The perfection of the evangelical revelation a sermon preached at St. Martins in the Fields, Jan. 6, 1695/6, being the first of the lecture for this present year, founded by the Honourable Robert Boyle, Esquire / by John Williams ... Williams, John, 1636?-1709. 1696 Approx. 46 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 18 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2008-09 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A66408 Wing W2717 ESTC R38655 17881301 ocm 17881301 106697 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A66408) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 106697) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 1110:6) The perfection of the evangelical revelation a sermon preached at St. Martins in the Fields, Jan. 6, 1695/6, being the first of the lecture for this present year, founded by the Honourable Robert Boyle, Esquire / by John Williams ... Williams, John, 1636?-1709. [2], 32 p. Printed for Ri. Chiswell, and Tho. Cockerill, Senr. & Junr. ..., London : MDCXCVI [1696] Includes half-title page. Reproduction of original in the Union Theological Seminary Library, New York. Includes bibliographical references. Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford. Re-processed by University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. Gap elements of known extent have been transformed into placeholder characters or elements to simplify the filling in of gaps by user contributors. 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Copies of the texts have been issued variously as SGML (TCP schema; ASCII text with mnemonic sdata character entities); displayable XML (TCP schema; characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or text strings within braces); or lossless XML (TEI P5, characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or TEI g elements). Keying and markup guidelines are available at the Text Creation Partnership web site . eng Bible. -- N.T. -- Galatians I, 8-9 -- Sermons. Sermons, English -- 17th century. 2007-06 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2007-06 Apex CoVantage Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2007-08 Robyn Anspach Sampled and proofread 2007-08 Robyn Anspach Text and markup reviewed and edited 2008-02 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion The Perfection of the Evangelical Revelation . A SERMON Preached at St. Martins in the Fields , Jan. 6. 1695 / 6. BEING THE First of the LECTURE For this Present YEAR , Founded by the Honourable ROBERT BOYLE , Esquire . By JOHN WILLIAMS , D. D. Chaplain in Ordinary to His Majesty . LONDON : Printed for Ri. Chiswell , and Tho. Cockerill , Sen r & Jun r : At the Rose and Crown in St. Paul's Church-Yard ; and at the Three Legs in the Poultrey . MDCXCVI . GAL. I. 8 , 9. Though we , or an Angel from heaven , preach any other Gospel unto you , than that which we have preached unto you , let him be accursed . As we said before , so say I now again , If any man preach any other Gospel unto you than that ye have received , let him be accursed . THE People of the Jews having been all along trained up under the Law of Moses , and by virtue of it possess'd of peculiar Advantages beyond any other Nation , were apt to think it as lasting in its Obligation , as Divine in its Original ; and that it was no more in the intention of Almighty God to have it abolished , than it could be disproved to have come immediately from him . This made them slow and backward to receive the Gospel , by which their ancient Constitution would be disannulled ; and after they had believed , it made them inclinable to hearken to such Sophisters , as pretended to compound the Controversy , and to join Moses and Christ , the Law and the Gospel together , so as to be both alike necessary to Salvation : Which is in effect to set up another Gospel than what the Apostle had taught , and they had received from him ; and therefore he expresses his resentment and indignation against it with the highest aggravations , Verses 6 , 7 , 8. I marvel that ye are so soon removed from him that called you into the grace of Christ , unto another Gospel ; Which is not another ; but there be some that trouble you , and would pervert the Gospel of Christ : But though we , or an Angel from heaven , preach any other Gospel unto you , than that which we have preached unto you , let him be accursed , &c. In discoursing upon which words : I shall consider , 1. What is understood by the Gospel , which the Apostle had preached , and they had received . 2. What by another Gospel , against which and the Preachers of it , the Apostle so sharply inveighs , and pronounces an Anathema . 3. I shall shew that the Gospel is the only Revelation from God ; and that there is not another , nor is any other to be expected . 1. The Gospel is here opposed to the Law of Moses , which there were some in the Churches of Galatia , as well as in other places , that would maintain to be necessary to Salvation , if not alone , yet in conjunction with the Gospel ( as aforesaid ) . These two indeed were so far consistent , that the Law was a prefiguration , a Shadow and Type of the Gospel : But being thus a Shadow and a Type of it , That in reason and from the nature of the thing , was to give way , when the Substance came on , and the Types were fulfilled . And therefore though the Law was established at the first by Divine Authority , yet in course was it to cease in its obligation , when the reason of it ceased . And consequently , to plead for its Authority and Obligation , whether in conjunction with , or opposition to the Gospel , was to say that the substance of those Shadows , the completion of those Types , was not accomplished , that Jesus was not the Messiah , nor the Gospel true . In this sense these two that in a state of subordination were consistent , by this means were made to be opposites to each other . So the Apostle , Chap. 5. 2. If ye be circumcised , Christ shall profit you nothing . V. 4. — Ye are fallen from grace ; ye at the same time deny what you seem to confess ; it is a perverting the Gospel of Christ , and establishing another Gospel . But this is only a kind of a negative account of the Gospel ; therefore we are to proceed further in the consideration of it ; and then we are to understand by the Gospel , the Christian Religion , and more especially that part of it which is called Christian , and for which the Professors of it are called Christians , as distinguished from all Religons besides . All mankind are not more of the same common Nature , than they generally agree in the common Principles of Nature : And that which is natural to all , cannot be a Character by which one man is distinguished from another . But when a Man or Institution is called Christian , it is for somewhat peculiar , and distinct from that which is common to all . And therefore though the Law of Nature be a branch of the Christian Religion , as it was of the Mosaical , and is also in it self of a never failing obligation ; yet there is a supervenient Institution , and somewhat besides that which denominates us to be Christians , without the belief and practice of which , we can no more be entitled to to that Character , than that can be called a Natural Religion which excludes , or is contradictory to the Laws of Nature , and the just Reason of Mankind . And of the number of such Principles , which are necessary to the Constitution of Christianity , and consequently to the Character of a Christian , and are the Articles of his Faith , are the Incarnation and Nativity , the Death and Resurrection and Glorification of our Saviour . 1. His Nativity and Incarnation . So 1 John 4. 2 , 3. He that denieth that Jesus Christ is come in the flesh , is not of God. 2. His Death , as he died for Mankind , and was a Sacrifice for Sin. So St. Paul , 1 Cor. 15. 1 , 2 , 3. I declare unto you the Gospel , which also ye have heard , and wherein ye stand , by which also ye are saved . For I delivered unto you first of all that which I also received , how that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures . So that to believe in Jesus as the Messiah , and as a Suffering Messiah , was according to the Scriptures , and by the belief of which we are to be saved . 3. His Resurrection , and what was consequent upon it , his Glorification , the reward of his Humiliation . In which state he is constituted our Mediator . From the connexion betwixt which two , his Death and Intercession , it is , that we seldom read in Scripture of the one without the other . These are constituent and essential Articles of Christianity ; and if these , or any of these are omitted , as it is not Christianity which is left , and it would be another Gospel ; so it is what the Apostle's Anathema will be applicable to . From whence we may be able to answer the next Question . 2. What is to be understood by another Gospel ? When the Apostle speaks here of another Gospel , he thereby means somewhat that is added to it , and with it made necessary to Salvation , as it was when the observation of the Law of Moses was maintained to be as obligatory to the Christians , as ever it had been to the Jews . From which Case , by a parity of Reason we may argue , That whatever alters the Terms and Conditions of the Gospel , and makes that necessary to Salvation which the Gospel has not made necessary ; or that unnecessary which the Gospel has made necessary , is such a perverting it as makes it another Gospel : For that is to set up that as a Divine Revelation , which hath not the Divine Authority to confirm it . For it is God alone that can appoint the Terms of Salvation ; and so , what no man , or Society of men , has any Authority in , to frame , alter or revoke . The necessary Articles of Faith , and Instances of our Duty , must have a Divine Establishment ; and so what we must learn either from the invariable Principles and Dictates of Human Nature , or pure Revelation . 2. That is another Gospel which pretends to a Revelation from God for its Authority , when it is of Human invention or imagination : And that whether for the matter of it , it be true , or false . It may for the matter of it be true , and yet not be a Revelation , but proceed only from men ; and then to place that to the account of Revelation , though it be for the matter of it true , is a notorious falshood and Imposture . But if for the matter of it , it be false , it 's a double Falshood ; as it pretends to a Revelation , which is not Revelation , and also calls in the Veracity of God to give testimony to a falsehood . Supposing then that the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary , Transubstantiation and Purgatory are true , yet to plead a Revelation for them , as it is pleaded in the Church of Rome * , if there were no such Revelation , doth fix such an indelible blot upon the pretended Infallible Church , as all the Water of Tiber cannot cleanse . But if it should prove false ( as those things certainly are ) then it is to add a sort of Blasphemy to the Imposture , as it makes the God of Truth to justify a Falshood . 3. That is another Gospel , which doth establish another Rule , or adds to , or detracts from that which is established , Rev. 22. 18. Now the Scripture is the Rule of Faith and Practice ; and then to alter the Rule , by adding to it , or taking from it , is to alter the Gospel ( which that contains the Revelation of ) as they do in the Church of Rome , who not only add the Apocrypha to the Canon ; but , as the Pharisees ▪ of old , give the same Authority to Unwritten Tradition , as to the Scripture ; and require it to be received with the like pious regard , according to the Council of Trent . Lastly , To alter , to add to , or diminish from the Fundamental Articles or Principles of it , is to make it another Gospel ; as it is to deny Christ to be a Mediator , or to appoint other Mediators than him , such as Angels and Saints . By so doing , the Gospel is rendred as imperfect , and the Scripture as an imperfect Revelation of it . But this there is no occasion for , as I shall now shew by proving , That 3. The Gospel , or Revelation , made known to the World by Jesus Christ , is always to continue th e same ; and no new , or other Revelation is to be expected . This was the Sum of the last Lecture , and is to be the remaining Subject of this . There have been such , in several Ages of the Church , both anciently , and of late , that have pretended to new Revelations ; and that there was a more perfect Dispensation to ensue , than what was contained in the Gospel . Of this Opinion were the Montanists of old ; and of this mind seems to have been Abbas Joachim , who flourished about the Year 1200. And what was also expresly maintained in the Evangelium Aeternum , or Everlasting Gospel , chiefly taken out of the Works of Joachim , and published by the Mendicant Fryars about 1254. Wherein it was affirmed , * That the Doctrine of that Abbot excelled that of Christ : * That the Gospel of Christ was to give way to another Gospel , called the Everlasting Gospel ; or Gospel of the Holy Ghost . And this was a Doctrine spread far and near , among the Beguardi in Germany , the Alumbrados in Spain , and the Fratricelli in Italy , &c. The Spawn of which continued for a long season in several parts , and in some till Ann. Dom. 1560 ▪ who all agreed , that their Doctrine came from God by as immediate Inspiration as ever the Gospel of Christ did . I deny not , but that there may be some particular Revelation or Inspiration , with respect to some especial Case : But as it may arise , for ought we know , from imagination , so if it be not attended with great caution and circumspection , may end in the Whims and Frenzies of a Brigit , a Catharina , or a Mother Juliana , and what not ? Nay , it may proceed to the disannulling the Gospel it self , and to the preferring their own Inspirations ( as they will have it ) above it . But supposing it to be true , that there may be now some particular Inspirations from God in such special cases ; yet it is to be supposed that they are agreeable to the Gospel Revelation ; but if once they contradict it , it can be no more a true Revelation , than the Gospel can be false ; and yet such must be a Revelation that will make the Gospel to cease in its obligation , and to be of no more Authority to Mankind , than the Law of Moses . When the obligation arises not from the nature of the thing , but from positive Institution , it is in the power of the Lawgiver to bind or loose , to establish or evacuate a Law as he thinks fit . And thus it was in the Law of Moses , which consisted of things typical , that had a special reference to that people , and the place of their Habitation , &c. Such were the distribution of the Tribes , the preservation of their Genealogies , their three great Festivals , their Sabbatical Year , and Year of Jubile , &c. Of this temporary nature also were the Ceremonies of the Law , which either had a relation to the Customs of the Nations conterminous to them ; or to a more perfect State that was in process of time to succeed it . The Laws relating to which could not be supposed to be of any force , when They were excluded that Land , and the Tribes were lost and confounded ; no more than the Laws relating to the Wilderness and the Tabernable , could oblige them when they were setled in Canaan , and that they had a Temple erected there . And therefore the phrase for ▪ ever , when annexed to the Constitution , must have a laxer interpretation accordingly allowed , which was , That it should continue to oblige ( as it follows often where that Phrase is used ) throughout their generations ; that is , whilst they were that People , so embodied , and so situated . And had the Gospel consisted of such things that were thus mutable in themselves , or thus peculiar to any People , Time , or Place ; there might be reason to admit it to be temporary ; and to be evacuated when time should serve , as the Law was ; But there is nothing either in the nature of the thing , nor is there any notification of the Divine Will concerning any time set for its expiration ; but rather the contrary ; and so there is not the same reason for a new Dispensation after the Evangelical , as there was for the Evangelical after the Mosaical . I grant that it is as possible in it self for God to reveal himself at some time hereafter , as it was for him to have revealed himself heretofore : And he that revealed himself under the Law , and at the first Institution of the Gospel , may , if he so please , after the same manner reveal himself at any time , or times . But he that will assert the futurity of this , must have more to prove it than a possibility . It is certain God has revealed himself , and that the Gospel was by Revelation from him : But there is not the like certainty for a Revelation after the Gospel , or in after-times of the Gospel , as there is , that the Gospel it self was of Divine Revelation . It is certain that the Gospel has been the only Revelation for above 1600 years past , and that we have had no other Revelation than that contained in the Scripture : And therefore whatever Pretences any Persons or Age made to it , were apparently Mistakes and Impostures ; for that Dispensation of the Holy Ghost , which each Sect fancied to be in their Age , or near to it , is yet to come , if ever it is to be . But to give some further light and force to this Argument , I shall shew , 1. That there is no proof of any other Revelation , than the Gospel of our Saviour , and now recorded and preserved in the Holy Scripture . 2. That there is no need of any further Revelation . 3. That the Scripture shuts up all Revelation with it self , so that no other Revelation is to be expected beyond it . 1. There is no proof of any other Revelation , than what is contained in the Scripture . If any one will contend , that there either is , or shall be such a Revelation , he must have some Revelation to prove it : And that must either be an antecedent Revelation , such as Scripture is taken to be ; or it must be some personal Revelation , made to himself , or to some other credible Person or Persons . But where is the Revelation of this Revelation ? If it be to be found in Scripture , where is the Prediction of such a State , That the Gospel shall be superannuated , and another of greater perfection shall grow out of it ? Under the Law there was a plain signification of another Revelation to be in the time of the Messiah ; and of a more perfect state of things to ensue . But where are the Proofs as plain under the Gospel for a New Revelation , as there were for that of the Gospel under the Law ? Or where is it said of that , as it is of the Law , that it decayeth , or is antiquated , and waxeth old , and so is ready to , or shall at last , vanish away ? Our Apostle here saith on the contrary , If we , or an Angel from heaven , preach any other Gospel unto you , than that which we have preached unto you , let him be accursed . If it be a personal Revelation , then we may reasonably demand , Where is the Evidence for such a Revelation ? All Revelation must have a sufficient Evidence ; and if it be a true Revelation , and what obliges us to receive it as such , it will be able to produce its Evidence . And a New Revelation must suppose a better sort of Evidence than the former , or at least equal to it . There must be the like wonderful Works ; the Blind must as miraculously be made to see , and the Lame to walk , and the Diseased to be whole , and the Dead to rise . Nay , Christ himself must again descend from Heaven , and dye , and rise , and ascend ; or else the Miracles will fall short of what it is in competition with . Nay , it must proceed farther , and its Evidence must not only be equal , but superior also to that which it is to supplant . It was not only fit that Moses's Rod should be turn'd into a Serpent , but when the Magicians pretended to do the same , to shew his Power to be greater than theirs , his Serpentine Rod swallowed up theirs . It was not enough that he brought forth Frogs , when Jannes and Jambres produced the like ; but that he should do what they could not , and so what would oblige them to acknowledge it to be the Finger of God. And thus our Saviour being to advance a new Scheme of things , did not only shew he was the Person described , and prophesied of ; but also by his numerous Miracles , and many of them such as never any , neither Moses , nor any Prophetical Person , ever did work . If then there be no such Evidence for such a new Revelation , ( where there is a pretence to it ) we may conclude it to be another Gospel , a supposititious Revelation , and what is to have no credence given to it , no regard paid to it . It 's Anathema . 2. There is no need of any further Revelation . Revelation has somewhat in it of a Miracle ; it is a way extraordinary ; and as we cannot suppose God will work Miracles , and break through the standing Laws of Nature , when there is no occasion for it , nor necessity to require it ; so we cannot suppose he will communicate himself by a way of Revelation , and immediate Inspiration , and much less break down an Established Order of his own appointment , when there is as much reason for the Continuance of it , as for the Institution ; and that it answers all the Ends for which a new Constitution can be framed , or a new Revelation made . The Apostle argues , If the first Covenant had been faultless , there should no place have been sought for the second : And if there be a place for a Third , there must be some fault or imperfection chargeable upon the Second . But that I shall shew it to be freed from ; and that the Second Covenant or Gospel-Revelation is so perfect , that there is no need of another . For , ( 1. ) There can be no more noble and useful Subject for a Revelation , than that of the Gospel , which is concerning God's Reconciliation to Mankind , and their Redemption by the Death of his Son. And where this is plainly revealed , there is no place for a Second , nor any need of a new Revelation . ( 2. ) If we consider the Gospel-Revelation as a Covenant , consisting of Promises and Conditions ; there cannot be more excellent and beneficial than those , nor more necessary than these . For what can be proposed of greater advantage unto Mankind , than what the Gospel offers to those that believe and obey it ? It is no less than the favour of God , the blessing and protection of his Providence , the assistance of his Spirit , and in the close of all , Everlasting Life , a translation out of this mortal , uncomfortable , and uncertain State , to a State of unchangeable Happiness ; where Body and Soul shall again be united , When this corruptible shall put on incorruption , and this mortal shall put on immortality . An Encouragement that is the highest Cordial that can work upon Humane Nature , and will ( if any Consideration can ) qualify the Troubles of this present Life , and set a man above the fears of an exclusion out of it . And when this is promised , there can nothing be offer'd beyond it ; nor is there any need to find out others after this is proposed . And such as the Promises are , such are the Conditions required of us , which are as unchangeable as the Reward : those indeed are unchangeable from the Divine Declaration , and God's faithfulness ; but these are unchangeable from the nature of the things , as well as the Divine Command . So that there is no room for another Revelation , unless we can change the nature of things , and make evil good , and good evil ; and put darkness for light , and light for darkness ; unless we will dissolve all Order , and confound all Relations , and set the Creature loose from all obligations of Love , and Gratitude , and Service to the Creator . Terms surely uncapable of abatement or alteration . For who can suppose Mankind should be left at liberty , whether they would love God , or neglect him ; whether obey , or violate his Laws ; whether they would be vertuous or vicious ; and whether they would believe in Jesus , and own him to be their Saviour ; or , with the Jews , reject him , and not have him to reign over them ? Alter the Promises and Conditions , and there is another Gospel , and another Revelation ; but till they are altered , or alterable , there needs no New Revelation . All the abatements or relaxations that can be allowed , are inserted into the body of this Revelation ; where there is a two fold allowance ; an allowance of remission for whatever sins are past , and truly repented of ; and an allowance for Humane Infirmities under the strictest obligations to our duty . And lower than these the Gospel doth not , nor for the reason before given , can descend ; since then it would countenance Impenitence , and establish Iniquity by a Law ; and then indeed it had been an imperfect , a defective , a faulty Covenant , and there would have been a place for a New. ( 3. ) The extent of this Law , or New Covenant , is such as none can exceed it ; for it is as much fitted for the whole Race of Mankind , as any could be for any particular Nation . The Law of Moses was a Law to the Jews , suited to their Temper and Circumstances in its original Frame and Constitution ▪ and so what other Nations , as Nations , could not come within the benefit of ; nor could particular Persons , otherwise than as they became Proselytes , and made themselves subject to it by the same way of initiation in Circumcision . And it is of the nature of all Humane Laws ( though the general Lines running through them are one and the same ) that they are fitted for the immediate use and service of that People , whose Laws they are ; and which therefore vary infinitely , and alter as Circumstances alter , and as Reasons of State require . But now the Gospel-Dispensation comprehends in it all Nations , and they are all to that as if they were but one People . It was our Saviour's Commission to his Apostles after his Resurrection , Go ye into all the world , and preach the Gospel to every creature . And such as the Commission was , such were the Rules and Precepts they were to give and publish , which were of universal concernment and obligation ; and neither confined by Persons nor Places , by Times nor Circumstances , but what all Persons , in all Places , Times and Circumstances , are equally obliged to observe ; and which are of that nature , and have such a tendency to the good welfare and happiness of Mankind , whether alone , or in Society , whether as particular Persons , or Families , or Nations ; that if exactly observed , purity , and peace , and love would every where abound , and the Earth be a kind of Paradise again . And therefore , if there be any Narrowness of mind , and feuds among Mankind , if Vice and Wickedness overflow the World , it is not for want of a Law every way perfect to bind and restrain them ; or that there need another Gospel to mend them ; but for the reason given by St. James , — from their lusts that war in their members . ( 4. ) If we consider the Evidence given to the Gospel-Revelation , we shall find there needs no other evidence to be given to that Revelation ; nor that there needs any other Revelation for want for want of Evidence in this . Our Saviour's Life was a Life of Miracles as well as Innocence ; and where ever he went , the Divine Power went along with him ; for in him dwelt the fulness of the Godhead bodily . And which he exerted where ▪ ever he came , and as occasion served , to the confusion , if not the convicton or conversion of his Adversaries ; and all which at last concluded in his own Resurrection from the dead , his Ascension into Heaven , and the effusion of the Holy Ghost , which began on Pentecost , but like a torrent ran on through the Apostolical Age , and bore down all manner of competition . And what then can any Revelation pretend to beyond it ? or where can there be any that can be suppos'd to produce the like Evidence for its veracity ? ( as I have just before observ'd . ) Lastly , How can we have a Gospel that can pretend to vye with that which the Son of God came into the World to reveal , who was the last that was to come from Heaven ; and when our Faith is that which was once delivered to the Saints . Once for all ; and so there is no more another Faith or Revelation to be expected after that , than another Mediator after Him , who was once offered to bear the sins of many . This leads to the Third Branch . 3. The Scripture shuts up all with this Revelation ; and because we have now no Revelation but that Written Revelation , we cannot suppose any Revelation beyond it , and much less derogatory to it ; or that shall direct us to any other way by which we are to be saved , than that we have already received , and is therein recorded . I have before observed , that the time from our Blessed Saviour's appearance , and the publication of the Gospel by him ( to his second coming ) is called the last days in Scripture , and consequently has none to succeed it . So the Apostle , As it is appointed unto men once to die , but after this the judgment : So Christ was once offered to bear the sins of many ; and unto them that look for him , shall he appear the second time ; without a sin-offering , unto salvation . That is , as there is no alteration in the state from Death unto Judgment , but as men dye , so they will appear to be at Judgment : So there is no alteration to be between Christ's first appearing , when he offered himself ; and his second , when he shall so come in like manner as he was seen to go into heaven . If therefore there is to be any alteration as to this Revelation , it is not to be before , but must be after our Saviour's second appearance . But of that we have nothing to say . Thus far as I have consider'd the Argument , there may be very few supposed to be concerned ; that is , such as set up another Revelation in opposition to the Gospel-Revelation ; or that maintain the Revelation of the Gospel to be only temporary , and that it shall have its season in which it is to expire , and be succeeded by another . And it may seem to be scarcely worth the while to have spent so much time upon it with respect to such wild Enthusiasts as have been , and still are in the World. But however , what has been hitherto said , may be of further use with reference to another Case , just mentioned before , and that is the Case of personal and occasional Revelation ; which may be conceived only to serve to a more spiritual manifestation of the Revelation already received , and so be no more derogatory to that Revelation , than occasional or personal Revelation heretofore in the Mosaical State was to the Body of that Law which was of immediate and Divine Revelation , and of universal obligation to that People . I would not altogether deny this ; because I know not how far some Persons may in some cases be enlightned by a Spirit of Prophecy ; nor what particular directions they may receive in an extraordinary way in some special Cases with ●espect to themselves , to others , and the Church of God ; which may be like a special Providence to some particular persons . But now as a man must govern himself by the general Rules of Divine Providence , and not by particular ; and because he has sometimes met with Deliverances , and Supplies , and Directions beyond all his own foresight and reasoning , must not forsake his own reasoning and care , and wholly rely upon the Extraordinary : So it is to be here ; a person may perhaps have some occasional Revelation , some Divine Inspiration , at some special Season , or in some special Case ; but if he forsakes the Ordinary to depend upon the Extraordinary , and expects Revelation in every case , because he has had it in some particulars , he will as much be subject to error , and err no less dangerously , than if he wholly relied upon Divine Providence , and forsook all other means whatsoever . And truly this is a way much liable to be abused , and to mislead persons , and is very suspicious and dangerous . 1. It is a Case liable to imposture and abuse , forasmuch as those that are under the influence of such a conception , are not always , if at all , capable of making a certain judgment of it . For it is all transacted within , and the Imagination may be so much influenced by the Body , and by an agitation of the Humours and Animal Spirits , from an Enthusiastal and even a devout Temper , by prepossessions and foreconceived Principles , and even by the Circumstances of Life , that it may be wholly natural ; as natural as Dreams , or the Deliriums of a Fever , which proceed from the ebullition of the Blood , and such like ordinary Causes . 2. Persons have been imposed upon , and taken the effect of Imagination for Inspiration and Divine Illumination . I am far from condemning all the Instances of this kind , of Hypocrisy , and of a design to deceive , like Maria Visitationis in Portugal . I will rather think more charitably , That very often they have thought themselves thus moved and acted by the Spirit of God : And yet notwithstanding all their Pretences , and the opinion others have had of them , it has been afterwards evident , that it has been far from being a Divine Infusion and Illumination . What shall we think of Teresa , whose Life is full of her Visions and Revelations ; and of whom we are told by one of that Way , That besides many other extatical Sights in the Kingdom of Heaven , she often had the sight and company of the Holy Trinity , of each person in particular , that they spoke to her , and she to them ; and used to ask , and did obtain particular favours of each . — that God shew'd her how all Creatures are contained in his Divine Essence , as in a Chrystal glass , and that she saw therein the thoughts words , and deeds of all men . This ( and truly she had reason to think so ) she said was one of the greatest favours to her . Now if we would but alter the place , and for the Nunnery conceive her to be in a Hospital , we should take it to be , what that Author in a transport sometimes calls it , a Phrenzy . And what a Legend of Dreams would the World be furnished with , if the Visions and Revelations of this kind were bundl'd up together , as the Miracles of reputed Saints have sometimes been ? 3. They are very much to be suspected of Imposture . ( 1. ) And that because we read so little of this way in Scripture , even in the Apostolical Times , and nothing to encourage us in the expectation of it afterwards : We read nothing there of the Union of the Soul to the Divine Essence , of its being absorpt and drowned over head and ears , and ingulphed in the depth of Divinity , so that it became one and the same with God , by a true Deification . We read there sparingly of some Extasies ; as one of St. Peter , and one or two of St. Paul ; but with how much reserve and modesty doth the Holy Apostle speak , when he comes to Visions and Revelations of the Lord , when he heard unspeakable words , which it is not lawful for a man to utter ? But what can be greater , if these of Teresia be true ? And where might we more expect to be entertained with the Relations of such Rapts , as in the Gospel ? So that when they are there so unusual , and here so frequent , that even Societies are embodied and formed from it , we have reason to suspect . ( 2. ) It 's much to be suspected , when that which is the proper means of judging , and of distinguishing Imagination from Revelation , is laid aside , which is Reason ; and when all is resolved into the Person 's own testimony . We are required in all Cases to search , and to try , which doth suppose the free exercise of our Reason ; and when this is rejected , 't is a sign there is no truth in the thing pretended . ( 3. ) It is suspicious , when they exalt their own private Revelations to the same Authority with the Revelations of Holy Writ ; and seek to justify the one by the other . ( 4. ) When they esteem the way of Religion , as describ'd in Scripture , to be mean , in comparison of this that they are in , and prefer this way of Contemplation and Inspiration above the plain Precepts of Christianity : When it is a condescention in them to join in External Worship . Thus it is given by Father Ubald as an instance of the attainment of one to some degree of this rapturous state , that when the hour of Prayer was spent , he could hardly be persuaded that it was so , not knowing what Prayer he was in . And the famous Quietist , Molinos , reports of Gregory Lopez , That having for the space of three Years continued that Ejaculation , Thy will be done in Time , and in Eternity ; repeating it as often as he breathed ; God discovered to him that infinite Treasure of the pure and continued Act of Faith and Love ; and that during the 36 years he lived after , he always continued that pure Act of Love , without ever uttering the least Petition , Ejaculation , or any thing that was sensible . So that all is by this means resolved into a spiritual and senseless frame and course , a certain stilness and quietness , as Molinos expresseth it , when the Soul doth not know whether it be alive or dead , lost or gained , agrees or resists ; this , saith he , is the true resigned life . Where there is no External Service for the Mind to be concerned in , no External Object to be attended to . A state of Perfection that is above what the Gospel doth describe ; and is another Gospel than what we have in Scripture received ; and which there needs an uncontroulable Evidence for ; the want of which increaseth the suspicion . For , ( 5. ) There is no Evidence for all this beyond their own simple affirmation . And who is there without good Evidence that can believe that those Rapturous Ladies , ( such as Santa Teresa , and Donna Marina d' Escobar ) did in Molinos's Phrase , hear and talk with God hand to hand ; when he reads the interlocutory matters that are said to have passed between them ; as for Example , Whenever ( saith Teresa ) the Lord commanded me any thing , if my Confessor told me another ; I turned to the Lord , and told him that I must obey my Confessor . This , saith that grave man upon it ▪ is sound and true Doctrine which secures Souls ; or rather confounds and destroys them . This puts me in mind of what the same Author elsewhere observes , The desire of Revelations uses to be a great hindrance to the interiour Soul , especially to women ; and there is not an ordinary Dream , but they will christen it with the name of a Vision . The World , especially one part of it , has been much imposed upon , when credulous this way . The Pretence abovesaid , of Maria Visitationis , is an Instance beyond all exception , who imposed upon her Confessor ( no less a man than Lewis Granada ) the Inquisition , and even on the Pope himself : And yet notwithstanding she pretended to somewhat more than internal for her Converse with our Saviour , &c. was detected at last of notorious Imposture . But most of the Visionaries ( we are speaking of ) pretended not to so much . And therefore where there is no external Evidence attempted by them , nor that we have the gift of Intuition to see into their inward and Self-evidence , we have no reason to think otherwise of such Illuminations , and Introversions , and Interlocutions , than at best the effects of an heated Imagination . But of this before . And so much the rather are we to be careful in these matters , and not to be too easy of belief , 4. Because it may be very dangerous in the consequence of it . For if instead of a Star , it should prove an Ignis fatuus , whither may not Persons be led under the delusion of it ? For what will not be concluded to be lawful , nay , a duty , which Revelation shall warrant ? And where will this end , if it once be credited , and that we commit our selves implicitly and blindly to such an uncertain Guide ? So that in the issue , such a Spirit of Revelation , as it is not promised by God , and therefore not reasonable to be expected ; so it is not to be desired . I shall conclude this with a Saying of one conversant in that way , You must not think them holiest , that have Consolations , Visions , and Revelations ; for many are great Saints that never had any of them ; and others that had Visions and Gusts are not therefore Saints ; for true Sanctity doth consist in solid vertue , and true conformity of our will to the will of God in all things , &c. I freely acknowledge that there will be a great alteration in the present state of the Church , before the close of the whole , and before an end shall be put to Christ's Mediatory Kingdom upon Earth ; When the mountain of the Lord's house shall be established in the top of the mountains ; and all nations shall flow unto it . When the wolf shall dwell with the lamb , &c. and that the earth shall be full of the knowledge of the Lord , as the waters cover the sea ; that there shall be but one Church over all the World , by the conversion of the Jews , and the coming in of the fulness of the Gentiles ; and that by the coming down of the New Jerusalem from Heaven , it shall be in a state of perfect peace ; and there shall be in that sense a new heaven and a new earth . But that is a state in reserve ; and there will need no evidence for that which will be self-evident . In the mean time , if we according to his promise look for a new heaven , and a new earth , wherein dwelleth righteousness , let us , according to the Apostle's Advice , be diligent that we be found of him in peace , without spot and blameless . Amen . FINIS . Notes, typically marginal, from the original text Notes for div A66408-e230 Acts 15. Acts 11. 26. Phil. 2. 8 , 9. 1 Tim 2. 5 , 6. Hebr. 9. 14 , 15 , 23. 1 John 2. 1 , 2. * Breviar . Rom. Octob 8. Bellarm. de Purg. l. 1. c. 11. de Eucha . l. 3. c. 8. * Matth. Par. Hist . An. Dom. 1255. Eymericus , Direct . Inquisit . Gul. de S. Amore de peric . noviss . temp . Prateolus de Haer. l. 4. V. D. r Stilling fleet , Fanaticism of the Roman Church . Deut. 29. 29. Ex. 12. 17. Lev. 23. 14. V. Spondani Annal . Eccles . Ann. Dom. 1204. de Almarico Heb. 8. 13. Ex. 7. 12. 2 Tim. 3. 8. Ex. 8. 18 , 19. John 15. 24. Hebr. 8. 7. Matth. 28. 19. Mark 16. 15. Jam. 4. 1. Jude 3. Hebr. 9. 28. Serm. 8. of the last Year . Hebr. 9. 27 , 28. P. 10. Jesus Maria. Joseph . Teresia . composed by Paul of St. Ubald . 1654. Part. 3. P. 65 , 71 , 86. P. 72. Legenda aurea . Bolandus , &c. Ubald . p. 14 , 16 , 41. 2 Cor. 12. 1 , &c. P. 57. n. 4. Spiritual Guide , lib. 1. c. 17. n. 135. Ibid. lib. 3. c. 7. n. 63. Ibid. Preface , n. 17. L. 2. c. 2. &c. 9. n. 71. Ibid. l. 2. c. 6. n. 46. V. Lud. à Paramo de Orig. Inquisit . & Bp. Wor. Fanat . of the Church of Rome . P. 15. Ubald . ibid. part . 3. c ▪ 6. n. 11. Isa . 2. 2 , &c. ch . 11. 6 , &c. Rev. 21. 1 , &c. 2 Pet. 2. 13 , 14.