A sermon preached before the Queen at White-Hall, April the 9th, 1693, concerning the sacrifice and satisfaction of Christ by John, Lord Archbishop of Canterbury.
         Tillotson, John, 1630-1694.
      
       
         
           1693
        
      
       Approx. 53 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 21 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images.
       
         Text Creation Partnership,
         Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) :
         2006-02 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1).
         A62611
         Wing T1248
         ESTC R9501
         12924903
         ocm 12924903
         95501
         
           
            This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of
             Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal
            . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.
          
        
      
       
         Early English books online.
      
       
         (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A62611)
         Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 95501)
         Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 729:14)
      
       
         
           
             A sermon preached before the Queen at White-Hall, April the 9th, 1693, concerning the sacrifice and satisfaction of Christ by John, Lord Archbishop of Canterbury.
             Tillotson, John, 1630-1694.
          
           [4], 36 p.
           
             Printed for B. Aylmer ..., and W. Rogers ...,
             London :
             1693.
          
           
             Half-title: The Archbishop of Canterbury's sermon concerning the sacrifice and satisfaction of Christ.
             Marginal notes.
             Reproduction of original in Huntington Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
         Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford.
         Re-processed by University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. Gap elements of known extent have been transformed into placeholder characters or elements to simplify the filling in of gaps by user contributors.
      
       
         EEBO-TCP is a partnership between the Universities of Michigan and Oxford and the publisher ProQuest to create accurately transcribed and encoded texts based on the image sets published by ProQuest via their Early English Books Online (EEBO) database (http://eebo.chadwyck.com). The general aim of EEBO-TCP is to encode one copy (usually the first edition) of every monographic English-language title published between 1473 and 1700 available in EEBO.
         EEBO-TCP aimed to produce large quantities of textual data within the usual project restraints of time and funding, and therefore chose to create diplomatic transcriptions (as opposed to critical editions) with light-touch, mainly structural encoding based on the Text Encoding Initiative (http://www.tei-c.org).
         The EEBO-TCP project was divided into two phases. The 25,363 texts created during Phase 1 of the project have been released into the public domain as of 1 January 2015. Anyone can now take and use these texts for their own purposes, but we respectfully request that due credit and attribution is given to their original source.
         Users should be aware of the process of creating the TCP texts, and therefore of any assumptions that can be made about the data.
         Text selection was based on the New Cambridge Bibliography of English Literature (NCBEL). If an author (or for an anonymous work, the title) appears in NCBEL, then their works are eligible for inclusion. Selection was intended to range over a wide variety of subject areas, to reflect the true nature of the print record of the period. In general, first editions of a works in English were prioritized, although there are a number of works in other languages, notably Latin and Welsh, included and sometimes a second or later edition of a work was chosen if there was a compelling reason to do so.
         Image sets were sent to external keying companies for transcription and basic encoding. Quality assurance was then carried out by editorial teams in Oxford and Michigan. 5% (or 5 pages, whichever is the greater) of each text was proofread for accuracy and those which did not meet QA standards were returned to the keyers to be redone. After proofreading, the encoding was enhanced and/or corrected and characters marked as illegible were corrected where possible up to a limit of 100 instances per text. Any remaining illegibles were encoded as <gap>s. Understanding these processes should make clear that, while the overall quality of TCP data is very good, some errors will remain and some readable characters will be marked as illegible. Users should bear in mind that in all likelihood such instances will never have been looked at by a TCP editor.
         The texts were encoded and linked to page images in accordance with level 4 of the TEI in Libraries guidelines.
         Copies of the texts have been issued variously as SGML (TCP schema; ASCII text with mnemonic sdata character entities); displayable XML (TCP schema; characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or text strings within braces); or lossless XML (TEI P5, characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or TEI g elements).
         
          Keying and markup guidelines are available at the
           Text Creation Partnership web site
          .
        
      
       
         
         
      
    
     
       
         eng
      
       
         
           Bible. -- N.T. -- Hebrews IX, 26 -- Sermons.
           Atonement -- Sermons.
           Sermons, English -- 17th century.
        
      
    
     
        2005-09 TCP
        Assigned for keying and markup
      
        2005-09 Apex CoVantage
        Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images
      
        2005-10 Jonathan Blaney
        Sampled and proofread
      
        2005-10 Jonathan Blaney
        Text and markup reviewed and edited
      
        2006-01 pfs
        Batch review (QC) and XML conversion
      
    
  
   
     
       
         
         
         
           The
           Archbishop
           of
           
           Canterbury's
           SERMON
           Concerning
           the
           
             Sacrifice
             and
             Satisfaction
             of
             Christ
          
           .
        
      
       
         
         
         
           A
           SERMON
           Preached
           before
           the
           QUEEN
           AT
           WHITE-HALL
           ,
           APRIL
           the
           9
           th
           .
           1693.
           
           
             Concerning
             the
          
           Sacrifice
           and
           Satisfaction
           of
           Christ.
           
        
         
           By
           JOHN
           Lord
           Archbishop
           of
           Canterbury
           .
        
         
           Publish'd
           by
           Her
           Majesty's
           special
           Command
           .
        
         
           LONDON
           :
           Printed
           for
           B.
           Aylmer
           ,
           at
           the
           
             Three
             Pigeons
          
           in
           Cornhill
           :
           And
           W.
           Rogers
           ,
           at
           the
           Sun
           over-against
           St.
           
           Dunstan's
           Church
           in
           Fleetstreet
           .
           1693.
           
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
         
           A
           SERMON
           Concerning
           the
           
             Sacrifice
             and
             Satisfaction
             of
             Christ
          
           ,
           &c.
           
        
         
           
             HEB.
             IX
             .
             26.
             
          
           
             But
             now
             once
             hath
             he
             appeared
             in
             the
             end
             of
             the
             world
             ,
             to
             take
             away
             sin
             by
             the
             sacrifice
             of
             himself
             .
          
        
         
           AMONG
           many
           other
           great
           ends
           and
           reasons
           for
           which
           God
           was
           pleased
           to
           send
           his
           Son
           into
           the
           World
           to
           dwell
           amongst
           us
           ,
           this
           was
           one
           of
           the
           chief
           ,
           that
           by
           a
           long
           course
           of
           the
           greatest
           innocency
           and
           the
           greatest
           sufferings
           in
           our
           Nature
           he
           might
           be
           capable
           to
           make
           a
           perfect
           Expiation
           of
           Sin
           :
           
             But
             now
             once
             in
             the
             end
             of
             the
             world
             ,
          
           
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
          
           ,
           in
           the
           conclusion
           
           of
           the
           Ages
           ,
           that
           is
           in
           the
           last
           Age
           of
           the
           World
           ,
           which
           is
           the
           Gospel
           Age
           ,
           
             hath
             he
             appeared
             to
             take
             away
             sin
             by
             the
             sacrifice
             of
             himself
             .
          
        
         
           The
           general
           design
           of
           God
           in
           sending
           his
           Son
           into
           the
           World
           was
           to
           save
           mankind
           from
           eternal
           death
           and
           misery
           ,
           and
           to
           purchase
           for
           us
           eternal
           life
           and
           happiness
           .
           So
           the
           Author
           of
           our
           Salvation
           
           himself
           tells
           us
           ,
           That
           
             God
             so
             loved
             the
             World
             ,
             that
             he
             gave
             his
             only
             begotten
             Son
             ,
             that
             whosoever
             believeth
             in
             him
             should
             not
             perish
             ,
             but
             have
             everlasting
             life
             .
          
        
         
           Now
           in
           order
           to
           the
           procuring
           of
           this
           Salvation
           for
           us
           ,
           the
           impediments
           and
           hindrances
           of
           it
           were
           to
           be
           removed
           :
           these
           were
           the
           guilt
           ,
           and
           the
           dominion
           of
           Sin
           :
           By
           the
           guilt
           of
           Sin
           we
           were
           become
           obnoxious
           to
           the
           wrath
           of
           God
           and
           to
           eternal
           condemnation
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           defilement
           and
           dominion
           of
           it
           we
           were
           incapable
           of
           the
           happiness
           of
           Heaven
           and
           the
           reward
           of
           eternal
           Life
           .
        
         
           To
           remove
           these
           two
           great
           hindrances
           two
           things
           were
           necessary
           :
           the
           Forgivenes
           of
           sins
           past
           ,
           in
           order
           to
           our
           deliverance
           from
           the
           wrath
           of
           God
           and
           the
           eternal
           torments
           of
           the
           next
           Life
           ;
           and
           the
           Reformation
           of
           our
           hearts
           and
           lives
           to
           make
           us
           capable
           of
           eternal
           Life
           and
           happiness
           in
           another
           World.
           And
           both
           these
           ,
           if
           God
           had
           so
           pleased
           ,
           might
           have
           been
           effected
           by
           the
           abundant
           mercy
           and
           powerful
           grace
           of
           God
           ,
           
           without
           this
           wonderful
           method
           and
           dispensation
           of
           sending
           his
           Son
           in
           our
           Nature
           
             to
             take
             away
             sin
             by
             the
             sacrifice
             of
             himself
             :
          
           But
           it
           seems
           the
           wisdom
           of
           God
           thought
           fit
           to
           pitch
           upon
           this
           way
           and
           method
           of
           our
           Salvation
           ,
           and
           no
           doubt
           for
           very
           good
           Reasons
           ;
           amongst
           which
           these
           three
           seem
           to
           be
           very
           obvious
           and
           very
           considerable
           .
        
         
           First
           ,
           to
           vindicate
           the
           honour
           of
           his
           Laws
           ,
           which
           if
           Sin
           had
           gone
           altogether
           unpunish'd
           would
           have
           been
           in
           great
           danger
           of
           falling
           into
           contempt
           .
           For
           if
           God
           had
           proclaimed
           a
           general
           Pardon
           of
           Sin
           to
           all
           mankind
           ,
           without
           any
           testimony
           of
           his
           wrath
           and
           displeasure
           against
           it
           ,
           who
           would
           have
           had
           any
           great
           veneration
           for
           his
           Laws
           ,
           or
           have
           believed
           in
           good
           earnest
           that
           the
           violation
           of
           them
           had
           been
           either
           so
           extremely
           offensive
           to
           Him
           ,
           or
           so
           very
           dangerous
           to
           the
           Sinner
           ?
        
         
           Therefore
           to
           maintain
           the
           honour
           of
           his
           Laws
           ,
           rather
           than
           Sin
           should
           pass
           unpunish'd
           God
           would
           lay
           the
           punishment
           of
           it
           upon
           his
           only
           begotten
           Son
           ,
           the
           dearest
           Person
           to
           him
           in
           the
           World
           :
           Which
           is
           a
           greater
           testimony
           of
           his
           high
           displeasure
           against
           Sin
           ,
           and
           of
           his
           tender
           regard
           and
           concernment
           for
           the
           honour
           of
           his
           Laws
           ,
           than
           if
           the
           Sinner
           had
           suffered
           the
           punishment
           due
           to
           it
           in
           his
           own
           person
           .
        
         
         
           Secondly
           ,
           another
           Reason
           of
           this
           Dispensation
           ,
           and
           that
           likewise
           very
           considerable
           ,
           was
           ,
           that
           God
           might
           forgive
           Sin
           in
           such
           a
           way
           as
           yet
           effectually
           to
           discountenance
           and
           discourage
           it
           ,
           and
           to
           create
           in
           us
           the
           greatest
           horror
           and
           hatred
           of
           it
           :
           Which
           could
           not
           have
           been
           by
           an
           absolute
           Pardon
           ,
           without
           any
           punishment
           inflicted
           ,
           or
           satisfaction
           made
           to
           the
           honour
           of
           his
           Justice
           .
           For
           had
           Sin
           been
           so
           easily
           forgiven
           ,
           who
           would
           have
           been
           sensible
           of
           the
           great
           evil
           of
           it
           ,
           or
           afraid
           to
           offend
           for
           the
           future
           ?
        
         
           But
           when
           God
           makes
           his
           own
           Son
           a
           Sacrifice
           ,
           and
           lays
           upon
           him
           the
           punishment
           due
           for
           the
           iniquities
           of
           us
           all
           ,
           this
           is
           a
           demonstration
           that
           God
           hates
           Sin
           as
           much
           ,
           if
           it
           be
           possible
           ,
           as
           he
           loved
           his
           own
           Son.
           For
           this
           plainly
           shews
           what
           Sin
           deserves
           ,
           and
           what
           the
           Sinner
           may
           justly
           expect
           ,
           if
           after
           this
           severity
           of
           God
           against
           it
           he
           will
           venture
           to
           commit
           it
           .
        
         
           And
           if
           this
           Sacrifice
           for
           Sin
           ,
           and
           the
           Pardon
           purchased
           by
           it
           ,
           be
           not
           effectual
           to
           reclaim
           us
           from
           Sin
           ,
           and
           to
           beget
           in
           us
           an
           eternal
           dread
           and
           detestation
           of
           it
           :
           If
           we
           sin
           wilfully
           after
           so
           clear
           a
           revelation
           of
           
             the
             wrath
             of
             God
             from
             heaven
             against
             all
             ungodliness
             and
             unrighteousness
             of
             men
             ,
          
           there
           remains
           
             no
             more
             sacrifice
             for
             sin
             ,
             but
             a
             certain
             fearful
             looking
             for
             of
             judgment
             and
             fiery
             indignation
             to
             consume
             the
             adversaries
             .
          
           For
           what
           could
           
           God
           do
           more
           to
           testify
           his
           displeasure
           against
           sin
           ,
           and
           to
           discountenance
           the
           practice
           of
           it
           ,
           than
           to
           make
           his
           only
           Son
           an
           offering
           for
           Sin
           ,
           and
           to
           give
           him
           up
           to
           be
           wounded
           for
           our
           transgressions
           ,
           and
           bruised
           for
           our
           iniquities
           ?
           In
           what
           clearer
           Glass
           can
           we
           at
           once
           behold
           the
           great
           evil
           and
           demerit
           of
           Sin
           ,
           and
           the
           infinite
           goodness
           and
           mercy
           of
           God
           to
           Sinners
           ,
           than
           in
           the
           sorrows
           and
           sufferings
           of
           the
           Son
           of
           God
           for
           our
           Sins
           and
           for
           our
           sakes
           ?
        
         
           Thirdly
           ,
           another
           Reason
           of
           this
           Dispensation
           seems
           to
           have
           been
           a
           gracious
           condescension
           and
           compliance
           of
           Almighty
           God
           with
           a
           certain
           apprehension
           and
           persuasion
           ,
           which
           had
           very
           early
           and
           universally
           obtained
           among
           Mankind
           ,
           concerning
           the
           expiation
           of
           Sin
           and
           appeasing
           the
           offended
           Deity
           by
           Sacrifices
           :
           by
           the
           Sacrifices
           of
           living
           Creatures
           ,
           of
           Birds
           and
           Beasts
           ;
           and
           afterwards
           by
           Human
           Sacrifices
           and
           
             the
             blood
             of
             their
             sons
             and
             daughters
             :
          
           by
           offering
           to
           God
           ,
           as
           the
           expression
           is
           in
           the
           
             Prophet
             ,
             their
             first-born
             for
             their
             transgression
             ,
             and
             the
             fruit
             of
             their
             body
             for
             the
             sin
             of
             their
             souls
             .
          
        
         
           And
           this
           Notion
           of
           the
           expiation
           of
           Sin
           by
           Sacrifice
           ,
           whether
           it
           had
           its
           first
           Rise
           from
           
             Divine
             Revelation
          
           ,
           and
           was
           afterwards
           propagated
           from
           Age
           to
           Age
           by
           Tradition
           :
           I
           say
           ,
           from
           whence
           soever
           this
           Notion
           came
           ,
           it
           hath
           of
           all
           
           other
           Notions
           concerning
           Religion
           ,
           excepting
           those
           of
           the
           Being
           of
           God
           ,
           and
           his
           Providence
           ,
           and
           of
           the
           Recompences
           of
           
             another
             Life
          
           ,
           found
           the
           most
           universal
           reception
           ,
           and
           the
           thing
           hath
           been
           the
           most
           generally
           practised
           in
           all
           Ages
           and
           Nations
           ,
           not
           only
           in
           the
           old
           ,
           but
           in
           the
           new
           discovered
           parts
           of
           the
           World.
           
        
         
           And
           indeed
           a
           very
           great
           part
           of
           the
           Jewish
           Religion
           ,
           which
           was
           instituted
           by
           God
           himself
           ,
           seems
           to
           have
           been
           a
           plain
           condescension
           to
           the
           general
           Apprehension
           of
           Mankind
           ,
           concerning
           this
           way
           of
           appeasing
           the
           offended
           Deity
           by
           Sacrifices
           :
           As
           it
           was
           also
           a
           Figure
           of
           that
           great
           and
           efficacious
           Sacrifice
           which
           should
           in
           due
           time
           be
           offer'd
           to
           God
           to
           make
           atonement
           once
           for
           all
           for
           the
           Sins
           of
           all
           Mankind
           .
        
         
           And
           the
           Apostle
           to
           the
           Hebrews
           doth
           very
           particularly
           insist
           upon
           this
           condescension
           of
           God
           to
           them
           ,
           in
           the
           Dispensation
           of
           the
           Gospel
           :
           and
           whereas
           they
           apprehended
           so
           great
           a
           necessity
           of
           an
           High-Priest
           and
           of
           Sacrifices
           to
           make
           expiation
           for
           the
           sins
           of
           the
           People
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           an
           established
           Principle
           among
           them
           ,
           that
           
             without
             shedding
             of
             blood
             there
             was
             no
             remission
             of
             Sins
          
           ;
           God
           was
           pleased
           to
           comply
           so
           far
           with
           these
           Notions
           and
           Apprehensions
           of
           theirs
           ,
           as
           to
           make
           his
           own
           Son
           both
           a
           Priest
           and
           a
           Sacrifice
           ,
           to
           do
           that
           once
           for
           all
           which
           their
           own
           High-Priest
           pretended
           to
           do
           
             year
             by
             year
          
           .
        
         
         
           And
           from
           hence
           the
           same
           Apostle
           takes
           occasion
           to
           recommend
           to
           them
           the
           
             new
             Covenant
          
           and
           Dispensation
           of
           the
           Gospel
           ,
           as
           having
           a
           greater
           and
           more
           perfect
           High-Priest
           and
           a
           more
           excellent
           Sacrifice
           ,
           than
           were
           the
           High-Priests
           and
           the
           Sacrifices
           under
           the
           Law
           ;
           the
           
             Son
             of
             God
          
           having
           
             by
             one
             Sacrifice
             of
             himself
             obtained
             eternal
             Redemption
             for
             us
             ,
             and
             perfected
             for
             ever
             them
             that
             are
             sanctified
             .
          
        
         
           And
           this
           Apprehension
           prevailed
           no
           less
           in
           the
           Heathen
           World
           ,
           and
           proceeded
           to
           the
           Sacrifices
           of
           Men
           ,
           even
           of
           their
           first-born
           .
           And
           with
           this
           Apprehension
           ,
           not
           to
           countenance
           but
           to
           abolish
           it
           ,
           God
           was
           pleased
           to
           comply
           so
           far
           as
           to
           make
           a
           general
           Atonement
           for
           the
           Sins
           of
           Mankind
           by
           the
           Death
           of
           his
           Son
           ,
           appearing
           in
           our
           Nature
           to
           become
           a
           voluntary
           Sacrifice
           for
           us
           :
           God
           permitting
           him
           to
           be
           unjustly
           put
           to
           death
           and
           his
           blood
           to
           be
           shed
           by
           the
           malice
           of
           men
           ,
           in
           appearance
           as
           a
           Malefactor
           ,
           but
           in
           truth
           as
           a
           Martyr
           ;
           and
           accepting
           of
           his
           Death
           as
           a
           meritorious
           Sacrifice
           and
           
             propitiation
             for
             the
             Sins
             of
             the
             whole
             World
             :
          
           That
           by
           this
           wise
           counsel
           and
           permission
           of
           his
           Providence
           he
           might
           for
           ever
           put
           an
           end
           to
           that
           barbarous
           and
           inhuman
           way
           of
           serving
           God
           which
           had
           been
           so
           long
           in
           use
           and
           practice
           among
           them
           :
           The
           Son
           of
           God
           by
           the
           voluntary
           Sacrifice
           of
           himself
           having
           effected
           all
           that
           at
           once
           ,
           and
           for
           ever
           ,
           which
           Mankind
           
           from
           the
           beginning
           of
           the
           World
           had
           in
           vain
           been
           endeavouring
           to
           accomplish
           by
           innumerable
           and
           continual
           Sacrifices
           ;
           namely
           ,
           the
           pardon
           of
           their
           Sins
           ,
           and
           perfect
           peace
           and
           reconciliation
           with
           God.
           
        
         
           For
           these
           Ends
           and
           Reasons
           ,
           and
           perhaps
           for
           many
           more
           as
           great
           and
           considerable
           as
           these
           which
           our
           shallow
           understandings
           are
           not
           able
           to
           fathom
           ,
           the
           Wisdom
           of
           God
           hath
           pitched
           upon
           this
           way
           and
           method
           of
           delivering
           Mankind
           from
           the
           guilt
           and
           dominion
           of
           Sin
           by
           the
           Sacrifice
           of
           his
           Son.
           And
           to
           this
           end
           it
           was
           requisite
           that
           he
           should
           appear
           in
           our
           Nature
           and
           dwell
           amongst
           us
           for
           some
           considerable
           time
           ,
           that
           by
           a
           long
           course
           of
           the
           greatest
           Innocency
           and
           of
           the
           greatest
           Sufferings
           in
           our
           Nature
           he
           might
           be
           capable
           of
           making
           a
           perfect
           expiation
           of
           Sin.
           
        
         
           So
           that
           two
           things
           were
           requisite
           to
           qualify
           him
           for
           this
           purpose
           ;
           perfect
           Innocency
           and
           Obedience
           ,
           and
           great
           Sufferings
           in
           our
           Nature
           ,
           even
           to
           the
           suffering
           of
           Death
           .
           Both
           these
           the
           Scripture
           declares
           to
           be
           necessary
           qualifications
           of
           a
           Person
           capable
           to
           make
           expiation
           of
           Sin
           ;
           and
           both
           these
           were
           found
           in
           the
           Person
           of
           our
           
             B.
             Saviour
          
           .
        
         
           First
           ,
           unspotted
           Innocency
           and
           perfect
           Obedience
           .
           This
           the
           Scripture
           testifies
           concerning
           Him
           ,
           
           and
           the
           whole
           course
           of
           his
           Life
           and
           actions
           .
           
             He
             was
             in
             all
             points
             tempted
             like
             as
             we
             are
             ,
             yet
             without
          
           
           Sin
           ,
           saith
           the
           Apostle
           to
           the
           
             Hebrews
             .
             He
             always
             did
             the
             things
             which
             pleased
             God
             ,
          
           as
           He
           testifies
           concerning
           
           himself
           ,
           
             and
             we
             are
             sure
             that
             his
             witness
             is
             true
             .
             He
             did
             no
             sin
             ,
             neither
             was
             guile
             found
             in
             his
          
           
           mouth
           ;
           as
           
             St.
             Peter
          
           tells
           us
           of
           Him.
           And
           this
           was
           necessary
           to
           qualify
           him
           for
           the
           perfect
           expiation
           of
           Sin
           ,
           whether
           we
           consider
           Him
           as
           a
           Priest
           ,
           or
           as
           a
           Sacrifice
           .
        
         
           As
           a
           Priest
           ,
           he
           could
           not
           have
           been
           fit
           to
           make
           expiation
           for
           the
           Sins
           of
           others
           ,
           had
           he
           not
           been
           without
           sin
           himself
           .
           And
           this
           the
           Apostle
           tells
           us
           is
           one
           great
           Advantage
           of
           our
           High-Priest
           under
           the
           Gospel
           ,
           above
           the
           High-Priest
           under
           the
           Law
           ,
           who
           being
           a
           Sinner
           himself
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           those
           for
           whom
           he
           offer'd
           ,
           had
           need
           to
           offer
           for
           himself
           before
           he
           could
           make
           so
           much
           as
           a
           Legal
           expiation
           for
           the
           Sins
           of
           others
           :
           But
           a
           perfect
           and
           effectual
           expiation
           of
           Sin
           ,
           so
           as
           to
           purge
           the
           conscience
           from
           the
           guilt
           of
           it
           ,
           cannot
           be
           made
           but
           by
           an
           High
           Priest
           who
           is
           holy
           and
           innocent
           himself
           ;
           
             For
             such
             an
             High-Priest
          
           ,
           saith
           the
           
           
             Apostle
             ,
             became
             us
          
           ,
           that
           is
           ,
           now
           under
           the
           Dispensation
           of
           the
           Gospel
           ,
           when
           a
           perfect
           expiation
           of
           Sins
           is
           to
           be
           made
           ,
           
             such
             an
             High-Priest
          
           is
           necessary
           ,
           
             as
             is
             holy
             ,
             harmless
             ,
             undefiled
             ,
             separate
             from
             Sinners
             ,
             who
             needs
             not
             as
             those
             High-Priests
             ,
          
           that
           is
           as
           the
           
           High-Priests
           under
           the
           Law
           ,
           to
           
             offer
             up
             sacrifice
             first
             for
             his
             own
             Sins
             ,
             and
             then
             for
             the
             People
             :
          
           The
           plain
           force
           of
           which
           Argument
           is
           this
           ,
           that
           he
           who
           will
           be
           qualified
           to
           make
           atonement
           for
           the
           Sins
           of
           others
           must
           be
           without
           Sin
           himself
           .
        
         
           And
           then
           if
           we
           consider
           Christ
           as
           a
           Sacrifice
           for
           Sin
           ;
           perfect
           holiness
           is
           necessary
           to
           make
           a
           Sacrifice
           acceptable
           and
           available
           for
           the
           expiation
           of
           Sin.
           The
           necessity
           of
           this
           was
           typified
           by
           the
           quality
           of
           the
           
             expiatory
             Sacrifices
          
           under
           the
           Law
           :
           the
           Beasts
           that
           were
           to
           be
           offered
           were
           to
           be
           
             without
             spot
             and
             blemish
          
           :
           To
           which
           the
           Apostle
           alludes
           ,
           speaking
           of
           the
           quality
           and
           efficacy
           of
           
           the
           Sacrifice
           of
           
             Christ
             :
             How
             much
             more
          
           ,
           says
           he
           ,
           
             shall
             the
             blood
             of
             Christ
             ,
             who
             through
             the
             eternal
             Spirit
             offered
             himself
             without
             spot
             to
             God
             ,
             purge
             your
             consciences
             from
             dead
             works
             to
             serve
             the
             living
             God
             ?
          
           And
           to
           
           the
           same
           purpose
           
             St.
             Peter
             ,
             Forasmuch
             as
             ye
             know
             ye
             were
             not
             redeemed
             with
             corruptible
             things
             ,
             as
             silver
             and
             gold
             ,
             but
             with
             the
             precious
             blood
             of
             Christ
             ,
             as
             of
             a
             Lamb
             without
             blemish
             and
             without
             spot
             ,
          
           hereby
           intimating
           ,
           that
           nothing
           less
           than
           the
           perfect
           innocency
           and
           holiness
           of
           him
           who
           was
           to
           be
           a
           Sacrifice
           for
           us
           could
           have
           expiated
           the
           guilt
           of
           our
           sins
           and
           purchased
           eternal
           Redemption
           for
           us
           .
        
         
           Secondly
           ,
           great
           Sufferings
           likewise
           in
           our
           Nature
           ,
           even
           to
           the
           suffering
           of
           Death
           ,
           were
           requisite
           to
           the
           perfect
           expiation
           of
           Sin
           :
           I
           say
           ,
           
           even
           to
           the
           suffering
           of
           Death
           .
           For
           the
           Sacrifices
           which
           were
           to
           make
           expiation
           were
           to
           be
           slain
           .
           And
           it
           was
           a
           constant
           Maxime
           and
           Principle
           among
           the
           Jews
           ,
           and
           the
           Apostle
           more
           than
           once
           in
           this
           Epistle
           seems
           to
           allow
           and
           confirm
           it
           ,
           that
           
             without
             shedding
             of
             blood
             there
             was
             no
             remission
             of
             Sins
             .
          
        
         
           Not
           that
           God
           could
           not
           have
           pardoned
           Sin
           without
           satisfaction
           made
           to
           his
           Justice
           ,
           either
           by
           the
           suffering
           of
           the
           Sinner
           himself
           ,
           or
           of
           a
           Sacrifice
           in
           his
           stead
           :
           But
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           method
           and
           Dispensation
           which
           the
           Wisdom
           of
           God
           had
           pitched
           upon
           ,
           he
           was
           resolved
           not
           to
           dispense
           Forgiveness
           in
           any
           other
           way
           .
           For
           which
           reason
           he
           seems
           either
           to
           have
           possess'd
           Mankind
           with
           this
           Principle
           ,
           or
           to
           have
           permitted
           them
           to
           be
           so
           perswaded
           ,
           that
           
             Sin
             was
             not
             to
             be
             expiated
             but
             by
             Blood
             ,
          
           that
           is
           ,
           either
           by
           Death
           of
           the
           Sinner
           ,
           or
           of
           the
           Sacrifice
           .
        
         
           Now
           the
           Life
           of
           our
           
             B.
             Saviour
          
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           his
           Death
           ,
           was
           made
           up
           of
           Sufferings
           of
           one
           kind
           or
           other
           :
           Continual
           Sufferings
           from
           his
           Cradle
           to
           his
           Cross
           ,
           from
           the
           time
           he
           drew
           his
           first
           breath
           to
           his
           giving
           up
           of
           the
           ghost
           :
           And
           not
           only
           continual
           Sufferings
           ,
           but
           the
           greatest
           that
           ever
           were
           ,
           considering
           the
           Dignity
           of
           the
           Person
           that
           suffered
           ,
           and
           the
           nature
           of
           the
           Sufferings
           :
           Considering
           likewise
           that
           these
           Sufferings
           
           were
           not
           only
           wholly
           undeserved
           on
           his
           part
           ,
           but
           unmerited
           also
           on
           ours
           ,
           for
           whose
           sake
           he
           submitted
           himself
           to
           them
           :
           Nay
           ,
           on
           the
           contrary
           ,
           he
           had
           obliged
           to
           the
           utmost
           those
           for
           whom
           and
           by
           whom
           he
           suffered
           ,
           and
           continued
           still
           to
           oblige
           them
           by
           the
           greatest
           Blessings
           and
           Benefits
           purchased
           and
           procured
           for
           them
           by
           those
           very
           Sufferings
           which
           with
           so
           much
           Malice
           and
           Cruelty
           they
           inflicted
           on
           him
           .
        
         
           Had
           our
           
             B.
             Saviour
          
           been
           a
           mere
           Man
           ,
           the
           perfect
           Innocency
           and
           unspotted
           Purity
           of
           his
           whole
           Life
           ;
           his
           Zeal
           to
           do
           the
           Will
           of
           God
           ,
           and
           his
           delight
           in
           doing
           it
           ;
           his
           infinite
           pains
           and
           unwearied
           diligence
           in
           
             going
             about
             doing
             good
          
           :
           His
           constant
           Obedience
           to
           God
           in
           the
           most
           difficult
           Instances
           ,
           and
           his
           perseverance
           in
           well
           doing
           ,
           notwithstanding
           the
           ill
           usage
           and
           hard
           measure
           ,
           the
           bitter
           Reproaches
           and
           Persecutions
           he
           met
           withal
           for
           it
           ,
           from
           a
           wicked
           and
           ill
           natured
           World
           :
           His
           perfect
           submission
           to
           the
           Will
           of
           God
           ,
           his
           invincible
           Patience
           under
           the
           greatest
           and
           bitterest
           Sufferings
           ,
           and
           his
           infinite
           Charity
           to
           his
           Enemies
           and
           Persecutors
           :
           These
           must
           needs
           be
           highly
           acceptable
           to
           God
           ,
           and
           if
           Man
           could
           merit
           of
           God
           ,
           likely
           enough
           to
           be
           available
           for
           the
           Sins
           of
           others
           .
        
         
         
           But
           our
           Saviour
           and
           our
           Sacrifice
           being
           the
           
             Son
             of
             God
          
           in
           our
           Nature
           ;
           and
           He
           voluntarily
           assuming
           it
           ,
           and
           submitting
           to
           the
           condition
           of
           Humanity
           in
           its
           lowest
           and
           most
           miserable
           state
           ,
           Sin
           only
           excepted
           ;
           and
           his
           being
           contented
           to
           live
           a
           Life
           of
           doing
           good
           and
           suffering
           evil
           ,
           and
           at
           last
           to
           be
           put
           to
           Death
           and
           slain
           a
           Sacrifice
           for
           us
           :
           The
           Dignity
           of
           the
           Person
           who
           did
           and
           suffered
           all
           this
           for
           us
           ,
           and
           his
           dearness
           to
           God
           ,
           must
           needs
           add
           a
           mighty
           value
           to
           so
           perfect
           an
           Obedience
           and
           such
           patient
           Sufferings
           ;
           so
           as
           to
           render
           them
           a
           full
           ,
           perfect
           and
           sufficient
           Sacrifice
           ,
           oblation
           and
           satisfaction
           for
           the
           Sins
           of
           the
           whole
           World.
           
        
         
           And
           all
           this
           being
           willingly
           performed
           in
           our
           Nature
           ,
           and
           accepted
           by
           God
           as
           done
           upon
           our
           account
           ,
           may
           reasonably
           be
           presumed
           to
           redound
           to
           our
           benefit
           and
           advantage
           ,
           as
           much
           as
           if
           we
           our selves
           had
           performed
           it
           in
           our
           own
           persons
           :
           Nothing
           being
           so
           proper
           ,
           and
           so
           available
           to
           make
           an
           
             honourable
             amends
          
           and
           satisfaction
           to
           the
           Justice
           of
           God
           for
           the
           Sins
           of
           all
           Mankind
           ,
           as
           the
           voluntary
           Obedience
           and
           Sufferings
           of
           Human
           Nature
           in
           a
           Person
           of
           so
           great
           Dignity
           and
           dearness
           to
           God
           as
           his
           eternal
           and
           entirely
           beloved
           Son.
           
        
         
         
           Now
           that
           Expiation
           of
           Sin
           was
           made
           by
           the
           Sufferings
           of
           Christ
           in
           our
           stead
           ,
           I
           shall
           endeavour
           to
           make
           good
           these
           three
           ways
           .
        
         
           First
           ,
           from
           plain
           Testimonies
           of
           
             H.
             Scripture
          
           ,
           declaring
           this
           matter
           to
           us
           as
           clearly
           and
           fully
           as
           it
           is
           possible
           for
           words
           to
           do
           it
           .
        
         
           Secondly
           ,
           from
           the
           nature
           and
           intention
           of
           
             Expiatory
             Sacrifices
          
           ,
           both
           among
           the
           Jews
           and
           Heathen
           ;
           to
           which
           the
           Death
           of
           Christ
           is
           in
           the
           
             New
             Testament
          
           so
           frequently
           compared
           ,
           and
           in
           point
           of
           vertue
           and
           efficacy
           to
           take
           away
           Sin
           infinitely
           preferred
           to
           it
           .
        
         
           Thirdly
           ,
           by
           vindicating
           this
           Method
           and
           Dispensation
           of
           the
           Divine
           Wisdom
           from
           the
           Objections
           which
           are
           brought
           against
           it
           ;
           and
           by
           shewing
           that
           there
           is
           nothing
           in
           it
           that
           is
           unreasonable
           ,
           or
           any
           wise
           unworthy
           of
           God.
           
        
         
           I.
           I.
           I
           shall
           produce
           some
           plain
           Testimonies
           of
           
             H.
             Scripture
          
           which
           declare
           this
           matter
           as
           clearly
           and
           fully
           as
           it
           is
           possible
           for
           words
           to
           do
           it
           ;
           namely
           ,
           that
           the
           
             Son
             of
             God
          
           ,
           in
           order
           to
           the
           effectual
           Expiation
           of
           Sin
           ,
           suffered
           in
           our
           stead
           ,
           and
           bore
           the
           wrath
           of
           God
           for
           us
           ,
           and
           made
           a
           perfect
           Atonement
           for
           Sin
           ,
           and
           obtained
           eternal
           Redemption
           for
           us
           .
        
         
         
           
             This
             the
          
           Scripture
           
             declares
             to
             us
             in
             great
             variety
             of
             expressions
             ;
             as
             ,
             that
          
           Christ
           dyed
           for
           us
           ,
           and
           for
           our
           Sins
           ;
           
             that
             he
             was
          
           a
           Sacrifice
           for
           us
           ,
           and
           a
           propitiation
           for
           the
           Sins
           of
           the
           whole
           World
           ,
           
             that
             is
             ,
             of
             all
             Mankind
             ;
             that
          
           he
           bare
           our
           Sins
           in
           his
           own
           body
           on
           the
           Tree
           ,
           and
           appeared
           to
           take
           away
           Sin
           by
           the
           Sacrifice
           of
           himself
           ;
           that
           we
           are
           justified
           in
           his
           blood
           ,
           and
           redeemed
           by
           the
           price
           of
           it
           ;
           
             and
             in
             very
             many
             other
             expressions
             to
             the
             same
             purpose
             .
          
        
         
           And
           this
           is
           so
           evidently
           the
           scope
           and
           meaning
           of
           these
           Expressions
           ,
           that
           it
           cannot
           be
           denied
           without
           offering
           the
           greatest
           violence
           imaginable
           to
           the
           
             H.
             Scriptures
          
           .
           For
           can
           any
           man
           think
           that
           God
           would
           have
           used
           so
           many
           expressions
           in
           Scripture
           ,
           the
           plain
           and
           most
           obvious
           sense
           of
           all
           which
           is
           that
           the
           
             Son
             of
             God
          
           suffered
           for
           our
           Sins
           and
           in
           our
           stead
           ,
           if
           this
           had
           not
           been
           his
           design
           and
           meaning
           ?
           Would
           not
           this
           be
           in
           effect
           to
           say
           ,
           that
           God
           hath
           written
           a
           great
           Book
           to
           puzzle
           and
           confound
           ,
           but
           not
           to
           instruct
           and
           teach
           Mankind
           ?
        
         
           I
           will
           at
           present
           single
           out
           some
           few
           of
           those
           many
           Texts
           of
           Scripture
           which
           might
           be
           produced
           to
           this
           purpose
           :
           
             He
             hath
             made
             him
             to
             be
             sin
          
           
           
             for
             us
             ,
             who
             knew
             no
             sin
             ,
          
           that
           is
           ,
           he
           hath
           made
           him
           who
           had
           no
           sin
           himself
           a
           Sacrifice
           for
           our
           sins
           .
           Again
           ;
           
             and
             walk
             in
             love
             ,
             as
             Christ
             also
             hath
             loved
          
           
           
           
             us
             and
             given
             himself
             for
             us
             ,
             an
             offering
             and
             a
             sacrifice
             to
             God.
          
           St.
           Peter
           to
           the
           same
           purpose
           
           tells
           us
           ,
           that
           
             Christ
             also
             hath
             once
             suffered
             for
             Sins
             ,
             the
             just
             for
             the
             unjust
             ,
             that
             he
             might
             bring
             us
             to
             God
             ,
             being
             put
             to
             death
             in
             the
             flesh
             :
          
           Here
           Christ
           is
           said
           to
           have
           
             suffered
             for
             Sin
          
           ;
           and
           to
           declare
           that
           the
           Apostle
           did
           not
           only
           mean
           that
           Christ
           suffered
           upon
           the
           occasion
           of
           our
           Sins
           ,
           but
           that
           he
           suffered
           in
           the
           place
           and
           stead
           of
           the
           Sinner
           ,
           he
           adds
           ,
           
             the
             just
             for
             the
             unjust
          
           ,
           that
           is
           ,
           the
           Son
           of
           God
           ,
           who
           was
           innocent
           and
           had
           no
           Sin
           ,
           suffered
           for
           us
           who
           were
           Sinners
           ;
           or
           as
           it
           is
           elsewhere
           express'd
           ,
           
             he
             bare
             our
             sins
             in
             his
             own
             body
             on
             the
             Tree
             .
          
        
         
           It
           is
           true
           indeed
           ,
           that
           Christ
           suffered
           for
           our
           benefit
           and
           advantage
           ;
           which
           the
           Socinians
           would
           have
           to
           be
           all
           that
           is
           meant
           in
           the
           Texts
           which
           I
           have
           cited
           :
           But
           then
           it
           ought
           to
           be
           considered
           ,
           that
           
           Christ's
           suffering
           for
           our
           benefit
           and
           advantage
           does
           by
           no
           means
           exclude
           ,
           nor
           is
           any
           wise
           inconsistent
           with
           his
           suffering
           in
           our
           stead
           .
           For
           whoever
           suffers
           in
           another
           man's
           stead
           ,
           and
           to
           save
           him
           from
           suffering
           ,
           does
           undoubtedly
           suffer
           for
           his
           benefit
           and
           advantage
           ,
           and
           gives
           the
           best
           demonstration
           of
           it
           that
           can
           be
           :
           But
           the
           manner
           of
           the
           expression
           ,
           if
           compared
           with
           other
           parallel
           Texts
           of
           Scripture
           ,
           and
           especially
           
           with
           what
           is
           so
           often
           said
           of
           our
           
           Saviour's
           being
           a
           Sacrifice
           ,
           which
           I
           shall
           have
           occasion
           further
           to
           urge
           by
           and
           by
           :
           I
           say
           the
           manner
           of
           the
           expression
           ,
           if
           well
           considered
           ,
           will
           appear
           to
           any
           man
           that
           is
           not
           contentious
           to
           signify
           our
           
           Saviour's
           suffering
           instead
           of
           the
           Sinner
           .
        
         
           But
           not
           to
           argue
           from
           words
           and
           phrases
           ,
           I
           will
           produce
           two
           Texts
           which
           declare
           this
           matter
           so
           plainly
           ,
           that
           the
           force
           of
           them
           is
           not
           to
           be
           avoided
           without
           the
           most
           shameful
           wresting
           and
           perverting
           of
           them
           .
           
             This
             is
          
           
           
             my
             commandment
          
           ,
           says
           our
           
             Saviour
             ,
             that
             ye
             love
             one
             another
             ,
             as
             I
             have
             loved
             you
             .
          
           How
           is
           that
           ?
           he
           declares
           in
           the
           next
           words
           ,
           
             Greater
             love
          
           
           
             than
             this
             hath
             no
             man
             ,
             that
             a
             man
             lay
             down
             his
             life
             for
             his
             friend
             ,
          
           that
           is
           ,
           that
           he
           be
           contented
           to
           die
           in
           his
           stead
           .
           And
           to
           the
           same
           purpose
           St.
           
             Paul
             ,
             For
             when
             ye
             were
             yet
             Sinners
             ,
          
           
           
             in
             due
             time
             Christ
             dyed
             for
             the
             ungodly
             :
          
           Now
           the
           question
           is
           ,
           whether
           by
           this
           expression
           of
           
             Christ's
             dying
             for
             the
             ungodly
          
           be
           meant
           only
           his
           dying
           for
           the
           benefit
           and
           advantage
           of
           Sinners
           ,
           but
           not
           his
           dying
           in
           their
           stead
           ?
           This
           ,
           let
           the
           words
           which
           immediately
           follow
           determine
           :
           
             For
             scarcely
             for
             a
             righteous
             man
             will
             one
             dye
             ,
             yet
             peradventure
             for
             a
             good
             man
             one
             would
             even
             dare
             to
             dye
             :
             But
             God
             commendeth
             his
          
           
           
             love
             to
             us
             ,
             in
             that
             whilst
             we
             were
             yet
             sinners
             Christ
             dyed
             for
             us
             .
          
           And
           now
           I
           appeal
           to
           any
           man
           of
           good
           sense
           ,
           whether
           it
           be
           not
           plain
           that
           the
           Apostle
           here
           speaks
           of
           
           Christ's
           dying
           for
           Sinners
           in
           the
           same
           sense
           as
           one
           man
           is
           said
           to
           dye
           for
           another
           ,
           that
           is
           ,
           to
           save
           another
           from
           death
           ;
           which
           what
           is
           it
           else
           but
           to
           dye
           in
           his
           stead
           ?
           He
           that
           can
           deny
           this
           ,
           is
           perverse
           to
           the
           highest
           degree
           ,
           and
           I
           fear
           almost
           beyond
           the
           possibility
           of
           being
           convinced
           .
        
         
           And
           the
           Argument
           from
           these
           two
           Texts
           is
           so
           much
           the
           stronger
           ,
           because
           we
           do
           not
           here
           reason
           merely
           from
           the
           phrase
           and
           expression
           ,
           but
           from
           the
           main
           Scope
           of
           our
           
           Saviour's
           discourse
           in
           the
           one
           ,
           and
           of
           St.
           Paul's
           in
           the
           other
           .
           For
           the
           design
           of
           both
           is
           to
           recommend
           the
           superlative
           love
           of
           Christ
           to
           us
           above
           the
           greatest
           love
           that
           ever
           any
           man
           express'd
           to
           another
           .
           The
           highest
           pitch
           that
           human
           affection
           did
           ever
           rise
           to
           ,
           was
           for
           a
           man
           to
           lay
           down
           his
           life
           for
           his
           Friend
           ;
           but
           the
           
             Son
             of
             God
          
           laid
           down
           his
           life
           for
           his
           Enemies
           .
           Scarcely
           ,
           says
           
             St.
             Paul
             ,
             would
             one
             lay
             down
             his
             life
             for
             a
             righteous
             man
             ,
          
           that
           is
           ,
           for
           one
           who
           is
           but
           strictly
           just
           and
           honest
           ,
           and
           does
           no
           body
           wrong
           ;
           but
           for
           a
           
             good
             man
          
           ,
           that
           is
           ,
           for-one
           that
           is
           kind
           and
           beneficial
           to
           all
           ,
           
           and
           hath
           obliged
           Mankind
           by
           great
           Benefits
           ,
           some
           one
           may
           be
           found
           that
           would
           lay
           down
           his
           life
           to
           save
           the
           life
           of
           such
           a
           Person
           :
           But
           the
           love
           of
           Christ
           hath
           gone
           far
           beyond
           this
           :
           He
           
             dyed
             for
             Sinners
          
           ,
           for
           those
           who
           were
           neither
           
             good
             men
          
           ,
           nor
           
             righteous
             :
             But
             God
             commendeth
             his
             love
             to
             us
             ,
             in
             that
             whilst
             we
             were
             yet
             Sinners
             Christ
             dyed
             for
             us
             .
          
           Now
           where
           doth
           the
           force
           of
           this
           Argument
           lye
           ,
           if
           not
           in
           this
           ?
           that
           Christ
           hath
           done
           that
           for
           us
           ,
           who
           were
           Enemies
           and
           Sinners
           ,
           which
           some
           very
           few
           persons
           in
           the
           World
           have
           done
           for
           their
           Friend
           ,
           or
           for
           some
           very
           eminently
           
             good
             man
          
           :
           And
           what
           is
           that
           ?
           Why
           ,
           they
           have
           laid
           down
           their
           lives
           in
           their
           stead
           :
           And
           so
           Christ
           hath
           done
           for
           us
           .
           This
           seems
           to
           be
           so
           very
           plain
           ,
           that
           I
           do
           not
           see
           how
           the
           force
           of
           this
           Argument
           is
           possible
           to
           be
           avoided
           .
        
         
           It
           is
           evident
           then
           from
           Scripture
           ,
           that
           Christ
           dyed
           not
           only
           for
           our
           advantage
           but
           in
           our
           stead
           ;
           as
           truly
           and
           really
           as
           any
           man
           ever
           did
           or
           can
           dye
           for
           another
           who
           lays
           down
           his
           own
           life
           to
           save
           another
           from
           death
           .
           For
           if
           Christ
           had
           not
           dyed
           ,
           we
           had
           perished
           everlastingly
           ;
           and
           because
           he
           dyed
           ,
           we
           are
           saved
           from
           eternal
           Death
           and
           misery
           .
        
         
           And
           though
           this
           be
           no
           where
           in
           Scripture
           spoken
           of
           by
           the
           name
           or
           term
           of
           Satisfaction
           ,
           
           yet
           it
           is
           said
           to
           be
           the
           price
           of
           our
           Redemption
           ;
           which
           surely
           is
           the
           same
           thing
           in
           effect
           with
           Satisfaction
           .
           For
           as
           we
           are
           Sinners
           we
           are
           liable
           ,
           and
           ,
           as
           I
           may
           say
           ,
           indebted
           to
           the
           Justice
           of
           God
           :
           And
           the
           Son
           of
           God
           ,
           by
           his
           Death
           and
           Sufferings
           in
           our
           Nature
           ,
           hath
           discharged
           this
           obligation
           and
           paid
           this
           debt
           for
           us
           :
           Which
           discharge
           since
           it
           was
           obtained
           for
           us
           by
           the
           shedding
           of
           
           Christ's
           Blood
           ,
           and
           the
           Scripture
           tells
           us
           that
           
             without
             shedding
             of
             blood
             there
             is
             no
             remission
             of
             Sins
             :
          
           And
           since
           God
           is
           graciously
           pleased
           to
           accept
           of
           it
           for
           the
           Debt
           which
           we
           owed
           to
           his
           Justice
           ,
           and
           to
           declare
           himself
           fully
           pleased
           and
           contented
           with
           it
           ,
           why
           it
           may
           not
           properly
           enough
           be
           called
           payment
           or
           satisfaction
           I
           confess
           I
           am
           not
           able
           to
           understand
           .
           Men
           may
           eternally
           wrangle
           about
           any
           thing
           ,
           but
           what
           a
           frivolous
           contention
           ,
           what
           a
           trifling
           in
           serious
           matters
           ,
           what
           barretrie
           in
           Divinity
           is
           this
           ?
        
         
           
             Not
             that
             God
             was
          
           angry
           
             with
             his
          
           Son
           ,
           
             when
             he
             thus
          
           laid
           on
           him
           the
           iniquities
           of
           us
           all
           :
           
             No
             he
             was
             always
             well
             pleased
             with
             him
             ;
             and
             never
             better
             ,
             than
             when
             he
          
           became
           obedient
           to
           the
           Death
           ,
           even
           the
           Death
           of
           the
           Cross
           ,
           and
           bore
           our
           Sins
           in
           his
           own
           body
           on
           the
           Tree
           .
        
         
         
           Nor
           yet
           that
           our
           Saviour
           suffered
           the
           very
           same
           that
           the
           Sinner
           should
           have
           suffered
           ,
           namely
           ,
           the
           proper
           Pains
           and
           Torment
           of
           the
           Damned
           :
           But
           that
           his
           Obedience
           and
           Sufferings
           were
           of
           that
           value
           and
           esteem
           with
           God
           ,
           and
           his
           voluntary
           Sacrifice
           of
           himself
           so
           well-pleasing
           to
           him
           ,
           that
           he
           thereupon
           entred
           into
           a
           Covenant
           of
           Grace
           and
           Mercy
           with
           Mankind
           ,
           wherein
           he
           hath
           engaged
           himself
           to
           forgive
           the
           Sins
           of
           those
           who
           believe
           and
           repent
           ,
           and
           to
           make
           them
           partakers
           of
           eternal
           life
           .
           And
           hence
           the
           
             Blood
             of
             Christ
          
           which
           was
           shed
           for
           us
           upon
           the
           Cross
           is
           called
           
             the
             Blood
             of
             the
             Covenant
          
           ,
           as
           being
           the
           Sanction
           of
           that
           
             New
             Covenant
          
           into
           which
           God
           is
           entred
           with
           Mankind
           :
           And
           not
           only
           the
           Sanction
           and
           confirmation
           of
           that
           Covenant
           ,
           but
           the
           very
           Foundation
           of
           it
           :
           For
           which
           reason
           the
           Cup
           in
           the
           
             Lord's
             Supper
          
           is
           called
           
             the
             New
             Testament
          
           ,
           or
           ,
           as
           the
           word
           should
           rather
           be
           rendred
           ,
           
             the
             New
             Covenant
             in
             his
             Blood
             ,
             which
             was
             shed
             for
             many
             for
             the
             remission
             of
             Sins
             .
          
           I
           proceed
           now
           to
           the
        
         
           II
           
           d.
           Thing
           propounded
           ,
           which
           was
           to
           shew
           that
           the
           Expiation
           of
           our
           Sins
           was
           made
           by
           the
           Sufferings
           of
           Christ
           ,
           from
           the
           nature
           and
           intention
           of
           
             Expiatory
             Sacrifices
          
           ,
           both
           among
           the
           Jews
           and
           Heathen
           ;
           to
           which
           the
           
             Death
             of
             Christ
          
           is
           in
           
           the
           
             New
             Testament
          
           so
           frequently
           compared
           ,
           and
           in
           point
           of
           vertue
           and
           efficacy
           to
           take
           away
           Sin
           infinitely
           preferr'd
           to
           it
           .
        
         
           Now
           the
           nature
           and
           design
           of
           
             Expiatory
             Sacrifices
          
           was
           plainly
           this
           :
           To
           substitute
           one
           
             Living
             Creature
          
           to
           suffer
           and
           die
           instead
           of
           another
           ;
           so
           that
           what
           the
           Sinner
           deserved
           to
           have
           suffered
           was
           supposed
           to
           be
           done
           to
           the
           Sacrifice
           ,
           that
           is
           ,
           it
           was
           slain
           to
           make
           an
           atonement
           for
           the
           Sinner
           .
        
         
           And
           though
           there
           was
           no
           reason
           to
           hope
           for
           any
           such
           effect
           from
           the
           Blood
           of
           Bulls
           ,
           or
           of
           Goats
           ,
           or
           of
           any
           other
           
             Living
             Creatures
          
           that
           were
           wont
           to
           be
           offered
           up
           in
           Sacrifice
           ;
           yet
           that
           both
           Jews
           and
           Heathen
           did
           expect
           and
           hope
           for
           it
           ,
           is
           so
           very
           evident
           ,
           that
           it
           cannot
           without
           extreme
           Ignorance
           or
           Obstinacy
           be
           deny'd
           .
        
         
           But
           this
           expectation
           ,
           how
           unreasonable
           soever
           ,
           plainly
           shews
           it
           to
           have
           been
           the
           common
           Apprehension
           of
           Mankind
           ,
           in
           all
           Ages
           ,
           that
           God
           would
           not
           be
           appeased
           ,
           nor
           should
           Sin
           be
           pardoned
           without
           Suffering
           :
           But
           yet
           so
           ,
           that
           men
           generally
           conceived
           good
           hopes
           that
           upon
           the
           Repentance
           of
           Sinners
           God
           would
           accept
           of
           a
           vicarious
           punishment
           ,
           that
           is
           ,
           of
           the
           Suffering
           of
           some
           other
           in
           their
           stead
           .
           And
           very
           probably
           ,
           as
           I
           said
           before
           ,
           in
           complyance
           with
           this
           Apprehension
           of
           
           Mankind
           ,
           and
           in
           condescension
           to
           it
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           for
           other
           weighty
           Reasons
           best
           known
           to
           the
           Divine
           Wisdom
           ,
           God
           was
           pleased
           to
           find
           out
           such
           a
           Sacrifice
           as
           should
           really
           and
           effectually
           procure
           for
           them
           that
           great
           Blessing
           of
           the
           Forgiveness
           of
           Sins
           ,
           which
           they
           had
           so
           long
           hoped
           for
           from
           the
           multitude
           of
           their
           own
           Sacrifices
           .
        
         
           And
           the
           Apostle
           to
           the
           Hebrews
           doth
           in
           a
           large
           Discourse
           shew
           the
           great
           vertue
           and
           efficacy
           of
           the
           Sacrifice
           of
           Christ
           ,
           to
           the
           purpose
           of
           Remission
           of
           Sins
           ,
           above
           that
           of
           the
           Sacrifices
           under
           the
           Law
           :
           And
           that
           the
           Death
           of
           Christ
           is
           really
           and
           effectually
           to
           our
           advantage
           all
           that
           which
           the
           Sacrifices
           under
           the
           Law
           were
           supposed
           to
           be
           to
           the
           Sinner
           :
           
             But
             now
             once
          
           ,
           saith
           the
           Apostle
           here
           in
           the
           
             Text
             ,
             in
             the
             end
             of
             the
             World
             ,
             hath
             he
             appeared
             to
             take
             away
             Sin
             by
             the
             Sacrifice
             of
             himself
             .
          
           This
           is
           the
           great
           vertue
           and
           efficacy
           of
           the
           Sacrifice
           of
           Christ
           ,
           that
           what
           ever
           was
           expected
           from
           any
           other
           Sacrifices
           ,
           either
           by
           Jews
           or
           Heathens
           ,
           was
           really
           effected
           by
           this
           .
        
         
           This
           was
           plainly
           signified
           by
           the
           
             Jewish
             Passover
          
           ,
           wherein
           the
           Lamb
           was
           slain
           ,
           and
           the
           Sinner
           did
           escape
           and
           was
           
             pass'd
             by
          
           .
           In
           allusion
           whereto
           St.
           Paul
           makes
           no
           scruple
           to
           call
           Christ
           our
           Passover
           or
           
             Paschal
             Lamb
          
           ,
           who
           was
           slain
           that
           we
           might
           
             escape
             :
             Christ
             our
             Passover
          
           ,
           says
           he
           ,
           
             is
             slain
          
           
           
           or
           
             offer'd
             for
             us
          
           ;
           that
           is
           ,
           He
           by
           the
           gracious
           appointment
           of
           God
           was
           substituted
           to
           suffer
           all
           that
           in
           our
           stead
           which
           the
           
             Paschal
             Lamb
          
           was
           supposed
           to
           suffer
           for
           the
           Sinner
           .
        
         
           And
           this
           was
           likewise
           signified
           by
           the
           Sinners
           laying
           his
           hand
           upon
           the
           Sacrifice
           that
           was
           to
           be
           slain
           ,
           thereby
           as
           it
           were
           transferring
           the
           punishment
           which
           was
           due
           to
           himself
           upon
           the
           Sacrifice
           that
           was
           to
           be
           slain
           and
           offered
           up
           .
           For
           so
           God
           tells
           Moses
           ,
           that
           the
           Sinner
           ,
           who
           came
           to
           offer
           an
           Expiatory
           Sacrifice
           ,
           should
           do
           :
           He
           
           
             shall
             put
             his
             hand
             upon
             the
             head
             of
             the
             burnt-offering
             ,
             and
             it
             shall
             be
             accepted
             for
             him
             ,
             to
             make
             an
             Atonement
             for
             him
             .
          
           And
           the
           Apostle
           tells
           us
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           an
           established
           Principle
           in
           the
           Jewish
           Religion
           ,
           that
           
             without
             shedding
             of
             blood
             there
             was
             no
             remission
             of
             Sins
             :
          
           Which
           plainly
           shews
           that
           they
           expected
           this
           Benefit
           of
           the
           Remission
           of
           Sins
           from
           the
           Blood
           of
           their
           Sacrifices
           .
        
         
           And
           then
           he
           tells
           us
           ,
           that
           we
           are
           really
           made
           partakers
           of
           this
           Benefit
           by
           the
           Blood
           of
           Christ
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           vertue
           of
           his
           Sacrifice
           :
           And
           again
           ,
           
           Christ
           ,
           says
           he
           ,
           
             was
             once
             offer'd
             to
             bear
             the
             Sins
             of
             many
          
           ;
           plainly
           alluding
           to
           the
           Sacrifices
           under
           the
           Law
           ,
           which
           did
           ,
           as
           it
           were
           ,
           bear
           the
           faults
           of
           the
           Sinner
           .
        
         
         
           And
           that
           this
           expression
           ,
           of
           
           Christ's
           being
           
             offer'd
             to
             bear
             our
             Sins
          
           ,
           cannot
           be
           meant
           of
           his
           taking
           away
           our
           Sins
           by
           his
           holy
           Doctrine
           which
           was
           confirmed
           by
           his
           Death
           ,
           but
           of
           his
           bearing
           our
           Sins
           by
           way
           of
           imputation
           ,
           and
           by
           his
           suffering
           for
           them
           in
           our
           stead
           ,
           as
           the
           Sacrifice
           was
           supposed
           to
           do
           for
           the
           Sinner
           ;
           This
           ,
           I
           say
           ,
           is
           evident
           beyond
           all
           denial
           from
           the
           opposition
           which
           follows
           ,
           after
           the
           Text
           ,
           between
           his
           first
           Appearance
           and
           his
           
             second
             ;
             Christ
          
           ,
           says
           our
           
             Apostle
             ,
             was
             once
          
           
           
             offered
             to
             bear
             our
             Sins
             ,
             but
             unto
             them
             that
             look
             for
             him
             he
             shall
             appear
             a
             second
             time
             without
             Sin
             unto
             Salvation
             .
          
           Why
           ?
           Did
           he
           not
           appear
           the
           first
           time
           without
           Sin
           ?
           Yes
           certainly
           ,
           as
           to
           any
           inherent
           guilt
           ;
           for
           the
           Scripture
           tells
           us
           
             he
             had
             no
             Sin.
          
           What
           then
           is
           the
           meaning
           of
           the
           opposition
           ,
           That
           at
           his
           first
           Coming
           
             he
             bore
             our
             Sins
          
           ,
           but
           at
           his
           second
           Coming
           
             he
             shall
             appear
             without
             Sin
             unto
             Salvation
             ?
          
           These
           words
           can
           have
           no
           other
           imaginable
           sense
           but
           this
           ;
           that
           at
           his
           first
           Coming
           he
           sustained
           the
           Person
           of
           a
           Sinner
           and
           suffered
           instead
           of
           us
           ;
           but
           his
           second
           Coming
           shall
           be
           upon
           another
           account
           ,
           and
           
             he
             shall
             appear
             without
             Sin
             unto
             Salvation
             ,
          
           that
           is
           ,
           not
           as
           a
           Sacrifice
           ,
           but
           as
           a
           Judge
           to
           conferr
           the
           Reward
           of
           Eternal
           Life
           upon
           those
           who
           are
           partakers
           of
           the
           benefit
           of
           
           that
           Sacrifice
           which
           he
           offered
           to
           God
           for
           us
           
             in
             the
             dayes
             of
             his
             Flesh
             .
          
           I
           proceed
           to
           the
        
         
           III.
           III
           
           d.
           Thing
           I
           proposed
           ,
           and
           which
           yet
           remains
           to
           be
           spoken
           to
           ;
           namely
           ,
           to
           vindicate
           this
           Method
           and
           Dispensation
           of
           the
           
             Divine
             Wisdom
          
           from
           the
           Objections
           which
           are
           brought
           against
           it
           ;
           and
           to
           shew
           that
           there
           is
           nothing
           in
           it
           that
           is
           unreasonable
           ,
           or
           any
           wise
           unworthy
           of
           God.
           I
           shall
           mention
           
             four
             Objections
          
           which
           are
           commonly
           urged
           in
           this
           matter
           ,
           and
           I
           think
           they
           are
           all
           that
           are
           considerable
           .
           
        
         
           First
           ,
           That
           this
           Method
           ,
           of
           the
           Expiation
           of
           Sin
           by
           the
           Sufferings
           of
           Christ
           ,
           seems
           to
           argue
           some
           defect
           and
           want
           of
           Goodness
           in
           God
           ,
           as
           if
           he
           needed
           some
           external
           Motive
           and
           were
           not
           of
           himself
           disposed
           to
           forgive
           Sinners
           .
        
         
           To
           which
           I
           think
           the
           Answer
           is
           not
           difficult
           ,
           namely
           ,
           that
           God
           did
           not
           want
           Goodness
           to
           have
           forgiven
           Sin
           freely
           and
           without
           any
           Satisfaction
           ,
           but
           his
           Wisdom
           did
           not
           think
           it
           meet
           to
           give
           encouragement
           to
           Sin
           by
           too
           easy
           a
           forgiveness
           ,
           and
           without
           some
           remarkable
           testimony
           of
           his
           severe
           displeasure
           against
           it
           :
           And
           therefore
           his
           greater
           Goodness
           and
           Compassion
           to
           Mankind
           devised
           this
           way
           to
           save
           the
           Sinner
           ,
           without
           
           giving
           the
           least
           countenance
           and
           encouragement
           to
           Sin.
           
        
         
           For
           God
           to
           think
           of
           saving
           us
           any
           way
           ,
           was
           excessive
           Goodness
           and
           Mercy
           ;
           but
           to
           think
           of
           doing
           it
           in
           this
           way
           ,
           by
           substituting
           his
           dearly
           beloved
           Son
           to
           suffer
           in
           our
           stead
           ,
           is
           a
           Condescension
           so
           very
           amazing
           ,
           that
           if
           God
           had
           not
           been
           pleased
           of
           his
           own
           Goodness
           to
           stoop
           to
           it
           ,
           it
           had
           almost
           been
           Blasphemy
           in
           Man
           to
           have
           thought
           of
           it
           ,
           or
           desired
           it
           .
        
         
           Secondly
           ,
           How
           can
           our
           Sins
           be
           said
           to
           have
           
           been
           forgiven
           freely
           ,
           if
           the
           Pardon
           of
           them
           was
           purchased
           at
           so
           dear
           a
           rate
           and
           so
           mighty
           a
           Price
           was
           paid
           for
           it
           ?
        
         
           In
           Answer
           to
           this
           I
           desire
           these
           two
           things
           may
           be
           considered
           .
           1
           st
           .
           That
           it
           is
           a
           wonderfull
           grace
           and
           favour
           of
           God
           to
           admit
           of
           this
           translation
           of
           the
           Punishment
           which
           was
           due
           to
           us
           ,
           and
           to
           accept
           of
           the
           Sufferings
           of
           another
           in
           our
           stead
           ,
           and
           for
           our
           benefit
           ;
           when
           he
           might
           justly
           have
           exacted
           it
           of
           us
           in
           our
           own
           Persons
           :
           So
           that
           ,
           even
           in
           this
           respect
           ,
           we
           are
           ,
           as
           St.
           Paul
           says
           ,
           
             justified
             freely
             by
             his
             grace
             ,
             through
             the
             Redemption
             that
             is
             in
             Jesus
             Christ
             :
          
           And
           freely
           too
           in
           respect
           of
           any
           necessity
           that
           lay
           upon
           God
           to
           forgive
           us
           in
           this
           or
           any
           other
           way
           .
           It
           was
           a
           free
           act
           of
           his
           Goodness
           to
           save
           us
           ,
           even
           by
           the
           Satisfaction
           and
           
           Sufferings
           of
           his
           own
           Son.
           2
           ly
           .
           It
           was
           in
           effect
           freely
           too
           ,
           notwithstanding
           the
           mighty
           Price
           which
           was
           paid
           for
           our
           Redemption
           .
           Because
           this
           Price
           was
           not
           of
           our
           own
           procuring
           ,
           but
           of
           God's
           providing
           ;
           He
           
             found
             out
             this
             Ransom
             for
             us
             .
          
           And
           will
           any
           man
           say
           ,
           that
           a
           Prince
           who
           prevails
           with
           his
           Son
           to
           intercede
           for
           the
           Pardon
           of
           a
           Rebel
           ,
           yea
           and
           to
           suffer
           some
           punishment
           or
           to
           pay
           a
           Fine
           for
           the
           obtaining
           of
           it
           ,
           does
           not
           in
           effect
           and
           in
           all
           equitable
           and
           gratefull
           construction
           forgive
           him
           freely
           ?
           
        
         
           Thirdly
           ,
           It
           is
           yet
           further
           objected
           ,
           That
           this
           seems
           to
           be
           more
           unreasonable
           than
           the
           sacrificing
           of
           Beasts
           among
           the
           Jews
           ,
           nay
           than
           the
           sacrificing
           of
           Men
           among
           the
           Heathen
           ,
           and
           even
           of
           their
           
             own
             Sons
             and
             Daughters
          
           :
           Because
           this
           is
           the
           offering
           up
           of
           the
           
             Son
             of
             God
          
           ,
           the
           most
           innocent
           and
           the
           most
           excellent
           Person
           that
           ever
           was
           .
        
         
           To
           which
           I
           answer
           ,
           that
           if
           we
           consider
           the
           manner
           ,
           and
           the
           design
           of
           it
           ,
           the
           thing
           will
           appear
           to
           be
           quite
           otherwise
           .
        
         
           As
           to
           the
           manner
           of
           it
           ,
           God
           did
           not
           command
           his
           Son
           to
           be
           sacrificed
           ,
           but
           his
           Providence
           permitted
           the
           wickedness
           and
           violence
           of
           men
           to
           put
           him
           to
           death
           :
           And
           then
           his
           Goodness
           and
           Wisdom
           did
           over-rule
           this
           worst
           of
           Actions
           to
           
           the
           best
           of
           Ends.
           And
           if
           we
           consider
           the
           matter
           aright
           ,
           how
           is
           this
           any
           more
           a
           reflection
           upon
           the
           Holy
           Providence
           of
           God
           ,
           than
           any
           Enormities
           and
           Cruelties
           which
           by
           his
           permission
           are
           daily
           committed
           in
           the
           World
           ?
        
         
           And
           then
           if
           we
           consider
           the
           End
           and
           Design
           of
           this
           permission
           of
           
           Christ's
           Death
           ,
           and
           the
           application
           of
           it
           to
           the
           purpose
           of
           a
           general
           Expiation
           ;
           we
           cannot
           but
           acknowledge
           ,
           and
           even
           adore
           the
           gracious
           and
           mercifull
           Design
           of
           it
           .
           For
           by
           this
           means
           God
           did
           at
           once
           put
           an
           end
           to
           that
           unreasonable
           and
           bloody
           way
           of
           Worship
           ,
           which
           had
           been
           so
           long
           practised
           in
           the
           World
           :
           And
           after
           this
           one
           Sacrifice
           ,
           which
           was
           so
           infinitely
           dear
           to
           God
           ,
           the
           benefit
           of
           Expiation
           was
           not
           to
           be
           expected
           in
           any
           other
           way
           ;
           all
           other
           Sacrifices
           being
           worthless
           and
           vain
           in
           comparison
           of
           this
           :
           And
           it
           hath
           ever
           since
           obtained
           this
           effect
           ,
           of
           making
           all
           other
           Sacrifices
           to
           cease
           ,
           in
           all
           Parts
           of
           the
           World
           where
           Christianity
           hath
           prevailed
           .
        
         
           Fourthly
           ,
           The
           last
           Objection
           is
           ,
           the
           Injustice
           and
           
           Cruelty
           of
           an
           innocent
           Person
           's
           suffering
           instead
           of
           the
           Offender
           .
        
         
           To
           this
           I
           answer
           ,
           That
           they
           who
           make
           so
           great
           a
           noise
           with
           this
           Objection
           do
           seem
           to
           me
           to
           give
           a
           full
           and
           clear
           Answer
           to
           it
           themselves
           ,
           by
           acknowledging
           ,
           as
           they
           constantly
           and
           expressly
           do
           ,
           that
           our
           Saviour
           suffered
           all
           this
           
           for
           our
           benefit
           and
           advantage
           ,
           though
           not
           in
           our
           place
           and
           stead
           .
           For
           this
           ,
           to
           my
           apprehension
           ,
           is
           plainly
           to
           give
           up
           the
           Cause
           ,
           unless
           they
           can
           shew
           a
           good
           reason
           why
           there
           is
           not
           as
           much
           Injustice
           and
           Cruelty
           in
           an
           innocent
           Person
           's
           suffering
           for
           the
           benefit
           and
           advantage
           of
           a
           Malefactour
           ,
           as
           in
           his
           suffering
           in
           his
           stead
           :
           So
           little
           do
           Men
           ,
           in
           the
           heat
           of
           dispute
           and
           opposition
           ,
           who
           are
           resolved
           to
           hold
           fast
           an
           Opinion
           in
           despite
           of
           Reason
           and
           good
           sense
           ,
           consider
           ,
           that
           they
           do
           many
           times
           in
           effect
           ,
           and
           by
           necessary
           consequence
           ,
           grant
           the
           very
           thing
           which
           in
           express
           terms
           they
           do
           so
           stiffly
           and
           pertinaciously
           deny
           .
        
         
           The
           truth
           of
           the
           matter
           is
           this
           ;
           there
           is
           nothing
           of
           Injustice
           or
           Cruelty
           in
           either
           Case
           ;
           neither
           in
           an
           Innocent
           Person
           's
           suffering
           for
           the
           benefit
           of
           an
           Offender
           ,
           nor
           in
           his
           stead
           ;
           supposing
           the
           Suffering
           to
           be
           voluntary
           :
           But
           they
           have
           equally
           the
           same
           appearance
           of
           Injustice
           and
           Cruelty
           :
           Nor
           can
           I
           possibly
           discern
           any
           reason
           why
           Injustice
           and
           Cruelty
           should
           be
           objected
           in
           the
           one
           Case
           more
           than
           in
           the
           other
           ,
           there
           being
           every
           whit
           as
           little
           reason
           why
           an
           
             Innocent
             Person
          
           should
           suffer
           for
           the
           benefit
           of
           a
           Criminal
           ,
           as
           why
           he
           should
           suffer
           in
           his
           stead
           .
           So
           that
           I
           hope
           this
           Objection
           ,
           which
           above
           all
           the
           rest
           hath
           been
           so
           loudly
           and
           so
           invidiously
           urged
           ,
           hath
           received
           a
           just
           Answer
           .
        
         
         
           And
           I
           believe
           ,
           if
           the
           matter
           were
           searched
           to
           the
           bottom
           ,
           all
           this
           perverse
           contention
           ,
           about
           our
           Saviour's
           suffering
           for
           our
           benefit
           but
           not
           in
           our
           stead
           ,
           will
           signify
           just
           nothing
           .
           For
           if
           Christ
           dyed
           for
           our
           benefit
           so
           as
           some
           way
           or
           other
           ,
           by
           vertue
           of
           his
           Death
           and
           Sufferings
           ,
           to
           save
           us
           from
           the
           wrath
           of
           God
           and
           to
           procure
           our
           escape
           from
           eternal
           Death
           ,
           this
           ,
           for
           ought
           I
           know
           ,
           is
           all
           that
           any
           body
           means
           by
           his
           dying
           in
           our
           stead
           .
           For
           he
           that
           dies
           with
           an
           intention
           to
           do
           that
           benefit
           to
           another
           as
           to
           save
           him
           from
           Death
           ,
           doth
           certainly
           to
           all
           intents
           and
           purposes
           dye
           in
           his
           place
           and
           stead
           .
        
         
           And
           if
           they
           will
           grant
           this
           to
           be
           their
           meaning
           ,
           the
           Controversie
           is
           at
           an
           end
           ;
           and
           both
           Sides
           are
           agreed
           in
           the
           thing
           ,
           and
           do
           only
           differ
           in
           the
           phrase
           and
           manner
           of
           expression
           :
           Which
           is
           to
           seek
           a
           quarrel
           and
           an
           occasion
           of
           difference
           where
           there
           is
           no
           real
           ground
           for
           it
           ;
           a
           thing
           which
           ought
           to
           be
           very
           far
           from
           reasonable
           and
           peaceable
           Minds
           .
        
         
           For
           the
           Socinians
           say
           ,
           that
           our
           
           Saviour's
           voluntary
           Obedience
           and
           Sufferings
           did
           procure
           his
           Exaltation
           at
           the
           right
           hand
           of
           God
           ,
           and
           Power
           and
           Authority
           to
           forgive
           Sins
           ,
           and
           to
           give
           eternal
           Life
           to
           as
           many
           as
           he
           pleased
           :
           So
           that
           they
           grant
           that
           his
           Obedience
           and
           Sufferings
           ,
           in
           the
           meritorious
           consequence
           of
           them
           ,
           do
           redound
           to
           our
           Benefit
           and
           advantage
           as
           much
           as
           
           we
           pretend
           and
           say
           they
           do
           ;
           only
           they
           are
           loth
           in
           express
           terms
           to
           acknowledge
           that
           Christ
           dyed
           in
           our
           stead
           :
           And
           this
           ,
           for
           no
           other
           reason
           that
           I
           can
           imagine
           ,
           but
           because
           they
           have
           denied
           it
           so
           often
           and
           so
           long
           .
        
         
           But
           I
           appeal
           to
           the
           ingenuity
           of
           our
           Adversaries
           ,
           whether
           this
           do
           not
           in
           the
           last
           issue
           come
           all
           to
           one
           ;
           and
           be
           not
           ,
           on
           their
           part
           ,
           a
           mere
           Controversie
           about
           words
           ?
           For
           suppose
           a
           Malefactour
           condemned
           to
           some
           grievous
           punishment
           ,
           and
           the
           King's
           Son
           to
           save
           him
           from
           it
           is
           contented
           to
           submit
           to
           great
           disgrace
           and
           sufferings
           :
           In
           reward
           of
           which
           Sufferings
           the
           King
           takes
           his
           Son
           into
           his
           Throne
           and
           sets
           him
           at
           his
           own
           right
           hand
           ,
           and
           gives
           him
           power
           to
           pardon
           this
           Malefactour
           ,
           and
           upon
           a
           fitting
           Submission
           and
           Repentance
           to
           advance
           him
           to
           honour
           :
           Will
           not
           any
           man
           in
           this
           Case
           allow
           that
           the
           King's
           Son
           suffer'd
           instead
           of
           this
           Malefactour
           ,
           and
           smile
           at
           any
           man
           that
           shall
           be
           so
           nice
           as
           to
           grant
           that
           indeed
           he
           suffered
           for
           him
           ,
           but
           yet
           to
           deny
           that
           he
           was
           punish'd
           for
           him
           ;
           to
           allow
           that
           he
           bore
           the
           inconvenience
           of
           his
           faults
           ,
           but
           yet
           obstinately
           to
           stand
           it
           out
           that
           the
           faults
           of
           this
           Malefactour
           were
           not
           laid
           upon
           him
           ,
           or
           in
           any
           wise
           so
           imputed
           to
           him
           that
           he
           can
           be
           said
           to
           have
           suffered
           in
           his
           stead
           ?
           This
           is
           just
           the
           Case
           ,
           and
           the
           difference
           in
           reallity
           and
           in
           the
           last
           result
           of
           things
           is
           nothing
           but
           words
           .
        
         
         
           Thus
           far
           have
           I
           tryed
           your
           patience
           in
           a
           contentious
           Argument
           ;
           in
           which
           I
           take
           no
           pleasure
           ,
           but
           yet
           shall
           be
           glad
           if
           I
           may
           be
           so
           happy
           as
           by
           any
           thing
           that
           hath
           been
           said
           to
           contribute
           towards
           the
           putting
           an
           end
           to
           so
           unhappy
           a
           Controversie
           ,
           which
           hath
           troubled
           the
           World
           so
           long
           and
           raised
           such
           a
           dust
           that
           very
           few
           have
           been
           able
           to
           see
           clearly
           through
           it
           .
        
         
           However
           ,
           I
           cannot
           dismiss
           this
           Argument
           without
           making
           some
           usefull
           but
           very
           short
           reflection
           upon
           this
           great
           Doctrine
           of
           our
           Religion
           ,
           namely
           ,
           That
           the
           Son
           of
           God
           being
           made
           a
           Sacrifice
           for
           us
           ,
           and
           exposed
           to
           such
           bitter
           Sufferings
           and
           so
           cruel
           a
           Death
           for
           the
           Expiation
           of
           our
           Sins
           ,
           should
           create
           in
           us
           the
           greatest
           dread
           and
           detestation
           of
           Sin
           ,
           and
           for
           ever
           deterr
           us
           from
           all
           wilfull
           transgression
           and
           disobedience
           .
           For
           if
           the
           guilt
           of
           our
           Sins
           was
           done
           away
           upon
           such
           hard
           terms
           and
           cost
           the
           dearly
           beloved
           Son
           of
           God
           so
           much
           sweat
           and
           blood
           ,
           then
           surely
           we
           ought
           to
           take
           great
           heed
           how
           by
           our
           renewed
           Provocations
           we
           renew
           his
           Passion
           ,
           and
           do
           what
           in
           us
           lies
           to
           
             crucifie
             to
             our selves
             the
             Son
             of
             God
             afresh
             ,
             and
             to
             put
             him
             to
             an
             open
             shame
             .
          
        
         
           If
           God
           did
           so
           terribly
           afflict
           the
           dearly
           beloved
           of
           his
           Soul
           for
           our
           sakes
           ;
           if
           the
           Son
           of
           God
           was
           so
           grievously
           
             wounded
             for
             our
             transgressions
          
           and
           so
           sorely
           
             bruised
             for
             our
             iniquities
          
           :
           If
           so
           fearfull
           a
           Storm
           of
           Vengeance
           fell
           upon
           the
           most
           innocent
           Person
           
           that
           ever
           was
           for
           our
           Sins
           ,
           then
           we
           have
           reason
           to
           take
           that
           kind
           and
           mercifull
           admonition
           of
           the
           Son
           of
           God
           to
           Sinners
           ,
           to
           
             sin
             no
             more
             ,
             lest
             a
             worse
             thing
             ,
          
           if
           it
           be
           possible
           ,
           
             come
             upon
          
           our selves
           .
        
         
           In
           this
           Dispensation
           of
           God's
           Grace
           and
           Mercy
           to
           Mankind
           ,
           by
           the
           Death
           of
           his
           Son
           ,
           God
           seems
           to
           have
           gone
           to
           the
           very
           extremity
           of
           things
           ,
           and
           almost
           further
           than
           Goodness
           and
           Justice
           will
           well
           admit
           ;
           to
           afflict
           Innocency
           it self
           to
           save
           the
           Guilty
           :
           And
           if
           herein
           God
           hath
           expressed
           his
           hatred
           of
           Sin
           in
           such
           a
           wonderfull
           way
           of
           love
           and
           kindness
           to
           the
           Sons
           of
           Men
           as
           looks
           almost
           like
           hatred
           of
           Innocency
           and
           his
           own
           Son
           :
           This
           ought
           in
           all
           ingenuity
           and
           gratitude
           to
           our
           gracious
           Redeemer
           ,
           who
           
             was
             made
             a
             curse
             for
             us
             ,
          
           and
           
             loved
             us
          
           to
           that
           degree
           as
           to
           
             wash
             us
             from
             our
             Sins
             in
             his
             own
             Blood
          
           ;
           I
           say
           ,
           This
           ought
           to
           beget
           in
           us
           a
           greater
           displeasure
           against
           Sin
           ,
           and
           a
           more
           perfect
           detestation
           of
           it
           ,
           than
           if
           we
           had
           suffered
           the
           punishment
           due
           to
           it
           ,
           in
           our
           own
           Persons
           :
           For
           in
           this
           Case
           ,
           we
           could
           only
           have
           been
           displeased
           at
           our Selves
           and
           our
           Sins
           as
           the
           just
           Cause
           of
           our
           Sufferings
           ;
           but
           in
           the
           other
           ,
           we
           ought
           to
           hate
           Sin
           as
           the
           unhappy
           Occasion
           of
           the
           saddest
           Misfortune
           and
           sorest
           Calamities
           to
           the
           
             best
             Man
          
           that
           ever
           was
           ,
           and
           to
           our
           
             best
             Friend
          
           ,
           for
           our
           Sins
           and
           for
           our
           Sakes
           .
        
         
           Since
           then
           the
           
             Son
             of
             God
          
           hath
           so
           graciously
           condescended
           to
           be
           
             made
             in
             all
             things
          
           like
           unto
           us
           ,
           
           
             Sin
             only
             excepted
          
           ;
           let
           us
           aspire
           ,
           as
           much
           as
           is
           possible
           ,
           to
           become
           like
           to
           Him
           :
           Above
           all
           ,
           let
           us
           hate
           and
           avoid
           Sin
           as
           the
           only
           thing
           in
           which
           the
           Son
           of
           God
           would
           have
           no
           part
           with
           us
           ,
           though
           he
           was
           contented
           to
           suffer
           such
           bitter
           things
           to
           save
           us
           from
           the
           Defilement
           and
           Dominion
           of
           it
           ,
           from
           the
           Punishment
           and
           all
           the
           dismal
           consequences
           of
           it
           .
        
         
           
             He
             had
             no
             Sin
          
           ,
           but
           God
           was
           pleased
           to
           
             lay
             upon
             him
             the
             iniquities
             of
             us
             all
             ,
          
           and
           
             to
             make
             his
             Soul
             an
             offering
             for
             Sin
             ,
          
           and
           to
           permit
           all
           that
           to
           be
           done
           to
           Him
           which
           was
           due
           to
           us
           :
           He
           was
           contented
           to
           be
           sacrificed
           once
           for
           all
           Mankind
           ,
           that
           men
           might
           for
           ever
           cease
           from
           that
           inhuman
           and
           ineffectual
           way
           of
           sacrificing
           one
           another
           ,
           whereby
           instead
           of
           expiating
           their
           guilt
           they
           did
           inflame
           it
           ,
           and
           by
           thinking
           to
           make
           Atonement
           for
           their
           Sins
           they
           did
           in
           truth
           add
           to
           the
           number
           and
           heinousness
           of
           them
           .
        
         
           And
           let
           us
           likewise
           learn
           from
           this
           admirable
           Pattern
           ,
           to
           pity
           those
           that
           are
           in
           misery
           ,
           as
           Christ
           also
           hath
           pitied
           us
           ;
           and
           to
           
             save
             them
             that
             are
             ready
             to
             perish
             ,
          
           for
           His
           sake
           who
           
             came
             to
             seek
             and
             to
             save
             us
             that
             were
             lost
             .
          
        
         
           Let
           us
           ,
           upon
           all
           occasions
           ,
           be
           ready
           to
           open
           our
           bowels
           of
           Compassion
           towards
           the
           Poor
           ;
           in
           a
           thankfull
           imitation
           of
           his
           Grace
           and
           Goodness
           who
           for
           our
           sakes
           chose
           to
           be
           a
           Beggar
           ,
           that
           we
           for
           his
           sake
           might
           not
           despise
           the
           Poor
           ,
           but
           might
           have
           a
           tender
           regard
           and
           compassion
           to
           those
           whose
           
           Condition
           in
           this
           World
           does
           so
           nearly
           resemble
           that
           in
           which
           the
           
             Son
             of
             God
          
           thought
           it
           fittest
           for
           him
           to
           appear
           when
           he
           was
           pleased
           to
           become
           Man.
           
        
         
           
             In
             a
             word
             ,
             Let
             us
             in
             the
             whole
             course
             ,
             and
             in
             all
             the
             actions
             of
             our
             lives
             ,
          
           shew
           forth
           the
           Vertues
           of
           Him
           who
           hath
           called
           us
           out
           of
           darkness
           into
           his
           marvellous
           light
           ;
           and
           hath
           raised
           up
           a
           mighty
           Salvation
           for
           us
           ,
           that
           being
           delivered
           from
           all
           our
           spiritual
           Enemies
           ,
           
             from
             Sin
             and
             all
             the
             Powers
             of
             darkness
             ,
             we
             might
          
           serve
           him
           
             who
             hath
          
           saved
           us
           ;
           walking
           in
           holiness
           and
           righteousness
           before
           him
           ,
           all
           the
           dayes
           of
           our
           lives
           .
        
         
           Now
           ,
           
             To
             him
             that
             sitteth
             upon
             the
             Throne
             ,
             and
             to
             the
             Lamb
             that
             was
             slain
             :
             To
             God
             even
             our
             Father
             ,
             and
             to
             our
             Lord
             Jesus
             Christ
             ,
             the
             first-begotten
             from
             the
             dead
             ,
             and
             the
             Prince
             of
             the
             Kings
             of
             the
             Earth
             :
             Unto
             Him
             ,
             who
             hath
             loved
             us
             ,
             and
             washed
             from
             our
             Sins
             in
             his
             own
             Blood
          
           ;
           and
           whilst
           we
           were
           Enemies
           to
           Him
           ,
           loved
           us
           at
           such
           a
           rate
           as
           never
           any
           man
           did
           his
           Friend
           .
           To
           Him
           ,
           who
           became
           Man
           ,
           that
           he
           might
           bring
           us
           to
           God
           ;
           and
           assumed
           our
           frail
           and
           mortal
           Nature
           ,
           that
           he
           might
           cloath
           us
           with
           Immortality
           and
           Life
           :
           To
           Him
           ,
           who
           was
           pleased
           to
           dwell
           and
           live
           amongst
           us
           ,
           that
           He
           might
           teach
           us
           how
           to
           live
           :
           To
           Him
           ,
           who
           
             dyed
             for
             our
             Sins
             ,
             and
             rose
             again
             for
             our
             Justification
             ,
          
           and
           
             lives
             for
             ever
             to
             make
             Intercession
             for
             us
             :
          
           To
           Him
           be
           Glory
           and
           Dominion
           ,
           Thanksgiving
           and
           Praise
           to
           eternal
           Ages
           .
        
         
           Amen
           .
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A62611-e220
           
             Joh.
             3.
             16.
             
          
           
             Heb.
             4.
             15.
             
          
           
             Joh.
             8.
             29.
             
          
           
             1
             Pet.
             2.
             22.
             
          
           
             Heb.
             7.
             26
             ,
             27.
             
          
           
             Heb.
             9.
             14.
             
          
           
             1
             Pet.
             1.
             18
             ,
             19.
             
          
           
             2
             Cor.
             5.
             21.
             
          
           
             Eph.
             5.
             10.
             
          
           
             1
             Pet.
             1.
             18.
             
          
           
             Joh.
             15.
             12.
             
          
           
             V.
             13.
             
          
           
             Rom.
             6.
             6
             ,
             7
             ,
             8
             ,
          
           
             1
             Cor.
             5.
             7.
             
          
           
             Lev.
             1.
             4.
             
          
           
             Heb.
             9.
             28.
             
          
           
             v.
             28.
             
          
           
             Obj.
             
             1st
             .
          
           
             Obj.
             
             2d
             .
          
           
             Obj.
             
             3d.
             
          
           
             Obj.
             
             4th
             .