Excellent observations and notes, concerning the Royall Navy and sea-service by Sir Walter Rawleigh ...
         Raleigh, Walter, Sir, 1552?-1618.
      
       
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             Excellent observations and notes, concerning the Royall Navy and sea-service by Sir Walter Rawleigh ...
             Raleigh, Walter, Sir, 1552?-1618.
          
           [2], 46 p.
           
             Printed by T.W. for Humphrey Moseley ...,
             London :
             1650.
          
           
             This item can also be found with "Judicious and select essayes" (Wing R170) at reel 289:13.
             Reproduction of original in Columbia University Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
         eng
      
       
         
           England and Wales. -- Royal Navy.
           Naval art and science -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
       A70942  R182347  (Wing R161).  civilwar no Excellent observations and notes, concerning the royall navy and sea-service. Written by Sir Walter Rawleigh and by him dedicated to the mos Raleigh, Walter, Sir 1650    6671 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 B  The  rate of 1 defects per 10,000 words puts this text in the B category of texts with fewer than 10 defects per 10,000 words. 
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           EXCELLENT
           OBSERVATIONS
           AND
           NOTES
           ,
           Concerning
           the
           Royall
           Navy
           and
           Sea-Service
           .
        
         
           
             WRITTEN
          
           By
           Sir
           
             Walter
             Rawleigh
          
           and
           by
           him
           Dedicated
           to
           the
           most
           Noble
           and
           Illustrious
           Prince
           HENRY
           Prince
           of
           WALES
           .
        
         
           LONDON
           ,
           Printed
           by
           
             T.
             W.
          
           for
           
             Humphrey
             Moseley
             ,
          
           and
           are
           to
           be
           Sold
           at
           his
           Shop
           at
           the
           Signe
           of
           the
           Princes
           Arms
           in
           St.
           
             Pauls
          
           Church-yard
           .
           1650.
           
        
      
    
     
       
       
       
         
           Excellent
           Observations
           and
           Notes
           ,
           concerning
           the
           Royall
           Navy
           and
           Sea-service
           .
        
         
           HAving
           formerly
           (
           most
           excellent
           Prince
           )
           discoursed
           of
           a
           Maritimall
           voyage
           ,
           and
           the
           passages
           and
           incidents
           therein
           ,
           I
           thinke
           it
           not
           impertinent
           nor
           differing
           from
           my
           purpose
           ,
           to
           second
           the
           same
           with
           some
           necessary
           relations
           concerning
           the
           Royall
           Navy
           ,
           with
           the
           Services
           and
           Offices
           thereto
           belonging
           .
           For
           ,
           as
           the
           perfection
           and
           
           excellency
           of
           our
           Shipping
           is
           great
           and
           remarkeable
           ,
           so
           the
           imperfections
           and
           defects
           of
           the
           same
           by
           use
           and
           experience
           of
           late
           years
           ,
           have
           been
           found
           to
           be
           divers
           and
           inconvenient
           ,
           as
           it
           falls
           out
           many
           times
           in
           the
           circumstances
           of
           Land
           service
           by
           the
           charige
           of
           Armes
           ,
           diversities
           of
           Fortifications
           ,
           and
           alteration
           of
           Discipline
           .
           And
           therefore
           for
           the
           due
           reformation
           ,
           many
           things
           are
           necessarily
           and
           particularly
           to
           be
           spoken
           and
           considered
           of
           in
           their
           Order
           .
           In
           regard
           whereof
           ,
           I
           will
           first
           begin
           with
           the
           Officers
           ,
           and
           therein
           crave
           pardon
           (
           if
           in
           speaking
           plainly
           and
           truly
           in
           a
           matter
           of
           so
           great
           importance
           )
           I
           doe
           set
           aside
           all
           private
           respects
           and
           partiality
           .
           For
           in
           that
           which
           concerns
           the
           service
           and
           benefit
           of
           my
           
           Prince
           and
           Country
           ,
           I
           will
           say
           with
           
             Cicero
             ,
             Nil
             mihi
             melius
             ,
             nil
             mihi
             Charius
             .
          
           And
           therefore
           not
           justly
           to
           be
           taxed
           with
           any
           presumption
           for
           medling
           with
           matters
           wherein
           I
           have
           no
           dealings
           nor
           charge
           .
           For
           that
           in
           the
           affaires
           of
           this
           nature
           ,
           every
           good
           Subject
           is
           deeply
           interessed
           ,
           and
           bound
           in
           Conscience
           and
           duty
           both
           to
           say
           and
           doe
           his
           best
           .
        
         
           
             Of
             the
             Officers
             of
             the
             Navy
             .
          
           
             FIrst
             therefore
             ,
             it
             were
             to
             be
             wished
             ,
             that
             the
             Chiefe
             Officers
             under
             the
             Lord
             Admirall
             (
             as
             Vice-Admirall
             ,
             
             Treasurer
             ,
             Controller
             ,
             Surveyor
             ;
             and
             the
             rest
             )
             should
             be
             men
             of
             the
             best
             experience
             in
             Sea-service
             ,
             aswell
             as
             of
             judgement
             and
             practise
             in
             the
             utinsells
             and
             necessaries
             belonging
             to
             shipping
             ,
             
             even
             from
             the
             
               Batts
               end
            
             to
             the
             very
             
               Kilson
            
             of
             a
             Ship
             .
             And
             that
             no
             kind
             of
             people
             should
             be
             preserred
             to
             any
             of
             these
             offices
             ,
             but
             such
             as
             have
             been
             throughly
             practised
             ,
             and
             be
             very
             judiciall
             in
             either
             kind
             of
             the
             above
             named
             services
             ;
             but
             we
             see
             it
             oftentimes
             to
             fall
             our
             otherwise
             .
             For
             sometimes
             by
             the
             speciall
             favour
             of
             Princes
             ,
             and
             many
             times
             by
             the
             mediation
             of
             great
             men
             for
             the
             preferment
             of
             their
             servants
             ,
             and
             now
             and
             then
             by
             vertue
             of
             the
             purse
             ,
             and
             such
             like
             means
             ,
             some
             people
             very
             raw
             and
             ignorant
             ,
             are
             very
             unworthily
             and
             unfitly
             nominated
             to
             those
             places
             ,
             when
             men
             of
             desert
             and
             ability
             are
             held
             back
             and
             unpreferr'd
             ,
             to
             the
             great
             hinderance
             of
             his
             Majesties
             service
             ,
             to
             the
             prejudice
             of
             the
             Navy
             ,
             and
             to
             the
             no
             little
             
             discouragement
             of
             ancient
             and
             noble
             able
             servitors
             ,
             when
             favour
             or
             partiality
             shall
             eat
             out
             knowledge
             and
             sufficiency
             ,
             in
             matters
             so
             neerly
             concerning
             the
             service
             and
             safety
             of
             the
             Kingdome
             ,
             wherein
             all
             private
             respects
             should
             be
             laid
             apart
             ,
             and
             vertue
             truly
             regarded
             for
             it selfe
             .
          
        
         
           
             Of
             the
             building
             of
             Ships
             .
          
           
             SEcondly
             ,
             it
             were
             no
             lesse
             behoovefull
             for
             his
             Majesties
             service
             ,
             and
             for
             the
             strength
             of
             the
             Navy
             ,
             
             that
             no
             Ships
             should
             be
             builded
             by
             the
             great
             ,
             as
             divers
             of
             them
             have
             been
             ;
             For
             by
             daily
             experience
             they
             are
             found
             be
             the
             most
             weake
             ,
             imperfect
             ,
             and
             unserviceable
             Ships
             of
             all
             the
             rest
             .
             And
             it
             is
             not
             otherwise
             to
             be
             presumed
             ,
             But
             
             as
             the
             Officers
             would
             bee
             thought
             to
             be
             very
             frugall
             for
             his
             Majesty
             in
             driving
             a
             bargaine
             by
             the
             great
             at
             a
             neere
             rate
             with
             the
             Shipwright
             ,
             So
             likewise
             the
             Shipwright
             on
             his
             part
             will
             be
             as
             carefull
             to
             gaine
             by
             his
             labour
             ,
             or
             at
             least
             to
             save
             himselfe
             harmlesse
             ,
             and
             therefore
             suite
             his
             worke
             slightly
             according
             to
             a
             slight
             price
             .
             Out
             of
             the
             which
             present
             sparing
             and
             untimely
             thrift
             ,
             there
             grows
             many
             future
             inconveniences
             and
             continuall
             Charge
             in
             repayring
             and
             reedifying
             such
             imperfect
             slight
             built
             Vessells
             .
             The
             proofe
             and
             experience
             whereof
             hath
             been
             often
             found
             in
             new
             Shipps
             built
             at
             those
             rates
             ,
             but
             so
             weakly
             ,
             as
             that
             in
             their
             voyages
             ,
             they
             have
             been
             ready
             to
             founder
             in
             the
             Seas
             with
             every
             Extraordinary
             
             storme
             ,
             and
             at
             their
             returne
             been
             enforced
             to
             be
             new
             built
             .
             But
             seeing
             the
             Officers
             of
             the
             Admiralty
             doe
             hold
             (
             by
             the
             grace
             of
             his
             Majestie
             )
             places
             of
             so
             good
             Credit
             and
             benesit
             ,
             it
             is
             their
             parts
             therefore
             (
             being
             well
             waged
             and
             rewarded
             for
             the
             same
             )
             exactly
             to
             look
             into
             the
             sound
             building
             of
             Ships
             ,
             
             and
             to
             imploy
             their
             care
             and
             travell
             aswell
             in
             the
             over
             sight
             thereof
             ,
             as
             to
             provide
             that
             all
             things
             else
             belonging
             to
             the
             Navy
             be
             good
             and
             well
             conditioned
             :
             For
             the
             strong
             and
             true
             building
             of
             a
             Ship
             is
             not
             to
             be
             left
             barely
             to
             the
             fidelity
             of
             a
             Marchanticall
             Artificer
             (
             the
             chiefe
             end
             of
             whose
             worke
             in
             his
             owne
             Accompt
             is
             his
             profit
             and
             gaine
             )
             but
             some
             Superior
             Officer
             ought
             to
             have
             a
             further
             regard
             in
             that
             businesse
             ,
             if
             he
             be
             such
             a
             
             one
             as
             hath
             more
             judgement
             in
             the
             building
             and
             conditioning
             of
             a
             Ship
             ,
             then
             devotion
             to
             his
             owne
             ease
             and
             profit
             .
          
           
             Moreover
             if
             any
             decayed
             Ship
             be
             intended
             to
             be
             new
             made
             ,
             it
             is
             more
             fit
             and
             profitable
             to
             make
             her
             a
             size
             lesse
             then
             she
             was
             ,
             then
             bigger
             ;
             For
             then
             her
             beams
             which
             were
             laid
             over-thwart
             from
             side
             to
             side
             ,
             will
             serve
             againe
             ,
             and
             most
             of
             her
             Tymbers
             and
             other
             parts
             will
             say
             well
             to
             the
             building
             of
             a
             new
             ship
             .
             But
             if
             she
             should
             be
             made
             a
             size
             bigger
             ,
             the
             Tymber
             of
             the
             old
             will
             be
             unprofitable
             for
             that
             purpose
             ;
             we
             find
             by
             experience
             ,
             that
             the
             greatest
             ships
             are
             least
             serviceable
             ,
             
             goe
             very
             deep
             to
             water
             and
             of
             marvellous
             Charge
             and
             fearefull
             Cumber
             ,
             our
             Channells
             decaying
             every
             year
             .
             Besides
             ,
             they
             
             are
             lesse
             nimble
             ,
             lesse
             maineable
             ,
             and
             very
             seldome
             imployed
             .
             
             
               Grande
               Navio
               grande
               fatica
               ,
            
             saith
             the
             Spaniard
             ,
             a
             ship
             of
             600
             Tuns
             will
             carry
             as
             good
             Ordnance
             ,
             as
             a
             ship
             of
             1200.
             
             Tuns
             ,
             and
             though
             the
             greater
             have
             double
             her
             number
             ,
             the
             lesser
             will
             turne
             her
             broad
             sides
             twice
             ,
             before
             the
             greater
             can
             wend
             once
             ,
             and
             so
             no
             advantage
             in
             that
             overplus
             of
             Ordnance
             .
             And
             in
             the
             building
             of
             all
             ships
             ,
             these
             six
             things
             are
             principally
             required
             .
          
           
             1.
             
             First
             ,
             that
             she
             be
             strong
             built
             .
          
           
             2.
             
             Secondly
             ,
             that
             shee
             bee
             swift
             .
          
           
             3.
             
             Thirdly
             ,
             that
             she
             be
             stout
             sided
             .
          
           
             4.
             
             Fourthly
             ,
             that
             she
             carry
             out
             her
             Guns
             all
             weather
             .
          
           
             5.
             
             Fifthly
             ,
             that
             she
             hull
             and
             
             try
             well
             ,
             which
             we
             call
             a
             good
             Sea-ship
             .
          
           
             6.
             
             Sixthly
             ,
             that
             shee
             stay
             well
             ,
             when
             bourding
             and
             turning
             on
             a
             wind
             is
             required
             .
          
           
             1.
             
             To
             make
             her
             strong
             consisteth
             in
             the
             truth
             of
             the
             Workeman
             ,
             and
             the
             care
             of
             the
             Officers
             .
          
           
             2.
             
             To
             make
             her
             sayle
             well
             is
             to
             give
             a
             long
             run
             forward
             ,
             and
             so
             afterward
             done
             by
             Art
             and
             just
             proportion
             .
             For
             as
             in
             laying
             out
             of
             her
             bows
             before
             and
             quarters
             behind
             ,
             she
             neither
             sinck
             into
             ,
             nor
             hang
             in
             the
             water
             ,
             
             but
             lye
             cleare
             off
             and
             above
             it
             ,
             And
             that
             the
             Shipwrights
             be
             not
             deceived
             herein
             (
             as
             for
             the
             most
             part
             they
             have
             ever
             been
             )
             they
             must
             be
             sure
             ,
             that
             the
             Ship
             sinck
             no
             deeper
             into
             the
             water
             ,
             then
             they
             promise
             ,
             for
             other
             wise
             the
             bow
             and
             quarter
             
             will
             utterly
             spoile
             her
             sayling
             .
          
           
             3.
             
             That
             she
             bee
             stout
             ,
             the
             same
             is
             provided
             and
             performed
             by
             a
             long
             bearing
             Floore
             ,
             and
             by
             sharing
             off
             above
             water
             even
             from
             the
             lower
             edge
             of
             the
             Ports
             .
          
           
             4.
             
             To
             carry
             out
             her
             Ordnance
             all
             weather
             ,
             This
             long
             bearing
             Floore
             ,
             and
             sharing
             off
             from
             above
             the
             Ports
             is
             a
             chiefe
             Cause
             ,
             Provided
             alwayes
             ,
             that
             your
             lowest
             Tyre
             of
             Ordnance
             must
             lye
             foure
             foot
             cleare
             above
             water
             when
             all
             loading
             is
             in
             ,
             or
             else
             those
             your
             best
             pieces
             will
             be
             of
             small
             use
             at
             the
             Sea
             in
             any
             growne
             weather
             that
             makes
             the
             Billoe
             to
             rise
             ,
             for
             then
             you
             shall
             be
             enforced
             to
             take
             in
             all
             your
             lower
             Ports
             ,
             or
             else
             hazard
             the
             Ship
             .
             
             As
             befell
             to
             the
             
               Mary
               Rose
            
             (
             a
             goodly
             
             vessell
             )
             which
             in
             the
             days
             of
             King
             
               Hen.
            
             8.
             being
             before
             the
             Isle
             of
             
               Wight
            
             with
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Royall
             Navy
             ,
             to
             encounter
             the
             French
             Fleet
             ,
             with
             a
             suddain
             puff
             of
             wind
             stooped
             her
             side
             ,
             and
             tooke
             in
             water
             at
             her
             Ports
             in
             such
             abundance
             ,
             as
             that
             she
             instantly
             sunck
             downeright
             and
             many
             gallant
             men
             in
             her
             .
             The
             Captaine
             of
             her
             was
             Sir
             
               George
               Carew
            
             Knight
             ,
             who
             also
             perished
             among
             the
             rest
             .
          
           
             5.
             
             To
             make
             her
             a
             good
             Sea-ship
             ,
             that
             is
             to
             hull
             and
             trye
             well
             ,
             there
             are
             two
             things
             specially
             to
             be
             observed
             ,
             the
             one
             that
             she
             have
             a
             good
             draught
             of
             water
             ,
             the
             other
             that
             she
             be
             not
             overcharged
             ,
             which
             commonly
             the
             Kings
             Ships
             are
             ,
             and
             therefore
             in
             them
             we
             are
             forced
             to
             lye
             at
             trye
             with
             our
             maine
             Course
             and
             Missen
             ,
             
             which
             with
             a
             deep
             keel
             and
             standing
             streake
             she
             will
             performe
             .
          
           
             6.
             
             The
             hinderance
             to
             stay
             well
             is
             the
             extreame
             length
             of
             a
             Ship
             ,
             especially
             if
             she
             be
             floaty
             and
             want
             sharpnesse
             of
             way
             forwards
             ,
             and
             it
             is
             most
             true
             ,
             that
             those
             over
             long
             Ships
             are
             fitter
             for
             our
             Seas
             ,
             then
             for
             the
             Ocean
             ,
             but
             one
             hundred
             Foot
             long
             and
             five
             and
             thirty
             Foot
             broad
             ,
             is
             a
             good
             proportion
             for
             a
             great
             ship
             .
          
           
             It
             is
             a
             speciall
             Observation
             ,
             
             that
             all
             ships
             sharpe
             before
             ,
             that
             want
             a
             long
             Floore
             ,
             will
             fall
             roughly
             into
             the
             Sea
             and
             take
             in
             water
             over
             head
             and
             Ears
             .
             
          
           
             So
             will
             all
             narrow
             quartered
             ships
             sinck
             after
             the
             Tayle
             .
             The
             high
             charging
             of
             ships
             is
             it
             that
             brings
             them
             all
             ill
             qualities
             ,
             makes
             them
             extreame
             Leeward
             
             makes
             them
             sinck
             deep
             into
             the
             water
             ,
             makes
             them
             labour
             and
             makes
             them
             overset
             .
          
           
             Men
             may
             not
             expect
             the
             ease
             of
             many
             .
             
             Cabbins
             and
             safety
             at
             once
             in
             Sea-service
             .
             Two
             Decks
             and
             a
             half
             is
             sufficient
             to
             yield
             shelter
             and
             lodging
             for
             men
             and
             Marriners
             and
             no
             more
             charging
             at
             all
             higher
             ,
             but
             only
             one
             low
             Cabbin
             for
             the
             Master
             .
             But
             our
             Marriners
             will
             say
             ,
             that
             a
             Ship
             will
             beare
             more
             charging
             aloft
             for
             Cabbins
             ,
             and
             that
             is
             true
             ,
             if
             none
             but
             ordinary
             Marryners
             were
             to
             serve
             in
             them
             ,
             who
             are
             able
             to
             endure
             ,
             and
             are
             used
             to
             the
             tumbling
             and
             rowling
             of
             ships
             from
             side
             to
             side
             when
             the
             Sea
             is
             never
             so
             little
             growne
             .
             But
             men
             of
             better
             sort
             and
             better
             breeding
             would
             be
             glad
             to
             find
             more
             steadinesse
             and
             lesse
             tortering
             
             Cadge
             worke
             .
             And
             albeit
             the
             Marriners
             doe
             covet
             store
             of
             Cabbins
             ,
             yet
             indeed
             they
             are
             but
             sluttish
             Dens
             that
             breed
             sicknesse
             in
             peace
             ,
             serving
             to
             cover
             stealths
             ,
             and
             in
             Fight
             are
             dangerous
             to
             teare
             men
             with
             their
             splinters
             .
          
        
         
           
             Of
             harbouring
             and
             placing
             the
             Navy
             .
          
           
             THere
             are
             also
             many
             and
             great
             reasons
             why
             all
             his
             Majesties
             Navy
             should
             not
             in
             such
             sort
             be
             pen'd
             up
             as
             they
             are
             in
             
               Rochester-water
               ,
            
             
             but
             only
             in
             respect
             of
             the
             ease
             and
             commodity
             of
             the
             Officers
             ,
             which
             is
             encountred
             with
             sundry
             Inconveniences
             for
             the
             Sea-service
             ,
             the
             dificulty
             being
             very
             great
             to
             bring
             them
             in
             or
             out
             at
             times
             of
             need
             through
             so
             many
             Flats
             
             and
             sands
             ,
             if
             wind
             and
             weather
             be
             not
             very
             favourable
             .
             Besides
             ,
             they
             must
             have
             sundry
             winds
             to
             bring
             them
             to
             the
             Lands
             end
             ,
             and
             to
             put
             them
             to
             the
             Seas
             ,
             which
             oftentimes
             failes
             ,
             and
             causeth
             delay
             when
             hast
             is
             most
             needfull
             .
             For
             if
             any
             service
             be
             to
             be
             done
             upon
             the
             South
             parts
             of
             
               England
               ,
            
             
             as
             the
             
               Wight
               ,
               Portsmouth
               ,
            
             the
             I
             slands
             of
             
               Garnsey
            
             and
             
               Jersey
               ,
            
             or
             Westward
             towards
             
               Devon-shire
            
             or
             
               Cornwall
               ,
            
             or
             towards
             
               Wales
            
             or
             
               Ireland
               ,
            
             It
             is
             so
             long
             ere
             his
             Majesties
             shipping
             can
             be
             brought
             about
             to
             recover
             any
             of
             these
             places
             ,
             as
             that
             much
             mischiefe
             may
             be
             done
             the
             while
             .
             For
             the
             same
             winds
             that
             bring
             in
             the
             Enemy
             ,
             binds
             in
             our
             shipping
             in
             such
             sort
             ,
             as
             that
             oftentimes
             in
             a
             months
             space
             they
             are
             not
             able
             to
             recover
             the
             neerest
             of
             
             any
             of
             these
             above
             named
             Coasts
             .
             But
             how
             perillous
             a
             course
             it
             is
             ,
             is
             easily
             discerned
             ,
             and
             as
             casily
             remedyed
             ,
             seeing
             there
             are
             besides
             so
             many
             safe
             and
             good
             harbours
             to
             disperse
             and
             bestow
             some
             of
             the
             Navy
             in
             ,
             where
             they
             may
             ever
             lye
             fit
             for
             all
             services
             ,
             
             As
             
               Portsmouth
               ;
               Dartmouth
               ,
               Plymouth
               ,
               Falmouth
               ,
               Milford
            
             and
             divers
             others
             ,
             All
             of
             them
             being
             harbours
             very
             capable
             and
             convenient
             for
             shipping
             .
             But
             perhaps
             it
             will
             be
             alleadged
             ,
             that
             they
             cannot
             ride
             in
             any
             of
             these
             so
             safe
             from
             enemies
             as
             in
             
               Rochester-water
               ,
            
             because
             it
             reacheth
             far
             within
             the
             Land
             ,
             and
             is
             under
             the
             protection
             of
             some
             Blockhouses
             .
             To
             which
             I
             answer
             this
             ,
             That
             with
             very
             easie
             care
             and
             provision
             ,
             they
             may
             in
             most
             of
             these
             places
             ride
             sufficiently
             secure
             from
             
             any
             forraine
             practises
             .
             And
             I
             doe
             not
             meane
             that
             all
             the
             whole
             Navy
             should
             be
             subdivided
             into
             all
             these
             Ports
             ,
             but
             that
             some
             halfe
             dozen
             or
             eight
             of
             the
             midling
             ships
             ,
             
             and
             some
             Pynnaces
             should
             lye
             in
             the
             West
             ,
             and
             yet
             not
             in
             any
             Port
             so
             neere
             the
             Sea
             ,
             as
             that
             in
             a
             darke
             night
             they
             may
             be
             endangered
             by
             enemies
             with
             fire
             or
             otherwise
             ,
             but
             in
             some
             such
             places
             as
             
               Ashwater
            
             is
             by
             
               Plymouth
               ,
            
             
             where
             an
             Enemy
             must
             run
             up
             a
             fresh
             River
             ,
             a
             dozen
             miles
             after
             he
             hath
             passed
             the
             Forts
             of
             the
             Island
             ,
             and
             the
             Alarum
             given
             ,
             before
             he
             can
             come
             where
             they
             lye
             at
             Anchor
             .
             In
             which
             River
             the
             greatest
             Charack
             of
             Portugall
             may
             ride
             a
             Float
             ten
             miles
             within
             the
             Forts
             .
             But
             if
             regard
             be
             only
             had
             of
             their
             safe
             keeping
             ,
             and
             not
             
             also
             of
             their
             readinesse
             and
             fitnesse
             for
             service
             ,
             then
             let
             them
             never
             be
             sent
             abroad
             to
             be
             hazarded
             against
             the
             Enemies
             forces
             ;
             for
             therein
             they
             shall
             be
             more
             subject
             to
             casualitie
             and
             danger
             ,
             then
             by
             lying
             in
             any
             of
             these
             harbours
             above
             specified
             .
             But
             certaien
             it
             is
             ,
             that
             these
             Ships
             are
             purposely
             to
             serve
             his
             Majesty
             ,
             and
             to
             defend
             the
             Kingdom
             from
             danger
             ,
             and
             not
             to
             be
             so
             penn'd
             up
             from
             Casualitie
             ,
             as
             that
             they
             should
             be
             the
             lesse
             able
             or
             serviceable
             in
             times
             of
             need
             .
             And
             therefore
             that
             objection
             savours
             not
             of
             good
             reason
             ,
             but
             rather
             of
             selfe
             respect
             in
             the
             Officers
             ,
             who
             are
             all
             for
             the
             most
             part
             well
             seated
             neer
             about
             
               Rochester
               .
            
             But
             the
             service
             of
             his
             Majesty
             ,
             and
             the
             safety
             of
             the
             Realme
             (
             in
             my
             poore
             opinion
             )
             ought
             to
             prevaile
             
             beyond
             all
             other
             respects
             whatsoever
             :
             and
             to
             him
             that
             casts
             thoseneedlesse
             doubts
             ,
             it
             may
             well
             be
             said
             ,
             
               pereat
               qui
               timet
               umbras
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             Of
             the
             needfull
             expence
             in
             manning
             the
             Navy
             and
             other
             inconveniences
             by
             placing
             all
             the
             Fleet
             in
             Rochester-water
             .
          
           
             IF
             the
             service
             of
             the
             Shipping
             lying
             for
             any
             of
             these
             places
             above
             named
             ,
             
             or
             for
             
               Spaine
               ,
            
             or
             for
             the
             Islands
             ,
             they
             are
             enforced
             of
             very
             necessity
             to
             presse
             the
             best
             and
             greatest
             part
             of
             their
             men
             out
             of
             the
             West
             Countries
             ,
             which
             is
             no
             small
             charge
             in
             bringing
             them
             so
             far
             as
             between
             that
             and
             
               Rochester
               ,
            
             and
             then
             when
             they
             are
             
             imbraqued
             at
             
               Rochester
               ,
            
             their
             charge
             is
             againe
             redoubled
             in
             their
             pay
             and
             expence
             of
             victualls
             ,
             before
             the
             Ships
             can
             recover
             so
             farre
             as
             
               Plymouth
               ,
            
             which
             many
             times
             is
             long
             a
             doing
             ,
             for
             they
             doe
             ever
             usually
             touch
             at
             
               Plymouth
            
             in
             all
             Southerene
             voyages
             ,
             for
             the
             furnishing
             many
             Sea-necessaries
             ,
             which
             that
             Country
             doth
             afford
             .
             And
             therefore
             for
             so
             many
             Ships
             as
             should
             be
             there
             resident
             ,
             the
             Charges
             of
             Conduct
             Money
             for
             Marryners
             ,
             
             of
             wages
             and
             of
             victualls
             ,
             would
             be
             well
             savd
             for
             all
             that
             time
             ,
             which
             is
             spent
             betwixt
             
               Rochester
            
             and
             
               Plymouth
               .
            
             Besides
             ,
             it
             were
             to
             be
             presumed
             ,
             that
             Enemies
             would
             not
             be
             so
             troublesome
             to
             the
             Westerne
             Coasts
             ,
             nor
             that
             Country
             it self
             would
             be
             so
             often
             dismayed
             with
             Alarums
             as
             they
             have
             
             of
             late
             years
             been
             ,
             if
             some
             of
             his
             Majesties
             good
             .
             Ships
             were
             resident
             in
             those
             parts
             .
             If
             therefore
             in
             his
             Majesties
             wisdome
             it
             should
             appeare
             fit
             ,
             to
             bestow
             some
             of
             his
             Shipping
             in
             any
             of
             these
             Horbours
             aforenamed
             ,
             it
             shall
             be
             very
             needfull
             likewise
             that
             there
             be
             a
             Magazin
             of
             all
             
             manner
             of
             necessary
             provisions
             and
             Munitions
             in
             the
             same
             places
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             proportion
             of
             the
             Shipping
             that
             there
             shall
             be
             resident
             ,
             whereby
             such
             defects
             as
             by
             accident
             may
             fall
             out
             ,
             shall
             upon
             any
             occasion
             be
             readily
             supplyed
             without
             delays
             or
             hindrance
             of
             service
             :
             And
             that
             withall
             in
             the
             same
             places
             ,
             some
             Officers
             belonging
             to
             the
             Admiralty
             be
             there
             alwayes
             attendant
             ,
             otherwise
             it
             would
             be
             found
             very
             inconvenient
             to
             be
             enforced
             ever
             to
             at-attend
             
             such
             helps
             and
             supplies
             as
             must
             come
             so
             far
             off
             as
             
               London
               ,
            
             when
             it
             may
             more
             easily
             and
             with
             lesse
             charge
             be
             effected
             in
             places
             where
             they
             ride
             .
          
        
         
           
             Of
             great
             Ordnance
             .
          
           
             IT
             was
             also
             very
             behoovefull
             ,
             
             that
             his
             Majesties
             Ships
             were
             not
             so
             overpestred
             and
             clogged
             with
             great
             Ordnance
             as
             they
             are
             ,
             whereof
             there
             is
             such
             superfluity
             ,
             as
             that
             much
             of
             it
             serves
             to
             no
             better
             use
             ,
             but
             only
             to
             labour
             and
             overcharge
             the
             Ships
             sides
             in
             any
             growne
             Seas
             and
             foule
             weather
             .
             Besides
             many
             of
             the
             ships
             that
             are
             allowed
             but
             twenty
             Gunners
             ,
             have
             forty
             piece
             of
             barsse
             pieces
             ,
             whereas
             every
             piece
             at
             least
             requires
             foure
             Gunners
             to
             attend
             
             it
             ,
             And
             so
             that
             proportion
             of
             Ordnance
             to
             so
             few
             Gunners
             ,
             very
             preposterous
             :
             For
             when
             a
             Ship
             seels
             or
             roules
             in
             foule
             weather
             ,
             the
             breaking
             loose
             of
             Ordnance
             is
             a
             thing
             very
             dangerous
             ,
             which
             the
             Gunners
             can
             hardly
             prevent
             or
             well
             looke
             into
             ,
             they
             being
             so
             few
             ,
             the
             Gunnes
             so
             many
             ;
             withall
             we
             doe
             see
             ,
             that
             twenty
             or
             thirty
             good
             brasse
             pieces
             ,
             as
             Cannon
             ,
             Demicannon
             ,
             Culverin
             ,
             and
             Demiculverin
             ,
             is
             a
             Royall
             Batterie
             for
             a
             Prince
             to
             bring
             before
             any
             Towne
             or
             strong
             Fortresse
             .
             
             And
             why
             should
             not
             we
             aswell
             thinke
             the
             same
             to
             be
             a
             very
             large
             proportion
             for
             one
             Ship
             to
             batter
             another
             withall
             ?
             which
             if
             it
             be
             ,
             then
             may
             his
             Majesty
             ratably
             save
             a
             great
             part
             of
             the
             Ordnance
             throughout
             every
             Ship
             ,
             and
             make
             the
             Navy
             
             the
             more
             sufficient
             and
             serviceable
             ,
             and
             thereby
             also
             save
             a
             great
             deale
             of
             needlesse
             expence
             in
             superfluous
             powder
             and
             shot
             ,
             
             that
             is
             now
             prerended
             to
             be
             delivered
             out
             according
             to
             this
             huge
             and
             excessive
             proportion
             of
             Artillery
             ,
             whereof
             if
             many
             had
             not
             been
             stricken
             downe
             into
             
               Holt
            
             in
             many
             voyages
             and
             (
             especially
             in
             this
             last
             journey
             to
             the
             Islands
             )
             divers
             of
             the
             Ships
             ,
             weight
             ,
             Heaft
             ,
             and
             Charge
             thereof
             ,
             would
             have
             foundered
             in
             the
             Sea
             :
             wherein
             I
             report
             me
             to
             such
             as
             have
             served
             in
             them
             ,
             and
             saw
             the
             proofe
             thereof
             .
             For
             this
             journey
             to
             the
             Islands
             ,
             
             did
             most
             of
             all
             others
             ,
             discover
             unto
             us
             these
             experinces
             and
             tryalls
             in
             the
             Royall
             Navy
             ,
             for
             that
             it
             was
             the
             longest
             Navigation
             that
             ever
             was
             made
             out
             of
             our
             Realme
             ,
             with
             so
             
             many
             of
             the
             Princes
             Ships
             ,
             and
             tarrying
             out
             so
             late
             in
             the
             year
             ,
             whereby
             both
             the
             winds
             and
             Seas
             had
             power
             and
             time
             throughly
             to
             search
             and
             examine
             them
             .
             Besides
             many
             times
             ,
             there
             is
             no
             proportio
             of
             shot
             and
             powder
             allowed
             rateably
             by
             that
             quātity
             of
             the
             great
             Ordnance
             ,
             as
             was
             seen
             in
             the
             Sea-Battaile
             with
             the
             Spaniards
             in
             the
             yeare
             88.
             when
             it
             so
             neerly
             concerned
             the
             defence
             
             and
             preservation
             of
             the
             Kingdome
             .
             So
             as
             then
             many
             of
             those
             great
             Guns
             wanting
             powder
             and
             shot
             ,
             stood
             but
             as
             Cyphers
             and
             Scarcrowes
             ,
             not
             unlike
             to
             the
             Easterling
             hulkes
             ,
             
             who
             were
             wont
             to
             plant
             great
             red
             Port-holes
             in
             their
             broad
             sides
             ,
             where
             they
             carryed
             no
             Ordnance
             at
             all
             .
          
        
         
         
           
             Of
             Calking
             and
             sheathing
             his
             Majesties
             Ships
             .
          
           
             THere
             is
             a
             great
             error
             committed
             in
             the
             manner
             
             of
             Calking
             his
             Majesties
             Ships
             ,
             which
             being
             done
             with
             rotten
             Ocum
             ,
             is
             the
             cause
             they
             are
             Leaky
             ,
             and
             the
             reason
             is
             this
             ,
             for
             that
             they
             make
             their
             Ocum
             wherewith
             they
             Calke
             the
             seams
             of
             the
             Ships
             ,
             of
             old
             seere
             and
             weather-beaten
             ropes
             ,
             when
             they
             are
             overspent
             and
             growne
             so
             rotten
             ,
             as
             they
             serve
             for
             no
             othe
             use
             but
             to
             make
             rotten
             Ocum
             ,
             which
             moulders
             and
             washes
             away
             with
             every
             Sea
             ,
             as
             the
             Ships
             labour
             and
             are
             rossed
             ,
             whereas
             indeed
             of
             all
             other
             things
             ,
             the
             most
             speicall
             &
             best
             choice
             would
             be
             made
             of
             that
             
             stuffe
             to
             have
             it
             both
             new
             and
             good
             ,
             for
             that
             sparing
             to
             imploy
             old
             rotten
             Ropes
             ,
             is
             a
             great
             defect
             either
             in
             the
             building
             of
             new
             Ships
             ,
             or
             in
             the
             repairing
             of
             old
             ,
             and
             is
             the
             cause
             why
             after
             every
             journey
             they
             must
             be
             new
             Calked
             .
             And
             therefore
             it
             were
             much
             to
             be
             wished
             ,
             as
             a
             thing
             fit
             for
             his
             Majesties
             service
             ,
             profitable
             for
             the
             Navy
             ,
             and
             happy
             for
             those
             that
             shall
             serve
             in
             them
             ,
             that
             the
             whole
             Navy
             throughout
             were
             all
             sheathed
             ,
             as
             some
             of
             them
             are
             .
             The
             benefit
             and
             good
             whereof
             for
             Sea-service
             is
             manifold
             ,
             and
             no
             lesse
             frugall
             for
             his
             Majesty
             in
             making
             his
             Ships
             as
             strong
             and
             lasting
             thereby
             ,
             as
             they
             are
             otherwise
             good
             of
             sayle
             .
             And
             then
             shall
             they
             never
             need
             (
             scarcely
             once
             in
             ten
             years
             )
             this
             new
             Calking
             and
             repayring
             
             which
             now
             almost
             every
             yeare
             they
             have
             .
             
             And
             hereof
             let
             the
             censure
             be
             taken
             of
             the
             best
             Seamen
             of
             
               England
               ,
            
             and
             they
             will
             not
             vary
             from
             this
             opinion
             .
          
        
         
           
             Of
             Victualling
             .
          
           
             AS
             his
             Majesties
             due
             allowance
             
             for
             Victualling
             of
             ships
             is
             very
             large
             and
             honourable
             ,
             and
             would
             be
             greatly
             to
             the
             incouragement
             and
             strengthning
             of
             the
             Marriners
             and
             Souldiers
             that
             serve
             in
             them
             ,
             if
             it
             were
             faithfully
             distributed
             ,
             the
             Sea-service
             (
             indeed
             )
             being
             very
             miserable
             and
             painfull
             ,
             So
             againe
             as
             it
             is
             abused
             and
             purloyned
             ,
             it
             is
             very
             scant
             and
             dishonourable
             to
             the
             great
             slander
             of
             the
             Navy
             ,
             to
             the
             discouragement
             of
             all
             them
             
             that
             are
             prest
             thereunto
             ,
             and
             to
             the
             hinderance
             of
             his
             Majesties
             service
             .
             For
             that
             many
             times
             they
             goe
             with
             a
             great
             grudging
             to
             serve
             in
             his
             Majesties
             Ships
             ,
             as
             if
             it
             were
             to
             be
             slaves
             in
             the
             Gallyes
             .
             So
             much
             doe
             they
             stand
             in
             feare
             of
             penurie
             and
             hunger
             ;
             The
             case
             being
             cleane
             contrary
             in
             all
             Merchants
             ships
             ,
             and
             therefore
             the
             Purveyors
             and
             Victuallers
             are
             much
             to
             be
             condemned
             ,
             as
             not
             a
             little
             faulty
             in
             that
             behalfe
             ,
             who
             make
             no
             little
             profit
             of
             those
             polings
             which
             is
             cause
             very
             lamentable
             ,
             that
             such
             as
             sit
             in
             ease
             at
             home
             ,
             should
             so
             raise
             a
             benefit
             out
             of
             their
             hunger
             and
             thirst
             ,
             that
             serve
             their
             Prince
             and
             Country
             painfully
             abroad
             ,
             whereof
             there
             hath
             a
             long
             time
             been
             great
             complaining
             ,
             but
             small
             reformation
             .
          
        
         
         
           
             Of
             Beere
             Caskes
             .
          
           
             THere
             is
             also
             daily
             proofe
             made
             ,
             
             what
             great
             inconveniences
             growes
             by
             the
             bad
             Caske
             which
             is
             used
             in
             his
             Majesties
             ships
             being
             commonly
             so
             ill
             seasoned
             and
             Conditioned
             ,
             as
             that
             a
             great
             part
             of
             the
             Beere
             is
             ever
             lost
             and
             cast
             away
             ,
             or
             (
             if
             for
             necessity
             it
             be
             used
             )
             it
             breeds
             Infection
             ,
             and
             Corrupts
             all
             those
             that
             drinke
             thereof
             .
             For
             the
             Victuallers
             for
             cheapnesse
             will
             buy
             stale
             Caske
             that
             hath
             been
             used
             for
             Herring
             ,
             Traine
             Oyle
             ,
             Fish
             ,
             and
             other
             such
             unsavory
             things
             ,
             and
             thereinto
             fill
             the
             beere
             that
             is
             provided
             for
             the
             Kings
             Ships
             .
             Besides
             the
             Caske
             is
             commonly
             so
             ill
             hooped
             ,
             as
             that
             there
             is
             
             wast
             and
             leaking
             made
             of
             the
             fourth
             part
             of
             all
             the
             drinke
             were
             it
             never
             so
             good
             ,
             which
             is
             a
             great
             expence
             to
             his
             Majesty
             ,
             a
             hinderance
             of
             service
             ,
             and
             a
             hazard
             of
             mens
             lives
             ,
             when
             the
             provision
             failes
             so
             much
             and
             answers
             not
             the
             Accompt
             .
             The
             which
             might
             easily
             be
             redressed
             ,
             if
             the
             Caske
             for
             his
             Majesties
             Shipping
             ,
             were
             purposely
             hooped
             in
             such
             sort
             as
             Wine
             Caske
             is
             ,
             or
             else
             hooped
             with
             Iron
             ,
             which
             would
             ever
             serve
             and
             save
             that
             continuall
             provision
             of
             new
             Caske
             ,
             which
             now
             falls
             out
             every
             voyage
             .
             But
             this
             course
             were
             more
             profitable
             for
             his
             Majesty
             then
             for
             his
             Officers
             ,
             and
             therefore
             unpleasing
             to
             be
             spoken
             of
             ,
             But
             yet
             such
             as
             serve
             in
             the
             Ships
             have
             good
             cause
             to
             wish
             the
             reformation
             thereof
             .
          
        
         
         
           
             Of
             the
             Cookroomes
             in
             his
             Majesties
             Ships
             .
          
           
             ANd
             whereas
             now
             the
             
             Cookroomes
             in
             all
             of
             his
             Majesties
             Ships
             are
             made
             below
             in
             hold
             in
             the
             wast
             ,
             the
             inconveniences
             thereof
             are
             found
             many
             wayes
             by
             daily
             use
             and
             experience
             .
             For
             first
             it
             is
             a
             great
             spoile
             and
             annoyance
             to
             all
             the
             drinke
             and
             victualls
             which
             are
             bestowed
             in
             the
             hold
             ,
             by
             the
             heat
             that
             comes
             from
             the
             Cookroome
             .
             Besides
             ,
             it
             is
             very
             dangerous
             for
             fire
             ,
             and
             very
             offensive
             with
             the
             smoake
             and
             unsavory
             smells
             which
             it
             sends
             from
             thence
             .
             Moreover
             it
             is
             a
             great
             weakening
             to
             a
             ship
             to
             have
             so
             much
             weight
             and
             charge
             at
             both
             the
             ends
             ,
             and
             nothing
             in
             the
             Mid-Ship
             ,
             
             which
             causeth
             them
             to
             warpe
             ,
             and
             (
             in
             the
             Sea-phrase
             ;
             
             and
             with
             Marriners
             )
             is
             tearmed
             Camberkeeld
             :
             whereas
             if
             the
             Cookroomes
             were
             made
             in
             the
             Forecastle
             (
             as
             very
             fitly
             they
             might
             be
             )
             all
             those
             Inconveniences
             above
             specified
             ,
             would
             be
             avoyded
             ,
             and
             then
             also
             would
             there
             be
             more
             roome
             for
             stowage
             of
             victualls
             ,
             or
             any
             other
             necessary
             provisions
             ,
             whereof
             there
             is
             now
             daily
             found
             great
             want
             .
             And
             the
             Commoditie
             of
             this
             new
             Cookroome
             the
             Merchants
             have
             found
             to
             be
             so
             great
             ,
             as
             that
             in
             all
             their
             Ships
             (
             for
             the
             most
             part
             )
             the
             Cookroomes
             are
             built
             in
             their
             Fore-Castles
             ,
             contrary
             to
             that
             which
             hath
             been
             anciently
             used
             .
             In
             which
             change
             notwithstanding
             ,
             they
             have
             found
             no
             inconvenience
             to
             their
             dressing
             of
             
             meat
             in
             foule
             weather
             ,
             but
             rather
             a
             great
             ease
             ,
             howbeit
             their
             Ships
             goe
             as
             long
             voyages
             as
             any
             ,
             and
             are
             for
             their
             burdens
             aswell
             mann'd
             .
             For
             if
             any
             stormes
             arise
             ,
             or
             the
             Sea
             grow
             so
             high
             as
             that
             the
             Kettle
             cannot
             Boyle
             in
             the
             Forecastles
             ,
             yet
             having
             with
             their
             Beere
             and
             Bisket
             ,
             Butter
             and
             Cheese
             ,
             and
             with
             their
             pickled
             Herrings
             ,
             Oyle
             ,
             Vineger
             and
             Onions
             ,
             or
             with
             their
             red
             Herrings
             and
             dry
             Sprats
             ,
             Oyle
             and
             Mustard
             ,
             and
             other
             like
             provisions
             that
             needs
             no
             fire
             ,
             these
             supply
             and
             varieties
             of
             victualls
             ,
             will
             very
             sufficiently
             content
             and
             nourish
             men
             for
             a
             time
             ,
             until
             the
             storme
             be
             over
             blowne
             that
             kept
             the
             Kettle
             from
             boyling
             .
          
        
         
         
           
             Of
             Mustering
             and
             pressing
             able
             Marriners
             .
          
           
             AS
             concerning
             the
             Musters
             
             and
             Presses
             for
             sufficient
             Marriners
             to
             serve
             in
             his
             Majesties
             Ships
             ,
             either
             the
             care
             therein
             is
             very
             little
             ,
             or
             the
             bribery
             very
             great
             ,
             so
             that
             of
             all
             other
             shipping
             ,
             his
             Majesties
             are
             ever
             the
             worst
             manned
             ,
             and
             at
             such
             times
             as
             the
             
               Commissioners
            
             Commissions
             come
             out
             for
             the
             pressing
             of
             Marriners
             ,
             the
             Officers
             doe
             set
             out
             the
             most
             needy
             and
             unable
             men
             ,
             and
             (
             for
             Considerations
             to
             themselves
             best
             knowne
             )
             doe
             discharge
             the
             better
             sort
             ,
             a
             matter
             so
             commonly
             used
             ,
             as
             that
             it
             is
             growne
             into
             a
             Proverbe
             amongst
             the
             Saylers
             ,
             That
             the
             Mustermasters
             doe
             carry
             the
             
             best
             and
             ablest
             men
             in
             their
             Pockets
             ,
             a
             Custome
             very
             evill
             and
             dangerous
             .
             
             where
             the
             service
             and
             use
             of
             men
             should
             come
             in
             tryall
             .
             For
             many
             of
             those
             poore
             Fishermen
             and
             Idlers
             ,
             that
             are
             cōmonly
             presented
             to
             his
             Majesties
             Ships
             ,
             are
             so
             ignorant
             in
             Sea-service
             ,
             as
             that
             they
             know
             not
             the
             name
             of
             a
             Rope
             ,
             and
             therefore
             insufficient
             for
             such
             labour
             .
             The
             which
             might
             easily
             bee
             redressed
             ;
             if
             the
             Vice-Admirall
             of
             the
             Shire
             where
             men
             are
             mustered
             ,
             and
             two
             Justices
             had
             directions
             given
             ,
             to
             joyn
             with
             the
             Muster-masters
             for
             the
             pressing
             of
             the
             best
             men
             whom
             they
             well
             know
             ,
             and
             would
             not
             suffer
             the
             service
             of
             their
             Prince
             and
             Country
             to
             be
             bought
             and
             sold
             ,
             as
             a
             private
             Muster
             master
             would
             doe
             .
             Besides
             ,
             the
             Captains
             
             tains
             themselves
             of
             the
             Ships
             ,
             if
             they
             bee
             bare
             and
             needy
             (
             though
             pitty
             it
             were
             that
             men
             of
             such
             condition
             should
             have
             such
             charge
             committed
             unto
             them
             )
             wil
             oftentimes
             for
             Commodity
             Chop
             and
             change
             away
             their
             good
             men
             ,
             and
             therefore
             it
             were
             sitly
             provided
             to
             bridle
             such
             odd
             Captains
             ,
             that
             neither
             they
             themselves
             ,
             nor
             any
             of
             their
             men
             ,
             should
             receive
             his
             Majesties
             pay
             but
             by
             the
             pole
             ,
             and
             according
             as
             they
             were
             set
             downe
             in
             the
             Officers
             books
             when
             they
             were
             delivered
             without
             changing
             of
             any
             names
             ,
             except
             to
             supply
             such
             men
             as
             are
             wanting
             by
             death
             or
             sicknesse
             ,
             upon
             good
             testimonie
             under
             the
             hands
             of
             the
             Master
             ,
             the
             Boat
             swayne
             ,
             the
             Master
             Gunner
             ,
             the
             Purser
             and
             other
             Officers
             of
             the
             ship
             .
             For
             it
             neerly
             
             concerns
             them
             to
             looke
             well
             thereunto
             ,
             having
             daily
             use
             of
             them
             .
          
        
         
           
             Of
             Arms
             and
             Munition
             .
          
           
             IT
             were
             a
             course
             very
             Comfortable
             ,
             defensive
             and
             honourable
             ,
             that
             there
             were
             for
             al
             his
             Majesties
             ships
             a
             proportion
             of
             Swords
             ,
             
             Targets
             of
             proof
             ,
             Moryons
             ,
             and
             Curatts
             of
             proofe
             ,
             allowed
             and
             set
             downe
             for
             every
             ship
             according
             to
             his
             burthen
             ,
             as
             a
             thing
             both
             Warlike
             ,
             and
             used
             in
             the
             King
             of
             
               Spains
            
             ships
             ,
             the
             want
             whereof
             as
             it
             is
             a
             great
             discouragement
             to
             men
             if
             they
             come
             to
             any
             neere
             fight
             or
             landing
             ,
             so
             would
             the
             use
             thereof
             be
             a
             great
             annoyance
             and
             tertifying
             to
             the
             enemy
             .
             And
             herein
             should
             his
             Majesty
             need
             to
             be
             at
             no
             extraordinary
             
             expence
             :
             For
             the
             abating
             of
             the
             superfluous
             great
             picces
             in
             every
             Ship
             ,
             with
             their
             allowance
             for
             Powder
             ,
             Match
             and
             Shot
             ,
             would
             supply
             the
             cost
             of
             this
             provision
             in
             very
             ample
             mannet
             .
          
        
         
           
             Of
             Captains
             to
             serve
             in
             his
             Majesties
             Ships
             .
          
           
             AT
             al
             such
             times
             as
             his
             Majest.
             ships
             are
             imployed
             in
             service
             ,
             it
             were
             very
             convenient
             that
             such
             Gentlemen
             as
             are
             his
             Majesties
             owne
             sworne
             servnats
             ,
             
             should
             be
             preferred
             to
             the
             charge
             of
             his
             Majesties
             Ships
             ,
             Choice
             being
             made
             of
             men
             of
             valour
             ,
             and
             Capacitie
             ;
             rather
             then
             to
             imploy
             other
             mens
             men
             ,
             And
             that
             other
             of
             his
             Majesties
             servants
             should
             be
             dispersed
             privately
             in
             those
             services
             to
             
             gaine
             experience
             ,
             and
             to
             make
             themselves
             able
             to
             take
             charge
             .
             By
             the
             which
             means
             his
             Majestie
             should
             ever
             have
             Gentlemen
             of
             good
             accompt
             his
             owne
             servants
             ,
             Captains
             of
             his
             owne
             Ships
             ,
             instead
             of
             pettie
             Companions
             and
             other
             mens
             servants
             ,
             who
             are
             often
             imployed
             ,
             being
             (
             indeed
             )
             a
             great
             indignity
             to
             his
             Majesty
             ,
             to
             his
             shipping
             and
             to
             his
             owne
             Gentlemen
             .
             For
             that
             in
             times
             past
             ,
             it
             hath
             been
             reputed
             a
             great
             grace
             to
             any
             man
             of
             the
             best
             sort
             ,
             to
             have
             the
             Charge
             of
             the
             Princes
             ship
             cōmitted
             unto
             him
             ,
             and
             by
             this
             means
             there
             would
             ever
             be
             true
             report
             made
             unto
             the
             Pr.
             what
             proceedings
             are
             used
             in
             the
             service
             ,
             which
             these
             meaner
             sort
             of
             Captains
             dare
             not
             doe
             ,
             for
             feare
             of
             displeasing
             the
             Lords
             their
             Masters
             ,
             by
             whom
             
             they
             are
             preferred
             ,
             or
             being
             of
             an
             inferiour
             quality
             ,
             have
             no
             good
             accesse
             to
             the
             Presence
             of
             the
             Prince
             ,
             whereby
             to
             have
             fit
             opportunity
             to
             make
             relation
             accordingly
             .
          
           
             But
             now
             forasmuch
             as
             I
             doubt
             not
             ,
             but
             that
             some
             contrary
             spirits
             may
             or
             will
             object
             this
             as
             a
             sufficient
             reason
             to
             infirme
             all
             those
             points
             that
             I
             
             have
             have
             formerly
             spoken
             of
             ,
             and
             say
             unto
             me
             ,
             why
             should
             his
             Majesty
             and
             the
             State
             bee
             troubled
             with
             this
             needlesse
             Charge
             of
             keeping
             and
             maintaining
             so
             great
             a
             Navy
             in
             such
             exquisite
             perfection
             ,
             and
             readinesse
             ?
             the
             times
             being
             now
             peaceable
             ,
             and
             little
             use
             of
             Armes
             or
             Ships
             of
             Warre
             ,
             either
             at
             home
             or
             abroad
             ,
             but
             all
             safe
             and
             secure
             ,
             aswell
             by
             the
             uniting
             of
             the
             two
             Nations
             ,
             as
             
             by
             the
             peace
             which
             we
             hold
             with
             
               Spaine
               ,
            
             and
             all
             other
             Christian
             Princes
             .
             To
             this
             I
             answer
             ,
             that
             this
             (
             indeed
             )
             may
             stand
             (
             at
             the
             first
             sight
             )
             for
             a
             prettie
             supersiciall
             argument
             to
             bleare
             our
             eys
             ,
             and
             lull
             us
             asleep
             in
             security
             ,
             and
             make
             us
             negligent
             and
             carelesse
             of
             those
             causes
             from
             whence
             the
             effects
             of
             peace
             grows
             ,
             and
             by
             the
             vertue
             whereof
             it
             must
             be
             maintained
             .
             But
             we
             must
             not
             flatter
             and
             deceive
             our selves
             ,
             to
             thinke
             that
             this
             Calme
             and
             Concord
             proceeds
             either
             from
             a
             setled
             immutable
             tranquillity
             in
             the
             world
             (
             which
             is
             full
             of
             alterations
             and
             various
             humours
             )
             or
             from
             the
             good
             affections
             of
             our
             late
             enemies
             ,
             who
             have
             tasted
             too
             many
             disgraces
             ,
             repulses
             ,
             and
             losses
             ,
             by
             our
             forces
             and
             shipping
             ,
             to
             wish
             our
             State
             so
             much
             
             felicity
             as
             a
             happy
             and
             peaceable
             government
             ,
             if
             otherwise
             they
             had
             power
             to
             hinder
             it
             .
             And
             therefore
             though
             the
             sword
             be
             put
             into
             the
             Sheath
             ,
             we
             must
             not
             suffer
             it
             there
             to
             rust
             ,
             or
             stick
             so
             fast
             ,
             as
             that
             we
             shall
             not
             be
             able
             to
             draw
             it
             readily
             when
             need
             requires
             .
             For
             albeit
             our
             enemies
             have
             of
             late
             years
             sought
             peace
             with
             us
             ,
             yet
             yet
             hath
             it
             proceeded
             out
             of
             the
             former
             tryall
             of
             our
             forces
             in
             times
             of
             war
             and
             Enmity
             .
             And
             therefore
             we
             may
             well
             say
             of
             them
             as
             
               Anneus
               (
               Pretor
            
             of
             the
             Latines
             )
             said
             of
             the
             Roman
             Ambassadours
             ,
             who
             seemed
             curious
             and
             carefull
             to
             have
             the
             League
             maintained
             betweene
             them
             (
             which
             the
             Roman
             estate
             was
             not
             accustomed
             to
             seeke
             at
             their
             neighbours
             hands
             )
             and
             thereupon
             saith
             this
             
               Anneus
               ,
               
               unde
               haec
               illis
               tanta
               modestia
               nisi
               ex
               cognitione
               virium
               &
               nostrarum
               &
               suarum
               .
            
             For
             with
             the
             like
             consideration
             and
             respect
             have
             our
             late
             enemies
             sought
             to
             renew
             the
             ancient
             friendship
             and
             peace
             with
             us
             .
             And
             well
             we
             may
             be
             assured
             ,
             that
             if
             those
             powerfull
             means
             whereby
             we
             reduced
             them
             to
             that
             modesty
             and
             curtesie
             as
             to
             seeke
             us
             ,
             were
             utterly
             laid
             aside
             and
             neglected
             ,
             so
             as
             we
             could
             not
             againe
             upon
             occasion
             readily
             assume
             the
             use
             and
             benefit
             of
             them
             ,
             as
             we
             have
             done
             ,
             those
             proud
             mastering
             spirits
             ,
             finding
             us
             at
             such
             advantage
             ,
             would
             be
             more
             ready
             and
             willing
             to
             shake
             us
             by
             the
             ears
             as
             enemies
             ,
             then
             to
             take
             us
             by
             the
             hands
             as
             friends
             .
             And
             therefore
             far
             be
             it
             from
             our
             hearts
             to
             trust
             more
             to
             that
             friendship
             of
             strangers
             ,
             that
             is
             but
             dissembled
             
             upon
             policy
             and
             necessity
             ,
             then
             to
             the
             strength
             of
             our
             owne
             forces
             ,
             which
             hath
             been
             experienced
             with
             so
             happy
             successe
             .
             I
             confesse
             that
             peace
             is
             a
             great
             blessing
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             blessed
             are
             the
             Peacemakers
             ,
             and
             therefore
             doubtlesse
             blessed
             are
             those
             means
             whereby
             peace
             is
             gained
             and
             maintained
             .
             For
             well
             we
             know
             that
             God
             worketh
             all
             things
             here
             amongst
             us
             mediatly
             by
             a
             secondary
             means
             ,
             The
             which
             meanes
             of
             our
             defence
             and
             safety
             being
             shipping
             ,
             and
             Sea-Forces
             ,
             are
             to
             be
             esteemed
             as
             his
             guifts
             ,
             and
             then
             only
             availeable
             and
             beneficiall
             ,
             when
             he
             withall
             vouchsafeth
             his
             grace
             to
             use
             them
             aright
             .
          
           
             FINIS
             .
          
           
        
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A70942e-130
           
             Officers
             under
             the
             Lo
             :
             Admirall
             to
             bee
             men
             of
             the
             best
             experience
             in
             Sea-service
             .
          
           
             No
             Ships
             to
             be
             builded
             by
             the
             great
             .
          
           
             Officers
             of
             the
             Admiraltie
             exactly
             to
             look
             into
             the
             sound
             building
             of
             Ships
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             The
             greatest
             Ships
             least
             serviceable
             .
          
           
             The
             Spaniards
             phrase
             .
          
           
             A
             caution
             for
             Shipwrights
             .
          
           
             
               Mary
               Rose
            
             in
             11.
             8.
             time
             .
          
           
             Speciall
             observation
             .
          
           
             The
             high
             charging
             of
             Ships
             a
             principall
             cause
             that
             brings
             them
             all
             ill
             qualities
             .
          
           
             Ease
             of
             many
             Cabbins
             and
             safety
             at
             once
             in
             Sea-service
             not
             to
             be
             expected
             .
          
           
             His
             Majesties
             Navy
             (
             in
             such
             sort
             as
             they
             are
             )
             not
             to
             bee
             pend
             up
             in
             
               Rochester-water
            
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             Wight
             ,
             Portsmouth
             ,
             Garnsey
             
               and
            
             lersey
             ,
             Devonshire
             Cornwall
             ,
             Wales
             ,
             
               or
            
             Ireland
             .
          
           
             
               Portsmouth
               ,
               Dartmouth
               ,
               Plymouth
               ,
               Falmouth
               ,
               Milford
            
             and
             divers
             others
             ,
             Harbours
             very
             capable
             and
             convenient
             for
             Shipping
             ▪
             
          
           
             Halfe
             a
             dozen
             or
             eight
             of
             milding
             Ships
             and
             ships
             and
             some
             Pynnaces
             to
             lye
             in
             the
             West
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             Ash-water
             
               by
            
             Plymouth
             .
          
           
             Nota.
             
          
           
             Charges
             of
             Conduct
             money
             for
             Marriners
             well
             saved
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             A
             Magazin
             of
             all
             manner
             of
             necessary
             provisions
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             His
             Majesties
             ships
             not
             to
             be
             overcharged
             and
             pestered
             with
             great
             Ordnance
             as
             they
             are
             .
          
           
             Royall
             Batterie
             for
             a
             Prince
             .
          
           
             Needlesse
             expence
             of
             superfluous
             powder
             and
             shot
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             The
             journey
             to
             the
             Islands
             .
          
           
             Spaniards
             Armado
             in
             88.
             
          
           
             Easterling
             Hulkes
             .
          
           
             Great
             error
             committed
             in
             manner
             of
             Calking
             his
             Majesties
             ships
             with
             rotten
             Ocum
             .
          
           
             Censure
             taken
             of
             the
             best
             Seamen
             of
             England
             .
          
           
             His
             Majesties
             allowance
             for
             victualling
             Ships
             very
             large
             and
             honourable
             ,
          
           
             Great
             inconvenience
             by
             bad
             Caske
             used
             in
             his
             Majesties
             ships
             
          
           
             The
             great
             Inconveniences
             of
             the
             Cookrooms
             in
             all
             his
             Majesties
             Ships
             made
             below
             in
             hold
             in
             the
             wast
             .
          
           
             Sea-phrase
             .
          
           
             Musters
             and
             Presses
             for
             sufficient
             marriners
             to
             serve
             in
             his
             Majesties
             Ships
             the
             care
             therein
             very
             little
             ,
             or
             the
             bribery
             very
             great
             .
          
           
             The
             Saylers
             Proverbe
             .
          
           
             A
             proportion
             of
             Swords
             Targets
             of
             proofe
             and
             the
             like
             allowed
             ;
             and
             set
             downe
             for
             every
             Ship
             according
             to
             his
             burthen
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             His
             Majesties
             owne
             sworne
             Servants
             to
             be
             preferred
             to
             the
             charge
             of
             his
             Majesties
             Ships
             .
          
           
             Objection
             .