Maxims of state written by Sir Walter Raleigh ; whereunto is added his Instructions to his sonne, and The son's advice to his aged father.
         Prince
         Raleigh, Walter, Sir, 1552?-1618.
      
       
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             Maxims of state written by Sir Walter Raleigh ; whereunto is added his Instructions to his sonne, and The son's advice to his aged father.
             Prince
             Raleigh, Walter, Sir, 1552?-1618.
          
           [9], 78 p. : port.
           
             Printed by W. Bentley, and are to be sold by W. Shears ...,
             London :
             1650.
          
           
             First published in 1642 as: The prince, or, Maxims of state.
             Reproduction of original in British Library.
             Imperfect: filmed copy lacks all after "Maxims".
          
        
      
    
     
       
         eng
      
       
         
           Political science -- Early works to 1800.
           Political science -- Quotations, maxims, etc.
        
      
    
       A57483  R9131  (Wing R174).  civilwar no Maxims of state. Written by Sir Walter Raleigh. Whereunto is added his Instructions to his sonne; and the son's advice to his aged father. Raleigh, Walter, Sir 1650    15784 333 5 0 0 0 0 214 F  The  rate of 214 defects per 10,000 words puts this text in the F category of texts with  100 or more defects per 10,000 words. 
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               Sr.
               Walter
               Ralegh
               Kt.
               
            
          
        
      
       
       
         
           MAXIMS
           OF
           STATE
           .
        
         
           Written
           by
           Sir
           
             WALTER
             RALEIGH
             .
          
        
         
           Whereunto
           is
           added
           His
           
             Instructions
          
           to
           his
           SONNE
           ;
           AND
           The
           Son's
           
             ADVICE
          
           to
           his
           Aged
           Father
           .
        
         
           
             LONDON
             ,
          
           Printed
           by
           
             W.
             Bentley
             ,
          
           and
           are
           to
           be
           sold
           by
           
             W.
             Shears
             ,
          
           at
           the
           sign
           of
           the
           
             Bible
             ,
          
           over
           against
           the
           North
           door
           of
           
             Pauls
             .
          
           1650.
           
        
      
       
       
       
         
           THE
           CONTENTS
           .
        
         
           
           
             
               Page
               .
            
          
           
             OF
             Government
             .
          
           
             
               1
            
          
           
             Of
             Policie
             .
          
           
             
               2
            
          
           
             Of
             Monarchie
             .
          
           
             
               3
            
          
           
             Of
             Aristocracie
             ,
             or
             Senatory
             State
             .
          
           
             
               5
            
          
           
             Of
             Free
             State
             ,
             or
             Popular
             State
             .
          
           
             
               6
            
          
           
             Of
             ●yranny
             .
          
           
             
               7
            
          
           
             Of
             Olygarchie
             ,
             or
             the
             Government
             of
             a
             few
             .
          
           
             
               ibid.
            
          
           
             Of
             a
             Common-wealth
             .
          
           
             
               8
            
          
           
             Of
             causes
             of
             States
             ,
             and
             Common-wealths
             
             in
             general
             .
          
           
             
               10
            
          
           
             Of
             founding
             a
             State
             .
          
           
             
               ibid.
            
          
           
             Of
             Causes
             preserving
             a
             State
             or
             Common-wealth
             .
          
           
             
               15
            
          
           
             Of
             Mysteries
             or
             Sophisms
             .
          
           
             
               ibid.
            
          
           
             Of
             Axioms
             or
             Rules
             of
             preserving
             a
             State
             .
          
           
             
               19
            
          
           
             Rules
             for
             preserving
             of
             a
             kingdom
             .
             
               Hereditary
               .
            
          
           
             
               25
            
          
           
             Rules
             for
             preserving
             of
             a
             kingdom
             .
             
               Conquered
               .
            
          
           
             
               25
            
          
           
             Kingdoms
             hereditary
             are
             preserved
             at
             home
             by
             the
             ordering
             of
             a
             Prince
             .
          
           
             
               ibid.
            
          
           
             Kingdoms
             new
             gotten
             ,
             or
             purchased
             by
             force
             ,
             are
             preserved
             by
             
               10.
               
            
             Rules
             .
          
           
             
               35
            
          
           
             Rules
             politick
             of
             Tyrants
             .
          
           
             
               41
            
          
           
             Sophisms
             of
             a
             barbarous
             and
             professed
             tyranny
             .
          
           
             
               42
            
          
           
             Sophisms
             of
             the
             sophistical
             ,
             or
             
             subtile
             Tyrant
             ,
             to
             hold
             up
             his
             State
             .
          
           
             
               46
            
          
           
             Of
             preservation
             of
             an
             Aristocracie
             .
          
           
             
               52
            
          
           
             Of
             preservation
             of
             an
             Olygarchie
             ,
             by
             
               Sophisms
               .
            
          
           
             ibid
          
           
             Of
             preservation
             of
             an
             Olygarchie
             ,
             by
             
               Rules
               .
            
          
           
             ibid
          
           
             Of
             Conversion
             of
             States
             in
             general
             .
          
           
             
               59
            
          
           
             Causes
             of
             conversions
             of
             States
             are
             of
             two
             sorts
             :
             General
             and
             Particular
             .
          
           
             
               ibid.
            
          
           
             Particular
             causes
             of
             Conversion
             of
             State
             ,
             are
             of
             two
             sorts
             .
          
           
             
               60
            
          
           
             Of
             sedition
             .
          
           
             
               61
            
          
           
             Causes
             of
             sedition
             are
             of
             two
             sorts
             .
          
           
             
               ibid.
            
          
           
             Of
             alteration
             without
             violence
             .
          
           
             
               64
            
          
           
             A
             Method
             ,
             how
             to
             make
             use
             of
             
             the
             Book
             before●
             in
             the
             reading
             of
             the
             storie
             .
          
           
             
               67
            
          
           
             Old
             age
             is
             not
             ever
             unfit
             for
             publick
             Government
             .
          
           
             
               ibid.
            
          
           
             Example
             of
             the
             like
             practice
             in
             
               Charls
            
             the
             Fifth
             .
          
           
             
               68
            
          
           
             Of
             observation
             for
             the
             Affirmative
             and
             the
             Negative
             .
          
           
             
               ibid.
            
          
           
             Of
             defence
             for
             
               David
            
             in
             marrying
             
               Abishag
               .
            
          
           
             
               70
            
          
        
         
           
             Political
             Nobility
             .
          
           
             Of
             
               Adoniah
            
             aspiring
             to
             the
             Kingdom
             .
          
           
             
               71
            
          
        
         
           
             Observations
             .
          
           
             Of
             ways
             of
             such
             as
             aspire
             to
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             and
             marks
             to
             discern
             them
             .
          
           
             
               73
            
          
           
             Political
             Prince
             .
          
           
             
               75
            
          
        
      
       
       
         
           THE
           TABLE
           Of
           the
           Chapters
           contained
           in
           Sir
           
             Walter
             Raleigh's
          
           INSTRUCTIONS
           to
           his
           SON
           .
        
         
           
             CHAP.
             
          
           
             
               Page
               .
            
          
           
             VIrtuous
             persons
             to
             be
             made
             choice
             of
             for
             friends
             .
          
           
             
               1
            
          
           
             
               I.
            
             Great
             care
             to
             be
             had
             in
             the
             choosing
             of
             a
             Wife
             .
          
           
             
               4
            
          
           
             
               II.
            
             Wisest
             men
             have
             been
             abused
             by
             flatterers
             .
          
           
             
               10
            
          
           
             
               ●V
               .
            
             Private
             Quarrels
             to
             be
             avoided
             .
          
           
             
               11
            
          
           
             
               ●
               .
            
             Three
             Rules
             to
             be
             observed
             for
             the
             preservation
             of
             a
             
             mans
             estate
             .
          
           
             
               17
            
          
           
             
               VI
               .
            
             What
             sort
             of
             servant●
             are
             most
             fit
             to
             be
             entertained
             .
          
           
             
               20
            
          
           
             
               VII
               .
            
             Brave
             rags
             wear
             soonest
             out
             of
             fashion
             .
          
           
             
               2●
            
          
           
             
               VIII
               .
            
             Riches
             not
             to
             be
             sough●
             by
             evil
             means
             .
          
           
             
               ibid●
            
          
           
             
               IX
               .
            
             What
             Inconvenience
             happen
             to
             such
             as
             deligh●
             in
             Wine
             .
          
           
             
               2●
            
          
           
             
               X.
            
             Let
             God
             be
             thy
             Protectour
             and
             Directour
             in
             all
             the
             Actions
             .
          
           
             
               2●
            
          
        
      
    
     
       
       
         
           MAXIMS
           OF
           STATE
           .
        
         
           
             OF
             GOVERNMENT
             .
          
           
             GOVERNMENT
             is
             of
             two
             sorts
             .
             1.
             
             
               Private
               ,
            
             of
             himself
             .
             
               Sobrietie
               .
            
             Of
             his
             Family
             ;
             called
             
               O●●onomie
               .
            
             2.
             
             
               Publick
               ,
            
             of
             the
             Common-wealth
             ;
             called
             
               Poli●ie
               .
            
             A
             man
             must
             first
             Govern
             himself
             ,
             e're
             he
             be
             fit
             to
             govern
             a
             Family
             :
             And
             his
             Family
             ,
             e're
             he
             be
             fit
             to
             bear
             the
             Government
             in
             the
             Common-wealth
             .
          
        
         
         
           
             Of
             Policie
             .
          
           
             
               POlicie
            
             is
             an
             Art
             of
             Government
             of
             a
             Common-wealth
             ,
             and
             some
             part
             of
             it
             according
             to
             that
             State
             ,
             or
             form
             of
             Government
             wherein
             it
             is
             setled
             for
             the
             publick
             good
             .
          
           
             
               State
               ,
            
             is
             the
             frame
             or
             set
             order
             of
             a
             Common-wealth
             ,
             or
             of
             the
             Governours
             that
             rule
             the
             same
             ,
             specially
             of
             the
             chief
             and
             Sovereign
             Governour
             that
             commandeth
             the
             rest
             .
          
           
             The
             State
             or
             Sovereignty
             consisteth
             in
             5.
             points
             .
          
           
             
               1.
               
               Making
               or
               anulling
               of
               Laws
               .
            
             
               2.
               
               Creating
               and
               disposing
               of
               Magistrates
               .
            
             
               3.
               
               Power
               over
               life
               and
               death
               .
            
             
               4.
               
               Making
               of
               War
               ,
               or
               Peace
               .
            
             
               5.
               
               Highest
               o●
               last
               appeal
               .
            
          
           
             Where
             these
             five
             are
             ,
             either
             in
             one
             or
             in
             more
             ,
             there
             is
             the
             State
             .
          
           
             These
             five
             points
             of
             State
             ,
             rest
             either
             in
             ,
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 One
                 
                   Monarchie
                
                 or
                 Kingdom
                 .
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 Some
                 few
                 chief
                 men
                 for
                 virtue
                 and
                 wisdom
                 ,
                 called
                 an
                 
                   Aristocracie
                   .
                
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 Many
                 ,
                 called
                 a
                 
                   Fr●e-State
                   ,
                
                 or
                 
                   Popular
                   State
                   .
                
              
            
          
           
             These
             three
             sorts
             of
             Government
             
             have
             respect
             to
             the
             common
             good
             ,
             and
             therefore
             are
             just
             ,
             and
             lawful
             
               States
               .
            
          
           
             These
             3.
             degenerate
             into
             3.
             other
             Governments
             .
             
               viz.
               
            
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 
                   Monarchie
                   ,
                
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 
                   Aristo●racie
                   ,
                
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 
                   Popular
                   Est●t
                   ,
                
              
            
             into
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 
                   Tyrannie
                   .
                
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 
                   Oligarchie
                   .
                
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 
                   Common-wealth
                
                 o●
                 Government
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 common
                 and
                 baser
                 sort
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 called
                 a
                 
                   Common-wealth
                
                 by
                 an
                 usurped
                 
                   Nick-name
                   .
                
              
            
          
           
             These
             all
             respect
             their
             own
             ,
             and
             not
             the
             publick
             good
             ,
             and
             therefore
             are
             ●ailed
             Bastard
             
               Governments
               .
            
          
           
             
               I.
               Monarchie
               .
            
             
               A
               
                 Monarchie
                 ,
              
               or
               Kingdom
               ,
               is
               the
               
                 Government
              
               of
               a
               
                 State
              
               by
               one
               Head
               ,
               or
               chief
               ,
               tending
               to
               the
               common
               benefit
               of
               all
               .
            
             
             
               
                 Monarchie
                 ,
              
               or
               
                 Kingdoms
                 ,
              
               are
               of
               three
               sorts
               touching
               the
               right
               ,
               or
               possession
               of
               them
               ;
               
                 viz.
                 
              
            
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 
                   Hereditarie
                   ,
                
                 by
                 de●cent
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 
                   English
                   ,
                   French
                   ,
                
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 
                   Elective
                   ,
                
                 by
                 suffrage
                 of
                 the
                 other
                 
                   Orders
                   ,
                
                 or
                 some
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 
                   Polonian
                   .
                
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 
                   Mixt
                   ,
                
                 or
                 of
                 both
                 kinds
                 ;
                 
                   viz.
                
                 by
                 Descent
                 ,
                 yet
                 not
                 tyed
                 to
                 the
                 next
                 of
                 bloud
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 ancient
                 
                   Iewish
                   State
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 Monarchies
              
               are
               of
               two
               sorts
               touching
               their
               power
               or
               authority
               ;
               
                 viz.
                 
              
            
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 
                   Intire
                   .
                
                 Where
                 the
                 whole
                 power
                 of
                 ordering
                 all
                 
                   State
                
                 matters
                 ,
                 both
                 in
                 peace
                 and
                 war
                 ,
                 doth
                 by
                 law
                 and
                 custom
                 appertain
                 to
                 the
                 Prince
                 ,
                 as
                 in
                 the
                 
                   English
                
                 Kingdom
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Prince
                 hath
                 power
                 to
                 make
                 Laws
                 ,
                 League
                 ,
                 and
                 W●r
                 ;
                 To
                 create
                 Magistrates
                 ;
                 to
                 pardon
                 life
                 :
                 Of
                 appeal
                 ,
                 
                   &c.
                   
                
                 Though
                 to
                 give
                 a
                 contentment
                 to
                 the
                 other
                 degrees
                 ,
                 they
                 have
                 a
                 suffrage
                 in
                 making
                 Laws
                 ,
                 yet
                 ever
                 subject
                 to
                 the
                 Princes
                 pleasure
                 ,
                 nor
                 Negative
                 will
                 .
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 
                   Limit●d
                
                 or
                 
                   restrained
                   ,
                
                 that
                 hath
                 no
                 full
                 power
                 in
                 all
                 the
                 points
                 o●
                 matters
                 of
                 State
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Military
                 King
                 that
                 hath
                 not
                 the
                 Sovereignty
                 in
                 time
                 of
                 peace
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 making
                 of
                 Laws
                 ,
                 
                   &c.
                   
                
                 But
                 in
                 War
                 onely
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 
                   Polonian
                
                 Kings
                 .
              
            
          
           
           
             
               II.
               Aristocracie
               ,
               or
               Senatorie
               State
               .
            
             
               AN
               
                 Aristocracie
              
               is
               the
               Government
               of
               a
               Common-wealth
               by
               some
               competent
               number
               of
               the
               better
               sort
               ,
               preferred
               for
               wisdom
               and
               other
               virtues
               for
               the
               publick
               good
               .
            
             
               
                 Aristocracies
              
               are
               of
               three
               sorts
               ,
               
                 viz.
              
               Where
               the
               
                 Senatours
              
               are
               chosen
               ,
               for
               
                 
                   1.
                   
                   
                     Virtue
                     ,
                     Riches
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   the
                   Common
                   good
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   
                     Venetian
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   2.
                   
                   
                     Virtue
                  
                   and
                   the
                   publick
                   good
                   without
                   respect
                   of
                   wealth
                   ,
                   as
                   sometimes
                   the
                   
                     Roman
                     ,
                  
                   when
                   some
                   of
                   the
                   
                     Senatours
                  
                   were
                   fetched
                   from
                   the
                   plough
                   ,
                   and
                   some
                   from
                   the
                   Schools
                   .
                
                 
                   3.
                   
                   
                     Virtue
                  
                   and
                   wealth
                   ,
                   more
                   respecting
                   their
                   private
                   ,
                   than
                   their
                   publick
                   good
                   ,
                   which
                   inclineth
                   towards
                   an
                   
                     Oligarchie
                     ,
                  
                   or
                   the
                   Government
                   of
                   the
                   Richer
                   or
                   nobler
                   sort
                   ,
                   as
                   in
                   
                     Rome
                  
                   towards
                   the
                   end
                   .
                
              
            
          
           
           
             
               III.
               Free-State
               ,
               or
               Popular
               Sta●e
               .
            
             
               THe
               
                 Popular
                 State
              
               is
               the
               Government
               of
               a
               
                 State
              
               by
               the
               choiser
               sort
               of
               people
               ,
               tending
               to
               the
               publick
               good
               of
               all
               sorts
               ;
               
                 viz.
              
               with
               due
               respect
               of
               the
               better
               ,
               nobler
               ,
               and
               richer
               sort
               .
            
             
               In
               every
               
                 Iust
                 State
                 ,
              
               some
               part
               of
               the
               Government
               is
               ,
               or
               ought
               to
               be
               imparted
               to
               the
               People
               ;
               As
               in
               a
               Kingdom
               ,
               a
               voice
               or
               suffrage
               in
               making
               Lawes
               ;
               and
               sometimes
               also
               ,
               in
               levying
               of
               Arms
               (
               if
               the
               charge
               be
               great
               ,
               and
               the
               Prince
               forced
               to
               borrow
               help
               of
               his
               Subjects
               )
               the
               matter
               rightly
               may
               be
               propounded
               to
               a
               Parliament
               ,
               that
               the
               tax
               may
               seem
               to
               have
               proceeded
               from
               themselves
               .
               So
               consultations
               ,
               and
               some
               proceedings
               in
               Judicial
               matters
               ,
               may
               in
               part
               be
               referred
               to
               them
               .
               The
               reason
               ,
               least
               seeing
               themselves
               to
               be
               in
               no
               number
               ,
               nor
               of
               reckoning
               ,
               they
               mislike
               the
               state
               ,
               or
               kind
               of
               Government
               :
               And
               where
               the
               multitude
               is
               discontented
               ,
               there
               must
               needs
               be
               many
               enemies
               to
               the
               present
               
                 State
                 .
              
               For
               which
               cause
               ,
               Tyrants
               ,
               
               (
               which
               allow
               the
               people
               ,
               no
               manner
               of
               dealing
               in
               
                 State
              
               matters
               )
               are
               forced
               to
               bereave
               them
               of
               their
               wits
               and
               weapons
               ,
               and
               all
               other
               means
               whereby
               they
               may
               resist
               ,
               or
               amend
               themselves
               ,
               as
               in
               
                 A●shland
                 ,
                 ●urk●y
                 ,
              
               &c.
               
            
          
           
             
               IV.
               Tyranny
               .
            
             
               A
               
                 Tyranny
              
               is
               the
               swerving
               ,
               or
               distort●g
               of
               a
               
                 Monarc●ie
                 ,
              
               or
               the
               
                 Governm●●●
              
               of
               one
               ,
               tending
               not
               to
               the
               publick
               good
               ,
               but
               the
               private
               benefit
               of
               himself
               ,
               and
               his
               followers
               .
               As
               in
               the
               
                 Russe
              
               and
               
                 Turkish
                 Government
                 ,
              
               where
               the
               
                 State
              
               and
               
                 Wealth
              
               of
               other
               o●●ers
               ,
               are
               employed
               onely
               to
               the
               upholding
               of
               the
               greatness
               of
               the
               King
               or
               Emperour
               .
               This
               is
               the
               worst
               of
               all
               the
               Basta●d
               
                 States
                 ,
              
               because
               it
               is
               the
               perverting
               of
               the
               best
               Regiment
               ,
               to
               wit
               ,
               of
               a
               
                 Monarchie
                 ,
              
               which
               resembleth
               the
               Sovereign
               Government
               of
               God
               himself
               .
            
          
           
             
               V.
               Oligarchie
               ,
               or
               the
               Government
               of
               a
               few
               .
            
             
               AN
               
                 Oligarchie
              
               is
               the
               swerving
               ,
               or
               the
               corruption
               of
               an
               
                 Aristocracie
              
               ;
               
               or
               the
               
                 Gov●●nment
              
               of
               some
               few
               ,
               that
               are
               of
               the
               Wealthier
               or
               Nobler
               sort
               ,
               without
               a●y
               respect
               of
               the
               publick
               good
               .
               The
               chief
               end
               of
               these
               
                 Gover●●●●s
                 ,
              
               is
               ,
               their
               own
               greatness
               and
               enriching
               .
               And
               therefore
               their
               manner
               is
               ,
               to
               prepare
               fi●
               mean●
               to
               uphold
               their
               Esta●es
               .
               This
               
                 St●te
              
               is
               not
               wholly
               so
               bad
               ,
               as
               is
               the
               
                 Tyrannie
                 ,
              
               and
               yet
               worse
               than
               the
               
                 Commo●-wealth
                 ,
              
               because
               it
               respecteth
               the
               good
               of
               a
               few
               .
            
          
           
             
               VI
               .
               Common-wealth
               .
            
             
               A
               
                 Common-wealth
              
               is
               the
               swerving
               or
               depravation
               of
               a
               
                 F●ee
                 ,
                 or
                 popular
                 State
                 ,
              
               or
               the
               Government
               of
               the
               whole
               multitude
               of
               the
               base
               and
               poorer
               sort
               ,
               without
               respect
               of
               the
               other
               Orders
               .
            
             
               These
               two
               
                 States
                 ,
              
               to
               wit
               ;
               
                 The
                 Olig●●chie
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Common-wealth
                 ,
              
               are
               very
               adve●se
               the
               one
               to
               the
               other
               ,
               and
               have
               many
               b●ckerings
               between
               them
               .
               For
               that
               the
               richer
               or
               nobler
               sort
               ,
               suppose
               a
               right
               or
               superiority
               to
               appertain
               unto
               them
               in
               every
               respect
               ,
               because
               they
               are
               superiour
               ,
               but
               in
               some
               re●pects
               onely
               ,
               to
               wit
               ,
               in
               Riches
               ,
               Birth
               ,
               Parentage
               ,
               
                 &c.
                 
              
               On
               the
               other
               side
               ,
               the
               
                 Common-people
              
               suppose
               ,
               there
               ought
               to
               be
               an
               
               equality
               in
               all
               other
               things
               ,
               and
               some
               
                 State
                 matters
              
               ;
               because
               they
               are
               equal●
               with
               the
               Rich
               or
               Noble
               ,
               touching
               their
               
                 Lib●●tie
                 ,
              
               whereas
               indeed
               neither
               the
               one
               nor
               the
               other
               are
               simply
               equal
               or
               superiour
               ,
               as
               touching
               
                 Government
              
               and
               fitness
               thereunto
               ,
               because
               they
               are
               such
               ,
               to
               wit
               ,
               because
               they
               are
               Rich
               ,
               Noble
               ,
               Free
               ,
               
                 &c.
                 
              
               But
               because
               they
               are
               
                 Wise
                 ,
                 Virtuous
                 ,
                 Valiant
                 ,
              
               &c.
               and
               so
               have
               fit
               parts
               to
               
                 Govern
                 a
                 State
                 .
              
            
             
               These
               several
               
                 States
              
               are
               sometimes
               mixed
               ,
               and
               inter
               wrought
               one
               with
               the
               other
               ,
               yet
               ever
               so
               ,
               as
               that
               the
               one
               hath
               the
               preheminent
               predomination
               over
               the
               other
               ,
               as
               in
               the
               humours
               and
               complexions
               of
               the
               body
               .
               So
               in
               the
               
                 Rom●n
                 State
                 ,
              
               the
               people
               had
               their
               
                 Plehis●●ta
                 ,
              
               and
               gave
               the
               suffrage
               in
               the
               election
               of
               Magistrates
               :
               Yet
               the
               
                 Senate
              
               (
               as
               the
               
                 State
              
               stood
               )
               for
               the
               most
               part
               swayed
               the
               
                 State
                 ,
              
               and
               bare
               the
               chief
               rule
               .
               So
               in
               the
               
                 Ven●tian
                 State
                 ,
              
               the
               Duke
               seemeth
               to
               represe●●
               a
               
                 Mon●rch
                 ,
              
               and
               the
               
                 S●nate
              
               to
               be
               his
               Counc●l
               :
               Yet
               the
               Duke
               hath
               no
               power
               in
               
                 State
                 matt●rs
                 ,
              
               but
               is
               like
               a
               head
               set
               on
               by
               art
               ,
               that
               heareth
               no
               brain
               .
               And
               so
               that
               
                 State
              
               is
               
                 S●natorical
                 or
                 Aristocratical
                 .
              
            
          
        
         
         
           
             Causes
             of
             States
             &
             Common-wealths
             in
             general
             .
          
           
             Causes
             of
             
               States
            
             or
             of
             
               Commō-wealths
            
             are
             of
             3.
             sorts
             ,
             
               viz.
               
            
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 
                   Founding
                   ,
                
                 or
                 setling
                 a
                 
                   State
                
                 where
                 to
                 be
                 considered
                 .
                 
                   
                     1.
                     
                     
                       Measure
                       .
                    
                  
                   
                     2.
                     
                     
                       Parts
                       ,
                    
                     &
                     their
                     
                       Qualities
                       .
                    
                  
                
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 
                   Preserving
                
                 a
                 
                   State
                   .
                
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 
                   Changing
                   ,
                
                 and
                 
                   altering
                
                 a
                 
                   State
                   .
                
              
            
          
           
             
               Founding
               a
               State
               .
            
             
               In
               
                 founding
              
               a
               
                 State
              
               are
               to
               be
               considered
               2.
               things
               .
            
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 
                   Proportion
                   .
                
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 
                   Parts
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 PRoportion
                 ,
              
               is
               a
               Just
               Measure
               or
               
                 Mediocritie
              
               of
               the
               
                 State
                 ,
              
               whereby
               it
               is
               framed
               and
               kept
               in
               that
               Order
               ,
               as
               that
               neither
               it
               exceed
               nor
               be
               defective
               in
               his
               kind
               ,
               to
               wit
               ,
               so
               that
               a
               Monarch
               b●
               not
               too
               Monarchical
               ,
               nor
               strict
               ,
               or
               absolute
               ,
               as
               the
               
                 ●usse
              
               Kings
               ;
               nor
               
                 Aristocratical
                 ,
              
               that
               is
               over-mated
               or
               eclipsed
               by
               the
               Nobility
               ,
               as
               the
               
                 Scottish
              
               Kingdom
               ,
               but
               ever
               respective
               to
               the
               other
               degrees
               .
               That
               
                 Aristocratie
              
               be
               not
               to
               magnificent
               nor
               intire
               to
               it self
               ,
               but
               communicate
               
               with
               the
               people
               some
               commodities
               of
               
                 State
              
               or
               
                 Government
                 ,
              
               as
               the
               
                 V●netian
                 ,
              
               and
               sometimes
               the
               
                 Roman
              
               allowed
               the
               people
               to
               elect
               certain
               Magistrates
               out
               of
               themselves
               ,
               to
               have
               a
               Tribune
               ,
               to
               make
               
                 Plebiscita
                 ,
              
               &c.
               
               So
               a
               
                 Free-State
                 or
                 Common-wealth
              
               that
               it
               be
               not
               over
               popular
               ,
               
                 viz.
              
               That
               it
               depress
               not
               to
               much
               the
               richer
               ,
               wiser
               ,
               nor
               learneder
               sort
               ;
               but
               admit
               them
               to
               offices
               with
               a
               
                 Caution
              
               out
               of
               the
               rules
               and
               mysteries
               of
               that
               
                 State
                 .
              
               That
               they
               seek
               no
               alteration
               of
               the
               present
               
                 State
                 .
              
               The
               reason
               ,
               because
               the
               
                 moderate
                 States
              
               in
               their
               several
               kinds
               (
               as
               all
               other
               things
               that
               observe
               the
               mean
               )
               are
               best
               framed
               for
               their
               continuance
               ,
               because
               they
               give
               less
               cause
               of
               grudge
               ,
               envy
               ,
               and
               affecting
               the
               
                 Wealth
                 ,
                 Honour
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Libertie
              
               which
               they
               see
               in
               others
               that
               
                 govern
              
               the
               
                 State
              
               ;
               And
               so
               are
               less
               subject
               to
               stirs
               and
               commotions
               ,
               and
               easiest
               kept
               in
               their
               present
               
                 State
              
               wherein
               they
               are
               set
               .
            
          
           
             
               Parts
               .
            
             
               THe
               
                 Parts
                 of
                 the
                 State
                 ,
              
               or
               those
               
                 Magistrates
              
               that
               bear
               place
               or
               sway
               in
               the
               publick
               
                 Government
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Parts
              
               or
               
                 Partakers
              
               of
               
                 Publick
                 Government
                 ,
              
               are
               
               
                 
                   1.
                   
                   
                     Councel
                  
                   or
                   
                     Senate
                     ,
                  
                   which
                   consul●eth
                   of
                   all
                   matters
                   pertaining
                   to
                   War
                   and
                   Peace
                   ,
                   Magistrates
                   ,
                   
                     &c.
                  
                   in
                   admitting
                   of
                   whom
                   there
                   ought
                   to
                   be
                   a
                   more
                   special
                   care
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   may
                   be
                   men
                   expert
                   in
                   
                     matter
                     of
                     Policie
                     ,
                  
                   because
                   it
                   is
                   their
                   
                     Trade
                  
                   and
                   
                     Vocation
                     ,
                  
                   as
                   men
                   use
                   to
                   chuse
                   Pilots
                   ,
                   and
                   Masters
                   of
                   Ships
                   ,
                   such
                   as
                   know
                   the
                   Art
                   of
                   
                     Navigation
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   not
                   Husband-men
                   ,
                   
                     &c.
                     
                  
                   And
                   so
                   the
                   contrary
                   .
                
                 
                   2.
                   
                   
                     Magistrates
                  
                   and
                   
                     Officers
                     ,
                  
                   which
                   are
                   to
                   be
                   executioners
                   of
                   that
                   which
                   is
                   consulted
                   ,
                   and
                   found
                   to
                   be
                   expedient
                   for
                   the
                   
                     Common-vvealth
                     ,
                  
                   wherein
                   are
                   to
                   be
                   observed
                   ,
                   the
                   kinds
                   of
                   Magistrates
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   be
                   such
                   as
                   fit
                   that
                   kind
                   of
                   
                     Government
                  
                   ;
                   The
                   time
                   of
                   their
                   continuance
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   manner
                   of
                   their
                   election
                   or
                   appointing
                   ,
                   by
                   whom
                   ,
                   out
                   of
                   whom
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   what
                   manner
                   they
                   be
                   chosen
                   .
                
                 
                   3.
                   
                   
                     Iudges
                  
                   ;
                   To
                   determine
                   in
                   
                     Civil
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   
                     Criminal
                     matters
                     ,
                  
                   where
                   are
                   to
                   be
                   observed
                   ,
                   out
                   of
                   whom
                   they
                   are
                   to
                   be
                   chosen
                   ;
                   what
                   kinds
                   are
                   necessary
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   manner
                   o●Iudgement
                   
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   
                     Iudicial
                  
                   proceeding
                   .
                
              
            
             
             
               In
               
                 Magistrates
              
               are
               to
               be
               observed
               .
            
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 
                   Kinds
                
                 of
                 
                   Magistrats
                
                 as
                 ,
              
               
                 
                   1.
                   
                     Civil
                  
                
                 
                   1.
                   
                   
                     Superiour
                     ,
                  
                   which
                   are
                   to
                   be
                   such
                   &
                   of
                   that
                   kind
                   as
                   agree
                   with
                   the
                   
                     State
                     ,
                  
                   as
                   
                     Consuls
                  
                   for
                   a
                   year
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   perpetual
                   
                     Dictatours
                     in
                     a
                     Senatorie
                     State
                     .
                     Praetors
                     ,
                  
                   &
                   
                     Censors
                     ,
                  
                   that
                   oversee
                   manners
                   &
                   orders
                   of
                   the
                   people
                   .
                
                 
                   For
                   a
                   Kingdom
                   
                     Lieutenant
                  
                   of
                   Shires
                   ,
                   
                     Marshals
                     ,
                     Masters
                     of
                     Horse
                     ,
                     Admirals
                     ,
                  
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   
                     Inferiour
                     ,
                     as
                     conservatous
                     of
                     Peace
                     ,
                     Constables
                     ,
                  
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   
                     Overseers
                  
                   of
                   youth
                   ,
                   that
                   take
                   care
                   for
                   their
                   education
                   for
                   civil
                   &
                   warlike
                   exercise
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   
                     Clarks
                  
                   of
                   the
                   Market
                   that
                   provide
                   for
                   the
                   quantity
                   ,
                   and
                   price
                   of
                   victual
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Ediles
                  
                   for
                   Buildings
                   ,
                   Streets
                   ,
                   Bounds
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Questours
                     ,
                  
                   or
                   
                     Treasurers
                     ,
                  
                   to
                   keep
                   and
                   dispence
                   the
                   publick
                   Treasury
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     A●●uaries
                     ,
                  
                   or
                   
                     Reco●ders
                     ,
                  
                   which
                   keep
                   the
                   publick
                   
                     Records
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ga●l●rs
                     ,
                  
                   to
                   keep
                   
                     prisons
                  
                   and
                   
                     Prisoners
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Surveyours
                  
                   of
                   woods
                   and
                   fields
                   ,
                   
                     &c.
                     
                  
                
              
               
                 
                   2.
                   
                   
                     Ecclesiastical
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   1.
                   
                   As
                   
                     Bishops
                  
                   or
                   
                     Pastours
                     ,
                     Elders
                     ,
                     Wardens
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   2.
                   
                   
                     Time
                     of
                     Magistrates
                     ,
                  
                   whereof
                   some
                   are
                   perpetual
                   ,
                   some
                   for
                   a
                   time
                   ,
                   
                     viz.
                  
                   for
                   more
                   years
                   ,
                   a
                   year
                   ,
                   half
                   a
                   year
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   necessity
                   of
                   the
                   
                     Common-wealth
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   not
                   perpetual
                   ;
                   or
                   at
                   least
                   not
                   
                     Hereditary
                  
                   in
                   a
                   Kingdom
                   .
                   Yearly
                   in
                   an
                   
                     Aristocracie
                     ,
                  
                   or
                   half
                   
                   yearly
                   in
                   a
                   
                     Free-state
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   3.
                   
                   
                     Manner
                  
                   of
                   choise
                   ,
                   by
                   whom
                   and
                   how
                   to
                   be
                   chosen
                   ,
                   where
                   especially
                   they
                   are
                   to
                   be
                   chosen
                   by
                   suffrage
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   by
                   Lot
                   .
                
              
            
          
        
         
           
             Causes
             preserving
             a
             State
             ,
             or
             Common-wealth
             .
          
           
             In
             preserving
             of
             
               States
               ,
            
             2.
             things
             required
             .
          
           
             
               1.
               
               
                 Mysteries
                 ,
              
               or
               
                 Sophisms
                 .
              
               
                 
                   1.
                   
                   
                     General
                     to
                     all
                     States
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   2.
                   
                   
                     Particular
                     ,
                  
                   for
                   every
                   several
                   
                     State
                     .
                  
                
              
            
             
               2.
               
               
                 Rules
                 ,
              
               or
               
                 Actions
                 .
              
               
                 
                   1.
                   
                   
                     General
                     ,
                  
                   for
                   all
                   
                     States
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   2.
                   
                   
                     Particular
                     ,
                  
                   for
                   every
                   
                     State
                     .
                  
                
              
            
          
           
             
               Mysteries
               ,
               or
               Sophisms
               .
            
             
               
                 MYsteries
                 ,
              
               or
               
                 Sophisms
              
               of
               
                 State
                 ,
              
               are
               certain
               secret
               practises
               ,
               either
               for
               the
               avoyding
               of
               danger
               ,
               or
               averting
               such
               effects
               as
               tend
               to
               the
               preservation
               
               of
               the
               present
               
                 State
                 ,
              
               as
               it
               is
               set
               or
               founded
               .
            
             
               
                 State
                 Mysteries
              
               are
               of
               two
               sorts
               .
            
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 
                   General
                
                 :
                 That
                 pertain
                 to
                 all
                 
                   States
                
                 ;
                 as
                 first
                 ,
                 to
                 provide
                 by
                 all
                 means
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 same
                 degree
                 ,
                 or
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Common-wealth
                   ,
                
                 do
                 not
                 exceed
                 both
                 in
                 
                   Quantity
                
                 and
                 
                   Q●ality
                   .
                
                 In
                 
                   Quantity
                   ,
                
                 as
                 that
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Nobility
                   ,
                
                 or
                 of
                 great
                 persons
                 ,
                 be
                 not
                 more
                 ,
                 than
                 the
                 
                   State
                
                 or
                 
                   Common-wealth
                
                 can
                 beare
                 .
                 In
                 
                   Quality
                   ,
                
                 as
                 that
                 none
                 grow
                 in
                 wealth
                 ,
                 liberty
                 ,
                 honours
                 ,
                 
                   &c.
                
                 more
                 than
                 it
                 is
                 meet
                 for
                 that
                 degree
                 ;
                 For
                 as
                 in
                 weights
                 ,
                 the
                 heavier
                 weights
                 bear
                 down
                 the
                 Scale
                 :
                 So
                 in
                 Common-wealths
                 ,
                 that
                 part
                 or
                 degree
                 that
                 excelleth
                 the
                 rest
                 in
                 
                   Quality
                   ,
                
                 and
                 
                   Quantity
                   ,
                
                 overswayeth
                 the
                 rest
                 after
                 it
                 ,
                 whereof
                 follow
                 alterations
                 ,
                 and
                 conversions
                 of
                 
                   State
                   .
                   Secondly
                   ,
                
                 to
                 provide
                 by
                 all
                 means
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 middle
                 sort
                 of
                 people
                 exceed
                 both
                 the
                 extreams
                 ,
                 (
                 
                   viz.
                
                 )
                 of
                 
                   Nobility
                
                 and
                 
                   Ge●t●y
                   ,
                
                 and
                 the
                 base
                 rascal
                 ,
                 and
                 begarly
                 sort
                 .
                 For
                 this
                 maketh
                 the
                 
                   State
                
                 constant
                 and
                 firm
                 ,
                 when
                 both
                 the
                 
                   Extreams
                
                 are
                 tied
                 together
                 by
                 a
                 middle
                 sort
                 ,
                 as
                 it
                 were
                 with
                 a
                 band
                 ,
                 as
                 for
                 any
                 conspiracy
                 of
                 the
                 rich
                 and
                 beggarly
                 sort
                 together
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 not
                 to
                 be
                 feared
                 .
                 To
                 these
                 two
                 points
                 ,
                 the
                 
                   Particular
                
                 
                 rules
                 or
                 
                   Sophisms
                
                 of
                 every
                 
                   Common-wealth
                   ,
                
                 are
                 to
                 be
                 applied
                 .
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 
                   Particular
                
                 :
                 That
                 serve
                 ●or
                 preservation
                 of
                 every
                 
                   Common-wealth
                   ,
                
                 in
                 that
                 form
                 of
                 
                   State
                
                 wherein
                 it
                 is
                 setled
                 as
                 in
                 a
                 Kingdom
                 .
                 That
                 the
                 
                   Nobility
                
                 may
                 be
                 accustomed
                 to
                 bear
                 the
                 
                   government
                
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Prince
                   ,
                
                 especially
                 such
                 as
                 have
                 their
                 dwelling
                 in
                 remote
                 places
                 from
                 the
                 
                   Princes
                
                 eye
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 expedient
                 to
                 call
                 them
                 up
                 at
                 certain
                 times
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Princes
                   Court
                   ,
                
                 under
                 pretence
                 of
                 doing
                 them
                 honour
                 ,
                 or
                 being
                 desirous
                 to
                 see
                 ,
                 and
                 enjoy
                 their
                 prese●ce
                 ;
                 and
                 to
                 have
                 their
                 children
                 ,
                 especially
                 their
                 eldest
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 attendant
                 upon
                 the
                 Prince
                 ,
                 as
                 of
                 special
                 favour
                 towards
                 them
                 and
                 theirs
                 ,
                 that
                 so
                 they
                 may
                 be
                 trained
                 up
                 in
                 duty
                 and
                 obedience
                 towards
                 the
                 Prince
                 ,
                 and
                 be
                 as
                 
                   Hostages
                
                 for
                 the
                 good
                 behaviour
                 ,
                 and
                 faithfull
                 dealing
                 of
                 their
                 Parents
                 ,
                 especially
                 ,
                 if
                 they
                 be
                 of
                 any
                 suspected
                 note
                 .
                 To
                 that
                 end
                 serves
                 the
                 
                   Pe●si●●
                
                 practise
                 ,
                 in
                 having
                 a
                 Band
                 ,
                 or
                 Train
                 of
                 the
                 
                   S●trapa's
                
                 children
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Nobles
                 to
                 attend
                 the
                 Court
                 ;
                 which
                 was
                 well
                 imitated
                 by
                 our
                 Train
                 of
                 
                   H●n●●men
                   ,
                
                 if
                 they
                 were
                 of
                 the
                 Nobler
                 sort
                 .
                 Again
                 ,
                 sometimes
                 to
                 borrow
                 small
                 sums
                 of
                 his
                 Subjects
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 pay
                 them
                 again
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 may
                 after
                 borrow
                 
                 greater
                 sums
                 and
                 never
                 pay
                 :
                 So
                 in
                 an
                 
                   Oligarchy
                   ,
                
                 least
                 it
                 decline
                 to
                 a
                 
                   Popular
                   State
                   ,
                
                 they
                 deceive
                 the
                 people
                 with
                 this
                 and
                 the
                 like
                 
                   Sophisms
                   ,
                
                 (
                 
                   viz.
                
                 )
                 They
                 compel
                 their
                 own
                 sort
                 ,
                 to
                 wit
                 ,
                 the
                 rich
                 men
                 ,
                 by
                 great
                 penalties
                 ,
                 to
                 frequent
                 their
                 Assemblies
                 for
                 choosing
                 of
                 Magistrates
                 ,
                 for
                 provision
                 of
                 Armour
                 ,
                 warlike
                 Exercises
                 ,
                 making
                 an
                 Execution
                 of
                 Laws
                 ,
                 
                   &c.
                   
                
                 By
                 that
                 means
                 seeming
                 to
                 bear
                 a
                 hard
                 hand
                 over
                 the
                 richer
                 ,
                 but
                 to
                 suffer
                 the
                 poorer
                 ,
                 and
                 meaner
                 sor●
                 to
                 be
                 absent
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 neglect
                 those
                 Assemblies
                 und●r
                 pretence
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 will
                 not
                 draw
                 them
                 from
                 their
                 business
                 ,
                 and
                 private
                 earnings
                 ,
                 :
                 Yet
                 withall
                 to
                 cite
                 thither
                 some
                 few
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 (
                 
                   viz.
                
                 )
                 so
                 many
                 as
                 are
                 easily
                 over
                 matched
                 by
                 the
                 ●icher
                 sort
                 ,
                 to
                 make
                 a
                 shew
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 would
                 have
                 the
                 people
                 or
                 poorer
                 sort
                 ,
                 partakers
                 likewise
                 of
                 those
                 matters
                 ,
                 yet
                 terrifying
                 those
                 that
                 come
                 to
                 their
                 Assemblies
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 tediousness
                 of
                 consultations
                 ,
                 greatness
                 of
                 Fines
                 ,
                 if
                 they
                 should
                 mis-do
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 end
                 ,
                 to
                 make
                 them
                 unwilling
                 to
                 come
                 again
                 ,
                 or
                 to
                 have
                 to
                 do
                 with
                 those
                 
                   Consultations
                
                 ;
                 by
                 which
                 means
                 ,
                 the
                 richer
                 sort
                 do
                 still
                 
                   govern
                
                 the
                 
                   State
                   ,
                
                 with
                 the
                 peoples
                 liking
                 ,
                 and
                 good
                 contentment
                 .
              
            
          
           
           
             
               Axioms
               .
            
             
               
                 Axioms
              
               or
               
                 Rules
              
               of
               preserving
               the
               
                 state
              
               are
               ,
               
                 
                   1.
                   
                   
                     G●neral
                     ,
                  
                   that
                   serve
                   for
                   all
                   
                     Common-wealths
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   2.
                   
                   
                     Particular
                     ,
                  
                   that
                   serve
                   for
                   every
                   
                     several
                     State
                     .
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 General
                 Rules
                 .
              
               
                 1.
                 
                 THe
                 first
                 and
                 principal
                 
                   Rule
                   of
                   Policie
                
                 to
                 be
                 observed
                 in
                 all
                 
                   States
                   ,
                
                 is
                 to
                 profess
                 ,
                 and
                 practise
                 ,
                 and
                 maintain
                 the
                 true
                 worship
                 and
                 
                   Religion
                
                 of
                 Almighty
                 God
                 prescribed
                 unto
                 us
                 in
                 his
                 word
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 chief
                 end
                 of
                 all
                 
                   government
                   .
                
                 The
                 
                   Axio●
                   ,
                
                 That
                 God
                 be
                 obeyed
                 simply
                 without
                 exception
                 ,
                 though
                 he
                 command
                 that
                 which
                 seemeth
                 unreasonable
                 ,
                 and
                 absurd
                 to
                 
                   Humane
                   policy
                
                 ;
                 as
                 in
                 the
                 
                   Iews
                   Common-wealth
                   ,
                
                 That
                 all
                 the
                 men
                 should
                 repair
                 yearly
                 to
                 one
                 place
                 to
                 worship
                 God
                 four
                 times
                 ,
                 leaving
                 none
                 to
                 defend
                 their
                 coast
                 ,
                 though
                 being
                 beset
                 with
                 many
                 Enemies
                 .
                 Not
                 to
                 sow
                 the
                 seventh
                 year
                 ,
                 but
                 to
                 suffer
                 the
                 ground
                 to
                 rest
                 untilled
                 without
                 respect
                 or
                 fear
                 of
                 famine
                 ,
                 
                   &c.
                   
                
              
               
               
                 2.
                 
                 To
                 avoid
                 the
                 causes
                 of
                 
                   Conversions
                   ,
                
                 whereby
                 
                   States
                
                 are
                 over-thrown
                 ,
                 that
                 are
                 set
                 down
                 in
                 the
                 Title
                 of
                 conversions
                 ;
                 For
                 that
                 
                   Common-vvealths
                
                 (
                 as
                 natural
                 bodies
                 )
                 are
                 preserved
                 by
                 avoiding
                 that
                 which
                 hurteth
                 the
                 health
                 and
                 
                   State
                
                 thereof
                 ,
                 a●d
                 are
                 so
                 cured
                 by
                 contrary
                 medicines
                 .
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 To
                 take
                 heed
                 ,
                 that
                 no
                 
                   Magistrate
                
                 be
                 created
                 or
                 continued
                 contrary
                 to
                 the
                 Laws
                 and
                 policy
                 of
                 that
                 
                   Stat●
                   .
                
                 As
                 that
                 in
                 a
                 
                   S●nate
                   ,
                
                 there
                 be
                 no●
                 created
                 a
                 perpetual
                 
                   Dict●tor
                   ,
                
                 as
                 
                   Caesar
                
                 in
                 
                   Rome
                   .
                
                 In
                 a
                 Kingdom
                 ,
                 that
                 there
                 be
                 no
                 
                   Senate
                   ,
                
                 or
                 
                   Convention
                
                 of
                 
                   equal
                   power
                
                 with
                 the
                 Prince
                 in
                 
                   State
                
                 matters
                 ,
                 as
                 in
                 
                   Poland
                   .
                
              
               
                 4.
                 
                 To
                 create
                 such
                 
                   Magistrates
                
                 as
                 love
                 the
                 
                   State
                
                 as
                 it
                 is
                 setled
                 ,
                 and
                 take
                 heed
                 of
                 the
                 contrary
                 practise
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 advance
                 Popular
                 persons
                 in
                 a
                 Kingdom
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   A●istocracie
                   .
                
                 And
                 secondly
                 ,
                 to
                 advance
                 such
                 as
                 have
                 skill
                 to
                 discern
                 what
                 doth
                 preserve
                 ,
                 and
                 what
                 hurteth
                 or
                 altereth
                 the
                 present
                 
                   Stat●
                   .
                
              
               
                 5.
                 
                 To
                 that
                 end
                 to
                 have
                 certain
                 Of●icers
                 to
                 p●y
                 abroad
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 observe
                 such
                 as
                 do
                 not
                 live
                 and
                 behave
                 themselves
                 in
                 sit
                 sort
                 ,
                 agreeable
                 to
                 the
                 present
                 
                   State
                   ,
                
                 but
                 de●●e
                 rather
                 to
                 be
                 under
                 some
                 other
                 form
                 ,
                 or
                 kind
                 of
                 
                   government
                   .
                
              
               
               
                 6.
                 
                 To
                 take
                 heed
                 that
                 Magistracies
                 be
                 not
                 sold
                 for
                 money
                 ,
                 nor
                 bribe
                 in
                 their
                 Offices
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 specially
                 to
                 be
                 observed
                 in
                 that
                 
                   Common-wealth
                
                 which
                 is
                 governed
                 by
                 a
                 few
                 of
                 the
                 richer
                 sort
                 ;
                 For
                 if
                 the
                 Magistrate
                 gain
                 nothing
                 but
                 his
                 
                   Common
                   Fees
                   ,
                
                 the
                 common
                 sort
                 ,
                 and
                 such
                 as
                 want
                 honour
                 ,
                 take
                 in
                 good
                 part
                 that
                 they
                 be
                 not
                 preferred
                 ,
                 and
                 are
                 glad
                 rather
                 that
                 themselves
                 are
                 suffered
                 to
                 intend
                 private
                 business
                 .
                 But
                 if
                 the
                 
                   Magistrate
                
                 buy
                 and
                 sell
                 matters
                 ,
                 the
                 common
                 people
                 are
                 doubly
                 grieved
                 ,
                 both
                 because
                 they
                 are
                 debar'd
                 of
                 those
                 preferments
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 that
                 gain
                 they
                 see
                 to
                 grow
                 by
                 them
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 cause
                 that
                 the
                 
                   Germ●in
                   Oligarchi●s
                
                 continue
                 so
                 firm
                 ;
                 for
                 both
                 they
                 suffer
                 the
                 poorer
                 sort
                 to
                 grow
                 into
                 wealth
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 richer
                 sort
                 are
                 by
                 that
                 means
                 freed
                 ,
                 and
                 secured
                 from
                 being
                 under
                 the
                 poor
                 .
              
               
                 7.
                 
                 To
                 take
                 heed
                 that
                 the
                 
                   State
                   ,
                
                 as
                 it
                 is
                 setled
                 and
                 maintained
                 ,
                 be
                 not
                 overstuct
                 ,
                 nor
                 exceed
                 in
                 his
                 kind
                 ;
                 (
                 
                   viz.
                
                 )
                 That
                 a
                 Kingdom
                 be
                 not
                 too
                 Monarchical
                 ,
                 nor
                 a
                 
                   Popular
                   State
                
                 too
                 
                   Popular
                
                 :
                 For
                 which
                 cause
                 it
                 is
                 good
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Magistrates
                 sometimes
                 yield
                 of
                 his
                 right
                 touching
                 honour
                 ,
                 and
                 behave
                 themselves
                 familiarly
                 with
                 those
                 that
                 are
                 equal
                 unto
                 them
                 in
                 other
                 parts
                 ,
                 though
                 
                 inferiour
                 for
                 place
                 and
                 Office
                 ;
                 And
                 sometimes
                 popula●ly
                 with
                 the
                 common
                 people
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 cause
                 that
                 some
                 
                   Common-wealths
                   ,
                
                 though
                 they
                 be
                 very
                 simply
                 ,
                 and
                 unskilfully
                 set
                 ,
                 yet
                 conti●●e
                 ●●rm
                 ,
                 because
                 the
                 Magistrates
                 behave
                 thems●lves
                 wi●ely
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 due
                 re●pect
                 towards
                 the
                 r●st
                 that
                 are
                 without
                 honour
                 ;
                 and
                 therefore
                 ●ome
                 kind
                 of
                 
                   Modera●●
                   Popularity
                
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 used
                 in
                 every
                 
                   ●ommon-wealth
                   .
                
              
               
                 8.
                 
                 To
                 take
                 heed
                 of
                 small
                 beginnings
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 meet
                 with
                 them
                 even
                 at
                 the
                 first
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 touching
                 the
                 breaki●g
                 and
                 altering
                 of
                 Lawes
                 ,
                 as
                 of
                 other
                 rules
                 which
                 concern
                 the
                 continuance
                 of
                 every
                 several
                 
                   State
                   .
                
                 For
                 the
                 disease
                 and
                 alteration
                 of
                 a
                 
                   Common-wealth
                   ,
                
                 doth
                 not
                 happen
                 all
                 at
                 once
                 ,
                 but
                 grows
                 by
                 degrees
                 ,
                 which
                 every
                 common
                 wit
                 cannot
                 discern
                 ,
                 but
                 men
                 expert
                 in
                 POLICIE
                 .
              
               
                 9.
                 
                 To
                 provide
                 ,
                 that
                 that
                 part
                 be
                 ever
                 the
                 grea●er
                 in
                 number
                 and
                 power
                 ,
                 which
                 favours
                 the
                 
                   S●ate
                
                 as
                 now
                 ●t
                 sta●ds
                 .
                 This
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 observed
                 as
                 a
                 ve●y
                 Oracle
                 in
                 all
                 Common-weal●hs
                 .
              
               
                 10
                 To
                 observe
                 a
                 mean
                 in
                 all
                 the
                 degrees
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 suffer
                 no
                 pa●t
                 to
                 exceed
                 ,
                 or
                 decay
                 over
                 much
                 .
                 As
                 first
                 for
                 p●efe●ments
                 ,
                 
                 to
                 provide
                 that
                 they
                 be
                 rather
                 small
                 and
                 short
                 ,
                 than
                 great
                 and
                 long
                 ;
                 and
                 if
                 a●y
                 be
                 grown
                 to
                 overmuch
                 greatness
                 ,
                 to
                 withdraw
                 or
                 diminish
                 some
                 part
                 of
                 his
                 honour
                 .
                 Where
                 the
                 
                   Sophisms
                
                 are
                 to
                 be
                 practised
                 (
                 
                   viz.
                
                 )
                 to
                 do
                 it
                 by
                 parts
                 and
                 degrees
                 ;
                 to
                 do
                 it
                 by
                 occasion
                 ,
                 or
                 colour
                 of
                 law
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 all
                 at
                 once
                 .
                 And
                 if
                 that
                 way
                 serve
                 not
                 ,
                 to
                 advance
                 some
                 other
                 ,
                 of
                 whose
                 virtu●
                 and
                 faithfulness
                 ,
                 we
                 are
                 fully
                 assur●d
                 ,
                 to
                 as
                 high
                 a
                 degree
                 ,
                 or
                 to
                 a
                 greater
                 honour
                 ;
                 and
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 friends
                 and
                 followe●s
                 of
                 him
                 that
                 excelleth
                 ,
                 above
                 that
                 which
                 is
                 meet
                 .
                 As
                 touching
                 wealth
                 ,
                 to
                 provide
                 ,
                 that
                 those
                 of
                 the
                 middle
                 sort
                 (
                 as
                 before
                 was
                 said
                 )
                 be
                 more
                 in
                 number
                 ;
                 and
                 if
                 any
                 grow
                 high
                 ,
                 and
                 overcharged
                 with
                 wealth
                 ,
                 to
                 use
                 the
                 
                   So●●isms
                
                 of
                 a
                 
                   Po●ula●
                   State
                   ,
                   viz.
                
                 to
                 send
                 him
                 on
                 Embassages
                 ,
                 and
                 Forreign
                 Negotiations
                 ,
                 or
                 imploy
                 him
                 in
                 some
                 Office
                 that
                 hath
                 g●●at
                 charges
                 ,
                 and
                 little
                 honour
                 ,
                 
                   &c.
                   
                
                 To
                 which
                 end
                 ,
                 the
                 
                   Edil●ship
                
                 served
                 in
                 some
                 Common-wealths
                 .
              
               
                 11.
                 
                 To
                 suppress
                 the
                 Factions
                 ,
                 and
                 quarrels
                 of
                 the
                 Nobles
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 keep
                 other
                 that
                 are
                 y●●
                 free
                 from
                 joyni●g
                 with
                 them
                 in
                 their
                 partakings
                 and
                 Factions
                 .
              
               
               
                 12
                 To
                 increase
                 or
                 remit
                 the
                 common
                 Taxes
                 and
                 Contributions
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 wealth
                 ,
                 or
                 want
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 and
                 
                   Common-wealt●
                   .
                
                 If
                 the
                 people
                 be
                 increased
                 in
                 Wealth
                 ,
                 the
                 Taxes
                 and
                 Subsidies
                 may
                 be
                 increased
                 .
                 If
                 they
                 be
                 poor
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 Wealth
                 diminish
                 ,
                 specially
                 by
                 dearth
                 ,
                 want
                 of
                 Traffick
                 ,
                 
                   &c.
                
                 to
                 forbear
                 Taxes
                 and
                 Impositions
                 ,
                 or
                 to
                 take
                 little
                 .
                 Otherwise
                 grudge
                 and
                 discontentments
                 must
                 needs
                 follow
                 .
                 The
                 
                   Sophisms
                
                 that
                 serve
                 for
                 Imposi●itions
                 ,
                 are
                 these
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 of
                 like
                 sort
                 ,
                 to
                 pretend
                 business
                 of
                 great
                 charge
                 ,
                 as
                 War
                 ,
                 building
                 of
                 Ships
                 ,
                 making
                 of
                 Havens
                 ,
                 Castles
                 ,
                 Fortifications
                 ,
                 
                   &c.
                
                 for
                 the
                 Common
                 defence
                 ;
                 sometimes
                 by
                 Lotteries
                 and
                 like
                 devises
                 ,
                 wherein
                 some
                 part
                 may
                 be
                 bestowed
                 ,
                 the
                 rest
                 reserved
                 for
                 other
                 expences
                 ;
                 but
                 Princely
                 dealings
                 needs
                 no
                 pretences
                 .
              
               
                 13
                 To
                 Provide
                 that
                 the
                 
                   Discipline
                
                 &
                 
                   Training
                
                 of
                 youth
                 of
                 the
                 better
                 sort
                 be
                 such
                 as
                 agreeth
                 with
                 that
                 
                   Common-wealth
                
                 :
                 As
                 that
                 in
                 a
                 Kingdom
                 ,
                 the
                 sons
                 of
                 Noble
                 men
                 to
                 be
                 attendant
                 at
                 the
                 Court
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 be
                 accustomed
                 to
                 obedience
                 towards
                 the
                 Prince
                 :
                 In
                 the
                 
                   Senatory
                   State
                   ,
                
                 that
                 the
                 sons
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Senatours
                
                 be
                 not
                 idly
                 ,
                 nor
                 over
                 
                 daintily
                 brought
                 up
                 ,
                 but
                 well
                 instructed
                 and
                 trained
                 up
                 in
                 
                   Le●rning
                   ,
                   Tongues
                   ,
                
                 and
                 
                   Martial
                   Exercise
                
                 ;
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 be
                 able
                 to
                 bear
                 that
                 place
                 in
                 the
                 Common-wealth
                 ,
                 which
                 their
                 Father
                 held
                 ,
                 and
                 contrariewise
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 
                   Popular
                   State
                   ,
                
              
               
                 14.
                 
                 To
                 take
                 heed
                 ,
                 least
                 their
                 
                   Sophisms
                   ,
                
                 or
                 secret
                 practises
                 for
                 the
                 continuance
                 and
                 maintenance
                 of
                 that
                 
                   State
                   ,
                
                 be
                 not
                 discovered
                 ;
                 least
                 by
                 that
                 means
                 they
                 refuse
                 and
                 disappoint
                 themselves
                 ,
                 but
                 wisely
                 used
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 great
                 secrecie
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Particular
                 Rules
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Rules
                
                 and
                 
                   Axioms
                   ,
                
                 for
                 preserving
                 of
                 a
                 Kingdom
                 .
              
               
                 
                   
                     Hereditary
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Conquered
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 
                   Kingdoms
                   Hereditary
                   ,
                   are
                   preserved
                   at
                   home
                   by
                   the
                   ordering
                   ,
                
                 
                   
                     1.
                     
                     
                       HImself
                       ,
                       viz.
                    
                     By
                     the
                     tempering
                     and
                     moderation
                     of
                     the
                     Princes
                     
                       Povver
                    
                     and
                     
                       Prerogative
                       .
                    
                     For
                     the
                     less
                     and
                     more
                     
                       temperate
                    
                     their
                     
                       Povver
                    
                     and
                     
                       State
                    
                     is
                     ,
                     the
                     more
                     firm
                     ,
                     and
                     stable
                     is
                     
                     their
                     Kingdom
                     and
                     
                       Governm●nt
                    
                     ;
                     because
                     they
                     seem
                     to
                     be
                     further
                     off
                     from
                     a
                     Master-like
                     ,
                     and
                     
                       Tyrannical
                       Empire
                    
                     ;
                     and
                     less
                     unequal
                     in
                     condition
                     to
                     the
                     next
                     degree
                     ,
                     to
                     wit
                     ,
                     the
                     
                       Nobility
                       ,
                    
                     and
                     so
                     less
                     subject
                     to
                     grudge
                     and
                     envy
                     .
                  
                   
                     2.
                     
                     
                       Nobility
                       ;
                       viz.
                    
                     By
                     keeping
                     that
                     degree
                     and
                     due
                     
                       proportion
                       ,
                    
                     that
                     neither
                     they
                     exceed
                     in
                     number
                     more
                     than
                     the
                     Realm
                     ,
                     or
                     
                       State
                    
                     can
                     bear
                     ,
                     as
                     the
                     
                       Scottish
                    
                     Kingdom
                     ,
                     and
                     sometime
                     the
                     
                       English
                       ,
                    
                     when
                     the
                     Realm
                     was
                     overcharged
                     with
                     the
                     number
                     of
                     
                       Dukes
                       ,
                       Earls
                       ,
                    
                     and
                     other
                     
                       Nobles
                    
                     ;
                     whereby
                     the
                     
                       Authori●y
                       of
                       the
                       Prince
                    
                     was
                     eclipsed
                     ,
                     and
                     the
                     Realm
                     troubled
                     with
                     their
                     
                       Factions
                       and
                       Ambitions
                       .
                    
                     Nor
                     that
                     any
                     one
                     excel
                     in
                     Hono●r
                     ,
                     Power
                     ,
                     or
                     wealth
                     ,
                     as
                     that
                     he
                     resemble
                     another
                     King
                     within
                     the
                     Kingdom
                     ,
                     as
                     the
                     house
                     of
                     
                       Lancaster
                    
                     within
                     this
                     Realm
                     ,
                     To
                     that
                     end
                     ,
                     not
                     to
                     load
                     any
                     with
                     too
                     much
                     Hono●r
                     or
                     preferment
                     ,
                     because
                     it
                     is
                     hard
                     even
                     for
                     the
                     best
                     ,
                     and
                     worthiest
                     men
                     ,
                     to
                     bear
                     their
                     greatness
                     ,
                     and
                     high
                     Fortune
                     tempera●ely
                     ,
                     as
                     appeareth
                     by
                     infinite
                     examples
                     in
                     all
                     
                       States
                       .
                    
                     The
                     
                       Sophism
                    
                     for
                     preventing
                     ,
                     or
                     reforming
                     this
                     inconvenience
                     ,
                     are
                     to
                     be
                     used
                     with
                     great
                     caution
                     and
                     wisdom
                     .
                     If
                     any
                     
                     great
                     person
                     be
                     to
                     be
                     abated
                     ,
                     not
                     to
                     deal
                     with
                     him
                     by
                     
                       calumniation
                       ,
                    
                     or
                     
                       forg●d
                       matter
                       ,
                    
                     &
                     so
                     to
                     cut
                     him
                     off
                     without
                     desert
                     ,
                     especially
                     if
                     he
                     be
                     gratious
                     among
                     the
                     people
                     ,
                     after
                     the
                     
                       Machiavilian
                       Policie
                       ,
                    
                     which
                     besides
                     the
                     injustice
                     ,
                     is
                     an
                     occasion
                     many
                     times
                     of
                     greater
                     danger
                     towards
                     the
                     Prince
                     .
                     Nor
                     to
                     withdraw
                     their
                     Honour
                     all
                     at
                     once
                     ,
                     which
                     maketh
                     a
                     desperate
                     
                       Discontentment
                    
                     in
                     the
                     party
                     ,
                     and
                     a
                     commiseration
                     in
                     the
                     peole
                     ,
                     and
                     so
                     greater
                     love
                     ,
                     if
                     he
                     be
                     gracious
                     for
                     his
                     virtue
                     ,
                     and
                     publick
                     service
                     .
                     Nor
                     to
                     banish
                     him
                     into
                     forreign
                     Countries
                     ,
                     where
                     he
                     may
                     have
                     opportunity
                     of
                     practising
                     with
                     
                       Forr●ign
                       States
                       ,
                    
                     whereof
                     great
                     danger
                     may
                     ensue
                     ,
                     as
                     in
                     the
                     example
                     of
                     
                       Coriolanus
                       ,
                       Henry
                    
                     the
                     fourth
                     ,
                     and
                     such
                     like
                     .
                     But
                     to
                     use
                     these
                     ,
                     and
                     the
                     like
                     
                       Sophisms
                       ,
                       viz.
                    
                     To
                     abate
                     their
                     greatness
                     by
                     degrees
                     ,
                     as
                     
                       David
                       Ioabs
                       ,
                       Iustinian
                       Bellisarius
                       ,
                    
                     &c.
                     
                     To
                     advance
                     some
                     other
                     Men
                     to
                     as
                     great
                     ,
                     or
                     greater
                     Honour
                     ,
                     to
                     shadow
                     ,
                     or
                     over-mate
                     the
                     greatness
                     of
                     the
                     other
                     .
                     To
                     draw
                     from
                     him
                     by
                     degrees
                     his
                     friends
                     ,
                     and
                     followers
                     by
                     
                       prefe●ments
                       ,
                       rewa●ds
                       ,
                    
                     and
                     other
                     good
                     and
                     lawfull
                     means
                     ;
                     especially
                     ,
                     to
                     be
                     pr●vided
                     that
                     these
                     great
                     men
                     be
                     not
                     imployed
                     in
                     great
                     or
                     powerfull
                     affairs
                     of
                     
                     the
                     
                       Common-wealth
                       ,
                    
                     whereby
                     they
                     may
                     have
                     more
                     opportunity
                     to
                     sway
                     the
                     
                       State
                       .
                    
                  
                   
                     3.
                     
                     
                       People
                       ,
                       viz.
                    
                     So
                     to
                     order
                     and
                     behave
                     himself
                     ,
                     that
                     he
                     be
                     loved
                     ,
                     and
                     reverenced
                     of
                     the
                     
                       People
                       .
                    
                     For
                     that
                     the
                     Prince
                     need
                     not
                     greatly
                     fear
                     home-conspiracies
                     ,
                     o●
                     forreign
                     Invasion
                     ,
                     if
                     he
                     be
                     firmly
                     loved
                     of
                     his
                     own
                     people
                     .
                     The
                     reason
                     ,
                     for
                     that
                     the
                     Rebel
                     can
                     neither
                     hope
                     for
                     any
                     forces
                     for
                     so
                     great
                     enterprise
                     ,
                     nor
                     any
                     refuge
                     ,
                     being
                     discovered
                     and
                     put
                     to
                     flight
                     ,
                     if
                     the
                     multitude
                     affect
                     their
                     Prince
                     :
                     But
                     the
                     Common
                     people
                     being
                     once
                     offended
                     ,
                     hath
                     cause
                     to
                     fear
                     every
                     moving
                     ,
                     both
                     at
                     home
                     and
                     abroad
                     .
                     This
                     may
                     be
                     effected
                     by
                     the
                     Prince
                     ,
                     if
                     he
                     use
                     means
                     and
                     art
                     of
                     getting
                     the
                     favour
                     of
                     the
                     people
                     ,
                     and
                     avoid
                     those
                     things
                     that
                     breed
                     hatred
                     &
                     contempt
                     ;
                     
                       viz.
                    
                     if
                     he
                     seem
                     as
                     a
                     
                       Tutor
                       ,
                    
                     or
                     a
                     
                       Father
                    
                     to
                     love
                     the
                     people
                     ,
                     and
                     to
                     protect
                     them
                     ,
                     if
                     he
                     maintain
                     the
                     peace
                     of
                     his
                     Kingdom
                     ;
                     For
                     that
                     nothing
                     is
                     more
                     popular
                     ,
                     nor
                     more
                     pleasing
                     to
                     the
                     people
                     ,
                     than
                     is
                     peace
                     .
                  
                   
                     4.
                     
                     If
                     he
                     shew
                     himself
                     oftentimes
                     graciously
                     ,
                     yet
                     with
                     
                       State
                    
                     and
                     
                       Majesty
                    
                     to
                     his
                     people
                     ,
                     and
                     receive
                     complaints
                     of
                     his
                     suppliants
                     ,
                     and
                     such
                     like
                     .
                  
                   
                   
                     5.
                     
                     If
                     he
                     sit
                     himself
                     sometimes
                     in
                     open
                     
                       Courts
                       ,
                    
                     and
                     place
                     of
                     
                       Iustic●
                       ,
                    
                     that
                     he
                     may
                     seem
                     to
                     have
                     a
                     care
                     of
                     justice
                     among
                     his
                     people
                     .
                     If
                     he
                     bestow
                     many
                     benefits
                     and
                     graces
                     upon
                     that
                     City
                     ,
                     which
                     he
                     maketh
                     the
                     
                       seat
                       of
                       his
                       Empire
                       ,
                    
                     and
                     so
                     make
                     it
                     sure
                     and
                     faithfull
                     unto
                     him
                     ,
                     which
                     is
                     fit
                     to
                     be
                     in
                     the
                     middle
                     of
                     his
                     Kingdom
                     ,
                     as
                     the
                     hear●
                     in
                     the
                     middle
                     of
                     the
                     body
                     ,
                     or
                     the
                     Sun
                     in
                     the
                     middle
                     of
                     Heaven
                     ,
                     both
                     to
                     divide
                     himself
                     more
                     easily
                     into
                     all
                     the
                     parts
                     of
                     his
                     Dominions
                     ;
                     and
                     least
                     the
                     furthest
                     parts●
                     at
                     one
                     end
                     move
                     ,
                     whilest
                     the
                     Prince
                     is
                     in
                     the
                     other
                     .
                     I●
                     he
                     go
                     in
                     progress
                     many
                     times
                     to
                     see
                     his
                     Provinces
                     ,
                     especially
                     ,
                     those
                     that
                     are
                     remote
                     .
                  
                   
                     6.
                     
                     If
                     he
                     gratifie
                     his
                     
                       Courtiers
                    
                     and
                     
                       Att●n●ants
                    
                     in
                     that
                     ●ort
                     ,
                     and
                     by
                     such
                     means
                     ,
                     as
                     that
                     he
                     may
                     seem
                     not
                     to
                     pleasure
                     them
                     with
                     the
                     hurt
                     and
                     injury
                     of
                     his
                     people
                     ,
                     as
                     with
                     
                       Monopolies
                       ,
                    
                     and
                     such
                     like
                     .
                  
                   
                     7.
                     
                     If
                     he
                     commit
                     the
                     handling
                     of
                     such
                     things
                     as
                     procure
                     envy
                     ,
                     or
                     seem
                     grievous
                     to
                     his
                     Ministers
                     ,
                     but
                     reserve
                     those
                     things
                     which
                     are
                     gratefull
                     ,
                     and
                     well
                     pleasing
                     to
                     himself
                     ,
                     as
                     the
                     
                       French
                    
                     Kings
                     ,
                     who
                     for
                     th●t
                     purpose
                     ,
                     as
                     may
                     seem
                     ,
                     have
                     erected
                     their
                     
                       Court
                    
                     at
                     
                       Paris
                       ,
                    
                     
                     which
                     acquitteh
                     the
                     Prince
                     from
                     grudge
                     and
                     ●nvy
                     ,
                     both
                     with
                     the
                     
                       Nobles
                    
                     and
                     the
                     
                       P●ople
                       .
                    
                  
                   
                     8.
                     
                     If
                     he
                     borrows
                     sometimes
                     sums
                     of
                     money
                     of
                     his
                     people
                     ,
                     though
                     he
                     have
                     no
                     need
                     ,
                     and
                     pay
                     the
                     same
                     justly
                     without
                     
                       defalca●ion
                    
                     of
                     any
                     part
                     by
                     his
                     Exchequer
                     ,
                     or
                     other
                     Officer
                     .
                  
                   
                     9.
                     
                     If
                     he
                     avoid
                     all
                     such
                     things
                     as
                     may
                     breed
                     
                       ●atred
                       ,
                    
                     or
                     
                       contempt
                    
                     of
                     his
                     person
                     ,
                     which
                     may
                     be
                     done
                     ,
                     if
                     he
                     shew
                     himself
                     not
                     too
                     
                       light
                       ,
                       inconstant
                       ,
                       hard
                       ,
                       cruel
                       ,
                       ●sfeminate
                       ,
                       fearfull
                       ,
                    
                     and
                     
                       dastardly
                       ,
                    
                     &c.
                     But
                     contrarywise
                     ,
                     
                       Religious
                       ,
                       Grave
                       ,
                       Iust
                       Valiant
                       ,
                    
                     &c.
                     
                     Whereby
                     appeareth
                     the
                     false
                     doctrine
                     of
                     the
                     
                       Machiavilian
                       Policie
                       ,
                    
                     with
                     far
                     the
                     betmeans
                     to
                     keep
                     the
                     people
                     in
                     obedience
                     ,
                     than
                     love
                     ,
                     and
                     reverence
                     of
                     the
                     people
                     towards
                     the
                     Prince
                     .
                  
                   
                     10
                     If
                     the
                     Prince
                     be
                     well
                     furnished
                     with
                     Warlike
                     provision
                     ,
                     which
                     is
                     to
                     be
                     rumoured
                     ,
                     and
                     made
                     known
                     abroad
                     :
                     if
                     it
                     be
                     known
                     ,
                     that
                     he
                     is
                     reverenced
                     ,
                     and
                     obeyed
                     by
                     his
                     peoples
                     at
                     home
                     .
                  
                   
                     11.
                     
                     If
                     he
                     provide
                     so
                     much
                     as
                     lyeth
                     in
                     him
                     ,
                     that
                     his
                     neighbour
                     Kingdoms
                     grow
                     not
                     over
                     much
                     in
                     power
                     and
                     Dominion
                     ;
                     which
                     if
                     it
                     happen
                     ,
                     he
                     is
                     to
                     joyn
                     speedily
                     with
                     other
                     Princes
                     ,
                     which
                     
                     are
                     in
                     like
                     danger
                     to
                     abate
                     that
                     greatness
                     ,
                     and
                     to
                     strengthen
                     himself
                     and
                     the
                     rest
                     against
                     it
                     .
                     An
                     oversight
                     of
                     the
                     Christian
                     Princes
                     towards
                     the
                     King
                     of
                     
                       Spain
                       .
                    
                  
                   
                     12.
                     
                     If
                     he
                     get
                     him
                     Intelligencers
                     by
                     Reward
                     ,
                     or
                     other
                     means
                     ,
                     to
                     detect
                     or
                     hinder
                     the
                     designs
                     of
                     that
                     Prince
                     ,
                     with
                     whom
                     he
                     hath
                     differences
                     ,
                     if
                     any
                     thing
                     be
                     intended
                     against
                     his
                     
                       State
                       .
                    
                     Or
                     at
                     least
                     have
                     some
                     of
                     his
                     own
                     Lydging
                     abroad
                     ,
                     about
                     that
                     Princes
                     
                       Court
                       ,
                    
                     under
                     colour
                     of
                     Embassage
                     ,
                     or
                     some
                     other
                     
                       p●etence
                    
                     ;
                     which
                     must
                     be
                     men
                     of
                     
                       skill
                    
                     and
                     
                       Dexterity
                    
                     to
                     serve
                     for
                     that
                     turn
                     .
                  
                   
                     13.
                     
                     To
                     observe
                     the
                     Laws
                     of
                     his
                     Countrey
                     ,
                     and
                     not
                     to
                     encounter
                     them
                     with
                     his
                     
                       Pr●rogative
                       ,
                    
                     nor
                     to
                     use
                     it
                     at
                     all
                     where
                     there
                     is
                     a
                     Law
                     ,
                     for
                     that
                     it
                     maketh
                     a
                     secret
                     and
                     just
                     grudge
                     in
                     the
                     peoples
                     hearts
                     ,
                     especially
                     if
                     it
                     tender
                     to
                     take
                     from
                     them
                     
                       ●●●ir
                       commodities
                       ,
                    
                     and
                     to
                     bestow
                     them
                     upon
                     other
                     of
                     his
                     COURTIERS
                     and
                     
                       Ministers
                       .
                    
                  
                   
                     14.
                     
                     To
                     provide
                     especially
                     ,
                     That
                     that
                     part
                     ,
                     
                       which
                       favoureth
                       the
                       State
                    
                     as
                     it
                     standeth
                     ,
                     be
                     more
                     
                       potent
                       ,
                    
                     than
                     the
                     other
                     which
                     
                       favoureth
                       it
                       not
                       ,
                    
                     or
                     desireth
                     a
                     change
                     .
                  
                   
                   
                     15.
                     
                     To
                     make
                     special
                     choice
                     of
                     good
                     and
                     sound
                     men
                     to
                     bear
                     the
                     place
                     of
                     
                       Magistrates
                       ,
                    
                     especially
                     ,
                     of
                     such
                     as
                     assist
                     the
                     
                       Prince
                       in
                       his
                       Counsels
                       ,
                       and
                       Policies
                       ,
                    
                     and
                     not
                     to
                     lean
                     over
                     much
                     to
                     his
                     own
                     advise
                     ,
                     contrarie
                     to
                     the
                     rule
                     of
                     
                       Machiavil
                       ,
                    
                     who
                     teacheth
                     ,
                     
                       That
                       a
                       Prince
                       can
                       have
                       no
                       good
                       counsel
                       ,
                       except
                       it
                       be
                       in
                       himself
                    
                     ;
                     his
                     reason
                     ,
                     
                       because
                       if
                       he
                       use
                       the
                       counsel
                       of
                       some
                       one
                       ,
                       he
                       is
                       in
                       danger
                       to
                       be
                       over-wrought
                       ,
                       and
                       supplanted
                       by
                       him
                    
                     ;
                     &
                     if
                     he
                     counsel
                     with
                     more
                     ,
                     
                       Then
                       he
                       shall
                       be
                       distracted
                       with
                       the
                       differences
                       in
                       opinions
                       .
                    
                     As
                     if
                     a
                     Prince
                     of
                     great
                     ,
                     or
                     mean
                     wisdom
                     ,
                     could
                     not
                     take
                     the
                     
                       Iudgement
                       of
                       all
                       his
                       Counsellorurs
                    
                     in
                     any
                     point
                     of
                     
                       Policie
                       ,
                    
                     or
                     of
                     so
                     many
                     as
                     the
                     himself
                     thinketh
                     good
                     ,
                     and
                     to
                     take
                     it
                     either
                     by
                     word
                     ,
                     or
                     in
                     writing
                     ;
                     and
                     himself
                     then
                     in
                     private
                     peruse
                     them
                     all
                     ,
                     and
                     so
                     
                       after
                       good
                       and
                       mature
                       deliberation
                       ,
                    
                     make
                     choice
                     of
                     the
                     best
                     ,
                     without
                     any
                     distraction
                     or
                     binding
                     himself
                     
                       to
                       the
                       direction
                       of
                       one
                       .
                    
                     For
                     the
                     Proverb
                     is
                     true
                     ,
                     
                       that
                       two
                       eyes
                       see
                       more
                       than
                       one
                    
                     ;
                     and
                     therefore
                     the
                     advises
                     ,
                     and
                     
                       Consultations
                       of
                       a
                       Senatory
                       State
                       ,
                    
                     is
                     compared
                     by
                     some
                     
                       to
                       a
                       Feast
                       ,
                       or
                       dinner
                       ,
                       where
                       many
                       contribute
                       towards
                       the
                       shot
                       ,
                       by
                       which
                       means
                       they
                       have
                       more
                       variety
                       of
                       dishes
                       ,
                       and
                       so
                       better
                       fare
                       ;
                       and
                       yet
                       every
                       man
                       may
                       make
                       choice
                       of
                       
                       that
                       dish
                       ,
                       that
                       serveth
                       him
                       best
                       ●or
                       his
                       health
                       and
                       appeti●e
                       .
                    
                  
                   
                     16.
                     
                     The
                     Prince
                     himself
                     is
                     to
                     sit
                     sometimes
                     in
                     place
                     of
                     publique
                     justice
                     ,
                     and
                     to
                     give
                     an
                     experiment
                     of
                     his
                     wisdom
                     and
                     equity
                     ,
                     whereby
                     great
                     reverence
                     and
                     estimation
                     is
                     gotten
                     ,
                     as
                     in
                     the
                     example
                     of
                     
                       Solomon
                       ,
                    
                     which
                     may
                     seem
                     the
                     reason
                     ,
                     why
                     our
                     Kings
                     of
                     
                       England
                    
                     had
                     their
                     Kings
                     Bench
                     in
                     place
                     of
                     publick
                     Justice
                     ,
                     after
                     the
                     manner
                     of
                     the
                     ancient
                     Kings
                     that
                     ●ate
                     in
                     the
                     Gate
                     ;
                     where
                     for
                     better
                     performing
                     of
                     this
                     Princely
                     duty
                     ,
                     some
                     special
                     causes
                     may
                     be
                     selected
                     ,
                     which
                     may
                     throughly
                     be
                     deba●ed
                     and
                     considered
                     upon
                     by
                     the
                     Prince
                     in
                     private
                     ,
                     with
                     the
                     help
                     and
                     advise
                     of
                     his
                     learned
                     Councel
                     ,
                     and
                     so
                     be
                     decided
                     publickly
                     ,
                     as
                     before
                     is
                     said
                     ,
                     by
                     the
                     Prince
                     himself
                     ;
                     At
                     least
                     ,
                     the
                     Prince
                     is
                     to
                     ●ake
                     accomp●
                     of
                     every
                     Minister
                     of
                     publick
                     Justice
                     ,
                     that
                     it
                     may
                     be
                     known
                     ,
                     that
                     he
                     hath
                     a
                     care
                     of
                     Justice
                     ,
                     and
                     doing
                     right
                     to
                     his
                     people
                     ,
                     which
                     makes
                     the
                     Justic●rs
                     also
                     to
                     ●e
                     more
                     ●●reful
                     in
                     performing
                     of
                     their
                     duties
                     .
                  
                   
                     17.
                     
                     To
                     be
                     moderate
                     in
                     his
                     Taxes
                     ,
                     and
                     impositions
                     ;
                     and
                     when
                     need
                     doth
                     require
                     to
                     use
                     the
                     Subjects
                     purse
                     ,
                     ●o
                     do
                     it
                     by
                     Parliaments
                     ,
                     and
                     with
                     their
                     
                     consents
                     ,
                     making
                     the
                     cause
                     apparent
                     unto
                     them
                     ,
                     and
                     shewing
                     his
                     unwillingness
                     in
                     charging
                     them
                     .
                     Finally
                     ,
                     so
                     to
                     use
                     it
                     ,
                     that
                     it
                     may
                     seem
                     rather
                     an
                     offer
                     from
                     his
                     Subjects
                     ,
                     than
                     an
                     exaction
                     by
                     him
                     .
                  
                   
                     18.
                     
                     To
                     stop
                     small
                     beginnings
                     ;
                     unto
                     ●his
                     end
                     to
                     compound
                     the
                     dissentions
                     ●hat
                     arise
                     amongst
                     the
                     Nobles
                     ,
                     with
                     caution
                     ,
                     that
                     such
                     as
                     are
                     free
                     be
                     not
                     drawn
                     into
                     parts
                     ,
                     whereby
                     many
                     times
                     the
                     Prince
                     is
                     endangered
                     ,
                     and
                     the
                     whole
                     
                       Common-wealth
                    
                     set
                     in
                     a
                     
                       combustion
                    
                     ;
                     as
                     in
                     the
                     example
                     of
                     the
                     
                       Barons
                       Wars
                       ,
                    
                     and
                     the
                     late
                     Wars
                     of
                     
                       France
                       ,
                    
                     which
                     grew
                     from
                     a
                     quarrel
                     betwixt
                     the
                     
                       Guision
                       Faction
                       ,
                    
                     and
                     the
                     other
                     
                       Nobility
                       .
                    
                  
                   
                     19.
                     
                     To
                     stir
                     up
                     the
                     people
                     ,
                     if
                     they
                     grow
                     secure
                     ,
                     and
                     
                       negl●gent
                       of
                       A●mour
                       ,
                    
                     and
                     
                       other
                       provision
                       for
                       the
                       Common-wealth
                       ,
                    
                     by
                     some
                     rumour
                     or
                     fear
                     of
                     danger
                     at
                     home
                     ,
                     to
                     make
                     more
                     ready
                     when
                     occasion
                     requireth
                     .
                     But
                     this
                     seldom
                     to
                     be
                     used
                     ,
                     least
                     it
                     be
                     supposed
                     a
                     false
                     Alarm
                     ,
                     when
                     there
                     is
                     need
                     indeed
                     .
                  
                   
                     20.
                     
                     To
                     have
                     special
                     care
                     ,
                     that
                     his
                     children
                     ,
                     especially
                     ,
                     the
                     heir
                     apparent
                     ,
                     have
                     such
                     bringing
                     up
                     as
                     is
                     meet
                     for
                     a
                     King
                     ,
                     
                       viz.
                    
                     in
                     learning
                     ,
                     specially
                     of
                     
                     matters
                     pertaining
                     to
                     
                       State
                       ,
                    
                     and
                     in
                     Martial
                     exercise
                     ,
                     contrary
                     to
                     the
                     practise
                     of
                     many
                     Princes
                     ,
                     who
                     suffer
                     their
                     children
                     to
                     be
                     brought
                     up
                     in
                     pleasure
                     ,
                     and
                     to
                     spend
                     their
                     time
                     in
                     hunting
                     ,
                     
                       &c.
                    
                     which
                     by
                     reason
                     of
                     their
                     defects
                     ,
                     afterwards
                     is
                     a
                     cause
                     of
                     mis-government
                     and
                     alteration
                     of
                     
                       State
                       .
                    
                  
                
              
               
                 
                   II.
                   Kingdoms
                   new
                   gotten
                   ,
                   or
                   purchased
                   by
                   force
                   ,
                   are
                   preserved
                   by
                   these
                   means
                   .
                
                 
                   1.
                   
                   FIrst
                   ,
                   if
                   they
                   have
                   been
                   Subjects
                   before
                   to
                   his
                   Ancestours
                   ,
                   or
                   have
                   the
                   same
                   tongue
                   ,
                   manners
                   ,
                   or
                   fashions
                   ,
                   as
                   have
                   his
                   own
                   Countrey
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   an
                   eas●●
                   matter
                   to
                   retain
                   such
                   Countries
                   within
                   their
                   obedience
                   ,
                   in
                   case
                   the
                   Princes
                   bloud
                   of
                   the
                   said
                   countrey
                   be
                   wholly
                   extinct
                   .
                   For
                   men
                   of
                   the
                   same
                   
                     quality
                     ,
                     tongue
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   
                     condi●ion
                     ,
                  
                   do
                   easily
                   
                     shole
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   
                     combine
                     thems●lves
                     together
                     ,
                  
                   so
                   much
                   the
                   rather
                   ,
                   if
                   the
                   people
                   of
                   that
                   countrey
                   have
                   served
                   before
                   ,
                   and
                   were
                   not
                   accustomed
                   to
                   their
                   
                     own
                     Lib●r●y
                     ,
                  
                   wherein
                   specially
                   is
                   to
                   be
                   observed
                   ,
                   
                   that
                   the
                   laws
                   and
                   customs
                   o●
                   that
                   purchased
                   Countrey
                   be
                   not
                   altered
                   nor
                   innovated
                   ,
                   or
                   at
                   least
                   it
                   be
                   done
                   by
                   little
                   and
                   little
                   .
                   So
                   the
                   
                     ●urgundians
                  
                   and
                   
                     Acquitains
                  
                   were
                   annexed
                   to
                   
                     France
                     .
                  
                   The
                   reason
                   ,
                   because
                   
                     partly
                     they
                     have
                     been
                     accustomed
                     to
                     serve
                     ,
                     and
                     partly
                     ,
                     for
                     that
                     th●y
                     will
                     not
                     ●asily
                     agree
                     about
                     any
                     other
                     to
                     be
                     their
                     Prince
                     ,
                     if
                     the
                     Bloud
                     Royall
                     be
                     once
                     extinguished
                     .
                  
                   As
                   for
                   the
                   invasion
                   of
                   a
                   forreign
                   Coutrey
                   ,
                   whereunto
                   the
                   Prince
                   hath
                   no
                   right
                   ,
                   or
                   whereof
                   the
                   right
                   heir
                   is
                   living
                   ,
                   ;
                   It
                   is
                   not
                   the
                   part
                   of
                   a
                   just
                   Civil
                   Prince
                   ,
                   much
                   less
                   a
                   Prince
                   Christian
                   to
                   enforce
                   such
                   a
                   countrey
                   ;
                   and
                   therefore
                   ,
                   the
                   
                     Machiavilian
                  
                   practises
                   in
                   this
                   case
                   ,
                   to
                   make
                   sure
                   work
                   by
                   extinguishing
                   wholly
                   the
                   
                     Bloud
                     Royal
                     ,
                  
                   is
                   lewd
                   and
                   imper●inent
                   :
                   The
                   like
                   is
                   to
                   be
                   said
                   of
                   murthering
                   the
                   Natives
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   greatest
                   part
                   of
                   them
                   ,
                   to
                   the
                   end
                   he
                   may
                   hold
                   the
                   rest
                   in
                   sure
                   posession
                   .
                   A
                   thing
                   not
                   onely
                   against
                   
                     Christian
                     Religion
                     ,
                  
                   but
                   it
                   is
                   inhumane
                   injustice
                   ,
                   cruel
                   ,
                   and
                   barbarous
                   .
                
                 
                   2.
                   
                   The
                   safest
                   way
                   is
                   ,
                   (
                   supposing
                   a
                   right
                   )
                   that
                   some
                   good
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   Natives
                   be
                   transplanted
                   into
                   some
                   other
                   place
                   ,
                   and
                   our
                   Colonies
                   ,
                   consisting
                   of
                   so
                   many
                   as
                   shall
                   be
                   thought
                   
                   meet
                   ,
                   be
                   planted
                   there
                   in
                   some
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   Province
                   ,
                   
                     Castles
                     ,
                     Forts
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   
                     Havens
                     ,
                  
                   seized
                   upon
                   and
                   more
                   provided
                   in
                   fit
                   places
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   manner
                   was
                   of
                   the
                   
                     Babylonian
                     Monarch
                     ,
                  
                   which
                   
                     Transplanted
                  
                   10.
                   
                   
                     Iews
                  
                   :
                   And
                   of
                   the
                   
                     Romans
                  
                   in
                   
                     France
                     ,
                     Tribes
                     of
                     the
                     Germany
                     ,
                     Br●tany
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   other
                   places
                   .
                   The
                   reason
                   :
                   
                     
                       1.
                       
                       For
                       that
                       otherwise
                       Forces
                       of
                       Horse
                       and
                       Foot
                       ,
                       are
                       to
                       be
                       maintained
                       within
                       the
                       
                         Province
                         ,
                      
                       which
                       cannot
                       be
                       done
                       without
                       great
                       charge
                       .
                    
                     
                       2.
                       
                       For
                       that
                       the
                       whole
                       
                         Province
                      
                       is
                       ●roubled
                       and
                       grieved
                       with
                       removing
                       and
                       supplying
                       the
                       Army
                       with
                       victuals
                       ,
                       carriages
                       ,
                       
                         &c.
                         
                      
                    
                     
                       
                         3.
                         
                         For
                         that
                         Colonies
                         are
                         more
                         sure
                         and
                         faith●ul
                         ,
                         than
                         the
                         rest
                         .
                      
                       
                         As
                         for
                         the
                         Natives
                         that
                         are
                         removed
                         from
                         their
                         former
                         ●ears
                         ,
                         they
                         have
                         no
                         means
                         to
                         hurt
                         ,
                         and
                         the
                         rest
                         of
                         the
                         Natives
                         being
                         free
                         from
                         the
                         inconvenience
                         ,
                         and
                         fearing
                         that
                         themselves
                         may
                         be
                         so
                         served
                         if
                         they
                         attempt
                         any
                         thing
                         rashly
                         ,
                         are
                         content
                         to
                         be
                         quiet
                         .
                      
                       
                         The
                         
                           Turks
                        
                         practise
                         in
                         
                           Asia
                           ,
                        
                         where
                         the
                         chief
                         grounds
                         and
                         dwellings
                         are
                         posessed
                         by
                         the
                         Souldiers
                         ,
                         
                         whom
                         they
                         call
                         ,
                         
                           Timariotae
                           .
                        
                      
                       
                         That
                         the
                         Prince
                         have
                         his
                         seat
                         and
                         his
                         residence
                         ,
                         in
                         his
                         new
                         purchase
                         ,
                         especially
                         ,
                         for
                         a
                         time
                         ,
                         till
                         things
                         be
                         well
                         setled
                         ;
                         especially
                         ,
                         if
                         the
                         
                           Province
                        
                         be
                         great
                         and
                         large
                         ,
                         as
                         the
                         
                           Turks
                        
                         in
                         
                           Greece
                           :
                        
                         The
                         reason
                         ;
                         
                           
                             1.
                             
                             Because
                             the
                             presence
                             of
                             the
                             Prince
                             availeth
                             much
                             to
                             keep
                             things
                             in
                             order
                             ,
                             and
                             get
                             the
                             good
                             will
                             of
                             his
                             new
                             Subjects
                             .
                          
                           
                             2.
                             
                             They
                             conceive
                             that
                             they
                             have
                             refuge
                             by
                             the
                             Princes
                             presence
                             ,
                             if
                             they
                             be
                             oppressed
                             by
                             the
                             Lieutenants
                             ,
                             and
                             inferiour
                             Governours
                             :
                             Where
                             it
                             will
                             be
                             convenient
                             for
                             the
                             winning
                             the
                             peoples
                             hearts
                             ,
                             that
                             some
                             example
                             be
                             made
                             of
                             punishing
                             of
                             such
                             as
                             have
                             committed
                             any
                             violence
                             or
                             oppression
                             .
                          
                           
                             3.
                             
                             Because
                             being
                             present
                             ,
                             he
                             seeth
                             and
                             heareth
                             what
                             is
                             thought
                             and
                             attempted
                             ;
                             and
                             so
                             may
                             quickly
                             give
                             remedy
                             to
                             it
                             ,
                             which
                             being
                             absent
                             ,
                             he
                             cannot
                             do
                             ,
                             or
                             not
                             do
                             in
                             time
                             .
                          
                           
                             4.
                             
                             If
                             the
                             Prince
                             himself
                             cannot
                             be
                             present
                             to
                             reside
                             ,
                             then
                             ,
                             to
                             take
                             heed
                             that
                             the
                             charge
                             of
                             Governing
                             ,
                             or
                             new
                             
                             purchases
                             be
                             committed
                             to
                             such
                             as
                             be
                             sure
                             men
                             ,
                             and
                             of
                             other
                             meet
                             quality
                             ,
                             that
                             depend
                             wholly
                             upon
                             the
                             Princes
                             favour
                             ,
                             and
                             not
                             to
                             Natives
                             ,
                             or
                             other
                             of
                             their
                             own
                             Subjects
                             ,
                             that
                             are
                             gracious
                             ●or
                             their
                             
                               Nobil●●y
                               ,
                            
                             or
                             
                               Virtue
                            
                             ;
                             especially
                             ,
                             if
                             the
                             
                               Province
                            
                             be
                             great
                             ,
                             and
                             somewhat
                             far
                             distant
                             ,
                             which
                             may
                             soon
                             seduce
                             the
                             unsetled
                             affections
                             of
                             those
                             new
                             subjects
                             .
                             As
                             for
                             such
                             
                               Governours
                               ,
                            
                             as
                             depend
                             wholly
                             upon
                             the
                             Princes
                             favour
                             ,
                             being
                             not
                             born
                             ,
                             but
                             created
                             
                               Noble
                               ,
                            
                             they
                             will
                             not
                             so
                             easily
                             suffer
                             themselves
                             to
                             be
                             won
                             from
                             their
                             duty
                             ,
                             and
                             in
                             case
                             they
                             would
                             revolt
                             ,
                             yet
                             they
                             are
                             not
                             able
                             to
                             make
                             any
                             great
                             strength
                             ,
                             for
                             that
                             the
                             people
                             obey
                             them
                             but
                             as
                             instruments
                             and
                             ministers
                             ,
                             to
                             keep
                             them
                             in
                             Subjection
                             ,
                             and
                             not
                             for
                             any
                             ill
                             will
                             .
                          
                        
                      
                    
                     
                       4.
                       
                       To
                       have
                       the
                       children
                       of
                       the
                       ch●e●
                       Noble
                       men
                       ,
                       and
                       of
                       greatest
                       Authority
                       ,
                       Hostages
                       with
                       them
                       in
                       safe
                       keeping
                       ,
                       the
                       more
                       the
                       better
                       :
                       For
                       that
                       no
                       bound
                       is
                       stronger
                       ,
                       than
                       that
                       of
                       nature
                       ,
                       to
                       contain
                       the
                       Parents
                       and
                       Alies
                       in
                       obedience
                       ,
                       and
                       they
                       the
                       rest
                       .
                    
                     
                       5.
                       
                       To
                       alter
                       the
                       laws
                       but
                       by
                       degrees
                       one
                       after
                       another
                       ,
                       and
                       to
                       make
                       other
                       that
                       are
                       more
                       behovefull
                       for
                       the
                       establishing
                       
                       of
                       the
                       present
                       
                         Govern●ment
                         .
                      
                    
                     
                       6.
                       
                       To
                       keep
                       the
                       people
                       quiet
                       and
                       peaceable
                       ,
                       and
                       well
                       affected
                       so
                       much
                       as
                       may
                       be
                       ,
                       that
                       they
                       may
                       seem
                       by
                       being
                       conquered
                       ,
                       to
                       have
                       gotten
                       a
                       protectour
                       ,
                       rather
                       than
                       a
                       Tyrant
                       ;
                       For
                       the
                       
                         Common-People
                         ,
                      
                       if
                       they
                       enjoy
                       peace
                       ,
                       and
                       ●e
                       not
                       distracted
                       nor
                       drawn
                       from
                       their
                       business
                       ,
                       nor
                       exacted
                       upon
                       beyond
                       measure
                       ,
                       are
                       easily
                       con●ained
                       under
                       obedience
                       ;
                       Yet
                       notwithstanding
                       ,
                       they
                       are
                       to
                       be
                       dis●used
                       from
                       the
                       practise
                       of
                       Arms
                       ,
                       and
                       other
                       Exercises
                       which
                       increase
                       courage
                       ,
                       and
                       ●e
                       weakened
                       of
                       
                         Armour
                         ,
                      
                       that
                       they
                       have
                       neither
                       spi●it
                       ,
                       ●or
                       will
                       to
                       rebel
                       .
                    
                     
                       7.
                       
                       If
                       the●e
                       be
                       any
                       ●action
                       in
                       the
                       Countrey
                       ,
                       to
                       take
                       to
                       him
                       the
                       defence
                       of
                       the
                       better
                       and
                       stronger
                       part
                       ,
                       and
                       to
                       combine
                       with
                       it
                       ,
                       ●as
                       
                         Caesar
                      
                       in
                       
                         Fra●●e
                         .
                      
                    
                     
                       8.
                       
                       To
                       look
                       well
                       to
                       the
                       
                         Borders
                         ,
                      
                       and
                       confining
                       
                         Provinces
                         ,
                      
                       and
                       if
                       any
                       rule
                       there
                       of
                       great
                       ,
                       or
                       equal
                       power
                       to
                       him●elf
                       ,
                       to
                       joyn
                       league
                       with
                       some
                       other
                       
                         Borderers
                         ,
                      
                       though
                       of
                       less
                       strength
                       ,
                       to
                       hinder
                       the
                       attempts
                       (
                       if
                       any
                       should
                       be
                       )
                       by
                       such
                       neighbour
                       Prince
                       .
                       For
                       it
                       happeneth
                       often
                       ,
                       tha●
                       a
                       Countrey
                       in●e●ted
                       by
                       one
                       neighbour
                       P●ince
                       ,
                       ●calleth
                       in
                       
                       another
                       ,
                       of
                       as
                       great
                       ,
                       o●
                       greater
                       power
                       ,
                       to
                       assist
                       ,
                       and
                       rescue
                       it
                       from
                       the
                       other
                       that
                       invadeth
                       it
                       ;
                       So
                       the
                       
                         Romans
                      
                       were
                       called
                       into
                       
                         Greece
                         ,
                      
                       by
                       the
                       
                         AEtolians
                      
                       ;
                       the
                       
                         Saxons
                         ,
                      
                       by
                       the
                       
                         Britains
                         ,
                      
                       the
                       
                         Danes
                         ,
                      
                       by
                       the
                       
                         Saxons
                         .
                      
                    
                     
                       9.
                       
                       To
                       leave
                       their
                       Ti●les
                       and
                       dignities
                       to
                       the
                       Natives
                       ,
                       but
                       the
                       command
                       and
                       Authority
                       ,
                       wholly
                       to
                       his
                       own
                       .
                    
                     
                       10.
                       
                       Not
                       to
                       put
                       much
                       trust
                       ,
                       nor
                       to
                       practise
                       to
                       often
                       the
                       
                         Sophisms
                      
                       of
                       Policy
                       ,
                       especially
                       those
                       that
                       appertain
                       to
                       a
                       Tyrannical
                       State
                       ,
                       which
                       are
                       soon
                       de●ected
                       by
                       men
                       of
                       Judgement
                       ,
                       and
                       so
                       bring
                       discredit
                       to
                       the
                       Prince
                       ,
                       and
                       his
                       Policy
                       among
                       the
                       wiser
                       ,
                       and
                       better
                       sort
                       of
                       his
                       subjects
                       ,
                       whereof
                       must
                       needs
                       follow
                       very
                       ill
                       effects
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   The
                   
                     Sophisms
                  
                   of
                   Tyrants
                   ,
                   are
                   rather
                   to
                   be
                   known
                   ,
                   than
                   practised
                   ,
                   (
                   which
                   are
                   for
                   the
                   supporting
                   of
                   their
                   Tyrannical
                   States
                   ,
                   )
                   by
                   wise
                   and
                   good
                   Princes
                   ,
                   and
                   are
                   these
                   ,
                   and
                   such
                   like
                   as
                   follow
                   .
                
              
            
          
           
             
               Rules
               Politick
               of
               Tyrants
               .
            
             
               
                 RVles
              
               practised
               by
               
                 Tyrants
              
               are
               of
               2.
               sorts
               .
               
                 viz.
                 
              
               
                 
                   1.
                   
                   
                     Barbarous
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   
                     Pro●essed
                     ,
                  
                   which
                   is
                   
                   proper
                   to
                   those
                   that
                   have
                   got
                   head
                   ,
                   and
                   have
                   power
                   sufficient
                   of
                   themselves
                   ,
                   without
                   others
                   help
                   ,
                   as
                   in
                   the
                   
                     Tu●kish
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   
                     Russe
                  
                   Government
                   .
                
                 
                   2.
                   
                   
                     So●histical
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   
                     Dissembl●d
                  
                   ;
                   As
                   in
                   some
                   States
                   that
                   are
                   repu●ed
                   for
                   good
                   and
                   lawfull
                   
                     Monarchies
                     ,
                  
                   but
                   inclining
                   to
                   Tyrannies
                   ,
                   proper
                   to
                   those
                   which
                   are
                   not
                   yet
                   ●●tled
                   ,
                   nor
                   have
                   power
                   sufficient
                   of
                   themselves
                   ;
                   but
                   must
                   use
                   the
                   power
                   and
                   help
                   of
                   others
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   are
                   forced
                   to
                   be
                   Politick
                   
                     Soph●st●●s
                     .
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 I.
                 Sophisms
                 of
                 a
                 Barbarous
                 and
                 professed
                 Tyranny
                 .
              
               
                 TO
                 expel
                 and
                 banish
                 ou●
                 of
                 his
                 countrey
                 all
                 ho●est
                 means
                 ,
                 whereby
                 his
                 people
                 may
                 a●tain
                 to
                 learning
                 ,
                 wisdom
                 ,
                 valour
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 virtues
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 might
                 be
                 fit
                 for
                 that
                 estate
                 ,
                 and
                 ●ervile
                 condition
                 .
                 For
                 that
                 these
                 two
                 ,
                 learning
                 ,
                 and
                 martial
                 exercise
                 ,
                 effect
                 two
                 things
                 most
                 dangerous
                 to
                 a
                 Tyranny
                 :
                 
                   viz.
                
                 Wisdom
                 ,
                 and
                 Valour
                 .
                 For
                 that
                 men
                 of
                 spirit
                 and
                 understanding
                 ,
                 can
                 hardly
                 endure
                 a
                 Servile
                 State
                 .
                 
                 To
                 this
                 end
                 ,
                 to
                 forbid
                 learning
                 of
                 li●eral
                 Arts
                 ,
                 and
                 Martial
                 exercise
                 ;
                 As
                 in
                 the
                 
                   Rus●e
                   Government
                   ,
                
                 so
                 
                   Iulian
                
                 the
                 
                   Apo●tata
                
                 dealt
                 with
                 the
                 Christians
                 .
                 Contrarywise
                 ,
                 to
                 use
                 his
                 people
                 to
                 base
                 occup●tions
                 ,
                 and
                 Mechanical
                 Arts
                 ,
                 to
                 keep
                 them
                 from
                 idleness
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 put
                 away
                 from
                 them
                 all
                 high
                 thoughts
                 ,
                 and
                 manly
                 conceits
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 give
                 them
                 a
                 liberty
                 of
                 drinking
                 drunk
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 other
                 base
                 and
                 lewd
                 conditions
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 be
                 sotted
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 made
                 unfit
                 for
                 great
                 enterprises
                 .
                 So
                 the
                 
                   Egyptian
                
                 Kings
                 dealt
                 with
                 the
                 
                   Heb●ews
                
                 ;
                 So
                 the
                 
                   Russe
                
                 Emperour
                 with
                 his
                 
                   Russe
                
                 people
                 :
                 And
                 
                   Charles
                
                 the
                 fifth
                 with
                 the
                 
                   Neth●rlanders
                   ,
                
                 when
                 he
                 purposed
                 to
                 enclose
                 their
                 Priviledges
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 bring
                 them
                 under
                 his
                 absolute
                 Government
                 .
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 To
                 make
                 sure
                 to
                 him
                 ,
                 and
                 his
                 State
                 ,
                 his
                 
                   Military
                
                 men
                 by
                 reward
                 ,
                 liberty
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 means
                 ,
                 especially
                 ,
                 his
                 Guard
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   Praetorian
                   ●and
                
                 ;
                 That
                 being
                 partakers
                 of
                 the
                 spoil
                 and
                 benefit
                 ,
                 they
                 make
                 like
                 that
                 
                   State
                   ,
                
                 and
                 continue
                 firm
                 to
                 it
                 ;
                 as
                 the
                 
                   Turk
                   ,
                
                 his
                 
                   Ianizaries
                
                 ;
                 the
                 
                   Russe
                   ,
                
                 his
                 
                   Boyarens
                   ,
                
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 To
                 unarm
                 his
                 people
                 of
                 weapons
                 ,
                 money
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 means
                 ,
                 whereby
                 they
                 
                 may
                 resist
                 his
                 power
                 ;
                 And
                 to
                 that
                 end
                 ,
                 to
                 have
                 his
                 set
                 and
                 ordinary
                 exactions
                 ,
                 
                   viz.
                
                 Once
                 in
                 two
                 ,
                 three
                 ,
                 or
                 four
                 years
                 ,
                 and
                 sometimes
                 yearly
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 
                   Turk
                
                 and
                 
                   Russe
                
                 ;
                 who
                 is
                 wont
                 to
                 say
                 ,
                 
                   That
                   his
                   people
                   must
                   be
                   used
                   as
                   his
                   flock
                   of
                   sheep
                   ,
                
                 viz.
                 
                   Their
                   fle●c●
                   taken
                   from
                   them
                   ,
                   least
                   it
                   overlade
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   grow
                   too
                   heavy
                   ;
                   That
                   t●ey
                   are
                   like
                   to
                   his
                   beard
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   more
                   it
                   was
                   shaven
                   ,
                   the
                   thicker
                   it
                   would
                   grow
                   .
                
                 And
                 if
                 there
                 be
                 any
                 of
                 extraordinary
                 wealth
                 ,
                 to
                 borrow
                 of
                 them
                 in
                 the
                 mean
                 while
                 ,
                 till
                 the
                 Tax
                 come
                 about
                 ,
                 or
                 upon
                 some
                 devised
                 matter
                 ,
                 to
                 confiscate
                 their
                 goods
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 common
                 practise
                 is
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Russe
                
                 and
                 
                   Tu●k
                   .
                
              
               
                 4.
                 
                 To
                 be
                 still
                 in
                 Wars
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 end
                 ,
                 his
                 people
                 may
                 need
                 a
                 Captain
                 ;
                 and
                 that
                 his
                 Forces
                 may
                 be
                 kept
                 in
                 practise
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 
                   Russe
                
                 doth
                 yearly
                 against
                 the
                 
                   Tartar
                   ,
                   Pol●nian
                   ,
                
                 and
                 
                   Sweden
                   ,
                
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 5.
                 
                 To
                 cut
                 off
                 such
                 as
                 excel
                 the
                 rest
                 in
                 wealth
                 ,
                 favour
                 ,
                 or
                 nobil●ty
                 ;
                 or
                 be
                 of
                 a
                 pregnant
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 spiring
                 wit
                 ,
                 &
                 so
                 are
                 fearfull
                 to
                 a
                 Tyrant
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 suffer
                 none
                 to
                 hold
                 Office
                 ,
                 or
                 any
                 honour
                 ,
                 but
                 onely
                 of
                 him
                 ;
                 as
                 the
                 
                   Turk
                   ,
                
                 his
                 
                   Bas●●●s
                
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 
                   Russe
                   ,
                
                 his
                 
                   ●u●zzes
                   .
                
              
               
                 6.
                 
                 To
                 forbid
                 Guild●
                 ,
                 Brotherhoods
                 ,
                 Feastings
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Assemblies
                 among
                 
                 the
                 people
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 have
                 no
                 means
                 or
                 oportunity
                 to
                 conspire
                 ,
                 or
                 confer
                 together
                 of
                 publick
                 matters
                 ,
                 or
                 to
                 maintain
                 love
                 amongst
                 themselves
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 very
                 dangerous
                 to
                 a
                 Tyrant
                 ,
                 the
                 
                   Russes
                
                 practise
                 .
              
               
                 7.
                 
                 To
                 have
                 their
                 Beagles
                 ,
                 or
                 listeners
                 in
                 every
                 corner
                 ,
                 and
                 parts
                 of
                 the
                 Realm
                 ;
                 especially
                 ,
                 in
                 places
                 that
                 are
                 more
                 suspect
                 ,
                 to
                 learn
                 what
                 every
                 man
                 saith
                 ,
                 or
                 thinketh
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 prevent
                 all
                 attempts
                 ,
                 &
                 take
                 away
                 such
                 as
                 mislike
                 their
                 
                   State
                   .
                
              
               
                 8.
                 
                 To
                 make
                 Schism
                 ,
                 and
                 Division
                 among
                 his
                 Subjects
                 ,
                 
                   viz.
                
                 To
                 set
                 one
                 Noble
                 man
                 ,
                 against
                 another
                 ,
                 and
                 one
                 Rich
                 man
                 against
                 another
                 ,
                 that
                 through
                 Faction
                 &
                 disagreement
                 among
                 themselves
                 ,
                 they
                 may
                 be
                 weakened
                 ,
                 and
                 attempt
                 nothing
                 against
                 him
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 this
                 means
                 entertaining
                 whisperings
                 ,
                 and
                 complaints
                 ,
                 he
                 may
                 know
                 the
                 secrets
                 of
                 both
                 parts
                 ,
                 and
                 have
                 matter
                 against
                 them
                 both
                 ,
                 when
                 need
                 requireth
                 .
                 So
                 the
                 
                   Russe
                
                 made
                 the
                 Faction
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Ze●●ky
                   ,
                
                 and
                 the
                 
                   Oppress●nie
                   .
                
              
               
                 9.
                 
                 To
                 have
                 strangers
                 for
                 his
                 Guard
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 entertain
                 
                   Parasites
                   ,
                
                 and
                 other
                 base
                 and
                 servile
                 fellows
                 ,
                 not
                 too
                 wise
                 ,
                 and
                 yet
                 subtile
                 ,
                 that
                 will
                 be
                 ready
                 for
                 reward
                 to
                 do
                 and
                 execute
                 what
                 he
                 
                 commandeth
                 ,
                 though
                 never
                 so
                 wicked
                 and
                 unjust
                 .
                 For
                 that
                 good
                 men
                 cannot
                 flatter
                 ,
                 and
                 wise
                 men
                 cannot
                 serve
                 a
                 Tyrant
                 .
              
               
                 All
                 these
                 practises
                 ,
                 and
                 such
                 like
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 contracted
                 into
                 one
                 or
                 two
                 ,
                 
                   viz.
                
                 To
                 bereave
                 his
                 subjects
                 of
                 will
                 and
                 power
                 to
                 do
                 him
                 hurt
                 ,
                 or
                 to
                 alter
                 the
                 present
                 State
                 .
                 The
                 use
                 is
                 Caution
                 ,
                 not
                 Imitation
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 II.
                 Sophisms
                 of
                 the
                 Sophistical
                 ,
                 or
                 subtile
                 Tyrant
                 ,
                 to
                 hold
                 up
                 his
                 State
                 .
              
               
                 1.
                 
                 TO
                 make
                 shew
                 of
                 a
                 good
                 King
                 ,
                 by
                 observing
                 a
                 temper
                 and
                 mediocritie
                 in
                 his
                 Government
                 ,
                 and
                 whole
                 course
                 of
                 life
                 ;
                 To
                 which
                 end
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 necessary
                 ,
                 That
                 this
                 subtile
                 Tyrant
                 ,
                 be
                 a
                 cunning
                 Polititian
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 Machiavilian
                 at
                 the
                 least
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 he
                 be
                 taken
                 so
                 to
                 be
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 it
                 maketh
                 him
                 more
                 to
                 be
                 feared
                 and
                 regarded
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 thought
                 thereby
                 ,
                 not
                 unworthy
                 for
                 to
                 Govern
                 others
                 .
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 To
                 make
                 shew
                 not
                 of
                 severity
                 ,
                 but
                 of
                 gravity
                 ,
                 by
                 seeming
                 reverent
                 ,
                 
                 and
                 not
                 terrible
                 in
                 his
                 speech
                 ,
                 and
                 gesture
                 ,
                 and
                 habite
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 demeanour
                 .
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 To
                 pretend
                 care
                 of
                 the
                 Common-wealth
                 ;
                 And
                 to
                 that
                 end
                 ,
                 to
                 seem
                 loath
                 to
                 exact
                 Tributes
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Charges
                 ;
                 and
                 yet
                 to
                 make
                 necessity
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 where
                 none
                 is
                 :
                 To
                 that
                 end
                 ,
                 to
                 procure
                 such
                 War
                 as
                 can
                 bring
                 no
                 danger
                 toward
                 his
                 State
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 might
                 easily
                 be
                 compounded
                 ,
                 or
                 some
                 other
                 chargeable
                 business
                 ;
                 and
                 to
                 continue
                 it
                 on
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 may
                 continue
                 his
                 exaction
                 and
                 contribution
                 so
                 long
                 as
                 he
                 list
                 .
                 And
                 thereof
                 to
                 imploy
                 some
                 in
                 his
                 publick
                 Service
                 ,
                 the
                 rest
                 to
                 hoord
                 up
                 in
                 his
                 Treasury
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 sometimes
                 practised
                 even
                 by
                 lawfull
                 Princes
                 ,
                 as
                 
                   Edward
                
                 the
                 fourth
                 in
                 his
                 Wars
                 against
                 
                   France
                   ,
                
                 when
                 having
                 levied
                 a
                 great
                 sum
                 of
                 Money
                 throughout
                 his
                 ●ealm
                 ,
                 especially
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Londoners
                   ,
                
                 he
                 went
                 over
                 Seas
                 ,
                 and
                 returned
                 without
                 any
                 thing
                 doing
                 .
              
               
                 4.
                 
                 Sometimes
                 to
                 give
                 an
                 account
                 by
                 open
                 speech
                 ,
                 and
                 publick
                 writing
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 expence
                 of
                 such
                 Taxes
                 and
                 Impositions
                 ,
                 as
                 he
                 hath
                 rec●ived
                 of
                 his
                 ●ubjects
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 may
                 so
                 seem
                 to
                 be
                 a
                 good
                 Husband
                 ,
                 and
                 frugal
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 a
                 robber
                 of
                 the
                 Common-wealth
                 .
              
               
               
                 5.
                 
                 To
                 that
                 end
                 ,
                 to
                 bestow●
                 some
                 cost
                 upon
                 publick
                 buildings
                 ,
                 or
                 some
                 other
                 work
                 for
                 the
                 Common
                 good
                 ,
                 especially
                 upon
                 the
                 Ports
                 ,
                 Forts
                 ,
                 and
                 chief
                 Cities
                 of
                 his
                 Realm
                 ,
                 that
                 so
                 he
                 may
                 seem
                 a
                 benenefactour
                 ,
                 and
                 have
                 a
                 delight
                 in
                 the
                 adorning
                 of
                 his
                 Countrey
                 ,
                 or
                 doing
                 some
                 good
                 for
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 6.
                 
                 To
                 forbid
                 feastings
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 meetings
                 ,
                 which
                 increase
                 love
                 ,
                 and
                 give
                 opportunity
                 to
                 confer
                 together
                 of
                 publick
                 matters
                 ,
                 under
                 pretence
                 of
                 sparing
                 cost
                 for
                 better
                 uses
                 ,
                 To
                 that
                 end
                 ,
                 the
                 Curfieu
                 Bell
                 was
                 first
                 ordained
                 by
                 
                   William
                   the●
                   Conquerour
                   ,
                
                 to
                 give
                 men
                 warning
                 to
                 repair
                 home
                 at
                 a
                 certain
                 hour
                 .
              
               
                 7.
                 
                 To
                 take
                 heed
                 that
                 no
                 one
                 grow
                 to
                 be
                 over-great
                 ,
                 but
                 rather
                 ,
                 many
                 equally
                 great
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 envy
                 ,
                 and
                 contend
                 one
                 with
                 another
                 ;
                 and
                 if
                 he
                 resolve
                 to
                 weaken
                 any
                 of
                 this
                 sort
                 ,
                 to
                 do
                 it
                 warily
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 degrees
                 ;
                 If
                 quite
                 to
                 wreck
                 him
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 have
                 his
                 life
                 ,
                 yet
                 to
                 give
                 him
                 a
                 lawfull
                 tryal
                 ,
                 after
                 the
                 manner
                 of
                 his
                 Countrey
                 ;
                 And
                 if
                 he
                 proceed
                 so
                 far
                 with
                 any
                 of
                 great
                 power
                 and
                 estimation
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 do
                 him
                 contumely
                 ,
                 or
                 disgrace
                 ,
                 not
                 to
                 suffer
                 him
                 to
                 escape
                 ,
                 because
                 contumely
                 and
                 disgrace
                 ,
                 are
                 things
                 contrary
                 unto
                 Honour
                 ,
                 
                 which
                 great
                 spirits
                 do
                 most
                 desire
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 are
                 moved
                 rather
                 to
                 a
                 revenge
                 for
                 their
                 disgrace
                 ,
                 than
                 to
                 any
                 thankfulness
                 ,
                 or
                 acknowledging
                 the
                 Princes
                 favour
                 for
                 their
                 pardon
                 or
                 dismistion
                 ;
                 True
                 in
                 
                   Atheists
                   ,
                
                 but
                 not
                 in
                 true
                 
                   Christian
                   Nobilitie
                   .
                
              
               
                 8.
                 
                 To
                 unarm
                 his
                 people
                 ,
                 and
                 store
                 up
                 their
                 weapons
                 ,
                 under
                 pretence
                 of
                 keeping
                 them
                 safe
                 ,
                 and
                 having
                 them
                 ready
                 when
                 service
                 requireth
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 to
                 arm
                 with
                 them
                 ,
                 such
                 and
                 so
                 many
                 as
                 he
                 shall
                 think
                 meet
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 commit
                 them
                 to
                 such
                 as
                 are
                 sure
                 men
                 .
              
               
                 9.
                 
                 To
                 make
                 schism
                 or
                 division
                 under
                 hand
                 among
                 his
                 Nobility
                 ,
                 and
                 betwixt
                 the
                 Nobility
                 and
                 the
                 people
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 set
                 one
                 Rich
                 man
                 against
                 another
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 combine
                 no●
                 together
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 himself
                 by
                 hearing
                 the
                 grieff
                 and
                 complaints
                 ,
                 may
                 know
                 the
                 secrets
                 of
                 both
                 parts
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 have
                 matter
                 a●ainst
                 them
                 both
                 ,
                 when
                 it
                 listeth
                 him
                 to
                 call
                 them
                 to
                 an
                 account
                 .
              
               
                 10.
                 
                 To
                 offer
                 no
                 man
                 any
                 contumely
                 or
                 wrong
                 ,
                 specially
                 ,
                 about
                 womens
                 mat●ers
                 ,
                 by
                 attempting
                 the
                 chastity
                 of
                 their
                 Wives
                 or
                 Daughters
                 ,
                 which
                 hath
                 been
                 he
                 ruin
                 of
                 many
                 Tyrants
                 ,
                 and
                 conversion
                 of
                 their
                 States
                 .
                 As
                 of
                 
                   ●arquinius
                   ,
                
                 
                 by
                 
                   Brutus
                   ,
                   Appius
                   ,
                
                 by
                 
                   Virginius
                   ,
                   Pisistratus
                   ,
                
                 by
                 
                   Harmodius
                   ,
                   Alexander
                   Medices
                   ,
                
                 Duke
                 of
                 
                   Florence
                   ,
                   Aloisus
                
                 of
                 
                   Placentia
                   ,
                   Rodericus
                   ,
                
                 King
                 
                   of
                   Spain
                   ,
                
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 11.
                 
                 To
                 that
                 end
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 moderate
                 in
                 his
                 pleasures
                 ,
                 or
                 to
                 use
                 them
                 closely
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 be
                 not
                 seen
                 ;
                 For
                 that
                 men
                 sober
                 ,
                 or
                 watchfull
                 ,
                 or
                 such
                 as
                 seem
                 so
                 ,
                 are
                 not
                 lightly
                 subject
                 to
                 contempt
                 ,
                 or
                 conspiracies
                 of
                 their
                 own
                 .
              
               
                 12.
                 
                 To
                 reward
                 such
                 as
                 atchieve
                 some
                 great
                 or
                 commendable
                 enterprize
                 ;
                 or
                 do
                 any
                 special
                 action
                 ●or
                 the
                 Common-wealth
                 ,
                 in
                 that
                 manner
                 as
                 it
                 may
                 seem
                 ,
                 they
                 could
                 not
                 be
                 better
                 regarded
                 ,
                 in
                 case
                 they
                 lived
                 in
                 a
                 
                   Free-state
                   .
                
              
               
                 13.
                 
                 All
                 rewards
                 and
                 things
                 gratefull
                 ,
                 to
                 come
                 from
                 himself
                 ,
                 but
                 all
                 punishments
                 ,
                 exactions
                 ,
                 and
                 things
                 ungratefull
                 ,
                 to
                 come
                 from
                 his
                 Officers
                 ,
                 &
                 publick
                 Ministers
                 ;
                 And
                 when
                 he
                 hath
                 effected
                 what
                 he
                 would
                 by
                 them
                 ,
                 if
                 he
                 see
                 his
                 people
                 discontented
                 withall
                 ,
                 to
                 make
                 them
                 a
                 Sacrifice
                 to
                 pacifie
                 his
                 Subjects
                 .
              
               
                 14.
                 
                 To
                 pretend
                 great
                 care
                 of
                 Religion
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 serving
                 God
                 ,
                 (
                 which
                 hath
                 been
                 the
                 manner
                 of
                 the
                 wickedest
                 
                 Tyrants
                 )
                 for
                 that
                 people
                 do
                 less
                 fear
                 any
                 hurt
                 from
                 those
                 ,
                 whom
                 they
                 think
                 Virtuous
                 and
                 Religious
                 ,
                 nor
                 attempt
                 likely
                 to
                 do
                 them
                 hurt
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 they
                 think
                 that
                 God
                 protects
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 15.
                 
                 To
                 have
                 a
                 strong
                 &
                 sure
                 Guard
                 of
                 forreign
                 Souldiers
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 bind
                 them
                 by
                 good
                 turns
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 having
                 at
                 least
                 profit
                 ,
                 may
                 depend
                 upon
                 him
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 present
                 State
                 ;
                 As
                 
                   C●ligula
                   ,
                
                 the
                 
                   German
                
                 Guard
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Nobility
                 are
                 many
                 and
                 mighty
                 .
                 The
                 like
                 is
                 practised
                 by
                 Lawfull
                 Kings
                 ,
                 as
                 by
                 the
                 
                   French
                
                 King
                 .
              
               
                 16.
                 
                 To
                 procure
                 that
                 other
                 great
                 persons
                 bee
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 fault
                 ,
                 or
                 case
                 with
                 them
                 ,
                 that
                 for
                 that
                 cause
                 they
                 be
                 forced
                 to
                 defend
                 the
                 TYRANT
                 ,
                 for
                 their
                 own
                 safetie
              
               
                 17.
                 
                 To
                 take
                 part
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 joyn
                 himself
                 with
                 the
                 stronger
                 part
                 ;
                 if
                 the
                 Common
                 people
                 ,
                 and
                 mean
                 degree
                 be
                 the
                 stronger
                 ,
                 to
                 joyn
                 with
                 them
                 ;
                 if
                 the
                 Rich
                 and
                 Noble
                 ,
                 to
                 joyn
                 with
                 them
                 .
                 For
                 so
                 that
                 part
                 with
                 his
                 own
                 strength
                 ,
                 will
                 be
                 ever
                 able
                 to
                 overmatch
                 the
                 other
                 .
              
               
                 18.
                 
                 So
                 to
                 frame
                 his
                 manners
                 &
                 whole
                 behaviour
                 ,
                 as
                 that
                 he
                 may
                 seem
                 ,
                 if
                 
                 not
                 perfectly
                 good
                 ,
                 yet
                 tolerably
                 evil
                 ,
                 or
                 somewhat
                 good
                 ,
                 somewhat
                 bad
                 .
              
               
                 These
                 Rules
                 of
                 Hypocritical
                 Tyrants
                 ,
                 are
                 to
                 bee
                 known
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 be
                 avoyded
                 ,
                 and
                 met
                 withall
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 drawn
                 into
                 imimitation
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
               Preservation
               of
               an
               Aristocracie
               .
            
             
               RUles
               to
               preserve
               a
               
                 Senatory
                 State
                 ,
              
               are
               partly
               taken
               from
               the
               common
               Axioms
               ,
               and
               partly
               from
               those
               that
               preserve
               a
               Kingdom
               .
            
          
           
             
               Preservation
               of
               an
               
                 Oligarchie
                 ,
              
               by
               
                 
                   Sophisms
                   .
                
                 
                   Rules
                   .
                
              
            
             
               1.
               
               IN
               Consultations
               and
               Assemblies
               ,
               about
               publick
               affairs
               ,
               to
               order
               the
               matter
               ,
               that
               all
               may
               have
               liberty
               to
               frequent
               their
               Common
               Assemblies
               ,
               and
               Councels
               ,
               ;
               But
               to
               impose
               a
               Fine
               upon
               the
               richer
               sort
               ,
               if
               they
               omit
               that
               duty
               .
               On
               the
               other
               side
               ,
               to
               pardon
               the
               people
               ,
               if
               they
               absent
               themselves
               ,
               and
               to
               bear
               with
               them
               under
               
               pretence
               ,
               that
               they
               may
               the
               better
               intend
               their
               Occupations
               ,
               ,
               and
               not
               be
               hindered
               in
               their
               Trades
               ,
               and
               earnings
               .
            
             
               2.
               
               In
               Election
               of
               Magistrates
               ,
               and
               Officers
               :
               To
               suffer
               the
               poorer
               sort
               to
               vow
               ,
               and
               abjure
               the
               bearing
               of
               Office
               ,
               under
               colour
               of
               sparing
               them
               ,
               or
               to
               enjoyn
               some
               great
               charge
               ,
               as
               incident
               to
               the
               Office
               ,
               which
               the
               poor
               cannot
               bear
               .
               But
               to
               impose
               some
               great
               Fine
               upon
               those
               ,
               that
               be
               Rich
               ,
               if
               they
               refuse
               to
               bear
               Office
               ,
               being
               Elect
               unto
               it
               .
            
             
               3.
               
               In
               judicial
               matters
               :
               In
               like
               manner
               to
               order
               ,
               that
               the
               people
               may
               be
               absent
               from
               publick
               Trials
               ,
               under
               pretence
               of
               following
               their
               business
               .
               But
               the
               Richer
               to
               be
               present
               ,
               and
               to
               compel
               them
               by
               Fines
               ,
               to
               frequent
               the
               Court
               .
            
             
               4.
               
               In
               Warlike
               exercise
               and
               Arms
               :
               That
               the
               poor
               be
               not
               forced
               to
               have
               Armour
               ,
               Horse
               ,
               
                 &c.
              
               under
               pretence
               of
               sparing
               their
               cost
               ,
               nor
               to
               be
               drawn
               from
               their
               Trades
               by
               Martial
               Exercises
               ;
               but
               to
               compel
               the
               Richer
               sort
               to
               keep
               their
               proportion
               of
               Armor
               ,
               Horse
               ,
               
                 &c.
              
               by
               excessive
               Fines
               ,
               and
               to
               exercise
               themselves
               in
               War-like
               matters
               ,
               
                 &c.
                 
              
            
             
             
               5.
               
               To
               have
               special
               care
               of
               instructing
               their
               Children
               in
               liberal
               Arts
               ,
               Policie
               ,
               and
               Warlike
               exercise
               ,
               and
               to
               observe
               good
               order
               and
               discipline
               .
               For
               as
               
                 Popular
                 States
              
               are
               preserved
               by
               the
               frequencie
               ,
               and
               Liberty
               of
               the
               People
               ,
               so
               this
               Government
               of
               the
               Richer
               ,
               is
               preserved
               by
               discipline
               ,
               and
               
                 good
                 o●der
              
               of
               
                 Governours
                 .
              
            
             
               6.
               
               To
               provide
               good
               store
               of
               War-like
               furniture
               ,
               especially
               of
               
                 Horse
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Horse-men
                 ,
              
               and
               of
               
                 Armed
                 men
                 ,
              
               viz.
               
                 Pike
                 ,
              
               &c.
               which
               are
               proper
               to
               the
               gentry
               ,
               as
               
                 shot
                 ,
              
               and
               light
               furniture
               ,
               are
               for
               a
               
                 Popular
                 Companie
                 .
              
            
             
               7.
               
               To
               put
               in
               practise
               some
               points
               of
               a
               
                 Popular
                 state
                 ;
                 viz.
              
               To
               lade
               no
               one
               man
               with
               too
               much
               preferment
               ;
               To
               make
               yearly
               ,
               or
               half
               years
               Magistrates
               ,
               
                 &c.
                 
              
               For
               that
               the
               People
               are
               pleased
               with
               such
               things
               ,
               and
               they
               are
               better
               secured
               by
               this
               means
               from
               the
               Rule
               of
               one
               .
               And
               if
               any
               grow
               to
               too
               much
               greatness
               ,
               to
               abate
               him
               by
               the
               
                 Sophisms
              
               fit
               for
               this
               State
               .
            
             
               8.
               
               To
               commit
               the
               Offices
               and
               Magistracies
               ,
               to
               those
               that
               are
               best
               able
               to
               bear
               the
               greatest
               charges
               for
               publick
               matters
               ,
               which
               both
               tendeth
               to
               the
               conservation
               of
               this
               State
               ,
               and
               pleaseth
               the
               people
               ,
               for
               that
               they
               reap
               some
               
               relief
               ,
               and
               benefit
               by
               it
               .
            
             
               9.
               
               To
               the
               same
               end
               ,
               To
               contract
               marriages
               among
               themselves
               ,
               the
               rich
               with
               the
               rich
               ,
               
                 &c.
                 
              
            
             
               10.
               
               In
               some
               things
               which
               concern
               not
               the
               
                 Points
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 matters
                 of
                 State
                 ,
              
               as
               Electing
               Magistrates
               ,
               making
               Laws
               ,
               
                 &c.
              
               to
               giv●
               an
               equality
               ,
               or
               sometimes
               a
               preferment
               to
               the
               Common
               People
               ,
               and
               not
               to
               do
               ,
               as
               in
               some
               
                 Oligarchies
              
               they
               were
               wont
               ;
               
                 viz.
              
               To
               swear
               against
               the
               People
               ,
               to
               suppress
               and
               bridle
               them
               ;
               but
               rather
               contrary
               ;
               To
               minister
               an
               Oath
               at
               their
               admission
               ,
               
                 That
                 they
                 shall
                 do
                 no
                 wrong
                 to
                 any
                 of
                 the
                 People
              
               ;
               and
               if
               any
               of
               the
               richer
               offer
               
                 wrong
              
               to
               any
               of
               the
               
                 Commons
                 ,
              
               to
               shew
               some
               example
               of
               severe
               punishment
               .
            
             
               For
               other
               
                 Axioms
              
               that
               preserve
               this
               State
               ,
               they
               are
               to
               be
               borrowed
               from
               those
               other
               rules
               that
               tend
               to
               the
               preserving
               of
               a
               
                 Popular
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Tyrannical
                 State
              
               ;
               for
               the
               strict
               kind
               of
               
                 Oligarchie
                 ,
              
               is
               kin
               to
               a
               Tyranny
               .
            
          
           
           
             
               Preservation
               of
               a
               popular
               State
               ;
               
                 
                   
                     Sophisms
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Rules
                  
                   or
                   
                     Axioms
                     .
                  
                
              
            
             
               1.
               
               IN
               publick
               Assemblies
               and
               Consultations
               about
               matters
               of
               State
               ,
               creating
               of
               Magistrates
               ,
               publick
               Justice
               ,
               and
               Exercise
               of
               arms
               ,
               to
               practise
               the
               contrary
               to
               the
               former
               kind
               of
               Government
               ,
               to
               wit
               ,
               an
               
                 Oligarc●ie
                 .
              
               For
               in
               Popular
               States
               ,
               the
               Commons
               and
               meaner
               sort
               are
               to
               be
               drawn
               to
               those
               Assemblies
               ,
               Magistrates
               ,
               Offices
               ,
               War-like
               Exercises
               ,
               
                 &c.
              
               by
               mulcts
               and
               rewards
               ,
               and
               the
               richer
               sort
               are
               to
               be
               spared
               ,
               and
               not
               to
               be
               forced
               by
               fine
               ,
               or
               otherwise
               ,
               to
               frequent
               these
               Exercises
               .
            
             
               2.
               
               To
               make
               shew
               of
               honouring
               and
               reverencing
               the
               richer
               men
               ,
               and
               not
               to
               swear
               against
               them
               ,
               as
               the
               manner
               hath
               been
               in
               some
               Popular
               States
               ;
               but
               rather
               to
               preferre
               them
               in
               all
               other
               matters
               ,
               that
               concern
               not
               the
               State
               and
               publick
               Government
               .
            
             
               3.
               
               To
               elect
               Magistrates
               from
               among
               the
               Common●
               by
               Lot
               ,
               or
               Ballating
               ,
               and
               not
               to
               choose
               any
               for
               their
               wealths
               sake
               .
            
             
               4.
               
               To
               take
               heed
               ,
               that
               no
               mā
               bear
               office
               twice
               ,
               except
               it
               be
               Military
               ,
               where
               the
               pay
               ,
               and
               salary
               ,
               
                 &c.
              
               is
               to
               be
               reserved
               in
               
               their
               own
               hands
               ,
               to
               be
               disposed
               of
               by
               a
               Common-Councel
               ,
               
                 &c.
                 
              
               And
               to
               see
               that
               no
               man
               be
               too
               highly
               preferred
               .
            
             
               5.
               
               That
               no
               Magistracy
               be
               perpetual
               ,
               but
               as
               short
               as
               may
               be
               ,
               to
               wit
               ,
               for
               a
               a
               year
               ,
               half
               year
               ,
               
                 &c.
                 
              
            
             
               6.
               
               To
               compel
               Magistrates
               when
               their
               time
               expireth
               ,
               to
               give
               an
               accompt
               of
               their
               behaviour
               and
               government
               ,
               and
               that
               publickly
               before
               the
               Commons
               .
            
             
               7.
               
               To
               have
               publick
               Salaries
               and
               allowance
               for
               their
               Magistrates
               ,
               Judges
               ,
               
                 &c.
                 
              
               And
               yearly
               dividents
               for
               the
               common
               people
               ,
               and
               such
               as
               have
               most
               need
               among
               them
               .
            
             
               8.
               
               To
               make
               Judges
               of
               all
               matters
               out
               of
               all
               sorts
               ,
               so
               they
               have
               some
               aptness
               to
               perform
               that
               duty
               .
            
             
               9.
               
               To
               provide
               that
               publick
               Judgements
               and
               Trials
               be
               not
               frequent
               ;
               and
               to
               that
               end
               to
               inflict
               great
               Fines
               and
               other
               punishments
               upon
               Pettifoggers
               and
               Dilators
               ,
               as
               the
               law
               of
               requital
               ,
               
                 &c.
                 
              
               Because
               for
               the
               most
               part
               the
               richer
               and
               nobler
               ,
               and
               not
               the
               Commons
               are
               indited
               and
               accused
               in
               this
               Common-wealth
               ,
               which
               causeth
               the
               rich
               to
               conspire
               against
               the
               State
               ;
               whereby
               many
               times
               the
               popular
               State
               is
               turned
               into
               an
               
                 Oligarchie
                 ,
              
               or
               some
               other
               Government
               .
               
               Hereto
               tendeth
               that
               Art
               of
               Civil
               Law
               ,
               made
               against
               Accusers
               and
               Calumniatours
               :
               
                 Ad
                 S●natus-consultum
                 Turpilianum
                 ,
              
               l.
               1.
               
                 de
                 Calumniatoribus
                 .
              
            
             
               10.
               
               In
               such
               free
               States
               as
               are
               popular
               ,
               and
               have
               no
               revenue
               ,
               to
               provide
               that
               publick
               Assemblies
               be
               not
               after
               :
               because
               they
               want
               salary
               for
               Pleaders
               and
               Oratours
               ;
               And
               if
               they
               be
               rich
               ;
               yet
               to
               be
               wary
               ,
               that
               all
               the
               revenue
               be
               not
               divided
               amongst
               the
               Commons
               .
               For
               ,
               that
               this
               distribution
               of
               the
               Common
               revenue
               among
               the
               multitude
               ,
               is
               like
               a
               purse
               or
               barrel
               without
               a
               bottom
               .
               But
               to
               provide
               ,
               that
               a
               sufficient
               part
               of
               the
               revenue
               be
               stored
               up
               for
               the
               publick
               affairs
               .
            
             
               11.
               
               If
               the
               number
               of
               the
               poor
               encrease
               too
               much
               in
               this
               kind
               of
               State
               ,
               to
               send
               some
               abroad
               out
               of
               the
               Cities
               into
               the
               next
               Countrey
               places
               ,
               and
               to
               provide
               above
               all
               ,
               that
               none
               do
               live
               idly
               ,
               but
               be
               set
               to
               their
               trades
               .
               To
               this
               end
               ,
               to
               provide
               that
               the
               richer
               men
               place
               in
               their
               Farms
               and
               Coppiholds
               ,
               such
               decayed
               Citizens
               .
            
             
               12.
               
               To
               be
               well
               advised
               what
               is
               good
               for
               this
               State
               ,
               and
               not
               to
               suppose
               that
               to
               be
               fit
               for
               a
               popular
               State
               ,
               that
               seemeth
               most
               popular
               ;
               but
               that
               which
               is
               ●est
               for
               the
               continuance
               thereof
               :
               And
               
               to
               that
               end
               ,
               not
               to
               lay
               into
               the
               
                 Exchequer
                 ,
              
               or
               
                 Common-Treasurie
                 ,
              
               such
               goods
               as
               are
               confiscate
               ,
               but
               to
               store
               them
               up
               as
               holy
               and
               consecrate
               things
               ,
               which
               except
               it
               be
               practised
               ,
               confiscations
               ,
               and
               fines
               of
               the
               Common
               people
               would
               be
               frequent
               ,
               and
               so
               this
               State
               would
               decay
               by
               weakening
               the
               people
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             Conversion
             of
             States
             in
             general
             .
          
           
             COnversion
             of
             a
             State
             ,
             is
             the
             declining
             of
             the
             Common-wealth
             ,
             either
             to
             some
             other
             form
             of
             Government
             ,
             or
             to
             his
             full
             and
             last
             period
             appointed
             by
             God
             .
          
           
             
               Causes
               of
               conversions
               of
               States
               are
               of
               two
               sorts
               :
               General
               and
               Particular
               .
            
             
               
                 GEneral
                 ,
              
               (
               
                 viz.
              
               )
               1.
               
               Want
               of
               Religion
               :
               
                 viz.
              
               of
               the
               true
               knowledge
               and
               worship
               of
               God
               ,
               prescribed
               in
               his
               word
               ;
               and
               notable
               sins
               that
               proceed
               from
               thence
               in
               Prince
               and
               people
               ,
               as
               in
               the
               examples
               of
               
                 Saul
                 ,
                 Uzziah
                 ,
              
               the
               Jewish
               State
               ;
               the
               four
               Monarchies●●nd
               all
               other
               .
            
             
             
               2.
               
               Want
               of
               wisdom
               and
               good
               Councel
               to
               keep
               the
               State
               ,
               the
               Prince
               ,
               Nobles
               ,
               and
               people
               in
               good
               temper
               ,
               and
               due
               proportion
               ,
               according
               to
               thei●
               several
               orders
               and
               decrees
               .
            
             
               3.
               
               Want
               of
               Justice
               ,
               either
               in
               administration
               (
               as
               ill
               Lawes
               ,
               or
               ill
               Magistrates
               )
               or
               in
               the
               execution
               ,
               as
               rewards
               not
               given
               where
               they
               should
               be
               ,
               or
               there
               ●estowed
               where
               they
               should
               not
               be
               ,
               or
               punishments
               not
               inflicted
               where
               they
               should
               be
               .
            
             
               4.
               
               Want
               of
               power
               and
               sufficiency
               to
               maintain
               and
               defend
               it self
               ;
               
                 viz.
              
               Of
               provision
               ,
               as
               Armour
               ,
               Money
               ,
               Captains
               ,
               Souldiers
               ,
               
                 &c.
                 
              
               Execution
               ,
               when
               the
               means
               or
               provision
               is
               not
               used
               ,
               or
               ill
               used
               .
            
             
               2.
               
               
                 Particular
                 :
              
               To
               be
               noted
               and
               collected
               out
               of
               the
               contraries
               of
               those
               rules
               ,
               that
               are
               prescribed
               for
               the
               preservation
               of
               the
               Common-wealths
               .
            
          
           
             
               Particular
               causes
               of
               Conversion
               of
               States
               ,
               are
               of
               two
               sorts
               .
            
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 
                   FOrreign
                   :
                
                 By
                 the
                 over-greatness
                 of
                 invasion
                 of
                 some
                 forreign
                 Kingdom
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 State
                 of
                 meaner
                 
                 power
                 ,
                 having
                 a
                 part
                 within
                 our
                 own
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 to
                 ●e
                 prevented
                 by
                 the
                 providence
                 of
                 the
                 chief
                 ,
                 and
                 rules
                 of
                 policy
                 for
                 the
                 preserving
                 of
                 every
                 State
                 .
                 This
                 ●alleth
                 out
                 very
                 seldom
                 for
                 the
                 great
                 diff●cul●y
                 to
                 overthrow
                 a
                 forreign
                 State
                 .
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 
                   Domestick
                   :
                
                 
                   
                     Sedition
                     or
                     open
                     violence
                     by
                     the
                     stronger
                     part
                     .
                  
                   
                     Alteration
                     without
                     violence
                     .
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 Sedition
                 .
              
               
                 
                   SEdition
                
                 is
                 a
                 power
                 of
                 inferiours
                 opposing
                 it self
                 with
                 force
                 of
                 Arms
                 against
                 the
                 superiour
                 power
                 ,
                 
                   Quasi
                   ditio
                   secedens
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Causes
                   of
                   Sedition
                   are
                   of
                   two
                   sorts
                   .
                
                 
                   1.
                   
                   
                     General
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Liberty
                    
                  
                   
                     
                       
                         Richer
                      
                    
                     
                       WHen
                       they
                       ,
                       that
                       are
                       of
                       equal
                       quality
                       in
                       a
                       Commō-wealth
                       ,
                       or
                       do
                       take
                       themselves
                       so
                       to
                       be
                       ,
                       are
                       not
                       regarded
                       equally
                       in
                       all
                       ,
                       or
                       in
                       any
                       of
                       these
                       three
                       .
                    
                     
                       Or
                       ,
                       when
                       they
                       are
                       
                       so
                       unequal
                       in
                       quality
                       ,
                       or
                       take
                       themselves
                       so
                       to
                       be
                       ,
                       are
                       regarded
                       but
                       equally
                       ,
                       or
                       with
                       less
                       respect
                       than
                       those
                       that
                       be
                       of
                       less
                       de●ect
                       in
                       these
                       three
                       things
                       ,
                       or
                       in
                       any
                       of
                       them
                       .
                    
                  
                   
                     
                       Honour
                    
                  
                
                 
                   1.
                   
                   
                     IN
                     the
                     Chief
                     :
                  
                   Covetousness
                   or
                   oppression
                   ,
                   by
                   the
                   Magistrate
                   or
                   higher
                   Power
                   ,
                   (
                   
                     viz.
                  
                   )
                   when
                   the
                   Magistrates
                   ,
                   especially
                   the
                   Chief
                   ,
                   encreaseth
                   his
                   substance
                   and
                   revenue
                   beyond
                   measure
                   ,
                   either
                   with
                   the
                   publick
                   or
                   (
                   private
                   calamity
                   ,
                   whereby
                   the
                   Governours
                   grow
                   to
                   quarrel
                   among
                   themselves
                   as
                   in
                   
                     Olygarchies
                  
                   )
                   or
                   the
                   other
                   degrees
                   conspire
                   together
                   ,
                   and
                   make
                   quarrel
                   against
                   the
                   Chief
                   ,
                   as
                   in
                   Kingdoms
                   :
                   The
                   examples
                   of
                   
                     Wat
                     Tyler
                     ,
                     Iack
                     Straw
                     ,
                  
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   2.
                   
                   
                     In
                     the
                     Chief
                     :
                  
                   Injury
                   ,
                   when
                   great
                   Spirits
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   great
                   power
                   ,
                   are
                   greatly
                   wronged
                   and
                   dishonoured
                   ,
                   or
                   take
                   themselves
                   so
                   to
                   be
                   ,
                   as
                   
                     Coriolanus
                     ,
                     Cyrus
                     minor
                     ,
                  
                   Earl
                   of
                   
                     Warwick
                     .
                  
                   In
                   which
                   cases
                   the
                   best
                   way
                   is
                   to
                   decide
                   the
                   wrong
                   .
                
                 
                   3.
                   
                   Preferment
                   ,
                   or
                   want
                   of
                   preferment
                   ;
                   wherein
                   some
                   have
                   over-much
                   ,
                   
                   and
                   so
                   wax
                   proud
                   and
                   aspire
                   higher
                   :
                   or
                   have
                   more
                   or
                   less
                   ,
                   than
                   they
                   deserve
                   as
                   they
                   suppose
                   ;
                   &
                   so
                   in
                   envy
                   and
                   disda●
                   ,
                   seek
                   Innovation
                   by
                   open
                   faction
                   ,
                   so
                   
                     Caesar
                     ,
                  
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   4.
                   
                   Some
                   great
                   nec●ssity
                   or
                   calamity
                   ;
                   So
                   
                     Xerxes
                  
                   after
                   the
                   ●oil
                   of
                   his
                   great
                   Army
                   .
                   And
                   
                     Sena●harib
                  
                   after
                   the
                   loss
                   of
                   185.
                   in
                   one
                   night
                   .
                
                 
                   2.
                   
                   
                     Particular
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     1.
                     
                     
                       ENvie
                       ,
                    
                     when
                     the
                     chief
                     exceed
                     the
                     mediocri●y
                     before
                     mentioned
                     ,
                     and
                     so
                     provoketh
                     the
                     Nobility
                     ,
                     and
                     other
                     degrees
                     ,
                     to
                     conspire
                     against
                     him
                     ;
                     as
                     
                       Brutus
                       Cassius
                       ,
                       &c.
                    
                     against
                     
                       Caesar
                       .
                    
                  
                   
                     2.
                     
                     
                       Fear
                       ,
                       viz.
                    
                     Of
                     danger
                     ,
                     when
                     one
                     or
                     more
                     dispatch
                     the
                     Prince
                     ,
                     by
                     secret
                     practice
                     or
                     force
                     ,
                     to
                     prevent
                     his
                     own
                     danger
                     ,
                     as
                     
                       Artab●nus
                    
                     did
                     
                       Xerxes
                       .
                    
                  
                   
                     3.
                     
                     
                       Lust
                    
                     or
                     
                       Lecherie
                       ,
                    
                     as
                     
                       Tarquinius
                       Superbus
                       ,
                    
                     by
                     
                       Brutus
                       ;
                       Pisistratindae
                       ,
                    
                     by
                     
                       Armodius
                       ;
                       Appius
                    
                     by
                     
                       Virginius
                       .
                    
                  
                   
                     4.
                     
                     
                       Contempt
                    
                     ;
                     For
                     vile
                     quality
                     &
                     base
                     behaviour
                     ,
                     as
                     
                       Sardanapalus
                    
                     by
                     
                       Arbaces
                       ;
                       Dionysius
                    
                     the
                     younger
                     by
                     
                       Dion
                       .
                    
                  
                   
                   
                     5.
                     
                     
                       Contumely
                    
                     ;
                     When
                     some
                     great
                     disgrace
                     is
                     done
                     to
                     some
                     of
                     great
                     Spirit
                     ,
                     who
                     standeth
                     upon
                     his
                     honour
                     and
                     reputation
                     ,
                     as
                     
                       Caligula
                    
                     by
                     
                       Chaereas
                       .
                    
                  
                   
                     6.
                     
                     
                       Hope
                    
                     of
                     
                       Advancement
                       ,
                    
                     or
                     some
                     great
                     profit
                     ,
                     as
                     
                       Mituridates
                       ,
                       Anobarsanes
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Chief
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Other
                     d●gr●es
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Other
                     degrees
                     .
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 Alteration
                 without
                 violence
                 .
              
               
                 CAuses
                 of
                 alteration
                 without
                 violence
                 are
                 ;
                 1.
                 
                 
                   Excess
                
                 of
                 the
                 State
                 ;
                 when
                 by
                 degrees
                 the
                 State
                 groweth
                 from
                 that
                 temper
                 and
                 mediocrity
                 wherein
                 it
                 was
                 ,
                 or
                 should
                 have
                 been
                 setled
                 ,
                 and
                 exceedeth
                 in
                 power
                 ,
                 riches
                 ,
                 and
                 absoluteness
                 in
                 his
                 kind
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 ambition
                 and
                 covetousness
                 of
                 the
                 Chiefs
                 immoderate
                 taxes
                 ,
                 and
                 impositions
                 ,
                 
                   &c.
                
                 applying
                 all
                 to
                 his
                 own
                 benefi●
                 ,
                 without
                 respect
                 of
                 other
                 degrees
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 in
                 the
                 end
                 changeth
                 it self
                 into
                 another
                 State
                 or
                 form
                 of
                 Government
                 ,
                 as
                 a
                 Kingdom
                 into
                 a
                 Tyranny
                 ,
                 an
                 
                   Oligarch●●
                
                 into
                 an
                 
                   Aristocraci●
                   .
                
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 
                   Excess
                   ,
                
                 of
                 some
                 one
                 or
                 more
                 in
                 the
                 Common-wealth
                 ;
                 
                   viz.
                
                 When
                 some
                 one
                 or
                 more
                 in
                 a
                 Common-wealth
                 
                 grow
                 to
                 an
                 excellency
                 or
                 excess
                 above
                 the
                 rest
                 ,
                 either
                 in
                 honour
                 ,
                 wealth
                 ,
                 or
                 virtu●
                 ;
                 and
                 so
                 by
                 permission
                 and
                 popular
                 favour
                 ,
                 are
                 advanced
                 to
                 the
                 Sovereignty
                 :
                 By
                 which
                 means
                 ,
                 popular
                 States
                 grow
                 into
                 
                   Oliga●chies
                
                 ;
                 and
                 
                   Oligarchi●s
                
                 and
                 
                   Aristocracies
                
                 into
                 
                   Monarchi●s
                   .
                
                 For
                 which
                 cause
                 the
                 
                   Athenians
                
                 and
                 some
                 other
                 free
                 States
                 ,
                 made
                 their
                 Laws
                 of
                 
                   Ostrocismos
                   ,
                
                 to
                 banish
                 any
                 for
                 a
                 time
                 that
                 should
                 excel
                 ,
                 though
                 it
                 were
                 in
                 virtue
                 ,
                 to
                 prevent
                 the
                 alteration
                 of
                 their
                 State
                 ;
                 which
                 because
                 it
                 is
                 an
                 unjust
                 Law
                 ,
                 't
                 is
                 better
                 to
                 take
                 heed
                 at
                 the
                 beginning
                 to
                 prevent
                 the
                 means
                 ,
                 that
                 none
                 should
                 grow
                 to
                 that
                 heigth
                 and
                 excellency
                 ,
                 than
                 to
                 use
                 so
                 sharp
                 and
                 unjust
                 a
                 remedy
                 .
              
            
          
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
      
       
       
       
         
           A
           METHOD
           ,
           how
           to
           make
           use
           of
           the
           Book
           before
           ,
           in
           the
           reading
           of
           the
           Story
           .
        
         
           
             DAVID
          
           being
           seventie
           years
           of
           age
           ,
           was
           of
           wisdom
           ,
           Memorie
           ,
           
             &c.
          
           sufficient
           to
           gouern
           his
           Kingdom
           ;
           
             1.
             Reg.
             Cap.
             1.
             
          
        
         
           
             Old
             age
             is
             not
             ever
             unfit
             for
             publick
             Government
             .
          
           
             
               DAvid
            
             being
             of
             great
             years
             ,
             and
             so
             having
             a
             cold
             ,
             drie
             ,
             and
             impotent
             bodi●
             ,
             married
             with
             
               Abishag
               ,
            
             a
             fair
             maid
             of
             the
             best
             complexion
             through
             the
             whole
             Realm
             ,
             to
             revive
             his
             bodie
             and
             prolong
             his
             life
             ,
             
               1.
               Reg.
               Chap.
               1.
               verse
               .
               3.
               
            
          
        
         
         
           
             Example
             of
             the
             like
             practise
             in
             
               Charles
            
             the
             fifth
             .
          
           
             
               DAvid
            
             being
             old
             and
             impotent
             of
             bo●t●
             ,
             by
             the
             advise
             of
             h●s
             Nobles
             and
             P●isitians
             ,
             marri●d
             a
             young
             maid
             call●d
             
               Abishag
               ,
            
             to
             warm
             and
             pres●rve
             his
             old
             bodi●
             .
          
        
         
           
             Observation
             .
          
           
             VVH●ther
             
               David
            
             did
             well
             in
             m●●rying
             a
             maid
             ?
             and
             whether
             it
             be
             lawfull
             for
             an
             old
             decayed
             and
             impotent
             man
             ,
             to
             marrie
             a
             young
             woman
             ;
             or
             on
             the
             other
             side
             ,
             for
             an
             old
             ,
             worn
             ,
             and
             decrepite
             woman
             ,
             to
             marrie
             a
             young
             and
             lustie
             man
             ?
          
        
         
           
             For
             the
             affirmative
             .
          
           
             
               ARG.
            
             The
             end
             of
             marriage
             is
             Societie
             and
             mutual
             comfort
             ;
             b●●
             th●r●
             may
             be
             Soci●tie
             and
             mutual
             comfort
             in
             a
             marriage
             betwixt
             an
             old
             ,
             and
             young
             partie
             ;
             
               Ergo
               ,
               't
               is
               Lawful
               .
            
          
           
             
               Answ.
            
             Societie
             and
             comfort
             is
             a
             cause
             &
             effect
             of
             marriage
             ;
             but
             none
             of
             the
             principal
             
             ends
             of
             marriage
             :
             which
             are
             :
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 Pr●creation
                 of
                 children
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 the
                 continuance
                 o●
                 mankind
                 .
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 The
                 av●iding
                 of
                 Fornication
                 .
              
            
          
           
             As
             for
             comfort
             and
             societie
             they
             may
             be
             betwixt
             man
             and
             man
             ,
             woman
             and
             woman
             ,
             where
             no
             marriage
             is
             ,
             and
             therefore
             no
             proper
             ends
             of
             marri●ge
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             Negative
             .
          
           
             
               ARG.
               1.
               
            
             That
             conjunction
             which
             hath
             no
             respect
             to
             the
             right
             and
             proper
             ends
             ,
             for
             which
             marriage
             was
             ●rdained
             by
             God
             ,
             is
             no
             lawfull
             marriage
             .
             But
             the
             conjunction
             betwixt
             an
             old
             im●otent
             ,
             and
             young
             partie
             hath
             no
             respect
             t●
             th●●●ght
             end
             ,
             for
             which
             marriage
             was
             ordain●d
             by
             God
             .
             
               There●ore
               it
               is
               no
               lawful
               marriage
               .
            
          
           
             2.
             
             No
             contract
             ,
             wherein
             the
             part●e
             cont●acting
             ,
             bindeth
             himself
             to
             an
             impossible
             condition
             ,
             or
             to
             do
             that
             which
             he
             cannot
             do
             ,
             is
             good
             or
             lawfull
             .
             But
             the
             contract
             o●
             marriage
             by
             an
             impoten●
             person
             ,
             wit●
             a
             young
             partie
             ,
             bindeth
             him
             to
             an
             impossible
             condition
             to
             do
             that
             which
             he
             cannot
             d●
             ,
             
               viz.
            
             to
             perfo●m
             the
             duties
             of
             Marriage
             ;
             Therefore
             it
             is
             unlawfull
             .
          
           
           
             For
             the
             same
             cause
             ,
             the
             civil
             Law
             determineth
             a
             nullity
             in
             these
             m●r●iages
             ,
             except
             the
             woman
             know
             before
             the
             infi●mitie
             of
             the
             man
             ,
             in
             which
             case
             she
             ca●
             have
             no
             wrong
             ,
             being
             a
             thing
             done
             with
             her
             own
             knowledge
             and
             cons●nt
             ,
             because
             
               Volenti
               non
               fit
               injuria
               :
               —
               In
               legem
               Julian
               .
               de
               adulteriis
               leg.
               Si
               uxor
               ,
            
             &c.
             
          
           
             It
             provideth
             further
             ,
             ●or
             the
             more
             certaintie
             of
             the
             infirmiti●
             ,
             That
             three
             years
             be
             expired
             before
             the
             dissolution
             of
             the
             marriage
             ,
             because
             that
             men
             that
             have
             been
             infirm
             at
             the
             first
             ,
             by
             reason
             of
             sickness
             ,
             or
             some
             other
             accident
             ,
             afterwards
             proved
             to
             be
             sufficient
             :
             
               De
               repudiis
               leg.
               in
               causis
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             Defence
             for
             
               David
               ,
            
             in
             marrying
             
               Abishag
               .
            
          
           
             IT
             was
             rather
             a
             Medicine
             ,
             than
             a
             marriage
             ,
             without
             any
             evil
             ,
             or
             disordered
             aff●ction
             .
          
           
             
               2.
               
            
             It
             was
             by
             the
             perswasion
             of
             his
             Nobles
             ,
             and
             Phisiti●ns
             .
          
           
             
               3.
               
            
             It
             was
             for
             the
             publick
             good
             ,
             to
             prolong
             the
             life
             of
             a
             worthie
             Prince
             .
          
           
             
               4.
               
            
             It
             was
             with
             the
             knowledge
             and
             consent
             of
             the
             young
             maid
             ,
             who
             was
             made
             
             acquainted
             with
             the
             Kings
             infirmitie
             ,
             and
             to
             what
             end
             she
             was
             married
             unto
             him
             ;
             who
             if
             she
             did
             it
             for
             the
             common
             good
             ,
             and
             for
             duties
             sake
             ,
             having
             withall
             the
             gift
             of
             continencie
             ,
             she
             is
             to
             be
             commended
             ;
             if
             for
             ambition
             ,
             or
             some
             vain
             respect
             ,
             it
             is
             ●er
             own
             ,
             and
             not
             
               Davids
            
             fault
             .
          
        
         
           
             Political
             Nobilitie
             .
             
               Adoniah
            
             aspiring
             to
             the
             Kingdom
             .
          
           
             
               FIrst
               ,
               took
               the
               advantage
               of
               
                 Davids
              
               affection
               and
               kindness
               towards
               him
               ,
               and
               made
               him
               secure
               of
               any
               ill
               dealing
               .
            
             
               Secondly
               ,
               of
               his
               age
               and
               infirmities
               ,
               disabling
               his
               Father
               as
               unfit
               for
               Government
               .
            
             
               Thirdly
               ,
               blazed
               his
               title
               ,
               and
               Right
               to
               the
               Crown
               .
            
             
               Fourthly
               ,
               got
               him
               Chariots
               ,
               Horsemen
               ,
               and
               Footmen
               ,
               and
               a
               guard
               to
               make
               shew
               of
               State
               .
            
             
               Fifthly
               ,
               being
               a
               comly
               ,
               and
               goodly
               Person
               ,
               made
               a
               popular
               shew
               of
               himself
               ,
               and
               his
               qualities
               .
            
             
             
               Sixtly
               ,
               joyned
               to
               himself
               in
               Faction
               ,
               
                 Joab
                 ,
              
               the
               General
               of
               the
               Armie
               ,
               who
               was
               in
               displeasure
               for
               murthering
               of
               
                 Abner
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Amaza
                 ,
              
               and
               feared
               that
               
                 David
              
               would
               supplie
               
                 Benajah
              
               in
               his
               place
               ,
               and
               so
               was
               discontented
               .
               And
               
                 Abiather
              
               the
               high
               Priest
               ,
               that
               was
               likewise
               discontented
               with
               
                 David
                 ,
              
               for
               the
               preferment
               of
               
                 Zadoch
                 .
              
            
             
               Seventhly
               ,
               had
               meetings
               with
               them
               ,
               and
               other
               his
               confederates
               ,
               under
               pretence
               of
               a
               vovv
               ,
               and
               offering
               at
               the
               Fountain
               of
               
                 Raguel
                 ,
              
               in
               the
               co●●ines
               of
               
                 Judea
                 .
              
            
             
               Eightly
               ,
               made
               a
               shevv
               of
               Religion
               by
               Sacrificing
               ,
               
                 &c.
                 
              
            
             
               Ninthly
               ,
               made
               himself
               familiar
               vvith
               the
               Nobles
               and
               people
               ,
               and
               entertai●●d
               them
               vvith
               feasting
               .
            
             
               Tenthly
               ,
               drevv
               into
               his
               part
               the
               chief
               Officers
               of
               the
               Court
               ,
               and
               Servants
               to
               the
               King
               ,
               by
               revvards
               ,
               Familiaritie
               ,
               
                 &c.
                 
              
            
             
               Eleventhly
               ,
               disgraced
               and
               abased
               the
               Competitour
               ,
               and
               such
               as
               he
               knevv
               vvould
               take
               part
               vvith
               him
               ,
               and
               concealeth
               his
               ambition
               ,
               and
               purpose
               from
               them
               .
            
             
               Tvvelftly
               ,
               had
               
                 Jonathan
              
               a
               Favorite
               of
               the
               Court
               ,
               and
               near
               about
               the
               King
               to
               give
               him
               intelligence
               ,
               if
               any
               thing
               vvere
               discovered
               ,
               and
               moved
               at
               the
               Court
               ,
               
               whilest
               himself
               was
               in
               hand
               about
               his
               practise
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             OBSERVATIONS
             .
             Waies
             of
             such
             as
             aspire
             to
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             &
             marks
             to
             discern
             them
             .
          
           
             
               FIrst
               ,
               they
               wind
               into
               the
               Princes
               favour
               by
               service
               ,
               officiousness
               ,
               flatterie
               ,
               
                 &c.
              
               to
               plant
               him
               in
               a
               good
               opinion
               of
               their
               loyaltie
               and
               faithfulness
               ,
               thereby
               to
               make
               him
               secure
               of
               their
               practises
               .
            
             
               
                 2.
                 
              
               They
               take
               advantage
               of
               the
               Princes
               infirmities
               ,
               age
               ,
               impotencie
               ,
               negligence
               ,
               sex
               ,
               
                 &c.
                 
              
               And
               work
               upon
               that
               by
               disabling
               the
               Prince
               ,
               and
               secret
               detracting
               of
               his
               State
               ,
               and
               Government
               .
            
             
               
                 3.
                 
              
               They
               blaze
               their
               Title
               ,
               and
               claim
               to
               the
               Crown
               ,
               (
               if
               they
               have
               any
               )
               with
               their
               friends
               and
               favourites
               .
            
             
               
                 4.
                 
              
               They
               provide
               them
               in
               secret
               of
               extraordinarie
               forces
               ,
               and
               furniture
               for
               the
               Wars
               ,
               make
               much
               of
               good
               Souldiers
               ,
               and
               have
               a
               pretence
               (
               if
               it
               be
               espied
               )
               of
               some
               other
               end
               ,
               as
               for
               the
               Kings
               honour
               ,
               or
               service
               ,
               and
               to
               be
               in
               readiness
               against
               forreign
               enemies
               ,
               
                 &c.
                 
              
            
             
             
               
                 5.
                 
              
               They
               make
               open
               shew
               of
               their
               best
               qualities
               ,
               and
               comliness
               of
               their
               persons
               (
               which
               though
               it
               be
               vain
               as
               a
               dumb
               shew
               ,
               it
               is
               very
               effectual
               to
               win
               the
               liking
               of
               the
               popular
               sort
               ,
               which
               according
               to
               the
               rul●
               of
               the
               election
               of
               Kings
               ,
               in
               the
               
                 Bees
              
               Common-wealth
               ;
               think
               that
               
                 Porma
                 est
                 digna
                 imperare
              
               )
               Activitie
               ,
               Nobilitie
               ,
               Ancestrie
               ,
               
                 &c.
                 
              
            
             
               
                 6.
                 
              
               To
               have
               their
               blazers
               abroad
               ,
               to
               set
               out
               their
               virtues
               ,
               and
               to
               prepare
               their
               friends
               in
               every
               Province
               .
            
             
               
                 7.
                 
              
               To
               draw
               into
               their
               part
               ,
               and
               make
               sure
               unto
               the●
               ,
               of
               the
               chief
               P●ers
               ,
               and
               men
               of
               best
               qualitie
               ,
               such
               as
               are
               mightiest
               and
               most
               gracious
               with
               the
               souldiers
               ,
               and
               the
               Militarie
               men
               ,
               and
               most
               subtile
               and
               politick
               ,
               especially
               such
               as
               be
               ambitious
               and
               discontent
               with
               the
               State
               .
            
             
               
                 8.
                 
              
               To
               have
               meetings
               for
               con●e●rence
               under
               some
               pretence
               of
               some
               ordinari●
               matter
               in
               some
               convenient
               place
               ,
               not
               too
               near
               ,
               nor
               too
               far
               off
               ,
               but
               where
               friends
               may
               best
               resort
               and
               assemble
               unto
               them
               without
               suspition
               .
            
             
               
                 9.
                 
              
               To
               take
               up
               a
               shew
               ,
               and
               pretence
               of
               Religion
               ,
               more
               than
               before
               ,
               and
               beyond
               the
               practise
               of
               their
               former
               life
               .
            
             
               
                 10.
                 
              
               They
               use
               popular
               courtesie
               (
               which
               in
               a
               great
               person
               is
               verie
               effectual
               )
               feasting
               ,
               liberaliti●
               ,
               gaming
               ,
               
                 &c.
                 
              
            
             
             
               
                 11.
                 
              
               To
               be
               over
               liberal
               ,
               and
               win
               to
               them
               by
               gifts
               ,
               familiaritie
               ,
               
                 &c.
              
               the
               chief
               Officers
               of
               the
               Court
               ,
               and
               Governours
               of
               Shires
               .
            
             
               
                 12
              
               To
               have
               some
               near
               about
               the
               Prince
               ,
               to
               keep
               them
               in
               credite
               ,
               and
               remove
               suspition
               ,
               if
               any
               rise
               .
            
             
               
                 13.
                 
              
               To
               disgrace
               such
               as
               they
               know
               to
               be
               sure
               and
               faithfull
               to
               the
               Prince
               ,
               and
               present
               
                 State
                 ,
              
               or
               to
               the
               competitour
               ,
               and
               to
               bring
               them
               into
               contempt
               by
               slander
               ,
               detraction
               ,
               and
               all
               means
               they
               can
               ,
               and
               to
               ●onc●al
               the
               designs
               from
               them
               ,
               least
               they
               be
               discovered
               before
               they
               be
               too
               ripe
               .
            
             
               
                 14.
                 
              
               To
               have
               some
               spie
               ●●ar
               about
               the
               Prince
               ,
               to
               advertise
               them
               if
               any
               i●ckling
               of
               suspition
               arise
               ,
               whilest
               themselves
               are
               practising
               .
            
          
           
             Note
             the
             practises
             of
             
               Absolom
               :
               ●
               Sam.
               chap.
               16.
               
            
             And
             of
             
               Cy●us
               minor
            
             in
             
               Xenophon
            
             ;
             
               {non-Roman}
               {non-Roman}
               {non-Roman}
               {non-Roman}
               {non-Roman}
            
             .
             
               cap.
               1.
               
            
          
        
         
           
             Political
             Prince
             .
          
           
             
               David
            
             being
             a
             most
             worthy
             and
             excellent
             Prince
             for
             wisdom
             ,
             valour
             ,
             religion
             ,
             
             and
             justice
             ,
             and
             so
             highly
             deserving
             of
             the
             common-wealth
             ,
             yet
             grown
             into
             age
             ,
             grew
             withal
             into
             contempt
             ,
             &
             had
             many
             ,
             both
             of
             his
             Nobles
             ,
             &
             common
             people
             ,
             that
             fell
             from
             him
             ;
             first
             with
             
               Absolom
               ,
            
             then
             with
             
               Adoniah
               ,
            
             who
             affected
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             and
             rebelled
             against
             him
             :
             For
             remedy
             whereof
             ,
             he
             stirred
             up
             himself
             to
             publick
             actions
             ,
             which
             might
             shew
             his
             vigour
             and
             sufficiencie
             to
             mannage
             the
             affairs
             of
             his
             Kingdom
             .
          
           
             
               1.
               
            
             AFter
             the
             victorie
             against
             
               Absolom
               ,
            
             he
             forced
             himself
             to
             ●orbear
             mourning
             ,
             and
             shewed
             himself
             to
             his
             discontented
             Army
             ,
             when
             all
             were
             like
             to
             fall
             from
             him
             ,
             for
             his
             unreasonable
             sorrow
             and
             lamentation
             for
             his
             son
             .
          
           
           
             
               2.
               
            
             After
             the
             victorie
             ,
             he
             caused
             a
             g●n●ral
             convention
             to
             be
             ass●mbled
             o●
             the
             whole
             nation
             ,
             to
             bring
             him
             home
             with
             honour
             to
             
               Jerusalem
               ,
            
             which
             was
             a
             renewing
             ,
             and
             re-establishing
             of
             him
             .
             
               2
               Sam.
               19.
               12.
               
            
          
           
             
               3.
               
            
             He
             gave
             an
             experiment
             of
             his
             power
             and
             authoritie
             ,
             by
             deposing
             a
             person
             of
             great
             authoritie
             and
             estimation
             ,
             to
             wit
             ,
             
               Joab
               ,
            
             General
             Captain
             of
             the
             Armie
             ,
             and
             advancing
             
               Amasa
            
             to
             his
             place
             .
          
           
             
               4.
               
            
             He
             sent
             kind
             Messengers
             to
             
               Jerusalem
               ,
            
             and
             to
             other
             chief
             and
             head
             towns
             ,
             and
             speciall
             men
             of
             
               Judea
               ,
            
             his
             contributes
             ,
             putting
             them
             of
             their
             alliance
             with
             him
             ,
             with
             these
             words
             ,
             
               That
               they
               were
               of
               his
               own
               flesh
               and
               bloud
               ,
            
             with
             protestation
             of
             his
             special
             love
             and
             affection
             towards
             them
             ,
             to
             provide
             them
             with
             the
             like
             kindness
             and
             affection
             towards
             him
             .
          
           
             
               5.
               
            
             He
             assembled
             a
             Parliament
             of
             his
             whole
             realm
             ,
             and
             took
             occasion
             upon
             the
             designing
             of
             his
             successour
             ,
             to
             commend
             unto
             them
             the
             succession
             of
             his
             house
             ,
             and
             the
             continuance
             and
             maintenance
             o●
             Gods
             tru●
             worship
             and
             religion
             then
             established
             ,
             and
             gave
             a
             grave
             and
             publick
             ch●rge
             to
             his
             Successour
             ,
             now
             designed
             ,
             touc●ing
             the
             manner
             of
             his
             gov●rnment
             ,
             and
             maintaining
             of
             religion
             .
             
               1.
               Chron.
               12.
               13.
               
            
          
           
             
               6.
               
            
             He
             shewed
             his
             bountie
             and
             magnificence
             
             in
             cong●sting
             matter
             for
             the
             building
             of
             the
             Temple
             ,
             as
             gold
             ,
             silver
             ,
             brass
             ,
             
               &c.
               
            
             And
             caus●d
             it
             to
             be
             published
             and
             made
             known
             to
             the
             Parliament
             and
             whole
             Nation
             ,
             
               1.
               Chron.
               22.
               13.
               
            
          
           
             
               7
            
             He
             revived
             the
             Church
             Government
             ,
             and
             set
             it
             in
             a
             right
             order
             ,
             assigning
             to
             ●v●ry
             Church
             ,
             Officers
             ,
             his
             place
             and
             function
             .
          
           
             
               8.
               
            
             He
             suppressed
             the
             faction
             of
             
               Ado●niah
               ,
            
             and
             ordained
             
               Solomon
            
             his
             Successour
             ,
             
               1
               Reg.
               1.
               22.
               
            
             By
             these
             means
             ,
             h●
             retained
             his
             Majestie
             and
             Authoritie
             i●
             his
             old
             age
             ,
             as
             appeareth
             by
             the
             eff●ct
             ;
             ●o●
             that
             being
             bed-rid
             ,
             he
             suppressed
             the
             fa●ction
             of
             
               Adoniah
               ,
            
             (
             which
             was
             grow●●
             mightie
             ,
             and
             vvas
             set
             on
             foot
             )
             vvith
             h●●
             bare
             commandment
             ,
             and
             si●nification
             〈◊〉
             his
             pleasure
             ,
             and
             so
             he
             dyed
             in
             peace
             .
          
        
         
           FINIS
           .