Iacobs thankfulnesse to God, for Gods goodnesse to Iacob A meditation on Genesis 32. 10. VVherein by the way also the popish doctrine of mans merite is discussed. By Thomas Gataker, B. of D. and pastor of Rotherhith. Gataker, Thomas, 1574-1654. 1624 Approx. 284 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 56 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2005-03 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A01537 STC 11662 ESTC S102969 99838728 99838728 3116 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A01537) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 3116) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1475-1640 ; 1066:02) Iacobs thankfulnesse to God, for Gods goodnesse to Iacob A meditation on Genesis 32. 10. VVherein by the way also the popish doctrine of mans merite is discussed. By Thomas Gataker, B. of D. and pastor of Rotherhith. Gataker, Thomas, 1574-1654. [8], 97, [5] p. Printed by Iohn Haviland, for Fulke Clifton, and are to be sold at his shop upon new Fish-street Hill, London : 1624. Cf. Folger catalogue, which gives signatures: A-O⁴ (-O4). Variant: imprint has misprint "Havilamd". Reproduction of the original in the Bodleian Library. Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford. Re-processed by University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. 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Meditations. 2004-08 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2004-10 SPi Global Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2004-11 Andrew Kuster Sampled and proofread 2004-11 Andrew Kuster Text and markup reviewed and edited 2005-01 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion IACOBS THANKFVLNESSE TO GOD , FOR GODS GOODNESSE TO JACOB . A MEDITATION ON GENESIS 32.10 . Wherein by the way also the Popish Doctrine of Mans Merite is discussed . By THOMAS GATAKER , B. of D. and Pastor of Rotherhith . LONDON , Printed by IOHN HAVILAMD , for FVLKE CLIFTON , and are to be sold at his Shop upon new Fish-street Hill. 1624. TO THE RIGHT WORSHIPFVLL Sir WILLIAM WHITMORE , of Apley in Salope , Knight ; And Mr. GEORGE WHITMORE of London , Alderman ; Saving Health , true Honour , and eternall Happinesse . RIght VVorshipfull , I stood obliged to the Stock you both sprang frō , before I was able to apprehend what such obligatiō meant . Your worthy Mother was one of those that presented mee to the sacred Laver , and that undertooke there in my behalfe . Shee answered there for mee , * when I could not answer for my selfe ; and did further also then seale up her free affection to me with a reall testimonie of her Love. Neither did her kindnesse towards me then and there expire ; but as it was oft renewed in her life time , when occasion thereof was offered , so it ceased not untill her selfe deceased . Shee performed one of the first religious offices for mee soone after my birth : and it was one of her last pious workes to remember me , among others whom shee had performed the like office for , at the time of her decease . Some monument of my thankfull acknowledgement hereof being desirous to have extant , whom should I addresse it unto rather than yourselves ; the onely two Principalls now left of that Family ? Being therefore moved to make publike two of my weake Discourses , containing the explication of two portions of Scripture , of some neere relation the one to the other ; the one of them relating a memorable example of the performance of that that is promised in the other , to wit , of Gods blessing o● those with temporall things , that are carefull to looke after the spirituall : This of the twaine I chose the rather to present your Worships withall ; partly , because at the motion of the one of you , being then Head of that worthy Societie , which I acknowledge my selfe also a debtor unto , it was by word of mouth at first delivered ; and partly also , that it may helpe ( for the best also , even * Iacob himselfe , in this kinde need helps ) to egge you on , whom God hath blessed with so large a portion of his bounty , unto those religious offices , that by occasion of Iacobs example , men of your rancke are therein encited unto , whether risen from meane estate , as with him here it had beene , or from the first largely and liberally endowed , as your selves . The Worke indeed is growne much larger , than at first was delivered , by reason that a Question betweene us and the Romanists , concerning Mans Merit , is therein now discussed , which was then but touched upon and pointed at only ; neither the streights of time admitting over-long discourse then , nor such matter of controversie so well befitting the occasion that then was . The rest , without any materiall alteration or addition , is the same for substance that then it was . Which recommending entirely , as now it is , to your Worships , together with my Love and Christian service to you both , and mine heartie Prayers to God for the well-fare , spirituall especially , of you and yours , with the rest of the Branches of that Family , wheresoever now transplanted ; I take leave of you for the present , and rest Your Worships ever in the Lord , THOMAS GATAKER . Errors of some moment , that require amendment . Page 2. line 12. for promised reade premised . p. 47 ▪ l. 3. reade , should so be . p. 48. l. 3 , for congruitie reade condignitie . p. 71. l. 6. & 8. place so after the parenthesis before Mercie . and l. 12. after observeth ) put in , a man doth no more than his due , when &c. In the Margine . Pag. 43. l. u after mereri , put in , Ambr. in Luc. lib 10. cap. 22. O aqua , quae Sacramentum . p. 45. " after Idem ibid. adde from p. 46. * Imò dignari , ut Cic. de Orat. l. 3. p. 59. l. h for 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Escapes of lesse waight . Pag. 13. l 21. reade unprofitablenesse . p 42. l. 26. if . p 45. l. 14. the same . l. 21. is no. l. 31. and 32. or maintained no more . p 49 l. 16. meritorious , p. 72. l. 5. submissely , & p. 74. l. 24. submisse . p. 76. l. 27. his Veracitie . p. 91. l. 12 that manner . p. 93. l. 15. Iacob was when &c. In the Margine . Pag. 29. against l. 28. Degree 3. p. 40. l. m & p 43. l. i Iudic. p. 51. l. ult . ad Monach. p. 56. l. penult . debitor bonae . p. 60. l. p sic possent . l. q 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 p. 72. l. s put Observ. 2. Vse 3. after sup . p. 74. l. n d●misso . p. 75. l. q 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . p. 79. l. h Est piger . p. 88. l. c apud M. Se● p. 89. l. s dum extollit , p. 92. l. t 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . p. 93. l. u an Mapes . l. a elevavit , l. b tit . 7. l. * subitò , p. 96. l. p ut arva . IACOBS THANKFVLNESSE TO GOD , FOR GODS GOODNESSE TO IACOB . GENESIS 32.10 . I am not worthy of all thy Mercies , and all thy Truth , which thou hast shewed unto thy Servant : For with my staffe came I over this Iordan ; and now am I become two troopes . THese Words are parcell of a Prayer conceived by the Patriarch Iacob , in a time of distresse , after his departure from Laban , when a tidings were brought him that his Brother Esau was comming in armes against him , with foure hundred men at his heeles . His Prayer consisteth of foure parts . There is in it ; 1. A serious Protestation concerning the ground of his journey , and his leaving of Laban , to wit , b Gods owne Word : hee had not done what hee did of his owne head , but by c Gods special direction : a good argument to assure him that God would therein secure him , having his Word and Warrant for the ground of his Action . d Hee walketh surely , that walketh warily : Hee walketh warily , that walketh with warrant . 2. An humble Confession and e acknowledgement of Gods goodnesse towards him ; illustrate and amplified by his owne unworthinesse of it ; and so f a secret insinuation of his thankfulnesse for it . 3. An instant suite and Supplication to God , that he would vouchsafe to stand by him in his present distresse , and g deliver him out of the great danger that he was in at that instant , walking in no other way , than that God himselfe had set him in . 4. An Allegation of h Gods gracious promises i formerly made him ; which might seeme likely to faile , and to be utterly frustrate , if hee were now left to the mercie of his mercilesse Brother , who minded nothing but the destruction of him and all his . The words of my Text are the second Part : And therein are these Particulars ; 1. His owne Vnworthinesse ; I am not worthy : 2. Gods Goodnesse ; laid downe , 1. In the Grounds of it , Mercie , and Truth ; Mercie in promising , Truth in performing : 2. In a Fruit and effect of it ; Iacobs present estate , now at his returne from Laban , compared with what it was , when he went thither : He went over Iordan with his staffe alone , And he was now become two bands , or two troopes . Where first in Generall observe we , ere wee come to the Particulars , * Iacobs Thankes-giving promised before his Petition ; How before hee come to crave what hee would have of God , he doth in thankfull manner mention what alreadie he had received . And withall note we , k The usuall practise of Gods people to beginne their prayers and petitions to God with a thankefull commemoration of mercies formerly received . So Moses ; l Lord thou hast beene our refuge from one generation to another . And the Saints elsewhere ; m Lord thou wast sometime fauourable to thy Land , in bringing againe the Captiuitie of Iacob , &c. And ; n We have heard , O God , from our Fathers reports , what wonderfull workes in times past thou wroughtest for thē . And David ; o Lord , thou hast kept me from my childhood up till now : Therefore will I talke of thy wondrous workes . Forsake me not now untill mine old age , nor when I am gray headed , &c. Now this they doe , Partly , in regard of God ; And partly , in regard of themselves . First , in regard of God , to testifie their Thankfulnesse to him , and p to incite him thereby the rather to vouchsafe them further fauour , being so thankful for the former . For q Thanksgiving is the best , and r the most effectuall forme of Prayer . And s the ascent of our thanks-givings to God , is a meanes to procure a more plentifull descent of his mercies upon us . It is as a little water powred into the Pump , when the Springs lye low , that bringeth up a great deale more together with it : Or as t the Vapors , that ascending up from the earth , are a means to bring downe raine for the watering of it , where it was parched and dried up ; and so making it fertile , where it was barren before . Secondly , in regard of themselves , to strengthen their Faith , in assurance of future favour and safegard from God , upon ground and experience of his former goodnesse . For u the receipt of former mercies giveth good hope and assurance of future favours . x Heare mee , saith David , when I call , y O my righteous God , or God of my righteous cause . Thou hast formerly delivered me when I was in distresse : Have mercie therefore now againe on mee , and give eare to my prayer . And , z Thou hast beene my succour ; leave mee not now , nor forsake me , a O God my Saviour . And , b The Lord that delivered me from the clawes of the Lion , and the paw of the Beare , will deliver me also out of the hand of this uncircumcised Philistine . So the Apostle Paul likewise ; c Who delivered me then , and doth yet deliver me , and I trust that he will further deliuer me againe . And againe ; d The Lord stood by mee , when all forsooke me : and I was delivered out of the mouth of that Lion : Yea the Lord will deliver me from everie evill worke , and preserve me to his everlasting Kingdome . That which may serve to teach us ; First , to keepe in minde carefully Gods former mercies , and not suffer them by forgetfulnesse to slip away from us . Wee should be in this regard ( to use the Heathen mans comparison ) like e Civet-boxes , which though the Civet be taken out of them , yet retaine still the sent of it : The sweet sent of Gods mercies and gracious deliverances should remaine still in our minds by a faithfull and carefull remembrance of them , even when the act it selfe is over . And this should we the rather doe , that we may thereby bee encouraged the more constantly and confidently to depend upon God and his goodnesse for the time to come . For this is one maine cause of our usuall distrust of Gods Providence in times of trouble , or in danger and distresse , that f wee remember not what God hath in former times done either for others , or for our selves . This it is that maketh men readie , when charge beginneth to come on them , and things goe backward with them , g to put their hands to iniquity , and by fraud and deceit , or by exaction and oppression , or by becomming instruments of evill offices to great ones , to seeke to repaire their losses , or to enlarge their estates : And men are wont to pretend a kinde of necessitie of so doing ; they should h not be able to defe●d the world ( as they speake ) unlesse they so did ; there would be no living for them in the world , if they did otherwise . As if God were not as well able to provide for them then , as before-time he had beene : as if either continuance of time had weakened his hand , or by his former bountie his wealth and treasurie were exhausted or wasted : As with man it oft falleth out . No : i Gods hand is not shortned ; his power is not impaired : k but thy trust in him is straitned ; thy faith is not strengthned . It is not his might , but thy faith , that faileth . And one reason thereof is , because thou callest not to minde , what God hath formerly done for thee , which hee is able also to doe for thee still . And surely if we did but consider seriously , who it was that l kept us and fed us in our Mothers wombe before wee were borne , when neither wee could shift for our selues , nor our parents doe ought for us , wee might well reason thus with our selves ; He that preserved and maintained me without any care or travell eith●r of mine owne or others for me then , while I was yet in my Mothers wombe , is much more able by mine honest labours and endevours to doe the same now for me and mine : hee is able now to give me m sufficiencie by them , that then provided sufficiently for me without them . Againe , doe we desire to have Gods goodnesse continued unto us , or enlarged towards us ? Let us be carefull then to shew our selves thankfull unto him for mercies formerly received . For n thankfulnesse for former mercies , is a strong inducement to move God to confer further favours . * Let the people ( saith the Psalmist ) praise thee , O God ; yea let all the people joyne together in the praising of thee : And then shall the earth bring forth her increase ; and God will shew himselfe to be our God , by multiplying his mercies and blessings upon us . As on the other side , the want of it lieth as a blocke in the way betweene God and us to debarre us of further blessings . For o hee is unworthy of future favours , that is not thankfull for former mercies . And * the course of Gods gracious goodnesse stoppeth , where no recourse of thanks-giving is . It is our unthankfulnesse p that stayeth and stauncheth the streames of Gods bountie , that they flow not so freely as otherwise they would ; q being like r the Spring Solinus speaketh of , that riseth and runneth over while men sing and play to it , but falleth and sincketh againe as fast , so soone as they cease . s That is it that causeth our prayers , though wee pray long , and sue hard , and crie loud , oft to faile ; and causeth God t not to answer them according either to our desires , or to his owne wonted dealings with others of his in times past ; not that u he is become either more x short-handed , or close-fisted , or hard-hearted , now than heretofore he hath beene ; ( for he is y ever the same ; ) but because , with those z nine Leapers , wee are more frequent and fervent in prayer than in praise , more forward and earnest to sue for what we desire , than to returne thankes for it againe when we are heard : a Importunate to have ; unquiet , till we have ; and unthankefull , when wee have once gotten what wee would have . Yea b this it is that causeth God , c to bereave us oft of those benefits and blessings that he hath formerly bestowed on us ; as being but d cast away with us , as those things are , that on unthankful persons are conferred . e Because ( saith God of the unthankfull Israelites ) they say , I will goe after * my Sweet-hearts , that give me my me●e and my drinke , my wooll and my flax , my wine and mine oile ; and consider not , that it is I that gave them these things : Therefore f I will come and take these things againe away frō them . And , g because Pharao saith , The River is mine owne ; h Therefore , saith God , will I drie up the River . For the better understanding whereof , and of some other the like passages in the Prophet , I shall tell you that , that ( it may be ) will seeme very strange to many of you , and yet to some here present peradventure as well knowne as to my selfe . There is some Countrey in the World where it never raineth all the yeere long . i Of some it is by some reported without certaintie or truth . But it is certainly so in Aegypt : and even Moses himselfe intimateth as much , where k he saith that the Land of Canaan was therein unlike it . l It never raineth there ordinarily from one end of the yeere to the other ; And m it is recorded therefore as a strange miracle , a thing never the like heard of , that some once in such a Kings reign it so did . But to make amends for that defect , and supply the want of it , once a yeere at a certaine time the River n Shichor or Nilus o overfloweth all the low land , and so both filleth their ponds and cisternes , and watereth their grounds for them ; and p if it fall short , it produceth a dearth ; if it stay over-long it delaieth seed-time , and so causeth a late harvest . Now in regard hereof , because in Greece they had no such River that over-flowed their land , but their grounds were watered with Raine from Heaven , q the Aegyptians used in mockery to tell the Greekes , that if God should forget to raine , they might chance to starve for it . They thought the raine was of God , but r not the River : the raine that came downe from heaven , that came indeed , they thought , from him ; but the water of the River , they thought came not frō him , they had that of their owne , and b were not beholden to him for it . For this cause therefore doth God threaten to drie up , ( that is , restraine ) their River ( as c at sometimes also it appeareth by stories he did ) wheron d the fruitfulnesse and fertility of their land did depend . And if wee would not have God to deale in the like manner with us , let us take heed how we be found faultie in this kinde , as they were . Let us call our selues rather to a due and a strict account , how thankfull wee have beene for Gods mercies toward us fore-passed , how thankfull we are for his favours which we enjoy at the present ; and how we come short and faile ( as upon due search we shal finde that we doe much the very best of us all ) in either ; that we may both repent us of our unthankfulnesse towards him , and grow up daily more and more in thankfulnesse for them . That will be e the best meanes to continue them unto us ; that will be f the best meanes to encrease them upon us : For * thankfulnesse , as good seed , being bred of Gods blessings , doth not preserve only , but encrease also , that that bred it . And thus much for the Generall . Proceed we now to the Particulars . Where first we finde , Iacob confessing his owne unworthinesse : g Lesse than all those favours , ( for so are h the words in the Originall ) that God had vouchsafed him , and heaped up so plentifully upon him . Lesse than them , or any of them : Because i altogether unworthy of them ; as not deserving , nor having right to require ought , ( and much lesse so much as he had received , ) by way of due debt and desert at Gods hands . And againe , Lesse than them , because k unable to requite them : For l God and our Parents , ( saith the Heathen Man ) cannot bee requited . m David sought sometime how he might ; but but he could not devise how . n Thankes alone hee could returne ( a poore requitall ) and no more . Where againe observe we a second Practise of Gods people ; When the godly repaire to God for ought by Prayer , they are ever confessing and acknowledging their owne vilenesse and basenesse , their inabilitie and weaknesse , their indignitie and unworthinesse . So Iacob here : and so his Grand-father Abraham before him ; o How should I that am but p dust and ashes , presume to speake to my Lord ? And , q What am I ? saith David ; or what is my parētage , that thou shouldst afford me such favors ? And , r What is man that thou shouldest regard him ? or the sonne of Man that thou shouldest once thinke on him ? s I am not worthy , saith Iohn the Baptist of our Lord Iesus , to carie his shooes after him ; or t to untie but his shooe-strings . u Vnworthy , saith the Centurion , that thou shouldest come under my roofe ; or , x that I should come once in thy presence . y Vnworthy , saith the Prodigall Childe , to be called thy Sonne . z Vnworthy , saith the Apostle Paul , to beare the name of an Apostle . And what is the Ground of all this ? Doubtlesse it ariseth , Partly from the Consideration of their owne unprofitablenesse and abominablenesse ; And partly from the Consideration of Gods Majestie and greatnesse . First from the Consideration of themselves . ( 1 ) Their vilenesse and abominablenesse in evill . ( 2 ) Their poorenesse and unprofitablenesse in good . 1. Their vilenesse and abominablenesse by reason of Sinne. In regard whereof , they are not unworthy only of ought that is good , but worthy of all evill , if God in the rigour of his justice should regard them as in themselves they are . a Behold , I am vile ; saith Iob : what should I say ? b Bred in sinne , saith David , and borne in iniquitie . And , c If the very heavens themselves , and d the starres ( the brightest and cleerest part of them ) be not cleane in Gods sight : How much more is Man ▪ e a mirie worme , uncleane ? Yea , f how much more , ( I say ) is Man abominable , that drinketh in iniquitie like water ? g With whom sinne is as familiar as his ordinarie diet , his daily meat and drinke is ? Whereupon well saith Augustine , entreating of those words of the Psalmist , h Reject not , O Lord , the worke of thy hands : i Regard , O Lord , in me not my worke , but thine owne : for if thou regardest my work , thou damnest mee ; if thine owne worke , thou crownest me . Since that whatsoever good I have , I have it from thee : and it is therefore rather thine than mine . For k I know , saith the Apostle , that in me , that is , in this flesh of mine there dwelleth nothing that is good . 2. Their poorenesse and unprofitablenesse even in the good that they doe or have . 1. The poorenesse and imperfection of that grace and goodnesse that is yet in them , and of all that they doe consequently , while they live here . For our sanctification is here but in part . As l we know but in part : so we are purged but in part . m I am not yet perfect , saith the Apostle . And , n who can say , I have so clensed mine heart , saith Salomon , that I am wholly free from sinne ? Yea as o the most that any know is the least of that they know not : so the most of the sanctifying Grace that wee have , is the least ( for the most part ) of that that wee want and should have . There are reliques and remainders of the old man still even in the best . They are not so p stript of their old garment , of their * prison apparell , but that many a ragge of it hangeth still upon them , and q sticketh so close to them , that they will not off all , till they go altogether for good and all , till r death do that all at once , that s Grace doth now by degrees . Though t Sinne reigne not in them , as u formerly it hath done : yet it remaineth with them , and x dwelleth still , like a bad Inmate , within them . y It remaineth , saith Bernard , even in the best , though plucked up by the root , yet not wholly pulled out ; though dejected and throwne downe in regard of its regencie , yet not ejected or cast out in regard of inherencie . It is z like a wilde fig-tree , saith Proclus in Epiphanius , that hath so pierced into the stone-wall of a faire Temple , that though it be cut away , the boughs , body of it , and the maine stumpe of it pulled out , yet some of the strings of the root ▪ a readie ever anone to sprout out againe , will abide there , doe what can be done , till the wall it selfe be digged downe . It is as b the fretting Leprousie in an house , that though the walls be scraped over and over , againe and againe , yet will not away , untill the building be it selfe wholly demolished . And c as wee are our selves ; so is all that commeth from us . There is a tang and taint of this rotten root in all that we doe : as there is d a tincture of the stained glasse in the light that it giveth , and in the rayes of the Sun , though pure otherwise themselves , that passe through it . Our evill actions are meerely evill , saith Gregorie , but our good acti●●● ( are not , nay ) cannot be purely good . They are but f maimed ; saith Prosper . They are g so imperfect , and some way or other corrupt , saith Anselme , that God might well be displeased with them . h Our righteousnesse is all ( even the very best of it ) in Gods sight , saith Bernard ( alluding to the words of the Prophet i Esay ) but as a menstruous clout ( that is , as a filthie , beastly , abominable rag ) if it should strictly be examined : k Vnlesse we esteeme our selves better than our fore-fathers , who have no lesse truly than humbly confessed so by themselves . And , if our best righteousnesse be such ; ( no better than l unrighteousnesse ; saith Gregorie ; a kinde of m unrighteous righteousnesse , saith Bernard : ) n what is our unrighteousnesse than ? If o the light that is in us burne so dimme , how is it with our darknesse ; which for the most part is more than the light , even in those that have most ? Againe , they consider as their poorenesse and imperfection in Grace ; so their unprofitablenesse , even in the good that they doe out of Grace . For , p When you have done all that ever you can , saith our Saviour , say that you are ( for q so indeed you are , but ) unprofitable servants . It is a Question moved by Eliphaz in Iob , r Whether a man can be profitable to God , as he may be profitable to Man , either himselfe , or any other . And it is well resolved and answered by Elihu in the Negative : s If thou doest well , saith he , what good doest thou to God ? or what is hee the better for it ? And againe , t If thou doest evill , what hurt doest thou to him ? Be thy sinnes never so many , what is hee the worse for it ? No : u All my well-doing , saith David , or my goodnesse , is nothing to my God. x He were not God , saith Augustine , if my well-doing could doe him any good . For y God ( saith one well ) being ever the same , is neither the better for our goodnesse , nor the worse for our wickednesse . He neither gaineth ought by us , when wee love and serve him , and cleave close to him : nor loseth he ought by us , when we love him not , but leave him and fall away from him . For z hee can be well enough without us : but we can by no meanes doe well without him . And therefore he cannot be the better for us ; howsoever we may be the better for him . Secondly , from the consideration of Gods infinite Majestie and dignitie , his worth and his greatnesse , that dampeth and obscureth all those their excellent parts , for which others so much worthily and deservedly admire them . a Goodly Creatures are the Stars , and b they shine bright in the Night , but when the Sunne is once up , all their light and luster is gone , it is no more to be seene , than as if they were not : Nor doe those worthy Saints of God , whom wee justly deeme as bright d Starres , retaine their glorious lustre that yet dasteth our eyes , when they appeare in the presence of the e God of Glory . The nearer therefore Gods Saints approach to God , and consider his worth and his greatnesse , the more apprehensive are they of their owne meannesse & unworthinesse . And as f the Moone never casteth lesse light , than when shee is neerest the Sunne , from whom she hath it : so neuer doth ought , ( ought , I meane , that excelleth , that is ought , ) lesse appeare in any of us , than when we approach neerest the g Father and h Fountaine of Light , from whom we have received whatsoever we have . For i no where doth Man better or more fully see his owne meannesse , than in the Glasse of Gods Greatnesse . k While we sit here in the Church together , and looke one upon another , or upon other things here about us , we may well seeme to be well-eyed and quick-sighted the most of us . But if the Sun should shine bright abroad , and we should goe out and looke full on it , our eyes would be soone obscured and darkened , and all our sharp-sightednesse would prooue nothing but meere dimnesse and darkenesse . And surely , if the very Seraphim themselves , though so glorious Creatures in themselves ( that l their presence when they appeare but in some glimpse only of that their celestiall glorie , is wont to strike such terrour and astonishment into those to whom they appeare in that manner ) yet when they cast their eyes on that most glorious m Sunne of Righteousnesse , this n Sunnes Creator , the Author of its excellencie , and o infinitly therefore more excellent than it , they are so abashed at the consideration of their owne vilenesse in comparison of it , that p they clap their wings on their faces , ( q as men are wont to doe their hands , when the lightning flasheth in their eyes ) as wholly overwhelmed with it , and not easily enduring it . No marvell if r Elias , when God spake unto him , ( though in no terrible manner , but with a still voice , yet ) cast his mantle over his face , as abashed at his appearance ; and if other the Saints of God , when by prayer they repaire unto God , and s set themselves in his speciall presence , t beholding God as it were then looking with full eye upon them , and u looking him in a manner full in the face , doe then especially , as take notice of , so confesse and acknowledge , their unworthinesse to approach so glorious a presence , and to require or expect ought from the hands of such a Majesty , being so meane , so vile , so base , so abominable , as they are , and doe then especially see themselves to be . x Lord depart from me ; I am a sinfull wretch ; saith S. Peter to our Saviour , when in a strange draught of fish only , he saw some print of his Deitie . And , y I have oft heard of thee by report ; saith Iob to God : but now mine eye seeth thee : And therefore doe I even abhorre my selfe ; and repent me in dust and ashes ; in z such as my selfe am . Men are then * holiest ( saith Pythagoras ) when they repaire unto God : they are humblest sure ( say I ) when they approach nearest to him . Now this may serve first to teach us Humilitie . For if so worthy Saints and servants of God account themselves unworthie of ought , and thinke and speake so meanely of themselves ; what doth it behove us to doe , that come so farre short of them ? There are two Vertues especially , that our Saviour Christ hath by his owne example commended unto us , to be imitated of us ; a Humilitie in his Life , and b Love or Charitie at his Death : Which wee may well therefore tearme c Christs cognisances ; and the markes and badges of those that be his . And certainly where Humilitie is wanting , that is wanting that Gods Children have ever most of all abounded and excelled in . All their speeches and sayings generally ( if you mark them ) savour strongly of it . d Dust and ashes , saith Abraham . e A Worme , and no Man ; saith David . f Not a Man , but a Beast ; saith the Wise-man Agur , and g Asaph . h The least and last of the Saints ; and i of the Apostles ; saith the Apostle Paul of himselfe : but k the first and l chiefest of Sinners . And where men therefore are so prone to stand upon tearmes of Comparison ; I am as good a man as such and such : and , I deserve as well as they : and , I see no reason why I should not be respected as well as any other : and are so readie to thrust themselves forward ; and not m in giving honour to others , as the Apostle exhorteth , but n in taking honour to themselves , which the Holy Ghost reproveth , strive to goe beyond others : it savoureth not of o the Spirit of Christ , nor of that p Spirit that Gods Children are led by ; but of the Spirit and humour rather of those , who in the Gospell are reported to have q affected the chiefe roomes at feasts , and the highest seats in the Synagogues , to be crowched and cringed to , and to be called , Rabbi , Rabbi : the r Scribes and Pharisees , I meane , s who in comparison of themselves , scorned and contemned all others ; t I am not like other men ; nor like this Publican : saith he . Such should remember that u Where the true feare of God is , Pride is not : and consequently , that where such pride is , there is a great want of sinceritie . And consider withall , that as there is x no Vertue more acceptable and well-pleasing to God than Humilitie : so there is y no Vice in Gods sight more abominable than Pride . It is a strange thing , saith Augustine , entreating of those words of the Psalmist , a Though the Lord be on high himselfe , yet beholdeth be the lowly : as for the proud and hautie , he knoweth them afarre off . b It is a strange thing , saith he , and yet as true as it is strange : God he sitteth aloft himselfe in heaven : and yet the higher a man lifteth himselfe , the further he is from him ; the lower a man stoopeth , the nearer he is to him . We have a very pregnant instance of it in the Pharisee and the Publican , by our Saviour propounded . c The proud Pharisee pressed as neere God as hee could : the poore Publican , not daring so to doe , stood aloofe off . And d yet was God farre from the proud Pharisee , but neere to the poore Publican . e The latter went away justified rather than the former . For f the Lord is neere unto all those that be of a contrite heart : And g hee will dwell with him that is of an humble spirit . h He resisteth the proud : but he giveth grace ( that is , i honour and respect ) to the humble . k The Low valleyes are watered , when the high hills remaine thirstie : And l the poore and lowly are satisfied , when the proud rich are sent away emptie . In a word ; m much danger there is in Pride ; there is not the like in humilitie , albeit a man should abase himselfe somewhat more , than were meet or requisite for him to doe . n In comming in at a low portall , if a man stoope never so low , there is little danger in so doing ; but if hee hold up his head an inch only too high , he may chāce to get a sound knocke , if not a broken brow by it . Secondly , this may well discover one reason unto us , why our suits and prayers many times prevaile not with God , but are returned backe to us without fruit and effect ; to wit , o because we are not so humbled as we ought to be , ere we come to commence them ; because we are not so affected as Iacob here , with any serious consideration or apprehension of our owne indignitie and unworthinesse : The want whereof breedeth p irreverence and q presumption in us , the very bane and pests of Prayer . There are three speciall faults in Prayer , saith Bernard , that hinder the successe of it ; r Faintnesse , Coldnesse , and Boldnesse : There is first a faint , a fearefull , a distrustfull Prayer : There is secondly a cold , a formall , a superficiall Prayer : And there is thirdly a bold , a proud , a presumptuous Prayer . And this last is the worst . s The faint and fearefull prayer cannot get out , much lesse get up : it sticketh fast betweene the teeth , or in the throat rather . t The cold and formall prayer commeth forth fast enough , but it cannot get up : it freeseth ( for want of spirit and fervour ) by the way , ere it come to appeare in Gods presence . u A good mans prayer is effectuall , saith S. Iames ; but provided it be fervent . x The bold and presumptuous prayer flieth up apace ; but it is as fast beaten backe againe , for presenting it selfe over-boldly and saucily in Gods sight ; and in stead of a blessing , it bringeth backe a curse with it . y Such was that proud Pharisees prayer before spoken of . z He went up , saith our Saviour , into the Temple to pray . But when hee was arrived there , a hee had nothing to aske . Hee thrusteth himselfe forward , and offereth God a sacrifice of praise indeed ; but of his owne , not of b his . He c spendeth the time not with Iacob in the confession of his owne unworthinesse , but in d commemoration of his merits and good-deeds unto God ; for feare lest God should forget them , or not esteeme of him as his worth ( he thought ) well deserved that he should . True it is indeed , that even Gods sincere Servants , as e Ezechias , f Nehemie , g Iob , and h others doe upon speciall occasion sometime make mention , & that in Prayer too , of the sinceritie of their hearts , their upright carriage , and their carefull endevour for Gods glory , and the good of i his house , the Church . But if we shall advisedly compare these and the former together , we shall finde a farre different straine and spirit in either ; we may discerne as much difference betweene the one and the other in their prayers , as k betweene the vaine-glorious confidence of Heathen Philosophers , and l the religious constancie of Christian Martyrs in their ends . There is a vaunting Pride joyned with a scorne of others in the one : There is a necessary and lowly touch ( either in way of m just apologie , or n to strengthen their faith in some hope of speeding with God , and having their suites heard of him ) of their owne sinceritie and integritie in the other . And howsoever therefore we may likewise on the like occasions doe the like , so be we remember withall to doe it also in the like manner as they did : Yet o we must take heed how we offer to presse over-boldly and presumptuously into Gods presence ; lest as Iacob speaketh else-where , and upon another occasion , p we bring a curse upon our selves in stead of a blessing . Rather q consider wee the greatnesse and the gloriousnesse , on the one side , of that unconceiveable Majestie that in prayer we approach unto ; and on the other side , our owne vilenesse , indignitie , and unworthinesse ; that being truly humbled in the view both of the one and the other , our Prayers so seasoned , may both finde freer accesse to God , and returne with better successe to us . Thirdly , this directly crosseth and controlleth that Popish conceit of Merit , properly so termed , of matter of worth and desert in Man. Non sum dignus ; I am not worthy of ought ; saith Iacob : and r it is the common and generall note ( as you have heard ) of Gods Servants . Whereas our Romanists teach their followers to plead to God for themselves , as the Iewes did sometime for the Centurion to our Saviour ; s Dignus est ; He is worthy ; he deserveth , that thou shouldest doe this for him . t Dignus es : Thou art worthy to receive honour and glory ; sing the Saints of God to God. But , Digni sumus : We are worthie ; doe they sing , and teach theirs so to sing : Wee are worthie , that God should conferre honour and glory on us : We deserve by our well-doing , not grace only , but glory too , even eternall glorie : And u much more then any temporall benefits & blessings whatsoever , that come farre short of either . x They give all to God : these take all to themselves . There is on their parts nothing but indignitie with the one ; nothing but condignitie with the other . Iacob deemeth himselfe unworthie of ought ; and they esteeme themselves y worthie of any thing . There was nothing that he could ; and there is nothing but that they doe , or can deserve it at Gods hands . He knoweth not how to requite what alreadie hee hath received : they are able not to requite it only , but to merit also much more . A strange presumption , whereby men dare arrogate & ascribe that unto themselves , that none of Gods holy ones , whose stories are recorded in Gods word , ever did , or durst doe . Take we Example in this kinde , but by one of them for all . Iob , the only man of note in the time he lived in , for a a just , and an upright , or a perfect man , one that feared God , and eschewed evill : b no one like him ( by c Gods owne testimonie ) in the whole World then besides . And yet d how he stood herein affected , his owne words will best shew : wherein observe we how in stripping himselfe of all matter of merit , worth , or desert , he proceedeth and goeth on as by certaine staires and degrees . First ▪ e How can any man , saithe he , be justified , if he be 〈◊〉 f with God ? g He sheweth that Man ▪ justice is just none , saith the Scholiast , if it be compared with Gods justice . For , h Even those that are just by participation from him , are not just at all , if they come once in comparison with him , saith Augustine . But how would the case stand with him , if he come to be tried not by that infinite depth of justice that is in God , but by the exact rule of righteousnesse , that of man God requireth , and is contained in Gods Law ? i If a man , saith Iob , would goe to law with God , or if God should call man to a strict account , man were not able to answer God for one of a thousand . Among a thousand of his workes , though having done * so many good workes , could not Iob picke out any one , of which he durst say , This I dare be tried by ; or I dare offer this to the strictest triall . k The holy Man , saith Gregorie , saw that all our worthy vertues would prove vicious , yea vices , if they were brought to a strict triall . And , l The man therefore that vaunteth himselfe of his perfection , thereby sheweth that he hath not yet so much as begun to leade a good life . So that , m If I would justifie my selfe , saith Iob , mine owne mouth , ( if according to n mine heart it speake ) must needs condemne me for so doing ; when I see , my selfe , so much amisse with me , when I know so much evill by my selfe . But suppose he were not guiltie in this manner to himselfe , that hee saw no such thing in himselfe , or knew nothing amisse by himselfe . o If I were perfect , saith he ; yet doe I not know mine owne soule . As if he should say , as S. Paul sometime did ; p Though I knew nothing by my selfe , ( as q in some kinde and case the Apostle professeth of himselfe , to wit , for his demeanure toward the Corinthians , his faithfull cariage in his Ministerie , and those things especially which the false Apostles charged him with , as r he else-where expoundeth himselfe : ) yet were I not thereby justified . Or as David , in Augustines Paraphrase of him , *. How right and streight soever I seeme to my selfe , thou bringest a rule out of thy Treasurie , which when thou layest me to , I am found faultie . For , s Who ( saith the Psalmist ) understandeth all his owne errours ? t Mans heart ( saith the Prophet ) is deceitfull aboue all things : so deceitfull , that u it deceiveth oft even it selfe . And y those things , saith Gregorie , that make a goodly shew , even in a mans owne eyes , appeare many times but foule , slubbred and sullied in Gods sight . a No man seeth exactly the depth of his owne heart . But b God is greater than our heart , and seeth oft that in it , and in the actions that flow from it , that wee see not in it or them our selves ; and c knoweth consequently more by us , than we know by our selves . As Paul therefore , so Iob , though he could neither be justly taxed for ought by others , nor did know ought amisse by himselfe ; though it had beene so , I say , with him ( as yet d farre otherwise it was ) that he had passed well both e mans judgement , the strictest censure of others , and his owne too , the testimony of his owne Conscience ; yet durst he not , for all that , offer himselfe to Gods judgement , there to be tried by the rigour and severitie of Gods justice ; well wotting that for all this there he might faile , as both having deceived others , and having been deceived in himselfe ; whereas there hee was f to deale with him , who is so g well seene in mans heart , h his owne worke , that he i cannot possibly by any meanes be deceived therein . Lastly , k Though I were never so just , saith Iob , yet would I not argue with God , but make suite unto my Iudge . I would not argue , l by demanding justice ; but make suite , m by craving mercie , saith Lyra. I would not argue , n trusting to mine owne merits ; but make suite , o trusting rather , saith Cardinall Hugh , to his mercie . p For it is mercie that we stand in need of , saith Augustine : it is that that must stand us then in stead . Since that , q All mans Righteousnesse will appeare to be but unrighteousnesse , saith Gregorie , if it should strictly be examined . And r therefore for all a mans righteousnesse he had need yet to pray ; that , that that might in such strict triall faile , may by his Iudges mercie alone hold out and be made good . For it is all one , saith he , as if Iob had there said , s Albeit I grow up and attaine to good workes , yet it is not of merit , but of mercie , that I doe atchieve life . And such t Prayer therefore must we leane unto , even when we doe well , that even all our holy life may be seasoned with humilitie : Which the contrary presumption belike then of merit , desert , worth , and dignitie , is in Gregories judgement a great enemie unto . But so absurd and even sottish is the Popish Doctrine in this Point , that some of their chiefe Champions , as halfe ashamed of it , seeke sometime to qualifie it , and sometime flatly deny it . Sometime , I say , they seeke to temper , and to qualifie , and to correct it , as Apothecaries doe * poisons , when in desperate cases they minister them , to trie Conclusions with forlorne Patients . Thus Bellarmine having at large discussed the Point ; laid downe a good distinction for the cleering of the difference between us and them , when we say , that a No Confidence is to be put in Mans Merits ; and they say , b that some may be ; to wit , that c it is one thing for Confidence to be put in them , and another thing for Confidence to arise from them : and with a trembling kinde of assertion affirmed the former , that not onely Confidence may arise from them ; but that d some Confidence also may be placed in them , if men be certaine that they are such , and so that they be not proud of them : ( And yet how sorteth this their doctrine , I pray you , with their Prayers , where they say ; e God , that seest that we trust in nothing that we doe ? Or what is this then , but even to mocke God to his face , when they tell him they doe not that , which indeed they doe ? ) At length hee commeth to conclude that wee have the safest course on our side . As f it is the best and behouefullest course ; saith Bernard , not to pretend merit , but to request mercie : So it is the surest and the safest course , saith Bellarmine , not to trust in any worke or worth of our owne , but to rely wholly vpon Gods mercie . For , g In regard , saith hee , of the uncertaintie of our owne righteousnesse , and the jeopordie of vaine-glorie , it is the safest course for a man to repose his whole trust in the mercie and goodnesse of God alone . And hee produceth to this purpose the speeches and practises of diuers holy men of God lying vpon their death-beds : ( as indeed the most , euen Papists also , yea and some Popes too , whatsoeuer they were taught or held otherwise while they lived , are glad ( to preuent the worst ) to die Protestants in this Point , and to renounce all their pretended merits , worth , and works then , when they should stand them most in stead : ) For so Ambrose at point of death , saith hee , spake to his people ; h I haue not so lived among you , that I should bee ashamed to liue longer with you : nor am I afraid to die , because we have a good Master . Which speech of his Augustine used much to admire and commend ; affirming that Ambrose so said , i that hee might not be thought presumptuously to put confidence in his course of life and carriage , though neuer so pure . So Augustine likewise himselfe to his Adversaries ; k For my reputation among men , I haue witnesses great store , that haue knowne me , to testifie for mee : but in the sight of God my conscience alone can speake for me ; which albeit I beare fearelesse against your false accusations , yet dare I not iustifie my selfe before the eyes of the Almightie , but expect rather a largesse of mercie flowing from him , than a strict iudiciall triall . And Bernard of himselfe ; l Let others pleade their merits , and boast and brag that m they ha●● 〈◊〉 and endured the heat and the burden of the day : but n it is good for mee to cleave to God , and to put my trust in him . And when hee was euen at deaths doore , writing to some of his friends ; o Pray yee my Sauiour not to delay now my timely departure , but to keepe and protect mee in it . Be carefull by your prayers to fence mine heele being bare of merits it selfe . p Where S. Bernard , saith Bellarmine , howsoeuer out of the conscience of his good life hee desired to haue his death no longer delaied , yet was so farre from trusting in his merits , that hee made account hee had none . And againe , q when hee was euen now ( as it were ) at the last gaspe ; I confesse , saith hee , that I am not worthy of , nor can by mine owne merits obtaine the kingdome of heauen : But my Lord Iesus Christ , who holdeth it by a double right , the inheritance of his Father , and the merit of his passion , contenting himselfe with the one , bestoweth on me the other . This then hath beene , by our Adversaries their owne confession , the ordinarie practice of Gods people , even the greatest , the godliest , the worthiest of them . And can we imagine but that their Faith & their Doctrine then at other times was correspondent thereunto ? No undoubtedly . Thus they did , and thus they died themselues : and thus taught they their people to doe , and to die . Yea thus were our Ancestors here in England aboue fiue hundred yeeres agone taught to prepare themselves for death , by Anselme Archbishop of Canterburie , who then lived . Among other Questions hee willeth that this be demanded of the sicke man that lieth a dying ; * Doest thou beleeve and hope to bee saved , or to come to life eternall , not by thine owne merits , but by Christs ? To which Question hee adviseth the sicke man to say , yea . And then turning his speech to him by way of instruction and exhortation ; s Cover thy selfe , saith he , all over with Christs death , and winde vp thy soule in it . And if God offer to iudge thee , say thou ; Lord , I set the death of my Lord Iesus Christ betweene mee and thee , and thy judgement , and I will no otherwise contend with thee . If hee say , thou deservest damnation ; say thou ; I set the death of my Lord Iesus Christ betweene thee and mee and mine evill deserts : And I tender the merits of his most worthie passion in stead of the merit that I should have , but ( alas ) have not . This then was the Doctrine and practise of those Ancient Fathers ; and this it was that our Ancestors & Forefathers were taught , contrary to that that the Church of Rome teacheth and maintaineth at this day . Yea this , that fire-brand of the Christian world , Pope Hildebrand made profession of , when hee writ on this wise ( as Baronius reporteth of him ) to the Abbot of Clugnie , * I finde my selfe so depressed with the weight of mine owne actions , that I have no hope of safetie left , but in the mercy of Christ alone . But let vs examine Bellarmines cautelous Conclusion a little . 1. Is this the surest and safest course , why condemne they us then as Heretikes for taking and teaching it ? Why t crosse they out of their owne Writers such speeches as tend this way ? Would they not haue men goe the safer way ? It is their Canonists rule , and their Casuists common note , that u The safest side , where any doubt may be , is to be held . And that much doubt may be , yea must needs be here , himselfe telleth vs , when he teacheth ; that x Mans merits are ordinarily very uncertaine ; yea so uncertaine , that without speciall revelation a man can haue no assured certaintie of them . So that our fault belike herein is onely this then , that wee are not so venturous , or foole-hardie rather , as they are . 2. Is it a sure , yea the surest and safest course that can be , to trust in Gods mercie alone ? Then is Gods mercie alone belike able to save a man without merits . For in vaine were it to trust in it alone , if it alone were not sufficient to save : according to that excellent saying of Bernard , speaking of those words of the Psalmist ; y Hee will save them because they trust in him . Hee z will save them ; saith hee : Why so ? For what merits of theirs ? Marke what followeth : Because they trust in him : A sweet cause , but effectuall and irrefragable . This is the righteousnesse indeed , not of the Law , but of Faith. a This is mans whole merit , that hee set his whole hope on him , who hath saved the whole man. And , b This is mans true confidence , to fall from himselfe , and rest on his Lord , refreshed in nothing but his mercy onely . And elsewhere ; c No man need aske for what merits of ours wee expect good things at Gods hands . It is merit sufficient , to know , that no merit is sufficient . And againe , d Gods mercy is my merit . e Though I want merit , yet wanteth hee no mercy . f Nor can I want store of merit , so long as hee hath store of mercie . Much merit have I , since that hee hath so much mercy . 3. But why should they trust thus in Gods mercy alone ? or why may they not trust safely enough in their owne merits also ? For so his Assertion was , that in them men might trust to ; and that there was ground good enough for them so for to doe . g In regard , saith he , of the uncertainty of a mans owne righteousnesse : h because a man may be mistaken in it , and imagine that he hath it , when he hath not . But certaine or uncertaine , how can mans merit be the ground of his salvation , if his salvation depend upon Gods mercy alone ? Or how is Mans merit necessarily required unto salvation , if by Gods mercy alone he may be saved without it ? 4. i In regard also , saith hee , of the Ieapordie of vaine-glorie . In which clause he acknowledgeth that this their Doctrine of mans merit is a dangerous doctrine , ( as Bernard also tearmeth k the practise of it both foolish and perillous ) and such as may soone puffe vp mens minds with vaine-glorie , yea l with pride and presumption , ( he might well haue said ) the very bane of all true confidence , grace , goodnesse and godlinesse . And consequently as a most dreadfull * rocke threatning ship-wracke of salvation , to be most warily shunned and eschewed of all those that are jealous of miscarying , and desirous of eternall well-doing . I will adde here but the Confession of one or two of their owne Writers : † I am wholly of this minde ( saith Cardinall Contarene ) that it is a pious and a Christian-like saying , that we ought to relie , as on a thing stedfast and able to support vs , on Christs righteousnesse bestowed vpon vs , not on holinesse or grace inherent in vs. On this alone , as certaine and stedfast ought wee to rest . And † All the Ancients with generall consent , saith Cassander , deliuer , that confidence for remission of sins , and hope of pardon and life eternall , is to bee placed in Gods mercy alone and Christs merits . To which purpose also he alledgeth a place of Pope Gregorie , to this effect ; “ We trust not in our owne teares or deeds , but in our Advocates plea. And as for trust in ought else , saith Adrian of Vtrech , who was Bishop of Rome also afterward ; † Our merits are but as a staffe of reed , which if a man leane to or rely on , it knappeth asunder , and runneth thorow his hand that relieth on it . It is the surest course , saith Bellarmine ; it is the only sure course , say wee , to trust onely in Gods mercie . So said the Ancients before vs ( as some of their owne , you see confesse ) with vs. And to teach men in stead of it to trust in their owne merits , is to teach them * to exchange a rocke for a reed . Nor can there be any safety at all in so doing ; unlesse it bee safe to rely on so deceitfull and dangerous a stay as is sure to serue them all ( by their owne Adrians confession ) that trust thereunto , as † Rabsake saith Egypt did , as “ the Spartan said Athens would haue done , if Greece should haue relied on it . Thus then , sometime they seeke to salue and qualifie this their pestilent and poisonfull Doctrine , which at other times , as not halfe , but wholly ashamed to owne it , they doe utterly deny and disclaime . It is m Philips Melanchthons eighth Lie , saith Bellarmine , that our Teachers will men to merit remission of sinnes by their workes . These words I finde not at all in the place out of which they are alledged . Neither know I what Edition of that Confession hee followeth . But suppose that Philip say so . Why , is it a Lie ? Is it not true that they teach soo ? Yes doubtlesse . Bellarmine himselfe else-where confesseth , that n some of their Doctors teach , that men by their owne workes make satisfaction to God for the fault or offence it selfe . Others , o that they satisfie both for the fault or offence , and for the punishment also , yea even the eternall paines thereunto due : Others againe ( whom hee giveth his voyce with ) p not for the fault it selfe indeed , but for the guilt of such penalties as remaine due for the same , after that the fault is forgiven , q that is , saith hee , for the paines that a sinner should in hell else haue suffered , the eternity of them onely taken away : that which hee tearmeth out of some r places of Scripture both s mis-translated , and t mis-expounded , u a redeeming or buying out of mens sinnes ; and maintaineth x remission of sinnes to bee by such redemption purchased and procured . Againe , that a men by their workes make such condigne satisfaction for some sinnes , b that thereby the offence and wrong done to God is truely recompenced , and his justice fully satisfied ; and that c through Gods grace they doe in some sort by workes of their owne , which they owe not to God , truely or equally , and therefore justly also and condignely satisfie ; for that d such workes have a kinde of infinitnesse ( or infinit worth ) in them , and consequently an equalitie with the wrong , that they did God by their sinnes , in sundry places hee himselfe avoweth : which what is it but to merit remission of sinnes ? For hath not hee merited remission that hath made such satisfaction ? Yea the Obiection being made , that then e either there must be two joynt satisfactions , the one Christs , and the other ours ; or but one only ; and that either Christs , and then we doe not satisfie ; or ours , and then Christs is excluded ; or else wee divide the honour betweene Christ and our selves , that he pay for the fault , and we for the punishment : The Cardinall saith , that hereunto three Answers are given . For 1. some say f that there is one only satisfaction , and that is Christs : and that we , to speak properly , doe not satisfie at all , but only doe somewhat in regard whereof God applieth Christs satisfaction to us : And g so , saith hee , should our workes bee nothing but conditions , or dispositions at most , without which Christs satisfaction should not be applied to us . That which is indeed in effect the same that we say . But h this hee holdeth to be erronius . 2. Some say , that i there are two satisfactions , but the one depending vpon the other ; the one Christs , and the other ours : k for though the one were sufficient ; yet for greater honour to us , God will have ours added to his . And l this hee holdeth to be not improbable . 3. Some say , and m that is the more probable , ( and that therefore hee goeth with ) that there is but one actuall satisfaction alone , and that ours . n And so Christ consequently is excluded , & shut out at doores , as in the Obiection before was said . Yea hee saith moreover , that as o the Saints may well be tearmed our redeemers , because that by their sufferings they may redeeme or buy out our sinnes : So p a man may well be said to be his owne Redeemer and Saviour , and yet no wrong therein done to Christ , when by his owne works q hee maketh condigne satisfaction to God in this manner for his sinnes . And now judge you , whether Philip Melanchthon lied or no , when he said ( if at least he did so say ) that they will men to merit remission of their sinnes by their workes . But let vs heare further how not Melanchthon , but Bellarmine lieth himselfe , where hee chargeth Melancthon with lying . r Wee teach not , saith hee , that by workes done without faith or Gods free helpe , men may merit remission of sinnes . s Nor doe wee ascribe even unto those workes that are done of Faith and by Gods aid , such a merit , as that the reward doth of justice or right answer it ; ( that is , the merit of condignitie ) but the merit of impetration onely , as . Augustine speaketh ; which the Schoolemen are wont to call not the merit of condignitie , but the merit of congruitie . t Nor is there any dissent among Catholiques herein . I might heere take occasion to shew somewhat largely , in what sense the u Ancient Fathers , as also x other Writers of those times doe ordinarily use the word to Merit ( because our Adversaries so much presse the use of that Phrase in them , as if it implied such Merit as they mantaine ) to wit , as y Bellarmine himselfe , with z others of his owne side also acknowledgeth , for to atchieve or obtaine ought on any tearmes whatsoever , be it of free favour , or of due debt and desert : which is the Merit of Impetration , that hee saith Augustine speaketh of ; and a differeth much from Merit or Desert strictly and properly so tearmed , as Bellarmine himselfe also granteth : Since that , by their owne confession , b it is one thing to impetrate or obtaine , and another to merit , that is , to deserve : And therefore in such sense as they vse the word Merit , c a man may be said sometime to merit , that is , obtaine and impetrate , what hee deserveth not ; and againe , d not to merit , that is , obtaine and impetrate what yet hee hath well deserved . As also in this sense e they are wont ( Bellarmine himselfe also acknowledging it ) to call all good workes merits , for which we receiue ought , though the reward be , as f he granteth also that it may be , not of desert , right , or due debt , but of favour and grace onely . Wherein Bernard singularly well expounding their meaning , and his owne too , where hee useth those and the like tearmes ; g If we speake properly , saith hee , those things that wee use to call merits , are certaine seeds of Hope , sparkes of Love , signes of our hidden predestination , presages of our future glorification ; the way to the crowne , not the cause of our crowning . I might also insist on that which Bellarmine hath else-where , that * to merit , as they speake , is no more than that which the Greekes call 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , which word signifieth not “ to be worthie , as he saith , contrarie to all use and authoritie , but † to bee vouchsafed , reputed or esteemed as worthie , as also “ Cajetan himselfe , therein following their owne vulgar Latin , expoūdeth it . And wheras that same their vulgar Translation hath it in bad and barbarous * Latin , and their Rhemists version in as bad or worse English , § with such hosts God is promerited . ¶ The meaning of it is , saith Bellarmine ▪ that with such sacrifices God is delighted , or pacified , as Chrysostomes Commentarie hath it , ( though indeed in Chrysostomes Cōmentarie , there no is such word , or any one word of exposition , but the same word it selfe onely ) or is pleased , ( well-pleased , it is word for word in the Originall ) as Oecumenius expoundeth it . And * it signifieth , saith he , that God is delighted in good workes , and is therewith conciliated , ( that is , moved to befriend , as wee say ) and induced thereby to doe good unto those that doe well . Which is that that wee meane , when wee say that workes are meritorous . Well it were indeed if they either meant or main-maintained no no more than is here said . Little controversie would there then be betweene us and them . But to let these things passe , lest I be in this point over-long . Doe all Catholikes deny indeed even to workes done of faith and grace all merit of condignitie ? And is there no difference at all among them herein ? Yea doth not Bellarmine himselfe maintaine the * ●ōtrary ? Or doth hee not know that there is difference among them herein ? and that the most of them ( of later times especially ) goe the other way ? Yes undoubtedly . But hee dealeth herein , as hee doth in the point of Adoration of Images . It is a h common tenent among them , that Images are to be worshipped with the selfe same worship that those are worshipped with , whose Images they are : and so consequētly the Images of God and Christ with divine worship ▪ And Bellarmine himselfe , though a little qualifying it , both alloweth and defendeth it , i that by accident , or improperly they may bee and are so worshiped ; to wit , either k as those Images are Gods or Christs Deputies , and so receiue for God or Christ himselfe the worship due to either ; or l as men conceive God or Christ clad in that Image , as a King in his Roabes , and so worship the Image in the same worship together with either . But yet , saith hee , m you must not in any wise tell the people so in the Pulpit , that any Images are to bee worshipped with divine worship ; but the contrarie rather , that they are nor to be worshipped . And why so ? Forsooth ▪ n because many good Catholikes cannot endure to heare that Images should be adored : and againe , o Because it giveth Heretikes occasion to speake more freely evill of them . And in like manner dealeth hee in this matter of Merit . Because our Writers justly tax them for extreame arrogance therein : Bellarmine here flatly denieth it , and saith that none of them maintaine it , and wee doe but bely them in charging them with it . And yet , to passe by what before was alledged out of him ; and what hee saith elsewhere againe , that p the remission of some sinnes is even in justice due to mans good Merits ; Where professedly he handleth the Controversie concerning the merits of mans workes , he concludeth the direct contrarie to what here he avoweth , and condemneth what hee averreth here , as no better than Heresie . The very Title of his Discourse is , q That mens workes done of charitie doe condignely merit or deserve Life eternall ; and that , r not onely in regard of Gods Covenant , but in regard of the works themselves . In the Discourse it selfe hee telleth us , that s All Catholikes hold that they merit Life eternall . That t some of them indeed would haue no mention made either of condignitie or congruitie ; u Some goe a middle way betweene congruitie and condignitie ; and x some againe would distinguish betweene dignitie and congruitie . But that y the common opinion of their Divines admitteth merit of condignitie : which hee also concludeth with . Againe hee saith that a some of their Divines hold , that such workes doe not merit life eternall condignely , in regard of the worke it selfe , or the worth of it , but in regard of Gods Covenant and his acceptation of them onely ; And that b thus onely the Ancient Schoolemen held . c Others , that they merit it condignely in regard of the worke it selfe , and the worth of it , albeit that God with man had made no such agreement at all . d He himselfe thinketh best to goe the middle way , as he saith the Councell of Trent doth ; to wit , that they merit it condignely , in regard both of the agreement and the worke joyntly together . And that we may not mistake his meaning herein , hee telleth us further , that hee doth e not thus determine , as if hee held , that such workes did not in regard of the dignitie and worth of them well deserve life eternall , albeit no such agreement were ; but merit it in regard of Gods gracious acceptance onely : f for it were a disgrace to God , if his grace in vs should bee so poore and imperfect as to merit no otherwise : ( as the Lovaine Professors also , too base and beggerly for us * to craue it and have it as an almes : ) and that they therefore deserve it , because g there is a kinde of proportion and equalitie ; yea not h a proportionable onely , but i an absolute equality ( for so he saith in expresse tearmes elsewhere ) betweene the worke and the wages : And that is properly merit of condignitie indeed , k when the worke is equall of it selfe to the wages : which merit of condignitie he saith therefore is l truely and properly , m simply and absolutely so tearmed ; n Merit in Iustice , or of right and due debt : which o that other of congruitie is not . And such workes therefore , say our Rhemists , are p truely and properly meritoriously , and fully worthie of everlasting life , so that heaven is the due and just stipend or recompence , which God by his justice oweth to persons so working ; and that * so farre forth , that hee should bee unjust , if hee should not render heaven for the same : Albeit q that assertion was by the Divines of Paris almost 300. yeeres since condemned as false and heretical ; and by Durandus , saith Bellarmine himselfe , r it is censured ( and that not unjustly ) not as bold onely , but as blasphemous . But why is Gods agreement needfull then ? or why doth Bellarmine require that also ? He telleth you himselfe ; not for any defect or want of worth in the worke , but s because that without some such agreement no reward or wages can of right be claimed for any worke , albeit of it selfe otherwise it be never so worthie . Lastly , hee telleth us that t there want not very grave Authors , who thinke that everie good worke of a just man endued with charity meriteth or deserveth life eternall . u Which he thus farre forth also subscribeth unto , if this condition be added , that not onely the parti● doing it bee endued with charitie , but the very worke it selfe also doe actually , or virtually at least pr●ceede from charitie , and be done for Gods sake . So that not onely the whole course and tenour of a godly mans life uprightly and religiously led , being laid altogether in one lumpe , but every particular such action of it , considered alone by it selfe , should by this their doctrine deserve no lesse than heauen at Gods hands . And then belike so oft as they haue done any good worke meerely for Gods sake , so oft haue they deserved an heaven at least of him . It were absurd and senslesse for a sorry begger to imagine ( that I may use Bellarmines owne comparison ) that by weeding though a whole day in the Kings garden at White-hall , he had in regard of the worth of the worke done by him , deserved an hundred Iacobusses , because his Majestie had promised for his dayes worke to give him such wages . x Bellarmine himself wil not deny it . But it were much more absurd for such an one to imagine , that for every weed that in that his daies worke hee had pulled up ( were it done out of never so much love to his Soveraigne ) he had deserved , I say not an Earledome , or a Dukedome , but a Crowne at least or a Kingdome . And yet is there farre greater disproportion heere betweene the worke that we doe , and the reward that wee expect , than could there be betweene the worke and the wages : Since that y betweene finite and infinite there is no proportion at all . And therefore saith our Country-man Thomas of Walden , though no friend to Wickliffe ; for hee wrote professedly against him ; * What can wee doe that should be worthie of heavenly things , which the Apostle saith , that “ The sufferings of this life are not worthie of ? § I account him therefore the sounder Divine , the better Catholike , ( and the Protestants belike then are the better Catholikes herein ) and one that agreeth more with Gods word , that simply and utterly denieth such Merit . a And though a man , saith an uncertaine Author , but alledged commonly by them , as Eusebius Emissenus , should with all the strength of bodie and minde exercise himselfe to the utmost , in obedience to God all his life long , yet could he bring out nothing , that by way of condigne merit could countervaile heavens happinesse . For , considering the extent and continuance of it , b if we cast our reckonings up aright , saith Augustine , it should be eternall travell at least , that should purchase eternall rest . And considering the dignitie and excellencie of it , c Though a man , saith Anselme , should serve God in most fervent maner for a thousand yeeres together , yet should hee not thereby condignely merit to be but halfe a day im heaven . And * though the godly have done a whole million of good deeds , saith Chrysost. yet that such a crowne , such an heaven , and so great honour should for so small pidling matters ( in comparison thereof ) be conferred on them , it is of Gods free grace , and ( as he there also implieth ) not of due debt , or of their desert . For , † It is of justice , saith he , that th● other are punished ; it is of grace that these are crowned , that is , there is “ deserved paine ▪ as Augustine speaketh , repaid the one , grace undeserved freely bestowed on the other . Anselme , it seemeth , thought he could not in an hundred , nay in a thousand yeeres , doe that ▪ that they are able to doe in lesse than a● houre . He thought and taught that a man could not in a thousand yeeres , by all that ever he did , or could doe , merite halfe a daies abode in heaven ; and they thinke and ●each ( if they thinke at least as they teach ) that a man may in much lesse than halfe a daies space doe that , that shall merit more than a thousand thousand yeeres , even an eternall abode in heaven . Chrysostome thought a man could not with a million of good workes doe that , that they thinke they can doe with any one alone . For , so many thousands of them , saith he , cannot in justice deserve the Kingdome of Heaven . Any one alone , say they , of those that we doe , can doe it . Iacob deemed himselfe unable with all that hee had done or could doe , to requite those favors , even in his temporall estate , that God had conferred upon him : These men hold that they can by some one good deed of theirs alone , not requite God onely for what they have alreadie received of him , ( for d that must be done first , e which no man indeed can doe , ere they can merit ought at his hands ) but engage him also to doe further deservedly for them , even to the conferring of life eternall , and celestiall glory on them . Thus we have seene , both what they hold , howsoever they seeme sometime ashamed of it , and therefore one while deny , what another while they affirme : As also how contrary their presumptuous conceits and positions in this kinde are to the humble confessions & acknowledgements of Gods sincere Servants , as well recorded in the Word , as reported else-where , yea f related , alledged , and taken notice of by themselves . But to leave them to their * proud and Pharisaicall fancies , and returne home againe to our selves ; this lastly should perswade us with the Apostle S. Paul , g to rest content with whatsoever estate God shall see good to place us in , with whatsoever he shall please to conferre on us , and afford us , or whatsoever he shall thinke fit to call us unto ; considering that we are not worthy of ought , but unworthy wholly of whatsoever we have , be it more or lesse . And if we be unworthie of what we have , be it never so little ; then have we more than we are worthy of , even when we have least : And if we have more than we are worthy of ; then have we no cause to repine , murmure , grow discontent , or complaine , if wee have not so much as such and such have ; if we cannot goe , or fare as such and such doe ; if we have not so good trading , or our houses so well furnished , our wives and children so apparelled , as such and such have . This it is a great fault in the World , in this age of ours especially , an age of excesse ; wherein h each one striveth to goe beyond another , in pride of apparell , in building , in expence in all kinde of superfluitie and excesse ; that i like men that runne in a race , we cast our eies forward on those that goe before us , but we forget to looke backe unto those that come short of us . k Men and women looke upon those many times that are of higher degree than themselves , and would faine match them , and goe even with them . Or suppose it be but on those , that are of the same rancke with themselves : they see how they go , how they fare , how they spend ; ( and it is many times much more than they are well able to doe , or than their meanes will well afford ) and because they are loath to come behind any of their owne degree ; ( that they deeme were a disgrace to them ; ) they begin to thinke thus with themselves ; What difference is there betwixt us and them ? and why should not we then doe as they doe ? And hence ariseth l a discontent in their minds , because they want meanes to doe what they desire . Which their discontent , with their present estate , together with the inordinate and immoderate desire of that which they have not , & faine would have , only because they see others have it ; is not only an occasion m to deprive and bereave them ( with n Haman , and o Ahab ) of the comfort and benefit of what they have ; but p it is as a grave also , to burie in the thankfull remembrance of those manifold mercies that God hath vouchsafed them , above many other , ( it may be ) even of their owne ranke ; as if God had done nothing for them , ( as those murmuring Iewes charged him , * Wherein hast thou loved us ? that is , shewed any loue to us , done ought for us ? ) unlesse they may spend , and goe , and be maintained in it , as such and such doe . Yea so farre oft doth this corruption prevaile with not a few , that with q the Frog in the Fable , they stretch their states so farre to get eaven with others , that at length all cracketh and commeth to nought , and both they and theirs rue it in the end . Againe , others having sometime had more plentifull meanes , and having then ( as they might well doe ) proportioned their expence accordingly thereunto ; when it pleaseth God to withdraw that their plentie in part , for causes best knowne to himselfe , and it may be among others , to trie them , how they will take it , whether they will say with our Saviour , r Not my will , but thy will be done , and so practise what they daily s pray ; and with Iob , t God hath given , and God hath taken againe ; blessed be his Name ; and u so returne God his owne with thankes : Yet out of a pride of heart and stoutnesse of stomacke , ( x Many are humbled , saith Bernard , yet are not humble : ) not enduring to strike saile , or to stoupe an inch , they will strive to live still according to their former meanes , and shape their expence not by what they have , but by what they have had : and so whereas the Lord in mercie had yet left them a competencie still , y they cast the helve ( as we say ) after the hatchet , and overthrow all : Or z they grow into such inward griefe and discontent , because they cannot doe still as formerly they have done , as either breaketh their hearts and shorteneth their dayes , or altogether disableth them unto the cheerefull performance of any good office either to God or man. All which corruptions might soone bee helpt , if wee could with Iacob here say , and thinke as wee say ; Non sum dignus , Domine ; Lord I am not worthie of ought . If we would looke out abroad , but a cast our eyes now and then on those that have farre lesse than wee have . As Aristippus , when a friend of his came to condole with him for some land that hee had lost , demanded of him what he had to liue on himselfe , and when hee made answer that hee had but some one small close onely , he told him , that b there was cause rather for Aristippus to bemoane him , than for him to bemoane Aristippus , who had more than thrice as much land still leaft him to live on than hee had . It is hard but wee should finde some , with c the Cynick , yea not a few bee wee never so needy , that would bee glad of our reliques . Or if we would but d cast our eyes home-ward , and consider our selves , and our owne vnworthinesse of ought , wee might soone see how little cause wee haue to bee discontent in such cases . For have wee but little leaft ? It is more than we deserve . Hath God taken much from us ? he might well have tooke more . As Anytus , a Gentleman of Athens , told his guests that were at table with him , when Alcibiades a young Gallant came in a revelling humour and tooke away the one halfe of his plate that stood either for shew or service upon the cupboard , and they marvelled much at it , that Anytus could so take it , affirming that hee had dealt very vnkindly with them , e Nay rather , quoth he , hee hath dealt very kindely with us , that hee hath left us halfe , when hee might have tooke all : for it was all his , or at his command . So it is here indeed . Hee taketh part , that f gave all ; and that might therefore as well take all as part ; because g all is but his owne . They tell of a Iewish Doctor , that was called h Rabbi This-too , because he used alwaies to say , whatsoever befell him , i This is good too , and this too , and this too , and this too , &c. And in like manner may wee well say , how little soever be leaft us , This is more than I am worthie of , and this too , and this too , &c. If God shall againe and againe too , never so often , impaire our estates , and by peece-meale withdraw from us what hee hath formerly conferred on us : And consequently as k hee said to one that though with losse of goods , had in safetie yet escaped himselfe to the shore , l not repine or murmur for what is lost , but bee thankfull to God m for what is leaft , and n for what formerly we have had . Hitherto wee have considered of Iacobs unworthinesse , by himselfe here acknowledged : we come now to see Gods undeserued Goodnesse to Iacob . Wherein there offer themselves to our consideration ; 1. The grounds of it , and 2. The fruit and effect of it . The Grounds of it are two ; Gods Mercie , and Gods Truth : His mercie in promising what he had now performed ; his truth in performing and making good what hee had promised . First , his Mercie : where observe wee that whatsoever wee have or hope from God , it is all of meere mercie . Vnworthie of all thy Mercies ; saith Iacob . And , o who p crowneth , or q invironeth thee rather , with mercy ; saith the Psalmist : and r doth not deale with thee according to thy deserts . s For if he should so doe , hee should damne thee ; saith Augustine . And , t who so trusteth in the Lord , mercie shall u encompasse him on every side ; saith David . Now this point , that all that wee either receiue or expect is of Gods mercie , howsoever it be by the former consideration sufficiently confirmed . For x if we be not worthie of ought , then is nothing of merit . And if nothing of merit , then all consequently of mercie . Yet consider wee for the further proofe of it these two things ; The manner of Gods promises , and The prayers of Gods Saints . First , the Promises of God run all vpon Mercy . a Shewing mercie to thousands , with them that love him , and keepe his commandements . And , * His mercy is for ever and ever on those that feare him ; “ and keepe covenants with him , and thinke upon his cōmandements to doe th●m . And , b I will spare them ( and there is mercy then ) that feare me , ond thinke on my Name , as a man spareth his Sonne that serveth him . c There shall bee judgement without mercy to those that shew no mercy . And , d If without mercie to those that shew no mercy ; then with mercy even to those also that shew mercy ; saith Augustine . Yea so saith our Saviour himselfe ; e Blessed are the mercifull ; for they shall have mercy shewed them . And , f The grace of God is ( g that is , bringeth ) life eternall ; saith the Apostle . Which place Augustine entreating of , h The Apostle , saith he , having said , The wages of Sinne is Death ; because everlasting death is repaied as of debt due to the service of Sin and Satan ; hee doth not say , albeit he might also so have said ; but the reward of Righteousnesse is Life eternall : But he chose rather to say , Gods grace ( or i free favour ) is Life eternall ; that thereby we might learne that God bringeth us to life eternall , not for our Merits , but of his Mercy . In regard whereof Tertullian also very fitly tearmeth ( alluding to militarie matters ) k the one a Stipend , the other a Donative ; because , as Bernard saith well , l it cannot be had but by Donation , or free gift . And * if of free gife , then not of due debt , or desert for any worke done , saith Hilarie . For , “ gift and debt cannot stand together ; saith Faber . Yea Cardinall Cajetan himselfe on those words of the Apostle ; † Hee saith not , The wages of righteousnesse is life eternall ; but the grace , that is , the gift of God , is life eternall ; that wee may understand that we attaine life eternall not by our merits , but by Gods free gift . For which cause also he addeth , In Christ Iesus our Lord. ¶ Behold the merit ; behold the righteousnesse , the wages whereof is life eternall ; but to us in regard of Christ himselfe it is a gift . And lastly , to adde one place more of so many as might bee added ; m With thee is mercy , saith the Psalmist to God : for thou wilt reward every man according to his workes . Concerning which words Gregorie , ( on that of the Psalmist , n Make mee to heare thy mercie in the morning ; which o hee expoundeth the Resurrection ) having moved this Question ; p If the happinesse of the Saints be of mercy , and not of merit , how is it said : Thou wilt render to each one according to his works ? If according to mens works it bee rendered , how may it bee deemed mercy ? Hee thus answereth ; q It is one thing to render according to workes , and another thing to render the reward for the workes themselves . r In the one is noted only the quality of the worke , ( a farre other exposition than s Bellarmine giveth of it ) that those that have done well , shall receiue a royall reward . ( And in the other then consequently should be implied an equality betweene the worke and the wages . But ) t No labour or worke of ours , ( nothing that wee can either doe or endure ) by the Apostles owne testimonie , can bee equall to , or once compared with that blessed life , wherein men shall live of God and with God. For , u the sufferings of this life ( yea x all of them , if any one man could and should undergoe them all , saith Bernard , * from the very beginning of the world too , saith Macarius , unto the worlds end ) are not worthie , saith the Apostle , of the glorie that shall bee revealed ( y not , unto us , as hee also well observeth , but ) in us . And , z what are all mans merits then , saith Bernard , to it ; that it should of right be due to them : or that God should doe men wrong , if he bestowed it not on them ? as * our Rhemists before affirmed that hee should . a The grace therefore of salvation is not due to workes , saith Faber , ( b which the Popish purgers crosse out of him ) but to the goodnesse of God alone . c Nor doth mans salvation consist in mans merits : but in Gods mercie : saith Origen . Again , the prayers of Gods Saints strike al vpon this string . Of David , Chrysostom observeth , that though he were d a man of singular parts for sincerity and piety , by e Gods owne testimony of him ; and * had many good deeds that hee might have alledged , yet † in all his prayers ordinarily § he hath recourse onely to Gods mercie , f that alone he pleadeth , that alone hee relieth upon , g and desireth to be saved by . h Let others , saith he , alledge and pleade what they list ; i I will hope in thy mercie : that I pleade and alledge , and that doe I hang all mine hope upon . And , k Have mercy on me , and heare mee ; and , l Have mercy on mee for I am weake . And , m The same song , saith hee , have we need to sing every one of us , albeit we had done ten thousand times ten thousand good deeds , and attained even to the very highest pitch and perfection of righteousnesse : n for it is yet of mercie and loving kindnesse still that that wee are heard , and that wee are saved for all that . So the same David againe else-where , o But thou Lord deale mercifully with mee for thy Name sake . And , p Save me for thy Mercy sake . q For thy mercy , not for my merit , saith Augustine . r For thy mercie , not for my righteousnesse , saith Ruffine . s Not because I am worthie , but because thou art mercifull ; saith Chrysostome . t He flieth onely to Gods goodnesse and his loving kindnesse : u Commending Gods free grace , not claiming ought as due to his good deeds , saith Prosper . It is as if he had said ; e I entreat thee to save me , saith Gregorie , not trusting to mine owne merits , but presuming onely to obtaine that of thy mercie , which by mine owne merits I have no hope to obtaine : Or , f I entreat thee to heare me , not in thy judiciarie severity , but in thy most mercifull bountie ; saith Augustine . g He renounceth his owne merit : and , h hee desireth to be heard , saith Cassiodore , not according to his merits , but for Gods mercie sake : whereon when our hope is fixed , pardon is the easilier obtained . And , i Let thy mercie also betide me , and thy salvation , according to thy Word . k According to thy word , not according to my merit ; l A childe hee would be not of pride , but of the promise , saith Augustine . And againe ; m For thy Name sake be mercifull to my sinne : for it is much . n For thy Name , not for my merit ; saith Ruffine : and Bernard ; o Be I never so penitent , and afflict and macerate my selfe never so much . p Hee attributeth his whole salvation to the mercy of his Saviour , saith Cardinall Hugh . And , q In mercie remember me , or thinke upon me , for thy goodnesse sake , O Lord. r Not in wrath , as I am worthy ; but as is worthy of thee in thy mercie ; saith Augustine . s For thy goodnesse , not for any merit of mine ; saith Peter Lombard . For , t When hee saith , For thy goodnesse , his meaning is , and he would so be understood , Not for my merit ; saith Cassiodore . Who thence also observeth that , u No man without grievous errour , may presume at any time thereon . And yet againe ; x For thy Name sake guide and conduct me . y For thy Name , not for my merit ; saith Augustine , and Hugh the Cardinall after him : z Not for my worth , desert , or dignitie , but for thy glory . And Hilarie on those words of his , a Heare my voice according to thy mercie , or thy louing kindnesse , O Lord. b Wee , saith hee , when we have fasted some once , out of vain-glory , or given ought to a begger for his meere importunitie , thinke that God is bound by and by to heare us ; c Whereas David after all his heartie crying , his night watchings , his early meditations , his continencie in his younger yeeres , his diligent enquirie into Gods Statutes , and his carefull keeping of his Testimonies , having attained to a perfection in all kinde of goodnesse , yet hath his hope wholly in God , and expecteth all from his mercie , placeth all his hope in it , and desireth to bee heard according to it . And Chrysostome preaching upon the Prayer of Eleazer , entreating e mercie and kindnesse for his Master Abraham ; ( f and whose merits might better have beene pleaded than his ? ) g That you may not imagine , saith hee , that hee demanded it as a debt , Deale mercifully or shew mercie , saith hee , to my Master Abraham . h Though we had done ten thousand good deeds , saith he , yet is it of grace that wee require to be saved , and of loving kindnesse , not of debt or desert that wee looke to receive this . So the Apostle ; i The Lord shew mercie to Onesiphorus his family . ( The Lord shew him mercy , because hee shewed mee mercie . ) For hee often refreshed me , and was not ashamed of my chaines ; but when hee was at Rome he diligently sought mee and found mee ; and in how many things hee steeded mee ( or supplied mee ) at Ephesus , thou well knowest . And , k the Lord grant therefore , that hee may finde mercy with the Lord in that day . l That as he sought me and found me ; so hee may finde mercie when hee shall seeke it at the hand of his Iudge ; saith one that beareth the name of Ambrose . m That as I found mercie with him , so may hee finde mercie with God ; saith Chrysostome : And marke you , saith hee , how hee saith , n nothing , or not any thing but mercie : Eleemosynam , that is , word for word , Almes , that which o the Popish Professor so much scorned before : Mercie in that day , wherin p we shal have much need of it ; q if Onesiphorus for all these his good workes , wee ( the most of us ) much more . There is mercie as well for those that holpe him , as r for those that forsooke him ; as well mercy in rewarding the one , as mercie in pardoning and not punishing the other . So Daniel also , s We present these our prayers unto thee , not for any our righteousnesse , ( that is , any righteous workes of ours ; t for we have none , saith Gregorie Nazianzene ; such at least as we dare pleade the worth of ) but for thy tender mercies . Whereupon also saith Aquinas , u Obtaining by prayer indeed resteth upon mercie ; where as merit of condignitie resteth upon justice or righteousnesse : and therefore by prayer doe men obtaine many things of God in mercie , which yet in justice they deserve not . Yea so the Papists themselves in their Liturgie , ( retaining yet still some broken relikes of Antiquitie ) contrarie to their Schoole-learning , desire God x not to ponder their merits , but to pardon their misdeeds ; and so consequently y to be mercifull ( as the Psalmist speaketh ) to their sinnes . And , a Popish Writer commenting upon that place ; * What merit , saith he , can wee pretend or pleade to God , whom we owe all unto ? Or how can we applaud our selves in our good deedes , when all our righteousnesse is but as a filthie ragge in Gods sight ? Our merits therefore are none to God , whom all that we doe , is due unto , &c. And it is a good Rule that Bernard giveth for Prayer in generall : z Hee that commeth , saith hee , to aske ought of God , must in the first place have an eye unto this , that hee looke not to receive ought for his owne worth or merits , but hope to obtaine whatsoever he craves , onely of Gods mercie . And when we come to pray ( saith Aquinas ) we must * devise some cause why our suit should be heard , and that must bee not our merit , but Gods mercie : according to that of Daniel aboue mentioned , which hee also there alledgeth . It is all of mercie therefore , that God promiseth : It is all of mercie that Gods children pray for . It is † a Throne of grace that they repaire unto ; and it is “ mercie that they there sue for . It is for mercie all that they pray ; And to mercie it is , that they ascribe all : whatsoever either by prayer they obtaine at Gods hand , or a without prayer they have voluntarily conferred on them by him , ( as Iacob here much more than ever b hee did or durst aske , ) they acknowledge all to come of mercie . c They are the children , saith Iacob , that God hath of his mercie given thy Servant . And , d God hath beene mercifull to me : and therefore have I all this . And heere in my Text ; All the mercies , that thou hast shewed me . Even e the Iust , saith Augustine , will ascribe nothing to their merits , but give all onely to Gods mercie . For , f All is taken from the one , that is ascribed to the other , saith Bernard . Now this first againe serveth even to cut the very throat of that Romish Doctrine of Merit . For mercy and merit ( as they understand it ) by their owne confession cannot stand together . g That which a man meriteth , say they , hee hath not of mercie . And , it is h according to the judgement ( not of mercie , but ) of justice , that mans merit is rewarded . Where to omit that i even the reward , that we expect for our well doing to receiue , is , as Augustine from the Apostle k Pauls speech observeth , and l Bellarmine himselfe also from him acknowledgeth , of grace or free favour , ( which before also was shewed : ) and consequently by their owne grants also , m not of merit , but of meere mercie . As the Apostle reasoneth concerning Election ; n If it be of grace , then it is not of workes : for else grace were no grace . If it be of works , then it is not of grace : for else worke were no work . So here , o That which is of mercy , is not of merit : for els mercy were no mercie . And that which is of merit , is not of mercie : for else merit were no merit . Since it is no mercie to afford a man what he hath merited : no just merit that hath need of mercie . Or thus ; p If it be of right , then it is not of mercie : for else right were no right . If it be of mercie , then it is not of right , or due debt : for then mercy were no mercy . Since * it is no point of mercie to giue a man his due : nor needeth hee craue or sue for mercie , that demandeth but his due , and requireth consequently but his owne : As merit therefore leaveth no place for mercie : so ( “ there is no entrance for grace , saith Bernard , where merit is once got in . ) Mercie likewise leaveth no place for merit : the rather since that also , ( as well Primasius observeth ) when he hath done all , and can claime nothing as due therefore for what he doth of due debt . For q he is a debtor ( saith he , and † the Apostle before him ) and standeth bound to doe what hee doth , before he doe it ; and is justly and deservedly damned , if he doe it not ; and when he hath done all hee can , he hath nothing to glorie of , because hee hath done nothing but what hee stood bound to doe . It being most true that * S. Bernard , saith Bellarmine , sheweth in a Sermon of his , that for sundry respects , the good workes that wee doe are all due to God , and God might therfore well require them of us , though hee rendered us no reward for them : and therefore cannot we challenge any reward at Gods hand for them . And † how much lesse than can any man by way of condigne merit or due debt claime ought at Gods hand , when r no man doth any thing neere so much as he ought ? s Let who will , therefore trust to merit : t let us fly to , let us rely upon mercie . For u as it is a point of mercie with God to vouchsafe mercy to such as submissively and sincerely sue for it , seeke to it , and rely wholly upon it : So it shall be just with him to turne them off to their owne merits , and to deale with them as they deserve , that renouncing his mercy rely on their owne merits , and offer themselves to bee judged by his justice alone : ( And x in a wofull estate are all those , that come so to bee judged : ) That renouncing expresly as well Christs merit as Gods mercie , ( they doe so in precise tearmes , I doe them no wrong ) y expect and looke for a reward of their workes , not from the mercie of a Father , nor from the free bountie and liberalitie of a Prince , ( they are Bellarmines owne wordes ) but from the justice of a Iudge ; z not for Christs merit , ( for life eternall , say they , is not given for Christs merit , † nor is it to be ascribed thereunto ) but for the worth of their owne workes . Yea let us the rather abhorre this pestiferous Doctrine , which so strongly savoureth of the a Pharisaicall leven ; For that as b the acknowledgement of Gods mercy here was the ground of Iacobs thankefulnesse : so c this conceit of mans merit is the very bane of true thankfulnesse , and * their owne bane therefore that are possest with it , and cause of much unthankefulnesse to God for his mercies . For “ how can a man bee truely thankfull to God for ought , that thinketh he hath nothing from him , but what he hath deserved , he hath deerly earned , is of right due to him , and he should have wrong if hee had it not ? And let us acknowledge , ( as other the faithfull servants of God have done before us ) that it is , as our highest d wisedome to see our owne follie ; our best e knowledge for us to know our owne ignorance , and how little it is that indeed we know ; our greatest f perfection to discover and finde out our owne imperfection● , how far wee come short of that wee should be ; our maine g righteousnesse to acknowledge our owne unrighteousnesse ; and our chiefe h puritie sincerely to confesse our owne impuritie : so our only i merit to know the insufficiency of our merit , to beleeve that we have no such merit as the Popish sort imagine ; and our onely k worth and dignity , seriously to apprehend and sincerely to acknowledge our owne want of worth and indignitie , to account our selves with Iacob here unworthie of ought , and to ascribe it therefore not to our owne merit , but to Gods mercy that we have ought . And so passe wee to a second Vse of this point ; which may againe serve to teach us lowlinesse , thankfulnesse , and contentment of mind : m What wee have earned deerely and is owing us , wee may justly expect , and claime as of right due to us : and we thinke much when we come to demand a debt of one that oweth it us , n to crave it in any submissive manner ; and much more to be denied it , when wee make demand of it : for wee are wont to say in such cases , that we aske but our owne . But when wee come to crave a courtesie , to request a kindenesse ( from a superior especially ) of one that is no way indebted or engaged unto us , we are glad to come with cap in hand , and o vse all termes of submisnesse and engagement : nor haue we cause to bee discontent , if hee deny us ; and p we are wont to be well content ( if but in part hee please to grant our request ) with what he is willing to afford us ; and thinke that we have cause to be thankfull to him for it , whatsoever it be , be it never so meane ; because it is more than of right wee could challenge or demand of him . So here , q if we could claime or challenge ought at Gods hand by way of merit or due debt upon desert , it were somewhat ; some colour we might have to repine , when we had not what we would have , or r when wee have not as others have . But whenas God is no way thus endebted to any ; s all is absolutely his owne ; and t he may doe as he will with it : when as we come to him as u beggars doe to us , to aske almes , to crave all of meere mercie : we have great reason now to repaire to him in the submissest manner that may be : wee have no reason to repine , if hee giue us lesse than wee would ; ( Beggars , wee say , must bee no chusers : ) or x than hee giveth to many others . Wee would thinke much that any man should take upon him to controll us in the disposing of our almes ; ( albeit oft-times y we erre much therein , & z had need therfore of good advice from others : ) Great Potentates especially would take it in foule scorne , that euery base fellow should take upon him to direct them where & how to conferre their favours . Much more it is extreme arrogancie & presumption in us , when we will take upon us to controll God in the distribution of his mercies , as if hee did not distribute them so equally as hee ought . Whereas we should rather endevour * to bring our heart to his hand , and shape our will to his pleasure : that where hee staieth his liberality , there we stay our desires ; as in the wildernesse “ the Israelites made stay where the Arke staied : and when he enlargeth his hand , wee in thankfulnesse enlarge also our hearts : being thankefull to him for whatsoever wee have , be it more or lesse ; since that it is all of meere mercie ; not discontent for what wee have not , or for what we see others have . And thus was the former Ground of Gods goodnesse , his Mercy : the later followeth now , Veracitie , his Fidelitie , his Truth . Truth hath here reference to a word of promise . And wee may doe well to observe how these two are still coupled and yoaked together , Mercie and Truth . a All the waies of God are Mercie and Truth , saith the Psalmist ; and that even to those that keepe covenant with him . And , b Thy Mercie , O Lord , reacheth unto the heavens , and thy Truth or Faithfulnesse unto the clouds . And , c withdraw not thy tender Mercies from me , O Lord : but let thy Mercie and thy Truth alwaies preserve me . And , d I will praise thee for thy Mercie and thy Truth , &c. The one is the ground of Gods gracious promises : the other is the ground of the performance of what therein he hath promised . It is his Mercie that hee doth ought at first , and that he promiseth further to doe ought , And it is his Truth and his Iustice , ( for e Truth is a part also of Iustice ) that he performeth and maketh good what he hath promised . So that here is A second ground of Gods goodnesse , unto those whom by promise hee hath vouchsafed to tie himselfe unto , His Word and his Truth . f Send forth thy light and thy Truth , saith the Psalmist , to bring mee againe to thine holy Hill. And , g Destroy mine enemies in thy Truth . And , h My Mercie and truth , saith God , shall alwaies be with him : and my covenant shall stand firme with him for ever . For , i I will not breake my covenant ; nor will I falsifie my Truth . And , k Blessed therefore is the man , whose hope is in the Lord , who keepeth his Truth for ever . It is his Mercie that moveth him ; it is his Truth that bindeth him . It is his Mercie , I say , that induceth him to promise : it is his Truth that obligeth him to make good what hee hath promised . A sure tie-all . l Heaven and earth may faile sooner than Gods Truth ; than m hee should faile to make good ought that he hath promised to his . For first , it is against the very nature of God to doe otherwise . n Hee that made the e●re , saith the Psalmist , shall not he heare ? and he that made the eye shall not hee see ? and o hee that teacheth man wisdome , that giveth man understanding , shall not hee understand himselfe ? So he that p teacheth man truth , and of man q requireth truth , shall not r hee keepe and observe truth himselfe ? Yea how is it possible hee should doe otherwise who is truth it selfe ? who as hee is s a God of truth and t truth it selfe , so his Word also is u a word of truth and x truth it selfe : And therefore y hee cannot lie , z nor deny himselfe : It were a an impotency in him , if hee were able to doe either . b If you that are evill know how to give good things to your children ; how much more , saith our Saviour , shall your heavenly Father , who is c goodnesse it selfe , give good things to his ? So if d an honest man will bee carefull to keepe his word , one that hath but some small drop of this divine Truth distilled into his heart , which floweth infinitly in God , how much more shall hee doe so , who is e Truth it selfe , and who f can no more cease to be true or to be just than he can cease to be God. Againe , is not God as prone ( thinke wee ) and as readie unto Mercie as unto wrath ; to doe good as to g doe evill ; to blesse as to curse ; to fulfill his promises , as to execute his threatnings and his menaces ; to cause to prosper , as to punish ? Yes undoubtedly , and ( if wee may say so ) h much more . But Gods threatnings against the wicked shall undoubtedly take effect . God hath even i by a solemne oath bound himselfe thereunto : and that k they shall finde to their endlesse woe one day unfailable , that now either deny it , or make doubt of it . And much more then shall his free promises bee made good all to the godly : The rather since that l hee hath bound himselfe by oath as well to the fulfilling of the one , as to the effecting and executing of the other . Now this consideration may first serve to cleer many places of Scripture , where Gods children seeme to require God even m in justice to heare , and helpe them , and doe for them , & deliver them : And where God is said to be n just , either in remitting of mens sinnes , or o in rewarding of their workes . Which places p Popish writers are wont to abuse and produce for the justification of their pernicious Positions concerning mans merit , and the worth of mens workes . As if in those places Gods children pleaded unto God their owne merits , in regard whereof God in iustice might not deny them their suits , they requiring nothing but what by their owne righteous actions they had even in justice deserved at Gods hands : Or as if Gods justice it selfe so tied him to the rewarding of their workes , in regard of the very worth and dignitie of them , that God could not without some taint of injustice doe otherwise . But q that the justice or righteousnesse that the Saints and servants of God speake of in those places , neither is , nor respecteth simply the justice or righteousnesse of their persons , in regard whereof , and for the worth of which , God in justice , were engaged to do for them what they require of him , is hereby apparant , in that in some of those very places , where they require or pleade this justice , * they sue yet for mercie , and renounce their owne righteousnesse , and refuse to be tried by the precise Rule of Gods justice . But what justice or righteousnesse will some say , then is it ? I answer : It is sometime r the justice of their cause ; when being falsely accused , and wrongfully charged , by their malicious Adversaries , with such crimes as they never either committed or imagined , they dare s appeale even to Gods justice , and offer themselues to be tried thereby for their innocency therein . Sometime it is Gods justice and righteousnes , that is , his Truth , or his Faithfulnesse ; which the Psalmist therefore t joyneth together , ( it is * Hugh the Cardinals observation ) as one and the same . For † truth or faithfulnesse is ( as before was said ) a branch and a limme of justice or righteousnesse . That which even our Adversaries themselves also confesse & acknowledge , expounding some such places so also themselves . u If wee confesse our sinnes , saith S. Iohn , God is faithfull and just to forgive us our sinnes , and to cleanse us ( how but by x Christs blood ? ) from all iniquitie . Here y those words just and faithfull , saith Bellarmine , are referred to Gods promise : z For therefore , saith he , is God said to bee faithfull and just , because hee standeth to his word , and breaketh not his faith . Though therein a hee crosseth himselfe againe elsewhere ; and hee addeth wretchedly , yea impiously in the same place , that b there seemeth to bee no promise at all extant in Scripture concerning remission of sinnes upon confession of them made unto God. In like manner where the Apostle saith , c For God is not unjust , to forget your worke and labour of love , which you shew to his Name , in ministring to his Saints . d He sheweth manifestly , saith Bellarmine , that hee should be unjust , if hee did otherwise . And therfore e it is neither hold nor blasphemous to say , that God should be unjust , if hee should not keep his promises : to confute which assertion , f falsely fathered upon Durand , whom therein he doth wrong too , he produceth that place . Againe whereas S. Paul saith , g There is a crowne of righteousnesse ( and so it may bee , and yet * a crowne of mercie too , saith Chrysostome ) laid up for mee , which the just Iudge will render unto me in that day ; and not to mee alone , but to all those that love his appearance , h It is not his owne righteousnesse , but Gods righteousnesse , saith Bernard , that the Apostle here buildeth upon . For it is a just thing for God to pay that that hee oweth . And hee oweth that that he hath promised . i It was out of mercie indeed promised , but it is of justice to bee performed . k And this is the iustice that the Apostle here presumeth of , even Gods promise . For l that may well be of justice and due debt required , that was freely promised at first . To which purpose also even Bellarmine , m That which God doth of grace or free favour , saith he , that hee may not doe : ( or hee may chuse whether he will doe or no. ) But yet when he hath promised once to doe it , hee cannot now but doe it , though not simply and absolutely , yet in respect of his promise . Hence is that that Augustine , and n others after him , so oft have . o God , saith hee , albeit hee be debtor to none , yet hath hee made himselfe a debtor to us . But how ? Not by receit , but by promise . Not by receiving of ought from us ; but by promising what hee pleased and thought good himselfe unto us . In regard whereof very pithily and piously saith Bernard , p My Iudges will ( or good will ) is my right . What can be righter ? What can be richer ? What righter for merit ? What richer for recompence ? Now q it is one thing to say to one , You owe me this or that , because I have bestowed somewhat upon you , or have done this or that for you , and have thereby deserved it : and another thing to say , You owe mee this or that , because you promised to bestow it on me . In the one , the ground of the debt ariseth from the worke or deed and desert of the partie that claimeth it : in the other , from the word and promise of him , of whom it is claimed , r In the former sense , saith Augustine , can no man claime ought of God : because no man can by any such meanes tie or engage God to himselfe . But in the latter sense some may , in regard of his promise past to them , by which , though free otherwise , s hee hath bound himselfe to doe for them , to the performance whereof , his truth and his justice doe now tie him . By vertue of which truth and justice Gods Saint● oft require that of God , which in justice otherwise they durst not , nor could claime or challenge at his hands as of due debt or of desert . Againe , this may further bee of singular ●se to all Gods deere children and faithfull servants to hearten and encourage them quietly and contentedly to rest and repose themselves wholly upon him and his truth , for the making good of all his gracious promises unto them . t Let your conversation , saith the Apostle , bee without covetousnesse , ( yea or distrustfulnesse either ; ) and rest contented with what you have . For hee hath said , ( and what hee hath said , concerneth us , as well as either u Iacob or x Ioshua , to whom it was said ) y I will not leave thee , nor in any wise will I forsake thee . z So that wee may boldly say ( yet not presum●ng of our owne merit and worth , but on his mercy and truth ) with the Psalmist , a The Lord is my feeder ; I am sure to want nothing : and , b The Lord is mine helper ; I need not feare any thing . He hath said it : and that is enough ; we need no other security , his bare word is as good , yea better than any bond . For he is c a God of truth ; and d cannot goe from his word . And e those therefore that trust in him , shall not need ( as the Prophet speaketh ) to f make haste ; by seeking to unlawfull and indirect courses for the releeving of themselves , when they are in some want ; or for the recovering of themselves , when they are fallen behinde hand ; or for the enlarging of their estates , when charge beginneth to grow upon them : g like those that to save themselves being in danger of drowning , catch hold of whatsoever commeth next hand , such things oft as are meanes rather to enwrap and entangle and so to winde them further in , than to beare them up , or to helpe them out . Nor shall they need h to hang ( as our Saviour Christ speaketh ) in suspence ; as i the Clouds doe in the aire , k hovering to and fro , as the wind driveth them , and uncertaine whether to hang still there , or to fall downe on the earth : perplexed and distracted with l carking care and thought for the things of this life how they shall have wherewith to maintaine their charge , and to feed and cloth them and theirs ; especially if deare times come , & further charge grow upon them , or if trading decay and wax dead with them , or if those breake that they have dealings with , and the like : As if God were tied to these meanes ; or as if the performance of Gods promises depended upon these things ? But walke they may well cheerfully in the m carefull performance of those duties that God hath in their severall places imposed on them , ( for there is n a diligent care as well as o a diffident ; the one enjoyned , the other inhibited ) and so p leave the issue and event of all to God and his blessing : q who will be sure to provide for them , and will suffer neither them , nor theirs ( for r hee is a God of his Word , and that s all shall finde , that trust to it ) to want any thing at any time , that shall be fit for them . These then were the two grounds of Gods goodnesse to Iacob , his mercie and his truth . Now followeth a fruit and effect , and so a proofe and experiment of this mercy and truth , and consequently of his goodnesse in generall . For I went , saith Iacob , ●ver this river Iordan with my staffe onely in mine hand ; and now am I become owner of two troupes , or two bands . Where we have , first , An humble acknowledgement of his meane beginnings . He came into the Countrey t with his staffe onely , like a poore Pilgrim , a Stranger , a Traveller ; no companie with him ; no attendance upon him ; like one , that went , as wee say , to seeke his fortune abroad : and u hee thought himselfe well apaid , if he might have but meat , drinke and apparell onely , every servants allowance . Which hee mentioneth , as x other Servants of God , doe sometime the like ; Partly to testifie the inward humilitie and lowlinesse of his minde , not puft up ( as the y manner is ) with that great masse of wealth , that God had pleased to conferre upon him : to shew that z his heart was not altered , albeit his estate were : Iacob continued the same man that hee was when hee came over Iordan : hee had not forgotten his former estate : his mind remained still the same that it was . And partly also to commend and amplifie the great goodnesse of God towards him , who from so meane and bare an estate had advanced him and raised him , to that wealth which hee now had . Where first come many to bee controlled and condemned , who being raised from a very meane estate , even a from the mire and muck hill , the dung-cart or the dung-hill , as the Psalmist speaketh ; when they are once gotten up , * are ashamed now to be acknowne of their beginnings , can endure no more to heare of their parentage and their off-spring ; refuse to take notice of their poore kindred , that are yet as they were . Yea b so farre in these cases forget not a few what formerly they haue beene , that c none are many times more insolent , or more arrogant than such , none more imperious , or more scornefull toward others , even those that have beene sometime their betters , as if they had never beene other than they are , or had ever beene such as now they are . But let such take heed , lest they heare from God as Saul sometime by Samuel , d When thou wast meane in thine owne eyes , I advanced thee , &c. And lest , as hee for his disobedience , so they for their pride and ingratitude and hautinesse of spirit , e bee plucked downe , and stript , and laid as low againe as ever they were . Let them remember what the Wise man saith ; f Pride ushereth destruction ; and an high minde forerunneth a fall . And our Saviour in the Gospell : g Hee that lifteth up himselfe , shall be laid low ; and hee that abaseth himselfe shall be exalted . And h a miserable thing it is , as the Heathen man speaketh , to have beene happy , or as the holy Ghost , i to have beene in honour . For k the higher a man sitteth , the heavier he falleth : And l better not to rise , than to rise and fall . But m a double misery it is to bee miserable , and yet not commiserated ; to be in pitifull plight , and yet not to bee pitied . That which is usually n the lot of such when they do fall : The more scornfully they have carried themselves towards others while they were aloft , the lesse are they pitied of any when they come downe . For by such their carriage having made themselves * not envious onely , but odious , as they were an eye-sore , while they stood , so they become a laughing-stocke , when they fall . Which things considered , let such therfore among you , as are come up from meane estate to large and plentifull meanes , learne to imitate Iacob , and to doe as hee here did . Looke backe to your beginnings . o Be not puffed up in pride , in regard of your present wealth : Nor take you occasion thereby p to contemne or disdaine others , that come short of you therein . But q remember what you have beene sometime your selves ; and how farre beneath not a few of those , whom you have gotten now so farre aboue . It is hard , if there be not some in this place , ( for my part I know none : but sure I am , many such there have beene , and some such there may heere bee ) that may say with Iacob , I came into this Citie with a staffe in mine hand , and a freeze co●t on my backe ; ( yea it may be , in farre meaner estate yet then he ) with neither hose nor shooes on my feet , and scarce a penny in my purse ; glad if I might get into any almost , though never so meane service . And now God hath given mee a large and a plentifull estate : hee hath made mee a Master of many servants ; hee hath richly cloathed mee , provided liberally for me , &c. And r let not then what you are now ( if it have beene and be thus with any of you ) make you forget what you have beene . But as s Agathocles being by birth but a Potters sonne , and yet having by his prowesse attained to bee King of his owne Countrey , caused his cupboard to be furnished with earthen Cups , and his table , to bee served with earthen dishes , that hee might thereby bee put in minde of his meane and poore parentage . So doe you cast your eyes backe on your meane beginnings , that by consideration thereof you may the rather bee moved , both unto thankefulnesse to God for what you now have ; and t to humility , modestie , and lowlinesse of minde , u to carry your selues the more moderately towards those , that are still as you once were , or that were once as you are now , but are now as your selues were once . Such then was Iacobs penurie , and his meane beginnings at first . Now followeth Gods bountie towards him , in so enriching him , and improving and enlarging his estate in that matter , that hee was now become Master and owner of two troupes . Whence observe we , that God is able to raise frō low degree ; and from mean estate & small beginnings to bring to great matters . a He raiseth , saith the Psalmist , the needy out of the dust ; and lifteth the poore up from the dunghill : to seat him with Princes , even with the Princes of his people , and * to make him inherite the throne of glorie , saith Anna. Hee tooke b Saul from seeking his Fathers Asses ; and David from feeding his Fathers Sheepe , and d following the Ewes great with young , to feede his people in Iacab , and his inheritance in Israel . And by his meanes saith Salomon , e Out of the prison come some to raigne , and out of the dungeon some to sit in the Chaire of estate ; as wee know what f Ioseph sometime did . c g Nor is it any hard matter with him so to doe . For he is the h supreame Iudge , that setteth up and pulleth downe . i All estates hold of him , and k hee disposeth them at pleasure . No Prince can so easily ruine , or raise , as hee can both them and their favorites also ; for if them , much more then those that depend upon thē . l Thine is the kingdome , saith David ; and thou reignest ●ver all : and in thine hand it is to make great , and to give might unto any , even the meanest . Againe , all the wealth in the world is his . For , m Gold is mine , and silver is mine , saith he by Haggie . And , n Riches and honour are thine and of thee , saith King David . Yea o The earth is the Lords , saith the Psalmist , and the fulnesse thereof . And , p The whole world , saith hee , is mine , and whatsoever therein is . q The Devill may pretend title to it , but hath of right nothing to doe with it ; r nor hath hee or any other whosoever power to dispose of ought in it , further than he permitteth . The consideration whereof may first serve to admonish us not to trust unto these things . s Charge the rich men of this world , saith the Apostle , not to be high minded ; nor to trust in uncertaine riches : so uncertaine , saith Nazianzene , that t a man may as well trust to the weather-cocke , that standeth continually in the wind , or to figures and characters not u drawn , as another speaketh , in the ice , but x written in the running water , as to the wealth of this world . Since that y hee that gave them can againe resume them . ( z God gave , and God hath taken , saith Iob. ) a He that set up , can as well and as easily pull downe . For this is easier ( whatsoever b the Canon law saith to the contrarie in some cases ) c than that . d Out of the prison , saith Salomon , there commeth one to reigne , when e hee that was himselfe borne a King is abased . As he that was so poore is here stored and made rich : so f hee that is most rich , may as soone be puld and made poore , and left barer than ever Iacob when hee came to Laban at first . Secondly , it may encourage men to depend upon Gods providence ; and to seeke to him for wealth , and not to Satan : that is , to seeke it by lawfull & honest means , and g not by unlawfull and indirect courses . Since that h God is as well , yea farre better able to enrich by the one , than the Devill is , or can be by the other . He that thus enriched Iacob , notwithstanding i Labans hard , crosse , and unjust dealing with him , is k no lesse able still ( for l neither is his hand now shortened , nor his treasurie exhausted ) to doe the like for those that depend , with Iacob , upon him , and m walke no other way toward wealth , than they are directed by him , n notwithstanding all the affronts and oppositions that the world and worldly men , whom they live either among or under , and have occasion to deale with , shall be ever able to make against them . Thirdly , it may teach young beginners not to bee dismaid or discouraged in regard of ther small beginnings . Hast thou but a small matter to set up with , and to begin the world withall ? Consider what God is able to doe for thee : and what hee hath done before time , o who is the same still , for those that were his . It is hard if thou hast not as much as Iacob had here to begin with , and we see what God brought it to . Be thou thankfull therefore to God for that little that thou hast ; ( p in thankfulnesse a poore man may bee as rich as a richer ) and that may prove an effectuall meanes to improve it . Endeavour thy selfe q to walke uprightly before him , and r to keepe a good conscience in the course of s thy calling . And thou shalt see , hee will t build thine house for thee , and so u blesse thine endeavours ; that x though thy beginnings be small , yet thy latter end ( if hee see it to be good for thee ) shall be great ; as Bildad told Iob ; and as in Iob God made it good , y setting him up againe with nothing , after those his great losses , but the contribution of his friends ; and raising him thereby and his blessing on it , to a larger estate than ever hee had enjoyed before time . Lastly , hath God dealt with any of you , as hee had done here with Iacob ? Take heed how you a sacrifice to your yarne , and burne incense to your net : how you b kisse your owne hand ; and ascribe your wealth and your raising , c to your owne forecast and industry , and so make an idoll of it . Remember that which Salomon saith , that d it is the blessing of God that maketh a man rich : and that e all mans labour and care is nothing without it : that f it is God , as Moses speaketh , that giveth you power to get wealth . Learne not the language of the rich worldling , g Soule , thou hast much good ; or of Esau , a meere naturall , h I haue enough ; and no more : but the language of Iob rather , i The Lord hath given ; the language of David , k Of thine hand , O Lord , and thine , is all that wee have ; the language of Eleazer , Abrahams servant , l God hath blessed my Master greatly , and he is thereby become great : He hath given him flocks and heards , and gold and silver , and servants , &c. the language of Iacob ; * The children that God of his grace hath given mee : and , m God hath beene good to mee , and therefore have ● all this . n As you have received all from God ; so ascribe all unto God ; and bee thankefull to him for all . Let the streames of Gods bountie leade you ( as o the water-course doth , either to the spring upward , or downeward to the maine Ocean ) to p the sourse and fountaine from which they doe flow . Returne a tribute unto him , from whom you receive all ; as q the rivers doe to the Sea , from whence they have their first rising . r That may be a good means to secure the rest to you ; whereas the withholding of it , as s the Merchants non-payment of the Kings custome , may prove the utter losse of all . Let him , I say , that gave all , t receive a part againe from you of that that is u his owne , by x the releefe of his poore members , by the support and maintenance of his Ministers ; it is that in effect that z Iacob so solemnly vowed to shew his thankfulnesse in . Not that he needed it , a who needeth nothing himselfe ; no more than b the Sea doth the rivers that runne into it : but that your thankfull mindes thereby may be testified , and hee encited to bee the more beneficiall to you , c who desireth any good occasion of doing you good . Returne him part ; said I ? Nay , d dedicate all to him , y as you have received all from him ; by e imploying all to his glory , f using all after his will : g For of him , and through him ; and therefore unto him are all things : and to him be glorie for ever . Amen . THE IVDGEMENT OF a great Schoole-man , concerning the Merit of mans workes ; contrarie to that which the Church of Rome now holdeth ▪ Durandus in Sentent . lib. 2. dist . 27. quaest . 2. MErit of condignitie strictly and properly taken , is such a voluntarie action for which in justice or of right a reward is due to one , so that if it be not rendered , he that should render it doth wrong , and is simply and properly unjust . And such merit of condignitie is found among men , but is not in man towards God. That which hereby appeareth , because that which is rendered rather out of the liberalitie of the giver , than out of any debt due to the worke , commeth not within the compasse of Merit of condignitie strictly and properly taken . But whatsoeuer wee receive from God , be it grace or glorie , or good temporall , or spirituall ( whatsoever good worke done for the same goe before in us ) we receive rather and more principally from Gods liberalitie , than rendered as due for the desert of the worke . And therefore nothing at all commeth within compasse of Merit of condignitie so taken . The Major appeareth by the definition of Merit of condignitie before assigned . The Minor is thus proved : because it is an easier and a lesse matter to make a full recompence for that that one hath received from another , than to make him a debtor . For to make him a debtor , it is necessarie that one returne him more than hee hath received from him , that so in regard of that overplus the other may become his debtor . But no man can fully recompence God ; according to that which the a Philosopher saith , That God and our Parents can never bee sufficientlie recompenced . Therefore much lesse is it possible , that by any worke of ours God should become debtor to us , so that hee should be injust , if he paid us not somewhat for it , that were due unto us for the same . The reason hereof is , because what wee are , and what wee have , be it good actions , or good dispositions , or the use of them , &c. it is all in us of Gods liberalitie , both freely bestowing it on us , and freely preserving it in vs. And because by a free gift no man is bound to give more : but the receiver rather is thereby bound to the giver . Therefore by good dispositions , or good actions , or the good use of either bestowed on us by God , God is not bound in any bond of justice to give us ought else , so that if hee should not give it , he should be unjust ; but wee are rather thereby bound to God. And to thinke or say the contrary , is bold and blasphemous . And if God therefore to a man dying in grace should deny glorie , hee should doe therein no wrong : nor should hee be unjust , if hee should withdraw glory from one that alreadie hath it . And if any should complaine hereof , God might say unto him , as it is in the Gospell , b May I not doe as I will with mine owne ? And the partie that should suffer it , ought to say as Iob did , c The Lord hath given , and the Lord hath taken ; hee hath done as he pleased : blessed be his Name . For since that every good thing is of Gods free gift , God is not bound thereby , because hee hath given some thing , to give other some also , so that hee should be unjust , if hee gave them not . And if any thing bee bestowed on us , or returned to us for our good workes , it is rather and more principally out of Gods liberalitie that giveth it , than out of any debt that is due to our workes . If any shall say , that albeit God become not a debtor by any worke of ours , yet hee becometh a debtor by his owne promise d expressed in Scriptur . It is of no force , for two causes : The first is , because Gods promise in Scripture implieth no such obligation , but importeth onely a liberall disposition in God. The second is , because that which is rendered , is not rendered for the due desert of the worke , but for the promise precedent . It is not , I say , rendered , for the condigne merit of the worke , but onely or principally for the promise : And so it is not such debt , as we now speake of . Thus it appeareth that Merit of condignitie strictly and properly taken , to wit , for a voluntarie action , for which a reward is of justice due to the doer , so that if it be not paid , hee that should pay it , doth wrong , and is simply and properly unjust ; is not in man towards God , yea that it is altogether impossible for any such to be . FINIS . Notes, typically marginal, from the original text Notes for div A01537-e90 * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 P●● q●am respondere possem : uti Iunius vert●t , P●alm . 119.67 . The Worshipfull Company of Haberdashers . * Genes . 35.1 . Notes for div A01537-e1970 Coherence . a Verse 6. Iacobs Praier . Parts 4. Part 1. b Tu dixisti . Vers. 9. c Chap. 31.3 , 13. d Summa est Deum sequi ducem securitas . Incedit tutus qui ducem sequitur Deum . Ambr. de Abraam , l. 1. c. 2. Part 2. e Vers. 10. f Indignitatis agnitio , ingratitudinis amolitio . Part 3. g Vers. 11. Part 4. h Vers. 12. i Chap. 28.14 , 15. Text. Part 2. Particulars . 1. Iacobs Vnworthinesse . 2. Gods Goodnesse . Grounds 2. 1. Mercie . 2. Truth . Fruit. Iacobs Penurie . Gods Bounty . Generall . Iacobs Thankfulnesse . * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Chrysost. ●om . 8. serm . 14. Observ. 1. k Arrogans oratio , si ab homine quid petiturus , dicas statim , Da mihi , Hoc peto , Debet inchoari Oratio à laude Dei , ut sequatur supplicatio . Ambr. nomine de Sa●ram . l. 6. c. 5. l Psal. 90.1 . m Psal. 85.1 . n Psal. 44.1 . o Psal. 71.18 , 19. Reasons 2. Reason 1. p Deum siquidem ad ampliora d●ndū provocamus , quando sibi de praeteritis gratias ref●ramus . Sicut agricola terraemillam diligentius colit , quae uberius fructum reddit . Alex. Carpent . destruct . V●t . Par. 6. c. 4. q Optima petitio ipsa gratiarum est actio . r Efficacissimū genus est rogandi gratias agere . Pl●n . Paneg . s Ascensus gr●tiarum descensus grati● . Invitat ad magna , qui gratanter suscipit modica : & spem de futuris recipit , qui transacta beneficia recognoscit : nec desperatione frangitur , qui magnorum munerū consolatione r●boratur . Cassi●d . Variar . t Mirabili natura , siquis veli● reputare , ut si uges gignantur , ar●ores frutic esque viva●t , in coelum migra●e aquas , animamque etiam herbis vitalem inde deferre . Plin. hist. nat . lib. 31. cap. 1. Reason 2. u Sequentium rerum certitudo est praeteritarum exhibitio . Greg. in Evang. hom . 1. Ex perception● praeteritorum munerum firma fit expectatio futurorum . Bern. de Temp. 18. & in Psal. 90. Serm. 7. x Psal. 4.1 . y Deus justitiae mi●i . Deus mi justissime . Sicut Coloss. 1.13 . Hebr. 1.3 . Esai . 2.20 . & 31.7 . Quanquam potest exponi etiam , Deus vindex & assertor justitiae meae : vti Iun. & alij . z Psal 27.9 . a Deus salutis , pro salutifero : ut turris salutum , pro omni modo salutiaera . 2 Sam. 22. ul● . b 1 Sam. 17.37 . c 2 Cor. 1.10 . d 2 Tim. 4.16 , 17 , 18. Vses 2. Vse 1. e 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Carneades apud Plut. de tranquill . Quod Budaeus perperam est interpretatus , dum 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , esse existimavit . Sic qui pomum in manu sua died midia tenuerit , reliqua diei parte pomis●rvabit odorem . Bernard . de Temp. 31. Inducement . f Psal. 78.7 , 8 , 10 , 11 , 12. Quod scimus cum necesse nō est , in necessitate nescimus . Bern. de Consider . l. 2. g Psal. 125.3 . h Largitio fontem ipsum benignitatis exhaurit . Ita benignitate tollitur benignitas ; quâ quo in plures vsus sis , eo minus in multos uti po●●●s . Cic. Offic. l. 2. & apud Lactant. Instit. l. 6. c. 11. Hinc Hieron . ad Paulin. Etiam liberalitate perit liberalitas . i Esai . 59.1 . k Mat. 6.30 . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . l Psal. 22.9 , 10. m 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . 2 Cor. 9 8. Vse 2. n 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Grata mente nihil est Deo gratius : Et gratiarum actio est ad plus dandum invitatio . Chrysost. in Genes . hom . 52. * Psal. 67.5 , 6. o Indignus est dandis , qui ingratus est pro datis . Aug. de Temp. citante Io. Herolt . de Tēp . 112. Non est dignus dādis , qui non agit grates pro datis . Greg. laudante Gul. Perald . Sum. tom . 2. tr . 6. p. 3. c. 1. & in epist. Dom. 18. Pent. ser. 1. & in Euang. dom . 14. Trinit . Ser. 1. Accipiendis indignus est , qui fuerit de acceptis ingratus . Bern. de Divers . 27. & Iac. Genuens . de Temp. 150. * Gratiarum enim cessat decursus , ubi recursus non fuerit , Bern. de Temp. 40. p Ingratitudo ventus exurens est , exiccans sibi rorem misericordiae , fluenta gratiae . Bernard . in Cant. 51. q Jn Halesina regione fons est quietus & tranquillus cum siletur ; si insonent tibiae exultabundus ad cantus elevatur , & ultra marginē extumescit . Solin . Polyhist . c. 11. r Ita sons divinae bonitatis ad laet●m gratia●um actionē exuberat , & beneficiorum suorum aquas inundat ; subsidit , ubi ea deficit . Alex. Carp. destruct . vi● . par . 6. c. 4. s Petitionibus effectum negat , quod ingrati invenimur . Bern. de divers . 27. t Quid sibi vult quod minus ergasuos liberalis nunc divina clementia videatur , ut quibus tanta contulit nec vocantibus , nunc orantibus , obsecrantibus , postulantibus sapissime , imò continuè minora multo denegare videatur ▪ Bern. ibid. u Non quod aut manus abbreviata , a●t mutata voluntas , aut 〈◊〉 facult●s . Sed quia non est inventur , qui gratias 〈◊〉 . Idem ibid. x Num. 11.23 . Esai . 50.2 . & 59.1 . y Semperidem . Psal. 22.2 , 3. & 102.27 . Mal. 3.6 . Heb. 13.8 . Iam. 1.17 . z Luk. 17.17 . a Vt accipiant , ●importuni ; donec acceperint , inquieti ; ubi acceperint , migrati . Bern. de Consider . l. 4. b 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Ph●●o de vita Mosis . c Quae c●ntulit gratis , tollit ingratis . Quod illo dante fit nostrum , nobi● super●ientibus fit ali●●um . Aug. H●mil . 14. Nec tantum nihil a●getur ingrat● ; sed & quod datum est , tollitur . Bern. de Temp. 40. d Quia dedisse poenitet , quod perisse videtur . Nunquid enim non perit , quod ingrato donatur ? Idem ibid. 79. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Lucian . anthol . lib. 1. ca. 30. e Hosea 2.8 , 9. * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 amas●os meos . f Revertar & tollam .i. tollam denuo , recipiam . Sicut Dan. 9.25 . revertetur et aedificabitur , .i. reaedificabitur : uti Livel . in Chronol . Pers. g Ezech. 29.3 , 9. h Esai . 19.5 , 6 ▪ i 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . C●esias in Iudic . apud Phot. Biblioth . Cod. 72. k Deut. 11.9 , 10. l 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Her●●dot . Thal. Vndè & Nilus , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , dictus , quia creditus est , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Idem Euterp . m 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 habitum est , quod Psammenit● regnante , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Thebae Aegyptiae , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Idem Thal. n 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 1 Chron. 13.5 . & Ier. 2.18 . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Dionys. Perieget . Siris Nilus Aethiopibus , & Homero Aegyptus . Plin. hist. Nat. l. 5. c. 9. Id nominis habet ab aquarum nigredine ; prout & Graecis à colore vulturino , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , sed & 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 dictus r●t . Vide Scalig. ad Fest. Nam frustra sunt , qui apud Euflath ▪ Graecam voci exoticae tribuunt originem . o 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Greg. Naz. ad Aegypt . adven . Aegypti siccitatem Nilus temperat . Minut. Octau . Nili fluvij opibus et foecunditate pascitur . Ruffin . hist l. ● . c. 23. Nilus coloni vice fungens ( 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Herodot . ) à Solstitio evagari incipit , primum lētè , deinde vehem●tius quamdiu Sol in Leone est ; m●x pigrescit in Virginem transgresso , atque in Libra residet . Plin. hist. Nat. l. 18. c. 18. Hinc Nilus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , dictus Aegyptijs . Gregor . Naz. in Athanas. Imbrifer , quod imbrium vices suppleret ; & Spicifer , quod fruges produceret , Martial . l. 1. ep . 62. & l. 10. ep . 74. p Proinde aut sterilis annus , aut fertilis est , prout ille magnus influxerit , aut parcior . Sen. quaest . Nat. l. 4. c. 2. Si 12. cubita non excessit , fames certa est ; nec minus , si 16. exuperavit . Tanto enim tardius decedit , quanto abundantius crevit , & sementem art et . Plin. hist. Nat. l. 18. c. 1● . & Sol●● ▪ Polyhist . cap. ●4 . Hi●c Greg. Naz. in Epiphan . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ( malè vulg● 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ) 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . q 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Herodot . ●uterp . r Quanquam Hom. Odyss . ● Nilum 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 appellat . quod & Strabo notat geogr. lib. 17. b Aegyptus alendis augendisque seminibus ita gloriata est , ut nihil imbribus coeloque deberet . Siquid●m proprio semper amne perfusa , nec alio genere aquarum so●●ta pinguescere , quam quas ipse de vexerat tantis segetibus induebatur , ut cum feracissimis terris , quasi nunquam cessura censeretur . Plin. Paneg. Hinc Tibull . l. 1. el. 7. sic Nilum alloquitur , Te propter nullos tellus tua postulat imbres : Arida nec pluvio supplicat herba Iovi . Quia scil . Non nubium illa imbribus , sed terrae ipsius sudore & Nili fluminis incrementis foveretur . Aug. nomine de mirab . S Scr. l. 1. c. 6. Itaque Aegyptus in hoc spem suam habet . Nemo ( ibi ) aratorum caelum suspicit . Sen. q●est . Nat. lib. 4. c. 2. Quo loco mem●●ia lapsus Ovidio tribuit , quod est Tibulli . c Bienni● continuo non ascendisse regnante Cleopatra , ●ostat . Per novem annos superioribus seculis non ascendisse , Callimaehus est autor . Sen. quaest . Nat. l. 4. c. 2. Hinc Ovid. Art. l. 1. Creditur Aegyptus caruisse juvantib● arva Imbribus , atque annis sic●a fuisse novem . d Quantum crevit Nilus , tantum spei in annum est . Nec computatio fallit agricolam : adeò ad mensuram fluminis respondet , quā fertilem facit Nilus . Is arenoso & sitienti solo & aquam inducit & terram . Nam turbulentus cum fluat , faecem relinquit , & quicquid pingue secum ●ulit , allini● : juvatque agros duabꝰ ex causis , & quod in●ndat , & quod oblimat . Ita d●bet illi Aegyptus fertilitatem svam : & quicquid non adij● , sterile ac squalidum jacet . Sen. ibid. Mira natura fluminis , quod cum c●eteri amnes abluant terras & eviscerent . ( Limum non inv●●unt Euphrates Tigrisque sicut in Aegypto Nilus ; sed praepinguem densamque ubertatem dil●unt . Plin. hist. Nat. l. 1● . c. 17. ) Nilus contra vires adjicit . Ibid. e 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Chrysost. in Matth. hom . 25. f Beneficia plura recipit , quiscit redd●re . P. Syr. M●li●ra siquidem & majora meretur accipere , qui collata bona d● corde probatur non emittere . Cassiodor . in Psal. Et fidelis in modic● , munere dignus a●pliore ●ens●tur . Bern. de Temp. 40. Sicut c●ntra , Infidelis in modico , quod maximum est accipere non meretur . Ibid. 91. * Ant. Rous. oile of Scorp . Consid. 2. sect . 4. Particulars . Particular 1. Iacobs unworthinesse . g Minor sum cunctis miserationibus tuis . Vulg. h 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Sense . Reason 1. i Minor sum , i. indignus sum m●serationibus tuis mihi impensis . Hug. Car. Excedunt miserationes tuae merita mea . Propter substantiam hoc dicit , quam sine meritis ●edit . Hier. Oleast . Jndignus in quem tot tantaque conferret . Calvin . Piscat . k Jnferior . i. Impar sum omnibus beneficijs his . Iun. Reason 2. l 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . m Psal. 116.12.13 . Quaerebat quid retribueret , & non inveniebat . Imò quasi aliquid invenit , remā sit in actione gratiarum : nam in relatione defecit . Gratias agere licet , referre non licet : non enim potes . Aug. in Psal. 44. n Quid dicam aliud quam gratias gratiae ejus ? Nos enim gratias agimus : non damus , nec reddimus , nec referimus , nec rependimus gratiam . Idem in Psal. 88. Observ. 2. o Genes . 18.27 . p 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 nóris & cinis . q 2 Sam. 7.18 . r Psal. 8.4 . & 144.3 . Iob 7.17 , 18. Misericordiae tuae est , non meritorum ipsius . Aug. de divers . 20. s Matth. 3.11 . t Mak. 1.7 . Luk. 3.16 . u Matth. 8.8 . x Luk. 7.7 . y Luk. 5.19 , 21. z 1 Cor. 15.9 . Si● de se Ambr. de Poenit . l. 2. c. 8. Indignus vocari Episcopus . Grounds 2. Consider . 4. Ground 1. Consid. 1. a Iob 39.37 . b Psal. 51.5 . c Iob 15.14 , 15. d Iob 25.5 , 6. e Lumbricus . Iun. f Iob 15.16 . g Cui peccatum aequè familiare ac cibus & potꝰ est . Iun. h Psal. 138.8 . i Opus tuum in me vide , Domine , non meum . Nam meum si videris , damnas me : Tuum si videris , coronas me . Nā & quae cunque sunt bona oper● mea , abs te mihi sunt : et ideò tua magis quā mea sunt . Aug. in Psal. 137. Adde quod Bern. de Temp. 48. Necesse est credere quod aeternam vitam nullis potes operibus promereri , nisi gratis detur & ipsa . Merita enim omnia dona Dei sunt : & ita homo magis propter ipsa Deo debitor est , quā Deus homini . Quod idem & Durand . habet in Sent. l. 2. d. 28. q. 1. k Rom. 7.18 . l 1 Cor. 13.9 . m Philip. 3.12 . n Prov. 21.9 . Consider . 2. o Maxima pars eorum quae scimus , est minima eorum quae ignoramꝰ . Aug. p Ephes. 4.22 . — ut lubricus serpens Exuit in spinis vestem . Lucret. de rer . Nat. lib. 4. * Genes . 41.14 . q Hebr. 12.1 . r Rom. 6.7 . s 2 Cor. 3.18 . & 4.16 . t Ps●lm . 19.13 . & 119.133 . Rom. 6.12 14. Tit. 3.3 . u Rom. 6.17 . x Rom. 7.17 , 20. y Habitat ; sed non regnat : manet ; sed non dominatur aut praevalet : Evulsum quodammodo , necdum tam●n expulsum ; dejectum , sed non prorsus eject●m tamen . Bern. in Psa. 90. s●rm . 10. Eradicari siquidem aut extirpari penitus è cordibꝰ nostris malitia non potest . Idem de Temp. 45. z 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Proclus apud Epiphan . haeres . 64. a Rom. 7.19 , 20 , 21 , 23. b Levit. 14.36 . — 45. c Hagg. 2.15 . d Tinguntur soli● radij , eorumque trahunt similitudinem , in quorum or●m sube●●do venere . Plin. hist. Nat. lib. 2. cap. 18. Si de ●is divinitus districtè discuti●●r , quis inter ●●c remanet salu●●● locus● quando et ●ala nostra pura m●la sunt , & bon●qu● 〈◊〉 ●abere cr●dimus , p●ra 〈◊〉 essen●●●quam 〈◊〉 . Greg. 〈◊〉 . lib. 35. cap 26. 〈…〉 corruptionis astringi●●r , qua●libet 〈◊〉 operibus insudemus , verā m●diti●● nequaquam appr●●endimus , sed imitamur . Ibid. l. 9. c. 28. f Ipsa et virtutum gaudi● vulnus habe●t . Prosper . in sentent . g Terret me vita 〈◊〉 . Na●que diligenter discussa apparet mihi aut peccatum , aut sterilitas ferè tota . Quod si quid fructus in ea videtur , sic est aut simulatum , aut imperfectum , aut aliquo modo corruptum , ut possit aut non placere , aut displicere Deo. Anselm . de miser . homin . h Sed quid potest esse omnis justitia nostra c●ram Deo ? Nonne juxta Prophet●● , velut pannus menstruatae reputabitur ? Et si districtè judicetur , injust● invenietur 〈◊〉 justitia nostra , & minus habens . Bern. de Temp. 94. i Esai . 64.6 . k Nostra justitia , ●iqu● est , humilis justitia , recta f●rsitan , sed non p●ra . Nisi fortè meliores nos esse credimus paetribus nostris qui nō minus ver●citer quam humiliter aiebant , omnes justitiae nostrae , &c. Bern. de Verb. Esai . 5. Sic etiam explicant , hu● applicant saltem verba illa Prophetae Orig. in Rom. c. 3. Hieron . in Esai . c. 64. Aug. nom . soliloq . c. 28. Bern. in dedic . Eccles. 5. Ex Pontificij● Hugo Cardinal . in Iob 9. Albert. Mag. in Miss . d. 3. tr . 2. cap. 5. Perald . Sum. tom . 2. tr . 6. Par. 3. cap. 3. Pigh . Controv. de Fid. & Iustif. Ferus in Ioan. cap. 3. & Matth. cap. 12. Quod delet Index Expurg . Hisp. l Sciunt Sancti , quia omnis justitia humana in●ustiti● esse deprebenditur , si divinitus districtè judicetur . Greg. Mor. l. 21. c. 15. m In●ust● justitia . Bern. supra . n Quid ergò de peccatis erit , quando ne ipsa pro se poterit respondere justitia ? Bern. ibid. o Matth. 6.23 . Consider . 3. p Luk. 17.10 . q Sed hoc , inquies , propter humilitatem monuit esse dicendum . Planè propter humilitatē . Sed nūquid contra veritatem ? Bern. de Divers . 17. Nam quod Chrysost. in Ozian . ho. 3. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 : nihil huic repugnat sententiae ; cum & ipse alibi fateatur ; 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . In Mat. hom . 3. .i. non tam humilitas iderat quam sanum judicium : vti vertit Bern. Brix . ad p●p . Ant. hom . 38. r Iob 22.2 , 3. s Iob 35.7 . Iustitia nostra Deus non indiget . Totumque quod rectè colitur Deus ab homine , prodest homini non Deo. Neque enim fentise quisquam dixerit profuisse quod biberit , aut luci , si viderit . Aug. de Civit. lib. 10. cap. 5. t Iob 35.6 . Sed quae flagitia in te , qui non corrumperis ? aut quae adversus te facinora , cui noceri non potest ? Sed hoc vindicas , quod in sese homines perpetrant ; qui cum in te peccant , impiè agunt in animas suas . Jdem Consess . l. 4. c. 8. u Psal. 16.2 . Nec ille collat● eget , nec nos ei quicquam conferre possumus . Sen. de benef . l. 4. c. 9. Nec eget bonis , nec timet à malis . August . in Psal. 80. x Ideò Deus meus , quia bonorum meorum non indige● . Omne enim bonum nostrum aut ipse est , aut ab ipso . Aug. epist. 5. & de doctr . Christ. l. 1. c. 31. y Nos cum te am●mus , à te ad te afficimur , qui possumus misero aliquo mod● ess● & non amare te , hoc est , esse & male esse . Tibi autem qui semper idem es , nihil accedi● si amando proficimus ad te , nihil decedit , si non amando deficimus à te . Guilel● . à S. Theod●ric . de amor . Dei , c. 8. quod Bernardo perperam tribuitur . z Nec crescit Deꝰ , acc●dente 〈…〉 decrescit d●cedente te . Aug. in Psalm . 145. Si fueri● fine D●o , min●● eris : Si fueri●tum ▪ Deo , major Deus non erit . Non ex te ille major : sed tu fine illo minor . Reficieris , si accesseris : deficies , si recesseris . Integ●r m●●et te a●●edente ; integ●r manet & te cadente . Idem in Ioan. 11. Non erit major , si placet tibi ; sed tu min●r eris , si d●pli●et tibi . Ib. 18. Ground . 2. Consider . 2. a Psal. 8.3 . b 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Basil. Sel. hom , in Transfig . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Isid. Pel. l. 1. epist. 2 57. Sol reliqu● sidera occu●tat ; quibus & lumen suum foenerat . Plin. hist. Nat. lib. 2. cap. 6. Minuta lumina claritas Solis obscurat . Sen. epist. 67. Sic cum Sole perit sidericus d●cor . Idem Medea . Per diem fulgorem Lunae Stellarumque omnium Sol exortus abscondi● . Ambros Hexam . lib. 4. cap. 3. Simulque ut Sol ortus ●ui sign● praemiserit , omnes Stellarum ignes sub u●ius luminaris fulg●re vanescunt . Ibidem cap. 6. Clara latent sub Sole co●us●o Sidera . Dracont . Hexam . Et , Hujus ab aspectu ●anguescunt . Jbid. Inde Sol dictus , qua●●solus ●it . Cic. de Nat ▪ Deor. l. 3. Quia postq●●m exortus est , reliquis obscuratis sideribus solus app●●et . Cass●●d . in Psalm . 103. Iul. Firmic . de Error . Gent. Isid. Origin . lib. 3. cap. 70. Verum Sol potius à Graeco 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Bibliand . de rat . ling. lib. 3. cap. 2. Priscis enim Sel dicebatur , ut & Apello , Hemo , ●elus . Auson . Popma de antiq . loc . l. 1. c. 1. & Meurs . animadv . l. 3. c. 8. d Apoc. 1.20 . e Act. 7.2 . f 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Plut. praecept . conjug . g Iam. 1.17 . h Psal. 36.9 . i Nusquam se melius deprehendit modus imperf●ctionis human● , quam in sp●culo visi●nis divin● . Bern●r . ad fratr . de Mont. Dei. k 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Greg. Naz. de Sasim . epifc . Sivel terram despici●●us medio die , vel intuemur quae aspectu● nostro circum circ● patent , validissim● persp●cacissimaque acie videmur nobis praediti : at vbi in S●lem suspicimus atque arr●ctis oculis contemplamur , vis illa qu● egregiè in terra val●b●t , ●āto fulgore protinus consiringitur & confunditu● , ut fateri cogamur , illud nostrum in considerandis terrenis acumen , ubi ad S●lem ventum est , mera● esse ●●b●tudinem . Idem in reputandis nobis contingit , &c. Calvin . Institut . lib. 1. cap. 1. l Dan. 10.7 , 8 , 11 , 16 , 17. Luk. 1.12 . Act. 10. ● . m Malac. 4.2 . n Psal. 8.3 . & 74.16 . o Esai . 24.23 . p Esai . 6.5 . q 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Chrysost. in Esai . cap. 6. r 1 King. 19.17 . s Ier. 36.19 . Act. 10.33 . Eccles. 5.2 . t Psal. 16.8 . u Psa. 27.4 . et 42.2 . x Luk. 5.8 . y Iob 42.5 , 6. z Gen. 2.7 . & 3.19 . & 18.27 . Sirac . 10.9 . * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Pythag. apud ▪ Plut. de Superstit . & de defect . o●ac . Vse 1. a Humilis venit . Z●ch . 9 9. Mat. 21.5 . humilitatem docere venit . Matth. 11.29 . August . in Ioan. 25. Discite à me , inquit . Quid discimus à te ? nescio quid magnum à magno artific● . Nunquid ut eadem cum illo faciamus ? Qui potest , quae solus Deus facit ? Hoc disce à me ▪ quod factus sum pro te . Quid prodest , si miracula facis , & humilis non sis ? Idem hom . 34. Nolo à me discatis , sacere quae feci ; sed quod factus quifeci , ne p●rirent quae feci . Idem de verb. Ap. 12. b Iob. 13.34 , 35. c Quo modo de Fide Basil. apud Greg. Naz. in Epitaph . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Et de Charitate & Pa●e , Chrysost. in Hebr. hom . 31. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . d Pulvis & cinis . Gen. 18.17 . e Vermis , non Vir. Psal. 22.6 . f Iumentum , non hom● . Prov. 30.2 . g Psal. 73.22 . h Minimus Sanctorum . Ephes. 3.8 . i Minimus Apostolorum . 1 Cor. 15.9 . Sic de se Ambr. de Poenit. l. 2. c. 8. Minimus Episcoporum omnium , & infirmus merito . k Primus peccatorū . 1 Tim. 1.15 . l Primus , quo nullus prior . Gerson , consol . Theolog. imò , quo nullus pejor . Aug. de verb. Ap. 9. & 10. Nec hoc dixit mentiendi praecipitatione , sed aestimandi affectione . Qui enim perfectè examinando s●metipsum intelligit , suo peccato nullius peccatum par esse existimat , quod non sicut suum intelligat . Bern. ad Fratr . de Mont. Dei. m Rom. 12.10 . Phil. 2.3 . n Hebr. 5.4 . o Matth. 11.29 . Col. 3.12 , 13. p Rom. 8.14 . q Matth. 23.6 , 7. Mar. 12.38.39 . r Luk. 11.43 . & 20.46 . s Qui dum in se singulariter exul●ant , alijs arroganter insult●nt . Bern. de Grad . humil . t Non sum sicut cateri , non sicut is●● . Luk. 18. ●1 . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Basil. Sel. 〈◊〉 . 34. u Vbi timor , nullus tu●●r . Ber. in Cant. ●3 . Quid est enim ti●●re nisi non ●●mere ? Gilbert . in Cant. 19. x 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Chrysost. tom . 6. Orat. 83. Quanto quis humilior in se fuerit , tant● in Dei co●spectu maj●r erit . Superbus verò quo glori●sior inter homines fu●rit , eo apud Deum despectior eri● . Aug. de Temp. 213. & Greg. M●ral . l. 8. c. 22. y Prov. 6.16 , 17. & 8.13 ▪ & 16.5 . Exosa semper est Deo superbia . Cassiod . Var. l. 3. epist. 3. a Psal. 138.6 . b Vide●e magnum miraculum : Alius est Deus ; erigiste , & fugit à te : inclinas te , & descendit ad te . Humilia de proximo respicit , ut attollat : superba de longe cognoscit , ut deprimat . Aug. de Temp. 175. Fulgent . de Ascens . S●d & eadem fere . Aug. in Psa. 74. & de divers . 36. & de Tēp . 213. & in Ioan. 10. & 15. Vis tib● propinquet ? humiliate . Nam tanto erit à te altior , quanto tu elatior . Idem in Psal. ●37 . Nescio quo pacto ●amiliarius semper humilitati propinquare solet divinitas . Ber. ep . 42. c Luk. 18.11 , 13. d Pharisaeus contempsit de longinquo stantē , cui Deus confitenti propinquabat . Pharisaeus de propinquo stabat ; sed Deus ad illum de propinquo non stabat . Publicanus de longinquo stabat : sed Deus ad illum de long ▪ non stabat . August in Psalm . 31. Publ. de long . stabat , & Deo tamen propinquabat . Publ. de long . stabat : sed Dominus illum de prop●nquo attendeba● . Idem de verb. Dom. 36. e Luk. 18.14 . Ille laudabilior , qui humilior , & j●stior , qui d●jectior . Ambr. de poenit . l. 2. c. ●0 ▪ 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Basil. Sel. hom . 34. f Psal. 34.18 . g Esai . 57.15 . Quid miramur magnum in augusto habitare ? magis in minimis habitat . Ideò altus habitat in humili , ut exaltet humilem . Aug. de divers . 36. h Iam. 4 ▪ 6. 1 Pet 5.5 . i Patet ex antithes● Prov. 3.34 , 35. unde Apostoli sumpserunt . Videantur Mercer . & Piscat . in Prov. sed & omnium plenissime reverendus socer meus Carol. Pi●●er serm . in 1 Pet. 2.17 . k Excelsa siccantur : depressarigantur . Aug. de verb. Ap. 2. & Bern. de Temp. 47. l Luk. ● . 53 . m 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Greg. Naz. de Eutax . Non est periculum quantumcunque te humilies , quantumcunque reputes minorē quàm ●is . Est autem grande malum , horrendumque periculū , si vel modico pli●● vero te ext●llas ▪ Bern. in Cant. 23. n Quemadmodum enim si per ostium transeas , cujus superliminare ni●iū bass●m sit , non nocet quantumcūque te inclinaveris ; nocet ●●tē si vel transversi digiti spatio plu● quam ostij patitur mensura ●rex●ri● , ita ut impingas & capite qu●ssato collidaris . Sic in anima nō est planè timenda quantalibet humiliatio ; ●orrenda a●tē nimiumque pavenda v●l m●●ima temerè praesumpta erectio . Bern. ibid. Humilis est janna Christus Dominus . Qui intrat per ha●c ja●●am , humiliet se ●portet , ut 〈◊〉 capite intrare contingat . August . in Ioan. 44. Vses 2. o Micha 6.6 , 7 , 8. Orandi disciplina repr●batrix superbiae , justificatrix humilitatis ; Deum docet ●rare in humilitate , ut allevatorem humilium , non in superbia , ut destructorem superborum . Tertul. in Marc. lib. 4. p Eccles. 5.1 , 2. q Esai . 58.2 , 3. Praesumpti● enim arroganti propior est 〈◊〉 ●●ganti . Ambros. de Poeniten . lib. 2. cap. 8. r Est trepida , est tepida , est temeraria oratio . Bern. de Temp. 43. Terr●r , tep●r , 〈◊〉 . Gilbert . in Cant. 33. s Trepida nec procedit quidem , nedum ascendit . t Tepida procedit , sed in ascen●u languescit & deficit . u Iam. 5.16 . x Temeraria ascendit , sed resil●● : n●c tantum non obtinet gratiam , s●d meretur offensam . Bern. ibid. y 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Basil. Sel. hom . 34. Velut dignus , qui cum Deo cominus colloqueretur . Erasin . Paraphr● . z Luk. 18.10 . a Non inveni●bat quod peteret . Gilb. in Cant. 33. Gratias , inquit , ago , quod nihil pe●cavi : Non habeo quod ignos●as . Optat. contr . Parmen . l. 2. Aut sui oblitum , aut à culpis ablutum dicas . Bern. de Grad . humil . b Psal. 50.14 , 23. c 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Basil. Sel. ubi sup . d 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , &c. Idem ibid. Purae ●●tae Pont●ficiorum Votariorum ampullae : Quibus optimè quadr●nt & Chrysost. illa de Compunct . 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . e Esai . 38.3 . f Neh. 13.14 , 31. g Iob 10.7 . & 23.10 , 11 , 12. h Psal. 44.17 , 18 , 20. i 1 Tim. 3.15 . k Plurimum interest inter barbaricā immanitatem , affe●t●sque impotentes , qui faciant ut vel mortem impavidi perserant ; & Martyrum modestissimā constantia● in se i●becillem , in Christo ●ortem . Cypriani nomine de duplic . martyr . l Scilicet contemptum mortis in multis videas . Sed placidum illud , 〈◊〉 mās●etum , illud humil●ter sublime , & sublimiter humile nisi in Christi Martyribus non videmus . Ibid. Magnitudo cum mansuetudine . Sen. epist. m Psal. 7.3 , 4 , 8. & 17.3 . & 26.1 , 2 , 3. n Psal. 26.8 , 9. & 27.7 , 8 , 9. o Eccles. 5.1 , 2. p Gen. 27.12 . q Omnino siquidé oportet nos orationis tempore curiam intrare coelestem , in qua Rex regū stellato s●de● solio , circundante innumerabili & ineffabili beatorum spirituū exerci●u . Quanta ergò cum reverentia , quanto timore , quanta illuc humilitate accedere debet è palude sua procedens & repens vilis ranuncula ? Bern. de divers . 25. Vse 3. r Legatur Chrysost. in Matth. hom . 3. & hom . 25. & tom . 8. Serm. 16. s Luk. 7.4 . t Apoc. 4.11 . u Quo modo Bellarm . ratiocinatur de Poenit. l. 2. c. 8. Si opera justorum eam vim habent , ut vitam aeternam verè & propriè mereantur ; nullo modo negari potest , quin etiam efficacia esse possint ad satufaciendū pro reat● poenae temporalis : Siquidem longè majus est gloria aeterna , quam poenae tēporalis remissio . Absurdum ergò quod Th●m . sum . par . 1 a. 2 ae q. 114. a. 3. e. 10. Vitam aeternam sub merito cadere ; bona temporalia non cadere . x Psal. 115.1 . 1 Cor. 15.10 . y Worthy of the Crowne ; worthie of the Kingdom ; worthie of Heaven ; worthie of Salvation ; worthie of God himselfe ; as meriting and deserving all this Rhemists on 2 Thess. 1.5 . & Apoc . 3.4 . a Iob 1.1 . b Iob 1.8 . & 2.3 . c 1 Ioh. 5.9 . 2 Cor. 10.18 . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Chrysost. de Compunct . 2. d Post tam magnū de illius justitia Dei testimonium , quid de se ipse ? Aug. de Pec. Mer. & Rem . l. 2. c. 10. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , ( Iob 31. ) 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . ( Iob 9.15 . ) Chrysost. ubi supra . Degrees 4. Degree 1. e Iob 9.2 . f Hebr. Q●om●dò justificabi● se ●o●o cum 〈◊〉 . Quomodo 〈◊〉 invenietur , s● cum De● 〈◊〉 ▪ Vatabl. Q●●●quam potest etiam exponi , cum Deo .i. apud Deum , vel , coram 〈◊〉 ut Psalm . ●43 . ● . Et sic Aug. ubi supr● ▪ Ante deum . g Iob justitiae Dei comparatione hominis justitia●● nullam esse d●clar●t . Annot. in Vatabl ▪ ●ibl ▪ h Cujus participatione justi sunt , ejus comparatione n●c justi sunt . August . ●mtr . Priscil . & Orig●n . c. 10. ex Iob 4.18 . unde scitè Hug. C●●d . ex Greg. Moral . l. 9. c. 1. Homo Deo suppositus justitiam percipit , compositus amittit . 1 Sam. 2.2 . i Iob 9.3 . Degree 2. * Iob 31. per totū . k Sanctus vir omne virtutis meritū esse vitium conspicit , si ab interno arbitro districtè judicetur . Greg. Moral . l. 9. c. 1. l Qui de perfectione se erigit , habere s● benè vivendi nec initium indicat . Idem ibid. Cum itaque de bonae vitae perfectione extollimur , hanc nos nec inchoasse mons●ramus . Jbid. m Iob 9.20 . n Os meum . i. conscientia mea . Hugo Car● . Degree 4. o Iob 9.21 . p 1 Cor. 4.4 . q Nihil mihi conscius sum infidelis dispensationis , Cajetan . Nullius malae fidei aut negligentiae in fungendo Apostolatu , Piscat . r 2 Cor. 1.12 . *. Quan●ūlibet rectus mihi videor , producis tu de Thesauro tuo regulam ; coaptas me ad eam , et pravus invenior , Aug. in Psal. 142. s Psal. 19 . 1● . t Ierem. 17.9 . u Galat. 6.3 . Jam. 1.26 . y S●pe ipsa justitia nostra ad examen divin● justiti● deducta injustitia est : & sordet in districtione judicis , quod in aestimatione fulget operantis . Greg. Moral . l. 5. c. 7. a Tanta est profunditas in homine , ut lateat ipsum hominem in quo est : sed Dominum latere nō potest . Ier. 17.9.10 . Herv . in 1 Cor. 4. b 1 Iohn 3.20 . Quantum possunt homines de alio judicare , plus homo utique de se. Sed Deus plus de ●omine , quam hom● de se. Herv . ibid. c Ille magis novit me , qui est scrutator cordis mei . Philip. in Iob 9. d Iob 9.2 , 20 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31. e Tria sunt judi●ia , humanum , propriū , divinum , de exterioribus quae sensui patent , judicat humanum : de interioribus etiam hominis ipsius spiritus ; sed longè praestantius D●us ; cujus nondū fatetur Ap. evasisse judicium , qui t●men jam humanum transcēdisset et proprium : porro humanum contemnebat , nec proprium timebat , divinum tantùm restabat . Bern. de divers . 32. Vide Thom. Aquin. in Iob 9. Lect. 3. & Greg. Mor. l. 5. c. 7. f Hebr. 4.12 . g Act. 1.24 . et 15.9 . h Psalm . 33.15 . i Gal. 6.7 . Ier. 17.9 , 10. k Iob 9.15 . l Petendo justiti● . m Petendo misericordiam , Lyra. n Confidens in meritis meis . o Plus cōfidens in ejus misericordia , quā in meritis meis , Hugo Card. Degree 4. p Quoniam misericordia nobis necessaria est , August . in Iob 9. q Vt saepè dixi●●● , Omnis humana justitia injustitia esse convincitur , si d●stricte judicetur , Greg. Moral . lib. 9. cap. 14. r Prece igitur post justitiam indiget , ut quae succumbere discussa poterat , ex sola judicis pictate convalescat , Gregor . ibid. s Velut si apertius fateatur dicens ; Etsi ad opus virtutis excrevero , ad vitam non ex meritis , sed ex venia convalesco . Idem ibidem . t Preci itaque innitendum est , cum recta agimus , ut omne quod justè vivim● , ex humilitate condiamus . Ibid. * Nam & ipsa venena inferūtur medicamentis . Isidor . Orig. lib. 12. cap. 4. a Calvinus docet nullam in proprijs meritis fiduciam esse locandam . Institut . l. 3. c. 12. §. 3 , 4. b Nos aliquam etiam in meritis poni posse docemus . Bellar . de Iustif. l. 5. c. 7. c Aliud est fiduciā nasci ex meritis : aliud in meritis ponēdam . Bellar. ibid. d In bonis meritis , quae verè talia esse compertum sit , fiducia aliqua collocari potest , modò superbia ca●●atur . Ib. e Deus , qui conspicis , qui● in nulla nostra actione confidimus . Collect. in Sexages . f Vtilissimū est coram Deo non justitiā praetendere , sed misericordiam postulare , Bern. ep . 41. g Propter periculum inanis gloriae , et incertitudinem justitiae nostrae ; Tutissimum est fiduciam totam in sola Dei misericordia & benignitate reponere , Bellar. de Iustis . lib. 5. c. 7. h Non sic vixi , ut me pudeat inter vos vivere : nec mori timeo , quia bonum Dominū habemus , Paulin. in vit . Am. i Ne crederetur praefidens de suis purgatissimis moribus praesumere , Possidon . in vit . Aug. k Ad existimatione hominum magna testium , qui me noverunt , suppetit copia : ad Dei verò cōspectum sola conscientia ; quam contra vestras criminationes cum intrepidā geram , non me tamen sub oculis omnipotentis justificare audeo ; magisque ab illo effluentē misericordiae largitatem , quam judicis summum examē expecto , Aug. contra Cres●●n . l. 3. c. 80. l Praetendat alter meritum ; sustinere se jactet pondus diei & ●stus . Mihi ad●●rere Deo bonū est , ponere in Domin● Deo spem meam . Bern. in Psal. 90. Serm. 9. m Matth. 20.12 . n Psal. 73. ●8 . o Orate Salvatore , u● tempesti●um 〈◊〉 e●itum nō differat , sed custodiat . Curate munire vobis calcancum nudum meritis , Bern. epist. 310. p Vbi B. Bern. ex cōscientia bonae vitae ●●●at non differri diutius m●rtem . Et tamen adeò non 〈…〉 meritis , 〈◊〉 existimar●● 〈…〉 esse meri●●● . B●llar . de Iustific . l. 5. c 7. q C●m extremum 〈…〉 spiritū videretur , Gulielm . in vit . Ber. l. 1. c. 13. F●t●or , non sum dignus ego , 〈◊〉 pos●●m propri●● meritis regnum obtinere c●lor●m . Ca●●rum Dominus meus dup●●ri jure illud 〈◊〉 , h●redi●ate P●tris & merit● passionis , a●●er● ipse 〈◊〉 , alterū mihi don●● . ●er . ib. * Credis & sper●● venire ad salutem aeternam non tuis meritis sed Christi ? Dicat , Sic. Ansel. ut refertur in Tract . de Arte moriendi Impress . Bisuntij , Anno 1488. s In sola Christi morte te totum contege : huic morti te involve . Et si Dominus Deus te voluerit judicare , dic , Domine , morsē Domini mei Iesu Christi objicio inter te et me & judiciū tuū ; aliter tecum non cōtendo . Si dixerit , quod mereris damnationem , dic , Mortem D. mei I.C. objicio inter te & me et mala merita mea : ipsumque dignissi●● passionis meritū offero pro merito , quod ego habere debuissem , & ( ●eu ) non habeo . Ibid. * Ita me gravatum propriae actionis ●od●re invenio , ut nulla romaneat spes saluti● , nisi de sola misericordia Christi , Greg. PP . 7. in epist. ad Hug. Clunia● . apud Baron . tom . 11. An. 1075. num . 7. t Index Expurg . H●span . In libro qui inscribitur , Ordo baptizandi : Deleantur illa verba ; Credis non ▪ proprijs meritis , sed Domini Christi virtute & merito ad gloriam pervenire ? Index Belg. ex Iac. Fabr. in Rom. 4. dele ; Tu , si sapis , neque in fide , neque in operibus , sed in Deo confide . Et ex Comment . in Gal. 3. Qui confidit in operibus in seipso confidit , & ●aculo nititur ●rundineo . Et ex Comment . in Ephes. 1. Quid igitur laudabimu● ? Nūquid nos , aut opera nostra , &c. Nequaquam . u In dubijs & ambiguis via tutior eligenda est : Clemens 3. in Decretal . lib. 5. tit . 12. cap. 12. Gerson in Reg. Mor. Martin . Navar. Enchirid. cap. 27. §. 284. x Non possunt homines in hac vita habere certitudinem fidei de su● justitia , nisi ex speciali revelatione . Bellarmin . de Iustificat . lib. 3. cap. 3. Nemo absque revelatione certò scire potest , se habere vera merita . Ibid. cap. 5. Hoc scire impossibile est , nisi ads●● revelatio . Ibidem cap. 8. y Psal. ●7 . 40 . z Salvabi● eo● . quare ? quibus mer●t● ? Audi quod sequitur ; Quia sper●ver●nti● eo . D●l●is causa ; attamen ●fficax ; attamen irrefr●●gab l●s . Nim●ū●ae● est j●stitia , sed quae ex ●ide est , non ex lege , Bern. in Psalm . 90. Serm. 9. H●nc & A●gust . de verb. Ap. 7. M ▪ s●r●re mei . Quare ? Quia virtut●m habeo , qua te promerear ? quia voluntatis arbi●rium gero , unde gr●tiam tuam meritum m●ū praecedat ? Nō : quoniam in te speravit anima mea . Psalm . 57.1 . a Hoc totū est hominis meritum , si totam spem pona● in eo , qui totum hominem salvum fecit . Bern. Idem ibid. Serm. 15. b Haec est vera hominis fiducia , à se de●icientis , & innitētis Domino suo ; ut non nisi in sola Dei misericordia respiret . Idem de temp . 50. c Non est quod quaeras , quibus meritis sp●remus bona . Sufficit ad meritum scire , quod merita non sufficiant . Idem in Cant. 68. d Meritum meum miseratio Domini . Ibid. ser. 61. e Etsi mihi meritum deest , sed non illi miseratio . Ibid. ser. 14. f Non sum plan● meriti in●ps , quamdi● ille miserationum non fuerit . Quodsi misericordiae Domini multae , multus nihilominus ●go in meritis sum . Ibid. ser. 61. g Propter justitiae incertitudinem . Bellarm. ubi sup . h Quia multi falluntur , dum putāt se habere quod non habent . Idem de Iustific . l. 3. c. 8. i Propter periculū inanis gloriae ▪ Idem ubi sup . k Stultum & periculosum est suis quēquam confidere meritis , Bern. de Divers . 32. Periculosa habitatio eorum , qui in meritis suis sperāt ; periculosa quia ruinosa . Idem in Psal. 90. Serm. 1. l Discamus de nostra o●●inò industria , magis autem de nostris diffidere meritis , Bern. de Temp. 75. Nam si●i quidem ipsi fidere , non fidei , sed perfidiae est : nec confidentiae , sed diffidentiae magi● in semetips● hab●●e fiduciā . ●s v●rè fidelis ●st , qui 〈…〉 Id quod sola facit humilitas cordis , ut ●on sibi ●ideli● anima i●●itatur , sed des●r●ns semet ipsam , & super dilectum innix● ascendat de deserto , Idem de Temp. 16. * De Pharisaeo Chrysost. t●m . 8. Se● . 14. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . † Ego prorsus ●xistim●●i● & Christian● 〈◊〉 , quod 〈…〉 , unquam restabili quae sustentatu● , justitia Christi nobi● 〈…〉 & gratia 〈…〉 . Co●taren . 〈…〉 Justific . † Summo consensu veteres omnes trad●nt , fiduciam remissionis peccatorū etiā corum quae post regeneration●m admittuntur ; & sp● veniae & vitae eternae , in sola Dei misericordia & merito Christiess● coll●candam , Cassa●d ▪ Consult . art . 6. “ Non in fletibus & actibus nostris , sed in Advocati nostri allegatione confidimus , Greg. in Ezech. hom . 1. † Sunt merita nostra veluti baculus arundineus ; cui dū quis innixus fuerit , confringitur , et perforat ●anum innitentis , Adrian . de Traject . in 4. Sent. * Bain . spirit . Armor . † Esai . 36.6 . “ 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ▪ Plu. Apophth . m Octavum Philippi Mendacium . In art . 20. Confess . Iubēt Catholici Doctores mereri remissionem peccatorum operibus , Bellar. in Indic . de Libr. Concord . n Andr. Vega l. 13. in Concil . Trident. c. 36. contendit , satis●ieri pro culpa . Bellar . de poenit . l. 4. c. 1. o Docet Rua●d . Tapper . insignis Theologus in explic . art . 6. Lovan . posse hominem satisfacere Deo pro culpa & poena aeterna per actus quosdam , &c. Bellarm . ibid. p Nos Concil . Trid. Sess. 6. c. 14. & Sess. 14. c. 13. sequentes , Per opera poenalia verè ac propriè Domino satisfieri pro reatu poenae , qui post culpā dimissam remanet expiandus . Idem ibid. l. 4. c. 7. q Id est , pro poena sensus , ut Cajetan . rectè de Cōtrit . q. 4. quam in Gehenna pati debuisset peccator , remota solum aeternitate . Ib. c. 1. r Prov. 16.6 . Dan. 4.24 . s Nam redimendi verbum n●utrobique reperitur . t Vise Iun. in utrumque : Et Baium infra . u Bellar. ibid. l. 4. c. 8. x Idem ibid. l. 2. c. 12. & l. 4. c. 8. a Apertissimè agnoscit satisfactionem condignā esse debere , & eam proportionem cum peccato exigere , ut verè per eam offensio compensetur , de Poenit. l. 4. c. 9. b Vt injuria Deo facta compensetur , & divinae justitiae sat●s●iat , Ibid. c Accedente gratia verè possumus aliquo modo ex operibus proprijs Deo indebitis , et ad aequalitatem , ac per hoc justè et ex condigno satisfacere , Ib. c. 7. d Quia quatenus à spiritu procedūt , habent quandam infinitatem , ac per hoc aequalitatem cum injuria , qua Deum peccando afficiebamus , Ibid. e Vel sunt duae satisfactiones simul junctae , una Christi , altera nostra ; vel una tātum . Si duae , ergo bis punitur eadem culpa . Si una tantum , vel illa est Christi , & tunc nos non satisfacimus ; vel nostra , & tunc excluditur Christus ; aut verè di●idemus cum Christo honorē , nam ille s●lvet pro culpa , nos pro poena , Bellar. de Purgat . l. 1. c. 14. f Quidam asserunt esse unam tantum , & illā Christi esse ; ac nos propriè non satisfacere , sed solum facere aliquid , cujus intuitu Deus applicat nobis Christi satisfactionem . Ita Michael Baius de Indulg . cap. ult . g Quod est dicere , Nostra opera non esse nisi conditiones , sine quibus non applicaretur nobis Christi satisfactio , vel ad summum , esse dispositiones . h Quae sentētia erronea mihi videtur , Bellarm. ibid. i Alij dicunt quod sunt duae , sed una ab altera dependens . k Nam etiāsi una sufficiat , tamen ad majorem gloriam Dei , cui satis fit , & majorem honorem hominis satisfacientis , placuit Christo conjungere nostram . l Qui modus non videtur mihi improbabilis , Bel. ibid. m Tertius modus videtur probabilior ; quod una tantū sit actualis satisfactio , et ea sit nostra , Bellar. ibid. n Et tunc Christus excluditur . o Non erit absurdū si Sancti viri Redemptores nostri esse dicantur , cum aliquo modo passionibus suis delicta nostra possint redimere . Bellarm. de Indulg . l. 1. c. 4. p Homo sui ipsius Redemptor & Salvator appellatur : nec propterea ulla fit Christo injuria . Idem de Purgat . lib. 1. cap. 14. q Condignè satisfacit . Ibid. cap. 13. r Non id habet Catholica doctrina ut operibus illis , quae fiunt sine fide & auxilio Dei gratuito mereri possint homines remissionem peccatorum . Bellar. in Jndic . de lib. Cōcord . Mendac . 8. s Huc accedit , quod istis etiam operibus , quae fiunt ex fide et auxilio Dei , non tale tribuimus meritum , ut ei respōdeat ex justitia merces ; sed meritum solum impetrationis , ut Augustinus loquitur , quod Scholastici meritum de congruo , non de cōdigno nominare solent . Bellar. ibid. t Neque in hoc ulla est inter Catholicos differentia , ibid. u Ita Hieron . in Hosh. 4.14 . Grandis offensa , postquā peccaveris , irā Dei non mereri . Christi esse meruisti . Collatio Carth. cognit . 1. art . 8. Proponant , qui ista elicere meruerunt . Ibid. cognit . 3. art . 16. Quis supplicavit , quis legem meruit ? Quis judicium postulavit ? Et Sedul . & alius nescio quis Hieron . nomine in Rom. 4. Magna beatitudo est sine labore legis & poenitentiae , Domini gratiam sola fide promereri ; sicut siquis aliquam dignitatem gratis accipiat . x Pacem sub hac lege meruit , ut captivos nostros redderet . Ammian . hist. lib. 17. Pacem quam ipse meruit , ei quoque debere proficere , Ibid. y Augustinus explicat quomodo fides mereatur , cum dicit eam impetrare remissionem peccatorum . Bellar. de Iustif. lib. 1. cap. 21. Sed & Bellarm. ipse ibid. l●b . 5. cap. 2. exponit illud Vulg. versionis Hebr. 13.16 . Talibus hostijs Deus promeretur , i. ut Oecumenius , placetur Deo. z Qu●dsi aliquis veterum vocabulo promerendi usus est , non aliter intellexit , quam consecutionem de facto . Stapleton . prompt . Fer. 5. post Passion . Dominic . Videatur Vega infra . a Multum interest inter meritum & impetrationem , Bel. de Bon. oper . in particul . l. 1. c 9. b Jmpetramus etiam quae non meremur . Tho. sum par . 1 a. 2 ae . q. 114. a. 9. A man may impetrate , and not deserve : & a man may deserve and not impetrate , Anonymꝰ Author cōtra Bellij Ruinam Papismi . Meritum enim innititur justitiae ; & non potest Deꝰ homini negare quod meruit , &c. Sed impetrare est liberalitatis divinae : si det , est gratiae ; si non det , non potest ●rgui injustitiae . Adrian . quod lib. q 8. c Veniam Arbitione precante meruerunt . Ammian . hist. l. 15. Quia Dei filium Iudea contempsit , Gentilitas promeruit . Greg. in 1 Reg. 2. Maria sola ma●er Domini fieri meruit . Eusebij Emiss . nomine in Dominic . 4. Advent . Pare●e meruit eum , quem constat nullum habtisse peccatum . August . de Nat. & Grat. cap. 36. Ipsum Deum homin●m factum & concipere & parere , non humanis meritis , sed concepti nascentisque ex ea summi Dei dignatione promeruit . Fulgent . de Grat. & Incarn . cap. 7. Laetiores interim quod virgas evaserint , quàm quod meruerint principatum , Bernardus De pueris ad praelaturam promotis , Epist. 42. Itaque ingenuè Vega de Justificat . lib. 8. cap. 8. agnoscit , usurpari apud Patres nomen Meriti , ubi nulla est ratio Meriti , neque de congruo , neque de condigno . d Miles Gallicanis sudoribus nec donatioum meruit , nec stipendium . Ammian . histor . lib. 17. e Sol●n● meritum appellare quemlibet actum bonum , ratione cujus aliquid aliud accipimus : ut ex Augustin● perspicu● patet , Bellarm. de Grat. & lib. Arb. lib. 1. cap. 14. f Mercedem quandam esse dicimus , quae magis debetur ex gratia , quam ex justitia ; sive quae imputetur sec. gratiam , & non sec. debitum ▪ Idem de Iustific . lib. 1. cap. 21. g Si propriè appellentur ea quae dicimus merita nostra , spei quaedam sunt seminaria , charitatis incentiva , occultae pr●destinationis indicia , futurae glorificationis praes●gia , via regni , non causa regnandi , Bern. de Grat. & lib. arb . * Quod nos dicimus mereri , Graeci dicun● 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Bellarm. de Iustifi● . l. 5. c. 2. “ 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . i. dignum esse . Idē ibid. † 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Schol. Thucyd . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Suid ▪ 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Schol. Sophocl . “ Non ait , ut digni sitis , s●d ut digni habeamini , Cajetan . in 2 Thess. 1.5 . * Talibus hostijs promeretur Deus , Hebr. 13. § Rh●mens . Hebr. 13. ¶ Sensus est , tali●us hostijs delectatur , sive placatur D●us , ut hab●t cōmentarius Chrysostomi : vel t●libus hostijs pl●cetur Deo , ut exponit Oecumenius , Bellar. de Iustific . l. 5. c. 2. * Significat Deum delectari bonis , ●isque concilia●i , & induci ad benefaciendum ijs qui ben● operantur , Ibid. * Imò , dignari , ut Cic. de Orat. l. 3. h Imagines coli eodem cultu cū Proto●ypo , sive quo coluntur , quorum sunt imagines ; Christi & Dei latria : est opinio cōmuni Theologorum sententia recepta . Sic Thom. Albert. Palud . Almain . Marsil Maiol . Capreol . Cajetan . & caeteri juniores . Azor . institut . l. 8. c 6. et Greg. de Valent. de Jdolatr . l. 2. c. 6. i Si de reipsa agatur , admitti potest Imagines posse coli impropriè vel per accidens , eodem genere cultus , quo exemplar ipsum colitur , &c. Bellar. de cult Sanct. l. 2. c. 23. k Quādo imago accipitur pro ipso exemplari , cujus vicem gerit , Ibid. l Cum exemplar cōsideramꝰ quasi im●gine vestitum , &c. Ibid. m Quantū ad modum loquendi , praesertim in concione ad populum , non est dicendum imagines ullas adora●i debere latria ; s●d ● contrari● , non deb●re sic ado●ari● Bellar● . ibid. cap. 22. n Offendit aur●● Catholicorum . o Praebet occasionē haereticis liberius blasphemandi , Ibid. p Remissio veni●li●m justo Dei judicio redditur bonis meritis justorum . Bellarm. de Iust. sic . l. 1. c. 21. q Opera justorum ex charitate facta esse meritoria vitae aeternae ex condigno . Bellar. de Iustif. l. 5. c. 16. r Non solum ratione pacti , sed etiam ration● operū , Ibid. cap. 17. s Catholici omnes ag●oscunt , opera bona justorū esse meritoria vitae aeternae , Ibid. c. 16. t Aliqui ●ensent non esse utendum vocibus his de condigno & de congruo . Sed absolutè esse dic●ndum , Opera justorum esse & meritoria vitae aeternae ex gratia Dei. Ita Tho. Wald●ns . de Sacram. tom . 3. c. 7. & Paul ▪ Burg. addit . ad Lyr. in Psal. 35. u Alij volunt esse meritoria de condigno largo modo , quod respectu condigni propriè sumpti dicatur congruū , respectu cōgrui possi● dici condignum . Ita Durand . in 2. Sent. d. 27. q 2. Et Greg. Arimin . in 1. Sent. d. 17. q. 1. art . 2. x Quidam distinguunt inter dignū & condignum , & meritum ex digno admittunt , non ex condigno . y Communis sentētia ▪ Theologorū admittit simpliciter meritum de condigno . Bellarm. ibid. a Quidam existi●nant opera bona nō esse meritoria vitae aeternae ex condigno ratione operis , sed tantum ratione pacti , & acceptationis divinae , Bellar. de Iustific . l. 5. c. 17. Quidam existimant opera bona nō esse meritoria vitae aeternae ex condigno ratione pacti , & acceptationis divinae , Bellar. de Iustifi● . l. 5. c. 17. b Ita Scot. in 1. Sent. d. 17. qu. 2. quem al●j quoque ex veteribus scholasticis sequuntur . c Non desunt qui censent esse meritoria ex condigno ratione operis , etiamsi nulla extaret divina conventio . Ita Cajetan . in Thom. p. 1● . 2● . q. 114. a. 1. & Dominic . à Soto de Nat. & . Grat. c. 7. d Nobis media sententia probabilior videtur , esse sci● . meritoria ex cōdigno ratione pacti & operis simul , Bell. ibid. e Non quod sine pacto & acceptatione non habeat opus bonū proportionem ad vitā aeternam ex operis dignitate , Ibid. f Detrabitur de gloria Christi , si merita nostra sint ita imperfecta , ut non sint meritoria ex condigno , nisi ratione acceptationis Dei , Ibid. * Absit ut justi vitam aeternam expectent sicut pauperes ●leemosynam , mult● namque gloriosius est ipsos quasi victores & triumphatores eam possidere , tanquam palmam suis sudoribus debitam . Ruard . Tapper . explic . art . Lovan . tom . 2. cap. 9. g Ita ut in bono opere sit quaedā proportio & aequalitas ad praemium vitae aeternae , Ibid. h Satis est proportionalis aequalitas , Ibid. c. 18. i Modus futuri judicij erit sec. justitiam commutativam , quoniam Deus non solum cōstituet proportionalem aequalitatem inter merita & praemia , sed etiam absolutam aequalitatem inter opera & mercedes , Ibid. cap. 14. k Vbi opus est per se aequale mercedi , Ibid. l. 1. c. 21. verè par mercedi , Ibid. l. 5. c. 17. l Meritum verè & propriè , Bellar. de poenit . l. 4. c. 8. m Simpliciter & absolutè tale . Idem de justific . l. 5. c. 18. n Meritum ex justitia & sec. debitum . Ibid. l. 1. c. 21. Ex justo Dei judicio , Ibid. l. 5. c. 16. o Meritum ex gratia magis quam justitia : meritum imperfectum , Ibid. l. 1. c. 21. Meritum impetrationis tantum , Ibid. & in Ind●c . de lib. concord . sup . p Rhemens . in 2 Tim. 4.8 . * I●dem in Hebr. 6. ●● . q Damnatum Parisijs an . Dom. 1354. Fr. Guidonis enunciatum hoc : Quod homo meretur vitam aeternam de condigno : quod si non daretur ei , ficret injuria , & quod Deus faceret sibi injuriam . In Bibliothec. Patr. tom . 4. edit . 2. r Temerarium & blasphemum esse dicere , Deum fore injustum si meritis hominum justorum non reddat mercedem , &c. Ex Durando Bellarm. de Iustific . l. 5. c. 16. Vide Durandum in 2. Sent. d. 27. q. 2. Nam quod Bellarm. promissam , addit , de suo ●st . s Requiritur pactū & conventio : nisi enim id praecesserit , non potest ex justitia commutativa , neque ex distributiva etiam , opus alterum oblig●re , quantumvis eximium sit , & aequale mercedi , Idem de Iustific . l. 5. c. 14. t Non defunt gravissimi Autores , qui sentiant , Omne opus bonum hominis justi & habitu charitatis praediti , vitae ●tern● meritoriū esse , 〈◊〉 . c. 15. u Probabilius videtur ad meritum exigi , ut opus bonū , vel tunc cū fit , actu imperetur à charitate , atque in Deum ut finem ultimum referatur ; vel certè nascatur ab actu imperato à charitate , atque in Deum ante relato ; quod est virtute non actu 〈◊〉 Deū referri , Ibid. x Si opus aliquod sit multo inferius mercede ex conventione promissa , ut si Dominus vineae cōduceret operarios , & nō denarium diurnum , sed centum nummos aureos pro mercede promitteret , non esset meritum ex condigno ratione operis , Bellar. de Iustific . l. 5. c. 17. y Finiti ad infinitum nulla est proportio . Itaque rectè Fulgent . ad M●nim . l. 1. Tantum ibi gratia divinae retributionis exuberat , ut incōparabiliter atque ineffabiliter omne meritum quamvis bonae & ex Deo datae humanae voluntatis & operationis excedat . * Quid dignū facimus ut participes coelestibus fieri inveniamur ? &c. Thom. Wald. citante Vega de merit . q. 4. “ Rom. 8.18 . § Reputo igitur sauiorem Theologum , fideliorem Catholicum , & Script . sanctis magis concordem , qui tale Meritum simpliciter abnegat , Idem ibid. a Totis licet animae & corporis laboribus desudemus , totis licet obedi●n●i● viribus exerceamur , nihil tamen condignum merito pro coelestibus bonis compensare & offerre valebimus , Euseb. Emiss . nomine , homil . 3. ad Monarch . b Quanto labore digna est requies quae non habet finem ? Si verum vis computare & verum judicare ; aeterna requies aeterno labore rectè emitur . Sed noli timere : miseric●rs est Deus , Aug. in Psal. 93. c Si h●mo mille annis serviret Deo etiam ferventissimè , no● meretur ex cōdigno dimidiam diē esse in regno caelorum , Anselm . de Mensur . cruc . c. 2. * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Chrysost. in Matth. hom ▪ 79. † 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , idem ibid. “ Non tibi reddit debitam poenam , sed donat indebitā gratiā , Aug. in Psa. 31. d Facilius & minus est reddere aequivalēs ejus quod quis accepit ab alio , quā eum constituere debitorem : quia ad constituendum eum debitorem requiritur quod plus reddat quam acceperit , ut sic ratione plurium alius efficiatur debitor , Durand . in 2. Sent. d. 27. q. 2. e Etsi proximo forte videatur quis reddere plus quam debeat ; Deo tamen nemo unquam reddit quod debet . Ber. de Divers . 36. Et hinc Thom. Bradward . de Caus. Dei , l. 1. c. 39. Nullus potest reddere plenarie debitum quod accepit à Deo , quare nec quicquā mereri ab eo ex pure debito & condigno . f Vide supra ex Bellarm. de Iustific . l. 5. c. 7. * Superbia species est , qua quis credit habere pro meritis suis bona , quae à Deo habet . Gul. Perald . sum . tom . 2. tract . 6. part . 3. c. 2. g Philip. 4.11 . Vse 4. Errors 2. Error 1. h 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Hesiod . Ope● . lib. 1. 〈◊〉 d●ves cupidit●●●m ●●rritat . Se● . epist. 7. i Instateq●it auriga , 〈◊〉 vinc●tibus ; illum Praeteritum temnens extremos intereun●e , Horat. Sat. 1. k 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Plut. de Tranquil . l 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Chrysostom . in 2 Thessal . Homil. 2. Quod enixe concupiscunt ut sit , conta●escunt quod esse non possit , Gilbert . in Can● . 19. m 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Plutarch . de Tranquil . n Ester . 5.13 . o 1 King. 21.1 — 4. p 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Plut. ibid. Quantumlibet saepe obligati , si quid ●●um neges , hoc solum meminirum● quod negatum est , Plin. epist. 4. l. 3. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Basil. Caesar ▪ hom . 5. Quid facit oblivion●m acceptorum ? cupiditas accipiendo●um , Sen. epist. 8● . Non quid habeamus , sed qu●d petamus , inspicimus ; non in id quod est , sed quod appetitur inten●● . Nec e● intu●●●r qu● nos alijs praeposu●re ; sed ea solum quae praecedentium fortuna osten●a● . Non potest quisquam & invid●●e & gratias agere . Jdem de Benes . lib. 3. cap. 3. Non quod hab●t numerat ; tantum quod non habet ▪ optat . Mani● . Astron●m . l. * In quo dilexisti nos ? Mal●● . 1.2 . Et sic ●sti , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ; ( ita quippe legendum . ) 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Plut. de Tranquil . q Inops potentem dum vult imitari perit . In prato quodam rana conspexit ●ovem , Et tacta invidia tantae magnitudinis , Rugosam inflavit pellem ; tum na●os suos interrogavit , an ●o●e esset ●atior . Illi negarunt : rursus in●ēdit cutem maj●●e ●isu . — Novissim● indig●nta dū vu●● validius inflar●●ese , rupto jacuit ▪ corpore . Phaedr . 〈◊〉 8. Videatur & Horat. serm . l. 2. S●t . ● ▪ Hi●c Marti●● . l. 10. epist. 79. Grandis ut exiguā●os ranam ruperat ●li● ; Sic , puto , Tor●●atu●●umpet Ola●ilium ▪ Sanum itaque Greg. N●z . consili●m de Euta● . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Error 2. r Matth. 26.39 . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ; Epicte● . Arian . dissert . l. 2. c. 17. Deus quae voluit qui vult , semper est f●●lix . Sic enim ●omo 〈◊〉 humanis in divina dirigitur , cum voluntati humanae volunta● divina praefertur . Aug. in Ioan. 5● . Vide quid ●quiu●●it , aut t● voluntati divinae conf●rmando subdere , aut quod ipsa tu● subservia● ▪ voluntati ▪ Gers●● ▪ ●●nsol . Theol. l. 2. c. 1. s Mat. 6.10 . t Iob ▪ 1.21 . 〈◊〉 sed & dedi● ▪ Sen. ep ▪ 〈◊〉 . Tu●●sti ▪ qu●●iam tun● erat ▪ Bern. de Temp. 110. u 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Epict●t . 〈◊〉 . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ; Idem Arian . dissert . l. 1. c. 11. Ita Hieron . ad Iulian. Tulisti libero● q●o● ipse d●deras . Non contrist●r quod recepisti ; ag● gratias quod dedisti . Et Iuli●● . Imper. apud Ammi●● ▪ l. 25. Vi●am rep●s●●nti 〈…〉 fidei red●●turus exulto . x Quanti humiliantur , & humiles non sunt ? Bern. in Cant. 34. Et nec fractis cervicibus inclinantur , Hieron . ad Aug. epist. 26. y 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Plut. de Tranquil . Meritò itaqu● Comic . Stich. 1.2 . Eam mulierem sapientem praedica● , quae aequo anim● pati potest sibi esse pejus quam suit . z 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Dion . Cass. hist. lib. 57. Apicius cum sestertiûm millies in culinam congessisset , aere alieno oppressus , rationibus inspectis , superfuturum sibi sestertiûm centies computavit , & velut in ultima fame victurus si sestertiûm cent●es vixisset , veneno vitam finivit , Sen. ad Helv. c. 10. Hinc Martial . l. 3. ep . 22. Dederas , Apici , ter trecenties ventri : Sed adhuc supererat centies tibi laxum . Hoc tu gravatus ut famen & sitim , ferre , summa venenum potione dux●sti ▪ N●l est , Apici , tibi gulosius factum . a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Plut de Tranquill. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Favorin . — majorise pauperiorum Tur●ae comparet . — Horat. S●● . 1. Si vis gratus esse adv●●su● Deum , & adv . vitam tu●m , cogita quam multos antec●sseris . Cum aspexeris quot ●e ant●cedant , cogita qu●● sequantur , Sen. ep . 15. Aspice quanto major pars si● pauperum . Idem ad Helv. c. 12. b 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ; Aristip. apud Plut. de Tranquill. c 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Diogen . apud Plut. de pros . not . de muribus ; quos & reliquis suis vescentes parasitos suos appellitabat , Laert. d 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , — Homer . Odyss . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 & Diog. apud Laert. & Plu. de Sanit . tuend . Domum redeamus , Cic. Bruto . e 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Athen. Dipnosoph . l. 12. Vel ut Plut. in Alcib . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Puto tamen Plut. ex Athen. castigandum : qui & in Erot. sic extulit , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ( 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Xyland . ) 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . f Act. 17.25 . 1 Tim. 6.17 . g 1 Chron. 29.12 , 14 , 16. h Rabbi Gam-zoth· ex or● D. Leifeild· i 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Etiā hoc bon●m est ; Et hoc etiam ; Et hoc ; Sic Ezech. Esai . 39.8 . Et Antigonus m●rbo correptus levi●s●ulo , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Plut. Apophth . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , &c. Plut de Tranquill . k Doles quod amisisti ? gaude quod evasisti , Sen. excerpt . de remed . fortuit . l 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Plut. de Tranquil . m Esai . 1.9 . Lament . 3.22 . Ezra 9.13 , 15. Nehem. 9.31 . n 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Greg. Naz. Epitaph . Patr. Habere siquidem eripitur ; ●abuisse nunquam , Sen. Particular 2. Gods Goodnesse . Grounds 2. Ground 1. Gods Mercie . Observat. 3. o Psal. 103.4 . p Coronat te . Vulg. & Vatabl. quia 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 corona . Vnde Aug. de verb. Ap. 2. Post redemptionem ab omni corruptione quid restat nisi corona justitia ? Ipsa cer●è restat ; sed eliam sub ipsa vel in ipsa non sit caput turgidum , ut recipiat coronā . Dicturus erat , Coronat me ; merita mea fatetur , &c. debitū redditur non donatu● . Audi , &c. De misericordia te coronat , de miseratione te coronat . Non enim dignus fuisti qu●m vocaret , & vocatum justificaret , & justificatum glorifica●●t . Et de sp . & lit . cap. 33. Hoc fiet in judicio , ubi necessarium suit commemorare miseric . & miserat . Vbi jam exigi d●bita & reddi merita si possent videri , ut nullus esset misericordiae locus . Necessaria itaque est nobis Salvatoris misericordia , sive cum convertimur , sive cum praeliamur , sive cum coronamur . Idem de Corrept . & Grat. cap. 13. q Cingit , vel circumtegit , Iun. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 sicut Psalm . 5.12 . Benevolentiâ tuā tanquam umbone circumteges eum . r Psalm . 103.10 . s Nam si secundum merita tibi daret , damnaret 〈◊〉 , August . in Psalm . 102. Si quod debetur redderet , utique damnaret . Idem in Psalm . 31. Si vellet pro meritis agere , non inveniret , nisi quod damnaret . Idem in Psal. 94. t Psal. 32.10 . u 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Cōfirmation . x Vise August . supr . de verb. Ap. Serm. 2. Considerations 2. Consider . 1. Gods Promises . a Exod. 2● . 6 ▪ & 34.7 . Deut. 5.10 . * Luk. 1.50 . “ Psa. 103.17 , 18. b Malac. 3.17 . c Iam. 2.13 . Misericordiam qui non praestat alt●ri , ●ollit sibi . Chrysol . ser. 42. d In illo j●dicio , in quo j●st● coronantur , et injus●i damnan●ur , alij cū misericordia , alij sine miseri● . j●dicandi . Nam cum d●cit , Iud●cium erit sine miseric . jis qui non fecerunt misericord ā manifestatur in his , i● quibus inveniuntur bona opera misericordiae j●dicium cum misericordi● fi●ri , a● per hoc ipsam etiam misericord●ā meritis bonorum operum reddi , Aug. de Corrept . et Grat. cap. 13. e Matth. 5.7 . f Rom. 6.23 . g Sicut Joan. 12.50 . & 17.3 . Quod & Piscator observat . h Mors merit● stip●ndium , qu●a militiae Diabolicae mors aeterna tanquam debitum redditur . Vbi cum posset dicere , & rectè dicere , Stipendium just●tiae vita ; maluit dicere , Gratia Dei vita aeterna , ut hinc inte●ligeremus , Deum nos ad vitam aeternam , non pro meritis nostris , sed prō sua miseratione perducere , August . de Grat. & lib. arb . cap. 9. & Gloss. Ordm. in Rom 6. i Gratia nisi gratis sit , gratia non est , August . Enchir. c. 107. Gratia enim vocatur , quia gratis datur . Idem in Ioan. 3. Quomodo est ergò gratia , si non gratis datur : quomodo est gratia , si ex debite redditur ? Idem de Grat. Chri●ti , c. 23. Nisi gratuita non est gratia . Ibid. c. 31. Nullo modo est gratia , nisi fuerit omni modo gratuita . Idem de pecc . Orig. cap. 24. k Mortis stipendium ; Vitae donativum . Tertul. de Resurr . carn . Quo vocabulo usus est & Durand . in 2. Sent. d. 27. q. 2. l Aeternam vitam nullis potes operibꝰ promereri , nisi gratis detur & illa , Bern. de Temp. 48. Vnde & scitè subjungit Idem ibid. Jpse enim peccata condonat , ipse donat merita , & praemia nihilominus ipse redonat . * Merces ex dono nulla est , quae debetur ex opere . Hilar. in Matth. Can. 20. “ Debitum & donum non consistunt , Faber . in Rom. 8. † Non d●cit , quod st●pēdia justitiae vita aeterna : ut intelligamus non ex nostris meritis , sed ex gratuito Dei dono assequi nos vitam aeternam , Caje● . in Rom. 6. ¶ Ecce meritum ; ecce justitia , cujus stipendium est vita aeterna : nobis au●ē est donum ratione ipsius Christi Iesu. Idem ibid. m Psal. 62.12 . n Psal. 143.8 . o Greg. in Psal. Poen●● . 7. p Si illa Sanctorum f●licitas &c. misericordia est , & non meritis acquiritur , ubi erit , qu●d scriptum est , Et tu reddes &c. Si secundum opera redditur , quomodo misericordia aestimabitur ? q Sed aliud est secundum opera reddere , & aliud propter ipsa opera reddere , Greg. ibid. r In co quod ●ec . opera dicitur , i●sa operum qualitas intelligitur , ut cujus apparuerint bona opera , ejus sit & retributio gloriosa , Ib. s 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 rectè vertitur , secundum meritū , vel pro merito & dignitate operū Quid est enim reddere sec. opera , nisi reddere sicut opera mer●tur ? Bel. de j●s●ific . l. 5. c. 2. t Illi namque beatae vitae , in qua cū Deo & de Deo vivitur , nullꝰ poterit aequari labor , nulla opera cōparari , &c. Greg. ibid. u Rom. 8.18 . Minora sunt omnia quae patimur & ind●gna , pro quorū laboribꝰ tanta repēdatur f●turorū merces bonorum , Amb. epist. 22. x Ne si unus quidē univ●rsa● sustineret , B●r. de Tēp . 48. * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Macar . homil . 15. y 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Non dicit , nobis , sed , in nobis . Neque enim erimus oti●si spectatores , sed participes gloriae , 1 Ioan. 3.2 . Bern. de Praecept . & Disp●ns . z Quid sunt merita omnia ad tantam gloriam ? Non sunt talia hominum merita , ut propter ●a vita aeterna debeatur ex jure ; aut Deus injuriam faceret , si e●m non donaret , Bern. d● Temp. 48. Itaque scitè Prosper . in Psal. 102 Per candem misericordiam dan●ur cor●nae mer●torum , ●er quam data sunt merita coronarum . * Rhem. in Hebr. 6.10 . a Neque gratia salutis operibus debetur , sed solius Dei bonitati , Iac. Faber . in Luc. 3. b Delcatur , Iudex expurg . Belgic . c Non in Meritis , sed in misericordia Dei salus humana consistit , Origen . in Rom. l. 9. c. 11. Consider . 2. The Saints Prayers . d 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Chrysost. de Compunct . 2. e 1 Sam. 13.14 . * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Idē in Psa. 12. † 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Ibid. § 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Ibid. f 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Ibid. g 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Idē de Compunct . 2. h 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Chrysost. in Psal. 12. i Psal. 13.5 . k Psal. 4.2 . l Psal. 6.2 . m 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Chrysost. in Psal. 6. n 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Idem in Psalm . 4. o Psalm . 109.21 . p Psal. 6.4 . & 31.16 . & 109.26 . q Propter misericordiam tuam , non propter meritum meum , August in Psal. 6. & Ruff●● . ibid. r In misericordia tua , non in justitia mea . Ruffin . in Psal. 30. s 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Chrysost. in Psalm . 108. Non quia ego sum dignus , sed quia tu es misericors , Aug. in Psal. 30. Conc. 3. t 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Chrysost. ibid. u Gratuita gratia commendatur , non ex op●rum debito , Prosper . post . Aug. in Psal. 108. e Non de meis meritis confidens , ut me sal●ū facias suppl●●o , sed de sola misericordia tua praesumens impetrare , quo non de meritis meis spero , Greg. in Psal Poenit. 1. f Noli me audire secundum judiciariam sev●ritatem , sed sec. misericordissimam bonitatem , August . in Psalm . 30. & ex eodem Lombard . ibid. g Negat merita sua , Cassiod . in Psalm . 30. h Salvum se petit fieri , non sec. merita sua , sed propter divinam misericordum : in qua dum fixa spes ponitur , venia facilius impetratur , Idem in Psalm . 6. i Psalm . 119.41 . k Secundum verbum tuum , non sec. meritum meum , August . in Psalm . 118. l Filius esse vult promissionis , non elationis , Ibid. m Psalm . 25.11 . n Propter nomen tuum , non propter meritum meum , Ruffin . in Psal. 24. o Sed & quantumlibet poeniteat , quantumlibet se affl●ctet & maceret , Propter nomen tuum , non propter meritum meum propitiaberis peccato meo , ait justus , Bern. de Divers . 22. p Totam salutē suā hic attribuit misericord●ae salvatoris , Hugo in Psal. 24. q Psal. 25.7 . r Non secundū irā , qua ego dignus sū ; sed sec. misericordiam tuam , quae te digna est , Aug. in Psal. 24. s Non propter meritū m●ū , sed propter bonitatem tuā . Ex Aug. Alcuin . & Gloss. Ordin . Lomb. in Psal. 24. t Dicendo , Propter bon . t. D. fecit intelligi , Non propter mer. meum . Cassiod . ibid. u Vnde nullum fas est aliquando praesumere , nisi quē graviter contingit errare , Idem ibid. x Psal. 31.3 . y Propter nomē tuum , nō propter meritum meum , Aug. in Psal. 30. Conc. 1. & Hugo ibid. & in Psal. 142. z Non quia ego sum dignus ; sed ut tu glorificeris , Idem ibid. a Psal. 119.149 . b Nos si semel jejunamus ut hominibus placeamus , aut exiguum nescio quid damus , dum pulsantem fores nostras inopem non sustinemus ; deberi nobis ut audiamur existimamus , Hilar. in Psal. 118. part . 19 c Post haec &c. in operibus bonitatis totius perfectus , totum de Deo sperat , totum ex misericordia ej●s expectat , omnem in ea spem repon●t , au●●ri secundum ●am vocem suam r●gat , Ibid. e Gen. 24.12 . f See Sermon on Eleazers Prayer . g 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , &c. Chrysost. tom . 8. serm . 15. h 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Ibid. i 2 Tim. 1.16 , 17. k Ibid. 18. l Vt sicut Apostolum requirens invenit , sic & misericordiam quaerens inveniat apud judicem , Ambr. nomine in 1 Tim. 1. m 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Chrysostom . in 2 Tim. hom . 3. n 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . o Ruard . Tapper . supra . Absit , 〈…〉 pauperes eleemosynā expectent . p 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . q 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Chrysost. ibid. r 2 Tim. 4.14 , 16. Aliter enim de eis , qui ex malitia obstiterant ; aliter pro eis , qui ex infirmitate deliquerant , uti & Aug. observat in Josh. quaest . 30. s Dan. 9.18 . Vide Hug. Card. in Iob 9.21 . t 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Greg. Naz. adv . Eunom . Orat. 4. u Impetratio orationis innititur misericordiae ; meritum autē condigni innititur justitiae . Et ideò multa orando impetrat homo ex divina misericordia , quae tamen non meretur secundum justitiam , Tho. sum . part . 1 a. 2 ae . q. 114. a. 6. x Non meriti aestimator , sed veniae largitor , Missal . in post-commun . y Psal. 65.3 . * Quid meriti apud Deum po●erimꝰ obtendere , cui debemus omnia ? Luc. 17.10 . Quid nobis de bonis operibus poterimus applaudere , cum universae justitiae nostrae sint quasi pannus menstruatae apud Dominum ? Esai . 64.6 . Nulla igitur in Deum sunt nostra merita , cui debita sunt omnia quae praestamꝰ . Iodoc. Cl●cthov . in Canon . Miss . z Qui petit , primò d●bet attendere , ut pro suis me●itis nihil accepturū se putet , sed de Dei mis●ricordia tantum , quicquid rogaverit , impetraturum . Bern. in Sentent . * Causam excogitare quare debeat concedi : & hoc non merita nostra , sed miseratio Domini , Aquin. in 1 Tim. 2. † Hebr. 4.16 . “ Jbidem . a Fides aliquando recipit , quod oratio non praesumit , Bern. de Grad . humil . Et instat in Laz. resuscitato , Ioan. 11.23 . b Gen. 28.20 . Vberior semper est Dei gratia , quam nostra precatio , Ambros. in Luc. Et instat . in latrone in Paradisum trāslato . Luc. 23.42 , 43. Sic 2 Paral. 1.12 . Psal. 21.4 . Luc. 15.19 , 22. c Gen. 33.6 . d Gen. 33.11 . e Iusti nihil tribuent meritis suis. Nō tribuent nisi totum misericordiae tuae , Aug. in Psal. 139. f De est gratiae , quicquid meritis deputas , Ber. in Can. 67. Vse 1. g Id quod ex condigno quis meretur , non ex m●s●ratione , sed ex merito accip●t , Thom. sum . part . 1 a. 2 ae . q. 114. a. 3. h Secundum judicium justitiae , Tho. ibid. Impetratio orationis nititur misericordiae ; meritum autem condigni innititur justitiae , Idem ibid. art . 6. i Etiam merces nostra gratia vocatur . Si gratia est , gratis datur . Aug. in Psal. 31. Nam gratia sic nominatur , quia gratis datur , Idem in Psal. 43. Opponitur autem gratia debi●o , Bellarm. de Grat. & lib. arb . l. 1. c. 1. ex Rom. 4.4 . & 11.6 . k Rom. 4.4 ▪ & 6.22 , 23. l Augustin . de Civitat . lib. 12. cap. 9. Scripsit ipsam beatitudin●m hominibus nunc esse donum , quae merces meriti futura erat , si primus homo ●●are voluisset , Bellarmin . ibidem , lib. 2. cap. 17. m Quaerimus misericordiae meritum , & non invenimus : quia nullum est misericordiae meritum , ne gratia evacuetur , si non gratis don●tur , sed meritis redditur , Lombard . Sent. lib. 1. d 41. A. ex Aug. ep . 105. n Rom. 11.6 Omne meritum repugnat gratiae , Thom. sum . part . 1 a. 2 ae . q. 114. a. 5. o Si misericordia est , meritis non acquiritur , Greg. sup . in Psal. P●n . 7. Vide & quae Thom. sup . Quod redditur potius ex liberalitate dantis quam ex debito operis , non cadit sub merito de condigno sir●ctè & propriè sumpto , Durand . in Sent. lib. 2. d. 27. q. 2. p Miseremini mei ; non quia d●gnus , sed quia inops ; non quia merui , sed quia eg●● . Iustitia meritum quaerit , misericordia miser●am , Bern. epist. 12. * Si dantur hominibus b●na pro meritis co●ū , quae gratia Dei erit ? Sicut si pater●am lias s●ivat operario operationē quam ipse meruit , in hoc nullam gratiam ei ●acit , Guil. Perald . sum . tom . 2. tract . 6. part . 3. cap. 2. “ Non est quo gratia intret , ubi jam meritum occupavit , Bern. in Cant. 67. q Cū justificat impium divina miseratio , locum meriti non potest habere praesumptio . Deb●tor enim est , antequam pareat pr●ceptis : & nisi paruerit , damnatus est . Si autem fecerit , non hab●t gloriam , quia inutilis ser●us est , qui nihil amplius operatur , Primas . in R●m . 4. & H●eron . nomine ibid. † 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Rom. 8.12 . * 59. Bern. in Ser. de quadrupl . d●b . demonstrat pluribus de causis in solidū , omnia opera nostra bona esse d●b●ta Deo , ita ut possit omnia exigere , etiamsi praemium nullum dare velit , Bellarm. de Iustific . l. 5. c. 13. † Quid ergo de nobis sentiendum qui non omnia servamus , qui multorum rei sumus ? Non in●tiles tantum , sed minus quam inutiles nos esse , Cajetan in Luc. 17. r Nemo Deo totum reddit quod debet , Bernard . de Divers . Serm. 34. Nullus potest d●cere quod debe●am feci , nisi qui exemptios est à dicendo , Dimitte nobis debita nostra , Cajet . in Luc. 17. Observ. 2. Vse 3. s Vide Bern. in Psal. 90. ser. 9. sup . Sed & Ambr. in Psal. 1●8 . p. 20. Nemo sibi arroget ; nemo de meritis glorietur : sed misericordiam invenire speremus omnes per Dominum Iesum ▪ De illo veniam , de illo indulgentiā postulabo . t Sic Luk 18.13 . Publicanus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Basil. Sel. ser. Tota humilitate ad misericordiam recurramus , quae Sola potest servare animas nostras , Bern. in Cant. 14. u Quid faciat justus & misericors Dominus ; altera gloriante in lege & applaudente justitium sibi , nec indigente misericordia , sed despiciente ipsam qua indiget ; altera è regione propria cognoscente delicta , cōfitente indignitatē , renu●nte judiciū , ●●agitante misericordiā ? Quid , inquā , faciat judex , cui & judicare & misereri aequè familiare utrūque ? Quid possit sanè convenientius , quā ut prosuo quaeque accipiat voto , judiciū illa , ista misericordiā , Illi judiciū quaerunt , & habeant : nos autem super misericordi● honoremus Deum . Est & judicium , ut qui contemnit Dei misericordem justiti●m , & suam volunt statuere , quae non justificat , sed accusat , eidem suae justitiae relinquantur , opprimendi magis quam justificandi , Bern. in Cant. 14. x Psal. 130.3 , 4. & 143.2 , 3. I●est quippe Deo & misericordia judicanti , & judicium miseranti . Nam quisquis velut nimium justus judicium ●●ne misericordia quasi securus expectat , iram justissimam provocat , Aug. epist. 29. Jtaque , Vae etiam laud●bili vitae hominum , si remota misericordia discutias eā ? Idem Confess . l. 9. c. 13. Si enim remota tunc pietate discutitur , in illo examine etiam justi vita succumbe● , Greg. Moral . l. 9. c. 11. y Si non pro meriti● operum , sed in gratiam fidei & justitiae Christi misericorditer imputatae vita aeterna daretur , non justiti● Iudicis , sed misericordiâ Patris , vel liberalitate Principis 〈◊〉 esset , Bellar. Apolog. adv . Sereniss . Reg. Britan. c. 7. Assumat Pontificius quivis : videbis statim quid sequatur , Nihil opus scil . alterutrâ . z Merces o● Christi meritum non datur , Suarez in 3. Thom. Disp. 41. §. 3. † In retr●butione bonorum ad Christi meritum non aspicitur . Quod operibus bonis vita reddatur aeterna , id nō Christi meritis ascribendū est . Mich. Baius de merit . oper . l. 1. c. 9. a Matth. 16.60 . Luk. 18.11 , 12. b Omnia Deo tribuit , &c. quod cū facere oportet , qui novit gratus esse , et ut par est , in bonorū cōfessione gratias agere , Faber de Paulo in Ephes. 1. c Nimius sui suspectus ingratos , & maxime , facit . Inde est , ut omnia meruisse se homines existiment , & in solutum accipiant . Sen. de Benef. l. 2. c. 26. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ▪ Chrysost in Matth. hom . 25. * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Idem in Psalm . 5. “ Teneri neminem ad gratias reddendas pro ea re , quam , ex condigno meruit , recte docet Thom. Bradward . de Caus. Dei , lib. 1. cap. 39. d 1 Cor. 3.18 . Sap●ens ne sit , ut sit sapiens , Augustin . de Consens . Euang. lib. 2. cap. 31. Stulti estote , ut sitis sapientes , Tertull. ad Marc. lib. 5. Hoc ipsum sapere est , insipi●●tiam agnos●ere , Bern. in Cant. 20. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Gregor . Nazianz. de sede Constant. e 1 Cor. 8.2 . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 dixit bion . Contra , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Basil. hom . 24. Hinc Socrates sapientissimus est habitus , quod hoc unum scire se profiteretur quod nihil sciret , Laert. & Plut. ad Colot . In omni siquidem negotio pretiosissimum est , intelligere quemque nescire se quae nesciat ▪ Colum. de rerust . lib. 11. cap. 1. f Phil. 3.12 , 13 , 15. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Chrysost. in Philip. hom . 12. Viriꝰ quae nunc est in homine fasto perfecta ●actenus nominatur , ut ad ejus perfectionē pertineat etiam ipstus imperfectionis & in veritate cognitio , & in humilitate cōfessio . Aug. contr . ep . Pelag. l. 3. c. 7. Haec hominibꝰ soli perfect●o est , si imperfectos esse se noverint , Hier. ad Clesiphon● . c. 3. Beda in Luc. 17. & Aquin. in Caten . g Philip. 3.9 . Tunc justi sumu● , qu●ndo nos peccatores fatem●● ; & justitia nostra non ex propria merito , sed ex Dei con●●●tit . misericordia , Hieron . contr . Pelag. Dialog . 1. h Puritatem hic accipimus , ut per omnia quae agimus , injustitiam nostram ( ● . impuritatem ) purè & ●●militer Domin● conf●●●amur , Ber. de Divers . 16. i Sufficit ad meritum scire , quod non sufficiant merita , Ber. in Cant. 68. Ve ei , cū sufficere sua midetur insufficientia . Id●● de Divers . 27. k 2 Cor. 12.18 . Gal. 6.3 . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Chrysost. in Matth. Hom. 25. Dignisunt regno Dei , qui gloriam ejus scient●● ▪ nullam condignam ess● putant passi●nem , Primas . in 2 Thess. 1. Nes dignisumꝰ , sed dign●ti●ne ips●m , non dignitate nostra , ●er . de Ton. 11● . Vse 2. m Gen. 31.38 . — 40. n Moles●um verbum est , & on●rosum , & di●isso vult●● dicend● , R●g● , Se● de ●●nif . l. 2. c. 2. o Audi voces petentium : Nemo nō victuram semper in animosuo memoriā dicit : nemo non deditum se & devotū profitetur , & si quod aliud humilius verbum quo se oppigneraret , invenit . Sen. de Benes . l. 3. c. 5. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Palad . Antholog . l. 1. c. 42. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Ibid. p 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Theophyl . epist. 73. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Gregor . Naz. pro Pauper . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Idem epist. 45. q Audacter Deum roga , nihil illum de alieno rogaturus , Sen. epist. 10. r Iustitia enim in aequalitate consistit . Thom. sum . par . 2 a. 2 ae . q. 57. a. 1. & q. 62. a. 2. s 1 Chron. 29.11 , 14 , 16. t Matth. 20.25 . u 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Greg. Naz. pro Pauper . Mendici Dei sumus . Et quod petitur à nobis , à Deo nos petimus , Aug. de verb. Dom. 5. Quant●●●vis dives es , Dei mendicus es , Idem ibid. 41. & in Orat. Dom. An non mendicas , qui panem petis ? Idem homil . 14. x Nemo alij aut participium , aut parilitatem , ( aut praeeminentiam etiam ) invideat . Quis enim meritum praetendat , ubi in munere sola est gratia ? Gilbert . in Cant. 27. Ita enim erga alias largitas , ut erga alios nulla iniquita● , Aug. de Persever . cap. 4. y Multi sunt , qui non donant , sed pro●●ciunt , Sen. ep . 120. z Errat , siquis existimat facilem rem esse donare . Plurimum habet res ista difficultatis , si modo consilio tribuitur , non casu & impetu spargitur . Idem de Beat. c. 24. Multi perdere sciunt , d●nare nesciunt . Tacit . hist. l. 5. * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Aristot. Stob. c. 3. Transeamus in ea , in quo nos c●sus ( imò Deus ips● ) deduxerit . Sen. de Tranq . c. 14. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Epictet . Arian . dissert . l. ● . c. 12. Hinc Thymarid●s ●i qui dixisset , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Di● tibi d●n● quae veli● ; resp●ndit , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Im● vel● ego , quae Dij dederint . Iāb . vita Pythag. “ Nū . 9.17.18 . Grounds 2. Particular . 3. Gods truth . Mercie and Truth . a Psal. 25.10 . b Psal. 36.5 . c Psal. 40.11 . d Psal. 138.2 . e Ephes. 4.24 , 25. Veritas , sive veracitas pars est justitiae . Ex Cicer. de Invent . Thom. sum . part . 2● . 2 ae . q. 109. a. 3. Ground 2. Observ. 4 ▪ f Psal. 43.3 . g Psal. 54.5 . h Psal. 89.24 , 28. i Psal. 89.33 , 34. k Psal. 146.5 , 6. l Mark. 13.31 . m Iosh. 23.14 . Cōfirmation . Reason 1. n Psal. 94.9 , 10. Non ergò audit , qui ●ecit t●bi unde audias ? & non videt , qu● creavit unde v●deas ? Oculum in te non intendi● suū , qui fecit tuum ? Aug. de verb ▪ Dom , 10. o Iob 35.9 . p Iohn 8.40 , 46. q Psal. 51.6 . Zech. 8.16 . Ephes. 4.25 . Iohn 4 24. r Psal. 89.33 . s 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Psal. 31.5 . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Esai . 65.26 . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Apoc. 3.14 . t 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Deus veritas . Ier. 10.10 . Ioh. 14.6 . u Iam. 1.18 . Apoc. 21.5 . & 22.6 . x Ioh. 17.17 . y Titus 1.1 . z 2 Tim. 2.13 . a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Isidor . Pel. lib. 2. epist. 117. Haec posse impotentia est , Anselm . ●●osil . cap. 7. Nec est infirmitas ista , s●d firmitas , qua ●als● esse non potest Verita● . Magna potentia non posse mentiri , Aug. de Trinit . lib ▪ 15. cap. 14 , 15. Ideo eni●● erè ●mnipotens est , quia impot●ns esse non potest , Gomar . de Provid . cap. 3. b Matth. 7.11 . c 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Sol●●●onus , Matth. ●9 . 17 . d Psalm 5.4 . e 1 Iohn 5.6 , 7. f Vult D●um non esse Deum ▪ qui vult cum aut impotentē , aut injustum ●ss● , aut insip●●●tē , Ber. de Temp. 58. Reason 2. g Esai . 45.7 . Mala ulto●ia , non p●ccatoria : poenae , non culpae ; supplicia , nō delicta , Tertull. in Marc. l. 2. & 3. Mala , non peccata , sed supplicia , Aug. epist. 120. c. 19. Iustitiae , non malitiae mala , quae quia justitiae sunt , nec mala , sed bona sunt , Tertull. ibid. Malum quippe malo non malè redditur . Et ●i cui redditur malū est ; quia supplicium est ; & ei à quo redditur bonum est , quia rectè factū●jus est , Aug. ad ep . Pelag. l. 2. c. 17. h Exod. 34.6 , 7. Psal. 30.5 . & 86.15 . & 103.8 . & 145.8 . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Greg. Naz. Epitaph . Patr. Et piger ad poenas Deus , est ad praemia velox . Ovid . Pont. l. 1. el. 3. i Deu. 29.19 , 20. & 32 ▪ 40 , 41 , 42. k Psal. 68.21 . Mat. 25.46 . l Hebr. 6.17 , 18. Iurat nobis , per quem juramus : nec potest ab eo quisquam ●alli , quo invocato non licet impune mentiri , Athalar . apud Cassiod . var. l. 8. ep . 3. Vse 1. m Psal. 143.1 , 11. n 1 Iohn 1.9 . o Hebr. 6.10 . 2 Thess. 1.6 . 2. Tim. 4.8 . p Bellar. de Iustis . l. 1. c. 21. & l. 5. c. 3 , 16. Rhemēs . in Heb. 6. & 2 Thess. 1. & ●lij . q Apertum est qua ratione Iustitiā Domini petebat , qui dicit , Ne intres in judicium , &c Nam si justitia judicium significasset , hoc petere non poterat , quod pavebat . Cassiodor . in Psal. 142. Et causa reddita est , quare ●oluerit ad judicium venire cum Domino , ut nō sola potestatis reverentia , sed ipsa etiā videatur justitiae regula formidata , ib. * Psal. 143.2 , 8 Nō contendit judicio , nec praetendit justitiam ; recusat judicium , Postu●it mis●ricordiam : faciliu● sibi veniam impetrare posse , quam justitiam vendicare confidens . Bern. ep . 42. Qui & subjungit ; Sola profec●ò quae non solet gloriari , non novit praesumere , contendere non consuevit , gratiam inventura est in oculis pietatis humil●tas . r Psal. 4.1 , 2. Deus juste mi : vel Deus justitia me● , i. causae justae me● , ut Iun. & Piscat . Sic Psal. 119.121 . s Psal. 7.3 , 4 , 8. t Psal. 143.1 . * Veritatē & justitiam pro e●dem accipit , Hugo in Psalm . 142. & ex Cassiodor . Lombard ibid. † Bellar. ipse ex illis verbis Neh. 9.8 . Et implesti verba tua , quoniam justus es , de Iustis . l. 5. c. 16. u 1 Iohn 1.9 . x Ibid. vers . 7. Apoc. 1.5 . y Verba illa , Iustus & Fidelis , referuntu● ad promissionem divinam , Bellar. de Poenit. l. 3. c. 6. z Ideò enim Deus ●idelis & justus dicitur , quia peccata cōfitentibus remitt●t , quia stat promissis , nec fidē fallit . Bellar. ibid. a ●oquitur de remissione venialium , quae justo Dei judicio redditur bonis meritis justortū . Idē de Iustif. l. 1. c. 21. b Promissio de remittendis peccatis , eis qui confitentur Deo , non vid●tur ulla extare in divinis literis , Bellar. ubi . sup . c Hebr. 6.10 . d Manifestè significat eum injustum fore si secus faceret , Bellar. de Iustific . l. 5. c. 16. e Non est temerarium et blasphemū , sed pium & sanctū dicere , D●um fore injustum , si non servaret promissa , ib. f See Durands owne words at large in the end . g 2 Tim. 4.8 . * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Chrys. in Psal 5.12 . h Est quam Paulus expectat corona justitiae , sed justitia Dei , non suae , Iustū quippe est , ut reddat quod debet : d●bet autem quod pollicitus est , Bernard . de Grat. & lib. A●b . i Qui credidit promittenti , 2 Tim. 1.12 . fidenter promissum repetit : promissum quidem ex misericordia , sed jam ex justitia persolvendum . k Et h●c est justitia , de qua praesus mit Apostolus , promissio Dei , Ibid. l Iustè jam & ex debito requiritur , quodcunque vel gratis promittitur , Bern. ib●d . m Quod ex gratia facit Deus , potest non facere . Sed lamen cum promiserit , profecto si non absolutè , certè tamen ratione promissumis & pacti non potest non f●c●re , Bellarm. de Poenit. l. 1. c. 14. n Fulgent ad Monim , praefat . Idem autor est deb●ti , qui autor est doni . Nam & seips●m sua largitate dignatus est facere debitorē Et Gregor . in Euang. hom . 37. Eum cui ipse debitor fuerat , ex promissione debitorem habere jam ceperat . o Audi Dei misericordiam & veritatem . Donator est indulgentiae , redditor coronae . Vnde d●bit●r ? accepit aliquid ? Cui debet aliquid Deus ? Ecce videmus quid tenet eū Paulus debitorē . Consecutus est misericordiā , 1 Tim. 1.16 . Jam exigens veritatem , Reddet , ait , 2 Tim. 2.8 . Quid tibi reddet , nisi quod tibi debet ? Vnde tibi debet ? Quid ei dedisti ? Quis prior deditei & retribueturei ? Debitorem Diminus ipse se fecit , non accipiendo , sed promittendo . August . in Psal. 83. Tenes certum promissorem , qui se fecit promittendo debitorem , Idem in Psalm . 74. Dignaris eis , quibus debita omnia dimittis , etiam promissionibus tuis debit●r fieri . Idem Confess . lib. 5. cap. 9. In his quae habemus laudamus Deum largitorem : in his quae nondum habemus , tenemus debitorem . Debitor enim factus est , non aliquid à nobis accipiendo , sed quod ei placuit promittendo . Idem deverb . Ap. 16. Non debendo , sed promittendo debitorem se fecit , Idem de verb. Dom. 31. Promissorem tenemus , ut debitorem exigamus . Promissor Deus debiter factus est bonitate sua , non praerogantia nostra , Idem de Temp. 151. p Ius meum voluntas judicis mei . Quid justius meritum ? Quid ditus ad praemium ? Bern. in Cant. 14. Et Chrysost. in Psalm . 143. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . q Aliter dicimus homini , debes mihi , quia dedi tibi , & aliter d●cimus , Debes mihi , quia promisisti mihi . Ibi à te processit beneficium , sed mutuatum , non donatum . Hic tu nihil dedisti , & tamen exigis . Bonitas enim ejus , qui promisit , dabit ; ne in malitiam fides convertatur . Qui autem fallit , malus est . Augustin . de verb. Apost . 16. r Deo igitur quid dicimus ? Redde mihi quia dedi tibi ? Quid dedimꝰ Deo , quando totum quod sumus boni , ab illo habemus ? Non est quemadmodum ista voce exigamus debitorē Deum . Quis enim prior dedit ei , &c. illo ergò modo possumus exigere Dominum nostrū ut dicamus ; Redde quod promisisti , quia fecimus quod jussisti , & hoc tu secisti , qui laborantes j●visti , August . de verb. Ap. 16. Non possumus ei dicere , Redde quod accepisti , sed possumus dicere , Redde quod promisisti , Idem in Psal. 83. et de verb. Dom. 31. Hoc est quod ex L●mb . Tho. Bradward . de caus . Dei , l. 1. c. 39. Non esse Debitorem nobis Deū nisi ex promisso , non ex commisso . Non est debiter nobis , nisi sortè ex promisso : nes verò e● ex commisso debitores sumus , L●mbard . Sent. lib. 1. d ▪ 43. s Omnis enim vera promissio sor● secum obligationem : & ideo ex justitia implenda & servanda est , Bellarm. de Iustific . lib. 5. cap. 16. Et hoc est quod Ambros. de Poenit. lib ▪ 2. cap. 8. Tanquam ex Syngrapha fides impetrat . Ita Da●id , Psalm . 119.49 , 50. Vse 2. t Heb. 13.5 , 6. u Gen. 28.15 . x Iosh. 1.5 . y 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Hebr. 13.5 . Negativa , quod rarissimum est , ter repetita ut confirmatissima sit stipulatio divina . z Hebr. 13.6 . a Psal. 23.1 . b Psalm . 27.1 . & 118.6 . c Psal. 31.5 . d 2 Tim. 2 8. e Esai . 28.16 . f Non praefestinabit , i. ex infid●l●tate & impatientia ad res praesentes cōf●giet , Iun. g Sicut natare nescij ubi mergi jam cep●rint , quicquid occurrit , vitae retinendae cupid● , temerè arripiunt , Cyrill . Alex. epist. 29. Similes his qui submersi periclitantur in aquis , quos tenere ▪ videas , quicquid primum oc●urrerit manibus , licet tale sit , quod omnino prodesse non possit , Ber. de Temp. 1. h 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Luk. 12.29 . Animi pendere , & dubi● ac suspens● animo esse , Beza . Sic 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Thucydid . l. 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , i. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , vel 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Vti rectè H. Steph. Nam fru●ir● est ibi Schol. qui de sp● exponit , quasi spe erectum esse . Imò , inter spemque metumque dub●um esse . Strigel . Atque ita Thucyd. l. 6. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Neque rempub . dubiam & quasi pendulam in discrimen adducere . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Schol. i 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . k Ne in aere vagamini cogitati●nibus vestris , Pis●at . l Matth. 6.25 . Luk. 12.29 . m Psal. 37.3 . 2 Sam. 10.12 . n 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 : solicitudo diligentiae : quae praecipitur , & probatur ▪ 1 Tim. 5.8 . o 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ▪ solicitudo diffi●ē●iae , quae prohib●tur & damnatur , Phil. 4 6. p Psa. 37.5 . & 55.22 . 1 Pet. 5.7 . q Psa. 34 9 , 10. & 37.25 , 26. & 84.11 , 12. r Deut. 32.4 . 1 Thess. 5.24 . 2 Thess. 3.3 . s Psal. 18.30 . & 34.22 . Fruit and Effect of Gods Goodnesse . Particular , 4. I●cobs Penurie , Observ. 5. t 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Chrysost. Quomodò missi Apostoli Marc. 6.8 . In baculo suo , i. sine ulla supellectile , sine divitijs , sine armentis & pecudibus , sine servis , solo baculi comitatu , Ol●ast . u Genes . ●8 . 10 . x 2 Sam. 7.18 . Reason 1. y Primus vermis divitiarum sup●rbia , Aug. de Temp. 205. Omne pomum , omne granum , omne framentum , omne 〈◊〉 habet ▪ vermē suum . Alius est vermis mali , ali●● pyri , alius p●si , alius tritici . V●rmis divitiarum est superbia Idem hom●l . 13. z Psa. 131.1 . Morbus divitiarum est superbia . Grandis animus , est , qui inter divitias isto morbo non tenetur : Magnus dives est , & major divitis suis , qui non ideò magnum se putat , quia dives est , Idem de Temp. 212. Ardua enim res est , opibus non tradere mores , Martial . l. 11. Epigr. 6. Reason 2. Vse 1. a Psal. 113.7 . * Humili loco natus homo , vbi ad dignitatem aliqu●m ascēderit , genus suum audire ●rūbes●it , patrem agnoscere dedignatur , Autor oper . imperf . Chrysost. ●om . hom . 54. b De Largio Macedone , Plin. ep . 14. l. 3. Superbus Dominus & saevu● , & qui servisse patrem suum , parum , imò minimum meminisset . c Prov. 30.21.22 . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Sol●● . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 &c. Th●●g . quod tamen Ho●●r● tribuit ▪ Pind●ri Schol. Olymp. 13. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Thucydid . quod tamen ille de civitatibus extulit . ●ell . P●lop . lib. 3. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ▪ Phil●stus apud Clement . Alexandr : Strom. lib ▪ ● . Sed & Aristot. apud St●b . cap. 3. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ▪ ●sperius nihil est humili cum surgit in altum — nec ●ellu● tetrior ulla est ▪ Quam servi rabies in libera colla farentis , Claud. in Eutrop. lib. 1. Divite novilio nihil est insolentius . Ruffinus Vibi●s apud M. 〈…〉 . 9. Quantum ingenium est , compertum habeo , humillimos qu●sque maximè ubi alta accesserint ▪ superbia atque ambitione immodicos esse . ● Aurel. Victor . in Dioclet . d 1 Samuel 15.17 . Parvulum se prius in ocul●● suis vider●● ▪ sed full●● 〈…〉 , jam se parvulum non videbut . Mir● autem m●d● cum apud s● 〈◊〉 ▪ apud Deum magnus ; cum verò apud se magnus apparuit , apud Deum parvulus fuit , Gregor . de Pastor . part . 2. cap. 6. q. d. Magnus mihi fuis●i , qu●a despectui tibi : sed nunc quia magnus tibi es , factus es despectus mihi . Idem Moral . lib. 18. cap. 22. Vnde enim despectus erigitur , dignum est , ut ●rectus inde des●r●●tur , Ibidem lib. 9. Cap. 1. e Luk. ● . 51 , 52. Sequitur superb● ultor à tergo Deus , Sen. Herc. Eur. 22. f Pro. 16.18 . & 18.12 . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Greg. Naz. Stelit . 1. Itaque quod apud Pindar . Olymp. 13. vi●go legitur , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , H. Steph. Sched . lib. 5. ca. 14. sanius legit , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Alta praesumptio quid nisi ruinosa est praecipiratio ? Bern. de Cōsid . l. 2. Illa prorsus ruina quae fit in occulto , praecedit ruinam quae fit in manifesto . Ipsum quippe extolli jam dejici est , Aug. de Civit. l. 14. c. 13. Allevatio ipsa ruina est , Greg. Registr . lib. 1. ep . 5. Elatio siquidē de extollit , dejicit , Idē . Mor. l. 23. c. 16. g Matth. 23.12 . Luke 14.11 . & 18.14 . h Miserum est fuisse foelicem . i Psal. 49.12 , 13. k De excelso gravior est casus : de alto ruina major , Bernard . ad S●ror . cap. 39. Quo gradus altior , eo casus gravior . Ocul . Mor. cap. 12. Et gravius summo culmine missa ruunt . l Proverb . 25.7 . Luke 14.8 , 9 , 10. m Multipliciter miser sum , si nec miserabilis sum , Bernard . epist. 12. Sisque miser semper , sed nec miserabilis ulli , Ovid. in Ibin . Miserum esse , nec miserabilem , est miserrimum . n 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Gregor . Nazianz. de Pace 3. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Idem de Bapt. Neque enim ulla miseratio contingit illis , qui patiuntur injurias , qua● posse fieri faciendo docuerunt , Senec. epist. 81. * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Plut. in Praecept . Polit. Vse 2. o 1 Tim. 6.19 . Psal. 75.4 , 5. Altus sedens , altum sapiens ne sis , Bern. de Cōsider . l. 2. p Psal. 123.4 . 1 Sam. 25.10 . q Quid fueris cogites , non quid sis . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Greg. Naz. de Bapt. Quā mulla consecutus sis r●co●d●r● . Quid tibicū caeteris ? te ipse antecessisti , S●n. epist. 8● . r En quis es ? Sed noli oblivisci etiam quid fueris . Opportunè enim cum eo quod es , etiam quod ante eras , consideras . N●n opo●tet ut illa extundat istam ins●rutinio tui , Ber. de Consider . l. 2. s 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Plut. de Laud. sui , & in Ap●p●th . Fa●a est fic● libus coenasse Agat●●clea Regem ; Atque abacū Samio saepe onerasse luto . Quaerenticausā respond●t , Rex ego sum Sicaniae , figuto sum genitore satus , Auson . Epigr. 8. t Haec te consideratio ten●at intra te , nec ●volare sinat a te , Bern. de Cons●d . lib. 2. u 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Synes . epist. 24. Fortunam reverenter habe , quicunque repente Dives , ab exili progrediere loco , ● Auson . ibid. Tenor idem animi m●resque modesti Fortuna crescente maneant . Stat. 1. Sylv. Particular 5. Gods Bounty . Observ. 6 , a Psalm . 113.7 , 8. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Diō . Chrys. orat . 64. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Plut. sup . figulo genitore satus , Auson . * 1 Sam. 2.6 . b 1 Sam. 9.3 . & 10.1 . d Psal. 78.70 , 71. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Greg. Naz. in Arian . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ; Dion . Chrys. orat . 64. e Eccles. 4.14 . f Genes . 41.14 , 41. & 45.9 . Psal. 105.17 — 22. c 1 Sam. 16.11 , 13. g Deo nihil d●fficil● , Tertul. ad Prax. h Psal. 75.7 . Reason 1. i Psal. 22.28 . Apoc. 11.15 . k Dan. 4.22 ▪ Ier. 27.5 . Ille r●gni dispensat , cujus est & or●●s qui regnatur , & homo qui regnat , Tertull. Apolog. l 1 Chron. 29.11 , 12. Reason 2. m Hagg. 2.8 . n 1 Chron. 29 . 1● . o Psal. 24.1 . 1 ▪ Cor. 10.26 , 28. p Psal. 50.12 . q Matth. 4.9 . Luk. 4.6 . r Matth. 8.31 . Luk. 8.32 . Vse 1. s 1 Tim. 6.17 . t 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Greg. N●z . de Ira Praesid ▪ & pro Pauper ▪ & epist. 51. u Plus crede literis scriptis in glacie , quam mundi fragilis vanae fallaciae , Bern. ad Map●s . de Contempt . Mundi . x Invento , & rapida scribere oportet aqua ▪ Cat●ll . y Iovem , qui donat & ausert , Horat . epist. 18. Qui dedit hoc hodie , cras , si volet , auseret idem , Ibid. 15. Dari bonum quod potuit , auserri potest , Lucil. Sen. ep . 8. z Iob 1.21 . a Qui elevarit , & dejicere potest , Ber. de Consid. l. 2. Psal. 73.18 . & 102.10 . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Hesio. oper . 1. b Corporalia facilius destruuntur quam construantur : Spiritualia facilius construuntur quam destruantur , Innocent . 3. Decretal . l. 1. tom . 7. c. 2. c Esset aliquod imbecillitatis nostrae rerumque nostrarum solatium , si tam tat dè perirent cuncta quam fiunt . Nunc incrementa lentè exeunt ; festinatur in damnū , Sen. ep . 91. Quicquid longa series , multis laboribus , multa numinis indulgentia struxit , id unus dies spargit & dissipat , Ibid. Vincendo didici magna momento obrui , Agamemn . Sen. Troad . 2.2 . d Eccles. 4.14 . e 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Nicet . & Glycas . f Iob 1.3 , 13 — 17. Nempe dat , & quod●unque libet fortuna ( Deus ipse ) rapitque : Ir●s & est subtò , qui modo Croesus erat , Ovid. Trist. 3.7 . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Chrysost. in Oziam 4. Vse 2. g Psal. 62.10 . h 2 Chron. 25.9 . i Gen. 31.41 , 42. k 2 Cor. 9.8 , 11. l Num. 11.23 . Esai . 50.2 . & . 59.1 . m Psal. 18.21 . n Psal. 37.17 , 22. Exod. 1.11 , 12. Vse 3. o 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Theophil . epist. 2. p 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Greg. Naz. ad Doarens . q Gen. 17.1 . r Act. 24.16 . s 1 Cor. 7.24 . t Exod. 1.20 , 21. u Deut. 28.8 . x Iob 8.7 . Ex minimis seminibus nascuntur ing●ntia . Flumina magna vides parvis de fontibus orta , Ovid. Remed . l. 1. y Iob 42.10 , 11 , 12. Vse 4. a H●bb●c . 1.16 . b Iob 31.27 . c Deut. 8.17 . d Prov. 10.22 . e Psalm . 127.1 , 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Greg. Naz. f Deut 8.18 . g Habes mul●a , Luke 12.19 . h Satis habeo , G●n . 33.9 . i Iob 1.21 . k 1 Chron. 29 16. l Gen. 24.35 . * Gen. 33.5 . m Gen. 33.11 . n Grati●● pro gratia r●seramus , & su●e redd●●tur ●●igim fluenta gratiae , ut uberius flu●●t . Alioqu●●isi ad fo●tem redeant , exiccantur , Bernard . de Temp. 91. o Amn● sequatur qui v●am vult ad mare , Pla●t . p Origo fontium & fl●viorum omnium mare est , d●●orum & bon●rum omnium Domi●us Deus . Bona omnia fontis illius sunt rivuli . Q●odsi copiae aquar●● secretis subterraneis recursibus incessanter aequ●ra repetunt , & inde rursus advisu● ususque nostros jugi & insatigabili ●rumpunt obsequi● : Cur non etiam spirituales rivi & arva m●ntium rigare non des●●ant , proprio fonti sine fraude & intermissione reddantur ? Bern. in Cant. 13. q Eccles. 1.7 . Fretum de tota Flumina terra Accipit , Ovid. Met. lib. 4. Quisnam est is fluvius , quem non recipiat mare ? Plaut . Curcul . 1. r 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Greg. Naz. epist. 79. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Idem de Bapt. s 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Idem de pace 3. Facit idem quod illi , qui inscriptum è portu exp●rt a●t clanculum , ●e s●lvant p●rtorium . Lucil. Satyr . lib. 27. t 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Idem pro Pa●per . u 1 Chron. 29.16 . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Idem ibid. De su● p●scit , non de tuo . Omnia eni●●●u●●abes , ab illo habe● , August ▪ in Psalm . 102. Ho●● 〈◊〉 suum r●ddit ; Dominus suum recipit , Salv. ad Eccles. lib. 1. x Matth. 25.35 . z Genes . 28.22 . a Act. 17.25 . Ipsa suis p●llens ●pibu● , nihil indiga nostri , Manil. b 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Greg. Naz. in Basil. Et ad Basil. epist. 25. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . c Malac. 3.10 . d 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Greg. Naz. pro Pauper . y Malach. 3.8 , 10. e Ad illius gloriam omnia referas : & illuc unde flumina exeunt , revertantur , Petr. Bles. in Canon . Episc . f Quicquid feceris propter Deum facias ; & ad locum , unde exeunt , gratiae revertantur , ut iterum fluant , Bern. de Temp. 14. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Greg. Naz. pro Pauper . g Rom. 11.36 . Notes for div A01537-e49420 a Aristot. Ethic. lib. 8. cap. 14. b Math. 20.15 ▪ c Iob 1.21 . d Iam. 1.12 .