mv: ‘./input-file.zip’ and ‘./input-file.zip’ are the same file Creating study carrel named classification-QA-gutenberg Initializing database Unzipping Archive: input-file.zip creating: ./tmp/input/input-file/ inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/16449.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/20214.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/19600.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/16713.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/27468.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/22599.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/26752.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/69.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/302.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/254.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/812.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/744.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/729.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/929.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/63.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/97.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/201.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/212.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/634.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/633.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/682.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/2586.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/2585.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/2583.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/2584.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/5768.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/35550.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/37681.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/39300.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/34268.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/38536.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/45691.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/58225.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/29042.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/metadata.csv caution: excluded filename not matched: *MACOSX* === DIRECTORIES: ./tmp/input === DIRECTORY: ./tmp/input/input-file === metadata file: ./tmp/input/input-file/metadata.csv === found metadata file === updating bibliographic database Building study carrel named classification-QA-gutenberg FILE: cache/20214.txt OUTPUT: txt/20214.txt FILE: cache/26752.txt OUTPUT: txt/26752.txt FILE: cache/16449.txt OUTPUT: txt/16449.txt FILE: cache/19600.txt OUTPUT: txt/19600.txt FILE: cache/201.txt OUTPUT: txt/201.txt FILE: cache/27468.txt OUTPUT: txt/27468.txt FILE: cache/212.txt OUTPUT: txt/212.txt FILE: cache/38536.txt OUTPUT: txt/38536.txt FILE: cache/2583.txt OUTPUT: txt/2583.txt FILE: cache/97.txt OUTPUT: txt/97.txt FILE: cache/929.txt OUTPUT: txt/929.txt FILE: cache/2585.txt OUTPUT: txt/2585.txt FILE: cache/633.txt OUTPUT: txt/633.txt FILE: cache/16713.txt OUTPUT: txt/16713.txt FILE: cache/58225.txt OUTPUT: txt/58225.txt FILE: cache/39300.txt OUTPUT: txt/39300.txt FILE: cache/2586.txt OUTPUT: txt/2586.txt FILE: cache/63.txt OUTPUT: txt/63.txt FILE: cache/729.txt OUTPUT: txt/729.txt FILE: cache/45691.txt OUTPUT: txt/45691.txt FILE: cache/254.txt OUTPUT: txt/254.txt FILE: cache/34268.txt OUTPUT: txt/34268.txt FILE: cache/682.txt OUTPUT: txt/682.txt FILE: cache/2584.txt OUTPUT: txt/2584.txt FILE: cache/35550.txt OUTPUT: txt/35550.txt FILE: cache/302.txt OUTPUT: txt/302.txt FILE: cache/22599.txt OUTPUT: txt/22599.txt FILE: cache/5768.txt OUTPUT: txt/5768.txt FILE: cache/37681.txt OUTPUT: txt/37681.txt FILE: cache/69.txt OUTPUT: txt/69.txt FILE: cache/812.txt OUTPUT: txt/812.txt FILE: cache/29042.txt OUTPUT: txt/29042.txt FILE: cache/744.txt OUTPUT: txt/744.txt FILE: cache/634.txt OUTPUT: txt/634.txt 26752 txt/../wrd/26752.wrd 26752 txt/../pos/26752.pos 26752 txt/../ent/26752.ent 2585 txt/../pos/2585.pos 2585 txt/../ent/2585.ent 212 txt/../wrd/212.wrd Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-classic/bin/txt2keywords.py", line 54, in for keyword, score in ( yake( doc, ngrams=NGRAMS, topn=TOPN ) ) : File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/textacy/ke/yake.py", line 96, in yake word_scores = _compute_word_scores(doc, word_occ_vals, word_freqs, stop_words) File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/textacy/ke/yake.py", line 205, in _compute_word_scores freq_baseline = statistics.mean(freqs_nsw) + statistics.stdev(freqs_nsw) File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/statistics.py", line 315, in mean raise StatisticsError('mean requires at least one data point') statistics.StatisticsError: mean requires at least one data point 212 txt/../pos/212.pos 212 txt/../ent/212.ent 2585 txt/../wrd/2585.wrd Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-classic/bin/txt2keywords.py", line 54, in for keyword, score in ( yake( doc, ngrams=NGRAMS, topn=TOPN ) ) : File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/textacy/ke/yake.py", line 96, in yake word_scores = _compute_word_scores(doc, word_occ_vals, word_freqs, stop_words) File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/textacy/ke/yake.py", line 205, in _compute_word_scores freq_baseline = statistics.mean(freqs_nsw) + statistics.stdev(freqs_nsw) File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/statistics.py", line 315, in mean raise StatisticsError('mean requires at least one data point') statistics.StatisticsError: mean requires at least one data point 27468 txt/../pos/27468.pos 27468 txt/../wrd/27468.wrd 27468 txt/../ent/27468.ent === file2bib.sh === id: 26752 author: Ramus, Petrus title: The Way To Geometry date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/26752.txt cache: ./cache/26752.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'26752.txt' 812 txt/../ent/812.ent Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-classic/bin/txt2ent.py", line 53, in sentence = nlp( sentence ) File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/spacy/language.py", line 438, in __call__ raise ValueError( ValueError: [E088] Text of length 1538750 exceeds maximum of 1000000. The v2.x parser and NER models require roughly 1GB of temporary memory per 100,000 characters in the input. This means long texts may cause memory allocation errors. If you're not using the parser or NER, it's probably safe to increase the `nlp.max_length` limit. The limit is in number of characters, so you can check whether your inputs are too long by checking `len(text)`. === file2bib.sh === id: 27468 author: Anonymous title: IBM 1401 Programming Systems date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/27468.txt cache: ./cache/27468.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'27468.txt' 20214 txt/../wrd/20214.wrd 20214 txt/../pos/20214.pos 633 txt/../ent/633.ent 2586 txt/../wrd/2586.wrd Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-classic/bin/txt2keywords.py", line 54, in for keyword, score in ( yake( doc, ngrams=NGRAMS, topn=TOPN ) ) : File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/textacy/ke/yake.py", line 96, in yake word_scores = _compute_word_scores(doc, word_occ_vals, word_freqs, stop_words) File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/textacy/ke/yake.py", line 205, in _compute_word_scores freq_baseline = statistics.mean(freqs_nsw) + statistics.stdev(freqs_nsw) File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/statistics.py", line 315, in mean raise StatisticsError('mean requires at least one data point') statistics.StatisticsError: mean requires at least one data point 2586 txt/../pos/2586.pos 2586 txt/../ent/2586.ent 633 txt/../pos/633.pos 20214 txt/../ent/20214.ent 633 txt/../wrd/633.wrd === file2bib.sh === id: 20214 author: Stanley, W. title: Instruction for Using a Slide Rule date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/20214.txt cache: ./cache/20214.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'20214.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: 254 author: Unknown title: The Second Story of Meno A Continuation of Socrates' Dialogue with Meno in Which the Boy Proves Root 2 is Irrational date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/254.txt cache: ./cache/254.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'254.txt' 58225 txt/../ent/58225.ent 58225 txt/../pos/58225.pos 58225 txt/../wrd/58225.wrd 744 txt/../ent/744.ent Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-classic/bin/txt2ent.py", line 53, in sentence = nlp( sentence ) File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/spacy/language.py", line 438, in __call__ raise ValueError( ValueError: [E088] Text of length 1012545 exceeds maximum of 1000000. The v2.x parser and NER models require roughly 1GB of temporary memory per 100,000 characters in the input. This means long texts may cause memory allocation errors. If you're not using the parser or NER, it's probably safe to increase the `nlp.max_length` limit. The limit is in number of characters, so you can check whether your inputs are too long by checking `len(text)`. === file2bib.sh === id: 69 author: Slowinski, David title: The 32nd Mersenne Prime Predicted by Mersenne date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/69.txt cache: ./cache/69.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'69.txt' 929 txt/../pos/929.pos 929 txt/../wrd/929.wrd 929 txt/../ent/929.ent === file2bib.sh === id: 63 author: Unknown title: The Number "e" date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/63.txt cache: ./cache/63.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'63.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: 212 author: Unknown title: A List of Factorial Math Constants date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/212.txt cache: ./cache/212.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'212.txt' Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-classic/bin/file2bib.py", line 107, in text = textacy.preprocessing.normalize.normalize_quotation_marks( text ) File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/textacy/preprocessing/normalize.py", line 32, in normalize_quotation_marks return text.translate(QUOTE_TRANSLATION_TABLE) AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'translate' 254 txt/../ent/254.ent 254 txt/../wrd/254.wrd 63 txt/../ent/63.ent 254 txt/../pos/254.pos 38536 txt/../wrd/38536.wrd 2583 txt/../ent/2583.ent === file2bib.sh === id: 929 author: St. Jude title: The Real Cyberpunk Fakebook date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/929.txt cache: ./cache/929.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'929.txt' 38536 txt/../pos/38536.pos 634 txt/../ent/634.ent 812 txt/../pos/812.pos === file2bib.sh === id: 302 author: Husted, Michael title: The Fibonacci Number Series date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/302.txt cache: ./cache/302.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'302.txt' 634 txt/../pos/634.pos 744 txt/../pos/744.pos === file2bib.sh === id: 729 author: Levy, Steven title: Hackers, Heroes of the Computer Revolution. Chapters 1 and 2 date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/729.txt cache: ./cache/729.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'729.txt' 634 txt/../wrd/634.wrd 2583 txt/../pos/2583.pos 63 txt/../wrd/63.wrd 63 txt/../pos/63.pos 97 txt/../pos/97.pos === file2bib.sh === id: 2586 author: nan title: The First 498 Bernoulli Numbers date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/2586.txt cache: ./cache/2586.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 1 resourceName b'2586.txt' Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-classic/bin/file2bib.py", line 107, in text = textacy.preprocessing.normalize.normalize_quotation_marks( text ) File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/textacy/preprocessing/normalize.py", line 32, in normalize_quotation_marks return text.translate(QUOTE_TRANSLATION_TABLE) AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'translate' 201 txt/../pos/201.pos 97 txt/../wrd/97.wrd 97 txt/../ent/97.ent 744 txt/../wrd/744.wrd 201 txt/../wrd/201.wrd 2583 txt/../wrd/2583.wrd Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-classic/bin/txt2keywords.py", line 54, in for keyword, score in ( yake( doc, ngrams=NGRAMS, topn=TOPN ) ) : File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/textacy/ke/yake.py", line 96, in yake word_scores = _compute_word_scores(doc, word_occ_vals, word_freqs, stop_words) File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/textacy/ke/yake.py", line 205, in _compute_word_scores freq_baseline = statistics.mean(freqs_nsw) + statistics.stdev(freqs_nsw) File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/statistics.py", line 315, in mean raise StatisticsError('mean requires at least one data point') statistics.StatisticsError: mean requires at least one data point === file2bib.sh === id: 2585 author: nan title: The First 1001 Fibonacci Numbers date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/2585.txt cache: ./cache/2585.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 1 resourceName b'2585.txt' Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-classic/bin/file2bib.py", line 107, in text = textacy.preprocessing.normalize.normalize_quotation_marks( text ) File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/textacy/preprocessing/normalize.py", line 32, in normalize_quotation_marks return text.translate(QUOTE_TRANSLATION_TABLE) AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'translate' 812 txt/../wrd/812.wrd 2584 txt/../pos/2584.pos 201 txt/../ent/201.ent === file2bib.sh === id: 744 author: Nemiroff, Robert J. title: The Golden Mean date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/744.txt cache: ./cache/744.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 9 resourceName b'744.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: 2583 author: nan title: The Value of Zeta(3) to 1,000,000 places date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/2583.txt cache: ./cache/2583.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 1 resourceName b'2583.txt' Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-classic/bin/file2bib.py", line 107, in text = textacy.preprocessing.normalize.normalize_quotation_marks( text ) File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/textacy/preprocessing/normalize.py", line 32, in normalize_quotation_marks return text.translate(QUOTE_TRANSLATION_TABLE) AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'translate' 38536 txt/../ent/38536.ent 2584 txt/../wrd/2584.wrd Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-classic/bin/txt2keywords.py", line 54, in for keyword, score in ( yake( doc, ngrams=NGRAMS, topn=TOPN ) ) : File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/textacy/ke/yake.py", line 96, in yake word_scores = _compute_word_scores(doc, word_occ_vals, word_freqs, stop_words) File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/textacy/ke/yake.py", line 205, in _compute_word_scores freq_baseline = statistics.mean(freqs_nsw) + statistics.stdev(freqs_nsw) File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/statistics.py", line 315, in mean raise StatisticsError('mean requires at least one data point') statistics.StatisticsError: mean requires at least one data point === file2bib.sh === id: 634 author: nan title: Miscellaneous Mathematical Constants date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/634.txt cache: ./cache/634.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 6 resourceName b'634.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: 2584 author: nan title: The First 1000 Euler Numbers date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/2584.txt cache: ./cache/2584.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'2584.txt' Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-classic/bin/file2bib.py", line 107, in text = textacy.preprocessing.normalize.normalize_quotation_marks( text ) File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/textacy/preprocessing/normalize.py", line 32, in normalize_quotation_marks return text.translate(QUOTE_TRANSLATION_TABLE) AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'translate' === file2bib.sh === id: 682 author: Fee, Greg title: Catalan's Constant [Ramanujan's Formula] date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/682.txt cache: ./cache/682.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'682.txt' 2584 txt/../ent/2584.ent 682 txt/../pos/682.pos === file2bib.sh === id: 633 author: nan title: The Golden Mean or Ratio[(1+sqrt(5))/2] To 20,000 places date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/633.txt cache: ./cache/633.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'633.txt' 682 txt/../ent/682.ent 729 txt/../ent/729.ent 729 txt/../pos/729.pos 682 txt/../wrd/682.wrd 69 txt/../ent/69.ent 69 txt/../pos/69.pos 729 txt/../wrd/729.wrd === file2bib.sh === id: 812 author: nan title: Catalan's Constant to 1,500,000 Places date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/812.txt cache: ./cache/812.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 12 resourceName b'812.txt' 35550 txt/../pos/35550.pos 16449 txt/../wrd/16449.wrd 69 txt/../wrd/69.wrd 35550 txt/../wrd/35550.wrd 302 txt/../ent/302.ent 16449 txt/../pos/16449.pos 34268 txt/../pos/34268.pos 302 txt/../pos/302.pos 35550 txt/../ent/35550.ent 34268 txt/../wrd/34268.wrd === file2bib.sh === id: 35550 author: Heath, Thomas Little, Sir title: Archimedes date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/35550.txt cache: ./cache/35550.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'35550.txt' 34268 txt/../ent/34268.ent 302 txt/../wrd/302.wrd === file2bib.sh === id: 97 author: Abbott, Edwin Abbott title: Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/97.txt cache: ./cache/97.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'97.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: 201 author: Abbott, Edwin Abbott title: Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions (Illustrated) date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/201.txt cache: ./cache/201.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'201.txt' 39300 txt/../pos/39300.pos === file2bib.sh === id: 58225 author: nan title: Primes to One Trillion date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/58225.txt cache: ./cache/58225.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'58225.txt' 19600 txt/../pos/19600.pos === file2bib.sh === id: 38536 author: Rivenburg, Romeyn Henry title: A Review of Algebra date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/38536.txt cache: ./cache/38536.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'38536.txt' 19600 txt/../wrd/19600.wrd 22599 txt/../pos/22599.pos 29042 txt/../pos/29042.pos 29042 txt/../wrd/29042.wrd 22599 txt/../wrd/22599.wrd 16449 txt/../ent/16449.ent 5768 txt/../wrd/5768.wrd 39300 txt/../wrd/39300.wrd 22599 txt/../ent/22599.ent === file2bib.sh === id: 34268 author: Perry, John title: Spinning Tops The "Operatives' Lecture" of the British Association Meeting at Leeds, 6th September, 1890 date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/34268.txt cache: ./cache/34268.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'34268.txt' 5768 txt/../pos/5768.pos 45691 txt/../pos/45691.pos 29042 txt/../ent/29042.ent 5768 txt/../ent/5768.ent 19600 txt/../ent/19600.ent 39300 txt/../ent/39300.ent 45691 txt/../wrd/45691.wrd 45691 txt/../ent/45691.ent === file2bib.sh === id: 29042 author: Carroll, Lewis title: A Tangled Tale date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/29042.txt cache: ./cache/29042.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'29042.txt' 37681 txt/../pos/37681.pos === file2bib.sh === id: 22599 author: Smith, David Eugene title: The Hindu-Arabic Numerals date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/22599.txt cache: ./cache/22599.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 7 resourceName b'22599.txt' 37681 txt/../wrd/37681.wrd 37681 txt/../ent/37681.ent === file2bib.sh === id: 16449 author: Conant, Levi L. (Levi Leonard) title: The Number Concept: Its Origin and Development date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/16449.txt cache: ./cache/16449.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 6 resourceName b'16449.txt' 16713 txt/../pos/16713.pos 16713 txt/../wrd/16713.wrd 16713 txt/../ent/16713.ent === file2bib.sh === id: 39300 author: Thorndike, Edward L. (Edward Lee) title: The Psychology of Arithmetic date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/39300.txt cache: ./cache/39300.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 8 resourceName b'39300.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: 19600 author: Waters, W. G. (William George) title: Jerome Cardan: A Biographical Study date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/19600.txt cache: ./cache/19600.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 8 resourceName b'19600.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: 5768 author: Williams, Sam title: Free as in Freedom: Richard Stallman's Crusade for Free Software date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/5768.txt cache: ./cache/5768.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'5768.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: 37681 author: Smith, David Eugene title: The Teaching of Geometry date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/37681.txt cache: ./cache/37681.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 8 resourceName b'37681.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: 45691 author: Browne, Robert T. title: The Mystery of Space A Study of the Hyperspace Movement in the Light of the Evolution of New Psychic Faculties and an Inquiry into the Genesis and Essential Nature of Space date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/45691.txt cache: ./cache/45691.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 8 resourceName b'45691.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: 16713 author: Dudeney, Henry Ernest title: Amusements in Mathematics date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/16713.txt cache: ./cache/16713.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 12 resourceName b'16713.txt' Done mapping. Reducing classification-QA-gutenberg === reduce.pl bib === id = 22599 author = Smith, David Eugene title = The Hindu-Arabic Numerals date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 52183 sentences = 4613 flesch = 77 summary = not use the letters of their alphabet for numerical notation, as the Arabs century on fully recognized the Hindu origin of the new numerals. searching for the early history of the Hindu-Arabic numerals, and the fact in certain of the early forms of Hindu numerals.[116] certain of the early numeral forms used in India. Before speaking of the perfected Hindu numerals with the zero and the place Many early writers remarked upon the diversity of Indian numeral forms. For purposes of comparison the modern Sanskrit and Arabic numeral forms are century knew these numerals as Indian forms, for a commentary on the FORMS OF THE NUMERALS, LARGELY FROM WORKS ON THE ABACUS[351] fourteenth century, followed the Arabic usage in calling his work _Indian the Hindu-Arabic numerals until the sixteenth century.[469] the Roman numerals, while Köbel's calendar of 1518 gives the Arabic forms extended use of this work that the {135} term _Arabic numerals_ became cache = ./cache/22599.txt txt = ./txt/22599.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 20214 author = Stanley, W. title = Instruction for Using a Slide Rule date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5198 sentences = 568 flesch = 91 summary = place the decimal point in the slide rule result so that its value is working example 2 would be to set the left-hand index of the C scale decimal point in the slide rule result so that it is nearest to the directly on the slide rule by use of the CI scale. To extract a square root, we set the indicator over the number on the A the left of the decimal point, use the left-hand half of the A scale. decimal point, so we must set the indicator over 37 on the right-hand To find the cube of any number on the slide rule set the indicator over could set a given number, on the K scale there are three places where a of the decimal point use the right-hand third of the K scale. If the indicator is set over a given number on the K scale, the cache = ./cache/20214.txt txt = ./txt/20214.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 812 author = nan title = Catalan's Constant to 1,500,000 Places date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 19394 sentences = 18784 flesch = 120 summary = See also: Catalan's Constant [Ramanujan's] PG#682 The algorithm used is the one presented by Greg Fee on ISSAC '90 (using only integer arithmetic in the main loop). Again, I have verified the previous 1000100-digit value using LiDIA and text comparison. Best Thomas Papanikolaou Catalan constant to 1500000 digits computed on October 26, 1996 by using a Sun Sparc20 in 7 day 7 hour 14 min 52 sec 71 hsec The algorithm used is the standard series for Catalan, accelerated by an Euler transform as shown by Greg Fee, ACM 1990, Proceedings of the ISAAC conference, 1990, p. The algorithm was implemented using the LiDIA library for computational number theory and it will be part of the multiprecision floating-point arithmetic of the package in release 1.4. LiDIA is available from ftp://crypt1.cs.uni-sb.de/pub/systems/LiDIA/LiDIA-1.2.1.tgz http://www-jb.cs.uni-sb.de/LiDIA/linkhtml/lidia/lidia.html Calculating Catalan's constant to 1500000 decimals Time required: 7 day 7 hour 14 min 52 sec 71 hsec Catalan = cache = ./cache/812.txt txt = ./txt/812.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 16713 author = Dudeney, Henry Ernest title = Amusements in Mathematics date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 172097 sentences = 14183 flesch = 89 summary = Here are the nine digits so arranged that they form four square numbers: The puzzle is to place a different number in each of the ten squares so infinite number of different ways of making the cuts to solve the puzzle puzzle--to cut a square into pieces to form a Greek cross. four pieces in an infinite number of different ways to make a square. Cut a Greek cross into five pieces that will form two separate squares, Cut a Greek cross into five pieces that will form two separate squares, different ways the puzzle may be solved, assuming that in every case the Place some numbered counters on a sheet of paper divided into squares puzzle is to arrange them in the form of a cross, exactly in the way place themselves that their numbers should form a magic square. ways 63 may be the difference between two square numbers. cache = ./cache/16713.txt txt = ./txt/16713.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 69 author = Slowinski, David title = The 32nd Mersenne Prime Predicted by Mersenne date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4633 sentences = 4395 flesch = 120 summary = The 32nd Mersenne Prime David Slowinski In honor of Andrew Wiles' proof of the theorem known as "Fermat's Last Theorem" stated 350 years ago--but unproven until this week (February, 1993). [Fermat's thoughts on primes did not fare so A prime number is an integer, which is evenly integer divisible only by itself and 1] Took 26.562767 minutes to calculate using Maple 4.0 on a 512-MW 4 CPU Cray 2 cache = ./cache/69.txt txt = ./txt/69.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 16449 author = Conant, Levi L. (Levi Leonard) title = The Number Concept: Its Origin and Development date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 56599 sentences = 9461 flesch = 88 summary = methods of counting and of giving visible expression to the idea of number. method of counting,--or, in other words, of grasping the idea of number. of the negro tribes of South Africa[15] the little finger of the right hand little finger of the left hand, the natives counted up to 5 in the usual count on the same fingers, they expressed the numbers from 6 to 10 by number of native words in its numeral scale as English; and the same may be observed in the formation of any numeral scale, though the actual number of counting has been, finger origin for numeral words has by no means been a pure numeral instead of by some word meaning _hand_ or _fingers of one tribes, count by digit numerals, and form their twenties as follows:[118] point to 20, the numeral words in both scales are such as to show that the cache = ./cache/16449.txt txt = ./txt/16449.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 27468 author = Anonymous title = IBM 1401 Programming Systems date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1256 sentences = 134 flesch = 55 summary = IBM Programming Languages and their significance to management._ Page 2: Here an operator points to machine language instructions for a new simplified vocabulary of statements to use in writing programs, and (2) =What 1401 Programming Systems Mean To Management:= Simplified programming routines allow programmers to write more Many pre-written programs are supplied by IBM, eliminating necessity of Pre-written programs have already been tested by IBM, reducing tedious IBM Programming Systems: IBM Programming Systems: applications.[A] COBOL permits a programmer to use language based on customers who also use larger data processing systems. This example illustrates how the Report Program Generator simplifies the But with the Report Program Generator, all the programmer has to write The Report Program Generator The Report Program Generator is an example of what IBM Programming Systems can accomplish. To assist the IBM programming staff in reflecting customer requirements in the specification of new programming systems. cache = ./cache/27468.txt txt = ./txt/27468.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 254 author = Unknown title = The Second Story of Meno A Continuation of Socrates' Dialogue with Meno in Which the Boy Proves Root 2 is Irrational date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6252 sentences = 610 flesch = 94 summary = Meno: Yes, Socrates, and you know the path is hard, Socrates: Well said, my friend Meno, and I shall leave it at Socrates: Please, Meno, instruct the boy to merely call me Meno: You heard what Socrates, said, boy. Meno: You know that I think it is impossible, Socrates. Socrates: So you have, my boy, has he not Meno? Socrates: Then you know what odd and even are, boy? Boy: Sometimes, Socrates, but usually only with simple numbers Socrates: Now think carefully, boy, what kind of ratios can Boy: Yes. A ratio of odd over even, when multiplied times Boy: We will get a ratio of even over odd, Socrates. Boy: Yes. Socrates: And an even number is two times one whole number? Boy: We know the first number in the squared ratio cannot be odd Socrates: Yes. Boy: When we square an even over odd ratio, the first number cache = ./cache/254.txt txt = ./txt/254.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 302 author = Husted, Michael title = The Fibonacci Number Series date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 24759 sentences = 8276 flesch = 115 summary = cache = ./cache/302.txt txt = ./txt/302.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 26752 author = Ramus, Petrus title = The Way To Geometry date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 51 sentences = 15 flesch = 67 summary = THE WAY GEOMETRY. Being necessary and usefull, Astronomers. Engineres. Geographers. Architecks. Land-meaters. Carpenters. Sea-men. Paynters. Carvers, &c. Written by Peter Ramus Translated by William Bedwell Note from submitter: Because of the heavy dependence of this book on its diagrams and illustrations, a text version was not prepared. cache = ./cache/26752.txt txt = ./txt/26752.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 744 author = Nemiroff, Robert J. title = The Golden Mean date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 12529 sentences = 12013 flesch = 121 summary = This is the golden ratio, (1+sqrt(5))/2, with 1.000.000 digits. It is based on square root of 5 computed by Robert Nemiroff and Jerry Bonnell. The golden ratio = cache = ./cache/744.txt txt = ./txt/744.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 19600 author = Waters, W. G. (William George) title = Jerome Cardan: A Biographical Study date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 96388 sentences = 4579 flesch = 72 summary = reason that the circumstances of Cardan's life, the character of his work, to treat the more noteworthy episodes of Cardan's life and work, and the streets of a city was as strong in Cardan's time as it is to-day. All his life long Cardan was a dreamer of dreams, and he gives an account condition of Algebra at the time when Cardan sat down to write. The _Book of the Great Art_ was not published till six years after Cardan suspecting that Cardan cared little what happened so long as the young man Cardan's life for the six years which followed was busy work to compare Cardan with Julius Cæsar Scaliger, his rival, and a man THE year 1555 may be held to mark the point of time at which Cardan physician in question called attention to a certain book in which Cardan in writing the record of 1576, says that if Cardan's life had been cache = ./cache/19600.txt txt = ./txt/19600.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 729 author = Levy, Steven title = Hackers, Heroes of the Computer Revolution. Chapters 1 and 2 date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 14861 sentences = 772 flesch = 70 summary = This home computer gave great graphics to game hackers like John Harris, at MIT AI lab, guru of the Hacker Ethic and student of room that housed machines which ran like computers. Peter Samson had been a member of the Tech Model Railroad Club students like Peter Samson, the quest meant more than the degree. damn machines, and while this new programming language called the requisite number of times, people like Kotok were eventually the rest of his time actually writing code for the machine. Samson, Kotok, and the other hackers accepted Peter Deutsch: by And what did these hacker programs DO? Hacker Ethic most faithfully were people like Samson, Saunders, working on a machine like the TX-0, which came with almost no If IBM had its way (so the TMRC hackers Kotok was working on in the Computation Center, the chess program set about building, right there at MIT, a hacker Xanadu the likes cache = ./cache/729.txt txt = ./txt/729.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 63 author = Unknown title = The Number "e" date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2597 sentences = 2413 flesch = 119 summary = The Number "e" Below is the value of 'e' to about 100,000 places, computed on the NCSA Cray Y-MP using the Brent multiple precision routines (published as Algorithm 524 in the March 1978 issue of Transactions on Mathematical Software). The method used was to compute first the alternating series for 1/e, then to invert this result. The time to compute 1/e was about 594 seconds, and the time to invert was about 97 seconds. special optimization was attempted on the code, other than the default vectorization that the cft77 compiler attempts to do. cache = ./cache/63.txt txt = ./txt/63.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 97 author = Abbott, Edwin Abbott title = Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 34034 sentences = 1640 flesch = 70 summary = Triangle, Square, Pentagon, Hexagon, Circle, what you will--a straight among the higher classes in Spaceland, that the process of "feeling" is equal-sided Triangle, Square, and Pentagon; and I need not say that the have said that all figures in Flatland present the appearance of a sense of sight between a number of Polygons of high rank moving in truly Circles, and not mere high-class Polygons, with an infinitely Line and a Point by the sense of sight is, as every one knows, in the mean by those words 'left' and 'right.' I suppose it is your way of infer the existence of Angles, Triangles, Squares, Pentagons, Hexagons, how a Point by moving through a length of three inches makes a Line of In One Dimension, did not a moving Point produce a Line with TWO In Two Dimensions, did not a moving Line produce a Square with FOUR cache = ./cache/97.txt txt = ./txt/97.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 929 author = St. Jude title = The Real Cyberpunk Fakebook date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7122 sentences = 1575 flesch = 96 summary = The Real Cyberpunk Fakebook, by St. Jude, R.U. Sirius time and were cyberpunks *twelve years ago*-we never sneer Chapter 1/ CYBERPUNK: A CHALLENGING POSTMODERN LIFESTYLE! Chapter 5/ CHEATCARDS FOR BOOKS YOU SHOULD HAVE READ Chapter 7/ ONLINE THINGS YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT Chapter 16/ CYBERPUNK LIFESTYLE HINTS Chapter 17/ CYBERPUNK SECRETS REVEALED! + The Real Reason Why Cyberpunks Need to Encrypt Their Email Chapter 18/ CYBERPUNK: THE INNER GAME Chapter 19/ CYBERPUNK: THE PARENTAL-DISCRETION SPECIAL Chapter 2: ACHIEVING CYBERPUNK Chapter 2: ACHIEVING CYBERPUNK What is there to know about being a cyberpunk? You think cyberpunk is just a leather jacket, some chrome While a cyberpunk is commonly a middleclass white male with way too many don't know why all cyberpunks need a laser pointer, but it's mandatory.) Maybe you should stick to basic cyberpunk. Chapter 4: Building Your Cyber Word Power Chapter 4: Building Your Cyber Word Power cache = ./cache/929.txt txt = ./txt/929.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = 634 author = nan title = Miscellaneous Mathematical Constants date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8705 sentences = 6240 flesch = 110 summary = gamma or Euler constant 170000 digits of gamma, as calculated from a value furnished by Jon Borwein. gamma or Euler constant is Lim(n->infinity) {sum(1/k,k=1..n) log(n)} The Euler constant squared to 2000 digits. The Euler constant squared to 2000 digits. gamma**(exp(1) to 1024 digits. gamma**(exp(1) to 1024 digits. gamma**(exp(1) to 1024 digits. gamma**(exp(1) to 1024 digits. 2**sqrt(2) a transcendental number to 2000 digits. 2**sqrt(2) a transcendental number to 2000 digits. Khinchin constant to 1024 digits. Khinchin constant to 1024 digits. The Lehmer constant to 1000 digits. The Lehmer constant to 1000 digits. -log(gamma) to 1024 digits. -log(gamma) to 1024 digits. exp(Pi*sqrt(163)), the Ramanujan number, in fact the n'th Tribonacci number is given by this EXACT formula. Zeta(3) or Apery constant to 2000 places. Zeta(3) or Apery constant to 2000 places. Zeta(5), the sum(1/n**5,n=1..infinity) to 512 digits. Zeta(5), the sum(1/n**5,n=1..infinity) to 512 digits. The number is 1.60140224354988761393325 (to 24 digits of precision). cache = ./cache/634.txt txt = ./txt/634.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 201 author = Abbott, Edwin Abbott title = Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions (Illustrated) date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 34858 sentences = 1905 flesch = 73 summary = Circle (in other words our High Priest) came to inspect the State Triangle, Square, Pentagon, Hexagon, Circle, what you will--a straight among the higher classes in Spaceland, that the process of "feeling" is equal-sided Triangle, Square, and Pentagon; and I need not say that the said that all figures in Flatland present the appearance of a straight truly Circles, and not mere high-class Polygons with an infinitely If it were so, the number of sides in a Circle would be a mere question Line and a Point by the sense of sight is, as every one knows, in the Lines, and infer the existence of Angles, Triangles, Squares, Recognition," replied she, "'Feeling is believing' and 'A Straight Line In One Dimension, did not a moving Point produce a Line with TWO In Two Dimensions, did not a moving Line produce a Square with FOUR In Three Dimensions, did not a moving Square produce--did not this eye cache = ./cache/201.txt txt = ./txt/201.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 682 author = Fee, Greg title = Catalan's Constant [Ramanujan's Formula] date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4212 sentences = 3740 flesch = 118 summary = Catalan's Constant [Ramanujan's Formula] Catalan constant to 300000 digits computed on September 29, 1996 by using a Sun Ultra-Sparc in 1 day 8 hour 15 min 15 sec 55 hsec. The algorithm used is the standard series for Catalan, accelerated The algorithm was implemented using the LiDIA ftp://crypt1.cs.uni-sb.de/pub/systems/LiDIA/LiDIA-1.2.1.tgz http://www-jb.cs.uni-sb.de/LiDIA/linkhtml/lidia/lidia.html The implementation of the algorithm is: const_catalan (bigfloat & y) Calculating Catalan's constant to 300000 decimals Time required: 1 day 8 hour 15 min 15 sec 55 hsec Catalan constant is: sum((-1)**(n+1)/(2*n-1)**2,n=1..infinity) also known was due to Greg Fee and Simon Plouffe on August 14, 1996, and the standard implementation of Catalan on MapleV, Release 4. Euler Tranform: References, Abramowitz and Stegun, formula 3.6.27 Ramanujan Notebooks, part I formula 34.1 of page 293. Computation of Catalan's constant using Ramanujan's Formula, by Greg Fee, ACM 1990, Proceedings of the ISAAC conference, 1990, p. Catalan constant to 300000 digits cache = ./cache/682.txt txt = ./txt/682.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 633 author = nan title = The Golden Mean or Ratio[(1+sqrt(5))/2] To 20,000 places date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3952 sentences = 3523 flesch = 117 summary = Catalan evaluation 170000 digits of gamma or Euler constant Zeta(3) or Apery Constant The Gauss-Kusmin-Wirsing constant Landau-Ramanujan constant The golden ratio: (1+sqrt(5))/2 to 20000 places. As calculated by Greg Fee using Maple Release 3 standard Catalan evaluation. of CPU on a SGI R4000 machine. It comes from formula 34.1 of page 293 of Ramanujan Notebooks, The article of Greg Fee that took those formulas appear in Computation of Catalan's constant using Ramanujan's Formula, by catalan := 0. 170000 digits of gamma, as calculated from a value furnished by Jon Borwein. gamma or Euler constant is Lim(n->infinity) {sum(1/k,k=1..n) log(n)} The Backhouse constant calculated by Philippe Flajolet INRIA Paris to Zeta(3) or Apery constant to 2000 places. Feigenbaum bifurcation velocity constant Feigenbaum bifurcation velocity constant The Gauss-Kuzmin-Wirsing constant. Khinchin constant to 1024 digits. Landau-Ramanujan constant calculated by Philippe Flajolet INRIA Paris The twin primes constant. The twin primes constant. cache = ./cache/633.txt txt = ./txt/633.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = 5768 author = Williams, Sam title = Free as in Freedom: Richard Stallman's Crusade for Free Software date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 75706 sentences = 4559 flesch = 68 summary = Free As in Freedom: Richard Stallman's Crusade for Free Software. "I do free software," Stallman says to rising laughter. Most importantly, Stallman says, software programs and high-quality software programs Stallman has built, program to examine another," says Stallman, recalling the Free Software Foundation, Stallman wisecracks, free software tools and programs for the GNU Project, When it comes to copyrighted works, Stallman says he Stallman, the hacker who coined the Twenex term, says the AI Lab's hacker staff, Stallman says many of the if they restrict the use of these programs."See Richard Stallman, "The GNU the free software model, Stallman has held up the better software," says Stallman. distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.See Richard Stallman, et [Stallman's] software, but also all of the other GNU According to Stallman, improving software programs was deference to Stallman and the Free Software Foundation Stallman was the software cache = ./cache/5768.txt txt = ./txt/5768.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 35550 author = Heath, Thomas Little, Sir title = Archimedes date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 17952 sentences = 898 flesch = 70 summary = Archimedes says that the theorem of Euclid XII., 2, was proved by means Archimedes then proceeds to find the volumes of two solid figures, which Archimedes proves that the volume of the solid so cut off is one sixth its angles rounded off; and Archimedes proves that the volume of this Having proved these facts by the mechanical method, Archimedes concluded the treatise proving that any segment of a "section of a right-angled propositions declare the surface and volume of the sphere to be equal Book II begins with the problem of finding a sphere equal in volume to a surface, equal to that of another given segment of a sphere. 1 Archimedes inscribes and circumscribes to a circle a series cone, Archimedes calls the conical figure with an elliptic base a figures respectively and using the method of exhaustion, Archimedes method of exhaustion Archimedes finds the areas required. cache = ./cache/35550.txt txt = ./txt/35550.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 37681 author = Smith, David Eugene title = The Teaching of Geometry date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 94168 sentences = 5603 flesch = 72 summary = from geometry as from any other subject of study,--given teachers of for the general case that the sum of the angles of a triangle equals two perpendicular to a line, and how to make an angle equal to a given In his work Euclid placed all of the leading propositions of plane special points and lines relating to the triangle and the circle, and propositions; in other words, to write a textbook on plane geometry. In the proof of the early propositions of plane geometry, and again at point, a straight line, and a circle exists, he practically postulates Euclid stated the proposition thus, "If in a triangle two angles be the proposition that, if alternate angles are equal, the lines are parallels, and we get the figure of plane geometry relating to lines the circle as a line is becoming quite general in elementary geometry, cache = ./cache/37681.txt txt = ./txt/37681.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 39300 author = Thorndike, Edward L. (Edward Lee) title = The Psychology of Arithmetic date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 89248 sentences = 7391 flesch = 81 summary = school drills in addition and in short division in the form of practice arithmetic--the so-called fundamentals--in solving problems should mean To apply arithmetic to a problem a pupil must understand what (1) Working knowledge of the meanings of numbers as names for certain MEASUREMENTS OF ABILITY IN APPLIED ARITHMETIC: THE SOLUTION OF PROBLEMS arithmetic to which work with large numbers in low grades does somewhat the assurance that a problem helps the pupil to learn arithmetic is as sort that the pupil may come to think of a problem in applied arithmetic arithmetical problems in school usually assists the pupil to the extent arithmetical work by pupils in grade 8. It is well for a pupil who has learned (1) the meanings of the numbers have pupils in the problem-attitude when they are studying arithmetic is more ability in arithmetic, or, in other words, that the pupil who is cache = ./cache/39300.txt txt = ./txt/39300.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 34268 author = Perry, John title = Spinning Tops The "Operatives' Lecture" of the British Association Meeting at Leeds, 6th September, 1890 date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 30053 sentences = 1763 flesch = 76 summary = that every spinning body like the fly-wheel inside this case resists more the gyrostat would fall if it were not spinning (Fig. 16), and it now moves this gyrostat (Fig. 18) to set its spinning axis vertical, to set its axis remember that when you constrain the axis of a spinning body to rotate, it shown by Fig. 20), O E was the direction of the spinning axis, O D was the When forces act upon a spinning body, tending to cause rotation three turns per second about the axis O A (Fig. 24), and a spin of two balanced kind of rotation will take place, and a spinning body generally equilibrium; when the gyrostat is spinning the ship gets a motion of spinning of the gyrostat is about 23½° to the vertical; the precession is will now spin all the gyrostats, and you will observe that when A moves cache = ./cache/34268.txt txt = ./txt/34268.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 38536 author = Rivenburg, Romeyn Henry title = A Review of Algebra date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16764 sentences = 3363 flesch = 98 summary = Square, cube, and other roots are shown by raising a quantity to the Factors; coefficient; exponent; power; base; term; algebraic sum; similar terms; degree; homogeneous expression; linear radicals; binomial surd; pure quadratic equation; affected Square root of algebraic expressions. Square root of arithmetical numbers. ~Reference:~ The Chapter on Fractional Equations in any algebra. ~Reference:~ The chapter on Square Root in any algebra. Review the method of finding the square root of a binomial surd. Review equations in the quadratic form and solve: To form the quadratic equation when the roots are given.~ ALTERNATE METHOD: Solve for x in terms of y in one equation and substitute in the other. 1. A train running 30 miles an hour requires 21 minutes longer to go a certain distance than does a train running 36 miles an hour. speed over the second half of the course by 2 miles per hour, cache = ./cache/38536.txt txt = ./txt/38536.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 45691 author = Browne, Robert T. title = The Mystery of Space A Study of the Hyperspace Movement in the Light of the Evolution of New Psychic Faculties and an Inquiry into the Genesis and Essential Nature of Space date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 109321 sentences = 4823 flesch = 55 summary = generating); evolution of the space-form, the universe; the SPATIALITY--Space as a dynamic, creative movement; kosmic order, as The evolution of the idea of a fourth dimension of space covers a long Parallel-Postulate--The Basis of the Non-Euclidean Geometry--Space space of non-Euclidean geometry is not presented to the consciousness determining the dimension and essential nature of real space. form of intuition, the space notion is present in the mind as a scope Space-consciousness is a simple, direct cognitive process; consciousness of space as a separate notion from the mind. The attainment of the space-mind or kosmic consciousness would then the space-mind or kosmic consciousness. the mind normally views space that is the natural way. consciousness, the space-mind, or man's higher self and that which space-mind and the consciousness which constitutes it enable the Thinker's consciousness is a mere point in space. all things, of life, mind and form, the intellect will need the cache = ./cache/45691.txt txt = ./txt/45691.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 58225 author = nan title = Primes to One Trillion date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1608 sentences = 189 flesch = 93 summary = primes the file contains: Move the required prime txt files to a temporary Prime Text Files Additional prime files will be posted here. PrimeC File Format and While working with primes, I developed the primec format, a file Analyzing Prime Numbers, a description of the content and use of 20 successive numbers can be specified in one 8 bit byte. files that use the same number for the upper boundary of the The primality of any number in the range of the file is If the number ends in 0, 2, 4, 5, 6, or 8, it is not prime. Within that byte, the primality of the value is specified by the bit, specifying the next prime number. Thus, a sequence of primes represented as primec is always BuildTxtPrime Create file of primes, txt format the C++ programming or the content of the prime files, send an The program files are also posted on cache = ./cache/58225.txt txt = ./txt/58225.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 29042 author = Carroll, Lewis title = A Tangled Tale date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 28707 sentences = 2646 flesch = 90 summary = "Let's ask Balbus about it," said Hugh. "Which one is a back-room, I perceive," said Balbus: "and looking out house, who said "yes'm" in answer to all questions. said, good-humouredly, in answer to Clara's cautiously-worded question "They part to meet again," said Clara, her eyes filling with tears at By this time the old man had closed his eyes--in order, no doubt, to the next half-hour Clara was hard at work, putting in marks and rubbing "I was looking for a picture," she said, "that has a good subject--and "I don't half like the way they grin at us as we go by!" the old man "Don't provoke me, man!" cried the little old lady, in what she meant same time as two level miles, I mark them as "right." A MARLBOROUGH BOY "Very good," said the old man. What I have said will suffice, I hope, as an answer to BALBUS, who holds cache = ./cache/29042.txt txt = ./txt/29042.txt Building ./etc/reader.txt 16713 37681 19600 5768 37681 16713 number of items: 34 sum of words: 1,025,207 average size in words: 35,351 average readability score: 89 nouns: number; time; digits; illustration; p.; space; line; way; life; work; man; geometry; numbers; case; point; square; words; years; fact; hand; mind; system; one; software; lines; puzzle; form; order; ways; times; part; world; plane; day; place; side; consciousness; men; problem; nature; knowledge; b; things; numerals; example; sides; solution; method; book; matter verbs: is; be; are; was; have; had; has; been; were; do; see; made; given; being; find; make; found; said; used; did; say; give; does; know; says; take; get; shown; called; known; following; come; seen; use; let; put; having; show; set; go; taken; seems; ''s; done; cut; form; left; think; call; am adjectives: other; same; many; first; such; more; little; certain; possible; equal; great; different; new; second; own; few; right; general; old; straight; much; good; last; square; necessary; common; simple; arithmetic; -; true; free; similar; long; less; real; next; large; most; third; higher; present; whole; best; interesting; fourth; small; greater; correct; single; full adverbs: not; so; then; only; now; more; as; also; even; up; out; very; thus; just; therefore; well; here; most; once; however; always; still; together; n''t; first; again; on; down; never; far; too; much; all; quite; exactly; indeed; back; rather; ever; long; really; already; there; almost; yet; off; probably; often; perhaps; in pronouns: it; i; he; his; we; you; they; their; its; my; them; him; our; me; your; her; us; itself; she; himself; themselves; one; myself; yourself; thy; ourselves; herself; mine; ours; ''s; y^2; oneself; theirs; thee; yours; n; hers; theseus; freebsd; a^2; |results; |kp[=e]el; ya; y; writes--"they; thyself; talkee; sè; r_{1; pp proper nouns: _; |; stallman; cardan; de; vol; b; c; .; fig; i.; euclid; c.; cit; a; puzzle; pp; ii; gnu; mr.; x; j.; d; flatland; e.; f.; ab; y; p.; linux; a.d.; square; new; h.; \; et; m.; book; thinker; loc; london; m; geometry; richard; al; g.; e; vita; greek; circle keywords: illustration; number; line; fig; vol; square; space; greek; geometry; circle; b.c.; woman; university; sphere; spaceland; section; place; paris; numeral; mr.; mit; isosceles; ibm; hacker; flatland; euclid; dimensions; digit; constant; colour; catalan; book; arithmetic; algebra; a.d.; year; xerox; world; work; word; way; vita; varietate; unix; tx-0; tribe; torvalds; tmrc; time; thinker one topic; one dimension: number file(s): ./cache/16449.txt titles(s): The Number Concept: Its Origin and Development three topics; one dimension: 10; stallman; geometry file(s): ./cache/45691.txt, ./cache/5768.txt, ./cache/744.txt titles(s): The Mystery of Space A Study of the Hyperspace Movement in the Light of the Evolution of New Psychic Faculties and an Inquiry into the Genesis and Essential Nature of Space | Free as in Freedom: Richard Stallman''s Crusade for Free Software | The Golden Mean five topics; three dimensions: number square puzzle; stallman cardan software; space 10 life; digits zip primes; geometry line equal file(s): ./cache/16713.txt, ./cache/19600.txt, ./cache/45691.txt, ./cache/302.txt, ./cache/37681.txt titles(s): Amusements in Mathematics | Jerome Cardan: A Biographical Study | The Mystery of Space A Study of the Hyperspace Movement in the Light of the Evolution of New Psychic Faculties and an Inquiry into the Genesis and Essential Nature of Space | The Fibonacci Number Series | The Teaching of Geometry Type: gutenberg title: classification-QA-gutenberg date: 2021-05-28 time: 14:05 username: emorgan patron: Eric Morgan email: emorgan@nd.edu input: classification:"QA" ==== make-pages.sh htm files ==== make-pages.sh complex files ==== make-pages.sh named enities ==== making bibliographics id: 97 author: Abbott, Edwin Abbott title: Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions date: words: 34034.0 sentences: 1640.0 pages: flesch: 70.0 cache: ./cache/97.txt txt: ./txt/97.txt summary: Triangle, Square, Pentagon, Hexagon, Circle, what you will--a straight among the higher classes in Spaceland, that the process of "feeling" is equal-sided Triangle, Square, and Pentagon; and I need not say that the have said that all figures in Flatland present the appearance of a sense of sight between a number of Polygons of high rank moving in truly Circles, and not mere high-class Polygons, with an infinitely Line and a Point by the sense of sight is, as every one knows, in the mean by those words ''left'' and ''right.'' I suppose it is your way of infer the existence of Angles, Triangles, Squares, Pentagons, Hexagons, how a Point by moving through a length of three inches makes a Line of In One Dimension, did not a moving Point produce a Line with TWO In Two Dimensions, did not a moving Line produce a Square with FOUR id: 201 author: Abbott, Edwin Abbott title: Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions (Illustrated) date: words: 34858.0 sentences: 1905.0 pages: flesch: 73.0 cache: ./cache/201.txt txt: ./txt/201.txt summary: Circle (in other words our High Priest) came to inspect the State Triangle, Square, Pentagon, Hexagon, Circle, what you will--a straight among the higher classes in Spaceland, that the process of "feeling" is equal-sided Triangle, Square, and Pentagon; and I need not say that the said that all figures in Flatland present the appearance of a straight truly Circles, and not mere high-class Polygons with an infinitely If it were so, the number of sides in a Circle would be a mere question Line and a Point by the sense of sight is, as every one knows, in the Lines, and infer the existence of Angles, Triangles, Squares, Recognition," replied she, "''Feeling is believing'' and ''A Straight Line In One Dimension, did not a moving Point produce a Line with TWO In Two Dimensions, did not a moving Line produce a Square with FOUR In Three Dimensions, did not a moving Square produce--did not this eye id: 27468 author: Anonymous title: IBM 1401 Programming Systems date: words: 1256.0 sentences: 134.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/27468.txt txt: ./txt/27468.txt summary: IBM Programming Languages and their significance to management._ Page 2: Here an operator points to machine language instructions for a new simplified vocabulary of statements to use in writing programs, and (2) =What 1401 Programming Systems Mean To Management:= Simplified programming routines allow programmers to write more Many pre-written programs are supplied by IBM, eliminating necessity of Pre-written programs have already been tested by IBM, reducing tedious IBM Programming Systems: IBM Programming Systems: applications.[A] COBOL permits a programmer to use language based on customers who also use larger data processing systems. This example illustrates how the Report Program Generator simplifies the But with the Report Program Generator, all the programmer has to write The Report Program Generator The Report Program Generator is an example of what IBM Programming Systems can accomplish. To assist the IBM programming staff in reflecting customer requirements in the specification of new programming systems. id: 45691 author: Browne, Robert T. title: The Mystery of Space A Study of the Hyperspace Movement in the Light of the Evolution of New Psychic Faculties and an Inquiry into the Genesis and Essential Nature of Space date: words: 109321.0 sentences: 4823.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/45691.txt txt: ./txt/45691.txt summary: generating); evolution of the space-form, the universe; the SPATIALITY--Space as a dynamic, creative movement; kosmic order, as The evolution of the idea of a fourth dimension of space covers a long Parallel-Postulate--The Basis of the Non-Euclidean Geometry--Space space of non-Euclidean geometry is not presented to the consciousness determining the dimension and essential nature of real space. form of intuition, the space notion is present in the mind as a scope Space-consciousness is a simple, direct cognitive process; consciousness of space as a separate notion from the mind. The attainment of the space-mind or kosmic consciousness would then the space-mind or kosmic consciousness. the mind normally views space that is the natural way. consciousness, the space-mind, or man''s higher self and that which space-mind and the consciousness which constitutes it enable the Thinker''s consciousness is a mere point in space. all things, of life, mind and form, the intellect will need the id: 29042 author: Carroll, Lewis title: A Tangled Tale date: words: 28707.0 sentences: 2646.0 pages: flesch: 90.0 cache: ./cache/29042.txt txt: ./txt/29042.txt summary: "Let''s ask Balbus about it," said Hugh. "Which one is a back-room, I perceive," said Balbus: "and looking out house, who said "yes''m" in answer to all questions. said, good-humouredly, in answer to Clara''s cautiously-worded question "They part to meet again," said Clara, her eyes filling with tears at By this time the old man had closed his eyes--in order, no doubt, to the next half-hour Clara was hard at work, putting in marks and rubbing "I was looking for a picture," she said, "that has a good subject--and "I don''t half like the way they grin at us as we go by!" the old man "Don''t provoke me, man!" cried the little old lady, in what she meant same time as two level miles, I mark them as "right." A MARLBOROUGH BOY "Very good," said the old man. What I have said will suffice, I hope, as an answer to BALBUS, who holds id: 16449 author: Conant, Levi L. (Levi Leonard) title: The Number Concept: Its Origin and Development date: words: 56599.0 sentences: 9461.0 pages: flesch: 88.0 cache: ./cache/16449.txt txt: ./txt/16449.txt summary: methods of counting and of giving visible expression to the idea of number. method of counting,--or, in other words, of grasping the idea of number. of the negro tribes of South Africa[15] the little finger of the right hand little finger of the left hand, the natives counted up to 5 in the usual count on the same fingers, they expressed the numbers from 6 to 10 by number of native words in its numeral scale as English; and the same may be observed in the formation of any numeral scale, though the actual number of counting has been, finger origin for numeral words has by no means been a pure numeral instead of by some word meaning _hand_ or _fingers of one tribes, count by digit numerals, and form their twenties as follows:[118] point to 20, the numeral words in both scales are such as to show that the id: 16713 author: Dudeney, Henry Ernest title: Amusements in Mathematics date: words: 172097.0 sentences: 14183.0 pages: flesch: 89.0 cache: ./cache/16713.txt txt: ./txt/16713.txt summary: Here are the nine digits so arranged that they form four square numbers: The puzzle is to place a different number in each of the ten squares so infinite number of different ways of making the cuts to solve the puzzle puzzle--to cut a square into pieces to form a Greek cross. four pieces in an infinite number of different ways to make a square. Cut a Greek cross into five pieces that will form two separate squares, Cut a Greek cross into five pieces that will form two separate squares, different ways the puzzle may be solved, assuming that in every case the Place some numbered counters on a sheet of paper divided into squares puzzle is to arrange them in the form of a cross, exactly in the way place themselves that their numbers should form a magic square. ways 63 may be the difference between two square numbers. id: 682 author: Fee, Greg title: Catalan''s Constant [Ramanujan''s Formula] date: words: 4212.0 sentences: 3740.0 pages: flesch: 118.0 cache: ./cache/682.txt txt: ./txt/682.txt summary: Catalan''s Constant [Ramanujan''s Formula] Catalan constant to 300000 digits computed on September 29, 1996 by using a Sun Ultra-Sparc in 1 day 8 hour 15 min 15 sec 55 hsec. The algorithm used is the standard series for Catalan, accelerated The algorithm was implemented using the LiDIA ftp://crypt1.cs.uni-sb.de/pub/systems/LiDIA/LiDIA-1.2.1.tgz http://www-jb.cs.uni-sb.de/LiDIA/linkhtml/lidia/lidia.html The implementation of the algorithm is: const_catalan (bigfloat & y) Calculating Catalan''s constant to 300000 decimals Time required: 1 day 8 hour 15 min 15 sec 55 hsec Catalan constant is: sum((-1)**(n+1)/(2*n-1)**2,n=1..infinity) also known was due to Greg Fee and Simon Plouffe on August 14, 1996, and the standard implementation of Catalan on MapleV, Release 4. Euler Tranform: References, Abramowitz and Stegun, formula 3.6.27 Ramanujan Notebooks, part I formula 34.1 of page 293. Computation of Catalan''s constant using Ramanujan''s Formula, by Greg Fee, ACM 1990, Proceedings of the ISAAC conference, 1990, p. Catalan constant to 300000 digits id: 35550 author: Heath, Thomas Little, Sir title: Archimedes date: words: 17952.0 sentences: 898.0 pages: flesch: 70.0 cache: ./cache/35550.txt txt: ./txt/35550.txt summary: Archimedes says that the theorem of Euclid XII., 2, was proved by means Archimedes then proceeds to find the volumes of two solid figures, which Archimedes proves that the volume of the solid so cut off is one sixth its angles rounded off; and Archimedes proves that the volume of this Having proved these facts by the mechanical method, Archimedes concluded the treatise proving that any segment of a "section of a right-angled propositions declare the surface and volume of the sphere to be equal Book II begins with the problem of finding a sphere equal in volume to a surface, equal to that of another given segment of a sphere. 1 Archimedes inscribes and circumscribes to a circle a series cone, Archimedes calls the conical figure with an elliptic base a figures respectively and using the method of exhaustion, Archimedes method of exhaustion Archimedes finds the areas required. id: 302 author: Husted, Michael title: The Fibonacci Number Series date: words: 24759.0 sentences: 8276.0 pages: flesch: 115.0 cache: ./cache/302.txt txt: ./txt/302.txt summary: id: 729 author: Levy, Steven title: Hackers, Heroes of the Computer Revolution. Chapters 1 and 2 date: words: 14861.0 sentences: 772.0 pages: flesch: 70.0 cache: ./cache/729.txt txt: ./txt/729.txt summary: This home computer gave great graphics to game hackers like John Harris, at MIT AI lab, guru of the Hacker Ethic and student of room that housed machines which ran like computers. Peter Samson had been a member of the Tech Model Railroad Club students like Peter Samson, the quest meant more than the degree. damn machines, and while this new programming language called the requisite number of times, people like Kotok were eventually the rest of his time actually writing code for the machine. Samson, Kotok, and the other hackers accepted Peter Deutsch: by And what did these hacker programs DO? Hacker Ethic most faithfully were people like Samson, Saunders, working on a machine like the TX-0, which came with almost no If IBM had its way (so the TMRC hackers Kotok was working on in the Computation Center, the chess program set about building, right there at MIT, a hacker Xanadu the likes id: 744 author: Nemiroff, Robert J. title: The Golden Mean date: words: 12529.0 sentences: 12013.0 pages: flesch: 121.0 cache: ./cache/744.txt txt: ./txt/744.txt summary: This is the golden ratio, (1+sqrt(5))/2, with 1.000.000 digits. It is based on square root of 5 computed by Robert Nemiroff and Jerry Bonnell. The golden ratio = id: 34268 author: Perry, John title: Spinning Tops The "Operatives'' Lecture" of the British Association Meeting at Leeds, 6th September, 1890 date: words: 30053.0 sentences: 1763.0 pages: flesch: 76.0 cache: ./cache/34268.txt txt: ./txt/34268.txt summary: that every spinning body like the fly-wheel inside this case resists more the gyrostat would fall if it were not spinning (Fig. 16), and it now moves this gyrostat (Fig. 18) to set its spinning axis vertical, to set its axis remember that when you constrain the axis of a spinning body to rotate, it shown by Fig. 20), O E was the direction of the spinning axis, O D was the When forces act upon a spinning body, tending to cause rotation three turns per second about the axis O A (Fig. 24), and a spin of two balanced kind of rotation will take place, and a spinning body generally equilibrium; when the gyrostat is spinning the ship gets a motion of spinning of the gyrostat is about 23½° to the vertical; the precession is will now spin all the gyrostats, and you will observe that when A moves id: 26752 author: Ramus, Petrus title: The Way To Geometry date: words: 51.0 sentences: 15.0 pages: flesch: 67.0 cache: ./cache/26752.txt txt: ./txt/26752.txt summary: THE WAY GEOMETRY. Being necessary and usefull, Astronomers. Engineres. Geographers. Architecks. Land-meaters. Carpenters. Sea-men. Paynters. Carvers, &c. Written by Peter Ramus Translated by William Bedwell Note from submitter: Because of the heavy dependence of this book on its diagrams and illustrations, a text version was not prepared. id: 38536 author: Rivenburg, Romeyn Henry title: A Review of Algebra date: words: 16764.0 sentences: 3363.0 pages: flesch: 98.0 cache: ./cache/38536.txt txt: ./txt/38536.txt summary: Square, cube, and other roots are shown by raising a quantity to the Factors; coefficient; exponent; power; base; term; algebraic sum; similar terms; degree; homogeneous expression; linear radicals; binomial surd; pure quadratic equation; affected Square root of algebraic expressions. Square root of arithmetical numbers. ~Reference:~ The Chapter on Fractional Equations in any algebra. ~Reference:~ The chapter on Square Root in any algebra. Review the method of finding the square root of a binomial surd. Review equations in the quadratic form and solve: To form the quadratic equation when the roots are given.~ ALTERNATE METHOD: Solve for x in terms of y in one equation and substitute in the other. 1. A train running 30 miles an hour requires 21 minutes longer to go a certain distance than does a train running 36 miles an hour. speed over the second half of the course by 2 miles per hour, id: 69 author: Slowinski, David title: The 32nd Mersenne Prime Predicted by Mersenne date: words: 4633.0 sentences: 4395.0 pages: flesch: 120.0 cache: ./cache/69.txt txt: ./txt/69.txt summary: The 32nd Mersenne Prime David Slowinski In honor of Andrew Wiles'' proof of the theorem known as "Fermat''s Last Theorem" stated 350 years ago--but unproven until this week (February, 1993). [Fermat''s thoughts on primes did not fare so A prime number is an integer, which is evenly integer divisible only by itself and 1] Took 26.562767 minutes to calculate using Maple 4.0 on a 512-MW 4 CPU Cray 2 id: 22599 author: Smith, David Eugene title: The Hindu-Arabic Numerals date: words: 52183.0 sentences: 4613.0 pages: flesch: 77.0 cache: ./cache/22599.txt txt: ./txt/22599.txt summary: not use the letters of their alphabet for numerical notation, as the Arabs century on fully recognized the Hindu origin of the new numerals. searching for the early history of the Hindu-Arabic numerals, and the fact in certain of the early forms of Hindu numerals.[116] certain of the early numeral forms used in India. Before speaking of the perfected Hindu numerals with the zero and the place Many early writers remarked upon the diversity of Indian numeral forms. For purposes of comparison the modern Sanskrit and Arabic numeral forms are century knew these numerals as Indian forms, for a commentary on the FORMS OF THE NUMERALS, LARGELY FROM WORKS ON THE ABACUS[351] fourteenth century, followed the Arabic usage in calling his work _Indian the Hindu-Arabic numerals until the sixteenth century.[469] the Roman numerals, while Köbel''s calendar of 1518 gives the Arabic forms extended use of this work that the {135} term _Arabic numerals_ became id: 37681 author: Smith, David Eugene title: The Teaching of Geometry date: words: 94168.0 sentences: 5603.0 pages: flesch: 72.0 cache: ./cache/37681.txt txt: ./txt/37681.txt summary: from geometry as from any other subject of study,--given teachers of for the general case that the sum of the angles of a triangle equals two perpendicular to a line, and how to make an angle equal to a given In his work Euclid placed all of the leading propositions of plane special points and lines relating to the triangle and the circle, and propositions; in other words, to write a textbook on plane geometry. In the proof of the early propositions of plane geometry, and again at point, a straight line, and a circle exists, he practically postulates Euclid stated the proposition thus, "If in a triangle two angles be the proposition that, if alternate angles are equal, the lines are parallels, and we get the figure of plane geometry relating to lines the circle as a line is becoming quite general in elementary geometry, id: 929 author: St. Jude title: The Real Cyberpunk Fakebook date: words: 7122.0 sentences: 1575.0 pages: flesch: 96.0 cache: ./cache/929.txt txt: ./txt/929.txt summary: The Real Cyberpunk Fakebook, by St. Jude, R.U. Sirius time and were cyberpunks *twelve years ago*-we never sneer Chapter 1/ CYBERPUNK: A CHALLENGING POSTMODERN LIFESTYLE! Chapter 5/ CHEATCARDS FOR BOOKS YOU SHOULD HAVE READ Chapter 7/ ONLINE THINGS YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT Chapter 16/ CYBERPUNK LIFESTYLE HINTS Chapter 17/ CYBERPUNK SECRETS REVEALED! + The Real Reason Why Cyberpunks Need to Encrypt Their Email Chapter 18/ CYBERPUNK: THE INNER GAME Chapter 19/ CYBERPUNK: THE PARENTAL-DISCRETION SPECIAL Chapter 2: ACHIEVING CYBERPUNK Chapter 2: ACHIEVING CYBERPUNK What is there to know about being a cyberpunk? You think cyberpunk is just a leather jacket, some chrome While a cyberpunk is commonly a middleclass white male with way too many don''t know why all cyberpunks need a laser pointer, but it''s mandatory.) Maybe you should stick to basic cyberpunk. Chapter 4: Building Your Cyber Word Power Chapter 4: Building Your Cyber Word Power id: 20214 author: Stanley, W. title: Instruction for Using a Slide Rule date: words: 5198.0 sentences: 568.0 pages: flesch: 91.0 cache: ./cache/20214.txt txt: ./txt/20214.txt summary: place the decimal point in the slide rule result so that its value is working example 2 would be to set the left-hand index of the C scale decimal point in the slide rule result so that it is nearest to the directly on the slide rule by use of the CI scale. To extract a square root, we set the indicator over the number on the A the left of the decimal point, use the left-hand half of the A scale. decimal point, so we must set the indicator over 37 on the right-hand To find the cube of any number on the slide rule set the indicator over could set a given number, on the K scale there are three places where a of the decimal point use the right-hand third of the K scale. If the indicator is set over a given number on the K scale, the id: 39300 author: Thorndike, Edward L. (Edward Lee) title: The Psychology of Arithmetic date: words: 89248.0 sentences: 7391.0 pages: flesch: 81.0 cache: ./cache/39300.txt txt: ./txt/39300.txt summary: school drills in addition and in short division in the form of practice arithmetic--the so-called fundamentals--in solving problems should mean To apply arithmetic to a problem a pupil must understand what (1) Working knowledge of the meanings of numbers as names for certain MEASUREMENTS OF ABILITY IN APPLIED ARITHMETIC: THE SOLUTION OF PROBLEMS arithmetic to which work with large numbers in low grades does somewhat the assurance that a problem helps the pupil to learn arithmetic is as sort that the pupil may come to think of a problem in applied arithmetic arithmetical problems in school usually assists the pupil to the extent arithmetical work by pupils in grade 8. It is well for a pupil who has learned (1) the meanings of the numbers have pupils in the problem-attitude when they are studying arithmetic is more ability in arithmetic, or, in other words, that the pupil who is id: 254 author: Unknown title: The Second Story of Meno A Continuation of Socrates'' Dialogue with Meno in Which the Boy Proves Root 2 is Irrational date: words: 6252.0 sentences: 610.0 pages: flesch: 94.0 cache: ./cache/254.txt txt: ./txt/254.txt summary: Meno: Yes, Socrates, and you know the path is hard, Socrates: Well said, my friend Meno, and I shall leave it at Socrates: Please, Meno, instruct the boy to merely call me Meno: You heard what Socrates, said, boy. Meno: You know that I think it is impossible, Socrates. Socrates: So you have, my boy, has he not Meno? Socrates: Then you know what odd and even are, boy? Boy: Sometimes, Socrates, but usually only with simple numbers Socrates: Now think carefully, boy, what kind of ratios can Boy: Yes. A ratio of odd over even, when multiplied times Boy: We will get a ratio of even over odd, Socrates. Boy: Yes. Socrates: And an even number is two times one whole number? Boy: We know the first number in the squared ratio cannot be odd Socrates: Yes. Boy: When we square an even over odd ratio, the first number id: 63 author: Unknown title: The Number "e" date: words: 2597.0 sentences: 2413.0 pages: flesch: 119.0 cache: ./cache/63.txt txt: ./txt/63.txt summary: The Number "e" Below is the value of ''e'' to about 100,000 places, computed on the NCSA Cray Y-MP using the Brent multiple precision routines (published as Algorithm 524 in the March 1978 issue of Transactions on Mathematical Software). The method used was to compute first the alternating series for 1/e, then to invert this result. The time to compute 1/e was about 594 seconds, and the time to invert was about 97 seconds. special optimization was attempted on the code, other than the default vectorization that the cft77 compiler attempts to do. id: 212 author: Unknown title: A List of Factorial Math Constants date: words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: id: 19600 author: Waters, W. G. (William George) title: Jerome Cardan: A Biographical Study date: words: 96388.0 sentences: 4579.0 pages: flesch: 72.0 cache: ./cache/19600.txt txt: ./txt/19600.txt summary: reason that the circumstances of Cardan''s life, the character of his work, to treat the more noteworthy episodes of Cardan''s life and work, and the streets of a city was as strong in Cardan''s time as it is to-day. All his life long Cardan was a dreamer of dreams, and he gives an account condition of Algebra at the time when Cardan sat down to write. The _Book of the Great Art_ was not published till six years after Cardan suspecting that Cardan cared little what happened so long as the young man Cardan''s life for the six years which followed was busy work to compare Cardan with Julius Cæsar Scaliger, his rival, and a man THE year 1555 may be held to mark the point of time at which Cardan physician in question called attention to a certain book in which Cardan in writing the record of 1576, says that if Cardan''s life had been id: 5768 author: Williams, Sam title: Free as in Freedom: Richard Stallman''s Crusade for Free Software date: words: 75706.0 sentences: 4559.0 pages: flesch: 68.0 cache: ./cache/5768.txt txt: ./txt/5768.txt summary: Free As in Freedom: Richard Stallman''s Crusade for Free Software. "I do free software," Stallman says to rising laughter. Most importantly, Stallman says, software programs and high-quality software programs Stallman has built, program to examine another," says Stallman, recalling the Free Software Foundation, Stallman wisecracks, free software tools and programs for the GNU Project, When it comes to copyrighted works, Stallman says he Stallman, the hacker who coined the Twenex term, says the AI Lab''s hacker staff, Stallman says many of the if they restrict the use of these programs."See Richard Stallman, "The GNU the free software model, Stallman has held up the better software," says Stallman. distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.See Richard Stallman, et [Stallman''s] software, but also all of the other GNU According to Stallman, improving software programs was deference to Stallman and the Free Software Foundation Stallman was the software id: 812 author: nan title: Catalan''s Constant to 1,500,000 Places date: words: 19394.0 sentences: 18784.0 pages: flesch: 120.0 cache: ./cache/812.txt txt: ./txt/812.txt summary: See also: Catalan''s Constant [Ramanujan''s] PG#682 The algorithm used is the one presented by Greg Fee on ISSAC ''90 (using only integer arithmetic in the main loop). Again, I have verified the previous 1000100-digit value using LiDIA and text comparison. Best Thomas Papanikolaou Catalan constant to 1500000 digits computed on October 26, 1996 by using a Sun Sparc20 in 7 day 7 hour 14 min 52 sec 71 hsec The algorithm used is the standard series for Catalan, accelerated by an Euler transform as shown by Greg Fee, ACM 1990, Proceedings of the ISAAC conference, 1990, p. The algorithm was implemented using the LiDIA library for computational number theory and it will be part of the multiprecision floating-point arithmetic of the package in release 1.4. LiDIA is available from ftp://crypt1.cs.uni-sb.de/pub/systems/LiDIA/LiDIA-1.2.1.tgz http://www-jb.cs.uni-sb.de/LiDIA/linkhtml/lidia/lidia.html Calculating Catalan''s constant to 1500000 decimals Time required: 7 day 7 hour 14 min 52 sec 71 hsec Catalan = id: 634 author: nan title: Miscellaneous Mathematical Constants date: words: 8705.0 sentences: 6240.0 pages: flesch: 110.0 cache: ./cache/634.txt txt: ./txt/634.txt summary: gamma or Euler constant 170000 digits of gamma, as calculated from a value furnished by Jon Borwein. gamma or Euler constant is Lim(n->infinity) {sum(1/k,k=1..n) log(n)} The Euler constant squared to 2000 digits. The Euler constant squared to 2000 digits. gamma**(exp(1) to 1024 digits. gamma**(exp(1) to 1024 digits. gamma**(exp(1) to 1024 digits. gamma**(exp(1) to 1024 digits. 2**sqrt(2) a transcendental number to 2000 digits. 2**sqrt(2) a transcendental number to 2000 digits. Khinchin constant to 1024 digits. Khinchin constant to 1024 digits. The Lehmer constant to 1000 digits. The Lehmer constant to 1000 digits. -log(gamma) to 1024 digits. -log(gamma) to 1024 digits. exp(Pi*sqrt(163)), the Ramanujan number, in fact the n''th Tribonacci number is given by this EXACT formula. Zeta(3) or Apery constant to 2000 places. Zeta(3) or Apery constant to 2000 places. Zeta(5), the sum(1/n**5,n=1..infinity) to 512 digits. Zeta(5), the sum(1/n**5,n=1..infinity) to 512 digits. The number is 1.60140224354988761393325 (to 24 digits of precision). id: 633 author: nan title: The Golden Mean or Ratio[(1+sqrt(5))/2] To 20,000 places date: words: 3952.0 sentences: 3523.0 pages: flesch: 117.0 cache: ./cache/633.txt txt: ./txt/633.txt summary: Catalan evaluation 170000 digits of gamma or Euler constant Zeta(3) or Apery Constant The Gauss-Kusmin-Wirsing constant Landau-Ramanujan constant The golden ratio: (1+sqrt(5))/2 to 20000 places. As calculated by Greg Fee using Maple Release 3 standard Catalan evaluation. of CPU on a SGI R4000 machine. It comes from formula 34.1 of page 293 of Ramanujan Notebooks, The article of Greg Fee that took those formulas appear in Computation of Catalan''s constant using Ramanujan''s Formula, by catalan := 0. 170000 digits of gamma, as calculated from a value furnished by Jon Borwein. gamma or Euler constant is Lim(n->infinity) {sum(1/k,k=1..n) log(n)} The Backhouse constant calculated by Philippe Flajolet INRIA Paris to Zeta(3) or Apery constant to 2000 places. Feigenbaum bifurcation velocity constant Feigenbaum bifurcation velocity constant The Gauss-Kuzmin-Wirsing constant. Khinchin constant to 1024 digits. Landau-Ramanujan constant calculated by Philippe Flajolet INRIA Paris The twin primes constant. The twin primes constant. id: 2586 author: nan title: The First 498 Bernoulli Numbers date: words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: id: 2585 author: nan title: The First 1001 Fibonacci Numbers date: words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: id: 2583 author: nan title: The Value of Zeta(3) to 1,000,000 places date: words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: id: 2584 author: nan title: The First 1000 Euler Numbers date: words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: id: 58225 author: nan title: Primes to One Trillion date: words: 1608.0 sentences: 189.0 pages: flesch: 93.0 cache: ./cache/58225.txt txt: ./txt/58225.txt summary: primes the file contains: Move the required prime txt files to a temporary Prime Text Files Additional prime files will be posted here. PrimeC File Format and While working with primes, I developed the primec format, a file Analyzing Prime Numbers, a description of the content and use of 20 successive numbers can be specified in one 8 bit byte. files that use the same number for the upper boundary of the The primality of any number in the range of the file is If the number ends in 0, 2, 4, 5, 6, or 8, it is not prime. Within that byte, the primality of the value is specified by the bit, specifying the next prime number. Thus, a sequence of primes represented as primec is always BuildTxtPrime Create file of primes, txt format the C++ programming or the content of the prime files, send an The program files are also posted on ==== make-pages.sh questions ==== make-pages.sh search ==== make-pages.sh topic modeling corpus Zipping study carrel