               same
               Title
               ,
               Experiment
               4.
               
            
             
               I
               know
               not
               whether
               it
               may
               be
               worth
               while
               to
               take
               notice
               on
               this
               occasion
               ,
               that
               a
               Porringer
               whereinto
               a
               healthy
               man
               had
               been
               let
               blood
               having
               been
               brought
               from
               the
               Chirurgeons
               house
               to
               my
               Lodging
               ,
               though
               the
               Blood
               was
               already
               Coagulated
               ,
               yet
               when
               I
               thrust
               into
               it
               the
               Ball
               of
               the
               forementioned
               gag'd
               Thermoscope
               ,
               it
               appeared
               to
               have
               retained
               Warmth
               enough
               to
               make
               the
               Spirit
               of
               Urine
               ascend
               ,
               by
               my
               guess
               ,
               at
               least
               Three
               or
               Four
               fingers
               breadth
               above
               its
               former
               station
               .
            
          
        
         
           
           
             To
             the
             V.
             Title
             OF
             THE
             HISTORY
             .
          
           
             SInce
             Humane
             Blood
             does
             in
             Distillation
             afford
             a
             not
             inconsiderable
             quantity
             of
             Oyl
             ,
             one
             may
             well
             suppose
             it
             to
             be
             a
             Combustible
             Body
             :
             but
             every
             one
             will
             not
             think
             it
             so
             Inflammable
             ,
             as
             upon
             Tryal
             purposely
             made
             I
             found
             it
             to
             be
             .
             For
             having
             taken
             a
             piece
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             dryed
             till
             it
             was
             almost
             pulverable
             ,
             and
             held
             it
             in
             the
             flame
             of
             a
             Candle
             ,
             it
             would
             take
             fire
             ,
             and
             afford
             a
             Flame
             much
             like
             that
             which
             excited
             it
             ,
             burning
             with
             a
             crackling
             noise
             (
             much
             like
             that
             of
             Sea
             Salt
             cast
             into
             the
             Fire
             )
             and
             here
             and
             there
             melting
             .
             But
             the
             Inflammableness
             of
             such
             dryed
             Blood
             did
             much
             better
             appear
             ,
             when
             putting
             together
             4
             or
             5
             throughly
             kindled
             Coals
             ,
             we
             laid
             on
             them
             a
             piece
             of
             dry'd
             Blood
             
             of
             the
             bigness
             of
             a
             small
             Nutmeg
             ,
             or
             thereabouts
             ,
             for
             this
             yielded
             a
             copious
             and
             very
             yellow
             Flame
             ,
             and
             if
             it
             were
             seasonably
             and
             warily
             blown
             from
             time
             to
             time
             ,
             as
             the
             Effluvia
             degenerated
             into
             smoak
             ,
             it
             would
             by
             these
             frequent
             re-accensions
             continue
             to
             yield
             clear
             and
             Yellow
             Flames
             of
             no
             contemptible
             bigness
             (
             in
             proportion
             to
             the
             Body
             that
             yielded
             them
             )
             much
             longer
             than
             one
             would
             expect
             .
             And
             during
             a
             good
             part
             of
             this
             Deflagration
             ,
             the
             Blood
             appeared
             as
             it
             were
             to
             fry
             upon
             the
             Coals
             ,
             and
             in
             good
             part
             to
             melt
             into
             a
             Black
             substance
             almost
             like
             Pitch
             .
             There
             was
             also
             a
             crackling
             noise
             produc'd
             ,
             like
             that
             which
             Chymists
             observe
             when
             they
             decrepitate
             common
             Salt.
             
          
           
             These
             Experiments
             for
             the
             substance
             were
             repeated
             .
             But
             I
             shewed
             another
             Instance
             of
             the
             Inflammableness
             of
             Blood
             ,
             that
             was
             somewhat
             surprising
             .
             For
             ,
             having
             caus'd
             some
             Humane
             Blood
             (
             being
             part
             of
             the
             same
             that
             was
             made
             use
             of
             in
             the
             
             foregoing
             Tryals
             )
             to
             be
             so
             far
             dry'd
             that
             it
             was
             reducible
             to
             fine
             Powder
             ,
             I
             took
             some
             of
             this
             Powder
             that
             had
             past
             through
             a
             fine
             Search
             ,
             and
             casting
             it
             through
             the
             Flame
             of
             a
             good
             Candle
             ,
             the
             grains
             in
             their
             quick
             Passage
             through
             it
             took
             fire
             ,
             and
             the
             Powder
             flash'd
             ,
             not
             without
             noise
             ,
             as
             if
             it
             had
             been
             Rosin
             .
             This
             Experiment
             was
             reiterated
             with
             success
             .
          
        
         
           
             To
             the
             VII
             .
             Title
             OF
             THE
             HISTORY
             .
          
           
             THE
             specific
             Gravity
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             is
             more
             difficult
             to
             be
             ●etermin'd
             ,
             than
             one
             would
             readily
             ●magine
             .
             For
             the
             Gravity
             of
             Blood
             may
             differ
             sensibly
             in
             several
             persons
             
             according
             to
             their
             Sex
             ,
             Age
             ,
             Constitution
             ,
             &c.
             
             And
             in
             the
             same
             person
             it
             may
             be
             varyed
             by
             the
             time
             of
             the
             year
             ,
             and
             of
             the
             day
             ,
             and
             by
             being
             drawn
             at
             a
             greater
             or
             lesser
             distance
             from
             a
             Meal
             ,
             and
             by
             divers
             other
             Circumstances
             .
             But
             besides
             all
             these
             things
             there
             is
             a
             Mechanical
             difficulty
             ,
             if
             I
             may
             so
             call
             it
             ,
             that
             attends
             the
             work
             we
             are
             speaking
             of
             .
             For
             the
             Blood
             begins
             to
             coagulate
             so
             soon
             after
             it
             is
             emitted
             ,
             that
             't
             is
             scarce
             a
             practicable
             thing
             to
             weigh
             it
             hydrostatically
             ,
             either
             by
             immersing
             into
             it
             a
             Solid
             Body
             heavier
             than
             it self
             or
             by
             weighing
             the
             whole
             Blood
             in
             Water
             ;
             the
             former
             way
             being
             opposed
             by
             the
             fibrous
             part
             of
             the
             Blood
             ,
             and
             the
             latter
             by
             the
             Serum
             .
             And
             upon
             the
             same
             account
             it
             is
             somewhat
             (
             though
             not
             so
             much
             )
             difficult
             to
             compare
             with
             any
             accurateness
             ,
             the
             weight
             of
             Blood
             ,
             with
             that
             of
             water
             in
             a
             Glass
             ,
             as
             also
             for
             other
             reasons
             which
             he
             that
             shall
             considerately
             go
             about
             to
             try
             it
             ,
             will
             quickly
             find
             
             But
             however
             ,
             since
             it
             may
             be
             a
             thing
             of
             considerable
             use
             ,
             to
             have
             some
             tolerable
             Estimate
             ,
             though
             nor
             an
             exact
             one
             ,
             of
             the
             difference
             in
             Gravity
             between
             Water
             and
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             by
             which
             so
             many
             parts
             of
             the
             Body
             ,
             consistent
             as
             well
             as
             fluid
             ,
             are
             by
             various
             changes
             of
             Texture
             both
             constituted
             and
             nourished
             .
             I
             shall
             subjoyn
             a
             Tryal
             ,
             that
             this
             consideration
             invited
             me
             to
             make
             as
             well
             as
             I
             could
             .
             We
             took
             the
             Blood
             of
             a
             sound
             man
             emitted
             all
             at
             one
             time
             ,
             and
             put
             the
             whole
             mass
             of
             it
             ,
             as
             well
             the
             Serous
             as
             the
             Fibrous
             part
             ,
             into
             an
             oblong
             Glass
             ,
             of
             the
             fittest
             size
             and
             shape
             we
             could
             light
             on
             amongst
             several
             .
             And
             haveing
             suffered
             the
             Blood
             to
             rest
             till
             all
             was
             setled
             ,
             and
             the
             many
             Bubbles
             vanished
             ,
             we
             carefully
             mark'd
             with
             a
             Diamond
             that
             narrower
             part
             of
             the
             Glass
             ,
             which
             the
             upper
             surface
             of
             the
             Blood
             reach'd
             to
             .
             Then
             we
             weighed
             the
             Glass
             and
             the
             Blood
             in
             a
             very
             good
             Ballance
             and
             having
             
             poured
             out
             the
             Blood
             (
             for
             other
             uses
             )
             and
             washed
             the
             Glass
             ,
             it
             was
             filled
             with
             common
             Water
             to
             the
             lately
             mentioned
             Mark
             ,
             and
             then
             weighed
             again
             in
             the
             same
             Ballance
             ;
             afterwards
             the
             Water
             being
             poured
             out
             ,
             the
             Glass
             alone
             was
             Counterpoised
             in
             the
             same
             scales
             ,
             and
             its
             weight
             being
             deducted
             from
             each
             of
             the
             two
             formerly
             mentioned
             weights
             ,
             the
             Water
             was
             found
             to
             have
             weighed
             ℥
             ix
             .
             ʒvi
             .
             50.
             
             Gr.
             And
             the
             Blood
             (
             equal
             to
             it
             in
             bulk
             )
             to
             have
             weigh'd
             ℥
             x.
             ʒij
             .
             4.
             
             Gr.
             So
             that
             the
             difference
             between
             them
             being
             ʒiij
             .
             14.
             gr
             .
             the
             Blood
             was
             beavier
             than
             so
             much
             Water
             ,
             but
             about
             the
             25th
             part
             (
             for
             I
             omit
             the
             Fraction
             )
             of
             its
             own
             weight
             .
             But
             this
             Experiment
             ,
             for
             the
             Reasons
             above
             intimated
             ,
             deserves
             to
             be
             reiterated
             more
             than
             once
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             To
             the
             XI
             .
             Title
             OF
             THE
             HISTORY
             .
          
           
             THough
             rectified
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             be
             a
             Menstruum
             consisting
             of
             very
             subtil
             parts
             ,
             and
             upon
             that
             account
             be
             a
             good
             Dissolvent
             of
             divers
             Vegetable
             Substances
             ,
             and
             as
             Experience
             has
             assured
             me
             ,
             of
             some
             Metalline
             ones
             too
             ,
             that
             seem
             to
             be
             more
             solid
             than
             the
             Fibrous
             part
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ;
             yet
             looking
             upon
             this
             Body
             as
             of
             a
             very
             differing
             texture
             from
             those
             ,
             I
             thought
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             might
             have
             a
             very
             differing
             Operation
             upon
             it
             .
             And
             accordingly
             having
             separated
             from
             the
             
             Serum
             a
             clot
             of
             Blood
             ,
             that
             was
             coagulated
             but
             soft
             enough
             ,
             as
             the
             Fibrous
             part
             uses
             to
             be
             before
             't
             is
             dryd
             ,
             I
             kept
             it
             for
             divers
             hours
             in
             a
             very
             well
             dephlegmed
             Vinous
             Spirit
             ,
             from
             whence
             I
             afterwards
             took
             it
             out
             as
             hard
             as
             if
             it
             had
             been
             well
             dry'd
             by
             the
             fire
             .
          
        
         
           
             To
             the
             XIX
             .
             Title
             OF
             THE
             HISTORY
             ,
          
           
             
               Experiment
               1.
               
            
             
               THe
               Volatile
               Salt
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               as
               fugitive
               as
               't
               is
               ,
               is
               yet
               so
               fusible
               ,
               that
               if
               it
               be
               dextrously
               handled
               ,
               one
               part
               of
               it
               may
               be
               brought
               to
               melt
               ,
               and
               as
               I
               have
               tryed
               ,
               even
               to
               boil
               ,
               whilst
               the
               rest
               is
               flying
               away
               .
               
               The
               like
               I
               have
               tryed
               with
               some
               other
               Volatile
               Salts
               ,
               and
               I
               presume
               the
               Observation
               will
               hold
               in
               most
               ,
               if
               not
               all
               of
               them
               .
            
          
           
             
               To
               the
               same
               Title
               ,
               Experiment
               2.
               
            
             
               THough
               the
               Volatile
               Salt
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               ,
               when
               't
               is
               by
               sublimation
               made
               white
               and
               clean
               ,
               seems
               to
               be
               a
               very
               homogeneous
               Substance
               and
               according
               to
               the
               Principles
               of
               the
               Chymists
               ought
               to
               be
               so
               ;
               yet
               I
               am
               apt
               to
               suspect
               ,
               either
               that
               its
               Substance
               is
               not
               altogether
               Similar
               ,
               or
               that
               the
               Corpuscles
               that
               compose
               it
               are
               of
               sizes
               ,
               if
               not
               also
               of
               shapes
               ,
               differing
               enough
               .
               For
               having
               weighed
               out
               some
               Grains
               of
               a
               resublimed
               Salt
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               ,
               that
               seemed
               very
               pure
               ,
               the
               Odour
               was
               so
               strong
               and
               
               diffusive
               ,
               that
               one
               would
               have
               expected
               the
               whole
               Salt
               ,
               being
               but
               six
               Grains
               ,
               should
               in
               a
               few
               hours
               evaporate
               away
               ,
               especially
               being
               left
               in
               a
               South
               Window
               exposed
               to
               the
               Air
               in
               a
               flat
               piece
               of
               Glass
               .
               And
               yet
               several
               days
               after
               ,
               if
               I
               mistake
               not
               seven
               or
               eight
               ,
               I
               found
               the
               Salt
               so
               little
               diminish'd
               as
               to
               its
               sensible
               bulk
               ,
               (
               for
               I
               did
               not
               think
               fit
               to
               weigh
               it
               )
               that
               it
               seemed
               to
               have
               wasted
               but
               little
               ,
               and
               yet
               what
               remained
               had
               scarce
               any
               odour
               at
               all
               that
               I
               (
               whose
               Organs
               of
               smelling
               are
               acute
               enough
               )
               could
               well
               perceive
               ,
               notwithstanding
               which
               this
               White
               Body
               retain'd
               a
               saline
               Tast
               ;
               and
               a
               little
               of
               it
               being
               for
               tryals
               sake
               put
               upon
               a
               solution
               of
               common
               Sublimate
               in
               fair
               Water
               ,
               readily
               turned
               it
               White
               .
               So
               that
               it
               seemed
               that
               the
               penetrant
               and
               diffusive
               Odour
               of
               the
               Volatile
               Salt
               of
               Blood
               proceeded
               from
               some
               Particles
               much
               more
               subtile
               and
               fugitive
               than
               the
               other
               parts
               that
               composed
               it
               .
               But
               this
               Experiment
               ought
               to
               be
               reiterated
               
               with
               differing
               Quantities
               of
               Salt
               by
               which
               means
               perhaps
               a
               heedful
               observer
               may
               discover
               ,
               whether
               the
               comparative
               Fixity
               of
               the
               Salt
               ,
               that
               remains
               after
               the
               Odorous
               Particles
               are
               (
               at
               least
               for
               the
               most
               part
               )
               flown
               away
               ,
               may
               not
               arise
               from
               their
               Coalition
               with
               some
               Acid
               Corpuscles
               that
               are
               wont
               to
               rove
               up
               and
               down
               in
               the
               Air
               ,
               and
               adhere
               to
               Bodies
               ,
               disposed
               to
               admit
               their
               Action
               .
            
          
           
             
               To
               the
               same
               Title
               ,
               Experiment
               3.
               
            
             
               A
               dram
               of
               Volatile
               Salt
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               sublim'd
               in
               a
               lamp
               furnace
               ,
               was
               put
               into
               as
               much
               common
               Water
               ,
               as
               in
               a
               narrow
               Cylindrical
               Glass
               served
               to
               cover
               the
               whole
               Ball
               of
               our
               Standard
               or
               gag'd
               Thermoscope
               ,
               and
               when
               after
               this
               had
               stood
               a
               while
               in
               the
               
               Water
               to
               be
               brought
               to
               its
               temper
               ,
               we
               put
               in
               the
               above
               mentioned
               Salt
               ,
               the
               tincted
               Spirit
               of
               Wine
               manifestly
               subsided
               about
               two
               tenth
               parts
               of
               an
               Inch
               ,
               and
               probably
               would
               have
               fallen
               lower
               if
               there
               had
               been
               more
               water
               in
               the
               vessel
               ,
               to
               make
               a
               seasonable
               solution
               of
               the
               Salt
               ,
               whereof
               a
               considerable
               part
               lay
               undissolved
               at
               the
               bottom
               .
            
          
           
             
               To
               the
               same
               Title
               ,
               Experiment
               4.
               
            
             
               WHen
               we
               perceived
               the
               Liquor
               to
               subside
               no
               more
               ,
               we
               put
               to
               it
               by
               degrees
               some
               strong
               spirit
               of
               Nitre
               ,
               till
               it
               would
               no
               longer
               make
               any
               manifest
               conflict
               with
               the
               dissolved
               Salt.
               The
               event
               of
               which
               Tryal
               was
               ,
               that
               the
               Liquor
               in
               the
               
               Thermoscope
               began
               presently
               to
               mount
               ,
               and
               continued
               to
               do
               so
               as
               long
               as
               the
               conflict
               lasted
               ,
               at
               the
               end
               of
               which
               we
               found
               by
               measure
               ,
               that
               it
               had
               ascended
               more
               than
               three
               Inches
               and
               a
               half
               above
               the
               Station
               it
               rested
               at
               when
               the
               Ebullition
               began
               .
            
          
           
             
               To
               the
               same
               Title
               ,
               Experiment
               5.
               
            
             
               THe
               figuration
               of
               the
               Volatile
               Salt
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               may
               be
               considered
               ,
               either
               in
               regard
               of
               the
               Single
               Grains
               ,
               or
               of
               that
               Aggregate
               of
               them
               ,
               which
               when
               they
               are
               made
               to
               ascend
               to
               the
               top
               of
               the
               Glass
               ,
               may
               be
               called
               its
               Sublimate
               .
               The
               latter
               of
               these
               may
               be
               best
               observed
               ,
               when
               the
               Saline
               Exhalations
               first
               ascend
               ,
               and
               fasten
               themselves
               to
               the
               inside
               
               of
               the
               blind
               head
               ,
               or
               other
               Glass
               that
               is
               set
               to
               receive
               them
               .
               For
               ,
               though
               towards
               the
               end
               of
               the
               Operation
               the
               Corpuscles
               lye
               so
               thick
               and
               confus'd
               ,
               as
               to
               leave
               no
               distinct
               figures
               ,
               yet
               at
               first
               one
               may
               often
               observe
               the
               little
               Saline
               concretions
               to
               lye
               in
               Rows
               ,
               sometimes
               straight
               enough
               ,
               and
               sometimes
               more
               or
               less
               crooked
               ,
               with
               differing
               Coherencies
               and
               Interferings
               ,
               so
               that
               though
               sometimes
               these
               Rows
               of
               concretions
               may
               ,
               especially
               if
               a
               little
               befriended
               by
               the
               Spectators
               fancy
               ,
               represent
               either
               Trees
               ,
               or
               their
               Branches
               ,
               or
               Harts-horn
               ,
               &c.
               yet
               these
               seem
               not
               to
               be
               constant
               Representations
               ,
               depending
               upon
               the
               particular
               Nature
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               ,
               but
               casual
               figurations
               that
               depend
               upon
               several
               accidental
               causes
               and
               circumstances
               ,
               such
               as
               the
               degree
               of
               Fire
               employ'd
               to
               sublime
               the
               Salt
               ,
               the
               plenty
               or
               paucity
               of
               the
               ascending
               Matter
               the
               capacity
               and
               figure
               of
               the
               vessel
               that
               receives
               it
               ,
               besides
               several
               others
               not
               needful
               to
               be
               here
               
               enumerated
               .
               Nor
               is
               the
               Salt
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               the
               only
               Volatile
               one
               ,
               among
               whose
               elevated
               concretions
               I
               have
               observed
               the
               above
               named
               Circumstances
               to
               produce
               diversity
               of
               Configurations
               .
               But
               as
               to
               single
               grains
               of
               the
               Volatile
               Salt
               of
               Blood
               ,
               I
               discerned
               a
               good
               many
               of
               them
               to
               be
               finely
               shap'd
               .
               But
               whether
               it
               were
               accidental
               or
               not
               ,
               further
               Tryal
               must
               inform
               me
               .
               I
               could
               not
               ,
               that
               I
               remember
               ,
               observe
               these
               handsom
               Figures
               in
               the
               concretions
               that
               compos'd
               the
               Sublimate
               ,
               that
               was
               obtained
               by
               rectifying
               or
               elevating
               again
               the
               Salt
               that
               first
               came
               over
               ,
               but
               in
               the
               grains
               that
               in
               the
               first
               Destillation
               fasten
               themselves
               to
               the
               upper
               part
               and
               sides
               of
               the
               Receiver
               ;
               For
               of
               these
               divers
               were
               of
               considerable
               bigness
               and
               solidity
               ,
               and
               though
               they
               were
               not
               all
               of
               the
               same
               shape
               ,
               some
               of
               them
               being
               not
               unlike
               to
               Cubes
               ,
               others
               to
               Parallelopipeds
               ,
               others
               to
               Octoedrons
               ,
               being
               almost
               like
               Grains
               of
               Alum
               ;
               yet
               most
               of
               them
               
               were
               prettily
               shaped
               ,
               being
               comprehended
               by
               Planes
               smooth
               ,
               finely
               figur'd
               ,
               and
               aptly
               terminating
               in
               solid
               Angles
               ,
               as
               if
               the
               Concretions
               had
               been
               cut
               and
               polished
               by
               a
               Jeweller
               .
            
          
           
             
               To
               the
               same
               Title
               ,
               Experiment
               6.
               
            
             
               THere
               is
               another
               way
               that
               I
               have
               used
               to
               observe
               the
               Figures
               of
               the
               Salt
               of
               Blood
               which
               was
               to
               rectify
               the
               Spirit
               of
               Blood
               ,
               so
               as
               it
               may
               be
               fully
               satiated
               with
               the
               Salt
               whilst
               the
               Liquor
               (
               in
               the
               Receiver
               continued
               yet
               somewhat
               warm
               .
               For
               then
               setting
               aside
               this
               over
               impregnated
               Liquor
               when
               it
               came
               to
               be
               quite
               refrigerated
               (
               which
               should
               be
               done
               very
               slowly
               )
               there
               appear'd
               at
               the
               bottom
               of
               the
               Vial
               a
               good
               number
               of
               Saline
               concretions
               of
               differing
               
               Sizes
               ,
               several
               of
               which
               ,
               as
               far
               as
               the
               rest
               would
               suffer
               me
               to
               see
               them
               ,
               were
               shot
               into
               Crystalline
               Plates
               very
               smooth
               ,
               and
               prettily
               figur'd
               ,
               having
               to
               the
               best
               of
               my
               conjecture
               ,
               their
               broad
               and
               parallel
               Surfaces
               of
               a
               Hexagonal
               or
               an
               Octogonal
               Figure
               regular
               enough
               .
            
          
           
             
               To
               the
               same
               Title
               ,
               Experiment
               7.
               
            
             
               ACcording
               to
               the
               Hypothesis
               of
               divers
               Learned
               Naturalists
               and
               Physicians
               ,
               I
               suppos'd
               it
               would
               be
               thought
               considerable
               ,
               to
               know
               what
               would
               happen
               upon
               putting
               together
               the
               Volatile
               Salt
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               ,
               and
               the
               Spirit
               of
               Nitre
               ,
               with
               the
               more
               fugitive
               parts
               of
               which
               Salt
               they
               conceive
               the
               Air
               to
               be
               plentifully
               ,
               and
               some
               of
               them
               to
               be
               vitally
               impregnated
               .
            
             
             
               To
               gratify
               some
               of
               these
               Philosophers
               ,
               we
               took
               a
               dram
               of
               dry
               Volatile
               Salt
               of
               Blood
               ,
               (
               which
               we
               made
               choice
               of
               ,
               rather
               than
               Spirit
               ,
               because
               we
               had
               a
               mind
               to
               know
               what
               quantity
               of
               Acid
               Salt
               it
               would
               retain
               ;
               )
               and
               having
               dissolv'd
               it
               in
               some
               distill'd
               Water
               ,
               we
               drop'd
               into
               it
               good
               Spirit
               of
               Nitre
               ,
               till
               the
               two
               Liquors
               ,
               thô
               they
               were
               shaken
               ,
               would
               no
               longer
               manifestly
               act
               upon
               one
               another
               ;
               the
               Conflict
               being
               ceas'd
               ,
               we
               slowly
               evaporated
               the
               superfluous
               moisture
               ,
               which
               steam'd
               almost
               all
               away
               before
               the
               Saline
               part
               would
               coagulate
               .
               At
               length
               it
               came
               to
               driness
               ,
               and
               then
               the
               middlemost
               part
               appear'd
               in
               the
               form
               of
               thin
               Crystals
               ,
               not
               unlike
               those
               of
               Salt
               Petre
               ;
               but
               the
               rest
               ,
               which
               was
               by
               much
               the
               greater
               part
               of
               the
               concretion
               seem'd
               to
               be
               a
               confus'd
               mass
               without
               any
               distinct
               figure
               .
               This
               mass
               weighed
               but
               12
               gr
               .
               more
               than
               a
               dram
               .
               So
               that
               as
               far
               as
               this
               single
               Experiment
               can
               inform
               us
               ,
               the
               Volatile
               
               Salt
               of
               Blood
               may
               be
               satiated
               by
               so
               little
               as
               a
               Fifth
               part
               of
               its
               weight
               of
               the
               Saline
               Corpuscles
               of
               Spirit
               of
               Nitre
               .
               This
               compounded
               Salt
               being
               laid
               in
               a
               Window
               ,
               did
               appear
               to
               be
               very
               prone
               to
               be
               resolv'd
               by
               the
               moisture
               of
               the
               Air
               ,
               or
               in
               the
               Chymists
               Phrase
               to
               run
               
                 per
                 deliquium
              
               .
               A
               little
               of
               the
               same
               Salt
               being
               put
               upon
               a
               well-kindled
               Coal
               ,
               readily
               melted
               ,
               and
               seem'd
               to
               boil
               ,
               and
               towards
               the
               latter
               end
               ,
               made
               a
               noise
               ,
               and
               afforded
               a
               flame
               very
               like
               common
               Nitre
               ,
               save
               that
               its
               colour
               was
               more
               yellow
               .
               The
               strong
               smell
               that
               accompanied
               this
               deflagration
               ,
               was
               like
               that
               which
               is
               peculiar
               to
               Spirit
               of
               Nitre
               .
            
          
        
         
           
           
             To
             the
             XXI
             .
             Title
             OF
             THE
             HISTORY
             ,
          
           
             
               Experiment
               1.
               
            
             
               HUmane
               Blood
               ,
               as
               most
               of
               the
               other
               Subjects
               of
               the
               Animal
               Kingdom
               that
               I
               have
               had
               occasion
               to
               examine
               ,
               afforded
               by
               Distillation
               in
               a
               Retort
               an
               Empyreumatical
               and
               very
               fetid
               Oyl
               ,
               whose
               colour
               was
               almost
               black
               ;
               but
               that
               seem'd
               to
               me
               to
               proceed
               only
               from
               the
               intense
               and
               opacous
               Redness
               of
               the
               Liquor
               ,
               since
               some
               Portions
               of
               it
               being
               purposely
               look'd
               on
               against
               the
               Light
               ,
               when
               they
               were
               spread
               very
               thin
               upon
               Glass
               ,
               appear'd
               of
               a
               deep
               yellow
               ,
               or
               of
               a
               Reddish
               colour
               ,
               as
               they
               chanc'd
               to
               lye
               more
               or
               less
               thick
               upon
               the
               Glass
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               Experiment
               2.
               
            
             
               WHen
               the
               Blood
               was
               well
               dry'd
               ,
               before
               it
               was
               committed
               to
               Distillation
               ,
               I
               found
               it
               to
               afford
               a
               greater
               quantity
               of
               Oyl
               ,
               in
               proportion
               to
               the
               weight
               of
               the
               dry
               Body
               ,
               than
               was
               at
               first
               expected
               .
               Once
               out
               of
               a
               pound
               of
               not
               over-well
               dry'd
               Blood
               ,
               we
               had
               near
               an
               ounce
               and
               a
               half
               of
               Oil
               ;
               and
               from
               another
               parcel
               we
               had
               it
               in
               a
               far
               greater
               proportion
               to
               the
               quantity
               of
               Blood
               that
               afforded
               it
               .
            
          
           
             
               Experiment
               3.
               
            
             
               I
               Remember
               ,
               that
               having
               many
               years
               ago
               had
               the
               curiosity
               to
               ●repare
               Blood
               by
               a
               very
               convenient
               Digestion
               ,
               and
               to
               rectifie
               very
               carefully
               
               the
               Distill'd
               Liquors
               that
               came
               over
               ,
               with
               the
               Flame
               of
               a
               Lamp
               ,
               I
               obtain'd
               among
               other
               things
               two
               Oyls
               of
               very
               differing
               colours
               ,
               the
               one
               being
               of
               a
               Yellow
               or
               pale
               Amber
               colour
               ,
               and
               the
               other
               of
               a
               deep
               Red.
               But
               that
               which
               surpriz'd
               even
               ingenious
               Spectators
               ,
               was
               ,
               that
               thô
               these
               Oils
               were
               both
               of
               them
               afforded
               by
               the
               same
               Blood
               ,
               and
               were
               clear
               and
               pure
               enough
               ,
               yet
               they
               would
               not
               only
               swim
               in
               distinct
               Masses
               one
               over
               another
               ,
               but
               if
               they
               were
               confounded
               by
               being
               shaken
               together
               ,
               would
               little
               by
               little
               separate
               again
               ,
               as
               common
               Oil
               and
               Water
               are
               wont
               to
               do
               .
               Whether
               the
               difference
               in
               Specifick
               Gravity
               between
               these
               two
               Oils
               could
               keep
               them
               from
               permanently
               mixing
               ,
               when
               they
               were
               mingled
               ,
               as
               well
               as
               it
               kept
               their
               Masses
               distinct
               before
               they
               were
               shaken
               ;
               or
               whether
               this
               seeming
               Antipathy
               proceeded
               from
               some
               particular
               Incongruity
               in
               the
               Textures
               of
               these
               Liquors
               ,
               I
               shall
               not
               now
               stay
               to
               dispute
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               Experiment
               4.
               
            
             
               IT
               may
               be
               of
               some
               use
               ,
               especially
               to
               those
               that
               aim
               at
               making
               Medicinal
               uses
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               ,
               to
               know
               ,
               that
               having
               had
               a
               suspicion
               that
               the
               Oil
               of
               Blood
               might
               contain
               or
               conceal
               divers
               Saline
               Particles
               ,
               capable
               of
               being
               separated
               from
               it
               ;
               we
               took
               a
               parcel
               of
               unrectifi'd
               Oil
               ,
               and
               having
               put
               to
               it
               a
               convenient
               quantity
               of
               Distill'd
               Water
               (
               I
               suppose
               Rain-water
               would
               have
               done
               as
               well
               ,
               thô
               common
               Water
               would
               not
               )
               we
               diligently
               confounded
               these
               Liquors
               by
               frequent
               agitation
               ,
               that
               the
               Water
               might
               rob
               the
               Oil
               of
               its
               separable
               Saline
               Corpuscles
               .
               Of
               which
               Trial
               the
               Event
               was
               ,
               that
               after
               the
               Liquors
               were
               well
               settled
               ,
               the
               Water
               (
               whereof
               we
               purposely
               forbore
               to
               employ
               too
               much
               )
               was
               found
               impregnated
               with
               Saline
               Corpuscles
               ,
               
               that
               it
               had
               by
               dissolution
               obtain'd
               from
               the
               Oil
               ,
               by
               vertue
               of
               which
               it
               was
               endowed
               with
               a
               moderately
               brisk
               tast
               ,
               and
               would
               readily
               turn
               Syrup
               of
               Violets
               green
               ,
               and
               precipitate
               out
               of
               a
               Solution
               of
               common
               Sublimate
               a
               white
               Powder
               ,
               to
               name
               now
               no
               other
               of
               its
               resemblances
               to
               weak
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood.
               And
               this
               operation
               I
               the
               more
               willingly
               relate
               on
               this
               occasion
               ,
               that
               you
               may
               be
               invited
               to
               try
               what
               the
               like
               Method
               will
               do
               on
               other
               Empyreumatical
               Oils
               ,
               as
               of
               Hartshorn
               ,
               Urine
               ,
               &c.
               drawn
               from
               Bodys
               that
               belong
               to
               the
               Animal
               Kingdom
               .
            
          
           
             
               Experiment
               5.
               
            
             
               TO
               examine
               a
               Conjecture
               ,
               whose
               Grounds
               I
               cannot
               stay
               to
               set
               down
               ,
               we
               put
               some
               unrectified
               Oil
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               into
               a
               concave
               piece
               of
               Glass
               ,
               and
               then
               having
               
               dropt
               into
               it
               as
               much
               Oil
               of
               Vitriol
               as
               might
               by
               guess
               amount
               to
               a
               fourth
               or
               third
               part
               of
               the
               Fetid
               Oil
               ,
               we
               stirr'd
               them
               well
               together
               with
               a
               slender
               piece
               of
               solid
               Glass
               ,
               by
               which
               means
               the
               mixture
               was
               made
               to
               send
               up
               good
               store
               of
               whitish
               Fumes
               or
               Smoke
               ,
               and
               grew
               ,
               as
               was
               expected
               ,
               considerably
               hot
               ,
               it
               being
               indeed
               so
               hot
               ,
               that
               thô
               it
               amounted
               not
               to
               above
               a
               spoonful
               ,
               yet
               I
               was
               not
               able
               without
               pain
               &
               inconvenience
               ,
               to
               hold
               my
               finger
               underneath
               that
               part
               of
               the
               Glass
               that
               contain'd
               the
               incalescent
               Liquors
               .
            
          
           
             
               Experiment
               6.
               
            
             
               IT
               may
               be
               worth
               while
               to
               relate
               ,
               that
               what
               I
               have
               elsewhere
               observ'd
               about
               some
               other
               Empyreumatical
               Oils
               ,
               holds
               true
               in
               that
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               :
               For
               having
               taken
               some
               of
               this
               Liquor
               unrectifi'd
               ,
               thô
               in
               
               that
               state
               it
               appear'd
               gross
               ,
               and
               dark
               ,
               and
               muddy
               ,
               yet
               it
               would
               readily
               ,
               even
               in
               the
               cold
               ,
               dissolve
               in
               ,
               or
               mingle
               with
               highly
               rectifi'd
               Vinous
               Spirits
               ,
               to
               which
               it
               communicated
               a
               Reddish
               colour
               deep
               enough
               ,
               agreeably
               to
               what
               I
               formerly
               noted
               touching
               the
               colour
               of
               this
               Oil.
               
            
          
        
         
           
             To
             the
             XXII
             .
             Title
             OF
             THE
             HISTORY
             .
          
           
             I
             do
             not
             remember
             to
             have
             met
             with
             ,
             in
             any
             Author
             ,
             an
             account
             of
             the
             Qualities
             of
             the
             fix'd
             Salt
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             and
             I
             know
             not
             whether
             any
             have
             had
             the
             curiosity
             to
             prepare
             it
             ,
             whereat
             I
             do
             not
             much
             wonder
             ,
             since
             to
             obtain
             so
             much
             as
             ℥
             j.
             Of
             it
             there
             is
             requisite
             a
             considerable
             
             quantity
             ,
             perhaps
             some
             pounds
             of
             Blood
             ,
             and
             the
             Calcination
             requires
             so
             obstinate
             a
             fire
             ,
             that
             a
             mans
             patience
             may
             easily
             be
             tired
             before
             the
             Operation
             be
             perfected
             ,
             or
             by
             the
             small
             appearance
             of
             Calcination
             that
             the
             Caput
             Mortuum
             will
             afford
             him
             after
             having
             been
             kept
             Three
             or
             Four
             hours
             in
             the
             fire
             ,
             he
             may
             be
             induc'd
             to
             conclude
             that
             all
             the
             Salt
             of
             Blood
             is
             volatile
             in
             a
             good
             Fire
             ,
             and
             consequently
             ,
             that
             it
             will
             yield
             no
             fix'd
             Salt.
             
          
           
             But
             having
             by
             an
             obstinate
             Calcination
             obtain'd
             between
             Three
             or
             Four
             Drams
             of
             this
             Salt
             ,
             I
             found
             not
             that
             it
             was
             a
             fix'd
             Alcaly
             or
             a
             Lixiviate
             Salt
             ,
             but
             rather
             as
             I
             expected
             ,
             of
             the
             nature
             of
             common
             or
             Sea-Salt
             ,
             thô
             not
             without
             some
             little
             diversity
             which
             discover'd
             itself
             by
             some
             nice
             Tryals
             .
             But
             as
             to
             the
             main
             our
             Salt
             was
             scarce
             distinguishable
             from
             marin
             Salt
             ,
             for
             it
             tasted
             very
             like
             it
             ,
             a
             strong
             Solution
             of
             it
             did
             not
             readily
             (
             for
             I
             was
             not
             at
             leisure
             to
             wait
             
             long
             for
             the
             Event
             )
             turn
             Syrup
             of
             Violets
             green
             or
             greenish
             ,
             nor
             (
             which
             was
             more
             )
             Precipitate
             a
             Brick
             Colour
             or
             brownish
             Yellow
             ,
             no
             more
             than
             a
             white
             Powder
             ,
             out
             of
             Solution
             of
             Sublimate
             .
             I
             also
             found
             by
             Tryal
             that
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Salt
             did
             not
             dissolve
             it
             as
             an
             Alcaly
             .
             And
             to
             these
             ways
             of
             examining
             it
             I
             added
             three
             others
             ,
             that
             I
             had
             not
             known
             us'd
             for
             such
             a
             purpose
             ,
             and
             which
             had
             all
             three
             of
             them
             such
             Events
             as
             were
             expected
             ,
             for
             having
             put
             some
             Oyl
             of
             Vitriol
             upon
             a
             little
             of
             our
             dry
             Salt
             ,
             it
             did
             immediately
             ,
             as
             I
             had
             divers
             times
             observ'd
             it
             to
             do
             upon
             common
             Salt
             ,
             corrode
             it
             with
             great
             violence
             ,
             and
             with
             much
             foam
             and
             smoak
             .
             We
             also
             drop'd
             a
             little
             of
             our
             fix't
             Salt
             dissolved
             in
             distilled
             water
             ,
             upon
             a
             Solution
             of
             fine
             Silver
             made
             in
             
               Aqua
               Fortis
            
             ,
             whereupon
             immediately
             ensued
             a
             Precipitation
             of
             a
             copious
             white
             Powder
             .
             And
             lastly
             for
             further
             Tryal
             ,
             having
             put
             some
             leaf
             Gold
             into
             
               Aqua
               fortis
            
             ,
             which
             would
             not
             (
             as
             will
             easily
             be
             
             believ'd
             )
             work
             upon
             it
             ,
             whilst
             it
             was
             swimming
             there
             without
             being
             so
             much
             as
             discolour'd
             ,
             I
             put
             a
             little
             of
             our
             Powder'd
             Salt
             into
             the
             Liquor
             ,
             which
             being
             thereby
             turned
             into
             a
             kind
             of
             
               Aqua
               Regia
            
             ,
             did
             in
             a
             trice
             ,
             without
             the
             assistance
             of
             heat
             ,
             totally
             dissolve
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             To
             the
             XXIII
             .
             Title
             OF
             THE
             HISTORY
             OF
             
               Humane
               Blood.
            
             
          
           
             THere
             is
             a
             far
             greater
             Calcination
             than
             one
             would
             expect
             ,
             required
             to
             obtain
             the
             
               Caput
               Mortuum
            
             
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             which
             affords
             but
             very
             little
             of
             it
             .
             For
             from
             ℥
             xxiv
             .
             of
             dry'd
             Blood
             ,
             (
             which
             perhaps
             was
             but
             the
             Third
             or
             Fourth
             part
             ,
             in
             weight
             of
             the
             entire
             Blood
             that
             afforded
             it
             )
             we
             could
             get
             after
             two
             days
             Calcination
             but
             ʒij
             .
             9
             gr
             .
             of
             Earth
             .
             And
             though
             this
             were
             so
             carefully
             made
             that
             it
             may
             very
             probably
             be
             supposed
             to
             deserve
             the
             name
             of
             
               Terra
               Damnata
            
             ,
             better
             then
             most
             substances
             to
             which
             Chymists
             are
             wont
             to
             give
             that
             appellation
             ,
             yet
             one
             may
             suspect
             ,
             that
             this
             it self
             was
             not
             pure
             Elementary
             earth
             ,
             since
             it
             had
             a
             red
             colour
             ,
             very
             like
             that
             of
             Colcotar
             of
             Vitriol
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             To
             the
             VXXI
             .
             Title
             OF
             THE
             HISTORY
             .
          
           
             THe
             Quantities
             of
             the
             Principles
             ,
             or
             rather
             of
             the
             Several
             
               differing
               Substances
            
             ,
             obtain'd
             by
             Distillation
             from
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             may
             seem
             easy
             ,
             but
             is
             indeed
             very
             difficult
             ,
             if
             at
             all
             possible
             ,
             to
             be
             determin'd
             not
             only
             because
             of
             the
             sometimes
             great
             disparity
             ,
             as
             to
             proportion
             ,
             that
             may
             be
             met
             with
             of
             the
             Fibrous
             ,
             or
             concreted
             part
             to
             the
             Serum
             ,
             in
             the
             Blood
             of
             differing
             Persons
             ,
             and
             even
             of
             the
             same
             Person
             according
             to
             differing
             Circumstances
             ,
             but
             also
             ,
             because
             it
             is
             more
             difficult
             to
             distill
             even
             the
             dryed
             and
             pulverable
             part
             of
             Blood
             without
             addition
             ,
             than
             those
             
             that
             have
             not
             try'd
             ,
             will
             easily
             judge
             ,
             and
             I
             doubt
             that
             few
             have
             try'd
             it
             well
             ,
             because
             I
             have
             not
             met
             with
             any
             that
             takes
             notice
             of
             the
             necessity
             of
             shifting
             the
             Retort
             ,
             to
             gain
             as
             much
             Volatile
             Substance
             as
             may
             be
             obtain'd
             ,
             and
             leave
             as
             little
             as
             may
             be
             in
             the
             
               Caput
               Mortuum
            
             .
             For
             when
             we
             distill'd
             a
             somewhat
             considerable
             quantity
             of
             dry'd
             Blood
             ,
             though
             it
             was
             warily
             done
             by
             an
             expert
             Artist
             ,
             yet
             the
             same
             heat
             ,
             that
             made
             the
             lower
             part
             of
             the
             Blood
             pass
             in
             the
             form
             of
             Exhalations
             into
             the
             Receiver
             ,
             made
             the
             matter
             so
             swell
             ,
             that
             it
             heav'd
             up
             to
             the
             upper
             part
             of
             the
             vessel
             a
             considerable
             quantity
             of
             Black
             Matter
             ,
             which
             an
             ordinary
             Distiller
             would
             have
             taken
             and
             thrown
             aside
             for
             
               Caput
               Mortuum
            
             ,
             but
             which
             an
             heedful
             Eye
             might
             easily
             discern
             to
             be
             much
             of
             the
             same
             nature
             with
             what
             it
             was
             ,
             when
             it
             was
             first
             put
             in
             ,
             though
             it
             were
             blackened
             by
             the
             ascending
             fumes
             .
             Wherefore
             we
             took
             it
             out
             and
             mixing
             it
             with
             the
             remaining
             
             Substance
             ,
             that
             was
             less
             remote
             from
             the
             Nature
             of
             a
             true
             
               Caput
               Mortuum
            
             ,
             it
             was
             again
             in
             another
             Retort
             committed
             to
             Distillation
             ,
             whereby
             we
             obtain'd
             more
             Oyl
             ,
             &c.
             
             And
             perceiving
             that
             even
             this
             seeming
             
               Caput
               Mortuum
            
             ,
             had
             at
             the
             top
             of
             it
             a
             pretty
             deal
             of
             matter
             ,
             that
             I
             did
             not
             think
             sufficiently
             dispirited
             ,
             if
             I
             may
             so
             speak
             ,
             I
             caused
             it
             to
             be
             taken
             out
             and
             distill'd
             in
             a
             fresh
             Retort
             ,
             in
             which
             it
             afforded
             a
             not
             contemptible
             quantity
             of
             Volatile
             matter
             .
          
           
             Having
             thus
             prepar'd
             you
             not
             to
             expect
             any
             thing
             of
             accurateness
             ,
             in
             the
             determination
             of
             the
             Quantities
             of
             the
             differing
             substances
             obtainable
             even
             from
             dryed
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             that
             I
             may
             assist
             you
             to
             make
             some
             guess
             at
             it
             ,
             that
             may
             approach
             somewhat
             ●ear
             the
             truth
             ,
             I
             will
             inform
             you
             ,
             That
             having
             thus
             in
             three
             Retorts
             distill'd
             24
             Ounces
             of
             dryed
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             we
             obtained
             of
             Volatile
             ●ubstances
             ,
             I
             mean
             Spirit
             together
             with
             a
             little
             Phlegm
             ,
             white
             Salt
             ,
             and
             
             very
             high
             coloured
             Oyl
             ℥
             xiij
             .
             and
             a
             dram
             ,
             besides
             several
             Parcels
             of
             thick
             Oyl
             ,
             that
             stuck
             to
             the
             Retorts
             and
             the
             Receiver
             ,
             which
             we
             estimated
             at
             Seven
             drams
             more
             .
             So
             that
             the
             whole
             quantity
             of
             the
             Volatile
             part
             amounted
             to
             Fourteen
             Ounces
             ,
             of
             which
             we
             found
             the
             Oyl
             to
             be
             about
             ℥
             iij.
             +
             ʒvj
             .
             And
             the
             clear
             Liquor
             (
             which
             though
             probably
             not
             without
             some
             Phlegm
             ,
             may
             deserve
             the
             name
             of
             Spirit
             ,
             because
             it
             was
             fully
             satiated
             with
             Saline
             and
             Spirituous
             parts
             )
             to
             be
             ℥
             vi
             +
             .
             ʒiijss
             .
             besides
             the
             Volatile
             Salt
             ,
             which
             when
             the
             Spirit
             was
             drain'd
             from
             it
             ,
             appear'd
             white
             ,
             but
             wet
             ;
             for
             which
             reason
             't
             was
             not
             possible
             to
             determine
             exactly
             ,
             neither
             how
             much
             Liquor
             it
             yet
             retain'd
             ,
             nor
             consequently
             how
             much
             it self
             weighed
             but
             you
             may
             guess
             pretty
             near
             the
             truth
             when
             I
             shall
             have
             told
             you
             ,
             that
             having
             carefully
             sublim'd
             the
             Salt
             ,
             there
             remain'd
             in
             the
             glass
             ʒij
             and
             about
             five
             grains
             of
             Phlegmatick
             Liquor
             ,
             which
             was
             not
             judged
             devoid
             
             of
             Salt
             ,
             thô
             it
             could
             not
             by
             that
             operation
             be
             separated
             .
             And
             of
             Volatile
             Salt
             in
             a
             dry
             form
             we
             obtain'd
             ℥
             j
             +
             ʒijss
             .
             The
             
               Caput
               Mortuum
            
             amounted
             to
             ℥
             viij
             ,
             and
             somewhat
             better
             ,
             which
             being
             calcin'd
             for
             two
             days
             together
             ,
             afforded
             not
             white
             ,
             but
             only
             brownish
             red
             Ashes
             ;
             whence
             we
             obtain'd
             ʒvij
             and
             a
             quarter
             of
             White
             and
             Fixt
             ,
             
             but
             not
             truly
             Lixiviate
             ,
             Salt
             ,
             and
             (
             as
             was
             lately
             noted
             to
             another
             purpose
             ,
             under
             the
             next
             foregoing
             Title
             )
             ʒij
             ,
             and
             nine
             grains
             of
             Earth
             .
             In
             this
             troublesom
             Experiment
             there
             occurr'd
             so
             many
             necessary
             Operations
             ,
             in
             each
             of
             which
             we
             could
             scarce
             possibly
             avoid
             losing
             some
             ,
             and
             now
             and
             then
             a
             considerable
             portion
             of
             the
             matters
             we
             handled
             ,
             that
             if
             you
             had
             been
             present
             at
             the
             Tryals
             ,
             perhaps
             you
             would
             not
             think
             it
             strange
             that
             I
             should
             write
             ,
             (
             as
             I
             did
             a
             little
             above
             )
             that
             I
             think
             it
             a
             very
             difficult
             thing
             in
             Practice
             ,
             to
             determine
             
             exactly
             the
             Proportions
             of
             the
             differing
             Substances
             ,
             that
             may
             be
             chymically
             obtain'd
             by
             vulgarly
             known
             Operations
             ,
             from
             a
             proposed
             parcel
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ;
             especially
             since
             I
             think
             that
             't
             is
             without
             sufficient
             grounds
             that
             Chymists
             do
             universally
             take
             it
             for
             granted
             ,
             that
             in
             Distillations
             carefully
             made
             ,
             the
             matter
             that
             passes
             into
             the
             Receiver
             ,
             or
             at
             least
             ascends
             ,
             together
             with
             the
             Remains
             ,
             or
             
               Caput
               Mortuum
            
             ,
             amount
             to
             just
             the
             weight
             that
             the
             entire
             Body
             had
             before
             Distillation
             .
             Which
             Paradox
             I
             endeavour
             to
             make
             highly
             probable
             ,
             if
             not
             certain
             ,
             in
             another
             Paper
             ,
             that
             belongs
             not
             to
             the
             present
             Collection
             .
          
        
      
       
         
         
           
             The
             Third
             Part
          
           ,
           Containing
           Promiscuous
           Experiments
           and
           Observations
           about
           the
           Serum
           of
           healthy
           Mans
           Blood
           ;
           (
           Whereof
           the
           first
           may
           be
           referr'd
           to
           the
           Sixteenth
           ,
           and
           most
           of
           the
           rest
           to
           the
           Seventeenth
           of
           the
           Titles
           of
           the
           first
           Order
           .
           )
        
         
           SInce
           the
           Division
           that
           Nature
           her self
           makes
           of
           Humane
           Blood
           ,
           when
           being
           let
           out
           of
           the
           Veins
           ,
           it
           is
           suffer'd
           to
           refrigerate
           and
           settle
           ,
           is
           ,
           into
           a
           fluid
           or
           Serous
           ,
           and
           a
           consistent
           or
           Fibrous
           part
           ;
           and
           since
           't
           is
           found
           that
           oftentimes
           the
           former
           of
           these
           Parts
           either
           equals
           or
           exceeds
           the
           latter
           in
           quantity
           ;
           I
           thought
           it
           might
           probably
           much
           conduce
           to
           the
           better
           discovery
           of
           the
           Nature
           of
           the
           
           Blood
           ,
           to
           make
           some
           Tryals
           upon
           the
           Serum
           by
           it self
           ,
           of
           which
           it
           will
           not
           ,
           I
           hope
           ,
           be
           useless
           to
           give
           a
           summary
           account
           in
           the
           following
           promiscuous
           Observations
           ,
           that
           were
           made
           only
           upon
           the
           Serum
           ,
           or
           Whey
           of
           the
           Blood
           of
           Persons
           presum'd
           to
           be
           sound
           .
        
         
           1.
           
           Having
           separately
           weighed
           the
           Serum
           ,
           and
           the
           Consistent
           Part
           of
           a
           parcel
           of
           Humane
           Blood
           ,
           obtained
           at
           once
           by
           a
           single
           Phlebotomy
           ,
           we
           found
           the
           latter
           to
           weigh
           ℥
           iv
           +
           ʒviss
           .
           and
           the
           former
           ℥
           iij
           +
           ʒvj
           .
           And
           having
           made
           the
           like
           Tryal
           with
           another
           parcel
           of
           Blood
           drawn
           from
           another
           person
           ,
           the
           Fibrous
           part
           weighed
           ℥
           iv
           +
           ʒv
           ,
           and
           the
           Serum
           four
           ounces
           .
           But
           thô
           in
           both
           these
           Tryals
           the
           weight
           of
           Serum
           that
           appear'd
           in
           one
           Mass
           ,
           was
           inferiour
           to
           that
           of
           the
           Fibrous
           Part
           ,
           yet
           it
           would
           not
           be
           safely
           inferr'd
           ,
           that
           ,
           absolutely
           speaking
           ,
           the
           Fibrous
           part
           of
           either
           of
           these
           parcels
           of
           Blood
           exceeded
           the
           other
           ,
           since
           we
           weighed
           only
           the
           Serum
           
           that
           we
           found
           in
           a
           distinct
           Mass
           ;
           whereas
           a
           multitude
           of
           Serous
           Particles
           may
           well
           be
           suppos'd
           to
           be
           lodg'd
           between
           the
           Parts
           of
           the
           Consistent
           Mass
           or
           Portion
           of
           the
           Blood
           ;
           since
           besides
           that
           it
           is
           ,
           probably
           upon
           the
           account
           of
           the
           Interspersed
           Serosity
           ,
           very
           soft
           ,
           it
           affords
           a
           great
           deal
           of
           Aqueous
           Liquor
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           This
           may
           sufficiently
           appear
           by
           the
           following
           Experiment
           ,
           which
           was
           purposely
           made
           to
           examine
           this
           Conjecture
           .
        
         
           We
           took
           a
           Porrenger
           of
           Blood
           ,
           wherein
           the
           Serum
           was
           separated
           from
           the
           Fibrous
           Portion
           ,
           that
           was
           coagulated
           into
           one
           Consistent
           Mass
           ,
           and
           having
           carefully
           pour'd
           off
           all
           the
           fluid
           part
           ,
           we
           put
           the
           remaining
           Mass
           ,
           (
           which
           weighed
           ℥
           iv
           .
           +
           ʒ
           v
           +
           34
           gr
           .
           )
           into
           a
           small
           Head
           and
           Body
           ,
           and
           distill'd
           it
           in
           the
           Digestive
           Furnace
           ,
           till
           the
           Matter
           left
           in
           the
           bottom
           of
           the
           Cucurbite
           was
           quite
           dry
           ,
           which
           it
           did
           appear
           to
           be
           long
           before
           it
           was
           so
           indeed
           .
           Then
           taking
           
           out
           the
           separated
           Parts
           of
           this
           Red
           Mass
           ,
           the
           dry'd
           Portion
           was
           found
           to
           weigh
           but
           ℥
           j
           +
           ʒiij
           +
           34
           gr
           .
           whereas
           the
           Serous
           Liquor
           that
           pass'd
           into
           the
           Receiver
           ,
           and
           was
           lympid
           and
           aqueous
           ,
           without
           any
           shew
           of
           Salt
           or
           Oyl
           ,
           amounted
           to
           ℥
           iij
           +
           53
           gr
           .
        
         
           For
           further
           satisfaction
           we
           repeated
           this
           Experiment
           with
           the
           Fibrous
           part
           of
           another
           parcel
           of
           Humane
           Blood
           ,
           and
           found
           the
           dry
           Mass
           remaining
           in
           the
           Cucurbite
           to
           weigh
           but
           ℥
           j
           +
           ʒvj
           +
           50
           gr
           .
           whereas
           the
           Phlegmatick
           Liquor
           distill'd
           from
           it
           amounted
           to
           ℥
           vij
           ,
           that
           is
           to
           more
           than
           three
           times
           and
           a
           half
           as
           much
           as
           the
           dry
           part
           .
        
         
           3.
           
           Having
           Hydrostatically
           examin'd
           the
           Serum
           of
           Humane
           Blood
           ,
           we
           found
           it
           heavier
           than
           common
           Water
           .
           For
           a
           piece
           of
           Red
           Sealing-Wax
           ,
           being
           suspended
           in
           a
           good
           Ballance
           by
           a
           Horse-hair
           ,
           was
           found
           in
           the
           Air
           to
           weigh
           ʒj
           +
           56.
           gr
           .
           and
           the
           Water
           35
           gr
           .
           but
           did
           in
           the
           Serum
           weigh
           but
           33
           gr
           .
        
         
         
           This
           Tryal
           was
           confirm'd
           by
           a
           more
           exact
           one
           ,
           made
           with
           an
           Instrument
           that
           I
           purposely
           caus'd
           to
           be
           made
           for
           weighing
           Liquors
           nicely
           ,
           in
           which
           ,
           when
           Common
           Water
           weighed
           253
           grains
           ,
           an
           equal
           bulk
           of
           Serum
           weighed
           302.
           
           And
           because
           I
           suppos'd
           that
           all
           Serums
           of
           Humane
           Blood
           would
           not
           be
           of
           equal
           Specific
           Gravity
           ,
           I
           thought
           fit
           to
           try
           that
           of
           the
           Blood
           of
           another
           person
           in
           the
           same
           Instrument
           ,
           and
           found
           it
           to
           weigh
           two
           grains
           less
           ,
           that
           is
           ,
           300
           grains
           in
           all
           .
        
         
           4.
           
           We
           once
           employ'd
           some
           Serum
           that
           could
           not
           be
           (
           or
           at
           least
           was
           not
           )
           pour'd
           off
           so
           clear
           ,
           but
           that
           it
           appear'd
           of
           a
           reddish
           colour
           ;
           and
           thô
           we
           filter'd
           it
           through
           Cap-paper
           ,
           yet
           a
           good
           number
           of
           the
           tinging
           Corpuscles
           were
           so
           throughly
           mingled
           with
           it
           ,
           that
           the
           Liquor
           passd
           through
           the
           Filtre
           of
           a
           Yellow
           Colour
           .
        
         
           5.
           
           To
           try
           whether
           Acids
           would
           coagulate
           our
           Serum
           ,
           as
           I
           had
           found
           they
           would
           some
           other
           Animal
           Liquors
           ,
           
           I
           dropt
           into
           it
           some
           Spirit
           of
           Salt
           ,
           which
           did
           immediately
           produce
           with
           it
           some
           white
           Concretions
           that
           quickly
           subsided
           to
           the
           bottom
           ,
           and
           there
           (
           when
           there
           was
           a
           pretty
           quantity
           of
           them
           )
           appear'd
           like
           a
           very
           light
           and
           tender
           Cheese-Curd
           .
        
         
           The
           like
           Operation
           ,
           but
           more
           powerful
           had
           Oyl
           of
           Vitriol
           upon
           another
           parcel
           of
           our
           Serum
           .
        
         
           6.
           
           We
           dropt
           into
           some
           of
           our
           Liquor
           ,
           good
           Spirit
           of
           Sal-Armoniac
           ,
           which
           ,
           as
           we
           expected
           ,
           rather
           made
           it
           more
           Fluid
           ,
           than
           did
           appear
           to
           coagulate
           it
           ,
           as
           the
           Acid
           Liquors
           had
           done
           .
        
         
           7.
           
           To
           try
           whether
           these
           Precipitations
           did
           not
           more
           proceed
           from
           the
           Coalition
           and
           Texture
           of
           the
           Acid
           Salts
           and
           the
           Serum
           ,
           than
           barely
           from
           the
           peculiar
           action
           of
           those
           Salts
           as
           Acids
           ,
           we
           dropt
           into
           another
           portion
           of
           our
           Serum
           ,
           a
           strong
           Alcalisate
           Salt
           ,
           viz.
           Oyl
           of
           Tartar
           
             per
             deliquium
          
           ,
           which
           instantly
           produc'd
           a
           White
           Curd
           ,
           as
           the
           Spirit
           of
           Salt
           
           had
           done
           ,
           but
           not
           ,
           as
           it
           seem'd
           to
           us
           ,
           so
           copiously
           .
        
         
           8.
           
           We
           pour'd
           also
           upon
           some
           Serum
           ,
           highly
           rectifi'd
           Spirit
           of
           Wine
           ,
           which
           ,
           as
           we
           expected
           ,
           did
           presently
           coagulate
           some
           part
           of
           it
           into
           a
           White
           Curd
           ,
           that
           was
           copious
           enough
           ,
           but
           appear'd
           much
           lighter
           than
           either
           of
           the
           former
           ,
           since
           it
           would
           not
           like
           them
           subside
           ,
           but
           kept
           at
           the
           top
           of
           the
           Liquor
           .
        
         
           9.
           
           To
           try
           also
           what
           a
           Salt
           compounded
           with
           a
           Metal
           ,
           would
           do
           upon
           our
           Serum
           ,
           we
           put
           to
           it
           a
           little
           strong
           Solution
           of
           Sublimate
           ,
           with
           which
           it
           presently
           afforded
           a
           white
           and
           curdled
           substance
           .
        
         
           We
           put
           some
           of
           our
           Serum
           upon
           some
           Filings
           of
           Mars
           ,
           but
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           colour
           of
           the
           Liquor
           it self
           ,
           we
           could
           not
           satisfie
           our selves
           about
           the
           Event
           .
           And
           thô
           we
           afterwards
           put
           another
           parcel
           of
           Serum
           upon
           Filings
           of
           the
           same
           Metal
           ,
           yet
           neither
           did
           this
           give
           us
           satisfaction
           ,
           in
           regard
           the
           Vial
           having
           been
           
           mislaid
           ,
           was
           not
           look'd
           upon
           again
           till
           many
           days
           after
           ;
           at
           which
           time
           the
           Liquor
           was
           grown
           so
           thick
           and
           muddy
           ,
           that
           we
           could
           not
           well
           discern
           any
           more
           of
           the
           colour
           ,
           than
           that
           it
           was
           somewhat
           dark
           ,
           but
           not
           either
           black
           or
           blackish
           ;
           yet
           by
           a
           Tryal
           or
           two
           that
           we
           made
           with
           a
           little
           of
           this
           Liquor
           ,
           it
           seem'd
           to
           have
           made
           a
           Solution
           of
           some
           part
           of
           the
           Steel
           :
           For
           putting
           it
           to
           some
           fresh
           Infusion
           of
           Galls
           made
           with
           Water
           ,
           it
           presently
           afforded
           a
           copious
           Precipitate
           ;
           but
           this
           was
           so
           far
           from
           being
           Inky
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           not
           so
           much
           as
           dark
           colour'd
           ,
           but
           rather
           whitish
           ;
           at
           which
           some
           analogous
           Experiments
           (
           mentioned
           in
           another
           Treatise
           )
           that
           I
           formerly
           made
           ,
           kept
           me
           from
           wondering
           .
           Yet
           I
           shall
           not
           omit
           to
           add
           on
           this
           occasion
           ,
           that
           having
           mix'd
           with
           some
           of
           our
           impregnated
           Serum
           ,
           a
           convenient
           quantity
           of
           Infusion
           of
           Galls
           made
           in
           a
           highly
           rectifi'd
           Vinous
           Spirit
           ,
           the
           two
           Liquors
           did
           not
           
           only
           afford
           a
           kind
           of
           Coagulum
           ,
           or
           Precipitate
           ,
           but
           being
           left
           together
           for
           some
           hours
           ,
           associated
           into
           a
           Consistent
           Body
           ,
           wherein
           the
           Eye
           discover'd
           no
           distinct
           Liquor
           at
           all
           .
        
         
           10.
           
           But
           expecting
           more
           clear
           success
           ,
           by
           putting
           some
           of
           our
           Liquor
           upon
           Filings
           of
           Copper
           ,
           which
           when
           wrought
           upon
           by
           Bodys
           that
           have
           in
           them
           any
           thing
           of
           Urinous
           Salt
           ,
           are
           wont
           to
           give
           a
           conspicuous
           Tincture
           ,
           we
           accordingly
           found
           that
           the
           Metal
           had
           in
           a
           very
           few
           hours
           discolour'd
           the
           Menstruum
           ;
           and
           afterwards
           (
           the
           Vial
           being
           left
           unstopt
           ,
           that
           the
           Air
           might
           have
           Access
           to
           the
           Liquor
           )
           it
           began
           by
           degrees
           to
           grow
           more
           and
           more
           Blew
           ,
           and
           within
           a
           day
           after
           was
           of
           a
           deep
           Ceruleous
           Colour
           .
        
         
           11.
           
           And
           ,
           to
           be
           confirm'd
           in
           our
           Conjecture
           ,
           that
           this
           Tincture
           proceeded
           from
           some
           Particles
           of
           Volatile
           Salt
           latent
           in
           the
           Liquor
           ,
           we
           mix'd
           some
           of
           it
           with
           a
           convenient
           quantity
           of
           Syrup
           of
           Violets
           ,
           and
           
           thereby
           obtain'd
           what
           we
           look'd
           for
           ,
           namely
           ,
           a
           colour
           ,
           which
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           action
           of
           those
           Particles
           upon
           the
           Syrup
           ,
           appear'd
           of
           a
           fine
           Green.
           
        
         
           12.
           
           The
           Blew
           Tincture
           or
           Solution
           of
           Copper
           (
           mention'd
           number
           the
           10th
           )
           I
           thought
           fit
           to
           keep
           for
           some
           time
           ,
           to
           try
           whether
           the
           Metalline
           Particles
           would
           as
           it
           were
           embalm
           the
           Serum
           they
           were
           dispers'd
           through
           ,
           and
           preserve
           the
           Liquor
           from
           Putrefaction
           .
           And
           in
           Effect
           ,
           thô
           the
           Vial
           was
           left
           unstopt
           in
           a
           window
           in
           my
           Bed-Chamber
           for
           many
           weeks
           ,
           yet
           I
           (
           whose
           Organs
           of
           smelling
           are
           very
           tender
           ,
           and
           who
           did
           often
           put
           the
           Vial
           to
           my
           Nose
           )
           did
           not
           perceive
           the
           Liquor
           to
           grow
           at
           all
           stinking
           .
        
         
           13.
           
           About
           ℥
           ij
           ,
           by
           guess
           of
           Serum
           of
           Humane
           Blood
           were
           left
           in
           an
           unstop'd
           vial
           ,
           (
           which
           they
           more
           then
           half
           fill'd
           )
           for
           Twenty
           days
           or
           Three
           weeks
           and
           though
           the
           Glass
           usually
           stood
           in
           a
           South
           Window
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           month
           of
           July
           ,
           yet
           ,
           somewhat
           
           to
           our
           wonder
           ,
           the
           Serum
           did
           not
           by
           the
           smell
           appear
           putrefy'd
           ,
           and
           yet
           had
           let
           fall
           a
           considerable
           quantity
           of
           Whitish
           Sediment
           .
           But
           within
           Three
           or
           Four
           days
           after
           this
           ,
           the
           Liquor
           was
           found
           to
           stink
           offensively
           .
           Wherefore
           we
           tryed
           whether
           this
           more
           then
           incipient
           Putrefaction
           was
           accompanyed
           with
           any
           Acidity
           ,
           but
           could
           not
           perceive
           that
           it
           was
           ,
           since
           it
           would
           not
           so
           much
           as
           take
           off
           the
           blew
           colour
           of
           the
           infusion
           of
           
             Lignum
             Nephriticum
          
           or
           our
           Succedaneum
           to
           it
           .
           When
           it
           was
           in
           this
           state
           we
           put
           it
           to
           distill
           in
           a
           low
           Cucurbite
           with
           a
           gentle
           fire
           ,
           to
           try
           if
           from
           this
           faetid
           Liquor
           ,
           as
           is
           usual
           from
           putrefy'd
           Urine
           ,
           the
           Spirit
           would
           first
           ascend
           .
           But
           we
           found
           the
           Liquor
           that
           first
           came
           over
           to
           be
           so
           little
           Spirituous
           or
           Saline
           ,
           that
           it
           would
           not
           in
           an
           hours
           time
           turn
           Syrup
           of
           Violets
           green
           .
           But
           yet
           we
           judg'd
           it
           not
           quite
           destitute
           of
           Volatile
           Alcaly
           ,
           because
           having
           let
           fell
           some
           of
           it
           into
           a
           good
           solution
           of
           Sublimate
           ,
           it
           presently
           made
           at
           White
           Precipitate
           .
        
         
         
           14.
           
           We
           took
           some
           Ounces
           of
           Serum
           of
           Humane
           Blood
           ,
           filtred
           through
           Cap
           Paper
           to
           free
           it
           from
           all
           concreted
           Substance
           ,
           and
           having
           committed
           it
           to
           Distillation
           in
           a
           small
           Retort
           place'd
           in
           a
           Sand
           Furnace
           ,
           we
           obtained
           only
           a
           few
           large
           drops
           of
           a
           Darkish
           red
           Oyl
           ,
           some
           of
           which
           subsided
           to
           the
           bottom
           of
           the
           other
           Liquor
           ,
           but
           the
           greater
           part
           swam
           upon
           it
           .
           We
           obtain'd
           in
           this
           first
           Distillation
           no
           Volatile
           Salt
           in
           a
           dry
           form
           ,
           but
           after
           a
           pretty
           deal
           of
           insipid
           Phlegm
           had
           been
           drawn
           off
           ,
           there
           came
           over
           a
           good
           proportion
           of
           Spirituous
           Liquor
           ,
           which
           smell'd
           almost
           like
           the
           Spirit
           of
           Blood
           ;
           and
           contain'd
           a
           pretty
           deal
           of
           Volatile
           Alcaly
           ,
           so
           that
           it
           would
           readily
           turn
           Syrup
           of
           Violets
           Green
           ,
           and
           make
           a
           White
           Precipitate
           in
           the
           solution
           of
           Sublimate
           ,
           and
           a
           great
           Ebullition
           with
           Spirit
           of
           Salt
           :
           This
           Spirit
           being
           rectifyed
           in
           a
           small
           Head
           and
           Body
           ,
           there
           was
           left
           in
           the
           bottom
           of
           the
           Glass
           a
           greater
           quantity
           than
           was
           expected
           
           of
           a
           substance
           thick
           like
           Honey
           ,
           and
           which
           was
           for
           the
           most
           part
           of
           a
           dark
           Red
           ,
           and
           seem'd
           to
           contain
           more
           Oyl
           than
           appeared
           upon
           the
           first
           Distillation
           .
           The
           Liquor
           that
           came
           over
           the
           Helm
           ,
           seem'd
           more
           pure
           ,
           but
           not
           very
           much
           stronger
           .
           than
           the
           first
           Spirit
           .
           Yet
           ,
           having
           put
           it
           into
           a
           Glass
           Egg
           with
           a
           slender
           neck
           ,
           and
           given
           the
           vessel
           a
           convenient
           situation
           in
           hot
           Sand
           ,
           we
           obtain'd
           a
           Volatile
           Alcaly
           that
           sublim'd
           into
           the
           neck
           in
           the
           form
           of
           a
           White
           Salt.
           If
           this
           Tryal
           be
           reiterated
           with
           a
           success
           like
           that
           I
           have
           now
           recited
           ,
           't
           will
           seem
           to
           argue
           that
           the
           Serous
           or
           Fluid
           part
           of
           the
           Blood
           affords
           the
           same
           Elementary
           Principles
           or
           Similar
           Substances
           ,
           both
           as
           to
           number
           and
           kind
           ,
           that
           the
           Fibrous
           and
           Consistent
           part
           does
           ,
           though
           not
           as
           to
           quantity
           ,
           that
           of
           the
           Oyl
           and
           dry
           Salt
           being
           less
           in
           a
           determinate
           portion
           of
           Serum
           ,
           than
           they
           would
           be
           in
           a
           like
           quantity
           or
           weight
           of
           the
           concreted
           part
           of
           the
           Blood.
           
        
         
         
           Having
           long
           since
           observ'd
           ,
           that
           though
           the
           Spirituous
           parts
           of
           Mans
           Urine
           are
           wont
           to
           require
           that
           the
           Liquor
           be
           digested
           or
           putrefy'd
           about
           Six
           weeks
           ,
           to
           loosen
           them
           from
           the
           more
           sluggish
           parts
           ,
           and
           make
           them
           ascend
           before
           the
           Phlegm
           ,
           yet
           if
           fresh
           Urine
           be
           pour'd
           upon
           a
           due
           proportion
           of
           Quick-lime
           ,
           a
           good
           part
           of
           the
           Spirit
           will
           presently
           be
           untyed
           ,
           and
           made
           capable
           of
           ascending
           in
           Distillation
           ,
           I
           thought
           it
           worth
           while
           to
           try
           ,
           what
           would
           be
           afforded
           by
           the
           Serum
           of
           Humane
           Blood
           if
           it
           were
           put
           upon
           Quick-lime
           ,
           before
           we
           distill'd
           it
           .
           In
           pursuit
           of
           this
           Enquiry
           ,
           we
           put
           these
           two
           Bodies
           together
           ,
           upon
           whose
           commixture
           there
           ensued
           (
           but
           not
           presently
           )
           a
           sensible
           but
           transient
           heat
           .
           This
           compounded
           Body
           being
           committed
           to
           distillation
           afforded
           first
           a
           kind
           of
           Phlegm
           in
           a
           gentle
           fire
           ,
           and
           then
           in
           a
           stronger
           ,
           a
           moderate
           quantity
           of
           Liquor
           that
           was
           thought
           to
           smell
           manifestly
           of
           the
           Lime
           ,
           but
           had
           not
           
           a
           brisk
           tast
           .
           This
           was
           accompany'd
           with
           somewhat
           more
           of
           high
           coloured
           &
           faetid
           Oil
           than
           was
           expected
           .
           The
           other
           Liquor
           being
           slowly
           rectify'd
           ,
           the
           Spirit
           that
           first
           came
           over
           had
           a
           strong
           and
           piercing
           smell
           ,
           but
           less
           rank
           than
           that
           of
           Humane
           Blood
           drawn
           the
           ordinary
           way
           .
           It
           s
           tast
           also
           was
           not
           only
           quick
           ,
           but
           somewhat
           fiery
           .
           Being
           dropt
           upon
           Syrup
           of
           Violets
           ,
           it
           presently
           turn'd
           it
           green
           ,
           with
           a
           strong
           Solution
           of
           Sublimate
           in
           Water
           ,
           and
           another
           of
           Quick-silver
           in
           
             Aqua
             Fortis
          
           ,
           it
           immediately
           made
           two
           White
           Precipitates
           .
           And
           being
           mingled
           with
           some
           good
           Spirit
           of
           Sea-Salt
           though
           upon
           their
           being
           confounded
           there
           appear'd
           a
           thick
           but
           whitish
           Smoke
           ,
           there
           was
           not
           produc'd
           any
           visible
           conflict
           or
           Bubbles
           .
           Yet
           the
           Colour
           of
           the
           Spirit
           of
           Salt
           ,
           appear'd
           much
           heightn'd
           by
           this
           Operation
           .
           But
           here
           I
           must
           ,
           though
           not
           in
           due
           place
           ,
           take
           notice
           ,
           that
           having
           put
           the
           lately
           mentioned
           mixture
           of
           the
           Spirit
           of
           Serum
           and
           of
           Salt
           to
           
           evaporate
           ,
           that
           we
           might
           observe
           whether
           it
           would
           afford
           a
           Salt
           much
           figur'd
           like
           Sal-armoniac
           ;
           we
           found
           ,
           that
           it
           did
           not
           ,
           bot
           that
           the
           Colour
           produc'd
           in
           the
           Mixture
           whilst
           fluid
           ,
           was
           so
           heightned
           in
           the
           concretion
           we
           speak
           of
           ,
           that
           it
           appeared
           of
           a
           Blood-red
           Colour
           ,
           but
           for
           the
           shape
           ,
           it
           was
           so
           confus'd
           ,
           that
           we
           could
           not
           reduce
           it
           to
           any
           known
           kind
           of
           Salt.
           By
           all
           which
           Phoenomena
           this
           Spirit
           of
           the
           Serous
           part
           of
           Blood
           ,
           seems
           to
           be
           very
           near
           of
           kin
           to
           that
           of
           the
           concreted
           part
           of
           Blood
           ,
           elsewhere
           by
           us
           described
           .
           Because
           Quick-lime
           is
           wont
           to
           be
           suspected
           by
           Physicians
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           its
           Caustick
           and
           Fretting
           Quality
           ,
           I
           thought
           fit
           to
           try
           whether
           the
           Fixt
           Salt
           of
           Pota-shes
           (
           which
           is
           a
           Lixiviate
           Alcaly
           as
           well
           as
           Lime
           ,
           )
           being
           substituted
           in
           the
           Room
           of
           it
           ,
           would
           in
           Distillation
           have
           the
           same
           Effect
           upon
           Serum
           of
           Humane
           Blood.
           Wherefore
           to
           Four
           parts
           of
           the
           Liquor
           ,
           we
           put
           one
           of
           the
           Salt
           ,
           and
           having
           Distill'd
           them
           slowly
           in
           a
           Glass
           
           Head
           and
           Body
           ,
           we
           obtain'd
           good
           store
           of
           a
           Liquor
           ,
           which
           was
           not
           judg'd
           any
           thing
           near
           so
           strong
           ,
           as
           that
           formerly
           mention'd
           to
           have
           been
           drawn
           off
           from
           Quick-lime
           .
           And
           having
           put
           this
           weak
           Liquor
           ,
           afforded
           by
           our
           Serum
           ,
           to
           rectify
           with
           a
           gentle
           heat
           ,
           we
           found
           that
           even
           the
           two
           spoonfuls
           of
           Liquor
           that
           first
           ascended
           ,
           were
           not
           Spirituous
           ,
           but
           very
           Phlegmatick
           .
           Nor
           would
           it
           well
           turn
           Syrup
           of
           Violets
           Green
           ,
           though
           it
           afforded
           some
           little
           and
           light
           Precipitate
           ,
           when
           it
           was
           put
           upon
           a
           Solution
           of
           Sublimate
           .
        
         
           This
           may
           seem
           somewhat
           the
           more
           remarkable
           ,
           if
           I
           add
           on
           this
           occasion
           an
           Experiment
           ,
           that
           may
           be
           sometimes
           of
           Practical
           use
           ,
           especially
           in
           Physick
           ,
           and
           may
           afford
           much
           Light
           to
           those
           that
           are
           studious
           ,
           to
           know
           the
           Nature
           and
           Preparations
           of
           so
           very
           useful
           a
           Subject
           ,
           as
           
             Humane
             Vrine
          
           .
           We
           took
           three
           parts
           of
           fresh
           Urine
           ,
           (
           that
           was
           not
           many
           hours
           old
           )
           and
           having
           put
           into
           it
           one
           
           part
           of
           Salt
           of
           Pot-ashes
           ,
           (
           because
           that
           was
           at
           hand
           ,
           for
           else
           I
           presume
           the
           fixt
           Salt
           of
           Tartar
           ,
           or
           even
           of
           Common
           Wood
           ashes
           ,
           would
           have
           served
           the
           turn
           )
           and
           having
           slowly
           distill'd
           them
           in
           a
           Head
           and
           Body
           ,
           there
           first
           ascended
           a
           Liquor
           Spirituous
           enough
           ;
           which
           being
           set
           aside
           ,
           We
           continued
           the
           Distillation
           (
           after
           having
           poured
           the
           Mixture
           into
           a
           Retort
           )
           till
           the
           Remains
           appeared
           dry
           .
           In
           this
           operation
           it
           is
           to
           be
           noted
           ;
           that
           we
           obtain'd
           not
           one
           drop
           of
           Oyl
           ;
           and
           that
           (
           perhaps
           for
           that
           reason
           )
           this
           Spirit
           of
           Urine
           was
           not
           near
           so
           faetid
           ,
           as
           being
           made
           the
           Common
           way
           't
           is
           wont
           to
           be
           :
           and
           that
           the
           Liquor
           that
           came
           over
           toward
           the
           latter
           end
           of
           the
           Distillation
           ,
           was
           so
           unlike
           that
           which
           the
           Serum
           of
           Blood
           afforded
           us
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           not
           only
           considerably
           strong
           ,
           and
           manifestly
           stronger
           than
           that
           which
           first
           ascended
           ,
           but
           had
           a
           penetrating
           and
           fiery
           Tast
           ,
           which
           left
           a
           lasting
           Impression
           upon
           the
           Tongue
           ;
           
           and
           with
           good
           Spirit
           of
           Salt
           made
           a
           notable
           Ebullition
           ,
           which
           I
           remember
           not
           ,
           that
           upon
           Tryals
           purposely
           made
           ,
           I
           found
           the
           Spirit
           of
           Urine
           drawn
           from
           Quicklime
           to
           have
           done
           .
           And
           ,
           whereas
           with
           this
           last
           mentioned
           Liquor
           ,
           I
           never
           (
           that
           I
           remember
           )
           found
           any
           Volatile
           Salt
           to
           ascend
           (
           in
           a
           dry
           form
           )
           in
           the
           operation
           made
           by
           the
           help
           of
           Salt
           of
           Pot-ashes
           ,
           there
           came
           up
           without
           Rectification
           ,
           divers
           Grains
           of
           Volatile
           Salt
           ,
           one
           of
           which
           was
           Crystalline
           ,
           and
           considerably
           large
           ;
           so
           that
           we
           could
           with
           pleasure
           observe
           it
           to
           be
           like
           a
           Plate
           curiously
           figur'd
           ;
           but
           because
           of
           some
           lesser
           Corns
           of
           Salt
           ,
           that
           hid
           one
           part
           of
           it
           ,
           I
           could
           not
           clearly
           discern
           whether
           it
           were
           Hexagonal
           or
           Octogonal
           .
        
         
           But
           here
           I
           must
           not
           conceal
           ,
           that
           having
           for
           greater
           certainty
           reiterated
           this
           Experiment
           ,
           it
           had
           not
           so
           good
           success
           ;
           the
           Liquor
           that
           came
           over
           appearing
           much
           more
           Phlegmatick
           ,
           than
           that
           which
           the
           former
           Tryal
           afforded
           
           us
           ;
           tho
           we
           both
           times
           employ'd
           Salt
           of
           Pot-ashes
           taken
           out
           of
           the
           same
           Vessel
           ,
           and
           the
           Urine
           of
           the
           same
           Person
           .
           So
           that
           what
           the
           reason
           of
           the
           difference
           may
           be
           ,
           does
           not
           yet
           occur
           to
           me
           ;
           but
           perhaps
           will
           upon
           further
           Tryals
           :
           yet
           this
           Liquor
           ,
           that
           appear'd
           so
           weak
           at
           its
           first
           coming
           over
           ,
           being
           rectified
           
             per
             se
          
           ,
           afforded
           more
           than
           was
           expected
           of
           a
           Brisk
           Saline
           Spirit
           ,
           from
           which
           we
           easily
           obtain'd
           a
           pretty
           quantity
           (
           in
           proportion
           to
           the
           Liquor
           )
           of
           Volatile
           Salt
           in
           a
           dry
           form
           ,
           and
           of
           a
           very
           White
           Colour
           .
        
         
           We
           took
           between
           two
           and
           three
           Ounces
           of
           Serum
           of
           Humane
           Blood
           ,
           and
           having
           put
           it
           into
           a
           Bolthead
           ,
           capable
           by
           our
           guess
           of
           containing
           about
           four
           times
           as
           much
           Liquor
           ,
           and
           having
           seal'd
           the
           Glass
           Hermetically
           ,
           set
           it
           by
           ,
           as
           well
           to
           observe
           whether
           any
           manifest
           Changes
           would
           appear
           in
           it
           within
           a
           Week
           or
           two
           ,
           (
           of
           which
           none
           in
           that
           time
           occurr'd
           to
           us
           )
           as
           for
           some
           other
           Purposes
           ,
           that
           may
           be
           
           guess'd
           at
           by
           the
           following
           Account
           of
           the
           Event
           .
        
         
           1.
           
           After
           we
           had
           kept
           the
           Liquor
           seal'd
           up
           above
           a
           whole
           Year
           ,
           it
           did
           not
           appear
           to
           be
           at
           all
           coagulated
           ,
           nor
           to
           have
           let
           fall
           any
           manifest
           Residence
           ;
           but
           seem'd
           to
           be
           as
           fluid
           as
           when
           it
           was
           first
           put
           in
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           It
           did
           not
           appear
           to
           have
           bred
           any
           the
           least
           Worm
           or
           Maggot
           .
           And
           this
           I
           the
           rather
           take
           notice
           of
           ,
           because
           it
           agrees
           very
           well
           with
           what
           I
           have
           elsewhere
           alledg'd
           ,
           in
           disfavour
           of
           their
           Opinion
           ,
           that
           think
           ,
           all
           the
           fluid
           and
           soft
           Parts
           of
           Humane
           Bodies
           do
           naturally
           ,
           and
           of
           themselves
           ,
           in
           no
           long
           time
           breed
           Worms
           ,
           or
           some
           such
           Insects
           ;
           which
           ,
           for
           my
           part
           ,
           I
           never
           observ'd
           to
           be
           generated
           in
           Blood
           it self
           ,
           though
           very
           long
           kept
           ,
           and
           putrified
           ,
           provided
           it
           were
           fresh
           enough
           when
           put
           into
           the
           Glass
           ,
           and
           by
           an
           exact
           Closure
           kept
           from
           being
           any
           way
           blown
           upon
           by
           Flies
           ,
           or
           impregnated
           by
           Seminal
           Particles
           ,
           that
           may
           be
           unsuspectedly
           
           convey'd
           to
           it
           by
           the
           Air.
           
        
         
           3.
           
           Nor
           did
           there
           appear
           to
           the
           Eye
           any
           Mother
           ,
           as
           they
           call
           it
           ,
           or
           Recrementitious
           Substance
           ,
           that
           is
           suppos'd
           in
           Liquors
           always
           to
           accompany
           ,
           and
           betoken
           Putrefaction
           .
        
         
           4.
           
           One
           of
           my
           Designs
           ,
           in
           our
           Experiment
           ,
           being
           to
           try
           whether
           the
           Serum
           would
           ,
           by
           the
           mutual
           Action
           of
           the
           Parts
           upon
           one
           another
           ,
           or
           by
           that
           of
           some
           Catholick
           ,
           permeating
           Fluid
           ,
           afford
           so
           much
           Air
           as
           would
           either
           crack
           ,
           or
           more
           violently
           break
           the
           Glass
           ;
           the
           Tip
           at
           which
           the
           Bolt-head
           was
           seal'd
           ,
           was
           warily
           taken
           off
           with
           a
           Key
           ,
           whereupon
           there
           rush'd
           out
           a
           pretty
           deal
           of
           Air
           ,
           with
           a
           considerable
           noise
           :
           And
           I
           doubted
           not
           that
           this
           generated
           (
           or
           at
           least
           extricated
           )
           Air
           ,
           had
           been
           considerably
           compress'd
           whilst
           it
           was
           pent
           up
           ;
           when
           casting
           my
           Eyes
           on
           the
           Liquor
           ,
           to
           discover
           what
           change
           this
           Eruption
           had
           made
           there
           ,
           I
           perceiv'd
           on
           the
           upper
           Surface
           of
           the
           Liquor
           a
           multitude
           of
           small
           Bubbles
           ,
           
           such
           as
           are
           wont
           to
           be
           seen
           in
           Drink
           a
           little
           Bottled
           ,
           upon
           the
           opening
           of
           the
           Vessel
           ;
           and
           also
           in
           divers
           Liquors
           ,
           after
           the
           Air
           has
           been
           pent
           up
           with
           them
           ,
           when
           the
           Glasses
           come
           to
           be
           unstopp'd
           .
           And
           I
           also
           the
           less
           wonder'd
           at
           this
           ,
           because
           I
           remember'd
           what
           formerly
           hapned
           to
           me
           ,
           after
           having
           seal'd
           up
           some
           Sheeps
           Blood
           ,
           and
           kept
           it
           for
           several
           Days
           in
           a
           gentle
           warmth
           ;
           for
           ,
           tho
           the
           Glass
           it
           was
           enclos'd
           in
           ,
           were
           far
           larger
           than
           this
           that
           contained
           our
           Serum
           ;
           yet
           after
           some
           time
           ,
           when
           no
           Body
           offer'd
           any
           violence
           to
           it
           ,
           or
           was
           near
           enough
           to
           stir
           it
           ,
           it
           was
           suddenly
           blown
           up
           with
           a
           surprizing
           noise
           by
           the
           Aereal
           or
           Elastical
           Corpuscles
           that
           were
           produced
           ,
           or
           set
           free
           by
           the
           Putrefaction
           we
           discover'd
           to
           have
           been
           made
           .
        
         
           5.
           
           The
           smell
           of
           our
           Serum
           was
           strong
           ,
           but
           not
           Cadaverous
           ,
           but
           rather
           resembled
           that
           of
           the
           Tincture
           of
           Sulphur
           made
           with
           Salt
           of
           Tartar
           and
           Spirit
           of
           Wine
           ,
           or
           of
           some
           such
           
           Sulphureous
           Preparation
           .
        
         
           6.
           
           One
           of
           the
           chief
           aims
           I
           had
           in
           keeping
           our
           Serum
           so
           long
           Seal'd
           up
           ,
           was
           to
           try
           ,
           whether
           by
           a
           Digestion
           ,
           or
           Putrefaction
           for
           some
           Months
           ,
           the
           Serum
           of
           Blood
           would
           like
           Urine
           (
           which
           is
           commonly
           thought
           to
           be
           a
           Liquor
           made
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           of
           very
           near
           Cognation
           to
           it
           )
           afford
           a
           Saline
           Spirit
           ,
           or
           an
           Alcaly
           Volatile
           enough
           to
           ascend
           before
           the
           Phlegm
           .
           And
           in
           pursuit
           of
           this
           enquiry
           we
           committed
           our
           Serum
           to
           Distillation
           in
           a
           small
           Glass
           Head
           and
           Body
           ,
           and
           in
           a
           Digestive
           Furnace
           ,
           being
           careful
           to
           take
           the
           first
           Spoonful
           ,
           or
           thereabouts
           of
           Spirit
           that
           passed
           into
           the
           Receiver
           :
           But
           we
           found
           ,
           that
           ,
           tho
           this
           Liquor
           at
           first
           smell'd
           strong
           enough
           ,
           (
           I
           say
           at
           first
           ,
           because
           the
           Odour
           soon
           after
           grew
           fainter
           )
           yet
           the
           tast
           was
           not
           at
           all
           brisk
           nor
           Spirituous
           like
           that
           wont
           to
           be
           obtain'd
           by
           Distillation
           from
           Putrify'd
           Urine
           .
           Nor
           did
           our
           Liquor
           being
           drop'd
           into
           a
           little
           Syrup
           of
           Violets
           ,
           give
           it
           presently
           
           any
           manifest
           greenness
           .
           But
           yet
           ,
           because
           I
           found
           it
           not
           insipid
           ,
           I
           thought
           fit
           to
           examine
           it
           a
           little
           more
           critically
           ,
           and
           dropt
           a
           convenient
           quantity
           of
           it
           into
           a
           clear
           and
           Saturate
           Solution
           of
           Sublimate
           in
           Common
           Water
           ,
           by
           which
           means
           there
           was
           produc'd
           a
           whiteness
           like
           that
           (
           but
           not
           near
           so
           dense
           )
           which
           Spirit
           of
           Urine
           ,
           or
           Volatile
           Salt
           would
           have
           produc'd
           .
           And
           by
           this
           I
           was
           invited
           to
           mix
           some
           of
           it
           with
           a
           little
           Syrup
           of
           Violets
           upon
           a
           piece
           of
           White
           Paper
           ,
           and
           also
           to
           wet
           with
           the
           same
           (
           Distill'd
           )
           Liquor
           ,
           some
           small
           filings
           of
           Copper
           spread
           upon
           another
           piece
           of
           Paper
           ,
           and
           to
           leave
           them
           both
           all
           Night
           in
           the
           open
           Air
           ,
           that
           the
           Liquor
           might
           have
           time
           enough
           to
           work
           upon
           the
           Syrup
           ,
           and
           the
           Metal
           .
           By
           which
           course
           we
           found
           in
           the
           Morning
           ,
           that
           the
           former
           was
           turn'd
           green
           ,
           and
           the
           latter
           was
           so
           far
           dissolv'd
           as
           to
           leave
           a
           large
           blewish
           stain
           upon
           the
           Paper
           .
           I
           mention
           these
           things
           the
           rather
           ,
           
           because
           according
           to
           the
           Opinion
           of
           some
           Learned
           Men
           ,
           this
           degenerated
           Serum
           should
           have
           been
           of
           an
           Acid
           ,
           not
           an
           Alcalisate
           nature
           .
        
         
           7.
           
           The
           near
           Cognation
           that
           ,
           according
           to
           some
           Learned
           Physicians
           ,
           there
           is
           between
           Milk
           ,
           and
           the
           more
           Serous
           part
           of
           the
           Blood
           ,
           invited
           me
           to
           try
           whether
           ,
           (
           according
           to
           an
           Experiment
           made
           on
           New
           Milk
           ,
           that
           I
           have
           heard
           ascribed
           to
           the
           famous
           Sylvius
           ,
           )
           our
           Serum
           of
           Humane
           Blood
           would
           grow
           Red
           ,
           by
           being
           kept
           continually
           stirring
           over
           a
           moderate
           heat
           with
           a
           competent
           quantity
           of
           Salt
           of
           Tartar
           ,
           but
           in
           two
           tryals
           ,
           we
           found
           not
           any
           redness
           produc'd
           ,
           tho
           one
           of
           them
           was
           made
           in
           a
           Vessel
           of
           refin'd
           Silver
           ,
           with
           an
           eighth
           part
           of
           the
           Salt
           in
           reference
           to
           the
           Serum
           ,
           which
           was
           the
           same
           proportion
           that
           we
           had
           us'd
           when
           we
           made
           the
           Experiment
           succeed
           well
           in
           Milk.
           
        
         
           8.
           
           Perhaps
           it
           will
           be
           needless
           to
           take
           notice
           ,
           that
           the
           Serum
           of
           Humane
           
           Blood
           will
           by
           heat
           be
           in
           a
           short
           time
           coagulated
           into
           a
           kind
           of
           Gelly
           ,
           or
           rather
           ,
           as
           far
           as
           I
           have
           observ'd
           ,
           into
           a
           Substance
           like
           a
           Custard
           ,
           as
           to
           Consistence
           ,
           tho
           not
           as
           to
           Colour
           .
           And
           therefore
           I
           shall
           now
           add
           ,
           that
           having
           found
           that
           Acid
           Spirits
           also
           would
           coagulate
           Serum
           .
           I
           thought
           fit
           to
           try
           ,
           whether
           Alcalys
           would
           not
           oppose
           ,
           or
           retard
           its
           Coagulation
           .
           Of
           which
           Tryal
           the
           event
           was
           ,
           that
           having
           put
           Spirit
           of
           Humane
           Blood
           to
           a
           convenient
           quantity
           of
           Serum
           ,
           and
           caus'd
           them
           to
           be
           kept
           stirring
           over
           a
           very
           gentle
           Fire
           ,
           though
           the
           Volatile
           Alcaly
           did
           not
           hinder
           the
           Coagulation
           ,
           yet
           it
           seem'd
           to
           make
           it
           both
           more
           slow
           ,
           and
           more
           soft
           or
           laxe
           .
           And
           this
           effect
           was
           yet
           more
           considerable
           ,
           when
           we
           try'd
           another
           parcel
           of
           Serum
           with
           Salt
           of
           Tartar
           instead
           of
           Spirit
           of
           Blood.
           
        
      
       
         
         
           
             The
             Fourth
             Part
          
           ,
           Containing
           the
           History
           of
           the
           Spirit
           of
           Humane
           Blood
           Begun
           ;
           In
           an
           Epistolary
           Discourse
           to
           the
           very
           Learned
           Dr.
           
             J.
             L.
          
           
        
         
           
             Sir
             ,
          
        
         
           HAving
           by
           want
           of
           leisure
           and
           opportunity
           ,
           been
           reduced
           to
           treat
           of
           the
           History
           of
           Humane
           Blood
           in
           so
           imperfect
           and
           desultory
           a
           way
           ,
           that
           several
           of
           the
           Titles
           have
           been
           left
           wholly
           untouch'd
           ,
           and
           others
           have
           been
           but
           transiently
           and
           jejunely
           treated
           of
           ;
           I
           thought
           fit
           to
           handle
           more
           fully
           ,
           some
           one
           of
           the
           Primary
           Titles
           ,
           and
           branch
           it
           into
           its
           several
           subordinate
           or
           secundary
           Titles
           .
           And
           for
           this
           purpose
           I
           pitch'd
           upon
           the
           Spirit
           of
           Humane
           
           Blood
           ,
           being
           willing
           on
           so
           noble
           a
           Subject
           to
           give
           a
           Specimen
           of
           what
           might
           have
           been
           done
           to
           Illustrate
           the
           other
           Primary
           Titles
           ,
           if
           some
           requisites
           had
           not
           been
           wanting
           .
           And
           since
           the
           Spirit
           of
           Humane
           Blood
           is
           at
           least
           one
           of
           the
           noblest
           of
           Urinous
           or
           Volatile
           Alcalies
           ;
           so
           that
           most
           of
           the
           things
           that
           shall
           be
           taught
           concerning
           that
           ,
           may
           with
           some
           little
           variation
           be
           apply'd
           to
           Spirit
           of
           Urine
           ,
           Hartshorn
           ,
           Sal-Armoniac
           ,
           Soot
           ,
           &c.
           
           I
           thought
           fit
           to
           lay
           down
           a
           Scheme
           of
           subordinate
           Titles
           ,
           whose
           Heads
           (
           which
           amount
           to
           above
           half
           the
           number
           of
           the
           Primary
           ones
           ,
           that
           belong
           to
           the
           whole
           History
           of
           Blood
           )
           should
           be
           so
           numerous
           and
           comprehensive
           ,
           that
           this
           Paper
           may
           pass
           not
           only
           for
           an
           Example
           ,
           but
           for
           a
           kind
           of
           summary
           of
           the
           History
           of
           Volatile
           Salts
           in
           general
           ,
           and
           so
           supply
           the
           loss
           of
           a
           Paper
           that
           I
           once
           begun
           on
           that
           Subject
           .
        
         
           And
           now
           I
           should
           without
           further
           
           Preamble
           proceed
           to
           the
           intended
           History
           ,
           but
           that
           I
           think
           it
           requisite
           to
           premise
           three
           or
           four
           short
           Advertisements
           .
           Whereof
           the
           First
           shall
           be
           ,
           That
           the
           Spirit
           I
           employ'd
           in
           making
           the
           following
           Tryals
           and
           Observations
           ,
           was
           drawn
           from
           Humane
           Blood
           without
           any
           Sand
           ,
           Clay
           ,
           or
           other
           Additament
           ,
           (
           save
           perhaps
           that
           by
           a
           mistake
           that
           could
           do
           no
           mischief
           ,
           a
           small
           parcel
           had
           some
           Vinous
           Spirit
           put
           to
           it
           to
           preserve
           it
           a
           while
           )
           and
           that
           the
           first
           distillations
           (
           which
           I
           so
           call
           to
           distinguish
           them
           from
           Rectifications
           )
           were
           perform'd
           in
           Retorts
           plac'd
           in
           Sand
           ,
           (
           and
           not
           with
           a
           naked
           Fire
           )
           care
           being
           taken
           that
           the
           Vessels
           were
           not
           too
           much
           fill'd
           because
           Blood
           ,
           N.
           B.
           if
           it
           be
           not
           well
           dry'd
           ,
           is
           apt
           to
           swell
           much
           ,
           and
           pass
           into
           the
           Neck
           of
           the
           Retort
           ,
           if
           not
           into
           the
           Receiver
           .
        
         
           Secondly
           ,
           I
           desire
           to
           give
           notice
           ,
           that
           the
           Blood
           we
           made
           use
           of
           ,
           was
           drawn
           from
           Persons
           that
           parted
           with
           it
           out
           of
           custom
           ,
           or
           for
           prevention
           ,
           
           which
           was
           the
           main
           reason
           why
           I
           was
           so
           scantly
           furnished
           with
           Blood
           ,
           that
           of
           sound
           persons
           being
           in
           the
           place
           I
           resided
           in
           ,
           very
           difficult
           to
           be
           procur'd
           in
           quantity
           ,
           and
           that
           of
           sick
           persons
           being
           unfit
           for
           my
           purpose
           .
        
         
           Thirdly
           ,
           It
           may
           not
           be
           amiss
           for
           obviating
           of
           some
           Scruples
           ,
           to
           advertise
           that
           ,
           there
           being
           so
           great
           a
           Cognation
           between
           the
           Spirit
           and
           Volatile
           Salt
           of
           Humane
           Blood
           ,
           that
           ,
           as
           we
           shall
           see
           anon
           ,
           't
           is
           probable
           that
           the
           latter
           is
           little
           other
           than
           the
           Spirit
           in
           a
           dry
           form
           ,
           and
           the
           former
           than
           the
           Salt
           united
           with
           Phlegm
           enough
           to
           give
           it
           a
           Liquid
           form
           ;
           't
           is
           presum'd
           that
           it
           may
           be
           allowable
           to
           consider
           the
           Volatile
           Salt
           of
           Blood
           as
           its
           dry
           Spirit
           .
        
         
           Lastly
           ,
           To
           the
           three
           foregoing
           ,
           't
           will
           be
           fit
           to
           add
           this
           Fourth
           Advertisement
           ,
           That
           tho
           ,
           in
           comparison
           of
           the
           Particulars
           thrown
           in
           to
           the
           Second
           and
           Third
           Part
           of
           those
           Memoirs
           ,
           the
           ensuing
           Fourth
           Part
           is
           
           methodically
           written
           ,
           yet
           you
           are
           not
           to
           expect
           to
           find
           in
           the
           Method
           any
           thing
           of
           Accurateness
           ;
           since
           the
           Experiments
           and
           Observations
           whereof
           this
           Fourth
           Part
           consists
           ,
           were
           written
           in
           loose
           Papers
           ,
           at
           distant
           times
           and
           on
           differing
           occasions
           ,
           and
           because
           of
           this
           and
           of
           my
           haste
           ,
           will
           be
           found
           ,
           without
           any
           regular
           dependence
           or
           connexion
           ,
           referr'd
           to
           the
           Titles
           under
           which
           they
           are
           ranged
           ,
           in
           that
           order
           ,
           or
           rather
           disorder
           ,
           wherein
           they
           chanc'd
           to
           come
           to
           hand
           .
        
         
           
           
             A
             List
             of
             the
             Secondary
             Titles
             concerning
             The
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood.
             
          
           
             
               a.
               
            
             
               1.
               
               WHether
               Humane
               Blood
               may
               be
               so
               order'd
               by
               Fermentation
               or
               Putrefaction
               ,
               as
               that
               in
               Distillation
               ,
               a
               Spirit
               ,
               either
               Urinous
               or
               Vinous
               ,
               may
               ascend
               before
               the
               Phlegm
               .
            
             
               b.
               
            
             
               2.
               
               Whether
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               be
               really
               any
               thing
               but
               the
               Volatile
               Salt
               and
               Phlegm
               well
               commix'd
               .
            
             
               c
            
             
               3.
               
               Of
               the
               Species
               of
               Saline
               Bodies
               to
               which
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               is
               to
               be
               referr'd
               .
            
             
               d.
               
            
             
               4.
               
               Whether
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               be
               differing
               from
               Spirit
               of
               Urine
               ,
               
               and
               other
               Spirits
               that
               are
               call'd
               volatile
               Alcalies
               .
            
             
               e.
               
            
             
               5.
               
               Of
               the
               Quantity
               of
               Spirit
               contain'd
               in
               Humane
               Blood
               :
               Whether
               accompanyed
               which
               its
               Serum
               or
               dry'd
               .
            
             
               f.
               
            
             
               6.
               
               Of
               the
               Specifick
               Gravity
               of
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood.
               
            
             
               g.
               
            
             
               7.
               
               Of
               the
               Odour
               ,
               Tast
               ,
               Colour
               ,
               Transparence
               and
               Consistence
               of
               the
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood.
               
            
             
               h.
               
            
             
               8.
               
               Of
               the
               Dissolutive
               Power
               of
               the
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood.
               
            
             
               i.
               
            
             
               9.
               
               Of
               the
               Tinctures
               that
               may
               be
               drawn
               with
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood.
               
            
             
               k.
               
            
             
               10.
               
               Of
               the
               Coagulating
               Power
               of
               the
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood.
               
            
             
               l.
               
            
             
               11.
               
               Of
               the
               Precipitating
               Power
               of
               the
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood.
               
            
             
               
                 
                 m.
              
               
            
             
               12.
               
               Of
               the
               Affinity
               between
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               ,
               and
               some
               Chymical
               Oyls
               and
               Vinous
               Spirits
               .
            
             
               n.
               
            
             
               13.
               
               Of
               the
               Relation
               between
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               and
               the
               Air.
               
            
             
               o.
               
            
             
               14.
               
               Of
               the
               Hostility
               of
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               with
               Acids
               ,
               whether
               they
               be
               in
               the
               form
               of
               Liquors
               ,
               or
               of
               Fumes
               .
            
             
               p.
               
            
             
               15.
               
               Of
               the
               Medicinal
               vertues
               of
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               outwardly
               applied
               .
            
             
               q.
               
            
             
               16.
               
               Of
               the
               Medicinal
               vertues
               of
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               inwardly
               us'd
               in
               Pleurisies
               ,
               Headachs
               ,
               Coughs
               ,
               Fevers
               ,
               Scurvies
               ,
               Cachexies
               ,
               Dropsies
               ,
               Fits
               of
               the
               Mother
               ,
               &c.
               
            
             
               App.
               An
               Appendix
               containing
               Parralipomena
               ,
               and
               Promiscuous
               Experiments
               ,
               and
               Observations
               concerning
               
               the
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood.
               
            
          
        
         
           
             The
             I.
             (
             Secondary
             )
             Title
             .
             
               Whether
               Humane
               Blood
               may
               be
               so
               order'd
               by
               Fermentation
               ,
               or
               Putrefaction
               ,
               as
               that
               in
               Distillation
               a
               Spirit
               either
               Vrinous
               or
               Vinous
               ,
               may
               ascend
               before
               the
               Phlegm
               .
            
          
           
             IT
             is
             not
             unlike
             ,
             that
             you
             will
             think
             the
             Question
             propos'd
             in
             this
             Title
             ,
             more
             curious
             than
             necessary
             ;
             and
             I
             shall
             not
             quarrel
             with
             you
             if
             you
             do
             so
             .
             But
             that
             you
             may
             not
             think
             it
             groundless
             ,
             I
             desire
             two
             things
             may
             be
             consider'd
             ;
             first
             ,
             how
             ordinary
             it
             is
             ,
             especially
             since
             the
             Learned
             Dr.
             
             Willis's
             Writings
             came
             to
             be
             applauded
             ,
             to
             look
             upon
             Fevers
             as
             inordinate
             Fermentations
             of
             the
             Blood.
             And
             the
             second
             ,
             that
             tho
             Humane
             Urine
             ,
             which
             has
             a
             great
             cognation
             with
             the
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             will
             not
             ,
             whilst
             fresh
             ,
             afford
             by
             Distillation
             
             a
             Spirit
             or
             Volatile
             Salt
             ,
             till
             the
             Phlegm
             be
             first
             drawn
             off
             ,
             and
             then
             requires
             a
             good
             Fire
             to
             make
             it
             rise
             ;
             yet
             ,
             if
             it
             be
             kept
             for
             a
             competent
             time
             (
             which
             usually
             amounts
             to
             divers
             weeks
             )
             in
             Fermentation
             ,
             (
             as
             Chymists
             commonly
             call
             that
             ,
             which
             in
             this
             case
             I
             would
             rather
             stile
             Putrefaction
             )
             the
             Spirit
             and
             Volatile
             Salt
             will
             with
             a
             gentle
             Fire
             ascend
             ,
             before
             much
             ,
             if
             not
             before
             any
             Phlegm
             .
          
           
             These
             two
             Considerations
             ,
             as
             I
             was
             intimating
             ,
             may
             keep
             that
             from
             being
             thought
             a
             groundless
             Question
             ,
             which
             has
             been
             above
             propos'd
             .
             And
             ,
             thô
             I
             more
             incline
             to
             the
             Negative
             than
             to
             the
             Affirmative
             ,
             at
             least
             as
             to
             the
             first
             part
             or
             member
             of
             the
             Question
             ,
             yet
             I
             thought
             it
             well
             deserv'd
             to
             be
             determin'd
             ,
             if
             it
             may
             be
             ,
             by
             Experiment
             .
             But
             for
             want
             of
             a
             sufficient
             quantity
             of
             Blood
             ,
             and
             good
             luck
             in
             making
             Tryals
             with
             that
             I
             could
             procure
             ,
             I
             must
             suspend
             my
             Judgment
             ,
             till
             further
             Experience
             resolve
             me
             one
             way
             or
             other
             .
             
             By
             what
             I
             have
             yet
             try'd
             ,
             I
             am
             not
             much
             encourag'd
             to
             expect
             from
             Humane
             Blood
             a
             Vinous
             or
             Ardent
             Spirit
             ,
             thô
             that
             be
             the
             usual
             product
             of
             Fermentation
             in
             Liquors
             ,
             and
             I
             am
             the
             less
             encourag'd
             to
             expect
             this
             ,
             because
             I
             am
             not
             sure
             that
             there
             is
             any
             Fermentation
             truly
             &
             properly
             so
             call'd
             in
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             either
             within
             or
             out
             of
             the
             Body
             ;
             having
             never
             yet
             found
             any
             thing
             in
             the
             Blood
             ,
             or
             Urine
             ,
             that
             convinc'd
             me
             ,
             that
             either
             of
             those
             Liquors
             would
             afford
             an
             ardent
             Spirit
             .
             I
             remember
             I
             once
             kept
             Humane
             Blood
             for
             a
             year
             together
             ,
             in
             a
             Glass
             very
             carefully
             ,
             and
             if
             I
             mistake
             not
             ,
             Hermetically
             clos'd
             ,
             with
             a
             purpose
             to
             try
             ,
             whether
             any
             Spirits
             would
             first
             ascend
             .
             But
             when
             the
             Blood
             came
             to
             be
             expos'd
             to
             the
             contact
             of
             the
             Air
             ,
             the
             stink
             was
             so
             great
             and
             offensive
             ,
             especially
             to
             some
             Ladies
             that
             liv'd
             in
             the
             house
             ,
             that
             we
             were
             fain
             to
             have
             it
             hastily
             thrown
             away
             .
             Another
             time
             ,
             having
             caus'd
             some
             Sheeps
             
             Blood
             to
             be
             digested
             in
             a
             pretty
             large
             Vial
             Hermetically
             sealed
             ,
             after
             it
             had
             continued
             a
             good
             while
             in
             the
             Digestive
             Furnace
             ,
             upon
             a
             sudden
             ,
             thô
             no
             Body
             touched
             it
             ,
             it
             broke
             with
             a
             surprizing
             noise
             ,
             and
             blew
             off
             the
             long
             neck
             of
             the
             Vial.
             Two
             or
             three
             almost
             like
             mischances
             I
             had
             with
             Attempts
             made
             on
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             which
             I
             was
             the
             more
             troubled
             at
             ,
             because
             I
             thought
             it
             not
             very
             improbable
             ,
             that
             by
             Putrefaction
             the
             Texture
             of
             Blood
             ,
             like
             that
             of
             Urine
             ,
             may
             be
             so
             loosen'd
             or
             otherwise
             alter'd
             ,
             that
             a
             Volatile
             Salt
             or
             Spirit
             may
             in
             a
             slow
             distillation
             ascend
             before
             the
             Phlegm
             .
             But
             ,
             as
             I
             said
             before
             ,
             't
             is
             only
             from
             further
             Experience
             that
             I
             must
             expect
             Satisfaction
             in
             these
             Enquiries
             .
          
           
             Yet
             in
             the
             mean
             time
             I
             shall
             add
             on
             this
             occasion
             ,
             That
             the
             ill
             success
             I
             had
             in
             my
             Attempts
             to
             draw
             a
             Spirit
             from
             entire
             Portions
             of
             Blood
             ,
             without
             separating
             any
             part
             from
             it
             ,
             or
             adding
             any
             foreign
             Body
             to
             it
             ,
             
             did
             not
             hinder
             ,
             but
             rather
             invite
             ,
             me
             to
             try
             ,
             whether
             I
             could
             not
             make
             some
             Experiment
             of
             affinity
             to
             those
             above
             mentioned
             upon
             whose
             success
             I
             might
             ground
             some
             kind
             of
             Conjecture
             ,
             what
             would
             have
             been
             the
             Events
             of
             those
             Tryals
             ,
             in
             case
             they
             had
             not
             miscarryed
             .
             Wherefore
             looking
             upon
             the
             Serum
             of
             Blood
             as
             the
             likelyest
             part
             of
             it
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             much
             more
             likely
             than
             the
             entire
             Blood
             ,
             to
             concur
             to
             a
             Fermentation
             properly
             so
             call'd
             ;
             we
             took
             some
             Ounces
             of
             this
             Serum
             ,
             and
             put
             to
             it
             about
             a
             fourth
             part
             of
             Raisins
             (
             of
             the
             Sun
             )
             well
             bruis'd
             ,
             and
             kept
             them
             in
             a
             Glass
             ,
             whereof
             a
             considerable
             part
             was
             left
             empty
             ,
             and
             having
             clos'd
             the
             Vessel
             ,
             we
             kept
             it
             in
             a
             warm
             room
             for
             many
             days
             .
             The
             Event
             of
             this
             Tryal
             was
             ,
             that
             within
             few
             days
             the
             Raisins
             began
             to
             emerge
             ,
             and
             afterwards
             continued
             to
             float
             ;
             and
             there
             was
             produc'd
             or
             extricated
             a
             considerable
             quantity
             of
             permanent
             and
             Springy
             Air
             ,
             as
             by
             a
             certain
             Contrivance
             
             described
             in
             another
             Paper
             ,
             did
             manifestly
             appear
             .
             Both
             which
             Phaenomena
             seem'd
             plainly
             to
             argue
             ,
             that
             there
             had
             been
             some
             degree
             of
             Fermentation
             produc'd
             in
             the
             mixture
             .
             But
             yet
             when
             we
             came
             to
             distill
             the
             thus
             alter'd
             Serum
             ,
             thô
             it
             did
             not
             stink
             ,
             as
             if
             it
             had
             putrefied
             it
             would
             have
             done
             ,
             yet
             the
             Liquor
             that
             first
             ascended
             ,
             even
             with
             a
             gentle
             heat
             ,
             did
             not
             tast
             or
             smell
             like
             a
             Vinous
             Spirit
             ,
             thô
             it
             was
             differing
             from
             meer
             Phlegm
             .
             If
             I
             had
             been
             furnished
             with
             a
             greater
             quantity
             of
             Serum
             ,
             perhaps
             the
             reiterated
             Experiment
             would
             have
             given
             more
             satisfaction
             ;
             and
             in
             making
             it
             I
             would
             have
             been
             careful
             to
             observe
             ,
             whether
             the
             produc'd
             Fermentation
             might
             not
             be
             suspected
             to
             proceed
             not
             so
             much
             from
             the
             whole
             Serum
             as
             such
             ,
             as
             from
             the
             Aqueous
             Particles
             ,
             in
             distinction
             from
             the
             others
             that
             concur'd
             with
             them
             to
             compose
             it
             .
          
           
             As
             for
             the
             Second
             Question
             intimated
             in
             this
             present
             First
             Title
             ,
             namely
             ,
             
             whether
             Blood
             will
             by
             Digestion
             or
             Putrefaction
             be
             so
             opened
             ,
             as
             that
             when
             it
             is
             distill'd
             ,
             the
             Spirit
             will
             ascend
             before
             the
             Phelgm
             :
             I
             likewise
             endeavour'd
             to
             try
             ,
             That
             ,
             with
             the
             Serous
             part
             of
             the
             Blood
             pour'd
             off
             from
             the
             Fibrous
             or
             Coagulated
             ,
             as
             supposing
             it
             in
             this
             separated
             state
             ,
             more
             proper
             for
             our
             Tryal
             than
             the
             entire
             Blood
             :
             and
             having
             kept
             a
             pretty
             quantity
             of
             this
             Serum
             above
             four
             times
             as
             long
             ,
             as
             I
             had
             observ'd
             to
             have
             been
             sufficient
             ,
             to
             make
             Urine
             in
             Distillation
             part
             with
             its
             Spirit
             before
             its
             Phlegm
             ;
             we
             distill'd
             this
             long
             kept
             Liquor
             with
             a
             very
             gentle
             sire
             ,
             that
             few
             or
             none
             besides
             the
             fugitive
             parts
             might
             at
             first
             ascend
             .
             But
             we
             found
             the
             Liquor
             that
             came
             over
             ,
             to
             have
             but
             little
             strength
             ,
             either
             as
             to
             smell
             or
             Tast
             ,
             nor
             would
             it
             readily
             turn
             Syrup
             of
             violets
             Green.
             I
             say
             readily
             ,
             because
             after
             they
             had
             been
             some
             hours
             together
             it
             would
             .
             But
             yet
             as
             a
             Volatile
             Alcaly
             ,
             it
             would
             presently
             turn
             a
             strong
             solution
             made
             of
             common
             Sublimate
             
             in
             fair
             Water
             ,
             into
             a
             White
             ,
             Opacous
             ,
             and
             almost
             Milky
             Liquor
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             II.
             (
             Secondary
             )
             Title
             ,
             
               Whether
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               be
               really
               any
               thing
               but
               the
               Volatile
               Salt
               and
               Phlegm
               well
               commix'd
               ?
            
          
           
             SInce
             the
             Question
             mov'd
             in
             this
             Title
             may
             be
             also
             propounded
             concerning
             other
             Alcalisate
             Spirits
             ,
             as
             those
             of
             Urine
             ,
             Harts-horn
             ,
             Soot
             ,
             &c.
             
             It
             is
             upon
             that
             account
             the
             more
             important
             .
             And
             for
             this
             Reason
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             for
             the
             difficulty
             of
             determining
             it
             by
             cogent
             Proofs
             ,
             I
             may
             think
             my self
             oblig'd
             to
             forbear
             taking
             upon
             me
             to
             decide
             it
             peremptorily
             ,
             till
             further
             Experience
             shall
             have
             furnish'd
             me
             with
             fuller
             Information
             .
             So
             that
             for
             the
             present
             about
             this
             difficult
             Question
             ,
             I
             shall
             venture
             to
             say
             no
             more
             than
             this
             ,
             that
             what
             has
             hitherto
             
             occurr'd
             to
             me
             ,
             inclines
             me
             to
             think
             that
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             is
             totally
             compos'd
             of
             Volatile
             Salt
             and
             Phlegm
             ,
             if
             by
             Phlegm
             ,
             we
             understand
             not
             Simple
             ,
             or
             Elementary
             Water
             ,
             but
             a
             Liquor
             ,
             that
             ,
             althô
             it
             pass
             among
             Chymists
             for
             Phlegm
             ,
             and
             deserves
             that
             name
             better
             than
             any
             other
             Liquor
             afforded
             by
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             yet
             in
             the
             strictest
             acception
             it
             is
             not
             That
             ;
             for
             when
             the
             Spirit
             ,
             Volatile
             Salt
             ,
             and
             Oil
             ,
             are
             separated
             from
             it
             by
             Distillation
             and
             Sublimation
             ,
             as
             far
             as
             they
             are
             wont
             to
             be
             in
             Chymical
             Preparations
             of
             Volatile
             Alcalies
             ,
             the
             remaining
             Liquor
             ,
             which
             passes
             for
             Phlegm
             ,
             will
             yet
             be
             impregnated
             with
             some
             Particles
             of
             Oyl
             ,
             and
             perhaps
             also
             with
             some
             few
             of
             volatile
             Salt
             ,
             that
             are
             too
             minute
             to
             be
             distinguishable
             by
             the
             naked
             Eye
             .
             But
             whether
             frequent
             Rectifications
             may
             so
             accurately
             separate
             these
             Heterogeneous
             parts
             ,
             as
             perfectly
             to
             free
             the
             Aqueous
             ones
             from
             them
             ,
             and
             
             thereby
             reduce
             the
             Phlegm
             to
             Simple
             or
             Elementary
             Water
             ,
             I
             am
             content
             at
             least
             till
             I
             shall
             have
             had
             sufficient
             Quantities
             of
             distill'd
             Blood
             for
             making
             the
             requisite
             Tryals
             ,
             to
             leave
             as
             a
             Problem
             .
             And
             this
             the
             rather
             ,
             because
             I
             am
             not
             sure
             ,
             but
             that
             by
             frequent
             Distillations
             ,
             some
             Particles
             of
             the
             Fire
             may
             from
             time
             to
             time
             Substantially
             be
             associated
             with
             those
             of
             the
             Liquor
             ;
             nor
             yet
             but
             that
             even
             in
             the
             first
             Distillation
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             The
             Fire
             may
             have
             either
             separated
             or
             produc'd
             a
             Liquor
             that
             though
             almost
             strengthless
             ,
             and
             not
             justly
             referable
             to
             either
             of
             the
             receiv'd
             Principles
             or
             Ingredients
             ,
             Oyl
             ,
             Salt
             and
             Earth
             ,
             is
             not
             yet
             Phlegm
             truly
             so
             call'd
             ,
             but
             a
             Liquor
             as
             yet
             Anonymous
             ;
             as
             I
             have
             elsewhere
             shewn
             ,
             that
             Woods
             and
             many
             other
             Bodies
             afford
             by
             Distillation
             a
             Liquor
             that
             is
             not
             an
             Oyl
             ,
             and
             is
             neither
             Acid
             nor
             Alcalisate
             ,
             and
             yet
             is
             no
             true
             Phlegm
             ,
             but
             as
             I
             have
             there
             styled
             it
             ,
             an
             
               Adiaphorous
               Spirit
            
             .
          
           
           
             It
             will
             probably
             be
             thought
             Material
             ,
             if
             on
             this
             occasion
             I
             add
             ,
             in
             favour
             of
             the
             Opinion
             or
             Conjecture
             to
             which
             I
             lately
             own'd
             my self
             inclin'd
             ,
             That
             considering
             that
             the
             knowledge
             of
             the
             Composition
             of
             a
             Body
             may
             be
             sometimes
             as
             well
             ,
             if
             not
             better
             ,
             investigated
             by
             the
             way
             of
             generating
             or
             producing
             of
             it
             ,
             as
             by
             that
             of
             Analysing
             or
             Resolving
             it
             ;
             I
             made
             for
             Tryals
             sake
             the
             following
             Experiment
             .
             We
             dissolv'd
             in
             distilled
             Water
             as
             much
             Volatile
             Salt
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             as
             the
             Liquor
             would
             take
             up
             ,
             and
             then
             having
             carefully
             distill'd
             it
             in
             a
             conveniently
             shap'd
             Vessel
             ,
             with
             a
             regulated
             degree
             of
             Heat
             ,
             the
             Distillation
             afforded
             us
             such
             a
             Liquor
             as
             was
             desir'd
             ,
             namely
             one
             that
             by
             Smell
             ,
             Tast
             and
             divers
             Operations
             ,
             appear'd
             to
             be
             a
             good
             brisk
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood.
             This
             Experiment
             for
             the
             main
             ,
             was
             made
             another
             time
             with
             the
             like
             success
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             The
             III
             (
             Secondary
             )
             Title
             .
             
               Of
               the
               Species
               of
               Saline
               Bodies
               to
               which
               the
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               is
               to
               be
               refer'd
               .
            
          
           
             I
             need
             not
             spend
             much
             time
             to
             declare
             a
             thing
             that
             is
             now
             so
             well
             known
             to
             many
             Physicians
             and
             Chymists
             of
             this
             and
             some
             of
             the
             neighbouring
             Countries
             ,
             as
             't
             is
             that
             of
             late
             years
             Saline
             Spirits
             obtain'd
             by
             Distillation
             have
             been
             observ'd
             to
             be
             of
             two
             sorts
             .
             But
             because
             there
             are
             many
             ,
             even
             of
             the
             Learned
             especially
             in
             the
             remoter
             parts
             of
             Europe
             ,
             that
             are
             not
             well
             acquainted
             with
             this
             Distinction
             ,
             lest
             some
             to
             whom
             you
             may
             shew
             this
             Paper
             should
             chance
             to
             be
             of
             that
             number
             ,
             it
             may
             not
             be
             amiss
             to
             intimate
             in
             two
             or
             three
             Words
             ,
             that
             the
             
               Saline
               Spirits
            
             that
             ascend
             
             in
             Distillation
             ,
             are
             some
             of
             them
             Acid
             in
             Tast
             ,
             as
             Spirit
             of
             Nitre
             ,
             Spirit
             of
             Vitriol
             ,
             &c.
             
             And
             some
             others
             have
             Tasts
             very
             differing
             from
             that
             ,
             being
             rather
             somewhat
             like
             
               Common
               Salt
            
             ,
             or
             like
             Lixiviate
             Salts
             .
             And
             the
             difference
             is
             greater
             in
             their
             operations
             than
             in
             their
             Tasts
             ;
             For
             being
             put
             together
             there
             will
             presently
             ensue
             a
             manifest
             Conflict
             between
             them
             ,
             and
             usually
             (
             for
             I
             have
             not
             found
             it
             to
             hold
             in
             all
             cases
             )
             the
             one
             will
             Precipitate
             the
             Bodies
             that
             the
             other
             hath
             Dissolved
             .
             And
             't
             is
             necessary
             to
             add
             ,
             that
             among
             the
             Salts
             called
             Alcalies
             ,
             some
             are
             Fixt
             in
             considerable
             degrees
             of
             Fire
             ,
             and
             others
             not
             ,
             for
             which
             reason
             divers
             modern
             Spagyrists
             and
             Physicians
             ,
             that
             take
             Acid
             and
             Alcaly
             for
             the
             true
             Principles
             of
             Mixt
             Bodies
             ,
             call
             the
             one
             Fixt
             and
             the
             other
             
               Volatile
               Alcalies
            
             .
             And
             ,
             though
             I
             have
             elsewhere
             questioned
             this
             Doctrine
             ,
             and
             given
             my
             Reasons
             why
             I
             approve
             neither
             it
             nor
             the
             Appellations
             newly
             mention'd
             ,
             and
             often
             call
             the
             Salts
             
             made
             by
             Combustion
             ,
             simply
             Alcalies
             or
             else
             
               Lixiviate
               Salts
            
             ,
             and
             those
             that
             ascend
             sometimes
             Vrinous
             ,
             and
             sometimes
             
               Volatile
               Salts
            
             and
             
               Spirits
               :
               yet
            
             ,
             since
             the
             Names
             of
             
               Fixt
               Alcalies
            
             and
             Volatile
             ones
             are
             now
             much
             in
             request
             ,
             I
             shall
             comply
             with
             custom
             ,
             &
             oftentimes
             (
             though
             not
             always
             )
             make
             use
             of
             them
             in
             the
             sense
             of
             those
             that
             employ
             them
             .
          
           
             These
             things
             being
             premis'd
             I
             may
             now
             seasonably
             propound
             this
             important
             Question
             ,
             
               To
               what
               Species
               of
               Saline
               Bodies
               the
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               is
               to
               be
               referr'd
               ?
            
             I
             say
             of
             
               Saline
               Bodies
            
             because
             though
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             be
             a
             Liquor
             ,
             yet
             it
             s
             more
             efficacious
             Operations
             seem
             almost
             (
             if
             not
             more
             then
             almost
             )
             totally
             to
             depend
             upon
             the
             Fugitive
             Salt
             wherewith
             it
             abounds
             .
             The
             ground
             of
             the
             foregoing
             Question
             may
             be
             twofold
             ;
             the
             one
             ,
             that
             I
             have
             elsewhere
             prov'd
             against
             the
             general
             supposition
             ,
             that
             some
             
               Volatile
               Salts
            
             ,
             that
             arise
             even
             in
             a
             dry
             form
             ,
             may
             not
             be
             of
             an
             Alcalisate
             ;
             
             but
             Acid
             nature
             ,
             and
             the
             other
             ,
             that
             not
             only
             Helmont
             and
             his
             Disciples
             ,
             but
             a
             great
             part
             of
             the
             Modern
             Chymists
             and
             Physicians
             too
             ,
             ascribe
             Digestion
             to
             an
             Acid
             Ferment
             or
             Menstruum
             in
             the
             Stomach
             ;
             Whence
             one
             may
             suspect
             that
             store
             of
             Acid
             Corpuscles
             may
             pass
             into
             the
             Mass
             of
             Blood
             ,
             &
             impregnate
             it
             ,
             as
             I
             elsewhere
             shew
             that
             Particles
             of
             differing
             Natures
             may
             be
             even
             by
             the
             senses
             discovered
             to
             do
             .
          
           
             But
             notwithstanding
             this
             ,
             I
             shall
             not
             scruple
             to
             say
             in
             answer
             to
             the
             propounded
             Question
             ,
             that
             ,
             as
             far
             as
             I
             have
             hitherto
             been
             able
             to
             observe
             ,
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             is
             manifestly
             referable
             to
             that
             Classis
             that
             many
             call
             
               Volatile
               Alcalies
            
             (
             and
             I
             often
             call
             
               Vrinous
               Spirits
            
             )
             for
             I
             find
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             capable
             of
             doing
             those
             things
             ,
             the
             performance
             of
             which
             has
             been
             looked
             on
             almost
             ever
             since
             I
             publickly
             propos'd
             them
             ,
             as
             the
             Touchstone
             to
             know
             Volatile
             Alcalies
             ,
             and
             distinguish
             them
             from
             the
             other
             sorts
             of
             Saline
             Bodies
             .
             For
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             
             Blood
             will
             make
             a
             great
             conflict
             with
             divers
             Acid
             Spirits
             ,
             as
             Spirit
             of
             Salt
             ,
             
               Aqua
               fortis
               ,
               &c.
            
             
             It
             will
             immediately
             turn
             Syrup
             of
             Violets
             from
             its
             Blew
             Colour
             into
             a
             fair
             Green
             ,
             't
             will
             Precipitate
             a
             Solution
             of
             Sublimate
             in
             common
             Water
             ,
             into
             a
             White
             Powder
             ,
             and
             in
             short
             I
             found
             it
             to
             perform
             those
             other
             things
             that
             may
             be
             expected
             from
             
               Volatile
               Alcalies
            
             as
             such
             ,
             as
             often
             as
             I
             had
             occasion
             to
             make
             Tryal
             of
             it
             ,
             sometimes
             on
             one
             Body
             ,
             and
             sometimes
             on
             another
             .
          
           
             If
             I
             were
             sure
             (
             as
             for
             Reasons
             elsewhere
             declar'd
             I
             am
             not
             )
             that
             the
             Digestion
             of
             Aliments
             were
             made
             by
             an
             Acid
             Ferment
             or
             Juice
             ,
             whencesoever
             the
             Stomach
             is
             furnish'd
             with
             it
             ,
             I
             should
             be
             prone
             to
             suspect
             that
             some
             Acid
             Particles
             may
             be
             mingled
             with
             the
             Blood.
             But
             however
             that
             would
             not
             hinder
             me
             from
             referring
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             to
             Volatile
             Alcalies
             ,
             because
             so
             few
             Acid
             Particles
             would
             be
             either
             destroy'd
             
             by
             the
             Alcalisate
             ones
             ,
             that
             are
             so
             abundant
             in
             the
             Spirit
             ,
             or
             at
             least
             these
             would
             be
             so
             very
             much
             predominant
             ,
             as
             to
             allow
             us
             very
             warrantably
             to
             give
             on
             their
             account
             a
             Denomination
             to
             the
             Mixture
             .
             As
             if
             a
             few
             drops
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Vinegar
             were
             mix'd
             with
             some
             Pints
             or
             Pounds
             of
             stale
             Vrine
             ,
             they
             would
             either
             be
             depriv'd
             of
             their
             Acidity
             by
             some
             Corpuscles
             of
             a
             contrary
             nature
             ,
             that
             they
             would
             meet
             with
             in
             the
             Liquor
             ,
             or
             they
             would
             be
             so
             obscur'd
             and
             overpower'd
             by
             the
             Fugitive
             Salts
             it
             abounds
             with
             ,
             that
             the
             Acetous
             Corpuscles
             would
             not
             hinder
             the
             Spirituous
             Liquor
             drawn
             from
             the
             Mixture
             by
             distillation
             to
             be
             justly
             referable
             to
             the
             Classis
             of
             
               Volatile
               ,
               Vrinous
               Salts
            
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             The
             IV.
             (
             Secondary
             )
             Title
             .
             
               Whether
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               be
               differing
               from
               Spirit
               of
               Vrine
               ,
               and
               other
               Spirits
               that
               are
               call'd
               Volatile
               Alcalies
               ?
            
          
           
             THe
             Question
             ,
             
               Whether
               there
               be
               any
               difference
               be●ween
               the
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               ,
               and
               other
               volatile
               Alcalies
               ?
            
             As
             Spirit
             of
             Urine
             ,
             Harts-horn
             ,
             &c.
             seems
             to
             me
             very
             difficult
             to
             be
             decided
             ,
             because
             two
             Bodies
             may
             agree
             in
             many
             Qualities
             ,
             and
             perhaps
             in
             all
             of
             those
             that
             are
             the
             most
             obvious
             ,
             and
             yet
             may
             on
             some
             third
             Body
             ,
             or
             in
             some
             Cases
             ,
             manifest
             distinct
             Powers
             ,
             and
             have
             their
             peculiar
             Operations
             .
             Nor
             do
             I
             yet
             see
             any
             certain
             way
             ,
             by
             which
             the
             Affirmative
             part
             of
             the
             Question
             ,
             thô
             it
             should
             be
             true
             ,
             can
             be
             clearly
             demonstrated
             .
             Therefore
             
             leaving
             the
             peremptory
             Decision
             of
             this
             Question
             ,
             to
             those
             that
             shall
             think
             themselves
             qualify'd
             to
             make
             it
             ,
             I
             shall
             (
             at
             least
             till
             I
             be
             further
             inform'd
             )
             content
             my self
             to
             make
             a
             Couple
             of
             Remarks
             ,
             in
             reference
             to
             the
             propos'd
             Enquiry
             .
          
           
             And
             first
             I
             think
             ,
             there
             may
             be
             a
             great
             difference
             between
             Volatile
             Salts
             or
             Spirits
             ,
             as
             they
             are
             ordinarily
             prepar'd
             for
             medicinal
             uses
             ,
             and
             as
             they
             may
             ,
             by
             reiterated
             Rectifications
             ,
             and
             otherways
             of
             Depuration
             ,
             be
             brought
             to
             as
             great
             a
             simplicity
             or
             Purity
             ,
             as
             a
             dextrous
             Chymist
             can
             bring
             them
             to
             :
             I
             thus
             express
             my self
             ,
             because
             as
             to
             an
             Exquisite
             or
             Elementary
             Simplicity
             thô
             some
             eminent
             Artists
             pretend
             to
             it
             ,
             I
             am
             not
             sure
             that
             Chymists
             can
             attain
             it
             ;
             especially
             considering
             what
             I
             elsewhere
             shew
             of
             the
             unheeded
             Commixtures
             ,
             that
             may
             (
             at
             least
             sometimes
             )
             be
             made
             by
             the
             Corpuscles
             of
             the
             Fire
             ,
             with
             those
             of
             the
             Bodies
             it
             works
             on
             .
          
           
           
             My
             other
             Remark
             is
             ,
             that
             whether
             or
             no
             ,
             if
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             and
             other
             Liquors
             abounding
             like
             it
             in
             Volatile
             Alcalies
             ,
             were
             reduc'd
             to
             as
             great
             a
             purity
             as
             they
             can
             by
             Art
             be
             brought
             to
             ,
             they
             would
             be
             altogether
             alike
             in
             their
             Nature
             and
             Qualities
             ;
             yet
             ,
             if
             we
             consider
             them
             (
             as
             men
             use
             to
             do
             )
             in
             that
             state
             wherein
             they
             are
             wont
             to
             be
             thought
             pure
             enough
             for
             medicinal
             uses
             ,
             and
             are
             accordingly
             employ'd
             by
             Physicians
             and
             Chymists
             ;
             I
             think
             it
             very
             probable
             ,
             that
             there
             is
             some
             difference
             between
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             and
             some
             other
             Volatile
             Alcalies
             ,
             and
             particularly
             those
             afforded
             by
             Urine
             and
             by
             Harts-horn
             .
             For
             thô
             to
             me
             the
             bad
             smells
             of
             all
             these
             Liquors
             seem
             to
             be
             much
             alike
             ,
             yet
             divers
             Ladies
             ,
             and
             those
             of
             very
             differing
             Ages
             ,
             affirm
             they
             find
             a
             manifest
             difference
             between
             these
             smells
             ,
             and
             do
             abhor
             the
             odour
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             as
             a
             stink
             ,
             though
             they
             will
             with
             pleasure
             hold
             their
             noses
             a
             great
             
             while
             over
             the
             Sp.
             of
             Harts-horn
             ,
             and
             even
             that
             of
             (
             vulgar
             or
             European
             )
             Sal-armoniac
             (
             which
             is
             in
             effect
             a
             Sp.
             of
             Mans
             Urine
             )
             and
             affirm
             themselves
             to
             be
             much
             refresh'd
             by
             it
             .
             And
             ,
             whereas
             with
             Spirit
             of
             Urine
             or
             of
             Sal-armoniac
             joyn'd
             in
             a
             due
             proportion
             with
             Spirit
             of
             Salt
             ,
             I
             have
             usually
             (
             as
             I
             have
             long
             since
             noted
             in
             another
             Paper
             a
             )
             been
             able
             to
             make
             a
             Salt
             that
             shoots
             into
             the
             peculiar
             Figure
             of
             Sal-Armoniac
             ,
             which
             figure
             is
             very
             differing
             from
             that
             of
             Sea
             Salt
             ,
             Nitre
             ,
             &c.
             
             I
             have
             seldom
             ,
             if
             ever
             obtain'd
             (
             at
             least
             in
             any
             quantity
             )
             a
             Salt
             of
             that
             shape
             ,
             by
             the
             commixture
             of
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             with
             that
             of
             common
             Salt
             ;
             for
             ,
             though
             their
             Saline
             Corpuscles
             ,
             upon
             the
             Evaporation
             of
             the
             Superfluous
             moisture
             ,
             would
             coagulate
             together
             ,
             yet
             the
             concretion
             seem'd
             confus'd
             ,
             and
             either
             all
             or
             a
             great
             part
             of
             it
             was
             destitute
             of
             that
             neat
             and
             distinct
             shape
             ,
             that
             I
             had
             several
             times
             
             observ'd
             in
             concretions
             ,
             made
             by
             the
             mixture
             of
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Sea-Salt
             with
             Urinous
             Spirits
             .
             And
             ,
             as
             to
             the
             Medicinal
             vertues
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             though
             I
             have
             not
             had
             opportunity
             to
             make
             comparisons
             experimentally
             ,
             and
             therefore
             shall
             forbear
             to
             affirm
             any
             thing
             my self
             ,
             yet
             ,
             if
             we
             credit
             the
             famous
             Helmont
             ,
             there
             is
             a
             considerable
             difference
             between
             the
             Sp.
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             &
             that
             of
             Humane
             Urine
             ,
             since
             he
             somewhere
             expressly
             notes
             ,
             (
             though
             I
             remember
             not
             the
             place
             ,
             nor
             have
             his
             Book
             at
             hand
             )
             that
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             cures
             Epilepsies
             ,
             which
             is
             a
             thing
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Urine
             will
             not
             do
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             The
             V.
             (
             Secondary
             )
             Title
             .
             
               Of
               the
               Quantity
               of
               Spirit
               contain'd
               in
               Humane
               Blood
               whether
               accompany'd
               with
               its
               Serum
               or
               dry'd
               .
            
          
           
             'T
             Is
             not
             easy
             to
             determine
             the
             exact
             proportion
             of
             that
             Liquor
             ,
             which
             ,
             when
             by
             Distillation
             obtain'd
             from
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             the
             Chymists
             call
             its
             Spirit
             ,
             in
             reference
             to
             the
             other
             Principles
             or
             Ingredients
             whereof
             the
             Blood
             consists
             .
             For
             some
             Mens
             Blood
             may
             be
             much
             more
             Phlegmatick
             or
             serous
             than
             that
             of
             others
             ,
             which
             it self
             may
             be
             more
             or
             less
             Spirituous
             according
             to
             the
             Complexion
             ,
             Age
             ,
             Sex
             ,
             &c.
             of
             the
             person
             that
             bleeds
             .
             But
             ,
             to
             make
             some
             Estimate
             ,
             that
             will
             not
             probably
             much
             recede
             from
             what
             may
             be
             ordinarily
             found
             ,
             I
             shall
             inform
             you
             ,
             that
             Twelve
             Ounces
             of
             
             healthy
             Humane
             Blood
             afforded
             us
             seven
             Ounces
             and
             a
             half
             of
             Phlegm
             ,
             and
             consequently
             about
             Four
             Ounces
             and
             a
             half
             of
             dry
             stuff
             .
             And
             then
             I
             shall
             add
             ,
             that
             having
             committed
             to
             Distillation
             in
             a
             Retort
             in
             a
             Sand
             Furnace
             seven
             Ounces
             of
             well
             dry'd
             (
             but
             not
             scorch'd
             )
             Blood
             ,
             we
             obtain'd
             about
             seven
             Drams
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             about
             an
             Eighth
             part
             of
             Spirit
             ,
             to
             which
             thô
             it
             were
             not
             rectified
             ,
             that
             Name
             may
             well
             enough
             be
             given
             ,
             because
             it
             was
             so
             very
             rich
             in
             Spirituous
             and
             Saline
             parts
             ,
             that
             it
             left
             in
             the
             Receiver
             ,
             and
             in
             the
             Vial
             I
             kept
             it
             in
             ,
             a
             good
             deal
             of
             Volatile
             Salt
             undissolv'd
             ,
             which
             a
             Phlegmatick
             Liquor
             would
             not
             have
             done
             .
             And
             if
             that
             be
             admitted
             for
             a
             truth
             ,
             that
             was
             above
             propos'd
             as
             a
             very
             likely
             Conjecture
             ;
             namely
             ,
             that
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             is
             but
             Salt
             and
             Phlegm
             united
             ,
             we
             may
             well
             suppose
             that
             Humane
             Blood
             yields
             a
             far
             greater
             proportion
             of
             Spirit
             than
             this
             ;
             since
             from
             the
             seven
             Ounces
             of
             dry'd
             Blood
             last
             
             mentioned
             ,
             we
             obtain'd
             about
             Five
             Drams
             of
             Volatile
             Salt
             ,
             which
             if
             we
             had
             by
             Distillations
             united
             with
             a
             fit
             quantity
             of
             Phlegm
             ,
             would
             probably
             have
             afforded
             us
             near
             Two
             Ounces
             more
             of
             a
             Liquor
             deserving
             the
             name
             of
             Spirit
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             VI.
             (
             Secondary
             )
             Title
             .
             
               Of
               the
               Consistence
               and
               Specifick
               Gravity
               of
               the
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood.
               
            
          
           
             TO
             the
             Consistence
             of
             the
             Spirit
             of
             
               Humane
               Blood
            
             ,
             taken
             in
             the
             more
             laxe
             sense
             of
             the
             word
             Consistence
             ,
             one
             may
             refer
             its
             
               Specifick
               Gravity
            
             ,
             (
             as
             that
             is
             usually
             proportionate
             to
             the
             Density
             of
             Bodies
             ,
             )
             the
             greater
             or
             lesser
             degree
             of
             Fluidity
             that
             belongs
             to
             the
             Liquor
             as
             a
             Mass
             ,
             and
             the
             greater
             or
             lesser
             Subtilty
             of
             the
             Minute
             Parts
             whereof
             it
             is
             compos'd
             ,
             
             or
             wherein
             it
             abounds
             .
          
           
             And
             as
             to
             the
             first
             of
             the
             Three
             Attributes
             ,
             we
             have
             noted
             to
             be
             referrable
             to
             the
             Consistence
             of
             our
             
               Spirit
               ;
               Gravity
            
             is
             a
             Quality
             that
             is
             so
             radicated
             ,
             if
             I
             may
             so
             speak
             ,
             in
             the
             nature
             of
             
               Visible
               Fluids
            
             or
             Liquors
             ,
             and
             does
             so
             obstinately
             accompany
             them
             ,
             that
             I
             durst
             not
             omit
             to
             examine
             the
             Specifick
             Gravity
             (
             that
             is
             ,
             the
             
               Gravity
               in
               proportion
               to
               the
               Bulk
            
             )
             of
             Spirit
             of
             
               Humane
               Blood
            
             ;
             though
             by
             reason
             of
             the
             small
             quantity
             I
             had
             of
             it
             ,
             I
             could
             not
             make
             use
             of
             the
             same
             Instruments
             ,
             that
             I
             was
             wont
             to
             employ
             in
             Hydrostatical
             Tryals
             ,
             where
             I
             was
             not
             so
             stinted
             in
             the
             Liquor
             to
             be
             examined
             .
             But
             however
             I
             made
             a
             shift
             to
             make
             a
             Tryal
             of
             this
             kind
             ,
             by
             which
             I
             found
             ,
             that
             a
             compact
             body
             weighing
             fifty
             eight
             Grains
             in
             the
             Air
             ,
             and
             in
             Water
             six
             Grains
             and
             three
             fourth
             parts
             weighed
             in
             Rectified
             
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
            
             ,
             but
             five
             Grains
             and
             one
             fourth
             part
             .
             And
             on
             this
             occasion
             I
             shall
             tell
             you
             ,
             
             what
             I
             presume
             ,
             you
             did
             not
             expect
             ,
             which
             is
             ,
             that
             notwithstanding
             the
             Volatility
             of
             our
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             I
             found
             that
             a
             pretty
             large
             piece
             of
             Amber
             being
             put
             into
             it
             ,
             did
             not
             ,
             as
             most
             men
             would
             confidently
             expect
             ,
             fall
             to
             the
             bottom
             of
             the
             Liquor
             ,
             but
             kept
             itself
             floating
             at
             the
             upper
             part
             of
             it
             ,
             and
             if
             plung'd
             into
             it
             would
             emerge
             .
          
           
             The
             next
             Quality
             we
             refer'd
             to
             the
             Consistence
             of
             our
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             is
             the
             Degree
             of
             its
             Fluidity
             ,
             or
             ,
             if
             you
             please
             ,
             it
             s
             greater
             or
             lesser
             
               Immunity
               from
               Tenaciousness
            
             or
             Viscosity
             ,
             which
             some
             
               Modern
               Philosophers
            
             (
             whose
             Opinion
             needs
             not
             here
             be
             discuss'd
             )
             think
             to
             belong
             to
             all
             Liquors
             as
             such
             .
             Now
             one
             may
             be
             the
             more
             inclin'd
             to
             expect
             a
             manifest
             Degree
             of
             Tenacity
             in
             the
             
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
            
             ,
             because
             among
             many
             Modern
             Chymists
             it
             passes
             for
             an
             Alcaly
             ;
             and
             we
             know
             that
             divers
             other
             
               Alcalisate
               Liquors
            
             ,
             as
             
               Oyl
               of
               Tartar
               per
               deliquium
               ,
               Fix'd
               Nitre
            
             resolv'd
             
             the
             same
             way
             ,
             
               Solution
               of
               Pot-ashes
            
             ,
             &c.
             are
             sensibly
             unctuous
             ,
             and
             but
             languidly
             Fluid
             .
             But
             yet
             I
             did
             not
             observe
             ,
             that
             some
             rectified
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             that
             I
             purposely
             try'd
             between
             my
             Fingers
             ,
             did
             feel
             more
             unctuous
             than
             
               Common
               Water
            
             .
             And
             whereas
             those
             that
             sell
             Brandy
             ,
             or
             
               Spirit
               of
               Wine
            
             ,
             are
             wont
             to
             shake
             it
             ,
             till
             it
             afford
             some
             Froth
             ,
             and
             then
             by
             the
             stay
             this
             makes
             on
             the
             Surface
             ,
             to
             judge
             of
             the
             
               Tenacity
               or
               Tenuity
            
             of
             the
             Liquor
             ,
             esteeming
             that
             to
             be
             the
             most
             Vnctuous
             ,
             whereon
             the
             Bubbles
             make
             the
             
               longest
               stay
            
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             finest
             on
             which
             they
             soonest
             disappear
             ;
             I
             thought
             fit
             by
             the
             same
             Method
             to
             examine
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             and
             found
             that
             the
             Froth
             would
             last
             very
             little
             on
             the
             Surface
             of
             it
             ,
             the
             bubbles
             breaking
             or
             vanishing
             ,
             almost
             (
             if
             not
             quite
             )
             as
             nimbly
             ,
             as
             if
             the
             Liquor
             had
             been
             good
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             .
             And
             I
             likewise
             observ'd
             ,
             that
             when
             I
             warily
             let
             fall
             some
             of
             our
             well
             rectify'd
             Spirit
             of
             
             Blood
             upon
             some
             other
             body
             ,
             it
             seemed
             to
             me
             ,
             that
             the
             single
             drops
             were
             manifestly
             smaller
             than
             those
             of
             Water
             ,
             and
             of
             several
             other
             Liquors
             ,
             would
             have
             been
             ,
             which
             will
             be
             much
             confirm'd
             by
             one
             passage
             of
             what
             I
             have
             to
             say
             about
             the
             third
             Quality
             referrable
             to
             the
             Consistence
             of
             the
             Spirit
             we
             treat
             of
             .
          
           
             Because
             it
             may
             be
             a
             thing
             of
             some
             Importance
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             Curiosity
             ,
             to
             know
             how
             subtil
             the
             
               active
               parts
            
             of
             
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
            
             are
             ,
             and
             how
             disposed
             and
             fitted
             to
             disperse
             or
             diffuse
             themselves
             through
             other
             Liquors
             of
             convenient
             Textures
             ;
             to
             make
             a
             visible
             discovery
             of
             this
             ,
             I
             bethought
             my self
             of
             a
             Method
             ,
             that
             having
             formerly
             devised
             for
             several
             purposes
             ,
             I
             thought
             fitly
             applicable
             to
             my
             present
             Design
             .
             For
             having
             looked
             upon
             it
             as
             a
             great
             defect
             ,
             that
             men
             have
             lazily
             contented
             themselves
             to
             say
             in
             general
             ,
             that
             such
             a
             Body
             is
             of
             subtile
             ,
             or
             of
             
               very
               subtile
            
             Parts
             ,
             without
             troubling
             themselves
             to
             find
             out
             any
             way
             
             of
             making
             more
             particular
             and
             less
             indeterminate
             Estimates
             of
             that
             subtilty
             ;
             I
             was
             invited
             to
             find
             out
             and
             practise
             a
             way
             that
             might
             on
             divers
             occasions
             somewhat
             supply
             that
             defect
             .
             But
             having
             delivered
             this
             easy
             method
             in
             another
             Paper
             ,
             I
             shall
             forbear
             to
             repeat
             a
             tedious
             account
             of
             it
             in
             this
             ;
             since
             it
             may
             here
             suffice
             to
             tell
             you
             in
             short
             ,
             what
             will
             perhaps
             surprize
             you
             ;
             namely
             ,
             That
             according
             to
             the
             forementioned
             way
             ,
             we
             so
             prepar'd
             Common
             Water
             by
             Infusions
             made
             in
             it
             without
             heat
             ,
             that
             by
             putting
             one
             single
             drop
             of
             our
             rectified
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             into
             ℥
             iv
             .
             +
             ℈
             iv
             .
             (
             which
             make
             2000
             grains
             )
             of
             the
             prepar'd
             Water
             ,
             and
             lightly
             shaking
             the
             Vial
             ,
             there
             appeared
             throughout
             the
             Liquor
             a
             manifest
             Colour
             ,
             whereof
             no
             degree
             at
             all
             was
             discernible
             in
             it
             just
             before
             .
             Which
             sufficiently
             argues
             a
             wonderful
             subtilty
             of
             Parts
             in
             the
             Spirit
             we
             employ'd
             ;
             since
             that
             a
             single
             drop
             of
             it
             could
             disperse
             its
             Corpuscles
             ,
             so
             as
             to
             diffuse
             it self
             
             through
             ,
             and
             mingle
             with
             two
             thousand
             times
             as
             much
             Water
             ,
             and
             yet
             retain
             so
             much
             Activity
             ,
             as
             to
             make
             their
             presence
             not
             only
             sensible
             ,
             but
             conspicuous
             ,
             by
             a
             manifest
             change
             of
             Colour
             they
             produc'd
             .
             I
             confess
             this
             computation
             is
             made
             ,
             upon
             supposition
             that
             a
             drop
             of
             Water
             weighs
             about
             a
             grain
             ,
             and
             that
             a
             drop
             of
             our
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             was
             of
             the
             same
             weight
             with
             a
             drop
             of
             Water
             .
          
           
             The
             former
             supposition
             is
             commonly
             made
             ;
             and
             though
             I
             have
             not
             found
             it
             to
             be
             exactly
             true
             ,
             but
             that
             a
             drop
             of
             Water
             weigh'd
             a
             Tantillum
             more
             than
             a
             Grain
             ;
             yet
             that
             difference
             is
             much
             more
             than
             recompens'd
             ,
             by
             that
             which
             we
             found
             between
             the
             weight
             of
             a
             drop
             of
             Water
             ,
             and
             the
             weight
             of
             one
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood.
             For
             having
             in
             a
             very
             good
             and
             carefully
             adjusted
             Ballance
             ,
             let
             fall
             ten
             drops
             of
             Common
             Water
             ,
             and
             as
             many
             of
             our
             Rectified
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             (
             as
             judging
             it
             a
             safer
             way
             to
             make
             
             an
             Estimate
             ,
             by
             comparing
             so
             many
             drops
             of
             each
             Liquor
             than
             one
             alone
             ;
             )
             we
             found
             ,
             as
             we
             might
             well
             expect
             ,
             that
             a
             drop
             of
             this
             last
             nam'd
             Liquor
             ,
             as
             it
             was
             manifestly
             lesser
             ,
             so
             it
             was
             far
             lighter
             ,
             than
             a
             drop
             of
             Water
             ,
             in
             so
             much
             ,
             that
             the
             whole
             ten
             drops
             did
             not
             amount
             to
             four
             Grains
             .
             So
             that
             we
             may
             safely
             judge
             the
             drop
             of
             Spirit
             to
             have
             manifestly
             diffused
             it self
             ,
             and
             acted
             upon
             above
             4000
             times
             so
             much
             Water
             in
             weight
             ,
             (
             and
             perhaps
             in
             bulk
             too
             )
             since
             indeed
             the
             proportion
             extended
             a
             good
             way
             towards
             that
             of
             one
             to
             5000
             ;
             and
             so
             may
             be
             said
             to
             be
             as
             that
             of
             one
             to
             between
             4000
             and
             5000
             ,
             which
             ,
             tho
             it
             may
             seem
             incredible
             to
             those
             that
             are
             unacquainted
             with
             the
             great
             subtilty
             of
             Nature
             and
             Art
             ,
             in
             the
             Comminutions
             they
             can
             make
             of
             Bodies
             ;
             yet
             I
             can
             by
             repeating
             the
             Experiment
             easily
             convince
             a
             doubter
             ,
             in
             less
             than
             a
             quarter
             of
             an
             hour
             .
             And
             this
             Subtilty
             of
             the
             Parts
             of
             Blood
             
             will
             appear
             yet
             greater
             ,
             if
             it
             be
             consider'd
             ,
             (
             what
             I
             think
             I
             can
             evince
             ,
             )
             that
             no
             contemptible
             part
             of
             the
             single
             drop
             I
             employ'd
             was
             Phlegm
             ,
             useless
             to
             the
             change
             produc'd
             ,
             the
             operation
             being
             due
             to
             the
             Energy
             of
             the
             Saline
             Spirits
             of
             the
             little
             drop
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             VII
             .
             (
             Secondary
             )
             Title
             .
             
               Of
               the
               Odour
               ,
               Taste
               ,
               Colour
               ,
               and
               Transparence
               of
               the
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood.
               
            
          
           
             THose
             Qualities
             ,
             that
             in
             my
             Opinion
             more
             generally
             than
             deservedly
             are
             call'd
             first
             ,
             do
             not
             any
             of
             them
             belong
             to
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             in
             such
             manner
             as
             to
             oblige
             me
             to
             say
             any
             thing
             of
             them
             in
             relation
             to
             it
             .
             And
             therefore
             I
             shall
             content
             my self
             to
             have
             made
             this
             transient
             mention
             of
             them
             ,
             to
             keep
             it
             
             from
             being
             thought
             ,
             that
             through
             forgetfulness
             I
             had
             overlook'd
             them
             .
             Yet
             something
             there
             is
             ,
             that
             may
             not
             inconveniently
             be
             refer'd
             to
             the
             heat
             or
             coldness
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ;
             in
             regard
             that
             Physicians
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             Philosophers
             ,
             distinguish
             these
             Qualities
             into
             Actual
             and
             Potential
             .
             For
             it
             seems
             ,
             that
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             is
             in
             reference
             to
             some
             Liquors
             potentially
             cold
             ,
             since
             it
             refrigerates
             them
             ,
             and
             in
             reference
             to
             some
             others
             potentially
             hot
             ,
             since
             being
             mingled
             with
             them
             ,
             the
             mixture
             becomes
             actually
             hot
             .
             Of
             this
             last
             I
             shall
             here
             set
             down
             the
             ensuing
             Instance
             .
          
           
             Into
             a
             slender
             Cylindrical
             Glass
             we
             put
             the
             lower
             part
             of
             an
             Hermetically
             Seal'd
             Thermoscope
             ,
             which
             in
             this
             Paper
             and
             elsewhere
             I
             usually
             call
             the
             gag'd
             one
             ,
             because
             it
             was
             adjusted
             according
             to
             the
             standard
             of
             such
             Instruments
             kept
             at
             Gresham
             Colledge
             .
             Into
             this
             Cylindrical
             Glass
             we
             pour'd
             as
             much
             moderately
             
             strong
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             as
             would
             cover
             the
             Ball
             of
             the
             Thermometer
             ,
             and
             then
             drop'd
             on
             that
             Liquor
             some
             good
             Spirit
             of
             Salt
             ,
             upon
             whose
             mingling
             with
             it
             there
             was
             produc'd
             a
             Conflict
             accompany'd
             with
             noise
             and
             bubbles
             ,
             and
             a
             heat
             ,
             which
             nimbly
             enough
             made
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             ascend
             above
             two
             inches
             and
             a
             half
             .
             This
             Experiment
             is
             therefore
             the
             more
             considerable
             ,
             because
             there
             are
             divers
             Volatile
             Alcalies
             that
             being
             confounded
             with
             Acid
             Spirits
             ,
             tho
             they
             seem
             to
             make
             a
             true
             Effervescence
             ,
             yet
             do
             really
             produce
             a
             notable
             degree
             of
             Coldness
             .
             And
             that
             which
             to
             me
             seem'd
             considerable
             on
             this
             occasion
             ,
             was
             ,
             that
             whereas
             I
             had
             several
             times
             found
             by
             Tryal
             ,
             that
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Verdegrease
             (
             which
             some
             call
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Venus
             )
             would
             with
             the
             Volatile
             Salt
             of
             Sal
             Armoniack
             ,
             or
             of
             Urine
             ,
             produce
             a
             seeming
             Effervescence
             ,
             but
             a
             real
             coldness
             ;
             this
             Spirit
             of
             Verdegrease
             it self
             ,
             being
             mix'd
             in
             the
             forementioned
             small
             Cylindrical
             
             Glass
             ,
             with
             but
             moderately
             strong
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             did
             not
             only
             produce
             a
             hissing
             noise
             and
             store
             of
             bubbles
             ,
             but
             an
             actual
             heat
             ,
             whereby
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             in
             the
             Thermoscope
             was
             made
             quickly
             to
             ascend
             above
             an
             inch
             and
             a
             half
             ,
             tho
             the
             Liquors
             employ'd
             amounted
             not
             both
             together
             to
             two
             spoonfuls
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             VIII
             .
             (
             Secundary
             )
             Title
             .
             
               Of
               the
               Dissolutive
               Power
               of
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood.
               
            
          
           
             IT
             will
             not
             only
             serve
             to
             manifest
             the
             Subtilty
             and
             Penetrancy
             of
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Human
             Blood
             ,
             but
             it
             may
             be
             also
             of
             some
             use
             to
             Physicians
             ,
             if
             it
             be
             made
             appear
             by
             Experiments
             ,
             that
             this
             Spirit
             is
             by
             itself
             not
             only
             a
             good
             Medicine
             for
             several
             diseases
             ,
             (
             as
             will
             be
             hereafter
             shewn
             ,
             )
             but
             may
             be
             also
             employ'd
             
             as
             a
             Menstruum
             ,
             to
             dissolve
             several
             Bodies
             ,
             and
             even
             some
             Metalline
             ones
             .
             And
             because
             these
             last
             mention'd
             are
             the
             most
             unlikely
             to
             be
             readily
             dissoluble
             ,
             by
             a
             substance
             belonging
             to
             the
             
               Animal
               Kingdom
            
             ,
             as
             Chymists
             speak
             ;
             I
             shall
             subjoyn
             two
             Tryals
             ,
             that
             I
             made
             to
             evince
             this
             Dissolutive
             Power
             of
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Blood.
             
          
           
             And
             first
             we
             took
             Crude
             Copper
             in
             Filings
             ,
             (
             which
             if
             they
             be
             very
             small
             ,
             are
             so
             much
             the
             fitter
             for
             our
             purpose
             )
             and
             having
             pour'd
             on
             them
             some
             highly
             rectify'd
             Spirit
             of
             Human
             Blood
             ,
             we
             shook
             them
             together
             ,
             and
             in
             about
             a
             quarter
             of
             an
             hour
             or
             less
             ,
             perceiv'd
             the
             Menstruum
             to
             begin
             to
             look
             a
             little
             Blewish
             ,
             which
             argu'd
             its
             operation
             to
             have
             already
             begun
             .
             And
             this
             colour
             grew
             higher
             and
             higher
             ,
             till
             after
             some
             hours
             the
             Menstruum
             had
             dissolved
             Copper
             enough
             to
             make
             it
             deeply
             Ceruleous
             .
             Some
             other
             ,
             and
             somewhat
             differing
             Tryals
             on
             the
             same
             Metal
             will
             be
             met
             with
             in
             their
             
             proper
             place
             .
             In
             the
             mean
             time
             I
             shall
             here
             take
             notice
             ,
             that
             in
             some
             Circumstances
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             has
             such
             an
             operation
             upon
             Copper
             ,
             whose
             quickness
             is
             surprising
             .
             For
             having
             made
             a
             coin'd
             piece
             of
             that
             Metal
             clean
             and
             bright
             (
             that
             no
             grease
             or
             foulness
             might
             hinder
             the
             effect
             of
             the
             Liquor
             ,
             )
             and
             put
             a
             drop
             or
             two
             of
             our
             Spirit
             upon
             it
             ,
             within
             about
             half
             a
             Minute
             of
             an
             Hour
             ,
             (
             observ'd
             by
             a
             watch
             that
             shew'd
             Seconds
             )
             the
             verge
             of
             the
             moistned
             part
             of
             the
             Surface
             appear'd
             blewish
             ,
             and
             almost
             presently
             after
             ,
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             wetted
             part
             acquir'd
             a
             fine
             Azure
             Colour
             .
          
           
             We
             also
             took
             filings
             of
             Zink
             ,
             or
             (
             as
             in
             the
             shops
             they
             call
             it
             )
             Spelter
             ,
             and
             having
             pour'd
             on
             them
             very
             well
             rectified
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             we
             observ'd
             ,
             that
             even
             in
             the
             cold
             it
             quickly
             began
             to
             work
             manifestly
             ,
             thô
             not
             vigorously
             .
             But
             being
             assisted
             with
             a
             little
             heat
             ,
             it
             dissolv'd
             the
             Zink
             briskly
             ,
             and
             not
             without
             producing
             
             store
             of
             bubbles
             ,
             being
             also
             a
             little
             discolour'd
             by
             the
             operation
             of
             this
             Experiment
             ,
             some
             use
             is
             made
             in
             another
             place
             ,
             and
             therefore
             need
             not
             be
             deliver'd
             in
             this
             .
          
           
             On
             this
             occasion
             I
             shall
             add
             ,
             that
             for
             curiosities
             sake
             I
             took
             a
             piece
             of
             Coagulated
             Blood
             ,
             but
             not
             dry'd
             ,
             somewhat
             bigger
             than
             a
             large
             Pea
             ,
             having
             a
             care
             to
             take
             it
             from
             the
             lower
             part
             of
             the
             lump
             of
             Blood
             ,
             that
             it
             might
             be
             black
             ,
             the
             superficial
             part
             of
             Fibrous
             Blood
             that
             lies
             next
             the
             Air
             ,
             being
             usually
             Red.
             This
             clot
             of
             Blood
             we
             put
             into
             a
             slender
             Vial
             of
             clear
             Glass
             ,
             that
             the
             colour
             might
             be
             the
             better
             discern'd
             ,
             and
             then
             pour'd
             on
             it
             a
             little
             Rectified
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             and
             shook
             the
             Glass
             alittle
             ;
             whereupon
             in
             a
             trice
             the
             colour
             of
             (
             at
             least
             )
             the
             Superficial
             part
             of
             the
             Blood
             ,
             was
             ,
             as
             I
             had
             conjectur'd
             ,
             manifestly
             chang'd
             ,
             the
             blackness
             quite
             disappearing
             ,
             and
             being
             succeeded
             by
             a
             
             very
             florid
             colour
             like
             that
             of
             fine
             Scarlet
             .
             The
             Liquor
             also
             was
             ting'd
             ,
             but
             not
             with
             near
             so
             deep
             or
             so
             fair
             a
             Red
             ,
             and
             by
             the
             little
             bubbles
             that
             from
             time
             to
             time
             past
             out
             of
             the
             Clod
             into
             it
             ,
             it
             seem'd
             to
             work
             somewhat
             like
             a
             Menstruum
             .
             And
             yet
             soon
             after
             coming
             to
             look
             upon
             this
             lump
             of
             Blood
             again
             ,
             I
             found
             it
             to
             have
             much
             degenerated
             from
             its
             former
             colour
             ,
             to
             one
             less
             fair
             and
             more
             dark
             .
          
           
             We
             took
             also
             another
             Clot
             of
             Blood
             like
             the
             former
             ,
             save
             that
             one
             part
             of
             it
             which
             had
             lain
             next
             the
             Air
             ,
             was
             not
             black
             ;
             and
             having
             in
             a
             Vial
             like
             the
             former
             pour'd
             on
             it
             some
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             taken
             out
             of
             the
             same
             Vial
             whence
             I
             took
             the
             first
             parcel
             ,
             the
             Reddish
             colour
             seem'd
             presently
             to
             be
             much
             improv'd
             ,
             and
             made
             more
             fair
             ,
             and
             like
             true
             Scarlet
             .
             But
             the
             black
             was
             not
             so
             alter'd
             ,
             as
             to
             be
             depriv'd
             of
             its
             blackness
             ,
             but
             retain'd
             a
             dark
             and
             dirty
             colour
             .
             So
             that
             this
             second
             Experiment
             
             requires
             a
             further
             Tryal
             ,
             when
             there
             shall
             be
             conveniency
             to
             make
             it
             ,
             and
             it
             will
             the
             rather
             deserve
             one
             ,
             because
             what
             has
             been
             already
             recited
             of
             the
             Operation
             of
             the
             Spirit
             upon
             the
             two
             parcels
             of
             Blood
             ,
             may
             suggest
             uncommon
             Reflections
             to
             Speculative
             Wits
             .
          
           
             And
             here
             on
             this
             occasion
             it
             will
             be
             proper
             to
             relate
             to
             you
             ,
             that
             having
             a
             confus'd
             remembrance
             ,
             that
             I
             had
             a
             great
             while
             before
             put
             up
             some
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             with
             a
             certain
             quantity
             of
             Volatile
             Spirit
             ,
             to
             keep
             it
             fluid
             and
             preserve
             it
             ,
             without
             distinctly
             remembring
             what
             Volatile
             Alcaly
             I
             had
             employ'd
             ;
             I
             found
             among
             other
             Glasses
             that
             had
             been
             laid
             aside
             ,
             one
             Bolt-head
             with
             a
             long
             Neck
             ,
             to
             which
             was
             ty'd
             a
             Label
             ,
             importing
             that
             at
             such
             a
             time
             twelve
             Drams
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             were
             put
             up
             with
             two
             Drams
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood.
             By
             the
             date
             of
             this
             Paper
             it
             appear'd
             ,
             that
             this
             Blood
             had
             been
             preserv'd
             much
             above
             a
             
             whole
             twelve
             Month
             ;
             and
             yet
             it
             appear'd
             through
             the
             Glass
             of
             a
             fine
             Florid
             Colour
             ,
             and
             seem'd
             to
             be
             little
             less
             than
             totally
             Fluid
             .
             And
             indeed
             when
             we
             came
             to
             open
             the
             Vessel
             ,
             which
             was
             carefully
             stopt
             with
             a
             good
             Cork
             ,
             and
             hard
             Sealing
             Wax
             ,
             we
             found
             no
             ill
             scent
             or
             other
             sign
             of
             Putrefaction
             in
             the
             Mixture
             ,
             and
             but
             a
             very
             small
             Portion
             of
             Blood
             lightly
             clotted
             at
             the
             bottom
             ;
             the
             rest
             passing
             readily
             through
             a
             Rag.
             So
             that
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             seems
             to
             have
             a
             great
             embalming
             Vertue
             ;
             since
             't
             was
             able
             so
             long
             and
             well
             to
             preserve
             six
             times
             its
             weight
             ,
             of
             a
             Body
             so
             apt
             to
             Concrete
             and
             Putrefie
             ,
             as
             Humane
             Blood
             is
             known
             to
             be
             ,
             and
             probably
             would
             have
             preserv'd
             it
             much
             longer
             ,
             if
             we
             had
             thought
             fit
             to
             prosecute
             the
             Experiment
             .
             To
             this
             account
             of
             our
             Trial
             I
             know
             not
             whether
             it
             will
             be
             worth
             while
             to
             add
             ,
             that
             having
             broken
             it
             off
             ,
             that
             we
             might
             distill
             the
             above
             mentioned
             Mixture
             with
             a
             
             very
             gentle
             heat
             ,
             the
             first
             Liquor
             that
             ascended
             was
             not
             a
             Spirit
             ,
             but
             a
             kind
             of
             Phlegm
             ,
             thô
             afterwards
             there
             came
             up
             ,
             besides
             a
             Spirituous
             Liquor
             ,
             a
             Volatile
             Salt
             in
             a
             dry
             form
             .
          
           
             On
             this
             occasion
             I
             shall
             subjoyn
             the
             following
             Tryal
             ,
             long
             since
             made
             with
             a
             Spirit
             ,
             that
             I
             supposed
             to
             have
             been
             weaker
             than
             that
             ,
             with
             which
             the
             lately
             mentioned
             Experiments
             were
             made
             .
          
           
             In
             order
             to
             a
             design
             that
             need
             not
             here
             be
             mentioned
             ,
             I
             caus'd
             some
             Filings
             of
             Mars
             to
             be
             purposely
             made
             ,
             that
             being
             presently
             employ'd
             they
             might
             not
             contract
             any
             Rust
             ,
             whereby
             the
             operation
             of
             our
             Liquor
             might
             be
             made
             doubtful
             .
             On
             these
             we
             poured
             some
             of
             our
             Spirit
             ,
             and
             having
             kept
             them
             together
             a
             while
             in
             Digestion
             ,
             we
             found
             as
             we
             expected
             ,
             that
             the
             Liquor
             had
             wrought
             on
             the
             Metal
             ,
             and
             produc'd
             a
             considerable
             quantity
             of
             a
             light
             substance
             ,
             in
             colour
             almost
             like
             Crocus
             ,
             
             but
             something
             paler
             .
             And
             we
             also
             found
             more
             than
             we
             expected
             ;
             for
             there
             appeared
             in
             the
             Liquor
             good
             store
             of
             thin
             Plates
             ,
             like
             a
             kind
             of
             
               Terra
               Foliata
            
             ,
             (
             as
             the
             Chymists
             speak
             )
             which
             after
             a
             very
             slight
             agitation
             ,
             being
             held
             against
             the
             Sunbeams
             ,
             exhibited
             the
             Colours
             of
             the
             Rain-bow
             in
             so
             vivid
             a
             manner
             ,
             as
             did
             not
             a
             little
             delight
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             surprize
             the
             Spectators
             ,
             but
             I
             did
             not
             perceive
             that
             the
             tast
             of
             the
             Liquor
             was
             considerably
             Martial
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             The
             IX
             .
             (
             Secondary
             )
             Title
             .
             
               Of
               the
               Tinctures
               that
               may
               be
               drawn
               with
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood.
               
            
          
           
             MOst
             of
             those
             Extractions
             the
             Chymists
             call
             Tinctures
             ,
             being
             ,
             as
             I
             have
             elsewhere
             shewn
             ,
             partial
             Solutions
             of
             the
             Bodies
             from
             which
             they
             are
             obtain'd
             ,
             't
             will
             I
             presume
             be
             easily
             granted
             ,
             that
             since
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             is
             able
             (
             as
             in
             the
             foregoing
             Title
             it
             has
             appear'd
             to
             be
             )
             to
             dissolve
             Copper
             and
             Zink
             ,
             that
             are
             Solid
             and
             Metalline
             Bodies
             ,
             't
             will
             be
             able
             to
             extract
             Tinctures
             out
             of
             divers
             others
             .
             But
             ,
             that
             this
             power
             of
             our
             Menstruum
             may
             be
             rather
             prov'd
             than
             supposed
             ,
             it
             will
             not
             be
             amiss
             to
             add
             a
             few
             Instances
             of
             it
             .
          
           
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             being
             put
             upon
             English
             Saffron
             ,
             did
             soon
             acquire
             upon
             it
             a
             fine
             Yellow
             Colour
             .
          
           
           
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             being
             put
             upon
             Powder'd
             Curcuma
             ,
             or
             ,
             as
             Tradesmen
             are
             wont
             to
             call
             it
             ,
             Turmerick
             ,
             did
             in
             the
             cold
             Extract
             from
             it
             a
             lovely
             Tincture
             ,
             like
             a
             rich
             solution
             of
             Gold
             ;
             which
             probably
             (
             to
             intimate
             that
             upon
             the
             by
             )
             may
             prove
             a
             good
             de-obstruent
             Medicine
             ,
             particularly
             in
             the
             Jaundise
             ;
             in
             which
             disease
             Turmerick
             that
             is
             taken
             to
             be
             a
             kind
             of
             
               East
               Indian
               Saffron
            
             ,
             is
             upon
             experience
             commended
             ,
             and
             in
             this
             our
             Tincture
             is
             united
             with
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             which
             is
             very
             near
             of
             kin
             to
             Spirit
             of
             Urine
             ,
             and
             probably
             at
             least
             as
             efficacious
             ;
             with
             which
             Liquor
             ,
             when
             well
             rectify'd
             ,
             I
             have
             had
             more
             than
             ordinary
             success
             in
             the
             Jaundise
             .
          
           
             To
             make
             some
             Trial
             of
             the
             Extracting
             Power
             of
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             upon
             substances
             that
             have
             belong'd
             to
             Animals
             ,
             I
             thought
             it
             might
             particularly
             conduce
             to
             some
             Medical
             purposes
             ,
             to
             try
             what
             it
             would
             do
             upon
             the
             solid
             part
             of
             Humane
             
             Blood
             it self
             slowly
             dry'd
             ,
             so
             as
             not
             to
             be
             burn'd
             ,
             but
             only
             to
             be
             reducible
             with
             some
             pains
             to
             fine
             Powder
             .
             Accordingly
             upon
             this
             well
             sifted
             Powder
             of
             Blood
             ,
             we
             put
             some
             moderately
             strong
             Spirit
             of
             the
             same
             subject
             ,
             on
             which
             the
             Liquor
             began
             very
             soon
             to
             colour
             it self
             ,
             even
             in
             the
             cold
             ;
             and
             within
             no
             long
             time
             after
             ,
             it
             appear'd
             as
             Red
             as
             ordinary
             French
             Claret
             Wine
             .
             This
             Extraction
             made
             me
             suspect
             ,
             that
             the
             Phlegm
             that
             was
             not
             carefully
             separated
             from
             the
             Spirit
             I
             then
             employ'd
             ,
             might
             hasten
             the
             coloration
             of
             the
             Menstruum
             .
             For
             which
             reason
             I
             put
             upon
             another
             Portion
             of
             the
             same
             Powder
             some
             rectify'd
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             so
             well
             deflegmed
             that
             it
             would
             not
             dissolve
             a
             grain
             of
             the
             Volatile
             Salt
             of
             Blood
             :
             And
             I
             found
             indeed
             ,
             as
             I
             suspected
             ,
             that
             this
             Menstruum
             did
             not
             any
             thing
             near
             so
             soon
             draw
             a
             Tincture
             ,
             as
             the
             other
             had
             done
             ;
             for
             after
             divers
             hours
             the
             colour
             it
             had
             obtain'd
             was
             but
             brown
             ,
             
             but
             after
             some
             hours
             longer
             the
             colour
             appear'd
             to
             be
             heightned
             into
             Redness
             ,
             but
             yet
             manifestly
             inferiour
             to
             that
             of
             the
             somewhat
             Phlegmatick
             Spirit
             above
             mentioned
             ,
             whereto
             it
             did
             yet
             in
             a
             longer
             time
             grow
             almost
             equal
             .
             By
             this
             means
             we
             may
             not
             only
             disguise
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             but
             impregnate
             it
             with
             the
             finer
             parts
             of
             the
             unanalys'd
             solid
             Body
             ,
             which
             may
             possibly
             make
             the
             Spirit
             a
             Remedy
             more
             proper
             for
             some
             Diseases
             or
             Constitutions
             :
             and
             this
             Medicine
             I
             sometimes
             call
             the
             entire
             Tincture
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             because
             it
             consists
             of
             nothing
             else
             but
             such
             Blood.
             
          
           
             To
             shew
             at
             length
             that
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             may
             extract
             Tinctures
             out
             of
             some
             of
             the
             hardest
             Bodies
             ,
             I
             made
             the
             following
             Experiment
             .
          
           
             We
             took
             some
             choice
             Filings
             of
             Steel
             (
             for
             such
             are
             those
             that
             are
             saved
             by
             the
             Needlemakers
             )
             and
             having
             put
             them
             into
             a
             small
             Egg
             ,
             we
             
             pour'd
             on
             them
             some
             highly
             rectify'd
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             and
             kept
             them
             all
             Night
             in
             digestion
             in
             a
             moderate
             heat
             .
             The
             next
             day
             (
             but
             not
             early
             )
             we
             found
             the
             Menstruum
             turn'd
             of
             a
             Brownish
             Red
             colour
             ,
             that
             was
             deep
             enough
             .
             And
             some
             of
             the
             Filings
             that
             chanc'd
             to
             stick
             to
             the
             sides
             of
             the
             Glass
             ,
             but
             were
             higher
             than
             the
             Liquor
             could
             reach
             in
             its
             gross
             body
             ,
             seem'd
             to
             have
             been
             ,
             either
             by
             Exhalations
             from
             the
             Menstruum
             ,
             or
             perhaps
             by
             the
             Transient
             Contact
             of
             it
             ,
             as
             it
             was
             pouring
             in
             ,
             turn'd
             into
             a
             kind
             of
             Yellow
             
               Crocus
               Martis
            
             .
             I
             must
             not
             here
             forget
             ,
             that
             having
             kept
             the
             Menstruum
             and
             the
             Filings
             together
             in
             the
             forementioned
             Egg
             for
             some
             days
             longer
             ,
             the
             colour
             was
             grown
             opacous
             ,
             and
             appear'd
             to
             be
             black
             ,
             when
             it
             was
             look'd
             on
             in
             any
             considerable
             bulk
             ,
             this
             last
             expression
             I
             employ
             ,
             because
             it
             had
             another
             appearance
             ,
             when
             it
             was
             somewhat
             thinly
             spread
             upon
             White
             Paper
             .
          
           
           
             Perhaps
             it
             may
             be
             a
             Remark
             not
             altogether
             useless
             to
             Physicians
             ,
             among
             many
             of
             whom
             Chaly
             beate
             Remedies
             are
             in
             very
             great
             request
             ,
             if
             I
             add
             ,
             that
             for
             reasons
             not
             needful
             to
             be
             mentioned
             here
             ,
             having
             a
             suspicion
             that
             our
             Spirit
             would
             work
             upon
             Steel
             ,
             in
             another
             manner
             than
             the
             Acid
             Solvents
             wont
             to
             be
             used
             by
             Chymists
             and
             Physicians
             ,
             we
             pour'd
             some
             of
             our
             Tincture
             drawn
             from
             Filings
             of
             Steel
             ,
             upon
             a
             freshly
             drawn
             Tincture
             of
             Galls
             (
             infus'd
             in
             Common
             Water
             ,
             )
             and
             did
             not
             find
             that
             this
             Liquor
             would
             with
             the
             Infusion
             make
             any
             Inky
             mixture
             ,
             nor
             that
             the
             Precipitate
             that
             was
             quickly
             produc'd
             ,
             was
             of
             a
             black
             ,
             much
             less
             of
             a
             true
             Inky
             colour
             :
             Though
             I
             have
             found
             means
             to
             produce
             in
             a
             trice
             a
             black
             mixture
             ,
             with
             other
             Martial
             Solutions
             and
             Tinctures
             ,
             which
             for
             curiosities
             sake
             I
             sometimes
             made
             Green
             ,
             sometimes
             Red
             ,
             sometimes
             Yellow
             ,
             and
             sometimes
             ,
             if
             I
             mistake
             not
             ,
             of
             neither
             of
             those
             colours
             .
          
           
           
             I
             have
             been
             the
             more
             express
             in
             setting
             down
             the
             Particulars
             above
             delivered
             ,
             because
             I
             hope
             they
             may
             be
             somewhat
             helpful
             to
             Rectify
             the
             Judgment
             of
             divers
             very
             ingenious
             modern
             Physicians
             ,
             especially
             among
             the
             Cultivaters
             of
             Chymistry
             ,
             who
             build
             much
             upon
             a
             supposition
             ,
             which
             though
             I
             deny
             not
             to
             be
             specious
             ,
             I
             doubt
             is
             not
             solid
             ,
             and
             I
             fear
             may
             be
             of
             ill
             consequence
             .
             For
             by
             the
             above
             recited
             Tryals
             it
             may
             appear
             ,
             that
             't
             is
             unsafe
             either
             to
             suppose
             ,
             that
             if
             Chalybeates
             be
             dissolv'd
             in
             the
             body
             ,
             it
             must
             be
             by
             some
             Acid
             Juice
             ;
             or
             to
             conclude
             ,
             that
             if
             Steel
             be
             dissolv'd
             by
             the
             Liquors
             of
             the
             Body
             ,
             it
             must
             be
             
               ex
               praedominio
            
             ,
             (
             as
             they
             speak
             )
             Alcalisate
             ;
             since
             a
             Liquor
             that
             exercises
             a
             great
             Hostility
             against
             Acids
             ,
             dissolves
             it
             ;
             and
             by
             parity
             of
             reason
             one
             may
             probably
             infer
             the
             quite
             contrary
             of
             what
             they
             suppose
             ;
             in
             regard
             that
             Steel
             in
             our
             Experiment
             was
             (
             partially
             at
             least
             )
             dissolv'd
             by
             what
             they
             
             call
             an
             Alcaly
             ;
             and
             consequently
             ought
             to
             be
             
               ex
               praedominio
            
             ,
             of
             an
             Acid
             nature
             .
             But
             of
             this
             Hypothesis
             we
             elsewhere
             purposely
             discourse
             ,
             and
             therefore
             shall
             here
             add
             nothing
             concerning
             it
             ,
             but
             leave
             it
             to
             be
             consider'd
             ,
             whether
             it
             would
             not
             be
             requisite
             to
             seek
             out
             some
             other
             way
             ,
             than
             Physicians
             have
             hitherto
             pitch'd
             on
             ,
             to
             explicate
             the
             manner
             of
             operation
             of
             Chalybeate
             Medicines
             in
             the
             Humane
             Body
             ;
             and
             whether
             some
             use
             may
             not
             be
             made
             in
             Medicine
             ,
             of
             Martial
             Remedies
             prepar'd
             by
             Volatile
             Alcalies
             ,
             instead
             of
             Acids
             .
          
           
             I
             put
             some
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             upon
             powder'd
             Amber
             ,
             sifted
             through
             a
             fine
             Sieve
             ,
             and
             kept
             it
             in
             Digestion
             for
             some
             days
             ,
             giving
             it
             a
             pretty
             degree
             of
             heat
             ;
             but
             we
             obtain'd
             not
             hereby
             any
             Tincture
             at
             all
             considerable
             ;
             whether
             it
             was
             ,
             that
             the
             Spirit
             was
             not
             yet
             highly
             enough
             rectify'd
             ,
             or
             that
             the
             Amber
             (
             which
             was
             of
             a
             finer
             sort
             of
             white
             Amber
             )
             
             was
             not
             so
             proper
             to
             yield
             its
             Tincture
             ,
             as
             I
             have
             several
             times
             found
             courser
             ,
             but
             deeper
             colour'd
             Amber
             to
             be
             .
          
           
             To
             this
             (
             IX
             .
             )
             Title
             may
             be
             refer'd
             the
             event
             that
             followed
             ,
             upon
             our
             having
             put
             some
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             upon
             that
             sort
             of
             Gum-Laccae
             ,
             that
             comes
             out
             of
             the
             
               East
               Indies
            
             in
             Grains
             ,
             and
             (
             for
             that
             reason
             )
             is
             commonly
             call'd
             Seed-Lac
             .
             For
             the
             Spirit
             we
             put
             upon
             this
             ,
             tho
             this
             be
             a
             resinous
             Gum
             ,
             and
             of
             no
             easy
             Solution
             ,
             soon
             became
             tincted
             ;
             which
             I
             expected
             it
             should
             ,
             because
             I
             conjectur'd
             that
             the
             Redness
             wont
             to
             appear
             in
             many
             of
             the
             Seed-like
             Grains
             ,
             is
             but
             superficial
             ,
             and
             proceeds
             from
             some
             adhering
             Blood
             of
             the
             little
             (
             winged
             )
             Insects
             ,
             that
             by
             their
             bitings
             occasion
             the
             production
             of
             this
             Gum
             ,
             upon
             the
             Twigs
             of
             the
             Tree
             where
             the
             Lac
             is
             found
             ;
             on
             which
             Twigs
             I
             have
             more
             than
             once
             seen
             store
             of
             these
             Gummous
             Grains
             .
             So
             that
             the
             Tincture
             seems
             not
             to
             
             be
             drawn
             from
             the
             Lac
             it self
             ,
             but
             rather
             to
             be
             afforded
             by
             the
             Blood
             of
             these
             little
             Animals
             ,
             which
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             that
             will
             draw
             Tinctures
             from
             dry'd
             Mans
             Blood
             ,
             dissolves
             ;
             and
             this
             Tincture
             may
             probably
             be
             a
             good
             Medicine
             ,
             since
             most
             of
             the
             Insects
             us'd
             in
             Physick
             ,
             as
             Millepedes
             ,
             Lice
             ,
             Bees
             ,
             Aunts
             ,
             &c.
             
             Even
             in
             our
             colder
             Climates
             ,
             afford
             Medicines
             of
             very
             subtle
             and
             pierceing
             parts
             ,
             and
             of
             considerable
             efficacy
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             The
             X.
             (
             Secondary
             )
             Title
             .
             
               Of
               the
               coagulating
               Power
               of
               the
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood.
               
            
          
           
             THough
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             have
             such
             a
             dissolving
             power
             as
             we
             have
             mention'd
             ,
             in
             reference
             to
             some
             Bodies
             ,
             yet
             upon
             some
             others
             it
             seems
             to
             have
             a
             quite
             contrary
             Operation
             .
             I
             say
             seems
             ,
             because
             it
             may
             be
             question'd
             ,
             (
             and
             I
             am
             not
             now
             minded
             to
             dispute
             it
             )
             whether
             the
             effect
             I
             am
             going
             to
             speak
             of
             be
             a
             Coagulation
             ,
             properly
             so
             call'd
             ,
             that
             one
             Body
             makes
             of
             another
             or
             a
             Coalition
             of
             Particles
             fitted
             ,
             when
             they
             chance
             to
             meet
             one
             another
             ,
             (
             in
             a
             convenient
             manner
             ,
             )
             to
             stick
             together
             .
             But
             whatever
             name
             ought
             to
             be
             properly
             given
             to
             the
             thing
             I
             am
             about
             to
             speak
             of
             ,
             I
             have
             found
             by
             Tryal
             purposely
             made
             ,
             that
             
             the
             highly
             rectifyed
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             being
             well
             mingled
             by
             shaking
             with
             a
             convenient
             quantity
             ,
             (
             which
             should
             be
             at
             least
             equal
             )
             of
             Vinous
             Spirits
             that
             will
             burn
             all
             away
             ,
             (
             for
             if
             either
             of
             the
             Liquors
             be
             Phlegmatick
             ,
             the
             Experiment
             succeeds
             either
             not
             at
             all
             ,
             or
             not
             so
             well
             )
             there
             will
             presently
             ensue
             a
             Coagulation
             or
             concretion
             ,
             either
             of
             the
             whole
             Mixture
             ,
             or
             a
             great
             portion
             of
             it
             ,
             into
             Corpuscles
             of
             a
             Saline
             form
             ,
             that
             cohering
             loosly
             together
             ,
             make
             up
             a
             Mass
             that
             has
             consistence
             enough
             not
             to
             be
             fluid
             ,
             though
             it
             be
             very
             soft
             :
             and
             in
             this
             form
             it
             may
             remain
             as
             far
             as
             I
             have
             yet
             tryed
             ,
             for
             a
             good
             while
             ,
             perhaps
             several
             weeks
             ,
             or
             months
             at
             least
             ,
             if
             it
             be
             kept
             in
             a
             cool
             place
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             The
             XI
             .
             (
             Secondary
             )
             Title
             .
             
               Of
               the
               Precipitating
               Power
               of
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood.
               
            
          
           
             OF
             the
             Precipitating
             Power
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             I
             have
             yet
             observ'd
             nothing
             that
             is
             peculiar
             ,
             and
             therefore
             it
             may
             suffice
             to
             say
             in
             general
             ,
             that
             ,
             as
             far
             as
             I
             have
             had
             occasion
             to
             try
             ,
             it
             has
             in
             common
             with
             those
             other
             Volatile
             Spirits
             ,
             which
             I
             elsewhere
             call
             Vrinous
             ,
             a
             Power
             of
             Precipitating
             most
             Bodies
             that
             are
             dissolv'd
             in
             Acid
             Menstruums
             I
             say
             most
             ,
             because
             (
             as
             I
             have
             elsewhere
             more
             fully
             shewn
             )
             it
             is
             an
             Error
             ,
             though
             a
             vulgar
             one
             ,
             to
             suppose
             (
             as
             Chymists
             and
             Physicians
             are
             wont
             to
             do
             )
             that
             whatever
             is
             dissolv'd
             by
             an
             Acid
             will
             be
             Precipitated
             by
             an
             Alcali
             as
             such
             ,
             whether
             Fixt
             or
             Volatile
             ,
             which
             latter
             sort
             they
             take
             
             the
             spirits
             of
             Urine
             ,
             Blood
             ,
             &c.
             to
             be
             of
             .
             For
             there
             is
             no
             Necessity
             this
             Rule
             should
             hold
             ,
             when
             the
             Body
             is
             of
             such
             a
             nature
             ,
             that
             it
             may
             be
             dissolv'd
             as
             well
             by
             an
             Alcaly
             as
             by
             an
             Acid.
             And
             though
             ,
             the
             Hypothesis
             of
             Alcali
             and
             Acidum
             allowed
             them
             not
             to
             think
             there
             were
             any
             such
             Bodies
             ,
             yet
             I
             have
             in
             another
             Paper
             Experimentally
             evinc'd
             ,
             that
             there
             are
             so
             .
             And
             it
             may
             be
             prov'd
             without
             going
             very
             far
             ,
             since
             we
             lately
             observ'd
             a
             that
             good
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             Would
             in
             the
             cold
             dissolve
             both
             Copper
             &
             Zink
             ,
             which
             are
             Bodies
             that
             will
             each
             of
             them
             be
             readily
             dissolv'd
             by
             
               Aqua
               fortis
            
             ,
             and
             some
             other
             
               Acid
               Menstruums
            
             .
          
           
             Bating
             such
             Bodies
             as
             those
             I
             have
             been
             speaking
             of
             ,
             I
             have
             not
             found
             but
             that
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             Precipitates
             other
             Bodies
             dissolv'd
             in
             Acid
             Menstruums
             ,
             much
             after
             the
             
             same
             manner
             that
             Spirit
             of
             Urine
             and
             other
             such
             Volatile
             Alcalies
             are
             wont
             to
             do
             .
             Of
             this
             ,
             among
             other
             Instances
             ,
             I
             remember
             that
             I
             made
             Tryal
             upon
             Red-lead
             or
             Minium
             dissolv'd
             in
             the
             Acid
             Salt
             of
             Vinegar
             ,
             Silver
             in
             
               Aqua
               fortis
            
             ,
             Gold
             in
             
               Aqua
               Regia
            
             ,
             and
             Tin
             dissolv'd
             in
             an
             appropriated
             Menstruum
             .
             I
             also
             with
             our
             Spirit
             Precipitated
             the
             Solutions
             of
             divers
             other
             Bodies
             ,
             which
             need
             not
             here
             be
             nam'd
             .
             But
             in
             regard
             of
             the
             great
             and
             frequent
             use
             that
             men
             make
             of
             Sea
             Salt
             ,
             in
             preserving
             and
             seasoning
             what
             they
             eat
             ,
             it
             may
             not
             be
             amiss
             particularly
             to
             mention
             that
             out
             of
             a
             solution
             of
             common
             Salt
             made
             in
             common
             Water
             ,
             we
             could
             readily
             Precipitate
             with
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             a
             substance
             that
             looked
             like
             a
             White
             Earth
             ;
             and
             such
             a
             substance
             I
             obtain'd
             in
             far
             greater
             quantity
             ,
             from
             that
             which
             the
             Salt-makers
             call
             Bittern
             ,
             which
             usually
             remains
             in
             their
             Salt
             pans
             after
             they
             have
             taken
             out
             as
             much
             ,
             or
             near
             as
             
             much
             Salt
             ,
             as
             would
             Coagulate
             in
             figured
             grains
             .
          
           
             The
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             does
             also
             make
             a
             Precipitation
             of
             Dantsick
             Vitriol
             dissolv'd
             in
             Water
             ,
             but
             not
             ,
             that
             I
             have
             observ'd
             ,
             a
             total
             one
             ,
             which
             you
             need
             not
             wonder
             at
             ,
             because
             it
             will
             dissolve
             Copper
             ,
             which
             is
             one
             of
             the
             Ingredients
             of
             Blew
             Vitriol
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             XII
             .
             (
             secondary
             )
             Title
             .
             
               Of
               the
               Affinity
               between
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               and
               some
               Chymical
               Oyls
               and
               Vinous
               Spirits
               .
            
          
           
             THough
             in
             another
             Paper
             a
             I
             declare
             my self
             ,
             for
             Reasons
             there
             express'd
             ,
             dissatisfy'd
             with
             the
             Vulgar
             Notions
             of
             
               Sympathy
               ,
               Antipathy
               ,
               Friendship
               ,
               Affinity
               ,
               Hostility
               ,
               &c.
            
             that
             are
             presum'd
             
             to
             be
             found
             among
             Inanimate
             Bodies
             ,
             yet
             in
             this
             place
             nothing
             forbids
             to
             employ
             the
             Terms
             
               Affinity
               Cognation
            
             ,
             and
             Hostility
             ,
             in
             the
             laxe
             and
             popular
             sense
             ,
             wherein
             they
             are
             us'd
             not
             only
             by
             the
             Vulgar
             ,
             but
             by
             School
             Philosophers
             and
             Chymists
             .
          
           
             It
             seems
             then
             ,
             according
             to
             this
             acception
             of
             the
             Word
             Affinity
             ,
             that
             there
             is
             such
             a
             thing
             between
             Rectifyed
             
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
            
             ,
             and
             pure
             
               Spirit
               of
               Wine
            
             ;
             since
             we
             have
             formerly
             (
             under
             the
             Tenth
             Title
             )
             observ'd
             ,
             that
             being
             put
             together
             they
             will
             readily
             Concoagulate
             ,
             and
             continue
             united
             a
             long
             time
             .
             It
             is
             very
             probable
             ,
             that
             the
             like
             Association
             may
             be
             also
             made
             with
             other
             
               Ardent
               Spirits
            
             prepar'd
             by
             Fermentation
             .
          
           
             We
             have
             likewise
             formerly
             noted
             ,
             that
             our
             Spirit
             will
             make
             a
             Solution
             of
             the
             
               finer
               parts
               of
               Humane
               Blood
            
             well
             dry'd
             ,
             which
             Instance
             I
             mention
             on
             this
             occasion
             ,
             because
             it
             seems
             
             to
             be
             the
             Effect
             of
             some
             Affinity
             or
             Cognation
             (
             as
             most
             men
             would
             call
             ,
             what
             I
             would
             call
             
               Mechanical
               Congruity
            
             )
             between
             the
             Spirit
             and
             the
             Body
             it
             works
             on
             ,
             in
             regard
             I
             found
             ,
             by
             more
             than
             one
             Tryal
             purposely
             made
             ,
             that
             a
             highly
             Rectifyed
             
               Vinous
               Spirit
            
             (
             for
             if
             it
             be
             Phlegmatick
             ,
             the
             Water
             may
             dissolve
             some
             of
             the
             Blood
             )
             would
             not
             (
             at
             least
             in
             divers
             hours
             that
             my
             Tryals
             lasted
             )
             draw
             any
             Tincture
             from
             it
             .
          
           
             With
             
               Lixiviate
               Liquors
            
             ,
             such
             as
             are
             made
             of
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             fix'd
             Nitre
             ,
             &c.
             resolv'd
             in
             the
             Air
             or
             otherwise
             ,
             the
             Chymist
             will
             expect
             that
             the
             
               Spirit
               of
               Blood
            
             should
             have
             an
             Affinity
             ,
             since
             they
             esteem
             all
             these
             Liquors
             Alcalies
             though
             this
             be
             Volatile
             and
             those
             be
             fix'd
             .
             But
             though
             these
             Liquors
             comport
             well
             with
             one
             another
             ,
             yet
             we
             find
             not
             that
             they
             strictly
             Associate
             by
             Concoagulation
             ,
             as
             we
             lately
             observ'd
             the
             
               Spirit
               of
               Blood
            
             to
             do
             with
             
               Spirit
               of
               Wine
            
             .
          
           
           
             
             The
             same
             
               Spirit
               of
               Blood
            
             mingles
             readily
             with
             that
             
               Spirit
               of
               Vegetables
            
             ,
             that
             I
             have
             elsewhere
             given
             a
             large
             account
             of
             under
             the
             Title
             of
             
               Adiaphorous
               Spirit
            
             ,
             which
             argues
             that
             there
             is
             some
             Affinity
             between
             them
             ,
             or
             rather
             ,
             that
             there
             is
             not
             any
             manifest
             Hostility
             or
             contrariety
             .
          
           
             The
             like
             Relation
             may
             be
             found
             between
             
               Spirit
               of
               Blood
            
             and
             many
             other
             Liquors
             ,
             which
             it
             were
             needless
             and
             tedious
             to
             enumerate
             .
             It
             may
             better
             deserve
             the
             consideration
             of
             a
             Chymist
             ,
             that
             though
             there
             is
             manifestly
             a
             near
             Cognation
             between
             the
             
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
            
             and
             the
             Oyl
             ,
             since
             they
             both
             proceed
             immediately
             from
             the
             same
             Body
             ,
             yet
             even
             dephlegm'd
             
               Spirit
               of
               Blood
            
             being
             shaken
             ,
             and
             thereby
             confounded
             with
             its
             Oyl
             ,
             will
             quickly
             separate
             again
             from
             it
             ,
             though
             with
             
               Spirit
               of
               Wine
            
             (
             which
             is
             according
             to
             the
             Chymists
             a
             
               Liquid
               Sulphur
            
             as
             well
             as
             the
             Oyl
             )
             
             it
             will
             permanently
             unite
             ,
             notwithstanding
             that
             these
             two
             Liquors
             do
             (
             to
             speak
             in
             their
             Language
             )
             belong
             even
             to
             differing
             Kingdoms
             ,
             the
             one
             to
             the
             Animal
             ,
             and
             the
             other
             to
             the
             Vegetable
             .
          
           
             With
             the
             Essential
             Oyls
             (
             as
             Chymists
             call
             them
             )
             of
             Aromatick
             Vegetables
             ,
             or
             at
             least
             with
             some
             of
             them
             the
             well
             Rectifyed
             Spirit
             of
             H.
             Blood
             seems
             to
             have
             a
             greater
             Affinity
             .
             For
             having
             taken
             a
             dram
             of
             this
             Liquor
             ,
             and
             an
             equal
             weight
             of
             Oyl
             of
             Anise-seeds
             drawn
             in
             a
             Lembick
             [
             
               per
               vesicam
            
             ,
             ]
             and
             shaken
             them
             well
             together
             they
             made
             a
             soft
             or
             semifluid
             White
             Coagulum
             ,
             that
             continu'd
             in
             that
             form
             for
             a
             day
             or
             two
             ,
             and
             probably
             would
             have
             longer
             done
             so
             ,
             if
             I
             had
             not
             had
             occasion
             to
             proceed
             further
             with
             it
             .
          
           
             It
             may
             not
             be
             impertinent
             on
             this
             occasion
             to
             take
             notice
             ,
             that
             because
             I
             presum'd
             ,
             that
             ,
             though
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             would
             not
             totally
             mix
             with
             Essential
             Oyls
             ,
             (
             as
             Chymists
             call
             
             them
             )
             it
             might
             either
             communicate
             some
             Saline
             parts
             to
             them
             ,
             or
             work
             a
             change
             in
             them
             ;
             I
             digested
             a
             while
             in
             a
             Glass
             with
             a
             long
             neck
             ,
             some
             Rectifyed
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             with
             a
             convenient
             quantity
             of
             Oyl
             of
             Anise-seeds
             drawn
             in
             a
             Lembick
             ,
             and
             found
             ,
             as
             I
             expected
             ,
             that
             the
             Oyl
             grew
             colour'd
             of
             a
             high
             Yellow
             ,
             and
             afterwards
             attain'd
             to
             a
             Redness
             ;
             which
             Experiment
             I
             the
             rather
             mention
             ,
             because
             it
             may
             possibly
             afford
             you
             a
             hint
             about
             the
             Cause
             ,
             of
             some
             Changes
             of
             Colour
             ,
             that
             are
             produc'd
             in
             some
             of
             the
             Liquors
             of
             the
             Body
             .
          
           
             Upon
             the
             foremention'd
             Affinity
             or
             congruity
             of
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             with
             that
             of
             Wine
             ,
             and
             with
             (
             some
             )
             Essential
             Oyls
             ,
             I
             founded
             a
             way
             of
             taking
             off
             the
             offensive
             smell
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             which
             is
             the
             only
             thing
             that
             is
             likely
             to
             keep
             the
             more
             delicate
             sort
             of
             Patients
             from
             employing
             so
             useful
             a
             Medicine
             ,
             as
             this
             will
             hereafter
             appear
             to
             be
             .
             
             But
             to
             deal
             with
             a
             Philosophical
             candor
             ,
             I
             must
             not
             conceal
             from
             you
             ,
             that
             ,
             till
             Experience
             shall
             be
             duly
             consulted
             ,
             I
             shall
             retain
             a
             Doubt
             ,
             whether
             the
             way
             employ'd
             to
             deprive
             our
             Spirit
             of
             its
             stink
             ,
             will
             not
             also
             deprive
             it
             of
             part
             of
             its
             Efficacy
             .
             But
             on
             the
             other
             side
             ,
             I
             consider
             it
             as
             a
             thing
             probable
             enough
             ,
             that
             these
             Aromatis'd
             Spirits
             may
             ,
             by
             being
             impregnated
             with
             many
             of
             the
             finer
             parts
             of
             the
             Oyls
             employ'd
             to
             correct
             their
             Odour
             ,
             be
             likewise
             endow'd
             with
             the
             vertues
             of
             those
             Oyls
             ,
             which
             are
             Liquors
             that
             Chymists
             not
             improbably
             believe
             to
             consist
             of
             the
             noblest
             parts
             of
             the
             Vegetables
             that
             afford
             them
             .
          
           
             To
             Aromatise
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             we
             employ'd
             two
             differing
             ways
             ,
             the
             first
             whereof
             was
             this
             ;
             we
             took
             a
             convenient
             quantity
             of
             well
             Rectifyed
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             and
             having
             put
             it
             into
             a
             Glass
             Egg
             ,
             we
             added
             to
             it
             as
             much
             ,
             or
             (
             what
             may
             in
             many
             Cases
             more
             than
             suffice
             )
             
             half
             as
             much
             ,
             Essential
             Oyl
             of
             Anise-seeds
             for
             instance
             ;
             And
             having
             shaken
             these
             Liquors
             together
             to
             mingle
             them
             very
             well
             ,
             we
             plac'd
             the
             Glass
             in
             a
             sit
             posture
             ,
             in
             a
             Furnace
             where
             it
             should
             not
             have
             too
             great
             a
             heat
             ,
             by
             which
             means
             the
             slight
             Texture
             of
             the
             Coagulum
             being
             dissolv'd
             ,
             part
             of
             the
             Oyl
             (
             sometimes
             a
             great
             portion
             of
             it
             )
             appear'd
             by
             it self
             floating
             at
             the
             top
             of
             the
             Spirit
             .
             Whence
             being
             separated
             by
             a
             Tunnel
             or
             otherwise
             ,
             the
             remaining
             Liquor
             was
             Whitish
             and
             without
             any
             stink
             ,
             the
             smell
             predominant
             in
             it
             being
             that
             of
             the
             Anise-seeds
             ,
             of
             which
             it
             tasted
             strongly
             ,
             though
             the
             Saline
             Spirituous
             parts
             of
             the
             Blood
             did
             in
             this
             Liquor
             retain
             a
             not
             inconsiderable
             degree
             of
             their
             brisk
             and
             penetrant
             Tast
             .
          
           
             The
             other
             way
             I
             thought
             of
             to
             Aromatise
             our
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             was
             by
             employing
             a
             Medium
             to
             unite
             it
             with
             Essential
             Oyls
             .
             For
             which
             purpose
             in
             a
             Vinous
             Spirit
             ,
             so
             Dephlegm'd
             
             that
             in
             a
             Silver
             spoon
             it
             would
             totally
             burn
             away
             ,
             we
             dissolv'd
             by
             shaking
             a
             convenient
             proportion
             ,
             as
             an
             eighth
             part
             or
             a
             far
             less
             (
             according
             to
             the
             strength
             of
             the
             Oyl
             )
             of
             an
             Essential
             Oyl
             (
             of
             Anise-seeds
             for
             instance
             ,
             )
             and
             to
             this
             solution
             we
             added
             an
             equal
             quantity
             ,
             or
             some
             other
             convenient
             one
             ,
             of
             our
             Rectifyed
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             and
             having
             by
             shaking
             mix'd
             them
             as
             well
             as
             we
             could
             ,
             we
             suffer'd
             the
             expected
             Coagulum
             (
             which
             was
             soft
             and
             not
             uniform
             )
             to
             rest
             for
             some
             time
             ,
             after
             which
             it
             appear'd
             that
             some
             of
             the
             Oyl
             was
             reviv'd
             ,
             and
             swam
             in
             drops
             distinct
             from
             the
             other
             Liquor
             ,
             which
             consisted
             of
             a
             Mixture
             of
             the
             two
             Spirits
             ,
             impregnated
             with
             the
             Particles
             of
             the
             Oyl
             they
             had
             intercepted
             and
             detain'd
             .
             This
             Liquor
             abounded
             with
             little
             concretions
             made
             by
             the
             concoagulation
             of
             the
             Sanguineous
             and
             Vinous
             Spirits
             .
             And
             these
             with
             a
             very
             gentle
             heat
             sublim'd
             in
             the
             form
             of
             a
             Volatile
             Salt
             ,
             to
             the
             upper
             part
             of
             the
             Glass
             ;
             
             Which
             Salt
             seem'd
             to
             have
             a
             much
             less
             penetrating
             odour
             ,
             then
             the
             meer
             Volatile
             Salt
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             but
             had
             quite
             lost
             its
             stink
             ,
             and
             yet
             retain'd
             a
             considerable
             Quickness
             ,
             and
             somewhat
             of
             the
             scent
             of
             the
             Anise
             Seeds
             ;
             the
             remaining
             Liquor
             also
             was
             depriv'd
             of
             its
             ill
             smell
             ,
             and
             moderately
             imbued
             with
             that
             of
             the
             Oyl
             .
          
           
             I
             thought
             it
             worth
             trying
             ,
             whether
             there
             would
             be
             any
             Affinity
             between
             our
             Spirit
             (
             which
             I
             perceiv'd
             contain'd
             in
             it
             many
             latent
             Particles
             of
             an
             Oleaginous
             nature
             )
             and
             the
             highly
             rectifyed
             Oyl
             of
             Petroleum
             ;
             which
             is
             a
             Mineral
             Bitumen
             :
             and
             having
             shaken
             together
             a
             Convenient
             quantity
             of
             these
             two
             Liquors
             in
             a
             new
             Vial
             ,
             they
             presently
             turn'd
             into
             a
             White
             Mixture
             .
             And
             tho
             after
             it
             had
             for
             many
             hours
             been
             left
             to
             settle
             ,
             the
             greater
             part
             of
             the
             Oyl
             swam
             above
             the
             Spirit
             ,
             yet
             there
             appear'd
             betwixt
             the
             two
             Liquors
             a
             good
             quantity
             of
             a
             whitish
             Matter
             ,
             which
             seem'd
             to
             
             be
             something
             that
             had
             been
             produc'd
             by
             the
             Precipitation
             or
             Union
             of
             many
             Particles
             of
             the
             Spirit
             and
             Oyl
             ,
             that
             were
             more
             dispos'd
             than
             the
             rest
             to
             combine
             with
             one
             another
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             XIII
             .
             (
             Secondary
             )
             Title
             .
             
               Of
               the
               Relation
               between
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               and
               the
               Air.
               
            
          
           
             THat
             the
             Contact
             of
             the
             Air
             has
             a
             speedy
             and
             a
             manifest
             operation
             upon
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             is
             elsewhere
             shewn
             by
             some
             Experiments
             of
             an
             
               Italian
               Virtuoso
               ,
               Signior
            
             —
             and
             some
             of
             mine
             .
             But
             whether
             ,
             after
             Humane
             Blood
             has
             had
             its
             Texture
             so
             much
             alter'd
             ,
             as
             it
             uses
             to
             be
             by
             Distillation
             ,
             it
             will
             retain
             any
             peculiar
             Relation
             to
             the
             Air
             ,
             I
             have
             not
             been
             able
             to
             make
             Tryals
             enough
             to
             determine
             ;
             but
             however
             it
             will
             not
             be
             amiss
             ,
             to
             set
             down
             the
             chief
             Experiments
             I
             made
             on
             this
             occasion
             ,
             because
             they
             may
             be
             considerable
             as
             parts
             of
             our
             History
             ,
             tho
             they
             should
             not
             be
             so
             ,
             as
             Arguments
             decisive
             of
             our
             controversy
             .
          
           
           
             The
             first
             Experiment
             was
             quickly
             made
             ,
             by
             thinly
             spreading
             upon
             a
             piece
             of
             White
             Paper
             ,
             (
             which
             ought
             to
             be
             close
             ,
             that
             it
             may
             not
             soak
             up
             the
             Liquor
             )
             some
             small
             Filings
             of
             Copper
             ,
             and
             wetting
             them
             well
             ,
             without
             covering
             them
             quite
             over
             ,
             with
             a
             few
             drops
             of
             good
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             for
             by
             this
             means
             being
             very
             much
             expos'd
             to
             the
             free
             Air
             ,
             the
             Action
             of
             the
             Liquor
             was
             so
             much
             promoted
             ,
             that
             within
             a
             Minute
             or
             two
             it
             did
             ,
             even
             in
             the
             cold
             ,
             begin
             to
             acquire
             a
             blewish
             colour
             ,
             and
             in
             fewer
             Minutes
             than
             one
             would
             have
             expected
             ,
             that
             colour
             was
             so
             heightened
             as
             to
             become
             Ceruleous
             .
             But
             when
             I
             put
             another
             parcel
             of
             the
             same
             Filings
             into
             a
             Vial
             ,
             and
             cover'd
             them
             with
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             and
             then
             stopt
             the
             Vial
             ,
             to
             keep
             it
             from
             intercourse
             with
             the
             external
             Air
             ,
             the
             Liquor
             would
             not
             in
             some
             Hours
             acquire
             so
             deep
             a
             colour
             .
          
           
             The
             other
             Experiment
             we
             made
             ,
             in
             order
             to
             the
             lately
             propos'd
             enquiry
             ,
             
             was
             the
             same
             for
             substance
             ,
             that
             I
             had
             formerly
             made
             ,
             (
             and
             have
             elsewhere
             at
             large
             deliver'd
             )
             with
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Urine
             ,
             and
             with
             that
             of
             Sal-Armoniac
             ,
             save
             that
             ,
             to
             spare
             our
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             we
             employ'd
             a
             far
             less
             quantity
             of
             it
             ,
             then
             we
             did
             of
             either
             of
             the
             foremention'd
             Liquors
             .
             For
             having
             in
             a
             clear
             Cylindrical
             Vial
             of
             about
             an
             Inch
             Diameter
             ,
             put
             more
             Filings
             of
             Copper
             than
             were
             requisite
             to
             cover
             the
             bottom
             ,
             we
             pour'd
             upon
             it
             ,
             but
             so
             much
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             as
             serv'd
             to
             swim
             a
             Fingers
             breadth
             ,
             or
             about
             an
             Inch
             above
             them
             .
             This
             Liquor
             ,
             because
             of
             the
             quantity
             of
             Air
             ,
             that
             was
             contain'd
             in
             the
             Vial
             ,
             did
             within
             few
             Hours
             acquire
             a
             rich
             Blew
             colour
             ,
             and
             this
             after
             a
             day
             or
             two
             began
             to
             grow
             more
             faint
             ,
             and
             continued
             to
             do
             so
             more
             and
             more
             ,
             till
             it
             came
             to
             be
             almost
             lost
             ;
             but
             yet
             the
             Liquor
             was
             not
             altogether
             Lympid
             ,
             or
             colourless
             ,
             as
             I
             have
             often
             had
             it
             with
             Spirit
             of
             Urine
             ,
             or
             
             of
             Sal-Armoniac
             ;
             which
             remains
             of
             blewishness
             I
             was
             apt
             to
             attribute
             to
             the
             great
             quantity
             of
             Air
             ,
             that
             was
             included
             in
             the
             Vial
             with
             so
             small
             a
             quantity
             of
             Liquor
             .
             And
             tho
             I
             thought
             it
             not
             impossible
             ,
             but
             that
             length
             of
             time
             might
             destroy
             these
             Remains
             of
             blewishness
             also
             ,
             yet
             not
             having
             leisure
             to
             wait
             so
             long
             ,
             I
             unstopt
             the
             Vial
             ,
             and
             perceiv'd
             ,
             as
             I
             expected
             ,
             that
             in
             a
             very
             short
             time
             ,
             perhaps
             about
             two
             Minutes
             of
             an
             hour
             ,
             the
             Surface
             of
             the
             Liquor
             ,
             where
             it
             was
             touch'd
             by
             the
             newly
             enter'd
             Air
             ,
             became
             Ceruleous
             ,
             and
             in
             a
             short
             time
             after
             ,
             perhaps
             less
             than
             a
             quarter
             of
             an
             hour
             ,
             the
             whole
             Body
             of
             the
             Liquor
             had
             attain'd
             a
             deeper
             colour
             than
             that
             of
             the
             Sky
             ,
             which
             colour
             ,
             the
             Vial
             being
             seasonably
             and
             carefully
             stop't
             ,
             began
             in
             two
             or
             three
             days
             to
             grow
             paler
             again
             .
          
           
             These
             Experiments
             would
             ,
             I
             question
             not
             ,
             to
             many
             seem
             manifestly
             to
             infer
             a
             great
             Cognation
             or
             Affinity
             (
             for
             I
             know
             not
             well
             what
             name
             to
             
             give
             it
             )
             between
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             and
             the
             Air.
             But
             tho
             I
             shall
             not
             deny
             the
             Conclusion
             as
             't
             is
             an
             Assertion
             ,
             I
             dare
             not
             rely
             on
             the
             validity
             of
             the
             Inference
             ;
             because
             I
             have
             for
             curiosities
             sake
             made
             the
             like
             Experiments
             succeed
             ,
             with
             other
             Spirits
             abounding
             with
             Volatile
             Salt.
             I
             foresee
             it
             may
             very
             speciously
             be
             pretended
             ,
             that
             those
             Tryals
             succeeded
             upon
             the
             account
             of
             some
             Spirituous
             parts
             of
             the
             Blood
             ,
             since
             Spirit
             of
             Urine
             is
             made
             of
             a
             Liquor
             separated
             from
             the
             Blood
             ;
             and
             that
             ,
             tho
             the
             Sal-Armoniack
             that
             is
             made
             in
             the
             East
             ,
             may
             consist
             in
             great
             part
             of
             Camels
             Urine
             ,
             yet
             that
             which
             is
             made
             in
             Europe
             ,
             (
             where
             Camels
             are
             rarities
             )
             and
             is
             commonly
             sold
             in
             our
             Shops
             ,
             is
             made
             of
             Mans
             Urine
             ,
             and
             consequently
             its
             Spirit
             may
             well
             be
             presum'd
             to
             be
             impregnated
             with
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood.
             And
             I
             confess
             ,
             that
             when
             this
             consideration
             came
             first
             into
             my
             mind
             ,
             it
             appear'd
             so
             probable
             ,
             that
             I
             should
             
             perhaps
             have
             acquiesced
             in
             it
             ,
             if
             it
             were
             not
             for
             what
             I
             am
             going
             to
             subjoyn
             ;
             namely
             ,
             That
             I
             found
             by
             Tryal
             carefully
             made
             ,
             that
             with
             another
             Volatile
             Spirit
             made
             without
             any
             substance
             that
             is
             afforded
             by
             the
             body
             of
             Man
             ,
             I
             could
             with
             Filings
             of
             Copper
             make
             an
             Experiment
             ,
             very
             analogous
             to
             that
             above
             related
             .
             But
             because
             in
             this
             Tryal
             ,
             the
             reiterated
             contact
             of
             the
             Air
             produc'd
             in
             the
             Liquor
             not
             a
             Ceruleous
             ,
             but
             a
             Green
             colour
             ,
             I
             am
             willing
             to
             suspend
             my
             Judgment
             about
             the
             Problem
             lately
             propos'd
             ,
             till
             experience
             shall
             have
             further
             inform'd
             me
             .
          
           
             I
             know
             not
             whether
             it
             will
             be
             worth
             while
             to
             relate
             ,
             that
             having
             in
             an
             unstopt
             Glass
             ,
             put
             some
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             into
             a
             Receiver
             ,
             plac'd
             upon
             our
             Pneumatick
             Engine
             ,
             and
             withdrawn
             the
             incumbent
             Air
             by
             pumping
             ;
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             seem'd
             to
             afford
             lesser
             and
             fewer
             Aereal
             Bubbles
             ,
             than
             such
             a
             quantity
             of
             Common
             Water
             it self
             would
             probably
             
             have
             done
             .
             But
             ,
             as
             I
             lately
             intimated
             ,
             I
             know
             not
             whether
             this
             observation
             be
             considerable
             ,
             because
             being
             not
             willing
             to
             weaken
             by
             exposing
             it
             ,
             a
             fresh
             parcel
             of
             Spirit
             ,
             I
             know
             not
             whether
             the
             paucity
             of
             Air
             observ'd
             in
             that
             lately
             mentioned
             ,
             were
             accidental
             or
             not
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             XIV
             .
             (
             Secondary
             )
             Title
             .
             
               Of
               the
               Hostility
               of
               the
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               to
               Acids
               ,
               whether
               they
               be
               in
               the
               form
               of
               Liquors
               or
               Fumes
               .
            
          
           
             THat
             there
             is
             in
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             such
             a
             thing
             ,
             as
             a
             Chymist
             or
             a
             vulgar
             Philosopher
             would
             call
             Hostility
             ,
             or
             an
             Antipathy
             in
             reference
             to
             Acids
             ,
             has
             been
             plainly
             enough
             ,
             tho
             very
             briefly
             ,
             intimated
             in
             a
             Passage
             belonging
             to
             the
             third
             of
             the
             precedent
             Titles
             .
             But
             yet
             it
             may
             not
             be
             impertinent
             
             to
             add
             in
             this
             place
             ,
             that
             our
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             exercises
             this
             Hostility
             against
             more
             than
             one
             sort
             of
             Acid
             Spirits
             ,
             tho
             perhaps
             they
             differ
             not
             a
             little
             from
             one
             another
             ,
             as
             Spirit
             of
             Salt
             ,
             Spirit
             of
             Nitre
             ,
             Spirit
             and
             Oyl
             of
             Vitriol
             ,
             
               Aqua
               Fortis
               ,
               Aqua
               Regia
               ,
               &c.
            
             and
             not
             only
             against
             
               Factitious
               Acids
            
             ,
             but
             against
             Natural
             ones
             too
             ,
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             may
             discover
             a
             manifest
             Hostility
             ,
             as
             I
             found
             by
             the
             conflict
             it
             would
             make
             with
             newly
             express'd
             Juice
             of
             Lemmons
             which
             it
             would
             put
             into
             a
             confus'd
             agitation
             accompany'd
             with
             bubbles
             .
             And
             this
             was
             yet
             the
             more
             evident
             ,
             when
             I
             employ'd
             the
             Volatile
             Salt
             of
             Blood
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             the
             Spirit
             in
             a
             dry
             form
             :
             for
             having
             squeez'd
             upon
             a
             parcel
             of
             this
             ,
             some
             Juice
             of
             Lemmons
             ,
             there
             was
             presently
             excited
             a
             great
             commotion
             ,
             accompany'd
             not
             only
             with
             froth
             ,
             but
             with
             noise
             .
             But
             (
             to
             return
             to
             the
             strongly
             Acid
             Liquors
             made
             by
             Distillation
             )
             whether
             the
             
             great
             commotion
             ,
             and
             froth
             ,
             and
             hissing
             noise
             ,
             that
             usually
             follows
             upon
             the
             mixing
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             with
             any
             of
             these
             Menstruums
             ,
             do
             proceed
             from
             a
             true
             Hostility
             ,
             or
             an
             Antipathy
             deservedly
             so
             call'd
             ,
             or
             else
             be
             a
             motion
             to
             Coalescence
             or
             Union
             ;
             or
             an
             effect
             of
             the
             disturb'd
             motions
             proper
             to
             the
             differing
             ,
             but
             now
             confounded
             ,
             Liquors
             ;
             or
             lastly
             ,
             a
             consequent
             of
             some
             Impediment
             ,
             which
             the
             new
             Texture
             of
             the
             mingled
             Liquors
             gives
             to
             the
             free
             passage
             of
             some
             Aethereal
             or
             other
             suttle
             Permeating
             Matter
             or
             Fluid
             ,
             I
             shall
             not
             take
             upon
             me
             to
             determine
             ;
             but
             rather
             to
             what
             I
             lately
             told
             you
             ,
             of
             the
             at
             least
             seeming
             contrariety
             of
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             to
             Acid
             Spirits
             ,
             I
             shall
             add
             (
             what
             perhaps
             you
             did
             not
             expect
             )
             that
             this
             Hostility
             extends
             even
             to
             the
             invisible
             Effluvia
             or
             Emanations
             of
             these
             Liquors
             ,
             as
             may
             be
             readily
             seen
             by
             the
             following
             way
             ,
             that
             I
             long
             since
             pitch'd
             upon
             to
             make
             
             it
             not
             only
             visible
             but
             manifest
             .
          
           
             This
             is
             easily
             done
             by
             putting
             any
             strong
             Acid
             Spirit
             ,
             as
             of
             Salt
             ,
             or
             of
             Nitre
             ,
             &c.
             into
             a
             Vial
             somewhat
             wide-mouth'd
             ,
             and
             some
             well
             dephlegm'd
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             into
             another
             ,
             for
             when
             I
             purposely
             inclin'd
             these
             Glasses
             so
             towards
             one
             another
             ,
             that
             their
             Lips
             did
             almost
             touch
             ,
             and
             their
             respective
             Liquors
             were
             ready
             to
             run
             out
             ,
             tho
             neither
             of
             the
             Liquors
             did
             at
             all
             visibly
             fume
             whilst
             they
             were
             kept
             asunder
             ,
             tho
             the
             Glasses
             were
             unstopt
             ,
             yet
             ,
             as
             soon
             as
             the
             Liquors
             came
             to
             be
             approached
             in
             the
             way
             just
             now
             mention'd
             ,
             the
             Fumes
             meeting
             each
             other
             in
             the
             Air
             would
             make
             little
             Coalitions
             ,
             which
             would
             be
             manifestly
             visible
             in
             the
             form
             of
             ascending
             Smoke
             ,
             which
             was
             wont
             at
             first
             to
             surprize
             the
             delighted
             Spectators
             ;
             and
             this
             production
             of
             Smoke
             would
             continue
             a
             good
             while
             ,
             if
             the
             Vials
             were
             not
             sever'd
             to
             make
             it
             cease
             ,
             which
             upon
             their
             remove
             it
             would
             presently
             do
             .
             
             I
             have
             divers
             times
             practis'd
             a
             more
             easy
             way
             of
             making
             these
             Fumes
             conspicuous
             ;
             but
             it
             belongs
             more
             to
             another
             Paper
             ,
             and
             what
             has
             been
             now
             deliver'd
             may
             suffice
             for
             my
             present
             purpose
             .
          
           
             Yet
             it
             may
             not
             be
             improper
             to
             take
             this
             occasion
             ,
             to
             acquaint
             you
             with
             an
             Experiment
             that
             I
             made
             ,
             to
             observe
             what
             the
             contrary
             Salts
             ,
             that
             abound
             in
             our
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             and
             in
             some
             Acid
             Liquors
             ,
             would
             produce
             ,
             when
             they
             were
             combin'd
             and
             brought
             into
             a
             dry
             form
             .
             I
             shall
             therefore
             annex
             a
             Transcript
             of
             the
             Experiment
             I
             speak
             of
             ,
             as
             I
             find
             it
             registred
             in
             one
             of
             my
             Note
             Books
             .
          
           
             [
             We
             took
             some
             pure
             Volatile
             Salt
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             and
             having
             just
             satiated
             it
             with
             Spirit
             of
             Nitre
             ,
             we
             slowly
             evaporated
             away
             the
             superfluous
             moisture
             ,
             that
             the
             Acid
             and
             Urinous
             Salts
             might
             be
             united
             into
             a
             dry
             Concretion
             ,
             from
             which
             my
             design
             was
             to
             separate
             them
             again
             ,
             the
             Salt
             of
             Blood
             in
             its
             Pristine
             form
             ,
             
             and
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Nitre
             in
             the
             form
             of
             Salt-peter
             .
             To
             effect
             this
             ,
             we
             put
             the
             compounded
             Salt
             into
             a
             small
             Bolt-head
             with
             a
             long
             and
             slender
             neck
             ,
             and
             then
             added
             to
             it
             a
             convenient
             quantity
             of
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             and
             as
             much
             distill'd
             Water
             as
             would
             suffice
             to
             make
             the
             Mixture
             somewhat
             Liquid
             ,
             to
             promote
             the
             Action
             of
             the
             contrary
             Salts
             upon
             one
             another
             .
             By
             which
             mutual
             Actions
             we
             suppos'd
             ,
             that
             the
             Saline
             Spirits
             of
             Nitre
             ,
             being
             more
             congruous
             to
             the
             fix'd
             Salt
             than
             to
             the
             Volatile
             ,
             would
             forsake
             the
             Salt
             of
             Blood
             ,
             (
             which
             it
             detain'd
             before
             from
             flying
             away
             ,
             )
             and
             give
             it
             leave
             to
             sublime
             ;
             and
             accordingly
             having
             kept
             the
             Glass
             ,
             wherein
             the
             mixture
             was
             made
             ,
             for
             a
             competent
             time
             in
             a
             convenient
             heat
             ,
             we
             obtain'd
             what
             we
             look'd
             for
             ;
             since
             a
             good
             proportion
             of
             fine
             Volatile
             Salt
             ascended
             in
             a
             dry
             form
             ,
             into
             the
             Neck
             .
             ]
          
           
             Having
             put
             to
             some
             of
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             a
             small
             quantity
             
             of
             exceeding
             strong
             Spirit
             of
             Nitre
             ,
             there
             was
             upon
             the
             conflict
             of
             the
             two
             Liquors
             excited
             so
             great
             a
             quantity
             of
             thick
             white
             Fumes
             ,
             that
             I
             could
             not
             but
             wonder
             at
             it
             ,
             having
             never
             seen
             any
             thing
             of
             that
             kind
             comparable
             to
             it
             .
             And
             these
             Fumes
             Circulating
             long
             in
             the
             Cavity
             of
             the
             Glass
             ,
             whereof
             perhaps
             a
             tenth
             part
             was
             full
             of
             Liquor
             ,
             did
             many
             of
             them
             ,
             tho
             the
             Vessel
             were
             wide-mouth'd
             ,
             fall
             back
             and
             run
             down
             the
             sides
             of
             the
             Glass
             into
             the
             stagnant
             mixture
             ,
             as
             if
             they
             had
             compos'd
             streams
             of
             a
             Milky
             Liquor
             .
             And
             when
             at
             length
             ,
             after
             these
             Fumes
             had
             disappear'd
             ,
             we
             dropt
             in
             a
             little
             more
             of
             the
             same
             smoaking
             Spirit
             of
             Nitre
             ,
             the
             like
             strange
             plenty
             of
             white
             Exhalations
             did
             presently
             ensue
             ,
             and
             continue
             to
             Circulate
             a
             great
             while
             in
             the
             open
             Glass
             ,
             the
             Mixture
             in
             the
             mean
             while
             appearing
             reddish
             .
             Being
             settled
             ,
             and
             seeming
             to
             have
             been
             so
             discolour'd
             by
             a
             fattish
             substance
             ,
             we
             put
             to
             it
             a
             
             little
             Rain
             or
             Distill'd
             Water
             ,
             and
             having
             by
             Filtration
             separated
             it
             from
             the
             Faeces
             ,
             and
             slowly
             evaporated
             the
             thus
             Clarified
             Liquor
             ,
             the
             Saline
             parts
             shot
             into
             Crystals
             much
             of
             the
             shape
             ,
             and
             crossing
             one
             another
             much
             after
             the
             manner
             ,
             of
             Stiriae
             of
             Salt-peter
             ;
             but
             their
             colour
             after
             a
             while
             appear'd
             Yellow
             ,
             as
             if
             some
             Oyly
             substance
             were
             yet
             mix'd
             with
             them
             .
          
           
             
               N.
               B.
            
             Tho
             on
             several
             occasions
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             appear'd
             thus
             .
             Oily
             ,
             yet
             I
             remember
             I
             had
             not
             long
             since
             some
             Distill'd
             from
             another
             parcel
             of
             Blood
             ,
             which
             after
             having
             been
             kept
             a
             year
             ,
             was
             limpid
             and
             colourless
             like
             an
             ordinary
             Vegetable
             Spirit
             .
          
           
             Some
             of
             the
             forementioned
             Crystalls
             being
             put
             upon
             well
             kindled
             Charcoals
             ,
             did
             presently
             melt
             and
             burn
             away
             with
             a
             noise
             not
             unlike
             Salt-peter
             ;
             but
             the
             flame
             seem'd
             not
             quite
             so
             halituous
             ,
             and
             was
             more
             differing
             in
             colour
             ,
             being
             not
             at
             all
             Blew
             but
             very
             Yellow
             .
             After
             the
             
             deflagration
             was
             quite
             past
             ,
             I
             was
             curious
             to
             see
             if
             any
             fixt
             substance
             was
             left
             upon
             the
             Coals
             ,
             and
             found
             it
             to
             be
             somewhat
             odd
             ;
             for
             it
             was
             not
             of
             a
             light
             colour
             ,
             nor
             of
             an
             incoherent
             Body
             ,
             like
             Ashes
             ,
             but
             a
             little
             lump
             of
             a
             dirty
             colour'd
             matter
             ,
             in
             which
             I
             could
             not
             perceive
             an
             Alcalisate
             tast
             ,
             and
             indeed
             scarce
             any
             at
             all
             .
             And
             this
             brittle
             substance
             (
             for
             such
             it
             was
             )
             being
             held
             in
             the
             flame
             ,
             became
             red
             hot
             ,
             without
             appearing
             destroy'd
             by
             that
             Ignition
             ,
             no
             more
             than
             afterwards
             it
             did
             by
             being
             a
             good
             while
             kept
             upon
             a
             glowing
             Coal
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             The
             XV.
             (
             Secondary
             )
             Title
             .
             
               Of
               the
               Medicinal
               Vertues
               of
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               outwardly
               apply'd
               .
            
          
           
             HAving
             resided
             for
             many
             years
             last
             past
             ,
             in
             a
             place
             so
             well
             furnished
             with
             learned
             Physicians
             as
             
               London
               is
            
             ,
             I
             was
             careful
             to
             decline
             the
             occasions
             of
             entrenching
             upon
             their
             profession
             .
             And
             tho
             that
             care
             did
             not
             always
             secure
             me
             quiet
             ,
             yet
             it
             did
             it
             so
             far
             ,
             as
             that
             you
             ,
             to
             whom
             my
             circumstances
             are
             not
             unknown
             ,
             will
             not
             I
             hope
             expect
             ,
             that
             I
             should
             say
             much
             upon
             my
             own
             experience
             ,
             of
             the
             Medicinal
             Vertues
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ;
             yet
             since
             I
             had
             some
             few
             opportunities
             to
             get
             Tryals
             made
             by
             practitioners
             in
             Physick
             ,
             (
             who
             were
             pleas'd
             very
             willingly
             to
             make
             them
             for
             me
             ,
             )
             that
             I
             may
             
             not
             leave
             this
             Subject
             wholly
             untouch'd
             ,
             I
             will
             subjoyn
             what
             occurs
             ,
             either
             to
             my
             Memory
             ,
             or
             to
             my
             Thoughts
             ,
             about
             it
             .
          
           
             When
             I
             consider
             ,
             that
             ,
             as
             far
             as
             I
             have
             observ'd
             ,
             we
             do
             not
             meet
             regularly
             with
             any
             Acid
             Substance
             ,
             (
             except
             perhaps
             in
             the
             
               Succus
               Pancreaticus
            
             )
             in
             a
             sound
             Humane
             Body
             :
             For
             the
             fixt
             Salt
             of
             Blood
             does
             it self
             much
             resemble
             Sea-salt
             ,
             whether
             its
             Spirit
             be
             Acid
             or
             no
             ;
             whereas
             the
             several
             parts
             of
             it
             ,
             whether
             Solid
             ,
             as
             Bones
             ,
             or
             Liquid
             ,
             as
             Blood
             ,
             afford
             in
             Distillation
             store
             of
             Liquor
             impregnated
             with
             Volatile
             Salt
             ;
             I
             am
             induc'd
             to
             think
             it
             probable
             ,
             that
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             wherein
             such
             a
             Salt
             abounds
             ,
             and
             whereof
             it
             is
             the
             main
             and
             predominant
             Ingredient
             ,
             is
             like
             to
             have
             notable
             operations
             upon
             the
             Humane
             Body
             ,
             and
             afford
             Medicines
             of
             great
             Efficacy
             in
             many
             of
             its
             Diseases
             .
             And
             ,
             tho
             against
             most
             of
             these
             it
             is
             to
             be
             internally
             given
             ,
             yet
             there
             are
             some
             
             against
             which
             it
             may
             be
             successful
             ,
             when
             but
             Externally
             administred
             .
          
           
             For
             ,
             as
             well
             rectified
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             abounds
             with
             very
             subtile
             Particles
             ,
             which
             in
             point
             of
             Tast
             ,
             Odour
             ,
             Diffusiveness
             and
             Penetrancy
             ,
             do
             much
             resemble
             those
             of
             strong
             Spirits
             of
             Urine
             ,
             of
             Harts-horn
             ,
             and
             of
             Sal-Armoniack
             ;
             so
             one
             may
             very
             probably
             expect
             to
             find
             the
             same
             vertues
             in
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             that
             Experience
             has
             manifested
             to
             belong
             to
             those
             other
             Spirituous
             Liquors
             .
          
           
             I
             have
             seldom
             ,
             if
             ever
             ,
             seen
             any
             Medicine
             operate
             so
             nimbly
             in
             Fits
             of
             the
             Mother
             ,
             as
             a
             well
             dephlegm'd
             Spirit
             of
             Sal-Armoniac
             ;
             which
             as
             I
             formerly
             noted
             is
             in
             effect
             mainly
             a
             Spirit
             of
             Urine
             ;
             which
             it self
             is
             granted
             to
             be
             ,
             a
             Liquor
             separated
             from
             Blood
             :
             for
             this
             Spirit
             being
             held
             to
             the
             Noses
             of
             Hysterical
             Women
             ,
             has
             often
             in
             a
             trice
             ,
             to
             the
             wonder
             of
             the
             By-standers
             fetch'd
             them
             out
             of
             their
             Fits.
             Nor
             is
             this
             the
             considerablest
             effect
             that
             I
             have
             
             had
             of
             this
             Spirit
             ,
             for
             sometimes
             it
             has
             with
             a
             strange
             quickness
             brought
             to
             themselves
             Patients
             that
             were
             fallen
             to
             the
             ground
             ,
             and
             either
             really
             were
             ,
             or
             were
             judg'd
             to
             be
             ,
             Epileptical
             .
             And
             even
             in
             Agonizing
             Persons
             ,
             where
             it
             could
             not
             recover
             them
             ,
             it
             would
             frequently
             for
             the
             time
             ,
             bring
             them
             out
             of
             their
             swoons
             ,
             and
             make
             them
             know
             and
             understand
             the
             Assistants
             ,
             and
             perhaps
             speak
             to
             them
             too
             :
             of
             which
             ,
             if
             it
             were
             needful
             I
             could
             give
             more
             then
             one
             instance
             .
             But
             I
             shall
             rather
             add
             ,
             that
             if
             nature
             be
             not
             quite
             spent
             ,
             and
             the
             case
             wholly
             desperate
             ,
             this
             may
             be
             of
             great
             advantage
             ,
             because
             it
             allows
             the
             Physician
             some
             (
             tho
             perhaps
             but
             little
             )
             time
             ,
             and
             a
             good
             opportunity
             to
             administer
             other
             Remedies
             which
             the
             Patient
             ,
             unless
             excited
             and
             brought
             to
             himself
             ,
             would
             not
             be
             made
             to
             take
             .
             Of
             which
             I
             shall
             give
             you
             a
             memorable
             instance
             in
             a
             Patient
             of
             the
             very
             learned
             Dr.
             
             Willis's
             ,
             who
             being
             in
             
             the
             Fitt
             of
             an
             Apoplexy
             ,
             when
             he
             was
             necessitated
             to
             go
             from
             her
             out
             of
             the
             Town
             ,
             and
             leave
             her
             in
             that
             Condition
             ,
             he
             Committed
             her
             to
             the
             care
             of
             a
             very
             Ingenious
             Physician
             ,
             who
             (
             whether
             by
             his
             direction
             or
             no
             ,
             I
             remember
             not
             )
             came
             to
             me
             to
             acquaint
             me
             with
             it
             ,
             complaining
             that
             they
             could
             not
             hope
             for
             any
             success
             of
             their
             Remedies
             ,
             in
             regard
             she
             was
             so
             stupid
             ,
             and
             had
             shut
             her
             mouth
             so
             ,
             that
             they
             could
             not
             get
             any
             down
             ;
             whereupon
             I
             gave
             him
             ,
             and
             told
             him
             the
             use
             of
             ,
             a
             very
             subtile
             Spirit
             that
             I
             had
             by
             me
             for
             such
             cases
             ,
             tho
             I
             remember
             not
             ,
             whether
             it
             were
             of
             Sal-armoniac
             ,
             or
             some
             other
             Volatile
             and
             Liquid
             Alcaly
             ;
             by
             applying
             which
             to
             her
             Nose
             ,
             the
             Physician
             found
             he
             could
             presently
             make
             her
             open
             her
             Eyes
             ,
             and
             in
             part
             come
             to
             her self
             ;
             but
             then
             she
             would
             again
             ,
             when
             the
             Glass
             was
             remov'd
             ,
             soon
             relapse
             into
             her
             former
             Condition
             .
             Wherefore
             having
             by
             those
             frequent
             Vicissitudes
             gain'd
             some
             
             time
             ,
             and
             got
             a
             Medicine
             for
             his
             purpose
             he
             then
             held
             the
             glass
             to
             her
             Nose
             for
             a
             good
             while
             together
             ;
             by
             which
             means
             she
             so
             recovered
             her
             senses
             ,
             that
             she
             knew
             the
             By-standers
             ,
             and
             being
             exhorted
             to
             take
             a
             Medicine
             that
             was
             offered
             her
             ,
             which
             they
             told
             her
             would
             do
             her
             much
             good
             ,
             she
             understood
             them
             ,
             and
             swallowed
             it
             ;
             and
             tho
             afterwards
             ,
             upon
             the
             removal
             of
             the
             Vial
             ,
             she
             relaps'd
             into
             a
             senseless
             state
             ,
             yet
             by
             the
             help
             of
             the
             Urinous
             Spirit
             they
             kept
             her
             alive
             ,
             till
             the
             very
             brisk
             Medicine
             she
             had
             taken
             began
             to
             act
             its
             part
             ,
             and
             make
             a
             Copious
             Evacuation
             ,
             which
             did
             not
             only
             rouse
             her
             ,
             but
             little
             by
             little
             relieve
             her
             ;
             So
             that
             in
             a
             short
             time
             she
             happily
             escap'd
             a
             danger
             ,
             that
             was
             judg'd
             to
             be
             very
             hardly
             ,
             if
             at
             all
             ,
             superable
             by
             any
             Medicines
             .
             But
             here
             I
             must
             give
             you
             notice
             ,
             that
             in
             such
             difficult
             and
             desperate
             Cases
             I
             am
             not
             content
             that
             a
             Vial
             with
             a
             somewhat
             long
             neck
             be
             held
             to
             the
             nose
             ,
             but
             sometimes
             order
             that
             little
             
             Pellets
             of
             Lint
             or
             Cotton
             ,
             or
             of
             thin
             rags
             ,
             be
             dipt
             into
             the
             Spirit
             and
             thrust
             up
             into
             the
             Nostrils
             .
             And
             the
             same
             thing
             I
             would
             advise
             ,
             if
             need
             should
             require
             it
             ,
             in
             the
             administration
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood.
             And
             as
             ,
             for
             external
             uses
             ,
             I
             make
             a
             particular
             Preparation
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Sal-Armoniac
             ,
             or
             of
             Urine
             ,
             that
             is
             more
             strong
             and
             penetrant
             ,
             then
             that
             which
             is
             made
             the
             more
             ordinary
             way
             :
             So
             ,
             if
             I
             had
             been
             furnish'd
             with
             store
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             I
             would
             have
             handled
             it
             in
             a
             not
             very
             unlike
             manner
             .
             And
             however
             with
             the
             little
             I
             had
             ,
             I
             made
             the
             following
             Experiment
             ,
             for
             Tryals
             sake
             .
             We
             took
             some
             dry'd
             Volatile
             Salt
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             (
             being
             then
             better
             able
             to
             spare
             that
             than
             Spirit
             ,
             )
             and
             put
             to
             it
             as
             much
             Spirit
             of
             Nitre
             ,
             as
             would
             just
             serve
             to
             satiate
             it
             ;
             and
             then
             by
             Evaporation
             we
             obtain'd
             thence
             an
             Anomalous
             kind
             of
             compounded
             Salt
             ,
             which
             afterwards
             ,
             because
             we
             desired
             a
             Medicine
             in
             a
             dry
             form
             ,
             we
             sublim'd
             
             from
             a
             Convenient
             quantity
             of
             a
             well
             chosen
             
               fixed
               Alcaly
            
             ,
             (
             if
             I
             mistake
             not
             ,
             we
             took
             an
             equall
             weight
             of
             
               Salt
               of
               Tartar
            
             )
             fit
             to
             retain
             ,
             not
             only
             the
             Phlegmatick
             parts
             ,
             but
             the
             Oleaginous
             too
             ,
             which
             oftentimes
             lye
             conceal'd
             in
             Volatile
             Salts
             and
             Liquors
             ,
             wherein
             they
             do
             not
             at
             all
             at
             first
             appear
             ,
             and
             unto
             which
             the
             greatest
             part
             of
             their
             foetid
             or
             offensive
             smell
             may
             probably
             be
             imputed
             .
             By
             this
             means
             we
             obtain'd
             a
             dry
             white
             Salt
             of
             a
             very
             piercing
             smell
             .
             But
             I
             had
             no
             opportunity
             to
             try
             this
             sublim'd
             Salt
             upon
             diseased
             Persons
             :
             for
             whose
             sake
             ,
             I
             also
             made
             use
             of
             another
             way
             to
             bring
             over
             the
             Saline
             part
             of
             Blood
             in
             a
             Liquid
             form
             ,
             (
             which
             for
             the
             use
             of
             smelling
             I
             for
             the
             most
             part
             prefer
             to
             the
             dry
             )
             for
             which
             purpose
             we
             mix'd
             two
             parts
             of
             dry'd
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             with
             three
             parts
             of
             Lime
             ,
             and
             then
             distill'd
             them
             with
             a
             pretty
             strong
             Fire
             ,
             by
             which
             means
             we
             obtain'd
             ,
             as
             we
             expected
             ,
             a
             pretty
             deal
             of
             Spirit
             unaccompanyed
             with
             any
             Volatile
             Salt
             in
             a
             dry
             
             form
             ,
             which
             Spirit
             seem'd
             ,
             even
             without
             Rectification
             ,
             to
             have
             a
             stronger
             smell
             ,
             and
             a
             more
             fiery
             tast
             then
             other
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             after
             a
             Rectification
             .
             And
             I
             guess'd
             that
             if
             we
             had
             taken
             more
             or
             stronger
             Lime
             ,
             we
             should
             have
             had
             less
             Oyl
             ,
             and
             a
             more
             piercing
             Spirit
             ,
             since
             the
             Lime
             would
             probably
             have
             retain'd
             most
             of
             the
             Oyl
             ,
             and
             perhaps
             all
             the
             Superfluous
             Moisture
             .
          
           
             I
             have
             likewise
             often
             found
             ,
             that
             slighter
             Head-aches
             have
             been
             cured
             in
             less
             (
             and
             perhaps
             much
             less
             )
             time
             than
             a
             quarter
             of
             an
             hour
             ,
             by
             the
             base
             smell
             of
             some
             of
             these
             well
             depurated
             Volatile
             Alcalies
             ;
             and
             if
             I
             misremember
             not
             ,
             I
             have
             been
             relieved
             particularly
             by
             that
             of
             
               H.
               B.
            
             )
             and
             I
             have
             very
             rarely
             for
             these
             many
             years
             us'd
             ,
             or
             (
             thanks
             be
             to
             God
             )
             needed
             any
             other
             Medicine
             to
             free
             my self
             from
             pains
             of
             the
             Head.
             And
             even
             Violent
             and
             durable
             pains
             of
             that
             part
             have
             been
             ,
             if
             not
             quite
             remov'd
             yet
             much
             lessen'd
             ,
             by
             the
             same
             remedy
             often
             reiterated
             ,
             which
             I
             have
             
             likewise
             observ'd
             to
             be
             usually
             enough
             very
             effectual
             in
             faintings
             ,
             especially
             those
             of
             Hysterical
             and
             Hypochondriacal
             Women
             ;
             which
             makes
             it
             probable
             ,
             that
             our
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             which
             is
             a
             Liquor
             that
             in
             many
             Qualities
             manifestly
             resembles
             other
             Volatile
             Alcalies
             ,
             (
             and
             perhaps
             surpasses
             them
             ,
             )
             and
             which
             ,
             when
             well
             freed
             from
             its
             Oyl
             ,
             can
             by
             few
             ,
             if
             by
             any
             ,
             be
             distinguisht
             from
             other
             Urinous
             Spirits
             ,
             may
             by
             its
             odour
             be
             available
             in
             the
             forementioned
             Maladies
             .
             I
             expect
             you
             should
             tell
             me
             ,
             that
             the
             ill
             scent
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             will
             hinder
             that
             sex
             from
             useing
             it
             externally
             ,
             to
             divers
             of
             whose
             Distempers
             it
             is
             the
             most
             proper
             .
             To
             this
             it
             may
             be
             answer'd
             ,
             that
             most
             of
             those
             that
             find
             themselves
             in
             pain
             or
             danger
             ,
             would
             be
             content
             to
             be
             eas'd
             or
             rescu'd
             by
             an
             unpleasant
             Medicine
             .
             For
             we
             may
             apply
             to
             health
             ,
             what
             Vespasian
             said
             of
             the
             Tax
             that
             was
             paid
             him
             ,
             upon
             the
             score
             of
             Urine
             ,
             
               Lucri
               bonus
               odor
               ex
               re
               qualibet
               .
            
             And
             
             accordingly
             we
             see
             ,
             that
             Ladies
             themselves
             ordinarily
             make
             use
             in
             such
             Cases
             of
             burnt
             Feathers
             ,
             and
             in
             these
             and
             some
             others
             of
             
               Castoreum
               ,
               Galbanum
            
             and
             Asafoetida
             ,
             whose
             smells
             are
             offensive
             enough
             to
             men
             .
             But
             for
             the
             more
             delicate
             and
             Nauseous
             Patients
             ,
             one
             may
             much
             lessen
             the
             offensive
             odour
             of
             our
             Spirit
             ,
             by
             long
             Digestions
             ,
             or
             by
             reiterated
             ,
             or
             skilful
             Rectifications
             .
             And
             if
             even
             then
             they
             cannot
             be
             reconcil'd
             to
             the
             odour
             of
             so
             good
             a
             Remedy
             ,
             that
             odour
             may
             (
             as
             was
             formerly
             intimated
             on
             another
             occasion
             )
             be
             corrected
             by
             uniting
             it
             with
             a
             Convenient
             quantity
             of
             highly
             rectified
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             ;
             by
             which
             means
             it
             may
             perhaps
             (
             for
             I
             am
             not
             sure
             on
             't
             )
             lose
             somewhat
             of
             its
             penetrancy
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             of
             its
             Urinous
             odour
             ,
             but
             yet
             may
             remain
             subtile
             and
             active
             enough
             for
             divers
             good
             purposes
             .
             And
             if
             you
             would
             not
             only
             correct
             the
             smell
             of
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             but
             make
             it
             afford
             a
             fragrant
             one
             ,
             you
             may
             do
             it
             by
             dissolving
             in
             the
             Spirit
             of
             
             Wine
             a
             convenient
             quantity
             of
             some
             Aromatick
             ,
             or
             other
             well
             scented
             ,
             Chymical
             Oyl
             ,
             whose
             proportion
             may
             be
             found
             by
             letting
             it
             fall
             drop
             after
             drop
             into
             the
             Vial
             ,
             and
             frequently
             shaking
             it
             to
             mingle
             the
             Liquors
             well
             ,
             till
             you
             find
             by
             your
             smell
             ,
             That
             the
             offensive
             odour
             of
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             is
             sufficiently
             obscured
             ;
             or
             (
             if
             you
             will
             not
             only
             correct
             it
             ,
             but
             perfume
             the
             Liquor
             )
             that
             the
             mixture
             is
             sufficiently
             imbued
             with
             the
             grateful
             Odour
             of
             the
             Oyl
             ,
             wherewith
             you
             compounded
             it
             .
          
           
             I
             shall
             add
             on
             this
             occasion
             ,
             that
             ,
             if
             we
             aim
             chiefly
             at
             correcting
             or
             changing
             the
             smell
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             we
             may
             usefully
             employ
             a
             Chymical
             Oyl
             ,
             more
             mild
             or
             temperate
             than
             the
             Aromatick
             ones
             of
             Cinnamon
             or
             Cloves
             .
             For
             Tryal
             purposely
             made
             has
             inform'd
             me
             ,
             that
             ,
             if
             the
             Oyl
             of
             Rhodium
             (
             which
             is
             much
             esteem'd
             by
             perfumers
             )
             be
             sincerely
             and
             skilfully
             made
             ,
             (
             which
             I
             fear
             it
             is
             not
             over
             frequently
             )
             a
             very
             few
             
             drops
             of
             it
             will
             make
             an
             ounce
             of
             Alcohole
             of
             Wine
             so
             fragrant
             ,
             that
             this
             Solution
             being
             shaken
             together
             with
             a
             convenient
             quantity
             (
             perhaps
             much
             less
             than
             an
             equal
             one
             )
             of
             well
             rectify'd
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             there
             will
             emerge
             a
             mixture
             ,
             that
             I
             found
             to
             have
             a
             scent
             brisk
             enough
             ,
             and
             yet
             to
             be
             not
             only
             free
             from
             stink
             ,
             but
             imbu'd
             ,
             tho
             not
             strongly
             ,
             with
             the
             Odoriferous
             Particles
             of
             the
             Rhodium
             .
          
           
             I
             must
             not
             here
             omit
             ,
             that
             divers
             happy
             Practitioners
             ,
             as
             well
             Physicians
             as
             profess'd
             Chymists
             ,
             do
             highly
             extol
             the
             Oyl
             of
             Amber
             ,
             against
             Convulsion
             fits
             and
             other
             Distempers
             of
             the
             Brain
             and
             
               Genus
               Nervosum
            
             :
             And
             indeed
             Experience
             has
             so
             recommended
             some
             Medicines
             of
             Amber
             to
             me
             ,
             that
             in
             some
             cases
             there
             are
             few
             that
             I
             more
             willingly
             give
             or
             take
             .
             And
             besides
             the
             great
             Character
             that
             Helmont
             has
             left
             of
             Amber
             dissolv'd
             in
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             ,
             Experience
             has
             brought
             such
             Credit
             
             to
             it
             in
             divers
             cases
             ,
             (
             for
             there
             are
             some
             cases
             and
             constitutions
             wherein
             I
             suspect
             it
             of
             too
             much
             heat
             )
             that
             many
             Patients
             ,
             as
             well
             Women
             as
             Men
             ,
             had
             much
             rather
             endure
             the
             smell
             ,
             than
             deny
             themselves
             the
             benefit
             of
             the
             Tincture
             or
             the
             Oyl
             .
             And
             if
             you
             have
             any
             such
             Patients
             ,
             perhaps
             you
             will
             not
             be
             ill
             pleas'd
             to
             be
             advertiz'd
             ,
             that
             you
             may
             according
             to
             the
             formerly
             mentioned
             way
             ,
             employ
             the
             high
             Tincture
             of
             Amber
             taken
             with
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             ;
             to
             correct
             the
             Odour
             ,
             and
             encrease
             (
             at
             least
             in
             number
             )
             the
             Vertues
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood.
             And
             because
             it
             requires
             some
             skill
             ,
             and
             not
             seldom
             a
             pretty
             deal
             of
             time
             ,
             to
             draw
             this
             Tincture
             from
             Crude
             Amber
             ,
             tho
             finely
             powder'd
             ,
             I
             bethought
             my self
             of
             the
             following
             way
             ,
             to
             draw
             speedily
             a
             strong
             Tincture
             from
             the
             Oyl
             it self
             ;
             for
             ,
             tho
             this
             Oyl
             will
             not
             ,
             even
             by
             long
             shaking
             ,
             dissolve
             throughly
             in
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             ,
             as
             the
             Aromatick
             and
             other
             
             Oyls
             lately
             mentioned
             will
             do
             ;
             yet
             I
             found
             that
             by
             well
             shaking
             those
             two
             Liquors
             together
             ,
             and
             leaving
             them
             to
             settle
             at
             leisure
             ;
             tho
             they
             would
             separate
             into
             distinct
             Masses
             ,
             yet
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             would
             even
             in
             the
             cold
             extract
             from
             the
             Oyl
             a
             fine
             Tincture
             of
             a
             high
             Yellow
             colour
             ,
             little
             ,
             if
             at
             all
             ,
             different
             from
             that
             of
             the
             Oyl
             it self
             .
             Of
             which
             Tincture
             I
             afterwards
             mix'd
             as
             much
             with
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             as
             suffic'd
             to
             obscure
             the
             Urinous
             smell
             ,
             and
             make
             that
             of
             the
             Oyl
             of
             Amber
             somewhat
             predominant
             ,
             and
             as
             we
             judg'd
             ,
             more
             subtile
             and
             brisk
             than
             it
             was
             before
             .
          
           
             Three
             things
             more
             I
             have
             to
             intimate
             concerning
             the
             external
             use
             of
             our
             Spirit
             of
             Blood.
             The
             first
             is
             ,
             that
             by
             what
             has
             been
             said
             of
             the
             good
             effects
             it
             may
             have
             ,
             when
             (
             after
             it
             has
             been
             ,
             by
             the
             lately
             mentioned
             or
             other
             preparations
             ,
             imbu'd
             with
             Chymical
             Oyls
             )
             it
             is
             smelt
             to
             ,
             I
             would
             by
             no
             means
             be
             thought
             to
             deny
             ,
             that
             it
             is
             after
             these
             changes
             
             fit
             to
             be
             also
             inwardly
             employ'd
             ,
             as
             I
             shall
             have
             ere
             long
             occasion
             more
             particularly
             to
             declare
             .
             My
             second
             Admonition
             shall
             be
             ,
             that
             ,
             whereas
             in
             some
             mixtures
             it
             will
             be
             hard
             to
             hit
             upon
             the
             proportion
             of
             the
             Chymicall
             Oyl
             ,
             or
             other
             things
             employ'd
             to
             correct
             the
             smell
             of
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             so
             exactly
             ,
             but
             that
             after
             the
             mixture
             has
             had
             some
             time
             to
             settle
             ,
             a
             separation
             of
             some
             oleaginous
             parts
             will
             be
             made
             :
             The
             bulk
             of
             the
             mixture
             may
             be
             freed
             from
             it
             ,
             by
             pouring
             all
             into
             a
             Glass
             Tunnel
             somewhat
             sharp
             at
             the
             bottom
             ,
             after
             the
             manner
             us'd
             among
             Chymists
             to
             separate
             Oyls
             from
             other
             Liquors
             ,
             and
             then
             the
             mixture
             that
             will
             run
             through
             before
             the
             Oyl
             ,
             may
             be
             kept
             close
             stopt
             in
             a
             Vial
             by
             it self
             ,
             and
             the
             fragrant
             Oyl
             (
             unless
             it
             be
             of
             Cinnamon
             or
             Cloves
             )
             reserv'd
             for
             other
             uses
             .
             And
             whereas
             frequently
             ,
             if
             not
             most
             commonly
             ,
             if
             the
             Vinous
             Spirit
             were
             sufficiently
             Rectified
             ,
             there
             will
             ,
             by
             the
             Concoagulation
             
             of
             the
             Saline
             and
             Urinous
             Particles
             ,
             be
             produc'd
             a
             kind
             of
             Salt
             ;
             you
             may
             either
             pour
             the
             Liquid
             part
             from
             it
             into
             another
             Vial
             ,
             and
             use
             each
             of
             them
             separately
             without
             more
             ado
             ,
             or
             else
             without
             thus
             separating
             them
             ,
             you
             may
             sublime
             with
             a
             very
             gentle
             warmth
             ,
             as
             much
             as
             will
             ascend
             from
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Mixture
             in
             a
             dry
             form
             .
             And
             this
             
               Sal
               Volatile
               Oleosum
            
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             when
             it
             was
             duly
             prepar'd
             ,
             I
             found
             to
             be
             depriv'd
             of
             its
             former
             bad
             scent
             ,
             and
             perhaps
             endow'd
             with
             a
             fragrant
             one
             ,
             and
             yet
             to
             have
             an
             Odour
             more
             subtile
             ,
             brisk
             ,
             and
             piercing
             ,
             than
             I
             had
             thought
             it
             reasonable
             to
             expect
             .
             The
             third
             and
             last
             thing
             I
             would
             advertise
             ,
             is
             ,
             that
             besides
             those
             Medicinal
             uses
             ,
             that
             may
             be
             made
             of
             the
             Odours
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             Simple
             or
             Compounded
             ,
             it
             may
             have
             considerable
             Vertues
             ,
             apply'd
             in
             substance
             as
             a
             Liquor
             ,
             by
             way
             of
             Fomentation
             or
             otherwise
             ;
             which
             I
             think
             the
             more
             likely
             ,
             because
             
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Sal-Armoniac
             has
             been
             much
             commended
             ,
             for
             mitigating
             the
             sharp
             pains
             of
             the
             Gout
             ,
             and
             is
             said
             to
             have
             been
             successfully
             us'd
             in
             the
             Erysipelas
             .
             And
             when
             I
             consider
             ,
             that
             our
             Liquor
             is
             very
             Spirituous
             and
             Penetrating
             ,
             and
             so
             fit
             to
             strengthen
             and
             resolve
             ,
             and
             also
             of
             an
             Alcalisate
             nature
             ,
             which
             fits
             it
             to
             mortify
             Acidities
             ,
             it
             seems
             very
             probable
             ,
             that
             ,
             by
             vertue
             of
             these
             and
             other
             friendly
             Qualities
             ,
             it
             may
             ,
             by
             being
             apply'd
             in
             its
             Liquid
             form
             ,
             prove
             good
             in
             divers
             cases
             ,
             where
             the
             Chyrurgions
             or
             the
             Physicians
             help
             is
             wont
             to
             be
             requir'd
             .
          
           
             But
             't
             is
             high
             time
             for
             me
             to
             proceed
             ,
             from
             the
             External
             to
             the
             Internal
             uses
             of
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
          
        
         
           
           
             The
             XVI
             .
             (
             Secondary
             )
             Title
             .
             
               Of
               the
               Medicinal
               Vertues
               of
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               inwardly
               us'd
               .
            
          
           
             I
             Have
             long
             been
             prone
             to
             think
             ,
             that
             't
             is
             not
             necessary
             the
             number
             of
             specifically
             different
             
               Morbific
               Matters
            
             (
             as
             Physicians
             call
             
               actually
               noxious
               Humours
            
             or
             other
             substances
             )
             in
             the
             Humane
             Body
             ,
             should
             be
             near
             so
             great
             as
             that
             of
             the
             Diseases
             't
             is
             obnoxious
             to
             ;
             and
             consequently
             ,
             that
             every
             Disease
             ,
             that
             has
             a
             distinct
             Name
             assign'd
             to
             it
             ,
             does
             not
             always
             require
             a
             distinct
             sort
             of
             
               Peccant
               Matter
            
             to
             produce
             it
             ;
             but
             that
             the
             same
             hurtful
             Humour
             ,
             or
             other
             Agent
             ,
             may
             produce
             sicknesses
             that
             pass
             for
             differing
             ones
             ,
             (
             and
             accordingly
             have
             distinct
             Denominations
             )
             only
             as
             the
             same
             
               Morbific
               Agents
            
             bad
             
             effects
             are
             diversify'd
             ,
             partly
             by
             its
             own
             greater
             or
             lesser
             quantity
             ,
             and
             more
             or
             less
             active
             Qualities
             ,
             and
             partly
             (
             and
             indeed
             chiefly
             )
             by
             the
             particular
             Natures
             ,
             or
             Structures
             and
             Situations
             ,
             of
             the
             parts
             that
             it
             invades
             .
             To
             this
             Opinion
             I
             have
             been
             led
             by
             divers
             Inducements
             ,
             that
             I
             shall
             not
             now
             stay
             to
             set
             down
             ;
             especially
             ,
             since
             the
             probability
             of
             it
             may
             be
             easily
             deduc'd
             ,
             from
             what
             frequently
             enough
             occurs
             among
             sick
             persons
             ,
             of
             the
             Metastases
             of
             Morbific
             Matters
             ;
             the
             same
             Acid
             or
             Sharp
             Humour
             ,
             for
             instance
             ,
             producing
             sometimes
             a
             Colic
             ,
             sometimes
             after
             that
             a
             Palsey
             ,
             sometimes
             a
             Cough
             ,
             sometimes
             a
             Flux
             of
             the
             Belly
             ,
             sometimes
             an
             Ophthalmi●
             ,
             sometimes
             a
             violent
             Head-ach
             ,
             sometimes
             Convulsions
             ,
             and
             sometimes
             other
             Distempers
             ;
             as
             the
             Peccant
             Humour
             ,
             or
             other
             Noxious
             Matter
             ,
             happens
             primarily
             to
             invade
             ,
             or
             afterwards
             to
             be
             translated
             to
             ,
             this
             or
             that
             particular
             part
             of
             the
             Body
             .
             And
             to
             the
             hitherto
             propos'd
             
             Notion
             't
             is
             very
             agreeable
             ,
             that
             one
             Remedy
             ,
             by
             being
             capable
             victoriously
             to
             oppugn
             one
             or
             two
             of
             the
             principal
             kinds
             of
             Morbific
             Matter
             ,
             may
             be
             able
             to
             cure
             differing
             Diseases
             ;
             especially
             if
             it
             be
             endow'd
             with
             any
             variety
             of
             active
             Vertues
             .
             And
             upon
             this
             ground
             I
             am
             apt
             to
             think
             ,
             that
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             skilfully
             Prepar'd
             and
             Administred
             ,
             may
             be
             a
             good
             Remedy
             in
             no
             small
             number
             of
             Internal
             Affections
             of
             the
             Humane
             Body
             .
             And
             indeed
             Volatile
             Alcalies
             in
             general
             ,
             have
             been
             in
             England
             so
             prosperously
             made
             use
             of
             in
             Physick
             ,
             since
             the
             year
             1656
             ,
             (
             about
             which
             time
             I
             had
             the
             good
             fortune
             to
             contribute
             so
             to
             introduce
             them
             ,
             as
             to
             bring
             them
             by
             degrees
             into
             request
             ,
             by
             divulging
             easy
             ways
             of
             making
             them
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             by
             declaring
             their
             Vertues
             )
             that
             I
             see
             small
             cause
             to
             doubt
             ,
             but
             that
             they
             will
             hereafter
             be
             more
             generally
             esteem'd
             and
             employ'd
             ,
             than
             yet
             they
             are
             ,
             and
             will
             little
             by
             little
             
             invite
             Physicians
             to
             prefer
             them
             to
             a
             great
             many
             vulgar
             Remedies
             ,
             that
             for
             want
             of
             better
             are
             yet
             in
             common
             use
             ,
             tho
             they
             clog
             or
             weaken
             the
             Patient
             ,
             and
             want
             divers
             advantageous
             Qualities
             that
             may
             be
             found
             in
             Volatile
             Alcalies
             .
             For
             (
             to
             apply
             what
             has
             been
             said
             to
             our
             present
             Subject
             ,
             as
             an
             instance
             that
             may
             serve
             for
             other
             Urinous
             Spirits
             )
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             is
             endowed
             with
             divers
             Qualities
             ,
             that
             are
             both
             Active
             and
             Medicinal
             .
             For
             it
             mortifies
             Acid
             Salts
             ,
             which
             are
             the
             causes
             of
             several
             Diseases
             ,
             and
             ,
             if
             I
             mistake
             not
             ,
             of
             some
             that
             are
             not
             wont
             to
             be
             imputed
             to
             them
             .
             It
             is
             a
             great
             Resolvent
             ,
             and
             on
             that
             score
             fit
             to
             open
             Obstructions
             ,
             that
             produce
             more
             than
             a
             few
             Diseases
             .
             It
             is
             both
             Diaphoretick
             and
             Diuretick
             ,
             and
             on
             both
             these
             accounts
             fit
             to
             assist
             Nature
             ,
             to
             discharge
             divers
             Noxious
             Salts
             ,
             and
             expel
             divers
             Contagious
             or
             Malignant
             Corpuscles
             that
             offend
             her
             .
             It
             resists
             Putrefaction
             and
             Coagulation
             of
             the
             
             Blood
             ,
             gives
             it
             a
             briskness
             and
             Spirituosity
             that
             promotes
             the
             free
             Circulation
             of
             the
             Blood
             ,
             to
             which
             it
             is
             Congeneal
             ;
             by
             which
             means
             (
             tho
             not
             perhaps
             by
             these
             only
             )
             it
             becomes
             a
             good
             Cordial
             ,
             and
             probably
             against
             some
             Poysons
             an
             Antidote
             .
             And
             ,
             which
             is
             none
             of
             the
             least
             ,
             nor
             least
             extensive
             ,
             Vertues
             ,
             it
             is
             very
             friendly
             to
             the
             
               Genus
               Nervosum
            
             ,
             and
             upon
             that
             account
             is
             like
             to
             be
             very
             proper
             in
             
               Fits
               of
               the
               ,
               Mother
            
             (
             as
             they
             are
             call'd
             ,
             )
             Convulsions
             ,
             some
             sorts
             of
             
               Head
               aches
               ,
               Palseys
            
             ,
             Incipient
             Apoplexies
             ,
             some
             sort
             of
             Asthmas
             ,
             &c.
             
             It
             is
             also
             Balsamical
             in
             some
             Circumstances
             ,
             and
             may
             have
             divers
             other
             Vertues
             that
             have
             not
             yet
             been
             observ'd
             .
             For
             a
             Medicine
             that
             does
             not
             weaken
             ,
             not
             cause
             great
             Evacuations
             ,
             nor
             clog
             the
             Stomach
             ,
             nor
             is
             blemish'd
             with
             the
             excess
             of
             any
             manifest
             Quality
             ,
             but
             has
             in
             it self
             a
             Complex
             of
             so
             many
             useful
             Powers
             ,
             may
             reasonably
             be
             suppos'd
             ,
             likely
             to
             be
             available
             in
             more
             than
             
             a
             few
             Diseases
             ;
             since
             a
             good
             part
             of
             those
             that
             Humane
             Bodies
             are
             lyable
             to
             ,
             may
             be
             powerfully
             oppugn'd
             by
             some
             of
             those
             excellent
             Qualities
             ,
             one
             or
             more
             ,
             whose
             Confluence
             may
             be
             found
             in
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood.
             
          
           
             I
             presume
             therefore
             that
             one
             may
             rationally
             propose
             it
             ,
             as
             likely
             to
             be
             a
             good
             Remedy
             in
             many
             Distempers
             ,
             especially
             wherein
             either
             Spirit
             of
             Urine
             ,
             or
             the
             Urinous
             Spirit
             of
             Sal-Armoniac
             ,
             have
             been
             found
             successful
             Medicines
             ;
             such
             as
             Hysterical
             Fits
             ,
             Pleurisies
             ,
             Coughs
             ,
             some
             Scorbutick
             Distempers
             ,
             Convulsions
             ,
             Apoplexies
             ,
             some
             kinds
             of
             Feavers
             ,
             Head-aches
             ,
             the
             Jaundise
             ,
             &c.
             
             But
             I
             formerly
             prepar'd
             you
             not
             to
             expect
             that
             I
             should
             say
             much
             of
             the
             Virtues
             of
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             (
             inwardly
             given
             ,
             )
             upon
             my
             own
             personal
             experience
             .
             And
             therefore
             I
             shall
             not
             scruple
             to
             tell
             you
             ,
             that
             Helmont
             himself
             ,
             as
             little
             as
             he
             is
             apt
             to
             praise
             other
             than
             his
             own
             
             or
             the
             Paracelsian
             Arcana
             ,
             more
             than
             once
             commends
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Cruor
             ,
             though
             that
             be
             in
             his
             sense
             of
             the
             Word
             ,
             
             not
             yet
             fully
             elaborated
             Humane
             Blood
             )
             against
             the
             Epilepsy
             ,
             which
             he
             says
             it
             will
             cure
             even
             in
             adult
             persons
             ,
             which
             is
             a
             Vertue
             he
             expresly
             denies
             to
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Urine
             .
             And
             a
             famous
             Writer
             about
             the
             Hermetick
             Physick
             (
             but
             ,
             if
             I
             mistake
             not
             ,
             better
             vers'd
             in
             divers
             other
             parts
             of
             Learning
             ,
             than
             in
             Chymical
             Arcana
             ,
             )
             tho
             he
             so
             far
             depretiates
             Spagyrical
             Preparations
             ,
             as
             to
             commend
             the
             Utility
             but
             of
             a
             very
             few
             of
             them
             ,
             is
             pleas'd
             to
             put
             the
             Distill'd
             Liquor
             of
             Blood
             into
             the
             number
             of
             those
             very
             few
             that
             he
             vouchsafes
             a
             good
             Character
             to
             .
          
           
             I
             am
             the
             more
             inclin'd
             to
             give
             Credit
             to
             these
             praises
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             because
             ,
             as
             I
             remember
             ,
             this
             was
             the
             Medicine
             that
             I
             made
             use
             of
             in
             the
             following
             Case
             .
             A
             young
             
             Lady
             ,
             in
             whose
             family
             the
             Consumption
             was
             an
             hereditary
             disease
             ,
             was
             molested
             with
             a
             Violent
             and
             Stubborn
             Cough
             ,
             that
             was
             judg'd
             consumptive
             ,
             and
             look'd
             upon
             by
             those
             that
             gave
             her
             Physick
             ,
             as
             not
             to
             be
             cured
             by
             any
             other
             way
             ,
             then
             a
             seasonable
             remove
             from
             London
             into
             the
             French
             Air
             ;
             but
             she
             was
             already
             so
             far
             gone
             and
             weakened
             ,
             and
             there
             remain'd
             so
             much
             of
             the
             Winter
             ,
             that
             't
             was
             judg'd
             she
             would
             die
             before
             the
             season
             would
             make
             it
             any
             way
             fit
             for
             her
             to
             undertake
             so
             long
             and
             troublesome
             a
             journey
             ;
             but
             if
             she
             could
             be
             kept
             alive
             till
             the
             end
             of
             the
             Spring
             ,
             there
             would
             be
             some
             hopes
             she
             might
             in
             France
             recover
             .
             On
             this
             occasion
             being
             solicited
             by
             some
             friends
             of
             hers
             and
             mine
             ,
             to
             try
             what
             I
             could
             do
             to
             preserve
             her
             ,
             I
             sent
             her
             some
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             very
             carefully
             prepar'd
             and
             rectify'd
             ,
             (
             to
             which
             I
             gave
             some
             name
             that
             I
             do
             not
             well
             remember
             ,
             )
             upon
             the
             use
             of
             which
             she
             manifestly
             
             mended
             ,
             notwithstanding
             the
             unfriendliness
             of
             the
             Season
             ;
             insomuch
             that
             about
             the
             end
             of
             February
             ,
             she
             had
             gain'd
             relief
             and
             strength
             enough
             to
             venture
             to
             cross
             the
             Seas
             ,
             and
             make
             a
             journey
             to
             Montpellier
             ,
             whence
             in
             Autumn
             she
             brought
             home
             good
             looks
             and
             recovery
             .
             If
             I
             much
             misremember
             not
             ,
             the
             same
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             made
             very
             pure
             and
             subtile
             by
             the
             help
             of
             a
             Lamp
             Furnace
             ,
             was
             the
             Medicine
             that
             I
             put
             into
             the
             Hands
             of
             an
             Ingenious
             and
             Successful
             Physician
             ,
             who
             complain'd
             to
             me
             that
             he
             had
             a
             Patient
             ,
             that
             had
             quite
             puzzled
             him
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             baffled
             the
             endeavours
             of
             other
             eminent
             Doctors
             ,
             whom
             the
             difficulty
             of
             the
             case
             had
             invited
             at
             several
             times
             to
             try
             their
             skill
             upon
             him
             .
             This
             man
             was
             frequently
             Obnoxious
             to
             such
             violent
             and
             tormenting
             fits
             of
             the
             Head-ach
             ,
             that
             he
             could
             not
             endure
             the
             light
             ,
             and
             was
             offended
             with
             almost
             every
             noise
             or
             motion
             that
             reach'd
             his
             Ears
             ;
             insomuch
             
             that
             he
             was
             forc'd
             to
             give
             over
             his
             Profession
             ,
             which
             was
             that
             of
             a
             Taylor
             :
             But
             upon
             the
             constant
             use
             of
             the
             before
             mentioned
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             (
             for
             the
             other
             Medicines
             he
             took
             were
             much
             inferior
             to
             it
             ,
             and
             had
             not
             before
             been
             available
             )
             he
             received
             such
             relief
             ,
             as
             made
             him
             with
             great
             joy
             and
             thankfulness
             return
             to
             the
             exercise
             of
             his
             Trade
             ,
             and
             the
             Physician
             ,
             to
             whom
             I
             gave
             the
             remedy
             for
             him
             ,
             told
             me
             one
             circumstance
             ,
             too
             considerable
             to
             be
             here
             omitted
             ▪
             Namely
             ,
             That
             the
             Patient
             having
             by
             our
             famous
             Harvey's
             advice
             ,
             been
             us'd
             to
             bleed
             once
             in
             two
             or
             three
             Months
             ,
             the
             Physician
             counsell'd
             him
             ,
             notwithstanding
             his
             recovery
             ,
             not
             abruptly
             to
             break
             off
             his
             ancient
             custom
             ,
             and
             the
             Patient
             thereupon
             sent
             for
             the
             same
             Chyrurgeon
             that
             had
             been
             formerly
             wont
             to
             let
             him
             Blood
             ,
             and
             to
             complain
             of
             the
             great
             badness
             of
             his
             Blood
             ;
             but
             when
             this
             Chyrurgeon
             who
             knew
             not
             what
             had
             been
             done
             to
             the
             Patient
             ,
             
             came
             to
             open
             a
             Vein
             again
             ,
             and
             perceived
             what
             kind
             of
             Blood
             it
             afforded
             ,
             he
             was
             so
             surpriz'd
             ,
             that
             he
             stop'd
             the
             operation
             ,
             and
             asked
             the
             man
             with
             wonder
             ,
             how
             he
             came
             by
             such
             Florid
             Blood
             ,
             adding
             ,
             that
             't
             was
             pitty
             to
             deprive
             him
             of
             so
             well
             conditioned
             a
             Liquor
             .
          
           
             The
             Medicinal
             Vertues
             hitherto
             mentioned
             belong
             to
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             as
             't
             is
             pure
             and
             simple
             :
             But
             't
             is
             not
             improbable
             that
             it
             may
             acquire
             other
             ,
             and
             perhaps
             nobler
             Faculties
             ;
             if
             it
             be
             dexterously
             corrected
             ,
             diversified
             ,
             or
             united
             with
             fit
             Ingredients
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             in
             a
             word
             ,
             skilfully
             altered
             or
             compounded
             .
          
           
             These
             things
             may
             be
             performed
             several
             ways
             .
             For
             they
             may
             be
             done
             either
             by
             uniting
             as
             well
             as
             one
             can
             ,
             by
             long
             digestion
             ,
             or
             frequent
             Cohobations
             ,
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             with
             the
             Oyls
             ,
             Salt
             ,
             and
             (
             if
             need
             be
             )
             Phlegm
             ,
             of
             the
             same
             Concrete
             ,
             into
             such
             a
             kind
             of
             Mixture
             as
             some
             Chymists
             call
             Clyssus
             .
          
           
           
             Or
             ,
             2.
             
             By
             uniting
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             with
             Acids
             ,
             as
             with
             Spirit
             of
             Nitre
             ,
             Spirit
             of
             Vinegar
             ,
             Spirit
             of
             Verdegrease
             ,
             Oyl
             of
             Vitriol
             ,
             &c.
             and
             employing
             these
             mixtures
             ,
             either
             in
             their
             Liquid
             form
             ,
             or
             reduced
             by
             Evaporation
             into
             Chrystals
             or
             other
             Salts
             ;
             and
             making
             use
             of
             these
             either
             as
             they
             are
             ,
             or
             after
             a
             kind
             of
             Analysis
             of
             them
             .
          
           
             Or
             ,
             3.
             
             By
             uniting
             our
             Spirit
             with
             Metalline
             Solutions
             ,
             as
             of
             Gold
             ,
             Silver
             ,
             Mercury
             ,
             and
             with
             solution
             of
             Minium
             made
             with
             Spirit
             of
             Vinegar
             ,
             by
             mixture
             of
             which
             Liquor
             with
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             and
             a
             slow
             Evaporation
             of
             them
             ,
             I
             remember
             I
             have
             had
             pretty
             store
             of
             finely
             figured
             Chrystals
             .
          
           
             Or
             ,
             4.
             
             By
             dissolving
             in
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             carefully
             Dephlegm'd
             Sulphur
             opened
             with
             Salt
             of
             Tartar.
             
          
           
             Or
             else
             ,
             By
             dissolving
             in
             it
             some
             Metalline
             Bodies
             ,
             as
             Copper
             ,
             Zink
             ,
             and
             Iron
             ,
             which
             last
             will
             afford
             a
             Martial
             Liquor
             ,
             that
             differing
             much
             
             from
             other
             preparations
             of
             Steel
             ,
             that
             are
             wont
             to
             be
             made
             with
             Acids
             ,
             may
             probably
             have
             some
             Vertues
             ,
             distinct
             from
             those
             of
             the
             known
             Remedies
             made
             of
             that
             Metal
             .
          
           
             But
             I
             cannot
             stay
             to
             enumerate
             the
             several
             ways
             whereby
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             may
             be
             made
             serviceable
             to
             the
             Medicinal
             Art.
             Yet
             one
             Preparation
             there
             is
             ,
             which
             tho
             I
             have
             already
             taken
             notice
             of
             in
             the
             foregoing
             Title
             ,
             and
             therefore
             can
             scarce
             mention
             without
             some
             repetition
             ,
             yet
             I
             think
             I
             ought
             not
             to
             pre●ermit
             it
             on
             this
             occasion
             ;
             partly
             because
             whereas
             it
             was
             formerly
             propos'd
             with
             respect
             only
             to
             the
             outward
             uses
             of
             it
             ,
             I
             shall
             now
             consider
             it
             with
             reference
             to
             the
             inward
             ;
             and
             partly
             because
             by
             this
             way
             of
             proceeding
             we
             may
             at
             once
             correct
             ,
             diversifie
             and
             compound
             our
             Spirit
             of
             Blood.
             
          
           
             This
             Operation
             may
             be
             perform'd
             two
             ways
             ,
             whereof
             the
             former
             is
             more
             simple
             than
             the
             latter
             .
             The
             
             first
             is
             ,
             to
             add
             to
             well
             Rectify'd
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             ,
             a
             double
             weight
             ,
             or
             about
             an
             equal
             one
             ,
             (
             as
             the
             Liquors
             ,
             especially
             the
             Volatile
             Alcaly
             ,
             are
             more
             or
             less
             strong
             )
             of
             Alcohole
             of
             Wine
             .
             For
             these
             Liquors
             being
             well
             shaken
             together
             ,
             will
             in
             very
             great
             part
             coagulate
             into
             Salt
             ,
             which
             with
             a
             very
             gentle
             heat
             will
             sublime
             in
             a
             dry
             form
             ,
             +
             in
             which
             I
             found
             it
             to
             have
             lost
             almost
             all
             its
             offensive
             smell
             .
             And
             tho
             against
             this
             way
             of
             proceeding
             I
             know
             it
             may
             be
             objected
             ,
             (
             as
             was
             formerly
             intimated
             )
             that
             the
             efficacy
             of
             the
             Medicine
             may
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             the
             Urinous
             smell
             ,
             be
             much
             weakned
             by
             this
             Preparation
             ;
             yet
             I
             found
             this
             Salt
             to
             retain
             a
             considerable
             degree
             of
             Quickness
             and
             Penetrancy
             ,
             which
             its
             Volatility
             kept
             me
             from
             thinking
             strange
             .
             And
             experience
             has
             perswaded
             me
             ,
             that
             divers
             of
             these
             compounded
             ,
             or
             ,
             if
             I
             may
             so
             stile
             them
             ,
             
               Resulting
               Salts
            
             ,
             (
             which
             some
             Chymists
             call
             
               Salia
               Enixa
            
             ,
             for
             all
             agree
             
             not
             in
             the
             Sense
             of
             that
             name
             )
             tho
             they
             seem
             to
             have
             their
             Activity
             clog'd
             ,
             may
             have
             considerable
             operations
             both
             in
             Chymistry
             and
             Physick
             .
             And
             why
             the
             Emergent
             Salt
             we
             speak
             of
             ,
             may
             not
             be
             of
             that
             number
             ,
             I
             see
             no
             sufficient
             cause
             ;
             (
             N.
             B.
             )
             especially
             since
             such
             a
             kind
             of
             Mixture
             ,
             tho
             made
             with
             another
             Urinous
             Spirit
             ,
             has
             had
             such
             effects
             in
             Feavers
             ,
             as
             I
             thought
             extraordinary
             .
             Nor
             is
             the
             Liquor
             that
             our
             Compounded
             Salt
             leaves
             behind
             ,
             to
             be
             thrown
             away
             :
             since
             if
             it
             be
             Dephlegmed
             ,
             it
             may
             afford
             a
             not
             Despicable
             Liquor
             ,
             both
             for
             Medical
             and
             Mechanical
             uses
             ,
             of
             which
             it
             may
             here
             suffice
             to
             have
             given
             you
             in
             general
             this
             hint
             .
          
           
             And
             if
             the
             more
             simple
             way
             of
             altering
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             be
             carry'd
             on
             a
             little
             further
             ,
             by
             dissolving
             in
             the
             Alcohole
             of
             Wine
             ,
             before
             the
             conjunction
             of
             the
             two
             Spirits
             be
             made
             ,
             a
             convenient
             proportion
             (
             as
             perhaps
             a
             Twentyeth
             or
             
             Twenty-fourth
             part
             )
             of
             an
             Essential
             Chymical
             Oyl
             ,
             as
             of
             Cloves
             ,
             Anise-seeds
             ,
             Marjoram
             ,
             &c.
             the
             Volatile
             Salt
             that
             will
             be
             sublim'd
             from
             this
             Mixture
             ,
             will
             not
             only
             be
             depriv'd
             of
             its
             stink
             ,
             but
             endow'd
             with
             the
             smell
             and
             the
             Relish
             of
             the
             Oyl
             ;
             which
             by
             being
             thus
             united
             with
             a
             Salt
             very
             subtile
             and
             friendly
             to
             nature
             ,
             will
             less
             overpower
             and
             offend
             the
             Brain
             and
             Stomach
             ,
             than
             meer
             Chymical
             Oyls
             are
             wont
             to
             do
             ;
             and
             being
             associated
             with
             such
             Agile
             and
             penetrating
             Corpuscles
             ,
             will
             with
             them
             gain
             admission
             into
             the
             more
             inward
             Recesses
             of
             the
             Body
             ,
             and
             there
             exercise
             the
             Vertues
             that
             belong
             to
             the
             Vegetables
             that
             afforded
             the
             Oyls
             ,
             or
             at
             least
             to
             the
             Oyls
             themselves
             .
             In
             these
             odoriferous
             Aromatick
             Mixtures
             the
             Oleaginous
             Particles
             are
             ,
             by
             the
             intervention
             of
             the
             Saline
             ones
             ,
             brought
             to
             mix
             readily
             with
             other
             Liquors
             ,
             and
             even
             with
             Aqueous
             Vehicles
             ,
             and
             to
             continue
             long
             enough
             mix'd
             ,
             for
             the
             
             Patient
             to
             take
             them
             commodiously
             .
             And
             thus
             by
             this
             one
             method
             there
             may
             be
             a
             multitude
             of
             
               Salia
               Volatilia
               Oleosa
            
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             of
             pleasing
             ,
             subtile
             and
             efficacious
             Remedies
             for
             inward
             uses
             ,
             prepar'd
             ,
             even
             as
             many
             as
             the
             Physician
             or
             Chymist
             shall
             please
             to
             make
             Essential
             Oyls
             ,
             (
             or
             others
             that
             will
             dissolve
             in
             Alcohole
             of
             Wine
             ;
             )
             and
             if
             these
             be
             drawn
             from
             Cephalick
             Plants
             ,
             as
             Marjoram
             ,
             Rosemary
             ,
             Lavender
             ,
             &c.
             or
             from
             Cephalick
             Spices
             ,
             as
             Nutmegs
             ,
             Cinnamon
             ,
             &c.
             they
             will
             probably
             afford
             very
             brisk
             and
             grateful
             Medicines
             to
             relieve
             and
             comfort
             the
             Brain
             and
             Spirits
             ;
             as
             they
             may
             the
             Heart
             ,
             Liver
             ,
             and
             other
             Viscera
             ,
             if
             in
             the
             sublimation
             the
             Saline
             Particles
             of
             Blood
             be
             associated
             with
             those
             of
             Oyls
             ,
             drawn
             from
             Vegetables
             whose
             Vertues
             do
             peculiarly
             respect
             those
             parts
             .
          
           
             Other
             ways
             might
             be
             here
             propos'd
             of
             making
             Remedies
             ,
             whereof
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             should
             be
             the
             main
             ingredient
             .
             But
             I
             willingly
             
             leave
             that
             work
             to
             your self
             ,
             and
             those
             of
             your
             profession
             ,
             if
             you
             think
             fit
             to
             prosecute
             it
             ;
             since
             my
             present
             task
             does
             not
             require
             that
             I
             should
             write
             like
             what
             I
             am
             not
             ,
             a
             profess'd
             Physician
             ,
             but
             like
             what
             I
             endeavour
             to
             be
             ,
             a
             Diligent
             Natural
             Historian
             .
             And
             for
             the
             same
             reason
             I
             purposely
             forbear
             ,
             to
             insert
             here
             some
             Chymical
             processes
             that
             I
             have
             met
             with
             of
             Remedies
             that
             admit
             of
             Distill'd
             Blood
             ,
             tho
             I
             have
             also
             declin'd
             the
             mention
             of
             them
             for
             two
             other
             Reasons
             ,
             one
             ,
             that
             the
             Authors
             do
             not
             recommend
             them
             upon
             their
             own
             Experience
             ,
             and
             the
             other
             ,
             that
             these
             Medicines
             being
             much
             ,
             more
             compounded
             than
             those
             I
             lately
             propos'd
             ,
             wherein
             our
             Spirit
             is
             mingled
             but
             with
             some
             one
             Chymical
             Oyl
             or
             other
             ,
             diluted
             with
             Alcohole
             of
             Wine
             ;
             their
             preparations
             are
             less
             fit
             for
             my
             Design
             ;
             which
             leads
             me
             to
             consider
             the
             Effects
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             upon
             Patients
             ,
             less
             as
             they
             are
             Sanative
             ,
             than
             as
             they
             are
             Signs
             
             of
             Qualities
             ,
             whose
             knowledge
             tends
             to
             the
             discovery
             of
             the
             Nature
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             and
             so
             of
             that
             of
             Blood
             it self
             .
          
           
             And
             this
             ,
             Sir
             ,
             it
             may
             suffice
             to
             have
             at
             present
             set
             down
             ,
             touching
             the
             
               History
               of
               the
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
            
             ;
             of
             which
             ,
             and
             of
             the
             other
             parts
             constituting
             that
             Red
             Body
             ,
             or
             obtainable
             from
             it
             ,
             I
             might
             have
             given
             you
             a
             far
             less
             incomplete
             Account
             ,
             if
             I
             had
             had
             more
             leisure
             ;
             and
             if
             ,
             for
             want
             of
             Materials
             to
             make
             Experiments
             upon
             the
             entire
             Liquor
             ,
             and
             the
             Concreted
             and
             Serous
             Parts
             of
             it
             distinctly
             ,
             and
             especially
             to
             afford
             a
             sufficient
             quantity
             of
             the
             Spirit
             ,
             I
             had
             not
             been
             so
             straitned
             that
             I
             was
             fain
             to
             leave
             many
             things
             untry'd
             ,
             and
             to
             try
             some
             others
             in
             much
             less
             quantities
             ,
             and
             much
             more
             unaccurately
             than
             otherwise
             should
             have
             been
             done
             by
             ,
          
           
             
               Sir
               ,
            
             
               your
               ,
               &c.
               
            
          
        
      
       
         
         
           AN
           APPENDIX
           TO
           THE
           MEMOIRS
           FOR
           THE
           HISTORY
           OF
           Humane
           Blood.
           
        
         
           HAving
           elsewhere
           mentioned
           the
           Reasons
           that
           mov'd
           me
           to
           think
           it
           fit
           to
           subjoyn
           an
           Appendix
           to
           each
           of
           the
           Natural
           Histories
           ,
           that
           I
           drew
           up
           ,
           or
           design'd
           ,
           of
           particular
           Subjects
           ;
           it
           would
           be
           needless
           
           to
           trouble
           you
           with
           them
           in
           this
           place
           ,
           where
           it
           may
           therefore
           suffice
           to
           advertise
           you
           ,
           that
           the
           following
           Particulars
           I
           have
           thrown
           together
           as
           they
           occur'd
           to
           me
           ,
           to
           be
           annexed
           to
           the
           foregoing
           History
           of
           Humane
           Blood
           ,
           are
           made
           up
           of
           two
           sorts
           :
           Some
           which
           through
           haste
           or
           otherwise
           were
           Praetermitted
           ,
           when
           they
           should
           have
           been
           rang'd
           under
           one
           or
           other
           of
           the
           foregoing
           Titles
           ,
           and
           so
           are
           answerable
           to
           those
           ,
           that
           in
           the
           First
           Part
           of
           these
           Memoirs
           were
           call'd
           Paralipomena
           ;
           and
           others
           that
           are
           for
           the
           most
           part
           of
           kin
           to
           those
           ,
           that
           are
           there
           stil'd
           Addenda
           ;
           tho
           some
           of
           them
           may
           be
           judg'd
           to
           deserve
           better
           the
           name
           of
           Supernumerary
           ,
           which
           yet
           I
           thought
           fit
           to
           let
           pass
           among
           the
           rest
           ,
           because
           ,
           tho
           they
           do
           not
           directly
           belong
           to
           any
           of
           the
           distinct
           Titles
           of
           our
           History
           ,
           yet
           they
           may
           obliquely
           be
           refer'd
           to
           one
           or
           other
           of
           them
           ,
           or
           are
           at
           least
           capable
           of
           being
           made
           some
           way
           subservient
           
           to
           the
           general
           Design
           of
           the
           History
           it self
           .
           But
           the
           paucity
           of
           the
           particulars
           that
           I
           am
           at
           present
           furnished
           with
           ,
           makes
           me
           fear
           it
           may
           favour
           of
           Ostentation
           ,
           if
           in
           so
           much
           penury
           of
           matter
           I
           should
           curiously
           refer
           the
           Particulars
           that
           now
           occur
           to
           me
           to
           the
           differing
           Titles
           ,
           Primary
           and
           Subordinate
           ,
           that
           have
           been
           enumerated
           in
           the
           Schemes
           of
           our
           intended
           Histories
           .
           And
           therefore
           ,
           till
           I
           be
           better
           stock'd
           with
           materials
           ,
           I
           shall
           forbear
           to
           make
           Scrupulous
           References
           of
           them
           ,
           or
           so
           much
           as
           constantly
           distinguish
           the
           Paralipomena
           ,
           from
           the
           other
           Addenda
           ▪
           contenting
           my self
           to
           refer
           some
           of
           them
           in
           a
           general
           way
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           order
           they
           Chance
           to
           come
           to
           hand
           ,
           to
           that
           part
           of
           the
           Memoirs
           ,
           whether
           the
           Second
           ,
           the
           Third
           ,
           or
           the
           Fourth
           ,
           to
           which
           they
           respectively
           seem
           most
           to
           belong
           .
        
         
           'T
           is
           hop'd
           that
           neither
           Connection
           nor
           style
           will
           be
           expected
           ,
           in
           loose
           Notes
           hastily
           set
           down
           at
           several
           
           times
           ,
           to
           secure
           the
           Matters
           of
           fact
           ,
           then
           fresh
           in
           Memory
           ,
           from
           being
           ,
           as
           to
           any
           necessary
           Circumstances
           ,
           forgotten
           .
        
         
           Some
           Tryals
           may
           seem
           to
           have
           been
           made
           extravagantly
           and
           quite
           at
           random
           ,
           which
           perhaps
           would
           be
           otherwise
           thought
           of
           ,
           but
           that
           I
           judg'd
           it
           not
           worth
           while
           ,
           especially
           writing
           in
           haste
           ,
           to
           spend
           time
           in
           setting
           down
           the
           Inducements
           I
           had
           to
           make
           them
           ,
           or
           the
           Aims
           I
           had
           in
           them
           .
        
         
           I
           am
           well
           aware
           ,
           that
           some
           few
           of
           the
           following
           Tryals
           may
           seem
           but
           Repetitions
           of
           others
           ,
           recited
           in
           the
           Body
           of
           the
           History
           .
           But
           these
           were
           added
           on
           purpose
           ,
           that
           where
           the
           Event
           of
           both
           Tryals
           was
           the
           same
           ,
           they
           might
           confirm
           one
           another
           ,
           which
           ,
           where
           the
           subject
           has
           lain
           uncultivated
           ,
           is
           oftentimes
           a
           desireable
           thing
           ;
           and
           where
           they
           disagree
           in
           any
           considerable
           Circumstances
           ,
           their
           Difference
           may
           occasion
           further
           Tryals
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           
           mean
           time
           keep
           us
           from
           building
           Dogmatical
           Conclusions
           upon
           the
           Circumstances
           wherein
           they
           differ
           .
        
         
           
             Particulars
             referable
             to
             the
             Second
             Part
             of
             the
             History
             .
          
           
             
               Experiment
               .
               I.
               
            
             
               THe
               Proportion
               of
               the
               substances
               obtainable
               from
               dry'd
               Humane
               Blood
               ,
               being
               as
               I
               formerly
               noted
               ,
               very
               difficult
               ,
               to
               be
               determin'd
               ,
               because
               of
               that
               Difficulty
               ,
               and
               the
               Importance
               of
               the
               Inquiry
               ,
               I
               thought
               fit
               to
               employ
               some
               Blood
               ,
               that
               I
               made
               a
               shift
               to
               collect
               since
               the
               writing
               of
               the
               Second
               Part
               of
               the
               foregoing
               History
               ,
               in
               making
               another
               Experiment
               ,
               that
               we
               may
               make
               the
               nearer
               and
               safer
               estimate
               ,
               of
               the
               Quantities
               of
               the
               distinct
               substances
               sought
               after
               .
               For
               this
               end
               I
               caus'd
               
               Twelve
               Ounces
               of
               dry'd
               Blood
               to
               be
               carefully
               distill'd
               by
               an
               expert
               Laborant
               ,
               well
               admonished
               of
               the
               Difficulty
               of
               his
               Task
               ,
               and
               the
               exactness
               he
               was
               to
               aim
               at
               in
               performing
               it
               .
               The
               Distillation
               being
               ended
               ,
               the
               substances
               obtain'd
               were
               brought
               me
               ,
               with
               this
               note
               of
               their
               Quantities
               .
               Twelve
               Ounces
               of
               dry'd
               Humane
               Blood
               yielded
               ,
               of
               Volatile
               Salt
               and
               Spirit
               together
               five
               Ounces
               ,
               of
               which
               we
               pour'd
               off
               from
               the
               wet
               Salt
               ʒxiij+
               .
               54.
               gr
               .
               So
               that
               their
               remain'd
               ℥
               xiij+
               .
               ʒij+
               .
               6.
               gr
               .
               Of
               Volatile
               Salt
               ;
               of
               foetid
               Oyl
               there
               were
               two
               Ounces
               ,
               of
               
                 Caput
                 Mortuum
              
               four
               Ounces
               ,
               and
               two
               Drams
               .
               So
               that
               in
               spite
               of
               all
               his
               care
               there
               was
               lost
               ,
               by
               sticking
               to
               the
               Retorts
               and
               other
               Glasses
               (
               which
               I
               presum'd
               ,
               retain'd
               little
               else
               than
               the
               more
               viscous
               Oyl
               and
               phlegm
               ,
               )
               and
               by
               avolation
               of
               some
               more
               subtil
               parts
               (
               especially
               upon
               pouring
               the
               Liquors
               from
               Vessel
               to
               Vessel
               ,
               )
               about
               Six
               Drams
               .
               The
               four
               Ounces
               and
               two
               Drams
               
               of
               
                 Caput
                 Mortuum
              
               being
               diligently
               calcin'd
               ,
               afforded
               but
               Six
               Drams
               and
               a
               half
               of
               Ashes
               :
               Of
               which
               very
               great
               Decrement
               ,
               the
               Accension
               and
               Consumption
               of
               the
               more
               fixed
               Oleaginous
               Part
               seems
               to
               be
               the
               cause
               .
               And
               if
               it
               be
               so
               ,
               we
               may
               suppose
               ,
               that
               there
               is
               a
               far
               greater
               portion
               of
               Oyl
               ,
               in
               Humane
               Blood
               ,
               than
               has
               been
               hitherto
               taken
               notice
               of
               .
               These
               Ashes
               were
               not
               white
               or
               Gray
               ,
               as
               those
               of
               other
               Bodies
               use
               to
               be
               ,
               but
               of
               a
               Reddish
               Colour
               ,
               much
               like
               that
               of
               Bricks
               ;
               and
               yet
               the
               watchful
               Laborant
               affirm'd
               ,
               he
               could
               easily
               know
               them
               to
               be
               true
               Ashes
               ,
               because
               that
               whilst
               there
               remain'd
               any
               thing
               Oily
               or
               Combustible
               in
               the
               
                 Caput
                 Mortuum
              
               ,
               it
               would
               look
               like
               a
               throughly
               kindled
               Charcoal
               (
               which
               it
               would
               continue
               to
               do
               far
               longer
               ,
               than
               one
               would
               expect
               :
               )
               But
               when
               that
               Combustible
               substance
               was
               quite
               wasted
               ,
               the
               remaining
               
                 Caput
                 Mortuum
              
               would
               look
               in
               the
               fire
               like
               dead
               and
               ordinary
               Ashes
               ,
               tho
               ,
               when
               they
               
               were
               Cold
               ,
               they
               appear'd
               and
               continued
               Red.
               These
               Ashes
               being
               carefully
               Elixiviated
               ,
               afforded
               five
               Scruples
               of
               White-fixt
               Salt
               ,
               besides
               a
               little
               ,
               which
               being
               casually
               got
               into
               the
               Contiguous
               sand
               ,
               and
               thence
               recover'd
               by
               water
               ,
               and
               reduc'd
               to
               the
               like
               White
               Salt
               ,
               amounted
               to
               about
               a
               Scruple
               more
               .
               So
               that
               their
               remained
               for
               the
               
                 Terra
                 damnata
              
               Fourteen
               Scruples
               &
               about
               a
               half
               ,
               that
               is
               ,
               a
               good
               deal
               above
               twice
               the
               weight
               of
               the
               Salt
               ,
               whence
               it
               appears
               ,
               that
               according
               to
               this
               Analysis
               ,
               the
               pure
               fixt
               Salt
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               is
               but
               between
               the
               57th
               and
               58th
               part
               even
               of
               dry'd
               Blood
               ,
               and
               therefore
               probably
               amounts
               but
               to
               the
               150th
               or
               perhaps
               the
               170th
               part
               (
               in
               weight
               )
               of
               Blood
               ,
               as
               it
               flows
               from
               the
               Vein
               opened
               by
               a
               lancet
               :
               and
               the
               Fixt
               Earth
               or
               
                 Terra
                 damnata
              
               ,
               is
               to
               the
               dry'd
               Blood
               that
               affords
               it
               ,
               as
               19.
               and
               about
               a
               half
               to
               1.
               
            
          
           
             
             
               Experiment
               II.
               
            
             
               IN
               regard
               the
               foregoing
               Experiment
               ,
               and
               another
               of
               the
               like
               nature
               formerly
               mentioned
               were
               made
               with
               dried
               and
               pulverable
               Blood
               of
               several
               Persons
               put
               together
               ,
               though
               I
               knew
               it
               would
               be
               scarce
               possible
               ,
               in
               so
               small
               a
               quantity
               of
               Blood
               ,
               as
               I
               could
               obtain
               at
               once
               from
               one
               Person
               ,
               to
               find
               out
               with
               any
               accurateness
               ,
               the
               quantities
               of
               the
               several
               substances
               ,
               it
               was
               capable
               of
               affording
               ;
               yet
               ,
               to
               be
               able
               to
               make
               some
               tolerable
               estimate
               grounded
               upon
               experience
               ,
               I
               was
               invited
               to
               make
               a
               tryal
               ,
               whose
               success
               ,
               though
               in
               one
               part
               of
               it
               unlucky
               ,
               was
               registred
               as
               follows
               .
            
             
               An
               entire
               parcel
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               weighing
               ten
               ounces
               and
               73
               gr
               .
               being
               slowly
               distilled
               to
               dryness
               in
               a
               Head
               and
               Body
               on
               a
               digestive
               Furnace
               ,
               
               afforded
               of
               phlegmatick
               Liquor
               ℥
               vij+
               .
               ʒij+
               .
               47.
               gr
               .
               and
               of
               
                 Caput
                 Mortuum
              
               ,
               or
               rather
               of
               dry
               substance
               ℥
               ij+
               .
               ʒij
               .
               This
               pulverable
               matter
               being
               beaten
               and
               put
               into
               a
               Retort
               ,
               and
               distill'd
               in
               sand
               by
               degrees
               of
               Fire
               afforded
               ʒij+
               .
               48.
               gr
               .
               of
               Oyl
               .
               But
               there
               happen'd
               an
               unlucky
               mistake
               about
               the
               Salt
               and
               Spirit
               :
               for
               after
               the
               latter
               was
               poured
               off
               ,
               which
               weighed
               but
               48.
               gr
               .
               the
               wet
               Salt
               which
               stuck
               in
               good
               quantity
               to
               the
               lateral
               and
               upper
               parts
               of
               the
               Receiver
               ,
               instead
               of
               haveing
               been
               wash'd
               out
               ,
               as
               it
               should
               have
               been
               ,
               with
               the
               phlegm
               of
               the
               same
               Blood
               ,
               was
               wash'd
               out
               with
               distill'd
               water
               ,
               whence
               we
               obtained
               by
               sublimation
               into
               the
               neck
               of
               a
               glass
               Egg
               ,
               ʒj+
               .
               5.
               gr
               .
               of
               dry
               Salt.
               But
               by
               the
               tast
               of
               the
               distill'd
               Water
               whence
               it
               was
               sublim'd
               ,
               it
               appear'd
               that
               all
               the
               Salt
               had
               not
               been
               raised
               :
               which
               invited
               me
               to
               put
               to
               it
               as
               much
               good
               Spirit
               of
               Salt
               as
               I
               supposed
               to
               be
               at
               least
               sufficient
               to
               satiate
               it
               ,
               with
               
               design
               to
               try
               ,
               whether
               by
               evaporating
               this
               Mixture
               to
               dryness
               ,
               and
               subliming
               Salt
               by
               the
               help
               of
               an
               Alcaly
               ,
               we
               might
               not
               recover
               all
               ,
               or
               almost
               all
               ,
               the
               Volatile
               Salt
               ,
               that
               had
               been
               somewhat
               fix'd
               by
               the
               Acid
               Spirit
               .
            
             
               The
               Retort
               being
               cut
               ,
               that
               the
               
                 Caput
                 Mortuum
              
               might
               be
               taken
               out
               ,
               it
               was
               found
               to
               weigh
               ʒvj+
               .
               12.
               gr
               .
               which
               being
               carefully
               calcined
               yielded
               but
               two
               Scruples
               and
               four
               grains
               of
               Ashes
               ,
               which
               the
               Laborant
               said
               were
               Red.
               These
               being
               Elixiviated
               ,
               afforded
               eighteen
               grains
               of
               Salt
               ,
               besides
               the
               remaining
               Earth
               or
               Terrestrial
               substance
               ,
               which
               ,
               I
               keep
               by
               me
               ,
               because
               ,
               notwithstanding
               all
               the
               violence
               of
               fire
               it
               has
               undergone
               ,
               't
               is
               of
               a
               Red
               Colour
               ,
               which
               seems
               to
               some
               to
               have
               an
               Eye
               of
               Purple
               in
               it
               .
            
          
        
         
           
           
             Experiments
             belonging
             to
             the
             Primary
             Title
             of
             the
             Natural
             ,
             History
             of
             Humane
             Blood.
             
          
           
             
               Experiment
               III.
               
            
             
               SPirit
               of
               Vinegar
               being
               put
               upon
               the
               florid
               Superficies
               of
               a
               parcel
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               ,
               did
               very
               quickly
               deprive
               it
               of
               its
               fresh
               Scarlet
               Colour
               ,
               and
               make
               it
               of
               a
               dark
               or
               dirty
               Colour
               .
            
          
           
             
               Experiment
               IV.
               
            
             
               THe
               Juice
               of
               a
               Lemmon
               squeez'd
               upon
               the
               Florid
               Surface
               of
               Blood
               ,
               did
               presently
               somewhat
               impair
               the
               colour
               ,
               but
               did
               not
               appear
               to
               alter
               it
               any
               thing
               near
               so
               much
               ,
               as
               the
               Spirit
               of
               Vinegar
               had
               done
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               Experiment
               V.
               
            
             
               JUice
               of
               Orange
               chang'd
               the
               Colour
               of
               the
               Florid
               Surface
               of
               Blood
               ,
               less
               than
               Juice
               of
               Lemmons
               had
               done
               .
            
          
           
             
               Experiment
               VI.
               
            
             
               THe
               Black
               or
               lower
               part
               of
               a
               Portion
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               being
               turn'd
               uppermost
               ,
               and
               thereby
               expos'd
               to
               the
               Air
               ,
               within
               half
               or
               three
               quarters
               of
               an
               hour
               ,
               (
               somewhat
               more
               or
               less
               )
               acquired
               by
               the
               Contact
               of
               it
               ,
               a
               pleasant
               and
               florid
               colour
               .
            
          
           
             
               Experiment
               VII
               .
            
             
               BUt
               if
               upon
               the
               Black
               Surface
               of
               the
               Blood
               some
               good
               Urinous
               
               Spirit
               (
               as
               that
               of
               Sal-Armoniack
               )
               were
               dropt
               ,
               there
               would
               be
               an
               alteration
               produced
               in
               a
               trice
               ,
               and
               a
               pleasant
               Red
               colour
               ,
               tho
               perhaps
               somewhat
               inferiour
               to
               that
               produc'd
               by
               the
               contact
               of
               the
               Air
               ,
               would
               presently
               appear
               on
               the
               Surface
               of
               the
               Blood.
               
            
          
           
             
               Experiment
               VIII
               .
            
             
               FIxt
               Alcalies
               ,
               or
               Lixiviate
               Salts
               resolv'd
               
                 Per
                 deliquium
              
               ,
               did
               likewise
               alter
               the
               Black
               Superficies
               of
               the
               Blood
               to
               a
               Red
               colour
               ,
               but
               not
               so
               Florid
               or
               Pleasant
               ,
               as
               that
               produced
               by
               the
               Urinous
               Spirit
               above
               mentioned
               .
            
          
           
             
               Experiment
               IX
               .
            
             
               THe
               freshly
               drawn
               Juice
               of
               the
               Leaves
               of
               Scurvygrass
               ,
               being
               
               dropt
               upon
               the
               Black
               Superficies
               of
               a
               lump
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               ,
               seemed
               presently
               to
               make
               some
               change
               in
               the
               colour
               of
               it
               ,
               making
               us
               judge
               it
               somewhat
               Reddish
               and
               inclinable
               to
               Floridness
               .
            
             
               The
               seven
               foregoing
               Notes
               suppose
               it
               to
               be
               already
               known
               ,
               that
               when
               healthy
               Blood
               is
               suffered
               to
               settle
               in
               a
               Porringer
               ,
               that
               Surface
               of
               the
               Concreted
               Part
               ,
               which
               is
               expos'd
               to
               the
               Air
               ,
               will
               be
               adorned
               with
               a
               fine
               Red
               colour
               ,
               and
               if
               the
               same
               Mass
               be
               turned
               upside
               down
               ,
               that
               which
               before
               was
               the
               lower
               Surface
               of
               it
               ,
               will
               appear
               of
               a
               very
               dark
               and
               blackish
               colour
               .
            
          
           
             
               Experiment
               X.
               
            
             
               HAving
               for
               tryals
               sake
               almost
               filled
               a
               Vial
               capable
               of
               containing
               by
               guess
               near
               a
               pound
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               ,
               with
               a
               mixture
               of
               
               that
               Liquor
               ,
               and
               some
               rectify'd
               Spirit
               of
               Wine
               ,
               whose
               proportion
               I
               cannot
               remember
               ,
               but
               guess
               it
               was
               a
               fourth
               ,
               or
               eighth
               part
               :
               At
               the
               end
               of
               above
               three
               years
               ,
               looking
               upon
               the
               same
               Glass
               ,
               stop'd
               with
               nothing
               but
               a
               Cork
               ,
               we
               found
               it
               coagulated
               ,
               or
               ,
               to
               speak
               more
               warily
               in
               a
               consistent
               form
               .
               And
               the
               Vessel
               being
               unstop'd
               ,
               there
               appeared
               no
               sign
               of
               Putrefaction
               in
               the
               Blood
               ;
               and
               having
               smelt
               to
               it
               ,
               we
               could
               not
               perceive
               that
               it
               did
               at
               all
               stink
               :
               So
               Balsamick
               a
               Vertue
               has
               Dephlegmed
               Spirit
               of
               Wine
               ,
               to
               preserve
               Humane
               Blood.
               
            
          
           
             
               Experiment
               XI
               .
            
             
               WE
               took
               a
               piece
               of
               Fibrous
               or
               Concreted
               Blood
               ,
               of
               the
               bigness
               of
               a
               large
               Bean
               (
               or
               thereabouts
               )
               and
               having
               put
               it
               into
               a
               small
               Glass
               Vessel
               with
               a
               flattish
               bottom
               ,
               
               we
               poured
               on
               it
               as
               much
               highly
               rectify'd
               ▪
               Vinous
               Spirit
               ,
               as
               might
               serve
               to
               cover
               it
               ,
               tho
               it
               had
               been
               twice
               thicker
               than
               it
               was
               ;
               then
               we
               lightly
               cover'd
               this
               Open-mouth'd
               glass
               with
               another
               ,
               and
               set
               the
               Vessel
               in
               a
               quiet
               place
               ,
               that
               the
               Vinous
               Spirit
               might
               have
               leisure
               to
               imbibe
               the
               serous
               or
               aqueous
               parts
               of
               the
               Blood
               ,
               and
               thereby
               harden
               that
               yet
               soft
               substance
               ;
               and
               in
               effect
               it
               quickly
               seemed
               to
               have
               gain'd
               a
               superficial
               Crust
               ,
               but
               the
               internal
               parts
               continuing
               yet
               soft
               ,
               we
               left
               the
               Liquor
               upon
               the
               Blood
               for
               a
               day
               or
               two
               longer
               ,
               and
               then
               we
               found
               ,
               that
               the
               action
               of
               the
               Liquor
               had
               quite
               penetrated
               the
               lump
               of
               Blood
               ,
               and
               made
               it
               moderately
               hard
               and
               friable
               .
            
             
               This
               Experiment
               ,
               having
               been
               made
               in
               the
               cold
               ,
               may
               much
               confirm
               a
               Tryal
               elsewhere
               mentioned
               ,
               to
               have
               been
               made
               to
               the
               same
               purpose
               ;
               and
               both
               of
               them
               together
               induc'd
               me
               to
               fear
               that
               two
               or
               three
               
               ingenious
               Writers
               ,
               that
               in
               their
               Chymical
               Receipts
               prescribe
               Solutions
               and
               Tinctures
               of
               Concreted
               Blood
               in
               Spirit
               of
               Wine
               ,
               have
               set
               down
               the
               Pompous
               Processes
               wherein
               these
               Operations
               are
               prescrib'd
               ,
               rather
               according
               to
               Conjectures
               than
               Experience
               .
            
          
           
             
               Experiment
               XII
               .
            
             
               IT
               may
               be
               of
               some
               use
               to
               the
               Speculative
               ,
               to
               know
               how
               much
               Volatile
               Salt
               of
               Blood
               is
               dissoluble
               in
               Water
               or
               Phlegm
               ;
               and
               therefore
               having
               caused
               an
               ounce
               of
               Distilled
               Water
               (
               for
               common
               Water
               ,
               because
               of
               some
               Saltishness
               that
               usually
               accompanies
               it
               ,
               would
               not
               have
               been
               so
               proper
               on
               this
               occasion
               )
               to
               be
               carefully
               weigh'd
               out
               ,
               we
               put
               into
               it
               ,
               little
               by
               little
               ,
               some
               dry
               and
               white
               Volatile
               Salt
               of
               Blood
               ,
               and
               shook
               it
               well
               into
               the
               Liquor
               ,
               to
               
               make
               it
               disperse
               the
               better
               ;
               we
               allow'd
               it
               also
               a
               competent
               time
               for
               solution
               ,
               and
               by
               this
               means
               we
               found
               ,
               that
               ℥
               i.
               of
               Water
               would
               dissolve
               at
               least
               ʒij
               .
               that
               is
               ,
               a
               fourth
               part
               of
               its
               weight
               of
               dry
               Salt
               ,
               and
               that
               in
               the
               cold
               .
               For
               afterwards
               by
               the
               help
               of
               heat
               ,
               we
               made
               the
               same
               Liquor
               dissolve
               near
               five
               and
               twenty
               Grains
               more
               .
               In
               which
               last
               part
               of
               the
               Experiment
               I
               had
               a
               further
               aim
               ,
               which
               was
               to
               try
               ,
               whether
               upon
               the
               Refrigeration
               of
               the
               Liquor
               ,
               the
               dissolv'd
               Salt
               would
               not
               shoot
               into
               Crystals
               of
               observable
               Figures
               .
               But
               the
               event
               answered
               not
               at
               that
               time
               my
               desire
               ;
               yet
               left
               me
               not
               without
               some
               intention
               to
               reiterate
               the
               Experiment
               ,
               if
               I
               shall
               get
               another
               opportunity
               .
            
          
        
         
           
           
             POST-SCRIPT
             .
          
           
             
               Experiment
               XIII
               .
            
             
               WE
               put
               the
               above
               mentioned
               Solution
               into
               a
               Retort
               ,
               to
               be
               drawn
               off
               with
               a
               pretty
               quick
               heat
               ,
               (
               which
               on
               this
               occasion
               we
               prefer'd
               to
               a
               much
               slower
               one
               )
               and
               thereby
               obtain'd
               a
               Distill'd
               Liquor
               ,
               that
               contain'd
               all
               the
               Volatile
               Salt
               ,
               save
               a
               little
               that
               escaped
               in
               a
               dry
               form
               ;
               which
               Liquor
               tasted
               strong
               enough
               to
               pass
               for
               quite
               ,
               or
               at
               least
               almost
               ,
               as
               brisk
               a
               Liquor
               ,
               as
               moderate
               Spirit
               of
               Blood
               drawn
               the
               common
               way
               ,
               and
               consequently
               discover'd
               near
               enough
               ,
               what
               proportion
               should
               be
               taken
               ,
               of
               the
               Aqueous
               Ingredient
               to
               the
               Saline
               when
               one
               would
               make
               such
               a
               Spirit
               .
               The
               knowledge
               of
               which
               Proportion
               may
               probably
               ease
               us
               of
               some
               Tryals
               ,
               
               that
               would
               otherwise
               be
               necessary
               to
               find
               it
               out
               ,
               when
               we
               are
               (
               as
               we
               may
               often
               be
               )
               less
               stored
               with
               Spirit
               than
               with
               Volatile
               Salt
               ,
               and
               desire
               to
               employ
               this
               in
               a
               Liquid
               form
               ;
               in
               which
               we
               are
               wont
               to
               call
               it
               ,
               for
               distinctions
               sake
               ,
               the
               Aqueous
               (
               not
               the
               Phlegmatick
               )
               
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Blood.
              
               
            
             
               If
               opportunity
               had
               not
               been
               wanting
               ,
               we
               would
               have
               try'd
               ,
               whether
               by
               repeating
               the
               Distillation
               twice
               or
               thrice
               ,
               a
               better
               or
               stricter
               union
               of
               the
               Salt
               and
               Liquor
               would
               not
               have
               been
               effected
               :
               and
               this
               the
               rather
               ,
               because
               having
               ordered
               the
               Vial
               that
               contain'd
               this
               Aqueous
               Spirit
               ,
               in
               which
               the
               Water
               had
               been
               ,
               if
               I
               may
               so
               speak
               ,
               Superonerated
               to
               be
               kept
               stopt
               during
               a
               Frosty
               Night
               ,
               we
               perceived
               at
               the
               bottom
               of
               the
               Glass
               (
               what
               we
               had
               miss'd
               of
               before
               )
               a
               pretty
               deal
               of
               Volatile
               Salt
               ,
               coagulated
               or
               shot
               into
               Crystals
               ,
               tho
               the
               Crystals
               that
               were
               this
               way
               obtain'd
               ,
               
               were
               fine
               and
               clear
               ,
               and
               some
               of
               them
               larger
               than
               Spangles
               ,
               yet
               being
               much
               more
               numerous
               than
               we
               desired
               ,
               by
               adhering
               closely
               and
               confusedly
               enough
               to
               one
               another
               ,
               they
               kept
               us
               from
               being
               able
               to
               discover
               the
               Figure
               of
               particular
               Grains
               ,
               and
               made
               me
               somewhat
               doubt
               ,
               whether
               the
               single
               Crystals
               were
               all
               of
               them
               of
               the
               same
               shape
               ;
               all
               that
               I
               could
               clearly
               discern
               ,
               being
               ,
               that
               divers
               of
               those
               Concretions
               were
               flat
               ,
               thin
               Plates
               with
               fine
               Rectilinear
               Angles
               that
               inclin'd
               us
               to
               think
               ,
               that
               if
               the
               whole
               Plains
               could
               have
               been
               perfectly
               discovered
               their
               broadest
               Surface
               would
               have
               been
               found
               Hexagonal
               ,
               or
               of
               some
               Polygone
               Figures
               very
               near
               of
               kin
               to
               that
               .
            
          
           
             
               Experiment
               XIV
               .
            
             
               WE
               put
               an
               ounce
               of
               Distilled
               Water
               ,
               wherein
               we
               dissolv'd
               
               as
               much
               Volatile
               Salt
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               ,
               as
               it
               would
               well
               take
               up
               ,
               into
               a
               Glass
               Egg
               ,
               and
               exposed
               it
               during
               a
               Frosty
               Night
               to
               congeal
               :
               which
               we
               did
               with
               design
               to
               discover
               ,
               whether
               ,
               as
               the
               Saltness
               that
               is
               in
               Sea
               Water
               keeps
               it
               here
               in
               England
               from
               freezing
               ,
               (
               at
               least
               in
               ordinary
               Winters
               ,
               )
               so
               the
               Volatile
               Salt
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               ,
               which
               much
               resembles
               the
               other
               in
               Tast
               ,
               would
               have
               the
               like
               effect
               upon
               Water
               ,
               especially
               if
               it
               were
               fully
               impregnated
               therewith
               .
               To
               this
               Conjecture
               the
               event
               was
               answerable
               ,
               the
               Frost
               having
               produced
               no
               Ice
               in
               our
               solution
               ,
               nor
               having
               so
               much
               as
               made
               any
               of
               the
               Salt
               manifestly
               shoot
               ,
               (
               as
               I
               wish'd
               it
               had
               done
               ,
               hoping
               thereby
               to
               discover
               somewhat
               about
               the
               Figuration
               of
               the
               Salt
               of
               Humane
               Blood.
               )
            
             
               And
               ,
               tho
               afterwards
               we
               removed
               it
               into
               a
               Frigorifick
               Mixture
               ,
               that
               would
               probably
               have
               frozen
               Beer
               and
               Ale
               ,
               and
               perhaps
               the
               weaker
               sort
               of
               French
               Wine
               ;
               yet
               we
               did
               not
               
               perceive
               it
               to
               glaciate
               any
               part
               of
               our
               solution
               ,
               but
               only
               made
               it
               let
               fall
               a
               pretty
               deal
               of
               Matter
               ,
               that
               seemed
               to
               be
               Feculent
               ,
               (
               for
               what
               it
               was
               ,
               I
               had
               not
               opportunity
               to
               examine
               .
               )
            
          
           
             
               Experiment
               XV.
               
            
             
               SEa-salt
               dissolv'd
               in
               Water
               renders
               that
               Liquor
               much
               more
               difficult
               to
               be
               frozen
               ,
               than
               it
               was
               before
               ;
               and
               yet
               being
               joyn'd
               with
               Ice
               or
               Snow
               ,
               the
               other
               Ingredient
               of
               our
               Frigorifick
               Mixture
               ,
               it
               does
               ,
               when
               outwardly
               apply'd
               ,
               very
               much
               conduce
               to
               the
               Artificial
               Congelation
               of
               it
               ,
               which
               usually
               would
               not
               succeed
               without
               it
               .
               Wherefore
               to
               try
               whether
               ,
               as
               Volatile
               Salt
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               ,
               being
               dissolved
               in
               Water
               ,
               did
               ,
               as
               was
               formerly
               noted
               ,
               hinder
               it
               from
               freezing
               ,
               so
               it
               would
               outwardly
               apply'd
               highly
               promote
               
               its
               Glaciation
               ;
               we
               mixed
               by
               guess
               about
               a
               Scruple
               of
               this
               Salt
               with
               a
               convenient
               quantity
               of
               beaten
               Ice
               ,
               and
               having
               put
               into
               this
               Mixture
               a
               somewhat
               slender
               Pipe
               of
               Glass
               with
               Common
               Water
               in
               it
               ,
               we
               found
               ,
               after
               a
               while
               ,
               the
               Water
               that
               lay
               in
               the
               lower
               part
               of
               the
               Glass
               Vessel
               ,
               and
               was
               surrounded
               by
               the
               Mixture
               ,
               was
               turned
               into
               Ice
               .
            
          
           
             
               Experiment
               XVI
               .
            
             
               TO
               try
               some
               suspicions
               I
               had
               about
               the
               Saline
               and
               Aqueous
               Parts
               ,
               that
               I
               thought
               might
               he
               concealed
               in
               the
               Fibrous
               or
               Consistent
               part
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               ,
               I
               caused
               some
               of
               it
               to
               be
               in
               an
               open
               and
               shallow
               Glass
               exposed
               to
               the
               Air
               in
               a
               Frosty
               Night
               ,
               and
               the
               next
               morning
               found
               it
               to
               be
               lightly
               frozen
               ,
               and
               the
               Surface
               of
               the
               Ice
               prettily
               figur'd
               with
               resemblances
               of
               Combs
               ,
               with
               
               Teeth
               on
               both
               sides
               or
               edges
               ;
               on
               which
               account
               these
               Figures
               did
               not
               ill
               resemble
               those
               ,
               that
               I
               have
               oftentimes
               obtained
               ,
               by
               slowly
               coagulating
               into
               Salt
               ,
               a
               solution
               of
               Sal-Armoniack
               made
               in
               Common
               Water
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               
                 Second
                 Part
              
               of
               the
               foregoing
               Memoirs
               ,
               I
               have
               not
               said
               any
               thing
               of
               the
               Medicinal
               Vertues
               of
               
                 Humane
                 Blood
              
               it self
               ,
               (
               for
               those
               of
               the
               Spirit
               belong
               to
               the
               Fourth
               Part
               )
               and
               ,
               tho
               I
               might
               now
               ,
               if
               I
               thought
               fit
               ,
               say
               something
               not
               impertinent
               to
               that
               Subject
               ,
               in
               this
               Appendix
               ,
               both
               out
               of
               some
               Printed
               Books
               and
               my
               own
               observations
               ,
               yet
               I
               now
               forbear
               to
               do
               it
               ,
               not
               only
               for
               a
               reason
               that
               't
               is
               not
               necessary
               I
               should
               here
               declare
               ,
               but
               because
               four
               or
               five
               Processes
               that
               I
               have
               met
               with
               about
               Humane
               Blood
               in
               
                 Paracelsus
                 ,
                 Burgravius
              
               ,
               (
               famous
               for
               his
               Biolychnium
               made
               of
               that
               Subject
               )
               and
               one
               or
               two
               more
               ,
               about
               the
               Transplantation
               
               of
               Diseases
               by
               means
               of
               the
               Patients
               Blood
               ,
               are
               such
               ,
               as
               either
               I
               do
               not
               well
               understand
               ,
               because
               of
               their
               being
               (
               probably
               on
               purpose
               )
               obscurely
               pen'd
               ,
               or
               seem
               in
               themselves
               unlikely
               ,
               of
               which
               sort
               is
               the
               Biolychnium
               ,
               or
               Lamp
               of
               Life
               ,
               in
               which
               't
               is
               pretended
               that
               the
               Blood
               is
               so
               prepar'd
               ,
               that
               the
               state
               of
               Health
               of
               the
               Person
               whose
               it
               is
               ,
               may
               be
               discover'd
               by
               the
               manner
               of
               the
               burning
               of
               the
               Flame
               it
               affords
               ,
               (
               tho
               he
               be
               perhaps
               at
               a
               great
               distance
               from
               it
               ,
               )
               and
               his
               Death
               by
               its
               Extinction
               .
               Besides
               that
               ,
               as
               I
               have
               elsewhere
               noted
               ,
               some
               Circumstances
               relating
               to
               the
               Ashes
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               ,
               make
               me
               doubt
               ,
               whether
               some
               of
               these
               Processes
               were
               not
               rather
               the
               Products
               of
               Fancy
               than
               Experience
               .
               And
               ,
               tho
               I
               think
               those
               Medicines
               less
               improbable
               ,
               that
               without
               much
               destroying
               the
               Texture
               of
               the
               Blood
               by
               Fire
               ,
               aim
               at
               transplanting
               Diseases
               by
               its
               intervention
               ,
               yet
               
               I
               thought
               fit
               to
               decline
               transcribing
               the
               forementioned
               Medicines
               ,
               till
               Experience
               shall
               warrant
               me
               to
               do
               it
               .
               And
               I
               shall
               also
               at
               present
               forbear
               to
               set
               down
               my
               own
               Tryals
               ,
               because
               I
               have
               not
               yet
               seen
               the
               Events
               of
               them
               .
               But
               yet
               I
               shall
               invite
               you
               to
               endeavour
               with
               me
               to
               prepare
               two
               ,
               that
               ,
               if
               they
               succeed
               ,
               may
               afford
               ,
               especially
               the
               last
               of
               them
               ,
               considerable
               Medicines
               .
               The
               first
               Medicine
               that
               I
               attempted
               ,
               was
               ,
               by
               putting
               to
               Salt
               of
               Tartar
               Oyl
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               instead
               of
               Oyl
               of
               Turpentine
               :
               and
               by
               keeping
               them
               long
               ,
               and
               stirring
               them
               frequently
               ,
               in
               the
               open
               Air
               ,
               to
               make
               such
               a
               Saponary
               Concretion
               ,
               as
               is
               not
               unknown
               to
               many
               in
               London
               ,
               by
               the
               name
               of
               
               Matthews's
               Corrector
               ,
               which
               as
               he
               made
               it
               with
               Common
               Oyl
               of
               Turpentine
               ,
               tho
               it
               seem
               but
               a
               slight
               Composition
               ,
               is
               yet
               esteemed
               and
               imploy'd
               with
               good
               success
               ,
               by
               some
               Doctors
               of
               Physick
               and
               other
               Practitioners
               in
               London
               .
               To
               make
               the
               
               other
               Medicine
               ,
               we
               endeavoured
               to
               unite
               by
               long
               Digestion
               ,
               the
               Salt
               ,
               Spirit
               ,
               and
               Oyl
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               ,
               into
               a
               Mixture
               ,
               which
               some
               Chymists
               (
               for
               their
               Terms
               are
               not
               by
               all
               of
               them
               used
               in
               the
               same
               sense
               )
               call
               a
               Clyssus
               .
               But
               having
               begun
               this
               ,
               without
               having
               had
               time
               to
               finish
               it
               ,
               we
               shall
               say
               no
               more
               of
               it
               ,
               but
               that
               divers
               Chymists
               may
               not
               improbably
               look
               upon
               this
               sort
               of
               Compositions
               ,
               as
               one
               of
               the
               noblest
               sort
               of
               Preparations
               that
               many
               a
               Drug
               is
               capable
               of
               .
            
          
        
         
           
           
             Particulars
             referable
             to
             the
             Third
             Part
             of
             the
             History
             .
          
           
             
               Experiment
               .
               I.
               
            
             
               A
               Young
               Man
               having
               bled
               into
               a
               Porringer
               ,
               and
               the
               Blood
               having
               been
               kept
               several
               hours
               ,
               that
               a
               sufficient
               separation
               might
               be
               made
               of
               the
               Coagulated
               or
               consistent
               part
               and
               the
               fluid
               ,
               the
               fibrous
               portion
               and
               the
               Serum
               were
               separately
               weighed
               :
               and
               the
               difference
               of
               the
               two
               masses
               in
               point
               of
               weight
               was
               not
               so
               great
               as
               one
               would
               have
               expected
               ,
               the
               curdled
               part
               of
               the
               Blood
               weighing
               about
               six
               Ounces
               ,
               and
               the
               Serous
               part
               not
               many
               drams
               from
               that
               weight
               .
               This
               Tryal
               is
               here
               set
               down
               by
               comparing
               it
               with
               some
               others
               ,
               what
               difference
               there
               is
               between
               the
               Bloods
               of
               sound
               Persons
               ,
               
               as
               to
               the
               proportion
               of
               the
               Serum
               ,
               and
               the
               concreted
               part
               .
            
          
           
             
               Experiment
               .
               II.
               
            
             
               HUmane
               Urine
               ,
               having
               first
               (
               that
               I
               know
               of
               )
               by
               the
               very
               ingenious
               Mr.
               Hook
               ,
               and
               oftentimes
               by
               me
               ,
               been
               observ'd
               ,
               when
               frozen
               ,
               to
               have
               on
               the
               surface
               of
               the
               Ice
               ,
               figures
               not
               ill
               resembling
               Combs
               or
               Feathers
               ;
               the
               great
               affinity
               generally
               supposed
               to
               be
               betwixt
               Vrine
               and
               the
               Serum
               of
               Blood
               ,
               made
               me
               think
               fit
               to
               try
               at
               once
               whether
               this
               last
               nam'd
               Liquor
               would
               freeze
               with
               such
               a
               degree
               of
               Cold
               ,
               as
               would
               easily
               ,
               and
               yet
               not
               very
               easily
               glaciate
               water
               ,
               and
               whether
               ,
               in
               case
               it
               should
               freeze
               ,
               the
               Ice
               would
               have
               a
               surface
               figur'd
               like
               that
               of
               frozen
               Urine
               .
               But
               ,
               having
               for
               this
               purpose
               exposed
               some
               Serum
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               to
               the
               Cold
               Air
               ,
               in
               two
               freezing
               nights
               
               consecutively
               ,
               the
               Serum
               was
               not
               found
               to
               congeal
               ,
               tho
               some
               Grumous
               parts
               of
               the
               same
               Blood
               did
               ,
               as
               has
               formerly
               been
               noted
               ,
               yet
               I
               scarce
               doubted
               ,
               but
               an
               exceeding
               hard
               frost
               would
               have
               produc'd
               ,
               at
               least
               a
               thin
               Plate
               of
               Ice
               upon
               the
               surface
               of
               our
               Liquor
               .
               And
               to
               confirm
               this
               Conjecture
               ,
               we
               took
               the
               same
               Serum
               ,
               and
               having
               strained
               it
               through
               a
               Linnen
               cloath
               ,
               to
               separate
               the
               Liquor
               as
               much
               as
               by
               that
               way
               we
               could
               ,
               from
               any
               clotted
               or
               Fibrous
               Parts
               ,
               that
               might
               have
               lain
               conceal'd
               in
               it
               ,
               we
               put
               it
               into
               a
               shallow
               ,
               concave
               glass
               ,
               and
               laid
               that
               upon
               some
               of
               our
               Frigorifick
               mixture
               ,
               made
               of
               Ice
               and
               Salt
               ,
               which
               we
               have
               described
               ,
               and
               often
               made
               use
               of
               ,
               in
               the
               History
               of
               Cold.
               By
               this
               means
               the
               exposed
               Serum
               ,
               being
               frozen
               from
               the
               bottom
               upwards
               ,
               there
               appeared
               here
               and
               there
               upon
               the
               Ice
               contiguous
               to
               the
               Air
               ,
               certain
               Figures
               ,
               that
               did
               not
               ill
               resemble
               those
               of
               Conglaciated
               Urine
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               Experiment
               .
               III.
               
            
             
               HAving
               formerly
               had
               occasion
               to
               observe
               that
               Mans
               Urine
               would
               tolerably
               well
               serve
               for
               what
               they
               call
               an
               
                 invisible
                 Ink
              
               :
               and
               haveing
               consider'd
               (
               when
               I
               remembred
               this
               )
               the
               great
               Affinity
               that
               is
               suppos'd
               to
               be
               between
               Urine
               and
               the
               Serum
               of
               Blood
               ,
               I
               thought
               fit
               to
               try
               ,
               whether
               the
               latter
               might
               not
               be
               employ'd
               like
               the
               former
               to
               make
               a
               kind
               of
               invisible
               Ink
               ,
               To
               this
               effect
               we
               took
               some
               Serum
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               ,
               and
               having
               dipt
               a
               new
               Pen
               in
               it
               ,
               we
               trac'd
               some
               Characters
               upon
               a
               piece
               of
               white
               Paper
               ,
               and
               having
               suffer'd
               them
               to
               dry
               on
               ,
               we
               held
               the
               unwritten
               side
               of
               the
               Paper
               over
               the
               Flame
               of
               a
               Candle
               ,
               keeping
               it
               always
               stirring
               ,
               that
               it
               might
               not
               take
               fire
               .
               By
               which
               means
               the
               Letters
               that
               had
               been
               written
               ,
               appeared
               
               on
               the
               upper
               surface
               of
               the
               Paper
               ,
               being
               tho
               ,
               not
               of
               an
               Inky
               Blackness
               ,
               yet
               of
               a
               Colour
               dark
               enough
               to
               be
               easily
               legible
               and
               very
               like
               to
               some
               others
               that
               having
               been
               purposely
               written
               with
               fresh
               Urine
               ,
               and
               made
               visible
               ,
               by
               heat
               ,
               were
               compar'd
               with
               them
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             Particulars
             referable
             to
             the
             Fourth
             Part
             of
             the
             History
             .
          
           
             I
             confess
             ,
             the
             Defectiveness
             of
             our
             Historical
             knowledge
             of
             
               Humane
               Blood
               extravasated
            
             ,
             has
             been
             such
             ,
             that
             among
             the
             Authors
             I
             have
             had
             occasion
             to
             peruse
             ,
             I
             have
             met
             with
             so
             few
             matters
             of
             fact
             delivered
             upon
             their
             own
             knowledge
             ,
             that
             the
             things
             I
             have
             thought
             fit
             to
             transcribe
             out
             of
             their
             Books
             into
             this
             little
             tract
             ,
             do
             scarce
             all
             of
             them
             together
             amount
             to
             half
             a
             sheet
             of
             
             Paper
             ,
             But
             yet
             I
             would
             not
             impute
             this
             Penury
             ,
             either
             to
             the
             Laziness
             or
             the
             Ignorance
             of
             Writers
             ,
             but
             rather
             to
             this
             that
             they
             wanted
             some
             Person
             ,
             exercised
             in
             designing
             Natural
             Histories
             to
             excite
             their
             Curiosity
             ,
             and
             direct
             their
             Attention
             ;
             there
             being
             many
             that
             would
             enquire
             ,
             if
             they
             knew
             what
             Questions
             were
             fit
             to
             be
             ask'd
             ,
             about
             a
             propos'd
             subject
             ,
             as
             for
             instance
             
               Humane
               Blood
            
             ,
             and
             what
             Researches
             ought
             to
             be
             made
             ,
             to
             discover
             its
             nature
             .
             Upon
             this
             account
             ,
             I
             hope
             that
             after
             some
             time
             the
             foregoing
             Scheme
             of
             Titles
             ,
             and
             the
             Papers
             that
             refer
             to
             it
             ,
             will
             give
             occasion
             to
             a
             great
             many
             more
             Experiments
             and
             Observations
             about
             the
             Blood
             ,
             (
             and
             perhaps
             other
             Liquors
             of
             the
             Humane
             Body
             )
             than
             hitherto
             have
             been
             published
             by
             others
             ,
             or
             are
             now
             imparted
             by
             me
             .
             Which
             last
             words
             I
             set
             down
             ,
             because
             I
             would
             not
             be
             thought
             guilty
             of
             the
             vanity
             of
             pretending
             to
             have
             near
             exhausted
             the
             subject
             I
             have
             treated
             
             of
             ;
             since
             besides
             other
             deficiencies
             ,
             I
             now
             perceive
             that
             I
             wholly
             omitted
             a
             considerable
             Title
             which
             might
             either
             have
             been
             refer'd
             to
             the
             Primary
             ones
             of
             the
             first
             order
             ,
             or
             employ'd
             as
             a
             kind
             of
             Preliminary
             to
             the
             Secondary
             Titles
             of
             the
             History
             of
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Blood.
             This
             pretermitted
             Title
             should
             have
             been
             
               of
               the
               several
               ways
               of
               Distilling
               Humane
               Blood
            
             ;
             since
             according
             to
             these
             ,
             the
             produc'd
             Spirit
             ,
             Salt
             ,
             &c.
             may
             be
             considerably
             diversify'd
             .
          
           
             Upon
             this
             account
             I
             thought
             fit
             ,
             to
             distil
             three
             Portions
             of
             dry'd
             Blood
             ,
             each
             with
             a
             differing
             Additament
             .
             The
             first
             with
             a
             
               Mineral
               Alcaly
               ,
               Quicklime
            
             :
             the
             next
             with
             a
             
               Vegetable
               Alcaly
               ,
               Calcin'd
               Tartar
            
             :
             and
             the
             third
             with
             a
             
               Sulphureous
               Acid
            
             ,
             Oyl
             of
             Vitriol
             .
             And
             ,
             tho
             some
             Accidents
             kept
             me
             from
             prosecuting
             the
             Tryals
             as
             I
             desir'd
             ,
             yet
             the
             first
             having
             succeeded
             indifferent
             well
             ,
             and
             the
             two
             others
             not
             having
             wholly
             miscarried
             ,
             I
             shall
             subjoyn
             
             the
             Accounts
             of
             all
             three
             as
             they
             were
             set
             down
             in
             my
             Notes
             .
          
           
             Having
             observed
             that
             divers
             Bodies
             ,
             when
             they
             were
             Distill'd
             with
             Quick
             lime
             ,
             afforded
             Liquors
             differing
             from
             those
             they
             would
             have
             yielded
             ,
             if
             they
             had
             been
             distilled
             ,
             either
             
               per
               se
            
             ,
             or
             with
             some
             Vulgar
             Additaments
             ;
             we
             took
             ℥
             v.
             of
             concreted
             ,
             but
             not
             dry'd
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             and
             having
             mixed
             it
             with
             an
             equal
             weight
             of
             Quick-lime
             ,
             (
             such
             as
             I
             could
             procure
             ,
             but
             not
             so
             strong
             as
             I
             have
             often
             seen
             ,
             )
             we
             distilled
             it
             by
             degrees
             of
             Fire
             in
             a
             Retort
             placed
             in
             Sand
             ,
             by
             which
             means
             we
             obtain'd
             a
             large
             Proportion
             of
             Reddish
             Spirituous
             Liquor
             ,
             which
             did
             not
             seem
             considerably
             Phlegmatick
             ;
             together
             with
             some
             Oyl
             ,
             which
             was
             but
             in
             very
             small
             quantity
             ,
             the
             rest
             being
             probably
             kept
             back
             ,
             (
             and
             perhaps
             some
             of
             it
             destroy'd
             )
             by
             the
             Lime
             :
             and
             of
             this
             little
             Oyl
             that
             did
             come
             over
             ,
             there
             was
             a
             small
             portion
             that
             sunk
             in
             the
             Spirit
             ,
             
             the
             rest
             swimming
             upon
             it
             .
          
           
             The
             above
             mentioned
             Spirit
             being
             put
             into
             a
             small
             Head
             and
             Body
             ,
             was
             set
             into
             a
             Digestive
             Furnace
             ,
             to
             Rectify
             at
             leisure
             with
             a
             very
             gentle
             heat
             ,
             and
             the
             Receiver
             was
             three
             or
             four
             times
             shifted
             ,
             that
             we
             might
             observe
             what
             difference
             ,
             if
             any
             ,
             there
             would
             be
             betwixt
             the
             successively
             ascending
             Portions
             of
             Liquor
             .
             The
             first
             Spirit
             that
             came
             over
             did
             not
             smell
             near
             so
             rank
             as
             that
             is
             wont
             to
             do
             that
             is
             distill'd
             
               per
               se
            
             .
             This
             Observation
             belongs
             also
             to
             the
             three
             or
             four
             succeeding
             Portions
             of
             Liquor
             :
             probably
             ,
             because
             the
             Lime
             had
             better
             freed
             the
             Spirit
             of
             the
             first
             Distillation
             from
             the
             Faetid
             Oyl
             ,
             many
             of
             whose
             Particles
             are
             wont
             ,
             tho
             unperceivedly
             ,
             to
             mingle
             with
             it
             when
             it
             is
             drawn
             over
             without
             Additament
             .
             The
             Rectify'd
             Spirit
             ,
             which
             was
             clear
             and
             colourless
             ,
             had
             a
             tast
             much
             stronger
             than
             its
             smell
             ;
             for
             a
             small
             drop
             of
             it
             upon
             the
             Tongue
             ,
             had
             something
             of
             Fieryness
             
             that
             was
             surprizing
             ,
             and
             lasted
             longer
             than
             one
             would
             wish
             ;
             which
             made
             me
             doubt
             ,
             whether
             the
             Spirituous
             part
             of
             the
             Blood
             had
             not
             carry'd
             up
             with
             it
             ,
             some
             of
             the
             Fiery
             parts
             of
             the
             Quick-lime
             ;
             which
             doubt
             ,
             if
             future
             Tryals
             resolve
             in
             the
             Affirmative
             ,
             one
             may
             expect
             some
             uncommon
             effects
             from
             such
             a
             Spirit
             ,
             which
             in
             this
             case
             would
             be
             enriched
             with
             a
             kind
             of
             Volatilis'd
             Alcaly
             ,
             a
             thing
             much
             desir'd
             by
             many
             Chymists
             and
             Physicians
             .
             Upon
             occasion
             of
             this
             suspition
             ,
             we
             dropt
             a
             little
             of
             it
             into
             a
             strong
             solution
             of
             Sublimate
             in
             fair
             Water
             ,
             and
             it
             seemed
             at
             the
             first
             contact
             to
             make
             a
             Precipitate
             a
             little
             enclining
             to
             Yellow
             ,
             (
             as
             I
             have
             observed
             the
             Saline
             parts
             of
             Quicklime
             to
             do
             in
             a
             greater
             measure
             ,
             )
             tho
             afterwards
             the
             Precipitate
             appeared
             white
             ,
             like
             that
             made
             with
             ordinary
             Volatile
             Liquors
             of
             an
             Urinous
             Nature
             .
          
           
             But
             because
             I
             expected
             that
             our
             
               Alcalisate
               Spirit
               of
               Blood
            
             ,
             if
             I
             may
             
             so
             call
             it
             ,
             would
             have
             some
             peculiar
             Qualities
             ,
             discriminating
             it
             from
             the
             Spirit
             drawn
             without
             addition
             ;
             I
             thought
             fit
             to
             make
             a
             few
             Tryals
             with
             it
             ,
             whose
             event
             justify'd
             my
             conjectures
             .
             For
             having
             put
             into
             a
             Glass
             Egg
             with
             a
             slender
             neck
             ,
             some
             of
             our
             well
             rectify'd
             Spirit
             ,
             it
             did
             not
             then
             afford
             any
             Volatile
             Salt
             in
             a
             dry
             form
             :
             (
             tho
             afterwards
             ,
             if
             I
             mistook
             not
             ,
             by
             another
             Tryal
             ,
             we
             at
             length
             obtain'd
             
               a
               little
            
             )
             and
             having
             continued
             the
             Tryal
             somewhat
             obstinately
             ,
             we
             found
             the
             Spirit
             to
             have
             by
             the
             action
             of
             the
             Fire
             ,
             lost
             its
             Limpidness
             ,
             and
             to
             have
             been
             made
             muddy
             or
             troubled
             .
          
           
             Having
             mingled
             another
             portion
             of
             it
             with
             a
             highly
             rectify'd
             ,
             ardent
             Spirit
             ,
             and
             kept
             them
             all
             night
             in
             the
             cold
             ,
             no
             coagulation
             ensued
             ,
             nor
             could
             we
             perceive
             any
             ,
             after
             it
             had
             been
             kept
             divers
             hours
             in
             a
             moderate
             heat
             .
             But
             the
             Mixture
             acquired
             a
             Yellow
             colour
             ,
             and
             let
             fall
             ,
             somewhat
             to
             our
             surprize
             ,
             a
             pretty
             
             deal
             of
             darkish
             Powder
             ,
             tho
             not
             enough
             to
             invite
             us
             to
             make
             any
             Tryals
             upon
             it
             .
          
           
             We
             put
             to
             another
             parcel
             of
             our
             Spirit
             some
             good
             Spirit
             of
             Salt
             ,
             but
             ,
             tho
             they
             smok'd
             much
             at
             their
             meeting
             ,
             yet
             we
             observ'd
             no
             noise
             nor
             bubbles
             upon
             their
             commixture
             .
          
           
             And
             having
             mingled
             another
             Portion
             with
             Oyl
             of
             Vitriol
             ,
             tho
             there
             was
             produc'd
             a
             very
             great
             smoke
             ,
             and
             besides
             that
             an
             intense
             degree
             of
             Heat
             ,
             (
             the
             quantity
             of
             the
             matter
             considered
             ,
             )
             yet
             there
             was
             no
             visible
             Ebullition
             ,
             nor
             any
             noise
             or
             bubbles
             produc'd
             ,
             but
             the
             colour
             of
             the
             Oyl
             of
             Vitriol
             was
             very
             much
             heightned
             ,
             the
             mixture
             growing
             almost
             red
             .
          
           
             From
             these
             ,
             and
             the
             like
             Phaenomena
             one
             may
             gather
             ,
             that
             our
             
               Alcalisate
               Spirit
               of
               Blood
            
             is
             in
             several
             things
             differing
             from
             the
             simple
             .
             Whether
             this
             disparity
             will
             make
             it
             a
             more
             potent
             Medicine
             ,
             or
             make
             it
             ,
             by
             too
             much
             participation
             of
             the
             
             fiery
             parts
             of
             the
             Lime
             ;
             a
             less
             safe
             Remedy
             ,
             future
             Experience
             must
             discover
             .
             But
             it
             seems
             not
             improbable
             ,
             that
             either
             as
             a
             Medicine
             ,
             or
             as
             a
             Menstruum
             ,
             if
             not
             in
             both
             capacities
             ,
             it
             may
             be
             a
             not
             Inconsiderable
             Liquor
             .
             For
             which
             reason
             I
             have
             made
             my
             account
             of
             it
             the
             more
             Circumstantial
             .
          
           
             
               Experiment
               II.
               
            
             
               WE
               tooke
               ℥
               ij
               of
               Tartar
               Calcined
               to
               whiteness
               by
               equal
               weight
               of
               (
               kindled
               )
               Nitre
               ,
               and
               mingled
               this
               Alcaly
               with
               ℥
               ij
               of
               dry'd
               and
               powder'd
               Humane
               Blood.
               This
               mixture
               being
               distill'd
               in
               a
               Retort
               in
               a
               Sand
               Furnace
               ,
               made
               it
               appear
               by
               its
               Productions
               ,
               that
               Quicklime
               on
               these
               occasions
               acts
               otherwise
               upon
               the
               Blood
               than
               other
               Alcalies
               do
               .
               For
               ,
               whereas
               the
               Distillation
               wherein
               Lime
               was
               employ'd
               ,
               afforded
               us
               ,
               as
               
               has
               been
               noted
               ,
               a
               Spirit
               that
               before
               Rectification
               was
               very
               strong
               ,
               and
               unaccompanied
               with
               dry
               Salt
               ;
               the
               Calcinatum
               of
               Nitre
               and
               Tartar
               afforded
               us
               at
               the
               very
               first
               Distillation
               ,
               a
               Spirit
               less
               strong
               ;
               but
               withal
               ,
               so
               much
               Volatile
               Salt
               as
               cover'd
               almost
               all
               the
               inside
               of
               the
               Receiver
               ,
               not
               now
               to
               mention
               the
               difference
               of
               their
               respective
               
                 Caput
                 Mortuums
              
               .
               )
               And
               tho
               the
               strong
               Saline
               Spirit
               of
               Blood
               made
               with
               Quicklime
               ,
               did
               not
               ,
               as
               we
               lately
               noted
               ,
               make
               an
               Effervescence
               with
               Acid
               Spirits
               ,
               yet
               this
               Volatile
               Salt
               readily
               did
               it
               upon
               the
               affusion
               of
               Spirit
               of
               Salt.
               
            
          
           
             
               Experiment
               III.
               
            
             
               BEsides
               the
               fixt
               Alcalisate
               Additaments
               ,
               with
               which
               I
               distill'd
               the
               dry'd
               Blood
               of
               Men
               ,
               I
               thought
               fit
               to
               add
               to
               it
               a
               very
               Acid
               Additament
               ,
               viz.
               Oyl
               of
               Vitriol
               ;
               and
               this
               
               the
               rather
               ,
               because
               I
               had
               long
               since
               found
               by
               Tryal
               ,
               (
               and
               ,
               if
               I
               misremember
               not
               ,
               have
               elsewhere
               related
               )
               that
               this
               Liquor
               being
               mix'd
               with
               some
               other
               Bodies
               ,
               particularly
               with
               some
               belonging
               to
               the
               Animal
               Kingdom
               ,
               did
               in
               an
               odd
               manner
               mingle
               its
               own
               substances
               (
               for
               I
               take
               it
               not
               to
               be
               a
               simple
               body
               )
               with
               them
               ,
               and
               notably
               diversify
               the
               Products
               of
               the
               Distillation
               .
               We
               put
               therefore
               upon
               ℥
               iij.
               of
               powder'd
               Humane
               Blood
               ,
               an
               equal
               weight
               of
               Oyl
               of
               Vitriol
               ,
               and
               left
               them
               for
               some
               time
               together
               ,
               to
               try
               if
               by
               the
               action
               of
               this
               Corrosive
               Menstruum
               ,
               tho
               upon
               a
               Body
               not
               of
               a
               Mineral
               Nature
               ,
               some
               heat
               would
               not
               be
               excited
               ,
               and
               accordingly
               we
               found
               ,
               that
               after
               a
               while
               ,
               tho
               not
               at
               the
               very
               first
               ,
               the
               mixture
               grew
               sensibly
               warm
               .
               Then
               we
               removed
               the
               Retort
               into
               a
               Sand
               Furnace
               ,
               and
               distilling
               it
               by
               degrees
               of
               Fire
               ,
               we
               had
               a
               Spirit
               which
               was
               preceded
               by
               a
               pretty
               deal
               of
               Phlegmatick
               Liquor
               ,
               
               of
               an
               odd
               sulphureous
               smell
               ,
               but
               so
               strong
               and
               lasting
               ,
               that
               I
               could
               not
               but
               wonder
               at
               it
               .
               The
               
                 Caput
                 Mortuum
              
               I
               was
               fain
               to
               let
               alone
               ,
               because
               I
               had
               some
               Inducements
               to
               suppose
               ,
               that
               it
               was
               of
               so
               compounded
               a
               nature
               ,
               that
               I
               should
               not
               in
               my
               present
               Circumstances
               have
               the
               opportunity
               to
               examine
               it
               throughly
               .
               But
               it
               seemed
               remarkable
               ,
               that
               ,
               notwithstanding
               the
               great
               Acidity
               of
               Oyl
               of
               Vitriol
               ,
               and
               the
               fixative
               power
               it
               exercises
               on
               many
               Bodies
               ,
               wherewith
               it
               is
               committed
               to
               Distillation
               ,
               our
               Experiment
               afforded
               us
               a
               pretty
               quantity
               of
               Volatile
               matter
               in
               the
               form
               of
               a
               white
               Salt.
               But
               indeed
               the
               smell
               and
               tast
               of
               it
               were
               so
               uncommon
               ,
               that
               I
               was
               troubled
               I
               had
               not
               then
               conveniency
               to
               examine
               it
               carefully
               ;
               much
               less
               to
               try
               ,
               whether
               it
               had
               any
               peculiar
               Vertues
               or
               Operations
               in
               Physick
               ;
               tho
               I
               had
               then
               by
               me
               a
               Glass
               Instrument
               ,
               that
               I
               purposely
               provided
               to
               obviate
               the
               great
               inconvenience
               that
               is
               usually
               
               met
               with
               ,
               and
               has
               been
               often
               complain'd
               of
               by
               me
               as
               well
               as
               others
               ,
               in
               the
               way
               Chymists
               are
               wont
               to
               imploy
               ,
               when
               they
               are
               put
               to
               make
               repeated
               Sublimations
               of
               Volatile
               Salts
               ,
               whether
               alone
               or
               with
               Additaments
               of
               this
               Instrument
               I
               cannot
               now
               stay
               to
               give
               you
               an
               account
               ,
               but
               if
               it
               continue
               to
               appear
               as
               usefull
               as
               expeditious
               ,
               I
               may
               hereafter
               do
               it
               by
               presenting
               you
               one
               ready
               made
               .
            
          
           
             
               Experiment
               .
               I.
               
            
             
               TO
               some
               Naturalists
               and
               Physicians
               that
               delight
               to
               frame
               Hypotheses
               ,
               perhaps
               it
               may
               not
               be
               unwelcome
               to
               know
               ,
               that
               for
               curiosities
               sake
               we
               attempted
               to
               make
               
                 Aurum
                 fulminans
              
               ,
               by
               Precipitating
               a
               solution
               of
               Gold
               (
               made
               in
               
                 Aqua
                 Regia
              
               )
               with
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               ,
               by
               dulcifying
               the
               Precipitate
               with
               
               Common
               water
               ,
               and
               then
               drying
               it
               leisurely
               and
               that
               by
               this
               means
               we
               succeeded
               in
               the
               attempt
               .
            
          
           
             
               Experiment
               .
               II.
               
            
             
               HAving
               into
               a
               wide-mouth'd
               glass
               put
               as
               much
               Spirit
               of
               Blood
               ,
               as
               would
               more
               than
               cover
               the
               Ball
               of
               a
               small
               seal'd
               Weather-glass
               ,
               and
               suffer'd
               this
               Instrument
               to
               stay
               a
               while
               ,
               that
               the
               Ambient
               Liquor
               and
               the
               Included
               might
               be
               reduc'd
               to
               the
               same
               temper
               ,
               as
               to
               Heat
               and
               Cold
               ;
               we
               pour'd
               on
               some
               Spirit
               of
               Verdegreece
               made
               
                 per
                 se
              
               ,
               and
               observ'd
               that
               ,
               tho
               this
               Spirit
               with
               some
               other
               Volatile
               Saline
               Liquors
               ,
               had
               a
               very
               differing
               operation
               ,
               yet
               working
               on
               our
               Spirit
               of
               Blood
               ,
               with
               which
               it
               made
               a
               conflict
               and
               excited
               Bubbles
               ,
               there
               was
               produc'd
               in
               the
               Mixture
               a
               degree
               of
               Warmth
               ,
               that
               was
               not
               insensible
               on
               the
               outside
               
               of
               the
               glass
               ,
               but
               was
               much
               more
               sensible
               in
               the
               Thermoscope
               ,
               whose
               Liquor
               being
               hereby
               rarified
               ,
               ascended
               to
               a
               considerable
               height
               above
               the
               former
               station
               ,
               towards
               which
               when
               the
               conflict
               of
               the
               two
               Liquors
               was
               over
               ,
               it
               began
               ,
               tho
               but
               slowly
               ,
               to
               return
               .
            
          
           
             
               Experiment
               .
               III.
               
            
             
               HAving
               by
               degrees
               mix'd
               our
               Spirit
               of
               Blood
               ,
               with
               as
               much
               good
               Spirit
               of
               Nitre
               as
               it
               would
               manifestly
               work
               on
               ,
               there
               was
               ,
               not
               without
               noise
               ,
               produc'd
               great
               store
               of
               Bubbles
               by
               their
               mutual
               conflict
               ;
               which
               being
               kept
               in
               a
               quiet
               place
               ,
               till
               after
               the
               Liquors
               had
               quite
               ceased
               to
               work
               on
               one
               another
               ,
               it
               began
               to
               appear
               ,
               that
               notwithstanding
               all
               our
               care
               to
               free
               the
               Spirit
               of
               Blood
               from
               Oyl
               ,
               something
               of
               Oleaginous
               that
               had
               been
               concealed
               in
               it
               ,
               had
               
               been
               manifested
               ,
               and
               partly
               separated
               ,
               by
               this
               Operation
               ;
               since
               not
               only
               a
               somewhat
               red
               Colour
               was
               produced
               by
               it
               ,
               but
               after
               a
               while
               the
               surface
               of
               the
               Liquor
               was
               covered
               with
               a
               film
               ,
               such
               as
               I
               have
               often
               observed
               in
               Saline
               Liquors
               ,
               copiously
               impregnated
               with
               Antimony
               or
               other
               Sulphureous
               Bodies
               .
               And
               this
               thin
               Membrane
               had
               its
               Superficies
               so
               disposed
               ,
               that
               looking
               upon
               it
               with
               Eyes
               placed
               Conveniently
               in
               reference
               to
               it
               and
               the
               Light
               ,
               it
               did
               to
               me
               ,
               and
               other
               Persons
               ,
               that
               did
               not
               at
               all
               look
               on
               it
               from
               the
               same
               place
               ,
               appear
               adorned
               with
               vivid
               Colours
               of
               the
               Rainbow
               ,
               as
               Red
               ,
               Yellow
               ,
               Blew
               and
               Green
               ;
               and
               as
               I
               remember
               ,
               in
               the
               same
               order
               that
               these
               Colours
               are
               to
               be
               seen
               in
               the
               Clouds
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               Experiment
               .
               IV.
               
            
             
               HAving
               unexpectedly
               found
               amongst
               some
               other
               long
               neglected
               Glasses
               ,
               a
               Vial
               that
               was
               written
               upon
               above
               twelve
               years
               before
               ,
               and
               inscrib'd
               
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Humane
                 Blood
              
               ,
               it
               appear'd
               to
               have
               been
               ,
               by
               I
               know
               not
               what
               Accident
               ,
               very
               loosely
               stopt
               :
               and
               yet
               not
               so
               ,
               as
               to
               give
               me
               cause
               to
               think
               ,
               that
               the
               Liquor
               was
               much
               wasted
               .
               But
               notwithstanding
               this
               ,
               and
               that
               the
               Liquor
               had
               acquired
               a
               deep
               Colour
               ,
               almost
               like
               that
               of
               Red
               Wine
               ;
               yet
               it
               was
               so
               dispirited
               and
               strengthless
               ,
               that
               it
               appear'd
               to
               be
               very
               little
               other
               than
               nauseous
               Phlegm
               .
               Which
               Observation
               I
               therefore
               think
               not
               unworthy
               to
               be
               preserv'd
               ,
               because
               by
               it
               we
               may
               guess
               ,
               how
               little
               a
               portion
               of
               the
               noble
               and
               genuine
               Spirit
               or
               Salt
               ,
               may
               suffice
               to
               make
               a
               Liquor
               pass
               for
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood.
               
            
          
           
             
             
               Experiment
               .
               V.
               
            
             
               IN
               a
               Frosty
               season
               we
               expos'd
               late
               at
               night
               two
               or
               three
               spoonfulls
               by
               guess
               of
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               ,
               that
               was
               not
               of
               the
               best
               ,
               being
               at
               the
               utmost
               but
               moderately
               strong
               .
               And
               tho
               the
               Cold
               of
               that
               season
               had
               throughly
               frozen
               a
               Vial
               almost
               full
               of
               Oyl
               of
               Vitriol
               ,
               and
               the
               night
               wherein
               our
               Spirit
               was
               exposed
               ,
               was
               (
               at
               least
               )
               moderately
               Frosty
               ,
               yet
               the
               next
               morning
               we
               did
               not
               find
               so
               much
               as
               any
               Superficial
               Ice
               upon
               it
               .
               But
               having
               remov'd
               the
               Vial
               into
               a
               mixture
               of
               Powder'd
               Ice
               and
               Common
               Salt
               we
               found
               in
               no
               very
               long
               time
               ,
               that
               most
               part
               of
               the
               Spirit
               was
               turn'd
               into
               thin
               Plates
               of
               Ice
               ,
               which
               joyn'd
               close
               together
               ,
               and
               had
               their
               edges
               upwards
               ,
               like
               those
               of
               the
               Leaves
               of
               a
               Book
               ,
               when
               it
               is
               held
               with
               its
               back
               downwards
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               Experiment
               .
               VI.
               
            
             
               TO
               make
               a
               further
               Tryal
               of
               that
               imperfect
               one
               mentioned
               in
               the
               Subordinate
               Title
               ,
               we
               took
               a
               Clot
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               of
               the
               bigness
               of
               a
               Bean
               ,
               or
               thereabouts
               ,
               and
               having
               put
               it
               into
               a
               Vial
               in
               such
               manner
               ,
               that
               that
               part
               ,
               which
               before
               was
               contiguous
               to
               the
               Air
               ,
               and
               for
               that
               reason
               ,
               was
               florid
               ,
               was
               now
               the
               undermost
               ,
               and
               the
               other
               ,
               which
               was
               blackish
               lay
               now
               uppermost
               ,
               we
               made
               haste
               to
               pour
               upon
               it
               as
               much
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               ,
               as
               was
               more
               than
               sufficient
               to
               cover
               it
               ,
               and
               perceiv'd
               that
               the
               contact
               of
               it
               presently
               began
               to
               lessen
               the
               blackness
               of
               the
               surface
               of
               the
               Blood
               ,
               and
               bring
               it
               to
               a
               considerable
               degree
               of
               Floridness
               ;
               and
               to
               try
               whether
               that
               would
               continue
               ,
               we
               stopt
               the
               Vial
               ,
               and
               set
               it
               by
               till
               the
               next
               morning
               ,
               
               (
               for
               it
               was
               then
               night
               ,
               )
               when
               looking
               upon
               it
               ,
               we
               found
               the
               Superficial
               Colour
               not
               to
               be
               Black
               but
               still
               Red.
               
            
          
           
             
               Experiment
               VII
               .
            
             
               UPon
               the
               Powder
               of
               dry'd
               Humane
               Blood
               we
               put
               (
               in
               a
               small
               Vial
               )
               some
               of
               the
               rectify'd
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               ,
               which
               quickly
               dissolv'd
               part
               of
               it
               ,
               and
               acquired
               a
               deep
               and
               pleasant
               Colour
               .
               But
               highly
               rectified
               Spirit
               of
               Wine
               ,
               being
               put
               upon
               some
               of
               the
               same
               Powder
               in
               a
               like
               glass
               ,
               did
               not
               in
               many
               hours
               acquire
               any
               manifest
               Tincture
               ,
               and
               got
               but
               a
               pale
               Yellow
               one
               ,
               even
               after
               having
               been
               for
               a
               longer
               time
               kept
               in
               a
               moderate
               heat
               .
               And
               yet
               Common
               water
               ,
               being
               put
               upon
               another
               portion
               of
               the
               same
               Powder
               ,
               did
               quickly
               enough
               appear
               ,
               by
               the
               Colour
               it
               acquir'd
               ,
               to
               have
               dissolv'd
               a
               pretty
               deal
               of
               it
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               Experiment
               VIII
               .
            
             
               SOme
               of
               our
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               being
               put
               upon
               some
               curious
               Vitriol
               ,
               that
               I
               had
               as
               a
               Rarity
               (
               if
               I
               mistake
               not
               )
               from
               the
               
                 East
                 Indies
              
               ,
               part
               whereof
               was
               in
               lumps
               ,
               and
               part
               beaten
               to
               Powder
               ;
               that
               Liquor
               which
               was
               put
               upon
               the
               former
               ,
               being
               able
               to
               dissolve
               it
               but
               slowly
               ,
               made
               little
               or
               no
               Froth
               ;
               but
               the
               Spirit
               that
               was
               put
               upon
               the
               latter
               ,
               by
               hastily
               working
               on
               it
               produc'd
               a
               manifest
               one
               .
               And
               the
               Solutions
               made
               of
               both
               parcels
               of
               Vitriol
               ,
               were
               of
               a
               deeper
               and
               more
               lovely
               Blew
               ,
               than
               the
               Mineral
               it self
               had
               been
               :
               nor
               did
               I
               observe
               in
               them
               any
               Precipitate
               of
               a
               dark
               Colour
               ,
               as
               I
               have
               done
               upon
               the
               Mixture
               of
               Spirit
               of
               Urine
               and
               Ordinary
               Vitriol
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               Experiment
               IX
               .
            
             
               HAving
               with
               a
               clean
               Pen
               drawn
               some
               Letters
               upon
               white
               Paper
               with
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               ,
               and
               as
               soon
               as
               't
               was
               dry
               ,
               mov'd
               the
               unwritten
               side
               over
               the
               Flame
               of
               a
               Candle
               ,
               we
               found
               that
               this
               Liquor
               may
               for
               a
               need
               be
               imployed
               ,
               as
               an
               
                 invisible
                 Ink
              
               ,
               that
               seemed
               to
               be
               somewhat
               better
               ,
               than
               those
               formerly
               mentioned
               to
               have
               been
               afforded
               us
               by
               Serum
               and
               Urine
               .
            
          
           
             
               Experiment
               X.
               
            
             
               HAving
               found
               by
               Tryal
               that
               divers
               Salts
               ,
               some
               that
               are
               Volatile
               and
               some
               that
               are
               not
               ,
               being
               put
               in
               Powder
               into
               water
               ,
               will
               whilst
               they
               are
               dissolving
               ,
               sensibly
               refrigerate
               
               it
               ;
               and
               on
               the
               other
               side
               that
               some
               very
               subtil
               Spirits
               actually
               cold
               ,
               being
               put
               into
               cold
               Water
               ,
               will
               quickly
               produce
               in
               it
               a
               sensible
               warmth
               ,
               I
               thought
               it
               would
               not
               be
               amiss
               to
               try
               ,
               what
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               would
               do
               ,
               when
               employed
               after
               the
               same
               manner
               .
               Having
               therefore
               placed
               a
               sealed
               Thermoscope
               in
               an
               open
               mouthed
               glass
               ,
               furnished
               with
               as
               much
               distilled
               water
               as
               would
               cover
               the
               Ball
               of
               the
               Instrument
               ,
               we
               left
               it
               there
               for
               a
               while
               to
               bring
               the
               internal
               Liquor
               and
               the
               external
               to
               the
               same
               degree
               of
               Coldness
               .
               Then
               we
               poured
               upon
               the
               immersed
               Ball
               two
               or
               three
               spoonfuls
               of
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               (
               which
               was
               all
               we
               could
               spare
               for
               this
               Tryal
               )
               but
               perceived
               very
               little
               alteration
               to
               ensue
               in
               the
               Thermoscope
               ,
               only
               that
               it
               seemed
               ,
               the
               Spirit
               of
               Wine
               in
               the
               stem
               did
               a
               little
               ,
               and
               but
               a
               very
               little
               ,
               subside
               which
               effect
               (
               tho
               it
               had
               been
               much
               more
               manifest
               )
               I
               should
               not
               have
               been
               surpriz'd
               
               at
               ,
               partly
               because
               I
               found
               Spirit
               of
               Urine
               to
               have
               a
               like
               ,
               or
               somewhat
               more
               considerable
               effect
               ,
               and
               partly
               because
               I
               remembred
               ,
               what
               I
               elsewhere
               relate
               about
               the
               Operation
               of
               the
               pure
               Salt
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               upon
               Distill'd
               Water
               ;
               which
               Liquor
               I
               therefore
               make
               use
               of
               in
               these
               and
               many
               other
               Experiments
               ,
               because
               in
               our
               common
               Pump-Water
               or
               Well-Water
               ,
               and
               in
               most
               other
               common
               Waters
               ,
               I
               have
               observed
               a
               kind
               of
               common
               Salt
               ,
               which
               tho
               in
               very
               small
               quantity
               ,
               makes
               it
               apt
               to
               coagulate
               with
               ,
               or
               precipitate
               ,
               some
               kind
               of
               Saline
               Corpuscles
               ,
               whether
               more
               simple
               ,
               or
               more
               compounded
               .
               But
               before
               I
               quite
               dismiss
               the
               lately
               recited
               Experiment
               ,
               I
               must
               acknowledge
               ,
               that
               I
               dare
               not
               acquiesce
               in
               it
               .
               Since
               probably
               the
               effect
               of
               the
               Spirit
               of
               Blood
               would
               have
               been
               more
               considerable
               ,
               if
               I
               had
               been
               furnish'd
               with
               a
               sufficient
               quantity
               of
               it
               ,
               to
               pour
               into
               the
               Water
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               Experiment
               XI
               .
            
             
               INto
               a
               slender
               Cylindrical
               Vial
               we
               put
               Filings
               of
               Copper
               ,
               more
               than
               enough
               to
               cover
               the
               bottom
               ,
               and
               then
               pouring
               on
               some
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               ,
               till
               it
               reach'd
               about
               an
               Inch
               above
               the
               Filings
               ,
               we
               stopt
               the
               Glass
               close
               ,
               and
               ,
               as
               we
               expected
               ,
               the
               Menstruum
               dissolved
               some
               of
               the
               Metal
               ,
               and
               acquired
               upon
               it
               a
               deep
               ceruleous
               colour
               ,
               which
               by
               keeping
               the
               Vessel
               in
               a
               quiet
               place
               for
               some
               days
               ,
               did
               by
               degrees
               disappear
               ,
               and
               left
               the
               Liquor
               like
               Water
               .
               And
               then
               the
               Glass
               being
               unstopt
               ,
               there
               did
               ,
               as
               was
               expected
               ,
               appear
               a
               fine
               Blew
               surface
               on
               the
               confines
               of
               the
               Air
               and
               the
               Liquor
               ,
               in
               a
               Minute
               of
               an
               hour
               or
               less
               ;
               and
               this
               fine
               colour
               extending
               it self
               downwards
               ,
               was
               in
               no
               long
               time
               diffus'd
               through
               the
               whole
               Body
               of
               
               the
               Liquor
               ;
               and
               that
               so
               plentifully
               ,
               as
               to
               render
               it
               almost
               opacous
               .
               But
               ,
               tho
               I
               kept
               the
               Glass
               many
               days
               after
               well
               stopt
               ,
               yet
               (
               whether
               it
               were
               that
               there
               was
               too
               much
               Air
               left
               in
               the
               Vial
               ,
               or
               for
               some
               other
               reason
               )
               the
               colour
               did
               not
               disappear
               ,
               as
               was
               expected
               ,
               but
               continued
               very
               intense
               .
               This
               may
               confirm
               and
               diversifie
               an
               Experiment
               related
               in
               the
               thirteenth
               Title
               of
               the
               Fourth
               Part
               of
               the
               Memoirs
               .
            
          
           
             
               Experiment
               XII
               .
            
             
               IT
               is
               not
               only
               upon
               Copper
               in
               its
               perfect
               Metalline
               form
               ,
               but
               by
               Nature
               it self
               Embryonated
               in
               ,
               or
               blended
               with
               stony
               matter
               ,
               that
               our
               Spirit
               of
               Humane
               Blood
               did
               manifestly
               work
               :
               for
               having
               pour'd
               some
               upon
               well
               powdered
               
                 Lapis
                 Armenus
              
               ,
               the
               Liquor
               did
               even
               in
               the
               cold
               ,
               and
               in
               no
               long
               time
               ,
               (
               for
               it
               
               exceeded
               not
               a
               few
               hours
               )
               acquire
               a
               deep
               and
               lovely
               Blew
               ,
               almost
               like
               the
               solution
               of
               Filings
               of
               Crude
               Copper
               ,
               made
               with
               the
               same
               Menstruum
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             THE
             CONCLUSION
             .
          
           
             ANd
             here
             ,
             Sir
             ,
             I
             shall
             at
             length
             dismiss
             a
             Subject
             ,
             about
             which
             I
             now
             perceive
             I
             have
             already
             entertained
             you
             much
             longer
             than
             at
             first
             I
             imagined
             .
             And
             yet
             ,
             if
             I
             prevail
             with
             you
             ,
             your
             trouble
             is
             not
             quite
             at
             an
             end
             ;
             since
             I
             must
             exhort
             you
             to
             take
             the
             pains
             ,
             for
             your
             own
             satisfaction
             and
             mine
             ,
             to
             try
             over
             again
             such
             of
             the
             foregoing
             Experiments
             ,
             as
             you
             shall
             judge
             likely
             to
             
             be
             of
             a
             contingent
             Nature
             .
             For
             ,
             tho
             I
             hope
             you
             'l
             do
             me
             the
             right
             to
             believe
             ,
             that
             I
             have
             as
             faithfully
             as
             plainly
             delivered
             Matters
             of
             Fact
             ,
             without
             being
             biassed
             by
             Hypotheses
             ,
             or
             aiming
             at
             Elegance
             ,
             yet
             my
             Exhortation
             may
             be
             reasonable
             .
             For
             I
             have
             observ'd
             Humane
             Blood
             to
             be
             a
             thing
             so
             diversifyable
             by
             various
             Circumstances
             ,
             and
             especially
             by
             the
             Habitual
             Constitution
             of
             the
             person
             that
             bleeds
             ,
             and
             his
             present
             condition
             at
             the
             very
             time
             of
             Phlebotomy
             ,
             that
             I
             dare
             not
             undertake
             ,
             that
             every
             repeater
             of
             the
             like
             Experiments
             with
             mine
             ,
             will
             always
             find
             the
             Events
             to
             be
             just
             such
             as
             I
             have
             recited
             mine
             to
             have
             had
             .
             Nay
             I
             dare
             not
             promise
             my self
             an
             exact
             uniformity
             of
             successes
             ,
             even
             when
             I
             my self
             shall
             reiterate
             some
             (
             of
             the
             nicer
             )
             of
             my
             own
             Tryals
             ;
             especially
             if
             I
             can
             do
             it
             ,
             as
             I
             desire
             with
             greater
             Quantities
             of
             Blood
             than
             (
             for
             want
             of
             them
             )
             the
             first
             were
             made
             with
             .
          
           
           
             To
             the
             Particulars
             already
             deliver'd
             in
             order
             to
             the
             History
             of
             Humane
             Blood
             ,
             I
             could
             now
             ,
             Sir
             ,
             add
             some
             others
             ,
             if
             Time
             and
             Discretion
             would
             permit
             me
             to
             do
             it
             .
             For
             ,
             as
             little
             cultivated
             as
             the
             Subject
             has
             been
             ,
             I
             found
             it
             not
             so
             barren
             ,
             but
             that
             ,
             whilst
             I
             was
             delivering
             some
             Tryals
             concerning
             it
             ,
             the
             consideration
             of
             those
             ,
             and
             of
             the
             Nature
             of
             the
             thing
             ,
             suggested
             new
             ones
             to
             me
             .
             But
             't
             is
             high
             time
             I
             should
             break
             off
             an
             Appendix
             ,
             that
             ,
             being
             but
             a
             Rhapsody
             of
             the
             Notes
             and
             other
             things
             ,
             that
             have
             occur'd
             to
             me
             since
             the
             Memoirs
             were
             written
             ,
             may
             I
             fear
             ,
             seem
             already
             too
             prolixe
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             confused
             .
             I
             do
             not
             forget
             ,
             that
             the
             two
             last
             Subordinate
             Titles
             of
             the
             Fourth
             Part
             of
             the
             Memoirs
             ,
             concern
             the
             External
             and
             Internal
             use
             of
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Blood
             in
             Physick
             ;
             and
             that
             therefore
             perchance
             it
             may
             be
             expected
             ,
             that
             I
             should
             here
             add
             some
             Experiments
             or
             Observations
             ,
             relating
             to
             those
             
             Titles
             .
             But
             I
             hope
             the
             lately
             mentioned
             Reasons
             ,
             and
             my
             just
             backwardenss
             to
             part
             with
             some
             of
             them
             ,
             because
             they
             are
             not
             yet
             finished
             ,
             will
             make
             you
             easily
             excuse
             my
             laying
             them
             aside
             ;
             which
             I
             am
             like
             to
             do
             long
             ,
             unless
             you
             ,
             and
             your
             Learned
             Friends
             shall
             peremptorily
             require
             them
             of
             me
             ,
             in
             a
             fitter
             season
             than
             this
             ;
             in
             which
             some
             occasions
             ,
             that
             I
             cannot
             dispense
             with
             ,
             call
             me
             off
             to
             other
             Employments
             ,
             and
             oblige
             me
             to
             leave
             a
             further
             inquiry
             into
             this
             Subject
             to
             your self
             ,
             and
             those
             able
             profess'd
             Physicians
             ,
             who
             have
             ,
             as
             well
             more
             Obligation
             ,
             as
             more
             Ability
             than
             I
             ,
             to
             pursue
             it
             effectually
             .
             This
             I
             may
             well
             hope
             that
             you
             and
             they
             will
             do
             ,
             since
             upon
             a
             cursory
             review
             of
             a
             part
             only
             of
             what
             I
             have
             written
             ,
             so
             many
             things
             sprang
             up
             even
             in
             my
             thoughts
             ,
             as
             
               Original
               Tryals
            
             ,
             if
             I
             may
             so
             call
             them
             ,
             or
             as
             other
             things
             fit
             to
             be
             further
             consider'd
             ,
             that
             I
             perceived
             't
             would
             not
             be
             difficult
             to
             encrease
             the
             Appendix
             ,
             
             by
             two
             sorts
             of
             particulars
             ;
             the
             one
             made
             up
             of
             
               designed
               Experiments
            
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             such
             as
             have
             not
             yet
             been
             try'd
             ,
             and
             yet
             seem
             worthy
             to
             be
             so
             ,
             (
             to
             which
             't
             is
             probable
             our
             excellent
             Verulam
             would
             have
             given
             the
             Title
             of
             
               Historia
               Designata
            
             :
             )
             the
             other
             should
             consist
             of
             such
             Tryals
             as
             I
             call
             ▪
             
               Succedaneous
               Experiments
            
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             such
             as
             I
             intended
             should
             be
             made
             upon
             the
             Blood
             of
             Beasts
             ,
             in
             such
             Cases
             and
             Circumstances
             ,
             wherein
             the
             Blood
             of
             Men
             ,
             either
             cannot
             be
             had
             ,
             or
             ought
             not
             to
             be
             procured
             .
             When
             I
             shall
             next
             have
             the
             happiness
             to
             converse
             with
             you
             ,
             you
             may
             command
             a
             sight
             of
             what
             I
             have
             drawn
             up
             of
             this
             kind
             .
             And
             ,
             if
             God
             shall
             please
             to
             vouchsafe
             me
             Health
             and
             Conveniency
             ,
             I
             may
             perhaps
             (
             for
             I
             must
             not
             absolutely
             promise
             it
             )
             offer
             you
             what
             Addenda
             have
             occur'd
             to
             me
             ,
             as
             things
             not
             unfit
             to
             make
             way
             for
             a
             more
             copious
             ,
             and
             less
             unaccurate
             ,
             Scheme
             of
             Titles
             ,
             such
             as
             those
             that
             in
             the
             first
             part
             (
             of
             the
             Memoirs
             )
             are
             call'd
             
             
               Titles
               of
               the
               Second
               Classis
               ,
               or
               Order
               :
            
             for
             which
             Scheme
             I
             was
             the
             rather
             invited
             to
             think
             it
             fit
             ,
             Materials
             should
             be
             by
             some
             body
             provided
             ,
             because
             second
             thoughts
             made
             me
             sensible
             that
             the
             Particulars
             compil'd
             in
             this
             small
             Book
             ,
             come
             far
             short
             ,
             (
             as
             I
             lately
             acknowledged
             ,
             and
             you
             will
             easily
             believe
             ,
             )
             of
             comprizing
             all
             that
             should
             and
             may
             be
             known
             of
             so
             noble
             and
             useful
             a
             Subject
             ,
             as
             I
             have
             ventur'd
             to
             treat
             of
             .
             And
             I
             will
             freely
             confess
             to
             you
             on
             this
             occasion
             ,
             that
             for
             my
             part
             ,
             in
             the
             prospect
             I
             have
             of
             the
             future
             Advancement
             of
             Humane
             Knowledge
             ,
             I
             think
             most
             of
             those
             Virtuosi
             that
             now
             live
             ,
             must
             content
             themselves
             with
             the
             satisfaction
             ,
             of
             having
             imploy'd
             their
             Intellects
             on
             worthy
             Objects
             ,
             and
             of
             having
             industriously
             endeavoured
             ,
             by
             promoting
             useful
             Knowledge
             ,
             to
             glorify
             God
             and
             serve
             Mankind
             .
             For
             I
             presume
             ,
             that
             our
             enlightned
             Posterity
             will
             arrive
             at
             
             such
             attainments
             ,
             that
             the
             Discoveries
             and
             Performances
             ,
             upon
             which
             the
             present
             Age
             most
             values
             it self
             ,
             will
             appear
             so
             easy
             ,
             or
             so
             inconsiderable
             to
             them
             ,
             that
             they
             will
             be
             tempted
             to
             wonder
             ,
             that
             things
             to
             them
             so
             obvious
             ,
             should
             lye
             so
             long
             conceal'd
             to
             us
             ,
             or
             be
             so
             much
             priz'd
             by
             us
             ;
             whom
             they
             will
             perhaps
             look
             upon
             with
             some
             kind
             of
             disdainful
             Pity
             ,
             unless
             they
             have
             either
             the
             equity
             to
             consider
             ,
             as
             well
             the
             smalness
             of
             our
             helps
             ,
             as
             that
             of
             our
             Attainments
             ;
             or
             the
             generous
             gratitude
             to
             remember
             the
             Difficulties
             this
             Age
             surmounted
             ,
             in
             breaking
             the
             Ice
             ,
             and
             smoothing
             the
             way
             for
             them
             ,
             and
             thereby
             contributing
             to
             those
             Advantages
             ,
             that
             have
             enabled
             them
             so
             much
             to
             surpass
             us
             .
             And
             since
             I
             scruple
             not
             to
             say
             this
             of
             those
             shining
             Wits
             and
             happy
             inquirers
             ,
             that
             illustrate
             and
             ennoble
             this
             learned
             Age
             ,
             I
             hope
             you
             will
             not
             think
             that
             I
             ,
             who
             own
             my self
             to
             be
             more
             fit
             to
             celebrate
             
             than
             Rival
             them
             ,
             would
             disswade
             you
             from
             improving
             and
             surpassing
             the
             slight
             Performances
             ,
             that
             are
             in
             this
             little
             Tract
             submitted
             to
             your
             Judgment
             by
             ,
          
           
             
               Sir
               ,
            
             
               your
               very
               Humble
               Servant
               .
            
             
               Knightsbridge
               ,
               
                 December
                 22
                 ,
                 1683.
                 
              
            
          
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
           A
           Catalogue
           of
           late
           Physick
           Books
           sold
           by
           
             Samuel
             Smith
          
           ,
           at
           the
           
           Prince's
           Arms
           in
           St.
           
             Pauls
             Churchyard
          
           .
        
         
           
             Fol.
             
             
               
                 BOneti
                 Anatomia
                 ,
                 
                   2.
                   
                   Vol.
                   1680.
                
                 
              
               
                 —
                 Mercurius
                 ,
                 1682.
                 
              
               
                 Breinii
                 Plantarum
                 Exoticar
                 .
                 Cent.
                 cum
                 Figuris
                 ,
                 1680.
                 
              
               
                 Fabritii
                 Hildani
                 opera
                 cum
                 Severino
                 ,
                 1682.
                 
              
               
                 Hippocratis
                 Opera
                 Foetii
                 .
              
               
                 Dioscoridis
                 Opera
                 ,
                 
                   G.
                   Lat.
                
                 
              
               
                 Saxoniae
                 Opera
                 .
                 Med.
                 1680.
                 
              
               
                 Piso
                 Hist
                 .
                 naturalis
                 de
                 rebus
                 Indiae
                 .
              
               
                 Schenkii
                 Observat
                 .
                 Med.
                 
              
               
                 Mentzelii
                 Index
                 Plant.
                 cum
                 Figuris
                 ,
                 1683.
                 
              
               
                 Lepenii
                 Bibliotheca
                 Med.
                 1683.
                 
              
               
                 Riverii
                 Opera
                 ,
                 1679.
                 
              
               
                 Zwelferii
                 Pharmacopeia
                 .
              
            
          
           
             Quartoes
             .
             
               
                 Bauhini
                 Pinax
                 cum
                 Prodromo
                 .
              
               
                 Broeckhuysen
                 Oeconomia
                 Corporis
                 Anim.
                 1683.
                 
              
               
                 Boyle
                 Opera
                 omnia
                 ,
                 
                   2
                   vol.
                
                 
              
               
                 Blasii
                 Anatomia
                 ,
                 1681.
                 
              
               
                 Borellus
                 de
                 motu
                 Animalium
                 ,
                 
                   2
                   vol.
                
                 
              
               
                 Bl●ny
                 Zodiacus
                 Galen
                 .
                 Med.
                 Chymicus
                 ,
                 1682.
                 
              
               
                 Bartholini
                 Acta
                 Medica
                 .
              
               
                 Castelli
                 Lexicon
                 Med.
                 1682.
                 
              
               
                 Cardilucii
                 Officina
                 Sanitatis
                 .
              
               
                 Clauderi
                 Methodus
                 Balsamandi
                 .
              
               
                 Cleyer
                 Specimma
                 Medicinae
                 Sinicae
                 ,
                 1682.
                 
              
               
                 Charas
                 Pharmacopeia
                 Regia
                 ,
                 1683.
                 
              
               
                 
                 Diemerbroeck
                 Anatomia
                 .
              
               
                 Fern●lii
                 Opera
                 ,
                 1683.
                 
              
               
                 Van
                 Helmontii
                 Opera
                 ,
                 1682.
                 
              
               
                 Gockelii
                 Deliciae
                 Academicae
                 ,
                 1682.
                 
              
               
                 Hoffmanni
                 Praxis
                 Med.
                 1680.
                 
              
               
                 Helwigii
                 Observationes
                 Med.
                 1680.
                 
              
               
                 Hoffmannus
                 in
                 Schroderum
                 .
              
               
                 Joel
                 Opera
                 medica
                 .
              
               
                 Kyperi
                 Anthropologia
                 corporis
                 humani
                 .
              
               
                 Konig
                 Regnum
                 Animale
                 ,
                 1682.
                 
              
               
                 Kirckringii
                 Specilegium
                 Anatom
                 .
              
               
                 Licetus
                 de
                 Monstris
                 .
              
               
                 Museum
                 Hermetic
                 .
              
               
                 Miscellanea
                 Curiosa
                 M.
                 Physica
                 ,
                 
                   7
                   vol.
                   1682.
                
                 
              
               
                 —
                 Id.
                 Decuria
                 secunda
                 Anni
                 Primi
                 ,
                 1683.
                 
              
               
                 Margravi
                 Materia
                 Medica
                 .
              
               
                 —
                 Prodromus
                 .
              
               
                 Regii
                 Medicina
                 .
              
               
                 Rolfinchius
                 de
                 purgantibus
                 ,
                 1683.
                 
              
               
                 —
                 Ordo
                 &
                 Methodus
                 Med.
                 Specialis
                 .
              
               
                 —
                 Concilia
                 Med.
                 
              
               
                 Sylvii
                 Opera
                 Med.
                 
              
               
                 Schorkii
                 Pharmacopeia
                 .
              
               
                 —
                 Hisi
                 .
                 Moschi
                 .
              
               
                 Ang.
                 Salae
                 Opera
                 med
                 .
                 1682.
                 
              
               
                 Swammerdam
                 miraculum
                 Naturae
                 .
              
               
                 Vigerii
                 Opera
                 med
                 .
              
               
                 Versaschae
                 de
                 Apoplexia
                 .
              
               
                 Waltheri
                 Sylva
                 medica
                 .
              
               
                 Welschii
                 Decades
                 X.
                 med
                 .
              
               
                 Wedelii
                 Opiologia
                 .
              
               
                 —
                 Physiologia
                 Med.
                 
              
               
                 —
                 Pharmacia
                 .
              
               
                 
                 —
                 de
                 medicam
                 .
                 facultatibus
                 .
              
               
                 —
                 de
                 medicam
                 .
                 compositione
                 .
              
               
                 Wepferi
                 cicutae
                 Aquaticae
                 .
              
               
                 Zwelferi
                 Pharmacop
                 .
              
            
          
           
             Octavoes
             .
             
               
                 Borelli
                 Observat
                 .
                 Med.
                 
              
               
                 Barthol
                 .
                 Anatomia
                 .
              
               
                 Beckeri
                 Physica
                 subterranea
                 cum
                 supplemento
                 ,
                 1681.
                 
              
               
                 Brunneri
                 Experimenta
                 nova
                 circa
                 Pancreas
                 ,
                 1682.
                 
              
               
                 Camerarii
                 Sylloges
                 memorabilium
                 Med.
                 
                   2
                   vol.
                   1683.
                
                 
              
               
                 Deckeri
                 Exercitationis
                 Med
                 pract
                 .
              
               
                 Dodonaei
                 Praxis
                 Medica
                 .
              
               
                 Franchiment
                 Lithotomia
                 Med.
                 1683.
                 
              
               
                 Funerwalfi
                 Anatomia
                 .
              
               
                 Gockelii
                 Concilia
                 &
                 observat
                 .
                 Med.
                 1683.
                 
              
               
                 De
                 Graaf
                 Opera
                 .
              
               
                 Grulichius
                 de
                 Hydrope
                 ,
                 1681.
                 
              
               
                 —
                 De
                 Bile
                 ,
                 1682.
                 
              
               
                 Hartmanni
                 Praxis
                 Chymiatrica
                 ,
                 1682.
                 
              
               
                 Heido
                 Anatome
                 nytuli
                 &
                 observat
                 .
                 Med.
                 1684.
                 
              
               
                 Hippocratis
                 Opera
                 ,
                 
                   2
                   vol.
                
                 
              
               
                 Juncken
                 Chymia
                 Experimentalis
                 ,
                 1681
                 :
              
               
                 Medicus
                 praesenti
                 Seculo
                 Accommodat
                 .
                 1682.
                 
              
               
                 Liseri
                 Culter
                 Anatomicus
                 :
              
               
                 Ma●chetti
                 Anatomia
                 :
              
               
                 Meekren
                 Observat
                 .
                 Med.
                 Chyrur
                 .
                 1682
                 :
              
               
                 Mereti
                 Pinax
                 :
              
               
                 Plateri
                 Observat
                 .
                 Med.
                 
              
               
                 Peonis
                 &
                 Pythagor
                 .
                 Exercit.
                 Anat.
                 &
                 Med.
                 1682
                 :
              
               
                 
                 Riverii
                 Institutiones
                 :
              
               
                 Schroderi
                 Pharmacopeia
                 :
              
               
                 Swalve
                 Quaerelae
                 Ventriculi
                 :
              
               
                 —
                 Alcali
                 &
                 acidum
                 :
              
               
                 Tilingii
                 Lilium
                 Curiosum
                 ,
                 1683
                 :
              
               
                 Tilingii
                 Prodromus
                 ,
                 med
                 .
              
               
                 Versaschae
                 Observat
                 .
                 med
                 .
              
               
                 Wepferi
                 de
                 Apoplexia
                 :
              
               
                 Witten
                 memoria
                 medicor
                 .
              
               
                 Zypaei
                 Fundamenta
                 med
                 ,
                 1683
                 :
              
            
          
           
             Twelves
             .
             
               
                 Barthol
                 .
                 De
                 Ovariis
                 :
              
               
                 —
                 De
                 Unicornu
                 :
              
               
                 —
                 De
                 Pulmonum
                 substantia
                 :
              
               
                 Beughen
                 Bibliographia
                 Med.
                 &
                 Physica
                 ,
                 1682
                 :
              
               
                 Barbetti
                 Chyrurgia
                 :
              
               
                 —
                 Praxis
                 cum
                 notis
                 Deckerii
                 :
              
               
                 Beguini
                 Tyrocinium
                 Chymicum
                 :
              
               
                 Comelini
                 Catalogus
                 Plantarum
                 ,
                 1682
                 :
              
               
                 Drelincourt
                 Praeludium
                 Anat.
                 
              
               
                 Guiuri
                 Arcanum
                 Acidular
                 .
                 1682
                 :
              
               
                 Glissoni
                 Opuscula
                 ,
                 
                   3
                   vol.
                
                 
              
               
                 Van
                 Helmont
                 .
                 Fundamenta
                 Med.
                 1682
                 :
              
               
                 Hoffmanus
                 de
                 usu
                 Lienis
                 ,
                 
                   &c.
                   
                   1682
                
                 :
              
               
                 Harvey
                 de
                 Gener.
                 Animal
                 .
              
               
                 —
                 De
                 motu
                 cordis
                 :
              
               
                 Kirckring
                 .
                 in
                 Basil
                 Valent.
                 currum
                 Triumph
                 .
              
               
                 Kunckelii
                 Observat
                 .
                 Chymiae
                 ,
                 1681
                 :
              
               
                 Le
                 Mort
                 Compendium
                 Chymicum
                 ,
                 1682
                 :
              
               
                 Mauro
                 Cordatus
                 de
                 motu
                 Pulmonum
                 ,
                 1682.
                 
              
               
                 Macasii
                 Promptuarium
                 Materiae
                 Med.
                 
              
               
                 
                 Matthaei
                 Experimenta
                 Chymica
                 ,
                 1683
                 :
              
               
                 Muis
                 Praxis
                 Chyrurgica
                 duabus
                 partibus
                 ,
                 1684.
                 
              
               
                 Morelli
                 Methodus
                 perscribendi
                 formulas
                 Remedior
                 .
              
               
                 Primerose
                 ars
                 Pharmac
                 .
              
               
                 Pecket
                 Anatomia
                 :
              
               
                 Redus
                 de
                 Insectis
                 :
              
               
                 Reidimi
                 Observ
                 .
                 med
                 .
              
               
                 Rivinus
                 de
                 peste
                 lipsiensi
                 .
                 1680
                 :
              
               
                 Smitzii
                 Compena
                 .
                 med
                 .
                 1682
                 :
              
               
                 Stockhameri
                 Microcosmographia
                 ,
                 1682
                 :
              
               
                 Verlae
                 Anat.
                 Oculi
                 :
              
               
                 Vigani
                 Medulla
                 Chymiae
                 :
              
            
          
        
         
           
             Advertisement
             .
          
           THat
           these
           above
           mentioned
           Books
           in
           Physick
           and
           Chymistry
           ,
           with
           many
           other
           Forreign
           Books
           ,
           are
           sold
           by
           
             Samuel
             Smith
          
           ,
           at
           the
           
           Prince's
           Arms
           in
           St.
           
             Pauls
             Church-yard
          
           ;
           and
           that
           he
           will
           furnish
           himself
           with
           much
           variety
           of
           new
           Books
           in
           that
           kind
           ,
           from
           time
           to
           time
           ,
           as
           they
           shall
           come
           from
           Franckfort
           Mart
           ;
           and
           likewise
           he
           can
           procure
           such
           other
           Books
           for
           Gentlemen
           ,
           which
           perhaps
           are
           not
           to
           be
           met
           with
           here
           ,
           from
           his
           Correspondents
           ,
           if
           to
           be
           had
           ,
           beyond
           Sea.
           
        
      
       
         
           Books
           Printed
           for
           ,
           and
           sold
           by
           
             Samuel
             Smith
          
           .
        
         
           THe
           Philosophical
           Transactions
           published
           by
           the
           Royal
           Society
           Monthly
           ,
           
           beginning
           January
           1683
           :
        
         
           
             The
             whole
             Art
             of
             the
             Stage
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           Translated
           out
           of
           French
           :
           In
           Quarto
           ,
           1684
           price
           5.
           s.
           
        
         
           A
           new
           History
           of
           Ethiopia
           ,
           being
           a
           full
           and
           Accurate
           Description
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           Abessinia
           ,
           vulgarly
           though
           erroneously
           ,
           called
           the
           Empire
           of
           
             Prester
             John
          
           in
           four
           Books
           (
           illustrated
           with
           many
           Copper
           Plates
           )
           and
           also
           a
           new
           and
           exact
           Map
           of
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           and
           a
           Preface
           shewing
           the
           usefulness
           of
           this
           History
           ;
           with
           the
           life
           of
           
             Gregorius
             Abba
             ,
             &c.
          
           
           By
           the
           learned
           
             Job
             Ludolphus
          
           Councellour
           to
           his
           Imperial
           Majesty
           and
           the
           Dukes
           of
           Saxony
           ,
           and
           Treasurer
           to
           his
           Highness
           ,
           the
           Elector
           Palatine
           ,
           In
           Fol.
           1684.
           
           Price
           12.
           s.
           
        
         
           
             Guideon's
             Fleece
          
           ,
           or
           a
           vindication
           of
           the
           Colledge
           of
           Physicians
           ,
           in
           answer
           to
           a
           Book
           intituled
           the
           Conclave
           of
           Physicians
           .
           By
           Dr.
           Harvey
           ,
           in
           Quarto
           ,
           1684.
           
           Pr.
           6.
           d.
           
        
         
           An
           Anatomical
           account
           of
           an
           Elephant
           which
           was
           lately
           Dissected
           in
           
             Dublin
             ,
             June
          
           17
           ,
           in
           the
           year
           1681.
           
           By
           A.
           M.
           Med.
           of
           
             Trinity
             Colledge
          
           near
           Dublin
           ,
           illustrated
           with
           Cuts
           ,
           in
           Quarto
           ,
           1682.
           
           Price
           1.
           s.
           
        
         
           
             Swammerdami
             (
             Johan
             .
             )
             Amst
             .
          
           M.
           D.
           
             Miraculum
             Naturae
          
           .
           In
           Octavo
           .
        
         
           The
           true
           method
           of
           curing
           Consumptions
           .
           By
           
             S.
             H.
          
           Med.
           D.
           1683.
           
           Price
           1.
           s.
           
        
         
           A
           Discourse
           about
           
           Bagnio's
           ,
           and
           
             Mineral
             
             Baths
          
           ,
           and
           of
           the
           drinking
           of
           
             Spaw
             Water
          
           ,
           with
           an
           Account
           of
           the
           Medicinal
           Vertues
           of
           them
           ,
           and
           also
           shewing
           the
           usefulness
           of
           Sweating
           ,
           Rubbing
           ,
           and
           Bathing
           ,
           and
           the
           great
           benefit
           many
           have
           received
           from
           them
           in
           various
           Distempers
           .
           By
           
             S.
             H.
             Med.
             Doct.
          
           1683.
           
           Price
           1.
           s.
           
        
         
           Miracles
           ,
           Works
           above
           and
           contrary
           to
           Nature
           ;
           or
           an
           Answer
           to
           a
           late
           Translation
           out
           of
           
             Spinosa's
             Tractatus
             Theologice-politicus
          
           ,
           Mr.
           
             Hobs
             Leviathan
          
           ,
           &c.
           in
           Quarto
           ,
           1683.
           
           Price
           1.
           s.
           
        
         
           A
           Treatise
           of
           
             Self
             Examination
          
           ,
           in
           order
           to
           the
           worthy
           receiving
           the
           Holy
           Communion
           .
           By
           Monsieur
           
             John
             Claude
          
           Minister
           of
           the
           Reformed
           Church
           at
           Paris
           :
           Translated
           from
           the
           French
           Original
           ,
           in
           Twelves
           ,
           1683.
           
           Price
           1
           s.
           
        
         
           
             Protestancy
             to
             be
             Embraced
          
           ;
           or
           a
           new
           and
           infallible
           Method
           to
           reduce
           Romanists
           from
           Popery
           to
           Protestancy
           .
           By
           Dr.
           Abercromby
           ,
           M.
           D.
           in
           Twelves
           ,
           1683.
           pr.
           1.
           s.
           
        
         
           
             The
             Art
             of
             Divine
             Converse
          
           ,
           being
           a
           New
           Years-Gift
           ,
           directing
           how
           to
           walk
           with
           God
           all
           the
           year
           long
           ,
           (
           by
           the
           same
           Author
           )
           in
           
             Twelves
             ,
             price
          
           6
           d.
           
        
         
           The
           Councils
           of
           Wisdom
           ,
           or
           the
           Maxims
           of
           Solomon
           ,
           in
           Twelves
           ,
           1683.
           pr.
           1
           s.
           
        
         
           The
           Ten
           Pleasures
           of
           Marriage
           .
           In
           Twelves
           .
        
         
           The
           
             Dutch
             Rogue
          
           ,
           or
           Gusman
           of
           Amsterdam
           ,
           traced
           from
           the
           Cradle
           to
           the
           Gallow's
           ,
           1683.
           
           In
           Twelves
           .
        
         
      
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A28998-e2810
           
             Of
             this
             Salt
             see
             the
             Notes
             referr'd
             to
             the
             22d
             Title
             .
          
        
         
           Notes for div A28998-e5550
           
             a
             The
             usefulness
             of
             Experimental
             Philosophy
             .
          
           
             a
             See
             the
             viii
             .
             Title
             .
          
           
             a
             About
             the
             Mechanical
             Origine
             or
             Production
             of
             Qualities
             .
          
           
             See
             the
             Producibility
             of
             Chymical
             Principles
             .
          
           
             
               Spiritus
               Vitae
            
             N.
             16.
             
             Pag.
             M.
             122.