Distant Reader - author-hubberthornRichard-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-23 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 29 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 451,963 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 15,584 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 96. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

god, christ, light, spirit, lord, one, man, us, will, people, men, truth, may, things, art, now, forth, shall, scripture, words, saith, world, many, say, every, doth, made, come, law, scriptures, yet, word, power, without, false, life, see, know, called, let, apostles, gospel, true, make, though, witness, another, answer, neither, must

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are A collection of the several books and writings of that faithful servant of God, Richard Hubberthorn who finished his testimony (being a prisoner in Newgate for the truths sake) the 17th of the 6th month, 1662., Truth''s defence against the refined subtilty of the serpent held forth in divers answers to severall queries made by men (called ministers) in the North. Given forth by the light and power of God appearing in George Fox and Richard Hubberthorn, and The rebukes of a reviler fallen upon his own head, in an answer to a book put forth by one Iohn Stelham, called a minister at Terlin in Essex. Wherein is shewed unto all spiritual men, that he himself is justly proved to be a contradictor of the scriptures, while he falsly accuses others thereof, that are clear, and the saying is fulfilled upon him, he is fallen into the pit, which he digged for others, for even that way which he calls heresie, do we worship the God of our fathers. By R.H..

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

every man, every one, made manifest, jesus christ, early english, english books, christ jesus, brought forth, books online, light within, given forth, may see, living god, goods taken, holy ghost, one pound, bring forth, ten shillings, page images, immediate revelation, true light, lord god, false prophets, taken away, take notice, six pence, christs words, textual changes, defects per, richard hubberthorn, lord jesus, god will, one another, conscience sake, priests answer, four pence, art one, richard hubberthorne, two pounds, false prophet, take heed, bear witness, holy men, eight pence, text creation, creation partnership, every mans, early works, called quakers, six shillings

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are The cause of stumbling removed from all that will receive the truth; and from before the eyes of the wise men of London: in a treatise shewing the difference between the spirit of a man which is the candle of the Lord, and the light which hath enlightned every man that cometh into the world. Also shewing ... there is not diversity of lights and spirits, by which they are ministred ... Herein also is a false hosanna, and a false testimony reproved ... the name of him which hath so long travell''d to bring forth wind and confusion, is one known in the city of London by the name of Iohn Iackson ... that so ... understanding and knowledge of the truth may be increased, in those that follow on to know the Lord. Given forth from the Lords servant, Richard Hubberthorne. A true testimony of obedience to the heavenly call, for which I suffer the loss of all things, that I may be found in obedience to him who hath called me., and A true separation between the power of the spirit, and the imitation of Antichrist. The difference between the pretious and the vile, between the saints and professors, between the power and the form, between the wise virgins who are so indeed, and them who have gotten the name, but want the power..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

lord, god, christ, spirit, law, gospel, scripture, nation, tcp, saints, light, church, son, scriptures, priests, parliament, father, doctrine, conscience, authority, apostles, world, word, truth, town, thomason, tho, steeplehouse, shilling, scots, richard, religion, quakers, prophets, priest, people, peace, opinions, oath, ministry, mayor, liberties, letter, kingdom, king, jews, iohn, faith, exchequer, covenant

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be thou, and The record of sufferings for tythes in England the sufferers are, The seed of God, or, The assembly of his first-born, or, The first fruits unto God in England, in this age, who are called to be faithful, and have been found faithful, therefore have we suffered willingly the spoiling of our goods, for to us the truth is more precious then our estates, lives, or outward liberties, and thererfore hath the Lord accounted us first worthy to suffer for his name sake, and to be as lights in this deceitful generation : those which our suffering is a testimony against, is that priesthood which is light and treacherous, which in all ages the Lord raised up faithful witnesses against : ... : and in these dayes we may say, that they are worse then any troop of robbers, or any that preached for hire that ever went before them, as will appear in this book following, by their devouring vvidovvs houses spoiling mens goods, and destroying mens persons / given forth from those whom the Lord regards, who do tremble at his word, for which cause we are in scorn called Quakers ... is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

light, man, people, men, things, truth, words, scripture, spirit, scriptures, world, power, life, art, thing, shillings, self, hath, day, others, way, heart, sin, thy, work, text, testimony, doth, time, word, saints, knowledge, ▪, conscience, end, hearts, flesh, one, page, witness, answ, understanding, selves, body, none, doctrine, persons, answer, nothing, darkness

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, be, are, was, have, do, did, had, were, said, say, made, come, been, see, know, called, let, being, make, taken, according, given, hath, deny, take, speak, saith, believe, give, swear, read, brought, prove, set, concerning, done, received, put, preached, written, came, witness, thou, sent, spoken, speaks, bring, receive, own

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

god, thou, christ, lord, spirit, hath, law, hast, gospel, john, jesus, word, apostles, art, father, richard, c., iohn, son, s., 〉, ●, heaven, church, doctrine, world, ◊, priests, cor, 〈, paul, light, lords, king, apostle, faith, covenant, ans, minister, book, yea, thee, christs, ministers, ye, quakers, nation, i., ministry, conscience

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

it, his, they, he, them, you, their, we, him, thy, i, your, us, our, thee, me, my, themselves, himself, its, her, she, theirs, ye, ours, one, yours, thou, mine, s, whosoever, ●, wil, whether, whereof, vvith, u, ty, trye, severall, ro, ourselves, ch, ce, ay

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

such, many, same, own, false, true, other, manifest, worth, good, first, contrary, more, great, free, evil, old, wicked, natural, carnal, perfect, saith, pure, much, outward, holy, doth, sufficient, immediate, blind, early, little, vain, new, spiritual, light, ignorant, full, whole, righteous, english, several, wise, eternal, able, dead, corrupt, dark, greater, sure

not, so, then, now, forth, here, up, again, never, therefore, ever, yet, more, also, even, out, as, away, all, there, well, in, down, thus, at, onely, first, much, further, freely, falsly, rather, together, long, truly, only, just, off, therein, before, thereby, far, very, indeed, saith, thereof, on, too, no, else

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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