All writers on the West Indies agree in admiring the natural beauties of Jamaica. Bryan Edwards, who re- sided many years in the island, is enthusiastic in praise of its varied loveliness of scenery; and, speaking of the Northside on approaching St. Ann's, seaward, says:- “ The whole scenery is indeed superlatively fine, nor can words alone convey a just idea of it. Every valley has its rivulet, and every hill its cascade. In one point of view, where the rocks overhang the ocean, no less than eight transparent waterfalls are beheld at the same mo- ment;" and speaking of the Southside-“when I first ap- proached this side of the island by sea, and beheld, from afar, such of the stupendous and soaring ridges of the Blue Mountains as the clouds here and there disclosed, the imagination (forming an indistinct but awful idea of what was concealed, by what was partially displayed) was filled with admiration and wonder.” James Stewart, Esq., in his “ View of Jamaica," writes—“ There is no island in the West Indies so diversified in its surface as Jamaica. Its mountains, its precipitous rocks, its count- less hills, valleys, and glades—its lofty, rugged, and abrupt ascents—its deep ravines, caverns, and cockpits- its thick planted majestic woods—its numerous rivers, cascades, and mountain streams, dashing through this wilderness of nature, give to the interior a diversity and grandeur of appearance not to be found, perhaps, in any other island of similar extent.” The rivers of Jamaica, of which there are about forty, varying in breadth from seventy to eighty feet, contain abundance of most delicious fish; and even in the smaller streams and springs, which are innumerable, the crayfish or jongher, is mostly found: yet abundantly as the island is supplied with water generally, in some parts of St. Ann's the pen-keepers are obliged to rely on their ponds to water their cattle; and in districts of Manchester, tanks contain the chief, and sometimes only supply. There are many magnificent caves in the island; one near Dry Har- bour, is very extensive, containing sundry specimens of Stalactites, with vast columns of the same, the whole hav- ing a cathedral-like appearance. There was one disco- vered some years ago, there is another at Pedro Bluff, where a large quantity of human bones are strewed about. During the last rebellion, a cave was found on Cow Park, that had been for years a refuge for runaway 15 From Lucea proceed on to Green Island, 12 miles; from whence cross the conntry to Savanna-la-Mar, in West- moreland,* over very heavy roads at all times, but during rainy seasons almost impassable. The distance by the post road is nearly 30 miles. Savanna-la-Mar has a good harbour, church, court house, and excellent free school. The principal street is the finest of any of our country towns, running at right angles with the sea, of great breadth, and nearly one mile in length. A river, called the Cabarita, empties itself into the harbour; it is navigable for many miles, and the produce of three or four fine sugar estates is annually sent down in bungies to the shipping or wharves. It has a sandy bar which prevents keeled- boats from passing up. There are two roads from Savanna-la-Mar to Black-River, the one on the seaside, the other turns up the hill at Bluefields : follow the post road by Robin's river-a little further on from which • The line of the parish is the Great River, in the interior, tendant-a Major James-to whom the entire body were devotedly attached.- The first circumstance might not perhaps have created any ill feelings in the in the hearts of the Maroons, had not the punishment been inflicted by the hand of a slave driver. The dignity of the Maroons was hurt. Looking down as they did with scorn and contempt on the slaves, it was more, they said, than they would submit to. to be flogged by one of the race. They complained to the House of Assembly of the insult which had been offered to them, in the disgrace of two of their body. The House promised to make the necessary enquiries, and steps were accordingly taken to that end, when, goaded on by a few turbulent spirits among them, and rendered heedless of all consequences, the Maroons threw off their subjection to the governinent, and openly pro- claimed hostilities. This was quickly followed up by an attack on a party of white persons, and in the course of a few weeks, the insurrection swelled to so great an extent, as to call for the adoption of prompt and vigorous measures on the part of the Executive to subdue it. Our limits do not admit of a succint detail of the occurrences which followed the outbreak of this terrible insurrection. The facts are such as may be readily surmised by all who are in the slightest degree acquainted with the character of the semi-barbarous and warlike race the Maroons were repre. sented to have been. It suffices to say, that the government finally succeeded, after a struggle of some months duration, in putting down the rebellion, an event which was brought about by the timely aiil of the Chasseurs and bloodhounds im. ported from Cuba, and the powerful assistance rendered to the government hy the Windward Maroons, who remained true to their allegiance and declared against their brethren of Trelawny. It may be necessary to adıl, that the blood- hounds were never actually employed against the insurgent Maroons ; the mere presence of the animals in the island occasioned so much terror and consterng- tion among the rebels, as induced them to lay down their arms and submit to the power of the government. On the 27th April, 1797, the whole of the Trelawny Maroons, amounting to upwards of five hundred individuals, were shipped from the island to Nova Scotia, whence, the climate proving fatal to their constitutions, they were rub. sequently sent to Sierra Leone, 21 * From Port-Varia to Kingston there are two roads, one by the way of Castle Green or Leinster, and over Stoney Hill, the other through St. Thomas in the Vale, the Bog Walk, and Spanish Town. But our tour would not be complete without going on to St. Ann's, 30 miles of sea-side road, (rather good) by Ocho Rios. On the road from the latter place to St. Ann's Bay, is the romantic cascade of the Roaring River, over which a bridge is built. The scenery is very grand. There is also a beautiful cascade up the White River, near Industry. St. Ann's Bay is the chief town of this parish. Has a good harbour, a church and court house, which, how- ever, are under one roof. The return from hence is, as described before, over Mount Diablo, and so, by Bog Walk and Spanish-Town, home. Not coming within our route, we did not pass through the Parish of Vere, which becomes interesting on account of its mineral bath, an institution supported principally by government, and accessible to all invalids, by obtaining an order from a director. The chief town is called the Alley, where are the church, court house, &c. There is also a free school in Vere. Having now conducted the traveller round the island, we will conclude with a few general remarks. Few, comparatively speaking, of the beauties of Jamaica can be been by a simple drive round the island. The tourist, to have a proper idea of the nature of the country, must hire saddle horses and thread the intricacies of the hills and mountains. To give advice as to the districts most worthy of visiting is superfluous, where all is deserving of notice. Yet the pass of the Cunha Cunha's, between St. Thomas in the East and the north side, is truly romantic, and the opportunity thus offers of returning by the Portland Gap. There is scarcely any part of the island that does not afford some new feature to be admired, and perhaps more parti. cularly the interior of the midland parishes. The few cataracts we have mentioned nominally, are but a thousandth of the number to be found in this island ; not a river, and scarcely a stream, but at its source, or along its wandering course, rushes wildly through the tangled brake, and pre- cipitates itself over some rugged ledge, and ere its eddies have subsided, down, down again, boiling, to a lower level, until it flows into the sea. In Trelawny, not far from “Freeman's Hall,” is Mouth 37 LAND SHELLS OF JAMAICA CONTINUED. $ 3. 257. B. macrospira Ad. 230. A. pellucens Ad. 231. A. levis Ad. 232. A. micans Ad, 233. A. iota Ad. 234. A. octona Chem. 235. A. striosa Ad. SPIRAXIS. 236, S. costulosa Ad. 237, S, inusitata (Achati- . na) Ad. 238. S. mirabilis (Bulimus) Ad. 239. S. anomala (Achatina) Ad. 240, S. brevis Ad. 241. S. aberrans (Achatina) Pfr. a. var. unicolor Ad. BULIMUS. $ 1. 242. B. minimus Ad. 243. B. striatellus Ad. 244. B. terebella Ad 245. B. pauperculus Ad. 246. B. hortensis Ad. 247. B. octonoides Ad. 248. B. pallidus Ad. 249. B. monodon. Ad. 250. B. nitidiusculus Ad. 251. B. subula Pfr. Syn. B. procerus Ad 252. B. læviusculus A PUPA. $1. 258. P. exilis Ad. $2. 259. P. fallax () Say. . 260. P. lata. Ad. 261. P. contracta (3) Say. 262. P. tenuidens Ad. 263. P. hexodon Ad. 264. P. servilis Gould. 265. P. Jamaicensis Ad. $ 3. 266. P. striatella (1) Ptr. SUCCINEA. 267. S. augustior Ad.. 268. S. Sagra (1) Orb. : , 269. S. latior Ád. 270. S. contorta Ad. HELIX. 3 1. 271. H. Martiniana Pfr. 272. H. peracutissima Ad. 273. H. soror Fer. 274. Hº cara Ad. var, media Ad. var. amabilis Ad. 275. H. Chittyana Ad: 276. H. patina Ad. var, nobilis Ad. 277. H. fluctuata Ad. 278. H. ingens Ad.: . var. imperforala Ad. . var, indigua Ad. a. 253. B. rufescens Gray 254. B. erubescens Pfr. 255. B. immaculatus Ad. B. fulvis Ad. 256. B. zebra Mull. Sya. B. undatus Brug Docinhos 42 with some others; and with them we find numerous her- baceous plants, particularly Capparis breynia Jamaicencis » cynophallophora Croton linearis Bursera gummifera, West-Indian Birch, &c. In the more seasonable parts of the lowlands, particu- larly after rains, we find the ground covered with the beau- tiful yellow blossoms of the Tribulus maximus Turkey-blossom u decolor Smaller Turkey-blossom Sida Jamaicencis Common Broom-weed trivialis Wayside Broom-weed ciliaris Procumbent Broom-weed erecta Great Broom-weed ruderata Rank Broom-weed arguta Sharp-leaved Broom-weed althæifolia Mallow-leaved Broom-weed urens Stinging Broom-weed capillaris Capillary panicled Broom-weed nervosa Clammy Broom-weed » viscosa, and several other species Oleome heptaphylla 7 Leaved bastard Mustard » procumbens Thorny bastard Mustard " polygama Polygamus bastard Mustard Gynandropsis pentaphylla 5 Leaved bastard Mustard Evolvulus numilarifolus The Pens are covered with great varieties of Convolvu- lus and Ipomæ, as also various species of Echites or Nightshade. On dry banks we find several species of Blētia, as also, occasionally, the scarlet spikes of a beauti- ful species of Neotia. Where the ground is damp we occasionally meet with the rare Acalypha reptans, Chrysanthellum procumbens, &c. &c. The most conspicuous trees and shrubs we find inhabit- ing the lowlands are Hæmatoxylon Campechianum Logwood Brya ebenus Ebony Guaiacum officinale Lignumvitæ 45 A BRIEF ACCOUNT OF THE ORIGIN AND HABITS OF THE OLD BOUCANIERS. The following account of the origin and babits of the old Boucaniers, commonly known as Buccaneers, is gleaned from various records of French and Spanish writers; and on account of the traditionary interest even still attached in Jamaica to those wild roaming men, it is hoped a true history of them may prove amusing and instructive to our readers] :- The Spaniards had not been long in the possession of the West-Indies and the continent of America, when other nations, especially the English and French, began to fol- low them there. But although the Spaniards were unable to people such extensive countries themselves, they were resolved that no others should do it for them, and there fore made a most cruel war on all those of any other nation who attempted to settle on any of the Antilles or Carib- bean Islands. The French, however, were at last lucky enough to acquire some footing on the island of St. Chris topher ; but by the time they began to subside into a regular form of government, the Spaniards found means to dislodge them. Upon this, the wretched survivors-consi- dering at how great a distance they were from theit mother country, and how near to the island of Hispaniola or St. Dɔmingo, the northern parts of which were then un- inhabited, and full of swine and black cattle-imme- diately resolved to take possession of that country, in con- junction with several other adventurers of their own and the English nation; especially as the Dutch, who now began to appear in these seas, promised to supply them plentifully with all kinds of necessaries they might require, in exchange for their hides and tallow. These new settlers obtained the name of Boucaniers from their custom of boticaning their beef and pork, in order to keep it for sale, the method of which will be presently described. But some of them soon got tired of this new mode of life, and took to plant ing, while many more turned pirates, trusting to find among those who remained on shore, a quick sale for all the plunder they could take at sea. This new body of adventurers were called Flibustiers or Freebooters, from their making free prey or booty of whatever came in their way. The colony now began to thrive at a great rate, by the cheap and easy manner in which the Freebooters acquired the greatest riches, and the profusion with which they distributed them among their old companions, the 62 ORDER GYRANTES. HABITAT. Shaded River- Family Columbadæ– White Belly courses Ground Dove Lowlands Mountain Witch Upland Woods and Forests Partridge Dove Ferry and the 1 Lowlands ORDER GRALLE. HABITAT., Charidriadæ-Short-billed Plor ver Kildier ditto Ferry and most Ring ditto { marsh grounds, Golden ditto and boggy lands Squatting ditto Turnstone ditto olopacidæ-Little Sand Piper Bar-tailed ditto Yellow Shanks Ferry, Salt Ponds Gambet Bar-flanked ditto and river-cour. Snipe ses, and along the sea-shore Sanderling Willet Little Woodcock Rallidæ-Clucking Hen Mangrove ditto Water Partridge Marshes of the Carolina Rail Ferry and Salt Minute Craik Ponds, and else- » where Sultana » Roseate Stilb » HABITAT. ORDER ANSERES. Anatidæ-Red Flamingo Black-billed Whist- ling Duck Red-billed ditto ditto Green-backed Mal- lard Dusky Duck Common Mallard Ponds at Ferry and Salt Ponds, and other marsh lands and rivers in other parishes ARNABOLDI'S IMPROVED THERMOMETER, FOR ASCERTAINING THE ALTITUDE OF MOUNTAINS. Value in feet of each degree and degree. Boiling Point of Water. Total altitude in feet from 30.00 in, or the sea's level. 212 211.50 211.0 210 50 210.0 209.50 209.0 208.50 208.0 207.50 207 0 206.50 206.0 205.50 205.0 204 50 204.0 203.50 203.0 202.50 202.0 201.50 201.0 200.50 200.0 199,50 199.0 198 50 198.0 197,50 197.0 196.50 196.0 195.50 195.0 194.50 1940 193.50 193.0 192.50 192.0 191.50 191.0 190.50 190.0 509 254.50 511 255.50 513 256.50 515 257.50 517 259.50 519 259.50 522 261 524 202 526 263 528 264 531 265,50 533 266.50 531 268 538 269 541 270.50 543 271.50 546 273 548 274 551 275.50 553 276.50 556 278 558 5982.50 254.50 6250.0 509.00 6518.0 764.50 6786.0 1021.00 7055.0 1277.50 7324,0 1534.00 7594,50 1791.50 7864.0 2049 00 8135.50 2307.50 8407.0 2566.00 8680 O 2825.50 8953.0 3085.0 9227.0. 3346.0 9502.0 3607.0 9777.50 3869.0 10053.0 41310 10884.0 4391.0 10606.0 4657.0 11440.0 4921.0 11161.0 5185.0 11990.0 5450.50 11719.0 5716.0 279 560 The accompanying sketch shews the figure and arrangement of the Mountain Thermome- ter improved by Mr. G. ARNABOLDI: а is the Thermometrical Scale, each degree subdi- vided into four parts ; 6, the Sliding Index ; C, the Aperture to give admission to the Thermometer ; d, a vent for the escape of steam ; and e, the Lamp to boil the Water. Before using the Thermometer it will be necessary to ascertain if the Boiling Point agrees with the level of the sea. The whole operation may be performed in a , few minutes. The closest proximate elevation of mountains may be readily ascertained by means of this simple instrument, which further recommends itself, in cases where great accuracy and precision are not required, by its portability, its cheapness, its freedom from accidental derangement, to which the more costly instruments are so liable, and by the facility with which the most inexperienced person may apply it to the purpose for which it is intended, KIDR.SC le /Inny Improved Double Saccharometers, with Thermometer attached Sykes's Improved Hydrometers, in mahogany case Glass Bubbles of all numbers and different colors, to 80° Glass Hydrometers, in tin cases Baume's Scales, and Cartier's Syrup Saccharometers, with ivory and paper scales. Marine Compasses. Quadrants and Sextants. Terrestrial and Celestial Globes. Newtonian Globes. Sand Glasses, from 14 seconds to 1 hour. SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS, Patent Enemas ; Poison, Cylindrical, and Reservoir ditto; Metal Syringes ; Glass ditto, male and female; Am- putating Knives; Gutta Percha and Wax Bougies ; Silver and Gutta Percha Catheters ; Speculum Va- ginæ; Forceps; Single and double Trusses ; Scarifi- cators; Hull's Uteri-abdominal Supporters; India Rubber Knee Caps ; Elastic Stockings for varicose veins ; Cotton and Silk Suspenders ; Eye Scissors ; Splints; Patent Cork Nipples; Improved Breast Pumps; Cases_Cupping Instruments; Spare Cup- ping Glasses ; Urinometers with Thermometers and test tubes ; Lancets ; Scalpels ; Probe Directors; Scissors for fistulas; Stethoscopes; Artificial Leeches; Surgeons' Needles ; Duffin's Pessaries ; Dentists' In- struments, in neat portable cases; Respirators; Ear Trumpets; and Electro Galvanic Machines, with many other Instruments of minor importance, all of Messrs. Weiss & Son's manufacture. Mr. ARNABOLDI who is the only agent for the sale of Messrs. Weiss's instruments in Jamaica, is prepared to import to the order of medical gentlemen, any of Messrs. W's. instruments not specified above. CUTLERY. Table and Dessert Knives and Forks, and Knife Sharpeners Razors. Pen-makers. Penknives, from 1s 6d to 10s each Garden Knives. Pruning Knives Tailers’ Cutting Out, Nail, and Button Hole Scissors Tweezers, &c. &c. All of J. Rodgers & Son's manufacture 78 PERFUMERY, 20. A very extensive assortment of French manufacture, con- sisting, for the most part, of a large variety of Bou- quets and Esprits, and Pomades, and Hair Oils, in plain and fancy Bohemian cut glass bottles and China pots; Tooth Powder and Paste, Hair Dyes; Shaving Creams; Fancy and Brown Windsor Soaps; Hen- drie's Moelline; Aromatic Vinegar ; with a large quantity of the best (Prince's) EAU DE COLOGNE, in half pints, pint and quart bottles, &c. &c. &c. Dressing, Small Tooth, and Side Combs, in Tortoiseshell, Horn, and Ivory Hair, Nail, Tooth, Clothes, and Shoe Brushes, Razor Strops. ELECTRO PLATE & BRITANNIA METAL WARES. ELECTRO PLATE. Breakfast Services, four pieces; Mustard Pots; Pepper Casters ; Salt Cellars ; large and small Chased Wait- ers; Flower Stands; Children's Cans ; Soup and Sauce Ladles; Table, Dessert, Tea, Egg, and Mustard Spoons ; Table and Dessert Forks; and a large as- sortment of Drawing Room, Chamber, and Piano Candlesticks with Shades. BRITANNIA METAL. Breakfast Services ; Soup Tureens; Dish Covers ; Wine Strainers; Powder and Dram Flasks; Drawing Room, Chamber, and Piano Candlesticks; Table and Dessert Spoons and Forks ; Tea Spoons, and many other arti- cles too numerous to mention. CHINA AND GLASS WARES. China Dinner, Breakfast, Tea, and Chamber Services, (with spare pieces,) of the following patterns, viz:- Ancona, Ardennes, Burmah, Blue Lozore, Calcutta, Doux Fibres, Rural, Dove, Neva, and Nankin A Variety of Tea and Breakfast Sets; the whole of which will be sold 25 per cent cheaper than any other house in Kingston A large assortment of Tulip and Straight Glass Shades for Candlesticks ; Chimnies, Shades, and Domes for Solar, Camphine, Spring, and almost every other description of Lamps.