The unreasonableness of infidelity a sermon preached at St. Martins in the Fields, April 6, 1696, being the fourth of the lecture for this present year, founded by the Honourable Robert Boyle, Esquire / by John Williams ...
         Williams, John, 1636?-1709.
      
       
         
           1696
        
      
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             The unreasonableness of infidelity a sermon preached at St. Martins in the Fields, April 6, 1696, being the fourth of the lecture for this present year, founded by the Honourable Robert Boyle, Esquire / by John Williams ...
             Williams, John, 1636?-1709.
          
           [2], 32 p.
           
             Printed for Ri. Chiswell, and Tho. Cockerill ...,
             London :
             MDCXCVI [1696]
          
           
             Reproduction of original in the Union Theological Seminary Library, New York.
             Includes bibliographical references.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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           Church of England -- Sermons.
           Bible. -- N.T. -- Luke XVI, 31 -- Sermons.
           Sermons, English -- 17th century.
        
      
    
     
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           The
           Vnreasonableness
           of
           Infidelity
           .
        
         
           A
           SERMON
           Preached
           at
           St.
           
             Martins
             in
             the
             Fields
          
           ,
           April
           6.
           1696.
           
           BEING
           THE
           Fourth
           of
           the
           LECTURE
           For
           this
           Present
           YEAR
           ,
           Founded
           by
           the
           Honourable
           
             ROBERT
             BOYLE
          
           ,
           Esquire
           .
        
         
           By
           
             JOHN
             WILLIAMS
          
           ,
           D.
           D.
           Chaplain
           in
           Ordinary
           to
           His
           Majesty
           .
        
         
           LONDON
           :
           Printed
           for
           
             Ri.
             Chiswell
          
           ,
           and
           
             Tho.
             Cockerill
          
           :
           At
           the
           Rose
           and
           Crown
           in
           St.
           
           Paul's
           Church-Yard
           ;
           and
           at
           the
           
             Three
             Legs
          
           in
           the
           Poultrey
           .
           MDCXCVI
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
         
           
             LUKE
             XVI
             .
             31.
             
          
           
             And
             he
             said
             unto
             him
             ,
             If
             they
             hear
             not
             Moses
             and
             the
             Prophets
             ,
             neither
             will
             they
             be
             persuaded
             ,
             though
             one
             rise
             from
             the
             dead
             .
          
        
         
           FROM
           the
           19th
           .
           Verse
           of
           this
           Chapter
           to
           the
           end
           ,
           under
           the
           Parable
           of
           (
           if
           I
           may
           so
           call
           it
           )
           the
           Rich
           man
           and
           Lazarus
           ,
           
           there
           is
           a
           way
           proposed
           ,
           by
           which
           we
           may
           best
           judge
           of
           the
           wisdom
           and
           folly
           ,
           the
           happiness
           and
           misery
           of
           Mankind
           .
           And
           it
           is
           as
           if
           our
           Saviour
           had
           said
           ;
           Suppose
           we
           a
           man
           as
           happy
           as
           the
           world
           can
           make
           him
           ,
           abounding
           in
           Prosperity
           ,
           Wealth
           ,
           Ease
           and
           Luxury
           ,
           that
           wanted
           nothing
           for
           his
           Vanity
           ,
           for
           he
           was
           in
           a
           condition
           honourable
           and
           splendid
           ,
           
             was
             cloathed
             in
             Purple
             ,
             and
             fiue
             Linen
             ,
          
           
           and
           Silk
           ;
           nothing
           for
           his
           Appetite
           ,
           for
           he
           
             fared
             sumptuously
             every
             day
          
           .
           And
           when
           he
           died
           ,
           was
           buried
           with
           Ceremony
           and
           Pomp
           agreable
           to
           his
           Quality
           .
        
         
         
           Suppose
           we
           on
           the
           other
           hand
           a
           person
           as
           miserable
           as
           this
           world
           can
           make
           him
           ,
           poor
           so
           as
           to
           beg
           ;
           
           
             full
             of
             Sores
          
           and
           Ulcers
           ,
           so
           as
           not
           able
           to
           help
           himself
           ;
           destitute
           of
           Friends
           ,
           so
           as
           to
           be
           cast
           at
           the
           Rich
           man's
           gate
           ;
           
           hunger-starved
           so
           as
           to
           need
           the
           very
           
             crumbs
             which
             fell
             from
             the
             other's
             table
          
           ;
           contemned
           so
           as
           not
           to
           be
           regarded
           though
           lying
           at
           the
           gate
           ,
           in
           the
           passage
           and
           view
           of
           all
           ;
           or
           if
           taken
           notice
           of
           ,
           yet
           so
           as
           not
           to
           be
           relieved
           ;
           naked
           ,
           so
           as
           not
           to
           have
           wherewith
           to
           cover
           his
           Body
           ,
           or
           to
           defend
           his
           sores
           from
           the
           cold
           ,
           and
           that
           found
           more
           pity
           among
           the
           dogs
           than
           men
           ,
           while
           alive
           (
           for
           they
           
             came
             and
             licked
             his
             sores
             )
          
           ;
           and
           when
           dead
           through
           want
           ,
           pain
           and
           anguish
           ,
           found
           as
           little
           charity
           to
           bury
           him
           .
           Thus
           far
           we
           find
           them
           as
           unlike
           as
           can
           be
           in
           their
           present
           condition
           .
        
         
           But
           now
           let
           us
           follow
           them
           beyond
           the
           Grave
           ,
           and
           see
           what
           becomes
           of
           them
           in
           the
           other
           world
           .
           There
           we
           find
           the
           poor
           Lazarus
           ,
           that
           once
           pitiful
           ,
           contemptible
           ,
           necessitous
           wretched
           Creature
           ,
           that
           wanted
           what
           the
           dogs
           had
           here
           ,
           
           the
           
             crumbs
             of
             the
             Table
          
           ,
           taken
           care
           of
           at
           his
           death
           by
           the
           Holy
           Angels
           ,
           and
           carried
           by
           them
           into
           a
           place
           of
           safety
           and
           rest
           ,
           comfort
           and
           happiness
           ,
           where
           Abraham
           was
           ,
           and
           
           there
           preferr'd
           to
           a
           place
           of
           honour
           and
           kindness
           ;
           for
           he
           lay
           in
           Abraham's
           Bosom
           ,
           having
           no
           poverty
           ,
           nor
           sores
           ,
           nor
           contempt
           ,
           nor
           any
           of
           the
           
             evil
             things
          
           he
           received
           in
           his
           Life-time
           here
           .
        
         
           This
           he
           had
           because
           of
           his
           afflictions
           that
           he
           endured
           ,
           and
           bore
           with
           admirable
           patience
           ;
           because
           of
           his
           steady
           dependance
           upon
           God
           ,
           and
           an
           humble
           submission
           to
           him
           in
           the
           most
           deplorable
           condition
           .
        
         
           On
           the
           other
           hand
           ,
           the
           Rich
           man
           when
           he
           died
           went
           to
           Hell
           ,
           where
           he
           had
           none
           of
           the
           Ease
           and
           Luxury
           ,
           the
           Respect
           and
           Honour
           ,
           none
           of
           the
           good
           things
           he
           received
           in
           his
           life-time
           ,
           but
           was
           
             tormented
             in
             a
             flame
          
           ,
           wanting
           water
           there
           as
           much
           to
           
             cool
             his
             tongue
          
           ,
           and
           quench
           his
           insatiable
           thirst
           ,
           as
           Lazarus
           did
           before
           the
           
             crumbs
             which
             fell
             from
             his
             Table
          
           to
           satisfy
           his
           hunger
           .
           There
           he
           was
           ,
           and
           there
           he
           was
           to
           abide
           ,
           for
           there
           was
           
             a
             great
             Gulph
             fixed
          
           ,
           that
           rendred
           him
           as
           uncapable
           of
           receiving
           relief
           in
           the
           other
           world
           ,
           as
           he
           was
           neglectful
           and
           unwilling
           to
           give
           it
           to
           such
           as
           needed
           in
           this
           .
        
         
           This
           he
           had
           for
           his
           Pride
           and
           Unmercifulness
           ,
           for
           his
           Contempt
           of
           God
           ,
           and
           of
           others
           better
           than
           himself
           .
           This
           he
           was
           too
           late
           sensible
           of
           as
           to
           himself
           ;
           
             he
             lift
             up
             his
             eyes
          
           ,
           but
           he
           was
           
             in
             torments
          
           ;
           he
           cried
           to
           his
           
             Father
             Abraham
          
           ,
           but
           
           he
           proves
           inexorable
           ;
           he
           calls
           for
           mercy
           ,
           but
           is
           minded
           of
           his
           former
           ingratitude
           to
           God
           ,
           and
           his
           uncharitableness
           to
           others
           ,
           and
           is
           put
           to
           silence
           with
           a
           
             Son
             remember
             ,
             that
             thou
             in
             thy
             life-time
             receivedst
             thy
             good
             things
             ,
          
           ver
           .
           25.
           
        
         
           When
           he
           could
           not
           prevail
           for
           himself
           ,
           he
           then
           turns
           his
           thoughts
           towards
           his
           
             Five
             brethren
          
           ,
           whom
           he
           left
           behind
           ,
           that
           were
           as
           careless
           ,
           and
           so
           likely
           at
           last
           to
           be
           as
           miserable
           as
           himself
           ,
           and
           intreats
           Abraham
           that
           Lazarus
           might
           be
           sent
           
             to
             testify
             unto
             them
          
           ,
           how
           it
           was
           with
           him
           ,
           and
           how
           it
           would
           also
           be
           with
           them
           unless
           they
           repented
           ,
           
             ver
             .
             27.
          
           
           To
           which
           Abraham
           replies
           ,
           
             ver
             .
             29.
             
             They
             have
             Moses
             and
             the
             Prophets
             ,
             let
             them
             hear
             them
             .
          
           But
           that
           doth
           not
           satisfy
           him
           ,
           and
           he
           urges
           further
           :
           
             Nay
             ,
             Father
             Abraham
             ,
             but
             if
             one
             went
             from
             the
             dead
             ,
             they
             will
             repent
             ,
             ver
             .
             30.
             
          
           This
           he
           speaks
           from
           his
           own
           Experience
           ,
           who
           had
           
             Moses
             and
             the
             Prophets
          
           as
           well
           as
           they
           ,
           and
           yet
           he
           was
           as
           secure
           and
           careless
           ,
           as
           if
           he
           had
           never
           heard
           or
           knew
           what
           they
           Taught
           ;
           and
           therefore
           unless
           some
           other
           Expedient
           be
           thought
           of
           ,
           or
           some
           other
           means
           used
           ,
           they
           are
           like
           in
           the
           conclusion
           to
           be
           as
           miserable
           as
           himself
           ;
           and
           surely
           that
           ,
           if
           any
           ,
           would
           prevent
           it
           ,
           
             if
             one
             went
             from
             the
             dead
             .
          
           But
           to
           this
           Abraham
           replies
           in
           the
           Text
           ,
           
           
             If
             they
             hear
             not
             Moses
             and
             the
             Prophets
             ,
             neither
             will
             they
             be
             persuaded
             ,
             though
             one
             rise
             from
             the
             dead
          
           ;
           that
           is
           ,
           if
           they
           give
           no
           Credit
           nor
           regard
           to
           what
           is
           contained
           in
           their
           Writings
           concerning
           a
           Future
           State
           of
           rewards
           and
           punishments
           ,
           they
           are
           incurable
           ,
           neither
           
             will
             they
             be
             persuaded
          
           to
           repent
           ,
           (
           as
           it
           is
           
             ver
             .
             30.
             )
             though
             one
             rise
             from
             the
             dead
             .
          
        
         
           That
           there
           is
           a
           Future
           State
           of
           Happiness
           or
           Misery
           ,
           in
           which
           the
           Souls
           of
           men
           do
           live
           after
           a
           separation
           from
           their
           Bodies
           ,
           has
           been
           in
           all
           Ages
           universally
           received
           ;
           But
           yet
           was
           not
           so
           convincingly
           to
           be
           proved
           from
           the
           sole
           light
           of
           Reason
           ,
           but
           that
           a
           fuller
           evidence
           of
           it
           was
           very
           desirable
           :
           For
           which
           there
           are
           but
           two
           ways
           ,
           Either
           that
           of
           Divine
           Revelation
           ,
           by
           persons
           Divinely
           Inspired
           ;
           Or
           by
           the
           return
           of
           one
           from
           the
           Dead
           ,
           who
           was
           before
           known
           to
           the
           Living
           .
           And
           these
           are
           the
           ways
           taken
           here
           into
           consideration
           by
           our
           Saviour
           ,
           in
           the
           case
           before
           us
           :
           Where
           there
           may
           be
           three
           sorts
           of
           persons
           concerned
           .
        
         
           1.
           
           Those
           that
           had
           not
           Moses
           and
           the
           Prophets
           ,
           and
           were
           wholly
           without
           a
           Revelation
           ;
           as
           was
           the
           case
           of
           the
           Heathens
           :
           And
           
             how
             shall
             they
             believe
             ,
             who
             have
             not
             heard
             ?
          
           Rom.
           10.
           14.
           
        
         
           2.
           
           Those
           that
           had
           Moses
           and
           the
           Prophets
           ,
           
           and
           yet
           were
           incredulous
           ,
           and
           did
           not
           believe
           what
           Moses
           and
           the
           Prophets
           relate
           concerning
           a
           Future
           State.
           Such
           were
           the
           
             Sadducees
             ,
             who
             held
             there
             was
             no
             resurrection
             ,
          
           
           
             angel
             ,
             nor
             spirit
          
           existing
           out
           of
           a
           Body
           .
           
        
         
           3.
           
           Those
           that
           had
           Moses
           and
           the
           Prophets
           ,
           and
           did
           believe
           what
           was
           therein
           revealed
           ,
           concerning
           the
           Soul's
           Immortality
           and
           a
           Future
           Life
           ,
           but
           were
           not
           thereby
           persuaded
           to
           repent
           .
           Such
           were
           the
           Pharisees
           ,
           who
           professed
           to
           believe
           what
           the
           Sadducees
           denied
           :
           And
           of
           this
           sort
           were
           the
           Rich
           man
           (
           here
           spoken
           of
           )
           and
           his
           Five
           Brethren
           supposed
           to
           be
           .
        
         
           Now
           toward
           the
           conviction
           of
           each
           of
           these
           ,
           it
           might
           be
           supposed
           ,
           that
           if
           one
           rose
           from
           the
           dead
           ,
           the
           former
           would
           be
           persuaded
           to
           believe
           ,
           and
           the
           latter
           to
           repent
           .
        
         
           
             Thus
             the
             Heathens
             reasoned
             ,
             who
             had
             no
             Revelation
             .
             As
             that
             Excellent
             person
          
           Canus
           Julus
           
             (
             that
          
           Seneca
           
             speaks
             of
             )
             who
             just
             before
             his
             Execution
             said
             to
             his
             Friends
             ,
          
           *
           Ye
           are
           inquisitive
           to
           know
           whether
           the
           Souls
           are
           Immortal
           ;
           I
           shall
           now
           know
           .
           
             And
             he
             promised
          
           ,
           †
           If
           he
           found
           it
           so
           ,
           that
           he
           would
           go
           about
           among
           his
           Friends
           ,
           and
           would
           inform
           themwhat
           was
           the
           state
           of
           departed
           Souls
           .
        
         
         
           And
           the
           same
           Seneca
           ,
           when
           discoursing
           to
           Lucilius
           about
           the
           behaviour
           of
           
             Bassus
             Aufidius
          
           ,
           how
           dying
           he
           spake
           of
           Death
           as
           a
           Friend
           ,
           and
           what
           a
           confirmation
           this
           gave
           to
           the
           Doctrine
           of
           the
           Souls
           Immortality
           ,
           he
           adds
           ,
           *
           
             But
             I
             suppose
             you
             would
             more
             firmly
             believe
             it
             ,
             if
             one
             should
             return
             to
             life
             again
             ,
             and
             should
             declare
             that
             he
             found
             no
             evil
             in
             death
             .
          
           To
           this
           they
           gladly
           repaired
           as
           an
           evidence
           where
           they
           found
           it
           .
           And
           therefore
           Plato
           produceth
           the
           instance
           of
           
             Erus
             Armenius
          
           ,
           
           that
           after
           he
           had
           been
           dead
           Twelve
           days
           ,
           revived
           ,
           and
           gave
           much
           such
           an
           account
           of
           the
           other
           State
           ,
           as
           we
           have
           in
           this
           Parable
           .
        
         
           But
           't
           is
           the
           case
           of
           Revelation
           we
           Christians
           are
           more
           immediately
           concerned
           in
           ,
           and
           which
           our
           Saviour
           here
           speaks
           to
           ,
           and
           prefers
           before
           the
           Testimony
           of
           one
           rising
           from
           the
           dead
           .
        
         
           The
           way
           here
           proposed
           concerning
           the
           coming
           of
           one
           from
           the
           dead
           ,
           has
           somewhat
           of
           common
           Experience
           on
           its
           side
           .
           For
           we
           see
           that
           notwithstanding
           the
           clear
           Revelation
           of
           another
           state
           in
           Scripture
           ,
           and
           the
           belief
           that
           men
           have
           of
           it
           ,
           yet
           generally
           they
           are
           but
           little
           affected
           with
           these
           Arguments
           ,
           though
           allowed
           
           to
           be
           of
           the
           greatest
           importance
           ,
           because
           they
           lie
           dead
           in
           a
           Book
           ,
           and
           are
           proposed
           to
           them
           by
           such
           as
           have
           no
           more
           personal
           Experience
           of
           these
           things
           than
           themselves
           ,
           having
           never
           been
           out
           of
           this
           world
           ,
           nor
           had
           any
           sight
           of
           ,
           or
           conversation
           with
           the
           other
           .
        
         
           But
           now
           if
           a
           special
           Messenger
           should
           be
           sent
           from
           the
           other
           world
           ;
           a
           Lazarus
           who
           was
           known
           to
           them
           when
           alive
           ,
           and
           known
           by
           them
           to
           be
           dead
           ;
           one
           that
           had
           been
           an
           ocular
           witness
           of
           the
           things
           he
           spoke
           of
           and
           related
           ,
           and
           should
           tell
           them
           ,
           that
           as
           there
           is
           a
           state
           of
           Happiness
           for
           good
           men
           ,
           so
           a
           state
           of
           Misery
           for
           the
           wicked
           ,
           a
           state
           of
           Misery
           without
           ease
           ,
           respit
           ,
           or
           hope
           of
           deliverance
           ,
           and
           confirmed
           all
           by
           his
           appearance
           ,
           surely
           this
           would
           move
           them
           :
           Surely
           no
           heart
           so
           hard
           ,
           but
           this
           must
           penetrate
           ;
           no
           mind
           so
           stup●d
           ,
           but
           this
           must
           awaken
           ;
           no
           Sinner
           so
           incorrigible
           ,
           but
           this
           must
           reclaim
           .
           And
           it
           may
           be
           left
           to
           every
           one
           to
           judge
           ,
           Whether
           if
           there
           were
           such
           an
           Apparition
           that
           should
           come
           upon
           this
           terrible
           Errand
           ,
           any
           one
           could
           see
           and
           hear
           it
           with
           the
           same
           calmness
           and
           indifference
           ,
           as
           he
           hears
           a
           Sermon
           ,
           or
           reads
           a
           Chapter
           in
           the
           Bible
           upon
           this
           serious
           Argument
           .
        
         
           So
           that
           the
           advantage
           seems
           to
           be
           much
           on
           
           the
           side
           of
           the
           Apparition
           ;
           and
           the
           Proposal
           here
           made
           ,
           agreeable
           to
           the
           Common
           sense
           of
           Mankind
           .
        
         
           But
           how
           probable
           a
           course
           soever
           this
           seems
           to
           be
           ,
           yet
           our
           Saviour
           here
           determines
           on
           the
           contrary
           ,
           
             If
             they
             hear
             not
             Moses
             and
             the
             Prophets
             ,
             neither
             ,
          
           &c.
           
           Which
           Answer
           may
           be
           resolved
           into
           these
           Two
           parts
           .
        
         
           1.
           
           That
           the
           Arguments
           contained
           in
           the
           Scriptures
           ,
           are
           sufficient
           to
           persuade
           men
           to
           repent
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           When
           men
           disregard
           the
           Holy
           Scriptures
           ,
           (
           the
           ordinary
           means
           of
           Salvation
           )
           so
           as
           not
           to
           be
           persuaded
           to
           repent
           by
           the
           Arguments
           therein
           contained
           ,
           they
           will
           not
           be
           persuaded
           by
           means
           extraordinary
           ,
           and
           though
           ,
           for
           example
           ,
           
             one
             should
             rise
             from
             the
             dead
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             first
             of
             these
          
           ,
           viz.
           That
           the
           Arguments
           contained
           ,
           
             &c.
             is
             supposed
          
           ,
           ver
           .
           29.
           when
           Abraham
           saith
           ,
           they
           have
           Moses
           and
           the
           Prophets
           ,
           let
           them
           hear
           them
           :
           
             And
             this
             the
             other
             doth
             not
             deny
             .
          
        
         
           Now
           the
           chief
           Arguments
           relating
           to
           this
           Subject
           are
           briefly
           touched
           upon
           in
           this
           Parable
           ;
           which
           are
           these
           :
        
         
           1.
           
           That
           the
           Souls
           of
           men
           are
           Immortal
           ,
           This
           is
           implied
           when
           the
           Rich
           man
           and
           Lazarus
           are
           said
           to
           be
           in
           Being
           after
           they
           were
           dead
           ,
           
             ver
             .
             22.
          
           
        
         
         
           2.
           
           That
           the
           state
           into
           which
           the
           Souls
           of
           men
           are
           disposed
           after
           death
           ,
           is
           a
           state
           of
           recompence
           ,
           Abraham
           saith
           ,
           
             ver
             .
             25.
             
             He
             is
             comforted
             ,
             and
             thou
             art
             tormented
             .
          
        
         
           3.
           
           
             That
             that
             state
             of
             recompence
             is
             a
             state
             of
             unchangeable
             happiness
             to
             some
             ,
             and
             of
             endless
             misery
             to
             others
             ,
          
           ver
           .
           26.
           
           Between
           us
           and
           you
           there
           is
           a
           great
           gulph
           fixed
           ,
           so
           that
           they
           which
           would
           pass
           from
           hence
           to
           you
           
             [
             to
             relieve
             you
             ]
          
           ,
           cannot
           ;
           neither
           can
           they
           pass
           to
           us
           ,
           that
           would
           come
           from
           thence
           
             [
             for
             relief
             ]
          
           .
        
         
           4.
           
           
             That
             men
             are
             disposed
             to
             happiness
             or
             misery
             there
             ,
             according
             to
             their
             behaviour
             in
             this
             world
             ,
          
           ver
           .
           25.
           saith
           Abraham
           ,
           Son
           ,
           remember
           ,
           that
           thou
           in
           thy
           life-time
           receivedst
           thy
           good
           things
           ,
           and
           likewise
           Lazarus
           evil
           things
           ,
           but
           now
           he
           is
           comforted
           ,
           and
           thou
           art
           tormented
           .
        
         
           These
           are
           Considerations
           of
           such
           force
           and
           consequence
           ,
           that
           this
           miserable
           person
           desires
           not
           that
           Lazarus
           should
           be
           sent
           to
           argue
           upon
           them
           with
           his
           Five
           Brethren
           ,
           but
           to
           testify
           concerning
           their
           reality
           .
        
         
           Arguments
           they
           are
           of
           such
           force
           ,
           that
           he
           that
           will
           not
           by
           these
           be
           persuaded
           to
           repent
           ,
           will
           never
           be
           persuaded
           by
           any
           other
           .
           But
           though
           this
           be
           all
           granted
           to
           be
           true
           (
           as
           it
           's
           supposed
           )
           ,
           yet
           in
           his
           opinion
           ,
           as
           the
           case
           would
           
           admit
           further
           evidence
           ,
           so
           it
           seemed
           to
           need
           it
           ;
           and
           therefore
           if
           this
           extraordinary
           course
           were
           taken
           of
           sending
           one
           from
           the
           dead
           ,
           
             they
             would
          
           (
           in
           his
           opinion
           )
           certainly
           repent
           ,
           who
           with
           the
           ordinary
           means
           continue
           impenitent
           .
        
         
           This
           brings
           to
           the
           2d
           General
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           When
           men
           disregard
           the
           ordinary
           means
           of
           Salvation
           ,
           and
           are
           not
           to
           be
           persuaded
           to
           repent
           by
           the
           Arguments
           revealed
           in
           holy
           Scripture
           ,
           they
           will
           not
           be
           persuaded
           by
           means
           extraordinary
           ,
           and
           though
           one
           should
           come
           from
           the
           dead
           to
           persuade
           them
           .
        
         
           For
           the
           resolving
           of
           which
           point
           ,
           we
           are
           to
           consider
           what
           are
           the
           reasons
           why
           the
           ordinary
           means
           of
           Salvation
           ,
           such
           as
           the
           holy
           Scriptures
           are
           ,
           prove
           ineffectual
           ;
           which
           cannot
           be
           from
           the
           want
           of
           proper
           and
           forcible
           Arguments
           ;
           for
           whatever
           one
           from
           the
           dead
           can
           say
           to
           move
           or
           persuade
           ,
           is
           as
           plainly
           deliver'd
           in
           Scripture
           .
           He
           cannot
           more
           expresly
           tell
           them
           that
           there
           is
           a
           God
           ,
           that
           the
           Souls
           of
           men
           are
           Immortal
           ,
           that
           there
           is
           a
           Heaven
           and
           a
           Hell
           ,
           than
           the
           Scripture
           doth
           .
           And
           therefore
           if
           what
           is
           thus
           revealed
           ,
           and
           believed
           upon
           such
           Revelation
           ,
           should
           not
           prove
           as
           effectual
           ,
           as
           what
           is
           reported
           by
           a
           special
           Messenger
           from
           the
           dead
           ;
           it
           must
           be
           from
           some
           reasons
           which
           belong
           to
           the
           one
           ,
           and
           not
           
           to
           the
           other
           ;
           but
           that
           there
           is
           no
           ground
           for
           ;
           and
           therefore
           from
           whence
           can
           this
           proceed
           ,
           but
           from
           the
           excessive
           love
           to
           the
           things
           of
           this
           Life
           ,
           and
           the
           indulgence
           men
           give
           to
           themselves
           in
           the
           enjoyments
           of
           it
           ?
           Whence
           should
           this
           proceed
           but
           from
           the
           power
           of
           those
           Lusts
           and
           Vicious
           Habits
           they
           have
           contracted
           ?
        
         
           And
           where
           these
           and
           the
           like
           causes
           are
           ,
           a
           Messenger
           from
           the
           other
           world
           will
           make
           no
           stronger
           an
           impression
           ,
           nor
           will
           an
           impression
           thereby
           made
           ,
           be
           of
           any
           longer
           continuance
           ,
           than
           in
           the
           other
           case
           :
           But
           that
           he
           that
           will
           not
           be
           persuaded
           by
           Moses
           and
           the
           Prophets
           ,
           will
           not
           be
           persuaded
           though
           one
           come
           from
           the
           dead
           .
        
         
           And
           this
           I
           shall
           make
           good
           ,
        
         
           1.
           
           By
           parallel
           and
           sutable
           cases
           and
           instances
           .
        
         
           2
           By
           a
           particular
           inquiry
           into
           the
           causes
           of
           impenitence
           ,
           which
           will
           hold
           in
           one
           case
           as
           well
           as
           the
           other
           .
        
         
           1.
           
           By
           parallel
           cases
           .
        
         
           As
           ,
        
         
           (
           1.
           )
           If
           means
           as
           extraordinary
           ,
           and
           more
           extraordinary
           than
           the
           coming
           of
           one
           from
           the
           dead
           ,
           have
           failed
           in
           this
           point
           ,
           and
           not
           persuaded
           men
           to
           repentance
           ,
           we
           have
           as
           little
           reason
           
           to
           expect
           ,
           nor
           can
           it
           reasonably
           be
           presumed
           ,
           that
           the
           coming
           of
           one
           from
           the
           dead
           ,
           should
           persuade
           and
           become
           effectual
           .
        
         
           As
           for
           instance
           ;
           Let
           us
           consider
           the
           case
           of
           Pharaoh
           ,
           before
           whom
           such
           stupendious
           Miracles
           were
           wrought
           ,
           and
           upon
           whom
           such
           astonishing
           Judgments
           were
           inflicted
           ,
           as
           could
           not
           in
           reason
           be
           supposed
           resistible
           :
           When
           the
           Waters
           ,
           Earth
           ,
           and
           Air
           ,
           Beasts
           ,
           Fishes
           ,
           and
           Fruits
           of
           the
           Earth
           ,
           Men
           and
           Children
           ,
           either
           felt
           or
           were
           made
           the
           instruments
           of
           Divine
           Vengeance
           .
           Could
           it
           be
           thought
           that
           when
           the
           Waters
           were
           turned
           into
           Blood
           ,
           and
           Frogs
           covered
           the
           face
           of
           the
           Earth
           ,
           and
           the
           Dust
           of
           it
           was
           converted
           into
           Lice
           ,
           and
           the
           plague
           of
           Flies
           followed
           that
           of
           Lice
           ;
           and
           Murrain
           ,
           Flies
           ;
           and
           Boils
           ,
           the
           Murrain
           ;
           and
           Hail
           ,
           Boils
           ;
           and
           Locusts
           ,
           Hail
           ;
           and
           Darkness
           Locusts
           ;
           and
           the
           killing
           of
           the
           First-born
           ,
           the
           Darkness
           ;
           that
           he
           should
           yet
           be
           so
           obstinate
           as
           not
           to
           let
           the
           people
           of
           Israel
           go
           ;
           and
           when
           he
           did
           ,
           should
           follow
           them
           into
           the
           midst
           of
           the
           Sea
           ?
           Could
           disappointment
           ,
           vexation
           ,
           and
           revenge
           ,
           so
           far
           infatuate
           him
           ,
           that
           Miracle
           after
           Miracle
           ,
           Scourge
           upon
           Scourge
           ,
           could
           not
           persuade
           him
           ,
           nor
           the
           sense
           of
           so
           imminent
           a
           danger
           stop
           him
           in
           his
           carier
           ,
           but
           that
           he
           persisted
           in
           his
           first
           resolution
           ,
           
           and
           blinded
           thus
           with
           rage
           ,
           pursued
           it
           to
           his
           destruction
           ?
           
           Can
           it
           be
           supposed
           now
           ,
           that
           one
           from
           the
           dead
           could
           more
           have
           prevailed
           upon
           him
           than
           this
           Scene
           of
           Judgments
           ?
           Could
           it
           have
           come
           with
           so
           much
           terror
           ?
           Or
           if
           it
           should
           ,
           may
           not
           the
           Sinner
           be
           alike
           obstinate
           and
           infatuated
           ?
           May
           not
           the
           like
           passions
           and
           sensual
           affections
           ,
           or
           a
           habit
           of
           Sin
           ,
           keep
           a
           person
           from
           hearkening
           to
           ,
           or
           following
           the
           advice
           of
           one
           come
           from
           the
           dead
           ?
        
         
           Let
           us
           consider
           again
           ,
           how
           it
           was
           with
           the
           Israelites
           ,
           who
           had
           not
           only
           been
           Spectators
           of
           those
           Miracles
           and
           Judgments
           in
           Egypt
           ,
           but
           stood
           safe
           in
           the
           midst
           of
           them
           ;
           
           that
           were
           preserved
           ,
           
           directed
           ,
           and
           fed
           by
           a
           continued
           Series
           of
           Miracles
           ,
           and
           yet
           were
           not
           only
           upon
           every
           occasion
           tempting
           and
           provoking
           God
           by
           their
           distrust
           ,
           
           impatience
           and
           murmuring
           ,
           but
           were
           for
           returning
           into
           Egypt
           again
           .
        
         
           Thus
           it
           was
           also
           with
           their
           Posterity
           in
           our
           Saviour's
           time
           ,
           who
           notwithstanding
           the
           plain
           fulfilling
           of
           their
           ancient
           Prophesies
           in
           him
           ,
           notwithstanding
           the
           Innocency
           of
           his
           Life
           ,
           the
           Purity
           ,
           Sanctity
           ,
           and
           Evidence
           of
           his
           Doctrine
           ,
           the
           Power
           of
           his
           Miracles
           ,
           changing
           the
           course
           of
           Nature
           as
           he
           pleased
           ;
           healing
           the
           Sick
           ,
           opening
           the
           Eyes
           of
           such
           as
           were
           born
           blind
           ,
           casting
           
           out
           Devils
           ,
           and
           raising
           the
           Dead
           .
           Nay
           ,
           notwithstanding
           his
           Resurrection
           ,
           and
           the
           unquestionable
           confirmation
           of
           it
           ,
           yet
           continued
           obstinate
           and
           incredulous
           ,
           
           and
           what
           they
           could
           not
           deny
           ,
           would
           impute
           to
           Beelzebub
           .
        
         
           Now
           what
           comparison
           is
           there
           between
           the
           coming
           of
           one
           from
           the
           dead
           ,
           and
           this
           case
           ?
           Or
           what
           reason
           is
           there
           to
           conceive
           that
           a
           wicked
           Jew
           should
           have
           been
           more
           effectually
           reclaimed
           from
           a
           Vicious
           course
           of
           Life
           ,
           and
           be
           made
           a
           penitent
           by
           the
           coming
           of
           one
           from
           the
           dead
           ,
           than
           the
           Jewish
           Infidel
           should
           be
           made
           a
           Convert
           by
           all
           those
           numerous
           Miracles
           ,
           and
           become
           a
           Christian
           ?
           And
           why
           may
           not
           the
           one
           be
           as
           well
           impenitent
           ,
           as
           the
           other
           an
           Infidel
           ?
        
         
           2.
           
           It
           may
           be
           supposed
           in
           reason
           ,
           that
           what
           a
           person
           hears
           from
           another
           ,
           should
           in
           a
           matter
           of
           importance
           alike
           affect
           him
           in
           one
           case
           as
           in
           another
           :
           And
           if
           he
           is
           not
           persuaded
           by
           the
           one
           ,
           there
           is
           no
           reason
           to
           expect
           he
           should
           be
           prevailed
           upon
           by
           the
           other
           .
        
         
           Such
           indeed
           is
           the
           Testimony
           of
           one
           rising
           from
           the
           dead
           ,
           who
           must
           be
           acknowledged
           to
           be
           a
           very
           fit
           Evidence
           concerning
           the
           reality
           of
           a
           Future
           State
           ,
           and
           the
           condition
           of
           Separate
           Souls
           in
           it
           ,
           as
           he
           has
           been
           personally
           
           acquainted
           with
           it
           ,
           and
           had
           a
           part
           in
           it
           .
        
         
           But
           such
           also
           is
           the
           Testimony
           of
           a
           trembling
           Sinner
           ,
           that
           after
           a
           vicious
           course
           of
           Life
           ,
           entring
           upon
           the
           confines
           of
           death
           ,
           and
           expecting
           every
           moment
           to
           be
           snatched
           away
           by
           that
           inexorable
           Enemy
           ,
           feels
           now
           the
           anguish
           no
           less
           than
           he
           formerly
           relished
           the
           pleasures
           of
           his
           Sin
           ;
           that
           cries
           out
           in
           the
           bitterness
           of
           his
           Soul
           ,
           That
           he
           is
           sensible
           ,
           but
           he
           fears
           too
           late
           ,
           of
           his
           former
           folly
           :
           That
           he
           is
           now
           prey'd
           upon
           by
           a
           Thousand
           Vipers
           ,
           and
           feels
           a
           Hell
           in
           himself
           before
           he
           descends
           into
           it
           .
        
         
           And
           in
           this
           Agony
           calls
           upon
           all
           about
           him
           ,
           and
           the
           once
           Sworn
           Companions
           in
           his
           Vices
           ,
           to
           take
           warning
           by
           him
           ,
           and
           no
           longer
           to
           entertain
           themselves
           with
           the
           charms
           of
           those
           noxious
           pleasures
           he
           is
           now
           burdened
           with
           the
           guilt
           of
           ,
           and
           would
           not
           for
           a
           world
           repeat
           ,
           if
           he
           was
           to
           live
           his
           Life
           over
           again
           .
        
         
           Is
           not
           here
           a
           living
           and
           present
           Testimony
           ?
           And
           if
           one
           should
           come
           from
           the
           dead
           ,
           can
           he
           say
           more
           ,
           or
           can
           his
           Testimony
           be
           of
           greater
           force
           concerning
           the
           State
           he
           comes
           from
           ,
           than
           this
           of
           the
           awakened
           penitent
           ,
           if
           not
           despairing
           Sinner
           ,
           is
           ,
           concerning
           the
           Evil
           ,
           the
           Guilt
           ,
           and
           Terror
           of
           Sin
           ?
        
         
         
           And
           yet
           if
           this
           be
           not
           attended
           to
           ,
           or
           the
           force
           of
           it
           be
           soon
           carried
           off
           by
           a
           Glass
           of
           Wine
           ,
           and
           the
           charms
           of
           Company
           and
           Temptation
           ,
           or
           tract
           of
           Time
           ;
           Can
           it
           be
           supposed
           that
           the
           same
           Event
           may
           not
           happen
           to
           the
           other
           ?
           And
           will
           not
           the
           hardned
           and
           impenitent
           Sinner
           as
           much
           despise
           ,
           or
           as
           soon
           forget
           the
           admonitions
           of
           this
           ghostly
           Monitor
           ,
           as
           those
           of
           a
           dying
           desponding
           Friend
           ?
        
         
           3.
           
           It
           may
           be
           expected
           that
           what
           a
           person
           sees
           himself
           ,
           should
           more
           affect
           him
           ,
           than
           what
           he
           hears
           only
           by
           the
           report
           of
           others
           .
           And
           if
           what
           he
           sees
           ,
           (
           though
           in
           a
           matter
           of
           necessity
           and
           importance
           )
           makes
           little
           or
           no
           impression
           upon
           him
           ;
           how
           can
           it
           be
           supposed
           ,
           that
           what
           he
           hears
           only
           from
           another
           should
           affect
           him
           ?
           And
           this
           is
           the
           case
           :
           For
           if
           one
           came
           from
           the
           dead
           to
           bear
           witness
           to
           the
           truth
           of
           a
           Future
           State
           of
           recompence
           ,
           and
           of
           the
           misery
           of
           impenitent
           Souls
           in
           it
           ,
           it
           's
           only
           testimony
           and
           report
           ,
           and
           what
           can
           neither
           be
           of
           that
           certainty
           nor
           force
           ,
           as
           if
           the
           person
           to
           whom
           he
           comes
           upon
           this
           errand
           ,
           had
           himself
           been
           in
           that
           State.
           
        
         
           But
           now
           there
           are
           those
           things
           which
           a
           person
           sees
           ,
           and
           which
           should
           in
           reason
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           nature
           of
           the
           things
           ,
           as
           much
           move
           
           him
           ,
           as
           the
           Testimony
           of
           one
           coming
           from
           the
           dead
           .
        
         
           And
           of
           this
           kind
           is
           Death
           ,
           which
           we
           every
           day
           have
           in
           view
           ,
           and
           are
           no
           more
           secured
           against
           the
           very
           next
           moment
           ,
           than
           those
           that
           are
           already
           departed
           .
        
         
           The
           plain
           consequence
           of
           which
           is
           this
           ,
           That
           't
           is
           then
           our
           greatest
           wisdom
           so
           to
           order
           our selves
           and
           all
           our
           affairs
           ,
           that
           we
           may
           meet
           it
           withour
           surprize
           or
           terror
           ,
           and
           may
           live
           as
           we
           would
           wish
           we
           had
           done
           ,
           when
           that
           fatal
           hour
           doth
           approach
           .
        
         
           And
           yet
           if
           we
           take
           a
           view
           of
           Mankind
           ,
           we
           find
           them
           generally
           as
           secure
           ,
           as
           if
           they
           alone
           were
           immortal
           ;
           or
           as
           improvident
           ,
           as
           if
           they
           had
           death
           under
           such
           an
           obligation
           ,
           that
           it
           must
           give
           them
           time
           and
           leisure
           sufficient
           to
           put
           all
           things
           in
           order
           ,
           before
           it
           shall
           proceed
           to
           executeits
           Sentence
           .
        
         
           Now
           if
           in
           a
           matter
           so
           apparent
           ,
           sensible
           ,
           and
           certain
           ,
           there
           is
           so
           little
           ,
           where
           there
           ought
           to
           be
           the
           greatest
           concernment
           ,
           and
           Mankind
           is
           so
           difficultly
           moved
           ,
           that
           they
           either
           don't
           consider
           ,
           or
           the
           consideration
           of
           it
           makes
           them
           no
           wiser
           or
           better
           ;
           what
           reason
           is
           there
           to
           imagine
           ,
           that
           the
           testimony
           of
           another
           ,
           though
           it
           be
           one
           from
           the
           dead
           ,
           should
           make
           any
           lasting
           impression
           
           upon
           them
           ,
           and
           persuade
           them
           to
           repent
           ?
        
         
           4.
           
           What
           a
           person
           feels
           himself
           ,
           should
           in
           reason
           more
           affect
           him
           ,
           than
           what
           he
           hears
           or
           sees
           of
           others
           .
        
         
           And
           if
           what
           he
           himself
           feels
           makes
           little
           or
           no
           impression
           upon
           him
           ,
           't
           is
           not
           to
           be
           conceived
           ,
           that
           what
           he
           only
           sees
           or
           hears
           should
           move
           him
           .
        
         
           In
           confirmation
           of
           which
           ,
           we
           may
           reflect
           upon
           the
           common
           state
           and
           behaviour
           of
           Mankind
           ,
           in
           the
           Judgments
           and
           Afflictions
           that
           befal
           them
           ,
           the
           Dangers
           they
           are
           in
           ,
           the
           Terrors
           they
           are
           under
           .
           In
           which
           and
           the
           like
           cases
           ,
           we
           shall
           find
           them
           too
           often
           insensible
           and
           incorrigible
           ,
           or
           inconstant
           and
           unresolved
           .
        
         
           Sometimes
           they
           are
           insensible
           under
           the
           severest
           Judgments
           :
           As
           it
           was
           with
           Ahaz
           ,
           who
           for
           his
           Idolatry
           was
           delivered
           up
           to
           his
           Enemies
           ;
           On
           the
           East
           ,
           the
           King
           of
           Assyria
           ;
           on
           the
           North
           ,
           the
           King
           of
           Israel
           ;
           on
           the
           South
           ,
           the
           Edomite
           ;
           on
           the
           West
           ,
           the
           Philistines
           ,
           invade
           and
           spoil
           his
           Territories
           ;
           as
           we
           have
           it
           ,
           
             2
             Chron.
             28.
             5
             ,
             6
             ,
             17
             ,
             18.
             
          
        
         
           And
           yet
           when
           brought
           thus
           low
           for
           his
           Transgressions
           ,
           it
           's
           said
           of
           him
           ,
           
             In
             the
             time
             of
             his
             distress
             he
             trespassed
             yet
             more
             against
             the
             Lord
             ,
          
           ver
           .
           22.
           
        
         
         
           
             At
             other
             times
             ,
             if
             sensible
             ,
             yet
             they
             are
             inconstant
             ,
             and
             in
             the
             event
             prove
             incorrigible
             .
             As
             it
             was
             with
             the
          
           Israelites
           ,
           
             Psal.
             78.
             34
          
           ,
           &c.
           
           When
           he
           slew
           them
           ,
           then
           they
           sought
           him
           ,
           and
           enquired
           early
           after
           God
           ,
           &c.
           
           Nevertheless
           they
           did
           flatter
           him
           with
           their
           mouth
           ,
           &c.
           
           For
           their
           heart
           was
           not
           right
           with
           God
           ,
           neither
           were
           they
           stedfast
           in
           his
           covenant
           .
        
         
           Now
           can
           it
           be
           supposed
           that
           an
           Apparition
           of
           one
           from
           the
           dead
           should
           do
           more
           than
           these
           ;
           and
           that
           He
           should
           by
           that
           be
           disposed
           to
           repent
           ,
           whom
           the
           severest
           Judgments
           left
           impenitent
           ?
        
         
           Or
           suppose
           the
           Sinner
           terrified
           hereby
           ,
           and
           melted
           into
           an
           affectionate
           temper
           ;
           yet
           have
           we
           not
           examples
           of
           that
           kind
           every
           day
           ,
           of
           persons
           that
           after
           all
           the
           terrors
           they
           are
           under
           ,
           are
           set
           no
           nearer
           to
           a
           true
           repentance
           ;
           and
           though
           they
           seem
           for
           a
           while
           by
           some
           good
           resolutions
           to
           make
           towards
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           Heaven
           ,
           are
           
             never
             able
             to
             enter
          
           ,
           (
           as
           our
           Saviour
           expresses
           it
           )
           
             Luk.
             13.
             24.
          
           
        
         
           View
           we
           then
           a
           Sinner
           under
           the
           power
           of
           his
           convictions
           ,
           in
           the
           time
           of
           danger
           and
           distress
           ,
           when
           he
           has
           no
           way
           to
           escape
           .
        
         
           How
           terrified
           has
           he
           been
           in
           his
           own
           mind
           at
           the
           approaches
           of
           death
           !
           How
           Grave
           ,
           Solemn
           and
           Serious
           has
           it
           made
           him
           !
           How
           importunate
           
           has
           he
           been
           for
           Mercy
           ,
           and
           for
           some
           longer
           time
           to
           finish
           his
           Repentance
           !
           What
           Promises
           ,
           Resolutions
           ,
           and
           Vows
           has
           he
           made
           !
           What
           Imprecations
           has
           he
           wished
           upon
           himself
           ,
           if
           ever
           he
           should
           prove
           false
           to
           them
           ;
           and
           desired
           no
           mercy
           if
           ever
           he
           should
           break
           them
           !
           Lord
           ,
           will
           he
           say
           ,
           
             Spare
             me
             but
             this
             once
             ;
             try
             me
             but
             once
             more
             ,
             and
             then
             if
             I
             return
             to
             my
             former
             Sins
             ,
             or
             neglect
             to
             put
             my self
             into
             a
             capacity
             for
             thy
             favour
             and
             mercy
             ,
             let
             me
             never
             find
             it
             .
          
           As
           it
           was
           with
           Pharaoh
           ,
           who
           said
           to
           
             Moses
             ,
             Forgive
             my
             Sin
             only
             this
             once
             ,
             and
             intreat
             the
             Lord
             that
             he
             may
             take
             away
             from
             me
             this
             death
             only
             ,
          
           Exod.
           10.
           16.
           
        
         
           Now
           could
           the
           Apparition
           of
           one
           from
           the
           dead
           do
           more
           than
           this
           ?
           Can
           we
           suppose
           the
           Sinner
           more
           terrified
           ,
           more
           seriously
           concerned
           and
           resolved
           ,
           than
           when
           he
           had
           his
           own
           Conscience
           thus
           impartially
           representing
           the
           case
           to
           him
           ,
           and
           Almighty
           God
           awakening
           his
           Conscience
           by
           an
           extraordinary
           Providence
           ?
        
         
           And
           now
           let
           us
           consider
           the
           event
           of
           this
           ,
           and
           whether
           after
           this
           tender
           disposition
           of
           mind
           ,
           and
           seeming
           resolution
           ,
           he
           is
           a
           true
           Penitent
           ;
           or
           that
           ,
           in
           the
           Phrase
           of
           the
           Text
           ,
           
             he
             will
             repent
          
           ,
           and
           that
           this
           will
           necessarily
           be
           the
           issue
           of
           it
           .
        
         
           Suppose
           we
           then
           this
           Languishing
           person
           
           rescued
           out
           of
           the
           jaws
           of
           Death
           by
           a
           merciful
           Providence
           ,
           and
           put
           into
           the
           Condition
           of
           making
           a
           second
           tryal
           ,
           and
           of
           giving
           a
           proof
           of
           his
           thankfulness
           to
           God
           ,
           and
           of
           his
           fidelity
           to
           his
           Sick-bed
           Vows
           and
           Resolutions
           .
        
         
           Let
           us
           suppose
           him
           again
           breathing
           in
           a
           free
           Air
           ,
           and
           having
           all
           the
           inticing
           Objects
           afresh
           presented
           to
           him
           ,
           that
           he
           was
           before
           conversant
           with
           .
        
         
           Let
           us
           trace
           him
           along
           ,
           and
           we
           shall
           find
           him
           ,
           as
           the
           terror
           and
           sense
           of
           his
           danger
           wears
           off
           ,
           first
           covertly
           looking
           ,
           then
           remotely
           following
           ,
           at
           last
           overtaking
           and
           closing
           with
           the
           same
           temptations
           ;
           and
           perhaps
           plunging
           himself
           further
           into
           the
           same
           Licentious
           state
           than
           before
           .
        
         
           Grant
           we
           now
           that
           there
           is
           a
           just
           reason
           for
           the
           Sinner's
           terror
           ,
           if
           the
           Ghost
           of
           his
           Deceased
           Friend
           ,
           and
           the
           once
           inseparable
           Partner
           in
           his
           Vices
           ,
           should
           appear
           ,
           and
           plainly
           represent
           to
           him
           the
           desert
           of
           Sin
           in
           the
           Miseries
           of
           another
           Life
           ,
           and
           the
           certainty
           of
           his
           having
           a
           Portion
           in
           them
           without
           repentance
           .
           Grant
           we
           (
           and
           he
           must
           be
           a
           stone
           rather
           than
           a
           man
           ,
           whom
           it
           has
           no
           influence
           upon
           )
           that
           he
           is
           brought
           by
           it
           into
           the
           state
           of
           Belshazzar
           ,
           Dan.
           5.
           that
           his
           Countenance
           is
           changed
           ,
           and
           
           his
           Thoughts
           so
           
             trouble
             him
          
           ,
           that
           the
           
             joints
             of
             his
             Loins
          
           are
           unloosed
           ,
           and
           his
           
             Knees
             smite
             one
             against
             another
          
           .
           Yet
           still
           this
           may
           be
           ,
           and
           he
           be
           no
           true
           Penitent
           ,
           nor
           this
           prove
           a
           means
           effectual
           enough
           to
           reform
           him
           .
           For
           a
           man
           repents
           no
           further
           than
           his
           Will
           and
           Temper
           is
           changed
           ;
           and
           if
           these
           remain
           the
           same
           ,
           he
           no
           more
           repents
           to
           whom
           the
           dead
           has
           appeared
           (
           whatever
           terrors
           he
           may
           be
           under
           )
           than
           he
           that
           was
           upon
           the
           borders
           of
           Death
           :
           And
           he
           may
           and
           will
           as
           soon
           as
           he
           ,
           upon
           occasion
           ,
           repent
           of
           his
           repentance
           .
           So
           certainly
           true
           is
           that
           which
           was
           before
           observed
           ,
           That
           the
           causes
           which
           hinder
           men
           from
           being
           persuaded
           to
           repentance
           by
           the
           Arguments
           of
           Scripture
           ,
           will
           also
           keep
           them
           from
           being
           persuaded
           by
           means
           extraordinary
           ,
           such
           as
           the
           coming
           of
           one
           from
           the
           dead
           .
           And
           that
           the
           
             cares
             of
             this
             world
             ,
             and
             the
             deceitfulness
             of
             riches
             ,
          
           
           
             and
             the
             lusts
             of
             other
             things
             ,
          
           will
           as
           well
           render
           the
           extraordinary
           means
           ineffectual
           ,
           as
           
             choke
             the
             Word
          
           of
           God
           ,
           and
           make
           it
           unfruitful
           .
        
         
           Let
           God
           send
           all
           the
           Plagues
           of
           Egypt
           ,
           and
           yet
           Pharaoh
           will
           harden
           his
           heart
           :
           Let
           the
           Sea
           be
           divided
           ,
           and
           Manna
           rained
           from
           Heaven
           ,
           and
           Water
           break
           out
           of
           the
           Rock
           ,
           and
           the
           Water
           of
           the
           Rock
           follow
           them
           for
           40
           years
           
           together
           .
           
           Let
           them
           have
           a
           Cloud
           by
           Day
           ,
           and
           a
           Pillar
           of
           Fire
           by
           Night
           as
           their
           Guide
           ,
           and
           an
           Angel
           for
           their
           Safeguard
           ,
           and
           yet
           the
           Israelites
           will
           be
           tempting
           ,
           provoking
           ,
           and
           murmuring
           .
           Let
           one
           come
           
             and
             do
             the
             works
             which
             never
             man
             did
          
           ;
           give
           sight
           to
           the
           Blind
           ;
           feet
           to
           the
           Lame
           ;
           health
           to
           the
           Sick
           ;
           life
           to
           the
           Dead
           .
           Let
           the
           Sun
           be
           darkned
           ;
           the
           Rocks
           rend
           ;
           the
           Graves
           be
           opened
           ,
           and
           the
           Dead
           appear
           :
           Nay
           ,
           let
           him
           that
           did
           all
           this
           ,
           and
           for
           whose
           sake
           it
           was
           done
           ,
           rise
           again
           from
           the
           Dead
           ,
           and
           visibly
           ascend
           into
           Heaven
           ;
           yet
           the
           obstinate
           Jew
           will
           be
           incredulous
           .
           Let
           a
           Ghost
           appear
           ,
           and
           preach
           over
           the
           despised
           Doctrines
           of
           the
           Soul's
           Immortality
           ,
           and
           the
           reality
           of
           a
           Future
           State
           ,
           and
           of
           a
           Judgment
           to
           come
           ,
           and
           reinforce
           it
           from
           his
           own
           Knowledge
           and
           Experience
           ,
           and
           verify
           all
           this
           by
           his
           return
           from
           the
           Dead
           :
           And
           yet
           the
           Sinner
           ,
           the
           customary
           Sinner
           ,
           is
           not
           to
           be
           reclaimed
           ;
           who
           
             like
             the
             deaf
             Adder
             stops
             his
             ears
             against
             the
             voice
             of
             the
             charmer
             ,
             charm
             he
             never
          
           so
           powerfully
           and
           wisely
           ,
           Psal.
           58.
           5.
           
        
         
           It
           's
           then
           all
           one
           whether
           it
           be
           Moses
           and
           the
           Prophets
           ,
           Christ
           and
           the
           Apostles
           ,
           Revelation
           ,
           or
           the
           Resurrection
           of
           one
           from
           the
           Dead
           ,
           when
           the
           Temper
           is
           otherwise
           
           inclined
           :
           And
           if
           the
           Honours
           ,
           Profits
           ,
           Advantages
           ,
           and
           Pleasures
           of
           the
           world
           do
           render
           the
           one
           ,
           they
           will
           also
           render
           the
           other
           ineffectual
           .
           So
           true
           is
           that
           ,
           
             Wisd.
             4.
             12.
          
           that
           
             wickedness
             by
             bewitching
             ,
             obscureth
             the
             things
             that
             are
             good
          
           ;
           and
           will
           disarm
           all
           Arguments
           can
           be
           produced
           ,
           of
           their
           Force
           and
           Efficacy
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           I
           might
           further
           prove
           this
           ,
           by
           considering
           the
           reasons
           why
           Men
           don't
           believe
           and
           repent
           ,
           and
           the
           Excuses
           they
           make
           for
           delays
           in
           it
           ,
           which
           will
           as
           well
           frustrate
           the
           Testimony
           and
           Persuasions
           of
           one
           from
           the
           Dead
           ,
           as
           it
           doth
           the
           Arguments
           of
           Divine
           Revelation
           .
        
         
           (
           1.
           )
           The
           reasons
           have
           been
           partly
           shewed
           already
           ,
           and
           they
           are
           the
           prevalency
           of
           Corrupt
           Inclinations
           ;
           the
           Presence
           of
           Temptations
           ;
           the
           Habits
           of
           Vice
           ;
           or
           a
           Worldly
           Interest
           ;
           which
           are
           the
           usual
           Obstructions
           to
           Repentance
           ,
           and
           have
           a
           greater
           power
           over
           Men
           to
           detain
           them
           in
           Sin
           ,
           than
           all
           the
           Arguments
           of
           the
           Gospel
           ,
           and
           the
           Convictions
           of
           their
           own
           Minds
           ,
           have
           to
           reclaim
           them
           from
           it
           .
           We
           see
           that
           though
           they
           have
           Line
           upon
           Line
           ,
           the
           most
           powerful
           Motives
           in
           the
           World
           ,
           such
           threatnings
           as
           make
           them
           at
           some
           times
           with
           Foelix
           to
           tremble
           :
           
           Such
           comfortable
           Doctrines
           as
           make
           them
           at
           other
           times
           with
           Herod
           to
           
             hear
             
             gladly
          
           :
           
           Such
           moving
           and
           awakening
           considerations
           ,
           as
           bring
           them
           with
           Balaam
           to
           desire
           to
           dye
           ,
           
           and
           further
           than
           him
           ,
           to
           a
           desire
           to
           live
           the
           life
           of
           the
           Righteous
           ;
           yet
           they
           soon
           fail
           of
           their
           force
           ;
           and
           the
           Foelix
           was
           the
           Foelix
           that
           left
           his
           Preacher
           Paul
           in
           bonds
           :
           
           And
           the
           Balaam
           was
           the
           Balaam
           that
           as
           well
           took
           ,
           as
           he
           loved
           ,
           
           
             the
             wages
             of
             unrighteousness
          
           :
           And
           the
           Herod
           was
           the
           Herod
           that
           beheaded
           John
           Baptist
           whom
           he
           observed
           and
           heard
           with
           pleasure
           .
           
        
         
           For
           all
           these
           Passions
           are
           like
           Qualms
           that
           soon
           pass
           off
           ,
           and
           prevail
           not
           so
           far
           as
           to
           alter
           the
           Temper
           .
           And
           where
           persons
           are
           thus
           under
           the
           power
           of
           their
           Lusts
           ,
           they
           will
           continue
           in
           the
           same
           state
           ,
           if
           one
           came
           from
           the
           Dead
           to
           warn
           and
           reprove
           them
           .
           And
           therefore
           if
           John
           B.
           had
           rose
           from
           the
           Dead
           ,
           as
           Herod
           once
           imagined
           and
           believed
           ,
           
           it
           would
           no
           more
           have
           made
           him
           a
           true
           Penitent
           ,
           than
           the
           Preaching
           of
           that
           Holy
           Man
           did
           ,
           when
           alive
           ;
           as
           long
           as
           Herodias
           was
           by
           him
           to
           seduce
           him
           ,
           and
           he
           was
           contented
           to
           be
           seduced
           .
        
         
           (
           2.
           )
           The
           case
           is
           the
           same
           with
           persons
           in
           delaying
           heir
           Repentance
           ;
           and
           if
           the
           Excuse
           against
           the
           present
           necessity
           of
           it
           prevail
           in
           one
           case
           ,
           they
           will
           also
           prevail
           in
           the
           other
           .
           So
           that
           he
           that
           will
           not
           be
           persuaded
           to
           a
           present
           
           Repentance
           ,
           by
           the
           Arguments
           of
           the
           Gospel
           ,
           will
           not
           be
           persuaded
           by
           the
           Testimony
           and
           Admonition
           of
           one
           from
           the
           Dead
           .
        
         
           And
           upon
           the
           whole
           the
           Question
           is
           ,
           Whether
           a
           person
           may
           not
           reason
           the
           same
           way
           ,
           and
           as
           much
           to
           his
           own
           Delusion
           ,
           against
           the
           Testimony
           and
           Persuasions
           of
           one
           from
           the
           Dead
           ,
           as
           against
           the
           Authority
           and
           Arguments
           of
           Scripture
           ,
           and
           at
           last
           be
           as
           far
           from
           Repentance
           and
           a
           present
           Repentance
           ?
        
         
           And
           whether
           there
           is
           not
           reason
           to
           conclude
           ,
           That
           if
           these
           and
           the
           like
           Excuses
           prove
           sufficient
           to
           detain
           men
           in
           impenitency
           notwithstanding
           all
           the
           Arguments
           to
           the
           contrary
           ,
           contained
           in
           Scripture
           ;
           the
           same
           will
           not
           be
           of
           as
           much
           force
           ,
           and
           have
           as
           much
           influence
           upon
           the
           Sinner
           ,
           if
           one
           should
           come
           from
           the
           Dead
           to
           admonish
           him
           ?
        
         
           I
           am
           confident
           that
           this
           is
           not
           to
           be
           gainsaid
           .
        
         
           And
           so
           the
           Proposition
           before
           laid
           down
           remains
           good
           ,
           That
           the
           reasons
           for
           which
           persons
           give
           no
           heed
           to
           ,
           or
           are
           not
           persuaded
           by
           the
           Authority
           and
           Arguments
           of
           Scripture
           ,
           to
           believe
           and
           repent
           ,
           will
           keep
           them
           from
           giving
           heed
           to
           ,
           and
           being
           persuaded
           by
           the
           coming
           of
           one
           from
           the
           Dead
           .
        
         
         
           But
           this
           is
           a
           case
           I
           shall
           not
           further
           prosecute
           ;
           for
           it
           needs
           Consideration
           ,
           rather
           than
           Proof
           .
        
         
           I
           shall
           therefore
           close
           all
           with
           Three
           or
           Four
           Inferences
           .
        
         
           1.
           
           From
           hence
           I
           infer
           ,
           That
           there
           is
           no
           absolute
           need
           of
           any
           other
           course
           to
           be
           taken
           for
           the
           Conviction
           and
           Conversion
           of
           Sinners
           ,
           than
           what
           is
           already
           taken
           ;
           or
           that
           extraordinary
           means
           should
           be
           used
           ,
           where
           the
           ordinary
           are
           sufficient
           .
        
         
           If
           there
           be
           a
           Revelation
           ,
           which
           is
           believed
           certainly
           to
           be
           Divine
           ,
           and
           the
           Arguments
           contained
           in
           that
           Revelation
           are
           sufficient
           to
           persuade
           men
           to
           believe
           and
           repent
           ,
           Then
           there
           is
           no
           need
           of
           Miracles
           ,
           nor
           of
           a
           Voice
           from
           Heaven
           ,
           nor
           the
           Resurrection
           of
           one
           from
           the
           Dead
           .
           If
           there
           be
           impenitency
           with
           reason
           and
           proof
           sufficient
           to
           convince
           and
           persuade
           men
           ,
           there
           will
           be
           impenitency
           still
           ,
           with
           such
           proof
           as
           is
           more
           than
           sufficient
           .
           
             These
             things
             are
             written
             that
             ye
             might
             believe
             ,
          
           Joh.
           20.
           30.
           
           And
           consequently
           ,
           what
           is
           Written
           ,
           is
           sufficient
           to
           persuade
           us
           to
           a
           belief
           of
           what
           is
           Written
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           God
           is
           not
           bound
           to
           give
           ,
           nor
           can
           men
           in
           reason
           desire
           or
           expect
           ,
           that
           he
           should
           use
           
           an
           extraordinary
           course
           where
           the
           ordinary
           is
           sufficient
           ;
           and
           that
           one
           should
           rise
           from
           the
           Dead
           for
           their
           Conviction
           ,
           who
           have
           Moses
           and
           the
           Prophets
           ,
           Christ
           and
           the
           Apostles
           .
           It
           was
           the
           Temper
           of
           
             Thomas
             ,
             Except
             I
             shall
             see
             in
             his
             hands
             the
             print
             of
             the
             nails
             ,
             and
             thrust
             my
             hand
             into
             his
             side
             ,
             I
             will
             not
             believe
             ,
          
           Joh.
           20.
           25.
           
        
         
           
             This
             was
             the
             Temper
             of
             the
             incredulous
          
           Jews
           ,
           Let
           him
           come
           down
           from
           the
           cross
           ,
           and
           we
           will
           believe
           ,
           
             Matt.
             27.
             42.
             
             So
          
           Celsus
           
             the
             Heathen
             will
             have
             it
          
           ,
           If
           Christ
           were
           the
           Son
           of
           God
           ,
           that
           he
           should
           have
           been
           
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
          
           ,
           like
           the
           Sun
           ;
           
           
             and
             the
             miserable
             person
             here
             would
             have
          
           one
           rise
           from
           the
           dead
           .
        
         
           There
           will
           be
           no
           end
           if
           once
           we
           exceed
           the
           ordinary
           bounds
           ,
           and
           expect
           evidence
           beyond
           what
           is
           sufficient
           :
           For
           then
           men
           may
           require
           to
           be
           rapt
           up
           into
           Paradise
           ,
           
           as
           St.
           Paul
           was
           ;
           
           or
           
             to
             see
             the
             heavens
             opened
             ,
             and
             the
             Son
             of
             man
             standing
             on
             the
             right
             hand
             of
             God
             ,
          
           as
           did
           St.
           Stephen
           :
           Nay
           ,
           
           they
           may
           be
           as
           impertinent
           as
           Philip
           ,
           and
           say
           ,
           
             Shew
             us
             the
             Father
             ,
             and
             it
             sufficeth
             .
          
        
         
           3.
           
           We
           are
           bound
           to
           believe
           what
           we
           have
           sufficient
           evidence
           for
           ;
           and
           to
           repent
           when
           the
           Reasons
           and
           Motives
           to
           it
           are
           sufficient
           ,
           though
           we
           have
           not
           all
           the
           Evidence
           that
           may
           be
           given
           ,
           and
           that
           't
           is
           possible
           for
           God
           to
           give
           .
           
           'T
           is
           possible
           for
           God
           to
           send
           a
           Lazarus
           from
           the
           Dead
           ,
           to
           testify
           unto
           the
           impenitent
           ,
           concerning
           the
           certainty
           of
           
             a
             place
             of
             torment
          
           in
           the
           other
           World.
           
        
         
           And
           't
           is
           possible
           ,
           though
           not
           very
           probable
           ,
           (
           as
           I
           have
           shew'd
           )
           that
           may
           be
           a
           means
           to
           awaken
           such
           ,
           and
           bring
           Them
           to
           repentance
           ,
           whom
           the
           Doctrine
           of
           Divine
           Revelation
           ,
           and
           the
           Arguments
           of
           Scripture
           could
           not
           prevail
           upon
           .
           But
           that
           doth
           not
           lessen
           the
           Obligation
           of
           believing
           and
           doing
           according
           to
           Revelation
           ;
           and
           which
           without
           such
           further
           evidence
           is
           of
           it self
           sufficient
           for
           their
           Conversion
           .
        
         
           4.
           
           Those
           that
           have
           the
           Evidence
           of
           Divine
           Revelation
           ,
           and
           yet
           do
           not
           believe
           and
           repent
           according
           to
           that
           Revelation
           ,
           are
           wholly
           inexcusable
           ;
           
             They
             have
             Moses
             and
             the
             Prophets
             ,
          
           saith
           our
           Saviour
           ,
           
             let
             them
             hear
             them
          
           ;
           for
           that
           was
           sufficient
           ,
           and
           all
           that
           was
           necessary
           to
           bring
           them
           to
           Repentance
           here
           ,
           and
           Salvation
           hereafter
           .
           And
           if
           they
           that
           had
           Moses
           and
           the
           Prophets
           only
           ,
           were
           inexcusable
           ,
           what
           can
           those
           plead
           ,
           who
           have
           not
           only
           Moses
           and
           the
           Prophets
           ,
           but
           Christ
           and
           the
           Apostles
           ,
           who
           have
           brought
           
             life
             and
             immortality
             to
             light
             through
             the
             Gospel
             ?
          
           And
           who
           must
           therefore
           have
           so
           many
           
           more
           reasons
           against
           them
           ,
           as
           there
           are
           more
           for
           the
           confirmation
           of
           the
           Truth
           of
           our
           Religion
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           conviction
           of
           Unbelievers
           ,
           than
           there
           were
           under
           the
           Law
           :
           And
           therefore
           if
           any
           continue
           in
           a
           state
           of
           Unbelief
           and
           Impenitence
           under
           the
           Gospel
           ,
           
             it
             will
             be
             more
             tolerable
             for
             Sodom
             and
             Gomorrah
             in
             the
             day
             of
             Judgment
          
           than
           for
           them
           .
           If
           such
           do
           perish
           ,
           't
           is
           wholly
           from
           themselves
           :
           If
           such
           do
           perish
           ,
           't
           is
           not
           through
           want
           of
           Information
           sufficient
           to
           direct
           them
           ;
           not
           through
           want
           of
           Arguments
           powerful
           enough
           to
           convince
           them
           ;
           not
           through
           want
           of
           Authority
           sufficient
           to
           oblige
           them
           ;
           not
           through
           want
           of
           sufficient
           Grace
           to
           enable
           them
           ;
           not
           through
           want
           of
           Mercy
           in
           God
           ,
           or
           Merit
           in
           a
           Saviour
           ,
           or
           a
           Will
           ,
           Desire
           or
           Endeavour
           in
           both
           to
           save
           them
           ,
           but
           from
           themselves
           .
           And
           how
           just
           will
           then
           the
           Sentence
           of
           Condemnation
           be
           to
           such
           !
           How
           will
           all
           Pleas
           then
           be
           prevented
           !
           And
           how
           miserable
           must
           his
           case
           be
           ,
           that
           is
           Condemned
           by
           himself
           before
           he
           is
           Condemned
           by
           God!
           
        
         
           To
           conclude
           ,
        
         
           Here
           is
           Life
           and
           Death
           set
           before
           us
           ,
           in
           the
           most
           pressing
           Arguments
           ;
           the
           most
           powerful
           Motives
           ;
           the
           most
           persuasive
           invitations
           to
           Repentance
           .
           We
           have
           here
           proposed
           to
           us
           
           all
           that
           Moses
           and
           the
           Prophets
           ,
           Christ
           and
           the
           Apostles
           have
           said
           to
           convince
           us
           :
           And
           we
           have
           still
           ,
           through
           the
           Merciful
           Providence
           of
           God
           ,
           means
           to
           assist
           us
           in
           it
           ,
           and
           time
           and
           opportunity
           for
           the
           performance
           of
           it
           .
           But
           the
           time
           is
           coming
           ,
           and
           will
           most
           certainly
           come
           ,
           when
           ,
           if
           we
           have
           not
           before
           believed
           and
           repented
           ,
           Neither
           Moses
           nor
           the
           Prophets
           ,
           neither
           Abraham
           ,
           nor
           one
           
             greater
             than
             Abraham
          
           ,
           will
           or
           can
           relieve
           us
           .
           And
           therefore
           how
           necessary
           is
           it
           for
           all
           now
           to
           hearken
           to
           Moses
           and
           the
           Prophets
           ,
           to
           Christ
           and
           the
           Apostles
           ,
           in
           this
           their
           Day
           ?
           For
           if
           they
           now
           hear
           them
           not
           ,
           they
           can
           no
           more
           hereafter
           be
           saved
           ,
           than
           they
           would
           have
           been
           
             persuaded
             though
             one
             had
             rose
             from
             the
             dead
             .
          
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A66430-e180
           
             
               Irenaeus
               ,
               Origen
               ,
               Cyril
               ,
               Hierom
               ,
            
             think
             it
             not
             a
             Parable
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
          
           
             Mat.
             15.
             27.
             
          
           
             Matt.
             22.
             23.
             
          
           
             Acts
             23.
             8.
             
          
           
             *
             Vos
             quaeritis
             an
             Immortales
             animae
             sint
             .
             Ego
             jam
             sciam
             .
          
           
             †
             Si
             quid
             Explorasset
             ,
             circumiturum
             amicos
             ,
             &
             indicaturum
             ,
             qui
             esset
             animarum
             status
             .
             De
             Tranquil
             .
             c.
             14.
             
          
           
             *
             Plus
             ut
             puto
             haberet
             fidei
             apud
             to
             ,
             si
             quis
             revixisset
             ,
             &
             in
             morte
             nihil
             mali
             esse
             narraret
             Expertus
             .
             
               Epist.
               30.
            
             
          
           
             De
             Rep.
             l.
             10.
             
          
           
             Exod.
             7.
             8
             ,
             9
             ,
             10.
             
          
           
             Deut.
             1.
             32.
             
          
           
             Psal.
             78.
             22.
             32.
             56.
             106.
             24.
             
          
           
             Nehem.
             9.
             16.
             
          
           
             Mat.
             12.
             13.
             
          
           
             Mark
             4.
             19.
             
          
           
             1
             Cor.
             10.
             4.
             
          
           
             Acts
             24.
             25.
             
          
           
             Mark
             6.
             20.
             
          
           
             Numb
             .
             23.
             10.
             
          
           
             Acts
             24.
             27.
             
          
           
             Numb
             .
             31.
             16.
             
          
           
             2
             Pet.
             2.
             15.
             
          
           
             Matt.
             14.
             2.
             
          
           
             Origen
             ,
             l.
             2.
             
          
           
             2
             Cor.
             12.
             4.
             
          
           
             Acts
             7.
             56.
             
          
           
             John
             14.
             8.