id sid tid token lemma pos 12162 1 1 Proofreaders proofreader NNS 12162 1 2 JOHNS JOHNS NNP 12162 1 3 HOPKINS HOPKINS NNP 12162 1 4 UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY NNP 12162 1 5 STUDIES study NNS 12162 1 6 IN in IN 12162 1 7 HISTORICAL historical NN 12162 1 8 AND and CC 12162 1 9 POLITICAL POLITICAL NNP 12162 1 10 SCIENCE SCIENCE NNP 12162 1 11 HERBERT HERBERT NNP 12162 1 12 B. B. NNP 12162 1 13 ADAMS ADAMS NNP 12162 1 14 , , , 12162 1 15 Editor Editor NNP 12162 1 16 History history NN 12162 1 17 is be VBZ 12162 1 18 past past IN 12162 1 19 Politics Politics NNPS 12162 1 20 and and CC 12162 1 21 Politics Politics NNPS 12162 1 22 present present VBP 12162 1 23 History.--_Freeman History.--_Freeman NNP 12162 1 24 _ _ NNP 12162 1 25 NINTH NINTH NNP 12162 1 26 SERIES SERIES NNP 12162 1 27 V V NNP 12162 1 28 - - HYPH 12162 1 29 VI VI NNP 12162 1 30 The the DT 12162 1 31 Communes Communes NNPS 12162 1 32 of of IN 12162 1 33 Lombardy Lombardy NNP 12162 1 34 from from IN 12162 1 35 the the DT 12162 1 36 VI VI NNP 12162 1 37 . . . 12162 2 1 to to IN 12162 2 2 the the DT 12162 2 3 X. x. NN 12162 3 1 Century Century NNP 12162 3 2 AN AN NNP 12162 3 3 INVESTIGATION INVESTIGATION NNP 12162 3 4 OF of IN 12162 3 5 THE the DT 12162 3 6 CAUSES cause NNS 12162 3 7 WHICH which WDT 12162 3 8 LED lead VBD 12162 3 9 TO to IN 12162 3 10 THE the DT 12162 3 11 DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT NNP 12162 3 12 OF of IN 12162 3 13 MUNICIPAL municipal JJ 12162 3 14 UNITY unity NN 12162 3 15 AMONG among IN 12162 3 16 THE the DT 12162 3 17 LOMBARD LOMBARD NNP 12162 3 18 COMMUNES COMMUNES NNP 12162 3 19 BY by IN 12162 3 20 WILLIAM WILLIAM NNS 12162 3 21 KLAPP KLAPP NNP 12162 3 22 WILLIAMS WILLIAMS NNP 12162 3 23 , , , 12162 3 24 PH.D. PH.D. NNP 12162 3 25 NEWBERRY NEWBERRY NNP 12162 3 26 LIBRARY LIBRARY NNP 12162 3 27 , , , 12162 3 28 CHICAGO CHICAGO NNP 12162 3 29 May May NNP 12162 3 30 , , , 12162 3 31 June June NNP 12162 3 32 , , , 12162 3 33 1891 1891 CD 12162 3 34 " " `` 12162 3 35 Est Est NNP 12162 3 36 error error NN 12162 3 37 spretus spretus NN 12162 3 38 , , , 12162 3 39 quo quo NNP 12162 3 40 Langobarda Langobarda NNP 12162 3 41 juventus juventus NN 12162 3 42 Errabat Errabat NNP 12162 3 43 , , , 12162 3 44 verum verum NNP 12162 3 45 loquitur loquitur NNP 12162 3 46 nunc nunc NNP 12162 3 47 pagina pagina NNP 12162 3 48 sensum sensum NN 12162 3 49 . . . 12162 3 50 " " '' 12162 4 1 RHOTARI RHOTARI NNP 12162 4 2 : : : 12162 4 3 _ _ NNP 12162 4 4 Legum Legum NNP 12162 4 5 Prologus Prologus NNP 12162 4 6 _ _ NNP 12162 4 7 . . . 12162 5 1 THE the DT 12162 5 2 COMMUNES COMMUNES NNP 12162 5 3 OF of IN 12162 5 4 LOMBARDY LOMBARDY NNP 12162 5 5 FROM from IN 12162 5 6 THE the DT 12162 5 7 VI VI NNP 12162 5 8 . . . 12162 6 1 TO to IN 12162 6 2 THE the DT 12162 6 3 X. X. NNP 12162 7 1 CENTURY CENTURY NNP 12162 7 2 . . . 12162 8 1 PART PART NNP 12162 8 2 I. I. NNP 12162 9 1 THE the DT 12162 9 2 LOMBARD LOMBARD NNP 12162 9 3 CONQUEST CONQUEST NNP 12162 9 4 AND and CC 12162 9 5 ITS its PRP$ 12162 9 6 RESULTS result NNS 12162 9 7 . . . 12162 10 1 Before before IN 12162 10 2 tracing trace VBG 12162 10 3 the the DT 12162 10 4 beginnings beginning NNS 12162 10 5 of of IN 12162 10 6 renewed renew VBN 12162 10 7 municipal municipal JJ 12162 10 8 life life NN 12162 10 9 in in IN 12162 10 10 Northern Northern NNP 12162 10 11 Italy Italy NNP 12162 10 12 , , , 12162 10 13 we -PRON- PRP 12162 10 14 must must MD 12162 10 15 consider consider VB 12162 10 16 the the DT 12162 10 17 conditions condition NNS 12162 10 18 of of IN 12162 10 19 land land NN 12162 10 20 and and CC 12162 10 21 people people NNS 12162 10 22 , , , 12162 10 23 which which WDT 12162 10 24 first first RB 12162 10 25 rendered render VBD 12162 10 26 possible possible JJ 12162 10 27 and and CC 12162 10 28 then then RB 12162 10 29 fostered foster VBD 12162 10 30 the the DT 12162 10 31 spirit spirit NN 12162 10 32 of of IN 12162 10 33 local local JJ 12162 10 34 independence independence NN 12162 10 35 of of IN 12162 10 36 which which WDT 12162 10 37 such such JJ 12162 10 38 beginnings beginning NNS 12162 10 39 were be VBD 12162 10 40 the the DT 12162 10 41 natural natural JJ 12162 10 42 expression expression NN 12162 10 43 . . . 12162 11 1 To to TO 12162 11 2 do do VB 12162 11 3 this this DT 12162 11 4 we -PRON- PRP 12162 11 5 must must MD 12162 11 6 commence commence VB 12162 11 7 our -PRON- PRP$ 12162 11 8 researches research NNS 12162 11 9 with with IN 12162 11 10 the the DT 12162 11 11 first first JJ 12162 11 12 domination domination NN 12162 11 13 of of IN 12162 11 14 the the DT 12162 11 15 Lombards Lombards NNPS 12162 11 16 in in IN 12162 11 17 the the DT 12162 11 18 country country NN 12162 11 19 . . . 12162 12 1 In in IN 12162 12 2 detail detail NN 12162 12 3 the the DT 12162 12 4 story story NN 12162 12 5 of of IN 12162 12 6 the the DT 12162 12 7 conquest conquest NN 12162 12 8 of of IN 12162 12 9 Northern Northern NNP 12162 12 10 Italy Italy NNP 12162 12 11 by by IN 12162 12 12 the the DT 12162 12 13 Lombards Lombards NNPS 12162 12 14 under under IN 12162 12 15 Alboin Alboin NNP 12162 12 16 , , , 12162 12 17 in in IN 12162 12 18 568 568 CD 12162 12 19 , , , 12162 12 20 hardly hardly RB 12162 12 21 differs differ VBZ 12162 12 22 materially materially RB 12162 12 23 from from IN 12162 12 24 that that DT 12162 12 25 of of IN 12162 12 26 the the DT 12162 12 27 inroads inroad NNS 12162 12 28 of of IN 12162 12 29 other other JJ 12162 12 30 barbarian barbarian JJ 12162 12 31 tribes tribe NNS 12162 12 32 of of IN 12162 12 33 the the DT 12162 12 34 north north NN 12162 12 35 on on IN 12162 12 36 the the DT 12162 12 37 fertile fertile JJ 12162 12 38 plains plain NNS 12162 12 39 of of IN 12162 12 40 Italy Italy NNP 12162 12 41 . . . 12162 13 1 The the DT 12162 13 2 causes cause NNS 12162 13 3 were be VBD 12162 13 4 the the DT 12162 13 5 same same JJ 12162 13 6 . . . 12162 14 1 Where where WRB 12162 14 2 the the DT 12162 14 3 distinction distinction NN 12162 14 4 is be VBZ 12162 14 5 to to TO 12162 14 6 be be VB 12162 14 7 found find VBN 12162 14 8 from from IN 12162 14 9 other other JJ 12162 14 10 such such JJ 12162 14 11 invasions invasion NNS 12162 14 12 , , , 12162 14 13 is be VBZ 12162 14 14 in in IN 12162 14 15 the the DT 12162 14 16 results result NNS 12162 14 17 of of IN 12162 14 18 the the DT 12162 14 19 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 14 20 occupation occupation NN 12162 14 21 , , , 12162 14 22 and and CC 12162 14 23 in in IN 12162 14 24 the the DT 12162 14 25 different different JJ 12162 14 26 methods method NNS 12162 14 27 which which WDT 12162 14 28 the the DT 12162 14 29 Lombards Lombards NNPS 12162 14 30 adopted adopt VBD 12162 14 31 so so IN 12162 14 32 as as IN 12162 14 33 to to TO 12162 14 34 render render VB 12162 14 35 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 14 36 power power NN 12162 14 37 and and CC 12162 14 38 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 14 39 possessions possession NNS 12162 14 40 permanent permanent JJ 12162 14 41 . . . 12162 15 1 Let let VB 12162 15 2 us -PRON- PRP 12162 15 3 look look VB 12162 15 4 at at IN 12162 15 5 the the DT 12162 15 6 character character NN 12162 15 7 of of IN 12162 15 8 this this DT 12162 15 9 invading invade VBG 12162 15 10 host host NN 12162 15 11 , , , 12162 15 12 which which WDT 12162 15 13 sweeps sweep VBZ 12162 15 14 like like IN 12162 15 15 a a DT 12162 15 16 tide tide NN 12162 15 17 , , , 12162 15 18 at at IN 12162 15 19 once once RB 12162 15 20 destroying destroy VBG 12162 15 21 and and CC 12162 15 22 revivifying revivify VBG 12162 15 23 , , , 12162 15 24 over over IN 12162 15 25 the the DT 12162 15 26 exhausted exhausted JJ 12162 15 27 though though IN 12162 15 28 still still RB 12162 15 29 fertile fertile JJ 12162 15 30 plains plain NNS 12162 15 31 of of IN 12162 15 32 the the DT 12162 15 33 Po Po NNP 12162 15 34 and and CC 12162 15 35 the the DT 12162 15 36 Adige Adige NNP 12162 15 37 . . . 12162 16 1 Are be VBP 12162 16 2 we -PRON- PRP 12162 16 3 to to TO 12162 16 4 call call VB 12162 16 5 it -PRON- PRP 12162 16 6 a a DT 12162 16 7 moving move VBG 12162 16 8 people people NNS 12162 16 9 or or CC 12162 16 10 an an DT 12162 16 11 advancing advance VBG 12162 16 12 army army NN 12162 16 13 ? ? . 12162 17 1 Are be VBP 12162 17 2 we -PRON- PRP 12162 17 3 to to TO 12162 17 4 call call VB 12162 17 5 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 17 6 leaders leader NNS 12162 17 7 ( ( -LRB- 12162 17 8 _ _ NNP 12162 17 9 duces duce NNS 12162 17 10 _ _ NNP 12162 17 11 , , , 12162 17 12 from from IN 12162 17 13 _ _ NNP 12162 17 14 ducere ducere RB 12162 17 15 _ _ NNP 12162 17 16 to to TO 12162 17 17 lead lead VB 12162 17 18 ) ) -RRB- 12162 17 19 , , , 12162 17 20 heads head NNS 12162 17 21 of of IN 12162 17 22 clans clan NNS 12162 17 23 and and CC 12162 17 24 families family NNS 12162 17 25 , , , 12162 17 26 or or CC 12162 17 27 captains captain NNS 12162 17 28 and and CC 12162 17 29 generals general NNS 12162 17 30 ? ? . 12162 18 1 Finally finally RB 12162 18 2 , , , 12162 18 3 is be VBZ 12162 18 4 the the DT 12162 18 5 land land NN 12162 18 6 to to TO 12162 18 7 be be VB 12162 18 8 invaded invade VBN 12162 18 9 , , , 12162 18 10 or or CC 12162 18 11 is be VBZ 12162 18 12 the the DT 12162 18 13 land land NN 12162 18 14 to to TO 12162 18 15 be be VB 12162 18 16 settled settle VBN 12162 18 17 ? ? . 12162 19 1 To to IN 12162 19 2 all all PDT 12162 19 3 these these DT 12162 19 4 questions question NNS 12162 19 5 the the DT 12162 19 6 only only JJ 12162 19 7 answer answer NN 12162 19 8 is be VBZ 12162 19 9 to to TO 12162 19 10 be be VB 12162 19 11 found find VBN 12162 19 12 in in IN 12162 19 13 the the DT 12162 19 14 conception conception NN 12162 19 15 of of IN 12162 19 16 the the DT 12162 19 17 absolute absolute NNP 12162 19 18 union union NNP 12162 19 19 of of IN 12162 19 20 both both PDT 12162 19 21 the the DT 12162 19 22 kinds kind NNS 12162 19 23 of of IN 12162 19 24 functions function NNS 12162 19 25 described describe VBN 12162 19 26 . . . 12162 20 1 A a DT 12162 20 2 people people NNS 12162 20 3 is be VBZ 12162 20 4 moving move VBG 12162 20 5 from from IN 12162 20 6 a a DT 12162 20 7 home home NN 12162 20 8 whose whose WP$ 12162 20 9 borders border NNS 12162 20 10 have have VBP 12162 20 11 proved prove VBN 12162 20 12 too too RB 12162 20 13 narrow narrow JJ 12162 20 14 for for IN 12162 20 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 20 16 increasing increase VBG 12162 20 17 numbers number NNS 12162 20 18 ; ; : 12162 20 19 an an DT 12162 20 20 army army NN 12162 20 21 is be VBZ 12162 20 22 conquering conquer VBG 12162 20 23 a a DT 12162 20 24 new new JJ 12162 20 25 home home NN 12162 20 26 , , , 12162 20 27 where where WRB 12162 20 28 plenty plenty NN 12162 20 29 will will MD 12162 20 30 take take VB 12162 20 31 the the DT 12162 20 32 place place NN 12162 20 33 of of IN 12162 20 34 want want NN 12162 20 35 , , , 12162 20 36 and and CC 12162 20 37 luxury luxury NN 12162 20 38 of of IN 12162 20 39 privation privation NN 12162 20 40 . . . 12162 21 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 21 2 is be VBZ 12162 21 3 not not RB 12162 21 4 an an DT 12162 21 5 army army NN 12162 21 6 marching marching NN 12162 21 7 at at IN 12162 21 8 the the DT 12162 21 9 command command NN 12162 21 10 of of IN 12162 21 11 a a DT 12162 21 12 strongly strongly RB 12162 21 13 centralized centralized JJ 12162 21 14 power power NN 12162 21 15 to to TO 12162 21 16 conquer conquer VB 12162 21 17 a a DT 12162 21 18 rich rich JJ 12162 21 19 neighbor neighbor NN 12162 21 20 , , , 12162 21 21 and and CC 12162 21 22 force force VB 12162 21 23 a a DT 12162 21 24 defeated defeat VBN 12162 21 25 enemy enemy NN 12162 21 26 to to TO 12162 21 27 pay pay VB 12162 21 28 it -PRON- PRP 12162 21 29 service service NN 12162 21 30 or or CC 12162 21 31 tribute tribute NN 12162 21 32 . . . 12162 22 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 22 2 is be VBZ 12162 22 3 a a DT 12162 22 4 body body NN 12162 22 5 which which WDT 12162 22 6 , , , 12162 22 7 when when WRB 12162 22 8 it -PRON- PRP 12162 22 9 has have VBZ 12162 22 10 conquered conquer VBN 12162 22 11 as as IN 12162 22 12 an an DT 12162 22 13 army army NN 12162 22 14 , , , 12162 22 15 will will MD 12162 22 16 occupy occupy VB 12162 22 17 as as IN 12162 22 18 a a DT 12162 22 19 people people NNS 12162 22 20 ; ; : 12162 22 21 when when WRB 12162 22 22 it -PRON- PRP 12162 22 23 is be VBZ 12162 22 24 established establish VBN 12162 22 25 as as IN 12162 22 26 a a DT 12162 22 27 people people NNS 12162 22 28 , , , 12162 22 29 will will MD 12162 22 30 still still RB 12162 22 31 remain remain VB 12162 22 32 an an DT 12162 22 33 army army NN 12162 22 34 . . . 12162 23 1 The the DT 12162 23 2 sword sword NN 12162 23 3 was be VBD 12162 23 4 not not RB 12162 23 5 turned turn VBN 12162 23 6 into into IN 12162 23 7 the the DT 12162 23 8 ploughshare ploughshare NN 12162 23 9 ; ; : 12162 23 10 but but CC 12162 23 11 the the DT 12162 23 12 power power NN 12162 23 13 to to TO 12162 23 14 wield wield VB 12162 23 15 the the DT 12162 23 16 sword sword NN 12162 23 17 had have VBD 12162 23 18 given give VBN 12162 23 19 the the DT 12162 23 20 right right NN 12162 23 21 to to IN 12162 23 22 till till IN 12162 23 23 the the DT 12162 23 24 land land NN 12162 23 25 , , , 12162 23 26 and and CC 12162 23 27 soon soon RB 12162 23 28 the the DT 12162 23 29 power power NN 12162 23 30 to to TO 12162 23 31 hold hold VB 12162 23 32 the the DT 12162 23 33 land land NN 12162 23 34 was be VBD 12162 23 35 to to TO 12162 23 36 give give VB 12162 23 37 the the DT 12162 23 38 right right NN 12162 23 39 to to TO 12162 23 40 wear wear VB 12162 23 41 the the DT 12162 23 42 sword sword NN 12162 23 43 . . . 12162 24 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 24 2 was be VBD 12162 24 3 the the DT 12162 24 4 conquest conquest NN 12162 24 5 of of IN 12162 24 6 a a DT 12162 24 7 highly highly RB 12162 24 8 civilized civilized JJ 12162 24 9 agricultural agricultural JJ 12162 24 10 people people NNS 12162 24 11 -- -- : 12162 24 12 whose whose WP$ 12162 24 13 very very JJ 12162 24 14 civilization civilization NN 12162 24 15 had have VBD 12162 24 16 reduced reduce VBN 12162 24 17 them -PRON- PRP 12162 24 18 to to IN 12162 24 19 a a DT 12162 24 20 stage stage NN 12162 24 21 of of IN 12162 24 22 moral moral JJ 12162 24 23 weakness weakness NN 12162 24 24 which which WDT 12162 24 25 rendered render VBD 12162 24 26 them -PRON- PRP 12162 24 27 totally totally RB 12162 24 28 unfit unfit JJ 12162 24 29 to to TO 12162 24 30 defend defend VB 12162 24 31 themselves -PRON- PRP 12162 24 32 -- -- : 12162 24 33 by by IN 12162 24 34 a a DT 12162 24 35 semi semi JJ 12162 24 36 - - JJ 12162 24 37 barbarous barbarous JJ 12162 24 38 people people NNS 12162 24 39 , , , 12162 24 40 agricultural agricultural JJ 12162 24 41 also also RB 12162 24 42 , , , 12162 24 43 but but CC 12162 24 44 rude rude JJ 12162 24 45 , , , 12162 24 46 uncivilized uncivilized JJ 12162 24 47 , , , 12162 24 48 independent independent JJ 12162 24 49 , , , 12162 24 50 owning own VBG 12162 24 51 no no DT 12162 24 52 rulers ruler NNS 12162 24 53 but but CC 12162 24 54 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 24 55 family family NN 12162 24 56 or or CC 12162 24 57 military military JJ 12162 24 58 chiefs chief NNS 12162 24 59 . . . 12162 25 1 The the DT 12162 25 2 conquerors conqueror NNS 12162 25 3 took take VBD 12162 25 4 possession possession NN 12162 25 5 of of IN 12162 25 6 the the DT 12162 25 7 country country NN 12162 25 8 simply simply RB 12162 25 9 as as IN 12162 25 10 they -PRON- PRP 12162 25 11 would would MD 12162 25 12 take take VB 12162 25 13 possession possession NN 12162 25 14 of of IN 12162 25 15 a a DT 12162 25 16 larger large JJR 12162 25 17 farm farm NN 12162 25 18 than than IN 12162 25 19 they -PRON- PRP 12162 25 20 had have VBD 12162 25 21 before before RB 12162 25 22 owned own VBN 12162 25 23 . . . 12162 26 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 26 2 riches rich NNS 12162 26 3 were be VBD 12162 26 4 only only RB 12162 26 5 such such JJ 12162 26 6 as as IN 12162 26 7 served serve VBN 12162 26 8 for for IN 12162 26 9 the the DT 12162 26 10 support support NN 12162 26 11 of of IN 12162 26 12 men man NNS 12162 26 13 -- -- : 12162 26 14 herds herd NNS 12162 26 15 , , , 12162 26 16 land land NN 12162 26 17 , , , 12162 26 18 wine wine NN 12162 26 19 and and CC 12162 26 20 corn corn NN 12162 26 21 . . . 12162 27 1 They -PRON- PRP 12162 27 2 needed need VBD 12162 27 3 cultivators cultivator NNS 12162 27 4 for for IN 12162 27 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 27 6 large large JJ 12162 27 7 farm farm NN 12162 27 8 , , , 12162 27 9 so so RB 12162 27 10 instead instead RB 12162 27 11 of of IN 12162 27 12 destroying destroy VBG 12162 27 13 every every DT 12162 27 14 one one CD 12162 27 15 with with IN 12162 27 16 fire fire NN 12162 27 17 and and CC 12162 27 18 sword sword NN 12162 27 19 , , , 12162 27 20 they -PRON- PRP 12162 27 21 spared spare VBD 12162 27 22 those those DT 12162 27 23 of of IN 12162 27 24 the the DT 12162 27 25 weak weak JJ 12162 27 26 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 12162 27 27 of of IN 12162 27 28 the the DT 12162 27 29 land land NN 12162 27 30 who who WP 12162 27 31 had have VBD 12162 27 32 survived survive VBN 12162 27 33 the the DT 12162 27 34 first first JJ 12162 27 35 onslaught onslaught NN 12162 27 36 , , , 12162 27 37 in in IN 12162 27 38 order order NN 12162 27 39 that that IN 12162 27 40 they -PRON- PRP 12162 27 41 might may MD 12162 27 42 make make VB 12162 27 43 use use NN 12162 27 44 of of IN 12162 27 45 farmers farmer NNS 12162 27 46 to to TO 12162 27 47 cultivate cultivate VB 12162 27 48 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 27 49 new new JJ 12162 27 50 possessions possession NNS 12162 27 51 . . . 12162 28 1 In in IN 12162 28 2 most most JJS 12162 28 3 cases case NNS 12162 28 4 they -PRON- PRP 12162 28 5 did do VBD 12162 28 6 not not RB 12162 28 7 make make VB 12162 28 8 slaves slave NNS 12162 28 9 of of IN 12162 28 10 them -PRON- PRP 12162 28 11 , , , 12162 28 12 but but CC 12162 28 13 tributaries tributary NNS 12162 28 14 ; ; : 12162 28 15 and and CC 12162 28 16 after after IN 12162 28 17 the the DT 12162 28 18 land land NN 12162 28 19 had have VBD 12162 28 20 been be VBN 12162 28 21 portioned portion VBN 12162 28 22 evenly evenly RB 12162 28 23 among among IN 12162 28 24 the the DT 12162 28 25 soldiers soldier NNS 12162 28 26 of of IN 12162 28 27 the the DT 12162 28 28 invading invade VBG 12162 28 29 host host NN 12162 28 30 , , , 12162 28 31 the the DT 12162 28 32 original original JJ 12162 28 33 holders holder NNS 12162 28 34 of of IN 12162 28 35 the the DT 12162 28 36 land land NN 12162 28 37 tilled till VBD 12162 28 38 it -PRON- PRP 12162 28 39 themselves -PRON- PRP 12162 28 40 , , , 12162 28 41 under under IN 12162 28 42 a a DT 12162 28 43 system system NN 12162 28 44 somewhat somewhat RB 12162 28 45 kindred kindred JJ 12162 28 46 to to IN 12162 28 47 the the DT 12162 28 48 metayer metayer NN 12162 28 49 system system NN 12162 28 50 as as IN 12162 28 51 to to IN 12162 28 52 - - HYPH 12162 28 53 day day NN 12162 28 54 existent existent NN 12162 28 55 in in IN 12162 28 56 Tuscany Tuscany NNP 12162 28 57 and and CC 12162 28 58 elsewhere elsewhere RB 12162 28 59 , , , 12162 28 60 paying pay VBG 12162 28 61 , , , 12162 28 62 according accord VBG 12162 28 63 to to IN 12162 28 64 the the DT 12162 28 65 usual usual JJ 12162 28 66 custom custom NN 12162 28 67 adopted adopt VBN 12162 28 68 by by IN 12162 28 69 the the DT 12162 28 70 northern northern JJ 12162 28 71 conquerors conqueror NNS 12162 28 72 of of IN 12162 28 73 Italy Italy NNP 12162 28 74 , , , 12162 28 75 one one CD 12162 28 76 - - HYPH 12162 28 77 third third NN 12162 28 78 of of IN 12162 28 79 the the DT 12162 28 80 produce[1 produce[1 NNP 12162 28 81 ] ] -RRB- 12162 28 82 to to IN 12162 28 83 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 28 84 new new JJ 12162 28 85 masters master NNS 12162 28 86 . . . 12162 29 1 The the DT 12162 29 2 whole whole JJ 12162 29 3 organization organization NN 12162 29 4 of of IN 12162 29 5 society society NN 12162 29 6 was be VBD 12162 29 7 on on IN 12162 29 8 a a DT 12162 29 9 purely purely RB 12162 29 10 military military JJ 12162 29 11 basis basis NN 12162 29 12 ; ; : 12162 29 13 the the DT 12162 29 14 soldiers soldier NNS 12162 29 15 of of IN 12162 29 16 the the DT 12162 29 17 conquering conquer VBG 12162 29 18 army army NN 12162 29 19 , , , 12162 29 20 although although IN 12162 29 21 they -PRON- PRP 12162 29 22 became become VBD 12162 29 23 landed land VBN 12162 29 24 proprietors proprietor NNS 12162 29 25 , , , 12162 29 26 none none NN 12162 29 27 the the DT 12162 29 28 less less RBR 12162 29 29 retained retain VBN 12162 29 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 29 31 character character NN 12162 29 32 and and CC 12162 29 33 name name NN 12162 29 34 of of IN 12162 29 35 soldiers soldier NNS 12162 29 36 . . . 12162 30 1 Hence hence RB 12162 30 2 when when WRB 12162 30 3 these these DT 12162 30 4 crude crude JJ 12162 30 5 forms form NNS 12162 30 6 of of IN 12162 30 7 social social JJ 12162 30 8 life life NN 12162 30 9 began begin VBD 12162 30 10 to to TO 12162 30 11 crystallize crystallize VB 12162 30 12 into into IN 12162 30 13 the the DT 12162 30 14 carefully carefully RB 12162 30 15 marked mark VBN 12162 30 16 ranks rank NNS 12162 30 17 of of IN 12162 30 18 the the DT 12162 30 19 feudal feudal JJ 12162 30 20 system system NN 12162 30 21 , , , 12162 30 22 the the DT 12162 30 23 " " `` 12162 30 24 _ _ NNP 12162 30 25 milites_"[2 milites_"[2 NNP 12162 30 26 ] ] -RRB- 12162 30 27 formed form VBD 12162 30 28 the the DT 12162 30 29 order order NN 12162 30 30 of of IN 12162 30 31 gentlemen gentleman NNS 12162 30 32 , , , 12162 30 33 the the DT 12162 30 34 smaller small JJR 12162 30 35 feudatories feudatory NNS 12162 30 36 , , , 12162 30 37 who who WP 12162 30 38 gave give VBD 12162 30 39 land land NN 12162 30 40 in in IN 12162 30 41 fief fief NNP 12162 30 42 to to IN 12162 30 43 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 30 44 vassals vassal NNS 12162 30 45 -- -- : 12162 30 46 generally generally RB 12162 30 47 the the DT 12162 30 48 old old JJ 12162 30 49 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 12162 30 50 -- -- : 12162 30 51 while while IN 12162 30 52 holding hold VBG 12162 30 53 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 30 54 own own JJ 12162 30 55 nominally nominally RB 12162 30 56 from from IN 12162 30 57 the the DT 12162 30 58 " " `` 12162 30 59 _ _ NNP 12162 30 60 duces duce NNS 12162 30 61 _ _ NNP 12162 30 62 , , , 12162 30 63 " " '' 12162 30 64 or or CC 12162 30 65 dukes duke NNS 12162 30 66 , , , 12162 30 67 the the DT 12162 30 68 representatives representative NNS 12162 30 69 of of IN 12162 30 70 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 30 71 former former JJ 12162 30 72 leaders leader NNS 12162 30 73 in in IN 12162 30 74 war war NN 12162 30 75 , , , 12162 30 76 who who WP 12162 30 77 held hold VBD 12162 30 78 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 30 79 tenure tenure NN 12162 30 80 direct direct JJ 12162 30 81 from from IN 12162 30 82 the the DT 12162 30 83 king king NN 12162 30 84 or or CC 12162 30 85 chief chief NN 12162 30 86 . . . 12162 31 1 As as IN 12162 31 2 the the DT 12162 31 3 object object NN 12162 31 4 of of IN 12162 31 5 this this DT 12162 31 6 paper paper NN 12162 31 7 is be VBZ 12162 31 8 particularly particularly RB 12162 31 9 to to TO 12162 31 10 trace trace VB 12162 31 11 the the DT 12162 31 12 origin origin NN 12162 31 13 and and CC 12162 31 14 early early JJ 12162 31 15 sources source NNS 12162 31 16 of of IN 12162 31 17 municipal municipal JJ 12162 31 18 life life NN 12162 31 19 in in IN 12162 31 20 Northern Northern NNP 12162 31 21 Italy Italy NNP 12162 31 22 , , , 12162 31 23 let let VB 12162 31 24 us -PRON- PRP 12162 31 25 turn turn VB 12162 31 26 and and CC 12162 31 27 see see VB 12162 31 28 what what WP 12162 31 29 were be VBD 12162 31 30 the the DT 12162 31 31 effects effect NNS 12162 31 32 on on IN 12162 31 33 the the DT 12162 31 34 already already RB 12162 31 35 existing exist VBG 12162 31 36 towns town NNS 12162 31 37 , , , 12162 31 38 of of IN 12162 31 39 the the DT 12162 31 40 inroads inroad NNS 12162 31 41 of of IN 12162 31 42 these these DT 12162 31 43 hordes horde NNS 12162 31 44 of of IN 12162 31 45 northern northern JJ 12162 31 46 barbarians barbarian NNS 12162 31 47 . . . 12162 32 1 At at IN 12162 32 2 the the DT 12162 32 3 outset outset NN 12162 32 4 I -PRON- PRP 12162 32 5 must must MD 12162 32 6 state state VB 12162 32 7 emphatically emphatically RB 12162 32 8 that that IN 12162 32 9 all all DT 12162 32 10 our -PRON- PRP$ 12162 32 11 sources source NNS 12162 32 12 of of IN 12162 32 13 information information NN 12162 32 14 as as IN 12162 32 15 to to IN 12162 32 16 the the DT 12162 32 17 institutional institutional JJ 12162 32 18 history history NN 12162 32 19 of of IN 12162 32 20 this this DT 12162 32 21 obscure obscure JJ 12162 32 22 period period NN 12162 32 23 are be VBP 12162 32 24 exceedingly exceedingly RB 12162 32 25 vague vague JJ 12162 32 26 , , , 12162 32 27 meagre meagre JJ 12162 32 28 and and CC 12162 32 29 unsatisfactory unsatisfactory JJ 12162 32 30 . . . 12162 33 1 The the DT 12162 33 2 progress progress NN 12162 33 3 of of IN 12162 33 4 events event NNS 12162 33 5 we -PRON- PRP 12162 33 6 can can MD 12162 33 7 follow follow VB 12162 33 8 with with IN 12162 33 9 more more JJR 12162 33 10 or or CC 12162 33 11 less less JJR 12162 33 12 accuracy accuracy NN 12162 33 13 from from IN 12162 33 14 the the DT 12162 33 15 mazy mazy NN 12162 33 16 writings writing NNS 12162 33 17 of of IN 12162 33 18 the the DT 12162 33 19 early early JJ 12162 33 20 chroniclers chronicler NNS 12162 33 21 ; ; : 12162 33 22 we -PRON- PRP 12162 33 23 can can MD 12162 33 24 get get VB 12162 33 25 a a DT 12162 33 26 fair fair JJ 12162 33 27 idea idea NN 12162 33 28 of of IN 12162 33 29 the the DT 12162 33 30 judicial judicial JJ 12162 33 31 and and CC 12162 33 32 the the DT 12162 33 33 legislative legislative JJ 12162 33 34 acts act NNS 12162 33 35 of of IN 12162 33 36 the the DT 12162 33 37 ruling rule VBG 12162 33 38 powers power NNS 12162 33 39 by by IN 12162 33 40 studying study VBG 12162 33 41 and and CC 12162 33 42 comparing compare VBG 12162 33 43 the the DT 12162 33 44 different different JJ 12162 33 45 codes code NNS 12162 33 46 of of IN 12162 33 47 laws law NNS 12162 33 48 that that WDT 12162 33 49 have have VBP 12162 33 50 come come VBN 12162 33 51 down down RP 12162 33 52 to to IN 12162 33 53 us -PRON- PRP 12162 33 54 ; ; : 12162 33 55 but but CC 12162 33 56 in in IN 12162 33 57 a a DT 12162 33 58 study study NN 12162 33 59 of of IN 12162 33 60 the the DT 12162 33 61 internal internal NNP 12162 33 62 municipal municipal JJ 12162 33 63 life life NN 12162 33 64 of of IN 12162 33 65 these these DT 12162 33 66 early early JJ 12162 33 67 ages age NNS 12162 33 68 , , , 12162 33 69 the the DT 12162 33 70 student student NN 12162 33 71 meets meet VBZ 12162 33 72 again again RB 12162 33 73 and and CC 12162 33 74 again again RB 12162 33 75 with with IN 12162 33 76 increasing increase VBG 12162 33 77 discouragement discouragement NN 12162 33 78 , , , 12162 33 79 and and CC 12162 33 80 soon soon RB 12162 33 81 finds find VBZ 12162 33 82 himself -PRON- PRP 12162 33 83 almost almost RB 12162 33 84 hopelessly hopelessly RB 12162 33 85 lost lose VBN 12162 33 86 in in IN 12162 33 87 a a DT 12162 33 88 tangle tangle NN 12162 33 89 of of IN 12162 33 90 doubts doubt NNS 12162 33 91 and and CC 12162 33 92 inferences inference NNS 12162 33 93 . . . 12162 34 1 In in IN 12162 34 2 the the DT 12162 34 3 almost almost RB 12162 34 4 total total JJ 12162 34 5 want want NN 12162 34 6 of of IN 12162 34 7 direct direct JJ 12162 34 8 evidence evidence NN 12162 34 9 , , , 12162 34 10 from from IN 12162 34 11 casual casual JJ 12162 34 12 mention mention NN 12162 34 13 gleaned glean VBN 12162 34 14 from from IN 12162 34 15 the the DT 12162 34 16 writings writing NNS 12162 34 17 of of IN 12162 34 18 the the DT 12162 34 19 chroniclers chronicler NNS 12162 34 20 , , , 12162 34 21 and and CC 12162 34 22 from from IN 12162 34 23 occasional occasional JJ 12162 34 24 references reference NNS 12162 34 25 in in IN 12162 34 26 the the DT 12162 34 27 law law NN 12162 34 28 codes code NNS 12162 34 29 to to IN 12162 34 30 municipal municipal JJ 12162 34 31 offices office NNS 12162 34 32 and and CC 12162 34 33 regulations regulation NNS 12162 34 34 , , , 12162 34 35 enough enough JJ 12162 34 36 indirect indirect JJ 12162 34 37 evidence evidence NN 12162 34 38 must must MD 12162 34 39 be be VB 12162 34 40 sought seek VBN 12162 34 41 , , , 12162 34 42 to to TO 12162 34 43 enable enable VB 12162 34 44 us -PRON- PRP 12162 34 45 , , , 12162 34 46 by by IN 12162 34 47 the the DT 12162 34 48 aid aid NN 12162 34 49 of of IN 12162 34 50 our -PRON- PRP$ 12162 34 51 powers power NNS 12162 34 52 of of IN 12162 34 53 reasoning reasoning NN 12162 34 54 , , , 12162 34 55 if if IN 12162 34 56 not not RB 12162 34 57 of of IN 12162 34 58 our -PRON- PRP$ 12162 34 59 imagination imagination NN 12162 34 60 , , , 12162 34 61 to to TO 12162 34 62 build build VB 12162 34 63 up up RP 12162 34 64 some some DT 12162 34 65 history history NN 12162 34 66 , , , 12162 34 67 defective defective JJ 12162 34 68 though though IN 12162 34 69 it -PRON- PRP 12162 34 70 be be VB 12162 34 71 , , , 12162 34 72 of of IN 12162 34 73 municipal municipal JJ 12162 34 74 life life NN 12162 34 75 , , , 12162 34 76 down down RB 12162 34 77 to to IN 12162 34 78 the the DT 12162 34 79 time time NN 12162 34 80 when when WRB 12162 34 81 the the DT 12162 34 82 internal internal JJ 12162 34 83 growth growth NN 12162 34 84 and and CC 12162 34 85 importance importance NN 12162 34 86 of of IN 12162 34 87 the the DT 12162 34 88 cities city NNS 12162 34 89 rendered render VBD 12162 34 90 them -PRON- PRP 12162 34 91 sufficiently sufficiently RB 12162 34 92 prominent prominent JJ 12162 34 93 political political JJ 12162 34 94 factors factor NNS 12162 34 95 to to TO 12162 34 96 have have VB 12162 34 97 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 34 98 deeds deed NNS 12162 34 99 and and CC 12162 34 100 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 34 101 progress progress NN 12162 34 102 chronicled chronicle VBN 12162 34 103 . . . 12162 35 1 Besides besides IN 12162 35 2 , , , 12162 35 3 if if IN 12162 35 4 we -PRON- PRP 12162 35 5 consider consider VBP 12162 35 6 the the DT 12162 35 7 modes mode NNS 12162 35 8 by by IN 12162 35 9 which which WDT 12162 35 10 the the DT 12162 35 11 communes commune NNS 12162 35 12 slowly slowly RB 12162 35 13 rose rise VBD 12162 35 14 to to IN 12162 35 15 independence independence NN 12162 35 16 , , , 12162 35 17 it -PRON- PRP 12162 35 18 will will MD 12162 35 19 easily easily RB 12162 35 20 be be VB 12162 35 21 seen see VBN 12162 35 22 that that IN 12162 35 23 to to TO 12162 35 24 have have VB 12162 35 25 every every DT 12162 35 26 step step NN 12162 35 27 of of IN 12162 35 28 this this DT 12162 35 29 slow slow JJ 12162 35 30 and and CC 12162 35 31 almost almost RB 12162 35 32 secret secret JJ 12162 35 33 advance advance NN 12162 35 34 chronicled chronicle VBD 12162 35 35 and and CC 12162 35 36 given give VBN 12162 35 37 to to IN 12162 35 38 the the DT 12162 35 39 world world NN 12162 35 40 , , , 12162 35 41 would would MD 12162 35 42 have have VB 12162 35 43 been be VBN 12162 35 44 entirely entirely RB 12162 35 45 contrary contrary JJ 12162 35 46 to to IN 12162 35 47 the the DT 12162 35 48 policy policy NN 12162 35 49 of of IN 12162 35 50 the the DT 12162 35 51 cities city NNS 12162 35 52 . . . 12162 36 1 These these DT 12162 36 2 hoped hope VBD 12162 36 3 to to TO 12162 36 4 gain gain VB 12162 36 5 by by IN 12162 36 6 the the DT 12162 36 7 neglect neglect NN 12162 36 8 of of IN 12162 36 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 36 10 rulers ruler NNS 12162 36 11 , , , 12162 36 12 and and CC 12162 36 13 while while IN 12162 36 14 clinging cling VBG 12162 36 15 pertinaciously pertinaciously RB 12162 36 16 to to IN 12162 36 17 every every DT 12162 36 18 privilege privilege NN 12162 36 19 ever ever RB 12162 36 20 legally legally RB 12162 36 21 granted grant VBN 12162 36 22 , , , 12162 36 23 to to TO 12162 36 24 claim claim VB 12162 36 25 new new JJ 12162 36 26 ones one NNS 12162 36 27 constantly constantly RB 12162 36 28 , , , 12162 36 29 putting put VBG 12162 36 30 forth forth RP 12162 36 31 as as IN 12162 36 32 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 36 33 sole sole JJ 12162 36 34 legal legal JJ 12162 36 35 title title NN 12162 36 36 that that WDT 12162 36 37 slippery slippery JJ 12162 36 38 claim claim NN 12162 36 39 of of IN 12162 36 40 precedent precedent NN 12162 36 41 and and CC 12162 36 42 time time NN 12162 36 43 - - HYPH 12162 36 44 honored honor VBN 12162 36 45 custom custom NN 12162 36 46 . . . 12162 37 1 In in IN 12162 37 2 that that DT 12162 37 3 age age NN 12162 37 4 , , , 12162 37 5 books book NNS 12162 37 6 of of IN 12162 37 7 reference reference NN 12162 37 8 to to TO 12162 37 9 prove prove VB 12162 37 10 such such JJ 12162 37 11 claims claim NNS 12162 37 12 would would MD 12162 37 13 have have VB 12162 37 14 been be VBN 12162 37 15 found find VBN 12162 37 16 alike alike RB 12162 37 17 inconvenient inconvenient JJ 12162 37 18 and and CC 12162 37 19 unnecessary unnecessary JJ 12162 37 20 . . . 12162 38 1 All all PDT 12162 38 2 the the DT 12162 38 3 city city NN 12162 38 4 folks folk NNS 12162 38 5 wished wish VBD 12162 38 6 was be VBD 12162 38 7 to to TO 12162 38 8 be be VB 12162 38 9 forgotten forget VBN 12162 38 10 and and CC 12162 38 11 ignored ignore VBN 12162 38 12 by by IN 12162 38 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 38 14 superiors superior NNS 12162 38 15 , , , 12162 38 16 as as IN 12162 38 17 any any DT 12162 38 18 notice notice NN 12162 38 19 vouchsafed vouchsafe VBD 12162 38 20 them -PRON- PRP 12162 38 21 was be VBD 12162 38 22 sure sure JJ 12162 38 23 to to TO 12162 38 24 come come VB 12162 38 25 only only RB 12162 38 26 in in IN 12162 38 27 the the DT 12162 38 28 restraint restraint NN 12162 38 29 of of IN 12162 38 30 some some DT 12162 38 31 assumed assume VBN 12162 38 32 privilege privilege NN 12162 38 33 or or CC 12162 38 34 the the DT 12162 38 35 curtailing curtailing NN 12162 38 36 of of IN 12162 38 37 some some DT 12162 38 38 coveted covet VBN 12162 38 39 right right RB 12162 38 40 . . . 12162 39 1 Hence hence RB 12162 39 2 the the DT 12162 39 3 principal principal JJ 12162 39 4 cause cause NN 12162 39 5 of of IN 12162 39 6 the the DT 12162 39 7 poverty poverty NN 12162 39 8 of of IN 12162 39 9 record record NN 12162 39 10 through through IN 12162 39 11 all all PDT 12162 39 12 this this DT 12162 39 13 period period NN 12162 39 14 of of IN 12162 39 15 slow slow JJ 12162 39 16 if if IN 12162 39 17 steady steady JJ 12162 39 18 growth growth NN 12162 39 19 ; ; : 12162 39 20 and and CC 12162 39 21 the the DT 12162 39 22 disappointed disappointed JJ 12162 39 23 investigator investigator NN 12162 39 24 must must MD 12162 39 25 in in IN 12162 39 26 some some DT 12162 39 27 measure measure NN 12162 39 28 console console VB 12162 39 29 himself -PRON- PRP 12162 39 30 with with IN 12162 39 31 such such PDT 12162 39 32 a a DT 12162 39 33 reason reason NN 12162 39 34 . . . 12162 40 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 40 2 may may MD 12162 40 3 be be VB 12162 40 4 asked ask VBN 12162 40 5 , , , 12162 40 6 what what WP 12162 40 7 of of IN 12162 40 8 the the DT 12162 40 9 various various JJ 12162 40 10 local local JJ 12162 40 11 histories history NNS 12162 40 12 of of IN 12162 40 13 different different JJ 12162 40 14 towns town NNS 12162 40 15 , , , 12162 40 16 whose whose WP$ 12162 40 17 authors author NNS 12162 40 18 seldom seldom RB 12162 40 19 fail fail VBP 12162 40 20 to to TO 12162 40 21 give give VB 12162 40 22 highflown highflown NN 12162 40 23 accounts account NNS 12162 40 24 of of IN 12162 40 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 40 26 native native JJ 12162 40 27 cities city NNS 12162 40 28 , , , 12162 40 29 even even RB 12162 40 30 in in IN 12162 40 31 the the DT 12162 40 32 remotest remotest NN 12162 40 33 and and CC 12162 40 34 darkest darkest JJ 12162 40 35 ages age NNS 12162 40 36 of of IN 12162 40 37 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 40 38 history history NN 12162 40 39 ? ? . 12162 41 1 To to IN 12162 41 2 this this DT 12162 41 3 question question NN 12162 41 4 there there EX 12162 41 5 is be VBZ 12162 41 6 a a DT 12162 41 7 double double JJ 12162 41 8 answer answer NN 12162 41 9 : : : 12162 41 10 in in IN 12162 41 11 the the DT 12162 41 12 first first JJ 12162 41 13 place place NN 12162 41 14 the the DT 12162 41 15 uttermost uttermost NN 12162 41 16 caution caution NN 12162 41 17 must must MD 12162 41 18 be be VB 12162 41 19 enjoined enjoin VBN 12162 41 20 in in IN 12162 41 21 using use VBG 12162 41 22 such such JJ 12162 41 23 material material NN 12162 41 24 ; ; : 12162 41 25 not not RB 12162 41 26 only only RB 12162 41 27 in in IN 12162 41 28 separating separate VBG 12162 41 29 fact fact NN 12162 41 30 from from IN 12162 41 31 baseless baseless JJ 12162 41 32 tradition tradition NN 12162 41 33 of of IN 12162 41 34 a a DT 12162 41 35 much much RB 12162 41 36 later later JJ 12162 41 37 period period NN 12162 41 38 , , , 12162 41 39 but but CC 12162 41 40 in in IN 12162 41 41 making make VBG 12162 41 42 large large JJ 12162 41 43 allowance allowance NN 12162 41 44 for for IN 12162 41 45 the the DT 12162 41 46 heavy heavy JJ 12162 41 47 strain strain NN 12162 41 48 which which WDT 12162 41 49 a a DT 12162 41 50 strong strong JJ 12162 41 51 feeling feeling NN 12162 41 52 of of IN 12162 41 53 local local JJ 12162 41 54 patriotism patriotism NN 12162 41 55 , , , 12162 41 56 or or CC 12162 41 57 civism civism NN 12162 41 58 , , , 12162 41 59 puts put VBZ 12162 41 60 upon upon IN 12162 41 61 the the DT 12162 41 62 conscience conscience NN 12162 41 63 of of IN 12162 41 64 the the DT 12162 41 65 author author NN 12162 41 66 . . . 12162 42 1 In in IN 12162 42 2 the the DT 12162 42 3 second second JJ 12162 42 4 place place NN 12162 42 5 it -PRON- PRP 12162 42 6 must must MD 12162 42 7 be be VB 12162 42 8 remembered remember VBN 12162 42 9 that that IN 12162 42 10 most most JJS 12162 42 11 of of IN 12162 42 12 such such JJ 12162 42 13 histories history NNS 12162 42 14 , , , 12162 42 15 or or CC 12162 42 16 at at IN 12162 42 17 least least JJS 12162 42 18 of of IN 12162 42 19 the the DT 12162 42 20 monkish monkish NN 12162 42 21 or or CC 12162 42 22 other other JJ 12162 42 23 records record NNS 12162 42 24 from from IN 12162 42 25 which which WDT 12162 42 26 they -PRON- PRP 12162 42 27 derive derive VBP 12162 42 28 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 42 29 source source NN 12162 42 30 and and CC 12162 42 31 most most JJS 12162 42 32 of of IN 12162 42 33 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 42 34 material material NN 12162 42 35 , , , 12162 42 36 were be VBD 12162 42 37 written write VBN 12162 42 38 to to IN 12162 42 39 the the DT 12162 42 40 glory glory NN 12162 42 41 or or CC 12162 42 42 under under IN 12162 42 43 the the DT 12162 42 44 auspices auspex NNS 12162 42 45 of of IN 12162 42 46 some some DT 12162 42 47 dominant dominant JJ 12162 42 48 noble noble JJ 12162 42 49 family family NN 12162 42 50 or or CC 12162 42 51 ecclesiastical ecclesiastical JJ 12162 42 52 institution institution NN 12162 42 53 , , , 12162 42 54 to to IN 12162 42 55 whose whose WP$ 12162 42 56 laudation laudation NN 12162 42 57 in in IN 12162 42 58 ages age NNS 12162 42 59 past past JJ 12162 42 60 and and CC 12162 42 61 present present VB 12162 42 62 the the DT 12162 42 63 humble humble JJ 12162 42 64 author author NN 12162 42 65 devotes devote VBZ 12162 42 66 all all PDT 12162 42 67 the the DT 12162 42 68 resources resource NNS 12162 42 69 of of IN 12162 42 70 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 42 71 mind mind NN 12162 42 72 , , , 12162 42 73 and and CC 12162 42 74 I -PRON- PRP 12162 42 75 am be VBP 12162 42 76 afraid afraid JJ 12162 42 77 far far RB 12162 42 78 too too RB 12162 42 79 often often RB 12162 42 80 of of IN 12162 42 81 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 42 82 imagination imagination NN 12162 42 83 . . . 12162 43 1 Let let VB 12162 43 2 us -PRON- PRP 12162 43 3 now now RB 12162 43 4 cast cast VB 12162 43 5 a a DT 12162 43 6 glance glance NN 12162 43 7 at at IN 12162 43 8 the the DT 12162 43 9 exhausted exhausted JJ 12162 43 10 civilization civilization NN 12162 43 11 of of IN 12162 43 12 the the DT 12162 43 13 towns town NNS 12162 43 14 of of IN 12162 43 15 Northern Northern NNP 12162 43 16 Italy Italy NNP 12162 43 17 , , , 12162 43 18 where where WRB 12162 43 19 the the DT 12162 43 20 formal formal JJ 12162 43 21 shell shell NN 12162 43 22 of of IN 12162 43 23 Roman roman JJ 12162 43 24 organization organization NN 12162 43 25 still still RB 12162 43 26 remained remain VBD 12162 43 27 , , , 12162 43 28 after after IN 12162 43 29 the the DT 12162 43 30 vigor vigor NN 12162 43 31 and and CC 12162 43 32 life life NN 12162 43 33 which which WDT 12162 43 34 had have VBD 12162 43 35 produced produce VBN 12162 43 36 it -PRON- PRP 12162 43 37 had have VBD 12162 43 38 long long RB 12162 43 39 been be VBN 12162 43 40 destroyed destroy VBN 12162 43 41 . . . 12162 44 1 To to TO 12162 44 2 describe describe VB 12162 44 3 the the DT 12162 44 4 condition condition NN 12162 44 5 of of IN 12162 44 6 the the DT 12162 44 7 Roman Roman NNP 12162 44 8 _ _ NNP 12162 44 9 municipia municipia NN 12162 44 10 _ _ NNP 12162 44 11 at at IN 12162 44 12 the the DT 12162 44 13 time time NN 12162 44 14 of of IN 12162 44 15 the the DT 12162 44 16 Teutonic teutonic JJ 12162 44 17 invasions invasion NNS 12162 44 18 is be VBZ 12162 44 19 but but CC 12162 44 20 to to TO 12162 44 21 tell tell VB 12162 44 22 a a DT 12162 44 23 part part NN 12162 44 24 of of IN 12162 44 25 the the DT 12162 44 26 story story NN 12162 44 27 of of IN 12162 44 28 the the DT 12162 44 29 fall fall NN 12162 44 30 of of IN 12162 44 31 the the DT 12162 44 32 Roman Roman NNP 12162 44 33 Empire Empire NNP 12162 44 34 . . . 12162 45 1 The the DT 12162 45 2 municipal municipal JJ 12162 45 3 system system NN 12162 45 4 , , , 12162 45 5 which which WDT 12162 45 6 from from IN 12162 45 7 the the DT 12162 45 8 names name NNS 12162 45 9 and and CC 12162 45 10 duties duty NNS 12162 45 11 of of IN 12162 45 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 45 13 officers officer NNS 12162 45 14 would would MD 12162 45 15 seem seem VB 12162 45 16 to to TO 12162 45 17 represent represent VB 12162 45 18 a a DT 12162 45 19 surprising surprising JJ 12162 45 20 amount amount NN 12162 45 21 of of IN 12162 45 22 local local JJ 12162 45 23 independence independence NN 12162 45 24 in in IN 12162 45 25 matters matter NNS 12162 45 26 of of IN 12162 45 27 administration administration NN 12162 45 28 , , , 12162 45 29 even even RB 12162 45 30 a a DT 12162 45 31 collection collection NN 12162 45 32 of of IN 12162 45 33 small small JJ 12162 45 34 almost almost RB 12162 45 35 free free JJ 12162 45 36 republics republic NNS 12162 45 37 , , , 12162 45 38 had have VBD 12162 45 39 lost lose VBN 12162 45 40 all all PDT 12162 45 41 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 45 42 strength strength NN 12162 45 43 and and CC 12162 45 44 all all DT 12162 45 45 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 45 46 vital vital JJ 12162 45 47 power power NN 12162 45 48 by by IN 12162 45 49 the the DT 12162 45 50 grinding grind VBG 12162 45 51 exactions exaction NNS 12162 45 52 of of IN 12162 45 53 a a DT 12162 45 54 centralized centralized JJ 12162 45 55 despotism despotism NN 12162 45 56 , , , 12162 45 57 which which WDT 12162 45 58 was be VBD 12162 45 59 compelled compel VBN 12162 45 60 to to TO 12162 45 61 support support VB 12162 45 62 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 45 63 declining decline VBG 12162 45 64 power power NN 12162 45 65 by by IN 12162 45 66 strengthening strengthen VBG 12162 45 67 the the DT 12162 45 68 very very JJ 12162 45 69 forces force NNS 12162 45 70 which which WDT 12162 45 71 were be VBD 12162 45 72 working work VBG 12162 45 73 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 45 74 destruction destruction NN 12162 45 75 , , , 12162 45 76 at at IN 12162 45 77 the the DT 12162 45 78 expense expense NN 12162 45 79 of of IN 12162 45 80 destroying destroy VBG 12162 45 81 those those DT 12162 45 82 from from IN 12162 45 83 which which WDT 12162 45 84 it -PRON- PRP 12162 45 85 should should MD 12162 45 86 have have VB 12162 45 87 gained gain VBN 12162 45 88 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 45 89 strength strength NN 12162 45 90 . . . 12162 46 1 The the DT 12162 46 2 stability stability NN 12162 46 3 of of IN 12162 46 4 every every DT 12162 46 5 state state NN 12162 46 6 rests rest NNS 12162 46 7 ultimately ultimately RB 12162 46 8 on on IN 12162 46 9 the the DT 12162 46 10 wealth wealth NN 12162 46 11 and and CC 12162 46 12 character character NN 12162 46 13 of of IN 12162 46 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 46 15 citizens citizen NNS 12162 46 16 , , , 12162 46 17 and and CC 12162 46 18 any any DT 12162 46 19 government government NN 12162 46 20 which which WDT 12162 46 21 exhausts exhaust VBZ 12162 46 22 the the DT 12162 46 23 one one CD 12162 46 24 and and CC 12162 46 25 degrades degrade VBZ 12162 46 26 the the DT 12162 46 27 other other JJ 12162 46 28 in in IN 12162 46 29 an an DT 12162 46 30 effort effort NN 12162 46 31 to to TO 12162 46 32 maintain maintain VB 12162 46 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 46 34 own own JJ 12162 46 35 unlimited unlimited JJ 12162 46 36 power power NN 12162 46 37 has have VBZ 12162 46 38 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 46 39 days day NNS 12162 46 40 numbered number VBN 12162 46 41 . . . 12162 47 1 Under under IN 12162 47 2 the the DT 12162 47 3 despotic despotic JJ 12162 47 4 rule rule NN 12162 47 5 of of IN 12162 47 6 the the DT 12162 47 7 later later JJ 12162 47 8 emperors emperor NNS 12162 47 9 the the DT 12162 47 10 municipalities municipality NNS 12162 47 11 had have VBD 12162 47 12 lost lose VBN 12162 47 13 all all DT 12162 47 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 47 15 power power NN 12162 47 16 , , , 12162 47 17 though though IN 12162 47 18 in in IN 12162 47 19 theory theory NN 12162 47 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 47 21 rights right NNS 12162 47 22 were be VBD 12162 47 23 unassailed unassailed JJ 12162 47 24 . . . 12162 48 1 The the DT 12162 48 2 _ _ NNP 12162 48 3 curia curia NN 12162 48 4 _ _ NNP 12162 48 5 could could MD 12162 48 6 elect elect VB 12162 48 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 48 8 magistrates magistrate NNS 12162 48 9 as as IN 12162 48 10 of of IN 12162 48 11 old old JJ 12162 48 12 , , , 12162 48 13 and and CC 12162 48 14 these these DT 12162 48 15 magistrates magistrate NNS 12162 48 16 could could MD 12162 48 17 legislate legislate VB 12162 48 18 for for IN 12162 48 19 the the DT 12162 48 20 _ _ NNP 12162 48 21 municipium municipium NN 12162 48 22 _ _ NNP 12162 48 23 , , , 12162 48 24 but but CC 12162 48 25 by by IN 12162 48 26 a a DT 12162 48 27 single single JJ 12162 48 28 word word NN 12162 48 29 the the DT 12162 48 30 imperial imperial JJ 12162 48 31 delegate delegate NN 12162 48 32 could could MD 12162 48 33 annul annul VB 12162 48 34 the the DT 12162 48 35 choice choice NN 12162 48 36 of of IN 12162 48 37 the the DT 12162 48 38 one one NN 12162 48 39 and and CC 12162 48 40 the the DT 12162 48 41 acts act NNS 12162 48 42 of of IN 12162 48 43 the the DT 12162 48 44 other other JJ 12162 48 45 . . . 12162 49 1 The the DT 12162 49 2 economic economic JJ 12162 49 3 condition condition NN 12162 49 4 of of IN 12162 49 5 the the DT 12162 49 6 people people NNS 12162 49 7 amounted amount VBD 12162 49 8 to to IN 12162 49 9 little little JJ 12162 49 10 short short JJ 12162 49 11 of of IN 12162 49 12 bankruptcy bankruptcy NN 12162 49 13 ; ; : 12162 49 14 the the DT 12162 49 15 possession possession NN 12162 49 16 of of IN 12162 49 17 wealth wealth NN 12162 49 18 , , , 12162 49 19 in in IN 12162 49 20 landed landed JJ 12162 49 21 property property NN 12162 49 22 especially especially RB 12162 49 23 , , , 12162 49 24 having have VBG 12162 49 25 become become VBN 12162 49 26 but but CC 12162 49 27 a a DT 12162 49 28 burden burden NN 12162 49 29 to to TO 12162 49 30 be be VB 12162 49 31 avoided avoid VBN 12162 49 32 , , , 12162 49 33 and and CC 12162 49 34 a a DT 12162 49 35 source source NN 12162 49 36 of of IN 12162 49 37 exaction exaction NN 12162 49 38 rather rather RB 12162 49 39 than than IN 12162 49 40 of of IN 12162 49 41 satisfaction satisfaction NN 12162 49 42 to to IN 12162 49 43 the the DT 12162 49 44 owner owner NN 12162 49 45 . . . 12162 50 1 The the DT 12162 50 2 inequalities inequality NNS 12162 50 3 of of IN 12162 50 4 burdens burden NNS 12162 50 5 and and CC 12162 50 6 of of IN 12162 50 7 rank rank NN 12162 50 8 were be VBD 12162 50 9 great great JJ 12162 50 10 . . . 12162 51 1 The the DT 12162 51 2 citizens citizen NNS 12162 51 3 were be VBD 12162 51 4 divided divide VBN 12162 51 5 into into IN 12162 51 6 three three CD 12162 51 7 classes class NNS 12162 51 8 : : : 12162 51 9 ( ( -LRB- 12162 51 10 1 1 LS 12162 51 11 ) ) -RRB- 12162 51 12 the the DT 12162 51 13 privileged privileged JJ 12162 51 14 classes class NNS 12162 51 15 , , , 12162 51 16 ( ( -LRB- 12162 51 17 2 2 LS 12162 51 18 ) ) -RRB- 12162 51 19 the the DT 12162 51 20 Curials Curials NNPS 12162 51 21 , , , 12162 51 22 ( ( -LRB- 12162 51 23 3 3 LS 12162 51 24 ) ) -RRB- 12162 51 25 the the DT 12162 51 26 common common JJ 12162 51 27 people people NNS 12162 51 28 . . . 12162 52 1 The the DT 12162 52 2 first first JJ 12162 52 3 , , , 12162 52 4 freely freely RB 12162 52 5 speaking speak VBG 12162 52 6 , , , 12162 52 7 were be VBD 12162 52 8 those those DT 12162 52 9 who who WP 12162 52 10 had have VBD 12162 52 11 in in IN 12162 52 12 a a DT 12162 52 13 manner manner NN 12162 52 14 succeeded succeed VBN 12162 52 15 in in IN 12162 52 16 detaching detach VBG 12162 52 17 themselves -PRON- PRP 12162 52 18 from from IN 12162 52 19 the the DT 12162 52 20 interests interest NNS 12162 52 21 of of IN 12162 52 22 the the DT 12162 52 23 _ _ NNP 12162 52 24 municipium municipium NN 12162 52 25 _ _ NNP 12162 52 26 to to TO 12162 52 27 which which WDT 12162 52 28 they -PRON- PRP 12162 52 29 belonged belong VBD 12162 52 30 ; ; : 12162 52 31 such such JJ 12162 52 32 were be VBD 12162 52 33 the the DT 12162 52 34 members member NNS 12162 52 35 of of IN 12162 52 36 the the DT 12162 52 37 Senate Senate NNP 12162 52 38 , , , 12162 52 39 including include VBG 12162 52 40 all all DT 12162 52 41 with with IN 12162 52 42 the the DT 12162 52 43 indefinite indefinite JJ 12162 52 44 title title NN 12162 52 45 of of IN 12162 52 46 _ _ NNP 12162 52 47 clarissimi clarissimi NNP 12162 52 48 _ _ NNP 12162 52 49 , , , 12162 52 50 the the DT 12162 52 51 soldiers soldier NNS 12162 52 52 , , , 12162 52 53 the the DT 12162 52 54 clergy clergy NN 12162 52 55 , , , 12162 52 56 the the DT 12162 52 57 public public JJ 12162 52 58 magistrates magistrate NNS 12162 52 59 as as IN 12162 52 60 distinguished distinguish VBN 12162 52 61 from from IN 12162 52 62 the the DT 12162 52 63 municipal municipal JJ 12162 52 64 officers officer NNS 12162 52 65 . . . 12162 53 1 The the DT 12162 53 2 second second JJ 12162 53 3 consisted consist VBD 12162 53 4 of of IN 12162 53 5 all all DT 12162 53 6 citizens citizen NNS 12162 53 7 of of IN 12162 53 8 a a DT 12162 53 9 town town NN 12162 53 10 , , , 12162 53 11 whether whether IN 12162 53 12 natives--_municipes_--or natives--_municipes_--or NNP 12162 53 13 settlers--_incolae_--who settlers--_incolae_--who CD 12162 53 14 possessed possess VBD 12162 53 15 landed land VBD 12162 53 16 property property NN 12162 53 17 of of IN 12162 53 18 more more JJR 12162 53 19 than than IN 12162 53 20 twenty twenty CD 12162 53 21 - - HYPH 12162 53 22 five five CD 12162 53 23 _ _ NNP 12162 53 24 jugera jugera NNP 12162 53 25 _ _ NNP 12162 53 26 , , , 12162 53 27 and and CC 12162 53 28 did do VBD 12162 53 29 not not RB 12162 53 30 belong belong VB 12162 53 31 to to IN 12162 53 32 any any DT 12162 53 33 privileged privileged JJ 12162 53 34 class class NN 12162 53 35 : : : 12162 53 36 both both PDT 12162 53 37 these these DT 12162 53 38 classes class NNS 12162 53 39 were be VBD 12162 53 40 hereditary hereditary JJ 12162 53 41 . . . 12162 54 1 The the DT 12162 54 2 third third JJ 12162 54 3 , , , 12162 54 4 of of IN 12162 54 5 all all DT 12162 54 6 free free JJ 12162 54 7 citizens citizen NNS 12162 54 8 whose whose WP$ 12162 54 9 poverty poverty NN 12162 54 10 debarred debar VBD 12162 54 11 them -PRON- PRP 12162 54 12 from from IN 12162 54 13 belonging belong VBG 12162 54 14 to to IN 12162 54 15 either either DT 12162 54 16 of of IN 12162 54 17 the the DT 12162 54 18 preceding precede VBG 12162 54 19 divisions division NNS 12162 54 20 . . . 12162 55 1 On on IN 12162 55 2 the the DT 12162 55 3 second second NN 12162 55 4 of of IN 12162 55 5 these these DT 12162 55 6 classes class NNS 12162 55 7 , , , 12162 55 8 the the DT 12162 55 9 Curials Curials NNPS 12162 55 10 , , , 12162 55 11 fell fall VBD 12162 55 12 all all PDT 12162 55 13 the the DT 12162 55 14 grinding grind VBG 12162 55 15 burdens burden NNS 12162 55 16 of of IN 12162 55 17 the the DT 12162 55 18 state state NN 12162 55 19 , , , 12162 55 20 the the DT 12162 55 21 executing executing NN 12162 55 22 of of IN 12162 55 23 municipal municipal JJ 12162 55 24 duties duty NNS 12162 55 25 , , , 12162 55 26 and and CC 12162 55 27 the the DT 12162 55 28 exactions exaction NNS 12162 55 29 of of IN 12162 55 30 the the DT 12162 55 31 central central JJ 12162 55 32 government government NN 12162 55 33 . . . 12162 56 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 56 2 is be VBZ 12162 56 3 not not RB 12162 56 4 necessary necessary JJ 12162 56 5 for for IN 12162 56 6 me -PRON- PRP 12162 56 7 to to TO 12162 56 8 trace trace NN 12162 56 9 here here RB 12162 56 10 the the DT 12162 56 11 development development NN 12162 56 12 of of IN 12162 56 13 that that DT 12162 56 14 financial financial JJ 12162 56 15 policy policy NN 12162 56 16 which which WDT 12162 56 17 resulted result VBD 12162 56 18 in in IN 12162 56 19 the the DT 12162 56 20 ruin ruin NN 12162 56 21 , , , 12162 56 22 I -PRON- PRP 12162 56 23 may may MD 12162 56 24 say say VB 12162 56 25 the the DT 12162 56 26 annihilation annihilation NN 12162 56 27 of of IN 12162 56 28 this this DT 12162 56 29 order order NN 12162 56 30 . . . 12162 57 1 Suffice suffice VB 12162 57 2 it -PRON- PRP 12162 57 3 to to TO 12162 57 4 say say VB 12162 57 5 that that IN 12162 57 6 it -PRON- PRP 12162 57 7 formed form VBD 12162 57 8 the the DT 12162 57 9 capital capital NN 12162 57 10 fund fund NN 12162 57 11 of of IN 12162 57 12 the the DT 12162 57 13 government government NN 12162 57 14 which which WDT 12162 57 15 exhausted exhaust VBD 12162 57 16 it -PRON- PRP 12162 57 17 , , , 12162 57 18 and and CC 12162 57 19 when when WRB 12162 57 20 the the DT 12162 57 21 source source NN 12162 57 22 of of IN 12162 57 23 supply supply NN 12162 57 24 was be VBD 12162 57 25 destroyed destroy VBN 12162 57 26 , , , 12162 57 27 production production NN 12162 57 28 ceased cease VBD 12162 57 29 , , , 12162 57 30 and and CC 12162 57 31 with with IN 12162 57 32 it -PRON- PRP 12162 57 33 , , , 12162 57 34 of of IN 12162 57 35 course course NN 12162 57 36 , , , 12162 57 37 all all DT 12162 57 38 means mean NNS 12162 57 39 of of IN 12162 57 40 governmental governmental JJ 12162 57 41 support support NN 12162 57 42 . . . 12162 58 1 Where where WRB 12162 58 2 the the DT 12162 58 3 extinction extinction NN 12162 58 4 of of IN 12162 58 5 this this DT 12162 58 6 " " `` 12162 58 7 middle middle JJ 12162 58 8 class class NN 12162 58 9 " " '' 12162 58 10 touches touch VBZ 12162 58 11 the the DT 12162 58 12 point point NN 12162 58 13 of of IN 12162 58 14 our -PRON- PRP$ 12162 58 15 inquiry inquiry NN 12162 58 16 is be VBZ 12162 58 17 in in IN 12162 58 18 affording afford VBG 12162 58 19 an an DT 12162 58 20 explanation explanation NN 12162 58 21 of of IN 12162 58 22 a a DT 12162 58 23 circumstance circumstance NN 12162 58 24 in in IN 12162 58 25 the the DT 12162 58 26 history history NN 12162 58 27 of of IN 12162 58 28 the the DT 12162 58 29 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 58 30 subjugation subjugation NN 12162 58 31 of of IN 12162 58 32 the the DT 12162 58 33 Italian italian JJ 12162 58 34 towns town NNS 12162 58 35 , , , 12162 58 36 which which WDT 12162 58 37 without without IN 12162 58 38 consideration consideration NN 12162 58 39 of of IN 12162 58 40 this this DT 12162 58 41 fact fact NN 12162 58 42 would would MD 12162 58 43 appear appear VB 12162 58 44 almost almost RB 12162 58 45 incomprehensible incomprehensible JJ 12162 58 46 . . . 12162 59 1 I -PRON- PRP 12162 59 2 refer refer VBP 12162 59 3 to to IN 12162 59 4 the the DT 12162 59 5 utter utter JJ 12162 59 6 passivity passivity NN 12162 59 7 of of IN 12162 59 8 the the DT 12162 59 9 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 12162 59 10 , , , 12162 59 11 not not RB 12162 59 12 only only RB 12162 59 13 in in IN 12162 59 14 the the DT 12162 59 15 matter matter NN 12162 59 16 of of IN 12162 59 17 resistance resistance NN 12162 59 18 to to TO 12162 59 19 attack attack VB 12162 59 20 , , , 12162 59 21 which which WDT 12162 59 22 the the DT 12162 59 23 greater great JJR 12162 59 24 strength strength NN 12162 59 25 and and CC 12162 59 26 courage courage NN 12162 59 27 of of IN 12162 59 28 the the DT 12162 59 29 invaders invader NNS 12162 59 30 perhaps perhaps RB 12162 59 31 rendered render VBN 12162 59 32 useless useless JJ 12162 59 33 , , , 12162 59 34 but but CC 12162 59 35 in in IN 12162 59 36 what what WP 12162 59 37 is be VBZ 12162 59 38 more more RBR 12162 59 39 surprising surprising JJ 12162 59 40 , , , 12162 59 41 the the DT 12162 59 42 fact fact NN 12162 59 43 that that IN 12162 59 44 after after IN 12162 59 45 the the DT 12162 59 46 easy easy JJ 12162 59 47 conquest conquest NN 12162 59 48 was be VBD 12162 59 49 completed complete VBN 12162 59 50 , , , 12162 59 51 we -PRON- PRP 12162 59 52 hear hear VBP 12162 59 53 nothing nothing NN 12162 59 54 of of IN 12162 59 55 the the DT 12162 59 56 manner manner NN 12162 59 57 in in IN 12162 59 58 which which WDT 12162 59 59 the the DT 12162 59 60 people people NNS 12162 59 61 adapted adapt VBD 12162 59 62 themselves -PRON- PRP 12162 59 63 to to IN 12162 59 64 the the DT 12162 59 65 totally totally RB 12162 59 66 new new JJ 12162 59 67 condition condition NN 12162 59 68 of of IN 12162 59 69 life life NN 12162 59 70 and and CC 12162 59 71 of of IN 12162 59 72 government government NN 12162 59 73 to to TO 12162 59 74 which which WDT 12162 59 75 they -PRON- PRP 12162 59 76 were be VBD 12162 59 77 subjected subject VBN 12162 59 78 . . . 12162 60 1 Even even RB 12162 60 2 if if IN 12162 60 3 we -PRON- PRP 12162 60 4 can can MD 12162 60 5 understand understand VB 12162 60 6 hearing hear VBG 12162 60 7 nothing nothing NN 12162 60 8 of of IN 12162 60 9 what what WP 12162 60 10 the the DT 12162 60 11 people people NNS 12162 60 12 did do VBD 12162 60 13 , , , 12162 60 14 at at IN 12162 60 15 least least JJS 12162 60 16 we -PRON- PRP 12162 60 17 should should MD 12162 60 18 expect expect VB 12162 60 19 to to TO 12162 60 20 hear hear VB 12162 60 21 what what WP 12162 60 22 was be VBD 12162 60 23 done do VBN 12162 60 24 with with IN 12162 60 25 it -PRON- PRP 12162 60 26 , , , 12162 60 27 what what WP 12162 60 28 it -PRON- PRP 12162 60 29 became become VBD 12162 60 30 . . . 12162 61 1 The the DT 12162 61 2 story story NN 12162 61 3 of of IN 12162 61 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 61 5 resistance resistance NN 12162 61 6 might may MD 12162 61 7 be be VB 12162 61 8 short short JJ 12162 61 9 and and CC 12162 61 10 soon soon RB 12162 61 11 forgotten forget VBN 12162 61 12 , , , 12162 61 13 but but CC 12162 61 14 the the DT 12162 61 15 story story NN 12162 61 16 of of IN 12162 61 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 61 18 sufferings suffering NNS 12162 61 19 , , , 12162 61 20 of of IN 12162 61 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 61 22 complaints complaint NNS 12162 61 23 , , , 12162 61 24 of of IN 12162 61 25 struggle struggle NN 12162 61 26 against against IN 12162 61 27 the the DT 12162 61 28 entire entire JJ 12162 61 29 change change NN 12162 61 30 in in IN 12162 61 31 the the DT 12162 61 32 order order NN 12162 61 33 and and CC 12162 61 34 character character NN 12162 61 35 of of IN 12162 61 36 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 61 37 life life NN 12162 61 38 , , , 12162 61 39 should should MD 12162 61 40 be be VB 12162 61 41 a a DT 12162 61 42 long long JJ 12162 61 43 one one CD 12162 61 44 . . . 12162 62 1 But but CC 12162 62 2 of of IN 12162 62 3 this this DT 12162 62 4 no no DT 12162 62 5 record record NN 12162 62 6 , , , 12162 62 7 hardly hardly RB 12162 62 8 mention mention VBP 12162 62 9 even even RB 12162 62 10 appears appear VBZ 12162 62 11 . . . 12162 63 1 When when WRB 12162 63 2 the the DT 12162 63 3 central central JJ 12162 63 4 government government NN 12162 63 5 falls fall VBZ 12162 63 6 and and CC 12162 63 7 the the DT 12162 63 8 last last JJ 12162 63 9 of of IN 12162 63 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 63 11 legions legion NNS 12162 63 12 are be VBP 12162 63 13 destroyed destroy VBN 12162 63 14 or or CC 12162 63 15 have have VBP 12162 63 16 departed depart VBN 12162 63 17 , , , 12162 63 18 there there EX 12162 63 19 seems seem VBZ 12162 63 20 to to TO 12162 63 21 be be VB 12162 63 22 no no DT 12162 63 23 thought thought NN 12162 63 24 of of IN 12162 63 25 any any DT 12162 63 26 other other JJ 12162 63 27 element element NN 12162 63 28 in in IN 12162 63 29 society society NN 12162 63 30 . . . 12162 64 1 If if IN 12162 64 2 the the DT 12162 64 3 evidence evidence NN 12162 64 4 of of IN 12162 64 5 the the DT 12162 64 6 law law NN 12162 64 7 codes code NNS 12162 64 8 did do VBD 12162 64 9 not not RB 12162 64 10 tell tell VB 12162 64 11 us -PRON- PRP 12162 64 12 that that IN 12162 64 13 a a DT 12162 64 14 Roman roman JJ 12162 64 15 population population NN 12162 64 16 existed exist VBD 12162 64 17 , , , 12162 64 18 history history NN 12162 64 19 would would MD 12162 64 20 record record VB 12162 64 21 little little JJ 12162 64 22 to to TO 12162 64 23 indicate indicate VB 12162 64 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 64 25 presence presence NN 12162 64 26 . . . 12162 65 1 Not not RB 12162 65 2 only only RB 12162 65 3 is be VBZ 12162 65 4 even even RB 12162 65 5 the the DT 12162 65 6 slightest slight JJS 12162 65 7 trace trace NN 12162 65 8 of of IN 12162 65 9 nationality nationality NN 12162 65 10 effaced efface VBN 12162 65 11 , , , 12162 65 12 but but CC 12162 65 13 the the DT 12162 65 14 merging merging NN 12162 65 15 of of IN 12162 65 16 the the DT 12162 65 17 old old JJ 12162 65 18 conditions condition NNS 12162 65 19 of of IN 12162 65 20 life life NN 12162 65 21 into into IN 12162 65 22 the the DT 12162 65 23 new new JJ 12162 65 24 seems seem NNS 12162 65 25 of of IN 12162 65 26 too too RB 12162 65 27 little little JJ 12162 65 28 consequence consequence NN 12162 65 29 to to IN 12162 65 30 merit merit NN 12162 65 31 even even RB 12162 65 32 an an DT 12162 65 33 allusion allusion NN 12162 65 34 . . . 12162 66 1 This this DT 12162 66 2 state state NN 12162 66 3 of of IN 12162 66 4 affairs affair NNS 12162 66 5 , , , 12162 66 6 as as IN 12162 66 7 said say VBD 12162 66 8 above above RB 12162 66 9 , , , 12162 66 10 is be VBZ 12162 66 11 caused cause VBN 12162 66 12 by by IN 12162 66 13 the the DT 12162 66 14 annihilation annihilation NN 12162 66 15 , , , 12162 66 16 by by IN 12162 66 17 the the DT 12162 66 18 despotic despotic JJ 12162 66 19 power power NN 12162 66 20 of of IN 12162 66 21 the the DT 12162 66 22 central central JJ 12162 66 23 government government NN 12162 66 24 , , , 12162 66 25 of of IN 12162 66 26 that that DT 12162 66 27 middle middle JJ 12162 66 28 class class NN 12162 66 29 which which WDT 12162 66 30 in in IN 12162 66 31 times time NNS 12162 66 32 of of IN 12162 66 33 prosperity prosperity NN 12162 66 34 formed form VBD 12162 66 35 the the DT 12162 66 36 sinews sinew NNS 12162 66 37 of of IN 12162 66 38 the the DT 12162 66 39 state state NN 12162 66 40 . . . 12162 67 1 Of of IN 12162 67 2 the the DT 12162 67 3 other other JJ 12162 67 4 classes class NNS 12162 67 5 , , , 12162 67 6 the the DT 12162 67 7 privileged privileged JJ 12162 67 8 class class NN 12162 67 9 , , , 12162 67 10 with with IN 12162 67 11 the the DT 12162 67 12 exception exception NN 12162 67 13 of of IN 12162 67 14 the the DT 12162 67 15 clergy clergy NN 12162 67 16 , , , 12162 67 17 fell fall VBD 12162 67 18 of of RB 12162 67 19 course course NN 12162 67 20 with with IN 12162 67 21 the the DT 12162 67 22 government government NN 12162 67 23 which which WDT 12162 67 24 supported support VBD 12162 67 25 it -PRON- PRP 12162 67 26 , , , 12162 67 27 and and CC 12162 67 28 the the DT 12162 67 29 common common JJ 12162 67 30 people people NNS 12162 67 31 possessed possess VBD 12162 67 32 no no DT 12162 67 33 individuality individuality NN 12162 67 34 , , , 12162 67 35 no no DT 12162 67 36 power power NN 12162 67 37 , , , 12162 67 38 and and CC 12162 67 39 hardly hardly RB 12162 67 40 any any DT 12162 67 41 rights right NNS 12162 67 42 . . . 12162 68 1 Such such JJ 12162 68 2 , , , 12162 68 3 then then RB 12162 68 4 , , , 12162 68 5 was be VBD 12162 68 6 the the DT 12162 68 7 condition condition NN 12162 68 8 of of IN 12162 68 9 the the DT 12162 68 10 towns town NNS 12162 68 11 at at IN 12162 68 12 the the DT 12162 68 13 time time NN 12162 68 14 of of IN 12162 68 15 the the DT 12162 68 16 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 68 17 invasion invasion NN 12162 68 18 , , , 12162 68 19 a a DT 12162 68 20 condition condition NN 12162 68 21 of of IN 12162 68 22 such such JJ 12162 68 23 abasement abasement NN 12162 68 24 and and CC 12162 68 25 such such JJ 12162 68 26 degradation degradation NN 12162 68 27 as as RB 12162 68 28 literally literally RB 12162 68 29 to to TO 12162 68 30 have have VB 12162 68 31 no no DT 12162 68 32 history history NN 12162 68 33 ; ; , 12162 68 34 a a DT 12162 68 35 condition condition NN 12162 68 36 which which WDT 12162 68 37 indeed indeed RB 12162 68 38 can can MD 12162 68 39 truthfully truthfully RB 12162 68 40 be be VB 12162 68 41 said say VBN 12162 68 42 to to IN 12162 68 43 merit merit VB 12162 68 44 none none NN 12162 68 45 . . . 12162 69 1 History history NN 12162 69 2 tells tell VBZ 12162 69 3 the the DT 12162 69 4 story story NN 12162 69 5 of of IN 12162 69 6 every every DT 12162 69 7 great great JJ 12162 69 8 nation nation NN 12162 69 9 on on IN 12162 69 10 the the DT 12162 69 11 face face NN 12162 69 12 of of IN 12162 69 13 the the DT 12162 69 14 earth earth NN 12162 69 15 in in IN 12162 69 16 three three CD 12162 69 17 short short JJ 12162 69 18 words word NNS 12162 69 19 , , , 12162 69 20 growth growth NN 12162 69 21 , , , 12162 69 22 supremacy supremacy NN 12162 69 23 , , , 12162 69 24 decline decline NN 12162 69 25 . . . 12162 70 1 Vary vary VB 12162 70 2 the the DT 12162 70 3 theme theme NN 12162 70 4 as as IN 12162 70 5 you -PRON- PRP 12162 70 6 may may MD 12162 70 7 in in IN 12162 70 8 the the DT 12162 70 9 countless countless JJ 12162 70 10 histories history NNS 12162 70 11 of of IN 12162 70 12 countless countless JJ 12162 70 13 peoples people NNS 12162 70 14 ; ; : 12162 70 15 subdivide subdivide VB 12162 70 16 the the DT 12162 70 17 course course NN 12162 70 18 of of IN 12162 70 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 70 20 progress progress NN 12162 70 21 as as IN 12162 70 22 you -PRON- PRP 12162 70 23 will will MD 12162 70 24 , , , 12162 70 25 allowing allow VBG 12162 70 26 for for IN 12162 70 27 different different JJ 12162 70 28 local local JJ 12162 70 29 causes cause NNS 12162 70 30 and and CC 12162 70 31 different different JJ 12162 70 32 local local JJ 12162 70 33 phenomena phenomenon NNS 12162 70 34 , , , 12162 70 35 the the DT 12162 70 36 true true JJ 12162 70 37 philosophy philosophy NN 12162 70 38 of of IN 12162 70 39 history history NN 12162 70 40 teaches teach VBZ 12162 70 41 that that IN 12162 70 42 no no DT 12162 70 43 real real JJ 12162 70 44 departure departure NN 12162 70 45 from from IN 12162 70 46 this this DT 12162 70 47 natural natural JJ 12162 70 48 development development NN 12162 70 49 is be VBZ 12162 70 50 possible possible JJ 12162 70 51 . . . 12162 71 1 But but CC 12162 71 2 what what WP 12162 71 3 if if IN 12162 71 4 by by IN 12162 71 5 the the DT 12162 71 6 violent violent JJ 12162 71 7 intervention intervention NN 12162 71 8 of of IN 12162 71 9 some some DT 12162 71 10 new new JJ 12162 71 11 and and CC 12162 71 12 entirely entirely RB 12162 71 13 foreign foreign JJ 12162 71 14 force force NN 12162 71 15 , , , 12162 71 16 another another DT 12162 71 17 development development NN 12162 71 18 and and CC 12162 71 19 another another DT 12162 71 20 life life NN 12162 71 21 is be VBZ 12162 71 22 given give VBN 12162 71 23 to to IN 12162 71 24 the the DT 12162 71 25 inanimate inanimate JJ 12162 71 26 ashes ashe NNS 12162 71 27 of of IN 12162 71 28 the the DT 12162 71 29 old old JJ 12162 71 30 ? ? . 12162 72 1 What what WP 12162 72 2 if if IN 12162 72 3 some some DT 12162 72 4 nation nation NN 12162 72 5 , , , 12162 72 6 fresh fresh JJ 12162 72 7 from from IN 12162 72 8 the the DT 12162 72 9 woods wood NNS 12162 72 10 and and CC 12162 72 11 fields field NNS 12162 72 12 of of IN 12162 72 13 the the DT 12162 72 14 childhood childhood NN 12162 72 15 of of IN 12162 72 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 72 17 growth growth NN 12162 72 18 , , , 12162 72 19 come come VB 12162 72 20 with with IN 12162 72 21 overwhelming overwhelming JJ 12162 72 22 yet yet CC 12162 72 23 preserving preserve VBG 12162 72 24 strength strength NN 12162 72 25 and and CC 12162 72 26 infuse infuse VB 12162 72 27 new new JJ 12162 72 28 blood blood NN 12162 72 29 into into IN 12162 72 30 the the DT 12162 72 31 withered withered JJ 12162 72 32 veins vein NNS 12162 72 33 of of IN 12162 72 34 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 72 35 predecessor predecessor NN 12162 72 36 ? ? . 12162 73 1 This this DT 12162 73 2 is be VBZ 12162 73 3 the the DT 12162 73 4 problem problem NN 12162 73 5 we -PRON- PRP 12162 73 6 now now RB 12162 73 7 have have VBP 12162 73 8 before before IN 12162 73 9 us -PRON- PRP 12162 73 10 . . . 12162 74 1 How how WRB 12162 74 2 many many JJ 12162 74 3 writers writer NNS 12162 74 4 of of IN 12162 74 5 Italian italian JJ 12162 74 6 history history NN 12162 74 7 have have VBP 12162 74 8 entitled entitle VBN 12162 74 9 this this DT 12162 74 10 chapter chapter NN 12162 74 11 in in IN 12162 74 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 74 13 development development NN 12162 74 14 " " `` 12162 74 15 A a DT 12162 74 16 new new JJ 12162 74 17 Italian italian JJ 12162 74 18 Nation nation NN 12162 74 19 formed form VBN 12162 74 20 " " '' 12162 74 21 ! ! . 12162 75 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 75 2 is be VBZ 12162 75 3 not not RB 12162 75 4 the the DT 12162 75 5 old old JJ 12162 75 6 glories glory NNS 12162 75 7 of of IN 12162 75 8 Rome Rome NNP 12162 75 9 , , , 12162 75 10 which which WDT 12162 75 11 had have VBD 12162 75 12 been be VBN 12162 75 13 Italy Italy NNP 12162 75 14 , , , 12162 75 15 returning return VBG 12162 75 16 ; ; : 12162 75 17 it -PRON- PRP 12162 75 18 is be VBZ 12162 75 19 a a DT 12162 75 20 new new JJ 12162 75 21 Italian italian JJ 12162 75 22 nation nation NN 12162 75 23 formed form VBN 12162 75 24 . . . 12162 76 1 Each each DT 12162 76 2 word word NN 12162 76 3 tells tell VBZ 12162 76 4 a a DT 12162 76 5 story story NN 12162 76 6 of of IN 12162 76 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 76 8 own own JJ 12162 76 9 . . . 12162 77 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 77 2 is be VBZ 12162 77 3 not not RB 12162 77 4 the the DT 12162 77 5 old old JJ 12162 77 6 galvanized galvanized JJ 12162 77 7 to to IN 12162 77 8 a a DT 12162 77 9 second second JJ 12162 77 10 life life NN 12162 77 11 ; ; : 12162 77 12 it -PRON- PRP 12162 77 13 is be VBZ 12162 77 14 the the DT 12162 77 15 new new JJ 12162 77 16 superimposed superimposed JJ 12162 77 17 , , , 12162 77 18 violently violently RB 12162 77 19 if if IN 12162 77 20 you -PRON- PRP 12162 77 21 will will MD 12162 77 22 , , , 12162 77 23 upon upon IN 12162 77 24 it -PRON- PRP 12162 77 25 . . . 12162 78 1 We -PRON- PRP 12162 78 2 do do VBP 12162 78 3 not not RB 12162 78 4 hear hear VB 12162 78 5 of of IN 12162 78 6 Athens Athens NNP 12162 78 7 or or CC 12162 78 8 of of IN 12162 78 9 Rome Rome NNP 12162 78 10 , , , 12162 78 11 of of IN 12162 78 12 an an DT 12162 78 13 Alexander Alexander NNP 12162 78 14 or or CC 12162 78 15 of of IN 12162 78 16 a a DT 12162 78 17 Caesar Caesar NNP 12162 78 18 , , , 12162 78 19 of of IN 12162 78 20 a a DT 12162 78 21 city city NN 12162 78 22 or or CC 12162 78 23 of of IN 12162 78 24 a a DT 12162 78 25 man man NN 12162 78 26 . . . 12162 79 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 79 2 is be VBZ 12162 79 3 an an DT 12162 79 4 " " `` 12162 79 5 Italian italian JJ 12162 79 6 nation nation NN 12162 79 7 . . . 12162 79 8 " " '' 12162 80 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 80 2 is be VBZ 12162 80 3 the the DT 12162 80 4 individualism individualism NN 12162 80 5 of of IN 12162 80 6 the the DT 12162 80 7 independent independent JJ 12162 80 8 spirit spirit NN 12162 80 9 of of IN 12162 80 10 the the DT 12162 80 11 North North NNP 12162 80 12 , , , 12162 80 13 which which WDT 12162 80 14 " " `` 12162 80 15 forms form VBZ 12162 80 16 " " `` 12162 80 17 a a DT 12162 80 18 nation nation NN 12162 80 19 from from IN 12162 80 20 the the DT 12162 80 21 exhausted exhausted JJ 12162 80 22 remains remain NNS 12162 80 23 of of IN 12162 80 24 the the DT 12162 80 25 development development NN 12162 80 26 of of IN 12162 80 27 centralization centralization NN 12162 80 28 of of IN 12162 80 29 the the DT 12162 80 30 South South NNP 12162 80 31 . . . 12162 81 1 The the DT 12162 81 2 new new JJ 12162 81 3 idea idea NN 12162 81 4 of of IN 12162 81 5 distinct distinct JJ 12162 81 6 nationality nationality NN 12162 81 7 among among IN 12162 81 8 races race NNS 12162 81 9 of of IN 12162 81 10 kindred kindred JJ 12162 81 11 stock stock NN 12162 81 12 was be VBD 12162 81 13 already already RB 12162 81 14 at at IN 12162 81 15 work work NN 12162 81 16 , , , 12162 81 17 even even RB 12162 81 18 though though IN 12162 81 19 it -PRON- PRP 12162 81 20 did do VBD 12162 81 21 not not RB 12162 81 22 reach reach VB 12162 81 23 a a DT 12162 81 24 formal formal JJ 12162 81 25 expression expression NN 12162 81 26 till till IN 12162 81 27 the the DT 12162 81 28 Treaty Treaty NNP 12162 81 29 of of IN 12162 81 30 Verdun Verdun NNP 12162 81 31 , , , 12162 81 32 more more JJR 12162 81 33 than than IN 12162 81 34 two two CD 12162 81 35 hundred hundred CD 12162 81 36 and and CC 12162 81 37 fifty fifty CD 12162 81 38 years year NNS 12162 81 39 later later RB 12162 81 40 . . . 12162 82 1 I -PRON- PRP 12162 82 2 do do VBP 12162 82 3 not not RB 12162 82 4 mean mean VB 12162 82 5 to to TO 12162 82 6 imply imply VB 12162 82 7 that that IN 12162 82 8 we -PRON- PRP 12162 82 9 must must MD 12162 82 10 in in IN 12162 82 11 any any DT 12162 82 12 measure measure NN 12162 82 13 ignore ignore VB 12162 82 14 the the DT 12162 82 15 passive passive JJ 12162 82 16 force force NN 12162 82 17 and and CC 12162 82 18 influence influence NN 12162 82 19 of of IN 12162 82 20 the the DT 12162 82 21 old old JJ 12162 82 22 forms form NNS 12162 82 23 on on IN 12162 82 24 the the DT 12162 82 25 new new JJ 12162 82 26 . . . 12162 83 1 The the DT 12162 83 2 old old JJ 12162 83 3 veins vein NNS 12162 83 4 receive receive VBP 12162 83 5 the the DT 12162 83 6 new new JJ 12162 83 7 blood blood NN 12162 83 8 ; ; : 12162 83 9 the the DT 12162 83 10 new new JJ 12162 83 11 torrent torrent NN 12162 83 12 , , , 12162 83 13 overrunning overrun VBG 12162 83 14 everything everything NN 12162 83 15 at at IN 12162 83 16 first first RB 12162 83 17 with with IN 12162 83 18 the the DT 12162 83 19 strength strength NN 12162 83 20 of of IN 12162 83 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 83 22 new new JJ 12162 83 23 life life NN 12162 83 24 , , , 12162 83 25 will will MD 12162 83 26 find find VB 12162 83 27 again again RB 12162 83 28 , , , 12162 83 29 even even RB 12162 83 30 if if IN 12162 83 31 it -PRON- PRP 12162 83 32 deepen deepen VBP 12162 83 33 , , , 12162 83 34 the the DT 12162 83 35 channel channel NN 12162 83 36 of of IN 12162 83 37 the the DT 12162 83 38 old old JJ 12162 83 39 river river NN 12162 83 40 : : : 12162 83 41 a a DT 12162 83 42 vanquished vanquished JJ 12162 83 43 civilization civilization NN 12162 83 44 will will MD 12162 83 45 always always RB 12162 83 46 subdue subdue VB 12162 83 47 and and CC 12162 83 48 at at IN 12162 83 49 the the DT 12162 83 50 same same JJ 12162 83 51 time time NN 12162 83 52 raise raise VB 12162 83 53 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 83 54 barbarous barbarous JJ 12162 83 55 conquerors conqueror NNS 12162 83 56 , , , 12162 83 57 if if IN 12162 83 58 they -PRON- PRP 12162 83 59 come come VBP 12162 83 60 of of IN 12162 83 61 a a DT 12162 83 62 stock stock NN 12162 83 63 capable capable JJ 12162 83 64 of of IN 12162 83 65 appreciating appreciate VBG 12162 83 66 civilizing civilizing NN 12162 83 67 influences influence NNS 12162 83 68 . . . 12162 84 1 In in IN 12162 84 2 the the DT 12162 84 3 present present JJ 12162 84 4 case case NN 12162 84 5 this this DT 12162 84 6 means mean VBZ 12162 84 7 that that IN 12162 84 8 the the DT 12162 84 9 men man NNS 12162 84 10 of of IN 12162 84 11 the the DT 12162 84 12 North North NNP 12162 84 13 brought bring VBD 12162 84 14 the the DT 12162 84 15 new new JJ 12162 84 16 ideas idea NNS 12162 84 17 that that WDT 12162 84 18 were be VBD 12162 84 19 to to TO 12162 84 20 form form VB 12162 84 21 modern modern JJ 12162 84 22 history history NN 12162 84 23 , , , 12162 84 24 and and CC 12162 84 25 let let VB 12162 84 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 84 27 growth growth NN 12162 84 28 be be VB 12162 84 29 directed direct VBN 12162 84 30 and and CC 12162 84 31 assisted assist VBN 12162 84 32 , , , 12162 84 33 while while IN 12162 84 34 they -PRON- PRP 12162 84 35 were be VBD 12162 84 36 yet yet RB 12162 84 37 too too RB 12162 84 38 young young JJ 12162 84 39 to to TO 12162 84 40 stand stand VB 12162 84 41 alone alone RB 12162 84 42 , , , 12162 84 43 by by IN 12162 84 44 some some DT 12162 84 45 of of IN 12162 84 46 the the DT 12162 84 47 framework framework NN 12162 84 48 which which WDT 12162 84 49 had have VBD 12162 84 50 been be VBN 12162 84 51 built build VBN 12162 84 52 up up RP 12162 84 53 by by IN 12162 84 54 the the DT 12162 84 55 long long JJ 12162 84 56 experience experience NN 12162 84 57 of of IN 12162 84 58 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 84 59 Southern southern JJ 12162 84 60 neighbors neighbor NNS 12162 84 61 . . . 12162 85 1 To to TO 12162 85 2 focus focus VB 12162 85 3 this this DT 12162 85 4 thought thought NN 12162 85 5 on on IN 12162 85 6 the the DT 12162 85 7 immediate immediate JJ 12162 85 8 subject subject NN 12162 85 9 of of IN 12162 85 10 our -PRON- PRP$ 12162 85 11 present present JJ 12162 85 12 study study NN 12162 85 13 , , , 12162 85 14 this this DT 12162 85 15 I -PRON- PRP 12162 85 16 think think VBP 12162 85 17 is be VBZ 12162 85 18 the the DT 12162 85 19 only only JJ 12162 85 20 and and CC 12162 85 21 true true JJ 12162 85 22 solution solution NN 12162 85 23 of of IN 12162 85 24 the the DT 12162 85 25 tedious tedious JJ 12162 85 26 question question NN 12162 85 27 , , , 12162 85 28 so so RB 12162 85 29 much much RB 12162 85 30 discussed discuss VBN 12162 85 31 by by IN 12162 85 32 the the DT 12162 85 33 two two CD 12162 85 34 opposing oppose VBG 12162 85 35 schools school NNS 12162 85 36 of of IN 12162 85 37 thought thought NN 12162 85 38 : : : 12162 85 39 whether whether IN 12162 85 40 the the DT 12162 85 41 government government NN 12162 85 42 of of IN 12162 85 43 the the DT 12162 85 44 Italian italian JJ 12162 85 45 communes commune NNS 12162 85 46 was be VBD 12162 85 47 purely purely RB 12162 85 48 Roman roman JJ 12162 85 49 in in IN 12162 85 50 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 85 51 forms form NNS 12162 85 52 and and CC 12162 85 53 in in IN 12162 85 54 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 85 55 conception conception NN 12162 85 56 , , , 12162 85 57 or or CC 12162 85 58 purely purely RB 12162 85 59 Teutonic Teutonic NNP 12162 85 60 . . . 12162 86 1 The the DT 12162 86 2 supporters supporter NNS 12162 86 3 of of IN 12162 86 4 neither neither DT 12162 86 5 theory theory NN 12162 86 6 can can MD 12162 86 7 be be VB 12162 86 8 said say VBN 12162 86 9 to to TO 12162 86 10 be be VB 12162 86 11 in in IN 12162 86 12 the the DT 12162 86 13 right right NN 12162 86 14 . . . 12162 87 1 You -PRON- PRP 12162 87 2 can can MD 12162 87 3 not not RB 12162 87 4 say say VB 12162 87 5 that that IN 12162 87 6 the the DT 12162 87 7 average average JJ 12162 87 8 city city NN 12162 87 9 government government NN 12162 87 10 was be VBD 12162 87 11 entirely entirely RB 12162 87 12 Roman roman JJ 12162 87 13 or or CC 12162 87 14 entirely entirely RB 12162 87 15 Teutonic teutonic JJ 12162 87 16 , , , 12162 87 17 either either CC 12162 87 18 in in IN 12162 87 19 the the DT 12162 87 20 laws law NNS 12162 87 21 which which WDT 12162 87 22 guided guide VBD 12162 87 23 it -PRON- PRP 12162 87 24 , , , 12162 87 25 or or CC 12162 87 26 in in IN 12162 87 27 the the DT 12162 87 28 channels channel NNS 12162 87 29 by by IN 12162 87 30 which which WDT 12162 87 31 these these DT 12162 87 32 laws law NNS 12162 87 33 were be VBD 12162 87 34 executed execute VBN 12162 87 35 and and CC 12162 87 36 expressed express VBN 12162 87 37 . . . 12162 88 1 I -PRON- PRP 12162 88 2 think think VBP 12162 88 3 much much JJ 12162 88 4 time time NN 12162 88 5 and and CC 12162 88 6 much much JJ 12162 88 7 learning learning NN 12162 88 8 have have VBP 12162 88 9 been be VBN 12162 88 10 spent spend VBN 12162 88 11 on on IN 12162 88 12 a a DT 12162 88 13 discussion discussion NN 12162 88 14 both both CC 12162 88 15 fruitless fruitless JJ 12162 88 16 and and CC 12162 88 17 unnecessary unnecessary JJ 12162 88 18 . . . 12162 89 1 We -PRON- PRP 12162 89 2 can can MD 12162 89 3 not not RB 12162 89 4 err err VB 12162 89 5 if if IN 12162 89 6 we -PRON- PRP 12162 89 7 subject subject VBP 12162 89 8 the the DT 12162 89 9 question question NN 12162 89 10 to to IN 12162 89 11 a a DT 12162 89 12 consideration consideration NN 12162 89 13 at at IN 12162 89 14 once once RB 12162 89 15 critical critical JJ 12162 89 16 and and CC 12162 89 17 impartial impartial JJ 12162 89 18 . . . 12162 90 1 The the DT 12162 90 2 widely widely RB 12162 90 3 differing differing JJ 12162 90 4 opinions opinion NNS 12162 90 5 eagerly eagerly RB 12162 90 6 supported support VBN 12162 90 7 by by IN 12162 90 8 different different JJ 12162 90 9 writers writer NNS 12162 90 10 on on IN 12162 90 11 this this DT 12162 90 12 point point NN 12162 90 13 , , , 12162 90 14 form form VB 12162 90 15 a a DT 12162 90 16 very very RB 12162 90 17 good good JJ 12162 90 18 example example NN 12162 90 19 of of IN 12162 90 20 the the DT 12162 90 21 deceiving deceive VBG 12162 90 22 influence influence NN 12162 90 23 of of IN 12162 90 24 national national JJ 12162 90 25 feeling feeling NN 12162 90 26 on on IN 12162 90 27 the the DT 12162 90 28 judgment judgment NN 12162 90 29 in in IN 12162 90 30 matters matter NNS 12162 90 31 of of IN 12162 90 32 historical historical JJ 12162 90 33 criticism criticism NN 12162 90 34 . . . 12162 91 1 For for IN 12162 91 2 , , , 12162 91 3 on on IN 12162 91 4 the the DT 12162 91 5 one one CD 12162 91 6 hand hand NN 12162 91 7 , , , 12162 91 8 we -PRON- PRP 12162 91 9 find find VBP 12162 91 10 many many JJ 12162 91 11 German german JJ 12162 91 12 writers writer NNS 12162 91 13 ignoring ignore VBG 12162 91 14 entirely entirely RB 12162 91 15 the the DT 12162 91 16 old old JJ 12162 91 17 framework framework NN 12162 91 18 of of IN 12162 91 19 Roman roman JJ 12162 91 20 organization organization NN 12162 91 21 , , , 12162 91 22 and and CC 12162 91 23 recognizing recognize VBG 12162 91 24 only only RB 12162 91 25 the the DT 12162 91 26 new new JJ 12162 91 27 Teutonic teutonic JJ 12162 91 28 life life NN 12162 91 29 which which WDT 12162 91 30 gave give VBD 12162 91 31 back back RB 12162 91 32 to to IN 12162 91 33 it -PRON- PRP 12162 91 34 the the DT 12162 91 35 strength strength NN 12162 91 36 it -PRON- PRP 12162 91 37 had have VBD 12162 91 38 lost lose VBN 12162 91 39 ; ; : 12162 91 40 on on IN 12162 91 41 the the DT 12162 91 42 other other JJ 12162 91 43 , , , 12162 91 44 a a DT 12162 91 45 host host NN 12162 91 46 of of IN 12162 91 47 lesser less JJR 12162 91 48 Italian italian JJ 12162 91 49 writers writer NNS 12162 91 50 who who WP 12162 91 51 magnify magnify VBP 12162 91 52 certain certain JJ 12162 91 53 old old JJ 12162 91 54 names name NNS 12162 91 55 and and CC 12162 91 56 forms form NNS 12162 91 57 , , , 12162 91 58 and and CC 12162 91 59 mistake mistake VB 12162 91 60 them -PRON- PRP 12162 91 61 for for IN 12162 91 62 the the DT 12162 91 63 substance substance NN 12162 91 64 , , , 12162 91 65 making make VBG 12162 91 66 all all PDT 12162 91 67 the the DT 12162 91 68 new new JJ 12162 91 69 life life NN 12162 91 70 of of IN 12162 91 71 Italy Italy NNP 12162 91 72 but but CC 12162 91 73 the the DT 12162 91 74 return return NN 12162 91 75 of of IN 12162 91 76 a a DT 12162 91 77 past past NN 12162 91 78 , , , 12162 91 79 which which WDT 12162 91 80 belonged belong VBD 12162 91 81 to to IN 12162 91 82 a a DT 12162 91 83 greatness greatness NN 12162 91 84 that that WDT 12162 91 85 was be VBD 12162 91 86 dead dead JJ 12162 91 87 . . . 12162 92 1 Many many JJ 12162 92 2 there there EX 12162 92 3 are be VBP 12162 92 4 of of IN 12162 92 5 this this DT 12162 92 6 school school NN 12162 92 7 in in IN 12162 92 8 Italy Italy NNP 12162 92 9 , , , 12162 92 10 where where WRB 12162 92 11 you -PRON- PRP 12162 92 12 will will MD 12162 92 13 often often RB 12162 92 14 find find VB 12162 92 15 to to IN 12162 92 16 - - HYPH 12162 92 17 day day NN 12162 92 18 a a DT 12162 92 19 commune commune NN 12162 92 20 of of IN 12162 92 21 three three CD 12162 92 22 hundred hundred CD 12162 92 23 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 12162 92 24 , , , 12162 92 25 with with IN 12162 92 26 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 92 27 one one CD 12162 92 28 or or CC 12162 92 29 two two CD 12162 92 30 constables constable NNS 12162 92 31 wearing wear VBG 12162 92 32 the the DT 12162 92 33 imperial imperial JJ 12162 92 34 badge badge NN 12162 92 35 , , , 12162 92 36 " " '' 12162 92 37 _ _ NNP 12162 92 38 Senatus Senatus NNP 12162 92 39 Populusque Populusque NNP 12162 92 40 Albanensis Albanensis NNP 12162 92 41 _ _ NNP 12162 92 42 " " '' 12162 92 43 or or CC 12162 92 44 " " `` 12162 92 45 _ _ NNP 12162 92 46 Verulensis Verulensis NNP 12162 92 47 _ _ NNP 12162 92 48 , , , 12162 92 49 " " `` 12162 92 50 as as IN 12162 92 51 the the DT 12162 92 52 case case NN 12162 92 53 may may MD 12162 92 54 be be VB 12162 92 55 . . . 12162 93 1 Truly truly RB 12162 93 2 a a DT 12162 93 3 suggestive suggestive JJ 12162 93 4 anachronism anachronism NN 12162 93 5 ! ! . 12162 94 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 94 2 is be VBZ 12162 94 3 true true JJ 12162 94 4 that that IN 12162 94 5 in in IN 12162 94 6 remote remote JJ 12162 94 7 ages age NNS 12162 94 8 especially especially RB 12162 94 9 , , , 12162 94 10 when when WRB 12162 94 11 the the DT 12162 94 12 records record NNS 12162 94 13 of of IN 12162 94 14 history history NN 12162 94 15 are be VBP 12162 94 16 few few JJ 12162 94 17 and and CC 12162 94 18 uncertain uncertain JJ 12162 94 19 -- -- : 12162 94 20 and and CC 12162 94 21 the the DT 12162 94 22 period period NN 12162 94 23 we -PRON- PRP 12162 94 24 are be VBP 12162 94 25 considering consider VBG 12162 94 26 in in IN 12162 94 27 this this DT 12162 94 28 paper paper NN 12162 94 29 can can MD 12162 94 30 almost almost RB 12162 94 31 be be VB 12162 94 32 called call VBN 12162 94 33 the the DT 12162 94 34 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 12162 94 35 age age NN 12162 94 36 of of IN 12162 94 37 municipal municipal JJ 12162 94 38 institutions institution NNS 12162 94 39 in in IN 12162 94 40 Northern Northern NNP 12162 94 41 Italy Italy NNP 12162 94 42 -- -- : 12162 94 43 much much RB 12162 94 44 can can MD 12162 94 45 be be VB 12162 94 46 learned learn VBN 12162 94 47 and and CC 12162 94 48 much much JJ 12162 94 49 truth truth NN 12162 94 50 inferred infer VBN 12162 94 51 from from IN 12162 94 52 the the DT 12162 94 53 evidence evidence NN 12162 94 54 of of IN 12162 94 55 a a DT 12162 94 56 name name NN 12162 94 57 . . . 12162 95 1 But but CC 12162 95 2 this this DT 12162 95 3 is be VBZ 12162 95 4 a a DT 12162 95 5 species species NN 12162 95 6 of of IN 12162 95 7 evidence evidence NN 12162 95 8 we -PRON- PRP 12162 95 9 can can MD 12162 95 10 never never RB 12162 95 11 be be VB 12162 95 12 too too RB 12162 95 13 cautious cautious JJ 12162 95 14 in in IN 12162 95 15 using use VBG 12162 95 16 , , , 12162 95 17 as as IN 12162 95 18 the the DT 12162 95 19 temptation temptation NN 12162 95 20 is be VBZ 12162 95 21 always always RB 12162 95 22 to to TO 12162 95 23 infer infer VB 12162 95 24 too too RB 12162 95 25 much much RB 12162 95 26 rather rather RB 12162 95 27 than than IN 12162 95 28 too too RB 12162 95 29 little little JJ 12162 95 30 . . . 12162 96 1 In in IN 12162 96 2 the the DT 12162 96 3 following follow VBG 12162 96 4 pages page NNS 12162 96 5 I -PRON- PRP 12162 96 6 will will MD 12162 96 7 try try VB 12162 96 8 to to TO 12162 96 9 sift sift VB 12162 96 10 the the DT 12162 96 11 evidence evidence NN 12162 96 12 obtainable obtainable JJ 12162 96 13 , , , 12162 96 14 with with IN 12162 96 15 the the DT 12162 96 16 impartiality impartiality NN 12162 96 17 of of IN 12162 96 18 one one CD 12162 96 19 trammeled trammel VBN 12162 96 20 by by IN 12162 96 21 the the DT 12162 96 22 support support NN 12162 96 23 of of IN 12162 96 24 no no DT 12162 96 25 particular particular JJ 12162 96 26 theory theory NN 12162 96 27 ; ; : 12162 96 28 always always RB 12162 96 29 bearing bear VBG 12162 96 30 in in IN 12162 96 31 mind mind NN 12162 96 32 , , , 12162 96 33 however however RB 12162 96 34 , , , 12162 96 35 one one CD 12162 96 36 fact fact NN 12162 96 37 , , , 12162 96 38 all all RB 12162 96 39 - - HYPH 12162 96 40 important important JJ 12162 96 41 in in IN 12162 96 42 a a DT 12162 96 43 study study NN 12162 96 44 where where WRB 12162 96 45 so so RB 12162 96 46 much much JJ 12162 96 47 depends depend VBZ 12162 96 48 on on IN 12162 96 49 nomenclature nomenclature JJ 12162 96 50 , , , 12162 96 51 namely namely RB 12162 96 52 , , , 12162 96 53 to to TO 12162 96 54 give give VB 12162 96 55 that that DT 12162 96 56 shade shade NN 12162 96 57 of of IN 12162 96 58 meaning meaning NN 12162 96 59 and and CC 12162 96 60 that that IN 12162 96 61 amount amount NN 12162 96 62 of of IN 12162 96 63 weight weight NN 12162 96 64 to to IN 12162 96 65 any any DT 12162 96 66 term term NN 12162 96 67 which which WDT 12162 96 68 it -PRON- PRP 12162 96 69 possessed possess VBD 12162 96 70 in in IN 12162 96 71 the the DT 12162 96 72 age age NN 12162 96 73 in in IN 12162 96 74 which which WDT 12162 96 75 it -PRON- PRP 12162 96 76 was be VBD 12162 96 77 used use VBN 12162 96 78 , , , 12162 96 79 carefully carefully RB 12162 96 80 distinguishing distinguish VBG 12162 96 81 this this DT 12162 96 82 from from IN 12162 96 83 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 96 84 use use NN 12162 96 85 in in IN 12162 96 86 any any DT 12162 96 87 earlier early RBR 12162 96 88 or or CC 12162 96 89 later later JJ 12162 96 90 age age NN 12162 96 91 . . . 12162 97 1 The the DT 12162 97 2 importance importance NN 12162 97 3 of of IN 12162 97 4 this this DT 12162 97 5 caution caution NN 12162 97 6 will will MD 12162 97 7 be be VB 12162 97 8 soon soon RB 12162 97 9 seen see VBN 12162 97 10 when when WRB 12162 97 11 we -PRON- PRP 12162 97 12 come come VBP 12162 97 13 to to TO 12162 97 14 discuss discuss VB 12162 97 15 the the DT 12162 97 16 origin origin NN 12162 97 17 of of IN 12162 97 18 corporate corporate JJ 12162 97 19 life life NN 12162 97 20 in in IN 12162 97 21 the the DT 12162 97 22 communes commune NNS 12162 97 23 , , , 12162 97 24 where where WRB 12162 97 25 many many JJ 12162 97 26 have have VBP 12162 97 27 been be VBN 12162 97 28 misled mislead VBN 12162 97 29 by by IN 12162 97 30 attaching attach VBG 12162 97 31 to to IN 12162 97 32 the the DT 12162 97 33 words word NNS 12162 97 34 _ _ NNP 12162 97 35 respublica respublica NNP 12162 97 36 _ _ NNP 12162 97 37 and and CC 12162 97 38 _ _ NNP 12162 97 39 civitas civita NNS 12162 97 40 _ _ NNP 12162 97 41 , , , 12162 97 42 for for IN 12162 97 43 example example NN 12162 97 44 , , , 12162 97 45 so so RB 12162 97 46 continually continually RB 12162 97 47 recurring recur VBG 12162 97 48 in in IN 12162 97 49 the the DT 12162 97 50 old old JJ 12162 97 51 laws law NNS 12162 97 52 and and CC 12162 97 53 charters charter NNS 12162 97 54 , , , 12162 97 55 a a DT 12162 97 56 meaning meaning NN 12162 97 57 which which WDT 12162 97 58 was be VBD 12162 97 59 entirely entirely RB 12162 97 60 foreign foreign JJ 12162 97 61 to to IN 12162 97 62 the the DT 12162 97 63 terms term NNS 12162 97 64 at at IN 12162 97 65 the the DT 12162 97 66 period period NN 12162 97 67 of of IN 12162 97 68 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 97 69 use use NN 12162 97 70 . . . 12162 98 1 With with IN 12162 98 2 this this DT 12162 98 3 warning warning NN 12162 98 4 , , , 12162 98 5 we -PRON- PRP 12162 98 6 will will MD 12162 98 7 turn turn VB 12162 98 8 to to IN 12162 98 9 a a DT 12162 98 10 consideration consideration NN 12162 98 11 of of IN 12162 98 12 the the DT 12162 98 13 first first JJ 12162 98 14 effects effect NNS 12162 98 15 of of IN 12162 98 16 the the DT 12162 98 17 inroad inroad NN 12162 98 18 of of IN 12162 98 19 the the DT 12162 98 20 northern northern JJ 12162 98 21 barbarians barbarian NNS 12162 98 22 on on IN 12162 98 23 the the DT 12162 98 24 cities city NNS 12162 98 25 , , , 12162 98 26 whose whose WP$ 12162 98 27 exhausted exhausted JJ 12162 98 28 and and CC 12162 98 29 defenseless defenseless JJ 12162 98 30 state state NN 12162 98 31 has have VBZ 12162 98 32 already already RB 12162 98 33 been be VBN 12162 98 34 pointed point VBN 12162 98 35 out out RP 12162 98 36 . . . 12162 99 1 One one CD 12162 99 2 of of IN 12162 99 3 the the DT 12162 99 4 chief chief JJ 12162 99 5 characteristics characteristic NNS 12162 99 6 of of IN 12162 99 7 the the DT 12162 99 8 Teutonic teutonic JJ 12162 99 9 tribes tribe NNS 12162 99 10 which which WDT 12162 99 11 overran overrun VBD 12162 99 12 Italy Italy NNP 12162 99 13 during during IN 12162 99 14 the the DT 12162 99 15 fifth fifth JJ 12162 99 16 and and CC 12162 99 17 sixth sixth JJ 12162 99 18 centuries century NNS 12162 99 19 , , , 12162 99 20 was be VBD 12162 99 21 an an DT 12162 99 22 innate innate JJ 12162 99 23 hatred hatred NN 12162 99 24 of of IN 12162 99 25 cities city NNS 12162 99 26 , , , 12162 99 27 of of IN 12162 99 28 enclosing enclose VBG 12162 99 29 walls wall NNS 12162 99 30 and and CC 12162 99 31 crowded crowded JJ 12162 99 32 habitations habitation NNS 12162 99 33 . . . 12162 100 1 Children child NNS 12162 100 2 of of IN 12162 100 3 the the DT 12162 100 4 field field NN 12162 100 5 and and CC 12162 100 6 the the DT 12162 100 7 forest forest NN 12162 100 8 , , , 12162 100 9 they -PRON- PRP 12162 100 10 had have VBD 12162 100 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 100 12 village village NN 12162 100 13 communities community NNS 12162 100 14 and and CC 12162 100 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 100 16 hundreds hundred NNS 12162 100 17 , , , 12162 100 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 100 19 common common JJ 12162 100 20 land land NN 12162 100 21 and and CC 12162 100 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 100 23 allotted allot VBN 12162 100 24 land land NN 12162 100 25 , , , 12162 100 26 but but CC 12162 100 27 these these DT 12162 100 28 were be VBD 12162 100 29 small small JJ 12162 100 30 restrictions restriction NNS 12162 100 31 on on IN 12162 100 32 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 100 33 free free JJ 12162 100 34 life life NN 12162 100 35 , , , 12162 100 36 and and CC 12162 100 37 left leave VBD 12162 100 38 an an DT 12162 100 39 extended extended JJ 12162 100 40 " " `` 12162 100 41 air air NN 12162 100 42 - - HYPH 12162 100 43 space space NN 12162 100 44 " " '' 12162 100 45 for for IN 12162 100 46 each each DT 12162 100 47 individual individual NN 12162 100 48 and and CC 12162 100 49 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 100 50 immediate immediate JJ 12162 100 51 household household NN 12162 100 52 . . . 12162 101 1 Homestead Homestead NNP 12162 101 2 was be VBD 12162 101 3 not not RB 12162 101 4 too too RB 12162 101 5 near near IN 12162 101 6 homestead homestead NN 12162 101 7 , , , 12162 101 8 each each DT 12162 101 9 man man NN 12162 101 10 being be VBG 12162 101 11 separated separate VBN 12162 101 12 from from IN 12162 101 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 101 14 neighbor neighbor NN 12162 101 15 by by IN 12162 101 16 the the DT 12162 101 17 extent extent NN 12162 101 18 of of IN 12162 101 19 half half PDT 12162 101 20 the the DT 12162 101 21 land land NN 12162 101 22 belonging belong VBG 12162 101 23 to to IN 12162 101 24 each each DT 12162 101 25 . . . 12162 102 1 The the DT 12162 102 2 centralization centralization NN 12162 102 3 of of IN 12162 102 4 population population NN 12162 102 5 in in IN 12162 102 6 city city NN 12162 102 7 life life NN 12162 102 8 was be VBD 12162 102 9 a a DT 12162 102 10 thing thing NN 12162 102 11 undreamed undreamed JJ 12162 102 12 of of IN 12162 102 13 , , , 12162 102 14 and and CC 12162 102 15 an an DT 12162 102 16 idea idea NN 12162 102 17 abhorred abhor VBN 12162 102 18 , , , 12162 102 19 alike alike RB 12162 102 20 for for IN 12162 102 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 102 22 novelty novelty NN 12162 102 23 and and CC 12162 102 24 for for IN 12162 102 25 the the DT 12162 102 26 violence violence NN 12162 102 27 it -PRON- PRP 12162 102 28 did do VBD 12162 102 29 to to IN 12162 102 30 the the DT 12162 102 31 as as RB 12162 102 32 yet yet RB 12162 102 33 untrained untrained JJ 12162 102 34 instincts instinct NNS 12162 102 35 of of IN 12162 102 36 the the DT 12162 102 37 people people NNS 12162 102 38 . . . 12162 103 1 The the DT 12162 103 2 strong strong JJ 12162 103 3 , , , 12162 103 4 independent independent JJ 12162 103 5 individualism individualism NN 12162 103 6 of of IN 12162 103 7 the the DT 12162 103 8 Teutonic Teutonic NNP 12162 103 9 freeman freeman NN 12162 103 10 rebelled rebel VBD 12162 103 11 against against IN 12162 103 12 anything anything NN 12162 103 13 which which WDT 12162 103 14 would would MD 12162 103 15 in in IN 12162 103 16 any any DT 12162 103 17 way way NN 12162 103 18 limit limit VB 12162 103 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 103 20 freedom freedom NN 12162 103 21 of of IN 12162 103 22 action action NN 12162 103 23 : : : 12162 103 24 " " `` 12162 103 25 ne ne NNP 12162 103 26 pati pati NNP 12162 103 27 quidem quidem VBP 12162 103 28 inter inter NNP 12162 103 29 se se NNP 12162 103 30 junctas junctas NNP 12162 103 31 sedes sede NNS 12162 103 32 , , , 12162 103 33 " " '' 12162 103 34 says say VBZ 12162 103 35 Tacitus Tacitus NNP 12162 103 36 . . . 12162 104 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 104 2 3 3 LS 12162 104 3 ] ] -RRB- 12162 104 4 An an DT 12162 104 5 agriculturist agriculturist NN 12162 104 6 in in IN 12162 104 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 104 8 rude rude JJ 12162 104 9 way way NN 12162 104 10 , , , 12162 104 11 he -PRON- PRP 12162 104 12 lived live VBD 12162 104 13 on on IN 12162 104 14 the the DT 12162 104 15 land land NN 12162 104 16 which which WDT 12162 104 17 supported support VBD 12162 104 18 him -PRON- PRP 12162 104 19 and and CC 12162 104 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 104 21 family family NN 12162 104 22 , , , 12162 104 23 and and CC 12162 104 24 feeling feel VBG 12162 104 25 no no DT 12162 104 26 further further JJ 12162 104 27 need need NN 12162 104 28 , , , 12162 104 29 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 104 30 untrained untrained JJ 12162 104 31 intelligence intelligence NN 12162 104 32 could could MD 12162 104 33 form form VB 12162 104 34 no no DT 12162 104 35 conception conception NN 12162 104 36 of of IN 12162 104 37 the the DT 12162 104 38 necessities necessity NNS 12162 104 39 and and CC 12162 104 40 the the DT 12162 104 41 advantages advantage NNS 12162 104 42 of of IN 12162 104 43 the the DT 12162 104 44 social social NNP 12162 104 45 union union NNP 12162 104 46 and and CC 12162 104 47 interdependence interdependence NN 12162 104 48 of of IN 12162 104 49 a a DT 12162 104 50 more more RBR 12162 104 51 civilized civilized JJ 12162 104 52 state state NN 12162 104 53 of of IN 12162 104 54 society society NN 12162 104 55 ; ; : 12162 104 56 nor nor CC 12162 104 57 could could MD 12162 104 58 he -PRON- PRP 12162 104 59 comprehend comprehend VB 12162 104 60 the the DT 12162 104 61 mutual mutual JJ 12162 104 62 relations relation NNS 12162 104 63 of of IN 12162 104 64 the the DT 12162 104 65 individual individual NN 12162 104 66 to to IN 12162 104 67 the the DT 12162 104 68 immediate immediate JJ 12162 104 69 community community NN 12162 104 70 in in IN 12162 104 71 which which WDT 12162 104 72 he -PRON- PRP 12162 104 73 lived live VBD 12162 104 74 . . . 12162 105 1 He -PRON- PRP 12162 105 2 could could MD 12162 105 3 understand understand VB 12162 105 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 105 5 own own JJ 12162 105 6 relation relation NN 12162 105 7 to to IN 12162 105 8 and and CC 12162 105 9 dependence dependence NN 12162 105 10 on on IN 12162 105 11 the the DT 12162 105 12 state state NN 12162 105 13 as as IN 12162 105 14 a a DT 12162 105 15 whole whole NN 12162 105 16 ; ; : 12162 105 17 alone alone RB 12162 105 18 he -PRON- PRP 12162 105 19 could could MD 12162 105 20 not not RB 12162 105 21 repel repel VB 12162 105 22 the the DT 12162 105 23 attacks attack NNS 12162 105 24 of of IN 12162 105 25 neighboring neighboring NN 12162 105 26 tribes tribe NNS 12162 105 27 , , , 12162 105 28 alone alone RB 12162 105 29 he -PRON- PRP 12162 105 30 could could MD 12162 105 31 not not RB 12162 105 32 go go VB 12162 105 33 forth forth RB 12162 105 34 to to TO 12162 105 35 conquer conquer VB 12162 105 36 new new JJ 12162 105 37 lands land NNS 12162 105 38 or or CC 12162 105 39 increase increase VB 12162 105 40 the the DT 12162 105 41 number number NN 12162 105 42 of of IN 12162 105 43 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 105 44 herds herd NNS 12162 105 45 . . . 12162 106 1 But but CC 12162 106 2 why why WRB 12162 106 3 he -PRON- PRP 12162 106 4 should should MD 12162 106 5 associate associate VB 12162 106 6 with with IN 12162 106 7 others other NNS 12162 106 8 and and CC 12162 106 9 so so RB 12162 106 10 limit limit VB 12162 106 11 the the DT 12162 106 12 freedom freedom NN 12162 106 13 which which WDT 12162 106 14 was be VBD 12162 106 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 106 16 birthright birthright NN 12162 106 17 , , , 12162 106 18 for for IN 12162 106 19 other other JJ 12162 106 20 purposes purpose NNS 12162 106 21 than than IN 12162 106 22 those those DT 12162 106 23 of of IN 12162 106 24 attack attack NN 12162 106 25 and and CC 12162 106 26 defense defense NN 12162 106 27 , , , 12162 106 28 of of IN 12162 106 29 electing elect VBG 12162 106 30 a a DT 12162 106 31 leader leader NN 12162 106 32 for for IN 12162 106 33 war war NN 12162 106 34 , , , 12162 106 35 or or CC 12162 106 36 getting get VBG 12162 106 37 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 106 38 allotment allotment NN 12162 106 39 of of IN 12162 106 40 land land NN 12162 106 41 in in IN 12162 106 42 peace peace NN 12162 106 43 , , , 12162 106 44 was be VBD 12162 106 45 altogether altogether RB 12162 106 46 beyond beyond IN 12162 106 47 the the DT 12162 106 48 horizon horizon NN 12162 106 49 of of IN 12162 106 50 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 106 51 comprehension comprehension NN 12162 106 52 . . . 12162 107 1 He -PRON- PRP 12162 107 2 was be VBD 12162 107 3 sufficient sufficient JJ 12162 107 4 unto unto IN 12162 107 5 himself -PRON- PRP 12162 107 6 for for IN 12162 107 7 all all PDT 12162 107 8 the the DT 12162 107 9 purposes purpose NNS 12162 107 10 of of IN 12162 107 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 107 12 daily daily JJ 12162 107 13 life life NN 12162 107 14 ; ; : 12162 107 15 to to IN 12162 107 16 the the DT 12162 107 17 product product NN 12162 107 18 of of IN 12162 107 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 107 20 own own JJ 12162 107 21 plough plough NN 12162 107 22 and and CC 12162 107 23 hunting hunting NN 12162 107 24 - - HYPH 12162 107 25 spear spear NN 12162 107 26 he -PRON- PRP 12162 107 27 looked look VBD 12162 107 28 for for IN 12162 107 29 the the DT 12162 107 30 maintenance maintenance NN 12162 107 31 of of IN 12162 107 32 himself -PRON- PRP 12162 107 33 and and CC 12162 107 34 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 107 35 family family NN 12162 107 36 , , , 12162 107 37 and and CC 12162 107 38 the the DT 12162 107 39 loose loose JJ 12162 107 40 organization organization NN 12162 107 41 which which WDT 12162 107 42 we -PRON- PRP 12162 107 43 may may MD 12162 107 44 call call VB 12162 107 45 the the DT 12162 107 46 state state NN 12162 107 47 existed exist VBD 12162 107 48 simply simply RB 12162 107 49 so so IN 12162 107 50 as as IN 12162 107 51 to to TO 12162 107 52 enable enable VB 12162 107 53 him -PRON- PRP 12162 107 54 to to TO 12162 107 55 live live VB 12162 107 56 in in IN 12162 107 57 comparative comparative JJ 12162 107 58 peace peace NN 12162 107 59 , , , 12162 107 60 or or CC 12162 107 61 gain gain VB 12162 107 62 advantage advantage NN 12162 107 63 in in IN 12162 107 64 war war NN 12162 107 65 -- -- : 12162 107 66 perhaps perhaps RB 12162 107 67 the the DT 12162 107 68 first first JJ 12162 107 69 example example NN 12162 107 70 of of IN 12162 107 71 the the DT 12162 107 72 new new JJ 12162 107 73 power power NN 12162 107 74 in in IN 12162 107 75 state state NN 12162 107 76 - - HYPH 12162 107 77 craft craft NN 12162 107 78 which which WDT 12162 107 79 was be VBD 12162 107 80 to to TO 12162 107 81 revolutionize revolutionize VB 12162 107 82 the the DT 12162 107 83 political political JJ 12162 107 84 principles principle NNS 12162 107 85 of of IN 12162 107 86 the the DT 12162 107 87 world world NN 12162 107 88 ; ; , 12162 107 89 the the DT 12162 107 90 individual individual NN 12162 107 91 lived live VBD 12162 107 92 no no RB 12162 107 93 longer long RBR 12162 107 94 simply simply RB 12162 107 95 to to TO 12162 107 96 support support VB 12162 107 97 the the DT 12162 107 98 state state NN 12162 107 99 , , , 12162 107 100 but but CC 12162 107 101 the the DT 12162 107 102 state state NN 12162 107 103 existed exist VBD 12162 107 104 solely solely RB 12162 107 105 to to TO 12162 107 106 protect protect VB 12162 107 107 and and CC 12162 107 108 aid aid VB 12162 107 109 the the DT 12162 107 110 individual individual NN 12162 107 111 . . . 12162 108 1 If if IN 12162 108 2 all all PDT 12162 108 3 this this DT 12162 108 4 be be VB 12162 108 5 true true JJ 12162 108 6 of of IN 12162 108 7 the the DT 12162 108 8 Teutonic Teutonic NNP 12162 108 9 nations nation NNS 12162 108 10 in in IN 12162 108 11 general general JJ 12162 108 12 , , , 12162 108 13 in in IN 12162 108 14 the the DT 12162 108 15 earlier early JJR 12162 108 16 stages stage NNS 12162 108 17 of of IN 12162 108 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 108 19 development development NN 12162 108 20 , , , 12162 108 21 particularly particularly RB 12162 108 22 true true JJ 12162 108 23 is be VBZ 12162 108 24 it -PRON- PRP 12162 108 25 of of IN 12162 108 26 the the DT 12162 108 27 Lombards,[4 lombards,[4 NN 12162 108 28 ] ] -RRB- 12162 108 29 a a DT 12162 108 30 wild wild JJ 12162 108 31 tribe tribe NN 12162 108 32 of of IN 12162 108 33 the the DT 12162 108 34 Suevic Suevic NNP 12162 108 35 stock stock NN 12162 108 36 , , , 12162 108 37 whose whose WP$ 12162 108 38 few few JJ 12162 108 39 appearances appearance NNS 12162 108 40 in in IN 12162 108 41 history history NN 12162 108 42 , , , 12162 108 43 previous previous JJ 12162 108 44 to to IN 12162 108 45 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 108 46 invasion invasion NN 12162 108 47 of of IN 12162 108 48 Italy Italy NNP 12162 108 49 , , , 12162 108 50 are be VBP 12162 108 51 connected connect VBN 12162 108 52 only only RB 12162 108 53 with with IN 12162 108 54 the the DT 12162 108 55 fiercest fierce JJS 12162 108 56 strife strife NN 12162 108 57 and and CC 12162 108 58 the the DT 12162 108 59 rudest rude JJS 12162 108 60 forms form NNS 12162 108 61 of of IN 12162 108 62 barbarism barbarism NN 12162 108 63 . . . 12162 109 1 History history NN 12162 109 2 seems seem VBZ 12162 109 3 to to TO 12162 109 4 have have VB 12162 109 5 proved prove VBN 12162 109 6 that that IN 12162 109 7 tradition tradition NN 12162 109 8 has have VBZ 12162 109 9 maligned malign VBN 12162 109 10 the the DT 12162 109 11 Vandal Vandal NNP 12162 109 12 ; ; : 12162 109 13 the the DT 12162 109 14 Goth Goth NNP 12162 109 15 can can MD 12162 109 16 boast boast VB 12162 109 17 a a DT 12162 109 18 ruler ruler NN 12162 109 19 raised raise VBN 12162 109 20 at at IN 12162 109 21 the the DT 12162 109 22 centre centre NN 12162 109 23 of of IN 12162 109 24 Eastern eastern JJ 12162 109 25 civilization civilization NN 12162 109 26 and and CC 12162 109 27 refinement refinement NN 12162 109 28 ; ; : 12162 109 29 but but CC 12162 109 30 the the DT 12162 109 31 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 109 32 of of IN 12162 109 33 the the DT 12162 109 34 invasion invasion NN 12162 109 35 can can MD 12162 109 36 never never RB 12162 109 37 appear appear VB 12162 109 38 as as IN 12162 109 39 other other JJ 12162 109 40 than than IN 12162 109 41 the the DT 12162 109 42 rude rude JJ 12162 109 43 barbarian barbarian NN 12162 109 44 rushing rush VBG 12162 109 45 from from IN 12162 109 46 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 109 47 wild wild JJ 12162 109 48 northern northern JJ 12162 109 49 home home NN 12162 109 50 , , , 12162 109 51 and and CC 12162 109 52 forcing force VBG 12162 109 53 on on IN 12162 109 54 a a DT 12162 109 55 defenseless defenseless JJ 12162 109 56 people people NNS 12162 109 57 the the DT 12162 109 58 laws law NNS 12162 109 59 and and CC 12162 109 60 the the DT 12162 109 61 customs custom NNS 12162 109 62 suited suit VBN 12162 109 63 to to IN 12162 109 64 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 109 65 own own JJ 12162 109 66 rugged rugged JJ 12162 109 67 nature nature NN 12162 109 68 and and CC 12162 109 69 the the DT 12162 109 70 unformed unformed JJ 12162 109 71 state state NN 12162 109 72 of of IN 12162 109 73 society society NN 12162 109 74 in in IN 12162 109 75 which which WDT 12162 109 76 he -PRON- PRP 12162 109 77 lived live VBD 12162 109 78 . . . 12162 110 1 Such such JJ 12162 110 2 being be VBG 12162 110 3 the the DT 12162 110 4 case case NN 12162 110 5 , , , 12162 110 6 there there EX 12162 110 7 is be VBZ 12162 110 8 little little JJ 12162 110 9 cause cause NN 12162 110 10 for for IN 12162 110 11 wonder wonder NN 12162 110 12 that that IN 12162 110 13 the the DT 12162 110 14 invading invade VBG 12162 110 15 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 110 16 directed direct VBD 12162 110 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 110 18 fury fury NN 12162 110 19 with with IN 12162 110 20 particular particular JJ 12162 110 21 violence violence NN 12162 110 22 against against IN 12162 110 23 the the DT 12162 110 24 corporate corporate JJ 12162 110 25 towns town NNS 12162 110 26 , , , 12162 110 27 whose whose WP$ 12162 110 28 strength strength NN 12162 110 29 was be VBD 12162 110 30 not not RB 12162 110 31 sufficient sufficient JJ 12162 110 32 to to TO 12162 110 33 resist resist VB 12162 110 34 the the DT 12162 110 35 attacks attack NNS 12162 110 36 of of IN 12162 110 37 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 110 38 invading invade VBG 12162 110 39 host host NN 12162 110 40 . . . 12162 111 1 Like like IN 12162 111 2 all all DT 12162 111 3 other other JJ 12162 111 4 Teutonic Teutonic NNP 12162 111 5 tribes tribe NNS 12162 111 6 the the DT 12162 111 7 Lombards Lombards NNPS 12162 111 8 were be VBD 12162 111 9 entirely entirely RB 12162 111 10 unskilled unskille VBN 12162 111 11 in in IN 12162 111 12 the the DT 12162 111 13 art art NN 12162 111 14 of of IN 12162 111 15 attacking attack VBG 12162 111 16 fortified fortified JJ 12162 111 17 towns town NNS 12162 111 18 ; ; : 12162 111 19 hence hence RB 12162 111 20 the the DT 12162 111 21 only only JJ 12162 111 22 mode mode NN 12162 111 23 of of IN 12162 111 24 siege siege NN 12162 111 25 with with IN 12162 111 26 which which WDT 12162 111 27 they -PRON- PRP 12162 111 28 were be VBD 12162 111 29 acquainted acquaint VBN 12162 111 30 was be VBD 12162 111 31 that that DT 12162 111 32 of of IN 12162 111 33 starving starve VBG 12162 111 34 out out RP 12162 111 35 the the DT 12162 111 36 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 12162 111 37 , , , 12162 111 38 by by IN 12162 111 39 cutting cut VBG 12162 111 40 off off RP 12162 111 41 all all DT 12162 111 42 source source NN 12162 111 43 of of IN 12162 111 44 supply supply NN 12162 111 45 by by IN 12162 111 46 ravaging ravage VBG 12162 111 47 and and CC 12162 111 48 destroying destroy VBG 12162 111 49 the the DT 12162 111 50 surrounding surround VBG 12162 111 51 country country NN 12162 111 52 . . . 12162 112 1 This this DT 12162 112 2 fact fact NN 12162 112 3 , , , 12162 112 4 unimportant unimportant JJ 12162 112 5 as as IN 12162 112 6 it -PRON- PRP 12162 112 7 may may MD 12162 112 8 seem seem VB 12162 112 9 at at IN 12162 112 10 the the DT 12162 112 11 first first JJ 12162 112 12 glance glance NN 12162 112 13 , , , 12162 112 14 materially materially RB 12162 112 15 affected affect VBD 12162 112 16 the the DT 12162 112 17 whole whole JJ 12162 112 18 course course NN 12162 112 19 of of IN 12162 112 20 the the DT 12162 112 21 later later JJ 12162 112 22 history history NN 12162 112 23 of of IN 12162 112 24 some some DT 12162 112 25 of of IN 12162 112 26 the the DT 12162 112 27 Italian italian JJ 12162 112 28 cities city NNS 12162 112 29 . . . 12162 113 1 By by IN 12162 113 2 this this DT 12162 113 3 means mean VBZ 12162 113 4 we -PRON- PRP 12162 113 5 are be VBP 12162 113 6 enabled enable VBN 12162 113 7 , , , 12162 113 8 even even RB 12162 113 9 at at IN 12162 113 10 this this DT 12162 113 11 early early JJ 12162 113 12 epoch epoch NN 12162 113 13 , , , 12162 113 14 to to TO 12162 113 15 divide divide VB 12162 113 16 them -PRON- PRP 12162 113 17 into into IN 12162 113 18 two two CD 12162 113 19 classes class NNS 12162 113 20 . . . 12162 114 1 First first RB 12162 114 2 , , , 12162 114 3 those those DT 12162 114 4 cities city NNS 12162 114 5 which which WDT 12162 114 6 , , , 12162 114 7 after after IN 12162 114 8 a a DT 12162 114 9 more more RBR 12162 114 10 or or CC 12162 114 11 less less JJR 12162 114 12 short short JJ 12162 114 13 resistance resistance NN 12162 114 14 , , , 12162 114 15 yielded yield VBN 12162 114 16 to to IN 12162 114 17 the the DT 12162 114 18 rude rude JJ 12162 114 19 tactics tactic NNS 12162 114 20 of of IN 12162 114 21 the the DT 12162 114 22 barbarians barbarian NNS 12162 114 23 and and CC 12162 114 24 were be VBD 12162 114 25 made make VBN 12162 114 26 subject subject JJ 12162 114 27 by by IN 12162 114 28 them -PRON- PRP 12162 114 29 , , , 12162 114 30 for for IN 12162 114 31 example example NN 12162 114 32 Milan Milan NNP 12162 114 33 and and CC 12162 114 34 Pavia Pavia NNP 12162 114 35 . . . 12162 115 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 115 2 5 5 CD 12162 115 3 ] ] -RRB- 12162 115 4 Second second RB 12162 115 5 , , , 12162 115 6 those those DT 12162 115 7 cities city NNS 12162 115 8 like like IN 12162 115 9 Venice Venice NNP 12162 115 10 and and CC 12162 115 11 Ravenna,[6 Ravenna,[6 NNP 12162 115 12 ] ] -RRB- 12162 115 13 which which WDT 12162 115 14 , , , 12162 115 15 by by IN 12162 115 16 means mean NNS 12162 115 17 of of IN 12162 115 18 a a DT 12162 115 19 connection connection NN 12162 115 20 with with IN 12162 115 21 the the DT 12162 115 22 sea sea NN 12162 115 23 which which WDT 12162 115 24 the the DT 12162 115 25 invaders invader NNS 12162 115 26 could could MD 12162 115 27 not not RB 12162 115 28 cut cut VB 12162 115 29 off off RP 12162 115 30 , , , 12162 115 31 were be VBD 12162 115 32 enabled enable VBN 12162 115 33 to to TO 12162 115 34 gain gain VB 12162 115 35 supplies supply NNS 12162 115 36 by by IN 12162 115 37 water water NN 12162 115 38 , , , 12162 115 39 and and CC 12162 115 40 so so RB 12162 115 41 resist resist VB 12162 115 42 all all DT 12162 115 43 efforts effort NNS 12162 115 44 of of IN 12162 115 45 the the DT 12162 115 46 besieging besiege VBG 12162 115 47 host host NN 12162 115 48 to to TO 12162 115 49 capture capture VB 12162 115 50 them -PRON- PRP 12162 115 51 . . . 12162 116 1 They -PRON- PRP 12162 116 2 never never RB 12162 116 3 fell fall VBD 12162 116 4 completely completely RB 12162 116 5 under under IN 12162 116 6 the the DT 12162 116 7 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 116 8 yoke yoke NN 12162 116 9 , , , 12162 116 10 and and CC 12162 116 11 either either CC 12162 116 12 retained retain VBD 12162 116 13 a a DT 12162 116 14 sort sort NN 12162 116 15 of of IN 12162 116 16 partial partial JJ 12162 116 17 autonomy autonomy NN 12162 116 18 or or CC 12162 116 19 yielded yield VBN 12162 116 20 allegiance allegiance NN 12162 116 21 to to IN 12162 116 22 some some DT 12162 116 23 other other JJ 12162 116 24 power power NN 12162 116 25 . . . 12162 117 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 117 2 is be VBZ 12162 117 3 the the DT 12162 117 4 cities city NNS 12162 117 5 of of IN 12162 117 6 the the DT 12162 117 7 former former JJ 12162 117 8 class class NN 12162 117 9 that that WDT 12162 117 10 are be VBP 12162 117 11 the the DT 12162 117 12 subject subject NN 12162 117 13 of of IN 12162 117 14 this this DT 12162 117 15 investigation investigation NN 12162 117 16 . . . 12162 118 1 The the DT 12162 118 2 condition condition NN 12162 118 3 of of IN 12162 118 4 these these DT 12162 118 5 inland inland JJ 12162 118 6 towns town NNS 12162 118 7 at at IN 12162 118 8 the the DT 12162 118 9 time time NN 12162 118 10 of of IN 12162 118 11 the the DT 12162 118 12 invasion invasion NN 12162 118 13 was be VBD 12162 118 14 , , , 12162 118 15 as as IN 12162 118 16 we -PRON- PRP 12162 118 17 have have VBP 12162 118 18 seen see VBN 12162 118 19 , , , 12162 118 20 weak weak JJ 12162 118 21 in in IN 12162 118 22 the the DT 12162 118 23 extreme extreme NN 12162 118 24 . . . 12162 119 1 The the DT 12162 119 2 defenses defense NNS 12162 119 3 , , , 12162 119 4 where where WRB 12162 119 5 they -PRON- PRP 12162 119 6 existed exist VBD 12162 119 7 , , , 12162 119 8 were be VBD 12162 119 9 of of IN 12162 119 10 a a DT 12162 119 11 character character NN 12162 119 12 to to TO 12162 119 13 afford afford VB 12162 119 14 little little JJ 12162 119 15 protection protection NN 12162 119 16 , , , 12162 119 17 and and CC 12162 119 18 the the DT 12162 119 19 bulk bulk NN 12162 119 20 of of IN 12162 119 21 the the DT 12162 119 22 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 12162 119 23 were be VBD 12162 119 24 so so RB 12162 119 25 enervated enervate VBN 12162 119 26 from from IN 12162 119 27 a a DT 12162 119 28 life life NN 12162 119 29 of of IN 12162 119 30 poverty poverty NN 12162 119 31 and and CC 12162 119 32 oppression oppression NN 12162 119 33 that that WDT 12162 119 34 they -PRON- PRP 12162 119 35 were be VBD 12162 119 36 almost almost RB 12162 119 37 incapable incapable JJ 12162 119 38 of of IN 12162 119 39 offering offer VBG 12162 119 40 any any DT 12162 119 41 resistance resistance NN 12162 119 42 in in IN 12162 119 43 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 119 44 own own JJ 12162 119 45 defense defense NN 12162 119 46 . . . 12162 120 1 They -PRON- PRP 12162 120 2 were be VBD 12162 120 3 reduced reduce VBN 12162 120 4 to to IN 12162 120 5 such such PDT 12162 120 6 a a DT 12162 120 7 condition condition NN 12162 120 8 as as IN 12162 120 9 to to TO 12162 120 10 be be VB 12162 120 11 only only RB 12162 120 12 too too RB 12162 120 13 grateful grateful JJ 12162 120 14 if if IN 12162 120 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 120 16 rough rough JJ 12162 120 17 conquerors conqueror NNS 12162 120 18 , , , 12162 120 19 after after IN 12162 120 20 an an DT 12162 120 21 easy easy JJ 12162 120 22 victory victory NN 12162 120 23 , , , 12162 120 24 disdainfully disdainfully RB 12162 120 25 spared spare VBD 12162 120 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 120 27 lives life NNS 12162 120 28 , , , 12162 120 29 and and CC 12162 120 30 left leave VBD 12162 120 31 them -PRON- PRP 12162 120 32 to to TO 12162 120 33 occupy occupy VB 12162 120 34 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 120 35 dismantled dismantled JJ 12162 120 36 dwellings dwelling NNS 12162 120 37 . . . 12162 121 1 This this DT 12162 121 2 seems seem VBZ 12162 121 3 to to TO 12162 121 4 have have VB 12162 121 5 been be VBN 12162 121 6 the the DT 12162 121 7 almost almost RB 12162 121 8 universal universal JJ 12162 121 9 method method NN 12162 121 10 of of IN 12162 121 11 procedure procedure NN 12162 121 12 . . . 12162 122 1 The the DT 12162 122 2 Lombards Lombards NNPS 12162 122 3 did do VBD 12162 122 4 not not RB 12162 122 5 in in IN 12162 122 6 any any DT 12162 122 7 sense sense NN 12162 122 8 , , , 12162 122 9 at at IN 12162 122 10 first first RB 12162 122 11 , , , 12162 122 12 think think VB 12162 122 13 of of IN 12162 122 14 occupying occupy VBG 12162 122 15 the the DT 12162 122 16 conquered conquer VBN 12162 122 17 cities city NNS 12162 122 18 ; ; : 12162 122 19 for for IN 12162 122 20 the the DT 12162 122 21 reasons reason NNS 12162 122 22 already already RB 12162 122 23 given give VBN 12162 122 24 they -PRON- PRP 12162 122 25 despised despise VBD 12162 122 26 , , , 12162 122 27 because because IN 12162 122 28 they -PRON- PRP 12162 122 29 could could MD 12162 122 30 not not RB 12162 122 31 yet yet RB 12162 122 32 comprehend comprehend VB 12162 122 33 , , , 12162 122 34 the the DT 12162 122 35 life life NN 12162 122 36 of of IN 12162 122 37 the the DT 12162 122 38 civilian civilian NN 12162 122 39 . . . 12162 123 1 They -PRON- PRP 12162 123 2 contented content VBD 12162 123 3 themselves -PRON- PRP 12162 123 4 with with IN 12162 123 5 pulling pull VBG 12162 123 6 down down RP 12162 123 7 the the DT 12162 123 8 walls wall NNS 12162 123 9 , , , 12162 123 10 razing raze VBG 12162 123 11 the the DT 12162 123 12 fortifications fortification NNS 12162 123 13 , , , 12162 123 14 and and CC 12162 123 15 destroying destroy VBG 12162 123 16 every every DT 12162 123 17 mark mark NN 12162 123 18 which which WDT 12162 123 19 would would MD 12162 123 20 make make VB 12162 123 21 of of IN 12162 123 22 the the DT 12162 123 23 city city NN 12162 123 24 anything anything NN 12162 123 25 but but IN 12162 123 26 an an DT 12162 123 27 aggregate aggregate NN 12162 123 28 of of IN 12162 123 29 miserable miserable JJ 12162 123 30 dwellings dwelling NNS 12162 123 31 . . . 12162 124 1 The the DT 12162 124 2 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 12162 124 3 were be VBD 12162 124 4 for for IN 12162 124 5 the the DT 12162 124 6 most most JJS 12162 124 7 part part NN 12162 124 8 spared spare VBN 12162 124 9 , , , 12162 124 10 and and CC 12162 124 11 left leave VBD 12162 124 12 to to TO 12162 124 13 enjoy enjoy VB 12162 124 14 , , , 12162 124 15 if if IN 12162 124 16 the the DT 12162 124 17 term term NN 12162 124 18 can can MD 12162 124 19 be be VB 12162 124 20 used use VBN 12162 124 21 for for IN 12162 124 22 such such PDT 12162 124 23 an an DT 12162 124 24 existence existence NN 12162 124 25 , , , 12162 124 26 what what WP 12162 124 27 the the DT 12162 124 28 conquerors conqueror NNS 12162 124 29 did do VBD 12162 124 30 not not RB 12162 124 31 think think VB 12162 124 32 worth worth JJ 12162 124 33 the the DT 12162 124 34 having having NN 12162 124 35 . . . 12162 125 1 These these DT 12162 125 2 felt feel VBD 12162 125 3 the the DT 12162 125 4 fruits fruit NNS 12162 125 5 of of IN 12162 125 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 125 7 victory victory NN 12162 125 8 to to TO 12162 125 9 lie lie VB 12162 125 10 in in IN 12162 125 11 the the DT 12162 125 12 rich rich JJ 12162 125 13 arable arable JJ 12162 125 14 lands land NNS 12162 125 15 of of IN 12162 125 16 the the DT 12162 125 17 surrounding surround VBG 12162 125 18 plains plain NNS 12162 125 19 , , , 12162 125 20 and and CC 12162 125 21 here here RB 12162 125 22 they -PRON- PRP 12162 125 23 settled settle VBD 12162 125 24 down down RP 12162 125 25 , , , 12162 125 26 each each DT 12162 125 27 in in IN 12162 125 28 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 125 29 own own JJ 12162 125 30 holding holding NN 12162 125 31 , , , 12162 125 32 portioned portion VBD 12162 125 33 out out RP 12162 125 34 by by IN 12162 125 35 lot lot NN 12162 125 36 to to IN 12162 125 37 every every DT 12162 125 38 soldier soldier NN 12162 125 39 ; ; : 12162 125 40 the the DT 12162 125 41 town town NN 12162 125 42 being be VBG 12162 125 43 considered consider VBN 12162 125 44 but but CC 12162 125 45 as as IN 12162 125 46 a a DT 12162 125 47 part part NN 12162 125 48 of of IN 12162 125 49 the the DT 12162 125 50 _ _ NNP 12162 125 51 civitas civita NNS 12162 125 52 _ _ NNP 12162 125 53 or or CC 12162 125 54 district district NN 12162 125 55 , , , 12162 125 56 if if IN 12162 125 57 I -PRON- PRP 12162 125 58 may may MD 12162 125 59 use use VB 12162 125 60 the the DT 12162 125 61 term term NN 12162 125 62 , , , 12162 125 63 of of IN 12162 125 64 the the DT 12162 125 65 _ _ NNP 12162 125 66 dux dux NN 12162 125 67 _ _ NNP 12162 125 68 or or CC 12162 125 69 overlord overlord NNP 12162 125 70 , , , 12162 125 71 from from IN 12162 125 72 whom whom WP 12162 125 73 the the DT 12162 125 74 several several JJ 12162 125 75 _ _ NNP 12162 125 76 milites milite NNS 12162 125 77 _ _ NNP 12162 125 78 , , , 12162 125 79 or or CC 12162 125 80 landholders landholder NNS 12162 125 81 of of IN 12162 125 82 the the DT 12162 125 83 surrounding surround VBG 12162 125 84 territory territory NN 12162 125 85 , , , 12162 125 86 had have VBD 12162 125 87 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 125 88 tenure tenure NN 12162 125 89 , , , 12162 125 90 and and CC 12162 125 91 who who WP 12162 125 92 himself -PRON- PRP 12162 125 93 held hold VBD 12162 125 94 directly directly RB 12162 125 95 from from IN 12162 125 96 the the DT 12162 125 97 king king NN 12162 125 98 . . . 12162 126 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 126 2 is be VBZ 12162 126 3 the the DT 12162 126 4 very very JJ 12162 126 5 insignificance insignificance NN 12162 126 6 of of IN 12162 126 7 the the DT 12162 126 8 municipal municipal JJ 12162 126 9 unit unit NN 12162 126 10 at at IN 12162 126 11 this this DT 12162 126 12 time time NN 12162 126 13 that that WDT 12162 126 14 makes make VBZ 12162 126 15 it -PRON- PRP 12162 126 16 so so RB 12162 126 17 difficult difficult JJ 12162 126 18 to to TO 12162 126 19 determine determine VB 12162 126 20 anything anything NN 12162 126 21 accurate accurate JJ 12162 126 22 of of IN 12162 126 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 126 24 position position NN 12162 126 25 . . . 12162 127 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 127 2 existed exist VBD 12162 127 3 , , , 12162 127 4 but but CC 12162 127 5 little little JJ 12162 127 6 more more JJR 12162 127 7 can can MD 12162 127 8 be be VB 12162 127 9 said say VBN 12162 127 10 of of IN 12162 127 11 it -PRON- PRP 12162 127 12 ; ; : 12162 127 13 indeed indeed RB 12162 127 14 , , , 12162 127 15 even even RB 12162 127 16 this this DT 12162 127 17 statement statement NN 12162 127 18 might may MD 12162 127 19 be be VB 12162 127 20 questioned question VBN 12162 127 21 , , , 12162 127 22 if if IN 12162 127 23 we -PRON- PRP 12162 127 24 make make VBP 12162 127 25 that that DT 12162 127 26 term term NN 12162 127 27 signify signify VB 12162 127 28 a a DT 12162 127 29 corporate corporate JJ 12162 127 30 existence existence NN 12162 127 31 , , , 12162 127 32 as as IN 12162 127 33 will will MD 12162 127 34 be be VB 12162 127 35 seen see VBN 12162 127 36 further further RB 12162 127 37 on on RB 12162 127 38 when when WRB 12162 127 39 we -PRON- PRP 12162 127 40 come come VBP 12162 127 41 to to TO 12162 127 42 discuss discuss VB 12162 127 43 the the DT 12162 127 44 question question NN 12162 127 45 of of IN 12162 127 46 the the DT 12162 127 47 unbroken unbroken JJ 12162 127 48 corporate corporate JJ 12162 127 49 existence existence NN 12162 127 50 of of IN 12162 127 51 the the DT 12162 127 52 towns town NNS 12162 127 53 . . . 12162 128 1 In in IN 12162 128 2 a a DT 12162 128 3 feudal feudal JJ 12162 128 4 age age NN 12162 128 5 , , , 12162 128 6 or or CC 12162 128 7 in in IN 12162 128 8 an an DT 12162 128 9 age age NN 12162 128 10 of of IN 12162 128 11 incipient incipient JJ 12162 128 12 feudalism feudalism NN 12162 128 13 , , , 12162 128 14 obligation obligation NN 12162 128 15 , , , 12162 128 16 either either CC 12162 128 17 claimed claim VBN 12162 128 18 from from IN 12162 128 19 an an DT 12162 128 20 inferior inferior JJ 12162 128 21 or or CC 12162 128 22 yielded yield VBN 12162 128 23 to to IN 12162 128 24 a a DT 12162 128 25 superior superior JJ 12162 128 26 , , , 12162 128 27 is be VBZ 12162 128 28 a a DT 12162 128 29 good good JJ 12162 128 30 index index NN 12162 128 31 of of IN 12162 128 32 rank rank NN 12162 128 33 and and CC 12162 128 34 importance importance NN 12162 128 35 . . . 12162 129 1 Until until IN 12162 129 2 we -PRON- PRP 12162 129 3 find find VBP 12162 129 4 the the DT 12162 129 5 cities city NNS 12162 129 6 fulfilling fulfil VBG 12162 129 7 certain certain JJ 12162 129 8 obligations obligation NNS 12162 129 9 required require VBN 12162 129 10 by by IN 12162 129 11 a a DT 12162 129 12 higher high JJR 12162 129 13 power power NN 12162 129 14 , , , 12162 129 15 we -PRON- PRP 12162 129 16 can can MD 12162 129 17 learn learn VB 12162 129 18 little little JJ 12162 129 19 to to TO 12162 129 20 tell tell VB 12162 129 21 of of IN 12162 129 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 129 23 condition condition NN 12162 129 24 or or CC 12162 129 25 of of IN 12162 129 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 129 27 internal internal JJ 12162 129 28 history history NN 12162 129 29 . . . 12162 130 1 On on IN 12162 130 2 the the DT 12162 130 3 other other JJ 12162 130 4 hand hand NN 12162 130 5 , , , 12162 130 6 when when WRB 12162 130 7 we -PRON- PRP 12162 130 8 find find VBP 12162 130 9 the the DT 12162 130 10 time time NN 12162 130 11 come come VB 12162 130 12 for for IN 12162 130 13 fulfilling fulfil VBG 12162 130 14 certain certain JJ 12162 130 15 obligations obligation NNS 12162 130 16 , , , 12162 130 17 we -PRON- PRP 12162 130 18 can can MD 12162 130 19 safely safely RB 12162 130 20 argue argue VB 12162 130 21 that that IN 12162 130 22 the the DT 12162 130 23 cities city NNS 12162 130 24 have have VBP 12162 130 25 acquired acquire VBN 12162 130 26 certain certain JJ 12162 130 27 functions function NNS 12162 130 28 which which WDT 12162 130 29 put put VBD 12162 130 30 them -PRON- PRP 12162 130 31 in in IN 12162 130 32 a a DT 12162 130 33 position position NN 12162 130 34 to to TO 12162 130 35 meet meet VB 12162 130 36 the the DT 12162 130 37 obligations obligation NNS 12162 130 38 which which WDT 12162 130 39 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 130 40 growing grow VBG 12162 130 41 importance importance NN 12162 130 42 has have VBZ 12162 130 43 caused cause VBN 12162 130 44 to to TO 12162 130 45 be be VB 12162 130 46 exacted exact VBN 12162 130 47 of of IN 12162 130 48 them -PRON- PRP 12162 130 49 . . . 12162 131 1 To to TO 12162 131 2 trace trace VB 12162 131 3 these these DT 12162 131 4 steps step NNS 12162 131 5 accurately accurately RB 12162 131 6 and and CC 12162 131 7 satisfactorily satisfactorily RB 12162 131 8 is be VBZ 12162 131 9 impossible impossible JJ 12162 131 10 , , , 12162 131 11 but but CC 12162 131 12 by by IN 12162 131 13 the the DT 12162 131 14 aid aid NN 12162 131 15 of of IN 12162 131 16 collateral collateral JJ 12162 131 17 evidence evidence NN 12162 131 18 a a DT 12162 131 19 rough rough JJ 12162 131 20 idea idea NN 12162 131 21 of of IN 12162 131 22 the the DT 12162 131 23 epochs epoch NNS 12162 131 24 at at IN 12162 131 25 least least JJS 12162 131 26 of of IN 12162 131 27 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 131 28 progress progress NN 12162 131 29 can can MD 12162 131 30 be be VB 12162 131 31 gained gain VBN 12162 131 32 . . . 12162 132 1 For for IN 12162 132 2 this this DT 12162 132 3 first first JJ 12162 132 4 period period NN 12162 132 5 , , , 12162 132 6 then then RB 12162 132 7 , , , 12162 132 8 we -PRON- PRP 12162 132 9 see see VBP 12162 132 10 the the DT 12162 132 11 towns town NNS 12162 132 12 reduced reduce VBN 12162 132 13 to to IN 12162 132 14 the the DT 12162 132 15 lowest low JJS 12162 132 16 depths depth NNS 12162 132 17 of of IN 12162 132 18 wretchedness wretchedness NN 12162 132 19 and and CC 12162 132 20 disintegration disintegration NN 12162 132 21 ; ; , 12162 132 22 critically critically RB 12162 132 23 speaking speak VBG 12162 132 24 hardly hardly RB 12162 132 25 existing exist VBG 12162 132 26 , , , 12162 132 27 but but CC 12162 132 28 simply simply RB 12162 132 29 holding hold VBG 12162 132 30 together together RB 12162 132 31 . . . 12162 133 1 In in IN 12162 133 2 studying study VBG 12162 133 3 institutions institution NNS 12162 133 4 and and CC 12162 133 5 tracing trace VBG 12162 133 6 the the DT 12162 133 7 course course NN 12162 133 8 of of IN 12162 133 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 133 10 development development NN 12162 133 11 , , , 12162 133 12 we -PRON- PRP 12162 133 13 must must MD 12162 133 14 always always RB 12162 133 15 remember remember VB 12162 133 16 that that IN 12162 133 17 the the DT 12162 133 18 uninterrupted uninterrupted JJ 12162 133 19 continuance continuance NN 12162 133 20 of of IN 12162 133 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 133 22 history history NN 12162 133 23 may may MD 12162 133 24 depend depend VB 12162 133 25 as as RB 12162 133 26 much much JJ 12162 133 27 on on IN 12162 133 28 the the DT 12162 133 29 moral moral JJ 12162 133 30 force force NN 12162 133 31 of of IN 12162 133 32 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 133 33 existence existence NN 12162 133 34 as as IN 12162 133 35 on on IN 12162 133 36 the the DT 12162 133 37 more more RBR 12162 133 38 limited limited JJ 12162 133 39 and and CC 12162 133 40 defined define VBD 12162 133 41 fact fact NN 12162 133 42 of of IN 12162 133 43 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 133 44 accurate accurate JJ 12162 133 45 and and CC 12162 133 46 legal legal JJ 12162 133 47 recognition recognition NN 12162 133 48 by by IN 12162 133 49 others other NNS 12162 133 50 . . . 12162 134 1 In in IN 12162 134 2 every every DT 12162 134 3 society society NN 12162 134 4 a a DT 12162 134 5 state state NN 12162 134 6 of of IN 12162 134 7 fact fact NN 12162 134 8 must must MD 12162 134 9 in in IN 12162 134 10 time time NN 12162 134 11 become become VB 12162 134 12 a a DT 12162 134 13 state state NN 12162 134 14 of of IN 12162 134 15 law law NN 12162 134 16 , , , 12162 134 17 as as IN 12162 134 18 wise wise JJ 12162 134 19 legislation legislation NN 12162 134 20 is be VBZ 12162 134 21 more more RBR 12162 134 22 the the DT 12162 134 23 recognition recognition NN 12162 134 24 by by IN 12162 134 25 law law NN 12162 134 26 of of IN 12162 134 27 existing exist VBG 12162 134 28 conditions condition NNS 12162 134 29 than than IN 12162 134 30 the the DT 12162 134 31 formulating formulating NN 12162 134 32 of of IN 12162 134 33 new new JJ 12162 134 34 codes code NNS 12162 134 35 . . . 12162 135 1 So so RB 12162 135 2 the the DT 12162 135 3 towns town NNS 12162 135 4 , , , 12162 135 5 even even RB 12162 135 6 at at IN 12162 135 7 the the DT 12162 135 8 period period NN 12162 135 9 immediately immediately RB 12162 135 10 succeeding succeed VBG 12162 135 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 135 12 conquest conquest NN 12162 135 13 by by IN 12162 135 14 the the DT 12162 135 15 Lombards Lombards NNPS 12162 135 16 , , , 12162 135 17 though though IN 12162 135 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 135 19 corporate corporate JJ 12162 135 20 existence existence NN 12162 135 21 can can MD 12162 135 22 not not RB 12162 135 23 be be VB 12162 135 24 claimed claim VBN 12162 135 25 , , , 12162 135 26 nevertheless nevertheless RB 12162 135 27 can can MD 12162 135 28 not not RB 12162 135 29 be be VB 12162 135 30 said say VBN 12162 135 31 in in IN 12162 135 32 any any DT 12162 135 33 measure measure NN 12162 135 34 to to TO 12162 135 35 have have VB 12162 135 36 ceased cease VBN 12162 135 37 to to TO 12162 135 38 exist exist VB 12162 135 39 ; ; : 12162 135 40 for for IN 12162 135 41 as as IN 12162 135 42 collections collection NNS 12162 135 43 of of IN 12162 135 44 individuals individual NNS 12162 135 45 and and CC 12162 135 46 of of IN 12162 135 47 dwellings dwelling NNS 12162 135 48 they -PRON- PRP 12162 135 49 were be VBD 12162 135 50 there there RB 12162 135 51 , , , 12162 135 52 with with IN 12162 135 53 an an DT 12162 135 54 individuality individuality NN 12162 135 55 uneffaced unefface VBN 12162 135 56 though though IN 12162 135 57 as as RB 12162 135 58 yet yet RB 12162 135 59 unrecognized unrecognized JJ 12162 135 60 . . . 12162 136 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 136 2 was be VBD 12162 136 3 a a DT 12162 136 4 period period NN 12162 136 5 of of IN 12162 136 6 utter utter JJ 12162 136 7 stagnation stagnation NN 12162 136 8 , , , 12162 136 9 of of IN 12162 136 10 suspension suspension NN 12162 136 11 of of IN 12162 136 12 life life NN 12162 136 13 , , , 12162 136 14 but but CC 12162 136 15 the the DT 12162 136 16 source source NN 12162 136 17 remained remain VBD 12162 136 18 intact intact JJ 12162 136 19 , , , 12162 136 20 from from IN 12162 136 21 which which WDT 12162 136 22 , , , 12162 136 23 by by IN 12162 136 24 the the DT 12162 136 25 evolution evolution NN 12162 136 26 of of IN 12162 136 27 events event NNS 12162 136 28 and and CC 12162 136 29 the the DT 12162 136 30 progress progress NN 12162 136 31 of of IN 12162 136 32 time time NN 12162 136 33 , , , 12162 136 34 seeds seed NNS 12162 136 35 were be VBD 12162 136 36 to to TO 12162 136 37 spring spring VB 12162 136 38 that that IN 12162 136 39 only only RB 12162 136 40 needed need VBD 12162 136 41 external external JJ 12162 136 42 pressure pressure NN 12162 136 43 to to TO 12162 136 44 force force VB 12162 136 45 them -PRON- PRP 12162 136 46 into into IN 12162 136 47 a a DT 12162 136 48 growth growth NN 12162 136 49 , , , 12162 136 50 slow slow RB 12162 136 51 indeed indeed RB 12162 136 52 but but CC 12162 136 53 certain certain JJ 12162 136 54 , , , 12162 136 55 and and CC 12162 136 56 in in IN 12162 136 57 the the DT 12162 136 58 end end NN 12162 136 59 fruitful fruitful JJ 12162 136 60 . . . 12162 137 1 A a DT 12162 137 2 transition transition NN 12162 137 3 period period NN 12162 137 4 we -PRON- PRP 12162 137 5 might may MD 12162 137 6 call call VB 12162 137 7 it -PRON- PRP 12162 137 8 . . . 12162 138 1 The the DT 12162 138 2 theory theory NN 12162 138 3 of of IN 12162 138 4 Roman roman JJ 12162 138 5 universal universal JJ 12162 138 6 domination domination NN 12162 138 7 , , , 12162 138 8 by by IN 12162 138 9 relegating relegate VBG 12162 138 10 to to IN 12162 138 11 the the DT 12162 138 12 central central JJ 12162 138 13 power power NN 12162 138 14 all all PDT 12162 138 15 the the DT 12162 138 16 _ _ NNP 12162 138 17 political political JJ 12162 138 18 _ _ NNP 12162 138 19 functions function NNS 12162 138 20 of of IN 12162 138 21 the the DT 12162 138 22 municipality municipality NN 12162 138 23 and and CC 12162 138 24 leaving leave VBG 12162 138 25 it -PRON- PRP 12162 138 26 only only RB 12162 138 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 138 28 _ _ NNP 12162 138 29 civic civic NNP 12162 138 30 _ _ NNP 12162 138 31 ones one NNS 12162 138 32 , , , 12162 138 33 and and CC 12162 138 34 these these DT 12162 138 35 in in IN 12162 138 36 later later JJ 12162 138 37 imperial imperial JJ 12162 138 38 times time NNS 12162 138 39 grudgingly grudgingly RB 12162 138 40 and and CC 12162 138 41 with with IN 12162 138 42 an an DT 12162 138 43 impaired impaired JJ 12162 138 44 independence independence NN 12162 138 45 , , , 12162 138 46 had have VBD 12162 138 47 left leave VBN 12162 138 48 it -PRON- PRP 12162 138 49 simply simply RB 12162 138 50 an an DT 12162 138 51 administrative administrative JJ 12162 138 52 instead instead RB 12162 138 53 of of IN 12162 138 54 a a DT 12162 138 55 political political JJ 12162 138 56 division division NN 12162 138 57 of of IN 12162 138 58 the the DT 12162 138 59 state state NN 12162 138 60 . . . 12162 139 1 In in IN 12162 139 2 the the DT 12162 139 3 flush flush NN 12162 139 4 of of IN 12162 139 5 triumph triumph NN 12162 139 6 the the DT 12162 139 7 rough rough JJ 12162 139 8 hand hand NN 12162 139 9 of of IN 12162 139 10 the the DT 12162 139 11 barbarian barbarian NN 12162 139 12 overthrew overthrow VBD 12162 139 13 the the DT 12162 139 14 framework framework NN 12162 139 15 of of IN 12162 139 16 administration administration NN 12162 139 17 , , , 12162 139 18 and and CC 12162 139 19 at at IN 12162 139 20 first first RB 12162 139 21 failed fail VBD 12162 139 22 to to TO 12162 139 23 recognize recognize VB 12162 139 24 the the DT 12162 139 25 necessity necessity NN 12162 139 26 of of IN 12162 139 27 replacing replace VBG 12162 139 28 it -PRON- PRP 12162 139 29 by by IN 12162 139 30 any any DT 12162 139 31 other other JJ 12162 139 32 . . . 12162 140 1 The the DT 12162 140 2 passivity passivity NN 12162 140 3 of of IN 12162 140 4 the the DT 12162 140 5 conquered conquered JJ 12162 140 6 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 12162 140 7 -- -- : 12162 140 8 the the DT 12162 140 9 cause cause NN 12162 140 10 of of IN 12162 140 11 which which WDT 12162 140 12 has have VBZ 12162 140 13 already already RB 12162 140 14 been be VBN 12162 140 15 explained explain VBN 12162 140 16 -- -- : 12162 140 17 was be VBD 12162 140 18 such such JJ 12162 140 19 that that IN 12162 140 20 a a DT 12162 140 21 long long JJ 12162 140 22 period period NN 12162 140 23 elapsed elapse VBN 12162 140 24 before before IN 12162 140 25 they -PRON- PRP 12162 140 26 realized realize VBD 12162 140 27 that that DT 12162 140 28 to to TO 12162 140 29 regain regain VB 12162 140 30 in in IN 12162 140 31 some some DT 12162 140 32 measure measure NN 12162 140 33 the the DT 12162 140 34 position position NN 12162 140 35 of of IN 12162 140 36 local local JJ 12162 140 37 independence independence NN 12162 140 38 that that WDT 12162 140 39 they -PRON- PRP 12162 140 40 had have VBD 12162 140 41 lost lose VBN 12162 140 42 , , , 12162 140 43 and and CC 12162 140 44 to to TO 12162 140 45 free free VB 12162 140 46 themselves -PRON- PRP 12162 140 47 from from IN 12162 140 48 the the DT 12162 140 49 shackles shackle NNS 12162 140 50 of of IN 12162 140 51 dependence dependence NN 12162 140 52 on on IN 12162 140 53 the the DT 12162 140 54 rural rural JJ 12162 140 55 communities community NNS 12162 140 56 in in IN 12162 140 57 which which WDT 12162 140 58 they -PRON- PRP 12162 140 59 were be VBD 12162 140 60 placed place VBN 12162 140 61 -- -- : 12162 140 62 a a DT 12162 140 63 dependence dependence NN 12162 140 64 forced force VBN 12162 140 65 upon upon IN 12162 140 66 them -PRON- PRP 12162 140 67 by by IN 12162 140 68 the the DT 12162 140 69 natural natural JJ 12162 140 70 development development NN 12162 140 71 of of IN 12162 140 72 the the DT 12162 140 73 new new JJ 12162 140 74 state state NN 12162 140 75 system system NN 12162 140 76 of of IN 12162 140 77 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 140 78 Teutonic teutonic JJ 12162 140 79 conquerors conqueror NNS 12162 140 80 -- -- : 12162 140 81 some some DT 12162 140 82 common common JJ 12162 140 83 effort effort NN 12162 140 84 at at IN 12162 140 85 organization organization NN 12162 140 86 was be VBD 12162 140 87 needful needful JJ 12162 140 88 , , , 12162 140 89 for for IN 12162 140 90 purposes purpose NNS 12162 140 91 at at IN 12162 140 92 least least JJS 12162 140 93 of of IN 12162 140 94 self self NN 12162 140 95 - - HYPH 12162 140 96 defense defense NN 12162 140 97 . . . 12162 141 1 That that IN 12162 141 2 this this DT 12162 141 3 effort effort NN 12162 141 4 came come VBD 12162 141 5 from from IN 12162 141 6 the the DT 12162 141 7 town town NN 12162 141 8 itself -PRON- PRP 12162 141 9 , , , 12162 141 10 from from IN 12162 141 11 the the DT 12162 141 12 people people NNS 12162 141 13 and and CC 12162 141 14 not not RB 12162 141 15 from from IN 12162 141 16 the the DT 12162 141 17 external external JJ 12162 141 18 power power NN 12162 141 19 of of IN 12162 141 20 the the DT 12162 141 21 ruler ruler NN 12162 141 22 or or CC 12162 141 23 overlord overlord NN 12162 141 24 , , , 12162 141 25 is be VBZ 12162 141 26 the the DT 12162 141 27 fact fact NN 12162 141 28 which which WDT 12162 141 29 first first RB 12162 141 30 makes make VBZ 12162 141 31 the the DT 12162 141 32 history history NN 12162 141 33 of of IN 12162 141 34 these these DT 12162 141 35 municipalities municipality NNS 12162 141 36 interesting interesting JJ 12162 141 37 . . . 12162 142 1 There there EX 12162 142 2 are be VBP 12162 142 3 two two CD 12162 142 4 facts fact NNS 12162 142 5 , , , 12162 142 6 however however RB 12162 142 7 , , , 12162 142 8 which which WDT 12162 142 9 , , , 12162 142 10 even even RB 12162 142 11 at at IN 12162 142 12 this this DT 12162 142 13 early early JJ 12162 142 14 date date NN 12162 142 15 , , , 12162 142 16 begin begin VB 12162 142 17 to to TO 12162 142 18 influence influence VB 12162 142 19 the the DT 12162 142 20 internal internal JJ 12162 142 21 history history NN 12162 142 22 of of IN 12162 142 23 the the DT 12162 142 24 communes commune NNS 12162 142 25 . . . 12162 143 1 These these DT 12162 143 2 are be VBP 12162 143 3 the the DT 12162 143 4 influence influence NN 12162 143 5 which which WDT 12162 143 6 the the DT 12162 143 7 Church,[7 Church,[7 NNP 12162 143 8 ] ] -RRB- 12162 143 9 through through IN 12162 143 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 143 11 bishops bishop NNS 12162 143 12 , , , 12162 143 13 began begin VBD 12162 143 14 to to TO 12162 143 15 attain attain VB 12162 143 16 in in IN 12162 143 17 the the DT 12162 143 18 civil civil JJ 12162 143 19 affairs affair NNS 12162 143 20 of of IN 12162 143 21 the the DT 12162 143 22 country country NN 12162 143 23 ; ; , 12162 143 24 and and CC 12162 143 25 the the DT 12162 143 26 idea idea NN 12162 143 27 beginning begin VBG 12162 143 28 to to TO 12162 143 29 gain gain VB 12162 143 30 currency currency NN 12162 143 31 that that IN 12162 143 32 the the DT 12162 143 33 locality locality NN 12162 143 34 where where WRB 12162 143 35 a a DT 12162 143 36 number number NN 12162 143 37 of of IN 12162 143 38 individuals individual NNS 12162 143 39 , , , 12162 143 40 however however RB 12162 143 41 wretched wretched JJ 12162 143 42 in in IN 12162 143 43 state state NN 12162 143 44 , , , 12162 143 45 were be VBD 12162 143 46 collected collect VBN 12162 143 47 together together RB 12162 143 48 , , , 12162 143 49 would would MD 12162 143 50 afford afford VB 12162 143 51 a a DT 12162 143 52 safer safe JJR 12162 143 53 refuge refuge NN 12162 143 54 than than IN 12162 143 55 the the DT 12162 143 56 open open JJ 12162 143 57 country country NN 12162 143 58 to to IN 12162 143 59 the the DT 12162 143 60 oppressed oppressed JJ 12162 143 61 , , , 12162 143 62 the the DT 12162 143 63 homeless homeless JJ 12162 143 64 and and CC 12162 143 65 the the DT 12162 143 66 outcast outcast NN 12162 143 67 . . . 12162 144 1 I -PRON- PRP 12162 144 2 will will MD 12162 144 3 briefly briefly RB 12162 144 4 consider consider VB 12162 144 5 the the DT 12162 144 6 latter latter JJ 12162 144 7 first first RB 12162 144 8 , , , 12162 144 9 as as IN 12162 144 10 of of IN 12162 144 11 less less JJR 12162 144 12 importance importance NN 12162 144 13 , , , 12162 144 14 though though IN 12162 144 15 not not RB 12162 144 16 unconnected unconnected JJ 12162 144 17 with with IN 12162 144 18 the the DT 12162 144 19 former former JJ 12162 144 20 . . . 12162 145 1 In in IN 12162 145 2 the the DT 12162 145 3 period period NN 12162 145 4 of of IN 12162 145 5 great great JJ 12162 145 6 confusion confusion NN 12162 145 7 in in IN 12162 145 8 all all DT 12162 145 9 relations relation NNS 12162 145 10 of of IN 12162 145 11 property property NN 12162 145 12 which which WDT 12162 145 13 ensued ensue VBD 12162 145 14 from from IN 12162 145 15 the the DT 12162 145 16 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 145 17 military military NN 12162 145 18 system system NN 12162 145 19 of of IN 12162 145 20 small small JJ 12162 145 21 independent independent JJ 12162 145 22 landholders landholder NNS 12162 145 23 and and CC 12162 145 24 a a DT 12162 145 25 few few JJ 12162 145 26 great great JJ 12162 145 27 overlords overlord NNS 12162 145 28 , , , 12162 145 29 with with IN 12162 145 30 a a DT 12162 145 31 nominal nominal JJ 12162 145 32 royal royal JJ 12162 145 33 ownership ownership NN 12162 145 34 of of IN 12162 145 35 title title NN 12162 145 36 , , , 12162 145 37 and and CC 12162 145 38 before before IN 12162 145 39 the the DT 12162 145 40 feudal feudal JJ 12162 145 41 system system NN 12162 145 42 was be VBD 12162 145 43 established establish VBN 12162 145 44 , , , 12162 145 45 with with IN 12162 145 46 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 145 47 iron iron NN 12162 145 48 rules rule NNS 12162 145 49 in in IN 12162 145 50 regular regular JJ 12162 145 51 working working NN 12162 145 52 order order NN 12162 145 53 , , , 12162 145 54 constant constant JJ 12162 145 55 inequalities inequality NNS 12162 145 56 of of IN 12162 145 57 wealth wealth NN 12162 145 58 and and CC 12162 145 59 consequent consequent NN 12162 145 60 changes change NNS 12162 145 61 in in IN 12162 145 62 the the DT 12162 145 63 relative relative JJ 12162 145 64 positions position NNS 12162 145 65 of of IN 12162 145 66 individuals individual NNS 12162 145 67 were be VBD 12162 145 68 sure sure JJ 12162 145 69 to to TO 12162 145 70 ensue ensue VB 12162 145 71 . . . 12162 146 1 In in IN 12162 146 2 practice practice NN 12162 146 3 if if IN 12162 146 4 not not RB 12162 146 5 in in IN 12162 146 6 theory theory NN 12162 146 7 , , , 12162 146 8 might may MD 12162 146 9 makes make VBZ 12162 146 10 right right RB 12162 146 11 in in IN 12162 146 12 such such PDT 12162 146 13 a a DT 12162 146 14 state state NN 12162 146 15 of of IN 12162 146 16 society society NN 12162 146 17 . . . 12162 147 1 The the DT 12162 147 2 weaker weak JJR 12162 147 3 goes go VBZ 12162 147 4 to to IN 12162 147 5 the the DT 12162 147 6 wall wall NN 12162 147 7 , , , 12162 147 8 and and CC 12162 147 9 the the DT 12162 147 10 stronger strong JJR 12162 147 11 gains gain NNS 12162 147 12 in in IN 12162 147 13 strength strength NN 12162 147 14 by by IN 12162 147 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 147 16 downfall downfall NN 12162 147 17 . . . 12162 148 1 Besides besides RB 12162 148 2 , , , 12162 148 3 it -PRON- PRP 12162 148 4 was be VBD 12162 148 5 long long RB 12162 148 6 before before IN 12162 148 7 the the DT 12162 148 8 roving roving NN 12162 148 9 and and CC 12162 148 10 predatory predatory NN 12162 148 11 instinct instinct NN 12162 148 12 of of IN 12162 148 13 the the DT 12162 148 14 barbarian barbarian NN 12162 148 15 was be VBD 12162 148 16 moderated moderate VBN 12162 148 17 ; ; : 12162 148 18 and and CC 12162 148 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 148 20 weaker weak JJR 12162 148 21 neighbor neighbor NN 12162 148 22 was be VBD 12162 148 23 the the DT 12162 148 24 natural natural JJ 12162 148 25 prey prey NN 12162 148 26 of of IN 12162 148 27 the the DT 12162 148 28 more more RBR 12162 148 29 powerful powerful JJ 12162 148 30 landholder landholder NN 12162 148 31 , , , 12162 148 32 an an DT 12162 148 33 example example NN 12162 148 34 not not RB 12162 148 35 unfrequently unfrequently RB 12162 148 36 set set VBN 12162 148 37 by by IN 12162 148 38 the the DT 12162 148 39 king king NN 12162 148 40 himself -PRON- PRP 12162 148 41 . . . 12162 149 1 Now now RB 12162 149 2 , , , 12162 149 3 if if IN 12162 149 4 the the DT 12162 149 5 weaker weak JJR 12162 149 6 party party NN 12162 149 7 remained remain VBD 12162 149 8 to to TO 12162 149 9 brave brave VB 12162 149 10 the the DT 12162 149 11 attack attack NN 12162 149 12 and and CC 12162 149 13 was be VBD 12162 149 14 conquered conquer VBN 12162 149 15 , , , 12162 149 16 he -PRON- PRP 12162 149 17 was be VBD 12162 149 18 reduced reduce VBN 12162 149 19 to to IN 12162 149 20 a a DT 12162 149 21 state state NN 12162 149 22 of of IN 12162 149 23 villeinage villeinage NN 12162 149 24 or or CC 12162 149 25 of of IN 12162 149 26 dependence dependence NN 12162 149 27 more more RBR 12162 149 28 or or CC 12162 149 29 less less RBR 12162 149 30 complete complete JJ 12162 149 31 . . . 12162 150 1 If if IN 12162 150 2 on on IN 12162 150 3 the the DT 12162 150 4 other other JJ 12162 150 5 hand hand NN 12162 150 6 he -PRON- PRP 12162 150 7 wished wish VBD 12162 150 8 to to TO 12162 150 9 escape escape VB 12162 150 10 this this DT 12162 150 11 change change NN 12162 150 12 of of IN 12162 150 13 condition condition NN 12162 150 14 , , , 12162 150 15 where where WRB 12162 150 16 was be VBD 12162 150 17 he -PRON- PRP 12162 150 18 to to TO 12162 150 19 find find VB 12162 150 20 refuge refuge NN 12162 150 21 ? ? . 12162 151 1 The the DT 12162 151 2 only only JJ 12162 151 3 safe safe JJ 12162 151 4 asylum asylum NN 12162 151 5 in in IN 12162 151 6 those those DT 12162 151 7 days day NNS 12162 151 8 of of IN 12162 151 9 rapine rapine NN 12162 151 10 and and CC 12162 151 11 violence violence NN 12162 151 12 was be VBD 12162 151 13 that that RB 12162 151 14 offered offer VBN 12162 151 15 by by IN 12162 151 16 the the DT 12162 151 17 Church Church NNP 12162 151 18 and and CC 12162 151 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 151 20 precincts precinct NNS 12162 151 21 . . . 12162 152 1 The the DT 12162 152 2 church church NN 12162 152 3 of of IN 12162 152 4 the the DT 12162 152 5 greatest great JJS 12162 152 6 importance importance NN 12162 152 7 in in IN 12162 152 8 the the DT 12162 152 9 district district NN 12162 152 10 , , , 12162 152 11 in in IN 12162 152 12 this this DT 12162 152 13 early early JJ 12162 152 14 age age NN 12162 152 15 when when WRB 12162 152 16 no no DT 12162 152 17 walled walled JJ 12162 152 18 monasteries monastery NNS 12162 152 19 existed exist VBD 12162 152 20 , , , 12162 152 21 would would MD 12162 152 22 without without IN 12162 152 23 doubt doubt NN 12162 152 24 be be VB 12162 152 25 that that IN 12162 152 26 situated situate VBN 12162 152 27 within within IN 12162 152 28 the the DT 12162 152 29 limits limit NNS 12162 152 30 of of IN 12162 152 31 the the DT 12162 152 32 nearest near JJS 12162 152 33 town town NN 12162 152 34 . . . 12162 153 1 To to IN 12162 153 2 this this DT 12162 153 3 haven haven NN 12162 153 4 then then RB 12162 153 5 comes come VBZ 12162 153 6 the the DT 12162 153 7 outcast outcast NN 12162 153 8 , , , 12162 153 9 hastily hastily RB 12162 153 10 collecting collect VBG 12162 153 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 153 12 family family NN 12162 153 13 and and CC 12162 153 14 all all DT 12162 153 15 of of IN 12162 153 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 153 17 wealth wealth NN 12162 153 18 of of IN 12162 153 19 a a DT 12162 153 20 portable portable JJ 12162 153 21 character character NN 12162 153 22 ; ; : 12162 153 23 the the DT 12162 153 24 country country NN 12162 153 25 loses lose VBZ 12162 153 26 a a DT 12162 153 27 small small JJ 12162 153 28 landed landed JJ 12162 153 29 proprietor proprietor NN 12162 153 30 , , , 12162 153 31 but but CC 12162 153 32 the the DT 12162 153 33 town town NN 12162 153 34 gains gain VBZ 12162 153 35 a a DT 12162 153 36 citizen citizen NN 12162 153 37 , , , 12162 153 38 a a DT 12162 153 39 freeman freeman NN 12162 153 40 , , , 12162 153 41 a a DT 12162 153 42 member member NN 12162 153 43 of of IN 12162 153 44 the the DT 12162 153 45 upper upper JJ 12162 153 46 class class NN 12162 153 47 . . . 12162 154 1 Of of RB 12162 154 2 course course RB 12162 154 3 many many JJ 12162 154 4 of of IN 12162 154 5 the the DT 12162 154 6 fugitives fugitive NNS 12162 154 7 who who WP 12162 154 8 sought seek VBD 12162 154 9 asylum asylum NN 12162 154 10 in in IN 12162 154 11 the the DT 12162 154 12 towns town NNS 12162 154 13 were be VBD 12162 154 14 as as RB 12162 154 15 low low JJ 12162 154 16 as as IN 12162 154 17 the the DT 12162 154 18 great great JJ 12162 154 19 numbers number NNS 12162 154 20 of of IN 12162 154 21 the the DT 12162 154 22 semi semi JJ 12162 154 23 - - JJ 12162 154 24 servile servile JJ 12162 154 25 population population NN 12162 154 26 , , , 12162 154 27 but but CC 12162 154 28 much much RB 12162 154 29 that that DT 12162 154 30 was be VBD 12162 154 31 new new JJ 12162 154 32 and and CC 12162 154 33 of of IN 12162 154 34 a a DT 12162 154 35 better well JJR 12162 154 36 character character NN 12162 154 37 and and CC 12162 154 38 intelligence intelligence NN 12162 154 39 , , , 12162 154 40 and and CC 12162 154 41 even even RB 12162 154 42 a a DT 12162 154 43 large large JJ 12162 154 44 amount amount NN 12162 154 45 of of IN 12162 154 46 property property NN 12162 154 47 , , , 12162 154 48 which which WDT 12162 154 49 later later RB 12162 154 50 gave give VBD 12162 154 51 birth birth NN 12162 154 52 to to IN 12162 154 53 commercial commercial JJ 12162 154 54 and and CC 12162 154 55 other other JJ 12162 154 56 interests interest NNS 12162 154 57 , , , 12162 154 58 were be VBD 12162 154 59 introduced introduce VBN 12162 154 60 by by IN 12162 154 61 members member NNS 12162 154 62 of of IN 12162 154 63 the the DT 12162 154 64 higher high JJR 12162 154 65 classes class NNS 12162 154 66 fleeing flee VBG 12162 154 67 from from IN 12162 154 68 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 154 69 more more RBR 12162 154 70 powerful powerful JJ 12162 154 71 neighbors neighbor NNS 12162 154 72 . . . 12162 155 1 Also also RB 12162 155 2 the the DT 12162 155 3 human human JJ 12162 155 4 instinct instinct NN 12162 155 5 of of IN 12162 155 6 seeking seek VBG 12162 155 7 fellowship fellowship NN 12162 155 8 in in IN 12162 155 9 misfortune misfortune NN 12162 155 10 probably probably RB 12162 155 11 assisted assist VBD 12162 155 12 in in IN 12162 155 13 increasing increase VBG 12162 155 14 the the DT 12162 155 15 numbers number NNS 12162 155 16 which which WDT 12162 155 17 in in IN 12162 155 18 times time NNS 12162 155 19 of of IN 12162 155 20 trouble trouble NN 12162 155 21 flocked flock VBD 12162 155 22 towards towards IN 12162 155 23 the the DT 12162 155 24 towns town NNS 12162 155 25 as as IN 12162 155 26 a a DT 12162 155 27 haven haven NN 12162 155 28 of of IN 12162 155 29 refuge refuge NN 12162 155 30 and and CC 12162 155 31 a a DT 12162 155 32 place place NN 12162 155 33 to to TO 12162 155 34 seek seek VB 12162 155 35 support support NN 12162 155 36 . . . 12162 156 1 To to TO 12162 156 2 see see VB 12162 156 3 how how WRB 12162 156 4 they -PRON- PRP 12162 156 5 were be VBD 12162 156 6 in in IN 12162 156 7 a a DT 12162 156 8 measure measure NN 12162 156 9 enabled enable VBD 12162 156 10 to to TO 12162 156 11 attain attain VB 12162 156 12 these these DT 12162 156 13 results result NNS 12162 156 14 , , , 12162 156 15 we -PRON- PRP 12162 156 16 must must MD 12162 156 17 now now RB 12162 156 18 consider consider VB 12162 156 19 the the DT 12162 156 20 first first JJ 12162 156 21 of of IN 12162 156 22 the the DT 12162 156 23 two two CD 12162 156 24 facts fact NNS 12162 156 25 mentioned mention VBN 12162 156 26 above above RB 12162 156 27 , , , 12162 156 28 that that RB 12162 156 29 is is RB 12162 156 30 , , , 12162 156 31 the the DT 12162 156 32 power power NN 12162 156 33 in in IN 12162 156 34 civil civil JJ 12162 156 35 affairs affair NNS 12162 156 36 gained gain VBN 12162 156 37 by by IN 12162 156 38 the the DT 12162 156 39 bishops bishop NNS 12162 156 40 . . . 12162 157 1 When when WRB 12162 157 2 the the DT 12162 157 3 Lombards Lombards NNPS 12162 157 4 of of IN 12162 157 5 the the DT 12162 157 6 conquest conquest NN 12162 157 7 , , , 12162 157 8 in in IN 12162 157 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 157 10 hatred hatred NN 12162 157 11 of of IN 12162 157 12 everything everything NN 12162 157 13 which which WDT 12162 157 14 savored savor VBD 12162 157 15 of of IN 12162 157 16 the the DT 12162 157 17 old old JJ 12162 157 18 Roman roman JJ 12162 157 19 civilization civilization NN 12162 157 20 , , , 12162 157 21 overthrew overthrow VBD 12162 157 22 all all PDT 12162 157 23 the the DT 12162 157 24 established establish VBN 12162 157 25 offices office NNS 12162 157 26 of of IN 12162 157 27 city city NN 12162 157 28 government government NN 12162 157 29 to to TO 12162 157 30 replace replace VB 12162 157 31 them -PRON- PRP 12162 157 32 with with IN 12162 157 33 others other NNS 12162 157 34 of of IN 12162 157 35 barbarian barbarian JJ 12162 157 36 name name NN 12162 157 37 and and CC 12162 157 38 origin origin NN 12162 157 39 , , , 12162 157 40 or or CC 12162 157 41 to to TO 12162 157 42 leave leave VB 12162 157 43 them -PRON- PRP 12162 157 44 unfilled unfilled JJ 12162 157 45 altogether altogether RB 12162 157 46 , , , 12162 157 47 among among IN 12162 157 48 the the DT 12162 157 49 time time NN 12162 157 50 - - HYPH 12162 157 51 honored honor VBN 12162 157 52 officers officer NNS 12162 157 53 of of IN 12162 157 54 the the DT 12162 157 55 Roman roman JJ 12162 157 56 rule rule NN 12162 157 57 was be VBD 12162 157 58 one one CD 12162 157 59 whose whose WP$ 12162 157 60 powers power NNS 12162 157 61 were be VBD 12162 157 62 everywhere everywhere RB 12162 157 63 recognized recognize VBN 12162 157 64 , , , 12162 157 65 even even RB 12162 157 66 if if IN 12162 157 67 at at IN 12162 157 68 present present NN 12162 157 69 it -PRON- PRP 12162 157 70 is be VBZ 12162 157 71 a a DT 12162 157 72 little little RB 12162 157 73 difficult difficult JJ 12162 157 74 to to TO 12162 157 75 define define VB 12162 157 76 with with IN 12162 157 77 precision precision NN 12162 157 78 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 157 79 duties duty NNS 12162 157 80 . . . 12162 158 1 I -PRON- PRP 12162 158 2 refer refer VBP 12162 158 3 to to IN 12162 158 4 the the DT 12162 158 5 _ _ NNP 12162 158 6 defensor defensor NN 12162 158 7 urbis urbis JJ 12162 158 8 _ _ NNP 12162 158 9 . . . 12162 159 1 This this DT 12162 159 2 office office NN 12162 159 3 came come VBD 12162 159 4 into into IN 12162 159 5 prominence prominence NN 12162 159 6 when when WRB 12162 159 7 Roman roman JJ 12162 159 8 despotism despotism NN 12162 159 9 found find VBD 12162 159 10 that that IN 12162 159 11 it -PRON- PRP 12162 159 12 was be VBD 12162 159 13 overreaching overreach VBG 12162 159 14 itself -PRON- PRP 12162 159 15 by by IN 12162 159 16 grinding grind VBG 12162 159 17 down down RP 12162 159 18 the the DT 12162 159 19 defenseless defenseless JJ 12162 159 20 _ _ NNP 12162 159 21 curiae curiae NN 12162 159 22 _ _ NNP 12162 159 23 below below IN 12162 159 24 the the DT 12162 159 25 margin margin NN 12162 159 26 of of IN 12162 159 27 productiveness productiveness NN 12162 159 28 . . . 12162 160 1 The the DT 12162 160 2 duties duty NNS 12162 160 3 of of IN 12162 160 4 the the DT 12162 160 5 _ _ NNP 12162 160 6 defensor defensor NN 12162 160 7 _ _ NNP 12162 160 8 were be VBD 12162 160 9 , , , 12162 160 10 as as IN 12162 160 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 160 12 name name NN 12162 160 13 implies imply VBZ 12162 160 14 , , , 12162 160 15 to to TO 12162 160 16 protect protect VB 12162 160 17 the the DT 12162 160 18 powerless powerless JJ 12162 160 19 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 12162 160 20 of of IN 12162 160 21 the the DT 12162 160 22 cities city NNS 12162 160 23 against against IN 12162 160 24 the the DT 12162 160 25 exactions exaction NNS 12162 160 26 of of IN 12162 160 27 the the DT 12162 160 28 imperial imperial JJ 12162 160 29 ministers minister NNS 12162 160 30 . . . 12162 161 1 He -PRON- PRP 12162 161 2 enjoyed enjoy VBD 12162 161 3 many many JJ 12162 161 4 important important JJ 12162 161 5 privileges privilege NNS 12162 161 6 of of IN 12162 161 7 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 161 8 , , , 12162 161 9 and and CC 12162 161 10 these these DT 12162 161 11 were be VBD 12162 161 12 materially materially RB 12162 161 13 increased increase VBN 12162 161 14 by by IN 12162 161 15 the the DT 12162 161 16 legislation legislation NN 12162 161 17 of of IN 12162 161 18 Justinian Justinian NNP 12162 161 19 ; ; : 12162 161 20 and and CC 12162 161 21 soon soon RB 12162 161 22 the the DT 12162 161 23 _ _ NNP 12162 161 24 defensor defensor NN 12162 161 25 _ _ NNP 12162 161 26 became become VBD 12162 161 27 an an DT 12162 161 28 important important JJ 12162 161 29 officer officer NN 12162 161 30 of of IN 12162 161 31 the the DT 12162 161 32 municipality municipality NN 12162 161 33 . . . 12162 162 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 162 2 8 8 CD 12162 162 3 ] ] -RRB- 12162 162 4 What what WP 12162 162 5 particularly particularly RB 12162 162 6 concerns concern VBZ 12162 162 7 us -PRON- PRP 12162 162 8 is be VBZ 12162 162 9 that that IN 12162 162 10 he -PRON- PRP 12162 162 11 was be VBD 12162 162 12 the the DT 12162 162 13 only only JJ 12162 162 14 municipal municipal JJ 12162 162 15 officer officer NN 12162 162 16 who who WP 12162 162 17 was be VBD 12162 162 18 elected elect VBN 12162 162 19 not not RB 12162 162 20 by by IN 12162 162 21 the the DT 12162 162 22 votes vote NNS 12162 162 23 of of IN 12162 162 24 the the DT 12162 162 25 _ _ NNP 12162 162 26 curia curia NN 12162 162 27 _ _ NNP 12162 162 28 alone alone RB 12162 162 29 , , , 12162 162 30 but but CC 12162 162 31 by by IN 12162 162 32 those those DT 12162 162 33 of of IN 12162 162 34 the the DT 12162 162 35 whole whole JJ 12162 162 36 people people NNS 12162 162 37 forming form VBG 12162 162 38 the the DT 12162 162 39 _ _ NNP 12162 162 40 municipium municipium NN 12162 162 41 _ _ NNP 12162 162 42 , , , 12162 162 43 including include VBG 12162 162 44 the the DT 12162 162 45 bishop bishop NN 12162 162 46 and and CC 12162 162 47 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 162 48 clergy clergy NNS 12162 162 49 . . . 12162 163 1 Now now RB 12162 163 2 in in IN 12162 163 3 the the DT 12162 163 4 period period NN 12162 163 5 just just RB 12162 163 6 preceding precede VBG 12162 163 7 the the DT 12162 163 8 invasion invasion NN 12162 163 9 of of IN 12162 163 10 the the DT 12162 163 11 barbarians barbarian NNS 12162 163 12 , , , 12162 163 13 the the DT 12162 163 14 clergy clergy NN 12162 163 15 alone alone RB 12162 163 16 possessed possess VBD 12162 163 17 any any DT 12162 163 18 energy energy NN 12162 163 19 and and CC 12162 163 20 influence influence NN 12162 163 21 ; ; : 12162 163 22 so so CC 12162 163 23 into into IN 12162 163 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 163 25 hands hand NNS 12162 163 26 fell fall VBD 12162 163 27 the the DT 12162 163 28 control control NN 12162 163 29 of of IN 12162 163 30 this this DT 12162 163 31 new new JJ 12162 163 32 institution institution NN 12162 163 33 , , , 12162 163 34 and and CC 12162 163 35 consequently consequently RB 12162 163 36 all all DT 12162 163 37 that that WDT 12162 163 38 remained remain VBD 12162 163 39 of of IN 12162 163 40 life life NN 12162 163 41 in in IN 12162 163 42 the the DT 12162 163 43 municipal municipal JJ 12162 163 44 system system NN 12162 163 45 . . . 12162 164 1 As as IN 12162 164 2 in in IN 12162 164 3 city city NN 12162 164 4 matters matter VBZ 12162 164 5 these these DT 12162 164 6 conditions condition NNS 12162 164 7 remained remain VBD 12162 164 8 unaltered unaltered JJ 12162 164 9 after after IN 12162 164 10 the the DT 12162 164 11 coming coming NN 12162 164 12 of of IN 12162 164 13 the the DT 12162 164 14 Lombards Lombards NNPS 12162 164 15 , , , 12162 164 16 what what WP 12162 164 17 was be VBD 12162 164 18 more more RBR 12162 164 19 natural natural JJ 12162 164 20 than than IN 12162 164 21 that that IN 12162 164 22 the the DT 12162 164 23 bishops bishop NNS 12162 164 24 should should MD 12162 164 25 retain retain VB 12162 164 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 164 27 moral moral JJ 12162 164 28 position position NN 12162 164 29 of of IN 12162 164 30 defenders defender NNS 12162 164 31 of of IN 12162 164 32 the the DT 12162 164 33 people people NNS 12162 164 34 , , , 12162 164 35 even even RB 12162 164 36 if if IN 12162 164 37 we -PRON- PRP 12162 164 38 admit admit VBP 12162 164 39 that that IN 12162 164 40 the the DT 12162 164 41 form form NN 12162 164 42 of of IN 12162 164 43 the the DT 12162 164 44 office office NN 12162 164 45 fell fall VBD 12162 164 46 with with IN 12162 164 47 the the DT 12162 164 48 old old JJ 12162 164 49 administration administration NN 12162 164 50 ? ? . 12162 165 1 To to IN 12162 165 2 these these DT 12162 165 3 considerations consideration NNS 12162 165 4 we -PRON- PRP 12162 165 5 may may MD 12162 165 6 add add VB 12162 165 7 two two CD 12162 165 8 important important JJ 12162 165 9 facts fact NNS 12162 165 10 : : : 12162 165 11 that that IN 12162 165 12 the the DT 12162 165 13 office office NNP 12162 165 14 of of IN 12162 165 15 bishop bishop NNP 12162 165 16 was be VBD 12162 165 17 for for IN 12162 165 18 a a DT 12162 165 19 long long JJ 12162 165 20 time time NN 12162 165 21 the the DT 12162 165 22 only only JJ 12162 165 23 one one CD 12162 165 24 in in IN 12162 165 25 the the DT 12162 165 26 election election NN 12162 165 27 to to TO 12162 165 28 which which WDT 12162 165 29 the the DT 12162 165 30 people people NNS 12162 165 31 -- -- : 12162 165 32 and and CC 12162 165 33 by by IN 12162 165 34 this this DT 12162 165 35 term term NN 12162 165 36 I -PRON- PRP 12162 165 37 mean mean VBP 12162 165 38 the the DT 12162 165 39 people people NNS 12162 165 40 as as IN 12162 165 41 a a DT 12162 165 42 whole whole NN 12162 165 43 , , , 12162 165 44 not not RB 12162 165 45 the the DT 12162 165 46 _ _ NNP 12162 165 47 populus populus NN 12162 165 48 _ _ NNP 12162 165 49 of of IN 12162 165 50 the the DT 12162 165 51 old old JJ 12162 165 52 laws law NNS 12162 165 53 and and CC 12162 165 54 charters charter NNS 12162 165 55 -- -- : 12162 165 56 had have VBD 12162 165 57 any any DT 12162 165 58 voice voice NN 12162 165 59 whatever whatever WDT 12162 165 60 ; ; : 12162 165 61 and and CC 12162 165 62 that that IN 12162 165 63 the the DT 12162 165 64 bishop bishop NN 12162 165 65 , , , 12162 165 66 from from IN 12162 165 67 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 165 68 spiritual spiritual JJ 12162 165 69 position position NN 12162 165 70 as as IN 12162 165 71 pastor pastor NN 12162 165 72 of of IN 12162 165 73 the the DT 12162 165 74 flock flock NN 12162 165 75 , , , 12162 165 76 and and CC 12162 165 77 from from IN 12162 165 78 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 165 79 civil civil JJ 12162 165 80 position position NN 12162 165 81 as as IN 12162 165 82 having have VBG 12162 165 83 great great JJ 12162 165 84 legal legal JJ 12162 165 85 influence influence NN 12162 165 86 in in IN 12162 165 87 the the DT 12162 165 88 town town NN 12162 165 89 and and CC 12162 165 90 being be VBG 12162 165 91 probably probably RB 12162 165 92 the the DT 12162 165 93 only only JJ 12162 165 94 man man NN 12162 165 95 of of IN 12162 165 96 superior superior JJ 12162 165 97 intellect intellect NN 12162 165 98 interested interest VBN 12162 165 99 in in IN 12162 165 100 the the DT 12162 165 101 internal internal JJ 12162 165 102 affairs affair NNS 12162 165 103 of of IN 12162 165 104 the the DT 12162 165 105 community community NN 12162 165 106 , , , 12162 165 107 was be VBD 12162 165 108 the the DT 12162 165 109 proper proper JJ 12162 165 110 and and CC 12162 165 111 most most RBS 12162 165 112 effectual effectual JJ 12162 165 113 mediator mediator NN 12162 165 114 between between IN 12162 165 115 the the DT 12162 165 116 people people NNS 12162 165 117 and and CC 12162 165 118 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 165 119 temporal temporal JJ 12162 165 120 rulers ruler NNS 12162 165 121 . . . 12162 166 1 Hence hence RB 12162 166 2 arose arise VBD 12162 166 3 that that IN 12162 166 4 important important JJ 12162 166 5 influence influence NN 12162 166 6 of of IN 12162 166 7 the the DT 12162 166 8 bishops bishop NNS 12162 166 9 which which WDT 12162 166 10 was be VBD 12162 166 11 to to TO 12162 166 12 have have VB 12162 166 13 so so RB 12162 166 14 perceptible perceptible JJ 12162 166 15 an an DT 12162 166 16 effect effect NN 12162 166 17 on on IN 12162 166 18 the the DT 12162 166 19 subsequent subsequent JJ 12162 166 20 development development NN 12162 166 21 of of IN 12162 166 22 the the DT 12162 166 23 principles principle NNS 12162 166 24 of of IN 12162 166 25 liberty liberty NN 12162 166 26 in in IN 12162 166 27 the the DT 12162 166 28 communes commune NNS 12162 166 29 . . . 12162 167 1 To to TO 12162 167 2 appreciate appreciate VB 12162 167 3 properly properly RB 12162 167 4 , , , 12162 167 5 and and CC 12162 167 6 to to TO 12162 167 7 give give VB 12162 167 8 the the DT 12162 167 9 true true JJ 12162 167 10 value value NN 12162 167 11 to to IN 12162 167 12 this this DT 12162 167 13 power power NN 12162 167 14 in in IN 12162 167 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 167 16 later later JJ 12162 167 17 progress progress NN 12162 167 18 , , , 12162 167 19 we -PRON- PRP 12162 167 20 must must MD 12162 167 21 remember remember VB 12162 167 22 one one CD 12162 167 23 thing thing NN 12162 167 24 : : : 12162 167 25 that that IN 12162 167 26 it -PRON- PRP 12162 167 27 did do VBD 12162 167 28 not not RB 12162 167 29 have have VB 12162 167 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 167 31 origin origin NN 12162 167 32 by by IN 12162 167 33 any any DT 12162 167 34 seeking seeking NN 12162 167 35 of of IN 12162 167 36 power power NN 12162 167 37 by by IN 12162 167 38 either either CC 12162 167 39 the the DT 12162 167 40 Roman Roman NNP 12162 167 41 or or CC 12162 167 42 the the DT 12162 167 43 Ambrosian ambrosian JJ 12162 167 44 church church NN 12162 167 45 as as IN 12162 167 46 a a DT 12162 167 47 body body NN 12162 167 48 , , , 12162 167 49 in in IN 12162 167 50 any any DT 12162 167 51 concerted concerted JJ 12162 167 52 effort effort NN 12162 167 53 to to TO 12162 167 54 extend extend VB 12162 167 55 the the DT 12162 167 56 ecclesiastical ecclesiastical JJ 12162 167 57 power power NN 12162 167 58 at at IN 12162 167 59 the the DT 12162 167 60 expense expense NN 12162 167 61 of of IN 12162 167 62 the the DT 12162 167 63 civil civil NN 12162 167 64 . . . 12162 168 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 168 2 came come VBD 12162 168 3 from from IN 12162 168 4 the the DT 12162 168 5 spontaneous spontaneous JJ 12162 168 6 effort effort NN 12162 168 7 of of IN 12162 168 8 the the DT 12162 168 9 pastor pastor NN 12162 168 10 , , , 12162 168 11 the the DT 12162 168 12 natural natural JJ 12162 168 13 and and CC 12162 168 14 at at IN 12162 168 15 that that DT 12162 168 16 time time NN 12162 168 17 the the DT 12162 168 18 only only JJ 12162 168 19 protector protector NN 12162 168 20 of of IN 12162 168 21 the the DT 12162 168 22 people people NNS 12162 168 23 , , , 12162 168 24 trying try VBG 12162 168 25 to to TO 12162 168 26 save save VB 12162 168 27 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 168 28 flock flock NN 12162 168 29 from from IN 12162 168 30 the the DT 12162 168 31 extortion extortion NN 12162 168 32 and and CC 12162 168 33 the the DT 12162 168 34 injustice injustice NN 12162 168 35 of of IN 12162 168 36 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 168 37 temporal temporal JJ 12162 168 38 rulers ruler NNS 12162 168 39 . . . 12162 169 1 In in IN 12162 169 2 addition addition NN 12162 169 3 to to IN 12162 169 4 this this DT 12162 169 5 it -PRON- PRP 12162 169 6 must must MD 12162 169 7 be be VB 12162 169 8 remembered remember VBN 12162 169 9 that that IN 12162 169 10 at at IN 12162 169 11 that that DT 12162 169 12 time time NN 12162 169 13 the the DT 12162 169 14 office office NN 12162 169 15 of of IN 12162 169 16 the the DT 12162 169 17 bishop bishop NN 12162 169 18 was be VBD 12162 169 19 the the DT 12162 169 20 only only JJ 12162 169 21 one one CD 12162 169 22 where where WRB 12162 169 23 even even RB 12162 169 24 the the DT 12162 169 25 shadow shadow NN 12162 169 26 of of IN 12162 169 27 the the DT 12162 169 28 democratic democratic JJ 12162 169 29 idea idea NN 12162 169 30 was be VBD 12162 169 31 preserved preserve VBN 12162 169 32 , , , 12162 169 33 the the DT 12162 169 34 only only JJ 12162 169 35 one one CD 12162 169 36 where where WRB 12162 169 37 the the DT 12162 169 38 lowest low JJS 12162 169 39 of of IN 12162 169 40 the the DT 12162 169 41 people people NNS 12162 169 42 , , , 12162 169 43 theoretically theoretically RB 12162 169 44 at at IN 12162 169 45 least least JJS 12162 169 46 , , , 12162 169 47 had have VBD 12162 169 48 a a DT 12162 169 49 voice voice NN 12162 169 50 in in IN 12162 169 51 the the DT 12162 169 52 election election NN 12162 169 53 . . . 12162 170 1 In in IN 12162 170 2 later later JJ 12162 170 3 times time NNS 12162 170 4 , , , 12162 170 5 when when WRB 12162 170 6 the the DT 12162 170 7 feudal feudal JJ 12162 170 8 system system NN 12162 170 9 becomes become VBZ 12162 170 10 established establish VBN 12162 170 11 in in IN 12162 170 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 170 13 completeness completeness NN 12162 170 14 , , , 12162 170 15 the the DT 12162 170 16 position position NN 12162 170 17 of of IN 12162 170 18 the the DT 12162 170 19 bishop bishop NN 12162 170 20 undergoes undergo VBZ 12162 170 21 a a DT 12162 170 22 great great JJ 12162 170 23 change change NN 12162 170 24 , , , 12162 170 25 as as IN 12162 170 26 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 170 27 relations relation NNS 12162 170 28 to to IN 12162 170 29 the the DT 12162 170 30 state state NN 12162 170 31 and and CC 12162 170 32 to to TO 12162 170 33 society society NN 12162 170 34 become become VB 12162 170 35 more more RBR 12162 170 36 complex complex JJ 12162 170 37 in in IN 12162 170 38 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 170 39 character character NN 12162 170 40 ; ; , 12162 170 41 and and CC 12162 170 42 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 170 43 importance importance NN 12162 170 44 in in IN 12162 170 45 the the DT 12162 170 46 community community NN 12162 170 47 , , , 12162 170 48 while while IN 12162 170 49 it -PRON- PRP 12162 170 50 at at IN 12162 170 51 first first JJ 12162 170 52 increases increase NNS 12162 170 53 , , , 12162 170 54 in in IN 12162 170 55 time time NN 12162 170 56 surely surely RB 12162 170 57 diminishes diminish VBZ 12162 170 58 , , , 12162 170 59 under under IN 12162 170 60 the the DT 12162 170 61 influence influence NN 12162 170 62 of of IN 12162 170 63 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 170 64 double double JJ 12162 170 65 relation relation NN 12162 170 66 of of IN 12162 170 67 lord lord NNP 12162 170 68 and and CC 12162 170 69 vassal vassal NNP 12162 170 70 to to IN 12162 170 71 some some DT 12162 170 72 higher higher RBR 12162 170 73 temporal temporal JJ 12162 170 74 power power NN 12162 170 75 . . . 12162 171 1 When when WRB 12162 171 2 he -PRON- PRP 12162 171 3 in in IN 12162 171 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 171 5 turn turn NN 12162 171 6 becomes become VBZ 12162 171 7 the the DT 12162 171 8 possessor possessor NN 12162 171 9 of of IN 12162 171 10 political political JJ 12162 171 11 power power NN 12162 171 12 as as IN 12162 171 13 a a DT 12162 171 14 great great JJ 12162 171 15 baron baron NN 12162 171 16 or or CC 12162 171 17 as as IN 12162 171 18 head head NN 12162 171 19 of of IN 12162 171 20 a a DT 12162 171 21 _ _ NNP 12162 171 22 civitas civitas NN 12162 171 23 _ _ NNP 12162 171 24 , , , 12162 171 25 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 171 26 interests interest NNS 12162 171 27 , , , 12162 171 28 and and CC 12162 171 29 consequently consequently RB 12162 171 30 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 171 31 influence influence NN 12162 171 32 , , , 12162 171 33 are be VBP 12162 171 34 concerned concern VBN 12162 171 35 with with IN 12162 171 36 intriguing intriguing JJ 12162 171 37 and and CC 12162 171 38 with with IN 12162 171 39 efforts effort NNS 12162 171 40 for for IN 12162 171 41 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 171 42 own own JJ 12162 171 43 political political JJ 12162 171 44 advancement advancement NN 12162 171 45 , , , 12162 171 46 in in IN 12162 171 47 many many JJ 12162 171 48 cases case NNS 12162 171 49 leaving leave VBG 12162 171 50 but but CC 12162 171 51 few few JJ 12162 171 52 traces trace NNS 12162 171 53 of of IN 12162 171 54 the the DT 12162 171 55 old old JJ 12162 171 56 relation relation NN 12162 171 57 of of IN 12162 171 58 " " `` 12162 171 59 defender defender NN 12162 171 60 of of IN 12162 171 61 the the DT 12162 171 62 people people NNS 12162 171 63 . . . 12162 171 64 " " '' 12162 172 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 172 2 is be VBZ 12162 172 3 , , , 12162 172 4 however however RB 12162 172 5 , , , 12162 172 6 of of IN 12162 172 7 importance importance NN 12162 172 8 to to TO 12162 172 9 note note VB 12162 172 10 that that IN 12162 172 11 this this DT 12162 172 12 decline decline NN 12162 172 13 in in IN 12162 172 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 172 15 prominence prominence NN 12162 172 16 in in IN 12162 172 17 civil civil JJ 12162 172 18 life life NN 12162 172 19 is be VBZ 12162 172 20 commensurate commensurate JJ 12162 172 21 with with IN 12162 172 22 the the DT 12162 172 23 diminished diminished JJ 12162 172 24 need need NN 12162 172 25 by by IN 12162 172 26 the the DT 12162 172 27 people people NNS 12162 172 28 of of IN 12162 172 29 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 172 30 protection protection NN 12162 172 31 , , , 12162 172 32 owing owe VBG 12162 172 33 to to IN 12162 172 34 the the DT 12162 172 35 steady steady JJ 12162 172 36 increase increase NN 12162 172 37 in in IN 12162 172 38 the the DT 12162 172 39 security security NN 12162 172 40 and and CC 12162 172 41 independence independence NN 12162 172 42 of of IN 12162 172 43 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 172 44 position position NN 12162 172 45 . . . 12162 173 1 To to TO 12162 173 2 sum sum VB 12162 173 3 up up RP 12162 173 4 briefly briefly RB 12162 173 5 the the DT 12162 173 6 chief chief JJ 12162 173 7 characteristics characteristic NNS 12162 173 8 of of IN 12162 173 9 the the DT 12162 173 10 early early JJ 12162 173 11 and and CC 12162 173 12 obscure obscure JJ 12162 173 13 period period NN 12162 173 14 which which WDT 12162 173 15 we -PRON- PRP 12162 173 16 have have VBP 12162 173 17 been be VBN 12162 173 18 considering consider VBG 12162 173 19 , , , 12162 173 20 I -PRON- PRP 12162 173 21 think think VBP 12162 173 22 we -PRON- PRP 12162 173 23 can can MD 12162 173 24 truly truly RB 12162 173 25 call call VB 12162 173 26 it -PRON- PRP 12162 173 27 a a DT 12162 173 28 transition transition NN 12162 173 29 period period NN 12162 173 30 , , , 12162 173 31 and and CC 12162 173 32 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 173 33 history history NN 12162 173 34 a a DT 12162 173 35 tottering totter VBG 12162 173 36 bridge bridge NN 12162 173 37 from from IN 12162 173 38 the the DT 12162 173 39 dead dead JJ 12162 173 40 Roman roman JJ 12162 173 41 municipal municipal JJ 12162 173 42 system system NN 12162 173 43 of of IN 12162 173 44 the the DT 12162 173 45 past past NN 12162 173 46 , , , 12162 173 47 to to IN 12162 173 48 the the DT 12162 173 49 new new JJ 12162 173 50 state state NN 12162 173 51 and and CC 12162 173 52 city city NN 12162 173 53 life life NN 12162 173 54 of of IN 12162 173 55 the the DT 12162 173 56 future future NN 12162 173 57 ; ; : 12162 173 58 from from IN 12162 173 59 a a DT 12162 173 60 state state NN 12162 173 61 of of IN 12162 173 62 society society NN 12162 173 63 where where WRB 12162 173 64 , , , 12162 173 65 as as IN 12162 173 66 we -PRON- PRP 12162 173 67 have have VBP 12162 173 68 seen see VBN 12162 173 69 , , , 12162 173 70 the the DT 12162 173 71 city city NN 12162 173 72 had have VBD 12162 173 73 changed change VBN 12162 173 74 from from IN 12162 173 75 a a DT 12162 173 76 political political JJ 12162 173 77 to to IN 12162 173 78 an an DT 12162 173 79 administrative administrative JJ 12162 173 80 division division NN 12162 173 81 , , , 12162 173 82 to to IN 12162 173 83 one one CD 12162 173 84 where where WRB 12162 173 85 the the DT 12162 173 86 city city NN 12162 173 87 was be VBD 12162 173 88 to to TO 12162 173 89 prepare prepare VB 12162 173 90 itself -PRON- PRP 12162 173 91 again again RB 12162 173 92 to to IN 12162 173 93 claim claim VB 12162 173 94 , , , 12162 173 95 and and CC 12162 173 96 eventually eventually RB 12162 173 97 , , , 12162 173 98 by by IN 12162 173 99 the the DT 12162 173 100 growth growth NN 12162 173 101 of of IN 12162 173 102 internal internal JJ 12162 173 103 resources resource NNS 12162 173 104 , , , 12162 173 105 to to TO 12162 173 106 gain gain VB 12162 173 107 the the DT 12162 173 108 lost lost JJ 12162 173 109 function function NN 12162 173 110 of of IN 12162 173 111 sovereignty sovereignty NN 12162 173 112 . . . 12162 174 1 The the DT 12162 174 2 condition condition NN 12162 174 3 of of IN 12162 174 4 the the DT 12162 174 5 people people NNS 12162 174 6 during during IN 12162 174 7 this this DT 12162 174 8 time time NN 12162 174 9 we -PRON- PRP 12162 174 10 have have VBP 12162 174 11 seen see VBN 12162 174 12 to to TO 12162 174 13 be be VB 12162 174 14 wretched wretche VBN 12162 174 15 in in IN 12162 174 16 the the DT 12162 174 17 extreme extreme NN 12162 174 18 ; ; : 12162 174 19 the the DT 12162 174 20 dismantled dismantle VBN 12162 174 21 city city NN 12162 174 22 but but CC 12162 174 23 a a DT 12162 174 24 bunch bunch NN 12162 174 25 of of IN 12162 174 26 comfortless comfortless JJ 12162 174 27 dwellings dwelling NNS 12162 174 28 ; ; : 12162 174 29 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 174 30 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 12162 174 31 but but CC 12162 174 32 a a DT 12162 174 33 semi semi JJ 12162 174 34 - - JJ 12162 174 35 servile servile JJ 12162 174 36 population population NN 12162 174 37 , , , 12162 174 38 with with IN 12162 174 39 a a DT 12162 174 40 small small JJ 12162 174 41 admixture admixture NN 12162 174 42 of of IN 12162 174 43 refugees refugee NNS 12162 174 44 of of IN 12162 174 45 a a DT 12162 174 46 better well JJR 12162 174 47 class class NN 12162 174 48 ; ; : 12162 174 49 the the DT 12162 174 50 city city NN 12162 174 51 occupying occupy VBG 12162 174 52 but but CC 12162 174 53 a a DT 12162 174 54 subordinate subordinate JJ 12162 174 55 place place NN 12162 174 56 as as IN 12162 174 57 part part NN 12162 174 58 of of IN 12162 174 59 the the DT 12162 174 60 rural rural JJ 12162 174 61 holding holding NN 12162 174 62 within within IN 12162 174 63 whose whose WP$ 12162 174 64 limits limit NNS 12162 174 65 it -PRON- PRP 12162 174 66 stood stand VBD 12162 174 67 ; ; : 12162 174 68 whatever whatever WDT 12162 174 69 of of IN 12162 174 70 wealth wealth NN 12162 174 71 it -PRON- PRP 12162 174 72 contained contain VBD 12162 174 73 an an DT 12162 174 74 easy easy JJ 12162 174 75 if if IN 12162 174 76 not not RB 12162 174 77 a a DT 12162 174 78 legitimate legitimate JJ 12162 174 79 prey prey NN 12162 174 80 to to IN 12162 174 81 the the DT 12162 174 82 turbulent turbulent JJ 12162 174 83 spirits spirit NNS 12162 174 84 , , , 12162 174 85 whose whose WP$ 12162 174 86 mutual mutual JJ 12162 174 87 contests contest NNS 12162 174 88 kept keep VBD 12162 174 89 the the DT 12162 174 90 surrounding surround VBG 12162 174 91 country country NN 12162 174 92 in in IN 12162 174 93 a a DT 12162 174 94 continual continual JJ 12162 174 95 state state NN 12162 174 96 of of IN 12162 174 97 disturbance disturbance NN 12162 174 98 . . . 12162 175 1 The the DT 12162 175 2 only only JJ 12162 175 3 men man NNS 12162 175 4 of of IN 12162 175 5 any any DT 12162 175 6 influence influence NN 12162 175 7 in in IN 12162 175 8 the the DT 12162 175 9 community community NN 12162 175 10 we -PRON- PRP 12162 175 11 have have VBP 12162 175 12 seen see VBN 12162 175 13 to to TO 12162 175 14 be be VB 12162 175 15 the the DT 12162 175 16 bishops bishop NNS 12162 175 17 , , , 12162 175 18 who who WP 12162 175 19 , , , 12162 175 20 while while IN 12162 175 21 steadily steadily RB 12162 175 22 gaining gain VBG 12162 175 23 in in IN 12162 175 24 rank rank NN 12162 175 25 and and CC 12162 175 26 power power NN 12162 175 27 , , , 12162 175 28 stood stand VBD 12162 175 29 forth forth RB 12162 175 30 as as IN 12162 175 31 defenders defender NNS 12162 175 32 of of IN 12162 175 33 the the DT 12162 175 34 people people NNS 12162 175 35 . . . 12162 176 1 During during IN 12162 176 2 all all PDT 12162 176 3 this this DT 12162 176 4 time time NN 12162 176 5 , , , 12162 176 6 however however RB 12162 176 7 , , , 12162 176 8 the the DT 12162 176 9 new new JJ 12162 176 10 sap sap NN 12162 176 11 brought bring VBN 12162 176 12 by by IN 12162 176 13 the the DT 12162 176 14 northern northern JJ 12162 176 15 conquerors conqueror NNS 12162 176 16 has have VBZ 12162 176 17 been be VBN 12162 176 18 slowly slowly RB 12162 176 19 but but CC 12162 176 20 steadily steadily RB 12162 176 21 entering enter VBG 12162 176 22 into into IN 12162 176 23 and and CC 12162 176 24 forming form VBG 12162 176 25 the the DT 12162 176 26 constitution constitution NN 12162 176 27 of of IN 12162 176 28 the the DT 12162 176 29 people people NNS 12162 176 30 . . . 12162 177 1 The the DT 12162 177 2 chaste chaste JJ 12162 177 3 and and CC 12162 177 4 uncorrupted uncorrupted JJ 12162 177 5 Northmen Northmen NNP 12162 177 6 have have VBP 12162 177 7 by by IN 12162 177 8 means mean NNS 12162 177 9 of of IN 12162 177 10 legitimate legitimate JJ 12162 177 11 intermarriage intermarriage NN 12162 177 12 with with IN 12162 177 13 the the DT 12162 177 14 best good JJS 12162 177 15 of of IN 12162 177 16 the the DT 12162 177 17 enervated enervate VBN 12162 177 18 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 12162 177 19 of of IN 12162 177 20 the the DT 12162 177 21 land land NN 12162 177 22 , , , 12162 177 23 raised raise VBD 12162 177 24 up up RP 12162 177 25 an an DT 12162 177 26 almost almost RB 12162 177 27 new new JJ 12162 177 28 race race NN 12162 177 29 , , , 12162 177 30 who who WP 12162 177 31 combine combine VBP 12162 177 32 in in IN 12162 177 33 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 177 34 nature nature NN 12162 177 35 the the DT 12162 177 36 humanizing humanizing NN 12162 177 37 effects effect NNS 12162 177 38 of of IN 12162 177 39 the the DT 12162 177 40 old old JJ 12162 177 41 civilization civilization NN 12162 177 42 with with IN 12162 177 43 the the DT 12162 177 44 love love NN 12162 177 45 of of IN 12162 177 46 independence independence NN 12162 177 47 and and CC 12162 177 48 the the DT 12162 177 49 temperate temperate NN 12162 177 50 virtues virtue NNS 12162 177 51 of of IN 12162 177 52 the the DT 12162 177 53 northern northern JJ 12162 177 54 conquerors conqueror NNS 12162 177 55 , , , 12162 177 56 a a DT 12162 177 57 race race NN 12162 177 58 willing willing JJ 12162 177 59 to to TO 12162 177 60 benefit benefit VB 12162 177 61 by by IN 12162 177 62 the the DT 12162 177 63 experience experience NN 12162 177 64 of of IN 12162 177 65 the the DT 12162 177 66 past past NN 12162 177 67 , , , 12162 177 68 and and CC 12162 177 69 resolved resolve VBN 12162 177 70 to to TO 12162 177 71 carve carve VB 12162 177 72 out out RP 12162 177 73 for for IN 12162 177 74 itself -PRON- PRP 12162 177 75 a a DT 12162 177 76 new new JJ 12162 177 77 and and CC 12162 177 78 independent independent JJ 12162 177 79 future future NN 12162 177 80 . . . 12162 178 1 PART PART NNP 12162 178 2 II ii CD 12162 178 3 . . . 12162 179 1 ELEMENTARY ELEMENTARY NNP 12162 179 2 SOURCES source NNS 12162 179 3 OF of IN 12162 179 4 MUNICIPAL municipal JJ 12162 179 5 UNITY unity NN 12162 179 6 IN in IN 12162 179 7 LOMBARD LOMBARD NNP 12162 179 8 AND and CC 12162 179 9 FRANKISH FRANKISH NNP 12162 179 10 TIMES times NN 12162 179 11 . . . 12162 180 1 In in IN 12162 180 2 the the DT 12162 180 3 second second JJ 12162 180 4 part part NN 12162 180 5 of of IN 12162 180 6 this this DT 12162 180 7 paper paper NN 12162 180 8 we -PRON- PRP 12162 180 9 have have VBP 12162 180 10 to to TO 12162 180 11 consider consider VB 12162 180 12 a a DT 12162 180 13 period period NN 12162 180 14 of of IN 12162 180 15 development development NN 12162 180 16 rather rather RB 12162 180 17 than than IN 12162 180 18 one one CD 12162 180 19 of of IN 12162 180 20 transition transition NN 12162 180 21 , , , 12162 180 22 of of IN 12162 180 23 growth growth NN 12162 180 24 rather rather RB 12162 180 25 than than IN 12162 180 26 of of IN 12162 180 27 change change NN 12162 180 28 . . . 12162 181 1 We -PRON- PRP 12162 181 2 have have VBP 12162 181 3 before before IN 12162 181 4 us -PRON- PRP 12162 181 5 the the DT 12162 181 6 task task NN 12162 181 7 of of IN 12162 181 8 tracing trace VBG 12162 181 9 the the DT 12162 181 10 advance advance NN 12162 181 11 from from IN 12162 181 12 a a DT 12162 181 13 period period NN 12162 181 14 of of IN 12162 181 15 barbarism barbarism NN 12162 181 16 to to IN 12162 181 17 one one CD 12162 181 18 when when WRB 12162 181 19 the the DT 12162 181 20 feudal feudal JJ 12162 181 21 system system NN 12162 181 22 had have VBD 12162 181 23 obtained obtain VBN 12162 181 24 an an DT 12162 181 25 almost almost RB 12162 181 26 complete complete JJ 12162 181 27 domination domination NN 12162 181 28 over over IN 12162 181 29 the the DT 12162 181 30 social social JJ 12162 181 31 system system NN 12162 181 32 of of IN 12162 181 33 Europe Europe NNP 12162 181 34 . . . 12162 182 1 Considering consider VBG 12162 182 2 the the DT 12162 182 3 principles principle NNS 12162 182 4 which which WDT 12162 182 5 lay lie VBD 12162 182 6 at at IN 12162 182 7 the the DT 12162 182 8 base base NN 12162 182 9 of of IN 12162 182 10 the the DT 12162 182 11 society society NN 12162 182 12 of of IN 12162 182 13 new new JJ 12162 182 14 Europe Europe NNP 12162 182 15 , , , 12162 182 16 this this DT 12162 182 17 system system NN 12162 182 18 is be VBZ 12162 182 19 a a DT 12162 182 20 natural natural JJ 12162 182 21 , , , 12162 182 22 indeed indeed RB 12162 182 23 an an DT 12162 182 24 unavoidable unavoidable JJ 12162 182 25 evolution evolution NN 12162 182 26 from from IN 12162 182 27 the the DT 12162 182 28 stage stage NN 12162 182 29 of of IN 12162 182 30 barbarism barbarism NN 12162 182 31 and and CC 12162 182 32 social social JJ 12162 182 33 disorganization disorganization NN 12162 182 34 . . . 12162 183 1 The the DT 12162 183 2 confusion confusion NN 12162 183 3 in in IN 12162 183 4 all all DT 12162 183 5 social social JJ 12162 183 6 and and CC 12162 183 7 economic economic JJ 12162 183 8 relations relation NNS 12162 183 9 consequent consequent NN 12162 183 10 on on IN 12162 183 11 the the DT 12162 183 12 combination combination NN 12162 183 13 of of IN 12162 183 14 the the DT 12162 183 15 old old JJ 12162 183 16 and and CC 12162 183 17 the the DT 12162 183 18 new new JJ 12162 183 19 elements element NNS 12162 183 20 in in IN 12162 183 21 European european JJ 12162 183 22 life life NN 12162 183 23 , , , 12162 183 24 had have VBD 12162 183 25 led lead VBN 12162 183 26 to to IN 12162 183 27 a a DT 12162 183 28 state state NN 12162 183 29 of of IN 12162 183 30 disintegration disintegration NN 12162 183 31 that that WDT 12162 183 32 could could MD 12162 183 33 not not RB 12162 183 34 continue continue VB 12162 183 35 . . . 12162 184 1 A a DT 12162 184 2 new new JJ 12162 184 3 regulative regulative JJ 12162 184 4 force force NN 12162 184 5 was be VBD 12162 184 6 required require VBN 12162 184 7 which which WDT 12162 184 8 would would MD 12162 184 9 at at IN 12162 184 10 the the DT 12162 184 11 same same JJ 12162 184 12 time time NN 12162 184 13 have have VBP 12162 184 14 power power NN 12162 184 15 sufficient sufficient JJ 12162 184 16 to to TO 12162 184 17 control control VB 12162 184 18 the the DT 12162 184 19 various various JJ 12162 184 20 warring warring NN 12162 184 21 elements element NNS 12162 184 22 with with IN 12162 184 23 which which WDT 12162 184 24 it -PRON- PRP 12162 184 25 had have VBD 12162 184 26 to to TO 12162 184 27 deal deal VB 12162 184 28 and and CC 12162 184 29 reduce reduce VB 12162 184 30 them -PRON- PRP 12162 184 31 to to IN 12162 184 32 some some DT 12162 184 33 sort sort NN 12162 184 34 of of IN 12162 184 35 harmony harmony NN 12162 184 36 , , , 12162 184 37 and and CC 12162 184 38 yet yet RB 12162 184 39 which which WDT 12162 184 40 would would MD 12162 184 41 not not RB 12162 184 42 in in IN 12162 184 43 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 184 44 nature nature NN 12162 184 45 be be VB 12162 184 46 in in IN 12162 184 47 opposition opposition NN 12162 184 48 to to IN 12162 184 49 the the DT 12162 184 50 decentralizing decentralize VBG 12162 184 51 spirit spirit NN 12162 184 52 and and CC 12162 184 53 the the DT 12162 184 54 idea idea NN 12162 184 55 of of IN 12162 184 56 individual individual JJ 12162 184 57 independence independence NN 12162 184 58 , , , 12162 184 59 which which WDT 12162 184 60 formed form VBD 12162 184 61 the the DT 12162 184 62 most most RBS 12162 184 63 marked marked JJ 12162 184 64 characteristic characteristic NN 12162 184 65 of of IN 12162 184 66 the the DT 12162 184 67 dominant dominant JJ 12162 184 68 element element NN 12162 184 69 of of IN 12162 184 70 the the DT 12162 184 71 new new JJ 12162 184 72 society society NN 12162 184 73 . . . 12162 185 1 Feudalism feudalism NN 12162 185 2 sprang spring VBD 12162 185 3 from from IN 12162 185 4 the the DT 12162 185 5 midst midst NN 12162 185 6 of of IN 12162 185 7 barbarism barbarism NNP 12162 185 8 not not RB 12162 185 9 by by IN 12162 185 10 a a DT 12162 185 11 sudden sudden JJ 12162 185 12 birth birth NN 12162 185 13 , , , 12162 185 14 but but CC 12162 185 15 by by IN 12162 185 16 a a DT 12162 185 17 growth growth NN 12162 185 18 at at IN 12162 185 19 once once RB 12162 185 20 natural natural JJ 12162 185 21 and and CC 12162 185 22 necessary necessary JJ 12162 185 23 : : : 12162 185 24 natural natural JJ 12162 185 25 , , , 12162 185 26 because because IN 12162 185 27 it -PRON- PRP 12162 185 28 was be VBD 12162 185 29 but but CC 12162 185 30 a a DT 12162 185 31 regulation regulation NN 12162 185 32 by by IN 12162 185 33 law law NN 12162 185 34 of of IN 12162 185 35 conditions condition NNS 12162 185 36 produced produce VBN 12162 185 37 by by IN 12162 185 38 the the DT 12162 185 39 character character NN 12162 185 40 of of IN 12162 185 41 the the DT 12162 185 42 people people NNS 12162 185 43 and and CC 12162 185 44 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 185 45 mode mode NN 12162 185 46 of of IN 12162 185 47 life life NN 12162 185 48 ; ; , 12162 185 49 necessary necessary JJ 12162 185 50 , , , 12162 185 51 because because IN 12162 185 52 the the DT 12162 185 53 progress progress NN 12162 185 54 of of IN 12162 185 55 civilization civilization NN 12162 185 56 was be VBD 12162 185 57 carrying carry VBG 12162 185 58 society society NN 12162 185 59 ahead ahead RB 12162 185 60 of of IN 12162 185 61 the the DT 12162 185 62 stage stage NN 12162 185 63 of of IN 12162 185 64 anarchy anarchy NN 12162 185 65 and and CC 12162 185 66 barbarism barbarism NN 12162 185 67 in in IN 12162 185 68 which which WDT 12162 185 69 the the DT 12162 185 70 overthrow overthrow NN 12162 185 71 of of IN 12162 185 72 the the DT 12162 185 73 old old JJ 12162 185 74 regime regime NN 12162 185 75 had have VBD 12162 185 76 left leave VBN 12162 185 77 it -PRON- PRP 12162 185 78 . . . 12162 186 1 The the DT 12162 186 2 economic economic JJ 12162 186 3 changes change NNS 12162 186 4 which which WDT 12162 186 5 were be VBD 12162 186 6 produced produce VBN 12162 186 7 by by IN 12162 186 8 the the DT 12162 186 9 transition transition NN 12162 186 10 to to IN 12162 186 11 the the DT 12162 186 12 new new JJ 12162 186 13 principles principle NNS 12162 186 14 represented represent VBN 12162 186 15 by by IN 12162 186 16 the the DT 12162 186 17 feudal feudal JJ 12162 186 18 system system NN 12162 186 19 , , , 12162 186 20 are be VBP 12162 186 21 as as RB 12162 186 22 great great JJ 12162 186 23 and and CC 12162 186 24 in in IN 12162 186 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 186 26 way way NN 12162 186 27 as as RB 12162 186 28 important important JJ 12162 186 29 as as IN 12162 186 30 the the DT 12162 186 31 political political JJ 12162 186 32 ones one NNS 12162 186 33 . . . 12162 187 1 When when WRB 12162 187 2 we -PRON- PRP 12162 187 3 say say VBP 12162 187 4 that that IN 12162 187 5 feudalism feudalism NN 12162 187 6 represents represent VBZ 12162 187 7 the the DT 12162 187 8 transfer transfer NN 12162 187 9 of of IN 12162 187 10 the the DT 12162 187 11 dominant dominant JJ 12162 187 12 power power NN 12162 187 13 from from IN 12162 187 14 a a DT 12162 187 15 central central JJ 12162 187 16 head head NN 12162 187 17 to to IN 12162 187 18 scattered scatter VBN 12162 187 19 members member NNS 12162 187 20 , , , 12162 187 21 from from IN 12162 187 22 the the DT 12162 187 23 capital capital NN 12162 187 24 to to IN 12162 187 25 the the DT 12162 187 26 castles castle NNS 12162 187 27 , , , 12162 187 28 we -PRON- PRP 12162 187 29 speak speak VBP 12162 187 30 of of IN 12162 187 31 it -PRON- PRP 12162 187 32 in in IN 12162 187 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 187 34 most most RBS 12162 187 35 prominent prominent JJ 12162 187 36 , , , 12162 187 37 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 187 38 political political JJ 12162 187 39 character character NN 12162 187 40 . . . 12162 188 1 But but CC 12162 188 2 we -PRON- PRP 12162 188 3 must must MD 12162 188 4 not not RB 12162 188 5 forget forget VB 12162 188 6 that that IN 12162 188 7 this this DT 12162 188 8 transfer transfer NN 12162 188 9 also also RB 12162 188 10 meant mean VBD 12162 188 11 a a DT 12162 188 12 great great JJ 12162 188 13 economic economic JJ 12162 188 14 change change NN 12162 188 15 in in IN 12162 188 16 the the DT 12162 188 17 organization organization NNP 12162 188 18 of of IN 12162 188 19 society society NN 12162 188 20 : : : 12162 188 21 that that IN 12162 188 22 it -PRON- PRP 12162 188 23 meant mean VBD 12162 188 24 a a DT 12162 188 25 transfer transfer NN 12162 188 26 of of IN 12162 188 27 the the DT 12162 188 28 seat seat NN 12162 188 29 of of IN 12162 188 30 economic economic JJ 12162 188 31 importance importance NN 12162 188 32 from from IN 12162 188 33 the the DT 12162 188 34 city city NN 12162 188 35 to to IN 12162 188 36 the the DT 12162 188 37 country country NN 12162 188 38 ; ; : 12162 188 39 the the DT 12162 188 40 spirit spirit NN 12162 188 41 of of IN 12162 188 42 the the DT 12162 188 43 times time NNS 12162 188 44 requiring require VBG 12162 188 45 , , , 12162 188 46 especially especially RB 12162 188 47 in in IN 12162 188 48 the the DT 12162 188 49 earlier early JJR 12162 188 50 stages stage NNS 12162 188 51 of of IN 12162 188 52 the the DT 12162 188 53 development development NN 12162 188 54 of of IN 12162 188 55 the the DT 12162 188 56 institution institution NN 12162 188 57 , , , 12162 188 58 that that IN 12162 188 59 the the DT 12162 188 60 seat seat NN 12162 188 61 of of IN 12162 188 62 wealth wealth NN 12162 188 63 should should MD 12162 188 64 follow follow VB 12162 188 65 the the DT 12162 188 66 seat seat NN 12162 188 67 of of IN 12162 188 68 power power NN 12162 188 69 . . . 12162 189 1 I -PRON- PRP 12162 189 2 note note VBP 12162 189 3 this this DT 12162 189 4 now now RB 12162 189 5 because because IN 12162 189 6 we -PRON- PRP 12162 189 7 shall shall MD 12162 189 8 soon soon RB 12162 189 9 have have VB 12162 189 10 occasion occasion NN 12162 189 11 to to TO 12162 189 12 consider consider VB 12162 189 13 how how WRB 12162 189 14 important important JJ 12162 189 15 a a DT 12162 189 16 factor factor NN 12162 189 17 , , , 12162 189 18 in in IN 12162 189 19 the the DT 12162 189 20 earliest early JJS 12162 189 21 period period NN 12162 189 22 of of IN 12162 189 23 the the DT 12162 189 24 development development NN 12162 189 25 of of IN 12162 189 26 the the DT 12162 189 27 cities city NNS 12162 189 28 , , , 12162 189 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 189 30 entire entire JJ 12162 189 31 lack lack NN 12162 189 32 of of IN 12162 189 33 prominence prominence NN 12162 189 34 in in IN 12162 189 35 both both CC 12162 189 36 political political JJ 12162 189 37 and and CC 12162 189 38 economic economic JJ 12162 189 39 affairs affair NNS 12162 189 40 was be VBD 12162 189 41 to to TO 12162 189 42 prove prove VB 12162 189 43 itself -PRON- PRP 12162 189 44 . . . 12162 190 1 Under under IN 12162 190 2 the the DT 12162 190 3 old old JJ 12162 190 4 Roman roman JJ 12162 190 5 system system NN 12162 190 6 , , , 12162 190 7 as as IN 12162 190 8 we -PRON- PRP 12162 190 9 have have VBP 12162 190 10 seen see VBN 12162 190 11 , , , 12162 190 12 the the DT 12162 190 13 city city NN 12162 190 14 was be VBD 12162 190 15 the the DT 12162 190 16 important important JJ 12162 190 17 unit unit NN 12162 190 18 : : : 12162 190 19 Rome Rome NNP 12162 190 20 was be VBD 12162 190 21 a a DT 12162 190 22 subduer subduer NN 12162 190 23 and and CC 12162 190 24 an an DT 12162 190 25 upbuilder upbuilder NN 12162 190 26 of of IN 12162 190 27 cities city NNS 12162 190 28 . . . 12162 191 1 Under under IN 12162 191 2 the the DT 12162 191 3 new new JJ 12162 191 4 Teutonic Teutonic NNP 12162 191 5 element element NN 12162 191 6 the the DT 12162 191 7 land land NN 12162 191 8 is be VBZ 12162 191 9 what what WP 12162 191 10 is be VBZ 12162 191 11 brought bring VBN 12162 191 12 into into IN 12162 191 13 prominence prominence NN 12162 191 14 , , , 12162 191 15 and and CC 12162 191 16 the the DT 12162 191 17 possessor possessor NN 12162 191 18 of of IN 12162 191 19 it -PRON- PRP 12162 191 20 into into IN 12162 191 21 power power NN 12162 191 22 . . . 12162 192 1 The the DT 12162 192 2 dominant dominant JJ 12162 192 3 member member NN 12162 192 4 of of IN 12162 192 5 society society NN 12162 192 6 is be VBZ 12162 192 7 the the DT 12162 192 8 landowner landowner JJ 12162 192 9 and and CC 12162 192 10 not not RB 12162 192 11 the the DT 12162 192 12 citizen citizen NN 12162 192 13 . . . 12162 193 1 In in IN 12162 193 2 ancient ancient JJ 12162 193 3 society society NN 12162 193 4 the the DT 12162 193 5 " " `` 12162 193 6 citizen citizen NN 12162 193 7 " " '' 12162 193 8 need need VBP 12162 193 9 own own JJ 12162 193 10 no no DT 12162 193 11 land land NN 12162 193 12 ; ; : 12162 193 13 in in IN 12162 193 14 the the DT 12162 193 15 modern modern JJ 12162 193 16 society society NN 12162 193 17 of of IN 12162 193 18 the the DT 12162 193 19 feudal feudal JJ 12162 193 20 age age NN 12162 193 21 , , , 12162 193 22 the the DT 12162 193 23 " " `` 12162 193 24 gentleman gentleman NN 12162 193 25 " " '' 12162 193 26 could could MD 12162 193 27 not not RB 12162 193 28 be be VB 12162 193 29 such such JJ 12162 193 30 without without IN 12162 193 31 owning own VBG 12162 193 32 land land NN 12162 193 33 . . . 12162 194 1 This this DT 12162 194 2 opposition opposition NN 12162 194 3 between between IN 12162 194 4 the the DT 12162 194 5 citizen citizen NN 12162 194 6 , , , 12162 194 7 the the DT 12162 194 8 burgher burgher NN 12162 194 9 , , , 12162 194 10 and and CC 12162 194 11 the the DT 12162 194 12 landowner landowner NN 12162 194 13 , , , 12162 194 14 the the DT 12162 194 15 baron baron NN 12162 194 16 , , , 12162 194 17 leads lead VBZ 12162 194 18 us -PRON- PRP 12162 194 19 to to IN 12162 194 20 a a DT 12162 194 21 conclusion conclusion NN 12162 194 22 of of IN 12162 194 23 the the DT 12162 194 24 utmost utmost JJ 12162 194 25 importance importance NN 12162 194 26 to to IN 12162 194 27 the the DT 12162 194 28 whole whole JJ 12162 194 29 study study NN 12162 194 30 of of IN 12162 194 31 city city NN 12162 194 32 life life NN 12162 194 33 during during IN 12162 194 34 the the DT 12162 194 35 middle middle JJ 12162 194 36 ages age NNS 12162 194 37 . . . 12162 195 1 We -PRON- PRP 12162 195 2 note note VBP 12162 195 3 the the DT 12162 195 4 universal universal JJ 12162 195 5 prevalence prevalence NN 12162 195 6 of of IN 12162 195 7 the the DT 12162 195 8 _ _ NNP 12162 195 9 forms form NNS 12162 195 10 _ _ NNP 12162 195 11 characteristic characteristic NN 12162 195 12 of of IN 12162 195 13 the the DT 12162 195 14 feudal feudal JJ 12162 195 15 system system NN 12162 195 16 , , , 12162 195 17 and and CC 12162 195 18 from from IN 12162 195 19 this this DT 12162 195 20 we -PRON- PRP 12162 195 21 conclude conclude VBP 12162 195 22 that that IN 12162 195 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 195 24 _ _ NNP 12162 195 25 principles principle NNS 12162 195 26 _ _ NNP 12162 195 27 were be VBD 12162 195 28 as as RB 12162 195 29 universally universally RB 12162 195 30 adopted adopt VBN 12162 195 31 . . . 12162 196 1 Now now RB 12162 196 2 this this DT 12162 196 3 is be VBZ 12162 196 4 to to IN 12162 196 5 a a DT 12162 196 6 certain certain JJ 12162 196 7 extent extent NN 12162 196 8 an an DT 12162 196 9 error error NN 12162 196 10 . . . 12162 197 1 There there EX 12162 197 2 were be VBD 12162 197 3 certain certain JJ 12162 197 4 institutions institution NNS 12162 197 5 which which WDT 12162 197 6 from from IN 12162 197 7 the the DT 12162 197 8 very very JJ 12162 197 9 nature nature NN 12162 197 10 of of IN 12162 197 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 197 12 origin origin NN 12162 197 13 and and CC 12162 197 14 of of IN 12162 197 15 the the DT 12162 197 16 principles principle NNS 12162 197 17 on on IN 12162 197 18 which which WDT 12162 197 19 they -PRON- PRP 12162 197 20 were be VBD 12162 197 21 based base VBN 12162 197 22 , , , 12162 197 23 must must MD 12162 197 24 have have VB 12162 197 25 been be VBN 12162 197 26 , , , 12162 197 27 at at IN 12162 197 28 once once RB 12162 197 29 in in IN 12162 197 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 197 31 idea idea NN 12162 197 32 and and CC 12162 197 33 in in IN 12162 197 34 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 197 35 structure structure NN 12162 197 36 , , , 12162 197 37 opposed oppose VBN 12162 197 38 to to IN 12162 197 39 the the DT 12162 197 40 fundamental fundamental JJ 12162 197 41 principle principle NN 12162 197 42 of of IN 12162 197 43 feudalism feudalism NN 12162 197 44 . . . 12162 198 1 The the DT 12162 198 2 Roman Roman NNP 12162 198 3 Church Church NNP 12162 198 4 , , , 12162 198 5 for for IN 12162 198 6 example example NN 12162 198 7 , , , 12162 198 8 conformed conform VBD 12162 198 9 itself -PRON- PRP 12162 198 10 to to IN 12162 198 11 the the DT 12162 198 12 forms form NNS 12162 198 13 and and CC 12162 198 14 customs custom NNS 12162 198 15 of of IN 12162 198 16 this this DT 12162 198 17 system system NN 12162 198 18 , , , 12162 198 19 but but CC 12162 198 20 never never RB 12162 198 21 lost lose VBD 12162 198 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 198 23 structural structural JJ 12162 198 24 unity unity NN 12162 198 25 and and CC 12162 198 26 centralization centralization NN 12162 198 27 , , , 12162 198 28 ideas idea NNS 12162 198 29 founded found VBN 12162 198 30 on on IN 12162 198 31 principles principle NNS 12162 198 32 which which WDT 12162 198 33 stood stand VBD 12162 198 34 in in IN 12162 198 35 direct direct JJ 12162 198 36 opposition opposition NN 12162 198 37 to to IN 12162 198 38 those those DT 12162 198 39 of of IN 12162 198 40 feudalism feudalism NN 12162 198 41 . . . 12162 199 1 So so RB 12162 199 2 it -PRON- PRP 12162 199 3 was be VBD 12162 199 4 , , , 12162 199 5 though though IN 12162 199 6 perhaps perhaps RB 12162 199 7 in in IN 12162 199 8 a a DT 12162 199 9 less less JJR 12162 199 10 degree degree NN 12162 199 11 , , , 12162 199 12 with with IN 12162 199 13 the the DT 12162 199 14 cities city NNS 12162 199 15 . . . 12162 200 1 Though though IN 12162 200 2 adapting adapt VBG 12162 200 3 themselves -PRON- PRP 12162 200 4 in in IN 12162 200 5 many many JJ 12162 200 6 ways way NNS 12162 200 7 to to IN 12162 200 8 feudal feudal JJ 12162 200 9 forms form NNS 12162 200 10 , , , 12162 200 11 here here RB 12162 200 12 the the DT 12162 200 13 idea idea NN 12162 200 14 of of IN 12162 200 15 democracy democracy NN 12162 200 16 was be VBD 12162 200 17 as as RB 12162 200 18 strong strong JJ 12162 200 19 in in IN 12162 200 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 200 21 opposition opposition NN 12162 200 22 to to IN 12162 200 23 the the DT 12162 200 24 dominant dominant JJ 12162 200 25 principle principle NN 12162 200 26 of of IN 12162 200 27 feudalism feudalism NN 12162 200 28 , , , 12162 200 29 as as IN 12162 200 30 ever ever RB 12162 200 31 was be VBD 12162 200 32 that that DT 12162 200 33 of of IN 12162 200 34 centralization centralization NN 12162 200 35 in in IN 12162 200 36 the the DT 12162 200 37 Church Church NNP 12162 200 38 . . . 12162 201 1 The the DT 12162 201 2 people people NNS 12162 201 3 , , , 12162 201 4 in in IN 12162 201 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 201 6 own own JJ 12162 201 7 conception conception NN 12162 201 8 at at IN 12162 201 9 least least JJS 12162 201 10 , , , 12162 201 11 stood stand VBD 12162 201 12 out out RP 12162 201 13 as as IN 12162 201 14 an an DT 12162 201 15 organic organic JJ 12162 201 16 unity unity NN 12162 201 17 , , , 12162 201 18 and and CC 12162 201 19 they -PRON- PRP 12162 201 20 considered consider VBD 12162 201 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 201 22 rights right NNS 12162 201 23 and and CC 12162 201 24 duties duty NNS 12162 201 25 as as IN 12162 201 26 matters matter NNS 12162 201 27 which which WDT 12162 201 28 concerned concern VBD 12162 201 29 them -PRON- PRP 12162 201 30 collectively collectively RB 12162 201 31 , , , 12162 201 32 not not RB 12162 201 33 separately separately RB 12162 201 34 , , , 12162 201 35 as as IN 12162 201 36 the the DT 12162 201 37 commonwealth commonwealth NNP 12162 201 38 , , , 12162 201 39 not not RB 12162 201 40 as as IN 12162 201 41 individuals individual NNS 12162 201 42 . . . 12162 202 1 Of of RB 12162 202 2 course course RB 12162 202 3 it -PRON- PRP 12162 202 4 was be VBD 12162 202 5 long long RB 12162 202 6 before before IN 12162 202 7 any any DT 12162 202 8 such such JJ 12162 202 9 opposition opposition NN 12162 202 10 assumed assume VBD 12162 202 11 a a DT 12162 202 12 definite definite JJ 12162 202 13 form form NN 12162 202 14 and and CC 12162 202 15 shape shape NN 12162 202 16 , , , 12162 202 17 before before IN 12162 202 18 even even RB 12162 202 19 the the DT 12162 202 20 people people NNS 12162 202 21 became become VBD 12162 202 22 conscious conscious JJ 12162 202 23 of of IN 12162 202 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 202 25 existence existence NN 12162 202 26 ; ; : 12162 202 27 but but CC 12162 202 28 what what WP 12162 202 29 I -PRON- PRP 12162 202 30 wish wish VBP 12162 202 31 to to TO 12162 202 32 point point VB 12162 202 33 out out RP 12162 202 34 is be VBZ 12162 202 35 , , , 12162 202 36 that that IN 12162 202 37 it -PRON- PRP 12162 202 38 was be VBD 12162 202 39 there there RB 12162 202 40 in in IN 12162 202 41 fact fact NN 12162 202 42 from from IN 12162 202 43 the the DT 12162 202 44 beginning beginning NN 12162 202 45 , , , 12162 202 46 and and CC 12162 202 47 must must MD 12162 202 48 have have VB 12162 202 49 formed form VBN 12162 202 50 a a DT 12162 202 51 structural structural JJ 12162 202 52 part part NN 12162 202 53 of of IN 12162 202 54 the the DT 12162 202 55 development development NN 12162 202 56 of of IN 12162 202 57 city city NN 12162 202 58 life life NN 12162 202 59 in in IN 12162 202 60 the the DT 12162 202 61 middle middle JJ 12162 202 62 ages age NNS 12162 202 63 . . . 12162 203 1 In in IN 12162 203 2 outlining outline VBG 12162 203 3 the the DT 12162 203 4 course course NN 12162 203 5 of of IN 12162 203 6 the the DT 12162 203 7 history history NN 12162 203 8 of of IN 12162 203 9 institutions institution NNS 12162 203 10 , , , 12162 203 11 it -PRON- PRP 12162 203 12 is be VBZ 12162 203 13 seldom seldom RB 12162 203 14 that that IN 12162 203 15 we -PRON- PRP 12162 203 16 are be VBP 12162 203 17 so so RB 12162 203 18 fortunate fortunate JJ 12162 203 19 as as IN 12162 203 20 to to TO 12162 203 21 find find VB 12162 203 22 definite definite JJ 12162 203 23 landmarks landmark NNS 12162 203 24 by by IN 12162 203 25 which which WDT 12162 203 26 we -PRON- PRP 12162 203 27 can can MD 12162 203 28 accurately accurately RB 12162 203 29 mark mark VB 12162 203 30 the the DT 12162 203 31 chronological chronological JJ 12162 203 32 course course NN 12162 203 33 of of IN 12162 203 34 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 203 35 development development NN 12162 203 36 . . . 12162 204 1 The the DT 12162 204 2 giving giving NN 12162 204 3 of of IN 12162 204 4 definite definite JJ 12162 204 5 dates date NNS 12162 204 6 for for IN 12162 204 7 the the DT 12162 204 8 progress progress NN 12162 204 9 of of IN 12162 204 10 ideas idea NNS 12162 204 11 is be VBZ 12162 204 12 in in IN 12162 204 13 most most JJS 12162 204 14 cases case NNS 12162 204 15 both both CC 12162 204 16 misleading misleading JJ 12162 204 17 and and CC 12162 204 18 illusory illusory JJ 12162 204 19 , , , 12162 204 20 as as IN 12162 204 21 , , , 12162 204 22 except except IN 12162 204 23 in in IN 12162 204 24 instances instance NNS 12162 204 25 of of IN 12162 204 26 violent violent JJ 12162 204 27 revolution revolution NN 12162 204 28 , , , 12162 204 29 changes change NNS 12162 204 30 are be VBP 12162 204 31 apt apt JJ 12162 204 32 to to TO 12162 204 33 be be VB 12162 204 34 gradual gradual JJ 12162 204 35 , , , 12162 204 36 rather rather RB 12162 204 37 than than IN 12162 204 38 immediate immediate JJ 12162 204 39 and and CC 12162 204 40 arbitrary arbitrary JJ 12162 204 41 . . . 12162 205 1 But but CC 12162 205 2 we -PRON- PRP 12162 205 3 can can MD 12162 205 4 indicate indicate VB 12162 205 5 the the DT 12162 205 6 periods period NNS 12162 205 7 of of IN 12162 205 8 progress progress NN 12162 205 9 by by IN 12162 205 10 comparing compare VBG 12162 205 11 them -PRON- PRP 12162 205 12 with with IN 12162 205 13 the the DT 12162 205 14 contemporary contemporary JJ 12162 205 15 political political JJ 12162 205 16 changes change NNS 12162 205 17 , , , 12162 205 18 and and CC 12162 205 19 roughly roughly RB 12162 205 20 designate designate VBP 12162 205 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 205 22 eras era NNS 12162 205 23 by by IN 12162 205 24 the the DT 12162 205 25 dates date NNS 12162 205 26 of of IN 12162 205 27 prominent prominent JJ 12162 205 28 political political JJ 12162 205 29 events event NNS 12162 205 30 . . . 12162 206 1 In in IN 12162 206 2 doing do VBG 12162 206 3 this this DT 12162 206 4 , , , 12162 206 5 however however RB 12162 206 6 , , , 12162 206 7 we -PRON- PRP 12162 206 8 must must MD 12162 206 9 always always RB 12162 206 10 remember remember VB 12162 206 11 that that IN 12162 206 12 the the DT 12162 206 13 dates date NNS 12162 206 14 given give VBN 12162 206 15 , , , 12162 206 16 while while IN 12162 206 17 definite definite JJ 12162 206 18 from from IN 12162 206 19 a a DT 12162 206 20 political political JJ 12162 206 21 standpoint standpoint NN 12162 206 22 , , , 12162 206 23 are be VBP 12162 206 24 in in IN 12162 206 25 most most JJS 12162 206 26 cases case NNS 12162 206 27 , , , 12162 206 28 from from IN 12162 206 29 an an DT 12162 206 30 institutional institutional JJ 12162 206 31 standpoint standpoint NN 12162 206 32 , , , 12162 206 33 only only RB 12162 206 34 indicative indicative JJ 12162 206 35 of of IN 12162 206 36 a a DT 12162 206 37 more more RBR 12162 206 38 or or CC 12162 206 39 less less RBR 12162 206 40 extended extended JJ 12162 206 41 period period NN 12162 206 42 of of IN 12162 206 43 change change NN 12162 206 44 . . . 12162 207 1 This this DT 12162 207 2 fact fact NN 12162 207 3 being be VBG 12162 207 4 recognized recognize VBN 12162 207 5 , , , 12162 207 6 let let VB 12162 207 7 us -PRON- PRP 12162 207 8 proceed proceed VB 12162 207 9 to to TO 12162 207 10 examine examine VB 12162 207 11 the the DT 12162 207 12 changes change NNS 12162 207 13 introduced introduce VBN 12162 207 14 into into IN 12162 207 15 Italy Italy NNP 12162 207 16 by by IN 12162 207 17 the the DT 12162 207 18 Carlovingian carlovingian JJ 12162 207 19 rulers ruler NNS 12162 207 20 , , , 12162 207 21 and and CC 12162 207 22 the the DT 12162 207 23 condition condition NN 12162 207 24 of of IN 12162 207 25 the the DT 12162 207 26 society society NN 12162 207 27 upon upon IN 12162 207 28 which which WDT 12162 207 29 these these DT 12162 207 30 changes change NNS 12162 207 31 were be VBD 12162 207 32 engrafted engraft VBN 12162 207 33 . . . 12162 208 1 When when WRB 12162 208 2 in in IN 12162 208 3 the the DT 12162 208 4 year year NN 12162 208 5 773 773 CD 12162 208 6 - - SYM 12162 208 7 774 774 CD 12162 208 8 , , , 12162 208 9 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 12162 208 10 , , , 12162 208 11 in in IN 12162 208 12 pursuance pursuance NN 12162 208 13 of of IN 12162 208 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 208 15 idea idea NN 12162 208 16 of of IN 12162 208 17 universal universal JJ 12162 208 18 empire empire NN 12162 208 19 , , , 12162 208 20 and and CC 12162 208 21 aiding aid VBG 12162 208 22 the the DT 12162 208 23 Pope Pope NNP 12162 208 24 as as IN 12162 208 25 " " `` 12162 208 26 Patricius Patricius NNP 12162 208 27 " " '' 12162 208 28 of of IN 12162 208 29 Rome Rome NNP 12162 208 30 , , , 12162 208 31 entered enter VBD 12162 208 32 Lombardy Lombardy NNP 12162 208 33 with with IN 12162 208 34 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 208 35 army army NN 12162 208 36 , , , 12162 208 37 took take VBD 12162 208 38 Pavia Pavia NNP 12162 208 39 after after IN 12162 208 40 a a DT 12162 208 41 siege siege NN 12162 208 42 of of IN 12162 208 43 six six CD 12162 208 44 months month NNS 12162 208 45 , , , 12162 208 46 and and CC 12162 208 47 shut shut VBD 12162 208 48 up up RP 12162 208 49 Desiderius desiderius NN 12162 208 50 in in IN 12162 208 51 a a DT 12162 208 52 monastery monastery NN 12162 208 53 , , , 12162 208 54 he -PRON- PRP 12162 208 55 found find VBD 12162 208 56 in in IN 12162 208 57 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 208 58 society society NN 12162 208 59 a a DT 12162 208 60 well well RB 12162 208 61 defined define VBN 12162 208 62 , , , 12162 208 63 if if IN 12162 208 64 not not RB 12162 208 65 a a DT 12162 208 66 perfectly perfectly RB 12162 208 67 developed developed JJ 12162 208 68 system system NN 12162 208 69 . . . 12162 209 1 In in IN 12162 209 2 all all DT 12162 209 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 209 4 relations relation NNS 12162 209 5 with with IN 12162 209 6 other other JJ 12162 209 7 nations nation NNS 12162 209 8 , , , 12162 209 9 the the DT 12162 209 10 evidence evidence NN 12162 209 11 of of IN 12162 209 12 history history NN 12162 209 13 proves prove VBZ 12162 209 14 the the DT 12162 209 15 Franks Franks NNPS 12162 209 16 to to TO 12162 209 17 have have VB 12162 209 18 been be VBN 12162 209 19 a a DT 12162 209 20 conquering conquering NN 12162 209 21 rather rather RB 12162 209 22 than than IN 12162 209 23 a a DT 12162 209 24 colonizing colonize VBG 12162 209 25 race race NN 12162 209 26 ; ; : 12162 209 27 consequently consequently RB 12162 209 28 we -PRON- PRP 12162 209 29 may may MD 12162 209 30 expect expect VB 12162 209 31 to to TO 12162 209 32 find find VB 12162 209 33 that that IN 12162 209 34 in in IN 12162 209 35 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 209 36 conquest conquest NN 12162 209 37 of of IN 12162 209 38 Lombardy Lombardy NNP 12162 209 39 , , , 12162 209 40 they -PRON- PRP 12162 209 41 rather rather RB 12162 209 42 gave give VBD 12162 209 43 her -PRON- PRP 12162 209 44 only only JJ 12162 209 45 new new JJ 12162 209 46 rulers ruler NNS 12162 209 47 without without IN 12162 209 48 materially materially RB 12162 209 49 interfering interfere VBG 12162 209 50 with with IN 12162 209 51 the the DT 12162 209 52 condition condition NN 12162 209 53 of of IN 12162 209 54 the the DT 12162 209 55 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 12162 209 56 or or CC 12162 209 57 altering alter VBG 12162 209 58 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 209 59 mode mode NN 12162 209 60 of of IN 12162 209 61 life life NN 12162 209 62 . . . 12162 210 1 The the DT 12162 210 2 institutions institution NNS 12162 210 3 of of IN 12162 210 4 the the DT 12162 210 5 Frankish frankish JJ 12162 210 6 nation nation NN 12162 210 7 were be VBD 12162 210 8 similar similar JJ 12162 210 9 , , , 12162 210 10 in in IN 12162 210 11 many many JJ 12162 210 12 important important JJ 12162 210 13 matters matter NNS 12162 210 14 identical identical JJ 12162 210 15 , , , 12162 210 16 with with IN 12162 210 17 those those DT 12162 210 18 of of IN 12162 210 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 210 20 neighbors neighbor NNS 12162 210 21 across across IN 12162 210 22 the the DT 12162 210 23 Alps Alps NNPS 12162 210 24 ; ; : 12162 210 25 so so CC 12162 210 26 the the DT 12162 210 27 changes change NNS 12162 210 28 introduced introduce VBD 12162 210 29 into into IN 12162 210 30 the the DT 12162 210 31 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 210 32 system system NN 12162 210 33 by by IN 12162 210 34 the the DT 12162 210 35 Carlovingian carlovingian JJ 12162 210 36 rule rule NN 12162 210 37 are be VBP 12162 210 38 , , , 12162 210 39 with with IN 12162 210 40 a a DT 12162 210 41 few few JJ 12162 210 42 exceptions exception NNS 12162 210 43 , , , 12162 210 44 not not RB 12162 210 45 such such JJ 12162 210 46 as as IN 12162 210 47 affect affect VB 12162 210 48 the the DT 12162 210 49 integral integral JJ 12162 210 50 structure structure NN 12162 210 51 of of IN 12162 210 52 society society NN 12162 210 53 , , , 12162 210 54 but but CC 12162 210 55 for for IN 12162 210 56 the the DT 12162 210 57 most most JJS 12162 210 58 part part NN 12162 210 59 only only RB 12162 210 60 such such JJ 12162 210 61 as as IN 12162 210 62 refer refer NN 12162 210 63 to to IN 12162 210 64 the the DT 12162 210 65 character character NN 12162 210 66 and and CC 12162 210 67 position position NN 12162 210 68 of of IN 12162 210 69 the the DT 12162 210 70 central central JJ 12162 210 71 or or CC 12162 210 72 ruling rule VBG 12162 210 73 power power NN 12162 210 74 . . . 12162 211 1 I -PRON- PRP 12162 211 2 say say VBP 12162 211 3 with with IN 12162 211 4 a a DT 12162 211 5 few few JJ 12162 211 6 exceptions exception NNS 12162 211 7 , , , 12162 211 8 for for IN 12162 211 9 among among IN 12162 211 10 these these DT 12162 211 11 very very JJ 12162 211 12 exceptions exception NNS 12162 211 13 are be VBP 12162 211 14 to to TO 12162 211 15 be be VB 12162 211 16 found find VBN 12162 211 17 certain certain JJ 12162 211 18 alterations alteration NNS 12162 211 19 in in IN 12162 211 20 the the DT 12162 211 21 government government NN 12162 211 22 of of IN 12162 211 23 the the DT 12162 211 24 cities city NNS 12162 211 25 , , , 12162 211 26 introduced introduce VBN 12162 211 27 chiefly chiefly RB 12162 211 28 by by IN 12162 211 29 the the DT 12162 211 30 necessities necessity NNS 12162 211 31 of of IN 12162 211 32 the the DT 12162 211 33 system system NN 12162 211 34 of of IN 12162 211 35 central central JJ 12162 211 36 government government NN 12162 211 37 established establish VBN 12162 211 38 by by IN 12162 211 39 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 12162 211 40 , , , 12162 211 41 but but CC 12162 211 42 also also RB 12162 211 43 partly partly RB 12162 211 44 by by IN 12162 211 45 the the DT 12162 211 46 claims claim NNS 12162 211 47 of of IN 12162 211 48 individuality individuality NN 12162 211 49 , , , 12162 211 50 which which WDT 12162 211 51 at at IN 12162 211 52 this this DT 12162 211 53 time time NN 12162 211 54 first first RB 12162 211 55 began begin VBD 12162 211 56 in in IN 12162 211 57 the the DT 12162 211 58 cities city NNS 12162 211 59 timidly timidly RB 12162 211 60 to to TO 12162 211 61 call call VB 12162 211 62 for for IN 12162 211 63 recognition recognition NN 12162 211 64 . . . 12162 212 1 The the DT 12162 212 2 very very JJ 12162 212 3 relation relation NN 12162 212 4 of of IN 12162 212 5 the the DT 12162 212 6 cities city NNS 12162 212 7 with with IN 12162 212 8 the the DT 12162 212 9 central central JJ 12162 212 10 power power NN 12162 212 11 seems seem VBZ 12162 212 12 to to IN 12162 212 13 me -PRON- PRP 12162 212 14 to to TO 12162 212 15 be be VB 12162 212 16 a a DT 12162 212 17 much much RB 12162 212 18 more more RBR 12162 212 19 important important JJ 12162 212 20 factor factor NN 12162 212 21 in in IN 12162 212 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 212 23 growth growth NN 12162 212 24 during during IN 12162 212 25 this this DT 12162 212 26 period period NN 12162 212 27 than than IN 12162 212 28 is be VBZ 12162 212 29 generally generally RB 12162 212 30 supposed suppose VBN 12162 212 31 ; ; : 12162 212 32 for for IN 12162 212 33 it -PRON- PRP 12162 212 34 not not RB 12162 212 35 only only RB 12162 212 36 secured secure VBN 12162 212 37 to to IN 12162 212 38 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 212 39 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 12162 212 40 better well JJR 12162 212 41 chances chance NNS 12162 212 42 of of IN 12162 212 43 justice justice NN 12162 212 44 and and CC 12162 212 45 protection protection NN 12162 212 46 from from IN 12162 212 47 the the DT 12162 212 48 powerful powerful JJ 12162 212 49 local local JJ 12162 212 50 rulers ruler NNS 12162 212 51 , , , 12162 212 52 but but CC 12162 212 53 , , , 12162 212 54 bringing bring VBG 12162 212 55 them -PRON- PRP 12162 212 56 , , , 12162 212 57 through through IN 12162 212 58 certain certain JJ 12162 212 59 officers officer NNS 12162 212 60 , , , 12162 212 61 into into IN 12162 212 62 direct direct JJ 12162 212 63 connection connection NN 12162 212 64 with with IN 12162 212 65 the the DT 12162 212 66 head head NN 12162 212 67 of of IN 12162 212 68 the the DT 12162 212 69 state state NN 12162 212 70 , , , 12162 212 71 added add VBD 12162 212 72 not not RB 12162 212 73 a a DT 12162 212 74 little little JJ 12162 212 75 to to IN 12162 212 76 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 212 77 moral moral JJ 12162 212 78 importance importance NN 12162 212 79 , , , 12162 212 80 a a DT 12162 212 81 condition condition NN 12162 212 82 which which WDT 12162 212 83 in in IN 12162 212 84 a a DT 12162 212 85 growing grow VBG 12162 212 86 community community NN 12162 212 87 is be VBZ 12162 212 88 always always RB 12162 212 89 closely closely RB 12162 212 90 followed follow VBN 12162 212 91 by by IN 12162 212 92 an an DT 12162 212 93 increase increase NN 12162 212 94 of of IN 12162 212 95 material material JJ 12162 212 96 importance importance NN 12162 212 97 . . . 12162 213 1 According accord VBG 12162 213 2 to to IN 12162 213 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 213 4 size size NN 12162 213 5 they -PRON- PRP 12162 213 6 were be VBD 12162 213 7 the the DT 12162 213 8 seats seat NNS 12162 213 9 of of IN 12162 213 10 courts court NNS 12162 213 11 of of IN 12162 213 12 varying vary VBG 12162 213 13 degrees degree NNS 12162 213 14 of of IN 12162 213 15 importance importance NN 12162 213 16 , , , 12162 213 17 and and CC 12162 213 18 from from IN 12162 213 19 them -PRON- PRP 12162 213 20 as as IN 12162 213 21 centres centre NNS 12162 213 22 proceeded proceed VBD 12162 213 23 the the DT 12162 213 24 acts act NNS 12162 213 25 of of IN 12162 213 26 royal royal JJ 12162 213 27 officers officer NNS 12162 213 28 , , , 12162 213 29 both both DT 12162 213 30 ordinary ordinary JJ 12162 213 31 and and CC 12162 213 32 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 12162 213 33 . . . 12162 214 1 Ticinum Ticinum NNP 12162 214 2 was be VBD 12162 214 3 the the DT 12162 214 4 capital capital NN 12162 214 5 , , , 12162 214 6 where where WRB 12162 214 7 in in IN 12162 214 8 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 214 9 times time VBZ 12162 214 10 the the DT 12162 214 11 king king NN 12162 214 12 had have VBD 12162 214 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 214 14 palace palace NN 12162 214 15 . . . 12162 215 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 215 2 9 9 CD 12162 215 3 ] ] -RRB- 12162 215 4 For for IN 12162 215 5 a a DT 12162 215 6 satisfactory satisfactory JJ 12162 215 7 study study NN 12162 215 8 of of IN 12162 215 9 the the DT 12162 215 10 development development NN 12162 215 11 of of IN 12162 215 12 the the DT 12162 215 13 municipal municipal JJ 12162 215 14 institutions institution NNS 12162 215 15 we -PRON- PRP 12162 215 16 need need VBP 12162 215 17 a a DT 12162 215 18 thorough thorough JJ 12162 215 19 understanding understanding NN 12162 215 20 of of IN 12162 215 21 the the DT 12162 215 22 organization organization NNP 12162 215 23 of of IN 12162 215 24 society society NN 12162 215 25 at at IN 12162 215 26 this this DT 12162 215 27 time time NN 12162 215 28 , , , 12162 215 29 and and CC 12162 215 30 especially especially RB 12162 215 31 of of IN 12162 215 32 the the DT 12162 215 33 relations relation NNS 12162 215 34 which which WDT 12162 215 35 the the DT 12162 215 36 municipal municipal JJ 12162 215 37 and and CC 12162 215 38 rural rural JJ 12162 215 39 communities community NNS 12162 215 40 bore bear VBN 12162 215 41 to to IN 12162 215 42 one one CD 12162 215 43 another another DT 12162 215 44 and and CC 12162 215 45 to to IN 12162 215 46 the the DT 12162 215 47 government government NN 12162 215 48 . . . 12162 216 1 I -PRON- PRP 12162 216 2 will will MD 12162 216 3 endeavor endeavor VB 12162 216 4 to to TO 12162 216 5 give give VB 12162 216 6 , , , 12162 216 7 therefore therefore RB 12162 216 8 , , , 12162 216 9 a a DT 12162 216 10 description description NN 12162 216 11 of of IN 12162 216 12 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 216 13 society society NN 12162 216 14 about about IN 12162 216 15 the the DT 12162 216 16 close close NN 12162 216 17 of of IN 12162 216 18 the the DT 12162 216 19 eighth eighth JJ 12162 216 20 century century NN 12162 216 21 , , , 12162 216 22 as as RB 12162 216 23 brief brief JJ 12162 216 24 as as IN 12162 216 25 is be VBZ 12162 216 26 consistent consistent JJ 12162 216 27 with with IN 12162 216 28 a a DT 12162 216 29 clear clear JJ 12162 216 30 understanding understanding NN 12162 216 31 of of IN 12162 216 32 these these DT 12162 216 33 relations relation NNS 12162 216 34 , , , 12162 216 35 and and CC 12162 216 36 as as RB 12162 216 37 complete complete JJ 12162 216 38 as as IN 12162 216 39 the the DT 12162 216 40 great great JJ 12162 216 41 difficulties difficulty NNS 12162 216 42 of of IN 12162 216 43 the the DT 12162 216 44 subject subject NN 12162 216 45 will will MD 12162 216 46 permit permit VB 12162 216 47 , , , 12162 216 48 pointing point VBG 12162 216 49 out out RP 12162 216 50 , , , 12162 216 51 whenever whenever WRB 12162 216 52 they -PRON- PRP 12162 216 53 are be VBP 12162 216 54 authentically authentically RB 12162 216 55 traceable traceable JJ 12162 216 56 , , , 12162 216 57 the the DT 12162 216 58 changes change NNS 12162 216 59 introduced introduce VBN 12162 216 60 in in IN 12162 216 61 consequence consequence NN 12162 216 62 of of IN 12162 216 63 the the DT 12162 216 64 Carlovingian carlovingian JJ 12162 216 65 conquest conquest NN 12162 216 66 . . . 12162 217 1 When when WRB 12162 217 2 we -PRON- PRP 12162 217 3 reach reach VBP 12162 217 4 in in IN 12162 217 5 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 217 6 history history NN 12162 217 7 the the DT 12162 217 8 period period NN 12162 217 9 when when WRB 12162 217 10 the the DT 12162 217 11 power power NN 12162 217 12 of of IN 12162 217 13 the the DT 12162 217 14 native native JJ 12162 217 15 kings king NNS 12162 217 16 was be VBD 12162 217 17 first first RB 12162 217 18 overthrown overthrow VBN 12162 217 19 by by IN 12162 217 20 foreign foreign JJ 12162 217 21 arms arm NNS 12162 217 22 , , , 12162 217 23 we -PRON- PRP 12162 217 24 are be VBP 12162 217 25 no no RB 12162 217 26 longer long RBR 12162 217 27 confronted confront VBN 12162 217 28 by by IN 12162 217 29 many many JJ 12162 217 30 of of IN 12162 217 31 the the DT 12162 217 32 problems problem NNS 12162 217 33 which which WDT 12162 217 34 necessarily necessarily RB 12162 217 35 formed form VBD 12162 217 36 an an DT 12162 217 37 important important JJ 12162 217 38 part part NN 12162 217 39 of of IN 12162 217 40 the the DT 12162 217 41 earlier early JJR 12162 217 42 portions portion NNS 12162 217 43 of of IN 12162 217 44 our -PRON- PRP$ 12162 217 45 investigation investigation NN 12162 217 46 . . . 12162 218 1 I -PRON- PRP 12162 218 2 mean mean VBP 12162 218 3 the the DT 12162 218 4 problems problem NNS 12162 218 5 which which WDT 12162 218 6 arise arise VBP 12162 218 7 in in IN 12162 218 8 a a DT 12162 218 9 state state NN 12162 218 10 of of IN 12162 218 11 society society NN 12162 218 12 where where WRB 12162 218 13 the the DT 12162 218 14 mass mass NN 12162 218 15 of of IN 12162 218 16 individuals individual NNS 12162 218 17 forming form VBG 12162 218 18 it -PRON- PRP 12162 218 19 is be VBZ 12162 218 20 made make VBN 12162 218 21 up up RP 12162 218 22 of of IN 12162 218 23 two two CD 12162 218 24 elements element NNS 12162 218 25 , , , 12162 218 26 a a DT 12162 218 27 conquering conquering NN 12162 218 28 , , , 12162 218 29 dominant dominant VB 12162 218 30 one one CD 12162 218 31 , , , 12162 218 32 and and CC 12162 218 33 a a DT 12162 218 34 conquered conquer VBN 12162 218 35 , , , 12162 218 36 subject subject JJ 12162 218 37 one one CD 12162 218 38 . . . 12162 219 1 During during IN 12162 219 2 the the DT 12162 219 3 two two CD 12162 219 4 centuries century NNS 12162 219 5 elapsed elapse VBD 12162 219 6 since since IN 12162 219 7 the the DT 12162 219 8 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 219 9 barbarians barbarian NNS 12162 219 10 conquered conquer VBD 12162 219 11 Italy Italy NNP 12162 219 12 , , , 12162 219 13 the the DT 12162 219 14 two two CD 12162 219 15 races race NNS 12162 219 16 , , , 12162 219 17 originally originally RB 12162 219 18 so so RB 12162 219 19 different different JJ 12162 219 20 in in IN 12162 219 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 219 22 ideas idea NNS 12162 219 23 and and CC 12162 219 24 in in IN 12162 219 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 219 26 character character NN 12162 219 27 , , , 12162 219 28 so so RB 12162 219 29 opposed opposed JJ 12162 219 30 in in IN 12162 219 31 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 219 32 customs custom NNS 12162 219 33 and and CC 12162 219 34 in in IN 12162 219 35 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 219 36 nature nature NN 12162 219 37 , , , 12162 219 38 have have VBP 12162 219 39 been be VBN 12162 219 40 slowly slowly RB 12162 219 41 but but CC 12162 219 42 surely surely RB 12162 219 43 blending blend VBG 12162 219 44 together together RB 12162 219 45 , , , 12162 219 46 on on IN 12162 219 47 the the DT 12162 219 48 strength strength NN 12162 219 49 of of IN 12162 219 50 common common JJ 12162 219 51 environment environment NN 12162 219 52 and and CC 12162 219 53 by by IN 12162 219 54 the the DT 12162 219 55 necessities necessity NNS 12162 219 56 of of IN 12162 219 57 mutual mutual JJ 12162 219 58 relations relation NNS 12162 219 59 : : : 12162 219 60 so so IN 12162 219 61 that that IN 12162 219 62 by by IN 12162 219 63 the the DT 12162 219 64 last last JJ 12162 219 65 half half NN 12162 219 66 of of IN 12162 219 67 the the DT 12162 219 68 eighth eighth JJ 12162 219 69 century century NN 12162 219 70 , , , 12162 219 71 we -PRON- PRP 12162 219 72 can can MD 12162 219 73 truly truly RB 12162 219 74 say say VB 12162 219 75 that that IN 12162 219 76 national national JJ 12162 219 77 differences difference NNS 12162 219 78 , , , 12162 219 79 as as IN 12162 219 80 such such JJ 12162 219 81 , , , 12162 219 82 have have VBP 12162 219 83 disappeared disappear VBN 12162 219 84 , , , 12162 219 85 and and CC 12162 219 86 left leave VBD 12162 219 87 behind behind RB 12162 219 88 them -PRON- PRP 12162 219 89 a a DT 12162 219 90 single single JJ 12162 219 91 race race NN 12162 219 92 , , , 12162 219 93 a a DT 12162 219 94 combination combination NN 12162 219 95 but but CC 12162 219 96 still still RB 12162 219 97 a a DT 12162 219 98 unity unity NN 12162 219 99 . . . 12162 220 1 We -PRON- PRP 12162 220 2 no no RB 12162 220 3 longer longer RB 12162 220 4 have have VBP 12162 220 5 to to TO 12162 220 6 deal deal VB 12162 220 7 with with IN 12162 220 8 a a DT 12162 220 9 double double JJ 12162 220 10 nationality nationality NN 12162 220 11 , , , 12162 220 12 with with IN 12162 220 13 the the DT 12162 220 14 northern northern JJ 12162 220 15 conquerors conqueror NNS 12162 220 16 and and CC 12162 220 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 220 18 southern southern JJ 12162 220 19 victims victim NNS 12162 220 20 , , , 12162 220 21 with with IN 12162 220 22 the the DT 12162 220 23 oppressed oppressed JJ 12162 220 24 and and CC 12162 220 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 220 26 oppressors oppressor NNS 12162 220 27 . . . 12162 221 1 In in IN 12162 221 2 considering consider VBG 12162 221 3 the the DT 12162 221 4 development development NN 12162 221 5 of of IN 12162 221 6 the the DT 12162 221 7 institutional institutional JJ 12162 221 8 life life NN 12162 221 9 of of IN 12162 221 10 the the DT 12162 221 11 people people NNS 12162 221 12 , , , 12162 221 13 we -PRON- PRP 12162 221 14 need need VBP 12162 221 15 no no RB 12162 221 16 longer longer RB 12162 221 17 seek seek VB 12162 221 18 for for IN 12162 221 19 differences difference NNS 12162 221 20 , , , 12162 221 21 but but CC 12162 221 22 may may MD 12162 221 23 assume assume VB 12162 221 24 the the DT 12162 221 25 easier easy JJR 12162 221 26 task task NN 12162 221 27 of of IN 12162 221 28 tracing trace VBG 12162 221 29 similarities similarity NNS 12162 221 30 . . . 12162 222 1 In in IN 12162 222 2 a a DT 12162 222 3 word word NN 12162 222 4 , , , 12162 222 5 we -PRON- PRP 12162 222 6 no no RB 12162 222 7 longer longer RB 12162 222 8 speak speak VBP 12162 222 9 of of IN 12162 222 10 Lombards Lombards NNP 12162 222 11 and and CC 12162 222 12 of of IN 12162 222 13 Romans Romans NNPS 12162 222 14 , , , 12162 222 15 but but CC 12162 222 16 describe describe VB 12162 222 17 all all DT 12162 222 18 that that WDT 12162 222 19 remains remain VBZ 12162 222 20 of of IN 12162 222 21 both both DT 12162 222 22 by by IN 12162 222 23 the the DT 12162 222 24 new new JJ 12162 222 25 word word NN 12162 222 26 _ _ NNP 12162 222 27 Italians Italians NNPS 12162 222 28 _ _ NNP 12162 222 29 . . . 12162 223 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 223 2 is be VBZ 12162 223 3 not not RB 12162 223 4 within within IN 12162 223 5 the the DT 12162 223 6 scope scope NN 12162 223 7 of of IN 12162 223 8 this this DT 12162 223 9 enquiry enquiry NN 12162 223 10 to to TO 12162 223 11 trace trace VB 12162 223 12 the the DT 12162 223 13 various various JJ 12162 223 14 steps step NNS 12162 223 15 or or CC 12162 223 16 indicate indicate VBP 12162 223 17 the the DT 12162 223 18 various various JJ 12162 223 19 influences influence NNS 12162 223 20 , , , 12162 223 21 the the DT 12162 223 22 civilizing civilize VBG 12162 223 23 effect effect NN 12162 223 24 of of IN 12162 223 25 the the DT 12162 223 26 Church Church NNP 12162 223 27 , , , 12162 223 28 the the DT 12162 223 29 restraining restrain VBG 12162 223 30 power power NN 12162 223 31 of of IN 12162 223 32 the the DT 12162 223 33 law law NN 12162 223 34 , , , 12162 223 35 by by IN 12162 223 36 which which WDT 12162 223 37 this this DT 12162 223 38 complete complete JJ 12162 223 39 amalgamation amalgamation NN 12162 223 40 of of IN 12162 223 41 two two CD 12162 223 42 distinct distinct JJ 12162 223 43 races race NNS 12162 223 44 became become VBD 12162 223 45 an an DT 12162 223 46 accomplished accomplished JJ 12162 223 47 fact fact NN 12162 223 48 ; ; : 12162 223 49 we -PRON- PRP 12162 223 50 need need VBP 12162 223 51 only only RB 12162 223 52 to to TO 12162 223 53 note note VB 12162 223 54 that that IN 12162 223 55 the the DT 12162 223 56 unity unity NN 12162 223 57 of of IN 12162 223 58 the the DT 12162 223 59 race race NN 12162 223 60 was be VBD 12162 223 61 achieved achieve VBN 12162 223 62 . . . 12162 224 1 Even even RB 12162 224 2 Macchiavelli Macchiavelli NNP 12162 224 3 recognizes recognize VBZ 12162 224 4 this this DT 12162 224 5 fact fact NN 12162 224 6 and and CC 12162 224 7 , , , 12162 224 8 speaking speak VBG 12162 224 9 of of IN 12162 224 10 the the DT 12162 224 11 time time NN 12162 224 12 of of IN 12162 224 13 the the DT 12162 224 14 Carlovingian carlovingian JJ 12162 224 15 conquest conquest NN 12162 224 16 , , , 12162 224 17 in in IN 12162 224 18 the the DT 12162 224 19 brief brief JJ 12162 224 20 review review NN 12162 224 21 of of IN 12162 224 22 the the DT 12162 224 23 history history NN 12162 224 24 of of IN 12162 224 25 all all DT 12162 224 26 Italy Italy NNP 12162 224 27 which which WDT 12162 224 28 forms form VBZ 12162 224 29 the the DT 12162 224 30 first first JJ 12162 224 31 part part NN 12162 224 32 of of IN 12162 224 33 the the DT 12162 224 34 first first JJ 12162 224 35 book book NN 12162 224 36 of of IN 12162 224 37 the the DT 12162 224 38 " " `` 12162 224 39 Florentine Florentine NNP 12162 224 40 History history NN 12162 224 41 , , , 12162 224 42 " " '' 12162 224 43 he -PRON- PRP 12162 224 44 truly truly RB 12162 224 45 says say VBZ 12162 224 46 that that IN 12162 224 47 , , , 12162 224 48 after after IN 12162 224 49 two two CD 12162 224 50 hundred hundred CD 12162 224 51 and and CC 12162 224 52 twenty twenty CD 12162 224 53 - - HYPH 12162 224 54 two two CD 12162 224 55 years year NNS 12162 224 56 of of IN 12162 224 57 occupation occupation NN 12162 224 58 by by IN 12162 224 59 the the DT 12162 224 60 Lombards Lombards NNPS 12162 224 61 , , , 12162 224 62 " " '' 12162 224 63 they -PRON- PRP 12162 224 64 retained retain VBD 12162 224 65 nothing nothing NN 12162 224 66 of of IN 12162 224 67 the the DT 12162 224 68 foreigner foreigner NN 12162 224 69 save save IN 12162 224 70 the the DT 12162 224 71 name name NN 12162 224 72 . . . 12162 225 1 " " `` 12162 225 2 [ [ -LRB- 12162 225 3 10 10 CD 12162 225 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 225 5 But but CC 12162 225 6 we -PRON- PRP 12162 225 7 must must MD 12162 225 8 always always RB 12162 225 9 bear bear VB 12162 225 10 in in IN 12162 225 11 mind mind NN 12162 225 12 that that IN 12162 225 13 it -PRON- PRP 12162 225 14 was be VBD 12162 225 15 not not RB 12162 225 16 a a DT 12162 225 17 process process NN 12162 225 18 of of IN 12162 225 19 absorption absorption NN 12162 225 20 of of IN 12162 225 21 one one CD 12162 225 22 race race NN 12162 225 23 by by IN 12162 225 24 another another DT 12162 225 25 , , , 12162 225 26 but but CC 12162 225 27 a a DT 12162 225 28 process process NN 12162 225 29 of of IN 12162 225 30 combination combination NN 12162 225 31 , , , 12162 225 32 of of IN 12162 225 33 amalgamation amalgamation NN 12162 225 34 ; ; : 12162 225 35 a a DT 12162 225 36 levelling levelling NN 12162 225 37 process process NN 12162 225 38 , , , 12162 225 39 by by IN 12162 225 40 which which WDT 12162 225 41 some some DT 12162 225 42 members member NNS 12162 225 43 of of IN 12162 225 44 the the DT 12162 225 45 conquered conquer VBN 12162 225 46 people people NNS 12162 225 47 , , , 12162 225 48 by by IN 12162 225 49 natural natural JJ 12162 225 50 and and CC 12162 225 51 economic economic JJ 12162 225 52 causes cause NNS 12162 225 53 , , , 12162 225 54 were be VBD 12162 225 55 raised raise VBN 12162 225 56 to to IN 12162 225 57 the the DT 12162 225 58 level level NN 12162 225 59 of of IN 12162 225 60 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 225 61 superiors superior NNS 12162 225 62 ; ; : 12162 225 63 and and CC 12162 225 64 on on IN 12162 225 65 the the DT 12162 225 66 other other JJ 12162 225 67 hand hand NN 12162 225 68 , , , 12162 225 69 some some DT 12162 225 70 of of IN 12162 225 71 the the DT 12162 225 72 conquerors conqueror NNS 12162 225 73 , , , 12162 225 74 by by IN 12162 225 75 reason reason NN 12162 225 76 of of IN 12162 225 77 similar similar JJ 12162 225 78 causes cause NNS 12162 225 79 , , , 12162 225 80 fell fall VBD 12162 225 81 to to IN 12162 225 82 the the DT 12162 225 83 rank rank NN 12162 225 84 of of IN 12162 225 85 the the DT 12162 225 86 subject subject JJ 12162 225 87 population population NN 12162 225 88 . . . 12162 226 1 By by IN 12162 226 2 manumission manumission NN 12162 226 3 and and CC 12162 226 4 by by IN 12162 226 5 the the DT 12162 226 6 various various JJ 12162 226 7 forms form NNS 12162 226 8 of of IN 12162 226 9 vassalage vassalage NN 12162 226 10 more more RBR 12162 226 11 or or CC 12162 226 12 less less RBR 12162 226 13 honorable honorable JJ 12162 226 14 , , , 12162 226 15 and and CC 12162 226 16 by by IN 12162 226 17 gaining gain VBG 12162 226 18 some some DT 12162 226 19 economic economic JJ 12162 226 20 importance importance NN 12162 226 21 by by IN 12162 226 22 trade trade NN 12162 226 23 and and CC 12162 226 24 other other JJ 12162 226 25 means mean NNS 12162 226 26 , , , 12162 226 27 many many JJ 12162 226 28 of of IN 12162 226 29 the the DT 12162 226 30 descendants descendant NNS 12162 226 31 of of IN 12162 226 32 the the DT 12162 226 33 Roman roman JJ 12162 226 34 population population NN 12162 226 35 gained gain VBD 12162 226 36 admission admission NN 12162 226 37 to to IN 12162 226 38 the the DT 12162 226 39 ranks rank NNS 12162 226 40 of of IN 12162 226 41 the the DT 12162 226 42 Arimanni Arimanni NNP 12162 226 43 , , , 12162 226 44 and and CC 12162 226 45 obtained obtain VBD 12162 226 46 the the DT 12162 226 47 full full JJ 12162 226 48 franchise franchise NN 12162 226 49 by by IN 12162 226 50 the the DT 12162 226 51 possession possession NN 12162 226 52 of of IN 12162 226 53 landed landed JJ 12162 226 54 property property NN 12162 226 55 . . . 12162 227 1 By by IN 12162 227 2 forfeitures forfeiture NNS 12162 227 3 , , , 12162 227 4 consequent consequent JJ 12162 227 5 poverty poverty NN 12162 227 6 and and CC 12162 227 7 ultimate ultimate JJ 12162 227 8 pauperization pauperization NN 12162 227 9 , , , 12162 227 10 many many JJ 12162 227 11 of of IN 12162 227 12 the the DT 12162 227 13 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 227 14 stock stock NN 12162 227 15 lost lose VBD 12162 227 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 227 17 rank rank NN 12162 227 18 and and CC 12162 227 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 227 20 lands land NNS 12162 227 21 and and CC 12162 227 22 entered enter VBD 12162 227 23 the the DT 12162 227 24 same same JJ 12162 227 25 state state NN 12162 227 26 of of IN 12162 227 27 vassalage vassalage NN 12162 227 28 with with IN 12162 227 29 the the DT 12162 227 30 great great JJ 12162 227 31 body body NN 12162 227 32 of of IN 12162 227 33 the the DT 12162 227 34 people people NNS 12162 227 35 . . . 12162 228 1 We -PRON- PRP 12162 228 2 see see VBP 12162 228 3 evidences evidence NNS 12162 228 4 of of IN 12162 228 5 this this DT 12162 228 6 change change NN 12162 228 7 , , , 12162 228 8 this this DT 12162 228 9 levelling levelling NN 12162 228 10 up up RP 12162 228 11 and and CC 12162 228 12 levelling level VBG 12162 228 13 down down RP 12162 228 14 , , , 12162 228 15 all all RB 12162 228 16 through through IN 12162 228 17 the the DT 12162 228 18 military military JJ 12162 228 19 code code NN 12162 228 20 of of IN 12162 228 21 Liutprand Liutprand NNP 12162 228 22 , , , 12162 228 23 and and CC 12162 228 24 in in IN 12162 228 25 the the DT 12162 228 26 later later JJ 12162 228 27 one one CD 12162 228 28 of of IN 12162 228 29 Aistulf Aistulf NNP 12162 228 30 can can MD 12162 228 31 even even RB 12162 228 32 more more RBR 12162 228 33 distinctly distinctly RB 12162 228 34 trace trace VB 12162 228 35 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 228 36 progress progress NN 12162 228 37 ; ; : 12162 228 38 and and CC 12162 228 39 without without IN 12162 228 40 entering enter VBG 12162 228 41 into into IN 12162 228 42 further further JJ 12162 228 43 detail detail NN 12162 228 44 , , , 12162 228 45 we -PRON- PRP 12162 228 46 can can MD 12162 228 47 definitely definitely RB 12162 228 48 state state VB 12162 228 49 that that IN 12162 228 50 , , , 12162 228 51 by by IN 12162 228 52 the the DT 12162 228 53 time time NN 12162 228 54 we -PRON- PRP 12162 228 55 are be VBP 12162 228 56 now now RB 12162 228 57 considering consider VBG 12162 228 58 , , , 12162 228 59 all all DT 12162 228 60 traces trace NNS 12162 228 61 of of IN 12162 228 62 distinct distinct JJ 12162 228 63 race race NN 12162 228 64 - - HYPH 12162 228 65 origin origin NN 12162 228 66 had have VBD 12162 228 67 disappeared disappear VBN 12162 228 68 in in IN 12162 228 69 the the DT 12162 228 70 mass mass NN 12162 228 71 of of IN 12162 228 72 the the DT 12162 228 73 people people NNS 12162 228 74 , , , 12162 228 75 and and CC 12162 228 76 the the DT 12162 228 77 only only JJ 12162 228 78 safe safe JJ 12162 228 79 distinction distinction NN 12162 228 80 that that IN 12162 228 81 we -PRON- PRP 12162 228 82 can can MD 12162 228 83 draw draw VB 12162 228 84 is be VBZ 12162 228 85 to to TO 12162 228 86 say say VB 12162 228 87 that that IN 12162 228 88 among among IN 12162 228 89 the the DT 12162 228 90 families family NNS 12162 228 91 of of IN 12162 228 92 the the DT 12162 228 93 dukes duke NNS 12162 228 94 and and CC 12162 228 95 greater great JJR 12162 228 96 nobles noble NNS 12162 228 97 , , , 12162 228 98 the the DT 12162 228 99 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 228 100 stock stock NN 12162 228 101 was be VBD 12162 228 102 preserved preserve VBN 12162 228 103 comparatively comparatively RB 12162 228 104 pure pure JJ 12162 228 105 , , , 12162 228 106 and and CC 12162 228 107 that that IN 12162 228 108 the the DT 12162 228 109 serf serf JJ 12162 228 110 population population NN 12162 228 111 was be VBD 12162 228 112 , , , 12162 228 113 generally generally RB 12162 228 114 speaking speak VBG 12162 228 115 , , , 12162 228 116 of of IN 12162 228 117 Roman roman JJ 12162 228 118 descent descent NN 12162 228 119 . . . 12162 229 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 229 2 11 11 CD 12162 229 3 ] ] -RRB- 12162 229 4 KING KING NNP 12162 229 5 + + CC 12162 229 6 --------------+--------------+ --------------+--------------+ CD 12162 229 7 | | NNP 12162 229 8 | | CD 12162 229 9 | | NNS 12162 229 10 COUNTS COUNTS NNP 12162 229 11 DUKES DUKES NNP 12162 229 12 GASTALDS gastalds NN 12162 229 13 | | CD 12162 229 14 + + CC 12162 229 15 --------------+--------------+ --------------+--------------+ CD 12162 229 16 | | NNP 12162 229 17 | | CD 12162 229 18 | | NNS 12162 229 19 CUTANEI cutanei NN 12162 229 20 SCABINI SCABINI NNS 12162 229 21 SCULDAHIS sculdahi NNS 12162 229 22 ( ( -LRB- 12162 229 23 LATER LATER NNP 12162 229 24 BARONS BARONS NNP 12162 229 25 ) ) -RRB- 12162 229 26 | | NNP 12162 229 27 | | CD 12162 229 28 | | CD 12162 229 29 | | CD 12162 229 30 | | CD 12162 229 31 | | CD 12162 229 32 | | CD 12162 229 33 | | CD 12162 229 34 | | CD 12162 229 35 + + CC 12162 229 36 -------------------------------+ -------------------------------+ NN 12162 229 37 | | NNP 12162 229 38 | | NNP 12162 229 39 | | CD 12162 229 40 + + CC 12162 229 41 -------------------------+ -------------------------+ NNP 12162 229 42 | | NNP 12162 229 43 | | NNP 12162 229 44 | | CD 12162 229 45 + + CC 12162 229 46 -------------------+ -------------------+ NN 12162 229 47 | | NNP 12162 229 48 | | NNP 12162 229 49 | | CD 12162 229 50 + + CC 12162 229 51 -----------+ -----------+ NN 12162 229 52 | | NNP 12162 229 53 | | CD 12162 229 54 | | CD 12162 229 55 | | CD 12162 229 56 | | CD 12162 229 57 | | CD 12162 229 58 | | CD 12162 229 59 | | NNS 12162 229 60 ARIMANNI ARIMANNI NNP 12162 229 61 | | NNP 12162 229 62 | | NNP 12162 229 63 | | NNP 12162 229 64 | | CD 12162 229 65 MASNADA MASNADA NNP 12162 229 66 | | NNP 12162 229 67 | | NNP 12162 229 68 | | NNP 12162 229 69 ALDII ALDII NNP 12162 229 70 | | CD 12162 229 71 | | NNP 12162 229 72 SERFS SERFS NNP 12162 229 73 | | NNS 12162 229 74 SLAVES slave VBD 12162 229 75 The the DT 12162 229 76 above above JJ 12162 229 77 table table NN 12162 229 78 , , , 12162 229 79 while while IN 12162 229 80 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 229 81 divisions division NNS 12162 229 82 must must MD 12162 229 83 not not RB 12162 229 84 be be VB 12162 229 85 taken take VBN 12162 229 86 too too RB 12162 229 87 literally literally RB 12162 229 88 , , , 12162 229 89 will will MD 12162 229 90 , , , 12162 229 91 I -PRON- PRP 12162 229 92 think think VBP 12162 229 93 , , , 12162 229 94 give give VBP 12162 229 95 some some DT 12162 229 96 indication indication NN 12162 229 97 of of IN 12162 229 98 the the DT 12162 229 99 estimation estimation NN 12162 229 100 in in IN 12162 229 101 which which WDT 12162 229 102 the the DT 12162 229 103 various various JJ 12162 229 104 classes class NNS 12162 229 105 of of IN 12162 229 106 society society NN 12162 229 107 were be VBD 12162 229 108 held hold VBN 12162 229 109 . . . 12162 230 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 230 2 is be VBZ 12162 230 3 too too RB 12162 230 4 early early JJ 12162 230 5 yet yet RB 12162 230 6 in in IN 12162 230 7 the the DT 12162 230 8 development development NN 12162 230 9 of of IN 12162 230 10 the the DT 12162 230 11 feudal feudal JJ 12162 230 12 system system NN 12162 230 13 to to TO 12162 230 14 say say VB 12162 230 15 that that IN 12162 230 16 the the DT 12162 230 17 derivation derivation NN 12162 230 18 lines line NNS 12162 230 19 show show VBP 12162 230 20 the the DT 12162 230 21 course course NN 12162 230 22 of of IN 12162 230 23 an an DT 12162 230 24 absolute absolute JJ 12162 230 25 feudal feudal JJ 12162 230 26 tenure tenure NN 12162 230 27 , , , 12162 230 28 and and CC 12162 230 29 they -PRON- PRP 12162 230 30 are be VBP 12162 230 31 not not RB 12162 230 32 meant mean VBN 12162 230 33 for for IN 12162 230 34 that that DT 12162 230 35 purpose purpose NN 12162 230 36 , , , 12162 230 37 but but CC 12162 230 38 simply simply RB 12162 230 39 to to TO 12162 230 40 indicate indicate VB 12162 230 41 the the DT 12162 230 42 succession succession NN 12162 230 43 of of IN 12162 230 44 the the DT 12162 230 45 inequalities inequality NNS 12162 230 46 of of IN 12162 230 47 rank rank NN 12162 230 48 . . . 12162 231 1 Turning turn VBG 12162 231 2 now now RB 12162 231 3 to to IN 12162 231 4 the the DT 12162 231 5 territorial territorial JJ 12162 231 6 divisions division NNS 12162 231 7 of of IN 12162 231 8 the the DT 12162 231 9 country country NN 12162 231 10 at at IN 12162 231 11 this this DT 12162 231 12 period period NN 12162 231 13 , , , 12162 231 14 we -PRON- PRP 12162 231 15 find find VBP 12162 231 16 them -PRON- PRP 12162 231 17 practically practically RB 12162 231 18 unchanged unchanged JJ 12162 231 19 . . . 12162 232 1 The the DT 12162 232 2 _ _ NNP 12162 232 3 civitas civitas NN 12162 232 4 _ _ NNP 12162 232 5 still still RB 12162 232 6 stands stand VBZ 12162 232 7 as as IN 12162 232 8 the the DT 12162 232 9 sectional sectional JJ 12162 232 10 unit unit NN 12162 232 11 ; ; : 12162 232 12 the the DT 12162 232 13 territory territory NN 12162 232 14 with with IN 12162 232 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 232 16 city city NN 12162 232 17 still still RB 12162 232 18 represents represent VBZ 12162 232 19 the the DT 12162 232 20 administrative administrative JJ 12162 232 21 division division NN 12162 232 22 of of IN 12162 232 23 the the DT 12162 232 24 state state NN 12162 232 25 . . . 12162 233 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 233 2 is be VBZ 12162 233 3 fundamental fundamental JJ 12162 233 4 to to IN 12162 233 5 a a DT 12162 233 6 correct correct JJ 12162 233 7 understanding understanding NN 12162 233 8 of of IN 12162 233 9 the the DT 12162 233 10 early early JJ 12162 233 11 development development NN 12162 233 12 of of IN 12162 233 13 communal communal JJ 12162 233 14 institutions institution NNS 12162 233 15 that that WDT 12162 233 16 we -PRON- PRP 12162 233 17 should should MD 12162 233 18 have have VB 12162 233 19 a a DT 12162 233 20 thorough thorough JJ 12162 233 21 knowledge knowledge NN 12162 233 22 of of IN 12162 233 23 the the DT 12162 233 24 meaning meaning NN 12162 233 25 of of IN 12162 233 26 this this DT 12162 233 27 term term NN 12162 233 28 _ _ NNP 12162 233 29 civitas civita NNS 12162 233 30 _ _ NNP 12162 233 31 ; ; : 12162 233 32 of of IN 12162 233 33 the the DT 12162 233 34 extent extent NN 12162 233 35 of of IN 12162 233 36 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 233 37 application application NN 12162 233 38 and and CC 12162 233 39 of of IN 12162 233 40 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 233 41 limitations limitation NNS 12162 233 42 . . . 12162 234 1 I -PRON- PRP 12162 234 2 used use VBD 12162 234 3 the the DT 12162 234 4 words word NNS 12162 234 5 " " `` 12162 234 6 territory territory NN 12162 234 7 with with IN 12162 234 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 234 9 city city NN 12162 234 10 " " '' 12162 234 11 in in IN 12162 234 12 defining define VBG 12162 234 13 the the DT 12162 234 14 administrative administrative JJ 12162 234 15 division division NN 12162 234 16 of of IN 12162 234 17 the the DT 12162 234 18 state state NN 12162 234 19 , , , 12162 234 20 and and CC 12162 234 21 perhaps perhaps RB 12162 234 22 this this DT 12162 234 23 term term NN 12162 234 24 describes describe VBZ 12162 234 25 the the DT 12162 234 26 _ _ NNP 12162 234 27 civitas civita NNS 12162 234 28 _ _ NNP 12162 234 29 better well RBR 12162 234 30 than than IN 12162 234 31 any any DT 12162 234 32 single single JJ 12162 234 33 word word NN 12162 234 34 would would MD 12162 234 35 do do VB 12162 234 36 . . . 12162 235 1 In in IN 12162 235 2 the the DT 12162 235 3 Roman roman JJ 12162 235 4 municipal municipal JJ 12162 235 5 system system NN 12162 235 6 we -PRON- PRP 12162 235 7 have have VBP 12162 235 8 the the DT 12162 235 9 city city NN 12162 235 10 with with IN 12162 235 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 235 12 surrounding surround VBG 12162 235 13 territory territory NN 12162 235 14 , , , 12162 235 15 over over IN 12162 235 16 which which WDT 12162 235 17 extends extend VBZ 12162 235 18 the the DT 12162 235 19 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 235 20 of of IN 12162 235 21 the the DT 12162 235 22 _ _ NNP 12162 235 23 curia curia NNP 12162 235 24 _ _ NNP 12162 235 25 ; ; : 12162 235 26 in in IN 12162 235 27 the the DT 12162 235 28 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 235 29 system system NN 12162 235 30 we -PRON- PRP 12162 235 31 have have VBP 12162 235 32 the the DT 12162 235 33 territory territory NN 12162 235 34 , , , 12162 235 35 the the DT 12162 235 36 land land NN 12162 235 37 , , , 12162 235 38 in in IN 12162 235 39 some some DT 12162 235 40 part part NN 12162 235 41 of of IN 12162 235 42 which which WDT 12162 235 43 is be VBZ 12162 235 44 located locate VBN 12162 235 45 a a DT 12162 235 46 city city NN 12162 235 47 , , , 12162 235 48 a a DT 12162 235 49 fortified fortified JJ 12162 235 50 place place NN 12162 235 51 . . . 12162 236 1 This this DT 12162 236 2 is be VBZ 12162 236 3 to to IN 12162 236 4 my -PRON- PRP$ 12162 236 5 mind mind NN 12162 236 6 the the DT 12162 236 7 important important JJ 12162 236 8 point point NN 12162 236 9 which which WDT 12162 236 10 settles settle VBZ 12162 236 11 satisfactorily satisfactorily RB 12162 236 12 the the DT 12162 236 13 vexed vexed JJ 12162 236 14 question question NN 12162 236 15 of of IN 12162 236 16 the the DT 12162 236 17 dominance dominance NN 12162 236 18 or or CC 12162 236 19 the the DT 12162 236 20 disappearance disappearance NN 12162 236 21 of of IN 12162 236 22 Roman roman JJ 12162 236 23 influences influence NNS 12162 236 24 . . . 12162 237 1 The the DT 12162 237 2 institutions institution NNS 12162 237 3 of of IN 12162 237 4 the the DT 12162 237 5 Lombards Lombards NNPS 12162 237 6 were be VBD 12162 237 7 similar similar JJ 12162 237 8 in in IN 12162 237 9 character character NN 12162 237 10 to to IN 12162 237 11 those those DT 12162 237 12 of of IN 12162 237 13 the the DT 12162 237 14 other other JJ 12162 237 15 Germanic germanic JJ 12162 237 16 races race NNS 12162 237 17 , , , 12162 237 18 and and CC 12162 237 19 the the DT 12162 237 20 continuance continuance NN 12162 237 21 of of IN 12162 237 22 any any DT 12162 237 23 overruling overrule VBG 12162 237 24 municipal municipal JJ 12162 237 25 influence influence NN 12162 237 26 among among IN 12162 237 27 them -PRON- PRP 12162 237 28 would would MD 12162 237 29 have have VB 12162 237 30 done do VBN 12162 237 31 violence violence NN 12162 237 32 alike alike RB 12162 237 33 to to IN 12162 237 34 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 237 35 traditions tradition NNS 12162 237 36 and and CC 12162 237 37 to to IN 12162 237 38 the the DT 12162 237 39 nature nature NN 12162 237 40 of of IN 12162 237 41 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 237 42 race race NN 12162 237 43 . . . 12162 238 1 The the DT 12162 238 2 old old JJ 12162 238 3 municipal municipal JJ 12162 238 4 predominance predominance NN 12162 238 5 as as IN 12162 238 6 a a DT 12162 238 7 system system NN 12162 238 8 disappeared disappear VBD 12162 238 9 , , , 12162 238 10 the the DT 12162 238 11 old old JJ 12162 238 12 municipal municipal JJ 12162 238 13 divisions division NNS 12162 238 14 and and CC 12162 238 15 many many JJ 12162 238 16 of of IN 12162 238 17 the the DT 12162 238 18 minor minor JJ 12162 238 19 forms form NNS 12162 238 20 and and CC 12162 238 21 offices office NNS 12162 238 22 as as IN 12162 238 23 a a DT 12162 238 24 fact fact NN 12162 238 25 remained remain VBD 12162 238 26 . . . 12162 239 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 239 2 is be VBZ 12162 239 3 these these DT 12162 239 4 latter latter JJ 12162 239 5 which which WDT 12162 239 6 give give VBP 12162 239 7 some some DT 12162 239 8 color color NN 12162 239 9 to to IN 12162 239 10 the the DT 12162 239 11 arguments argument NNS 12162 239 12 of of IN 12162 239 13 writers writer NNS 12162 239 14 like like IN 12162 239 15 Savigny,[12 Savigny,[12 NNP 12162 239 16 ] ] -RRB- 12162 239 17 who who WP 12162 239 18 endeavor endeavor VBP 12162 239 19 to to TO 12162 239 20 maintain maintain VB 12162 239 21 the the DT 12162 239 22 continuance continuance NN 12162 239 23 of of IN 12162 239 24 the the DT 12162 239 25 old old JJ 12162 239 26 Roman roman JJ 12162 239 27 _ _ NNP 12162 239 28 curia curia NN 12162 239 29 _ _ NNP 12162 239 30 . . . 12162 240 1 They -PRON- PRP 12162 240 2 find find VBP 12162 240 3 evidence evidence NN 12162 240 4 of of IN 12162 240 5 the the DT 12162 240 6 continuance continuance NN 12162 240 7 of of IN 12162 240 8 old old JJ 12162 240 9 boundaries boundary NNS 12162 240 10 , , , 12162 240 11 of of IN 12162 240 12 many many JJ 12162 240 13 old old JJ 12162 240 14 names name NNS 12162 240 15 and and CC 12162 240 16 many many JJ 12162 240 17 old old JJ 12162 240 18 executive executive JJ 12162 240 19 functions function NNS 12162 240 20 , , , 12162 240 21 and and CC 12162 240 22 fail fail VB 12162 240 23 to to TO 12162 240 24 appreciate appreciate VB 12162 240 25 that that IN 12162 240 26 the the DT 12162 240 27 principle principle NN 12162 240 28 which which WDT 12162 240 29 lay lie VBD 12162 240 30 back back RB 12162 240 31 of of IN 12162 240 32 and and CC 12162 240 33 was be VBD 12162 240 34 making make VBG 12162 240 35 use use NN 12162 240 36 of of IN 12162 240 37 these these DT 12162 240 38 old old JJ 12162 240 39 forms form NNS 12162 240 40 as as IN 12162 240 41 convenient convenient JJ 12162 240 42 channels channel NNS 12162 240 43 for for IN 12162 240 44 the the DT 12162 240 45 expression expression NN 12162 240 46 of of IN 12162 240 47 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 240 48 power power NN 12162 240 49 and and CC 12162 240 50 of of IN 12162 240 51 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 240 52 control control NN 12162 240 53 , , , 12162 240 54 was be VBD 12162 240 55 an an DT 12162 240 56 entirely entirely RB 12162 240 57 new new JJ 12162 240 58 one one CD 12162 240 59 , , , 12162 240 60 based base VBN 12162 240 61 on on IN 12162 240 62 ideas idea NNS 12162 240 63 fundamentally fundamentally RB 12162 240 64 opposed opposed JJ 12162 240 65 to to IN 12162 240 66 those those DT 12162 240 67 of of IN 12162 240 68 the the DT 12162 240 69 civilization civilization NN 12162 240 70 it -PRON- PRP 12162 240 71 had have VBD 12162 240 72 conquered conquer VBN 12162 240 73 . . . 12162 241 1 This this DT 12162 241 2 slight slight JJ 12162 241 3 warning warning NN 12162 241 4 is be VBZ 12162 241 5 necessary necessary JJ 12162 241 6 so so IN 12162 241 7 as as IN 12162 241 8 to to TO 12162 241 9 avoid avoid VB 12162 241 10 any any DT 12162 241 11 error error NN 12162 241 12 in in IN 12162 241 13 the the DT 12162 241 14 conception conception NN 12162 241 15 of of IN 12162 241 16 the the DT 12162 241 17 significance significance NN 12162 241 18 to to TO 12162 241 19 be be VB 12162 241 20 attached attach VBN 12162 241 21 to to IN 12162 241 22 the the DT 12162 241 23 geographical geographical JJ 12162 241 24 limits limit NNS 12162 241 25 of of IN 12162 241 26 the the DT 12162 241 27 divisions division NNS 12162 241 28 of of IN 12162 241 29 territory territory NN 12162 241 30 we -PRON- PRP 12162 241 31 are be VBP 12162 241 32 considering consider VBG 12162 241 33 . . . 12162 242 1 The the DT 12162 242 2 word word NN 12162 242 3 _ _ NNP 12162 242 4 civitas civita NNS 12162 242 5 _ _ NNP 12162 242 6 has have VBZ 12162 242 7 the the DT 12162 242 8 same same JJ 12162 242 9 signification signification NN 12162 242 10 as as IN 12162 242 11 _ _ NNP 12162 242 12 comitatus comitatus NN 12162 242 13 _ _ NNP 12162 242 14 , , , 12162 242 15 when when WRB 12162 242 16 that that DT 12162 242 17 word word NN 12162 242 18 was be VBD 12162 242 19 used use VBN 12162 242 20 with with IN 12162 242 21 the the DT 12162 242 22 meaning meaning NN 12162 242 23 of of IN 12162 242 24 a a DT 12162 242 25 territorial territorial JJ 12162 242 26 division division NN 12162 242 27 ; ; , 12162 242 28 and and CC 12162 242 29 included include VBD 12162 242 30 all all PDT 12162 242 31 the the DT 12162 242 32 territory territory NN 12162 242 33 , , , 12162 242 34 with with IN 12162 242 35 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 242 36 lands land NNS 12162 242 37 , , , 12162 242 38 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 242 39 villages village NNS 12162 242 40 , , , 12162 242 41 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 242 42 fortified fortified JJ 12162 242 43 places place NNS 12162 242 44 and and CC 12162 242 45 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 242 46 city city NN 12162 242 47 , , , 12162 242 48 which which WDT 12162 242 49 came come VBD 12162 242 50 under under IN 12162 242 51 the the DT 12162 242 52 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 242 53 of of IN 12162 242 54 a a DT 12162 242 55 _ _ NNP 12162 242 56 dux dux NN 12162 242 57 _ _ NNP 12162 242 58 or or CC 12162 242 59 _ _ NNP 12162 242 60 judex judex NNP 12162 242 61 _ _ NNP 12162 242 62 , , , 12162 242 63 or or CC 12162 242 64 in in IN 12162 242 65 Frankish frankish JJ 12162 242 66 times time NNS 12162 242 67 of of IN 12162 242 68 a a DT 12162 242 69 count count NN 12162 242 70 , , , 12162 242 71 when when WRB 12162 242 72 we -PRON- PRP 12162 242 73 are be VBP 12162 242 74 strictly strictly RB 12162 242 75 justified justify VBN 12162 242 76 in in IN 12162 242 77 giving give VBG 12162 242 78 it -PRON- PRP 12162 242 79 the the DT 12162 242 80 more more RBR 12162 242 81 familiar familiar JJ 12162 242 82 name name NN 12162 242 83 of of IN 12162 242 84 _ _ NNP 12162 242 85 county county NN 12162 242 86 _ _ NNP 12162 242 87 . . . 12162 243 1 From from IN 12162 243 2 this this DT 12162 243 3 we -PRON- PRP 12162 243 4 trace trace VBP 12162 243 5 the the DT 12162 243 6 Italian italian JJ 12162 243 7 word word NN 12162 243 8 _ _ NNP 12162 243 9 contado contado NN 12162 243 10 _ _ NNP 12162 243 11 , , , 12162 243 12 by by IN 12162 243 13 the the DT 12162 243 14 steps step NNS 12162 243 15 _ _ NNP 12162 243 16 comitatu comitatu NN 12162 243 17 , , , 12162 243 18 comitato comitato NNP 12162 243 19 , , , 12162 243 20 contato contato NNP 12162 243 21 , , , 12162 243 22 contado contado NNP 12162 243 23 _ _ NNP 12162 243 24 . . . 12162 244 1 The the DT 12162 244 2 land land NN 12162 244 3 division division NN 12162 244 4 here here RB 12162 244 5 indicated indicate VBD 12162 244 6 is be VBZ 12162 244 7 indifferently indifferently RB 12162 244 8 called call VBN 12162 244 9 in in IN 12162 244 10 the the DT 12162 244 11 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 244 12 records record NNS 12162 244 13 _ _ NNP 12162 244 14 territorium territorium NN 12162 244 15 , , , 12162 244 16 fines fine NNS 12162 244 17 , , , 12162 244 18 civitas civitas NNP 12162 244 19 _ _ NNP 12162 244 20 , , , 12162 244 21 or or CC 12162 244 22 _ _ NNP 12162 244 23 judiciaria judiciaria NNP 12162 244 24 _ _ NNP 12162 244 25 . . . 12162 245 1 The the DT 12162 245 2 identity identity NN 12162 245 3 of of IN 12162 245 4 all all PDT 12162 245 5 these these DT 12162 245 6 terms term NNS 12162 245 7 admits admit NNS 12162 245 8 of of IN 12162 245 9 easy easy JJ 12162 245 10 proof proof NN 12162 245 11 from from IN 12162 245 12 all all PDT 12162 245 13 the the DT 12162 245 14 documents document NNS 12162 245 15 , , , 12162 245 16 public public JJ 12162 245 17 and and CC 12162 245 18 private private JJ 12162 245 19 ; ; : 12162 245 20 and and CC 12162 245 21 numberless numberless JJ 12162 245 22 instances instance NNS 12162 245 23 could could MD 12162 245 24 be be VB 12162 245 25 cited cite VBN 12162 245 26 showing show VBG 12162 245 27 an an DT 12162 245 28 interchange interchange NN 12162 245 29 of of IN 12162 245 30 terms term NNS 12162 245 31 in in IN 12162 245 32 describing describe VBG 12162 245 33 the the DT 12162 245 34 same same JJ 12162 245 35 locality locality NN 12162 245 36 . . . 12162 246 1 I -PRON- PRP 12162 246 2 will will MD 12162 246 3 mention mention VB 12162 246 4 in in IN 12162 246 5 illustration illustration NN 12162 246 6 of of IN 12162 246 7 this this DT 12162 246 8 fact fact NN 12162 246 9 the the DT 12162 246 10 rather rather RB 12162 246 11 neat neat JJ 12162 246 12 example example NN 12162 246 13 of of IN 12162 246 14 a a DT 12162 246 15 document document NN 12162 246 16 of of IN 12162 246 17 the the DT 12162 246 18 year year NN 12162 246 19 762 762 CD 12162 246 20 , , , 12162 246 21 published publish VBN 12162 246 22 by by IN 12162 246 23 Brunetti[13 Brunetti[13 NNS 12162 246 24 ] ] -RRB- 12162 246 25 in in IN 12162 246 26 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 246 27 Codice Codice NNP 12162 246 28 Diplomatico Diplomatico NNP 12162 246 29 Toscano Toscano NNP 12162 246 30 , , , 12162 246 31 in in IN 12162 246 32 which which WDT 12162 246 33 three three CD 12162 246 34 of of IN 12162 246 35 these these DT 12162 246 36 terms term NNS 12162 246 37 are be VBP 12162 246 38 used use VBN 12162 246 39 interchangeably interchangeably RB 12162 246 40 in in IN 12162 246 41 the the DT 12162 246 42 space space NN 12162 246 43 of of IN 12162 246 44 a a DT 12162 246 45 few few JJ 12162 246 46 lines line NNS 12162 246 47 . . . 12162 247 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 247 2 is be VBZ 12162 247 3 a a DT 12162 247 4 contract contract NN 12162 247 5 by by IN 12162 247 6 which which WDT 12162 247 7 a a DT 12162 247 8 certain certain JJ 12162 247 9 Arnifrid Arnifrid NNP 12162 247 10 , , , 12162 247 11 an an DT 12162 247 12 inhabitant inhabitant NN 12162 247 13 of of IN 12162 247 14 Clusium Clusium NNP 12162 247 15 -- -- : 12162 247 16 the the DT 12162 247 17 modern modern JJ 12162 247 18 Chiusi Chiusi NNP 12162 247 19 -- -- : 12162 247 20 who who WP 12162 247 21 " " `` 12162 247 22 in in IN 12162 247 23 clusino clusino NNP 12162 247 24 territorio territorio NNP 12162 247 25 ... ... : 12162 247 26 natus natus NNP 12162 247 27 fuit fuit NN 12162 247 28 , , , 12162 247 29 " " '' 12162 247 30 pledges pledge VBZ 12162 247 31 himself -PRON- PRP 12162 247 32 to to TO 12162 247 33 live live VB 12162 247 34 on on IN 12162 247 35 a a DT 12162 247 36 certain certain JJ 12162 247 37 property property NN 12162 247 38 , , , 12162 247 39 and and CC 12162 247 40 says say VBZ 12162 247 41 " " `` 12162 247 42 nullam nullam NNP 12162 247 43 conbersationem conbersationem NNP 12162 247 44 facias facias NNP 12162 247 45 nec nec NNP 12162 247 46 in in IN 12162 247 47 clusio clusio NNP 12162 247 48 nec nec NNP 12162 247 49 in in IN 12162 247 50 alia alia NNP 12162 247 51 civitate civitate JJ 12162 247 52 habitandum habitandum NNP 12162 247 53 , , , 12162 247 54 nisi nisi NNP 12162 247 55 .... .... . 12162 247 56 & & CC 12162 247 57 c. c. NNP 12162 247 58 , , , 12162 247 59 " " '' 12162 247 60 and and CC 12162 247 61 promises promise VBZ 12162 247 62 to to TO 12162 247 63 pay pay VB 12162 247 64 fifty fifty CD 12162 247 65 _ _ NNP 12162 247 66 solidi solidi NN 12162 247 67 _ _ NNP 12162 247 68 if if IN 12162 247 69 " " `` 12162 247 70 pro pro JJ 12162 247 71 eo eo NNP 12162 247 72 quod quod NN 12162 247 73 ipsa ipsa NNP 12162 247 74 pecunia pecunia NNP 12162 247 75 demittere demittere NNP 12162 247 76 presumbsero presumbsero NNP 12162 247 77 aut aut NNP 12162 247 78 de de NNP 12162 247 79 judiciaria judiciaria NNP 12162 247 80 vestra vestra NNP 12162 247 81 suaninse suaninse NNP 12162 247 82 exire exire NNP 12162 247 83 voluero voluero NNS 12162 247 84 . . . 12162 247 85 " " '' 12162 248 1 The the DT 12162 248 2 contract contract NN 12162 248 3 is be VBZ 12162 248 4 " " `` 12162 248 5 Actum Actum NNP 12162 248 6 in in IN 12162 248 7 civitate civitate JJ 12162 248 8 suana suana NN 12162 248 9 . . . 12162 248 10 " " '' 12162 249 1 We -PRON- PRP 12162 249 2 here here RB 12162 249 3 see see VBP 12162 249 4 the the DT 12162 249 5 words word NNS 12162 249 6 _ _ NNP 12162 249 7 territorium territorium NN 12162 249 8 _ _ NNP 12162 249 9 and and CC 12162 249 10 _ _ NNP 12162 249 11 civitas civita NNS 12162 249 12 _ _ NNP 12162 249 13 both both DT 12162 249 14 applied apply VBD 12162 249 15 to to IN 12162 249 16 the the DT 12162 249 17 territory territory NN 12162 249 18 of of IN 12162 249 19 Chiusi Chiusi NNP 12162 249 20 , , , 12162 249 21 and and CC 12162 249 22 the the DT 12162 249 23 words word NNS 12162 249 24 _ _ NNP 12162 249 25 judiciaria judiciaria NNP 12162 249 26 _ _ NNP 12162 249 27 and and CC 12162 249 28 _ _ NNP 12162 249 29 civitas civita NNS 12162 249 30 _ _ NNP 12162 249 31 both both DT 12162 249 32 applied apply VBD 12162 249 33 to to IN 12162 249 34 the the DT 12162 249 35 territory territory NN 12162 249 36 of of IN 12162 249 37 Siena Siena NNP 12162 249 38 , , , 12162 249 39 and and CC 12162 249 40 we -PRON- PRP 12162 249 41 only only RB 12162 249 42 need need VBP 12162 249 43 to to TO 12162 249 44 remember remember VB 12162 249 45 that that IN 12162 249 46 things thing NNS 12162 249 47 which which WDT 12162 249 48 are be VBP 12162 249 49 equal equal JJ 12162 249 50 to to IN 12162 249 51 the the DT 12162 249 52 same same JJ 12162 249 53 thing thing NN 12162 249 54 are be VBP 12162 249 55 equal equal JJ 12162 249 56 to to IN 12162 249 57 each each DT 12162 249 58 other other JJ 12162 249 59 , , , 12162 249 60 to to TO 12162 249 61 recognize recognize VB 12162 249 62 the the DT 12162 249 63 identity identity NN 12162 249 64 of of IN 12162 249 65 the the DT 12162 249 66 terms term NNS 12162 249 67 . . . 12162 250 1 If if IN 12162 250 2 we -PRON- PRP 12162 250 3 look look VBP 12162 250 4 at at IN 12162 250 5 document document NN 12162 250 6 number number NN 12162 250 7 eight eight CD 12162 250 8 in in IN 12162 250 9 the the DT 12162 250 10 same same JJ 12162 250 11 collection,[14 collection,[14 CD 12162 250 12 ] ] -RRB- 12162 250 13 we -PRON- PRP 12162 250 14 will will MD 12162 250 15 further further RB 12162 250 16 see see VB 12162 250 17 the the DT 12162 250 18 territory territory NN 12162 250 19 of of IN 12162 250 20 Chiusi Chiusi NNP 12162 250 21 referred refer VBD 12162 250 22 to to IN 12162 250 23 as as IN 12162 250 24 " " `` 12162 250 25 fines fine NNS 12162 250 26 clusinas clusinas NNP 12162 250 27 . . . 12162 250 28 " " '' 12162 251 1 Hand hand NN 12162 251 2 - - HYPH 12162 251 3 in in IN 12162 251 4 - - HYPH 12162 251 5 hand hand NN 12162 251 6 with with IN 12162 251 7 the the DT 12162 251 8 growth growth NN 12162 251 9 of of IN 12162 251 10 episcopal episcopal JJ 12162 251 11 organization organization NN 12162 251 12 we -PRON- PRP 12162 251 13 see see VBP 12162 251 14 another another DT 12162 251 15 term term NN 12162 251 16 coming come VBG 12162 251 17 into into IN 12162 251 18 use use NN 12162 251 19 in in IN 12162 251 20 connection connection NN 12162 251 21 with with IN 12162 251 22 the the DT 12162 251 23 same same JJ 12162 251 24 land land NN 12162 251 25 division division NN 12162 251 26 , , , 12162 251 27 and and CC 12162 251 28 this this DT 12162 251 29 also also RB 12162 251 30 is be VBZ 12162 251 31 an an DT 12162 251 32 administrative administrative JJ 12162 251 33 one one NN 12162 251 34 , , , 12162 251 35 but but CC 12162 251 36 of of IN 12162 251 37 the the DT 12162 251 38 church church NN 12162 251 39 simply simply RB 12162 251 40 , , , 12162 251 41 and and CC 12162 251 42 only only RB 12162 251 43 made make VBN 12162 251 44 use use NN 12162 251 45 of of IN 12162 251 46 by by IN 12162 251 47 conversion conversion NN 12162 251 48 or or CC 12162 251 49 carelessly carelessly RB 12162 251 50 when when WRB 12162 251 51 applied apply VBN 12162 251 52 to to IN 12162 251 53 a a DT 12162 251 54 civil civil JJ 12162 251 55 area area NN 12162 251 56 . . . 12162 252 1 I -PRON- PRP 12162 252 2 mean mean VBP 12162 252 3 the the DT 12162 252 4 _ _ NNP 12162 252 5 districtus districtus NN 12162 252 6 _ _ NNP 12162 252 7 , , , 12162 252 8 which which WDT 12162 252 9 term term NN 12162 252 10 is be VBZ 12162 252 11 properly properly RB 12162 252 12 applicable applicable JJ 12162 252 13 only only RB 12162 252 14 to to IN 12162 252 15 the the DT 12162 252 16 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 252 17 of of IN 12162 252 18 a a DT 12162 252 19 bishop bishop NN 12162 252 20 , , , 12162 252 21 and and CC 12162 252 22 designates designate VBZ 12162 252 23 the the DT 12162 252 24 limits limit NNS 12162 252 25 of of IN 12162 252 26 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 252 27 episcopal episcopal JJ 12162 252 28 power power NN 12162 252 29 , , , 12162 252 30 that that RB 12162 252 31 is is RB 12162 252 32 , , , 12162 252 33 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 252 34 diocese diocese NN 12162 252 35 . . . 12162 253 1 The the DT 12162 253 2 reasons reason NNS 12162 253 3 for for IN 12162 253 4 this this DT 12162 253 5 term term NN 12162 253 6 being be VBG 12162 253 7 used use VBN 12162 253 8 in in IN 12162 253 9 later later JJ 12162 253 10 times time NNS 12162 253 11 occasionally occasionally RB 12162 253 12 for for IN 12162 253 13 the the DT 12162 253 14 civil civil JJ 12162 253 15 division division NN 12162 253 16 , , , 12162 253 17 the the DT 12162 253 18 _ _ NNP 12162 253 19 civitas civita NNS 12162 253 20 _ _ NNP 12162 253 21 , , , 12162 253 22 are be VBP 12162 253 23 twofold twofold JJ 12162 253 24 . . . 12162 254 1 They -PRON- PRP 12162 254 2 result result VBP 12162 254 3 , , , 12162 254 4 firstly firstly RB 12162 254 5 , , , 12162 254 6 from from IN 12162 254 7 the the DT 12162 254 8 confusion confusion NN 12162 254 9 which which WDT 12162 254 10 arose arise VBD 12162 254 11 between between IN 12162 254 12 matters matter NNS 12162 254 13 of of IN 12162 254 14 civil civil JJ 12162 254 15 and and CC 12162 254 16 ecclesiastical ecclesiastical JJ 12162 254 17 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 254 18 , , , 12162 254 19 when when WRB 12162 254 20 political political JJ 12162 254 21 power power NN 12162 254 22 was be VBD 12162 254 23 given give VBN 12162 254 24 to to IN 12162 254 25 a a DT 12162 254 26 large large JJ 12162 254 27 number number NN 12162 254 28 of of IN 12162 254 29 the the DT 12162 254 30 bishops bishop NNS 12162 254 31 , , , 12162 254 32 and and CC 12162 254 33 when when WRB 12162 254 34 they -PRON- PRP 12162 254 35 united unite VBD 12162 254 36 to to IN 12162 254 37 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 254 38 religious religious JJ 12162 254 39 duties duty NNS 12162 254 40 as as IN 12162 254 41 pastor pastor NN 12162 254 42 , , , 12162 254 43 the the DT 12162 254 44 judicial judicial JJ 12162 254 45 and and CC 12162 254 46 sometimes sometimes RB 12162 254 47 even even RB 12162 254 48 some some DT 12162 254 49 of of IN 12162 254 50 the the DT 12162 254 51 military military JJ 12162 254 52 duties duty NNS 12162 254 53 of of IN 12162 254 54 _ _ NNP 12162 254 55 comes come VBZ 12162 254 56 _ _ NNP 12162 254 57 and and CC 12162 254 58 _ _ NNP 12162 254 59 judex judex NNP 12162 254 60 _ _ NNP 12162 254 61 . . . 12162 255 1 And and CC 12162 255 2 secondly secondly RB 12162 255 3 , , , 12162 255 4 in in IN 12162 255 5 the the DT 12162 255 6 important important JJ 12162 255 7 fact fact NN 12162 255 8 that that IN 12162 255 9 in in IN 12162 255 10 almost almost RB 12162 255 11 all all DT 12162 255 12 cases case NNS 12162 255 13 the the DT 12162 255 14 boundaries boundary NNS 12162 255 15 of of IN 12162 255 16 a a DT 12162 255 17 bishop bishop NN 12162 255 18 's 's POS 12162 255 19 diocese diocese NN 12162 255 20 coincided coincide VBD 12162 255 21 more more RBR 12162 255 22 or or CC 12162 255 23 less less RBR 12162 255 24 exactly exactly RB 12162 255 25 with with IN 12162 255 26 the the DT 12162 255 27 limits limit NNS 12162 255 28 of of IN 12162 255 29 the the DT 12162 255 30 authority authority NN 12162 255 31 of of IN 12162 255 32 the the DT 12162 255 33 state state NN 12162 255 34 officers officer NNS 12162 255 35 ; ; : 12162 255 36 so so IN 12162 255 37 that that IN 12162 255 38 the the DT 12162 255 39 division division NN 12162 255 40 which which WDT 12162 255 41 should should MD 12162 255 42 be be VB 12162 255 43 called call VBN 12162 255 44 a a DT 12162 255 45 _ _ NNP 12162 255 46 civitas civitas NN 12162 255 47 _ _ NNP 12162 255 48 or or CC 12162 255 49 _ _ NNP 12162 255 50 territorium territorium NN 12162 255 51 _ _ NNP 12162 255 52 from from IN 12162 255 53 the the DT 12162 255 54 point point NN 12162 255 55 of of IN 12162 255 56 view view NN 12162 255 57 of of IN 12162 255 58 civil civil JJ 12162 255 59 government government NN 12162 255 60 , , , 12162 255 61 should should MD 12162 255 62 be be VB 12162 255 63 called call VBN 12162 255 64 a a DT 12162 255 65 _ _ NNP 12162 255 66 districtus districtus NN 12162 255 67 _ _ NNP 12162 255 68 from from IN 12162 255 69 that that DT 12162 255 70 of of IN 12162 255 71 ecclesiastical ecclesiastical JJ 12162 255 72 government government NN 12162 255 73 . . . 12162 256 1 Where where WRB 12162 256 2 we -PRON- PRP 12162 256 3 find find VBP 12162 256 4 at at IN 12162 256 5 once once RB 12162 256 6 the the DT 12162 256 7 most most RBS 12162 256 8 important important JJ 12162 256 9 and and CC 12162 256 10 , , , 12162 256 11 if if IN 12162 256 12 not not RB 12162 256 13 rightly rightly RB 12162 256 14 understood understand VBN 12162 256 15 , , , 12162 256 16 the the DT 12162 256 17 most most RBS 12162 256 18 perplexing perplexing JJ 12162 256 19 traces trace NNS 12162 256 20 of of IN 12162 256 21 the the DT 12162 256 22 survival survival NN 12162 256 23 of of IN 12162 256 24 the the DT 12162 256 25 old old JJ 12162 256 26 Roman roman JJ 12162 256 27 municipal municipal JJ 12162 256 28 system system NN 12162 256 29 , , , 12162 256 30 is be VBZ 12162 256 31 in in IN 12162 256 32 this this DT 12162 256 33 matter matter NN 12162 256 34 of of IN 12162 256 35 territorial territorial JJ 12162 256 36 boundaries boundary NNS 12162 256 37 . . . 12162 257 1 According accord VBG 12162 257 2 to to IN 12162 257 3 the the DT 12162 257 4 Roman roman JJ 12162 257 5 system system NN 12162 257 6 , , , 12162 257 7 as as IN 12162 257 8 we -PRON- PRP 12162 257 9 have have VBP 12162 257 10 seen see VBN 12162 257 11 , , , 12162 257 12 the the DT 12162 257 13 city city NN 12162 257 14 was be VBD 12162 257 15 the the DT 12162 257 16 important important JJ 12162 257 17 administrative administrative JJ 12162 257 18 unit unit NN 12162 257 19 , , , 12162 257 20 and and CC 12162 257 21 each each DT 12162 257 22 city city NN 12162 257 23 was be VBD 12162 257 24 surrounded surround VBN 12162 257 25 by by IN 12162 257 26 a a DT 12162 257 27 belt belt NN 12162 257 28 of of IN 12162 257 29 rural rural JJ 12162 257 30 lands land NNS 12162 257 31 , , , 12162 257 32 more more RBR 12162 257 33 or or CC 12162 257 34 less less RBR 12162 257 35 large large JJ 12162 257 36 according accord VBG 12162 257 37 to to IN 12162 257 38 the the DT 12162 257 39 size size NN 12162 257 40 and and CC 12162 257 41 importance importance NN 12162 257 42 of of IN 12162 257 43 the the DT 12162 257 44 city city NN 12162 257 45 itself -PRON- PRP 12162 257 46 . . . 12162 258 1 This this DT 12162 258 2 of of IN 12162 258 3 course course NN 12162 258 4 resulted result VBD 12162 258 5 in in IN 12162 258 6 a a DT 12162 258 7 division division NN 12162 258 8 of of IN 12162 258 9 the the DT 12162 258 10 whole whole JJ 12162 258 11 country country NN 12162 258 12 into into IN 12162 258 13 a a DT 12162 258 14 number number NN 12162 258 15 of of IN 12162 258 16 districts district NNS 12162 258 17 whose whose WP$ 12162 258 18 boundaries boundary NNS 12162 258 19 were be VBD 12162 258 20 definitely definitely RB 12162 258 21 marked mark VBN 12162 258 22 , , , 12162 258 23 perhaps perhaps RB 12162 258 24 even even RB 12162 258 25 jealously jealously RB 12162 258 26 guarded guard VBN 12162 258 27 . . . 12162 259 1 Now now RB 12162 259 2 , , , 12162 259 3 when when WRB 12162 259 4 the the DT 12162 259 5 Lombards Lombards NNP 12162 259 6 took take VBD 12162 259 7 possession possession NN 12162 259 8 of of IN 12162 259 9 the the DT 12162 259 10 country country NN 12162 259 11 , , , 12162 259 12 while while IN 12162 259 13 they -PRON- PRP 12162 259 14 rejected reject VBD 12162 259 15 the the DT 12162 259 16 principle principle NN 12162 259 17 of of IN 12162 259 18 the the DT 12162 259 19 municipal municipal JJ 12162 259 20 unit unit NN 12162 259 21 , , , 12162 259 22 as as IN 12162 259 23 foreign foreign JJ 12162 259 24 to to IN 12162 259 25 the the DT 12162 259 26 character character NN 12162 259 27 and and CC 12162 259 28 instincts instinct NNS 12162 259 29 of of IN 12162 259 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 259 31 race race NN 12162 259 32 , , , 12162 259 33 they -PRON- PRP 12162 259 34 could could MD 12162 259 35 not not RB 12162 259 36 fail fail VB 12162 259 37 to to TO 12162 259 38 see see VB 12162 259 39 the the DT 12162 259 40 practical practical JJ 12162 259 41 utility utility NN 12162 259 42 of of IN 12162 259 43 using use VBG 12162 259 44 , , , 12162 259 45 and and CC 12162 259 46 the the DT 12162 259 47 actual actual JJ 12162 259 48 difficulty difficulty NN 12162 259 49 of of IN 12162 259 50 overthrowing overthrowing NNP 12162 259 51 , , , 12162 259 52 a a DT 12162 259 53 system system NN 12162 259 54 of of IN 12162 259 55 land land NN 12162 259 56 division division NN 12162 259 57 which which WDT 12162 259 58 custom custom NN 12162 259 59 and and CC 12162 259 60 authority authority NN 12162 259 61 had have VBD 12162 259 62 united unite VBN 12162 259 63 in in IN 12162 259 64 rendering render VBG 12162 259 65 alike alike RB 12162 259 66 definite definite JJ 12162 259 67 and and CC 12162 259 68 convenient convenient JJ 12162 259 69 . . . 12162 260 1 What what WP 12162 260 2 was be VBD 12162 260 3 the the DT 12162 260 4 result result NN 12162 260 5 ? ? . 12162 261 1 They -PRON- PRP 12162 261 2 made make VBD 12162 261 3 use use NN 12162 261 4 of of IN 12162 261 5 the the DT 12162 261 6 old old JJ 12162 261 7 boundary boundary JJ 12162 261 8 lines line NNS 12162 261 9 , , , 12162 261 10 leaving leave VBG 12162 261 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 261 12 limits limit NNS 12162 261 13 , , , 12162 261 14 as as RB 12162 261 15 far far RB 12162 261 16 as as IN 12162 261 17 we -PRON- PRP 12162 261 18 can can MD 12162 261 19 judge judge VB 12162 261 20 , , , 12162 261 21 untouched untouched JJ 12162 261 22 , , , 12162 261 23 and and CC 12162 261 24 substituted substitute VBN 12162 261 25 as as IN 12162 261 26 the the DT 12162 261 27 fundamental fundamental JJ 12162 261 28 principle principle NN 12162 261 29 of of IN 12162 261 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 261 31 administration administration NN 12162 261 32 , , , 12162 261 33 in in IN 12162 261 34 place place NN 12162 261 35 of of IN 12162 261 36 the the DT 12162 261 37 Roman roman JJ 12162 261 38 idea idea NN 12162 261 39 of of IN 12162 261 40 the the DT 12162 261 41 _ _ NNP 12162 261 42 municipium municipium NN 12162 261 43 _ _ NNP 12162 261 44 , , , 12162 261 45 the the DT 12162 261 46 thoroughly thoroughly RB 12162 261 47 Teutonic teutonic JJ 12162 261 48 idea idea NN 12162 261 49 of of IN 12162 261 50 the the DT 12162 261 51 _ _ NNP 12162 261 52 civitas civita NNS 12162 261 53 _ _ NNP 12162 261 54 or or CC 12162 261 55 country country NN 12162 261 56 district district NN 12162 261 57 . . . 12162 262 1 Coincident coincident NN 12162 262 2 with with IN 12162 262 3 these these DT 12162 262 4 time time NN 12162 262 5 - - HYPH 12162 262 6 honored honor VBN 12162 262 7 boundaries boundary NNS 12162 262 8 which which WDT 12162 262 9 served serve VBD 12162 262 10 to to TO 12162 262 11 mark mark VB 12162 262 12 the the DT 12162 262 13 limits limit NNS 12162 262 14 of of IN 12162 262 15 the the DT 12162 262 16 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 262 17 of of IN 12162 262 18 the the DT 12162 262 19 duke duke NN 12162 262 20 and and CC 12162 262 21 the the DT 12162 262 22 _ _ NNP 12162 262 23 judex judex NN 12162 262 24 _ _ NNP 12162 262 25 , , , 12162 262 26 are be VBP 12162 262 27 to to TO 12162 262 28 be be VB 12162 262 29 found find VBN 12162 262 30 those those DT 12162 262 31 of of IN 12162 262 32 the the DT 12162 262 33 ecclesiastical ecclesiastical JJ 12162 262 34 power power NN 12162 262 35 , , , 12162 262 36 of of IN 12162 262 37 the the DT 12162 262 38 bishop bishop NN 12162 262 39 's 's POS 12162 262 40 diocese diocese NN 12162 262 41 . . . 12162 263 1 This this DT 12162 263 2 statement statement NN 12162 263 3 is be VBZ 12162 263 4 confirmed confirm VBN 12162 263 5 by by IN 12162 263 6 the the DT 12162 263 7 many many JJ 12162 263 8 charters charter NNS 12162 263 9 , , , 12162 263 10 immunities immunity NNS 12162 263 11 , , , 12162 263 12 etc etc FW 12162 263 13 . . NN 12162 263 14 , , , 12162 263 15 addressed address VBD 12162 263 16 to to IN 12162 263 17 the the DT 12162 263 18 episcopal episcopal JJ 12162 263 19 authorities authority NNS 12162 263 20 ; ; , 12162 263 21 and and CC 12162 263 22 direct direct JJ 12162 263 23 proof proof NN 12162 263 24 of of IN 12162 263 25 it -PRON- PRP 12162 263 26 may may MD 12162 263 27 be be VB 12162 263 28 had have VBN 12162 263 29 by by IN 12162 263 30 reference reference NN 12162 263 31 to to IN 12162 263 32 the the DT 12162 263 33 controversy controversy NN 12162 263 34 which which WDT 12162 263 35 arose arise VBD 12162 263 36 in in IN 12162 263 37 the the DT 12162 263 38 first first JJ 12162 263 39 half half NN 12162 263 40 of of IN 12162 263 41 the the DT 12162 263 42 eighth eighth JJ 12162 263 43 century century NN 12162 263 44 between between IN 12162 263 45 the the DT 12162 263 46 bishops bishop NNS 12162 263 47 of of IN 12162 263 48 Arezzo Arezzo NNP 12162 263 49 and and CC 12162 263 50 Siena Siena NNP 12162 263 51 , , , 12162 263 52 which which WDT 12162 263 53 dispute dispute NN 12162 263 54 was be VBD 12162 263 55 based base VBN 12162 263 56 on on IN 12162 263 57 the the DT 12162 263 58 fact fact NN 12162 263 59 that that IN 12162 263 60 for for IN 12162 263 61 reasons reason NNS 12162 263 62 definitely definitely RB 12162 263 63 stated state VBD 12162 263 64 these these DT 12162 263 65 two two CD 12162 263 66 dioceses diocese NNS 12162 263 67 formed form VBD 12162 263 68 an an DT 12162 263 69 exception exception NN 12162 263 70 to to IN 12162 263 71 the the DT 12162 263 72 general general JJ 12162 263 73 rule rule NN 12162 263 74 . . . 12162 264 1 The the DT 12162 264 2 strength strength NN 12162 264 3 of of IN 12162 264 4 the the DT 12162 264 5 proof proof NN 12162 264 6 lies lie VBZ 12162 264 7 in in IN 12162 264 8 this this DT 12162 264 9 exception exception NN 12162 264 10 , , , 12162 264 11 which which WDT 12162 264 12 had have VBD 12162 264 13 a a DT 12162 264 14 well well RB 12162 264 15 - - HYPH 12162 264 16 known know VBN 12162 264 17 cause cause NN 12162 264 18 for for IN 12162 264 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 264 20 origin origin NN 12162 264 21 . . . 12162 265 1 Some some DT 12162 265 2 of of IN 12162 265 3 the the DT 12162 265 4 documents[15 documents[15 NN 12162 265 5 ] ] -RRB- 12162 265 6 in in IN 12162 265 7 the the DT 12162 265 8 case case NN 12162 265 9 , , , 12162 265 10 of of IN 12162 265 11 the the DT 12162 265 12 year year NN 12162 265 13 715 715 CD 12162 265 14 , , , 12162 265 15 show show VBP 12162 265 16 that that IN 12162 265 17 the the DT 12162 265 18 bishop bishop NN 12162 265 19 of of IN 12162 265 20 Siena Siena NNP 12162 265 21 claimed claim VBD 12162 265 22 for for IN 12162 265 23 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 265 24 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 265 25 certain certain JJ 12162 265 26 churches church NNS 12162 265 27 which which WDT 12162 265 28 belonged belong VBD 12162 265 29 to to IN 12162 265 30 the the DT 12162 265 31 diocese diocese NN 12162 265 32 of of IN 12162 265 33 Arezzo Arezzo NNP 12162 265 34 , , , 12162 265 35 basing base VBG 12162 265 36 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 265 37 claim claim NN 12162 265 38 solely solely RB 12162 265 39 on on IN 12162 265 40 the the DT 12162 265 41 ground ground NN 12162 265 42 that that IN 12162 265 43 these these DT 12162 265 44 churches church NNS 12162 265 45 were be VBD 12162 265 46 situated situate VBN 12162 265 47 in in IN 12162 265 48 the the DT 12162 265 49 _ _ NNP 12162 265 50 territorium territorium NN 12162 265 51 _ _ NNP 12162 265 52 of of IN 12162 265 53 Siena Siena NNP 12162 265 54 . . . 12162 266 1 The the DT 12162 266 2 bishop bishop NN 12162 266 3 of of IN 12162 266 4 Arezzo Arezzo NNP 12162 266 5 , , , 12162 266 6 on on IN 12162 266 7 the the DT 12162 266 8 other other JJ 12162 266 9 hand hand NN 12162 266 10 , , , 12162 266 11 claims claim VBZ 12162 266 12 them -PRON- PRP 12162 266 13 as as IN 12162 266 14 part part NN 12162 266 15 of of IN 12162 266 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 266 17 diocese diocese NN 12162 266 18 , , , 12162 266 19 on on IN 12162 266 20 the the DT 12162 266 21 ground ground NN 12162 266 22 that that IN 12162 266 23 they -PRON- PRP 12162 266 24 had have VBD 12162 266 25 formed form VBN 12162 266 26 part part NN 12162 266 27 of of IN 12162 266 28 it -PRON- PRP 12162 266 29 ever ever RB 12162 266 30 since since IN 12162 266 31 the the DT 12162 266 32 beginning beginning NN 12162 266 33 of of IN 12162 266 34 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 266 35 rule rule NN 12162 266 36 in in IN 12162 266 37 Italy Italy NNP 12162 266 38 ; ; : 12162 266 39 and and CC 12162 266 40 -- -- : 12162 266 41 which which WDT 12162 266 42 is be VBZ 12162 266 43 the the DT 12162 266 44 part part NN 12162 266 45 of of IN 12162 266 46 importance importance NN 12162 266 47 to to IN 12162 266 48 us -PRON- PRP 12162 266 49 -- -- : 12162 266 50 gives give VBZ 12162 266 51 as as IN 12162 266 52 the the DT 12162 266 53 only only JJ 12162 266 54 reason reason NN 12162 266 55 for for IN 12162 266 56 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 266 57 having have VBG 12162 266 58 been be VBN 12162 266 59 attached attach VBN 12162 266 60 to to IN 12162 266 61 the the DT 12162 266 62 diocese diocese NN 12162 266 63 of of IN 12162 266 64 a a DT 12162 266 65 neighboring neighboring JJ 12162 266 66 _ _ NNP 12162 266 67 territorium territorium NN 12162 266 68 _ _ NNP 12162 266 69 , , , 12162 266 70 the the DT 12162 266 71 fact fact NN 12162 266 72 that that IN 12162 266 73 at at IN 12162 266 74 that that DT 12162 266 75 early early JJ 12162 266 76 date date NN 12162 266 77 there there EX 12162 266 78 was be VBD 12162 266 79 no no DT 12162 266 80 bishop bishop NN 12162 266 81 in in IN 12162 266 82 the the DT 12162 266 83 _ _ NNP 12162 266 84 territorium territorium NN 12162 266 85 _ _ NNP 12162 266 86 of of IN 12162 266 87 Siena Siena NNP 12162 266 88 . . . 12162 267 1 That that IN 12162 267 2 a a DT 12162 267 3 claim claim NN 12162 267 4 of of IN 12162 267 5 such such PDT 12162 267 6 a a DT 12162 267 7 character character NN 12162 267 8 should should MD 12162 267 9 have have VB 12162 267 10 been be VBN 12162 267 11 based base VBN 12162 267 12 on on IN 12162 267 13 the the DT 12162 267 14 argument argument NN 12162 267 15 of of IN 12162 267 16 the the DT 12162 267 17 natural natural JJ 12162 267 18 coincidence coincidence NN 12162 267 19 of of IN 12162 267 20 the the DT 12162 267 21 boundaries boundary NNS 12162 267 22 of of IN 12162 267 23 _ _ NNP 12162 267 24 territorium territorium NN 12162 267 25 _ _ NNP 12162 267 26 and and CC 12162 267 27 diocese diocese NNP 12162 267 28 , , , 12162 267 29 is be VBZ 12162 267 30 sufficient sufficient JJ 12162 267 31 proof proof NN 12162 267 32 of of IN 12162 267 33 the the DT 12162 267 34 identity identity NN 12162 267 35 of of IN 12162 267 36 these these DT 12162 267 37 limits limit NNS 12162 267 38 at at IN 12162 267 39 that that DT 12162 267 40 age age NN 12162 267 41 . . . 12162 268 1 In in IN 12162 268 2 a a DT 12162 268 3 bull bull NN 12162 268 4 of of IN 12162 268 5 the the DT 12162 268 6 year year NN 12162 268 7 752,[16 752,[16 NN 12162 268 8 ] ] -RRB- 12162 268 9 Pope Pope NNP 12162 268 10 Stephen Stephen NNP 12162 268 11 II II NNP 12162 268 12 . . . 12162 269 1 decides decide VBZ 12162 269 2 to to TO 12162 269 3 adhere adhere VB 12162 269 4 to to IN 12162 269 5 the the DT 12162 269 6 already already RB 12162 269 7 existing exist VBG 12162 269 8 diocesan diocesan JJ 12162 269 9 divisions division NNS 12162 269 10 , , , 12162 269 11 and and CC 12162 269 12 adjudges adjudge NNS 12162 269 13 to to IN 12162 269 14 the the DT 12162 269 15 bishop bishop NN 12162 269 16 of of IN 12162 269 17 Arezzo Arezzo NNP 12162 269 18 the the DT 12162 269 19 churches church NNS 12162 269 20 " " `` 12162 269 21 quae quae RB 12162 269 22 esse esse NNP 12162 269 23 manifestum manifestum NN 12162 269 24 est est NNP 12162 269 25 sub sub NNP 12162 269 26 consecratione consecratione NNP 12162 269 27 et et FW 12162 269 28 regimine regimine NN 12162 269 29 praefatae praefatae NN 12162 269 30 S. S. NNP 12162 269 31 Aretinae Aretinae NNP 12162 269 32 Ecclesiae Ecclesiae NNP 12162 269 33 , , , 12162 269 34 territorium territorium NN 12162 269 35 vero vero NNS 12162 269 36 est est VBD 12162 269 37 prefatae prefatae VBD 12162 269 38 nominatae nominatae IN 12162 269 39 Civitatis Civitatis NNP 12162 269 40 Senensis Senensis NNP 12162 269 41 . . . 12162 269 42 " " '' 12162 270 1 We -PRON- PRP 12162 270 2 see see VBP 12162 270 3 then then RB 12162 270 4 the the DT 12162 270 5 perpetuation perpetuation NN 12162 270 6 of of IN 12162 270 7 the the DT 12162 270 8 old old JJ 12162 270 9 Roman roman JJ 12162 270 10 land land NN 12162 270 11 divisions division NNS 12162 270 12 in in IN 12162 270 13 the the DT 12162 270 14 new new JJ 12162 270 15 commonwealth commonwealth NN 12162 270 16 through through IN 12162 270 17 the the DT 12162 270 18 medium medium NN 12162 270 19 of of IN 12162 270 20 the the DT 12162 270 21 _ _ NNP 12162 270 22 civitas civita NNS 12162 270 23 _ _ NNP 12162 270 24 and and CC 12162 270 25 the the DT 12162 270 26 diocese diocese NN 12162 270 27 . . . 12162 271 1 How how WRB 12162 271 2 long long RB 12162 271 3 these these DT 12162 271 4 divisions division NNS 12162 271 5 remained remain VBD 12162 271 6 intact intact JJ 12162 271 7 and and CC 12162 271 8 what what WP 12162 271 9 were be VBD 12162 271 10 the the DT 12162 271 11 causes cause NNS 12162 271 12 and and CC 12162 271 13 the the DT 12162 271 14 extent extent NN 12162 271 15 of of IN 12162 271 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 271 17 final final JJ 12162 271 18 overthrow overthrow NN 12162 271 19 , , , 12162 271 20 forms form VBZ 12162 271 21 part part NN 12162 271 22 of of IN 12162 271 23 the the DT 12162 271 24 history history NN 12162 271 25 of of IN 12162 271 26 the the DT 12162 271 27 later later JJ 12162 271 28 development development NN 12162 271 29 of of IN 12162 271 30 the the DT 12162 271 31 Italian italian JJ 12162 271 32 communes commune NNS 12162 271 33 . . . 12162 272 1 Here here RB 12162 272 2 I -PRON- PRP 12162 272 3 will will MD 12162 272 4 simply simply RB 12162 272 5 indicate indicate VB 12162 272 6 the the DT 12162 272 7 fact fact NN 12162 272 8 , , , 12162 272 9 that that IN 12162 272 10 among among IN 12162 272 11 the the DT 12162 272 12 reasons reason NNS 12162 272 13 which which WDT 12162 272 14 led lead VBD 12162 272 15 in in IN 12162 272 16 most most JJS 12162 272 17 instances instance NNS 12162 272 18 to to IN 12162 272 19 a a DT 12162 272 20 departure departure NN 12162 272 21 from from IN 12162 272 22 this this DT 12162 272 23 system system NN 12162 272 24 of of IN 12162 272 25 land land NN 12162 272 26 boundaries boundary NNS 12162 272 27 , , , 12162 272 28 are be VBP 12162 272 29 to to TO 12162 272 30 be be VB 12162 272 31 found find VBN 12162 272 32 some some DT 12162 272 33 of of IN 12162 272 34 the the DT 12162 272 35 most most RBS 12162 272 36 important important JJ 12162 272 37 causes cause NNS 12162 272 38 for for IN 12162 272 39 the the DT 12162 272 40 development development NN 12162 272 41 of of IN 12162 272 42 freedom freedom NN 12162 272 43 and and CC 12162 272 44 independent independent JJ 12162 272 45 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 272 46 among among IN 12162 272 47 the the DT 12162 272 48 cities city NNS 12162 272 49 . . . 12162 273 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 273 2 is be VBZ 12162 273 3 to to IN 12162 273 4 the the DT 12162 273 5 destruction destruction NN 12162 273 6 of of IN 12162 273 7 this this DT 12162 273 8 identity identity NN 12162 273 9 of of IN 12162 273 10 interests interest NNS 12162 273 11 and and CC 12162 273 12 of of IN 12162 273 13 government government NN 12162 273 14 which which WDT 12162 273 15 existed exist VBD 12162 273 16 between between IN 12162 273 17 country country NN 12162 273 18 and and CC 12162 273 19 city city NN 12162 273 20 , , , 12162 273 21 that that WDT 12162 273 22 is be VBZ 12162 273 23 owed owe VBN 12162 273 24 the the DT 12162 273 25 ultimate ultimate JJ 12162 273 26 predominance predominance NN 12162 273 27 of of IN 12162 273 28 the the DT 12162 273 29 latter latter JJ 12162 273 30 , , , 12162 273 31 and and CC 12162 273 32 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 273 33 regaining regain VBG 12162 273 34 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 273 35 ancient ancient JJ 12162 273 36 position position NN 12162 273 37 of of IN 12162 273 38 a a DT 12162 273 39 self self NN 12162 273 40 - - HYPH 12162 273 41 centered center VBN 12162 273 42 unity unity NN 12162 273 43 ; ; : 12162 273 44 although although IN 12162 273 45 in in IN 12162 273 46 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 273 47 new new JJ 12162 273 48 form form NN 12162 273 49 we -PRON- PRP 12162 273 50 find find VBP 12162 273 51 this this DT 12162 273 52 depending depend VBG 12162 273 53 on on IN 12162 273 54 the the DT 12162 273 55 principle principle NN 12162 273 56 of of IN 12162 273 57 individual individual JJ 12162 273 58 liberty liberty NN 12162 273 59 , , , 12162 273 60 instead instead RB 12162 273 61 of of IN 12162 273 62 being be VBG 12162 273 63 based base VBN 12162 273 64 on on IN 12162 273 65 the the DT 12162 273 66 principle principle NN 12162 273 67 of of IN 12162 273 68 government government NN 12162 273 69 by by IN 12162 273 70 a a DT 12162 273 71 central central JJ 12162 273 72 power power NN 12162 273 73 . . . 12162 274 1 Whether whether IN 12162 274 2 this this DT 12162 274 3 emancipation emancipation NN 12162 274 4 from from IN 12162 274 5 the the DT 12162 274 6 bonds bond NNS 12162 274 7 of of IN 12162 274 8 a a DT 12162 274 9 rural rural JJ 12162 274 10 dependence dependence NN 12162 274 11 was be VBD 12162 274 12 brought bring VBN 12162 274 13 about about RP 12162 274 14 by by IN 12162 274 15 the the DT 12162 274 16 practice practice NN 12162 274 17 later later RB 12162 274 18 entered enter VBN 12162 274 19 upon upon IN 12162 274 20 , , , 12162 274 21 of of IN 12162 274 22 breaking break VBG 12162 274 23 up up RP 12162 274 24 the the DT 12162 274 25 counties county NNS 12162 274 26 into into IN 12162 274 27 a a DT 12162 274 28 number number NN 12162 274 29 of of IN 12162 274 30 smaller small JJR 12162 274 31 units unit NNS 12162 274 32 with with IN 12162 274 33 the the DT 12162 274 34 so so RB 12162 274 35 - - HYPH 12162 274 36 called call VBN 12162 274 37 " " `` 12162 274 38 rural rural JJ 12162 274 39 counts count NNS 12162 274 40 , , , 12162 274 41 " " '' 12162 274 42 each each DT 12162 274 43 ruling ruling NN 12162 274 44 over over IN 12162 274 45 a a DT 12162 274 46 _ _ NNP 12162 274 47 castellum castellum NN 12162 274 48 _ _ NNP 12162 274 49 or or CC 12162 274 50 fortified fortify VBD 12162 274 51 village village NN 12162 274 52 ; ; : 12162 274 53 or or CC 12162 274 54 by by IN 12162 274 55 the the DT 12162 274 56 fact fact NN 12162 274 57 that that IN 12162 274 58 many many JJ 12162 274 59 of of IN 12162 274 60 the the DT 12162 274 61 bishops bishop NNS 12162 274 62 obtained obtain VBD 12162 274 63 political political JJ 12162 274 64 as as RB 12162 274 65 well well RB 12162 274 66 as as IN 12162 274 67 religious religious JJ 12162 274 68 control control NN 12162 274 69 over over IN 12162 274 70 a a DT 12162 274 71 city city NN 12162 274 72 and and CC 12162 274 73 a a DT 12162 274 74 limited limited JJ 12162 274 75 area area NN 12162 274 76 of of IN 12162 274 77 the the DT 12162 274 78 surrounding surround VBG 12162 274 79 country country NN 12162 274 80 , , , 12162 274 81 generally generally RB 12162 274 82 extending extend VBG 12162 274 83 only only RB 12162 274 84 three three CD 12162 274 85 or or CC 12162 274 86 five five CD 12162 274 87 miles mile NNS 12162 274 88 beyond beyond IN 12162 274 89 the the DT 12162 274 90 city city NN 12162 274 91 walls wall NNS 12162 274 92 ; ; : 12162 274 93 or or CC 12162 274 94 whether whether IN 12162 274 95 this this DT 12162 274 96 freedom freedom NN 12162 274 97 was be VBD 12162 274 98 the the DT 12162 274 99 result result NN 12162 274 100 of of IN 12162 274 101 the the DT 12162 274 102 spontaneous spontaneous JJ 12162 274 103 growth growth NN 12162 274 104 of of IN 12162 274 105 civic civic JJ 12162 274 106 and and CC 12162 274 107 economic economic JJ 12162 274 108 life life NN 12162 274 109 within within IN 12162 274 110 the the DT 12162 274 111 city city NN 12162 274 112 itself -PRON- PRP 12162 274 113 ; ; : 12162 274 114 or or CC 12162 274 115 finally finally RB 12162 274 116 , , , 12162 274 117 whether whether IN 12162 274 118 it -PRON- PRP 12162 274 119 came come VBD 12162 274 120 from from IN 12162 274 121 a a DT 12162 274 122 combination combination NN 12162 274 123 of of IN 12162 274 124 all all PDT 12162 274 125 these these DT 12162 274 126 and and CC 12162 274 127 many many JJ 12162 274 128 minor minor JJ 12162 274 129 causes cause NNS 12162 274 130 , , , 12162 274 131 is be VBZ 12162 274 132 a a DT 12162 274 133 question question NN 12162 274 134 which which WDT 12162 274 135 -- -- : 12162 274 136 for for IN 12162 274 137 the the DT 12162 274 138 early early JJ 12162 274 139 period period NN 12162 274 140 of of IN 12162 274 141 the the DT 12162 274 142 development development NN 12162 274 143 at at IN 12162 274 144 least least JJS 12162 274 145 -- -- : 12162 274 146 the the DT 12162 274 147 progress progress NN 12162 274 148 of of IN 12162 274 149 our -PRON- PRP$ 12162 274 150 investigation investigation NN 12162 274 151 will will MD 12162 274 152 answer answer VB 12162 274 153 for for IN 12162 274 154 itself -PRON- PRP 12162 274 155 . . . 12162 275 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 275 2 will will MD 12162 275 3 , , , 12162 275 4 however however RB 12162 275 5 , , , 12162 275 6 be be VB 12162 275 7 impossible impossible JJ 12162 275 8 for for IN 12162 275 9 us -PRON- PRP 12162 275 10 to to TO 12162 275 11 understand understand VB 12162 275 12 thoroughly thoroughly RB 12162 275 13 the the DT 12162 275 14 relations relation NNS 12162 275 15 of of IN 12162 275 16 the the DT 12162 275 17 city city NN 12162 275 18 under under IN 12162 275 19 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 275 20 and and CC 12162 275 21 Frankish Frankish NNP 12162 275 22 rule rule NN 12162 275 23 to to IN 12162 275 24 the the DT 12162 275 25 central central NN 12162 275 26 and and CC 12162 275 27 to to IN 12162 275 28 the the DT 12162 275 29 local local JJ 12162 275 30 government government NN 12162 275 31 , , , 12162 275 32 unless unless IN 12162 275 33 we -PRON- PRP 12162 275 34 know know VBP 12162 275 35 somewhat somewhat RB 12162 275 36 of of IN 12162 275 37 the the DT 12162 275 38 local local JJ 12162 275 39 and and CC 12162 275 40 state state NN 12162 275 41 officers officer NNS 12162 275 42 who who WP 12162 275 43 exercised exercise VBD 12162 275 44 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 275 45 within within IN 12162 275 46 the the DT 12162 275 47 territorial territorial JJ 12162 275 48 limits limit NNS 12162 275 49 just just RB 12162 275 50 described describe VBN 12162 275 51 . . . 12162 276 1 By by IN 12162 276 2 a a DT 12162 276 3 consideration consideration NN 12162 276 4 of of IN 12162 276 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 276 6 special special JJ 12162 276 7 powers power NNS 12162 276 8 and and CC 12162 276 9 of of IN 12162 276 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 276 11 special special JJ 12162 276 12 duties duty NNS 12162 276 13 , , , 12162 276 14 we -PRON- PRP 12162 276 15 must must MD 12162 276 16 learn learn VB 12162 276 17 all all DT 12162 276 18 that that WDT 12162 276 19 we -PRON- PRP 12162 276 20 can can MD 12162 276 21 know know VB 12162 276 22 with with IN 12162 276 23 any any DT 12162 276 24 degree degree NN 12162 276 25 of of IN 12162 276 26 certainty certainty NN 12162 276 27 with with IN 12162 276 28 regard regard NN 12162 276 29 to to IN 12162 276 30 the the DT 12162 276 31 position position NN 12162 276 32 of of IN 12162 276 33 the the DT 12162 276 34 city city NN 12162 276 35 in in IN 12162 276 36 these these DT 12162 276 37 times time NNS 12162 276 38 . . . 12162 277 1 With with IN 12162 277 2 this this DT 12162 277 3 in in IN 12162 277 4 mind mind NN 12162 277 5 , , , 12162 277 6 let let VB 12162 277 7 us -PRON- PRP 12162 277 8 first first RB 12162 277 9 examine examine VB 12162 277 10 the the DT 12162 277 11 office office NN 12162 277 12 whose whose WP$ 12162 277 13 functions function NNS 12162 277 14 it -PRON- PRP 12162 277 15 is be VBZ 12162 277 16 at at IN 12162 277 17 once once RB 12162 277 18 the the DT 12162 277 19 most most RBS 12162 277 20 difficult difficult JJ 12162 277 21 and and CC 12162 277 22 the the DT 12162 277 23 most most RBS 12162 277 24 important important JJ 12162 277 25 for for IN 12162 277 26 us -PRON- PRP 12162 277 27 to to TO 12162 277 28 understand understand VB 12162 277 29 in in IN 12162 277 30 all all DT 12162 277 31 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 277 32 bearings bearing NNS 12162 277 33 -- -- : 12162 277 34 that that DT 12162 277 35 of of IN 12162 277 36 the the DT 12162 277 37 _ _ NNP 12162 277 38 Judex Judex NNP 12162 277 39 _ _ NNP 12162 277 40 . . . 12162 278 1 We -PRON- PRP 12162 278 2 must must MD 12162 278 3 consider consider VB 12162 278 4 it -PRON- PRP 12162 278 5 not not RB 12162 278 6 only only RB 12162 278 7 in in IN 12162 278 8 the the DT 12162 278 9 relation relation NN 12162 278 10 which which WDT 12162 278 11 it -PRON- PRP 12162 278 12 bears bear VBZ 12162 278 13 to to IN 12162 278 14 the the DT 12162 278 15 higher high JJR 12162 278 16 grade grade NN 12162 278 17 of of IN 12162 278 18 officers officer NNS 12162 278 19 , , , 12162 278 20 the the DT 12162 278 21 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 278 22 duke duke NNP 12162 278 23 and and CC 12162 278 24 the the DT 12162 278 25 Frankish frankish JJ 12162 278 26 count count NN 12162 278 27 , , , 12162 278 28 but but CC 12162 278 29 also also RB 12162 278 30 in in IN 12162 278 31 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 278 32 relation relation NN 12162 278 33 with with IN 12162 278 34 the the DT 12162 278 35 lower low JJR 12162 278 36 officials official NNS 12162 278 37 who who WP 12162 278 38 severally severally RB 12162 278 39 enjoyed enjoy VBD 12162 278 40 more more RBR 12162 278 41 or or CC 12162 278 42 less less JJR 12162 278 43 of of IN 12162 278 44 the the DT 12162 278 45 powers power NNS 12162 278 46 attached attach VBN 12162 278 47 to to IN 12162 278 48 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 278 49 possession possession NN 12162 278 50 , , , 12162 278 51 namely namely RB 12162 278 52 , , , 12162 278 53 the the DT 12162 278 54 gastald gastald NNP 12162 278 55 , , , 12162 278 56 the the DT 12162 278 57 sculdahis sculdahis NN 12162 278 58 , , , 12162 278 59 the the DT 12162 278 60 scabino scabino NNP 12162 278 61 , , , 12162 278 62 and and CC 12162 278 63 even even RB 12162 278 64 the the DT 12162 278 65 rural rural JJ 12162 278 66 counts count NNS 12162 278 67 and and CC 12162 278 68 the the DT 12162 278 69 bishop bishop NN 12162 278 70 . . . 12162 279 1 And and CC 12162 279 2 in in IN 12162 279 3 tracing trace VBG 12162 279 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 279 5 development development NN 12162 279 6 we -PRON- PRP 12162 279 7 must must MD 12162 279 8 note note VB 12162 279 9 the the DT 12162 279 10 influence influence NN 12162 279 11 it -PRON- PRP 12162 279 12 bore bear VBD 12162 279 13 on on IN 12162 279 14 the the DT 12162 279 15 growth growth NN 12162 279 16 of of IN 12162 279 17 the the DT 12162 279 18 municipal municipal JJ 12162 279 19 idea idea NN 12162 279 20 , , , 12162 279 21 and and CC 12162 279 22 also also RB 12162 279 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 279 24 connection connection NN 12162 279 25 with with IN 12162 279 26 the the DT 12162 279 27 political political JJ 12162 279 28 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 279 29 , , , 12162 279 30 commonly commonly RB 12162 279 31 combined combine VBN 12162 279 32 with with IN 12162 279 33 it -PRON- PRP 12162 279 34 in in IN 12162 279 35 the the DT 12162 279 36 person person NN 12162 279 37 of of IN 12162 279 38 a a DT 12162 279 39 single single JJ 12162 279 40 official official NN 12162 279 41 . . . 12162 280 1 In in IN 12162 280 2 considering consider VBG 12162 280 3 the the DT 12162 280 4 institutions institution NNS 12162 280 5 of of IN 12162 280 6 a a DT 12162 280 7 comparatively comparatively RB 12162 280 8 crude crude JJ 12162 280 9 state state NN 12162 280 10 of of IN 12162 280 11 society society NN 12162 280 12 , , , 12162 280 13 such such JJ 12162 280 14 as as IN 12162 280 15 existed exist VBN 12162 280 16 in in IN 12162 280 17 Europe Europe NNP 12162 280 18 in in IN 12162 280 19 the the DT 12162 280 20 early early JJ 12162 280 21 middle middle JJ 12162 280 22 ages age NNS 12162 280 23 , , , 12162 280 24 it -PRON- PRP 12162 280 25 is be VBZ 12162 280 26 misleading mislead VBG 12162 280 27 if if IN 12162 280 28 not not RB 12162 280 29 impossible impossible JJ 12162 280 30 to to TO 12162 280 31 differentiate differentiate VB 12162 280 32 to to IN 12162 280 33 any any DT 12162 280 34 great great JJ 12162 280 35 extent extent NN 12162 280 36 the the DT 12162 280 37 various various JJ 12162 280 38 functions function NNS 12162 280 39 and and CC 12162 280 40 kinds kind NNS 12162 280 41 of of IN 12162 280 42 power power NN 12162 280 43 which which WDT 12162 280 44 were be VBD 12162 280 45 commonly commonly RB 12162 280 46 centered center VBN 12162 280 47 in in IN 12162 280 48 the the DT 12162 280 49 same same JJ 12162 280 50 individual individual NN 12162 280 51 . . . 12162 281 1 Consequently consequently RB 12162 281 2 the the DT 12162 281 3 only only JJ 12162 281 4 safe safe JJ 12162 281 5 way way NN 12162 281 6 to to TO 12162 281 7 give give VB 12162 281 8 a a DT 12162 281 9 clear clear JJ 12162 281 10 idea idea NN 12162 281 11 of of IN 12162 281 12 the the DT 12162 281 13 position position NN 12162 281 14 and and CC 12162 281 15 the the DT 12162 281 16 powers power NNS 12162 281 17 of of IN 12162 281 18 the the DT 12162 281 19 _ _ NNP 12162 281 20 judex judex NN 12162 281 21 _ _ NNP 12162 281 22 , , , 12162 281 23 is be VBZ 12162 281 24 to to TO 12162 281 25 give give VB 12162 281 26 a a DT 12162 281 27 description description NN 12162 281 28 of of IN 12162 281 29 the the DT 12162 281 30 various various JJ 12162 281 31 offices office NNS 12162 281 32 to to TO 12162 281 33 which which WDT 12162 281 34 judicial judicial JJ 12162 281 35 authority authority NN 12162 281 36 was be VBD 12162 281 37 attached attach VBN 12162 281 38 , , , 12162 281 39 in in IN 12162 281 40 degrees degree NNS 12162 281 41 more more RBR 12162 281 42 or or CC 12162 281 43 less less RBR 12162 281 44 complete complete JJ 12162 281 45 , , , 12162 281 46 corresponding correspond VBG 12162 281 47 to to IN 12162 281 48 the the DT 12162 281 49 social social JJ 12162 281 50 and and CC 12162 281 51 political political JJ 12162 281 52 importance importance NN 12162 281 53 of of IN 12162 281 54 the the DT 12162 281 55 person person NN 12162 281 56 exercising exercise VBG 12162 281 57 this this DT 12162 281 58 authority authority NN 12162 281 59 . . . 12162 282 1 In in IN 12162 282 2 the the DT 12162 282 3 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 282 4 system system NN 12162 282 5 , , , 12162 282 6 at at IN 12162 282 7 the the DT 12162 282 8 head head NN 12162 282 9 of of IN 12162 282 10 each each DT 12162 282 11 _ _ NNP 12162 282 12 civitas civita NNS 12162 282 13 _ _ NNP 12162 282 14 , , , 12162 282 15 as as IN 12162 282 16 lord lord NNP 12162 282 17 and and CC 12162 282 18 as as IN 12162 282 19 judge judge NN 12162 282 20 , , , 12162 282 21 was be VBD 12162 282 22 the the DT 12162 282 23 _ _ NNP 12162 282 24 dux dux NN 12162 282 25 _ _ NNP 12162 282 26 , , , 12162 282 27 or or CC 12162 282 28 duke duke NNP 12162 282 29 . . . 12162 283 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 12162 283 2 title title NN 12162 283 3 and and CC 12162 283 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 283 5 office office NN 12162 283 6 being being NN 12162 283 7 but but CC 12162 283 8 the the DT 12162 283 9 relic relic NN 12162 283 10 of of IN 12162 283 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 283 12 original original JJ 12162 283 13 high high JJ 12162 283 14 position position NN 12162 283 15 of of IN 12162 283 16 leadership leadership NN 12162 283 17 in in IN 12162 283 18 the the DT 12162 283 19 army army NN 12162 283 20 of of IN 12162 283 21 the the DT 12162 283 22 invasion invasion NN 12162 283 23 , , , 12162 283 24 when when WRB 12162 283 25 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 283 26 command command NN 12162 283 27 was be VBD 12162 283 28 only only RB 12162 283 29 subject subject JJ 12162 283 30 to to IN 12162 283 31 that that DT 12162 283 32 of of IN 12162 283 33 the the DT 12162 283 34 king king NN 12162 283 35 , , , 12162 283 36 the the DT 12162 283 37 leader leader NN 12162 283 38 - - HYPH 12162 283 39 in in IN 12162 283 40 - - HYPH 12162 283 41 chief chief NN 12162 283 42 of of IN 12162 283 43 the the DT 12162 283 44 army army NN 12162 283 45 - - HYPH 12162 283 46 nation nation NN 12162 283 47 and and CC 12162 283 48 head head NN 12162 283 49 of of IN 12162 283 50 the the DT 12162 283 51 military military JJ 12162 283 52 constitution constitution NN 12162 283 53 , , , 12162 283 54 he -PRON- PRP 12162 283 55 held hold VBD 12162 283 56 directly directly RB 12162 283 57 from from IN 12162 283 58 the the DT 12162 283 59 king king NN 12162 283 60 , , , 12162 283 61 attended attend VBD 12162 283 62 the the DT 12162 283 63 royal royal NN 12162 283 64 _ _ NNP 12162 283 65 placita placita NN 12162 283 66 _ _ NNP 12162 283 67 as as IN 12162 283 68 the the DT 12162 283 69 king king NN 12162 283 70 's 's POS 12162 283 71 vassal vassal NN 12162 283 72 , , , 12162 283 73 and and CC 12162 283 74 held hold VBD 12162 283 75 _ _ NNP 12162 283 76 placita placita NN 12162 283 77 _ _ NNP 12162 283 78 of of IN 12162 283 79 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 283 80 own own JJ 12162 283 81 within within IN 12162 283 82 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 283 83 own own JJ 12162 283 84 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 283 85 , , , 12162 283 86 and and CC 12162 283 87 over over IN 12162 283 88 which which WDT 12162 283 89 he -PRON- PRP 12162 283 90 presided preside VBD 12162 283 91 in in IN 12162 283 92 person person NN 12162 283 93 . . . 12162 284 1 Beyond beyond IN 12162 284 2 the the DT 12162 284 3 duties duty NNS 12162 284 4 of of IN 12162 284 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 284 6 own own JJ 12162 284 7 particular particular JJ 12162 284 8 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 284 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 284 10 chief chief JJ 12162 284 11 office office NN 12162 284 12 was be VBD 12162 284 13 to to TO 12162 284 14 assist assist VB 12162 284 15 the the DT 12162 284 16 king king NN 12162 284 17 by by IN 12162 284 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 284 19 presence presence NN 12162 284 20 and and CC 12162 284 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 284 22 counsel counsel NN 12162 284 23 , , , 12162 284 24 when when WRB 12162 284 25 the the DT 12162 284 26 king king NN 12162 284 27 gave give VBD 12162 284 28 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 284 29 judgments judgment NNS 12162 284 30 at at IN 12162 284 31 the the DT 12162 284 32 annual annual JJ 12162 284 33 assembly assembly NN 12162 284 34 in in IN 12162 284 35 March March NNP 12162 284 36 , , , 12162 284 37 at at IN 12162 284 38 the the DT 12162 284 39 capital capital NN 12162 284 40 Ticinum Ticinum NNP 12162 284 41 . . . 12162 285 1 The the DT 12162 285 2 importance importance NN 12162 285 3 of of IN 12162 285 4 this this DT 12162 285 5 concurrence concurrence NN 12162 285 6 of of IN 12162 285 7 the the DT 12162 285 8 _ _ NNP 12162 285 9 judices judices NNPS 12162 285 10 _ _ NNP 12162 285 11 in in IN 12162 285 12 all all PDT 12162 285 13 the the DT 12162 285 14 king king NN 12162 285 15 's 's POS 12162 285 16 decrees decree NNS 12162 285 17 and and CC 12162 285 18 official official JJ 12162 285 19 acts act NNS 12162 285 20 is be VBZ 12162 285 21 illustrated illustrate VBN 12162 285 22 by by IN 12162 285 23 the the DT 12162 285 24 fact fact NN 12162 285 25 that that IN 12162 285 26 cases case NNS 12162 285 27 are be VBP 12162 285 28 rare rare JJ 12162 285 29 in in IN 12162 285 30 which which WDT 12162 285 31 this this DT 12162 285 32 concurrence concurrence NN 12162 285 33 remains remain VBZ 12162 285 34 unmentioned unmentioned JJ 12162 285 35 . . . 12162 286 1 The the DT 12162 286 2 usual usual JJ 12162 286 3 practice practice NN 12162 286 4 is be VBZ 12162 286 5 to to TO 12162 286 6 introduce introduce VB 12162 286 7 in in IN 12162 286 8 the the DT 12162 286 9 prologue prologue NN 12162 286 10 which which WDT 12162 286 11 is be VBZ 12162 286 12 commonly commonly RB 12162 286 13 attached attach VBN 12162 286 14 to to IN 12162 286 15 the the DT 12162 286 16 laws law NNS 12162 286 17 given give VBN 12162 286 18 out out RP 12162 286 19 during during IN 12162 286 20 each each DT 12162 286 21 year year NN 12162 286 22 of of IN 12162 286 23 the the DT 12162 286 24 king king NN 12162 286 25 's 's POS 12162 286 26 reign reign NN 12162 286 27 , , , 12162 286 28 after after IN 12162 286 29 the the DT 12162 286 30 mention mention NN 12162 286 31 of of IN 12162 286 32 the the DT 12162 286 33 date date NN 12162 286 34 " " '' 12162 286 35 Kalendiis Kalendiis NNP 12162 286 36 Martiarum Martiarum NNP 12162 286 37 , , , 12162 286 38 " " `` 12162 286 39 some some DT 12162 286 40 such such JJ 12162 286 41 expression expression NN 12162 286 42 as as IN 12162 286 43 " " `` 12162 286 44 cum cum NNP 12162 286 45 nostris nostris NNP 12162 286 46 Judicibus";[17 Judicibus";[17 NNP 12162 286 47 ] ] -RRB- 12162 286 48 or or CC 12162 286 49 " " `` 12162 286 50 ad ad FW 12162 286 51 nos nos NNP 12162 286 52 conjungerentur conjungerentur NNP 12162 286 53 Judices";[18 Judices";[18 NNP 12162 286 54 ] ] -RRB- 12162 286 55 or or CC 12162 286 56 " " `` 12162 286 57 per per IN 12162 286 58 suggestionem suggestionem NN 12162 286 59 Judicum";[19 judicum";[19 NN 12162 286 60 ] ] -RRB- 12162 286 61 to to TO 12162 286 62 which which WDT 12162 286 63 is be VBZ 12162 286 64 sometimes sometimes RB 12162 286 65 added add VBN 12162 286 66 the the DT 12162 286 67 formula formula NN 12162 286 68 " " `` 12162 286 69 omniumque omniumque NNP 12162 286 70 consensum,"[19 consensum,"[19 NNP 12162 286 71 ] ] -RRB- 12162 286 72 or or CC 12162 286 73 " " `` 12162 286 74 cum cum NNP 12162 286 75 reliquis reliquis NNP 12162 286 76 nostris nostris IN 12162 286 77 Langobardis Langobardis NNP 12162 286 78 fidelis fidelis RB 12162 286 79 . . . 12162 286 80 " " '' 12162 287 1 That that DT 12162 287 2 legislation legislation NN 12162 287 3 was be VBD 12162 287 4 not not RB 12162 287 5 considered consider VBN 12162 287 6 valid valid JJ 12162 287 7 until until IN 12162 287 8 such such JJ 12162 287 9 consent consent NN 12162 287 10 and and CC 12162 287 11 advice advice NN 12162 287 12 was be VBD 12162 287 13 obtained obtain VBN 12162 287 14 , , , 12162 287 15 we -PRON- PRP 12162 287 16 can can MD 12162 287 17 see see VB 12162 287 18 from from IN 12162 287 19 the the DT 12162 287 20 prologue prologue NN 12162 287 21 to to IN 12162 287 22 the the DT 12162 287 23 laws law NNS 12162 287 24 issued issue VBN 12162 287 25 in in IN 12162 287 26 the the DT 12162 287 27 thirteenth thirteenth JJ 12162 287 28 year year NN 12162 287 29 of of IN 12162 287 30 the the DT 12162 287 31 reign reign NN 12162 287 32 of of IN 12162 287 33 Liutprand Liutprand NNP 12162 287 34 , , , 12162 287 35 in in IN 12162 287 36 which which WDT 12162 287 37 he -PRON- PRP 12162 287 38 refers refer VBZ 12162 287 39 to to IN 12162 287 40 certain certain JJ 12162 287 41 important important JJ 12162 287 42 " " `` 12162 287 43 causae causae NN 12162 287 44 " " '' 12162 287 45 which which WDT 12162 287 46 had have VBD 12162 287 47 come come VBN 12162 287 48 under under IN 12162 287 49 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 287 50 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 287 51 , , , 12162 287 52 and and CC 12162 287 53 for for IN 12162 287 54 which which WDT 12162 287 55 additional additional JJ 12162 287 56 legislation legislation NN 12162 287 57 was be VBD 12162 287 58 necessary necessary JJ 12162 287 59 , , , 12162 287 60 the the DT 12162 287 61 laws law NNS 12162 287 62 already already RB 12162 287 63 existing exist VBG 12162 287 64 failing fail VBG 12162 287 65 to to TO 12162 287 66 reach reach VB 12162 287 67 them -PRON- PRP 12162 287 68 . . . 12162 288 1 To to TO 12162 288 2 meet meet VB 12162 288 3 the the DT 12162 288 4 exigency exigency NN 12162 288 5 new new JJ 12162 288 6 laws law NNS 12162 288 7 are be VBP 12162 288 8 enacted enact VBN 12162 288 9 , , , 12162 288 10 but but CC 12162 288 11 the the DT 12162 288 12 king king NN 12162 288 13 especially especially RB 12162 288 14 states state VBZ 12162 288 15 that that IN 12162 288 16 the the DT 12162 288 17 cases case NNS 12162 288 18 must must MD 12162 288 19 remain remain VB 12162 288 20 in in IN 12162 288 21 abeyance abeyance NN 12162 288 22 until until IN 12162 288 23 the the DT 12162 288 24 new new JJ 12162 288 25 laws law NNS 12162 288 26 are be VBP 12162 288 27 confirmed confirm VBN 12162 288 28 by by IN 12162 288 29 the the DT 12162 288 30 _ _ NNP 12162 288 31 judices judices NNPS 12162 288 32 _ _ NNP 12162 288 33 at at IN 12162 288 34 the the DT 12162 288 35 next next JJ 12162 288 36 assembly assembly NN 12162 288 37 in in IN 12162 288 38 March March NNP 12162 288 39 . . . 12162 289 1 In in IN 12162 289 2 speaking speak VBG 12162 289 3 of of IN 12162 289 4 these these DT 12162 289 5 " " `` 12162 289 6 causae causae NN 12162 289 7 " " '' 12162 289 8 in in IN 12162 289 9 the the DT 12162 289 10 above above RB 12162 289 11 - - HYPH 12162 289 12 mentioned mention VBN 12162 289 13 prologue prologue NN 12162 289 14 to to IN 12162 289 15 the the DT 12162 289 16 laws law NNS 12162 289 17 , , , 12162 289 18 he -PRON- PRP 12162 289 19 says say VBZ 12162 289 20 : : : 12162 289 21 " " `` 12162 289 22 Proinde proinde NN 12162 289 23 providimus providimus NN 12162 289 24 eas eas NN 12162 289 25 usque usque NNP 12162 289 26 ad ad NN 12162 289 27 suprascriptum suprascriptum NN 12162 289 28 diem diem NN 12162 289 29 Kalendii Kalendii NNP 12162 289 30 Martiarum Martiarum NNP 12162 289 31 suspendere suspendere NNP 12162 289 32 dum dum NNP 12162 289 33 usque usque NNP 12162 289 34 nostri nostri NNP 12162 289 35 ad ad NNP 12162 289 36 nos nos NNP 12162 289 37 conjungerentur conjungerentur NNP 12162 289 38 judices judice NNS 12162 289 39 , , , 12162 289 40 " " `` 12162 289 41 etc etc FW 12162 289 42 . . . 12162 290 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 290 2 20 20 CD 12162 290 3 ] ] -RRB- 12162 290 4 This this DT 12162 290 5 attendance attendance NN 12162 290 6 at at IN 12162 290 7 the the DT 12162 290 8 royal royal NN 12162 290 9 _ _ NNP 12162 290 10 placita placita NN 12162 290 11 _ _ NNP 12162 290 12 represents represent VBZ 12162 290 13 the the DT 12162 290 14 most most RBS 12162 290 15 important important JJ 12162 290 16 of of IN 12162 290 17 the the DT 12162 290 18 legislative legislative JJ 12162 290 19 duties duty NNS 12162 290 20 of of IN 12162 290 21 the the DT 12162 290 22 _ _ NNP 12162 290 23 judex judex NN 12162 290 24 _ _ NNP 12162 290 25 outside outside IN 12162 290 26 of of IN 12162 290 27 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 290 28 own own JJ 12162 290 29 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 290 30 . . . 12162 291 1 Of of IN 12162 291 2 other other JJ 12162 291 3 duties duty NNS 12162 291 4 which which WDT 12162 291 5 caused cause VBD 12162 291 6 him -PRON- PRP 12162 291 7 to to TO 12162 291 8 leave leave VB 12162 291 9 the the DT 12162 291 10 seat seat NN 12162 291 11 of of IN 12162 291 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 291 13 authority authority NN 12162 291 14 , , , 12162 291 15 the the DT 12162 291 16 only only JJ 12162 291 17 ones one NNS 12162 291 18 we -PRON- PRP 12162 291 19 need need VBP 12162 291 20 here here RB 12162 291 21 consider consider VB 12162 291 22 are be VBP 12162 291 23 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 291 24 military military JJ 12162 291 25 duties duty NNS 12162 291 26 ; ; : 12162 291 27 and and CC 12162 291 28 with with IN 12162 291 29 regard regard NN 12162 291 30 to to IN 12162 291 31 these these DT 12162 291 32 it -PRON- PRP 12162 291 33 will will MD 12162 291 34 be be VB 12162 291 35 sufficient sufficient JJ 12162 291 36 to to TO 12162 291 37 point point VB 12162 291 38 out out RP 12162 291 39 that that IN 12162 291 40 the the DT 12162 291 41 _ _ NNP 12162 291 42 judex judex NN 12162 291 43 _ _ NNP 12162 291 44 was be VBD 12162 291 45 the the DT 12162 291 46 leader leader NN 12162 291 47 in in IN 12162 291 48 war war NN 12162 291 49 of of IN 12162 291 50 the the DT 12162 291 51 vassals vassal NNS 12162 291 52 and and CC 12162 291 53 lesser less JJR 12162 291 54 lords lord NNS 12162 291 55 , , , 12162 291 56 and and CC 12162 291 57 indeed indeed RB 12162 291 58 of of IN 12162 291 59 all all PDT 12162 291 60 the the DT 12162 291 61 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 12162 291 62 of of IN 12162 291 63 the the DT 12162 291 64 _ _ NNP 12162 291 65 judiciaria judiciaria NN 12162 291 66 _ _ NNP 12162 291 67 who who WP 12162 291 68 were be VBD 12162 291 69 entitled entitle VBN 12162 291 70 or or CC 12162 291 71 compelled compel VBN 12162 291 72 , , , 12162 291 73 by by IN 12162 291 74 the the DT 12162 291 75 forms form NNS 12162 291 76 of of IN 12162 291 77 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 291 78 tenure tenure NN 12162 291 79 , , , 12162 291 80 to to TO 12162 291 81 bear bear VB 12162 291 82 arms arm NNS 12162 291 83 . . . 12162 292 1 Ample ample JJ 12162 292 2 proof proof NN 12162 292 3 of of IN 12162 292 4 this this DT 12162 292 5 is be VBZ 12162 292 6 to to TO 12162 292 7 be be VB 12162 292 8 found find VBN 12162 292 9 throughout throughout IN 12162 292 10 the the DT 12162 292 11 law law NN 12162 292 12 codes code NNS 12162 292 13 , , , 12162 292 14 but but CC 12162 292 15 we -PRON- PRP 12162 292 16 need need VBP 12162 292 17 not not RB 12162 292 18 pause pause VB 12162 292 19 to to TO 12162 292 20 cite cite VB 12162 292 21 such such JJ 12162 292 22 confirmation confirmation NN 12162 292 23 , , , 12162 292 24 if if IN 12162 292 25 we -PRON- PRP 12162 292 26 remember remember VBP 12162 292 27 the the DT 12162 292 28 natural natural JJ 12162 292 29 evolution evolution NN 12162 292 30 of of IN 12162 292 31 the the DT 12162 292 32 office office NN 12162 292 33 of of IN 12162 292 34 _ _ NNP 12162 292 35 dux dux NNP 12162 292 36 _ _ NNP 12162 292 37 from from IN 12162 292 38 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 292 39 position position NN 12162 292 40 in in IN 12162 292 41 the the DT 12162 292 42 original original JJ 12162 292 43 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 292 44 military military NN 12162 292 45 system system NN 12162 292 46 . . . 12162 293 1 As as IN 12162 293 2 a a DT 12162 293 3 good good JJ 12162 293 4 example example NN 12162 293 5 of of IN 12162 293 6 this this DT 12162 293 7 military military JJ 12162 293 8 leadership leadership NN 12162 293 9 we -PRON- PRP 12162 293 10 may may MD 12162 293 11 refer refer VB 12162 293 12 to to IN 12162 293 13 the the DT 12162 293 14 provisions provision NNS 12162 293 15 of of IN 12162 293 16 the the DT 12162 293 17 twenty twenty CD 12162 293 18 - - HYPH 12162 293 19 ninth ninth JJ 12162 293 20 law law NN 12162 293 21 in in IN 12162 293 22 the the DT 12162 293 23 sixth sixth JJ 12162 293 24 book book NN 12162 293 25 of of IN 12162 293 26 the the DT 12162 293 27 laws law NNS 12162 293 28 of of IN 12162 293 29 Liutprand Liutprand NNP 12162 293 30 . . . 12162 294 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 294 2 21 21 CD 12162 294 3 ] ] -RRB- 12162 294 4 What what WP 12162 294 5 is be VBZ 12162 294 6 of of IN 12162 294 7 the the DT 12162 294 8 greatest great JJS 12162 294 9 importance importance NN 12162 294 10 to to IN 12162 294 11 us -PRON- PRP 12162 294 12 , , , 12162 294 13 however however RB 12162 294 14 , , , 12162 294 15 in in IN 12162 294 16 bringing bring VBG 12162 294 17 out out RP 12162 294 18 the the DT 12162 294 19 relations relation NNS 12162 294 20 of of IN 12162 294 21 the the DT 12162 294 22 cities city NNS 12162 294 23 to to IN 12162 294 24 the the DT 12162 294 25 rest rest NN 12162 294 26 of of IN 12162 294 27 the the DT 12162 294 28 community community NN 12162 294 29 in in IN 12162 294 30 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 294 31 and and CC 12162 294 32 Frankish Frankish NNP 12162 294 33 times time NNS 12162 294 34 , , , 12162 294 35 is be VBZ 12162 294 36 the the DT 12162 294 37 position position NN 12162 294 38 of of IN 12162 294 39 the the DT 12162 294 40 _ _ NNP 12162 294 41 judex judex NN 12162 294 42 _ _ NNP 12162 294 43 as as IN 12162 294 44 duke duke NNP 12162 294 45 and and CC 12162 294 46 as as IN 12162 294 47 count count NN 12162 294 48 within within IN 12162 294 49 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 294 50 own own JJ 12162 294 51 _ _ NNP 12162 294 52 judiciaria judiciaria NN 12162 294 53 _ _ NNP 12162 294 54 , , , 12162 294 55 that that RB 12162 294 56 is is RB 12162 294 57 , , , 12162 294 58 within within IN 12162 294 59 the the DT 12162 294 60 _ _ NNP 12162 294 61 civitas civita NNS 12162 294 62 _ _ NNP 12162 294 63 of of IN 12162 294 64 which which WDT 12162 294 65 he -PRON- PRP 12162 294 66 was be VBD 12162 294 67 both both DT 12162 294 68 lord lord NNP 12162 294 69 and and CC 12162 294 70 judge judge NNP 12162 294 71 . . . 12162 295 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 295 2 was be VBD 12162 295 3 through through IN 12162 295 4 him -PRON- PRP 12162 295 5 , , , 12162 295 6 or or CC 12162 295 7 perhaps perhaps RB 12162 295 8 I -PRON- PRP 12162 295 9 should should MD 12162 295 10 say say VB 12162 295 11 chiefly chiefly RB 12162 295 12 through through IN 12162 295 13 him -PRON- PRP 12162 295 14 , , , 12162 295 15 that that IN 12162 295 16 the the DT 12162 295 17 city city NN 12162 295 18 was be VBD 12162 295 19 at at IN 12162 295 20 this this DT 12162 295 21 period period NN 12162 295 22 connected connect VBN 12162 295 23 with with IN 12162 295 24 the the DT 12162 295 25 state state NN 12162 295 26 ; ; : 12162 295 27 and and CC 12162 295 28 it -PRON- PRP 12162 295 29 was be VBD 12162 295 30 principally principally RB 12162 295 31 by by IN 12162 295 32 the the DT 12162 295 33 exercise exercise NN 12162 295 34 of of IN 12162 295 35 the the DT 12162 295 36 functions function NNS 12162 295 37 of of IN 12162 295 38 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 295 39 office office NN 12162 295 40 that that WDT 12162 295 41 the the DT 12162 295 42 city city NN 12162 295 43 formed form VBD 12162 295 44 a a DT 12162 295 45 part part NN 12162 295 46 of of IN 12162 295 47 the the DT 12162 295 48 state state NN 12162 295 49 . . . 12162 296 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 12162 296 2 official official JJ 12162 296 3 residence residence NN 12162 296 4 , , , 12162 296 5 in in IN 12162 296 6 the the DT 12162 296 7 majority majority NN 12162 296 8 of of IN 12162 296 9 cases case NNS 12162 296 10 , , , 12162 296 11 and and CC 12162 296 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 296 13 courts court NNS 12162 296 14 , , , 12162 296 15 were be VBD 12162 296 16 situated situate VBN 12162 296 17 within within IN 12162 296 18 the the DT 12162 296 19 city city NN 12162 296 20 's 's POS 12162 296 21 limits limit NNS 12162 296 22 ; ; : 12162 296 23 thus thus RB 12162 296 24 making make VBG 12162 296 25 the the DT 12162 296 26 official official JJ 12162 296 27 machinery machinery NN 12162 296 28 of of IN 12162 296 29 government government NN 12162 296 30 a a DT 12162 296 31 part part NN 12162 296 32 of of IN 12162 296 33 the the DT 12162 296 34 city city NN 12162 296 35 life life NN 12162 296 36 , , , 12162 296 37 and and CC 12162 296 38 causing cause VBG 12162 296 39 the the DT 12162 296 40 city city NN 12162 296 41 to to TO 12162 296 42 become become VB 12162 296 43 an an DT 12162 296 44 actual actual JJ 12162 296 45 if if IN 12162 296 46 not not RB 12162 296 47 a a DT 12162 296 48 legally legally RB 12162 296 49 recognized recognize VBN 12162 296 50 part part NN 12162 296 51 of of IN 12162 296 52 the the DT 12162 296 53 constitution constitution NN 12162 296 54 of of IN 12162 296 55 the the DT 12162 296 56 state state NN 12162 296 57 . . . 12162 297 1 As as RB 12162 297 2 far far RB 12162 297 3 as as IN 12162 297 4 this this DT 12162 297 5 investigation investigation NN 12162 297 6 is be VBZ 12162 297 7 concerned concern VBN 12162 297 8 , , , 12162 297 9 this this DT 12162 297 10 represents represent VBZ 12162 297 11 the the DT 12162 297 12 prominent prominent JJ 12162 297 13 feature feature NN 12162 297 14 of of IN 12162 297 15 the the DT 12162 297 16 power power NN 12162 297 17 and and CC 12162 297 18 position position NN 12162 297 19 of of IN 12162 297 20 the the DT 12162 297 21 head head NN 12162 297 22 of of IN 12162 297 23 the the DT 12162 297 24 _ _ NNP 12162 297 25 civitas civita NNS 12162 297 26 _ _ NNP 12162 297 27 . . . 12162 298 1 We -PRON- PRP 12162 298 2 must must MD 12162 298 3 be be VB 12162 298 4 careful careful JJ 12162 298 5 , , , 12162 298 6 however however RB 12162 298 7 , , , 12162 298 8 to to TO 12162 298 9 avoid avoid VB 12162 298 10 any any DT 12162 298 11 confusion confusion NN 12162 298 12 of of IN 12162 298 13 ideas idea NNS 12162 298 14 as as IN 12162 298 15 to to IN 12162 298 16 the the DT 12162 298 17 importance importance NN 12162 298 18 which which WDT 12162 298 19 it -PRON- PRP 12162 298 20 gave give VBD 12162 298 21 to to IN 12162 298 22 the the DT 12162 298 23 city city NN 12162 298 24 as as IN 12162 298 25 a a DT 12162 298 26 municipal municipal JJ 12162 298 27 unit unit NN 12162 298 28 or or CC 12162 298 29 as as IN 12162 298 30 a a DT 12162 298 31 corporation corporation NN 12162 298 32 . . . 12162 299 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 299 2 was be VBD 12162 299 3 in in IN 12162 299 4 no no DT 12162 299 5 way way NN 12162 299 6 what what WP 12162 299 7 we -PRON- PRP 12162 299 8 could could MD 12162 299 9 call call VB 12162 299 10 a a DT 12162 299 11 municipal municipal JJ 12162 299 12 government government NN 12162 299 13 , , , 12162 299 14 even even RB 12162 299 15 admitting admit VBG 12162 299 16 a a DT 12162 299 17 rather rather RB 12162 299 18 loose loose JJ 12162 299 19 interpretation interpretation NN 12162 299 20 of of IN 12162 299 21 the the DT 12162 299 22 term term NN 12162 299 23 , , , 12162 299 24 as as IN 12162 299 25 the the DT 12162 299 26 supporters supporter NNS 12162 299 27 of of IN 12162 299 28 the the DT 12162 299 29 theory theory NN 12162 299 30 of of IN 12162 299 31 the the DT 12162 299 32 survival survival NN 12162 299 33 of of IN 12162 299 34 the the DT 12162 299 35 Roman roman JJ 12162 299 36 curial curial JJ 12162 299 37 system system NN 12162 299 38 would would MD 12162 299 39 have have VB 12162 299 40 us -PRON- PRP 12162 299 41 believe believe VB 12162 299 42 . . . 12162 300 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 300 2 22 22 CD 12162 300 3 ] ] -RRB- 12162 300 4 The the DT 12162 300 5 _ _ NNP 12162 300 6 judex judex NN 12162 300 7 _ _ NNP 12162 300 8 may may MD 12162 300 9 be be VB 12162 300 10 called call VBN 12162 300 11 " " `` 12162 300 12 the the DT 12162 300 13 highest high JJS 12162 300 14 municipal municipal JJ 12162 300 15 officer officer NN 12162 300 16 among among IN 12162 300 17 the the DT 12162 300 18 Lombards Lombards NNP 12162 300 19 , , , 12162 300 20 " " '' 12162 300 21 and and CC 12162 300 22 this this DT 12162 300 23 designation designation NN 12162 300 24 still still RB 12162 300 25 be be VB 12162 300 26 correct correct JJ 12162 300 27 , , , 12162 300 28 though though IN 12162 300 29 perhaps perhaps RB 12162 300 30 misleading mislead VBG 12162 300 31 . . . 12162 301 1 He -PRON- PRP 12162 301 2 was be VBD 12162 301 3 the the DT 12162 301 4 highest high JJS 12162 301 5 officer officer NN 12162 301 6 of of IN 12162 301 7 the the DT 12162 301 8 locality locality NN 12162 301 9 , , , 12162 301 10 and and CC 12162 301 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 301 12 official official JJ 12162 301 13 duties duty NNS 12162 301 14 were be VBD 12162 301 15 for for IN 12162 301 16 the the DT 12162 301 17 most most JJS 12162 301 18 part part NN 12162 301 19 carried carry VBN 12162 301 20 on on RP 12162 301 21 within within IN 12162 301 22 the the DT 12162 301 23 city city NN 12162 301 24 ; ; : 12162 301 25 but but CC 12162 301 26 the the DT 12162 301 27 leading lead VBG 12162 301 28 fact fact NN 12162 301 29 we -PRON- PRP 12162 301 30 must must MD 12162 301 31 keep keep VB 12162 301 32 prominently prominently RB 12162 301 33 before before IN 12162 301 34 us -PRON- PRP 12162 301 35 is be VBZ 12162 301 36 , , , 12162 301 37 that that IN 12162 301 38 he -PRON- PRP 12162 301 39 was be VBD 12162 301 40 the the DT 12162 301 41 head head NN 12162 301 42 of of IN 12162 301 43 the the DT 12162 301 44 whole whole JJ 12162 301 45 _ _ NNP 12162 301 46 civitas civita NNS 12162 301 47 _ _ NNP 12162 301 48 , , , 12162 301 49 and and CC 12162 301 50 not not RB 12162 301 51 in in IN 12162 301 52 any any DT 12162 301 53 sense sense NN 12162 301 54 of of IN 12162 301 55 the the DT 12162 301 56 city city NN 12162 301 57 as as IN 12162 301 58 such such JJ 12162 301 59 : : : 12162 301 60 and and CC 12162 301 61 further far RBR 12162 301 62 , , , 12162 301 63 that that IN 12162 301 64 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 301 65 powers power NNS 12162 301 66 over over IN 12162 301 67 the the DT 12162 301 68 rural rural JJ 12162 301 69 portions portion NNS 12162 301 70 of of IN 12162 301 71 the the DT 12162 301 72 _ _ NNP 12162 301 73 civitas civita NNS 12162 301 74 _ _ NNP 12162 301 75 were be VBD 12162 301 76 in in IN 12162 301 77 no no DT 12162 301 78 sense sense NN 12162 301 79 added add VBN 12162 301 80 to to IN 12162 301 81 any any DT 12162 301 82 purely purely RB 12162 301 83 municipal municipal JJ 12162 301 84 powers power NNS 12162 301 85 he -PRON- PRP 12162 301 86 may may MD 12162 301 87 have have VB 12162 301 88 possessed possess VBN 12162 301 89 ; ; : 12162 301 90 but but CC 12162 301 91 , , , 12162 301 92 on on IN 12162 301 93 the the DT 12162 301 94 contrary contrary NN 12162 301 95 , , , 12162 301 96 if if IN 12162 301 97 we -PRON- PRP 12162 301 98 are be VBP 12162 301 99 to to TO 12162 301 100 draw draw VB 12162 301 101 any any DT 12162 301 102 distinctions distinction NNS 12162 301 103 , , , 12162 301 104 the the DT 12162 301 105 municipality municipality NN 12162 301 106 formed form VBD 12162 301 107 a a DT 12162 301 108 part part NN 12162 301 109 of of IN 12162 301 110 the the DT 12162 301 111 land land NN 12162 301 112 division division NN 12162 301 113 . . . 12162 302 1 That that IN 12162 302 2 the the DT 12162 302 3 whole whole JJ 12162 302 4 _ _ NNP 12162 302 5 civitas civita NNS 12162 302 6 _ _ NNP 12162 302 7 was be VBD 12162 302 8 commonly commonly RB 12162 302 9 named name VBN 12162 302 10 after after IN 12162 302 11 the the DT 12162 302 12 largest large JJS 12162 302 13 town town NN 12162 302 14 contained contain VBD 12162 302 15 within within IN 12162 302 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 302 17 borders border NNS 12162 302 18 , , , 12162 302 19 and and CC 12162 302 20 that that IN 12162 302 21 the the DT 12162 302 22 seat seat NN 12162 302 23 of of IN 12162 302 24 power power NN 12162 302 25 was be VBD 12162 302 26 generally generally RB 12162 302 27 placed place VBN 12162 302 28 within within IN 12162 302 29 the the DT 12162 302 30 city city NN 12162 302 31 walls wall NNS 12162 302 32 , , , 12162 302 33 are be VBP 12162 302 34 facts fact NNS 12162 302 35 too too RB 12162 302 36 evidently evidently RB 12162 302 37 brought bring VBN 12162 302 38 about about RP 12162 302 39 by by IN 12162 302 40 motives motive NNS 12162 302 41 of of IN 12162 302 42 convenience convenience NN 12162 302 43 and and CC 12162 302 44 expediency expediency NN 12162 302 45 and and CC 12162 302 46 by by IN 12162 302 47 the the DT 12162 302 48 force force NN 12162 302 49 of of IN 12162 302 50 old old NNP 12162 302 51 association association NNP 12162 302 52 , , , 12162 302 53 to to TO 12162 302 54 lead lead VB 12162 302 55 to to IN 12162 302 56 any any DT 12162 302 57 confusion confusion NN 12162 302 58 in in IN 12162 302 59 appreciating appreciate VBG 12162 302 60 the the DT 12162 302 61 proper proper JJ 12162 302 62 place place NN 12162 302 63 of of IN 12162 302 64 the the DT 12162 302 65 city city NN 12162 302 66 . . . 12162 303 1 Where where WRB 12162 303 2 there there EX 12162 303 3 were be VBD 12162 303 4 to to TO 12162 303 5 be be VB 12162 303 6 found find VBN 12162 303 7 buildings building NNS 12162 303 8 suitable suitable JJ 12162 303 9 for for IN 12162 303 10 the the DT 12162 303 11 residence residence NN 12162 303 12 of of IN 12162 303 13 the the DT 12162 303 14 _ _ NNP 12162 303 15 dux dux NN 12162 303 16 _ _ NNP 12162 303 17 , , , 12162 303 18 and and CC 12162 303 19 where where WRB 12162 303 20 was be VBD 12162 303 21 located locate VBN 12162 303 22 the the DT 12162 303 23 largest large JJS 12162 303 24 collection collection NN 12162 303 25 of of IN 12162 303 26 individuals individual NNS 12162 303 27 , , , 12162 303 28 was be VBD 12162 303 29 manifestly manifestly RB 12162 303 30 the the DT 12162 303 31 most most RBS 12162 303 32 appropriate appropriate JJ 12162 303 33 place place NN 12162 303 34 for for IN 12162 303 35 holding hold VBG 12162 303 36 the the DT 12162 303 37 courts court NNS 12162 303 38 and and CC 12162 303 39 settling settle VBG 12162 303 40 the the DT 12162 303 41 disputes dispute NNS 12162 303 42 of of IN 12162 303 43 the the DT 12162 303 44 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 12162 303 45 of of IN 12162 303 46 the the DT 12162 303 47 whole whole JJ 12162 303 48 _ _ NNP 12162 303 49 civitas civita NNS 12162 303 50 _ _ NNP 12162 303 51 , , , 12162 303 52 and and CC 12162 303 53 this this DT 12162 303 54 formed form VBD 12162 303 55 a a DT 12162 303 56 natural natural JJ 12162 303 57 centre centre NN 12162 303 58 for for IN 12162 303 59 the the DT 12162 303 60 machinery machinery NN 12162 303 61 of of IN 12162 303 62 government government NN 12162 303 63 . . . 12162 304 1 But but CC 12162 304 2 every every DT 12162 304 3 inhabitant inhabitant NN 12162 304 4 of of IN 12162 304 5 the the DT 12162 304 6 _ _ NNP 12162 304 7 civitas civita NNS 12162 304 8 _ _ NNP 12162 304 9 had have VBD 12162 304 10 equal equal JJ 12162 304 11 rights right NNS 12162 304 12 with with IN 12162 304 13 the the DT 12162 304 14 townsman townsman NNP 12162 304 15 proper proper JJ 12162 304 16 , , , 12162 304 17 and and CC 12162 304 18 , , , 12162 304 19 as as IN 12162 304 20 in in IN 12162 304 21 the the DT 12162 304 22 old old JJ 12162 304 23 Greek greek JJ 12162 304 24 [ [ -LRB- 12162 304 25 Greek Greek NNP 12162 304 26 : : : 12162 304 27 polis polis NNP 12162 304 28 ] ] -RRB- 12162 304 29 , , , 12162 304 30 the the DT 12162 304 31 most most RBS 12162 304 32 remote remote JJ 12162 304 33 countryman countryman NN 12162 304 34 dwelling dwell VBG 12162 304 35 on on IN 12162 304 36 the the DT 12162 304 37 borders border NNS 12162 304 38 of of IN 12162 304 39 the the DT 12162 304 40 _ _ NNP 12162 304 41 civitas civita NNS 12162 304 42 _ _ NNP 12162 304 43 , , , 12162 304 44 if if IN 12162 304 45 he -PRON- PRP 12162 304 46 possessed possess VBD 12162 304 47 the the DT 12162 304 48 franchise franchise NN 12162 304 49 , , , 12162 304 50 was be VBD 12162 304 51 as as RB 12162 304 52 much much JJ 12162 304 53 a a DT 12162 304 54 citizen citizen NN 12162 304 55 of of IN 12162 304 56 Padua Padua NNP 12162 304 57 , , , 12162 304 58 Siena Siena NNP 12162 304 59 or or CC 12162 304 60 Milan Milan NNP 12162 304 61 , , , 12162 304 62 as as IN 12162 304 63 if if IN 12162 304 64 he -PRON- PRP 12162 304 65 dwelt dwell VBD 12162 304 66 within within IN 12162 304 67 the the DT 12162 304 68 walls wall NNS 12162 304 69 of of IN 12162 304 70 the the DT 12162 304 71 city city NN 12162 304 72 which which WDT 12162 304 73 gave give VBD 12162 304 74 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 304 75 name name NN 12162 304 76 to to IN 12162 304 77 the the DT 12162 304 78 whole whole JJ 12162 304 79 _ _ NNP 12162 304 80 civitas civita NNS 12162 304 81 _ _ NNP 12162 304 82 . . . 12162 305 1 A a DT 12162 305 2 consideration consideration NN 12162 305 3 of of IN 12162 305 4 these these DT 12162 305 5 facts fact NNS 12162 305 6 brings bring VBZ 12162 305 7 out out RP 12162 305 8 two two CD 12162 305 9 important important JJ 12162 305 10 points point NNS 12162 305 11 , , , 12162 305 12 which which WDT 12162 305 13 I -PRON- PRP 12162 305 14 will will MD 12162 305 15 briefly briefly RB 12162 305 16 indicate indicate VB 12162 305 17 before before IN 12162 305 18 passing pass VBG 12162 305 19 on on RP 12162 305 20 to to IN 12162 305 21 a a DT 12162 305 22 little little RB 12162 305 23 more more RBR 12162 305 24 detailed detailed JJ 12162 305 25 treatment treatment NN 12162 305 26 of of IN 12162 305 27 the the DT 12162 305 28 powers power NNS 12162 305 29 and and CC 12162 305 30 the the DT 12162 305 31 duties duty NNS 12162 305 32 of of IN 12162 305 33 the the DT 12162 305 34 _ _ NNP 12162 305 35 judex judex NN 12162 305 36 _ _ NNP 12162 305 37 . . . 12162 306 1 In in IN 12162 306 2 the the DT 12162 306 3 first first JJ 12162 306 4 place place NN 12162 306 5 it -PRON- PRP 12162 306 6 has have VBZ 12162 306 7 been be VBN 12162 306 8 made make VBN 12162 306 9 clear clear JJ 12162 306 10 that that IN 12162 306 11 at at IN 12162 306 12 the the DT 12162 306 13 time time NN 12162 306 14 under under IN 12162 306 15 discussion discussion NN 12162 306 16 nothing nothing NN 12162 306 17 that that WDT 12162 306 18 could could MD 12162 306 19 correctly correctly RB 12162 306 20 be be VB 12162 306 21 called call VBN 12162 306 22 a a DT 12162 306 23 " " `` 12162 306 24 municipal municipal JJ 12162 306 25 system system NN 12162 306 26 " " '' 12162 306 27 existed exist VBD 12162 306 28 in in IN 12162 306 29 Lombardy Lombardy NNP 12162 306 30 , , , 12162 306 31 and and CC 12162 306 32 the the DT 12162 306 33 city city NN 12162 306 34 , , , 12162 306 35 _ _ NNP 12162 306 36 as as IN 12162 306 37 such such JJ 12162 306 38 _ _ NNP 12162 306 39 , , , 12162 306 40 had have VBD 12162 306 41 no no DT 12162 306 42 independent independent JJ 12162 306 43 existence existence NN 12162 306 44 or or CC 12162 306 45 independent independent JJ 12162 306 46 relations relation NNS 12162 306 47 with with IN 12162 306 48 the the DT 12162 306 49 state state NN 12162 306 50 . . . 12162 307 1 And and CC 12162 307 2 secondly secondly RB 12162 307 3 , , , 12162 307 4 it -PRON- PRP 12162 307 5 can can MD 12162 307 6 not not RB 12162 307 7 but but CC 12162 307 8 be be VB 12162 307 9 manifest manifest JJ 12162 307 10 that that IN 12162 307 11 the the DT 12162 307 12 position position NN 12162 307 13 that that IN 12162 307 14 the the DT 12162 307 15 city city NN 12162 307 16 did do VBD 12162 307 17 occupy occupy VB 12162 307 18 as as IN 12162 307 19 actual actual JJ 12162 307 20 , , , 12162 307 21 if if IN 12162 307 22 not not RB 12162 307 23 necessarily necessarily RB 12162 307 24 as as RB 12162 307 25 legal legal JJ 12162 307 26 , , , 12162 307 27 centre centre NN 12162 307 28 from from IN 12162 307 29 which which WDT 12162 307 30 issued issue VBD 12162 307 31 all all PDT 12162 307 32 the the DT 12162 307 33 administrative administrative JJ 12162 307 34 functions function NNS 12162 307 35 of of IN 12162 307 36 the the DT 12162 307 37 district district NN 12162 307 38 , , , 12162 307 39 the the DT 12162 307 40 residence residence NN 12162 307 41 of of IN 12162 307 42 the the DT 12162 307 43 chief chief JJ 12162 307 44 authority authority NN 12162 307 45 and and CC 12162 307 46 the the DT 12162 307 47 seat seat NN 12162 307 48 of of IN 12162 307 49 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 307 50 courts court NNS 12162 307 51 , , , 12162 307 52 would would MD 12162 307 53 have have VB 12162 307 54 a a DT 12162 307 55 marked marked JJ 12162 307 56 tendency tendency NN 12162 307 57 to to TO 12162 307 58 increase increase VB 12162 307 59 slowly slowly RB 12162 307 60 , , , 12162 307 61 perhaps perhaps RB 12162 307 62 imperceptibly imperceptibly RB 12162 307 63 at at IN 12162 307 64 first first RB 12162 307 65 , , , 12162 307 66 the the DT 12162 307 67 importance importance NN 12162 307 68 of of IN 12162 307 69 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 307 70 position position NN 12162 307 71 at at IN 12162 307 72 once once RB 12162 307 73 in in IN 12162 307 74 the the DT 12162 307 75 _ _ NNP 12162 307 76 civitas civita NNS 12162 307 77 _ _ NNP 12162 307 78 and and CC 12162 307 79 in in IN 12162 307 80 the the DT 12162 307 81 state state NN 12162 307 82 , , , 12162 307 83 and and CC 12162 307 84 at at IN 12162 307 85 the the DT 12162 307 86 same same JJ 12162 307 87 time time NN 12162 307 88 to to TO 12162 307 89 improve improve VB 12162 307 90 the the DT 12162 307 91 character character NN 12162 307 92 of of IN 12162 307 93 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 307 94 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 12162 307 95 and and CC 12162 307 96 in in IN 12162 307 97 time time NN 12162 307 98 increase increase VB 12162 307 99 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 307 100 wealth wealth NN 12162 307 101 . . . 12162 308 1 That that IN 12162 308 2 this this DT 12162 308 3 ultimately ultimately RB 12162 308 4 came come VBD 12162 308 5 about about IN 12162 308 6 the the DT 12162 308 7 development development NN 12162 308 8 of of IN 12162 308 9 the the DT 12162 308 10 later later RB 12162 308 11 independent independent JJ 12162 308 12 communal communal JJ 12162 308 13 life life NN 12162 308 14 is be VBZ 12162 308 15 a a DT 12162 308 16 proof proof NN 12162 308 17 , , , 12162 308 18 and and CC 12162 308 19 the the DT 12162 308 20 tardy tardy JJ 12162 308 21 steps step NNS 12162 308 22 by by IN 12162 308 23 which which WDT 12162 308 24 this this DT 12162 308 25 was be VBD 12162 308 26 attained attain VBN 12162 308 27 but but CC 12162 308 28 serve serve VB 12162 308 29 to to TO 12162 308 30 show show VB 12162 308 31 the the DT 12162 308 32 difficulties difficulty NNS 12162 308 33 consequent consequent NN 12162 308 34 on on IN 12162 308 35 so so RB 12162 308 36 slight slight JJ 12162 308 37 and and CC 12162 308 38 so so RB 12162 308 39 feeble feeble JJ 12162 308 40 a a DT 12162 308 41 beginning beginning NN 12162 308 42 . . . 12162 309 1 The the DT 12162 309 2 obscurity obscurity NN 12162 309 3 which which WDT 12162 309 4 promptly promptly RB 12162 309 5 descends descend VBZ 12162 309 6 on on IN 12162 309 7 the the DT 12162 309 8 brain brain NN 12162 309 9 of of IN 12162 309 10 the the DT 12162 309 11 intelligent intelligent JJ 12162 309 12 reader reader NN 12162 309 13 who who WP 12162 309 14 endeavors endeavor VBZ 12162 309 15 to to TO 12162 309 16 gain gain VB 12162 309 17 a a DT 12162 309 18 clear clear JJ 12162 309 19 idea idea NN 12162 309 20 of of IN 12162 309 21 the the DT 12162 309 22 state state NN 12162 309 23 of of IN 12162 309 24 society society NN 12162 309 25 or or CC 12162 309 26 of of IN 12162 309 27 the the DT 12162 309 28 administration administration NN 12162 309 29 of of IN 12162 309 30 government government NN 12162 309 31 in in IN 12162 309 32 these these DT 12162 309 33 early early JJ 12162 309 34 ages age NNS 12162 309 35 of of IN 12162 309 36 Italian italian JJ 12162 309 37 history history NN 12162 309 38 , , , 12162 309 39 makes make VBZ 12162 309 40 the the DT 12162 309 41 careful careful JJ 12162 309 42 student student NN 12162 309 43 very very RB 12162 309 44 skeptical skeptical JJ 12162 309 45 of of IN 12162 309 46 any any DT 12162 309 47 precise precise JJ 12162 309 48 presentation presentation NN 12162 309 49 he -PRON- PRP 12162 309 50 may may MD 12162 309 51 find find VB 12162 309 52 of of IN 12162 309 53 them -PRON- PRP 12162 309 54 , , , 12162 309 55 and and CC 12162 309 56 causes cause VBZ 12162 309 57 him -PRON- PRP 12162 309 58 to to TO 12162 309 59 be be VB 12162 309 60 particularly particularly RB 12162 309 61 cautious cautious JJ 12162 309 62 and and CC 12162 309 63 proportionately proportionately RB 12162 309 64 diffident diffident NN 12162 309 65 in in IN 12162 309 66 making make VBG 12162 309 67 , , , 12162 309 68 himself -PRON- PRP 12162 309 69 , , , 12162 309 70 any any DT 12162 309 71 very very RB 12162 309 72 definite definite JJ 12162 309 73 statements statement NNS 12162 309 74 concerning concern VBG 12162 309 75 them -PRON- PRP 12162 309 76 . . . 12162 310 1 If if IN 12162 310 2 he -PRON- PRP 12162 310 3 be be VB 12162 310 4 a a DT 12162 310 5 wise wise JJ 12162 310 6 man man NN 12162 310 7 and and CC 12162 310 8 wish wish VB 12162 310 9 to to TO 12162 310 10 make make VB 12162 310 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 310 12 investigation investigation NN 12162 310 13 of of IN 12162 310 14 some some DT 12162 310 15 use use NN 12162 310 16 to to IN 12162 310 17 others other NNS 12162 310 18 , , , 12162 310 19 he -PRON- PRP 12162 310 20 frequently frequently RB 12162 310 21 says say VBZ 12162 310 22 " " `` 12162 310 23 it -PRON- PRP 12162 310 24 seems seem VBZ 12162 310 25 probable probable JJ 12162 310 26 , , , 12162 310 27 " " '' 12162 310 28 and and CC 12162 310 29 he -PRON- PRP 12162 310 30 particularly particularly RB 12162 310 31 avoids avoid VBZ 12162 310 32 mentioning mentioning NN 12162 310 33 dates date NNS 12162 310 34 which which WDT 12162 310 35 are be VBP 12162 310 36 fixed fix VBN 12162 310 37 and and CC 12162 310 38 immovable immovable JJ 12162 310 39 . . . 12162 311 1 If if IN 12162 311 2 this this DT 12162 311 3 may may MD 12162 311 4 be be VB 12162 311 5 said say VBN 12162 311 6 of of IN 12162 311 7 all all DT 12162 311 8 matters matter NNS 12162 311 9 not not RB 12162 311 10 belonging belong VBG 12162 311 11 simply simply RB 12162 311 12 to to IN 12162 311 13 the the DT 12162 311 14 narrative narrative JJ 12162 311 15 portions portion NNS 12162 311 16 of of IN 12162 311 17 history history NN 12162 311 18 at at IN 12162 311 19 this this DT 12162 311 20 period period NN 12162 311 21 , , , 12162 311 22 particularly particularly RB 12162 311 23 true true JJ 12162 311 24 is be VBZ 12162 311 25 it -PRON- PRP 12162 311 26 of of IN 12162 311 27 the the DT 12162 311 28 different different JJ 12162 311 29 functions function NNS 12162 311 30 attributed attribute VBN 12162 311 31 to to IN 12162 311 32 various various JJ 12162 311 33 officers officer NNS 12162 311 34 of of IN 12162 311 35 local local JJ 12162 311 36 government government NN 12162 311 37 , , , 12162 311 38 whose whose WP$ 12162 311 39 very very RB 12162 311 40 titles title NNS 12162 311 41 we -PRON- PRP 12162 311 42 sometimes sometimes RB 12162 311 43 have have VBP 12162 311 44 to to TO 12162 311 45 infer infer VB 12162 311 46 from from IN 12162 311 47 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 311 48 duties duty NNS 12162 311 49 , , , 12162 311 50 and and CC 12162 311 51 whose whose WP$ 12162 311 52 duties duty NNS 12162 311 53 we -PRON- PRP 12162 311 54 often often RB 12162 311 55 have have VBP 12162 311 56 to to TO 12162 311 57 infer infer VB 12162 311 58 from from IN 12162 311 59 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 311 60 titles title NNS 12162 311 61 . . . 12162 312 1 To to IN 12162 312 2 these these DT 12162 312 3 the the DT 12162 312 4 _ _ NNP 12162 312 5 judex judex NN 12162 312 6 _ _ NNP 12162 312 7 , , , 12162 312 8 though though IN 12162 312 9 the the DT 12162 312 10 most most RBS 12162 312 11 prominent prominent JJ 12162 312 12 , , , 12162 312 13 can can MD 12162 312 14 not not RB 12162 312 15 be be VB 12162 312 16 said say VBN 12162 312 17 to to TO 12162 312 18 form form VB 12162 312 19 an an DT 12162 312 20 exception exception NN 12162 312 21 . . . 12162 313 1 That that IN 12162 313 2 he -PRON- PRP 12162 313 3 was be VBD 12162 313 4 the the DT 12162 313 5 head head NN 12162 313 6 of of IN 12162 313 7 the the DT 12162 313 8 district district NN 12162 313 9 judicial judicial JJ 12162 313 10 system system NN 12162 313 11 has have VBZ 12162 313 12 in in IN 12162 313 13 part part NN 12162 313 14 been be VBN 12162 313 15 already already RB 12162 313 16 shown show VBN 12162 313 17 , , , 12162 313 18 and and CC 12162 313 19 will will MD 12162 313 20 come come VB 12162 313 21 out out RP 12162 313 22 more more RBR 12162 313 23 clearly clearly RB 12162 313 24 when when WRB 12162 313 25 we -PRON- PRP 12162 313 26 come come VBP 12162 313 27 to to TO 12162 313 28 define define VB 12162 313 29 the the DT 12162 313 30 powers power NNS 12162 313 31 of of IN 12162 313 32 some some DT 12162 313 33 of of IN 12162 313 34 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 313 35 subordinates subordinate NNS 12162 313 36 . . . 12162 314 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 12162 314 2 leadership leadership NN 12162 314 3 in in IN 12162 314 4 war war NN 12162 314 5 we -PRON- PRP 12162 314 6 have have VBP 12162 314 7 seen see VBN 12162 314 8 to to TO 12162 314 9 be be VB 12162 314 10 but but CC 12162 314 11 the the DT 12162 314 12 natural natural JJ 12162 314 13 continuance continuance NN 12162 314 14 of of IN 12162 314 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 314 16 original original JJ 12162 314 17 office office NN 12162 314 18 ; ; : 12162 314 19 and and CC 12162 314 20 that that IN 12162 314 21 as as IN 12162 314 22 _ _ NNP 12162 314 23 dux dux NN 12162 314 24 _ _ NNP 12162 314 25 he -PRON- PRP 12162 314 26 was be VBD 12162 314 27 to to TO 12162 314 28 be be VB 12162 314 29 ranked rank VBN 12162 314 30 among among IN 12162 314 31 the the DT 12162 314 32 first first JJ 12162 314 33 nobles noble NNS 12162 314 34 of of IN 12162 314 35 the the DT 12162 314 36 land land NN 12162 314 37 , , , 12162 314 38 the the DT 12162 314 39 " " `` 12162 314 40 optimates optimate NNS 12162 314 41 , , , 12162 314 42 " " '' 12162 314 43 the the DT 12162 314 44 " " `` 12162 314 45 viri viri NN 12162 314 46 illustres illustre NNS 12162 314 47 , , , 12162 314 48 " " `` 12162 314 49 we -PRON- PRP 12162 314 50 can can MD 12162 314 51 see see VB 12162 314 52 from from IN 12162 314 53 the the DT 12162 314 54 following follow VBG 12162 314 55 passage passage NN 12162 314 56 in in IN 12162 314 57 the the DT 12162 314 58 laws law NNS 12162 314 59 of of IN 12162 314 60 Liutprand Liutprand NNP 12162 314 61 , , , 12162 314 62 when when WRB 12162 314 63 in in IN 12162 314 64 the the DT 12162 314 65 prologue prologue NN 12162 314 66 to to IN 12162 314 67 the the DT 12162 314 68 third third JJ 12162 314 69 book book NN 12162 314 70 already already RB 12162 314 71 quoted quote VBN 12162 314 72 , , , 12162 314 73 he -PRON- PRP 12162 314 74 gives give VBZ 12162 314 75 forth forth RB 12162 314 76 the the DT 12162 314 77 edict edict NN 12162 314 78 with with IN 12162 314 79 the the DT 12162 314 80 judges judge NNS 12162 314 81 as as IN 12162 314 82 " " `` 12162 314 83 una una NNP 12162 314 84 cum cum NNP 12162 314 85 illustribus illustribus NNP 12162 314 86 viris viris NNP 12162 314 87 optimatibus optimatibus NNP 12162 314 88 meis meis NNP 12162 314 89 ex ex NNP 12162 314 90 Neustriae Neustriae NNP 12162 314 91 et et NNP 12162 314 92 Austriae Austriae NNP 12162 314 93 et et FW 12162 314 94 Tusciae Tusciae NNP 12162 314 95 partibus partibus VBP 12162 314 96 vel vel NNP 12162 314 97 universis universis NN 12162 314 98 nobilibus nobilibus NN 12162 314 99 Langobardis Langobardis NNP 12162 314 100 . . . 12162 315 1 " " `` 12162 315 2 [ [ -LRB- 12162 315 3 23 23 CD 12162 315 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 315 5 Although although IN 12162 315 6 the the DT 12162 315 7 position position NN 12162 315 8 of of IN 12162 315 9 the the DT 12162 315 10 _ _ NNP 12162 315 11 duces duce NNS 12162 315 12 _ _ NNP 12162 315 13 as as IN 12162 315 14 nobles noble NNS 12162 315 15 of of IN 12162 315 16 the the DT 12162 315 17 land land NN 12162 315 18 never never RB 12162 315 19 altered alter VBD 12162 315 20 , , , 12162 315 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 315 22 power power NN 12162 315 23 relative relative JJ 12162 315 24 to to IN 12162 315 25 that that DT 12162 315 26 of of IN 12162 315 27 the the DT 12162 315 28 king king NN 12162 315 29 suffered suffer VBD 12162 315 30 many many JJ 12162 315 31 modifications modification NNS 12162 315 32 . . . 12162 316 1 The the DT 12162 316 2 ducal ducal JJ 12162 316 3 power--"principes power--"principes NN 12162 316 4 " " '' 12162 316 5 of of IN 12162 316 6 Tacitus Tacitus NNP 12162 316 7 -- -- : 12162 316 8 preceding precede VBG 12162 316 9 among among IN 12162 316 10 the the DT 12162 316 11 Lombards Lombards NNPS 12162 316 12 that that DT 12162 316 13 of of IN 12162 316 14 the the DT 12162 316 15 king king NN 12162 316 16 , , , 12162 316 17 we -PRON- PRP 12162 316 18 see see VBP 12162 316 19 the the DT 12162 316 20 dukes duke NNS 12162 316 21 exercising exercise VBG 12162 316 22 much much RB 12162 316 23 greater great JJR 12162 316 24 control control NN 12162 316 25 in in IN 12162 316 26 the the DT 12162 316 27 earlier early JJR 12162 316 28 stages stage NNS 12162 316 29 of of IN 12162 316 30 the the DT 12162 316 31 monarchy monarchy NN 12162 316 32 : : : 12162 316 33 even even RB 12162 316 34 , , , 12162 316 35 on on IN 12162 316 36 the the DT 12162 316 37 death death NN 12162 316 38 of of IN 12162 316 39 Clefis--576 Clefis--576 NNP 12162 316 40 - - HYPH 12162 316 41 -actually -actually RB 12162 316 42 establishing establish VBG 12162 316 43 a a DT 12162 316 44 sort sort NN 12162 316 45 of of IN 12162 316 46 aristocratic aristocratic JJ 12162 316 47 republic republic NN 12162 316 48 , , , 12162 316 49 under under IN 12162 316 50 the the DT 12162 316 51 leadership leadership NN 12162 316 52 of of IN 12162 316 53 thirty thirty CD 12162 316 54 dukes duke NNS 12162 316 55 , , , 12162 316 56 which which WDT 12162 316 57 lasted last VBD 12162 316 58 for for IN 12162 316 59 ten ten CD 12162 316 60 years year NNS 12162 316 61 ; ; : 12162 316 62 after after IN 12162 316 63 which which WDT 12162 316 64 time time NN 12162 316 65 , , , 12162 316 66 on on IN 12162 316 67 the the DT 12162 316 68 event event NN 12162 316 69 of of IN 12162 316 70 a a DT 12162 316 71 dangerous dangerous JJ 12162 316 72 war war NN 12162 316 73 with with IN 12162 316 74 the the DT 12162 316 75 Greeks Greeks NNPS 12162 316 76 and and CC 12162 316 77 the the DT 12162 316 78 Franks Franks NNPS 12162 316 79 , , , 12162 316 80 Authari Authari NNP 12162 316 81 , , , 12162 316 82 the the DT 12162 316 83 son son NN 12162 316 84 of of IN 12162 316 85 Clefis Clefis NNP 12162 316 86 , , , 12162 316 87 gained gain VBD 12162 316 88 the the DT 12162 316 89 throne throne NN 12162 316 90 by by IN 12162 316 91 election election NN 12162 316 92 ; ; : 12162 316 93 the the DT 12162 316 94 dukes duke NNS 12162 316 95 giving give VBG 12162 316 96 up up RP 12162 316 97 to to IN 12162 316 98 him -PRON- PRP 12162 316 99 , , , 12162 316 100 says say VBZ 12162 316 101 Paulus Paulus NNP 12162 316 102 Diaconus,[24 Diaconus,[24 NNP 12162 316 103 ] ] -RRB- 12162 316 104 the the DT 12162 316 105 half half NN 12162 316 106 of of IN 12162 316 107 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 316 108 estates estate NNS 12162 316 109 for for IN 12162 316 110 the the DT 12162 316 111 support support NN 12162 316 112 of of IN 12162 316 113 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 316 114 dignity dignity NN 12162 316 115 , , , 12162 316 116 retaining retain VBG 12162 316 117 , , , 12162 316 118 however however RB 12162 316 119 , , , 12162 316 120 the the DT 12162 316 121 rest rest NN 12162 316 122 , , , 12162 316 123 not not RB 12162 316 124 as as IN 12162 316 125 servants servant NNS 12162 316 126 of of IN 12162 316 127 the the DT 12162 316 128 king king NN 12162 316 129 , , , 12162 316 130 but but CC 12162 316 131 as as IN 12162 316 132 " " `` 12162 316 133 principes principe NNS 12162 316 134 " " '' 12162 316 135 of of IN 12162 316 136 the the DT 12162 316 137 people people NNS 12162 316 138 , , , 12162 316 139 an an DT 12162 316 140 important important JJ 12162 316 141 distinction distinction NN 12162 316 142 . . . 12162 317 1 Agiluf--591 Agiluf--591 VBZ 12162 317 2 to to IN 12162 317 3 615 615 CD 12162 317 4 - - HYPH 12162 317 5 -originally -originally JJ 12162 317 6 duke duke NN 12162 317 7 of of IN 12162 317 8 Turin Turin NNP 12162 317 9 , , , 12162 317 10 met meet VBD 12162 317 11 with with IN 12162 317 12 much much JJ 12162 317 13 opposition opposition NN 12162 317 14 from from IN 12162 317 15 the the DT 12162 317 16 power power NN 12162 317 17 of of IN 12162 317 18 the the DT 12162 317 19 dukes duke NNS 12162 317 20 ; ; : 12162 317 21 but but CC 12162 317 22 when when WRB 12162 317 23 we -PRON- PRP 12162 317 24 come come VBP 12162 317 25 to to IN 12162 317 26 the the DT 12162 317 27 time time NN 12162 317 28 of of IN 12162 317 29 Rhotari--636 Rhotari--636 NNP 12162 317 30 to to IN 12162 317 31 652 652 CD 12162 317 32 - - HYPH 12162 317 33 -we -we NN 12162 317 34 find find VB 12162 317 35 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 317 36 power power NN 12162 317 37 already already RB 12162 317 38 declining decline VBG 12162 317 39 , , , 12162 317 40 and and CC 12162 317 41 in in IN 12162 317 42 the the DT 12162 317 43 eighth eighth JJ 12162 317 44 century century NN 12162 317 45 , , , 12162 317 46 as as IN 12162 317 47 for for IN 12162 317 48 example example NN 12162 317 49 under under IN 12162 317 50 Liutprand--712 Liutprand--712 NNP 12162 317 51 to to IN 12162 317 52 736 736 CD 12162 317 53 - - HYPH 12162 317 54 -the -the RP 12162 317 55 laws law NNS 12162 317 56 show show VBP 12162 317 57 them -PRON- PRP 12162 317 58 reduced reduce VBN 12162 317 59 to to IN 12162 317 60 the the DT 12162 317 61 position position NN 12162 317 62 of of IN 12162 317 63 the the DT 12162 317 64 other other JJ 12162 317 65 _ _ NNP 12162 317 66 judices judice NNS 12162 317 67 _ _ NNP 12162 317 68 , , , 12162 317 69 but but CC 12162 317 70 still still RB 12162 317 71 representing represent VBG 12162 317 72 a a DT 12162 317 73 high high JJ 12162 317 74 aristocracy aristocracy NN 12162 317 75 whose whose WP$ 12162 317 76 consent consent NN 12162 317 77 was be VBD 12162 317 78 , , , 12162 317 79 as as IN 12162 317 80 we -PRON- PRP 12162 317 81 have have VBP 12162 317 82 seen see VBN 12162 317 83 , , , 12162 317 84 necessary necessary JJ 12162 317 85 to to IN 12162 317 86 all all DT 12162 317 87 acts act NNS 12162 317 88 of of IN 12162 317 89 the the DT 12162 317 90 king king NN 12162 317 91 . . . 12162 318 1 The the DT 12162 318 2 most most RBS 12162 318 3 important important JJ 12162 318 4 of of IN 12162 318 5 the the DT 12162 318 6 functions function NNS 12162 318 7 of of IN 12162 318 8 the the DT 12162 318 9 _ _ NNP 12162 318 10 dux dux NN 12162 318 11 _ _ NNP 12162 318 12 as as IN 12162 318 13 _ _ NNP 12162 318 14 judex judex NNP 12162 318 15 _ _ NNP 12162 318 16 was be VBD 12162 318 17 holding hold VBG 12162 318 18 the the DT 12162 318 19 _ _ NNP 12162 318 20 Curtis Curtis NNP 12162 318 21 Regia Regia NNP 12162 318 22 _ _ NNP 12162 318 23 or or CC 12162 318 24 _ _ NNP 12162 318 25 Curtis Curtis NNP 12162 318 26 Ducalis Ducalis NNP 12162 318 27 _ _ NNP 12162 318 28 , , , 12162 318 29 in in IN 12162 318 30 the the DT 12162 318 31 largest large JJS 12162 318 32 city city NN 12162 318 33 or or CC 12162 318 34 " " `` 12162 318 35 urbs urb VBZ 12162 318 36 " " '' 12162 318 37 of of IN 12162 318 38 every every DT 12162 318 39 _ _ NNP 12162 318 40 civitas civitas NN 12162 318 41 _ _ NNP 12162 318 42 . . . 12162 319 1 Here here RB 12162 319 2 , , , 12162 319 3 in in IN 12162 319 4 conjunction conjunction NN 12162 319 5 with with IN 12162 319 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 319 7 subordinates subordinate NNS 12162 319 8 , , , 12162 319 9 he -PRON- PRP 12162 319 10 heard hear VBD 12162 319 11 all all DT 12162 319 12 cases case NNS 12162 319 13 which which WDT 12162 319 14 did do VBD 12162 319 15 not not RB 12162 319 16 go go VB 12162 319 17 up up RP 12162 319 18 to to IN 12162 319 19 the the DT 12162 319 20 king king NN 12162 319 21 for for IN 12162 319 22 judgment judgment NN 12162 319 23 , , , 12162 319 24 and and CC 12162 319 25 here here RB 12162 319 26 was be VBD 12162 319 27 centered center VBN 12162 319 28 the the DT 12162 319 29 fiscal fiscal JJ 12162 319 30 administration administration NN 12162 319 31 of of IN 12162 319 32 the the DT 12162 319 33 _ _ NNP 12162 319 34 civitas civita NNS 12162 319 35 _ _ NNP 12162 319 36 . . . 12162 320 1 To to TO 12162 320 2 describe describe VB 12162 320 3 in in IN 12162 320 4 detail detail NN 12162 320 5 the the DT 12162 320 6 composition composition NN 12162 320 7 of of IN 12162 320 8 these these DT 12162 320 9 _ _ NNP 12162 320 10 curtes curte VBZ 12162 320 11 _ _ NNP 12162 320 12 , , , 12162 320 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 320 14 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 320 15 and and CC 12162 320 16 methods method NNS 12162 320 17 of of IN 12162 320 18 procedure procedure NN 12162 320 19 , , , 12162 320 20 would would MD 12162 320 21 require require VB 12162 320 22 a a DT 12162 320 23 whole whole JJ 12162 320 24 chapter chapter NN 12162 320 25 of of IN 12162 320 26 no no DT 12162 320 27 mean mean JJ 12162 320 28 proportions proportion NNS 12162 320 29 , , , 12162 320 30 and and CC 12162 320 31 however however RB 12162 320 32 interesting interesting JJ 12162 320 33 in in IN 12162 320 34 itself -PRON- PRP 12162 320 35 , , , 12162 320 36 would would MD 12162 320 37 be be VB 12162 320 38 out out IN 12162 320 39 of of IN 12162 320 40 place place NN 12162 320 41 in in IN 12162 320 42 the the DT 12162 320 43 present present JJ 12162 320 44 investigation investigation NN 12162 320 45 . . . 12162 321 1 All all DT 12162 321 2 that that WDT 12162 321 3 it -PRON- PRP 12162 321 4 is be VBZ 12162 321 5 needful needful JJ 12162 321 6 for for IN 12162 321 7 us -PRON- PRP 12162 321 8 to to TO 12162 321 9 consider consider VB 12162 321 10 is be VBZ 12162 321 11 the the DT 12162 321 12 relation relation NN 12162 321 13 of of IN 12162 321 14 these these DT 12162 321 15 _ _ NNP 12162 321 16 curtes curte VBZ 12162 321 17 _ _ NNP 12162 321 18 to to IN 12162 321 19 the the DT 12162 321 20 municipalities municipality NNS 12162 321 21 in in IN 12162 321 22 which which WDT 12162 321 23 they -PRON- PRP 12162 321 24 were be VBD 12162 321 25 located locate VBN 12162 321 26 . . . 12162 322 1 Of of IN 12162 322 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 322 3 location location NN 12162 322 4 within within IN 12162 322 5 the the DT 12162 322 6 city city NN 12162 322 7 walls wall VBZ 12162 322 8 the the DT 12162 322 9 proofs proof NNS 12162 322 10 to to TO 12162 322 11 be be VB 12162 322 12 found find VBN 12162 322 13 in in IN 12162 322 14 numbers number NNS 12162 322 15 of of IN 12162 322 16 the the DT 12162 322 17 old old JJ 12162 322 18 documents document NNS 12162 322 19 are be VBP 12162 322 20 to to IN 12162 322 21 me -PRON- PRP 12162 322 22 conclusive conclusive JJ 12162 322 23 . . . 12162 323 1 I -PRON- PRP 12162 323 2 will will MD 12162 323 3 give give VB 12162 323 4 a a DT 12162 323 5 few few JJ 12162 323 6 examples example NNS 12162 323 7 , , , 12162 323 8 however however RB 12162 323 9 , , , 12162 323 10 commencing commence VBG 12162 323 11 with with IN 12162 323 12 two two CD 12162 323 13 from from IN 12162 323 14 the the DT 12162 323 15 documents document NNS 12162 323 16 which which WDT 12162 323 17 have have VBP 12162 323 18 already already RB 12162 323 19 been be VBN 12162 323 20 quoted quote VBN 12162 323 21 from from IN 12162 323 22 Brunetti Brunetti NNP 12162 323 23 , , , 12162 323 24 relating relate VBG 12162 323 25 to to IN 12162 323 26 the the DT 12162 323 27 dispute dispute NN 12162 323 28 between between IN 12162 323 29 the the DT 12162 323 30 bishops bishop NNS 12162 323 31 of of IN 12162 323 32 Siena Siena NNP 12162 323 33 and and CC 12162 323 34 Arezzo Arezzo NNP 12162 323 35 . . . 12162 324 1 In in IN 12162 324 2 the the DT 12162 324 3 first first JJ 12162 324 4 of of IN 12162 324 5 these[25 these[25 NN 12162 324 6 ] ] -RRB- 12162 324 7 we -PRON- PRP 12162 324 8 see see VBP 12162 324 9 that that IN 12162 324 10 in in IN 12162 324 11 the the DT 12162 324 12 year year NN 12162 324 13 715 715 CD 12162 324 14 , , , 12162 324 15 the the DT 12162 324 16 king king NN 12162 324 17 's 's POS 12162 324 18 _ _ NNP 12162 324 19 majordomus majordomus NN 12162 324 20 _ _ NNP 12162 324 21 Ambrosius Ambrosius NNP 12162 324 22 interferes interfere VBZ 12162 324 23 " " `` 12162 324 24 in in IN 12162 324 25 Curte Curte NNP 12162 324 26 a a DT 12162 324 27 Domini Domini NNP 12162 324 28 Regis Regis NNP 12162 324 29 " " '' 12162 324 30 at at IN 12162 324 31 Siena Siena NNP 12162 324 32 , , , 12162 324 33 in in IN 12162 324 34 opposition opposition NN 12162 324 35 to to IN 12162 324 36 the the DT 12162 324 37 local local JJ 12162 324 38 bishop bishop NN 12162 324 39 and and CC 12162 324 40 gastald gastald NNP 12162 324 41 ; ; : 12162 324 42 and and CC 12162 324 43 in in IN 12162 324 44 the the DT 12162 324 45 second[26 second[26 NNP 12162 324 46 ] ] -RRB- 12162 324 47 we -PRON- PRP 12162 324 48 find find VBP 12162 324 49 the the DT 12162 324 50 royal royal JJ 12162 324 51 notary notary JJ 12162 324 52 Gunthram Gunthram NNP 12162 324 53 forbidding forbid VBG 12162 324 54 a a DT 12162 324 55 fresh fresh JJ 12162 324 56 examination examination NN 12162 324 57 of of IN 12162 324 58 witnesses witness NNS 12162 324 59 " " '' 12162 324 60 in in IN 12162 324 61 Curte Curte NNP 12162 324 62 Regia Regia NNP 12162 324 63 Senensis Senensis NNP 12162 324 64 . . . 12162 324 65 " " '' 12162 325 1 In in IN 12162 325 2 a a DT 12162 325 3 document document NN 12162 325 4 of of IN 12162 325 5 the the DT 12162 325 6 next next JJ 12162 325 7 year[27]--716 year[27]--716 FW 12162 325 8 - - HYPH 12162 325 9 -we -we : 12162 325 10 find find VB 12162 325 11 " " `` 12162 325 12 Ebugansus Ebugansus NNP 12162 325 13 , , , 12162 325 14 Notarius Notarius NNP 12162 325 15 regiae regiae VBZ 12162 325 16 Curtis Curtis NNP 12162 325 17 , , , 12162 325 18 " " `` 12162 325 19 taking take VBG 12162 325 20 part part NN 12162 325 21 in in IN 12162 325 22 the the DT 12162 325 23 procedure procedure NN 12162 325 24 in in IN 12162 325 25 a a DT 12162 325 26 case case NN 12162 325 27 between between IN 12162 325 28 the the DT 12162 325 29 bishops bishop NNS 12162 325 30 of of IN 12162 325 31 Pistoia Pistoia NNP 12162 325 32 and and CC 12162 325 33 Lucca Lucca NNP 12162 325 34 ; ; : 12162 325 35 and and CC 12162 325 36 a a DT 12162 325 37 little little JJ 12162 325 38 later later RB 12162 325 39 , , , 12162 325 40 in in IN 12162 325 41 the the DT 12162 325 42 year year NN 12162 325 43 756 756 CD 12162 325 44 , , , 12162 325 45 is be VBZ 12162 325 46 mention mention NN 12162 325 47 of of IN 12162 325 48 an an DT 12162 325 49 exchange exchange NN 12162 325 50 of of IN 12162 325 51 property property NN 12162 325 52 between between IN 12162 325 53 " " `` 12162 325 54 civitis civitis NNP 12162 325 55 regia regia NNP 12162 325 56 lucencis lucencis NNP 12162 325 57 " " '' 12162 325 58 and and CC 12162 325 59 the the DT 12162 325 60 church church NN 12162 325 61 situated situate VBN 12162 325 62 in in IN 12162 325 63 that that DT 12162 325 64 city city NN 12162 325 65 . . . 12162 326 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 326 2 28 28 CD 12162 326 3 ] ] -RRB- 12162 326 4 In in IN 12162 326 5 the the DT 12162 326 6 " " `` 12162 326 7 Opusculum Opusculum NNP 12162 326 8 de de NNP 12162 326 9 Fundat Fundat NNP 12162 326 10 . . . 12162 327 1 Monast Monast NNP 12162 327 2 . . . 12162 328 1 Nonantulae Nonantulae NNP 12162 328 2 , , , 12162 328 3 " " '' 12162 328 4 published publish VBN 12162 328 5 by by IN 12162 328 6 Muratori,[29 Muratori,[29 NNP 12162 328 7 ] ] -RRB- 12162 328 8 we -PRON- PRP 12162 328 9 find find VBP 12162 328 10 a a DT 12162 328 11 donation donation NN 12162 328 12 by by IN 12162 328 13 King King NNP 12162 328 14 Aistulf Aistulf NNP 12162 328 15 to to IN 12162 328 16 that that DT 12162 328 17 monastery monastery NN 12162 328 18 : : : 12162 328 19 " " `` 12162 328 20 prope prope NNP 12162 328 21 castellum castellum NN 12162 328 22 Aginulfi Aginulfi NNP 12162 328 23 , , , 12162 328 24 quod quod NN 12162 328 25 pertinet pertinet NNP 12162 328 26 de de FW 12162 328 27 curte curte NNP 12162 328 28 nostra nostra NNP 12162 328 29 lucense lucense NNP 12162 328 30 , , , 12162 328 31 et et NNP 12162 328 32 duas duas NNP 12162 328 33 casas casas NNP 12162 328 34 masaritias masaritias NNP 12162 328 35 de de NNP 12162 328 36 ipsa ipsa NNP 12162 328 37 curte curte NNP 12162 328 38 " " '' 12162 328 39 ; ; : 12162 328 40 and and CC 12162 328 41 " " `` 12162 328 42 granum granum NNP 12162 328 43 ilium ilium NNP 12162 328 44 , , , 12162 328 45 quod quod NNP 12162 328 46 annue annue NNP 12162 328 47 colligitur colligitur NNP 12162 328 48 de de FW 12162 328 49 portatico portatico NNP 12162 328 50 , , , 12162 328 51 in in IN 12162 328 52 Curte Curte NNP 12162 328 53 nostra nostra NNP 12162 328 54 , , , 12162 328 55 quae quae NNP 12162 328 56 sita sita NNP 12162 328 57 est est NNP 12162 328 58 in in IN 12162 328 59 Civitate Civitate NNP 12162 328 60 Nova Nova NNP 12162 328 61 . . . 12162 329 1 " " `` 12162 329 2 [ [ -LRB- 12162 329 3 30 30 CD 12162 329 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 329 5 In in IN 12162 329 6 Carlovingian Carlovingian NNP 12162 329 7 times time NNS 12162 329 8 Charles Charles NNP 12162 329 9 the the DT 12162 329 10 Bald Bald NNP 12162 329 11 , , , 12162 329 12 in in IN 12162 329 13 the the DT 12162 329 14 year year NN 12162 329 15 875 875 CD 12162 329 16 , , , 12162 329 17 in in IN 12162 329 18 the the DT 12162 329 19 " " `` 12162 329 20 Chronica Chronica NNP 12162 329 21 Farfense,"[31 Farfense,"[31 NNP 12162 329 22 ] ] -RRB- 12162 329 23 appears appear VBZ 12162 329 24 as as IN 12162 329 25 saying say VBG 12162 329 26 , , , 12162 329 27 " " `` 12162 329 28 in in IN 12162 329 29 Curte Curte NNP 12162 329 30 nostra nostra NNP 12162 329 31 infra infra VBZ 12162 329 32 Castrum Castrum NNP 12162 329 33 Viterbense Viterbense NNP 12162 329 34 " " '' 12162 329 35 : : : 12162 329 36 elsewhere elsewhere RB 12162 329 37 " " `` 12162 329 38 curtis curtis NN 12162 329 39 regie regie NNP 12162 329 40 Viturbensis Viturbensis NNP 12162 329 41 " " '' 12162 329 42 is be VBZ 12162 329 43 spoken speak VBN 12162 329 44 of[32 of[32 NNP 12162 329 45 ] ] -RRB- 12162 329 46 : : : 12162 329 47 and and CC 12162 329 48 later later RBR 12162 329 49 , , , 12162 329 50 in in IN 12162 329 51 899 899 CD 12162 329 52 , , , 12162 329 53 Berenger Berenger NNP 12162 329 54 gives give VBZ 12162 329 55 to to IN 12162 329 56 the the DT 12162 329 57 bishop bishop NN 12162 329 58 of of IN 12162 329 59 Florence Florence NNP 12162 329 60 " " '' 12162 329 61 terram terram NNP 12162 329 62 ... ... : 12162 329 63 pertinentem pertinentem NNP 12162 329 64 de de FW 12162 329 65 curte curte FW 12162 329 66 Regis Regis NNP 12162 329 67 istae istae NNP 12162 329 68 Florentiae"[33 Florentiae"[33 NNP 12162 329 69 ] ] -RRB- 12162 329 70 : : : 12162 329 71 and and CC 12162 329 72 finally finally RB 12162 329 73 , , , 12162 329 74 not not RB 12162 329 75 to to TO 12162 329 76 multiply multiply VB 12162 329 77 examples example NNS 12162 329 78 , , , 12162 329 79 I -PRON- PRP 12162 329 80 will will MD 12162 329 81 mention mention VB 12162 329 82 a a DT 12162 329 83 privilege privilege NN 12162 329 84 of of IN 12162 329 85 Karloman Karloman NNP 12162 329 86 's 's POS 12162 329 87 , , , 12162 329 88 published publish VBN 12162 329 89 by by IN 12162 329 90 Ughelli[34 ughelli[34 ADD 12162 329 91 ] ] -RRB- 12162 329 92 , , , 12162 329 93 by by IN 12162 329 94 which which WDT 12162 329 95 he -PRON- PRP 12162 329 96 gives give VBZ 12162 329 97 to to IN 12162 329 98 the the DT 12162 329 99 bishop bishop NN 12162 329 100 of of IN 12162 329 101 Parma Parma NNP 12162 329 102 certain certain JJ 12162 329 103 regalia regalia NN 12162 329 104 : : : 12162 329 105 " " `` 12162 329 106 i -PRON- PRP 12162 329 107 d d VBN 12162 329 108 est est NNP 12162 329 109 curtem curtem NNP 12162 329 110 regiam regiam NNP 12162 329 111 extructam extructam NNP 12162 329 112 infra infra NNP 12162 329 113 civitatem civitatem NNP 12162 329 114 Parmam Parmam NNP 12162 329 115 cum cum NNP 12162 329 116 omne omne NNP 12162 329 117 officio officio NNP 12162 329 118 suo suo NNP 12162 329 119 , , , 12162 329 120 " " '' 12162 329 121 etc etc FW 12162 329 122 . . . 12162 330 1 From from IN 12162 330 2 even even RB 12162 330 3 these these DT 12162 330 4 few few JJ 12162 330 5 instances instance NNS 12162 330 6 we -PRON- PRP 12162 330 7 can can MD 12162 330 8 see see VB 12162 330 9 the the DT 12162 330 10 connection connection NN 12162 330 11 between between IN 12162 330 12 the the DT 12162 330 13 _ _ NNP 12162 330 14 Curtis Curtis NNP 12162 330 15 Regia Regia NNP 12162 330 16 _ _ NNP 12162 330 17 and and CC 12162 330 18 the the DT 12162 330 19 city city NN 12162 330 20 which which WDT 12162 330 21 gave give VBD 12162 330 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 330 23 name name NN 12162 330 24 to to IN 12162 330 25 the the DT 12162 330 26 _ _ NNP 12162 330 27 civitas civita NNS 12162 330 28 _ _ NNP 12162 330 29 , , , 12162 330 30 a a DT 12162 330 31 connection connection NN 12162 330 32 the the DT 12162 330 33 importance importance NN 12162 330 34 of of IN 12162 330 35 which which WDT 12162 330 36 we -PRON- PRP 12162 330 37 must must MD 12162 330 38 not not RB 12162 330 39 fail fail VB 12162 330 40 to to TO 12162 330 41 appreciate appreciate VB 12162 330 42 , , , 12162 330 43 in in IN 12162 330 44 consideration consideration NN 12162 330 45 of of IN 12162 330 46 the the DT 12162 330 47 great great JJ 12162 330 48 influence influence NN 12162 330 49 which which WDT 12162 330 50 it -PRON- PRP 12162 330 51 exercised exercise VBD 12162 330 52 in in IN 12162 330 53 the the DT 12162 330 54 future future JJ 12162 330 55 development development NN 12162 330 56 of of IN 12162 330 57 the the DT 12162 330 58 municipal municipal JJ 12162 330 59 unit unit NN 12162 330 60 from from IN 12162 330 61 a a DT 12162 330 62 beginning beginning NN 12162 330 63 so so RB 12162 330 64 insignificant insignificant JJ 12162 330 65 . . . 12162 331 1 Of of IN 12162 331 2 some some DT 12162 331 3 importance importance NN 12162 331 4 in in IN 12162 331 5 connection connection NN 12162 331 6 with with IN 12162 331 7 the the DT 12162 331 8 early early JJ 12162 331 9 history history NN 12162 331 10 of of IN 12162 331 11 the the DT 12162 331 12 cities city NNS 12162 331 13 are be VBP 12162 331 14 the the DT 12162 331 15 questions question NNS 12162 331 16 which which WDT 12162 331 17 arise arise VBP 12162 331 18 in in IN 12162 331 19 relation relation NN 12162 331 20 to to IN 12162 331 21 the the DT 12162 331 22 fiscal fiscal JJ 12162 331 23 duties duty NNS 12162 331 24 and and CC 12162 331 25 privileges privilege NNS 12162 331 26 of of IN 12162 331 27 the the DT 12162 331 28 _ _ NNP 12162 331 29 curtes curte VBZ 12162 331 30 regia regia NNP 12162 331 31 _ _ NNP 12162 331 32 and and CC 12162 331 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 331 34 officers officer NNS 12162 331 35 . . . 12162 332 1 In in IN 12162 332 2 it -PRON- PRP 12162 332 3 was be VBD 12162 332 4 centered center VBN 12162 332 5 the the DT 12162 332 6 fiscal fiscal JJ 12162 332 7 administration administration NN 12162 332 8 of of IN 12162 332 9 the the DT 12162 332 10 kingdom kingdom NN 12162 332 11 ; ; , 12162 332 12 and and CC 12162 332 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 332 14 officers officer NNS 12162 332 15 , , , 12162 332 16 in in IN 12162 332 17 the the DT 12162 332 18 various various JJ 12162 332 19 grades grade NNS 12162 332 20 from from IN 12162 332 21 the the DT 12162 332 22 _ _ NNP 12162 332 23 dux dux NN 12162 332 24 _ _ NNP 12162 332 25 downward downward RB 12162 332 26 , , , 12162 332 27 received receive VBD 12162 332 28 and and CC 12162 332 29 were be VBD 12162 332 30 responsible responsible JJ 12162 332 31 for for IN 12162 332 32 the the DT 12162 332 33 revenues revenue NNS 12162 332 34 of of IN 12162 332 35 the the DT 12162 332 36 state state NN 12162 332 37 . . . 12162 333 1 So so RB 12162 333 2 prominent prominent JJ 12162 333 3 a a DT 12162 333 4 part part NN 12162 333 5 belonged belong VBN 12162 333 6 to to IN 12162 333 7 this this DT 12162 333 8 form form NN 12162 333 9 of of IN 12162 333 10 the the DT 12162 333 11 functions function NNS 12162 333 12 of of IN 12162 333 13 the the DT 12162 333 14 _ _ NNP 12162 333 15 curtes curtes NNPS 12162 333 16 _ _ NNP 12162 333 17 that that IN 12162 333 18 it -PRON- PRP 12162 333 19 is be VBZ 12162 333 20 quite quite RB 12162 333 21 common common JJ 12162 333 22 to to TO 12162 333 23 hear hear VB 12162 333 24 the the DT 12162 333 25 revenues revenue NNS 12162 333 26 themselves -PRON- PRP 12162 333 27 , , , 12162 333 28 by by IN 12162 333 29 a a DT 12162 333 30 transposition transposition NN 12162 333 31 of of IN 12162 333 32 terms term NNS 12162 333 33 , , , 12162 333 34 called call VBN 12162 333 35 by by IN 12162 333 36 that that DT 12162 333 37 name name NN 12162 333 38 , , , 12162 333 39 or or CC 12162 333 40 by by IN 12162 333 41 that that DT 12162 333 42 of of IN 12162 333 43 _ _ NNP 12162 333 44 palatium palatium NN 12162 333 45 _ _ NNP 12162 333 46 , , , 12162 333 47 a a DT 12162 333 48 word word NN 12162 333 49 sometimes sometimes RB 12162 333 50 found find VBN 12162 333 51 even even RB 12162 333 52 for for IN 12162 333 53 the the DT 12162 333 54 _ _ NNP 12162 333 55 curtes curtes NNP 12162 333 56 regia regia NNP 12162 333 57 _ _ NNP 12162 333 58 in in IN 12162 333 59 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 333 60 proper proper JJ 12162 333 61 general general JJ 12162 333 62 sense sense NN 12162 333 63 ; ; : 12162 333 64 but but CC 12162 333 65 this this DT 12162 333 66 , , , 12162 333 67 from from IN 12162 333 68 what what WP 12162 333 69 I -PRON- PRP 12162 333 70 have have VBP 12162 333 71 been be VBN 12162 333 72 able able JJ 12162 333 73 to to TO 12162 333 74 gather gather VB 12162 333 75 concerning concern VBG 12162 333 76 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 333 77 legitimate legitimate JJ 12162 333 78 use use NN 12162 333 79 , , , 12162 333 80 should should MD 12162 333 81 properly properly RB 12162 333 82 be be VB 12162 333 83 applied apply VBN 12162 333 84 only only RB 12162 333 85 to to IN 12162 333 86 the the DT 12162 333 87 residence residence NN 12162 333 88 , , , 12162 333 89 or or CC 12162 333 90 by by IN 12162 333 91 conversion conversion NN 12162 333 92 the the DT 12162 333 93 revenues revenue NNS 12162 333 94 of of IN 12162 333 95 the the DT 12162 333 96 king king NN 12162 333 97 himself[35 himself[35 NNP 12162 333 98 ] ] -RRB- 12162 333 99 . . . 12162 334 1 What what WP 12162 334 2 is be VBZ 12162 334 3 of of IN 12162 334 4 interest interest NN 12162 334 5 to to IN 12162 334 6 us -PRON- PRP 12162 334 7 in in IN 12162 334 8 this this DT 12162 334 9 matter matter NN 12162 334 10 is be VBZ 12162 334 11 the the DT 12162 334 12 fact fact NN 12162 334 13 that that IN 12162 334 14 the the DT 12162 334 15 _ _ NNP 12162 334 16 curtis curtis NN 12162 334 17 regia regia NNP 12162 334 18 _ _ NNP 12162 334 19 fell fall VBD 12162 334 20 heir heir NN 12162 334 21 to to IN 12162 334 22 the the DT 12162 334 23 _ _ NNP 12162 334 24 publicum publicum NN 12162 334 25 _ _ NNP 12162 334 26 or or CC 12162 334 27 communal communal JJ 12162 334 28 property property NN 12162 334 29 of of IN 12162 334 30 the the DT 12162 334 31 old old JJ 12162 334 32 Roman roman JJ 12162 334 33 _ _ NNP 12162 334 34 curia curia NN 12162 334 35 _ _ NNP 12162 334 36 , , , 12162 334 37 when when WRB 12162 334 38 these these DT 12162 334 39 were be VBD 12162 334 40 overthrown overthrow VBN 12162 334 41 by by IN 12162 334 42 the the DT 12162 334 43 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 334 44 conquest conquest NNP 12162 334 45 . . . 12162 335 1 In in IN 12162 335 2 considering consider VBG 12162 335 3 this this DT 12162 335 4 phase phase NN 12162 335 5 of of IN 12162 335 6 civil civil JJ 12162 335 7 administration administration NN 12162 335 8 under under IN 12162 335 9 the the DT 12162 335 10 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 335 11 system system NN 12162 335 12 , , , 12162 335 13 we -PRON- PRP 12162 335 14 are be VBP 12162 335 15 again again RB 12162 335 16 brought bring VBN 12162 335 17 face face NN 12162 335 18 to to IN 12162 335 19 face face NN 12162 335 20 with with IN 12162 335 21 the the DT 12162 335 22 old old JJ 12162 335 23 question question NN 12162 335 24 of of IN 12162 335 25 the the DT 12162 335 26 survival survival NN 12162 335 27 or or CC 12162 335 28 non non JJ 12162 335 29 - - JJ 12162 335 30 survival survival NN 12162 335 31 of of IN 12162 335 32 corporate corporate JJ 12162 335 33 existence existence NN 12162 335 34 among among IN 12162 335 35 the the DT 12162 335 36 cities city NNS 12162 335 37 . . . 12162 336 1 For for IN 12162 336 2 if if IN 12162 336 3 it -PRON- PRP 12162 336 4 could could MD 12162 336 5 be be VB 12162 336 6 proved prove VBN 12162 336 7 that that IN 12162 336 8 the the DT 12162 336 9 municipality municipality NN 12162 336 10 in in IN 12162 336 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 336 12 corporate corporate JJ 12162 336 13 capacity capacity NN 12162 336 14 retained retain VBD 12162 336 15 the the DT 12162 336 16 communal communal JJ 12162 336 17 property property NN 12162 336 18 and and CC 12162 336 19 administered administer VBD 12162 336 20 it -PRON- PRP 12162 336 21 , , , 12162 336 22 there there EX 12162 336 23 would would MD 12162 336 24 appear appear VB 12162 336 25 to to TO 12162 336 26 be be VB 12162 336 27 good good JJ 12162 336 28 grounds ground NNS 12162 336 29 for for IN 12162 336 30 the the DT 12162 336 31 assertion assertion NN 12162 336 32 of of IN 12162 336 33 the the DT 12162 336 34 continuance continuance NN 12162 336 35 of of IN 12162 336 36 some some DT 12162 336 37 form form NN 12162 336 38 of of IN 12162 336 39 quasi quasi JJ 12162 336 40 - - JJ 12162 336 41 independent independent JJ 12162 336 42 municipal municipal JJ 12162 336 43 government government NN 12162 336 44 ; ; : 12162 336 45 but but CC 12162 336 46 if if IN 12162 336 47 , , , 12162 336 48 on on IN 12162 336 49 the the DT 12162 336 50 other other JJ 12162 336 51 hand hand NN 12162 336 52 , , , 12162 336 53 it -PRON- PRP 12162 336 54 were be VBD 12162 336 55 found find VBN 12162 336 56 that that IN 12162 336 57 the the DT 12162 336 58 property property NN 12162 336 59 of of IN 12162 336 60 the the DT 12162 336 61 municipality municipality NN 12162 336 62 passed pass VBN 12162 336 63 to to IN 12162 336 64 the the DT 12162 336 65 new new JJ 12162 336 66 head head NN 12162 336 67 of of IN 12162 336 68 local local JJ 12162 336 69 administration administration NN 12162 336 70 or or CC 12162 336 71 to to IN 12162 336 72 the the DT 12162 336 73 central central JJ 12162 336 74 power power NN 12162 336 75 , , , 12162 336 76 it -PRON- PRP 12162 336 77 would would MD 12162 336 78 be be VB 12162 336 79 evident evident JJ 12162 336 80 that that IN 12162 336 81 the the DT 12162 336 82 continuance continuance NN 12162 336 83 of of IN 12162 336 84 the the DT 12162 336 85 municipal municipal JJ 12162 336 86 system system NN 12162 336 87 as as IN 12162 336 88 such such JJ 12162 336 89 was be VBD 12162 336 90 a a DT 12162 336 91 logical logical JJ 12162 336 92 impossibility impossibility NN 12162 336 93 ; ; : 12162 336 94 for for IN 12162 336 95 , , , 12162 336 96 deprived deprive VBN 12162 336 97 at at IN 12162 336 98 once once RB 12162 336 99 of of IN 12162 336 100 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 336 101 property property NN 12162 336 102 and and CC 12162 336 103 of of IN 12162 336 104 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 336 105 revenues revenue NNS 12162 336 106 , , , 12162 336 107 it -PRON- PRP 12162 336 108 would would MD 12162 336 109 have have VB 12162 336 110 had have VBN 12162 336 111 no no DT 12162 336 112 vitality vitality NN 12162 336 113 to to TO 12162 336 114 keep keep VB 12162 336 115 it -PRON- PRP 12162 336 116 from from IN 12162 336 117 a a DT 12162 336 118 speedy speedy JJ 12162 336 119 end end NN 12162 336 120 . . . 12162 337 1 In in IN 12162 337 2 investigating investigate VBG 12162 337 3 a a DT 12162 337 4 question question NN 12162 337 5 of of IN 12162 337 6 this this DT 12162 337 7 nature nature NN 12162 337 8 from from IN 12162 337 9 the the DT 12162 337 10 sources source NNS 12162 337 11 at at IN 12162 337 12 our -PRON- PRP$ 12162 337 13 disposal disposal NN 12162 337 14 in in IN 12162 337 15 a a DT 12162 337 16 period period NN 12162 337 17 of of IN 12162 337 18 history history NN 12162 337 19 so so RB 12162 337 20 obscure obscure RB 12162 337 21 , , , 12162 337 22 we -PRON- PRP 12162 337 23 can can MD 12162 337 24 not not RB 12162 337 25 expect expect VB 12162 337 26 to to TO 12162 337 27 find find VB 12162 337 28 any any DT 12162 337 29 definite definite JJ 12162 337 30 statements statement NNS 12162 337 31 sufficiently sufficiently RB 12162 337 32 precise precise JJ 12162 337 33 to to TO 12162 337 34 set set VB 12162 337 35 at at IN 12162 337 36 rest rest NN 12162 337 37 at at IN 12162 337 38 once once RB 12162 337 39 all all DT 12162 337 40 opposition opposition NN 12162 337 41 and and CC 12162 337 42 discussion discussion NN 12162 337 43 ; ; : 12162 337 44 but but CC 12162 337 45 after after IN 12162 337 46 considering consider VBG 12162 337 47 the the DT 12162 337 48 character character NN 12162 337 49 of of IN 12162 337 50 the the DT 12162 337 51 people people NNS 12162 337 52 we -PRON- PRP 12162 337 53 are be VBP 12162 337 54 investigating investigate VBG 12162 337 55 and and CC 12162 337 56 studying study VBG 12162 337 57 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 337 58 institutions institution NNS 12162 337 59 , , , 12162 337 60 and and CC 12162 337 61 after after IN 12162 337 62 a a DT 12162 337 63 careful careful JJ 12162 337 64 examination examination NN 12162 337 65 of of IN 12162 337 66 the the DT 12162 337 67 laws law NNS 12162 337 68 and and CC 12162 337 69 records record NNS 12162 337 70 which which WDT 12162 337 71 form form VBP 12162 337 72 the the DT 12162 337 73 sources source NNS 12162 337 74 of of IN 12162 337 75 our -PRON- PRP$ 12162 337 76 information information NN 12162 337 77 , , , 12162 337 78 we -PRON- PRP 12162 337 79 are be VBP 12162 337 80 , , , 12162 337 81 I -PRON- PRP 12162 337 82 think think VBP 12162 337 83 , , , 12162 337 84 in in IN 12162 337 85 a a DT 12162 337 86 position position NN 12162 337 87 to to TO 12162 337 88 be be VB 12162 337 89 able able JJ 12162 337 90 to to TO 12162 337 91 give give VB 12162 337 92 a a DT 12162 337 93 sufficiently sufficiently RB 12162 337 94 decided decide VBN 12162 337 95 opinion opinion NN 12162 337 96 as as IN 12162 337 97 to to IN 12162 337 98 whether whether IN 12162 337 99 a a DT 12162 337 100 particular particular JJ 12162 337 101 set set NN 12162 337 102 of of IN 12162 337 103 facts fact NNS 12162 337 104 or or CC 12162 337 105 conditions condition NNS 12162 337 106 could could MD 12162 337 107 possibly possibly RB 12162 337 108 have have VB 12162 337 109 existed exist VBN 12162 337 110 in in IN 12162 337 111 a a DT 12162 337 112 state state NN 12162 337 113 of of IN 12162 337 114 development development NN 12162 337 115 and and CC 12162 337 116 in in IN 12162 337 117 a a DT 12162 337 118 society society NN 12162 337 119 of of IN 12162 337 120 a a DT 12162 337 121 given give VBN 12162 337 122 character character NN 12162 337 123 . . . 12162 338 1 Thus thus RB 12162 338 2 it -PRON- PRP 12162 338 3 is be VBZ 12162 338 4 in in IN 12162 338 5 regard regard NN 12162 338 6 to to IN 12162 338 7 the the DT 12162 338 8 matter matter NN 12162 338 9 in in IN 12162 338 10 hand hand NN 12162 338 11 . . . 12162 339 1 From from IN 12162 339 2 the the DT 12162 339 3 numberless numberless JJ 12162 339 4 cases case NNS 12162 339 5 in in IN 12162 339 6 which which WDT 12162 339 7 the the DT 12162 339 8 _ _ NNP 12162 339 9 publicum publicum NN 12162 339 10 _ _ NNP 12162 339 11 is be VBZ 12162 339 12 mentioned mention VBN 12162 339 13 in in IN 12162 339 14 the the DT 12162 339 15 documents document NNS 12162 339 16 from from IN 12162 339 17 which which WDT 12162 339 18 we -PRON- PRP 12162 339 19 draw draw VBP 12162 339 20 our -PRON- PRP$ 12162 339 21 materials material NNS 12162 339 22 , , , 12162 339 23 it -PRON- PRP 12162 339 24 seems seem VBZ 12162 339 25 to to IN 12162 339 26 me -PRON- PRP 12162 339 27 possible possible JJ 12162 339 28 for for IN 12162 339 29 a a DT 12162 339 30 critical critical JJ 12162 339 31 examiner examiner NN 12162 339 32 to to TO 12162 339 33 come come VB 12162 339 34 to to IN 12162 339 35 but but CC 12162 339 36 one one CD 12162 339 37 conclusion conclusion NN 12162 339 38 , , , 12162 339 39 if if IN 12162 339 40 , , , 12162 339 41 as as IN 12162 339 42 is be VBZ 12162 339 43 quite quite RB 12162 339 44 essential essential JJ 12162 339 45 , , , 12162 339 46 he -PRON- PRP 12162 339 47 take take VBP 12162 339 48 into into IN 12162 339 49 consideration consideration NN 12162 339 50 the the DT 12162 339 51 unmistakable unmistakable JJ 12162 339 52 spirit spirit NN 12162 339 53 of of IN 12162 339 54 these these DT 12162 339 55 writings writing NNS 12162 339 56 , , , 12162 339 57 and and CC 12162 339 58 if if IN 12162 339 59 he -PRON- PRP 12162 339 60 give give VBP 12162 339 61 a a DT 12162 339 62 legitimate legitimate JJ 12162 339 63 interpretation interpretation NN 12162 339 64 to to IN 12162 339 65 the the DT 12162 339 66 various various JJ 12162 339 67 terms term NNS 12162 339 68 employed employ VBN 12162 339 69 . . . 12162 340 1 To to TO 12162 340 2 cite cite VB 12162 340 3 in in IN 12162 340 4 direct direct JJ 12162 340 5 proof proof NN 12162 340 6 any any DT 12162 340 7 individual individual JJ 12162 340 8 instance instance NN 12162 340 9 is be VBZ 12162 340 10 , , , 12162 340 11 perhaps perhaps RB 12162 340 12 , , , 12162 340 13 impossible impossible JJ 12162 340 14 ; ; : 12162 340 15 but but CC 12162 340 16 indirect indirect JJ 12162 340 17 evidence evidence NN 12162 340 18 is be VBZ 12162 340 19 forthcoming forthcoming JJ 12162 340 20 in in IN 12162 340 21 abundance abundance NN 12162 340 22 , , , 12162 340 23 and and CC 12162 340 24 of of IN 12162 340 25 a a DT 12162 340 26 character character NN 12162 340 27 to to TO 12162 340 28 be be VB 12162 340 29 , , , 12162 340 30 to to IN 12162 340 31 me -PRON- PRP 12162 340 32 at at RB 12162 340 33 least least JJS 12162 340 34 , , , 12162 340 35 entirely entirely RB 12162 340 36 conclusive conclusive JJ 12162 340 37 . . . 12162 341 1 The the DT 12162 341 2 conclusion conclusion NN 12162 341 3 reached reach VBD 12162 341 4 is be VBZ 12162 341 5 , , , 12162 341 6 then then RB 12162 341 7 , , , 12162 341 8 that that IN 12162 341 9 the the DT 12162 341 10 king king NN 12162 341 11 and and CC 12162 341 12 the the DT 12162 341 13 dukes duke NNS 12162 341 14 were be VBD 12162 341 15 the the DT 12162 341 16 successors successor NNS 12162 341 17 of of IN 12162 341 18 the the DT 12162 341 19 old old JJ 12162 341 20 _ _ NNP 12162 341 21 curia curia NNP 12162 341 22 _ _ NNP 12162 341 23 in in IN 12162 341 24 the the DT 12162 341 25 possession possession NN 12162 341 26 and and CC 12162 341 27 the the DT 12162 341 28 administration administration NN 12162 341 29 of of IN 12162 341 30 all all DT 12162 341 31 properties property NNS 12162 341 32 and and CC 12162 341 33 revenues revenue NNS 12162 341 34 , , , 12162 341 35 taxes taxis NNS 12162 341 36 and and CC 12162 341 37 fines fine NNS 12162 341 38 formerly formerly RB 12162 341 39 belonging belong VBG 12162 341 40 to to IN 12162 341 41 the the DT 12162 341 42 organized organize VBN 12162 341 43 corporations corporation NNS 12162 341 44 of of IN 12162 341 45 the the DT 12162 341 46 Roman roman JJ 12162 341 47 municipalities municipality NNS 12162 341 48 , , , 12162 341 49 and and CC 12162 341 50 that that IN 12162 341 51 the the DT 12162 341 52 _ _ NNP 12162 341 53 curtes curte VBZ 12162 341 54 regiae regiae NNS 12162 341 55 _ _ NNP 12162 341 56 were be VBD 12162 341 57 the the DT 12162 341 58 channel channel NN 12162 341 59 through through IN 12162 341 60 which which WDT 12162 341 61 these these DT 12162 341 62 were be VBD 12162 341 63 collected collect VBN 12162 341 64 , , , 12162 341 65 divided divide VBN 12162 341 66 and and CC 12162 341 67 expended expend VBN 12162 341 68 . . . 12162 342 1 The the DT 12162 342 2 grounds ground NNS 12162 342 3 on on IN 12162 342 4 which which WDT 12162 342 5 this this DT 12162 342 6 assertion assertion NN 12162 342 7 is be VBZ 12162 342 8 based base VBN 12162 342 9 are be VBP 12162 342 10 the the DT 12162 342 11 continual continual JJ 12162 342 12 recurrence recurrence NN 12162 342 13 of of IN 12162 342 14 examples example NNS 12162 342 15 of of IN 12162 342 16 functions function NNS 12162 342 17 of of IN 12162 342 18 a a DT 12162 342 19 fiscal fiscal JJ 12162 342 20 character character NN 12162 342 21 being be VBG 12162 342 22 exercised exercise VBN 12162 342 23 by by IN 12162 342 24 the the DT 12162 342 25 head head NN 12162 342 26 of of IN 12162 342 27 the the DT 12162 342 28 _ _ NNP 12162 342 29 civitas civita NNS 12162 342 30 _ _ NNP 12162 342 31 and and CC 12162 342 32 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 342 33 officers officer NNS 12162 342 34 , , , 12162 342 35 and and CC 12162 342 36 by by IN 12162 342 37 them -PRON- PRP 12162 342 38 alone alone RB 12162 342 39 ; ; : 12162 342 40 and and CC 12162 342 41 it -PRON- PRP 12162 342 42 appears appear VBZ 12162 342 43 to to IN 12162 342 44 me -PRON- PRP 12162 342 45 that that IN 12162 342 46 it -PRON- PRP 12162 342 47 could could MD 12162 342 48 only only RB 12162 342 49 be be VB 12162 342 50 by by IN 12162 342 51 a a DT 12162 342 52 complete complete JJ 12162 342 53 misunderstanding misunderstanding NN 12162 342 54 of of IN 12162 342 55 the the DT 12162 342 56 spirit spirit NN 12162 342 57 of of IN 12162 342 58 the the DT 12162 342 59 early early JJ 12162 342 60 writings writing NNS 12162 342 61 , , , 12162 342 62 and and CC 12162 342 63 by by IN 12162 342 64 a a DT 12162 342 65 comprehensive comprehensive JJ 12162 342 66 misapplication misapplication NN 12162 342 67 of of IN 12162 342 68 the the DT 12162 342 69 terms term NNS 12162 342 70 used use VBN 12162 342 71 in in IN 12162 342 72 them -PRON- PRP 12162 342 73 , , , 12162 342 74 that that IN 12162 342 75 these these DT 12162 342 76 functions function NNS 12162 342 77 could could MD 12162 342 78 be be VB 12162 342 79 referred refer VBN 12162 342 80 to to IN 12162 342 81 any any DT 12162 342 82 other other JJ 12162 342 83 power power NN 12162 342 84 . . . 12162 343 1 These these DT 12162 343 2 functions function NNS 12162 343 3 of of IN 12162 343 4 the the DT 12162 343 5 administration administration NN 12162 343 6 may may MD 12162 343 7 be be VB 12162 343 8 grouped group VBN 12162 343 9 under under IN 12162 343 10 three three CD 12162 343 11 main main JJ 12162 343 12 heads head NNS 12162 343 13 , , , 12162 343 14 viz viz NN 12162 343 15 : : : 12162 343 16 1 1 CD 12162 343 17 . . . 12162 344 1 Fines fine NNS 12162 344 2 and and CC 12162 344 3 forfeitures forfeiture NNS 12162 344 4 , , , 12162 344 5 which which WDT 12162 344 6 , , , 12162 344 7 of of IN 12162 344 8 course course NN 12162 344 9 , , , 12162 344 10 played play VBD 12162 344 11 a a DT 12162 344 12 very very RB 12162 344 13 prominent prominent JJ 12162 344 14 part part NN 12162 344 15 under under IN 12162 344 16 the the DT 12162 344 17 Teutonic Teutonic NNP 12162 344 18 system system NN 12162 344 19 of of IN 12162 344 20 composition composition NN 12162 344 21 for for IN 12162 344 22 offenses offense NNS 12162 344 23 of of IN 12162 344 24 a a DT 12162 344 25 criminal criminal JJ 12162 344 26 nature nature NN 12162 344 27 ; ; : 12162 344 28 2 2 CD 12162 344 29 . . . 12162 345 1 Taxes taxis NNS 12162 345 2 and and CC 12162 345 3 privileges privilege NNS 12162 345 4 , , , 12162 345 5 by by IN 12162 345 6 which which WDT 12162 345 7 is be VBZ 12162 345 8 meant mean VBN 12162 345 9 feudal feudal JJ 12162 345 10 rights right NNS 12162 345 11 , , , 12162 345 12 dues due NNS 12162 345 13 , , , 12162 345 14 etc etc FW 12162 345 15 . . . 12162 346 1 ; ; : 12162 346 2 and and CC 12162 346 3 3 3 CD 12162 346 4 . . . 12162 347 1 Buildings building NNS 12162 347 2 and and CC 12162 347 3 lands land NNS 12162 347 4 belonging belong VBG 12162 347 5 to to IN 12162 347 6 the the DT 12162 347 7 crown crown NN 12162 347 8 or or CC 12162 347 9 to to IN 12162 347 10 the the DT 12162 347 11 head head NN 12162 347 12 of of IN 12162 347 13 the the DT 12162 347 14 _ _ NNP 12162 347 15 civitas civitas NN 12162 347 16 _ _ NNP 12162 347 17 as as IN 12162 347 18 a a DT 12162 347 19 public public JJ 12162 347 20 officer officer NN 12162 347 21 . . . 12162 348 1 Of of IN 12162 348 2 the the DT 12162 348 3 fines fine NNS 12162 348 4 and and CC 12162 348 5 forfeitures forfeiture NNS 12162 348 6 paid pay VBN 12162 348 7 into into IN 12162 348 8 the the DT 12162 348 9 _ _ NNP 12162 348 10 publicum publicum NN 12162 348 11 _ _ NNP 12162 348 12 , , , 12162 348 13 we -PRON- PRP 12162 348 14 find find VBP 12162 348 15 that that IN 12162 348 16 a a DT 12162 348 17 part part NN 12162 348 18 went go VBD 12162 348 19 to to IN 12162 348 20 the the DT 12162 348 21 royal royal JJ 12162 348 22 treasury treasury NNP 12162 348 23 and and CC 12162 348 24 a a DT 12162 348 25 part part NN 12162 348 26 to to IN 12162 348 27 the the DT 12162 348 28 _ _ NNP 12162 348 29 judex judex NN 12162 348 30 _ _ NNP 12162 348 31 , , , 12162 348 32 and and CC 12162 348 33 in in IN 12162 348 34 some some DT 12162 348 35 cases case NNS 12162 348 36 to to IN 12162 348 37 the the DT 12162 348 38 informer informer NN 12162 348 39 or or CC 12162 348 40 the the DT 12162 348 41 prosecuting prosecute VBG 12162 348 42 officer officer NN 12162 348 43 ; ; : 12162 348 44 and and CC 12162 348 45 at at IN 12162 348 46 different different JJ 12162 348 47 times time NNS 12162 348 48 we -PRON- PRP 12162 348 49 find find VBP 12162 348 50 these these DT 12162 348 51 proportionate proportionate JJ 12162 348 52 amounts amount NNS 12162 348 53 definitely definitely RB 12162 348 54 defined define VBN 12162 348 55 -- -- : 12162 348 56 as as IN 12162 348 57 , , , 12162 348 58 for for IN 12162 348 59 instance instance NN 12162 348 60 , , , 12162 348 61 in in IN 12162 348 62 the the DT 12162 348 63 time time NN 12162 348 64 of of IN 12162 348 65 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 12162 348 66 two two CD 12162 348 67 parts part NNS 12162 348 68 went go VBD 12162 348 69 to to IN 12162 348 70 the the DT 12162 348 71 king king NN 12162 348 72 and and CC 12162 348 73 one one CD 12162 348 74 part part NN 12162 348 75 to to IN 12162 348 76 the the DT 12162 348 77 count count NN 12162 348 78 who who WP 12162 348 79 acted act VBD 12162 348 80 as as IN 12162 348 81 _ _ NNP 12162 348 82 judex_;[36 judex_;[36 NNP 12162 348 83 ] ] -RRB- 12162 348 84 this this DT 12162 348 85 we -PRON- PRP 12162 348 86 know know VBP 12162 348 87 from from IN 12162 348 88 two two CD 12162 348 89 of of IN 12162 348 90 the the DT 12162 348 91 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 348 92 laws law NNS 12162 348 93 of of IN 12162 348 94 that that DT 12162 348 95 emperor emperor NN 12162 348 96 . . . 12162 349 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 349 2 37 37 CD 12162 349 3 ] ] -RRB- 12162 349 4 In in IN 12162 349 5 one one CD 12162 349 6 of of IN 12162 349 7 these,[38 these,[38 CD 12162 349 8 ] ] -RRB- 12162 349 9 speaking speak VBG 12162 349 10 of of IN 12162 349 11 those those DT 12162 349 12 who who WP 12162 349 13 evaded evade VBD 12162 349 14 military military JJ 12162 349 15 service service NN 12162 349 16 , , , 12162 349 17 he -PRON- PRP 12162 349 18 says say VBZ 12162 349 19 : : : 12162 349 20 " " `` 12162 349 21 Heribannum Heribannum NNP 12162 349 22 comes come VBZ 12162 349 23 exactare exactare VBP 12162 349 24 non non AFX 12162 349 25 praesumat praesumat NN 12162 349 26 : : : 12162 349 27 nisi nisi NNP 12162 349 28 Missus Missus NNP 12162 349 29 noster noster NN 12162 349 30 prius prius NN 12162 349 31 Heribannum Heribannum NNP 12162 349 32 ad ad NN 12162 349 33 partem partem NN 12162 349 34 nostram nostram NNP 12162 349 35 recipiat recipiat NNP 12162 349 36 , , , 12162 349 37 et et NNP 12162 349 38 ei ei NNP 12162 349 39 , , , 12162 349 40 " " '' 12162 349 41 the the DT 12162 349 42 Count Count NNP 12162 349 43 , , , 12162 349 44 " " '' 12162 349 45 suam suam NNP 12162 349 46 tertiam tertiam NNP 12162 349 47 partem partem NNP 12162 349 48 exinde exinde NNP 12162 349 49 per per IN 12162 349 50 jussionem jussionem NNP 12162 349 51 nostram nostram NNP 12162 349 52 donet donet NNP 12162 349 53 . . . 12162 350 1 " " `` 12162 350 2 [ [ -LRB- 12162 350 3 39 39 CD 12162 350 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 350 5 We -PRON- PRP 12162 350 6 even even RB 12162 350 7 find find VBP 12162 350 8 evidence evidence NN 12162 350 9 of of IN 12162 350 10 quite quite PDT 12162 350 11 a a DT 12162 350 12 large large JJ 12162 350 13 amount amount NN 12162 350 14 of of IN 12162 350 15 liberty liberty NN 12162 350 16 used use VBN 12162 350 17 by by IN 12162 350 18 the the DT 12162 350 19 _ _ NNP 12162 350 20 duces duce NNS 12162 350 21 _ _ NNP 12162 350 22 in in IN 12162 350 23 the the DT 12162 350 24 ultimate ultimate JJ 12162 350 25 disposal disposal NN 12162 350 26 of of IN 12162 350 27 property property NN 12162 350 28 coming come VBG 12162 350 29 under under IN 12162 350 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 350 31 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 350 32 by by IN 12162 350 33 forfeiture forfeiture NN 12162 350 34 , , , 12162 350 35 the the DT 12162 350 36 more more RBR 12162 350 37 powerful powerful JJ 12162 350 38 making make VBG 12162 350 39 use use NN 12162 350 40 of of IN 12162 350 41 it -PRON- PRP 12162 350 42 precisely precisely RB 12162 350 43 as as IN 12162 350 44 if if IN 12162 350 45 it -PRON- PRP 12162 350 46 were be VBD 12162 350 47 private private JJ 12162 350 48 property property NN 12162 350 49 . . . 12162 351 1 For for IN 12162 351 2 example example NN 12162 351 3 , , , 12162 351 4 in in IN 12162 351 5 the the DT 12162 351 6 Chronica Chronica NNP 12162 351 7 Farfensis[40 Farfensis[40 NNPS 12162 351 8 ] ] -RRB- 12162 351 9 appears appear VBZ 12162 351 10 a a DT 12162 351 11 case case NN 12162 351 12 judged judge VBN 12162 351 13 by by IN 12162 351 14 Hildeprandus Hildeprandus NNP 12162 351 15 , , , 12162 351 16 _ _ NNP 12162 351 17 dux dux NN 12162 351 18 _ _ NNP 12162 351 19 of of IN 12162 351 20 Spoleto Spoleto NNP 12162 351 21 , , , 12162 351 22 in in IN 12162 351 23 the the DT 12162 351 24 year year NN 12162 351 25 787 787 CD 12162 351 26 . . . 12162 352 1 A a DT 12162 352 2 certain certain JJ 12162 352 3 nun nun NN 12162 352 4 named name VBN 12162 352 5 Alerona Alerona NNP 12162 352 6 , , , 12162 352 7 for for IN 12162 352 8 having have VBG 12162 352 9 married marry VBN 12162 352 10 a a DT 12162 352 11 man man NN 12162 352 12 named name VBN 12162 352 13 Rabennonus Rabennonus NNP 12162 352 14 , , , 12162 352 15 " " '' 12162 352 16 secundum secundum NN 12162 352 17 legem legem NNP 12162 352 18 omnis omnis NNP 12162 352 19 substantia substantia NNP 12162 352 20 ipsius ipsius NNP 12162 352 21 ad ad NN 12162 352 22 Publicum Publicum NNP 12162 352 23 devoluta devoluta NN 12162 352 24 est est NNP 12162 352 25 " " '' 12162 352 26 ; ; : 12162 352 27 a a DT 12162 352 28 little little JJ 12162 352 29 later later JJ 12162 352 30 Rabennonus Rabennonus NNP 12162 352 31 , , , 12162 352 32 for for IN 12162 352 33 having have VBG 12162 352 34 killed kill VBN 12162 352 35 a a DT 12162 352 36 man man NN 12162 352 37 , , , 12162 352 38 " " '' 12162 352 39 medietas medietas NNP 12162 352 40 omnis omnis NNP 12162 352 41 illius illius NNP 12162 352 42 substantiae substantiae NNS 12162 352 43 ad ad NN 12162 352 44 Publicum Publicum NNP 12162 352 45 devoluta devoluta NN 12162 352 46 est est NNP 12162 352 47 . . . 12162 352 48 " " '' 12162 353 1 In in IN 12162 353 2 consequence consequence NN 12162 353 3 , , , 12162 353 4 in in IN 12162 353 5 poetic poetic JJ 12162 353 6 justice justice NN 12162 353 7 and and CC 12162 353 8 for for IN 12162 353 9 the the DT 12162 353 10 good good NN 12162 353 11 of of IN 12162 353 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 353 13 soul soul NN 12162 353 14 and and CC 12162 353 15 the the DT 12162 353 16 king king NN 12162 353 17 's 's POS 12162 353 18 , , , 12162 353 19 Hildeprandus Hildeprandus NNP 12162 353 20 quite quite RB 12162 353 21 arbitrarily arbitrarily RB 12162 353 22 presents present VBZ 12162 353 23 " " '' 12162 353 24 omnem omnem NNP 12162 353 25 praedictam praedictam NNPS 12162 353 26 illorum illorum NNP 12162 353 27 substantiam substantiam NNP 12162 353 28 , , , 12162 353 29 qualiter qualiter NN 12162 353 30 secundum secundum NN 12162 353 31 legem legem NNP 12162 353 32 juste juste NNP 12162 353 33 et et NNP 12162 353 34 rationabiliter rationabiliter NN 12162 353 35 , , , 12162 353 36 ad ad NN 12162 353 37 Publicum Publicum NNP 12162 353 38 devoluta devoluta NN 12162 353 39 est est NNP 12162 353 40 , , , 12162 353 41 " " `` 12162 353 42 to to IN 12162 353 43 the the DT 12162 353 44 Monastery Monastery NNP 12162 353 45 of of IN 12162 353 46 Farfa Farfa NNP 12162 353 47 " " '' 12162 353 48 pro pro JJ 12162 353 49 mercede mercede JJ 12162 353 50 Domnorum Domnorum NNP 12162 353 51 nostrorum nostrorum NN 12162 353 52 Regum Regum NNP 12162 353 53 et et NNP 12162 353 54 nostra nostra NN 12162 353 55 . . . 12162 353 56 " " '' 12162 354 1 Here here RB 12162 354 2 , , , 12162 354 3 as as IN 12162 354 4 in in IN 12162 354 5 many many JJ 12162 354 6 other other JJ 12162 354 7 cases case NNS 12162 354 8 , , , 12162 354 9 we -PRON- PRP 12162 354 10 see see VBP 12162 354 11 the the DT 12162 354 12 _ _ NNP 12162 354 13 dux dux NN 12162 354 14 _ _ NNP 12162 354 15 making make VBG 12162 354 16 gifts gift NNS 12162 354 17 of of IN 12162 354 18 property property NN 12162 354 19 belonging belong VBG 12162 354 20 clearly clearly RB 12162 354 21 to to IN 12162 354 22 the the DT 12162 354 23 _ _ NNP 12162 354 24 publicum publicum NN 12162 354 25 _ _ NNP 12162 354 26 , , , 12162 354 27 to to IN 12162 354 28 persons person NNS 12162 354 29 favored favor VBN 12162 354 30 by by IN 12162 354 31 him -PRON- PRP 12162 354 32 and and CC 12162 354 33 for for IN 12162 354 34 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 354 35 own own JJ 12162 354 36 benefit benefit NN 12162 354 37 . . . 12162 355 1 Such such PDT 12162 355 2 a a DT 12162 355 3 condition condition NN 12162 355 4 of of IN 12162 355 5 affairs affair NNS 12162 355 6 would would MD 12162 355 7 certainly certainly RB 12162 355 8 never never RB 12162 355 9 have have VB 12162 355 10 existed exist VBN 12162 355 11 had have VBN 12162 355 12 public public JJ 12162 355 13 property property NN 12162 355 14 been be VBN 12162 355 15 administered administer VBN 12162 355 16 by by IN 12162 355 17 authority authority NN 12162 355 18 other other JJ 12162 355 19 than than IN 12162 355 20 that that DT 12162 355 21 of of IN 12162 355 22 the the DT 12162 355 23 _ _ NNP 12162 355 24 dux dux NN 12162 355 25 _ _ NNP 12162 355 26 . . . 12162 356 1 With with IN 12162 356 2 regard regard NN 12162 356 3 to to IN 12162 356 4 the the DT 12162 356 5 revenues revenue NNS 12162 356 6 falling fall VBG 12162 356 7 under under IN 12162 356 8 the the DT 12162 356 9 second second JJ 12162 356 10 of of IN 12162 356 11 the the DT 12162 356 12 rough rough JJ 12162 356 13 divisions division NNS 12162 356 14 we -PRON- PRP 12162 356 15 have have VBP 12162 356 16 indicated indicate VBN 12162 356 17 -- -- : 12162 356 18 taxes taxis NNS 12162 356 19 and and CC 12162 356 20 privileges privilege NNS 12162 356 21 -- -- : 12162 356 22 it -PRON- PRP 12162 356 23 is be VBZ 12162 356 24 easier easy JJR 12162 356 25 to to TO 12162 356 26 see see VB 12162 356 27 why why WRB 12162 356 28 differences difference NNS 12162 356 29 of of IN 12162 356 30 opinion opinion NN 12162 356 31 should should MD 12162 356 32 have have VB 12162 356 33 arisen arise VBN 12162 356 34 ; ; : 12162 356 35 for for IN 12162 356 36 here here RB 12162 356 37 , , , 12162 356 38 especially especially RB 12162 356 39 in in IN 12162 356 40 matters matter NNS 12162 356 41 relating relate VBG 12162 356 42 to to IN 12162 356 43 the the DT 12162 356 44 collecting collecting NN 12162 356 45 of of IN 12162 356 46 taxes taxis NNS 12162 356 47 and and CC 12162 356 48 dues due NNS 12162 356 49 , , , 12162 356 50 we -PRON- PRP 12162 356 51 are be VBP 12162 356 52 confronted confront VBN 12162 356 53 with with IN 12162 356 54 the the DT 12162 356 55 names name NNS 12162 356 56 of of IN 12162 356 57 a a DT 12162 356 58 large large JJ 12162 356 59 number number NN 12162 356 60 of of IN 12162 356 61 lesser less JJR 12162 356 62 officials official NNS 12162 356 63 and and CC 12162 356 64 subordinates subordinate NNS 12162 356 65 of of IN 12162 356 66 the the DT 12162 356 67 _ _ NNP 12162 356 68 judex judex NN 12162 356 69 _ _ NNP 12162 356 70 , , , 12162 356 71 some some DT 12162 356 72 of of IN 12162 356 73 which which WDT 12162 356 74 are be VBP 12162 356 75 undoubtedly undoubtedly RB 12162 356 76 taken take VBN 12162 356 77 from from IN 12162 356 78 the the DT 12162 356 79 like like JJ 12162 356 80 officers officer NNS 12162 356 81 existing exist VBG 12162 356 82 in in IN 12162 356 83 the the DT 12162 356 84 old old JJ 12162 356 85 Roman roman JJ 12162 356 86 curial curial JJ 12162 356 87 system system NN 12162 356 88 . . . 12162 357 1 But but CC 12162 357 2 this this DT 12162 357 3 survival survival NN 12162 357 4 of of IN 12162 357 5 names name NNS 12162 357 6 , , , 12162 357 7 and and CC 12162 357 8 in in IN 12162 357 9 some some DT 12162 357 10 instances instance NNS 12162 357 11 of of IN 12162 357 12 offices office NNS 12162 357 13 , , , 12162 357 14 need nee MD 12162 357 15 cause cause VB 12162 357 16 us -PRON- PRP 12162 357 17 no no DT 12162 357 18 alarm alarm NN 12162 357 19 , , , 12162 357 20 for for IN 12162 357 21 it -PRON- PRP 12162 357 22 coincides coincide VBZ 12162 357 23 exactly exactly RB 12162 357 24 with with IN 12162 357 25 the the DT 12162 357 26 theory theory NN 12162 357 27 presented present VBN 12162 357 28 , , , 12162 357 29 namely namely RB 12162 357 30 , , , 12162 357 31 a a DT 12162 357 32 continuance continuance NN 12162 357 33 of of IN 12162 357 34 many many JJ 12162 357 35 of of IN 12162 357 36 the the DT 12162 357 37 old old JJ 12162 357 38 _ _ NNP 12162 357 39 forms form NNS 12162 357 40 _ _ NNP 12162 357 41 of of IN 12162 357 42 administration administration NN 12162 357 43 controlled control VBN 12162 357 44 by by IN 12162 357 45 an an DT 12162 357 46 entirely entirely RB 12162 357 47 new new JJ 12162 357 48 _ _ NNP 12162 357 49 principle principle NN 12162 357 50 _ _ NN 12162 357 51 of of IN 12162 357 52 government government NN 12162 357 53 . . . 12162 358 1 There there EX 12162 358 2 are be VBP 12162 358 3 certain certain JJ 12162 358 4 minor minor JJ 12162 358 5 functions function NNS 12162 358 6 necessary necessary JJ 12162 358 7 for for IN 12162 358 8 the the DT 12162 358 9 support support NN 12162 358 10 of of IN 12162 358 11 the the DT 12162 358 12 state state NN 12162 358 13 which which WDT 12162 358 14 must must MD 12162 358 15 be be VB 12162 358 16 carried carry VBN 12162 358 17 on on RP 12162 358 18 in in IN 12162 358 19 much much RB 12162 358 20 the the DT 12162 358 21 same same JJ 12162 358 22 manner manner NN 12162 358 23 , , , 12162 358 24 whatever whatever WDT 12162 358 25 be be VBP 12162 358 26 the the DT 12162 358 27 character character NN 12162 358 28 of of IN 12162 358 29 the the DT 12162 358 30 governing govern VBG 12162 358 31 power power NN 12162 358 32 -- -- : 12162 358 33 certain certain JJ 12162 358 34 subordinate subordinate JJ 12162 358 35 offices office NNS 12162 358 36 whose whose WP$ 12162 358 37 duties duty NNS 12162 358 38 must must MD 12162 358 39 be be VB 12162 358 40 performed perform VBN 12162 358 41 under under IN 12162 358 42 a a DT 12162 358 43 republic republic NN 12162 358 44 or or CC 12162 358 45 under under IN 12162 358 46 a a DT 12162 358 47 despotism despotism NN 12162 358 48 . . . 12162 359 1 Taxes taxis NNS 12162 359 2 may may MD 12162 359 3 be be VB 12162 359 4 collected collect VBN 12162 359 5 by by IN 12162 359 6 widely widely RB 12162 359 7 differing differ VBG 12162 359 8 methods method NNS 12162 359 9 under under IN 12162 359 10 the the DT 12162 359 11 two two CD 12162 359 12 systems system NNS 12162 359 13 , , , 12162 359 14 but but CC 12162 359 15 there there EX 12162 359 16 must must MD 12162 359 17 always always RB 12162 359 18 be be VB 12162 359 19 the the DT 12162 359 20 tax tax NN 12162 359 21 collector collector NN 12162 359 22 and and CC 12162 359 23 the the DT 12162 359 24 tax tax NN 12162 359 25 assessor assessor NN 12162 359 26 . . . 12162 360 1 We -PRON- PRP 12162 360 2 can can MD 12162 360 3 , , , 12162 360 4 however however RB 12162 360 5 , , , 12162 360 6 see see VB 12162 360 7 at at IN 12162 360 8 a a DT 12162 360 9 glance glance NN 12162 360 10 the the DT 12162 360 11 weakness weakness NN 12162 360 12 of of IN 12162 360 13 any any DT 12162 360 14 argument argument NN 12162 360 15 which which WDT 12162 360 16 contends contend VBZ 12162 360 17 that that IN 12162 360 18 because because IN 12162 360 19 the the DT 12162 360 20 name name NN 12162 360 21 and and CC 12162 360 22 even even RB 12162 360 23 the the DT 12162 360 24 general general JJ 12162 360 25 duties duty NNS 12162 360 26 of of IN 12162 360 27 the the DT 12162 360 28 tax tax NN 12162 360 29 gatherer gatherer NN 12162 360 30 were be VBD 12162 360 31 the the DT 12162 360 32 same same JJ 12162 360 33 in in IN 12162 360 34 each each DT 12162 360 35 case case NN 12162 360 36 , , , 12162 360 37 that that IN 12162 360 38 the the DT 12162 360 39 whole whole JJ 12162 360 40 system system NN 12162 360 41 of of IN 12162 360 42 administration administration NN 12162 360 43 of of IN 12162 360 44 the the DT 12162 360 45 taxes taxis NNS 12162 360 46 or or CC 12162 360 47 of of IN 12162 360 48 the the DT 12162 360 49 community community NN 12162 360 50 were be VBD 12162 360 51 necessarily necessarily RB 12162 360 52 identical identical JJ 12162 360 53 or or CC 12162 360 54 even even RB 12162 360 55 closely closely RB 12162 360 56 allied ally VBN 12162 360 57 in in IN 12162 360 58 character character NN 12162 360 59 . . . 12162 361 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 361 2 is be VBZ 12162 361 3 here here RB 12162 361 4 we -PRON- PRP 12162 361 5 see see VBP 12162 361 6 the the DT 12162 361 7 weakness weakness NN 12162 361 8 of of IN 12162 361 9 those those DT 12162 361 10 writers writer NNS 12162 361 11 who who WP 12162 361 12 insist insist VBP 12162 361 13 upon upon IN 12162 361 14 the the DT 12162 361 15 continuance continuance NN 12162 361 16 of of IN 12162 361 17 the the DT 12162 361 18 Roman Roman NNP 12162 361 19 _ _ NNP 12162 361 20 curia curia NNP 12162 361 21 _ _ NNP 12162 361 22 in in IN 12162 361 23 the the DT 12162 361 24 municipalities municipality NNS 12162 361 25 of of IN 12162 361 26 the the DT 12162 361 27 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 361 28 kingdom kingdom NN 12162 361 29 . . . 12162 362 1 They -PRON- PRP 12162 362 2 seize seize VBP 12162 362 3 upon upon IN 12162 362 4 a a DT 12162 362 5 few few JJ 12162 362 6 names name NNS 12162 362 7 , , , 12162 362 8 relics relic NNS 12162 362 9 of of IN 12162 362 10 Roman roman JJ 12162 362 11 rule rule NN 12162 362 12 , , , 12162 362 13 and and CC 12162 362 14 from from IN 12162 362 15 them -PRON- PRP 12162 362 16 generalize generalize VBP 12162 362 17 a a DT 12162 362 18 complete complete JJ 12162 362 19 system system NN 12162 362 20 of of IN 12162 362 21 taxation taxation NN 12162 362 22 and and CC 12162 362 23 administration administration NN 12162 362 24 . . . 12162 363 1 That that IN 12162 363 2 the the DT 12162 363 3 existence existence NN 12162 363 4 of of IN 12162 363 5 any any DT 12162 363 6 such such JJ 12162 363 7 system system NN 12162 363 8 is be VBZ 12162 363 9 alike alike RB 12162 363 10 contrary contrary JJ 12162 363 11 to to IN 12162 363 12 fact fact NN 12162 363 13 and and CC 12162 363 14 to to IN 12162 363 15 the the DT 12162 363 16 whole whole JJ 12162 363 17 nature nature NN 12162 363 18 of of IN 12162 363 19 the the DT 12162 363 20 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 363 21 people people NNS 12162 363 22 , , , 12162 363 23 any any DT 12162 363 24 critical critical JJ 12162 363 25 and and CC 12162 363 26 impartial impartial JJ 12162 363 27 study study NN 12162 363 28 of of IN 12162 363 29 the the DT 12162 363 30 sources source NNS 12162 363 31 of of IN 12162 363 32 government government NN 12162 363 33 revenues revenue NNS 12162 363 34 at at IN 12162 363 35 this this DT 12162 363 36 time time NN 12162 363 37 will will MD 12162 363 38 make make VB 12162 363 39 clear clear JJ 12162 363 40 . . . 12162 364 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 364 2 would would MD 12162 364 3 be be VB 12162 364 4 out out IN 12162 364 5 of of IN 12162 364 6 place place NN 12162 364 7 to to TO 12162 364 8 burden burden VB 12162 364 9 a a DT 12162 364 10 paper paper NN 12162 364 11 of of IN 12162 364 12 this this DT 12162 364 13 character character NN 12162 364 14 with with IN 12162 364 15 the the DT 12162 364 16 results result NNS 12162 364 17 of of IN 12162 364 18 a a DT 12162 364 19 minute minute NN 12162 364 20 investigation investigation NN 12162 364 21 into into IN 12162 364 22 the the DT 12162 364 23 fiscal fiscal JJ 12162 364 24 relations relation NNS 12162 364 25 of of IN 12162 364 26 the the DT 12162 364 27 rulers ruler NNS 12162 364 28 and and CC 12162 364 29 the the DT 12162 364 30 people people NNS 12162 364 31 when when WRB 12162 364 32 this this DT 12162 364 33 has have VBZ 12162 364 34 no no DT 12162 364 35 immediate immediate JJ 12162 364 36 connection connection NN 12162 364 37 with with IN 12162 364 38 the the DT 12162 364 39 development development NN 12162 364 40 of of IN 12162 364 41 municipal municipal JJ 12162 364 42 government government NN 12162 364 43 ; ; : 12162 364 44 but but CC 12162 364 45 I -PRON- PRP 12162 364 46 will will MD 12162 364 47 state state VB 12162 364 48 that that IN 12162 364 49 a a DT 12162 364 50 careful careful JJ 12162 364 51 examination examination NN 12162 364 52 of of IN 12162 364 53 all all DT 12162 364 54 available available JJ 12162 364 55 sources source NNS 12162 364 56 , , , 12162 364 57 including include VBG 12162 364 58 documents document NNS 12162 364 59 and and CC 12162 364 60 statutory statutory JJ 12162 364 61 enactments enactment NNS 12162 364 62 , , , 12162 364 63 both both DT 12162 364 64 public public JJ 12162 364 65 and and CC 12162 364 66 private private JJ 12162 364 67 , , , 12162 364 68 reveals reveal NNS 12162 364 69 , , , 12162 364 70 to to IN 12162 364 71 my -PRON- PRP$ 12162 364 72 mind mind NN 12162 364 73 , , , 12162 364 74 a a DT 12162 364 75 theory theory NN 12162 364 76 and and CC 12162 364 77 a a DT 12162 364 78 system system NN 12162 364 79 of of IN 12162 364 80 raising raise VBG 12162 364 81 the the DT 12162 364 82 revenues revenue NNS 12162 364 83 of of IN 12162 364 84 the the DT 12162 364 85 state state NN 12162 364 86 closely closely RB 12162 364 87 allied ally VBN 12162 364 88 in in IN 12162 364 89 both both CC 12162 364 90 principle principle NN 12162 364 91 and and CC 12162 364 92 detail detail NN 12162 364 93 to to IN 12162 364 94 feudal feudal JJ 12162 364 95 forms form NNS 12162 364 96 and and CC 12162 364 97 feudal feudal JJ 12162 364 98 ideas idea NNS 12162 364 99 , , , 12162 364 100 and and CC 12162 364 101 having have VBG 12162 364 102 little little JJ 12162 364 103 in in IN 12162 364 104 common common JJ 12162 364 105 save save VB 12162 364 106 the the DT 12162 364 107 names name NNS 12162 364 108 of of IN 12162 364 109 a a DT 12162 364 110 few few JJ 12162 364 111 of of IN 12162 364 112 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 364 113 officers officer NNS 12162 364 114 , , , 12162 364 115 with with IN 12162 364 116 the the DT 12162 364 117 ancient ancient JJ 12162 364 118 methods method NNS 12162 364 119 of of IN 12162 364 120 collecting collect VBG 12162 364 121 the the DT 12162 364 122 taxes taxis NNS 12162 364 123 peculiar peculiar JJ 12162 364 124 to to IN 12162 364 125 the the DT 12162 364 126 Roman roman JJ 12162 364 127 municipal municipal JJ 12162 364 128 constitution constitution NN 12162 364 129 . . . 12162 365 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 365 2 41 41 CD 12162 365 3 ] ] -RRB- 12162 365 4 In in IN 12162 365 5 general general JJ 12162 365 6 terms term NNS 12162 365 7 , , , 12162 365 8 the the DT 12162 365 9 collectors collector NNS 12162 365 10 of of IN 12162 365 11 the the DT 12162 365 12 revenues revenue NNS 12162 365 13 were be VBD 12162 365 14 called call VBN 12162 365 15 _ _ NNP 12162 365 16 telonarii telonarii NN 12162 365 17 _ _ NNP 12162 365 18 , , , 12162 365 19 or or CC 12162 365 20 _ _ NNP 12162 365 21 actores actore VBZ 12162 365 22 , , , 12162 365 23 exactores exactores NNP 12162 365 24 _ _ NNP 12162 365 25 or or CC 12162 365 26 _ _ NNP 12162 365 27 actionarii actionarii NNP 12162 365 28 _ _ NNP 12162 365 29 , , , 12162 365 30 etc etc FW 12162 365 31 . . FW 12162 365 32 , , , 12162 365 33 and and CC 12162 365 34 the the DT 12162 365 35 taxes taxis NNS 12162 365 36 they -PRON- PRP 12162 365 37 collected collect VBD 12162 365 38 were be VBD 12162 365 39 the the DT 12162 365 40 usual usual JJ 12162 365 41 feudal feudal JJ 12162 365 42 dues due NNS 12162 365 43 , , , 12162 365 44 fines fine NNS 12162 365 45 , , , 12162 365 46 forfeitures forfeiture NNS 12162 365 47 , , , 12162 365 48 compositions composition NNS 12162 365 49 for for IN 12162 365 50 service service NN 12162 365 51 , , , 12162 365 52 etc etc FW 12162 365 53 . . . 12162 366 1 The the DT 12162 366 2 nomenclature nomenclature NN 12162 366 3 of of IN 12162 366 4 these these DT 12162 366 5 various various JJ 12162 366 6 officers officer NNS 12162 366 7 and and CC 12162 366 8 of of IN 12162 366 9 the the DT 12162 366 10 different different JJ 12162 366 11 duties duty NNS 12162 366 12 they -PRON- PRP 12162 366 13 had have VBD 12162 366 14 to to TO 12162 366 15 levy levy VB 12162 366 16 , , , 12162 366 17 varying vary VBG 12162 366 18 as as IN 12162 366 19 it -PRON- PRP 12162 366 20 did do VBD 12162 366 21 with with IN 12162 366 22 regard regard NN 12162 366 23 to to IN 12162 366 24 locality locality NN 12162 366 25 , , , 12162 366 26 and and CC 12162 366 27 more more RBR 12162 366 28 especially especially RB 12162 366 29 with with IN 12162 366 30 regard regard NN 12162 366 31 to to IN 12162 366 32 time time NN 12162 366 33 -- -- : 12162 366 34 the the DT 12162 366 35 Franks Franks NNP 12162 366 36 introducing introduce VBG 12162 366 37 an an DT 12162 366 38 entirely entirely RB 12162 366 39 new new JJ 12162 366 40 set set NN 12162 366 41 of of IN 12162 366 42 names name NNS 12162 366 43 for for IN 12162 366 44 institutions institution NNS 12162 366 45 often often RB 12162 366 46 identical identical JJ 12162 366 47 in in IN 12162 366 48 character character NN 12162 366 49 to to IN 12162 366 50 those those DT 12162 366 51 displaced displace VBN 12162 366 52 -- -- : 12162 366 53 presents present VBZ 12162 366 54 an an DT 12162 366 55 amount amount NN 12162 366 56 of of IN 12162 366 57 confusion confusion NN 12162 366 58 which which WDT 12162 366 59 , , , 12162 366 60 fortunately fortunately RB 12162 366 61 , , , 12162 366 62 it -PRON- PRP 12162 366 63 is be VBZ 12162 366 64 not not RB 12162 366 65 necessary necessary JJ 12162 366 66 for for IN 12162 366 67 us -PRON- PRP 12162 366 68 to to TO 12162 366 69 endeavor endeavor VB 12162 366 70 to to TO 12162 366 71 penetrate penetrate VB 12162 366 72 ; ; : 12162 366 73 but but CC 12162 366 74 , , , 12162 366 75 having have VBG 12162 366 76 stated state VBN 12162 366 77 the the DT 12162 366 78 foregoing forego VBG 12162 366 79 general general JJ 12162 366 80 conviction conviction NN 12162 366 81 with with IN 12162 366 82 regard regard NN 12162 366 83 to to IN 12162 366 84 the the DT 12162 366 85 fiscal fiscal JJ 12162 366 86 system system NN 12162 366 87 , , , 12162 366 88 we -PRON- PRP 12162 366 89 will will MD 12162 366 90 now now RB 12162 366 91 pass pass VB 12162 366 92 on on RP 12162 366 93 to to IN 12162 366 94 a a DT 12162 366 95 consideration consideration NN 12162 366 96 of of IN 12162 366 97 some some DT 12162 366 98 of of IN 12162 366 99 the the DT 12162 366 100 lesser less JJR 12162 366 101 offices office NNS 12162 366 102 held hold VBN 12162 366 103 within within IN 12162 366 104 each each DT 12162 366 105 _ _ NNP 12162 366 106 civitas civita NNS 12162 366 107 _ _ NNP 12162 366 108 by by IN 12162 366 109 the the DT 12162 366 110 deputies deputy NNS 12162 366 111 and and CC 12162 366 112 subordinates subordinate NNS 12162 366 113 of of IN 12162 366 114 the the DT 12162 366 115 _ _ NNP 12162 366 116 dux dux NN 12162 366 117 _ _ NNP 12162 366 118 . . . 12162 367 1 These these DT 12162 367 2 , , , 12162 367 3 of of IN 12162 367 4 course course NN 12162 367 5 , , , 12162 367 6 were be VBD 12162 367 7 connected connect VBN 12162 367 8 , , , 12162 367 9 in in IN 12162 367 10 degrees degree NNS 12162 367 11 more more RBR 12162 367 12 or or CC 12162 367 13 less less RBR 12162 367 14 close close JJ 12162 367 15 , , , 12162 367 16 with with IN 12162 367 17 the the DT 12162 367 18 different different JJ 12162 367 19 _ _ NNP 12162 367 20 curtes curte VBZ 12162 367 21 regiae regiae NNS 12162 367 22 _ _ NNP 12162 367 23 , , , 12162 367 24 and and CC 12162 367 25 with with IN 12162 367 26 the the DT 12162 367 27 _ _ NNP 12162 367 28 placita placita NN 12162 367 29 _ _ NNP 12162 367 30 held hold VBD 12162 367 31 in in IN 12162 367 32 the the DT 12162 367 33 various various JJ 12162 367 34 _ _ NNP 12162 367 35 civitates civitate NNS 12162 367 36 _ _ NNP 12162 367 37 commonly commonly RB 12162 367 38 about about IN 12162 367 39 three three CD 12162 367 40 times time NNS 12162 367 41 in in IN 12162 367 42 the the DT 12162 367 43 year year NN 12162 367 44 . . . 12162 368 1 Some some DT 12162 368 2 of of IN 12162 368 3 the the DT 12162 368 4 officers officer NNS 12162 368 5 , , , 12162 368 6 like like IN 12162 368 7 the the DT 12162 368 8 _ _ NNP 12162 368 9 vice vice NN 12162 368 10 - - HYPH 12162 368 11 comes come VBZ 12162 368 12 _ _ NNP 12162 368 13 found find VBD 12162 368 14 to to TO 12162 368 15 have have VB 12162 368 16 existed exist VBN 12162 368 17 in in IN 12162 368 18 many many JJ 12162 368 19 localities locality NNS 12162 368 20 , , , 12162 368 21 are be VBP 12162 368 22 simply simply RB 12162 368 23 deputies deputy NNS 12162 368 24 of of IN 12162 368 25 the the DT 12162 368 26 _ _ NNP 12162 368 27 dux dux NN 12162 368 28 _ _ NNP 12162 368 29 , , , 12162 368 30 or or CC 12162 368 31 representatives representative NNS 12162 368 32 of of IN 12162 368 33 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 368 34 person person NN 12162 368 35 , , , 12162 368 36 and and CC 12162 368 37 hold hold VB 12162 368 38 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 368 39 office office NN 12162 368 40 simply simply RB 12162 368 41 by by IN 12162 368 42 virtue virtue NN 12162 368 43 of of IN 12162 368 44 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 368 45 will will NN 12162 368 46 and and CC 12162 368 47 under under IN 12162 368 48 a a DT 12162 368 49 somewhat somewhat RB 12162 368 50 arbitrary arbitrary JJ 12162 368 51 tenure tenure NN 12162 368 52 ; ; : 12162 368 53 others other NNS 12162 368 54 , , , 12162 368 55 like like IN 12162 368 56 the the DT 12162 368 57 gastald gastald NNP 12162 368 58 , , , 12162 368 59 the the DT 12162 368 60 _ _ NNP 12162 368 61 sculdahis sculdahis JJ 12162 368 62 _ _ NNP 12162 368 63 , , , 12162 368 64 and and CC 12162 368 65 later later RBR 12162 368 66 the the DT 12162 368 67 _ _ NNP 12162 368 68 scabinus scabinus NN 12162 368 69 _ _ NNP 12162 368 70 , , , 12162 368 71 represent represent NN 12162 368 72 offices office NNS 12162 368 73 which which WDT 12162 368 74 formed form VBD 12162 368 75 an an DT 12162 368 76 integral integral JJ 12162 368 77 part part NN 12162 368 78 of of IN 12162 368 79 the the DT 12162 368 80 constitution constitution NN 12162 368 81 of of IN 12162 368 82 the the DT 12162 368 83 government government NN 12162 368 84 , , , 12162 368 85 and and CC 12162 368 86 appointment appointment NN 12162 368 87 to to TO 12162 368 88 which which WDT 12162 368 89 , , , 12162 368 90 whether whether IN 12162 368 91 made make VBN 12162 368 92 by by IN 12162 368 93 the the DT 12162 368 94 _ _ NNP 12162 368 95 dux dux NN 12162 368 96 _ _ NNP 12162 368 97 or or CC 12162 368 98 by by IN 12162 368 99 the the DT 12162 368 100 central central JJ 12162 368 101 power power NN 12162 368 102 , , , 12162 368 103 involved involve VBD 12162 368 104 a a DT 12162 368 105 necessary necessary JJ 12162 368 106 duty duty NN 12162 368 107 of of IN 12162 368 108 a a DT 12162 368 109 determinate determinate NN 12162 368 110 character character NN 12162 368 111 . . . 12162 369 1 An an DT 12162 369 2 accurate accurate JJ 12162 369 3 determination determination NN 12162 369 4 of of IN 12162 369 5 the the DT 12162 369 6 relative relative JJ 12162 369 7 positions position NNS 12162 369 8 of of IN 12162 369 9 these these DT 12162 369 10 various various JJ 12162 369 11 minor minor JJ 12162 369 12 officials official NNS 12162 369 13 , , , 12162 369 14 of of IN 12162 369 15 the the DT 12162 369 16 extent extent NN 12162 369 17 of of IN 12162 369 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 369 19 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 369 20 and and CC 12162 369 21 of of IN 12162 369 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 369 23 limitations limitation NNS 12162 369 24 , , , 12162 369 25 presents present VBZ 12162 369 26 one one CD 12162 369 27 of of IN 12162 369 28 the the DT 12162 369 29 most most RBS 12162 369 30 difficult difficult JJ 12162 369 31 problems problem NNS 12162 369 32 which which WDT 12162 369 33 the the DT 12162 369 34 student student NN 12162 369 35 of of IN 12162 369 36 these these DT 12162 369 37 dark dark JJ 12162 369 38 ages age NNS 12162 369 39 of of IN 12162 369 40 history history NN 12162 369 41 is be VBZ 12162 369 42 called call VBN 12162 369 43 upon upon IN 12162 369 44 to to TO 12162 369 45 solve solve VB 12162 369 46 . . . 12162 370 1 The the DT 12162 370 2 peculiar peculiar JJ 12162 370 3 character character NN 12162 370 4 of of IN 12162 370 5 the the DT 12162 370 6 sources source NNS 12162 370 7 from from IN 12162 370 8 which which WDT 12162 370 9 we -PRON- PRP 12162 370 10 have have VBP 12162 370 11 to to TO 12162 370 12 derive derive VB 12162 370 13 all all PDT 12162 370 14 our -PRON- PRP$ 12162 370 15 information information NN 12162 370 16 makes make VBZ 12162 370 17 it -PRON- PRP 12162 370 18 quite quite RB 12162 370 19 possible possible JJ 12162 370 20 for for IN 12162 370 21 all all DT 12162 370 22 writers writer NNS 12162 370 23 on on IN 12162 370 24 the the DT 12162 370 25 subject subject NN 12162 370 26 to to TO 12162 370 27 disagree disagree VB 12162 370 28 with with IN 12162 370 29 regard regard NN 12162 370 30 to to IN 12162 370 31 details detail NNS 12162 370 32 , , , 12162 370 33 and and CC 12162 370 34 leaves leave VBZ 12162 370 35 a a DT 12162 370 36 wide wide JJ 12162 370 37 margin margin NN 12162 370 38 for for IN 12162 370 39 discussion discussion NN 12162 370 40 even even RB 12162 370 41 on on IN 12162 370 42 the the DT 12162 370 43 important important JJ 12162 370 44 characteristics characteristic NNS 12162 370 45 of of IN 12162 370 46 the the DT 12162 370 47 various various JJ 12162 370 48 offices office NNS 12162 370 49 . . . 12162 371 1 Avoiding avoid VBG 12162 371 2 as as RB 12162 371 3 much much RB 12162 371 4 as as IN 12162 371 5 possible possible JJ 12162 371 6 the the DT 12162 371 7 points point NNS 12162 371 8 of of IN 12162 371 9 controversy controversy NN 12162 371 10 , , , 12162 371 11 I -PRON- PRP 12162 371 12 will will MD 12162 371 13 endeavor endeavor VB 12162 371 14 to to TO 12162 371 15 give give VB 12162 371 16 the the DT 12162 371 17 general general JJ 12162 371 18 features feature NNS 12162 371 19 of of IN 12162 371 20 the the DT 12162 371 21 more more RBR 12162 371 22 important important JJ 12162 371 23 of of IN 12162 371 24 these these DT 12162 371 25 offices office NNS 12162 371 26 , , , 12162 371 27 the the DT 12162 371 28 conclusions conclusion NNS 12162 371 29 given give VBN 12162 371 30 in in IN 12162 371 31 each each DT 12162 371 32 case case NN 12162 371 33 resulting result VBG 12162 371 34 from from IN 12162 371 35 an an DT 12162 371 36 examination examination NN 12162 371 37 of of IN 12162 371 38 the the DT 12162 371 39 different different JJ 12162 371 40 theories theory NNS 12162 371 41 held hold VBN 12162 371 42 and and CC 12162 371 43 of of IN 12162 371 44 the the DT 12162 371 45 sources source NNS 12162 371 46 on on IN 12162 371 47 which which WDT 12162 371 48 these these DT 12162 371 49 are be VBP 12162 371 50 based base VBN 12162 371 51 . . . 12162 372 1 The the DT 12162 372 2 officer officer NN 12162 372 3 who who WP 12162 372 4 seems seem VBZ 12162 372 5 to to TO 12162 372 6 have have VB 12162 372 7 ranked rank VBN 12162 372 8 next next RB 12162 372 9 in in IN 12162 372 10 importance importance NN 12162 372 11 to to IN 12162 372 12 the the DT 12162 372 13 _ _ NNP 12162 372 14 dux dux NN 12162 372 15 _ _ NNP 12162 372 16 within within IN 12162 372 17 the the DT 12162 372 18 limits limit NNS 12162 372 19 of of IN 12162 372 20 the the DT 12162 372 21 _ _ NNP 12162 372 22 civitas civita NNS 12162 372 23 _ _ NNP 12162 372 24 is be VBZ 12162 372 25 the the DT 12162 372 26 gastald gastald NN 12162 372 27 , , , 12162 372 28 who who WP 12162 372 29 goes go VBZ 12162 372 30 indifferently indifferently RB 12162 372 31 by by IN 12162 372 32 the the DT 12162 372 33 name name NN 12162 372 34 of of IN 12162 372 35 _ _ NNP 12162 372 36 gastaldus gastaldus NNP 12162 372 37 , , , 12162 372 38 castaldius castaldius NNP 12162 372 39 _ _ NNP 12162 372 40 , , , 12162 372 41 or or CC 12162 372 42 _ _ NNP 12162 372 43 gastaldio gastaldio NN 12162 372 44 _ _ NNP 12162 372 45 . . . 12162 373 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 12162 373 2 powers power NNS 12162 373 3 were be VBD 12162 373 4 of of IN 12162 373 5 a a DT 12162 373 6 judicial judicial JJ 12162 373 7 character character NN 12162 373 8 , , , 12162 373 9 and and CC 12162 373 10 he -PRON- PRP 12162 373 11 shared share VBD 12162 373 12 with with IN 12162 373 13 the the DT 12162 373 14 _ _ NNP 12162 373 15 dux dux NN 12162 373 16 _ _ NNP 12162 373 17 the the DT 12162 373 18 title title NN 12162 373 19 of of IN 12162 373 20 _ _ NNP 12162 373 21 judex judex NNP 12162 373 22 _ _ NNP 12162 373 23 ; ; : 12162 373 24 but but CC 12162 373 25 whether whether IN 12162 373 26 he -PRON- PRP 12162 373 27 enjoyed enjoy VBD 12162 373 28 the the DT 12162 373 29 full full JJ 12162 373 30 prerogative prerogative NN 12162 373 31 of of IN 12162 373 32 a a DT 12162 373 33 _ _ NNP 12162 373 34 judex judex NN 12162 373 35 civitatis civitatis NN 12162 373 36 _ _ NNP 12162 373 37 , , , 12162 373 38 or or CC 12162 373 39 whether whether IN 12162 373 40 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 373 41 judicial judicial JJ 12162 373 42 functions function NNS 12162 373 43 were be VBD 12162 373 44 of of IN 12162 373 45 a a DT 12162 373 46 more more RBR 12162 373 47 limited limited JJ 12162 373 48 character character NN 12162 373 49 and and CC 12162 373 50 referred refer VBD 12162 373 51 exclusively exclusively RB 12162 373 52 to to IN 12162 373 53 matters matter NNS 12162 373 54 of of IN 12162 373 55 a a DT 12162 373 56 fiscal fiscal JJ 12162 373 57 nature nature NN 12162 373 58 belonging belong VBG 12162 373 59 to to IN 12162 373 60 the the DT 12162 373 61 _ _ NNP 12162 373 62 curtis curtis NN 12162 373 63 regia regia NNP 12162 373 64 _ _ NNP 12162 373 65 or or CC 12162 373 66 the the DT 12162 373 67 _ _ NNP 12162 373 68 camera camera NN 12162 373 69 _ _ NNP 12162 373 70 of of IN 12162 373 71 the the DT 12162 373 72 king king NN 12162 373 73 , , , 12162 373 74 is be VBZ 12162 373 75 a a DT 12162 373 76 question question NN 12162 373 77 to to TO 12162 373 78 which which WDT 12162 373 79 the the DT 12162 373 80 evidence evidence NN 12162 373 81 to to TO 12162 373 82 be be VB 12162 373 83 gathered gather VBN 12162 373 84 from from IN 12162 373 85 the the DT 12162 373 86 law law NN 12162 373 87 codes code NNS 12162 373 88 gives give VBZ 12162 373 89 no no DT 12162 373 90 decided decided JJ 12162 373 91 answer answer NN 12162 373 92 . . . 12162 374 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 374 2 42 42 CD 12162 374 3 ] ] -RRB- 12162 374 4 It -PRON- PRP 12162 374 5 seems seem VBZ 12162 374 6 probable probable JJ 12162 374 7 , , , 12162 374 8 however however RB 12162 374 9 , , , 12162 374 10 from from IN 12162 374 11 the the DT 12162 374 12 importance importance NN 12162 374 13 seemingly seemingly RB 12162 374 14 attached attach VBN 12162 374 15 to to IN 12162 374 16 the the DT 12162 374 17 holders holder NNS 12162 374 18 of of IN 12162 374 19 this this DT 12162 374 20 title title NN 12162 374 21 in in IN 12162 374 22 the the DT 12162 374 23 many many JJ 12162 374 24 cases case NNS 12162 374 25 in in IN 12162 374 26 which which WDT 12162 374 27 they -PRON- PRP 12162 374 28 are be VBP 12162 374 29 mentioned mention VBN 12162 374 30 in in IN 12162 374 31 the the DT 12162 374 32 old old JJ 12162 374 33 laws law NNS 12162 374 34 and and CC 12162 374 35 documents document NNS 12162 374 36 , , , 12162 374 37 that that IN 12162 374 38 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 374 39 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 374 40 was be VBD 12162 374 41 of of IN 12162 374 42 a a DT 12162 374 43 broader broad JJR 12162 374 44 character character NN 12162 374 45 than than IN 12162 374 46 would would MD 12162 374 47 be be VB 12162 374 48 implied imply VBN 12162 374 49 by by IN 12162 374 50 a a DT 12162 374 51 restriction restriction NN 12162 374 52 to to TO 12162 374 53 purely purely RB 12162 374 54 fiscal fiscal JJ 12162 374 55 functions function NNS 12162 374 56 ; ; : 12162 374 57 in in IN 12162 374 58 fact fact NN 12162 374 59 , , , 12162 374 60 that that IN 12162 374 61 it -PRON- PRP 12162 374 62 approached approach VBD 12162 374 63 more more RBR 12162 374 64 nearly nearly RB 12162 374 65 to to IN 12162 374 66 the the DT 12162 374 67 power power NN 12162 374 68 of of IN 12162 374 69 the the DT 12162 374 70 _ _ NNP 12162 374 71 dux dux NN 12162 374 72 _ _ NNP 12162 374 73 and and CC 12162 374 74 _ _ NNP 12162 374 75 judex judex NNP 12162 374 76 civitatis civitatis NN 12162 374 77 _ _ NNP 12162 374 78 , , , 12162 374 79 though though IN 12162 374 80 being be VBG 12162 374 81 in in IN 12162 374 82 some some DT 12162 374 83 way way NN 12162 374 84 of of IN 12162 374 85 less less JJR 12162 374 86 extent extent NN 12162 374 87 or or CC 12162 374 88 possibly possibly RB 12162 374 89 supplementary supplementary JJ 12162 374 90 to to IN 12162 374 91 it -PRON- PRP 12162 374 92 . . . 12162 375 1 Perhaps perhaps RB 12162 375 2 the the DT 12162 375 3 distinction distinction NN 12162 375 4 would would MD 12162 375 5 come come VB 12162 375 6 out out RP 12162 375 7 more more RBR 12162 375 8 clearly clearly RB 12162 375 9 if if IN 12162 375 10 we -PRON- PRP 12162 375 11 said say VBD 12162 375 12 that that IN 12162 375 13 the the DT 12162 375 14 office office NN 12162 375 15 was be VBD 12162 375 16 characterized characterize VBN 12162 375 17 by by IN 12162 375 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 375 19 relations relation NNS 12162 375 20 to to IN 12162 375 21 the the DT 12162 375 22 fiscal fiscal JJ 12162 375 23 functions function NNS 12162 375 24 of of IN 12162 375 25 the the DT 12162 375 26 state state NN 12162 375 27 , , , 12162 375 28 but but CC 12162 375 29 that that IN 12162 375 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 375 31 duties duty NNS 12162 375 32 and and CC 12162 375 33 privileges privilege NNS 12162 375 34 appear appear VBP 12162 375 35 not not RB 12162 375 36 to to TO 12162 375 37 have have VB 12162 375 38 been be VBN 12162 375 39 restricted restrict VBN 12162 375 40 to to IN 12162 375 41 affairs affair NNS 12162 375 42 of of IN 12162 375 43 that that DT 12162 375 44 nature nature NN 12162 375 45 . . . 12162 376 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 376 2 is be VBZ 12162 376 3 certainly certainly RB 12162 376 4 true true JJ 12162 376 5 that that IN 12162 376 6 very very RB 12162 376 7 many many JJ 12162 376 8 instances instance NNS 12162 376 9 occur occur VBP 12162 376 10 in in IN 12162 376 11 which which WDT 12162 376 12 the the DT 12162 376 13 duke duke NN 12162 376 14 and and CC 12162 376 15 the the DT 12162 376 16 gastald gastald NN 12162 376 17 are be VBP 12162 376 18 alluded allude VBN 12162 376 19 to to IN 12162 376 20 , , , 12162 376 21 whether whether IN 12162 376 22 in in IN 12162 376 23 laws law NNS 12162 376 24 or or CC 12162 376 25 in in IN 12162 376 26 contracts contract NNS 12162 376 27 , , , 12162 376 28 in in IN 12162 376 29 precisely precisely RB 12162 376 30 the the DT 12162 376 31 same same JJ 12162 376 32 terms term NNS 12162 376 33 and and CC 12162 376 34 in in IN 12162 376 35 positions position NNS 12162 376 36 which which WDT 12162 376 37 would would MD 12162 376 38 seem seem VB 12162 376 39 to to TO 12162 376 40 indicate indicate VB 12162 376 41 an an DT 12162 376 42 almost almost RB 12162 376 43 perfect perfect JJ 12162 376 44 equality equality NN 12162 376 45 of of IN 12162 376 46 dignity dignity NN 12162 376 47 . . . 12162 377 1 As as IN 12162 377 2 , , , 12162 377 3 for for IN 12162 377 4 example example NN 12162 377 5 , , , 12162 377 6 in in IN 12162 377 7 a a DT 12162 377 8 meeting meeting NN 12162 377 9 between between IN 12162 377 10 Liutprand Liutprand NNP 12162 377 11 and and CC 12162 377 12 Pope Pope NNP 12162 377 13 Zacharias Zacharias NNP 12162 377 14 , , , 12162 377 15 described describe VBN 12162 377 16 by by IN 12162 377 17 Anastasius Anastasius NNP 12162 377 18 Bibliotecharius,[43 Bibliotecharius,[43 NNP 12162 377 19 ] ] -RRB- 12162 377 20 where where WRB 12162 377 21 dukes duke NNS 12162 377 22 and and CC 12162 377 23 gastalds gastald NNS 12162 377 24 are be VBP 12162 377 25 together together RB 12162 377 26 reckoned reckon VBN 12162 377 27 among among IN 12162 377 28 the the DT 12162 377 29 _ _ NNP 12162 377 30 judices judices NNPS 12162 377 31 _ _ NNP 12162 377 32 : : : 12162 377 33 here here RB 12162 377 34 the the DT 12162 377 35 king king NN 12162 377 36 goes go VBZ 12162 377 37 to to TO 12162 377 38 meet meet VB 12162 377 39 the the DT 12162 377 40 pope pope NNP 12162 377 41 " " `` 12162 377 42 cum cum NNP 12162 377 43 suis suis NNP 12162 377 44 judicibus judicibus NNP 12162 377 45 , , , 12162 377 46 " " '' 12162 377 47 and and CC 12162 377 48 gives give VBZ 12162 377 49 him -PRON- PRP 12162 377 50 as as IN 12162 377 51 an an DT 12162 377 52 escort escort NN 12162 377 53 " " `` 12162 377 54 Agripandum Agripandum NNP 12162 377 55 ducem ducem VBZ 12162 377 56 Clusinum Clusinum NNP 12162 377 57 , , , 12162 377 58 nepotem nepotem JJ 12162 377 59 suum suum NN 12162 377 60 , , , 12162 377 61 seu seu NN 12162 377 62 Tacipertum Tacipertum NNP 12162 377 63 Castaldium Castaldium NNP 12162 377 64 et et NNP 12162 377 65 Remingum Remingum NNP 12162 377 66 , , , 12162 377 67 Castaldum Castaldum NNP 12162 377 68 Tuscanensem Tuscanensem NNP 12162 377 69 . . . 12162 377 70 " " '' 12162 378 1 In in IN 12162 378 2 spite spite NN 12162 378 3 of of IN 12162 378 4 this this DT 12162 378 5 apparent apparent JJ 12162 378 6 equality equality NN 12162 378 7 , , , 12162 378 8 however however RB 12162 378 9 , , , 12162 378 10 it -PRON- PRP 12162 378 11 seems seem VBZ 12162 378 12 to to IN 12162 378 13 me -PRON- PRP 12162 378 14 nearer nearer IN 12162 378 15 the the DT 12162 378 16 truth truth NN 12162 378 17 to to TO 12162 378 18 consider consider VB 12162 378 19 the the DT 12162 378 20 position position NN 12162 378 21 of of IN 12162 378 22 the the DT 12162 378 23 gastald gastald NNP 12162 378 24 as as IN 12162 378 25 an an DT 12162 378 26 inferior inferior JJ 12162 378 27 one one NN 12162 378 28 to to IN 12162 378 29 that that DT 12162 378 30 of of IN 12162 378 31 the the DT 12162 378 32 _ _ NNP 12162 378 33 dux dux NN 12162 378 34 _ _ NNP 12162 378 35 , , , 12162 378 36 especially especially RB 12162 378 37 in in IN 12162 378 38 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 378 39 times times NNP 12162 378 40 , , , 12162 378 41 before before IN 12162 378 42 that that DT 12162 378 43 official official NN 12162 378 44 was be VBD 12162 378 45 replaced replace VBN 12162 378 46 by by IN 12162 378 47 the the DT 12162 378 48 _ _ NNP 12162 378 49 comes come VBZ 12162 378 50 _ _ NNP 12162 378 51 of of IN 12162 378 52 the the DT 12162 378 53 Carlovingians Carlovingians NNPS 12162 378 54 . . . 12162 379 1 The the DT 12162 379 2 important important JJ 12162 379 3 point point NN 12162 379 4 which which WDT 12162 379 5 it -PRON- PRP 12162 379 6 is be VBZ 12162 379 7 necessary necessary JJ 12162 379 8 to to TO 12162 379 9 emphasize emphasize VB 12162 379 10 in in IN 12162 379 11 this this DT 12162 379 12 connection connection NN 12162 379 13 is be VBZ 12162 379 14 the the DT 12162 379 15 fact fact NN 12162 379 16 that that IN 12162 379 17 the the DT 12162 379 18 gastald gastald NNP 12162 379 19 held hold VBD 12162 379 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 379 21 tenure tenure NN 12162 379 22 , , , 12162 379 23 not not RB 12162 379 24 from from IN 12162 379 25 the the DT 12162 379 26 _ _ NNP 12162 379 27 dux dux NN 12162 379 28 _ _ NNP 12162 379 29 as as IN 12162 379 30 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 379 31 subordinate subordinate JJ 12162 379 32 , , , 12162 379 33 but but CC 12162 379 34 from from IN 12162 379 35 the the DT 12162 379 36 king king NN 12162 379 37 in in IN 12162 379 38 person person NN 12162 379 39 , , , 12162 379 40 and and CC 12162 379 41 for for IN 12162 379 42 this this DT 12162 379 43 reason reason NN 12162 379 44 can can MD 12162 379 45 more more RBR 12162 379 46 fitly fitly RB 12162 379 47 be be VB 12162 379 48 compared compare VBN 12162 379 49 with with IN 12162 379 50 the the DT 12162 379 51 later later JJ 12162 379 52 count count NN 12162 379 53 than than IN 12162 379 54 with with IN 12162 379 55 the the DT 12162 379 56 _ _ NNP 12162 379 57 dux dux NN 12162 379 58 _ _ NNP 12162 379 59 of of IN 12162 379 60 the the DT 12162 379 61 Lombards Lombards NNPS 12162 379 62 . . . 12162 380 1 Consequently consequently RB 12162 380 2 it -PRON- PRP 12162 380 3 is be VBZ 12162 380 4 in in IN 12162 380 5 the the DT 12162 380 6 matter matter NN 12162 380 7 of of IN 12162 380 8 tenure tenure NN 12162 380 9 that that WDT 12162 380 10 I -PRON- PRP 12162 380 11 think think VBP 12162 380 12 is be VBZ 12162 380 13 to to TO 12162 380 14 be be VB 12162 380 15 found find VBN 12162 380 16 the the DT 12162 380 17 difference difference NN 12162 380 18 in in IN 12162 380 19 power power NN 12162 380 20 between between IN 12162 380 21 the the DT 12162 380 22 two two CD 12162 380 23 officers officer NNS 12162 380 24 . . . 12162 381 1 In in IN 12162 381 2 addition addition NN 12162 381 3 to to IN 12162 381 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 381 5 official official JJ 12162 381 6 authority authority NN 12162 381 7 , , , 12162 381 8 the the DT 12162 381 9 _ _ NNP 12162 381 10 dux dux NN 12162 381 11 _ _ NNP 12162 381 12 was be VBD 12162 381 13 possessed possess VBN 12162 381 14 of of IN 12162 381 15 a a DT 12162 381 16 power power NN 12162 381 17 and and CC 12162 381 18 an an DT 12162 381 19 influence influence NN 12162 381 20 entirely entirely RB 12162 381 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 381 22 own own JJ 12162 381 23 , , , 12162 381 24 derived derive VBN 12162 381 25 quite quite RB 12162 381 26 as as RB 12162 381 27 much much RB 12162 381 28 from from IN 12162 381 29 the the DT 12162 381 30 number number NN 12162 381 31 of of IN 12162 381 32 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 381 33 vassals vassal NNS 12162 381 34 and and CC 12162 381 35 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 381 36 position position NN 12162 381 37 in in IN 12162 381 38 the the DT 12162 381 39 _ _ NNP 12162 381 40 civitas civitas NN 12162 381 41 _ _ NNP 12162 381 42 as as IN 12162 381 43 from from IN 12162 381 44 the the DT 12162 381 45 grant grant NN 12162 381 46 he -PRON- PRP 12162 381 47 received receive VBD 12162 381 48 from from IN 12162 381 49 the the DT 12162 381 50 king king NN 12162 381 51 . . . 12162 382 1 At at IN 12162 382 2 home home NN 12162 382 3 he -PRON- PRP 12162 382 4 was be VBD 12162 382 5 a a DT 12162 382 6 powerful powerful JJ 12162 382 7 lord lord NN 12162 382 8 , , , 12162 382 9 and and CC 12162 382 10 though though IN 12162 382 11 he -PRON- PRP 12162 382 12 , , , 12162 382 13 of of IN 12162 382 14 course course NN 12162 382 15 , , , 12162 382 16 owed owe VBN 12162 382 17 fealty fealty NN 12162 382 18 and and CC 12162 382 19 service service NN 12162 382 20 to to IN 12162 382 21 the the DT 12162 382 22 king king NN 12162 382 23 , , , 12162 382 24 he -PRON- PRP 12162 382 25 was be VBD 12162 382 26 by by IN 12162 382 27 no no DT 12162 382 28 means means NN 12162 382 29 a a DT 12162 382 30 king king NN 12162 382 31 's 's POS 12162 382 32 servant servant NN 12162 382 33 , , , 12162 382 34 like like IN 12162 382 35 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 382 36 successor successor NN 12162 382 37 the the DT 12162 382 38 Carlovingian carlovingian JJ 12162 382 39 count count NN 12162 382 40 . . . 12162 383 1 The the DT 12162 383 2 gastald gastald NN 12162 383 3 , , , 12162 383 4 on on IN 12162 383 5 the the DT 12162 383 6 other other JJ 12162 383 7 hand hand NN 12162 383 8 , , , 12162 383 9 was be VBD 12162 383 10 eminently eminently RB 12162 383 11 a a DT 12162 383 12 servant servant NN 12162 383 13 of of IN 12162 383 14 the the DT 12162 383 15 central central JJ 12162 383 16 power power NN 12162 383 17 ; ; : 12162 383 18 and and CC 12162 383 19 whether whether IN 12162 383 20 or or CC 12162 383 21 not not RB 12162 383 22 he -PRON- PRP 12162 383 23 was be VBD 12162 383 24 engaged engage VBN 12162 383 25 exclusively exclusively RB 12162 383 26 in in IN 12162 383 27 looking look VBG 12162 383 28 after after IN 12162 383 29 the the DT 12162 383 30 fiscal fiscal JJ 12162 383 31 interests interest NNS 12162 383 32 of of IN 12162 383 33 the the DT 12162 383 34 masters master NNS 12162 383 35 who who WP 12162 383 36 employed employ VBD 12162 383 37 him -PRON- PRP 12162 383 38 , , , 12162 383 39 he -PRON- PRP 12162 383 40 had have VBD 12162 383 41 no no DT 12162 383 42 power power NN 12162 383 43 and and CC 12162 383 44 no no DT 12162 383 45 influence influence NN 12162 383 46 except except IN 12162 383 47 such such JJ 12162 383 48 as as IN 12162 383 49 he -PRON- PRP 12162 383 50 derived derive VBD 12162 383 51 from from IN 12162 383 52 the the DT 12162 383 53 source source NN 12162 383 54 of of IN 12162 383 55 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 383 56 authority authority NN 12162 383 57 . . . 12162 384 1 He -PRON- PRP 12162 384 2 was be VBD 12162 384 3 a a DT 12162 384 4 king king NN 12162 384 5 's 's POS 12162 384 6 minister minister NN 12162 384 7 and and CC 12162 384 8 nothing nothing NN 12162 384 9 more more RBR 12162 384 10 , , , 12162 384 11 and and CC 12162 384 12 we -PRON- PRP 12162 384 13 can can MD 12162 384 14 easily easily RB 12162 384 15 appreciate appreciate VB 12162 384 16 that that IN 12162 384 17 the the DT 12162 384 18 amount amount NN 12162 384 19 of of IN 12162 384 20 power power NN 12162 384 21 he -PRON- PRP 12162 384 22 was be VBD 12162 384 23 enabled enable VBN 12162 384 24 to to TO 12162 384 25 exercise exercise VB 12162 384 26 could could MD 12162 384 27 never never RB 12162 384 28 exceed exceed VB 12162 384 29 the the DT 12162 384 30 amount amount NN 12162 384 31 of of IN 12162 384 32 influence influence NN 12162 384 33 in in IN 12162 384 34 local local JJ 12162 384 35 affairs affair NNS 12162 384 36 possessed possess VBN 12162 384 37 at at IN 12162 384 38 any any DT 12162 384 39 particular particular JJ 12162 384 40 time time NN 12162 384 41 by by IN 12162 384 42 the the DT 12162 384 43 central central JJ 12162 384 44 government government NN 12162 384 45 , , , 12162 384 46 whose whose WP$ 12162 384 47 representative representative NN 12162 384 48 he -PRON- PRP 12162 384 49 was be VBD 12162 384 50 . . . 12162 385 1 But but CC 12162 385 2 the the DT 12162 385 3 very very JJ 12162 385 4 nature nature NN 12162 385 5 of of IN 12162 385 6 the the DT 12162 385 7 source source NN 12162 385 8 from from IN 12162 385 9 which which WDT 12162 385 10 the the DT 12162 385 11 power power NN 12162 385 12 of of IN 12162 385 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 385 14 office office NN 12162 385 15 is be VBZ 12162 385 16 derived derive VBN 12162 385 17 is be VBZ 12162 385 18 what what WP 12162 385 19 connects connect NNS 12162 385 20 it -PRON- PRP 12162 385 21 vitally vitally RB 12162 385 22 with with IN 12162 385 23 the the DT 12162 385 24 subject subject NN 12162 385 25 of of IN 12162 385 26 our -PRON- PRP$ 12162 385 27 enquiry enquiry NN 12162 385 28 . . . 12162 386 1 We -PRON- PRP 12162 386 2 have have VBP 12162 386 3 seen see VBN 12162 386 4 the the DT 12162 386 5 _ _ NNP 12162 386 6 dux dux NN 12162 386 7 _ _ NNP 12162 386 8 as as IN 12162 386 9 head head NN 12162 386 10 -- -- : 12162 386 11 in in IN 12162 386 12 the the DT 12162 386 13 earliest early JJS 12162 386 14 times time NNS 12162 386 15 almost almost RB 12162 386 16 independent independent JJ 12162 386 17 head head NN 12162 386 18 -- -- : 12162 386 19 of of IN 12162 386 20 the the DT 12162 386 21 whole whole JJ 12162 386 22 _ _ NNP 12162 386 23 civitas civita NNS 12162 386 24 _ _ NNP 12162 386 25 , , , 12162 386 26 including include VBG 12162 386 27 rural rural NN 12162 386 28 and and CC 12162 386 29 city city NN 12162 386 30 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 386 31 . . . 12162 387 1 We -PRON- PRP 12162 387 2 have have VBP 12162 387 3 seen see VBN 12162 387 4 him -PRON- PRP 12162 387 5 as as IN 12162 387 6 an an DT 12162 387 7 official official NN 12162 387 8 , , , 12162 387 9 depending depend VBG 12162 387 10 from from IN 12162 387 11 the the DT 12162 387 12 king king NN 12162 387 13 , , , 12162 387 14 it -PRON- PRP 12162 387 15 is be VBZ 12162 387 16 true true JJ 12162 387 17 , , , 12162 387 18 and and CC 12162 387 19 holding hold VBG 12162 387 20 the the DT 12162 387 21 king king NN 12162 387 22 's 's POS 12162 387 23 _ _ NNP 12162 387 24 placita placita NN 12162 387 25 _ _ NNP 12162 387 26 and and CC 12162 387 27 executing execute VBG 12162 387 28 the the DT 12162 387 29 law law NN 12162 387 30 , , , 12162 387 31 but but CC 12162 387 32 also also RB 12162 387 33 holding hold VBG 12162 387 34 _ _ NNP 12162 387 35 placita placita NN 12162 387 36 _ _ NNP 12162 387 37 of of IN 12162 387 38 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 387 39 own own JJ 12162 387 40 ; ; : 12162 387 41 appearing appear VBG 12162 387 42 as as IN 12162 387 43 a a DT 12162 387 44 powerful powerful JJ 12162 387 45 local local JJ 12162 387 46 lord lord NN 12162 387 47 , , , 12162 387 48 and and CC 12162 387 49 exercising exercise VBG 12162 387 50 almost almost RB 12162 387 51 arbitrary arbitrary JJ 12162 387 52 power power NN 12162 387 53 in in IN 12162 387 54 the the DT 12162 387 55 regulation regulation NN 12162 387 56 and and CC 12162 387 57 the the DT 12162 387 58 distribution distribution NN 12162 387 59 of of IN 12162 387 60 the the DT 12162 387 61 public public JJ 12162 387 62 property property NN 12162 387 63 of of IN 12162 387 64 the the DT 12162 387 65 commonwealth commonwealth NN 12162 387 66 over over IN 12162 387 67 which which WDT 12162 387 68 he -PRON- PRP 12162 387 69 ruled rule VBD 12162 387 70 ; ; : 12162 387 71 in in IN 12162 387 72 fact fact NN 12162 387 73 , , , 12162 387 74 a a DT 12162 387 75 descendant descendant NN 12162 387 76 of of IN 12162 387 77 the the DT 12162 387 78 old old JJ 12162 387 79 _ _ NNP 12162 387 80 duces duce VBZ 12162 387 81 _ _ NNP 12162 387 82 of of IN 12162 387 83 the the DT 12162 387 84 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 387 85 barbarian barbarian JJ 12162 387 86 host host NN 12162 387 87 , , , 12162 387 88 who who WP 12162 387 89 , , , 12162 387 90 perhaps perhaps RB 12162 387 91 , , , 12162 387 92 even even RB 12162 387 93 antedating antedate VBG 12162 387 94 the the DT 12162 387 95 royal royal JJ 12162 387 96 office office NN 12162 387 97 , , , 12162 387 98 held hold VBD 12162 387 99 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 387 100 power power NN 12162 387 101 and and CC 12162 387 102 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 387 103 position position NN 12162 387 104 as as IN 12162 387 105 princes prince NNS 12162 387 106 and and CC 12162 387 107 chosen choose VBN 12162 387 108 leaders leader NNS 12162 387 109 of of IN 12162 387 110 the the DT 12162 387 111 people people NNS 12162 387 112 , , , 12162 387 113 rather rather RB 12162 387 114 than than IN 12162 387 115 as as IN 12162 387 116 appointees appointee NNS 12162 387 117 or or CC 12162 387 118 dependents dependent NNS 12162 387 119 of of IN 12162 387 120 any any DT 12162 387 121 higher high JJR 12162 387 122 authority authority NN 12162 387 123 . . . 12162 388 1 In in IN 12162 388 2 the the DT 12162 388 3 gastald gastald NN 12162 388 4 , , , 12162 388 5 on on IN 12162 388 6 the the DT 12162 388 7 other other JJ 12162 388 8 hand hand NN 12162 388 9 , , , 12162 388 10 we -PRON- PRP 12162 388 11 have have VBP 12162 388 12 an an DT 12162 388 13 official official NN 12162 388 14 of of IN 12162 388 15 an an DT 12162 388 16 entirely entirely RB 12162 388 17 different different JJ 12162 388 18 type type NN 12162 388 19 -- -- : 12162 388 20 one one NN 12162 388 21 not not RB 12162 388 22 belonging belong VBG 12162 388 23 to to IN 12162 388 24 a a DT 12162 388 25 powerful powerful JJ 12162 388 26 class class NN 12162 388 27 of of IN 12162 388 28 lords lord NNS 12162 388 29 or or CC 12162 388 30 leaders leader NNS 12162 388 31 which which WDT 12162 388 32 traces trace VBZ 12162 388 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 388 34 origin origin NN 12162 388 35 to to IN 12162 388 36 the the DT 12162 388 37 spontaneous spontaneous JJ 12162 388 38 choice choice NN 12162 388 39 of of IN 12162 388 40 the the DT 12162 388 41 people people NNS 12162 388 42 or or CC 12162 388 43 army army NN 12162 388 44 , , , 12162 388 45 but but CC 12162 388 46 one one NN 12162 388 47 who who WP 12162 388 48 gets get VBZ 12162 388 49 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 388 50 appointment appointment NN 12162 388 51 at at IN 12162 388 52 the the DT 12162 388 53 will will NN 12162 388 54 and and CC 12162 388 55 in in IN 12162 388 56 the the DT 12162 388 57 interests interest NNS 12162 388 58 of of IN 12162 388 59 the the DT 12162 388 60 central central JJ 12162 388 61 government government NN 12162 388 62 , , , 12162 388 63 and and CC 12162 388 64 is be VBZ 12162 388 65 commissioned commission VBN 12162 388 66 to to TO 12162 388 67 exercise exercise VB 12162 388 68 certain certain JJ 12162 388 69 functions function NNS 12162 388 70 of of IN 12162 388 71 the the DT 12162 388 72 administration administration NN 12162 388 73 as as IN 12162 388 74 an an DT 12162 388 75 assistant assistant NN 12162 388 76 to to TO 12162 388 77 , , , 12162 388 78 perhaps perhaps RB 12162 388 79 even even RB 12162 388 80 as as IN 12162 388 81 a a DT 12162 388 82 check check NN 12162 388 83 on on IN 12162 388 84 , , , 12162 388 85 the the DT 12162 388 86 power power NN 12162 388 87 of of IN 12162 388 88 the the DT 12162 388 89 local local JJ 12162 388 90 head head NN 12162 388 91 . . . 12162 389 1 Such such PDT 12162 389 2 an an DT 12162 389 3 official official NN 12162 389 4 was be VBD 12162 389 5 naturally naturally RB 12162 389 6 located locate VBN 12162 389 7 at at IN 12162 389 8 the the DT 12162 389 9 place place NN 12162 389 10 where where WRB 12162 389 11 the the DT 12162 389 12 district district NN 12162 389 13 courts court NNS 12162 389 14 held hold VBD 12162 389 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 389 16 sessions session NNS 12162 389 17 , , , 12162 389 18 and and CC 12162 389 19 where where WRB 12162 389 20 the the DT 12162 389 21 fiscal fiscal JJ 12162 389 22 duties duty NNS 12162 389 23 which which WDT 12162 389 24 he -PRON- PRP 12162 389 25 especially especially RB 12162 389 26 had have VBD 12162 389 27 in in IN 12162 389 28 charge charge NN 12162 389 29 were be VBD 12162 389 30 most most RBS 12162 389 31 easily easily RB 12162 389 32 executed execute VBN 12162 389 33 . . . 12162 390 1 As as IN 12162 390 2 we -PRON- PRP 12162 390 3 have have VBP 12162 390 4 seen see VBN 12162 390 5 in in IN 12162 390 6 the the DT 12162 390 7 case case NN 12162 390 8 of of IN 12162 390 9 the the DT 12162 390 10 _ _ NNP 12162 390 11 dux dux NN 12162 390 12 _ _ NNP 12162 390 13 , , , 12162 390 14 convenience convenience NN 12162 390 15 points point NNS 12162 390 16 to to IN 12162 390 17 the the DT 12162 390 18 _ _ NNP 12162 390 19 urbs urb VBZ 12162 390 20 _ _ NNP 12162 390 21 of of IN 12162 390 22 each each DT 12162 390 23 _ _ NNP 12162 390 24 civitas civita NNS 12162 390 25 _ _ NNP 12162 390 26 as as IN 12162 390 27 a a DT 12162 390 28 natural natural JJ 12162 390 29 centre centre NN 12162 390 30 , , , 12162 390 31 and and CC 12162 390 32 consequently consequently RB 12162 390 33 here here RB 12162 390 34 again again RB 12162 390 35 we -PRON- PRP 12162 390 36 find find VBP 12162 390 37 the the DT 12162 390 38 office office NNP 12162 390 39 of of IN 12162 390 40 gastald gastald NNP 12162 390 41 as as IN 12162 390 42 another another DT 12162 390 43 agent agent NN 12162 390 44 in in IN 12162 390 45 bringing bring VBG 12162 390 46 the the DT 12162 390 47 municipal municipal JJ 12162 390 48 division division NN 12162 390 49 into into IN 12162 390 50 prominence prominence NN 12162 390 51 ; ; : 12162 390 52 but but CC 12162 390 53 doing do VBG 12162 390 54 this this DT 12162 390 55 , , , 12162 390 56 we -PRON- PRP 12162 390 57 must must MD 12162 390 58 always always RB 12162 390 59 remember remember VB 12162 390 60 , , , 12162 390 61 simply simply RB 12162 390 62 from from IN 12162 390 63 the the DT 12162 390 64 fact fact NN 12162 390 65 of of IN 12162 390 66 convenience convenience NN 12162 390 67 or or CC 12162 390 68 fitness fitness NN 12162 390 69 , , , 12162 390 70 and and CC 12162 390 71 not not RB 12162 390 72 in in IN 12162 390 73 any any DT 12162 390 74 sense sense NN 12162 390 75 as as IN 12162 390 76 a a DT 12162 390 77 matter matter NN 12162 390 78 of of IN 12162 390 79 constitutional constitutional JJ 12162 390 80 necessity necessity NN 12162 390 81 . . . 12162 391 1 Like like IN 12162 391 2 that that DT 12162 391 3 of of IN 12162 391 4 the the DT 12162 391 5 _ _ NNP 12162 391 6 dux dux NN 12162 391 7 _ _ NNP 12162 391 8 , , , 12162 391 9 the the DT 12162 391 10 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 391 11 of of IN 12162 391 12 the the DT 12162 391 13 gastald gastald NN 12162 391 14 was be VBD 12162 391 15 exercised exercise VBN 12162 391 16 over over IN 12162 391 17 the the DT 12162 391 18 remotest remote JJS 12162 391 19 farm farm NN 12162 391 20 of of IN 12162 391 21 the the DT 12162 391 22 _ _ NNP 12162 391 23 civitas civitas NN 12162 391 24 _ _ NNP 12162 391 25 as as RB 12162 391 26 much much RB 12162 391 27 as as IN 12162 391 28 over over IN 12162 391 29 the the DT 12162 391 30 palace palace NN 12162 391 31 in in IN 12162 391 32 the the DT 12162 391 33 city city NN 12162 391 34 : : : 12162 391 35 _ _ NNP 12162 391 36 de de NNP 12162 391 37 jure jure NNP 12162 391 38 _ _ NNP 12162 391 39 , , , 12162 391 40 the the DT 12162 391 41 city city NN 12162 391 42 gained gain VBD 12162 391 43 nothing nothing NN 12162 391 44 by by IN 12162 391 45 the the DT 12162 391 46 circumstance circumstance NN 12162 391 47 of of IN 12162 391 48 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 391 49 being be VBG 12162 391 50 the the DT 12162 391 51 centre centre NN 12162 391 52 of of IN 12162 391 53 the the DT 12162 391 54 administration administration NN 12162 391 55 of of IN 12162 391 56 any any DT 12162 391 57 office office NN 12162 391 58 ; ; : 12162 391 59 but but CC 12162 391 60 , , , 12162 391 61 _ _ NNP 12162 391 62 de de FW 12162 391 63 facto facto FW 12162 391 64 _ _ NNP 12162 391 65 , , , 12162 391 66 the the DT 12162 391 67 holding holding NN 12162 391 68 of of IN 12162 391 69 such such PDT 12162 391 70 a a DT 12162 391 71 position position NN 12162 391 72 can can MD 12162 391 73 easily easily RB 12162 391 74 be be VB 12162 391 75 seen see VBN 12162 391 76 to to TO 12162 391 77 have have VB 12162 391 78 been be VBN 12162 391 79 an an DT 12162 391 80 important important JJ 12162 391 81 element element NN 12162 391 82 in in IN 12162 391 83 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 391 84 growth growth NN 12162 391 85 and and CC 12162 391 86 development development NN 12162 391 87 . . . 12162 392 1 This this DT 12162 392 2 fact fact NN 12162 392 3 is be VBZ 12162 392 4 even even RB 12162 392 5 of of IN 12162 392 6 greater great JJR 12162 392 7 importance importance NN 12162 392 8 in in IN 12162 392 9 the the DT 12162 392 10 case case NN 12162 392 11 of of IN 12162 392 12 the the DT 12162 392 13 gastald gastald NNP 12162 392 14 than than IN 12162 392 15 in in IN 12162 392 16 that that DT 12162 392 17 of of IN 12162 392 18 the the DT 12162 392 19 _ _ NNP 12162 392 20 dux dux NN 12162 392 21 _ _ NNP 12162 392 22 , , , 12162 392 23 because because IN 12162 392 24 , , , 12162 392 25 on on IN 12162 392 26 account account NN 12162 392 27 of of IN 12162 392 28 the the DT 12162 392 29 elimination elimination NN 12162 392 30 of of IN 12162 392 31 the the DT 12162 392 32 character character NN 12162 392 33 of of IN 12162 392 34 local local JJ 12162 392 35 ruler ruler NN 12162 392 36 , , , 12162 392 37 which which WDT 12162 392 38 was be VBD 12162 392 39 indissolubly indissolubly RB 12162 392 40 attached attach VBN 12162 392 41 to to IN 12162 392 42 the the DT 12162 392 43 office office NN 12162 392 44 of of IN 12162 392 45 the the DT 12162 392 46 latter latter JJ 12162 392 47 , , , 12162 392 48 the the DT 12162 392 49 gastald gastald NN 12162 392 50 brought bring VBD 12162 392 51 local local JJ 12162 392 52 affairs affair NNS 12162 392 53 into into IN 12162 392 54 direct direct JJ 12162 392 55 relation relation NN 12162 392 56 with with IN 12162 392 57 other other JJ 12162 392 58 parts part NNS 12162 392 59 of of IN 12162 392 60 the the DT 12162 392 61 social social JJ 12162 392 62 system system NN 12162 392 63 of of IN 12162 392 64 the the DT 12162 392 65 kingdom kingdom NN 12162 392 66 , , , 12162 392 67 especially especially RB 12162 392 68 connecting connect VBG 12162 392 69 them -PRON- PRP 12162 392 70 with with IN 12162 392 71 the the DT 12162 392 72 king king NN 12162 392 73 or or CC 12162 392 74 centre centre NN 12162 392 75 of of IN 12162 392 76 the the DT 12162 392 77 whole whole NN 12162 392 78 . . . 12162 393 1 Such such PDT 12162 393 2 a a DT 12162 393 3 connection connection NN 12162 393 4 , , , 12162 393 5 as as IN 12162 393 6 may may MD 12162 393 7 be be VB 12162 393 8 inferred infer VBN 12162 393 9 from from IN 12162 393 10 what what WP 12162 393 11 has have VBZ 12162 393 12 just just RB 12162 393 13 been be VBN 12162 393 14 said say VBN 12162 393 15 , , , 12162 393 16 while while IN 12162 393 17 legally legally RB 12162 393 18 true true JJ 12162 393 19 , , , 12162 393 20 of of IN 12162 393 21 course course NN 12162 393 22 , , , 12162 393 23 of of IN 12162 393 24 the the DT 12162 393 25 whole whole JJ 12162 393 26 _ _ NNP 12162 393 27 civitas civita NNS 12162 393 28 _ _ NNP 12162 393 29 , , , 12162 393 30 had have VBD 12162 393 31 practically practically RB 12162 393 32 the the DT 12162 393 33 effect effect NN 12162 393 34 of of IN 12162 393 35 bringing bring VBG 12162 393 36 the the DT 12162 393 37 cities city NNS 12162 393 38 chiefly chiefly RB 12162 393 39 into into IN 12162 393 40 relation relation NN 12162 393 41 with with IN 12162 393 42 the the DT 12162 393 43 rest rest NN 12162 393 44 of of IN 12162 393 45 the the DT 12162 393 46 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 393 47 constitution constitution NN 12162 393 48 ; ; : 12162 393 49 and and CC 12162 393 50 , , , 12162 393 51 consequently consequently RB 12162 393 52 , , , 12162 393 53 some some DT 12162 393 54 writers writer NNS 12162 393 55 point point VBP 12162 393 56 to to IN 12162 393 57 the the DT 12162 393 58 office office NNP 12162 393 59 of of IN 12162 393 60 gastald gastald NNP 12162 393 61 as as IN 12162 393 62 the the DT 12162 393 63 connecting connect VBG 12162 393 64 link link NN 12162 393 65 between between IN 12162 393 66 municipal municipal JJ 12162 393 67 life life NN 12162 393 68 and and CC 12162 393 69 the the DT 12162 393 70 new new JJ 12162 393 71 state state NN 12162 393 72 life life NN 12162 393 73 of of IN 12162 393 74 the the DT 12162 393 75 Teutonic Teutonic NNP 12162 393 76 system system NN 12162 393 77 . . . 12162 394 1 This this DT 12162 394 2 statement statement NN 12162 394 3 seems seem VBZ 12162 394 4 to to IN 12162 394 5 me -PRON- PRP 12162 394 6 to to TO 12162 394 7 be be VB 12162 394 8 true true JJ 12162 394 9 except except IN 12162 394 10 in in IN 12162 394 11 so so RB 12162 394 12 far far RB 12162 394 13 as as IN 12162 394 14 it -PRON- PRP 12162 394 15 makes make VBZ 12162 394 16 the the DT 12162 394 17 gastald gastald NN 12162 394 18 the the DT 12162 394 19 only only JJ 12162 394 20 connecting connect VBG 12162 394 21 link link NN 12162 394 22 . . . 12162 395 1 For for IN 12162 395 2 we -PRON- PRP 12162 395 3 have have VBP 12162 395 4 already already RB 12162 395 5 seen see VBN 12162 395 6 the the DT 12162 395 7 _ _ NNP 12162 395 8 dux dux NN 12162 395 9 _ _ NNP 12162 395 10 holding hold VBG 12162 395 11 the the DT 12162 395 12 same same JJ 12162 395 13 relation relation NN 12162 395 14 , , , 12162 395 15 only only RB 12162 395 16 in in IN 12162 395 17 a a DT 12162 395 18 less less RBR 12162 395 19 direct direct JJ 12162 395 20 manner manner NN 12162 395 21 , , , 12162 395 22 owing owe VBG 12162 395 23 to to IN 12162 395 24 the the DT 12162 395 25 intrusion intrusion NN 12162 395 26 of of IN 12162 395 27 other other JJ 12162 395 28 interests interest NNS 12162 395 29 belonging belong VBG 12162 395 30 to to IN 12162 395 31 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 395 32 position position NN 12162 395 33 ; ; : 12162 395 34 and and CC 12162 395 35 we -PRON- PRP 12162 395 36 shall shall MD 12162 395 37 shortly shortly RB 12162 395 38 have have VB 12162 395 39 to to TO 12162 395 40 consider consider VB 12162 395 41 the the DT 12162 395 42 _ _ NNP 12162 395 43 scabinus scabinus NN 12162 395 44 _ _ NNP 12162 395 45 , , , 12162 395 46 another another DT 12162 395 47 local local JJ 12162 395 48 officer officer NN 12162 395 49 , , , 12162 395 50 who who WP 12162 395 51 , , , 12162 395 52 under under IN 12162 395 53 Carlovingian carlovingian JJ 12162 395 54 rule rule NN 12162 395 55 , , , 12162 395 56 accomplished accomplish VBD 12162 395 57 even even RB 12162 395 58 more more RBR 12162 395 59 in in IN 12162 395 60 this this DT 12162 395 61 direction direction NN 12162 395 62 than than IN 12162 395 63 the the DT 12162 395 64 gastald gastald NN 12162 395 65 . . . 12162 396 1 I -PRON- PRP 12162 396 2 do do VBP 12162 396 3 not not RB 12162 396 4 wish wish VB 12162 396 5 to to TO 12162 396 6 fail fail VB 12162 396 7 in in IN 12162 396 8 appreciation appreciation NN 12162 396 9 of of IN 12162 396 10 the the DT 12162 396 11 important important JJ 12162 396 12 influence influence NN 12162 396 13 of of IN 12162 396 14 this this DT 12162 396 15 office office NN 12162 396 16 in in IN 12162 396 17 the the DT 12162 396 18 development development NN 12162 396 19 of of IN 12162 396 20 the the DT 12162 396 21 slowly slowly RB 12162 396 22 growing grow VBG 12162 396 23 idea idea NN 12162 396 24 of of IN 12162 396 25 individuality individuality NN 12162 396 26 in in IN 12162 396 27 the the DT 12162 396 28 cities city NNS 12162 396 29 of of IN 12162 396 30 Lombardy Lombardy NNP 12162 396 31 , , , 12162 396 32 only only RB 12162 396 33 to to TO 12162 396 34 point point VB 12162 396 35 out out RP 12162 396 36 that that IN 12162 396 37 it -PRON- PRP 12162 396 38 was be VBD 12162 396 39 not not RB 12162 396 40 the the DT 12162 396 41 only only JJ 12162 396 42 " " `` 12162 396 43 connecting connect VBG 12162 396 44 link link NN 12162 396 45 " " '' 12162 396 46 between between IN 12162 396 47 the the DT 12162 396 48 municipal municipal JJ 12162 396 49 units unit NNS 12162 396 50 and and CC 12162 396 51 the the DT 12162 396 52 state state NN 12162 396 53 as as IN 12162 396 54 a a DT 12162 396 55 whole whole NN 12162 396 56 . . . 12162 397 1 In in IN 12162 397 2 passing pass VBG 12162 397 3 to to IN 12162 397 4 a a DT 12162 397 5 brief brief JJ 12162 397 6 characterization characterization NN 12162 397 7 of of IN 12162 397 8 a a DT 12162 397 9 few few JJ 12162 397 10 of of IN 12162 397 11 the the DT 12162 397 12 subordinate subordinate JJ 12162 397 13 officers officer NNS 12162 397 14 , , , 12162 397 15 I -PRON- PRP 12162 397 16 must must MD 12162 397 17 not not RB 12162 397 18 omit omit VB 12162 397 19 to to TO 12162 397 20 mention mention VB 12162 397 21 the the DT 12162 397 22 fact fact NN 12162 397 23 that that IN 12162 397 24 the the DT 12162 397 25 gastald gastald NN 12162 397 26 had have VBD 12162 397 27 also also RB 12162 397 28 certain certain JJ 12162 397 29 military military JJ 12162 397 30 functions function NNS 12162 397 31 attached attach VBN 12162 397 32 to to IN 12162 397 33 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 397 34 office office NN 12162 397 35 . . . 12162 398 1 When when WRB 12162 398 2 called call VBN 12162 398 3 upon upon IN 12162 398 4 by by IN 12162 398 5 the the DT 12162 398 6 king king NN 12162 398 7 he -PRON- PRP 12162 398 8 took take VBD 12162 398 9 command command NN 12162 398 10 in in IN 12162 398 11 the the DT 12162 398 12 army army NN 12162 398 13 , , , 12162 398 14 together together RB 12162 398 15 with with IN 12162 398 16 the the DT 12162 398 17 minor minor JJ 12162 398 18 officers officer NNS 12162 398 19 who who WP 12162 398 20 were be VBD 12162 398 21 under under IN 12162 398 22 him -PRON- PRP 12162 398 23 in in IN 12162 398 24 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 398 25 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 398 26 , , , 12162 398 27 such such JJ 12162 398 28 as as IN 12162 398 29 the the DT 12162 398 30 _ _ NNP 12162 398 31 sculdahis sculdahis NN 12162 398 32 , , , 12162 398 33 saltarius_,[44 saltarius_,[44 : 12162 398 34 ] ] -RRB- 12162 398 35 etc etc FW 12162 398 36 . . . 12162 399 1 We -PRON- PRP 12162 399 2 have have VBP 12162 399 3 confirmation confirmation NN 12162 399 4 of of IN 12162 399 5 this this DT 12162 399 6 in in IN 12162 399 7 the the DT 12162 399 8 constitution constitution NN 12162 399 9 " " `` 12162 399 10 promotionis promotionis NNP 12162 399 11 exercitus exercitus NN 12162 399 12 " " '' 12162 399 13 of of IN 12162 399 14 Lewis Lewis NNP 12162 399 15 II.,[45 II.,[45 NNP 12162 399 16 ] ] -RRB- 12162 399 17 which which WDT 12162 399 18 says say VBZ 12162 399 19 " " `` 12162 399 20 ut ut NNP 12162 399 21 nullum nullum NNP 12162 399 22 ab ab NNP 12162 399 23 expeditione expeditione NNP 12162 399 24 aut aut NN 12162 399 25 Comes Comes NNP 12162 399 26 aut aut NN 12162 399 27 Gastald Gastald NNP 12162 399 28 , , , 12162 399 29 vel vel NNP 12162 399 30 Ministri Ministri NNP 12162 399 31 eorum eorum NN 12162 399 32 excusatum excusatum NN 12162 399 33 habeant habeant RB 12162 399 34 " " '' 12162 399 35 ; ; , 12162 399 36 and and CC 12162 399 37 in in IN 12162 399 38 the the DT 12162 399 39 life life NN 12162 399 40 of of IN 12162 399 41 Gregory Gregory NNP 12162 399 42 II II NNP 12162 399 43 . . NNP 12162 399 44 , , , 12162 399 45 Anastasius Anastasius NNP 12162 399 46 Bibliotecharius[46 Bibliotecharius[46 NNP 12162 399 47 ] ] -RRB- 12162 399 48 tells tell VBZ 12162 399 49 that that IN 12162 399 50 at at IN 12162 399 51 the the DT 12162 399 52 overthrow overthrow NN 12162 399 53 of of IN 12162 399 54 the the DT 12162 399 55 _ _ NNP 12162 399 56 castrum castrum NN 12162 399 57 _ _ NNP 12162 399 58 of of IN 12162 399 59 Cumae Cumae NNP 12162 399 60 with with IN 12162 399 61 the the DT 12162 399 62 help help NN 12162 399 63 of of IN 12162 399 64 that that DT 12162 399 65 pope pope NN 12162 399 66 , , , 12162 399 67 " " `` 12162 399 68 Langobardos Langobardos NNP 12162 399 69 pene pene NN 12162 399 70 trecentos trecentos NNP 12162 399 71 cum cum NNP 12162 399 72 eorum eorum NN 12162 399 73 Gastaldione Gastaldione NNP 12162 399 74 interfecerunt interfecerunt VB 12162 399 75 . . . 12162 399 76 " " '' 12162 400 1 In in IN 12162 400 2 military military JJ 12162 400 3 affairs affair NNS 12162 400 4 the the DT 12162 400 5 command command NN 12162 400 6 held hold VBN 12162 400 7 by by IN 12162 400 8 the the DT 12162 400 9 gastald gastald NNP 12162 400 10 seems seem VBZ 12162 400 11 to to TO 12162 400 12 have have VB 12162 400 13 been be VBN 12162 400 14 lower low JJR 12162 400 15 than than IN 12162 400 16 that that DT 12162 400 17 of of IN 12162 400 18 the the DT 12162 400 19 _ _ NNP 12162 400 20 dux dux NN 12162 400 21 _ _ NNP 12162 400 22 , , , 12162 400 23 the the DT 12162 400 24 leader leader NN 12162 400 25 of of IN 12162 400 26 all all PDT 12162 400 27 the the DT 12162 400 28 troops troop NNS 12162 400 29 furnished furnish VBN 12162 400 30 by by IN 12162 400 31 the the DT 12162 400 32 _ _ NNP 12162 400 33 civitas civita NNS 12162 400 34 _ _ NNP 12162 400 35 . . . 12162 401 1 A a DT 12162 401 2 right right NN 12162 401 3 of of IN 12162 401 4 appeal appeal NN 12162 401 5 to to IN 12162 401 6 the the DT 12162 401 7 _ _ NNP 12162 401 8 dux dux NN 12162 401 9 _ _ NNP 12162 401 10 existed exist VBD 12162 401 11 for for IN 12162 401 12 the the DT 12162 401 13 _ _ NNP 12162 401 14 exercitalis exercitalis NNP 12162 401 15 _ _ NNP 12162 401 16 who who WP 12162 401 17 was be VBD 12162 401 18 oppressed oppress VBN 12162 401 19 by by IN 12162 401 20 the the DT 12162 401 21 gastald gastald NN 12162 401 22 , , , 12162 401 23 as as IN 12162 401 24 shown show VBN 12162 401 25 by by IN 12162 401 26 the the DT 12162 401 27 twenty twenty CD 12162 401 28 - - HYPH 12162 401 29 fourth fourth JJ 12162 401 30 law law NN 12162 401 31 of of IN 12162 401 32 Rhotaris,[47 Rhotaris,[47 NNP 12162 401 33 ] ] -RRB- 12162 401 34 which which WDT 12162 401 35 says say VBZ 12162 401 36 : : : 12162 401 37 " " `` 12162 401 38 Si Si NNP 12162 401 39 Gastaldius Gastaldius NNP 12162 401 40 exercitalem exercitalem NNP 12162 401 41 suum suum NNP 12162 401 42 contra contra NNP 12162 401 43 rationem rationem NNP 12162 401 44 molestaverit molestaverit NN 12162 401 45 , , , 12162 401 46 _ _ NNP 12162 401 47 Dux Dux NNP 12162 401 48 _ _ NNP 12162 401 49 eum eum NNP 12162 401 50 soletur soletur NN 12162 401 51 . . . 12162 401 52 " " '' 12162 402 1 In in IN 12162 402 2 a a DT 12162 402 3 case case NN 12162 402 4 of of IN 12162 402 5 oppression oppression NN 12162 402 6 by by IN 12162 402 7 the the DT 12162 402 8 _ _ NNP 12162 402 9 dux dux NN 12162 402 10 _ _ NNP 12162 402 11 , , , 12162 402 12 the the DT 12162 402 13 gastald gastald NN 12162 402 14 , , , 12162 402 15 on on IN 12162 402 16 the the DT 12162 402 17 other other JJ 12162 402 18 hand hand NN 12162 402 19 , , , 12162 402 20 could could MD 12162 402 21 bring bring VB 12162 402 22 the the DT 12162 402 23 matter matter NN 12162 402 24 before before IN 12162 402 25 the the DT 12162 402 26 king king NN 12162 402 27 . . . 12162 403 1 Before before IN 12162 403 2 considering consider VBG 12162 403 3 the the DT 12162 403 4 changes change NNS 12162 403 5 introduced introduce VBN 12162 403 6 by by IN 12162 403 7 the the DT 12162 403 8 Carlovingian carlovingian JJ 12162 403 9 rule rule NN 12162 403 10 , , , 12162 403 11 let let VB 12162 403 12 us -PRON- PRP 12162 403 13 cast cast VB 12162 403 14 a a DT 12162 403 15 hasty hasty JJ 12162 403 16 glance glance NN 12162 403 17 at at IN 12162 403 18 a a DT 12162 403 19 few few JJ 12162 403 20 of of IN 12162 403 21 the the DT 12162 403 22 minor minor JJ 12162 403 23 officers officer NNS 12162 403 24 who who WP 12162 403 25 acted act VBD 12162 403 26 as as IN 12162 403 27 subordinates subordinate NNS 12162 403 28 of of IN 12162 403 29 the the DT 12162 403 30 _ _ NNP 12162 403 31 judex judex NN 12162 403 32 _ _ NNP 12162 403 33 in in IN 12162 403 34 administering administer VBG 12162 403 35 the the DT 12162 403 36 affairs affair NNS 12162 403 37 of of IN 12162 403 38 the the DT 12162 403 39 _ _ NNP 12162 403 40 civitas civita NNS 12162 403 41 _ _ NNP 12162 403 42 . . . 12162 404 1 As as IN 12162 404 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 404 3 relations relation NNS 12162 404 4 to to IN 12162 404 5 the the DT 12162 404 6 urban urban JJ 12162 404 7 portion portion NN 12162 404 8 of of IN 12162 404 9 the the DT 12162 404 10 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 404 11 kingdom kingdom NN 12162 404 12 , , , 12162 404 13 which which WDT 12162 404 14 is be VBZ 12162 404 15 the the DT 12162 404 16 special special JJ 12162 404 17 object object NN 12162 404 18 of of IN 12162 404 19 our -PRON- PRP$ 12162 404 20 study study NN 12162 404 21 , , , 12162 404 22 were be VBD 12162 404 23 either either CC 12162 404 24 slight slight JJ 12162 404 25 in in IN 12162 404 26 themselves -PRON- PRP 12162 404 27 or or CC 12162 404 28 else else RB 12162 404 29 so so RB 12162 404 30 closely closely RB 12162 404 31 connected connected JJ 12162 404 32 with with IN 12162 404 33 those those DT 12162 404 34 of of IN 12162 404 35 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 404 36 superiors superior NNS 12162 404 37 as as IN 12162 404 38 not not RB 12162 404 39 to to TO 12162 404 40 merit merit VB 12162 404 41 any any DT 12162 404 42 particular particular JJ 12162 404 43 description description NN 12162 404 44 , , , 12162 404 45 I -PRON- PRP 12162 404 46 will will MD 12162 404 47 merely merely RB 12162 404 48 mention mention VB 12162 404 49 the the DT 12162 404 50 names name NNS 12162 404 51 of of IN 12162 404 52 a a DT 12162 404 53 few few JJ 12162 404 54 of of IN 12162 404 55 them -PRON- PRP 12162 404 56 and and CC 12162 404 57 indicate indicate VBP 12162 404 58 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 404 59 duties duty NNS 12162 404 60 . . . 12162 405 1 The the DT 12162 405 2 officer officer NN 12162 405 3 who who WP 12162 405 4 came come VBD 12162 405 5 next next RB 12162 405 6 in in IN 12162 405 7 rank rank NN 12162 405 8 to to IN 12162 405 9 the the DT 12162 405 10 _ _ NNP 12162 405 11 judex judex NN 12162 405 12 _ _ NNP 12162 405 13 , , , 12162 405 14 and and CC 12162 405 15 who who WP 12162 405 16 , , , 12162 405 17 in in IN 12162 405 18 a a DT 12162 405 19 subordinate subordinate JJ 12162 405 20 capacity capacity NN 12162 405 21 , , , 12162 405 22 assisted assist VBD 12162 405 23 him -PRON- PRP 12162 405 24 especially especially RB 12162 405 25 in in IN 12162 405 26 administering administer VBG 12162 405 27 the the DT 12162 405 28 judicial judicial JJ 12162 405 29 affairs affair NNS 12162 405 30 of of IN 12162 405 31 the the DT 12162 405 32 _ _ NNP 12162 405 33 civitas civita NNS 12162 405 34 _ _ NNP 12162 405 35 , , , 12162 405 36 was be VBD 12162 405 37 in in IN 12162 405 38 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 405 39 times time NNS 12162 405 40 called call VBD 12162 405 41 the the DT 12162 405 42 _ _ NNP 12162 405 43 sculdahis sculdahis JJ 12162 405 44 _ _ NNP 12162 405 45 , , , 12162 405 46 and and CC 12162 405 47 in in IN 12162 405 48 Carlovingian Carlovingian NNP 12162 405 49 times time NNS 12162 405 50 the the DT 12162 405 51 _ _ NNP 12162 405 52 centenarius centenarius NN 12162 405 53 _ _ NNP 12162 405 54 . . . 12162 406 1 Under under IN 12162 406 2 him -PRON- PRP 12162 406 3 were be VBD 12162 406 4 the the DT 12162 406 5 _ _ NNP 12162 406 6 saltarius saltarius NN 12162 406 7 _ _ NNP 12162 406 8 and and CC 12162 406 9 the the DT 12162 406 10 _ _ NNP 12162 406 11 decanus decanus NN 12162 406 12 _ _ NNP 12162 406 13 . . . 12162 407 1 The the DT 12162 407 2 _ _ NNP 12162 407 3 sculdahis sculdahis NN 12162 407 4 _ _ NNP 12162 407 5 acted act VBD 12162 407 6 as as IN 12162 407 7 a a DT 12162 407 8 local local JJ 12162 407 9 officer officer NN 12162 407 10 under under IN 12162 407 11 the the DT 12162 407 12 _ _ NNP 12162 407 13 judex judex NN 12162 407 14 _ _ NNP 12162 407 15 , , , 12162 407 16 having have VBG 12162 407 17 limited limit VBN 12162 407 18 judicial judicial JJ 12162 407 19 , , , 12162 407 20 police police NN 12162 407 21 and and CC 12162 407 22 military military JJ 12162 407 23 powers power NNS 12162 407 24 . . . 12162 408 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 12162 408 2 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 408 3 was be VBD 12162 408 4 confined confine VBN 12162 408 5 to to IN 12162 408 6 the the DT 12162 408 7 small small JJ 12162 408 8 fortified fortify VBN 12162 408 9 towns town NNS 12162 408 10 and and CC 12162 408 11 villages village NNS 12162 408 12 of of IN 12162 408 13 the the DT 12162 408 14 _ _ NNP 12162 408 15 civitas civita NNS 12162 408 16 _ _ NNP 12162 408 17 , , , 12162 408 18 where where WRB 12162 408 19 he -PRON- PRP 12162 408 20 administered administer VBD 12162 408 21 justice justice NN 12162 408 22 and and CC 12162 408 23 collected collect VBN 12162 408 24 fines fine NNS 12162 408 25 , , , 12162 408 26 forfeitures forfeiture NNS 12162 408 27 , , , 12162 408 28 etc etc FW 12162 408 29 . . FW 12162 408 30 , , , 12162 408 31 in in IN 12162 408 32 much much RB 12162 408 33 the the DT 12162 408 34 same same JJ 12162 408 35 manner manner NN 12162 408 36 as as IN 12162 408 37 did do VBD 12162 408 38 the the DT 12162 408 39 _ _ NNP 12162 408 40 judex judex NN 12162 408 41 _ _ NNP 12162 408 42 in in IN 12162 408 43 the the DT 12162 408 44 largest large JJS 12162 408 45 town town NN 12162 408 46 of of IN 12162 408 47 the the DT 12162 408 48 _ _ NNP 12162 408 49 civitas civita NNS 12162 408 50 _ _ NNP 12162 408 51 ; ; : 12162 408 52 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 408 53 judgments judgment NNS 12162 408 54 , , , 12162 408 55 however however RB 12162 408 56 , , , 12162 408 57 were be VBD 12162 408 58 not not RB 12162 408 59 final final JJ 12162 408 60 , , , 12162 408 61 but but CC 12162 408 62 always always RB 12162 408 63 subject subject JJ 12162 408 64 to to IN 12162 408 65 appeal appeal NN 12162 408 66 to to IN 12162 408 67 a a DT 12162 408 68 higher high JJR 12162 408 69 authority authority NN 12162 408 70 : : : 12162 408 71 " " `` 12162 408 72 Si si NN 12162 408 73 vero vero NN 12162 408 74 talis talis NNP 12162 408 75 causa causa VBD 12162 408 76 fuerit fuerit NN 12162 408 77 , , , 12162 408 78 quod quod NN 12162 408 79 ipse ipse JJ 12162 408 80 Sculdahis Sculdahis NNP 12162 408 81 minime minime NN 12162 408 82 deliberare deliberare NN 12162 408 83 possit possit NN 12162 408 84 , , , 12162 408 85 dirigat dirigat NNP 12162 408 86 ambas ambas NNP 12162 408 87 partes part VBZ 12162 408 88 ad ad NN 12162 408 89 judicem judicem NNP 12162 408 90 suum suum NNP 12162 408 91 . . . 12162 409 1 " " `` 12162 409 2 [ [ -LRB- 12162 409 3 48 48 CD 12162 409 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 409 5 There there EX 12162 409 6 were be VBD 12162 409 7 several several JJ 12162 409 8 _ _ NNP 12162 409 9 sculdahis sculdahis JJ 12162 409 10 _ _ NNP 12162 409 11 in in IN 12162 409 12 one one CD 12162 409 13 _ _ NNP 12162 409 14 judiciaria judiciaria NN 12162 409 15 _ _ NNP 12162 409 16 , , , 12162 409 17 and and CC 12162 409 18 cases case NNS 12162 409 19 were be VBD 12162 409 20 often often RB 12162 409 21 tried try VBN 12162 409 22 before before IN 12162 409 23 more more JJR 12162 409 24 than than IN 12162 409 25 one,[49 one,[49 NNP 12162 409 26 ] ] -RRB- 12162 409 27 though though IN 12162 409 28 each each DT 12162 409 29 of of IN 12162 409 30 the the DT 12162 409 31 smaller small JJR 12162 409 32 local local JJ 12162 409 33 units unit NNS 12162 409 34 seems seem VBZ 12162 409 35 to to TO 12162 409 36 have have VB 12162 409 37 had have VBN 12162 409 38 such such PDT 12162 409 39 an an DT 12162 409 40 officer officer NN 12162 409 41 . . . 12162 410 1 Paulus Paulus NNP 12162 410 2 Diaconus[50 Diaconus[50 NNP 12162 410 3 ] ] -RRB- 12162 410 4 speaks speak VBZ 12162 410 5 of of IN 12162 410 6 " " `` 12162 410 7 elector elector NNP 12162 410 8 loci loci NNP 12162 410 9 illius illius NNP 12162 410 10 , , , 12162 410 11 quem quem NNP 12162 410 12 sculdahis sculdahis NNP 12162 410 13 lingua lingua NNP 12162 410 14 propria propria NNP 12162 410 15 dicunt dicunt NN 12162 410 16 , , , 12162 410 17 vir vir NNP 12162 410 18 nobilis nobilis NNP 12162 410 19 , , , 12162 410 20 " " `` 12162 410 21 etc etc FW 12162 410 22 . . . 12162 411 1 These these DT 12162 411 2 rural rural JJ 12162 411 3 divisions division NNS 12162 411 4 seem seem VBP 12162 411 5 sometimes sometimes RB 12162 411 6 to to TO 12162 411 7 have have VB 12162 411 8 been be VBN 12162 411 9 called call VBN 12162 411 10 _ _ NNP 12162 411 11 sculdascia sculdascia NNP 12162 411 12 _ _ NNP 12162 411 13 , , , 12162 411 14 for for IN 12162 411 15 we -PRON- PRP 12162 411 16 have have VBP 12162 411 17 a a DT 12162 411 18 diploma diploma NN 12162 411 19 of of IN 12162 411 20 Berengar Berengar NNP 12162 411 21 I. I. NNP 12162 411 22 , , , 12162 411 23 of of IN 12162 411 24 the the DT 12162 411 25 year year NN 12162 411 26 918 918 CD 12162 411 27 , , , 12162 411 28 given give VBN 12162 411 29 to to IN 12162 411 30 the the DT 12162 411 31 monastery monastery NN 12162 411 32 of of IN 12162 411 33 Sta Sta NNP 12162 411 34 . . . 12162 412 1 Maria Maria NNP 12162 412 2 dell dell NNP 12162 412 3 ' ' POS 12162 412 4 Organo,[51 organo,[51 NN 12162 412 5 ] ] -RRB- 12162 412 6 where where WRB 12162 412 7 is be VBZ 12162 412 8 mentioned mention VBN 12162 412 9 " " `` 12162 412 10 pratum pratum NNP 12162 412 11 juris juris NNP 12162 412 12 imperii imperii NNP 12162 412 13 nostri nostri NNP 12162 412 14 pertinens pertinen NNS 12162 412 15 de de IN 12162 412 16 Comitatu Comitatu NNP 12162 412 17 Veronensi Veronensi NNP 12162 412 18 , , , 12162 412 19 de de NNP 12162 412 20 Sculdascia Sculdascia NNP 12162 412 21 videlicet videlicet NN 12162 412 22 , , , 12162 412 23 que que NNP 12162 412 24 Fluvium Fluvium NNP 12162 412 25 dicitur dicitur NN 12162 412 26 " " '' 12162 412 27 ; ; , 12162 412 28 and and CC 12162 412 29 in in IN 12162 412 30 a a DT 12162 412 31 document document NN 12162 412 32 published publish VBN 12162 412 33 by by IN 12162 412 34 Ughelli,[52 Ughelli,[52 NNP 12162 412 35 ] ] -RRB- 12162 412 36 in in IN 12162 412 37 speaking speaking NN 12162 412 38 of of IN 12162 412 39 the the DT 12162 412 40 bishops bishop NNS 12162 412 41 of of IN 12162 412 42 Belluno Belluno NNP 12162 412 43 , , , 12162 412 44 " " `` 12162 412 45 Sculdascia Sculdascia NNP 12162 412 46 Belluni Belluni NNP 12162 412 47 " " '' 12162 412 48 is be VBZ 12162 412 49 used use VBN 12162 412 50 . . . 12162 413 1 In in IN 12162 413 2 Frankish frankish JJ 12162 413 3 times time NNS 12162 413 4 the the DT 12162 413 5 _ _ NNP 12162 413 6 centenarius centenarius NN 12162 413 7 _ _ NNP 12162 413 8 held hold VBD 12162 413 9 the the DT 12162 413 10 same same JJ 12162 413 11 position position NN 12162 413 12 as as IN 12162 413 13 the the DT 12162 413 14 _ _ NNP 12162 413 15 sculdahis sculdahis JJ 12162 413 16 _ _ NNP 12162 413 17 of of IN 12162 413 18 the the DT 12162 413 19 Lombards Lombards NNP 12162 413 20 : : : 12162 413 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 413 22 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 413 23 was be VBD 12162 413 24 similarly similarly RB 12162 413 25 limited limit VBN 12162 413 26 to to IN 12162 413 27 minor minor JJ 12162 413 28 offences offence NNS 12162 413 29 ; ; : 12162 413 30 all all DT 12162 413 31 cases case NNS 12162 413 32 involving involve VBG 12162 413 33 capital capital NN 12162 413 34 punishment punishment NN 12162 413 35 , , , 12162 413 36 loss loss NN 12162 413 37 of of IN 12162 413 38 liberty liberty NN 12162 413 39 , , , 12162 413 40 or or CC 12162 413 41 delivering delivering NN 12162 413 42 of of IN 12162 413 43 _ _ NNP 12162 413 44 res res NNP 12162 413 45 mancipii mancipii NN 12162 413 46 _ _ NNP 12162 413 47 , , , 12162 413 48 being be VBG 12162 413 49 handed hand VBN 12162 413 50 over over RP 12162 413 51 to to IN 12162 413 52 the the DT 12162 413 53 count count NN 12162 413 54 's 's POS 12162 413 55 court court NN 12162 413 56 according accord VBG 12162 413 57 to to IN 12162 413 58 the the DT 12162 413 59 legislation legislation NN 12162 413 60 of of IN 12162 413 61 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 12162 413 62 . . . 12162 414 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 414 2 53 53 CD 12162 414 3 ] ] -RRB- 12162 414 4 The the DT 12162 414 5 _ _ NNP 12162 414 6 decani decani NN 12162 414 7 _ _ NNP 12162 414 8 and and CC 12162 414 9 _ _ NNP 12162 414 10 saltarii saltarii NNS 12162 414 11 _ _ NNP 12162 414 12 were be VBD 12162 414 13 subordinates subordinate NNS 12162 414 14 of of IN 12162 414 15 the the DT 12162 414 16 _ _ NNP 12162 414 17 centenarii centenarii NN 12162 414 18 _ _ NNP 12162 414 19 and and CC 12162 414 20 _ _ NNP 12162 414 21 sculdahis sculdahis JJ 12162 414 22 _ _ NNP 12162 414 23 . . . 12162 415 1 They -PRON- PRP 12162 415 2 both both DT 12162 415 3 presided preside VBD 12162 415 4 over over IN 12162 415 5 smaller small JJR 12162 415 6 local local JJ 12162 415 7 divisions division NNS 12162 415 8 than than IN 12162 415 9 the the DT 12162 415 10 _ _ NNP 12162 415 11 sculdascia sculdascia NNP 12162 415 12 _ _ NNP 12162 415 13 , , , 12162 415 14 and and CC 12162 415 15 acted act VBD 12162 415 16 as as IN 12162 415 17 deputies deputy NNS 12162 415 18 . . . 12162 416 1 In in IN 12162 416 2 the the DT 12162 416 3 laws law NNS 12162 416 4 of of IN 12162 416 5 Liutprand,[54 Liutprand,[54 NNP 12162 416 6 ] ] -RRB- 12162 416 7 speaking speak VBG 12162 416 8 of of IN 12162 416 9 a a DT 12162 416 10 runaway runaway JJ 12162 416 11 slave slave NN 12162 416 12 , , , 12162 416 13 we -PRON- PRP 12162 416 14 are be VBP 12162 416 15 told tell VBN 12162 416 16 that that IN 12162 416 17 " " `` 12162 416 18 si si NNP 12162 416 19 in in IN 12162 416 20 alia alia NNP 12162 416 21 judiciaria judiciaria NNP 12162 416 22 inventus inventus NNP 12162 416 23 fuerit fuerit NNP 12162 416 24 , , , 12162 416 25 tunc tunc NNP 12162 416 26 decanus decanus NNP 12162 416 27 aut aut NNP 12162 416 28 saltarius saltarius NN 12162 416 29 , , , 12162 416 30 qui qui VBP 12162 416 31 in in IN 12162 416 32 loco loco NNP 12162 416 33 ordinatus ordinatus NNP 12162 416 34 fuerit fuerit NNP 12162 416 35 , , , 12162 416 36 comprehendere comprehendere NNP 12162 416 37 eum eum NNP 12162 416 38 debeat debeat NNP 12162 416 39 et et FW 12162 416 40 ad ad NN 12162 416 41 sculdahis sculdahis NN 12162 416 42 suum suum NN 12162 416 43 perducat perducat RB 12162 416 44 , , , 12162 416 45 et et NNP 12162 416 46 ipse ipse NNP 12162 416 47 sculdahis sculdahis NNP 12162 416 48 judici judici NNP 12162 416 49 suo suo NNP 12162 416 50 consignet consignet NN 12162 416 51 . . . 12162 416 52 " " '' 12162 417 1 The the DT 12162 417 2 _ _ NNP 12162 417 3 saltarius saltarius NN 12162 417 4 _ _ NNP 12162 417 5 seems seem VBZ 12162 417 6 to to TO 12162 417 7 have have VB 12162 417 8 been be VBN 12162 417 9 originally originally RB 12162 417 10 a a DT 12162 417 11 sort sort NN 12162 417 12 of of IN 12162 417 13 guardian guardian NN 12162 417 14 of of IN 12162 417 15 forests forest NNS 12162 417 16 , , , 12162 417 17 " " '' 12162 417 18 custos custo VBZ 12162 417 19 saltuum"[55 saltuum"[55 NNS 12162 417 20 ] ] -RRB- 12162 417 21 or or CC 12162 417 22 " " `` 12162 417 23 silvanus";[56 silvanus";[56 NN 12162 417 24 ] ] -RRB- 12162 417 25 and and CC 12162 417 26 the the DT 12162 417 27 name name NN 12162 417 28 of of IN 12162 417 29 the the DT 12162 417 30 _ _ NNP 12162 417 31 decanus decanus NN 12162 417 32 _ _ NNP 12162 417 33 , , , 12162 417 34 like like IN 12162 417 35 the the DT 12162 417 36 Frankish Frankish NNP 12162 417 37 _ _ NNP 12162 417 38 centenarius centenarius NN 12162 417 39 _ _ NNP 12162 417 40 , , , 12162 417 41 is be VBZ 12162 417 42 a a DT 12162 417 43 survival survival NN 12162 417 44 of of IN 12162 417 45 the the DT 12162 417 46 old old JJ 12162 417 47 decimal decimal JJ 12162 417 48 division division NN 12162 417 49 of of IN 12162 417 50 the the DT 12162 417 51 army army NN 12162 417 52 and and CC 12162 417 53 people people NNS 12162 417 54 . . . 12162 418 1 These these DT 12162 418 2 minor minor JJ 12162 418 3 officers officer NNS 12162 418 4 , , , 12162 418 5 as as RB 12162 418 6 well well RB 12162 418 7 as as IN 12162 418 8 other other JJ 12162 418 9 subalterns subaltern NNS 12162 418 10 of of IN 12162 418 11 the the DT 12162 418 12 _ _ NNP 12162 418 13 judex judex NN 12162 418 14 _ _ NNP 12162 418 15 , , , 12162 418 16 are be VBP 12162 418 17 often often RB 12162 418 18 met meet VBN 12162 418 19 with with IN 12162 418 20 under under IN 12162 418 21 the the DT 12162 418 22 common common JJ 12162 418 23 name name NN 12162 418 24 of of IN 12162 418 25 _ _ NNP 12162 418 26 actionarii actionarii NNP 12162 418 27 _ _ NNP 12162 418 28 , , , 12162 418 29 which which WDT 12162 418 30 includes include VBZ 12162 418 31 also also RB 12162 418 32 the the DT 12162 418 33 different different JJ 12162 418 34 sorts sort NNS 12162 418 35 of of IN 12162 418 36 _ _ NNP 12162 418 37 exactores exactores NNP 12162 418 38 _ _ NNP 12162 418 39 , , , 12162 418 40 _ _ NNP 12162 418 41 adores adores NNP 12162 418 42 _ _ NNP 12162 418 43 , , , 12162 418 44 _ _ NNP 12162 418 45 advocati advocati NNP 12162 418 46 _ _ NNP 12162 418 47 , , , 12162 418 48 and and CC 12162 418 49 all all PDT 12162 418 50 the the DT 12162 418 51 lesser less JJR 12162 418 52 officials official NNS 12162 418 53 of of IN 12162 418 54 the the DT 12162 418 55 _ _ NNP 12162 418 56 fiscus fiscus NN 12162 418 57 _ _ NNP 12162 418 58 . . . 12162 419 1 In in IN 12162 419 2 the the DT 12162 419 3 course course NN 12162 419 4 of of IN 12162 419 5 this this DT 12162 419 6 investigation investigation NN 12162 419 7 I -PRON- PRP 12162 419 8 have have VBP 12162 419 9 already already RB 12162 419 10 referred refer VBN 12162 419 11 to to IN 12162 419 12 , , , 12162 419 13 and and CC 12162 419 14 in in IN 12162 419 15 a a DT 12162 419 16 certain certain JJ 12162 419 17 measure measure NN 12162 419 18 characterized characterize VBD 12162 419 19 , , , 12162 419 20 the the DT 12162 419 21 changes change NNS 12162 419 22 introduced introduce VBD 12162 419 23 into into IN 12162 419 24 the the DT 12162 419 25 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 419 26 system system NN 12162 419 27 of of IN 12162 419 28 government government NN 12162 419 29 consequent consequent NN 12162 419 30 on on IN 12162 419 31 the the DT 12162 419 32 kingdom kingdom NN 12162 419 33 being be VBG 12162 419 34 absorbed absorb VBN 12162 419 35 into into IN 12162 419 36 the the DT 12162 419 37 great great JJ 12162 419 38 empire empire NN 12162 419 39 of of IN 12162 419 40 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 12162 419 41 . . . 12162 420 1 I -PRON- PRP 12162 420 2 have have VBP 12162 420 3 said say VBN 12162 420 4 that that IN 12162 420 5 , , , 12162 420 6 owing owe VBG 12162 420 7 to to IN 12162 420 8 the the DT 12162 420 9 similarity similarity NN 12162 420 10 of of IN 12162 420 11 institutions institution NNS 12162 420 12 between between IN 12162 420 13 the the DT 12162 420 14 Franks Franks NNPS 12162 420 15 and and CC 12162 420 16 the the DT 12162 420 17 Lombards Lombards NNPS 12162 420 18 , , , 12162 420 19 the the DT 12162 420 20 changes change NNS 12162 420 21 made make VBD 12162 420 22 consisted consist VBN 12162 420 23 rather rather RB 12162 420 24 in in IN 12162 420 25 differences difference NNS 12162 420 26 in in IN 12162 420 27 the the DT 12162 420 28 manner manner NN 12162 420 29 of of IN 12162 420 30 enforcing enforce VBG 12162 420 31 the the DT 12162 420 32 control control NN 12162 420 33 of of IN 12162 420 34 the the DT 12162 420 35 central central JJ 12162 420 36 power power NN 12162 420 37 than than IN 12162 420 38 in in IN 12162 420 39 any any DT 12162 420 40 alteration alteration NN 12162 420 41 in in IN 12162 420 42 the the DT 12162 420 43 institutional institutional JJ 12162 420 44 life life NN 12162 420 45 of of IN 12162 420 46 the the DT 12162 420 47 people people NNS 12162 420 48 , , , 12162 420 49 but but CC 12162 420 50 that that IN 12162 420 51 there there EX 12162 420 52 were be VBD 12162 420 53 certain certain JJ 12162 420 54 exceptions exception NNS 12162 420 55 to to IN 12162 420 56 this this DT 12162 420 57 general general JJ 12162 420 58 rule rule NN 12162 420 59 , , , 12162 420 60 which which WDT 12162 420 61 , , , 12162 420 62 in in IN 12162 420 63 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 420 64 mode mode NN 12162 420 65 of of IN 12162 420 66 operation operation NN 12162 420 67 , , , 12162 420 68 though though IN 12162 420 69 not not RB 12162 420 70 in in IN 12162 420 71 the the DT 12162 420 72 intention intention NN 12162 420 73 of of IN 12162 420 74 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 420 75 author author NN 12162 420 76 , , , 12162 420 77 materially materially RB 12162 420 78 affected affected JJ 12162 420 79 , , , 12162 420 80 indeed indeed RB 12162 420 81 greatly greatly RB 12162 420 82 accelerated accelerate VBN 12162 420 83 , , , 12162 420 84 the the DT 12162 420 85 growth growth NN 12162 420 86 of of IN 12162 420 87 individual individual JJ 12162 420 88 life life NN 12162 420 89 among among IN 12162 420 90 the the DT 12162 420 91 cities city NNS 12162 420 92 . . . 12162 421 1 We -PRON- PRP 12162 421 2 must must MD 12162 421 3 now now RB 12162 421 4 consider consider VB 12162 421 5 the the DT 12162 421 6 nature nature NN 12162 421 7 of of IN 12162 421 8 these these DT 12162 421 9 exceptions exception NNS 12162 421 10 . . . 12162 422 1 Under under IN 12162 422 2 the the DT 12162 422 3 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 422 4 system system NN 12162 422 5 we -PRON- PRP 12162 422 6 have have VBP 12162 422 7 seen see VBN 12162 422 8 the the DT 12162 422 9 administrative administrative JJ 12162 422 10 unit unit NN 12162 422 11 of of IN 12162 422 12 the the DT 12162 422 13 state state NN 12162 422 14 to to TO 12162 422 15 be be VB 12162 422 16 the the DT 12162 422 17 _ _ NNP 12162 422 18 civitas civita NNS 12162 422 19 _ _ NNP 12162 422 20 , , , 12162 422 21 with with IN 12162 422 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 422 23 administrative administrative JJ 12162 422 24 head head NN 12162 422 25 , , , 12162 422 26 the the DT 12162 422 27 _ _ NNP 12162 422 28 dux dux NN 12162 422 29 _ _ NNP 12162 422 30 , , , 12162 422 31 at at IN 12162 422 32 different different JJ 12162 422 33 times time NNS 12162 422 34 enjoying enjoy VBG 12162 422 35 a a DT 12162 422 36 greater great JJR 12162 422 37 or or CC 12162 422 38 less less JJR 12162 422 39 degree degree NN 12162 422 40 of of IN 12162 422 41 independence independence NN 12162 422 42 from from IN 12162 422 43 control control NN 12162 422 44 of of IN 12162 422 45 the the DT 12162 422 46 central central JJ 12162 422 47 power power NN 12162 422 48 . . . 12162 423 1 We -PRON- PRP 12162 423 2 have have VBP 12162 423 3 seen see VBN 12162 423 4 the the DT 12162 423 5 _ _ NNP 12162 423 6 dux dux NN 12162 423 7 _ _ NNP 12162 423 8 lord lord NNP 12162 423 9 as as RB 12162 423 10 well well RB 12162 423 11 as as IN 12162 423 12 judge judge NN 12162 423 13 in in IN 12162 423 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 423 15 own own JJ 12162 423 16 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 423 17 , , , 12162 423 18 and and CC 12162 423 19 standing stand VBG 12162 423 20 as as IN 12162 423 21 the the DT 12162 423 22 successor successor NN 12162 423 23 of of IN 12162 423 24 the the DT 12162 423 25 military military JJ 12162 423 26 leader leader NN 12162 423 27 chosen choose VBN 12162 423 28 by by IN 12162 423 29 the the DT 12162 423 30 people people NNS 12162 423 31 , , , 12162 423 32 instead instead RB 12162 423 33 of of IN 12162 423 34 holding hold VBG 12162 423 35 the the DT 12162 423 36 position position NN 12162 423 37 of of IN 12162 423 38 king king NN 12162 423 39 's 's POS 12162 423 40 servant servant NN 12162 423 41 ; ; : 12162 423 42 this this DT 12162 423 43 place place NN 12162 423 44 being be VBG 12162 423 45 more more RBR 12162 423 46 properly properly RB 12162 423 47 filled fill VBN 12162 423 48 by by IN 12162 423 49 the the DT 12162 423 50 gastald gastald NN 12162 423 51 , , , 12162 423 52 who who WP 12162 423 53 cared care VBD 12162 423 54 for for IN 12162 423 55 the the DT 12162 423 56 fiscal fiscal JJ 12162 423 57 interests interest NNS 12162 423 58 of of IN 12162 423 59 the the DT 12162 423 60 central central JJ 12162 423 61 power power NN 12162 423 62 , , , 12162 423 63 whose whose WP$ 12162 423 64 appointee appointee NN 12162 423 65 he -PRON- PRP 12162 423 66 was be VBD 12162 423 67 . . . 12162 424 1 Such such PDT 12162 424 2 a a DT 12162 424 3 form form NN 12162 424 4 of of IN 12162 424 5 government government NN 12162 424 6 , , , 12162 424 7 it -PRON- PRP 12162 424 8 can can MD 12162 424 9 be be VB 12162 424 10 readily readily RB 12162 424 11 seen see VBN 12162 424 12 , , , 12162 424 13 left leave VBN 12162 424 14 no no DT 12162 424 15 room room NN 12162 424 16 for for IN 12162 424 17 any any DT 12162 424 18 strong strong JJ 12162 424 19 development development NN 12162 424 20 of of IN 12162 424 21 the the DT 12162 424 22 principle principle NN 12162 424 23 of of IN 12162 424 24 centralization centralization NN 12162 424 25 , , , 12162 424 26 and and CC 12162 424 27 no no DT 12162 424 28 scope scope NN 12162 424 29 for for IN 12162 424 30 the the DT 12162 424 31 exercise exercise NN 12162 424 32 of of IN 12162 424 33 any any DT 12162 424 34 decided decide VBN 12162 424 35 power power NN 12162 424 36 or or CC 12162 424 37 even even RB 12162 424 38 of of IN 12162 424 39 general general JJ 12162 424 40 supervision supervision NN 12162 424 41 by by IN 12162 424 42 the the DT 12162 424 43 central central NNP 12162 424 44 authority authority NNP 12162 424 45 . . . 12162 425 1 The the DT 12162 425 2 heads head NNS 12162 425 3 of of IN 12162 425 4 the the DT 12162 425 5 _ _ NNP 12162 425 6 civitates civitate NNS 12162 425 7 _ _ NNP 12162 425 8 were be VBD 12162 425 9 the the DT 12162 425 10 king king NN 12162 425 11 's 's POS 12162 425 12 _ _ NNP 12162 425 13 judices judices NNPS 12162 425 14 _ _ NNP 12162 425 15 , , , 12162 425 16 it -PRON- PRP 12162 425 17 is be VBZ 12162 425 18 true true JJ 12162 425 19 , , , 12162 425 20 and and CC 12162 425 21 assembled assemble VBN 12162 425 22 to to TO 12162 425 23 assist assist VB 12162 425 24 him -PRON- PRP 12162 425 25 in in IN 12162 425 26 judgments judgment NNS 12162 425 27 at at IN 12162 425 28 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 425 29 general general JJ 12162 425 30 _ _ NNP 12162 425 31 placita placita NN 12162 425 32 _ _ NNP 12162 425 33 in in IN 12162 425 34 the the DT 12162 425 35 March March NNP 12162 425 36 of of IN 12162 425 37 each each DT 12162 425 38 year year NN 12162 425 39 ; ; : 12162 425 40 but but CC 12162 425 41 they -PRON- PRP 12162 425 42 bear bear VBP 12162 425 43 the the DT 12162 425 44 character character NN 12162 425 45 also also RB 12162 425 46 of of IN 12162 425 47 local local JJ 12162 425 48 lords lord NNS 12162 425 49 of of IN 12162 425 50 no no DT 12162 425 51 mean mean JJ 12162 425 52 importance importance NN 12162 425 53 , , , 12162 425 54 and and CC 12162 425 55 in in IN 12162 425 56 some some DT 12162 425 57 cases case NNS 12162 425 58 possessed possess VBN 12162 425 59 of of IN 12162 425 60 no no DT 12162 425 61 inconsiderable inconsiderable JJ 12162 425 62 amount amount NN 12162 425 63 of of IN 12162 425 64 power power NN 12162 425 65 . . . 12162 426 1 Such such PDT 12162 426 2 a a DT 12162 426 3 degree degree NN 12162 426 4 of of IN 12162 426 5 individual individual JJ 12162 426 6 influence influence NN 12162 426 7 -- -- : 12162 426 8 perhaps perhaps RB 12162 426 9 I -PRON- PRP 12162 426 10 should should MD 12162 426 11 exaggerate exaggerate VB 12162 426 12 if if IN 12162 426 13 I -PRON- PRP 12162 426 14 called call VBD 12162 426 15 it -PRON- PRP 12162 426 16 individual individual JJ 12162 426 17 independence independence NN 12162 426 18 -- -- : 12162 426 19 was be VBD 12162 426 20 , , , 12162 426 21 however however RB 12162 426 22 , , , 12162 426 23 little little RB 12162 426 24 suited suited JJ 12162 426 25 to to IN 12162 426 26 the the DT 12162 426 27 idea idea NN 12162 426 28 of of IN 12162 426 29 a a DT 12162 426 30 universal universal JJ 12162 426 31 centralized centralized JJ 12162 426 32 empire empire NN 12162 426 33 , , , 12162 426 34 which which WDT 12162 426 35 was be VBD 12162 426 36 the the DT 12162 426 37 forming form VBG 12162 426 38 principle principle NN 12162 426 39 of of IN 12162 426 40 the the DT 12162 426 41 government government NN 12162 426 42 of of IN 12162 426 43 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 12162 426 44 . . . 12162 427 1 While while IN 12162 427 2 recognizing recognize VBG 12162 427 3 the the DT 12162 427 4 necessity necessity NN 12162 427 5 of of IN 12162 427 6 retaining retain VBG 12162 427 7 the the DT 12162 427 8 fundamental fundamental JJ 12162 427 9 institution institution NN 12162 427 10 of of IN 12162 427 11 a a DT 12162 427 12 division division NN 12162 427 13 of of IN 12162 427 14 the the DT 12162 427 15 state state NN 12162 427 16 into into IN 12162 427 17 _ _ NNP 12162 427 18 civitates civitate NNS 12162 427 19 _ _ NNP 12162 427 20 , , , 12162 427 21 and and CC 12162 427 22 of of IN 12162 427 23 governing govern VBG 12162 427 24 it -PRON- PRP 12162 427 25 by by IN 12162 427 26 means mean NNS 12162 427 27 of of IN 12162 427 28 the the DT 12162 427 29 heads head NNS 12162 427 30 of of IN 12162 427 31 these these DT 12162 427 32 divisions division NNS 12162 427 33 , , , 12162 427 34 he -PRON- PRP 12162 427 35 wished wish VBD 12162 427 36 to to TO 12162 427 37 eliminate eliminate VB 12162 427 38 from from IN 12162 427 39 these these DT 12162 427 40 officers officer NNS 12162 427 41 all all PDT 12162 427 42 the the DT 12162 427 43 characteristics characteristic NNS 12162 427 44 of of IN 12162 427 45 local local JJ 12162 427 46 magnates magnate NNS 12162 427 47 , , , 12162 427 48 and and CC 12162 427 49 to to TO 12162 427 50 reduce reduce VB 12162 427 51 them -PRON- PRP 12162 427 52 to to IN 12162 427 53 the the DT 12162 427 54 more more RBR 12162 427 55 easily easily RB 12162 427 56 controlled control VBN 12162 427 57 position position NN 12162 427 58 of of IN 12162 427 59 servants servant NNS 12162 427 60 , , , 12162 427 61 and and CC 12162 427 62 dependents dependent NNS 12162 427 63 of of IN 12162 427 64 the the DT 12162 427 65 king king NN 12162 427 66 . . . 12162 428 1 This this DT 12162 428 2 object object NN 12162 428 3 he -PRON- PRP 12162 428 4 accomplished accomplish VBD 12162 428 5 most most RBS 12162 428 6 satisfactorily satisfactorily RB 12162 428 7 by by IN 12162 428 8 changing change VBG 12162 428 9 the the DT 12162 428 10 dukes duke NNS 12162 428 11 or or CC 12162 428 12 local local JJ 12162 428 13 lords lord NNS 12162 428 14 into into IN 12162 428 15 counts count NNS 12162 428 16 or or CC 12162 428 17 king king NN 12162 428 18 's 's POS 12162 428 19 men man NNS 12162 428 20 , , , 12162 428 21 by by IN 12162 428 22 appointing appoint VBG 12162 428 23 a a DT 12162 428 24 Count Count NNP 12162 428 25 of of IN 12162 428 26 the the DT 12162 428 27 Palace Palace NNP 12162 428 28 for for IN 12162 428 29 Italy Italy NNP 12162 428 30 , , , 12162 428 31 and and CC 12162 428 32 by by IN 12162 428 33 extending extend VBG 12162 428 34 to to IN 12162 428 35 that that DT 12162 428 36 kingdom kingdom NN 12162 428 37 the the DT 12162 428 38 perfectly perfectly RB 12162 428 39 organized organized JJ 12162 428 40 system system NN 12162 428 41 of of IN 12162 428 42 central central JJ 12162 428 43 control control NN 12162 428 44 by by IN 12162 428 45 means mean NNS 12162 428 46 of of IN 12162 428 47 the the DT 12162 428 48 _ _ NNP 12162 428 49 Missi Missi NNP 12162 428 50 Dominici Dominici NNP 12162 428 51 _ _ NNP 12162 428 52 , , , 12162 428 53 with with IN 12162 428 54 the the DT 12162 428 55 workings working NNS 12162 428 56 of of IN 12162 428 57 which which WDT 12162 428 58 in in IN 12162 428 59 the the DT 12162 428 60 other other JJ 12162 428 61 parts part NNS 12162 428 62 of of IN 12162 428 63 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 428 64 great great JJ 12162 428 65 empire empire NN 12162 428 66 the the DT 12162 428 67 student student NN 12162 428 68 of of IN 12162 428 69 history history NN 12162 428 70 is be VBZ 12162 428 71 too too RB 12162 428 72 well well RB 12162 428 73 acquainted acquaint VBN 12162 428 74 to to TO 12162 428 75 need need VB 12162 428 76 any any DT 12162 428 77 description description NN 12162 428 78 here here RB 12162 428 79 . . . 12162 429 1 The the DT 12162 429 2 immediate immediate JJ 12162 429 3 changes change NNS 12162 429 4 in in IN 12162 429 5 the the DT 12162 429 6 life life NN 12162 429 7 of of IN 12162 429 8 the the DT 12162 429 9 people people NNS 12162 429 10 consequent consequent VBG 12162 429 11 on on IN 12162 429 12 the the DT 12162 429 13 introduction introduction NN 12162 429 14 of of IN 12162 429 15 this this DT 12162 429 16 system system NN 12162 429 17 were be VBD 12162 429 18 not not RB 12162 429 19 considerable considerable JJ 12162 429 20 , , , 12162 429 21 if if IN 12162 429 22 we -PRON- PRP 12162 429 23 except except IN 12162 429 24 a a DT 12162 429 25 great great JJ 12162 429 26 improvement improvement NN 12162 429 27 in in IN 12162 429 28 public public JJ 12162 429 29 order order NN 12162 429 30 and and CC 12162 429 31 a a DT 12162 429 32 marked marked JJ 12162 429 33 advance advance NN 12162 429 34 in in IN 12162 429 35 the the DT 12162 429 36 equitable equitable NNP 12162 429 37 administration administration NNP 12162 429 38 of of IN 12162 429 39 justice justice NN 12162 429 40 ; ; : 12162 429 41 but but CC 12162 429 42 it -PRON- PRP 12162 429 43 needs need VBZ 12162 429 44 no no DT 12162 429 45 great great JJ 12162 429 46 foresight foresight NN 12162 429 47 to to TO 12162 429 48 see see VB 12162 429 49 that that IN 12162 429 50 the the DT 12162 429 51 ultimate ultimate JJ 12162 429 52 effects effect NNS 12162 429 53 on on IN 12162 429 54 the the DT 12162 429 55 position position NN 12162 429 56 held hold VBN 12162 429 57 by by IN 12162 429 58 the the DT 12162 429 59 municipal municipal JJ 12162 429 60 units unit NNS 12162 429 61 in in IN 12162 429 62 the the DT 12162 429 63 community community NN 12162 429 64 could could MD 12162 429 65 not not RB 12162 429 66 fail fail VB 12162 429 67 to to TO 12162 429 68 be be VB 12162 429 69 important important JJ 12162 429 70 and and CC 12162 429 71 far far RB 12162 429 72 - - HYPH 12162 429 73 reaching reaching JJ 12162 429 74 . . . 12162 430 1 The the DT 12162 430 2 new new JJ 12162 430 3 officer officer NN 12162 430 4 , , , 12162 430 5 the the DT 12162 430 6 count count NN 12162 430 7 , , , 12162 430 8 stripped strip VBN 12162 430 9 of of IN 12162 430 10 all all PDT 12162 430 11 the the DT 12162 430 12 importance importance NN 12162 430 13 that that IN 12162 430 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 430 15 predecessor predecessor NN 12162 430 16 , , , 12162 430 17 the the DT 12162 430 18 duke duke NNP 12162 430 19 , , , 12162 430 20 had have VBD 12162 430 21 enjoyed enjoy VBN 12162 430 22 as as IN 12162 430 23 lord lord NNP 12162 430 24 of of IN 12162 430 25 the the DT 12162 430 26 country country NN 12162 430 27 over over IN 12162 430 28 which which WDT 12162 430 29 he -PRON- PRP 12162 430 30 ruled rule VBD 12162 430 31 , , , 12162 430 32 was be VBD 12162 430 33 placed place VBN 12162 430 34 in in IN 12162 430 35 each each DT 12162 430 36 city city NN 12162 430 37 to to TO 12162 430 38 govern govern VB 12162 430 39 , , , 12162 430 40 in in IN 12162 430 41 the the DT 12162 430 42 king king NN 12162 430 43 's 's POS 12162 430 44 name name NN 12162 430 45 , , , 12162 430 46 it -PRON- PRP 12162 430 47 and and CC 12162 430 48 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 430 49 _ _ NNP 12162 430 50 territorium territorium NN 12162 430 51 _ _ NNP 12162 430 52 . . . 12162 431 1 As as RB 12162 431 2 long long RB 12162 431 3 as as IN 12162 431 4 the the DT 12162 431 5 empire empire NN 12162 431 6 of of IN 12162 431 7 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 12162 431 8 retained retain VBD 12162 431 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 431 10 integrity integrity NN 12162 431 11 , , , 12162 431 12 and and CC 12162 431 13 as as RB 12162 431 14 long long RB 12162 431 15 as as IN 12162 431 16 the the DT 12162 431 17 reins rein NNS 12162 431 18 of of IN 12162 431 19 central central JJ 12162 431 20 government government NN 12162 431 21 were be VBD 12162 431 22 held hold VBN 12162 431 23 by by IN 12162 431 24 a a DT 12162 431 25 strong strong JJ 12162 431 26 hand hand NN 12162 431 27 and and CC 12162 431 28 the the DT 12162 431 29 control control NN 12162 431 30 it -PRON- PRP 12162 431 31 exercised exercise VBD 12162 431 32 was be VBD 12162 431 33 felt feel VBN 12162 431 34 to to TO 12162 431 35 be be VB 12162 431 36 positive positive JJ 12162 431 37 and and CC 12162 431 38 real real JJ 12162 431 39 , , , 12162 431 40 the the DT 12162 431 41 change change NN 12162 431 42 in in IN 12162 431 43 the the DT 12162 431 44 character character NN 12162 431 45 of of IN 12162 431 46 the the DT 12162 431 47 local local JJ 12162 431 48 governor governor NN 12162 431 49 was be VBD 12162 431 50 of of IN 12162 431 51 little little JJ 12162 431 52 moment moment NN 12162 431 53 ; ; : 12162 431 54 but but CC 12162 431 55 as as RB 12162 431 56 soon soon RB 12162 431 57 as as IN 12162 431 58 the the DT 12162 431 59 power power NN 12162 431 60 of of IN 12162 431 61 the the DT 12162 431 62 central central JJ 12162 431 63 government government NN 12162 431 64 weakened weaken VBD 12162 431 65 -- -- : 12162 431 66 during during IN 12162 431 67 the the DT 12162 431 68 inglorious inglorious JJ 12162 431 69 reigns reign NNS 12162 431 70 of of IN 12162 431 71 the the DT 12162 431 72 immediate immediate JJ 12162 431 73 successors successor NNS 12162 431 74 of of IN 12162 431 75 the the DT 12162 431 76 great great JJ 12162 431 77 emperor emperor NN 12162 431 78 -- -- : 12162 431 79 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 431 80 hold hold NN 12162 431 81 on on IN 12162 431 82 the the DT 12162 431 83 administration administration NN 12162 431 84 of of IN 12162 431 85 the the DT 12162 431 86 local local JJ 12162 431 87 units unit NNS 12162 431 88 slackened slacken VBD 12162 431 89 immediately immediately RB 12162 431 90 ; ; : 12162 431 91 and and CC 12162 431 92 in in IN 12162 431 93 proportion proportion NN 12162 431 94 as as IN 12162 431 95 the the DT 12162 431 96 vitality vitality NN 12162 431 97 of of IN 12162 431 98 the the DT 12162 431 99 new new JJ 12162 431 100 central central JJ 12162 431 101 control control NN 12162 431 102 diminishes diminishe NNS 12162 431 103 , , , 12162 431 104 we -PRON- PRP 12162 431 105 see see VBP 12162 431 106 appearing appear VBG 12162 431 107 the the DT 12162 431 108 effects effect NNS 12162 431 109 which which WDT 12162 431 110 must must MD 12162 431 111 always always RB 12162 431 112 result result VB 12162 431 113 when when WRB 12162 431 114 the the DT 12162 431 115 strong strong JJ 12162 431 116 hand hand NN 12162 431 117 of of IN 12162 431 118 an an DT 12162 431 119 active active JJ 12162 431 120 central central JJ 12162 431 121 power power NN 12162 431 122 is be VBZ 12162 431 123 removed remove VBN 12162 431 124 from from IN 12162 431 125 a a DT 12162 431 126 system system NN 12162 431 127 of of IN 12162 431 128 administration administration NN 12162 431 129 which which WDT 12162 431 130 had have VBD 12162 431 131 been be VBN 12162 431 132 based base VBN 12162 431 133 on on IN 12162 431 134 the the DT 12162 431 135 exercise exercise NN 12162 431 136 of of IN 12162 431 137 such such PDT 12162 431 138 a a DT 12162 431 139 power power NN 12162 431 140 . . . 12162 432 1 These these DT 12162 432 2 effects effect NNS 12162 432 3 are be VBP 12162 432 4 the the DT 12162 432 5 increased increase VBN 12162 432 6 importance importance NN 12162 432 7 -- -- : 12162 432 8 I -PRON- PRP 12162 432 9 may may MD 12162 432 10 now now RB 12162 432 11 say say VB 12162 432 12 the the DT 12162 432 13 increased increase VBN 12162 432 14 independence independence NN 12162 432 15 -- -- : 12162 432 16 of of IN 12162 432 17 the the DT 12162 432 18 local local JJ 12162 432 19 units unit NNS 12162 432 20 ; ; : 12162 432 21 of of IN 12162 432 22 these these DT 12162 432 23 local local JJ 12162 432 24 units unit NNS 12162 432 25 themselves -PRON- PRP 12162 432 26 as as IN 12162 432 27 distinguished distinguish VBN 12162 432 28 from from IN 12162 432 29 the the DT 12162 432 30 heads head NNS 12162 432 31 who who WP 12162 432 32 rule rule VBP 12162 432 33 over over IN 12162 432 34 them -PRON- PRP 12162 432 35 . . . 12162 433 1 The the DT 12162 433 2 change change NN 12162 433 3 had have VBD 12162 433 4 made make VBN 12162 433 5 these these DT 12162 433 6 units unit NNS 12162 433 7 more more RBR 12162 433 8 organic organic JJ 12162 433 9 parts part NNS 12162 433 10 of of IN 12162 433 11 the the DT 12162 433 12 state state NN 12162 433 13 than than IN 12162 433 14 they -PRON- PRP 12162 433 15 had have VBD 12162 433 16 ever ever RB 12162 433 17 been be VBN 12162 433 18 before before RB 12162 433 19 : : : 12162 433 20 we -PRON- PRP 12162 433 21 have have VBP 12162 433 22 seen see VBN 12162 433 23 them -PRON- PRP 12162 433 24 first first RB 12162 433 25 made make VBN 12162 433 26 prominent prominent JJ 12162 433 27 by by IN 12162 433 28 being be VBG 12162 433 29 the the DT 12162 433 30 seats seat NNS 12162 433 31 of of IN 12162 433 32 the the DT 12162 433 33 rulers ruler NNS 12162 433 34 of of IN 12162 433 35 the the DT 12162 433 36 _ _ NNP 12162 433 37 civitas civita NNS 12162 433 38 _ _ NNP 12162 433 39 , , , 12162 433 40 and and CC 12162 433 41 now now RB 12162 433 42 we -PRON- PRP 12162 433 43 are be VBP 12162 433 44 to to TO 12162 433 45 see see VB 12162 433 46 them -PRON- PRP 12162 433 47 gain gain VB 12162 433 48 a a DT 12162 433 49 more more RBR 12162 433 50 significant significant JJ 12162 433 51 advance advance NN 12162 433 52 by by IN 12162 433 53 coming come VBG 12162 433 54 into into IN 12162 433 55 relation relation NN 12162 433 56 with with IN 12162 433 57 the the DT 12162 433 58 head head NN 12162 433 59 of of IN 12162 433 60 the the DT 12162 433 61 state state NN 12162 433 62 directly directly RB 12162 433 63 , , , 12162 433 64 instead instead RB 12162 433 65 of of IN 12162 433 66 through through IN 12162 433 67 the the DT 12162 433 68 personal personal JJ 12162 433 69 power power NN 12162 433 70 of of IN 12162 433 71 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 433 72 lord lord NNP 12162 433 73 . . . 12162 434 1 For for IN 12162 434 2 the the DT 12162 434 3 local local JJ 12162 434 4 ruler ruler NN 12162 434 5 has have VBZ 12162 434 6 yielded yield VBN 12162 434 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 434 8 individual individual JJ 12162 434 9 pre pre NN 12162 434 10 - - NN 12162 434 11 eminence eminence NN 12162 434 12 to to IN 12162 434 13 the the DT 12162 434 14 central central JJ 12162 434 15 government government NN 12162 434 16 ; ; : 12162 434 17 and and CC 12162 434 18 when when WRB 12162 434 19 this this DT 12162 434 20 fails fail VBZ 12162 434 21 to to TO 12162 434 22 maintain maintain VB 12162 434 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 434 24 authority authority NN 12162 434 25 , , , 12162 434 26 in in IN 12162 434 27 any any DT 12162 434 28 community community NN 12162 434 29 whose whose WP$ 12162 434 30 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 12162 434 31 are be VBP 12162 434 32 capable capable JJ 12162 434 33 of of IN 12162 434 34 fostering foster VBG 12162 434 35 the the DT 12162 434 36 seeds seed NNS 12162 434 37 of of IN 12162 434 38 independence independence NN 12162 434 39 once once RB 12162 434 40 sown sown RB 12162 434 41 , , , 12162 434 42 it -PRON- PRP 12162 434 43 is be VBZ 12162 434 44 difficult difficult JJ 12162 434 45 if if IN 12162 434 46 not not RB 12162 434 47 impossible impossible JJ 12162 434 48 for for IN 12162 434 49 a a DT 12162 434 50 successor successor NN 12162 434 51 to to TO 12162 434 52 repossess repossess VB 12162 434 53 himself -PRON- PRP 12162 434 54 of of IN 12162 434 55 the the DT 12162 434 56 privileges privilege NNS 12162 434 57 which which WDT 12162 434 58 have have VBP 12162 434 59 been be VBN 12162 434 60 forfeited forfeit VBN 12162 434 61 . . . 12162 435 1 In in IN 12162 435 2 any any DT 12162 435 3 state state NN 12162 435 4 where where WRB 12162 435 5 the the DT 12162 435 6 seat seat NN 12162 435 7 of of IN 12162 435 8 central central JJ 12162 435 9 authority authority NN 12162 435 10 is be VBZ 12162 435 11 distant distant JJ 12162 435 12 or or CC 12162 435 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 435 14 power power NN 12162 435 15 only only RB 12162 435 16 exercised exercise VBD 12162 435 17 feebly feebly RB 12162 435 18 and and CC 12162 435 19 at at IN 12162 435 20 intervals interval NNS 12162 435 21 , , , 12162 435 22 the the DT 12162 435 23 local local JJ 12162 435 24 units unit NNS 12162 435 25 secure secure VBP 12162 435 26 much much RB 12162 435 27 greater great JJR 12162 435 28 independence independence NN 12162 435 29 and and CC 12162 435 30 importance importance NN 12162 435 31 , , , 12162 435 32 through through IN 12162 435 33 the the DT 12162 435 34 very very JJ 12162 435 35 necessity necessity NN 12162 435 36 of of IN 12162 435 37 performing perform VBG 12162 435 38 many many JJ 12162 435 39 functions function NNS 12162 435 40 left leave VBN 12162 435 41 unheeded unheede VBN 12162 435 42 by by IN 12162 435 43 the the DT 12162 435 44 ruler ruler NN 12162 435 45 of of IN 12162 435 46 all all DT 12162 435 47 ; ; : 12162 435 48 and and CC 12162 435 49 if if IN 12162 435 50 the the DT 12162 435 51 people people NNS 12162 435 52 are be VBP 12162 435 53 self self NN 12162 435 54 - - HYPH 12162 435 55 reliant reliant JJ 12162 435 56 in in IN 12162 435 57 character character NN 12162 435 58 , , , 12162 435 59 they -PRON- PRP 12162 435 60 will will MD 12162 435 61 in in IN 12162 435 62 time time NN 12162 435 63 develop develop VB 12162 435 64 a a DT 12162 435 65 sort sort NN 12162 435 66 of of IN 12162 435 67 self self NN 12162 435 68 - - HYPH 12162 435 69 government government NN 12162 435 70 which which WDT 12162 435 71 , , , 12162 435 72 although although IN 12162 435 73 it -PRON- PRP 12162 435 74 would would MD 12162 435 75 not not RB 12162 435 76 at at IN 12162 435 77 first first RB 12162 435 78 think think NN 12162 435 79 of of IN 12162 435 80 questioning question VBG 12162 435 81 the the DT 12162 435 82 theoretical theoretical JJ 12162 435 83 right right NN 12162 435 84 and and CC 12162 435 85 overlordship overlordship NN 12162 435 86 of of IN 12162 435 87 the the DT 12162 435 88 central central JJ 12162 435 89 power power NN 12162 435 90 , , , 12162 435 91 will will MD 12162 435 92 eventually eventually RB 12162 435 93 brook brook VB 12162 435 94 but but CC 12162 435 95 little little JJ 12162 435 96 interference interference NN 12162 435 97 with with IN 12162 435 98 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 435 99 modes mode NNS 12162 435 100 of of IN 12162 435 101 procedure procedure NN 12162 435 102 and and CC 12162 435 103 with with IN 12162 435 104 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 435 105 exercise exercise NN 12162 435 106 of of IN 12162 435 107 functions function NNS 12162 435 108 , , , 12162 435 109 which which WDT 12162 435 110 the the DT 12162 435 111 lapse lapse NN 12162 435 112 of of IN 12162 435 113 time time NN 12162 435 114 has have VBZ 12162 435 115 transformed transform VBN 12162 435 116 from from IN 12162 435 117 enforced enforce VBN 12162 435 118 duties duty NNS 12162 435 119 into into IN 12162 435 120 jealously jealously RB 12162 435 121 guarded guard VBN 12162 435 122 privileges privilege NNS 12162 435 123 . . . 12162 436 1 This this DT 12162 436 2 is be VBZ 12162 436 3 the the DT 12162 436 4 keynote keynote NN 12162 436 5 of of IN 12162 436 6 the the DT 12162 436 7 later later JJ 12162 436 8 history history NN 12162 436 9 of of IN 12162 436 10 the the DT 12162 436 11 Italian italian JJ 12162 436 12 cities city NNS 12162 436 13 . . . 12162 437 1 This this DT 12162 437 2 it -PRON- PRP 12162 437 3 was be VBD 12162 437 4 , , , 12162 437 5 and and CC 12162 437 6 not not RB 12162 437 7 any any DT 12162 437 8 real real JJ 12162 437 9 lack lack NN 12162 437 10 of of IN 12162 437 11 patriotism patriotism NN 12162 437 12 , , , 12162 437 13 which which WDT 12162 437 14 made make VBD 12162 437 15 them -PRON- PRP 12162 437 16 choose choose VB 12162 437 17 a a DT 12162 437 18 German german JJ 12162 437 19 emperor emperor NN 12162 437 20 instead instead RB 12162 437 21 of of IN 12162 437 22 an an DT 12162 437 23 Italian italian JJ 12162 437 24 king king NN 12162 437 25 . . . 12162 438 1 There there EX 12162 438 2 was be VBD 12162 438 3 no no DT 12162 438 4 room room NN 12162 438 5 at at IN 12162 438 6 that that DT 12162 438 7 time time NN 12162 438 8 for for IN 12162 438 9 the the DT 12162 438 10 idea idea NN 12162 438 11 of of IN 12162 438 12 Italian italian JJ 12162 438 13 unity unity NN 12162 438 14 , , , 12162 438 15 as as IN 12162 438 16 we -PRON- PRP 12162 438 17 now now RB 12162 438 18 understand understand VBP 12162 438 19 it -PRON- PRP 12162 438 20 : : : 12162 438 21 the the DT 12162 438 22 nature nature NN 12162 438 23 of of IN 12162 438 24 the the DT 12162 438 25 people people NNS 12162 438 26 alone alone RB 12162 438 27 would would MD 12162 438 28 have have VB 12162 438 29 rendered render VBN 12162 438 30 such such PDT 12162 438 31 a a DT 12162 438 32 thing thing NN 12162 438 33 impossible impossible JJ 12162 438 34 , , , 12162 438 35 even even RB 12162 438 36 if if IN 12162 438 37 we -PRON- PRP 12162 438 38 leave leave VBP 12162 438 39 out out IN 12162 438 40 of of IN 12162 438 41 account account NN 12162 438 42 the the DT 12162 438 43 fact fact NN 12162 438 44 that that IN 12162 438 45 Italy Italy NNP 12162 438 46 was be VBD 12162 438 47 the the DT 12162 438 48 meeting meeting NN 12162 438 49 - - HYPH 12162 438 50 ground ground NN 12162 438 51 of of IN 12162 438 52 the the DT 12162 438 53 two two CD 12162 438 54 great great JJ 12162 438 55 powers power NNS 12162 438 56 of of IN 12162 438 57 the the DT 12162 438 58 mediaeval mediaeval JJ 12162 438 59 world world NN 12162 438 60 , , , 12162 438 61 the the DT 12162 438 62 Pope Pope NNP 12162 438 63 and and CC 12162 438 64 the the DT 12162 438 65 Emperor Emperor NNP 12162 438 66 . . . 12162 439 1 Italy Italy NNP 12162 439 2 then then RB 12162 439 3 must must MD 12162 439 4 have have VB 12162 439 5 had have VBD 12162 439 6 two two CD 12162 439 7 masters master NNS 12162 439 8 , , , 12162 439 9 or or CC 12162 439 10 have have VBP 12162 439 11 been be VBN 12162 439 12 the the DT 12162 439 13 slave slave NN 12162 439 14 of of IN 12162 439 15 one one CD 12162 439 16 . . . 12162 440 1 The the DT 12162 440 2 same same JJ 12162 440 3 spirit spirit NN 12162 440 4 of of IN 12162 440 5 civic civic JJ 12162 440 6 independence independence NN 12162 440 7 which which WDT 12162 440 8 caused cause VBD 12162 440 9 the the DT 12162 440 10 development development NN 12162 440 11 of of IN 12162 440 12 Ancient Ancient NNP 12162 440 13 Greece Greece NNP 12162 440 14 by by IN 12162 440 15 preventing prevent VBG 12162 440 16 the the DT 12162 440 17 universal universal JJ 12162 440 18 rule rule NN 12162 440 19 of of IN 12162 440 20 one one CD 12162 440 21 power power NN 12162 440 22 , , , 12162 440 23 caused cause VBD 12162 440 24 the the DT 12162 440 25 Italians Italians NNPS 12162 440 26 , , , 12162 440 27 under under IN 12162 440 28 different different JJ 12162 440 29 conditions condition NNS 12162 440 30 , , , 12162 440 31 to to TO 12162 440 32 pit pit VB 12162 440 33 one one CD 12162 440 34 master master NN 12162 440 35 against against IN 12162 440 36 another another DT 12162 440 37 to to TO 12162 440 38 attain attain VB 12162 440 39 the the DT 12162 440 40 same same JJ 12162 440 41 end end NN 12162 440 42 . . . 12162 441 1 Even even RB 12162 441 2 Liutprand Liutprand NNP 12162 441 3 , , , 12162 441 4 the the DT 12162 441 5 old old JJ 12162 441 6 historian historian NN 12162 441 7 of of IN 12162 441 8 the the DT 12162 441 9 tenth tenth JJ 12162 441 10 century century NN 12162 441 11 , , , 12162 441 12 recognized recognize VBD 12162 441 13 this this DT 12162 441 14 . . . 12162 442 1 In in IN 12162 442 2 the the DT 12162 442 3 first first JJ 12162 442 4 book book NN 12162 442 5 of of IN 12162 442 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 442 7 " " `` 12162 442 8 Historia Historia NNP 12162 442 9 " " '' 12162 442 10 he -PRON- PRP 12162 442 11 says say VBZ 12162 442 12 : : : 12162 442 13 " " `` 12162 442 14 The the DT 12162 442 15 Italians Italians NNPS 12162 442 16 wish wish VBP 12162 442 17 always always RB 12162 442 18 to to TO 12162 442 19 serve serve VB 12162 442 20 two two CD 12162 442 21 masters master NNS 12162 442 22 , , , 12162 442 23 in in IN 12162 442 24 order order NN 12162 442 25 to to TO 12162 442 26 restrain restrain VB 12162 442 27 one one CD 12162 442 28 by by IN 12162 442 29 means mean NNS 12162 442 30 of of IN 12162 442 31 the the DT 12162 442 32 terror terror NN 12162 442 33 with with IN 12162 442 34 which which WDT 12162 442 35 the the DT 12162 442 36 other other JJ 12162 442 37 inspires inspire VBZ 12162 442 38 him -PRON- PRP 12162 442 39 . . . 12162 443 1 " " `` 12162 443 2 [ [ -LRB- 12162 443 3 57 57 CD 12162 443 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 443 5 By by IN 12162 443 6 means mean NNS 12162 443 7 of of IN 12162 443 8 holding hold VBG 12162 443 9 in in IN 12162 443 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 443 11 hands hand NNS 12162 443 12 the the DT 12162 443 13 balance balance NN 12162 443 14 of of IN 12162 443 15 power power NN 12162 443 16 they -PRON- PRP 12162 443 17 hoped hope VBD 12162 443 18 to to TO 12162 443 19 rule rule VB 12162 443 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 443 21 rulers ruler NNS 12162 443 22 ; ; : 12162 443 23 and and CC 12162 443 24 to to TO 12162 443 25 attain attain VB 12162 443 26 this this DT 12162 443 27 object object NN 12162 443 28 was be VBD 12162 443 29 the the DT 12162 443 30 only only JJ 12162 443 31 reason reason NN 12162 443 32 which which WDT 12162 443 33 ever ever RB 12162 443 34 prompted prompt VBD 12162 443 35 the the DT 12162 443 36 cities city NNS 12162 443 37 to to TO 12162 443 38 unite unite VB 12162 443 39 with with IN 12162 443 40 any any DT 12162 443 41 degree degree NN 12162 443 42 of of IN 12162 443 43 harmony harmony NN 12162 443 44 . . . 12162 444 1 Local local JJ 12162 444 2 independence independence NN 12162 444 3 was be VBD 12162 444 4 what what WP 12162 444 5 they -PRON- PRP 12162 444 6 aimed aim VBD 12162 444 7 at at IN 12162 444 8 , , , 12162 444 9 and and CC 12162 444 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 444 11 shrewdness shrewdness NN 12162 444 12 showed show VBD 12162 444 13 them -PRON- PRP 12162 444 14 the the DT 12162 444 15 only only JJ 12162 444 16 possible possible JJ 12162 444 17 means mean NNS 12162 444 18 in in IN 12162 444 19 that that DT 12162 444 20 age age NN 12162 444 21 of of IN 12162 444 22 securing secure VBG 12162 444 23 it -PRON- PRP 12162 444 24 . . . 12162 445 1 These these DT 12162 445 2 results result NNS 12162 445 3 could could MD 12162 445 4 hardly hardly RB 12162 445 5 have have VB 12162 445 6 been be VBN 12162 445 7 attained attain VBN 12162 445 8 if if IN 12162 445 9 society society NN 12162 445 10 had have VBD 12162 445 11 remained remain VBN 12162 445 12 such such JJ 12162 445 13 that that IN 12162 445 14 the the DT 12162 445 15 prominence prominence NN 12162 445 16 of of IN 12162 445 17 the the DT 12162 445 18 local local JJ 12162 445 19 divisions division NNS 12162 445 20 was be VBD 12162 445 21 dependent dependent JJ 12162 445 22 on on IN 12162 445 23 the the DT 12162 445 24 prominence prominence NN 12162 445 25 of of IN 12162 445 26 the the DT 12162 445 27 respective respective JJ 12162 445 28 heads head NNS 12162 445 29 of of IN 12162 445 30 these these DT 12162 445 31 divisions division NNS 12162 445 32 ; ; : 12162 445 33 but but CC 12162 445 34 the the DT 12162 445 35 character character NN 12162 445 36 of of IN 12162 445 37 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 445 38 local local JJ 12162 445 39 rulers ruler NNS 12162 445 40 once once RB 12162 445 41 changed change VBD 12162 445 42 , , , 12162 445 43 and and CC 12162 445 44 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 445 45 powers power NNS 12162 445 46 in in IN 12162 445 47 a a DT 12162 445 48 great great JJ 12162 445 49 measure measure NN 12162 445 50 absorbed absorb VBN 12162 445 51 by by IN 12162 445 52 the the DT 12162 445 53 act act NN 12162 445 54 of of IN 12162 445 55 a a DT 12162 445 56 strong strong JJ 12162 445 57 central central JJ 12162 445 58 power power NN 12162 445 59 , , , 12162 445 60 when when WRB 12162 445 61 that that DT 12162 445 62 power power NN 12162 445 63 fell fall VBD 12162 445 64 to to IN 12162 445 65 pieces piece NNS 12162 445 66 it -PRON- PRP 12162 445 67 was be VBD 12162 445 68 much much RB 12162 445 69 easier easy JJR 12162 445 70 for for IN 12162 445 71 the the DT 12162 445 72 local local JJ 12162 445 73 divisions division NNS 12162 445 74 , , , 12162 445 75 as as IN 12162 445 76 such such JJ 12162 445 77 , , , 12162 445 78 to to TO 12162 445 79 increase increase VB 12162 445 80 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 445 81 independence independence NN 12162 445 82 , , , 12162 445 83 and and CC 12162 445 84 to to TO 12162 445 85 utilize utilize VB 12162 445 86 the the DT 12162 445 87 advance advance NN 12162 445 88 they -PRON- PRP 12162 445 89 had have VBD 12162 445 90 made make VBN 12162 445 91 , , , 12162 445 92 by by IN 12162 445 93 means mean NNS 12162 445 94 of of IN 12162 445 95 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 445 96 more more RBR 12162 445 97 direct direct JJ 12162 445 98 relation relation NN 12162 445 99 to to IN 12162 445 100 the the DT 12162 445 101 central central JJ 12162 445 102 power power NN 12162 445 103 , , , 12162 445 104 to to TO 12162 445 105 gain gain VB 12162 445 106 a a DT 12162 445 107 position position NN 12162 445 108 which which WDT 12162 445 109 they -PRON- PRP 12162 445 110 would would MD 12162 445 111 enjoy enjoy VB 12162 445 112 in in IN 12162 445 113 spite spite NN 12162 445 114 of of IN 12162 445 115 the the DT 12162 445 116 efforts effort NNS 12162 445 117 alike alike RB 12162 445 118 of of IN 12162 445 119 that that DT 12162 445 120 power power NN 12162 445 121 and and CC 12162 445 122 of of IN 12162 445 123 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 445 124 old old JJ 12162 445 125 rulers ruler NNS 12162 445 126 . . . 12162 446 1 Such such PDT 12162 446 2 a a DT 12162 446 3 position position NN 12162 446 4 would would MD 12162 446 5 not not RB 12162 446 6 be be VB 12162 446 7 reached reach VBN 12162 446 8 except except IN 12162 446 9 by by IN 12162 446 10 means mean NNS 12162 446 11 of of IN 12162 446 12 great great JJ 12162 446 13 struggles struggle NNS 12162 446 14 and and CC 12162 446 15 by by IN 12162 446 16 passing pass VBG 12162 446 17 through through IN 12162 446 18 a a DT 12162 446 19 period period NN 12162 446 20 of of IN 12162 446 21 great great JJ 12162 446 22 disintegration disintegration NN 12162 446 23 and and CC 12162 446 24 of of IN 12162 446 25 fierce fierce JJ 12162 446 26 internal internal JJ 12162 446 27 strife strife NN 12162 446 28 between between IN 12162 446 29 opposing oppose VBG 12162 446 30 factions faction NNS 12162 446 31 , , , 12162 446 32 such such JJ 12162 446 33 as as IN 12162 446 34 in in IN 12162 446 35 the the DT 12162 446 36 history history NN 12162 446 37 of of IN 12162 446 38 the the DT 12162 446 39 Italian italian JJ 12162 446 40 communes commune NNS 12162 446 41 is be VBZ 12162 446 42 represented represent VBN 12162 446 43 by by IN 12162 446 44 the the DT 12162 446 45 dark dark JJ 12162 446 46 period period NN 12162 446 47 between between IN 12162 446 48 the the DT 12162 446 49 fall fall NN 12162 446 50 of of IN 12162 446 51 the the DT 12162 446 52 last last JJ 12162 446 53 of of IN 12162 446 54 the the DT 12162 446 55 Carlovingians Carlovingians NNPS 12162 446 56 and and CC 12162 446 57 the the DT 12162 446 58 election election NN 12162 446 59 of of IN 12162 446 60 the the DT 12162 446 61 first first JJ 12162 446 62 German german JJ 12162 446 63 emperor emperor NN 12162 446 64 as as IN 12162 446 65 king king NN 12162 446 66 of of IN 12162 446 67 Italy Italy NNP 12162 446 68 ; ; : 12162 446 69 but but CC 12162 446 70 once once RB 12162 446 71 attained attain VBN 12162 446 72 , , , 12162 446 73 the the DT 12162 446 74 character character NN 12162 446 75 of of IN 12162 446 76 the the DT 12162 446 77 people people NNS 12162 446 78 who who WP 12162 446 79 accomplished accomplish VBD 12162 446 80 it -PRON- PRP 12162 446 81 would would MD 12162 446 82 ensure ensure VB 12162 446 83 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 446 84 permanence permanence NN 12162 446 85 , , , 12162 446 86 as as RB 12162 446 87 long long RB 12162 446 88 as as IN 12162 446 89 they -PRON- PRP 12162 446 90 retained retain VBD 12162 446 91 those those DT 12162 446 92 principles principle NNS 12162 446 93 of of IN 12162 446 94 independence independence NN 12162 446 95 which which WDT 12162 446 96 had have VBD 12162 446 97 made make VBN 12162 446 98 them -PRON- PRP 12162 446 99 victorious victorious JJ 12162 446 100 in in IN 12162 446 101 the the DT 12162 446 102 struggle struggle NN 12162 446 103 . . . 12162 447 1 After after IN 12162 447 2 this this DT 12162 447 3 short short JJ 12162 447 4 discussion discussion NN 12162 447 5 , , , 12162 447 6 in in IN 12162 447 7 which which WDT 12162 447 8 we -PRON- PRP 12162 447 9 have have VBP 12162 447 10 traced trace VBN 12162 447 11 the the DT 12162 447 12 ultimate ultimate JJ 12162 447 13 effects effect NNS 12162 447 14 of of IN 12162 447 15 the the DT 12162 447 16 action action NN 12162 447 17 of of IN 12162 447 18 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 12162 447 19 in in IN 12162 447 20 changing change VBG 12162 447 21 the the DT 12162 447 22 dukes duke NNS 12162 447 23 into into IN 12162 447 24 counts count NNS 12162 447 25 , , , 12162 447 26 let let VB 12162 447 27 us -PRON- PRP 12162 447 28 look look VB 12162 447 29 at at IN 12162 447 30 another another DT 12162 447 31 feature feature NN 12162 447 32 in in IN 12162 447 33 the the DT 12162 447 34 field field NN 12162 447 35 of of IN 12162 447 36 city city NN 12162 447 37 government government NN 12162 447 38 introduced introduce VBN 12162 447 39 by by IN 12162 447 40 him -PRON- PRP 12162 447 41 , , , 12162 447 42 the the DT 12162 447 43 new new JJ 12162 447 44 office office NN 12162 447 45 of of IN 12162 447 46 the the DT 12162 447 47 _ _ NNP 12162 447 48 scabinus scabinus NN 12162 447 49 _ _ NNP 12162 447 50 or or CC 12162 447 51 city city NN 12162 447 52 judge judge NN 12162 447 53 . . . 12162 448 1 According accord VBG 12162 448 2 to to IN 12162 448 3 the the DT 12162 448 4 theory theory NN 12162 448 5 of of IN 12162 448 6 judicial judicial JJ 12162 448 7 procedure procedure NN 12162 448 8 among among IN 12162 448 9 the the DT 12162 448 10 Teutonic Teutonic NNP 12162 448 11 nations nation NNS 12162 448 12 , , , 12162 448 13 judgment judgment NN 12162 448 14 in in IN 12162 448 15 criminal criminal JJ 12162 448 16 cases case NNS 12162 448 17 was be VBD 12162 448 18 given give VBN 12162 448 19 in in IN 12162 448 20 the the DT 12162 448 21 open open JJ 12162 448 22 court court NN 12162 448 23 or or CC 12162 448 24 _ _ NNP 12162 448 25 placitum placitum NN 12162 448 26 _ _ NNP 12162 448 27 , , , 12162 448 28 where where WRB 12162 448 29 , , , 12162 448 30 besides besides IN 12162 448 31 the the DT 12162 448 32 regular regular JJ 12162 448 33 judges judge NNS 12162 448 34 , , , 12162 448 35 all all DT 12162 448 36 or or CC 12162 448 37 any any DT 12162 448 38 of of IN 12162 448 39 the the DT 12162 448 40 freemen freeman NNS 12162 448 41 within within IN 12162 448 42 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 448 43 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 448 44 were be VBD 12162 448 45 supposed suppose VBN 12162 448 46 to to TO 12162 448 47 concur concur VB 12162 448 48 in in IN 12162 448 49 the the DT 12162 448 50 judgment judgment NN 12162 448 51 and and CC 12162 448 52 sentence sentence NN 12162 448 53 . . . 12162 449 1 How how WRB 12162 449 2 far far RB 12162 449 3 this this DT 12162 449 4 method method NN 12162 449 5 of of IN 12162 449 6 arriving arrive VBG 12162 449 7 at at IN 12162 449 8 judicial judicial JJ 12162 449 9 decisions decision NNS 12162 449 10 was be VBD 12162 449 11 carried carry VBN 12162 449 12 out out RP 12162 449 13 in in IN 12162 449 14 practice practice NN 12162 449 15 depended depend VBN 12162 449 16 largely largely RB 12162 449 17 on on IN 12162 449 18 custom custom NN 12162 449 19 and and CC 12162 449 20 other other JJ 12162 449 21 local local JJ 12162 449 22 influences influence NNS 12162 449 23 , , , 12162 449 24 and and CC 12162 449 25 consequently consequently RB 12162 449 26 varied varied JJ 12162 449 27 greatly greatly RB 12162 449 28 in in IN 12162 449 29 different different JJ 12162 449 30 countries country NNS 12162 449 31 and and CC 12162 449 32 with with IN 12162 449 33 different different JJ 12162 449 34 nations nation NNS 12162 449 35 . . . 12162 450 1 I -PRON- PRP 12162 450 2 do do VBP 12162 450 3 not not RB 12162 450 4 propose propose VB 12162 450 5 to to TO 12162 450 6 enter enter VB 12162 450 7 into into IN 12162 450 8 the the DT 12162 450 9 discussion[58 discussion[58 NN 12162 450 10 ] ] -RRB- 12162 450 11 of of IN 12162 450 12 the the DT 12162 450 13 existence existence NN 12162 450 14 of of IN 12162 450 15 these these DT 12162 450 16 " " `` 12162 450 17 judicators"[59 judicators"[59 NN 12162 450 18 ] ] -RRB- 12162 450 19 in in IN 12162 450 20 Lombardy Lombardy NNP 12162 450 21 in in IN 12162 450 22 the the DT 12162 450 23 eighth eighth JJ 12162 450 24 century century NN 12162 450 25 , , , 12162 450 26 but but CC 12162 450 27 will will MD 12162 450 28 only only RB 12162 450 29 say say VB 12162 450 30 that that IN 12162 450 31 it -PRON- PRP 12162 450 32 is be VBZ 12162 450 33 certain certain JJ 12162 450 34 that that IN 12162 450 35 before before IN 12162 450 36 the the DT 12162 450 37 Frankish frankish JJ 12162 450 38 conquest conquest NN 12162 450 39 there there EX 12162 450 40 did do VBD 12162 450 41 not not RB 12162 450 42 exist exist VB 12162 450 43 a a DT 12162 450 44 class class NN 12162 450 45 of of IN 12162 450 46 men man NNS 12162 450 47 whose whose WP$ 12162 450 48 business business NN 12162 450 49 it -PRON- PRP 12162 450 50 was be VBD 12162 450 51 to to TO 12162 450 52 assist assist VB 12162 450 53 the the DT 12162 450 54 judge judge NN 12162 450 55 in in IN 12162 450 56 disposing dispose VBG 12162 450 57 of of IN 12162 450 58 cases case NNS 12162 450 59 . . . 12162 451 1 If if IN 12162 451 2 through through IN 12162 451 3 ignorance ignorance NN 12162 451 4 of of IN 12162 451 5 the the DT 12162 451 6 law law NN 12162 451 7 or or CC 12162 451 8 for for IN 12162 451 9 other other JJ 12162 451 10 reasons reason NNS 12162 451 11 he -PRON- PRP 12162 451 12 was be VBD 12162 451 13 unable unable JJ 12162 451 14 to to TO 12162 451 15 come come VB 12162 451 16 to to IN 12162 451 17 a a DT 12162 451 18 decision decision NN 12162 451 19 , , , 12162 451 20 " " '' 12162 451 21 si si NN 12162 451 22 vero vero NNP 12162 451 23 talis talis NNP 12162 451 24 causa causa NNP 12162 451 25 fuit fuit NN 12162 451 26 , , , 12162 451 27 quod quod NN 12162 451 28 ipse ipse NNP 12162 451 29 ... ... : 12162 451 30 deliberare deliberare VB 12162 451 31 minime minime NN 12162 451 32 possit,"[60 possit,"[60 NNP 12162 451 33 ] ] -RRB- 12162 451 34 he -PRON- PRP 12162 451 35 could could MD 12162 451 36 call call VB 12162 451 37 some some DT 12162 451 38 of of IN 12162 451 39 the the DT 12162 451 40 freemen freeman NNS 12162 451 41 to to TO 12162 451 42 assist assist VB 12162 451 43 him -PRON- PRP 12162 451 44 : : : 12162 451 45 " " `` 12162 451 46 advocis advocis NNP 12162 451 47 [ [ -LRB- 12162 451 48 advocet advocet NN 12162 451 49 ] ] -RRB- 12162 451 50 alios alio NNS 12162 451 51 ... ... NFP 12162 451 52 qui qui NNP 12162 451 53 sciunt sciunt NN 12162 451 54 judicare,"[61 judicare,"[61 NNP 12162 451 55 ] ] -RRB- 12162 451 56 etc etc FW 12162 451 57 . . . 12162 451 58 , , , 12162 451 59 but but CC 12162 451 60 this this DT 12162 451 61 seems seem VBZ 12162 451 62 , , , 12162 451 63 in in IN 12162 451 64 later later JJ 12162 451 65 times time NNS 12162 451 66 at at IN 12162 451 67 any any DT 12162 451 68 rate rate NN 12162 451 69 , , , 12162 451 70 to to TO 12162 451 71 have have VB 12162 451 72 been be VBN 12162 451 73 a a DT 12162 451 74 privilege privilege NN 12162 451 75 to to TO 12162 451 76 be be VB 12162 451 77 used use VBN 12162 451 78 at at IN 12162 451 79 discretion discretion NN 12162 451 80 , , , 12162 451 81 and and CC 12162 451 82 the the DT 12162 451 83 persons person NNS 12162 451 84 summoned summon VBN 12162 451 85 were be VBD 12162 451 86 not not RB 12162 451 87 regularly regularly RB 12162 451 88 appointed appoint VBN 12162 451 89 officers officer NNS 12162 451 90 of of IN 12162 451 91 the the DT 12162 451 92 court court NN 12162 451 93 . . . 12162 452 1 The the DT 12162 452 2 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 452 3 codes code NNS 12162 452 4 are be VBP 12162 452 5 silent silent JJ 12162 452 6 with with IN 12162 452 7 regard regard NN 12162 452 8 to to IN 12162 452 9 these these DT 12162 452 10 indicators indicator NNS 12162 452 11 ; ; : 12162 452 12 but but CC 12162 452 13 Savigny,[62 savigny,[62 LS 12162 452 14 ] ] -RRB- 12162 452 15 in in IN 12162 452 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 452 17 argument argument NN 12162 452 18 to to TO 12162 452 19 prove prove VB 12162 452 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 452 21 existence existence NN 12162 452 22 , , , 12162 452 23 claims claim VBZ 12162 452 24 that that DT 12162 452 25 mention mention NN 12162 452 26 is be VBZ 12162 452 27 made make VBN 12162 452 28 of of IN 12162 452 29 them -PRON- PRP 12162 452 30 in in IN 12162 452 31 two two CD 12162 452 32 decisions decision NNS 12162 452 33 of of IN 12162 452 34 Liutprand Liutprand NNP 12162 452 35 of of IN 12162 452 36 the the DT 12162 452 37 years year NNS 12162 452 38 715 715 CD 12162 452 39 and and CC 12162 452 40 716 716 CD 12162 452 41 , , , 12162 452 42 and and CC 12162 452 43 brings bring VBZ 12162 452 44 as as RB 12162 452 45 additional additional JJ 12162 452 46 evidence evidence NN 12162 452 47 a a DT 12162 452 48 _ _ NNP 12162 452 49 placitum placitum NN 12162 452 50 _ _ NNP 12162 452 51 of of IN 12162 452 52 751[63 751[63 CD 12162 452 53 ] ] -RRB- 12162 452 54 in in IN 12162 452 55 which which WDT 12162 452 56 Lupo Lupo NNP 12162 452 57 , , , 12162 452 58 duke duke NN 12162 452 59 of of IN 12162 452 60 Spoleto Spoleto NNP 12162 452 61 , , , 12162 452 62 gives give VBZ 12162 452 63 judgment judgment NN 12162 452 64 " " `` 12162 452 65 una una NNP 12162 452 66 cum cum NNP 12162 452 67 judicibus judicibus NNP 12162 452 68 nostris nostris NNP 12162 452 69 ... ... NFP 12162 452 70 vel vel NNP 12162 452 71 aliis aliis NNP 12162 452 72 pluribus pluribus NNP 12162 452 73 astantibus astantibus NNP 12162 452 74 , , , 12162 452 75 " " `` 12162 452 76 etc etc FW 12162 452 77 . . . 12162 453 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 453 2 is be VBZ 12162 453 3 of of IN 12162 453 4 more more JJR 12162 453 5 importance importance NN 12162 453 6 for for IN 12162 453 7 us -PRON- PRP 12162 453 8 , , , 12162 453 9 however however RB 12162 453 10 , , , 12162 453 11 to to TO 12162 453 12 determine determine VB 12162 453 13 the the DT 12162 453 14 reasons reason NNS 12162 453 15 for for IN 12162 453 16 the the DT 12162 453 17 introduction introduction NN 12162 453 18 into into IN 12162 453 19 Italy Italy NNP 12162 453 20 by by IN 12162 453 21 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 12162 453 22 of of IN 12162 453 23 the the DT 12162 453 24 new new JJ 12162 453 25 office office NN 12162 453 26 of of IN 12162 453 27 the the DT 12162 453 28 _ _ NNP 12162 453 29 scabinus scabinus NN 12162 453 30 _ _ NNP 12162 453 31 , , , 12162 453 32 than than IN 12162 453 33 to to TO 12162 453 34 lose lose VB 12162 453 35 ourselves -PRON- PRP 12162 453 36 in in IN 12162 453 37 a a DT 12162 453 38 complicated complicated JJ 12162 453 39 discussion discussion NN 12162 453 40 of of IN 12162 453 41 the the DT 12162 453 42 theoretical theoretical JJ 12162 453 43 predecessors predecessor NNS 12162 453 44 of of IN 12162 453 45 these these DT 12162 453 46 officers officer NNS 12162 453 47 . . . 12162 454 1 The the DT 12162 454 2 introduction introduction NN 12162 454 3 of of IN 12162 454 4 this this DT 12162 454 5 new new JJ 12162 454 6 feature feature NN 12162 454 7 into into IN 12162 454 8 city city NN 12162 454 9 government government NN 12162 454 10 seems seem VBZ 12162 454 11 to to TO 12162 454 12 have have VB 12162 454 13 been be VBN 12162 454 14 the the DT 12162 454 15 result result NN 12162 454 16 of of IN 12162 454 17 an an DT 12162 454 18 attempt attempt NN 12162 454 19 to to TO 12162 454 20 correct correct VB 12162 454 21 certain certain JJ 12162 454 22 abuses abuse NNS 12162 454 23 in in IN 12162 454 24 the the DT 12162 454 25 exercise exercise NN 12162 454 26 of of IN 12162 454 27 power power NN 12162 454 28 by by IN 12162 454 29 the the DT 12162 454 30 duke duke NN 12162 454 31 or or CC 12162 454 32 head head NN 12162 454 33 of of IN 12162 454 34 the the DT 12162 454 35 courts court NNS 12162 454 36 of of IN 12162 454 37 the the DT 12162 454 38 _ _ NNP 12162 454 39 civitas civita NNS 12162 454 40 _ _ NNP 12162 454 41 . . . 12162 455 1 The the DT 12162 455 2 duke duke NN 12162 455 3 had have VBD 12162 455 4 the the DT 12162 455 5 right right NN 12162 455 6 , , , 12162 455 7 as as IN 12162 455 8 we -PRON- PRP 12162 455 9 know know VBP 12162 455 10 , , , 12162 455 11 to to TO 12162 455 12 summon summon VB 12162 455 13 all all PDT 12162 455 14 the the DT 12162 455 15 freemen freeman NNS 12162 455 16 in in IN 12162 455 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 455 18 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 455 19 to to IN 12162 455 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 455 21 _ _ NNP 12162 455 22 placita placita NN 12162 455 23 _ _ NNP 12162 455 24 , , , 12162 455 25 and and CC 12162 455 26 to to TO 12162 455 27 fine fine VB 12162 455 28 them -PRON- PRP 12162 455 29 according accord VBG 12162 455 30 to to IN 12162 455 31 the the DT 12162 455 32 law law NN 12162 455 33 if if IN 12162 455 34 they -PRON- PRP 12162 455 35 failed fail VBD 12162 455 36 to to TO 12162 455 37 answer answer VB 12162 455 38 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 455 39 summons summon NNS 12162 455 40 . . . 12162 456 1 The the DT 12162 456 2 fines fine NNS 12162 456 3 collected collect VBN 12162 456 4 in in IN 12162 456 5 this this DT 12162 456 6 manner manner NN 12162 456 7 formed form VBD 12162 456 8 a a DT 12162 456 9 substantial substantial JJ 12162 456 10 part part NN 12162 456 11 of of IN 12162 456 12 the the DT 12162 456 13 revenues revenue NNS 12162 456 14 of of IN 12162 456 15 the the DT 12162 456 16 _ _ NNP 12162 456 17 judex judex NN 12162 456 18 _ _ NNP 12162 456 19 imposing impose VBG 12162 456 20 them -PRON- PRP 12162 456 21 , , , 12162 456 22 and and CC 12162 456 23 consequently consequently RB 12162 456 24 arose arise VBD 12162 456 25 the the DT 12162 456 26 abuse abuse NN 12162 456 27 , , , 12162 456 28 which which WDT 12162 456 29 seems seem VBZ 12162 456 30 to to TO 12162 456 31 have have VB 12162 456 32 been be VBN 12162 456 33 a a DT 12162 456 34 great great JJ 12162 456 35 cause cause NN 12162 456 36 of of IN 12162 456 37 complaint complaint NN 12162 456 38 in in IN 12162 456 39 the the DT 12162 456 40 eighth eighth JJ 12162 456 41 century century NN 12162 456 42 , , , 12162 456 43 that that IN 12162 456 44 the the DT 12162 456 45 freemen freeman NNS 12162 456 46 were be VBD 12162 456 47 summoned summon VBN 12162 456 48 to to TO 12162 456 49 attend attend VB 12162 456 50 _ _ NNP 12162 456 51 placita placita NN 12162 456 52 _ _ NNP 12162 456 53 at at IN 12162 456 54 frequent frequent JJ 12162 456 55 intervals interval NNS 12162 456 56 during during IN 12162 456 57 the the DT 12162 456 58 year year NN 12162 456 59 , , , 12162 456 60 when when WRB 12162 456 61 there there EX 12162 456 62 was be VBD 12162 456 63 no no DT 12162 456 64 business business NN 12162 456 65 of of IN 12162 456 66 any any DT 12162 456 67 importance importance NN 12162 456 68 to to TO 12162 456 69 transact transact NN 12162 456 70 , , , 12162 456 71 and and CC 12162 456 72 when when WRB 12162 456 73 the the DT 12162 456 74 sole sole JJ 12162 456 75 object object NN 12162 456 76 of of IN 12162 456 77 the the DT 12162 456 78 summons summon NNS 12162 456 79 was be VBD 12162 456 80 to to TO 12162 456 81 furnish furnish VB 12162 456 82 an an DT 12162 456 83 excuse excuse NN 12162 456 84 for for IN 12162 456 85 imposing impose VBG 12162 456 86 the the DT 12162 456 87 fine fine NN 12162 456 88 . . . 12162 457 1 An an DT 12162 457 2 attempt attempt NN 12162 457 3 to to TO 12162 457 4 remedy remedy VB 12162 457 5 this this DT 12162 457 6 injustice injustice NN 12162 457 7 was be VBD 12162 457 8 made make VBN 12162 457 9 when when WRB 12162 457 10 the the DT 12162 457 11 number number NN 12162 457 12 of of IN 12162 457 13 _ _ NNP 12162 457 14 placita placita NNP 12162 457 15 _ _ NNP 12162 457 16 which which WDT 12162 457 17 any any DT 12162 457 18 one one CD 12162 457 19 _ _ NNP 12162 457 20 judex judex NN 12162 457 21 _ _ NNP 12162 457 22 could could MD 12162 457 23 hold hold VB 12162 457 24 during during IN 12162 457 25 the the DT 12162 457 26 year year NN 12162 457 27 was be VBD 12162 457 28 limited limit VBN 12162 457 29 by by IN 12162 457 30 law law NN 12162 457 31 to to IN 12162 457 32 three,[64 three,[64 CD 12162 457 33 ] ] -RRB- 12162 457 34 and and CC 12162 457 35 the the DT 12162 457 36 dates date NNS 12162 457 37 for for IN 12162 457 38 these these DT 12162 457 39 definitely definitely RB 12162 457 40 determined determined JJ 12162 457 41 . . . 12162 458 1 But but CC 12162 458 2 the the DT 12162 458 3 abuse abuse NN 12162 458 4 does do VBZ 12162 458 5 not not RB 12162 458 6 seem seem VB 12162 458 7 to to TO 12162 458 8 have have VB 12162 458 9 been be VBN 12162 458 10 satisfactorily satisfactorily RB 12162 458 11 corrected correct VBN 12162 458 12 till till IN 12162 458 13 the the DT 12162 458 14 time time NN 12162 458 15 when when WRB 12162 458 16 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 12162 458 17 formally formally RB 12162 458 18 substituted substitute VBD 12162 458 19 for for IN 12162 458 20 the the DT 12162 458 21 body body NN 12162 458 22 of of IN 12162 458 23 the the DT 12162 458 24 freemen freeman NNS 12162 458 25 , , , 12162 458 26 who who WP 12162 458 27 in in IN 12162 458 28 theory theory NN 12162 458 29 were be VBD 12162 458 30 supposed suppose VBN 12162 458 31 to to TO 12162 458 32 attend attend VB 12162 458 33 the the DT 12162 458 34 _ _ NNP 12162 458 35 placita placita NN 12162 458 36 _ _ NNP 12162 458 37 and and CC 12162 458 38 assist assist VB 12162 458 39 in in IN 12162 458 40 the the DT 12162 458 41 judgments judgment NNS 12162 458 42 , , , 12162 458 43 a a DT 12162 458 44 limited limited JJ 12162 458 45 number number NN 12162 458 46 of of IN 12162 458 47 men man NNS 12162 458 48 who who WP 12162 458 49 , , , 12162 458 50 as as RB 12162 458 51 regularly regularly RB 12162 458 52 constituted constitute VBN 12162 458 53 judges judge NNS 12162 458 54 , , , 12162 458 55 either either CC 12162 458 56 assisted assist VBD 12162 458 57 the the DT 12162 458 58 _ _ NNP 12162 458 59 judices judices NNPS 12162 458 60 _ _ NNP 12162 458 61 or or CC 12162 458 62 made make VBD 12162 458 63 judgments judgment NNS 12162 458 64 of of IN 12162 458 65 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 458 66 own own JJ 12162 458 67 , , , 12162 458 68 as as IN 12162 458 69 the the DT 12162 458 70 case case NN 12162 458 71 might may MD 12162 458 72 be be VB 12162 458 73 . . . 12162 459 1 These these DT 12162 459 2 officers officer NNS 12162 459 3 were be VBD 12162 459 4 the the DT 12162 459 5 _ _ NNP 12162 459 6 scabini scabini NN 12162 459 7 _ _ NNP 12162 459 8 , , , 12162 459 9 whose whose WP$ 12162 459 10 position position NN 12162 459 11 we -PRON- PRP 12162 459 12 are be VBP 12162 459 13 now now RB 12162 459 14 investigating investigate VBG 12162 459 15 . . . 12162 460 1 All all DT 12162 460 2 of of IN 12162 460 3 the the DT 12162 460 4 best good JJS 12162 460 5 authorities authority NNS 12162 460 6 agree agree VBP 12162 460 7 that that IN 12162 460 8 no no DT 12162 460 9 authentic authentic JJ 12162 460 10 allusion allusion NN 12162 460 11 to to IN 12162 460 12 the the DT 12162 460 13 office office NN 12162 460 14 in in IN 12162 460 15 Italy Italy NNP 12162 460 16 is be VBZ 12162 460 17 to to TO 12162 460 18 be be VB 12162 460 19 found find VBN 12162 460 20 prior prior RB 12162 460 21 to to IN 12162 460 22 the the DT 12162 460 23 establishment establishment NN 12162 460 24 of of IN 12162 460 25 Frankish frankish JJ 12162 460 26 rule rule NN 12162 460 27 . . . 12162 461 1 The the DT 12162 461 2 word word NN 12162 461 3 _ _ NNP 12162 461 4 scavinus scavinus NN 12162 461 5 _ _ NNP 12162 461 6 or or CC 12162 461 7 _ _ NNP 12162 461 8 scabinus scabinus NN 12162 461 9 _ _ NNP 12162 461 10 sometimes sometimes RB 12162 461 11 occurs occur VBZ 12162 461 12 , , , 12162 461 13 but but CC 12162 461 14 in in IN 12162 461 15 every every DT 12162 461 16 case case NN 12162 461 17 the the DT 12162 461 18 document document NN 12162 461 19 containing contain VBG 12162 461 20 it -PRON- PRP 12162 461 21 has have VBZ 12162 461 22 been be VBN 12162 461 23 proved prove VBN 12162 461 24 spurious spurious JJ 12162 461 25 on on IN 12162 461 26 other other JJ 12162 461 27 grounds ground NNS 12162 461 28 . . . 12162 462 1 For for IN 12162 462 2 instance instance NN 12162 462 3 , , , 12162 462 4 Brunetti[65 brunetti[65 ADD 12162 462 5 ] ] -RRB- 12162 462 6 publishes publish VBZ 12162 462 7 a a DT 12162 462 8 donation donation NN 12162 462 9 of of IN 12162 462 10 the the DT 12162 462 11 bishop bishop NN 12162 462 12 Speciosus Speciosus NNP 12162 462 13 of of IN 12162 462 14 Florence Florence NNP 12162 462 15 , , , 12162 462 16 to to IN 12162 462 17 the the DT 12162 462 18 monastery monastery NN 12162 462 19 of of IN 12162 462 20 the the DT 12162 462 21 cathedral cathedral NN 12162 462 22 , , , 12162 462 23 purporting purport VBG 12162 462 24 to to TO 12162 462 25 belong belong VB 12162 462 26 to to IN 12162 462 27 the the DT 12162 462 28 year year NN 12162 462 29 724 724 CD 12162 462 30 , , , 12162 462 31 in in IN 12162 462 32 which which WDT 12162 462 33 a a DT 12162 462 34 certain certain JJ 12162 462 35 " " `` 12162 462 36 Alfuso Alfuso NNP 12162 462 37 scavino scavino NN 12162 462 38 " " '' 12162 462 39 is be VBZ 12162 462 40 mentioned mention VBN 12162 462 41 ; ; : 12162 462 42 but but CC 12162 462 43 it -PRON- PRP 12162 462 44 has have VBZ 12162 462 45 been be VBN 12162 462 46 proved prove VBN 12162 462 47 that that IN 12162 462 48 the the DT 12162 462 49 monastery monastery NN 12162 462 50 was be VBD 12162 462 51 only only RB 12162 462 52 founded found VBN 12162 462 53 in in IN 12162 462 54 the the DT 12162 462 55 year year NN 12162 462 56 760 760 CD 12162 462 57 , , , 12162 462 58 and and CC 12162 462 59 though though IN 12162 462 60 it -PRON- PRP 12162 462 61 may may MD 12162 462 62 , , , 12162 462 63 at at IN 12162 462 64 a a DT 12162 462 65 later later JJ 12162 462 66 date date NN 12162 462 67 , , , 12162 462 68 have have VBP 12162 462 69 received receive VBN 12162 462 70 the the DT 12162 462 71 donation donation NN 12162 462 72 , , , 12162 462 73 the the DT 12162 462 74 significancy significancy NN 12162 462 75 of of IN 12162 462 76 the the DT 12162 462 77 use use NN 12162 462 78 of of IN 12162 462 79 the the DT 12162 462 80 term term NN 12162 462 81 vanishes vanishe NNS 12162 462 82 . . . 12162 463 1 The the DT 12162 463 2 first first JJ 12162 463 3 authenticated authenticate VBN 12162 463 4 use use NN 12162 463 5 of of IN 12162 463 6 the the DT 12162 463 7 name name NN 12162 463 8 of of IN 12162 463 9 the the DT 12162 463 10 new new JJ 12162 463 11 judge judge NN 12162 463 12 seems seem VBZ 12162 463 13 to to TO 12162 463 14 be be VB 12162 463 15 in in IN 12162 463 16 a a DT 12162 463 17 _ _ NNP 12162 463 18 placitum placitum NN 12162 463 19 _ _ NNP 12162 463 20 of of IN 12162 463 21 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 12162 463 22 of of IN 12162 463 23 the the DT 12162 463 24 year year NN 12162 463 25 781 781 CD 12162 463 26 . . . 12162 464 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 464 2 66 66 CD 12162 464 3 ] ] -RRB- 12162 464 4 In in IN 12162 464 5 this this DT 12162 464 6 the the DT 12162 464 7 parties party NNS 12162 464 8 to to IN 12162 464 9 a a DT 12162 464 10 suit suit NN 12162 464 11 are be VBP 12162 464 12 mentioned mention VBN 12162 464 13 as as IN 12162 464 14 having have VBG 12162 464 15 already already RB 12162 464 16 appeared appear VBN 12162 464 17 before before IN 12162 464 18 the the DT 12162 464 19 " " `` 12162 464 20 Comitem Comitem NNP 12162 464 21 et et NN 12162 464 22 suos suos NN 12162 464 23 Escapinios Escapinios NNP 12162 464 24 . . . 12162 464 25 " " '' 12162 465 1 Eight eight CD 12162 465 2 years year NNS 12162 465 3 later later RB 12162 465 4 , , , 12162 465 5 in in IN 12162 465 6 a a DT 12162 465 7 _ _ NNP 12162 465 8 Praeceptum Praeceptum NNP 12162 465 9 _ _ NNP 12162 465 10 of of IN 12162 465 11 Charlemagne,[67 Charlemagne,[67 NNP 12162 465 12 ] ] -RRB- 12162 465 13 commission commission NN 12162 465 14 is be VBZ 12162 465 15 given give VBN 12162 465 16 to to IN 12162 465 17 the the DT 12162 465 18 _ _ NNP 12162 465 19 comes come VBZ 12162 465 20 _ _ NNP 12162 465 21 Tentmann Tentmann NNP 12162 465 22 " " `` 12162 465 23 superque superque JJ 12162 465 24 vicarios vicario NNS 12162 465 25 et et FW 12162 465 26 Scabinos Scabinos NNP 12162 465 27 , , , 12162 465 28 quos quos NN 12162 465 29 sub sub NNP 12162 465 30 se se NNP 12162 465 31 habet habet NNP 12162 465 32 , , , 12162 465 33 diligenter diligenter NNP 12162 465 34 inquirat inquirat NNP 12162 465 35 . . . 12162 465 36 " " '' 12162 466 1 Now now RB 12162 466 2 that that IN 12162 466 3 we -PRON- PRP 12162 466 4 have have VBP 12162 466 5 indicated indicate VBN 12162 466 6 the the DT 12162 466 7 origin origin NN 12162 466 8 and and CC 12162 466 9 noted note VBD 12162 466 10 the the DT 12162 466 11 first first JJ 12162 466 12 appearance appearance NN 12162 466 13 of of IN 12162 466 14 the the DT 12162 466 15 new new JJ 12162 466 16 officer officer NN 12162 466 17 , , , 12162 466 18 let let VB 12162 466 19 us -PRON- PRP 12162 466 20 examine examine VB 12162 466 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 466 22 position position NN 12162 466 23 and and CC 12162 466 24 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 466 25 duties duty NNS 12162 466 26 . . . 12162 467 1 I -PRON- PRP 12162 467 2 am be VBP 12162 467 3 much much RB 12162 467 4 more more RBR 12162 467 5 willing willing JJ 12162 467 6 to to TO 12162 467 7 allow allow VB 12162 467 8 to to IN 12162 467 9 the the DT 12162 467 10 _ _ NNP 12162 467 11 scabinus scabinus NN 12162 467 12 _ _ NNP 12162 467 13 the the DT 12162 467 14 title title NN 12162 467 15 of of IN 12162 467 16 " " `` 12162 467 17 city city NN 12162 467 18 officer officer NN 12162 467 19 , , , 12162 467 20 " " '' 12162 467 21 than than IN 12162 467 22 to to IN 12162 467 23 the the DT 12162 467 24 _ _ NNP 12162 467 25 dux dux NN 12162 467 26 _ _ NNP 12162 467 27 or or CC 12162 467 28 even even RB 12162 467 29 the the DT 12162 467 30 count count NN 12162 467 31 . . . 12162 468 1 We -PRON- PRP 12162 468 2 have have VBP 12162 468 3 seen see VBN 12162 468 4 the the DT 12162 468 5 latter latter JJ 12162 468 6 as as IN 12162 468 7 one one CD 12162 468 8 of of IN 12162 468 9 the the DT 12162 468 10 important important JJ 12162 468 11 connecting connect VBG 12162 468 12 links link NNS 12162 468 13 joining join VBG 12162 468 14 the the DT 12162 468 15 city city NN 12162 468 16 to to IN 12162 468 17 the the DT 12162 468 18 state state NN 12162 468 19 , , , 12162 468 20 bringing bring VBG 12162 468 21 the the DT 12162 468 22 city city NN 12162 468 23 into into IN 12162 468 24 relationship relationship NN 12162 468 25 with with IN 12162 468 26 the the DT 12162 468 27 constitution constitution NN 12162 468 28 of of IN 12162 468 29 the the DT 12162 468 30 kingdom kingdom NN 12162 468 31 and and CC 12162 468 32 making make VBG 12162 468 33 it -PRON- PRP 12162 468 34 a a DT 12162 468 35 part part NN 12162 468 36 of of IN 12162 468 37 it -PRON- PRP 12162 468 38 ; ; : 12162 468 39 but but CC 12162 468 40 we -PRON- PRP 12162 468 41 have have VBP 12162 468 42 been be VBN 12162 468 43 unwilling unwilling JJ 12162 468 44 to to TO 12162 468 45 call call VB 12162 468 46 the the DT 12162 468 47 count count NN 12162 468 48 or or CC 12162 468 49 _ _ NNP 12162 468 50 dux dux NN 12162 468 51 _ _ NNP 12162 468 52 the the DT 12162 468 53 _ _ NNP 12162 468 54 legal legal JJ 12162 468 55 _ _ NNP 12162 468 56 head head NN 12162 468 57 of of IN 12162 468 58 the the DT 12162 468 59 city city NN 12162 468 60 , , , 12162 468 61 as as IN 12162 468 62 such such JJ 12162 468 63 , , , 12162 468 64 that that DT 12162 468 65 is be VBZ 12162 468 66 to to TO 12162 468 67 allow allow VB 12162 468 68 him -PRON- PRP 12162 468 69 the the DT 12162 468 70 title title NN 12162 468 71 of of IN 12162 468 72 the the DT 12162 468 73 first first JJ 12162 468 74 city city NN 12162 468 75 officer officer NN 12162 468 76 . . . 12162 469 1 But but CC 12162 469 2 with with IN 12162 469 3 the the DT 12162 469 4 _ _ NNP 12162 469 5 scabinus scabinus NN 12162 469 6 _ _ NNP 12162 469 7 the the DT 12162 469 8 case case NN 12162 469 9 is be VBZ 12162 469 10 different different JJ 12162 469 11 . . . 12162 470 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 12162 470 2 mode mode NN 12162 470 3 of of IN 12162 470 4 appointment appointment NN 12162 470 5 , , , 12162 470 6 and and CC 12162 470 7 the the DT 12162 470 8 character character NN 12162 470 9 of of IN 12162 470 10 the the DT 12162 470 11 functions function NNS 12162 470 12 he -PRON- PRP 12162 470 13 performed perform VBD 12162 470 14 , , , 12162 470 15 ally ally VB 12162 470 16 him -PRON- PRP 12162 470 17 with with IN 12162 470 18 the the DT 12162 470 19 city city NN 12162 470 20 proper proper JJ 12162 470 21 and and CC 12162 470 22 with with IN 12162 470 23 city city NN 12162 470 24 people people NNS 12162 470 25 . . . 12162 471 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 12162 471 2 duties duty NNS 12162 471 3 and and CC 12162 471 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 471 5 interests interest NNS 12162 471 6 were be VBD 12162 471 7 more more RBR 12162 471 8 confined confined JJ 12162 471 9 to to IN 12162 471 10 the the DT 12162 471 11 city city NN 12162 471 12 than than IN 12162 471 13 those those DT 12162 471 14 of of IN 12162 471 15 any any DT 12162 471 16 of of IN 12162 471 17 the the DT 12162 471 18 other other JJ 12162 471 19 judges judge NNS 12162 471 20 , , , 12162 471 21 and and CC 12162 471 22 when when WRB 12162 471 23 he -PRON- PRP 12162 471 24 accompanies accompany VBZ 12162 471 25 the the DT 12162 471 26 count count NN 12162 471 27 to to IN 12162 471 28 the the DT 12162 471 29 general general JJ 12162 471 30 _ _ NNP 12162 471 31 placita placita NNP 12162 471 32 _ _ NNP 12162 471 33 of of IN 12162 471 34 the the DT 12162 471 35 king king NN 12162 471 36 , , , 12162 471 37 he -PRON- PRP 12162 471 38 seems seem VBZ 12162 471 39 to to TO 12162 471 40 go go VB 12162 471 41 in in IN 12162 471 42 the the DT 12162 471 43 capacity capacity NN 12162 471 44 of of IN 12162 471 45 a a DT 12162 471 46 representative representative NN 12162 471 47 of of IN 12162 471 48 the the DT 12162 471 49 city city NN 12162 471 50 , , , 12162 471 51 and and CC 12162 471 52 more more JJR 12162 471 53 in in IN 12162 471 54 the the DT 12162 471 55 character character NN 12162 471 56 of of IN 12162 471 57 a a DT 12162 471 58 city city NN 12162 471 59 magistrate magistrate NN 12162 471 60 than than IN 12162 471 61 any any DT 12162 471 62 officer officer NN 12162 471 63 we -PRON- PRP 12162 471 64 have have VBP 12162 471 65 yet yet RB 12162 471 66 considered consider VBN 12162 471 67 . . . 12162 472 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 12162 472 2 duties duty NNS 12162 472 3 were be VBD 12162 472 4 almost almost RB 12162 472 5 entirely entirely RB 12162 472 6 of of IN 12162 472 7 a a DT 12162 472 8 judicial judicial JJ 12162 472 9 character character NN 12162 472 10 , , , 12162 472 11 and and CC 12162 472 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 472 13 powers power NNS 12162 472 14 seem seem VBP 12162 472 15 to to TO 12162 472 16 have have VB 12162 472 17 been be VBN 12162 472 18 as as RB 12162 472 19 broad broad JJ 12162 472 20 in in IN 12162 472 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 472 22 extent extent NN 12162 472 23 as as IN 12162 472 24 those those DT 12162 472 25 of of IN 12162 472 26 the the DT 12162 472 27 other other JJ 12162 472 28 judges judge NNS 12162 472 29 . . . 12162 473 1 That that IN 12162 473 2 he -PRON- PRP 12162 473 3 had have VBD 12162 473 4 the the DT 12162 473 5 power power NN 12162 473 6 of of IN 12162 473 7 imposing impose VBG 12162 473 8 capital capital NN 12162 473 9 punishment punishment NN 12162 473 10 , , , 12162 473 11 and and CC 12162 473 12 that that IN 12162 473 13 the the DT 12162 473 14 other other JJ 12162 473 15 officers officer NNS 12162 473 16 of of IN 12162 473 17 the the DT 12162 473 18 law law NN 12162 473 19 could could MD 12162 473 20 not not RB 12162 473 21 change change VB 12162 473 22 but but CC 12162 473 23 only only RB 12162 473 24 execute execute VB 12162 473 25 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 473 26 orders order NNS 12162 473 27 , , , 12162 473 28 appears appear VBZ 12162 473 29 from from IN 12162 473 30 the the DT 12162 473 31 following follow VBG 12162 473 32 passage:[68 passage:[68 NNP 12162 473 33 ] ] -RRB- 12162 473 34 " " `` 12162 473 35 postquam postquam NNP 12162 473 36 Scabini Scabini NNP 12162 473 37 eum eum VBP 12162 473 38 [ [ -LRB- 12162 473 39 latronem latronem NNP 12162 473 40 ] ] -RRB- 12162 473 41 adjudicaverint adjudicaverint NNP 12162 473 42 , , , 12162 473 43 non non NNP 12162 473 44 est est NNP 12162 473 45 licentia licentia NN 12162 473 46 vel vel NNP 12162 473 47 Vicarii Vicarii NNP 12162 473 48 ei ei NNP 12162 473 49 vitam vitam NNP 12162 473 50 concedere concedere NNP 12162 473 51 . . . 12162 473 52 " " '' 12162 474 1 Muratori[69 Muratori[69 NNP 12162 474 2 ] ] -RRB- 12162 474 3 maintains maintain VBZ 12162 474 4 that that IN 12162 474 5 he -PRON- PRP 12162 474 6 also also RB 12162 474 7 had have VBD 12162 474 8 the the DT 12162 474 9 right right NN 12162 474 10 of of IN 12162 474 11 holding hold VBG 12162 474 12 certain certain JJ 12162 474 13 _ _ NNP 12162 474 14 placita placita NN 12162 474 15 _ _ NNP 12162 474 16 of of IN 12162 474 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 474 18 own own JJ 12162 474 19 , , , 12162 474 20 and and CC 12162 474 21 cites cite VBZ 12162 474 22 in in IN 12162 474 23 proof proof NN 12162 474 24 two two CD 12162 474 25 _ _ NNP 12162 474 26 placita placita NN 12162 474 27 _ _ NNP 12162 474 28 of of IN 12162 474 29 Lucca Lucca NNP 12162 474 30 of of IN 12162 474 31 the the DT 12162 474 32 years year NNS 12162 474 33 847 847 CD 12162 474 34 and and CC 12162 474 35 856 856 CD 12162 474 36 , , , 12162 474 37 where where WRB 12162 474 38 we -PRON- PRP 12162 474 39 find find VBP 12162 474 40 : : : 12162 474 41 " " `` 12162 474 42 Dum dum NN 12162 474 43 nos nos RB 12162 474 44 in in IN 12162 474 45 Dei Dei NNP 12162 474 46 nomine nomine NN 12162 474 47 Ardo Ardo NNP 12162 474 48 , , , 12162 474 49 Adelperto Adelperto NNP 12162 474 50 et et FW 12162 474 51 Gherimundo Gherimundo NNP 12162 474 52 Scabini Scabini NNP 12162 474 53 adsedentes adsedente NNS 12162 474 54 in in IN 12162 474 55 lucho lucho NNP 12162 474 56 Civitate Civitate NNP 12162 474 57 Lucana Lucana NNP 12162 474 58 , , , 12162 474 59 " " '' 12162 474 60 etc etc FW 12162 474 61 . . . 12162 475 1 ; ; : 12162 475 2 and and CC 12162 475 3 " " `` 12162 475 4 dum dum NN 12162 475 5 resedisset resedisset NN 12162 475 6 Gisulfus Gisulfus NNP 12162 475 7 Scabinus Scabinus NNP 12162 475 8 de de IN 12162 475 9 Vico Vico NNP 12162 475 10 Laceses Laceses NNP 12162 475 11 , , , 12162 475 12 per per IN 12162 475 13 jussionem jussionem NN 12162 475 14 Bernardi Bernardi NNP 12162 475 15 Comiti Comiti NNP 12162 475 16 ... ... : 12162 475 17 ubi ubi NNP 12162 475 18 cum cum NNP 12162 475 19 ipso ipso NNP 12162 475 20 aderat aderat NNP 12162 475 21 Ausprand Ausprand NNP 12162 475 22 et et NNP 12162 475 23 Audibert Audibert NNP 12162 475 24 Scavinis Scavinis NNP 12162 475 25 . . . 12162 475 26 " " '' 12162 476 1 In in IN 12162 476 2 the the DT 12162 476 3 first first JJ 12162 476 4 of of IN 12162 476 5 these these DT 12162 476 6 there there EX 12162 476 7 is be VBZ 12162 476 8 no no DT 12162 476 9 mention mention NN 12162 476 10 whatever whatever WDT 12162 476 11 of of IN 12162 476 12 the the DT 12162 476 13 count count NN 12162 476 14 , , , 12162 476 15 and and CC 12162 476 16 in in IN 12162 476 17 the the DT 12162 476 18 second second JJ 12162 476 19 " " `` 12162 476 20 Gisulfus gisulfu NNS 12162 476 21 Scabinus scabinus NN 12162 476 22 " " '' 12162 476 23 acts act VBZ 12162 476 24 with with IN 12162 476 25 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 476 26 associate associate NN 12162 476 27 _ _ NNP 12162 476 28 scabini scabini NN 12162 476 29 _ _ NNP 12162 476 30 " " `` 12162 476 31 per per IN 12162 476 32 jussionem jussionem NN 12162 476 33 Comiti Comiti NNP 12162 476 34 . . . 12162 476 35 " " '' 12162 477 1 But but CC 12162 477 2 even even RB 12162 477 3 if if IN 12162 477 4 we -PRON- PRP 12162 477 5 allow allow VBP 12162 477 6 to to IN 12162 477 7 the the DT 12162 477 8 _ _ NNP 12162 477 9 scabini scabini NN 12162 477 10 _ _ IN 12162 477 11 the the DT 12162 477 12 right right NN 12162 477 13 of of IN 12162 477 14 holding hold VBG 12162 477 15 _ _ NNP 12162 477 16 placita placita NN 12162 477 17 _ _ NNP 12162 477 18 , , , 12162 477 19 these these DT 12162 477 20 must must MD 12162 477 21 have have VB 12162 477 22 been be VBN 12162 477 23 of of IN 12162 477 24 a a DT 12162 477 25 lower low JJR 12162 477 26 grade grade NN 12162 477 27 than than IN 12162 477 28 those those DT 12162 477 29 of of IN 12162 477 30 the the DT 12162 477 31 counts count NNS 12162 477 32 or or CC 12162 477 33 of of IN 12162 477 34 the the DT 12162 477 35 _ _ NNP 12162 477 36 missi missi NN 12162 477 37 regii regii NNP 12162 477 38 _ _ NNP 12162 477 39 ; ; : 12162 477 40 for for IN 12162 477 41 to to IN 12162 477 42 the the DT 12162 477 43 _ _ NNP 12162 477 44 mallum mallum NN 12162 477 45 _ _ NNP 12162 477 46 of of IN 12162 477 47 the the DT 12162 477 48 latter latter JJ 12162 477 49 an an DT 12162 477 50 appeal appeal NN 12162 477 51 was be VBD 12162 477 52 allowed allow VBN 12162 477 53 from from IN 12162 477 54 the the DT 12162 477 55 judgment judgment NN 12162 477 56 of of IN 12162 477 57 the the DT 12162 477 58 _ _ NNP 12162 477 59 scabini scabini NN 12162 477 60 _ _ NNP 12162 477 61 , , , 12162 477 62 as as IN 12162 477 63 we -PRON- PRP 12162 477 64 see see VBP 12162 477 65 from from IN 12162 477 66 the the DT 12162 477 67 law law NN 12162 477 68 of of IN 12162 477 69 Charlemagne,[70 Charlemagne,[70 NNP 12162 477 70 ] ] -RRB- 12162 477 71 which which WDT 12162 477 72 says say VBZ 12162 477 73 that that DT 12162 477 74 : : : 12162 477 75 " " `` 12162 477 76 Si Si NNP 12162 477 77 quis quis NNP 12162 477 78 caussam caussam NNP 12162 477 79 judicatam judicatam NNP 12162 477 80 repetere repetere VBP 12162 477 81 in in IN 12162 477 82 mallo mallo NNP 12162 477 83 praesumserit praesumserit NNP 12162 477 84 ... ... : 12162 477 85 a a DT 12162 477 86 Scabinis Scabinis NNP 12162 477 87 , , , 12162 477 88 qui qui NNP 12162 477 89 caussam caussam NNP 12162 477 90 ipsam ipsam NNP 12162 477 91 prius prius NNP 12162 477 92 judicaverint judicaverint NNP 12162 477 93 , , , 12162 477 94 accipiat accipiat NNP 12162 477 95 . . . 12162 477 96 " " '' 12162 478 1 Generally generally RB 12162 478 2 speaking speak VBG 12162 478 3 , , , 12162 478 4 however however RB 12162 478 5 , , , 12162 478 6 it -PRON- PRP 12162 478 7 seems seem VBZ 12162 478 8 probable probable JJ 12162 478 9 that that IN 12162 478 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 478 11 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 478 12 included include VBD 12162 478 13 all all DT 12162 478 14 cases case NNS 12162 478 15 arising arise VBG 12162 478 16 within within IN 12162 478 17 the the DT 12162 478 18 city city NN 12162 478 19 limits limit NNS 12162 478 20 , , , 12162 478 21 which which WDT 12162 478 22 could could MD 12162 478 23 be be VB 12162 478 24 dealt deal VBN 12162 478 25 with with IN 12162 478 26 in in IN 12162 478 27 the the DT 12162 478 28 regular regular JJ 12162 478 29 _ _ NNP 12162 478 30 placita placita NN 12162 478 31 _ _ NNP 12162 478 32 of of IN 12162 478 33 the the DT 12162 478 34 counts count NNS 12162 478 35 , , , 12162 478 36 and and CC 12162 478 37 which which WDT 12162 478 38 were be VBD 12162 478 39 not not RB 12162 478 40 of of IN 12162 478 41 sufficient sufficient JJ 12162 478 42 importance importance NN 12162 478 43 to to TO 12162 478 44 be be VB 12162 478 45 referred refer VBN 12162 478 46 to to IN 12162 478 47 the the DT 12162 478 48 king king NN 12162 478 49 in in IN 12162 478 50 person person NN 12162 478 51 , , , 12162 478 52 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 478 53 representative representative NN 12162 478 54 the the DT 12162 478 55 Count Count NNP 12162 478 56 of of IN 12162 478 57 the the DT 12162 478 58 Palace Palace NNP 12162 478 59 , , , 12162 478 60 or or CC 12162 478 61 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 478 62 delegates delegate NNS 12162 478 63 the the DT 12162 478 64 _ _ NNP 12162 478 65 missi missi NN 12162 478 66 regii regii NNP 12162 478 67 _ _ NNP 12162 478 68 . . . 12162 479 1 When when WRB 12162 479 2 the the DT 12162 479 3 count count NN 12162 479 4 went go VBD 12162 479 5 up up RP 12162 479 6 to to IN 12162 479 7 the the DT 12162 479 8 general general JJ 12162 479 9 yearly yearly NNP 12162 479 10 _ _ NNP 12162 479 11 placitum placitum NN 12162 479 12 _ _ NNP 12162 479 13 of of IN 12162 479 14 the the DT 12162 479 15 king king NN 12162 479 16 , , , 12162 479 17 as as IN 12162 479 18 the the DT 12162 479 19 representative representative NN 12162 479 20 of of IN 12162 479 21 the the DT 12162 479 22 _ _ NNP 12162 479 23 civitas civita NNS 12162 479 24 _ _ NNP 12162 479 25 , , , 12162 479 26 according accord VBG 12162 479 27 to to IN 12162 479 28 the the DT 12162 479 29 laws law NNS 12162 479 30 of of IN 12162 479 31 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 12162 479 32 he -PRON- PRP 12162 479 33 was be VBD 12162 479 34 to to TO 12162 479 35 be be VB 12162 479 36 accompanied accompany VBN 12162 479 37 by by IN 12162 479 38 a a DT 12162 479 39 certain certain JJ 12162 479 40 number number NN 12162 479 41 of of IN 12162 479 42 the the DT 12162 479 43 _ _ NNP 12162 479 44 scabini scabini NN 12162 479 45 _ _ NNP 12162 479 46 ; ; : 12162 479 47 and and CC 12162 479 48 these these DT 12162 479 49 seem seem VBP 12162 479 50 to to TO 12162 479 51 have have VB 12162 479 52 accompanied accompany VBN 12162 479 53 him -PRON- PRP 12162 479 54 not not RB 12162 479 55 solely solely RB 12162 479 56 in in IN 12162 479 57 the the DT 12162 479 58 character character NN 12162 479 59 of of IN 12162 479 60 legal legal JJ 12162 479 61 advisers adviser NNS 12162 479 62 , , , 12162 479 63 but but CC 12162 479 64 also also RB 12162 479 65 in in IN 12162 479 66 a a DT 12162 479 67 certain certain JJ 12162 479 68 measure measure NN 12162 479 69 as as IN 12162 479 70 representatives representative NNS 12162 479 71 of of IN 12162 479 72 the the DT 12162 479 73 cities city NNS 12162 479 74 in in IN 12162 479 75 which which WDT 12162 479 76 lay lie VBD 12162 479 77 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 479 78 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 479 79 : : : 12162 479 80 they -PRON- PRP 12162 479 81 are be VBP 12162 479 82 by by IN 12162 479 83 no no DT 12162 479 84 means mean NNS 12162 479 85 what what WP 12162 479 86 the the DT 12162 479 87 exaggeration exaggeration NN 12162 479 88 of of IN 12162 479 89 Sismondi[71 Sismondi[71 NNP 12162 479 90 ] ] -RRB- 12162 479 91 calls call VBZ 12162 479 92 " " `` 12162 479 93 des des FW 12162 479 94 magistrats magistrat VBZ 12162 479 95 populaires populaire NNS 12162 479 96 ... ... : 12162 479 97 qui qui NNP 12162 479 98 representaient representaient NN 12162 479 99 la la NNP 12162 479 100 bourgeoisie bourgeoisie NNP 12162 479 101 " " '' 12162 479 102 ; ; : 12162 479 103 but but CC 12162 479 104 they -PRON- PRP 12162 479 105 certainly certainly RB 12162 479 106 stood stand VBD 12162 479 107 for for IN 12162 479 108 the the DT 12162 479 109 interests interest NNS 12162 479 110 of of IN 12162 479 111 the the DT 12162 479 112 people people NNS 12162 479 113 , , , 12162 479 114 in in IN 12162 479 115 a a DT 12162 479 116 greater great JJR 12162 479 117 degree degree NN 12162 479 118 than than IN 12162 479 119 any any DT 12162 479 120 of of IN 12162 479 121 the the DT 12162 479 122 ruling rule VBG 12162 479 123 powers power NNS 12162 479 124 we -PRON- PRP 12162 479 125 have have VBP 12162 479 126 as as RB 12162 479 127 yet yet RB 12162 479 128 considered consider VBN 12162 479 129 . . . 12162 480 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 480 2 number number NN 12162 480 3 is be VBZ 12162 480 4 variously variously RB 12162 480 5 stated state VBN 12162 480 6 in in IN 12162 480 7 the the DT 12162 480 8 laws law NNS 12162 480 9 of of IN 12162 480 10 different different JJ 12162 480 11 kings king NNS 12162 480 12 , , , 12162 480 13 and and CC 12162 480 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 480 15 actual actual JJ 12162 480 16 number number NN 12162 480 17 seems seem VBZ 12162 480 18 seldom seldom RB 12162 480 19 to to TO 12162 480 20 have have VB 12162 480 21 come come VBN 12162 480 22 up up RP 12162 480 23 to to IN 12162 480 24 the the DT 12162 480 25 standard standard NN 12162 480 26 of of IN 12162 480 27 legal legal JJ 12162 480 28 requirement requirement NN 12162 480 29 . . . 12162 481 1 Lewis Lewis NNP 12162 481 2 the the DT 12162 481 3 Pious Pious NNP 12162 481 4 requires require VBZ 12162 481 5 twelve twelve CD 12162 481 6 to to TO 12162 481 7 accompany accompany VB 12162 481 8 each each DT 12162 481 9 count count NN 12162 481 10 when when WRB 12162 481 11 summoned summon VBN 12162 481 12 by by IN 12162 481 13 the the DT 12162 481 14 emperor emperor NN 12162 481 15 : : : 12162 481 16 " " `` 12162 481 17 veniat veniat NNP 12162 481 18 unusquisque unusquisque NN 12162 481 19 Comes Comes NNP 12162 481 20 et et NNP 12162 481 21 adducat adducat NNP 12162 481 22 secum secum NNP 12162 481 23 duodecim duodecim NNP 12162 481 24 Scabinos";[72 Scabinos";[72 NNP 12162 481 25 ] ] -RRB- 12162 481 26 but but CC 12162 481 27 concedes concede VBZ 12162 481 28 that that IN 12162 481 29 if if IN 12162 481 30 so so RB 12162 481 31 many many JJ 12162 481 32 could could MD 12162 481 33 not not RB 12162 481 34 be be VB 12162 481 35 found find VBN 12162 481 36 in in IN 12162 481 37 the the DT 12162 481 38 city city NN 12162 481 39 , , , 12162 481 40 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 481 41 number number NN 12162 481 42 should should MD 12162 481 43 be be VB 12162 481 44 filled fill VBN 12162 481 45 out out RP 12162 481 46 from from IN 12162 481 47 the the DT 12162 481 48 best good JJS 12162 481 49 citizens citizen NNS 12162 481 50 of of IN 12162 481 51 the the DT 12162 481 52 town town NN 12162 481 53 : : : 12162 481 54 " " `` 12162 481 55 de de NNP 12162 481 56 melioribus melioribus NNP 12162 481 57 hominibus hominibus NNP 12162 481 58 illius illius NNP 12162 481 59 civitatis civitatis NNP 12162 481 60 suppleat suppleat NNP 12162 481 61 numerum numerum NNP 12162 481 62 duodenarium duodenarium NNP 12162 481 63 . . . 12162 482 1 " " `` 12162 482 2 [ [ -LRB- 12162 482 3 73 73 CD 12162 482 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 482 5 According accord VBG 12162 482 6 to to IN 12162 482 7 Charlemagne,[74 Charlemagne,[74 NNP 12162 482 8 ] ] -RRB- 12162 482 9 no no DT 12162 482 10 one one PRP 12162 482 11 should should MD 12162 482 12 come come VB 12162 482 13 with with IN 12162 482 14 the the DT 12162 482 15 count count NN 12162 482 16 to to IN 12162 482 17 a a DT 12162 482 18 king king NN 12162 482 19 's 's POS 12162 482 20 _ _ NNP 12162 482 21 placitum placitum NN 12162 482 22 _ _ NNP 12162 482 23 unless unless IN 12162 482 24 he -PRON- PRP 12162 482 25 had have VBD 12162 482 26 a a DT 12162 482 27 case case NN 12162 482 28 to to IN 12162 482 29 present present VB 12162 482 30 , , , 12162 482 31 " " '' 12162 482 32 qui qui NNP 12162 482 33 causam causam NNP 12162 482 34 suam suam NNP 12162 482 35 quaerit quaerit NNP 12162 482 36 , , , 12162 482 37 exceptis exceptis NNP 12162 482 38 scabinis scabinis NNP 12162 482 39 septem septem NNP 12162 482 40 , , , 12162 482 41 qui qui NNP 12162 482 42 ad ad NN 12162 482 43 omnia omnia IN 12162 482 44 Placita Placita NNP 12162 482 45 esse esse VBP 12162 482 46 debent debent NN 12162 482 47 . . . 12162 482 48 " " '' 12162 483 1 And and CC 12162 483 2 again again RB 12162 483 3 : : : 12162 483 4 " " `` 12162 483 5 Ut Ut NNP 12162 483 6 nullus nullus JJ 12162 483 7 ad ad NN 12162 483 8 placitum placitum NN 12162 483 9 banniatur banniatur NNP 12162 483 10 ... ... NFP 12162 483 11 exceptis exceptis NNP 12162 483 12 scabineis scabineis NNP 12162 483 13 septem septem NN 12162 483 14 , , , 12162 483 15 qui qui VBD 12162 483 16 ad ad NN 12162 483 17 omnia omnia NN 12162 483 18 Placita Placita NNP 12162 483 19 praeesse praeesse NNP 12162 483 20 debent";[75 debent";[75 NN 12162 483 21 ] ] -RRB- 12162 483 22 and and CC 12162 483 23 seven seven CD 12162 483 24 seems seem VBZ 12162 483 25 to to TO 12162 483 26 have have VB 12162 483 27 been be VBN 12162 483 28 the the DT 12162 483 29 usual usual JJ 12162 483 30 number number NN 12162 483 31 expected expect VBN 12162 483 32 , , , 12162 483 33 and and CC 12162 483 34 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 483 35 attendance attendance NN 12162 483 36 was be VBD 12162 483 37 compulsory compulsory JJ 12162 483 38 ; ; , 12162 483 39 though though IN 12162 483 40 sometimes sometimes RB 12162 483 41 only only RB 12162 483 42 two two CD 12162 483 43 appear appear VBP 12162 483 44 , , , 12162 483 45 and and CC 12162 483 46 in in IN 12162 483 47 a a DT 12162 483 48 few few JJ 12162 483 49 cases case NNS 12162 483 50 none none NN 12162 483 51 at at RB 12162 483 52 all all RB 12162 483 53 . . . 12162 484 1 Of of IN 12162 484 2 all all DT 12162 484 3 matters matter NNS 12162 484 4 relating relate VBG 12162 484 5 to to IN 12162 484 6 this this DT 12162 484 7 office office NN 12162 484 8 , , , 12162 484 9 the the DT 12162 484 10 one one NN 12162 484 11 which which WDT 12162 484 12 is be VBZ 12162 484 13 of of IN 12162 484 14 most most JJS 12162 484 15 interest interest NN 12162 484 16 to to IN 12162 484 17 us -PRON- PRP 12162 484 18 , , , 12162 484 19 and and CC 12162 484 20 the the DT 12162 484 21 one one NN 12162 484 22 which which WDT 12162 484 23 most most RBS 12162 484 24 clearly clearly RB 12162 484 25 shows show VBZ 12162 484 26 the the DT 12162 484 27 difference difference NN 12162 484 28 which which WDT 12162 484 29 was be VBD 12162 484 30 designed design VBN 12162 484 31 to to TO 12162 484 32 exist exist VB 12162 484 33 between between IN 12162 484 34 it -PRON- PRP 12162 484 35 and and CC 12162 484 36 that that DT 12162 484 37 of of IN 12162 484 38 the the DT 12162 484 39 other other JJ 12162 484 40 judges judge NNS 12162 484 41 , , , 12162 484 42 was be VBD 12162 484 43 the the DT 12162 484 44 manner manner NN 12162 484 45 in in IN 12162 484 46 which which WDT 12162 484 47 the the DT 12162 484 48 office office NN 12162 484 49 was be VBD 12162 484 50 obtained obtain VBN 12162 484 51 . . . 12162 485 1 In in IN 12162 485 2 this this DT 12162 485 3 procedure procedure NN 12162 485 4 we -PRON- PRP 12162 485 5 can can MD 12162 485 6 trace trace VB 12162 485 7 almost almost RB 12162 485 8 distinctly distinctly RB 12162 485 9 that that IN 12162 485 10 the the DT 12162 485 11 object object NN 12162 485 12 of of IN 12162 485 13 the the DT 12162 485 14 central central JJ 12162 485 15 power power NN 12162 485 16 which which WDT 12162 485 17 established establish VBD 12162 485 18 it -PRON- PRP 12162 485 19 was be VBD 12162 485 20 to to TO 12162 485 21 secure secure VB 12162 485 22 greater great JJR 12162 485 23 justice justice NN 12162 485 24 and and CC 12162 485 25 greater great JJR 12162 485 26 freedom freedom NN 12162 485 27 to to IN 12162 485 28 the the DT 12162 485 29 subjects subject NNS 12162 485 30 who who WP 12162 485 31 came come VBD 12162 485 32 under under IN 12162 485 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 485 34 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 485 35 . . . 12162 486 1 The the DT 12162 486 2 fact fact NN 12162 486 3 was be VBD 12162 486 4 recognized recognize VBN 12162 486 5 by by IN 12162 486 6 the the DT 12162 486 7 new new JJ 12162 486 8 government government NN 12162 486 9 that that IN 12162 486 10 the the DT 12162 486 11 power power NN 12162 486 12 of of IN 12162 486 13 the the DT 12162 486 14 local local JJ 12162 486 15 heads head NNS 12162 486 16 was be VBD 12162 486 17 too too RB 12162 486 18 great great JJ 12162 486 19 to to TO 12162 486 20 suit suit VB 12162 486 21 the the DT 12162 486 22 principle principle NN 12162 486 23 of of IN 12162 486 24 universal universal JJ 12162 486 25 central central JJ 12162 486 26 control control NN 12162 486 27 , , , 12162 486 28 which which WDT 12162 486 29 was be VBD 12162 486 30 the the DT 12162 486 31 keynote keynote NN 12162 486 32 of of IN 12162 486 33 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 12162 486 34 's 's POS 12162 486 35 system system NN 12162 486 36 of of IN 12162 486 37 administration administration NN 12162 486 38 , , , 12162 486 39 and and CC 12162 486 40 was be VBD 12162 486 41 exercised exercise VBN 12162 486 42 in in IN 12162 486 43 too too RB 12162 486 44 arbitrary arbitrary JJ 12162 486 45 a a DT 12162 486 46 manner manner NN 12162 486 47 ; ; : 12162 486 48 and and CC 12162 486 49 that that IN 12162 486 50 some some DT 12162 486 51 check check NN 12162 486 52 was be VBD 12162 486 53 necessary necessary JJ 12162 486 54 to to TO 12162 486 55 curb curb VB 12162 486 56 the the DT 12162 486 57 spirit spirit NN 12162 486 58 and and CC 12162 486 59 limit limit VB 12162 486 60 the the DT 12162 486 61 independence independence NN 12162 486 62 of of IN 12162 486 63 these these DT 12162 486 64 local local JJ 12162 486 65 lords lord NNS 12162 486 66 of of IN 12162 486 67 the the DT 12162 486 68 soil soil NN 12162 486 69 and and CC 12162 486 70 the the DT 12162 486 71 city city NN 12162 486 72 who who WP 12162 486 73 had have VBD 12162 486 74 little little JJ 12162 486 75 consideration consideration NN 12162 486 76 for for IN 12162 486 77 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 486 78 inferiors inferior NNS 12162 486 79 , , , 12162 486 80 and and CC 12162 486 81 who who WP 12162 486 82 might may MD 12162 486 83 at at IN 12162 486 84 any any DT 12162 486 85 time time NN 12162 486 86 become become VBN 12162 486 87 a a DT 12162 486 88 source source NN 12162 486 89 of of IN 12162 486 90 danger danger NN 12162 486 91 to to IN 12162 486 92 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 486 93 superiors superior NNS 12162 486 94 . . . 12162 487 1 Such such PDT 12162 487 2 a a DT 12162 487 3 check check NN 12162 487 4 was be VBD 12162 487 5 found find VBN 12162 487 6 , , , 12162 487 7 in in IN 12162 487 8 regard regard NN 12162 487 9 to to IN 12162 487 10 the the DT 12162 487 11 central central NNP 12162 487 12 authority authority NNP 12162 487 13 , , , 12162 487 14 in in IN 12162 487 15 the the DT 12162 487 16 _ _ NNP 12162 487 17 missi missi NN 12162 487 18 regii regii NNP 12162 487 19 _ _ NNP 12162 487 20 , , , 12162 487 21 and and CC 12162 487 22 in in IN 12162 487 23 reference reference NN 12162 487 24 to to IN 12162 487 25 the the DT 12162 487 26 general general JJ 12162 487 27 public public NN 12162 487 28 , , , 12162 487 29 in in IN 12162 487 30 the the DT 12162 487 31 _ _ NNP 12162 487 32 scabini scabini NN 12162 487 33 _ _ NNP 12162 487 34 or or CC 12162 487 35 city city NN 12162 487 36 judges judge NNS 12162 487 37 . . . 12162 488 1 In in IN 12162 488 2 the the DT 12162 488 3 old old JJ 12162 488 4 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 488 5 constitution constitution NN 12162 488 6 we -PRON- PRP 12162 488 7 have have VBP 12162 488 8 seen see VBN 12162 488 9 the the DT 12162 488 10 gastald gastald NN 12162 488 11 , , , 12162 488 12 chiefly chiefly RB 12162 488 13 , , , 12162 488 14 however however RB 12162 488 15 , , , 12162 488 16 in in IN 12162 488 17 the the DT 12162 488 18 matter matter NN 12162 488 19 of of IN 12162 488 20 judicial judicial JJ 12162 488 21 decisions decision NNS 12162 488 22 , , , 12162 488 23 exercise exercise VB 12162 488 24 a a DT 12162 488 25 controlling controlling JJ 12162 488 26 influence influence NN 12162 488 27 on on IN 12162 488 28 the the DT 12162 488 29 arbitrary arbitrary JJ 12162 488 30 action action NN 12162 488 31 of of IN 12162 488 32 the the DT 12162 488 33 duke duke NN 12162 488 34 ; ; : 12162 488 35 but but CC 12162 488 36 as as IN 12162 488 37 the the DT 12162 488 38 power power NN 12162 488 39 of of IN 12162 488 40 the the DT 12162 488 41 count count NN 12162 488 42 varied vary VBD 12162 488 43 from from IN 12162 488 44 that that DT 12162 488 45 of of IN 12162 488 46 the the DT 12162 488 47 duke duke NN 12162 488 48 , , , 12162 488 49 so so IN 12162 488 50 that that DT 12162 488 51 of of IN 12162 488 52 the the DT 12162 488 53 _ _ NNP 12162 488 54 scabinus scabinus NN 12162 488 55 _ _ NNP 12162 488 56 differs differ VBZ 12162 488 57 from from IN 12162 488 58 that that DT 12162 488 59 of of IN 12162 488 60 the the DT 12162 488 61 gastald gastald NN 12162 488 62 , , , 12162 488 63 only only RB 12162 488 64 perhaps perhaps RB 12162 488 65 in in IN 12162 488 66 a a DT 12162 488 67 greater great JJR 12162 488 68 degree degree NN 12162 488 69 . . . 12162 489 1 At at IN 12162 489 2 the the DT 12162 489 3 time time NN 12162 489 4 when when WRB 12162 489 5 the the DT 12162 489 6 count count NN 12162 489 7 assumes assume VBZ 12162 489 8 the the DT 12162 489 9 place place NN 12162 489 10 of of IN 12162 489 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 489 12 predecessor predecessor NN 12162 489 13 the the DT 12162 489 14 duke duke NN 12162 489 15 , , , 12162 489 16 the the DT 12162 489 17 _ _ NNP 12162 489 18 scabinus scabinus NN 12162 489 19 _ _ NNP 12162 489 20 displaces displace VBZ 12162 489 21 the the DT 12162 489 22 gastald gastald NN 12162 489 23 , , , 12162 489 24 although although IN 12162 489 25 he -PRON- PRP 12162 489 26 can can MD 12162 489 27 not not RB 12162 489 28 be be VB 12162 489 29 said say VBN 12162 489 30 to to TO 12162 489 31 have have VB 12162 489 32 assumed assume VBN 12162 489 33 exactly exactly RB 12162 489 34 the the DT 12162 489 35 same same JJ 12162 489 36 position position NN 12162 489 37 as as IN 12162 489 38 the the DT 12162 489 39 latter latter JJ 12162 489 40 , , , 12162 489 41 nor nor CC 12162 489 42 to to TO 12162 489 43 have have VB 12162 489 44 filled fill VBN 12162 489 45 it -PRON- PRP 12162 489 46 in in RP 12162 489 47 precisely precisely RB 12162 489 48 the the DT 12162 489 49 same same JJ 12162 489 50 way way NN 12162 489 51 . . . 12162 490 1 The the DT 12162 490 2 _ _ NNP 12162 490 3 scabinus scabinus NN 12162 490 4 _ _ NNP 12162 490 5 did do VBD 12162 490 6 not not RB 12162 490 7 have have VB 12162 490 8 , , , 12162 490 9 of of IN 12162 490 10 course course NN 12162 490 11 , , , 12162 490 12 any any DT 12162 490 13 direct direct JJ 12162 490 14 limiting limiting NN 12162 490 15 control control NN 12162 490 16 over over IN 12162 490 17 the the DT 12162 490 18 actions action NNS 12162 490 19 of of IN 12162 490 20 the the DT 12162 490 21 count count NN 12162 490 22 ; ; : 12162 490 23 for for IN 12162 490 24 any any DT 12162 490 25 such such JJ 12162 490 26 power power NN 12162 490 27 in in IN 12162 490 28 the the DT 12162 490 29 hands hand NNS 12162 490 30 of of IN 12162 490 31 a a DT 12162 490 32 body body NN 12162 490 33 of of IN 12162 490 34 lesser less JJR 12162 490 35 officers officer NNS 12162 490 36 would would MD 12162 490 37 have have VB 12162 490 38 been be VBN 12162 490 39 alike alike RB 12162 490 40 contrary contrary JJ 12162 490 41 to to IN 12162 490 42 the the DT 12162 490 43 spirit spirit NN 12162 490 44 of of IN 12162 490 45 feudalism feudalism NN 12162 490 46 which which WDT 12162 490 47 characterized characterize VBD 12162 490 48 the the DT 12162 490 49 age age NN 12162 490 50 , , , 12162 490 51 and and CC 12162 490 52 impossible impossible JJ 12162 490 53 to to IN 12162 490 54 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 490 55 forms form NNS 12162 490 56 ; ; : 12162 490 57 but but CC 12162 490 58 being be VBG 12162 490 59 the the DT 12162 490 60 principal principal JJ 12162 490 61 judicial judicial JJ 12162 490 62 functionaries functionary NNS 12162 490 63 of of IN 12162 490 64 the the DT 12162 490 65 district district NN 12162 490 66 , , , 12162 490 67 into into IN 12162 490 68 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 490 69 hands hand NNS 12162 490 70 fell fall VBD 12162 490 71 most most JJS 12162 490 72 of of IN 12162 490 73 the the DT 12162 490 74 cases case NNS 12162 490 75 which which WDT 12162 490 76 formerly formerly RB 12162 490 77 went go VBD 12162 490 78 to to IN 12162 490 79 the the DT 12162 490 80 _ _ NNP 12162 490 81 placita placita NN 12162 490 82 _ _ NNP 12162 490 83 of of IN 12162 490 84 the the DT 12162 490 85 count count NN 12162 490 86 ; ; : 12162 490 87 and and CC 12162 490 88 while while IN 12162 490 89 the the DT 12162 490 90 wish wish NN 12162 490 91 of of IN 12162 490 92 the the DT 12162 490 93 great great JJ 12162 490 94 emperor emperor NN 12162 490 95 , , , 12162 490 96 that that IN 12162 490 97 even even RB 12162 490 98 the the DT 12162 490 99 meanest mean JJS 12162 490 100 subject subject NN 12162 490 101 of of IN 12162 490 102 the the DT 12162 490 103 realm realm NN 12162 490 104 should should MD 12162 490 105 receive receive VB 12162 490 106 impartial impartial JJ 12162 490 107 justice justice NN 12162 490 108 at at IN 12162 490 109 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 490 110 hands hand NNS 12162 490 111 , , , 12162 490 112 might may MD 12162 490 113 have have VB 12162 490 114 failed fail VBN 12162 490 115 in in IN 12162 490 116 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 490 117 effect effect NN 12162 490 118 , , , 12162 490 119 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 490 120 fulfilment fulfilment NN 12162 490 121 was be VBD 12162 490 122 made make VBN 12162 490 123 more more RBR 12162 490 124 sure sure JJ 12162 490 125 by by IN 12162 490 126 the the DT 12162 490 127 method method NN 12162 490 128 prescribed prescribe VBN 12162 490 129 for for IN 12162 490 130 the the DT 12162 490 131 election election NN 12162 490 132 of of IN 12162 490 133 the the DT 12162 490 134 officers officer NNS 12162 490 135 whose whose WP$ 12162 490 136 duty duty NN 12162 490 137 it -PRON- PRP 12162 490 138 was be VBD 12162 490 139 to to TO 12162 490 140 execute execute VB 12162 490 141 it -PRON- PRP 12162 490 142 . . . 12162 491 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 491 2 76 76 CD 12162 491 3 ] ] -RRB- 12162 491 4 In in IN 12162 491 5 describing describe VBG 12162 491 6 the the DT 12162 491 7 method method NN 12162 491 8 by by IN 12162 491 9 which which WDT 12162 491 10 the the DT 12162 491 11 _ _ NNP 12162 491 12 scabini scabini NN 12162 491 13 _ _ NNP 12162 491 14 gained gain VBD 12162 491 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 491 16 office office NN 12162 491 17 , , , 12162 491 18 I -PRON- PRP 12162 491 19 am be VBP 12162 491 20 in in IN 12162 491 21 some some DT 12162 491 22 doubt doubt NN 12162 491 23 as as IN 12162 491 24 to to IN 12162 491 25 the the DT 12162 491 26 proper proper JJ 12162 491 27 terms term NNS 12162 491 28 to to TO 12162 491 29 be be VB 12162 491 30 employed employ VBN 12162 491 31 . . . 12162 492 1 I -PRON- PRP 12162 492 2 have have VBP 12162 492 3 just just RB 12162 492 4 made make VBN 12162 492 5 use use NN 12162 492 6 of of IN 12162 492 7 the the DT 12162 492 8 word word NN 12162 492 9 " " '' 12162 492 10 election election NN 12162 492 11 , , , 12162 492 12 " " '' 12162 492 13 but but CC 12162 492 14 can can MD 12162 492 15 not not RB 12162 492 16 let let VB 12162 492 17 it -PRON- PRP 12162 492 18 stand stand VB 12162 492 19 without without IN 12162 492 20 some some DT 12162 492 21 qualification qualification NN 12162 492 22 . . . 12162 493 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 493 2 was be VBD 12162 493 3 not not RB 12162 493 4 an an DT 12162 493 5 election election NN 12162 493 6 in in IN 12162 493 7 the the DT 12162 493 8 strict strict JJ 12162 493 9 sense sense NN 12162 493 10 of of IN 12162 493 11 the the DT 12162 493 12 word word NN 12162 493 13 as as IN 12162 493 14 we -PRON- PRP 12162 493 15 now now RB 12162 493 16 understand understand VBP 12162 493 17 it -PRON- PRP 12162 493 18 , , , 12162 493 19 but but CC 12162 493 20 it -PRON- PRP 12162 493 21 was be VBD 12162 493 22 as as RB 12162 493 23 near near IN 12162 493 24 an an DT 12162 493 25 approach approach NN 12162 493 26 to to IN 12162 493 27 a a DT 12162 493 28 popular popular JJ 12162 493 29 choice choice NN 12162 493 30 as as IN 12162 493 31 was be VBD 12162 493 32 possible possible JJ 12162 493 33 in in IN 12162 493 34 the the DT 12162 493 35 age age NN 12162 493 36 in in IN 12162 493 37 which which WDT 12162 493 38 it -PRON- PRP 12162 493 39 existed exist VBD 12162 493 40 . . . 12162 494 1 The the DT 12162 494 2 citizens citizen NNS 12162 494 3 of of IN 12162 494 4 a a DT 12162 494 5 municipality municipality NN 12162 494 6 did do VBD 12162 494 7 not not RB 12162 494 8 nominate nominate VB 12162 494 9 and and CC 12162 494 10 elect elect VB 12162 494 11 by by IN 12162 494 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 494 13 votes vote NNS 12162 494 14 a a DT 12162 494 15 popular popular JJ 12162 494 16 magistrate magistrate NN 12162 494 17 , , , 12162 494 18 as as IN 12162 494 19 some some DT 12162 494 20 writers writer NNS 12162 494 21 would would MD 12162 494 22 have have VB 12162 494 23 us -PRON- PRP 12162 494 24 believe believe VB 12162 494 25 ; ; : 12162 494 26 for for IN 12162 494 27 such such PDT 12162 494 28 a a DT 12162 494 29 proceeding proceeding NN 12162 494 30 would would MD 12162 494 31 have have VB 12162 494 32 been be VBN 12162 494 33 an an DT 12162 494 34 anomaly anomaly NN 12162 494 35 in in IN 12162 494 36 the the DT 12162 494 37 eighth eighth JJ 12162 494 38 century century NN 12162 494 39 under under IN 12162 494 40 the the DT 12162 494 41 rule rule NN 12162 494 42 of of IN 12162 494 43 a a DT 12162 494 44 Frankish frankish JJ 12162 494 45 emperor emperor NN 12162 494 46 . . . 12162 495 1 But but CC 12162 495 2 the the DT 12162 495 3 people people NNS 12162 495 4 had have VBD 12162 495 5 a a DT 12162 495 6 voice voice NN 12162 495 7 , , , 12162 495 8 and and CC 12162 495 9 from from IN 12162 495 10 the the DT 12162 495 11 frequent frequent JJ 12162 495 12 mention mention NN 12162 495 13 of of IN 12162 495 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 495 15 intervention intervention NN 12162 495 16 it -PRON- PRP 12162 495 17 would would MD 12162 495 18 seem seem VB 12162 495 19 an an DT 12162 495 20 important important JJ 12162 495 21 voice voice NN 12162 495 22 , , , 12162 495 23 in in IN 12162 495 24 the the DT 12162 495 25 selection selection NN 12162 495 26 of of IN 12162 495 27 those those DT 12162 495 28 who who WP 12162 495 29 were be VBD 12162 495 30 to to TO 12162 495 31 be be VB 12162 495 32 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 495 33 judges judge NNS 12162 495 34 , , , 12162 495 35 and and CC 12162 495 36 who who WP 12162 495 37 were be VBD 12162 495 38 to to TO 12162 495 39 assist assist VB 12162 495 40 in in IN 12162 495 41 representing represent VBG 12162 495 42 them -PRON- PRP 12162 495 43 in in IN 12162 495 44 the the DT 12162 495 45 royal royal NN 12162 495 46 assembly assembly NN 12162 495 47 . . . 12162 496 1 The the DT 12162 496 2 original original JJ 12162 496 3 appointments appointment NNS 12162 496 4 were be VBD 12162 496 5 made make VBN 12162 496 6 by by IN 12162 496 7 some some DT 12162 496 8 higher high JJR 12162 496 9 power power NN 12162 496 10 , , , 12162 496 11 in in IN 12162 496 12 most most JJS 12162 496 13 cases case NNS 12162 496 14 the the DT 12162 496 15 _ _ NNP 12162 496 16 missi missi NN 12162 496 17 regii regii NNP 12162 496 18 _ _ NNP 12162 496 19 , , , 12162 496 20 the the DT 12162 496 21 direct direct JJ 12162 496 22 representatives representative NNS 12162 496 23 of of IN 12162 496 24 the the DT 12162 496 25 king king NN 12162 496 26 ; ; : 12162 496 27 but but CC 12162 496 28 these these DT 12162 496 29 were be VBD 12162 496 30 made make VBN 12162 496 31 not not RB 12162 496 32 arbitrarily arbitrarily RB 12162 496 33 , , , 12162 496 34 but but CC 12162 496 35 always always RB 12162 496 36 " " `` 12162 496 37 cum cum NNP 12162 496 38 totius totius NNP 12162 496 39 populi populi NNP 12162 496 40 consensu consensu NNP 12162 496 41 . . . 12162 496 42 " " '' 12162 497 1 This this DT 12162 497 2 was be VBD 12162 497 3 the the DT 12162 497 4 important important JJ 12162 497 5 point point NN 12162 497 6 ; ; : 12162 497 7 it -PRON- PRP 12162 497 8 was be VBD 12162 497 9 so so RB 12162 497 10 far far RB 12162 497 11 a a DT 12162 497 12 popular popular JJ 12162 497 13 office office NN 12162 497 14 that that WDT 12162 497 15 the the DT 12162 497 16 free free JJ 12162 497 17 consent consent NN 12162 497 18 of of IN 12162 497 19 the the DT 12162 497 20 people people NNS 12162 497 21 was be VBD 12162 497 22 always always RB 12162 497 23 necessary necessary JJ 12162 497 24 to to TO 12162 497 25 make make VB 12162 497 26 valid valid JJ 12162 497 27 the the DT 12162 497 28 appointment appointment NN 12162 497 29 of of IN 12162 497 30 any any DT 12162 497 31 incumbent incumbent NN 12162 497 32 . . . 12162 498 1 According accord VBG 12162 498 2 to to IN 12162 498 3 the the DT 12162 498 4 ideas idea NNS 12162 498 5 and and CC 12162 498 6 customs custom NNS 12162 498 7 of of IN 12162 498 8 the the DT 12162 498 9 eighth eighth JJ 12162 498 10 century century NN 12162 498 11 , , , 12162 498 12 such such PDT 12162 498 13 a a DT 12162 498 14 method method NN 12162 498 15 of of IN 12162 498 16 procedure procedure NN 12162 498 17 would would MD 12162 498 18 represent represent VB 12162 498 19 a a DT 12162 498 20 fairly fairly RB 12162 498 21 popular popular JJ 12162 498 22 election election NN 12162 498 23 ; ; , 12162 498 24 for for CC 12162 498 25 we -PRON- PRP 12162 498 26 know know VBP 12162 498 27 well well RB 12162 498 28 that that IN 12162 498 29 in in IN 12162 498 30 the the DT 12162 498 31 times time NNS 12162 498 32 of of IN 12162 498 33 the the DT 12162 498 34 greatest great JJS 12162 498 35 freedom freedom NN 12162 498 36 , , , 12162 498 37 the the DT 12162 498 38 Teutonic teutonic JJ 12162 498 39 idea idea NN 12162 498 40 of of IN 12162 498 41 a a DT 12162 498 42 popular popular JJ 12162 498 43 vote vote NN 12162 498 44 never never RB 12162 498 45 went go VBD 12162 498 46 beyond beyond IN 12162 498 47 the the DT 12162 498 48 mere mere JJ 12162 498 49 expression expression NN 12162 498 50 of of IN 12162 498 51 assent assent NN 12162 498 52 or or CC 12162 498 53 dissent dissent NN 12162 498 54 by by IN 12162 498 55 the the DT 12162 498 56 assembled assemble VBN 12162 498 57 freemen freeman NNS 12162 498 58 . . . 12162 499 1 The the DT 12162 499 2 initiative initiative NN 12162 499 3 was be VBD 12162 499 4 always always RB 12162 499 5 left leave VBN 12162 499 6 to to IN 12162 499 7 the the DT 12162 499 8 king king NN 12162 499 9 or or CC 12162 499 10 chief chief NN 12162 499 11 who who WP 12162 499 12 conducted conduct VBD 12162 499 13 the the DT 12162 499 14 meeting meeting NN 12162 499 15 , , , 12162 499 16 just just RB 12162 499 17 as as RB 12162 499 18 much much RB 12162 499 19 as as IN 12162 499 20 it -PRON- PRP 12162 499 21 was be VBD 12162 499 22 in in IN 12162 499 23 the the DT 12162 499 24 ancient ancient JJ 12162 499 25 assembly assembly NN 12162 499 26 held hold VBN 12162 499 27 on on IN 12162 499 28 the the DT 12162 499 29 classic classic JJ 12162 499 30 plains plain NNS 12162 499 31 of of IN 12162 499 32 Troy Troy NNP 12162 499 33 . . . 12162 500 1 In in IN 12162 500 2 a a DT 12162 500 3 capitulary[77 capitulary[77 NN 12162 500 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 500 5 of of IN 12162 500 6 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 12162 500 7 of of IN 12162 500 8 the the DT 12162 500 9 year year NN 12162 500 10 809 809 CD 12162 500 11 it -PRON- PRP 12162 500 12 is be VBZ 12162 500 13 decreed decree VBN 12162 500 14 : : : 12162 500 15 " " `` 12162 500 16 ut ut FW 12162 500 17 Scabini Scabini NNP 12162 500 18 boni boni NN 12162 500 19 et et FW 12162 500 20 veraces verace NNS 12162 500 21 cum cum NNP 12162 500 22 Comite Comite NNP 12162 500 23 et et NNP 12162 500 24 populo populo NN 12162 500 25 elegantur elegantur NNP 12162 500 26 et et NNP 12162 500 27 constituantur constituantur NN 12162 500 28 " " '' 12162 500 29 : : : 12162 500 30 and and CC 12162 500 31 more more RBR 12162 500 32 specific specific JJ 12162 500 33 directions direction NNS 12162 500 34 are be VBP 12162 500 35 given give VBN 12162 500 36 by by IN 12162 500 37 Lothar Lothar NNP 12162 500 38 I. I. NNP 12162 500 39 in in IN 12162 500 40 the the DT 12162 500 41 year year NN 12162 500 42 873 873 CD 12162 500 43 , , , 12162 500 44 in in IN 12162 500 45 case case NN 12162 500 46 of of IN 12162 500 47 a a DT 12162 500 48 _ _ NNP 12162 500 49 scabinus scabinus NN 12162 500 50 _ _ NNP 12162 500 51 found find VBD 12162 500 52 to to TO 12162 500 53 be be VB 12162 500 54 an an DT 12162 500 55 unjust unjust JJ 12162 500 56 judge judge NN 12162 500 57 . . . 12162 501 1 He -PRON- PRP 12162 501 2 says:[78 says:[78 VBZ 12162 501 3 ] ] -RRB- 12162 501 4 " " `` 12162 501 5 ut ut NNP 12162 501 6 Missi Missi NNP 12162 501 7 Nostri Nostri NNP 12162 501 8 ubicumque ubicumque JJ 12162 501 9 malos malos NN 12162 501 10 scabinos scabinos NNP 12162 501 11 invenerint invenerint VBP 12162 501 12 ejiciant ejiciant NN 12162 501 13 , , , 12162 501 14 et et NNP 12162 501 15 totius totius NNP 12162 501 16 populi populi NNP 12162 501 17 consensu consensu NNP 12162 501 18 in in IN 12162 501 19 loco loco NNP 12162 501 20 eorum eorum NNP 12162 501 21 bonos bonos NN 12162 501 22 eligant eligant JJ 12162 501 23 . . . 12162 501 24 " " '' 12162 502 1 From from IN 12162 502 2 this this DT 12162 502 3 latter latter JJ 12162 502 4 example example NN 12162 502 5 we -PRON- PRP 12162 502 6 see see VBP 12162 502 7 that that IN 12162 502 8 the the DT 12162 502 9 _ _ NNP 12162 502 10 missi missi NN 12162 502 11 _ _ NNP 12162 502 12 had have VBD 12162 502 13 the the DT 12162 502 14 power power NN 12162 502 15 of of IN 12162 502 16 dismissal dismissal NN 12162 502 17 " " '' 12162 502 18 for for IN 12162 502 19 cause cause NN 12162 502 20 , , , 12162 502 21 " " '' 12162 502 22 as as RB 12162 502 23 well well RB 12162 502 24 as as IN 12162 502 25 of of IN 12162 502 26 nomination nomination NN 12162 502 27 . . . 12162 503 1 In in IN 12162 503 2 fact fact NN 12162 503 3 , , , 12162 503 4 the the DT 12162 503 5 king king NN 12162 503 6 and and CC 12162 503 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 503 8 ministers minister NNS 12162 503 9 , , , 12162 503 10 in in IN 12162 503 11 the the DT 12162 503 12 interests interest NNS 12162 503 13 of of IN 12162 503 14 impartial impartial JJ 12162 503 15 justice justice NN 12162 503 16 , , , 12162 503 17 kept keep VBD 12162 503 18 constant constant JJ 12162 503 19 watch watch NN 12162 503 20 on on IN 12162 503 21 the the DT 12162 503 22 acts act NNS 12162 503 23 and and CC 12162 503 24 judgments judgment NNS 12162 503 25 of of IN 12162 503 26 the the DT 12162 503 27 _ _ NNP 12162 503 28 scabini scabini NN 12162 503 29 _ _ NNP 12162 503 30 , , , 12162 503 31 and and CC 12162 503 32 a a DT 12162 503 33 law law NN 12162 503 34 of of IN 12162 503 35 Lothar Lothar NNP 12162 503 36 I. I. NNP 12162 503 37 tells tell VBZ 12162 503 38 us -PRON- PRP 12162 503 39 that that IN 12162 503 40 " " `` 12162 503 41 quicumque quicumque NNP 12162 503 42 de de NNP 12162 503 43 Scabinis Scabinis NNP 12162 503 44 deprehensus deprehensu VBZ 12162 503 45 fuerit fuerit NNP 12162 503 46 propter propter NNP 12162 503 47 munera munera NNP 12162 503 48 , , , 12162 503 49 aut aut NNP 12162 503 50 propter propter NNP 12162 503 51 amicitam amicitam NNP 12162 503 52 injuste injuste NNP 12162 503 53 judicare judicare NNP 12162 503 54 " " '' 12162 503 55 should should MD 12162 503 56 be be VB 12162 503 57 sent send VBN 12162 503 58 up up RP 12162 503 59 to to IN 12162 503 60 the the DT 12162 503 61 king king NN 12162 503 62 to to TO 12162 503 63 render render VB 12162 503 64 an an DT 12162 503 65 account account NN 12162 503 66 of of IN 12162 503 67 the the DT 12162 503 68 manner manner NN 12162 503 69 in in IN 12162 503 70 which which WDT 12162 503 71 he -PRON- PRP 12162 503 72 had have VBD 12162 503 73 fulfilled fulfil VBN 12162 503 74 the the DT 12162 503 75 duties duty NNS 12162 503 76 of of IN 12162 503 77 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 503 78 office office NN 12162 503 79 . . . 12162 504 1 Such such JJ 12162 504 2 then then RB 12162 504 3 were be VBD 12162 504 4 the the DT 12162 504 5 duties duty NNS 12162 504 6 , , , 12162 504 7 the the DT 12162 504 8 privileges privilege NNS 12162 504 9 and and CC 12162 504 10 the the DT 12162 504 11 restrictions restriction NNS 12162 504 12 of of IN 12162 504 13 the the DT 12162 504 14 first first JJ 12162 504 15 magistrate magistrate NN 12162 504 16 to to TO 12162 504 17 whom whom WP 12162 504 18 we -PRON- PRP 12162 504 19 could could MD 12162 504 20 venture venture VB 12162 504 21 to to TO 12162 504 22 ascribe ascribe VB 12162 504 23 any any DT 12162 504 24 of of IN 12162 504 25 the the DT 12162 504 26 attributes attribute NNS 12162 504 27 of of IN 12162 504 28 a a DT 12162 504 29 popular popular JJ 12162 504 30 judge judge NN 12162 504 31 : : : 12162 504 32 a a DT 12162 504 33 representative representative NN 12162 504 34 of of IN 12162 504 35 the the DT 12162 504 36 people people NNS 12162 504 37 at at IN 12162 504 38 the the DT 12162 504 39 assembly assembly NN 12162 504 40 of of IN 12162 504 41 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 504 42 ruler ruler NN 12162 504 43 ; ; : 12162 504 44 a a DT 12162 504 45 judge judge NN 12162 504 46 of of IN 12162 504 47 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 504 48 suits suit NNS 12162 504 49 and and CC 12162 504 50 of of IN 12162 504 51 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 504 52 misdoings misdoing NNS 12162 504 53 at at IN 12162 504 54 home home NN 12162 504 55 , , , 12162 504 56 and and CC 12162 504 57 a a DT 12162 504 58 check check NN 12162 504 59 on on IN 12162 504 60 the the DT 12162 504 61 arbitrary arbitrary JJ 12162 504 62 power power NN 12162 504 63 of of IN 12162 504 64 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 504 65 lord lord NNP 12162 504 66 and and CC 12162 504 67 feudal feudal JJ 12162 504 68 superior,--we superior,--we NN 12162 504 69 can can MD 12162 504 70 readily readily RB 12162 504 71 appreciate appreciate VB 12162 504 72 that that IN 12162 504 73 the the DT 12162 504 74 existence existence NN 12162 504 75 of of IN 12162 504 76 such such PDT 12162 504 77 an an DT 12162 504 78 officer officer NN 12162 504 79 within within IN 12162 504 80 the the DT 12162 504 81 city city NN 12162 504 82 must must MD 12162 504 83 have have VB 12162 504 84 exercised exercise VBN 12162 504 85 some some DT 12162 504 86 influence influence NN 12162 504 87 in in IN 12162 504 88 giving give VBG 12162 504 89 to to IN 12162 504 90 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 504 91 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 12162 504 92 a a DT 12162 504 93 greater great JJR 12162 504 94 sense sense NN 12162 504 95 of of IN 12162 504 96 security security NN 12162 504 97 , , , 12162 504 98 and and CC 12162 504 99 consequently consequently RB 12162 504 100 of of IN 12162 504 101 importance importance NN 12162 504 102 , , , 12162 504 103 even even RB 12162 504 104 if if IN 12162 504 105 we -PRON- PRP 12162 504 106 can can MD 12162 504 107 not not RB 12162 504 108 claim claim VB 12162 504 109 that that IN 12162 504 110 in in IN 12162 504 111 the the DT 12162 504 112 earliest early JJS 12162 504 113 stages stage NNS 12162 504 114 of of IN 12162 504 115 municipal municipal JJ 12162 504 116 development development NN 12162 504 117 it -PRON- PRP 12162 504 118 gave give VBD 12162 504 119 birth birth NN 12162 504 120 to to IN 12162 504 121 any any DT 12162 504 122 definite definite JJ 12162 504 123 ideas idea NNS 12162 504 124 of of IN 12162 504 125 personal personal JJ 12162 504 126 freedom freedom NN 12162 504 127 or or CC 12162 504 128 of of IN 12162 504 129 municipal municipal JJ 12162 504 130 independence independence NN 12162 504 131 . . . 12162 505 1 But but CC 12162 505 2 it -PRON- PRP 12162 505 3 can can MD 12162 505 4 easily easily RB 12162 505 5 be be VB 12162 505 6 seen see VBN 12162 505 7 that that IN 12162 505 8 it -PRON- PRP 12162 505 9 formed form VBD 12162 505 10 another another DT 12162 505 11 and and CC 12162 505 12 an an DT 12162 505 13 important important JJ 12162 505 14 factor factor NN 12162 505 15 in in IN 12162 505 16 that that DT 12162 505 17 idea idea NN 12162 505 18 whose whose WP$ 12162 505 19 progress progress NN 12162 505 20 we -PRON- PRP 12162 505 21 wish wish VBP 12162 505 22 to to TO 12162 505 23 trace trace VB 12162 505 24 , , , 12162 505 25 of of IN 12162 505 26 a a DT 12162 505 27 slowly slowly RB 12162 505 28 growing grow VBG 12162 505 29 feeling feeling NN 12162 505 30 of of IN 12162 505 31 individuality individuality NN 12162 505 32 in in IN 12162 505 33 the the DT 12162 505 34 city city NN 12162 505 35 as as IN 12162 505 36 such such JJ 12162 505 37 , , , 12162 505 38 the the DT 12162 505 39 municipal municipal JJ 12162 505 40 unit unit NN 12162 505 41 as as IN 12162 505 42 conceived conceive VBD 12162 505 43 apart apart RB 12162 505 44 from from IN 12162 505 45 the the DT 12162 505 46 still still RB 12162 505 47 legally legally RB 12162 505 48 recognized recognize VBN 12162 505 49 unit unit NN 12162 505 50 , , , 12162 505 51 the the DT 12162 505 52 entire entire JJ 12162 505 53 _ _ NNP 12162 505 54 civitas civita NNS 12162 505 55 _ _ NNP 12162 505 56 . . . 12162 506 1 We -PRON- PRP 12162 506 2 have have VBP 12162 506 3 seen see VBN 12162 506 4 the the DT 12162 506 5 count count NN 12162 506 6 the the DT 12162 506 7 representative representative NN 12162 506 8 of of IN 12162 506 9 this this DT 12162 506 10 idea idea NN 12162 506 11 as as RB 12162 506 12 far far RB 12162 506 13 as as IN 12162 506 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 506 15 actual actual JJ 12162 506 16 connection connection NN 12162 506 17 with with IN 12162 506 18 the the DT 12162 506 19 constitution constitution NN 12162 506 20 of of IN 12162 506 21 the the DT 12162 506 22 state state NN 12162 506 23 was be VBD 12162 506 24 concerned concern VBN 12162 506 25 , , , 12162 506 26 but but CC 12162 506 27 it -PRON- PRP 12162 506 28 was be VBD 12162 506 29 the the DT 12162 506 30 _ _ NNP 12162 506 31 scabinus scabinus NN 12162 506 32 _ _ NNP 12162 506 33 who who WP 12162 506 34 was be VBD 12162 506 35 to to TO 12162 506 36 represent represent VB 12162 506 37 it -PRON- PRP 12162 506 38 to to IN 12162 506 39 the the DT 12162 506 40 consciousness consciousness NN 12162 506 41 of of IN 12162 506 42 the the DT 12162 506 43 people people NNS 12162 506 44 , , , 12162 506 45 and and CC 12162 506 46 to to TO 12162 506 47 assist assist VB 12162 506 48 them -PRON- PRP 12162 506 49 in in IN 12162 506 50 rediscovering rediscover VBG 12162 506 51 the the DT 12162 506 52 lost lost JJ 12162 506 53 conception conception NN 12162 506 54 of of IN 12162 506 55 a a DT 12162 506 56 municipal municipal JJ 12162 506 57 unity unity NN 12162 506 58 . . . 12162 507 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 507 2 would would MD 12162 507 3 be be VB 12162 507 4 incomplete incomplete JJ 12162 507 5 to to TO 12162 507 6 conclude conclude VB 12162 507 7 this this DT 12162 507 8 account account NN 12162 507 9 of of IN 12162 507 10 the the DT 12162 507 11 various various JJ 12162 507 12 officers officer NNS 12162 507 13 of of IN 12162 507 14 government government NN 12162 507 15 , , , 12162 507 16 without without IN 12162 507 17 some some DT 12162 507 18 mention mention NN 12162 507 19 of of IN 12162 507 20 the the DT 12162 507 21 position position NN 12162 507 22 held hold VBN 12162 507 23 by by IN 12162 507 24 the the DT 12162 507 25 bishops bishop NNS 12162 507 26 at at IN 12162 507 27 this this DT 12162 507 28 period period NN 12162 507 29 . . . 12162 508 1 As as IN 12162 508 2 it -PRON- PRP 12162 508 3 has have VBZ 12162 508 4 been be VBN 12162 508 5 our -PRON- PRP$ 12162 508 6 duty duty NN 12162 508 7 throughout throughout IN 12162 508 8 this this DT 12162 508 9 paper paper NN 12162 508 10 to to TO 12162 508 11 study study VB 12162 508 12 the the DT 12162 508 13 municipalities municipality NNS 12162 508 14 of of IN 12162 508 15 Italy Italy NNP 12162 508 16 as as IN 12162 508 17 only only RB 12162 508 18 preparing prepare VBG 12162 508 19 to to TO 12162 508 20 assume assume VB 12162 508 21 a a DT 12162 508 22 position position NN 12162 508 23 of of IN 12162 508 24 individuality individuality NN 12162 508 25 eventually eventually RB 12162 508 26 leading lead VBG 12162 508 27 to to IN 12162 508 28 independence independence NN 12162 508 29 , , , 12162 508 30 so so CC 12162 508 31 it -PRON- PRP 12162 508 32 is be VBZ 12162 508 33 with with IN 12162 508 34 regard regard NN 12162 508 35 to to IN 12162 508 36 the the DT 12162 508 37 bishops bishop NNS 12162 508 38 . . . 12162 509 1 While while IN 12162 509 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 509 3 social social JJ 12162 509 4 influence influence NN 12162 509 5 , , , 12162 509 6 as as IN 12162 509 7 pointed point VBN 12162 509 8 out out RP 12162 509 9 in in IN 12162 509 10 the the DT 12162 509 11 first first JJ 12162 509 12 part part NN 12162 509 13 of of IN 12162 509 14 this this DT 12162 509 15 paper paper NN 12162 509 16 , , , 12162 509 17 was be VBD 12162 509 18 always always RB 12162 509 19 notable notable JJ 12162 509 20 , , , 12162 509 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 509 22 political political JJ 12162 509 23 power power NN 12162 509 24 , , , 12162 509 25 which which WDT 12162 509 26 formed form VBD 12162 509 27 one one CD 12162 509 28 of of IN 12162 509 29 the the DT 12162 509 30 important important JJ 12162 509 31 steps step NNS 12162 509 32 in in IN 12162 509 33 the the DT 12162 509 34 progress progress NN 12162 509 35 of of IN 12162 509 36 the the DT 12162 509 37 communes commune NNS 12162 509 38 towards towards IN 12162 509 39 a a DT 12162 509 40 separate separate JJ 12162 509 41 existence existence NN 12162 509 42 , , , 12162 509 43 has have VBZ 12162 509 44 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 509 45 birth birth NN 12162 509 46 at at IN 12162 509 47 a a DT 12162 509 48 time time NN 12162 509 49 which which WDT 12162 509 50 is be VBZ 12162 509 51 beyond beyond IN 12162 509 52 the the DT 12162 509 53 limits limit NNS 12162 509 54 of of IN 12162 509 55 this this DT 12162 509 56 investigation investigation NN 12162 509 57 . . . 12162 510 1 Not not RB 12162 510 2 until until IN 12162 510 3 the the DT 12162 510 4 overthrow overthrow NN 12162 510 5 of of IN 12162 510 6 the the DT 12162 510 7 Carlovingian carlovingian JJ 12162 510 8 dynasty dynasty NN 12162 510 9 left leave VBD 12162 510 10 Italy Italy NNP 12162 510 11 the the DT 12162 510 12 prey prey NN 12162 510 13 of of IN 12162 510 14 contending contend VBG 12162 510 15 factions faction NNS 12162 510 16 , , , 12162 510 17 and and CC 12162 510 18 the the DT 12162 510 19 crown crown NN 12162 510 20 passing pass VBG 12162 510 21 quickly quickly RB 12162 510 22 from from IN 12162 510 23 hand hand NN 12162 510 24 to to IN 12162 510 25 hand hand NN 12162 510 26 made make VBD 12162 510 27 each each DT 12162 510 28 applicant applicant NN 12162 510 29 anxious anxious JJ 12162 510 30 to to TO 12162 510 31 gain gain VB 12162 510 32 the the DT 12162 510 33 support support NN 12162 510 34 of of IN 12162 510 35 the the DT 12162 510 36 more more RBR 12162 510 37 prominent prominent JJ 12162 510 38 electors elector NNS 12162 510 39 , , , 12162 510 40 did do VBD 12162 510 41 the the DT 12162 510 42 bishops bishop NNS 12162 510 43 obtain obtain VB 12162 510 44 that that WDT 12162 510 45 legally legally RB 12162 510 46 constituted constitute VBN 12162 510 47 political political JJ 12162 510 48 power power NN 12162 510 49 which which WDT 12162 510 50 , , , 12162 510 51 by by IN 12162 510 52 breaking break VBG 12162 510 53 up up RP 12162 510 54 and and CC 12162 510 55 in in IN 12162 510 56 many many JJ 12162 510 57 cases case NNS 12162 510 58 destroying destroy VBG 12162 510 59 the the DT 12162 510 60 rule rule NN 12162 510 61 of of IN 12162 510 62 the the DT 12162 510 63 counts count NNS 12162 510 64 and and CC 12162 510 65 great great JJ 12162 510 66 nobles noble NNS 12162 510 67 in in IN 12162 510 68 the the DT 12162 510 69 cities city NNS 12162 510 70 , , , 12162 510 71 was be VBD 12162 510 72 the the DT 12162 510 73 means mean NNS 12162 510 74 of of IN 12162 510 75 bridging bridge VBG 12162 510 76 over over IN 12162 510 77 the the DT 12162 510 78 wide wide JJ 12162 510 79 gulf gulf NNP 12162 510 80 which which WDT 12162 510 81 lay lie VBD 12162 510 82 between between IN 12162 510 83 the the DT 12162 510 84 idea idea NN 12162 510 85 of of IN 12162 510 86 a a DT 12162 510 87 district district NN 12162 510 88 under under IN 12162 510 89 the the DT 12162 510 90 almost almost RB 12162 510 91 absolute absolute JJ 12162 510 92 rule rule NN 12162 510 93 of of IN 12162 510 94 a a DT 12162 510 95 great great JJ 12162 510 96 lord lord NNP 12162 510 97 , , , 12162 510 98 and and CC 12162 510 99 a a DT 12162 510 100 civic civic JJ 12162 510 101 autonomy autonomy NN 12162 510 102 governed govern VBN 12162 510 103 by by IN 12162 510 104 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 510 105 own own JJ 12162 510 106 independent independent JJ 12162 510 107 citizens citizen NNS 12162 510 108 . . . 12162 511 1 Even even RB 12162 511 2 , , , 12162 511 3 however however RB 12162 511 4 , , , 12162 511 5 if if IN 12162 511 6 we -PRON- PRP 12162 511 7 are be VBP 12162 511 8 not not RB 12162 511 9 yet yet RB 12162 511 10 to to TO 12162 511 11 portray portray VB 12162 511 12 the the DT 12162 511 13 bishop bishop NN 12162 511 14 in in IN 12162 511 15 a a DT 12162 511 16 position position NN 12162 511 17 of of IN 12162 511 18 high high JJ 12162 511 19 political political JJ 12162 511 20 importance importance NN 12162 511 21 , , , 12162 511 22 we -PRON- PRP 12162 511 23 may may MD 12162 511 24 briefly briefly RB 12162 511 25 consider consider VB 12162 511 26 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 511 27 social social JJ 12162 511 28 power power NN 12162 511 29 and and CC 12162 511 30 influence influence NN 12162 511 31 , , , 12162 511 32 and and CC 12162 511 33 , , , 12162 511 34 as as IN 12162 511 35 we -PRON- PRP 12162 511 36 have have VBP 12162 511 37 done do VBN 12162 511 38 with with IN 12162 511 39 the the DT 12162 511 40 cities city NNS 12162 511 41 themselves -PRON- PRP 12162 511 42 , , , 12162 511 43 indicate indicate VBP 12162 511 44 the the DT 12162 511 45 steps step NNS 12162 511 46 by by IN 12162 511 47 which which WDT 12162 511 48 he -PRON- PRP 12162 511 49 was be VBD 12162 511 50 enabled enable VBN 12162 511 51 ultimately ultimately RB 12162 511 52 to to TO 12162 511 53 gain gain VB 12162 511 54 such such PDT 12162 511 55 an an DT 12162 511 56 exalted exalted JJ 12162 511 57 position position NN 12162 511 58 . . . 12162 512 1 The the DT 12162 512 2 relations relation NNS 12162 512 3 of of IN 12162 512 4 the the DT 12162 512 5 bishop bishop NN 12162 512 6 to to IN 12162 512 7 the the DT 12162 512 8 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 12162 512 9 of of IN 12162 512 10 the the DT 12162 512 11 cities city NNS 12162 512 12 during during IN 12162 512 13 the the DT 12162 512 14 period period NN 12162 512 15 we -PRON- PRP 12162 512 16 are be VBP 12162 512 17 considering consider VBG 12162 512 18 were be VBD 12162 512 19 pretty pretty RB 12162 512 20 nearly nearly RB 12162 512 21 such such JJ 12162 512 22 as as IN 12162 512 23 described describe VBN 12162 512 24 in in IN 12162 512 25 the the DT 12162 512 26 first first JJ 12162 512 27 part part NN 12162 512 28 of of IN 12162 512 29 this this DT 12162 512 30 paper paper NN 12162 512 31 . . . 12162 513 1 He -PRON- PRP 12162 513 2 stood stand VBD 12162 513 3 forth forth RB 12162 513 4 as as IN 12162 513 5 protector protector NN 12162 513 6 of of IN 12162 513 7 the the DT 12162 513 8 weak weak JJ 12162 513 9 and and CC 12162 513 10 the the DT 12162 513 11 oppressed oppress VBN 12162 513 12 ; ; : 12162 513 13 as as IN 12162 513 14 mediator mediator NN 12162 513 15 between between IN 12162 513 16 an an DT 12162 513 17 unfortunate unfortunate JJ 12162 513 18 prisoner prisoner NN 12162 513 19 and and CC 12162 513 20 an an DT 12162 513 21 unjust unjust JJ 12162 513 22 judge judge NN 12162 513 23 who who WP 12162 513 24 was be VBD 12162 513 25 seeking seek VBG 12162 513 26 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 513 27 private private JJ 12162 513 28 interest interest NN 12162 513 29 rather rather RB 12162 513 30 than than IN 12162 513 31 following follow VBG 12162 513 32 the the DT 12162 513 33 spirit spirit NN 12162 513 34 of of IN 12162 513 35 impartial impartial JJ 12162 513 36 justice justice NN 12162 513 37 ; ; : 12162 513 38 or or CC 12162 513 39 between between IN 12162 513 40 a a DT 12162 513 41 downtrodden downtrodden JJ 12162 513 42 vassal vassal NN 12162 513 43 and and CC 12162 513 44 the the DT 12162 513 45 almost almost RB 12162 513 46 unlimited unlimited JJ 12162 513 47 power power NN 12162 513 48 of of IN 12162 513 49 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 513 50 feudal feudal JJ 12162 513 51 superior superior JJ 12162 513 52 . . . 12162 514 1 He -PRON- PRP 12162 514 2 lessened lessen VBD 12162 514 3 the the DT 12162 514 4 severity severity NN 12162 514 5 of of IN 12162 514 6 harsh harsh JJ 12162 514 7 judgments judgment NNS 12162 514 8 , , , 12162 514 9 he -PRON- PRP 12162 514 10 protested protest VBD 12162 514 11 the the DT 12162 514 12 imposition imposition NN 12162 514 13 of of IN 12162 514 14 unjust unjust JJ 12162 514 15 fines fine NNS 12162 514 16 and and CC 12162 514 17 penalties penalty NNS 12162 514 18 . . . 12162 515 1 In in IN 12162 515 2 very very RB 12162 515 3 many many JJ 12162 515 4 cases case NNS 12162 515 5 he -PRON- PRP 12162 515 6 was be VBD 12162 515 7 even even RB 12162 515 8 appointed appoint VBN 12162 515 9 by by IN 12162 515 10 the the DT 12162 515 11 king king NN 12162 515 12 or or CC 12162 515 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 515 14 representatives representative NNS 12162 515 15 as as IN 12162 515 16 co co NN 12162 515 17 - - NN 12162 515 18 judge judge NN 12162 515 19 to to TO 12162 515 20 assist assist VB 12162 515 21 the the DT 12162 515 22 _ _ NNP 12162 515 23 judex judex NN 12162 515 24 _ _ NNP 12162 515 25 or or CC 12162 515 26 the the DT 12162 515 27 _ _ NNP 12162 515 28 missus missus NN 12162 515 29 _ _ NNP 12162 515 30 in in IN 12162 515 31 hearing hear VBG 12162 515 32 cases case NNS 12162 515 33 where where WRB 12162 515 34 oppression oppression NN 12162 515 35 or or CC 12162 515 36 injustice injustice NN 12162 515 37 was be VBD 12162 515 38 to to TO 12162 515 39 be be VB 12162 515 40 feared fear VBN 12162 515 41 . . . 12162 516 1 But but CC 12162 516 2 it -PRON- PRP 12162 516 3 is be VBZ 12162 516 4 important important JJ 12162 516 5 for for IN 12162 516 6 us -PRON- PRP 12162 516 7 to to TO 12162 516 8 avoid avoid VB 12162 516 9 confusing confuse VBG 12162 516 10 this this DT 12162 516 11 kind kind NN 12162 516 12 of of IN 12162 516 13 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 516 14 with with IN 12162 516 15 that that DT 12162 516 16 which which WDT 12162 516 17 he -PRON- PRP 12162 516 18 enjoyed enjoy VBD 12162 516 19 in in IN 12162 516 20 the the DT 12162 516 21 century century NN 12162 516 22 after after IN 12162 516 23 he -PRON- PRP 12162 516 24 had have VBD 12162 516 25 attained attain VBN 12162 516 26 the the DT 12162 516 27 power power NN 12162 516 28 and and CC 12162 516 29 the the DT 12162 516 30 office office NN 12162 516 31 of of IN 12162 516 32 count count NNP 12162 516 33 , , , 12162 516 34 and and CC 12162 516 35 had have VBD 12162 516 36 combined combine VBN 12162 516 37 the the DT 12162 516 38 religious religious JJ 12162 516 39 functions function NNS 12162 516 40 of of IN 12162 516 41 head head NN 12162 516 42 of of IN 12162 516 43 the the DT 12162 516 44 diocese diocese NN 12162 516 45 with with IN 12162 516 46 the the DT 12162 516 47 secular secular JJ 12162 516 48 ones one NNS 12162 516 49 of of IN 12162 516 50 political political JJ 12162 516 51 ruler ruler NN 12162 516 52 of of IN 12162 516 53 the the DT 12162 516 54 city city NN 12162 516 55 . . . 12162 517 1 Any any DT 12162 517 2 judicial judicial JJ 12162 517 3 authority authority NN 12162 517 4 possessed possess VBN 12162 517 5 by by IN 12162 517 6 the the DT 12162 517 7 bishop bishop NN 12162 517 8 at at IN 12162 517 9 this this DT 12162 517 10 earlier early JJR 12162 517 11 period period NN 12162 517 12 was be VBD 12162 517 13 not not RB 12162 517 14 in in IN 12162 517 15 virtue virtue NN 12162 517 16 of of IN 12162 517 17 any any DT 12162 517 18 political political JJ 12162 517 19 position position NN 12162 517 20 he -PRON- PRP 12162 517 21 himself -PRON- PRP 12162 517 22 held hold VBD 12162 517 23 , , , 12162 517 24 but but CC 12162 517 25 came come VBD 12162 517 26 to to IN 12162 517 27 him -PRON- PRP 12162 517 28 entirely entirely RB 12162 517 29 in in IN 12162 517 30 what what WP 12162 517 31 might may MD 12162 517 32 be be VB 12162 517 33 called call VBN 12162 517 34 an an DT 12162 517 35 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 12162 517 36 manner manner NN 12162 517 37 , , , 12162 517 38 that that RB 12162 517 39 is is RB 12162 517 40 , , , 12162 517 41 by by IN 12162 517 42 delegation delegation NN 12162 517 43 from from IN 12162 517 44 the the DT 12162 517 45 king king NN 12162 517 46 , , , 12162 517 47 for for IN 12162 517 48 definite definite JJ 12162 517 49 specified specified JJ 12162 517 50 occasions occasion NNS 12162 517 51 . . . 12162 518 1 As as IN 12162 518 2 an an DT 12162 518 3 example example NN 12162 518 4 of of IN 12162 518 5 this this DT 12162 518 6 extraordinary extraordinary NN 12162 518 7 delegated delegate VBD 12162 518 8 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 518 9 , , , 12162 518 10 I -PRON- PRP 12162 518 11 will will MD 12162 518 12 refer refer VB 12162 518 13 to to IN 12162 518 14 a a DT 12162 518 15 document document NN 12162 518 16 in in IN 12162 518 17 the the DT 12162 518 18 Archivio Archivio NNP 12162 518 19 of of IN 12162 518 20 the the DT 12162 518 21 Canons Canons NNPS 12162 518 22 of of IN 12162 518 23 Arezzo[79 arezzo[79 CD 12162 518 24 ] ] -RRB- 12162 518 25 of of IN 12162 518 26 the the DT 12162 518 27 year year NN 12162 518 28 833 833 CD 12162 518 29 , , , 12162 518 30 relating relate VBG 12162 518 31 to to IN 12162 518 32 the the DT 12162 518 33 judgment judgment NN 12162 518 34 of of IN 12162 518 35 a a DT 12162 518 36 dispute dispute NN 12162 518 37 between between IN 12162 518 38 " " `` 12162 518 39 Petrum Petrum NNP 12162 518 40 Episcopum Episcopum NNP 12162 518 41 Arretinum Arretinum NNP 12162 518 42 et et FW 12162 518 43 Vigilium vigilium NN 12162 518 44 Abatem Abatem NNP 12162 518 45 Monasterii Monasterii NNP 12162 518 46 Sancti Sancti NNP 12162 518 47 Antemi Antemi NNP 12162 518 48 , , , 12162 518 49 " " '' 12162 518 50 situated situate VBN 12162 518 51 in in IN 12162 518 52 the the DT 12162 518 53 territory territory NN 12162 518 54 of of IN 12162 518 55 Chiusi Chiusi NNP 12162 518 56 , , , 12162 518 57 over over IN 12162 518 58 a a DT 12162 518 59 privilege privilege NN 12162 518 60 ceded cede VBN 12162 518 61 to to IN 12162 518 62 that that DT 12162 518 63 monastery monastery NN 12162 518 64 by by IN 12162 518 65 Lewis Lewis NNP 12162 518 66 the the DT 12162 518 67 Pious Pious NNP 12162 518 68 in in IN 12162 518 69 813 813 CD 12162 518 70 . . . 12162 519 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 519 2 80 80 CD 12162 519 3 ] ] -RRB- 12162 519 4 The the DT 12162 519 5 bishop bishop NN 12162 519 6 of of IN 12162 519 7 Arezzo Arezzo NNP 12162 519 8 gained gain VBD 12162 519 9 a a DT 12162 519 10 favorable favorable JJ 12162 519 11 decision decision NN 12162 519 12 from from IN 12162 519 13 a a DT 12162 519 14 court court NN 12162 519 15 constituted constitute VBN 12162 519 16 of of IN 12162 519 17 some some DT 12162 519 18 _ _ NNP 12162 519 19 judices judice NNS 12162 519 20 _ _ NNP 12162 519 21 , , , 12162 519 22 _ _ NNP 12162 519 23 missi missi NNP 12162 519 24 _ _ NNP 12162 519 25 of of IN 12162 519 26 the the DT 12162 519 27 emperor emperor NN 12162 519 28 , , , 12162 519 29 and and CC 12162 519 30 of of IN 12162 519 31 the the DT 12162 519 32 bishops bishop NNS 12162 519 33 of of IN 12162 519 34 Florence Florence NNP 12162 519 35 , , , 12162 519 36 Volterra Volterra NNP 12162 519 37 and and CC 12162 519 38 Siena Siena NNP 12162 519 39 , , , 12162 519 40 Agiprandus Agiprandus NNP 12162 519 41 , , , 12162 519 42 Petrus Petrus NNP 12162 519 43 and and CC 12162 519 44 Anastasius Anastasius NNP 12162 519 45 . . . 12162 520 1 According accord VBG 12162 520 2 to to IN 12162 520 3 the the DT 12162 520 4 terms term NNS 12162 520 5 of of IN 12162 520 6 the the DT 12162 520 7 document document NN 12162 520 8 with with IN 12162 520 9 regard regard NN 12162 520 10 to to IN 12162 520 11 the the DT 12162 520 12 composition composition NN 12162 520 13 of of IN 12162 520 14 this this DT 12162 520 15 court court NN 12162 520 16 , , , 12162 520 17 the the DT 12162 520 18 bishops bishop NNS 12162 520 19 sitting sit VBG 12162 520 20 in in IN 12162 520 21 it -PRON- PRP 12162 520 22 were be VBD 12162 520 23 " " `` 12162 520 24 directi directi VB 12162 520 25 a a DT 12162 520 26 Hlotario Hlotario NNP 12162 520 27 magno magno NN 12162 520 28 Imperatore Imperatore NNP 12162 520 29 " " '' 12162 520 30 ; ; : 12162 520 31 and and CC 12162 520 32 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 520 33 powers power NNS 12162 520 34 are be VBP 12162 520 35 several several JJ 12162 520 36 times time NNS 12162 520 37 referred refer VBN 12162 520 38 to to IN 12162 520 39 as as IN 12162 520 40 being be VBG 12162 520 41 " " `` 12162 520 42 juxta juxta NNP 12162 520 43 jussionem jussionem NN 12162 520 44 et et FW 12162 520 45 Indiculum Indiculum NNP 12162 520 46 Domni Domni NNP 12162 520 47 Imperatoris Imperatoris NNP 12162 520 48 . . . 12162 520 49 " " '' 12162 521 1 Here here RB 12162 521 2 , , , 12162 521 3 as as IN 12162 521 4 in in IN 12162 521 5 all all DT 12162 521 6 other other JJ 12162 521 7 similar similar JJ 12162 521 8 cases case NNS 12162 521 9 , , , 12162 521 10 we -PRON- PRP 12162 521 11 see see VBP 12162 521 12 plainly plainly RB 12162 521 13 that that IN 12162 521 14 there there EX 12162 521 15 is be VBZ 12162 521 16 no no DT 12162 521 17 indication indication NN 12162 521 18 of of IN 12162 521 19 any any DT 12162 521 20 purely purely RB 12162 521 21 personal personal JJ 12162 521 22 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 521 23 . . . 12162 522 1 That that IN 12162 522 2 the the DT 12162 522 3 influence influence NN 12162 522 4 of of IN 12162 522 5 the the DT 12162 522 6 bishop bishop NN 12162 522 7 in in IN 12162 522 8 affairs affair NNS 12162 522 9 of of IN 12162 522 10 state state NN 12162 522 11 at at IN 12162 522 12 this this DT 12162 522 13 period period NN 12162 522 14 was be VBD 12162 522 15 only only RB 12162 522 16 of of IN 12162 522 17 an an DT 12162 522 18 individual individual JJ 12162 522 19 , , , 12162 522 20 extra extra JJ 12162 522 21 - - HYPH 12162 522 22 official official JJ 12162 522 23 character character NN 12162 522 24 can can MD 12162 522 25 be be VB 12162 522 26 seen see VBN 12162 522 27 also also RB 12162 522 28 from from IN 12162 522 29 the the DT 12162 522 30 fact fact NN 12162 522 31 that that IN 12162 522 32 the the DT 12162 522 33 king king NN 12162 522 34 considered consider VBD 12162 522 35 the the DT 12162 522 36 bishops bishop NNS 12162 522 37 themselves -PRON- PRP 12162 522 38 to to TO 12162 522 39 be be VB 12162 522 40 under under IN 12162 522 41 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 522 42 judicial judicial JJ 12162 522 43 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 522 44 in in IN 12162 522 45 all all DT 12162 522 46 secular secular JJ 12162 522 47 matters matter NNS 12162 522 48 , , , 12162 522 49 just just RB 12162 522 50 as as IN 12162 522 51 the the DT 12162 522 52 lesser less JJR 12162 522 53 clergy clergy NNS 12162 522 54 came come VBD 12162 522 55 under under IN 12162 522 56 the the DT 12162 522 57 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 522 58 of of IN 12162 522 59 the the DT 12162 522 60 _ _ NNP 12162 522 61 judices_:[81 judices_:[81 NN 12162 522 62 ] ] -RRB- 12162 522 63 and and CC 12162 522 64 further far RBR 12162 522 65 , , , 12162 522 66 that that IN 12162 522 67 after after IN 12162 522 68 the the DT 12162 522 69 election election NN 12162 522 70 to to IN 12162 522 71 a a DT 12162 522 72 church church NN 12162 522 73 , , , 12162 522 74 the the DT 12162 522 75 decision decision NN 12162 522 76 of of IN 12162 522 77 the the DT 12162 522 78 _ _ NNP 12162 522 79 judex judex NN 12162 522 80 _ _ NNP 12162 522 81 must must MD 12162 522 82 confirm confirm VB 12162 522 83 the the DT 12162 522 84 choice choice NN 12162 522 85 of of IN 12162 522 86 the the DT 12162 522 87 community community NN 12162 522 88 in in IN 12162 522 89 order order NN 12162 522 90 to to TO 12162 522 91 render render VB 12162 522 92 it -PRON- PRP 12162 522 93 valid valid JJ 12162 522 94 . . . 12162 523 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 523 2 82 82 CD 12162 523 3 ] ] -RRB- 12162 523 4 All all DT 12162 523 5 disputes dispute NNS 12162 523 6 also also RB 12162 523 7 between between IN 12162 523 8 bishops bishop NNS 12162 523 9 and and CC 12162 523 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 523 11 clergy clergy NNS 12162 523 12 , , , 12162 523 13 between between IN 12162 523 14 members member NNS 12162 523 15 of of IN 12162 523 16 the the DT 12162 523 17 body body NN 12162 523 18 of of IN 12162 523 19 clergy clergy NNP 12162 523 20 , , , 12162 523 21 and and CC 12162 523 22 between between IN 12162 523 23 these these DT 12162 523 24 and and CC 12162 523 25 members member NNS 12162 523 26 of of IN 12162 523 27 the the DT 12162 523 28 laity laity NN 12162 523 29 , , , 12162 523 30 were be VBD 12162 523 31 settled settle VBN 12162 523 32 by by IN 12162 523 33 the the DT 12162 523 34 royal royal NN 12162 523 35 authority;[83 authority;[83 NNP 12162 523 36 ] ] -RRB- 12162 523 37 and and CC 12162 523 38 what what WP 12162 523 39 is be VBZ 12162 523 40 most most RBS 12162 523 41 significant significant JJ 12162 523 42 , , , 12162 523 43 there there EX 12162 523 44 was be VBD 12162 523 45 a a DT 12162 523 46 universal universal JJ 12162 523 47 and and CC 12162 523 48 freely freely RB 12162 523 49 used use VBN 12162 523 50 right right NN 12162 523 51 of of IN 12162 523 52 appeal appeal NN 12162 523 53 for for IN 12162 523 54 the the DT 12162 523 55 clergy clergy NN 12162 523 56 or or CC 12162 523 57 laity laity NN 12162 523 58 from from IN 12162 523 59 the the DT 12162 523 60 decision decision NN 12162 523 61 of of IN 12162 523 62 a a DT 12162 523 63 bishop bishop NN 12162 523 64 to to IN 12162 523 65 the the DT 12162 523 66 person person NN 12162 523 67 of of IN 12162 523 68 the the DT 12162 523 69 king king NN 12162 523 70 , , , 12162 523 71 who who WP 12162 523 72 seems seem VBZ 12162 523 73 to to TO 12162 523 74 have have VB 12162 523 75 exhibited exhibit VBN 12162 523 76 no no DT 12162 523 77 hesitation hesitation NN 12162 523 78 in in IN 12162 523 79 modifying modify VBG 12162 523 80 or or CC 12162 523 81 reversing reverse VBG 12162 523 82 sentences sentence NNS 12162 523 83 , , , 12162 523 84 even even RB 12162 523 85 in in IN 12162 523 86 matters matter NNS 12162 523 87 relating relate VBG 12162 523 88 to to IN 12162 523 89 purely purely RB 12162 523 90 clerical clerical JJ 12162 523 91 discipline discipline NN 12162 523 92 . . . 12162 524 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 524 2 84 84 CD 12162 524 3 ] ] -RRB- 12162 524 4 Even even RB 12162 524 5 in in IN 12162 524 6 the the DT 12162 524 7 time time NN 12162 524 8 of of IN 12162 524 9 the the DT 12162 524 10 Franks Franks NNPS 12162 524 11 , , , 12162 524 12 when when WRB 12162 524 13 the the DT 12162 524 14 consideration consideration NN 12162 524 15 shown show VBN 12162 524 16 to to IN 12162 524 17 the the DT 12162 524 18 church church NN 12162 524 19 and and CC 12162 524 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 524 21 representatives representative NNS 12162 524 22 was be VBD 12162 524 23 much much RB 12162 524 24 greater great JJR 12162 524 25 than than IN 12162 524 26 under under IN 12162 524 27 any any DT 12162 524 28 of of IN 12162 524 29 the the DT 12162 524 30 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 524 31 kings king NNS 12162 524 32 , , , 12162 524 33 we -PRON- PRP 12162 524 34 find find VBP 12162 524 35 Charlemagne,[85 Charlemagne,[85 NNP 12162 524 36 ] ] -RRB- 12162 524 37 on on IN 12162 524 38 suspicion suspicion NN 12162 524 39 of of IN 12162 524 40 infidelity infidelity NN 12162 524 41 to to IN 12162 524 42 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 524 43 government government NN 12162 524 44 , , , 12162 524 45 having have VBG 12162 524 46 sent send VBN 12162 524 47 to to IN 12162 524 48 him -PRON- PRP 12162 524 49 and and CC 12162 524 50 retaining retain VBG 12162 524 51 as as IN 12162 524 52 prisoners prisoner NNS 12162 524 53 the the DT 12162 524 54 bishops bishop NNS 12162 524 55 " " `` 12162 524 56 Civitatis Civitatis NNP 12162 524 57 Pisanae Pisanae NNP 12162 524 58 seu seu NN 12162 524 59 Lencanae Lencanae NNP 12162 524 60 " " '' 12162 524 61 and and CC 12162 524 62 Pottoni Pottoni NNP 12162 524 63 , , , 12162 524 64 Abbot Abbot NNP 12162 524 65 of of IN 12162 524 66 the the DT 12162 524 67 monastery monastery NN 12162 524 68 of of IN 12162 524 69 Volturno Volturno NNP 12162 524 70 ; ; : 12162 524 71 and and CC 12162 524 72 Lewis Lewis NNP 12162 524 73 the the DT 12162 524 74 Pious[86 pious[86 CD 12162 524 75 ] ] -RRB- 12162 524 76 sends send VBZ 12162 524 77 into into IN 12162 524 78 exile exile NN 12162 524 79 " " `` 12162 524 80 Ermoldo Ermoldo NNP 12162 524 81 Nigello Nigello NNP 12162 524 82 Abatis Abatis NNP 12162 524 83 , , , 12162 524 84 " " '' 12162 524 85 and and CC 12162 524 86 in in IN 12162 524 87 the the DT 12162 524 88 year year NN 12162 524 89 818 818 CD 12162 524 90 several several JJ 12162 524 91 other other JJ 12162 524 92 bishops bishop NNS 12162 524 93 , , , 12162 524 94 including include VBG 12162 524 95 Anselmus Anselmus NNP 12162 524 96 " " `` 12162 524 97 Mediolanensis Mediolanensis NNP 12162 524 98 Archiepiscopus Archiepiscopus NNP 12162 524 99 , , , 12162 524 100 " " '' 12162 524 101 " " `` 12162 524 102 Wolfoldus Wolfoldus NNP 12162 524 103 Cremonensis Cremonensis NNP 12162 524 104 " " '' 12162 524 105 and and CC 12162 524 106 " " `` 12162 524 107 Theodolphus Theodolphus NNP 12162 524 108 Amelianensis Amelianensis NNP 12162 524 109 . . . 12162 525 1 " " `` 12162 525 2 [ [ -LRB- 12162 525 3 87 87 CD 12162 525 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 525 5 None none NN 12162 525 6 of of IN 12162 525 7 these these DT 12162 525 8 restrictions restriction NNS 12162 525 9 and and CC 12162 525 10 limitations limitation NNS 12162 525 11 , , , 12162 525 12 however however RB 12162 525 13 , , , 12162 525 14 although although IN 12162 525 15 they -PRON- PRP 12162 525 16 arose arise VBD 12162 525 17 chiefly chiefly RB 12162 525 18 from from IN 12162 525 19 the the DT 12162 525 20 strong strong JJ 12162 525 21 opposition opposition NN 12162 525 22 always always RB 12162 525 23 existing exist VBG 12162 525 24 between between IN 12162 525 25 the the DT 12162 525 26 local local JJ 12162 525 27 temporal temporal JJ 12162 525 28 rulers ruler NNS 12162 525 29 of of IN 12162 525 30 the the DT 12162 525 31 people people NNS 12162 525 32 and and CC 12162 525 33 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 525 34 spiritual spiritual JJ 12162 525 35 rulers ruler NNS 12162 525 36 , , , 12162 525 37 could could MD 12162 525 38 hinder hinder VB 12162 525 39 the the DT 12162 525 40 bishops bishop NNS 12162 525 41 from from IN 12162 525 42 occupying occupy VBG 12162 525 43 that that IN 12162 525 44 important important JJ 12162 525 45 position position NN 12162 525 46 of of IN 12162 525 47 mediators mediator NNS 12162 525 48 and and CC 12162 525 49 of of IN 12162 525 50 protectors protector NNS 12162 525 51 of of IN 12162 525 52 the the DT 12162 525 53 people people NNS 12162 525 54 which which WDT 12162 525 55 we -PRON- PRP 12162 525 56 have have VBP 12162 525 57 ascribed ascribe VBN 12162 525 58 to to IN 12162 525 59 them -PRON- PRP 12162 525 60 . . . 12162 526 1 Turning turn VBG 12162 526 2 now now RB 12162 526 3 to to IN 12162 526 4 a a DT 12162 526 5 consideration consideration NN 12162 526 6 of of IN 12162 526 7 the the DT 12162 526 8 earliest early JJS 12162 526 9 steps step NNS 12162 526 10 which which WDT 12162 526 11 may may MD 12162 526 12 be be VB 12162 526 13 said say VBN 12162 526 14 to to TO 12162 526 15 have have VB 12162 526 16 cleared clear VBN 12162 526 17 the the DT 12162 526 18 way way NN 12162 526 19 for for IN 12162 526 20 the the DT 12162 526 21 political political JJ 12162 526 22 power power NN 12162 526 23 of of IN 12162 526 24 the the DT 12162 526 25 bishops bishop NNS 12162 526 26 , , , 12162 526 27 we -PRON- PRP 12162 526 28 are be VBP 12162 526 29 met meet VBN 12162 526 30 by by IN 12162 526 31 a a DT 12162 526 32 subject subject NN 12162 526 33 which which WDT 12162 526 34 , , , 12162 526 35 though though IN 12162 526 36 of of IN 12162 526 37 great great JJ 12162 526 38 interest interest NN 12162 526 39 in in IN 12162 526 40 itself -PRON- PRP 12162 526 41 , , , 12162 526 42 is be VBZ 12162 526 43 not not RB 12162 526 44 sufficiently sufficiently RB 12162 526 45 a a DT 12162 526 46 part part NN 12162 526 47 of of IN 12162 526 48 this this DT 12162 526 49 investigation investigation NN 12162 526 50 for for IN 12162 526 51 us -PRON- PRP 12162 526 52 to to TO 12162 526 53 do do VB 12162 526 54 more more JJR 12162 526 55 than than IN 12162 526 56 indicate indicate VB 12162 526 57 the the DT 12162 526 58 lines line NNS 12162 526 59 of of IN 12162 526 60 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 526 61 progress progress NN 12162 526 62 . . . 12162 527 1 This this DT 12162 527 2 subject subject NN 12162 527 3 is be VBZ 12162 527 4 the the DT 12162 527 5 development development NN 12162 527 6 of of IN 12162 527 7 the the DT 12162 527 8 practice practice NN 12162 527 9 of of IN 12162 527 10 giving give VBG 12162 527 11 certain certain JJ 12162 527 12 immunities immunity NNS 12162 527 13 and and CC 12162 527 14 privileges privilege NNS 12162 527 15 to to IN 12162 527 16 churches church NNS 12162 527 17 and and CC 12162 527 18 monasteries monastery NNS 12162 527 19 , , , 12162 527 20 adopted adopt VBN 12162 527 21 by by IN 12162 527 22 the the DT 12162 527 23 Frankish frankish JJ 12162 527 24 kings king NNS 12162 527 25 , , , 12162 527 26 faithful faithful JJ 12162 527 27 sons son NNS 12162 527 28 of of IN 12162 527 29 the the DT 12162 527 30 church church NN 12162 527 31 , , , 12162 527 32 and and CC 12162 527 33 then then RB 12162 527 34 followed follow VBN 12162 527 35 by by IN 12162 527 36 all all DT 12162 527 37 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 527 38 royal royal JJ 12162 527 39 and and CC 12162 527 40 imperial imperial JJ 12162 527 41 successors successor NNS 12162 527 42 . . . 12162 528 1 In in IN 12162 528 2 considering consider VBG 12162 528 3 the the DT 12162 528 4 important important JJ 12162 528 5 influence influence NN 12162 528 6 exercised exercise VBN 12162 528 7 by by IN 12162 528 8 these these DT 12162 528 9 immunities immunity NNS 12162 528 10 on on IN 12162 528 11 the the DT 12162 528 12 development development NN 12162 528 13 of of IN 12162 528 14 the the DT 12162 528 15 espiscopal espiscopal JJ 12162 528 16 power power NN 12162 528 17 and and CC 12162 528 18 the the DT 12162 528 19 effects effect NNS 12162 528 20 of of IN 12162 528 21 this this DT 12162 528 22 on on IN 12162 528 23 the the DT 12162 528 24 growth growth NN 12162 528 25 of of IN 12162 528 26 the the DT 12162 528 27 communes commune NNS 12162 528 28 , , , 12162 528 29 there there EX 12162 528 30 are be VBP 12162 528 31 two two CD 12162 528 32 essential essential JJ 12162 528 33 facts fact NNS 12162 528 34 which which WDT 12162 528 35 we -PRON- PRP 12162 528 36 must must MD 12162 528 37 always always RB 12162 528 38 keep keep VB 12162 528 39 prominently prominently RB 12162 528 40 in in IN 12162 528 41 mind mind NN 12162 528 42 . . . 12162 529 1 In in IN 12162 529 2 the the DT 12162 529 3 first first JJ 12162 529 4 place place NN 12162 529 5 we -PRON- PRP 12162 529 6 must must MD 12162 529 7 remember remember VB 12162 529 8 that that IN 12162 529 9 the the DT 12162 529 10 granting granting NN 12162 529 11 of of IN 12162 529 12 immunities immunity NNS 12162 529 13 was be VBD 12162 529 14 a a DT 12162 529 15 question question NN 12162 529 16 of of IN 12162 529 17 privilege privilege NN 12162 529 18 to to IN 12162 529 19 particular particular JJ 12162 529 20 individuals individual NNS 12162 529 21 or or CC 12162 529 22 ecclesiastical ecclesiastical JJ 12162 529 23 institutions institution NNS 12162 529 24 , , , 12162 529 25 and and CC 12162 529 26 not not RB 12162 529 27 a a DT 12162 529 28 universal universal JJ 12162 529 29 grant grant NN 12162 529 30 which which WDT 12162 529 31 affected affect VBD 12162 529 32 in in IN 12162 529 33 an an DT 12162 529 34 equal equal JJ 12162 529 35 degree degree NN 12162 529 36 all all PDT 12162 529 37 the the DT 12162 529 38 dioceses diocese NNS 12162 529 39 of of IN 12162 529 40 the the DT 12162 529 41 realm realm NN 12162 529 42 . . . 12162 530 1 This this DT 12162 530 2 led lead VBD 12162 530 3 to to IN 12162 530 4 the the DT 12162 530 5 marked mark VBN 12162 530 6 differences difference NNS 12162 530 7 in in IN 12162 530 8 rank rank NN 12162 530 9 and and CC 12162 530 10 importance importance NN 12162 530 11 which which WDT 12162 530 12 existed exist VBD 12162 530 13 between between IN 12162 530 14 the the DT 12162 530 15 various various JJ 12162 530 16 bishoprics bishopric NNS 12162 530 17 , , , 12162 530 18 and and CC 12162 530 19 in in IN 12162 530 20 the the DT 12162 530 21 tenth tenth JJ 12162 530 22 century century NN 12162 530 23 , , , 12162 530 24 when when WRB 12162 530 25 the the DT 12162 530 26 temporal temporal JJ 12162 530 27 power power NN 12162 530 28 became become VBD 12162 530 29 in in IN 12162 530 30 many many JJ 12162 530 31 cases case NNS 12162 530 32 an an DT 12162 530 33 adjunct adjunct NN 12162 530 34 to to IN 12162 530 35 the the DT 12162 530 36 spiritual spiritual NN 12162 530 37 , , , 12162 530 38 caused cause VBD 12162 530 39 some some DT 12162 530 40 bishops bishop NNS 12162 530 41 to to TO 12162 530 42 become become VB 12162 530 43 powerful powerful JJ 12162 530 44 temporal temporal JJ 12162 530 45 princes prince NNS 12162 530 46 , , , 12162 530 47 while while IN 12162 530 48 others other NNS 12162 530 49 , , , 12162 530 50 unable unable JJ 12162 530 51 to to TO 12162 530 52 gain gain VB 12162 530 53 this this DT 12162 530 54 pre pre NN 12162 530 55 - - NN 12162 530 56 eminence eminence NN 12162 530 57 , , , 12162 530 58 remained remain VBD 12162 530 59 simply simply RB 12162 530 60 spiritual spiritual JJ 12162 530 61 heads head NNS 12162 530 62 of of IN 12162 530 63 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 530 64 respective respective JJ 12162 530 65 dioceses diocese NNS 12162 530 66 . . . 12162 531 1 So so RB 12162 531 2 in in IN 12162 531 3 the the DT 12162 531 4 contest contest NN 12162 531 5 between between IN 12162 531 6 the the DT 12162 531 7 counts count NNS 12162 531 8 and and CC 12162 531 9 the the DT 12162 531 10 bishops bishop NNS 12162 531 11 we -PRON- PRP 12162 531 12 find find VBP 12162 531 13 the the DT 12162 531 14 latter latter JJ 12162 531 15 only only RB 12162 531 16 victorious victorious JJ 12162 531 17 in in IN 12162 531 18 certain certain JJ 12162 531 19 cases case NNS 12162 531 20 , , , 12162 531 21 and and CC 12162 531 22 consequently consequently RB 12162 531 23 having have VBG 12162 531 24 only only RB 12162 531 25 certain certain JJ 12162 531 26 of of IN 12162 531 27 the the DT 12162 531 28 cities city NNS 12162 531 29 under under IN 12162 531 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 531 31 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 531 32 ; ; : 12162 531 33 a a DT 12162 531 34 fact fact NN 12162 531 35 which which WDT 12162 531 36 is be VBZ 12162 531 37 illustrated illustrate VBN 12162 531 38 as as RB 12162 531 39 late late RB 12162 531 40 as as IN 12162 531 41 the the DT 12162 531 42 Peace Peace NNP 12162 531 43 of of IN 12162 531 44 Constance Constance NNP 12162 531 45 , , , 12162 531 46 where where WRB 12162 531 47 in in IN 12162 531 48 the the DT 12162 531 49 ninth ninth JJ 12162 531 50 article article NN 12162 531 51 the the DT 12162 531 52 cities city NNS 12162 531 53 are be VBP 12162 531 54 still still RB 12162 531 55 divided divide VBN 12162 531 56 into into IN 12162 531 57 episcopal episcopal JJ 12162 531 58 and and CC 12162 531 59 non non JJ 12162 531 60 - - JJ 12162 531 61 episcopal episcopal JJ 12162 531 62 cities city NNS 12162 531 63 . . . 12162 532 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 532 2 88 88 CD 12162 532 3 ] ] -RRB- 12162 532 4 In in IN 12162 532 5 the the DT 12162 532 6 second second JJ 12162 532 7 place place NN 12162 532 8 we -PRON- PRP 12162 532 9 must must MD 12162 532 10 keep keep VB 12162 532 11 clearly clearly RB 12162 532 12 before before IN 12162 532 13 us -PRON- PRP 12162 532 14 an an DT 12162 532 15 important important JJ 12162 532 16 fact fact NN 12162 532 17 , , , 12162 532 18 the the DT 12162 532 19 truth truth NN 12162 532 20 of of IN 12162 532 21 which which WDT 12162 532 22 any any DT 12162 532 23 chronological chronological JJ 12162 532 24 account account NN 12162 532 25 of of IN 12162 532 26 the the DT 12162 532 27 development development NN 12162 532 28 of of IN 12162 532 29 the the DT 12162 532 30 principle principle NN 12162 532 31 of of IN 12162 532 32 immunity immunity NN 12162 532 33 would would MD 12162 532 34 easily easily RB 12162 532 35 demonstrate demonstrate VB 12162 532 36 , , , 12162 532 37 namely namely RB 12162 532 38 , , , 12162 532 39 that that IN 12162 532 40 with with IN 12162 532 41 the the DT 12162 532 42 advance advance NN 12162 532 43 of of IN 12162 532 44 time time NN 12162 532 45 and and CC 12162 532 46 with with IN 12162 532 47 the the DT 12162 532 48 growth growth NN 12162 532 49 of of IN 12162 532 50 that that DT 12162 532 51 principle principle NN 12162 532 52 , , , 12162 532 53 the the DT 12162 532 54 changes change NNS 12162 532 55 which which WDT 12162 532 56 took take VBD 12162 532 57 place place NN 12162 532 58 in in IN 12162 532 59 the the DT 12162 532 60 different different JJ 12162 532 61 sorts sort NNS 12162 532 62 of of IN 12162 532 63 immunities immunity NNS 12162 532 64 were be VBD 12162 532 65 not not RB 12162 532 66 simply simply RB 12162 532 67 those those DT 12162 532 68 of of IN 12162 532 69 degree degree NN 12162 532 70 , , , 12162 532 71 but but CC 12162 532 72 essentially essentially RB 12162 532 73 and and CC 12162 532 74 principally principally RB 12162 532 75 those those DT 12162 532 76 of of IN 12162 532 77 _ _ NNP 12162 532 78 kind kind NN 12162 532 79 _ _ NNP 12162 532 80 . . . 12162 533 1 A a DT 12162 533 2 descendant descendant NN 12162 533 3 of of IN 12162 533 4 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 12162 533 5 may may MD 12162 533 6 have have VB 12162 533 7 granted grant VBN 12162 533 8 to to IN 12162 533 9 some some DT 12162 533 10 monastery monastery NN 12162 533 11 or or CC 12162 533 12 bishopric bishopric VB 12162 533 13 a a DT 12162 533 14 greater great JJR 12162 533 15 alleviation alleviation NN 12162 533 16 of of IN 12162 533 17 some some DT 12162 533 18 of of IN 12162 533 19 the the DT 12162 533 20 fiscal fiscal JJ 12162 533 21 burdens burden NNS 12162 533 22 borne bear VBN 12162 533 23 by by IN 12162 533 24 it -PRON- PRP 12162 533 25 under under IN 12162 533 26 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 533 27 immediate immediate JJ 12162 533 28 predecessor predecessor NN 12162 533 29 , , , 12162 533 30 but but CC 12162 533 31 a a DT 12162 533 32 successor successor NN 12162 533 33 of of IN 12162 533 34 Berenger Berenger NNP 12162 533 35 when when WRB 12162 533 36 he -PRON- PRP 12162 533 37 granted grant VBD 12162 533 38 a a DT 12162 533 39 _ _ NNP 12162 533 40 privilegium privilegium NN 12162 533 41 _ _ NNP 12162 533 42 did do VBD 12162 533 43 not not RB 12162 533 44 simply simply RB 12162 533 45 perform perform VB 12162 533 46 the the DT 12162 533 47 negative negative JJ 12162 533 48 benefit benefit NN 12162 533 49 of of IN 12162 533 50 alleviating alleviate VBG 12162 533 51 burdens burden NNS 12162 533 52 ; ; : 12162 533 53 he -PRON- PRP 12162 533 54 endowed endow VBD 12162 533 55 the the DT 12162 533 56 head head NN 12162 533 57 of of IN 12162 533 58 the the DT 12162 533 59 bishopric bishopric NN 12162 533 60 -- -- : 12162 533 61 probably probably RB 12162 533 62 in in IN 12162 533 63 return return NN 12162 533 64 for for IN 12162 533 65 some some DT 12162 533 66 service service NN 12162 533 67 he -PRON- PRP 12162 533 68 had have VBD 12162 533 69 received receive VBN 12162 533 70 at at IN 12162 533 71 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 533 72 hands hand NNS 12162 533 73 or or CC 12162 533 74 expected expect VBN 12162 533 75 to to TO 12162 533 76 receive receive VB 12162 533 77 -- -- : 12162 533 78 with with IN 12162 533 79 the the DT 12162 533 80 positive positive JJ 12162 533 81 benefit benefit NN 12162 533 82 of of IN 12162 533 83 the the DT 12162 533 84 political political JJ 12162 533 85 headship headship NN 12162 533 86 and and CC 12162 533 87 possession possession NN 12162 533 88 of of IN 12162 533 89 some some DT 12162 533 90 city city NN 12162 533 91 or or CC 12162 533 92 district district NN 12162 533 93 of of IN 12162 533 94 a a DT 12162 533 95 former former JJ 12162 533 96 count count NN 12162 533 97 . . . 12162 534 1 I -PRON- PRP 12162 534 2 mean mean VBP 12162 534 3 by by IN 12162 534 4 this this DT 12162 534 5 that that IN 12162 534 6 the the DT 12162 534 7 earlier early JJR 12162 534 8 immunities immunity NNS 12162 534 9 -- -- : 12162 534 10 and and CC 12162 534 11 in in IN 12162 534 12 these these DT 12162 534 13 are be VBP 12162 534 14 included include VBN 12162 534 15 all all DT 12162 534 16 given give VBN 12162 534 17 during during IN 12162 534 18 the the DT 12162 534 19 period period NN 12162 534 20 we -PRON- PRP 12162 534 21 are be VBP 12162 534 22 discussing discuss VBG 12162 534 23 -- -- : 12162 534 24 were be VBD 12162 534 25 all all DT 12162 534 26 of of IN 12162 534 27 them -PRON- PRP 12162 534 28 what what WP 12162 534 29 are be VBP 12162 534 30 termed term VBN 12162 534 31 simple simple JJ 12162 534 32 or or CC 12162 534 33 ordinary ordinary JJ 12162 534 34 immunities immunity NNS 12162 534 35 ; ; : 12162 534 36 that that RB 12162 534 37 is is RB 12162 534 38 , , , 12162 534 39 those those DT 12162 534 40 which which WDT 12162 534 41 deal deal VBP 12162 534 42 with with IN 12162 534 43 exemption exemption NN 12162 534 44 -- -- : 12162 534 45 whether whether IN 12162 534 46 from from IN 12162 534 47 burdens burden NNS 12162 534 48 for for IN 12162 534 49 which which WDT 12162 534 50 the the DT 12162 534 51 receivers receiver NNS 12162 534 52 would would MD 12162 534 53 otherwise otherwise RB 12162 534 54 be be VB 12162 534 55 liable liable JJ 12162 534 56 , , , 12162 534 57 or or CC 12162 534 58 from from IN 12162 534 59 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 534 60 to to TO 12162 534 61 which which WDT 12162 534 62 they -PRON- PRP 12162 534 63 would would MD 12162 534 64 otherwise otherwise RB 12162 534 65 have have VB 12162 534 66 been be VBN 12162 534 67 subjected subject VBN 12162 534 68 -- -- : 12162 534 69 of of IN 12162 534 70 what what WP 12162 534 71 may may MD 12162 534 72 properly properly RB 12162 534 73 be be VB 12162 534 74 called call VBN 12162 534 75 the the DT 12162 534 76 private private JJ 12162 534 77 possessions possession NNS 12162 534 78 of of IN 12162 534 79 the the DT 12162 534 80 churches church NNS 12162 534 81 concerned concern VBN 12162 534 82 . . . 12162 535 1 They -PRON- PRP 12162 535 2 had have VBD 12162 535 3 nothing nothing NN 12162 535 4 to to TO 12162 535 5 do do VB 12162 535 6 with with IN 12162 535 7 the the DT 12162 535 8 privileges privilege NNS 12162 535 9 of of IN 12162 535 10 a a DT 12162 535 11 later later JJ 12162 535 12 time time NN 12162 535 13 , , , 12162 535 14 by by IN 12162 535 15 which which WDT 12162 535 16 a a DT 12162 535 17 power power NN 12162 535 18 to to TO 12162 535 19 exact exact JJ 12162 535 20 burdens burden NNS 12162 535 21 was be VBD 12162 535 22 granted grant VBN 12162 535 23 and and CC 12162 535 24 a a DT 12162 535 25 positive positive JJ 12162 535 26 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 535 27 over over IN 12162 535 28 others other NNS 12162 535 29 allowed allow VBN 12162 535 30 : : : 12162 535 31 that that DT 12162 535 32 is be VBZ 12162 535 33 , , , 12162 535 34 public public JJ 12162 535 35 functions function NNS 12162 535 36 bestowed bestow VBN 12162 535 37 rather rather RB 12162 535 38 than than IN 12162 535 39 private private JJ 12162 535 40 rights right NNS 12162 535 41 conceded concede VBN 12162 535 42 . . . 12162 536 1 That that IN 12162 536 2 a a DT 12162 536 3 distinction distinction NN 12162 536 4 of of IN 12162 536 5 such such PDT 12162 536 6 a a DT 12162 536 7 character character NN 12162 536 8 was be VBD 12162 536 9 a a DT 12162 536 10 difference difference NN 12162 536 11 of of IN 12162 536 12 kind kind NN 12162 536 13 and and CC 12162 536 14 not not RB 12162 536 15 of of IN 12162 536 16 degree degree NN 12162 536 17 is be VBZ 12162 536 18 so so RB 12162 536 19 plainly plainly RB 12162 536 20 apparent apparent JJ 12162 536 21 that that IN 12162 536 22 it -PRON- PRP 12162 536 23 is be VBZ 12162 536 24 unnecessary unnecessary JJ 12162 536 25 to to TO 12162 536 26 dwell dwell VB 12162 536 27 longer long RBR 12162 536 28 upon upon IN 12162 536 29 it -PRON- PRP 12162 536 30 , , , 12162 536 31 and and CC 12162 536 32 it -PRON- PRP 12162 536 33 only only RB 12162 536 34 remains remain VBZ 12162 536 35 for for IN 12162 536 36 us -PRON- PRP 12162 536 37 to to TO 12162 536 38 consider consider VB 12162 536 39 briefly briefly RB 12162 536 40 the the DT 12162 536 41 chronology chronology NN 12162 536 42 of of IN 12162 536 43 some some DT 12162 536 44 of of IN 12162 536 45 the the DT 12162 536 46 changes change NNS 12162 536 47 that that WDT 12162 536 48 took take VBD 12162 536 49 place place NN 12162 536 50 . . . 12162 537 1 If if IN 12162 537 2 we -PRON- PRP 12162 537 3 adhere adhere VBP 12162 537 4 strictly strictly RB 12162 537 5 to to IN 12162 537 6 the the DT 12162 537 7 proper proper JJ 12162 537 8 signification signification NN 12162 537 9 of of IN 12162 537 10 the the DT 12162 537 11 terms term NNS 12162 537 12 used use VBN 12162 537 13 , , , 12162 537 14 the the DT 12162 537 15 development development NN 12162 537 16 can can MD 12162 537 17 be be VB 12162 537 18 somewhat somewhat RB 12162 537 19 succinctly succinctly RB 12162 537 20 described describe VBN 12162 537 21 by by IN 12162 537 22 the the DT 12162 537 23 simple simple JJ 12162 537 24 enumeration enumeration NN 12162 537 25 of of IN 12162 537 26 the the DT 12162 537 27 three three CD 12162 537 28 characteristic characteristic JJ 12162 537 29 features feature NNS 12162 537 30 of of IN 12162 537 31 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 537 32 progress progress NN 12162 537 33 , , , 12162 537 34 viz viz NN 12162 537 35 . . . 12162 538 1 _ _ NNP 12162 538 2 protection protection NN 12162 538 3 , , , 12162 538 4 exemption exemption NN 12162 538 5 , , , 12162 538 6 privilege privilege NN 12162 538 7 _ _ NNP 12162 538 8 that that DT 12162 538 9 is be VBZ 12162 538 10 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 538 11 or or CC 12162 538 12 temporal temporal JJ 12162 538 13 power power NN 12162 538 14 ; ; : 12162 538 15 and and CC 12162 538 16 the the DT 12162 538 17 three three CD 12162 538 18 periods period NNS 12162 538 19 which which WDT 12162 538 20 are be VBP 12162 538 21 covered cover VBN 12162 538 22 respectively respectively RB 12162 538 23 by by IN 12162 538 24 the the DT 12162 538 25 prominence prominence NN 12162 538 26 of of IN 12162 538 27 these these DT 12162 538 28 ideas idea NNS 12162 538 29 can can MD 12162 538 30 be be VB 12162 538 31 roughly roughly RB 12162 538 32 stated state VBN 12162 538 33 to to TO 12162 538 34 be be VB 12162 538 35 : : : 12162 538 36 for for IN 12162 538 37 the the DT 12162 538 38 first first JJ 12162 538 39 , , , 12162 538 40 the the DT 12162 538 41 reigns reign NNS 12162 538 42 of of IN 12162 538 43 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 12162 538 44 and and CC 12162 538 45 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 538 46 successors successor NNS 12162 538 47 down down RP 12162 538 48 to to IN 12162 538 49 the the DT 12162 538 50 time time NN 12162 538 51 of of IN 12162 538 52 Charles Charles NNP 12162 538 53 the the DT 12162 538 54 Bald Bald NNP 12162 538 55 -- -- : 12162 538 56 including include VBG 12162 538 57 any any DT 12162 538 58 indication indication NN 12162 538 59 of of IN 12162 538 60 this this DT 12162 538 61 idea idea NN 12162 538 62 which which WDT 12162 538 63 we -PRON- PRP 12162 538 64 may may MD 12162 538 65 find find VB 12162 538 66 during during IN 12162 538 67 the the DT 12162 538 68 reigns reign NNS 12162 538 69 of of IN 12162 538 70 the the DT 12162 538 71 last last JJ 12162 538 72 rulers ruler NNS 12162 538 73 of of IN 12162 538 74 the the DT 12162 538 75 first first JJ 12162 538 76 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 538 77 kingdom kingdom NN 12162 538 78 ; ; : 12162 538 79 for for IN 12162 538 80 the the DT 12162 538 81 second second JJ 12162 538 82 , , , 12162 538 83 the the DT 12162 538 84 reigns reign NNS 12162 538 85 of of IN 12162 538 86 Charles Charles NNP 12162 538 87 the the DT 12162 538 88 Bald Bald NNP 12162 538 89 , , , 12162 538 90 Karloman Karloman NNP 12162 538 91 , , , 12162 538 92 and and CC 12162 538 93 Charles Charles NNP 12162 538 94 the the DT 12162 538 95 Fat fat NN 12162 538 96 ; ; : 12162 538 97 and and CC 12162 538 98 for for IN 12162 538 99 the the DT 12162 538 100 third third JJ 12162 538 101 , , , 12162 538 102 the the DT 12162 538 103 full full JJ 12162 538 104 development development NN 12162 538 105 of of IN 12162 538 106 the the DT 12162 538 107 episcopal episcopal JJ 12162 538 108 power power NN 12162 538 109 in in IN 12162 538 110 the the DT 12162 538 111 tenth tenth JJ 12162 538 112 century century NN 12162 538 113 , , , 12162 538 114 down down RB 12162 538 115 to to IN 12162 538 116 the the DT 12162 538 117 period period NN 12162 538 118 of of IN 12162 538 119 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 538 120 final final JJ 12162 538 121 decline decline NN 12162 538 122 , , , 12162 538 123 and and CC 12162 538 124 the the DT 12162 538 125 rise rise NN 12162 538 126 of of IN 12162 538 127 actual actual JJ 12162 538 128 municipal municipal JJ 12162 538 129 government government NN 12162 538 130 within within IN 12162 538 131 the the DT 12162 538 132 communes commune NNS 12162 538 133 . . . 12162 539 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 539 2 is be VBZ 12162 539 3 doubtful doubtful JJ 12162 539 4 whether whether IN 12162 539 5 immunities immunity NNS 12162 539 6 of of IN 12162 539 7 any any DT 12162 539 8 importance importance NN 12162 539 9 were be VBD 12162 539 10 granted grant VBN 12162 539 11 even even RB 12162 539 12 by by IN 12162 539 13 the the DT 12162 539 14 latest late JJS 12162 539 15 kings king NNS 12162 539 16 of of IN 12162 539 17 the the DT 12162 539 18 Lombards Lombards NNPS 12162 539 19 , , , 12162 539 20 before before IN 12162 539 21 the the DT 12162 539 22 invasion invasion NN 12162 539 23 of of IN 12162 539 24 the the DT 12162 539 25 Franks Franks NNPS 12162 539 26 . . . 12162 540 1 Under under IN 12162 540 2 the the DT 12162 540 3 first first JJ 12162 540 4 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 540 5 monarchy monarchy NN 12162 540 6 the the DT 12162 540 7 church church NN 12162 540 8 held hold VBD 12162 540 9 a a DT 12162 540 10 very very RB 12162 540 11 subordinate subordinate JJ 12162 540 12 position position NN 12162 540 13 with with IN 12162 540 14 regard regard NN 12162 540 15 to to IN 12162 540 16 the the DT 12162 540 17 state state NN 12162 540 18 , , , 12162 540 19 and and CC 12162 540 20 if if IN 12162 540 21 privileges privilege NNS 12162 540 22 were be VBD 12162 540 23 granted grant VBN 12162 540 24 to to IN 12162 540 25 any any DT 12162 540 26 of of IN 12162 540 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 540 28 members member NNS 12162 540 29 , , , 12162 540 30 they -PRON- PRP 12162 540 31 had have VBD 12162 540 32 attached attach VBN 12162 540 33 to to IN 12162 540 34 them -PRON- PRP 12162 540 35 no no DT 12162 540 36 greater great JJR 12162 540 37 meaning meaning NN 12162 540 38 than than IN 12162 540 39 the the DT 12162 540 40 simple simple JJ 12162 540 41 extension extension NN 12162 540 42 to to IN 12162 540 43 them -PRON- PRP 12162 540 44 of of IN 12162 540 45 the the DT 12162 540 46 _ _ NNP 12162 540 47 mundibrium mundibrium NN 12162 540 48 _ _ NNP 12162 540 49 of of IN 12162 540 50 the the DT 12162 540 51 king king NN 12162 540 52 , , , 12162 540 53 such such JJ 12162 540 54 as as IN 12162 540 55 was be VBD 12162 540 56 often often RB 12162 540 57 allowed allow VBN 12162 540 58 to to IN 12162 540 59 private private JJ 12162 540 60 individuals individual NNS 12162 540 61 ; ; : 12162 540 62 that that RB 12162 540 63 is is RB 12162 540 64 , , , 12162 540 65 they -PRON- PRP 12162 540 66 were be VBD 12162 540 67 simply simply RB 12162 540 68 grants grant NNS 12162 540 69 of of IN 12162 540 70 royal royal JJ 12162 540 71 protection protection NN 12162 540 72 , , , 12162 540 73 and and CC 12162 540 74 were be VBD 12162 540 75 not not RB 12162 540 76 similar similar JJ 12162 540 77 to to IN 12162 540 78 the the DT 12162 540 79 later later JJ 12162 540 80 grants grant NNS 12162 540 81 which which WDT 12162 540 82 included include VBD 12162 540 83 both both DT 12162 540 84 protection protection NN 12162 540 85 and and CC 12162 540 86 privilege privilege NN 12162 540 87 . . . 12162 541 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 541 2 89 89 CD 12162 541 3 ] ] -RRB- 12162 541 4 With with IN 12162 541 5 the the DT 12162 541 6 advent advent NN 12162 541 7 of of IN 12162 541 8 Frankish frankish JJ 12162 541 9 rule rule NN 12162 541 10 under under IN 12162 541 11 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 12162 541 12 , , , 12162 541 13 marked marked JJ 12162 541 14 consideration consideration NN 12162 541 15 immediately immediately RB 12162 541 16 appears appear VBZ 12162 541 17 for for IN 12162 541 18 the the DT 12162 541 19 church church NN 12162 541 20 and and CC 12162 541 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 541 22 representatives representative NNS 12162 541 23 . . . 12162 542 1 Not not RB 12162 542 2 alone alone JJ 12162 542 3 is be VBZ 12162 542 4 ample ample JJ 12162 542 5 protection protection NN 12162 542 6 granted grant VBN 12162 542 7 to to IN 12162 542 8 many many JJ 12162 542 9 of of IN 12162 542 10 the the DT 12162 542 11 churches church NNS 12162 542 12 of of IN 12162 542 13 the the DT 12162 542 14 kingdom kingdom NN 12162 542 15 , , , 12162 542 16 but but CC 12162 542 17 to to IN 12162 542 18 it -PRON- PRP 12162 542 19 is be VBZ 12162 542 20 added add VBN 12162 542 21 the the DT 12162 542 22 important important JJ 12162 542 23 function function NN 12162 542 24 of of IN 12162 542 25 exemption exemption NN 12162 542 26 . . . 12162 543 1 The the DT 12162 543 2 greatest great JJS 12162 543 3 evil evil NN 12162 543 4 endured endure VBD 12162 543 5 in in IN 12162 543 6 those those DT 12162 543 7 days day NNS 12162 543 8 by by IN 12162 543 9 the the DT 12162 543 10 ecclesiastical ecclesiastical JJ 12162 543 11 authorities authority NNS 12162 543 12 was be VBD 12162 543 13 exactions exaction NNS 12162 543 14 levied levy VBN 12162 543 15 on on IN 12162 543 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 543 17 property property NN 12162 543 18 and and CC 12162 543 19 oppression oppression NN 12162 543 20 exercised exercise VBN 12162 543 21 on on IN 12162 543 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 543 23 dependents dependent NNS 12162 543 24 by by IN 12162 543 25 the the DT 12162 543 26 dukes duke NNS 12162 543 27 and and CC 12162 543 28 counts count NNS 12162 543 29 under under IN 12162 543 30 whose whose WP$ 12162 543 31 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 543 32 lay lie VBD 12162 543 33 the the DT 12162 543 34 temporal temporal JJ 12162 543 35 possessions possession NNS 12162 543 36 of of IN 12162 543 37 the the DT 12162 543 38 churches church NNS 12162 543 39 and and CC 12162 543 40 monasteries monastery NNS 12162 543 41 . . . 12162 544 1 Consequently consequently RB 12162 544 2 the the DT 12162 544 3 aim aim NN 12162 544 4 of of IN 12162 544 5 every every DT 12162 544 6 bishop bishop NN 12162 544 7 and and CC 12162 544 8 of of IN 12162 544 9 every every DT 12162 544 10 abbot abbot NN 12162 544 11 was be VBD 12162 544 12 to to TO 12162 544 13 obtain obtain VB 12162 544 14 for for IN 12162 544 15 the the DT 12162 544 16 possessions possession NNS 12162 544 17 of of IN 12162 544 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 544 19 diocese diocese NN 12162 544 20 or or CC 12162 544 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 544 22 convent convent NN 12162 544 23 an an DT 12162 544 24 exemption exemption NN 12162 544 25 more more RBR 12162 544 26 or or CC 12162 544 27 less less RBR 12162 544 28 complete complete JJ 12162 544 29 from from IN 12162 544 30 the the DT 12162 544 31 civil civil JJ 12162 544 32 administration administration NN 12162 544 33 of of IN 12162 544 34 the the DT 12162 544 35 neighboring neighboring JJ 12162 544 36 secular secular JJ 12162 544 37 ruler ruler NN 12162 544 38 . . . 12162 545 1 For for IN 12162 545 2 a a DT 12162 545 3 long long JJ 12162 545 4 time time NN 12162 545 5 there there EX 12162 545 6 was be VBD 12162 545 7 no no DT 12162 545 8 thought thought NN 12162 545 9 in in IN 12162 545 10 the the DT 12162 545 11 mind mind NN 12162 545 12 of of IN 12162 545 13 the the DT 12162 545 14 bishop bishop NN 12162 545 15 of of IN 12162 545 16 gaining gain VBG 12162 545 17 for for IN 12162 545 18 himself -PRON- PRP 12162 545 19 the the DT 12162 545 20 functions function NNS 12162 545 21 of of IN 12162 545 22 temporal temporal JJ 12162 545 23 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 545 24 , , , 12162 545 25 but but CC 12162 545 26 simply simply RB 12162 545 27 that that IN 12162 545 28 the the DT 12162 545 29 power power NN 12162 545 30 of of IN 12162 545 31 the the DT 12162 545 32 count count NN 12162 545 33 should should MD 12162 545 34 be be VB 12162 545 35 restrained restrain VBN 12162 545 36 with with IN 12162 545 37 regard regard NN 12162 545 38 to to IN 12162 545 39 church church NN 12162 545 40 property property NN 12162 545 41 , , , 12162 545 42 that that RB 12162 545 43 is is RB 12162 545 44 , , , 12162 545 45 that that IN 12162 545 46 he -PRON- PRP 12162 545 47 should should MD 12162 545 48 not not RB 12162 545 49 be be VB 12162 545 50 able able JJ 12162 545 51 to to TO 12162 545 52 exercise exercise VB 12162 545 53 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 545 54 judicial judicial JJ 12162 545 55 control control NN 12162 545 56 over over IN 12162 545 57 lands land NNS 12162 545 58 belonging belong VBG 12162 545 59 to to IN 12162 545 60 the the DT 12162 545 61 church church NN 12162 545 62 , , , 12162 545 63 except except IN 12162 545 64 by by IN 12162 545 65 the the DT 12162 545 66 express express JJ 12162 545 67 permission permission NN 12162 545 68 , , , 12162 545 69 " " '' 12162 545 70 per per IN 12162 545 71 licentia licentia NN 12162 545 72 data datum NNS 12162 545 73 , , , 12162 545 74 " " '' 12162 545 75 and and CC 12162 545 76 with with IN 12162 545 77 the the DT 12162 545 78 concurrence concurrence NN 12162 545 79 of of IN 12162 545 80 the the DT 12162 545 81 bishop bishop NN 12162 545 82 himself -PRON- PRP 12162 545 83 . . . 12162 546 1 This this DT 12162 546 2 and and CC 12162 546 3 nothing nothing NN 12162 546 4 more more JJR 12162 546 5 is be VBZ 12162 546 6 what what WP 12162 546 7 is be VBZ 12162 546 8 meant mean VBN 12162 546 9 by by IN 12162 546 10 all all DT 12162 546 11 of of IN 12162 546 12 the the DT 12162 546 13 charters charter NNS 12162 546 14 of of IN 12162 546 15 exemption exemption NN 12162 546 16 granted grant VBN 12162 546 17 by by IN 12162 546 18 the the DT 12162 546 19 Carlovingian carlovingian JJ 12162 546 20 rulers ruler NNS 12162 546 21 , , , 12162 546 22 down down RB 12162 546 23 to to IN 12162 546 24 the the DT 12162 546 25 time time NN 12162 546 26 of of IN 12162 546 27 Charles Charles NNP 12162 546 28 the the DT 12162 546 29 Bald Bald NNP 12162 546 30 , , , 12162 546 31 when when WRB 12162 546 32 , , , 12162 546 33 as as IN 12162 546 34 we -PRON- PRP 12162 546 35 shall shall MD 12162 546 36 presently presently RB 12162 546 37 see see VB 12162 546 38 , , , 12162 546 39 a a DT 12162 546 40 change change NN 12162 546 41 was be VBD 12162 546 42 introduced introduce VBN 12162 546 43 . . . 12162 547 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 547 2 would would MD 12162 547 3 be be VB 12162 547 4 useless useless JJ 12162 547 5 for for IN 12162 547 6 me -PRON- PRP 12162 547 7 to to TO 12162 547 8 cite cite VB 12162 547 9 examples example NNS 12162 547 10 of of IN 12162 547 11 such such JJ 12162 547 12 charters charter NNS 12162 547 13 , , , 12162 547 14 for for IN 12162 547 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 547 16 number number NN 12162 547 17 is be VBZ 12162 547 18 countless countless JJ 12162 547 19 , , , 12162 547 20 and and CC 12162 547 21 reference reference NN 12162 547 22 may may MD 12162 547 23 be be VB 12162 547 24 made make VBN 12162 547 25 to to IN 12162 547 26 any any DT 12162 547 27 of of IN 12162 547 28 the the DT 12162 547 29 great great JJ 12162 547 30 collections collection NNS 12162 547 31 of of IN 12162 547 32 mediaeval mediaeval JJ 12162 547 33 documents document NNS 12162 547 34 for for IN 12162 547 35 confirmation confirmation NN 12162 547 36 of of IN 12162 547 37 what what WP 12162 547 38 has have VBZ 12162 547 39 just just RB 12162 547 40 been be VBN 12162 547 41 said say VBN 12162 547 42 ; ; : 12162 547 43 for for IN 12162 547 44 during during IN 12162 547 45 the the DT 12162 547 46 reigns reign NNS 12162 547 47 of of IN 12162 547 48 the the DT 12162 547 49 earlier early JJR 12162 547 50 Carlovingians Carlovingians NNPS 12162 547 51 , , , 12162 547 52 the the DT 12162 547 53 strong strong JJ 12162 547 54 reverence reverence NN 12162 547 55 for for IN 12162 547 56 the the DT 12162 547 57 church church NN 12162 547 58 and and CC 12162 547 59 respect respect NN 12162 547 60 for for IN 12162 547 61 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 547 62 officers officer NNS 12162 547 63 which which WDT 12162 547 64 characterized characterize VBD 12162 547 65 the the DT 12162 547 66 Frankish frankish JJ 12162 547 67 nation nation NN 12162 547 68 from from IN 12162 547 69 the the DT 12162 547 70 beginning beginning NN 12162 547 71 led lead VBD 12162 547 72 to to IN 12162 547 73 the the DT 12162 547 74 extension extension NN 12162 547 75 of of IN 12162 547 76 these these DT 12162 547 77 privileges privilege NNS 12162 547 78 to to IN 12162 547 79 much much RB 12162 547 80 the the DT 12162 547 81 greater great JJR 12162 547 82 number number NN 12162 547 83 of of IN 12162 547 84 the the DT 12162 547 85 churches church NNS 12162 547 86 in in IN 12162 547 87 the the DT 12162 547 88 realm realm NN 12162 547 89 . . . 12162 548 1 Not not RB 12162 548 2 all all DT 12162 548 3 churches church NNS 12162 548 4 enjoyed enjoy VBD 12162 548 5 such such JJ 12162 548 6 grants grant NNS 12162 548 7 , , , 12162 548 8 and and CC 12162 548 9 not not RB 12162 548 10 all all PDT 12162 548 11 those those DT 12162 548 12 accorded accord VBN 12162 548 13 were be VBD 12162 548 14 of of IN 12162 548 15 the the DT 12162 548 16 same same JJ 12162 548 17 liberal liberal JJ 12162 548 18 character character NN 12162 548 19 , , , 12162 548 20 but but CC 12162 548 21 the the DT 12162 548 22 number number NN 12162 548 23 given give VBN 12162 548 24 and and CC 12162 548 25 the the DT 12162 548 26 amount amount NN 12162 548 27 of of IN 12162 548 28 liberty liberty NN 12162 548 29 to to IN 12162 548 30 the the DT 12162 548 31 church church NN 12162 548 32 thereby thereby RB 12162 548 33 bestowed bestow VBN 12162 548 34 was be VBD 12162 548 35 sufficient sufficient JJ 12162 548 36 to to TO 12162 548 37 give give VB 12162 548 38 to to IN 12162 548 39 the the DT 12162 548 40 clergy clergy NNS 12162 548 41 that that WDT 12162 548 42 degree degree NN 12162 548 43 of of IN 12162 548 44 importance importance NN 12162 548 45 which which WDT 12162 548 46 ultimately ultimately RB 12162 548 47 culminated culminate VBD 12162 548 48 in in IN 12162 548 49 making make VBG 12162 548 50 them -PRON- PRP 12162 548 51 the the DT 12162 548 52 great great JJ 12162 548 53 lords lord NNS 12162 548 54 that that WDT 12162 548 55 we -PRON- PRP 12162 548 56 find find VBP 12162 548 57 them -PRON- PRP 12162 548 58 in in IN 12162 548 59 the the DT 12162 548 60 tenth tenth JJ 12162 548 61 century century NN 12162 548 62 . . . 12162 549 1 To to TO 12162 549 2 give give VB 12162 549 3 an an DT 12162 549 4 idea idea NN 12162 549 5 of of IN 12162 549 6 the the DT 12162 549 7 tenor tenor NN 12162 549 8 of of IN 12162 549 9 these these DT 12162 549 10 documents document NNS 12162 549 11 , , , 12162 549 12 I -PRON- PRP 12162 549 13 will will MD 12162 549 14 , , , 12162 549 15 however however RB 12162 549 16 , , , 12162 549 17 quote quote VB 12162 549 18 a a DT 12162 549 19 few few JJ 12162 549 20 lines line NNS 12162 549 21 from from IN 12162 549 22 the the DT 12162 549 23 earliest early JJS 12162 549 24 one one NN 12162 549 25 that that WDT 12162 549 26 has have VBZ 12162 549 27 come come VBN 12162 549 28 under under IN 12162 549 29 my -PRON- PRP$ 12162 549 30 notice notice NN 12162 549 31 in in IN 12162 549 32 Carlovingian carlovingian JJ 12162 549 33 times time NNS 12162 549 34 , , , 12162 549 35 namely namely RB 12162 549 36 a a DT 12162 549 37 diploma diploma NN 12162 549 38 of of IN 12162 549 39 the the DT 12162 549 40 year year NN 12162 549 41 782 782 CD 12162 549 42 , , , 12162 549 43 issued issue VBN 12162 549 44 to to IN 12162 549 45 Geminiano Geminiano NNP 12162 549 46 II II NNP 12162 549 47 . . NNP 12162 549 48 , , , 12162 549 49 bishop bishop NN 12162 549 50 of of IN 12162 549 51 Modena Modena NNP 12162 549 52 , , , 12162 549 53 and and CC 12162 549 54 preserved preserve VBD 12162 549 55 in in IN 12162 549 56 the the DT 12162 549 57 archives archive NNS 12162 549 58 of of IN 12162 549 59 that that DT 12162 549 60 city city NN 12162 549 61 . . . 12162 550 1 Here here RB 12162 550 2 we -PRON- PRP 12162 550 3 find find VBP 12162 550 4 that that DT 12162 550 5 : : : 12162 550 6 " " `` 12162 550 7 Nullus nullus JJ 12162 550 8 judex judex NN 12162 550 9 publicus publicus NN 12162 550 10 ad ad NN 12162 550 11 causas causas NN 12162 550 12 audiendum audiendum NN 12162 550 13 , , , 12162 550 14 vel vel NNP 12162 550 15 freda freda NNP 12162 550 16 exigendum exigendum NNP 12162 550 17 , , , 12162 550 18 seu seu NNP 12162 550 19 mansiones mansione NNS 12162 550 20 aut aut NNP 12162 550 21 paratas paratas NNP 12162 550 22 faciendum faciendum NNP 12162 550 23 , , , 12162 550 24 nec nec NNP 12162 550 25 fidejussiones fidejussiones NNP 12162 550 26 tollendum tollendum NNP 12162 550 27 neque neque NNP 12162 550 28 hominibus hominibus NNP 12162 550 29 ipsius ipsius NNP 12162 550 30 episcopatus episcopatus NNP 12162 550 31 distringendum distringendum NN 12162 550 32 , , , 12162 550 33 " " '' 12162 550 34 etc etc FW 12162 550 35 . . . 12162 551 1 This this DT 12162 551 2 is be VBZ 12162 551 3 sufficient sufficient JJ 12162 551 4 to to TO 12162 551 5 show show VB 12162 551 6 the the DT 12162 551 7 character character NN 12162 551 8 of of IN 12162 551 9 exemption exemption NN 12162 551 10 from from IN 12162 551 11 secular secular JJ 12162 551 12 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 551 13 . . . 12162 552 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 552 2 90 90 CD 12162 552 3 ] ] -RRB- 12162 552 4 The the DT 12162 552 5 next next JJ 12162 552 6 forward forward JJ 12162 552 7 step step NN 12162 552 8 in in IN 12162 552 9 the the DT 12162 552 10 advance advance NN 12162 552 11 of of IN 12162 552 12 the the DT 12162 552 13 bishops bishop NNS 12162 552 14 to to IN 12162 552 15 temporal temporal JJ 12162 552 16 power power NN 12162 552 17 was be VBD 12162 552 18 made make VBN 12162 552 19 probably probably RB 12162 552 20 about about IN 12162 552 21 the the DT 12162 552 22 time time NN 12162 552 23 of of IN 12162 552 24 Charles Charles NNP 12162 552 25 the the DT 12162 552 26 Bald Bald NNP 12162 552 27 ; ; : 12162 552 28 though though IN 12162 552 29 under under IN 12162 552 30 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 552 31 two two CD 12162 552 32 immediate immediate JJ 12162 552 33 predecessors predecessor NNS 12162 552 34 , , , 12162 552 35 Lothaire[91 lothaire[91 ADD 12162 552 36 ] ] -RRB- 12162 552 37 and and CC 12162 552 38 Lewis Lewis NNP 12162 552 39 II.,[92 II.,[92 NNP 12162 552 40 ] ] -RRB- 12162 552 41 we -PRON- PRP 12162 552 42 already already RB 12162 552 43 see see VBP 12162 552 44 indications indication NNS 12162 552 45 of of IN 12162 552 46 an an DT 12162 552 47 extension extension NN 12162 552 48 of of IN 12162 552 49 the the DT 12162 552 50 quality quality NN 12162 552 51 of of IN 12162 552 52 exemption exemption NN 12162 552 53 to to TO 12162 552 54 include include VB 12162 552 55 freedom freedom NN 12162 552 56 from from IN 12162 552 57 the the DT 12162 552 58 payment payment NN 12162 552 59 of of IN 12162 552 60 all all DT 12162 552 61 public public JJ 12162 552 62 dues due NNS 12162 552 63 and and CC 12162 552 64 the the DT 12162 552 65 bearing bearing NN 12162 552 66 of of IN 12162 552 67 all all DT 12162 552 68 public public JJ 12162 552 69 burdens burden NNS 12162 552 70 . . . 12162 553 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 553 2 93 93 CD 12162 553 3 ] ] -RRB- 12162 553 4 It -PRON- PRP 12162 553 5 was be VBD 12162 553 6 precisely precisely RB 12162 553 7 the the DT 12162 553 8 introduction introduction NN 12162 553 9 of of IN 12162 553 10 this this DT 12162 553 11 element element NN 12162 553 12 of of IN 12162 553 13 exemption exemption NN 12162 553 14 from from IN 12162 553 15 public public JJ 12162 553 16 burdens burden NNS 12162 553 17 which which WDT 12162 553 18 marked mark VBD 12162 553 19 the the DT 12162 553 20 change change NN 12162 553 21 in in IN 12162 553 22 the the DT 12162 553 23 nature nature NN 12162 553 24 of of IN 12162 553 25 the the DT 12162 553 26 immunities immunity NNS 12162 553 27 granted grant VBN 12162 553 28 from from IN 12162 553 29 the the DT 12162 553 30 time time NN 12162 553 31 of of IN 12162 553 32 Charles Charles NNP 12162 553 33 the the DT 12162 553 34 Bald Bald NNP 12162 553 35 , , , 12162 553 36 down down RB 12162 553 37 to to IN 12162 553 38 the the DT 12162 553 39 period period NN 12162 553 40 when when WRB 12162 553 41 the the DT 12162 553 42 element element NN 12162 553 43 of of IN 12162 553 44 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 553 45 and and CC 12162 553 46 real real JJ 12162 553 47 temporal temporal JJ 12162 553 48 power power NN 12162 553 49 was be VBD 12162 553 50 introduced introduce VBN 12162 553 51 under under IN 12162 553 52 Guido Guido NNP 12162 553 53 and and CC 12162 553 54 Berenger Berenger NNP 12162 553 55 . . . 12162 554 1 Up up IN 12162 554 2 to to IN 12162 554 3 this this DT 12162 554 4 time time NN 12162 554 5 , , , 12162 554 6 the the DT 12162 554 7 grounds ground NNS 12162 554 8 on on IN 12162 554 9 which which WDT 12162 554 10 similar similar JJ 12162 554 11 charters charter NNS 12162 554 12 had have VBD 12162 554 13 been be VBN 12162 554 14 sought seek VBN 12162 554 15 had have VBD 12162 554 16 been be VBN 12162 554 17 protection protection NN 12162 554 18 from from IN 12162 554 19 the the DT 12162 554 20 oppression oppression NN 12162 554 21 of of IN 12162 554 22 the the DT 12162 554 23 counts count NNS 12162 554 24 , , , 12162 554 25 and and CC 12162 554 26 had have VBD 12162 554 27 resulted result VBN 12162 554 28 , , , 12162 554 29 as as IN 12162 554 30 we -PRON- PRP 12162 554 31 have have VBP 12162 554 32 seen see VBN 12162 554 33 , , , 12162 554 34 in in IN 12162 554 35 the the DT 12162 554 36 granting granting NN 12162 554 37 of of IN 12162 554 38 simple simple JJ 12162 554 39 charters charter NNS 12162 554 40 of of IN 12162 554 41 protection protection NN 12162 554 42 which which WDT 12162 554 43 were be VBD 12162 554 44 of of IN 12162 554 45 no no DT 12162 554 46 very very RB 12162 554 47 great great JJ 12162 554 48 significance significance NN 12162 554 49 . . . 12162 555 1 But but CC 12162 555 2 now now RB 12162 555 3 it -PRON- PRP 12162 555 4 is be VBZ 12162 555 5 exemption exemption NN 12162 555 6 from from IN 12162 555 7 public public JJ 12162 555 8 burdens burden NNS 12162 555 9 , , , 12162 555 10 etc etc FW 12162 555 11 . . FW 12162 555 12 , , , 12162 555 13 that that DT 12162 555 14 is is RB 12162 555 15 made make VBN 12162 555 16 prominent prominent JJ 12162 555 17 , , , 12162 555 18 in in IN 12162 555 19 addition addition NN 12162 555 20 to to IN 12162 555 21 a a DT 12162 555 22 complete complete JJ 12162 555 23 severance severance NN 12162 555 24 from from IN 12162 555 25 all all DT 12162 555 26 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 555 27 and and CC 12162 555 28 control control NN 12162 555 29 of of IN 12162 555 30 the the DT 12162 555 31 secular secular JJ 12162 555 32 power power NN 12162 555 33 of of IN 12162 555 34 the the DT 12162 555 35 _ _ NNP 12162 555 36 civitas civita NNS 12162 555 37 _ _ NNP 12162 555 38 in in IN 12162 555 39 which which WDT 12162 555 40 the the DT 12162 555 41 bishop bishop NN 12162 555 42 's 's POS 12162 555 43 see see NN 12162 555 44 and and CC 12162 555 45 domains domain NNS 12162 555 46 are be VBP 12162 555 47 situated situate VBN 12162 555 48 . . . 12162 556 1 That that IN 12162 556 2 this this DT 12162 556 3 concession concession NN 12162 556 4 also also RB 12162 556 5 was be VBD 12162 556 6 sought seek VBN 12162 556 7 by by IN 12162 556 8 the the DT 12162 556 9 bishop bishop NN 12162 556 10 on on IN 12162 556 11 the the DT 12162 556 12 plea plea NN 12162 556 13 of of IN 12162 556 14 protection protection NN 12162 556 15 for for IN 12162 556 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 556 17 dependents dependent NNS 12162 556 18 from from IN 12162 556 19 oppression oppression NN 12162 556 20 and and CC 12162 556 21 exaction exaction NN 12162 556 22 , , , 12162 556 23 does do VBZ 12162 556 24 not not RB 12162 556 25 diminish diminish VB 12162 556 26 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 556 27 importance importance NN 12162 556 28 ; ; : 12162 556 29 for for IN 12162 556 30 it -PRON- PRP 12162 556 31 is be VBZ 12162 556 32 easy easy JJ 12162 556 33 to to TO 12162 556 34 see see VB 12162 556 35 that that IN 12162 556 36 the the DT 12162 556 37 line line NN 12162 556 38 which which WDT 12162 556 39 separates separate NNS 12162 556 40 recognized recognize VBN 12162 556 41 right right RB 12162 556 42 of of IN 12162 556 43 protection protection NN 12162 556 44 from from IN 12162 556 45 recognized recognize VBN 12162 556 46 right right RB 12162 556 47 of of IN 12162 556 48 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 556 49 is be VBZ 12162 556 50 one one CD 12162 556 51 easily easily RB 12162 556 52 effaced efface VBN 12162 556 53 , , , 12162 556 54 and and CC 12162 556 55 defense defense NN 12162 556 56 from from IN 12162 556 57 the the DT 12162 556 58 tyranny tyranny NN 12162 556 59 of of IN 12162 556 60 a a DT 12162 556 61 foreign foreign JJ 12162 556 62 power power NN 12162 556 63 can can MD 12162 556 64 with with IN 12162 556 65 little little JJ 12162 556 66 difficulty difficulty NN 12162 556 67 be be VB 12162 556 68 transformed transform VBN 12162 556 69 into into IN 12162 556 70 domination domination NN 12162 556 71 by by IN 12162 556 72 the the DT 12162 556 73 professed professed JJ 12162 556 74 defender defender NN 12162 556 75 . . . 12162 557 1 That that IN 12162 557 2 this this DT 12162 557 3 was be VBD 12162 557 4 the the DT 12162 557 5 order order NN 12162 557 6 of of IN 12162 557 7 development development NN 12162 557 8 consequent consequent NN 12162 557 9 on on IN 12162 557 10 these these DT 12162 557 11 changes change NNS 12162 557 12 is be VBZ 12162 557 13 proved prove VBN 12162 557 14 by by IN 12162 557 15 the the DT 12162 557 16 temporal temporal JJ 12162 557 17 dominion dominion NN 12162 557 18 gained gain VBN 12162 557 19 by by IN 12162 557 20 the the DT 12162 557 21 bishops bishop NNS 12162 557 22 in in IN 12162 557 23 the the DT 12162 557 24 next next JJ 12162 557 25 century century NN 12162 557 26 ; ; : 12162 557 27 and and CC 12162 557 28 the the DT 12162 557 29 steps step NNS 12162 557 30 of of IN 12162 557 31 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 557 32 growth growth NN 12162 557 33 marked mark VBN 12162 557 34 by by IN 12162 557 35 numerous numerous JJ 12162 557 36 immunities immunity NNS 12162 557 37 granted grant VBN 12162 557 38 by by IN 12162 557 39 Charles Charles NNP 12162 557 40 the the DT 12162 557 41 Bald Bald NNP 12162 557 42 , , , 12162 557 43 Karloman[94 karloman[94 ADD 12162 557 44 ] ] -RRB- 12162 557 45 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 557 46 successor successor NN 12162 557 47 , , , 12162 557 48 and and CC 12162 557 49 Charles Charles NNP 12162 557 50 the the DT 12162 557 51 Fat Fat NNP 12162 557 52 , , , 12162 557 53 the the DT 12162 557 54 last last JJ 12162 557 55 of of IN 12162 557 56 the the DT 12162 557 57 Carlovingians Carlovingians NNPS 12162 557 58 in in IN 12162 557 59 Italy Italy NNP 12162 557 60 . . . 12162 558 1 As as IN 12162 558 2 a a DT 12162 558 3 good good JJ 12162 558 4 example example NN 12162 558 5 of of IN 12162 558 6 the the DT 12162 558 7 complete complete JJ 12162 558 8 development development NN 12162 558 9 of of IN 12162 558 10 this this DT 12162 558 11 advance advance NN 12162 558 12 gained gain VBN 12162 558 13 by by IN 12162 558 14 the the DT 12162 558 15 bishops bishop NNS 12162 558 16 , , , 12162 558 17 I -PRON- PRP 12162 558 18 will will MD 12162 558 19 mention mention VB 12162 558 20 a a DT 12162 558 21 charter charter NN 12162 558 22 given give VBN 12162 558 23 by by IN 12162 558 24 Charles Charles NNP 12162 558 25 the the DT 12162 558 26 Fat Fat NNP 12162 558 27 to to IN 12162 558 28 John John NNP 12162 558 29 , , , 12162 558 30 bishop bishop NN 12162 558 31 of of IN 12162 558 32 Arezzo Arezzo NNP 12162 558 33 , , , 12162 558 34 in in IN 12162 558 35 the the DT 12162 558 36 year year NN 12162 558 37 879 879 CD 12162 558 38 , , , 12162 558 39 in in IN 12162 558 40 which which WDT 12162 558 41 he -PRON- PRP 12162 558 42 confirms confirm VBZ 12162 558 43 to to IN 12162 558 44 him -PRON- PRP 12162 558 45 all all PDT 12162 558 46 the the DT 12162 558 47 property property NN 12162 558 48 and and CC 12162 558 49 the the DT 12162 558 50 rights right NNS 12162 558 51 of of IN 12162 558 52 that that DT 12162 558 53 see see VBP 12162 558 54 , , , 12162 558 55 and and CC 12162 558 56 takes take VBZ 12162 558 57 him -PRON- PRP 12162 558 58 under under IN 12162 558 59 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 558 60 protection protection NN 12162 558 61 , , , 12162 558 62 " " `` 12162 558 63 sub sub VBP 12162 558 64 immunitatis immunitatis NN 12162 558 65 suae suae JJ 12162 558 66 defensione defensione NN 12162 558 67 " " '' 12162 558 68 : : : 12162 558 69 he -PRON- PRP 12162 558 70 then then RB 12162 558 71 goes go VBZ 12162 558 72 on on RP 12162 558 73 to to TO 12162 558 74 explain explain VB 12162 558 75 what what WP 12162 558 76 this this DT 12162 558 77 term term NN 12162 558 78 meant mean VBD 12162 558 79 , , , 12162 558 80 giving give VBG 12162 558 81 a a DT 12162 558 82 full full JJ 12162 558 83 account account NN 12162 558 84 of of IN 12162 558 85 the the DT 12162 558 86 extent extent NN 12162 558 87 to to TO 12162 558 88 which which WDT 12162 558 89 a a DT 12162 558 90 bishop bishop NN 12162 558 91 's 's POS 12162 558 92 property property NN 12162 558 93 was be VBD 12162 558 94 exempted exempt VBN 12162 558 95 from from IN 12162 558 96 the the DT 12162 558 97 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 558 98 of of IN 12162 558 99 the the DT 12162 558 100 _ _ NNP 12162 558 101 judex judex NNP 12162 558 102 publicus publicus NN 12162 558 103 _ _ NNP 12162 558 104 , , , 12162 558 105 and and CC 12162 558 106 protected protect VBN 12162 558 107 from from IN 12162 558 108 the the DT 12162 558 109 imposition imposition NN 12162 558 110 of of IN 12162 558 111 burdens burden NNS 12162 558 112 and and CC 12162 558 113 exactions exaction NNS 12162 558 114 . . . 12162 559 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 559 2 95 95 CD 12162 559 3 ] ] -RRB- 12162 559 4 The the DT 12162 559 5 next next JJ 12162 559 6 step step NN 12162 559 7 in in IN 12162 559 8 the the DT 12162 559 9 growth growth NN 12162 559 10 of of IN 12162 559 11 the the DT 12162 559 12 episcopal episcopal JJ 12162 559 13 power power NN 12162 559 14 , , , 12162 559 15 and and CC 12162 559 16 the the DT 12162 559 17 most most RBS 12162 559 18 important important JJ 12162 559 19 of of IN 12162 559 20 all all DT 12162 559 21 , , , 12162 559 22 is be VBZ 12162 559 23 the the DT 12162 559 24 progress progress NN 12162 559 25 from from IN 12162 559 26 exemption exemption NN 12162 559 27 to to IN 12162 559 28 privilege privilege NN 12162 559 29 , , , 12162 559 30 to to IN 12162 559 31 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 559 32 ; ; : 12162 559 33 and and CC 12162 559 34 occurs occur VBZ 12162 559 35 after after IN 12162 559 36 the the DT 12162 559 37 return return NN 12162 559 38 of of IN 12162 559 39 the the DT 12162 559 40 kingship kingship NN 12162 559 41 of of IN 12162 559 42 Italy Italy NNP 12162 559 43 to to IN 12162 559 44 the the DT 12162 559 45 hands hand NNS 12162 559 46 of of IN 12162 559 47 native native JJ 12162 559 48 kings king NNS 12162 559 49 . . . 12162 560 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 560 2 96 96 CD 12162 560 3 ] ] -RRB- 12162 560 4 It -PRON- PRP 12162 560 5 means mean VBZ 12162 560 6 the the DT 12162 560 7 full full JJ 12162 560 8 development development NN 12162 560 9 of of IN 12162 560 10 the the DT 12162 560 11 bishop bishop NN 12162 560 12 into into IN 12162 560 13 the the DT 12162 560 14 temporal temporal JJ 12162 560 15 ruler ruler NN 12162 560 16 , , , 12162 560 17 and and CC 12162 560 18 as as IN 12162 560 19 such such JJ 12162 560 20 belongs belong VBZ 12162 560 21 properly properly RB 12162 560 22 to to IN 12162 560 23 the the DT 12162 560 24 history history NN 12162 560 25 of of IN 12162 560 26 the the DT 12162 560 27 tenth tenth JJ 12162 560 28 century century NN 12162 560 29 , , , 12162 560 30 and and CC 12162 560 31 consequently consequently RB 12162 560 32 is be VBZ 12162 560 33 beyond beyond IN 12162 560 34 the the DT 12162 560 35 limits limit NNS 12162 560 36 of of IN 12162 560 37 the the DT 12162 560 38 present present JJ 12162 560 39 paper paper NN 12162 560 40 . . . 12162 561 1 We -PRON- PRP 12162 561 2 have have VBP 12162 561 3 now now RB 12162 561 4 considered consider VBN 12162 561 5 individually individually RB 12162 561 6 and and CC 12162 561 7 separately separately RB 12162 561 8 , , , 12162 561 9 in in IN 12162 561 10 the the DT 12162 561 11 course course NN 12162 561 12 of of IN 12162 561 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 561 14 development development NN 12162 561 15 , , , 12162 561 16 the the DT 12162 561 17 different different JJ 12162 561 18 elements element NNS 12162 561 19 which which WDT 12162 561 20 , , , 12162 561 21 when when WRB 12162 561 22 combined combine VBN 12162 561 23 and and CC 12162 561 24 modified modify VBN 12162 561 25 by by IN 12162 561 26 the the DT 12162 561 27 various various JJ 12162 561 28 changes change NNS 12162 561 29 described describe VBN 12162 561 30 , , , 12162 561 31 contributed contribute VBD 12162 561 32 to to TO 12162 561 33 form form VB 12162 561 34 the the DT 12162 561 35 solid solid JJ 12162 561 36 foundation foundation NN 12162 561 37 upon upon IN 12162 561 38 which which WDT 12162 561 39 the the DT 12162 561 40 fabric fabric NN 12162 561 41 of of IN 12162 561 42 the the DT 12162 561 43 future future JJ 12162 561 44 independent independent JJ 12162 561 45 life life NN 12162 561 46 of of IN 12162 561 47 the the DT 12162 561 48 cities city NNS 12162 561 49 was be VBD 12162 561 50 to to TO 12162 561 51 be be VB 12162 561 52 built build VBN 12162 561 53 . . . 12162 562 1 We -PRON- PRP 12162 562 2 have have VBP 12162 562 3 been be VBN 12162 562 4 dealing deal VBG 12162 562 5 exclusively exclusively RB 12162 562 6 with with IN 12162 562 7 institutions institution NNS 12162 562 8 , , , 12162 562 9 and and CC 12162 562 10 the the DT 12162 562 11 manner manner NN 12162 562 12 in in IN 12162 562 13 which which WDT 12162 562 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 562 15 growth growth NN 12162 562 16 has have VBZ 12162 562 17 been be VBN 12162 562 18 accomplished accomplish VBN 12162 562 19 . . . 12162 563 1 For for IN 12162 563 2 it -PRON- PRP 12162 563 3 is be VBZ 12162 563 4 in in IN 12162 563 5 the the DT 12162 563 6 institutional institutional JJ 12162 563 7 life life NN 12162 563 8 of of IN 12162 563 9 a a DT 12162 563 10 people people NNS 12162 563 11 , , , 12162 563 12 and and CC 12162 563 13 in in IN 12162 563 14 the the DT 12162 563 15 change change NN 12162 563 16 and and CC 12162 563 17 development development NN 12162 563 18 it -PRON- PRP 12162 563 19 undergoes undergo VBZ 12162 563 20 , , , 12162 563 21 that that WDT 12162 563 22 are be VBP 12162 563 23 to to TO 12162 563 24 be be VB 12162 563 25 found find VBN 12162 563 26 those those DT 12162 563 27 elements element NNS 12162 563 28 which which WDT 12162 563 29 form form VBP 12162 563 30 the the DT 12162 563 31 basis basis NN 12162 563 32 for for IN 12162 563 33 all all DT 12162 563 34 future future JJ 12162 563 35 changes change NNS 12162 563 36 , , , 12162 563 37 whether whether IN 12162 563 38 simply simply RB 12162 563 39 in in IN 12162 563 40 the the DT 12162 563 41 form form NN 12162 563 42 of of IN 12162 563 43 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 563 44 government government NN 12162 563 45 or or CC 12162 563 46 in in IN 12162 563 47 the the DT 12162 563 48 structure structure NN 12162 563 49 of of IN 12162 563 50 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 563 51 social social JJ 12162 563 52 system system NN 12162 563 53 . . . 12162 564 1 If if IN 12162 564 2 once once RB 12162 564 3 a a DT 12162 564 4 clear clear JJ 12162 564 5 picture picture NN 12162 564 6 is be VBZ 12162 564 7 gained gain VBN 12162 564 8 of of IN 12162 564 9 the the DT 12162 564 10 structural structural JJ 12162 564 11 parts part NNS 12162 564 12 which which WDT 12162 564 13 form form VBP 12162 564 14 the the DT 12162 564 15 institutional institutional JJ 12162 564 16 framework framework NN 12162 564 17 of of IN 12162 564 18 any any DT 12162 564 19 particular particular JJ 12162 564 20 development development NN 12162 564 21 , , , 12162 564 22 and and CC 12162 564 23 a a DT 12162 564 24 truthful truthful JJ 12162 564 25 presentation presentation NN 12162 564 26 of of IN 12162 564 27 these these DT 12162 564 28 forming form VBG 12162 564 29 principles principle NNS 12162 564 30 is be VBZ 12162 564 31 proved prove VBN 12162 564 32 and and CC 12162 564 33 established establish VBN 12162 564 34 , , , 12162 564 35 a a DT 12162 564 36 detailed detailed JJ 12162 564 37 account account NN 12162 564 38 of of IN 12162 564 39 the the DT 12162 564 40 material material JJ 12162 564 41 expression expression NN 12162 564 42 of of IN 12162 564 43 them -PRON- PRP 12162 564 44 is be VBZ 12162 564 45 a a DT 12162 564 46 matter matter NN 12162 564 47 of of IN 12162 564 48 secondary secondary JJ 12162 564 49 importance importance NN 12162 564 50 . . . 12162 565 1 I -PRON- PRP 12162 565 2 have have VBP 12162 565 3 not not RB 12162 565 4 , , , 12162 565 5 in in IN 12162 565 6 this this DT 12162 565 7 paper paper NN 12162 565 8 , , , 12162 565 9 attempted attempt VBD 12162 565 10 to to TO 12162 565 11 describe describe VB 12162 565 12 the the DT 12162 565 13 actual actual JJ 12162 565 14 condition condition NN 12162 565 15 of of IN 12162 565 16 any any DT 12162 565 17 particular particular JJ 12162 565 18 municipality municipality NN 12162 565 19 , , , 12162 565 20 or or CC 12162 565 21 even even RB 12162 565 22 presented present VBD 12162 565 23 a a DT 12162 565 24 picture picture NN 12162 565 25 which which WDT 12162 565 26 could could MD 12162 565 27 represent represent VB 12162 565 28 the the DT 12162 565 29 material material JJ 12162 565 30 existence existence NN 12162 565 31 of of IN 12162 565 32 the the DT 12162 565 33 cities city NNS 12162 565 34 as as IN 12162 565 35 a a DT 12162 565 36 whole whole NN 12162 565 37 . . . 12162 566 1 Such such PDT 12162 566 2 a a DT 12162 566 3 picture picture NN 12162 566 4 would would MD 12162 566 5 only only RB 12162 566 6 be be VB 12162 566 7 a a DT 12162 566 8 necessary necessary JJ 12162 566 9 part part NN 12162 566 10 of of IN 12162 566 11 a a DT 12162 566 12 study study NN 12162 566 13 of of IN 12162 566 14 institutions institution NNS 12162 566 15 when when WRB 12162 566 16 the the DT 12162 566 17 city city NN 12162 566 18 itself -PRON- PRP 12162 566 19 was be VBD 12162 566 20 the the DT 12162 566 21 unit unit NN 12162 566 22 to to TO 12162 566 23 be be VB 12162 566 24 investigated investigate VBN 12162 566 25 , , , 12162 566 26 and and CC 12162 566 27 not not RB 12162 566 28 of of IN 12162 566 29 one one CD 12162 566 30 whose whose WP$ 12162 566 31 chief chief JJ 12162 566 32 object object NN 12162 566 33 is be VBZ 12162 566 34 to to TO 12162 566 35 prove prove VB 12162 566 36 that that IN 12162 566 37 the the DT 12162 566 38 city city NN 12162 566 39 as as IN 12162 566 40 such such JJ 12162 566 41 had have VBD 12162 566 42 no no DT 12162 566 43 constitutional constitutional JJ 12162 566 44 existence existence NN 12162 566 45 , , , 12162 566 46 but but CC 12162 566 47 simply simply RB 12162 566 48 formed form VBD 12162 566 49 a a DT 12162 566 50 part part NN 12162 566 51 of of IN 12162 566 52 another another DT 12162 566 53 institutional institutional JJ 12162 566 54 unit unit NN 12162 566 55 . . . 12162 567 1 When when WRB 12162 567 2 we -PRON- PRP 12162 567 3 reach reach VBP 12162 567 4 a a DT 12162 567 5 period period NN 12162 567 6 in in IN 12162 567 7 which which WDT 12162 567 8 the the DT 12162 567 9 city city NN 12162 567 10 stands stand VBZ 12162 567 11 out out RP 12162 567 12 as as IN 12162 567 13 an an DT 12162 567 14 object object NN 12162 567 15 of of IN 12162 567 16 study study NN 12162 567 17 in in IN 12162 567 18 itself -PRON- PRP 12162 567 19 , , , 12162 567 20 and and CC 12162 567 21 when when WRB 12162 567 22 we -PRON- PRP 12162 567 23 do do VBP 12162 567 24 not not RB 12162 567 25 have have VB 12162 567 26 to to TO 12162 567 27 trace trace VB 12162 567 28 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 567 29 history history NN 12162 567 30 only only RB 12162 567 31 by by IN 12162 567 32 learning learn VBG 12162 567 33 that that DT 12162 567 34 of of IN 12162 567 35 other other JJ 12162 567 36 institutions institution NNS 12162 567 37 which which WDT 12162 567 38 included include VBD 12162 567 39 and and CC 12162 567 40 overshadowed overshadow VBD 12162 567 41 it -PRON- PRP 12162 567 42 , , , 12162 567 43 then then RB 12162 567 44 the the DT 12162 567 45 practical practical JJ 12162 567 46 life life NN 12162 567 47 of of IN 12162 567 48 the the DT 12162 567 49 people people NNS 12162 567 50 within within IN 12162 567 51 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 567 52 walls wall NNS 12162 567 53 becomes become VBZ 12162 567 54 of of IN 12162 567 55 the the DT 12162 567 56 greatest great JJS 12162 567 57 importance importance NN 12162 567 58 , , , 12162 567 59 even even RB 12162 567 60 to to IN 12162 567 61 the the DT 12162 567 62 smallest small JJS 12162 567 63 detail detail NN 12162 567 64 of of IN 12162 567 65 civic civic JJ 12162 567 66 law law NN 12162 567 67 or or CC 12162 567 68 city city NN 12162 567 69 custom custom NN 12162 567 70 ; ; : 12162 567 71 and and CC 12162 567 72 then then RB 12162 567 73 , , , 12162 567 74 and and CC 12162 567 75 not not RB 12162 567 76 till till IN 12162 567 77 then then RB 12162 567 78 , , , 12162 567 79 begins begin VBZ 12162 567 80 what what WP 12162 567 81 could could MD 12162 567 82 properly properly RB 12162 567 83 be be VB 12162 567 84 called call VBN 12162 567 85 a a DT 12162 567 86 study study NN 12162 567 87 of of IN 12162 567 88 municipal municipal JJ 12162 567 89 institutions institution NNS 12162 567 90 . . . 12162 568 1 During during IN 12162 568 2 the the DT 12162 568 3 three three CD 12162 568 4 centuries century NNS 12162 568 5 that that WDT 12162 568 6 we -PRON- PRP 12162 568 7 have have VBP 12162 568 8 been be VBN 12162 568 9 investigating investigate VBG 12162 568 10 , , , 12162 568 11 the the DT 12162 568 12 study study NN 12162 568 13 of of IN 12162 568 14 the the DT 12162 568 15 Italian italian JJ 12162 568 16 municipalities municipality NNS 12162 568 17 has have VBZ 12162 568 18 been be VBN 12162 568 19 , , , 12162 568 20 as as IN 12162 568 21 we -PRON- PRP 12162 568 22 have have VBP 12162 568 23 seen see VBN 12162 568 24 , , , 12162 568 25 but but CC 12162 568 26 the the DT 12162 568 27 study study NN 12162 568 28 of of IN 12162 568 29 other other JJ 12162 568 30 institutions institution NNS 12162 568 31 of of IN 12162 568 32 which which WDT 12162 568 33 the the DT 12162 568 34 municipality municipality NN 12162 568 35 formed form VBD 12162 568 36 only only RB 12162 568 37 a a DT 12162 568 38 part part NN 12162 568 39 . . . 12162 569 1 No no DT 12162 569 2 attempt attempt NN 12162 569 3 has have VBZ 12162 569 4 been be VBN 12162 569 5 made make VBN 12162 569 6 to to TO 12162 569 7 do do VB 12162 569 8 more more JJR 12162 569 9 than than IN 12162 569 10 prove prove VB 12162 569 11 the the DT 12162 569 12 origin origin NN 12162 569 13 and and CC 12162 569 14 trace trace VB 12162 569 15 the the DT 12162 569 16 earliest early JJS 12162 569 17 development development NN 12162 569 18 of of IN 12162 569 19 those those DT 12162 569 20 principles principle NNS 12162 569 21 , , , 12162 569 22 which which WDT 12162 569 23 in in IN 12162 569 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 569 25 maturity maturity NN 12162 569 26 were be VBD 12162 569 27 to to TO 12162 569 28 gain gain VB 12162 569 29 for for IN 12162 569 30 the the DT 12162 569 31 municipal municipal JJ 12162 569 32 unit unit NN 12162 569 33 that that DT 12162 569 34 position position NN 12162 569 35 where where WRB 12162 569 36 the the DT 12162 569 37 study study NN 12162 569 38 of of IN 12162 569 39 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 569 40 own own JJ 12162 569 41 structure structure NN 12162 569 42 would would MD 12162 569 43 become become VB 12162 569 44 an an DT 12162 569 45 object object NN 12162 569 46 of of IN 12162 569 47 interest interest NN 12162 569 48 , , , 12162 569 49 entirely entirely RB 12162 569 50 apart apart RB 12162 569 51 and and CC 12162 569 52 distinct distinct JJ 12162 569 53 from from IN 12162 569 54 any any DT 12162 569 55 of of IN 12162 569 56 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 569 57 surroundings surrounding NNS 12162 569 58 . . . 12162 570 1 It -PRON- PRP 12162 570 2 has have VBZ 12162 570 3 been be VBN 12162 570 4 shown show VBN 12162 570 5 that that IN 12162 570 6 the the DT 12162 570 7 city city NN 12162 570 8 did do VBD 12162 570 9 not not RB 12162 570 10 inherit inherit VB 12162 570 11 any any DT 12162 570 12 such such JJ 12162 570 13 position position NN 12162 570 14 from from IN 12162 570 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 570 16 immediate immediate JJ 12162 570 17 predecessor predecessor NN 12162 570 18 the the DT 12162 570 19 Roman Roman NNP 12162 570 20 _ _ NNP 12162 570 21 municipium municipium NN 12162 570 22 _ _ NNP 12162 570 23 , , , 12162 570 24 which which WDT 12162 570 25 we -PRON- PRP 12162 570 26 have have VBP 12162 570 27 learnt learn VBN 12162 570 28 to to TO 12162 570 29 consider consider VB 12162 570 30 as as IN 12162 570 31 overthrown overthrow VBN 12162 570 32 , , , 12162 570 33 from from IN 12162 570 34 a a DT 12162 570 35 constitutional constitutional JJ 12162 570 36 standpoint standpoint NN 12162 570 37 as as IN 12162 570 38 annihilated annihilate VBN 12162 570 39 ; ; : 12162 570 40 but but CC 12162 570 41 that that IN 12162 570 42 the the DT 12162 570 43 new new JJ 12162 570 44 principle principle NN 12162 570 45 introduced introduce VBD 12162 570 46 into into IN 12162 570 47 state state NN 12162 570 48 life life NN 12162 570 49 by by IN 12162 570 50 the the DT 12162 570 51 northern northern JJ 12162 570 52 conquerors conqueror NNS 12162 570 53 of of IN 12162 570 54 Italy Italy NNP 12162 570 55 , , , 12162 570 56 the the DT 12162 570 57 principle principle NN 12162 570 58 of of IN 12162 570 59 administration administration NN 12162 570 60 by by IN 12162 570 61 county county NNP 12162 570 62 rather rather RB 12162 570 63 than than IN 12162 570 64 by by IN 12162 570 65 urban urban JJ 12162 570 66 divisions division NNS 12162 570 67 , , , 12162 570 68 relegated relegate VBD 12162 570 69 the the DT 12162 570 70 city city NN 12162 570 71 to to IN 12162 570 72 an an DT 12162 570 73 inferior inferior JJ 12162 570 74 place place NN 12162 570 75 as as IN 12162 570 76 part part NN 12162 570 77 of of IN 12162 570 78 a a DT 12162 570 79 rural rural JJ 12162 570 80 holding holding NN 12162 570 81 , , , 12162 570 82 instead instead RB 12162 570 83 of of IN 12162 570 84 leaving leave VBG 12162 570 85 it -PRON- PRP 12162 570 86 the the DT 12162 570 87 centre centre NN 12162 570 88 of of IN 12162 570 89 a a DT 12162 570 90 circle circle NN 12162 570 91 of of IN 12162 570 92 rural rural JJ 12162 570 93 dependencies dependency NNS 12162 570 94 . . . 12162 571 1 Having have VBG 12162 571 2 demonstrated demonstrate VBN 12162 571 3 the the DT 12162 571 4 absence absence NN 12162 571 5 of of IN 12162 571 6 all all DT 12162 571 7 constitutional constitutional JJ 12162 571 8 recognition recognition NN 12162 571 9 of of IN 12162 571 10 the the DT 12162 571 11 municipal municipal JJ 12162 571 12 unit unit NN 12162 571 13 as as IN 12162 571 14 such such JJ 12162 571 15 , , , 12162 571 16 I -PRON- PRP 12162 571 17 have have VBP 12162 571 18 attempted attempt VBN 12162 571 19 to to TO 12162 571 20 show show VB 12162 571 21 how how WRB 12162 571 22 a a DT 12162 571 23 condition condition NN 12162 571 24 of of IN 12162 571 25 such such JJ 12162 571 26 legal legal JJ 12162 571 27 insignificance insignificance NN 12162 571 28 became become VBD 12162 571 29 generally generally RB 12162 571 30 a a DT 12162 571 31 condition condition NN 12162 571 32 of of IN 12162 571 33 actual actual JJ 12162 571 34 importance importance NN 12162 571 35 ; ; : 12162 571 36 how how WRB 12162 571 37 from from IN 12162 571 38 a a DT 12162 571 39 position position NN 12162 571 40 of of IN 12162 571 41 such such JJ 12162 571 42 negative negative JJ 12162 571 43 interest interest NN 12162 571 44 , , , 12162 571 45 the the DT 12162 571 46 advance advance NN 12162 571 47 of of IN 12162 571 48 the the DT 12162 571 49 city city NN 12162 571 50 was be VBD 12162 571 51 commenced commence VBN 12162 571 52 along along IN 12162 571 53 a a DT 12162 571 54 road road NN 12162 571 55 which which WDT 12162 571 56 was be VBD 12162 571 57 ultimately ultimately RB 12162 571 58 to to TO 12162 571 59 restore restore VB 12162 571 60 it -PRON- PRP 12162 571 61 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 571 62 old old JJ 12162 571 63 pre pre NN 12162 571 64 - - NN 12162 571 65 eminence eminence NN 12162 571 66 , , , 12162 571 67 even even RB 12162 571 68 adding add VBG 12162 571 69 to to IN 12162 571 70 this this DT 12162 571 71 in in IN 12162 571 72 time time NN 12162 571 73 the the DT 12162 571 74 almost almost RB 12162 571 75 forgotten forget VBN 12162 571 76 attribute attribute NN 12162 571 77 of of IN 12162 571 78 sovereignty sovereignty NN 12162 571 79 . . . 12162 572 1 The the DT 12162 572 2 motives motive NNS 12162 572 3 for for IN 12162 572 4 this this DT 12162 572 5 advance advance NN 12162 572 6 we -PRON- PRP 12162 572 7 have have VBP 12162 572 8 seen see VBN 12162 572 9 to to TO 12162 572 10 be be VB 12162 572 11 no no DT 12162 572 12 higher high JJR 12162 572 13 ones one NNS 12162 572 14 than than IN 12162 572 15 convenience convenience NN 12162 572 16 and and CC 12162 572 17 expediency expediency NN 12162 572 18 , , , 12162 572 19 which which WDT 12162 572 20 made make VBD 12162 572 21 the the DT 12162 572 22 _ _ NNP 12162 572 23 urbs urb VBZ 12162 572 24 _ _ NNP 12162 572 25 of of IN 12162 572 26 every every DT 12162 572 27 _ _ NNP 12162 572 28 civitas civita NNS 12162 572 29 _ _ NNP 12162 572 30 the the DT 12162 572 31 natural natural JJ 12162 572 32 centre centre NN 12162 572 33 of of IN 12162 572 34 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 572 35 local local JJ 12162 572 36 administration administration NN 12162 572 37 , , , 12162 572 38 thereby thereby RB 12162 572 39 in in IN 12162 572 40 fact fact NN 12162 572 41 , , , 12162 572 42 if if IN 12162 572 43 in in IN 12162 572 44 no no DT 12162 572 45 way way NN 12162 572 46 by by IN 12162 572 47 law law NN 12162 572 48 , , , 12162 572 49 restoring restore VBG 12162 572 50 to to IN 12162 572 51 it -PRON- PRP 12162 572 52 some some DT 12162 572 53 of of IN 12162 572 54 the the DT 12162 572 55 elements element NNS 12162 572 56 of of IN 12162 572 57 individuality individuality NN 12162 572 58 , , , 12162 572 59 if if IN 12162 572 60 not not RB 12162 572 61 of of IN 12162 572 62 pre pre NN 12162 572 63 - - NN 12162 572 64 eminence eminence NN 12162 572 65 , , , 12162 572 66 which which WDT 12162 572 67 it -PRON- PRP 12162 572 68 had have VBD 12162 572 69 lost lose VBN 12162 572 70 . . . 12162 573 1 The the DT 12162 573 2 means mean NNS 12162 573 3 employed employ VBN 12162 573 4 we -PRON- PRP 12162 573 5 have have VBP 12162 573 6 seen see VBN 12162 573 7 to to TO 12162 573 8 be be VB 12162 573 9 the the DT 12162 573 10 functions function NNS 12162 573 11 of of IN 12162 573 12 the the DT 12162 573 13 various various JJ 12162 573 14 officers officer NNS 12162 573 15 of of IN 12162 573 16 state state NN 12162 573 17 : : : 12162 573 18 the the DT 12162 573 19 _ _ NNP 12162 573 20 dux dux NN 12162 573 21 _ _ NNP 12162 573 22 , , , 12162 573 23 the the DT 12162 573 24 count count NN 12162 573 25 and and CC 12162 573 26 the the DT 12162 573 27 gastald gastald NN 12162 573 28 , , , 12162 573 29 who who WP 12162 573 30 connected connect VBD 12162 573 31 the the DT 12162 573 32 city city NN 12162 573 33 with with IN 12162 573 34 the the DT 12162 573 35 state state NN 12162 573 36 , , , 12162 573 37 and and CC 12162 573 38 the the DT 12162 573 39 _ _ NNP 12162 573 40 scabinus scabinus NN 12162 573 41 _ _ NNP 12162 573 42 and and CC 12162 573 43 the the DT 12162 573 44 bishop bishop NN 12162 573 45 , , , 12162 573 46 who who WP 12162 573 47 represented represent VBD 12162 573 48 this this DT 12162 573 49 connection connection NN 12162 573 50 to to IN 12162 573 51 the the DT 12162 573 52 consciousness consciousness NN 12162 573 53 of of IN 12162 573 54 the the DT 12162 573 55 people people NNS 12162 573 56 . . . 12162 574 1 We -PRON- PRP 12162 574 2 have have VBP 12162 574 3 noted note VBN 12162 574 4 the the DT 12162 574 5 marked mark VBN 12162 574 6 effects effect NNS 12162 574 7 produced produce VBN 12162 574 8 on on IN 12162 574 9 the the DT 12162 574 10 development development NN 12162 574 11 of of IN 12162 574 12 a a DT 12162 574 13 more more RBR 12162 574 14 popular popular JJ 12162 574 15 feeling feeling NN 12162 574 16 , , , 12162 574 17 by by IN 12162 574 18 the the DT 12162 574 19 changes change NNS 12162 574 20 introduced introduce VBN 12162 574 21 by by IN 12162 574 22 the the DT 12162 574 23 great great JJ 12162 574 24 emperor emperor NN 12162 574 25 of of IN 12162 574 26 the the DT 12162 574 27 Franks Franks NNPS 12162 574 28 ; ; : 12162 574 29 which which WDT 12162 574 30 , , , 12162 574 31 by by IN 12162 574 32 diminishing diminish VBG 12162 574 33 the the DT 12162 574 34 power power NN 12162 574 35 of of IN 12162 574 36 the the DT 12162 574 37 local local JJ 12162 574 38 lords lord NNS 12162 574 39 , , , 12162 574 40 accomplished accomplish VBD 12162 574 41 a a DT 12162 574 42 double double JJ 12162 574 43 benefit benefit NN 12162 574 44 ; ; : 12162 574 45 on on IN 12162 574 46 the the DT 12162 574 47 one one CD 12162 574 48 hand hand NN 12162 574 49 by by IN 12162 574 50 saving save VBG 12162 574 51 the the DT 12162 574 52 people people NNS 12162 574 53 from from IN 12162 574 54 the the DT 12162 574 55 arbitrary arbitrary JJ 12162 574 56 rule rule NN 12162 574 57 of of IN 12162 574 58 a a DT 12162 574 59 feudal feudal JJ 12162 574 60 superior superior JJ 12162 574 61 ; ; : 12162 574 62 on on IN 12162 574 63 the the DT 12162 574 64 other other JJ 12162 574 65 , , , 12162 574 66 by by IN 12162 574 67 causing cause VBG 12162 574 68 the the DT 12162 574 69 city city NN 12162 574 70 to to TO 12162 574 71 become become VB 12162 574 72 more more JJR 12162 574 73 of of IN 12162 574 74 a a DT 12162 574 75 dependence dependence NN 12162 574 76 and and CC 12162 574 77 more more JJR 12162 574 78 of of IN 12162 574 79 a a DT 12162 574 80 support support NN 12162 574 81 to to IN 12162 574 82 the the DT 12162 574 83 state state NN 12162 574 84 as as IN 12162 574 85 a a DT 12162 574 86 whole whole NN 12162 574 87 . . . 12162 575 1 And and CC 12162 575 2 finally finally RB 12162 575 3 we -PRON- PRP 12162 575 4 have have VBP 12162 575 5 left leave VBN 12162 575 6 the the DT 12162 575 7 city city NN 12162 575 8 prepared prepare VBN 12162 575 9 , , , 12162 575 10 on on IN 12162 575 11 the the DT 12162 575 12 return return NN 12162 575 13 of of IN 12162 575 14 another another DT 12162 575 15 dynasty dynasty NN 12162 575 16 of of IN 12162 575 17 native native JJ 12162 575 18 kings king NNS 12162 575 19 , , , 12162 575 20 to to TO 12162 575 21 accept accept VB 12162 575 22 , , , 12162 575 23 at at IN 12162 575 24 least least JJS 12162 575 25 in in IN 12162 575 26 a a DT 12162 575 27 large large JJ 12162 575 28 number number NN 12162 575 29 of of IN 12162 575 30 cases case NNS 12162 575 31 , , , 12162 575 32 the the DT 12162 575 33 domination domination NN 12162 575 34 of of IN 12162 575 35 another another DT 12162 575 36 kind kind NN 12162 575 37 of of IN 12162 575 38 lord lord NNP 12162 575 39 , , , 12162 575 40 a a DT 12162 575 41 spiritual spiritual JJ 12162 575 42 one one NN 12162 575 43 ; ; : 12162 575 44 who who WP 12162 575 45 was be VBD 12162 575 46 to to TO 12162 575 47 serve serve VB 12162 575 48 as as IN 12162 575 49 a a DT 12162 575 50 medium medium NN 12162 575 51 for for IN 12162 575 52 breaking break VBG 12162 575 53 up up RP 12162 575 54 the the DT 12162 575 55 power power NN 12162 575 56 of of IN 12162 575 57 the the DT 12162 575 58 old old JJ 12162 575 59 lords lord NNS 12162 575 60 of of IN 12162 575 61 the the DT 12162 575 62 _ _ NNP 12162 575 63 civitas civita NNS 12162 575 64 _ _ NNP 12162 575 65 , , , 12162 575 66 and and CC 12162 575 67 from from IN 12162 575 68 whom whom WP 12162 575 69 it -PRON- PRP 12162 575 70 would would MD 12162 575 71 be be VB 12162 575 72 an an DT 12162 575 73 easier easy JJR 12162 575 74 task task NN 12162 575 75 for for IN 12162 575 76 the the DT 12162 575 77 commune commune NN 12162 575 78 of of IN 12162 575 79 the the DT 12162 575 80 future future NN 12162 575 81 to to TO 12162 575 82 wrest wrest VB 12162 575 83 the the DT 12162 575 84 power power NN 12162 575 85 and and CC 12162 575 86 the the DT 12162 575 87 sovereignty sovereignty NN 12162 575 88 which which WDT 12162 575 89 was be VBD 12162 575 90 to to TO 12162 575 91 make make VB 12162 575 92 it -PRON- PRP 12162 575 93 a a DT 12162 575 94 free free JJ 12162 575 95 and and CC 12162 575 96 independent independent JJ 12162 575 97 autonomy autonomy NN 12162 575 98 . . . 12162 576 1 * * NFP 12162 576 2 * * NFP 12162 576 3 * * NFP 12162 576 4 * * NFP 12162 576 5 * * NFP 12162 576 6 AUTHORITIES authority NNS 12162 576 7 REFERRED REFERRED NNS 12162 576 8 TO to IN 12162 576 9 IN in IN 12162 576 10 THE the DT 12162 576 11 TEXT TEXT NNP 12162 576 12 AND and CC 12162 576 13 FOOT FOOT NNP 12162 576 14 - - HYPH 12162 576 15 NOTES NOTES NNP 12162 576 16 . . . 12162 577 1 _ _ NNP 12162 577 2 Anastasius Anastasius NNP 12162 577 3 Bibliothecarius Bibliothecarius NNP 12162 577 4 _ _ NNP 12162 577 5 : : : 12162 577 6 Vitae Vitae NNP 12162 577 7 Romanorum Romanorum NNP 12162 577 8 Pontificum Pontificum NNP 12162 577 9 . . . 12162 578 1 v. v. NNP 12162 578 2 _ _ NNP 12162 578 3 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 578 4 _ _ NNP 12162 578 5 : : : 12162 578 6 Script Script NNP 12162 578 7 . . . 12162 579 1 Rer Rer NNP 12162 579 2 . . . 12162 580 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 580 2 . . NNP 12162 580 3 , , , 12162 580 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 580 5 . . . 12162 581 1 III III NNP 12162 581 2 . . NNP 12162 581 3 , , , 12162 581 4 Pars Pars NNP 12162 581 5 I. I. NNP 12162 582 1 _ _ NNP 12162 582 2 Baluzii Baluzii NNP 12162 582 3 , , , 12162 582 4 Stephanus Stephanus NNP 12162 582 5 _ _ NNP 12162 582 6 : : : 12162 582 7 Capitular Capitular NNP 12162 582 8 . . . 12162 583 1 Regum Regum NNP 12162 583 2 Francorum Francorum NNP 12162 583 3 additae additae NN 12162 583 4 sunt sunt NN 12162 583 5 _ _ NNP 12162 583 6 Marculfi Marculfi NNP 12162 583 7 _ _ NNP 12162 583 8 Monachi Monachi NNP 12162 583 9 et et NNP 12162 583 10 aliorum aliorum NN 12162 583 11 formulae formulae NNP 12162 583 12 veteres vetere VBZ 12162 583 13 . . . 12162 584 1 Parisiis Parisiis NNP 12162 584 2 , , , 12162 584 3 1780 1780 CD 12162 584 4 . . . 12162 585 1 2 2 CD 12162 585 2 vols vol NNS 12162 585 3 . . . 12162 586 1 fol fol NNP 12162 586 2 . . . 12162 587 1 _ _ NNP 12162 587 2 Bethmann Bethmann NNP 12162 587 3 - - HYPH 12162 587 4 Hollweg Hollweg NNP 12162 587 5 _ _ NNP 12162 587 6 : : : 12162 587 7 Schrift schrift JJ 12162 587 8 über über NNS 12162 587 9 den den NN 12162 587 10 Ursprung Ursprung NNP 12162 587 11 der der NN 12162 587 12 lombardischen lombardischen NN 12162 587 13 Städtefreiheit Städtefreiheit NNP 12162 587 14 . . . 12162 588 1 _ _ NNP 12162 588 2 Bouquet Bouquet NNP 12162 588 3 , , , 12162 588 4 Martin Martin NNP 12162 588 5 _ _ NNP 12162 588 6 : : : 12162 588 7 Recueil Recueil NNP 12162 588 8 des des FW 12162 588 9 historiens historien NNS 12162 588 10 des des FW 12162 588 11 Gaules Gaules NNP 12162 588 12 et et FW 12162 588 13 de de FW 12162 588 14 la la NNP 12162 588 15 France France NNP 12162 588 16 , , , 12162 588 17 etc etc FW 12162 588 18 . . . 12162 589 1 Paris Paris NNP 12162 589 2 , , , 12162 589 3 1738 1738 CD 12162 589 4 - - SYM 12162 589 5 1855 1855 CD 12162 589 6 . . . 12162 590 1 21 21 CD 12162 590 2 vols vol NNS 12162 590 3 . . . 12162 591 1 fol fol NNP 12162 591 2 . . . 12162 592 1 _ _ NNP 12162 592 2 Brunetti Brunetti NNP 12162 592 3 _ _ NNP 12162 592 4 : : : 12162 592 5 Codice Codice NNP 12162 592 6 Diplomatico Diplomatico NNP 12162 592 7 Toscano Toscano NNP 12162 592 8 . . . 12162 593 1 Firenze Firenze NNP 12162 593 2 , , , 12162 593 3 1806 1806 CD 12162 593 4 . . . 12162 594 1 _ _ NNP 12162 594 2 Canciani Canciani NNP 12162 594 3 , , , 12162 594 4 Paolo Paolo NNP 12162 594 5 _ _ NNP 12162 594 6 : : : 12162 594 7 Barbarorum Barbarorum NNP 12162 594 8 Leges Leges NNP 12162 594 9 Antiquae Antiquae NNP 12162 594 10 , , , 12162 594 11 etc etc FW 12162 594 12 . . . 12162 595 1 Venetiis Venetiis NNP 12162 595 2 , , , 12162 595 3 1781 1781 CD 12162 595 4 - - SYM 12162 595 5 1792 1792 CD 12162 595 6 . . . 12162 596 1 ( ( -LRB- 12162 596 2 Formulae Formulae NNP 12162 596 3 Baluzii Baluzii NNP 12162 596 4 , , , 12162 596 5 Marcolfi Marcolfi NNP 12162 596 6 & & CC 12162 596 7 Mabillon Mabillon NNP 12162 596 8 . . . 12162 596 9 ) ) -RRB- 12162 597 1 _ _ NNP 12162 597 2 Chronica Chronica NNP 12162 597 3 Farfensis Farfensis NNP 12162 597 4 _ _ NNP 12162 597 5 . . . 12162 598 1 v. v. NNP 12162 598 2 _ _ NNP 12162 598 3 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 598 4 _ _ NNP 12162 598 5 : : : 12162 598 6 Script Script NNP 12162 598 7 . . . 12162 599 1 Rer Rer NNP 12162 599 2 . . . 12162 600 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 600 2 . . NNP 12162 600 3 , , , 12162 600 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 600 5 . . . 12162 601 1 II II NNP 12162 601 2 . . NNP 12162 601 3 , , , 12162 601 4 Pars Pars NNP 12162 601 5 II II NNP 12162 601 6 . . . 12162 602 1 _ _ NNP 12162 602 2 Eichhorn Eichhorn NNP 12162 602 3 _ _ NNP 12162 602 4 : : : 12162 602 5 Deutsche Deutsche NNP 12162 602 6 Staats- Staats- NNP 12162 602 7 und und VB 12162 602 8 Rechtsgeschichte Rechtsgeschichte NNP 12162 602 9 . . . 12162 603 1 Gött Gött NNP 12162 603 2 . . . 12162 603 3 , , , 12162 603 4 1803 1803 CD 12162 603 5 - - SYM 12162 603 6 23 23 CD 12162 603 7 . . . 12162 604 1 _ _ NNP 12162 604 2 Fumagalli Fumagalli NNP 12162 604 3 , , , 12162 604 4 Angelo Angelo NNP 12162 604 5 _ _ NNP 12162 604 6 : : : 12162 604 7 Codice Codice NNP 12162 604 8 Diplomatico Diplomatico NNP 12162 604 9 S. S. NNP 12162 604 10 Ambrosiano Ambrosiano NNP 12162 604 11 . . . 12162 605 1 Milano Milano NNP 12162 605 2 , , , 12162 605 3 1805 1805 CD 12162 605 4 . . . 12162 606 1 _ _ NNP 12162 606 2 Hegel Hegel NNP 12162 606 3 , , , 12162 606 4 Carl Carl NNP 12162 606 5 _ _ NNP 12162 606 6 : : : 12162 606 7 Geschichte Geschichte NNP 12162 606 8 der der VBP 12162 606 9 Städteverfassung Städteverfassung NNP 12162 606 10 von von NNP 12162 606 11 Italien Italien NNP 12162 606 12 . . . 12162 607 1 Leipzig Leipzig NNP 12162 607 2 , , , 12162 607 3 1847 1847 CD 12162 607 4 . . . 12162 608 1 _ _ NNP 12162 608 2 Leo Leo NNP 12162 608 3 , , , 12162 608 4 Heinrich Heinrich NNP 12162 608 5 _ _ NNP 12162 608 6 : : : 12162 608 7 Verfassung Verfassung NNP 12162 608 8 der der NN 12162 608 9 lombardischen lombardischen NN 12162 608 10 Städte Städte NNP 12162 608 11 . . . 12162 609 1 1820 1820 CD 12162 609 2 . . . 12162 610 1 _ _ NNP 12162 610 2 Liutprandus Liutprandus NNP 12162 610 3 Ticinensis Ticinensis NNP 12162 610 4 _ _ NNP 12162 610 5 : : : 12162 610 6 Opera Opera NNP 12162 610 7 , , , 12162 610 8 v. v. CC 12162 610 9 _ _ NNP 12162 610 10 Pertz Pertz NNP 12162 610 11 _ _ NNP 12162 610 12 , , , 12162 610 13 Monum Monum NNP 12162 610 14 . . . 12162 611 1 ; ; : 12162 611 2 Script Script NNP 12162 611 3 . . NNP 12162 611 4 , , , 12162 611 5 Tom Tom NNP 12162 611 6 . . . 12162 612 1 III iii CD 12162 612 2 . . . 12162 613 1 _ _ NNP 12162 613 2 Lex Lex NNP 12162 613 3 Salica Salica NNP 12162 613 4 _ _ NNP 12162 613 5 . . . 12162 614 1 v. v. NNP 12162 614 2 _ _ NNP 12162 614 3 Canciani Canciani NNP 12162 614 4 _ _ NNP 12162 614 5 : : : 12162 614 6 Barbar Barbar NNP 12162 614 7 . . . 12162 615 1 Leg Leg NNP 12162 615 2 . . . 12162 616 1 Antiq Antiq NNP 12162 616 2 . . . 12162 616 3 , , , 12162 616 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 616 5 . . . 12162 617 1 V. V. NNP 12162 617 2 _ _ NNP 12162 617 3 Lupo Lupo NNP 12162 617 4 , , , 12162 617 5 Mario Mario NNP 12162 617 6 _ _ NNP 12162 617 7 : : : 12162 617 8 Codex Codex NNP 12162 617 9 Diplomaticus Diplomaticus NNP 12162 617 10 civitatis civitatis NN 12162 617 11 et et FW 12162 617 12 ecclesiae ecclesiae NN 12162 617 13 Bergomatis Bergomatis NNP 12162 617 14 , , , 12162 617 15 etc etc FW 12162 617 16 . . . 12162 618 1 Bergomi Bergomi NNP 12162 618 2 , , , 12162 618 3 1784 1784 CD 12162 618 4 - - SYM 12162 618 5 1799 1799 CD 12162 618 6 . . . 12162 619 1 Vols vol NNS 12162 619 2 . . . 12162 620 1 2 2 LS 12162 620 2 . . . 12162 621 1 _ _ NNP 12162 621 2 Mabillon Mabillon NNP 12162 621 3 _ _ NNP 12162 621 4 : : : 12162 621 5 De De NNP 12162 621 6 Re Re NNP 12162 621 7 Diplomatica Diplomatica NNP 12162 621 8 . . . 12162 622 1 Parisiis Parisiis NNP 12162 622 2 , , , 12162 622 3 1709 1709 CD 12162 622 4 . . . 12162 623 1 ( ( -LRB- 12162 623 2 General General NNP 12162 623 3 Collection Collection NNP 12162 623 4 . . . 12162 623 5 ) ) -RRB- 12162 624 1 --Annales --Annales : 12162 624 2 Ordinis Ordinis NNP 12162 624 3 S. S. NNP 12162 624 4 Benedicti Benedicti NNP 12162 624 5 . . . 12162 625 1 Parisiis Parisiis NNP 12162 625 2 , , , 12162 625 3 1703 1703 CD 12162 625 4 - - SYM 12162 625 5 39 39 CD 12162 625 6 . . . 12162 626 1 _ _ NNP 12162 626 2 Macchiavelli Macchiavelli NNP 12162 626 3 , , , 12162 626 4 Nicolo Nicolo NNP 12162 626 5 _ _ NNP 12162 626 6 : : : 12162 626 7 Istorie Istorie NNP 12162 626 8 Florentine Florentine NNP 12162 626 9 , , , 12162 626 10 _ _ NNP 12162 626 11 v v NNP 12162 626 12 _ _ NNP 12162 626 13 . . . 12162 627 1 Delle Delle NNP 12162 627 2 Opere Opere NNP 12162 627 3 , , , 12162 627 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 627 5 . . . 12162 628 1 II II NNP 12162 628 2 . . NNP 12162 628 3 , , , 12162 628 4 ed ed NNP 12162 628 5 . . . 12162 629 1 Milano Milano NNP 12162 629 2 , , , 12162 629 3 1804 1804 CD 12162 629 4 . . . 12162 630 1 _ _ NNP 12162 630 2 Migne Migne NNP 12162 630 3 _ _ NNP 12162 630 4 : : : 12162 630 5 Patrologiae Patrologiae NNP 12162 630 6 Cursus Cursus NNP 12162 630 7 Completus Completus NNP 12162 630 8 , , , 12162 630 9 etc etc FW 12162 630 10 . . . 12162 631 1 Series Series NNP 12162 631 2 Latina Latina NNP 12162 631 3 . . . 12162 632 1 _ _ NNP 12162 632 2 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 632 3 _ _ NNP 12162 632 4 : : : 12162 632 5 Scriptores Scriptores NNP 12162 632 6 Rerum Rerum NNP 12162 632 7 Italicarum Italicarum NNP 12162 632 8 . . . 12162 633 1 Mediolani Mediolani NNP 12162 633 2 , , , 12162 633 3 1723.--Dissertazioni 1723.--dissertazioni JJ 12162 633 4 sopra sopra NNP 12162 633 5 le le NNP 12162 633 6 Antichità Antichità NNP 12162 633 7     _SP 12162 633 8 Italiane Italiane NNP 12162 633 9 , , , 12162 633 10 etc etc FW 12162 633 11 . . . 12162 634 1 Roma Roma NNP 12162 634 2 , , , 12162 634 3 1755 1755 CD 12162 634 4 . . . 12162 635 1 _ _ NNP 12162 635 2 Otto Otto NNP 12162 635 3 ( ( -LRB- 12162 635 4 Freising Freising NNP 12162 635 5 ) ) -RRB- 12162 635 6 _ _ NNP 12162 635 7 : : : 12162 635 8 Chron Chron NNP 12162 635 9 . . . 12162 636 1 _ _ NNP 12162 636 2 Pertz Pertz NNP 12162 636 3 _ _ NNP 12162 636 4 : : : 12162 636 5 Monumenta Monumenta NNP 12162 636 6 Germaniae Germaniae NNP 12162 636 7 Historica Historica NNP 12162 636 8 , , , 12162 636 9 etc etc FW 12162 636 10 . . . 12162 637 1 ( ( -LRB- 12162 637 2 Diplom Diplom NNP 12162 637 3 . . . 12162 638 1 ; ; : 12162 638 2 Leges Leges NNP 12162 638 3 ; ; : 12162 638 4 Script Script NNP 12162 638 5 . . . 12162 638 6 ) ) -RRB- 12162 639 1 _ _ NNP 12162 639 2 Paulus Paulus NNP 12162 639 3 Diaconus Diaconus NNP 12162 639 4 _ _ NNP 12162 639 5 : : : 12162 639 6 De De NNP 12162 639 7 Gestis Gestis NNP 12162 639 8 Langobard Langobard NNP 12162 639 9 . . . 12162 640 1 v. v. NNP 12162 640 2 _ _ NNP 12162 640 3 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 640 4 _ _ NNP 12162 640 5 : : : 12162 640 6 Script Script NNP 12162 640 7 . . . 12162 641 1 Rer Rer NNP 12162 641 2 . . . 12162 642 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 642 2 . . NNP 12162 642 3 , , , 12162 642 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 642 5 . . . 12162 643 1 I. I. NNP 12162 644 1 _ _ NNP 12162 644 2 Savigny Savigny NNP 12162 644 3 _ _ NNP 12162 644 4 : : : 12162 644 5 Geschichte Geschichte NNP 12162 644 6 des des NNP 12162 644 7 Romischen Romischen NNP 12162 644 8 Rechts Rechts NNP 12162 644 9 i -PRON- PRP 12162 644 10 m be VBP 12162 644 11 Mittelalter mittelalter NN 12162 644 12 , , , 12162 644 13 etc etc FW 12162 644 14 . . . 12162 645 1 _ _ NNP 12162 645 2 Sismondi Sismondi NNP 12162 645 3 _ _ NNP 12162 645 4 : : : 12162 645 5 Histoire Histoire NNP 12162 645 6 des des FW 12162 645 7 Rà Rà NNP 12162 645 8 © © NNP 12162 645 9 publiques publique VBZ 12162 645 10 Italiennes Italiennes NNPS 12162 645 11 du du NNP 12162 645 12 Moyen Moyen NNP 12162 645 13 Age Age NNP 12162 645 14 . . . 12162 646 1 Paris Paris NNP 12162 646 2 , , , 12162 646 3 1840 1840 CD 12162 646 4 . . . 12162 647 1 _ _ NNP 12162 647 2 Tacitus Tacitus NNP 12162 647 3 _ _ NNP 12162 647 4 : : : 12162 647 5 Germania Germania NNP 12162 647 6 . . . 12162 648 1 _ _ NNP 12162 648 2 Tiraboschi Tiraboschi NNP 12162 648 3 , , , 12162 648 4 Girol Girol NNP 12162 648 5 _ _ NNP 12162 648 6 : : : 12162 648 7 Storia Storia NNP 12162 648 8 della della NN 12162 648 9 Badia Badia NNP 12162 648 10 di di FW 12162 648 11 S. S. NNP 12162 648 12 Silvestro Silvestro NNP 12162 648 13 di di FW 12162 648 14 Nonantula Nonantula NNP 12162 648 15 , , , 12162 648 16 etc etc FW 12162 648 17 . . . 12162 649 1 Modena Modena NNP 12162 649 2 , , , 12162 649 3 1784 1784 CD 12162 649 4 - - SYM 12162 649 5 1785 1785 CD 12162 649 6 . . . 12162 650 1 _ _ NNP 12162 650 2 Tomasini Tomasini NNP 12162 650 3 , , , 12162 650 4 Ludov Ludov NNP 12162 650 5 . . . 12162 650 6 _ _ XX 12162 650 7 : : : 12162 650 8 Dei Dei NNP 12162 650 9 Benefizii Benefizii NNP 12162 650 10 . . . 12162 651 1 _ _ NNP 12162 651 2 Tommasio Tommasio NNP 12162 651 3 _ _ NNP 12162 651 4 : : : 12162 651 5 Historia Historia NNP 12162 651 6 sanese sanese NN 12162 651 7 . . . 12162 652 1 _ _ NNP 12162 652 2 Troya Troya NNP 12162 652 3 _ _ NNP 12162 652 4 : : : 12162 652 5 Delia Delia NNP 12162 652 6 Condizione Condizione NNP 12162 652 7 dei dei NNP 12162 652 8 Romani Romani NNP 12162 652 9 , , , 12162 652 10 etc etc FW 12162 652 11 . . . 12162 653 1 _ _ NNP 12162 653 2 Ughelli Ughelli NNP 12162 653 3 _ _ NNP 12162 653 4 : : : 12162 653 5 Italia Italia NNP 12162 653 6 Sacra Sacra NNP 12162 653 7 . . . 12162 654 1 10 10 CD 12162 654 2 vols vol NNS 12162 654 3 . . . 12162 655 1 fol fol NNP 12162 655 2 . . . 12162 656 1 Venetiis Venetiis NNP 12162 656 2 , , , 12162 656 3 1717 1717 CD 12162 656 4 - - SYM 12162 656 5 1722 1722 CD 12162 656 6 . . . 12162 657 1 Collections collection NNS 12162 657 2 of of IN 12162 657 3 documents document NNS 12162 657 4 in in IN 12162 657 5 the the DT 12162 657 6 _ _ NNP 12162 657 7 Archivii Archivii NNP 12162 657 8 _ _ NNP 12162 657 9 of of IN 12162 657 10 many many JJ 12162 657 11 cities city NNS 12162 657 12 of of IN 12162 657 13 Northern Northern NNP 12162 657 14 Italy Italy NNP 12162 657 15 . . . 12162 658 1 N.B.--The n.b.--the CD 12162 658 2 above above JJ 12162 658 3 list list NN 12162 658 4 is be VBZ 12162 658 5 restricted restrict VBN 12162 658 6 to to IN 12162 658 7 those those DT 12162 658 8 works work NNS 12162 658 9 to to TO 12162 658 10 which which WDT 12162 658 11 direct direct JJ 12162 658 12 reference reference NN 12162 658 13 is be VBZ 12162 658 14 made make VBN 12162 658 15 in in IN 12162 658 16 the the DT 12162 658 17 text text NN 12162 658 18 and and CC 12162 658 19 foot foot NN 12162 658 20 - - HYPH 12162 658 21 notes note NNS 12162 658 22 . . . 12162 659 1 FOOTNOTES footnote NNS 12162 659 2 : : : 12162 659 3 [ [ -LRB- 12162 659 4 1 1 CD 12162 659 5 : : : 12162 659 6 ] ] -RRB- 12162 659 7 _ _ NNP 12162 659 8 Paulus Paulus NNP 12162 659 9 Diaconus Diaconus NNP 12162 659 10 _ _ NNP 12162 659 11 : : : 12162 659 12 De De NNP 12162 659 13 Gest Gest NNP 12162 659 14 . . . 12162 660 1 Lang Lang NNP 12162 660 2 . . NNP 12162 660 3 , , , 12162 660 4 Lib Lib NNP 12162 660 5 . . . 12162 661 1 II II NNP 12162 661 2 . . NNP 12162 661 3 , , , 12162 661 4 c. c. NNP 12162 661 5 32 32 CD 12162 661 6 . . . 12162 661 7 v. v. CC 12162 661 8 _ _ NNP 12162 661 9 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 661 10 _ _ NNP 12162 661 11 : : : 12162 661 12 Script Script NNP 12162 661 13 . . . 12162 662 1 Rer Rer NNP 12162 662 2 . . . 12162 663 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 663 2 . . NNP 12162 663 3 , , , 12162 663 4 T. T. NNP 12162 663 5 I. I. NNP 12162 663 6 , , , 12162 663 7 p. p. NN 12162 663 8 436 436 CD 12162 663 9 . . . 12162 664 1 The the DT 12162 664 2 Gothic Gothic NNP 12162 664 3 system system NN 12162 664 4 was be VBD 12162 664 5 to to TO 12162 664 6 take take VB 12162 664 7 one one CD 12162 664 8 - - HYPH 12162 664 9 third third NN 12162 664 10 of of IN 12162 664 11 the the DT 12162 664 12 land land NN 12162 664 13 itself -PRON- PRP 12162 664 14 from from IN 12162 664 15 the the DT 12162 664 16 conquered conquered JJ 12162 664 17 people people NNS 12162 664 18 ; ; : 12162 664 19 the the DT 12162 664 20 Lombards Lombards NNPS 12162 664 21 on on IN 12162 664 22 the the DT 12162 664 23 other other JJ 12162 664 24 hand hand NN 12162 664 25 took take VBD 12162 664 26 one one CD 12162 664 27 - - HYPH 12162 664 28 third third NN 12162 664 29 of of IN 12162 664 30 the the DT 12162 664 31 produce produce NN 12162 664 32 , , , 12162 664 33 " " '' 12162 664 34 _ _ NNP 12162 664 35 frugum frugum NN 12162 664 36 _ _ NNP 12162 664 37 . . . 12162 664 38 " " '' 12162 665 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 665 2 2 2 CD 12162 665 3 : : : 12162 665 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 665 5 With with IN 12162 665 6 the the DT 12162 665 7 growth growth NN 12162 665 8 of of IN 12162 665 9 society society NN 12162 665 10 and and CC 12162 665 11 the the DT 12162 665 12 increase increase NN 12162 665 13 of of IN 12162 665 14 population population NN 12162 665 15 , , , 12162 665 16 the the DT 12162 665 17 _ _ NNP 12162 665 18 milites milite NNS 12162 665 19 _ _ NNP 12162 665 20 gain gain NN 12162 665 21 added add VBN 12162 665 22 power power NN 12162 665 23 , , , 12162 665 24 and and CC 12162 665 25 become become VB 12162 665 26 the the DT 12162 665 27 " " `` 12162 665 28 _ _ NNP 12162 665 29 catanei catanei NNP 12162 665 30 _ _ NNP 12162 665 31 , , , 12162 665 32 " " `` 12162 665 33 the the DT 12162 665 34 barons baron NNS 12162 665 35 of of IN 12162 665 36 the the DT 12162 665 37 period period NN 12162 665 38 , , , 12162 665 39 or or CC 12162 665 40 as as IN 12162 665 41 some some DT 12162 665 42 are be VBP 12162 665 43 pleased pleased JJ 12162 665 44 to to TO 12162 665 45 call call VB 12162 665 46 them -PRON- PRP 12162 665 47 , , , 12162 665 48 the the DT 12162 665 49 " " `` 12162 665 50 rural rural JJ 12162 665 51 counts count NNS 12162 665 52 . . . 12162 665 53 " " '' 12162 666 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 666 2 3 3 CD 12162 666 3 : : : 12162 666 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 666 5 _ _ NNP 12162 666 6 Tacitus Tacitus NNP 12162 666 7 _ _ NNP 12162 666 8 : : : 12162 666 9 Germania Germania NNP 12162 666 10 , , , 12162 666 11 cap cap NN 12162 666 12 . . . 12162 667 1 xvi xvi NNP 12162 667 2 . . . 12162 668 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 668 2 4 4 CD 12162 668 3 : : : 12162 668 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 668 5 The the DT 12162 668 6 Sagas Sagas NNP 12162 668 7 say say VBP 12162 668 8 the the DT 12162 668 9 Lombards Lombards NNPS 12162 668 10 came come VBD 12162 668 11 originally originally RB 12162 668 12 from from IN 12162 668 13 Scandinavia Scandinavia NNP 12162 668 14 . . . 12162 669 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 669 2 name name NN 12162 669 3 is be VBZ 12162 669 4 commonly commonly RB 12162 669 5 derived derive VBN 12162 669 6 from from IN 12162 669 7 " " `` 12162 669 8 Long Long NNP 12162 669 9 - - HYPH 12162 669 10 beard beard NN 12162 669 11 , , , 12162 669 12 " " '' 12162 669 13 but but CC 12162 669 14 more more RBR 12162 669 15 probably probably RB 12162 669 16 came come VBD 12162 669 17 from from IN 12162 669 18 words word NNS 12162 669 19 signifying signify VBG 12162 669 20 " " `` 12162 669 21 a a DT 12162 669 22 long long JJ 12162 669 23 stretch stretch NN 12162 669 24 of of IN 12162 669 25 land land NN 12162 669 26 . . . 12162 669 27 " " '' 12162 670 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 670 2 first first JJ 12162 670 3 appearance appearance NN 12162 670 4 in in IN 12162 670 5 history history NN 12162 670 6 is be VBZ 12162 670 7 during during IN 12162 670 8 the the DT 12162 670 9 first first JJ 12162 670 10 century century NN 12162 670 11 of of IN 12162 670 12 the the DT 12162 670 13 Christian christian JJ 12162 670 14 era era NN 12162 670 15 , , , 12162 670 16 in in IN 12162 670 17 the the DT 12162 670 18 region region NN 12162 670 19 of of IN 12162 670 20 Magdeburg Magdeburg NNP 12162 670 21 . . . 12162 671 1 All all DT 12162 671 2 trace trace NN 12162 671 3 of of IN 12162 671 4 them -PRON- PRP 12162 671 5 is be VBZ 12162 671 6 then then RB 12162 671 7 lost lose VBN 12162 671 8 till till IN 12162 671 9 they -PRON- PRP 12162 671 10 reappear reappear VBP 12162 671 11 in in IN 12162 671 12 the the DT 12162 671 13 fifth fifth JJ 12162 671 14 century century NN 12162 671 15 on on IN 12162 671 16 the the DT 12162 671 17 banks bank NNS 12162 671 18 of of IN 12162 671 19 the the DT 12162 671 20 Oder Oder NNP 12162 671 21 ; ; : 12162 671 22 they -PRON- PRP 12162 671 23 then then RB 12162 671 24 go go VBP 12162 671 25 south south RB 12162 671 26 to to IN 12162 671 27 the the DT 12162 671 28 river river NN 12162 671 29 Theiss Theiss NNP 12162 671 30 . . . 12162 672 1 They -PRON- PRP 12162 672 2 are be VBP 12162 672 3 in in IN 12162 672 4 a a DT 12162 672 5 constant constant JJ 12162 672 6 state state NN 12162 672 7 of of IN 12162 672 8 war war NN 12162 672 9 with with IN 12162 672 10 the the DT 12162 672 11 Gepidae Gepidae NNP 12162 672 12 , , , 12162 672 13 a a DT 12162 672 14 tribe tribe NN 12162 672 15 nearly nearly RB 12162 672 16 as as RB 12162 672 17 fierce fierce JJ 12162 672 18 as as IN 12162 672 19 themselves -PRON- PRP 12162 672 20 , , , 12162 672 21 which which WDT 12162 672 22 strife strife NN 12162 672 23 is be VBZ 12162 672 24 supposed suppose VBN 12162 672 25 to to TO 12162 672 26 have have VB 12162 672 27 been be VBN 12162 672 28 fomented foment VBN 12162 672 29 by by IN 12162 672 30 the the DT 12162 672 31 eastern eastern JJ 12162 672 32 emperors emperor NNS 12162 672 33 . . . 12162 673 1 In in IN 12162 673 2 the the DT 12162 673 3 year year NN 12162 673 4 567 567 CD 12162 673 5 the the DT 12162 673 6 Lombards Lombards NNPS 12162 673 7 , , , 12162 673 8 under under IN 12162 673 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 673 10 king king NN 12162 673 11 Alboin Alboin NNP 12162 673 12 , , , 12162 673 13 together together RB 12162 673 14 with with IN 12162 673 15 the the DT 12162 673 16 Avars Avars NNP 12162 673 17 , , , 12162 673 18 begin begin VB 12162 673 19 to to TO 12162 673 20 move move VB 12162 673 21 into into IN 12162 673 22 Pannonia Pannonia NNP 12162 673 23 from from IN 12162 673 24 Dacia Dacia NNP 12162 673 25 and and CC 12162 673 26 the the DT 12162 673 27 region region NN 12162 673 28 of of IN 12162 673 29 the the DT 12162 673 30 Don Don NNP 12162 673 31 . . . 12162 674 1 Kunnemund Kunnemund NNP 12162 674 2 , , , 12162 674 3 the the DT 12162 674 4 king king NN 12162 674 5 of of IN 12162 674 6 the the DT 12162 674 7 Gepidae Gepidae NNP 12162 674 8 , , , 12162 674 9 is be VBZ 12162 674 10 killed kill VBN 12162 674 11 , , , 12162 674 12 and and CC 12162 674 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 674 14 conquered conquered JJ 12162 674 15 people people NNS 12162 674 16 merged merge VBN 12162 674 17 in in IN 12162 674 18 the the DT 12162 674 19 race race NN 12162 674 20 of of IN 12162 674 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 674 22 conquerors conqueror NNS 12162 674 23 . . . 12162 675 1 In in IN 12162 675 2 the the DT 12162 675 3 next next JJ 12162 675 4 year year NN 12162 675 5 , , , 12162 675 6 still still RB 12162 675 7 victorious victorious JJ 12162 675 8 , , , 12162 675 9 they -PRON- PRP 12162 675 10 overrun overrun VBP 12162 675 11 Northern Northern NNP 12162 675 12 Italy Italy NNP 12162 675 13 . . . 12162 676 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 676 2 5 5 CD 12162 676 3 : : : 12162 676 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 676 5 Some some DT 12162 676 6 of of IN 12162 676 7 these these DT 12162 676 8 cities city NNS 12162 676 9 were be VBD 12162 676 10 enabled enable VBN 12162 676 11 to to TO 12162 676 12 hold hold VB 12162 676 13 out out RP 12162 676 14 for for IN 12162 676 15 a a DT 12162 676 16 considerable considerable JJ 12162 676 17 period period NN 12162 676 18 . . . 12162 677 1 Pavia Pavia NNP 12162 677 2 was be VBD 12162 677 3 not not RB 12162 677 4 taken take VBN 12162 677 5 till till IN 12162 677 6 572 572 CD 12162 677 7 . . . 12162 678 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 678 2 6 6 CD 12162 678 3 : : : 12162 678 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 678 5 To to IN 12162 678 6 these these DT 12162 678 7 seaports seaport NNS 12162 678 8 some some DT 12162 678 9 of of IN 12162 678 10 the the DT 12162 678 11 functionaries functionary NNS 12162 678 12 of of IN 12162 678 13 the the DT 12162 678 14 inland inland JJ 12162 678 15 towns town NNS 12162 678 16 , , , 12162 678 17 especially especially RB 12162 678 18 among among IN 12162 678 19 the the DT 12162 678 20 clergy clergy NN 12162 678 21 , , , 12162 678 22 were be VBD 12162 678 23 able able JJ 12162 678 24 to to TO 12162 678 25 effect effect VB 12162 678 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 678 27 escape escape NN 12162 678 28 . . . 12162 679 1 For for IN 12162 679 2 instance instance NN 12162 679 3 , , , 12162 679 4 the the DT 12162 679 5 Archbishop Archbishop NNP 12162 679 6 of of IN 12162 679 7 Milan Milan NNP 12162 679 8 fled flee VBD 12162 679 9 to to IN 12162 679 10 Genoa Genoa NNP 12162 679 11 , , , 12162 679 12 and and CC 12162 679 13 the the DT 12162 679 14 Archbishop Archbishop NNP 12162 679 15 of of IN 12162 679 16 Aquileja Aquileja NNP 12162 679 17 to to IN 12162 679 18 Venice Venice NNP 12162 679 19 . . . 12162 680 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 680 2 7 7 CD 12162 680 3 : : : 12162 680 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 680 5 The the DT 12162 680 6 Christianity Christianity NNP 12162 680 7 of of IN 12162 680 8 the the DT 12162 680 9 Lombards Lombards NNPS 12162 680 10 of of IN 12162 680 11 the the DT 12162 680 12 invasion invasion NN 12162 680 13 was be VBD 12162 680 14 of of IN 12162 680 15 the the DT 12162 680 16 Arian arian JJ 12162 680 17 form form NN 12162 680 18 . . . 12162 681 1 Autari Autari NNP 12162 681 2 , , , 12162 681 3 who who WP 12162 681 4 reigned reign VBD 12162 681 5 from from IN 12162 681 6 584 584 CD 12162 681 7 to to IN 12162 681 8 591 591 CD 12162 681 9 , , , 12162 681 10 married married JJ 12162 681 11 Theodolinda Theodolinda NNP 12162 681 12 of of IN 12162 681 13 Bavaria Bavaria NNP 12162 681 14 , , , 12162 681 15 and and CC 12162 681 16 she -PRON- PRP 12162 681 17 first first RB 12162 681 18 introduced introduce VBD 12162 681 19 orthodox orthodox JJ 12162 681 20 Christianity Christianity NNP 12162 681 21 . . . 12162 682 1 At at IN 12162 682 2 the the DT 12162 682 3 death death NN 12162 682 4 of of IN 12162 682 5 Autari Autari NNP 12162 682 6 she -PRON- PRP 12162 682 7 married marry VBD 12162 682 8 Agiluf Agiluf NNP 12162 682 9 ( ( -LRB- 12162 682 10 591 591 CD 12162 682 11 - - SYM 12162 682 12 615 615 CD 12162 682 13 ) ) -RRB- 12162 682 14 duke duke NN 12162 682 15 of of IN 12162 682 16 Turin Turin NNP 12162 682 17 , , , 12162 682 18 who who WP 12162 682 19 was be VBD 12162 682 20 an an DT 12162 682 21 Arian Arian NNP 12162 682 22 , , , 12162 682 23 but but CC 12162 682 24 who who WP 12162 682 25 pursued pursue VBD 12162 682 26 a a DT 12162 682 27 mediative mediative JJ 12162 682 28 policy policy NN 12162 682 29 . . . 12162 683 1 During during IN 12162 683 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 683 3 reign reign NN 12162 683 4 a a DT 12162 683 5 double double JJ 12162 683 6 ecclesiastical ecclesiastical JJ 12162 683 7 system system NN 12162 683 8 , , , 12162 683 9 with with IN 12162 683 10 orthodox orthodox JJ 12162 683 11 and and CC 12162 683 12 Arian arian JJ 12162 683 13 bishops bishop NNS 12162 683 14 side side NN 12162 683 15 by by IN 12162 683 16 side side NN 12162 683 17 , , , 12162 683 18 was be VBD 12162 683 19 maintained maintain VBN 12162 683 20 . . . 12162 684 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 684 2 8 8 CD 12162 684 3 : : : 12162 684 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 684 5 Justinian Justinian NNP 12162 684 6 gave give VBD 12162 684 7 him -PRON- PRP 12162 684 8 the the DT 12162 684 9 right right NN 12162 684 10 to to TO 12162 684 11 exercise exercise VB 12162 684 12 , , , 12162 684 13 in in IN 12162 684 14 reference reference NN 12162 684 15 to to IN 12162 684 16 each each DT 12162 684 17 city city NN 12162 684 18 , , , 12162 684 19 the the DT 12162 684 20 functions function NNS 12162 684 21 of of IN 12162 684 22 the the DT 12162 684 23 governor governor NN 12162 684 24 of of IN 12162 684 25 the the DT 12162 684 26 province province NN 12162 684 27 , , , 12162 684 28 during during IN 12162 684 29 the the DT 12162 684 30 latter latter NN 12162 684 31 's 's POS 12162 684 32 absence absence NN 12162 684 33 ; ; : 12162 684 34 and and CC 12162 684 35 granted grant VBD 12162 684 36 him -PRON- PRP 12162 684 37 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 684 38 in in IN 12162 684 39 all all DT 12162 684 40 cases case NNS 12162 684 41 not not RB 12162 684 42 involving involve VBG 12162 684 43 a a DT 12162 684 44 larger large JJR 12162 684 45 sum sum NN 12162 684 46 than than IN 12162 684 47 300 300 CD 12162 684 48 _ _ NNP 12162 684 49 aurei aurei NN 12162 684 50 _ _ NN 12162 684 51 . . . 12162 685 1 He -PRON- PRP 12162 685 2 had have VBD 12162 685 3 a a DT 12162 685 4 certain certain JJ 12162 685 5 amount amount NN 12162 685 6 of of IN 12162 685 7 authority authority NN 12162 685 8 in in IN 12162 685 9 criminal criminal JJ 12162 685 10 matters matter NNS 12162 685 11 , , , 12162 685 12 and and CC 12162 685 13 two two CD 12162 685 14 apparitors apparitor NNS 12162 685 15 were be VBD 12162 685 16 attached attach VBN 12162 685 17 to to IN 12162 685 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 685 19 person person NN 12162 685 20 . . . 12162 686 1 The the DT 12162 686 2 _ _ NNP 12162 686 3 defensores defensore NNS 12162 686 4 _ _ NNP 12162 686 5 had have VBD 12162 686 6 two two CD 12162 686 7 guarantees guarantee NNS 12162 686 8 for for IN 12162 686 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 686 10 power power NN 12162 686 11 and and CC 12162 686 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 686 13 independence independence NN 12162 686 14 . . . 12162 687 1 1 1 LS 12162 687 2 . . . 12162 688 1 They -PRON- PRP 12162 688 2 had have VBD 12162 688 3 the the DT 12162 688 4 right right NN 12162 688 5 of of IN 12162 688 6 passing pass VBG 12162 688 7 over over RP 12162 688 8 the the DT 12162 688 9 various various JJ 12162 688 10 degrees degree NNS 12162 688 11 in in IN 12162 688 12 the the DT 12162 688 13 public public JJ 12162 688 14 administration administration NN 12162 688 15 , , , 12162 688 16 and and CC 12162 688 17 of of IN 12162 688 18 carrying carry VBG 12162 688 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 688 20 complaints complaint NNS 12162 688 21 at at IN 12162 688 22 once once RB 12162 688 23 before before IN 12162 688 24 the the DT 12162 688 25 praetorian praetorian NNP 12162 688 26 prefect prefect NNP 12162 688 27 ; ; : 12162 688 28 this this DT 12162 688 29 freed free VBD 12162 688 30 them -PRON- PRP 12162 688 31 from from IN 12162 688 32 the the DT 12162 688 33 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 12162 688 34 of of IN 12162 688 35 the the DT 12162 688 36 provincial provincial JJ 12162 688 37 authorities authority NNS 12162 688 38 . . . 12162 689 1 2 2 LS 12162 689 2 . . . 12162 690 1 They -PRON- PRP 12162 690 2 were be VBD 12162 690 3 elected elect VBN 12162 690 4 by by IN 12162 690 5 the the DT 12162 690 6 general general JJ 12162 690 7 body body NN 12162 690 8 of of IN 12162 690 9 the the DT 12162 690 10 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 12162 690 11 of of IN 12162 690 12 the the DT 12162 690 13 _ _ NNP 12162 690 14 municipium municipium NN 12162 690 15 _ _ NNP 12162 690 16 . . . 12162 691 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 691 2 9 9 CD 12162 691 3 : : : 12162 691 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 691 5 _ _ NNP 12162 691 6 Paulus Paulus NNP 12162 691 7 Diaconus Diaconus NNP 12162 691 8 _ _ NNP 12162 691 9 : : : 12162 691 10 Lib Lib NNP 12162 691 11 . . . 12162 692 1 V. V. NNP 12162 692 2 , , , 12162 692 3 7 7 CD 12162 692 4 , , , 12162 692 5 17 17 CD 12162 692 6 , , , 12162 692 7 18 18 CD 12162 692 8 . . . 12162 693 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 693 2 10 10 CD 12162 693 3 : : : 12162 693 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 693 5 His -PRON- PRP$ 12162 693 6 words word NNS 12162 693 7 are be VBP 12162 693 8 : : : 12162 693 9 " " `` 12162 693 10 Erano Erano NNP 12162 693 11 stati stati VBZ 12162 693 12 i i PRP 12162 693 13 Longobardi Longobardi NNP 12162 693 14 dugento dugento NNP 12162 693 15 ventidue ventidue JJ 12162 693 16 anni anni NNP 12162 693 17 in in IN 12162 693 18 Italia Italia NNP 12162 693 19 , , , 12162 693 20 e e LS 12162 693 21 di di NNP 12162 693 22 già già NNP 12162 693 23     _SP 12162 693 24 non non AFX 12162 693 25 ritenevano ritenevano NN 12162 693 26 di di FW 12162 693 27 forastieri forastieri NN 12162 693 28 altro altro NNP 12162 693 29 che che NNP 12162 693 30 il il NNP 12162 693 31 nome nome NNP 12162 693 32 . . . 12162 693 33 " " '' 12162 694 1 --_Nicolò --_Nicolò NNP 12162 694 2 Macchiavelli Macchiavelli NNP 12162 694 3 _ _ NNP 12162 694 4 : : : 12162 694 5 Istorie Istorie NNP 12162 694 6 Fiorentine Fiorentine NNP 12162 694 7 , , , 12162 694 8 Lib Lib NNP 12162 694 9 . . . 12162 695 1 I. I. NNP 12162 696 1 _ _ NNP 12162 696 2 vid vid NNP 12162 696 3 _ _ NNP 12162 696 4 . . . 12162 697 1 Opere Opere NNP 12162 697 2 , , , 12162 697 3 Vol Vol NNP 12162 697 4 . . . 12162 698 1 III III NNP 12162 698 2 . . NNP 12162 698 3 , , , 12162 698 4 p. p. NN 12162 698 5 219 219 CD 12162 698 6 ( ( -LRB- 12162 698 7 ed ed NN 12162 698 8 . . . 12162 699 1 Milano Milano NNP 12162 699 2 , , , 12162 699 3 1804 1804 CD 12162 699 4 ) ) -RRB- 12162 699 5 . . . 12162 700 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 700 2 11 11 CD 12162 700 3 : : : 12162 700 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 700 5 It -PRON- PRP 12162 700 6 is be VBZ 12162 700 7 difficult difficult JJ 12162 700 8 to to TO 12162 700 9 draw draw VB 12162 700 10 any any DT 12162 700 11 picture picture NN 12162 700 12 of of IN 12162 700 13 the the DT 12162 700 14 different different JJ 12162 700 15 ranks rank NNS 12162 700 16 of of IN 12162 700 17 society society NN 12162 700 18 at at IN 12162 700 19 this this DT 12162 700 20 period period NN 12162 700 21 , , , 12162 700 22 which which WDT 12162 700 23 would would MD 12162 700 24 at at IN 12162 700 25 once once RB 12162 700 26 be be VB 12162 700 27 perfectly perfectly RB 12162 700 28 accurate accurate JJ 12162 700 29 , , , 12162 700 30 and and CC 12162 700 31 yet yet RB 12162 700 32 definite definite JJ 12162 700 33 enough enough RB 12162 700 34 to to TO 12162 700 35 give give VB 12162 700 36 entire entire JJ 12162 700 37 satisfaction satisfaction NN 12162 700 38 to to IN 12162 700 39 the the DT 12162 700 40 student student NN 12162 700 41 . . . 12162 701 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 701 2 12 12 CD 12162 701 3 : : : 12162 701 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 701 5 Geschichte Geschichte NNP 12162 701 6 des des NNP 12162 701 7 römischen römischen NNP 12162 701 8 Rechts Rechts NNP 12162 701 9 i -PRON- PRP 12162 701 10 m be VBP 12162 701 11 Mittelalter Mittelalter NNP 12162 701 12 , , , 12162 701 13 _ _ NNP 12162 701 14 passim passim NN 12162 701 15 _ _ NNP 12162 701 16 . . . 12162 702 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 702 2 13 13 CD 12162 702 3 : : : 12162 702 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 702 5 _ _ NNP 12162 702 6 Brunetti Brunetti NNP 12162 702 7 _ _ NNP 12162 702 8 : : : 12162 702 9 Cod cod NN 12162 702 10 . . . 12162 703 1 Diplom Diplom NNP 12162 703 2 . . . 12162 704 1 Toscan Toscan NNP 12162 704 2 . . . 12162 705 1 Firenze firenze RB 12162 705 2 , , , 12162 705 3 1806 1806 CD 12162 705 4 , , , 12162 705 5 Docum Docum NNP 12162 705 6 . . . 12162 706 1 No no UH 12162 706 2 . . . 12162 707 1 44 44 CD 12162 707 2 . . . 12162 708 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 708 2 14 14 CD 12162 708 3 : : : 12162 708 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 708 5 _ _ NNP 12162 708 6 Idem Idem NNP 12162 708 7 _ _ NNP 12162 708 8 . . . 12162 709 1 Docum docum VB 12162 709 2 . . . 12162 710 1 No no UH 12162 710 2 . . . 12162 711 1 8 8 LS 12162 711 2 . . . 12162 712 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 712 2 15 15 CD 12162 712 3 : : : 12162 712 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 712 5 _ _ NNP 12162 712 6 Brunetti Brunetti NNP 12162 712 7 _ _ NNP 12162 712 8 : : : 12162 712 9 Cod cod NN 12162 712 10 . . . 12162 713 1 Diplom Diplom NNP 12162 713 2 . . . 12162 714 1 Toscan Toscan NNP 12162 714 2 . . . 12162 715 1 Docum docum VB 12162 715 2 . . . 12162 716 1 Nos nos UH 12162 716 2 . . . 12162 717 1 6 6 CD 12162 717 2 - - SYM 12162 717 3 10 10 CD 12162 717 4 . . . 12162 718 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 718 2 16 16 CD 12162 718 3 : : : 12162 718 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 718 5 _ _ NNP 12162 718 6 Idem Idem NNP 12162 718 7 _ _ NNP 12162 718 8 . . . 12162 719 1 Docum docum VB 12162 719 2 . . . 12162 720 1 No no UH 12162 720 2 . . . 12162 721 1 43 43 CD 12162 721 2 . . . 12162 722 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 722 2 17 17 CD 12162 722 3 : : : 12162 722 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 722 5 _ _ NNP 12162 722 6 Liutprandi Liutprandi NNP 12162 722 7 _ _ NNP 12162 722 8 : : : 12162 722 9 Leg Leg NNP 12162 722 10 . . . 12162 723 1 Long long RB 12162 723 2 . . . 12162 724 1 Prolog Prolog NNP 12162 724 2 . . . 12162 725 1 Anni Anni NNP 12162 725 2 XVI XVI NNP 12162 725 3 . . . 12162 726 1 et et FW 12162 726 2 XV XV NNP 12162 726 3 . . . 12162 727 1 et et NNP 12162 727 2 al al NNP 12162 727 3 . . . 12162 728 1 Vid Vid NNP 12162 728 2 . . . 12162 729 1 _ _ NNP 12162 729 2 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 729 3 _ _ NNP 12162 729 4 : : : 12162 729 5 Script Script NNP 12162 729 6 . . . 12162 730 1 Rer Rer NNP 12162 730 2 . . . 12162 731 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 731 2 . . NNP 12162 731 3 , , , 12162 731 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 731 5 . . . 12162 732 1 I. I. NNP 12162 732 2 , , , 12162 732 3 P. P. NNP 12162 733 1 II II NNP 12162 733 2 . . NNP 12162 733 3 , , , 12162 733 4 p. p. NN 12162 733 5 15 15 CD 12162 733 6 , , , 12162 733 7 et et NN 12162 733 8 seq seq NN 12162 733 9 . . . 12162 734 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 734 2 18 18 CD 12162 734 3 : : : 12162 734 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 734 5 _ _ NNP 12162 734 6 Liutprandi Liutprandi NNP 12162 734 7 _ _ NNP 12162 734 8 : : : 12162 734 9 Leg Leg NNP 12162 734 10 . . . 12162 735 1 Prolog Prolog NNP 12162 735 2 . . . 12162 736 1 Anni Anni NNP 12162 736 2 XIII XIII NNP 12162 736 3 . . . 12162 737 1 Vid Vid NNP 12162 737 2 . . . 12162 738 1 _ _ NNP 12162 738 2 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 738 3 _ _ NNP 12162 738 4 : : : 12162 738 5 Script Script NNP 12162 738 6 . . . 12162 739 1 Rer Rer NNP 12162 739 2 . . . 12162 740 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 740 2 . . NNP 12162 740 3 , , , 12162 740 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 740 5 . . . 12162 741 1 I. I. NNP 12162 741 2 , , , 12162 741 3 P. P. NNP 12162 742 1 II II NNP 12162 742 2 . . NNP 12162 742 3 , , , 12162 742 4 p. p. NN 12162 742 5 15 15 CD 12162 742 6 . . . 12162 743 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 743 2 19 19 CD 12162 743 3 : : : 12162 743 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 743 5 _ _ NNP 12162 743 6 Crimoaldi Crimoaldi NNP 12162 743 7 _ _ NNP 12162 743 8 : : : 12162 743 9 Leg Leg NNP 12162 743 10 . . . 12162 744 1 Prolog Prolog NNP 12162 744 2 . . . 12162 745 1 Vid Vid NNP 12162 745 2 . . . 12162 746 1 _ _ NNP 12162 746 2 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 746 3 _ _ NNP 12162 746 4 op op NN 12162 746 5 . . . 12162 747 1 cit cit NNP 12162 747 2 . . . 12162 748 1 Tom Tom NNP 12162 748 2 . . . 12162 749 1 I. I. NNP 12162 749 2 , , , 12162 749 3 P. P. NNP 12162 750 1 II II NNP 12162 750 2 . . NNP 12162 750 3 , , , 12162 750 4 p. p. NN 12162 750 5 49 49 CD 12162 750 6 . . . 12162 751 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 751 2 20 20 CD 12162 751 3 : : : 12162 751 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 751 5 _ _ NNP 12162 751 6 Liutprandi Liutprandi NNP 12162 751 7 _ _ NNP 12162 751 8 : : : 12162 751 9 Leg Leg NNP 12162 751 10 . . . 12162 752 1 Prolog Prolog NNP 12162 752 2 . . . 12162 753 1 ad ad NNP 12162 753 2 Lib Lib NNP 12162 753 3 . . . 12162 754 1 III iii CD 12162 754 2 . . . 12162 755 1 Vid Vid NNP 12162 755 2 . . . 12162 756 1 _ _ NNP 12162 756 2 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 756 3 _ _ NNP 12162 756 4 : : : 12162 756 5 Script Script NNP 12162 756 6 . . . 12162 757 1 Rer Rer NNP 12162 757 2 . . . 12162 758 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 758 2 . . NNP 12162 758 3 , , , 12162 758 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 758 5 . . . 12162 759 1 I. I. NNP 12162 759 2 , , , 12162 759 3 Pars Pars NNP 12162 759 4 II II NNP 12162 759 5 . . NNP 12162 759 6 , , , 12162 759 7 p. p. NN 12162 759 8 15 15 CD 12162 759 9 . . . 12162 760 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 760 2 21 21 CD 12162 760 3 : : : 12162 760 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 760 5 _ _ NNP 12162 760 6 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 760 7 _ _ NNP 12162 760 8 : : : 12162 760 9 Script Script NNP 12162 760 10 . . . 12162 761 1 Rer Rer NNP 12162 761 2 . . . 12162 762 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 762 2 . . NNP 12162 762 3 , , , 12162 762 4 T. t. NN 12162 763 1 II II NNP 12162 763 2 . . NNP 12162 763 3 , , , 12162 763 4 Pars Pars NNP 12162 763 5 II II NNP 12162 763 6 . . . 12162 764 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 764 2 22 22 CD 12162 764 3 : : : 12162 764 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 764 5 _ _ NNP 12162 764 6 Savigny Savigny NNP 12162 764 7 _ _ NNP 12162 764 8 : : : 12162 764 9 Gesch Gesch NNP 12162 764 10 . . . 12162 765 1 des des NNP 12162 765 2 röm röm NNP 12162 765 3 . . . 12162 766 1 Rechts recht NNS 12162 766 2 i -PRON- PRP 12162 766 3 m be VBP 12162 766 4 Mittelalter Mittelalter NNP 12162 766 5 , , , 12162 766 6 S. S. NNP 12162 766 7 422 422 CD 12162 766 8 et et NNP 12162 766 9 al al NNP 12162 766 10 . . . 12162 767 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 767 2 23 23 CD 12162 767 3 : : : 12162 767 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 767 5 _ _ NNP 12162 767 6 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 767 7 _ _ NNP 12162 767 8 : : : 12162 767 9 Script Script NNP 12162 767 10 . . . 12162 768 1 Rer Rer NNP 12162 768 2 . . . 12162 769 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 769 2 . . NNP 12162 769 3 , , , 12162 769 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 769 5 . . . 12162 770 1 I. I. NNP 12162 770 2 , , , 12162 770 3 Pars Pars NNP 12162 770 4 II II NNP 12162 770 5 . . NNP 12162 770 6 , , , 12162 770 7 p. p. NN 12162 770 8 15 15 CD 12162 770 9 . . . 12162 771 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 771 2 24 24 CD 12162 771 3 : : : 12162 771 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 771 5 _ _ NNP 12162 771 6 Paulus Paulus NNP 12162 771 7 Diaconus Diaconus NNP 12162 771 8 _ _ NNP 12162 771 9 : : : 12162 771 10 De De NNP 12162 771 11 Gest Gest NNP 12162 771 12 . . . 12162 772 1 Langobard Langobard NNP 12162 772 2 . . NNP 12162 772 3 , , , 12162 772 4 Lib Lib NNP 12162 772 5 . . . 12162 773 1 III III NNP 12162 773 2 . . NNP 12162 773 3 , , , 12162 773 4 cap cap NN 12162 773 5 . . . 12162 774 1 16 16 CD 12162 774 2 . . . 12162 775 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 775 2 25 25 CD 12162 775 3 : : : 12162 775 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 775 5 _ _ NNP 12162 775 6 Brunetti Brunetti NNP 12162 775 7 _ _ NNP 12162 775 8 : : : 12162 775 9 Cod cod NN 12162 775 10 . . . 12162 776 1 Diplom Diplom NNP 12162 776 2 . . . 12162 777 1 Toscan Toscan NNP 12162 777 2 . . . 12162 778 1 Docum docum VB 12162 778 2 . . . 12162 779 1 No no UH 12162 779 2 . . . 12162 780 1 6 6 CD 12162 780 2 , , , 12162 780 3 anni anni NNP 12162 780 4 715 715 CD 12162 780 5 . . . 12162 781 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 781 2 26 26 CD 12162 781 3 : : : 12162 781 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 781 5 _ _ NNP 12162 781 6 Ibid Ibid NNP 12162 781 7 _ _ NNP 12162 781 8 . . . 12162 782 1 : : : 12162 782 2 Cod cod VB 12162 782 3 . . . 12162 783 1 Diplom Diplom NNP 12162 783 2 . . . 12162 784 1 Toscan Toscan NNP 12162 784 2 . . . 12162 785 1 Docum docum VB 12162 785 2 . . . 12162 786 1 No no UH 12162 786 2 . . . 12162 787 1 8 8 CD 12162 787 2 , , , 12162 787 3 anni anni NNP 12162 787 4 715 715 CD 12162 787 5 . . . 12162 788 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 788 2 27 27 CD 12162 788 3 : : : 12162 788 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 788 5 _ _ NNP 12162 788 6 Ibid Ibid NNP 12162 788 7 _ _ NNP 12162 788 8 . . . 12162 789 1 : : : 12162 789 2 Docum docum VB 12162 789 3 . . . 12162 790 1 No no UH 12162 790 2 . . . 12162 791 1 11 11 CD 12162 791 2 , , , 12162 791 3 anni anni NNP 12162 791 4 716 716 CD 12162 791 5 . . . 12162 792 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 792 2 28 28 CD 12162 792 3 : : : 12162 792 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 792 5 _ _ NNP 12162 792 6 Ibid Ibid NNP 12162 792 7 _ _ NNP 12162 792 8 . . . 12162 793 1 : : : 12162 793 2 Docum docum VB 12162 793 3 . . . 12162 794 1 No no UH 12162 794 2 . . . 12162 795 1 50 50 CD 12162 795 2 , , , 12162 795 3 anni anni NNP 12162 795 4 756 756 CD 12162 795 5 . . . 12162 796 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 796 2 29 29 CD 12162 796 3 : : : 12162 796 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 796 5 _ _ NNP 12162 796 6 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 796 7 _ _ NNP 12162 796 8 : : : 12162 796 9 Script Script NNP 12162 796 10 . . . 12162 797 1 Rer Rer NNP 12162 797 2 . . . 12162 798 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 798 2 . . NNP 12162 798 3 , , , 12162 798 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 798 5 . . . 12162 799 1 I. I. NNP 12162 799 2 , , , 12162 799 3 Pars Pars NNP 12162 799 4 II II NNP 12162 799 5 . . NNP 12162 799 6 , , , 12162 799 7 p. p. NN 12162 799 8 192E. 192e. CD 12162 800 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 800 2 30 30 CD 12162 800 3 : : : 12162 800 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 800 5 _ _ NNP 12162 800 6 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 800 7 _ _ NNP 12162 800 8 : : : 12162 800 9 Antiq Antiq NNP 12162 800 10 . . . 12162 801 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 801 2 . . . 12162 802 1 Diss Diss NNP 12162 802 2 . . . 12162 803 1 II II NNP 12162 803 2 . . NNP 12162 803 3 , , , 12162 803 4 p. p. NN 12162 803 5 186 186 CD 12162 803 6 . . . 12162 804 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 804 2 31 31 CD 12162 804 3 : : : 12162 804 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 804 5 _ _ NNP 12162 804 6 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 804 7 _ _ NNP 12162 804 8 : : : 12162 804 9 Script Script NNP 12162 804 10 . . . 12162 805 1 Rer Rer NNP 12162 805 2 . . . 12162 806 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 806 2 . . NNP 12162 806 3 , , , 12162 806 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 806 5 . . . 12162 807 1 II II NNP 12162 807 2 . . NNP 12162 807 3 , , , 12162 807 4 Pars Pars NNP 12162 807 5 II II NNP 12162 807 6 . . NNP 12162 807 7 , , , 12162 807 8 p. p. NN 12162 807 9 409 409 CD 12162 807 10 . . . 12162 808 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 808 2 32 32 CD 12162 808 3 : : : 12162 808 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 808 5 In in IN 12162 808 6 a a DT 12162 808 7 donation donation NN 12162 808 8 to to IN 12162 808 9 " " `` 12162 808 10 Aimo Aimo NNP 12162 808 11 Voltarius Voltarius NNP 12162 808 12 , , , 12162 808 13 abitator abitator NN 12162 808 14 castrii castrii VBZ 12162 808 15 Viterbii Viterbii NNP 12162 808 16 . . . 12162 808 17 " " '' 12162 809 1 Vid Vid NNP 12162 809 2 , , , 12162 809 3 _ _ NNP 12162 809 4 Troya Troya NNP 12162 809 5 _ _ NNP 12162 809 6 : : : 12162 809 7 Della Della NNP 12162 809 8 Condizione Condizione NNP 12162 809 9 , , , 12162 809 10 etc etc FW 12162 809 11 . . FW 12162 809 12 , , , 12162 809 13 p. p. NN 12162 809 14 361 361 CD 12162 809 15 . . . 12162 810 1 Docum docum VB 12162 810 2 . . . 12162 811 1 No no UH 12162 811 2 . . . 12162 812 1 6 6 CD 12162 812 2 , , , 12162 812 3 anni anni NNP 12162 812 4 775 775 CD 12162 812 5 . . . 12162 813 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 813 2 33 33 CD 12162 813 3 : : : 12162 813 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 813 5 _ _ NNP 12162 813 6 Ughelli Ughelli NNP 12162 813 7 _ _ NNP 12162 813 8 : : : 12162 813 9 Italia Italia NNP 12162 813 10 Sacra Sacra NNP 12162 813 11 , , , 12162 813 12 Tom Tom NNP 12162 813 13 . . . 12162 814 1 III III NNP 12162 814 2 . . NNP 12162 814 3 , , , 12162 814 4 p. p. NN 12162 814 5 28 28 CD 12162 814 6 . . . 12162 815 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 815 2 34 34 CD 12162 815 3 : : : 12162 815 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 815 5 _ _ NNP 12162 815 6 Ibid Ibid NNP 12162 815 7 _ _ NNP 12162 815 8 . . . 12162 816 1 : : : 12162 816 2 Tom Tom NNP 12162 816 3 . . . 12162 817 1 II II NNP 12162 817 2 . . NNP 12162 817 3 , , , 12162 817 4 p. p. NN 12162 817 5 145 145 CD 12162 817 6 . . . 12162 818 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 818 2 35 35 CD 12162 818 3 : : : 12162 818 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 818 5 The the DT 12162 818 6 word word NN 12162 818 7 _ _ NNP 12162 818 8 palatium palatium NN 12162 818 9 _ _ NNP 12162 818 10 in in IN 12162 818 11 the the DT 12162 818 12 signification signification NN 12162 818 13 of of IN 12162 818 14 _ _ NNP 12162 818 15 fiscus fiscus NNP 12162 818 16 _ _ NNP 12162 818 17 is be VBZ 12162 818 18 perhaps perhaps RB 12162 818 19 more more RBR 12162 818 20 frequently frequently RB 12162 818 21 used use VBN 12162 818 22 by by IN 12162 818 23 the the DT 12162 818 24 Frankish frankish JJ 12162 818 25 kings king NNS 12162 818 26 than than IN 12162 818 27 by by IN 12162 818 28 the the DT 12162 818 29 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 818 30 . . . 12162 819 1 See see VB 12162 819 2 a a DT 12162 819 3 _ _ NNP 12162 819 4 privilegium privilegium NN 12162 819 5 _ _ NNP 12162 819 6 granted grant VBD 12162 819 7 to to IN 12162 819 8 the the DT 12162 819 9 nuns nun NNS 12162 819 10 of of IN 12162 819 11 the the DT 12162 819 12 Posterla Posterla NNP 12162 819 13 di di FW 12162 819 14 Pavia Pavia NNP 12162 819 15 by by IN 12162 819 16 Lothar Lothar NNP 12162 819 17 I. I. NNP 12162 819 18 in in IN 12162 819 19 the the DT 12162 819 20 year year NN 12162 819 21 839 839 CD 12162 819 22 , , , 12162 819 23 in in IN 12162 819 24 which which WDT 12162 819 25 it -PRON- PRP 12162 819 26 appears appear VBZ 12162 819 27 that that IN 12162 819 28 any any DT 12162 819 29 one one NN 12162 819 30 infringing infringe VBG 12162 819 31 its -PRON- PRP$ 12162 819 32 privileges privilege NNS 12162 819 33 must must MD 12162 819 34 pay pay VB 12162 819 35 seventy seventy CD 12162 819 36 pounds pound NNS 12162 819 37 of of IN 12162 819 38 the the DT 12162 819 39 best good JJS 12162 819 40 gold gold NN 12162 819 41 , , , 12162 819 42 to to TO 12162 819 43 be be VB 12162 819 44 applied apply VBN 12162 819 45 " " `` 12162 819 46 medietatem medietatem NNP 12162 819 47 Palatio Palatio NNP 12162 819 48 nostro nostro NNP 12162 819 49 , , , 12162 819 50 et et FW 12162 819 51 medietatem medietatem NN 12162 819 52 parti parti NN 12162 819 53 ejusdem ejusdem VBP 12162 819 54 monasterii monasterii NNS 12162 819 55 . . . 12162 819 56 " " '' 12162 820 1 Vid Vid NNP 12162 820 2 . . . 12162 821 1 _ _ NNP 12162 821 2 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 821 3 _ _ NNP 12162 821 4 : : : 12162 821 5 Antiq Antiq NNP 12162 821 6 . . . 12162 822 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 822 2 . . . 12162 823 1 Diss Diss NNP 12162 823 2 . . . 12162 824 1 XVI XVI NNP 12162 824 2 . . NNP 12162 824 3 , , , 12162 824 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 824 5 I. I. NNP 12162 824 6 , , , 12162 824 7 P. P. NNP 12162 824 8 I. I. NNP 12162 824 9 , , , 12162 824 10 p. p. NN 12162 824 11 233 233 CD 12162 824 12 . . . 12162 825 1 Also also RB 12162 825 2 several several JJ 12162 825 3 diplomas diploma NNS 12162 825 4 of of IN 12162 825 5 Charles Charles NNP 12162 825 6 the the DT 12162 825 7 Fat Fat NNP 12162 825 8 , , , 12162 825 9 and and CC 12162 825 10 others other NNS 12162 825 11 make make VBP 12162 825 12 use use NN 12162 825 13 of of IN 12162 825 14 the the DT 12162 825 15 same same JJ 12162 825 16 term term NN 12162 825 17 . . . 12162 826 1 The the DT 12162 826 2 word word NN 12162 826 3 _ _ NNP 12162 826 4 camera camera NN 12162 826 5 _ _ NNP 12162 826 6 for for IN 12162 826 7 _ _ NNP 12162 826 8 fiscus fiscus NNP 12162 826 9 _ _ NNP 12162 826 10 as as IN 12162 826 11 the the DT 12162 826 12 imperial imperial JJ 12162 826 13 treasury treasury NNP 12162 826 14 , , , 12162 826 15 was be VBD 12162 826 16 probably probably RB 12162 826 17 not not RB 12162 826 18 used use VBN 12162 826 19 before before IN 12162 826 20 the the DT 12162 826 21 time time NN 12162 826 22 of of IN 12162 826 23 Lewis Lewis NNP 12162 826 24 II II NNP 12162 826 25 . . . 12162 827 1 ; ; : 12162 827 2 the the DT 12162 827 3 first first JJ 12162 827 4 authentic authentic JJ 12162 827 5 use use NN 12162 827 6 of of IN 12162 827 7 it -PRON- PRP 12162 827 8 in in IN 12162 827 9 that that DT 12162 827 10 sense sense NN 12162 827 11 being be VBG 12162 827 12 probably probably RB 12162 827 13 a a DT 12162 827 14 diploma diploma NN 12162 827 15 of of IN 12162 827 16 that that DT 12162 827 17 monarch monarch NN 12162 827 18 of of IN 12162 827 19 the the DT 12162 827 20 year year NN 12162 827 21 894 894 CD 12162 827 22 , , , 12162 827 23 where where WRB 12162 827 24 he -PRON- PRP 12162 827 25 says say VBZ 12162 827 26 that that IN 12162 827 27 one one CD 12162 827 28 hundred hundred CD 12162 827 29 pounds pound NNS 12162 827 30 of of IN 12162 827 31 gold gold NN 12162 827 32 are be VBP 12162 827 33 to to TO 12162 827 34 be be VB 12162 827 35 paid pay VBN 12162 827 36 " " `` 12162 827 37 medietatem medietatem NN 12162 827 38 Imperiali Imperiali NNP 12162 827 39 Camere Camere NNP 12162 827 40 et et FW 12162 827 41 medietatem medietatem FW 12162 827 42 suprataxatae suprataxatae NN 12162 827 43 Angilberge Angilberge NNP 12162 827 44 . . . 12162 827 45 " " '' 12162 828 1 Vid Vid NNP 12162 828 2 . . . 12162 829 1 _ _ NNP 12162 829 2 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 829 3 _ _ NNP 12162 829 4 : : : 12162 829 5 loc loc NNP 12162 829 6 . . . 12162 830 1 cit cit NNP 12162 830 2 . . . 12162 831 1 p. p. NN 12162 831 2 234 234 CD 12162 831 3 . . . 12162 832 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 832 2 36 36 CD 12162 832 3 : : : 12162 832 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 832 5 From from IN 12162 832 6 _ _ NNP 12162 832 7 Otto Otto NNP 12162 832 8 of of IN 12162 832 9 Freising Freising NNP 12162 832 10 _ _ NNP 12162 832 11 , , , 12162 832 12 De De NNP 12162 832 13 Gest Gest NNP 12162 832 14 . . . 12162 833 1 Freder Freder NNP 12162 833 2 . . NNP 12162 833 3 , , , 12162 833 4 Lib Lib NNP 12162 833 5 I. I. NNP 12162 833 6 , , , 12162 833 7 cap cap NN 12162 833 8 . . . 12162 834 1 31 31 CD 12162 834 2 , , , 12162 834 3 we -PRON- PRP 12162 834 4 know know VBP 12162 834 5 that that IN 12162 834 6 the the DT 12162 834 7 same same JJ 12162 834 8 distribution distribution NN 12162 834 9 took take VBD 12162 834 10 place place NN 12162 834 11 in in IN 12162 834 12 Hungary Hungary NNP 12162 834 13 , , , 12162 834 14 which which WDT 12162 834 15 was be VBD 12162 834 16 divided divide VBN 12162 834 17 into into IN 12162 834 18 seventy seventy CD 12162 834 19 _ _ NNP 12162 834 20 comitates comitate NNS 12162 834 21 _ _ NNP 12162 834 22 ; ; : 12162 834 23 " " `` 12162 834 24 et et FW 12162 834 25 de de NNP 12162 834 26 omni omni NNP 12162 834 27 justitia justitia NNP 12162 834 28 ad ad NN 12162 834 29 Fiscum Fiscum NNP 12162 834 30 Regium Regium NNP 12162 834 31 duas dua VBD 12162 834 32 lucri lucri JJ 12162 834 33 partes parte NNS 12162 834 34 cedere cedere RB 12162 834 35 , , , 12162 834 36 tertiam tertiam NN 12162 834 37 tantum tantum NN 12162 834 38 Comiti Comiti NNP 12162 834 39 remanere remanere NN 12162 834 40 . . . 12162 834 41 " " '' 12162 835 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 835 2 37 37 CD 12162 835 3 : : : 12162 835 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 835 5 _ _ NNP 12162 835 6 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 12162 835 7 _ _ NNP 12162 835 8 : : : 12162 835 9 Leg Leg NNP 12162 835 10 . . . 12162 836 1 Lomb lomb NN 12162 836 2 . . . 12162 837 1 Nos nos UH 12162 837 2 . . . 12162 838 1 127 127 CD 12162 838 2 and and CC 12162 838 3 128 128 CD 12162 838 4 . . . 12162 839 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 839 2 38 38 CD 12162 839 3 : : : 12162 839 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 839 5 Lex Lex NNP 12162 839 6 No no UH 12162 839 7 . . . 12162 840 1 128 128 CD 12162 840 2 . . . 12162 841 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 841 2 39 39 CD 12162 841 3 : : : 12162 841 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 841 5 _ _ NNP 12162 841 6 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 841 7 _ _ NNP 12162 841 8 : : : 12162 841 9 Diss Diss NNP 12162 841 10 . . . 12162 842 1 Ant Ant NNP 12162 842 2 . . . 12162 843 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 843 2 . . . 12162 844 1 Dissert Dissert NNP 12162 844 2 . . . 12162 845 1 VIII VIII NNP 12162 845 2 . . . 12162 845 3 , , , 12162 845 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 845 5 . . . 12162 846 1 I. I. NNP 12162 846 2 , , , 12162 846 3 P. P. NNP 12162 846 4 I. I. NNP 12162 846 5 , , , 12162 846 6 p. p. NN 12162 846 7 96 96 CD 12162 846 8 . . . 12162 847 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 847 2 40 40 CD 12162 847 3 : : : 12162 847 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 847 5 _ _ NNP 12162 847 6 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 847 7 _ _ NNP 12162 847 8 : : : 12162 847 9 Script Script NNP 12162 847 10 . . . 12162 848 1 Rer Rer NNP 12162 848 2 . . . 12162 849 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 849 2 . . NNP 12162 849 3 , , , 12162 849 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 849 5 . . . 12162 850 1 II II NNP 12162 850 2 . . NNP 12162 850 3 , , , 12162 850 4 Pars Pars NNP 12162 850 5 II II NNP 12162 850 6 . . . 12162 851 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 851 2 41 41 CD 12162 851 3 : : : 12162 851 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 851 5 In in IN 12162 851 6 illustration illustration NN 12162 851 7 of of IN 12162 851 8 this this DT 12162 851 9 fact fact NN 12162 851 10 I -PRON- PRP 12162 851 11 will will MD 12162 851 12 cite cite VB 12162 851 13 the the DT 12162 851 14 names name NNS 12162 851 15 of of IN 12162 851 16 some some DT 12162 851 17 of of IN 12162 851 18 the the DT 12162 851 19 various various JJ 12162 851 20 taxes taxis NNS 12162 851 21 , , , 12162 851 22 dues due NNS 12162 851 23 and and CC 12162 851 24 privileges privilege NNS 12162 851 25 , , , 12162 851 26 mention mention NN 12162 851 27 of of IN 12162 851 28 which which WDT 12162 851 29 is be VBZ 12162 851 30 found find VBN 12162 851 31 in in IN 12162 851 32 the the DT 12162 851 33 old old JJ 12162 851 34 documents document NNS 12162 851 35 . . . 12162 852 1 The the DT 12162 852 2 feudal feudal JJ 12162 852 3 character character NN 12162 852 4 of of IN 12162 852 5 these these DT 12162 852 6 will will MD 12162 852 7 be be VB 12162 852 8 apparent apparent JJ 12162 852 9 to to IN 12162 852 10 the the DT 12162 852 11 reader reader NN 12162 852 12 . . . 12162 853 1 Following follow VBG 12162 853 2 the the DT 12162 853 3 rough rough JJ 12162 853 4 division division NN 12162 853 5 indicated indicate VBN 12162 853 6 in in IN 12162 853 7 the the DT 12162 853 8 text text NN 12162 853 9 , , , 12162 853 10 we -PRON- PRP 12162 853 11 have have VBP 12162 853 12 : : : 12162 853 13 I. i. NN 12162 854 1 Under under IN 12162 854 2 heading head VBG 12162 854 3 " " `` 12162 854 4 _ _ NNP 12162 854 5 Fines Fines NNPS 12162 854 6 and and CC 12162 854 7 Forfeitures Forfeitures NNPS 12162 854 8 _ _ NNP 12162 854 9 " " '' 12162 854 10 : : : 12162 854 11 1 1 LS 12162 854 12 . . . 12162 855 1 Forfaturae Forfaturae NNP 12162 855 2 : : : 12162 855 3 Forisfacturae Forisfacturae NNP 12162 855 4 , , , 12162 855 5 Multae Multae NNP 12162 855 6 ( ( -LRB- 12162 855 7 Mulcte Mulcte NNP 12162 855 8 ) ) -RRB- 12162 855 9 , , , 12162 855 10 Freda Freda NNP 12162 855 11 , , , 12162 855 12 _ _ NNP 12162 855 13 e.g e.g NNP 12162 855 14 _ _ NNP 12162 855 15 . . . 12162 856 1 Leudis Leudis NNP 12162 856 2 ( ( -LRB- 12162 856 3 Leudum Leudum NNP 12162 856 4 ) ) -RRB- 12162 856 5 for for IN 12162 856 6 homicide homicide NN 12162 856 7 . . . 12162 857 1 Penalties penalty NNS 12162 857 2 and and CC 12162 857 3 compositions composition NNS 12162 857 4 for for IN 12162 857 5 crime crime NN 12162 857 6 . . . 12162 858 1 2 2 LS 12162 858 2 . . . 12162 859 1 Scadentiae Scadentiae NNP 12162 859 2 : : : 12162 859 3 Excadentia Excadentia NNP 12162 859 4 , , , 12162 859 5 Bona Bona NNP 12162 859 6 caduca caduca NN 12162 859 7 . . . 12162 860 1 _ _ NNP 12162 860 2 Publicum Publicum NNP 12162 860 3 _ _ NNP 12162 860 4 falls fall VBZ 12162 860 5 heir heir NN 12162 860 6 to to IN 12162 860 7 various various JJ 12162 860 8 classes class NNS 12162 860 9 of of IN 12162 860 10 individuals individual NNS 12162 860 11 . . . 12162 861 1 Cf cf NN 12162 861 2 . . . 12162 862 1 Leg Leg NNP 12162 862 2 . . . 12162 863 1 _ _ NNP 12162 863 2 Rhotari Rhotari NNP 12162 863 3 _ _ NNP 12162 863 4 , , , 12162 863 5 No no UH 12162 863 6 . . . 12162 864 1 158 158 CD 12162 864 2 et et FW 12162 864 3 al al NNP 12162 864 4 . . . 12162 865 1 3 3 LS 12162 865 2 . . . 12162 866 1 Lagan Lagan NNP 12162 866 2 ( ( -LRB- 12162 866 3 Laganum Laganum NNP 12162 866 4 ) ) -RRB- 12162 866 5 . . . 12162 867 1 Seizure seizure NN 12162 867 2 of of IN 12162 867 3 shipwrecked shipwreck VBN 12162 867 4 goods good NNS 12162 867 5 by by IN 12162 867 6 the the DT 12162 867 7 state state NN 12162 867 8 . . . 12162 868 1 Examples example NNS 12162 868 2 more more RBR 12162 868 3 common common JJ 12162 868 4 after after IN 12162 868 5 year year NN 12162 868 6 1000 1000 CD 12162 868 7 A. a. NN 12162 868 8 D. D. NNP 12162 868 9 II II NNP 12162 868 10 . . . 12162 869 1 Under under IN 12162 869 2 the the DT 12162 869 3 head head NN 12162 869 4 of of IN 12162 869 5 " " `` 12162 869 6 _ _ NNP 12162 869 7 Taxes Taxes NNPS 12162 869 8 and and CC 12162 869 9 Privileges Privileges NNPS 12162 869 10 _ _ NNP 12162 869 11 " " '' 12162 869 12 : : : 12162 869 13 1 1 LS 12162 869 14 . . . 12162 870 1 _ _ NNP 12162 870 2 Onera Onera NNP 12162 870 3 Publica Publica NNP 12162 870 4 _ _ NNP 12162 870 5 , , , 12162 870 6 or or CC 12162 870 7 Angariae Angariae NNP 12162 870 8 ( ( -LRB- 12162 870 9 Perangariae Perangariae NNP 12162 870 10 ) ) -RRB- 12162 870 11 , , , 12162 870 12 Factiones factione NNS 12162 870 13 publicae publicae NN 12162 870 14 . . . 12162 871 1 _ _ NNP 12162 871 2 a a DT 12162 871 3 _ _ NNP 12162 871 4 . . . 12162 872 1 Heribannum Heribannum NNP 12162 872 2 : : : 12162 872 3 Penalty penalty NN 12162 872 4 for for IN 12162 872 5 avoidance avoidance NN 12162 872 6 of of IN 12162 872 7 military military JJ 12162 872 8 service service NN 12162 872 9 . . . 12162 873 1 Cf cf NN 12162 873 2 . . . 12162 874 1 _ _ NNP 12162 874 2 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 12162 874 3 _ _ NNP 12162 874 4 , , , 12162 874 5 Leges Leges NNP 12162 874 6 , , , 12162 874 7 No no UH 12162 874 8 . . . 12162 875 1 23 23 CD 12162 875 2 et et NNP 12162 875 3 al al NNP 12162 875 4 . . . 12162 876 1 _ _ NNP 12162 876 2 b b NNP 12162 876 3 _ _ NNP 12162 876 4 . . . 12162 877 1 Heribergum heribergum NN 12162 877 2 : : : 12162 877 3 Hospitality hospitality NN 12162 877 4 to to IN 12162 877 5 _ _ NNP 12162 877 6 Missi Missi NNP 12162 877 7 _ _ NNP 12162 877 8 of of IN 12162 877 9 emperor emperor NN 12162 877 10 or or CC 12162 877 11 king king NN 12162 877 12 . . . 12162 878 1 Cf cf NN 12162 878 2 . . . 12162 879 1 _ _ NNP 12162 879 2 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 12162 879 3 _ _ NNP 12162 879 4 , , , 12162 879 5 Leges Leges NNP 12162 879 6 , , , 12162 879 7 No no UH 12162 879 8 . . . 12162 880 1 128 128 CD 12162 880 2 et et NNP 12162 880 3 al al NNP 12162 880 4 . . . 12162 881 1 _ _ NNP 12162 881 2 c c NNP 12162 881 3 _ _ NNP 12162 881 4 . . . 12162 882 1 Mansionaticum Mansionaticum NNP 12162 882 2 ( ( -LRB- 12162 882 3 Mansiones Mansiones NNPS 12162 882 4 , , , 12162 882 5 Evectio Evectio NNP 12162 882 6 ) ) -RRB- 12162 882 7 : : : 12162 882 8 Lodging lodge VBG 12162 882 9 for for IN 12162 882 10 king king NN 12162 882 11 and and CC 12162 882 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 882 13 ministers minister NNS 12162 882 14 . . . 12162 883 1 Conjectum Conjectum NNP 12162 883 2 was be VBD 12162 883 3 a a DT 12162 883 4 pro pro JJ 12162 883 5 rata rata JJ 12162 883 6 tax tax NN 12162 883 7 on on IN 12162 883 8 a a DT 12162 883 9 district district NN 12162 883 10 so so IN 12162 883 11 as as IN 12162 883 12 to to TO 12162 883 13 meet meet VB 12162 883 14 the the DT 12162 883 15 expense expense NN 12162 883 16 . . . 12162 884 1 Cf cf NN 12162 884 2 . . . 12162 885 1 _ _ NNP 12162 885 2 Lud Lud NNP 12162 885 3 . . . 12162 886 1 Pius Pius NNP 12162 886 2 _ _ NNP 12162 886 3 , , , 12162 886 4 Leg Leg NNP 12162 886 5 . . . 12162 887 1 Nos nos UH 12162 887 2 . . . 12162 888 1 54 54 CD 12162 888 2 , , , 12162 888 3 24 24 CD 12162 888 4 , , , 12162 888 5 et et NNP 12162 888 6 al al NNP 12162 888 7 . . . 12162 889 1 loc loc NNP 12162 889 2 . . . 12162 890 1 Tractoria Tractoria NNP 12162 890 2 gave give VBD 12162 890 3 specification specification NN 12162 890 4 of of IN 12162 890 5 what what WP 12162 890 6 should should MD 12162 890 7 be be VB 12162 890 8 provided provide VBN 12162 890 9 in in IN 12162 890 10 each each DT 12162 890 11 case case NN 12162 890 12 . . . 12162 891 1 For for IN 12162 891 2 Formula Formula NNP 12162 891 3 , , , 12162 891 4 v. v. CC 12162 891 5 _ _ NNP 12162 891 6 Marcolfo Marcolfo NNP 12162 891 7 _ _ NNP 12162 891 8 , , , 12162 891 9 Lib Lib NNP 12162 891 10 . . . 12162 892 1 I. I. NNP 12162 893 1 _ _ NNP 12162 893 2 d d NNP 12162 893 3 _ _ NNP 12162 893 4 . . . 12162 894 1 Veredi Veredi NNP 12162 894 2 ( ( -LRB- 12162 894 3 Paraveredi Paraveredi NNP 12162 894 4 ) ) -RRB- 12162 894 5 : : : 12162 894 6 Horses horse NNS 12162 894 7 and and CC 12162 894 8 beasts beast NNS 12162 894 9 of of IN 12162 894 10 burden burden NN 12162 894 11 for for IN 12162 894 12 king king NN 12162 894 13 and and CC 12162 894 14 ministers minister NNS 12162 894 15 . . . 12162 895 1 Cf cf NN 12162 895 2 . . . 12162 896 1 in in IN 12162 896 2 Capitular Capitular NNP 12162 896 3 . . . 12162 897 1 Reg reg NN 12162 897 2 . . . 12162 898 1 Franc franc NN 12162 898 2 . . . 12162 899 1 saepe saepe NNP 12162 899 2 . . . 12162 900 1 Capit Capit NNP 12162 900 2 . . . 12162 901 1 _ _ NNP 12162 901 2 Lud Lud NNP 12162 901 3 _ _ NNP 12162 901 4 . . . 12162 902 1 II II NNP 12162 902 2 . . NNP 12162 902 3 , , , 12162 902 4 Ad Ad NNP 12162 902 5 Missos Missos NNP 12162 902 6 , , , 12162 902 7 etc etc FW 12162 902 8 . . . 12162 903 1 Census Census NNP 12162 903 2 vehicularius vehicularius NN 12162 903 3 , , , 12162 903 4 fiscalis fiscalis NNP 12162 903 5 or or CC 12162 903 6 publicus publicus NN 12162 903 7 was be VBD 12162 903 8 post post NN 12162 903 9 to to TO 12162 903 10 carry carry VB 12162 903 11 , , , 12162 903 12 free free JJ 12162 903 13 of of IN 12162 903 14 expense expense NN 12162 903 15 , , , 12162 903 16 king king NN 12162 903 17 's 's POS 12162 903 18 letters letter NNS 12162 903 19 , , , 12162 903 20 etc etc FW 12162 903 21 . . . 12162 904 1 _ _ NNP 12162 904 2 e e NNP 12162 904 3 _ _ NNP 12162 904 4 . . . 12162 905 1 Foderum Foderum NNP 12162 905 2 ( ( -LRB- 12162 905 3 Fodrum Fodrum NNP 12162 905 4 ) ) -RRB- 12162 905 5 : : : 12162 905 6 Support support NN 12162 905 7 of of IN 12162 905 8 a a DT 12162 905 9 king king NN 12162 905 10 and and CC 12162 905 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 905 12 army army NN 12162 905 13 in in IN 12162 905 14 passing pass VBG 12162 905 15 through through IN 12162 905 16 a a DT 12162 905 17 district district NN 12162 905 18 . . . 12162 906 1 Cf cf NN 12162 906 2 . . . 12162 907 1 many many JJ 12162 907 2 privileges privilege NNS 12162 907 3 and and CC 12162 907 4 exemptions exemption NNS 12162 907 5 to to IN 12162 907 6 different different JJ 12162 907 7 churches church NNS 12162 907 8 and and CC 12162 907 9 monasteries monastery NNS 12162 907 10 . . . 12162 908 1 Articles article NNS 12162 908 2 of of IN 12162 908 3 the the DT 12162 908 4 Peace Peace NNP 12162 908 5 of of IN 12162 908 6 Constance Constance NNP 12162 908 7 . . . 12162 909 1 Some some DT 12162 909 2 privileges privilege NNS 12162 909 3 to to IN 12162 909 4 private private JJ 12162 909 5 persons person NNS 12162 909 6 . . . 12162 910 1 2 2 LS 12162 910 2 . . . 12162 911 1 _ _ NNP 12162 911 2 Teloneum Teloneum NNP 12162 911 3 _ _ NNP 12162 911 4 . . . 12162 912 1 _ _ NNP 12162 912 2 a a DT 12162 912 3 _ _ NNP 12162 912 4 . . . 12162 913 1 Pedagium pedagium NN 12162 913 2 : : : 12162 913 3 General general JJ 12162 913 4 word word NN 12162 913 5 for for IN 12162 913 6 _ _ NNP 12162 913 7 tolls toll NNS 12162 913 8 _ _ NNP 12162 913 9 on on IN 12162 913 10 streets street NNS 12162 913 11 , , , 12162 913 12 roads road NNS 12162 913 13 , , , 12162 913 14 bridges bridge NNS 12162 913 15 , , , 12162 913 16 etc etc FW 12162 913 17 . . . 12162 914 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 914 2 Greek Greek NNP 12162 914 3 : : : 12162 914 4 alpha alpha NN 12162 914 5 ] ] -RRB- 12162 914 6 . . . 12162 915 1 Pontaticum Pontaticum NNP 12162 915 2 , , , 12162 915 3 for for IN 12162 915 4 bridges bridge NNS 12162 915 5 . . . 12162 916 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 916 2 Greek Greek NNP 12162 916 3 : : : 12162 916 4 beta beta NN 12162 916 5 ] ] -RRB- 12162 916 6 . . . 12162 917 1 Portaticum Portaticum NNP 12162 917 2 , , , 12162 917 3 for for IN 12162 917 4 gates gate NNS 12162 917 5 . . . 12162 918 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 918 2 Greek Greek NNP 12162 918 3 : : : 12162 918 4 gamma gamma NN 12162 918 5 ] ] -RRB- 12162 918 6 . . . 12162 919 1 Platiaticum Platiaticum NNP 12162 919 2 , , , 12162 919 3 for for IN 12162 919 4 license license NN 12162 919 5 to to TO 12162 919 6 sell sell VB 12162 919 7 in in IN 12162 919 8 market market NN 12162 919 9 . . . 12162 920 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 920 2 Greek Greek NNP 12162 920 3 : : : 12162 920 4 delta delta NN 12162 920 5 ] ] -RRB- 12162 920 6 . . . 12162 921 1 Casaticum Casaticum NNP 12162 921 2 , , , 12162 921 3 for for IN 12162 921 4 houses house NNS 12162 921 5 . . . 12162 922 1 Cf cf NN 12162 922 2 . . . 12162 923 1 _ _ NNP 12162 923 2 Otho Otho NNP 12162 923 3 _ _ NNP 12162 923 4 II II NNP 12162 923 5 . . NNP 12162 923 6 , , , 12162 923 7 Diploma Diploma NNP 12162 923 8 to to IN 12162 923 9 Monast Monast NNP 12162 923 10 . . . 12162 924 1 Volturno Volturno NNP 12162 924 2 a. a. NN 12162 925 1 983 983 CD 12162 925 2 , , , 12162 925 3 et et NNP 12162 925 4 al al NNP 12162 925 5 . . . 12162 926 1 loc loc NNP 12162 926 2 . . . 12162 927 1 _ _ NNP 12162 927 2 b b NNP 12162 927 3 _ _ NNP 12162 927 4 . . . 12162 928 1 Ripaticum Ripaticum NNP 12162 928 2 : : : 12162 928 3 General general JJ 12162 928 4 word word NN 12162 928 5 for for IN 12162 928 6 tolls toll NNS 12162 928 7 and and CC 12162 928 8 taxes taxis NNS 12162 928 9 for for IN 12162 928 10 transport transport NN 12162 928 11 by by IN 12162 928 12 water water NN 12162 928 13 . . . 12162 929 1 Cf cf NN 12162 929 2 . . . 12162 930 1 Diploma Diploma NNP 12162 930 2 of of IN 12162 930 3 Berenger Berenger NNP 12162 930 4 II II NNP 12162 930 5 . . . 12162 931 1 v. v. CC 12162 931 2 _ _ NNP 12162 931 3 Ughelli Ughelli NNP 12162 931 4 _ _ NNP 12162 931 5 , , , 12162 931 6 Italia Italia NNP 12162 931 7 Sacra Sacra NNP 12162 931 8 , , , 12162 931 9 Tom Tom NNP 12162 931 10 . . . 12162 932 1 V. V. NNP 12162 932 2 Also also RB 12162 932 3 a a DT 12162 932 4 Privilegium Privilegium NNP 12162 932 5 of of IN 12162 932 6 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 12162 932 7 , , , 12162 932 8 anno anno JJ 12162 932 9 787 787 CD 12162 932 10 . . . 12162 932 11 v. v. CC 12162 932 12 _ _ NNP 12162 932 13 Ughelli Ughelli NNP 12162 932 14 _ _ NNP 12162 932 15 , , , 12162 932 16 Italia Italia NNP 12162 932 17 Sacra Sacra NNP 12162 932 18 , , , 12162 932 19 Tom Tom NNP 12162 932 20 . . . 12162 933 1 V. V. NNP 12162 933 2 , , , 12162 933 3 a. a. NN 12162 934 1 787 787 CD 12162 934 2 . . . 12162 935 1 This this DT 12162 935 2 privilegium privilegium NN 12162 935 3 confirms confirm VBZ 12162 935 4 the the DT 12162 935 5 laws law NNS 12162 935 6 of of IN 12162 935 7 Liutprand Liutprand NNP 12162 935 8 , , , 12162 935 9 and and CC 12162 935 10 shows show VBZ 12162 935 11 how how WRB 12162 935 12 much much JJ 12162 935 13 the the DT 12162 935 14 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 12162 935 15 of of IN 12162 935 16 Como Como NNP 12162 935 17 had have VBD 12162 935 18 to to TO 12162 935 19 pay pay VB 12162 935 20 in in IN 12162 935 21 various various JJ 12162 935 22 places place NNS 12162 935 23 in in IN 12162 935 24 moving move VBG 12162 935 25 salt salt NN 12162 935 26 down down IN 12162 935 27 the the DT 12162 935 28 rivers river NNS 12162 935 29 of of IN 12162 935 30 Lombardy Lombardy NNP 12162 935 31 . . . 12162 936 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 936 2 Greek Greek NNP 12162 936 3 : : : 12162 936 4 alpha alpha NN 12162 936 5 ] ] -RRB- 12162 936 6 . . . 12162 937 1 Paliscitura Paliscitura NNP 12162 937 2 , , , 12162 937 3 [ [ -LRB- 12162 937 4 Greek greek JJ 12162 937 5 : : : 12162 937 6 beta beta NN 12162 937 7 ] ] -RRB- 12162 937 8 . . . 12162 938 1 Trasitura Trasitura NNP 12162 938 2 , , , 12162 938 3 [ [ -LRB- 12162 938 4 Greek Greek NNP 12162 938 5 : : : 12162 938 6 gamma gamma NN 12162 938 7 ] ] -RRB- 12162 938 8 . . . 12162 939 1 Navium Navium NNP 12162 939 2 ligatura ligatura NNP 12162 939 3 . . . 12162 940 1 Wharfage wharfage NN 12162 940 2 dues due NNS 12162 940 3 . . . 12162 941 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 941 2 Greek Greek NNP 12162 941 3 : : : 12162 941 4 delta delta NN 12162 941 5 ] ] -RRB- 12162 941 6 . . . 12162 942 1 Portonaticum Portonaticum NNP 12162 942 2 , , , 12162 942 3 harbor harbor NN 12162 942 4 dues due NNS 12162 942 5 . . . 12162 943 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 943 2 Greek greek JJ 12162 943 3 : : : 12162 943 4 epsilon epsilon NN 12162 943 5 ] ] -RRB- 12162 943 6 . . . 12162 944 1 Curatura Curatura NNP 12162 944 2 , , , 12162 944 3 probably probably RB 12162 944 4 a a DT 12162 944 5 tax tax NN 12162 944 6 on on IN 12162 944 7 certain certain JJ 12162 944 8 merchandise merchandise NN 12162 944 9 . . . 12162 945 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 945 2 Greek Greek NNP 12162 945 3 : : : 12162 945 4 zeta zeta NNP 12162 945 5 ] ] -RRB- 12162 945 6 . . . 12162 946 1 Passagio Passagio NNP 12162 946 2 , , , 12162 946 3 probably probably RB 12162 946 4 same same JJ 12162 946 5 as as IN 12162 946 6 preceding precede VBG 12162 946 7 , , , 12162 946 8 but but CC 12162 946 9 possibly possibly RB 12162 946 10 a a DT 12162 946 11 tax tax NN 12162 946 12 in in IN 12162 946 13 favor favor NN 12162 946 14 of of IN 12162 946 15 those those DT 12162 946 16 going go VBG 12162 946 17 to to IN 12162 946 18 the the DT 12162 946 19 Holy Holy NNP 12162 946 20 Land Land NNP 12162 946 21 . . . 12162 947 1 8 8 LS 12162 947 2 . . . 12162 948 1 _ _ NNP 12162 948 2 Auxilia Auxilia NNP 12162 948 3 _ _ NNP 12162 948 4 ( ( -LRB- 12162 948 5 Occasiones Occasiones NNP 12162 948 6 ) ) -RRB- 12162 948 7 ( ( -LRB- 12162 948 8 dues due NNS 12162 948 9 from from IN 12162 948 10 vassals vassal NNS 12162 948 11 ) ) -RRB- 12162 948 12 : : : 12162 948 13 _ _ NNP 12162 948 14 a a DT 12162 948 15 _ _ NNP 12162 948 16 . . . 12162 949 1 Praestitiones praestitione NNS 12162 949 2 . . . 12162 950 1 _ _ NNP 12162 950 2 b b NNP 12162 950 3 _ _ NNP 12162 950 4 . . . 12162 951 1 Dona Dona NNP 12162 951 2 . . . 12162 952 1 _ _ NNP 12162 952 2 c c NNP 12162 952 3 _ _ NNP 12162 952 4 . . . 12162 953 1 Gratuita Gratuita NNP 12162 953 2 . . . 12162 954 1 _ _ NNP 12162 954 2 d d NNP 12162 954 3 _ _ NNP 12162 954 4 . . . 12162 955 1 Mutua Mutua NNP 12162 955 2 . . . 12162 956 1 More more RBR 12162 956 2 common common JJ 12162 956 3 after after IN 12162 956 4 the the DT 12162 956 5 year year NN 12162 956 6 1000 1000 CD 12162 956 7 A.D. A.D. NNP 12162 956 8 ; ; : 12162 956 9 but but CC 12162 956 10 , , , 12162 956 11 for for IN 12162 956 12 an an DT 12162 956 13 example example NN 12162 956 14 in in IN 12162 956 15 the the DT 12162 956 16 year year NN 12162 956 17 878 878 CD 12162 956 18 , , , 12162 956 19 see see VBP 12162 956 20 a a DT 12162 956 21 Diploma Diploma NNP 12162 956 22 of of IN 12162 956 23 Lewis Lewis NNP 12162 956 24 II II NNP 12162 956 25 . . NNP 12162 956 26 , , , 12162 956 27 published publish VBN 12162 956 28 by by IN 12162 956 29 _ _ NNP 12162 956 30 Puricelli Puricelli NNP 12162 956 31 _ _ NNP 12162 956 32 in in IN 12162 956 33 his -PRON- PRP$ 12162 956 34 Monumenti Monumenti NNP 12162 956 35 della della NN 12162 956 36 Basilica Basilica NNP 12162 956 37 Arnbrosiana Arnbrosiana NNP 12162 956 38 . . . 12162 957 1 III iii CD 12162 957 2 . . . 12162 958 1 Under under IN 12162 958 2 head head NN 12162 958 3 of of IN 12162 958 4 " " `` 12162 958 5 _ _ NNP 12162 958 6 lands land NNS 12162 958 7 owned own VBN 12162 958 8 by by IN 12162 958 9 Crown Crown NNP 12162 958 10 or or CC 12162 958 11 Publicum Publicum NNP 12162 958 12 _ _ NNP 12162 958 13 " " '' 12162 958 14 : : : 12162 958 15 1 1 LS 12162 958 16 . . . 12162 959 1 _ _ NNP 12162 959 2 Terra Terra NNP 12162 959 3 Censualis Censualis NNP 12162 959 4 _ _ NNP 12162 959 5 . . . 12162 960 1 Holder Holder NNP 12162 960 2 of of IN 12162 960 3 t.c t.c NNP 12162 960 4 . . . 12162 961 1 owed owe VBN 12162 961 2 these these DT 12162 961 3 duties duty NNS 12162 961 4 : : : 12162 961 5 _ _ NNP 12162 961 6 a a DT 12162 961 7 _ _ NNP 12162 961 8 . . . 12162 962 1 Glaudaticum Glaudaticum NNP 12162 962 2 , , , 12162 962 3 _ _ NNP 12162 962 4 b b NNP 12162 962 5 _ _ NNP 12162 962 6 . . . 12162 963 1 Escaticum Escaticum NNP 12162 963 2 , , , 12162 963 3 _ _ NNP 12162 963 4 c c NNP 12162 963 5 _ _ NNP 12162 963 6 . . . 12162 964 1 Herbaticum Herbaticum NNP 12162 964 2 , , , 12162 964 3 _ _ NNP 12162 964 4 d d NNP 12162 964 5 _ _ NNP 12162 964 6 . . . 12162 965 1 Datio Datio NNP 12162 965 2 , , , 12162 965 3 _ _ NNP 12162 965 4 e e NNP 12162 965 5 _ _ NNP 12162 965 6 . . . 12162 966 1 Alpaticum Alpaticum NNP 12162 966 2 , , , 12162 966 3 _ _ NNP 12162 966 4 f f NNP 12162 966 5 _ _ NNP 12162 966 6 . . . 12162 967 1 Agrarium agrarium NN 12162 967 2 . . . 12162 968 1 Payments payment NNS 12162 968 2 for for IN 12162 968 3 right right NN 12162 968 4 to to TO 12162 968 5 pasture pasture VB 12162 968 6 cattle cattle NNS 12162 968 7 and and CC 12162 968 8 swine swine NNS 12162 968 9 on on IN 12162 968 10 public public JJ 12162 968 11 lands land NNS 12162 968 12 . . . 12162 969 1 Cf cf NN 12162 969 2 . . . 12162 970 1 Chron Chron NNP 12162 970 2 . . . 12162 971 1 da da NNP 12162 971 2 Volturno Volturno NNP 12162 971 3 , , , 12162 971 4 a. a. NN 12162 972 1 972 972 CD 12162 972 2 . . . 12162 973 1 Chron Chron NNP 12162 973 2 . . . 12162 974 1 Farfensis farfensis NN 12162 974 2 . . . 12162 975 1 Privileg Privileg NNP 12162 975 2 . . . 12162 976 1 Lud lud NN 12162 976 2 . . . 12162 977 1 Pii Pii NNP 12162 977 2 , , , 12162 977 3 et et NNP 12162 977 4 al al NNP 12162 977 5 . . . 12162 978 1 loc loc NNP 12162 978 2 . . . 12162 979 1 _ _ NNP 12162 979 2 g g NNP 12162 979 3 _ _ NNP 12162 979 4 . . . 12162 980 1 Terraticum terraticum JJ 12162 980 2 , , , 12162 980 3 amount amount NN 12162 980 4 of of IN 12162 980 5 produce produce NN 12162 980 6 given give VBN 12162 980 7 for for IN 12162 980 8 right right NN 12162 980 9 to to TO 12162 980 10 cultivate cultivate VB 12162 980 11 . . . 12162 981 1 _ _ NNP 12162 981 2 h h NNP 12162 981 3 _ _ NNP 12162 981 4 . . . 12162 982 1 Pascuarium pascuarium NN 12162 982 2 , , , 12162 982 3 payment payment NN 12162 982 4 for for IN 12162 982 5 sheep sheep NNS 12162 982 6 pastured pasture VBN 12162 982 7 on on IN 12162 982 8 the the DT 12162 982 9 public public JJ 12162 982 10 land land NN 12162 982 11 . . . 12162 983 1 _ _ NNP 12162 983 2 i i PRP 12162 983 3 _ _ NNP 12162 983 4 . . . 12162 984 1 Boazia boazia NN 12162 984 2 , , , 12162 984 3 tax tax NN 12162 984 4 levied levy VBN 12162 984 5 on on IN 12162 984 6 every every DT 12162 984 7 pair pair NN 12162 984 8 of of IN 12162 984 9 oxen oxen NN 12162 984 10 ; ; : 12162 984 11 probably probably RB 12162 984 12 not not RB 12162 984 13 developed develop VBN 12162 984 14 before before IN 12162 984 15 XII XII NNP 12162 984 16 . . . 12162 985 1 century century NN 12162 985 2 . . . 12162 986 1 The the DT 12162 986 2 taxes taxis NNS 12162 986 3 and and CC 12162 986 4 so so RB 12162 986 5 forth forth RB 12162 986 6 mentioned mention VBN 12162 986 7 in in IN 12162 986 8 this this DT 12162 986 9 list list NN 12162 986 10 are be VBP 12162 986 11 by by IN 12162 986 12 no no DT 12162 986 13 means means NN 12162 986 14 all all PDT 12162 986 15 that that WDT 12162 986 16 were be VBD 12162 986 17 levied levy VBN 12162 986 18 , , , 12162 986 19 but but CC 12162 986 20 are be VBP 12162 986 21 a a DT 12162 986 22 fair fair JJ 12162 986 23 representation representation NN 12162 986 24 of of IN 12162 986 25 them -PRON- PRP 12162 986 26 . . . 12162 987 1 After after IN 12162 987 2 the the DT 12162 987 3 year year NN 12162 987 4 1000 1000 CD 12162 987 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 987 6 feudal feudal JJ 12162 987 7 character character NN 12162 987 8 is be VBZ 12162 987 9 even even RB 12162 987 10 more more RBR 12162 987 11 strongly strongly RB 12162 987 12 marked mark VBN 12162 987 13 . . . 12162 988 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 988 2 42 42 CD 12162 988 3 : : : 12162 988 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 988 5 This this DT 12162 988 6 statement statement NN 12162 988 7 , , , 12162 988 8 while while IN 12162 988 9 true true JJ 12162 988 10 of of IN 12162 988 11 all all DT 12162 988 12 integral integral JJ 12162 988 13 parts part NNS 12162 988 14 of of IN 12162 988 15 the the DT 12162 988 16 Lombard Lombard NNP 12162 988 17 kingdom kingdom NN 12162 988 18 , , , 12162 988 19 must must MD 12162 988 20 , , , 12162 988 21 however however RB 12162 988 22 , , , 12162 988 23 be be VB 12162 988 24 modified modify VBN 12162 988 25 in in IN 12162 988 26 regard regard NN 12162 988 27 to to IN 12162 988 28 the the DT 12162 988 29 great great JJ 12162 988 30 duchies duchy NNS 12162 988 31 of of IN 12162 988 32 Spoleto Spoleto NNP 12162 988 33 and and CC 12162 988 34 Beneventum Beneventum NNP 12162 988 35 , , , 12162 988 36 which which WDT 12162 988 37 were be VBD 12162 988 38 under under IN 12162 988 39 a a DT 12162 988 40 different different JJ 12162 988 41 system system NN 12162 988 42 of of IN 12162 988 43 internal internal JJ 12162 988 44 government government NN 12162 988 45 from from IN 12162 988 46 the the DT 12162 988 47 kingdom kingdom NN 12162 988 48 of of IN 12162 988 49 Lombardy Lombardy NNP 12162 988 50 proper proper JJ 12162 988 51 -- -- : 12162 988 52 were be VBD 12162 988 53 , , , 12162 988 54 in in IN 12162 988 55 fact fact NN 12162 988 56 , , , 12162 988 57 small small JJ 12162 988 58 tributary tributary JJ 12162 988 59 kingdoms kingdom NNS 12162 988 60 under under IN 12162 988 61 great great JJ 12162 988 62 dukes duke NNS 12162 988 63 enjoying enjoy VBG 12162 988 64 practically practically RB 12162 988 65 royal royal JJ 12162 988 66 powers power NNS 12162 988 67 . . . 12162 989 1 The the DT 12162 989 2 Duchy Duchy NNP 12162 989 3 of of IN 12162 989 4 Beneventum Beneventum NNP 12162 989 5 seems seem VBZ 12162 989 6 to to TO 12162 989 7 have have VB 12162 989 8 been be VBN 12162 989 9 divided divide VBN 12162 989 10 into into IN 12162 989 11 _ _ NNP 12162 989 12 gastaldata gastaldata NNP 12162 989 13 _ _ NNP 12162 989 14 , , , 12162 989 15 divisions division NNS 12162 989 16 of of IN 12162 989 17 territory territory NN 12162 989 18 similar similar JJ 12162 989 19 to to IN 12162 989 20 the the DT 12162 989 21 _ _ NNP 12162 989 22 civitates civitate NNS 12162 989 23 _ _ NNP 12162 989 24 of of IN 12162 989 25 Lombardy Lombardy NNP 12162 989 26 , , , 12162 989 27 but but CC 12162 989 28 presided preside VBD 12162 989 29 over over RP 12162 989 30 by by IN 12162 989 31 a a DT 12162 989 32 gastald gastald NN 12162 989 33 instead instead RB 12162 989 34 of of IN 12162 989 35 by by IN 12162 989 36 a a DT 12162 989 37 _ _ NNP 12162 989 38 dux dux NN 12162 989 39 _ _ NNP 12162 989 40 or or CC 12162 989 41 _ _ NNP 12162 989 42 comes come VBZ 12162 989 43 _ _ NNP 12162 989 44 . . . 12162 990 1 In in IN 12162 990 2 the the DT 12162 990 3 charter charter NN 12162 990 4 of of IN 12162 990 5 division division NN 12162 990 6 made make VBN 12162 990 7 between between IN 12162 990 8 the the DT 12162 990 9 dukes duke NNS 12162 990 10 of of IN 12162 990 11 Beneventum Beneventum NNP 12162 990 12 and and CC 12162 990 13 of of IN 12162 990 14 Salerno Salerno NNP 12162 990 15 in in IN 12162 990 16 the the DT 12162 990 17 year year NN 12162 990 18 851 851 CD 12162 990 19 - - HYPH 12162 990 20 -v -v : 12162 990 21 . . . 12162 990 22 _ _ NNP 12162 990 23 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 990 24 _ _ NNP 12162 990 25 , , , 12162 990 26 Ant Ant NNP 12162 990 27 . . . 12162 991 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 991 2 . . . 12162 992 1 Diss Diss NNP 12162 992 2 . . . 12162 993 1 X.--are X.--are NNP 12162 993 2 mentioned mention VBN 12162 993 3 " " `` 12162 993 4 integra integra NNP 12162 993 5 gastaldata gastaldata NNP 12162 993 6 , , , 12162 993 7 seu seu NNP 12162 993 8 ministeria ministeria NNP 12162 993 9 Tarentum Tarentum NNP 12162 993 10 , , , 12162 993 11 Latinianum Latinianum NNP 12162 993 12 , , , 12162 993 13 Cusentia Cusentia NNP 12162 993 14 , , , 12162 993 15 etc etc FW 12162 993 16 . . . 12162 993 17 " " '' 12162 994 1 And and CC 12162 994 2 , , , 12162 994 3 at at IN 12162 994 4 an an DT 12162 994 5 earlier early JJR 12162 994 6 date date NN 12162 994 7 , , , 12162 994 8 _ _ NNP 12162 994 9 Paulus Paulus NNP 12162 994 10 Diaconus_--De Diaconus_--De NNP 12162 994 11 Gest Gest NNP 12162 994 12 . . . 12162 995 1 Long long RB 12162 995 2 . . . 12162 995 3 , , , 12162 995 4 Lib Lib NNP 12162 995 5 . . . 12162 996 1 V. V. NNP 12162 996 2 , , , 12162 996 3 cap cap NN 12162 996 4 . . . 12162 997 1 29 29 CD 12162 997 2 - - HYPH 12162 997 3 -tells -tells NN 12162 997 4 of of IN 12162 997 5 a a DT 12162 997 6 certain certain JJ 12162 997 7 " " `` 12162 997 8 Alzeconis Alzeconis NNP 12162 997 9 Dux Dux NNP 12162 997 10 de de NNP 12162 997 11 Bulgaris Bulgaris NNP 12162 997 12 , , , 12162 997 13 " " '' 12162 997 14 to to IN 12162 997 15 whom whom WP 12162 997 16 Grimoald Grimoald NNP 12162 997 17 , , , 12162 997 18 Duke Duke NNP 12162 997 19 of of IN 12162 997 20 Beneventum Beneventum NNP 12162 997 21 , , , 12162 997 22 gives give VBZ 12162 997 23 " " `` 12162 997 24 ad ad NN 12162 997 25 habitandum habitandum NN 12162 997 26 ... ... . 12162 997 27 Lepianum Lepianum NNP 12162 997 28 , , , 12162 997 29 Bovianum Bovianum NNP 12162 997 30 et et FW 12162 997 31 Inferniam Inferniam NNP 12162 997 32 , , , 12162 997 33 et et NNP 12162 997 34 aliis aliis NNP 12162 997 35 cum cum NNP 12162 997 36 suis suis NNP 12162 997 37 territoriis territorii VBD 12162 997 38 civitates civitate NNS 12162 997 39 ; ; : 12162 997 40 ipsumque ipsumque JJ 12162 997 41 Alzeconem Alzeconem NNP 12162 997 42 mutato mutato JJ 12162 997 43 dignitatis dignitatis JJ 12162 997 44 nomine nomine NN 12162 997 45 , , , 12162 997 46 de de FW 12162 997 47 duce duce NNP 12162 997 48 gastaldium gastaldium NNP 12162 997 49 vocari vocari NNP 12162 997 50 praecepit praecepit NN 12162 997 51 . . . 12162 997 52 " " '' 12162 998 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 998 2 43 43 CD 12162 998 3 : : : 12162 998 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 998 5 v. v. CC 12162 998 6 _ _ NNP 12162 998 7 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 998 8 _ _ NNP 12162 998 9 : : : 12162 998 10 Script Script NNP 12162 998 11 . . . 12162 999 1 Rer Rer NNP 12162 999 2 . . . 12162 1000 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 1000 2 . . NNP 12162 1000 3 , , , 12162 1000 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 1000 5 . . . 12162 1001 1 III III NNP 12162 1001 2 . . NNP 12162 1001 3 , , , 12162 1001 4 Pars Pars NNP 12162 1001 5 II II NNP 12162 1001 6 . . NNP 12162 1001 7 , , , 12162 1001 8 p. p. NNP 12162 1001 9 162D. 162D. NNP 12162 1002 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1002 2 44 44 CD 12162 1002 3 : : : 12162 1002 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1002 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1002 6 Liutprandi Liutprandi NNP 12162 1002 7 _ _ NNP 12162 1002 8 : : : 12162 1002 9 Leg Leg NNP 12162 1002 10 . . . 12162 1003 1 Lib Lib NNP 12162 1003 2 . . . 12162 1004 1 VI VI NNP 12162 1004 2 . . NNP 12162 1004 3 , , , 12162 1004 4 Leg Leg NNP 12162 1004 5 . . . 12162 1005 1 29 29 CD 12162 1005 2 . . . 12162 1005 3 v. v. CC 12162 1005 4 _ _ NNP 12162 1005 5 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 1005 6 _ _ NNP 12162 1005 7 : : : 12162 1005 8 Script Script NNP 12162 1005 9 . . . 12162 1006 1 Rer Rer NNP 12162 1006 2 . . . 12162 1007 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 1007 2 . . NNP 12162 1007 3 , , , 12162 1007 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 1007 5 . . . 12162 1008 1 I. I. NNP 12162 1008 2 , , , 12162 1008 3 Pars Pars NNP 12162 1008 4 II II NNP 12162 1008 5 . . . 12162 1009 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1009 2 45 45 CD 12162 1009 3 : : : 12162 1009 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1009 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1009 6 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 1009 7 _ _ NNP 12162 1009 8 : : : 12162 1009 9 Ant Ant NNP 12162 1009 10 . . . 12162 1010 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 1010 2 . . . 12162 1011 1 Diss Diss NNP 12162 1011 2 . . . 12162 1012 1 X. X. NNP 12162 1012 2 , , , 12162 1012 3 Vol Vol NNP 12162 1012 4 . . . 12162 1013 1 I. I. NNP 12162 1013 2 , , , 12162 1013 3 P. P. NNP 12162 1013 4 I. I. NNP 12162 1013 5 , , , 12162 1013 6 p. p. NN 12162 1013 7 121 121 CD 12162 1013 8 . . . 12162 1014 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1014 2 46 46 CD 12162 1014 3 : : : 12162 1014 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1014 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1014 6 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 1014 7 _ _ NNP 12162 1014 8 : : : 12162 1014 9 Script Script NNP 12162 1014 10 . . . 12162 1015 1 Rer Rer NNP 12162 1015 2 . . . 12162 1016 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 1016 2 . . NNP 12162 1016 3 , , , 12162 1016 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 1016 5 . . . 12162 1017 1 III III NNP 12162 1017 2 . . NNP 12162 1017 3 , , , 12162 1017 4 p. p. NN 12162 1017 5 155A. 155A. NNP 12162 1018 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1018 2 47 47 CD 12162 1018 3 : : : 12162 1018 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1018 5 Ed Ed NNP 12162 1018 6 . . . 12162 1019 1 _ _ NNP 12162 1019 2 Rhotari Rhotari NNP 12162 1019 3 _ _ NNP 12162 1019 4 : : : 12162 1019 5 Leg Leg NNP 12162 1019 6 . . . 12162 1020 1 23 23 CD 12162 1020 2 and and CC 12162 1020 3 24 24 CD 12162 1020 4 . . . 12162 1020 5 v. v. CC 12162 1020 6 _ _ NNP 12162 1020 7 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 1020 8 _ _ NNP 12162 1020 9 : : : 12162 1020 10 op op NN 12162 1020 11 . . . 12162 1021 1 cit cit NNP 12162 1021 2 . . . 12162 1021 3 , , , 12162 1021 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 1021 5 . . . 12162 1022 1 I. I. NNP 12162 1022 2 , , , 12162 1022 3 Pars Pars NNP 12162 1022 4 II II NNP 12162 1022 5 . . . 12162 1023 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1023 2 48 48 CD 12162 1023 3 : : : 12162 1023 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1023 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1023 6 Liutprandi Liutprandi NNP 12162 1023 7 _ _ NNP 12162 1023 8 : : : 12162 1023 9 Leg Leg NNP 12162 1023 10 . . . 12162 1024 1 Lib Lib NNP 12162 1024 2 . . . 12162 1025 1 IV IV NNP 12162 1025 2 . . NNP 12162 1025 3 , , , 12162 1025 4 7 7 CD 12162 1025 5 . . . 12162 1026 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1026 2 49 49 CD 12162 1026 3 : : : 12162 1026 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1026 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1026 6 Liutprandi Liutprandi NNP 12162 1026 7 _ _ NNP 12162 1026 8 , , , 12162 1026 9 Leg Leg NNP 12162 1026 10 . . . 12162 1027 1 Lib Lib NNP 12162 1027 2 . . . 12162 1028 1 IV IV NNP 12162 1028 2 . . NNP 12162 1028 3 , , , 12162 1028 4 8 8 CD 12162 1028 5 , , , 12162 1028 6 says say VBZ 12162 1028 7 : : : 12162 1028 8 " " `` 12162 1028 9 Si Si NNP 12162 1028 10 homines homine NNS 12162 1028 11 de de IN 12162 1028 12 sub sub VB 12162 1028 13 uno uno NNP 12162 1028 14 Judice Judice NNP 12162 1028 15 , , , 12162 1028 16 de de NNP 12162 1028 17 duobus duobus NNP 12162 1028 18 tamen taman NNS 12162 1028 19 Sculdahis Sculdahis NNP 12162 1028 20 causam causam NN 12162 1028 21 habuerint habuerint NN 12162 1028 22 , , , 12162 1028 23 etc etc FW 12162 1028 24 . . . 12162 1028 25 " " '' 12162 1029 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1029 2 50 50 CD 12162 1029 3 : : : 12162 1029 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1029 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1029 6 Paulus Paulus NNP 12162 1029 7 Diaconus Diaconus NNP 12162 1029 8 _ _ NNP 12162 1029 9 : : : 12162 1029 10 De De NNP 12162 1029 11 Gest Gest NNP 12162 1029 12 . . . 12162 1030 1 Lang Lang NNP 12162 1030 2 . . NNP 12162 1030 3 , , , 12162 1030 4 Lib Lib NNP 12162 1030 5 . . . 12162 1031 1 VI VI NNP 12162 1031 2 . . NNP 12162 1031 3 , , , 12162 1031 4 24 24 CD 12162 1031 5 . . . 12162 1032 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1032 2 51 51 CD 12162 1032 3 : : : 12162 1032 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1032 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1032 6 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 1032 7 _ _ NNP 12162 1032 8 : : : 12162 1032 9 Ant Ant NNP 12162 1032 10 . . . 12162 1033 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 1033 2 . . . 12162 1034 1 Diss Diss NNP 12162 1034 2 . . . 12162 1035 1 X. X. NNP 12162 1035 2 , , , 12162 1035 3 Vol Vol NNP 12162 1035 4 . . . 12162 1036 1 I. I. NNP 12162 1036 2 , , , 12162 1036 3 Parte Parte NNP 12162 1036 4 II II NNP 12162 1036 5 . . NNP 12162 1036 6 , , , 12162 1036 7 p. p. NN 12162 1036 8 116 116 CD 12162 1036 9 . . . 12162 1037 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1037 2 52 52 CD 12162 1037 3 : : : 12162 1037 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1037 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1037 6 Ughelli Ughelli NNP 12162 1037 7 _ _ NNP 12162 1037 8 : : : 12162 1037 9 Italia Italia NNP 12162 1037 10 Sacra Sacra NNP 12162 1037 11 , , , 12162 1037 12 Tom Tom NNP 12162 1037 13 . . . 12162 1038 1 V. V. NNP 12162 1038 2 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1038 3 53 53 CD 12162 1038 4 : : : 12162 1038 5 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1038 6 _ _ NNP 12162 1038 7 Caroli Caroli NNP 12162 1038 8 Magni Magni NNP 12162 1038 9 _ _ NNP 12162 1038 10 , , , 12162 1038 11 Leg Leg NNP 12162 1038 12 . . . 12162 1039 1 Lomb lomb NN 12162 1039 2 . . . 12162 1040 1 36 36 CD 12162 1040 2 : : : 12162 1040 3 " " `` 12162 1040 4 Ut Ut NNP 12162 1040 5 nullus nullus JJ 12162 1040 6 homo homo NN 12162 1040 7 in in IN 12162 1040 8 Placito Placito NNP 12162 1040 9 Centenarii Centenarii NNP 12162 1040 10 neque neque JJ 12162 1040 11 ad ad NN 12162 1040 12 mortem mortem NN 12162 1040 13 , , , 12162 1040 14 neque neque NNP 12162 1040 15 ad ad NNP 12162 1040 16 libertatem libertatem NNP 12162 1040 17 suam suam NNP 12162 1040 18 amittendam amittendam NNP 12162 1040 19 , , , 12162 1040 20 aut aut NNP 12162 1040 21 res res NNP 12162 1040 22 reddendas reddendas NNP 12162 1040 23 vel vel NNP 12162 1040 24 mancipia mancipia NNP 12162 1040 25 judicetur judicetur NNP 12162 1040 26 . . . 12162 1041 1 Sed Sed NNP 12162 1041 2 ea ea NNP 12162 1041 3 omnium omnium NN 12162 1041 4 in in IN 12162 1041 5 praesentia praesentia NN 12162 1041 6 Comitum Comitum NNP 12162 1041 7 , , , 12162 1041 8 vel vel NNP 12162 1041 9 Missorum Missorum NNP 12162 1041 10 nostrorum nostrorum NN 12162 1041 11 , , , 12162 1041 12 judicentur judicentur NN 12162 1041 13 . . . 12162 1041 14 " " '' 12162 1042 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1042 2 54 54 CD 12162 1042 3 : : : 12162 1042 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1042 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1042 6 Liutprandi Liutprandi NNP 12162 1042 7 _ _ NNP 12162 1042 8 : : : 12162 1042 9 Leg Leg NNP 12162 1042 10 . . . 12162 1043 1 Lib Lib NNP 12162 1043 2 . . . 12162 1044 1 V. V. NNP 12162 1044 2 , , , 12162 1044 3 15 15 CD 12162 1044 4 . . . 12162 1045 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1045 2 55 55 CD 12162 1045 3 : : : 12162 1045 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1045 5 Chronicon Chronicon NNP 12162 1045 6 Fontanellense Fontanellense NNP 12162 1045 7 , , , 12162 1045 8 Cap Cap NNP 12162 1045 9 . . . 12162 1046 1 I. I. NNP 12162 1046 2 v. v. CC 12162 1046 3 _ _ NNP 12162 1046 4 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 1046 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1046 6 : : : 12162 1046 7 Ant Ant NNP 12162 1046 8 . . . 12162 1047 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 1047 2 . . . 12162 1048 1 Diss Diss NNP 12162 1048 2 . . . 12162 1049 1 X. X. NNP 12162 1049 2 , , , 12162 1049 3 Vol Vol NNP 12162 1049 4 . . . 12162 1050 1 I. I. NNP 12162 1050 2 , , , 12162 1050 3 Parte Parte NNP 12162 1050 4 I. I. NNP 12162 1050 5 , , , 12162 1050 6 p. p. NN 12162 1050 7 117 117 CD 12162 1050 8 . . . 12162 1051 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1051 2 56 56 CD 12162 1051 3 : : : 12162 1051 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1051 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1051 6 Rachis Rachis NNP 12162 1051 7 _ _ NNP 12162 1051 8 , , , 12162 1051 9 a a DT 12162 1051 10 decree decree NN 12162 1051 11 of of IN 12162 1051 12 -- -- : 12162 1051 13 existing exist VBG 12162 1051 14 in in IN 12162 1051 15 the the DT 12162 1051 16 Monast Monast NNP 12162 1051 17 . . . 12162 1052 1 of of IN 12162 1052 2 Bobbio Bobbio NNP 12162 1052 3 . . . 12162 1053 1 v. v. NNP 12162 1053 2 _ _ NNP 12162 1053 3 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 1053 4 _ _ NNP 12162 1053 5 : : : 12162 1053 6 Aut Aut NNP 12162 1053 7 . . . 12162 1054 1 tal tal NNP 12162 1054 2 . . . 12162 1055 1 Diss Diss NNP 12162 1055 2 . . NNP 12162 1055 3 , , , 12162 1055 4 Vol Vol NNP 12162 1055 5 . . . 12162 1056 1 I. I. NNP 12162 1056 2 , , , 12162 1056 3 Part Part NNP 12162 1056 4 I. I. NNP 12162 1056 5 , , , 12162 1056 6 p. p. NN 12162 1056 7 118 118 CD 12162 1056 8 ( ( -LRB- 12162 1056 9 Diss Diss NNP 12162 1056 10 . . . 12162 1057 1 X. X. NNP 12162 1057 2 ) ) -RRB- 12162 1057 3 . . . 12162 1058 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1058 2 57 57 CD 12162 1058 3 : : : 12162 1058 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1058 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1058 6 Liutprandi Liutprandi NNP 12162 1058 7 Ticinensis Ticinensis NNP 12162 1058 8 _ _ NNP 12162 1058 9 : : : 12162 1058 10 Historia Historia NNP 12162 1058 11 , , , 12162 1058 12 Lib Lib NNP 12162 1058 13 . . . 12162 1059 1 I. I. NNP 12162 1059 2 , , , 12162 1059 3 cap cap NN 12162 1059 4 . . . 12162 1060 1 10 10 CD 12162 1060 2 . . . 12162 1060 3 v. v. CC 12162 1060 4 _ _ NNP 12162 1060 5 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 1060 6 _ _ NNP 12162 1060 7 : : : 12162 1060 8 Script Script NNP 12162 1060 9 . . . 12162 1061 1 Rer Rer NNP 12162 1061 2 . . . 12162 1062 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 1062 2 . . . 12162 1063 1 II II NNP 12162 1063 2 . . NNP 12162 1063 3 , , , 12162 1063 4 p. p. NN 12162 1063 5 431 431 CD 12162 1063 6 . . . 12162 1064 1 _ _ NNP 12162 1064 2 Pertz Pertz NNP 12162 1064 3 _ _ NNP 12162 1064 4 , , , 12162 1064 5 Monum Monum NNP 12162 1064 6 . . . 12162 1065 1 ; ; : 12162 1065 2 Script Script NNP 12162 1065 3 . . NNP 12162 1065 4 , , , 12162 1065 5 Tom Tom NNP 12162 1065 6 . . . 12162 1066 1 III iii CD 12162 1066 2 . . . 12162 1067 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1067 2 58 58 CD 12162 1067 3 : : : 12162 1067 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1067 5 The the DT 12162 1067 6 opposite opposite JJ 12162 1067 7 sides side NNS 12162 1067 8 of of IN 12162 1067 9 the the DT 12162 1067 10 question question NN 12162 1067 11 are be VBP 12162 1067 12 ably ably RB 12162 1067 13 presented present VBN 12162 1067 14 by by IN 12162 1067 15 _ _ NNP 12162 1067 16 Savigny Savigny NNP 12162 1067 17 _ _ NNP 12162 1067 18 : : : 12162 1067 19 Geschichte Geschichte NNP 12162 1067 20 des des NNP 12162 1067 21 Röm Röm NNP 12162 1067 22 . . . 12162 1068 1 Rechts recht NNS 12162 1068 2 , , , 12162 1068 3 etc etc FW 12162 1068 4 . . . 12162 1068 5 , , , 12162 1068 6 Vol Vol NNP 12162 1068 7 . . . 12162 1069 1 I. I. NNP 12162 1069 2 , , , 12162 1069 3 p. p. NN 12162 1069 4 230 230 CD 12162 1069 5 et et NN 12162 1069 6 seq seq NN 12162 1069 7 . . . 12162 1070 1 ( ( -LRB- 12162 1070 2 trans trans NNP 12162 1070 3 . . . 12162 1071 1 ) ) -RRB- 12162 1071 2 , , , 12162 1071 3 and and CC 12162 1071 4 _ _ NNP 12162 1071 5 Hegel Hegel NNP 12162 1071 6 _ _ NNP 12162 1071 7 ; ; : 12162 1071 8 Städteverfassung Städteverfassung NNP 12162 1071 9 v. v. IN 12162 1071 10 Italien Italien NNP 12162 1071 11 , , , 12162 1071 12 etc etc FW 12162 1071 13 . . FW 12162 1071 14 , , , 12162 1071 15 I. i. NN 12162 1071 16 , , , 12162 1071 17 page page NN 12162 1071 18 470 470 CD 12162 1071 19 , , , 12162 1071 20 note note NN 12162 1071 21 . . . 12162 1072 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1072 2 59 59 CD 12162 1072 3 : : : 12162 1072 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1072 5 It -PRON- PRP 12162 1072 6 is be VBZ 12162 1072 7 difficult difficult JJ 12162 1072 8 to to TO 12162 1072 9 find find VB 12162 1072 10 an an DT 12162 1072 11 English english JJ 12162 1072 12 word word NN 12162 1072 13 which which WDT 12162 1072 14 intelligently intelligently RB 12162 1072 15 renders render VBZ 12162 1072 16 the the DT 12162 1072 17 various various JJ 12162 1072 18 names name NNS 12162 1072 19 for for IN 12162 1072 20 these these DT 12162 1072 21 freemen freeman NNS 12162 1072 22 in in IN 12162 1072 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 12162 1072 24 judicial judicial JJ 12162 1072 25 capacity capacity NN 12162 1072 26 , , , 12162 1072 27 used use VBN 12162 1072 28 by by IN 12162 1072 29 the the DT 12162 1072 30 different different JJ 12162 1072 31 nations nation NNS 12162 1072 32 , , , 12162 1072 33 such such JJ 12162 1072 34 as as IN 12162 1072 35 _ _ NNP 12162 1072 36 arimanni arimanni NNP 12162 1072 37 , , , 12162 1072 38 rachinburgi rachinburgi NNP 12162 1072 39 , , , 12162 1072 40 boni boni NNP 12162 1072 41 homines homines NNPS 12162 1072 42 _ _ NNP 12162 1072 43 , , , 12162 1072 44 etc etc FW 12162 1072 45 . . . 12162 1073 1 Most Most JJS 12162 1073 2 English english JJ 12162 1073 3 writers writer NNS 12162 1073 4 make make VBP 12162 1073 5 use use NN 12162 1073 6 of of IN 12162 1073 7 the the DT 12162 1073 8 German german JJ 12162 1073 9 word word NN 12162 1073 10 _ _ NNP 12162 1073 11 schöppen schöppen NNP 12162 1073 12 _ _ NNP 12162 1073 13 . . . 12162 1074 1 I -PRON- PRP 12162 1074 2 have have VBP 12162 1074 3 taken take VBN 12162 1074 4 the the DT 12162 1074 5 rendering rendering JJ 12162 1074 6 " " `` 12162 1074 7 judicators judicator NNS 12162 1074 8 " " '' 12162 1074 9 from from IN 12162 1074 10 Edward Edward NNP 12162 1074 11 Cathcart Cathcart NNP 12162 1074 12 , , , 12162 1074 13 the the DT 12162 1074 14 translator translator NN 12162 1074 15 of of IN 12162 1074 16 the the DT 12162 1074 17 first first JJ 12162 1074 18 volume volume NN 12162 1074 19 of of IN 12162 1074 20 Savigny Savigny NNP 12162 1074 21 's 's POS 12162 1074 22 Geschichte Geschichte NNP 12162 1074 23 des des FW 12162 1074 24 Römischen Römischen NNP 12162 1074 25 Rechts Rechts NNP 12162 1074 26 i -PRON- PRP 12162 1074 27 m be VBP 12162 1074 28 Mittelalter mittelalter NN 12162 1074 29 . . . 12162 1075 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1075 2 60 60 CD 12162 1075 3 : : : 12162 1075 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1075 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1075 6 Liutprandi Liutprandi NNP 12162 1075 7 _ _ NNP 12162 1075 8 : : : 12162 1075 9 Leg Leg NNP 12162 1075 10 . . . 12162 1076 1 25 25 CD 12162 1076 2 , , , 12162 1076 3 Lib Lib NNP 12162 1076 4 . . . 12162 1077 1 IV IV NNP 12162 1077 2 . . NNP 12162 1077 3 , , , 12162 1077 4 7 7 CD 12162 1077 5 . . . 12162 1078 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1078 2 61 61 CD 12162 1078 3 : : : 12162 1078 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1078 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1078 6 Rachis Rachis NNP 12162 1078 7 _ _ NNP 12162 1078 8 : : : 12162 1078 9 Leg Leg NNP 12162 1078 10 . . . 12162 1079 1 No no UH 12162 1079 2 . . . 12162 1080 1 11 11 CD 12162 1080 2 . . . 12162 1081 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1081 2 62 62 CD 12162 1081 3 : : : 12162 1081 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1081 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1081 6 Savigny Savigny NNP 12162 1081 7 _ _ NNP 12162 1081 8 : : : 12162 1081 9 Geschichte Geschichte NNP 12162 1081 10 , , , 12162 1081 11 etc etc FW 12162 1081 12 . . . 12162 1081 13 , , , 12162 1081 14 Vol Vol NNP 12162 1081 15 . . . 12162 1082 1 I. I. NNP 12162 1082 2 , , , 12162 1082 3 p. p. NN 12162 1082 4 233 233 CD 12162 1082 5 , , , 12162 1082 6 trans trans NNPS 12162 1082 7 . . . 12162 1083 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1083 2 63 63 CD 12162 1083 3 : : : 12162 1083 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1083 5 Preserved preserve VBN 12162 1083 6 in in IN 12162 1083 7 the the DT 12162 1083 8 Archives Archives NNP 12162 1083 9 of of IN 12162 1083 10 Farfa Farfa NNP 12162 1083 11 . . . 12162 1084 1 Published publish VBN 12162 1084 2 by by IN 12162 1084 3 : : : 12162 1084 4 _ _ NNP 12162 1084 5 Mabillon Mabillon NNP 12162 1084 6 _ _ NNP 12162 1084 7 : : : 12162 1084 8 Annales Annales NNP 12162 1084 9 Ord Ord NNP 12162 1084 10 . . . 12162 1085 1 S. S. NNP 12162 1085 2 Benedicti Benedicti NNP 12162 1085 3 , , , 12162 1085 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 1085 5 . . . 12162 1086 1 II II NNP 12162 1086 2 . . NNP 12162 1086 3 , , , 12162 1086 4 p. p. NN 12162 1086 5 154 154 CD 12162 1086 6 . . . 12162 1087 1 _ _ NNP 12162 1087 2 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 1087 3 _ _ NNP 12162 1087 4 : : : 12162 1087 5 Script Script NNP 12162 1087 6 . . . 12162 1088 1 Rer Rer NNP 12162 1088 2 . . . 12162 1089 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 1089 2 . . NNP 12162 1089 3 , , , 12162 1089 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 1089 5 . . . 12162 1090 1 II II NNP 12162 1090 2 . . NNP 12162 1090 3 , , , 12162 1090 4 Pars Pars NNP 12162 1090 5 II II NNP 12162 1090 6 . . NNP 12162 1090 7 , , , 12162 1090 8 p. p. NN 12162 1090 9 341 341 CD 12162 1090 10 . . . 12162 1091 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1091 2 64 64 CD 12162 1091 3 : : : 12162 1091 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1091 5 We -PRON- PRP 12162 1091 6 have have VBP 12162 1091 7 confirmation confirmation NN 12162 1091 8 of of IN 12162 1091 9 this this DT 12162 1091 10 from from IN 12162 1091 11 a a DT 12162 1091 12 document document NN 12162 1091 13 of of IN 12162 1091 14 the the DT 12162 1091 15 early early JJ 12162 1091 16 part part NN 12162 1091 17 of of IN 12162 1091 18 the the DT 12162 1091 19 ninth ninth JJ 12162 1091 20 century century NN 12162 1091 21 , , , 12162 1091 22 which which WDT 12162 1091 23 says say VBZ 12162 1091 24 : : : 12162 1091 25 " " `` 12162 1091 26 De De NNP 12162 1091 27 Vicariis Vicariis NNP 12162 1091 28 et et NNP 12162 1091 29 Centenariis Centenariis NNP 12162 1091 30 qui qui NNP 12162 1091 31 magis magis NNPS 12162 1091 32 propter propter NNP 12162 1091 33 cupiditatem cupiditatem NNP 12162 1091 34 quam quam NNP 12162 1091 35 propter propter NNP 12162 1091 36 justitiam justitiam NNP 12162 1091 37 faciendam faciendam NNP 12162 1091 38 saepissime saepissime NNP 12162 1091 39 placita placita NNP 12162 1091 40 tenent tenent NN 12162 1091 41 , , , 12162 1091 42 et et NNP 12162 1091 43 exinde exinde NNP 12162 1091 44 populum populum NNP 12162 1091 45 minus minus NNP 12162 1091 46 affligunt affligunt NNP 12162 1091 47 , , , 12162 1091 48 ita ita NNP 12162 1091 49 teneatur teneatur NNP 12162 1091 50 ... ... : 12162 1091 51 ut ut UH 12162 1091 52 videlicet videlicet FW 12162 1091 53 in in IN 12162 1091 54 anno anno NNP 12162 1091 55 tria tria NNP 12162 1091 56 solummodo solummodo NNP 12162 1091 57 generalia generalia NNP 12162 1091 58 placita placita NNP 12162 1091 59 observent observent NNP 12162 1091 60 et et NNP 12162 1091 61 nullos nullos NNP 12162 1091 62 eos eos NNP 12162 1091 63 amplius amplius NNP 12162 1091 64 placita placita NNP 12162 1091 65 observare observare VBP 12162 1091 66 compellat compellat JJ 12162 1091 67 . . . 12162 1091 68 " " '' 12162 1092 1 From from IN 12162 1092 2 Worms Worms NNP 12162 1092 3 Capitulary Capitulary NNP 12162 1092 4 of of IN 12162 1092 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1092 6 Lewis Lewis NNP 12162 1092 7 the the DT 12162 1092 8 Debonnair Debonnair NNP 12162 1092 9 _ _ NNP 12162 1092 10 , , , 12162 1092 11 a. a. NN 12162 1093 1 829 829 CD 12162 1093 2 , , , 12162 1093 3 c. c. NNP 12162 1093 4 5 5 CD 12162 1093 5 . . . 12162 1094 1 Also also RB 12162 1094 2 compare compare VB 12162 1094 3 : : : 12162 1094 4 Capit Capit NNP 12162 1094 5 . . . 12162 1095 1 V. V. NNP 12162 1095 2 , , , 12162 1095 3 anni anni NNP 12162 1095 4 819 819 CD 12162 1095 5 , , , 12162 1095 6 Art art NN 12162 1095 7 . . . 12162 1096 1 14 14 CD 12162 1096 2 . . . 12162 1097 1 Capit Capit NNP 12162 1097 2 . . . 12162 1097 3 , , , 12162 1097 4 Lib Lib NNP 12162 1097 5 . . . 12162 1098 1 IV IV NNP 12162 1098 2 . . NNP 12162 1098 3 , , , 12162 1098 4 c. c. NNP 12162 1098 5 57 57 CD 12162 1098 6 . . . 12162 1099 1 ( ( -LRB- 12162 1099 2 _ _ NNP 12162 1099 3 Baluzii Baluzii NNP 12162 1099 4 _ _ NNP 12162 1099 5 , , , 12162 1099 6 616 616 CD 12162 1099 7 infr infr NN 12162 1099 8 . . . 12162 1099 9 , , , 12162 1099 10 788 788 CD 12162 1099 11 supr supr NN 12162 1099 12 . . . 12162 1099 13 ) ) -RRB- 12162 1100 1 _ _ NNP 12162 1100 2 Caroli Caroli NNP 12162 1100 3 Magni Magni NNP 12162 1100 4 _ _ NNP 12162 1100 5 , , , 12162 1100 6 Leg Leg NNP 12162 1100 7 . . . 12162 1101 1 Long long RB 12162 1101 2 . . . 12162 1102 1 69 69 CD 12162 1102 2 . . . 12162 1103 1 ( ( -LRB- 12162 1103 2 _ _ NNP 12162 1103 3 Canciani Canciani NNP 12162 1103 4 _ _ NNP 12162 1103 5 I. I. NNP 12162 1103 6 , , , 12162 1103 7 157 157 CD 12162 1103 8 . . . 12162 1103 9 ) ) -RRB- 12162 1104 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1104 2 65 65 CD 12162 1104 3 : : : 12162 1104 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1104 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1104 6 Brunetti Brunetti NNP 12162 1104 7 _ _ NNP 12162 1104 8 : : : 12162 1104 9 Cod cod NN 12162 1104 10 . . . 12162 1105 1 Diplom Diplom NNP 12162 1105 2 . . . 12162 1106 1 Toscan Toscan NNP 12162 1106 2 . . . 12162 1107 1 Doc doc UH 12162 1107 2 . . . 12162 1108 1 No no UH 12162 1108 2 . . . 12162 1109 1 18 18 CD 12162 1109 2 . . . 12162 1110 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1110 2 66 66 CD 12162 1110 3 : : : 12162 1110 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1110 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1110 6 Bouquet Bouquet NNP 12162 1110 7 _ _ NNP 12162 1110 8 : : : 12162 1110 9 Rerum Rerum NNP 12162 1110 10 Ghillicarum Ghillicarum NNP 12162 1110 11 et et NNP 12162 1110 12 Francicarum Francicarum NNP 12162 1110 13 Scriptores Scriptores NNP 12162 1110 14 . . . 12162 1111 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1111 2 67 67 CD 12162 1111 3 : : : 12162 1111 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1111 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1111 6 Baluzii Baluzii NNP 12162 1111 7 _ _ NNP 12162 1111 8 : : : 12162 1111 9 Capit Capit NNP 12162 1111 10 . . . 12162 1112 1 Reg reg NN 12162 1112 2 . . . 12162 1113 1 Franc franc NN 12162 1113 2 . . . 12162 1114 1 a. a. NN 12162 1115 1 789 789 CD 12162 1115 2 , , , 12162 1115 3 Tom Tom NNP 12162 1115 4 . . . 12162 1116 1 V. V. NNP 12162 1116 2 , , , 12162 1116 3 p. p. NN 12162 1116 4 746 746 CD 12162 1116 5 . . . 12162 1117 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1117 2 68 68 CD 12162 1117 3 : : : 12162 1117 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1117 5 Capit Capit NNP 12162 1117 6 . . . 12162 1118 1 I. I. NNP 12162 1118 2 , , , 12162 1118 3 Art art NN 12162 1118 4 . . . 12162 1119 1 13 13 CD 12162 1119 2 , , , 12162 1119 3 anni anni NNP 12162 1119 4 813 813 CD 12162 1119 5 . . . 12162 1119 6 v. v. CC 12162 1119 7 _ _ NNP 12162 1119 8 Baluzii Baluzii NNP 12162 1119 9 _ _ NNP 12162 1119 10 : : : 12162 1119 11 Capit Capit NNP 12162 1119 12 . . . 12162 1120 1 Reg reg NN 12162 1120 2 . . . 12162 1121 1 Franc Franc NNP 12162 1121 2 . . . 12162 1121 3 , , , 12162 1121 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 1121 5 . . . 12162 1122 1 I. I. NNP 12162 1122 2 , , , 12162 1122 3 p. p. NN 12162 1122 4 509 509 CD 12162 1122 5 . . . 12162 1123 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1123 2 69 69 CD 12162 1123 3 : : : 12162 1123 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1123 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1123 6 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 1123 7 _ _ NNP 12162 1123 8 : : : 12162 1123 9 Ant Ant NNP 12162 1123 10 . . . 12162 1124 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 1124 2 . . . 12162 1125 1 Diss Diss NNP 12162 1125 2 . . . 12162 1126 1 X. X. NNP 12162 1126 2 , , , 12162 1126 3 Vol Vol NNP 12162 1126 4 . . . 12162 1127 1 I. I. NNP 12162 1127 2 , , , 12162 1127 3 Pars Pars NNP 12162 1127 4 I. I. NNP 12162 1127 5 , , , 12162 1127 6 p. p. NN 12162 1127 7 115 115 CD 12162 1127 8 . . . 12162 1128 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1128 2 70 70 CD 12162 1128 3 : : : 12162 1128 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1128 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1128 6 Caroli Caroli NNP 12162 1128 7 Magni Magni NNP 12162 1128 8 _ _ NNP 12162 1128 9 : : : 12162 1128 10 Leg Leg NNP 12162 1128 11 . . . 12162 1129 1 Long long RB 12162 1129 2 . . . 12162 1130 1 No no UH 12162 1130 2 . . . 12162 1131 1 92 92 CD 12162 1131 2 . . . 12162 1132 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1132 2 71 71 CD 12162 1132 3 : : : 12162 1132 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1132 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1132 6 Sismondi Sismondi NNP 12162 1132 7 _ _ NNP 12162 1132 8 : : : 12162 1132 9 Rep. Rep. NNP 12162 1132 10 Ital Ital NNP 12162 1132 11 . . . 12162 1133 1 du du NNP 12162 1133 2 Moyen Moyen NNP 12162 1133 3 Age Age NNP 12162 1133 4 , , , 12162 1133 5 Vol Vol NNP 12162 1133 6 . . . 12162 1134 1 I. I. NNP 12162 1134 2 , , , 12162 1134 3 p. p. NN 12162 1134 4 268 268 CD 12162 1134 5 . . . 12162 1135 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1135 2 72 72 CD 12162 1135 3 : : : 12162 1135 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1135 5 Capit Capit NNP 12162 1135 6 . . . 12162 1136 1 II II NNP 12162 1136 2 . . NNP 12162 1136 3 , , , 12162 1136 4 anni anni NNP 12162 1136 5 819 819 CD 12162 1136 6 , , , 12162 1136 7 Art art NN 12162 1136 8 . . . 12162 1137 1 2 2 LS 12162 1137 2 . . . 12162 1137 3 v. v. NNP 12162 1137 4 _ _ NNP 12162 1137 5 Baluzii Baluzii NNP 12162 1137 6 _ _ NNP 12162 1137 7 : : : 12162 1137 8 Capit Capit NNP 12162 1137 9 . . . 12162 1138 1 Reg reg NN 12162 1138 2 . . . 12162 1139 1 Franc Franc NNP 12162 1139 2 . . . 12162 1139 3 , , , 12162 1139 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 1139 5 . . . 12162 1140 1 I. I. NNP 12162 1140 2 , , , 12162 1140 3 p. p. NN 12162 1140 4 605 605 CD 12162 1140 5 . . . 12162 1141 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1141 2 73 73 CD 12162 1141 3 : : : 12162 1141 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1141 5 Loc Loc NNP 12162 1141 6 . . . 12162 1142 1 cit cit NNP 12162 1142 2 . . . 12162 1143 1 sup sup NNP 12162 1143 2 . . . 12162 1144 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1144 2 74 74 CD 12162 1144 3 : : : 12162 1144 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1144 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1144 6 Caroli Caroli NNP 12162 1144 7 Magni Magni NNP 12162 1144 8 _ _ NNP 12162 1144 9 : : : 12162 1144 10 Leg Leg NNP 12162 1144 11 . . . 12162 1145 1 Long long RB 12162 1145 2 . . . 12162 1146 1 No no UH 12162 1146 2 . . . 12162 1147 1 116 116 CD 12162 1147 2 . . . 12162 1148 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1148 2 75 75 CD 12162 1148 3 : : : 12162 1148 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1148 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1148 6 Caroli Caroli NNP 12162 1148 7 Magni Magni NNP 12162 1148 8 _ _ NNP 12162 1148 9 : : : 12162 1148 10 Cap Cap NNP 12162 1148 11 . . . 12162 1149 1 Minora Minora NNP 12162 1149 2 , , , 12162 1149 3 anni anni NNP 12162 1149 4 803 803 CD 12162 1149 5 , , , 12162 1149 6 c. c. NNP 12162 1149 7 20 20 CD 12162 1149 8 . . . 12162 1150 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1150 2 76 76 CD 12162 1150 3 : : : 12162 1150 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1150 5 " " `` 12162 1150 6 Adjutores Adjutores NNP 12162 1150 7 Comitum Comitum NNP 12162 1150 8 , , , 12162 1150 9 qui qui NN 12162 1150 10 meliores meliore NNS 12162 1150 11 , , , 12162 1150 12 et et NNP 12162 1150 13 veraciores veraciores NNP 12162 1150 14 inveniri inveniri NNP 12162 1150 15 possunt possunt NNP 12162 1150 16 . . . 12162 1150 17 " " '' 12162 1151 1 _ _ NNP 12162 1151 2 Lothar Lothar NNP 12162 1151 3 I -PRON- PRP 12162 1151 4 _ _ NNP 12162 1151 5 . . . 12162 1152 1 : : : 12162 1152 2 Leg Leg NNP 12162 1152 3 . . . 12162 1153 1 No no UH 12162 1153 2 . . . 12162 1154 1 49 49 CD 12162 1154 2 . . . 12162 1154 3 v. v. CC 12162 1154 4 _ _ NNP 12162 1154 5 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 1154 6 _ _ NNP 12162 1154 7 : : : 12162 1154 8 Ant Ant NNP 12162 1154 9 . . . 12162 1155 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 1155 2 . . . 12162 1156 1 Diss Diss NNP 12162 1156 2 . . . 12162 1157 1 X. X. NNP 12162 1157 2 , , , 12162 1157 3 Vol Vol NNP 12162 1157 4 . . . 12162 1158 1 I. I. NNP 12162 1158 2 , , , 12162 1158 3 Parte Parte NNP 12162 1158 4 I. I. NNP 12162 1158 5 , , , 12162 1158 6 p. p. NN 12162 1158 7 112 112 CD 12162 1158 8 . . . 12162 1159 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1159 2 77 77 CD 12162 1159 3 : : : 12162 1159 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1159 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1159 6 Caroli Caroli NNP 12162 1159 7 Magni Magni NNP 12162 1159 8 _ _ NNP 12162 1159 9 : : : 12162 1159 10 Capit Capit NNP 12162 1159 11 . . . 12162 1160 1 I. I. NNP 12162 1160 2 , , , 12162 1160 3 anni anni NNP 12162 1160 4 809 809 CD 12162 1160 5 , , , 12162 1160 6 Art art NN 12162 1160 7 . . . 12162 1161 1 22 22 CD 12162 1161 2 . . . 12162 1161 3 v. v. NNP 12162 1161 4 _ _ NNP 12162 1161 5 Baluzii Baluzii NNP 12162 1161 6 _ _ NNP 12162 1161 7 : : : 12162 1161 8 Capit Capit NNP 12162 1161 9 . . . 12162 1162 1 Reg reg NN 12162 1162 2 . . . 12162 1163 1 Franc franc NN 12162 1163 2 . . . 12162 1164 1 I. I. NNP 12162 1164 2 , , , 12162 1164 3 466 466 CD 12162 1164 4 infr infr NN 12162 1164 5 . . . 12162 1165 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1165 2 78 78 CD 12162 1165 3 : : : 12162 1165 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1165 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1165 6 Lothar Lothar NNP 12162 1165 7 I -PRON- PRP 12162 1165 8 _ _ NNP 12162 1165 9 . . . 12162 1166 1 : : : 12162 1166 2 Capit Capit NNP 12162 1166 3 . . . 12162 1167 1 anni anni NNP 12162 1167 2 873 873 CD 12162 1167 3 , , , 12162 1167 4 Art Art NNP 12162 1167 5 . . . 12162 1168 1 9 9 LS 12162 1168 2 . . . 12162 1168 3 v. v. CC 12162 1168 4 _ _ NNP 12162 1168 5 Baluzii Baluzii NNP 12162 1168 6 _ _ NNP 12162 1168 7 : : : 12162 1168 8 Capit Capit NNP 12162 1168 9 . . . 12162 1169 1 Reg reg NN 12162 1169 2 . . . 12162 1170 1 Franc franc NN 12162 1170 2 . . . 12162 1171 1 Tom Tom NNP 12162 1171 2 . . . 12162 1172 1 II II NNP 12162 1172 2 . . NNP 12162 1172 3 , , , 12162 1172 4 p. p. NN 12162 1172 5 232 232 CD 12162 1172 6 . . . 12162 1173 1 Leg Leg NNP 12162 1173 2 . . . 12162 1174 1 No no UH 12162 1174 2 . . . 12162 1175 1 48 48 CD 12162 1175 2 . . . 12162 1175 3 v. v. CC 12162 1175 4 _ _ NNP 12162 1175 5 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 1175 6 _ _ NNP 12162 1175 7 : : : 12162 1175 8 Diss Diss NNP 12162 1175 9 . . . 12162 1176 1 X. X. NNP 12162 1176 2 , , , 12162 1176 3 Vol Vol NNP 12162 1176 4 . . . 12162 1177 1 I. I. NNP 12162 1177 2 , , , 12162 1177 3 P. P. NNP 12162 1177 4 I. I. NNP 12162 1177 5 , , , 12162 1177 6 p. p. NN 12162 1177 7 112 112 CD 12162 1177 8 . . . 12162 1178 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1178 2 79 79 CD 12162 1178 3 : : : 12162 1178 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1178 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1178 6 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 1178 7 _ _ NNP 12162 1178 8 : : : 12162 1178 9 Ant Ant NNP 12162 1178 10 . . . 12162 1179 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 1179 2 . . . 12162 1180 1 Diss Diss NNP 12162 1180 2 . . . 12162 1181 1 LXXVII LXXVII NNP 12162 1181 2 . . . 12162 1181 3 , , , 12162 1181 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 1181 5 . . . 12162 1182 1 III III NNP 12162 1182 2 . . NNP 12162 1182 3 , , , 12162 1182 4 Parte Parte NNP 12162 1182 5 II II NNP 12162 1182 6 . . NNP 12162 1182 7 , , , 12162 1182 8 p. p. NN 12162 1182 9 189 189 CD 12162 1182 10 . . . 12162 1183 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1183 2 80 80 CD 12162 1183 3 : : : 12162 1183 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1183 5 Vid Vid NNP 12162 1183 6 . . . 12162 1184 1 _ _ NNP 12162 1184 2 Tommasio Tommasio NNP 12162 1184 3 _ _ NNP 12162 1184 4 : : : 12162 1184 5 Historia Historia NNP 12162 1184 6 sanese sanese NN 12162 1184 7 , , , 12162 1184 8 Lib Lib NNP 12162 1184 9 . . . 12162 1185 1 IV IV NNP 12162 1185 2 . . . 12162 1186 1 ; ; : 12162 1186 2 _ _ NNP 12162 1186 3 Ughelli Ughelli NNP 12162 1186 4 _ _ NNP 12162 1186 5 : : : 12162 1186 6 Italia Italia NNP 12162 1186 7 Sacra Sacra NNP 12162 1186 8 , , , 12162 1186 9 Tom Tom NNP 12162 1186 10 . . . 12162 1187 1 III III NNP 12162 1187 2 . . . 12162 1187 3 , , , 12162 1187 4 for for IN 12162 1187 5 this this DT 12162 1187 6 privilege privilege NN 12162 1187 7 . . . 12162 1188 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1188 2 81 81 CD 12162 1188 3 : : : 12162 1188 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1188 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1188 6 Brunetti Brunetti NNP 12162 1188 7 _ _ NNP 12162 1188 8 : : : 12162 1188 9 Cod cod NN 12162 1188 10 . . . 12162 1189 1 Diplom Diplom NNP 12162 1189 2 . . . 12162 1190 1 Toscan Toscan NNP 12162 1190 2 . . . 12162 1191 1 No no UH 12162 1191 2 . . . 12162 1192 1 8 8 CD 12162 1192 2 , , , 12162 1192 3 a. a. NN 12162 1193 1 715 715 CD 12162 1193 2 . . . 12162 1194 1 A a DT 12162 1194 2 priest priest NN 12162 1194 3 named name VBN 12162 1194 4 Gunthram Gunthram NNP 12162 1194 5 says say VBZ 12162 1194 6 : : : 12162 1194 7 " " `` 12162 1194 8 Nec Nec NNP 12162 1194 9 cumquam cumquam NN 12162 1194 10 ab ab NNP 12162 1194 11 episcopum episcopum NNP 12162 1194 12 Senensem Senensem NNP 12162 1194 13 coridicionem coridicionem NNP 12162 1194 14 habuimus habuimus NN 12162 1194 15 , , , 12162 1194 16 nisi nisi NNP 12162 1194 17 , , , 12162 1194 18 si si NNP 12162 1194 19 de de FW 12162 1194 20 seculares seculares NNP 12162 1194 21 causas causas NNP 12162 1194 22 nobis nobi NNS 12162 1194 23 oppressio oppressio VBP 12162 1194 24 fiebat fiebat NNP 12162 1194 25 , , , 12162 1194 26 veniebamus veniebamus NN 12162 1194 27 ad ad NN 12162 1194 28 judicem judicem NNP 12162 1194 29 Senensem Senensem NNP 12162 1194 30 , , , 12162 1194 31 eo eo NNP 12162 1194 32 quod quod NN 12162 1194 33 in in IN 12162 1194 34 ejus ejus NNP 12162 1194 35 territorio territorio NNP 12162 1194 36 sedebamus sedebamus NNP 12162 1194 37 . . . 12162 1194 38 " " '' 12162 1195 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1195 2 82 82 CD 12162 1195 3 : : : 12162 1195 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1195 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1195 6 Brunetti Brunetti NNP 12162 1195 7 _ _ NNP 12162 1195 8 : : : 12162 1195 9 Cod cod NN 12162 1195 10 . . . 12162 1196 1 Diplom Diplom NNP 12162 1196 2 . . . 12162 1197 1 Toscan Toscan NNP 12162 1197 2 . . . 12162 1198 1 No no UH 12162 1198 2 , , , 12162 1198 3 8 8 CD 12162 1198 4 , , , 12162 1198 5 a. a. NN 12162 1199 1 715 715 CD 12162 1199 2 . . . 12162 1200 1 Germanus Germanus NNP 12162 1200 2 , , , 12162 1200 3 a a DT 12162 1200 4 deacon deacon NN 12162 1200 5 , , , 12162 1200 6 says say VBZ 12162 1200 7 : : : 12162 1200 8 " " `` 12162 1200 9 Quoniam Quoniam NNP 12162 1200 10 prelectus prelectus NN 12162 1200 11 a a DT 12162 1200 12 plebe plebe NNP 12162 1200 13 , , , 12162 1200 14 cum cum NNP 12162 1200 15 epistola epistola NNP 12162 1200 16 Warnefried Warnefried NNP 12162 1200 17 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1200 18 the the DT 12162 1200 19 Gastald Gastald NNP 12162 1200 20 of of IN 12162 1200 21 Siena Siena NNP 12162 1200 22 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1200 23 rogaturus rogaturus NN 12162 1200 24 ambulavi ambulavi NN 12162 1200 25 ad ad NN 12162 1200 26 Luperceanum Luperceanum NNP 12162 1200 27 Aretine Aretine NNP 12162 1200 28 Ecclesie Ecclesie NNP 12162 1200 29 Episcopum Episcopum NNP 12162 1200 30 et et NN 12162 1200 31 per per IN 12162 1200 32 eum eum NN 12162 1200 33 consecratus consecratus NN 12162 1200 34 sum sum NN 12162 1200 35 . . . 12162 1200 36 " " '' 12162 1201 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1201 2 83 83 CD 12162 1201 3 : : : 12162 1201 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1201 5 For for IN 12162 1201 6 example example NN 12162 1201 7 see see VBP 12162 1201 8 a a DT 12162 1201 9 judgment judgment NN 12162 1201 10 of of IN 12162 1201 11 the the DT 12162 1201 12 year year NN 12162 1201 13 771 771 CD 12162 1201 14 , , , 12162 1201 15 in in IN 12162 1201 16 the the DT 12162 1201 17 Archivio Archivio NNP 12162 1201 18 of of IN 12162 1201 19 Lucca Lucca NNP 12162 1201 20 . . . 12162 1202 1 For for IN 12162 1202 2 which which WDT 12162 1202 3 vid vid NN 12162 1202 4 . . . 12162 1203 1 _ _ NNP 12162 1203 2 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 1203 3 _ _ NNP 12162 1203 4 : : : 12162 1203 5 Ant Ant NNP 12162 1203 6 . . . 12162 1204 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 1204 2 . . . 12162 1205 1 Diss Diss NNP 12162 1205 2 . . . 12162 1206 1 LXX LXX NNP 12162 1206 2 . . . 12162 1206 3 , , , 12162 1206 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 1206 5 . . . 12162 1207 1 III III NNP 12162 1207 2 . . NNP 12162 1207 3 , , , 12162 1207 4 P. P. NNP 12162 1208 1 II II NNP 12162 1208 2 . . NNP 12162 1208 3 , , , 12162 1208 4 p. p. NN 12162 1208 5 184 184 CD 12162 1208 6 . . . 12162 1209 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1209 2 84 84 CD 12162 1209 3 : : : 12162 1209 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1209 5 Good good JJ 12162 1209 6 illustrations illustration NNS 12162 1209 7 of of IN 12162 1209 8 all all PDT 12162 1209 9 these these DT 12162 1209 10 statements statement NNS 12162 1209 11 are be VBP 12162 1209 12 to to TO 12162 1209 13 be be VB 12162 1209 14 found find VBN 12162 1209 15 in in IN 12162 1209 16 two two CD 12162 1209 17 documents document NNS 12162 1209 18 in in IN 12162 1209 19 the the DT 12162 1209 20 Archivio Archivio NNP 12162 1209 21 Archivescovile Archivescovile NNP 12162 1209 22 of of IN 12162 1209 23 Lucca Lucca NNP 12162 1209 24 , , , 12162 1209 25 of of IN 12162 1209 26 about about IN 12162 1209 27 the the DT 12162 1209 28 year year NN 12162 1209 29 813 813 CD 12162 1209 30 . . . 12162 1210 1 Vid Vid NNP 12162 1210 2 . . . 12162 1211 1 _ _ NNP 12162 1211 2 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 1211 3 _ _ NNP 12162 1211 4 : : : 12162 1211 5 Ant Ant NNP 12162 1211 6 . . . 12162 1212 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 1212 2 . . . 12162 1213 1 Diss Diss NNP 12162 1213 2 . . . 12162 1214 1 LXX LXX NNP 12162 1214 2 . . . 12162 1214 3 , , , 12162 1214 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 1214 5 . . . 12162 1215 1 III III NNP 12162 1215 2 . . NNP 12162 1215 3 , , , 12162 1215 4 Parte Parte NNP 12162 1215 5 II II NNP 12162 1215 6 . . NNP 12162 1215 7 , , , 12162 1215 8 p. p. NN 12162 1215 9 184 184 CD 12162 1215 10 . . . 12162 1216 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1216 2 85 85 CD 12162 1216 3 : : : 12162 1216 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1216 5 Codex Codex NNP 12162 1216 6 Carolinus--_Adriani Carolinus--_Adriani NNS 12162 1216 7 I -PRON- PRP 12162 1216 8 _ _ NNP 12162 1216 9 . . NNP 12162 1216 10 , , , 12162 1216 11 Epist Epist NNP 12162 1216 12 . . . 12162 1217 1 Nos nos UH 12162 1217 2 . . . 12162 1218 1 LV LV NNP 12162 1218 2 . . NNP 12162 1218 3 , , , 12162 1218 4 LXXIX LXXIX NNP 12162 1218 5 . . . 12162 1218 6 , , , 12162 1218 7 LXXII LXXII NNP 12162 1218 8 . . . 12162 1218 9 , , , 12162 1218 10 L. L. NNP 12162 1218 11 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1218 12 86 86 CD 12162 1218 13 : : : 12162 1218 14 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1218 15 _ _ NNP 12162 1218 16 Ermoldi Ermoldi NNP 12162 1218 17 Nigelli Nigelli NNP 12162 1218 18 _ _ NNP 12162 1218 19 : : : 12162 1218 20 Poema Poema NNP 12162 1218 21 . . . 12162 1219 1 V. V. NNP 12162 1219 2 _ _ NNP 12162 1219 3 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 1219 4 _ _ NNP 12162 1219 5 : : : 12162 1219 6 Script Script NNP 12162 1219 7 . . . 12162 1220 1 Rer Rer NNP 12162 1220 2 . . . 12162 1221 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 1221 2 . . NNP 12162 1221 3 , , , 12162 1221 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 1221 5 . . . 12162 1222 1 II II NNP 12162 1222 2 . . NNP 12162 1222 3 , , , 12162 1222 4 Pars Pars NNP 12162 1222 5 II II NNP 12162 1222 6 . . . 12162 1223 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1223 2 87 87 CD 12162 1223 3 : : : 12162 1223 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1223 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1223 6 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 1223 7 _ _ NNP 12162 1223 8 : : : 12162 1223 9 Ant Ant NNP 12162 1223 10 . . . 12162 1224 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 1224 2 . . . 12162 1225 1 Diss Diss NNP 12162 1225 2 , , , 12162 1225 3 LXX LXX NNP 12162 1225 4 . . . 12162 1225 5 , , , 12162 1225 6 Vol Vol NNP 12162 1225 7 . . . 12162 1226 1 III III NNP 12162 1226 2 . . NNP 12162 1226 3 , , , 12162 1226 4 Parte Parte NNP 12162 1226 5 II II NNP 12162 1226 6 . . NNP 12162 1226 7 , , , 12162 1226 8 p. p. NN 12162 1226 9 188 188 CD 12162 1226 10 . . . 12162 1227 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1227 2 88 88 CD 12162 1227 3 : : : 12162 1227 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1227 5 _ _ NNP 12162 1227 6 Pertz Pertz NNP 12162 1227 7 _ _ NNP 12162 1227 8 : : : 12162 1227 9 Monum Monum NNP 12162 1227 10 . . . 12162 1228 1 German German NNP 12162 1228 2 . . . 12162 1228 3 , , , 12162 1228 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 1228 5 . . . 12162 1229 1 IV IV NNP 12162 1229 2 . . NNP 12162 1229 3 , , , 12162 1229 4 p. p. NN 12162 1229 5 176 176 CD 12162 1229 6 . . . 12162 1230 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1230 2 89 89 CD 12162 1230 3 : : : 12162 1230 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1230 5 It -PRON- PRP 12162 1230 6 is be VBZ 12162 1230 7 true true JJ 12162 1230 8 that that IN 12162 1230 9 _ _ NNP 12162 1230 10 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 1230 11 _ _ NNP 12162 1230 12 ( ( -LRB- 12162 1230 13 Script Script NNP 12162 1230 14 . . . 12162 1231 1 Rer Rer NNP 12162 1231 2 . . . 12162 1232 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 1232 2 . . NNP 12162 1232 3 , , , 12162 1232 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 1232 5 . . . 12162 1233 1 I. I. NNP 12162 1233 2 , , , 12162 1233 3 Pars Pars NNP 12162 1233 4 II II NNP 12162 1233 5 . . NNP 12162 1233 6 , , , 12162 1233 7 p. p. NN 12162 1233 8 192 192 CD 12162 1233 9 ) ) -RRB- 12162 1233 10 publishes publish VBZ 12162 1233 11 a a DT 12162 1233 12 diploma diploma NN 12162 1233 13 to to IN 12162 1233 14 the the DT 12162 1233 15 monastery monastery NN 12162 1233 16 of of IN 12162 1233 17 Novantulanum Novantulanum NNP 12162 1233 18 , , , 12162 1233 19 near near IN 12162 1233 20 Modena Modena NNP 12162 1233 21 , , , 12162 1233 22 purporting purport VBG 12162 1233 23 to to TO 12162 1233 24 be be VB 12162 1233 25 by by IN 12162 1233 26 Aistulf Aistulf NNP 12162 1233 27 and and CC 12162 1233 28 of of IN 12162 1233 29 the the DT 12162 1233 30 year year NN 12162 1233 31 753 753 CD 12162 1233 32 ; ; : 12162 1233 33 and and CC 12162 1233 34 ( ( -LRB- 12162 1233 35 in in IN 12162 1233 36 Ant Ant NNP 12162 1233 37 . . . 12162 1234 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 1234 2 . . . 12162 1235 1 Diss Diss NNP 12162 1235 2 . . . 12162 1236 1 LXXI LXXI NNP 12162 1236 2 . . NNP 12162 1236 3 , , , 12162 1236 4 Vol Vol NNP 12162 1236 5 . . . 12162 1237 1 III III NNP 12162 1237 2 . . NNP 12162 1237 3 , , , 12162 1237 4 P. P. NNP 12162 1238 1 II II NNP 12162 1238 2 . . NNP 12162 1238 3 , , , 12162 1238 4 p. p. NN 12162 1238 5 256 256 CD 12162 1238 6 ) ) -RRB- 12162 1238 7 another another DT 12162 1238 8 by by IN 12162 1238 9 Desiderius Desiderius NNP 12162 1238 10 to to IN 12162 1238 11 the the DT 12162 1238 12 monastery monastery NN 12162 1238 13 of of IN 12162 1238 14 Santa Santa NNP 12162 1238 15 Giulia Giulia NNP 12162 1238 16 di di FW 12162 1238 17 Brescia Brescia NNP 12162 1238 18 , , , 12162 1238 19 which which WDT 12162 1238 20 seems seem VBZ 12162 1238 21 to to TO 12162 1238 22 grant grant VB 12162 1238 23 exemption exemption NN 12162 1238 24 and and CC 12162 1238 25 protection protection NN 12162 1238 26 if if IN 12162 1238 27 not not RB 12162 1238 28 privilege privilege NN 12162 1238 29 . . . 12162 1239 1 But but CC 12162 1239 2 in in IN 12162 1239 3 the the DT 12162 1239 4 first first JJ 12162 1239 5 the the DT 12162 1239 6 formula formula NN 12162 1239 7 employed employ VBN 12162 1239 8 is be VBZ 12162 1239 9 so so RB 12162 1239 10 exactly exactly RB 12162 1239 11 similar similar JJ 12162 1239 12 to to IN 12162 1239 13 that that DT 12162 1239 14 of of IN 12162 1239 15 the the DT 12162 1239 16 later later JJ 12162 1239 17 Frankish frankish JJ 12162 1239 18 documents document NNS 12162 1239 19 issued issue VBN 12162 1239 20 for for IN 12162 1239 21 the the DT 12162 1239 22 same same JJ 12162 1239 23 purpose purpose NN 12162 1239 24 , , , 12162 1239 25 as as RB 12162 1239 26 immediately immediately RB 12162 1239 27 to to TO 12162 1239 28 excite excite VB 12162 1239 29 suspicion suspicion NN 12162 1239 30 ; ; : 12162 1239 31 and and CC 12162 1239 32 in in IN 12162 1239 33 the the DT 12162 1239 34 second second NN 12162 1239 35 , , , 12162 1239 36 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 1239 37 himself -PRON- PRP 12162 1239 38 finds find VBZ 12162 1239 39 something something NN 12162 1239 40 radically radically RB 12162 1239 41 wrong wrong JJ 12162 1239 42 with with IN 12162 1239 43 the the DT 12162 1239 44 chronology chronology NN 12162 1239 45 . . . 12162 1240 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1240 2 90 90 CD 12162 1240 3 : : : 12162 1240 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1240 5 An an DT 12162 1240 6 even even RB 12162 1240 7 better well JJR 12162 1240 8 example example NN 12162 1240 9 can can MD 12162 1240 10 be be VB 12162 1240 11 found find VBN 12162 1240 12 among among IN 12162 1240 13 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 12162 1240 14 's 's POS 12162 1240 15 diplomas diploma NNS 12162 1240 16 , , , 12162 1240 17 by by IN 12162 1240 18 referring refer VBG 12162 1240 19 to to IN 12162 1240 20 one one CD 12162 1240 21 granted grant VBN 12162 1240 22 by by IN 12162 1240 23 him -PRON- PRP 12162 1240 24 to to IN 12162 1240 25 the the DT 12162 1240 26 church church NN 12162 1240 27 of of IN 12162 1240 28 Reggio Reggio NNP 12162 1240 29 , , , 12162 1240 30 and and CC 12162 1240 31 published publish VBN 12162 1240 32 by by IN 12162 1240 33 _ _ NNP 12162 1240 34 Ughelli Ughelli NNP 12162 1240 35 _ _ NNP 12162 1240 36 : : : 12162 1240 37 Italia Italia NNP 12162 1240 38 Sacra Sacra NNP 12162 1240 39 , , , 12162 1240 40 Tom Tom NNP 12162 1240 41 . . . 12162 1241 1 V. V. NNP 12162 1241 2 , , , 12162 1241 3 Appendice Appendice NNP 12162 1241 4 . . . 12162 1242 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1242 2 91 91 CD 12162 1242 3 : : : 12162 1242 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1242 5 See see VB 12162 1242 6 a a DT 12162 1242 7 charter charter NN 12162 1242 8 given give VBN 12162 1242 9 by by IN 12162 1242 10 Lothaire Lothaire NNP 12162 1242 11 to to IN 12162 1242 12 Pietro Pietro NNP 12162 1242 13 , , , 12162 1242 14 bishop bishop NN 12162 1242 15 of of IN 12162 1242 16 Arezzo Arezzo NNP 12162 1242 17 in in IN 12162 1242 18 843 843 CD 12162 1242 19 , , , 12162 1242 20 the the DT 12162 1242 21 year year NN 12162 1242 22 of of IN 12162 1242 23 the the DT 12162 1242 24 Treaty Treaty NNP 12162 1242 25 of of IN 12162 1242 26 Verdun Verdun NNP 12162 1242 27 , , , 12162 1242 28 v. v. CC 12162 1242 29 _ _ NNP 12162 1242 30 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 1242 31 _ _ NNP 12162 1242 32 : : : 12162 1242 33 Ant Ant NNP 12162 1242 34 . . . 12162 1243 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 1243 2 . . . 12162 1244 1 Diss Diss NNP 12162 1244 2 . . . 12162 1245 1 LXX LXX NNP 12162 1245 2 . . . 12162 1245 3 , , , 12162 1245 4 Vol Vol NNP 12162 1245 5 . . . 12162 1246 1 III III NNP 12162 1246 2 . . NNP 12162 1246 3 , , , 12162 1246 4 Parte Parte NNP 12162 1246 5 II II NNP 12162 1246 6 . . NNP 12162 1246 7 , , , 12162 1246 8 p. p. NN 12162 1246 9 196 196 CD 12162 1246 10 . . . 12162 1247 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1247 2 92 92 CD 12162 1247 3 : : : 12162 1247 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1247 5 See see VB 12162 1247 6 a a DT 12162 1247 7 law law NN 12162 1247 8 of of IN 12162 1247 9 Lewis Lewis NNP 12162 1247 10 II II NNP 12162 1247 11 . . . 12162 1248 1 of of IN 12162 1248 2 855 855 CD 12162 1248 3 , , , 12162 1248 4 made make VBN 12162 1248 5 in in IN 12162 1248 6 the the DT 12162 1248 7 Diet Diet NNP 12162 1248 8 of of IN 12162 1248 9 Pavia Pavia NNP 12162 1248 10 . . . 12162 1249 1 v. v. NNP 12162 1249 2 _ _ NNP 12162 1249 3 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 1249 4 _ _ NNP 12162 1249 5 : : : 12162 1249 6 Script Script NNP 12162 1249 7 . . . 12162 1250 1 Rer Rer NNP 12162 1250 2 . . . 12162 1251 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 1251 2 . . NNP 12162 1251 3 , , , 12162 1251 4 Tom Tom NNP 12162 1251 5 I. I. NNP 12162 1251 6 , , , 12162 1251 7 P. P. NNP 12162 1251 8 II II NNP 12162 1251 9 . . . 12162 1252 1 ( ( -LRB- 12162 1252 2 added add VBN 12162 1252 3 to to IN 12162 1252 4 Leg Leg NNP 12162 1252 5 . . . 12162 1253 1 Lomb Lomb NNP 12162 1253 2 . . . 12162 1253 3 ) ) -RRB- 12162 1253 4 . . . 12162 1254 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1254 2 93 93 CD 12162 1254 3 : : : 12162 1254 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1254 5 Certain certain JJ 12162 1254 6 " " '' 12162 1254 7 dona dona NN 12162 1254 8 , , , 12162 1254 9 " " '' 12162 1254 10 however however RB 12162 1254 11 , , , 12162 1254 12 supposed suppose VBN 12162 1254 13 to to TO 12162 1254 14 be be VB 12162 1254 15 voluntary voluntary JJ 12162 1254 16 , , , 12162 1254 17 were be VBD 12162 1254 18 always always RB 12162 1254 19 excepted except VBN 12162 1254 20 . . . 12162 1255 1 See see VB 12162 1255 2 a a DT 12162 1255 3 diploma diploma NN 12162 1255 4 of of IN 12162 1255 5 Louis Louis NNP 12162 1255 6 of of IN 12162 1255 7 the the DT 12162 1255 8 year year NN 12162 1255 9 854 854 CD 12162 1255 10 to to IN 12162 1255 11 the the DT 12162 1255 12 monastery monastery NN 12162 1255 13 of of IN 12162 1255 14 St. St. NNP 12162 1255 15 Gall Gall NNP 12162 1255 16 in in IN 12162 1255 17 Germany Germany NNP 12162 1255 18 , , , 12162 1255 19 where where WRB 12162 1255 20 it -PRON- PRP 12162 1255 21 describes describe VBZ 12162 1255 22 the the DT 12162 1255 23 usual usual JJ 12162 1255 24 " " `` 12162 1255 25 dona dona NN 12162 1255 26 " " '' 12162 1255 27 for for IN 12162 1255 28 _ _ NNP 12162 1255 29 all all DT 12162 1255 30 _ _ NNP 12162 1255 31 monasteries monastery NNS 12162 1255 32 as as IN 12162 1255 33 " " `` 12162 1255 34 Caballi Caballi NNP 12162 1255 35 duo duo NN 12162 1255 36 cum cum NNP 12162 1255 37 scuteis scuteis NNP 12162 1255 38 et et NNP 12162 1255 39 lanceis lanceis NNP 12162 1255 40 . . . 12162 1255 41 " " '' 12162 1256 1 v. v. NNP 12162 1256 2 _ _ NNP 12162 1256 3 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 1256 4 _ _ NNP 12162 1256 5 : : : 12162 1256 6 Ant Ant NNP 12162 1256 7 . . . 12162 1257 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 1257 2 . . . 12162 1258 1 Diss Diss NNP 12162 1258 2 . . . 12162 1259 1 LXX LXX NNP 12162 1259 2 . . . 12162 1259 3 , , , 12162 1259 4 Vol Vol NNP 12162 1259 5 . . . 12162 1260 1 II II NNP 12162 1260 2 . . NNP 12162 1260 3 , , , 12162 1260 4 Part Part NNP 12162 1260 5 II II NNP 12162 1260 6 . . NNP 12162 1260 7 , , , 12162 1260 8 p. p. NN 12162 1260 9 204 204 CD 12162 1260 10 . . . 12162 1261 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1261 2 94 94 CD 12162 1261 3 : : : 12162 1261 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1261 5 See see VB 12162 1261 6 a a DT 12162 1261 7 _ _ NNP 12162 1261 8 privilegium privilegium NN 12162 1261 9 _ _ NNP 12162 1261 10 given give VBN 12162 1261 11 by by IN 12162 1261 12 him -PRON- PRP 12162 1261 13 in in IN 12162 1261 14 the the DT 12162 1261 15 year year NN 12162 1261 16 877 877 CD 12162 1261 17 to to IN 12162 1261 18 the the DT 12162 1261 19 nuns nun NNS 12162 1261 20 of of IN 12162 1261 21 the the DT 12162 1261 22 Posterla Posterla NNP 12162 1261 23 , , , 12162 1261 24 Sta Sta NNP 12162 1261 25 . . . 12162 1262 1 Teodata Teodata NNP 12162 1262 2 at at IN 12162 1262 3 Pavia Pavia NNP 12162 1262 4 . . . 12162 1263 1 v. v. CC 12162 1263 2 _ _ NNP 12162 1263 3 Ughelli Ughelli NNP 12162 1263 4 _ _ NNP 12162 1263 5 : : : 12162 1263 6 Italia Italia NNP 12162 1263 7 Sacra Sacra NNP 12162 1263 8 , , , 12162 1263 9 Tom Tom NNP 12162 1263 10 . . . 12162 1264 1 V. V. NNP 12162 1264 2 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1264 3 95 95 CD 12162 1264 4 : : : 12162 1264 5 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1264 6 _ _ NNP 12162 1264 7 Muratori Muratori NNP 12162 1264 8 _ _ NNP 12162 1264 9 : : : 12162 1264 10 Ant Ant NNP 12162 1264 11 . . . 12162 1265 1 Ital Ital NNP 12162 1265 2 . . . 12162 1266 1 Diss Diss NNP 12162 1266 2 . . . 12162 1267 1 LXX LXX NNP 12162 1267 2 . . . 12162 1267 3 , , , 12162 1267 4 Vol Vol NNP 12162 1267 5 . . . 12162 1268 1 III III NNP 12162 1268 2 . . NNP 12162 1268 3 , , , 12162 1268 4 Parte Parte NNP 12162 1268 5 II II NNP 12162 1268 6 . . NNP 12162 1268 7 , , , 12162 1268 8 pp pp NNP 12162 1268 9 . . . 12162 1269 1 196 196 CD 12162 1269 2 , , , 12162 1269 3 197 197 CD 12162 1269 4 . . . 12162 1270 1 [ [ -LRB- 12162 1270 2 96 96 CD 12162 1270 3 : : : 12162 1270 4 ] ] -RRB- 12162 1270 5 Probably probably RB 12162 1270 6 the the DT 12162 1270 7 earliest early JJS 12162 1270 8 of of IN 12162 1270 9 such such JJ 12162 1270 10 privileges privilege NNS 12162 1270 11 was be VBD 12162 1270 12 one one CD 12162 1270 13 granted grant VBN 12162 1270 14 to to IN 12162 1270 15 the the DT 12162 1270 16 bishop bishop NN 12162 1270 17 of of IN 12162 1270 18 Modena Modena NNP 12162 1270 19 by by IN 12162 1270 20 Guido Guido NNP 12162 1270 21 in in IN 12162 1270 22 the the DT 12162 1270 23 year year NN 12162 1270 24 892 892 CD 12162 1270 25 , , , 12162 1270 26 and and CC 12162 1270 27 published publish VBN 12162 1270 28 by by IN 12162 1270 29 _ _ NNP 12162 1270 30 Ughelli Ughelli NNP 12162 1270 31 _ _ NNP 12162 1270 32 : : : 12162 1270 33 Italia Italia NNP 12162 1270 34 Sacra Sacra NNP 12162 1270 35 , , , 12162 1270 36 Tom Tom NNP 12162 1270 37 . . . 12162 1271 1 II II NNP 12162 1271 2 . . NNP 12162 1271 3 , , , 12162 1271 4 p. p. NN 12162 1271 5 98 98 CD 12162 1271 6 . . .