The history of the glorious life, reign, and death of the illustrious Queen Elizabeth containing an account by what means the Reformation was promoted and established, and what obstructions it met with, the assistance she gave to all Protestants abroad, the several attempts of the papists upon her life, the excommunications of Rome, Bishop Jewel's challenge to the papists, the several victories she gained, and more particularly that in 1588 ... / by S. Clark ; illustrated with pictures of some considerable matters, curiously ingraven in copper plates.
         Clarke, Samuel, 1599-1682.
      
       
         
           1682
        
      
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             The history of the glorious life, reign, and death of the illustrious Queen Elizabeth containing an account by what means the Reformation was promoted and established, and what obstructions it met with, the assistance she gave to all Protestants abroad, the several attempts of the papists upon her life, the excommunications of Rome, Bishop Jewel's challenge to the papists, the several victories she gained, and more particularly that in 1588 ... / by S. Clark ; illustrated with pictures of some considerable matters, curiously ingraven in copper plates.
             Clarke, Samuel, 1599-1682.
          
           [9], 204 p., [3] leaves of plates : ill., port.
           
             Printed for Henry Rodes ...,
             London :
             1682.
          
           
             Reproduction of original in Huntington Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Elizabeth -- I, -- Queen of England, 1533-1603.
        
      
    
     
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           THE
           HISTORY
           OF
           THE
           GLORIOUS
           Life
           ,
           Reign
           ,
           and
           Death
           Of
           the
           ILLUSTRIOUS
           Queen
           ELIZABETH
           .
        
         
           CONTAINING
        
         
           An
           Account
           by
           what
           means
           the
           Reformation
           was
           promoted
           and
           established
           ,
           and
           what
           Obstructions
           it
           met
           with
           :
           the
           Assistance
           she
           gave
           to
           all
           Protestants
           abroad
           ;
           the
           several
           Attempts
           of
           the
           Papists
           upon
           her
           Life
           ;
           the
           Excommunications
           of
           Rome
           ;
           Bishop
           Jewel's
           Challenge
           to
           the
           Papists
           ;
           the
           several
           Victories
           she
           gained
           ;
           and
           more
           particularly
           that
           in
           1588
           ;
           with
           all
           the
           other
           Remarkable
           Occurrences
           of
           that
           time
           .
        
         
           By
           
             S.
             CLARK
          
           .
        
         
           
             Illustrated
             with
             Pictures
             of
             some
             considerable
             matters
             ,
             curiously
             ingraven
             in
             Copper
             Plates
             .
          
        
         
           London
           ,
           Printed
           for
           
             Henry
             Rodes
          
           ,
           next
           door
           to
           the
           
             Bear
             Tavern
          
           ,
           near
           
             Bride
             Lane
          
           ,
           in
           Fleet-street
           .
           1682.
           
        
      
       
         
         
         
           TO
           THE
           READER
           .
        
         
           
             Reader
             ,
          
        
         
           I
           Here
           present
           thee
           with
           the
           Glorious
           Life
           and
           Reign
           of
           the
           ever
           Renowned
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ;
           a
           Piece
           as
           full
           of
           various
           Occurrences
           and
           Transactions
           ,
           as
           can
           well
           be
           comprehended
           in
           so
           small
           a
           Volume
           .
           Thou
           hast
           here
           an
           Account
           of
           the
           many
           Persecutions
           she
           suffered
           
           both
           under
           the
           Reign
           of
           her
           Father
           ,
           and
           that
           of
           her
           Sister
           ,
           from
           her
           Mortal
           Enemies
           ,
           the
           Blood-thirsty
           Papists
           ;
           and
           how
           ,
           after
           that
           ,
           it
           had
           pleased
           God
           to
           shield
           her
           from
           all
           their
           Execrable
           Designs
           and
           Attempts
           .
           Being
           placed
           upon
           the
           Throne
           of
           her
           Ancestors
           ,
           she
           introduced
           the
           Reformed
           Religion
           ,
           regulating
           it
           according
           to
           the
           
             Word
             of
             God
             ,
             the
             General
             Consent
             of
             the
             Fathers
             ,
             the
             Practice
             of
             the
          
           
           
             Primitive
             Times
             ,
             and
             the
             Example
             of
             such
             Churches
             as
             were
             freest
             from
             Superstition
             and
             Idolatry
             .
          
           Here
           is
           likewise
           a
           Relation
           of
           the
           several
           Commotions
           in
           
             England
             ,
             Scotland
          
           ,
           and
           Ireland
           ,
           and
           by
           what
           means
           raised
           and
           suppressed
           .
           Thou
           art
           here
           also
           entertained
           with
           a
           Faithful
           Narrative
           of
           the
           Supplies
           she
           gave
           to
           those
           of
           the
           Reformed
           Religion
           abroad
           ,
           and
           the
           Courses
           she
           took
           to
           defend
           and
           promote
           
           Protestantism
           in
           the
           Dominions
           of
           her
           Neighbours
           ;
           The
           whole
           Affair
           of
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           is
           herein
           couched
           ;
           the
           several
           Conspiracies
           of
           the
           Papists
           against
           her
           Life
           during
           her
           Reign
           ,
           inserted
           ,
           and
           the
           utter
           Defeat
           of
           the
           ,
           so
           called
           ,
           
             Invincible
             Armado
          
           in
           Eighty
           Eight
           ,
           represented
           ;
           with
           all
           her
           other
           Victories
           ,
           both
           over
           the
           French
           and
           Spaniard
           ;
           and
           an
           Account
           of
           the
           Veneration
           and
           Respect
           that
           
           the
           
             Great
             Turk
          
           himself
           ,
           and
           the
           most
           barbarous
           Princes
           of
           that
           time
           ,
           had
           for
           this
           Illustrious
           Queen
           ;
           with
           all
           the
           other
           material
           Circumstances
           of
           her
           Victorious
           Life
           and
           Reign
           :
           wherein
           ,
           if
           thou
           meetest
           with
           that
           Satisfaction
           I
           desire
           thee
           ,
           I
           shall
           think
           my
           Endeavours
           well
           bestowed
           .
        
         
           
             S.
             CLARK
             .
          
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
         
           THE
           HISTORY
           OF
           THE
           Life
           ,
           and
           Glorious
           Reign
           OF
           Queen
           ELIZABETH
           .
        
         
           ELizabeth
           ,
           the
           youngest
           Daughter
           of
           King
           Henry
           the
           Eighth
           ,
           was
           born
           at
           Greenwich
           on
           the
           7th
           day
           of
           September
           1533.
           
           Her
           Mother
           being
           Queen
           
             Anne
             Bollen
          
           ,
           the
           Eldest
           Daughter
           of
           
             Thomas
             Bollen
          
           Earl
           of
           Wiltshire
           ,
           and
           of
           Elizabeth
           his
           Wife
           ,
           one
           of
           the
           Daughters
           of
           
             Thomas
             Howard
          
           Duke
           of
           Norfolk
           ,
           and
           Earl
           Marshal
           of
           England
           .
           Now
           
             Anne
             Bollen
          
           ,
           in
           her
           tender
           years
           ,
           attending
           on
           Mary
           the
           French
           Queen
           ,
           to
           the
           Court
           of
           France
           ,
           was
           ,
           after
           that
           Queens
           return
           ,
           placed
           in
           the
           Retinue
           of
           the
           Dutchess
           of
           
           Alanzon
           ,
           where
           she
           got
           ,
           in
           perfection
           ,
           both
           the
           French
           Language
           and
           Air.
           She
           so
           abounded
           in
           all
           the
           Gifts
           of
           Nature
           ,
           that
           she
           became
           the
           most
           celebrated
           Beauty
           of
           that
           Court
           ;
           and
           returned
           to
           her
           own
           Countrey
           ,
           with
           all
           those
           Advantages
           that
           the
           French
           Breeding
           can
           add
           to
           an
           English
           Beauty
           .
           Whereupon
           ,
           being
           admitted
           amongst
           the
           Queen's
           Maids
           of
           Honour
           ,
           at
           the
           Age
           of
           two
           and
           twenty
           years
           ,
           King
           Henry
           being
           thirty
           eight
           years
           old
           ,
           and
           overcome
           with
           the
           Excellency
           of
           her
           Charms
           ,
           and
           the
           gracefulness
           of
           her
           Behaviour
           ,
           endeavoured
           to
           make
           her
           his
           Wife
           ,
           in
           hopes
           of
           Issue
           Male.
           
        
         
           Now
           some
           time
           before
           this
           Ladie
           's
           return
           from
           France
           ,
           King
           Henry
           ,
           being
           ,
           after
           seventeen
           years
           Marriage
           ,
           something
           disgusted
           with
           the
           Bigottry
           ,
           Reservedness
           ,
           and
           Spanish
           Gravity
           of
           Queen
           Katharine
           ,
           he
           became
           very
           susceptible
           of
           the
           Doubts
           and
           Scruples
           that
           were
           insinuated
           by
           the
           Ministers
           of
           the
           French
           King
           ,
           concerning
           the
           lawfulness
           of
           his
           Marriage
           with
           Queen
           Katharine
           ,
           his
           Brother
           Arthur's
           Wife
           .
           The
           like
           being
           started
           by
           those
           of
           the
           Emperour
           ,
           concerning
           the
           Legitimation
           of
           the
           Lady
           Mary
           ,
           and
           all
           these
           fomented
           
           by
           Cardinal
           Wolsey
           ;
           who
           being
           disappointed
           of
           the
           Popedom
           ,
           and
           the
           Archbishoprick
           of
           Toledo
           ,
           both
           which
           the
           Emperour
           had
           flattered
           his
           hopes
           with
           ;
           He
           resolved
           to
           promote
           a
           Divorce
           ,
           for
           the
           better
           effecting
           his
           Revenge
           on
           the
           Emperour
           ;
           and
           the
           Measures
           he
           had
           taken
           with
           France
           ,
           by
           proposing
           a
           Match
           between
           Henry
           and
           that
           King's
           Sister
           ,
           and
           concluding
           a
           League
           with
           the
           French
           ,
           when
           they
           were
           at
           the
           lowest
           Ebb
           of
           Fortune
           .
           In
           consideration
           of
           which
           ,
           the
           English
           remitted
           unto
           them
           a
           Debt
           of
           500000
           Crowns
           ,
           partly
           accruing
           by
           some
           former
           Contracts
           ,
           and
           partly
           for
           the
           payment
           of
           the
           Forfeiture
           incurred
           by
           Charles
           the
           Emperour
           ,
           with
           which
           the
           French
           King
           had
           charged
           himself
           by
           the
           Capitulations
           .
        
         
           Hereupon
           ,
           the
           King
           maketh
           it
           his
           Request
           to
           the
           Pope
           ,
           that
           he
           would
           send
           Delegates
           into
           England
           ,
           to
           hear
           and
           examine
           this
           Business
           :
           To
           which
           end
           ,
           the
           Pope
           appointed
           the
           Cardinals
           ,
           Campeius
           and
           Wolsey
           :
           But
           the
           Pope
           did
           privily
           deliver
           a
           Bull
           to
           Campeius
           ,
           wherein
           ,
           seeming
           to
           be
           favourable
           to
           the
           King's
           Request
           ,
           he
           granted
           all
           things
           ,
           in
           case
           it
           should
           happen
           that
           the
           Marriage
           contracted
           
           with
           Queen
           Katharine
           were
           declared
           Null
           ,
           and
           no
           Marriage
           .
           But
           this
           Bull
           was
           either
           to
           be
           concealed
           or
           published
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           Success
           of
           the
           Emperour's
           Affairs
           in
           Italy
           .
           Now
           were
           Questions
           every
           where
           started
           and
           handled
           ,
           Whether
           it
           were
           allowed
           of
           by
           God's
           Law
           for
           the
           Brother
           to
           take
           to
           Wife
           the
           Brother's
           Widow
           ?
           and
           if
           this
           were
           forbidden
           by
           the
           Law
           of
           God
           ,
           whether
           it
           might
           not
           be
           made
           Lawful
           by
           the
           Pope's
           Dispensation
           ?
           But
           when
           several
           of
           the
           Universities
           of
           Christendom
           ,
           as
           likewise
           many
           of
           the
           Learned
           men
           of
           that
           Age
           ,
           had
           asserted
           such
           a
           Marriage
           to
           be
           repugnant
           to
           the
           Sacred
           Laws
           of
           both
           Testaments
           ,
           notwithstanding
           the
           Pope's
           Dispensation
           ,
           the
           King
           became
           daily
           more
           charmed
           with
           
             Anne
             Bollen
          
           ;
           which
           being
           discovered
           by
           Wolsey
           ,
           it
           not
           only
           cooled
           his
           Zeal
           in
           promoting
           the
           Divorce
           ,
           but
           made
           him
           endeavour
           ,
           and
           procure
           of
           the
           Bishop
           of
           Rome
           ,
           not
           to
           confirm
           the
           Judgments
           of
           the
           Universities
           ;
           by
           reason
           that
           
             Anne
             Bollen
          
           ,
           being
           extremely
           addicted
           to
           the
           Doctrine
           of
           the
           Protestants
           ,
           had
           conceived
           a
           great
           Aversion
           against
           him
           for
           his
           Pride
           and
           Ambition
           .
           Whereupon
           the
           
           Pope
           ,
           notwithstanding
           the
           Supplications
           of
           the
           Prelates
           ,
           Nobility
           ,
           and
           Clergy
           of
           England
           ,
           for
           the
           confirming
           ,
           by
           his
           Apostolical
           Authority
           ,
           what
           the
           two
           Universities
           of
           this
           Land
           ,
           that
           of
           Paris
           ,
           and
           several
           others
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           divers
           Just
           and
           Learned
           men
           ,
           had
           affirmed
           to
           be
           true
           ,
           and
           were
           ready
           to
           maintain
           and
           defend
           ,
           as
           well
           by
           Word
           as
           Writing
           ;
           I
           say
           ,
           notwithstanding
           such
           manifold
           Assertions
           ,
           the
           Cause
           being
           prolonged
           and
           delayed
           ,
           both
           at
           Rome
           and
           in
           England
           ,
           without
           Consideration
           had
           to
           the
           King
           's
           having
           defended
           the
           Apostolick
           See
           by
           his
           Sword
           ,
           Pen
           ,
           Word
           and
           Authority
           ,
           the
           King
           grows
           exasperated
           at
           the
           Court
           of
           Rome
           ,
           and
           resolves
           to
           make
           way
           through
           all
           Obstacles
           which
           might
           stand
           betwixt
           Him
           and
           the
           accomplishment
           of
           his
           Desires
           ;
           wherefore
           he
           first
           sends
           back
           Campeius
           ,
           an
           Alien
           born
           ,
           then
           caused
           Wolsey
           to
           be
           Indicted
           and
           Attainted
           in
           a
           
             〈…〉
             nire
          
           ;
           and
           not
           long
           after
           ,
           by
           the
           counsel
           of
           
             Thomas
             Cromwel
          
           ,
           (
           who
           ●●d
           formerly
           sollicited
           the
           Cardinal's
           Business
           i●
           the
           Legantine
           Court
           )
           involves
           the
           whole
           Body
           of
           the
           Clergy
           in
           the
           same
           Crime
           with
           him
           .
           By
           the
           Instigations
           and
           ●●●swasions
           
           of
           this
           man
           ,
           he
           requires
           the
           Clergy
           to
           acknowledge
           Him
           for
           
             Supreme
             Head
             ,
             on
             Earth
             ,
             of
             the
             Church
             of
          
           England
           ;
           nor
           that
           any
           new
           Canons
           or
           Constitutions
           could
           be
           made
           or
           executed
           ,
           otherwise
           than
           by
           his
           Consent
           and
           Allowance
           .
           Thus
           ,
           the
           King
           ,
           being
           grown
           more
           confident
           in
           the
           Equity
           and
           Justice
           of
           his
           Cause
           ,
           by
           the
           Determinations
           of
           most
           of
           the
           Universities
           abroad
           ,
           and
           his
           own
           Clergy
           at
           home
           ,
           and
           wanting
           no
           Encouragement
           from
           the
           French
           King
           ,
           for
           the
           promoting
           of
           his
           business
           ;
           he
           advanced
           
             Anne
             Bollen
          
           to
           the
           Honour
           of
           Marchioness
           of
           Pembroke
           ,
           took
           her
           to
           Wife
           ,
           and
           gave
           Order
           for
           her
           being
           inaugurated
           Queen
           .
        
         
           By
           this
           Marriage
           ,
           as
           we
           have
           already
           said
           ,
           was
           born
           the
           Lady
           Elizabeth
           .
           And
           shortly
           after
           ,
           the
           said
           Marriage
           contracted
           with
           Queen
           Katharine
           ,
           was
           ,
           by
           the
           Authority
           of
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           judged
           void
           and
           incestuous
           ;
           and
           this
           with
           Queen
           Anne
           ,
           lawful
           ,
           and
           agreeeable
           to
           the
           Word
           of
           God
           ,
           the
           Crown
           to
           be
           entayled
           on
           the
           Kings
           Heirs
           Males
           ,
           to
           be
           begotten
           on
           her
           Body
           ,
           and
           for
           default
           o●
           such
           Issue
           ,
           on
           the
           Princess
           Elizabeth
           ;
           and
           
           Queen
           Katharine's
           Daughter
           ,
           the
           Lady
           Mary
           ,
           was
           declared
           illegitimate
           :
           an
           Oath
           was
           likewise
           devised
           in
           defence
           of
           the
           said
           Succession
           ,
           and
           some
           Persons
           executed
           for
           the
           refusal
           of
           that
           Oath
           .
           And
           Pope
           Paul
           the
           Third
           ,
           designing
           to
           renew
           His
           Sentence
           against
           this
           Marriage
           ,
           the
           States
           of
           the
           Realm
           ,
           assembled
           in
           Parliament
           ,
           confirmed
           what
           the
           Clergy
           had
           before
           declared
           ,
           that
           is
           ,
           That
           the
           King
           was
           
             Supream
             Head
             of
             the
             Church
             of
             England
             ,
             with
             all
             manner
             of
             Authority
             to
             reform
             Errors
             ,
             Heresies
             ,
             and
             Abuses
             in
             the
             same
             .
          
           However
           ,
           She
           had
           scarce
           been
           fully
           married
           three
           Years
           ,
           than
           that
           ,
           miscarrying
           of
           a
           Son
           ,
           the
           King
           grew
           extreamly
           discontented
           ,
           looking
           upon
           it
           as
           an
           Argument
           of
           Gods
           displeasure
           ,
           as
           being
           as
           much
           offended
           at
           this
           second
           Marriage
           ,
           as
           he
           was
           at
           the
           first
           ;
           And
           though
           she
           used
           all
           lawful
           Arts
           of
           Love
           and
           Entertainment
           for
           the
           inflaming
           his
           Passion
           ,
           he
           grew
           as
           weary
           of
           her
           gay
           and
           merry
           Humour
           ,
           as
           he
           had
           been
           formerly
           at
           the
           Gravity
           and
           Reservedness
           of
           Katharine
           .
           So
           that
           falling
           in
           love
           with
           
             Jane
             Ser
             〈…〉
          
           ,
           one
           of
           the
           Queens
           Maids
           of
           Honour
           ,
           and
           a
           person
           of
           extraordinary
           Pe●●●y
           ,
           He
           
           put
           in
           practice
           all
           the
           cruel
           Acts
           that
           His
           Jealousie
           and
           Aversion
           to
           the
           present
           Queen
           could
           inspire
           him
           with
           ;
           and
           at
           length
           ,
           to
           make
           way
           for
           his
           New
           Passion
           ,
           he
           caused
           Queen
           Ann
           to
           be
           brought
           to
           her
           Tryal
           ,
           as
           being
           accused
           of
           Adultery
           and
           Incest
           .
           And
           being
           condemned
           ,
           though
           she
           made
           so
           good
           a
           defence
           as
           perswaded
           all
           the
           world
           of
           her
           Innocenee
           ;
           she
           went
           to
           the
           Sca●fold
           with
           great
           Chearfulness
           ,
           Praying
           most
           fervently
           for
           the
           King
           ,
           and
           asserting
           her
           Innocence
           to
           the
           very
           last
           .
        
         
           The
           King
           ,
           the
           very
           next
           day
           after
           ,
           marryeth
           
             Jane
             Seymour
          
           ,
           and
           causeth
           a
           Solemn
           Instrument
           to
           pass
           under
           the
           Seal
           of
           the
           Arch-bishop
           of
           Canterbury
           ,
           by
           which
           the
           Marriage
           with
           
             Anne
             Bollen
          
           is
           declared
           null
           and
           void
           ,
           and
           the
           Lady
           Elizabeth
           ,
           the
           only
           Issue
           of
           this
           Marriage
           ,
           to
           be
           illegitimate
           ;
           which
           Sentence
           was
           pronounced
           at
           Lambeth
           on
           the
           17th
           of
           May
           following
           ,
           in
           the
           presence
           of
           several
           of
           the
           Principal
           Ministers
           ,
           Nobility
           and
           Clergy
           ,
           and
           was
           afterwards
           confirmed
           by
           Authority
           of
           Parliament
           .
        
         
           Queen
           Jane
           fell
           in
           labour
           of
           Pri
           〈…〉
           Edward
           ,
           and
           died
           presently
           after
           the
           
           Prince
           was
           brought
           into
           the
           World
           ;
           who
           was
           cut
           out
           of
           her
           Womb
           ,
           and
           succeeded
           his
           Father
           in
           his
           Kingdom
           .
           The
           King
           being
           little
           concerned
           at
           his
           Wives
           Death
           ,
           looks
           out
           for
           New
           Amours
           both
           in
           France
           and
           Italy
           ,
           that
           he
           might
           thereby
           procure
           Friends
           ,
           and
           strengthen
           himself
           by
           Alliances
           .
           For
           that
           he
           was
           grown
           fearful
           of
           the
           Nobility
           ,
           lest
           they
           ,
           who
           had
           already
           influenced
           several
           Commotions
           and
           Rebellions
           at
           home
           ,
           should
           likewise
           joyn
           with
           a
           foreign
           Enemy
           ;
           for
           which
           reason
           ,
           he
           caused
           several
           of
           them
           to
           be
           executed
           .
           He
           likewise
           put
           frequently
           to
           Death
           Religious
           Men
           ,
           for
           their
           stiff
           and
           resolute
           Asserting
           the
           Pope's
           Authority
           ,
           and
           causeth
           the
           great
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           he
           had
           already
           done
           the
           small
           Abbeys
           ,
           to
           be
           demolished
           ,
           and
           confiscated
           their
           Wealth
           to
           his
           own
           use
           ;
           which
           he
           did
           by
           reason
           of
           vicious
           Lives
           and
           dissolute
           Courses
           they
           led
           in
           those
           Religious
           Houses
           ;
           and
           he
           likewise
           causeth
           the
           Protestants
           to
           be
           burned
           as
           Hereticks
           ,
           by
           a
           Law
           called
           the
           six
           Articles
           ,
           made
           against
           those
           who
           ●mpugned
           the
           Doctrine
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           ,
           touching
           Transubstantiation
           ,
           one
           ●ind
           of
           the
           Eucharist
           ,
           the
           unmarried
           life
           
           of
           Priests
           ,
           Vows
           ,
           private
           Mass
           ,
           and
           Auricular
           Confession
           .
           By
           these
           means
           ,
           being
           grown
           terrible
           to
           his
           own
           Subjects
           ,
           and
           being
           looked
           upon
           as
           Tyrannical
           by
           Foreigners
           ;
           he
           was
           both
           rejected
           by
           Mary
           of
           Lorrain
           ,
           Daughter
           to
           the
           Duke
           of
           Guise
           ,
           whom
           he
           demanded
           in
           marriage
           ,
           and
           was
           Rival
           therein
           to
           James
           King
           of
           Sootland
           ,
           and
           likewise
           by
           Christiana
           of
           Denmark
           ,
           Dutchess
           of
           Millain
           ,
           Neece
           to
           Charles
           the
           5th
           ,
           who
           declared
           ,
           That
           she
           would
           willingly
           give
           an
           Arm
           ,
           but
           was
           loth
           to
           purchase
           with
           her
           Head
           the
           Honour
           and
           Happiness
           of
           being
           Queen
           of
           England
           .
           At
           length
           ,
           after
           much
           difficulty
           ,
           he
           obtained
           Anne
           of
           Cleve
           to
           Wife
           ,
           while
           he
           made
           it
           his
           business
           to
           acquire
           the
           friendship
           of
           the
           Protestants
           in
           Germany
           .
           But
           she
           ,
           far
           from
           being
           charming
           ,
           was
           accused
           of
           certain
           Female
           Weaknesses
           ,
           and
           having
           likewise
           formerly
           been
           betrothed
           to
           the
           Duke
           of
           Lorraine's
           Son
           ;
           he
           put
           her
           away
           and
           married
           
             Katharine
             Howard
          
           Daughter
           to
           
             Edmund
             Howard
          
           ,
           and
           Neece
           to
           the
           Duke
           of
           Norfolk
           :
           Whom
           ,
           within
           a
           year
           after
           ,
           he
           caused
           to
           be
           beheaded
           as
           convicted
           of
           Incontinency
           before
           
           Marriage
           ,
           and
           took
           to
           Wife
           
             Katharine
             Parr
          
           ,
           the
           Daughter
           of
           a
           Knight
           ,
           whom
           he
           left
           a
           second
           time
           a
           widow
           .
        
         
           And
           now
           ,
           finding
           that
           the
           intemperance
           of
           his
           Youth
           had
           much
           decayed
           his
           Body
           ,
           and
           being
           inraged
           against
           the
           French
           ,
           for
           that
           they
           had
           underhand
           given
           Aid
           to
           the
           Scots
           against
           the
           English
           ,
           he
           made
           a
           League
           with
           the
           
             Emperour
             Charles
          
           ,
           against
           the
           most
           Christian
           King
           ,
           thereupon
           designing
           to
           invade
           France
           ;
           and
           thought
           convenient
           to
           settle
           first
           the
           Succession
           ;
           to
           which
           end
           ,
           he
           proposed
           to
           the
           two
           Houses
           of
           Parliament
           ,
           that
           if
           he
           and
           his
           Son
           Prince
           Edward
           should
           decease
           without
           Issue
           ,
           first
           the
           Lady
           .
           Mary
           ,
           and
           if
           she
           should
           fail
           of
           Issue
           ,
           then
           the
           Lady
           Elizabeth
           should
           succeed
           to
           the
           Crown
           .
           But
           in
           case
           all
           these
           should
           die
           without
           issue
           ,
           that
           then
           the
           Crown
           of
           England
           should
           be
           devolved
           upon
           those
           ,
           whom
           he
           should
           assign
           it
           to
           ,
           either
           by
           his
           Letters
           Patents
           ,
           or
           by
           his
           last
           Will
           and
           Testament
           ,
           which
           was
           unanimously
           agreed
           to
           and
           enacted
           ,
           upon
           pain
           of
           high
           Treason
           .
           After
           his
           re●●●●
           home
           from
           the
           taking
           of
           Bolloign
           ,
           finding
           his
           Exchequer
           drained
           by
           that
           Expedition
           ,
           and
           England
           distracted
           through
           the
           new
           Opinions
           that
           daily
           arose
           ,
           and
           the
           People
           
           dissatisfied
           ,
           to
           see
           the
           Wealth
           of
           the
           Land
           exhausted
           to
           so
           little
           Advantage
           ;
           their
           Ancient
           Structures
           demolished
           ,
           the
           Blood
           of
           the
           Nobility
           and
           others
           ,
           both
           Papists
           and
           Protestants
           ,
           promiscuously
           spilt
           ,
           and
           the
           Countrey
           incumbred
           with
           a
           Scottish
           War
           ;
           taking
           all
           these
           Circumstances
           to
           heart
           ,
           and
           being
           grown
           extraordinary
           Corpulent
           ,
           he
           died
           of
           a
           Virulent
           Inflammation
           in
           his
           Leg
           ,
           in
           the
           beginning
           of
           the
           Year
           1547.
           
        
         
           He
           was
           succeeded
           by
           Prince
           Edward
           ,
           his
           Son
           ,
           though
           not
           fully
           ten
           years
           old
           ,
           of
           whose
           Person
           the
           Earl
           of
           Hartford
           ,
           his
           Unkle
           ,
           was
           made
           Governour
           ,
           and
           Protector
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           until
           he
           should
           have
           attained
           the
           Age
           of
           Eighteen
           years
           ▪
           and
           as
           such
           was
           proclaimed
           in
           all
           Parts
           of
           London
           .
           It
           was
           under
           his
           happy
           Government
           ,
           that
           the
           English
           gained
           a
           great
           Victory
           over
           the
           Scots
           ,
           whilst
           they
           were
           demanding
           ,
           with
           Sword
           in
           hand
           ,
           the
           performance
           of
           a
           Treaty
           touching
           a
           Match
           between
           King
           Edward
           and
           Mary
           Queen
           of
           Scotland
           ;
           the
           severe
           Law
           of
           the
           Si●
           Articles
           ,
           and
           others
           ,
           were
           repealed
           ,
           that
           were
           made
           by
           Henry
           the
           Eighth
           against
           the
           Protestants
           ;
           those
           for
           abolishing
           the
           
           Pope's
           Authority
           ,
           are
           confirmed
           ,
           the
           Mass
           is
           abrogated
           ,
           Images
           are
           taken
           out
           of
           Churches
           ,
           the
           Books
           of
           both
           Testaments
           printed
           in
           English
           ,
           Divine
           Service
           celebrated
           in
           the
           same
           Tongue
           ,
           and
           both
           kinds
           ministred
           in
           the
           Sacraments
           .
           At
           which
           ,
           the
           Romanists
           being
           inraged
           ,
           they
           put
           in
           practise
           all
           their
           Arts
           for
           the
           making
           a
           stop
           to
           such
           fair
           beginnings
           ,
           caused
           Dissention
           to
           be
           sowed
           amongst
           the
           Nobility
           ,
           and
           thereby
           the
           loss
           of
           several
           considerable
           Places
           both
           in
           France
           and
           Scotland
           ,
           promoted
           Tumults
           ,
           Factions
           ,
           debasing
           of
           Money
           ,
           and
           all
           other
           things
           that
           might
           stir
           up
           the
           People
           to
           Rebellion
           ,
           procured
           the
           Protector
           to
           be
           accused
           ,
           condemned
           ,
           and
           beheaded
           ,
           for
           Felony
           ,
           and
           at
           length
           removed
           the
           King
           himself
           ,
           by
           an
           untimely
           Death
           ,
           whether
           by
           Poyson
           or
           otherwise
           is
           uncertain
           ,
           apprehending
           and
           hating
           him
           for
           his
           extraordinary
           Virtues
           ,
           which
           much
           surpassed
           what
           could
           have
           been
           expected
           from
           his
           tender
           years
           .
        
         
           During
           these
           sad
           Occurrences
           ,
           the
           Duke
           of
           Northumberland
           ,
           being
           ●ound
           by
           the
           Papists
           to
           be
           the
           fittest
           Instrument
           for
           the
           effecting
           their
           Designs
           ,
           as
           being
           
           of
           their
           own
           Religion
           ,
           under
           a
           Protestant
           Mask
           ,
           they
           made
           Use
           of
           him
           for
           the
           bringing
           about
           their
           Ends
           ,
           by
           sowing
           Distraction
           in
           the
           Nation
           ,
           by
           setting
           the
           Protector
           and
           his
           Brother
           
             Thomas
             Seymour
          
           at
           variance
           ,
           which
           he
           effected
           ,
           through
           a
           Female
           Emulation
           between
           the
           Dutchess
           of
           Somerset
           ,
           the
           Protector
           's
           Wife
           ,
           and
           the
           Queen
           Dowager
           ,
           the
           Wife
           of
           Thomas
           .
           And
           amongst
           other
           Articles
           of
           High
           Treason
           that
           were
           laid
           to
           Thomas
           his
           charge
           ,
           was
           that
           of
           intending
           to
           seize
           the
           King
           ,
           and
           of
           taking
           the
           Lady
           Elizabeth
           ,
           the
           King's
           Sister
           ,
           to
           Wife
           .
           But
           she
           ,
           being
           wholly
           ignorant
           of
           this
           business
           ,
           and
           freeing
           her self
           from
           all
           suspicion
           ,
           and
           advancing
           towards
           a
           mature
           Age
           ,
           she
           was
           not
           onely
           extremely
           beloved
           by
           the
           King
           her
           Brother
           (
           who
           never
           call'd
           her
           by
           any
           other
           Name
           than
           his
           sweet
           Sister
           Temperance
           )
           but
           likewise
           by
           the
           Nobility
           ,
           and
           the
           whole
           Nation
           in
           general
           .
        
         
           King
           Edward
           ,
           by
           the
           Practices
           of
           the
           Duke
           of
           Northumberland
           ,
           having
           declared
           the
           Lady
           
             Jane
             Gray
          
           for
           his
           Successor
           ,
           she
           was
           immediately
           after
           his
           Decease
           publickly
           proclaimed
           Queen
           of
           England
           :
           and
           for
           the
           maintaining
           her
           in
           that
           Degree
           ,
           pretensions
           
           were
           put
           forward
           ;
           as
           first
           ,
           the
           Invalidity
           of
           the
           Lady
           Mary's
           and
           Elizabeth's
           Mother's
           Marriage
           ;
           both
           being
           made
           void
           by
           Legal
           Sentences
           of
           Divorce
           ,
           and
           those
           Divorces
           ratified
           by
           Acts
           of
           Parliament
           ,
           which
           Acts
           of
           the
           Lady
           Mary's
           and
           Lady
           Elizabeth's
           Illegitimation
           ,
           were
           never
           duely
           repealed
           :
           (
           Notwithstanding
           that
           the
           King
           their
           Father
           had
           by
           the
           same
           Act
           declared
           ,
           that
           they
           should
           succeed
           in
           order
           after
           Edward
           the
           Sixth
           ,
           in
           case
           he
           failed
           of
           Issue
           .
           )
           Secondly
           ,
           It
           was
           pretended
           ,
           that
           these
           two
           Sisters
           ,
           being
           but
           of
           half
           Blood
           to
           the
           Deceased
           King
           ,
           (
           admitting
           them
           to
           have
           been
           born
           in
           lawful
           Wedlock
           )
           were
           not
           in
           a
           capacity
           by
           the
           Common
           Law
           to
           be
           Heirs
           unto
           him
           ,
           or
           to
           succeed
           in
           any
           part
           of
           that
           Inheritance
           ,
           which
           came
           un-unto
           him
           by
           his
           Father
           .
           Now
           the
           Lady
           Jane's
           Mother
           ,
           being
           the
           Lady
           Frances
           ,
           Daughter
           ,
           and
           one
           of
           the
           Co-heirs
           of
           
             Charles
             Brandon
          
           ,
           the
           late
           Duke
           of
           Suffolk
           ,
           by
           Mary
           his
           Wife
           ,
           Queen
           Dowager
           to
           Lewis
           the
           Twelfth
           of
           France
           ,
           and
           youngest
           Daughter
           to
           King
           Henry
           the
           Seventh
           ,
           Grand-father
           to
           King
           Edward
           ,
           now
           deceased
           :
           Now
           ,
           I
           say
           ,
           the
           Lady
           
           Frances
           ,
           her
           Mother
           ,
           might
           seem
           both
           by
           the
           Law
           of
           Nature
           and
           the
           Right
           of
           Succession
           ,
           to
           have
           precedency
           in
           Title
           before
           her
           ;
           yet
           she
           received
           no
           injury
           ,
           because
           she
           was
           willing
           to
           pass
           by
           all
           her
           personal
           Claims
           for
           the
           Preferment
           of
           her
           Daughter
           .
           It
           was
           also
           given
           out
           ,
           that
           Henry
           the
           Eighth
           ,
           by
           his
           last
           Will
           and
           Testament
           ,
           conveyed
           the
           Title
           of
           the
           Crown
           to
           the
           Lady
           
             Jane
             Gray
          
           :
           and
           moreover
           ,
           Politick
           Reasons
           and
           Pretexts
           were
           used
           ,
           as
           that
           there
           was
           an
           unavoidable
           danger
           of
           reducing
           this
           Kingdom
           under
           the
           Vassalage
           and
           Servitude
           of
           the
           Bishop
           of
           Rome
           ,
           in
           case
           either
           of
           the
           King
           's
           two
           Sisters
           should
           marry
           with
           a
           Foreign
           Prince
           of
           that
           Religion
           ,
           or
           otherwise
           of
           themselves
           revoke
           the
           Bishop
           of
           Rome's
           Authority
           ,
           and
           subject
           the
           English
           to
           a
           Popish
           Yoke
           .
        
         
           But
           ,
           through
           the
           extraordinary
           Affection
           the
           Nobility
           and
           Commons
           had
           for
           the
           Daughters
           of
           King
           Henry
           the
           8th
           ,
           this
           great
           Storm
           was
           dispersed
           within
           the
           space
           of
           twenty
           dayes
           ,
           to
           the
           fatal
           End
           of
           the
           Duke
           of
           Northumberland
           ,
           and
           the
           Lady
           Jane
           :
           and
           the
           Lady
           Mary
           was
           proclaimed
           Queen
           throughout
           all
           England
           .
           
           And
           at
           her
           coming
           to
           London
           with
           an
           Army
           ,
           the
           Lady
           Elizabeth
           met
           her
           with
           five
           hundred
           Horse
           ,
           (
           notwithstanding
           the
           offers
           that
           had
           been
           made
           her
           by
           the
           Duke
           ,
           of
           a
           vast
           Sum
           of
           money
           ,
           and
           certain
           Lands
           ,
           if
           she
           would
           resign
           her
           Title
           to
           the
           Crown
           )
           lest
           she
           should
           fail
           her
           Sister
           's
           ,
           and
           her
           own
           Cause
           ,
           which
           was
           then
           in
           hand
           .
        
         
           Queen
           Mary
           caused
           ,
           in
           the
           first
           Parliament
           that
           she
           held
           ,
           all
           those
           Acts
           to
           be
           repealed
           ,
           that
           had
           been
           made
           against
           the
           Marriage
           of
           Queen
           Katharine
           ,
           her
           Mother
           ,
           and
           King
           Henry
           the
           8th
           ,
           and
           the
           Marriage
           was
           judged
           to
           be
           agreeable
           to
           the
           Laws
           of
           God
           ,
           and
           to
           all
           intents
           valid
           and
           available
           .
           The
           same
           Form
           also
           of
           Religion
           ,
           and
           Service
           of
           God
           ,
           and
           Administration
           of
           the
           Sacraments
           ,
           which
           had
           been
           in
           use
           at
           the
           Death
           of
           Henry
           the
           8th
           ,
           were
           re-established
           ;
           however
           ,
           without
           any
           acknowledgment
           or
           mention
           at
           all
           of
           the
           Pope's
           Authority
           ;
           notwithstanding
           all
           the
           Efforts
           of
           the
           Queen
           and
           Cardinal
           Pool
           :
           for
           the
           Parliament
           were
           very
           unwilling
           to
           admit
           and
           acknowledge
           the
           Authority
           of
           the
           Bishop
           of
           Rome
           ,
           which
           was
           now
           shaken
           off
           .
           
           Neither
           would
           they
           suffer
           that
           the
           Queen
           should
           lay
           down
           the
           Title
           of
           
             Supream
             Head
             of
             the
             Church
             of
             England
             ,
          
           unto
           which
           most
           of
           the
           Nobility
           ,
           Bishops
           ,
           and
           Commons
           ,
           had
           sworn
           to
           Henry
           the
           8th
           ,
           his
           Heirs
           and
           Successors
           .
           But
           the
           Queen
           was
           very
           desirous
           to
           lay
           down
           this
           Title
           ,
           as
           believing
           that
           her
           Pretensions
           to
           the
           Crown
           had
           no
           better
           Foundation
           than
           the
           Authority
           of
           the
           Bishop
           of
           Rome
           ;
           who
           had
           maintained
           her
           Cause
           ,
           after
           that
           her
           father
           had
           procured
           her
           to
           be
           declared
           Illegitimate
           .
           And
           indeed
           ,
           at
           this
           time
           ,
           the
           apprehensions
           of
           the
           English
           were
           so
           great
           of
           Popery
           ,
           and
           of
           being
           inslaved
           by
           it's
           means
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           Match
           that
           was
           concluded
           with
           Phillip
           ,
           to
           the
           Yoke
           of
           Spain
           ,
           as
           that
           it
           caused
           some
           to
           break
           out
           into
           Rebellion
           ,
           as
           Wyat
           and
           others
           .
        
         
           But
           notwithstanding
           the
           Papists
           had
           got
           their
           will
           ,
           by
           procuring
           ,
           after
           much
           opposition
           ,
           the
           Roman
           Religion
           to
           be
           established
           in
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           by
           authority
           of
           Parliament
           ,
           and
           those
           Acts
           to
           be
           repealed
           that
           had
           been
           made
           against
           the
           See
           of
           Rome
           ,
           in
           the
           time
           of
           Henry
           the
           8th
           ,
           and
           Edward
           the
           sixth
           ;
           yet
           there
           being
           no
           Issue
           to
           be
           expected
           from
           the
           Queen
           ,
           seeing
           
           she
           was
           fourty
           Years
           old
           ,
           Weak
           and
           Infirm
           ,
           they
           stood
           in
           fear
           of
           the
           Lady
           Elizabeth
           ,
           who
           had
           gained
           the
           hearts
           of
           all
           the
           Nation
           ,
           by
           her
           Loyal
           and
           Prudent
           Conduct
           ,
           being
           the
           Admiration
           of
           her
           Age
           ,
           both
           for
           her
           Beauty
           ,
           and
           the
           Qualities
           of
           her
           Mind
           ,
           and
           was
           so
           indefatigable
           in
           Study
           ,
           that
           before
           she
           had
           attained
           to
           the
           Age
           of
           Seventeen
           Years
           ,
           she
           had
           acquired
           ,
           to
           Perfection
           ,
           both
           
             Greek
             ,
             Latin
          
           ,
           and
           other
           ancient
           Languages
           ,
           and
           
             French
             ,
             Italian
          
           ,
           and
           other
           Modern
           Tongues
           ;
           and
           had
           likewise
           gained
           all
           other
           Accomplishments
           that
           are
           necessary
           to
           the
           composing
           a
           Perfect
           Princess
           .
           Thus
           ,
           being
           looked
           upon
           as
           a
           Miracle
           of
           Learning
           and
           Prudence
           ,
           as
           well
           by
           Foreigners
           as
           the
           English
           ,
           the
           Papists
           were
           sensible
           ,
           how
           much
           it
           was
           their
           Interest
           to
           remove
           out
           of
           the
           way
           ,
           a
           Princess
           ,
           who
           seemed
           threatning
           the
           Fall
           of
           their
           Superstitions
           here
           in
           England
           ;
           they
           used
           all
           their
           Arts
           to
           dispose
           Queen
           Mary
           to
           take
           away
           her
           Life
           ;
           which
           the
           Queen
           refused
           to
           do
           ,
           notwithstanding
           they
           would
           have
           perswaded
           her
           ,
           that
           she
           was
           obliged
           to
           do
           every
           thing
           ,
           though
           never
           so
           unjust
           ,
           that
           was
           requisite
           and
           necessary
           
           for
           the
           promoting
           and
           settling
           the
           Catholick
           Religion
           .
           And
           Sir
           
             Thomas
             Wyat
          
           ,
           Sir
           
             Peter
             Carew
          
           ,
           and
           others
           ,
           having
           stirred
           up
           some
           Commotions
           ,
           the
           Papists
           ,
           most
           maliciously
           ,
           set
           Rumours
           on
           Foot
           ,
           that
           the
           Lady
           Elizabeth
           did
           countenance
           ,
           and
           was
           privy
           to
           ,
           those
           Tumults
           ,
           and
           that
           she
           was
           to
           be
           marryed
           to
           the
           Earl
           of
           Devonshire
           .
           Hereupon
           ,
           they
           caused
           her
           to
           be
           put
           into
           Prison
           ,
           and
           notwithstanding
           ,
           they
           would
           have
           forced
           several
           of
           the
           Tumultuaries
           ,
           by
           Torture
           ,
           to
           have
           declared
           her
           Accessory
           to
           their
           Rising
           ;
           yet
           ,
           the
           Rack
           was
           not
           able
           to
           make
           them
           wrong
           her
           Innocence
           ;
           and
           ,
           such
           as
           had
           seemingly
           accused
           her
           ,
           in
           hopes
           of
           Advantage
           ,
           cleared
           her
           at
           the
           time
           of
           their
           Execution
           .
        
         
           But
           ,
           the
           Papists
           having
           got
           that
           Princess
           into
           Prison
           ,
           they
           were
           so
           far
           from
           putting
           an
           End
           to
           their
           Persecutions
           ,
           notwithstanding
           her
           Innocence
           ,
           that
           they
           used
           her
           with
           all
           the
           Barbarity
           imaginable
           :
           Insomuch
           ,
           that
           the
           French
           and
           Danish
           Kings
           thought
           it
           convenient
           to
           comfort
           her
           ,
           by
           making
           her
           great
           Offers
           ,
           Promises
           of
           ▪
           doing
           all
           that
           lay
           in
           their
           Power
           ,
           in
           her
           Behalf
           .
           But
           this
           did
           but
           
           the
           more
           inflame
           the
           Rage
           of
           her
           Popish
           Enemies
           ,
           who
           were
           resolved
           to
           take
           away
           her
           Life
           ,
           either
           by
           accusing
           her
           of
           High
           Treason
           ,
           or
           of
           Heresie
           ;
           Hereupon
           ,
           they
           forced
           her
           to
           hear
           Divine
           Service
           ,
           after
           their
           Superstitious
           manner
           ,
           and
           to
           go
           likewise
           to
           Confession
           ;
           yet
           ,
           Cardinal
           
             Pool
             ,
             Bonner
          
           ,
           and
           others
           of
           the
           Bishops
           ,
           were
           not
           satisfied
           with
           this
           severe
           and
           cruel
           Treatment
           ,
           but
           declared
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           requisite
           she
           should
           dye
           ,
           for
           the
           Security
           of
           the
           Catholick
           Religion
           ;
           insomuch
           ,
           that
           this
           harsh
           Usage
           moved
           the
           Spamard
           himself
           to
           pitty
           ,
           and
           King
           Philip
           ,
           Queen
           Mary's
           Husband
           ,
           interceeded
           in
           her
           Favour
           ,
           and
           admiring
           her
           extraordinary
           Virtues
           ,
           would
           have
           marryed
           her
           to
           his
           Son
           Charles
           ,
           or
           ,
           as
           others
           say
           ,
           designed
           her
           for
           himself
           ,
           maugre
           the
           different
           Principles
           of
           Religion
           .
           And
           ,
           for
           this
           Reason
           ,
           he
           broke
           off
           the
           Proposals
           that
           were
           made
           for
           the
           marrying
           her
           to
           
             Emanuel
             Philibert
          
           Duke
           of
           Savoy
           .
           However
           ,
           he
           was
           not
           able
           to
           gain
           her
           for
           his
           Son
           ,
           finding
           ,
           that
           the
           People
           of
           England
           would
           never
           permit
           ,
           that
           the
           next
           Heir
           of
           the
           Crown
           should
           be
           sent
           out
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           .
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           Queen
           
           Mary's
           Hatred
           daily
           increasing
           against
           her
           Sister
           Elizabeth
           ,
           this
           Lady's
           Ruine
           must
           have
           been
           certain
           ,
           had
           not
           it
           pleased
           God
           to
           divert
           the
           thoughts
           of
           it
           ,
           by
           the
           War
           that
           Queen
           Mary
           declared
           against
           France
           ,
           in
           favour
           of
           her
           Husband
           Philip.
           
        
         
           During
           this
           War
           ,
           and
           the
           Scots
           Excursions
           into
           
             England
             ,
             Calice
          
           ,
           and
           several
           other
           considerable
           Places
           being
           lost
           ,
           and
           the
           Queen
           finding
           her self
           neglected
           ,
           laid
           all
           these
           things
           so
           to
           heart
           ,
           and
           having
           lain
           languishing
           under
           a
           Tympany
           and
           six
           Months
           Fever
           ,
           which
           then
           raged
           over
           all
           the
           Land
           ,
           she
           departed
           this
           Life
           on
           the
           17th
           of
           November
           1558.
           having
           reigned
           five
           Years
           and
           four
           Months
           .
        
         
           During
           her
           Reign
           ,
           there
           are
           said
           to
           have
           perished
           by
           the
           Flames
           ,
           five
           Bishops
           ,
           twenty
           one
           Divines
           ,
           eight
           Gentlemen
           ,
           eighty
           four
           Artificers
           ,
           one
           hundred
           Husbandmen
           ,
           Servants
           and
           Labourers
           ,
           twenty
           six
           Wives
           ,
           twenty
           Widows
           ,
           nine
           Virgins
           ,
           two
           Boyes
           ,
           and
           two
           Infants
           ,
           the
           one
           springing
           out
           of
           the
           Mothers
           Womb
           ,
           as
           she
           was
           at
           the
           Stake
           ,
           and
           most
           inhumanely
           flung
           into
           the
           Fire
           in
           the
           very
           Birth
           ▪
           Besides
           several
           others
           that
           were
           whippe●
           
           to
           death
           ,
           perished
           in
           Prisons
           ,
           and
           others
           that
           were
           condemned
           for
           their
           Faith
           ,
           and
           lay
           ready
           for
           Execution
           ,
           if
           they
           had
           not
           been
           delivered
           by
           the
           seasonable
           Death
           of
           Queen
           Mary
           ,
           and
           the
           auspicious
           Entrance
           of
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           .
        
         
           Elizabeth
           ,
           the
           onely
           Child
           then
           living
           of
           King
           Henry
           the
           Eighth
           ,
           succeeded
           her
           Sister
           in
           the
           Throne
           ,
           on
           the
           17th
           of
           November
           1558.
           
           And
           a
           Parliament
           having
           been
           convened
           some
           time
           before
           Queen
           Mary's
           Death
           ,
           after
           her
           Dissolution
           had
           been
           for
           some
           hours
           concealed
           ,
           the
           News
           thereof
           was
           carried
           to
           the
           Lords
           ,
           then
           sitting
           in
           the
           House
           of
           Peers
           ,
           who
           ,
           after
           a
           short
           Debate
           amongst
           themselves
           ,
           sent
           a
           Message
           to
           the
           Speaker
           of
           the
           House
           of
           Commons
           ,
           desiring
           him
           and
           all
           the
           Members
           of
           that
           House
           to
           come
           immediately
           to
           them
           ;
           And
           they
           being
           come
           ,
           Heath
           Arch-bishop
           of
           York
           ,
           and
           Lord
           Chancellor
           of
           England
           ,
           signified
           unto
           them
           ,
           that
           the
           Lord
           had
           been
           pleased
           to
           take
           to
           his
           Mercy
           the
           late
           Queen
           Mary
           ,
           that
           by
           Right
           of
           Succession
           the
           Crown
           did
           belong
           to
           the
           Princess
           Elizabeth
           ,
           and
           that
           therefore
           they
           were
           desired
           to
           concurr
           in
           the
           proclaiming
           
           the
           new
           Queen
           ,
           with
           all
           possible
           Expedition
           ;
           which
           being
           unanimously
           agreed
           to
           by
           the
           House
           of
           Commons
           she
           was
           incontinently
           proclaimed
           Queen
           of
           
             England
             ,
             France
          
           ,
           and
           
             Ireland
             ,
             Defendress
             of
             the
             Faith
             ,
          
           in
           the
           Palace-yard
           o●
           Westminster
           ,
           in
           the
           presence
           of
           the
           Lords
           and
           Commons
           ,
           and
           presently
           after
           in
           Cheap-side
           ,
           in
           the
           presence
           of
           the
           Lord
           Mayor
           ,
           Aldermen
           ,
           and
           Principal
           Citizens
           ,
           with
           great
           Acclamations
           ,
           and
           extraordinary
           joy
           of
           the
           People
           .
        
         
           It
           was
           not
           long
           before
           some
           of
           the
           Lords
           brought
           her
           the
           News
           of
           her
           Sisters
           Death
           ,
           with
           the
           General
           acknowledgment
           of
           her
           just
           Title
           to
           the
           Crown
           ▪
           Whereupon
           she
           prepared
           to
           remove
           from
           Hatfield
           ,
           where
           she
           had
           been
           under
           Consinement
           ,
           and
           set
           forward
           with
           a
           splen●
           did
           and
           Royal
           Train
           ,
           for
           London
           ,
           being
           met
           all
           along
           upon
           the
           way
           by
           the
           Nobles
           ,
           Bishops
           ,
           and
           crowds
           of
           others
           ,
           to
           a●
           whom
           she
           made
           so
           affable
           a
           Reception
           as
           confirmed
           the
           general
           Opinion
           of
           h●
           benign
           Disposition
           .
        
         
           The
           first-Publick
           Testimony
           she
           gave
           of
           her
           Discretion
           ,
           after
           her
           coming
           〈…〉
           the
           Crown
           ,
           being
           then
           twenty
           five
           〈…〉
           
           old
           ,
           was
           the
           Choice
           she
           made
           of
           a
           Council
           ,
           picking
           out
           such
           of
           Queen
           Mary's
           Council
           ,
           as
           were
           well
           known
           to
           be
           able
           men
           ,
           and
           such
           as
           were
           firm
           Pursuers
           of
           the
           True
           Interests
           of
           the
           Nation
           ;
           adding
           such
           others
           ,
           as
           might
           moderate
           and
           temper
           them
           for
           the
           Protestant
           Religion
           .
           She
           likewise
           caused
           new
           Commissions
           and
           Instructions
           to
           be
           sent
           to
           the
           several
           Ambassadors
           as
           resided
           in
           the
           Courts
           of
           the
           various
           Princes
           and
           States
           ;
           but
           more
           particularly
           ,
           her
           Minister
           at
           the
           Court
           of
           Spain
           ,
           was
           ordered
           to
           represent
           unto
           that
           King
           ,
           how
           sensible
           she
           was
           of
           the
           Humanities
           she
           had
           received
           from
           him
           ,
           in
           the
           time
           of
           her
           Persecution
           and
           Troubles
           .
           Instructions
           were
           likewise
           dispatched
           to
           Sir
           
             Edw.
             Harne
          
           ,
           the
           English
           Agent
           at
           the
           Court
           of
           Rome
           ,
           to
           acquaint
           the
           Pope
           with
           Queen
           Mary's
           Death
           ,
           and
           her
           succeeding
           upon
           the
           Throne
           ,
           with
           a
           desire
           that
           they
           might
           mutually
           receive
           all
           good
           Offices
           from
           one
           another
           .
           But
           ,
           the
           Pope's
           Answer
           was
           in
           the
           usual
           rigorous
           Stile
           of
           that
           Court
           ,
           
             That
             the
             Kingdom
             of
          
           England
           
             was
             held
             in
             Fee
             of
             the
             Apostolick
             See
             ;
             that
             she
             could
             not
             succed
             ,
             being
             illegitimate
             ;
             that
             he
             could
             not
             contradict
             the
             Declaration
             of
          
           
           Clement
           
             the
             Seventh
             ,
             and
          
           Paul
           
             the
             Third
             that
             it
             was
             a
             great
             Boldness
             to
             assume
             the
             Name
             and
             Government
             of
             it
             ,
             without
             him
             yet
             ,
             being
             desirous
             to
             shew
             a
             fatherly
             Affection
             ,
             if
             she
             will
             renounce
             her
             Pretensions
             ,
             and
             refer
             her self
             wholly
             to
             his
             free
             Dispositions
             ,
             he
             will
             do
             whatsoever
             may
             be
             done
             with
             the
             Honour
             of
             the
             Apostolick
             See.
             
          
        
         
           But
           the
           Queen
           having
           made
           him
           this
           Complement
           ,
           did
           not
           think
           of
           having
           any
           Answer
           ,
           nor
           was
           she
           much
           concerned
           when
           she
           had
           .
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           King
           Philip
           ,
           having
           had
           notice
           of
           Queen
           Mary
           ,
           his
           Wife's
           Death
           ,
           he
           caused
           his
           Ambassador
           the
           Count
           of
           Feria
           ,
           to
           propose
           a
           Match
           between
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           and
           himself
           ,
           promising
           to
           procure
           a
           Dispensation
           from
           the
           Court
           of
           Rome
           .
           These
           offers
           put
           the
           Queen
           into
           great
           perplexity
           ,
           as
           thinking
           it
           but
           an
           ill
           return
           ,
           to
           reject
           a
           Prince
           who
           had
           done
           her
           such
           Kindnesses
           during
           her
           Troubles
           .
           And
           the
           French
           King
           was
           no
           less
           concerned
           ,
           fearing
           lest
           this
           Kingdom
           ,
           being
           again
           united
           to
           the
           Spaniard
           ,
           his
           Dominions
           must
           at
           length
           have
           buckled
           under
           so
           great
           a
           Power
           .
           Wherefore
           ,
           he
           used
           all
           his
           Endeavours
           to
           put
           a
           Stop
           to
           the
           Dispensation
           at
           the
           Court
           of
           
           Rome
           ,
           and
           to
           all
           the
           other
           Places
           that
           might
           be
           made
           towards
           this
           Match
           elsewhere
           .
           But
           he
           might
           have
           spared
           himself
           these
           Troubles
           ;
           for
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           never
           designed
           to
           enter
           into
           any
           such
           Marriage
           ;
           well
           knowing
           ,
           she
           would
           thereby
           have
           acknowledged
           her self
           to
           have
           been
           born
           in
           unlawful
           Wedlock
           ;
           and
           ,
           likewise
           considering
           ,
           that
           the
           Marriage
           of
           a
           Woman
           with
           her
           deceased
           Sister's
           Husband
           ,
           is
           prohibited
           by
           Sacred
           Authority
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           the
           Marriage
           of
           a
           man
           with
           his
           Brother's
           Widow
           ,
           and
           therefore
           unlawful
           ,
           notwithstanding
           the
           Pope's
           Dispensation
           :
           wherefore
           ,
           she
           putteth
           off
           King
           Philip
           by
           degrees
           ,
           and
           with
           all
           the
           Civility
           and
           Circumstance
           imaginable
           .
           Now
           many
           ,
           who
           were
           imprisoned
           upon
           the
           Account
           of
           Religion
           ,
           were
           set
           at
           Liberty
           ;
           at
           which
           time
           ,
           a
           merry
           Gentleman
           of
           the
           Court
           petitioned
           her
           in
           Favour
           of
           the
           Evangelists
           ,
           who
           had
           been
           so
           long
           imprisoned
           in
           a
           Latin
           Translation
           ,
           that
           they
           might
           be
           set
           at
           Liberty
           ,
           and
           walk
           abroad
           as
           formerly
           ,
           in
           the
           English
           Tongue
           .
           To
           whom
           she
           immediately
           replyed
           ,
           in
           this
           manner
           ,
           That
           he
           should
           first
           endeavour
           to
           know
           the
           Minds
           of
           the
           Prisoners
           ,
           
           who
           ,
           possibly
           ,
           desired
           no
           such
           Liberty
           as
           was
           demanded
           .
           Now
           the
           Queen
           ,
           being
           extreamly
           desirous
           of
           promoting
           the
           Protestant
           Religion
           ,
           she
           consulted
           with
           her
           most
           trusty
           Counsellors
           ,
           how
           that
           Religion
           might
           be
           established
           ,
           and
           the
           Popish
           abolished
           ,
           causing
           all
           Dangers
           to
           be
           well
           poised
           ,
           that
           might
           arise
           on
           this
           occasion
           ,
           and
           the
           Means
           and
           Expedients
           that
           might
           be
           used
           for
           the
           preventing
           and
           avoiding
           them
           .
           Hereupon
           ,
           she
           put
           into
           the
           Principal
           Courts
           of
           Judicature
           ,
           and
           Offices
           of
           Trust
           ,
           such
           Persons
           as
           were
           well
           known
           to
           be
           of
           the
           Protestant
           Religion
           ,
           or
           inclined
           to
           it
           ,
           and
           did
           the
           same
           in
           the
           Commission
           of
           the
           Peace
           ,
           in
           every
           County
           .
           The
           Dangers
           that
           might
           be
           expected
           from
           abroad
           ,
           were
           either
           from
           the
           Bishop
           of
           Rome
           ,
           by
           his
           Excommunication
           ,
           and
           exposing
           the
           Kingdom
           to
           any
           Invasion
           ;
           or
           ,
           from
           the
           French
           King
           ,
           who
           ,
           in
           such
           a
           Juncture
           ,
           might
           have
           broke
           off
           the
           Treaty
           of
           Peace
           at
           Cambray
           ,
           and
           make
           War
           upon
           the
           English
           ,
           in
           Favour
           of
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           ,
           not
           only
           as
           Enemies
           ,
           but
           likewise
           ,
           as
           they
           are
           pleased
           to
           call
           the
           Protestants
           as
           Hereticks
           ,
           and
           might
           have
           procured
           Scotland
           to
           have
           
           done
           the
           same
           ,
           being
           at
           that
           time
           at
           his
           Devotion
           ;
           or
           from
           the
           Irish
           ,
           a
           People
           extreamly
           bigotted
           to
           Popery
           ,
           and
           always
           very
           ready
           to
           break
           out
           into
           a
           Rebellion
           .
           Now
           ,
           as
           for
           the
           Thunder-bolts
           of
           Rome
           ,
           they
           were
           looked
           upon
           as
           things
           not
           at
           all
           to
           be
           dreaded
           ;
           but
           was
           resolved
           that
           in
           case
           the
           French
           made
           any
           offers
           of
           a
           Peace
           ,
           they
           were
           to
           be
           accepted
           ;
           if
           they
           did
           not
           ,
           then
           offers
           were
           to
           be
           made
           to
           them
           ,
           by
           reason
           that
           such
           a
           Peace
           would
           also
           comprehend
           Scotland
           ;
           but
           however
           to
           stick
           close
           to
           ,
           and
           give
           all
           manner
           of
           Aid
           and
           Countenance
           to
           those
           of
           the
           Reformed
           Religion
           both
           in
           France
           and
           Scotland
           ;
           that
           the
           Garrisons
           in
           Ireland
           and
           upon
           the
           Borders
           of
           Scotland
           should
           be
           better
           manned
           and
           fortified
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           Treaties
           with
           the
           House
           of
           Burgundy
           ,
           should
           be
           confirmed
           ,
           and
           friendship
           continued
           with
           the
           Spaniard
           .
           And
           now
           having
           provided
           against
           all
           Mischances
           that
           might
           happen
           from
           abroad
           ,
           she
           proceeded
           to
           do
           all
           that
           might
           conduce
           towards
           the
           advancement
           and
           setling
           of
           the
           Protestant
           Religion
           at
           home
           ,
           by
           ordering
           that
           none
           should
           be
           chosen
           into
           any
           Colledges
           of
           both
           Universities
           ,
           
           but
           Protestants
           ;
           and
           that
           all
           Roman
           Catholick
           Presidents
           ,
           Heads
           ,
           and
           Masters
           ,
           should
           be
           put
           out
           and
           removed
           ,
           both
           from
           thence
           ,
           and
           all
           other
           Schools
           of
           the
           Land
           ;
           and
           for
           the
           curbing
           the
           rash
           zeal
           of
           both
           Parties
           ,
           she
           caused
           two
           Proclamations
           to
           be
           published
           ;
           by
           one
           of
           which
           it
           was
           commanded
           ,
           That
           no
           man
           ,
           of
           what
           Perswasion
           soever
           he
           was
           in
           Points
           of
           Religion
           ,
           should
           be
           suffered
           from
           thence
           ▪
           forward
           to
           preach
           in
           publick
           ,
           but
           only
           such
           as
           should
           be
           licensed
           by
           her
           Authority
           ;
           and
           that
           all
           such
           as
           were
           so
           licensed
           or
           appointed
           ,
           should
           forbear
           preaching
           upon
           any
           Point
           which
           was
           matter
           of
           Controversie
           ,
           and
           might
           conduce
           rather
           towards
           the
           exasperating
           ,
           than
           the
           calming
           of
           mens
           Passions
           :
           Which
           Proclamation
           was
           observed
           with
           all
           the
           care
           and
           strictness
           imaginable
           .
           By
           the
           other
           Proclamation
           ,
           it
           was
           ordered
           ,
           That
           no
           Man
           ,
           of
           what
           Quality
           or
           Degree
           soever
           ,
           should
           presume
           to
           alter
           any
           thing
           in
           the
           state
           of
           Religion
           ,
           or
           innovate
           in
           any
           of
           the
           Rites
           and
           Ceremonies
           thereunto
           belonging
           ;
           but
           that
           all
           such
           Rites
           and
           Ceremonies
           should
           be
           observed
           in
           all
           Parish
           Churches
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           as
           were
           then
           used
           and
           
           retained
           in
           her
           Majesties
           Chappel
           ,
           until
           ●ome
           further
           Order
           should
           be
           taken
           in
           it
           .
           Only
           ,
           it
           was
           permitted
           ,
           and
           withal
           required
           ,
           That
           the
           Litany
           ,
           the
           Lords
           Prayer
           ,
           the
           Creed
           ,
           and
           the
           Ten
           Commandments
           ,
           should
           be
           said
           in
           the
           English
           Tongue
           ,
           and
           the
           Epistle
           and
           the
           Gospel
           ,
           at
           the
           time
           of
           the
           High
           Mass
           ,
           should
           be
           said
           in
           English
           ,
           which
           was
           accordingly
           performed
           in
           all
           the
           Churches
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           .
           She
           likewise
           ordered
           the
           Divine
           ,
           who
           officiated
           in
           her
           Chappel
           ,
           not
           to
           make
           any
           Elevation
           of
           the
           Sacrament
           ,
           for
           the
           abolishing
           the
           Popish
           Superstitious
           manner
           of
           adoring
           it
           ,
           which
           she
           could
           not
           endure
           should
           be
           done
           in
           her
           Sight
           ,
           as
           being
           wholly
           contrary
           to
           her
           Judgment
           and
           Conscience
           .
           And
           then
           she
           proceeded
           to
           the
           reviewing
           and
           correcting
           of
           the
           former
           Liturgy
           ,
           which
           she
           committed
           to
           the
           Care
           of
           several
           learned
           ,
           moderate
           ,
           and
           judicious
           Divines
           and
           Gentlemen
           ;
           but
           ,
           she
           only
           acquainted
           four
           of
           the
           Members
           of
           her
           Privy
           Council
           with
           this
           Project
           .
        
         
           About
           this
           time
           ,
           the
           Funeral
           of
           the
           Deceased
           Queen
           was
           solemnized
           with
           very
           great
           state
           ,
           in
           the
           Abby
           of
           Westminster
           ,
           
           and
           the
           like
           Ceremony
           was
           performed
           within
           a
           few
           days
           after
           ,
           for
           the
           Death
           of
           that
           Great
           Emperour
           Charles
           the
           
             5th
             ▪
          
           who
           having
           two
           Years
           before
           resigned
           the
           Empire
           to
           his
           Brother
           ,
           and
           all
           his
           other
           vast
           Dominions
           to
           his
           Son
           ,
           abandoned
           all
           the
           Grandeurs
           of
           this
           World
           ,
           and
           retired
           into
           a
           Monastery
           ,
           where
           he
           wholly
           devoted
           himself
           to
           God
           and
           his
           Service
           .
           But
           notwithstanding
           ,
           the
           State
           of
           these
           Solemnities
           was
           extraordinary
           in
           it's
           kind
           ,
           yet
           was
           it
           far
           short
           of
           the
           Splendour
           and
           Majesty
           that
           attended
           her
           Coronation
           .
           And
           as
           a
           Preparation
           thereunto
           ,
           she
           restored
           some
           to
           their
           former
           ,
           and
           raised
           others
           to
           new
           Honours
           :
           Having
           performed
           which
           ,
           she
           was
           Conducted
           with
           extraordinary
           Pomp
           and
           Triumph
           from
           the
           Tower
           ,
           through
           the
           City
           of
           London
           to
           Westminster
           ,
           with
           incredible
           Joy
           and
           Acclamations
           ,
           and
           behaving
           her self
           with
           so
           Graceful
           ,
           Modest
           ,
           and
           yet
           Majestick
           an
           Air
           ,
           that
           as
           it
           caused
           Tears
           of
           Joy
           to
           fall
           from
           some
           ,
           so
           it
           inspired
           the
           Hearts
           of
           all
           ,
           with
           Prayers
           and
           Thanksgivings
           ;
           but
           nothing
           charmed
           them
           more
           than
           her
           accepting
           of
           an
           English
           Bible
           richly
           Bound
           ;
           which
           was
           presented
           to
           her
           from
           
           one
           of
           the
           Pageants
           ,
           by
           a
           Child
           representing
           Truth
           .
           At
           the
           sight
           whereof
           ,
           she
           kiss'd
           both
           her
           hands
           ,
           and
           with
           both
           her
           hands
           she
           receiv'd
           the
           Book
           ,
           and
           then
           laid
           it
           to
           her
           Bosom
           ,
           intimating
           that
           it
           should
           be
           the
           nearest
           of
           all
           things
           to
           her
           heart
           ,
           being
           fuller
           of
           acknowledgment
           to
           the
           City
           for
           that
           Excellent
           Present
           ,
           than
           for
           all
           the
           rest
           she
           had
           received
           from
           them
           that
           day
           in
           ●uch
           Abundance
           ,
           and
           promised
           to
           be
           diligent
           in
           the
           reading
           of
           it
           :
           By
           which
           ,
           and
           sundry
           other
           such
           like
           Pious
           Acts
           ,
           she
           perfectly
           gained
           the
           Affections
           of
           all
           the
           Spectators
           ,
           and
           by
           their
           means
           ,
           the
           Hearts
           of
           all
           her
           other
           Subjects
           .
        
         
           The
           next
           day
           after
           this
           Cavalcade
           ,
           she
           was
           Crowned
           at
           Westminster
           ,
           by
           the
           Bishop
           of
           Carlile
           ,
           all
           the
           other
           Bishops
           refusing
           to
           perform
           that
           Office
           ,
           as
           fearing
           the
           Pope's
           Displeasure
           ,
           and
           the
           Fall
           ,
           or
           at
           least
           some
           Alteration
           of
           the
           
             Catholick
             Religion
          
           in
           this
           Kingdom
           ,
           which
           they
           were
           resolved
           not
           to
           Conform
           themselves
           to
           .
           Her
           Devotion
           was
           so
           great
           ,
           that
           every
           Morning
           ,
           as
           soon
           as
           she
           was
           up
           ,
           she
           spent
           some
           time
           in
           Prayer
           ,
           and
           besides
           ,
           at
           the
           appointed
           hours
           ,
           she
           went
           constantly
           to
           her
           private
           Chappel
           .
           In
           Lent
           she
           was
           Clo●thed
           in
           Black
           ,
           after
           the
           
           antient
           manner
           ,
           hearing
           constantly
           an●
           attentively
           the
           Sermons
           ,
           though
           she
           many
           times
           said
           ,
           That
           she
           had
           rather
           tal●
           with
           God
           devoutly
           by
           Prayer
           ,
           than
           hea●
           others
           speak
           eloquently
           of
           his
           Divine
           Majesty
           .
           As
           touching
           the
           Cross
           ,
           the
           Blesse●
           Virgin
           ,
           and
           the
           Saints
           ,
           she
           had
           no
           contemptible
           Opinion
           ,
           nor
           ever
           spoke
           otherwise
           of
           them
           than
           with
           Reverence
           ,
           no●
           would
           allow
           others
           to
           speak
           irreverently
           o●
           them
           .
        
         
           And
           by
           the
           Parliament
           it
           was
           unanimously
           enacted
           ,
           That
           the
           Lady
           Elizabeth
           was
           by
           the
           Law
           of
           God
           ,
           the
           Common
           ▪
           Law
           of
           England
           ,
           and
           the
           Statutes
           of
           the
           Realm
           ,
           the
           most
           Certain
           ,
           Lawful
           ,
           and
           Undoubted
           
             Queen
             of
             England
          
           ,
           but
           however
           ,
           without
           repealing
           the
           Statute
           where
           in
           her
           Father
           had
           Excluded
           her
           from
           th●
           Succession
           ,
           or
           without
           making
           any
           Act
           〈…〉
           the
           Validity
           of
           her
           Mothers
           Marriage
           ,
           o●
           which
           her
           Title
           principally
           depended
           For
           which
           Sir
           
             Nicholas
             Bacon
          
           ,
           then
           Lo
           〈…〉
           Keeper
           ,
           was
           condemned
           of
           Impruden●
           and
           Neglect
           ,
           on
           whose
           Judgment
           the
           Queen
           wholly
           depended
           in
           matters
           〈…〉
           Law
           ,
           seeing
           it
           had
           been
           objected
           by
           som●
           against
           
             Queen
             Mary
          
           ,
           and
           for
           that
           reaso●
           
           her
           Ministers
           had
           been
           careful
           to
           have
           it
           repealed
           in
           what
           concerned
           her self
           .
           But
           Bacon
           not
           only
           knew
           the
           old
           Law
           Maxime
           ,
           
             That
             the
             Crown
             takes
             away
             all
             the
             defects
             and
             stops
             in
             blood
             ,
             and
             that
             from
             the
             time
             the
             Queen
             did
             ▪
             assume
             the
             Crown
             ,
             the
             Fountain
             was
             cleared
             ,
             and
             all
             Attainders
             and
             corruption
             of
             blood
             discharged
             .
          
           And
           besides
           ,
           he
           possibly
           thought
           it
           more
           prudent
           that
           the
           Queen
           Mother's
           Marriage
           should
           pass
           as
           a
           thing
           unquestionable
           and
           no
           ways
           subject
           to
           dispute
           ,
           than
           to
           ground
           it
           upon
           the
           inconstancy
           of
           Acts
           and
           Statutes
           .
           There
           pass'd
           also
           an
           Act
           for
           the
           restoring
           to
           the
           Crown
           the
           Tenths
           and
           first
           Fruits
           ,
           first
           setled
           upon
           it
           in
           the
           time
           of
           King
           Henry
           the
           Eighth
           ,
           and
           afterwards
           remitted
           by
           Queen
           Mary
           .
           There
           likewise
           passed
           an
           Act
           for
           the
           Dissolution
           of
           all
           those
           Monasteries
           ,
           Convents
           ,
           and
           Religious
           Orders
           ,
           as
           had
           been
           Founded
           and
           Established
           by
           the
           late
           Queen
           .
           In
           the
           passing
           of
           these
           Acts
           there
           was
           little
           Opposition
           ,
           but
           when
           they
           came
           to
           debate
           of
           the
           Act
           of
           Supremacy
           ,
           it
           seemed
           to
           several
           a
           thing
           both
           strange
           and
           contrary
           to
           Nature
           and
           Policy
           ,
           that
           a
           Woman
           should
           be
           declared
           Supream
           Head
           on
           Earth
           of
           
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ;
           whereupon
           ,
           an
           Expedient
           was
           found
           out
           to
           satisfie
           their
           Cavils
           ,
           and
           remove
           all
           Obstructions
           by
           putting
           in
           Governour
           instead
           of
           Head
           ,
           the
           Act
           being
           couched
           in
           these
           Terms
           ;
           
             That
             ,
             whatsoever
             Jurisdictions
             ,
             Priviledges
             ,
             and
             Spiritual
             Preheminences
             ,
             had
             been
             heretofore
             in
             use
             by
             any
             Ecclesiastical
             Authority
             whatsoever
             ,
             to
             visit
             Ecclesiastical
             men
             ,
             and
             correct
             all
             manner
             of
             Errors
             ,
             Heresies
             ,
             Schisms
             ,
             Abuses
             and
             Enormities
             ,
             should
             be
             for
             ever
             annexed
             to
             the
             Imperial
             Crown
             of
          
           England
           ;
           
             That
             the
             Queen
             and
             her
             Successors
             might
             ,
             by
             their
             Letters
             Patents
             ,
             substitute
             certain
             men
             to
             exercise
             that
             Authority
             .
             Provided
             ,
             that
             they
             should
             define
             nothing
             to
             be
             Heresie
             ,
             but
             those
             things
             which
             were
             long
             before
             defined
             to
             be
             Heresies
             ,
             out
             of
             the
             Sacred
             Canonical
             Scriptures
             ,
             or
             the
             first
             four
             Oecumenical
             Councils
             ,
             or
             other
             Councils
             ,
             by
             the
             true
             and
             proper
             sence
             of
             the
             Holy
             Scriptures
             ,
             or
             should
             thereafter
             be
             so
             defined
             by
             Authority
             of
             Parliament
             ,
             with
             Assent
             of
             the
             Clergy
             of
          
           England
           ,
           
             assembled
             in
             a
             Synod
             ,
             that
             all
             and
             every
             Ecclesiastical
             Persons
             ,
             Magistrates
             ,
             Receivers
             of
             Pensions
             out
             of
             the
             Exchequer
             ,
             such
             a●
             were
             to
             receive
             Degrees
             in
             the
             Universities
             ,
             Wards
          
           
           
             that
             were
             to
             sue
             their
             Liveries
             ,
             and
             to
             be
             invested
             in
             their
             Livings
             ,
             and
             such
             as
             were
             to
             be
             admitted
             into
             the
             Number
             of
             the
             Queens
             Servants
             ,
          
           &c.
           
             should
             be
             obliged
             by
             Oath
             to
             acknowledge
             the
             Queens
             Majesty
             to
             be
             the
             only
             and
             Supream
             Governour
             of
             her
             Kingdoms
             ,
             in
             all
             Matters
             and
             Causes
             ,
             as
             well
             Spiritual
             as
             Temporal
             ,
             all
             Forreign
             Princes
             and
             Potentates
             being
             wholly
             excluded
             from
             taking
             Cognisance
             of
             Causes
             within
             her
             Dominions
             .
          
           This
           Act
           was
           stifly
           opposed
           by
           nine
           Bishops
           ,
           and
           only
           two
           Temporal
           Lords
           ,
           who
           were
           the
           Earl
           of
           Shrewsbury
           ,
           and
           
             Anthony
             Brown
          
           Vicount
           Montacute
           ,
           who
           had
           been
           sent
           in
           the
           time
           of
           Queen
           Mary
           to
           tender
           Obedience
           to
           the
           Apostolick
           See
           :
           But
           were
           joyfully
           and
           unanimously
           assented
           to
           by
           the
           far
           major
           part
           of
           the
           House
           of
           Commons
           ,
           the
           Papists
           complaining
           that
           the
           Votes
           had
           been
           surprised
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           Duke
           of
           
             Norfolk
             ▪
          
           the
           Earl
           of
           Arundel
           and
           Cecil
           ,
           had
           by
           cunning
           procured
           Voices
           in
           favour
           of
           those
           Acts.
           
        
         
           Now
           Men
           differing
           so
           much
           in
           points
           of
           Religion
           ,
           it
           was
           ordered
           by
           Proclamation
           ,
           that
           no
           man
           should
           speak
           unreverently
           of
           the
           Sacrament
           ,
           and
           both
           kinds
           were
           allowed
           to
           be
           administred
           .
           
           But
           notwithstanding
           that
           ,
           a
           Conference
           was
           appointed
           to
           be
           held
           at
           Westminster
           between
           the
           Papists
           and
           Protestants
           ;
           1.
           
           
             Concerning
             Common
             Prayer
             ,
             and
             administration
             of
             the
             Sacraments
             in
             the
             Vulgar
             Tongue
          
           ;
           2.
           
           
             Concerning
             the
             Authority
             of
             the
             Church
             ,
             in
             constituting
             and
             abrogating
             Ceremonies
             ,
             to
             edification
             ;
             and
          
           3.
           
           
             Concerning
             the
             Sacrifice
             of
             the
             Mass
             :
          
           and
           Persons
           were
           chosen
           on
           both
           sides
           ,
           for
           to
           dispute
           upon
           these
           Points
           :
           yet
           all
           fell
           to
           nothing
           ,
           not
           being
           able
           to
           agree
           upon
           the
           Method
           they
           were
           to
           hold
           in
           their
           Disputations
           ;
           the
           Papists
           not
           daring
           to
           dispute
           upon
           Points
           that
           had
           never
           been
           controverted
           in
           their
           Church
           ,
           without
           having
           first
           consulted
           the
           Pope
           ;
           but
           pretended
           and
           complained
           of
           the
           hard
           usage
           they
           had
           met
           with
           from
           the
           
             Lord
             Keeper
             Bacon
          
           ,
           in
           not
           giving
           them
           time
           sufficient
           to
           consider
           upon
           the
           Points
           in
           Question
           ;
           they
           looking
           upon
           him
           as
           their
           bitter
           Enemy
           .
           And
           some
           of
           the
           Popish
           Bishops
           were
           so
           fiery
           and
           so
           extravagant
           in
           their
           Expressions
           ,
           as
           to
           declare
           ,
           that
           the
           Queen
           ,
           and
           all
           others
           that
           had
           occasioned
           the
           overthrow
           of
           the
           Superstitions
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           Ro●●e
           ,
           ought
           to
           suffer
           Excommunication
           ;
           and
           
           for
           this
           their
           impertinent
           Zeal
           were
           clap●
           into
           Prison
           .
           But
           the
           more
           Prudent
           thought
           it
           more
           fit
           that
           this
           Censure
           should
           be
           left
           to
           the
           Pope
           ,
           lest
           ,
           as
           they
           were
           Subjects
           ,
           such
           Declarations
           in
           them
           might
           prove
           to
           be
           Rebellion
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           the
           Pope
           ,
           being
           made
           perfectly
           well
           acquainted
           with
           all
           these
           passages
           ,
           and
           being
           netled
           to
           the
           quick
           by
           so
           great
           a
           loss
           as
           he
           suffered
           by
           this
           change
           ,
           he
           ordered
           
             Sir
             Edward
             Carne
          
           ,
           who
           had
           been
           Ambassadour
           at
           the
           Court
           of
           Rome
           ,
           for
           King
           Henry
           the
           Eighth
           ,
           for
           Queen
           Mary
           ,
           and
           now
           for
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ,
           not
           to
           act
           any
           longer
           as
           such
           :
           And
           to
           use
           his
           own
           words
           ,
           
             By
             Vigour
             of
             a
             Commandment
             given
             by
             word
             of
             Mouth
             ,
             by
             the
             Oracle
             of
             the
             most
             Holy
             Lord
             the
             Pope
             ,
             in
             vertue
             of
             his
             most
             Holy
             Obedience
             ,
             and
             under
             pain
             of
             his
             greater
             Excommunication
             ,
             and
             loss
             of
             all
             his
             Goods
             and
             Lands
             ,
             not
             to
             depart
             the
             City
             ,
             but
             should
             take
             upon
             him
             the
             Government
             of
             the
             English
             Hospital
             .
          
           Which
           was
           likewise
           done
           ,
           lest
           Sr.
           Edward
           should
           acquaint
           the
           Queen
           with
           the
           secret
           Practises
           of
           the
           French
           against
           her
           ,
           and
           was
           
           willingly
           submitted
           to
           by
           him
           out
           of
           h
           〈…〉
           fervent
           Zeal
           to
           Popery
           ;
           for
           either
           by
           th●
           Pope's
           Instigation
           ,
           or
           the
           Sollicitation
           〈…〉
           the
           French
           King
           ,
           or
           the
           Dauphin's
           Ambition
           ,
           who
           had
           married
           the
           Queen
           〈…〉
           Scots
           ,
           that
           Queen
           took
           upon
           her
           the
           stil
           〈…〉
           and
           Title
           of
           Queen
           of
           England
           ,
           quartering
           the
           Arms
           thereof
           in
           her
           Plate
           ,
           an●
           in
           all
           other
           things
           as
           she
           had
           Occasion●
           which
           she
           did
           as
           Cousin
           and
           next
           He
           〈…〉
           to
           the
           late
           Queen
           ;
           by
           which
           means
           ,
           sh●
           imputed
           Bastardy
           to
           the
           Queen
           then
           l
           〈…〉
           ving
           ;
           which
           Extravagance
           ,
           was
           afterwards
           the
           loss
           of
           that
           unfortunate
           Lady
           〈…〉
           Head.
           
        
         
           As
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           was
           somethin●
           startled
           at
           these
           Proceedings
           ,
           so
           it
           move●
           her
           to
           pursue
           the
           Reformation
           she
           ha●
           begun
           ,
           with
           the
           more
           Eagerness
           .
           T●
           which
           end
           ,
           she
           set
           out
           ,
           by
           Advice
           of
           h
           〈…〉
           Council
           ,
           a
           Body
           of
           Injunctions
           ,
           bein
           〈…〉
           much
           the
           same
           with
           those
           that
           ha●
           been
           published
           in
           the
           beginning
           of
           t
           〈…〉
           Reign
           of
           King
           Edward
           ,
           but
           better
           fut
           〈…〉
           to
           the
           Temper
           of
           that
           Juncture
           ;
           〈…〉
           containing
           the
           severe
           Course
           taken
           〈…〉
           bout
           Ministers
           Marriages
           ,
           the
           Posture
           〈…〉
           the
           Communion
           Table
           ,
           the
           form
           〈…〉
           
           Prayers
           in
           the
           Congregation
           ,
           and
           the
           use
           of
           singing
           ,
           and
           of
           Reverences
           in
           Divine
           Worship
           to
           be
           kept
           in
           Churches
           .
           By
           the
           Injunctions
           she
           made
           way
           to
           her
           Visitation
           ,
           which
           was
           performed
           by
           Commissioners
           in
           their
           several
           Circuits
           ,
           and
           regulated
           by
           a
           Book
           of
           Articles
           ,
           printed
           and
           published
           for
           that
           purpose
           .
           By
           Vertue
           of
           which
           Articles
           ,
           the
           Commissioners
           removed
           all
           carved
           Images
           out
           of
           the
           Church
           ,
           which
           had
           been
           formerly
           abused
           to
           Superstition
           ;
           defacing
           likewise
           ,
           all
           such
           Pictures
           ,
           Paintings
           ,
           and
           other
           Monuments
           ,
           as
           were
           made
           for
           the
           Representation
           of
           feigned
           Miracles
           ;
           and
           this
           they
           did
           with
           so
           much
           Order
           ,
           Moderation
           ,
           and
           Decency
           ,
           that
           the
           Papists
           themselves
           ,
           could
           not
           find
           Fault
           with
           ,
           and
           without
           commiting
           the
           least
           Sacriledge
           ,
           by
           appropriating
           to
           their
           own
           use
           any
           of
           the
           Plate
           or
           other
           Utensils
           ,
           that
           had
           been
           restored
           ,
           and
           bestowed
           upon
           the
           Church
           ,
           in
           the
           late
           Queens
           Time.
           Inquiry
           was
           in
           like
           manner
           made
           into
           the
           Life
           and
           Doctrine
           of
           Ministers
           ,
           their
           Diligence
           in
           their
           respective
           Cures
           ,
           the
           Decency
           of
           their
           Apparel
           ,
           the
           Respect
           that
           was
           borne
           them
           by
           their
           Parishoners
           ,
           the
           Reverent
           Behaviour
           
           of
           all
           manner
           of
           Persons
           during
           Divine
           Service
           .
           Inquiry
           was
           also
           made
           into
           all
           sorts
           of
           Crimes
           ,
           as
           frequenting
           of
           Taverns
           and
           other
           publick
           Houses
           by
           the
           Clergy
           ,
           Adultery
           ,
           Fornication
           ,
           Drunkenness
           ,
           amongst
           the
           Laity
           ,
           with
           several
           other
           things
           that
           have
           since
           been
           practised
           in
           the
           Visitations
           of
           particular
           Bishops
           ;
           an
           Oath
           of
           Supremacy
           was
           likewise
           offered
           to
           most
           of
           the
           Popish
           Bishops
           ,
           and
           others
           of
           the
           Clergy
           ,
           which
           they
           had
           most
           of
           them
           sworn
           to
           in
           the
           time
           of
           Henry
           the
           Eighth
           ,
           and
           such
           as
           refused
           it
           were
           displaced
           ,
           and
           others
           substituted
           in
           their
           places
           .
           And
           this
           was
           the
           Course
           and
           Method
           that
           was
           taken
           for
           the
           abolishing
           the
           Superstitions
           of
           Rome
           ,
           and
           the
           introducing
           and
           setling
           the
           true
           Reformed
           Religion
           in
           this
           Kingdom
           ,
           which
           was
           done
           with
           that
           ease
           ,
           and
           with
           so
           little
           Commotion
           and
           Disturbance
           ,
           as
           put
           all
           Christendom
           into
           Admiration
           ,
           to
           see
           that
           Gradually
           ,
           Maturely
           ,
           and
           yet
           in
           a
           short
           time
           ,
           this
           change
           had
           been
           brought
           to
           pass
           .
           For
           ,
           after
           Popery
           had
           continued
           a
           full
           Month
           after
           
             Queen
             Maries
          
           Decease
           ,
           in
           the
           same
           estate
           as
           formerly
           ,
           on
           the
           Twenty
           seventh
           of
           December
           ,
           the
           Epistles
           ,
           Gospels
           ,
           the
           Lords
           Prayer
           ,
           Ten
           
           Commandments
           ,
           the
           Creed
           ,
           and
           the
           Litany
           ,
           were
           allowed
           to
           be
           used
           in
           English
           :
           On
           the
           Twenty
           second
           of
           March
           ,
           the
           Parliament
           being
           then
           Assembled
           ,
           a
           Law
           of
           Edward
           the
           Sixth's
           was
           renewed
           ,
           whereby
           both
           kinds
           were
           permitted
           to
           be
           administred
           in
           the
           Lords
           Supper
           :
           On
           the
           Twenty
           fourth
           of
           June
           ,
           by
           Authority
           of
           an
           Act
           ,
           the
           Sacrifice
           of
           the
           Mass
           was
           abolished
           ,
           and
           the
           Liturgy
           in
           the
           English
           Tongue
           Established
           ;
           in
           July
           ,
           the
           Oath
           of
           Supremacy
           was
           ministred
           to
           the
           Bishops
           and
           others
           :
           And
           in
           August
           Images
           were
           removed
           out
           of
           the
           Churches
           ,
           broken
           ,
           or
           burnt
           .
           Thus
           was
           our
           Church
           purified
           from
           the
           Filth
           and
           Idolatries
           of
           Popery
           ,
           and
           the
           Crown
           of
           England
           rendred
           more
           Independent
           than
           any
           other
           of
           Christendom
           ,
           who
           had
           rendred
           and
           continued
           themselves
           Slaves
           by
           submitting
           themselves
           to
           the
           Yoke
           of
           Rome
           ,
           and
           infinite
           Sums
           of
           Money
           were
           continued
           at
           home
           ,
           that
           used
           to
           be
           Exhausted
           hence
           by
           the
           See
           of
           Rome
           ,
           by
           Popish
           Artifice
           and
           Trifles
           ,
           for
           first
           Fruits
           ,
           Pardons
           ,
           Dispensations
           ,
           and
           other
           such
           like
           trash
           of
           Popery
           .
        
         
           During
           these
           religious
           Transactions
           ,
           and
           while
           that
           Ecclesiastical
           Affairs
           were
           
           thus
           setling
           ,
           the
           Ministers
           of
           England
           and
           Spain
           at
           the
           Treaty
           of
           Peace
           at
           Cambray
           ,
           did
           contend
           hard
           for
           the
           Restitution
           of
           Calice
           ;
           all
           which
           ,
           was
           however
           to
           no
           purpose
           ,
           though
           they
           offered
           in
           Lieu
           thereof
           ,
           to
           remit
           three
           Millions
           of
           Crowns
           that
           were
           due
           from
           the
           French.
           The
           Spaniard
           ,
           at
           that
           time
           ,
           holding
           firm
           to
           the
           English
           ,
           both
           for
           that
           the
           English
           had
           lost
           it
           in
           his
           Quarrels
           ,
           and
           that
           he
           was
           sensible
           ,
           according
           to
           all
           Appearances
           ,
           that
           it
           would
           be
           more
           for
           his
           Interest
           in
           the
           Netherlands
           ,
           that
           it
           should
           be
           in
           the
           Hands
           of
           the
           English
           ,
           than
           possessed
           by
           the
           French.
           On
           the
           contrary
           ,
           the
           French
           maintained
           ,
           that
           Calice
           alone
           was
           not
           sufficient
           to
           satisfie
           the
           Damages
           the
           English
           had
           done
           them
           ,
           in
           helping
           the
           Spaniards
           to
           take
           their
           Towns
           ;
           many
           places
           in
           Brittany
           having
           been
           burn'd
           by
           the
           English
           Fleet
           ,
           their
           Ships
           taken
           ,
           their
           Trade
           interrupted
           ,
           and
           vast
           Sums
           of
           Money
           spent
           in
           hindring
           an
           Invasion
           of
           the
           English.
           But
           ,
           the
           Spaniard
           in
           the
           mean
           while
           ,
           having
           discovered
           Queen
           Elizabeth's
           Aversion
           to
           a
           Match
           with
           him
           ,
           the
           Paces
           she
           had
           made
           towards
           the
           introducing
           the
           Reformed
           Religion
           ,
           and
           her
           Resolution
           
           to
           treat
           with
           the
           French
           ,
           without
           Communication
           first
           had
           with
           him
           ,
           he
           grew
           faint
           ,
           and
           fell
           off
           from
           promoting
           the
           English
           Pretensions
           ;
           which
           being
           perceived
           by
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ,
           and
           fearing
           that
           she
           should
           be
           abandoned
           if
           she
           continued
           any
           longer
           in
           her
           demands
           upon
           that
           Point
           ,
           or
           else
           ,
           preferring
           Publick
           Good
           before
           Private
           Interest
           ,
           she
           came
           at
           length
           to
           this
           Agreement
           ;
           That
           the
           French
           King
           should
           peaceably
           enjoy
           for
           the
           Term
           of
           eight
           years
           ,
           the
           Town
           of
           Calice
           ,
           with
           the
           Appurtenances
           and
           sixteen
           great
           Pieces
           of
           Ordnance
           ;
           and
           that
           when
           that
           term
           was
           expired
           ,
           he
           should
           restore
           the
           same
           with
           the
           Town
           ,
           to
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           ;
           or
           otherwise
           ,
           should
           pay
           unto
           the
           Queen
           ,
           the
           Sum
           of
           five
           hundred
           thousand
           Crowns
           .
           In
           Consequence
           of
           which
           Accommodation
           ,
           Peace
           was
           proclaimed
           on
           the
           17th
           .
           of
           April
           ,
           between
           the
           
             Queens
             Majesty
          
           on
           the
           one
           part
           ,
           and
           the
           
             Most
             Christian
             King
          
           on
           the
           other
           ;
           as
           likewise
           ,
           between
           her
           and
           the
           King
           Dauphin
           ,
           with
           his
           Wife
           the
           
             Queen
             of
             Scots
          
           ,
           and
           all
           the
           Subjects
           and
           Dominions
           of
           the
           said
           four
           Princes
           .
           The
           People
           were
           however
           ,
           dissatisfied
           with
           this
           Peace
           ,
           in
           
           regard
           ,
           that
           Calice
           was
           not
           restored
           ,
           and
           laid
           the
           blame
           thereof
           upon
           the
           Bishops
           ,
           and
           other
           Papists
           .
           But
           ,
           the
           French
           King
           lived
           not
           long
           to
           enjoy
           the
           Benefit
           thereof
           ,
           he
           being
           killed
           at
           a
           Turnament
           in
           Paris
           ,
           by
           the
           
             Count
             de
             Montgomery
          
           ;
           and
           though
           his
           eldest
           Son
           and
           Successor
           ,
           Francis
           ,
           caused
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           ,
           his
           Wife
           ,
           to
           assume
           the
           Title
           and
           Arms
           of
           England
           ,
           yet
           she
           resolved
           to
           bestow
           a
           Royal
           Obsequy
           on
           the
           King
           deceased
           ,
           which
           was
           accordingly
           performed
           in
           St.
           Paul's
           Church
           in
           a
           most
           Solemn
           manner
           .
        
         
           The
           Parliament
           being
           now
           to
           be
           dissolved
           ,
           the
           House
           of
           Commons
           made
           an
           humble
           Address
           unto
           her
           ,
           in
           which
           they
           most
           earnestly
           besought
           her
           ,
           that
           for
           securing
           the
           Peace
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           and
           the
           Satisfaction
           of
           all
           her
           good
           and
           loving
           Subjects
           ,
           she
           would
           think
           of
           marrying
           ,
           without
           particularizing
           to
           her
           any
           one
           man
           ,
           but
           leaving
           to
           her
           the
           Choice
           of
           the
           Person
           .
           Whereto
           she
           made
           Answer
           ,
           That
           she
           was
           obliged
           to
           them
           for
           their
           good
           Affections
           ,
           and
           took
           their
           Application
           to
           her
           to
           be
           well
           intended
           ;
           and
           the
           rather
           ,
           because
           it
           contained
           no
           Limitation
           of
           Time
           or
           Person
           ;
           which
           ,
           had
           it
           done
           ,
           she
           should
           
           have
           disliked
           it
           very
           much
           ,
           and
           have
           looked
           upon
           it
           as
           a
           very
           great
           Presumption
           ,
           That
           she
           had
           long
           since
           made
           choice
           of
           the
           State
           of
           Life
           wherein
           she
           then
           lived
           ,
           and
           hoped
           that
           God
           would
           give
           her
           Strength
           and
           Constancy
           to
           go
           thorough
           with
           it
           ;
           that
           if
           she
           had
           been
           inclined
           to
           have
           changed
           that
           Course
           ,
           she
           neither
           wanted
           many
           Invitations
           to
           it
           ,
           in
           the
           Reign
           of
           her
           Brother
           ,
           nor
           many
           strong
           Impulsions
           in
           the
           time
           of
           her
           Sister
           .
           Moreover
           ,
           says
           she
           ,
           
             to
             satisfie
             you
             ,
             I
             have
             already
             joyned
             my self
             in
             Marriage
             to
             a
             Husband
             ,
             namely
             ,
             the
             Kingdom
             of
          
           England
           ,
           
             and
             behold
          
           ,
           continued
           she
           ,
           
             which
             I
             marvel
             you
             have
             forgotten
             ,
             the
             Pledge
             of
             this
             my
             Marriage
             and
             my
             Wedlock
             with
             my
             Kingdom
          
           ;
           and
           thereupon
           ,
           took
           the
           Ring
           off
           her
           Finger
           ,
           wherewith
           ,
           at
           her
           Coronation
           ,
           she
           had
           in
           a
           set
           Form
           of
           Words
           ,
           given
           her self
           in
           Marriage
           to
           her
           Kingdom
           :
           And
           then
           ,
           making
           a
           Pause
           ,
           
             And
             do
             not
             ,
             said
             she
             ,
             upbraid
             me
             with
             miserable
             lack
             of
             Children
             ;
             for
             ,
             every
             one
             of
             you
             ,
             and
             as
             many
             as
             are
             Englishmen
             ,
             are
             Children
             and
             Kinsmen
             to
             me
             ,
             of
             whom
             ,
             if
             God
             deprive
             me
             not
             ,
             (
             which
             God
             forbid
             )
             I
             cannot
             ,
             without
             
             injury
             be
             accounted
             Barren
             .
          
           And
           then
           having
           promised
           she
           would
           take
           a
           Husband
           in
           case
           the
           good
           of
           the
           State
           should
           so
           require
           ,
           she
           licensed
           them
           to
           depart
           to
           their
           several
           Businesses
           .
        
         
           
             The
             Queen
             Coming
             through
             the
             City
             in
             Triump●
          
        
         
           
             The
             Return
             of
             the
             Gospell
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             Poolling
             down
             &
             burning
             of
             Popish
             Images
          
        
         
           Shortly
           after
           which
           ,
           came
           the
           Duke
           of
           Finland
           ,
           as
           Ambassador
           from
           the
           King
           of
           Sweden
           ,
           to
           propose
           a
           Marriage
           between
           
             Her
             Majesty
          
           and
           
             Prince
             Ericus
          
           ,
           that
           King
           's
           Eldest
           Son
           ;
           and
           ,
           this
           Ambassadour
           having
           been
           magnificently
           treated
           by
           the
           Queen
           ,
           was
           at
           length
           dismissed
           ,
           with
           the
           same
           Success
           as
           all
           the
           rest
           ,
           who
           ,
           before
           and
           after
           ,
           came
           upon
           that
           Errand
           .
        
         
           And
           now
           the
           Emperour
           and
           the
           Catholick
           Princes
           ,
           interceeded
           with
           the
           Queen
           by
           several
           Letters
           ,
           that
           such
           Bishops
           as
           were
           displaced
           might
           meet
           with
           a
           kind
           Usage
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           Papists
           might
           be
           allowed
           Churches
           by
           themselves
           ,
           in
           Cities
           .
           Whereto
           she
           made
           Answer
           ,
           
             Although
             those
             Popish
             Bishops
             have
             insolently
             and
             openly
             repugned
             against
             the
             Laws
             and
             Quiet
             of
             the
             Realm
             ,
             and
             do
             now
             obstinately
             reject
             that
             Doctrine
             ,
             which
             most
             part
             of
             themselves
             ,
             under
             Henry
             the
             Eighth
             ,
             and
             Edward
             the
             
             Sixth
             ,
             had
             of
             their
             own
             Accord
             ,
             with
             Heart
             and
             Hand
             ,
             publickly
             in
             their
             Sermons
             and
             Writings
             ,
             taught
             unto
             others
             ,
             when
             they
             themselves
             were
             not
             private
             Men
             ,
             but
             publick
             Magistrates
             :
             yet
             would
             she
             ,
             for
             so
             great
             Princes
             Sakes
             ,
             deal
             favourably
             with
             them
             ,
             though
             not
             without
             Offence
             to
             her
             own
             Subjects
             :
             But
             ,
             grant
             them
             Churches
             to
             celebrate
             their
             Divine
             Offices
             in
             ,
             apart
             by
             themselves
             ,
             she
             cannot
             ,
             with
             the
             Safety
             of
             the
             Common-wealth
             ,
             and
             without
             wrong
             to
             her
             own
             Honour
             and
             Conscience
             .
             Neither
             is
             there
             any
             Cause
             why
             she
             should
             grant
             them
             ,
             seeing
             England
             embraceth
             no
             new
             and
             strange
             Doctrine
             ,
             but
             the
             same
             which
             Christ
             hath
             commanded
             ,
             the
             Primitive
             and
             Catholick
             Church
             hath
             received
             ,
             and
             the
             Ancient
             Fathers
             have
             with
             one
             Voice
             and
             Mind
             approved
             .
             And
             to
             allow
             Churches
             with
             contrary
             Rites
             and
             Ceremonies
             ;
             besides
             ,
             that
             it
             openly
             repugneth
             against
             the
             Laws
             established
             by
             Authority
             of
             Parliament
             ,
             were
             nothing
             else
             but
             to
             sow
             Religion
             out
             of
             Religion
             ,
             to
             distract
             good
             Men's
             Minds
             ,
             to
             cherish
             factious
             Men's
             Humours
             ,
             
             disturb
             Religion
             and
             Common-wealth
             ,
             and
             mingle
             Divine
             and
             Humane
             things
             :
             Which
             were
             a
             thing
             indeed
             evil
             ,
             in
             Example
             worst
             of
             all
             ,
             to
             her
             own
             good
             Subjects
             hurtful
             ,
             and
             to
             themselves
             ,
             to
             whom
             it
             is
             granted
             ,
             neither
             greatly
             Commodious
             ,
             nor
             yet
             at
             all
             safe
             .
             She
             was
             therefore
             determined
             out
             of
             her
             Natural
             Clemency
             ,
             and
             especially
             at
             their
             request
             ,
             to
             be
             willing
             to
             heal
             the
             private
             Insolency
             of
             a
             few
             by
             much
             Connivance
             ;
             yet
             so
             as
             she
             might
             not
             encourage
             their
             obstinate
             minds
             by
             Indulgence
             .
          
        
         
           The
           Spaniard
           having
           lost
           all
           hopes
           of
           a
           Match
           between
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           and
           himself
           ,
           and
           fearing
           lest
           the
           
             Crown
             of
             England
          
           might
           happen
           to
           be
           joyned
           to
           the
           Scepter
           of
           France
           ,
           he
           perswaded
           the
           
             Emperour
             Ferdinand
          
           to
           propose
           one
           of
           his
           Sons
           for
           a
           Husband
           to
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           ;
           which
           accordingly
           he
           did
           by
           an
           Ambassadour
           ,
           whom
           he
           sent
           to
           that
           purpose
           ,
           but
           all
           to
           the
           same
           effect
           as
           the
           rest
           that
           had
           been
           before
           him
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           those
           of
           the
           Reformed
           Religion
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           being
           weary
           of
           the
           French
           insolency
           and
           oppression
           ,
           and
           no
           
           longer
           able
           to
           endure
           the
           Idolatries
           and
           Impositions
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           ,
           proceeded
           of
           their
           own
           Authority
           to
           a
           change
           in
           Religion
           ;
           and
           being
           influenced
           by
           the
           greatest
           Men
           in
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           and
           stirr'd
           up
           by
           Knox
           in
           his
           Sermons
           ,
           they
           fell
           upon
           destroying
           all
           Altars
           and
           Images
           in
           several
           Places
           ,
           demolishing
           of
           some
           Religious
           Houses
           ,
           and
           burning
           of
           others
           ;
           And
           being
           countenanced
           and
           seconded
           by
           the
           Nobility
           ,
           they
           seize
           upon
           Perth
           and
           other
           places
           ,
           and
           assuming
           to
           themselves
           the
           Name
           of
           the
           Congregation
           ,
           they
           managed
           their
           own
           Affairs
           apart
           from
           the
           rest
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           and
           began
           to
           stand
           upon
           such
           high
           Terms
           ,
           as
           to
           pass
           an
           Act
           for
           the
           depriving
           the
           
             Queen
             Regent
          
           of
           all
           Place
           and
           Power
           in
           the
           publick
           Government
           .
           Whereupon
           the
           
             Queen
             Regent
          
           ,
           to
           provide
           for
           her
           own
           security
           ,
           having
           already
           received
           some
           Forces
           out
           of
           France
           ,
           though
           not
           sufficient
           ,
           she
           desires
           ,
           and
           is
           assisted
           with
           farther
           Supplies
           .
           Hereupon
           the
           Heads
           of
           the
           Congregation
           ,
           dispatch
           Melvin
           ,
           and
           Maitland
           ,
           Lord
           Secretary
           to
           the
           Queen
           of
           England
           ,
           making
           Complaints
           ,
           that
           since
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           had
           been
           married
           to
           the
           Dauphin
           ,
           the
           Government
           of
           the
           
           Kingdom
           was
           changed
           ,
           all
           Places
           laid
           waste
           by
           Foreign
           Souldiers
           ,
           the
           highest
           Offices
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           were
           bestowed
           upon
           French-men
           ,
           the
           Castles
           and
           all
           other
           fortified
           Places
           put
           into
           their
           hands
           ,
           and
           the
           purer
           Money
           of
           the
           Realm
           was
           embased
           for
           their
           gain
           ;
           and
           that
           by
           these
           and
           such
           other
           like
           Contrivances
           ,
           the
           French
           made
           way
           for
           their
           seizing
           on
           the
           Crown
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           in
           case
           it
           happened
           otherwise
           than
           well
           with
           their
           Queen
           ;
           and
           therefore
           they
           implore
           her
           Succours
           and
           Assistance
           for
           the
           expulsion
           of
           that
           People
           ,
           who
           might
           otherwise
           be
           destructive
           ,
           and
           of
           ill
           Consequence
           to
           both
           Realms
           .
           Whereupon
           this
           Affair
           being
           taken
           into
           consideration
           ,
           some
           were
           of
           Opinion
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           not
           safe
           for
           the
           Queen
           to
           condescend
           and
           comply
           with
           their
           desires
           ,
           but
           others
           were
           for
           the
           Queens
           granting
           them
           ▪
           Succours
           ,
           considering
           that
           the
           French
           were
           making
           such
           extraordinary
           Preparations
           ,
           both
           in
           France
           and
           Germany
           ,
           of
           Men
           and
           Ammunition
           for
           to
           be
           transported
           into
           Scotland
           ,
           as
           were
           not
           only
           sufficient
           to
           subdue
           that
           Kingdom
           to
           their
           Wills
           ,
           but
           seemed
           to
           threaten
           an
           Invasion
           of
           England
           ,
           through
           that
           Door
           ,
           by
           their
           Contracting
           Alliances
           with
           other
           
           States
           ,
           and
           the
           French
           King's
           taking
           upon
           him
           the
           Title
           of
           England
           ,
           and
           therefore
           that
           the
           Queen
           was
           obliged
           ,
           both
           out
           of
           Piety
           and
           Prudence
           ,
           to
           give
           such
           assistance
           to
           the
           Scots
           ,
           as
           might
           hinder
           the
           French
           from
           taking
           possession
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           .
        
         
           Hereupon
           ,
           great
           Preparations
           were
           made
           for
           this
           Expedition
           ,
           the
           Duke
           of
           Norfolk
           was
           appointed
           Lieutenant
           General
           in
           the
           Northern
           parts
           towards
           Scotland
           ;
           the
           Earl
           of
           Sussex
           ,
           who
           had
           been
           Deputy
           of
           Ireland
           in
           the
           late
           Queens
           time
           ,
           was
           sent
           back
           thither
           ,
           with
           Instructions
           for
           the
           preventing
           any
           Change
           in
           that
           Kingdom
           ;
           and
           the
           Queens
           Commissioners
           being
           met
           with
           those
           of
           the
           Scots
           at
           Berwick
           ,
           it
           was
           concluded
           ,
           and
           a
           League
           made
           to
           this
           Effect
           :
           
             That
             whereas
             the
             French
             go
             against
             all
             right
             and
             reason
             to
             subdue
             Scotland
             ,
             and
             unite
             it
             to
             the
             Scepter
             of
             France
             ,
             the
             Queen
             of
             England
             shall
             take
             the
             Duke
             of
             Chastel-heraut
             ,
             Heir
             apparent
             to
             the
             Crown
             of
             Scotland
             ,
             and
             the
             Scotish
             Nobility
             and
             People
             unto
             her
             Protection
             ,
             as
             long
             as
             the
             French
             King
             hath
             Mary
             Queen
             of
             Scots
             in
             marriage
             ,
             and
             a
             year
             after
             .
             She
             shall
             send
             an
             Army
             
             by
             Sea
             and
             Land
             ,
             with
             all
             Warlike
             provision
             ,
             to
             expel
             and
             exclude
             the
             French
             out
             of
             Scotland
             .
             She
             shall
             not
             enter
             into
             Peace
             with
             the
             French
             ,
             but
             with
             condition
             that
             Scotland
             may
             enjoy
             her
             Ancient
             Liberty
             .
             The
             Forts
             and
             Strong
             Holds
             ,
             recovered
             by
             the
             Aid
             of
             the
             English
             from
             the
             French
             ,
             shall
             forthwith
             be
             razed
             ,
             or
             else
             delivered
             into
             the
             hands
             of
             the
             Duke
             of
             Norfolk
             ,
             at
             his
             choice
             .
             The
             English
             shall
             fortifie
             no
             Places
             in
             Scotland
             ,
             but
             by
             the
             Consent
             of
             the
             Duke
             of
             Chastel-heralt
             ,
             and
             the
             Nobility
             of
             Scotland
             .
             The
             Confederates
             shall
             aid
             the
             English
             all
             they
             can
             ;
             they
             shall
             hold
             for
             Enemies
             all
             whosoever
             shall
             be
             Enemies
             to
             the
             English
             .
             They
             shall
             not
             suffer
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Scotland
             to
             be
             united
             to
             France
             ,
             by
             any
             other
             means
             than
             as
             they
             are
             now
             conjoyned
             by
             Marriage
             .
             If
             England
             be
             invaded
             by
             the
             French
             on
             this
             side
             the
             Rivor
             Tine
             ,
             the
             Scots
             shall
             send
             two
             thousand
             Horse
             and
             a
             thousand
             Foot
             under
             the
             Queen
             of
             England's
             Pay.
             But
             if
             it
             be
             invaded
             beyond
             the
             Tine
             ,
             they
             shall
             joyn
             with
             the
             English
             ,
             to
             assist
             them
             with
             all
             the
             Power
             they
             can
             make
             ,
             and
             
             that
             at
             their
             own
             Charges
             ,
             the
             space
             of
             thirty
             dayes
             ,
             as
             they
             use
             to
             do
             for
             the
             Defence
             of
             Scotland
             .
             The
             Earl
             of
             Argyle
             ,
             Justicer
             General
             of
             Scotland
             ,
             shall
             do
             his
             best
             that
             the
             North
             part
             of
             Ireland
             be
             reduced
             into
             order
             ,
             upon
             certain
             Conditions
             ,
             on
             which
             the
             Lieutenant
             of
             Ireland
             and
             he
             shall
             agree
             .
             Finally
             ,
             it
             is
             prescribed
             what
             both
             of
             them
             shall
             perform
             ,
             in
             case
             
               Mac
               Conel
            
             or
             other
             Hebridians
             shall
             attempt
             any
             thing
             in
             Scotland
             or
             Ireland
             .
             For
             Confirmation
             of
             these
             Articles
             ,
             before
             such
             time
             as
             the
             English
             Army
             enter
             into
             Scotland
             ,
             Hostages
             shall
             be
             sent
             into
             England
             ,
             to
             be
             changed
             every
             Sixth
             or
             Fourth
             Month
             ,
             at
             the
             Choice
             of
             the
             Scots
             ,
             during
             the
             Marriage
             betwixt
             the
             French
             King
             and
             the
             Queen
             of
             Scots
             ,
             and
             a
             year
             after
             ,
             the
             Duke
             of
             Chastel-herault
             and
             the
             Confederate
             Earls
             and
             Parliamentary
             Barons
             ,
             shall
             ratifie
             these
             Articles
             by
             their
             hands
             and
             Seals
             ,
             within
             twenty
             days
             :
             And
             withal
             ,
             (
             for
             as
             much
             as
             the
             Queen
             of
             England
             undertaketh
             these
             things
             ,
             in
             no
             other
             respect
             ,
             than
             in
             regard
             of
             Amity
             and
             Neighbourhood
             ,
             to
             defend
             the
             Scots
             from
             the
             Yoke
             of
             servitude
             ;
             they
             shall
             make
             
             Declaration
             that
             they
             will
             yield
             Obedience
             to
             the
             Queen
             of
             Scots
             ,
             )
             and
             the
             King
             her
             Husband
             ,
             in
             all
             things
             which
             shall
             not
             make
             for
             the
             taking
             away
             of
             their
             ancient
             Liberty
             .
          
        
         
           In
           Consequence
           of
           this
           Agreement
           ,
           and
           of
           the
           publick
           Declarations
           of
           the
           French
           ,
           of
           their
           design
           to
           invade
           England
           ,
           an
           Army
           of
           six
           thousand
           Foot
           and
           three
           thousand
           Horse
           ,
           were
           sent
           into
           Scotland
           ,
           under
           the
           Command
           of
           the
           Lord
           Gray
           ,
           an
           expert
           Captain
           ;
           and
           some
           ships
           being
           sent
           to
           block
           up
           the
           Frieth
           of
           Edenborough
           ,
           they
           dispersed
           and
           put
           to
           flight
           some
           French
           Men
           of
           War
           that
           hovered
           upon
           that
           Coast.
           
        
         
           About
           the
           time
           that
           the
           English
           Army
           entred
           Scotland
           ,
           the
           French
           made
           Proposals
           and
           Promises
           ▪
           of
           restoring
           Calice
           ,
           in
           case
           the
           Queen
           would
           recall
           her
           Forces
           :
           Which
           she
           absolutely
           refused
           ,
           saying
           ;
           That
           she
           looked
           upon
           Calice
           as
           a
           poor
           Fisher
           Town
           ,
           in
           comparison
           of
           the
           safety
           and
           security
           of
           all
           Brittain
           .
           Now
           the
           French
           seeing
           that
           the
           English
           had
           blocked
           up
           the
           Town
           of
           Leith
           by
           Sea
           and
           Land
           ,
           i●
           such
           ●●●●
           ▪
           as
           that
           there
           was
           no
           possibility
           of
           relieving
           it
           ,
           and
           finding
           themselves
           〈◊〉
           
           able
           to
           maintain
           their
           projects
           against
           〈…〉
           English
           Courages
           and
           Power
           ,
           the
           
             Fr
             〈…〉
          
           King
           proposeth
           a
           Peace
           ;
           and
           to
           that
           〈…〉
           sendeth
           .
           Embassadours
           to
           
             Edenborough
             ▪
          
           〈…〉
           confer
           and
           treat
           with
           C●cyl
           ,
           and
           
             Nicho
             〈…〉
             W●tton
          
           Dea●
           of
           Canterbury
           and
           
             York
             ▪
          
           〈…〉
           were
           sent
           thither
           as
           Commissioners
           〈…〉
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ,
           who
           came
           at
           length
           ▪
           to
           this
           Conclusion
           ;
           That
           all
           the
           French
           Forces
           should
           immediately
           depart
           out
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           except
           sixty
           men
           only
           to
           b●
           left
           in
           Dunbar
           ,
           and
           as
           many
           in
           the
           Fo
           〈…〉
           of
           Nachkeeth
           ;
           that
           they
           should
           be
           transported
           ,
           for
           their
           greater
           Security
           ,
           in
           English
           Bottoms
           ;
           that
           all
           matters
           of
           Religio
           〈…〉
           should
           be
           referred
           to
           the
           following
           Parliament
           ;
           that
           an
           Act
           of
           Oblivion
           should
           be
           passed
           for
           the
           Indemnity
           of
           all
           who
           ha
           〈…〉
           borne
           Arms
           on
           either
           side
           ;
           that
           a
           general
           ▪
           Bond
           of
           Love
           and
           Amit●
           should
           b●
           made
           betwixt
           the
           Lords
           and
           their
           〈…〉
           r●nts
           of
           both
           Religions
           :
           And
           〈…〉
           ▪
           amongst
           many
           other
           Particulars
           ,
           That
           n
           〈…〉
           ther
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           ,
           nor
           the
           French
           King
           ,
           should
           ,
           from
           thence
           forward
           ▪
           〈…〉
           the
           Titles
           and
           Arms
           of
           England
           .
           〈…〉
           Articles
           being
           signed
           for
           both
           Kin
           〈…〉
           the
           French
           〈…〉
           
             Scotland
             ▪
          
           〈…〉
           
           English
           Army
           being
           returned
           home
           ,
           was
           thereupon
           disbanded
           .
           Shortly
           after
           which
           ,
           the
           Earls
           of
           Morton
           and
           Glencarn
           were
           sent
           by
           the
           Congregation
           to
           pay
           their
           most
           〈…〉
           mble
           Thanks
           and
           Acknowledgments
           to
           ●er
           Majesty
           ,
           for
           her
           ready
           and
           successful
           Assistance
           ,
           and
           to
           implore
           the
           Continuation
           of
           her
           Favour
           and
           Protection
           ,
           in
           case
           they
           should
           be
           invaded
           by
           the
           French
           ,
           or
           any
           other
           Enemies
           .
           Whereof
           ,
           having
           received
           gracious
           Assurances
           ,
           and
           being
           〈…〉
           obly
           entertained
           ,
           and
           bountifully
           rewarded
           with
           Gifts
           and
           Presents
           ,
           they
           returned
           with
           such
           Joy
           and
           Satisfaction
           to
           ●he
           Congregation
           ,
           that
           for
           these
           Reasons
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           further
           engaging
           her
           Protection
           ,
           they
           obliged
           themselves
           by
           their
           Subscription
           ,
           to
           embrace
           the
           Liturgy
           ,
           with
           all
           the
           Rites
           and
           Ceremonies
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ;
           which
           ,
           for
           a
           time
           ,
           remained
           the
           only
           Form
           of
           Worship
           retained
           in
           the
           Kirke
           of
           Scotland
           .
           After
           which
           ,
           they
           caused
           a
           Parliament
           to
           be
           called
           ,
           in
           Pursuance
           of
           the
           Articles
           of
           the
           Pacification
           ;
           from
           which
           no
           Person
           ▪
           w
           〈…〉
           ed
           ,
           who
           had
           any
           Right
           of
           Suff
           〈…〉
           ose
           Authority
           three
           Acts
           pa
           〈…〉
           g
           wholly
           to
           the
           promoting
           and
           
           establishing
           of
           the
           Reformation
           .
           The
           first
           was
           for
           the
           abolishing
           the
           Pope's
           Jurisdiction
           and
           Authority
           within
           that
           Realm
           ;
           the
           second
           ,
           For
           the
           annulling
           all
           Statutes
           made
           in
           former
           Times
           ,
           for
           maintenance
           of
           Idolatry
           and
           Superstition
           ;
           and
           the
           third
           ,
           for
           the
           Punishments
           of
           the
           Sayers
           and
           Hearers
           of
           Mass.
           
        
         
           And
           now
           let
           us
           return
           to
           England
           ,
           where
           the
           Earl
           of
           Arrain
           ,
           being
           recommended
           by
           the
           Protestants
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           for
           a
           Husband
           to
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ;
           by
           that
           means
           ,
           to
           have
           united
           the
           two
           Crowns
           :
           this
           Match
           was
           handsomly
           rejected
           by
           her
           and
           with
           great
           Commendation
           of
           the
           Person
           .
           The
           like
           Address
           was
           made
           by
           the
           King
           of
           Denmark
           ,
           in
           Favour
           of
           Adolph
           Duke
           of
           Holstein
           ,
           a
           Prince
           who
           had
           gained
           great
           Honours
           by
           the
           Wars
           ,
           and
           who
           came
           himself
           over
           ,
           for
           that
           purpose
           ,
           but
           was
           dismissed
           by
           the
           Queen
           with
           the
           Honour
           of
           the
           Garter
           ,
           and
           a
           yearly
           Pension
           ;
           whereby
           she
           bound
           him
           for
           ever
           to
           her
           Interests
           .
        
         
           At
           home
           ,
           Sir
           
             William
             Pickering
          
           ,
           the
           Earl
           of
           Arundel
           ,
           and
           
             Robert
             Dudley
          
           ,
           the
           Duke
           of
           Northumberland's
           younger
           S
           〈…〉
           statter'd
           themselves
           with
           the
           hopes
           〈…〉
           taining
           
           unto
           the
           Honour
           of
           being
           her
           Husband
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           the
           Lord
           Vicount
           Montacute
           ,
           the
           Queens
           Ambassador
           in
           Spain
           ,
           represents
           to
           that
           King
           the
           Necessity
           of
           the
           Scotish
           War
           ;
           endeavours
           to
           free
           the
           Scots
           from
           all
           Aspersions
           of
           Rebellion
           ;
           proving
           ,
           though
           a
           zealous
           Catholick
           ,
           that
           the
           Religion
           that
           was
           now
           introduced
           into
           England
           ,
           was
           wholly
           consonant
           to
           the
           Sacred
           Scriptures
           ,
           and
           the
           four
           first
           
             General
             Councils
          
           ;
           and
           demanded
           ,
           that
           the
           League
           of
           Burgundy
           might
           be
           renewed
           .
           Whereto
           ,
           that
           King
           replyed
           ,
           That
           the
           confirming
           of
           the
           League
           was
           in
           no
           wise
           necessary
           ,
           bemoaneth
           the
           Change
           of
           Religion
           in
           England
           ,
           is
           troubled
           at
           the
           Expedition
           into
           Scotland
           ,
           sendeth
           back
           the
           Order
           of
           the
           Garter
           ,
           and
           taketh
           unkindly
           some
           Repulses
           in
           things
           of
           small
           Moment
           ;
           and
           though
           he
           gave
           some
           necessary
           Cautions
           ,
           as
           to
           Clauses
           to
           be
           inserted
           in
           the
           Treaty
           of
           Edenborough
           ,
           and
           for
           a
           while
           ,
           opposed
           the
           French
           Practi●●
           at
           Rome
           ,
           who
           endeavoured
           to
           pro●●●rt
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           to
           be
           excommunicated
           ;
           yet
           his
           Ministers
           ▪
           incensing
           him
           ▪
           〈…〉
           more
           and
           more
           against
           the
           Engl
           〈…〉
           
           Affronts
           were
           offered
           to
           the
           Queens
           Ambassador
           at
           his
           Court
           ;
           and
           he
           is
           likewise
           said
           to
           have
           then
           endeavoured
           to
           perswade
           the
           new
           elected
           Pope
           to
           thunder
           out
           his
           Bulls
           of
           Excommunication
           against
           her
           Majesty
           .
           But
           the
           
             Court
             of
             Rome
          
           ,
           being
           sensible
           how
           little
           she
           valued
           those
           empty
           Crackers
           ,
           instead
           of
           complying
           with
           the
           Spaniard
           ;
           sent
           to
           her
           the
           
             Abbot
             Vincentio
             Papalia
          
           ,
           with
           secret
           Instructions
           ,
           and
           fawning
           Letters
           ,
           whereof
           you
           have
           here
           an
           Abstract
           .
        
         
           
             
               To
               our
               most
               dear
               Daughter
               ,
               Elizabeth
               Queen
               of
               England
               .
            
             
               OUR
               most
               dear
               Daughter
               in
               Christ
               ,
               greeting
               ,
               and
               Apostolical
               Benediction
               .
               How
               greatly
               We
               do
               desire
               (
               according
               as
               our
               Pastoral
               Office
               requireth
               )
               to
               take
               care
               of
               your
               Salvation
               ,
               and
               to
               provide
               as
               well
               for
               your
               Honour
               ,
               as
               the
               Establishment
               of
               your
               Kingdom
               ,
               both
               God
               the
               Searcher
               of
               our
               Hearts
               knoweth
               ,
               and
               you
               your self
               may
               understand
               ,
               by
               the
               Instructions
               which
               we
               have
               given
               to
               this
               Our
               beloved
               Son
               
                 Vincentio
                 Papalia
              
               ,
               Abbot
               of
               St.
               Saviour
               ,
               a
               man
               known
               unto
               you
               ,
               and
               of
               Us
               well
               approved
               ,
               to
               be
               by
               him
               imparted
               unto
               You.
               We
               do
               therefore
               ,
               most
               Dear
               Daughter
               ,
               exhort
               and
               admonish
               your
               Highness
               again
               ,
               That
               rejecting
               bad
               Councellors
               ,
               ●●●
               love
               not
               you
               ,
               but
               themselves
               ,
               and
               serve
               their
               own
               De●●●s
               ,
               You
               would
               take
               the
               Fear
               of
               God
               to
               counsel
               ,
               and
               acknowledging
               the
               time
               of
               your
               Visitation
               ,
               o●ey
               Our
               Fatherly
               
               Admonitions
               and
               wholsome
               Advices
               ,
               and
               promise
               to
               your self
               all
               things
               concerning
               Us
               ,
               which
               you
               shall
               desire
               of
               Us
               ,
               not
               onely
               for
               the
               Salvation
               of
               your
               Soul
               ,
               but
               also
               for
               the
               establishing
               and
               confirming
               of
               your
               Royal
               Dignity
               ,
               according
               to
               the
               Authority
               ,
               Place
               ,
               and
               Function
               committed
               to
               Us
               by
               God
               ;
               who
               ,
               if
               you
               return
               into
               the
               Boso●
               of
               the
               Church
               ,
               as
               We
               wish
               and
               hope
               you
               will
               ,
               are
               ready
               to
               receive
               you
               ,
               with
               the
               same
               Love
               ,
               Honour
               ,
               and
               Rejoycing
               ,
               wherewith
               that
               Father
               in
               the
               Gospel
               received
               his
               Son
               ,
               who
               returned
               unto
               him
               :
               although
               our
               Joy
               shall
               be
               so
               much
               the
               greater
               than
               his
               ,
               in
               that
               he
               rejoyced
               for
               the
               Salvation
               of
               one
               onely
               Son
               ;
               but
               You
               ,
               drawing
               with
               you
               all
               the
               people
               of
               England
               ,
               shall
               not
               only
               by
               your
               own
               Salvation
               ,
               but
               also
               by
               the
               Salvation
               of
               the
               whole
               Nation
               ,
               replenish
               Us
               and
               all
               our
               Brethren
               in
               General
               ,
               whom
               ,
               God
               willing
               ,
               you
               should
               hear
               shortly
               to
               be
               congregated
               in
               an
               Oecumenical
               and
               General
               Council
               ,
               for
               abolishing
               of
               Heresies
               ,
               and
               the
               whole
               Church
               ,
               with
               joy
               and
               gladness
               :
               Yea
               ,
               you
               shall
               also
               glad
               Heaven
               it self
               ,
               and
               purchase
               ,
               ●y
               somemorable
               a
               Fact
               ,
               admirable
               Glory
               to
               your
               Name
               ,
               and
               much
               more
               renowned
               than
               that
               Crown
               you
               wear
               .
               But
               of
               this
               matter
               the
               same
               Vincentio
               shall
               treat
               with
               you
               more
               at
               large
               ,
               and
               shall
               declare
               unto
               you
               our
               Fatherly
               affection
               ,
               whom
               we
               pray
               your
               Highness
               ,
               that
               you
               will
               graciously
               receive
               ,
               diligently
               hear
               ,
               and
               give
               the
               same
               Credit
               to
               his
               Speech
               ,
               which
               you
               would
               do
               to
               Our Self
               .
               Given
               at
               Rome
               at
               Saint
               
                 Peters
                 ,
                 &c.
              
               The
               1.5
               .
               day
               of
               
                 May
                 1560.
              
               
               In
               our
               first
               year
               .
            
          
        
         
           Notwithstanding
           all
           this
           Cajoslery
           ,
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           kept
           firm
           to
           her
           Motto
           ,
           viz.
           
             Always
             the
             same
          
           ,
           insomuch
           that
           the
           Pope
           was
           deceived
           in
           his
           hopes
           .
           The
           proposals
           
           that
           the
           Pope
           is
           said
           to
           have
           designed
           to
           have
           made
           by
           this
           Abbot
           ,
           were
           ,
           That
           he
           would
           disanul
           the
           Sentence
           against
           her
           Mothers
           Marriage
           ,
           as
           unjust
           ,
           Confirm
           the
           English
           Liturgy
           by
           his
           Authority
           ,
           and
           grant
           the
           use
           of
           the
           Sacraments
           unto
           the
           English
           under
           both
           kinds
           ,
           upon
           condition
           she
           would
           joyn
           her self
           unto
           the
           
             Roman
             Catholick
             Church
          
           ,
           and
           acknowledge
           the
           Primacy
           of
           the
           See
           of
           Rome
           ,
           and
           an
           offer
           made
           of
           several
           Thousand
           Crowns
           to
           such
           persons
           as
           should
           perswade
           her
           to
           it
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           notwithstanding
           that
           the
           
             French
             King
          
           had
           promised
           to
           ratifie
           all
           that
           his
           Ministers
           should
           conclude
           at
           Edenborough
           ,
           yet
           he
           delayed
           ,
           or
           rather
           refused
           so
           to
           do
           ,
           upon
           several
           frivoulous
           Pretexts
           .
        
         
           Now
           the
           Affairs
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           being
           in
           a
           more
           setled
           Posture
           ,
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           ,
           to
           promote
           and
           keep
           those
           of
           the
           Church
           from
           being
           corrupted
           ,
           caused
           two
           very
           seasonable
           Proclamations
           to
           be
           Published
           .
           By
           the
           one
           ,
           she
           ordered
           the
           Anabaptists
           and
           such
           like
           Sects
           to
           depart
           the
           Realm
           within
           Twenty
           Days
           ,
           whether
           her
           Natural
           born
           Subjects
           or
           Foreigners
           ,
           upon
           very
           severe
           
           Penalties
           .
           By
           the
           other
           ,
           she
           restrained
           a
           Sacrilegious
           sort
           of
           People
           ,
           who
           under
           the
           Specious
           Pretext
           of
           abolishing
           Superstition
           ,
           committed
           several
           Extravagances
           to
           the
           disadvantage
           of
           Honourable
           Families
           ,
           by
           defacing
           their
           Epitaphs
           and
           Coat
           Armours
           ,
           and
           to
           the
           Church
           ,
           by
           taking
           away
           the
           Bells
           ,
           and
           plucking
           away
           the
           Lead
           from
           the
           Roofs
           .
           She
           likewise
           converted
           the
           Abby
           of
           Westminster
           into
           a
           Collegiate
           Church
           ,
           and
           repaired
           and
           reduced
           the
           Money
           which
           had
           been
           embased
           in
           the
           time
           of
           Henry
           the
           Eighth
           to
           the
           just
           value
           .
        
         
           While
           that
           the
           Queen
           was
           busied
           in
           these
           Reformations
           both
           in
           Church
           and
           State
           ,
           there
           broke
           out
           a
           Rebellion
           in
           Ireland
           ,
           which
           was
           headed
           by
           John-O-Neal
           ,
           a
           Man
           of
           great
           Authority
           in
           that
           Kingdom
           ;
           but
           the
           Queen
           ,
           having
           sent
           some
           Forces
           thither
           out
           of
           England
           ,
           he
           was
           quickly
           obliged
           to
           submit
           himself
           to
           her
           Mercy
           .
        
         
           Yet
           notwithstanding
           her
           Power
           ,
           and
           the
           love
           of
           her
           Subjects
           at
           home
           ,
           her
           Authority
           and
           Credit
           abroad
           ,
           and
           her
           Success
           every
           where
           ,
           yet
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           ,
           though
           her
           Husband
           the
           
             French
             King
          
           was
           
           
           
           
           
           Dead
           ,
           refused
           to
           ratifie
           the
           Treaty
           of
           Edenborough
           ,
           maugre
           all
           the
           Sollicitations
           of
           the
           English
           Ambassadours
           to
           the
           
             Queen
             of
             Scots
          
           ,
           who
           were
           then
           at
           the
           Court
           of
           France
           ,
           to
           condole
           the
           Death
           of
           the
           late
           King
           ,
           her
           Husband
           .
        
         
           During
           these
           Transactions
           ,
           the
           truly
           Learned
           and
           ever
           Famous
           
             Bishop
             Jewel
          
           ,
           in
           a
           Sermon
           Preached
           by
           him
           at
           St.
           Paul's
           Cross
           ,
           made
           this
           bold
           and
           noble
           Challenge
           ,
           That
           if
           any
           Learned
           Man
           amongst
           the
           Papists
           ,
           or
           all
           the
           Learned
           Men
           in
           the
           World
           ,
           could
           bring
           any
           one
           sufficient
           Proof
           or
           Sentence
           out
           of
           any
           Catholick
           Doctor
           ,
           or
           Father
           ,
           or
           General
           Council
           ,
           or
           Holy
           Scripture
           ,
           or
           any
           one
           Example
           in
           the
           Primitive
           Church
           ,
           whereby
           it
           may
           clearly
           and
           plainly
           be
           proved
           ,
           during
           the
           first
           six
           Hundred
           Years
           ,
           
             1.
             
             That
             there
             was
             at
             any
             time
             any
             private
             Mass
             in
             the
             World
             ;
             2.
             
             Or
             ,
             that
             there
             was
             any
             Communion
             Administred
             unto
             the
             People
             under
             one
             kind
             ;
             3.
             
             Or
             that
             the
             People
             had
             their
             Common-Prayer
             in
             a
             strange
             Tongue
             ,
             that
             the
             People
             understood
             not
             ;
             4.
             
             Or
             that
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Rome
             was
             then
             called
             an
             Universal
             Bishop
             ,
             or
             the
             head
             of
             the
             Universal
             
             Church
             ;
             5.
             
             Or
             that
             the
             People
             were
             then
             taught
             to
             believe
             that
             Christs
             Body
             is
             Really
             ,
             Substantially
             ,
             Corporally
             ,
             Carnally
             ,
             or
             Naturally
             in
             the
             Sacrament
             ;
             6.
             
             Or
             that
             his
             Body
             is
             ,
             or
             may
             be
             ,
             in
             a
             Thousand
             places
             or
             more
             at
             one
             time
             ;
             7.
             
             Or
             that
             the
             Priest
             did
             then
             hold
             up
             the
             Sacrament
             over
             his
             Head
             ;
             8.
             
             Or
             that
             the
             People
             did
             then
             fall
             down
             and
             worship
             it
             with
             Godly
             Honour
             ;
             9.
             
             Or
             that
             the
             Sacrament
             was
             then
             ,
             or
             now
             ought
             to
             be
             hanged
             up
             under
             a
             Canopy
             ;
             10.
             
             Or
             that
             in
             the
             Sacrament
             ,
             after
             the
             words
             of
             Consecration
             ,
             there
             remained
             only
             the
             Accidents
             and
             Shews
             ,
             without
             the
             Substance
             of
             Bread
             and
             Wine
             ,
             11.
             
             Or
             that
             then
             the
             Priest
             divided
             the
             Sacrament
             into
             three
             parts
             ,
             and
             afterwards
             received
             himself
             all
             alone
             .
             12.
             
             Or
             that
             whosoever
             had
             said
             that
             the
             Sacrament
             is
             a
             Figure
             ,
             a
             Pledge
             ,
             a
             Token
             or
             Remembrance
             of
             Christs
             Body
             ,
             had
             therefore
             been
             judged
             for
             an
             Heretick
             ;
             13.
             
             Or
             ,
             that
             it
             was
             lawful
             then
             to
             have
             Thirty
             ,
             Twenty
             ,
             Fifteen
             ,
             Ten
             ,
             or
             Five
             Masses
             said
             in
             one
             Day
             ;
             14.
             
             Or
             ,
             that
             Images
             were
             then
             set
             up
             in
             the
             Churches
             ,
             to
             the
             intent
             that
             the
             
             People
             might
             Worship
             them
             ;
             15.
             
             Or
             ,
             that
             the
             Lay
             People
             were
             then
             forbidden
             to
             read
             the
             Word
             of
             God
             in
             their
             own
             Tongue
             ;
             16.
             
             Or
             ,
             that
             it
             was
             then
             lawful
             for
             the
             Priest
             to
             pronounce
             the
             Words
             of
             Consecration
             closely
             ,
             or
             in
             private
             to
             himself
             ;
             17.
             
             Or
             ,
             that
             the
             Priest
             had
             then
             Authority
             to
             offer
             up
             Christ
             unto
             his
             Father
             .
             18.
             
             Or
             ,
             to
             Communicate
             and
             receive
             the
             Sacrament
             for
             another
             ,
             as
             they
             do
             ;
             19.
             
             Or
             ,
             to
             apply
             the
             virtue
             of
             Christs
             Death
             and
             Passion
             to
             any
             Man
             ,
             by
             the
             means
             of
             the
             Mass
             ;
             20.
             
             Or
             ,
             that
             it
             was
             then
             thought
             a
             sound
             Doctrine
             to
             teach
             the
             People
             ,
             that
             Mass
             ,
             
               ex
               opere
               operato
            
             ,
             (
             that
             is
             ,
             even
             for
             that
             it
             is
             said
             or
             done
             )
             is
             able
             to
             remove
             any
             part
             of
             our
             Sin
             ;
             21.
             
             Or
             ,
             that
             any
             Christian
             Man
             called
             the
             Sacrament
             of
             the
             Lord
             ,
             his
             God
             ;
             22.
             
             Or
             ,
             that
             the
             People
             were
             then
             taught
             to
             believe
             ,
             that
             the
             Body
             of
             Christ
             remaineth
             in
             the
             Sacrament
             as
             long
             as
             the
             Accidents
             of
             Bread
             and
             Wine
             remain
             there
             without
             Corruption
             ;
             23.
             
             Or
             ,
             that
             a
             Mouse
             ,
             or
             any
             Worm
             or
             Beast
             ,
             may
             eat
             the
             Body
             of
             Christ
             ,
             for
             so
             some
             of
             the
             Papists
             
             have
             said
             and
             taught
             ;
             24.
             
             Or
             ,
             that
             when
             Christ
             said
             ,
             
               Hoc
               est
               Corpus
               Meum
            
             ,
             the
             Word
             hoc
             pointed
             not
             the
             Bread
             ,
             but
             
               individuum
               vagum
            
             ,
             as
             some
             of
             them
             say
             ;
             25.
             
             Or
             ,
             that
             the
             Accidents
             ,
             or
             Forms
             ,
             or
             Shews
             of
             the
             Bread
             and
             Wine
             ,
             be
             the
             Sacraments
             of
             Christ's
             Body
             and
             Blood
             ,
             and
             not
             rather
             the
             very
             Bread
             and
             Wine
             it self
             ;
             26.
             
             Or
             ,
             that
             the
             Sacrament
             is
             a
             Sign
             or
             Token
             of
             the
             Body
             of
             Christ
             that
             lieth
             hidden
             under
             it
             ;
             27.
             
             Or
             ,
             that
             Ignorance
             is
             the
             Mother
             and
             cause
             of
             true
             Devotion
             :
             Which
             if
             they
             did
             ,
             he
             would
             be
             willing
             to
             yield
             and
             submit
             himself
             to
             whatsoever
             they
             should
             impose
             .
          
           The
           Papists
           ,
           both
           at
           home
           and
           abroad
           ,
           were
           extreamly
           startled
           at
           this
           Challenge
           ,
           that
           was
           made
           in
           so
           publick
           a
           place
           ,
           and
           so
           great
           an
           Auditory
           ,
           and
           none
           of
           them
           durst
           enter
           into
           the
           Lists
           against
           him
           ;
           but
           only
           at
           a
           distance
           let
           fly
           some
           small
           Crackers
           at
           him
           ,
           which
           vanished
           immediately
           into
           Smoak
           ;
           until
           at
           length
           ,
           his
           old
           Acquaintance
           and
           School-Fellow
           ,
           
             Doctor
             Harding
          
           ,
           one
           of
           the
           most
           Learned
           Divines
           amongst
           the
           Catholicks
           ,
           took
           up
           the
           Cudgels
           against
           him
           ;
           but
           was
           
           so
           baffled
           by
           the
           Bishop
           ,
           that
           the
           Papists
           themselves
           acknowledged
           ,
           that
           they
           had
           not
           a
           Champion
           that
           could
           Oppose
           him
           .
        
         
           During
           these
           Occurrences
           ,
           St.
           Paul's
           Steeple
           being
           burnt
           ,
           and
           the
           whole
           Church
           having
           received
           extraordinary
           dammage
           ,
           through
           the
           negligence
           of
           a
           Plummer
           ,
           the
           Queen
           not
           only
           contributed
           very
           largely
           her self
           towards
           it's
           Reparation
           ,
           but
           likewise
           took
           care
           that
           a
           Benevolence
           should
           be
           raised
           for
           the
           Compleating
           and
           bringing
           it
           to
           it
           's
           former
           Lustre
           and
           Greatness
           .
           Which
           Example
           and
           Zeal
           so
           encouraged
           the
           Clergy
           ,
           both
           of
           the
           Province
           of
           Canterbury
           and
           
             Diocess
             of
             London
          
           ,
           that
           the
           former
           contributed
           the
           fortieth
           part
           of
           their
           Benefices
           ,
           and
           the
           later
           the
           thirtieth
           part
           of
           the
           Livings
           that
           were
           liable
           to
           the
           Benevolence
           ,
           and
           the
           twentieth
           part
           of
           those
           that
           were
           not
           .
           By
           which
           means
           that
           Work
           was
           so
           hastned
           and
           furthered
           ,
           that
           in
           a
           short
           time
           it
           was
           compleated
           and
           finished
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           great
           Preparations
           were
           making
           for
           the
           opening
           and
           holding
           of
           the
           Council
           of
           Trent
           ,
           to
           which
           the
           Pope
           endeavoured
           to
           procure
           ,
           that
           Divines
           
           might
           be
           sent
           from
           England
           .
           To
           which
           end
           he
           dispatched
           to
           the
           Queen
           a
           Nuncio
           ;
           who
           being
           come
           into
           the
           
             Low
             Countries
          
           ,
           stayed
           there
           in
           hopes
           of
           procuring
           leave
           to
           be
           admitted
           into
           England
           ;
           for
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           provided
           by
           an
           ancient
           Statute
           ,
           that
           the
           
             Pope's
             Nuncio
          
           should
           not
           come
           into
           this
           Realm
           ,
           without
           Leave
           first
           obtained
           .
           But
           ,
           the
           Queen
           ,
           having
           absolutely
           refused
           to
           admit
           the
           Nuncio
           ,
           most
           of
           the
           Princes
           of
           Christendom
           endeavoured
           to
           perswade
           her
           by
           then
           Letters
           ,
           to
           refer
           her self
           in
           matters
           of
           Religion
           ,
           to
           the
           Occumenical
           Council
           of
           Trent
           .
           Whereto
           she
           made
           Answer
           ,
           That
           she
           was
           very
           desirous
           of
           an
           Occumenical
           Council
           ,
           but
           she
           would
           not
           send
           Deputies
           to
           a
           Popish
           Council
           ;
           that
           she
           had
           nothing
           to
           do
           with
           the
           
             Bishop
             of
             Rome
          
           ,
           whose
           Authority
           was
           expelled
           England
           by
           Act
           of
           Parliament
           ;
           and
           that
           it
           did
           not
           belong
           to
           the
           Pope
           ,
           but
           to
           the
           Emperour
           ,
           to
           call
           Councils
           ;
           nor
           could
           ,
           nor
           would
           she
           acknowledge
           any
           greater
           Authority
           in
           him
           ,
           than
           in
           any
           other
           Bishop
           .
        
         
           Much
           about
           this
           time
           ,
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           ,
           being
           sollicited
           by
           the
           Popish
           Party
           ,
           
           to
           return
           into
           that
           Kingdom
           ,
           and
           being
           grown
           weary
           of
           France
           ,
           since
           the
           Death
           of
           the
           late
           King
           ,
           her
           Husband
           ,
           she
           caused
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           to
           be
           desired
           to
           grant
           her
           free
           passage
           thither
           ,
           pretending
           that
           she
           could
           not
           ratifie
           the
           Treaty
           of
           Edinborough
           ,
           without
           the
           Advice
           of
           the
           Nobility
           of
           Scotland
           .
           But
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           ,
           suspecting
           that
           some
           dangerous
           Practises
           were
           contriving
           against
           England
           ;
           for
           the
           preventing
           them
           ,
           not
           only
           thought
           fit
           to
           deny
           her
           her
           Request
           ,
           but
           to
           send
           Sir
           
             Thomas
             Randolph
          
           into
           Scotland
           ,
           to
           exhort
           the
           Nobility
           to
           mutual
           Amity
           ,
           and
           to
           keep
           firm
           to
           the
           Promises
           he
           had
           made
           her
           ;
           and
           he
           found
           them
           and
           the
           Congregation
           so
           well
           resolved
           to
           adhere
           to
           her
           ,
           that
           she
           was
           under
           no
           Apprehensions
           from
           the
           Scottish
           Queen
           ,
           or
           her
           Party
           .
           However
           ,
           it
           was
           judged
           safe
           to
           intercept
           her
           ,
           if
           possible
           ,
           in
           her
           passage
           thither
           ;
           To
           which
           end
           ,
           a
           Squadron
           of
           Men
           of
           War
           was
           fitted
           out
           ,
           though
           under
           other
           Pretexts
           ;
           yet
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           her self
           ,
           by
           the
           favour
           of
           a
           great
           Fog
           ,
           escaped
           unperceived
           by
           the
           English
           ,
           and
           landed
           safe
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           though
           some
           of
           the
           Ships
           that
           attended
           her
           in
           that
           Voyage
           ,
           
           were
           taken
           ,
           and
           brought
           into
           England
           .
           That
           Queen
           ,
           being
           now
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           sends
           an
           Envoy
           ,
           with
           Letters
           to
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ,
           wherein
           she
           expressed
           a
           great
           deal
           of
           Love
           and
           Kindness
           to
           her
           ,
           as
           her
           dearest
           Friend
           and
           Sister
           ,
           and
           desired
           that
           all
           true
           and
           sincere
           Friendship
           and
           Correspondence
           might
           be
           maintained
           between
           them
           ;
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ,
           receiving
           Letters
           at
           the
           same
           time
           ,
           to
           the
           same
           effect
           ,
           from
           most
           of
           the
           Nobility
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           .
           But
           this
           was
           not
           the
           whole
           Errand
           of
           this
           Envoy
           ,
           for
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           did
           likewise
           by
           him
           demand
           to
           be
           declared
           Heir
           Apparent
           to
           this
           Kingdom
           ,
           as
           being
           ,
           she
           said
           ,
           the
           surest
           way
           to
           continue
           Amity
           and
           Friendship
           between
           the
           two
           Crowns
           .
           Whereto
           the
           Queen
           could
           not
           be
           prevailed
           with
           to
           make
           any
           other
           Answer
           ,
           than
           that
           she
           would
           do
           nothing
           to
           the
           Prejudice
           of
           her
           Cousin
           of
           Scotland's
           Title
           ,
           leaving
           the
           rest
           to
           be
           considered
           of
           at
           a
           Personal
           Conference
           that
           was
           to
           be
           held
           at
           York
           shortly
           after
           ;
           which
           Interview
           was
           however
           broken
           off
           by
           Popish
           Contrivances
           ,
           lest
           it
           might
           be
           a
           means
           towards
           the
           creating
           in
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           an
           inclination
           to
           the
           Reformed
           Religion
           .
        
         
         
           And
           now
           finding
           ,
           that
           tho'
           she
           had
           made
           all
           the
           fair
           offers
           imaginable
           to
           the
           Spaniard
           ,
           and
           treated
           the
           Guises
           with
           all
           possible
           Kindness
           and
           Honour
           ;
           yet
           her
           Ministers
           at
           the
           Courts
           of
           Spain
           and
           France
           ,
           instead
           of
           meeting
           with
           fair
           Returns
           and
           Civilities
           ,
           received
           affronts
           upon
           all
           Occasions
           ;
           wherefore
           ,
           though
           she
           had
           found
           her
           Treasure
           all
           exhausted
           ,
           yet
           she
           began
           to
           make
           all
           imaginable
           Warlike
           preparations
           ,
           for
           the
           security
           of
           her self
           and
           Subjects
           .
           And
           ,
           amongst
           other
           her
           Provisions
           for
           that
           purpose
           ,
           having
           caused
           a
           many
           Pieces
           of
           great
           Ordnance
           of
           Iron
           and
           Brass
           to
           be
           cast
           ,
           God
           favouring
           all
           she
           undertook
           ,
           caused
           a
           most
           rich
           Vein
           of
           rich
           and
           Native
           Brass
           to
           be
           discovered
           at
           the
           same
           time
           ;
           as
           was
           likewise
           the
           Stone
           called
           
             Lapis
             Calaminaris
          
           first
           found
           out
           in
           England
           ,
           being
           very
           necessary
           for
           Brass
           Works
           .
           Her
           Majesty
           caused
           likewise
           Gun-powder
           to
           be
           made
           here
           at
           home
           ,
           being
           the
           first
           that
           had
           been
           made
           in
           England
           the
           English
           before
           having
           been
           obliged
           to
           beg
           hard
           ,
           and
           pay
           dear
           for
           it
           to
           Foreigners
           ▪
           She
           also
           caused
           the
           several
           Garisons
           belonging
           to
           the
           Kingdom
           to
           be
           better
           strengthened
           with
           new
           Works
           ,
           
           Men
           ,
           and
           Fortifications
           .
           She
           likewise
           increased
           the
           Pay
           of
           the
           Souldiers
           ,
           and
           took
           Care
           to
           provide
           for
           those
           that
           had
           been
           maimed
           in
           the
           Service
           of
           the
           Land.
           She
           added
           to
           ,
           and
           provided
           her
           Fleet
           with
           all
           manner
           of
           Necessaries
           ,
           making
           it
           the
           best
           Navy
           that
           ever
           belonged
           to
           Brittain
           ;
           insomuch
           ,
           that
           all
           Foreigners
           did
           truly
           term
           her
           ,
           
             The
             Restorer
             of
             the
             Glory
             of
             Shipping
             ,
             and
             the
             Queen
             of
             the
             North
             Sea.
          
           She
           caused
           all
           manner
           of
           People
           to
           furnish
           themselves
           with
           Arms
           ,
           and
           to
           use
           Martial
           Discipline
           and
           Exercise
           .
           She
           gave
           all
           manner
           of
           Encouragement
           to
           Husbandry
           and
           Tillage
           ,
           by
           permitting
           the
           Transportation
           of
           Grain
           .
           And
           by
           a
           Proclamation
           she
           prohibited
           the
           Merchants
           from
           supplying
           the
           Emperour
           of
           Russia
           with
           Ammunition
           against
           the
           Polander●
           ;
           and
           caused
           the
           Officers
           of
           her
           Exchequer
           to
           pay
           duely
           the
           Pensions
           to
           such
           Religious
           Men
           as
           had
           been
           cast
           out
           of
           Abbeys
           .
           She
           revoked
           the
           Commissions
           of
           the
           Purveyors
           both
           for
           the
           Garrisons
           and
           Fleet
           ;
           and
           designed
           to
           have
           done
           the
           same
           with
           those
           of
           her
           Household
           .
           She
           augmented
           the
           Stipends
           of
           the
           Judges
           :
           And
           though
           she
           was
           extreamly
           
           liberal
           and
           bountiful
           to
           desert
           ,
           yet
           she
           took
           Care
           not
           to
           alienate
           the
           Domain
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           the
           Civil
           War
           broke
           forth
           in
           France
           ;
           the
           Faction
           and
           Family
           of
           the
           Guises
           aiming
           at
           that
           Crown
           ,
           they
           were
           sensible
           ,
           that
           they
           should
           never
           compass
           their
           Designs
           ▪
           as
           long
           as
           the
           Hugonots
           were
           in
           Being
           :
           wherefore
           ,
           they
           used
           all
           manner
           of
           means
           to
           extirpate
           those
           Protestants
           ;
           insomuch
           ,
           that
           they
           were
           forced
           to
           take
           Arms
           ,
           both
           in
           Defence
           of
           their
           Sovereign
           and
           themselves
           .
           Now
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ,
           well
           knowing
           the
           Practises
           of
           the
           House
           of
           Guise
           ,
           to
           advance
           the
           Interests
           and
           Pretensions
           of
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           ,
           she
           supplyed
           the
           Protestants
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           ,
           with
           Money
           ,
           Corn
           and
           Ammunition
           ,
           for
           the
           Service
           of
           the
           French
           King
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           defending
           the
           Protestant
           Religion
           ,
           and
           hindring
           the
           Dukedom
           of
           Normandy
           from
           being
           possessed
           by
           the
           Guises
           ,
           who
           might
           ,
           from
           thence
           ,
           with
           more
           Ease
           ,
           have
           executed
           their
           Designs
           upon
           England
           .
           She
           obliged
           her self
           ,
           to
           aid
           the
           Prince
           of
           Conde
           and
           his
           Associates
           ,
           who
           headed
           the
           Protestants
           ,
           with
           her
           Forces
           both
           by
           Land
           and
           Sea
           ,
           
           for
           the
           taking
           in
           of
           such
           Castles
           ,
           Towns
           ,
           and
           Ports
           ,
           as
           were
           possessed
           by
           the
           Faction
           of
           the
           House
           of
           Guise
           ;
           the
           Prince
           of
           Conde
           ,
           and
           his
           Party
           ,
           being
           bound
           not
           to
           come
           to
           any
           Terms
           of
           Peace
           with
           their
           Enemies
           ,
           without
           the
           Privity
           and
           Approbation
           of
           the
           Queen
           ;
           and
           ,
           that
           for
           the
           Security
           of
           the
           Moneys
           and
           Forces
           that
           her
           Majesty
           should
           supply
           them
           with
           ;
           they
           should
           put
           into
           her
           hands
           ,
           the
           Town
           and
           Port
           of
           
             New
             Haven
          
           ,
           or
           
             Havre
             de
             Grace
          
           ,
           to
           be
           garrisoned
           by
           English
           Souldiers
           ,
           and
           commanded
           by
           any
           Person
           of
           Quality
           ,
           her
           Majesty
           should
           authorize
           .
           Presently
           after
           the
           Conclusion
           of
           this
           Agreement
           ,
           she
           caused
           a
           Manifest
           to
           be
           published
           ;
           in
           which
           she
           declared
           ,
           how
           that
           having
           preferred
           the
           Peace
           of
           Christendom
           before
           her
           particular
           Interests
           ,
           she
           had
           relinquished
           her
           Claim
           to
           the
           Town
           of
           Calais
           for
           the
           term
           of
           eight
           years
           ;
           when
           as
           all
           other
           Princes
           were
           restored
           to
           their
           lost
           Estates
           by
           that
           Treaty
           ;
           that
           for
           the
           same
           Reasons
           she
           had
           preserved
           the
           Scots
           from
           being
           made
           Vassals
           to
           the
           French
           ,
           without
           retaining
           any
           part
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           in
           her
           own
           Possession
           ,
           after
           the
           Service
           was
           performed
           :
           that
           with
           the
           
           like
           sence
           of
           Commiseration
           ,
           she
           had
           taken
           notice
           how
           much
           the
           Queen
           Mother
           of
           France
           and
           the
           young
           King
           were
           awed
           and
           shackled
           by
           the
           Guisian
           Faction
           ;
           who
           in
           their
           Name
           ,
           and
           under
           the
           Pretext
           of
           their
           Authority
           ,
           endeavoured
           to
           extirpate
           the
           Professors
           of
           the
           Reformed
           Religion
           ;
           In
           pursuance
           of
           which
           Design
           ,
           those
           bloody
           minded
           Papists
           had
           ,
           in
           less
           than
           five
           Months
           time
           ,
           caused
           above
           an
           hundred
           thousand
           
             French
             Hugonots
          
           to
           be
           massacred
           and
           butchered
           ;
           that
           with
           the
           like
           Injustice
           and
           Violence
           they
           treated
           such
           of
           her
           Majesties
           Subjects
           ,
           as
           traded
           into
           the
           Ports
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           ,
           causing
           their
           Goods
           and
           Merchandize
           to
           be
           seized
           ,
           themselves
           imprisoned
           ,
           and
           barbarously
           murdered
           ,
           and
           for
           no
           other
           Crime
           ,
           than
           that
           they
           were
           Protestants
           ;
           and
           therefore
           ,
           in
           consideration
           of
           what
           's
           aforesaid
           ,
           Her
           Majesty
           thought
           her self
           obliged
           to
           endeavour
           the
           rescuing
           the
           French
           King
           and
           his
           Mother
           out
           of
           the
           hands
           of
           so
           dangerous
           a
           Faction
           ,
           by
           aiding
           such
           of
           the
           French
           Subjects
           ,
           as
           preferred
           the
           Service
           of
           their
           Sovereign
           ,
           and
           the
           good
           of
           their
           Countrey
           ,
           before
           all
           other
           respects
           whatsoever
           ,
           for
           
           preserving
           the
           Reformed
           Religion
           from
           an
           Universal
           Destruction
           ,
           and
           the
           maintaining
           her
           own
           Subjects
           and
           Dominions
           in
           Peace
           and
           Safety
           .
        
         
           She
           not
           only
           published
           this
           Manifesto
           ,
           to
           acquaint
           the
           whole
           World
           with
           the
           reasons
           of
           her
           taking
           up
           Arms
           on
           this
           Occasion
           ,
           but
           she
           also
           commanded
           her
           Ambassadour
           to
           give
           a
           more
           particular
           Account
           of
           it
           to
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           ,
           whom
           she
           looked
           upon
           as
           the
           Principal
           Patron
           of
           the
           Guisian
           League
           .
           She
           likewise
           caused
           her
           Ministers
           and
           Agents
           with
           the
           Princes
           of
           Germany
           to
           sollicit
           them
           to
           aid
           and
           assist
           their
           Brother
           Protestants
           .
           And
           then
           she
           her self
           fell
           to
           supplying
           the
           Hugonots
           with
           all
           things
           necessary
           to
           a
           War
           ,
           sending
           them
           Ships
           ,
           Arms
           ,
           and
           Men
           ,
           both
           for
           the
           scowring
           the
           Seas
           ,
           and
           securing
           the
           Land.
           The
           Forces
           she
           sent
           amounting
           to
           6000
           Men
           ,
           under
           the
           Command
           of
           the
           Lord
           
             Ambrose
             Dudley
          
           ,
           the
           Eldest
           Son
           then
           living
           of
           the
           late
           Duke
           of
           Northunberland
           .
        
         
           The
           Papists
           ,
           apprehending
           that
           the
           Queen
           by
           these
           Courses
           would
           lay
           the
           axe
           to
           the
           Root
           of
           their
           Religion
           ,
           laid
           a
           Conspiracy
           against
           her
           Life
           ,
           for
           which
           the
           
           Countess
           of
           Lenox
           ,
           Grand
           daughter
           to
           Henry
           the
           Seventh
           ,
           by
           his
           eldest
           daughter
           Margaret
           Queen
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           was
           confined
           with
           the
           Earl
           her
           Husband
           to
           her
           House
           :
           and
           
             Arthur
             Pole
          
           ,
           Grand-child
           of
           Margaret
           Countess
           of
           Salisbury
           ,
           by
           Geofry
           her
           third
           Son
           ,
           the
           younger
           Brother
           unto
           
             Reginald
             Pole
          
           ,
           the
           late
           
             Cardinal
             Legate
          
           ,
           was
           Apprehended
           and
           Arraigned
           ,
           as
           also
           his
           Brother
           in
           Law
           
             Geofry
             Fortescue
          
           ,
           and
           were
           condemned
           to
           die
           ,
           but
           confessing
           the
           Conspiracy
           and
           being
           of
           the
           Blood
           Royal
           ,
           they
           were
           reprieved
           by
           the
           Queen
           .
           The
           Lady
           
             Katherine
             Grey
          
           ,
           Daughter
           to
           the
           
             Duke
             of
             Suffolk
          
           ,
           and
           Grand
           Daughter
           to
           another
           Sister
           of
           
             King
             Henry
          
           the
           Eighth
           ,
           was
           sent
           to
           the
           Tower
           ,
           with
           her
           Husband
           the
           Earl
           of
           Hertford
           ,
           for
           marrying
           without
           the
           Queens
           Consent
           ,
           and
           were
           detained
           there
           several
           Years
           ,
           and
           their
           Marriage
           declared
           by
           the
           Archbishop
           of
           
             Canterbury
             ,
             to
             be
             an
             undue
             and
             unlawful
             Carnal
             Copulation
             with
             her
             ,
             and
             that
             for
             such
             their
             Excess
             ,
             both
             he
             and
             she
             to
             be
             punished
             .
          
           About
           the
           same
           time
           was
           Published
           an
           Elegant
           and
           Acute
           Discourse
           ,
           called
           ,
           
             The
             Apology
             of
             the
             Church
             of
          
           England
           ,
           written
           Originally
           in
           Latin
           ,
           by
           the
           truly
           Learned
           
           
             Bishop
             Jewel
          
           ,
           and
           Translated
           immediately
           into
           
             English
             ,
             Dutch
             ,
             Italian
             ,
             Spanish
             ,
             French
             ,
          
           and
           Greek
           ,
           and
           was
           highly
           approved
           of
           by
           all
           Pious
           ,
           Learned
           ,
           and
           Judicious
           Men.
           
        
         
           Now
           the
           Practices
           of
           the
           Papists
           ,
           and
           the
           danger
           the
           Queen
           and
           State
           were
           in
           ,
           by
           their
           means
           obliged
           the
           Queen
           to
           call
           a
           Parliament
           ,
           which
           being
           Assembled
           at
           Westminster
           ,
           the
           first
           Act
           that
           passed
           was
           ,
           
             for
             assurance
             of
             the
             Queens
             Royal
             Power
             over
             all
             Estates
             and
             Subjects
             within
             our
             Dominions
             :
          
           And
           Enacted
           ,
           that
           the
           Oath
           of
           Supremacy
           should
           be
           Administred
           unto
           all
           Persons
           ,
           for
           the
           better
           discovery
           of
           such
           as
           were
           Popishly
           affected
           ;
           several
           of
           that
           Party
           having
           lately
           busy'd
           themselves
           by
           inquiring
           into
           the
           length
           and
           shortness
           of
           her
           Majesties
           Life
           ,
           by
           Conjurations
           and
           other
           Diabolical
           Arts
           ,
           and
           thereupon
           had
           caused
           some
           dark
           and
           doubtful
           Prophecies
           to
           be
           spread
           abroad
           ;
           for
           which
           reason
           there
           passed
           two
           other
           Statutes
           for
           suppressing
           the
           like
           dangerous
           Practices
           ,
           by
           which
           her
           Majesties
           Person
           might
           be
           endangered
           ,
           the
           People
           stirred
           up
           to
           Rebellion
           ,
           or
           the
           Peace
           disturbed
           .
           By
           which
           ,
           and
           other
           Acts
           for
           the
           strengthning
           of
           the
           
           Navy
           ,
           and
           the
           continual
           breeding
           of
           a
           Seminary
           of
           expert
           Mariners
           ,
           the
           Queen
           was
           so
           well
           provided
           and
           secured
           against
           the
           Machinations
           and
           Conspiracies
           of
           the
           Pope
           and
           his
           Adherents
           ,
           as
           to
           lie
           under
           no
           apprehensions
           of
           their
           bloody
           rage
           and
           malice
           .
        
         
           During
           this
           Session
           of
           Parliament
           ,
           it
           was
           declared
           by
           the
           Bishops
           and
           Clergy
           ,
           then
           Assembled
           in
           their
           Convocation
           ,
           
             To
             be
             a
             thing
             plainly
             repugnant
             to
             the
             Word
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             the
             Custom
             of
             the
             Primitive
             Church
             ,
             to
             have
             publick
             Prayer
             in
             the
             Church
             ,
             or
             to
             Administer
             the
             Sacraments
             in
             a
             Tongue
             not
             understood
             by
             the
             People
             .
          
           To
           confirm
           which
           Declaration
           ,
           it
           was
           Enacted
           .
           
             That
             the
             Bishops
             of
          
           Hereford
           ,
           St.
           Davids
           ,
           Bangor
           ,
           Llandaff
           ,
           
             and
             St.
          
           Asaph
           ,
           
             should
             take
             care
             amongst
             them
             for
             Translating
             the
             whole
          
           Bible
           ,
           
             with
             the
          
           Common
           Prayer
           Book
           ,
           
             into
             the
          
           Welch
           ,
           or
           Brittish
           
             Tongue
             ,
             on
             pain
             of
             forfeiting
             Forty
             Pound
             apiece
             in
             default
             thereof
             .
             And
             to
             encourage
             them
             thereunto
             ▪
             it
             was
             ordered
             ,
             that
             one
             Book
             of
             either
             sort
             being
             so
             Translated
             and
             Imprinted
             ,
             should
             be
             provided
             and
             brought
             to
             euery
             Cathedral
             or
             Parish
             Church
             ,
             as
             also
             for
             all
             Parish
             Churches
             ,
             and
             Chappels
             of
             ease
             ,
             where
             the
          
           
           
             said
             Tongue
             is
             commonly
             used
             ,
             the
             Minister
             to
             pay
             one
             half
             the
             Price
             ,
             and
             the
             Parishioners
             the
             other
             .
          
           Care
           was
           likewise
           taken
           for
           the
           Translating
           the
           Book
           of
           Homilies
           ,
           being
           looked
           upon
           as
           a
           necessary
           part
           of
           the
           publick
           Liturgy
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           Rubrick
           at
           the
           end
           of
           the
           Nicene
           Creed
           .
           This
           Parliament
           likewise
           congratulated
           her
           Majesty
           for
           the
           happiness
           of
           the
           Times
           ,
           for
           Religion
           Reformed
           ,
           Peace
           restored
           ,
           England
           with
           Scotland
           freed
           from
           the
           Foreign
           Enemy
           ,
           Mony
           refined
           ,
           the
           Navy
           strengthned
           ,
           Warlike
           Ammunition
           provided
           both
           for
           Sea
           and
           Land
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           Laudable
           Enterprize
           in
           France
           ,
           for
           the
           securing
           of
           England
           ,
           and
           of
           the
           young
           
             French
             King
          
           ,
           and
           the
           recovering
           of
           Calice
           ,
           they
           granted
           the
           Clergy
           one
           Subsidy
           and
           the
           Laity
           another
           ,
           with
           two
           Fifteens
           and
           Tenths
           .
        
         
           During
           these
           Occurrences
           at
           home
           ,
           the
           Prince
           of
           Conde
           was
           intercepted
           ,
           and
           taken
           Prisoner
           in
           that
           memorable
           Battel
           of
           Dreux
           ,
           as
           was
           likewise
           Sir
           
             Nicholas
             Throgmorton
          
           ,
           who
           shortly
           after
           paying
           his
           Ransome
           ,
           was
           set
           at
           Liberty
           .
           But
           the
           
             Admiral
             Chastillon
          
           ,
           Commanding
           both
           the
           English
           and
           French
           Forces
           ,
           had
           beetter
           Success
           ,
           by
           
           taking
           in
           of
           Caen
           and
           other
           considerable
           Places
           :
           which
           so
           startled
           those
           of
           the
           Guisian
           Faction
           ,
           that
           they
           agreed
           unto
           an
           Edict
           of
           Pacification
           ,
           by
           which
           the
           
             French
             Princes
          
           were
           restored
           to
           their
           Kings
           favour
           ,
           Conde
           lured
           with
           hopes
           of
           the
           Lieutenancy
           General
           of
           France
           ,
           and
           a
           Marriage
           with
           the
           
             Queen
             of
             Scots
          
           ,
           the
           Hugonots
           allowed
           the
           free
           exercise
           of
           their
           Religion
           ,
           and
           all
           things
           setled
           for
           the
           present
           to
           their
           full
           satisfaction
           .
           And
           having
           thus
           agreed
           among
           themselves
           ,
           and
           treacherously
           abandoned
           the
           English
           ,
           they
           join
           their
           Forces
           ,
           and
           contrive
           how
           to
           drive
           them
           out
           of
           New-haven
           in
           case
           they
           would
           not
           evacuate
           it
           upon
           demand
           .
           Now
           sometime
           before
           this
           agreement
           ,
           the
           Hostages
           for
           Calice
           endeavoured
           to
           make
           their
           escape
           ,
           with
           Ribald
           ,
           a
           Famous
           Pilot
           ,
           who
           had
           been
           sent
           secretly
           into
           England
           for
           that
           purpose
           ,
           but
           were
           discovered
           ,
           and
           seized
           just
           as
           they
           were
           ready
           to
           take
           shipping
           .
           The
           Queen
           having
           secret
           notice
           of
           the
           French
           designs
           upon
           New-haven
           ,
           offered
           to
           exchange
           it
           for
           Calice
           .
           Which
           being
           refused
           ,
           War
           was
           Proclaimed
           on
           both
           sides
           .
           And
           such
           an
           extraordinary
           great
           Fleet
           of
           the
           English
           
           scoured
           the
           Seas
           ,
           as
           not
           only
           shut
           up
           the
           French
           in
           their
           Havens
           ,
           but
           the
           Spaniards
           likewise
           ;
           and
           their
           Pyracies
           upon
           them
           being
           very
           great
           ,
           the
           Queen
           caused
           her
           Ambassadour
           to
           make
           Excuses
           at
           the
           Court
           of
           Spain
           ,
           and
           restrained
           them
           by
           Proclamation
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           New-haven
           being
           close
           Besieged
           ,
           and
           hard
           pressed
           by
           the
           French
           ,
           and
           the
           Pestilence
           raging
           horribly
           in
           the
           Town
           ,
           the
           English
           were
           forced
           to
           capitulate
           ,
           and
           render
           up
           that
           Place
           ,
           hoping
           that
           by
           leaving
           it
           they
           should
           escape
           the
           Plague
           ;
           but
           instead
           thereof
           ,
           they
           brought
           it
           with
           them
           into
           England
           ,
           where
           it
           sorely
           afflicted
           the
           whole
           Kingdom
           ,
           and
           especially
           the
           City
           of
           London
           ,
           where
           there
           dyed
           of
           it
           Twenty
           one
           Thousand
           one
           Hundred
           and
           thirty
           Persons
           .
        
         
           The
           Fathers
           at
           Trent
           were
           very
           much
           displeased
           with
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           ,
           both
           for
           assisting
           the
           
             French
             Hugonots
          
           against
           their
           King
           ,
           and
           passing
           the
           Statute
           for
           Punishing
           all
           those
           who
           countenanced
           and
           maintained
           the
           Popes
           Authority
           within
           her
           Dominions
           ▪
           
           which
           so
           incensed
           the
           Pope
           ,
           that
           he
           sent
           a
           Commission
           to
           those
           Fathers
           ,
           to
           proceed
           to
           an
           Excommunication
           of
           the
           Queen
           of
           England
           .
           But
           the
           Emperour
           ,
           being
           ,
           by
           his
           Ministers
           ,
           sed
           with
           hopes
           of
           a
           Marriage
           betwixt
           the
           Queen
           and
           his
           Son
           the
           Arch-Duke
           Charles
           ;
           he
           ,
           by
           Letters
           to
           the
           Pope
           and
           his
           Legates
           ,
           disswaded
           them
           from
           proceeding
           to
           such
           Extremities
           ,
           and
           caused
           the
           Pope
           to
           revoke
           the
           Commission
           he
           had
           sent
           to
           his
           Legates
           in
           Trent
           .
           Shortly
           after
           which
           ,
           that
           Council
           broke
           up
           ;
           but
           were
           so
           far
           from
           having
           re-united
           the
           Church
           ,
           that
           on
           the
           contrary
           ,
           the
           Breach
           was
           become
           greater
           ,
           and
           the
           Discords
           inreconcilable
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           the
           Cardinal
           of
           Lorrain
           ,
           fearing
           ,
           without
           any
           Reason
           ,
           a
           Match
           between
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           and
           Charles
           of
           Austria
           ;
           to
           divert
           it
           ,
           proposeth
           the
           said
           Charles
           for
           a
           Husband
           to
           his
           Neece
           ,
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           ;
           who
           ,
           imparting
           this
           Business
           to
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ,
           she
           advised
           her
           to
           marry
           ,
           but
           not
           the
           Arch-Duke
           ;
           and
           recommended
           to
           her
           ,
           for
           a
           Husband
           ,
           
             Robert
             Dudley
          
           ,
           and
           promised
           her
           ,
           That
           if
           she
           would
           marry
           him
           ,
           
             She
             should
             ,
             by
             Authority
             of
             Parliament
             ,
             be
          
           
           
             declared
             her
             Sister
             ,
             or
             Daughter
             ,
             and
             Heir
             of
          
           England
           ,
           
             in
             case
             she
             should
             dye●
             without
             Issue
             .
          
           But
           ,
           assoon
           as
           the
           
             Queen
             Mother
          
           and
           her
           Uncles
           in
           France
           had
           notice
           hereof
           ,
           they
           disswaded
           her
           from
           it
           ;
           promising
           ,
           if
           she
           would
           reject
           it
           ,
           and
           persist
           in
           the
           French
           Amity
           ,
           they
           would
           pay
           her
           her
           Dowry
           Money
           :
           and
           lured
           the
           Scots
           with
           hopes
           of
           confirming
           their
           ancient
           Liberties
           ,
           and
           granting
           them
           new
           ones
           .
           And
           though
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           took
           all
           imaginable
           Care
           to
           gain
           the
           Love
           of
           her
           Subjects
           ,
           and
           keep
           them
           at
           Peace
           ,
           yet
           they
           insulted
           her
           frequently
           ;
           nor
           was
           she
           able
           to
           suppress
           the
           Commotions
           .
        
         
           The
           Spaniard
           now
           grew
           daily
           more
           enraged
           against
           the
           English
           ,
           for
           that
           his
           Ambassador
           here
           had
           been
           confined
           to
           his
           House
           ,
           and
           subjected
           to
           Examinations
           and
           publick
           Reprehensions
           ,
           for
           that
           the
           English
           Privateers
           had
           invested
           the
           French
           upon
           the
           Coast
           of
           Spain
           ,
           and
           intended
           to
           set
           forth
           a
           Voyage
           to
           the
           
             West
             Indies
          
           .
           And
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           manifested
           his
           Displeasure
           ,
           by
           causing
           Proclamation
           to
           be
           made
           in
           Antwerp
           ,
           and
           other
           places
           ,
           though
           under
           Pretext
           of
           the
           
           Pestilence
           being
           in
           England
           ,
           that
           no
           English
           Ship
           ,
           with
           Cloaths
           ,
           should
           come
           into
           any
           part
           of
           the
           Low
           Countries
           ;
           causing
           the
           Goods
           of
           English
           men
           to
           be
           confiscated
           upon
           very
           light
           Causes
           :
           and
           ,
           by
           new
           Edicts
           ,
           certain
           Merchandise
           were
           forbidden
           to
           be
           transported
           ,
           the
           Passage
           through
           the
           Low
           Country
           Provinces
           with
           Horses
           ,
           Salt
           Peter
           ,
           and
           Gunpowder
           ,
           out
           of
           Germany
           and
           Italy
           ,
           was
           forbidden
           .
           Whereupon
           ,
           and
           at
           the
           earnest
           Suit
           of
           the
           Merchant-Adventurers
           ,
           the
           Queen
           prohibited
           the
           Transporting
           of
           Wool
           unwrought
           ;
           and
           the
           Mart
           or
           Staple
           of
           Cloaths
           ,
           or
           English
           Merchandizes
           ,
           was
           removed
           to
           Emden
           ,
           upon
           the
           River
           Ems
           in
           Friezland
           .
        
         
           The
           Apprehension
           that
           these
           and
           other
           Circumstances
           gave
           the
           Queen
           of
           the
           Councils
           of
           Spain
           ,
           made
           her
           the
           more
           willingly
           hearken
           to
           a
           Peace
           with
           France
           ,
           which
           was
           concluded
           upon
           these
           Terms
           ,
           which
           were
           as
           advantageous
           as
           the
           Juncture
           would
           afford
           .
           
             That
             neither
             Party
             should
             invade
             the
             other
             .
             The
             one
             shall
             not
             aid
             any
             that
             invade
             the
             other
             .
             Private
             Mens
             Facts
             
             shall
             bind
             themselves
             only
             .
             Commerce
             shall
             be
             free
             .
             Traytors
             and
             Rebels
             shall
             not
             be
             received
             .
             Letters
             of
             Reprisal
             shall
             not
             be
             granted
             .
             Injuries
             shall
             be
             buried
             in
             Oblivion
             .
             Reservation
             of
             Rights
             and
             Titles
             ,
             also
             ,
             Actions
             ,
             Demands
             ,
             and
             Claims
             ,
             which
             they
             have
             ,
             or
             pretend
             to
             have
             one
             against
             the
             other
             respectively
             ,
             shall
             remain
             to
             them
             safe
             and
             whole
             ;
             and
             in
             like
             manner
             ,
             Defences
             and
             Exceptions
             shall
             be
             reserved
             .
             A
             certain
             Sum
             of
             Money
             shall
             be
             repayed
             to
             Queen
             Elizabeth
             ,
             at
             times
             prefixed
             .
             Upon
             the
             Payment
             of
             six
             hundred
             and
             twenty
             thousand
             Crowns
             the
             Hostages
             shall
             be
             delivered
             out
             of
             England
             ;
             and
             Throckmorton
             shall
             return
             free
             into
             his
             Country
             ,
             after
             Confirmation
             of
             the
             League
             .
          
           Which
           Treaty
           being
           ratifyed
           on
           both
           sides
           ,
           the
           French
           King
           was
           invested
           with
           the
           Order
           of
           the
           Garter
           .
        
         
           Being
           now
           at
           Peace
           with
           France
           ,
           and
           in
           fair-seeming
           Terms
           with
           the
           King
           of
           Stain
           ,
           she
           resolved
           to
           take
           the
           Diversion
           of
           a
           Progress
           ;
           in
           the
           Course
           
           of
           which
           she
           made
           a
           visit
           to
           Cambridge
           ,
           where
           she
           was
           received
           with
           all
           the
           Respect
           ,
           Ceremony
           and
           Acclamation
           imaginable
           ,
           and
           to
           her
           own
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           their
           extraordinary
           satisfaction
           ;
           and
           the
           like
           Honour
           she
           did
           to
           Oxford
           ,
           being
           attended
           with
           the
           same
           Circumstances
           .
        
         
           
             Don
             Alvarze
             a
             Quadra
          
           ,
           Bishop
           of
           Aquila
           ,
           and
           Spanish
           Ambassadour
           here
           ,
           a
           Man
           zealously
           addicted
           to
           Popery
           ,
           had
           fed
           the
           Papists
           here
           with
           hopes
           of
           having
           the
           Romish
           Superstitions
           again
           restored
           in
           England
           ,
           and
           had
           been
           a
           Grand
           Promoter
           of
           the
           Distrusts
           and
           Dissatisfactions
           that
           were
           then
           brooding
           between
           the
           two
           Crowns
           ;
           being
           dead
           ,
           he
           was
           succeeded
           by
           
             Don
             Diego
             Gusman
             de
             Sylva
          
           ,
           who
           being
           a
           wise
           Man
           ,
           and
           sensible
           how
           damageable
           the
           Courses
           his
           Predecessors
           had
           taken
           ,
           were
           to
           both
           Parties
           ,
           he
           endeavoured
           to
           heal
           up
           the
           Breaches
           ,
           and
           by
           his
           mediation
           procured
           the
           Commerce
           to
           be
           restored
           ,
           and
           all
           that
           had
           been
           Decreed
           and
           Proclaimed
           on
           both
           sides
           to
           be
           suspended
           .
        
         
           The
           most
           remarkable
           Action
           which
           attended
           the
           Queen's
           return
           from
           Cambridge
           ,
           was
           ,
           the
           preferring
           Sir
           
             Robet
             Dudley
          
           to
           the
           
           Titles
           of
           Lord
           Denbigh
           and
           
             Earl
             of
             Leicester
          
           ;
           she
           having
           before
           made
           him
           Knight
           of
           the
           Garter
           ,
           Master
           of
           the
           Horse
           ,
           and
           Lord
           Chancellour
           of
           the
           University
           of
           Oxford
           ;
           and
           these
           Honours
           were
           conferred
           upon
           him
           for
           the
           better
           qualifying
           him
           to
           be
           Husband
           to
           the
           
             Queen
             of
             Scots
          
           .
           And
           now
           Leicester
           ,
           for
           the
           better
           screwing
           himself
           into
           that
           Queens
           favour
           ,
           immediately
           accused
           to
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           the
           Lord
           
             Keeper
             Bacon
          
           ,
           who
           was
           looked
           upon
           as
           an
           Enemy
           to
           the
           
             Queen
             of
             Scots
          
           ,
           and
           an
           Opposer
           of
           her
           Title
           to
           the
           Succession
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           the
           
             Queen
             of
             Scots
          
           ,
           knowing
           her
           Title
           to
           be
           disputed
           in
           England
           ,
           and
           being
           grown
           jealous
           of
           the
           Practices
           of
           the
           Earl
           of
           Murray
           ,
           her
           Bastard
           Brother
           ,
           and
           others
           at
           home
           ,
           she
           thought
           it
           her
           interest
           to
           recall
           the
           
             Earl
             of
             Lenox
          
           to
           his
           Native
           Countrey
           ,
           from
           whence
           he
           had
           been
           driven
           in
           the
           time
           of
           
             King
             Henry
          
           ;
           by
           whose
           great
           Power
           and
           Influence
           she
           hoped
           to
           ballance
           the
           Authority
           of
           the
           Mutineers
           .
           This
           Lord
           ,
           being
           of
           Royal
           Extraction
           ,
           
             King
             Henry
          
           to
           engage
           him
           the
           more
           in
           his
           Interests
           ,
           had
           given
           him
           in
           Marriage
           
           the
           Lady
           
             Margaret
             Douglas
          
           Daughter
           of
           
             Queen
             Margaret
          
           his
           Eldest
           Sister
           ,
           by
           
             Archibald
             Dowglas
          
           Earl
           of
           Angus
           ,
           lier
           second
           Husband
           ;
           of
           which
           Marriage
           amongst
           others
           ,
           was
           the
           Lord
           Darnly
           .
           Now
           Lenox
           ,
           being
           returned
           into
           Scotland
           ,
           after
           twenty
           Years
           Abode
           in
           England
           ,
           he
           sends
           for
           the
           Lord
           Darnley
           to
           that
           Court.
           Where
           ,
           being
           arrived
           ,
           and
           being
           a
           Person
           Graceful
           ,
           Lovely
           ,
           and
           of
           a
           Gentile
           Carriage
           ,
           and
           not
           yet
           full
           Twenty
           Years
           old
           ;
           he
           quickly
           insinuated
           himself
           into
           that
           Queens
           Affections
           .
           She
           fancied
           she
           had
           now
           met
           with
           a
           Man
           who
           was
           pleasing
           to
           her
           Heart
           ,
           and
           conducible
           to
           her
           Interests
           ,
           for
           that
           both
           their
           Pretensions
           being
           joyned
           together
           ,
           her
           Title
           to
           the
           Crown
           of
           England
           would
           be
           the
           better
           secured
           .
        
         
           Now
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ,
           having
           got
           some
           notice
           of
           this
           Design
           of
           the
           
             Scottish
             Queen
          
           ,
           she
           advised
           her
           to
           think
           of
           some
           other
           Match
           ,
           saying
           ,
           that
           this
           would
           have
           so
           incensed
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           that
           she
           was
           forced
           to
           Prorogue
           them
           ,
           least
           they
           should
           have
           acted
           something
           against
           her
           Title
           to
           the
           Succession
           .
           Wherefore
           ,
           she
           again
           recommended
           unto
           her
           ,
           the
           Earl
           of
           
           Leicester
           ,
           for
           a
           Husband
           ;
           to
           which
           purpose
           ,
           she
           sent
           Commissioners
           to
           Berwick
           ,
           to
           treat
           with
           those
           of
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           ;
           about
           a
           Match
           .
           But
           this
           Queen
           had
           given
           such
           Instructions
           to
           her
           Deputies
           ,
           they
           maintained
           ,
           That
           it
           did
           not
           stand
           with
           the
           Dignity
           of
           their
           Queen
           ,
           to
           enter
           into
           such
           Measures
           ,
           after
           having
           refused
           the
           Offers
           of
           several
           great
           Princes
           of
           Christendom
           .
           Wherefore
           ,
           they
           broke
           up
           ,
           without
           coming
           to
           any
           Conclusion
           ;
           And
           ,
           the
           Queen
           being
           intent
           upon
           her
           Marriage
           with
           the
           Lord
           Darnly
           ,
           it
           was
           at
           length
           consummated
           :
           And
           of
           this
           Marriage
           was
           born
           James
           the
           Sixth
           ,
           in
           the
           Palace
           of
           Edenborough
           ,
           on
           the
           19
           of
           July
           ,
           in
           the
           Year
           1566
           ,
           Solemnly
           crowned
           King
           of
           the
           Scots
           ,
           on
           the
           same
           day
           of
           the
           Month
           ,
           in
           the
           Year
           1567
           ,
           and
           joyfully
           received
           to
           the
           Crown
           of
           England
           ,
           on
           the
           14
           of
           March
           ,
           in
           the
           Year
           1602.
           
        
         
           But
           ,
           not
           only
           the
           English
           ,
           but
           the
           Scots
           themselves
           ,
           being
           displeased
           with
           this
           Match
           ,
           the
           Scots
           raised
           some
           Commotions
           ,
           with
           design
           to
           have
           prevented
           it
           ;
           but
           ,
           being
           over-powered
           ,
           were
           forced
           to
           take
           Refuge
           in
           England
           ;
           where
           ,
           by
           Connivance
           ,
           they
           were
           allowed
           a
           safe
           Retreat
           .
        
         
         
           During
           these
           Transactions
           ,
           the
           great
           Renown
           and
           Glory
           of
           Queen
           Elizabeth's
           Reign
           ,
           having
           invited
           Corcille
           ,
           Sister
           to
           the
           King
           of
           Sweden
           ,
           and
           Wife
           to
           Christopher
           Marquess
           of
           Baden
           ,
           to
           come
           ,
           tho'
           big
           with
           Child
           ,
           from
           the
           farthest
           Places
           of
           the
           North
           ,
           to
           see
           the
           Lustre
           of
           her
           Court
           ,
           and
           observe
           the
           Wisdom
           of
           her
           Government
           ;
           after
           a
           tedious
           Voyage
           by
           Sea
           and
           Land
           ,
           she
           at
           length
           arrived
           at
           Dover
           ,
           where
           she
           was
           received
           with
           all
           possible
           Magnificence
           and
           Respect
           ,
           and
           entertained
           by
           the
           Queen
           all
           the
           while
           she
           stayed
           here
           ,
           with
           all
           the
           Tenderness
           ,
           Affection
           ,
           and
           Splendour
           imaginable
           .
           Within
           a
           few
           days
           after
           her
           Arrival
           ,
           she
           fell
           in
           Labour
           ,
           and
           was
           delivered
           of
           a
           Son
           ,
           whom
           the
           Queen
           christned
           in
           her
           own
           Person
           ,
           by
           the
           Name
           of
           
             Edwardu●
             Fortunatus
             ;
             Edward
          
           ,
           in
           Memory
           of
           her
           dearly
           beloved
           Brother
           ;
           and
           Fortunatus
           ,
           in
           regard
           of
           his
           being
           born
           after
           a
           painful
           Journey
           .
           Having
           remained
           here
           ,
           they
           were
           dismiss'd
           with
           many
           rich
           Presents
           ,
           and
           an
           Annual
           Pension
           from
           the
           Queen
           .
           During
           their
           Entertainments
           here
           ,
           a
           French
           Ambassador
           came
           hither
           to
           be
           installed
           Knight
           of
           the
           Garter
           ,
           in
           
           the
           Place
           and
           Person
           of
           that
           King
           ;
           and
           ,
           to
           present
           the
           Order
           of
           St.
           Michael
           ,
           the
           principal
           Order
           of
           France
           ,
           to
           the
           Duke
           of
           Norfolk
           ,
           and
           the
           Earl
           of
           Leicester
           ;
           which
           were
           performed
           with
           the
           Ceremonies
           ,
           State
           and
           Pomp
           ,
           usual
           on
           such
           occasions
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           was
           again
           sollicited
           to
           Marry
           ,
           by
           those
           who
           were
           fearful
           that
           the
           
             Protestant
             Religion
          
           in
           this
           Kingdom
           might
           be
           extirpated
           by
           the
           Pretensions
           and
           authority
           of
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           ,
           should
           she
           come
           to
           the
           Crown
           ;
           and
           amongst
           other
           offers
           ,
           the
           
             Emperour
             Maximilian
          
           did
           very
           seasonably
           renew
           the
           Proposals
           of
           a
           Match
           between
           her
           Majesty
           and
           his
           Brother
           Charles
           .
           About
           the
           same
           time
           ,
           there
           arose
           great
           Dissentions
           at
           Court
           between
           the
           Earls
           of
           Sussex
           and
           Leicester
           ,
           the
           former
           favouring
           this
           Marriage
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           opposing
           ,
           in
           regard
           of
           his
           own
           hopes
           and
           pretensions
           ,
           but
           were
           at
           length
           ,
           at
           least
           seemingly
           reconciled
           by
           the
           Queen
           .
        
         
           About
           the
           same
           time
           came
           likewise
           into
           
             England
             ,
             Donald
             Mac
             Carty
             More
             ,
          
           a
           Lord
           of
           great
           Authority
           and
           large
           Territories
           in
           Ireland
           ,
           which
           were
           confirmed
           to
           him
           ,
           
           and
           his
           Heirs
           Males
           by
           the
           Queen
           ;
           who
           likewise
           conferred
           new
           Honours
           both
           upon
           him
           and
           his
           Son
           ,
           by
           making
           the
           Father
           Earl
           of
           Clencarn
           ,
           and
           the
           Son
           Baron
           of
           Valentia
           ,
           and
           so
           engaged
           them
           by
           Gifts
           and
           Presents
           ,
           that
           they
           procured
           great
           Opposers
           of
           the
           Innovations
           designed
           by
           Desmond
           .
           Now
           Sir
           
             Nicholas
             Arnold
          
           being
           called
           from
           the
           Government
           of
           Ireland
           ,
           Sir
           
             Henry
             Sidney
          
           was
           sent
           in
           his
           stead
           ,
           as
           Justice
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           :
           The
           English
           Vicegerents
           there
           being
           at
           first
           so
           termed
           ,
           and
           since
           Deputies
           or
           Lieutenants
           ,
           accoring
           to
           the
           pleasure
           of
           the
           
             Prince
             .
             Sidney
          
           ,
           at
           his
           Arrival
           finding
           great
           confusion
           ,
           through
           the
           Discord
           of
           the
           
             Earles
             of
             Ormond
          
           and
           Desmond
           ;
           the
           Queen
           ,
           to
           prevent
           any
           further
           mischief
           through
           their
           Dissentions
           ,
           thought
           fit
           to
           send
           for
           the
           latter
           into
           England
           .
        
         
           And
           now
           the
           Parliament
           being
           met
           ,
           they
           again
           move
           the
           Queen
           either
           to
           marry
           or
           declare
           her
           Successour
           ,
           which
           her
           Majesty
           looking
           upon
           as
           an
           Imposition
           ,
           she
           checked
           both
           Houses
           for
           what
           had
           passed
           in
           them
           upon
           this
           occasion
           ;
           and
           though
           they
           had
           offered
           far
           greater
           Sums
           than
           were
           usual
           ,
           upon
           Condition
           she
           would
           
           nominate
           a
           Successour
           ,
           yet
           she
           flatly
           refused
           that
           extraordinary
           offer
           ,
           remitting
           the
           fourth
           payment
           of
           the
           Subsidy
           ,
           saying
           ,
           that
           Money
           in
           her
           Subjects
           ▪
           Coffers
           was
           as
           well
           as
           in
           her
           own
           .
           Nevertheless
           ,
           she
           favoured
           very
           much
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           Title
           ,
           and
           punished
           those
           who
           called
           it
           in
           question
           .
        
         
           Shortly
           after
           these
           Occurrences
           ,
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scotland
           falling
           into
           a
           languishing
           Condition
           ,
           she
           recommended
           the
           Prince
           ,
           her
           Son
           ,
           to
           the
           Protection
           of
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ;
           but
           before
           that
           happened
           ,
           her
           Affection
           for
           the
           King
           her
           Husband
           being
           much
           cooled
           and
           abated
           ,
           and
           this
           Unkindness
           in
           her
           being
           much
           fomented
           by
           one
           
             David
             Rizie
          
           an
           Italian
           ,
           first
           a
           Musician
           ,
           and
           afterwards
           French
           Secretary
           to
           the
           Queen
           .
           The
           King
           ,
           her
           Husband
           ,
           through
           the
           instigations
           of
           several
           Lords
           ,
           resolved
           to
           dispatch
           a
           man
           ,
           who
           had
           taken
           upon
           him
           more
           than
           became
           him
           ;
           which
           ,
           having
           accordingly
           performed
           ,
           it
           was
           not
           long
           before
           the
           King
           himself
           was
           assassinated
           by
           Murray's
           Contrivances
           ,
           though
           some
           Historians
           have
           laid
           that
           Regicide
           to
           the
           Queen
           his
           Wife's
           Charge
           .
           
           After
           this
           detestable
           Action
           ,
           they
           perswaded
           the
           Queen
           to
           accept
           of
           the
           Earl
           of
           Bothwel
           ,
           one
           of
           the
           Conspirators
           ,
           for
           a
           Husband
           ,
           being
           a
           Person
           renowned
           for
           his
           Courage
           ;
           and
           therefore
           the
           better
           able
           to
           assist
           her
           against
           so
           many
           Enemies
           as
           she
           was
           represented
           to
           have
           :
           but
           ,
           being
           accused
           of
           that
           horrid
           Parricide
           ,
           he
           was
           brought
           to
           the
           Bar
           ,
           and
           acquitted
           by
           Law.
           Whereupon
           ,
           having
           new
           Honours
           conferred
           upon
           him
           ,
           the
           Queen
           accepted
           him
           for
           a
           Husband
           ;
           which
           bred
           a
           Suspition
           in
           several
           People
           ,
           That
           the
           Queen
           was
           privy
           to
           the
           Murder
           .
           Which
           Umbrage
           being
           promoted
           by
           the
           Male-contents
           ,
           they
           took
           Arms
           ,
           caused
           Bothwell
           to
           fly
           ;
           though
           ,
           as
           some
           say
           ,
           privy
           to
           their
           Designs
           :
           and
           ,
           having
           seized
           on
           the
           Queen
           ,
           they
           put
           her
           into
           Prison
           ;
           which
           ,
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           having
           notice
           of
           ,
           and
           detesting
           the
           Insolency
           of
           those
           People
           ,
           she
           sent
           Sir
           
             Nicholas
             Throckmorton
          
           into
           Scotland
           ,
           to
           expostulate
           the
           matter
           with
           the
           Confederates
           ,
           and
           procure
           her
           Restauration
           to
           her
           former
           Freedom
           and
           Authority
           .
           Yet
           ,
           though
           this
           Ambassadour
           used
           all
           imaginable
           Arguments
           ,
           in
           Vindication
           of
           that
           Queen
           ,
           
           yet
           ,
           he
           found
           that
           People
           so
           strangely
           exasperated
           against
           her
           ,
           that
           instead
           of
           complying
           with
           his
           Demands
           ,
           they
           put
           the
           Queen
           under
           a
           stricter
           Confinement
           ;
           insomuch
           ,
           that
           at
           last
           ,
           to
           make
           her
           freely
           resign
           the
           Government
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           they
           menaced
           to
           call
           her
           in
           question
           for
           Tyranny
           ,
           the
           King's
           Murder
           ,
           and
           incontinent
           Living
           ;
           insomuch
           ,
           that
           at
           length
           they
           compelled
           her
           to
           set
           her
           hand
           to
           three
           ▪
           Instruments
           :
           In
           the
           first
           whereof
           ,
           she
           resigned
           her
           Kingdom
           to
           her
           young
           Son
           ,
           at
           that
           time
           ,
           scarce
           thirteen
           Months
           old
           ;
           In
           the
           second
           ,
           she
           constituted
           Murray
           Vice-Roy
           ,
           during
           the
           Minority
           of
           her
           Son
           ;
           and
           ,
           in
           the
           third
           ,
           she
           named
           ,
           in
           case
           that
           Murray
           should
           refuse
           that
           Office
           ,
           several
           of
           the
           principal
           Noble-men
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           .
        
         
           Within
           a
           few
           days
           after
           this
           Resignation
           ,
           James
           the
           Sixth
           ,
           her
           Son
           ,
           was
           crowned
           King
           ;
           the
           famous
           
             John
             Knox
          
           preaching
           the
           Coronation
           Sermon
           .
           Now
           ,
           Murray
           being
           declared
           Regent
           ,
           he
           advised
           the
           Queen
           not
           to
           disturb
           the
           Peace
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           by
           endeavouring
           her
           Liberty
           ,
           by
           Instigating
           the
           Queen
           of
           
           England
           ,
           or
           the
           French
           King
           ,
           to
           a
           War
           with
           Scotland
           ,
           or
           by
           thinking
           any
           more
           of
           Bothwell's
           Love
           ,
           or
           meditating
           Revenge
           upon
           his
           Adversaries
           .
           As
           soon
           as
           Murray
           was
           confirmed
           in
           the
           Regency
           ,
           he
           put
           to
           death
           some
           of
           Bothwell's
           Servants
           ,
           who
           protested
           at
           their
           Execution
           ,
           that
           Murray
           and
           Morton
           were
           the
           Contrivers
           of
           the
           Kings
           Death
           .
        
         
           But
           ,
           while
           that
           the
           Queen
           of
           England
           and
           the
           French
           King
           were
           ,
           in
           vain
           ,
           solliciting
           the
           Liberty
           of
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           ,
           eight
           years
           being
           now
           expired
           since
           the
           Treaty
           of
           Cambray
           ,
           Ministers
           were
           sent
           into
           France
           ,
           to
           demand
           the
           re-delivery
           of
           Calice
           ,
           with
           the
           Appurtenances
           ;
           but
           this
           Business
           being
           delayed
           ,
           and
           prorogued
           by
           the
           French
           from
           time
           to
           time
           ,
           at
           length
           the
           thoughts
           of
           it
           were
           wholly
           laid
           aside
           ,
           through
           the
           Civil
           War
           that
           then
           broke
           out
           in
           France
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           the
           Earl
           of
           Sussex
           ,
           being
           sent
           Ambassador
           to
           the
           Emperour
           ,
           to
           treat
           of
           the
           Marriage
           that
           had
           been
           proposed
           by
           his
           Imperial
           Majesty
           ,
           in
           favour
           of
           the
           Arch
           Duke
           his
           Brother
           :
           which
           Commission
           he
           the
           more
           willingly
           accepted
           of
           ,
           in
           that
           it
           might
           be
           a
           means
           for
           the
           destroying
           
           the
           Earl
           of
           Leicester's
           Pretensions
           .
           But
           he
           met
           with
           several
           Difficulties
           in
           this
           Negotiation
           ,
           both
           as
           to
           Religion
           ,
           the
           Arch
           Duke's
           Maintenance
           ,
           the
           Title
           of
           King
           ,
           and
           the
           Succession
           .
           As
           for
           the
           Title
           ;
           the
           Arch
           Duke
           Charles
           should
           enjoy
           the
           Name
           and
           Title
           of
           King
           of
           England
           :
           Concerning
           the
           Succession
           ,
           He
           could
           not
           by
           the
           Laws
           of
           England
           succeed
           ,
           for
           that
           would
           have
           been
           prejudicial
           to
           their
           Children
           ;
           of
           whom
           it
           was
           agreed
           however
           ,
           that
           he
           should
           have
           the
           Guardianship
           :
           and
           all
           other
           things
           as
           fully
           granted
           ,
           as
           they
           had
           been
           to
           Philip
           of
           Spain
           when
           he
           married
           to
           
             Queen
             Mary
          
           .
           As
           touching
           his
           Maintenance
           ,
           he
           would
           at
           his
           own
           charge
           maintain
           the
           Train
           he
           should
           bring
           and
           keep
           about
           him
           ;
           the
           Queen
           would
           bountifully
           supply
           the
           rest
           ,
           according
           to
           his
           Royal
           Dignity
           ;
           nay
           ,
           and
           that
           other
           also
           ,
           if
           he
           would
           require
           it
           .
           But
           the
           main
           obstacle
           was
           ,
           concerning
           Religion
           ;
           the
           Emperour
           and
           Arch
           Duke
           requiring
           a
           publick
           Church
           for
           the
           celebrating
           Divine
           Service
           ,
           after
           the
           Romish
           manner
           ;
           which
           not
           being
           granted
           ,
           nor
           the
           Expedient
           allowed
           of
           that
           was
           devised
           by
           the
           Emperour
           ,
           that
           
           he
           might
           have
           some
           private
           place
           in
           the
           Court
           granted
           him
           for
           Divine
           Service
           ;
           upon
           condition
           ,
           that
           no
           English
           man
           should
           be
           admitted
           thereunto
           :
           That
           he
           himself
           should
           forbear
           ,
           in
           case
           of
           any
           Disorders
           in
           point
           of
           Religion
           :
           That
           neither
           he
           ,
           nor
           any
           of
           his
           ,
           should
           speak
           against
           the
           Religion
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           :
           and
           moreover
           ,
           That
           he
           himself
           should
           be
           present
           with
           the
           Queen
           at
           Divine
           Service
           ,
           to
           be
           celebrated
           after
           the
           manner
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           .
           Yet
           ,
           notwithstanding
           these
           plausible
           Offers
           ,
           the
           Queen
           ,
           after
           mature
           Deliberation
           ,
           made
           Answer
           ,
           That
           should
           she
           consent
           hereunto
           ,
           she
           should
           offend
           her
           Conscience
           ,
           and
           openly
           break
           the
           publick
           Laws
           of
           the
           Realm
           ,
           which
           could
           not
           be
           done
           ,
           without
           endangering
           both
           her
           Dignity
           and
           Safety
           ;
           but
           however
           ,
           invited
           the
           Arch
           Duke
           Charles
           to
           come
           into
           England
           ;
           promising
           ,
           That
           he
           should
           not
           repent
           of
           his
           Journey
           .
           Whereupon
           ,
           the
           Emperour
           dismissed
           Sussex
           with
           great
           Honour
           ;
           and
           thus
           those
           Proposals
           fell
           to
           nothing
           by
           degrees
           ,
           though
           all
           mutual
           good
           Offices
           continued
           to
           pass
           between
           the
           Queen
           and
           the
           Emperour
           ,
           who
           
           persevered
           in
           thwarting
           all
           the
           Designs
           of
           the
           Pope
           against
           her
           Majesty
           ;
           and
           not
           long
           after
           ,
           the
           Arch
           Duke
           Charles
           took
           to
           Wife
           ,
           a
           Daughter
           of
           the
           Duke
           of
           Bavaria
           .
        
         
           Much
           about
           the
           same
           time
           ,
           came
           Ambassadours
           to
           the
           Queen
           ,
           from
           the
           Emperour
           of
           Russia
           and
           Muscovia
           ,
           bringing
           very
           rich
           Presents
           to
           her
           Majesty
           ,
           that
           Emperour
           having
           granted
           very
           great
           Priviledges
           to
           the
           English
           ,
           who
           had
           ,
           not
           long
           before
           ,
           discovered
           a
           Passage
           by
           Sea
           ,
           into
           his
           Countrey
           ;
           and
           of
           whom
           ,
           a
           Company
           was
           formed
           for
           Commerce
           into
           those
           parts
           .
           With
           those
           Ambassadors
           ,
           returned
           into
           
             England
             ,
             Anthony
             Jenkinson
          
           ,
           being
           the
           first
           of
           all
           the
           English
           ,
           who
           sailed
           upon
           the
           Caspian
           Sea
           :
           By
           him
           ,
           the
           Czar
           made
           Proposals
           of
           an
           Offensive
           and
           Defensive
           League
           with
           the
           Queen
           ;
           which
           her
           Majesty
           made
           slight
           of
           ,
           not
           being
           willing
           to
           enter
           into
           farther
           League
           with
           a
           Prince
           ,
           who
           had
           created
           an
           Aversion
           to
           him
           in
           his
           Subjects
           ,
           through
           his
           Tyranny
           and
           Arbitrary
           Practises
           .
        
         
           Now
           ,
           Let
           us
           pass
           over
           into
           Ireland
           ,
           where
           we
           shall
           find
           
             Shan
             O
             Neal
          
           so
           puffed
           
           up
           with
           some
           Victories
           he
           had
           gained
           in
           the
           Queen's
           Service
           ,
           that
           he
           fell
           to
           committing
           such
           Extravagances
           ,
           that
           the
           English
           could
           not
           forbear
           checking
           him
           ;
           which
           his
           haughty
           Spirit
           not
           being
           able
           to
           brook
           ,
           he
           again
           breaks
           out
           into
           Rebellion
           ;
           but
           ,
           having
           received
           several
           Losses
           ,
           and
           being
           defeated
           by
           the
           English
           ,
           he
           designed
           to
           have
           craved
           Pardon
           ,
           and
           submitted
           himself
           to
           the
           Lord
           Deputy
           .
           But
           ,
           being
           disswaded
           by
           some
           of
           his
           Crew
           ,
           from
           so
           doing
           ,
           he
           was
           advised
           to
           try
           the
           Amity
           of
           the
           Hebridians
           ,
           by
           whom
           ,
           he
           and
           his
           were
           slain
           ,
           after
           a
           seeming
           kind
           Reception
           .
           After
           his
           Death
           ,
           some
           Commotions
           were
           raised
           in
           other
           parts
           of
           Ireland
           ,
           through
           the
           Dissentions
           of
           the
           Earls
           of
           Ormond
           and
           Desmond
           ,
           which
           were
           stilled
           ,
           by
           seizing
           on
           the
           latter
           ,
           and
           sending
           him
           into
           England
           .
        
         
           
             Releiving
             the
             poore
             Protestants
             in
             France
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             Queen
             Courted
             by
             Severall
             Prinfess
          
        
         
           
             The
             Pope
             s
             Bull
             set
             on
             the
             Pallace
             gate
             &
             he
             hang'dy
             t
             did
             it
             .
          
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           the
           Duke
           of
           Anjou
           was
           recommended
           for
           a
           Husband
           to
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           ,
           by
           the
           
             Queen
             Mother
          
           of
           France
           .
           And
           the
           
             English
             Ambassadour
          
           at
           the
           Court
           of
           Spain
           was
           uncivilly
           used
           ,
           for
           having
           spoken
           irreverently
           of
           the
           Pope
           ,
           and
           Sir
           
             John
             Hawkins
          
           ,
           being
           with
           some
           Ships
           in
           America
           for
           Commerce
           ,
           he
           was
           set
           upon
           by
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           contrary
           to
           Capitulations
           and
           Treaties
           ,
           many
           of
           his
           Men
           being
           slain
           by
           them
           ,
           and
           his
           Goods
           pillaged
           ,
           which
           so
           exasperated
           the
           English
           here
           at
           home
           ,
           that
           they
           demanded
           a
           War
           against
           the
           Spaniard
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           the
           Protestants
           lying
           under
           heavy
           Persecutions
           in
           
             France
             ,
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           took
           them
           into
           her
           Protection
           ,
           supplyed
           them
           with
           Money
           and
           Ammunition
           ,
           and
           received
           ,
           with
           all
           manner
           of
           kindness
           ,
           those
           that
           fled
           hither
           ,
           
           notwithstanding
           they
           had
           basely
           abandoned
           her
           at
           New-haven
           .
        
         
           And
           now
           the
           War
           began
           to
           flame
           forth
           in
           the
           Low
           Countries
           .
           For
           the
           Duke
           of
           Alva
           ,
           a
           Man
           of
           the
           highest
           Arbitrary
           and
           Tyrannical
           Principles
           ,
           being
           sent
           Governour
           thither
           by
           the
           Court
           of
           Spain
           ,
           and
           being
           an
           Enemy
           of
           their
           Nations
           ,
           he
           trampled
           under
           Foot
           all
           their
           Privileges
           ,
           introduced
           the
           Inquisition
           ,
           and
           endeavoured
           by
           all
           manner
           of
           Cruelties
           to
           extirpate
           the
           
             Protestant
             Religion
          
           in
           all
           Places
           of
           his
           Government
           ;
           insomuch
           ,
           that
           the
           People
           being
           no
           longer
           able
           to
           support
           his
           Tyranny
           ,
           began
           to
           be
           Tumultuous
           ,
           which
           ,
           though
           quieted
           for
           a
           while
           ,
           burst
           out
           at
           length
           into
           a
           long
           and
           dangerous
           War.
           At
           that
           time
           vast
           Sums
           of
           Money
           being
           sent
           in
           some
           Spanish
           Ships
           by
           Italian
           Merchants
           ,
           to
           be
           employed
           in
           Bank
           in
           the
           Low
           Countries
           ,
           for
           the
           ruine
           of
           the
           Protestants
           there
           ,
           and
           being
           forced
           by
           French
           Men
           of
           War
           ,
           to
           take
           refuge
           in
           England
           ;
           the
           Queen
           at
           first
           ordered
           ,
           that
           the
           Spaniards
           should
           be
           kindly
           used
           ,
           and
           be
           defended
           against
           the
           French
           ;
           and
           the
           Money
           being
           brought
           on
           Land
           for
           the
           better
           security
           ,
           and
           the
           Queen
           having
           notice
           
           to
           what
           ill
           Purposes
           it
           was
           designed
           ,
           and
           that
           it
           did
           not
           belong
           to
           the
           Spaniard
           himself
           ,
           she
           was
           advised
           by
           the
           Privy
           Council
           ,
           to
           borrow
           it
           of
           the
           Merchants
           ;
           some
           of
           the
           Owners
           themselves
           being
           affraid
           the
           Duke
           of
           Alva
           would
           seize
           upon
           it
           :
           Yet
           she
           religiously
           promised
           to
           restore
           it
           ,
           if
           it
           was
           made
           out
           that
           it
           was
           the
           Spaniards
           own
           Money
           .
           Whereupon
           ,
           the
           Impetuous
           Duke
           of
           Alva
           immediately
           caused
           all
           Goods
           to
           be
           seized
           that
           belonged
           to
           the
           English
           in
           the
           Low
           Countries
           ,
           and
           kept
           the
           Englishmen
           Prisoners
           .
           And
           the
           Queen
           caused
           the
           same
           to
           be
           done
           with
           the
           Dutch
           Merchants
           here
           in
           England
           ;
           which
           being
           of
           far
           greater
           value
           than
           those
           of
           the
           English
           ,
           the
           Spaniard
           had
           reason
           to
           repent
           of
           these
           and
           other
           Courses
           ,
           that
           brought
           upon
           him
           an
           Unfortunate
           and
           Bloody
           War.
           
        
         
           Upon
           the
           Detention
           of
           this
           Money
           ,
           several
           Peers
           of
           the
           Realm
           accused
           Sir
           
             William
             Cecil
          
           of
           sending
           Money
           into
           France
           ,
           but
           the
           Queen
           finding
           that
           all
           this
           proceeded
           from
           their
           envying
           his
           being
           so
           much
           in
           her
           favour
           ,
           she
           checked
           them
           ,
           and
           protected
           him
           .
        
         
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           the
           Duke
           of
           Alva
           sent
           a
           Person
           to
           demand
           the
           Money
           ,
           but
           after
           some
           stay
           ,
           returned
           with
           a
           denial
           ;
           hereupon
           that
           Duke
           prohibited
           all
           Commerce
           with
           the
           English
           ,
           and
           appointed
           Searchers
           to
           hinder
           any
           thing
           from
           being
           imported
           or
           exported
           out
           of
           the
           Low
           Countries
           by
           them
           ;
           amongst
           whom
           ,
           was
           one
           Doctor
           Story
           ,
           an
           English
           Fugitive
           ,
           and
           a
           Person
           who
           had
           used
           several
           means
           against
           the
           Queens
           Life
           ,
           and
           suggested
           to
           the
           Spaniard
           an
           Invasion
           of
           England
           .
        
         
           Hereupon
           ,
           the
           Duke
           of
           Alva
           gave
           order
           ,
           that
           none
           but
           Men
           of
           War
           should
           put
           to
           Sea
           out
           of
           the
           Low
           Countries
           ,
           and
           that
           they
           should
           seize
           on
           the
           English
           ,
           wheresoever
           they
           met
           with
           them
           .
           And
           the
           Spaniard
           used
           several
           other
           Practices
           for
           the
           raising
           a
           Rebellion
           in
           Engiand
           and
           Ireland
           ,
           but
           all
           to
           no
           purpose
           .
           The
           English
           hereupon
           remove
           their
           Staple
           to
           Hamburgh
           ,
           and
           so
           plyed
           the
           Spaniard
           with
           Privateers
           ,
           that
           the
           Queen
           thought
           fit
           to
           restrain
           them
           by
           Proclamation
           .
        
         
           Now
           though
           such
           as
           envyed
           the
           Prosperity
           of
           England
           used
           all
           manner
           
           of
           Contrivances
           to
           disturb
           it
           ;
           and
           amongst
           others
           ,
           endeavoured
           to
           put
           a
           stop
           to
           that
           part
           of
           our
           Trade
           as
           then
           flourished
           in
           Russia
           ,
           by
           sowing
           Dissention
           between
           the
           English
           and
           the
           Russians
           ,
           and
           amongst
           the
           English
           themselves
           ;
           yet
           they
           were
           in
           that
           Favour
           with
           that
           Emperour
           ,
           out
           of
           the
           respect
           he
           bare
           to
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ,
           that
           he
           granted
           them
           freedom
           from
           all
           Customes
           in
           his
           Countrey
           ,
           allowed
           them
           liberty
           to
           trade
           all
           over
           his
           Empire
           ,
           and
           through
           it
           to
           Astracan
           ,
           and
           so
           by
           the
           Caspian
           Sea
           into
           Persia.
           And
           though
           that
           Emperour
           was
           somewhat
           disgusted
           at
           some
           Refusals
           and
           Slights
           of
           the
           Queen
           ,
           yet
           he
           ever
           continued
           to
           use
           the
           English
           with
           all
           possible
           Humanity
           and
           Kindness
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           Murray
           ,
           having
           clap'd
           up
           in
           Prison
           the
           principal
           Favourers
           of
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           Party
           ,
           it
           caused
           several
           Rumours
           to
           be
           spread
           abroad
           to
           his
           disadvantage
           ;
           which
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           having
           dispersed
           by
           a
           Publick
           Writing
           ,
           she
           taking
           Pity
           of
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           condition
           ,
           sollicited
           her
           Restauration
           to
           her
           Crown
           and
           Dignity
           .
           
           But
           while
           she
           was
           making
           these
           Paces
           in
           her
           favour
           ,
           she
           found
           that
           that
           Queen
           did
           underhand
           Cabal
           against
           her
           ,
           and
           was
           contracting
           a
           Marriage
           with
           the
           Duke
           of
           Norfolk
           ,
           without
           her
           Privity
           and
           Consent
           ;
           whereupon
           that
           Duke
           was
           committed
           to
           the
           Tower
           ,
           and
           the
           Bishop
           of
           Rosse
           and
           Ridol●h
           the
           Florentine
           to
           Sir
           Walsingham's
           Custody
           .
        
         
           About
           which
           time
           ,
           the
           Earls
           of
           
             Northumberland
             ,
             Westmerland
          
           ,
           and
           others
           ,
           made
           an
           Insurrection
           in
           the
           North
           ,
           being
           instigated
           thereunto
           by
           one
           Morton
           ,
           a
           Popish
           Priest
           ,
           who
           was
           sent
           by
           the
           Pope
           to
           pronounce
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           an
           Heretick
           .
           But
           after
           these
           Rebels
           had
           by
           their
           Declarations
           invited
           all
           the
           Catholicks
           to
           come
           in
           to
           their
           Assistance
           ,
           and
           committed
           several
           Extravagancies
           at
           Durham
           ,
           by
           tearing
           to
           pieces
           all
           the
           Bibles
           and
           Common-Prayer-Books
           in
           the
           English
           Tongue
           ,
           that
           they
           could
           find
           in
           the
           Churches
           there
           ;
           and
           after
           twelve
           dayes
           Rebellion
           ,
           finding
           their
           Army
           to
           be
           but
           six
           hundred
           Horse
           ,
           and
           four
           thousand
           Foot
           strong
           ,
           and
           hearing
           that
           the
           Queens
           
           Forces
           were
           marching
           against
           them
           in
           two
           Bodies
           ,
           the
           one
           of
           seven
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           of
           twelve
           thousand
           ;
           and
           being
           proclaimed
           Traytors
           ,
           the
           two
           Earls
           ,
           finding
           themselves
           unable
           to
           make
           head
           against
           such
           great
           Forces
           ,
           they
           fled
           with
           a
           small
           Company
           into
           Scotland
           ;
           from
           whence
           ,
           the
           Earl
           of
           Westmerland
           made
           his
           Escape
           into
           the
           Low
           Countries
           ,
           where
           he
           lived
           ,
           though
           poorly
           ,
           to
           a
           great
           Age.
           But
           Northumberland
           was
           betrayed
           by
           his
           Party
           ,
           to
           Murray
           .
           The
           Heads
           of
           the
           Rebels
           being
           convicted
           of
           High
           Treason
           ,
           were
           proscribed
           ,
           and
           several
           of
           them
           executed
           :
           Presently
           after
           which
           ,
           there
           broke
           forth
           a
           new
           Rebellion
           in
           Cumberland
           ,
           the
           number
           of
           the
           Rebels
           amounting
           to
           three
           thousand
           Men
           ;
           but
           ,
           were
           fought
           ,
           routed
           ,
           and
           dispersed
           ,
           by
           the
           Baron
           of
           Hunsdon
           .
           There
           was
           likewise
           a
           Rebelliin
           Ireland
           ,
           but
           was
           quickly
           extinguished
           through
           the
           Queens
           prudent
           Conduct
           ,
           and
           the
           Orders
           she
           sent
           to
           the
           Deputy
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           .
           But
           notwithstanding
           these
           Commotions
           both
           in
           England
           and
           Ireland
           ,
           she
           failed
           not
           to
           assist
           the
           French
           Protestants
           ,
           with
           Men
           ,
           Money
           and
           Ammunition
           .
           But
           ,
           as
           the
           Queen
           assisted
           the
           
           French
           ,
           the
           French
           King
           ,
           out
           of
           Revenge
           ,
           designed
           to
           have
           done
           the
           same
           to
           the
           Scots
           ,
           had
           he
           not
           been
           prevented
           by
           Death
           .
        
         
           During
           these
           Occurrences
           ,
           Murray
           ,
           Regent
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           when
           he
           had
           setled
           all
           things
           to
           his
           Desire
           ,
           and
           thought
           himself
           secure
           against
           all
           Attempts
           ,
           he
           was
           shot
           by
           one
           Hamilton
           in
           the
           Belly
           ,
           as
           he
           was
           riding
           along
           the
           Streets
           in
           Litchquo
           ;
           of
           which
           Wound
           ,
           he
           immediately
           dyed
           ,
           the
           Assassinate
           making
           his
           Escape
           into
           France
           .
           Presently
           after
           his
           Death
           ,
           the
           Scots
           that
           were
           devoted
           to
           their
           Queen
           ,
           being
           joyned
           with
           the
           English
           Fugitives
           and
           Rebels
           ,
           made
           some
           Incursions
           into
           England
           ;
           but
           ,
           Forces
           being
           sent
           against
           them
           under
           the
           Earl
           of
           Sussex
           and
           the
           Lord
           Hunsdon
           ,
           they
           were
           defeated
           ,
           and
           the
           Borders
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           severely
           punished
           for
           their
           Folly.
           After
           which
           Performances
           ,
           the
           English
           assisted
           their
           Friends
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           and
           by
           so
           doing
           ,
           removed
           from
           the
           King
           ,
           the
           Hamiltons
           ,
           and
           the
           rest
           who
           stood
           for
           the
           deposed
           Queen
           .
           Whereupon
           ,
           the
           Lords
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           met
           together
           about
           choosing
           a
           new
           Regent
           ,
           and
           demanded
           
           Queen
           Elizabeth's
           Advice
           in
           the
           Business
           ;
           but
           she
           replied
           ,
           That
           she
           would
           not
           be
           concerned
           in
           it
           ,
           lest
           if
           any
           thing
           should
           be
           done
           to
           the
           prejudice
           of
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           ,
           she
           might
           be
           suspected
           for
           it
           :
           whereupon
           they
           created
           the
           Earl
           of
           Lenox
           Regent
           ;
           which
           was
           the
           more
           pleasing
           to
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ,
           as
           hoping
           he
           would
           have
           a
           particular
           care
           of
           the
           young
           King
           ,
           being
           his
           Grand-child
           ,
           and
           live
           in
           good
           Intelligence
           with
           the
           English
           ,
           by
           Favours
           and
           Benefits
           he
           had
           received
           during
           his
           abode
           among
           them
           ,
           and
           be
           at
           her
           Devotion
           ,
           because
           she
           had
           his
           Wife
           in
           her
           Power
           .
        
         
           Whilst
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           was
           thus
           assisting
           the
           Queen's
           Party
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           the
           Duke
           of
           Castle-Herault
           ,
           the
           Earls
           of
           Huntley
           and
           Argyle
           ,
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           Lieutenants
           ,
           send
           an
           Envoy
           to
           the
           Duke
           of
           Alva
           ,
           to
           demand
           his
           Assistance
           and
           Offices
           ,
           in
           favour
           of
           their
           Queen
           ;
           which
           he
           readily
           granted
           ,
           promising
           to
           do
           all
           that
           lay
           in
           his
           Power
           to
           satisfie
           their
           Request
           ;
           and
           thereupon
           sent
           them
           Arms
           ,
           Powder
           ,
           Cannon
           and
           Money
           .
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           the
           French
           and
           Spanish
           Ambassadours
           request
           Queen
           
           Elizabeth
           ,
           in
           the
           name
           of
           their
           Masters
           ,
           to
           set
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           at
           Liberty
           ;
           to
           all
           which
           Importunities
           ,
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           returned
           Answer
           ,
           That
           as
           she
           would
           do
           all
           that
           lay
           in
           her
           Power
           to
           reconcile
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           and
           her
           Subjects
           ,
           so
           she
           thought
           it
           was
           but
           Justice
           in
           her
           to
           provide
           for
           her
           own
           ,
           and
           her
           Subjects
           Safety
           .
           And
           now
           the
           Pope
           ,
           seeing
           that
           these
           Princes
           could
           not
           procure
           that
           Queens
           Liberty
           ,
           he
           caused
           one
           Felton
           to
           fasten
           up
           in
           the
           Night-time
           his
           
             Bull
             Declaratory
          
           ,
           upon
           the
           Bishop
           of
           London's
           Palace
           ;
           wherein
           ,
           he
           absolved
           all
           Elizabeth's
           Subjects
           from
           their
           Oath
           of
           Allegiance
           ,
           or
           any
           other
           Duty
           ;
           and
           all
           who
           obey
           her
           ,
           accursed
           with
           Anathema
           .
           Whereupon
           ,
           Felton
           being
           taken
           ,
           and
           confessing
           ,
           and
           justifying
           the
           Fact
           ,
           he
           was
           condemned
           ,
           and
           executed
           accordingly
           ,
           near
           the
           Place
           where
           he
           had
           fixed
           up
           the
           Bull.
           
        
         
           About
           this
           time
           ,
           were
           some
           Commotions
           ,
           and
           Suspicions
           of
           more
           ;
           amongst
           the
           rest
           ,
           a
           Conspiracy
           of
           some
           Norfolk
           Gentlemen
           ,
           to
           set
           the
           Duke
           of
           that
           Name
           at
           liberty
           ;
           but
           soon
           defeated
           ,
           and
           some
           of
           them
           executed
           .
        
         
         
           The
           Duke
           of
           Norfolk
           was
           delivered
           out
           of
           the
           Tower
           the
           same
           day
           that
           Felton
           was
           Executed
           ,
           having
           Confessed
           ,
           and
           asked
           forgiveness
           of
           his
           Crime
           ,
           with
           a
           promise
           under
           his
           hand
           ,
           never
           to
           think
           of
           Marrying
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           ,
           nor
           to
           do
           any
           thing
           more
           against
           the
           Queens
           Authority
           .
        
         
           Shortly
           after
           which
           ,
           broke
           out
           a
           new
           Conspiracy
           in
           Darbyshire
           ,
           whereof
           the
           principal
           Ringleaders
           were
           two
           o●
           the
           Stanleys
           ,
           being
           the
           younger
           Sons
           of
           the
           Earl
           of
           Darby
           ;
           their
           Design
           was
           to
           have
           freed
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           out
           of
           Prison
           :
           But
           the
           Plot
           being
           revealed
           by
           one
           of
           the
           Conspiracy
           ,
           the
           Heads
           of
           it
           were
           taken
           ,
           and
           put
           into
           Prison
           .
        
         
           Hereupon
           followed
           an
           Expedition
           into
           Scotland
           ,
           under
           the
           Earl
           of
           Sussex
           and
           the
           
             Lord
             Scroop
          
           ,
           who
           forced
           the
           Scots
           ,
           of
           the
           Queen
           of
           that
           Names
           Party
           ,
           to
           give
           it
           under
           their
           hands
           ,
           that
           they
           would
           abstain
           from
           War
           ,
           and
           forsake
           the
           English
           Rebels
           .
        
         
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           being
           now
           full
           of
           Ombrage
           and
           Suspitions
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           several
           late
           Conspiracies
           ,
           and
           the
           Popes
           Bull
           ,
           she
           sent
           Sir
           
             William
             Cecyl
          
           ,
           and
           
           Sir
           
             Walter
             Mildmay
          
           to
           the
           
             Queen
             of
             Scots
          
           ,
           to
           Treat
           with
           her
           ;
           they
           found
           her
           bemoaning
           her
           Condition
           ,
           excusing
           Norfolk
           ,
           and
           referring
           her self
           wholly
           to
           the
           Queens
           Clemency
           ,
           they
           proposed
           ,
           that
           the
           Treaty
           of
           Edenborough
           should
           be
           confirmed
           ;
           that
           she
           should
           renounce
           her
           Title
           and
           Claim
           to
           England
           ,
           as
           long
           as
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           ,
           and
           the
           Children
           lawfully
           born
           of
           her
           Body
           should
           live
           :
           that
           she
           should
           not
           renew
           or
           keep
           any
           League
           with
           any
           Foreign
           Prince
           against
           England
           :
           that
           she
           should
           not
           receive
           any
           Foreign
           Souldiers
           into
           Scotland
           :
           that
           she
           should
           have
           no
           intercourse
           of
           Counsels
           with
           the
           English
           or
           Irish
           ,
           without
           acquainting
           the
           Queen
           therewith
           :
           that
           she
           should
           deliver
           up
           the
           English
           Fugitives
           or
           Rebels
           :
           that
           she
           should
           recompence
           the
           dammages
           done
           to
           the
           English
           Borderers
           :
           that
           she
           should
           enquire
           according
           to
           Law
           ,
           into
           the
           Murther
           ,
           as
           well
           of
           the
           Lord
           Darnly
           her
           Husband
           ,
           as
           of
           Murray
           :
           that
           she
           should
           deliver
           her
           Son
           into
           England
           as
           an
           Hostage
           :
           that
           she
           should
           Contract
           Marriage
           with
           no
           English
           Man
           ,
           but
           with
           the
           Advice
           of
           the
           Queen
           of
           England
           ,
           nor
           with
           any
           other
           against
           the
           Wills
           of
           the
           
           Estates
           of
           Scotland
           :
           that
           the
           Scots
           should
           not
           cross
           over
           into
           Ireland
           ,
           but
           by
           Licence
           obtained
           out
           of
           England
           :
           that
           for
           Confirmation
           of
           these
           things
           ,
           the
           Queen
           ,
           and
           the
           Delegates
           to
           be
           appointed
           ,
           should
           set
           to
           their
           Hands
           and
           Seals
           :
           that
           the
           Hostages
           whom
           the
           Queen
           of
           England
           should
           name
           ,
           should
           be
           sent
           into
           England
           :
           that
           if
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           should
           attempt
           any
           thing
           by
           her self
           ,
           or
           any
           other
           ,
           against
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           ,
           she
           should
           ,
           
             ipso
             facto
          
           ,
           forfeit
           all
           her
           Right
           and
           Title
           she
           claimeth
           to
           England
           :
           that
           Humes
           Castle
           ,
           and
           Fast
           Castle
           ,
           should
           be
           holden
           by
           the
           English
           for
           three
           Years
           :
           that
           in
           like
           manner
           ,
           some
           strong
           Holds
           in
           Galloway
           or
           Cantyr
           ,
           should
           be
           delivered
           into
           the
           English
           mens
           Hands
           ,
           lest
           from
           thence
           the
           Scottish
           Irish
           might
           infest
           Ireland
           .
           Lastly
           ,
           That
           the
           Estates
           of
           Scotland
           should
           confirm
           all
           these
           things
           by
           Authority
           of
           Parliament
           .
           To
           which
           Propositions
           ,
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           replyed
           ,
           with
           a
           Proviso
           ,
           referring
           the
           fuller
           Answer
           to
           the
           Bishop
           of
           Ross
           ,
           her
           Ambassadour
           in
           England
           ,
           and
           to
           some
           other
           Delegates
           ,
           who
           afterwards
           ,
           granting
           some
           of
           the
           Propositions
           ,
           and
           rejecting
           others
           ,
           the
           Treaty
           came
           to
           nothing
           ,
           
           and
           things
           remained
           in
           the
           same
           state
           as
           they
           were
           in
           before
           :
           Onely
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           ,
           as
           Head
           of
           all
           Britain
           ,
           by
           her
           Authority
           prorogued
           the
           Parliament
           of
           Scotland
           .
           Whilst
           things
           were
           in
           this
           posture
           ,
           the
           Pope
           supplied
           the
           English
           Rebells
           and
           Fugitives
           with
           Monies
           ,
           and
           Philip
           of
           Spain
           contracted
           a
           Marriage
           with
           Anne
           of
           Austria
           Daughter
           to
           the
           Emperour
           Maximilian
           ,
           his
           own
           Neece
           by
           his
           Sister
           ;
           and
           she
           being
           to
           go
           by
           Sea
           from
           Zealand
           into
           Spain
           ,
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ,
           to
           shew
           the
           Love
           and
           Respect
           she
           had
           for
           the
           House
           of
           Austria
           ,
           sent
           Sir
           
             Charles
             Howard
          
           ,
           with
           the
           Navy
           Royal
           ,
           to
           Convoy
           her
           through
           the
           British
           Sea.
           
        
         
           And
           now
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ,
           having
           compleated
           the
           Twelfth
           year
           of
           her
           Reign
           ,
           which
           some
           Wizzards
           had
           flattered
           the
           Papists
           that
           it
           would
           be
           her
           last
           ,
           the
           People
           ,
           out
           of
           their
           great
           Affection
           and
           Loyalty
           to
           her
           Majesty
           ,
           celebrated
           the
           17th
           of
           November
           ,
           with
           all
           the
           Pomp
           ,
           Joy
           ,
           and
           Thanksgiving
           imaginable
           ;
           which
           was
           not
           only
           continued
           upon
           that
           day
           during
           her
           Life
           ,
           but
           even
           to
           this
           very
           day
           .
        
         
         
           In
           Ireland
           ,
           a
           new
           Rebellion
           was
           contrived
           ,
           by
           the
           Earl
           of
           Thoumond
           ,
           and
           his
           Adherents
           ;
           which
           was
           disappointed
           when
           it
           was
           just
           ready
           to
           break
           out
           ,
           merely
           by
           the
           Earl's
           Suspicions
           of
           his
           being
           discovered
           :
           whereupon
           ,
           he
           fled
           into
           France
           ,
           and
           confessing
           his
           Crimes
           ,
           and
           showing
           himself
           very
           penitent
           to
           the
           Queen's
           Ambassador
           there
           ,
           this
           Minister
           procured
           him
           his
           pardon
           ,
           and
           the
           Restitution
           of
           his
           Estate
           .
        
         
           Soon
           after
           which
           ,
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           made
           a
           very
           magnificent
           Entry
           into
           the
           City
           of
           London
           ,
           for
           to
           go
           see
           the
           new
           ▪
           Burse
           ,
           which
           Sir
           
             Thomas
             Gresham
          
           had
           newly
           built
           ;
           and
           ,
           in
           a
           solemn
           manner
           ,
           nam'd
           it
           the
           
             Royal
             Exchange
          
           ,
           with
           Sound
           of
           Trumpets
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           Voice
           of
           an
           Herald
           .
           Shortly
           after
           which
           ,
           she
           created
           Sir
           
             William
             Cecyl
          
           Baron
           of
           Burghley
           .
        
         
           There
           was
           at
           this
           time
           in
           England
           Delegates
           from
           the
           King
           of
           Scots
           ,
           of
           whom
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           having
           demanded
           that
           they
           should
           explain
           the
           Reasons
           they
           had
           for
           deposing
           their
           Queen
           ;
           whereupon
           ,
           they
           exhibited
           so
           insolent
           a
           Writing
           ,
           that
           the
           Queen
           could
           not
           read
           it
           ,
           without
           Indignation
           ;
           and
           told
           them
           ,
           That
           she
           did
           not
           see
           that
           they
           had
           any
           just
           Cause
           to
           treat
           their
           Queen
           after
           that
           manner
           ;
           and
           
           therefore
           ,
           desired
           they
           would
           immediately
           think
           of
           some
           means
           to
           allay
           the
           Dissentions
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           .
           Hereupon
           ,
           several
           Propositions
           were
           again
           made
           them
           for
           the
           setting
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           at
           Liberty
           ;
           which
           being
           rejected
           by
           the
           Scottish
           Delegates
           ,
           and
           Norfolk
           beginning
           a
           new
           his
           Practices
           in
           favour
           of
           that
           Queen
           ,
           and
           she
           her self
           corresponding
           and
           caballing
           with
           the
           Enemies
           of
           the
           Crown
           of
           England
           ,
           whereto
           ,
           they
           were
           both
           excited
           by
           Ridolpho
           the
           Pope's
           Agent
           ,
           that
           Queen
           had
           many
           of
           her
           Servants
           taken
           from
           her
           ,
           and
           she
           her self
           put
           under
           a
           stricter
           Confinement
           ,
           and
           a
           watching
           Eye
           was
           kept
           over
           the
           Duke
           ,
           to
           whom
           ,
           the
           Pope
           had
           promised
           great
           Assistance
           ,
           both
           of
           Money
           and
           Men
           ,
           in
           case
           he
           would
           raise
           a
           Rebellion
           ;
           assuring
           him
           ,
           That
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           would
           aid
           him
           with
           four
           thousand
           Horse
           ,
           and
           six
           thousand
           Foot
           ,
           and
           that
           he
           had
           already
           deposited
           a
           hundred
           thousand
           Crowns
           ,
           and
           that
           he
           would
           be
           at
           all
           the
           Charge
           of
           the
           War.
           
        
         
           But
           whilst
           these
           things
           were
           acting
           in
           England
           ,
           the
           Queen
           of
           
             Scots
             ▪
          
           Party
           was
           very
           much
           oppressed
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           several
           of
           her
           principal
           Adherents
           being
           put
           to
           Death
           ,
           and
           their
           strongest
           Holds
           taken
           
           in
           .
           In
           France
           was
           the
           Marriage
           now
           solemnized
           between
           Charles
           the
           Ninth
           ,
           the
           
             French
             King
          
           ,
           and
           Elizabeth
           of
           Austria
           ,
           Daughter
           to
           the
           Emperour
           Maximilian
           ,
           to
           Congratulate
           which
           ,
           the
           
             Lord
             Buckhurst
          
           was
           sent
           into
           France
           by
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           ,
           and
           was
           there
           received
           with
           all
           the
           Honours
           and
           Pomp
           imaginable
           and
           possibly
           the
           more
           ,
           in
           respect
           of
           a
           Motion
           that
           the
           French
           Court
           designed
           to
           make
           in
           favour
           of
           a
           Match
           between
           the
           Duke
           of
           Anjou
           and
           the
           Queen
           of
           England
           .
        
         
           After
           the
           Lord
           Buckhurst
           had
           performed
           his
           Commission
           ,
           he
           returned
           home
           with
           great
           Presents
           ,
           and
           with
           one
           Cavalcantio
           a
           Florentine
           ,
           who
           had
           attended
           him
           in
           his
           Embassy
           .
           This
           Cavalcantio
           being
           a
           prudent
           Person
           ,
           was
           entrusted
           by
           the
           Queen
           Mother
           of
           France
           ,
           to
           make
           a
           motion
           of
           this
           Match
           to
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           .
           Which
           he
           accordingly
           performed
           ,
           and
           the
           Queen
           seemed
           to
           listen
           favourably
           to
           the
           Proposal
           ;
           for
           by
           this
           Match
           ,
           there
           should
           be
           added
           to
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           England
           ,
           the
           Dukedoms
           of
           
             Anjou
             ,
             Bourbon
             ,
             Avern
          
           ,
           and
           possibly
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           France
           it self
           .
           Whereupon
           a
           Treaty
           was
           held
           ,
           in
           which
           the
           French
           
           proposed
           three
           Articles
           ,
           one
           concerning
           the
           Coronation
           of
           the
           Duke
           ;
           another
           concerning
           the
           joint
           Administration
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ;
           a
           third
           ,
           concerning
           a
           toleration
           of
           his
           Religion
           ;
           whereto
           it
           was
           replyed
           ,
           that
           the
           two
           first
           Articles
           might
           in
           some
           sort
           be
           composed
           ,
           but
           hardly
           the
           third
           ;
           for
           though
           a
           contrary
           Religion
           might
           be
           tolerated
           between
           Subjects
           of
           the
           same
           Kingdom
           ;
           yet
           between
           a
           Wife
           and
           her
           Husband
           ,
           it
           seemed
           very
           incongruous
           and
           inconvenient
           ;
           however
           the
           matter
           was
           brought
           at
           length
           to
           this
           Conclusion
           ,
           that
           if
           the
           Duke
           would
           afford
           his
           presence
           with
           the
           Queen
           at
           Divine
           Service
           ,
           and
           not
           refuse
           to
           hear
           and
           learn
           the
           Doctrine
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           he
           should
           not
           be
           compelled
           to
           use
           the
           English
           Rites
           ,
           but
           at
           his
           pleasure
           use
           the
           Roman
           ;
           not
           being
           expressly
           against
           the
           Word
           of
           God.
           But
           they
           could
           not
           accommodate
           these
           Niceties
           ;
           insomuch
           that
           the
           Treaty
           was
           quite
           broak
           off
           ,
           after
           it
           had
           continued
           almost
           a
           Year
           .
        
         
           But
           during
           these
           Occurrences
           ,
           it
           happened
           at
           Kinnaston
           in
           Herefordshire
           ,
           the
           ground
           was
           seen
           to
           open
           ,
           and
           certain
           Rocks
           
           with
           a
           piece
           of
           Ground
           removed
           ,
           and
           went
           forwards
           four
           days
           together
           ,
           carrying
           along
           great
           Trees
           and
           Sheep-Coats
           ;
           some
           with
           sixty
           Sheep
           in
           them
           ,
           and
           overthrew
           Rimnalstone
           Chappel
           :
           the
           Depth
           of
           the
           whole
           where
           it
           first
           broke
           out
           ,
           is
           thirty
           Foot
           ,
           and
           the
           bredth
           of
           the
           Breach
           ,
           sixteen
           Yards
           ;
           also
           ,
           High-ways
           were
           removed
           near
           an
           hundred
           Yards
           ,
           with
           Trees
           ,
           and
           Hedg-rows
           ,
           and
           the
           like
           .
        
         
           And
           now
           the
           Papists
           were
           plotting
           and
           contriving
           new
           Attempts
           against
           the
           Queen
           ,
           but
           they
           were
           all
           frustrated
           by
           the
           
             goodness
             of
             God
          
           ,
           and
           the
           Prudence
           of
           the
           Queen
           ,
           and
           the
           Loyalty
           and
           Zeal
           of
           her
           Ministers
           and
           Protestant
           Subjects
           .
           Amongst
           others
           of
           those
           Devillish
           Instruments
           of
           Popery
           ,
           was
           the
           Bishop
           of
           Ross
           ,
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           Ambassador
           ;
           who
           made
           it
           his
           whole
           Business
           to
           excite
           and
           stir
           up
           People
           to
           Rebellion
           .
           He
           had
           laid
           several
           Plots
           for
           seizing
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ,
           and
           freeing
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           ;
           but
           they
           all
           failed
           him
           in
           the
           Execution
           .
           But
           notwithstanding
           that
           Bishop
           had
           received
           so
           many
           checks
           for
           these
           Practices
           of
           his
           ,
           yet
           he
           continuing
           them
           to
           that
           degree
           ,
           as
           not
           only
           to
           pervert
           the
           Subjects
           
           from
           their
           Loyalty
           ,
           but
           even
           to
           Designs
           against
           the
           Queen's
           Life
           ;
           the
           Privy
           Council
           ,
           after
           mature
           Deliberation
           in
           the
           Business
           ,
           ,
           notwithstanding
           his
           Character
           ,
           thought
           fit
           he
           should
           be
           sent
           ,
           and
           kept
           close
           Prisoner
           in
           the
           Tower
           ;
           which
           was
           accordingly
           done
           ,
           :
           as
           likewise
           with
           the
           Duke
           of
           Norfolk
           ,
           who
           was
           again
           committed
           to
           the
           same
           Place
           ,
           it
           having
           been
           discovered
           by
           a
           Pacquet
           of
           Letters
           ,
           that
           he
           still
           continued
           in
           his
           Affections
           ,
           Design
           to
           marry
           ,
           and
           free
           out
           of
           Prison
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           ;
           having
           for
           that
           end
           ,
           kept
           correspondence
           with
           the
           Pope
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           Enemies
           of
           the
           Crown
           ,
           and
           traiterously
           consulted
           to
           take
           away
           the
           Queens
           Life
           ,
           and
           to
           bring
           in
           Foreign
           Forces
           to
           invade
           the
           Kingdom
           ;
           for
           which
           being
           brought
           to
           his
           Tryal
           ,
           he
           was
           found
           guilty
           by
           his
           Peers
           ,
           and
           accordingly
           beheaded
           .
        
         
           The
           Parliament
           being
           assembled
           upon
           this
           occasion
           ,
           it
           was
           Enacted
           amongst
           other
           Laws
           ,
           that
           if
           any
           man
           should
           go
           about
           to
           free
           any
           Person
           imprisoned
           by
           the
           Queens
           Commandment
           ,
           for
           Treason
           or
           Suspicion
           of
           Treason
           ,
           and
           not
           yet
           arraigned
           ,
           he
           shall
           lose
           all
           his
           Goods
           ,
           for
           
           his
           life
           time
           ,
           and
           be
           Imprisoned
           during
           the
           Queens
           Pleasure
           ,
           if
           the
           said
           Person
           having
           been
           Arraigned
           ,
           the
           Rescuer
           shall
           forfeit
           his
           Life
           ;
           if
           Condemned
           ,
           he
           shall
           be
           guilty
           of
           Rebellion
           .
        
         
           Presently
           after
           the
           Dissolution
           of
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           a
           Consultation
           was
           had
           whether
           
             John
             Story
          
           ,
           Doctor
           of
           the
           Laws
           ,
           the
           Duke
           of
           Alva's
           Searcher
           ,
           who
           some
           time
           before
           having
           been
           engaged
           to
           go
           on
           Board
           a
           Ship
           ,
           to
           search
           for
           Goods
           ,
           was
           by
           that
           piece
           of
           cunning
           brought
           into
           England
           ,
           being
           an
           English
           Man
           born
           ,
           and
           having
           in
           Brabant
           consulted
           with
           a
           Foreign
           Prince
           ,
           were
           to
           be
           held
           guilty
           of
           High
           Treason
           ;
           which
           being
           given
           in
           the
           affirmative
           ,
           by
           the
           Learned
           in
           the
           Law
           ,
           he
           was
           thereupon
           brought
           to
           his
           Tryal
           ,
           and
           Accused
           ,
           of
           having
           consulted
           with
           one
           Preshal
           a
           Conjurer
           ,
           to
           make
           away
           the
           Queen
           ,
           that
           he
           had
           Cursed
           her
           daily
           ,
           when
           he
           said
           Grace
           at
           Table
           :
           that
           he
           shewed
           a
           way
           to
           the
           Duke
           of
           Alva
           ;
           how
           to
           Invade
           England
           ,
           of
           which
           being
           found
           guilty
           ,
           he
           accordingly
           suffered
           Death
           as
           a
           Traytor
           .
        
         
         
           About
           this
           time
           
             Matthew
             Stuart
          
           ,
           Earl
           of
           Lenox
           ,
           Regent
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           and
           the
           King's
           Grandfather
           ,
           was
           surprized
           unawares
           by
           the
           Nobility
           of
           the
           adverse
           Faction
           ,
           and
           having
           yielded
           himself
           to
           
             David
             Spence
          
           of
           Wormstone
           ,
           who
           thereupon
           lost
           his
           Life
           in
           his
           Defence
           ,
           and
           they
           were
           both
           slain
           together
           by
           Bell
           and
           Chaulder
           ,
           after
           he
           had
           with
           great
           Pains
           and
           care
           governed
           the
           Kingdom
           for
           his
           Grandchild
           above
           fourteen
           Months
           ;
           and
           in
           his
           room
           was
           unanimously
           elected
           by
           the
           Kings
           Faction
           ,
           the
           Earl
           of
           Marr
           ,
           for
           Regent
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           but
           the
           place
           being
           two
           full
           of
           troubles
           for
           a
           Man
           of
           his
           quiet
           Disposition
           ,
           he
           departed
           this
           Life
           after
           he
           had
           Governed
           thirteen
           Months
           .
        
         
           Some
           few
           days
           after
           the
           Execution
           of
           the
           Duke
           of
           Norfolk
           ,
           one
           Barnes
           and
           Mather
           were
           put
           to
           Death
           ,
           for
           Conspireing
           with
           one
           Herle
           to
           take
           away
           the
           Life
           of
           certain
           Counsellours
           ,
           and
           freeing
           the
           Duke
           ;
           and
           at
           the
           same
           time
           ,
           suffered
           one
           Rolph
           for
           Counterfeiting
           the
           Queens
           hand
           .
        
         
           Shortly
           afterwhich
           ,
           the
           Queen
           conferred
           new
           Honours
           upon
           several
           of
           the
           Nobility
           
           concluded
           a
           League
           with
           the
           French
           King
           ,
           and
           sent
           several
           Persons
           to
           expostulate
           with
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           ,
           for
           that
           she
           had
           usurped
           the
           Title
           and
           Arms
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           England
           ,
           and
           had
           not
           renounced
           the
           same
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           Agreement
           of
           the
           Treaty
           of
           Edenborough
           ,
           that
           she
           had
           endeavoured
           the
           Marriage
           of
           the
           Duke
           of
           Norfolk
           ,
           without
           acquainting
           the
           Queen
           ;
           and
           had
           used
           all
           forcible
           means
           to
           free
           him
           out
           of
           Prison
           ;
           had
           raised
           the
           Rebellion
           in
           the
           North
           ;
           had
           releived
           the
           Rebells
           both
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           Low
           Countries
           ;
           had
           implored
           Aids
           from
           the
           Pope
           ,
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           ,
           and
           others
           ;
           had
           conspired
           with
           certain
           of
           the
           English
           ,
           to
           free
           her
           out
           of
           Prison
           ,
           and
           declare
           her
           Queen
           of
           England
           :
           and
           finally
           ,
           that
           she
           had
           procured
           the
           Pope's
           Bull
           against
           the
           Queen
           ,
           and
           suffered
           her self
           to
           be
           publickly
           named
           the
           Queen
           of
           England
           ,
           in
           Foreign
           Countries
           :
           all
           which
           Points
           ,
           she
           either
           denyed
           ,
           or
           endeavoured
           to
           extenuate
           .
           And
           though
           ,
           as
           she
           said
           ,
           she
           was
           a
           free
           Queen
           ,
           and
           not
           subject
           to
           any
           Creature
           ,
           yet
           she
           was
           willing
           ,
           and
           desired
           ,
           that
           she
           might
           make
           her
           personal
           Answer
           at
           the
           next
           Parliament
           .
        
         
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           Scotland
           was
           full
           of
           Civil
           Distractions
           and
           Dissentions
           ,
           the
           English
           countenancing
           the
           King's
           Party
           ,
           and
           the
           French
           the
           other
           .
           And
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           having
           made
           Complaints
           to
           the
           Queen
           ,
           by
           his
           Ambassador
           ,
           that
           the
           Low
           Country
           Rebells
           were
           entertained
           and
           harboured
           in
           England
           ;
           the
           Queen
           caused
           a
           severe
           Proclamation
           to
           be
           put
           forth
           ,
           That
           all
           the
           Dutch
           ,
           who
           could
           ,
           in
           any
           wise
           ,
           be
           suspected
           of
           Rebellion
           ,
           should
           immediately
           depart
           the
           Kingdom
           ;
           which
           proved
           rather
           disadvantageous
           than
           beneficial
           to
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           ;
           For
           ,
           
             Count
             Vander
             Marea
          
           and
           other
           of
           the
           Netherlanders
           being
           hereupon
           compelled
           out
           of
           England
           ,
           first
           seised
           upon
           the
           Brid
           ,
           and
           then
           upon
           Flushing
           ;
           the
           Surprize
           of
           which
           Places
           ,
           being
           attended
           by
           the
           Revolt
           of
           other
           Towns
           ,
           the
           Spaniards
           were
           ,
           in
           a
           short
           time
           ,
           in
           some
           kind
           ,
           excluded
           from
           the
           Sea
           ,
           and
           were
           never
           after
           able
           to
           recover
           themselves
           in
           those
           Countries
           .
        
         
           During
           these
           Transactions
           ,
           the
           French
           Ambassador
           here
           ,
           made
           Intercession
           in
           the
           behalf
           of
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           ;
           and
           likewise
           ,
           endeavoured
           to
           promote
           the
           Match
           between
           the
           Queen
           and
           the
           Duke
           
           of
           Anjou
           ,
           but
           perceiving
           that
           all
           his
           Offices
           were
           to
           no
           purpose
           ,
           he
           returned
           into
           France
           ,
           where
           he
           found
           that
           Court
           very
           much
           taken
           up
           with
           making
           Preparations
           for
           the
           Marriage
           of
           the
           King
           of
           Navarr
           with
           the
           Lady
           Margaret
           ,
           the
           French
           King's
           Sister
           .
           To
           this
           Solemnity
           were
           allured
           ,
           by
           an
           inviting
           prospect
           of
           perpetual
           Peace
           and
           Amity
           ,
           not
           only
           the
           Queen
           of
           Navarr
           ,
           and
           the
           Chief
           of
           all
           the
           Protestants
           in
           that
           Kingdom
           ;
           but
           likewise
           the
           Earl
           of
           Leicester
           ,
           and
           the
           Lord
           Burleigh
           ,
           the
           Elector
           Palatine's
           Sons
           ,
           with
           several
           of
           the
           Principal
           of
           the
           Reformed
           Party
           of
           other
           Nations
           ,
           were
           desired
           to
           be
           at
           the
           Celebration
           of
           that
           Marriage
           ,
           designing
           at
           one
           Blow
           to
           have
           cut
           down
           the
           Protestant
           Religion
           ;
           And
           though
           those
           Blood-thirsty
           Papists
           could
           not
           catch
           all
           they
           aimed
           at
           ,
           yet
           as
           soon
           as
           the
           Marriage
           was
           Solemnized
           ,
           there
           followed
           that
           Cruel
           Massacre
           of
           Paris
           ,
           and
           that
           terrible
           Butchering
           of
           the
           Hugonots
           throughout
           all
           the
           Cities
           of
           France
           :
           but
           for
           the
           extenuating
           and
           vindicating
           of
           this
           horrible
           Fact
           ,
           Proclamations
           and
           Edicts
           were
           immediately
           put
           
           forth
           ,
           whereby
           the
           Protestants
           were
           accused
           of
           a
           Conspiracy
           against
           the
           King
           and
           the
           whole
           Royal
           Family
           :
           But
           the
           French
           King
           notwithstanding
           his
           mask
           of
           Piety
           did
           not
           escape
           Divine
           Vengeance
           ;
           for
           before
           a
           year
           was
           expired
           ,
           he
           fell
           sick
           of
           a
           Bloody
           Flux
           ,
           which
           brought
           him
           to
           his
           end
           ,
           after
           long
           and
           tedious
           Torments
           .
           And
           now
           came
           the
           Head
           of
           the
           Earl
           of
           Northumberland
           to
           the
           Block
           ,
           who
           Rebelling
           ,
           and
           then
           flying
           into
           Scotland
           ,
           was
           by
           the
           Earl
           of
           Morton
           delivered
           for
           a
           Sum
           of
           Money
           to
           the
           Lord
           Hunsdon
           Governor
           of
           Berwick
           ,
           and
           was
           shortly
           after
           Executed
           at
           York
           .
        
         
           About
           this
           time
           was
           Sir
           
             William
             Cecyl
          
           Lord
           Burleigh
           ,
           promoted
           to
           be
           Lord
           High
           Treasurer
           of
           England
           ,
           upon
           the
           Decease
           of
           the
           Marquess
           of
           Winchester
           ,
           who
           a
           little
           before
           ended
           his
           days
           ,
           after
           he
           had
           lived
           Ninety
           seven
           years
           ,
           and
           had
           seen
           the
           Issue
           of
           his
           Body
           ,
           to
           the
           number
           of
           One
           hundred
           and
           three
           Persons
           .
           Not
           long
           before
           which
           was
           a
           motion
           made
           to
           the
           Queen
           in
           favour
           of
           a
           Match
           between
           her
           Majesty
           and
           the
           Duke
           of
           
           Alanzon
           ,
           the
           French
           King's
           youngest
           Brother
           ,
           which
           though
           rejected
           by
           her
           ,
           by
           reason
           he
           was
           scarce
           seventeen
           years
           old
           ,
           and
           the
           Queen
           now
           past
           eight
           and
           thirty
           ;
           yet
           Alanzon
           did
           not
           cease
           prosecuting
           the
           Suit.
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           the
           Queen
           fell
           sick
           of
           the
           Small
           Pox
           ,
           but
           recovered
           again
           ,
           before
           that
           it
           was
           known
           abroad
           that
           she
           was
           so
           ,
           attending
           the
           Affairs
           of
           Government
           ,
           taking
           Care
           to
           suppress
           several
           fresh
           Rebellions
           in
           Ireland
           ,
           and
           sending
           a
           new
           Colony
           thither
           .
           She
           also
           repaid
           ,
           with
           Thanks
           ,
           the
           Money
           she
           had
           borrowed
           of
           her
           Subjects
           ;
           and
           put
           forth
           two
           Proclamations
           ,
           by
           one
           of
           which
           ,
           she
           commanded
           the
           Noble-men
           to
           observe
           the
           Law
           ,
           in
           keeping
           Retainers
           ;
           by
           the
           other
           ,
           she
           restrained
           Informers
           ,
           who
           under
           the
           pretence
           of
           discovering
           Crown-Lands
           ,
           concealed
           by
           private
           Persons
           ,
           sacrilegiously
           seized
           upon
           the
           Lands
           of
           Parish
           Churches
           ,
           and
           Alms-Houses
           ,
           piously
           endowed
           by
           the
           Queens
           Ancestors
           .
           And
           she
           likewise
           gained
           a
           great
           deal
           of
           Love
           and
           Honor
           ,
           by
           two
           Acts
           of
           Justice
           ;
           the
           one
           ,
           That
           she
           satisfyed
           the
           English
           Merchants
           out
           of
           the
           Goods
           that
           were
           detained
           ,
           belonging
           to
           the
           Dutch
           ,
           and
           
           restored
           the
           rest
           to
           the
           Duke
           of
           Alva
           ,
           and
           made
           a
           full
           Transaction
           with
           the
           Merchants
           of
           Genoua
           ,
           for
           the
           Money
           intercepted
           ;
           the
           other
           ,
           That
           she
           free'd
           England
           ,
           at
           this
           time
           ,
           of
           the
           Debts
           which
           her
           Father
           and
           her
           Brother
           had
           contracted
           in
           Foreign
           parts
           ,
           and
           were
           encreased
           by
           yearly
           Interest
           ;
           and
           caused
           the
           Obligations
           of
           the
           City
           of
           London
           ,
           which
           had
           been
           so
           often
           renewed
           ,
           to
           be
           given
           in
           ,
           to
           the
           great
           Satisfaction
           of
           the
           Citizens
           .
        
         
           The
           Spanish
           Conduct
           in
           the
           Low
           Countries
           ,
           having
           not
           met
           with
           that
           Success
           that
           was
           expected
           ;
           on
           the
           contrary
           ,
           several
           of
           their
           Towns
           being
           lost
           ,
           all
           the
           Provinces
           ready
           for
           a
           Revolt
           ,
           and
           the
           Fleet
           they
           had
           sent
           to
           the
           Relief
           of
           the
           English
           Catholicks
           vanquished
           by
           the
           Zelanders
           ;
           and
           the
           Duke
           of
           Alva
           finding
           how
           disadvantageous
           the
           cutting
           off
           Commerce
           with
           the
           English
           ,
           had
           been
           to
           his
           Masters
           Subjects
           ,
           he
           began
           to
           treat
           the
           English
           with
           more
           Kindness
           ,
           and
           thereupon
           ,
           the
           Commerce
           was
           again
           laid
           open
           ,
           which
           had
           been
           ,
           for
           some
           Years
           ,
           prohibited
           between
           the
           English
           and
           Dutch
           ,
           for
           two
           years
           ,
           which
           term
           being
           expired
           ,
           
           the
           English
           ,
           removed
           their
           Trade
           to
           the
           Confederated
           States
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           comes
           over
           a
           French
           Ambassadour
           to
           complain
           of
           the
           assistance
           that
           the
           Queen
           gave
           to
           the
           Hugonots
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           ,
           to
           Request
           her
           Majesty
           to
           be
           Godmother
           to
           the
           French
           King's
           Daughter
           ,
           and
           to
           use
           all
           manner
           of
           Offices
           toward
           the
           promoting
           a
           Match
           between
           the
           Queen
           and
           Duke
           of
           Alanzon
           .
           Whereupon
           her
           Majesty
           sent
           the
           Earl
           of
           Worcester
           into
           France
           ,
           with
           a
           Present
           of
           a
           Font
           of
           Massy
           Gold
           ,
           and
           to
           stand
           as
           her
           Deputy
           at
           the
           Solemnity
           of
           the
           Christening
           .
           And
           now
           the
           French
           use
           all
           their
           efforts
           for
           the
           advancing
           of
           this
           Match
           ,
           desiring
           that
           the
           Duke
           of
           Alanzon
           might
           have
           leave
           to
           come
           over
           ;
           which
           after
           much
           importunity
           ,
           she
           consented
           to
           ,
           upon
           condition
           ,
           that
           he
           should
           not
           take
           it
           for
           any
           Disgrace
           ,
           should
           he
           return
           without
           obtaining
           his
           Suit
           :
           And
           that
           he
           should
           first
           procure
           a
           Peace
           in
           France
           ,
           and
           do
           something
           in
           favour
           of
           the
           Protestants
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           .
           Whereupon
           ,
           
           a
           Peace
           was
           concluded
           ,
           and
           the
           Hugonots
           allowed
           the
           Exercise
           of
           their
           Religion
           in
           certain
           Places
           .
           And
           the
           Duke
           of
           Anjou
           being
           elected
           King
           of
           Poland
           ,
           and
           resolving
           to
           go
           by
           Sea
           thither
           ,
           the
           French
           desired
           ,
           that
           he
           might
           have
           free
           Passage
           through
           the
           British
           Ocean
           ;
           which
           the
           Queen
           not
           only
           willingly
           granted
           ,
           but
           made
           Offer
           of
           a
           Fleet
           for
           the
           convoying
           him
           thither
           .
        
         
           There
           having
           been
           no
           Regent
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           ever
           since
           the
           Earl
           of
           Marre's
           Death
           ,
           
             James
             Douglas
          
           ,
           Earl
           of
           Morton
           ,
           was
           now
           made
           Regent
           ,
           by
           the
           Procurement
           of
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           ,
           and
           was
           continued
           and
           maintained
           by
           the
           Authority
           and
           Power
           of
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           ,
           maugre
           all
           the
           Practices
           of
           the
           Papists
           ,
           and
           the
           French
           against
           him
           .
           This
           Regent
           enacted
           many
           profitable
           Laws
           for
           the
           Defence
           of
           Religion
           against
           Papists
           and
           Hereticks
           ,
           in
           the
           King's
           Name
           .
           But
           ,
           the
           Protection
           and
           keeping
           of
           the
           King's
           Person
           ,
           he
           confirmed
           to
           
             Alexander
             Ereskin
          
           ,
           Earl
           of
           Marre
           (
           to
           whom
           the
           Custody
           of
           the
           Kings
           ,
           in
           their
           tender
           years
           ,
           belongeth
           by
           a
           particular
           
           Priviledge
           )
           though
           he
           were
           in
           his
           Minority
           :
           And
           now
           the
           Regent
           meeting
           with
           some
           Opposition
           through
           the
           Practices
           of
           the
           French
           ,
           he
           implored
           Aid
           of
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ,
           which
           she
           granting
           him
           ,
           he
           therewith
           overcame
           his
           and
           the
           Kingdom
           's
           Enemies
           ,
           and
           brought
           that
           Realm
           into
           a
           very
           setled
           and
           quiet
           Posture
           .
        
         
           About
           this
           time
           ,
           the
           Bishop
           of
           Rosse
           was
           let
           out
           of
           Prison
           ,
           but
           expelled
           England
           ;
           and
           being
           abroad
           ,
           he
           continued
           his
           Sollicitations
           to
           the
           Pope
           and
           all
           Catholick
           Princes
           ,
           in
           favour
           of
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           ,
           his
           Mistress
           ,
           from
           all
           whom
           he
           received
           fair
           Promises
           ,
           but
           no
           Performances
           .
           And
           indeed
           he
           had
           lost
           the
           main
           support
           of
           his
           Hopes
           in
           the
           Duke
           of
           Alva
           ,
           who
           about
           that
           time
           was
           recall'd
           from
           his
           Government
           of
           the
           Low
           Countreys
           ,
           both
           for
           that
           he
           was
           grown
           too
           Great
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           People
           there
           had
           a
           Mortal
           Aversion
           for
           his
           Person
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           his
           Cruelty
           .
           He
           was
           succeeded
           by
           Requesens
           ,
           a
           man
           of
           a
           milder
           Spirit
           ,
           minding
           his
           own
           ,
           not
           concerning
           himself
           with
           either
           English
           or
           Scottish
           Affairs
           ,
           but
           endeavoured
           to
           oblige
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           by
           all
           manner
           of
           good
           Offices
           .
        
         
         
           Now
           again
           broke
           out
           several
           new
           Rebellions
           in
           Ireland
           ,
           but
           were
           suppressed
           by
           the
           care
           and
           Industry
           of
           the
           Queen's
           Ministers
           and
           Officers
           there
           .
           But
           they
           had
           raised
           a
           desire
           in
           
             Walter
             Devereux
          
           ,
           Earl
           of
           Essex
           ,
           to
           go
           against
           them
           ,
           which
           being
           opposed
           by
           Sir
           
             William
             Fitz-Williams
          
           ,
           Deputy
           of
           Ireland
           ,
           an
           Expedient
           was
           found
           out
           by
           the
           Queen
           ,
           by
           appointing
           Essex
           to
           take
           a
           Patent
           of
           the
           Deputy
           ;
           which
           having
           accordingly
           done
           ,
           he
           went
           into
           Ireland
           with
           some
           Forces
           ;
           but
           not
           meeting
           with
           the
           Success
           he
           had
           promised
           himself
           ,
           he
           long
           sollicited
           ,
           and
           at
           length
           obtained
           leave
           to
           return
           home
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           the
           King
           of
           Navarre
           and
           the
           Duke
           of
           Alanzon
           ,
           a
           Pretender
           to
           the
           Queen
           ,
           being
           suspected
           by
           the
           Queen
           Mother
           of
           France
           ,
           of
           some
           Designs
           against
           her
           Authority
           ,
           were
           put
           under
           Confinement
           :
           whereupon
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           sent
           an
           Envoy
           to
           sollicit
           their
           Reconciliation
           and
           Liberty
           .
           But
           now
           Charles
           the
           French
           King
           dying
           ,
           he
           was
           succeeded
           by
           his
           Brother
           Henry
           the
           Third
           ;
           who
           having
           left
           the
           Throne
           of
           Poland
           ,
           and
           being
           returned
           into
           his
           own
           Countrey
           ,
           my
           Lord
           North
           was
           sent
           Ambassador
           
           to
           congratulate
           his
           Arrival
           ,
           and
           Inauguration
           into
           his
           Kingdom
           :
           who
           ,
           in
           return
           ,
           sent
           a
           Person
           with
           the
           same
           Character
           hither
           ,
           but
           whose
           chief
           Errand
           was
           to
           make
           strong
           Intercessions
           in
           the
           King
           's
           and
           Queen
           Mothers
           name
           ,
           in
           Favour
           of
           the
           Match
           between
           her
           Majesty
           ,
           and
           the
           Duke
           of
           Alanzon
           .
           But
           notwithstanding
           all
           the
           Kindness
           that
           passed
           between
           these
           two
           Courts
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           League
           of
           Blois
           was
           now
           again
           confirmed
           and
           ratifyed
           by
           both
           Crowns
           ,
           yet
           the
           French
           continued
           their
           Practices
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           in
           favour
           of
           the
           
             Queen
             of
             Scots
          
           ;
           endeavoured
           to
           have
           got
           that
           King
           over
           into
           France
           ,
           contrived
           how
           to
           deprive
           Morton
           the
           Regent
           ,
           of
           his
           Authority
           ;
           and
           the
           French
           King
           having
           demanded
           ,
           by
           Letters
           ,
           whether
           the
           mutual
           Defence
           mentioned
           in
           the
           League
           ,
           was
           intended
           to
           comprehend
           the
           Case
           of
           Religion
           also
           ?
           Which
           the
           Queen
           answering
           in
           the
           Affirmative
           ,
           he
           immediately
           began
           to
           prepare
           for
           War
           against
           the
           Protestants
           ;
           and
           Alanzon
           being
           engaged
           in
           the
           adverse
           Party
           ,
           there
           was
           no
           Talk
           of
           a
           Match
           for
           a
           long
           time
           .
        
         
         
           During
           these
           Occurrences
           ,
           Requesens
           the
           Spanish
           Governour
           of
           the
           Low
           Countries
           ,
           finding
           how
           much
           his
           Predecessors
           neglect
           of
           Marine
           Affairs
           was
           prejudicial
           to
           his
           Master's
           Interests
           ,
           he
           made
           his
           Request
           to
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           ,
           that
           he
           might
           take
           up
           Ships
           and
           Marriners
           ,
           for
           his
           Majesties
           Service
           :
           That
           the
           English
           Fugitives
           ,
           in
           the
           Low
           Countries
           ,
           might
           serve
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           against
           the
           Hollanders
           ,
           and
           have
           free
           Access
           to
           the
           Ports
           of
           England
           ;
           and
           that
           the
           Dutch
           ,
           who
           were
           Rebells
           against
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           ,
           might
           be
           banished
           England
           .
           But
           ,
           for
           several
           Reasons
           ,
           she
           thought
           not
           fit
           to
           grant
           any
           of
           these
           Particulars
           ;
           yet
           to
           preserve
           inviolate
           the
           old
           Burgundian
           League
           ,
           she
           put
           out
           a
           Proclamation
           ,
           wherein
           she
           commanded
           ,
           that
           the
           Ships
           of
           the
           Dutch
           ,
           that
           were
           made
           ready
           ,
           should
           not
           go
           forth
           of
           the
           Haven
           ;
           nor
           yet
           ,
           the
           Dutch
           who
           had
           taken
           up
           Arms
           against
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           ,
           enter
           into
           the
           Ports
           of
           England
           ,
           and
           by
           Name
           ,
           the
           Prince
           of
           Orange
           ,
           and
           fifty
           other
           of
           the
           principal
           of
           that
           Faction
           .
           In
           Return
           of
           which
           Favour
           ,
           the
           
           English
           Seminary
           at
           Doway
           was
           dissolved
           ,
           and
           the
           Earl
           of
           Westmerland
           ,
           and
           other
           English
           Fugitives
           were
           Banished
           the
           Dominions
           of
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           the
           Prince
           of
           Orange
           and
           the
           Confederated
           States
           finding
           their
           Forces
           too
           small
           to
           oppose
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           ,
           they
           consulted
           to
           whose
           Protection
           they
           might
           most
           securely
           betake
           themselves
           .
           The
           French
           they
           saw
           then
           engaged
           in
           a
           Civil
           War
           ,
           the
           Princes
           of
           Germany
           were
           loath
           to
           part
           with
           their
           Money
           ,
           could
           seldom
           agree
           amongst
           themselves
           ,
           and
           were
           not
           altogether
           of
           a
           mind
           with
           them
           in
           Religion
           :
           whereupon
           knowing
           none
           more
           powerful
           nor
           capable
           of
           protecting
           them
           than
           England
           ,
           they
           sent
           an
           Honorable
           Embassy
           of
           several
           Persons
           to
           the
           Queen
           ,
           offering
           her
           the
           Soveraignty
           of
           Holland
           and
           Zealand
           ;
           forasmuch
           as
           she
           was
           descended
           from
           the
           Earls
           of
           Holland
           ,
           by
           Philippa
           ,
           Wife
           of
           Edward
           the
           Third
           ,
           Daughter
           of
           William
           of
           Bavaria
           ,
           Count
           of
           Hannonia
           and
           Holland
           :
           by
           whose
           other
           Sister
           the
           Hereditary
           Right
           of
           those
           Provinces
           came
           to
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           .
           Of
           this
           Offer
           the
           Queen
           took
           time
           to
           consider
           ,
           and
           after
           mature
           deliberation
           ,
           
           she
           made
           answer
           ,
           after
           that
           she
           had
           thanked
           them
           for
           their
           good
           Intentions
           towards
           her
           ;
           that
           she
           held
           nothing
           more
           glorious
           than
           Justice
           ,
           that
           as
           she
           could
           not
           with
           the
           safety
           of
           her
           Honour
           and
           Conscience
           receive
           those
           Provinces
           into
           her
           Protection
           ,
           much
           less
           assume
           them
           into
           her
           Possession
           ;
           yet
           she
           would
           use
           her
           endeavours
           with
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           ,
           that
           a
           good
           Peace
           might
           be
           concluded
           .
        
         
           Shortly
           after
           Requesens
           dying
           ,
           the
           States
           of
           the
           several
           Provinces
           took
           upon
           them
           the
           ancient
           Administration
           of
           the
           Government
           ,
           which
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           was
           fain
           to
           Confirm
           unto
           them
           ,
           till
           such
           time
           as
           John
           of
           Austria
           was
           arrived
           ,
           whom
           he
           designed
           for
           a
           Successor
           to
           Requesens
           .
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           the
           Queen
           by
           her
           Ministers
           endeavoured
           to
           compose
           Matters
           in
           those
           Countries
           ;
           but
           the
           minds
           of
           the
           Factions
           were
           so
           exasperated
           against
           one
           another
           ,
           that
           all
           her
           efforts
           in
           that
           kind
           proved
           Abortive
           .
           Yet
           he
           continued
           to
           intercede
           with
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           in
           their
           behalf
           ;
           and
           the
           Ambassador
           she
           sent
           for
           this
           purpose
           to
           that
           Court
           ,
           finding
           that
           that
           King's
           Ministers
           would
           not
           admit
           in
           
           the
           Queens
           Title
           the
           Attribute
           of
           
             Defender
             of
             the
             Faith
          
           ,
           he
           demanded
           it
           with
           that
           Courage
           and
           Prudence
           ,
           that
           he
           thereby
           gained
           the
           favour
           of
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           himself
           ,
           who
           desired
           him
           that
           the
           Queen
           might
           know
           nothing
           of
           this
           Dispute
           ,
           and
           gave
           severe
           Command
           that
           the
           Title
           should
           be
           admitted
           .
        
         
           About
           this
           time
           there
           happened
           some
           disorders
           upon
           the
           Borders
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           which
           having
           been
           favoured
           by
           the
           Ministers
           of
           the
           Regent
           ,
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           would
           in
           no
           wise
           be
           satisfied
           until
           the
           Regent
           himself
           came
           into
           England
           to
           make
           his
           Submissions
           to
           the
           Earl
           of
           Huntingdon
           ,
           the
           English
           Commissioner
           .
        
         
           Much
           about
           the
           same
           time
           the
           Earl
           of
           Essex
           received
           a
           great
           affront
           ,
           for
           amidst
           his
           great
           Exploits
           and
           Victory
           in
           Ireland
           ,
           through
           the
           Practises
           of
           his
           Enemies
           at
           Court
           ;
           He
           was
           of
           a
           sudden
           recalled
           home
           ,
           and
           ordered
           to
           resign
           his
           Authority
           in
           Ulster
           .
           But
           Leicester
           being
           jealous
           of
           his
           Presence
           at
           Court
           ,
           caused
           him
           to
           be
           sent
           back
           thither
           with
           the
           empty
           Title
           of
           
             Earl
             Marshal
          
           of
           Ireland
           ;
           for
           grief
           whereof
           he
           fell
           into
           a
           Bloody
           Flux
           ,
           and
           ended
           his
           days
           in
           grievous
           Torments
           ,
           
           but
           not
           without
           suspicion
           of
           Poyson
           ,
           by
           the
           Earl
           of
           Leicester's
           means
           ,
           for
           that
           he
           had
           marryed
           his
           Widdow
           immediately
           after
           his
           Death
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           the
           Confusions
           increased
           in
           the
           Low
           Countries
           ,
           which
           the
           Queen
           endeavoured
           very
           much
           to
           remedy
           ,
           and
           though
           the
           States
           had
           offered
           themselves
           to
           the
           French
           ,
           yet
           she
           sent
           them
           twenty
           Thousand
           Pounds
           Sterling
           ,
           upon
           Condition
           ,
           they
           should
           neither
           call
           in
           the
           French
           into
           the
           Low
           Countries
           ,
           nor
           change
           their
           Prince
           nor
           their
           Religion
           ,
           nor
           refuse
           a
           Peace
           ,
           in
           case
           it
           were
           offered
           by
           
             Don
             John
          
           of
           Austria
           ,
           upon
           reasonable
           Conditions
           .
           And
           that
           Governour
           being
           now
           arrived
           ,
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           sent
           a
           Person
           of
           Quality
           to
           congratulate
           his
           coming
           thither
           ,
           and
           to
           offer
           him
           her
           assistance
           ,
           if
           the
           States
           called
           in
           the
           French
           into
           the
           Low-Countries
           .
        
         
           The
           Seas
           being
           now
           extreamly
           infested
           with
           Pyrates
           ,
           the
           Queen
           caused
           several
           Men
           of
           War
           to
           put
           forth
           to
           scoure
           them
           ;
           which
           they
           did
           to
           that
           purpose
           ,
           as
           to
           take
           Two
           Hundred
           of
           them
           ,
           and
           to
           put
           them
           
           in
           Prisons
           all
           along
           the
           Coast.
           She
           likewise
           caused
           the
           Zelanders
           to
           make
           Restitution
           and
           Satisfaction
           of
           the
           English
           Goods
           they
           had
           taken
           and
           confiscated
           .
           And
           now
           all
           the
           World
           courting
           the
           Prosperity
           of
           England
           ,
           and
           the
           prudent
           Conduct
           of
           it's
           Queen
           ,
           the
           Portugals
           requested
           ,
           that
           the
           Commerce
           might
           be
           restored
           ,
           that
           had
           been
           now
           for
           some
           time
           prohibited
           between
           the
           two
           Nations
           ;
           and
           the
           Conditions
           which
           they
           offered
           ,
           and
           were
           accepted
           ,
           were
           as
           much
           or
           more
           to
           the
           English
           ,
           as
           their
           Advantage
           About
           the
           same
           time
           ,
           
             Martin
             Forbisher
             ▪
          
           undertook
           a
           Voyage
           for
           the
           discovery
           of
           the
           Northern
           passage
           to
           Cathaia
           but
           his
           ,
           and
           that
           which
           was
           undertaken
           two
           years
           after
           for
           the
           same
           purpose
           ▪
           proved
           in
           vain
           .
           And
           now
           ,
           a
           great
           Friend
           and
           Ally
           of
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth's
          
           ,
           the
           Emperour
           Maximilian
           ,
           being
           dead
           ,
           she
           sent
           Sir
           
             Philip
             Sidney
          
           to
           his
           Son
           
             Rodolphus
             ▪
          
           to
           condole
           his
           Fathers
           Death
           ,
           and
           congratulate
           his
           Succession
           ,
           causing
           the
           same
           Offices
           to
           be
           done
           with
           the
           surviving
           Son
           of
           the
           then
           newly
           deceased
           Electo●
           Palatine
           .
        
         
         
           In
           Ireland
           ,
           fresh
           Rebellions
           breaking
           out
           about
           this
           time
           ,
           the
           prudent
           Conduct
           of
           the
           Queen
           and
           her
           Ministers
           ,
           was
           such
           ,
           that
           all
           those
           Commotions
           were
           suddenly
           suppressed
           ,
           and
           that
           Nation
           brought
           to
           a
           greater
           Subjection
           than
           it
           had
           ever
           been
           before
           ;
           but
           her
           Ministers
           proceeding
           to
           lay
           new
           Taxes
           ,
           she
           gave
           Order
           for
           the
           moderating
           them
           ,
           ●aying
           ,
           that
           she
           would
           have
           her
           Subjects
           shorne
           ,
           not
           devoured
           .
        
         
           But
           ,
           the
           Papists
           still
           continuing
           their
           Practices
           against
           her
           Majesty
           ,
           had
           perswaded
           
             Don
             John
          
           of
           Austria
           to
           endeavour
           the
           Escape
           of
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           ;
           which
           ,
           when
           he
           should
           have
           procured
           ,
           he
           was
           to
           have
           marryed
           her
           ,
           and
           thereupon
           ,
           have
           demanded
           as
           well
           England
           as
           Scotland
           ,
           in
           Right
           of
           his
           Wife
           .
           But
           this
           Plot
           and
           all
           the
           Contrivances
           to
           bring
           it
           about
           ,
           being
           discovered
           by
           the
           Prince
           of
           Orange
           ,
           to
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           ;
           she
           thereupon
           entred
           into
           a
           Defensive
           League
           with
           the
           States
           of
           the
           Low
           Countries
           .
           After
           which
           ,
           some
           Forces
           were
           sent
           over
           thither
           ,
           with
           whom
           ,
           flocked
           several
           Volunteers
           of
           Quality
           .
           Casimir
           the
           Elector
           Palatine's
           Son
           came
           likewise
           thither
           ,
           with
           
           an
           Army
           of
           German
           Horse
           and
           Foot
           ,
           at
           the
           Queen's
           Charges
           .
           These
           Forces
           were
           unexpectedly
           attacqued
           by
           
             Don
             John
          
           ,
           at
           the
           Head
           of
           a
           great
           and
           experienc'd
           Army
           ,
           assisted
           by
           the
           Prince
           of
           Parma
           ,
           and
           other
           the
           best
           Commanders
           of
           the
           Spanish
           Monarchy
           ;
           and
           though
           they
           had
           expected
           a
           certain
           Victory
           ,
           yet
           after
           an
           obstinate
           Fight
           ,
           they
           were
           compelled
           to
           retreat
           :
           but
           rallying
           again
           ,
           they
           thought
           to
           have
           surprized
           the
           English
           and
           Scottish
           Volunteers
           ,
           but
           were
           again
           repulsed
           by
           them
           ,
           and
           the
           English
           and
           Scots
           were
           so
           fiery
           in
           this
           Engagement
           ,
           that
           ,
           casting
           away
           their
           Garments
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           hot
           Weather
           ,
           they
           fought
           in
           their
           Shirts
           ,
           which
           they
           made
           fast
           about
           them
           .
        
         
           Before
           this
           Action
           ,
           
             Don
             John
          
           had
           sent
           to
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           ,
           to
           complain
           of
           disobedience
           in
           the
           States
           .
           The
           Spaniard
           himself
           having
           done
           the
           same
           ,
           and
           likewise
           the
           French-man
           ,
           of
           his
           Hugonot
           Subjects
           .
           Thus
           sate
           this
           Queen
           as
           an
           Heroical
           Princess
           and
           Umpire
           between
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           the
           French
           ,
           and
           the
           States
           ;
           insomuch
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           true
           what
           one
           hath
           Written
           ,
           that
           France
           and
           
           
             Spain
             were
             the
             Scales
             in
             the
             ballance
             of
          
           Europe
           ,
           and
           England
           
             the
             Beam
             to
             turn
             them
             either
             way
             :
          
           For
           whom
           she
           assisted
           ,
           did
           ever
           play
           the
           Master
           .
        
         
           Now
           though
           Embassadours
           come
           from
           the
           Queen
           of
           England
           ,
           the
           Emperour
           ,
           and
           the
           French
           King
           into
           the
           Low
           Countries
           ,
           with
           Proposals
           of
           Peace
           ,
           yet
           their
           Negotiation
           proved
           to
           no
           purpose
           ,
           for
           that
           
             Don
             John
          
           refused
           to
           admit
           the
           Protestant
           Religion
           ,
           and
           the
           Prince
           of
           Orange
           refused
           to
           return
           into
           Holland
           .
           But
           shortly
           after
           ,
           
             Don
             John
          
           Dyed
           in
           the
           flower
           of
           his
           Age
           ,
           some
           say
           of
           the
           Pestilence
           ,
           others
           of
           grief
           ,
           both
           for
           his
           being
           out
           of
           favour
           with
           the
           Spanish
           King
           ,
           and
           for
           that
           ,
           his
           Ambition
           had
           been
           disappointed
           ;
           first
           ,
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           Tunis
           ,
           and
           afterwards
           of
           that
           of
           England
           .
        
         
           In
           Scotland
           began
           again
           new
           Commotions
           ,
           for
           the
           People
           having
           conceived
           a
           great
           Aversion
           against
           the
           Lord
           Morton
           ,
           the
           Regent
           ,
           the
           Nobility
           unanimously
           resolved
           to
           transfer
           the
           Administration
           of
           the
           Government
           upon
           the
           King
           ,
           though
           then
           but
           Twelve
           
           years
           old
           ,
           appointing
           him
           a
           Council
           of
           twelve
           of
           the
           Principal
           Lords
           ,
           three
           of
           whom
           were
           to
           attend
           him
           a
           Month
           by
           course
           .
           Hereupon
           the
           King
           sent
           an
           Ambassador
           to
           Queen
           Elisabeth
           ,
           who
           was
           dismissed
           with
           satisfaction
           in
           most
           of
           the
           Points
           he
           came
           about
           :
           but
           the
           Lord
           Morton
           ,
           not
           being
           able
           to
           brook
           the
           Disgrace
           of
           being
           put
           from
           the
           Regency
           ,
           taketh
           the
           Administration
           of
           all
           Affairs
           to
           himself
           ;
           which
           so
           provoked
           the
           Nobility
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           ,
           that
           they
           raised
           a
           great
           Army
           ,
           and
           were
           ready
           to
           fight
           him
           and
           his
           Forces
           ,
           when
           ,
           through
           the
           Intercession
           of
           Sir
           
             Robert
             Bowes
          
           ,
           the
           English
           Ambassador
           ,
           things
           were
           accommodated
           for
           the
           present
           .
        
         
           And
           now
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           and
           the
           Pope
           conspire
           the
           utter
           Ruine
           ,
           as
           they
           imagined
           ,
           of
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ,
           having
           taken
           all
           the
           necessary
           Measures
           for
           an
           Invasion
           of
           England
           and
           Ireland
           ;
           But
           
             Don
             Sebastian
          
           ,
           King
           of
           Portugal
           ,
           being
           to
           Head
           this
           Enterprize
           ,
           was
           killed
           in
           the
           memorable
           Battel
           ,
           wherein
           three
           Kings
           were
           slain
           in
           Africa
           ;
           whereupon
           the
           King
           of
           Spain's
           Thoughts
           and
           Forces
           were
           wholly
           taken
           up
           how
           to
           secure
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           Portugal
           to
           himself
           .
        
         
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           the
           Duke
           of
           Alanzon
           renews
           his
           Suit
           to
           the
           Queen
           ,
           sending
           over
           several
           French
           Lords
           to
           sollicit
           in
           his
           behalf
           :
           and
           amongst
           the
           rest
           ,
           one
           Simier
           ,
           who
           had
           the
           Reputation
           of
           a
           great
           Courtier
           ,
           and
           one
           who
           understood
           the
           Art
           of
           Love
           ,
           better
           than
           any
           one
           Person
           of
           his
           time
           ;
           and
           indeed
           ,
           he
           seemed
           to
           have
           made
           such
           Advances
           in
           his
           Negotiation
           ,
           as
           made
           several
           of
           the
           other
           Pretenders
           jealous
           ,
           and
           caused
           the
           Earl
           of
           Leicester
           to
           report
           ,
           that
           this
           French-man
           crept
           into
           the
           Queens
           Affections
           by
           Love
           Potions
           and
           unlawful
           Arts
           ,
           for
           which
           ,
           and
           other
           Speeches
           ,
           and
           his
           being
           married
           to
           the
           Earl
           of
           Essex
           his
           Widow
           ,
           he
           was
           confined
           to
           the
           Castle
           of
           Greenwich
           ,
           and
           had
           it
           not
           been
           for
           the
           Earl
           of
           Sussex
           ,
           though
           his
           greatest
           Adversary
           ,
           he
           had
           been
           committed
           to
           the
           Tower
           :
           But
           this
           course
           so
           provoked
           the
           Earl
           of
           Leicester
           ,
           and
           there
           were
           such
           suspicions
           of
           a
           Design
           of
           murdering
           Simier
           ,
           that
           the
           Queen
           put
           out
           a
           Proclamation
           ,
           commanding
           ,
           that
           no
           Person
           should
           offer
           Injury
           to
           the
           Ambassador
           ,
           or
           any
           of
           his
           Servants
           .
           Yet
           it
           happening
           at
           that
           time
           ,
           that
           the
           Queen
           going
           in
           her
           Barge
           with
           Simier
           ,
           and
           some
           English
           Noblemen
           
           to
           Greenwich
           ,
           a
           young
           Fellow
           ,
           shooting
           off
           a
           Musket
           ,
           shot
           one
           of
           the
           Rowers
           in
           the
           Barge
           ,
           through
           the
           Arm
           with
           a
           Bullet
           ,
           for
           which
           he
           was
           immediately
           carried
           to
           the
           Gallows
           ;
           yet
           upon
           Solemn
           Protestation
           that
           he
           did
           it
           unwillingly
           ,
           and
           with
           no
           ill
           intent
           ,
           he
           was
           let
           go
           ,
           and
           pardoned
           .
           And
           notwithstanding
           all
           that
           was
           suggested
           to
           the
           Queen
           ,
           yet
           she
           was
           so
           far
           from
           suspecting
           her
           Subjects
           ,
           that
           she
           frequently
           said
           ,
           
             She
             would
             not
             believe
             any
             thing
             against
             them
             ,
             which
             a
             Mother
             would
             not
             believe
             against
             her
             Children
             .
          
           Within
           a
           few
           days
           after
           which
           Accident
           ,
           the
           Duke
           of
           Alanzon
           himself
           came
           incognito
           into
           England
           ,
           and
           unexpected
           by
           the
           Queen
           ;
           with
           whom
           ,
           having
           had
           some
           private
           Conferences
           ,
           he
           returned
           back
           to
           France
           ;
           and
           within
           a
           Month
           or
           two
           after
           his
           Departure
           ,
           the
           Queen
           appointed
           Commissioners
           to
           treat
           with
           Simier
           ,
           concerning
           the
           Articles
           of
           the
           Marriage
           .
        
         
           The
           King
           of
           Spain
           having
           constituted
           the
           Prince
           of
           Parma
           Governour
           of
           the
           Low
           Countries
           ,
           
             Qu.
             Elizabeth
          
           supplyeth
           the
           States
           with
           a
           great
           Sum
           of
           Money
           ;
           for
           which
           ,
           
             William
             Davison
          
           brought
           into
           England
           the
           ancient
           pretious
           Habiliments
           of
           the
           Family
           of
           Burgundy
           ,
           and
           their
           costly
           Vessels
           laid
           to
           Pawn
           ,
           by
           Matthew
           of
           Austria
           ,
           and
           the
           States
           .
           And
           about
           this
           time
           ,
           Sir
           
             William
             Drury
          
           succeeded
           in
           the
           Deputiship
           of
           Ireland
           ,
           to
           Sir
           
             Henry
             Sidney
          
           ,
           who
           had
           been
           eleven
           years
           Deputy
           of
           Ireland
           ,
           at
           several
           times
           .
        
         
         
           And
           Casimir
           ,
           Son
           to
           the
           Elector
           Palatine
           of
           the
           Rhine
           ,
           came
           into
           England
           ;
           and
           after
           he
           had
           been
           magnificentl●
           entertained
           ,
           he
           was
           made
           Knight
           of
           the
           Garter
           ,
           and
           dismissed
           with
           a
           yearly
           Pension
           .
           And
           the
           Queen
           ,
           having
           procured
           of
           the
           Grand
           Seignieur
           a
           full
           Liberty
           for
           her
           .
           Subjects
           to-trade
           in
           all
           the
           Territories
           of
           Turkey
           ,
           a
           Company
           of
           Turkey
           Merchants
           was
           first
           set
           up
           about
           that
           time
           ;
           who
           carried
           on
           a
           great
           and
           most
           advantagious
           ▪
           Trade
           in
           the
           several
           Parts
           of
           his
           vast
           Dominions
           .
        
         
           Hereupon
           ,
           followed
           the
           Death
           of
           Sir
           
             Nicholas
             Bacon
          
           ,
           Lord
           Keeper
           of
           the
           Great
           Seal
           ;
           in
           whose
           place
           ,
           succeeded
           Sir
           
             Thomas
             Bromley
          
           ,
           with
           the
           Title
           of
           Lord
           Chancellor
           of
           England
           .
           And
           now
           broke
           out
           new
           Rebellions
           in
           Ireland
           ,
           the
           Natives
           thereof
           being
           thereunto
           stirred
           up
           by
           the
           Pope
           and
           his
           Adherents
           :
           During
           which
           ,
           Sir
           
             William
             Drury
          
           dying
           ,
           Arthur
           Lord
           Gray
           was
           made
           Deputy
           in
           his
           stead
           .
           And
           now
           the
           Pope
           having
           bestowed
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           Ireland
           upon
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           ,
           for
           that
           Qu.
           Elizabeth
           ,
           forsooth
           ,
           had
           forfeited
           her
           Right
           by
           being
           an
           Heretick
           ;
           great
           Forces
           were
           sent
           into
           that
           Kingdom
           ;
           
           both
           of
           Spaniards
           and
           Italians
           ,
           for
           to
           assist
           the
           Rebells
           in
           driving
           and
           expelling
           the
           English
           from
           thence
           ;
           and
           though
           the
           Rebells
           and
           their
           Auxiliaries
           ,
           had
           the
           advantage
           in
           some
           Rencounters
           ,
           yet
           they
           were
           at
           length
           ,
           totally
           routed
           by
           the
           English
           ,
           and
           the
           Irish
           hanged
           ,
           and
           the
           Spaniards
           and
           Italians
           put
           to
           the
           Sword.
           And
           no
           less
           successful
           were
           the
           English
           in
           the
           Low
           Countries
           ,
           where
           
             John
             Norris
          
           and
           
             Oliver
             Temple
          
           ,
           English
           Commanders
           ,
           being
           joyned
           with
           some
           Companies
           of
           Dutch
           ,
           attacked
           early
           one
           Morning
           ,
           the
           wealthy
           ,
           strong
           ,
           and
           large
           City
           of
           Mecklyn
           ,
           in
           Brabant
           ;
           and
           after
           some
           Opposition
           ,
           took
           it
           .
           Not
           long
           before
           these
           Occurrences
           ,
           dyed
           Sir
           
             Thomas
             Gresham
          
           ,
           who
           ,
           besides
           the
           
             Royal
             Exchange
          
           ,
           and
           other
           publick
           Structures
           ,
           dedicated
           to
           the
           Profession
           -
           of
           Learning
           ,
           a
           fair
           House
           of
           his
           in
           the
           City
           ,
           since
           called
           Gresham
           Colledge
           ;
           constituting
           therein
           ,
           Lectures
           of
           Divinity
           ,
           Civil
           Law
           ,
           Physick
           ,
           Astronomy
           ,
           Geometry
           ,
           and
           Rhetorick
           ,
           with
           reasonable
           Stipends
           .
        
         
           And
           now
           the
           English
           Seminaries
           abroad
           ,
           who
           were
           incited
           to
           maintain
           and
           inculcate
           ,
           That
           the
           Pope
           hath
           such
           Fullness
           
           of
           Power
           ,
           by
           Divine
           Right
           ,
           over
           the
           whole
           World
           ,
           both
           in
           Ecclesiastical
           and
           Divine
           Matters
           ,
           that
           by
           virtue
           thereof
           it
           is
           lawful
           for
           him
           to
           excommunicate
           Kings
           ,
           absolve
           their
           Subjects
           from
           their
           Oath
           of
           Allegiance
           ,
           and
           deprive
           them
           of
           their
           Kingdoms
           :
           And
           now
           I
           say
           ,
           those
           Seminaries
           began
           to
           spawn
           out
           Instruments
           into
           all
           Parts
           ,
           for
           the
           teaching
           and
           inculcating
           this
           Doctrine
           ;
           and
           ,
           amongst
           others
           ,
           came
           the
           Jesuits
           ,
           Parsons
           and
           Compian
           ,
           into
           England
           ,
           who
           spoke
           to
           the
           Papists
           so
           venemously
           of
           the
           Queen
           ,
           and
           of
           deposing
           her
           ,
           that
           the
           Papists
           themselves
           did
           design
           to
           have
           discovered
           them
           .
           Whereupon
           ,
           for
           that
           these
           and
           several
           more
           of
           that
           wicked
           Tribe
           ,
           lay
           lurking
           ,
           and
           in
           Masquerade
           ,
           stirring
           up
           People
           to
           Rebellion
           ,
           and
           using
           all
           manner
           of
           abominable
           Machinations
           against
           the
           Queen
           and
           her
           Authority
           ;
           her
           Majesty
           thought
           fit
           ,
           to
           put
           out
           a
           Proclamation
           ,
           wherein
           she
           declareth
           ,
           
             That
             she
             had
             attempted
             nothing
             against
             any
             Prince
             ,
             but
             for
             Preservation
             of
             her
             own
             Kingdom
             ;
             nor
             had
             invaded
             the
             Provinces
             of
             any
             other
             ,
             though
             she
             had
             sundry
             times
             thereunto
             been
             provoked
             ,
             
             by
             injuries
             ,
             and
             invited
             by
             opportunities
             .
             If
             any
             Princes
             do
             assail
             her
             ,
             she
             doubteth
             not
             but
             to
             be
             able
             (
             by
             the
             favour
             of
             God
             )
             to
             defend
             her
             People
             ,
             and
             to
             that
             purpose
             she
             had
             mustered
             her
             Forces
             both
             by
             Sea
             and
             Land
             ,
             and
             had
             now
             made
             them
             ready
             against
             Hostile
             Invasions
             .
             Her
             faithful
             Subjects
             she
             exhorteth
             to
             continue
             unmoveable
             in
             their
             Allegiance
             and
             Duty
             towards
             God
             and
             their
             Prince
             ,
             the
             Minister
             of
             God.
             The
             rest
             which
             had
             shaken
             off
             their
             Love
             to
             their
             Countrey
             ,
             and
             their
             Obedience
             to
             their
             Prince
             ,
             she
             commandeth
             to
             carry
             themselves
             modestly
             ,
             and
             not
             to
             provoke
             the
             severity
             of
             Justice
             :
             For
             she
             would
             no
             longer
             offend
             in
             such
             sort
             ,
             that
             by
             sparing
             the
             bad
             ,
             she
             should
             be
             cruel
             against
             her self
             and
             her
             good
             Subjects
             .
          
        
         
           About
           this
           time
           it
           was
           that
           Captain
           Drake
           returned
           home
           from
           his
           extraordinary
           Voyage
           round
           the
           World.
           He
           was
           a
           Person
           Born
           of
           mean
           Parentage
           in
           Devonshire
           ,
           his
           Father
           being
           Persecuted
           in
           King
           Henry
           the
           Eighth's
           time
           ,
           for
           Protestantism
           ,
           changed
           his
           Abode
           ,
           and
           lived
           privately
           in
           Kent
           ,
           but
           after
           that
           
           Kings
           Death
           ,
           he
           procured
           to
           read
           Prayers
           among
           the
           Mariners
           of
           the
           Queens
           Navy
           ;
           and
           bound
           his
           Son
           Francis
           Prentice
           to
           the
           Master
           of
           a
           Ship
           ,
           who
           traded
           to
           France
           ,
           and
           Zeland
           .
           Now
           this
           Master
           took
           such
           a
           liking
           to
           Francis
           for
           his
           Activity
           and
           readiness
           in
           all
           things
           he
           took
           in
           hand
           ,
           that
           at
           his
           Death
           he
           left
           him
           his
           Pinck
           as
           a
           Legacy
           :
           This
           Vessel
           Drake
           sold
           ,
           and
           thereupon
           in
           the
           Year
           1567
           ,
           attended
           Sir
           
             John
             Hawkins
          
           in
           his
           Voyage
           to
           America
           ,
           but
           with
           the
           loss
           of
           all
           he
           had
           in
           the
           World
           in
           that
           Voyage
           .
           Some
           time
           after
           ,
           having
           gained
           a
           considerable
           Sum
           of
           Money
           ,
           by
           Trading
           and
           Privateering
           ,
           he
           again
           undertook
           a
           Voyage
           to
           America
           ,
           wherein
           the
           first
           Prize
           he
           made
           ,
           was
           great
           store
           of
           Gold
           and
           Silver
           ,
           carried
           over
           the
           Mountains
           upon
           Mules
           ,
           whereof
           he
           carried
           the
           Gold
           to
           his
           Ships
           ,
           but
           left
           and
           buried
           his
           Silver
           .
           After
           this
           Exploit
           he
           proceeded
           ,
           took
           ,
           plundred
           ,
           and
           fired
           a
           great
           place
           of
           Commerce
           ,
           called
           the
           Cross
           ,
           upon
           the
           River
           Cherarge
           ,
           and
           whilst
           he
           was
           wandring
           and
           roving
           about
           the
           adjacent
           places
           ,
           he
           discovered
           from
           the
           Mountains
           ,
           the
           South
           Sea.
           
           Hereupon
           inflamed
           with
           Affectation
           of
           Glory
           and
           Wealth
           ,
           falling
           upon
           his
           knees
           ,
           he
           craved
           the
           assistance
           of
           God
           ,
           and
           bound
           himself
           by
           a
           Vow
           to
           undertake
           the
           Navigating
           and
           Surveying
           of
           those
           Seas
           :
           And
           now
           ,
           having
           obtained
           great
           Riches
           ,
           he
           for
           the
           present
           returned
           home
           :
           Afterwards
           ,
           about
           the
           middle
           of
           November
           ,
           in
           the
           Year
           1577
           ,
           He
           set
           Sail
           with
           five
           Ships
           ,
           and
           about
           163
           Seamen
           ,
           from
           Plimouth
           ,
           for
           the
           Southern
           Sea
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           space
           of
           five
           and
           twenty
           days
           came
           to
           the
           Cape
           of
           Cantyne
           in
           Barbary
           ,
           and
           then
           sailed
           along
           the
           Isle
           of
           Fogo
           ,
           that
           casteth
           forth
           Sulphury
           Flames
           ;
           and
           at
           his
           being
           under
           the
           Line
           ,
           he
           caused
           every
           Person
           in
           his
           Ships
           to
           be
           let
           Blood
           ,
           and
           Arriving
           on
           the
           Twenty
           sixth
           of
           April
           ,
           at
           the
           mouth
           of
           the
           River
           of
           Plata
           ,
           he
           saw
           an
           infinite
           number
           of
           Sea
           Calves
           ;
           from
           thence
           sayling
           to
           the
           Haven
           of
           Saint
           Julians
           ,
           he
           found
           a
           Gybbet
           ,
           set
           up
           ,
           as
           was
           thought
           by
           Magellan
           ,
           when
           he
           punished
           certain
           Mutineers
           .
           In
           this
           very
           place
           
             John
             Doughty
          
           ,
           a
           stout
           and
           industrious
           Man
           ,
           the
           next
           to
           Drake
           in
           Authority
           ,
           was
           called
           in
           question
           for
           raising
           Sedition
           in
           the
           Navy
           ,
           and
           was
           condemned
           
           to
           Death
           ,
           which
           he
           suffered
           very
           undauntedly
           ,
           after
           having
           received
           the
           Communion
           with
           Drake
           .
           On
           the
           twentieth
           of
           August
           ,
           he
           set
           Sail
           with
           three
           Ships
           ,
           for
           the
           two
           lesser
           he
           had
           before
           left
           to
           the
           Waves
           ,
           shipping
           the
           Men
           and
           Amunition
           into
           the
           rest
           ,
           to
           the
           Streight
           of
           Magellan
           ;
           the
           sixth
           of
           September
           entring
           into
           the
           wide
           Southern
           Ocean
           ,
           called
           the
           Pacifique
           Sea
           ,
           he
           found
           it
           extream
           Tempestuous
           ,
           insomuch
           ,
           that
           his
           Ships
           were
           dispersed
           by
           Storm
           ;
           in
           the
           one
           of
           which
           
             John
             Winter
          
           was
           Master
           ,
           who
           returned
           back
           into
           
             England
             .
             Drake
          
           himself
           ,
           with
           only
           one
           Ship
           ,
           Coasted
           along
           the
           Shoar
           ,
           until
           he
           came
           to
           Mouch
           Island
           .
           And
           setting
           Sail
           from
           thence
           ,
           he
           found
           a
           Barbarian
           fishing
           in
           a
           small
           Boat
           ,
           who
           taking
           our
           Men
           to
           be
           Spaniards
           ,
           gave
           them
           notice
           ,
           that
           there
           rode
           at
           Anchor
           ,
           a
           great
           Spanish
           Ship
           ,
           at
           
             Villa
             Parizo
          
           ,
           and
           directed
           them
           thither
           :
           And
           the
           Spaniards
           supposing
           him
           to
           be
           their
           own
           Country-man
           ,
           invited
           him
           on
           Board
           ,
           where
           he
           presently
           shut
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           not
           being
           above
           eight
           Persons
           ,
           under
           Hatches
           ,
           and
           took
           the
           Ship
           ,
           wherein
           was
           four
           hundred
           pound
           weight
           of
           Gold.
           Then
           went
           he
           
           on
           Land
           at
           Taurapasa
           ,
           where
           he
           found
           a
           Spaniard
           sleeping
           on
           the
           Sea
           Shoar
           ,
           and
           lying
           by
           him
           thirteen
           Bars
           and
           Wedges
           of
           Silver
           ,
           to
           the
           value
           of
           four
           hundred
           thousand
           Duckets
           ;
           which
           he
           commanded
           to
           be
           carried
           away
           ,
           not
           so
           much
           as
           once
           waking
           the
           Man.
           Afterwards
           entring
           the
           Haven
           of
           Africa
           ,
           he
           found
           there
           three
           Ships
           without
           any
           Seamen
           in
           them
           ;
           wherein
           ,
           besides
           other
           Commodities
           ,
           were
           seven
           and
           fifty
           Silver
           Bricks
           ,
           each
           of
           which
           weighed
           twenty
           pound
           ;
           from
           whence
           he
           sailed
           to
           Lima
           ,
           where
           he
           found
           twelve
           Ships
           in
           one
           Road
           ,
           and
           in
           them
           great
           store
           of
           Silks
           ,
           and
           a
           Chest
           full
           of
           Money
           ready
           Coyned
           ,
           but
           not
           so
           much
           as
           a
           Boy
           aboard
           ;
           so
           secure
           they
           think
           themselves
           on
           that
           Coast
           :
           And
           then
           making
           all
           the
           Sail
           he
           could
           ,
           he
           followed
           the
           rich
           Ship
           called
           the
           Cacofogo
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           way
           met
           with
           a
           small
           Ship
           without
           Canon
           or
           other
           Arms
           ,
           out
           of
           which
           he
           took
           fourscore
           pound
           weight
           of
           Gold
           ,
           a
           Golden
           Crucifix
           ,
           and
           some
           Emeraulds
           of
           a
           fingers
           length
           .
           On
           the
           first
           of
           March
           ,
           he
           overtook
           the
           Cacofogo
           ,
           and
           having
           shot
           down
           the
           Foremast
           with
           the
           shot
           of
           a
           great
           Piece
           of
           Ordnance
           ,
           he
           set
           upon
           her
           and
           soon
           
           took
           her
           ;
           and
           in
           her
           ,
           besides
           Jewels
           ,
           fourscore
           pound
           weight
           of
           Gold
           ,
           thirteen
           Chests
           of
           Silver
           ready
           Coyned
           ,
           and
           as
           much
           Silver
           ,
           as
           would
           ballance
           a
           Ship.
           And
           now
           thinking
           himself
           sufficiently
           rich
           ,
           he
           resolved
           to
           make
           Sail
           for
           England
           ;
           and
           soon
           the
           third
           of
           November
           1580
           ,
           he
           arrived
           at
           Plymouth
           ,
           having
           sayled
           round
           about
           the
           World
           in
           the
           space
           of
           three
           Years
           ,
           to
           his
           Eternal
           Renown
           ,
           and
           the
           great
           admiration
           of
           all
           Men.
           
        
         
           He
           was
           graciously
           received
           by
           the
           Queen
           ,
           who
           yet
           sequestred
           his
           Goods
           ,
           that
           they
           might
           be
           forth
           coming
           if
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           demanded
           them
           :
           And
           her
           Majesty
           having
           given
           order
           for
           his
           Ship
           to
           be
           drawn
           on
           shoar
           near
           Deptford
           ,
           whereto
           ,
           and
           where
           it
           does
           remain
           for
           a
           Monument
           ;
           and
           in
           it
           being
           consecrated
           for
           a
           Memorial
           with
           great
           solemnity
           ;
           and
           having
           been
           there
           treated
           with
           great
           Magnificence
           ,
           her
           Majesty
           conferred
           the
           Honour
           of
           Knighthood
           upon
           Captain
           Drake
           .
           But
           the
           Spanish
           Embassadour
           in
           England
           began
           to
           bluster
           ,
           and
           re-demanded
           the
           Goods
           that
           had
           been
           taken
           by
           Drake
           ,
           and
           made
           
           Complaints
           of
           the
           English
           sayling
           in
           the
           American
           Seas
           :
           To
           whom
           the
           Queen
           replied
           ,
           That
           she
           had
           caused
           the
           Goods
           to
           be
           sequestred
           ,
           and
           that
           they
           were
           forth-coming
           ,
           for
           the
           King
           of
           Spain's
           satisfaction
           ;
           notwithstanding
           that
           the
           Queen
           had
           been
           at
           greater
           Expences
           in
           suppressing
           the
           Rebellions
           that
           had
           been
           raised
           by
           the
           Spaniard's
           Instigations
           in
           England
           and
           Ireland
           ,
           than
           all
           the
           Money
           that
           Drake
           had
           brought
           with
           him
           :
           And
           as
           for
           sayling
           on
           the
           American
           Sea
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           as
           lawful
           for
           her
           Majesties
           ,
           and
           and
           other
           Princes
           Subjects
           ,
           as
           the
           King
           of
           Spain's
           ;
           and
           that
           she
           could
           not
           acknowledge
           any
           Right
           in
           the
           Pope
           to
           appropriate
           those
           or
           any
           other
           Countreys
           to
           any
           Person
           .
           However
           ,
           the
           King
           of
           Spain's
           Agent
           in
           this
           Business
           ,
           had
           a
           great
           Sum
           of
           Money
           repayed
           him
           ,
           which
           ,
           instead
           of
           being
           restored
           to
           the
           Owners
           ,
           was
           employed
           against
           the
           Queen
           ,
           and
           the
           Protestants
           in
           the
           Low
           Countries
           ;
           where
           the
           English
           did
           extraordinary
           Exploits
           in
           behalf
           of
           the
           confederated
           States
           ,
           General
           Norris
           raising
           the
           Siege
           of
           Fenwick
           ,
           that
           was
           besieged
           by
           the
           Forces
           of
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           ,
           and
           shortly
           after
           fought
           another
           
           Spanish
           Army
           ,
           but
           ,
           being
           over-powered
           with
           Numbers
           ,
           made
           a
           gallant
           Retreat
           .
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           new
           Troubles
           were
           raised
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           some
           envying
           the
           Duke
           of
           Lenox
           his
           great
           Favour
           with
           the
           King
           ,
           accused
           him
           of
           endeavouring
           to
           pervert
           the
           King
           to
           Popery
           ,
           and
           allure
           him
           into
           France
           ,
           which
           suspicions
           he
           endeavoured
           to
           dissipate
           ;
           and
           thinking
           those
           Rumours
           were
           promoted
           by
           Morton
           ,
           and
           that
           he
           was
           not
           secure
           as
           long
           as
           Morton
           lived
           ,
           he
           caused
           him
           to
           be
           beheaded
           ,
           as
           accessory
           to
           the
           Death
           of
           the
           King's
           Father
           .
        
         
           During
           these
           Transactions
           ,
           the
           Match
           with
           the
           Duke
           of
           Alanzon
           was
           prosecuted
           afresh
           ,
           several
           of
           the
           Principal
           Lords
           of
           France
           coming
           over
           for
           that
           end
           ,
           and
           shortly
           after
           that
           Duke
           himself
           came
           over
           hither
           .
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           the
           Articles
           of
           Marriage
           were
           agreed
           upon
           by
           the
           Commissioners
           on
           both
           sides
           ,
           but
           with
           some
           Reservations
           ,
           that
           were
           disclaimed
           by
           the
           French
           King
           ,
           who
           refused
           to
           enter
           into
           an
           Offensive
           and
           Defensive
           League
           ,
           until
           such
           time
           as
           the
           Marriage
           was
           consummated
           .
           Yet
           the
           French
           Duke's
           Presence
           here
           seemed
           to
           have
           so
           promoted
           his
           Business
           ,
           that
           the
           Queen
           ,
           
           having
           one
           day
           given
           him
           publickly
           a
           Ring
           ,
           this
           was
           looked
           upon
           as
           a
           Contract
           ,
           by
           all
           the
           standers
           by
           ;
           and
           thereupon
           publick
           Rejoycing
           was
           made
           in
           several
           Places
           abroad
           ,
           as
           for
           a
           thing
           concluded
           ,
           but
           not
           so
           at
           home
           ,
           when
           the
           innate
           Aversion
           the
           English
           have
           for
           the
           French
           ,
           broke
           out
           into
           publick
           Murmurs
           ,
           and
           Libells
           against
           this
           Match
           ,
           which
           occasioned
           the
           Queen
           to
           put
           forth
           Proclamations
           to
           stifle
           them
           ,
           and
           the
           Authors
           and
           Dispersers
           of
           those
           Seditious
           Pamphlets
           to
           be
           punished
           according
           to
           Law.
           About
           the
           same
           time
           ,
           a
           Jesuit
           and
           several
           Popish
           Priests
           were
           convicted
           of
           having
           plotted
           the
           Ruine
           of
           the
           Queen
           and
           Kingdom
           ;
           of
           adhering
           to
           the
           Pope
           ,
           the
           Queens
           Enemy
           ;
           and
           of
           coming
           into
           England
           to
           raise
           Forces
           against
           the
           State
           ;
           for
           which
           they
           were
           condemned
           ,
           and
           accordingly
           executed
           :
           Shortly
           after
           whom
           ,
           several
           Papists
           suffered
           Death
           likewise
           for
           the
           same
           Crimes
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           the
           Duke
           of
           Alanzon
           ,
           suspecting
           that
           he
           had
           onely
           been
           lured
           with
           empty
           hopes
           of
           a
           Crown
           here
           in
           England
           ,
           having
           the
           Government
           of
           the
           
             Low
             Countries
          
           conferred
           upon
           him
           
           by
           the
           States
           ,
           he
           prepared
           for
           his
           Journey
           thither
           ,
           and
           was
           accompanied
           by
           the
           Queen
           as
           far
           as
           Canterbury
           ;
           where
           they
           parting
           ,
           her
           Majesty
           ordered
           some
           of
           the
           Principal
           Courtiers
           to
           attend
           him
           to
           Antwerp
           ;
           where
           ,
           finding
           his
           Commission
           so
           limited
           ,
           that
           he
           had
           only
           the
           Name
           of
           Authority
           ,
           he
           made
           a
           rash
           Attempt
           upon
           Antwerp
           ,
           for
           which
           he
           was
           forced
           to
           leave
           the
           Low
           Countreys
           ,
           with
           the
           Aversion
           and
           Scorn
           of
           those
           People
           .
        
         
           But
           during
           these
           Occurences
           ,
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           subdued
           all
           Portugal
           in
           Seventy
           dayes
           time
           :
           which
           being
           a
           great
           Addition
           to
           the
           vast
           Dominions
           he
           before
           had
           ,
           put
           all
           Europe
           in
           mind
           of
           uniting
           for
           their
           common
           Security
           .
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           the
           English
           continued
           their
           Bravery
           in
           the
           
             Low
             Countries
          
           ,
           and
           with
           great
           Success
           and
           Advantage
           to
           the
           States
           .
           And
           the
           Queen
           ,
           to
           procure
           the
           Amity
           of
           the
           King
           of
           Denmark
           ,
           and
           an
           Abatement
           of
           the
           Customes
           in
           the
           Sound
           ,
           sent
           him
           the
           Order
           of
           the
           Carter
           ,
           which
           he
           accordingly
           received
           with
           all
           acknowledgment
           .
           And
           now
           broke
           out
           again
           new
           Commotions
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           the
           King
           being
           surprized
           and
           detained
           by
           the
           
           Earls
           of
           
             Goury
             ,
             Lindsey
             ,
             Marr
          
           ,
           and
           others
           ,
           who
           caused
           Arran
           to
           be
           imprisoned
           ,
           Lenox
           to
           be
           banished
           out
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           and
           the
           Earl
           of
           Arguse
           to
           be
           called
           home
           from
           Exile
           .
           But
           shortly
           after
           ,
           the
           King
           being
           then
           about
           eighteen
           years
           old
           ,
           made
           his
           Escape
           out
           of
           their
           Hands
           ;
           whereupon
           ,
           Sir
           
             Francis
             Walsingham
          
           was
           sent
           to
           him
           by
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ,
           for
           the
           giving
           him
           good
           Counsel
           ,
           and
           the
           endeavouring
           to
           compose
           the
           Distractions
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           :
           During
           which
           ,
           the
           famous
           Irish
           Rebell
           
             Gyrald
             Fitz
             Gyrald
          
           ,
           the
           eleventh
           Earl
           of
           Desmond
           of
           this
           Family
           ,
           having
           a
           long
           time
           kept
           himself
           outof
           the
           hands
           of
           the
           English
           ,
           by
           lurking
           in
           private
           places
           ,
           was
           about
           this
           time
           found
           out
           ,
           and
           slain
           by
           a
           Common
           Souldier
           ,
           in
           a
           poor
           Cottage
           .
           This
           great
           Lord
           was
           descended
           from
           Maurice
           ,
           the
           Son
           of
           Gyrald
           of
           Windsor
           ,
           an
           English
           man
           ,
           famous
           among
           those
           who
           first
           invaded
           Ireland
           in
           the
           Year
           1170.
           
           He
           possessed
           whole
           Counties
           together
           ,
           with
           the
           County
           Palatine
           of
           Kerry
           ,
           and
           had
           of
           his
           own
           Name
           and
           Race
           ,
           at
           least
           five
           hundred
           Gentlemen
           at
           his
           Command
           ;
           all
           whom
           ,
           and
           his
           own
           Life
           also
           ,
           he
           lost
           within
           the
           
           space
           of
           three
           years
           ,
           very
           few
           of
           his
           Family
           being
           left
           alive
           .
           This
           Misfortune
           was
           brought
           upon
           him
           by
           his
           Disloyalty
           to
           his
           Prince
           ,
           through
           the
           Instigation
           of
           Popish
           Priests
           .
        
         
           But
           Ireland
           and
           Scotland
           ,
           (
           where
           lately
           the
           Earl
           of
           Gowry
           was
           beheaded
           ,
           as
           convicted
           of
           several
           Treasons
           )
           were
           not
           the
           only
           Scenes
           of
           Plots
           and
           Conspiracies
           ,
           but
           England
           it self
           was
           again
           filled
           with
           Popish
           Practices
           against
           the
           Queen's
           Life
           ,
           and
           in
           favour
           of
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           .
           But
           being
           discovered
           ,
           some
           of
           the
           Nobility
           and
           Ring-leaders
           of
           the
           Faction
           ,
           were
           taken
           into
           Custody
           ,
           others
           confined
           to
           their
           Houses
           ,
           and
           others
           made
           their
           Escape
           into
           France
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           some
           Disputes
           happening
           between
           the
           Czar
           of
           Muscovy
           and
           the
           King
           of
           Sweden
           ,
           this
           King
           not
           finding
           himself
           able
           to
           oppose
           that
           Emperour
           ,
           sendeth
           a
           Royal
           Ambassy
           to
           request
           the
           Queen's
           Intercession
           in
           his
           Behalf
           ,
           which
           accordingly
           her
           Majesty
           immediately
           performed
           ;
           and
           ,
           by
           her
           Ambassador
           accommodated
           matters
           between
           those
           two
           Princes
           ,
           upon
           very
           reasonable
           Terms
           .
           At
           the
           same
           time
           ,
           the
           Queens
           Ambassador
           
           obtained
           of
           the
           Czar
           ,
           the
           Confirmation
           of
           the
           Priviledges
           of
           the
           English
           Merchants
           in
           Russia
           ,
           maugre
           she
           had
           denyed
           him
           Satisfaction
           in
           several
           points
           ,
           and
           one
           of
           her
           Subjects
           to
           be
           his
           Wife
           and
           Empress
           ,
           which
           he
           had
           extreamly
           sollicited
           .
        
         
           Mendora
           ,
           the
           Spanish
           Ambassador
           at
           this
           time
           in
           England
           ,
           was
           put
           out
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           for
           joyning
           with
           the
           English
           Rebells
           ,
           and
           stirring
           up
           the
           People
           to
           Rebellion
           ;
           and
           an
           Ambassador
           sent
           into
           Spain
           ,
           to
           justifie
           this
           Conduct
           ,
           who
           not
           being
           admitted
           to
           Audiency
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           but
           referred
           to
           the
           Counsellors
           ,
           he
           disdained
           to
           open
           himself
           to
           them
           ,
           and
           returned
           home
           without
           declaring
           the
           Cause
           of
           his
           Embassy
           .
           The
           Papists
           printed
           and
           dispersed
           Books
           to
           exhort
           the
           Queens
           Women
           to
           commit
           the
           like
           against
           the
           Queen
           ,
           as
           Judith
           had
           done
           with
           Commendations
           against
           Holofernes
           :
           The
           Book-seller
           for
           whom
           these
           seditious
           Libels
           were
           printed
           ,
           was
           executed
           ;
           but
           the
           Author
           could
           not
           be
           found
           out
           .
           And
           now
           farther
           Discoveries
           were
           made
           of
           the
           Practices
           of
           the
           Papists
           against
           the
           Queen
           and
           State
           ,
           of
           a
           Design
           of
           invading
           
           England
           by
           the
           Catholick
           Princes
           ,
           and
           of
           the
           measures
           that
           had
           been
           taken
           by
           the
           Papists
           ,
           for
           that
           purpose
           ;
           which
           Discoveries
           being
           confirmed
           by
           the
           Confessions
           of
           some
           of
           the
           Papists
           themselves
           ,
           all
           possible
           Precautions
           were
           taken
           for
           the
           preventing
           the
           Execution
           of
           any
           such
           pernicous
           Designs
           ;
           and
           amongst
           other
           Expedients
           ,
           for
           the
           better
           providing
           for
           the
           Safety
           of
           the
           Queen's
           Person
           ,
           a
           number
           of
           her
           Subjects
           ,
           headed
           by
           the
           Earl
           of
           Leicester
           ,
           men
           of
           all
           Ranks
           and
           Conditions
           ,
           bound
           themselves
           mutually
           to
           each
           other
           ,
           by
           their
           Oaths
           and
           Subscriptions
           ,
           to
           persecute
           all
           those
           to
           Death
           ,
           that
           should
           attempt
           any
           thing
           against
           the
           Queen
           ;
           which
           League
           of
           theirs
           ,
           was
           called
           the
           Association
           .
        
         
           The
           several
           Treaties
           that
           had
           been
           held
           with
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           ,
           having
           proved
           abortive
           ,
           she
           fearing
           that
           this
           Association
           was
           designed
           for
           her
           Destruction
           ,
           made
           this
           Proposition
           by
           Nave
           her
           Secretary
           ,
           to
           the
           Queen
           and
           Council
           ;
           That
           if
           she
           might
           be
           set
           at
           Liberty
           ,
           and
           be
           assured
           of
           the
           Queen's
           Affection
           ,
           she
           would
           enter
           into
           a
           strict
           League
           and
           Amity
           with
           her
           ;
           and
           passing
           by
           all
           
           matters
           of
           Offence
           ,
           most
           officiously
           love
           and
           observe
           her
           ,
           above
           all
           other
           Princes
           of
           Christendom
           ;
           and
           enter
           also
           into
           the
           Association
           aforesaid
           ,
           for
           the
           Queens
           Security
           ,
           and
           into
           a
           League
           Defensive
           (
           saving
           that
           Ancient
           League
           between
           France
           and
           Scotland
           .
           )
           This
           seemed
           to
           give
           great
           Delight
           and
           Satisfaction
           to
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ;
           and
           she
           was
           thought
           at
           that
           time
           to
           be
           really
           inclined
           to
           grant
           her
           her
           Liberty
           .
           But
           her
           Majesty
           being
           continually
           allarm'd
           with
           apprehensions
           from
           the
           adverse
           Party
           ,
           both
           of
           Scots
           and
           English
           ,
           who
           exclamed
           ,
           that
           the
           Queens
           Life
           was
           in
           no
           wise
           secure
           while
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           was
           living
           ,
           o●
           at
           least
           ,
           at
           liberty
           ;
           insomuch
           that
           this
           Treaty
           was
           likewise
           broken
           off
           ;
           and
           upon
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           Adversaries
           suggestions
           ,
           she
           was
           taken
           from
           the
           Earl
           of
           Shrewsbury
           ,
           and
           committed
           to
           the
           Custody
           of
           Sir
           
             Amias
             Paulet
          
           ,
           and
           Sir
           
             Drue
             Drury
          
           ,
           which
           rendred
           her
           so
           desperate
           ,
           that
           she
           grew
           the
           more
           importunate
           with
           the
           Pope
           and
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           to
           put
           their
           Designs
           in
           execution
           .
        
         
           And
           now
           there
           ran
           a
           Report
           ,
           that
           the
           Catholicks
           had
           entred
           into
           a
           Combination
           ,
           
           for
           the
           depriving
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           of
           her
           Crown
           ,
           for
           the
           disinheriting
           the
           King
           of
           Scots
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           England
           ,
           as
           being
           both
           of
           them
           detected
           of
           Heresie
           ;
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           to
           be
           married
           to
           some
           Catholick
           English
           Noble-man
           ;
           that
           this
           Noble-man
           should
           be
           elected
           King
           of
           England
           ,
           by
           the
           English
           Catholicks
           ,
           the
           Election
           confirmed
           by
           the
           Bishop
           of
           Rome
           ;
           that
           his
           Children
           by
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           ,
           should
           be
           proclaimed
           Lawful
           Successors
           to
           the
           Crown
           ;
           and
           all
           this
           was
           affirmed
           by
           one
           Hart
           a
           Priest.
           About
           this
           time
           ,
           dyed
           in
           France
           the
           Duke
           of
           Alanzon
           ,
           for
           grief
           ;
           and
           in
           Holland
           ,
           the
           Prince
           of
           Orange
           was
           treacherously
           shot
           with
           three
           Bullets
           ,
           by
           one
           
             Bethazar
             Gerard
          
           ,
           a
           Burgundian
           .
        
         
           And
           now
           the
           French
           King
           being
           elected
           by
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           into
           the
           Order
           of
           the
           Garter
           ,
           Her
           Majesty
           sent
           the
           Earl
           of
           Derby
           to
           invest
           him
           therewith
           ,
           with
           all
           the
           usual
           Solemnity
           .
        
         
           There
           being
           a
           Parliament
           assembled
           at
           Westminster
           ,
           one
           Parry
           ,
           a
           Member
           of
           the
           Lower
           House
           ,
           was
           first
           imprisoned
           for
           opposing
           and
           exclaming
           against
           a
           Bill
           that
           was
           preferred
           against
           the
           Jesuits
           ,
           
           but
           being
           set
           at
           Liberty
           upon
           his
           Submission
           ,
           he
           was
           immediately
           after
           accused
           by
           one
           
             Edward
             Nevil
          
           ,
           of
           the
           Earl
           of
           Westmerland's
           Family
           ,
           of
           having
           held
           secret
           Consultations
           about
           taking
           away
           the
           Queens
           Life
           ;
           which
           upon
           his
           Examination
           being
           confessed
           by
           him
           ,
           with
           all
           the
           Particulars
           thereof
           ;
           and
           being
           brought
           to
           his
           Tryal
           ,
           and
           still
           confessing
           the
           same
           ,
           he
           was
           accordingly
           condemned
           and
           executed
           .
           Whereupon
           ,
           the
           Parliament
           then
           sitting
           ,
           made
           several
           seasonable
           Laws
           for
           the
           Security
           of
           the
           Queens
           Person
           .
           Thereupon
           ,
           the
           Earl
           of
           Arundel
           was
           committed
           to
           the
           Tower.
           In
           the
           same
           Place
           ,
           and
           at
           the
           same
           time
           ,
           the
           Earl
           of
           Northumberland
           ,
           a
           man
           of
           a
           lofty
           Spirit
           and
           Courage
           ,
           who
           had
           been
           committed
           thither
           upon
           Suspition
           of
           a
           secret
           Consultation
           with
           Throckmorton
           ,
           the
           Lord
           Paget
           ,
           and
           the
           Guises
           ,
           for
           invading
           of
           England
           ,
           and
           setting
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           at
           Liberty
           ,
           was
           found
           dead
           in
           his
           Bed
           ,
           being
           shot
           with
           three
           Bullets
           ,
           under
           his
           left
           Pap
           ,
           his
           Chamber-door
           being
           barred
           on
           the
           inside
           .
           The
           Coroners
           Inquest
           having
           examined
           the
           matter
           ,
           and
           all
           other
           lawful
           Scrutinies
           being
           made
           ,
           it
           was
           found
           and
           declared
           ;
           how
           that
           for
           Fear
           of
           the
           
           Law
           ,
           he
           had
           laid
           violent
           hands
           upon
           himself
           .
        
         
           The
           Practices
           of
           the
           Papists
           against
           the
           Queen
           and
           the
           reformed
           Religion
           ,
           being
           thus
           dayly
           more
           and
           more
           discovered
           ,
           the
           Queen
           resolved
           to
           endeavour
           the
           contracting
           an
           Offensive
           and
           Defensive
           League
           with
           the
           King
           of
           Denmark
           ,
           the
           Protestant
           Princes
           and
           States
           of
           Germany
           ,
           and
           the
           Low
           Countries
           ,
           and
           with
           the
           King
           of
           Scotland
           :
           to
           which
           purpose
           she
           sent
           Ministers
           to
           their
           respective
           Courts
           ,
           but
           it
           was
           delayed
           in
           Scotland
           by
           some
           new
           Commotions
           ,
           which
           occasioned
           a
           change
           of
           Ministers
           and
           Officers
           of
           that
           Crown
           ;
           till
           at
           length
           all
           being
           quieted
           and
           accommodated
           ,
           it
           was
           unanimously
           voted
           by
           all
           ,
           that
           a
           Treaty
           of
           a
           League
           with
           the
           Queen
           of
           England
           ,
           should
           be
           agreed
           upon
           ,
           and
           Delegates
           nominated
           to
           that
           purpose
           .
           During
           these
           Transactions
           ,
           new
           Rebellions
           broke
           forth
           in
           Ireland
           ,
           the
           Mutineers
           calling
           into
           their
           aid
           the
           
             Hebridian
             Scots
          
           ,
           who
           together
           with
           the
           Irish
           were
           utterly
           defeated
           by
           the
           English
           ,
           above
           three
           thousand
           of
           them
           ,
           (
           being
           all
           except
           fourscore
           )
           killed
           upon
           the
           Place
           .
           Which
           Victory
           was
           famous
           and
           advantageous
           
           both
           for
           the
           present
           and
           future
           times
           ,
           for
           hereby
           the
           name
           of
           the
           Mac-Williams
           in
           Connaught
           ,
           was
           utterly
           extinct
           ,
           and
           the
           insolent
           Attempts
           of
           the
           Scottish
           Islanders
           absolutely
           crushed
           .
        
         
           About
           this
           time
           the
           States
           of
           the
           Low
           Countries
           being
           brought
           very
           low
           ,
           and
           unable
           to
           secure
           themselves
           any
           longer
           against
           the
           ruine
           that
           was
           threatned
           them
           by
           the
           vast
           power
           of
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           they
           implored
           Queen
           Elizabeth's
           Protection
           ,
           and
           offered
           her
           the
           sovereignty
           of
           their
           Provinces
           ,
           which
           for
           the
           present
           ,
           after
           much
           debate
           in
           her
           Council
           ,
           she
           refused
           ;
           but
           was
           willing
           to
           supply
           them
           with
           four
           Thousand
           Souldiers
           ,
           in
           case
           the
           Town
           of
           Sluce
           with
           the
           Ordnance
           belonging
           to
           it
           ,
           were
           delivered
           to
           her
           for
           caution
           .
           But
           afterwards
           ,
           upon
           their
           farther
           representations
           of
           the
           sad
           condition
           they
           were
           reduced
           to
           ,
           and
           commiserating
           the
           doleful
           estate
           of
           so
           great
           a
           Branch
           of
           the
           reformed
           Religion
           ,
           she
           at
           last
           resolves
           to
           take
           them
           into
           her
           Protection
           ,
           promising
           to
           supply
           them
           with
           five
           Thousand
           Foot
           ,
           and
           a
           Thousand
           Horse
           ,
           under
           a
           sufficient
           General
           ,
           and
           paying
           them
           during
           the
           War
           ,
           upon
           condition
           ,
           that
           they
           should
           by
           way
           of
           
           Pledge
           ,
           deliver
           to
           her
           Flushing
           ,
           the
           Fort
           of
           Ramekin
           ,
           and
           the
           Brill
           :
           And
           her
           Majesty
           immediately
           caused
           to
           be
           put
           forth
           a
           large
           Declaration
           in
           justification
           of
           ●his
           her
           Conduct
           .
           And
           thereupon
           ,
           that
           the
           War
           might
           not
           be
           brought
           to
           her
           own
           Doors
           by
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           ,
           she
           sent
           Sir
           
             Francis
             Drake
          
           Admiral
           of
           her
           Fleet
           ,
           and
           
             Christopher
             Carlile
          
           ,
           General
           of
           her
           Land
           Forces
           into
           America
           ,
           with
           a
           Fleet
           of
           Twenty
           one
           ships
           ,
           wherein
           were
           two
           Thousand
           three
           Hundred
           Volunteers
           and
           Saylors
           ,
           for
           to
           make
           a
           Division
           thereby
           ,
           who
           after
           they
           had
           taken
           and
           plundered
           several
           places
           in
           those
           parts
           of
           the
           World
           ,
           and
           lost
           seven
           hundred
           of
           their
           men
           ,
           most
           of
           whom
           dyed
           of
           the
           Calenture
           ,
           they
           returned
           home
           ,
           with
           a
           Booty
           valued
           at
           six
           Thousand
           Pounds
           sterling
           ,
           and
           two
           hundred
           and
           forty
           of
           the
           Enemies
           great
           Brass
           and
           Iron
           Guns
           ;
           and
           with
           Tobacco
           ,
           being
           the
           first
           time
           it
           was
           brought
           into
           England
           .
        
         
           During
           these
           Transactions
           in
           
             America
             ,
             John
             Davies
          
           ,
           with
           two
           ships
           ,
           set
           forth
           at
           the
           Charges
           of
           the
           Citizens
           of
           London
           ,
           first
           discovered
           and
           found
           a
           passage
           by
           the
           Northern
           parts
           of
           America
           to
           the
           
             East
             Indies
          
           .
        
         
         
           About
           this
           time
           ,
           the
           Earl
           of
           Leicester
           was
           sent
           by
           the
           Queen
           ,
           as
           General
           of
           her
           Forces
           into
           Holland
           ,
           being
           accompanied
           by
           the
           Earl
           of
           Essex
           ,
           and
           several
           Persons
           of
           Quality
           ,
           with
           a
           choice
           Band
           of
           five
           hundred
           Gentlemen
           .
           The
           Earl
           of
           Leicester's
           Reception
           was
           attended
           with
           all
           the
           Pomp
           and
           Magnificence
           imaginable
           :
           And
           at
           his
           Arrival
           at
           the
           Hague
           ,
           the
           chief
           Government
           and
           absolute
           Authority
           over
           the
           confederated
           Provinces
           ,
           was
           committed
           to
           him
           by
           Instrument
           in
           Writing
           ,
           by
           the
           States
           General
           ,
           
             with
             the
             Title
             of
             Governour
             and
             Captain
             General
             of
             
               Holland
               ,
               Zeland
            
             ,
             the
             United
             and
             the
             confederated
             Provinces
             .
          
           Which
           he
           accepted
           of
           ,
           and
           also
           the
           Title
           of
           excellency
           .
           All
           which
           severely
           displeased
           the
           Queen
           ,
           and
           she
           made
           both
           him
           and
           the
           States
           sensible
           of
           her
           anger
           by
           her
           Letters
           to
           them
           ,
           desiring
           the
           latter
           to
           devest
           Leicester
           of
           that
           absolute
           Authority
           they
           had
           devolved
           upon
           him
           .
           The
           States
           let
           the
           Queen
           know
           how
           much
           they
           were
           grieved
           for
           having
           incurred
           her
           displeasure
           by
           having
           devolved
           that
           Authority
           upon
           the
           Earl
           ,
           without
           her
           Previty
           ,
           and
           
           desire
           her
           to
           be
           pacifyed
           ,
           considering
           the
           necessity
           they
           were
           in
           so
           do
           .
        
         
           Upon
           these
           Letters
           and
           those
           of
           Leicester's
           ,
           that
           were
           Written
           with
           all
           the
           Submission
           ,
           Respect
           ,
           and
           Repentance
           imaginable
           ,
           the
           Queen
           was
           reconciled
           and
           satisfyed
           .
           But
           Leicester's
           ▪
           Arbitrary
           way
           of
           Government
           ,
           imposing
           new
           Customes
           upon
           Merchandizes
           ,
           and
           introducing
           Martial
           Laws
           ,
           quickly
           raised
           an
           Aversion
           to
           him
           in
           the
           People
           .
        
         
           His
           first
           Warlike
           Exploit
           was
           the
           undertaking
           to
           Relieve
           Grave
           ,
           a
           Town
           in
           Brabant
           ,
           then
           besieged
           by
           the
           Prince
           of
           Parma
           :
           but
           notwithstanding
           all
           the
           great
           Efforts
           of
           the
           English
           ,
           the
           Town
           was
           at
           length
           taken
           ,
           through
           the
           Cowardice
           of
           the
           Governour
           ,
           who
           was
           thereupon
           executed
           .
        
         
           After
           which
           ,
           the
           Prince
           of
           Parma
           laid
           Siege
           unto
           Venlo
           in
           Guelderland
           ,
           where
           one
           
             Roger
             Williams
          
           a
           Welchman
           ,
           performed
           great
           Service
           ,
           yet
           the
           Spaniards
           took
           that
           Town
           also
           ,
           while
           the
           Earl
           of
           Leicester
           was
           beating
           the
           Spaniard
           out
           of
           the
           Betou
           ,
           a
           River
           Island
           lying
           ▪
           
           between
           the
           Rhine
           and
           the
           Waul
           ,
           and
           near
           the
           Tolhuis
           ,
           built
           a
           strong
           Sconce
           .
           After
           which
           ,
           the
           Lord
           Willoughby
           ,
           Governour
           of
           Bergen-op-zoom
           ,
           cut
           off
           the
           Enemies
           ▪
           Convoys
           ,
           and
           took
           away
           their
           Provisions
           .
           And
           Sir
           
             Philip
             Sidney
          
           ,
           with
           Maurice
           the
           Prince
           of
           Orange's
           Son
           ,
           took
           in
           Axill
           a
           Town
           in
           Flanders
           ;
           and
           Doesburgh
           was
           likewise
           besieged
           ,
           and
           taken
           by
           the
           Earl
           of
           Leicester
           .
           But
           in
           a
           Rencounter
           before
           Zutphen
           ,
           was
           the
           renowned
           Sir
           
             Philip
             Sidney
          
           slain
           ,
           being
           the
           greatest
           Ornament
           of
           the
           Age
           he
           lived
           in
           :
           he
           was
           honoured
           with
           an
           Epitaph
           by
           the
           King
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           and
           both
           Universities
           celebrated
           his
           Memory
           with
           Elegies
           ,
           and
           his
           Funerals
           were
           solemniz'd
           with
           great
           Ceremony
           ,
           in
           St.
           Paul's
           Church
           in
           London
           .
           The
           Earl
           of
           Leicester
           laid
           siege
           to
           Zutphen
           ,
           but
           the
           Winter
           Season
           being
           far
           advanced
           ,
           he
           was
           forced
           to
           quit
           the
           farther
           Prosecution
           of
           it
           ,
           leaving
           it
           only
           blocked
           up
           ,
           and
           returned
           to
           the
           Hague
           ,
           where
           the
           States
           entertained
           him
           with
           Complaints
           of
           his
           Conduct
           ,
           and
           the
           ill
           Circumstances
           he
           had
           thereby
           brought
           them
           into
           ;
           whereupon
           ,
           he
           took
           away
           the
           Jurisdiction
           of
           the
           States
           Council
           ,
           and
           Presidents
           
           of
           the
           Provinces
           ,
           and
           then
           returned
           into
           England
           .
        
         
           About
           this
           time
           was
           concluded
           the
           League
           of
           strict
           Amity
           between
           the
           Queen
           of
           England
           and
           the
           King
           of
           Scotland
           ;
           being
           chiefly
           designed
           for
           the
           maintenance
           of
           the
           Reformed
           Religion
           .
           Shortly
           after
           the
           Conclusion
           of
           which
           League
           ,
           was
           discovered
           a
           new
           dangerous
           Conspiracy
           against
           the
           Queen
           ;
           one
           
             John
             Savage
          
           ,
           having
           been
           perswaded
           by
           some
           Popish
           Priests
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           a
           meritorious
           Work
           ,
           to
           take
           away
           the
           Lives
           of
           excommunicated
           Princes
           .
           Hereupon
           was
           a
           Combination
           made
           of
           English
           Catholicks
           ,
           and
           Correspondence
           held
           with
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           ,
           the
           Pope
           ,
           the
           Guises
           ,
           the
           Spaniard
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           Enemies
           of
           the
           Queen
           and
           the
           Protestant
           Religion
           ;
           but
           was
           first
           discovered
           by
           one
           of
           the
           Plotters
           themselves
           ,
           and
           confessed
           by
           the
           rest
           ,
           both
           before
           and
           at
           their
           Executions
           :
           whereupon
           ,
           long
           Debates
           and
           Consultations
           were
           held
           ,
           what
           was
           to
           be
           done
           with
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           :
           and
           at
           length
           those
           Voices
           prevailed
           ,
           that
           were
           for
           the
           bringing
           her
           to
           her
           Tryal
           :
           insomuch
           ,
           that
           the
           Queen
           was
           perswaded
           to
           sign
           a
           Patent
           for
           the
           constituting
           
           the
           Arch-bishop
           of
           Canterbury
           ,
           the
           principal
           Officers
           of
           the
           Crown
           ,
           the
           chief
           Nobility
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           and
           the
           Privy
           Counsel
           her
           Commissioners
           ,
           to
           hear
           and
           try
           that
           Queens
           Cause
           .
           But
           the
           
             Queen
             of
             Scots
          
           for
           some
           time
           ,
           refused
           to
           plead
           ,
           as
           being
           an
           absolute
           Princess
           ,
           and
           therefore
           exempted
           from
           any
           Jurisdiction
           :
           But
           ,
           at
           length
           consenting
           ,
           she
           was
           charged
           with
           having
           been
           privy
           to
           all
           the
           fore-mentioned
           Conspiracies
           ;
           consenting
           to
           the
           Invasion
           of
           England
           ,
           and
           the
           Queens
           Destruction
           by
           the
           confession
           of
           her
           Secretaries
           ,
           and
           the
           rest
           of
           the
           Traytors
           ,
           and
           which
           were
           confirmed
           by
           Letters
           of
           her
           own
           hand
           writing
           :
           And
           having
           little
           to
           say
           in
           her
           own
           Defence
           ,
           the
           Commissioners
           pronounced
           Sentence
           against
           her
           in
           the
           Star
           Chamber
           .
           And
           ,
           in
           a
           few
           days
           after
           ,
           the
           Parliament
           being
           convened
           at
           Westminster
           ,
           the
           Lords
           petitioned
           the
           Queen
           ,
           that
           the
           Sentence
           against
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           might
           be
           published
           :
           But
           the
           Queen
           made
           Answer
           ,
           That
           she
           could
           wish
           that
           that
           Sentence
           might
           deterr
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           from
           such
           like
           Contrivances
           for
           the
           future
           ,
           and
           that
           some
           Expedient
           might
           be
           found
           out
           ,
           for
           the
           saving
           
           her
           Life
           ,
           and
           yet
           secure
           England
           and
           it's
           Queen
           from
           further
           Attempts
           and
           Dangers
           of
           that
           kind
           .
           But
           ,
           both
           Houses
           replyed
           ,
           That
           neither
           her
           Majesty
           ,
           nor
           themselves
           ,
           were
           safe
           ,
           as
           long
           as
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           was
           living
           ;
           and
           pressed
           her
           so
           hard
           ,
           that
           the
           Sentence
           might
           be
           put
           in
           Execution
           ,
           that
           Commissioners
           were
           appointed
           to
           admonish
           her
           to
           prepare
           for
           Death
           ;
           which
           News
           ,
           she
           received
           without
           any
           change
           of
           Countenance
           ,
           or
           shew
           of
           Passion
           .
           And
           having
           that
           Night
           made
           her
           Will
           ,
           she
           ,
           with
           great
           Courage
           and
           Devotion
           ,
           prepared
           her self
           to
           dye
           the
           next
           day
           ,
           and
           was
           then
           accordingly
           beheaded
           ,
           in
           the
           six
           and
           fortieth
           of
           her
           Age
           ,
           and
           seventeenth
           year
           of
           her
           Imprisonment
           in
           England
           .
        
         
           But
           what
           most
           perswaded
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           to
           suffer
           the
           Sentence
           to
           be
           put
           in
           Execution
           ,
           was
           the
           French
           and
           Scottish
           Ambassadors
           finding
           their
           Sollicitations
           in
           the
           behalf
           of
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           ,
           to
           be
           to
           no
           purpose
           ,
           the
           French
           Ambassador
           had
           hired
           and
           excited
           some
           persons
           to
           kill
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           ;
           but
           being
           discovered
           both
           by
           the
           Confession
           of
           the
           Parties
           ,
           and
           the
           French
           Ambassadour
           
           himself
           ,
           and
           several
           Rumours
           spread
           abroad
           ,
           that
           the
           Spanish
           Fleet
           was
           already
           arrived
           at
           Milford
           Haven
           ;
           that
           the
           Scots
           were
           broken
           into
           England
           ;
           that
           the
           Duke
           of
           Guise
           was
           landed
           in
           Sussex
           ,
           with
           a
           strong
           Army
           ;
           that
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           was
           escaped
           out
           of
           Prison
           ,
           and
           levyed
           an
           armed
           Power
           ;
           that
           the
           Northern
           men
           had
           raised
           a
           Rebellion
           ;
           that
           there
           was
           a
           new
           Conspiracy
           to
           kill
           the
           Queen
           ,
           and
           set
           the
           City
           of
           London
           on
           Fire
           ;
           nay
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           Queen
           was
           dead
           .
           Insomuch
           ,
           that
           some
           Change
           being
           apprehended
           ,
           the
           Queen
           was
           ,
           after
           much
           Importunity
           ,
           prevailed
           with
           ,
           to
           sign
           the
           Sentence
           of
           Death
           .
           And
           the
           Scots
           report
           ,
           that
           one
           of
           the
           principal
           Perswaders
           was
           
             Patrick
             Grey
          
           ,
           who
           was
           sent
           from
           the
           King
           of
           Scots
           ,
           to
           perswade
           the
           Queen
           from
           putting
           his
           Mother
           to
           Death
           .
        
         
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           was
           so
           grieved
           when
           she
           received
           the
           News
           of
           her
           Death
           ,
           that
           she
           commanded
           her
           Counsellors
           from
           her
           Presence
           ,
           caused
           Davison
           to
           be
           cited
           in
           the
           Star-Chamber
           ,
           and
           fined
           ten
           thousand
           pounds
           .
           She
           likewise
           sent
           one
           to
           pacifie
           the
           King
           of
           Scots
           ,
           assuring
           that
           it
           was
           done
           against
           her
           Meaning
           and
           Privity
           ,
           
           giving
           him
           reasons
           why
           he
           should
           not
           break
           out
           into
           the
           revenge
           he
           threatned
           ,
           and
           signed
           an
           instrument
           ,
           attested
           with
           the
           Great
           Seal
           ,
           and
           with
           the
           hands
           of
           all
           the
           Judges
           of
           England
           ,
           that
           the
           Sentence
           against
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           ,
           could
           in
           no
           wise
           prejudice
           his
           Right
           to
           the
           Succession
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           the
           Queen
           had
           supplyed
           the
           King
           of
           Navarr
           and
           the
           Protestants
           of
           France
           ,
           with
           a
           great
           sum
           of
           Money
           .
           And
           for
           a
           Diversion
           to
           the
           Spaniard
           ,
           she
           sent
           Sir
           
             Francis
             Drake
          
           to
           the
           Court
           of
           Spain
           ,
           with
           four
           Men
           of
           War
           ,
           where
           he
           chased
           six
           Galleys
           in
           the
           Port
           of
           Cales
           ,
           took
           ,
           sunk
           ,
           and
           burnt
           ,
           above
           a
           hundred
           ships
           ,
           set
           upon
           their
           Forts
           ,
           and
           compelled
           them
           to
           yield
           ,
           took
           a
           vast
           rich
           Carrack
           ,
           called
           the
           St.
           
             Philip.
             Thomas
             Cavendish
          
           ,
           with
           three
           ships
           ,
           ravaged
           the
           
             West
             Indies
          
           at
           the
           same
           time
           ,
           took
           and
           pillaged
           nineteen
           great
           ships
           ,
           burnt
           and
           plundred
           a
           great
           number
           of
           the
           Spanish
           Towns
           ,
           and
           then
           returned
           home
           ;
           after
           having
           been
           the
           third
           ,
           after
           Magellan
           ,
           that
           had
           sayled
           round
           the
           World.
           
        
         
           During
           these
           successes
           of
           the
           English
           ,
           the
           Officers
           of
           the
           Earl
           of
           Leicester
           had
           employed
           ,
           
           having
           proved
           Treacherous
           in
           several
           instances
           ,
           the
           States
           accused
           the
           Earl
           to
           the
           Queen
           ,
           who
           thereupon
           called
           him
           home
           ,
           and
           he
           resigned
           the
           Government
           to
           the
           States
           ,
           Maurice
           of
           Nassaw
           ,
           Son
           to
           the
           Prince
           of
           Orange
           ,
           succeeding
           in
           his
           room
           at
           the
           Age
           of
           Twenty
           Years
           ,
           and
           the
           Lord
           Willoughby
           was
           made
           General
           of
           the
           English
           Forces
           in
           the
           Low
           Countries
           ,
           with
           orders
           from
           the
           Queen
           to
           reduce
           the
           English
           Factions
           into
           obedience
           of
           the
           States
           ,
           which
           he
           accordingly
           performed
           ,
           with
           the
           help
           of
           Prince
           Maurice
           :
           and
           was
           in
           the
           Year
           1588
           ,
           which
           by
           the
           German
           Chronologers
           was
           presaged
           to
           be
           the
           Climacterical
           Year
           of
           the
           World
           ,
           and
           indeed
           the
           Rumours
           of
           War
           ,
           and
           the
           extraordinary
           preparations
           that
           the
           Spaniards
           were
           making
           for
           an
           Invasion
           of
           England
           by
           their
           Invincible
           Armado
           ,
           seemed
           to
           justify
           their
           Predictions
           .
           At
           this
           time
           there
           was
           a
           Treaty
           of
           Peace
           held
           near
           Ostend
           ,
           between
           the
           English
           and
           Spanish
           Commissioners
           ,
           but
           designed
           by
           the
           Spaniards
           only
           to
           lull
           the
           English
           asleep
           ,
           till
           their
           Navy
           was
           arrived
           upon
           the
           Coast
           of
           England
           .
           This
           Invincible
           
           Armado
           consisted
           of
           one
           hundred
           and
           thirty
           ships
           ,
           whereof
           Galleasses
           and
           Galleons
           seventy
           two
           ,
           in
           which
           were
           nineteen
           Thousand
           two
           hundred
           and
           ninety
           Souldiers
           ;
           eight
           Thousand
           and
           fifty
           Mariners
           ;
           two
           Thousand
           and
           eighty
           Gally
           Slaves
           ;
           and
           two
           Thousand
           six
           hundred
           and
           thirty
           Pieces
           of
           great
           Canon
           .
           Twelve
           of
           their
           main
           ships
           being
           christned
           with
           the
           Names
           of
           the
           Twelve
           Apostles
           ;
           
             Alphorozo
             Per●z
          
           de
           Gusman
           ,
           being
           made
           principal
           Commander
           thereof
           .
           Besides
           extraordinary
           Preparations
           were
           making
           in
           Flanders
           ,
           and
           the
           Prince
           of
           Parma
           had
           orders
           to
           joyn
           them
           with
           fifty
           Thousand
           Men.
           
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           was
           preparing
           with
           all
           diligence
           ,
           as
           good
           a
           Fleet
           as
           she
           could
           ,
           making
           the
           Lord
           Howard
           of
           Effingham
           Admiral
           thereof
           ,
           and
           Sir
           
             Francis
             Drake
          
           Vice
           Admiral
           .
           The
           Lord
           
             Henry
             Seymour
          
           ,
           second
           Son
           to
           the
           Duke
           of
           Somerset
           ,
           was
           appointed
           to
           lie
           upon
           the
           Coasts
           of
           the
           Low
           Countries
           ,
           with
           forty
           English
           and
           Dutch
           ships
           ,
           for
           the
           hind'ring
           the
           Prince
           of
           Parma's
           coming
           forth
           with
           his
           Forces
           .
           At
           home
           along
           the
           Coasts
           were
           disposed
           twenty
           Tousand
           
           Men
           ,
           and
           besides
           two
           Armies
           of
           the
           choicest
           and
           expertest
           Men
           were
           raised
           ,
           the
           one
           under
           the
           Command
           of
           the
           Earl
           of
           Leicester
           ,
           consisting
           of
           a
           Thousand
           Horse
           ,
           and
           two
           and
           twenty
           Thousand
           Foot
           ,
           which
           encamped
           at
           Tilbury
           ;
           the
           Enemy
           being
           resolved
           to
           make
           their
           first
           Attack
           upon
           London
           ;
           the
           other
           under
           the
           Conduct
           of
           the
           
             Lord
             Hunsdon
          
           ,
           consisting
           of
           thirty
           four
           Thousand
           Foot
           ,
           and
           two
           Thousand
           Horse
           ,
           for
           the
           Guard
           of
           the
           Queens
           Person
           .
           A
           Council
           of
           War
           was
           likewise
           established
           of
           prudent
           and
           experienced
           Officers
           .
           All
           Sea
           Ports
           were
           likewise
           fortified
           and
           provided
           with
           all
           things
           necessary
           ,
           trusty
           and
           prudent
           Persons
           put
           into
           all
           Offices
           of
           Trust
           ,
           the
           most
           suspected
           Papists
           committed
           to
           custody
           ,
           the
           King
           of
           Scots
           perswaded
           to
           declare
           in
           favour
           of
           the
           Queen
           ,
           which
           he
           accordingly
           did
           with
           great
           Alacrity
           .
           And
           now
           at
           length
           ,
           after
           several
           false
           Rumours
           and
           Alarums
           ,
           the
           two
           Fleets
           meet
           and
           engage
           ,
           and
           after
           several
           days
           Fight
           ,
           the
           Spaniards
           were
           utterly
           defeated
           :
           Insomuch
           ,
           that
           of
           one
           hundred
           thirty
           four
           ships
           that
           set
           Sayl
           out
           of
           Lisbon
           ,
           only
           fifty
           three
           returned
           into
           Spain
           :
           Of
           the
           four
           Galleasses
           of
           Naples
           ,
           but
           
           one
           :
           of
           ninety
           one
           Gallions
           ,
           and
           great
           Hulks
           from
           divers
           Provinces
           ,
           only
           thirty
           three
           returned
           ,
           fifty
           eight
           being
           lost
           .
           In
           short
           ,
           the
           Spaniards
           lost
           in
           this
           Expedition
           ,
           fourscore
           and
           one
           ships
           ,
           thirteen
           thousand
           five
           hundred
           and
           odd
           Souldiers
           .
           Prisoners
           taken
           in
           
             Ireland
             ,
             Zeland
          
           ,
           and
           the
           Low
           Countries
           ,
           were
           above
           two
           Thousand
           ;
           insomuch
           ,
           that
           there
           was
           no
           Famous
           or
           Noble
           Family
           in
           all
           Spain
           ,
           but
           what
           lost
           a
           Son
           ,
           Brother
           ,
           or
           Kinsman
           in
           this
           Expedition
           .
        
         
           During
           these
           Transactions
           at
           Sea
           ,
           the
           Queen
           went
           in
           Person
           to
           Tilbury
           ,
           to
           view
           the
           Army
           and
           Camp
           there
           ,
           which
           she
           did
           with
           a
           Leaders
           Truncheon
           in
           her
           hand
           ;
           and
           with
           such
           a
           Resolution
           ,
           that
           it
           strangely
           animated
           the
           Courages
           of
           them
           all
           .
           And
           thus
           was
           that
           Invincible
           Armado
           utterly
           defeated
           ,
           that
           so
           many
           Countries
           had
           been
           so
           many
           Years
           preparing
           ,
           that
           had
           been
           sanctified
           and
           blessed
           by
           the
           Pope
           ,
           with
           all
           the
           Superstitions
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           ,
           and
           though
           Pope
           
             Sixtus
             Quintus
          
           had
           likewise
           sent
           Cardinal
           Allen
           ,
           an
           English
           Man
           ,
           into
           the
           Low
           Countries
           ,
           and
           renewed
           the
           Bulls
           and
           Declarations
           of
           his
           Predecessours
           ,
           excommunicating
           the
           
           Queen
           ,
           dethroning
           her
           ,
           absolving
           her
           Subjects
           from
           all
           Allegiance
           ,
           and
           publishing
           his
           Croisado
           in
           Print
           ,
           as
           against
           Heathens
           and
           Infidels
           ,
           giving
           plenary
           Indulgences
           to
           all
           that
           should
           offer
           their
           Assistance
           .
           For
           this
           extraordinary
           Victory
           ,
           the
           Queen
           caused
           publick
           Thansgivings
           to
           be
           made
           to
           God
           throughout
           all
           England
           ,
           assisting
           thereat
           her self
           with
           all
           Humility
           ,
           Acknowledgment
           ,
           and
           Ceremony
           imaginable
           .
           Her
           Majesty
           likewise
           rewarded
           those
           who
           had
           signalized
           themselves
           in
           this
           Occasion
           .
        
         
           Shortly
           after
           this
           Success
           ,
           dyed
           the
           great
           Earl
           of
           Leicester
           ,
           of
           a
           Fever
           ;
           and
           the
           Prince
           of
           Parma
           for
           the
           regaining
           again
           some
           of
           the
           Honour
           the
           Spaniards
           had
           lost
           in
           this
           Expedition
           ,
           undertook
           the
           siege
           of
           Bergen-op-zoom
           ;
           but
           that
           Place
           being
           garrison'd
           with
           English
           ,
           he
           was
           beaten
           from
           before
           it
           ,
           and
           forced
           to
           raise
           his
           siege
           .
        
         
           About
           this
           time
           ,
           the
           Earl
           of
           Arundel
           was
           brought
           to
           his
           Tryal
           ,
           for
           conspiring
           with
           the
           Pope
           ,
           against
           the
           Queen
           ;
           and
           was
           found
           guilty
           ,
           and
           condemned
           by
           his
           Peers
           ,
           but
           reprived
           by
           the
           Queen
           .
           In
           
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           Sir
           
             John
             Norris
          
           and
           Sir
           
             Francis
             Drake
          
           ,
           undertook
           an
           Expedition
           into
           Portugal
           ,
           for
           the
           establishing
           
             Don
             Antonio
          
           ,
           a
           natural
           Son
           of
           a
           King
           of
           that
           Realm
           ,
           upon
           the
           Throne
           thereof
           ;
           but
           ,
           though
           they
           joyned
           with
           the
           Earl
           of
           Essex
           ,
           who
           was
           put
           to
           Sea
           ,
           without
           the
           Queen's
           Leave
           ,
           and
           advanced
           to
           the
           Gates
           of
           Lisbon
           ,
           yet
           they
           returned
           without
           having
           effected
           their
           Design
           .
        
         
           About
           this
           time
           ,
           the
           Popish
           Princes
           of
           France
           entred
           into
           a
           new
           Combination
           ,
           for
           the
           extirpating
           the
           Reformed
           Religion
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           ,
           calling
           this
           their
           Association
           ,
           the
           holy
           League
           .
           The
           Head
           of
           this
           League
           was
           the
           Duke
           of
           Guise
           ,
           who
           finding
           his
           Party
           much
           the
           strongest
           ,
           and
           being
           above
           measure
           extolled
           by
           the
           Catholicks
           of
           all
           Parties
           ,
           it
           inspired
           him
           with
           the
           Vanity
           of
           aiming
           at
           the
           Crown
           for
           himself
           ;
           which
           the
           King
           being
           sensible
           of
           ,
           caused
           him
           to
           be
           put
           to
           Death
           ,
           at
           the
           Assembly
           of
           Blois
           ,
           in
           the
           midst
           of
           all
           his
           Hopes
           .
           Hereupon
           ,
           extraordinary
           Combustions
           and
           Distractions
           followed
           ;
           and
           at
           length
           ,
           the
           King
           himself
           was
           most
           impiously
           murdered
           by
           a
           Monk
           ;
           after
           which
           ,
           the
           Popish
           Faction
           proclaimed
           
           the
           Cardinal
           of
           Bouillon
           King
           of
           France
           ,
           but
           the
           King
           of
           Navarr
           ,
           being
           the
           next
           Heir
           ,
           proclaimed
           King
           at
           the
           same
           time
           by
           all
           true
           Subjects
           ,
           and
           supplyed
           with
           Men
           and
           Money
           by
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ,
           he
           not
           only
           maintained
           his
           Cause
           against
           his
           Enemies
           ,
           but
           vanquished
           them
           upon
           all
           Occasions
           .
           It
           was
           now
           ,
           that
           the
           King
           of
           Scots
           contracted
           Marriage
           with
           Ann
           Daughter
           of
           the
           King
           of
           Denmark
           ,
           with
           Queen
           Elizabeth's
           Consent
           ;
           and
           which
           was
           afterwards
           consummated
           by
           him
           in
           Norway
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           the
           Queen
           continued
           her
           Preparations
           against
           all
           Surprizes
           of
           her
           Enemies
           ;
           she
           likewise
           soon
           quashed
           and
           quieted
           the
           Commotions
           that
           were
           then
           in
           Ireland
           ,
           composed
           and
           reconciled
           the
           Differences
           that
           were
           amongst
           the
           States
           of
           the
           Low
           Countries
           ,
           took
           care
           to
           assist
           them
           against
           their
           Enemies
           ;
           restrained
           Pyrates
           ,
           and
           upon
           the
           Desire
           of
           the
           French
           King
           ,
           sent
           the
           Earl
           of
           Essex
           with
           an
           Army
           to
           his
           Assistance
           ,
           wherein
           the
           English
           performed
           extraordinary
           things
           ;
           and
           Sir
           
             Roger
             Williams
          
           ,
           in
           Honour
           of
           his
           Nation
           ,
           sent
           a
           Challenge
           to
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           to
           encounter
           two
           hundred
           
           Pike-men
           of
           the
           English
           ,
           and
           a
           hundred
           Musqeteers
           ,
           with
           as
           many
           Spaniards
           ,
           in
           open
           Field
           ;
           for
           which
           ,
           and
           several
           other
           couragious
           Exploits
           ,
           the
           French
           King
           highly
           extolled
           him
           ,
           in
           his
           Letters
           to
           the
           Queen
           .
           The
           King
           of
           Poland
           and
           Prince
           of
           Moldavia
           ,
           being
           under
           ill
           Circumstances
           with
           the
           Great
           Turk
           ,
           implored
           Queen
           Elizabeths
           Intercession
           in
           their
           behalf
           ;
           which
           she
           readily
           granted
           ,
           and
           obtained
           a
           Peace
           for
           them
           upon
           very
           advantagious
           Terms
           .
        
         
           At
           this
           time
           ,
           
             Brian
             O
             Rorl
          
           ,
           an
           Irish
           Potentate
           ,
           was
           convicted
           at
           Westminster
           ,
           and
           hanged
           for
           High
           Treason
           ;
           as
           likewise
           ,
           one
           Hacket
           ,
           with
           his
           Adherents
           ,
           for
           their
           blasphemous
           Carriage
           and
           Expressions
           .
           A
           new
           Proclamation
           came
           out
           likewise
           against
           the
           Papists
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           Preservation
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           as
           established
           .
           Sir
           
             John
             Perrot
          
           was
           likewise
           about
           this
           time
           ,
           tryed
           and
           condemned
           for
           Treason
           ,
           but
           reprieved
           by
           the
           Queen
           .
           About
           this
           time
           ,
           the
           Colledge
           of
           Dublin
           was
           constituted
           an
           University
           ;
           and
           then
           broke
           out
           some
           new
           Troubles
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           through
           the
           Instigations
           of
           the
           Lord
           Bothwell
           ,
           for
           which
           he
           was
           proclaimed
           a
           Traytor
           .
           
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           dyed
           the
           Prince
           of
           Parma
           ,
           a
           Person
           of
           extraordinary
           Accomplishments
           ,
           and
           admired
           by
           his
           very
           Enemies
           .
           Just
           before
           whose
           Death
           ,
           the
           Earl
           of
           Essex
           was
           recalled
           home
           out
           of
           France
           ,
           after
           very
           great
           performances
           ,
           and
           having
           challenged
           the
           Governour
           of
           Roàn
           ,
           one
           of
           the
           most
           considerable
           Lords
           of
           France
           ,
           who
           thought
           it
           not
           safe
           to
           answer
           him
           .
           In
           the
           mean
           while
           Sir
           
             Walter
             Rawleigh
          
           was
           sent
           into
           America
           ,
           with
           a
           considerable
           Fleet
           ,
           for
           the
           intercepting
           the
           Spanish
           Navy
           ,
           but
           receiving
           intelligence
           ,
           that
           it
           would
           not
           come
           out
           that
           Year
           ,
           he
           divided
           his
           Fleet
           to
           see
           what
           other
           Prizes
           they
           could
           get
           ,
           and
           thereupon
           took
           a
           great
           Coraque
           ,
           called
           ,
           
             The
             Mother
             of
             God
          
           ,
           the
           Prize
           being
           valued
           at
           above
           an
           hundred
           and
           fifty
           thousand
           Pounds
           sterling
           ,
           besides
           what
           the
           Officers
           and
           Souldiers
           had
           pilfred
           for
           themselves
           .
        
         
           
             Rebells
             Assascinating
             the
             Queen
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             Spanish
             Invasion
             in
             1588.
             
          
        
         
           
             The
             burning
             of
             Cadez
             by
             the
             Earl
             of
             Essex
             .
          
        
         
           About
           this
           time
           ,
           was
           executed
           one
           Hacket
           ,
           for
           endeavouring
           to
           perswade
           the
           Earl
           of
           Derby
           to
           take
           upon
           him
           the
           Title
           of
           England
           ,
           in
           Right
           of
           Descent
           from
           a
           Daughter
           of
           King
           Henry
           the
           Seventh
           ,
           which
           the
           Earl
           refused
           to
           do
           ,
           and
           likewise
           dyed
           shortly
           after
           .
        
         
           At
           this
           time
           broke
           out
           several
           fresh
           Rebellions
           in
           Ireland
           ,
           which
           were
           suddainly
           suppressed
           through
           the
           Queens
           
           Prudent
           Care
           and
           Conduct
           ;
           as
           likewise
           several
           Questions
           were
           started
           about
           the
           Succession
           ,
           some
           framing
           a
           Right
           in
           the
           Earl
           of
           Essex
           ,
           others
           in
           the
           Infanta
           of
           Spain
           ;
           and
           Books
           were
           likewise
           printed
           in
           favour
           of
           their
           Titles
           ,
           by
           the
           Catholick
           Party
           .
           During
           these
           Disputes
           ,
           was
           born
           Henry
           Prince
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           to
           whom
           the
           Queen
           was
           Godmother
           ;
           and
           now
           the
           Papists
           renew
           their
           Attempts
           against
           the
           Queens
           Life
           ,
           having
           by
           a
           great
           Sum
           of
           Money
           perswaded
           one
           
             Roderick
             Lopez
          
           ,
           a
           Jew
           ,
           and
           Physician
           to
           the
           Queen
           ,
           to
           Poyson
           her
           ;
           and
           had
           likewise
           engaged
           several
           Portugals
           in
           the
           same
           Design
           ;
           but
           this
           Plot
           of
           theirs
           being
           discovered
           by
           intercepted
           Letters
           ,
           and
           afterwards
           confirmed
           by
           their
           own
           Confessions
           ,
           they
           were
           accordingly
           executed
           ,
           as
           likewise
           one
           
             Patrick
             Cullen
          
           an
           Irish
           Man
           ,
           who
           had
           been
           sent
           by
           the
           English
           Fugitives
           to
           kill
           the
           Queen
           .
        
         
           Amongst
           other
           Expeditions
           and
           Voyages
           of
           the
           English
           into
           America
           ,
           was
           that
           of
           
             James
             Lancaster
          
           ,
           who
           returned
           home
           about
           this
           time
           ,
           after
           having
           took
           nine
           and
           thirty
           Spanish
           ships
           ,
           and
           loaded
           fifteen
           more
           with
           the
           Wealth
           of
           an
           
             Indian
             Caraque
          
           .
        
         
         
           About
           this
           time
           ,
           
             William
             Russel
          
           ,
           youngest
           Son
           of
           the
           Earl
           of
           Bedford
           ,
           was
           sent
           Deputy
           into
           Ireland
           ,
           in
           the
           room
           of
           Sir
           
             William
             Fitz
             Williams
          
           ,
           who
           was
           called
           home
           ;
           and
           this
           new
           Deputy
           quickly
           brought
           the
           Rebells
           there
           to
           submission
           .
           There
           was
           likewise
           a
           new
           ,
           but
           false
           rumour
           ,
           spread
           abroad
           ,
           that
           the
           Spaniards
           were
           equipping
           a
           Fleet
           for
           the
           invading
           of
           England
           again
           .
           At
           which
           time
           two
           Papists
           were
           executed
           for
           having
           designed
           the
           Death
           of
           the
           Queen
           .
           The
           King
           of
           Scots
           was
           now
           making
           Levies
           all
           over
           Scotland
           ,
           for
           the
           joyning
           with
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           ,
           and
           resisting
           the
           Spaniard
           .
           Sir
           
             Walter
             Rawleigh
          
           being
           now
           under
           some
           Disgrace
           at
           Court
           ,
           undertook
           a
           Voyage
           to
           Guyana
           ,
           and
           though
           he
           did
           considerable
           dammage
           to
           the
           Spaniard
           ,
           yet
           this
           Expedition
           was
           of
           little
           advantage
           to
           the
           English
           or
           himself
           .
           Sir
           
             Francis
             Drake
          
           and
           Sir
           
             John
             Hawkins
          
           ,
           with
           several
           others
           ,
           went
           again
           into
           America
           ,
           but
           not
           meeting
           with
           the
           success
           they
           had
           promised
           themselves
           ,
           they
           dyed
           ,
           what
           of
           Grief
           ,
           what
           of
           sickness
           ,
           and
           the
           Fleet
           returned
           home
           without
           having
           done
           any
           great
           Exploits
           .
           During
           these
           Expeditions
           abroad
           ,
           the
           
           Combustions
           in
           Ireland
           being
           grown
           to
           a
           considerable
           height
           ,
           and
           those
           Rebells
           having
           craved
           the
           assistance
           of
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           ,
           Sir
           
             John
             Norris
          
           was
           sent
           over
           thither
           with
           new
           Forces
           to
           aid
           the
           Deputy
           .
        
         
           The
           
             Arch
             Duke
          
           and
           Cardinal
           of
           Austria
           being
           now
           made
           Governour
           of
           the
           Spanish
           Netherlands
           ,
           he
           unexpectedly
           attacqued
           and
           took
           in
           Cales
           .
           Whereupon
           the
           Queen
           sent
           supplies
           of
           Money
           to
           the
           French
           King
           ,
           and
           gave
           order
           for
           the
           immediate
           raising
           a
           choice
           Army
           ,
           whereof
           she
           made
           the
           Earl
           of
           Essex
           General
           ,
           and
           fitted
           out
           a
           Fleet
           under
           the
           Command
           of
           
             Charles
             Howard
          
           ,
           Lord
           High
           Admiral
           of
           England
           :
           these
           Forces
           (
           amongst
           whom
           were
           several
           Volunteers
           of
           the
           Principal
           Nobility
           and
           Gentry
           )
           being
           put
           on
           Board
           the
           ships
           ,
           they
           set
           Sail
           under
           the
           Conduct
           of
           the
           foresaid
           Lords
           ,
           under
           Sir
           
             Walter
             Rawleigh
          
           ,
           Sir
           
             Francis
             Vere
          
           ,
           and
           other
           the
           Principal
           Commanders
           of
           the
           Realm
           ,
           and
           arrived
           before
           Cales
           ;
           and
           having
           before
           received
           intelligence
           that
           there
           lay
           at
           Anchor
           in
           that
           Haven
           ,
           several
           Galleys
           ,
           Men
           of
           War
           ,
           and
           a
           number
           of
           Merchants
           ,
           it
           was
           resolved
           in
           the
           Council
           of
           War
           ,
           that
           they
           should
           be
           attacked
           .
           Whereupon
           the
           
           Earl
           of
           Essex
           flung
           up
           his
           Hat
           for
           joy
           .
           The
           English
           thereupon
           first
           engaged
           the
           Spanish
           Ships
           and
           Gallions
           ,
           which
           they
           did
           with
           that
           Vehemence
           ,
           that
           some
           were
           burnt
           by
           them
           ,
           others
           by
           the
           Spaniards
           themselves
           ,
           but
           the
           Gallies
           made
           their
           escape
           by
           creeping
           along
           the
           shoar
           .
           When
           the
           Sea
           engagement
           was
           at
           an
           end
           ,
           the
           Earl
           of
           Essex
           landed
           with
           eight
           hundred
           Souldiers
           at
           Puntal
           ,
           about
           a
           League
           from
           the
           Town
           of
           Cales
           ,
           and
           the
           Spanish
           Forces
           that
           were
           there
           abouts
           ,
           being
           drawn
           up
           between
           the
           Town
           and
           them
           ,
           with
           design
           to
           have
           intercepted
           them
           ,
           the
           English
           attacqued
           them
           with
           that
           fury
           ,
           that
           they
           put
           them
           to
           rout
           ,
           but
           upon
           consideration
           ,
           they
           thought
           fit
           to
           make
           a
           feigned
           Retreat
           ,
           that
           the
           Fugitives
           might
           rally
           and
           joyn
           the
           Troops
           of
           Cales
           ,
           which
           such
           a
           Stratagem
           was
           hoped
           might
           entice
           out
           of
           the
           Town
           .
           Which
           succeeding
           accordingly
           ,
           they
           fell
           upon
           them
           again
           with
           that
           English
           Fury
           and
           Courage
           ,
           that
           great
           numbers
           of
           them
           were
           slain
           ,
           and
           the
           rest
           were
           forced
           to
           take
           refuge
           in
           the
           Town
           ,
           where
           the
           English
           quickly
           overtook
           them
           ;
           for
           the
           Gate
           being
           broke
           by
           Sir
           Francis
           
           Vere
           ,
           and
           other
           parts
           of
           the
           Town
           scaled
           by
           the
           English
           ,
           insomuch
           ,
           that
           that
           wealthy
           Town
           was
           taken
           by
           Assault
           ,
           and
           the
           Castle
           upon
           Condition
           ,
           that
           the
           Inhabitants
           might
           depart
           with
           Cloaths
           on
           their
           Back
           ,
           the
           rest
           left
           for
           Plunder
           ;
           the
           Castle
           being
           to
           be
           redeemed
           for
           five
           hundred
           and
           fourscore
           thousand
           Duckets
           ;
           forty
           of
           the
           Principal
           Cittizens
           being
           sent
           Hostages
           for
           the
           payment
           into
           England
           ,
           a
           vast
           quantity
           of
           Money
           and
           Ammunition
           being
           found
           in
           the
           Town
           .
           The
           Spaniards
           likewise
           proffered
           Sir
           
             Walter
             Rawleigh
          
           two
           Millions
           of
           Duckets
           to
           exempt
           their
           ships
           from
           firing
           ,
           which
           he
           would
           not
           hearken
           to
           ;
           saying
           ,
           That
           he
           
             was
             sent
             to
             destroy
             ships
             ,
             not
             to
             dismiss
             them
             upon
             Composition
             .
          
           And
           it
           was
           generally
           calculated
           and
           acknowledged
           by
           all
           People
           ,
           that
           the
           Spaniard
           was
           damnified
           by
           this
           Expedition
           ,
           twenty
           Millions
           of
           Duckets
           .
           The
           Fleet
           being
           returned
           home
           after
           this
           Glorious
           Victory
           ,
           the
           Queen
           made
           Sir
           
             Francis
             Vere
          
           Governour
           of
           the
           Briel
           ,
           and
           rewarded
           all
           the
           rest
           according
           to
           their
           Deserts
           .
        
         
           The
           Spaniard
           in
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           to
           repair
           the
           Honour
           he
           had
           lost
           at
           Cales
           ,
           set
           forth
           a
           new
           great
           Fleet
           for
           the
           Invasion
           of
           
           England
           and
           Ireland
           ,
           but
           were
           most
           of
           them
           castaway
           by
           Storm
           ,
           before
           the
           News
           of
           their
           fitting
           out
           came
           into
           England
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           while
           ,
           the
           Queen
           fortify'd
           her
           Ports
           ,
           and
           provided
           her self
           against
           any
           farther
           Attempts
           of
           that
           kind
           .
           She
           likewise
           entred
           into
           a
           League
           Offensive
           and
           Defensive
           ,
           with
           the
           French
           King
           ,
           hearing
           that
           the
           Spaniards
           were
           preparing
           a
           new
           Navy
           against
           Ireland
           .
           Whereupon
           ,
           the
           Queen
           caused
           a
           considerable
           Fleet
           ,
           under
           the
           Command
           of
           the
           Earl
           of
           Essex
           ,
           to
           put
           forth
           to
           the
           Coast
           of
           Spain
           .
           After
           they
           had
           taken
           and
           plundered
           some
           Towns
           ,
           and
           likewise
           ,
           made
           a
           Prize
           of
           some
           of
           their
           India
           Ships
           ,
           they
           returned
           home
           ,
           but
           not
           with
           all
           the
           Success
           they
           had
           promised
           themselves
           at
           their
           setting
           out
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           contrary
           Winds
           and
           Tempests
           they
           had
           met
           with
           in
           their
           Voyage
           .
           Essex
           ,
           at
           his
           coming
           to
           Court
           ,
           was
           something
           disgusted
           to
           find
           that
           some
           of
           his
           Competitors
           to
           the
           Queens
           Favours
           ,
           had
           been
           raised
           to
           new
           Honours
           ,
           Dignities
           and
           Places
           during
           his
           Absence
           ;
           but
           was
           something
           pacified
           by
           the
           Queens
           creating
           him
           Earl
           Marshal
           of
           England
           .
           But
           ,
           during
           these
           Transactions
           ,
           
           the
           English
           did
           extraordinary
           Performances
           in
           France
           ,
           in
           behalf
           of
           that
           King
           ,
           which
           he
           acknowledged
           in
           his
           Letters
           to
           the
           Queen
           ;
           and
           craved
           farther
           ▪
           Assistance
           from
           her
           Majesty
           ,
           upon
           the
           Spaniards
           having
           gained
           some
           Advantage
           over
           him
           ,
           which
           was
           accordingly
           granted
           .
           But
           the
           French
           ,
           a
           while
           after
           ,
           upon
           the
           Instigation
           of
           the
           Pope
           ,
           concluded
           Peace
           with
           Spain
           ,
           notwithstanding
           the
           Instances
           that
           were
           made
           to
           him
           by
           the
           Queen
           and
           the
           States
           General
           ,
           to
           the
           contrary
           .
           Hereupon
           followed
           a
           Consultation
           ,
           whether
           a
           Treaty
           of
           Peace
           was
           to
           be
           held
           with
           the
           Spaniard
           ;
           which
           being
           opposed
           by
           the
           Earl
           of
           Essex
           ,
           was
           laid
           aside
           for
           som
           time
           ;
           but
           then
           again
           revived
           ,
           through
           the
           Mediation
           of
           the
           French
           ,
           and
           the
           Commissioners
           met
           accordingly
           at
           Bulloign
           ;
           but
           upon
           Dispute
           of
           Precedency
           ,
           was
           broken
           off
           altogether
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           Tir-Oen
           breaking
           out
           into
           open
           Rebellion
           in
           Ireland
           ,
           and
           having
           gained
           a
           greater
           Victory
           of
           the
           English
           than
           the
           Irish
           had
           ever
           done
           before
           ,
           after
           some
           debate
           ,
           the
           Earl
           of
           Essex
           was
           sent
           thither
           ,
           with
           ample
           Authority
           ;
           but
           not
           meeting
           with
           that
           Success
           he
           had
           
           promised
           ,
           and
           having
           Intelligence
           ,
           that
           his
           Conduct
           was
           become
           suspected
           at
           Court
           ,
           he
           returns
           into
           England
           without
           the
           Queens
           Permission
           ;
           whereupon
           ,
           he
           was
           committed
           to
           Custody
           ,
           and
           brought
           to
           a
           private
           Tryal
           ;
           but
           ,
           upon
           his
           Submission
           and
           Repentance
           ,
           was
           again
           set
           at
           Liberty
           :
           yet
           ,
           being
           reproached
           with
           pusillanimity
           by
           some
           of
           his
           Cabal
           ,
           he
           turned
           Male-content
           ,
           used
           all
           means
           to
           gain
           the
           Peoples
           Love
           ,
           resolves
           to
           sieze
           on
           the
           Queen
           ;
           but
           being
           disappointed
           ,
           he
           retired
           into
           the
           City
           ,
           endeavouring
           to
           engage
           the
           Citizrns
           on
           his
           side
           ;
           which
           not
           being
           able
           to
           effect●
           he
           yielded
           himself
           up
           at
           length
           to
           the
           Lord
           Admiral
           ,
           and
           was
           sent
           to
           the
           Tower
           ,
           with
           his
           great
           Friend
           ,
           the
           Earl
           of
           Southampton
           ;
           both
           whom
           ,
           being
           brought
           to
           their
           Tryal
           ,
           were
           found
           guilty
           by
           their
           Peers
           ;
           and
           Essex
           accordingly
           beheaded
           :
           but
           the
           Earl
           of
           Southampton
           ,
           the
           Queen
           was
           graciously
           pleased
           to
           reprieve
           .
           But
           others
           of
           his
           Adherents
           ,
           as
           Sir
           
             Charles
             Dorves
          
           ,
           Sir
           
             Christopher
             Blunt
          
           ,
           one
           Cuffe
           and
           Merrick
           suffered
           likewise
           Death
           ;
           the
           two
           former
           being
           beheaded
           ,
           and
           the
           two
           latter
           executed
           at
           Tyburn
           .
        
         
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           happened
           the
           famous
           Battel
           of
           Newport
           ,
           under
           the
           Conduct
           of
           Prince
           Maurice
           of
           Nassaw
           ,
           where
           the
           Dutch
           gained
           a
           great
           Victory
           by
           the
           English
           Valour
           ,
           who
           were
           led
           by
           Sir
           
             Francis
             Vere
          
           ,
           and
           his
           Brother
           Horatio
           ;
           they
           slew
           nine
           thousand
           of
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           the
           English
           being
           but
           fifteen
           hundred
           ,
           had
           eight
           hundred
           slain
           and
           mortally
           wounded
           ,
           eight
           Captains
           killed
           ,
           every
           man
           of
           the
           rest
           hurt
           .
        
         
           During
           these
           Occurrences
           ,
           dyed
           Philip
           King
           of
           Spain
           ,
           and
           the
           Earl
           of
           Cumberland
           returned
           home
           from
           an
           Expedition
           he
           had
           undertook
           against
           the
           Spaniard
           ;
           wherein
           he
           did
           great
           Dammage
           to
           them
           ,
           but
           gained
           little
           profit
           to
           himself
           .
           About
           this
           time
           ,
           was
           executed
           one
           
             Edward
             Squire
          
           for
           attempting
           to
           kill
           and
           poyson
           the
           Queen
           ,
           and
           some
           of
           her
           chief
           Ministers
           ,
           having
           been
           excited
           thereunto
           by
           the
           Jesuits
           and
           Popish
           Priests
           .
           Shortly
           after
           which
           ,
           was
           founded
           the
           Company
           of
           the
           
             East
             India
          
           Merchants
           ,
           the
           Queen
           allowing
           them
           very
           large
           Priviledges
           .
           Some
           time
           after
           ,
           Sir
           
             Richard
             Levison
          
           and
           Sir
           
             William
             Monson
          
           ,
           with
           eight
           men
           of
           War
           ,
           and
           some
           smaller
           Ships
           ,
           were
           sent
           out
           by
           
           the
           Queen
           to
           attempt
           something
           upon
           the
           Spaniard
           ,
           who
           a
           little
           before
           had
           sent
           considerable
           Forces
           to
           the
           Assistance
           of
           the
           Rebells
           in
           Ireland
           ;
           who
           being
           joyned
           with
           them
           ,
           made
           an
           Army
           of
           above
           twelve
           thousand
           men
           :
           and
           now
           ,
           thinking
           themselves
           secure
           of
           Victory
           ,
           as
           being
           double
           the
           number
           of
           the
           English
           ,
           they
           resolved
           to
           fight
           ,
           but
           were
           utterly
           defeated
           by
           the
           English
           ,
           twelve
           hundred
           being
           slain
           ,
           and
           most
           of
           the
           rest
           taken
           Prisoners
           ,
           the
           Spanish
           General
           ,
           with
           most
           of
           the
           Officers
           ,
           being
           of
           the
           Number
           ;
           and
           the
           other
           Spanish
           Commanders
           were
           forced
           to
           deliver
           up
           the
           Forts
           they
           held
           in
           that
           Kingdom
           ,
           and
           depart
           ;
           whereupon
           ,
           Tir-Oen
           ,
           and
           the
           rest
           of
           the
           Rebells
           ,
           submitted
           themselves
           ,
           without
           any
           Condition
           ,
           to
           the
           Queen
           .
           Now
           ,
           though
           the
           Dutch
           had
           failed
           of
           the
           promised
           Assistance
           to
           Levison
           and
           Monson
           ,
           yet
           they
           first
           attacked
           the
           Spanish
           Navy
           ,
           to
           which
           ,
           they
           did
           great
           Damage
           ;
           and
           at
           length
           ,
           took
           an
           
             Indian
             Carraque
          
           of
           sixteen
           hundred
           Tun
           ,
           and
           worth
           a
           Million
           of
           Duckets
           ;
           though
           it
           lay
           under
           the
           shelter
           of
           one
           of
           their
           Forts
           ,
           and
           guarded
           by
           eleven
           Gallies
           ;
           and
           returned
           home
           ,
           having
           lost
           but
           five
           men
           in
           their
           Voyage
           .
        
         
         
           At
           this
           time
           ,
           there
           happening
           some
           Dispute
           in
           England
           ,
           between
           the
           Jesuits
           and
           Secular
           Priests
           ,
           the
           Queen
           ,
           by
           Proclamation
           ,
           commanded
           them
           to
           depart
           the
           Realm
           immediately
           .
           She
           likewise
           interceeded
           with
           the
           French
           King
           ,
           in
           Favour
           of
           some
           Princes
           of
           the
           Protestant
           profession
           in
           France
           .
           And
           now
           in
           the
           Year
           1602.
           the
           Queen
           finding
           the
           Infirmities
           of
           old
           Age
           coming
           upon
           her
           ,
           having
           lived
           threescore
           and
           nine
           Years
           ,
           six
           Months
           ,
           and
           seven
           days
           ;
           reigned
           four
           and
           forty
           years
           ,
           four
           Months
           ,
           and
           seven
           Days
           ,
           she
           retired
           to
           Richmond
           ,
           where
           she
           dyed
           ,
           on
           the
           twenty
           fourth
           day
           of
           March
           ,
           being
           the
           last
           day
           of
           the
           Year
           ,
           1602.
           having
           a
           little
           before
           her
           Death
           ,
           supplyed
           the
           States
           of
           Geneva
           with
           a
           considerable
           Sum
           of
           Mony
           ,
           upon
           the
           notice
           she
           had
           of
           the
           Duke
           of
           Savoy's
           practising
           against
           ,
           and
           oppressing
           his
           Neighbours
           and
           Subjects
           of
           the
           Reformed
           Religion
           .
        
         
           FINIS
           .