The riches of mercie In two treatises: 1 Lydia's conversion. 2. A rescue from death. By the late learned, and reverend divine, Richard Sibbs, Doctor in Divinitie. Published by the authors own appointment, and subscribed with his owne hand to prevent imperfect copies. Sibbes, Richard, 1577-1635. 1638 Approx. 170 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 137 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2003-03 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A12191 STC 22501 ESTC S100975 99836802 99836802 1090 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A12191) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 1090) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1475-1640 ; 1188:9) The riches of mercie In two treatises: 1 Lydia's conversion. 2. A rescue from death. By the late learned, and reverend divine, Richard Sibbs, Doctor in Divinitie. Published by the authors own appointment, and subscribed with his owne hand to prevent imperfect copies. Sibbes, Richard, 1577-1635. [2], 108, [16]; 146, [2] p. Printed by I[ohn] D[awson] for Francis Eglesfeild, and are to be sold by him at the signe of the Marigold in Pauls Church-yard, London : 1638. Printer's name from STC. "A rescue from death" (caption title) has separate pagination beginning on ² B1. Includes index. With a final imprimatur leaf. Reproduction of the original in the Folger Shakespeare Library. Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford. 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Keying and markup guidelines are available at the Text Creation Partnership web site . eng God -- Mercy -- Early works to 1800. 2002-11 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2002-12 SPi Global Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2003-01 Emma (Leeson) Huber Sampled and proofread 2003-01 Emma (Leeson) Huber Text and markup reviewed and edited 2003-02 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion THE RICHES OF MERCIE . In two Treatises ; 1 Lydia's Conversion . 2. A Rescue from death . By the late learned , and reverend Divine , RICHARD SIBBS , Doctor in Divinitie . Published by the Authors own appointment , and subscribed with his owne hand to prevent imperfect Copies . 1 SAM . 2.6 . The Lord killeth , and maketh alive ; hee bringeth downe to the Grave , and bringeth up . LONDON Printed by I. D. for Francis Eglesfeild , and are to be sold by him at the signe of the Marigold in Pauls Church-yard . 1638. LYDIAS Conversion . ACT. 16.14 . And a certaine woman named Lydia , a seller of Purple , of the Citie of Thyatira , that worshipped God , whose heart the Lord opened , that shee attended to the things that were spoken of Paul. And when , &c. THE holy Apostle Saint Paula vessell of mercie , having found mercie himselfe of God , was a fit instrument to preach mercy to others . Hereupon he was appointed to be a preacher to the Gentiles . Among the rest of the Gentiles , he was called to preach to them of Macedonia , and it was by a vision , as we see in the former part of the Chapter . A man of Macedonia , appeared to Paul by night and sayd Come to Macedonia ▪ and helpe us . Indeed the state of the people of Macedonia called for help , as now the state of many people doth : though there be not such a vision as a man of Macedonia , yet their wretched estate ( being under the Kingdome of Satan ) cries Come and help us , though they doe not crie with their mouthes , yet their estate cries . The Apostle upon this vision , takes his journey to come toward Macedonia , and he stayed there a good while ; Hee abode certaine dayes . Though God called him to Macedonia : yet God did not giue him great incouragement for the present . This is the manner of Gods carriage , not to discouer at the present what he wil doe , but leads people on by gentle incouragements : and to humble them the more with little fruit at the first , hee abode there certaine dayes , without any great fruit . Afterwards he goes out to Philippi ( the cheife City in Macedonia , and on the Sabbath day , the people were gathered together : a company of women were resorted together , and there he preached to them : As indeed holy communion is never without a blessing ; they met together on a good day , the Sabbath , and for a good end they were met together ; Now Paul tooke the advantage of their meeting together on the Sabbath day , he cast his net , and he catcheth one with her family , namely Lydia . The Gospell was a sweete savour of salvation to her . Hereupon there is a discourse of Lydia , a short story of Lydia , a story worthy to bee thought of , which is in the words of my text . A certaine woman named Lydia , &c. SHee is described First by her person , and sex , a certaine woman . By her name Lydia . By her calling a seller of purple . By her citie Thiatira . By her pious disposition , shee worshipped God. And then her conversion is set downe , by the cause of it . God opened her heart . And what followed upon that opening of her heart , shee attended to the things that were spoken by Paul , and likewise shee was baptised with all her household . And then the sweet fruit that this conversion of her with all her household had presently shee shewed the loue ( that shee felt from God in converting her ) to the blessed Apostle and his company , shee besought them saying , If yee haue judged mee faithfull to the Lord , Come to my house , &c. which words I shall vnfold as I come to them . And a certaine woman named Lydia , a seller of purple , &c. FIRST here-is a description of her person , and sexe , and name , and calling , and city , and disposition . God takes notice of all the particulars of those that are his , he delights to speake of them , those that haue their names written in the booke of life , hee knowes their names , and callings , and persons , they are as Iewels in his eye , they are written on the palmes of his hands , hee takes more speciall notice of them then of the rest of the world : Therefore the Apostle is very punctuall in the description of all particulars . For her person I will be very short , I will giue but a note or two , and so come to that I mainly ayme at , her conversion . A certaine woman named Lydia . FOR her sex , shee , and the rest were women that were gathered together , as wee see in the former verse . In Christ Iesus there is neither male nor female . Sin came in by a woman , and the meanes of salvation was by a woman too , here were a company of women gathered together . For the most part women haue sweet affections to religion , and therein they oft goe beyond men . The reason is , Religion is especially seated in the affections : and they haue sweet and strong affections . Likewise they are subiect to weakenesse , and God delights to shew his strength in weaknesse . And thirdly , especially Child bearing-women , bring others into this life with danger of their own , therefore they are forced to a nearer communion with God , because so many children as they bring forth , they are in perill of their liues . Therefore the Apostle here mentions a company of women that were gathered together , and among the rest , a Certaine woman named Lydia . What! a woman to bee the foundation of the Church of Macedonia , a poore woman , and then a Gaoler afterward , a rugged rough Gaoler : for these to be the foundation of so famous a Church as Philippi and other Churches in Macedonia ! Oh! yes ; the Kingdome of heauen is as a graine of mustard seed small in the beginning . It is so in regard of the Church it selfe ; and in regard of the grace , that euery particular member hath , it is little and weake beginnings Christians are not as the Angels were , perfect at the first : The Church growes by little , and little . Therefore we should not be discouraged when the plantation of the Gospell hath poore successe at the beginning : We see in the Church of Macedonia , there was little successe at the first : A woman and a rough Gaoler , a Gaoler that both by calling , and disposition , and custome was a man , hard and hardned too : yet these two were the foundation of a great Church . Was it not so among our selues ? The Church of latter times , in the time of reformation , how began it ? By a child , and a woman , King Edward the sixt , and Queene Elizabeth of famous memory ▪ Therfore as the Prophet sayth , Who art thou that despisest the day of little things ? despise not little things . There is nothing lesse then grace at the first : But as Christ the stocke of Iesse , rose from the dead and rose up to heaven , and overspreads the world now so euery Christian riseth of meane beginnings : and so doth the Church it selfe . A certaine woman named Lydia , shee was the foundation of a famous Church . Then shee is set downe by her calling . A Seller of Purple . GOD allowes callings . The calling of Christianity is shewed in particular callings , which are sanctified by God to subdue the excesse of corruptions . Men without callings are exceeding vicious , as some Gentlemen , and beggars , in this I may ranke them together : those that haue no callings , nor fit themselues for a calling , and that are out of a calling lawfull . Callings are lawfull . And so this calling of commerce , and trade , A seller of purple : Though for the most part men gather a great deale of soile , and corruption , by commixture of manners with those they deale with : yet there must be commerce , and this particular commerce of selling of Purple . The body of man needs many callings , there is not a part of mans body , not one member , but it sets a particular calling on work Therefore this life is a life of many necessities ? and there must be callings and trading , and this particular trading , selling of purple . It may seeme superfluous , but it is not altogether : for Garments are for 3. ends . For Necessity . Ornament . Distinction . Now purple , howeuer it be not for necessity , it is for ornament , and distinction , for Magistrats , and the like , persons of great quality . How-ever the pride of the times hath bred a confusion , that one will goe as well as another yet God that allowes distinction of callings , and persons , allowes distinction of habit , and attire Therefore selling of purple is lawfull and the wearing of rich attire . Kings daughters went in such , as it is sayd of Davids daughters . So there bee not over much delicacie : for delicacie in this , in these times is fatall as there be many in the City , and in the countries that are given to over-much nicitie , and sumptuousnes in this kind ; it is a fore runner of ruine . Otherwise it is lawfull ( for those that may , ) to weare purple , as it is lawfull to sell Purple , so that ( as he sayd to the great Emperour ) they doe not consider the purple so much , as that the purple couers dust , and base flesh that must turne to dust and ashes , and rottennesse ere long , so that people bee not lift up in that , that is borrowed from the poore creature , from wormes . It is a strange thing that men should be so sicke in their fancie , as to thinke themselues the better for that they beg of the poor creature : so a man take heed of fancie and pride , it is lawfull to use purple , Shee was a seller of Purple , So much for her calling . Shee worshipped God. SHEE was perhaps a Iew , and looked for a Messias . There were 3. sorts of people before Christ. The Iewes and those that we call prose lites ; and Religious persons fearing God. Shee might be one of the three it is not certaine what shee was . Certainely shee was one that feared God ▪ She had some religion in her , though yet shee was not ripened in the true Religion , shee was a woman that feared God. From such kind of places as this , we haue occasion to speake of workes of preparation . Saint Paul was sent to her , shee was a woman that feared God. To speak a little of works of preparation . It is true , God usually prepares those that hee meanes to convert : as we plow before we sow , wee doe not sow among the thornes , and we dig deep to lay a foundation , wee purge before Cordialls . It is usuall in nature , and in grace preparations : therfore preparations are necessary . There is such a distance betweene the nature , and corruption of man , and grace , that there must be a great deale of preparation , many degrees to rise by before a man come to that condition hee should bee in , therefore preparations we allow , and the necessity of them . But we allow this , that all preparations are from God , wee cannot prepare our selues , or deserue future things by our preparations ; for the preparations themselues are of God. And thirdly , though we grant preparations yet we grant no force of a meritorious cause in preparations to produce such an effect as conversion is : No ; only preparation is to remooue the hindrances , and to fit the soule for conversion that there may not be so great a distance beetweene the soule , and conversion , as without preparation there would be . But when is preparation sufficient ? When the soul is so farre cast downe , as it sets a high price on Christ , and on grace aboue all things in the world , it accounts grace the onely pearle , and the Gospel to be the Kingdome of heaven : when a man sets a high price on grace more then all the world besides then a man is sufficiently prepared , Some poore soules think they are neuer prepared enough : but let them looke to the end that God will haue preparation for that is , that a high price be set upon the best things , and value all things but grace meanely in their owne ranke , when a man is brought to that pitch that by the light of the spirit , hee esteemes all nothing but Christ , and that hee must be had , and he must haue sauing grace let him neuer talke whether hee bee prepared or no. This disposition shewes that he is prepared enough , at least to bring him to conversion . Now , God in preparation for the most part Civilizeth people , and then Christianizeth them as I may say : for the spirit of GOD will not be effectuall in a rude wild , and barbarous soule , in men that are not men ; Therefore they must bee brought to Civilitie , and not only to civilitie , but there must be a worke of the law , to cast them downe , and then they are brought to Christianitie thereupon . Therefore they take a good course that labour to breake them from their naturall rudenesse , and feircenesse : as by nature every man is like a wild asse-Colt , there cannot be more significant words a Colt , an asse Colt , and wild . Now ther is no sowing in the sand or on the water : there is no forcing of grace on a soule so farre indisposed that is not brought to Civilitie , rude , and barbarous soules therefore Gods manner is to bring them in the compasse of Civilitie , and then seeing what their estate is in the corruption of nature to deject them and then to bring them to Christianity as we see here in Lydia . For howeuer there is no force of a meritorious cause in preparations to grace , to raise up the soule to grace : for alas that cannot be ! it is not in it , to produce such a blessed effect : yet notwithstanding it brings a man to a lesse distance then other wild creatures that come not within the compasse of the means . Therefore vsually to those that use the talents of their vnderstanding and will , that they haue well , God after discovers himselfe more , and more . Therfore let all be incouraged to grow more , and more to courses of civility , and Religion , and wait the good time , till God shine on them in mercy : For though those courses can neuer produce religion , yet it brings men to a proximity , and nearenesse to God , and Christ , more then those that stand further off . But I will not force this point further at this time - Shee was a woman that feared , and worshipped God. Shee was faithfull in that light shee had , and to him that hath shal be given . Shee worspipped God. NOT in any sight of her owne , she had the grace of God from the spirit of God. All feare comes from the spirit of God , initiall feare , and ripened feare , all feare is from God , but I will not conflict with adversaries at this time . You see the person , a woman , her calling ; A seller of purple , and her pious disposition , shee was such a one as worshipped God ; And she heard Paul. The sweete providence of God , brings those that belong to Election , vnder the compasse of the means at one time or other . Let the divell , and the instruments of the Divell , rage and oppose , and doe what they can ; those that belong to God , God will haue a time to bring them within the compasse of his calling , and effectually call them by his spirit . As here Lydia , there was a sweete preventing providence that shee never thought of , God brought an Apostle for the saluation of her soule , shee heard Paul and was converted . To come to the description of her conversion in the next words . Whose heart the Lord opened to attend to the things that were spoken of Paul. GOD opened her heart . To what purpose ? To attend to the things spoken of Paul. God by the word preached opens the heart ; to attend to the word : by the word , we are fitted to the word . The spirit and the word draw us to themselues : The spirit , and the word draw us to regard the word , by the word her heart was opened to attend to the word . First I will speake of the opening her heart : And then of her attending upon the word preached by Paul. God opened her heart . Shee was a religious woman yet her heart was shut before God opened it . Shee was religious in her kind , yet her heart must be further opened before shee could bee saved . There is no staying in preparations in this or that degree : as many abortiues in our times that make many offers ; they haue the spirit of bondage , and are cast downe : but there they stick and neuer come to proofe . But those that will attaine to salvation , must not rest in religious dispositions , in good affections , and gracious offers , they must goe on further and further , as wee see here , God opened her heart . Obserue then in the opening of the heart these things . 1 First the heart is naturally shut , and closed up as indeed it is to spirituall things : it is open enough to the world , and to base contentments here , but it is shut to heauen and heauenly things , naturally it is cleane locked up . Partly in its owne nature , being corrupt , and earthly , partly because Sathan he beseigeth all the senses , and shuts up all . There is a spirit of deafenesse , and blindnesse , and a spirit of darknes , and deafnesse in people , before God hath brought them by the powerfull worke of the Gospell , from the Kingdome of Satan , that poffesseth every man naturally . Naturally therefore our hearts are not open , but locked and shut up ( that is supposed here ) so that except God be mercifull to breake the prison as it were , whereby by vnbeleife , and the wickednesse of our nature we are shutt up , there is no hope of salvation at all . God opens the heart . The second thing is this , that as our hearts are shut and closed up naturally : 2 so God , and God alone opens the heart , by his spirit in the use of the means , God opened Lydia's heart . God hath many keyes , he hath the key of heauen , to cōmand the raine to come downe , he hath the key of the wombe , the key of hell , and the graue , and the key of the heart , especially , He opens , and no man shuts , and shuts and no men opens . He hath the key of the heart , to open the vnderstanding , the memory , the will , and affections . God , and God only hath the key of the heart to open that , it is his prerogatiue . He made the heart , and he onely hath to doe with the heart , he can vnmake it , and make it new againe , as those that make locks can doe . And if the heart be in ill temper , hee can take it in peices , and bring it to nothing as it were ( as it must be before conversion ) and he can make it a new heart againe . It is God that opens the heart , and God only . All the Angels in heauen cannot giue one grace , not the least grace ; Grace comes meerly from God : it is meerly from God : All the creatures in the world cannot open the heart , but God only by his holy spirit : For nature cannot doe aboue its sphere ( as we say ) aboue its owne power . Naturall things can doe but naturall things . For nature to raise it selfe up to beleeue heavenly things it cannot be . Therefore as you see vapours goe as high as the sunne drawes them up and no higher : so the soule of man is lift up to heauenly th●ngs by the power of Gods spirit : God drawes us and then we follow : God I say onely openeth the heart . Because there is not only want of strength in the soule , 1 to open it selfe : but likewise there is enmity , and poyson in the heart , ●o shut it selfe , and shut out all goodnesse . A man hath no senses to spirituall things ; no eyes , no eares , no taft , no life . Nay there is an opposition to all . 2 A naturall man perceiveth not the things of God , neither can he , he wants senses : and those senses hee hath are set against goodnesse , as the Apostle saith he esteemeth them foolishnesse . I need not bee much in so easie an argument , that you are well enough acquainted with . Naturally the heart is shut , and God only must open it . This should teach us patience , when we can do little good with those that are under us by all our instructions , and corrections wait the due time . Grace is not of thy giving , the heart is not of thy opening , or of any mans opening : therefore as it is 2 Tim. 2. waite , and beare with patience men of contrarie minds , waiting when God in due time giue them grace to repent . Grace is Gods creature it is none of our owne . Therefore take heed that we be not short , & angry spirited , if we cannot haue all we would haue of those that are under us , children , or servants , let us waite Gods time , he opens the heart in his time . And if wee find not grace wrought in our owne hearts at the first , or second or third sermon Let us doe as hee at the Poole of Bethesda , lie there till the Angell stirre the water , till God bee effectuall by his spirit . God doth it and he only doth it , only we must waite , he will doe it in his good time , be not ouer short-spirited . This we ought to obserue out of these words God opened the heart of Lydia . The heart is put for the whole soule , he opened her understanding to conceiue : for all things beegin with heauenly light of the understanding all grace comes into the soule by the understanding . There is no sanctifying grace in the affections but it comes by enlightning the understanding , we see the grounds of it in the understanding first : God opens the understanding , and then he opens the memory to retaine . That the memory may bee as the pot of Mannah to hold heauenly things : he opens and strengthens it with retention to keepe them , and he opens the will to close with holy things , and the affections to joy and delight in them . So the heart is the whole inward man , he not only enlightens the understanding , but infuseth grace into the will , and affections , into the whole inward man. We must take it in that extent for else if God should only open the understanding , and not through the understanding flow into the will by the power of his spirit , the will would alway rebell : as indeed it is a poysonfull thing ; there is nothing so malicious next the divell , as the will of man. God will haue one way , and it will haue another : Therefore God doth not only open the vnderstanding to conceiue , but he opens the will to close with , and to imbrace that that is good ; or else it will take head , and take armes against the understanding in that that is good , and neuer come to the worke of grace : Therefore take it so , he opened the will and affections as well as the understanding : though what-soeuer is in the will , and affections , comes through the understāding , as well as heate comes through light . God opened her heart , to what end ? To attend to the things that were spoken of Paul. THe word signifies , to applie , and set her mind to the things that Paul said , to joyne and fasten the mind , to what Paul sayd . First you see then , here is the opening of the heart before there is attending , before there can bee any attending , and applying of the mind , the mind must be sanctified , and strengthened : the soule must be sanctified before it can attend . The reason is ; nothing can flow but from a sutable facultie , and ability to attend is a power and act of the soule , it must come from a sanctified power of the soule , the heart must first bee opened , and then the heart attends . God sayth , he will circumcise the heart , and then we shall loue him , he sanctifies the heart , and then it loues him . God changeth and altereth the frame of the soule , and then holy actions come from it . First , grace begins with the abilities and powers of the soule , the heart is opened , and then come holy actions sutable . There is no proportion betweene holy actions , and an vnsanctified soule , the heart must first be opened , and then it attends . Whose heart the Lord opened that shee attended , &c. YOU see then in the next place , that God opening the heart of any Christian , it is to carrie the attention to the word . God by grace carries the heart to the word , shee attended to what Paul spake . Where true grace is wrought it carries not to speculation or to practise this or that idle dreame , but where the heart is open , grace carries to attend to the word , especially to the good word the Gospell of Christ. As grace is wrought by the word : so it carries the soule to the word . And therefore it may be a use of tryall to know whether wee haue our hearts wrought on by the grace of God or no , whether GOD by his spirit haue opened our hearts or no ? if our hearts be carried to the blessed word of God to rellish that . If they be , God hath opened our hearts to attend to the word . And there is no better evidence of a child of God , then that that is fetched from the affection that hee carries to the word and blessed truth of God : Oh! he rellisheth it as his appointed food , he cannot be without it , take away that , and you take away his life . My Sheepe heare my voyce , you are none of mine because you heare not my word . A delight in the blessed truth of God is an argument that God hath first opened the heart . Therefore poore soules when they want good evidence , when they doubt whether their estate be good or no ? Let them consider what rellish they have of diuine truths . Whether it be connaturall to the word or no ? whether it be savourie or no ? whether they could be without the meanes of salvation or no ? and let them judge of themselves by their delight in Gods truth , her heart was opened to attend to the word . Shee attended to the things which were spoken of Paul. WHich were the blessed truths of salvation . The forgiuenesse of sinnes , The free mercy of God in Christ. The particulars are not set downe , but it was the Gospell , and shee beleeued upon it , therefore it must needes be the word of faith : We see heere then , that The seed and ground of faith is the Gospell . Her heart was opened to attend to that , that Paul spake which was the Gospell . And indeed so it is . The foundation of faith , the word of faith is the Gospell : nothing can breed faith but the word of God : for how can wee hope for heauen , and happinesse , but by the mind of God discovered ? Can we looke for any thing but GOD must discover his mind to bestow it ? and where haue wee the mind and bosome of God opened to us , is it not from the scriptures the word of God , from the good word especially ? It is called the word of grace , and the word of the Kingdome , and of glory ; The word of life : because by it all these blessed things are conveyed to us . Now it is not the word simply here , but the word spoken by Paul , that is , the word preached by an authorized minister , is the usuall meanes of faith , her heart was opened to attend to what was spoken by Paul an authorized minister , so the word preached is the ordinary though not the sole foundation of faith . Therefore the Apostle saith , that God by that converted the world , by the foolishnesse of preaching , And in the ladder of heauen in Rom. 10. How shall they call on him of whom they haue not heard and how shall they preach except they bee sent : so there is no faith without teaching . The point is playne , you heare it oft : The word is the ground of faith , and the word especially as it is preached by a Paul , by a Minister unfolding it . Therefore be stirred up as yee fauour the soules of Gods people , to pray to God to send labourers into his harvest , and to pray that the Gospell and the preaching of it may haue a free passage , that God would set vp lights in all the darke corners of the kingdome , and every where to those that are in darkenesse , and in the shadow of death : And blessed are their indeauour that labour , that the Gospell may be preached in euery part of the Kingdom . For we see here , it is the word unfolded , the unsearchable riches of Christ spread open , the Tapestry laid open , that usually beget faith . The mine must be digged : people must see it familiarly layd open . Therfore saith he here , Lydia's heart was opened , and shee attended to the word spoken by Paul. Let this teach us to set a price upon the ordinance of God : doth God set up an ordinance ; and will he not giue vertue , and power to it ? Yes : there is a majesty , and a power in the word of God to pul people out of the Kingdome of Sathan , to the blessed light of Gods Kingdome . It was the word , and the word opened by the ministery of Paul. But it was the word , and the word opened , and attended to , shee mixed it with her attention and her heart closed with it . There are these 3. goe together . The word , and the word preached , and then attending to the word preachedth at was the ground of her faith , these 3. meeting together . There are these foure things must alwayes be in the senses of our body . 4 If wee will see there must be an object to see , we must see something ; and a facultie to see , our eye ; and then a light whereby wee see we cannot see in the dark And then there must bee an application of the eye to see the object by that light . So in spirituall things there is the blessed truth of God , the mercie of God in Iesus Christ : that wee may see these things , wee must haue a light by which we may see them . And there must be a power to see which is the sanctified opened understanding , when the understanding is opened , then there is an application of the soule to attend to the word of God , by the light of the word . So that there must be application , and attention to the word : before the word can doe us good , it must be applyed to the object , the tast to the thing tasted , and so in all the other senses . Attention is a speciall thing : how many sermons are lost in this Citie , that are as seed drowned , that never come to fruite ? I thinke there is no place in the world where there is so much preaching , and no place , where there are so many sermons lost ; why ; because people want a retaining power , and facultie to attend , and retaine and keepe what wee heare shee attended to the word preached . To giue a little direction in this poynt of attending , and applying the mind , not to speake much I will name two or three principall things that I thinke fit at this time . If we would come , 1 as we should , to the word preached : let us search our wants before wee come , and all the occasions wee shall have to encounter with , all temptations , that we are like to encounter with , let us fore-cast by presenting to our soules . I am weake in knowledge , and I want such graces . I am like to encounter with such temptations , I am too weake for it ; I shall meete with such adversaries , I know not how to answer them , I am plunged in such businesses , I shall be lost in them without grace : then the soule comes with a mind to be supplied , and then it will attend , and wll pray for the preacher ! Oh Lord direct him that he may speak fitly to me , somewhat for my understanding , somewhat for my affections , somewhat to helpe me against such , & such a temptation : this is wanting , and therfore we profit no more by the word then we doe . Then when we come to heare the word , 2 let us heare it with all spirituall subjection , as that Word that hath power to Command the conscience . This is the word of God : the Minister of God speaks in the place of God to me . I must give an account of it . I will subject my conscience to it : It is spoken with evidence , and proved , I will stoupe to it . Thus we should come with subjection of soule and conscience to whatsoever is taught ; and not come to judge , and censure , or to delight in it as musique , as if wee came to a play , to heare some prettie sentences : but come to heare God , as to the ordinance of God , come as to that Word that shall judge our soules at the latter day ; that is the way to attend . Then againe , if we would attend , when we have heard the word of God , 3 let us labour by all meanes to bring it neare to us ; that it may be an ingrafted Word , that the soule may be leavened by it , that it may be so ingrafted in the understanding , and affections that we may thinke the better , in the vertue of it , and love , and speake , and doe the better as a Sience savours of the pla●● it is put into . Let us labour that the word of God may be written in our soules in the tables of our hearts : that the truth of God may be neare us , as any temptation shall be neare us , or any corruption neare us . What is the reason wee yeeld to corruptions and temptations ? They are neare , and the Word is farre off , We never attended to the Word to bring it neare home . If the word were as neare as corruptions , and temptations , that it were ingrafted , and in vested into the soule , we should have the word readie for every temptation : there should not ●e a temptation offered , nor a corruption arise , but wee should subdue it , and beat it downe with the blessed truth of God , accompanied with the spirit . Let us labour to get it neare us ; that the reasons of the word and our reason , that the judgment of God , and our iudgement , that the wil of God , & our own wil may be all one : and so to have it incorporated , and naturalized into our hearts , that we may speake and thinke , and doe nothing but that which is Divine : that is , to have the word written in our hearts , our attention should be to that end . Therefore when we heare , we should doe as nature doth with the meate we eate , it suckes out a strength sutable for every part , every part hath a power to draw out nourishment what is sutable to it selfe : so when wee heare the word of God , we should be able to say this is good for such , and such an end , and never leave thinking of the word of God when wee have heard it , till we have turned the word into our soules , till we have it fixed in our understandings , that we can say , Now I know it ; till we have subdued our hearts to it , and we be molded , and delivered up to it , that we can say , Now I have it ; now the word is mine . Let us never leave the truth wee heare till we be brought to that : alas to what purpose is it to heare except we make it our owne , as nature makes the meate our owne that we eate ! There is a second or third digestion , that goes before digestion be perfectly made , and the meate turned into it . It is ruminating , and meditating , and altering of that wee heare , and working on it that makes spirituall nourishment : thus wee should doe to attend to purpose . And that we may doe it let us adde some meditations to these practises . 4 Consider first of all whose word it is . It is the word of the great God , and the word of God for my good It is the good word of God , and the word of God that brings me much good , eternall salvation if I obey it , it is the word of God that brings eternall damnation if I obey it not . It is the word of the great King , a Proclamation , a Law whereby I shall be judged , and perhaps that word that I shall not heare another time , perhaps the spirit may worke more now then at another time : therefore I will be wise , & give way to the spirit of God , and not beate it backe , perhaps I shal never have such a gale of the spirit offered againe , it may be the last Sermon I shall heare while I live : we should have such meditatiōs , we that speak ; as if it were the last time we should speake ; and you that heare , as if they should be the last things that ever you should heare : for how doe wee know but it may be so ? It is another manner of matter to heare , then we take it . Take heed how yee heare saith our blessed Saviour : We heare nothing but it sets us forward in the way of Grace to heaven , or forward to hell , we are helped by it to heaven , or else hardened by it further to hell . We had need to take heed how we heare , we must be judged by that wee heare : and that that wee heare now negligently , and carelesly , God will make good at the day of judgement . We may shake off ( as prophane spirits doe ) the Ministers exhortations : but will you shake off depart ye Cursed at the latter day ? Will you shake off that sentence , you would not heare me , and I will not heare you ? Oh! no : Therefore shake not that off now , that will be made good then . If thou entertaine the Gospell now , God will make it good then ; if thou receive mercie now , he will shew that thou art acquitted then before Divels , and Angells , and Men. Let us regard this , and let it make us heare the word with attention as this good woman here . God opened her heart , and shee attended to the things that were spoken of Paul. But you will aske , how shall I know a man whose heart is opened , and attends better then another man doth ? I will give two or three briefe rules of discerning . He that by the spirit of God attends to the good word of God to purpose , 1 with an opened underding , he not only knowes the words , and the shell in preaching the word of God , but the things : he knowes not only what faith and repentance is in the words : but he hath a spirituall light to know what the things are , what repentance is , and faith , and love , and hope , and patience , hee knowes the things . And likewise he that hath attended to purpose he can do the things : he not only knowes what he should doe : but by the grace of the spirit , and attending upon the word of God , he knowes how to doe them . Grace teacheth him not onely that hee should denie himselfe , and live soberly , and righteously , and Godly , but it teacheth him how to live soberly and righteously , and Godly . Grace , when we attend upon the word as wee should , teacheth us to doe the things ; not only that we should repent , and pray &c. but to doe them it opens the things , and gives abilitie to doe them . And in the next place , 2 those that attend as they should doe , there is a spirituall eccho in their soules to every thing that is taught : that is , when they are exhorted to beleeve , they answer , Lord I will beleeve ; Lord I will heare , I will repent , and I will take heed of such sins by thy grace ; when God saith seeke my face ; Lord thy face will I seeke . This is the answer of a good conscience , this eccho , where there is attention to the word of God by the spirit , there is an eccho to that the spirit speaks , Lord it is good , and it is good for me , if I yeeld to this , if I doe not , it is naught for me to put off repentance till another day ; I desire to yeeld now , and oh ! that my heart were directed ; if it be rebellious , and not yeelding , there is a desire that the heart may be brought into subjection to every truth revealed , there is a gracious eccho in them that attend to purpose . Then againe those that doe attend from a sanctifing grace , 3 they see things by another light , by a spirit of their owne , by a heauenly light , by a species in their owne kind , spirituall things with a spirituall light . Many come , and heare sermons , and can discourse , and wrangle , and maintaine janglings of their owne , and all this out of naturall parts , and out of pride of heart : but a gracious holy man , sees spirituall things by a spirituall light , in their owne kind . A man that is borne in a dungeon , and neuer saw the light , when he heares discourse of the Sun , and stars , and earth , and flowers , and plants , he that Imaginations what they should be , but he fancies other things : so a man that neuer had spirituall eye-sight , to see spirituall things in their kinde ; he fancies them to bee this and that , but he sees them not by their owne light , many speake and talke of good things , but it is by the spirit of other men , out of books , and hearing and not by a spirit of their owne . He that attends by grace speakes out of a spirit of his owne , and not out of other mens spirits , he sees spirituall things in their owne colours . Thus wee see how to discerne spirituall attention . And he that knowes what this meanes , what is it to haue his heart opened to attend , when he goes from hearing the word , he judgeth of his profiting by it not by what he can say by heart ; but by how much the meeker hee is , how much more patient , how much more able to beare the crosse , to resist temptations , and to haue communion with God , so hee values his attending upon the meanes and hearing the word by the growth of his grace , and the decay of his corruptions . Shee attended to the things that were spoken of Paul. And shee was baptized , and her houshold . SHEE had the meanes of salvation , and shee had the seale likewise , which is baptisme . We haue all need of seales , wee haue need to hane our faith strengthened : God knowes it betthen wee our selues , We thinke Baptisme , and the Communion small matters but God knowes how prone wee are to stagger , hee knowes that all seales are little enough ; therefore it is sayd here , shee was baptized , and all her houshold . Baptisme is a solemne thing , it is the seale of the Covenant of grace : you are well enough acquainted , I imagine , with the thing , therfore I will not enter into the common place , it is needlesse . As the whole trinitie was at the Baptisme of Christ , so euery infant that is baptized , is the Child of Christ. And it is a speciall thing that we should meditate of . We slight our baptisme and thinke it needlesse you see the holy woman here would bee baptized presently ; shee would haue the seale of the covenant . There are many that are not booke-learned , that cannot read , at least they haue no leasure to read ; I would they would read their booke in their Baptisme : and if they would consider what it ministers to them upon all ocasions they would be farre better Christians then they are . Thinke of thy Baptisme when thou goest to God , especially when hee seemes angrie , it is the seale of the covenant ; bring the promise , Lord it is the seale of thy Covenant , thou hast prevented mee by thy grace , thou brough test mee into the Covenant before I knew my right hand from my left . So when we goe to Church to offer our seruice to God , thinke , by baptisme wee were consecrated , and dedicated to God , we not only receiue grace from God but we giue our selues to God. Therefore it is sacriledge for persons baptized to yeeld to temptations to sinne , we are dedicated to God in baptisme . When we are tempted to despaire , let us thinke of our baptisme : wee are in the Covenant of Grace , and haue receiued the seale of the Covenant , baptisme . The divell is an vncircumcised , damned , cursed spirit , hee is out of the Covenant : but I am in the Covenant : Christ is mine , the holy Ghost is mine , and God is mine , therefore let us stand against all the temptations of that vncircumcised , vnbaptized damned spirit . The thinking of our baptisme thus , will help us to resist the Devill , he is a coward , if hee bee resisted he will flee : and what will better resist him then the Covenant of grace , and the seale of it ? When we are tempted to sinne , let us thinke , what haue I to doe with sinne ? by baptisme I haue union with the death of Christ ; he died to take away sin , and my end must be his . I must abolish sin in my nature ? Shall I yeild to that : that in baptisme I haue sworne against ? And then if we bee tempted to despaire for sin let us call to mind the promises of grace , and forgiuenesse of sins , and the seale of forgiuenesse of sinnes , which is baptisme : For as water in baptisme washeth the body , so the blood of Christ washeth the soule : Let us make that use of our baptisme in temptations not to despaire for sin . And in conversing among men ; let us labor to maintaine the vnitie of the spirit in the bond of peace , to live peaceably . Christians must not fall to jarre , why ? There is one faith , and one Baptisme , have wee not all one father ? one inheritance , one baptisme , one Religion , and shall wee breake one with another for trifles , they forget their Baptisme that are so in quarrells . Thus if wee would thinke of it , it is such a booke as would be readie at hand for all services . And then for our children ▪ those that God hath committed to us , let us make use of baptisme , do they die in their infancie ? make this use of it , I have assured hope that my child is gone to God , he was borne in the Covenant , and had the seale of the Covenant , baptisme , why should I doubt of the salvation of my child ? If they live to yeares of discretion , then be of good comfort , he is Gods Child more then mine , I have dedicate him to God , and to Christ , he was baptized in the name of Christ , Christ will care for him as well , as for me . If I leave my Children behind me they are Gods , and Christs children , they have received , the seale of the Covenant ; baptisme , Christ will provide for them : and he that provides heaven for them , will provide all things in the way to heaven necessarie . God hath said , I will be the God of thee , and of thy children , they are in Covenant , thine they were Lord. A man may commit his Children to God on his death-bed ; thou gavest them me , and I commit them to thee againe , as before I did by baptisme . All this wee have by thinking of our baptisme . If we looke no further ( as prophane spirits doe not ) then the water , and the elements , we can have no comfort by these things : but wee should consider Gods blessed institution , and ordinance , to strengthen our faith . And to our children when they come to yeares , baptisme is an obligation to beleeve ; because they have received the seale before hand , and it is a meanes to beleeve . Shee was Baptized And her houshold . SO good is God where the governour of the familie is good , he gives all the familie good : because he makes conscience in governing , and instructing them ; God crownes their indeavours with successe that they shall be all good . As we see Abraham , and his houshold ; the Gaoler , and his houshold , Zacheus , and his houshold . Oh! it is a a blessed thing to be a good governour in a familie ; he brings a blessing upon his house : the Church of God is in his house . There cannot be a more honorable title to any house , then to say it is the Church of God : that the Governour of the familie brings all in subjection to God ; that as he will have all serve him , so he will have all serve God ; that he will not have a servant but he shall be the servant of God , nor a child but he shall be the child of God ; and he labours to make his wife the Spouse of Christ. Thus it should be said of every Christian familie , and then they are Churches . Alas ! in many places now they are hells because there is little regard had of instructing of them . Beloved , many poore soules have had occasion to blesse God forever , that they haue bin grafted into such good families . And put case sometimes , thou hast instructed them , and taken paines and there is no good done . When thou art dead ; & twenty yeares after , it may come to their minds , all those instructions , when they are in worse families . Oh! in such a place , with such a Master I had such instructions , but I had no grace to take good by them : but now I call them to mind : so the seed that was sowen long before may take effect then . This should incourage those that are Governours of families to be good . Lydia was baptized , and her houshold . And she besought them saying , if you have judged me faithfull to the Lord come to my house and abide there . HEre is the fruit of Lydia's conversion , when shee was converted , and baptized , shee intreated the Apostles to come to her house , and abide there , and she prevailed , shee constrained them by a morrall kind of violence they suffered themselves to be overcome . If you have judged mee faithfull &c. Come to my house and abide there . Here is her invitation ; and the argument that she forceth it by . If you have judged me faithfull to Christ , then come to my house . To speake a little of her argument , whereby shee forced the blessed Apostle , and the rest to her house . If yee have judged me faithfull . IT is a most binding argument . If you judge me faithfull , you must judge me a child of God , an heire of heaven , the Spouse of Christ , you must judge mee all these , and the like . If you have judged mee faithfull come to my house . And if you judge me so , can you denie me this courtesie . It is a conjuring , wondrous forcible argument . If you have judged mee faithfull . It implies that S. Paul , and holy men would be more strange else . And so there should not be intimate familiaritie ( converse there may be , but not familaritie ) with those that are not faithfull . Indifferent carriage to all alike shewes a rotten heart : those that make no difference betweene good Christians and formall hypocrites , No ; but if you have judged me faithfull come to my house . As if she had said , I know your spirits are such , that except you judge me faithfull , you will not take this courtesie at my hands . Againe she supposed if Paul judged her faithfull he would not denie her that courtesie . Those that upon good grounds wee judge faithfull , we should be gentle to them , and easie to be intreated . The wisedome that is from above is so . Grace Sweetnes the Carriage , and alters a mans disposition . Those that have felt pittie from God , are mercifull to others . Therefore if you have judged mee faithfull , &c. It was an argument of a great-deale of sinceritie , to appeale to their knowledge and judgement , If you have judged me faithfull . If she had not beene sincere she would not have done so : but sinceritie makes a man bold to appeale to God himselfe . Lord thou knowest that I love thee saith S. Peter , and If there be any iniquitie in my heart saith David , they dare appeale to God and to Gods people , if yee have judged me faithfull . In this speech likewise shee desires to have confirmation of her estate from the Apostles . And indeed it is a great confirmation of weake Christians to have the judgement of strong Christians that they are good , If you have judged mee faithfull , doe me this courtesie . And would it not comfort her soule to have the judgement of so strong a man as Paul ? It is a great strengthening not onely to have the spirit of God witnesse for us , but the spirit of God in others . And sometimes in temptations , the judgment of others will doe us more good then our owne , in a darke state : Therefore wee should appeale to those that feare God to judge us faithfull ; though we be in a mist , and in darkenesse sometimes : that we are not able to judge of our owne condition . And indeed when we judge the people to be truly good , and true hearted to God , we owe them this dutie ? to thinke them good people , and to shew it , it is a debt : we wrong good persons , when wee take wrong conceits of them . Shall wee not affect and loue them that God loues ? It is as if shee had sayd , God hath taken me into his family , and will admit mee to heauen , and will not you come to my house ? when Christ shall take men to be members of his body , shall not we take them into our company . It is a wrong to good people to be strange to them : sometimes there may by way of censure , in some sin , be a little strangenesse : but ordinary stangnesse becomes not Christians , it becomes not that sweet bond the Communion of Saints . If you haue judged me faithfull . That is the bond . Her invitation is , Come to my house , and and abide there . YOU see many sweet graces presently after shee beleived , here is a loving heart ? Why did shee desire them to come to her house ? To expresse the loue she did beare to them for their works sake , shee felt the loue of Christ by their ministery and now she desired to expresse the fruit of her loue in maintaining them . And not onely so but she desired to be edified by them : shee was yongly planted , and shee desired to bee watered from them . Shee knew Paul would drop heauenly things , and giue her that that might stablish her , therefore she desired that they would stay at her house , that she might haue benefit by their heauenly discourse , and be built vp , and edified further , and further . So you see these two graces especially upon beleeuing , a bountifull louing heart , shee intreated them not onely to come to her house , but to abide there a good while , as they did . And here was her desire to bee edified . And a boldnesse to appeare to owne Christ , and his ministers in dangerous times : for in those times it was a dangerous thing to appeare to be a Christian ; they were worse hated then the Iewes were , though both were hated : yet Christians were , aboue all : Therefore false Christians would be circumcised , they would be Iewes , to auoid the Crosse that they might not bee accounted Christians . You see in Generall , true faith that works loue and workes by loue : It workes loue in the heart , and by loue it works all duties of hospitallity , and bounty by loue . When it hath wrought that holy affection , it works by that holy affection ? You see here it is neuer without fruit , presently faith brings forth fruit , as soone as shee was baptized . shee shewes her loue , to the Apostles , and their company , and her bounty and her boldnesse in the cause of Christ. We say of a graft , it is grafted to purpose , if it take , and bring forth fruite , so shee being a new sience graft into Christ , shee tooke presently as soone as she was baptized into Christ , here is the fruite of loue and bounty , and boldnesse in the cause of Christ. Zacheus as soone as euer he beleeved , halfe my goods I giue to the poore . So wee see the Gaoler afterwards presently upon beleeving , he entertained the Apostles with a feast and washed their wounds . Take heed of a barren dead faith , it is a false faith if thou beleeue indeed faith will worke loue , and worke by loue , as it did in this blessed woman , her faith knit her to Christ in heauen , her loue was as the branches of the tree , her faith knit her to the roote : but loue as the branches reached to others , her branches reached fruit to the Apostle and his company . So it is the nature of faith that knits us to Christ , the same spirit of loue knits us to others , and reacheth forth fruit to all wee converse with . As wee desire to haue evidence of the soundnes of our faith , let us see what spirit of loue we haue , especially loue to these three things , 1 loue to Christ to whom wee are ingrafted , and loue to the ministers of Christ. We cannot shew kindnesse to Christ , he is in heauen : but his ministers , 2 and his poore are upon the earth when wee can buy ointment to poure on Christs feete his poore members , and his Ministers ; and loue to the word of God , 3 they are the three issues of a gracious beleeuing heart , and where they are not , there is no faith at all . I beseech you let us imitate this blessed woman . You see here the name of Lydia , is precious in the Church : the name of Lydia , ( as it is sayd of Iosiah ) it is as a boxe of oyntment powred out : the name of Lydia cannot bee named in the Church , but there is a sweete sauour with it . As soone as shee beleeued ; the Holy Ghost , the spirit of GOD blowing upon the garden of her heart , where the spice of Grace was sowed , stirred vp a sweete sent of faith and of bountie and liberalitie in the cause of Christ. Let not this bee in vaine to us : but euery one of us labour to bee like Lydia : you see what loadestone drew PAVL heere to goe unto her house : shee had Faith , and shee expressed it in loue . Let us labour to haue faith , and to expresse it in loue to GOD vnto CHRIST , to his people , and word , and ordinances that haue his stampe on them , and let us boldly owne the cause of CHRIST : let us not regard the censures of vaine men that say thus and thus . Faith and loue forget danger , it is bold . Shee forgot all the danger that shee was in by countenancing Paul and such men . Let us labour for faith and loue and wee shall not say this and that . There is a Lion in the way , but wee shall goe on boldly vntill wee doe receiue the end of our faith and loue , the salvation of our soules . FINIS . The Table . A. Abasement . part . page . CHrists word powerfull in his abasement . 2.92 Affections . Affections ▪ to Religion strong in women . 1.9 Affliction . Affliction , why sent of God. 2.58 Prayer a remedy in affliction . 2.60 Angels . Praise , a duty fit for Angels . 2.108 Appetite . To blesse God for appetite , 2.46 Spiritual appetite how recovered . 2.140 Attend , Attention . God opens the heart to attend . 1.46 Attention necessary . 1.54 Directions to attend on the Word . 1.57 . Trials of attending aright , 1.69 Attire . Selling , and wearing rich Attire lawfull . 1.17 Atheisme , see Nature . B. Baptisme . Baptisme , a seale of salvation . 1.76 . How to thinke of our Baptisme . 1.78 Beginning . Great things from small beginnings . 1.11 Boldnesse , see Sinceritie . C. Callings . Callings , allowed of God , 1.14 Censure . Censure of wicked men not to be regarded . 2.24 Command . Command of God over all things . 2.84 Commerce . Commerce lawfull . 1.15 Confirme . Approbation of strong Christians confirmes the weak . 1.95 Crie . Gods children crie in afflictions . 2.57 D. Death . Gates of death what . 2.49 Death how to disarme it . 2.53 Deferre . God why hee deferres helpe . 2.81 Dishonour . Only wicked men dishonour God. 2.104 . displease . To take heed of displeasing God. 2.87 Distemper . What to doe in spirituall distempers . 2.141 Divinitie . Divinitie transcends other Arts. 2.37 E. End. Fooles forget their End , 2.17 Epicures . Happinesse of Epicures unstable . 2.45 Extremitie , see Crie . F Faith. Faith , trialls of it . 1.104 Fooles , Folly. Wicked men , fooles . 2.9 Why they are fooles 2.10 Folly in Gods children . 2.25 Fruitfull . True faith fruitfull . 1.101 G. Garments . Garments , the use of them , 1.16 Gates , see Death . God. God to bee sought in trouble . 2.35 Gospell . Gospell , the ground of faith . 1.50 H. Heathen . God heares the prayers of the Heathen . 2.21 Heart . Heart opened by God , 1.32.34 Heart what meant by it , 1.40 Humiliation . Ground of humiliation of wicked men . 2.21 I. Iesting . Iesting with sinne a signe of folly . 2.16 Invitation . Lydia's invitation . 1.99 Iustifie . To justifie God in his judgements . 2.33 L. Labourers . Labourers to be prayed for in Gods harvest . 1.52 Love. Trials of faith by love , 1.104 M. Meanes . God brings the elect under meanes . 1.29 Mind . The mind must be sanctified to attend to the Word . 1.43 Miserie . Miserie of wicked men , 2.50 Why God suffers men to fall into great miserie . 2.55 Murmuring . Murmuring in trouble , the cause of it . 2.39 N. Nature . Atheisme against nature , 2.57 Notice . God takes particular notice of his . 1.7 O. Open. Trials whether the heart bee open . 1.46 See heart . Passion . Wicked men fooles for their passion . 2.12 Passion , how it presents things . 2.13 Patience . Patience to others , the ground of it . 1.38 Patience in our selves . 2.34 People . People of three sorts before Christ. 1.19 Pestilence . To praise God for deliverance from the pestilence , 2.129 . Physitian . God the best Physitian , 1.71 Power , Powerfull . Gods word Powerfull . 2.83 Incouragements to pray from Gods power . 2.89 See Abasement . Poyson . Sinne as poyson . 2.41 Prayer . What state we are fit to pray in . 2.62 Prayer to God successefull , 2.73 See affliction . Praise . All men to praise God , 2.99 Other creatures how they prayse God. 2.102 Prayse the end of all we doe , 2.109 Helps , and meanes to prayse God , 2.113 Preached . The Word preached , the usuall meanes of faith . 1.51 Preaching how to be prized , 1.54 Preparation . Workes of preparation necessary . 1.20 Preparation from God , 1.21 Preparations remove hindrances . 1.22 Progresse of preparation , 1.24 Preparations not to bee rested in . 1.31 Providence . Instances of Gods providence . 2.3 R. Rod. Sinne puts a rod into Gods hand . 2.40 S. Sicknesse . Sinne , the cause of sicknesse , 2.32 Sicknesse how from God , 2.38 Extremitie of sicknesse , 2.43 Naturall cause of sicknesse , 2.44 How to converse with the sicke . 2.47 To have recourse to God in sicknesse . 2.73 . Sight . Foure things requisite to sight . 1.55 Sinne. Aggravation of sinne . 2.22 Vnhappy succession of sinne , 2.31 Beginnings of sinne to bee avoided . Ibid. Particular sinnes to be searçhed out 2.34 What sinnes hinder prayer , 2.82 Sinceritie . The boldnesse of sinceritie , 1.95 Soule . God by his Word heales the soule . 1.137 T. Table . Whence the breach of the second Table comes . 2.27 W. Waiting . Waiting after prayer necessarie . 2.79 Weake . How to judge of weake Christians . 1.77 Wisdome . Spirituall Wisdome to bee begged . 2.23 Wittie . Wicked men wittie in their Generation . 2.18 Women , See Affections . Word , See Power . Worldling . The course of Worldlings , 2.35 Wound . Fooles wound themselves , 2.20 FINIS . A Rescue from DEATH , with a Returne of Praise . PSAL. 107.17 . &c. Fooles because of their transgressions , and because of their iniquities are afflicted , &c. THis Psalme containeth some passages concerning Gods particular sweete Providence , not onely to the Church , but to other men : for Hee that created all things even the meanest creature , must haue a providence over all things , his providence must extend it selfe as large as his creation : for what is providence but a continuance of creation , a preservation of those things in being that God hath given to have a being . The Prophet here of purpose opposeth the profane conceits of them , that thinke God sits in heaven , and lets things goe on earth as if he cared not for them , it was the fault of the best Philosophers to ascribe too much to second causes . The Psalmist here shewes that God hath a most particular providence in every thing . First hee sets it downe in generall , and then hee brancheth it out into particulars , especially foure , wherein hee specifieth Gods providence . The first instance is of those that wander in the wildernes hungrie and thirstie , vers . 4. They cry and God regards them . The second is in verse 10. They that sit in darkenesse and in the shadow of death , bound in iron , They cry and the Lord heareth them . The third is in the words of the text , Fooles for their transgressions are afflicted , their soule abhorreth all manner of meate , him instanceth in sicknesse the most ordinary affliction , and shewes that God hath a most particular providence even in that . The fourth is in vers . 23 Those that goe downe into the Sea , they see experiments of Gods particular providence . Since the fall , the life of man is subject to a wondrous many inconveniences , which wee have brought on us by our sins , now in this varietie it is a comfortable thing to know Gods care of us in our wandrings , and imprisonments , in our sicknesse &c. But to omit the other 3. and to come to that , that is proper to the place , that is , the instance of Gods providence in sicknesse . Fooles because of their transgressions , and because of their iniquities are afflicted , &c. In these words you have ; First the cause of this visitation , and of all the greivance he speaks of , Transgression , and iniquitie . And then the kind of this visitation , sicknesse . And the extremitie in two branches ; Their soule abhorreth all manner of meate , and secondly , They draw neere to the gates death . And then the carriage of the affected and sicke parties , They cry unto the Lord in their distresse . And the remedie of the vniversall and great Physitian , He saves them out of their distresse . And the manner of this remedie , Hee sent his word and healed them , his operative , and commanding word , so as it workes with his command . Lastly , the fee that this high Commander askes for , all the tribute or reward that he expects , is Praise , and Thankesgiving . Oh that men would therefore praise the Lord for his goodnesse , and his wondrous workes for the children of men , &c. So you see this Scripture conteines several passages betweene God , and man , in misery , and in deliverance . In misery , God afflicts man for his sinne , the passage of man to God is , hee cryes to God , Gods passage backe againe , is his deliverance : and then his returne backe againe must bee Thankesgiving . So here is a double visitation , in justice , God correcting sinne , and then a visitation in mercie upon their crying and praying , God restores them ; and then mans dutie , Thankesgiving : But to proceed in order . Fooles because of their transgressions , &c. HERE you have first the qualitie of the persons set downe . Fooles . Wee must understand by fooles , wicked fooles , not such fooles as are to be begged as we say , that are defective in their naturals ; but the wise fooles of the world , they are the cheife of fooles , how ever in the Courts of men they be not found fooles , yet they are fooles in Gods esteeme , who is Wisedome it selfe , those that thinke themselves wise , that are conceitedly wise , they are these fooles here . In the phrase of Scripture , and the language of the Holy Ghost , every sinner is a foole . It were a disgracefull terme if any man should give it , but let no man stumble at it , it comes from the wise God , that knowes what wisedome is , and what is folly . If a foole shall call a man foole , hee doth not regard it , but if a wiseman , especially the God of wisedome call a man foole , hee hath reason to regard it , who can judge better of wisedome then God , who is onely wise ? Why are wicked men fooles , and Gods children , so farre as they yeeld to their lusts ? In divers respects . 1 First , For lacke of discerning in all the carriage , and passages of their lives . You know a foole is such a one as cannot discerne the difference of things , that is defective in his judgement ; discerning , and judgement , that especially tries a foole : when he cannot discerne betweene pearles and pebbles between Iewels , and ordinary base things , so wicked men are defectiue in their judgments they cannot discerne aright betweene spirituall and heavenly things , and other things , all your worldly fooles he hunts after and placeth his happinesse in things meaner then himselfe , hee takes shadowes for substances . A foole is led with his humour , 2 and his lust even as the beast , so there is no wicked man that shakes of the feare of God , ( which is true wisedome , ) but hee is led with his humour , and passion , and affection to some earthly thing . Now a man can never bee wise , and passionate unlesse in one case , when the good is so exceeding that no passion can be answerable as in zeale , in divine matters , that will excuse all exorbitant carriage otherwise . When David danced before the Arke , a man would thinke it had beene a foolish matter except it had been in a divine businesse , when the matter is wondrous great that it deserues any pitch of affection then a man may be eager , and wise : but for the things of this life , for a man to disquiet himselfe and others , to hunt after a vaine shadow , ( as the Psalmist saith ) after riches and honour ; and to negl●ct the mayne end of a mans life , it is extreame folly a man that is passionate in this respect cannot be wise , all fooles are passionate , and wicked men have their affections set deeply on somewhat else besides God. Because passion presents things in a false glasse , as when a man sees the sunne through a cloud he seems bigger , when men looke not on things in the judgment of the scripture , and the spirit of God , and right reason , but through affection , things appeare to them otherwise then they are and themselues afterwards see themselues fo●les : Take a worldling on his death bed , or in hell , hee sees himselfe a foole then , when his drunkennesse is past , when hee is come to himselfe , and is sober , he sees that he hath catched all his lifetime after shadowes , wicked men that are carried with their lusts to earthly things , they cannot be wise , therfore the rich man in the Gospell , is called a foole , and in Ier. 17. hee speaks of a man that labors all his life time , and in the end is a foole ; Is not he a foole that will carrie a burthen , and load himselfe in his journey more then hee needs , and is not hee a spirituall foole , that loads himselfe with thick clay ( as the Prophet calls it ) and makes his pilgrimage more cumbersome then hee needs ? Is not hee a foole that layes the heaviest weight on the weakest : that puts off the heaviest burthen of repentance , to the time of sicknesse , and trouble , and death , when all his troubles meete in a center as it were , and hee hath enough to doe to conflict with his sicknes . Againe , hee is a foole that will play with edge-tooles , 3 that makes a sport of sinne , hee is a foole that provokes his betters , that shootes up arrowes , and casts up stones , that shall fall on his owne head , hee that darts out oathes , and blasphemies against God , that shall returne backe upon his owne pate , many such fooles there are , God will not hold them guiltlesse . He is a foole that knowes not , or forgets his end , 4 every wicked man forgets the end wherfore he liues in the world , hee comes here into the world , and liues , and is turned out of the world againe , and never considers the worke that he hath to doe here , but is carried like a foole , with affections , and passions to earthly things , as if hee had been borne only for them . A wiseman hath an end prefixed in all that hee doth , and hee works to that end . Now there is no man , but a sound sanctified Christian that hath a right end , and that works to that end , other men pretend they haue an end , and they would serue God , &c. They pretend heaven , but they worke to the earth-ward , like moles , they digge in the earth , they work not to the end they pretend to fixe to themselues : All men how wittie soeuer they are otherwise in worldly respects , they are but fooles . As we say of owles , they can see , but it is by night so wicked men are wittie but it is in the workes of darkenesse they are wise in their owne generation , among men like themselues but this is not the life wherein follie , and wisedome can be discerned so well , it will appeare at the houre of death , and the day of judgement , then those will be found wise , that are wise for eternity , that have provided how it shall goe with them , when all earthly things shall fayle them , and those will bee fooles that haue only a particular wit for the particular passages of this life , to contriue particular ends , and neglect the mayne they are penny wise , and pound foolish . Achitophel a wittie wiseman , his counsell was an oracle , yet he was not wise to prevent his owne destruction . He is a madman , a foole that hurts and wounds himselfe , 5 none else will doe so , wicked carnall men , they wound , and hurt , and stab their owne consciences , oh if any man should doe them but the thousandth part of the harme that they doe themselves every day , they would not indure it , they gall , and load their consciences with many sins , and they doe it to themselves ; therefore it is a deserved title that is given them . God meetes with the pride of men in this terme of folly : for a wicked man above all things is carefull to avoid this imputation of foole , account him what you will , so you account him , a shrewd man withall , that can over-reach others , that he is craftie and wise , he glories in the reputation of wisedome , though God account him a foole , and hee shall bee found so afterward , and to abate the pride of men , Hee brings a disgracefull terme over their wit and learning , and calls them fooles . This should abase any man that is not a right and sound Christian , that the God of wisedome , and the Scripture that is GODS word esteemes of all wicked men , bee they what they will , to be fooles , and that in their owne judgements if they bee not Atheists , if they will grant the principles they pretend to beleeve . Let this therefore bee an aggravation in your thoughts when you are tempted to commit any sinne , Oh! besides that it is a transgression and rebellion against Gods commandement , it is follie in Israel , and this will bee bitternesse in the end . 2 Is hee not a foole , that will doe that in an instant , that hee may repent many yeeres after ? Is hee not a foolish man ( in matter of dyet ) that will take that , that he shall complaine of a long time after ? None will bee so foolish in outward things . So when we are tempted to sinne , thinke , is it not follie to doe this , when the time will come that I shall wish it undone againe , with the losse of a world if I had it to giue ? And begge of God the wisedome of the holy Ghost , 3 to judge aright of things , the eye salve of the Spirit of God , to discerne of things that differ : to judge spirituall riches to be best , and spirituall nobilitie and excellencie to be best , and to judge , of sinfull courses to be base , how ever otherwise gainfull let us labour for grace , The feare of the Lord is the beginning of wisedome , those that doe not feare the Lord they haue no wisedome . 4 And passe not for the vaine censures of wicked men , thou art hindred from the practise of religious duties and from a conscionable course of life , why ? Perhaps thou shalt be accounted a foole by whom ? By those that are fooles indeed , in the judgement of him who is wisedome indeed , God himselfe : who would care to be accounted a foole of a foole ? We see the scripture judgeth wicked men here to be fooles . Wee must not extend it only to wicked men , but euen likewise Gods children when they yeeld to their corruptions , and passions they are foolish for the time , in Psa. 38.5 . My wounds stinke and are corrupt because of my foolishnesse , and in Psa. 73. So foolish was I and ignorant , &c. Therefore when any base thought of Gods providence comes in our mind , or any temptation to sin let us thinke it folly and when we are overtaken with any sin , let us be-foole our selues , and judge it as God doth to bee foolishnesse , this is the ground and foundation of repentance : So much for the quality of the person here described , Fooles . I come to the Cause . Because of their transgressions and because of their iniquities . Transgression , especially hath reference to rebellion against God , and his ordinances in the first table , Iniquity , hath reference to the breach of the second table against men , and both these have their rise from folly , for want of wisedome causeth rebellion against God , and iniquity against men , all breaches of Gods will come from spirituall folly . Why doth hee begin with transgressions against the first table , and then iniquities the breach of the second ? Because all breaches of the second table issue from the breach of the first a man is never vniust to his neighbours , that doth not rebell against Gods will in the first table , and the foundation of obedience , & dutie to man , it riseth from mans obedience to God. Therefore the second table is like the first that is , our loue to our neighbour is like to our loue of God , not only like it but it springs from it : for all comes from the loue of God , therfore the first command of the first table runs through all the Commandements , Thou shalt honour God ; and honour man , because we honour God. A man never denies obedience to his superiour to the magistrate , &c. but he denies it to God first , a man never wrongs man , but he disobeys God first , Therefore the Apostles lay the duties of the second table in the Scriptures vpon the first , Saint Paul alway begins his Epistles , with the duties to God , and religion and when he hath discharged that he comes to parents , and masters , and children , and servants , and such particular duties , because the spring of our duty to man , is our duty to God , and the first justice is the justice of religion to God , when we are not just to giue God his due : thereupon come all breaches in our civill conversation , and commerce with men , for want of the feare of God , men doe this , as Ioseph sayd , how shall I doe this and offend God ? and Abraham he had a conceit they would abuse his wife , Surely the feare of God is not here , therefore he thought they would not bee afraid to doe any thing , he that feares not God if opportunitie serue , he will not be afraid to violate the second table hee that feares God hee will reason , how shall I doe this , to wrong another in his name , and reputation , or in his estate , & sin against God ? for I cannot sinne against man , but I must first sin against God , that is the reason he sets it downe thus , transgressions and iniquities . See an vnhappy succession of sinne , that where there is transgression there will be iniquitie , when a man yeelds to lust once presently he breaks upon Gods due , and then upon mans , one sin drawes on another , as wee see David giving way to one sin , it brought another , so the giving way to transgression , neglecting the word of God , and duties of religion presently another followes neglect of dutie to men . Take heed of the beginnings of sinne , there are degrees in Sathans schoole from ill to worse till we come to worst of all , and there is no staying it is like the descent down a steepe hill , let us stop in the beginning by any meanes , as we would avoid iniquitie , let us take heed of transgression . Are afflicted . HEE meanes especially that affliction of sicknesse as appeares by the words following . Sin is the cause of all sicknesse . Fooles for their transgressions , and iniquities are afflicted : for Gods quarrell is especially against the soule , and to the body because of the soule , I will not dwell on this point having spoken of it , at large on another text . The Use that I will make of it now shall bee , First of all , If sinne be the cause of all sicknesse , Let us justifie God , and condemne our selues , complaine of our selues , and not of God ; Wherfore doth the living man complaine , and murmure , and fret , Man suffereth for his sinne , Iustifie God and judge our selues . I wil beare the wrath the Lord because I have sinned against him , judge our selues and we shall not bee judged . 2 Then againe is sin the cause of sicknes , it should teach us patience , I held my tongue because thou Lord diddest it , Shall not a man be patient in that he hath procured by his owne evill and sin ? 3 And search our selues , for usually ▪ it is for some particular sin , which conscience will tell a man of , and sometimes the kind of the punishment will tell a man , for sins of the body , God punisheth in the body he payes men home , in their owne coyne , what measure a man measureth to others shall bee measured to him againe . If a man have beene cruell to others , God will stirre vp those that shall be so to him , therefore we should labour to part with our particular transgressions and iniquities . It is a generall truth for all ills whatsoeuer as well as this of sicknesse . Therefore we should first of all goe to God by confession of sinne . It is a preposterous course that the athesticall carelesse world takes , where the Physitian ends , there the divine begins ▪ when they know not what to doe . If diseases come from sinne then make vse of the divine first to certifie the conscience , and to acquaint a man with his owne mercy . First to search them , and let them see the guilt of their sins and then to speake comfort to them , and to set accounts straite betweene God , & them , as in Ps. 32. ( an excellent place . David roared , his moysture was turned into the drought of summer , what course doth hee take ? he doth not run to the Physitian presently but goes to God. Then sayd I it was an inward resolution , and speech of the mind , then I concluded with my selfe , I will confesse my sinne to God , and thou for gavest my iniquities and sinne , so body , and soule were healed at once . Divinity herein transcends all other Arts , not onely corrupt nature , and corrupt courses but all other : For the Phisitian hee looks to the cause of the sicknesse out of a man or in a man , out of a man and then especially in contagious sicknesse , hee looks to the influence of the heavens , in such a yeare , such conjunctions , and such eclipses haue beene , he lookes to the infection of the Ayre to subordinate causes , to contagious company , and to diet , &c. And then in a man to the distemper of the humours , and of the spirits , when the instrument of nature is out of tune it is the cause of sicknesse . But the divine , and every Christian ( that should be a divine in this respect ) goes higher and sees all the discord betweene God , and vs , there is not that sweet harmony there , and so all the jarres in second causes come from God as the cause inflicting , from sin , as the cause demeriting : The Divine considers those two alway : The Phisitian lookes to the inward distemper and the outward contagion , and this is well , and may be done without sin , but men must ioyne this too , to looke into conscience , and looke vp to God together with looking for helpe to the Physitian , because we haue especially to deale with God. I would this were considered that wee might carry our selues more Christian-like vnder any affliction whatsoever , what is the reason that people murmure , & struggle , and striue as a bull in a net as the Prophet speakes , when God hampers them in some judgement ? They looke to the second causes , and neuer looke to cleare the conscience , of sinne , nor never looke to God , when indeed the ground of all is God offended by sinne , Fooles for their transgressions are afflicted . We by our sins put a rod into Gods hand , A rod for the fooles backe as Salomon saith , and when wee will be fooles wee must needs indure the scourge and rod in one kind or other : those that will sin must looke for a rod , it is the best reward of wicked , and vaine fooles that make a jest of sinne , ( as the wiseman saith ) They cast firebrands , and say am I not in jest ? That raile and scorne at good things , that sweare , and carrie themselues in a loose , ridiculous scandalous fashion , as if God did not eye their carriage , and yet am I not injest ? Well , it is no jesting matter , sinne is like a secret poyson , perhaps it doth not worke presently , as there are some kind of subtile poysons made in these dayes ( wherein the Devill hath whetted mens wits ) that will worke perhaps a yeare after , so sinne if it be once committed perhaps it doth not kill presently , but there is death in the Pot , thou art a child of death , as soone as euer thou hast committed sinne , as Salvian saith well , thou perishest before thou perish , the sentence is upon thee , thou art a dead man , God to wait for thy repentance prolongs thy dayes , but as soone as thou hast sinned without repentance , thou art a child of death , and as Poyson that workes secretly a while , yet in time it appeares , so at last the fruit of sinne will bee death , Sin and death came in together : take heed of all sinne , it is no dallying matter . Their soule abhorres all manner of meate . THIS is one branch of the extremitie of the sicknesse , the loathing of meate , for God hath put a correspondencie , betweene food that is necesary for man , and mans relish : for man being in this world to be supported , the naturall moysture being to be supplied , and repayred by nourishment as it is spent by the naturall heate which feeds upon it , therefore God hath put a sweetnesse into meate that man might delight to doe that which is necessary : for who would care for meate if it were not necessary ? Therefore being necessary God hath put delightfull tasts in meates to draw men to the use of them , to preserve their being for the serving of him . Now when these things savour not , when the relish of a man is distempered that he cannot judge aright of meats , when the palate is viciated , there must needs follow sicknesse , for a man cannot doe that that should maintaine his strength , he cannot feed on the creature , therefore the Palmist setting downe the extremity of sicknesse , he sayth their soule abhorreth all manner of meate , This the great Phisitian of heaven and earth , sets downe as a symptome of a sick state when one cannot relish and digest meat , experience seales this truth and prooues it to be true . You see then the happines of Epicures how vnstable and vaine it is , whose chiefe good is in the creature , God by sicknesse can make them dis-relish all manner of meate , and where is the summum bonum then of all your belly-gods , your sensuall persons Againe in that he saith , Their soule abhorreth all manner of meate , it should teach us to blesse God , not only for meate but for stomacks to eate , it is a blessing common , and therefore forgotten . It is a double blessing when God provides dayly for our outward man and then gives a stomack to relish his goodnesse in the creature , sometimes a poore man wants meate , and hath a stomacke : sometimes a rich man wants a stomacke , when hee hath meate , they that haue both haue cause to blesse God , because it is a judgment when God takes away the appetite that men abhorre and loath all manner of meate . Therefore if we would maintaine thankfulnesse to God , labour to thanke God for common blessings , what if God should take away a mans stomacke , we see his state here he is at the gates of death , therefore thanke God that he maintaines us with comforts in our pilgrimage , and withall that he gives us strength to take the comfort of the creature . Wee fee here againe one rule how to converse with them that are sicke , blessed is hee that understands the estate of the afflicted and sicke , not to take it ill to see them wayward , it comes not from the mind , but from the distemper of the body : as wee beare with children , so we must beare with men in those distempers , if they have foode , and yet loath it , you see how 't is with men in that case , Their soule abhorreth all manner of meate , It should teach us to sympathize with those that are sicke , if we see them in these distempers . The next branch of the extremitie is ; They draw neere the gates of death . DEATH is a great Commander , a great Tyrant , and hath gates to sit in , as Iudges and Magistrates used to sit in the gates . There are things implyed in this phrase . First , They draw neere to the gates of death , that is , they were neere to death , as he that drawes neere the gates of a Citie , is neere the Citie , because the gates enter into the Citie . 2 Secondly , gates are applyed to death for authoritie , they were almost in deaths jurisdiction ; death is a great Tyrant , hee rules over all the men in the world , over Kings , and Potentates , over meane men , and the greatest men feare death most : hee is the King of feares as Iob calls him , I , and the feare of Kings . Yet death that is thus feared in this life by wicked men , at the day of judgement , of all things in the world they shall desire death most , according to that in the Apocalips , They shall desire death , and it shall not come to them , they shall subsist to eternall myserie ; that , that men are most affraid of in this life , that they shall wish most to come to them in the world to come , Oh that I might die ! What a pittifull state are wicked men in ? therefore it is called the Gate of death , it rules and over-rules all mankinde : therefore it is sayd to reigne , Rom. 5. Death and sinne came in together , sinne was the gate that let in death , and ever since death raigned , and will , till Christ perfectly tryumph over it , who is the King of that Lord and Commander , and hath the key of hell and death : To wicked men ( I say ) hee is a Tyrant , and hath a gate , and when they goe through the gate of death , they goe to a worse , to a lower place , to hell , it is the trappe-doore to Hell. 3 Thirdly , by the gate of death is meant not onely the authority , but the power of death , as in the Gospell , The gates of hell shall not prevaile against it that is , the power , and strength of hell , so here it implies the strength of death , which is very great for it subdues all , it is the executioner of Gods justice . If death have such a Iurisdiction , and power , and strength , let us labour to disarme it before hand , it is in our power to make death stinglesse , and toothlesse , and harm lesse : nay wee may make it advantagious , for the gate of death may become the gate of happinesse : let us labour to have our part , and portion in Christ , who hath the key of hell and death , who hath overcome and conquered this tyrant , Oh death where is thy sting ? oh grave where is thy victory ? 1 Cor. 15. Thanks bee vnto Ged who hath given vs victory through Iesus Christ our Lord , that now wee need not feare death , that though death have a gate , yet it is a gate , to let us into heaven , as it is a doore to let the wicked into hell ; So much for that . In the next place wee come to their carriage in their extremity . They Cryed to God in their trouble . THIS is the carriage of man in extreame ills ; if hee haue any feare of God in him , to pray and then prayers are cries they are darted out of the heart as it were to heaven . It is sayd , Christ made strong cryes , in extremity prayers are cries hence I observe breifly these things . That God suffers men to fall into extreame ills even to the gates , of death , that there is but a step betweene them and death . Why ? To weane them perfectly from the world . To make them more thankfull when they recover : for what is the reason that men are so sleight in thanksgiving ? Usually the reason is they did not conceive that they were in such extreame danger as they were . Likewise he suffers men to fall into extreame sicknesse that he may have all the glory , for it was his doing , there was no second cause to helpe here , for their soule abhorred all manner of meate , and they were even at the Gates of death , Now when all second causes fayle , then God is exalted therfore he suffers men to fall into extreamity , the greater the maladie , the more is the glory of the Physitian . The second thing is this , as God brings his children into extremity , So ; Gods children in extremity they cry to him . EXtremity of afflictions doth force prayers , In their affliction , they will seeke me early : When all second causes faile then we goe to God , nature therfore is against atheisme ( as one observes ) that naturally men run to God in extremity ; Lord helpe mee , Lord succour me , so especially in the Church in extremitie , Gods people cry to God , and as afflictions , so p●rticularly this of sicknesse of body , drives men to God. God should not heare of us ( many times ) unlesse he should come neere us by afflictions , and deepe afflictions : Out of the deepe haue I cryed , God brings us to the deepe , and then we crie . Our nature is so naught , that God should not heare of us , ( as I sayd ) unlesse he send some messenger after us , some affliction to bring us home as Absalom dealt by Ioab , when hee fired his corne . In the Gospel , Christ had never heard of many people , had it not beene for some infirmity : but blessed are those sicknesses , and infirmities that occasion us to goe to God , that makes us crie to God. It was the speech of a Heathen , we are best when we are weakest , why ? as hee saith very well , who is ambitious , voluptuous , or covetous for the world when he is sick , when he sees the vanity of these things ? This should make us submit more meekly vnto GOD , when wee are vnder his hand when we are his prisoners by sicknesse , when he casts us on our sicke beds , because GOD is working our good , hee is drawing us neerer to him . Then they cryed to him . So we see then that prayer it is a remedie in a remedilesse estate , when there is no other remedy and this one difference betweene a child of GOD and another ; In extremitie a carnall man that hath not grace , he hath not a spirit of prayer to goe to GOD , but a child of GOD , he cries to GOD , hee had acquaintance with God in the time of health , therefore he goes boldly to GOD as a father in the time of extremity . Gods children can answer Gods dealing ; for as he brings his children to extremitie , when there is no second cause to help , so they answer him by faith , in extremitie when there is nothing to trust unto , they trust him . when there is no physick in the world that can-charme the disease , they have a spirit of faith to answere Gods dealing , in the greatest misery , as Iob faith , though he kill me yet will I trust in him . For GOD is not tyed to second causes , and therefore if hee have delight in us , and if he have any service for us to doe he can recover vs from the gates of death , Nay from death it selfe , as we see Christ in the Gospell raysed from the dead , and at the resurrection he will rayse us from death much more can he rayse vs from the gates of death when wee are neere death . Therefore considering that pra●er is a remedy in all maladies , in a remedilesse estate , Let us labour to haue a spirit of prayer , and to be in such a state as we may pray . 1 What state is that ? First take heed of being in league with any sinne , If I regard iniquitie in my heart , God will not heare my prayer , nay he will not heare others prayers for us , oh what a pittiful state is it when God will not heare us nor others for us ! Pray not for this people ( saith God to Ieremiah ) and if Noah , Daniel , and Iob stood before mee they should but deliver their owne soules . If a man be in a peremptory course of sinne , and will not be reclaymed , but is like the deafe Adder that will not bee charmed , God will not heare prayers for him : will God heare a rebell when he comes to him for mercie , and is in a course opposite to Gods will ? As if a Traitor should come to sue for pardon with a dagger in his hand ; which were to increase the treason : So when a man comes to God and cryes to him and yet purposeth to live in sinne , and his conscience tells him that hee offers violence to GOD by his sins , and lives in rebellious courses , GOD will not heare his prayers . 2 Againe if we would bee in such a state as God may accept us when wee come to him , let us heare GOD when hee cryes to us , hee cryes to us in the ministrie of the word , Wisedome hath lift up her voyce , and this is GODS course , hee will heare us when wee heare him , Hee that turnes his eare from hearing of the Law , his prayer shall bee abhominable . Those that doe not attend upon Gods ordinances , that will have a kind of devotion private to themselves , & avoid the publike ordinance , that feare perhaps they shall heare somwhat that would awaken their conscience , and they would not bee tormented before their time , Let them consider ( it is a terrible speech of Salomon ) Hee that turnes his eare from hearing the Law , his prayer shall be abhominable . Let us take heed , it is a fearefull thing to bee in such an estate , that neither our owne prayers , nor others shall bee regarded for us , and let any man judge , if wee will not heare GOD speake to us , is it fit that hee should heare us speaking to him ? And before I leave the point , let mee presse it a little further , at this time wee have cause to blesse GOD for the deliverance of the Citie : Oh! but let all that have the spirit of prayer , that have any familiaritie with GOD , improve all their interest in heaven at this time , doe wee not conceive what danger wee are in ? What enemies wee have provoked ? What if wee be free from the sicknesse , are we not in great danger of worse matters th●n the sicknesse ? Is it not worse to fall into the hands of our enemies ? Have wee not great , provoked , cruell Idolatrous enemies ? therfore let us joyntly now all cry to GOD , and importune him , that hee would bee good to the State , that as he hath given us a pledg of his favour in delivering us from the plague , so hee would not bee weary of doing good unto us , but that hee would still make it a token of further favours , and deliverances hereafter : That as Hee delivered us in former times , in 88 , and magnified his mercie to us , so now Hee would not expose us to the crueltie of Idolatrous enemies , whose mercies are cruell . Let us stirre up our selves ; Securitie and carelesnesse alway fore-runnes one destruction or other . Prayer will doe a great deale more good , now , then when trouble hath overtaken us , for now it is a signe it comes from a religious seeking of God , then it comes from selfe-love . There is a great deale of difference , when a malefactor seeks to the judge before the time of the Assises , and when hee seeks to him at the present time , for then it is meerly out of selfe respect and not respect to him . If wee seeke to God now hee will single , and marke out those that mourne for the sins of the time , and poure out their spirits to him in prayer that hee would still dwell and continue the meanes of salvation amongst us , when God I say comes to gather his Iewells Mal. 3. He will single , and cull out them as peculiar to himselfe . Therefore let us in all our prayers put in the Church , things doe more then speake , they cry to us to cry to GOD earnestly , put case wee bee not in trouble our selves , our prayers will bee the more acceptable : before trouble come it is the onely way to prevent it , as it is the only way to rescue us when we are in trouble . I come now to the remedie . Hee saved them out of their distresse . GOD is a Physitian good at all manner of sicknesses , it is no matter what the disease bee , if GOD bee the Physitian , though they bee as these at the gates of death , hee can fetch them backe ; herein GOD differs from all other Physitians . First of all hee is a generall Physitian , hee can heale a Land , a whole Kingdome of sicknesse , of pestilence and as it is in , 2 Chro. 7.14 . Then he is a Physitian of body , and soule , of both parts ; And then he is not tyed to meanes . Other Physitions can cure , but they must haue meanes . Other Physitians cannot cure all manner of diseases , nor in all places , but GOD can cure all . He saved them out of their distresse . Other physitians cannot bee alway present but God is so to euery one of his patients he is a compassionate tender present Physitian . Which should incourage vs in any extremity ( especially in sicknesse of body ) to haue recourse to God , and never to despaire though wee bee brought never so low , he that can rayse the dead bodies , can rayse vs out of any sicknesse ; therefore let vs use the meanes , and when there is no meanes trust God : for hee can worke beyond meanes , and without meanes . They cryed to the Lord , and he saved them out of their distresse ; It was the fruit of their prayers . There was never any prayer from the beginning of the world made to God successelesly . What should I speake of prayer , our very breathings are known to God when wee cannot speake our sighs , as it is Psal. 38. My groanes and sighs are not hid from thee . God hath a bottle for our teares , and preserves our sighes and groanes , there is nothing that is spirituall in us , but God regards , as in Rom. 8. We know not what to aske , but the spirit of God stirreth vp in us sighs and groanes that cannot be expressed , And God heares the voyce of the sighs of his owne spirit . Let us also bee exhorted from this issue , to cry vnto the Lord : for there was never any man did , sow prayers in the breast and bosome of God , but he received the fruit of it , he is a God hearing prayer , hee will not loose his attribute . Nay , further ( marke ) the instances in this Psalme , are not made onely of men in the Church , but likewise of men out of the Church , of men that have not the true religion , they pray to GOD , as creatures to the Creator , and though GOD have not their soules , yet hee will not bee beholding to any man for duties , if Ahab do but hypocritically fast , Ahab shall haue outward deliverance for his outward humiliation , and these men mentioned in the text , if they call to GOD but as creatures , and not to Idols , GOD will regard them in outward things , and deliver them . GOD will not be in any mans debt for any service to him though it bee outward . And doe we think that he that regards dogges out of the Church , will neglect his children in the Church ? Hee that regards heathen men when they pray to him in their extremity , and delivers them to shew his over-flowing bounty , and goodnesse , will hee not regard his owne children , that haue the spirit of Adoption , of supplication , and prayer , that put vp their suits , and supplications , in the mediation , and sweete name of Christ ? will he not regard the name , and intercession of his sonne and of his spirit , the Holy Ghost stirring vp prayers in them , and the state of his children , being his by adoption , since he regards the very heathen . Nay more then so , God heares the very young ravens , and spreads a table for euery living thing , and will not suffer them to die for hunger , but provides for them , because they are his creatures , and will hee not for his children , those that he hath taken to be so neere him to be heires of heaven , & happinesse ? Let us I say , be incouraged to cry unto the Lord upon all occasions , if God bee so good as to deliver sinfull men ( that haue nothing in them but the principles of nature ) when they flye to God in praier , as the author and preserver of nature , much more will hee heare his owne children , he will giue his spirit to them that aske him , Luke 11. But here may an objection be made , I haue cried long , I am hoarse with crying , I haue wayted a longtime , I have bin a long time sick , or annoyed with some particular trouble , & God seemes as it were to stop his ears , to harden his heart against me , to shut up his bowels of compassion , and pitty , therefore I were as good giue ouer as continue still crying , and not be heard . I answer , there is no one duty almost more pressed in scripture then waiting & watching to prayer , waite still , hath not God waited thy leasure long enough , and wilt not thou waite on him ? A patient when he feeles his body distempered with Physicke , oh hee cries out partly for the Physick , and partly for the sicknes , that trouble him both together , and make civill warre in his body , yet notwithstanding the Physitian wisely lets it worke he ; shall haue no cordiall , nor nothing to hinder it , he lets it goe on till the Physicke have wrought well , & carried away the malignant matter , that he may be the better for it , and that hee is a loving and tender Physitian , yet so God when we are in trouble it is as Physick we cry but God he turnes the glasse as the Physitians doe ; nay this time shall be expired it shall work so long , till thy pride be taken away , thou shalt be humbled throughly , till thou be weaned from thy former wicked pleasures , till thou be prepared to receiue further blessings ; therefore they crie , and crie , and God deferres to heare the voyce of his children , in the meane time he loues to heare the cry of his children , and their prayer is as sweet incense , yet he deferres stil , but all is for the patients good , be not weary of waiting , it is a great mercy that Hee makes thee able to continue crying that thou hast the spirit of Prayer , that thou canst poure out thy soule to God , it is a great mercy and so account of it . Perhaps thou hast not cast out thy Ionas , thy Achan , that there is some particular sinne , vnrepented of , and thou cryest and cryest but thy sinne cries louder , thy pride , or thy oppression cries , thy wicked course cries , thou cryest unto God , and there is another thing cries in thee , that cries vengeance as thou doest for mercie , therefore search out thy Achan , cast out thy beloued sinne , see if thou regard iniquity in thy heart , if thou regard any pleasing , or profitable , or gainfull sin , and never thinke that God will heare thee till that bee out , for it will out-cry thy prayers . The next thing is the manner of Gods cure . Hee sent his word and healed them . WHAT word ? His secret commaund , his will. Let such a thing be , as in the creation . Let there bee light , &c. Besides his word written , there is his word creating , and preserving things created , and so here restoring them that were sicke , Hee sent his word and healed them , and so at the resurrection , his Word , his voyce shall raise our bodies againe . It is a strange manner of cure for GOD to cure by his word , by his commaund . It shewes that GOD hath an universall commaund of all things in the world , in heaven , and earth , over divells , and over sicknesses , as it is said in the Gospell , Hee rebuked the sicknesses , Hee can rebuke the agues , the plague , and the pestilence , and they shall bee gone by his word , as the Centurion sayd , I am a man that have servants under mee , and I say to one come , and hee commeth , and to another goe , and he goeth , so thou hast all things under thee , thou art GOD , and if Thou say to a disease , Come , it commeth , if Thou say goe , it goeth , GOD sent his word of command and healed them . It is but a word of God to heale , but a word of God , to strike , Hee is the Lord of Hostes , If Hee doe but hisse ( as the Prophet saith ) for the flie of Egypt ; If Hee doe but call for an Enemie , they come at his word , as wee see in Pharaohs plagues , the Flies , and Frogs , all things obey his word . There is a s●cret obedience in all things to God , when his will is that they shall doe this or that : why doth the Sea keepe his bounds , when as the nature and position of the Sea is to bee above the earth ? It is the command of GOD that hath sayd , Let it bee there , and hither shall thy proud waues goe , and no further . I might give many instances how GOD doth all by his word ; The Divells are at his word , the whales , the Sea , when Christ rebukes it obeyes . It should teach us not to displease this GOD , that can strike us in the middest of our sinnes even with a word . Let us feare this GOD , put case we had no enemie in the world , God can arme a mans humours against him , he can raise the spirit , and soule against it selfe , and make it fight against it selfe by desperate thoughts , hee needed not forreine forces for Achitophel ▪ and Saul , he could arme their owne soules against themselves . And when hee will take downe the greatest Gyant in the world , he needs not forreine forces , it is but working of a disease , but giving way to a humour , but inflaming the spirits , and the soule shall abhorre all manner of meat . Againe , he gives a command , a rebuke , and they are gone presently , therefore let us not offend this great God , that is commander of heaven , and earth ; let us labour to please him , and it is no matter who else wee displease : for hee hath all things at his command , even the hearts of kings as the rivers of water , when Esau sought for Iacob to hurt him , there was a secret command God set upon him to love him ; therefore we should feare him , and all other things shall feare us , we need feare nothing ( so we have a care to feare God ) further then in God , and for God ; but not so to feare them , as to doe evill for them , and offend the great God that can with a word command sicknesse to come or bid it be gone . Againe , in that God when all second causes faile can heale by his word , therefore , let us never bee discouraged from praying though wee see a hurly-burly , and tumult in the Church , though we see all Europe in combustion , and the Church driven into a narrow corner , let us not give over prayer ; for Christ , that with a word commanded the waves to bee still , and the divels to be gone , and they presently obeyed him ; he can still the waves of the Church ? hee can pt a hooke into the nostrils of his enemies , and draw them which way hee please , he can still all with his word ; therefore howsoever things seeme to run contrary , and opposite to our desires , yet let us not give over , hee that sees no ground of hope in carnall fleshly reason , let him despaire of nothing , despaire shuts the gate , and doore of mercy and hope , as it were : you see here when all meanes faile , when they were at the very gates , and entrie of death , God fetcheth them backe againe ; how ? with physick ? no , hee is not tyed to physicke , there is difference betweene God , and betweene nature and art ; nature and art can doe nothing without meanes , but the God of nature and art can doe it with his word . How made hee this heaven , and earth , this glorious fabrick ? with his word ; Let there be light , and there was light , &c. And how shall hee restore all againe ? with his mightie commanding word , how doth hee preserve things ? by his word , how are things multiplyed ? by his word , increase and multiplie , a word of blessing , he doth all things with his word . So hee can confound his enemies with a word , Nay Christ in his greatest abasement when they came with ●taves , and armes to take him ; Whom seeke ye , Saith hee ? that word struck downe all the Officers of the Scribes and Pharisees , they fell flat on the ground . Could he in his humiliation ( before his great abasement on the crosse ) strike downe his enemies with his word , what shall he doe at the day of judgement when all flesh shall appeare before him ? And what can he doe now at the right hand of God in heaven ? Let us never despaire , what state soever we be in , in our owne persons , or in respect of the Church or common wealth ; Let us yet pray , yet solicite God , and wrastle with him , for wee see here when they were at the gates of death , he fetcheth them againe with his word , hee can fetch things againe when they are at destruction , as it were , when mans wit is at a losse , that he knoweth not what course to take , God with a word can turne all things againe . Oh that men would therefore prayse the Lord for his goodnesse , and for his wondrous works to the children of men ! Let them sacrifice the sacrifice of Thansgiving and declare his workes with rejoycing . YOU see that God the great Physitian , he is good at all disseases , hee is never set at any thing for he can create helps , and remedies of nothing if there be none in nature , hee can create peace to the soule , in the the middest of trouble of conscience , God can make things out of nothing , nay out of contraries , you see here , what this great Physitian hath done hee fetched them from the gates of death when their soule abhorred all manner of meate , and what doth he require for all this great cure ? surely the text tells us he looks for nothing but prayse . Oh that men would therefore prayse the Lord for his goodnesse , &c. In which words you haue these circumstances considerable , together with the substance of the duty . First the persons , who must prayse God , Oh that men would prayse the Lord ; And then the duty they are to performe , to prayse God , to sacrifice to God , to declare his works , one main duty expressed by three termes . The third is , for what they should prayse him ; For his goodnesse , It is the spring of all : for all particular actions of God doe come from his nature , his nature is goodnesse it selfe and indeed all other attributes are founded on goodnesse , why is he gracious , and mercifull and long-suffering ? because he is good , this is the primitiue attribute . And then another thing for which we must praise him , For his wondrous workes for the children of men . Fourthly the manner how this should be done with rejoycing , and singing as the word signifies , declare his workes with rejoycing . For as all holy actions must be done joyfully , and chearefully , so especially prayse , God loveth a chearefull giver , much more a chearefull thanksgiver : for chearfulnesse is the very nature of thankesgiving , it is a dead sacrifice of thanksgiving it is a dead sacrifice else these are the mayne things considerable in these words , First of all of the persons . Oh that men would prayse the Lord. THE blessed Psalmist whosoever he were , ( directed by the spirit of God , ) hee would haue all men to prayse God , not onely those that participate and haue interest in the favour but the beholders also of the goodnesse of God to others , for here hee that was not interressed in these favours for his owne particular , yet hee prayseth God for the blessings to others , and hee wisheth that God might haue praise from them . For we are all of one societie , of one family , wee are all brethren , therefore wee must prayse God for his blessings , and benefits on others , and not onely our selues but we must wish that all would do so , and specially wee must prayse God for our selues , when we haue part of the benefit : for shall others prayse God for us , and shal notwe for our selues ? Shall the Churches of God abroad prayse God , for his great deliverance of this citie , ( as there is no Church in the world that heares of it , but is thankfull for it ) and shall not wee for our selues ? Shall the angels in heaven prayse God , and sing for the redemption of the Church by the blood of Christ , Glory to God on high peace on earth , good will to men , and shall not we that haue interest in the worke of redemption : For Christ is not a mediator of redemption to Angels hee hath relation to them in another respect , yet they out of loue to God , and the Church , and a desire to glorifie God , hey prayse God for this , and shall not wee much more for our selues ? wee must prayse God our selues and desire that all would doe so , as he saith here , Oh that men would prayse the Lord , &c. and in some other Psalmes , he stirs up ' all the creatures hayle , and snow , and winde and all to prayse God. How can these praise God ? They doe it by our mouthes by giving vs occasion to prayse him . And they praise him in themselues : for as the creature groaneth , Rom. 8. That none knowes but God , and it selfe , they groane for the corruption , and abuse that they are subject unto , and God knowes those groanes , so the creature hath a kind of voyce likewise in praysing of God , they declare in their nature the goodnesse of God , and minister occasion to us to praise GOD , therefore the Psalmist being desirous that GOD might be praysed , for his goodnesse and mercy , hee stirres vp every creature , Psal. 103. even the very Angels , insinuating that it is a worke fit for Angels . The children of God , haue such a loue , and zeale to the glory of GOD , that they are not content only to prayse GOD themselues , but they stirre vp all : they need not to wish Angels to doe it , but only to shew their desire , oh the blessed disposition of those that loue God in Christ ! What shall wee thinke then of those wretched persons that greiue that the word of God should run and haue free passage , and be glorious , and that there should be a free use of the sacraments and the blessed meanes of salvation ? they envie the glory of God , and the salvation of peoples soules . What shall we say to those that desire to heare God dishonoured , that perhaps sweare , and blaspheme themselues , or if they doe not yet they are not touched in their hearts for the dishonour of God by others , ? this is far from the disposition of a Christian , he desires that all creatures may trumpet ou● the prayse of God , from the highest Angell to the lowest creature , from the Sunne , and starres to the meanest shrub , only divellish spirited carnal men take delight to blaspheme God , ( that can strike them with his word and send them to their owne place to hell , without repentance ) and can heare him dishonoured without any touch of spirit , a child of God desires God to be glorified from his very heart roote , and is greived when God is dishonoured any kind of way , so much breifly for the first , Now what is the dutie this holy man wishes ? That men would prayse God. And sacrifice the sacrifice of thankesgiving , and declare his workes . OUT of the largenesse of his heart he expresseth the same thing in many words , therefore I shall not need to make any scruple in particularizing of them , because there is not so much heed to bee given in the expressions of a large heart as to be punctuall in every thing . First he begins with prayse . Oh t●at men would therefore praise the Lord , &c. It is a duty as I said before fit for Angels , fit ? nay it is performed by them : For it is all the worke they doe , it is the onely worke that was religious , that Adam did in Paradise , and that we shall doe in heaven with God , therefore we are never more in Heaven , then when we take all occasions of blessing , and praising God , wee are never in a more happie estate . It is a duty therefore we should ayme at , and the rather , because it is the fruite , and end of all other duties whatsoeuer ; what is the end of all the good we doe , but to shew our thankfulnesse to God ? the end of our fruitfulnesse in our place , that others may take occasion to glorifie God. What is the end of our hearing ? To get knowledge , and grace , that wee may be the better able to prayse God , in our mouths , and in our lives . What is the end of receiving the sacrament ? nay , what is the duty it selfe ? a thanksgiving ? what is the end of prayer ? to begge graces , and strength that so we may carry our selues in our places , as is fit , that so wee may not want those things without which we cannot so well glorifie God , so the end of all is to glorifie God. It is the end that God intended in all , he framed all things to his owne prayse , in the creation . Why hath God given man reason here upon the stage of the world ? to behold the creatures , Rom. 1. that seeing in the creature , the wisedome of God , in ordering of things , the goodnesse of God in the vse of things , and the power of God in the greatnesse of things , the huge , vast heaven , and earth , hee might take occasion to glorifie , and magnifie this God , to thinke highly of him , to exalt him in our thoughts , that his creatures heaven , and earth , be so beautifull , and excellent , what excellencie is in God himselfe ? And as the end of creation so in redemption , all is for his glory , and prayse , in Ephesians 1. how sweetly doth Saint Paul set forth the end of it . To the glory of his rich mercie and grace To bee mercifull to sinners to giue his owne sonne , for God to be come man , not for man in that estate as Adam was in innocencie but for sinners for God to triumph ouer sin , by his infinite mercy here is the glory of his grace shining in the Gospell , all is for the glory , and prayse of God there . And for particular deliverances in Psal. 50. Call upon me in the day of trouble . I will deliver thee , and thou shalt glorifie me , his deliverances of us in the passages of our life is that we may glorifie him , by taking notice in imminent dangers of some of his attributes : when there is no meanes of deliverance , of his power and goodnes , &c. In Revel . 4. The Elders are brought in praysing God for the work of creation , and then in the fifth for redemption , Thou art worthy , for thou hast redeemed vs , so indeed the worke of creation , redemption , and the particular passages of Gods providence , and protection , and preservation , they are matter of prayse in heaven , and earth among Gods people . Now to name a few helpes , and meanes , to performe this duty the better . If we would stirre up our selues to prayse God let us consider our owne vnworthinesse ? As in prayer , there must be a humble heart , for a man will not seeke abroad , if hee haue somewhat at home , poverty of spirit and humilitie of heart , makes a man pray : so it is the humble soule that praiseth God , that sees no desert in it selfe , this is one way to help us to prayse God , to see nothing in our selues , why God should so regard us , as to giue us our lives for a prey , to set his loue on us , and to follow us with good , nay we haue deserved the contrary , that God should leave us , and expose us to misery , rather then to watch over us by his providence : what is in vs ? It is he that hath made vs , and not wee our selves , & he made us again , when we were sinners when wee were worse then naught , therefore to humble us , we must consider our owne vnworthinesse , hee that knowes himselfe vnworthy of any favour , hee will bee thankfull even for the least , as we see in Iacob , I am lesse then the least of all thy favours , therefore he was thankfull for the least : so wee see here in the text , these men are stirred vp to prayse God , they saw no other helpe , no worthinesse in themselues , they were at the gates of death , in a desperate estate , O that such men would praise God , indeed such men are fittest to praise God , that can ascribe help to nothing but to God , to no second causes . 2 Therfore in the next place ( as a branch of the former ) if we would praise God , dwel not on the second causes , if God use second causes in any favour he bestowes on vs , either in keeping us from any ill or bestowing any good cōsider it as a means that God might dispence with , that he might use if he would , or not vse : See God in the second causes , rise from them to him : Art thou healed by Physick ? Use Physicke as a meanes , but see God in it , but if God hath cured thee without Physick , without ordinary meanes , then see him more immediatly doing good to thee without the helpe of second causes , that is one way to helpe us to prayse God to see him in every favour , and deliverance , for what could second causes doe , if hee should not giue a blessing ? especially prayse him when he hath immediately done it , as he can , did not he make light before there was a sunne ? he is not tyed to giue light by the sunne , and hee made waters before hee made the clouds ; hee is not tied to the clouds , therefore especially prayse God , when wee haue deliverance we know not how , without meanes , immediatly from the goodnes , and strength of God. Againe if wee would praise God for any favour , consider the necessitie , and vse of the favour wee pray for , as these men here , they were at Deaths doore , and loathed all manner of meate , alas they had died if God had not helped them , If thou wouldest blesse God , consider what a miserable stare thou should be in , if thou hadst not that favour to praise God for : If thou be to blesse God for thy sences , put case thou shouldest want thy sight , what a miserable case thou shouldest be in : so for any of the sences that a man wants , whereby hee should glorifie God , and take the comfort of the Creature , put case a man should want his tast , as these men here , their soule abhorred all manner of meate , alas what a miserable case is it to want a relish , and tast of the comfort that God hath put into the creatures , put case we should want the meanest benefite wee enjoy , how uncomfortable would our lives be ? This sparke of reason that God hath given us , that wee have understanding to conceive things , which is the engine whereby we doe all things as men , and are capable of the grace of God , what a miserable thing were it , if God should take away our wits , or suspend the use of them ? But especially in matters of grace , if God had not sent Christ to redeeme the world , what a cursed condition had we lyen in ? next to Divels . Againe if wee would praise God , 4 let us every day keepe a Diary of his favours , and blessings ; what good hee doth us privately , what positive blessings he bestowes upon vs , and what dangers hee frees us from , and continues , and renewes his mercies every day , and publikly what benefit wee have by the state we live in , Oh what a happie state is it that we live in peace , that wee enjoy such lawes , that every man may fit under his owne vine , and under his owne figtree and enjoy the comforts of this life , when all the world about us are , and have beene in combustion ! We should keepe a Register of Gods blessings , Oh , that wee could learne to have such exact lives ! it would breed a world of comfort , and wee should have a lesse account to make , when wee die . Every day labour to be humbled for our sinnes specially such as break the peace of our consciences , and never give our bodies rest till our hearts have rest in the favour of God , and together with matter of humiliation dayly observe how God bestowes new favours , or else continues the old , that notwith withstanding our provocation , and forgetfulnesse of him , hee strives with us by his goodnesse , this is a blessed duty that we should labour to performe . And then when we have done this let us rouse up all that wee are , and all that wee have within us to praise God , Psalme 103. My soule praise the Lord , and all that is within me praise his holy Name . What have wee within us to praise God ? Let us praise God with our understanding , to conceive , and have a right judgement of Gods favours , of the worthinesse of them , and our owne un worthinesse , and then a sanctified Memory , forget not all his benefites ; forgetfulnesse is the grave of Gods blessings it buries all . And then there is in us the affection of joy , and love to God to tast him largely , and then all within us will be large in the praising of God. And our tongue likewise though that be not within us , it is called our glory ; let us make it our glory in this , to Trumpet our Gods praise upon all occasions , all that is within us , and all that we are , or have , or can do , let it be all to the glory , and praise of God. To draw to a conclusion with some generall application , of all that hath beene spoken , and then in particular to the present occasion . You know how God hath dealt of late with this Citie , and with our selves indeed , for we are all of one body politike , and however God visited them , yet it was our sinnes also that provoked him , we brought stickes to the common fire . A Physitian lets the arme blood , but the whole body is distempered , God let the Citie blood , but the whole kingdome was in a distemper , so that it was for our sins as well as theirs wee , all brought ( I say ) some thing to the common flame , and God afflicted us , even in them : God hath now stayd the sicknesse almost as Miraculously as hee sent it : It was a wonder that so many should be swept away in so short a time , it is almost as great a wonder that God should stay it so soone . And what may we impute it unto ? Surely as it is in the text . They cried unto the Lord , God put it into the hearts of the Governours of the state to appoint humiliation and crying to God , and therefore since God hath beene so mercifull upon our humiliation it is religiously , and worthily done of the state that there should be a time to blesse God Againe , God did it with a word , with a command , it was both in the inflicting and delivery ( as it were ) without meanes : for what could the Physitians doe in staying the Plague ? Alas all the skill in the world is at a losse in these kinds of sicknesses ! it comes with Gods command , it is Gods arrow more especially then other sicknesses , God sent it by his Command , first to humble us for our sin , and now hee hath stayd it with a word of command that from above 5000. a weeke , it is come to three persons , God hath sent his word and healed us . It was a pittifull state wee were in before : for indeed it was not onely a sicknesse upon the Citie but a civill sicknesse : the whole state w●s distempered : for as there is sicknesse in the body when there is obstruction , when there is not a passage for the spirits and the blood from the liver , & from the heart , and from the head these obstructions cause weakenesse , and faintings , and consumption , So was there not an obstruction in the state of late ? were not the veynes of the kingdome stopped ? Was not civill commerce stayed ? the affliction of this great Citie , it was as the affliction of the head or of the heart or of the liver ; if the maine vitall part be sick , the whole is sicke , so the whole kingdome not only by way of sympathy , but it was civilly sicke in regard that all trading , and intercourse was stopped , it was a heavy visitation . And wee have much cause to blesse God that now the wayes of this Sion of ours mourne not , that-there is free commerce , and intercourse as before , that we can meete thus peaceably , and quietly at Gods ordinances , and about our ordinarie callings , those that have an apprehension of the thing cannot chuse but breake out in thanksgiving to God , in divers respects . 1 First of all , have not we matter to praise God that he would correct us at all ? hee might have suffred us to have gone on and beene damned with the wicked world as it is 1 Cor. 11.33 . We are therfore chastened of the Lord that wee should not be damned with the world : it is his mercy that hee would take us into his hands as children , that he would visite us at all . Another ground of thankesgiving is this that since he would correct us , 2 he would use this kind of correction , that he would take us into his owne hands ; might he not have suffred a furious , bloody darke spirited , divellish spirited enemy to have invaded us , to have fallen into the hard hands of men acted with divel●ish malice ? David thought this a favour , even that God would single him out to punish him with the Plague of pestilence that he might not fal before his enemies . The mercies of God are wondrous great when we fall into his hands hee is a mercifull God , hee hath tender bowels fu●ll of pitty and compassion : but The very mercies of wicked Idolaters are cruell , there was a mercie therefore in that , that God would take us into his owne hands . 3 In the third place , we see when he had taken us into his own hands , how he hath stopped the raging of the pestilence , and hath inhibited the destroying Angell , even in a wondrous manner , that the Plague when it was so raging that it should come to decrease upon a sudden ; God was wondrous in this worke , is not here matter of praise ? 4 Then againe , it is a mercy to us all here that he should give us our lives for a prey as God sai●h in Ieremiah to Baruch , Wheresoever thou goest thou shalt have thy life for a prey , might not Gods arrow have followed us wheresoever wee went ? Whither can a man goe from this arrow , but that God being every where might smite him with the pestilence ? now in that hee hath watched over us , and kept us from this noysome contagious sicknes , and hath brought us altogether here quietly and freely , that so there may bee entercourse betweene man and man in trading , and other callings , this is the fourth ground of praysing of God. And that it did not rage in other parts : 5 in former time God scattered the pestilence more ouer the kingdome : It is a great matter to blesse God for . I beseech you let us say with the same spirit , as this holy man h●re , Oh that men therefore would prayse the Lord for his goodnes , and for the wonders that he doth for the children of men ! For his goodnesse , that hee would rather correct us here then damne us , for his goodnesse , that hee would not giue us up to our enemies , For his goodnesse , that he stayd the infection so suddenly , and that he stayd the spreading of it further , For his goodnesse vnto us in particular that hee hath kept us all safe . What shall wee doe now but consecrate , and dedicate these liues of ours for he giues us our liues more then once , at the beginning , there is neuer a one heere but can say by experience , GOD hath given me my life , at such a time , and such a time , let us give these lives againe to God , labour to reforme our former courses , and enter into a new covenant with God , this is one part of thanksgiving to renew our covenant with God , to please him better , and indeed in every thanksgiving , that should bee one ingredient . Now Lord I intend ; and resolue to please thee better , whatsoeuer my faults haue formerly beene , I resolue by thy grace , and assistance to breake them off , without this all the other is but a dead performance . Now breifly by way of analogie , and proportion , to rayse some meditations from that that hath hath beene delivered concerning the body to the soule , for God is the Physitian both to soule , and body . If God with his word can heale our bodies as the Psalmist sayth here , much more can hee with his word heale our Soule . There are many that their bodies are well ( thanks be to God ) but how is it with their soules ? here you haue some symptomes to know their spirituall state and oh that people were apprehensiue of it ! haue you not many that their soule loatheth all manner of meate , and they draw neere the gates of death , their soules are in a desperate state , they are deeply sick , how shall wee know it ? their soule abhorreth all manner of wholsome meate : how many are there that relish Poets , and history , any trifle that doth but feed their vaine fancie and yet cannot relish the blessed truth , and ordinances of God ? Where is spirituall life , when this spirituall sence is gone : when men cannot relish holy things ? if they relish the ordinance of God , it is not the spirituall part of it , so farre as the spirit toucheth the conscience , but something that ( it may be ) is sutable to their conceit expressions , or phrases or the like , but it is a symptom and signe of a fearefull declining state , when men doe not relish the spirituall ordinances of God , which should be ( as it were ) their appointed food , when they doe not delight to acquaint themselues with God in hearing of the word , and reading , and the like , let such therefore , as delight not in spirituall things know that their soules lye gasping they are at the gates of spirituall death , all is not well there is some fearfull obstruction upon the soule , that takes away the appetite , the soule runnes into the world ouermuch , they cloy themselues with the world , when men cānot relish heavenly things they are eate vp with the delight and joy of other things pleasures and profits . Let them search the cause , and labour for purging sharpe things that may procure an appetite Let them judge themselues , and see what is the matter that they doe not delight more in heauenly things ; let them purge themselues by confession to God , and consideration of their sins , and labour to recover their appetite , for it is almost a desperate estate , They are at the gates of death . Especially now when we come to the communion , what doe we heere if we cannot relish the food of our soules ? let us examine if we desire to tast the loue of God , and to be acquainted with God here if not , What shall wee doe in these spirituall distempers ? Desire of God , cry to God , that he would forgiue our sinnes , and heale our soules by his holy Spirit , that hee would make us more spirituall to relish heavenly things , better then we haue done before , that as the things , that are heauenly , are better in their kind then other things are ; so they may be better to our tast . A man may know the judgement of his state , when hee answereth not the difference of things : what the difference is between the food of life , and ordinary food , what the difference is between the comforts of the holy Ghost , and other comforts , betweene the riches , and pelfe of the world , and the riches of the spirit , the graces of God that will cause a man to liue and die with comfort , the true riches that make the soule rich to eternity , there is no comparison : beg of God , this spi●ituall relish to discerne of things that differ , that we may recouer our appetite God by his word , and spirit can doe it , not only the word written , but the in ward spirituall word written in our hearts , desire God to joyne his spirit with his word , and sacraments , and that will recover our tast and make us spirituall that we shall relish him that is both the feast-maker , and the feast it selfe , he is both the meat and the provider of the banquet . For whence is it that all other things are sweet to vs ? Deliverance from troble , and sicknesse ? because it is a pledge of our spirituall deliverance in Christ , the deliverance from hell and damnation , what comfort can a man haue that knowes not his state in grace , in the enjoying of his health , when hee shall think he is but as a sheepe kept for the slaughter ? hee knows not whether hee be in the favour of God or no ? Therefore let vs come , and renew our faith in the forgiuenesse of our sinnes through the blood of Christ , of whom we are made partakers in the Sacrament . For if we beleiue our deliverance from hell , and damnation by the body of Christ broken , and his bloodshed , then every thing will be sweet , when we know God loues us to life everlasting , then every thing in the way to life everlasting euen day●● bread will be sweete , because the same loue that giues heauen , giues dayly food , and the same loue that redeemes us from hell redeemes us from sicknes , therefore let us labour to strengthen our faith in the maine , that wee may bee thankfull for the lesse . And as we enter into new couenant with God ; so labour to keepe it : in Levit. 26. euery thing auengeth the breaking of Gods couenant when we make couenant to serue him better for the time to come , and yet breake it , God is forced to send his messenger he sends sicknesse to avenge his Covenant , considering that he hath lately so auenged it , let it make us so much the more circumspect in our carriage . So much for this time , and text . FINIS . Imprimatur . Thomas Wykes . May 11 1638. Notes, typically marginal, from the original text Notes for div A12191-e150 Vers. 9● Parts of the text . God takes particular notice of his . Womens affections to religion strong . Reas. 1. 2 3 Great things in religion from small beginnings Callings allowed by God. Commerce lawfull . Vse of garments . The selling and wearing rich attire lawfull . Object , 3. Sorts of people before Christ Workes of preparation necessary to conversion . Preparations are from God. Preparations remooue hindrances . Quest. Answ. Progresse of preparation . God brings his elect under means . Preparations not to be rested in . God opens the heart . 1 The heart naturally shut . 2 God alone opens the heart . 1 There is want of ability in the soule . 2 There is an opposition . Vse Patience to others . 2 Tim. 2. Thankfulnesse . What ment by heart . The mind must bee sanctified to attend to the word . God opens the heart to attend . Vse . Triall whether our hearts be opened . The Gospell the Ground of faith : The word preached the usuall meanes of faith . Rom. 10. Vse . To pray ●or labou●●ers in Gods har●est . To prize the ordinance of preaching . Attention necessarie . 4 Things requisite to ●ight . Directions to attend on the word . 1 Search our wants . 2 Come with subjection . 3 To get the word ingrafted . 4 Meditation . Quest. How to know we attend aright . Answ. 1 When wee know not the word , but the things . 2 The soule ecchoes to the word . 3 They see things in their owne light . They judge according to their profit . Baptisme the seale of salvation . How to thinke of our Baptisme . Honour of good governours of families . Good instructions may be effectuall long after . Christians easie to be intreated . Approbation of strong Christians confirmes the weake . To judge well of Christians . Lydias invitation . To shew her loue . To be further inst●●cted . Faith fruitfull . Triall of faith by love 1 To Christ. 2 To his members . 3 To his Word . Notes for div A12191-e10940 The scope of the Psalme . 4 Instance of Gods providence vers . 4. vers . 10. vers . 17. Verse 23 Division o● the text . Who ment by fooles . Why wicked men are termed fooles . 1 For lack of discerning . 2 For passion Passion presents things falsely . 3 Iesting with sinne . 4 Forgetfulnesse of his end . Wicked men wittie in their generation . 5 He wounds himselfe . Vse 1. To humble wicked men . 2 Aggravation of sinne . 3 Begge spirituall wisdome . 4 Not to passe for the censures of the wicked Folly in Gods children . Psa. 38.5 . Psal. 73. The breach of the second table comes from the breach of the first . ●nhappy succession of sin . Vse . Take heed of beginnings of sinne . Doct. Sinne the cause of sicknesse . 1 Cor. 11.31 . Vse 1. To justifie God. 2 To be patient . 3 Search out our particular sin . To seeke God in trouble . The course of worldlings Psal. 32. Divinity transcends other arts . Sicknesse how from God , how from sin . The cause of murmuring in trouble . Sin puts a rod in Gods hand Sin a poyson . Salvian Extremity of sicknes . Naturall cause of sicknesse : Happines of Epicures vnstable . To blesse God for appetite . How to converse with the sicke . Gates of death . Death it selfe . 2 Authority of death . Misery of wicked men . Rom. 5. 3 Power of death . Vse . To disarme death . 2 Cor. 15. Doct. God suffers men to fall to great misery . Reas. 1. 3. Gods children cry to him in affliction . Atheisme against nature . Why God sendeth affliction . To submit to God patiently . Prayer a speciall remedie in affliction . To be in a state fit to pray . 1 Take heed of knowne sinne . 2 Heare God calling on us . Exhortation to prayer . Prayer best before affliction . Mal. 3 : Remember the Church in our prayers . God the best Physitian . 2 Chron. 7.14 . Vse . To haue recourse to God in sicknes . Doct. Prayer to God successefull Psal. 38. Rom. 8. God hears heathens . Much more his children Luke 11. Object . Answ. Wayting after prayer necessary . God deferres for our good . Beloved sins hinder prayer . Gods powerful word ▪ Gods command over all things . Vse . Take heed of displeasing God. Jncouragement to pray from Gods power . Christs word in his abasement powerfull . All men praise Go● To praise God for others . Especially for our selues . Luke 2 . 1● 14. Creatures prayse God bow . Rom. 8. Psal. 103. Wicked men only dishonour God. Prayse a duty fit for Angels . Prayse the fruit , and end of all we doe . Of hearing . Of the Sacrament . Praysing God the end of the creation , Rom. 1. It is the end of redemption . Ephes. 1. Psal. 50. Jt is the end of our particular deliverances . Rev. 4. Rev. 5. Helps and meanes to praise God. Consider our owne vnworthinesse . 2 Not to rest on second causes . The necessity and use of the blessing . 4 Dayly register Gods favours . To prayse God with that which is in us . Psal. 103. Our vnderstaning . Memory . Ioy. Tongue . In the great visitation . 1625. Simile . Concerning deliverance from the plague , to blesse God. 1 That hee would correct . 1 Cor. 11.33 . 2 That hee would do it himselfe . 3 That he stayed the Pestilence . 4 That our lives were spared . 5 That it spread not farre . God by his Word heales the soule . Symptome of a sicke soule . To recover spirituall appetite . What to do in spirituall distempers , Levit. 26.