Good work for a good magistrate or, a short cut to great quiet. By honest, homely plain English hints given from Scripture, reason, and experience, for the regulating of most cases in this Common-wealth. Concerning religion; mercie; justice. By H.P. Peters, Hugh, 1598-1660. 1651 Approx. 110 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 64 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2008-09 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A90537 Wing P1706 Thomason E1364_2 ESTC R203158 99863219 99863219 115408 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A90537) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 115408) Images scanned from microfilm: (Thomason Tracts ; 179:E1364[2]) Good work for a good magistrate or, a short cut to great quiet. By honest, homely plain English hints given from Scripture, reason, and experience, for the regulating of most cases in this Common-wealth. Concerning religion; mercie; justice. By H.P. Peters, Hugh, 1598-1660. [10], 109, [7] p. Printed by William Du-Gard printer to the Council of State, London : 1651. H.P. = Hugh Peters. The words "religion; mercie; justice." are bracketed together on title page. Annotation on Thomason copy: "June 17". Reproduction of the original in the British Library. Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford. Re-processed by University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. 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Great Britain -- History -- Commonwealth and Protectorate, 1649-1660 -- Early works to 1800. 2007-05 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2007-05 Apex CoVantage Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2007-07 Robyn Anspach Sampled and proofread 2007-07 Robyn Anspach Text and markup reviewed and edited 2008-02 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion GOOD WORK FOR A GOOD MAGISTRATE . OR , A short Cut to great quiet . BY Honest , homely plain English Hints given from Scripture ▪ Reason , and Experience , for the regulating of most Cases in this Common-wealth . Concerning Religion ; Mercie ; Justice . By H. P. PROV . 14. 34. Righteousness exalteth a Nation ; but sin is a Reproach to anie People . LONDON , Printed by William Du-Gard Printer to the Council of State. 1651. To the Supreme Power , and all true Patriots under them . Right Honorable ! FEaring this little-nothing — Pocket — Pamphlet might com to your view by som other hand , it was thought needful to prevent prejudice , by assuring your Honors , they are the scriblings of two friends divided by places , to satisfie each other about som practicable pieces of several kindes , especially looking at Religion ; The Poor ; Justice ; Law ; Navie ; Merchandise ; Which now are the breeders of manie thoughts amongst English men . And truly as hee is foolish , that would dare to prescribe to your wisdoms ; so is hee unfaithful , that would keep a mite from your treasure . These are the chatterings of your ignorant and ruder servants , who onely beg pardon of all sorts for their wishing thus , even that all the work of the Nation may bee carried on faithfully , and with the least charge : facile est inventis addere . Everie head here may procure a volume . And it is desired , that no man of anie profession would despise these small things , or the daie of them ; but seriously attend them to enlargment and practice : for doubtless , an honest heart and a quick head will soon enliven all these . Your Honors know you are the Remainders of much winnowing : You know as your travels have been great and dangerous , so verie successful : you know to whom you are indebted : this good wee have alreadie under you , that men may bee as good as they can , but not so bad as they would . You may bee assured the highest Libertie England gape's for is an open daie once in a year or two to choos a wellcharactered Representative , who may tread in your steps of faithfulness and truth ; which work ( they saie ) you are engaged in , and is neer perfecting . It is humbly conceived , Republicks sow the seed of their ruine in faction : which wise men saie cannot bee cured but by frequent elections , and cleer and plain dealings betwixt men in place , according to Mat. 18. And then who can saie a Government of so manie praiers and tears should perish ? when after-ages shall read written on your doors , and practis'd by you and your successors : Haec Domus odit , amat , punit , conservat , honorat , Nequitiam , pacem , crimina , jura , probos . This Hous hate's sin , love's peace , and vice corrects , Maintein's just Laws , and honest men protect's . Then which nothing is more heartily wished by Your Honors H. P. Junii 7. 1651. For my dear friend J. T. My good friend ! You must excuse mee , if I join my thoughts with yours , and further give waie to opportunitie pressing the publishing our heartie short breathings after the good of the Common-wealth , rais'd and preserv'd even to miracle . Bee not discouraged to continue your contributions . I know wee now desire onely to laie this rough work before better heads and hands : and bee assured this Nation is not barren altogether of self-denying spirits , and ingeuous Patriots : and though Holland seem to get the start of Us , yet wee may so follow , as to stand at length upon their shoulders , and so see further . Our present transactions make us look like Martha , wee hope our great end will appear to bee Marie's , One thing necessa●ie . Bear with us till the North and South have blown peaceably and sweetly upon our Garden , and then call for the ripe fruits . For all present differences tie up your judgment a while , and know that God reigneth , let the earth rejoice : Doubtless mercie and truth will follow the Saints now deeply engaged . Live and love Yours H. P. Junii 7. 1651. GOOD WORK FOR A GOOD MAGISTRATE . THe waies , and means ordained of God , to bring anie Nation to , and preserv them in as happie a condition as this world can afford , are by I. True Religion maintained and advanced by the Magistrate , and walked in by the people . II. True Mercie towards the Poor practised , and advanced both by Magistrates and People . III. True Justice , and Righteousness amongst both Magistrates , and People , and towards other Nations . Not that here is intended a large discours upon these heads , with which manie Books might bee filled ; but onely to give som hints of som things , the Magistrates may see practised to advance these ends ; to satisfie a friends desire . I. To advance true Religion . FOr the Advancement of Religion , it will bee expedient to shew how the Universities may bee made useful that waie , as beeing the foundation , upon which the other is built . Though it may bee disputed why illustrious Schools , or Colleges should not bee separated in other parts of this Land , and not all confin'd to Cambridg and Oxford , and these so neer , as in Yorkshire , Cornwal , and Wales , &c. yet becaus the regulating of these wee have , may reach those thoughts hereafter , it is conceived , for present , fit to pitch upon that work onely . And becaus the frame of these two seem's verie rotten , and much shaken , doubtless the Cure must bee in the foundation ; though it bee offensive to som , reverencing too much the ashes of their founders , who ( under the notion of Christ ) served Anti-Christ by works of that kinde . The true Regulating of these Colleges therefore will bee the returning them to the service of Christ indeed . Though in the Gospel wee have no footsteps at all for such conjunction of men in anie place ; yet doubtless they may have their use ; and Learning will prove oil to the wheel in manie works . I suppose it will not bee hard to perswade men to take leav of those ornaments ( or rags rather ) the monuments of Idolatrie , viz. gown , caps , Matriculations , with the manie ceremonies about Commencements ; but let Sholars live as other men for apparel , &c. Colleges properlie are the meeting of men for the hearing Lectures , and improving their parts , not wals to contein monastick d●ones ; and so lose the ends of other mens bounties , as of their own precious time . There need no volumes , nor tedious rules of ordering the waie of Colleges , or studies , if wee agree once upon the End. Two things therfore wee propound : I. That the End bee Christian and Noble . II. That the means bee adequate . I. For the End , it is generally agreed , that it should bee the preparing and sitting younger people for som service , in reference to their Countries ; not for studying to determine in studying ; especially in tendencie to spiritual or civil good ; commonly called Ministrie , and Magistracie : with which terms I know not why anie should quarrel . II. Then the Means need to lead that way , and to bee suitable and certain , if possible . For present this is offred ; viz. That supposing there bee sixteen such Houses in Cambridg , eight may bee laid apart wholly , and onely for those intended for the Ministrie : To carrie this on 1. That , as the Jesuits for wits , so wee , for godliness , chuse all such youth in anie place , or condition where wee finde them at plough or trade , which are godlie and tractable , and send them thither to studie Logick , and tongues , and such to have their maintenance there out of Scholarships , &c. 2. For whom six Tutors are to bee appointed in each College , and have 200 l per annum wholly to attend that work ; and the Senior of these six to bee president first , and the rest in order for the carrying on that work . 3. And all the rest of the Fellowships and Scholarships revenue laid up in a stock , to maintein these young Preachers , when sent out , till they bee setled in the Countrey : and the Tutors of these Colleges shall give testimonie for them so sent out ; or els not to bee received : and so if you need ten or twentie preachers at anie time , you may have them and recruit again , as the Regiment in London doth now . 4. And having such materials , everie College may have in it a Church of Christ ; and so eight Churches ; and more may bee in the Town , which may spread over all the Nation . 5. That they bee taught and exampled by their Tutors in the shortest waie , for doubtless these godlie Students will get more in moneths , then others in years ; their own conscience beeing an alarum to them : And hence with submission it is offred , that Tutors would let them know what parts of man they must deal withal in preaching , viz. 1. The memorie : therefore Method must bee had . 2. The Judgment : ergò cleering of difficulties of all kindes . 3. The Will : which the doctrinal part applied may convince home . And therefore they do well , that in their preaching , and publick reading the Scripture , First analize the chapter ; Secondly , cleer all difficulties in it where ever it lie's ; and thirdly , draw som conclusions from the analysis , which must needs bee the marrow of the Scripture . Wee are bold to conclude , these three things will make a good Preacher in reference to means ( the help of the spirit supposed ) ▪ 1. Sound Judgment in the Scriptures ; which must bee got by prayer and dailie reading . Manie commentators will not do much good ; the the last are best ; for Polemicks your Jesuites will serv for water-bearers : Am●sius , and som such short writers are best , &c. 2. A gift of Application , and bringing that to your heart which wee know ; here all those rational helps of speech will do well ; here Christ's reaching by similitudes would bee minded , which are properly the foolishness of preaching , and som have found do most good . 3. Dexteritie in case of Conscience : in which particular the miserie of this nation ought to bee bewailed , who were wont to bee fruitful in cases . Perkins and Ames have don a little that way , but not much . What want of converting Preachers there is , who see 's not ? and that high opinion of illiterate men's doing so much good is a mistake , if generally observed . And when they are thus fitted , they may bee sent out when there is need , and mainteined by the Collegestock , till provided for in the Countrey , where they may gather Churches in the Countie . All well qualified for the work may join at first ; and after , as the blessing of God appear's , lesser Churches in several places may arise , and Communion held amongst them all , according to that waie of New-England , set forth by Hooker and Cotton . Their maintenance may bee of tithes , or rather from somthing answerable at two shillings , one shilling , or eighteen pence upon a pound-rent : which stock may bee put into three gentlemen's hands , chosen yearly for that purpose , and thence allow to these Preachers , according to their places , conditions , and families : and out of this stock thirtie pound per annum to the widow , during widowhood , when anie die's ; out of this stock the poor may have help ; yea good summes may bee borrowed by the State in anie exigent upon good securitie . And thus the State paie's them , and thus they have dependance upon the State. Two of the ablest of these , may one day in a week , at the Countie-Town , answer all controversies , according to a Rule after prescribed . And for the other eight Colleges , they may have in each six Tutors , to whom , all Gentlemen that would learn anie other Arts or Science whatsoever may resort , and there may you have whatever anie out-Landish Academie can teach : from thence , if anie will applie themselves to the Ministrie , they may com to the other Colleges . And the stock also of these Colleges so preserved , that by that means they may send som to travel abroad , and bee more furnished for the States service , as the Hungarians and other people do . To all this I would add , that manie of your Gentrie , Lawyers , and Physitians might do well to applie themselves , beeing godlie , and qualified , as manie are . Or why might not som of the numerous Gentrie in their Countrey , studie , and either preach for nothing ; or give Physick gratis , or advise in matters of Law freely ? The sins of Sodom creep upon us : and whilest our Souldiers are whetting their swords for the next battel , how manie are whetting their knives for the next feast ? oh ! why should anie make Recreation a trade ? The great Turk teacheth better doctrine , who must bee skill'd in som handicraft : and most forrein Princes are Merchants . After the foundation is well laid in the Universitie , the building thereupon may bee thus framed . 1. Let certain able , fit , godlie , and learned men bee maintained that , not beeing tied by office to anie particular charge , or flock , may , both in publick and private , take all lawful advantages , and opportunities to preach , and dispute for true Religion , travelling continually to that end , and perswading all men , to forsake the waies of sin and error , and to retein and profess the truth , and walk therein . 2. And som one or more setled in everie great Town ; that at certain set times , and places , weekly , may offer to dispute anie point with anie man , in publick hearing of all that pleas to com ; and som to bee appointed Moderators , and one or two appointed by the Magistrates to fine , or mulct either partie , that shall reproch , censure , or use anie unseemlie language , contrarie to humanitie , love , Religion , &c. The advancement of Religion hereby would bee almost incredible . 3. To countenance , and take into special protection all the Churches of Christ , who hold but so much fundamental truth , as denominate's them such , in spirituals to leav them wholly free ; but not to suffer anie brother uncivilly ( though it bee about spirituall Controversies ) to abuse another , either in word or deed , in private or publick , against which certain penalties may bee made ; so shall the Churches have peace , and bee daily multiplied . 4. To caus to bee brought into a Method and printed , those plain Rules in God's word , which hee hath ordained , to preserv , and increas love and peace amongst Churches , and Christians , which Rules are so plain and express , that hardly can anie contention break into a Church , if the Elders do but practise them themselvs , and see the Members do the like ; if but the Rules to order men's words onely were but well observed , 't is strange , what peace and love there might bee . 5. Let everie Church at their entring into that Estate ( or after ) petition the Magistrate for protection , &c. and at the same time also deliver up to the same Magistrate a book of the Articles of their Faith : and wherein they differ from others , and promise the Magistrate also publickly , to walk peaceably together therein ▪ That so , if , after that , anie Brother fall from the Profession of all , or anie of those Articles , and yet will neither leav that Church , nor suffer them to meet in peace , but still go on to disturb them ( for such there are , ) and is uncivil , through a pervers zeal , let him bee punished in som sort by the Magistrate , according to his offence , and the Church to excommunicate him if they finde caus , &c. 6. To provide maintenance for Ministers , and learned men in all Languages , and learning what can bee , especially , for Churches that are poor , &c. about which much might bee said , &c. 7. If the Magistrate see caus , to exhort , and stir up the Churches to keep close to their own Principles , and to bee more zealous , both in word and deed , &c. 8. To advance such to all places of power , honor , and wealth , who are purest in their Profession , and practise of true Religion , both towards God and man. After the love and honor of God , hee chargeth us to love and help our Neighbor , the Magistrate especially , is charged with the weak , as the widows , fathertheless , the poor , and the helpless , &c. of which part of God's will the Magistrate is to have a special care ; to accomplish which , a general rule must bee , that the poor may have their commodities taken off at a markettable price ; els they will rather beg , or steal then work . To which purpose the Council of Trade should bee the Merchant for the State , and in all Counties to have a stock readie , to buy at usuall rate the commoditie of the Laborer ; so as hee may live comfortably , and then the rule following may bee attended . 1. Let all vagabonds and idle persons , and such as make a trade of begging , that are able to do anie kinde of work , bee restrained , set to work , or punished . 2. Let such provision bee made , that all may bee set to work that are able , and willing ; that all excuse for beging or stealing bee prevented , which is not so hard to bee don . 3. All lame and blinde that are healthful , may bee set to som work , and the sick , and unable kept in Hospitals ; and it is the Magistrates dutie to see it performed , out of love to humanitie , and maintenance cannot bee wanting if full indeavor bee used therein . Amsterdam is far advanced herein . 4. Let truly poor Families and persons bee made partakers of the publick Alms , either of the Churches of which they are , or houses in which they dwel ; Amsterdam doth much this waie , but this work might bee much more advanced : and the Lord would delight in such , and do them good . 5. Let in everie town a Lombard ( or bank of lending ) bee appointed , where the poor , that have no friends , or will not make their need known , and such as on a sudden are fallen into som strait , may have monie upon their paune upon a reasonable Interest ; A Lombard well regulated , would bee a worke of much mercie ; and the monies of orphans might bee imploied in this waie to maintein the fatherless , and increas their stock , so would good bee don both waies . And herein lie's the wisdom of the Magistrates , to do a publick good , and yet not hinder , yea oft increas the publick stock of the Common-wealth ; manie such things are don in the Low-Countries . 6. To give freedom of dwelling , Trading , and protection [ mercie also ] to all strangers ; to make little or no difference , as the Lord of old commanded his People , and promised to bless them for it , and this will inrich a Nation mightily , as wee see in Holland , aud not hurt anie Natives , as envious Persons think , and can by good Reasons bee proved . 7. A special relief to poor people , and great good unto all sorts is the coining of farthings , and half farthings , and other small monie , 't is incredible the good and convenience of it ; and all former inconveniences as easily prevented : for which end , all money less then sixpences mixed with so much Copper or brass ; that from one pennie to four pence , all may bee as big as sixpences , and the farthings or half farthings must bee made so big , that they may have their value in copper , so will they not bee made by others , when the profit is small , nor people lose them when they are made so big ; but special care must bee had , that so much copper and small monie bee not made , as would bee a burthen to anie . 8. A Chamber , or Court to keep secure , and advance the estates of fatherless Children , &c. is of great use and relief for Orphans ; the Laws and Orders about it are manie , and all must tend to the securitie and increas of the estates of such Children ; as their Parents for the better securitie have by testament , betrusted the publick with ; or as it is in Holland , where the estates of all that die without wills , are seized by the deputies of that Court , and the nearest or best friends of the Children ordered to manage the estate of the children : yet so as they may do nothing without consent of the Lords ; and what is don at last , is all upon good securitie , for safetie and increas of the estate , which beeing managed by true Justice and mercie , is of great use to the fatherless , and of great use to the Common-wealth , as might bee manie waies proved . 9. And som cours must needs bee taken , that poor men especially , may not bee for small debts clapt up in prison , and thereby they and their families undon in a short time , becaus hee is not able to put in Bail ; yea , how manie a Merchant undon presently , that was in a thriving waie , and strangers also oft undon upon meer pretences ; and great is this oppression . 10. Wherefore , let no houskeeper that hath dwelt in that place a year , or a year and a quarter , bee liable to bee arrested till after sentence , and execution bee out against his goods ; and if no goods can bee found , then the creditor may have power to laie the debtor in prison , if hee think hee hath concealed his goods , and have anie friends that will releas him , provided the Creditor must allow him six pence a daie , or less , so long as hee keep 's him there : and though this may bee abused , yet cannot bee so hurtful as the other . 11. Another relief to poor and strangers is , that no stranger ( that is not a Town-dweller ) after arrest may bee carried to prison ; nor anie sute begun till parties appear before the Peace-makers , appointed in everie Town for that purpose , to see if they can end the controversie , and perswade them to peace and love ; if not , let the debtor put in securitie to answer the debt , if possible hee can : if not , let him bee forced to put into the hands of the Peace-makers ( or others ) twentie shillings , fiftie shillings , five pounds , ten pound , or one hundred pounds , as the man is of abilitie , and the debt in greatness , on condition to have his libertie presently in that Town , but not to go out of Town , till sentence bee given one waie or other , upon forfeiture to the poor of that summ deposited in the Peace-makers hands , if hee go out of Town before the debts bee paid , and the Creditor to take som other opportunitie , to sue the debtor in the Town where the debtor dwel's , or to arrest him another time , in the same Town , and then not so to bee trusted again . 12. Great cruelties are committed in Prisons , by great charges for fees , chambers , and dear victuals , and by stinking and unwholsom rooms ; all which in Mercie and love to humanitie ought to bee prevented . 13. Som cours also must bee taken , that widows and under aged , and persons of small parts and education , may not bee over-reached , as oft they are by agreements , and under-writing of bills , for which are divers Remedies . 14. That none bee prest to serv the State as Souldiers , by sea or Land , against their wills , ( the evils of which are great and manie ) unless in som verie great exigent ; and no State shall need to do it , if they manage State-affairs well ; keep a rich , publick stock , and pay well , you shall never want men ; and should not they bee just and pay well that are to administer Justice to all others ? 15. Needs must there bee set up in everie Town a hous , to receiv and bring up to all manner of Trades , the Orphans of such , as die without anie estate ( or if they have so little , that none of their Kinred or acquaintance will take upon them , to bring up the Children ) who beeing left to beg , or perish , &c. the civil Fathers of the * fatherless are to take charge of them ; young babes to bee nurst up , and after learned to read , write , &c. and when big enough , to bee set to work , to learn somthing to live by ; and if the stock will bear it , to have ten or twentie pounds to set up a trade for themselvs , beeing big enough ; or when they marrie out of the Weeshous , as manie do in Holland . The orders for to regulate this hous are manie . And for means to maintein it , everie able Citizen , at first , will give ten , twentie , one hundred pounds , or more , beeing put on it by the Magistrates and Ministers , and more will daily bee given by divers waies , and especially by Testament when men die , if all bee right carried . III. Justice . VVHere there is true Religion and Mercie , no doubt but there will bee good Justice ; yea , Justice is more necessarie to the immediate subsistence of a Common-wealth then the two former ; for manie Common-wealths subsist without true Religion ▪ and much Mercie ; but without Justice , no Common-wealth can long subsist ; and it is , of the three , the most immediate and proper work of the Magistrate's office , * to see true Justice executed . Here wee take leav to propose a short Model for the Law , upon which Justice hang's , and which hath cost so much trouble and expens . 1. REgisters to bee setled in everie Parish , kept everie year by two men chosen to that work ; and all Lands and houses entred into that book distinctly ; and the Copie thereof transferred to the Countie-Town ▪ in case of fire , &c. and in these books all alienations &c. entred ; and none authentick but such , that so none might bee mistaken in premorgages , or anie other waie ; whereby everie one may cleerly bee satisfied , in what hee hath , or can claim as his own . 2. That all papers for all contracts , for monie or Lands , buying or selling by anie writing , have a small Seal of the States on the top of it ( for which three pence or six pence paid to the State , for which a Model is readie : such papers will bee of great use for men's securitie that deal ; and an insensible incom to the State. 3. That in everie Countie , everie hundred yearly choos three men to bee Peace-makers , or friend-makers for that year , to hear and determine all common-controversies between man and man ; from whom they may not appeal ; and the danger cannot bee much by these often elections ; for certainly , the happiness in Government will never lie upon Laws , but men ; all good men carrying good Laws in their bosom : and therefore Venice , and other States have founded their welfare in Elections ; To which Characters and qualifications must necessarilie bee given out by the supreme power : and the ballating ▪ box never used but upon exigents , it being a Lot , and was wont to bee a part of Worship ; it beeing used in Scripture , onely in two cases ; Civilly , in the dividing Lands and inheritances ; Divinely , in the chois of Matthias for an Apostle . And the Rule is , Where Providence doth no waie appear in the use of other means , then the Lot take's place . But never do wee read of a Lusorie Lot , made common by Cards and Dice , and urged by a grave Preacher in a dispute , betwixt him and learned Ames . To add a word more . In the chois of a Parlament ▪ man , if a thousand meet to choos , let these choos an hundred out of that number to choos for them , and the rest depart ; the one hundred then out of themselves choos twentie , to choos one for that service : and these upon oath to bee faithful ; if among these , two bee in competition , then to ballating . No man to have a voice that hath been an enemie ten years . 4. all entails may bee cut off for ever , and men have libertie to bestow what they have to whom they pleas , the eldest having a double portion . What mischiefs have com'n upon families by greatning the eldest , and abasing the rest , let Englishmen judg ; yea , the high waies and gallows can witness , and forrein plantations can testifie . And if Daughters were ingenuous , and would work , they ought to have equal portions with sons . It is an unpleasing spectacle to see in the Cities so manie men , fit for nobler things , to sell those wares , which were properly the imploiment of women , and their daughters . I wish a serious remedie hereunto : and that men should not blush to bee sitting in shops , yea , the choice Gentrie of the Nation , I much wonder . 5. For a Bodie of Laws , I know none but such as should bee the result of sound reason , nor do I know anie such reason , but what the God of wisdom hath appointed . Therefore the Moral Law ( that short Law called ten words ) is doubtles best ; to which Moses's judicials added , with Solomon's Rules and experiments , will bee compleat . I wish our Lawyers would urge these for Law ; and not those obsolete presidents , which will hardly prov , or make a Sea man's suit to fit our occasions . Necessitie isthe mother , and ill manners together , of the best Laws . I am fully satisfied with what the Supreme power shall give out daily ; yea , though they daily alter somthing , if for the good of the whole . If anie Lawyer bee continued , let them bee allowed , and paid by the State , and plead for justice , even for justice sake . Why should expenses in Law bee thus bottomless ? yea , such , as would maintein an Armie , and the fountain and issues thereof generally malice , and rancor . Why are not the Fees of Physitians stinted ? and then help commanded upon a known price ? I know they cannot suffer by it . 6. Wills and Testaments may bee acknowledged by the next two Justices , before whom they may bee proved without anie charge ; and then entred into the former Register of the Parish , or a Book kept in everie Parish to that purpose . 7. This beeing don , it is verie advisable to burn all the old Records ; yea , even those in the Tower , the Monuments of tyrannie . 8. No Lawyer to plead at anie Committee . 9. And for Arrests , that summons may bee left at men's houses ; and not such a nest of bailiefs mainteined , even an Armie of Caterpillers ; the worst of men imploied that waie . 10. None to distrein for taxes , or other debts ; but the debtor's outward door taken away , and carried to the Town hous , and as manie other new doors as are set in the place . The shame and danger hereof will urge sudden payment . Rules for Justice . 1. None can bee free of great injustice , who by persecution for Religion take awaie libertie of conscience from anie : whose Principles or practises are not dangerous to the Government , Peace , Proprietie , and good of the Common-wealth ; if they otherwise live but civilly . For as God himself : so his Vicegerent the Magistrate must caus his Sun to shine , and his rain to fall both upon good and bad . 2. And can it bee just to punish anie by lothsom prisons , before a hearing whether they bee guiltie or no : how manie innocent persons have suffered this waie , and how manie have lost their lives by sicknesses got there ; put in for small faults which are crying sins , and must needs bee amended . 3. Long laying in prison before sentence ; or delaies in Justice is great crueltie to manie , and it mightily provoke's the Lord , as Isaiah saith : and certainly it may bee remedied , if there were compassion enough to prisoners . 4. Delaies in sutes in civil things , prove's great injustice , yea , an unjust Judgment would not bee so ill to manie , as are long delaie's before sentence ; And som bodie must one daie answer for peoples great loss of time , and ruine to som , onely by delaies . 5. To attain to pure Justice is a verie great blessing of God , both to Governors and governed : Wherefore let a Committee bee ordained , one , or more to receiv requests , and advise from everie particular Town and Countie ; how true Justice may best bee obtained , how all damages and hurts may best bee prevented , and all sutes bee best hindered , but when begun , and committed : how soonest and best ended , and remedied . 6. And above all Laws whatever can bee thought of , no waie so good to attain good and speedie Justice , as to put into all places of Judicature , men that fear God , and are lovers of Justice , precise in their promises and performances ; for there are godlie men not verie just nor wise , and on the other side , there are Turks and Infidels verie just men , and abhor bribes , or to break their words , &c. 7. Things must bee so ordered , that no man ( nor Court of men alwaies ) alwaies bee above Justice , or so powerful , but that hee may bee called to account , before a Court of Justice , and there censured if hee deserv it ; for if anie bee , the evils of it will bee verie great in time , as might bee well proved . 8. Let no person , Citie , Court , or anie kinde of men have anie Privilege , that may bring dammage or hurt to the Common-wealth , or to anie particular men ; for this is to establish injustice by a Law , and great wrong is don to the Common-wealth by Privileges given to particular men , and companies ( and oft under pretence of doing good to the Common-wealth ) as might easily bee proved : and therefore men take such pains , make such suits , and give such gifts , for to have such privileges , out of self-love . 9. For Civil Controversies , let there bee in everie Town , and place , ( or Ward ) appointed two or more Peace-makers ; who may hear the differences between man and man , before anie may go to Law , and if it bee possible , let them end it : and fit men for such business , will end most controversies , and spare the Magistrate a great labor , and the Commonaltie , great trouble , and charge , and onely by perswading ; yet these must bee well regulated , they must hear no man in private alone ; and manie the like . 10. That Justice may be neer to all men , let there bee in everie Citie , town , and hundred , appointed five , or seven able fit men , to determine all Controversies for Debts , and strifes ; and anie three of them present , to have power to give sentence ; and well regulated with other Laws ; in weightie cases they may advise with learned men , both Advocates , and Divines , but the power to determine to bee in them ; as in Holland . 11. Let no appeals bee from these men ( five or seven ) that are yearly new chosen ) but in verie weightie Matters ; first , let there bee once in a moneth , or at som set times , a Court for appeals ; of all these seven men ( not one to bee wanting upon a certain pecuniarie mulct ) for revision of the sentence of such as finde themselvs aggrieved at a former sentence , by three or four of these men , and if his case bee found bad by them all , let him paie three , five , or ten percent , to the charges of the Court , for his presumption : and if hee will yet appeal to a higher Court , let him first laie down the summe hee is condemned in , into the Towns hands : which the demander may take out upon good securitie ; And lastly , let there bee no appeal , out of that Countie or shire , in which the partie dwell's ; for manie weightie Reasons ; and that , if the summe bee but above such or such a value , as the Towns are in which the sentence is given : for if men bee willing to give a just sentence , few cases are so difficult , but they may finde the right ; and if they doubt , they can take two or three daies time for consideration , praier to God , and advise with other men , &c. Much might bee said for proof , and orders here-abouts , if it would not bee too tedious . 12. Besides the constant , set good men at first spoken of ; there are manie good men must bee made use of , as occasion serve 's ; as manie controversies about the goodness of Commodities cannot bee ended presently by the Judges , till good men that have skill in such commodities , do view the same , and value things , &c. and if then they cannot make the parties agree , to make their report to the Judges , how they finde things , and they to give sentence accordingly ; so for accounts , not possible to end mens differences justly , till accounts bee well looked over , and both parties are heard in private by good men , and divers the like : so that the Judges must know manie honest , able men's skill in such and such things , unto whom they may presently refer each controversie , according to the nature of it , whereby they shall decide things more justly , and eas themselvs of a verie great burden : with better content to both parties , that have the difference . 13. Let everie man plead his own caus , and if hee think 's his adversarie too strong , or himself too weak , hee shall have libertie to take a friend , or Neighbor to plead for him , whom hee judge's able ; But not to let anie Advocates , Attornies , Scriveners , nor anie for salaries to plead for anie man , for manie weightie Reasons , unless the difference bee about a great summe , as sixtie , eightie , one hundred pounds or more ; then to admit Lawyers to plead , if one , or both parties desire it ; yet so , that after they have don , the parties themselvs may have libertie to speak , if one or both desire the same . 14. Let all mens Testimonies bee taken by notarial writings under oath : or in the writing to offer an oath : if desired to verifie what is therein attested , ( yet so , that parties may bee sent for , and examined by word of mouth , each apart , if anie fraud bee doubted in the testimonie ) which will prevent incredible loss , trouble , and vexation to manie . 15. Let all Judges , Advocates , Attornies , Scriveners , Sergeants , Jailors , and all whatever belong ro Courts of Justice , have their pay , or salaries out of som publick stock of the Common ▪ wealth ; and to defraie all charges herein ; let everie one that is condemned in his sute , or that sue's , and implead's another unjustly , or doth another wrong , and thereby forceth another to sue for his right , paie one , two , three , &c. per Cent. for a mulct or fine , to this publick stock , and let them that sue , or wrong another most basely , and apparently unjustly , and out of plain deceit , and wrong paie half , or the whole sum that hee would have deteined another of : the half whereof give to him that was wronged , or sued unjustly , and the other half to this publick stock , so shall men fear to wrong , and sue another unjustly , and prevent abundance of suites , and quarrels , and prevent charges to him that is , or might bee wronged ; and the unwillingness of these Offices to do their office , when they have nothing of them that set them awork , may bee prevented by other means . 16. In greater Cities ( especially in London ) where fall's manie differences , there must bee so manie Courts of Justice , that all suites may bee ended in a week , or if there bee too manie writings to peruse , and difficulties to hear ; then to bee put to good men to peruse , and hear them , and they for to bring in their report , how they finde things , if they cannot comprimise it ; and all ordinarie suites to bee ended at the first hearing , or next daie at a second hearing ; if som paper , or circumstance of proof bee wanting , in the same Citie may bee two or three Courts of the same kinde : onely one for a greater , another for alesser summe . Besides , there may bee one two , or three Courts for Sea matters , at London ; if one bee not enough to end all things quickly ; one for quarrels ; one for monies , and one for agreements in writing , in which fall anie differences ; another there may bee for quarrels , between Masters and men , Mistresses and maids , &c. and other Courts there may bee , if there bee need : and better the Judges sit , though they somtimes have little or nothing to do , then hundreds daily wait on them , and know not when they shall bee heard , &c. 17. Let not one man have power of anie Iudgment alone , by anie means ; for besides , one is more capable to bee bribed then manie , that are changed yearly ( onely one in a Court , staie's on for the year after , and hee to bee the first president for that year : ) one man cannot think of all things needful at that time , so well as manie men can do ; and oft divers men , or one amongst them finde's a deceit better , and sooner then one man alone can do . 18. Let order bee taken , that no man may bee put in prison , and have his libertie taken away for debt , before sentence bee past , and that hee bee condemned : and when anie bee put in prison , let their caus bee heard , and presently determined ; and if they bee in debt , and cannot pay their debts , nor anie friends for them ; then let them bee set to work , that in time hee may paie his debts , or if possible som part of it ; for that is just , and will make others take heed how they com into debt ; and do much other good . 19. All living men are so partial , that I doubt , there is not one alive hath so much grace , or truth , that at all times would impartially give sentence ; and though som would not take monie , or presents , directly and by compact ; yet manie will take som kindness , at lest indirectly , especially , from friends or kinred ; and though som would abhor all this , especially for the most part , yet are there anie living men , that dwell in houses of clay , and see through flesh , that would not at som times bee partial to their neer friends and acquaintance , and give such a sentence for them , as they would not do , if it were for an enemie , &c. Wherefore , it is of verie great concernment , that som cours bee taken , to prevent , as much as can possible bee , all partialitie ; for which manie things might bee don , and manie brave orders made , if men were willing to do all that might bee . Great punishments on them that take gifts , * or pervert Judgments upon anie pretence , is one good means , and manie other helps there are . 20. Sore punishment against fals witnesses ; is of great conducement to Iustice , and few men there are that fear an oath , indeed much less a lie , or fals Testimonie , when it may advantage themselvs , or friends ; and most men in words , do abhor a fals oath ; yet verie few in a temptation , that make true conscience of it : but finde a thousand waies to absolv themselvs , and blinde their own consciences , that they may not think themselvs forsworn , or to have born fals witness : wherefore against the subtletie and deceitfulness of man's heart , in this and the former article especially , all diligence of the depth of wisdom must bee set on work , by means whereof , good Laws , and order , and right antidotes may bee found to prevent all the mischief of these evils . And where anie doubt is , each of the witnesses must bee examined alone , in a room apart ; by which means great discoveries of untruth will bee found out , to wonderment . 21. Let som able men bee appointed ( but so as they bee not known to bee such ) continually to ride up and down , and bee present at Courts of Iudicature , somtimes in one town and Countie , somtimes in another ; and when they finde anie Court to do apparent injustice , let them discover it to the State , for them to take a cours , that such Judges may bee punished , as they finde each in that Court to have been guiltie thereof ; so shall all Courts of Justice fear to do wrong , lest som of these men bee there present to disclose their injustice . Yea doubtless , it would bee of admirable use , to have either Sheriffs , or som other , to give an account of the obedience given to all Acts of Parlament , yea , to see them obeied in the Counties . For Justice in Criminal Causes . 1. LEt the same men in everie town , and Countie , that have the Judgment in Civil , have the Judgment in Criminal Causes ; but in Countrie towns and places , where are no men of much judgment , let them not have the power of life and death in their hands , but onely som other corporal punishments ; yet 't is strange to see in the Low Countries , how their Bores , or men in Countrie towns , that in manie places have power of life and death , will do better justice then learned men in other Countries . 2. Next daie ( or two ) after anie are com or brought into prison , let them bee examined , that if anie bee unjustlie imprisoned , hee may bee forthwith set at libertie ; and for such as are guiltie , let them bee tried , and sentence pronounced , and executed as as often as possible may bee , that Iustice may bee speedily exercised to the terror of evil doers ; and it will save much charge to the Common-wealth , not to keep long in prison . 3. Let no Malefactors against the light of Nature , and civil societie , escape unpunished , but bee justly and speedily punished , not in prisons before hand , by cold , heat , stink , famine , or anie other wale ; but out of humanitie , let them bee comfortably provided for , till sentence bee given ▪ and then let Justice take place ; Tha● all Murtherers , Theeves , Whore ▪ mongers , Adulterers , fals-witness ▪ bearers , evil-speakers , deceivers ▪ Bankrupts , Drunkards , roiotors Traitors , Blasphemers , and all manner of evil doers may bee duly punished , rather inclining to mercie then crueltie , and alwaies with a merciful heart . 4. Let no man or Court have power to pardon anie offenders ; for mercie to one offender is crueltie unto manie innocent persons ; for if one get's pardon , one hundred will hope for the like ; and it increaseth offenders , and wrong 's the Common-wealth , and tend's onely to the unjust greatness of him , or them that have that power , and by God never commanded . 5. Let no difference bee made between Iews , or Gentiles , bond or free , stranger or Natives , in either Criminal , or Civil things : for so hath God commanded , and by this means shall the Governors bee true fathers of humanitie ; And it will mightily populate , and inrich the Common-wealth , when the oppressed in anie other Countrie know where to go dwell , under so just Government , with freedom from oppression . 6. That the children nor heirs of Malefactors bee punished , or disinherited for the misdeeds of their Parents , becaus the Lord hath so commanded , and the punishment of children for their Parents faults in former times , hath been used chiefly by Tyrants , who , to secure * themselvs the better against treasons , and hurt to themselvs , set such sore punishments to deterr all from hurting them , which should not have needed , had they lived justly . * If the Father forfeit his estate , do it , but let his small children have their portions out of it , if they have no waie approved their father's evil . 7. And I believ it can never bee shewed out of anie Historie , either Divine , or humane , that ever God changed or put down that Government , or brought so general a plague as war , &c. upon a Nation , to destroie half , or a quarter of the Inhabitants , so long as , but anie reasonable measure of Justice * was found amongst them ; how much then will hee bless that Nation , and Government , with all manner of blessings , both spiritual and temporal , where with good Justice , both true Religion and Mercie are advanced ? And most certainly , * that Government † that followeth these principal Rules of God's word , shall never bee changed whilst they continue so doing , * and that Nation shall alwayes continue most happie † who are so governed ; for the Lord will not fail of his good word , nor is his arm shortned . It is verie adviseable , that since England breed's so manie thieves , and hanging thereupon is so common and cheap , and yet little reformation , that two Gallies may bee built to row from Gravesend to Queenborow , and where els they may , ( according to weather ) and put theeves on these two years , seven , ten , or during their life ; certainly this will help more then the Gallows , and more conformable it is to God's will ; and since the root of manie mischiefs is base swinish drunkenness , and the cure hereof never reached by all the Laws alreadie made ; there is but one main Cure propounded , Viz. That it bee inacted through the Nation , that none drink to another , directly , or indirectly , upon the forfeiture of twelve pence , whereof six pence to the informer , and six pence to the poor ; which , though it seem ridiculous , will prove the likeliest waie of prevention ; the practice beeing of men ingrammatical , and practised in no Countries , but among our neighbors in Germanie , &c. ANd becaus Justice cannot bee executed without Power , therefore God hath given the Sword into the Magistrate's hand to maintein the Good , and punish evil doers ; wherefore the Militia must bee alwayes well looked to , and provided for . 1. By putting into all offices , both in Garrison and field , godlie and trustie men , the State may relie on . 2. To have all Store-houses bee neer at hand , and well provided of all sorts of Ammunition , and constantly well drest and looked to , both in peace , and in time of war especially . 4. * To put the Sword into no private Souldier's hand , that is uncivil ; much less into the hands of lewd persons , who love no Justice . * They will destroie victuals in plentie , cannot fast in want , sooner fall sick , and weaken the Armie : mutinie sooner , and fail and faint in the time of battail . 5. Let all Militarie persons , both Souldiers , and Officers , bee truly and justly paid , whatever is promised them ; for they that are to maintein Justice , must bee first just themselvs , and keep Souldiers from injustice , which cannot bee without due paiement ; for by good paiment you may have chois of Souldiers ; and may keep them in good discipline , and may bee so justly ordered , that they will bee no burthen , but profit to the places where they are . 6. Do justly in advancing such to Offices in the Armie and Garrisons , as are deserving men , and have longest , and faithfully served the State , and not to put in friends that never were souldiers , or other men for money , or other self-ends , whereby manie are discontented , and the Armie made less serviceable , and the State thereby weakned : when the souldiers see them in power so unjust . 7. Let all roiotous , and deboist souldiers bee turned out of service ; for such are plagues to provoke God to wrath , they will brag much , and when it come's to fighting , do little ; when an Armie is in plentie , they will devour abundance , and the sooner bring the whole to want ; and when want com's they are the less able to bear it ; but will sooner grow sick , infect others , die themselvs , and weaken the whole . Neither can rioters fast when need is , so long as temperate men . 8. Lastly that all Commissions and Orders pass in the militarie channel , and all Souldiers to give an account to the General , and the General to the State , no interfearing with them and the civil Government , the English Souldierie being the most unparalel'd men in the world . ANd becaus the Militia cannot bee maintained without money ; Therefore hath God commanded , that Tribute shall bee paid to them that bear the sword of Justice ; and things must bee so ordered , that the Common-wealth may have a verie rich stock , or revenue at least , to defray all charges plentifully , without which they cannot be just . 2. The charges of the whole common-wealth , must bee duly known , and all unnecessarie charges cut off , and then a proportionable tax laid accordingly , plentifully to defray all those charges ; so as no man must paie more currantly , nor buy all things cheaper then the Common-wealth ; for they must bee an example of truth in what they promise ; and Justice in performance to the whole Common-wealth , how will the Lord then bless them ? 3. Special care must bee had , that men fearing God and hating covetousness , may bee chosen and trusted with the stock of the Common-wealth ; and yet so regulated , that if any prove fals , they may do little hurt . 4. The Charge of the Common-wealth may bee made much less by lessening the state of Officers , both civil and militarie , by land and sea , which is nourished in a Kinglie Government , to maintain their Port and Grandure : But in a Common wealth , who desire wealth indeed , this statelie Port is wholly needless , as hath most eminently been seen in the Low Countries , where 't is strange to see ( though now 't is ten times greater then in the heat of their wars against the King of Spain ) how small state , the States themselvs hold : Lords of the Admiraltie , Burgomasters of the greatest Cities , not one of an hundred have so much as a man or serjeant to wait on them in the streets , yet do the highest acts of Power , with asmuch vigor as the King of Spain himself . 5. Let as many offices of the Common-wealth ( as can bee ) bee served by men of qualitie , who will do it freely without any charge or salaries ; of which you need not doubt of chois ; for how manie thousands are in England , men that have enough to live on , and nothing to imploie their able parts in ; who gladly , som out of love of humanitie and the common good , others , but that they might bee well imploied , som out of love of Autoritie , and honor , &c. would gladly serv the Common-wealth ; yea , and would petition ten for one office , ( if it were but brought into custom , as it was under the Romane Common-wealth-government* ) and what a mass of monie might bee saved by this means , and the Common-wealth more honored by beeing sued to to bee served ? and yet all offices better served then now by needie men , that desire still more to inrich themselvs , and whose hearts saie not yet , I have enough , as manie men do , that live on what they have . * And should not Christians serv the Common-wealth freely , as well as the Romanes ? 6. As manie officers about custom , excise , Clerks , Treasurers , Committees , Towns , freeedoms , Officers of Companies , and manie the like might bee discharged , as would alone maintein a great Armie , if all customs , Excise , and a hundred other waies of gathering monie were put down , and instead thereof , all men throughout the whole Common-wealth , that are able to paie anie thing * taxed once in a year , what each shall give , each according to his rents , estate , trade , and handicraft , and a place appointed in each town , and Citie , where everie one shall themselvs bring the money they are taxed at , with how few Officers and little charge might this bee don , and how easie would it bee for men to paie , when they should have all things so cheap without custom , Excise , or charge of thousands of Officers ; how would men bee inabled hereby to paie their taxes by the multitude of Trade that would flow in , if all Customs , &c. were free . 7. This tax to paie the whole charge of the Common-wealth ( both the charge of the State , and all the charges of each town and Citie ) may bee ordered to bee paid at once , or at three , or four several times everie year ; or rebate set for them that bring it in before the time limited , proportionable to the time ; and manie other means may bee used , to caus people to paie willingly ; or the tax may bee laid much less , and the rest taxed upon Burials , weddings , and feastings , or the like , and people forbidden by a Law , not to make such great weddings , burials , Christnings , &c. and instead thereof , to give but the half so much to the State. 'T is strange , what abundance of monie might bee gathered by this means , and yet people have never the less , seeing now they spend twice so much , in such things as bee wholly useless , and do but hurt and trouble themselvs , so to spend their monie . 8. Great would the advantages bee , both to the State , and particular towns , to have a rich publick stock ; as a well monied man that is prudent , by God's blessing get's up above all his Neighbors ; so would it bee with a rich State , through God's blessing beeing well managed ; I could bee large herein : first , the State might bee just , and paie all justly , and presently , upon which a blessing is promised . Secondly , all things might bee bought for readie monie , the advantage whereof is verie great . Thirdly , you are readie to lend to anie Neighbor ▪ Nation , and take strong holds for securitie , which is oft of great concernment . Fourthly , you are readie not onely to defend , but to offend anie Nation that wrong's you , or assist anie Nation oppressed , by which oft whole Provinces are gained , and in general all happiness attend's this State ; for as Christ saith to him that hath ( using it well ) shall bee given , and this riches is your strong tower . 9. T is as easie for anie State to get a rich stock , and Revenue , as for anie private man that hath a good trade , to gather monie , if hee will bee thriftie and diligent ; but as no man can grow rich that will bee gallant , and costly at first ; So Kings , Princes , and States that will bee thriftie , and diligent , may gather monie like dust , and make silver like the stones of the street , and that in twentie , thirtie , or fiftie years time ; for think not but it must have a time , and may as easily spend all again , as wee see in Solomon , or bee alwayes poor , and in straits , as all States almost are , and know not how to get out of debt , when 't is meerly their own faults , as may most evidently bee proved . And no people , ( when a State is setled ) will bee * unwilling to paie anie taxations , when they but see , or conceiv that 't is well used , and improved ; but if States will go upon profuse charges , when they are poor , and keep thievs that steal the publick stock continually , no marvel if people bee unwilling , &c. 10. If this waie of gathering monie with most eas , and least charge cannot bee brought about , without disturbance of the Common-wealth ; There are manie waies to gather more monie by Excise and Custom , then now on foot , and with less grievance to the Common wealth . It is wished that all that use Coaches should paie fifteen pound , or twentie pound yearly to the State. And so for Hackney ▪ men , according to discretion . And to give all incouragement to Weavers and others , to make all the manufactures of silk in England , and to treat with som Weavers , and merchants , for the setting up of Looms , and other inventions in England , for getting of the manufacture here , and that countenance by the Magistrates may bee given to the undertakers of what Nation soever , provided they bee bound to set onely our English poor awork , and bring over into England but a certain number , not exceeeding a hundred , to teach our Nation the manufactures aforesaid : this beeing don , would imploie manie thousands of our poor , and get this Nation a rich manufacture , and serv the exportation of our treasure , which ought now carefully to bee looked after , the like ought to bee don for the advancement of making all sort of linnen cloth . That whereas great quantitie of Gold , and Silver is wasted in this Nation , in the making Gold and Silver-lace and thred , and the vanitie and excess thereof is grown so great , that an Act may bee made for the putting of it totally down , that none bee permitted to wear it ( or expose it to sale under a certain penaltie ) or if it bee allowed to bee worn , then onely for persons of qualitie , and that an Excise of at least six pence the ounce bee laid on all the Silver Wyer ( and strict order taken , that none of the currant coins of the Nation bee melted down for the making of that manufacture , of Gold and Silver-Thred , or Wyer ) and that all the workers , both men and women may bee tyed to such just Rules , as all the former abuses practised in this Trade , may bee prevented in the making of that manufacture ( and restrained onely to persons of qualitie , to bee allowed to wear Gold or Silver-lace ; ) By this means manie people will have their monie in their purses , to supplie their necessarie occasions , which they vainly laie out on their backs , to the great waste of their private fortunes , and dammage of the Common wealth : for in all well regulated Common-wealths , the extravagancies of Coin , and profuse people ought to bee restrained by the Magistrates . That all forrein Laces , such as are made beyond Seas , either in silk or thred , bee debarred to bee imported into this Nation , upon the forfeiture of ten times the value the Laces shall bee apprised at : and if you will allow Laces to bee worn here , then let our own poor have the benefit of making Lace here , and not forreiners . To advise all waies and means for the bringing in of Gold and Silver into this Common-wealth , and to inquire , and finde out what waies and designs have been practised to obstruct the Mint and transport your Treasure , and to prevent it carefully for the future , and to give all incouragement to Merchants to bring monies into the Nation ; to do this effectually , would bee a great advantage to the Common-wealth , and require's a diligent prosecution and inquirie after ; to prevent the great abuses in clipped English money , to pass a Law it may all bee cut in pieces , and none to expose it in paiement ; but as Bullion to bee new coined upon strict penalties , against anie person that shall offend in the premises ; for the Common-wealth is verie much cozened by clipped monie . NOw as a man cannot bee accounted verie religious , who is slothful : nor can shew much Mercie without plentie of means to do it withal ; nor will bee just to others , who is not just to himself , and Familie , by diligence to do his utmost indeavor ; in som honest calling ; So the Magistrate in his place is bound to use , and see that all diligence bee used , to make happie the Common-wealth . Which hee shall do . I. By the advancement of Learning . II. By the improvement of Nature . III. By the incouragement of Arts. IV. By the increas of Merchandise . I. FOr the Advancement of Learning , Lord Verulam hath * propounded manie excellent things , and more may bee added by other learned men ; for doubtless , Learning will mightily improve all other things , if so regulated , as self might bee less , and the publick more intended . Two books wee want in England ; viz. First another Martyrologie , continued from Queen Marie's time to the death of the late King. Secondly , the Experiments Ministers and others have in several cases of Conversion , and other cases of Desertion , with the quieting of souls , and means thereunto , with a probatum est , the names of the parties concealed : which if everie able Christian would write , and keep by him , and print , how might Satan's Methods bee discovered , and manie souls comforted ? II. FIrst for the Improvement of Nature , Lord Verulam hath also manie excellent , and learned Problemes , experiments , and speculations , and more in that kinde may bee added , and brought to act by other learned men , by the incouragement , and help of the publick stock , in times of Peace , when war is ended . 2. But of all things , I thinke there is nothing conduceth so much to the profit of all , as cutting of Rivers , where none are , and making them deeper that are too shallow , both within , and without Towns , and from one town to another ; as wee see in the Low-Countries , who have as the Lord Verulam saith , the richest mines above ground in the world : meaning their Rivers . For in a Countrie like England , the third or fourth part of all the Grain sown in the whole Land , is spent upon beasts for carriage , &c. which by Rivers might bee spared : and might by a joint hand , and good order bee made more easily then is thought of . 3. Som Privileges may bee promised , and made sure to such , to be injoied for life , or so manie years , whosoever shall finde anie new invention , for improvement of nature in anie kinde ; bee it in manuring of ground , making it better , and finding anie instruments , to till the ground mith more eas , or less charge or the like . 4. Much may bee don about improvement of Commons ; making of som waters land , and gaining of ground out of the Sea , as is to bee seen in the Low-Countries , to their great inrichment , and admiration of other Nations . 5. A rich publick stock in everie Town , and Citie may hereby bee laid out in improvement of Nature , to the great profit of the Revenue of the Town , and yet greatly to the common good , of which manie examples might bee produced . 6. Daies of publick praier to God , to bless the fruits of the earth , and of publick thanks-giving for his blessing thereupon , is a special means for improvement of Nature ordained by himself , and will bee blessed by him , if rightly kept , and then are special fruits of faith . III. FOr Incouragement of Arts and Manufactures , great care must bee taken , becaus it imploie's hundred thousands , who live upon it , and also is a chief ground for Merchandise , and manie chief setters of people on work , do also much inrich themselvs , to the great good of the Common-wealth . 1. For finding of new Arts , or for bettering of the old , by instruments , easiness , or the like , great riches , honors , or Privileges would bee propounded , and assured , or the State to choos two men , and the inventer two ; and if they agree not themselvs to choos an Umpire , to determine the reward of the inventer , and the same liberally to bee rewarded accordingly : the same whereof would set all the wits of the world on work , to advance your Common-wealth , to the greatest happiness that ever the world yet saw . 2. All means to buy Materials at the cheapest prises , must in a special manner bee indeavored ; and amongst other means a chief will bee , to suffer all Commodities , from all parts of the world to bee brought in free without Custom ; and if they cannot make price to their mindes , that they may transport them freely out again , at all times . 3. That all possible care must bee taken , for cheapest transportation of goods , within the Land , from place to place , both by water and by Land ; ' Also such order about laborers , boats , Carts , and all things thereupon depending ; ' Also such order about workmen , and victual , &c. as may best conduce thereunto , about which much may bee said , too large for this place . 4. That no Artist , or handie-laborer , that gain 's not thereby ten or twentie pound a year ( or so much as shall bee thought fit , according to the cheapness of the place hee live ▪ s in ) if a batchelor , or thirtie , or fortie pounds a year if hee bee married : and five or ten pounds a year for each childe hee hath besides , shall give anie kinde of taxation to the Common-wealth , &c. 5. That all Companies of Artists , or trades ▪ men , give Freedom for all that will ( and are capable thereof ) to set up , or bee free of that Trade , without paying anie thing for freedom , either of the Citie or Companie : for why should anie thing for common good bee so lock't up , inclosed , or paid for ? this freedom would bee found true Freedom , if it were but in use , however it may seem at present . 6. What if once in a year all of each trade ( at several times ) meet together ; and hee that could do best , or most of anie Trade , to have som kinde of prise , or honor that year , &c. 7. Publick daies of praier , that God would pour out his Spirit ( as of grace especially , so ) of sciences and Arts upon his people , &c. IV. FOr Increas of Merchandise , and Merchants , and helps for dispatch of their affairs ; manie things may bee don by the Magistrate , and ought in a special manner to bee looked upon , as a special means to inrich anie Nation . 1. To preserv the Common-wealth at peace , at home especially , and abroad also , as much as possible can bee , with all Nations ; is a chief means to increas Merchants , and Merchandise ▪ And therefore to meddle verie little with other States , but trust in God , who seldom order's his people to that work ; nor to keep anie Leger-Ambassadors from other Nations . 2. To have special care to keep the Soveraintie of the Sea , by numerous and able men of war , well furnished with all things ; and Mariners , Volontiers , and well paid ; and good order for constant convoies , for all places , that Merchants may bee kept from losses ; to accomplish which , manie things are to bee don . This short regulating of the present Navie may incourage others to add their thoughts . The brief Regulating of the present Navie , which now cost's five or 600000 l. yearly . The work consist's either in the Governing , or the Executive part . I. For the Governing thereof . 1. A Committee of Admiraltie consisting of five or seven verie able men , should alwaies sit neer the Council of State , with sufficient Secretaries : and these men ( if need ) may have competent salaries . 2. These to bee able to give satisfaction for all marine affairs whatsoëver at all times : these to have in them the Court of Admiraltie also ; which may easily bee don ; if the Law of Merchants were in force , who , by six men yearly chosen , may end the usual controversies among Seamen and Merchants . The Admiraltie Court ( as now it stand's ) beeing verie offensive . 3. In this Committee , the Admirals of the Sea , to sit , when they return home , as Assistants . II ▪ The Executive part consist's either in building the Ship , or employing it , when built : to which end 1. Laie by all the Docks at Chattam , Detford , &c. whence neer one thousand mouths are daily fed upon the State , besides Officers , &c. 2. That the Ship bee built in a Merchant waie , at anie Dock the Carpenter will , and so built per tun as can bee agreed by the said Committee , and paiement upon deliverie ; for wee finde the verie carriage of the State 's own timber is dearer then timber can bee bought elswhere . 3. That for the performance of Covenants the Committee have a Check , or Overseer upon the ship , whilst building . 4. That som Act bee made for the preservation of timber through the Common-wealth , there beeing much spoil made continually . 5. That the offer of New-England may bee entertained , who tender the building of what Ships , or Frigats are desired , and to bring them into the Thames , and there their value impartially judg'd : who likewise may furnish iron guns , masts , &c. For the Sailing of the SHIP . 1. That an able fit Captain bee chosen , and the Ship commended to his care , whilst hee is worthie . 2. That the said Captain bee in constant paie . 3. That hee rig , man , victual , and take the whole care of the ship himself , with a Muster-Master upon everie ship , or Squadron . 4. That the Captain 's accounts bee given up to the Committee aforesaid , as often as they pleas . 5. That upon anie miscarriage of his , hee bee made verie exemplarie . 6. Seamen to bee paid everie six moneths , in the several places , where they com in to winter . 7. That Ships bee as well kept at other places as at Chattam . By which you save the charge of Commissioners , Victuallers , Pursers , Stewards , Docks , &c. By which means you need not press men ; everie Captain knowing how to get his own gang : and certainly hee that is trusted with a ship worth 10000 l. may well bee trusted with all the rest : hee know's his Officers and men , whereby hee may give a better account then now , when the ship is man'd by strangers ; and then a Captain chosen for six moneths , not knowing the men hee is to join with in his work , nor to see them more when hee leav's them . 3 Special care must bee had to secure Merchants , and their goods on Land as well as by Sea , from danger by fire , by water , by Souldiers , Injustice of Courts , or anie other waie : the means for these ends are plain . 4 To take of all incumbrance from Merchandise , as Custom , Excise , Pasports , &c. by all which Merchants are extremely troubled , vexed , and hindered ; and if men might ship , and unship their goods at all times , and in all places ; and that without anie toll or Custom , how would it increas trade ? how would all the world make England their packhous , as now they do the Low-Countries , where small Customs are paid : much more would it bee here , if no Custom were paid ▪ besides the great riches to your Inhabitants , by factorage , packhouses , Porters and all trades would feel the benefit thereof , to the marvellous increas of the Common wealth , &c. 5 To increas shipping and Marriners for the cheap transporting of Merchandise : for which divers things would bee don ; 't is strange that in the Low Countries , though they have neither wood , Iron , hemp , &c. of their own , but must fetch all things to make ships ( by ships ) from other Countries , yet that they will transport Merchandise at a cheaper rate then anie other Nation , and have got to this height in the midst of a most costlie , dangerous war. 6 To take such a cours which may bee easily don , if there bee a will thereto ; as all differences , debts , and quarrels amongst Merchants and Marriners about shipping , fraits , &c. may bee both speedily and justly ended , and without anie charge to him that hath the just caus ; and a mulct upon him that doth or seek's to do wrong to his Neighbour . Let forreiners and all strangers , Jew , and heathen , have full as just , speedie and cheap Justice as anie , so shall all Nations tell what the Lord hath don for you ; how will Riches flow in ? 7 But one of the greatest things in the world , to increas Merchandise , is to have monie cheap at interest , as in the Low-Countries , where at three 3 ▪ and four per cent . a year , anie Merchant , or anie other that hath credit , may take up as much monie as is incredible , upon his bare , private obligation , without anie Notarie or witness , which is of such concernment for the State it self , and all sorts of people therein as is incredible : and can bee effected as well in England , as anie where , for 't is the meer fruits of Justice and Righteousness , and a secure State ; by reason wherof all Nations in wars , or troubles , or in securitie , make over their treasures to that Countrie , where there is lest fear to lose it ; which bring 's treasures from all parts , and they at length beeing wearie to have it still , give it out at interest at the best price they can get , which at last so manie will do , that monie com's to bee so cheap as you have heard , and make 's Merchants of other parts also send their goods to that Countrie , to lie still for a better market ; when their loss is so little as three or four per cent . for a whole year , which also bring in great riches . 8 Upon which secure , and good state of things , a bank may bee set up , as at Amsterdam , where lie's a great deal of the Merchants , ( and other ) treasure ; for 't is in vain to set up a bank , if Merchants think not their monie would bee as secure there as in their own hands or surer . 1. The advantage of this bank is verie great to the Citie , who stand's for securitie , and whose Deputies ( three of them , yearly two chosen ) are trusted with the whole stock of the bank , which they keep in sellers , made with plaster of Paris , and iron doors with three locks ; the advantage to the town , Laws and orders thereof would bee too large here to rehears . 2. The advantage to the State is also great at som strait , where they may orderly borrow a great summe at low interest , giving good securitie for it : but if the State use anie force , though but once , and necessitate , or force the bank to lend , then is the bank spoiled for twentie years , or an age , as the case may stand . 3. The advantage to merchants is great , especially to great ones , to have all their monie receiv'd , and paid for nothing , and most paid by bills , without stirring anie monie , onely set from one man's account to another's . 9 For saving of time , and that Merchants may keep a man the less , and that the Bank may also receiv , and paie their monie the easier ; there must also bee minted or coined so manie hundred thousand pounds in five shilling peeces , as that all great summes may bee received , and paid in great monie , the commoditie whereof is great to Merchants , though there were no bank . 10 T is also a thing of great concernment to make currant , at a true value the monie of other Countries , by a wise Government whereof , suitable to the exchange , and other considerations , the riches of other Countries may by an unsensible subtletie bee drawn into yours , as in the Low-Countries . 11 And great care is to bee taken about the Mint , and fals Coiners , and not to mint too much or too little monie of one kinde ; for Merchants , and all Inhabitants are accommodated , or disaccommodated greatly hereby . 12 A common weigh-hous ( two or three in great Cities ) with four or eight several great and small ballances , in everie weigh-hous regulated with brave and just orders , is of very great use to Merchants ; the seller to deliver his goods into the ballance , and the buyer to receiv it as soon as 't is weighed , the laborers about it to bee sworn , and well ordered , and other things here about would bee too large . 13 Let there bee as manie sworn Brokers ( who may not buy or sell anie thing for themselvs ) as will desire the office for accommodations of Merchants regulated with good Laws , and to bee put out of office upon anie fals dealing between man and man , and a rate set what they may take for brokerage of each commoditie , &c. let them have the office gratis , and let them have Officers to decide all Controversies between two Brokers , that concern's their office , and to maintein their own poor , if you will amongst themselvs , 〈◊〉 14 If a Court were 〈…〉 ed to assure all Merchants goods , from Pirates , and Enemies , and fully to paie for what ever is lost that waie ( yet everie man to bee left free , whether hee will insure or no ) yea if the same Court did also insure against dangers by storms , or what is otherwise lost at Sea also ; I conceiv the State , or Citie that stood the venture for so much in the hundred might make great profit thereby , and also further , and incourage Merchants to venture , of which much might bee said . 15 A verie great plague and hinderance of Merchants are Bankrupts ; and certainly Merchandise would bee much increased ; if the fear of Bankrupts were but in part remedied , which might bee by good Laws well executed ; as that , whosoever trust anie one man , with all , or more then hee is worth ; or venture so much in one or divers ships upon the Sea , or laie so much in one hous , and loos it by fire , and by anie of these means turn Bankrupt , shall bee so and so punished . 16 That they that know , ( or may know if they pleas ) they are behinde hand , and yet buy wares , or borrow monies of other men , ( under pretence of hope to get before hand again ) and yet plaie Bankrupts , bee also more punished then the former , especially , if upon examination it doth appear , they knew they must plaie Bankrupts , when they bought those wares , or borrowed that monie ; for then they differ not from thievs , onely in circumstance , and to bee the more punished , if when they had nothing , yet they wer● costly in apparel , and other expenses , and knew they spent of other men's , &c. 17 That they , who under pretence of able men , under color of Merchandise , get other men's goods into their hands , and yet , when they need not , bankrupt themselvs on purpose to deceiv others , and inrich themselvs , bee sorely punished , as verie great thievs . 18 That no Bankrupt may ever after com into anie office , or bear anie Rule in Church or State , &c. 19 That if the Bankrupt bee taken , and no friends will paie his debts , let him and his bee set to work as a thief , and what they can earn , over besides their own poor living , to bee given to the Creditors . These , or the like penalties well limited , and ordered , and executed , would prevent thousands of Bankrupts , which are like Cankers to the Common-wealth . And what with great and little Bankrupts , it is abundance that plaie Bankrupt everie year . No week passeth without som Bankrupt in great Cities , and som week divers ; and one Bankrupt doth more hurt then twentie thievs that are put to death , or sorely punished for it . BUt for London in particular , these things following would bee reformed , for the increas , eas , pleasure , and benefit of Merchants , and all other Inhabitants besides , and above manie of the former things , that London want's . 1. For landing of goods , &c. that a brave large Key bee made into the Thames , from London Bridg to Wappin , or lower , and above the Bridg also , that ships may lie there safe all the waie , to lade and unlade their goods with roomth and pleasure , and with much less charge then now ; and there may bee Pack-houses and Sellers made all along by the Keie , to the great eas and accommodation of Merchants , and of great pleasure to Merchants , Marriners , and all sorts of people , to have such a large brave Keye , of fortie or fiftie foot broad to walk upon , and dispatch their affairs at pleasure ; and all this may bee don without charge to anie . 2. That Thames-street , for a mile or two long , bee made as broad , or broader then anie street in London ; large , fair , and the houses light and pleasant ; the street to bee paved with ●●ch flat four-square stones , as in Holland , and high in the middest with the gutters on both sides , and bricks on both sides next the houses , as in Holland ; the profit , pleasure , and eas to the whole Inhabitants would bee verie great . The difficultie seem's to bee in pulling down , and new building of houses , or removing them on screws , as at Amsterdam : But things may bee so ordered , as the profit to bee made , by convenient building ; and the value , houses , and ground will bee at , by bettering the street and the Key , will fully countervail the charge of all this whole work ; though it should bee six , eight or ten years in doing , it might bee made one of the bravest places in the world , where one thousand or two thousand ships may lie with safetie all weathers &c. 3. The next thing som remedie must bee found for , is the Passage up hill from Thames-street to London ; for which Thames-street , it may bee , will permit to bee heightned a foot or two all along , which will much eas the passage upward ; and besides , right against anie street that goe's into the Citie , Thames-street may bee heightned six or eight foot , like a bridg ; and Thames-street on each side for a hundred foot or more , to go sloping downward by an easie descent ; and beeing against that place of ascent into the Citie rais'd eight foot , the ascent into the Citie will also fall easie by a small ascent ; and if anie inconvenience should bee found in this , there are other inventions to remedie this great inconvenience for transportation of goods , &c. which is of good concernment , besides the delight and cleanliness of this manner of accommodation . 4. But I would have no Carts used in the wole Citie ; for they are verie uneasie to lade , and unlade goods , and besides , do so pester the streets , as Merchants , and others cannot pass the streets for quick dispatch of their affairs , to their great hurt and loss , of half a quarter of an hour , and thereby an opportunitie is oft great loss to manie . Now for remedie ▪ let sleads bee onely used as at Amsterdam , that can draw an half , and a whole tun weight , as the hors is in strength : and besides the slead men alone ordinarily , can lade and unlade his slead , without other help , unless for verie heavie things hee desire 's to lend a hand of one or other that stand's by ; t is a neat waie , and of quick dispatch , &c. Som cours must also bee taken to lessen the number of Coaches , which too much pester the streets , and hinder men in passing too and fro : which may easily bee don . 5. Next wee com up into the Citie , where wee see most beastly durtie streets , the hurt of which is so great , as is strange ; and what a world of work is daily made by the durt and wet , in rotting of shoes and stockins , womens coats , fouling of houses , making clean of shoes , clothes , &c. as is strange and not possible for Merchants to live cleanly , and neatly , as in Holland without cleaner streets ; which may in a verie great measure bee helped by paving the streets , with brave slate four-square stones , the streets highest in the middest , gutters on each side next the houses , as in Holland , and bricks on each side next the houses , easie and clean for people to walk on , which , besides the great pleasure to all , would ten times paie the charge in saving shoes , stockins , &c. from wet and rotting , besides , all houses might bee kept more cleanly , and Merchants live more neatly , &c. 6. All wooden houses in London must down ; and not anie part bee of wood , onely windows and doors , as fast as they rot away : no reparations , or verie little to bee permitted , and no new houses to bee built , but with brick or stone , to prevent fire , for securitie of Merchants and others ; and it would make Merchants of other Countries the more willing to trust their goods in your Citie , when there is less danger of fire . 7. Also divers means must bee used for prevention of fire , more water must bee provided at hand by Pumps , bored into the ground fiftie , or one hundred foot , if water may bee so had by orders of Clappermen , going about all night , as in Holland : then a Captain , and officers of fire in everie Ward , to set good orders about quenching fire , also leather Buckets in everie hous , and in all publick places , and leathers at hand in everie ward alwaies readie , and divers the like things are needful . 8. As fast as the Citie is paved with new brave stones , to take the old stones and pave the high waies , everie waie out of the Citie , and to make the high waies so round and high in the midst , that they may bee clean Winter and Sommer , and to use all means , that all high waies may bee well mended and kept , which will bee great delight to Merchants and other Inbabitants , &c. 9. Also a large Keie may bee made on Southwark side , all along the lanes , and Rivers cut out of the Thames with Keies on both sides ; and Pack-houses built , where all cours commodities , as Pitch , Tar , Iron , Milstones , wood of all sorts , as Masts , Timber , Planks , Deals , spars , Clapboards , and manie others Commodities may bee brought , and there bee kept at small charge ; and landed out of the Ships , at the doors of the the Pack houses , as at Rotterdam , and other places , to the great accommodation of Merchants , and furtherance of merchandise ; and if these plain , and just Rules of God's word were observed ; there would bee no need of anie deceitful , base , and Machevilian courses , to keep a Common-wealth , in peace and obedience , as may bee seen in the Low-Countries , where no people have more libertie then they , nor paie such great taxations , nor so little state anie where used to preserv Autoritie ; and yet the people of so manie Nations , and Religions live in the greatest peace , and plentie of the world , meerly by good Justice , Mercie and Religion , and yet manie things com short , of what they ought ; and might bee . Postscript . Refer these to their proper places . Concerning PRINTING , which well used is a great honor , and benefit to the Common-wealth These things would bee considered . 1. THat PRINTING bee look't upon as a Mysterie , not as a common Trade for everie ignorant man to take up ; but to bee ordered by the State , as the Mint is for Coin. 2. That Printing-houses bee reduced to a certain number : as heretofore they have been : for the multiplying of them is a wrong to the Publick , and oftentimes the ruine of private men . 3. That all Popish and offensive Books , Libels , and loos Pamphlets may bee suppressed . 4. That no Books printed originally in England , may bee imported from beyond Seas into this Common-wealth : other States will not suffer it : and wee finde by experience that neither Autor , nor Printer , nor bookseller can bee incouraged , when the Book , assoon as it is out here , shall bee printed beyond Sea , where they have paper and printing at a cheaper rate , and hither imported , oftentimes to the ruine of the undertakers of a good work here . 5. That the right of everie man's Copie may bee preserved . Much wrong hath been don this waie by invading one another's right , in these licentious times . 6. That all Books fit for publick view may bee licensed , and nothing printed which shall not first bee allowed by som judicious men , in everie facultie , appointed by the State for that purpose . This would bee a means to suppress manie idle , and noxious d●scourses ; and a good warrant to the undertakers of solid and profitable Books . THat all Females from ten to sixtie might bee enjoined to spin , and have made into linnen cloath one pound of flax everie moneth , and registred in the Parish , where made ; and returned again to the owners , with incouragement to poor maids that do best . This would by computation , emploie two or three hundred thousand poor : for which a Model is readie . The business of the Fens need 's great incouragement to this end for Flax. That since the foundation of Families , Villages , Towns ; Cities , and Common-wealths spring from Marriage , and the business meerly civil , that the respective Magistrates in everie place might not onely do that work , which Preachers , quâ Preachers , have not to do with ; but also look to the qualifications of those that join in that estate : and that two or three such Magistrates together may hear , and determine matters tending to Divorce : for all which much is wanting in this Nation , and whole Families perishing upon that account ; and several sins increased . A Post set up in everie Parish , or at the Church door a Paper stuck up of the Pa●●ie's names to bee married , and there to stick three weeks or a moneth . That where fees of Physitians are stated , a cours may bee taken for reducing that work to sont certain Rule . That Bedlam may bee minded , the Armie diseased , and Hospitals . That superfluities may be supprest ; as Coaches , and guilding Coaches : to which purpose those that will ride in them may paie five or ten pounds per annum to the State : the like for Gold and Silver-lace , and Bone-lace from beyond Seas . Notes, typically marginal, from the original text Notes for div A90537-e660 Isa . 54. 17. Deut. 4. 5 , 6. 6-17 , 18 , 19. 7-12 , 13 , 14. 8. 18 , Josh . 1. 8. Psal . 119. 1 , 2. Deut. 15. 7. Mat. 5. 7. Prov. 14. 31. Prov. 20. 28. Deut. 16. 18 , 19 , 20. v. Prov. 16. 12. Acts 8. 4. Acts 17. 2. and ch . 19. v. 6. to 10. Acts 13. 3. and 14 , 15 , 16. v. 1 Cor. 14. 1. Acts ▪ 28. 16. to 31. v. Isa . 49. 23. Psal . 119. 5. to 16. v. &c. and 27. 32. 46. 52. Isa . 49. 23. Prov. 4. 8. 21. and v. 21. 1 Sam. 2. 30. Numb . 27. 20. Isa . 1. 17. Job 29. 12 , 13. Psal . 109. 10. Ezek. 16. 49. 2 Thes . 3. 10. 1 Thess 4. 11. 2 ▪ 3 10. 1 Tim. 5. 8. 1 Tim. 5. 8. Judg. 16. 21. Exod. 22. 22 , 23. v. Prov. 14. 21. and 31. v. Prov. 19. 17. and 29. 7. ch . 28. 27. and 22. 9. Luk. 19. 23. Levit. 19. 33 , 34. Deut. 10. 19. Exod. 23. 9. and 22-21 . Mat. 10. 29. Mar. 12. 42. Ezek. 22. 7. Deut. 10. 18. Isa . 1. 17. Jer. 5. 28. Prov. 21. 13. Mat. 18. 30. to 33. v. Prov. 14. 31. 1 Cor. 6. 5. Mat. 5. 9. Psal . 107. 10. Mat. 18. 30. Prov. 14. 31. Isa . 10. 2. Exod. 22. 22. Ezek. 22. 7. Isa . 5. 7. Prov. 14. 31. * Deut. 10. 18. Jeremie 5. 28. * Rom. 12. 1. Isa . 59. ch . 11. to 15. v. Acts 5. 34. to 39. v. Acts 9. 4 , 5. Jer. 39. 6. 9. Joh. 7. 51. Gen. 40. 15. Prov. 21. 3. Gen. 40. 15. Prov. 21. 7. Isa . 59. 14. 15. Jerem. 5. 28. Prov. 29. 4. Chap. 21. 7. Ch. 21. 3. Isa . 61. 8. Prov. 21. 3. Prov. 2. 2. 3. Eccle. 1. 13. Exod. 18. 21. Prov. 29. 2. Isa . 32. 6. Prov. 20. 8. Prov. 21. 15. Deut. 16. 19. 2 Chro. 25. 17. Isa . 10. 1 , 2. Isa . 59. 8. Prov. 21. 7. Psal . 34. 14. Matt. 5. 9. Prov. 12. 20. Exod. 18. 21 , 22 , 23. Deut. 1. 15. and 17. v. Deut. 16. 18. Exod. 8. 22 , 23. Deut. 1. 17. 1 Cor. 6. 5. Mat. 5. 9. Acts 23. 1. 35. ver . Acts 24. 10. Ier. 36. 4. Exod. 21. 24 , 25. Ex. 18. 18. 22. Deut. 1. 16. Prov. 21. 14. Iosh . 20. 4. Deut. 21. 2. Ezra 7. 26. Rom. 3. 10 , 11 , 12. Exod. 23. 8. Deut. 16. 19. Prov. 15. 27. Prov. 17. 8. 23. Deut. 17. 4. 29. 4. Exod. 20. 16. Prov. 19. 5. 9. Prov. 6. 19. Prov. 21. 8. Acts 12. 19. Ezra 10. 16. Acts 25. 26. Luke 23. 14. Ier. 8. 6. and 23. 18. Ioshua 20. 4. Numb . 35. 24. Deut. 21. 2. Deut. 1. 16. Deut. 1. 16. Prov. 21. 7. Deut. 35. 31 , 32. Prov. 12. 18. Deut. 35. 31 , 32 , 33. Deut. 1. 16 , 17. Prov. 24. 23. Prov. 20. 8. Ezek. 18. 20. Deut. 24. 16. 2 Kings 14. 6. * Prov. 16. 12. * Prov. 16. 12. † 1 Sam. 15. 11. 23. 1 King. 2. 4. 1 King. 3 9. * Prov. 16. 12. † 1 Sam. 15. 11. 23. 1 King. 2. 4. 1 King. 3 9. * Deut. 11. 22. to 25. and the whole ch . † Deut. 28. 2. to 13. and the whole chap. Rom. 13. 1. 4 2 Chro. 8. 3. 6. 2 Chro. 25. 5. & 9. ch . 25. v. and 32. 5 , 6. Exod. 18. 21. 2 King. 22. 7. 2 Chro. 8. 6. 2 Chro. 11 , 12. Ezek. 27. 11. Levit. 19. 13. Mai. 3. 5. Exod. 2. 9. Luke 3. 14. 2 Sam. 23. 8 , 9 , &c. Psal ▪ 125. 4. Prov. 23. 20. Prov. 28. 7. 1 Pet. 4. 4. 2 Pet. 2 , 13. Isa . 28. 1. Luke 2. 1. 2. Rom. 13. 6. 2 Chro. 10. 4. 18. Levit. 19. Mal. 3. 5. Exod. 18. 21. 2 King. 22. 7. 2 King. 12. 15. Prov. 16. 32. Nehemiah 5. 15. to 18. Prov. 21. 15. Luke 2. 1 , 2. 2 Kings 23. 25. 2 Chro. 24. 9. Deut. 16. 17. * 2 Chro. 10. 4. Prov. 10. 4. 15. Prov. 12. 24. Prov. 21 ▪ 5. Pr. 18. 9. Prov. 21. 25. Prov. 10. 4. Isa . 29. 11. Deut. 11. 10. 2 Chro. 24. 11 , 12. Ezek ▪ 27. 33. * Bacon's Advancement of Learning . Eccles . 7. 12. Prov. 24. 6. 1 Kings 4. 30 , 31. and 10. Ch. 8. Acts 7. 22. Dan. 1. 17. Prov. 1. 5. 7. John 7. 15. Job . 22. 2. Prov. 12. 18. Prov. 15. 7. Prov. 21 , 22. Prov. 22. 17. Prov. 13. 23. Deut. 9. 10. Bacon's natural Historie . Gen. 13. 10. Isa . 30. 25. and 32. 2. and 23. 3. Psal . 107. 35. Ioshua 15. 16. 2 Sam. 5. 8. Prov. 10. 4. Gen. 26. 12. Psal . 107. 37. Deut. 11. 10. Eccles . 10. 19. Prov. 22. 7. Eccles . 7. 12. Deut. 16. 10. 11. Prov. 10. 22. Deut. 26. 10. 11. Zech. 8. 10. 12. Gen. 4. 20 , 21 , 22. 1 Chro. 29. 5. 2 Chro. 24 , 11. 12. Eccles . 9. 10. 2 Sam. 5. 8. 15 Ioshua 16 , 17. 1 Kings 5. 6. 9 , 10. Eccles . 9 , 10. 1 King. 5. 9. Prov. 14. 31. Nehem. 5. 18. Prov. 22. 16. Eccles . 9. 10. Eccles . 9. 11. Isa . 23. 8. Ezek. 27. 33. 34. Levit. 26. 6. 1 Kings 4. 24 , 25. Ezek. 26. 11 , 12. Zech. 8. 10. Dan. 11. 30. 40. Ezek. 26. 15. 18. Ezek , 26. 10. 12. 1 King. 12. 4. Ezek. 27. 3. 9. Ezek. 27. 25. 27. 1 Cor. 6 ▪ 1. 5. Ezek. 27. 12. to 27. v. Luk. 19. 23. Eccles . 9. 10. The advantage by letting out monie is great , also selling and minting of monie . The advantage by lying one hundred years , and alwayes keeping the best kinde of monie , is unspeakeable in a manner . Ephes . 5. 17. Eccles . 9. 10. Gen. 23. 16. Luke 20. 24. Prov. 30. 8. Levit. 19. 36. Prov. 11. 1. Levit. 19. 13. Gen. 29. 15. Acts 27. 10. and 38. 40. 2 Chro. 20. 37. 2 Kings 4. 1. and 7. v. Mat. 18. 25. and 30. v. Luke 16. 1. Mat. 25. 21. 23. and 28. 29. v. 2 Kings 4. 1. Mat. 18. 25. 34. Ezek. 27. 25. and 2● . 27. Nehem. 7. 4.