The tryall of a Christians growth in mortification, purging out corruption, or vivification, bringing forth more fruit a treatise handling this case, how to discerne our growth in grace : affording some helps rightly to judge thereof by resolving some tentations, clearing some mistakes, answering some questions, about spiritual growth : together with other observations upon the Parable of the vine, John 15. 1, 2 verses / by Tho. Goodwin. Goodwin, Thomas, 1600-1680. 1650 Approx. 299 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 61 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2007-10 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A41536 Wing G1262 ESTC R10593 12198928 ocm 12198928 56064 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A41536) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 56064) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 763:10) The tryall of a Christians growth in mortification, purging out corruption, or vivification, bringing forth more fruit a treatise handling this case, how to discerne our growth in grace : affording some helps rightly to judge thereof by resolving some tentations, clearing some mistakes, answering some questions, about spiritual growth : together with other observations upon the Parable of the vine, John 15. 1, 2 verses / by Tho. Goodwin. Goodwin, Thomas, 1600-1680. [4], 110, [6] p. Printed by J.G. for R. Dawlman, London : 1650. Reproduction of original in the University of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign Campus). Library. 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Christian life -- Early works to 1800. 2006-01 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2006-01 Aptara Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2007-01 Ali Jakobson Sampled and proofread 2007-01 Ali Jakobson Text and markup reviewed and edited 2007-02 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion THE TRYALL OF A CHRISTIANS GROWTH IN Mortification , OR Purging out Corruption . Vivification , OR Bringing forth more fruit . A Treatise handling this CASE , How to discerne our Growth in GRACE : Affording some Helps rightly to judge thereof , BY Resolving some Tentations , Clearing some Mistakes , Answering some Questions , About Spirituall Growth . Together with some Observations upon the Parable of the Vine , John 15. 1 , 2. verses . By THO : GOODWIN , B. D. 2 COR. 7. 1. Let us cleanse our selves from all filthinesse of flesh and spirit , perfecting holinesse in the feare of God. LONDON , Printed by J. G. for R. Dawlman , 1650. TO THE READER . THis following Treatise [ The Tryall of a Christians Growth ] was formerly printed during the time of my absence out of my native Country : and by reason thereof had many imperfections and incongruities both in style and matter ; which , now being againe ( through the good hand of God upon me ) returned , I have endeavoured to amend . So as partly through some alteration in the method and frame of it , partly by cutting off some redundancies , I have reduced it to some better shape , and neerer proportion to its fellowes . The scope and way of handling this subject [ Growth ] is not Doctrinall so much , nor yet Hortatory , as either perswading to , or discoursing of a Christians growth in generall , ( concerning which much hath been already written by others ) But the more proper aime of this is to resolve A Case of Conscience , ( like as those two other preceding Tractates of mine have done ) namely this , How to discern our growth , and to answer more usuall temptations about it : And so these three Treatises being of like sort and kinde , and properly belonging to that part of Theologie which we call Case Divinity ; I have therefore in this new Edition of the whole ordered to put them together , ( which is all the alteration I have made ) although in their first and single publishing some other came between . If in the performance this falls short of many more raised experiments of Growth which are found in such as the Apostle John calls Fathers , elderly Christians , who with Enoch have walked long with God ; yet I have hoped that you that are young men ( as he also styles the middle sort of Christians ) that you may finde many things helpfull to your right understanding and judging of your growth , and which may free you from many mistakes in mis-judging thereof , and so consequently of many tentations about it , which that Age of Beleevers are more peculiarly incident unto . I dare not say , I write these things to you Fathers , I never presumed it in my thoughts ; I my selfe wrote and preached it when I was but young in years , and for the time far younger in grace and experience . And I dare not ( if the great Apostle would not ) stretch my selfe beyond that measure which God hath distributed to me . A measure , which , yet , may reach you that are young men , though more eminent grown Christians are gone far beyond the line of it . The God of grace and peace grant us and all his children spirits endeavouring to speak the truth in love ( in these dividing times ) that we may grow up into him in all things , who is the Head , even Christ . April 26. 1643. Tho : Goodwin . THE TRYALL OF A CHRISTIANS GROWTH . AN INTRODVCTION . Some OBSERVATIONS premised upon this Parable of the VINE , JOHN 15. 1 , 2. I am the true Vine , and my Father is the Husbandman . Every branch in me that beareth not fruit , he taketh away : and every branch that beareth fruit , he purgeth it , that it may bring forth more fruit . The summe and division of the words , and subject of this Discourse . A Faire and fruitfull Parable this is , spread forth into many Branches . In which , under the pleasant shadow of a Vine , ( upon occasion they had but newly been reall partakers of his blood in the fruit of the Vine ) Christ elegantly sets forth himself in his relation to his visible Church , and the estate of his Apostles , and in them , of all visible Professors to the end of the world : Shewing withall under that similitude , what his Father meant to doe with Judas , now gone out to betray him ; as with all other unfruitfull branches like unto him , even cut them off , and throw them into the fire . But on the contrary , encouraging them , and all other fruitfull branches , that they should still continue to abide in him , with promise , that they should yet bring forth more fruit . The Parable hath three Parts : 1. A Vine here is , of all the fairest , ver . 1. 2. A Husbandman , of all the carefullest . 3. The end of planting this Vine , fruitfulnesse . First , this Vine , as all Vines else , hath two sorts of branches : 1. Such as ( though greene ) bring forth no true fruit , nought but leaves . 2. Such as bring forth fruit , ver . 2. The Husbandman hath answerably offices of two sorts towards them both , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , which is a witty Paranomasia , Amputare & Putare , to Lop and Cut off . First , clean to cut off those that are utterly unfruitfull , which thereupon are cast out , doe wither , and are gathered and cast into the fire : So ver . 2. & 6. And thus now he meant to deale with Judas . But 2. to Purge , and but lop off the luxuriancies , and too much runnings out of the fruitfull branches into springs , which they are subject to . Thirdly , his end in all is , that fruit , and more fruit might be brought forth . This is his end of planting this Vine , this is the end of purging these branches of it , which he being frustrated of , in those other , is the cause why he takes them cleane away . And to exhort these unto fruitfulnesse , was one main end of Christs using this Parable , and unto this tends all in the following verses , either as meanes or motives unto fruitfulnesse . First , as meanes , 1. He assures them of their being in the state of grace , verse 3. Assurance is a means of fruitfulnesse . He speaks of Purging them by his word , in the same verse ; Ye are cleane through the word I have spoken to you : This is a means he further useth . 3. He inculcates into them the sense of their owne inability to doe any thing without him , ver . 5. 4. Therefore to abide in him , and suck from him , ver . 5. 5. And to let his Word abide in them , by which himselfe shall also abide in them , and by which they may still be purged , and so be fruitfull . The motives are , 1. If not , they know their doome , to the fire with them , ver . 6. 2. If they doe , their prayers shall be granted , ver . 7. 3. Hereby his Fathers is glorified , ver . 8. 4. They shall shew themselves his Disciples , ver . 8. 5. They shall continue in his love , who loves them as dearly as his father doth him , ver . 9 , 10. And so you have the summe of all this Parable . The principall subject I aime at in this Scripture , is this maine case of Conscience , which useth to be the exercise , and inquisition of many good souls , How a Christian may discerne his growth , both in purging out corruptions , and increase of grace , and the fruit of it . Therefore what ever other spreading fruitfull observations grow upon this stock , ( and this Vine affords many ) wee will but shortly , and as men in haste , view and take notice of , but as in our way to that other which I principally intend , and onely so far stay upon the observation of them , as the bare opening this similitude here used , doth give sap and vigour to them . The first Observation , how Christ is a Vine , and onely the true Vine . First , Christ , he is a Vine . To explaine this first . Adam indeed was a Vine , planted in Paradise , to beare all Mankinde upon , but he turned a wild one , he proved not the true Vine . God planted him ( to allude to that , Jer. 2. 21. ) A noble Vine , a holy and right seed , but he degenerated , and so have all engraffed on him , and so bring forth nothing but grapes of Sodome , as Isaiah speakes . But 2. God the Father having many branches of chosen ones , that grew by nature on this cursed stock of Adam , whom yet , as ver . 16. he had ordained to bring forth fruit , that is , to spring and spread forth in the earth in all ages , and then to be transplanted unto Heaven , the Paradise appointed for them ; the earth being but the nurserie of them for a while : Hence therefore he did appoint his own Sonne to be a new root , as into whom he meant to transplant them , and ordained him to be that bulk , and body , and chiefe branch which they all should grow out of , who is therefore called The roote of David , Rev. 22. and that Righteous branch , Jer. 22. 6. Whom therefore 3. he planted as a roote here on earth with us , and cloathed with a humane nature , a weak and mean bark and body , and a rind and out side , such as ours is ; that so both roote and branches might be of the same nature , and Homogeneall : which nature of ours in him , he likewise filled with his Spirit ( as with juice and sap ) without all measure , that so he might fructifie , and grow into all those branches appointed to be in him , by communicating the same spirit to them . And 4. although he was of himselfe the fairest Cedar that ever the earth bare , yet in relation to those multitude of branches , he was to bear , chuseth to be a Vine , which is of all trees the lowest , the weakest , and of the meanest bark , and out-side of any other , onely because of all others it is the plentifullest of branches , and runs out and spreads its bulk in branches ; and those , of all branches else of any other trees , the fruitfullest , it is therefore called The fruitfull Vine , Psal . 128. 3. and for that reason onely doth he single out this comparison , as suiting with his scope , shewing therein his love ; that as he condescended to the lowest condition , for our salvation , so to the meanest resemblances for our instruction , yet so as withall he tells us , that no Vine , nor all the Vines on earth were worthy herein to be compared , nor to be so much as resemblances of him . For he , and he alone is the true Vine , that is the second Observation . For take those choicest excellencies in a Vine , for which the comparison here is made , as more particularly , that of fruitfulnesse either in boughs or fruit , and it is but a shadow of that which is in him . As God onely is [ I am that I am , ] and all things else have but the shadow of Being : so Christ alone hath onely all the excellencies in him in the true reall nature of all things to which he is compared . So in like manner he is said to be Bread indeed , John 6. 55. and ver . 32. The true bread from heaven . Manna , and all other meat , and all that sweetnesse which is in meat , is and was but a shadow to that which he affords . He excells and exceeds all things he is compared to , in what they have , and they are but shadowes to him , Heb. 10. 1. First therefore , never any Vine so fruitfull . All our fruit is found in him , Hos . 12. If you abide in me , you shall bring forth much fruit . He hath juice to supply you with every grace , to fill you with all the fruits of righteousnesse , which if the branches want , it is for want of faith in themselves , to draw from him , not want of sap in him . Secondly , this he is at all times , hath been in all ages , thus flourishing ; this root never withers ; is never dry or empty of sap , it is never winter with Christ . Every branch , saith the second verse , that is , every one that hath born fruit in any age , beareth all its fruit in him : branches in him fear no drought , Jer. 17. 8. Thirdly , for largenesse of spreading , no such Vine as this : He ( as the Psalmist sayes , Psal . 80. 11 , 12. ) sends out his boughes unto the sea , and his branches to the rivers : all the earth is , or hath been , or shall be filled with them . Is to perswaded us to take Christ alone , and make him our All in all , because in him all excellencies are supereminently found . All creatures are not enough to serve for comparisons to set him forth , and when they doe in part , for some particular thing that is the excellentest in them , yet therein they are but shadowes , Heb. 10. 1. He onely is the truth , he is the true light , John 1. The Baptist , Moses , and all lights else were but as twilight , but a shadow : So he is the true bread , the true Vine , he hath really the sweetnesse , the comfort , the excellencies of them all . The like may be said of all those relations he hath taken on him ; so he onely is a true Father , and Husband , &c. and the love and sweetnesse in all other Fathers and Husbands are but a shadow to what is in him . Obser . 2. How the Father is the Husbandman . As CHRIST is thus a Vine , so his Father is the Husbandman , and as strange a Husbandman as Christ a Vine . For first , he is the very root of the Vine it self , which no Husbandman is to any Vine ; therefore he that is the Vine calls the Husbandman his Father , My Father is the Husbandman . This Vine springs out of his bosome by eternall generation , for this is the derivation of our Off-spring , Chap. 14. 20. I am in my Father , and you in me . And Chap. 5. 26. The Father , He hath life ( originall ) in himselfe , and gives it to the Sonne , and the Sonne to us , and thence spring living fruits , the fruits of righteousnesse . 2. He is the ingraffer , and implanter of all the branches into this Vine . Esay 60. 21. he calls them his righteous people , [ the branch of my planting ] the work of my hands . Other Husbandmen doe but expect what branches their Vines will of themselves bring forth , but God appoints who , and how many shall be the branches , and gives them unto , and ingraffs them into his Sonne . 3. He appoints what fruit , and what store of fruit these branches shall bring forth , and accordingly gives the increase , which other Husbandmen cannot doe : Paul my plant , and Apollos may water , but God onely gives the increase , 1 Cor. 3. 7. Though Christ merited , yet the Father decreed every mans measure of fruitfulnesse . 4. He is the most diligent Husbandman that ever was ; for he knowes , and daily views , and takes notice of every branch , and of all their fruit : for sayes the Text , Every branch that brings not forth fruit , he takes away , &c. therefore knowes who beareth fruit , and doth not . He knowes their persons , who are his , and who are not , 2 Tim. 2. 19. not so much as one man could come in without a wedding garment , but he spies him out . 5. The most carefull he is daily to purge his Vine : so says the second verse . And of all possessions , saith Cato , Nulla possessio majorem operam requirit , Vineyards need as much care , and more then any other . The Corne , when it is sowne , comes up , and growes alone , and ripeneth , and comes to perfection , the Husbandman sleeping and waking , he knowes not how , saith Christ : But Vines must be drest , supported , sheltred , pruned , well-nigh every day . And of all trees God hath most care of his Vines , and regards them more then all the rest in the world . Is to honour the Father in all the workes tending to our salvation , as much as we honour the Son : If Christ be the Vine , his Father meanes to be the Husbandman : and indeed it may teach us to honour all the three Persons in every work that is saving , for in all , they bear a distinct office ; the Father hath not onely a hand in Election , but also in Sanctification , concerning which this Parable was made . If Christ be the roote that affords us sap , whence all fruit buds , the Father is the Husbandman that watereth the Vine , gives the increase , purgeth the branches , and is the root of that life which Christ affords to us : and then the Spirit also comes in to have a work and influence herein also ; for he is the sap , though not here mentioned , yet which is implyed , which lies hid in this Parable of the Vine , and appeares in all the fruits that are brought forth , therefore called , Gal. 5. Fruits of the Spirit . None of the three Persons will be left out in any relation , or in any work , that is for our salvation . That ever three so great Persons should have a joynt care of our salvation and sanctification , and we our selves neglect it ! That they should be so carefull , we so negligent and unfruitfull ! If they doe all so much for us , what should not we endeavour to do for our selves ? Be carefull of your words , thoughts , wayes , affections , desires , all which are the fruits of your soules ; for God takes notice of all , he walkes in this his garden every day , and spies out how many raw , unripe , indigested performances , as Prayers , &c. hang on such or such a branch , what gum of pride , what leaves , what luxuriant sprigs , what are rotten boughs , and which are sound , and goes up and down with his pruning knife in his hand , and cuts and slashes where he sees things amisse ; he turnes up all your leaves , sees what fruit is under ; and deals with men accordingly . When the Church is in any distresse or misery , goe to him that is the Husbandman ; such is the usuall condition of this his Vine , spread over the face of the earth . Complain as they , Psal . 80. 12. Why hast thou broken down her hedges , so as all they which passe by doe pluck her ? the boare out of the wood doth waste it . Complain to him that the hogs are in his Vineyard , and doe much havock and spoile therein ; and tell him that he is the Husbandman , who should take care for it . So they go on to pray , Returne , we beseech thee O God of Hosts , looke downe from heaven , behold and visit this Vine , and the Vineyard which thy right hand hath planted , v. 14 , 15. 3. Obs . Two sorts of branches in this Vine , fruitfull and unfruitfull : and the difference between temporary and true Beleevers , as they are laid downe in the Text. We see this Vine hath branches of two sorts , fruitfull and unfruitfull , which is the third thing to be observed . And herein our Saviour followeth the similitude ; for experience shews the like in Vines . And writers of Vines observe it , and accordingly distinguish the branches of Vines into Pampinarios , which bring forth naught but leaves , and Fructuarios , which bring forth fruit . The unfruitfull they are such as make profession of being in Christ to themselves and others , and receive some greennesse from him , but no true fruit : for their profession they are branches , for their emptinesse , unfruitfull ones . The onely question is , How such as prove unfruitfull , are said to be branches , and to be in Christ ; Every branch in me , &c. Many comparisons there are of Christ , as he stands in various relations to his Church : whereof some serve to expresse one thing concerning him , some another . That of a Vine , here presents him onely as he was to spread himselfe into a visible Church on earth , in the profession of him : and so considered , he may have many branches that are unfruitfull . That other of An head over all the family in heaven and earth , which imports his relation onely to that invisible company of his Church mysticall , which together make up that generall assembly spoken of in Heb. 12. which are his fulnesse , Eph. 1. ult . And agreeable to this meaning , in comparing himselfe to a Vine , in this large and common relation of a root to both sorts of Professors , true and false , is that other expression also , whereby he sets forth his Fathers office , when he calls him not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , a Vine-dresser , or a tiller of a Vineyard , in a strict sense , as Luke 13. 7. but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , ( as it were at large , ) the Husbandman : As thereby denoting out , not simply and alone , that peculiar care that he hath to true beleevers onely , that are branches of this Vine , ( though including it ) but withall importing that common care and providence which he beares to others of his creatures ; and this because some of these branches of this Vine , are to him but as others out of the Church and of no more reckoning with him . The Fathers relation herein , answering to , and in a proportion running parallel along with that which Christ beares towards them : Those that Christ is head unto , those he is a Father unto : Those whom Christ is but as a Vine unto , Christ he is but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , an Husbandman unto , whose office is seene , as well in cutting off such branches , as in pruning and dressing of those other . These unfruitful ones are not in Christs account , reckoned as true branches here : For in the 5. verse , he calls those Disciples of his that were there and then present with him , ( when now Judas was gone forth afore , as appears Chap. 13. 30. ) them onely The branches : and therefore repeats it there again , I am the Vine , with this addition , Ye are the branches . Implying hereby , that as he is the true Vine , so that these onely were the true branches ; the other he calls but [ 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ] as a branch , ver . 6. Hee is cast forth ( as a ) branch , giving them the name of branches , thereby the better to expresse his Fathers dealing with such , that as they that are dressers of a Vineyard , use to doe with such branches , so my Father with them : but they themselves are but Tanquams , Quasi palmites , As branches ; not really and in truth such . That expression which seems most to make for it , is that in the second verse , when he sayes , Every branch [ in me ] that beareth not fruit , but those words [ in me ] may as well , yea rather be understood to have reference to their not bringing forth fruit [ in him ] then to their being properly branches [ in him : ] so as the meaning should be , they are branches that bring not forth fruit in me . Though they doe some good , yet it is not fruit ; if so [ not in me : ] though from mee , and from my assistance . And so his meaning is not so much to declare tha● they are branches in him , as that they bring not for fruit in him . Which indeed is one of the characteristicall differences between true and unsound branches , and one maine scope of the parable ; and this the Syriack translation makes for also , and confirms it , Omnem palmitem qui in me non fert fructum , Every branch which in me bringeth not forth fruit . And there is this reason that this should be his meaning , that He never reckoned them at all true branches ; Because that is the difference God puts betweene these and those other , that Those that bring forth fruit , his Father purgeth , that they may bring forth more fruit . He lets them not run so far out into sin , as to become altogether unfruitfull : But these he takes away : So as true branches were never unfruitfull . The Use is to stir up all that professe themselves to be in Christ , to examine whether they be true genuine branches of this true Vine or no. Here in this Kingdome , Christ is spread forth into a faire and pleasant Vine in shew , as this earth affords : But if we Ministers were able with this Husbandman here , to turne up the leaves of formall profession , and looke with his eyes , we should discerne that there are but a few true branches indeed to be found in flourishing Congregations , as Isaiah foretold there should be in Israel , Isa . 17. 5 , 6. Like the gleaning grapes , two or three in the top of the uppermost bough , foure or five in the outmost fruitfull branches . Now for a generall help to discerne whether you be true branches , consider , that union with Christ is it that makes men branches , that is , men are accounted branches of Christ in regard of some union with him : and such as their union is , such also is their communion with him , and accordingly such branches are they , and such their fruit . 1. Some ( and indeed the most ) are united to him but by the externall tye of the outward Ordinances , such as their obligation made in Baptisme : and are knit to him thereby , no otherwise then many graffs are , that do not take or thrive in their stocks , onely stand there as bound about by a thread ; and sutable is their communion with him , even wholly externall : they continuing to partake of the outward ordinances , but without any sap or inward influence derived , without any inward work of the Spirit , or stirring of affection : And answerable also is their fruit , when no other are found on them , but such as you shall finde grow in the waste of the wildernesse among Heathens , which ingenuity and modesty , and naturall honesty and naturall conscience do bring forth : but not any such , as an inward sap from Christ useth to produce . Civill men are not true branches ; for look on Christ the root , and see what fruits abounded in him most , as fruits of holinesse did ; and therefore if such were true branches , the same would abound in them likewise : for every tree brings forth according to its kind . 2. You have some ( they living in the Church ) Christ begins to shoot some sap of his Spirit into their hearts , quickning them with many good motions , and stirring up some juicenesse of affections in the administration of the Word and Sacraments , which causes them to bud forth into good inward purposes , and outward good beginnings : but this being not the communication of the Spirit , as sanctifying and changing the branch into the same nature with the root , therefore it comes to passe they are still nipt in the bud , as the stony ground was , and the sap stricken in again , like rath ripe fruit ; which looking forth upon a February Sun , are nipt againe with an April frost . Many , when young , and their affections are green and tender , are wrought upon , and bud , but the scoffes of men nip them , and their lusts draw the sap another way , as hopes of preferment , and the pleasures of sinne , and so these buds wither and fall off , and the Spirit withdrawes himself wholly in the root againe . Againe , 3. some there are , as the thorny ground , in whom this inward sap communicated to them , though not spiritually , changing and renewing them , yet being communicated in a further degree , abides in them longer , shoots up farther , and these prove exceeding green branches , and are owned for true , even by the people of God themselves , as Judas was by the Apostles , and therefore are outwardly like unto them ; for how else are they said to be cast out ? ver . 16. who therefore had once some fruit to commend them , for which they were accounted of by the people of God , and received amongst them , who judge of trees by the fruit . Neither are their fruits meerly outward , like Solomons apples of gold , in pictures of silver , meerly painted , but they have a sap that puts a greennesse into what they doe , and by reason of which they bear and bring forth ; for how else are they said to wither also ? ver . 6. ( which is a decay of inward moisture , and outward greennesse : ) and these also have some kind of union with Christ as with a Lord , 2 Pet. 2. 1. he ascending to bestow gifts , even upon the rebellious also , Psal . 68. 18. so far to enable them to doe him some service in his Vineyard : They are not united unto Christ as unto an Head. Neither is it the spirit of adoption which they doe receive from him ; and such a branch was Judas , who was not onely owned by the Disciples , who knew him not to be false , but who surely at the first had inward sap of gifts derived from Christ , to fit him for the Ministery , he being sent out as an Apostle to preach ; whom therefore Christ here aimed at in this place . Now for a more particular differencing of these branches and their fruites , it is not my scope to ingraffe a large common place , head of all the differences , between temporaries and true beleevers , upon this stock ; this root is not big enough to bear them , those differences being many ; Onely I will explain those differences which the Text affords , because they are in our way , and will further open the words . 1. That which they doe bring forth , is not true fruit , the holy Ghost vouchasfeth it not that name , They are said here , not to bring forth fruit . That speech in Hosea 10. 1. will give clear light to understand this ; with the ground of it also ; Israel is , there called , an empty Vine , which brings forth fruit to her self . It implies a seeming contradiction , that it should be called an empty Vine , and yet withall to bring forth any fruit . And these bring forth not leaves , good words onely , but good works , good actions , and those green , and therefore Jude 12. their fruit is said to wither , as themselves are said to wither here , ver . 6. And as there Israel is said to be an empty Vine , though it hath fruit , so here these are said not to bring forth fruit at all . Now the meaning of both , is one and the same : For a thing is said to be empty , when it wants that which is proper to it , and ought to be in it ; as Wells are called empty , when are not full of water , they are full of ayre : for Non datur vacuum . So they are called an empty Vine , and these branches to have no fruit , because not such as ought to grow upon them , such as is proper to the root they seem to grow upon . Therefore in Heb. 6. 7. that Epithet is added , [ Meet ] hearbs , or fruit ; that is , such as should grow there . So Luke 3. 8. They are to bring forth fruit [ worthy ] amendment of life , or else they were to be cut down : that is , such as became true repentants , as were answerable , suitable therunto . As we say a man carries himself worthy of his place , when answerably to to what is required of him in it . That place fore-cited out of Hosea further acquaints us with the true ground , why their fruits ( though green , which Chap. 6. 4. is called goodnesse also , yet ) were not to be accounted meet fruit , and so not fruit at all ; even because of this , that it brought forth all its fruit , whether good or bad , to it selfe : That is , those ends that did draw up the sap , and did put it forth in fruit , were drawne but from themselves , they bring them not forth principally to God. and for him . All their prayers , all their affections in holy duties , if they examine the reason of them all , the ends that runne in them all , and whence all the motives that doe actuate all they doe in these , they will finde they are taken from themselves : And though the assistance wherewith they are enabled to doe what they doe , is more then their own , yet their ends are no higher then themselves , and so they employ but that assistance God gives them wholly for themselves . Now the end for which a true branch brings forth fruit , is , that God might be glorified . Thus Rom. 7. 8. when married to Christ they are said to bring forth fruit to God ; which is spoken in opposition to bringing forth fruit to a mans self . Thus also Christ here useth this as the great and main motive to fruitfulnesse in ver . 8. Hereby is my Father glorified , that you bring forth much fruit . Now whom will this move , into whose affections will such an argument draw up sap , and quicken them ? None but those hearts who doe make Gods glory their utmost end , and so all true branches doe or else this motive should have been used by Christ in vaine unto them . And as this end makes their performances to be fruit , so this being wanting , all that is brought forth deserves not the name of fruit , for it is not fruit worthy , as the Baptist sayes , not meet fruit for the dresser to receive , ( as was noted out of the Hebrews ) not such as ought to grow on that tree . They should be trees of righteousnesse , the planting of the Lord , that he might be glorified , Esay 61. 3. Again , not fruit meete or suitable for the roote it seemes to grow upon , that is , such as Christ did bring forth ; for he did all , that his Father might be glorified : and therefore sayes he , exhorting them to fruitfulnesse , ver . 8. of this Chap. If you doe likewise , ye shall bee my Disciples . Againe , otherwise it is not such as is meet for the Husbandmans taste and relish ▪ it being equall that He that planteth a Vineyard , should eate the fruit of it , 1 Cor. 8. 7. And in fruit you know above all we regard the taste , and esteeme the relish of it . Eve first considered the fruit was good for food , then pleasant to the eye , Gen. 3. It is not the sap that is in fruit only makes it acceptable ; Crabs are as full of sap as apples : Not is it the greennesse , or colour , or bignesse , but the relish that is the chiefest excellencie in it , though those other , when joyned with a good relish , do make it more desirable : So though thy performances be full of life and affection , and green , and long , and many , yet if they relish and taste of none but self-ends , God regards them not , they are not ad gustum suum ; it is the end that gives the relish , and makes them fruits , and acceptable to God. The second difference this Text holds forth , is , That they bring not forth their fruit in Christ : for so the Syriack Translation reads it , as making the sense to be , that they bring not forth fruit in me : and so this particle [ In me ] referreth not so much to their being branches in him , as to not bearing their fruit in him . Which indeed seems to have been Christs meaning , for his scope in this Parable is to shew how that he is the root of Sanctification ; and how not the habituall power onely , but every act of grace , and the performance , comes from him ; Without me ye can doe nothing , ver . 5. And thereupon he exhorts his Disciples to fetch all from him , and to abide in him ; and therefore also , when he speaks of these unfruitfull branches at ver . 6. that which here he calls bearing not fruit in me , he expresses there , by not abiding in me , as the cause of their not bringing forth fruit in him . Yea , and the principall scope of that phrase , Abide in me , is , ( as evidently appeares by ver . 4 , 5. ) to depend upon him for bringing forth of fruit , and to fetch strength from him by faith . There is therefore this essentiall defect in the worke that is upon such , that they doe not doe all in that dependance upon Christ , such a dependance as a branch hath upon the root , in bringing forth its fruit . For , my brethren , this you must know , that as it is essentiall to Evangelicall ▪ Sanctification to doe all for another , as your end , namely , to God ; so to doe all in the strength of another , as your sole assistant , namely Christ , who works all in you , and through whose strength , saith Paul , I am able to doe all things , and nothing without it . The life we leade is by faith , and it is not I , but Christ who lives in me . Therefore we finde both these joyned , Phil. 1. 11. The fruits of righteousnesse by Jesus Christ , to the praise and glory of God. The latter [ To the glory of God ] is mentioned as the finall cause ; the other [ By Jesus Christ ] as the efficient cause : Both these are necessary unto true Sanctification . For as we are to honour the Husbandman by making him our end , so also the root , by doing all in him , and from him . Now temporarie Beleevers , as they do all principally for themselves , so also all as from themselves : and as they do not make God their end , so nor Christ their root . And so some expound that phrase in the Parable of the stony ground , Luk. 8. 13. when it is said they have no root , ( though I think he means also inherent habits of grace infused , for it is added , no root [ in themselves , ] which Job call the root of the matter which was in him ) it is because they fetch not their strength to doe all they doe from Christ by faith , and from their union with him . And the reason is this , because they are never emptyed of themselves , ( which is the root we all doe grow upon ) either in regard of their owne ends , or of their owne efficiencie of working . Whereas we must all be brought to nothing in our selves , both in regard of self-aymes , and also abilities of working ; and till our hearts are inwardly taught that lession , that we are not sufficient , as of our selves , we will not goe out of our selves , to doe all in Christ . And therefore there was nothing which Christ endeavoured more to engraffe upon their hearts then this Principle now at his departure , as it is ver . 4 , 5. And indeed it is as hard a thing for nature to live out of its selfe , and fetch all from another , as not to live to its selfe , but to another . We are full of our owne strength , as well as of our owne ends . And although these unfruitfull branches they do indeed receive all their strength from Christ , and so all they doe in what is good , is from him : yet they doe no honour Christ in receiving it , by doing all as in his strength , and so do not do it as in him . But though they receive all , yet they work with it , as if it were their owne stock , and so glorie ( as the Apostle sayes ) as if they had not received it . And thus though the sap and livelinesse which stirs them , is really , and all efficiently from Christ , yet they may be said to bring forth fruit in themselves , because both they neither fetch not receive it by faith , nor act by faith that strength received , as men that were acted by Christ , and as working all in Christ , but they doe all , as if all proceeded from their owne root : Even as the Ivie , though it clasping about the Oake , receives much sap from it , which it digesteth and turneth into it selfe , yet it brings forth all its be●ries by virtue of its owne root , rather then as in the Oake , which yet sustaines and supplyes it with juyce and sap ; whereas a true Beleever brings forth fruit in Christ , as a branch that is in and of the Oake it selfe , as its owne root , and so from him all their fruit is found , Hos . 14. 8. he fetcheth his assistance from him : where as the inward assistance of another unsound branch is strengthened and supported by pride , and selfe sufficiencie of gifts and parts , and not derived by faith , and maintained by confidence in Christs strength to act all in them ; so that , as it is said of the Corinthians , that they raigned , but without us , sayes Paul. So I may say , Temporaries performe duties , and pray , but as without Christ . But all true Beleevers are emptied first of their owne strength and ability , and so walk as those who can doe nothing without Christ , as those who are not able to love , beleeve one moment more without him . So Phil. 4. 13. I am able to doe all things , but through Christ that strengtheneth me . And this they lay for a principle in their hearts which they walk by , which therefore Christ presseth upon his Disciples here , as the maine requisite and fundamentall principle of Evangelicall Sanctification , Without me ye can doe nothing . And therefore such an one is sensible of that cursed selfe sufficiencie in him , and humbleth himselfe , checks himselfe for it , as for as great and foule a sin as any other ; and humbleth himselfe not onely for the want of what life , and stirring , &c. should have been in the duty fell short of , in performing it ; but also for that he sanctified not Christ , in the strength he received to doe it with : But another doth not so ; if he finds strength , and power , and vigour to performe , and quicknesse in the performance , he lookes no further . That poore man in the Gospel , as he acknowledged his want of faith , that he had much unbeliefe in him , so he goes out to Christ for the supply , Lord h●lp my unbeliefe , for he knew that it was he was to be the worker of every degree of faith in him . And again , a true beleever being thus sensible of his own unability , doth ( when he is any thing assisted ) attribute all to Christ when he hath done ; and honours him as the Author of it in himselfe ; confesseth in his heart , between Christ and himselfe , that it was not he , but Christ that strengthned him : It is not I , ( sayes the Apostle ) but the grace of God in me , though I have laboured more then they all . But another , though he receives all , yet not being emptyed of himselfe , boasteth as if he had not received it . As the Pharisee , though he thanked God in words , yet in his heart attributed all to himselfe ; such an one is the more full , and lift up when he hath done , but the true branch more empty and humble . A true beleever glories not of himselfe as in himselfe , but onely as he is a man in Christ ; and that as a man in Christ , he did thus or thus ; as Paul did , and no otherwise . So 2 Cor. 12. 2. I knew a man in Christ , &c. of such a man I will glorie , but of my selfe I will not glorie . And yet it was himselfe he spake of , but yet not in himselfe as of himselfe , but as he was in Christ . And if it be asked , whether in every act a Christian doth thus ? I answer , It is in this as in that other parallel to this , The making God a mans end : Now as it doth not require , that in every action a man should actually think of that his end , whilst yet habitually he makes it his aime : ( as a man in his journey , doth not think of the place he goes into every step he takes , yet so habitually hath it in his thoughts , as he keeps in the way to it . ) Parallel to this is it in doing all in Christ , it cannot be supposed that in every act a man hath such a distinct thought of recourse to Christ ; but at the beginning and entrance of greater actions , he still hath such actings and exercise of faith ; And also often , in the progresse he reneweth them , and in the conclusion , when he hath performed them , he doth sanctifie Christ in his heart , by ascribing the praise of all unto him . If in the second place , the question be , Whether , every true beleever doth from his first conversion thus distinctly and knowingly ( to himself ) fetch thus all power from Christ , and doe all in him ? The answer is , 1. That to all beleevers this principle of having recourse to Christ for acting their Sanctification , may ( haply ) not presently be so distinctly revealed as it hath been to some ; this indeed is common and absolutely necessary to all beleevers , to constitute and make them such ; namely , that their faith should have recourse to Christ , and to take him for their Salvation , in the large and generall notion of it , as it infolds all under it that is to be done to save them ; and thus many more ignorant doe , when yet they have not learnt explicitely in every particular that concerneth their salvation , to have frequently a distinct recourse unto him : it is probable that these very Disciples of Christ ( who yet savingly beleeved ) had not this particular principle of bringing forth all their fruit of holinesse in Christ , as their root , untill this very time and Sermon whereby Christ enformed them in it , so clearly revealed to them , nor till then so clearly apprehended by them ; for ignorant they were of , and negligent in having recourse to Christ in many other particulars , and making use of him therein , which are of as much concernment as this . They had not so distinctly and explicitely ( as would seem ) put their prayers up in Christs name , Hitherto you have asked nothing in my name , John 16. 24. Neither had they so frequently exercised faith on Christ in all things as they had upon God. Therefore John 14. 1. he calls upon them , Ye beleeve in God , beleeve also in me . 2. Many sorts of principles beleevers hearts may secretly have been taught , which also habitually they practice , and yet they may be exceeding hidden and latent in them in respect of their own discerning them ; as was the case also of these Disciples , John 14. 4. sayes Christ , The way ( namely , to heaven ) ye know : and yet , ver . 5. Thomas sayes , How can we know the way ? and then , ver . 7. Christ sayes of them againe , that They knew him and the Father ; and yet ver . 8. Philip again saith to him , Lord , shew us the Father , speaking as if they were ignorant of him , for Christ rebukes him , ver . 9. and tels him he had both seen him and his Father . Those principles of Atheisme and unbelief , ( as those sayings in the heart , that there is no God , &c. of which the Scriptures speak so much ) they are the principles that act and work all in men that are wicked and carnall , and are the encouragers and counsellers to all the sins committed by them , and yet they are least of all discerned by them , of all other corruptions , for they are seldome or never drawn forth into distinct propositions , or actually thought upon ; but doe lie as common principles taken for granted , and so do guide men in their wayes . And thus it is and may be long with some of the contrary principles of faith , they may act all secretly in the heart , and yet not be discerned ; untill called forth by the ministery of the Word , or some distinct information , when it comes more distinctly to clear such a practice to them . Neither 3. is union with Christ presently cleared up to all beleevers ; which whilst it is darkly and doubtfully apprehended by them , Christs communication of his grace and strength to them in every action , remains doubtfull also , and is not discerned by them . Of these Disciples Christ sayes , John 14. 20. That in that day ( namely , when they received the Comforter more fully , of the promise of whom he there speaks ) they should know that they were in him , and he in them : But not so clearly was this as yet apprehended by them ; and so likewise that intercourse betwixt Christ and them , both for grace and comfort , &c. was not so clearly discerned by them , though continually maintained by him in dispensing all grace and power to them . And yet 4. in the mean while take the lowest and poorest beleever , and he doth these five things , which put together , is really and interpretatively a bringing forth their fruit in Christ , though not in their apprehensions . 1. In that their hearts are trained up in a continuall sensiblenes of their own insufficiencie and inability for any good thought or word , as of themselves ; for poverty of spirit , to see their own nothingnesse , in this respect is the first Evangell grace , Mat. 5. 1. and and if the contrary would arise in them , to think through habituall grace alone received , they were able of themselves to doe good , it is checked soone , and confuted by their owne experience , both of their owne weaknesse , being sure to be left to themselves , ( as Peter was ) when confident in his own strength ; as also by those various blowings of the Spirit in them as he pleaseth ; with which when their sailes are filled , they are able to doe any thing , but when withdrawn , they lay wind-bound , ( though all habits of grace be hoyst up and ready ) and not able to move of themselves . Now this principle of self emptinesse habitually to live by it , no carnall heart in the world hath it , or doth live by it . And 2. for this assistance , they are trained likewise up ( from the first ) to have a continuall dependance , from a power from above , ( without which they find they are able to do nothing ) to come from God , and from the Spirit of Christ ; with a renunciation of themselves , which implicitely is the same with this immediate intercourse with Christ , and is really equivalent thereunto , though they hit not at first haply on the right explicite notion thereof ( as having not been taught it by the Ministery of the Word , or other wayes ) in that distinct manner that others doe : and yet in honouring the Spirit of Christ dwelling in them , they honour Christ , who sends that Spirit into their hearts , even as in honouring the Sonne , Christ sayes , that we honour the Father also : although our thoughts may sometimes more distinctly be exercised towards one of the three Persons more then to another . And thirdly , when they are once taught from the Word , that it is the duty of a Christian , and part of the life of faith , to live thus in Christ , and to bring forth all in him and so come distinctly to apprehend this , as requisite to a right bringing forth of fruit , then their hearts instantly doe use to close with the truth of it , as being most suitable and agreeable to that holy frame of their own spirits , which are Evangelically wrought to glorifie Christ all manner of wayes that shall be revealed ; there is an instinct , a preparednesse in their faith to make Christ their All in all , as any particular comes to be revealed to them , wherein they ought to exalt him in their hearts ; and so this being once revealed to be one way whereby they are to honour him , if they have gone on afore in a confidence on their own graces , henceforth they doe so no more , yea they humble themselves as much for so robbing Christ of glory , or neglecting of him , in not having had that distinct recourse to him , as for any other sin . And 4. though haply after all this , yet still their union with him is not cleared to them , and so their communion with him herein ( as must needs ) doth still remain dark also , they therefore neither discern that they have any true communion with his person , nor can say how strength comes from him ; yet having bin thus taught to fetch all from him , as was formerly explained , they do in a continuall renunciation of their own strength , deny all offers of assistance from any other strength , as namely that which their gifts and parts would make ; ( even as they deny unlawfull lusts or by-ends ) and they still have their eyes upon Christ , to work in them both the will and the deed , and so by a faith of Recumbencie , or casting themselves on him for strength in all , ( such as they exercise towards him for justification , Gal. 2. 16. ) they live by faith on the Son of God , and have thereby such a kind of faith , a continuall recourse unto him . Upon which acts of true faith being exercised by them towards him , He ( as he is pleased to dispence it ) moves them , and works and acts all in them ; although still not so sensibly unto their apprehensions , as that they should discern the connexion between ▪ the cause and the effect ; nor can they hang them together , that is to say , know how , or that this vertue doth come from Christ , because their union with him is as yet doubtfull to them ; and also because the power that worketh in Beleevers is secret ; and like that of the heavens upon our bodies , ( which is as strong as that of physick , &c. ) yet so sweet and so secretly insinuating it selfe with the principles of nature , that as for the conveyance of it , it is insensible , and hardly differenced from the other workings of the principles of nature in us : and therefore the Apostle prayeth for the Ephsians , That their eyes may be enlightned to see the power that wrought in them , Eph. 1. 18. 19. Yet so as 5. their soules walk all this while by these two principles firmly rooted in them ; both 1 That all good that is to be done , must and doth come from Christ , and him alone ; and 2 That if any good be done by them , it is wrought by him alone , which doe set their souls a breathing after nothing more then to know Christ in the power of his resurrection : And having walkt thus in a selfe-emptines and dependance upon Christ by way of a dark recumbencie , when once their union with him comes to be cleared up unto them , they then acknowledg as they Es . 26. That he alone hath wrought all their workes in them , that they are nothing , and have done nothing ; and though before this revelation of Christ , ( as Christ said to Peter , What I doe now thou knowest not , but thou shalt know , so ) they knew not then that Christ had wrought all in them , yet then they know it , and when they doe know and discern it , they acknowledge it with the greatest exaltation of him , they having reserved , even during all that former time of their emptinesse , the glory for him alone ; staying as Joab did for David , till Christ come more sensibly into their hearts , to set the crown of all upon his head . This I thought good to adde , to clear this point , lest any poor souls should be stumbled . Doct. 4. In the most fruitfull branches there remain corruptions unpurged out . The 4. Doct. is , That in the most fruitfull branches there remain corruptions that still need purging out . This is taken but as supposed in the text , and not so directly laid down , and I shall handle it but so far as it makes way for what doth follow . What shall I need to quote much Scripture for the proof of it ? Turn but to your own hearts , the best will find proofs enough of it . Reasons . That God might thereby the more set forth and clear unto us his justifying grace by Christs righteousnesse , and clear the truth of it to all our hearts . When the Apostle , long after his first conversion , was in the midst of that great and famous battail , chronicled in that 7. Rom. wherein he was led captive to a Law , and an army of sinne within him , warring against the law of his minde , presently upon that wofull exclamation and outcry there mentioned , Oh miserable man that I am , &c. he falls admiring the grace of justification through Christ , they are his first words after the battail ended , [ Now ] ( sayes he ) there is no condemnation to them that are in Christ : Mark that word [ Now ] that now after such bloudy wounds and gashes there should yet be no condemnation , this exceedingly exalts this grace , for if ever ( thought he ) I was in danger of condemnation , it was upon the rising and rebelling of these my corruptions , which when they had carried me captive , I might well have expected the sentence of condemnation to have followed , but I finde , sayes he , that God still pardons me , and accepts me as much as ever , upon my returning to him ; and therefore I doe proclaim with wonder , to all the world , that Gods justifying grace in Christ is exceeding large and rich . And though there be many corruptions in those that are in Christ , yet there is no condemnation to those who are in Christ , that walk after the Spirit , though flesh be in them : And this at once both clears our justification by Christs righteousnesse alone , and also magnifies and extols it . It clears it , therefore how doth this remaining of corruptions afford to our Divines that great demonstration against the Papists , that we are not justified by works , nor are those workes perfect , ( which they so impudently affirme against their own experience ) even because corruption stains the best , and our best righteousnesse is but as a menstruous cloth . And as it clears it , so likewise it extols it : For how is Grace magnified , when as not only all the sins and debts a man brought to Christ to pardon at first conversion are pardoned , but after many relapses of us , and provings bankrupt , we are yet still set up againe by free grace with a new stock ; and though we still run upon new scores every day , yet that these should still be paid , and there should be riches of love enough , and stock enough , that is , merit enough to hold out to pardon us , though we remained in this mixt condition of sinning , to eternity , this exceedingly advanceth the abounding of this grace . 2. It serves exceedingly to illustrate the grace of perseverance , and the power of God therein ; for unto the power of God is our perseverance wholly attributed . 1 Pet. 1. 5. Ye are kept ( as with a garrison ) as the word signifies , through the power of God unto salvation . And were there not a great and an apparent danger of miscarrying , such a mighty guard needed not ; There is nothing which puts us into any danger , but our corruptions that still remain in us , which fight against the soul , and endeavour to overcome and destroy us . Now then to be kept maugre all these ; to have grace maintained ; a spark of grace in the midst of a sea of corruption ; how doth this honour the power of God in keeping us ? As much in regard of this our dependency on him in such a condition , as hee would otherwise be by our service , if it were pepfect , and we wholly free from those corruptions . How will the grace of God under the Gospel , triumph over the grace given Adam in his innocencie ? when Adam having his heart full of inherent grace , and nothing inwardly , in his nature , to seduce him , and the temptation that he had , being but a matter of curiosity , and the pleasing his wife , and yet he fell : When as many poore souls under the state of grace , that have but mites of grace in comparison , and worlds of corruption , are yet kept , not onely from the unnecessary pleasures of sin in time of prosperity , but hold out against all the threats , all the cruelties of wicked persecutors in times of persecution , which threaten to debar them of all the present good they enjoy ? And though Gods people are foyled often , yet that there should still remaine a seed within them , 1 John. 3. 9. this illustrates the grace of Christ under the Gospel . For one act in Adam expelled all grace out of him , when yet his heart was full of nothing else . Were our hearts filled with grace perfectly at first conversion , this power would not be seen . The Angels are kept with much lesse care , and charge , and power then we , because they have no bias , no weights of sin , ( as the Apostle speaks ) hung upon them to draw them aside , and presse them downe , as we have . Neither 3. would the confusion of the devill in the end be so great , and the victory so glorious , if all sin at first conversion were expelled . For by this meanes the devill hath in his assaults against us , the more advantages , faire play , ( as I may so speak ) faire hopes of overcomming ; having a great faction in us , as ready to sinne as he is greedy to tempt ; And yet God strongly carries on his owne worke begun , though slowly , and by degrees , backeth and maintaines a small partie of grace within us , to his confusion . That as in Gods outward goverment towards his Church here on earth , he suffers a great party , and the greater still by farre , to be against his Church , and yet upholds it , and rules amongst the midst of his enemies , Psal . 110. ult . so doth he also in every particular beleevers heart . When grace shall be in us but as a sparke , and corruptions as much smoake and moisture damping it ; Grace but as a candle and that in the socket , among huge and many winds , Then to bring judgement forth to victory , that is a victory indeede . Lastly , as God doth it to advance his owne grace , and confound the devil , so for holy ends that concerne the Saints themselves : As , 1. To keep them from spirituall pride . He trusted the Angels that fell , with a full and compleat stock of grace at first , and they , though raised up from nothing a few dayes afore , fell into such an admiration of themselves , that heaven could not hold them , it was not a place good enough for them ; [ They left ] ( the text sayes ) their owne habitation and first estate , Jude , ver . 6. Pride was the condemnation of the devill , 1 Tim. 3. 6. But how much more would this have beene an occasion of pride to a soule that was full of nothing but sin the other day , to be made perfect presently ? perfectly to justifie us the first day by the righteousnesse of another , there is no danger in that , for it is a righteousnesse without us , and which we cannot so easily boast of vainly ; for that faith that apprehends it , empties us first of our selves , and goes out to another for it . But Sanctification being a work wrought in us , we are apt to dote on that , as too much upon excellencie in our selues ; how much adoe have poore beleevers to keepe their hearts off from doting upon their owne righteousnesse , and from poring on it , when it is ( God wot ) a very little ? They must therefore have something within them to pull downe their spirits , that when they look on their feathers , they may looke on their feet , which Christ sayes are still defiled , John 13. 10. 2. However , if there were no such danger of spirituall pride upon so sudden a rise , ( as indeed it befalls not infants , nor such soules as dye as soone as regenerated , as that good thiefe ) yet however God thinkes it meet to use it as a means to humble his people this way : even as God left the Canaanites in the land , to vexe the Israelites , and to humble them . And to have beene throughly humbled for sin here , will doe the Saints no hurt against they come to heaven , it will keepe them Nothing for ever , in their owne eyes , even when they are filled brim full of grace and glory . For 1. nothing humbles so as sinne . This made him cry out , Oh miserable man that I am ! He that never flinched for outward crosses , never thought himselfe miserable for any of them , but gloried in them , 2 Cor. 12. when he came to be led captive by sinne remaining in him , cryes out , Oh miserable man ! And 2. it is not the sinnes of a fore-past unregenerate estate , that will be enough to doe this throughly : For they might be lookt upon , as past , and gone ; and some waies be an occasion of making the grace after conversion the more glorious : but present sense humbleth most kindly , most deeply , because it is fresh , and therefore sayes Paul , Oh miserable man that [ I am . ] And againe , we are not able to know the depth , and height of corruptions at once ; therefore we are to know it by degrees : And therefore it is still left in us , that after we have a spirituall eye given us , we might experimentally gage it to the bottome , and be experimentally still humbled for sinne : And experimentall humbling is the most kindly , as pity out of experience is . And 3. God would have us humbled by seeing our dependance upon him for inherent grace ; And how soone are we apt to forget we have received it ; and that in our natures no good dwells ? Wee would not remember , that our nature were a stepmother to grace , and a naturall mother to lusts , but that we see weeds still grow naturally of themselves . And 4. God would have us not onely humbled by such our dependance on him , but by a sense of our continuall obnoxiousnesse to him , and of being in his lurch ; and therefore leaves corruption still , that we might ever acknowledge that our necks doe even lie on the block , and that he may chop them off , and to see that in him , we should not onely live , and move as creatures ; but further , that by him we might justly be destroyed every moment , this humbles the creature indeed , Ezek. 36. 31 , 32. 3. As thus to humble them , so that they might have occasion to deny themselves : Which to doe is more acceptable to God , then much more service without it ; and therefore the great promise of having an hundred fold , is made to that grace . It was the great grace , which of all other Christ exercised . Now if we had no corruption to entice and seduce us , what opportunities were there for us , thus of denying our selves ? Christ indeed had an infinite deale of glory to lay downe , not so we : unlesse there be a selfe in us , to solicite us , and another selfe to deny those solicitations , wee should have no occasions of self-denyall , or the exercise of any such grace . Therefore Adam was not capable of any such grace , because he had no corruption to seduce him . And therefore a little grace in us , denying a great deale of corruption , is in that respect , ( for so much as is of it ) more acceptable then his obedience . Though we have lesse grace , yet in this respect of a higher kind in the exercises of it . To be meek and charitable to those who fall into sin , as knowing corruption is not fully yet purged out of thy selfe . This is the Apostles admonition upon this ground , Gal. 6. 1. If a man be overtaken in a fault , ( he speaks indefinitely , that any man may ) if it be but an overtaking , not a sinning wilfully , and obstinately , but a falling by occasion , through rashnesse , suddennesse , and violence of temptation , &c. ye which are spirituall , restore such a man with the spirit of meeknesse , considering thy selfe , lest thou also be tempted . He would have every man be meek in his censure , and in his reproofe of such an one , and restore him , and put him in joynt againe , as the word signifies ; for still he may be united to Christ , as a bone out of joynt is to the body , though for the time rendred thereby unusefull ; and do this , sayes he , with tendernesse and pity , with the spirit of meeknesse , which a man will not doe , unlesse he be sensible of his owne frailty , and subjection to corruption ; unlesse he reflect on himselfe , and that seriously too : [ considering ] saith the Apostle there , as implying more then a slight thought , ( I may chance to fall also ) but the seeing and weighing what matter of falling there is in thine own heart , if God but leave thee to thy selfe a little then ; this works a spirit of meeknesse towards such an one : For meeknesse and pity is most kindly , when we are sensible of the like in our selves , and make it our owne case . And this he speakes to the most spirituall Christians , not to those who are as yet but as carnall , ( as he speaketh of the Corinthians ) Christians newly converted , who ( finding their corruptions at the first stounded with that first blow of mortification given them , and though but in part killed , yet wholly in a manner for a while laid asleep , and having not as yet , after their late conversion , had a fresh experience of the dangers and temptations a man after conversion in his progresse is subject to ) are therefore apt to imagine they shall continue free from assaults , and think not that their lusts will get up againe , and so are prone to be more censorious of the falls of others : But you , who are more spirituall , to you I speak , sayes the Apostle , for you are most meekned with a sense of your owne weaknesse ; and even you , ( sayes he ) if you consider your selves , and what you are in your selves , have cause to think that you also may be tempted . Never set thy selfe any stint or measure of mortification , for still thou hast matter to purge out : Thou must never be out of physick all thy life . Say not , Now I have grace enough , and health enough , but as that great Apostle , ( Not as if I had as yet attained , For indeede , thou hast not ) Still presse forward to have more vertue from Christ . If thou hast prevailed against the outward act , rest not , but get the rising of the lust mortified , and that rowling of it in thy fancie ; get thy heart deaded towards it also : and rest not there , but get to hate it , and the thought of it . The body of death it must not onely be crucified with Christ , but buried also , and so rot , Rom. 6. 4 , 6. it is crucified to be destroyed , sayes the Apostle there : that is , to moulder away more and more , after its first deaths wound . Obser . 6. That branches that have brought forth true fruit , God takes them not away . The 6. Doctrine is , That those who are true branches , and bring forth any true fruit pleasing to God , though they have many corruptions in them , yet God takes them not away , cuts them not off : The opposition implies this , he speakes of Taking away the other , not so of these , But purgeth them . It is an elegant Paranomasia , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , which the holy Ghost here useth . For an instance to prove this , ( wherein I will also keepe to the Metaphor here used ) I take that place . Esay 27. where this his care of fruitfull branches , with the very same difference put between his dealing with them , and the unfruitfull that is here , is elegantly expressed to us . God professeth himselfe the Keeper of a Vineyard his Church , ver . 2 , 3. I the Lord doe keep it , and ver . 6. He shall cause them that come of Jacob to take root , Israel shall blossome and bud , and fill the earth with fruit . But Israel having corruption in him which would hinder his growth , he must be lopt and cut . And so in the next verses , God is said to deale with him ; but not so as to cut them off , as he doth others that are both his and their enemies . Hath he smitten them as he smote those that smote him ? No. For in measure when it shooteth forth , thou wilt debate with it . When Israel is but a tender plant , and first shooteth forth , he doth but in measure debate with it , that is , in such a proportion as not to destroy it , or cause it to wither , but that it may blossome more , he measures out , as it were , afflictions to them , but stayes his rough wind , as it followes ; that is , such afflictions as would shake that his plant too much , or quite blow it downe ; but such a wind as shall make it fruitfull , and blow away its unkindly blossomes and leaves : so much and no more will He let out of his Treasury , even he who holds the winds in his fists , and can moderate them as he pleaseth . For his scope and purpose is nothing lesse then to cut off Jacob , both root and branch , because of corruptions and sinnes that doe cleave to him . But this is all the fruit to take away the sinne , sayes he , ver . 9. that is , this is the fruit of that winde , and of all these his dealings with them : and it is [ All ] the fruit , that is , all that he intends thereby , even to purge them . But doth he deale so with others ? No , for the boughs of the most fenced City wither , and are broken off and burned , ver . 10 , 11. First , because in Christ God accepts a little good , and it pleaseth him more , then sin in his doth displease him : And therefore as in nations he will not destroy the righteous with the wicked , so nor in men will he cast away their righteousnesse that is in them for a little wickednesse sake , but will rather purge out the one , and so preserve the other . This we have expressed under the same Metaphor , Esay . 65. 8. we have in hand , Thus saith the Lord , as the new wine is found in the cluster , and one saith destroy it not ; for a blessing is in it : That is , looke as when a man is about to cut downe a Vine , and his axe is even at the root of it , and one standing by , spyes a cluster upon it , that hath new wine in it ; which also argues there is sap still in the roote , which may yet bring forth more ; Oh sayes he , destroy it not : even so sayes God of nations and men that feare him : of nations , where he hath many holy ones : So there it followes , So will I doe ( with Israel ) for my servants sake I will not destroy them all ; so it follows there : and thus he likewise sayes of particular men , there is a blessed work in such a mans heart , though mingled with much corruption , Oh destroy it not . Take away the sin if possible , but cut not off the man : why should his grace perish with his wickednesse ? every dram of grace is precious , it cost the blood of Christ , and he will not suffer it to be destroyed . Because he hath ordained , that all the fruits of his children should remain , John 15. 16. Now if they should be cut off , their fruit would wither , their work must perish with them ; now no mans work shall prove in vaine in the Lord , 1 Cor. 15. ult . But though the world , and all works , and lusts of the world will with their makers come to nothing , Yet he that doth the will of God endureth for ever , 1 John 2. 17. As the works of Christ in himselfe are eternall , so his works in us are eternall also , because they are the fruits of what he did : He that soweth liberally , and gives to the poore , his righteousnesse remaines for ever . Thirdly , because he loves the person , and hates only the sin , therefore he preserves the one , destroyes onely the other . This is all the fruit to take away the sinne . Thus Psal . 99. 8. He forgave the persons , and tooke vengeance onely on their inventions . The Covenant that is made with us in Christ , is not a covenant made with works , but with persons : And therefore though the works be often hatefull , yet he goes on to love the persons : And that he may continue to love them , destroyes out of them what he hates , but cutteth not them off . A member that is leprous or ulcerous , a man loves it as it is his owne flesh , Ephes . 5. 29. though he loathes the corruption and putrification that is in it : and therefore he doth not presently cut it off , but purgeth it daily , layes plaisters to it to eate the corruption out : whereas a wart or a wen that growes to a mans body , a man gets it cut off , for he doth not reckon it as his flesh . Fourthly , therein God shewes his skill , that he is able to deale with a branch which hath much corruption in it , so artificially , as to sever the corruption , and let the branch stand still ; utterly to cut downe , and make spoile of all , there is no great skill required to it ; but to lop the branches in the right place , and due time and season , so as they may become fruitfull , this is from the skill of the Husbandman . Come to unskilfull Surgeons with a sore leg or arme , and they seeing it past their skill , they talke of nothing but cutting it off , and tell you it is so far gone , that there is no way else ; but come to one that is skilfull indeed , that discerns it is not so perished , but it may be cured , and he will try his art upon it : And so doth God with branches and members that have much corruption in them , he tryes his skill upon them , makes a great cure of a leg or an arme , where he discerns some sound flesh , though much corrupted ; he can cut out the dead flesh , and let the sound remaine , and so makes it whole in the end . Of comfort to those who are true branches , and continue to bring forth fruit in the midst of of all the tryals that befall them , that God will not suffer them to be cut off by their corruption : if any thing in them should provoke God to doe it , it must be sinne : Now for that , you see how Christ promiseth that God will take order therewith , and will purge it out of them . In the 89. Psal . ver . 28 , 29 , 30. this is the covenant made with David , ( as he was a type of Christ , with whom the same covenant is made sure and firme ) That if his seed forsake my Law , and walke not in my judgements , What , presently turne them out of doors , and cut them off , as those he meant no more to have to doe with ? What , nothing but utter rejection ? Is there no means of reclaiming them ? Never a rod in the house ? Yes , Then will I visit their transgressions with a rod , and their iniquity with stripes , whip out their stobbornnesse and sinfulnesse , but my loving kindnesse will I not take from him as I did from Saul , as it is 1 Chron. 17. 13. Let the Saints consider this , that they may return when they are fallen , and submit to him and his nature , and suffer him to doe what he will with them , and endure cutting , and lancing , and burning , so long as he cuts them not off ; endure chastning , and all his dealings else , knowing that all the fruit is but to take away the sinne to make them partakers of his holinesse , and if by any meanes , as Paul speakes of himselfe , as Phil. 3. be the means what it will , it is no matter ; And God , if at any time he seemes to cut thee off , yet it is but as the incestuous Corinthian was cut off , that the flesh might be destroyed , and the spirit saved . Of encouragement to goe on still to bring forth more fruit to God : For if you doe , God will not cut you off , he will spare you as a man spares his sonne that serves him ; he will not take advantage at every fault to cast one off . It was his owne Law , Deut. 20. 19. that such trees as brought forth fruit fit for meat , they should not destroy when they came into an enemies countrey . Doth God take care of trees ? No , it was to teach us , that if we bring forth fruit , he will not destroy us , if it be fruit indeed , fit for meat : Oakes bring forth apples , such as they are , and acorns , but they are not fit for meate ; such treees they might cut down : So if thou bring not forth such fruit as is for Gods taste and relish , wherein thou sanctifiest not God and Christ in thy heart , thou maiest and wilt be cut downe , but else not ; If thou beest betrothed to Christ , and he hath begotten children on thee , feare not a bill of divorce , he will not lightly cast thee off : And it is a good argument to use to him , desire him to spare thee by all the children he hath begotten on thee : Children increase love between man and wife , so between Christ and us . Doct. 6. That unfruitfull branches , God in the end cuts off , and the severall degrees whereby he cuts off professors that are unfruitfull . That unfruitfull branches God in the end takes away : As he did Judas , who was here especially aymed at . For proofe , take Psal . 125. It is a Psalme made of purpose to shew the different estate of the professors of Religion : Those that are upright , ver . 4. he saith , God will continue to doe them good , and They shall be at mount Sion , and all the gates of hell shall not be able to remove one of those mountaines : But because there are many , that like Planets goe the same course with the other Orbes , and yet have some secret by-way besides of their owne , of these he sayes , Those that turne aside into crooked wayes , God will lead them forth with the workers of iniquity : That is , in the end he will discover them to be what they are : And though they goe amongst the drove of Professors , like sheep , yet God will detect them , either in this life , or in the life to come , to be Goats : Though they did not seeme to be workers of iniquity , yet God will leade them forth with them . Reasons why God dealeth thus with them . First , because they dishonour the Root which they professe themselves to be graffed into ; they professe themselves to be in Christ : Now he is a fruitfull root , full of sap , and for any to be unfruitfull in him , is a dishonour to him . When you see unfruitfull branches upon a tree , you blame the root for it ; so doth the world blame the grace of Christ , the profession of Christ , yea even the root it selfe , for the unfruitfulnesse of the branches . Therefore that they may dishonour the root no more , he takes them away , cuts them off from that root they seemed to stand in , and then they run out into all manner of wickednesse . Secondly , because the Husbandman hath no profit by them : Heb. 6. The ground that bringeth forth thorns , and not fruit meet for him that dresseth it , is nigh to cursing . In the 8. of the Cant. it is said , Solomon had a Vineyard , and he let it out to Keepers , &c. He speakes this of Christ , of whom Solomon was a Type , and of his Church ; and his comparison stands thus : Solomon being a King , and having many Vineyards for his Royalty , ( for the riches of antient Kings lay much in husbandry ) he let them out to Vine-dressers , and they had some gaine by them ; But Solomon must have a thousand , and they but two hundred ; the chiefe gaine was to come to Solomon . So the Vineyard that God had planted here below , he lets it out to men , and they shall have some profit by it , you shall all have wages for the work you doe ; yet so as the chiefe gaine must returne to God , he must have a thousand for your two hundred . But when men will have all the gains that is in what they doe , set up their owne ends onely , and the Husbandman shall have none , such branches he takes away , because they are not for his profit , for it is made a rule of equity , 1 Cor. 9. 7. That he that planteth a Vineyard , should eate of the fruit of it . Because of all trees a Vine is good for nothing else but to bring forth fruit ; as we see it expressed to us , Ezek. 15. it is good for nothing but the fire when it becomes unfruitfull : Other trees are good for building , to make pins of , but not the Vine : And this similitude God chose out , to shew that of all trees else , Professors , if unfruitfull , are good for nothing , their end is to be burned . Now if you aske , How God taketh them away ? The degrees he doth it by are set downe here , ver . 6. If a man abide not in me , &c. that is , fall away , then 1. They are cast out , and 2. They wither , 3. They are gathered , 4. They are burned . First , they are cast forth , that is , out of the hearts of Gods people , out of their company , out of their prayers , yea and out of their society by excommunication often , and many times they cast out themselves , being given up to such errors , as discover them to be unsound : As Hymenaeus and Philetus , they were forward Professors , so that their fall was like to have shaken many of the fruitfull branches , in so much that the Apostle was faine to make an Apologie about their fall , Neverthelesse the foundation of God remains sure , 2 Tim. 2. 18. God gave them up to such opinions and heresies , as discovered their hearts to be rotten and unsound : So also he gives these carnall professors up to such sinnes as will discover them . This was the case of Cain , he brought forth some fruit , for he sacrificed ; yet because not in sincerity , he envied his brother , and was given up to murther his brother , upon which it is said , that He was cast out of the sight of the Lord , Gen. 4. 16. that is , cast out of his Fathers family , and from the Ordinances of God there enjoyed , and made a vagabond upon the face of the whole earth , which of all curses is the greatest : or else , as was said , they of their owne accord forsake the assembly of the Saints . The Apostle makes this a step to the sin against the holy Ghost , Heb. 10. 25. he saith , That when men forsake the assemblies and company of the people of God , publique and private , and love not to quicken and stir up one another , or begin to be shye of those they once accompanied , they are in a nigh degree to that which followes in the next verse , To sin wilfully after they have received the knowledge of the truth . Secondly , being thus cast forth , they wither ; that is , the sap of abilities which they once had , begins to decay ; that life in holy duties , and in holy speeches , begins to be withdrawn , and their leaves begin to fall off , they cannot pray nor speake of holy things , as they were wont . Thus it is said of such Professors , Jude 12. That their fruit withereth , even here in the eyes of men ; for when God casteth them out , then he withdrawes his Spirit from them ; and then , although they come to the Ordinances , yet they have no breathings ; they come to Prayer , and the Spirit of God is departed , and so by degrees God withdraws sap from them , till they be quite dead . Thus he dealt with Saul , when he had discovered himselfe by sparing the Amalekites , and by persecuting David , it is said , The Spirit of God departed from him , and he withered ever after , all his gifts vanished , and the spirit or frame of heart he once had , departed from him . So likewise they that had not gained by their talents , Mat. 25. 26. their talents were taken from them , even in this life , , and the Spirit of God , which rested upon them , rested upon some other that were more faithfull . Thirdly , lying long unfruitfull , in the end it is said they are gathered . Our Translation hath it , Men gather them , which either respects a punishment in this life , that when they are cast out from the society of Gods people , wicked men gather them , they fall to those that are naught : Popish persons , or profane Atheists take them , as the Pharisees did Judas , when he cast himselfe out of the society of the Apostles . Or else it may in a Metaphor refer to the life to come ; the Angels , they are the Reapers , they gather them in the last day , and bind them in bundles for the fire . So lastly , it is said , They are cast into the fire , and they burne . A man would think he needed not to have added that , for being cast into the fire , they must needs burne : but his meaning is , that of all other they make the fiercest , hottest fire , because they are trees most seared , and fuell fully dry , as the Prophet speaks . You then that professe the name of Christ , take heed that you be fruitfull branches indeed . I say to you as the Apostle saith , Rom : 11. 19 , 20. Because of unbeliefe , they were broken off : Thou standest by faith , be not high minded , but feare . Take heede that it be fruit that you bring forth , doe all for GOD , make him your end in all , bring forth more fruit every day , let your fruit be riper , and more spirituall daily , labour to spread , and root your selves as much downward in inward holinesse , as you do upward in outwardprofession , and purge your selves continually , lest that which is threatned here , befall you , which are fearfull things to be spoken , and yet concerne many a soule . The Apostle compares such to trees twice dead , and pluckt up by the roots . You were borne dead in Adam ; since that you have had perhaps some union with Christ by common graces ; if your wither againe , then you are twice dead , and therefore fit for nothing but to be stubbed up , and cast into the fire . And if any soule begin to forsake the assemblies of the Saints , or be cast out from them , let him looke to himselfe lest he wither in the end , and be twice dead , and so he never come to have life put into him againe , that is , repent , and return againe : And know this , that if you being cast out by the Church and people of God , break your hearts , so that you mourne for your sinne , as the incestuous Corinthian did , it is a signe you are such branches as God will yet make fruitfull ; but if beingcast out you begin to wither , as here , the end will be burning . THE TRYALL OF A CHRISTIANS GROWTH . THE FIRST PART . JOHN 15. 2. — He purgeth it , that it may bring forth more fruit , Of Growth in VIVIFICATION , and bringing forth more fruit . CHAP. I. That all true branches in Christ doe grow . GRowth in Grace is the main thing held forth unto us in these words ; and therefore I make in the chief subject of this Discourse . Now as in the work of Sanctification at first there are two parts , Mortification and Vivification ; so our progresse in that work hath two parts also apart to be considered , and both here in the Text : 1. A growth in Mortification , or purging out of sinne , He purgeth it . 2. A positive growth in holinesse , and all the fruits of it , That it may bring forth more fruit . And my purpose is accordingly to treat of these two , distinctly and apart by themselves : And although purging out of sinne is here first mentioned , yet our growth in fruitfulnesse shall have the first place in the method of handling of them ; both because growth in positive holinesse , and bringing forth more fruit , is the end and perfection of the other , and so chiefly intended ; the other but subserving unto this , and is accordingly made mention of here by Christ , He purgeth it , [ That ] it may bring forth more fruit . Now in handling this first Head , I shall doe three things : First , in generall , shew , That all true branches do grow in grace and fruitfulnesse , and the reasons of it . Secondly , propound such considerations by way of explication , as may conduce to satisfie the tentations of such Christians as discern not their growth herein . Thirdly , explicate more largely by way of tryall , what it is to bring forth more fruit , thereby further to help Beleevers to discern and judge aright of it . My scope in this discourse being not so much to give meanes or motives unto growth , as helps to judge of , and try our growth , and prevent such mistakes herein , as Christians are apt to fall into . First , in generall , to demonstrate , that all true beleevers doe grow more or lesse in fruitfulnesse . I shall give both proofes and reasons of it . For proofs out of Scripture , those two places Hosea the 14. 5. compared with Psal . 92. where the holy Ghost singleth out the choicest trees and flowers in the world , on purpose to expresse the Saints fruitfulnesse , and their growth therein . As first , to shew the sudden springing up of the new creature , as it falls out upon some mens conversions , or upon the Saints recovery again after falls , he compares them to the Lillie , Hos . 14. 5. whose stalk , though long hid in the earth , when once it begins to feel the dew , growes up oftentimes in a night . But yet a Lilly is but a flower , and soon decayes . Therefore secondly , so shew their perpetuity , and stability , together with their growth , the Prophet there compares them to the Cedar , whose wood rots not , proverbially put to expresse immortality ; Digna Cedro : And which is not onely most durable , but of all trees the tallest , and shoots up the highest . But yet thirdly , suppose the new creature be kept under , and oppressed with tentations and oppositions , yet to shew that still it will grow and flourish again : therefore he further compareth them to a Palme tree , which useth to grow , the more weight is hung upon it , and sprouts again , even when it is cut downe to the roots . Fourthly , to shew that they grow with all kinds of growth : therfore the Prophet expresseth their growth both by the spreading of their root , and also of the branches , and so in a growth both upward and downward , He shall cast forth his rootes as Lebanon : that is , grow inwardly in habituall grace in the heart , and then outwardly spread forth their branches , and so grow in the outward profession of Gods wayes and truth , and externall holinesse in their lives . Neither fifthly , is it a growth meerly in bulk , but also in fruitfulnesse , and therefore he compares them to the Olive and the Vine , ( so in that place of Hosea ) which are of all trees the fruitfullest , and most usefull to God and man , Judg. 9. 9 , 13. But yet sixtly , trees have a flourishing time of it but for some while , during which , although they may be thus green and fruitfull , yet in their age they wither and rot , and their leaves fall off , and their fruit decayes : The holy Ghost therefore as preventing this exception to fall out in the Saints growth , he addes , Psal . 92. They bring forth fruit still in their old age : When nature begins to decay , yet grace renewes its strength ; which if it be wondred at , and how grace should grow and multiply , the soile of our hearts being a stepmother to it , From me , sayes Christ , is thy fruit found , ver . 8. of that 14. of Hosea . It is God that gives this increase , and I will be as the dew to Israel , ver . 5. The reasons why Christians doe thus grow , are drawn First , from Christ his being our Head , and we his members . Now although clothes though never so gorgeous , grow not , yet members doe . This similitude the Apostle useth in two places , to expresse the growth of the Saints , Ephes . 4. 15 , 16. and Col. 2. 19. where he saith , Christ is a head , from whom the whole body grows up to him in all things . Now the consequence of this reason will many wayes appear . First , if no more but that there might be a conformity of the head and members , it was meet we the members should grow , for we are predestinated to be conformable to the Image of his Sonne , Rom. 8. Now Christ did grow in wisdome , Luke 1. ult . and 2. 40. and 42. and therefore so must we . But secondly , as he is our Head , he hath received all fulnesse to that every end that we might grow even to fill all in all , Ephes . 1. ult . Now we are empty creatures , at his first taking of us , Joh. 10. 10. I came , sayes Christ , that they might have life , ( and not only so much as will keep body and soul together , as we say , but ) that they might have it more abundantly . Why is grace called life , and of lives the most excellent , but because it containeth all the essentiall properties of life in it ? Now the main properties of life are to move and grow . The Stars they have a moving life , but they grow not ; the Sun increaseth not , for all its tumbling up and down , as snow-balls doe : Plants they have a growing life , but they move not out of their place ; but in Grace there is both . It is an active thing , and it is a growing thing also ; and because the more it is acted the more it grows , therefore its growth is expressed by its motion . Yea thirdly , as his fulnesse is for our growth , so our growth makes up his fulnesse , even the fulnesse of Christ mysticall , though Christ personall is full without us : therefore the stature that every Christian growes up to , is called , Ephes . 4. 13. The stature of the fulnesse of Christ . In like speech to this , Eph. 1. 23. it is said , that his body is his fulnesse : and Eph. 4. 13. the growth of these members is said to be the fulnesse of Christ : so that as Christ should be an head without a body , if he had no members , and his body a lame body , if he wanted any of those his members : so it would be found a disproportioned body , as it were , if any of these members should not grow to that stature God hath appointed them : So that as there will be plenitudito partium , a fulnesse of parts , no member lacking ; so also plenitudo graduum ; no degree of growth wanting in any part , that so Christ who filleth all in all , may be fully full . And as there would be a deformity if any one should not grow , ( as to have a withered member were a dishonour ●o the head ) so to have any one grow in immensum , to too great a stature , would breed as great a deformity on the other side : therefore he addes , that every member hath its measure . The hand grows according to the proportion of a hand , and so the rest ; and so in the 13. ver . he hath it , that there is a measure of the stature of the fulnesse of Christ , that every one attains to . The second reason is taken from God the Father . Who first hath appointed , as who shall be members , so also what growth each of these members shall attaine to : therefore it is called an increasing with the increase of God , Col. 2. 19. Other parents appoint not what stature their children shall attaine to , but the Lord doth , that when they meet in heaven , there may be a proportion in the body : as all Christs members were written in Gods book , so the growth of them also . Secondly , he hath promised that they shall grow : therefore it is said , Psal . 92. They so all bring forth fruit in their age , to shew the Lord is faithfull , which respecteth his promise ; for faithfulnesse is the fulfilling a promise . Thirdly , God the Father hath accordingly appointed meanes to that end , principally that they might grow . As first , Eph. 4. it is said , he hath given gifts unto men , not that they may be converted only , but also to build them up for the edifying of the body of Christ : he speaks as if that were one maine end . Therefore the Word is not onely compared to seed , that begets men , but to milke also , that so babes may grow , and to strong meat , that men may grow , and thus that all sorts of Christians may grow . So also Sacraments , their principall end is growth , and not to convert , but to encrease ; as meat puts not life in , but is ordained for growth , where life is already . 2. He gives his Spirit , which works growth in the hearts of his people ; and by him they have a nutritive power conveyed from Christ : For it might be said , though there be never so much nourishment , if they have no power to concoct it , still they cannot grow ; therefore the Apostle says , that there is an effectuall working to the measure of every part , Eph. 4. 16. the same power working in us , which raised up Jesus Christ from death to life , Eph. 1. 19. The last reason is taken from the Saints themselves ; they could not otherwise enter into heaven ; which I take from that place , Except ye be converted , and become as little children , ye cannot enter into the Kingdome of Heaven . He speaks this to his Disciples , who were converted before ; but saith Christ , unlesse ye grow , ( there being a farther measure appointed you of my Father ) you cannot enter into heaven . There is therefore as great a necessity to grow , as to be borne againe , or else we cannot enter into Heaven . CHAP. II. An explication how the Saints doe grow : many considerations to satisfie those that discern not their Growth . HAving given you the reasons , I will now explicate the point . And that chiefly for the satisfaction of those whose maine doubts and troubles about their estate , are occasioned by their want of discerning themselves to grow , and so call into question the work begun , because not carryed on so sensibly unto perfectias they expect and desire . Their objections are many and divers . They say , when they were young , they then had more spirituall enlivenings , and quicknesse of affections , more joy in duties , &c. that formerly they had more zeal in what they did for the good of others , and more fruit of their labours ; that heretofore they have spent more time in duties , in conference , and hearing , &c. that others start up , who have more grace the first day , then they have been getting many years . Yea they are so far from discerning that they grow , that they rather think that they fall back , and therefore fear even the truth of grace in them , because all beleevers grow . Now the scope of all which I shall speak of this argument , will tend to this , to help such to discern and judge aright of their estates herein , and to free them from such mistakes and errours as their objections are usually founded upon . And first , concerning this kind of tentation and trouble , let me premise this one Observation , concerning what sort of converts this temptation is aptest to seize on . You all know , that there are two more eminent and conspicuous manner of conversions of Gods people usuall in the Church . The conversion of some is more sudden and apparent , like the bringing of Joseph out of a dungeon , into a marvellous glorious light . It is with a sudden change , which therefore is accompanied with a mighty violent inundation , and land-floud of humiliation for sinne , encreased with many gracious enlargements and dews from heaven , which afterwards abating , and the stream setling and growing lesse , and comming to an ordinary channell , and falling but unto so much as the naturall spring of grace ( as I may so call it ) will serve to feed , they then begin to call all into question for their want of growth . Others on the contray , whose conversion hath been insensible , and carryed on with a still and quiet stream , and have had a more leisurely , gentle thaw ; and their change from darknesse to light hath not been sudden ; but as the breaking forth of the morning , small at first , and not discernable at what time day began then to break ; these on the contrary are exercised rather about the truth of the work begun , about the work of conversion it selfe , and the right beginning of all at first ; but their tentations arise not from a want of growth so much , for this to them is more evident and sensible , being like the morning light which growes clearer and clearer to the perfect day , Prov. 4. Now observe the different condition of these two sorts ; The former of these hath a more apparent work at first , to shew , as the evidence of their estate , but are apt through desertions , neglects , and carnall presumption to call into question their progresse in it , and from thence to question the truth of that first work begun . The other on the contrary sees a constant spring and stream increasing , but cannot shew the Well-head , or when or where the spring began . So that so apparent a worke of grace begun , would become matter of assurance to the one , but is checked with want of discerning growth answerable to such beginnings . But an apparent growth , and fast going up of the building , comforts the other , but yet so as they still are apt to question whether the foundation of such a building be well and surely laid ; that they are going on further to perfection , this they clearly see , but whether they come in at the right gate , or no , that is the scruple which exerciseth their spirits . Thus hath our wise God , as in the work of his providence , so of his grace , set the one against the other , as Solomon speaks , that unto both these there might be occasion of excercise left , that neither might confide in any workes wrought upon them , but flie alone to Christ ; and that neither should rejoyce against the other , or be discontented with that way , wherein God hath dealt with them . In the second place , there are some considerations to be added concerning a Christians discerning his spirituall growth , which will be profitable to the thing in hand . As first , that our growing in grace is a mysterie to be apprehended by faith , rather then by sense ; our spirituall life it selfe is carryed along by faith , much more the discerning the increase of it . Yea and it being carryed on by contraries , as by falls and desertions , and even by our own opinions of our decrease ; therefore it is rather discerned by faith , then sense , for faith is the evidence of things not seene . Secondly , the eager desire that many Christians have to have more grace , together with them , their going on to discerne more and more their wants , ( which in some respect is a growth ) these doe keepe them from thinking that indeed they doe grow . There is ( as Solomon sayes ) that maketh himselfe poor , and hath great riches , Prov. 13. 7. because he enlargeth his desires still , therefore still he thinks himself poor . So hungry and greedy Christians , looking still to what they want , and not to what they have , are still complaining and unthankfull . If thou wouldst discern thy growth , doe not compare the copie with thy writing , but rather thy writing now with thy writing at the first : For this is a sure rule , that the better thou learnest to write , the better copie doth God daily set thee ; that is , gives thee to see more strictnesse in the rule , and so still mayst think that thou wantest as much , and art as far short as at first , if thus thou comparest thy self with nothing but thy sight of the rule it selfe . The third Consideration , that if growth at any time be made sensible , and be discerned by sense , yet so as after a while it is not so discernable as that great change was which was made upon a mans first conversion : the reasons whereof are , 1. For at first conversion , the change was specificall , wholly from want of grace , unto beginnings of grace : but the change in our growth afterwards is but graduall , that is , but addition of more degrees onely , of something of the same kind still : and therefore it doth not so eminently affect the heart , as the change at first conversion doth . To be translated out of a Prison to a Kingdome , as Joseph was , would affect more , then to have new Kingdomes added to one that is a King already , as Alexander had . 2. Because then the newnesse makes a great impression : One that begins anew to study any Art , his growth is sensible , because every thing he reads is new ; when as afterwards in his reading he meets with the same thing againe and againe , and with new notions but now and then , and yet he studies , it may be harder , and learns what he knew before more perfectly , and adds new to his old . A fourth Consideration to discern thy growth , there must be time allowed ; For the time , sayes the Apostle , they might have been teachers , Heb. 5. 12. implying , they must have had time to grow up to perfection . Christians doe not grow discernably till after some space . The Sunne goes up higher and higher , but we discerne not its progresse , till after an hours motion . Things most excellent , have the slowest growth ; but rushes grow fast , but they are weaker kind of plants ; herbs , and willows , and alder-trees grow fast , but full of pith ; Oakes more slowly , yet more solidly , and in the end attain to a greater bulk . Fifthly , consider the growth it selfe ; there may be a great difference thereof in severall men : You heard that every man hath a measure appointed to which he must grow , but men are brought to this fulnesse severall wayes , which makes a difference in their growth . First , Some have the advantages of others , at first setting out ; God gives them a great stock of grace at first , and that for these causes : 1. When there is a present use of them ; Paul was the last of the Apostles , borne out of time , as himself complaines , as one that was set to schoole long after the rest of the Apostles , and yet came not behind any of them in grace , because God was to use him presently . To some God gives five talents , to others but two ; so that he that hath five , hath as much given him at first , as he that had but two had with all his gains , all his life time . 2. When a man is converted late , as he that came into the Vineyard at the eleventh hour , was furnished with abilities to doe as much as the rest , for they all received but a penny . Secondly , in the manner of their growth , some have advantage of others . 1. Some grow without intermission , as that great Apostle , and the Colossians , who from the first day they heard of the Gospell , brought forth fruit , Col. 1. 15. Others have rubs , and for some time of their lives stand at a stay : And thus some doe , presently after their first conversion , as the Church of Ephesus , who fell from her first love : Others in old age , as the Hebrews , who when for the time they might have taught others , were so far cast behind , that they had need be taught againe the first principles of Religion . Measure therefore not so your growth by a piece of your lives , but by comparing your whole life together . 2. Some die sooner , and therefore God fits them for heaven sooner . Dorcas dyed rich in good workes , Stephen dyed full of the holy Ghost , Act. 9. It is with severall Christians , as with severall , Planets : the Moon goes her course in a moneth , the Sun in a yeer , the rest in many years , so as often they that live shortest grow fastest . CHAP. III. What it is to bring forth more fruit , explicated Negatively by removing many mistakes . LEt us now see what it is wherein Christians may be said to grow , that so you may be able to discerne what it is to bring forth more fruit . And this I will explicate two wayes . First , negatively , what it is not to bring forth more fruit really , though in appearance and in shew it be a growth in fruit , which occasions many mistakes . Secondly , positively , what it is truly to bring forth more fruit . For the first . First , to grow is not onely or chiefly to grow in gifts , or abilities , as to preach , and pray , &c. but to encrease in graces : in gifts onely , so Reprobates may grow ; yea , and so true Beleevers may grow , and yet not bring forth more fruit : The Corinthians grew fast this way in respect of gifts , they were enriched in all utterance and knowledge , and came behind in no gift , 1 Cor. 1. 7. and yet he tells them , that they were babes and carnall , Chap. 3. 2 , 3. And therefore in the 12. Chap. after he had spoken of gifts , and endeavouring to excell therein , ( as they did ) he tells them that indeed they were things to be desired , and therefore exhorts them to covet the best gifts ; but , yet , sayes he , I shew unto you a more excellent way , in the last ver . of that 12. Chapter . And what was that ? It followes in the 13. Chap. even true grace , charity , love to God , and love of our brethren : A dram of that is , sayes he , worth a pound of the best fruit of gifts . And so his discourse , Chap. 13. doth begin , ver . 1. Though I speak with tongues of men and Angels , yet if I have not charity , &c. Gifts are given for the good of others , to edifie them especially , 1 Cor. 12. 7. but Graces , as love , faith , and humility , these are given to save a mans own soul ; and therefore therein is the true growth : Yet as concerning this , I will propound a Caution or two . Indeed , growth in gifts , together with growth in Sanctification running along with it , will increase our account , for God will crown his own gifts in us , if as they come from Christ , so they be used in him , and for him in our intentions ; but otherwise they puffe up and hinder . They serve indeed to set out , and garnish the fruit , and to help forward the exercise of graces ; they are good fruit dishes , to set the fruit forth : But if grace grow not with them , we bring not forth much fruit , for at best they are but blossomes , not fruit . Again , men are indeed to indeavour to grow in these gifts of memory , and instructing others , and conferences , &c. As was said to Timothy , Let thy profiting appear to all , 1 Tim. 4. 15. and to the Corinthians , Covet the best gift , especially whilst you are young ; yet we are not simply thereby to take an estimate of our growth . Though this let me withall adde , that often by increasing in grace , a man increaseth in gifts , and for want of increasing in grace , gifts also doe decay . The Talents being used faithfully , were doubled , and unfaithfully , were lessened . And this consideration may help to answer some doubts and objections which some Christians have about their growth , as because they cannot pray so well as others , nor doe so much service to the Saints as some doe , therefore they bring forth lesse fruit . Thou mayest bring more fruit for all that , if thou walkest humbly in thy calling , and prayest more fervently , though lesse notionally , or eloqùently . By how much the more we are humble , prize our selves lesse by them ; and use them in Christ , and for Christ , seeing they come all from him : the more we are contented to want them , and not envie others that have them ; so much the more fruit we bring forth , even in the want of such gifts . Againe , decay in gifts , as in old age , doth not alwayes hinder men from bringing forth more fruit . As , although they cannot remember a Sermon so well as they had wont , nor preach with that vigour , and vivacity , and quicknesse when they are old , nor be so active , stirring , forward , it followes not that they bring not forth more fruit . David when he was old , could not governe the Kingdome , nor doe the Church that service he had done formerly , yet true fruit he might grow in , in regard of his personall carriage towards God for his own salvation . A Musitian when he is young , is able to sing sweetlier then when he is old ; or when his vigour decayes , his joynts grow lame , he cannot play as he had wont ; yet still he may grow a better Musitian , and have more skill , and set better . Affections , the quicknesse of them depends much upon bodily spirits . Secondly , our bringing forth more fruit , it is not to be measured simply by our successe towards others in the exercise of those gifts ( though that be called fruit also : so Jer. 17. 10. they are called the fruit of our doings : there are our doings , and the fruits of our doings ; that is , the successe which our examples , or gifts , or graces , have upon others ; and so the conversion of the souls of men by the Apostles is called by Christ their fruit , John 15. 16. ) yet simply by this we are not to reckon our growth : for in successe towards others in the exercise of those gifts ( though that be called fruit also : so Jer. 17. 10. they are called the fruit of our doing : there are our doings , and the fruits of our doings ; that is , the successe which our examples or gifts , or graces , have upon others ; and so the conversion of the souls of men by the Apostle is called by Christ their fruit , John 15. 16. ) yet simply by this we are not to reckon our growth : for in successe and exercise of gifts , a man may decrease when he growes older , and so see lesse fruit of his labours them formerly , or haply he may be laid aside ; so sayes the Baptist of himself , I must decrease , John 3. 30. John , when Christ came to preach , had lesse commings in : And in this respect , old Christians , and ancient Ministers , may decrease , and young ones increase , and yet they decay not in grace ; for there are Gods workes in us , and Gods workes with us : Now Gods work with us in doing good to others , may be lesse , when yet his workes in us may be more : for as there are diversities of gifts , so of operations , 1 Cor. 12. The holy Ghost may use one of lesse grace to doe more good then one of more , though herein this caution is to be added , that he delights usually to honour those of most sincerity , with most successe ; as in that eminent Apostle , Paul , the grace of God was more in him , and so wrought more with him in doing much good to others , 1 Cor. 15. 10. and God also will reward according to the fruit of our doings , as Jer. 17. 10. when our desires are enlarged to doe much good , and we intended and aimed to doe that good which is done : there it is added there , in that Jer. 17. Whose heart thou knowest . When he sees the heart clearly enlarged to doe much good , then the fruit that is done is reckoned him as his ; otherwise what ever it be he doth by us , he will reward but according to our workes , as concurrent with his . So 1 Cor. 3. 8. the Apostle upon this occasion intimates , that seeing it is God that gives the increase , he sayes , that God will reward men according to their [ own labours ; ] not simply according to his workes by them : as if God doth not goe forth with a Minister , whose heart is much set to doe good , and to convert soules , to doe so much good by him as with another , who is in his own spirit lesse zealous ; yet if his heart was large in desires , and his endeavours great to doe good , God will reckon more fruit to him then to another that had fewer endeavours , though more successe . Thirdly , this growth in grace , and bringing forth more fruit , is not simply to be reckoned by the largenesse or smallnesse of those opportunities which men have of doing more or lesse good , and so , By the bringing forth of more fruit , in respect of more opportunities vouchsafed . Some that have more grace , and better gifts , have their shop-windowes shut , night overtakes them , and the power of darknesse , as it did Christ himselfe in the end , and then they cannot work . Others have lesser shops to work in , and yet have more grace ; yea , the same man may have larger opportunities when young , and lesser when he is old , and yet growes , and brings forth before God more fruit , because he accepts the will for the deed : So the Baptist was hindred in his latter time in prison , when yet he brought forth more fruit , and therefore he envied not Christ that got all his custome , his hearers and Disciples , but rejoyced that the work went forward , though not by himself : here was as much grace expressed , as in many Sermons . So Paul , he was much of his time in prison , yet then he ceased not to bring forth more fruit that should tend to his salvation , for Phil. 1. 15 , 16. when as he being in prison , he heard others preached , and that out of envie to him , others out of good will , I in prison rejoyced , sayes he , that Christ is preached , though I cannot doe it my selfe : and I know , sayes he , that this shall turn to my salvation , ver . 19. These fruits were as much , and would bring him in as much glory as his preaching . Indeed when a man shall prize opportunities of doing good , and for them voluntarily let goe all opportunities of advancing himself and his credit , or ease , or carnall advantages , then the more fruit he brings forth in those opportunities , the more is reckoned on his score . Fourthly , it is not alwayes to be measured by accessary graces , as joy , and spirituall ravishment , &c. which tend to the bene esse , the comfort of a Christian : but it is to be estimated rather by those substantiall graces , as faith , humility , love , strong and solid affections to what is good . The other may decrease , when these that are more substantiall doe increase . These sweet blooms may fall off , when fruit comes on ; though the glosse wear out , no matter , so the stuffe be strong and substantiall . Young Christians grow like new instruments ; they have more varnish then old , but not so sweet a sound . Yea , often the decreasing of those superadded graces are a means of the encrease of the other : want of feeling causeth more exercise of faith , as taking away bladders exercise a man to swim : One that hath bladders , and the stream with him , seemes to swim as well and as fast as one that hath learned long , and hath more skill and strength , but wanteth these , and swims against the stream , yet not so fast . Spirituall withdrawings cause more humility , more cleaving to God. A man , as the Leper cleansed , haply at the first leaps more , but goes as fast afterward . Fifthly , it is not increasing in outward professing , and a seeming forward , but especially in inward and substantiall godlinesse ; the other is but as increasing in leaves ; but in growth , there must be a bringing forth more fruit . When the root strikes not deeper downward , and farther into the earth , but spreads much upward in the branches , this is not a true growth ; though look where there is more rooting , there will be more spreading also above ground . Growth , it lies not in this , That men should thinke of me above what I am indeed , 2 Cor. 12. 6. Many at first grow into so great a profession , as they cannot fill up , and grow up to all their dayes ; make bigger cloathes then they can grow to fill : As they say of Elephants , that the skinne is as big at first , as ever after , and all their life time their flesh growes but up to fill their skinne up . True growth begins at the vitalls , the heart , the liver , the bloud gets soundnesse and vigour , and so the whole man outwardly ; this heart Godlinesse is the thing you must judge by . And yet sixtly , even in inward affections many be deceived : even there the party for Christ in appearance may be greater then in truth . So often in a young Christian , there is a greater army of affections mustered , but most of them but mercenaries : his affections are then larger , his joyes greater , his sorrowes violenter then afterwards : More of his heart joynes in duties at first ; but afterwards , though lesse , yet more spiritually and truly . The objects being then new , draw all after them ; not onely Spirit , or that new principle of grace is stirred then , but flesh also . The unregenerate part becomes a Temporary Beleever for a time , hath a work upon it per redundantiam , as an unregenerate man hath who is a Temporary : which work on the unregenerate part doth decay , as in Temporaries it doth , and grows lesse : not onely godly sorrow is stirred to mourne for sinne , but carnall sorrow being awakned by Gods wrath , joynes also , and so makes the streame bigger . Infidelity it selfe , like Simon Magus , for a while beleeves . Whilst the things of grace are a wonder to a man , ( as at first they are ) presumption joynes and eekes out faith ; a great party in the heart cleaves by flattery , ( as the phrase is in Daniel ) and for by-ends , which after some progresse fall off and faint in the way ; and those lusts that over and above their true mortification were further cast into a swoune , begin againe to revive . All this was resembled to us by the comming of the Children of Israel out of Egypt , when by those plagues in Egypt , and Moses his call , not onely the Israelites , but even many of the Egyptians were wrought upon , and began out of self-love to feare the Lord , Exod. 9. 20. and so a mixed multitude , it is said , went out with the Israelites , Exod. 20. 38. to sacrifice to the Lord ; but ere long , as Numb . 11. 4. this mixt multitude began to murmur , and to fall off : So at a mans first setting out , at his first conversion , mixt carnall affections , the unregenerate part , through the newnesse of the objects , and impression of Gods wrath , and heavenly ravishments , are wrought upon , and goe out with the new Israel to sacrifice , but after a while these fall away , and then the number is lesse ; but the true Israelites may be encreased . Hence it is , that young Christians , ( if they know their hearts ) complain more of hypocrysie , and old Christians of deadnesse . So in times of peace , presumption eeks out faith , and makes it seeme a great deale , which in times of desertion and tryal , falls off ; and then though the beleeving partie be lesse , yet more sincere . When the fire is first kindled , there is more smoke , even as much as fils the house ; but after the flame comes , that contracts all into a narrow compasse , and hath more heat in it : So it is in young Christians , their affections , ( which Christ compares to the smoaking flax ) their joy in duties , their sorrow for sinne , their love of God is more , but exceeding carnal ; the flame after , though lesse , growes purer , and lesse mixt with vapours of corrupt self-love . Seventhly we must not measure our bringing forth more fruit by one some kind or sort of duties , but by our growth in godlinesse , in the universall extent and latitude of it , as it takes in and comprehendeth the duties of both callings , generall and particular , and all the duties of a Christian . Thus it may be when grown up we are lesse in some sort of duties , then we were when we were young Christians : Haply we were more then in praying , in fasting , and reading , and meditating , yea spent the most ( if not the whole ) of our time in these ; But because now we spend lesse time in these , we must not say therefore that we are fallen , or decayed : for there are many other duties to be done besides these , which haply then we neglected , but now make conscience of . So that take all sorts of duties in the latitude of them , and we may be growne more , and do bring forth more fruit . Perhaps we bring forth lesse fruit of some one kind then afore , but if we be filled with all variety of fruits of the first and second table of our generall and particular callings , this is to bring forth more fruit . Men at their first conversion are necessitated often for to spend their whole time in such duties wherein they immediately draw nigh to God : Paul then spent three whole dayes in fasting and prayer : And then we allow them to doe it , because their estates require it ; they want assurance , and establishment , they see grace to be that one thing necessary , and therefore we give them leave to neglect all things for it ; they are new married to Christ , and therefore they are not to be pressed to war the first yeare , ( as I may so allude ) as for young marryed persons it was provided in Leviticus ; and parents and masters are to give allowance to such , then in their travell of their new birth to lye in , and not to be cruell to them , in denying them more time then ordinary . So also when they are in desertion , ( which is a time of sicknesse , and in sicknesse you allow your servants time from their work ) as the Church , when she wanted her Beloved , Cant. 3. 2. no wonder if she leaves all to seek him : As your selves , when you want a child or a servant , you cry him in every street , and leave all to find him , as he left ninety nine to find one lost sheep . And they then come new out of prison , out of their naturall estate , and out of the fresh apprehension of the wrath of God , and therefore no wonder if they run so fast to haste out of it , and salute none by the way , stay to doe no businesse ; but when once they are gotten to the City of refuge , then they fall about their businesse and callings againe . Hence young Christians are apt to be more negligent in their particular callings , and are all for the duties of Religion , for their present distresse and estate requires it : Ancienter Christians are apt to abound more in the duties of their particular calling ; but he that hath learnt to be conversant in both aright , to be conversant in his calling , so as to keep his heart up in communion with God , and so attend upon God without distraction , and to be conversant so in duties , as to goe about his calling cheerfully , and to doe with all his might what his hand therein finds to doe , he is the best Christian : And therefore 1 Thes . 4. 10. when he had exhorted them to encrease more and more in grace , he goes on , ver . 11. to exhort them also to doe their owne businesse , and to work with their hands , that they may walk honestly towards them without : for to neglect our callings , gives offence to them without ; and therefore masters stumble at young Christians : but both , you see by the Apostles exhortation in that Epistle , may stand together , increasing in holinesse , of which he had spoken afore , Chap. 3. 12. and Chap. 4. 1. and ver . 10. with diligence in a calling , of which he speaks , ver . 11. &c. To be conversant all day in holy duties , is indeed more sweet to a mans selfe , and is an heaven upon earth : but to be conversant in our callings , is more profitable to others , and so may glorifie God more : And therefore as when Paul would gladly have been with Christ , ( for that is best for me , sayes he ) yet sayes he , To abide here is more profitable for you , Phil. 1. so to injoy immediate communion with God in Prayer , and to meditate all the week long , is more for the comfort of a mans particular ; but to be employed in the businesse of a mans calling , the more profitable for the Church , or Common-wealth , or Family . And therefore it is to be accounted a bringing forth of more fruit , when both are joyned , and wisely subordinated , so as the one is not a hindrance to the other : though the child out of love to his mother , and the sweetnesse he hath in her company , could find in his heart to stay all day at home to look on her ; yet it pleaseth her more for him to goe to schoole all day , and at night , to come home and be with her , and play with her ; and she then kisseth him , and makes much of him . Children when they are young , they eate often , and doe little , and we alllow them to doe so ; afterwards you set them to work , and to schoole , and reduce them to two good meals , and they thrive as well with it . CHAP. IV. What it is to bring forth more fruit , explicated positively , wherein many direct tryalls of Growth are given . THus I have shewne you negatively , what this growth is not to be measured by , and so by way of intimation wherein it consists ; I will secondly do it more positively , and directly , and affirmatively . First , we grow , when we are led on to execise new graces , and so to adde one grace to another , as the Apostle Peter exhorts ; as when in our knowledge we are led into new truths , and have answerable affections running along with those discoveries towards the things revealed . At first a Christian doth not exercise all graces , though all are radically in him : But as a man lives first the life of a plant , then of sense , then of reason , so is it in Graces . There are many formes Christians go through , as scholars at schoole doe , wherein their thoughts are in a more especiall manner taken up about divine objects of an higher or inferiour nature . The first forme is to teach them to know their sinfulnesse of heart and life more ; and so they goe to schoole to the Law , and are set to study it , even oftentimes a good while after conversion , and faith begun : and then after they have learned that lesson throughly , they are led up higher to have their faith drawn out , and to be exercised about free grace more , and towards Christ his person , union with him , and about the art and way of drawing vertue from him , and doing all in him . And herein it falls out with particular Christians , as with the Church in generall ; that as although the most infant dayes of the Church from Adams time in the old world had the knowledge of all Fundamentals , necessary to salvation , yet God went over 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , piecemeale , Heb. 1. 1. Age after Age , to instruct his Church in a larger knowledge of those Fundamentals : So is it in Gods dealing with particular Christians , though a Beleever in his conversion hath the substance of all these taught him , yet he goes over them by piecemeale againe , throughout his whole life ; and hath often such a distinct apprehension renewed of them , as if he had not knowne or minded them afore : And sometimes his thoughts doe dwell more about the emptynesse of his owne righteousnesse , sometimes about that fulnesse is in Christ , sometimes more about the spirituall strictnesse he ought to walk in : And because some are apt to give up the old work , when they have new ; hence that which is indeed but growth in grace in them , many account to be but their first conversion ; though every such eminent addition be to be accounted as a conversion , as Christ speaks to his Disciples , Except ye be converted ; yet they were converted afore . Now the purpose I speak this for , is an help to discerne our growth ; for when God thus is leading us with farther light and affection to a larger apprehension of spirituall things , or to the trying new graces , so long we grow . Therefore Cant. 7. ult . the Church is said to lay up for her beloved [ fruits new and old : ] And Rom. 5. from patience a man is led to experience , from experience to hope . As wicked men are led on from one sinne to another , and so grow worse and worse ; so godly men from one grace to another : and when it is so with us , then we encrease . Secondly , when a man finds new degrees of the same grace added , and the fruits of them grow bigger and more plentifull ; as when a mans love grows more fervent , as 1 Pet. 4. 8. when faith , from mans casting it selfe on Christ , comes to find sweetnesse in Christ , which is to eate his flesh , and drink his blood ; and then from that growes further up to an assurance of faith , which is an addition to it : When any thing that was lacking in faith , ( as the Apostle speaks , 1 Thes . 3. 10. ) is added . So when a man grows up to more strength of faith in temptations , and is lesse moved and shaken in them , more rooted in faith , as the Apostle speaks . Thus in godly sorrow , when from mourning for sin as contrary to Gods holinesse , we goe on to mourn for it as contrary to him who loves us , which followes upon assurance , as they mourned over him which once they had pierced : not onely that we mourne that we should offend a God hath so much mercy in him , but out of a sense of it to us , which many cannot finde : so when our motives to hate sinne grow more raised , more spirituall , these are additions of the same degree . So in Prayer , when we finde our prayers to grow more spirituall , as in that part of Prayer , Confession , when more spirituall corruptions are put into our confessions ; and so in like manner , stronger grounds of faith put into deprecation , and petitions for pardon ; more enlargednesse to thankfulnesse ; more zeale to pray for the Churches ; when we go on to pray with all prayer more , as the Apostle speaks , Ephes . 6. 18. Or in obedience , when we abound more and more in the work of the Lord , as Rev. 2. 9. it is said of that Church , that their last works were more then the first ; so as the boughes are laden , and we are filled with the fruits of righteousnesse , Phil. 1. Thirdly , when the fruits and duties we performe grow more ripe , more spirituall though lesse juycie ; that is , lesse affectionate : and though they grow not in bignesse , nor in number , that is , we pray not more , nor longer ; yet they grow more savoury , more spirituall , more compact and solid . It is not simply the multitude of performances argue growth : When one is sick , and his body is decayed , he may be lesse in duties ; but it is the spiritualnesse , the holinesse of them : One short Prayer put up in faith , with a broken heart , is in Gods eye more fruit then a long one , or a whole day spent in fasting ; even in the same sense that the widows mite , is said to be more then they all cast in , Luk. 21. 3. Young Christians performe more duties at first , and oftner , then after ; as young stomachs eate more and oftner . As in nothing Sermons , so in performing duties , some will note more words , but not more matter , because with lesse understanding ; young Christians performe more duties , and withall spoile more duties ; young Carpenters make many chips : But the more spirituall your performances grow , the more fruit there is to be esteemed that there is in them . It is not the bignesse of the fruit , or juycinesse of them , for then crabs were better then apples , but the relish it is that gives the commendation : And it is the end you have therein , that puts this relish into them : when your ends are raised more to aime at God , and to sanctifie him more , and to debase your selves in a sense of your owne vilenesse , and emptinesse , and unability ; and when your obedience proceeds more out of thankfulnesse , and lesse out of the constraint of conscience . As the greatest growth of wicked men is in spirituall wickednesse , ( in which the Pharisees grew , and sinners against the holy Ghost doe grow , when yet it may be they leave more grosse evils ) so the greatest growth of grace is in spirituall holinesse , in sanctifying God much in the heart , and worshipping him in spirit and truth . Fourthly , when a man grows more rooted into Christ , that is the true growth ; and that which makes the fruit to be more in Gods sight and esteeme : therefore Eph. 4. 15. we are said to grow up in him ; that is , to live the life we lead , more out of our selves and in Christ : as when for the acceptation of our persons we are emptied of our owne righteousnesse ; so for strength to performe duties , we are emptied of our abilities , seeing without him we can doe nothing : So when for acceptation of our performances when we have done them , our hearts have learnt habitually to say more and more with the Apostle , Not I , but Christ in me ; when we interest Christ more and more in all we doe , as the efficient and also the finall cause . And therefore I observe when growth of grace is mentioned , it is still expressed by growing in the knowledge of Christ : So 2 Pet. 3. 17. Grow in grace , and in the knowledge of Christ ; as if to grow in grace without him , were nothing , as indeed it is not . So in the Ephesians we are said both to grow up in him , and for him . Philosophers did grow in morall vertues , but not in Christ ; so doe Civill men and others ; Temporaries doe duties from him , but yet as in themselves ; as the Ivie that hath sap from the Oake , but concocts it in its owne roote , and so brings forth as from it selfe . To doe one duty , sanctifying Christ and free grace in the heart , is more then a thousand : young Christians , it may be , doe more works , but not as works of grace : and the more men think by duties to get Christ , and Gods favour , the more in duties they trust , and so they become as works of the Law ; but the more dead a man grows to the Law ; and to live to Christ , and Christ in him ; and the more free grace is acknowledged in all , trusted in above all ; the more Evangelicall our works are , and the more to God , ( for that is the end of the Gospell , to honour Christ and free grace ) the more we grow . We are of the Circumcision , sayes the Apostle , who rejoyce in the Lord Jesus , worship God in the spirit , and have no confidence in the flesh , Phil. 4. As these are the surest signs of true grace , so of true Growth . Fifthly , the more we learne to bring forth fruits in season , the more fruit we may be said to bring forth : For the seasonable performance of them makes them more . All the fruits in their season , how acceptable are they ? which out of season , they are not . In the first Psalme a righteous man is said to bring forth his fruits in due season : and in the Proverbs , Words in season are as apples of gold and pictures of silver . In Ezek. 41. they are said to bring forth pleasant fruits in their moneths ; as in reproving he is not so much to reprove , as to reprove in season ; to have our senses exercised to know fit seasons , and to consider one another to provoke to love , as it is Heb. 10. Young Christians doe more , but more out of season , and the devill abuseth them , putting them upon duties , when they would be at their refreshings , at their callings ; he deceiving them with this , that holy duties in themselves as alone simply compared , are better then to doe any thing else ; when as the season adds the goodnesse to our actions : Thus to recreate thy self at some seasons is better then to be a praying . A righteous man orders his conversation aright , Psal . 50. and order gives a rectitude , a goodnesse to things . Sixthly , when we grow more constant in performances , and more even in a godly course , and setled in spirituall affections without intermission , it is a signe we grow . It argues that our inward man is more renewed day by day , when we can walke closely with God a long while together . A righteous man is compared to the Palme tree , whose leafe never fades , Psal . 1. whereas other trees bring forth by fits : And by fits to be much in duties , is not a signe of growth , but weaknesse ; it is out of inordinacie ; and of such a frame are young Christians hearts , like new lute strings , which when they are wound up high , are still a falling ever and anon ; whereas strings setled long on an instrument , will stand long , and not slip downe . Seventhly , a man may be said to grow and bring forth more fruit , when although the difficulties of doing duties become greater , and his means lesse , yet he continues to doe them , and this though it may be he doth no more then he did before . For a tree to bring forth much fruit in cold weather , or standing in the shade , is more then in summer , or when it stands in the sun . I know thy work , thy labour , [ and thy patience ] Rev. 2. 13. When a man though he doe fewer works , yet with much labour , having it may be now a body growne weake ; or holds out in the profession of the wayes of God , with more scoffes , and hazarding more , in a place where Satans throne is , this makes a little done for Christ a great deale : So when a man thrives with a little trading , with small means of grace , and yet exceedeth those that have more ; to pray , and to continue to doe so , though the streame is against us , and gales cease ; to pray and to continue to pray , when we heare no answers but the contrary . It is noted of Daniel , that he did the Kings businesse after he had been sick , Dan. 8. 27. and so he prayed ( you know ) when he ventured his life for it : when we have lesse straw to make the same number of brick with ; lesse wages , lesse encouragements , and yet doe as much work with chearfulnesse . 8. When a man though he doth lesse for the outward bulk , yet grows more wise and faithfull to lay out all his opportunities and abilities to the best advantage , this is to bring forth more fruit . Thus Moses who at first began to heare himselfe all causes both small and great , but in the end he gave over the lesser causes to others , and reserved the hearing of the greater to himselfe , Exod. 18. 10. yet still he continued to doe more , and laid himselfe out to the greater advantage : His former course would in the end have killed him ; Thou wilt wear away like a leafe , saith Jethro to him : So the Apostle who strived to preach the Gospell where Christ had not been knowne , Rom. 15. 20. When a man forbeares lesser things to lay out all for the Churches advantage ; lesse ventures himselfe in a smaller course ( unlesse particularly called to it ) not out of fearfulnesse but faithfulnesse , and will lay all the stock on it in a greater : Young Christians are as young Fencers , they strike hand over head , downe right blowes : whereas if they would consider their brother , or a wicked man whom they would reprove , as skilfull fencers do , and at an advantage hit them a good blow , is it not much better ? when a man watcheth in all things , as he exhorts Timothy , 2 Tim. 4. 5. and serves the season , as some reade it , Rom. 12. 11. that is , waits for the best advantages of doing good , both which may stand with fervencie of spirit , and enduring afflictions , for so the next words are in both those places . A man is no lesse liberall that studies how to lay out his money to most charitable uses , though he gives lesse to fewer particulars . We live in a wicked world , and godly men cannot do what they would , as wicked men also cannot . When therefore a man looks about him , and studies to improve himselfe to the utmost advantage for God in his place , to lay out his credit , his parts , and all for God , as a faithfull Factor in the best wares , though he deales in fewer particulars , he may notwithstanding bring forth more fruit . And thus much for matter of Tryall about the first thing , positive growth in fruitfulnesse . THE TRYALL OF A CHRISTIANS GROWTH . THE SECOND PART . Of Growth in MORTIFICATION , or Gods purging out Corruption , — He purgeth it , that it may bring forth more fruit . CHAP. I. The Observation out of the Text propounded , That God goes on to purge corruptions out of true branches : Bounds set to this discourse about it , according to the scope of the Text : The reasons of the point . I Come now to the Tryall of our Growth in that other part of Sanctification , namely , the Mortification of lusts , and purging out of corruptions , which the Text also cals for ; Christ here saying not onely that they bring forth more fruit , but that God purgeth them that they may bring forth more fruit . The Observation from which words is clearly this , That God chuseth true branches to grow , in a purging out of their corruptions , as in true fruitfulnesse . In the handling of this point , I shall doe these foure things : First , set the bounds and limits of this Discourse about it , according to Christs intendment , as here he speaks of it . Secondly , give some reasons of the point . Thirdly , shew the wayes which God useth to carry on the progresse in this work . Fourthly , give some helps of Tryall about it . Now for the first , the explication and limiting this point unto Christs intendment here , that so I may onely so far handle it as the scope of the words will beare , I premise these three things about it . 1. That purging here intended , ( which is indeed all one with Mortification , and emptying out sin out of our hearts and lives ) is to be restrained here to the progresse of a Christian in that work , and not as taking in with it that first work of mortification wrought at a mans first conversion : so as I intend not now to lay open to you the nature of mortification , and what it is , by way of Common place , but onely intend to speak of Growth in it : for of that Christ speaks , because it is such a purging , as is after bringing forth some fruit , and whereof the end is to bring forth more fruit . Neither 2. are we so much to speak of it here , as it is a duty to be done by us , ( though it be so ) but as it is a work of God upon us , which he takes care to goe through with , and perfect in all those who are fruitfull : for he speaks here of it rather as an act of Gods , He purgeth , then as it is to be an act of ours , that we ought to purge our selves ; though both doe goe together , as in that speech , Rom. 8. We by the Spirit doe mortifie the deeds of the flesh ; so as that which is proper to the point in hand , for the explication of it , ( as here in this place it is laid downe ) is not so much to give you motives or meanes of purging your selves , as to shew you the wayes and courses God takes still one way or other to purge his children by , that they may be more fruitfull . And yet 3. in this work of Mortification , considered thus in the progresse of it , we are not meer passives , ( as at that finall perfecting and finishing of it , and carrying away all sin at death we are , and are at that first habituall beginning of it , at conversion ) but therein we are workers together with God : ( We being purged from sinne , as the body is by physick from humours ; though the physick work , yet nature joynes with the physick , being quickned and helped by it , to cast out the humours : For give a dead man physick , and it carryes not any humours away : ) So as those meanes whereby God purgeth us , are not to be imagined to doe it as meer physicall agents , like as the pruning hook cuts off branches from a tree , or as when a Surgeon cuts out dead flesh ; but these meanes doe it by stirring up our graces , and quickning them , and by setting our thoughts , and faith , and affections awork , and so God assisting with the power of Christs death , he doth purge us daily , by making his word , afflictions , and the like , to set our thoughts awork against sinne , and so to cast it forth . It is certaine , that unlesse our thoughts work upon the meanes , as well as the meanes work upon us , and so doe mingle themselves with those meanes ; that unlesse faith and Christs death be mingled in the heart , it purgeth not : And therefore it is said as well that we purge our selves . So 2 Tim. 2. 20. and also 1 John 3. 3. and Rom. 8. that we by the Spirit mortifie the deeds of the flesh , as it is said that God purgeth us , ( which is the thing affirmed here ) because God still in going on to purge us , doth it by stirring up our graces , and useth therein acts of our faith , and love , and many motives and considerations to stir up our graces so to effect it . Now 2. for the reasons that move God thus to goe on to purge corruptions out of his children . First , because Jesus Christ hath purchased an eternall divorce betweene corruption and our hearts : He hath bought off all our corruptions , and redeemed us from all iniquitie . Titus 2. 14. He gave himselfe for us , that he might redeeme us from all iniquitie , and purifie unto himselfe a peculiar people , and God will have the price of Christs bloud ●ut . Secondly , because God desires more and more to have delight in us , and to draw nigh to us , and therefore he more and more goes on to purge us ; For though he loves us at first , when full of corruptions , yet he cannot so much delight in us as he would , nor have that communion with us , no more then a Husband can with a wife , who hath an unsavoury breath , or a loathsome disease . They must therefore be purified for his bed , as Hester was for Ahasuerus . Draw nigh to God , sayes James , and I will draw nigh to you , James 4. 8 , 9. but then you must Cleanse your hands , and purifie your hearts , as it follows there ; God else hath no delight to draw nigh to you . Thirdly , he daily purgeth his that they may be fit for use and service ; for unlesse he purged them , he could not use them in honourable imployments , such as to suffer or to stand for him , in what concernes his glory , they would be unfit for such uses , as a vessel is that is unscoured . Therefore 2 Tim. 2. 21. If a man purge himselfe from these , he shall be a vessell unto honour : that is , he shall be used in honourable employments , and not laid aside ; and he shall be meet for his masters use , as vessells kept cleane ; when on the sudden the master hath occasion to use them , and to have them served in . Fourthly , that as our persons , so that our services may be more and more acceptable ; that our prayers and such performances may savour lesse of gifts , and pride , and selfe-love , and carnall desires : So Mal. 3. 3 , 4. it is said , He shall sit as a purifier of silver , and he shall purifie the sonnes of Levi , as gold is purified , from their drosse , that they may offer to the Lord an offering in righteousnesse , and then shall their offerings be pleasant to the Lord. The more the heart and life is purged , the more acceptable your prayers are , and your obedience , and all you doe . CHAP. II. The wayes God useth to purge out our corruptions : and meanes whereby he causeth us to grow therein . NOw in the third place , for the wayes whereby God goes on to purge us , there are many and divers , he blesseth all sorts of meanes and dealings of his to accomplish it . First , he useth occasionall meanes to doe it , and blesseth them , as even falling into sins . Thus it was with David when he fell , thereby God set him anew upon this work , as by his prayer appears , Psal . 51. Oh purge me , make me cleane . Secondly , by casting them into afflictions . So Dan. 11. 35. They shall fall to purge them , and make them white . What the Word doth not purge out , nor mercies , that afflictions must . These Vines must be cut till they bleed . Summer purgeth out the outward humours that lie in the skin by sweating , but winter concocteth the inward by driving in the heart , and so purgeth away the humours that lye in the inward parts , and so what by the one , what by the other , the body is kept in health . Thus mercies prevaile against some sins , and afflictions against others . Moses neglected to circumcise his child , ( as we doe our hearts , it is such a bloody work ) till God met him , and would have killed him : and in like manner God sometimes puts us in the feare or danger of losing our lives , casts us into sicknesses , and the like , making as if he meant to kill us , and all to bring us off to this work of purging , to circumcise our hearts . As these occasionall , so also instrumentall instituted helps , as his Word : So Eph. 5. 26. Christ is said to cleanse his Church with the washing of water by the Word : by the Word spoken , either in preaching , or in conference . So in the very next words to my text , Now ye are cleane through the words I have [ spoken unto you : ] they had then received the Sacraments , and had heard a good Sermon . The Word at once discovers the sin , and sets the hearts against it ; It was ignorant , till I went into the Sanctuary : There goes a light with it to see sin after another manner , although a man did know it afore , and then the Word sets out the vilenesse of a sinne ; and to heare a sinne declaimed against , and reproved , sets an exasperation upon the mind against it , and so a man goes home , and sets upon it to kill it and destroy it . Or else by the Word meditated upon , as by keeping some truth or other fresh and sweet in the mind , which the mind cheweth on ; God fastens the mind upon some new promise , or new discovered signe of a mans estate , and these cleanse him , 2 Cor. 7. 1. or upon some Attribute of his , and that quickens the inward man , and overcomes the outward : some consideration or other every day God doth make familiar to a mans spirit , to talk with him , ( as the phrase is Pro. 6. ) and to keep him company , and usually some new one ; God leading us through varieties of sweet truths to chew upon , one this day , and another to morrow , and these have an exceeding purging vertue in them , they keep the purging issue open , even as those that have issues made in their armes or legs , use to have a pease , or some such small thing , to lie in the orifice of the issue to keepe it open ; and so doth such a new truth with spirituall light discovered , still keepe the purging issue of sinne open , and drawes out the filth , and keeps the heart ; so sayes Salomon Pro. 6. 21 , 22 , and 24. observe the coherence there , and it is as if he had said , Keepe this command fresh in mind , and it shall keep thee . God useth also the examples of others as meanes to provoke a man to purge himselfe . Example of those that have been Professors , and falne away ; they provoke a man to set fresh upon this worke , lest that the like sins should prevaile against him also , and cause him to fall ▪ Therefore the Apostle , when he heard of Hymenaeus and Philetus their fall , 2 Tim. 2. ●9 . Let every one , sayes he , that calls upon the name of the Lord , make this use of it , to depart from iniquity : And it followes . If you [ purge your selves ] from these , ye shall be vessels of honour . It follows upon that occasion . Examples of holy men : To heare very holy men speak what victory over lusts may be attained here , doth much provoke another to purge himselfe , who else would content himselfe with a lesser degree : So Phil. 3. 17. In the last place , there are many inward workings upon the heart , whereby God goes on still to purge us . First , by a further discovering of corruptions unto us ; either a greater filthinesse in the evils we saw afore , or to see more of them , and by what one sees to suspect more . God never discovers lusts to his , but to carry them away ; he stirs the humours , to purge them : Thus when David saw his sinne , he sets anew upon cleansing himselfe in the 19. Psal . comming new from taking a view of his heart , and having seen such volumes of corruptions , so many Errataes in all that he did , he cryes out , Who can understand his errors ? and withall , Oh cleanse me from secret sinnes . He then saw secret evils , and suspected more then as yet he saw ; and this made him cry out , Oh cleanse me , and so to use all means , and to goe to God to cleanse him . So when in the 15. Psal . God let downe a light to let him but see the corruption of his nature afresh , that he was borne in sinne , and had no truth there , more falshood then he could ever have imagined , Oh purge me , sayes he upon it . Secondly , he sets the heart on work to make it a businesse to get ones lusts mortified more and more , and not to rest in the measure attained . Phil. 3. 1. Paul forgot what was behind , he did still desire to have more fellowshig with Christ in his death and sufferings , in the death of sinne ; when a mans heart is set upon the worke , as that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , he came into the world for , as David , who took up a resolution , I said I would look to may wayes ; so when a man hath said unto himselfe , I will grow in grace , as they say , I will be rich , 2 Tim. 6. and so looks at it as his businesse , being as much convinced of this , that he should be more holy , as he was at first that he was to be new borne ; when growth of grace is as much in a mans eye , as getting grace at first was , and as great a necessity made of the one as of the other . This conviction many want , and so take no care to grow more holy and more pure . Phil. 3. 15. If any be otherwise minded , ( sayes the Apostle ) that there is no such absolute necessity of going on still to perfection , God shall reveale it to him . God doth reveale and set on this upon every godly mans heart at one time or another , and so goes on to purge them . And this is also expressed to us , 1 Pet. 4. 1. For as much as Christ hath suffered for us in the flesh , [ let us arme ] our selves with the same mind ; namely , to mortifie our lusts : for it follows , He that hath suffered in the flesh , that is , hath mortified his lusts , hath ceased from sinne . That same arming there , is Gods putting into the mind a strong and invincible resolution to go through with this worke ; when he armes and steeles it against all difficulties , all encounters . This is meant by arming us with the same mind ; That as Christ looked upon it as his businesse why he came into the world , even to suffer for us ; so for us to look upon it as our businesse , to crucifie our lusts . When therefore we intend all our indeavours upon this worke , and mind nothing in comparison , pray for nothing more , receive Sacraments for this purpose , and heare and performe all other duties with an eye to this , prosecute this businesse as the main ; when God hath put such a resolution into a man , and preserves it , then he goes on to purge him . Thirdly , God doth it by drawing the sap and juice of the affections of the heart more and more into holy duties , and into obedience ; when that intention of mind , as our morning thoughts , and the like , which we formerly spent upon vanities , are now drawn into prayer and holy meditations , then lusts doe wither ; and when our care is how to please God more , and our hearts are more in the duties of obedience , then doth corruption shale off more and more ; and thus by diverting our intentions , doth God worke out corruptions . And looke , as the Sun doth draw up the sap out of the root , so doth Christ draw out the heart at some times more then at others to holy duties , and unto communion with himselfe in the duties : this killeth sin , and causeth it to wither , namely , by taking away the sap , that is , that intention of mind which doth usually nourish it : Thus 1 Pet. 1. 22. We purifie our hearts by obeying the truth . Fourthly , by bringing the heart more and more acquainted with Christ his Sonne : ( which is the Fathers work to doe , for none comes to the Son , but whom the Father draws ) Now how many soules are there , who have gone puddring on ( as I may so speak ) in the use of other meanes , and though in the use thereof Christ hath communicated some vertue to them , yet because they did not trade with him chiefly in those duties , they have had little in comparison to what afterwards they have had , when he hath been discovered to them , as that great ordinance who is appointed by God to get their lusts mortified . Afore this they have washt , and washt , but they have washt without sope , untill Christ hath been thus revealed to them , and the vertue of his death , and rising againe , which is compared , Mal. 3. unto Fullers sope , &c. In the 13. Zach. 1. it is said , that God opens a fountaine to the house of David , for sinne and for uncleannesse : that is , for the guilt of sinne , and the power of sinne . Now by that opening is not meant the promise of sending his Sonne into the world to be crucified , but the discovery of him to beleevers after his being crucified : For Chap. 12. 10. he is supposed to be crucified already , for they there see him whom they have pierced ; therefore that opening there is meant the discovery of him to his people , and him to be the great ordinance of cleansing them . Now the more distinctly a man understands Christ , and how to make use of him , ( who is already made Sanctification to us ) the more easily he gets his lusts purged ; such an one that trades immediately with Christ , will doe more in a day , then another in a yeare ; for seeing that the power of purging us lies immediately in him ; and that he is the purging drug which mingles it selfe with the Word , and all meanes else , and sets them all aworke : therefore the more of him we have , and the more immediate application we have of him to us , and of his power , the more recourse our hearts have to him , the more our lusts are purged ; as it is in drugs or minerals , if the infusion and steeping of them in liquors will worke ; how much more if the substance of them be taken downe inwardly and immediately ? now this comes to passe , as God doth goe on to open our faith to see him , and know him , and to be acquainted with him : for so the Apostle expresseth it , Phil. 3. That I may know him , and the power of his resurrection . The more we look upon all means else in the use of them as ineffectuall without him , the more power we shall find from him . Fiftly , by assuring the soule of his love , and shedding it abroad in the heart , and by working spirituall joy in the heart , doth God also purge his people : And to work all these is in Gods power immediately and solely ; I am Crucified with Christ , Gal. 2. 20. And how ? by beleeving that Christ gave himselfe for me , and loved me . This deads a man to the world , makes a man crucifie that which Christ was crucified for , and this makes a man hate sinne , the more he loves Christ , or apprehends his love ; And it doth this in a double relation or respect , not onely because sin so displeaseth him , nor onely as it is contrary to his will , but because it did afflict him so much once , and because to take sinne away was the intent he came into the world : for so 1 John 3. ver . 4. although a beleever is said to mortifie sinne upon this consideration indeed , that it is the transgression of the Law ; yet much more upon this other , because Christ was manifest to take sinnes away : and the more assurance I have of another life and a better , and of being like Christ hereafter , the more a man purgeth himselfe to be fit for that condition : He that hath this hope in him , purgeth himselfe as he is pure ; so in the 2. ver . of that 3. of John. The more joy a man hath in Christ , the more deaded he must needs be to the world ; the one eats up the other : for the ground of all sinne is but the love of pleasure ; now if I find it in God , and Christ , it deads me for seeking it in the world : For Omnis vita gustu ducitur , All life is maintained by a taste of some sweetnesse . Now when the sweetnesse of sin , the relish of it is spoiled by the taste of a greater , it must needs die and abate ; and though that sweetnesse from God doth not alwayes remaine in the present taste and relish of it , yet it leaves such an impression behind it , that whatever a man tasts after , it hath no relish with him , in comparison ; still he sayes the old is better : and though the taste of one sinfull pleasure may take us off from another , yet none but a contrary pleasure doth kill the sinne , and the pleasure in it . CHAP. III. The tryall of Mortification : and that first by Negative signes ; or such as argue much corruption yet remaining unpurged out . I Will now come to that third thing which was propounded , namely , Helps whereby you may discerne what progresse hath been made in this work : And as I said at first , that my purpose was not so much to handle Mortification in the common place of it , as onely growth therein ; So those things I shall now deliver about discerning the measure of it , I intend them not so much for Signes of mortification , as Rules whereby we may judge how this worke goes forward in us , and how far we are still short in it . And first , I will handle it negatively , and give you such symptomes , as argue much corruption , a great deale of humours yet remaining to be purged out : Such as argue little proficiency in this worke , though such as withall true grace may be supposed to be in the heart . 1. When a man doth magnifie , and sets a high price upon worldly and carnall excellencies and pleasures ; is much taken with outward things , and carryed away with them : Or when ( though we restrain our selves from the eager pursuit after them , yet if ) in your eyes and opinions they seeme glorious and goodly things , and oh we secretly think the enjoying such a pleasure , the obtaining such an excellencie , or such or such a condition of life , accommodated with such and such conveniences and circumstances , would be so great an addition of happinesse to us ; this argues a green heart , much want of mortification , though truth of grace be there . These Apostles , to whom Christ spake this Parable of the Vine , ( and unto them especially ) how were they affected , and transported with a trifle ? Even that very night that Christ was to be attached , they strive for precedencie , and who should be the greatest amongst them ▪ Luk. 22. who should be chiefe of that noble order : And it was such a precedencie which they affected , as Noblemen have in Kingdomes , as appears by the following words : they shewed themselves but Gentiles in it , ( as ver . 25. Christ insinuates ) who stand upon their blood and their outward priviledges : It was not for nothing Christ tels them in this Parable , they needed purging ; but the reason was , they were but children yet , and babes in Christ , now in their minority , and were not weaned from rattles and trifles , Christ was not yet crucified , not they so throughly crucified with him , as they were afterwards : The holy Ghost had not yet come upon them , as fire to burne up their lusts , and to consume this their drosse . That other Apostle , Paul , ( who sayes of himselfe , that he was borne out of time , in comparison to them ) had attained to a greater measure , he glorying in this as his highest title , that he was the least of the Apostles . This magnifying of outward things in our conceits and opinions , is indeed but knowing things after the flesh , as the Apostle speaks , 2 Cor. 5. 16. because the flesh doth fascinate and corrupt the judgment , in judging our selves by such things . And this argues exceeding much want of mortification , for it is lust that puts that lustre , and glosse , and varnish upon the things of the world ; for the things in themselves are vaine , and we have had experience that they are such ; How comes it then we should esteeme them , and be taken with them , that we should have such high conceits of them ? It is by reason of our lusts unpurged out , which represent them falsely : and therefore it is observable , that John , 1 Epist . 2. 16. speaking of the things of the world , he puts the lust which is in us to expresse the things themselves : He sayes not , riches , and preferment , &c. ( though he speaks of them ) but the lusts of the eye , and pride of life , ( so he expresseth them ) because they are these lusts , makes the things so glorious to us , and sets a price upon them . And therefore so much magnifying and high esteeme of outward things as there is in us , so much inordinate lust there is in the heart after them , and so much want of mortification ; and when these lusts boiling in us fume up so high as to intoxicate and corrupt our esteeme and judgments ( which though grace should keep us from pursuing these vanities ) that yet we look upon them with a wanton eye , and thinke great matters in them , and think our selves as it were debarred and restrained of so much of our happinesse , whilst we want , and cannot enjoy them , this argues an unmortifyednesse : for herein lies the power of mortification , even to count all things drosse and dung , to looke upon them as crucified things , to have them seeme all as withered flowers , as small things , as he speaks of mans esteeme , 1 Cor. 4. 3. Secondly , when our minds are carried out to superfluities , and more then needs , and are discontented with our own condition , though it be such as might content us , this argues a great want of purging , this is from superfluity , of humours abounding in the heart . When they in the wildernesse , though they had Manna , yet they must have Quails also ; when there are such extravagant affections in us , that we thinke any other condition would please us better then our owne , this argues much unmortifyednesse , though it run not out into acts ; it is the superfluity of naughtinesse , the excesse of corruption that thinks stolne meate sweet , as in the Proverbs . When our longings are wild and humorous , like the longings of women with child , whom nothing but some one odde thing they have set their fancie on , will please ; like sick mens stomachs , with whom nothing will down that is provided for them , but still they have a mind rather to something else ; so nor we with what God allots us . And when we are environed about with comforts , yet all are nothing , if some one be wanting . Such unmortifyed lusts we see in Sampson , though a good man , yet none of the daughters of Israel could please , but he must have one of the Philistims , Judg. 14. 3. Thirdly , when our minds are so glued to any thing , as we cannot tell how to part with it , how to lose such a friend , or such a conveniencie , we would think our selves halfe undone if such or such a thing should fall out ; Davids heart was full of humours , and needed purging , when he ventured so much of his comfort in his Absalom alone , that when he was cast away , he wisht he had dyed for him . It is good often to try our hearrs , by supposing the worst that can befall us . What if a change should come , such a thing I should be put to ; to see how the heart can beare it . When some men have a losse in their estates and riches , it is as it were raked out of their bellies , as Zophar speaks , Job 20. 15. and a piece even of their very heart goes with them . Fourthly , when a man is still distempered under variety of conditions and businesses , and is inordinate in them all , it argues much unmortifiednesse : As if he be to recreate himselfe , he is inordinate in it , and knows not when to end , and fall to his calling againe ; if to study , then he is also as violent in it , and entrenches upon the duties should keep up his soule in health , as also upon the necessary refreshings his body requires . Broach the vessell where you will , if still it runs muddy and thick , it is a signe the vessell is full of ill liquor . To be distempered in some one particular is lesse , but when in every vein that is opened , much corrupt bloud comes forth , it is a signe the body is full of humours , and needs purging . A man that is in an ague , and when the cold fit takes him , he is extreme cold , and when the hot fit comes , he is on the contrary as extreame hot , it is a signe he is full of humours , which as they are purged out , one or the other abates , or both ; if when a man abounds , then he is commonly confident , and forgets God ; if when he wants , then he is as much on the other side distempered , and grows solicitous , distrustfull . Sound bodies can beare sudden alteration of heat and cold , but distempered weak bodies cannot . Nature cannot beare a sudden alteration , but much Grace can ; I know how to want , I know how to abound , Phil. 4. 12. He was much therefore mortified ; he could work hard in Summer , without much sweating , and he could undergoe the cold of Winter without catarrhs and such weaknesses as others are subject to ; his soule was well purged of humours . And so Job had learnt to blesse God when all was gone ; he was a man throughly mortifyed before , he had carryed himselfe in his best estate without security and carnall rejoycing ; thus he sayes of himselfe that he made not gold his hope , nor his confidence , nor had rejoyced because his wealth was great , Job 31. 25. and answerably he behaves himselfe in his worst estate with patience and thanksgiving . Fiftly , the more carnall confidence we have in the creatures , and beare our selves upon them , and have our spirits strengthned and upholden by them , the more want of mortification . The Corinthians , though godly , yet they were very unmortifyed , therefore the Apostle sayes , they were rather carnall then spirituall , 1 Cor. 3. 1. Now this their carnall mindednesse , among other things , was expressed in their carnall confidence they had in outward things ; they had riches , and gifts , and learning , and they did swim in these ; and reigned and domineered in their owne thoughts , and excelled all other Churches in their owne opinions and so despised others in comparison , they were carryed aloft by these waxen wings , which I take to be the Apostles meaning , 1 Cor. 4. 8. Now ye are full , now ye are rich , ye have reigned : they had riches , and gifts , &c. and they thought themselves as Kings , full of happinesse , having the world afore them , and were filled with conceits of it ; and I wuold to God you did reigne , sayes he : that is , that it were not regnum in capite , in your owne conceits onely ; and that there were indeed such reall cause to applaud your own conditions . We are of the Circumcision , sayes the Apostle , and have no confidence in the flesh , Phil. 1. 3. The more the heart is truly circumcised , ( of which he there speakes in opposition to those who rested in outward circumcision ) it trusteth not , nor beareth not it selfe upon outward things , priviledges and endowments , as riches , bloud , credit , learning , righteousnesse ; these , when the heart is not circumcised , doe puffe it up , but we , sayes he , have no confidence in the flesh , either for comfort , or for justification , or any thing else ; but we rejoyce in Christ Jesus . Sixtly , the more full of envyings , and heart-burnings against others , and of breakings forth into strife our hearts are , and of strivings and contentions to get the credit , or riches , or victory away from others , &c. the more unmortified are our hearts , & the more need of purging . These overflowings of the gall and spleen , come from a fulnesse of bad humours . Whereas there is among you envying and strife , are ye not carnall ? 1 Cor. 3. 3. That is , this argues you to be such , for envie and strife are not onely lusts in themselves , but further they are such lusts , as are always the children and fruit of some other ; they are rooted in , and spring from inordinate affections to some things which we contend for ; and accordingly if this fire of envie or strife prove great , it argues the fuell , that is , the lusts after the things we envie others for , to be much more : For envie is but an oblique lust , founded on some more direct lust : these are but the outward flushings , that shew the distemper to be much more within : Jam. 4. 1. From whence comes wars and fightings amongst you ? come they not hence , even of your lusts which fight in your members ? There is something the heart would have , as it follows in the 2. ver . Ye lust and have not , &c. A contentious spirit is an unmortifyed spirit ; If ye bite and devour one another , Gal. 5. 15. This I say then , walk in the spirit , and ye shall not fulfill the lusts of the flesh . Mark the coherence , it comes in upon biting one at another , for such walke not in the spirit , flesh doth prevaile in them , that is his meaning . Seventhly , the lesse able we are to heare reproofs for the breakings forth of our lusts , the more unmortifyed it argues our hearts to be : it is a signe we love those much , whom we cannot endure to heare spoken against : therefore sayes the Apostle , Be swift to heare , but slow to wrath ; take heed of raging when you are toucht ; And it follows a verse after , Casting away all superfluity , receive the word with meeknesse , for it is your lusts uncast out , unpurged , that cause that wrath and heart-boiling against reproofe . That good King was in a great distemper of spirit , when he cast the Prophet in prison that reproved him , for he oppressed the people also at the same time , as is said , 2 Chron. 16. 10. he was then taken in the spring-tide , and swelling of his lusts of covetousnesse and oppression ; they brake downe all that withstood and opposed the current of them : and if ( as he in this fit at this time , so ) we be found in such passionate tempers upon such occasions of reproof ordinarily , it argues the habituall frame of our hearts to be much unmortifyed , as this argued him at this time to have beene actually much distempered . Eighthly , the more quick and speedy the temptation is in taking , the more unmortified the heart is : When an object at the first presenting makes the lust to rise , and passeth through at the very first presenting of it , and soaks into the heart , as oile into the bones , and runs through all ; when a man is gunpowder to temptations , and it is but touch and take , so as there needes not much blowing , but the heart is presently on fire , as Prov. 7. 22. it is said , He went [ straight-way ] after her . A man will find that when his heart is actually in a good temper , a temptation doth not so easily take : his heart is then , though tinder , yet as wet tinder , that is more slow in taking . As there is a preparednesse to good works , so there is a preparednesse to evill ; when the heart is in a covetous humour , and will be rich , then a man falls into temptations and a snare , 1 Tim. 6. His lusts will nibble at every bait in every thing he deales in ; they will take presently : when the heart is thus bird-limed , then it cleaves to every thing it meets with . It is a signe that the heart is not awake to righteousnesse as the Apostle speaks , but to sin rather , when a little occasion awakeneth a lust , and rouzeth it ; as when on the contrary , if a great deale of jogging will not awaken a mans grace . Ninthly , the more our lusts have power to disturb us in holy duties , and the more they prevaile with the heart then , the more unmortified and profane the heart is ; as to have uncleane glances in hearing , and worldly thoughts then ordinarily to possesse the heart , and to take it up much ; They are prophane ( sayes God , Jer. 23. 11. ) for in my house I have found their wickednesse . If the heart be carryed away , and overcome with uncleane and worldly thoughts then , this argues much unmortifyednesse , and that the flesh is indeed much above the spirit : For why , then a man is in Gods presence , and that should overcome and over-awe the unregenerate part , if it were not impudent and outragious ; and besides , then the regenerate part hath the advantage , for the Word and the Ordinance is a stirring of it up , and provoking it to holynesse : And therefore that at such a time a mans lusts should be able to tempt and seduce a mans heart , it argues sinne hath a great part in the heart , when it affronts God in his throne , when grace is in Solio , where it would be ; for the Disciples then to be talking who should be greatest , when Christ had made so long a Sermon to them , and had administred the Sacrament to them , this argued much want of mortification in them ; even as it were a signe that the orthodox party were but a weak party in a Kingdome , if whilst they are at Sermons , Papists durst come in and disturb them , and put them out . Tenthly , when the recalling former acts committed by a man , prove still to be a snare to him ; and being suggested by Satan as a means to quicken his lust , the thought thereof doth rather stir up his lust afresh , it is a signe of an unmortifyed frame . Thus is it laid to the charge of that Nation , Ezech. 23. 21. That she multiplyed her whoredomes in calling to remembrance the dayes of her youth , wherein she had played the harlot in the land of Egypt : The remembrance of them was a snare to her , as appeares by the 8. verse ▪ . It is a signe a man is deeply in love , when as he falls in love with the picture ; when the remembrance of whence he is falne , should make him repent , that it should on the contrary cause him to commit the same sinne againe , it is a signe flesh hath much the better . To have the mind stirred with new objects and new temptations , may stand with far lesse corruption , and more grace , then to have it stirred afresh with the remembrance of the old ; to find sweetnesse in a lust twice sod , which we have also often steept ( as I may so speak ) in godly sorrow and hatred of it , and so boiled it in sowre hearbs ; yet still to find sweetnesse in the remembrance of such an act , this argues much corruption . As the Apostle argues the sinfulnesse and strength of corrupt nature in him , that the law which was holy and good , should stir up his lust whilst unregenerate : So may we , when the thought of a sin which should stir up godly sorrow , should provoke and tickle corrupt nature againe . Indeed that the new scent of meat should have moved the Israelites , would not have been so much ; but that the remembrance of their flesh-pots should doe it . That speech Rom. 8. where we are commanded to mortifie the deeds of the flesh , may admit among other this interpretation also , that not onely the lusts , but even former deeds and acts committed , which may prove an occasion of sin to us , and have a fresh verdure in our eye , are to be mortifyed . CHAP. IV. Positive signes of Growth in Mortification , and Gods purging of us . AND so now I come to the second sort of signes , namely , Positive signes of growth in Mortification , and of Gods purging of us . First , the more insight a man hath into spirituall corruptions , together with a conflict against them , the more growth he hath attained unto in purging out corruptions : So as that now the chiefest of his conflict is come to be with spirituall lusts , not worldly lusts and grosse evils ; it is an evidence of his progresse in this worke . These ordinarily are sure rules , that whilst a mans conflict is with more outward grosse evills , as uncleannesse , worldly mindnesse , &c. so long and so much he is kept from the sight of those inward , hidden , close corruptions , which sit nighest to the heart : As also on the contrary , the more a man is freed from , and hath got victory over such more outward evills , the more his thoughts and intentions are bent inward to the discovery of the other more spirituall wickednesses . And the reason is , for these spirituall lusts , as pride , carnall confidence in a mans owne graces , self-flattery , presumption , and the like , these corruptions lie ( as I may so expresse it , ) more up in the heart of the countrey ; but those other of worldly lusts , lye as it were in the Frontiers , and skirts of it ; and therefore , untill such time as a man hath in some good measure overcome those that encounter him at the Borders , he comes not to have so through a discovery , and constant conflict with those that lie higher up in the heart ; Let us cleanse our selves from all pollution both of flesh and spirit , sayes the Apostle , ● Cor. 7. Which implyes , that there are two sorts of corruptions , one of the flesh , or body ; the other , of the spirit , or soule : for so the opposition there is to be taken , for else all lusts are lusts of the flesh , that is , of corrupt nature . Againe , such corruptions cause a blindnesse that a man cannot see afar off , as 2 Pet. Chap. 1. Whilst a scholar that learnes a Tongue , hath not learned to escape all grosser faults in Grammaticall construction , he cannot be supposed to have come to know the Elegancies of the Tongue , nor see his errors therein ; so nor doe men come to be Critiques indeed , and cunningly skilfull in the more curious Errataes of their hearts and spirits , till they have attained to such a degree of mortification , as to be free from grosser evils . And indeed , those who are grown in grace , have attained ordinarily some freedome from such sinnes ; therefore sayes John , 1 Epist . 2. 14. You young men are strong , and have overcome that evill one : they have attained so much strength as to overcome the grosser evils , those evills . So as to allude to what the Apostle sayes in another case , they then come to conflict not so much with flesh and blood , and outward evils , as with spirituall wickednesses within , ( that is ) with affections and dispositions contrary to the worke of grace , and therein lies their chiefest exercise , which is not till they have some freedome and victory over the other , and so are at leasure to view these . Secondly , we may discerne our victory over our lusts , by our ability more or lesse to deny our selves ; the more we grow up to a readinesse , willingnesse , and freenesse , and cheerfulnesse of heart to deny our selves when we are called and put upon doing of it , the more are lusts purged out : for the reason that our hearts consult so much with carnall ends in businesses , that we have so much adoe with them ere we can bring them off to part with such and such things , as God and our owne consciences doe call us unto , is through want of purging : For all want of self-denyall is from an adhaesion to outward things . Were we free and unmarried men to the world , were our hearts loosned from all ; and were all the secreat fibrae , those stings of lusts that shoot into things , cut , it would be nothing to us to part with them : this was in that great Apostle , how ready was he to lay downe his life ? My life is not deare to me , so I may fulfill my ministration with joy ; and so when the time of his departure was at hand , sayes he , I am ready to be offered , 2 Tim. 4. 6. He speaks it in the present tense , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , I am offered , it was done in his heart already : As in like phrase of speech it is said , Heb. 11. that Abraham offered up his son , because in his heart he fully purposed it . When men must be forced by terrors of conscience , as Pharaoh with plagues , to let their credits or estates goe by restitution , or for God and good uses , &c. it is a signe of want of purging . The more loosned a man is from the world , and the things of it , the more prepared that man is for all works of self-denyall , and the more purged . So when a man parts with all without sticking or higling , as Abraham is said to beleeve without staggering , it is a signe he hath attained to a good degree : even as that argued a strong faith , Rom. 3. When a man hath an open and a large heart to God , ( as a liberall man hath an open hand to men ) as Abraham had when he was willing to let God have his onely sonne , it was a signe he was much weaned ; when God can command any thing thou hast at an hours warning , as we say ; Abraham stood not long deliberating , Shall I , Shall I , but went early in the morning , even the next morning , God having called for his sonne that very night , as it is likely by that in the 22. Gen. 3. For the night was the time when God used to reveale himselfe by visions , and the next morning he went forth early . Thirdly , the more constancie there is in our hearts and wayes , the more eaven , stable in well-doing , and the more lasting , durable frame and temper for holinesse we find our hearts to abide in , the more we are purged ; for in that we finde such sudden flowings and re-flowings in our hearts , that when a corruption seemes to be at a low ebbe , and our hearts in a good frame , within an houre or so a mighty tide comes in , and we find our hearts overflowne with a sea of filth , such sudden alterations from the better to the worse , doe come from those vast seas of corruptions that are still within us , that tumble and float up and downe in our hearts : So the Apostle intimates , Purge your hearts , ye double minded : That their hearts are of so unequall a temper , sometimes in hot fits , sometimes in cold , and so suddenly altered , this cannot be but from much corruption . This double mindednesse comes from want of purging . The Galatians were surely very weak , and foolish , as he tells them , when they were so soone transported . He marvails not so much that they were removed , as that so soone , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , so suddenly , Gal. 1. 6. and brings it in as an evidence of their weaknesse , that they who would have given him their eyes , should now so much be altered and carryed away : So much mortifiednesse , so much constancie : therefore in the 5. Gal. 15. 16. when in the 15. ver . he had said , Those that are Christs have crucified the affections with the lusts , he addes in the 16. ver . If we live in the spirit , let us walke in the spirit : the word imports a being constant in the spirit . Then when lusts are crucified , then the holy Spirit will rule us in our wayes , and a holy frame of heart will be discovered , in a constant tract of holinesse we shall walk in the spirit , keep our selves long in a spirituall frame and course , and not be biased aside : that we step out so much , is from strong lusts unmortified . Fourthly , the more a man comes to a spirituall taste of the spirituall Word , and that which is most spirituall therein , the more it is a signe that corruption is purged out : when a man comes to his stomach , it is a signe he is growing out of a sicknesse , and that the humours are much purged out . So 1 Pet. 2. 1. Laying aside all malice , &c. as Babes desire the Word , that ye may grow thereby , if so be ye have tasted : therefore the more corruption is laid aside , the more we taste the Word , and God in it ; the more we taste , the more we desire it ; the more we desire it , the more we grow . Fiftly , when we are ashamed of former carriages and wayes , as seeing and discerning those weaknesses we saw not afore , as Scholars use to be of their exercises a yeare or two after ; so if we be ashamed of former prayers , hearings , &c. as that great Proficient , discerned in himselfe , who looking back upon his first dayes of conversion , sayes , When I was a child , I spake as a child : He speaks it , applying it to his growth of grace . Sixtly , when in ordinary times of temptation a man finds a lust not so violent and raging as it was wont , but more impotent and weak . Look to your fits of sinning whether they become greater or lesse , for then a mans strength or weaknesse is discerned most ; as the bodily strength is , when a man either goes about to put himself forth , or is assaulted and set upon . Many that are sick , whilst they lie still in their beds , think they have a great deale of strength , but when they attempt to rise , and walk , they sink down againe . As a mans weaknesse to good is discerned , when he comes to doe and to act it , Rom. 7. To doe I am not able ; so a mans weaknesse to sinne , or strength against it , is then also best discerned . The weaknesse or strength of a Kingdome is best seene and discerned in time of war , when a●l forces are mustered up . Now God sometimes appoints some more frequent assaults , and on purpose suffers the law in the members to warre , and to muster up all their force , that ( as it is said of Hezekiah ) a man might know what is in his heart ; now if then a man finds that the motions of sinne in his heart do every temptation after other meet with an hotter encounter then they had wont ; that the resistance against sin grows quicker , and stronger ; that sinne cannot advance , and carry on his army so far as formerly , but is still encountred and met withall at the Frontiers , and there overthrown even at the first setting out , so as it cannot carry it through the camp , ( as Zimri did his mistresse Cosbi ) as sometimes it had wont , when as Grace stood at the Tent doore , as Moses weeping , yet unable to resist it ; and although assaults and temptations doe continue , that yet there is ground kept and won upon the encroachments of a lust , in so much that at least the outward forts are kept by grace , that is , outward acts are abstained from ; Now so far as the lust is not fulfilled as it had wont to be , and not onely so , but the inrodes of it are confined and contracted also to a narrower compasse , and to have a lesser ground and space in regard of inward acts ; also so far it is purged more forth : As for instance , be it a lust of fancie , when it cannot boile up to such grosse fancies as it had wont ; be it a lust of pride , or uncleannesse , or grosser acts , when it falls from bringing forth fruit , to bring forth but blossomes , but inward burnings , and from blossomes onely to bring forth leaves , it is a signe then it is withering more and more . When the intention of mind in the temptation ( which is as the fire that makes it to boile ) grows lesse and lesse ; when the inordinate thirst is not so great in the time of the fit ; when the inward acts are grown in their requests more modest , the lustings themselves pitch upon lower and inferiour acts then it had wont ; when their Armies depart with lesser spoile , are content with them , when as before they flew at the first on-set , to the highest kinds of villanies and out-rages ; when thus the overflowings of a mans lusts doe abate , and fall short , the tides lessen , over-flow lesse ground , over-spread lesse every day then another , this is another probable signe of a growth herein . Seventhly , the more ability to abstain from occasions and opportunities of satisfying a mans lusts , as Job , a man much mortified , made a covenant with his eyes not to behold a maid , and kept to it , Job 31. 1. When a man hates the very garment spotted with the flesh , it is a signe of a strong hatred ; when a man cannot endure to come where one he loves not , is ; cannot endure the sight of him , any thing that may put him in mind of him , not so much as to parley or to speak with him . Eighthly , when our hearts doe not linger after such objects as may satisfie our lusts , when absent ; but when out of sight , they are out of mind , this is a good degree of mortification . We may find it in our selves , that when objects are not presented , that yet there is in our hearts oftentimes a lingring after them , and this from themselves without any outward provocation that is far worse ; many a man , when he sees meat , finds he hath a stomach to it , which he thought not till it was set afore him ; but when a man longs after meat he sees not , it is a signe he is very hungry ; as we see against rainy weather , before the raine begins to fall , the stones will give , as we use to say , and grow danke ; so a man that observes his heart , may find before objects are presented , or actuall thoughts arise , a giving of his heart to such and such a lust , an inclination , a darknesse , a moistnesse , a sympathizing with such an object , that is a signe of unmortifiednesse . David was as a weaned child , he had no thoughts of the dug , no longings after it , I have no high thoughts after the Kingdome , sayes he , Psal . 131. A child that begins to be weaned , it may be at first cryes after the dug , though he sees it not ; but afterwards , though it may be when he sees it he cryes after it , yet not when absent . Objects present have a far greater force to draw , when absent lesse ; therefore this is a farther degree of mortification attainable : it was in Joseph , when his Mistresse tempted him from day to day , opportunity was ready , the object present , but he denyed her . So in Boaz , a woman lay at his feete all night . So in David , when he had Saul in his lurch , might as easily have cut off his head , as the lap of his garment ; and was egg'd on to doe it , but he was then weaned indeed , and did it not ; When a man can looke upon beauty , and preferment , and truly say they are no temptations to me . It is a signe of an unsound temper , when upon eating such or such meats , a man is presently put into the fit of an ague ; a healthfull man is not so . The Prophet calls them , the stumbling block of their iniquity ; When a man is going on his way , and though he did not seeke occasions of falling , yet meeting with them , he cannot step over them , but is caught , and stumbleth , and falls , it is a signe of unmortifiednesse . CHAP. V. Some Cautions to prevent misjudging by false Rules : This case resolved , Whether growth in Mortification may be judged by the ordinary prevailings of corruption , or actings of Grace . BEsides these rules both these wayes given , I will in the third place adde some cautionall considerations , to prevent misjudging of our growth in Mortification , by such false rules as men are apt to be deceived , in judging worse or better of our selves by , then the truth is , or then there is cause . Which considerations will also further serve as directions to us , as well as the former have done . First , men may deceive themselves when they estimate their progresse herein by having overcome such lusts as their natures are not so prone unto ; the surest way is to take a judgement of it from the decay of a mans bosome sinne , even as David did estimate his uprightnesse by his keeping himselfe from [ his iniquity , ] Psal . 18. 23. so a man of his growth in uprightnesse . When Physitians would judge of a consumption of the whole , they doe it not by the falling away of any part what ever , as of the flesh in the face alone , or any the like ; such a particular abatement of flesh in some one part , may come from some other cause ; but they use to judge by the falling away of the brawne of the hands , or armes , and thighes , &c. for these are the more solid parts : the like judgments doe Physitians make upon other diseases , and of the abatement of them from the decrease in such symptomes as are Pathognomicall , and proper and peculiar to them : In like manner also the estimate of the progresse of the victories of a Conquerour in an enemies Kingdome , is not taken from the taking or burning of a few villages or dorps , but by taking in the Forts and strongest Holds , and by what ground he hath won upon the chiefe strength , and by what forces he hath cut off of the maine Army . Doe the like in the decrease of , and victory over your lusts . Secondly , you must not judge of your Mortification , by extraordinary assistances or temptations : As you doe not judge of the strength of a Kingdome by auxiliary forraigne forces , that are at extraordinary times called in . A young Christian shall for his encouragement even in the heat of the battaile , when he is ready to be overcome , and carryed away captive , find the holy Ghost breaking in , and rescuing of him , ( as Jehoshaphat was , ( to allude to it ) when he cryed to the Lord ) when as a Christian of much standing is left to fight it out hand to hand : Now it doth not follow that the other , because thus freed , hath the more strength . Againe , on the other side , a man is not to judge of himselfe by his weaknesse in some one extraordinary temptation . A man that is very sick , and nigh unto death and dissolution , may through much heat , and stirring up of all his spirits , have the strength of five men in him , and much greater then when he was in health : And so a godly man , whose corruptions are weak , and more neere to dissolution , yet in a fit may have all the corruption that is within him mustered up , and blowne up by Satan , and so it may for the present appeare to have more strength then ever in all his life , and yet he may be much mortified : Even as Sarah may by an extraordinary means have pleasure in her old age , and bring forth a child , when she had left child-bearing long , and yet her womb was dead , Rom. 4. 19. And as it may be true , that one of small grace may have that little grace drawne out , and wound up to a higher straine , for one fit , brunt and exercise ; all the strings wound up to a higher note for some one lesson , then one haply of more grace ever felt , to higher acts of love to God , and of rejoycing in God , and purer strains of selfe-denyall ; yet take the constant strains of ones spirit that hath more grace , and the strings will ordinarily endure to stand higher , and continue so : So on the contrary , one of much mortification , may have his lusts spurred on faster , and boild up higher by Satans fires , then one of lesse . The estimate of our growth must not therefore be taken by a step or two , but by a constant course ; for as a mans sincerity is to be measured , so is his growth : even as a mans health is to be measured by the constant tenor of his temper . Onely , I will adde three things to give further direction concerning such extraordinary cases of temptation . First , that it is certaine , that so much corruption as at such a time and in such a fit a man felt a stirring in him , so much indeed and in truth there is of corruption in his heart ; for the devill can put none in , but onely acts , and doth improve what is there already : for as that speech of Christ implyes , Satan can work but according to the matter he findeth in us : ( He commeth and findeth no matter in me ) the wind adds no water to the sea , onely can make the waves to rise , and surge ; the fire adds nothing to the water , when it is set upon it , but attenuates it onely , and causeth it to boile . And so in Hezekiah when he was cast into that fit of pride , the Text sayes , That it was that he might know all that was in his heart , 2 Chron. 32. 31. It was in his heart before . Secondly , I adde , that yet hence it cannot be infallibly inferred , that a man hath comparatively either to himselfe more corruption in him then he had twenty yeeres afore , because more is stirred up ; or that comparatively to others he hath more corruption then they , because more is now for a fit drawne forth : So that it follows not from hence , that others which are kept free from such a temptation , that they have lesse mortification , because they were never cast into so hot and burning a fit . One whose body is lesse full of humours , and naturally of a more moderate temper for heat , may yet through some accident or other , or disease , suppose the Plague , be cast into hotter fits of a burning Feaver , then one whose temper is more fiery , and humours more abounding in him . To have recourse to the former instance . Hezekiah surely had more corruption twenty yeeres before his recovery out of his sicknesse , then at that time , and yet it wrought not so , that we reade of , as it did then ; not that the barrell was then fuller , but that now it was broached lower , and a greater vent given , and so it came more gushing out , dregs and all . That a man after he is growne up to his full strength , falls into so great a sicknesse , such an one as he never had when he was a child , which maketh him weaker then when he was ten or twelve yeeres old , doth not argue but that he is a man grown for all that . David after a long growth , had a time of great sicknesse , whereby he lost the exercise , the lively vigorous use of his graces : enfeebled by that sicknesse , he lost his taste in Gods Ordinances by it , and the joy of Gods salvation , as appears by the 51. Psal . And the third thing I would adde is this , that such an one as is indeed much mortified , if it happens he falls into such a fit , yet the greater measure of his mortification will apeare afterwards , in that the lust will be weaker after his recoverie againe . It is in this , as with a man that is in a hot fierie fit of a feaver , though he have at that instant the strength of two men in him , ( as was said ) yet afterward , when the spirits are ebbed and setled againe , his body is the weaker for it : so is the body of sin , upon the resurrection of grace , after such a fall . Many grow more after sicknesse . For Gods end being but to discover his weaknesse , ( and what he is in himselfe ) and to rouze him out of his security , he then loves to manifest his power when once we have seene our weaknesse ; and so makes his strength perfect in our infirmities , when they are not ordinary , but beyond the ordinary temper and dispositions of our spirits . But then the Question may be concerning the more ordinary passages of a mans life , whether a man may measure and take a sure estimate of the inward root of corruption left in him , by the ordinary risings and stirrings of it , and his fallings into sin more or lesse . I speak not now of extraordinary fits , but of ordinary qualms and weaknesses . To this I answer , that ordinarily men may conclude from the more or lesse busie they find corruption to be in them , that the more or lesse there is of corruption in them ; and so thereby measure their growth : for grace and corruption are as two roots , ( and therefore the actions of them both are called their fruits , Gal. 5. 17 , 22. ) Now Christ elsewhere gives us this rule of nature , to judge of the tree by the fruits , to proceed by , in matters of grace also ; And as by the fruit we may know of what species and kind the tree is of , so likewise what plenty of sap there is at the root , by the plenty , or bignesse , or fairenesse of the fruit it doth bring forth : the more inward corruption at the root , ordinarily the more fruit thereof appears in the life : and proportionably also of the tender fruits of the the spirit . And therefore Christ here sayes , that the Vine is to be purged , that it may bring forth more fruit ; because the more corruption is emptied , the more holinesse will appeare in your inward and outward fruitfulnesse . And the reason hereof is , because ordinarily as a thing is in being , so it is in working . Laesa principia habent laesas operationes . Children , the weaker , the more falls they have in their ordinary walkings ; bodies , the more sickly , or the weaker and more unhealthy the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and constitution is , the more qualmes ; and as they recover strength more and more , they find they out-grow such weaknesses : and therefore ordinarily according to what activenesse a man finds of grace or sin in him , according to what activenesse a man finds of grace or sin in him , according are the inward principles of either of them more or lesse in him : for the soule of man , as it is an active thing , so being left to its ordinary course , it acts according to the sway , and bias , and inclination of the habits that are in it , which are also active , as both grace and sinne are . As a bowle , when the force of the hand that threw it begins to decay , it is swayed by the bias , and lead that is in it ; and so the lesse grace , the lesse ordinarily it acts graciously , and the weaklier ; and then also the opposite corruption must needs be so much the more active : for the soule being active , abates not of its mettle , but it will still shew it selfe one way or other . The flesh will lust against the spirit so much the stronglier , as the spirit is weaker , for they are contrary ; yea and thus God judgeth of the principles of grace in us , according as they act in us ; he will judge of our mortification , by the fruits of it in our lives and hearts ; the more the fruits of sin grow on in us , the lesse morrified he will account us ; as he will judge of faith by the works , so of mortification by the fruits : and therefore it is observeable , that he bids us mortifie the deeds of the body , as well as the body of sinne , Rom. 8. 13. for God will judge of the one by the other . Therefore the objects of mortification are the deeds of the body , as well as the inward principle of corruption , because the mortification of the inward principle will be seene and appeare in the deeds . But it may be objected , that Grace is acted , or lusts doe stir , accordingly as the Spirit of Christ , who is a voluntary Agent , doth act Grace , or will leave a man , so that if he be pleased to stir that little grace in a weak Christian , he shall act it more , and if he leave a strong Christian to himselfe , he shall fall more . But to this it is answered , First , that though the holy Ghost be a voluntary Agent , and blowes when and where he pleaseth , for his times of working , yet ordinarily he acteth grace in us , ( take our whole course ) according to the proportion of grace given us , so as he that hath more habituall grace , shall be more assisted and enlivened , which falls out according to that rule , which in this case will hold , Habenti dabitur , Mat. 25. 29. To him that hath shall be given , if it be a true talent : Hence therefore he that had five talents , gained more then he that had but two ; for he gained his five more unto his two ; the other but two more to his former two : though he that had but one , is said to have gained none , because indeed it was not a true talent , for he seemed but to have it , the Text sayes . And the reason hereof is , because those habits of grace which God hath infused , are his owne worke , and are ordained by him to be acted , and he delights still to crowne his owne works in us with more . And as he proportions glory to works , so he promiseth to act according to the principles of grace infused , which else would be in vaine , they being ordained to that end : As the Apostle sayes of gifts , that they are given to profit withall ; so are graces to work , and therefore ordinarily God draws them out , where he hath bestowed them , as he doth gifts also , according to their proportion : and thus è contra it is for leaving a man to sin ; the more corruption a man hath , the more ordinarily he lets it vent and discover it selfe , that so men that have many corruptions in them , might know what is in their hearts ; and so when God doth mortifie them in them to thanke him the more , the grace of which else would be to them lost , if God should mortifie their lusts in them , without their seeing and bewailing them , and crying to him , Oh miserable man that I am ; and ordinarily see and discerne them , men would not , unlesse left to them . As in case of humbling a man , though God sometimes doth humble a man that hath lesse sinnes , more then one that hath greater , to shew that he can give a spirituall light to see more sinne in a little then others in much ; yet ordinarily those are most humbled that have beene greatest sinners , as Manasses humbled himselfe greatly , and Mary Magdalen loved much , and the Apostle thought himselfe the greatest of sinners : And thus it is in acting grace , or letting forth corruptions , it is according to their principles within . And secondly , that very acting grace doth increase habits : so as the increase of habits and inward mortification is proportioned according to the acting of grace by the holy Ghost ; for every abstinence doth mortifie , as was said , and every act of grace doth through the blessing of the Spirit further sanctifie and increase the habit , Rom. 6. You have your fruit in holinesse . When they doe any duty , it makes the heart more inwardly holy : so as indeed the one cannot be without the other ; but the more a man doth abstaine out of right principles , by the assistance of the Spirit , the more he grows : so as in the end all comes to one ; he whose holinesse is acted most , hath in the end most habituall grace , and thereby often it comes to passe , that he that is first , comes to be last , and he that is last , first . Yet there are two limitations to be put in about this . First , I grant , for some times of mens lives , that God doth act some mens graces more , who have yet lesse grace , and leave those to sinnes who have more grace . So he left Peter who in all appearance had more grace then any of the twelve , yet God left him to deny Christ more foulely and falsly then any of the other . But then let the ends of God be considered why he doth it . First , in case of too much confidence upon inherent grace , and the strength of it : When we trust to habituall grace received , then Christ , to shew that it is a new grace , to assist that grace , and to the end that it may be acknowledged that he that gives one grace , is not bound to give another , may in this case leave one that hath indeed more grace to the prevailing of corruptions more . It falls out sometimes that when men are young Christians , and new borne , God adds much assistance , and this for their encouragement ; and as you carry young children in your armes , and so they are kept from falls more then some more elderly that are let goe alone . Thus Hos . 11. 3. God takes them by the armes when a child , ver . 1. but then they acknowledge it not , as it follows there , and are apt to think that that strength and life they have , is from themselves , and so God afterwards leaves them , when grown men more elderly . Those Christians who walk most sensibly of their owne weaknesse , and observe God his keeping them from sin , and attribute this to him , such God delights to help , though for the present they have lesse habituall grace : And so those Christians that sooner come to the knowledge of that way of dependance upon Christ , ( some come to see it the first day , and make use of it ; others not so clearely a long while ) they shall be more assisted then another . To many that way so soone is not so clearly opened . Again , secondly , sometimes God will magnifie this his acting grace , ( as I may call it ) more in one man then in another , seeing it is a grace . That one Apostle of the Gentiles , Paul , did more then all the Apostles , shall we thereby infallibly conclude he had more inherent grace then they all ? but that he had more assistance . As God sometimes useth men of weaker gifts to doe more then men of greater , so men of weaker graces , and lesse growth , to shame the other . As there are diversities of gifts , so of operations and exercise of those gifts , 1 Cor. 12. 6. the Spirit dividing as he will , ver . 11. God casts aside one of eminent gifts into a place or condition wherein they are not usefull , and so he may one of much habituall grace . Thirdly , he acts often according to actuall preparation ; the habituall preparation lies in habits , and is more remote ; as strings may be good , yet out of tune , and so not plaid upon . Againe , fourthly , God may leave a Christian of more grace and growth , to more stirring of corruptions , in case he means yet to bring him to a higher pitch of humiliation , and that by sins . It is in this his dealing of leaving men to corruptions , and the vigorous conflicts with them , as it is in his leaving his people sometimes to those other evils of afflictions . God humbleth his , either by afflictions or by sins , and his manner in both is sometimes alike ; you shall see one who hath attained to a great measure of grace already , and that by affliction , and yet never to be out of the fire , but God still followeth him with one affliction or another ; whereas one of lesse growth and grace , who in that regard hath more need , shall have fewer afflictions in his course : And what is the reason of this difference ? it is not that the grown Christian hath simply more need of affliction then the other , but because God intends to bring him on yet to a further degree of grace . As refiners of sugar taking sugars out of the same chest , some thereof they melt but once , and another part of it they melt and refine againe and againe ; not that that which they refine twice , hath more drosse in it , but because they would have it more refined , double refined . And as God deales thus in afflictions , so also in leaving of his people to the stirring of corruptions , which of all afflictions is the greatest to humble a holy heart . And thus in experience it is found , that he doth sometimes leave a grown Christian to conflict with corruptions more then a weaker Christian ; not that he hath more in him , but because he means to bring on that grown Christian to a further degree of humiliation , he is not humbled as he meanes to have him yet . And whereas God humbleth some men by afflictions , he humbleth others by sins ; and nothing humbleth more then sins , for crosses doe but humble by revealing sin , as the cause ; and nothing will humble a grown Christian more then to see such shamefull foule corruptions still stirring in him , the greatest aggravation of which to him will be in this , that after so long a time , such lusts should be so lively in him , to have such grosse faults in his exercises after he hath been so long at schoole , this shames him ; For a growne Christian to be disguised with a corruption ; and when his haire is growne , to have it shaven off , as Davids messengers were ashamed of it ; so how doth it shame him , and humble him ? Thus Hezekiah , though he was much humbled by a sicknesse to death , but because he was not humbled enough , and so far as God meant to bring him : therefore God let loose Pride on him , and then he further humbleth himselfe and all Israel , as it is 2 Chron. 32. 26. Upon some men God shews his free grace in keeping them from sinne ; upon others he spends it in pardoning them : These are but two severall wayes he hath of laying it out : And so sometimes he shewes his grace in keeping those of lesse grace , and againe in letting those of more to struggle with their lusts : and such sicknesses are not to death , or to weaken them , but for the glory of God , and their further growth ; for this will be the effect and consequent of such stirrings in growne Christians , that as their fits of corruptions stirring are great , so their humblings will be greater : Grace being much in them , will shew it selfe that way ; great fits of sinning have intermingled with them great exercises of repentings ; and the growth of their grace will shew it selfe in them , and appeare in them ; even as in men that are cheerfull naturally , but sometimes oppressed with melancholy ; when those pressures are over , they are most merry , their spirits breaking forth being at liberty , they shew themselves as much on the contrary in mirth : so is it here , when grace gets above againe . As it is in the body , when the spirits are not weak , but onely are kept under by humours , when they doe once get up , they then shew their strength in causing the body to grow the more : as in many young men , after a sicknesse where strength of nature is ; and so thereby they become after often the better , and more lively ; but if the naturall spirits be weak , it is not so . A second limitation is , that though one of lesse growth in mortification may sometimes by watchfulnesse keep under his lusts more , and act that little grace he hath , more then haply he doth , who hath yet radically more grace : therefore sayes the Apostle , Stir up the gift that is in thee : To Timothy he speakes it , and he exhorts , Gal. 5. even young Christians to walke in the spirit : that is , to have the spirit kept above the flesh , so as a man shall have great hand over his corruptions , that they breake not forth : Now I say , that this exhortation doth belong unto , and concerneth the youngest Christians . For he speakes to all that have spirituall life begun in them , ver . 25. If we live in the Spirit , let us , sayes he , walke in the Spirit , and then we shall not fulfill the lusts of the flesh , ver . 16. A weake body , thouh weake , yet if he useth care , may keepe himselfe from distempers , as much as some man who is strong , but grows carelesse , and neglects his health . But yet though one of lesse grace be thus actually more watchfull , ye he may discerne the want of growth by this : First , that still his lusts rise oftner , and that with delight ; and are apter to catch fire presently , although they be smothered as fast as they catch ; his case then is as if there were an heap of straw in a roome where fire is , where sparks fly about still taking fire upon every occasion , but he that keeps the straw , is carefull still to put it out . And secondly , in this case they shall find the strength of their corruptions in privative working against grace , and distracting and disturbing them , deading their hearts in duties : and therefore when the Apostle had exhorted such to walk in the spirit , so as not to fulfill the lusts , marke what follows , Yet , sayes he , the flesh will discover it selfe in lusting against the spirit . Take what care you will ; so as a man shall not be able to doe what he would , Gal. 5. 16 , 17. and the more strong it is , the more it will shew it selfe strong in disturbing ; so as Christians not growne up that are very watchfull over their hearts , doe keepe as it were but negative Sabbaths , and are therein like unto those watchers and keepers of good rule in great Churches , where there are many sleepers , they have so much to doe to watch those boyes that sleepe , and are idle at Church , as they cannot attend the Sermon . For though by reason of watchfulnesse corruption may be kept from discovering it selfe in open unrulinesse much , yet it can never by all the watchfulnesse in the world be brought on to duties , but so much as is in the heart will discover it selfe either in opposition to them , or an hypocriticall joyning in them : although the Papists may be kept by a waking State from venting that malice of their hearts in rebellion , yet they cannot be brought to joyne with us in holy duties ; no more will corruption , unlesse in hypocrisie , and therefore so much as is , doth still discover it selfe in them . CHAP. VI. Five Cautions more to prevent such mis-judgings . A Third Caution to prevent mis-judging ; if a man will not be mistaken in judging his growth in Mortification comparatively with others , or with himselfe , he must consider his occasions and opportunities to draw him out , thus : A man when he had more corruption , yet lesse occasions and provocations to sinne , may have corruption lesse stirring in him , then when he is more grown up in grace , if his temptations were then greater : The same tree standing in the shade , where also the raine comes not to it , when transplanted , where both sunne and raine fall upon it , may be more fruitfull then formerly . David , when under afflictions in the wildernesse , and wanting opportunities , how strict was he , and kept himselfe from his iniquity ? but when he came to the delicacies of a Kingdome , though he was grown up still more and more in grace , yet how did he fall ? As to aggravate the sinne of not growing more , the proportion of meanes every one hath had is to be considered ; and for one who hath had much meanes to grow much , for him is lesse , then one who hath lesse meanes : So in the stirring or declining of sinne , opportunities and occasions are also to be considered ; as if a man be transplanted out of a full condition into an empty , if then many of his lusts doe not stir so much as afore , no wonder . Even as if a man when cast into a sweat by reason of multitude of cloathes , it is no marvaile , if when cloathes are taken off , he sweat lesse . A fourth thing to be considered , to keepe us from mistakes herein , is , that he whose spirit is naturally active , his lusts , though weaker then another mans whose spirit is slower , may be yet more quick and apt to break forth more then his . Peter was of a bold spirit , and so spake often rashly , and vented corruption more then the other Disciples , in so much as he once provoked Christ to call him Satan , not that he had lesse grace , but a more active spirit ; yea he might have more grace , and lesse of corruption stirred in him , onely a more forward naturall spirit , that was apt to put it selfe forth . As an angry man , whose spirit is quick , may soone be stirred , and in the forwardnesse of his spirit to action , give a man a blow , when one given to malice will scarce give you an ill word , whose lusts of revenge yet burne inwardly more . Gunpowder will take and fall into a blaze sooner then Lime , yet lime hath more innate heat , and burns more within ; some have speeder vent . Those two brethren , John and James , sonnes of Thunder , as Christ calls them , how soone was their choler up ? They had quick and hot spirits , as Christ tels them , Ye know not what spirit ye are of Luke 9. 55. Fiftly , if we would judge aright , what measure of true mortification is in us , we must not take into the reckoning what restraining grace doth in us , but observe that apart , and cast that up in a summe by it selfe . For this you must know , that even in the regenerate , all their abstinence from sins is not from meere mortification , but restraining grace continues even after regeneration to contribute to it , and so make mortification seeme the greater . It was not meerely and onely mortification of the lust of Anger that made Moses so meeke ; for at another time , when he was left , what a chafe was he in , when he called them all Rebels and said in an heat , that he must fetch water out of the rock for them ? It was his temper and disposition of nature , helpt to make him so eminent in ruling that passion above any other , that he is said to be the meekest man on earth . It was not simply , meerly mortification , that made that great Apostle Paul so eminently chaste ; but over and besides what mortification helpt him in it , he had a peculiar gift , as he calls it , 1 Cor. 7. 7. he speaks of it as of a gift , not a grace , such as might be in Reprobates ; For , sayes he there , Every one hath his proper gift . So it was not meere mortification that made Luther never troubled with covetousnesse , but the freenesse and generousnesse of his spirit that helped him in it . Now if all these would have cast up what grace and mortification they had attained to , they must have reckoned restraining grace by it selfe , ( which may be observed by what our vertues were before conversion ) which though now sanctified , that is helping forward Sanctification , and making the abstinence easier , yet is not to be reckoned true Sanctification ; as Goldsmiths mingle in all the silver they work some other metals to make it more malleable ; so are those common graces mingled with true in this life , where Sanctification is imperfect , which doe help them and eeke them out . Grace set in a good nature , seemes a great deale more , and goes farther then in a bad . Wine that is of it selfe somewhat pleasant , a little sugar will make it sweeter to the taste , then a great deale of sugar will doe sowre wine . Therefore let every one consider , what naturall ingenuity , and modesty , and education did in him before conversion ; and let him know , that now he hath true grace ; these help him still , and stand him in stead as much as ever , although he hath a further new principle of grace in him , beyond these . Grace in this life , and whilst imperfect , takes not away such common gifts , but sanctifieth and useth them as the reasonable soule doth a quick fancie or memory , which are sensitive faculties , and doe make his ability to abstaine from such and such sins more easie : indeed all such gifts will be swallowed up in glory : And therefore many who have lesse grace , yet seeme in many carriages more mortified then those who have more grace ; they will be lesse impatient in a crosse , lesse stirred and provoked with an injurie . A man who hath beene lesse helpt by restraining grace before conversion , and had his lusts more outragious , if he hath them now under , it is a signe he hath much more mortification in him then one who was naturally civill . And I appeal to every godly mans conscience , it is not only simply mortification that makes him always to abstaine from sins , but shame , modesty , terrors of conscience strike in at a pinch , when strength of mortification had failed him else ; and many accidentall things , ordered by Gods providence , hinder and keepe Gods people from sinning : and as David was faine to make use of Goliahs sword , and take in discontented persons that had not the same ends that he had to strengthen himselfe against Saul ; so is grace faine to take in fleshly dislikes and discontents against sin , to help it in a pinch , till it hath got the victory . For instance , it was not Judahs grace so much kept him from killing Joseph , for then he would not have consented to sell him ; but nature wrought in him , and made him abhor the killing him : Is it not our brother , and our flesh , and what profit is it to kill him ? Gen. 37. 26. So God prevented David in his murthering Nabals family by an externall meanes , when as his grace else had not kept him from revenging himselfe causelesly upon his family , ( for they were in no fault ) his grace alone had not done it , for his passion was up , and he in a rage , and fully resolved to doe it ; but God used another meanes , and sent Abigail submissively to meet him ; and her lowly submission , and elegant oration , won him , and cooled him ; though this David acknowledgeth Gods hand in it , and was glad he was so kept ( as a godly man will , and hath cause , when he is hindred of his purpose in sinning , as he sayes , I rejoyce that Christ is preached , though out of envie ; so if sin be abstained from , though by any meanes ) yet God did rather by his meanes restraine him , then by his feare of God , or the grace in his heart ; but God kept him by her comming : 1 Sam. 25. 34. For in very deed , sayes David , as the Lord liveth , which hath kept me back from hurting thee , except thou hadst hasted and met me , surely there had not beene left a man unto Nabal . So shame moved Judah ; feare of being destroyed moved Jacob to reprove the sin of his sonnes , and is all the argument he useth , Gen. 34. 30. So that in an evening , when thou castest up thy abstinences of that day , think not how much thou hast abstained from sin , or denyed thy selfe , but how much out of hatred of it , and the spirit of mortification ; how much of that there is in thy abstinence , and accordingly measure thy growth in it . Sixtly , another false rule is , when men judge of their mortification , and the measure of it , by their present listlesnesse of the heart to sin ; which though it be true , that where true mortification is , there is a listlesnesse , and a deadnesse ; and so much mortification , so much deadnesse , Rom. 6. 2. How shall we that are dead to sinne , live any longer therein ? And indeed , to live in it , is to take pleasure in it : But yet this you must know , there are many things which in a godly man may adde to his deadnesse to sinne , besides true mortification , and so make it seeme greater then it is in truth : And therefore it may be a false rule to judge by , if it be not warily considered and distinguished . Sicknesse breeds a listlesnesse ; when we are sick , our lusts are sick together with us ; and as we gather strength , they gather up their crums againe , Job 33. 19. 20. then his soule abhors dainty food . Suppose he be a glutton : Old age brings a listlesnesse . Eccles . 12. 1. When the evill dayes come , wherein a man sayes , he hath no pleasure in them : as Barzillai had no taste in his meat , by reason of old age . So when our expectations or desires are crossed , or are like to be , and we begin to faile of those maine props of the comfort of our lives , we are apt to have a listlesnesse to all other pleasures : when some one thing that was a sawce to all the rest , is gone or like to goe , we then have no stomach to all the rest , and we are weary of living , as David was when Absalom was gone , would I had dyed for thee . Some great crosse comming , may like thunder sowre all our joyes and delights , and make them stale to us , and as dead drink to the stomach . Terror of conscience may like an eclipse overspread our spirits , and then all things lose their beauty and lustre , as things in the dark use to doe : as Job sayes of himselfe in his desertion , that his soule had no more sweetnesse in all comforts , then in white of an egge : For such occasions as these doe draw the intention another way , and doe take the mind up about Gods wrath , or the afflictions we are in , so as it cannot run out to sin ; and intention , you know , is the cause of all pleasure . As therefore when by study the spirits are drawn up to the head , a mans stomach decayes to that meat he most loved ; so when terrors drinke up the spirits , as Job speaks : but when that heat is over , and intention dismissed , a man recovers his stomach againe ; and so doe men their appetites , to sinne , when they come forth of terrors . And this will help you to find out the true reason , why that young Christians are often more dead to all pleasures of sinne , then those who are grown up , or then themselves are when grown up : they are often then altogether dead to all mirth and other contentments , and yet they are not more mortified then afterwards : For then legall humiliation adds to their deadnesse . And besides that first deadly blow which Christ gave their lusts then in part , the Law also and the bitternesse of sinne did lay that part of their lusts which remained unkilled , in a sw●●●e , that one would think all were dead . Sin revived , saith Paul , and I dyed , Rom. 7. He speaks of that time when he lay humbled for sinne ; during which time , we reade in the Acts , he fasted : He had no mind to meat nor drink , for three dayes , he forgot all . And againe , as then they are usually so taken up about pardon of sinne , and the obtaining thereof , that all the spirits retire to the heart to relieve it , and to encourage it to seeke out for pardon ; and so sinne is left in a swoune , and it seemes quite dead : but by degrees men come out of that swoune , and sinne revives , and then men think they decay in mortification . Againe , young Christians sometimes , and others afterwards for some hony-moones of their lives , are entertained with raptures , and ravishments , joy unspeakable and glorious , and then they seeme in a manner wholly dead to sin , and walk so , but as the other are in a swoune , so they are in an extasie ; but when they are out of it , then sinne comes to it selfe againe : Those joyes whilst they last , make a mans actuall present deadnesse to sin seem more then habitually and radically it is indeed : As a man that hath tasted some sweet thing , whilst the impression upon his palate lasteth , he hath no relish of meat ; so whilst the impressions of spirituall joy : but when their mouthes are washt once , and their sense of that sweetnesse gone , they find their wonted relish of them . Thus spirituall joyes doe , for the time they are upon the heart , much alter the taste ; but yet much of that alteration is adventitious and not wholly radicall , or altering the sinfull faculty it selfe ( though it doth adde much that way ) yet not so much as they seeme to doe at that present , the sense of that sweetnesse is fresh in his heart . Now therefore to give an help or two to difference what is reall and true Mortification , from this seeming listlesnesse and deadnesse to it . First , true mortification makes a man not onely listlesse to sinne , but to have a quick hatred against it , a hatred aiming at the destruction of it ; but false listlesnesse takes but the heart off it , doth not set it against it ; how often are these yoaked together in Psal . 119. I hate sinne , and every false way , with this , Thy law doe I love ? the heart being quickned with love to God , and to his Law , is carried out against sinne , and not onely taken off from it to have no mind to it , but to have a mind against it , to destroy it . There is the same difference betweene mortification and listlesnesse , that there is between true patience and senslesnesse ; senselesnesse is a dull , sullen , stupid bearing pains , but patience is joyned mith a quick sense of them , which ariseth from strength of spirits , that being quick and vigorous , are the more sensible of paine or pleasure ; so true mortification is joyned with an active hatred that flyes out against sin ; which come from livelinesse of affection to the contrary . Secondly , true mortification is joyned with activenesse and life in the contrary duties , Rom. 6. 11. Reckon your selves dead unto sinne , and alive unto God. That false listlesnesse is but a dead palsey that doth take these members of sinne , but true mortification is with a new life , a resurrection , strengthning a man to walke so much the more nimbly in the wayes of God. Rom. 6. 4 , 5. Young Christians , and such as have a false listlesnesse and deadnesse , you shall find them complaine that their mortification is more then vivification , they will finde they are more dead to the world , then quickned to God. True mortification doth not dull the spirits , but sets them at liberty , as purging the humours out doth ; it makes the body more light and nimble ; whereas false listlesnesse causeth a deadnesse , a dulnesse to every thing else . Those false causes of listlesnesse contract the mind , as a bladder that is clung , and dryed , and hung up in the smoake , ( as David compared his condition in terrors of conscience ) but mortification empties it of the sinne , and fils it with grace , so as the mind is as full and wide as before , onely filled with grace now in stead of sinne . Seventhly , a man is not to judge of his growth in mortification , simply by the keennesse of his affection against sinne , though that is good and blessed , but by his strength against it . As there is a fond love , which is not so strong and solid , which will not doe so much for one ; or hold , if it come to the tryall , and be put to it , that yet hath a more seeming edge in it ; so there is a keennesse of hatred , that hath not so much strength . A man that is angry seemes to have more keennesse of affection against him he falls out with , and in his rage vows never to be reconciled , and could eat him up ; when as yet a malicious man hates more strongly : So doe young Christians their sins , having lately felt the bitternesse of them ; and then many other inconveniences , besid●s the cont●arietie of them to God , doe egge on and provoke their spirits against them ; but like as a sharpe knife that is weak , the edge is soone turned and blunted , so in a temptation , they are for all their edge soone overcome : for all those concurring inconveniences and apprehensions of their hurt by them , makes their spleen indeed greater , but it adds not to their strength and courage to resist them : like a stomachfull boy , that cryes he cannot have the victory , yet is weak , and easily laid on his back , his stomach is more then his strength . The hurt that comes by sin to us at first lately felt , helps to sharpen the edge , but adds no metall , and so our weapons are beaten to our heads againe , when we use them . What an edge of spirit had Peter raised up against denying Christ ? he would die rather ; he spake then as he thought ; and he would have dyed in the quarrell , for he draws his sword , but afterwards he wanted strength to his stomach , how easily was he overcome , being yet but weak in grace ? therefore judge of your growth herein , by your strength to resist . Hence the Apostle prayes , they may have strength in the inward man , Eph. 3. and in Chap. 6. 13. he speaks of ability to stand in the evill day . Although this let me adde , that every man should keep up his heart in this continuall keennesse and edge of spirit against sin , and whet his heart against it : For that will cause a man to use his strength the more against it , and to put it forth . A man that keeps his heart in a revengefull , vext , spleenfull spirit against sin , he will easier cut through a temptation ; and though if a Christian want metall , though he hath an edge , he may be foiled ; yet when edge and metall both meete , a man walks above his lusts : if either be wanting , a man may be foiled . THE TRYALL OF A CHRISTIANS GROWTH . THE THIRD PART . Resolving some Questions concerning Growth in MORTIFICATION , VIVIFICATION . CHAP. I. Two Questions resolved concerning Growth in Mortification . I Will now conclude this Discourse about Growth in Grace with answering some Questions which may be made concerning this our growth , both about Mortification , and about increase in positive Graces , which I did reserve to this last place , that I might handle them together . The first Question concerning the purging out of sinne , is , Whether every new degree of Mortification , and purging out of sinne , be alwayes universall , extending it selfe to every sinne ? So as the meaning of this , that God goes on to purge , should be , not onely that he goes on first to purge forth one sinne , then another , but that he goes on to purge out by every new degree of mortification every sinne together ; so as when any one sinne is more weakned , all the rest in a proportion grow weak also . To this I answer affirmatively , that every new degree of mortification is universall . First , because when the Scripture speaks of our growth therein , he speaks of it as extending it selfe to every sinne . So Ephes . 4. 22. when he exhorts the Ephesians ( who were mortified already ) to a farther progresse in it , he exhorts them to put off the old man , which is corrupt , according to the deceitfull lusts . It is not one lust that is the object of mortification , and the growth of it ( although he mentions particular lusts afterwards ) but the whole man that is corrupt , and all its lusts : and this he there speaks of daily growth therein : For of that he had spoken in the former verses , from the 12. verse , and goes on to speak of it , and exhort to it . Thus in like manner , Gal. 5. 24. it is called crucifying the flesh with the lusts : not one lust , but the flesh , the whole bundle , the cluster of them all : and in that it is called crucifying , it implys it also , for of all deaths that did work upon every part , it did stretch every nerve , sinew , and veyn , and put all the parts to paine : and this going on to mortifie sinne is called Rom. 6. The destroying of the body of sinne ; of the whole body : It is not the consumption of one member , of the lungs , or liver , &c. but it is is consumptio totius , a consumption of the whole body of sinne , so as every new degree of mortification is the consuming of the whole . And therefore also Colos . 3. where in like manner he exhorts to his growth therein , he exhorts to mortifie earthly members , every member . And the reasons hereof are , because First , true mortification strikes at the root , and so causeth every branch to wither : For all sinfull dispositions are rooted in one , namely , in love of pleasure more then of God : and all true imortification deads a man to the pleasure of sinne , by bringing the heart more into communion , and into love with God ; and therefore the deading to any sinne must needs be generall and universall to every sinne . It is as the dying of the heart , which causeth all the members to die with it ; for that is the difference betweene restraining Grace , which cuts off but branches , and so lops the tree , but true mortification strikes every blow at the root . Secondly , every new degree of true mortification purgeth out a sinne , as it is sinne , and works against it under that consideration : and if against it as sinne , then the same power that works out any sinne , works against every sinne in the heart also . Now that every new degree works against a sinne , as it is sinne , is plain by this , because if it be purged out upon any other respect , it is not mortification . Thirdly , the Spirit , and the virtue that comes from Christ , which are the efficient causes of this purging out a sinne , doe also work against every sinne , when they work against any one ; and they have a contrarietie to every lust ; they search into every veyne , and draw from all parts . Physitians may give elective purges , as they call them , which will purge out one humour , and not another , but Christs physick works generally , it takes away all sorts of distempers . And whereas the Objection against this may be , that then all lusts will come to be equally mortified . I answer , No , for all lusts were never equally alive in a man ; some are stronger , some weaker by custome , through disposition of body and spirit ; and therefore though mortification extends it selfe to all , yet there being an inequality in the life and growth of these sinnes in us , hence some remaine still more , some lesse mortified ; as when a floud of water is left to flow into a field , where many hils are of differing height , though the water overflows all equally , yet some are more above water then others , because they were higher before of themselves . And hence it is that some sinnes , when the power of grace comes , may be in a manner wholly subdued , namely , those which proceed out of the abundance of naughtinesse in the heart , as swearing , malice against the truth ; and these the children of God are usually wholly freed from , and they seeme wholly dead , being as the excrements of other members , and being as the nailes , and the haire , they are wholly pared off , as was the manner to a Proselyte woman ; the power of Grace takes them away , though other members continue vigorous : And therefore of swearing Christ sayes , What is more then Yea , yea , and Nay , nay , is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , out of a profarie heart : As when a man is a dying , some members are stiffe and cold , and cleane dead long afore , as the feet , whilst others continue to have some life and heat in them ; so in the mortification of a Christian , some lusts that are more remote , are wholly stiffe and starke , when others retaine much life in them . The second Question is , Whether when I apply Christ , and the Promise , with the vertue of Christ , for the mortification of some one particular lust or other , and doe use those right means , as Prayer , Fasting , &c. for the speciall mortification of some one lust , Whether that lust thereby doth not become more mortified then other lusts doe ? I answer , Yes , yet so as in a proportion , this work of mortification it runs through all the rest : for as in washing out the great stains of a cloth , the lesser stains are washt out also with the same labour , so it is here : Therefore the Apostle in all his exhortations to mortification , both Eph. 4. and Gal. 5. and Col. 3. though he exhorts to the putting off the old man , the whole body of sinne , yet instances in particular sins , because a man is particularly to endeavour the mortification of particulars , as it were apart ; and yet because in getting them mortified the whole body of sinne is destroyed , therefore he mentions both the whole body , and particular members thereof apart , as the object of mortification . And to that end also doth God exercise his children , first with one lust , then with another , that they may make tryall of the vertue of Christs death upon every one : And therefore Christ bids us to pull out an eye , and cut off an hand , if they offend us : for mortification is to be by us directed against particular members ; yet so as withall in a proportion all the rest receive a farther degree of destruction . For as a particular act of sin , ( be it uncleannnesse , or the like ) when committed , doth increase a disposition to every sinne , yet so as it leaves a present greater disposition to that particular sin then any other , and increaseth it most in potentia proxima , though all the rest in potentia remota : so in every act of mortification , though the common stock be increased , yet the particular lust we aimed at , hath a greater share in the mortification endeavoured , as in ministring physick to cure the head , the whole body is often purged ; yet so as the head , the party affected , is yet chiefly purged , and more then the rest . CHAP. II. Three Questions resolved concerning Positive Growth . OTher Questions there are concerning that other part of our growth , namely , in positive graces and the fruits thereof . As first , whether every new degree of grace runs through all the faculties ? I answer , Yes ; For as every new degree of light in the ayre runnes through the whole Hemisphere , when the Sunne shines clearer and clearer to the perfect day , which is Solomons comparison in the Proverbs ; so every new degree of grace runs through , and is diffused through the whole man. And therefore also 1 Thes . 5. 23. when the Apostle there prayes for increase of grace , he prayes they may be sanctified wholly in body , soule and spirit . And every new degree , though it begins at the spirit , the understanding , yet goes through all : for so Ephes . 4. 23 , 24. Be renewed in the spirit of your minds , and put on the new man : it runs therefore through the whole man , having renewed the mind . As the worke of grace at first , so after still continually leaveneth the whole lump . Whether one Grace may not grow more then another ? I answer , first , that it is certaine , that when a man grows up in one grace , he doth grow in all ; they grow and thrive together . Therefore in Ephes . 4. 15. we are said to grow up into him [ in all things . ] Growth from Christ is generall , as true growth in the body is in every part , so this in every grace . Therefore 2 Cor. 3. ult . we are said to be changed into the same image from glory to glory . Every increase stamps a farther degree of the whole Image of Christ upon the heart . So the Thessalonians , Their faith and their love did both overflow , 2 Thes . 1. 3. Yet secondly , so as one grace may grow more then some other . 1. Because some are more radicall graces , as Faith and Love , therefore of the Thessalonians Faith the Apostle sayes , 2. Thes . 1. 3. that it did grow exceedingly ; and then it follows , their love did overflow . 2. Some grace are more exercised , and if so , they abound more ; as though both armes doe grow , yet that which a man useth is the stronger and the bigger , so is it in graces ; In birds , their wings which have beene used most , are sweetest to the taste . As in the body , though the exercise of one member maketh the body generally more healthfull , yet so as that member which is exercised , will be freest from humours it selfe , so it is here ; so tribulation worketh patience , patience experience , Rom. 5. Many sufferings make patience the lesse difficult , and much experience , many experiments make hope greater . Againe , thirdly , that some graces are more in some then others , appeares hence ; for what is it makes the differing gifts that are in Christians , but a severall constitution of graces , though all have every grace in them ? as now in the body every member hath all singular parts in it , as flesh , bones , sinews , veynes , bloud , spirits in it , but yet so , some members have more of flesh , lesse of sinews and veynes , &c. whence ariseth a severall office in every member , according as such or such simular parts doe more or lesse abound in a member ; the hand , because it hath more nerves and joynts in it then another member , though lesse flesh , yet how strong is it , and fit for many offices ? the foot is not so : So in Christians , by reason of the severall constitution of graces , and the temper of them more or lesse , have they severall offices in the Church , and are fitted for severall employments ; some have more love , and fit for offices of charity ; some more knowledge , and are fit to instruct ; some more patience , and are fitter to suffer ; some for self-denyall , and accordingly doe grow in these more specially . The third Question is , Whether this increase be onely by radicating the same grace more , or by a new addition ? I answer , that by adding a new degree of grace , as in making candles , which is done by addition , when a candle is put anew into the fat of boiled tallow , every time it is put in , it comes out bigger , with a new addition ; or as a cloth dipt in the die , comes out upon every new dipping in with a deeper die . And this is done by a new act of creation , put forth by God. Therefore when David being falne , prayed for increase of grace , he sayes , Create in me a new heart . And therefore Ephes . 4. 24. when the Apostle exhorts to further putting on the new man , and speaketh of growth , he adds , which is created ; for every new degree is created as well as the first infusion , which shews the difference between naturall growth and this : In naturall growth there needs not a new creation , but an ordinary concurrence ; but it is not so in this , that God that begun the work , by the same power perfects it : And therefore Ephes . 1. 19. he prayes that the beleeving Ephesians might see that power that continued to worke in them , to be no lesse then that which raised up Christ ; for though naturall life may with a naturall concurrence increase it selfe , because the terminus à quo , the terme from whence it springs , is but from a lesse degree of life to a greater : yet it is otherwise in this life , and our growth in this is from a greater degree of death , to a further degree of life : And therefore Phil. 9. the Apostle calls growing in grace , a going on to attaine the resurrection from the dead : And therefore the same power that raised up Christ , must goe along to work it . Hence also every new degree of grace is called a new conversion ; except ye be converted , sayes Christ to his Disciples converted already ; because the same power that wrought to conversion , goes still to this . And therefore it is said that God gives the increase , 1 Cor. 3. 7. and it is called the increasing of God , Colos . 2. 19. so Hos . 14. shewing the ground why they grow so fast ; Thy fruit is found in me , sayes God , ver . 7. although this is to be added by way of caution and difference , that therein God doth proportion his influence to our endeavours , which in conversion at first he doth not . Therefore we are said to be fellow workers with him , although it be he that gives the increase , 1 Cor. 3. 6 , 7 , 8. the same you have also , Rom. 8. We by the Spirit doe mortifie the deeds of the flesh . We , as co-workers with the Spirit . FINIS . A Table of the Contents of this Booke . The Introduction . THe summe and division of the words , and the subject of this Discourse . Page 1 Some Observations premised of this Parable of the Vine : 1. Obser . How Christ is the Vine , and the onely true Vine . 3 2. Obser . How God the Father is the Husbandman . Declared in five things . 6 3. Obser . Two sorts of Branches in the Vine , fruitfull and unfruitfull . 8 An interpretation of those words , [ Branches in me that bring not forth fruit . ] By three things . 9 Three severall sorts of Branches that prove unfruitfull . 11 Some differences betweene true Branches and Temporary Branches , grounded on the Text. 12 1. Difference . Temporary Beleevers bring not forth true fruit . And What it is that makes a good work to be true fruit . ibid. 2. Difference . Temporary Branches bring not forth fruit in Christ . 14 What it is to bring forth fruit in Christ , explained . 15 This Question , Whether in every act a Christian doth all in Christ , by his fetching vertue distinctly from him ? Resolved by 3. things . 18 That every Beleever doth five things , which are truly and interpretatively to bring forth fruit in Christ . 19 4. Obser . In the most fruitfull Branches there remaine corruptions to be purged out . The reasons of it . 22 5. Obser . That yet for their corruptions God takes not such away . 28 6. Obser . Vnfruitfull Branches God in the end cuts off . Foure degrees of Gods cutting them off , founded on the Text. 34 The Tryall of a Christians Growth . PART I. Of GROVVTH in bringing forth more fruit . CHAP. I. That all true Branches in Christ doe grow : Proved , 1. By Scriptures , Reasons . 38 1. Reas . From Christs relation to us as an Head , and we his members . And herein , 1. From our conformity to him . 39 2. From his having received all fulnesse to fill us . 40 3. From our growth making up his fulnesse , as he is mystically considered one with us . ibid. 2. Reas . From God the Father , who 1. Hath appointed every one their measure . 41 2. Hath promised it . ibid. 3. Hath appointed means for it . ibid. 3. Reas . From the Saints themselves , who cannot be saved unlesse they grow . ibid. CHAP. II. An explication how the Saints doe grow . Many considerations to satisfie the tentations of those that discern not their growth . 42 1. Consid . more generall , shewing what sort of Christians this tentation doth usually befall . ibid. 2. Consid . more particular , As 1. That growing in grace is a Mysterie rather to be apprehended by faith , then by sense . 44 2. The eager desire which many have to grow , and attaine to more grace , hinders them from discerning their growth . ibid. 3. The progresse is not in many so discernable , as the change at their first conversion is , or as their first growth . The reasons of it . ibid. 4. To discern of growth there must be time allowed . 45 5. There are severall wayes by which men are brought to that measure appointed them , in which some have the advantage of others . ibid. 1. Some have a greater stock of grace given them at first : which is done in two cases . 46 2. In the manner of growing , God puts much difference , 1. Some grow without intermission . 2. Some God sooner ripens for heaven . ibid. CHAP. III. What it is to bring forth more fruit , explicated negatively , by removing many mistakes . 46 1. It is not to grow onely or chiefly in gifts , as abilities to pray , and preach , or in knowledge , but in graces . 47 Three cautions herein . ibid. 2. Our bringing forth more fruit is not to be measured by the successe of our gifts , the fruits of our doings , but by the Doings themselves . 48 3. It is not simply to be estimated by the largenesse or smalnesse of our opportunities of doing good , ( which may vary ) but by an heart to doe good . 50 4. It is not alwayes to be measured by accessary graces , as joy , spirituall ravishments , &c. ibid. 5. It is not be measured by encreasing in profession , and seeming forwardnesse , but by inward and substantiall godlinesse . 51 6. How in the largnesse of the affections to good , there may be a decrease : And how young Christians may have more large affections ; which yet are not so genuine and spirituall . ibid. 7. We must not measure our growth , by our growing in some kind or sort of duties , but in the universall extent of godlinesse , and in duties both of our generall and particular callings . 53 How young Christians abound more often in holy duties for a time , and the necessity of this for their condition . ibid. CHAP. IV. What it is to bring forth more fruit , explicated positively : Wherein many direct tryals of such a growth are given . 55 1. Tryall . If we goe on to the exercise of new graves . ibid. 2. Tryall . If we find new degrees of the same grace added . 56 3. Tryall . If fruits and duties grow more ripe and spirituall , though not more in bulk . 57 What it is that gives a spirituall relish to this fruit . 4. Tryall . If the heart grows more rooted into Christ . 58 5. Tryall . If we learne more to bring forth fruit in reason . 59 6. Tryall . If we grow more constant and eaven in a holy course . ibid. 7. Tryall . If though our difficulties and oppositions be more , and means lesse , yet we continue to bring forth as well as when our meanes were more , and difficulties lesse . ibid. 8. Tryall . If though we doe lesse , yet we grow more wise , and faithfull to lay out our abilities , and improve our opportunities to the greater advantages for Gods glory and the good of others . 60 The Tryall of a Christians Growth . PART II. Of Growth in purging our corruption . CHAP. I. The Observation out of the Text propounded , that God goes on to purge out our corruptions . Bounds set to the Discourse about it . The reasons of the point . 64 CHAP. II. The wayes God useth to purge out corruption out of his children , with the means by which he causeth them to grow to a further measure therein . 65 1. Occasionall . ibid. 2. Instrumentall . 66 3. Examples . 67 4. Inward workings , which consists in five things . ibid. CAAP. III. The Tryall of Growth in Mortification . 1. By negative signes , or such as argue much corruption remaining unpurged out . As 71 1. If a man doth magnifie and set a high price upon worldly and carnall excellencies and pleasures . ibid. 2. If our minds be carryed out to superfluities , and more than needs , and are discontented with our owne condition . 73 3. If our minds be so glewed to any thing , that we know not how to part with it . ibid. 4. If our hearts be distempered under variety of conditions , and are very inordinate in them all , whether they be prosperous , or adverse . 74 5. The more carnall confidence we have in the creatures ; and our spirits being up held by them . 75 6. The more full of envyings and heart-burnings against others , as to get the credit from them , &c. ibid. 7. The lesse able we are to bear reproofs for the breaking forth of our lusts . 76 8. The more quick and speedy the tentation is in prevailing upon the heart . 77 9. The more power our lusts have to disturb us in holy duties . ibid. 10. If the bare recalling former sins committed , prove a new snare to entice the heart . 87 CHAP. IV. 2. The Tryall of Mortification by positive signes , which argue a good degree of that work in the heart : As 1. The more insight a man hath into spirituall corruptions , ioyned with a conflict against them . 79 2. The more we grow up to a readinesse , willingnesse , freenesse , and cheerfulnesse of heart to deny our selves . 80 3. The more stable , ●eaven , and constant we are in well doing , and the more durable an holy frame of heart in us is . 81 4. The mnre spirituall taste and relish of the spirituall part of the Word we have . 82 5. The more ashamed we grow of former carriages , and sensible of former weaknesses . ibid. 6. The weaker we find our lusts to be in the time of tentation . ibid. 7. The more ability we have to abstaine from occasions and opportunities of satisfying our lusts . 84 8. If we linger not after the objects of our lusts , when they are absent , but are weaned from them . ibid. CHAP. V. Some Cautions to prevent mis-judging by false rules . As also This Case resolved , Whether Growth in Grace may be judged by the ordinary prevailing of corruption , or the ordinary acting of mans grace . 85 1. Caution . That men are not to estimate their progresse in grace , by having overcome such lusts as their natures are not so prone unto : but that a judgment hereof is to be made from the decay of the bosome sin . ibid. 2. Caution . We are not to judge by extraordinary assistances , nor extraordinary temptations . 86 This Caution explicated by three things . 87 This Question resolved , Whether we may certainly judge of the degrees of our mortification to lusts , by the ordinary risings and prevailings of them , or by the ordinary acting and exercise of our graces . 88 Answered affirmatively . ibid. An Objection , That the Spirit is a voluntary Agent , who may act a lesse degree of grace more then a greater . Answered . 90 1. That yet the holy Ghost ordinarily assists according to the proportion of grace given . ibid. 2. That the acting of grace encreaseth the habits more and so it comes all to one . 91 Two limitations herein . 1. That God for some time of a mans life may leave a strong Christian to greater corruption then a weake , and act a weak Christians grace more . ibid. God may have four ends in such a dispensation . ibid. 2. Limitation . If a weak Christian be more watchfull over his lusts for a time , then a stronger Christian : yet his weaknesse is discovered by two things . 94 CHAP. VI. Five Cautions more added to the two former , to prevent such mis-judging . 3. Caut. To take into consideration our severall occasions to draw out corruptions , and means to draw forth graces . 96 4. Caut. To consider the naturall temper of a mans owne spirit ; whether it be quick and active , or slow . ibid. 5. To consider what force restraining grace hath in us , which often makes mortification seeme greater then it is . 97 6. Not to judge from our present listlesnesse to sin ; which may arise from other causes besides true mortification ; and so may make that seeme to be much more at some times then in truth it is . 99 The difference betweene listlesnesse to sinne , and true mortification , in two things . 101 7. Not to judge of the measure of mortification simply by the sharpnesse and edge of our affections against sin , but by our inward strength against it . A discovery how that edge of affection against sin may deceive us , and how a young Christian may have a quicker stirring against sin , when he hath lesse strength . 102 The Tryall of a Christians Growth . PART III. Resolving some Questions about Growth in Mortification , Vivification . 1. About Growth in Mortification , two Questions : 1. Whether every new degree of Mortification be alwayes universall , extending it selfe to every sin . 104 Answer affirmative , and that for three reasons . 105 An Objection answered . 106 2. Quest . Whether in the endeavours of a beleever to mortifie some one particular lust , that lust becomes not more mortified then others . Answered . 107 2. About Growth in Vivification three Questions : 1. Quest . Whether every new degree of Grace runs through all the faculties . Answered affirmatively . 108 2. Quest . Whether one grace may not grow more then another . Answered by two Propositions . ibid. 3. Quest . ( Concerning the manner of this Growth ) Whether it be a deeper radicating the same grace in the heart , or by a new addition . Answered . 109 FINIS . Notes, typically marginal, from the original text Notes for div A41536-e170 2 Cor. 10. 14. Ephes . 4. 15. Notes for div A41536-e500 2. Obser . That Christ is onely the [ True Vine ▪ ] Vse . Vse 1. Vse 2. Vse 3. Quest . Ans . How the unfruitfull are in Christ . 2. Ans . 3. Ans . Vse . The severall sorts of branches that prove unfruitfull . Some differences of branches fruitfull and unfruitfull . 1. Difference . How the good works of Hypocrites are not true fruits . 2. Difference . How Hypocrites bring not forth their fruit [ in Christ ] What it is to bring forth fruit [ in Christ ] explained . Quest . Answ . Whether in every act a Beleever doth all in Christ . 2. Quest . Whether all Beleevers doe distinctly fetch vertue from Christ by faith . Answ . 1. Union with Christ is not cleared up to all in Christ . Yet every Beleever doth five things which are really to bring forth fruit in Christ . Vse . 1. Vse . 2. Reas . 1. Reas . 2. Reas . 3. Reas . 4. Vse . 1. Vse . 2. Reas . 2. Reas . 3. The degrees of Gods cutting off unfruitfull branches . Vse . 1. Notes for div A41536-e8390 Reas . 1. Drawne from Christs being our head . Reas . 2. From God the Fathers appointment . Reas . 3. From the Saints themselves . 1. Consideration in generall . 2. More particular considerations . 1. Consid . 2. Consid . 3. Consid . 4. Consid . 5. Consid . Heb. 5. ult . Caution 1. 2. 3. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 1. Tryall . 2. Tryall . 3. Tryall . 4. Tryall . 5. Tryall . 6. Tryall . 7. Tryall . 8. Tryall . Notes for div A41536-e12590 Reasons . 1. 2. 3. 4. 1. Occasional . 2. Instrumentall . 3. Examples . 4. Inward workings . 1. Not to judge by some sins , but the decay of thy bosome sin . 2. Not judge by ex●raordinary assistances or temptations . This Caution explicated by three things . 1. 2. 3. Question . Whether an estimate may be taken from the ordinary passages of our lives . Resolved . Object . Answ . 1. Two limitations . 2. Limitation . Psal . 18. Two differences betweene Mortification , and a seeming deadnesse or listlesnesse to sinne . 2. Difference . Notes for div A41536-e18170 Quest . 1. Answ . Object . Answ . Quest . 2. Answ . Quest . 1. Answ . Quest . 2. Answ . 1. 2. 3. Quest . Answ .