FAMILY MEDICINE VOL. XX, NO. X • XXXX 2020 257 EDITORIAL T he year 2020 has been marked by his- toric protests across the United States and the globe sparked by the deaths of George Floyd, Ahmaud Arbery, Breonna Tay- lor, and so many other Black people. The pro- tests heightened awareness of racism as a public health crisis and triggered an antira- cism movement. Racism is a pervasive and sys- temic issue that has profound adverse effects on health.1,2 Racism is associated with poorer mental and physical health outcomes and neg- ative patient experiences in the health care system.3,4 As evidenced by the current coro- navirus pandemic, race is a sociopolitical con- struct that continues to disadvantage Black, Latinx, Indigenous and other People of Col- or.5,6,7,8 The association between racism and adverse health outcomes has been discussed for decades in the medical literature, including the family medicine literature. Today there is a renewed call to action for family medicine, a specialty that emerged as a counterculture to reform mainstream medicine,9 to both con- front systemic racism and eliminate health dis- parities. This effort will require collaboration, commitment, education, and transformative conversations around racism, health inequity, and advocacy so that we can better serve our patients and our communities. The editors of several North American fami- ly medicine publications have come together to address this call to action and share resources on racism across our readerships. We acknowl- edge those members of the family medicine scholar community who have been fighting for equity consistent with the Black Lives Mat- ter movement by writing about racism, health inequities, and personal experiences of prac- ticing as Black family physicians. While we recognize that much more work is needed, we want to amplify these voices. We have com- piled a bibliography of scholarship generat- ed by the family medicine community on the topic of racism in medicine. The collection can be accessed here: https://www.annfammed.org/ content/shared-bibliography-systemic-racism- and-health-disparities While this list is likely not complete, it does include over 250 published manuscripts and demonstrates expertise as well as a commit- ment to addressing these complex issues. For example, in 2016, Dr J. Nwando Olayiwola, chair of the Department of Family Medicine at Ohio State University, wrote an essay on her experiences taking care of patients as a Black family physician.10 In January of 2019, Fam- ily Medicine published an entire issue devoted Systemic Racism and Health Disparities: A Statement From Editors of Family Medicine Journals Sumi M. Sexton, MD; Caroline R. Richardson, MD; Sarina B. Schrager, MD, MS; Marjorie A. Bowman, MD; John Hickner, MD, MSc; Christopher P. Morley, PhD, MA; Timothy F. Mott, MD; Nicholas Pimlott, MD, PhD; John W. Saultz, MD; Barry D. Weiss, MD (Fam Med. 20XX;5X(X):pp-pp.) doi: 10.22454/FamMed.2020.805215 Published Online First October 15, 2020 From American Family Physician (Dr Sexton); Annals of Family Medicine (Dr Richardson); FPM (Dr Schrager); Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine (Dr Bowman); The Journal of Family Practice (Dr Hickner); PRiMER (Dr Morley); FPIN/Evidence Based Practice (Dr Mott); Canadian Family Physician (Dr Pimlott); Family Medicine (Dr Saultz); and FP Essentials (Dr Weiss). 258 XXXX 2020 • VOL. XX, NO. X FAMILY MEDICINE EDITORIAL to racism in education and training.11 Dr Ed- uardo Medina, a family physician and pub- lic health scholar, coauthored a call to action in 2016 for health professionals to dismantle structural racism and support Black lives to achieve health equity. His recent 2020 article builds on that theme and describes the dis- proportionate deaths of Black people due to racial injustice and the COVID-19 pandemic as converging public health emergencies.12,13 In the wake of these emergencies a fundamental transformation is warranted, and family phy- sicians can play a key role. We, the editors of family medicine journals, commit to actively examine the effects of rac- ism on society and health and to take action to eliminate structural racism in our editorial processes. As an intellectual home for our pro- fession, we have a unique responsibility and opportunity to educate and continue the con- versation about institutional racism, health in- equities, and antiracism in medicine. We will take immediate steps to enact tangible advanc- es on these fronts. We will encourage and men- tor authors from groups underrepresented in medicine. We will ensure that content includes an emphasis on cultural humility, diversity and inclusion, implicit bias, and the impact of racism on medicine and health. We will recruit editors and editorial board members from groups underrepresented in medicine. We will encourage collaboration and accountabil- ity within our specialty to confront systemic racism through content and processes in all of our individual publications. We recognize that these are small steps in an ongoing pro- cess of active antiracism, but we believe these steps are crucial. As editors in family medicine, we are committed to progress toward equity and justice. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: The authors thank Renee Crichlow, MD, Byron Jasper, MD, MPH, and Victoria Murrain, DO for their insightful comments on this editorial. References 1. Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Understanding and Eliminating Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care, Smedley BD, Stith AY, Nelson AR, eds. Unequal treatment: confronting racial and ethnic disparities in health care. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2003. 2. Bailey ZD, Krieger N, Agénor M, Graves J, Linos N, Bassett MT. Structural racism and health inequities in the USA: evidence and interventions. Lancet. 2017;389(10077):1453- 1463. 3. Ben J, Cormack D, Harris R, Paradies Y. Racism and health service utilisation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2017;12(12):e0189900. 4. Paradies Y, Ben J, Denson N, et al. Racism as a determinant of health: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2015;10(9):e0138511. 5. American Academy of Family Physicians. Institutional rac- ism in the health care system. Published 2019. Accessed Sept. 15, 2020. https://www.aafp.org/about/policies/all/insti- tutional-racism.html 6. Yaya S, Yeboah H, Charles CH, Otu A, Labonte R. Ethnic and racial disparities in COVID-19-related deaths: counting the trees, hiding the forest. BMJ Glob Health. 2020;5(6):e002913. 7. Egede LE, Walker RJ. Structural Racism, Social Risk Factors, and Covid-19 - A Dangerous Convergence for Black Americans. [published online ahead of print, 2020 Jul 22]. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(12):e77. 8. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Health equity considerations and racial and ethnic minority groups. Up- dated July 24, 2020. Accessed Sept. 15, 2020. https://www. cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/community/health-equity/ race-ethnicity.html 9. Stephens GG. Family medicine as counterculture. Fam Med. 1989;21(2):103-109. 10. Olayiwola JN. Racism in medicine: shifting the power. Ann Fam Med. 2016;14(3):267-269. . 11. Saultz J, ed. Racism. Fam Med. 2019;51(1, theme issue):1-66. 12. Hardeman RR, Medina EM, Kozhimannil KB. Structural racism and supporting black lives - the role of health profes- sionals. N Engl J Med. 2016;375(22):2113-2115. 13. Hardeman RR, Medina EM, Boyd RW. Stolen Breaths. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(3):197-199. Simultaneously published in American Family Physician, Annals of Family Medicine, Canadian Family Physician, Family Medicine, FP Essentials, FPIN/Evidence Based Practice, FPM, Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine, The Journal of Family Practice, and PRiMER.