classification-DS-gutenberg

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-28 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader gutenberg process, and the input was the result of a query applied to a local mirror of Project Gutenberg -- classification:"DS". Then, for future reference, the results were saved to a Zip file complete with rudimentary bibliographics. The name of the file is input-file.zip. The Zip file was then unpacked and the contents saved to a cache as well as a directory of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 457 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 37,257,908 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 86,646 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 71. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

one, two, great, time, will, made, may, many, men, people, first, now, us, day, also, much, little, well, three, man, place, country, government, even, long, like, must, without, every, years, found, good, way, chinese, de, see, came, general, order, among, called, part, city, another, large, king, make, old, life, might

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are Antiquities of the Jews, A History of the Japanese People From the Earliest Times to the End of the Meiji Era, and Rambles and Recollections of an Indian Official.

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

one hundred, united states, years ago, two hundred, father fray, next day, per cent, five hundred, one day, three hundred, many years, every one, took place, juan de, one thousand, de la, two years, one another, three days, feet high, let us, next morning, three years, first time, one side, six hundred, long time, short time, greater part, old man, every day, british government, great deal, two days, well known, four hundred, hundred years, two thousand, five years, good deal, royal audiencia, philippine islands, years old, either side, present day, don juan, young man, ten years, pedro de, new york

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are The American Occupation of the Philippines 1898-1912 The Philippines: Past and Present (Volume 1 of 2), and The Story of the Philippines Natural Riches, Industrial Resources, Statistics of Productions, Commerce and Population; The Laws, Habits, Customs, Scenery and Conditions of the Cuba of the East Indies and the Thousand Islands of the Archipelagoes of India and Hawaii, With Episodes of Their Early History; The Eldorado of the Orient; Personal Character Sketches of and Interviews with Admiral Dewey, General Merritt, General Aguinaldo and the Archbishop of Manila; History and Romance, Tragedies and Traditions of our Pacific Possessions; Events of the War in the West with Spain, and the Conquest of Cuba and Porto Rico.

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

chinese, mr., india, god, government, china, english, manila, man, european, british, illustration, general, great, england, east, chapter, day, indians, king, spaniards, majesty, lord, spanish, don, time, japanese, japan, sir, captain, philippines, governor, st., san, juan, españa, nueva, emperor, american, islands, europe, colonel, spain, khan, bengal, little, jews, egypt, christian, new

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be great, and The Philippine Islands, 1493-1898 — Volume 22 of 55 1625-29 Explorations by early navigators, descriptions of the islands and their peoples, their history and records of the Catholic missions, as related in contemporaneous books and manuscripts, showing the political, economic, commercial and religious conditions of those islands from their earliest relations with European nations to the close of the nineteenth century. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

1. day - The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India, Volume 2
2. government - Prolegomena to the History of Israel
3. islands - History of the Philippine Islands

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

1. day, little, man - Castes and Tribes of Southern India. Vol. 3 of 7
2. great, feet, time - Himalayan Journals — Volume 2 Or, Notes of a Naturalist in Bengal, the Sikkim and Nepal Himalayas, the Khasia Mountains, etc.
3. chinese, government, china - A History of China
4. islands, said, manila - The Philippine Islands, 1493-1898 — Volume 28 of 55 1637-38 Explorations by Early Navigators, Descriptions of the Islands and Their Peoples, Their History and Records of the Catholic Missions, as Related in Contemporaneous Books and Manuscripts, Showing the Political, Economic, Commercial and Religious Conditions of Those Islands from Their Earliest Relations with European Nations to the Close of the Nineteenth Century
5. jews, king, great - Antiquities of the Jews

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

time, men, people, day, man, country, place, years, way, part, order, city, life, water, year, name, days, feet, house, side, one, work, king, number, village, government, river, others, night, land, head, women, death, father, islands, nothing, war, hand, son, miles, world, power, end, ground, fact, children, town, account, case, family

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, was, be, had, are, were, have, been, has, made, being, said, do, did, found, came, called, see, having, make, come, take, sent, given, go, taken, went, took, left, brought, seen, give, say, put, known, used, gave, done, know, received, carried, set, saw, find, became, told, does, get, passed, am

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

_, india, china, de, god, manila, mr., government, majesty, jews, general, chinese, japan, lord, |, ii, �, king, sir, indians, east, don, i., english, spaniards, captain, england, philippines, governor, khan, el, japanese, la, fray, st., a.d., egypt, emperor, san, ., islands, west, pp, c., europe, christians, spain, juan, chapter, colonel

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

it, his, he, they, i, their, we, them, him, our, its, my, her, me, you, us, she, your, himself, themselves, itself, one, myself, ourselves, herself, thy, thee, ours, yourself, theirs, mine, yours, thyself, ya, oneself, hers, ay, ye, s, yourselves, ''s, ii, ''em, ng, u, nke, em, iv, xi, ib

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

other, great, many, same, little, such, first, own, more, good, few, large, small, old, long, new, much, last, several, chinese, high, whole, religious, present, certain, general, native, necessary, royal, most, young, full, latter, white, different, various, japanese, able, second, possible, next, only, common, poor, jewish, short, british, best, true, military

not, so, very, up, only, then, now, also, out, more, as, most, even, well, here, there, down, still, however, never, about, much, far, again, away, thus, off, once, too, always, soon, on, almost, just, back, ever, therefore, all, often, first, already, in, long, together, quite, over, yet, rather, perhaps, probably

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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