id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
32307	1	1	generously	generously	RB
32307	1	2	made	make	VBN
32307	1	3	available	available	JJ
32307	1	4	by	by	IN
32307	1	5	The	the	DT
32307	1	6	Internet	Internet	NNP
32307	1	7	Archive	Archive	NNP
32307	1	8	/	/	SYM
32307	1	9	American	American	NNP
32307	1	10	Libraries	Libraries	NNPS
32307	1	11	.	.	.
32307	1	12	)	)	-RRB-
32307	2	1	A	a	DT
32307	2	2	BRIEF	BRIEF	NNP
32307	2	3	ACCOUNT	account	NN
32307	2	4	OF	of	IN
32307	2	5	RADIO	radio	NN
32307	2	6	-	-	HYPH
32307	2	7	ACTIVITY	activity	NN
32307	2	8	BY	by	IN
32307	2	9	FRANCIS	FRANCIS	NNP
32307	2	10	P.	P.	NNP
32307	2	11	VENABLE	VENABLE	NNP
32307	2	12	,	,	,
32307	2	13	PH.D.	PH.D.	NNP
32307	2	14	,	,	,
32307	2	15	D.SC	D.SC	NNP
32307	2	16	.	.	NNP
32307	2	17	,	,	,
32307	2	18	LL.D.	LL.D.	NNP
32307	3	1	PROFESSOR	PROFESSOR	NNS
32307	3	2	OF	of	IN
32307	3	3	CHEMISTRY	CHEMISTRY	NNP
32307	3	4	,	,	,
32307	3	5	UNIVERSITY	UNIVERSITY	NNP
32307	3	6	OF	of	IN
32307	3	7	NORTH	NORTH	NNP
32307	3	8	CAROLINA	CAROLINA	NNP
32307	3	9	AUTHOR	AUTHOR	NNP
32307	3	10	OF	of	IN
32307	3	11	"	"	``
32307	3	12	A	a	DT
32307	3	13	SHORT	short	JJ
32307	3	14	HISTORY	history	NN
32307	3	15	OF	of	IN
32307	3	16	CHEMISTRY	CHEMISTRY	NNP
32307	3	17	,	,	,
32307	3	18	"	"	''
32307	3	19	"	"	``
32307	3	20	PERIODIC	PERIODIC	NNP
32307	3	21	LAW	law	NN
32307	3	22	,	,	,
32307	3	23	"	"	''
32307	3	24	ETC	etc	FW
32307	3	25	.	.	.
32307	4	1	D.	D.	NNP
32307	4	2	C.	C.	NNP
32307	4	3	HEATH	HEATH	NNP
32307	4	4	&	&	CC
32307	4	5	CO	CO	NNP
32307	4	6	.	.	NNP
32307	4	7	,	,	,
32307	4	8	PUBLISHERS	PUBLISHERS	NNP
32307	4	9	BOSTON	BOSTON	NNP
32307	4	10	NEW	NEW	NNP
32307	4	11	YORK	YORK	NNP
32307	4	12	CHICAGO	CHICAGO	NNP
32307	4	13	COPYRIGHT	COPYRIGHT	NNS
32307	4	14	,	,	,
32307	4	15	1917	1917	CD
32307	4	16	,	,	,
32307	4	17	BY	BY	NNP
32307	4	18	D.	D.	NNP
32307	4	19	C.	C.	NNP
32307	4	20	HEATH	HEATH	NNP
32307	4	21	&	&	CC
32307	4	22	CO	CO	NNP
32307	4	23	.	.	.
32307	4	24	IA7	IA7	NNP
32307	4	25	PREFACE	PREFACE	NNP
32307	4	26	I	-PRON-	PRP
32307	4	27	have	have	VBP
32307	4	28	gathered	gather	VBN
32307	4	29	the	the	DT
32307	4	30	material	material	NN
32307	4	31	for	for	IN
32307	4	32	this	this	DT
32307	4	33	little	little	JJ
32307	4	34	book	book	NN
32307	4	35	because	because	IN
32307	4	36	I	-PRON-	PRP
32307	4	37	have	have	VBP
32307	4	38	found	find	VBN
32307	4	39	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	4	40	a	a	DT
32307	4	41	necessary	necessary	JJ
32307	4	42	filling	filling	NN
32307	4	43	out	out	IN
32307	4	44	of	of	IN
32307	4	45	the	the	DT
32307	4	46	course	course	NN
32307	4	47	for	for	IN
32307	4	48	my	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	4	49	class	class	NN
32307	4	50	in	in	IN
32307	4	51	general	general	JJ
32307	4	52	chemistry	chemistry	NN
32307	4	53	.	.	.
32307	5	1	Such	such	PDT
32307	5	2	a	a	DT
32307	5	3	course	course	NN
32307	5	4	dealing	deal	VBG
32307	5	5	with	with	IN
32307	5	6	the	the	DT
32307	5	7	composition	composition	NN
32307	5	8	and	and	CC
32307	5	9	structure	structure	NN
32307	5	10	of	of	IN
32307	5	11	matter	matter	NN
32307	5	12	is	be	VBZ
32307	5	13	left	leave	VBN
32307	5	14	unfinished	unfinished	JJ
32307	5	15	and	and	CC
32307	5	16	in	in	IN
32307	5	17	the	the	DT
32307	5	18	air	air	NN
32307	5	19	,	,	,
32307	5	20	as	as	IN
32307	5	21	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	5	22	were	be	VBD
32307	5	23	,	,	,
32307	5	24	unless	unless	IN
32307	5	25	the	the	DT
32307	5	26	marvellous	marvellous	JJ
32307	5	27	facts	fact	NNS
32307	5	28	and	and	CC
32307	5	29	deductions	deduction	NNS
32307	5	30	from	from	IN
32307	5	31	the	the	DT
32307	5	32	study	study	NN
32307	5	33	of	of	IN
32307	5	34	radio	radio	NN
32307	5	35	-	-	HYPH
32307	5	36	activity	activity	NN
32307	5	37	are	be	VBP
32307	5	38	presented	present	VBN
32307	5	39	and	and	CC
32307	5	40	discussed	discuss	VBN
32307	5	41	.	.	.
32307	6	1	The	the	DT
32307	6	2	usual	usual	JJ
32307	6	3	page	page	NN
32307	6	4	or	or	CC
32307	6	5	two	two	CD
32307	6	6	given	give	VBN
32307	6	7	in	in	IN
32307	6	8	the	the	DT
32307	6	9	present	present	JJ
32307	6	10	text	text	NN
32307	6	11	-	-	HYPH
32307	6	12	books	book	NNS
32307	6	13	are	be	VBP
32307	6	14	too	too	RB
32307	6	15	condensed	condense	VBN
32307	6	16	in	in	IN
32307	6	17	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	6	18	treatment	treatment	NN
32307	6	19	to	to	TO
32307	6	20	afford	afford	VB
32307	6	21	any	any	DT
32307	6	22	intelligent	intelligent	JJ
32307	6	23	grasp	grasp	NN
32307	6	24	of	of	IN
32307	6	25	the	the	DT
32307	6	26	subject	subject	NN
32307	6	27	,	,	,
32307	6	28	so	so	CC
32307	6	29	I	-PRON-	PRP
32307	6	30	have	have	VBP
32307	6	31	put	put	VBN
32307	6	32	in	in	IN
32307	6	33	book	book	NN
32307	6	34	form	form	VBP
32307	6	35	the	the	DT
32307	6	36	lectures	lecture	NNS
32307	6	37	which	which	WDT
32307	6	38	I	-PRON-	PRP
32307	6	39	have	have	VBP
32307	6	40	hitherto	hitherto	VBN
32307	6	41	felt	feel	VBN
32307	6	42	forced	force	VBN
32307	6	43	to	to	TO
32307	6	44	give	give	VB
32307	6	45	.	.	.
32307	7	1	Perhaps	perhaps	RB
32307	7	2	the	the	DT
32307	7	3	book	book	NN
32307	7	4	may	may	MD
32307	7	5	prove	prove	VB
32307	7	6	useful	useful	JJ
32307	7	7	also	also	RB
32307	7	8	to	to	IN
32307	7	9	busy	busy	JJ
32307	7	10	men	man	NNS
32307	7	11	in	in	IN
32307	7	12	other	other	JJ
32307	7	13	branches	branch	NNS
32307	7	14	of	of	IN
32307	7	15	science	science	NN
32307	7	16	who	who	WP
32307	7	17	wish	wish	VBP
32307	7	18	to	to	TO
32307	7	19	know	know	VB
32307	7	20	something	something	NN
32307	7	21	of	of	IN
32307	7	22	radio	radio	NN
32307	7	23	-	-	HYPH
32307	7	24	activity	activity	NN
32307	7	25	and	and	CC
32307	7	26	have	have	VBP
32307	7	27	scant	scant	JJ
32307	7	28	leisure	leisure	NN
32307	7	29	in	in	IN
32307	7	30	which	which	WDT
32307	7	31	to	to	TO
32307	7	32	read	read	VB
32307	7	33	the	the	DT
32307	7	34	larger	large	JJR
32307	7	35	treatises	treatise	NNS
32307	7	36	.	.	.
32307	8	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	8	2	is	be	VBZ
32307	8	3	needless	needless	JJ
32307	8	4	to	to	TO
32307	8	5	say	say	VB
32307	8	6	that	that	IN
32307	8	7	there	there	EX
32307	8	8	is	be	VBZ
32307	8	9	nothing	nothing	NN
32307	8	10	original	original	JJ
32307	8	11	in	in	IN
32307	8	12	the	the	DT
32307	8	13	book	book	NN
32307	8	14	unless	unless	IN
32307	8	15	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	8	16	be	be	VBP
32307	8	17	in	in	IN
32307	8	18	part	part	NN
32307	8	19	the	the	DT
32307	8	20	grouping	grouping	NN
32307	8	21	of	of	IN
32307	8	22	facts	fact	NNS
32307	8	23	and	and	CC
32307	8	24	order	order	NN
32307	8	25	of	of	IN
32307	8	26	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	8	27	treatment	treatment	NN
32307	8	28	.	.	.
32307	9	1	I	-PRON-	PRP
32307	9	2	have	have	VBP
32307	9	3	made	make	VBN
32307	9	4	free	free	JJ
32307	9	5	use	use	NN
32307	9	6	of	of	IN
32307	9	7	the	the	DT
32307	9	8	writings	writing	NNS
32307	9	9	of	of	IN
32307	9	10	Rutherford	Rutherford	NNP
32307	9	11	,	,	,
32307	9	12	Soddy	Soddy	NNP
32307	9	13	,	,	,
32307	9	14	and	and	CC
32307	9	15	J.	J.	NNP
32307	9	16	J.	J.	NNP
32307	9	17	Thomson	Thomson	NNP
32307	9	18	,	,	,
32307	9	19	and	and	CC
32307	9	20	would	would	MD
32307	9	21	here	here	RB
32307	9	22	express	express	VB
32307	9	23	my	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	9	24	debt	debt	NN
32307	9	25	to	to	IN
32307	9	26	them	-PRON-	PRP
32307	9	27	--	--	:
32307	9	28	just	just	RB
32307	9	29	a	a	DT
32307	9	30	part	part	NN
32307	9	31	of	of	IN
32307	9	32	that	that	DT
32307	9	33	indebtedness	indebtedness	NN
32307	9	34	which	which	WDT
32307	9	35	we	-PRON-	PRP
32307	9	36	all	all	DT
32307	9	37	feel	feel	VBP
32307	9	38	to	to	IN
32307	9	39	these	these	DT
32307	9	40	masters	master	NNS
32307	9	41	.	.	.
32307	10	1	I	-PRON-	PRP
32307	10	2	wish	wish	VBP
32307	10	3	also	also	RB
32307	10	4	to	to	TO
32307	10	5	acknowledge	acknowledge	VB
32307	10	6	my	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	10	7	obligations	obligation	NNS
32307	10	8	to	to	IN
32307	10	9	Professor	Professor	NNP
32307	10	10	Bertram	Bertram	NNP
32307	10	11	B.	B.	NNP
32307	10	12	Boltwood	Boltwood	NNP
32307	10	13	for	for	IN
32307	10	14	his	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	10	15	helpful	helpful	JJ
32307	10	16	suggestions	suggestion	NNS
32307	10	17	in	in	IN
32307	10	18	connection	connection	NN
32307	10	19	with	with	IN
32307	10	20	this	this	DT
32307	10	21	work	work	NN
32307	10	22	.	.	.
32307	11	1	CONTENTS	content	NNS
32307	11	2	CHAPTER	CHAPTER	NNP
32307	11	3	I	-PRON-	PRP
32307	11	4	DISCOVERY	discovery	VBP
32307	11	5	OF	of	IN
32307	11	6	RADIO	radio	NN
32307	11	7	-	-	HYPH
32307	11	8	ACTIVITY	activity	NN
32307	11	9	PAGE	page	NN
32307	11	10	The	the	DT
32307	11	11	beginning	beginning	NN
32307	11	12	--	--	:
32307	11	13	Radio	radio	NN
32307	11	14	-	-	HYPH
32307	11	15	active	active	JJ
32307	11	16	bodies	body	NNS
32307	11	17	--	--	:
32307	11	18	An	an	DT
32307	11	19	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	11	20	property	property	NN
32307	11	21	--	--	:
32307	11	22	Discovery	Discovery	NNP
32307	11	23	of	of	IN
32307	11	24	new	new	JJ
32307	11	25	radio	radio	NN
32307	11	26	-	-	HYPH
32307	11	27	active	active	JJ
32307	11	28	bodies	body	NNS
32307	11	29	--	--	:
32307	11	30	Discovery	Discovery	NNP
32307	11	31	of	of	IN
32307	11	32	Polonium	Polonium	NNP
32307	11	33	--	--	:
32307	11	34	Discovery	Discovery	NNP
32307	11	35	of	of	IN
32307	11	36	Radium	Radium	NNP
32307	11	37	--	--	:
32307	11	38	Other	other	JJ
32307	11	39	radio	radio	NN
32307	11	40	-	-	HYPH
32307	11	41	active	active	JJ
32307	11	42	bodies	body	NNS
32307	11	43	found	find	VBD
32307	11	44	1	1	CD
32307	11	45	CHAPTER	chapter	NN
32307	11	46	II	II	NNP
32307	11	47	PROPERTIES	property	NNS
32307	11	48	OF	of	IN
32307	11	49	THE	the	DT
32307	11	50	RADIATIONS	radiation	NNS
32307	11	51	Ionization	ionization	NN
32307	11	52	of	of	IN
32307	11	53	Gases	gas	NNS
32307	11	54	--	--	:
32307	11	55	Experimental	experimental	JJ
32307	11	56	confirmation	confirmation	NN
32307	11	57	--	--	:
32307	11	58	Application	application	NN
32307	11	59	of	of	IN
32307	11	60	electric	electric	JJ
32307	11	61	field	field	NN
32307	11	62	--	--	:
32307	11	63	Size	size	NN
32307	11	64	and	and	CC
32307	11	65	nature	nature	NN
32307	11	66	of	of	IN
32307	11	67	ions	ion	NNS
32307	11	68	--	--	:
32307	11	69	Photographing	photograph	VBG
32307	11	70	the	the	DT
32307	11	71	track	track	NN
32307	11	72	of	of	IN
32307	11	73	the	the	DT
32307	11	74	ray	ray	NN
32307	11	75	--	--	:
32307	11	76	Action	action	NN
32307	11	77	of	of	IN
32307	11	78	radiations	radiation	NNS
32307	11	79	on	on	IN
32307	11	80	photographic	photographic	JJ
32307	11	81	plates	plate	NNS
32307	11	82	--	--	:
32307	11	83	Discharge	discharge	NN
32307	11	84	of	of	IN
32307	11	85	electrified	electrify	VBN
32307	11	86	bodies	body	NNS
32307	11	87	--	--	:
32307	11	88	Scintillations	scintillation	NNS
32307	11	89	on	on	IN
32307	11	90	phosphorescent	phosphorescent	JJ
32307	11	91	bodies	body	NNS
32307	11	92	--	--	:
32307	11	93	Penetrating	penetrating	NN
32307	11	94	power	power	NN
32307	11	95	--	--	:
32307	11	96	Magnetic	magnetic	JJ
32307	11	97	deflection	deflection	NN
32307	11	98	--	--	:
32307	11	99	Three	three	CD
32307	11	100	types	type	NNS
32307	11	101	of	of	IN
32307	11	102	rays	ray	NNS
32307	11	103	--	--	:
32307	11	104	Alpha	alpha	NN
32307	11	105	rays	ray	NNS
32307	11	106	--	--	:
32307	11	107	Beta	beta	NN
32307	11	108	rays	ray	NNS
32307	11	109	--	--	:
32307	11	110	Gamma	gamma	NN
32307	11	111	rays	ray	NNS
32307	11	112	--	--	:
32307	11	113	Measurement	Measurement	NNP
32307	11	114	of	of	IN
32307	11	115	radiations	radiation	NNS
32307	11	116	--	--	:
32307	11	117	Identifications	identification	NNS
32307	11	118	of	of	IN
32307	11	119	the	the	DT
32307	11	120	rays	ray	NNS
32307	11	121	7	7	CD
32307	11	122	CHAPTER	CHAPTER	NNP
32307	11	123	III	iii	CD
32307	11	124	CHANGES	change	VBN
32307	11	125	IN	in	IN
32307	11	126	RADIO	radio	NN
32307	11	127	-	-	HYPH
32307	11	128	ACTIVE	active	NN
32307	11	129	BODIES	body	NNS
32307	11	130	Radio	radio	NN
32307	11	131	-	-	HYPH
32307	11	132	activity	activity	NN
32307	11	133	a	a	DT
32307	11	134	permanent	permanent	JJ
32307	11	135	property	property	NN
32307	11	136	--	--	:
32307	11	137	Induced	induced	JJ
32307	11	138	activity	activity	NN
32307	11	139	--	--	:
32307	11	140	Discovery	Discovery	NNP
32307	11	141	of	of	IN
32307	11	142	Uranium	Uranium	NNP
32307	11	143	X	X	NNP
32307	11	144	--	--	:
32307	11	145	Conclusions	conclusion	NNS
32307	11	146	drawn	draw	VBN
32307	11	147	--	--	.
32307	11	148	Search	search	VB
32307	11	149	for	for	IN
32307	11	150	new	new	JJ
32307	11	151	radio	radio	NN
32307	11	152	-	-	HYPH
32307	11	153	active	active	JJ
32307	11	154	bodies	body	NNS
32307	11	155	--	--	:
32307	11	156	Methods	method	NNS
32307	11	157	of	of	IN
32307	11	158	investigation	investigation	NN
32307	11	159	--	--	:
32307	11	160	Nature	nature	NN
32307	11	161	of	of	IN
32307	11	162	the	the	DT
32307	11	163	radiations	radiation	NNS
32307	11	164	--	--	:
32307	11	165	Life	life	NN
32307	11	166	-	-	HYPH
32307	11	167	periods	period	NNS
32307	11	168	--	--	:
32307	11	169	Equilibrium	equilibrium	NN
32307	11	170	series	series	NN
32307	11	171	17	17	CD
32307	11	172	CHAPTER	CHAPTER	NNP
32307	11	173	IV	IV	NNP
32307	11	174	NATURE	NATURE	NNS
32307	11	175	OF	of	IN
32307	11	176	THE	the	DT
32307	11	177	ALPHA	ALPHA	NNP
32307	11	178	PARTICLE	PARTICLE	NNP
32307	11	179	Disintegrating	disintegrating	NN
32307	11	180	of	of	IN
32307	11	181	the	the	DT
32307	11	182	elements	element	NNS
32307	11	183	--	--	:
32307	11	184	Identification	identification	NN
32307	11	185	of	of	IN
32307	11	186	the	the	DT
32307	11	187	rays	ray	NNS
32307	11	188	--	--	:
32307	11	189	The	the	DT
32307	11	190	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	11	191	rays	ray	NNS
32307	11	192	--	--	:
32307	11	193	Alpha	alpha	NN
32307	11	194	rays	ray	NNS
32307	11	195	consist	consist	VBP
32307	11	196	of	of	IN
32307	11	197	solid	solid	JJ
32307	11	198	particles	particle	NNS
32307	11	199	--	--	:
32307	11	200	Electrical	electrical	JJ
32307	11	201	charge	charge	NN
32307	11	202	--	--	.
32307	11	203	Helium	helium	NN
32307	11	204	formed	form	VBD
32307	11	205	from	from	IN
32307	11	206	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	11	207	particles	particle	NNS
32307	11	208	--	--	:
32307	11	209	Discovery	Discovery	NNP
32307	11	210	of	of	IN
32307	11	211	Helium	Helium	NNP
32307	11	212	--	--	:
32307	11	213	Characteristics	Characteristics	NNP
32307	11	214	of	of	IN
32307	11	215	Helium	Helium	NNP
32307	11	216	--	--	:
32307	11	217	Table	table	NN
32307	11	218	of	of	IN
32307	11	219	constants	constant	NNS
32307	11	220	25	25	CD
32307	11	221	CHAPTER	chapter	NN
32307	11	222	V	v	NN
32307	11	223	THE	the	DT
32307	11	224	STRUCTURE	structure	NN
32307	11	225	OF	of	IN
32307	11	226	THE	the	DT
32307	11	227	ATOM	ATOM	NNP
32307	11	228	Properties	Properties	NNPS
32307	11	229	of	of	IN
32307	11	230	Radium	Radium	NNP
32307	11	231	--	--	:
32307	11	232	Energy	Energy	NNP
32307	11	233	evolved	evolve	VBN
32307	11	234	by	by	IN
32307	11	235	radium	radium	NN
32307	11	236	--	--	:
32307	11	237	Necessity	necessity	NN
32307	11	238	for	for	IN
32307	11	239	a	a	DT
32307	11	240	disintegration	disintegration	NN
32307	11	241	theory	theory	NN
32307	11	242	--	--	:
32307	11	243	Disintegration	disintegration	NN
32307	11	244	theory	theory	NN
32307	11	245	--	--	:
32307	11	246	Constitution	Constitution	NNP
32307	11	247	of	of	IN
32307	11	248	the	the	DT
32307	11	249	atom	atom	NN
32307	11	250	--	--	:
32307	11	251	Rutherford	Rutherford	NNP
32307	11	252	's	's	POS
32307	11	253	atom	atom	NN
32307	11	254	--	--	:
32307	11	255	Scattering	scatter	VBG
32307	11	256	of	of	IN
32307	11	257	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	11	258	particles	particle	NNS
32307	11	259	--	--	:
32307	11	260	Stopping	stop	VBG
32307	11	261	power	power	NN
32307	11	262	of	of	IN
32307	11	263	substances	substance	NNS
32307	11	264	32	32	CD
32307	11	265	CHAPTER	chapter	NN
32307	11	266	VI	VI	NNP
32307	11	267	RADIO	radio	NN
32307	11	268	-	-	HYPH
32307	11	269	ACTIVITY	activity	NN
32307	11	270	AND	and	CC
32307	11	271	CHEMICAL	chemical	NN
32307	11	272	THEORY	THEORY	NNS
32307	11	273	Influence	influence	NN
32307	11	274	upon	upon	IN
32307	11	275	chemical	chemical	NN
32307	11	276	theory	theory	NN
32307	11	277	--	--	:
32307	11	278	The	the	DT
32307	11	279	periodic	periodic	JJ
32307	11	280	system	system	NN
32307	11	281	--	--	:
32307	11	282	Basis	basis	NN
32307	11	283	of	of	IN
32307	11	284	the	the	DT
32307	11	285	periodic	periodic	JJ
32307	11	286	system	system	NN
32307	11	287	--	--	:
32307	11	288	Influence	influence	NN
32307	11	289	of	of	IN
32307	11	290	positive	positive	JJ
32307	11	291	nucleus	nucleus	NN
32307	11	292	--	--	:
32307	11	293	Determination	determination	NN
32307	11	294	of	of	IN
32307	11	295	the	the	DT
32307	11	296	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	11	297	number	number	NN
32307	11	298	--	--	:
32307	11	299	Use	Use	NNP
32307	11	300	of	of	IN
32307	11	301	X	X	NNP
32307	11	302	-	-	NN
32307	11	303	ray	ray	NN
32307	11	304	spectra	spectra	NN
32307	11	305	--	--	:
32307	11	306	Changes	change	NNS
32307	11	307	caused	cause	VBN
32307	11	308	by	by	IN
32307	11	309	ray	ray	NN
32307	11	310	-	-	HYPH
32307	11	311	emission	emission	NN
32307	11	312	--	--	:
32307	11	313	Atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	11	314	weight	weight	NN
32307	11	315	losses	loss	NNS
32307	11	316	--	--	:
32307	11	317	Lead	lead	VB
32307	11	318	the	the	DT
32307	11	319	end	end	NN
32307	11	320	product	product	NN
32307	11	321	--	--	:
32307	11	322	Changes	change	NNS
32307	11	323	of	of	IN
32307	11	324	position	position	NN
32307	11	325	in	in	IN
32307	11	326	the	the	DT
32307	11	327	periodic	periodic	JJ
32307	11	328	system	system	NN
32307	11	329	--	--	:
32307	11	330	Changes	change	NNS
32307	11	331	from	from	IN
32307	11	332	loss	loss	NN
32307	11	333	of	of	IN
32307	11	334	beta	beta	JJ
32307	11	335	particles	particle	NNS
32307	11	336	--	--	:
32307	11	337	Isotopes	Isotopes	NNP
32307	11	338	--	--	:
32307	11	339	Radio	radio	NN
32307	11	340	-	-	HYPH
32307	11	341	activity	activity	NN
32307	11	342	in	in	IN
32307	11	343	nature	nature	NN
32307	11	344	--	--	:
32307	11	345	Radio	radio	NN
32307	11	346	-	-	HYPH
32307	11	347	active	active	JJ
32307	11	348	products	product	NNS
32307	11	349	in	in	IN
32307	11	350	the	the	DT
32307	11	351	earth	earth	NN
32307	11	352	's	's	POS
32307	11	353	crust	crust	NN
32307	11	354	--	--	.
32307	11	355	Presence	presence	NN
32307	11	356	in	in	IN
32307	11	357	air	air	NN
32307	11	358	and	and	CC
32307	11	359	soil	soil	NN
32307	11	360	waters	water	NNS
32307	11	361	--	--	:
32307	11	362	Cosmical	cosmical	JJ
32307	11	363	radio	radio	NN
32307	11	364	-	-	HYPH
32307	11	365	activity	activity	NN
32307	11	366	41	41	CD
32307	11	367	INDEX	index	NN
32307	11	368	53	53	CD
32307	11	369	A	a	DT
32307	11	370	BRIEF	BRIEF	NNP
32307	11	371	ACCOUNT	account	NN
32307	11	372	OF	of	IN
32307	11	373	RADIO	radio	NN
32307	11	374	-	-	HYPH
32307	11	375	ACTIVITY	activity	NN
32307	11	376	CHAPTER	chapter	NN
32307	11	377	I	-PRON-	PRP
32307	11	378	DISCOVERY	discovery	VBP
32307	11	379	OF	of	IN
32307	11	380	RADIO	radio	NN
32307	11	381	-	-	HYPH
32307	11	382	ACTIVITY	activity	NN
32307	11	383	The	the	DT
32307	11	384	object	object	NN
32307	11	385	of	of	IN
32307	11	386	this	this	DT
32307	11	387	brief	brief	JJ
32307	11	388	treatise	treatise	NN
32307	11	389	is	be	VBZ
32307	11	390	to	to	TO
32307	11	391	give	give	VB
32307	11	392	a	a	DT
32307	11	393	simple	simple	JJ
32307	11	394	account	account	NN
32307	11	395	of	of	IN
32307	11	396	the	the	DT
32307	11	397	development	development	NN
32307	11	398	of	of	IN
32307	11	399	our	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	11	400	knowledge	knowledge	NN
32307	11	401	of	of	IN
32307	11	402	radio	radio	NN
32307	11	403	-	-	HYPH
32307	11	404	activity	activity	NN
32307	11	405	and	and	CC
32307	11	406	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	11	407	bearing	bearing	NN
32307	11	408	on	on	IN
32307	11	409	chemical	chemical	JJ
32307	11	410	and	and	CC
32307	11	411	physical	physical	JJ
32307	11	412	science	science	NN
32307	11	413	.	.	.
32307	12	1	Mathematical	mathematical	JJ
32307	12	2	processes	process	NNS
32307	12	3	will	will	MD
32307	12	4	be	be	VB
32307	12	5	omitted	omit	VBN
32307	12	6	,	,	,
32307	12	7	as	as	IN
32307	12	8	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	12	9	is	be	VBZ
32307	12	10	sufficient	sufficient	JJ
32307	12	11	to	to	TO
32307	12	12	give	give	VB
32307	12	13	the	the	DT
32307	12	14	assured	assure	VBN
32307	12	15	results	result	NNS
32307	12	16	from	from	IN
32307	12	17	calculations	calculation	NNS
32307	12	18	which	which	WDT
32307	12	19	are	be	VBP
32307	12	20	likely	likely	JJ
32307	12	21	to	to	TO
32307	12	22	be	be	VB
32307	12	23	beyond	beyond	IN
32307	12	24	the	the	DT
32307	12	25	training	training	NN
32307	12	26	of	of	IN
32307	12	27	the	the	DT
32307	12	28	reader	reader	NN
32307	12	29	.	.	.
32307	13	1	Experimental	experimental	JJ
32307	13	2	evidence	evidence	NN
32307	13	3	will	will	MD
32307	13	4	be	be	VB
32307	13	5	given	give	VBN
32307	13	6	in	in	IN
32307	13	7	detail	detail	NN
32307	13	8	wherever	wherever	WRB
32307	13	9	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	13	10	is	be	VBZ
32307	13	11	fundamental	fundamental	JJ
32307	13	12	and	and	CC
32307	13	13	necessary	necessary	JJ
32307	13	14	to	to	IN
32307	13	15	a	a	DT
32307	13	16	confident	confident	JJ
32307	13	17	grasp	grasp	NN
32307	13	18	of	of	IN
32307	13	19	some	some	DT
32307	13	20	of	of	IN
32307	13	21	the	the	DT
32307	13	22	marvelous	marvelous	JJ
32307	13	23	deductions	deduction	NNS
32307	13	24	in	in	IN
32307	13	25	this	this	DT
32307	13	26	new	new	JJ
32307	13	27	branch	branch	NN
32307	13	28	of	of	IN
32307	13	29	science	science	NN
32307	13	30	.	.	.
32307	14	1	Theories	theory	NNS
32307	14	2	can	can	MD
32307	14	3	not	not	RB
32307	14	4	be	be	VB
32307	14	5	avoided	avoid	VBN
32307	14	6	,	,	,
32307	14	7	but	but	CC
32307	14	8	the	the	DT
32307	14	9	facts	fact	NNS
32307	14	10	remain	remain	VBP
32307	14	11	while	while	IN
32307	14	12	theories	theory	NNS
32307	14	13	grow	grow	VBP
32307	14	14	old	old	JJ
32307	14	15	and	and	CC
32307	14	16	are	be	VBP
32307	14	17	discarded	discard	VBN
32307	14	18	for	for	IN
32307	14	19	others	other	NNS
32307	14	20	more	more	RBR
32307	14	21	in	in	IN
32307	14	22	accord	accord	NN
32307	14	23	with	with	IN
32307	14	24	the	the	DT
32307	14	25	facts	fact	NNS
32307	14	26	.	.	.
32307	15	1	The	the	DT
32307	15	2	Beginning	beginning	NN
32307	15	3	As	as	IN
32307	15	4	so	so	RB
32307	15	5	often	often	RB
32307	15	6	happens	happen	VBZ
32307	15	7	in	in	IN
32307	15	8	the	the	DT
32307	15	9	history	history	NN
32307	15	10	of	of	IN
32307	15	11	science	science	NN
32307	15	12	,	,	,
32307	15	13	the	the	DT
32307	15	14	opening	opening	NN
32307	15	15	up	up	RP
32307	15	16	of	of	IN
32307	15	17	this	this	DT
32307	15	18	new	new	JJ
32307	15	19	field	field	NN
32307	15	20	with	with	IN
32307	15	21	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	15	22	fascinating	fascinating	JJ
32307	15	23	disclosures	disclosure	NNS
32307	15	24	was	be	VBD
32307	15	25	due	due	JJ
32307	15	26	to	to	IN
32307	15	27	an	an	DT
32307	15	28	investigation	investigation	NN
32307	15	29	undertaken	undertake	VBN
32307	15	30	for	for	IN
32307	15	31	another	another	DT
32307	15	32	purpose	purpose	NN
32307	15	33	but	but	CC
32307	15	34	painstakingly	painstakingly	RB
32307	15	35	carried	carry	VBD
32307	15	36	out	out	RP
32307	15	37	with	with	IN
32307	15	38	a	a	DT
32307	15	39	mind	mind	NN
32307	15	40	open	open	JJ
32307	15	41	to	to	IN
32307	15	42	the	the	DT
32307	15	43	truth	truth	NN
32307	15	44	wherever	wherever	WRB
32307	15	45	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	15	46	might	may	MD
32307	15	47	lead	lead	VB
32307	15	48	.	.	.
32307	16	1	In	in	IN
32307	16	2	1895	1895	CD
32307	16	3	,	,	,
32307	16	4	Röntgen	Röntgen	NNP
32307	16	5	modestly	modestly	RB
32307	16	6	announced	announce	VBD
32307	16	7	his	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	16	8	discovery	discovery	NN
32307	16	9	of	of	IN
32307	16	10	the	the	DT
32307	16	11	_	_	NNP
32307	16	12	X	X	NNP
32307	16	13	_	_	NNP
32307	16	14	rays	ray	NNS
32307	16	15	.	.	.
32307	17	1	This	this	DT
32307	17	2	attracted	attract	VBD
32307	17	3	immediate	immediate	JJ
32307	17	4	and	and	CC
32307	17	5	intense	intense	JJ
32307	17	6	interest	interest	NN
32307	17	7	.	.	.
32307	18	1	Among	among	IN
32307	18	2	those	those	DT
32307	18	3	who	who	WP
32307	18	4	undertook	undertake	VBD
32307	18	5	to	to	TO
32307	18	6	follow	follow	VB
32307	18	7	up	up	RP
32307	18	8	these	these	DT
32307	18	9	phenomena	phenomenon	NNS
32307	18	10	was	be	VBD
32307	18	11	Becquerel	Becquerel	NNP
32307	18	12	,	,	,
32307	18	13	who	who	WP
32307	18	14	,	,	,
32307	18	15	because	because	IN
32307	18	16	of	of	IN
32307	18	17	the	the	DT
32307	18	18	apparent	apparent	JJ
32307	18	19	connection	connection	NN
32307	18	20	with	with	IN
32307	18	21	phosphorescence	phosphorescence	NN
32307	18	22	,	,	,
32307	18	23	tried	try	VBD
32307	18	24	the	the	DT
32307	18	25	action	action	NN
32307	18	26	of	of	IN
32307	18	27	a	a	DT
32307	18	28	number	number	NN
32307	18	29	of	of	IN
32307	18	30	phosphorescent	phosphorescent	JJ
32307	18	31	substances	substance	NNS
32307	18	32	upon	upon	IN
32307	18	33	the	the	DT
32307	18	34	photographic	photographic	JJ
32307	18	35	plate	plate	NN
32307	18	36	,	,	,
32307	18	37	the	the	DT
32307	18	38	most	most	RBS
32307	18	39	striking	striking	JJ
32307	18	40	characteristic	characteristic	NN
32307	18	41	of	of	IN
32307	18	42	the	the	DT
32307	18	43	_	_	NNP
32307	18	44	X	X	NNP
32307	18	45	_	_	NNP
32307	18	46	rays	ray	NNS
32307	18	47	being	be	VBG
32307	18	48	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	18	49	effect	effect	NN
32307	18	50	upon	upon	IN
32307	18	51	such	such	JJ
32307	18	52	sensitive	sensitive	JJ
32307	18	53	plates	plate	NNS
32307	18	54	.	.	.
32307	19	1	In	in	IN
32307	19	2	these	these	DT
32307	19	3	experiments	experiment	NNS
32307	19	4	he	-PRON-	PRP
32307	19	5	obtained	obtain	VBD
32307	19	6	no	no	DT
32307	19	7	results	result	NNS
32307	19	8	until	until	IN
32307	19	9	he	-PRON-	PRP
32307	19	10	tried	try	VBD
32307	19	11	salts	salt	NNS
32307	19	12	of	of	IN
32307	19	13	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	19	14	,	,	,
32307	19	15	recalling	recall	VBG
32307	19	16	previous	previous	JJ
32307	19	17	observations	observation	NNS
32307	19	18	of	of	IN
32307	19	19	his	-PRON-	PRP
32307	19	20	as	as	IN
32307	19	21	to	to	IN
32307	19	22	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	19	23	phosphorescence	phosphorescence	NN
32307	19	24	.	.	.
32307	20	1	Distinct	distinct	JJ
32307	20	2	action	action	NN
32307	20	3	was	be	VBD
32307	20	4	noted	note	VBN
32307	20	5	.	.	.
32307	21	1	Furthermore	furthermore	RB
32307	21	2	,	,	,
32307	21	3	he	-PRON-	PRP
32307	21	4	proved	prove	VBD
32307	21	5	that	that	IN
32307	21	6	this	this	DT
32307	21	7	had	have	VBD
32307	21	8	no	no	DT
32307	21	9	connection	connection	NN
32307	21	10	with	with	IN
32307	21	11	the	the	DT
32307	21	12	phenomenon	phenomenon	NN
32307	21	13	of	of	IN
32307	21	14	phosphorescence	phosphorescence	NN
32307	21	15	,	,	,
32307	21	16	as	as	IN
32307	21	17	both	both	DT
32307	21	18	uranic	uranic	JJ
32307	21	19	and	and	CC
32307	21	20	uranous	uranous	JJ
32307	21	21	salts	salt	NNS
32307	21	22	were	be	VBD
32307	21	23	active	active	JJ
32307	21	24	and	and	CC
32307	21	25	the	the	DT
32307	21	26	latter	latter	JJ
32307	21	27	show	show	NN
32307	21	28	no	no	DT
32307	21	29	phosphorescence	phosphorescence	NN
32307	21	30	.	.	.
32307	22	1	Becquerel	Becquerel	NNP
32307	22	2	announced	announce	VBD
32307	22	3	his	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	22	4	discoveries	discovery	NNS
32307	22	5	in	in	IN
32307	22	6	1896	1896	CD
32307	22	7	and	and	CC
32307	22	8	this	this	DT
32307	22	9	was	be	VBD
32307	22	10	the	the	DT
32307	22	11	beginning	beginning	NN
32307	22	12	of	of	IN
32307	22	13	the	the	DT
32307	22	14	new	new	JJ
32307	22	15	science	science	NN
32307	22	16	of	of	IN
32307	22	17	radio	radio	NN
32307	22	18	-	-	HYPH
32307	22	19	activity	activity	NN
32307	22	20	.	.	.
32307	23	1	Radio	radio	NN
32307	23	2	-	-	HYPH
32307	23	3	active	active	JJ
32307	23	4	bodies	body	NNS
32307	23	5	The	the	DT
32307	23	6	rays	ray	NNS
32307	23	7	given	give	VBN
32307	23	8	off	off	RP
32307	23	9	by	by	IN
32307	23	10	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	23	11	and	and	CC
32307	23	12	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	23	13	salts	salt	NNS
32307	23	14	were	be	VBD
32307	23	15	found	find	VBN
32307	23	16	to	to	TO
32307	23	17	differ	differ	VB
32307	23	18	from	from	IN
32307	23	19	the	the	DT
32307	23	20	_	_	NNP
32307	23	21	X	X	NNP
32307	23	22	_	_	NNP
32307	23	23	rays	ray	NNS
32307	23	24	.	.	.
32307	24	1	They	-PRON-	PRP
32307	24	2	showed	show	VBD
32307	24	3	no	no	DT
32307	24	4	appreciable	appreciable	JJ
32307	24	5	variation	variation	NN
32307	24	6	in	in	IN
32307	24	7	intensity	intensity	NN
32307	24	8	,	,	,
32307	24	9	no	no	DT
32307	24	10	previous	previous	JJ
32307	24	11	exposure	exposure	NN
32307	24	12	of	of	IN
32307	24	13	the	the	DT
32307	24	14	substance	substance	NN
32307	24	15	to	to	IN
32307	24	16	light	light	NN
32307	24	17	was	be	VBD
32307	24	18	necessary	necessary	JJ
32307	24	19	,	,	,
32307	24	20	and	and	CC
32307	24	21	neither	neither	DT
32307	24	22	changes	change	NNS
32307	24	23	of	of	IN
32307	24	24	temperature	temperature	NN
32307	24	25	nor	nor	CC
32307	24	26	any	any	DT
32307	24	27	other	other	JJ
32307	24	28	physical	physical	JJ
32307	24	29	or	or	CC
32307	24	30	chemical	chemical	JJ
32307	24	31	agency	agency	NN
32307	24	32	affected	affect	VBD
32307	24	33	them	-PRON-	PRP
32307	24	34	.	.	.
32307	25	1	At	at	IN
32307	25	2	first	first	JJ
32307	25	3	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	25	4	and	and	CC
32307	25	5	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	25	6	compounds	compound	NNS
32307	25	7	were	be	VBD
32307	25	8	the	the	DT
32307	25	9	only	only	JJ
32307	25	10	known	know	VBN
32307	25	11	source	source	NN
32307	25	12	of	of	IN
32307	25	13	these	these	DT
32307	25	14	new	new	JJ
32307	25	15	radiations	radiation	NNS
32307	25	16	,	,	,
32307	25	17	but	but	CC
32307	25	18	many	many	JJ
32307	25	19	other	other	JJ
32307	25	20	substances	substance	NNS
32307	25	21	were	be	VBD
32307	25	22	examined	examine	VBN
32307	25	23	and	and	CC
32307	25	24	two	two	CD
32307	25	25	years	year	NNS
32307	25	26	later	later	RB
32307	25	27	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	25	28	and	and	CC
32307	25	29	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	25	30	compounds	compound	NNS
32307	25	31	were	be	VBD
32307	25	32	added	add	VBN
32307	25	33	to	to	IN
32307	25	34	the	the	DT
32307	25	35	list	list	NN
32307	25	36	.	.	.
32307	26	1	In	in	IN
32307	26	2	general	general	JJ
32307	26	3	the	the	DT
32307	26	4	discharging	discharging	NN
32307	26	5	action	action	NN
32307	26	6	seemed	seem	VBD
32307	26	7	about	about	IN
32307	26	8	the	the	DT
32307	26	9	same	same	JJ
32307	26	10	.	.	.
32307	27	1	Other	other	JJ
32307	27	2	elements	element	NNS
32307	27	3	and	and	CC
32307	27	4	ordinary	ordinary	JJ
32307	27	5	substances	substance	NNS
32307	27	6	show	show	VBP
32307	27	7	a	a	DT
32307	27	8	minute	minute	NN
32307	27	9	activity	activity	NN
32307	27	10	.	.	.
32307	28	1	Only	only	JJ
32307	28	2	potassium	potassium	NN
32307	28	3	and	and	CC
32307	28	4	rubidium	rubidium	NN
32307	28	5	have	have	VBP
32307	28	6	a	a	DT
32307	28	7	greater	great	JJR
32307	28	8	activity	activity	NN
32307	28	9	than	than	IN
32307	28	10	this	this	DT
32307	28	11	,	,	,
32307	28	12	and	and	CC
32307	28	13	theirs	-PRON-	PRP
32307	28	14	is	be	VBZ
32307	28	15	only	only	RB
32307	28	16	about	about	RB
32307	28	17	one	one	CD
32307	28	18	-	-	HYPH
32307	28	19	thousandth	thousandth	NN
32307	28	20	that	that	WDT
32307	28	21	of	of	IN
32307	28	22	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	28	23	.	.	.
32307	29	1	An	an	DT
32307	29	2	Atomic	Atomic	NNP
32307	29	3	Property	Property	NNP
32307	29	4	In	in	IN
32307	29	5	the	the	DT
32307	29	6	examination	examination	NN
32307	29	7	of	of	IN
32307	29	8	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	29	9	and	and	CC
32307	29	10	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	29	11	compounds	compound	NNS
32307	29	12	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	29	13	was	be	VBD
32307	29	14	found	find	VBN
32307	29	15	that	that	IN
32307	29	16	the	the	DT
32307	29	17	activity	activity	NN
32307	29	18	was	be	VBD
32307	29	19	determined	determine	VBN
32307	29	20	by	by	IN
32307	29	21	the	the	DT
32307	29	22	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	29	23	and	and	CC
32307	29	24	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	29	25	present	present	JJ
32307	29	26	;	;	:
32307	29	27	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	29	28	was	be	VBD
32307	29	29	proportto	proportto	NN
32307	29	30	the	the	DT
32307	29	31	amount	amount	NN
32307	29	32	ofional	ofional	JJ
32307	29	33	these	these	DT
32307	29	34	elements	element	NNS
32307	29	35	present	present	JJ
32307	29	36	and	and	CC
32307	29	37	independent	independent	JJ
32307	29	38	of	of	IN
32307	29	39	the	the	DT
32307	29	40	nature	nature	NN
32307	29	41	of	of	IN
32307	29	42	the	the	DT
32307	29	43	other	other	JJ
32307	29	44	elements	element	NNS
32307	29	45	composing	compose	VBG
32307	29	46	the	the	DT
32307	29	47	compound	compound	NN
32307	29	48	.	.	.
32307	30	1	The	the	DT
32307	30	2	conclusion	conclusion	NN
32307	30	3	was	be	VBD
32307	30	4	,	,	,
32307	30	5	therefore	therefore	RB
32307	30	6	,	,	,
32307	30	7	that	that	IN
32307	30	8	the	the	DT
32307	30	9	activity	activity	NN
32307	30	10	was	be	VBD
32307	30	11	an	an	DT
32307	30	12	inherent	inherent	JJ
32307	30	13	property	property	NN
32307	30	14	of	of	IN
32307	30	15	the	the	DT
32307	30	16	atoms	atom	NNS
32307	30	17	of	of	IN
32307	30	18	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	30	19	and	and	CC
32307	30	20	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	30	21	,	,	,
32307	30	22	that	that	RB
32307	30	23	is	is	RB
32307	30	24	,	,	,
32307	30	25	an	an	DT
32307	30	26	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	30	27	property	property	NN
32307	30	28	.	.	.
32307	31	1	This	this	DT
32307	31	2	was	be	VBD
32307	31	3	a	a	DT
32307	31	4	long	long	JJ
32307	31	5	step	step	NN
32307	31	6	forward	forward	RB
32307	31	7	and	and	CC
32307	31	8	introduced	introduce	VBN
32307	31	9	into	into	IN
32307	31	10	science	science	NN
32307	31	11	the	the	DT
32307	31	12	conception	conception	NN
32307	31	13	of	of	IN
32307	31	14	a	a	DT
32307	31	15	new	new	JJ
32307	31	16	property	property	NN
32307	31	17	of	of	IN
32307	31	18	matter	matter	NN
32307	31	19	,	,	,
32307	31	20	or	or	CC
32307	31	21	at	at	IN
32307	31	22	least	least	JJS
32307	31	23	of	of	IN
32307	31	24	certain	certain	JJ
32307	31	25	forms	form	NNS
32307	31	26	of	of	IN
32307	31	27	matter	matter	NN
32307	31	28	.	.	.
32307	32	1	Discovery	Discovery	NNP
32307	32	2	of	of	IN
32307	32	3	New	New	NNP
32307	32	4	Radio	Radio	NNP
32307	32	5	-	-	HYPH
32307	32	6	active	active	JJ
32307	32	7	Bodies	body	NNS
32307	32	8	In	in	IN
32307	32	9	examining	examine	VBG
32307	32	10	a	a	DT
32307	32	11	large	large	JJ
32307	32	12	number	number	NN
32307	32	13	of	of	IN
32307	32	14	minerals	mineral	NNS
32307	32	15	containing	contain	VBG
32307	32	16	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	32	17	and	and	CC
32307	32	18	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	32	19	,	,	,
32307	32	20	Mme	Mme	NNP
32307	32	21	.	.	.
32307	33	1	Curie	Curie	NNP
32307	33	2	made	make	VBD
32307	33	3	the	the	DT
32307	33	4	important	important	JJ
32307	33	5	observation	observation	NN
32307	33	6	that	that	IN
32307	33	7	many	many	JJ
32307	33	8	of	of	IN
32307	33	9	these	these	DT
32307	33	10	were	be	VBD
32307	33	11	more	more	RBR
32307	33	12	active	active	JJ
32307	33	13	than	than	IN
32307	33	14	the	the	DT
32307	33	15	elements	element	NNS
32307	33	16	themselves	-PRON-	PRP
32307	33	17	.	.	.
32307	34	1	In	in	IN
32307	34	2	measuring	measure	VBG
32307	34	3	the	the	DT
32307	34	4	activity	activity	NN
32307	34	5	she	-PRON-	PRP
32307	34	6	made	make	VBD
32307	34	7	use	use	NN
32307	34	8	of	of	IN
32307	34	9	the	the	DT
32307	34	10	electrical	electrical	JJ
32307	34	11	method	method	NN
32307	34	12	which	which	WDT
32307	34	13	will	will	MD
32307	34	14	be	be	VB
32307	34	15	described	describe	VBN
32307	34	16	later	later	RB
32307	34	17	.	.	.
32307	35	1	In	in	IN
32307	35	2	the	the	DT
32307	35	3	following	follow	VBG
32307	35	4	table	table	NN
32307	35	5	giving	give	VBG
32307	35	6	her	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	35	7	results	result	NNS
32307	35	8	for	for	IN
32307	35	9	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	35	10	minerals	mineral	NNS
32307	35	11	the	the	DT
32307	35	12	numbers	number	NNS
32307	35	13	under	under	IN
32307	35	14	_	_	NNP
32307	35	15	i	i	PRP
32307	35	16	_	_	NNP
32307	35	17	give	give	VBP
32307	35	18	the	the	DT
32307	35	19	maximum	maximum	JJ
32307	35	20	current	current	NN
32307	35	21	in	in	IN
32307	35	22	amperes	ampere	NNS
32307	35	23	.	.	.
32307	36	1	They	-PRON-	PRP
32307	36	2	serve	serve	VBP
32307	36	3	simply	simply	RB
32307	36	4	for	for	IN
32307	36	5	comparison	comparison	NN
32307	36	6	.	.	.
32307	37	1	_	_	NNP
32307	37	2	i	i	PRP
32307	37	3	_	_	NNP
32307	37	4	Pitchblende	Pitchblende	NNP
32307	37	5	from	from	IN
32307	37	6	Joachimsthal	Joachimsthal	NNP
32307	37	7	7.0	7.0	CD
32307	37	8	×	×	NN
32307	37	9	10^{-11	10^{-11	CD
32307	37	10	}	}	-RRB-
32307	37	11	Clevite	Clevite	NNP
32307	37	12	1.4	1.4	CD
32307	37	13	×	×	CD
32307	37	14	10^{-11	10^{-11	CD
32307	37	15	}	}	-RRB-
32307	37	16	Chalcolite	Chalcolite	NNP
32307	37	17	5.2	5.2	CD
32307	37	18	×	×	CD
32307	37	19	10^{-11	10^{-11	CD
32307	37	20	}	}	-RRB-
32307	37	21	Autunite	Autunite	NNP
32307	37	22	2.7	2.7	CD
32307	37	23	×	×	CD
32307	37	24	10^{-11	10^{-11	CD
32307	37	25	}	}	-RRB-
32307	37	26	Carnotite	carnotite	NN
32307	37	27	6.2	6.2	CD
32307	37	28	×	×	CD
32307	37	29	10^{-11	10^{-11	CD
32307	37	30	}	}	-RRB-
32307	37	31	Uranium	uranium	NN
32307	37	32	2.3	2.3	CD
32307	37	33	×	×	CD
32307	37	34	10^{-11	10^{-11	CD
32307	37	35	}	}	-RRB-
32307	37	36	Uranium	uranium	NN
32307	37	37	and	and	CC
32307	37	38	potassium	potassium	NN
32307	37	39	sulphate	sulphate	NN
32307	37	40	0.7	0.7	CD
32307	37	41	×	×	NN
32307	37	42	10^{-11	10^{-11	CD
32307	37	43	}	}	-RRB-
32307	37	44	Uranium	uranium	NN
32307	37	45	and	and	CC
32307	37	46	copper	copper	NN
32307	37	47	phosphate	phosphate	NN
32307	37	48	0.9	0.9	CD
32307	37	49	×	×	CD
32307	37	50	10^{-11	10^{-11	CD
32307	37	51	}	}	-RRB-
32307	37	52	The	the	DT
32307	37	53	last	last	JJ
32307	37	54	three	three	CD
32307	37	55	are	be	VBP
32307	37	56	pure	pure	JJ
32307	37	57	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	37	58	and	and	CC
32307	37	59	compounds	compound	NNS
32307	37	60	of	of	IN
32307	37	61	that	that	DT
32307	37	62	element	element	NN
32307	37	63	given	give	VBN
32307	37	64	for	for	IN
32307	37	65	comparison	comparison	NN
32307	37	66	with	with	IN
32307	37	67	the	the	DT
32307	37	68	first	first	JJ
32307	37	69	five	five	CD
32307	37	70	,	,	,
32307	37	71	which	which	WDT
32307	37	72	are	be	VBP
32307	37	73	naturally	naturally	RB
32307	37	74	occurring	occur	VBG
32307	37	75	minerals	mineral	NNS
32307	37	76	.	.	.
32307	38	1	The	the	DT
32307	38	2	last	last	JJ
32307	38	3	compound	compound	NN
32307	38	4	has	have	VBZ
32307	38	5	the	the	DT
32307	38	6	same	same	JJ
32307	38	7	composition	composition	NN
32307	38	8	as	as	IN
32307	38	9	chalcolite	chalcolite	NNP
32307	38	10	and	and	CC
32307	38	11	is	be	VBZ
32307	38	12	simply	simply	RB
32307	38	13	the	the	DT
32307	38	14	artificially	artificially	RB
32307	38	15	prepared	prepare	VBN
32307	38	16	mineral	mineral	NN
32307	38	17	.	.	.
32307	39	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	39	2	has	have	VBZ
32307	39	3	the	the	DT
32307	39	4	activity	activity	NN
32307	39	5	which	which	WDT
32307	39	6	would	would	MD
32307	39	7	be	be	VB
32307	39	8	calculated	calculate	VBN
32307	39	9	from	from	IN
32307	39	10	the	the	DT
32307	39	11	proportion	proportion	NN
32307	39	12	of	of	IN
32307	39	13	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	39	14	present	present	NN
32307	39	15	,	,	,
32307	39	16	the	the	DT
32307	39	17	copper	copper	NN
32307	39	18	and	and	CC
32307	39	19	phosphoric	phosphoric	NN
32307	39	20	acid	acid	NN
32307	39	21	contributing	contribute	VBG
32307	39	22	no	no	DT
32307	39	23	activity	activity	NN
32307	39	24	.	.	.
32307	40	1	Since	since	IN
32307	40	2	the	the	DT
32307	40	3	activity	activity	NN
32307	40	4	is	be	VBZ
32307	40	5	not	not	RB
32307	40	6	dependent	dependent	JJ
32307	40	7	upon	upon	IN
32307	40	8	the	the	DT
32307	40	9	composition	composition	NN
32307	40	10	but	but	CC
32307	40	11	upon	upon	IN
32307	40	12	the	the	DT
32307	40	13	amount	amount	NN
32307	40	14	of	of	IN
32307	40	15	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	40	16	present	present	NN
32307	40	17	,	,	,
32307	40	18	the	the	DT
32307	40	19	activity	activity	NN
32307	40	20	in	in	IN
32307	40	21	all	all	DT
32307	40	22	of	of	IN
32307	40	23	the	the	DT
32307	40	24	minerals	mineral	NNS
32307	40	25	should	should	MD
32307	40	26	be	be	VB
32307	40	27	less	less	JJR
32307	40	28	than	than	IN
32307	40	29	that	that	DT
32307	40	30	of	of	IN
32307	40	31	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	40	32	.	.	.
32307	41	1	On	on	IN
32307	41	2	the	the	DT
32307	41	3	contrary	contrary	NN
32307	41	4	,	,	,
32307	41	5	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	41	6	is	be	VBZ
32307	41	7	several	several	JJ
32307	41	8	times	time	NNS
32307	41	9	greater	great	JJR
32307	41	10	.	.	.
32307	42	1	Natural	natural	JJ
32307	42	2	and	and	CC
32307	42	3	artificial	artificial	JJ
32307	42	4	chalcolite	chalcolite	NN
32307	42	5	also	also	RB
32307	42	6	show	show	VBP
32307	42	7	a	a	DT
32307	42	8	marked	mark	VBN
32307	42	9	difference	difference	NN
32307	42	10	in	in	IN
32307	42	11	favor	favor	NN
32307	42	12	of	of	IN
32307	42	13	the	the	DT
32307	42	14	former	former	JJ
32307	42	15	.	.	.
32307	43	1	The	the	DT
32307	43	2	supposition	supposition	NN
32307	43	3	was	be	VBD
32307	43	4	a	a	DT
32307	43	5	natural	natural	JJ
32307	43	6	one	one	CD
32307	43	7	,	,	,
32307	43	8	therefore	therefore	RB
32307	43	9	,	,	,
32307	43	10	that	that	IN
32307	43	11	these	these	DT
32307	43	12	minerals	mineral	NNS
32307	43	13	contained	contain	VBD
32307	43	14	small	small	JJ
32307	43	15	quantities	quantity	NNS
32307	43	16	of	of	IN
32307	43	17	an	an	DT
32307	43	18	element	element	NN
32307	43	19	,	,	,
32307	43	20	or	or	CC
32307	43	21	elements	element	NNS
32307	43	22	,	,	,
32307	43	23	undetected	undetecte	VBN
32307	43	24	by	by	IN
32307	43	25	ordinary	ordinary	JJ
32307	43	26	analysis	analysis	NN
32307	43	27	and	and	CC
32307	43	28	having	have	VBG
32307	43	29	a	a	DT
32307	43	30	much	much	RB
32307	43	31	greater	great	JJR
32307	43	32	activity	activity	NN
32307	43	33	than	than	IN
32307	43	34	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	43	35	.	.	.
32307	44	1	Similar	similar	JJ
32307	44	2	results	result	NNS
32307	44	3	were	be	VBD
32307	44	4	obtained	obtain	VBN
32307	44	5	in	in	IN
32307	44	6	the	the	DT
32307	44	7	examination	examination	NN
32307	44	8	of	of	IN
32307	44	9	thorium	thorium	JJ
32307	44	10	minerals	mineral	NNS
32307	44	11	and	and	CC
32307	44	12	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	44	13	salts	salt	NNS
32307	44	14	.	.	.
32307	45	1	Discovery	Discovery	NNP
32307	45	2	of	of	IN
32307	45	3	Polonium	Polonium	NNP
32307	45	4	Following	follow	VBG
32307	45	5	up	up	RP
32307	45	6	this	this	DT
32307	45	7	supposition	supposition	NN
32307	45	8	,	,	,
32307	45	9	M.	M.	NNP
32307	45	10	and	and	CC
32307	45	11	Mme	Mme	NNP
32307	45	12	.	.	.
32307	46	1	Curie	Curie	NNP
32307	46	2	set	set	VBD
32307	46	3	themselves	-PRON-	PRP
32307	46	4	the	the	DT
32307	46	5	task	task	NN
32307	46	6	of	of	IN
32307	46	7	separating	separate	VBG
32307	46	8	this	this	DT
32307	46	9	unknown	unknown	JJ
32307	46	10	substance	substance	NN
32307	46	11	.	.	.
32307	47	1	Starting	start	VBG
32307	47	2	with	with	IN
32307	47	3	pitchblende	pitchblende	NNP
32307	47	4	,	,	,
32307	47	5	a	a	DT
32307	47	6	systematic	systematic	JJ
32307	47	7	chemical	chemical	NN
32307	47	8	examination	examination	NN
32307	47	9	was	be	VBD
32307	47	10	made	make	VBN
32307	47	11	.	.	.
32307	48	1	This	this	DT
32307	48	2	is	be	VBZ
32307	48	3	an	an	DT
32307	48	4	exceedingly	exceedingly	RB
32307	48	5	complex	complex	JJ
32307	48	6	mineral	mineral	NN
32307	48	7	,	,	,
32307	48	8	containing	contain	VBG
32307	48	9	many	many	JJ
32307	48	10	elements	element	NNS
32307	48	11	.	.	.
32307	49	1	The	the	DT
32307	49	2	processes	process	NNS
32307	49	3	were	be	VBD
32307	49	4	laborious	laborious	JJ
32307	49	5	and	and	CC
32307	49	6	demanded	demand	VBD
32307	49	7	much	much	JJ
32307	49	8	time	time	NN
32307	49	9	and	and	CC
32307	49	10	minute	minute	NN
32307	49	11	care	care	NN
32307	49	12	.	.	.
32307	50	1	They	-PRON-	PRP
32307	50	2	need	nee	MD
32307	50	3	not	not	RB
32307	50	4	be	be	VB
32307	50	5	described	describe	VBN
32307	50	6	here	here	RB
32307	50	7	.	.	.
32307	51	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	51	2	is	be	VBZ
32307	51	3	sufficient	sufficient	JJ
32307	51	4	to	to	TO
32307	51	5	say	say	VB
32307	51	6	that	that	IN
32307	51	7	along	along	IN
32307	51	8	with	with	IN
32307	51	9	bismuth	bismuth	NNP
32307	51	10	a	a	DT
32307	51	11	very	very	RB
32307	51	12	active	active	JJ
32307	51	13	substance	substance	NN
32307	51	14	was	be	VBD
32307	51	15	separated	separate	VBN
32307	51	16	,	,	,
32307	51	17	to	to	TO
32307	51	18	which	which	WDT
32307	51	19	Mme	Mme	NNP
32307	51	20	.	.	.
32307	52	1	Curie	Curie	NNP
32307	52	2	gave	give	VBD
32307	52	3	the	the	DT
32307	52	4	name	name	NN
32307	52	5	of	of	IN
32307	52	6	polonium	polonium	NN
32307	52	7	for	for	IN
32307	52	8	Poland	Poland	NNP
32307	52	9	,	,	,
32307	52	10	her	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	52	11	native	native	JJ
32307	52	12	land	land	NN
32307	52	13	.	.	.
32307	53	1	Its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	53	2	complete	complete	JJ
32307	53	3	isolation	isolation	NN
32307	53	4	is	be	VBZ
32307	53	5	very	very	RB
32307	53	6	difficult	difficult	JJ
32307	53	7	and	and	CC
32307	53	8	sufficient	sufficient	JJ
32307	53	9	quantities	quantity	NNS
32307	53	10	of	of	IN
32307	53	11	the	the	DT
32307	53	12	pure	pure	JJ
32307	53	13	substance	substance	NN
32307	53	14	have	have	VBP
32307	53	15	not	not	RB
32307	53	16	been	be	VBN
32307	53	17	obtained	obtain	VBN
32307	53	18	to	to	TO
32307	53	19	determine	determine	VB
32307	53	20	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	53	21	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	53	22	weight	weight	NN
32307	53	23	and	and	CC
32307	53	24	other	other	JJ
32307	53	25	properties	property	NNS
32307	53	26	,	,	,
32307	53	27	but	but	CC
32307	53	28	some	some	DT
32307	53	29	of	of	IN
32307	53	30	the	the	DT
32307	53	31	lines	line	NNS
32307	53	32	of	of	IN
32307	53	33	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	53	34	spectrum	spectrum	NN
32307	53	35	have	have	VBP
32307	53	36	been	be	VBN
32307	53	37	determined	determine	VBN
32307	53	38	.	.	.
32307	54	1	Chemically	chemically	RB
32307	54	2	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	54	3	is	be	VBZ
32307	54	4	very	very	RB
32307	54	5	closely	closely	RB
32307	54	6	analogous	analogous	JJ
32307	54	7	to	to	IN
32307	54	8	bismuth	bismuth	NNP
32307	54	9	.	.	.
32307	55	1	Discovery	Discovery	NNP
32307	55	2	of	of	IN
32307	55	3	Radium	Radium	NNP
32307	55	4	In	in	IN
32307	55	5	a	a	DT
32307	55	6	similar	similar	JJ
32307	55	7	manner	manner	NN
32307	55	8	a	a	DT
32307	55	9	barium	barium	NN
32307	55	10	precipitate	precipitate	NN
32307	55	11	was	be	VBD
32307	55	12	obtained	obtain	VBN
32307	55	13	from	from	IN
32307	55	14	pitchblende	pitchblende	NNP
32307	55	15	which	which	WDT
32307	55	16	contained	contain	VBD
32307	55	17	a	a	DT
32307	55	18	highly	highly	RB
32307	55	19	active	active	JJ
32307	55	20	substance	substance	NN
32307	55	21	.	.	.
32307	56	1	The	the	DT
32307	56	2	pure	pure	JJ
32307	56	3	chloride	chloride	NN
32307	56	4	of	of	IN
32307	56	5	this	this	DT
32307	56	6	body	body	NN
32307	56	7	and	and	CC
32307	56	8	barium	barium	NN
32307	56	9	can	can	MD
32307	56	10	be	be	VB
32307	56	11	prepared	prepare	VBN
32307	56	12	together	together	RB
32307	56	13	and	and	CC
32307	56	14	then	then	RB
32307	56	15	separated	separate	VBN
32307	56	16	by	by	IN
32307	56	17	fractional	fractional	JJ
32307	56	18	crystallization	crystallization	NN
32307	56	19	.	.	.
32307	57	1	To	to	IN
32307	57	2	the	the	DT
32307	57	3	new	new	JJ
32307	57	4	body	body	NN
32307	57	5	thus	thus	RB
32307	57	6	found	find	VBD
32307	57	7	the	the	DT
32307	57	8	name	name	NN
32307	57	9	of	of	IN
32307	57	10	radium	radium	NN
32307	57	11	was	be	VBD
32307	57	12	given	give	VBN
32307	57	13	.	.	.
32307	58	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	58	2	is	be	VBZ
32307	58	3	similar	similar	JJ
32307	58	4	in	in	IN
32307	58	5	chemical	chemical	NN
32307	58	6	properties	property	NNS
32307	58	7	to	to	IN
32307	58	8	barium	barium	NN
32307	58	9	.	.	.
32307	59	1	Its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	59	2	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	59	3	weight	weight	NN
32307	59	4	has	have	VBZ
32307	59	5	been	be	VBN
32307	59	6	determined	determine	VBN
32307	59	7	by	by	IN
32307	59	8	several	several	JJ
32307	59	9	careful	careful	JJ
32307	59	10	investigators	investigator	NNS
32307	59	11	and	and	CC
32307	59	12	is	be	VBZ
32307	59	13	accepted	accept	VBN
32307	59	14	as	as	IN
32307	59	15	226	226	CD
32307	59	16	.	.	.
32307	60	1	Its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	60	2	spectrum	spectrum	NN
32307	60	3	has	have	VBZ
32307	60	4	been	be	VBN
32307	60	5	mapped	map	VBN
32307	60	6	and	and	CC
32307	60	7	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	60	8	general	general	JJ
32307	60	9	properties	property	NNS
32307	60	10	are	be	VBP
32307	60	11	known	know	VBN
32307	60	12	.	.	.
32307	61	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	61	2	is	be	VBZ
32307	61	3	a	a	DT
32307	61	4	silvery	silvery	RB
32307	61	5	white	white	JJ
32307	61	6	,	,	,
32307	61	7	oxidizable	oxidizable	JJ
32307	61	8	metal	metal	NN
32307	61	9	.	.	.
32307	62	1	In	in	IN
32307	62	2	one	one	CD
32307	62	3	ton	ton	NN
32307	62	4	of	of	IN
32307	62	5	pitchblende	pitchblende	NNP
32307	62	6	about	about	RB
32307	62	7	0.2	0.2	CD
32307	62	8	gram	gram	NN
32307	62	9	of	of	IN
32307	62	10	radium	radium	NN
32307	62	11	is	be	VBZ
32307	62	12	present	present	JJ
32307	62	13	;	;	:
32307	62	14	this	this	DT
32307	62	15	is	be	VBZ
32307	62	16	about	about	RB
32307	62	17	5000	5000	CD
32307	62	18	times	time	NNS
32307	62	19	greater	great	JJR
32307	62	20	than	than	IN
32307	62	21	the	the	DT
32307	62	22	amount	amount	NN
32307	62	23	of	of	IN
32307	62	24	polonium	polonium	NN
32307	62	25	present	present	NN
32307	62	26	.	.	.
32307	63	1	The	the	DT
32307	63	2	activity	activity	NN
32307	63	3	of	of	IN
32307	63	4	the	the	DT
32307	63	5	products	product	NNS
32307	63	6	was	be	VBD
32307	63	7	depended	depend	VBN
32307	63	8	upon	upon	IN
32307	63	9	as	as	IN
32307	63	10	the	the	DT
32307	63	11	guide	guide	NN
32307	63	12	in	in	IN
32307	63	13	these	these	DT
32307	63	14	separations	separation	NNS
32307	63	15	.	.	.
32307	64	1	The	the	DT
32307	64	2	radium	radium	NN
32307	64	3	found	find	VBD
32307	64	4	is	be	VBZ
32307	64	5	relatively	relatively	RB
32307	64	6	enormously	enormously	RB
32307	64	7	more	more	RBR
32307	64	8	active	active	JJ
32307	64	9	than	than	IN
32307	64	10	the	the	DT
32307	64	11	pitchblende	pitchblende	NN
32307	64	12	or	or	CC
32307	64	13	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	64	14	.	.	.
32307	65	1	Other	other	JJ
32307	65	2	Radio	radio	NN
32307	65	3	-	-	HYPH
32307	65	4	active	active	JJ
32307	65	5	Bodies	body	NNS
32307	65	6	Found	find	VBN
32307	65	7	In	in	IN
32307	65	8	the	the	DT
32307	65	9	above	above	JJ
32307	65	10	separations	separation	NNS
32307	65	11	use	use	NN
32307	65	12	was	be	VBD
32307	65	13	made	make	VBN
32307	65	14	of	of	IN
32307	65	15	relationships	relationship	NNS
32307	65	16	to	to	TO
32307	65	17	bismuth	bismuth	VB
32307	65	18	and	and	CC
32307	65	19	barium	barium	NN
32307	65	20	.	.	.
32307	66	1	Similarly	similarly	RB
32307	66	2	,	,	,
32307	66	3	by	by	IN
32307	66	4	taking	take	VBG
32307	66	5	advantage	advantage	NN
32307	66	6	of	of	IN
32307	66	7	chemical	chemical	NN
32307	66	8	relationship	relationship	NN
32307	66	9	to	to	IN
32307	66	10	the	the	DT
32307	66	11	iron	iron	NN
32307	66	12	group	group	NN
32307	66	13	of	of	IN
32307	66	14	elements	elements	NNPS
32307	66	15	,	,	,
32307	66	16	another	another	DT
32307	66	17	body	body	NN
32307	66	18	was	be	VBD
32307	66	19	partially	partially	RB
32307	66	20	separated	separate	VBN
32307	66	21	by	by	IN
32307	66	22	Debierne	Debierne	NNP
32307	66	23	,	,	,
32307	66	24	to	to	TO
32307	66	25	which	which	WDT
32307	66	26	he	-PRON-	PRP
32307	66	27	gave	give	VBD
32307	66	28	the	the	DT
32307	66	29	name	name	NN
32307	66	30	actinium	actinium	NN
32307	66	31	.	.	.
32307	67	1	Boltwood	Boltwood	NNP
32307	67	2	discovered	discover	VBD
32307	67	3	in	in	IN
32307	67	4	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	67	5	minerals	mineral	NNS
32307	67	6	the	the	DT
32307	67	7	presence	presence	NN
32307	67	8	of	of	IN
32307	67	9	a	a	DT
32307	67	10	body	body	NN
32307	67	11	which	which	WDT
32307	67	12	he	-PRON-	PRP
32307	67	13	named	name	VBD
32307	67	14	ionium	ionium	NN
32307	67	15	,	,	,
32307	67	16	and	and	CC
32307	67	17	which	which	WDT
32307	67	18	is	be	VBZ
32307	67	19	so	so	RB
32307	67	20	similar	similar	JJ
32307	67	21	to	to	IN
32307	67	22	thorium	thorium	VB
32307	67	23	that	that	IN
32307	67	24	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	67	25	can	can	MD
32307	67	26	not	not	RB
32307	67	27	be	be	VB
32307	67	28	separated	separate	VBN
32307	67	29	from	from	IN
32307	67	30	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	67	31	.	.	.
32307	68	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	68	2	,	,	,
32307	68	3	however	however	RB
32307	68	4	,	,	,
32307	68	5	far	far	RB
32307	68	6	exceeds	exceed	VBZ
32307	68	7	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	68	8	in	in	IN
32307	68	9	activity	activity	NN
32307	68	10	.	.	.
32307	69	1	The	the	DT
32307	69	2	lead	lead	NN
32307	69	3	which	which	WDT
32307	69	4	is	be	VBZ
32307	69	5	present	present	JJ
32307	69	6	in	in	IN
32307	69	7	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	69	8	and	and	CC
32307	69	9	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	69	10	minerals	mineral	NNS
32307	69	11	--	--	:
32307	69	12	apparently	apparently	RB
32307	69	13	in	in	IN
32307	69	14	fairly	fairly	RB
32307	69	15	definite	definite	JJ
32307	69	16	ratio	ratio	NN
32307	69	17	to	to	IN
32307	69	18	the	the	DT
32307	69	19	amount	amount	NN
32307	69	20	of	of	IN
32307	69	21	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	69	22	and	and	CC
32307	69	23	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	69	24	--	--	:
32307	69	25	is	be	VBZ
32307	69	26	found	find	VBN
32307	69	27	,	,	,
32307	69	28	on	on	IN
32307	69	29	separation	separation	NN
32307	69	30	and	and	CC
32307	69	31	purification	purification	NN
32307	69	32	,	,	,
32307	69	33	to	to	TO
32307	69	34	possess	possess	VB
32307	69	35	radio	radio	NN
32307	69	36	-	-	HYPH
32307	69	37	active	active	JJ
32307	69	38	properties	property	NNS
32307	69	39	.	.	.
32307	70	1	This	this	DT
32307	70	2	activity	activity	NN
32307	70	3	is	be	VBZ
32307	70	4	due	due	JJ
32307	70	5	to	to	IN
32307	70	6	the	the	DT
32307	70	7	presence	presence	NN
32307	70	8	of	of	IN
32307	70	9	a	a	DT
32307	70	10	very	very	RB
32307	70	11	small	small	JJ
32307	70	12	proportion	proportion	NN
32307	70	13	of	of	IN
32307	70	14	an	an	DT
32307	70	15	active	active	JJ
32307	70	16	constituent	constituent	NN
32307	70	17	called	call	VBN
32307	70	18	radio	radio	NN
32307	70	19	-	-	HYPH
32307	70	20	lead	lead	NN
32307	70	21	,	,	,
32307	70	22	which	which	WDT
32307	70	23	has	have	VBZ
32307	70	24	chemical	chemical	NN
32307	70	25	properties	property	NNS
32307	70	26	identical	identical	JJ
32307	70	27	with	with	IN
32307	70	28	those	those	DT
32307	70	29	of	of	IN
32307	70	30	ordinary	ordinary	JJ
32307	70	31	lead	lead	NN
32307	70	32	.	.	.
32307	71	1	The	the	DT
32307	71	2	bulk	bulk	NN
32307	71	3	of	of	IN
32307	71	4	the	the	DT
32307	71	5	lead	lead	NN
32307	71	6	obtained	obtain	VBN
32307	71	7	from	from	IN
32307	71	8	radio	radio	NN
32307	71	9	-	-	HYPH
32307	71	10	active	active	JJ
32307	71	11	minerals	mineral	NNS
32307	71	12	differs	differ	VBZ
32307	71	13	in	in	IN
32307	71	14	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	71	15	weight	weight	NN
32307	71	16	from	from	IN
32307	71	17	ordinary	ordinary	JJ
32307	71	18	lead	lead	NN
32307	71	19	and	and	CC
32307	71	20	appears	appear	VBZ
32307	71	21	also	also	RB
32307	71	22	to	to	TO
32307	71	23	be	be	VB
32307	71	24	different	different	JJ
32307	71	25	according	accord	VBG
32307	71	26	to	to	IN
32307	71	27	whether	whether	IN
32307	71	28	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	71	29	source	source	NN
32307	71	30	is	be	VBZ
32307	71	31	a	a	DT
32307	71	32	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	71	33	or	or	CC
32307	71	34	a	a	DT
32307	71	35	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	71	36	mineral	mineral	NN
32307	71	37	.	.	.
32307	72	1	A	a	DT
32307	72	2	large	large	JJ
32307	72	3	number	number	NN
32307	72	4	of	of	IN
32307	72	5	other	other	JJ
32307	72	6	radio	radio	NN
32307	72	7	-	-	HYPH
32307	72	8	active	active	JJ
32307	72	9	substances	substance	NNS
32307	72	10	have	have	VBP
32307	72	11	been	be	VBN
32307	72	12	separated	separate	VBN
32307	72	13	and	and	CC
32307	72	14	some	some	DT
32307	72	15	of	of	IN
32307	72	16	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	72	17	properties	property	NNS
32307	72	18	determined	determine	VBN
32307	72	19	,	,	,
32307	72	20	but	but	CC
32307	72	21	these	these	DT
32307	72	22	were	be	VBD
32307	72	23	found	find	VBN
32307	72	24	by	by	IN
32307	72	25	different	different	JJ
32307	72	26	means	mean	NNS
32307	72	27	and	and	CC
32307	72	28	will	will	MD
32307	72	29	be	be	VB
32307	72	30	noted	note	VBN
32307	72	31	in	in	IN
32307	72	32	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	72	33	proper	proper	JJ
32307	72	34	place	place	NN
32307	72	35	.	.	.
32307	73	1	They	-PRON-	PRP
32307	73	2	number	number	VBP
32307	73	3	in	in	IN
32307	73	4	all	all	DT
32307	73	5	more	more	JJR
32307	73	6	than	than	IN
32307	73	7	thirty	thirty	CD
32307	73	8	.	.	.
32307	74	1	The	the	DT
32307	74	2	sources	source	NNS
32307	74	3	or	or	CC
32307	74	4	parents	parent	NNS
32307	74	5	of	of	IN
32307	74	6	these	these	DT
32307	74	7	are	be	VBP
32307	74	8	the	the	DT
32307	74	9	original	original	JJ
32307	74	10	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	74	11	or	or	CC
32307	74	12	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	74	13	,	,	,
32307	74	14	and	and	CC
32307	74	15	the	the	DT
32307	74	16	products	product	NNS
32307	74	17	form	form	VBP
32307	74	18	regular	regular	JJ
32307	74	19	series	series	NN
32307	74	20	with	with	IN
32307	74	21	distinctive	distinctive	JJ
32307	74	22	properties	property	NNS
32307	74	23	for	for	IN
32307	74	24	each	each	DT
32307	74	25	member	member	NN
32307	74	26	.	.	.
32307	75	1	CHAPTER	CHAPTER	NNP
32307	75	2	II	II	NNP
32307	75	3	PROPERTIES	property	NNS
32307	75	4	OF	of	IN
32307	75	5	THE	the	DT
32307	75	6	RADIATIONS	radiation	NNS
32307	75	7	The	the	DT
32307	75	8	activity	activity	NN
32307	75	9	of	of	IN
32307	75	10	these	these	DT
32307	75	11	radio	radio	NN
32307	75	12	-	-	HYPH
32307	75	13	active	active	JJ
32307	75	14	bodies	body	NNS
32307	75	15	consists	consist	VBZ
32307	75	16	in	in	IN
32307	75	17	the	the	DT
32307	75	18	emission	emission	NN
32307	75	19	of	of	IN
32307	75	20	certain	certain	JJ
32307	75	21	radiations	radiation	NNS
32307	75	22	which	which	WDT
32307	75	23	may	may	MD
32307	75	24	be	be	VB
32307	75	25	separated	separate	VBN
32307	75	26	into	into	IN
32307	75	27	rays	ray	NNS
32307	75	28	and	and	CC
32307	75	29	studied	study	VBD
32307	75	30	through	through	IN
32307	75	31	the	the	DT
32307	75	32	phenomena	phenomena	NN
32307	75	33	which	which	WDT
32307	75	34	they	-PRON-	PRP
32307	75	35	cause	cause	VBP
32307	75	36	.	.	.
32307	76	1	Ionization	ionization	NN
32307	76	2	of	of	IN
32307	76	3	Gases	gas	NNS
32307	76	4	One	one	CD
32307	76	5	of	of	IN
32307	76	6	these	these	DT
32307	76	7	phenomena	phenomenon	NNS
32307	76	8	is	be	VBZ
32307	76	9	the	the	DT
32307	76	10	power	power	NN
32307	76	11	of	of	IN
32307	76	12	forming	form	VBG
32307	76	13	ions	ion	NNS
32307	76	14	or	or	CC
32307	76	15	carriers	carrier	NNS
32307	76	16	of	of	IN
32307	76	17	electricity	electricity	NN
32307	76	18	by	by	IN
32307	76	19	the	the	DT
32307	76	20	passage	passage	NN
32307	76	21	of	of	IN
32307	76	22	the	the	DT
32307	76	23	rays	ray	NNS
32307	76	24	through	through	IN
32307	76	25	a	a	DT
32307	76	26	gas	gas	NN
32307	76	27	,	,	,
32307	76	28	thus	thus	RB
32307	76	29	ionizing	ionize	VBG
32307	76	30	the	the	DT
32307	76	31	gas	gas	NN
32307	76	32	.	.	.
32307	77	1	The	the	DT
32307	77	2	details	detail	NNS
32307	77	3	of	of	IN
32307	77	4	an	an	DT
32307	77	5	experiment	experiment	NN
32307	77	6	will	will	MD
32307	77	7	serve	serve	VB
32307	77	8	to	to	TO
32307	77	9	make	make	VB
32307	77	10	the	the	DT
32307	77	11	meaning	meaning	NN
32307	77	12	of	of	IN
32307	77	13	this	this	DT
32307	77	14	ionization	ionization	NN
32307	77	15	clear	clear	JJ
32307	77	16	.	.	.
32307	78	1	[	[	-LRB-
32307	78	2	Illustration	illustration	NN
32307	78	3	:	:	:
32307	78	4	FIG	FIG	NNP
32307	78	5	.	.	.
32307	79	1	1.--IONIZATION	1.--ionization	CD
32307	79	2	OF	of	IN
32307	79	3	GASES	GASES	NNP
32307	79	4	.	.	.
32307	79	5	]	]	-RRB-
32307	80	1	When	when	WRB
32307	80	2	this	this	DT
32307	80	3	apparatus	apparatus	NN
32307	80	4	is	be	VBZ
32307	80	5	set	set	VBN
32307	80	6	up	up	RP
32307	80	7	a	a	DT
32307	80	8	minute	minute	JJ
32307	80	9	current	current	NN
32307	80	10	will	will	MD
32307	80	11	be	be	VB
32307	80	12	observed	observe	VBN
32307	80	13	without	without	IN
32307	80	14	the	the	DT
32307	80	15	introduction	introduction	NN
32307	80	16	of	of	IN
32307	80	17	any	any	DT
32307	80	18	radio	radio	NN
32307	80	19	-	-	HYPH
32307	80	20	active	active	JJ
32307	80	21	matter	matter	NN
32307	80	22	.	.	.
32307	81	1	This	this	DT
32307	81	2	,	,	,
32307	81	3	as	as	IN
32307	81	4	Rutherford	Rutherford	NNP
32307	81	5	says	say	VBZ
32307	81	6	,	,	,
32307	81	7	has	have	VBZ
32307	81	8	been	be	VBN
32307	81	9	found	find	VBN
32307	81	10	due	due	JJ
32307	81	11	mainly	mainly	RB
32307	81	12	to	to	IN
32307	81	13	a	a	DT
32307	81	14	slight	slight	JJ
32307	81	15	natural	natural	JJ
32307	81	16	radio	radio	NN
32307	81	17	-	-	HYPH
32307	81	18	activity	activity	NN
32307	81	19	of	of	IN
32307	81	20	the	the	DT
32307	81	21	matter	matter	NN
32307	81	22	composing	compose	VBG
32307	81	23	the	the	DT
32307	81	24	plates	plate	NNS
32307	81	25	.	.	.
32307	82	1	If	if	IN
32307	82	2	radio	radio	NN
32307	82	3	-	-	HYPH
32307	82	4	active	active	JJ
32307	82	5	matter	matter	NN
32307	82	6	is	be	VBZ
32307	82	7	spread	spread	VBN
32307	82	8	on	on	IN
32307	82	9	plate	plate	NN
32307	82	10	_	_	NNP
32307	82	11	A	A	NNP
32307	82	12	_	_	NNP
32307	82	13	,	,	,
32307	82	14	which	which	WDT
32307	82	15	is	be	VBZ
32307	82	16	connected	connect	VBN
32307	82	17	with	with	IN
32307	82	18	one	one	CD
32307	82	19	pole	pole	NN
32307	82	20	of	of	IN
32307	82	21	a	a	DT
32307	82	22	grounded	ground	VBN
32307	82	23	battery	battery	NN
32307	82	24	,	,	,
32307	82	25	and	and	CC
32307	82	26	if	if	IN
32307	82	27	plate	plate	NN
32307	82	28	_	_	NNP
32307	82	29	B	B	NNP
32307	82	30	_	_	NNP
32307	82	31	is	be	VBZ
32307	82	32	connected	connect	VBN
32307	82	33	with	with	IN
32307	82	34	an	an	DT
32307	82	35	electrometer	electrometer	NN
32307	82	36	which	which	WDT
32307	82	37	is	be	VBZ
32307	82	38	also	also	RB
32307	82	39	connected	connect	VBN
32307	82	40	with	with	IN
32307	82	41	the	the	DT
32307	82	42	earth	earth	NN
32307	82	43	,	,	,
32307	82	44	a	a	DT
32307	82	45	current	current	NN
32307	82	46	is	be	VBZ
32307	82	47	caused	cause	VBN
32307	82	48	which	which	WDT
32307	82	49	increases	increase	VBZ
32307	82	50	rapidly	rapidly	RB
32307	82	51	with	with	IN
32307	82	52	the	the	DT
32307	82	53	difference	difference	NN
32307	82	54	of	of	IN
32307	82	55	potential	potential	NN
32307	82	56	between	between	IN
32307	82	57	the	the	DT
32307	82	58	plates	plate	NNS
32307	82	59	,	,	,
32307	82	60	then	then	RB
32307	82	61	more	more	RBR
32307	82	62	slowly	slowly	RB
32307	82	63	until	until	IN
32307	82	64	a	a	DT
32307	82	65	value	value	NN
32307	82	66	is	be	VBZ
32307	82	67	reached	reach	VBN
32307	82	68	that	that	IN
32307	82	69	changes	change	NNS
32307	82	70	only	only	RB
32307	82	71	slightly	slightly	RB
32307	82	72	with	with	IN
32307	82	73	a	a	DT
32307	82	74	larger	large	JJR
32307	82	75	increase	increase	NN
32307	82	76	in	in	IN
32307	82	77	the	the	DT
32307	82	78	voltage	voltage	NN
32307	82	79	.	.	.
32307	83	1	According	accord	VBG
32307	83	2	to	to	IN
32307	83	3	the	the	DT
32307	83	4	theory	theory	NN
32307	83	5	of	of	IN
32307	83	6	ionization	ionization	NN
32307	83	7	,	,	,
32307	83	8	the	the	DT
32307	83	9	radiation	radiation	NN
32307	83	10	produces	produce	VBZ
32307	83	11	ions	ion	NNS
32307	83	12	at	at	IN
32307	83	13	a	a	DT
32307	83	14	constant	constant	JJ
32307	83	15	rate	rate	NN
32307	83	16	.	.	.
32307	84	1	The	the	DT
32307	84	2	ions	ion	NNS
32307	84	3	carrying	carry	VBG
32307	84	4	a	a	DT
32307	84	5	positive	positive	JJ
32307	84	6	charge	charge	NN
32307	84	7	are	be	VBP
32307	84	8	attracted	attract	VBN
32307	84	9	to	to	TO
32307	84	10	plate	plate	VB
32307	84	11	_	_	NNP
32307	84	12	B	B	NNP
32307	84	13	_	_	NNP
32307	84	14	,	,	,
32307	84	15	while	while	IN
32307	84	16	those	those	DT
32307	84	17	negatively	negatively	RB
32307	84	18	charged	charge	VBN
32307	84	19	are	be	VBP
32307	84	20	attracted	attract	VBN
32307	84	21	to	to	TO
32307	84	22	plate	plate	VB
32307	84	23	_	_	NNP
32307	84	24	A	A	NNP
32307	84	25	_	_	NNP
32307	84	26	,	,	,
32307	84	27	thus	thus	RB
32307	84	28	causing	cause	VBG
32307	84	29	a	a	DT
32307	84	30	current	current	NN
32307	84	31	.	.	.
32307	85	1	These	these	DT
32307	85	2	ions	ion	NNS
32307	85	3	will	will	MD
32307	85	4	recombine	recombine	VB
32307	85	5	and	and	CC
32307	85	6	neutralize	neutralize	VB
32307	85	7	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	85	8	charges	charge	NNS
32307	85	9	if	if	IN
32307	85	10	the	the	DT
32307	85	11	opportunity	opportunity	NN
32307	85	12	is	be	VBZ
32307	85	13	given	give	VBN
32307	85	14	.	.	.
32307	86	1	The	the	DT
32307	86	2	number	number	NN
32307	86	3	,	,	,
32307	86	4	therefore	therefore	RB
32307	86	5	,	,	,
32307	86	6	increases	increase	VBZ
32307	86	7	to	to	IN
32307	86	8	a	a	DT
32307	86	9	point	point	NN
32307	86	10	at	at	IN
32307	86	11	which	which	WDT
32307	86	12	the	the	DT
32307	86	13	ions	ion	NNS
32307	86	14	produced	produce	VBD
32307	86	15	balance	balance	NN
32307	86	16	the	the	DT
32307	86	17	number	number	NN
32307	86	18	recombining	recombining	NN
32307	86	19	.	.	.
32307	87	1	When	when	WRB
32307	87	2	an	an	DT
32307	87	3	electric	electric	JJ
32307	87	4	field	field	NN
32307	87	5	is	be	VBZ
32307	87	6	produced	produce	VBN
32307	87	7	between	between	IN
32307	87	8	the	the	DT
32307	87	9	plates	plate	NNS
32307	87	10	,	,	,
32307	87	11	the	the	DT
32307	87	12	velocity	velocity	NN
32307	87	13	of	of	IN
32307	87	14	the	the	DT
32307	87	15	ions	ion	NNS
32307	87	16	between	between	IN
32307	87	17	the	the	DT
32307	87	18	plates	plate	NNS
32307	87	19	is	be	VBZ
32307	87	20	increased	increase	VBN
32307	87	21	in	in	IN
32307	87	22	proportion	proportion	NN
32307	87	23	to	to	IN
32307	87	24	the	the	DT
32307	87	25	strength	strength	NN
32307	87	26	of	of	IN
32307	87	27	the	the	DT
32307	87	28	electric	electric	JJ
32307	87	29	field	field	NN
32307	87	30	.	.	.
32307	88	1	In	in	IN
32307	88	2	a	a	DT
32307	88	3	weak	weak	JJ
32307	88	4	field	field	NN
32307	88	5	the	the	DT
32307	88	6	ions	ion	NNS
32307	88	7	travel	travel	VBP
32307	88	8	so	so	RB
32307	88	9	slowly	slowly	RB
32307	88	10	that	that	IN
32307	88	11	most	most	JJS
32307	88	12	of	of	IN
32307	88	13	them	-PRON-	PRP
32307	88	14	recombine	recombine	VBP
32307	88	15	on	on	IN
32307	88	16	the	the	DT
32307	88	17	way	way	NN
32307	88	18	and	and	CC
32307	88	19	consequently	consequently	RB
32307	88	20	the	the	DT
32307	88	21	observed	observed	JJ
32307	88	22	current	current	NN
32307	88	23	is	be	VBZ
32307	88	24	very	very	RB
32307	88	25	small	small	JJ
32307	88	26	.	.	.
32307	89	1	On	on	IN
32307	89	2	increasing	increase	VBG
32307	89	3	the	the	DT
32307	89	4	voltage	voltage	NN
32307	89	5	the	the	DT
32307	89	6	speed	speed	NN
32307	89	7	of	of	IN
32307	89	8	the	the	DT
32307	89	9	ions	ion	NNS
32307	89	10	is	be	VBZ
32307	89	11	increased	increase	VBN
32307	89	12	,	,	,
32307	89	13	fewer	few	JJR
32307	89	14	recombine	recombine	NN
32307	89	15	,	,	,
32307	89	16	the	the	DT
32307	89	17	current	current	JJ
32307	89	18	increases	increase	NNS
32307	89	19	,	,	,
32307	89	20	and	and	CC
32307	89	21	,	,	,
32307	89	22	when	when	WRB
32307	89	23	the	the	DT
32307	89	24	condition	condition	NN
32307	89	25	for	for	IN
32307	89	26	recombination	recombination	NN
32307	89	27	is	be	VBZ
32307	89	28	practically	practically	RB
32307	89	29	removed	remove	VBN
32307	89	30	,	,	,
32307	89	31	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	89	32	will	will	MD
32307	89	33	have	have	VB
32307	89	34	a	a	DT
32307	89	35	maximum	maximum	JJ
32307	89	36	value	value	NN
32307	89	37	.	.	.
32307	90	1	This	this	DT
32307	90	2	maximum	maximum	JJ
32307	90	3	current	current	NN
32307	90	4	is	be	VBZ
32307	90	5	called	call	VBN
32307	90	6	the	the	DT
32307	90	7	saturation	saturation	NN
32307	90	8	current	current	JJ
32307	90	9	and	and	CC
32307	90	10	the	the	DT
32307	90	11	value	value	NN
32307	90	12	of	of	IN
32307	90	13	the	the	DT
32307	90	14	potential	potential	JJ
32307	90	15	difference	difference	NN
32307	90	16	required	require	VBN
32307	90	17	to	to	TO
32307	90	18	give	give	VB
32307	90	19	this	this	DT
32307	90	20	maximum	maximum	JJ
32307	90	21	current	current	NN
32307	90	22	is	be	VBZ
32307	90	23	called	call	VBN
32307	90	24	the	the	DT
32307	90	25	saturation	saturation	NN
32307	90	26	P.D.	P.D.	NNP
32307	91	1	or	or	CC
32307	91	2	saturation	saturation	NN
32307	91	3	voltage	voltage	NN
32307	91	4	.	.	.
32307	92	1	The	the	DT
32307	92	2	picture	picture	NN
32307	92	3	,	,	,
32307	92	4	then	then	RB
32307	92	5	,	,	,
32307	92	6	is	be	VBZ
32307	92	7	this	this	DT
32307	92	8	.	.	.
32307	93	1	The	the	DT
32307	93	2	radiations	radiation	NNS
32307	93	3	separate	separate	VBP
32307	93	4	the	the	DT
32307	93	5	components	component	NNS
32307	93	6	of	of	IN
32307	93	7	the	the	DT
32307	93	8	gas	gas	NN
32307	93	9	into	into	IN
32307	93	10	ions	ion	NNS
32307	93	11	,	,	,
32307	93	12	or	or	CC
32307	93	13	carriers	carrier	NNS
32307	93	14	of	of	IN
32307	93	15	electricity	electricity	NN
32307	93	16	,	,	,
32307	93	17	half	half	NN
32307	93	18	of	of	IN
32307	93	19	which	which	WDT
32307	93	20	are	be	VBP
32307	93	21	charged	charge	VBN
32307	93	22	negatively	negatively	RB
32307	93	23	and	and	CC
32307	93	24	half	half	RB
32307	93	25	positively	positively	RB
32307	93	26	.	.	.
32307	94	1	In	in	IN
32307	94	2	the	the	DT
32307	94	3	electric	electric	JJ
32307	94	4	field	field	NN
32307	94	5	those	those	DT
32307	94	6	negatively	negatively	RB
32307	94	7	charged	charge	VBN
32307	94	8	seek	seek	VBP
32307	94	9	the	the	DT
32307	94	10	positive	positive	JJ
32307	94	11	plate	plate	NN
32307	94	12	and	and	CC
32307	94	13	those	those	DT
32307	94	14	positively	positively	RB
32307	94	15	charged	charge	VBN
32307	94	16	seek	seek	VBP
32307	94	17	the	the	DT
32307	94	18	negative	negative	JJ
32307	94	19	plate	plate	NN
32307	94	20	.	.	.
32307	95	1	If	if	IN
32307	95	2	time	time	NN
32307	95	3	is	be	VBZ
32307	95	4	given	give	VBN
32307	95	5	,	,	,
32307	95	6	these	these	DT
32307	95	7	ions	ion	NNS
32307	95	8	meet	meet	VBP
32307	95	9	and	and	CC
32307	95	10	recombine	recombine	NNP
32307	95	11	,	,	,
32307	95	12	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	95	13	charges	charge	NNS
32307	95	14	are	be	VBP
32307	95	15	neutralized	neutralize	VBN
32307	95	16	,	,	,
32307	95	17	and	and	CC
32307	95	18	there	there	EX
32307	95	19	is	be	VBZ
32307	95	20	no	no	DT
32307	95	21	current	current	NN
32307	95	22	.	.	.
32307	96	1	Experimental	experimental	JJ
32307	96	2	Confirmation	confirmation	NN
32307	96	3	This	this	DT
32307	96	4	theory	theory	NN
32307	96	5	of	of	IN
32307	96	6	the	the	DT
32307	96	7	ionization	ionization	NN
32307	96	8	of	of	IN
32307	96	9	gases	gas	NNS
32307	96	10	has	have	VBZ
32307	96	11	been	be	VBN
32307	96	12	most	most	RBS
32307	96	13	interestingly	interestingly	RB
32307	96	14	confirmed	confirm	VBN
32307	96	15	by	by	IN
32307	96	16	direct	direct	JJ
32307	96	17	experiment	experiment	NN
32307	96	18	.	.	.
32307	97	1	For	for	IN
32307	97	2	instance	instance	NN
32307	97	3	,	,	,
32307	97	4	the	the	DT
32307	97	5	ions	ion	NNS
32307	97	6	may	may	MD
32307	97	7	form	form	VB
32307	97	8	nuclei	nucleus	NNS
32307	97	9	for	for	IN
32307	97	10	the	the	DT
32307	97	11	condensation	condensation	NN
32307	97	12	of	of	IN
32307	97	13	water	water	NN
32307	97	14	,	,	,
32307	97	15	and	and	CC
32307	97	16	in	in	IN
32307	97	17	this	this	DT
32307	97	18	way	way	NN
32307	97	19	the	the	DT
32307	97	20	existence	existence	NN
32307	97	21	of	of	IN
32307	97	22	the	the	DT
32307	97	23	separate	separate	JJ
32307	97	24	ions	ion	NNS
32307	97	25	in	in	IN
32307	97	26	the	the	DT
32307	97	27	gas	gas	NN
32307	97	28	may	may	MD
32307	97	29	be	be	VB
32307	97	30	shown	show	VBN
32307	97	31	and	and	CC
32307	97	32	the	the	DT
32307	97	33	number	number	NN
32307	97	34	present	present	NN
32307	97	35	actually	actually	RB
32307	97	36	counted	count	VBN
32307	97	37	.	.	.
32307	98	1	When	when	WRB
32307	98	2	air	air	NN
32307	98	3	saturated	saturate	VBN
32307	98	4	with	with	IN
32307	98	5	water	water	NN
32307	98	6	vapor	vapor	NN
32307	98	7	is	be	VBZ
32307	98	8	allowed	allow	VBN
32307	98	9	to	to	TO
32307	98	10	expand	expand	VB
32307	98	11	suddenly	suddenly	RB
32307	98	12	,	,	,
32307	98	13	the	the	DT
32307	98	14	water	water	NN
32307	98	15	present	present	JJ
32307	98	16	forms	form	NNS
32307	98	17	a	a	DT
32307	98	18	mist	mist	NN
32307	98	19	of	of	IN
32307	98	20	small	small	JJ
32307	98	21	globules	globule	NNS
32307	98	22	.	.	.
32307	99	1	There	there	EX
32307	99	2	are	be	VBP
32307	99	3	always	always	RB
32307	99	4	small	small	JJ
32307	99	5	dust	dust	NN
32307	99	6	particles	particle	NNS
32307	99	7	in	in	IN
32307	99	8	air	air	NN
32307	99	9	and	and	CC
32307	99	10	around	around	IN
32307	99	11	these	these	DT
32307	99	12	as	as	IN
32307	99	13	nuclei	nucleus	NNS
32307	99	14	the	the	DT
32307	99	15	drops	drop	NNS
32307	99	16	are	be	VBP
32307	99	17	formed	form	VBN
32307	99	18	.	.	.
32307	100	1	These	these	DT
32307	100	2	drops	drop	NNS
32307	100	3	will	will	MD
32307	100	4	settle	settle	VB
32307	100	5	and	and	CC
32307	100	6	thus	thus	RB
32307	100	7	by	by	IN
32307	100	8	repeated	repeat	VBN
32307	100	9	small	small	JJ
32307	100	10	expansions	expansion	NNS
32307	100	11	all	all	DT
32307	100	12	dust	dust	NN
32307	100	13	nuclei	nucleus	NNS
32307	100	14	may	may	MD
32307	100	15	be	be	VB
32307	100	16	removed	remove	VBN
32307	100	17	and	and	CC
32307	100	18	no	no	DT
32307	100	19	mist	mist	NN
32307	100	20	or	or	CC
32307	100	21	cloud	cloud	NN
32307	100	22	will	will	MD
32307	100	23	be	be	VB
32307	100	24	formed	form	VBN
32307	100	25	by	by	IN
32307	100	26	further	further	JJ
32307	100	27	expansions	expansion	NNS
32307	100	28	.	.	.
32307	101	1	If	if	IN
32307	101	2	now	now	RB
32307	101	3	the	the	DT
32307	101	4	radiation	radiation	NN
32307	101	5	from	from	IN
32307	101	6	a	a	DT
32307	101	7	radio	radio	NN
32307	101	8	-	-	HYPH
32307	101	9	active	active	JJ
32307	101	10	body	body	NN
32307	101	11	be	be	VB
32307	101	12	introduced	introduce	VBN
32307	101	13	into	into	IN
32307	101	14	the	the	DT
32307	101	15	condensation	condensation	NN
32307	101	16	vessel	vessel	NN
32307	101	17	,	,	,
32307	101	18	a	a	DT
32307	101	19	new	new	JJ
32307	101	20	cloud	cloud	NN
32307	101	21	is	be	VBZ
32307	101	22	produced	produce	VBN
32307	101	23	in	in	IN
32307	101	24	which	which	WDT
32307	101	25	the	the	DT
32307	101	26	water	water	NN
32307	101	27	drops	drop	NNS
32307	101	28	are	be	VBP
32307	101	29	finer	fine	JJR
32307	101	30	and	and	CC
32307	101	31	more	more	RBR
32307	101	32	numerous	numerous	JJ
32307	101	33	according	accord	VBG
32307	101	34	to	to	IN
32307	101	35	the	the	DT
32307	101	36	intensity	intensity	NN
32307	101	37	of	of	IN
32307	101	38	the	the	DT
32307	101	39	rays	ray	NNS
32307	101	40	.	.	.
32307	102	1	On	on	IN
32307	102	2	passing	pass	VBG
32307	102	3	a	a	DT
32307	102	4	strong	strong	JJ
32307	102	5	beam	beam	NN
32307	102	6	of	of	IN
32307	102	7	light	light	NN
32307	102	8	through	through	IN
32307	102	9	the	the	DT
32307	102	10	condensation	condensation	NN
32307	102	11	chamber	chamber	NN
32307	102	12	,	,	,
32307	102	13	the	the	DT
32307	102	14	drops	drop	NNS
32307	102	15	can	can	MD
32307	102	16	readily	readily	RB
32307	102	17	be	be	VB
32307	102	18	seen	see	VBN
32307	102	19	.	.	.
32307	103	1	These	these	DT
32307	103	2	drops	drop	NNS
32307	103	3	form	form	VBP
32307	103	4	on	on	IN
32307	103	5	the	the	DT
32307	103	6	ions	ion	NNS
32307	103	7	produced	produce	VBN
32307	103	8	by	by	IN
32307	103	9	the	the	DT
32307	103	10	radiation	radiation	NN
32307	103	11	.	.	.
32307	104	1	Application	application	NN
32307	104	2	of	of	IN
32307	104	3	Electric	Electric	NNP
32307	104	4	Field	Field	NNP
32307	104	5	If	if	IN
32307	104	6	the	the	DT
32307	104	7	condensation	condensation	NN
32307	104	8	chamber	chamber	NN
32307	104	9	has	have	VBZ
32307	104	10	two	two	CD
32307	104	11	parallel	parallel	JJ
32307	104	12	plates	plate	NNS
32307	104	13	for	for	IN
32307	104	14	the	the	DT
32307	104	15	application	application	NN
32307	104	16	of	of	IN
32307	104	17	an	an	DT
32307	104	18	electric	electric	JJ
32307	104	19	field	field	NN
32307	104	20	like	like	IN
32307	104	21	that	that	DT
32307	104	22	already	already	RB
32307	104	23	described	describe	VBD
32307	104	24	,	,	,
32307	104	25	the	the	DT
32307	104	26	ions	ion	NNS
32307	104	27	will	will	MD
32307	104	28	be	be	VB
32307	104	29	carried	carry	VBN
32307	104	30	at	at	IN
32307	104	31	once	once	RB
32307	104	32	to	to	IN
32307	104	33	the	the	DT
32307	104	34	electrodes	electrode	NNS
32307	104	35	and	and	CC
32307	104	36	disappear	disappear	VBP
32307	104	37	.	.	.
32307	105	1	The	the	DT
32307	105	2	rapidity	rapidity	NN
32307	105	3	of	of	IN
32307	105	4	this	this	DT
32307	105	5	action	action	NN
32307	105	6	depends	depend	VBZ
32307	105	7	upon	upon	IN
32307	105	8	the	the	DT
32307	105	9	strength	strength	NN
32307	105	10	of	of	IN
32307	105	11	the	the	DT
32307	105	12	electric	electric	JJ
32307	105	13	field	field	NN
32307	105	14	and	and	CC
32307	105	15	experiment	experiment	NN
32307	105	16	shows	show	VBZ
32307	105	17	that	that	IN
32307	105	18	the	the	DT
32307	105	19	stronger	strong	JJR
32307	105	20	the	the	DT
32307	105	21	field	field	NN
32307	105	22	the	the	DT
32307	105	23	smaller	small	JJR
32307	105	24	the	the	DT
32307	105	25	number	number	NN
32307	105	26	of	of	IN
32307	105	27	condensation	condensation	NN
32307	105	28	drops	drop	NNS
32307	105	29	formed	form	VBN
32307	105	30	.	.	.
32307	106	1	If	if	IN
32307	106	2	there	there	EX
32307	106	3	is	be	VBZ
32307	106	4	no	no	DT
32307	106	5	electric	electric	JJ
32307	106	6	field	field	NN
32307	106	7	,	,	,
32307	106	8	a	a	DT
32307	106	9	cloud	cloud	NN
32307	106	10	can	can	MD
32307	106	11	be	be	VB
32307	106	12	produced	produce	VBN
32307	106	13	some	some	DT
32307	106	14	time	time	NN
32307	106	15	after	after	IN
32307	106	16	the	the	DT
32307	106	17	shutting	shutting	NN
32307	106	18	off	off	RP
32307	106	19	of	of	IN
32307	106	20	the	the	DT
32307	106	21	source	source	NN
32307	106	22	of	of	IN
32307	106	23	radiation	radiation	NN
32307	106	24	,	,	,
32307	106	25	showing	show	VBG
32307	106	26	that	that	DT
32307	106	27	time	time	NN
32307	106	28	is	be	VBZ
32307	106	29	required	require	VBN
32307	106	30	for	for	IN
32307	106	31	the	the	DT
32307	106	32	recombination	recombination	NN
32307	106	33	of	of	IN
32307	106	34	the	the	DT
32307	106	35	ions	ion	NNS
32307	106	36	.	.	.
32307	107	1	Size	size	NN
32307	107	2	and	and	CC
32307	107	3	Nature	Nature	NNP
32307	107	4	of	of	IN
32307	107	5	Ions	ion	NNS
32307	107	6	If	if	IN
32307	107	7	the	the	DT
32307	107	8	drops	drop	NNS
32307	107	9	are	be	VBP
32307	107	10	counted	count	VBN
32307	107	11	(	(	-LRB-
32307	107	12	there	there	EX
32307	107	13	being	be	VBG
32307	107	14	special	special	JJ
32307	107	15	methods	method	NNS
32307	107	16	for	for	IN
32307	107	17	this	this	DT
32307	107	18	)	)	-RRB-
32307	107	19	and	and	CC
32307	107	20	the	the	DT
32307	107	21	total	total	JJ
32307	107	22	current	current	NN
32307	107	23	carried	carry	VBN
32307	107	24	accurately	accurately	RB
32307	107	25	measured	measure	VBN
32307	107	26	,	,	,
32307	107	27	then	then	RB
32307	107	28	the	the	DT
32307	107	29	charge	charge	NN
32307	107	30	carried	carry	VBN
32307	107	31	by	by	IN
32307	107	32	each	each	DT
32307	107	33	ion	ion	NN
32307	107	34	may	may	MD
32307	107	35	be	be	VB
32307	107	36	calculated	calculate	VBN
32307	107	37	.	.	.
32307	108	1	This	this	DT
32307	108	2	has	have	VBZ
32307	108	3	been	be	VBN
32307	108	4	determined	determine	VBN
32307	108	5	.	.	.
32307	109	1	The	the	DT
32307	109	2	mass	mass	NN
32307	109	3	of	of	IN
32307	109	4	an	an	DT
32307	109	5	ion	ion	NN
32307	109	6	compared	compare	VBN
32307	109	7	with	with	IN
32307	109	8	the	the	DT
32307	109	9	mass	mass	NN
32307	109	10	of	of	IN
32307	109	11	the	the	DT
32307	109	12	molecules	molecule	NNS
32307	109	13	of	of	IN
32307	109	14	gas	gas	NN
32307	109	15	in	in	IN
32307	109	16	which	which	WDT
32307	109	17	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	109	18	was	be	VBD
32307	109	19	produced	produce	VBN
32307	109	20	can	can	MD
32307	109	21	also	also	RB
32307	109	22	be	be	VB
32307	109	23	approximately	approximately	RB
32307	109	24	estimated	estimate	VBN
32307	109	25	.	.	.
32307	110	1	In	in	IN
32307	110	2	the	the	DT
32307	110	3	study	study	NN
32307	110	4	of	of	IN
32307	110	5	these	these	DT
32307	110	6	ions	ion	NNS
32307	110	7	the	the	DT
32307	110	8	view	view	NN
32307	110	9	has	have	VBZ
32307	110	10	been	be	VBN
32307	110	11	held	hold	VBN
32307	110	12	that	that	IN
32307	110	13	the	the	DT
32307	110	14	charged	charge	VBN
32307	110	15	ion	ion	NN
32307	110	16	attracted	attract	VBD
32307	110	17	to	to	IN
32307	110	18	itself	-PRON-	PRP
32307	110	19	a	a	DT
32307	110	20	cluster	cluster	NN
32307	110	21	of	of	IN
32307	110	22	molecules	molecule	NNS
32307	110	23	which	which	WDT
32307	110	24	surrounded	surround	VBD
32307	110	25	the	the	DT
32307	110	26	charged	charge	VBN
32307	110	27	nucleus	nucleus	NN
32307	110	28	and	and	CC
32307	110	29	traveled	travel	VBD
32307	110	30	with	with	IN
32307	110	31	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	110	32	.	.	.
32307	111	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	111	2	is	be	VBZ
32307	111	3	roughly	roughly	RB
32307	111	4	estimated	estimate	VBN
32307	111	5	that	that	IN
32307	111	6	about	about	RB
32307	111	7	thirty	thirty	CD
32307	111	8	molecules	molecule	NNS
32307	111	9	of	of	IN
32307	111	10	the	the	DT
32307	111	11	gas	gas	NN
32307	111	12	cluster	cluster	NN
32307	111	13	around	around	IN
32307	111	14	each	each	DT
32307	111	15	charged	charge	VBN
32307	111	16	ion	ion	NN
32307	111	17	.	.	.
32307	112	1	Photographing	photograph	VBG
32307	112	2	the	the	DT
32307	112	3	Track	Track	NNP
32307	112	4	of	of	IN
32307	112	5	the	the	DT
32307	112	6	Ray	Ray	NNP
32307	112	7	Utilizing	utilize	VBG
32307	112	8	the	the	DT
32307	112	9	fact	fact	NN
32307	112	10	that	that	IN
32307	112	11	these	these	DT
32307	112	12	ions	ion	NNS
32307	112	13	with	with	IN
32307	112	14	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	112	15	clusters	cluster	NNS
32307	112	16	of	of	IN
32307	112	17	molecules	molecule	NNS
32307	112	18	form	form	VBP
32307	112	19	nuclei	nucleus	NNS
32307	112	20	for	for	IN
32307	112	21	the	the	DT
32307	112	22	condensation	condensation	NN
32307	112	23	of	of	IN
32307	112	24	water	water	NN
32307	112	25	vapor	vapor	NN
32307	112	26	,	,	,
32307	112	27	C.	C.	NNP
32307	112	28	T.	T.	NNP
32307	112	29	R.	R.	NNP
32307	112	30	Wilson	Wilson	NNP
32307	112	31	has	have	VBZ
32307	112	32	by	by	IN
32307	112	33	instantaneous	instantaneous	JJ
32307	112	34	photography	photography	NN
32307	112	35	been	be	VBN
32307	112	36	able	able	JJ
32307	112	37	to	to	TO
32307	112	38	photograph	photograph	VB
32307	112	39	the	the	DT
32307	112	40	track	track	NN
32307	112	41	of	of	IN
32307	112	42	an	an	DT
32307	112	43	ionizing	ionize	VBG
32307	112	44	ray	ray	NN
32307	112	45	through	through	IN
32307	112	46	air	air	NN
32307	112	47	.	.	.
32307	113	1	The	the	DT
32307	113	2	number	number	NN
32307	113	3	of	of	IN
32307	113	4	the	the	DT
32307	113	5	ions	ion	NNS
32307	113	6	produced	produce	VBN
32307	113	7	,	,	,
32307	113	8	and	and	CC
32307	113	9	hence	hence	RB
32307	113	10	the	the	DT
32307	113	11	number	number	NN
32307	113	12	of	of	IN
32307	113	13	drops	drop	NNS
32307	113	14	,	,	,
32307	113	15	is	be	VBZ
32307	113	16	so	so	RB
32307	113	17	great	great	JJ
32307	113	18	that	that	IN
32307	113	19	the	the	DT
32307	113	20	trail	trail	NN
32307	113	21	is	be	VBZ
32307	113	22	shown	show	VBN
32307	113	23	as	as	IN
32307	113	24	a	a	DT
32307	113	25	continuous	continuous	JJ
32307	113	26	line	line	NN
32307	113	27	.	.	.
32307	114	1	In	in	IN
32307	114	2	the	the	DT
32307	114	3	copy	copy	NN
32307	114	4	of	of	IN
32307	114	5	this	this	DT
32307	114	6	photograph	photograph	NN
32307	114	7	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	114	8	will	will	MD
32307	114	9	be	be	VB
32307	114	10	seen	see	VBN
32307	114	11	that	that	IN
32307	114	12	at	at	IN
32307	114	13	some	some	DT
32307	114	14	distance	distance	NN
32307	114	15	from	from	IN
32307	114	16	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	114	17	source	source	NN
32307	114	18	the	the	DT
32307	114	19	straight	straight	JJ
32307	114	20	trail	trail	NN
32307	114	21	is	be	VBZ
32307	114	22	slightly	slightly	RB
32307	114	23	but	but	CC
32307	114	24	abruptly	abruptly	RB
32307	114	25	bent	bent	JJ
32307	114	26	.	.	.
32307	115	1	Near	near	IN
32307	115	2	the	the	DT
32307	115	3	end	end	NN
32307	115	4	of	of	IN
32307	115	5	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	115	6	course	course	NN
32307	115	7	there	there	EX
32307	115	8	is	be	VBZ
32307	115	9	another	another	DT
32307	115	10	abrupt	abrupt	JJ
32307	115	11	and	and	CC
32307	115	12	much	much	JJ
32307	115	13	sharper	sharp	JJR
32307	115	14	bend	bend	NN
32307	115	15	.	.	.
32307	116	1	These	these	DT
32307	116	2	bends	bend	NNS
32307	116	3	show	show	VBP
32307	116	4	where	where	WRB
32307	116	5	the	the	DT
32307	116	6	ionizing	ionize	VBG
32307	116	7	ray	ray	NN
32307	116	8	,	,	,
32307	116	9	in	in	IN
32307	116	10	this	this	DT
32307	116	11	case	case	NN
32307	116	12	an	an	DT
32307	116	13	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	116	14	particle	particle	NN
32307	116	15	,	,	,
32307	116	16	has	have	VBZ
32307	116	17	been	be	VBN
32307	116	18	deflected	deflect	VBN
32307	116	19	by	by	IN
32307	116	20	more	more	JJR
32307	116	21	or	or	CC
32307	116	22	less	less	RBR
32307	116	23	direct	direct	JJ
32307	116	24	collision	collision	NN
32307	116	25	with	with	IN
32307	116	26	an	an	DT
32307	116	27	atom	atom	NN
32307	116	28	.	.	.
32307	117	1	These	these	DT
32307	117	2	collisions	collision	NNS
32307	117	3	and	and	CC
32307	117	4	the	the	DT
32307	117	5	final	final	JJ
32307	117	6	disappearance	disappearance	NN
32307	117	7	of	of	IN
32307	117	8	the	the	DT
32307	117	9	ray	ray	NN
32307	117	10	will	will	MD
32307	117	11	be	be	VB
32307	117	12	discussed	discuss	VBN
32307	117	13	later	later	RB
32307	117	14	.	.	.
32307	118	1	[	[	-LRB-
32307	118	2	Illustration	illustration	NN
32307	118	3	:	:	:
32307	118	4	FIG	FIG	NNP
32307	118	5	.	.	.
32307	119	1	2.--PHOTOGRAPH	2.--photograph	CD
32307	119	2	OF	of	IN
32307	119	3	THE	the	DT
32307	119	4	TRACK	track	NN
32307	119	5	OF	of	IN
32307	119	6	AN	an	DT
32307	119	7	IONIZING	ionizing	NN
32307	119	8	RAY	RAY	NNP
32307	119	9	.	.	.
32307	119	10	]	]	-RRB-
32307	120	1	Action	action	NN
32307	120	2	of	of	IN
32307	120	3	Radiations	radiation	NNS
32307	120	4	on	on	IN
32307	120	5	Photographic	Photographic	NNP
32307	120	6	Plates	Plates	NNPS
32307	120	7	Taking	take	VBG
32307	120	8	up	up	RP
32307	120	9	now	now	RB
32307	120	10	other	other	JJ
32307	120	11	means	mean	NNS
32307	120	12	of	of	IN
32307	120	13	examining	examine	VBG
32307	120	14	these	these	DT
32307	120	15	radiations	radiation	NNS
32307	120	16	,	,	,
32307	120	17	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	120	18	is	be	VBZ
32307	120	19	well	well	JJ
32307	120	20	to	to	TO
32307	120	21	consider	consider	VB
32307	120	22	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	120	23	action	action	NN
32307	120	24	upon	upon	IN
32307	120	25	a	a	DT
32307	120	26	photographic	photographic	JJ
32307	120	27	or	or	CC
32307	120	28	sensitive	sensitive	JJ
32307	120	29	plate	plate	NN
32307	120	30	.	.	.
32307	121	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	121	2	will	will	MD
32307	121	3	be	be	VB
32307	121	4	recalled	recall	VBN
32307	121	5	that	that	IN
32307	121	6	this	this	DT
32307	121	7	was	be	VBD
32307	121	8	the	the	DT
32307	121	9	method	method	NN
32307	121	10	by	by	IN
32307	121	11	which	which	WDT
32307	121	12	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	121	13	existence	existence	NN
32307	121	14	was	be	VBD
32307	121	15	originally	originally	RB
32307	121	16	detected	detect	VBN
32307	121	17	.	.	.
32307	122	1	To	to	TO
32307	122	2	illustrate	illustrate	VB
32307	122	3	the	the	DT
32307	122	4	method	method	NN
32307	122	5	,	,	,
32307	122	6	the	the	DT
32307	122	7	following	follow	VBG
32307	122	8	account	account	NN
32307	122	9	of	of	IN
32307	122	10	how	how	WRB
32307	122	11	one	one	CD
32307	122	12	such	such	JJ
32307	122	13	photograph	photograph	NN
32307	122	14	was	be	VBD
32307	122	15	taken	take	VBN
32307	122	16	may	may	MD
32307	122	17	be	be	VB
32307	122	18	given	give	VBN
32307	122	19	.	.	.
32307	123	1	The	the	DT
32307	123	2	plate	plate	NN
32307	123	3	was	be	VBD
32307	123	4	wrapped	wrap	VBN
32307	123	5	in	in	IN
32307	123	6	two	two	CD
32307	123	7	thicknesses	thickness	NNS
32307	123	8	of	of	IN
32307	123	9	black	black	JJ
32307	123	10	paper	paper	NN
32307	123	11	.	.	.
32307	124	1	The	the	DT
32307	124	2	objects	object	NNS
32307	124	3	were	be	VBD
32307	124	4	placed	place	VBN
32307	124	5	upon	upon	IN
32307	124	6	this	this	DT
32307	124	7	and	and	CC
32307	124	8	the	the	DT
32307	124	9	radio	radio	NN
32307	124	10	-	-	HYPH
32307	124	11	active	active	JJ
32307	124	12	ore	ore	NN
32307	124	13	,	,	,
32307	124	14	separated	separate	VBN
32307	124	15	by	by	IN
32307	124	16	a	a	DT
32307	124	17	board	board	NN
32307	124	18	one	one	CD
32307	124	19	inch	inch	NN
32307	124	20	thick	thick	JJ
32307	124	21	,	,	,
32307	124	22	was	be	VBD
32307	124	23	placed	place	VBN
32307	124	24	above	above	RB
32307	124	25	.	.	.
32307	125	1	The	the	DT
32307	125	2	exposure	exposure	NN
32307	125	3	lasted	last	VBD
32307	125	4	five	five	CD
32307	125	5	days	day	NNS
32307	125	6	.	.	.
32307	126	1	The	the	DT
32307	126	2	action	action	NN
32307	126	3	is	be	VBZ
32307	126	4	much	much	RB
32307	126	5	less	less	RBR
32307	126	6	rapid	rapid	JJ
32307	126	7	and	and	CC
32307	126	8	the	the	DT
32307	126	9	result	result	NN
32307	126	10	not	not	RB
32307	126	11	so	so	RB
32307	126	12	clearly	clearly	RB
32307	126	13	defined	define	VBN
32307	126	14	as	as	IN
32307	126	15	in	in	IN
32307	126	16	the	the	DT
32307	126	17	case	case	NN
32307	126	18	of	of	IN
32307	126	19	photographs	photograph	NNS
32307	126	20	taken	take	VBN
32307	126	21	by	by	IN
32307	126	22	_	_	NNP
32307	126	23	X	X	NNP
32307	126	24	_	_	NNP
32307	126	25	rays	ray	NNS
32307	126	26	.	.	.
32307	127	1	Of	of	RB
32307	127	2	course	course	RB
32307	127	3	,	,	,
32307	127	4	the	the	DT
32307	127	5	removal	removal	NN
32307	127	6	of	of	IN
32307	127	7	the	the	DT
32307	127	8	board	board	NN
32307	127	9	and	and	CC
32307	127	10	the	the	DT
32307	127	11	use	use	NN
32307	127	12	of	of	IN
32307	127	13	more	more	RBR
32307	127	14	concentrated	concentrated	JJ
32307	127	15	preparations	preparation	NNS
32307	127	16	of	of	IN
32307	127	17	radium	radium	NN
32307	127	18	would	would	MD
32307	127	19	give	give	VB
32307	127	20	quicker	quick	JJR
32307	127	21	and	and	CC
32307	127	22	better	well	JJR
32307	127	23	results	result	NNS
32307	127	24	.	.	.
32307	128	1	The	the	DT
32307	128	2	method	method	NN
32307	128	3	,	,	,
32307	128	4	however	however	RB
32307	128	5	,	,	,
32307	128	6	on	on	IN
32307	128	7	account	account	NN
32307	128	8	of	of	IN
32307	128	9	time	time	NN
32307	128	10	consumed	consume	VBN
32307	128	11	and	and	CC
32307	128	12	lack	lack	NN
32307	128	13	of	of	IN
32307	128	14	definition	definition	NN
32307	128	15	is	be	VBZ
32307	128	16	ill	ill	RB
32307	128	17	adapted	adapt	VBN
32307	128	18	to	to	IN
32307	128	19	accurate	accurate	JJ
32307	128	20	work	work	NN
32307	128	21	.	.	.
32307	129	1	[	[	-LRB-
32307	129	2	Illustration	illustration	NN
32307	129	3	:	:	:
32307	129	4	FIG	FIG	NNP
32307	129	5	.	.	.
32307	130	1	3	3	LS
32307	130	2	-	-	HYPH
32307	130	3	-PHOTOGRAPH	-photograph	NN
32307	130	4	OF	of	IN
32307	130	5	VARIOUS	VARIOUS	NNP
32307	130	6	OBJECTS	OBJECTS	NNP
32307	130	7	TAKEN	TAKEN	NNP
32307	130	8	BY	by	IN
32307	130	9	MEANS	mean	NNS
32307	130	10	OF	of	IN
32307	130	11	PITCHBLENDE	PITCHBLENDE	NNP
32307	130	12	]	]	-RRB-
32307	130	13	Discharge	Discharge	NNP
32307	130	14	of	of	IN
32307	130	15	Electrified	electrify	VBN
32307	130	16	Bodies	Bodies	NNPS
32307	130	17	The	the	DT
32307	130	18	radiations	radiation	NNS
32307	130	19	from	from	IN
32307	130	20	radio	radio	NN
32307	130	21	-	-	HYPH
32307	130	22	active	active	JJ
32307	130	23	bodies	body	NNS
32307	130	24	can	can	MD
32307	130	25	discharge	discharge	VB
32307	130	26	both	both	DT
32307	130	27	positively	positively	RB
32307	130	28	and	and	CC
32307	130	29	negatively	negatively	RB
32307	130	30	electrified	electrify	VBN
32307	130	31	bodies	body	NNS
32307	130	32	by	by	IN
32307	130	33	making	make	VBG
32307	130	34	the	the	DT
32307	130	35	air	air	NN
32307	130	36	surrounding	surround	VBG
32307	130	37	them	-PRON-	PRP
32307	130	38	a	a	DT
32307	130	39	conductor	conductor	NN
32307	130	40	of	of	IN
32307	130	41	electricity	electricity	NN
32307	130	42	.	.	.
32307	131	1	To	to	TO
32307	131	2	demonstrate	demonstrate	VB
32307	131	3	this	this	DT
32307	131	4	,	,	,
32307	131	5	use	use	NN
32307	131	6	is	be	VBZ
32307	131	7	made	make	VBN
32307	131	8	of	of	IN
32307	131	9	an	an	DT
32307	131	10	electroscope	electroscope	NN
32307	131	11	.	.	.
32307	132	1	If	if	IN
32307	132	2	the	the	DT
32307	132	3	hinged	hinged	JJ
32307	132	4	leaf	leaf	NN
32307	132	5	of	of	IN
32307	132	6	such	such	PDT
32307	132	7	an	an	DT
32307	132	8	instrument	instrument	NN
32307	132	9	be	be	VB
32307	132	10	electrically	electrically	RB
32307	132	11	charged	charge	VBN
32307	132	12	and	and	CC
32307	132	13	a	a	DT
32307	132	14	radio	radio	NN
32307	132	15	-	-	HYPH
32307	132	16	active	active	JJ
32307	132	17	body	body	NN
32307	132	18	be	be	VB
32307	132	19	brought	bring	VBN
32307	132	20	into	into	IN
32307	132	21	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	132	22	neighborhood	neighborhood	NN
32307	132	23	,	,	,
32307	132	24	the	the	DT
32307	132	25	electricity	electricity	NN
32307	132	26	will	will	MD
32307	132	27	be	be	VB
32307	132	28	discharged	discharge	VBN
32307	132	29	and	and	CC
32307	132	30	the	the	DT
32307	132	31	leaf	leaf	NN
32307	132	32	return	return	NN
32307	132	33	to	to	IN
32307	132	34	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	132	35	original	original	JJ
32307	132	36	position	position	NN
32307	132	37	.	.	.
32307	133	1	The	the	DT
32307	133	2	rapidity	rapidity	NN
32307	133	3	of	of	IN
32307	133	4	this	this	DT
32307	133	5	discharge	discharge	NN
32307	133	6	is	be	VBZ
32307	133	7	used	use	VBN
32307	133	8	to	to	TO
32307	133	9	measure	measure	VB
32307	133	10	the	the	DT
32307	133	11	degree	degree	NN
32307	133	12	of	of	IN
32307	133	13	activity	activity	NN
32307	133	14	of	of	IN
32307	133	15	the	the	DT
32307	133	16	body	body	NN
32307	133	17	giving	give	VBG
32307	133	18	off	off	RP
32307	133	19	the	the	DT
32307	133	20	radiation	radiation	NN
32307	133	21	.	.	.
32307	134	1	[	[	-LRB-
32307	134	2	Illustration	illustration	NN
32307	134	3	:	:	:
32307	134	4	FIG	FIG	NNP
32307	134	5	.	.	.
32307	135	1	4.--GOLD	4.--gold	LS
32307	135	2	-	-	HYPH
32307	135	3	LEAF	leaf	NN
32307	135	4	ELECTROSCOPE	electroscope	NN
32307	135	5	.	.	.
32307	136	1	The	the	DT
32307	136	2	gold	gold	JJ
32307	136	3	-	-	HYPH
32307	136	4	leaf	leaf	NN
32307	136	5	_	_	NNP
32307	136	6	L	L	NNP
32307	136	7	_	_	NNP
32307	136	8	is	be	VBZ
32307	136	9	attached	attach	VBN
32307	136	10	to	to	IN
32307	136	11	a	a	DT
32307	136	12	flat	flat	JJ
32307	136	13	rod	rod	NN
32307	136	14	_	_	NNP
32307	136	15	R	R	NNP
32307	136	16	_	_	NNP
32307	136	17	and	and	CC
32307	136	18	is	be	VBZ
32307	136	19	insulated	insulate	VBN
32307	136	20	inside	inside	IN
32307	136	21	the	the	DT
32307	136	22	vessel	vessel	NN
32307	136	23	by	by	IN
32307	136	24	a	a	DT
32307	136	25	piece	piece	NN
32307	136	26	of	of	IN
32307	136	27	amber	amber	NN
32307	136	28	_	_	NNP
32307	136	29	S	S	NNP
32307	136	30	_	_	NNP
32307	136	31	supported	support	VBD
32307	136	32	from	from	IN
32307	136	33	the	the	DT
32307	136	34	rod	rod	NN
32307	136	35	_	_	NNP
32307	136	36	P	P	NNP
32307	136	37	_	_	NNP
32307	136	38	.	.	.
32307	137	1	The	the	DT
32307	137	2	system	system	NN
32307	137	3	is	be	VBZ
32307	137	4	charged	charge	VBN
32307	137	5	by	by	IN
32307	137	6	a	a	DT
32307	137	7	bent	bent	JJ
32307	137	8	rod	rod	NN
32307	137	9	_	_	NNP
32307	137	10	CC	CC	NNP
32307	137	11	'	'	''
32307	137	12	_	_	NNP
32307	137	13	passing	pass	VBG
32307	137	14	through	through	IN
32307	137	15	an	an	DT
32307	137	16	ebonite	ebonite	JJ
32307	137	17	stopper	stopper	NN
32307	137	18	.	.	.
32307	138	1	After	after	IN
32307	138	2	charging	charge	VBG
32307	138	3	,	,	,
32307	138	4	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	138	5	is	be	VBZ
32307	138	6	removed	remove	VBN
32307	138	7	from	from	IN
32307	138	8	contact	contact	NN
32307	138	9	with	with	IN
32307	138	10	the	the	DT
32307	138	11	gold	gold	JJ
32307	138	12	-	-	HYPH
32307	138	13	leaf	leaf	NN
32307	138	14	system	system	NN
32307	138	15	.	.	.
32307	139	1	The	the	DT
32307	139	2	rods	rod	NNS
32307	139	3	_	_	NNP
32307	139	4	P	P	NNP
32307	139	5	_	_	NNP
32307	139	6	and	and	CC
32307	139	7	_	_	NNP
32307	139	8	C	C	NNP
32307	139	9	_	_	NNP
32307	139	10	and	and	CC
32307	139	11	the	the	DT
32307	139	12	cylinder	cylinder	NN
32307	139	13	are	be	VBP
32307	139	14	then	then	RB
32307	139	15	connected	connect	VBN
32307	139	16	with	with	IN
32307	139	17	the	the	DT
32307	139	18	earth	earth	NN
32307	139	19	.	.	.
32307	139	20	]	]	-RRB-
32307	140	1	Scintillations	scintillation	NNS
32307	140	2	on	on	IN
32307	140	3	Phosphorescent	Phosphorescent	NNP
32307	140	4	Bodies	Bodies	NNPS
32307	140	5	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	140	6	was	be	VBD
32307	140	7	found	find	VBN
32307	140	8	by	by	IN
32307	140	9	Crookes	crooke	NNS
32307	140	10	that	that	IN
32307	140	11	a	a	DT
32307	140	12	screen	screen	NN
32307	140	13	covered	cover	VBN
32307	140	14	with	with	IN
32307	140	15	phosphorescent	phosphorescent	JJ
32307	140	16	zinc	zinc	NN
32307	140	17	sulphide	sulphide	NN
32307	140	18	was	be	VBD
32307	140	19	brightly	brightly	RB
32307	140	20	lighted	light	VBN
32307	140	21	up	up	RP
32307	140	22	when	when	WRB
32307	140	23	exposed	expose	VBN
32307	140	24	to	to	IN
32307	140	25	the	the	DT
32307	140	26	radiations	radiation	NNS
32307	140	27	.	.	.
32307	141	1	This	this	DT
32307	141	2	is	be	VBZ
32307	141	3	due	due	JJ
32307	141	4	to	to	IN
32307	141	5	the	the	DT
32307	141	6	bombardment	bombardment	NN
32307	141	7	of	of	IN
32307	141	8	the	the	DT
32307	141	9	zinc	zinc	NN
32307	141	10	sulphide	sulphide	NN
32307	141	11	by	by	IN
32307	141	12	a	a	DT
32307	141	13	type	type	NN
32307	141	14	of	of	IN
32307	141	15	ray	ray	NN
32307	141	16	called	call	VBD
32307	141	17	the	the	DT
32307	141	18	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	141	19	ray	ray	NN
32307	141	20	.	.	.
32307	142	1	Under	under	IN
32307	142	2	a	a	DT
32307	142	3	magnifying	magnifying	NN
32307	142	4	glass	glass	NN
32307	142	5	this	this	DT
32307	142	6	light	light	NN
32307	142	7	is	be	VBZ
32307	142	8	seen	see	VBN
32307	142	9	to	to	TO
32307	142	10	be	be	VB
32307	142	11	made	make	VBN
32307	142	12	up	up	RP
32307	142	13	of	of	IN
32307	142	14	a	a	DT
32307	142	15	number	number	NN
32307	142	16	of	of	IN
32307	142	17	scintillating	scintillate	VBG
32307	142	18	points	point	NNS
32307	142	19	of	of	IN
32307	142	20	light	light	NN
32307	142	21	and	and	CC
32307	142	22	is	be	VBZ
32307	142	23	not	not	RB
32307	142	24	continuous	continuous	JJ
32307	142	25	,	,	,
32307	142	26	each	each	DT
32307	142	27	scintillation	scintillation	NN
32307	142	28	being	be	VBG
32307	142	29	of	of	IN
32307	142	30	very	very	RB
32307	142	31	short	short	JJ
32307	142	32	duration	duration	NN
32307	142	33	.	.	.
32307	143	1	By	by	IN
32307	143	2	proper	proper	JJ
32307	143	3	subdivision	subdivision	NN
32307	143	4	of	of	IN
32307	143	5	the	the	DT
32307	143	6	field	field	NN
32307	143	7	under	under	IN
32307	143	8	the	the	DT
32307	143	9	lens	lens	NN
32307	143	10	,	,	,
32307	143	11	the	the	DT
32307	143	12	number	number	NN
32307	143	13	of	of	IN
32307	143	14	scintillations	scintillation	NNS
32307	143	15	can	can	MD
32307	143	16	be	be	VB
32307	143	17	counted	count	VBN
32307	143	18	with	with	IN
32307	143	19	close	close	JJ
32307	143	20	accuracy	accuracy	NN
32307	143	21	.	.	.
32307	144	1	A	a	DT
32307	144	2	simple	simple	JJ
32307	144	3	form	form	NN
32307	144	4	of	of	IN
32307	144	5	apparatus	apparatus	NN
32307	144	6	called	call	VBN
32307	144	7	the	the	DT
32307	144	8	spinthariscope	spinthariscope	NN
32307	144	9	has	have	VBZ
32307	144	10	been	be	VBN
32307	144	11	devised	devise	VBN
32307	144	12	to	to	TO
32307	144	13	show	show	VB
32307	144	14	these	these	DT
32307	144	15	scintillations	scintillation	NNS
32307	144	16	.	.	.
32307	145	1	A	a	DT
32307	145	2	zinc	zinc	NN
32307	145	3	sulphide	sulphide	NN
32307	145	4	screen	screen	NN
32307	145	5	is	be	VBZ
32307	145	6	fixed	fix	VBN
32307	145	7	in	in	IN
32307	145	8	one	one	CD
32307	145	9	end	end	NN
32307	145	10	of	of	IN
32307	145	11	a	a	DT
32307	145	12	small	small	JJ
32307	145	13	tube	tube	NN
32307	145	14	and	and	CC
32307	145	15	a	a	DT
32307	145	16	plate	plate	NN
32307	145	17	carrying	carry	VBG
32307	145	18	a	a	DT
32307	145	19	trace	trace	NN
32307	145	20	of	of	IN
32307	145	21	radium	radium	NN
32307	145	22	is	be	VBZ
32307	145	23	placed	place	VBN
32307	145	24	very	very	RB
32307	145	25	close	close	RB
32307	145	26	to	to	IN
32307	145	27	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	145	28	.	.	.
32307	146	1	The	the	DT
32307	146	2	scintillations	scintillation	NNS
32307	146	3	can	can	MD
32307	146	4	be	be	VB
32307	146	5	observed	observe	VBN
32307	146	6	through	through	IN
32307	146	7	an	an	DT
32307	146	8	adjustable	adjustable	JJ
32307	146	9	lens	lens	NN
32307	146	10	at	at	IN
32307	146	11	the	the	DT
32307	146	12	other	other	JJ
32307	146	13	end	end	NN
32307	146	14	of	of	IN
32307	146	15	the	the	DT
32307	146	16	tube	tube	NN
32307	146	17	.	.	.
32307	147	1	Outer	outer	JJ
32307	147	2	light	light	NN
32307	147	3	should	should	MD
32307	147	4	be	be	VB
32307	147	5	cut	cut	VBN
32307	147	6	off	off	RP
32307	147	7	,	,	,
32307	147	8	as	as	IN
32307	147	9	in	in	IN
32307	147	10	a	a	DT
32307	147	11	dark	dark	JJ
32307	147	12	room	room	NN
32307	147	13	.	.	.
32307	148	1	The	the	DT
32307	148	2	screen	screen	NN
32307	148	3	then	then	RB
32307	148	4	appears	appear	VBZ
32307	148	5	to	to	TO
32307	148	6	be	be	VB
32307	148	7	covered	cover	VBN
32307	148	8	with	with	IN
32307	148	9	brilliant	brilliant	JJ
32307	148	10	flashes	flash	NNS
32307	148	11	of	of	IN
32307	148	12	light	light	NN
32307	148	13	.	.	.
32307	149	1	Other	other	JJ
32307	149	2	phosphorescent	phosphorescent	JJ
32307	149	3	substances	substance	NNS
32307	149	4	,	,	,
32307	149	5	such	such	JJ
32307	149	6	as	as	IN
32307	149	7	barium	barium	NN
32307	149	8	platino	platino	NN
32307	149	9	-	-	HYPH
32307	149	10	cyanide	cyanide	NN
32307	149	11	,	,	,
32307	149	12	may	may	MD
32307	149	13	be	be	VB
32307	149	14	substituted	substitute	VBN
32307	149	15	for	for	IN
32307	149	16	the	the	DT
32307	149	17	zinc	zinc	NN
32307	149	18	sulphide	sulphide	NN
32307	149	19	,	,	,
32307	149	20	but	but	CC
32307	149	21	they	-PRON-	PRP
32307	149	22	do	do	VBP
32307	149	23	not	not	RB
32307	149	24	answer	answer	VB
32307	149	25	so	so	RB
32307	149	26	well	well	RB
32307	149	27	.	.	.
32307	150	1	Penetrating	Penetrating	NNP
32307	150	2	Power	Power	NNP
32307	150	3	By	by	IN
32307	150	4	penetrating	penetrating	NN
32307	150	5	power	power	NN
32307	150	6	is	be	VBZ
32307	150	7	meant	mean	VBN
32307	150	8	the	the	DT
32307	150	9	power	power	NN
32307	150	10	exhibited	exhibit	VBN
32307	150	11	by	by	IN
32307	150	12	the	the	DT
32307	150	13	rays	ray	NNS
32307	150	14	of	of	IN
32307	150	15	passing	pass	VBG
32307	150	16	through	through	IN
32307	150	17	solids	solid	NNS
32307	150	18	of	of	IN
32307	150	19	different	different	JJ
32307	150	20	thicknesses	thickness	NNS
32307	150	21	and	and	CC
32307	150	22	gases	gas	NNS
32307	150	23	of	of	IN
32307	150	24	various	various	JJ
32307	150	25	depths	depth	NNS
32307	150	26	.	.	.
32307	151	1	This	this	DT
32307	151	2	power	power	NN
32307	151	3	varies	vary	VBZ
32307	151	4	with	with	IN
32307	151	5	different	different	JJ
32307	151	6	radiations	radiation	NNS
32307	151	7	and	and	CC
32307	151	8	with	with	IN
32307	151	9	the	the	DT
32307	151	10	nature	nature	NN
32307	151	11	of	of	IN
32307	151	12	the	the	DT
32307	151	13	solid	solid	JJ
32307	151	14	or	or	CC
32307	151	15	gas	gas	NN
32307	151	16	.	.	.
32307	152	1	For	for	IN
32307	152	2	instance	instance	NN
32307	152	3	,	,	,
32307	152	4	a	a	DT
32307	152	5	sheet	sheet	NN
32307	152	6	of	of	IN
32307	152	7	metallic	metallic	JJ
32307	152	8	foil	foil	NN
32307	152	9	may	may	MD
32307	152	10	be	be	VB
32307	152	11	used	use	VBN
32307	152	12	and	and	CC
32307	152	13	the	the	DT
32307	152	14	effect	effect	NN
32307	152	15	of	of	IN
32307	152	16	aluminum	aluminum	NN
32307	152	17	will	will	MD
32307	152	18	differ	differ	VB
32307	152	19	from	from	IN
32307	152	20	that	that	DT
32307	152	21	of	of	IN
32307	152	22	gold	gold	NN
32307	152	23	and	and	CC
32307	152	24	the	the	DT
32307	152	25	different	different	JJ
32307	152	26	rays	ray	NNS
32307	152	27	vary	vary	VBP
32307	152	28	in	in	IN
32307	152	29	penetrating	penetrating	NN
32307	152	30	power	power	NN
32307	152	31	.	.	.
32307	153	1	In	in	IN
32307	153	2	the	the	DT
32307	153	3	case	case	NN
32307	153	4	of	of	IN
32307	153	5	gases	gas	NNS
32307	153	6	air	air	NN
32307	153	7	will	will	MD
32307	153	8	differ	differ	VB
32307	153	9	from	from	IN
32307	153	10	hydrogen	hydrogen	NN
32307	153	11	,	,	,
32307	153	12	and	and	CC
32307	153	13	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	153	14	is	be	VBZ
32307	153	15	noticed	notice	VBN
32307	153	16	that	that	IN
32307	153	17	certain	certain	JJ
32307	153	18	rays	ray	NNS
32307	153	19	disappear	disappear	VBP
32307	153	20	after	after	IN
32307	153	21	penetrating	penetrate	VBG
32307	153	22	a	a	DT
32307	153	23	short	short	JJ
32307	153	24	distance	distance	NN
32307	153	25	,	,	,
32307	153	26	while	while	IN
32307	153	27	others	other	NNS
32307	153	28	can	can	MD
32307	153	29	penetrate	penetrate	VB
32307	153	30	further	far	RBR
32307	153	31	before	before	IN
32307	153	32	being	be	VBG
32307	153	33	lost	lose	VBN
32307	153	34	.	.	.
32307	154	1	Magnetic	Magnetic	NNP
32307	154	2	Deflection	Deflection	NNP
32307	154	3	If	if	IN
32307	154	4	the	the	DT
32307	154	5	radiations	radiation	NNS
32307	154	6	are	be	VBP
32307	154	7	subjected	subject	VBN
32307	154	8	to	to	IN
32307	154	9	the	the	DT
32307	154	10	action	action	NN
32307	154	11	of	of	IN
32307	154	12	a	a	DT
32307	154	13	strong	strong	JJ
32307	154	14	magnetic	magnetic	JJ
32307	154	15	field	field	NN
32307	154	16	,	,	,
32307	154	17	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	154	18	is	be	VBZ
32307	154	19	found	find	VBN
32307	154	20	that	that	IN
32307	154	21	part	part	NN
32307	154	22	of	of	IN
32307	154	23	them	-PRON-	PRP
32307	154	24	are	be	VBP
32307	154	25	much	much	RB
32307	154	26	deflected	deflect	VBN
32307	154	27	in	in	IN
32307	154	28	the	the	DT
32307	154	29	magnetic	magnetic	JJ
32307	154	30	field	field	NN
32307	154	31	and	and	CC
32307	154	32	describe	describe	VBP
32307	154	33	circular	circular	JJ
32307	154	34	orbits	orbit	NNS
32307	154	35	,	,	,
32307	154	36	part	part	NN
32307	154	37	are	be	VBP
32307	154	38	only	only	RB
32307	154	39	slightly	slightly	RB
32307	154	40	deflected	deflect	VBN
32307	154	41	and	and	CC
32307	154	42	in	in	IN
32307	154	43	the	the	DT
32307	154	44	opposite	opposite	JJ
32307	154	45	direction	direction	NN
32307	154	46	from	from	IN
32307	154	47	the	the	DT
32307	154	48	first	first	JJ
32307	154	49	,	,	,
32307	154	50	and	and	CC
32307	154	51	the	the	DT
32307	154	52	remaining	remaining	JJ
32307	154	53	rays	ray	NNS
32307	154	54	are	be	VBP
32307	154	55	entirely	entirely	RB
32307	154	56	unaffected	unaffected	JJ
32307	154	57	.	.	.
32307	155	1	[	[	-LRB-
32307	155	2	Illustration	illustration	NN
32307	155	3	:	:	:
32307	155	4	FIG	FIG	NNP
32307	155	5	.	.	.
32307	156	1	5.--SHOWING	5.--showing	CD
32307	156	2	MAGNETIC	magnetic	JJ
32307	156	3	DEFLECTION	deflection	NN
32307	156	4	OF	of	IN
32307	156	5	[	[	-LRB-
32307	156	6	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	156	7	]	]	-RRB-
32307	156	8	,	,	,
32307	156	9	[	[	-LRB-
32307	156	10	beta	beta	NN
32307	156	11	]	]	-RRB-
32307	156	12	,	,	,
32307	156	13	AND	and	CC
32307	156	14	[	[	-LRB-
32307	156	15	gamma	gamma	NN
32307	156	16	]	]	-RRB-
32307	156	17	RAYS	RAYS	NNP
32307	156	18	.	.	.
32307	156	19	]	]	-RRB-
32307	157	1	Three	three	CD
32307	157	2	Types	type	NNS
32307	157	3	of	of	IN
32307	157	4	Rays	ray	NNS
32307	157	5	By	by	IN
32307	157	6	the	the	DT
32307	157	7	use	use	NN
32307	157	8	of	of	IN
32307	157	9	these	these	DT
32307	157	10	methods	method	NNS
32307	157	11	of	of	IN
32307	157	12	investigation	investigation	NN
32307	157	13	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	157	14	is	be	VBZ
32307	157	15	learned	learn	VBN
32307	157	16	that	that	IN
32307	157	17	the	the	DT
32307	157	18	radiations	radiation	NNS
32307	157	19	consist	consist	VBP
32307	157	20	of	of	IN
32307	157	21	three	three	CD
32307	157	22	types	type	NNS
32307	157	23	of	of	IN
32307	157	24	rays	ray	NNS
32307	157	25	.	.	.
32307	158	1	These	these	DT
32307	158	2	have	have	VBP
32307	158	3	been	be	VBN
32307	158	4	named	name	VBN
32307	158	5	the	the	DT
32307	158	6	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	158	7	,	,	,
32307	158	8	beta	beta	NN
32307	158	9	,	,	,
32307	158	10	and	and	CC
32307	158	11	gamma	gamma	NN
32307	158	12	rays	ray	NNS
32307	158	13	,	,	,
32307	158	14	respectively	respectively	RB
32307	158	15	.	.	.
32307	159	1	Some	some	DT
32307	159	2	radio	radio	NN
32307	159	3	-	-	HYPH
32307	159	4	active	active	JJ
32307	159	5	bodies	body	NNS
32307	159	6	emit	emit	VBP
32307	159	7	all	all	DT
32307	159	8	three	three	CD
32307	159	9	types	type	NNS
32307	159	10	,	,	,
32307	159	11	some	some	DT
32307	159	12	two	two	CD
32307	159	13	,	,	,
32307	159	14	and	and	CC
32307	159	15	some	some	DT
32307	159	16	only	only	JJ
32307	159	17	one	one	CD
32307	159	18	.	.	.
32307	160	1	The	the	DT
32307	160	2	distinguishing	distinguish	VBG
32307	160	3	characteristic	characteristic	NN
32307	160	4	of	of	IN
32307	160	5	these	these	DT
32307	160	6	types	type	NNS
32307	160	7	of	of	IN
32307	160	8	rays	ray	NNS
32307	160	9	may	may	MD
32307	160	10	be	be	VB
32307	160	11	summed	sum	VBN
32307	160	12	up	up	RP
32307	160	13	as	as	IN
32307	160	14	follows	follow	VBZ
32307	160	15	:	:	:
32307	160	16	Alpha	alpha	NN
32307	160	17	Rays	ray	NNS
32307	160	18	The	the	DT
32307	160	19	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	160	20	rays	ray	NNS
32307	160	21	have	have	VBP
32307	160	22	a	a	DT
32307	160	23	positive	positive	JJ
32307	160	24	electrical	electrical	JJ
32307	160	25	charge	charge	NN
32307	160	26	and	and	CC
32307	160	27	a	a	DT
32307	160	28	comparatively	comparatively	RB
32307	160	29	low	low	JJ
32307	160	30	penetrating	penetrating	NN
32307	160	31	power	power	NN
32307	160	32	.	.	.
32307	161	1	They	-PRON-	PRP
32307	161	2	are	be	VBP
32307	161	3	slightly	slightly	RB
32307	161	4	deflected	deflect	VBN
32307	161	5	in	in	IN
32307	161	6	strong	strong	JJ
32307	161	7	magnetic	magnetic	JJ
32307	161	8	and	and	CC
32307	161	9	electric	electric	JJ
32307	161	10	fields	field	NNS
32307	161	11	.	.	.
32307	162	1	They	-PRON-	PRP
32307	162	2	have	have	VBP
32307	162	3	a	a	DT
32307	162	4	great	great	JJ
32307	162	5	ionizing	ionizing	NN
32307	162	6	power	power	NN
32307	162	7	and	and	CC
32307	162	8	a	a	DT
32307	162	9	velocity	velocity	NN
32307	162	10	about	about	IN
32307	162	11	one	one	CD
32307	162	12	-	-	HYPH
32307	162	13	fifteenth	fifteenth	NN
32307	162	14	that	that	DT
32307	162	15	of	of	IN
32307	162	16	light	light	NN
32307	162	17	.	.	.
32307	163	1	Beta	beta	NN
32307	163	2	Rays	ray	NNS
32307	163	3	The	the	DT
32307	163	4	beta	beta	NN
32307	163	5	rays	ray	NNS
32307	163	6	are	be	VBP
32307	163	7	negatively	negatively	RB
32307	163	8	charged	charge	VBN
32307	163	9	and	and	CC
32307	163	10	have	have	VB
32307	163	11	a	a	DT
32307	163	12	greater	great	JJR
32307	163	13	penetrating	penetrating	NN
32307	163	14	power	power	NN
32307	163	15	than	than	IN
32307	163	16	the	the	DT
32307	163	17	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	163	18	rays	ray	NNS
32307	163	19	.	.	.
32307	164	1	They	-PRON-	PRP
32307	164	2	show	show	VBP
32307	164	3	a	a	DT
32307	164	4	strong	strong	JJ
32307	164	5	deflection	deflection	NN
32307	164	6	in	in	IN
32307	164	7	magnetic	magnetic	JJ
32307	164	8	and	and	CC
32307	164	9	electric	electric	JJ
32307	164	10	fields	field	NNS
32307	164	11	,	,	,
32307	164	12	have	have	VBP
32307	164	13	less	less	JJR
32307	164	14	ionizing	ionizing	NN
32307	164	15	power	power	NN
32307	164	16	than	than	IN
32307	164	17	the	the	DT
32307	164	18	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	164	19	rays	ray	NNS
32307	164	20	,	,	,
32307	164	21	and	and	CC
32307	164	22	a	a	DT
32307	164	23	velocity	velocity	NN
32307	164	24	of	of	IN
32307	164	25	the	the	DT
32307	164	26	same	same	JJ
32307	164	27	order	order	NN
32307	164	28	as	as	IN
32307	164	29	light	light	NN
32307	164	30	.	.	.
32307	165	1	Gamma	Gamma	NNP
32307	165	2	Rays	Rays	NNP
32307	165	3	The	the	DT
32307	165	4	gamma	gamma	NN
32307	165	5	rays	ray	NNS
32307	165	6	are	be	VBP
32307	165	7	very	very	RB
32307	165	8	penetrating	penetrate	VBG
32307	165	9	and	and	CC
32307	165	10	are	be	VBP
32307	165	11	not	not	RB
32307	165	12	deflected	deflect	VBN
32307	165	13	in	in	IN
32307	165	14	the	the	DT
32307	165	15	magnetic	magnetic	JJ
32307	165	16	or	or	CC
32307	165	17	electric	electric	JJ
32307	165	18	fields	field	NNS
32307	165	19	.	.	.
32307	166	1	They	-PRON-	PRP
32307	166	2	have	have	VBP
32307	166	3	the	the	DT
32307	166	4	least	least	JJS
32307	166	5	ionizing	ionize	VBG
32307	166	6	power	power	NN
32307	166	7	and	and	CC
32307	166	8	a	a	DT
32307	166	9	very	very	RB
32307	166	10	great	great	JJ
32307	166	11	velocity	velocity	NN
32307	166	12	.	.	.
32307	167	1	The	the	DT
32307	167	2	penetrating	penetrating	NN
32307	167	3	power	power	NN
32307	167	4	of	of	IN
32307	167	5	each	each	DT
32307	167	6	type	type	NN
32307	167	7	is	be	VBZ
32307	167	8	complex	complex	JJ
32307	167	9	and	and	CC
32307	167	10	varies	vary	VBZ
32307	167	11	with	with	IN
32307	167	12	the	the	DT
32307	167	13	source	source	NN
32307	167	14	,	,	,
32307	167	15	so	so	IN
32307	167	16	the	the	DT
32307	167	17	statements	statement	NNS
32307	167	18	given	give	VBN
32307	167	19	are	be	VBP
32307	167	20	but	but	CC
32307	167	21	generalizations	generalization	NNS
32307	167	22	.	.	.
32307	168	1	The	the	DT
32307	168	2	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	168	3	rays	ray	NNS
32307	168	4	are	be	VBP
32307	168	5	projected	project	VBN
32307	168	6	particles	particle	NNS
32307	168	7	which	which	WDT
32307	168	8	lose	lose	VBP
32307	168	9	energy	energy	NN
32307	168	10	in	in	IN
32307	168	11	penetrating	penetrating	NN
32307	168	12	matter	matter	NN
32307	168	13	.	.	.
32307	169	1	As	as	IN
32307	169	2	to	to	IN
32307	169	3	the	the	DT
32307	169	4	power	power	NN
32307	169	5	of	of	IN
32307	169	6	ionizing	ionize	VBG
32307	169	7	gases	gas	NNS
32307	169	8	,	,	,
32307	169	9	if	if	IN
32307	169	10	that	that	DT
32307	169	11	for	for	IN
32307	169	12	the	the	DT
32307	169	13	[	[	-LRB-
32307	169	14	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	169	15	]	]	-RRB-
32307	169	16	rays	ray	NNS
32307	169	17	is	be	VBZ
32307	169	18	taken	take	VBN
32307	169	19	as	as	IN
32307	169	20	10,000	10,000	CD
32307	169	21	,	,	,
32307	169	22	then	then	RB
32307	169	23	the	the	DT
32307	169	24	[	[	-LRB-
32307	169	25	beta	beta	NN
32307	169	26	]	]	-RRB-
32307	169	27	rays	ray	NNS
32307	169	28	would	would	MD
32307	169	29	be	be	VB
32307	169	30	approximately	approximately	RB
32307	169	31	100	100	CD
32307	169	32	and	and	CC
32307	169	33	the	the	DT
32307	169	34	[	[	-LRB-
32307	169	35	gamma	gamma	NN
32307	169	36	]	]	-RRB-
32307	169	37	rays	ray	NNS
32307	169	38	1	1	CD
32307	169	39	.	.	.
32307	170	1	Measurement	Measurement	NNP
32307	170	2	of	of	IN
32307	170	3	Radiations	radiation	NNS
32307	170	4	The	the	DT
32307	170	5	rays	ray	NNS
32307	170	6	are	be	VBP
32307	170	7	examined	examine	VBN
32307	170	8	and	and	CC
32307	170	9	measured	measure	VBN
32307	170	10	in	in	IN
32307	170	11	several	several	JJ
32307	170	12	ways	way	NNS
32307	170	13	:	:	:
32307	170	14	1	1	CD
32307	170	15	.	.	.
32307	171	1	By	by	IN
32307	171	2	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	171	3	action	action	NN
32307	171	4	on	on	IN
32307	171	5	the	the	DT
32307	171	6	sensitive	sensitive	JJ
32307	171	7	photographic	photographic	JJ
32307	171	8	plates	plate	NNS
32307	171	9	.	.	.
32307	172	1	The	the	DT
32307	172	2	use	use	NN
32307	172	3	of	of	IN
32307	172	4	this	this	DT
32307	172	5	method	method	NN
32307	172	6	is	be	VBZ
32307	172	7	laborious	laborious	JJ
32307	172	8	,	,	,
32307	172	9	consumes	consume	NNS
32307	172	10	time	time	NN
32307	172	11	,	,	,
32307	172	12	and	and	CC
32307	172	13	for	for	IN
32307	172	14	comparative	comparative	JJ
32307	172	15	measurements	measurement	NNS
32307	172	16	of	of	IN
32307	172	17	intensity	intensity	NN
32307	172	18	is	be	VBZ
32307	172	19	uncertain	uncertain	JJ
32307	172	20	as	as	IN
32307	172	21	to	to	TO
32307	172	22	effect	effect	VB
32307	172	23	.	.	.
32307	173	1	2	2	LS
32307	173	2	.	.	.
32307	174	1	By	by	IN
32307	174	2	electrical	electrical	JJ
32307	174	3	methods	method	NNS
32307	174	4	,	,	,
32307	174	5	using	use	VBG
32307	174	6	electroscopes	electroscope	NNS
32307	174	7	,	,	,
32307	174	8	quadrant	quadrant	JJ
32307	174	9	electrometers	electrometer	NNS
32307	174	10	,	,	,
32307	174	11	etc	etc	FW
32307	174	12	.	.	.
32307	175	1	These	these	DT
32307	175	2	are	be	VBP
32307	175	3	the	the	DT
32307	175	4	methods	method	NNS
32307	175	5	most	most	RBS
32307	175	6	used	use	VBN
32307	175	7	.	.	.
32307	176	1	3	3	LS
32307	176	2	.	.	.
32307	177	1	By	by	IN
32307	177	2	exposure	exposure	NN
32307	177	3	to	to	IN
32307	177	4	magnetic	magnetic	JJ
32307	177	5	and	and	CC
32307	177	6	electric	electric	JJ
32307	177	7	fields	field	NNS
32307	177	8	,	,	,
32307	177	9	noting	note	VBG
32307	177	10	extent	extent	NN
32307	177	11	and	and	CC
32307	177	12	direction	direction	NN
32307	177	13	of	of	IN
32307	177	14	deflection	deflection	NN
32307	177	15	.	.	.
32307	178	1	4	4	LS
32307	178	2	.	.	.
32307	179	1	By	by	IN
32307	179	2	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	179	3	relative	relative	JJ
32307	179	4	absorption	absorption	NN
32307	179	5	by	by	IN
32307	179	6	solids	solid	NNS
32307	179	7	and	and	CC
32307	179	8	gases	gas	NNS
32307	179	9	.	.	.
32307	180	1	5	5	CD
32307	180	2	.	.	.
32307	181	1	By	by	IN
32307	181	2	the	the	DT
32307	181	3	scintillations	scintillation	NNS
32307	181	4	on	on	IN
32307	181	5	a	a	DT
32307	181	6	zinc	zinc	NN
32307	181	7	sulphide	sulphide	NN
32307	181	8	screen	screen	NN
32307	181	9	.	.	.
32307	182	1	Identification	identification	NN
32307	182	2	of	of	IN
32307	182	3	the	the	DT
32307	182	4	Rays	ray	NNS
32307	182	5	The	the	DT
32307	182	6	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	182	7	rays	ray	NNS
32307	182	8	have	have	VBP
32307	182	9	been	be	VBN
32307	182	10	identified	identify	VBN
32307	182	11	as	as	IN
32307	182	12	similar	similar	JJ
32307	182	13	to	to	IN
32307	182	14	the	the	DT
32307	182	15	so	so	RB
32307	182	16	-	-	HYPH
32307	182	17	called	call	VBN
32307	182	18	canal	canal	NN
32307	182	19	rays	ray	NNS
32307	182	20	.	.	.
32307	183	1	These	these	DT
32307	183	2	were	be	VBD
32307	183	3	first	first	RB
32307	183	4	observed	observe	VBN
32307	183	5	in	in	IN
32307	183	6	the	the	DT
32307	183	7	study	study	NN
32307	183	8	of	of	IN
32307	183	9	the	the	DT
32307	183	10	_	_	NNP
32307	183	11	X	X	NNP
32307	183	12	_	_	NNP
32307	183	13	rays	ray	NNS
32307	183	14	.	.	.
32307	184	1	When	when	WRB
32307	184	2	an	an	DT
32307	184	3	electrical	electrical	JJ
32307	184	4	discharge	discharge	NN
32307	184	5	is	be	VBZ
32307	184	6	passed	pass	VBN
32307	184	7	through	through	IN
32307	184	8	a	a	DT
32307	184	9	vacuum	vacuum	NN
32307	184	10	tube	tube	NN
32307	184	11	with	with	IN
32307	184	12	a	a	DT
32307	184	13	cathode	cathode	NN
32307	184	14	having	have	VBG
32307	184	15	holes	hole	NNS
32307	184	16	in	in	IN
32307	184	17	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	184	18	,	,	,
32307	184	19	luminous	luminous	JJ
32307	184	20	streams	stream	NNS
32307	184	21	pass	pass	VBP
32307	184	22	through	through	IN
32307	184	23	the	the	DT
32307	184	24	holes	hole	NNS
32307	184	25	toward	toward	IN
32307	184	26	the	the	DT
32307	184	27	side	side	NN
32307	184	28	away	away	RB
32307	184	29	from	from	IN
32307	184	30	the	the	DT
32307	184	31	anode	anode	NN
32307	184	32	and	and	CC
32307	184	33	the	the	DT
32307	184	34	general	general	JJ
32307	184	35	direction	direction	NN
32307	184	36	of	of	IN
32307	184	37	the	the	DT
32307	184	38	stream	stream	NN
32307	184	39	.	.	.
32307	185	1	They	-PRON-	PRP
32307	185	2	travel	travel	VBP
32307	185	3	in	in	IN
32307	185	4	straight	straight	JJ
32307	185	5	lines	line	NNS
32307	185	6	and	and	CC
32307	185	7	render	render	VB
32307	185	8	certain	certain	JJ
32307	185	9	substances	substance	NNS
32307	185	10	phosphorescent	phosphorescent	JJ
32307	185	11	.	.	.
32307	186	1	These	these	DT
32307	186	2	rays	ray	NNS
32307	186	3	are	be	VBP
32307	186	4	slightly	slightly	RB
32307	186	5	deflected	deflect	VBN
32307	186	6	by	by	IN
32307	186	7	a	a	DT
32307	186	8	magnetic	magnetic	JJ
32307	186	9	field	field	NN
32307	186	10	and	and	CC
32307	186	11	in	in	IN
32307	186	12	an	an	DT
32307	186	13	opposite	opposite	JJ
32307	186	14	direction	direction	NN
32307	186	15	from	from	IN
32307	186	16	that	that	DT
32307	186	17	taken	take	VBN
32307	186	18	by	by	IN
32307	186	19	the	the	DT
32307	186	20	cathode	cathode	NN
32307	186	21	rays	ray	NNS
32307	186	22	in	in	IN
32307	186	23	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	186	24	deflection	deflection	NN
32307	186	25	.	.	.
32307	187	1	The	the	DT
32307	187	2	rays	ray	NNS
32307	187	3	seem	seem	VBP
32307	187	4	to	to	TO
32307	187	5	be	be	VB
32307	187	6	positive	positive	JJ
32307	187	7	ions	ion	NNS
32307	187	8	with	with	IN
32307	187	9	masses	masse	NNS
32307	187	10	never	never	RB
32307	187	11	less	less	JJR
32307	187	12	than	than	IN
32307	187	13	that	that	DT
32307	187	14	of	of	IN
32307	187	15	the	the	DT
32307	187	16	hydrogen	hydrogen	NN
32307	187	17	atom	atom	NN
32307	187	18	.	.	.
32307	188	1	Their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	188	2	source	source	NN
32307	188	3	is	be	VBZ
32307	188	4	uncertain	uncertain	JJ
32307	188	5	,	,	,
32307	188	6	but	but	CC
32307	188	7	they	-PRON-	PRP
32307	188	8	may	may	MD
32307	188	9	be	be	VB
32307	188	10	derived	derive	VBN
32307	188	11	from	from	IN
32307	188	12	the	the	DT
32307	188	13	electrodes	electrode	NNS
32307	188	14	.	.	.
32307	189	1	The	the	DT
32307	189	2	beta	beta	NN
32307	189	3	rays	ray	NNS
32307	189	4	are	be	VBP
32307	189	5	identical	identical	JJ
32307	189	6	in	in	IN
32307	189	7	type	type	NN
32307	189	8	with	with	IN
32307	189	9	the	the	DT
32307	189	10	cathode	cathode	NN
32307	189	11	rays	ray	NNS
32307	189	12	and	and	CC
32307	189	13	are	be	VBP
32307	189	14	negative	negative	JJ
32307	189	15	electrons	electron	NNS
32307	189	16	.	.	.
32307	190	1	The	the	DT
32307	190	2	gamma	gamma	NN
32307	190	3	rays	ray	NNS
32307	190	4	are	be	VBP
32307	190	5	analogous	analogous	JJ
32307	190	6	to	to	IN
32307	190	7	the	the	DT
32307	190	8	_	_	NNP
32307	190	9	X	X	NNP
32307	190	10	_	_	NNP
32307	190	11	rays	ray	NNS
32307	190	12	and	and	CC
32307	190	13	are	be	VBP
32307	190	14	of	of	IN
32307	190	15	the	the	DT
32307	190	16	order	order	NN
32307	190	17	of	of	IN
32307	190	18	light	light	NN
32307	190	19	.	.	.
32307	191	1	They	-PRON-	PRP
32307	191	2	are	be	VBP
32307	191	3	in	in	IN
32307	191	4	general	general	JJ
32307	191	5	considerably	considerably	RB
32307	191	6	more	more	JJR
32307	191	7	penetrating	penetrating	NN
32307	191	8	than	than	IN
32307	191	9	_	_	NNP
32307	191	10	X	X	NNP
32307	191	11	_	_	NNP
32307	191	12	rays	ray	NNS
32307	191	13	.	.	.
32307	192	1	For	for	IN
32307	192	2	example	example	NN
32307	192	3	,	,	,
32307	192	4	the	the	DT
32307	192	5	gamma	gamma	NN
32307	192	6	rays	ray	NNS
32307	192	7	sent	send	VBN
32307	192	8	out	out	RP
32307	192	9	by	by	IN
32307	192	10	30	30	CD
32307	192	11	milligrams	milligram	NNS
32307	192	12	of	of	IN
32307	192	13	radium	radium	NN
32307	192	14	can	can	MD
32307	192	15	be	be	VB
32307	192	16	detected	detect	VBN
32307	192	17	by	by	IN
32307	192	18	an	an	DT
32307	192	19	electroscope	electroscope	NN
32307	192	20	after	after	IN
32307	192	21	passing	pass	VBG
32307	192	22	through	through	IN
32307	192	23	30	30	CD
32307	192	24	centimeters	centimeter	NNS
32307	192	25	of	of	IN
32307	192	26	iron	iron	NN
32307	192	27	,	,	,
32307	192	28	a	a	DT
32307	192	29	much	much	RB
32307	192	30	greater	great	JJR
32307	192	31	thickness	thickness	NN
32307	192	32	than	than	IN
32307	192	33	can	can	MD
32307	192	34	be	be	VB
32307	192	35	penetrated	penetrate	VBN
32307	192	36	by	by	IN
32307	192	37	the	the	DT
32307	192	38	ordinary	ordinary	JJ
32307	192	39	_	_	NNP
32307	192	40	X	X	NNP
32307	192	41	_	_	NNP
32307	192	42	rays	ray	NNS
32307	192	43	.	.	.
32307	193	1	CHAPTER	CHAPTER	NNP
32307	193	2	III	iii	CD
32307	193	3	CHANGES	change	VBD
32307	193	4	IN	in	IN
32307	193	5	RADIO	radio	NN
32307	193	6	-	-	HYPH
32307	193	7	ACTIVE	active	NN
32307	193	8	BODIES	body	NNS
32307	193	9	Is	be	VBZ
32307	193	10	Radio	radio	NN
32307	193	11	-	-	HYPH
32307	193	12	activity	activity	NN
32307	193	13	a	a	DT
32307	193	14	Permanent	permanent	JJ
32307	193	15	Property	property	NN
32307	193	16	?	?	.
32307	194	1	Is	be	VBZ
32307	194	2	this	this	DT
32307	194	3	power	power	NN
32307	194	4	of	of	IN
32307	194	5	emitting	emit	VBG
32307	194	6	radiations	radiation	NNS
32307	194	7	a	a	DT
32307	194	8	permanent	permanent	JJ
32307	194	9	property	property	NN
32307	194	10	or	or	CC
32307	194	11	is	be	VBZ
32307	194	12	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	194	13	lost	lose	VBN
32307	194	14	with	with	IN
32307	194	15	the	the	DT
32307	194	16	passage	passage	NN
32307	194	17	of	of	IN
32307	194	18	time	time	NN
32307	194	19	?	?	.
32307	195	1	The	the	DT
32307	195	2	first	first	JJ
32307	195	3	investigations	investigation	NNS
32307	195	4	of	of	IN
32307	195	5	the	the	DT
32307	195	6	activity	activity	NN
32307	195	7	of	of	IN
32307	195	8	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	195	9	and	and	CC
32307	195	10	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	195	11	showed	show	VBD
32307	195	12	no	no	DT
32307	195	13	loss	loss	NN
32307	195	14	of	of	IN
32307	195	15	intensity	intensity	NN
32307	195	16	at	at	IN
32307	195	17	the	the	DT
32307	195	18	end	end	NN
32307	195	19	of	of	IN
32307	195	20	several	several	JJ
32307	195	21	years	year	NNS
32307	195	22	,	,	,
32307	195	23	and	and	CC
32307	195	24	radium	radium	NN
32307	195	25	also	also	RB
32307	195	26	seemed	seem	VBD
32307	195	27	to	to	TO
32307	195	28	show	show	VB
32307	195	29	no	no	DT
32307	195	30	decrease	decrease	NN
32307	195	31	in	in	IN
32307	195	32	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	195	33	enormous	enormous	JJ
32307	195	34	activity	activity	NN
32307	195	35	.	.	.
32307	196	1	Polonium	polonium	NN
32307	196	2	,	,	,
32307	196	3	however	however	RB
32307	196	4	,	,	,
32307	196	5	was	be	VBD
32307	196	6	found	find	VBN
32307	196	7	to	to	TO
32307	196	8	lose	lose	VB
32307	196	9	most	most	JJS
32307	196	10	of	of	IN
32307	196	11	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	196	12	activity	activity	NN
32307	196	13	in	in	IN
32307	196	14	a	a	DT
32307	196	15	year	year	NN
32307	196	16	,	,	,
32307	196	17	and	and	CC
32307	196	18	later	later	RB
32307	196	19	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	196	20	appeared	appear	VBD
32307	196	21	that	that	IN
32307	196	22	some	some	DT
32307	196	23	radio	radio	NN
32307	196	24	-	-	HYPH
32307	196	25	active	active	JJ
32307	196	26	substances	substance	NNS
32307	196	27	lost	lose	VBD
32307	196	28	most	most	JJS
32307	196	29	of	of	IN
32307	196	30	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	196	31	activity	activity	NN
32307	196	32	in	in	IN
32307	196	33	the	the	DT
32307	196	34	course	course	NN
32307	196	35	of	of	IN
32307	196	36	a	a	DT
32307	196	37	few	few	JJ
32307	196	38	minutes	minute	NNS
32307	196	39	or	or	CC
32307	196	40	hours	hour	NNS
32307	196	41	.	.	.
32307	197	1	Induced	induced	JJ
32307	197	2	Activity	activity	NN
32307	197	3	A	a	DT
32307	197	4	phenomenon	phenomenon	NN
32307	197	5	called	call	VBN
32307	197	6	induced	induce	VBN
32307	197	7	or	or	CC
32307	197	8	secondary	secondary	JJ
32307	197	9	radio	radio	NN
32307	197	10	-	-	HYPH
32307	197	11	activity	activity	NN
32307	197	12	was	be	VBD
32307	197	13	also	also	RB
32307	197	14	observed	observe	VBN
32307	197	15	.	.	.
32307	198	1	Thus	thus	RB
32307	198	2	a	a	DT
32307	198	3	metal	metal	NN
32307	198	4	plate	plate	NN
32307	198	5	or	or	CC
32307	198	6	wire	wire	NN
32307	198	7	exposed	expose	VBN
32307	198	8	to	to	IN
32307	198	9	the	the	DT
32307	198	10	action	action	NN
32307	198	11	of	of	IN
32307	198	12	thorium	thorium	JJ
32307	198	13	oxide	oxide	NN
32307	198	14	for	for	IN
32307	198	15	some	some	DT
32307	198	16	hours	hour	NNS
32307	198	17	became	become	VBD
32307	198	18	itself	-PRON-	PRP
32307	198	19	active	active	JJ
32307	198	20	.	.	.
32307	199	1	This	this	DT
32307	199	2	induced	induced	JJ
32307	199	3	activity	activity	NN
32307	199	4	was	be	VBD
32307	199	5	not	not	RB
32307	199	6	permanent	permanent	JJ
32307	199	7	but	but	CC
32307	199	8	decreased	decrease	VBD
32307	199	9	to	to	IN
32307	199	10	half	half	PDT
32307	199	11	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	199	12	value	value	NN
32307	199	13	in	in	IN
32307	199	14	about	about	RB
32307	199	15	eleven	eleven	CD
32307	199	16	hours	hour	NNS
32307	199	17	and	and	CC
32307	199	18	practically	practically	RB
32307	199	19	disappeared	disappear	VBD
32307	199	20	within	within	IN
32307	199	21	a	a	DT
32307	199	22	week	week	NN
32307	199	23	.	.	.
32307	200	1	Similar	similar	JJ
32307	200	2	phenomena	phenomenon	NNS
32307	200	3	were	be	VBD
32307	200	4	observed	observe	VBN
32307	200	5	when	when	WRB
32307	200	6	radium	radium	NN
32307	200	7	was	be	VBD
32307	200	8	substituted	substitute	VBN
32307	200	9	for	for	IN
32307	200	10	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	200	11	.	.	.
32307	201	1	Discovery	Discovery	NNP
32307	201	2	of	of	IN
32307	201	3	Uranium	Uranium	NNP
32307	201	4	X	X	NNP
32307	201	5	In	in	IN
32307	201	6	1900	1900	CD
32307	201	7	Crookes	Crookes	NNPS
32307	201	8	precipitated	precipitate	VBD
32307	201	9	a	a	DT
32307	201	10	solution	solution	NN
32307	201	11	of	of	IN
32307	201	12	an	an	DT
32307	201	13	active	active	JJ
32307	201	14	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	201	15	salt	salt	NN
32307	201	16	with	with	IN
32307	201	17	ammonium	ammonium	NN
32307	201	18	carbonate	carbonate	NN
32307	201	19	.	.	.
32307	202	1	The	the	DT
32307	202	2	precipitate	precipitate	NN
32307	202	3	was	be	VBD
32307	202	4	dissolved	dissolve	VBN
32307	202	5	so	so	RB
32307	202	6	far	far	RB
32307	202	7	as	as	IN
32307	202	8	possible	possible	JJ
32307	202	9	in	in	IN
32307	202	10	an	an	DT
32307	202	11	excess	excess	NN
32307	202	12	of	of	IN
32307	202	13	the	the	DT
32307	202	14	reagent	reagent	NN
32307	202	15	,	,	,
32307	202	16	leaving	leave	VBG
32307	202	17	an	an	DT
32307	202	18	insoluble	insoluble	JJ
32307	202	19	residue	residue	NN
32307	202	20	.	.	.
32307	203	1	This	this	DT
32307	203	2	residue	residue	NN
32307	203	3	was	be	VBD
32307	203	4	many	many	JJ
32307	203	5	hundred	hundred	CD
32307	203	6	times	time	NNS
32307	203	7	more	more	RBR
32307	203	8	active	active	JJ
32307	203	9	,	,	,
32307	203	10	weight	weight	NN
32307	203	11	for	for	IN
32307	203	12	weight	weight	NN
32307	203	13	,	,	,
32307	203	14	than	than	IN
32307	203	15	the	the	DT
32307	203	16	original	original	JJ
32307	203	17	salt	salt	NN
32307	203	18	,	,	,
32307	203	19	and	and	CC
32307	203	20	the	the	DT
32307	203	21	solution	solution	NN
32307	203	22	containing	contain	VBG
32307	203	23	the	the	DT
32307	203	24	salt	salt	NN
32307	203	25	was	be	VBD
32307	203	26	practically	practically	RB
32307	203	27	inactive	inactive	JJ
32307	203	28	.	.	.
32307	204	1	At	at	IN
32307	204	2	the	the	DT
32307	204	3	end	end	NN
32307	204	4	of	of	IN
32307	204	5	a	a	DT
32307	204	6	year	year	NN
32307	204	7	the	the	DT
32307	204	8	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	204	9	salt	salt	NN
32307	204	10	had	have	VBD
32307	204	11	regained	regain	VBN
32307	204	12	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	204	13	activity	activity	NN
32307	204	14	while	while	IN
32307	204	15	the	the	DT
32307	204	16	residue	residue	NN
32307	204	17	had	have	VBD
32307	204	18	become	become	VBN
32307	204	19	inactive	inactive	JJ
32307	204	20	.	.	.
32307	205	1	Another	another	DT
32307	205	2	method	method	NN
32307	205	3	of	of	IN
32307	205	4	obtaining	obtain	VBG
32307	205	5	the	the	DT
32307	205	6	same	same	JJ
32307	205	7	result	result	NN
32307	205	8	is	be	VBZ
32307	205	9	to	to	TO
32307	205	10	dissolve	dissolve	VB
32307	205	11	crystallized	crystallized	JJ
32307	205	12	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	205	13	nitrate	nitrate	JJ
32307	205	14	in	in	IN
32307	205	15	ether	ether	NN
32307	205	16	.	.	.
32307	206	1	Two	two	CD
32307	206	2	layers	layer	NNS
32307	206	3	of	of	IN
32307	206	4	solution	solution	NN
32307	206	5	are	be	VBP
32307	206	6	formed	form	VBN
32307	206	7	,	,	,
32307	206	8	one	one	CD
32307	206	9	ether	ether	NN
32307	206	10	and	and	CC
32307	206	11	the	the	DT
32307	206	12	other	other	JJ
32307	206	13	water	water	NN
32307	206	14	coming	come	VBG
32307	206	15	from	from	IN
32307	206	16	the	the	DT
32307	206	17	water	water	NN
32307	206	18	of	of	IN
32307	206	19	crystallization	crystallization	NN
32307	206	20	.	.	.
32307	207	1	The	the	DT
32307	207	2	aqueous	aqueous	JJ
32307	207	3	layer	layer	NN
32307	207	4	is	be	VBZ
32307	207	5	active	active	JJ
32307	207	6	,	,	,
32307	207	7	while	while	IN
32307	207	8	the	the	DT
32307	207	9	water	water	NN
32307	207	10	layer	layer	NN
32307	207	11	is	be	VBZ
32307	207	12	inactive	inactive	JJ
32307	207	13	.	.	.
32307	208	1	Similarly	similarly	RB
32307	208	2	,	,	,
32307	208	3	by	by	IN
32307	208	4	adding	add	VBG
32307	208	5	barium	barium	NN
32307	208	6	chloride	chloride	NN
32307	208	7	solution	solution	NN
32307	208	8	to	to	IN
32307	208	9	a	a	DT
32307	208	10	solution	solution	NN
32307	208	11	of	of	IN
32307	208	12	a	a	DT
32307	208	13	salt	salt	NN
32307	208	14	of	of	IN
32307	208	15	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	208	16	and	and	CC
32307	208	17	then	then	RB
32307	208	18	precipitating	precipitate	VBG
32307	208	19	the	the	DT
32307	208	20	barium	barium	NN
32307	208	21	as	as	IN
32307	208	22	sulphate	sulphate	NN
32307	208	23	,	,	,
32307	208	24	the	the	DT
32307	208	25	activity	activity	NN
32307	208	26	is	be	VBZ
32307	208	27	transferred	transfer	VBN
32307	208	28	to	to	IN
32307	208	29	this	this	DT
32307	208	30	precipitate	precipitate	NN
32307	208	31	.	.	.
32307	209	1	These	these	DT
32307	209	2	experiments	experiment	NNS
32307	209	3	give	give	VBP
32307	209	4	proof	proof	NN
32307	209	5	of	of	IN
32307	209	6	the	the	DT
32307	209	7	formation	formation	NN
32307	209	8	and	and	CC
32307	209	9	separation	separation	NN
32307	209	10	of	of	IN
32307	209	11	a	a	DT
32307	209	12	radio	radio	NN
32307	209	13	-	-	HYPH
32307	209	14	active	active	JJ
32307	209	15	body	body	NN
32307	209	16	by	by	IN
32307	209	17	ordinary	ordinary	JJ
32307	209	18	chemical	chemical	JJ
32307	209	19	operations	operation	NNS
32307	209	20	.	.	.
32307	210	1	So	so	RB
32307	210	2	,	,	,
32307	210	3	too	too	RB
32307	210	4	,	,	,
32307	210	5	in	in	IN
32307	210	6	the	the	DT
32307	210	7	case	case	NN
32307	210	8	of	of	IN
32307	210	9	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	210	10	salts	salt	VBZ
32307	210	11	a	a	DT
32307	210	12	substance	substance	NN
32307	210	13	can	can	MD
32307	210	14	be	be	VB
32307	210	15	obtained	obtain	VBN
32307	210	16	by	by	IN
32307	210	17	means	mean	NNS
32307	210	18	of	of	IN
32307	210	19	ammonium	ammonium	NN
32307	210	20	hydroxide	hydroxide	NN
32307	210	21	which	which	WDT
32307	210	22	is	be	VBZ
32307	210	23	several	several	JJ
32307	210	24	thousand	thousand	CD
32307	210	25	times	time	NNS
32307	210	26	more	more	RBR
32307	210	27	active	active	JJ
32307	210	28	than	than	IN
32307	210	29	an	an	DT
32307	210	30	equal	equal	JJ
32307	210	31	weight	weight	NN
32307	210	32	of	of	IN
32307	210	33	the	the	DT
32307	210	34	original	original	JJ
32307	210	35	salt	salt	NN
32307	210	36	.	.	.
32307	211	1	After	after	IN
32307	211	2	standing	stand	VBG
32307	211	3	a	a	DT
32307	211	4	month	month	NN
32307	211	5	,	,	,
32307	211	6	the	the	DT
32307	211	7	separated	separated	JJ
32307	211	8	material	material	NN
32307	211	9	has	have	VBZ
32307	211	10	lost	lose	VBN
32307	211	11	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	211	12	activity	activity	NN
32307	211	13	and	and	CC
32307	211	14	the	the	DT
32307	211	15	thorium	thorium	JJ
32307	211	16	salt	salt	NN
32307	211	17	has	have	VBZ
32307	211	18	regained	regain	VBN
32307	211	19	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	211	20	.	.	.
32307	212	1	Here	here	RB
32307	212	2	,	,	,
32307	212	3	again	again	RB
32307	212	4	,	,	,
32307	212	5	there	there	EX
32307	212	6	is	be	VBZ
32307	212	7	the	the	DT
32307	212	8	formation	formation	NN
32307	212	9	,	,	,
32307	212	10	separation	separation	NN
32307	212	11	,	,	,
32307	212	12	and	and	CC
32307	212	13	loss	loss	NN
32307	212	14	of	of	IN
32307	212	15	a	a	DT
32307	212	16	radio	radio	NN
32307	212	17	-	-	HYPH
32307	212	18	active	active	JJ
32307	212	19	body	body	NN
32307	212	20	.	.	.
32307	213	1	Conclusions	Conclusions	NNPS
32307	213	2	Drawn	Drawn	NNP
32307	213	3	Now	now	RB
32307	213	4	,	,	,
32307	213	5	these	these	DT
32307	213	6	are	be	VBP
32307	213	7	ordinary	ordinary	JJ
32307	213	8	chemical	chemical	JJ
32307	213	9	processes	process	NNS
32307	213	10	for	for	IN
32307	213	11	the	the	DT
32307	213	12	separation	separation	NN
32307	213	13	of	of	IN
32307	213	14	distinct	distinct	JJ
32307	213	15	chemical	chemical	NN
32307	213	16	individuals	individual	NNS
32307	213	17	.	.	.
32307	214	1	The	the	DT
32307	214	2	results	result	NNS
32307	214	3	,	,	,
32307	214	4	therefore	therefore	RB
32307	214	5	,	,	,
32307	214	6	lead	lead	VBP
32307	214	7	naturally	naturally	RB
32307	214	8	to	to	IN
32307	214	9	the	the	DT
32307	214	10	conclusions	conclusion	NNS
32307	214	11	:	:	:
32307	214	12	(	(	-LRB-
32307	214	13	1	1	LS
32307	214	14	)	)	-RRB-
32307	214	15	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	214	16	would	would	MD
32307	214	17	seem	seem	VB
32307	214	18	that	that	IN
32307	214	19	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	214	20	and	and	CC
32307	214	21	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	214	22	are	be	VBP
32307	214	23	themselves	-PRON-	PRP
32307	214	24	inactive	inactive	JJ
32307	214	25	and	and	CC
32307	214	26	the	the	DT
32307	214	27	activity	activity	NN
32307	214	28	is	be	VBZ
32307	214	29	due	due	JJ
32307	214	30	to	to	IN
32307	214	31	some	some	DT
32307	214	32	other	other	JJ
32307	214	33	substance	substance	NN
32307	214	34	formed	form	VBN
32307	214	35	by	by	IN
32307	214	36	these	these	DT
32307	214	37	elements	element	NNS
32307	214	38	;	;	,
32307	214	39	(	(	-LRB-
32307	214	40	2	2	LS
32307	214	41	)	)	-RRB-
32307	214	42	this	this	DT
32307	214	43	active	active	JJ
32307	214	44	substance	substance	NN
32307	214	45	is	be	VBZ
32307	214	46	produced	produce	VBN
32307	214	47	by	by	IN
32307	214	48	some	some	DT
32307	214	49	transformation	transformation	NN
32307	214	50	in	in	IN
32307	214	51	those	those	DT
32307	214	52	elements	element	NNS
32307	214	53	,	,	,
32307	214	54	for	for	IN
32307	214	55	on	on	IN
32307	214	56	standing	stand	VBG
32307	214	57	the	the	DT
32307	214	58	activity	activity	NN
32307	214	59	is	be	VBZ
32307	214	60	regained	regain	VBN
32307	214	61	.	.	.
32307	215	1	This	this	DT
32307	215	2	latter	latter	JJ
32307	215	3	conclusion	conclusion	NN
32307	215	4	is	be	VBZ
32307	215	5	startling	startling	JJ
32307	215	6	,	,	,
32307	215	7	for	for	IN
32307	215	8	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	215	9	indicates	indicate	VBZ
32307	215	10	a	a	DT
32307	215	11	change	change	NN
32307	215	12	in	in	IN
32307	215	13	the	the	DT
32307	215	14	atom	atom	NN
32307	215	15	which	which	WDT
32307	215	16	,	,	,
32307	215	17	up	up	IN
32307	215	18	to	to	IN
32307	215	19	the	the	DT
32307	215	20	time	time	NN
32307	215	21	of	of	IN
32307	215	22	this	this	DT
32307	215	23	discovery	discovery	NN
32307	215	24	,	,	,
32307	215	25	was	be	VBD
32307	215	26	deemed	deem	VBN
32307	215	27	unchangeable	unchangeable	JJ
32307	215	28	under	under	IN
32307	215	29	the	the	DT
32307	215	30	influence	influence	NN
32307	215	31	of	of	IN
32307	215	32	such	such	JJ
32307	215	33	physical	physical	JJ
32307	215	34	and	and	CC
32307	215	35	chemical	chemical	NN
32307	215	36	changes	change	NNS
32307	215	37	as	as	IN
32307	215	38	were	be	VBD
32307	215	39	known	know	VBN
32307	215	40	to	to	IN
32307	215	41	us	-PRON-	PRP
32307	215	42	.	.	.
32307	216	1	Search	search	VB
32307	216	2	for	for	IN
32307	216	3	New	New	NNP
32307	216	4	Radio	Radio	NNP
32307	216	5	-	-	HYPH
32307	216	6	active	active	JJ
32307	216	7	Bodies	body	NNS
32307	216	8	The	the	DT
32307	216	9	search	search	NN
32307	216	10	for	for	IN
32307	216	11	new	new	JJ
32307	216	12	radio	radio	NN
32307	216	13	-	-	HYPH
32307	216	14	active	active	JJ
32307	216	15	bodies	body	NNS
32307	216	16	and	and	CC
32307	216	17	the	the	DT
32307	216	18	study	study	NN
32307	216	19	of	of	IN
32307	216	20	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	216	21	characteristics	characteristic	NNS
32307	216	22	has	have	VBZ
32307	216	23	been	be	VBN
32307	216	24	systematically	systematically	RB
32307	216	25	and	and	CC
32307	216	26	successfully	successfully	RB
32307	216	27	carried	carry	VBN
32307	216	28	on	on	RP
32307	216	29	.	.	.
32307	217	1	The	the	DT
32307	217	2	bodies	body	NNS
32307	217	3	obtained	obtain	VBN
32307	217	4	in	in	IN
32307	217	5	the	the	DT
32307	217	6	above	above	JJ
32307	217	7	experiments	experiment	NNS
32307	217	8	were	be	VBD
32307	217	9	named	name	VBN
32307	217	10	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	217	11	_	_	NNP
32307	217	12	X	X	NNP
32307	217	13	_	_	NNP
32307	217	14	and	and	CC
32307	217	15	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	217	16	_	_	NNP
32307	217	17	X	X	NNP
32307	217	18	_	_	NNP
32307	217	19	,	,	,
32307	217	20	respectively	respectively	RB
32307	217	21	.	.	.
32307	218	1	Further	further	RB
32307	218	2	,	,	,
32307	218	3	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	218	4	became	become	VBD
32307	218	5	clear	clear	JJ
32307	218	6	from	from	IN
32307	218	7	the	the	DT
32307	218	8	investigation	investigation	NN
32307	218	9	of	of	IN
32307	218	10	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	218	11	minerals	mineral	NNS
32307	218	12	that	that	WDT
32307	218	13	radium	radium	NN
32307	218	14	,	,	,
32307	218	15	polonium	polonium	NN
32307	218	16	,	,	,
32307	218	17	actinium	actinium	NN
32307	218	18	,	,	,
32307	218	19	and	and	CC
32307	218	20	ionium	ionium	NNP
32307	218	21	originated	originate	VBD
32307	218	22	from	from	IN
32307	218	23	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	218	24	.	.	.
32307	219	1	From	from	IN
32307	219	2	thorium	thorium	JJ
32307	219	3	minerals	mineral	NNS
32307	219	4	a	a	DT
32307	219	5	body	body	NN
32307	219	6	was	be	VBD
32307	219	7	separated	separate	VBN
32307	219	8	called	call	VBN
32307	219	9	mesothorium	mesothorium	NN
32307	219	10	,	,	,
32307	219	11	which	which	WDT
32307	219	12	was	be	VBD
32307	219	13	analogous	analogous	JJ
32307	219	14	to	to	IN
32307	219	15	radium	radium	NN
32307	219	16	.	.	.
32307	220	1	Both	both	DT
32307	220	2	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	220	3	and	and	CC
32307	220	4	radium	radium	NN
32307	220	5	were	be	VBD
32307	220	6	found	find	VBN
32307	220	7	to	to	TO
32307	220	8	give	give	VB
32307	220	9	off	off	RP
32307	220	10	a	a	DT
32307	220	11	radio	radio	NN
32307	220	12	-	-	HYPH
32307	220	13	active	active	JJ
32307	220	14	gas	gas	NN
32307	220	15	.	.	.
32307	221	1	The	the	DT
32307	221	2	first	first	JJ
32307	221	3	lost	lose	VBD
32307	221	4	half	half	NN
32307	221	5	of	of	IN
32307	221	6	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	221	7	activity	activity	NN
32307	221	8	in	in	IN
32307	221	9	less	less	JJR
32307	221	10	than	than	IN
32307	221	11	one	one	CD
32307	221	12	minute	minute	NN
32307	221	13	.	.	.
32307	222	1	The	the	DT
32307	222	2	second	second	JJ
32307	222	3	was	be	VBD
32307	222	4	more	more	RBR
32307	222	5	stable	stable	JJ
32307	222	6	and	and	CC
32307	222	7	lost	lose	VBD
32307	222	8	half	half	NN
32307	222	9	of	of	IN
32307	222	10	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	222	11	activity	activity	NN
32307	222	12	in	in	IN
32307	222	13	about	about	RB
32307	222	14	four	four	CD
32307	222	15	days	day	NNS
32307	222	16	.	.	.
32307	223	1	The	the	DT
32307	223	2	name	name	NN
32307	223	3	radium	radium	NN
32307	223	4	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	223	5	was	be	VBD
32307	223	6	given	give	VBN
32307	223	7	to	to	IN
32307	223	8	the	the	DT
32307	223	9	latter	latter	JJ
32307	223	10	and	and	CC
32307	223	11	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	223	12	was	be	VBD
32307	223	13	found	find	VBN
32307	223	14	chemically	chemically	RB
32307	223	15	and	and	CC
32307	223	16	physically	physically	RB
32307	223	17	to	to	TO
32307	223	18	belong	belong	VB
32307	223	19	to	to	IN
32307	223	20	the	the	DT
32307	223	21	class	class	NN
32307	223	22	of	of	IN
32307	223	23	monatomic	monatomic	NN
32307	223	24	or	or	CC
32307	223	25	noble	noble	JJ
32307	223	26	gases	gas	NNS
32307	223	27	,	,	,
32307	223	28	such	such	JJ
32307	223	29	as	as	IN
32307	223	30	helium	helium	NN
32307	223	31	,	,	,
32307	223	32	argon	argon	NNP
32307	223	33	,	,	,
32307	223	34	neon	neon	NN
32307	223	35	,	,	,
32307	223	36	etc	etc	FW
32307	223	37	.	.	FW
32307	223	38	,	,	,
32307	223	39	which	which	WDT
32307	223	40	had	have	VBD
32307	223	41	been	be	VBN
32307	223	42	discovered	discover	VBN
32307	223	43	by	by	IN
32307	223	44	Ramsay	Ramsay	NNP
32307	223	45	.	.	.
32307	224	1	In	in	IN
32307	224	2	some	some	DT
32307	224	3	cases	case	NNS
32307	224	4	the	the	DT
32307	224	5	chemical	chemical	NN
32307	224	6	action	action	NN
32307	224	7	was	be	VBD
32307	224	8	determined	determine	VBN
32307	224	9	and	and	CC
32307	224	10	these	these	DT
32307	224	11	new	new	JJ
32307	224	12	bodies	body	NNS
32307	224	13	were	be	VBD
32307	224	14	found	find	VBN
32307	224	15	analogous	analogous	JJ
32307	224	16	to	to	IN
32307	224	17	well	well	RB
32307	224	18	-	-	HYPH
32307	224	19	known	know	VBN
32307	224	20	elements	element	NNS
32307	224	21	,	,	,
32307	224	22	as	as	IN
32307	224	23	radium	radium	NN
32307	224	24	to	to	IN
32307	224	25	barium	barium	NN
32307	224	26	,	,	,
32307	224	27	polonium	polonium	NN
32307	224	28	to	to	IN
32307	224	29	bismuth	bismuth	NNP
32307	224	30	.	.	.
32307	225	1	The	the	DT
32307	225	2	physical	physical	JJ
32307	225	3	properties	property	NNS
32307	225	4	were	be	VBD
32307	225	5	investigated	investigate	VBN
32307	225	6	and	and	CC
32307	225	7	,	,	,
32307	225	8	where	where	WRB
32307	225	9	possible	possible	JJ
32307	225	10	,	,	,
32307	225	11	spectra	spectra	NNP
32307	225	12	were	be	VBD
32307	225	13	mapped	map	VBN
32307	225	14	and	and	CC
32307	225	15	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	225	16	weights	weight	NNS
32307	225	17	determined	determine	VBN
32307	225	18	.	.	.
32307	226	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	226	2	is	be	VBZ
32307	226	3	clear	clear	JJ
32307	226	4	,	,	,
32307	226	5	therefore	therefore	RB
32307	226	6	,	,	,
32307	226	7	that	that	IN
32307	226	8	these	these	DT
32307	226	9	bodies	body	NNS
32307	226	10	are	be	VBP
32307	226	11	elemental	elemental	JJ
32307	226	12	in	in	IN
32307	226	13	character	character	NN
32307	226	14	and	and	CC
32307	226	15	as	as	IN
32307	226	16	such	such	JJ
32307	226	17	are	be	VBP
32307	226	18	made	make	VBN
32307	226	19	up	up	RP
32307	226	20	of	of	IN
32307	226	21	distinct	distinct	JJ
32307	226	22	,	,	,
32307	226	23	similar	similar	JJ
32307	226	24	atoms	atom	NNS
32307	226	25	,	,	,
32307	226	26	just	just	RB
32307	226	27	as	as	IN
32307	226	28	the	the	DT
32307	226	29	commonly	commonly	RB
32307	226	30	recognized	recognize	VBN
32307	226	31	elements	element	NNS
32307	226	32	are	be	VBP
32307	226	33	believed	believe	VBN
32307	226	34	to	to	TO
32307	226	35	be	be	VB
32307	226	36	.	.	.
32307	227	1	In	in	IN
32307	227	2	this	this	DT
32307	227	3	way	way	NN
32307	227	4	more	more	JJR
32307	227	5	than	than	IN
32307	227	6	thirty	thirty	CD
32307	227	7	new	new	JJ
32307	227	8	elements	element	NNS
32307	227	9	have	have	VBP
32307	227	10	been	be	VBN
32307	227	11	added	add	VBN
32307	227	12	to	to	IN
32307	227	13	the	the	DT
32307	227	14	list	list	NN
32307	227	15	.	.	.
32307	228	1	These	these	DT
32307	228	2	new	new	JJ
32307	228	3	elements	element	NNS
32307	228	4	are	be	VBP
32307	228	5	called	call	VBN
32307	228	6	radio	radio	NN
32307	228	7	-	-	HYPH
32307	228	8	active	active	JJ
32307	228	9	elements	element	NNS
32307	228	10	,	,	,
32307	228	11	but	but	CC
32307	228	12	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	228	13	is	be	VBZ
32307	228	14	an	an	DT
32307	228	15	open	open	JJ
32307	228	16	question	question	NN
32307	228	17	whether	whether	IN
32307	228	18	all	all	DT
32307	228	19	atoms	atom	NNS
32307	228	20	do	do	VBP
32307	228	21	not	not	RB
32307	228	22	possess	possess	VB
32307	228	23	this	this	DT
32307	228	24	property	property	NN
32307	228	25	in	in	IN
32307	228	26	greater	great	JJR
32307	228	27	or	or	CC
32307	228	28	less	less	JJR
32307	228	29	degree	degree	NN
32307	228	30	.	.	.
32307	229	1	Certainly	certainly	RB
32307	229	2	,	,	,
32307	229	3	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	229	4	is	be	VBZ
32307	229	5	possessed	possess	VBN
32307	229	6	in	in	IN
32307	229	7	varying	varying	NN
32307	229	8	degree	degree	NN
32307	229	9	by	by	IN
32307	229	10	four	four	CD
32307	229	11	of	of	IN
32307	229	12	the	the	DT
32307	229	13	old	old	JJ
32307	229	14	elements	element	NNS
32307	229	15	widely	widely	RB
32307	229	16	separated	separate	VBN
32307	229	17	in	in	IN
32307	229	18	the	the	DT
32307	229	19	Periodic	Periodic	NNP
32307	229	20	System	System	NNP
32307	229	21	,	,	,
32307	229	22	namely	namely	RB
32307	229	23	,	,	,
32307	229	24	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	229	25	,	,	,
32307	229	26	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	229	27	,	,	,
32307	229	28	rubidium	rubidium	NN
32307	229	29	,	,	,
32307	229	30	and	and	CC
32307	229	31	potassium	potassium	NN
32307	229	32	.	.	.
32307	230	1	The	the	DT
32307	230	2	last	last	JJ
32307	230	3	two	two	CD
32307	230	4	,	,	,
32307	230	5	while	while	IN
32307	230	6	feebly	feebly	RB
32307	230	7	active	active	JJ
32307	230	8	themselves	-PRON-	PRP
32307	230	9	,	,	,
32307	230	10	do	do	VBP
32307	230	11	not	not	RB
32307	230	12	form	form	VB
32307	230	13	any	any	DT
32307	230	14	secondary	secondary	JJ
32307	230	15	radio	radio	NN
32307	230	16	-	-	HYPH
32307	230	17	active	active	JJ
32307	230	18	substance	substance	NN
32307	230	19	so	so	RB
32307	230	20	far	far	RB
32307	230	21	as	as	IN
32307	230	22	is	be	VBZ
32307	230	23	known	know	VBN
32307	230	24	.	.	.
32307	231	1	Only	only	RB
32307	231	2	two	two	CD
32307	231	3	of	of	IN
32307	231	4	the	the	DT
32307	231	5	elements	element	NNS
32307	231	6	,	,	,
32307	231	7	then	then	RB
32307	231	8	,	,	,
32307	231	9	can	can	MD
32307	231	10	definitely	definitely	RB
32307	231	11	be	be	VB
32307	231	12	said	say	VBN
32307	231	13	to	to	TO
32307	231	14	go	go	VB
32307	231	15	through	through	IN
32307	231	16	these	these	DT
32307	231	17	transformations	transformation	NNS
32307	231	18	.	.	.
32307	232	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	232	2	is	be	VBZ
32307	232	3	just	just	RB
32307	232	4	possible	possible	JJ
32307	232	5	that	that	IN
32307	232	6	radio	radio	NN
32307	232	7	-	-	HYPH
32307	232	8	activity	activity	NN
32307	232	9	may	may	MD
32307	232	10	be	be	VB
32307	232	11	found	find	VBN
32307	232	12	to	to	TO
32307	232	13	be	be	VB
32307	232	14	a	a	DT
32307	232	15	common	common	JJ
32307	232	16	property	property	NN
32307	232	17	of	of	IN
32307	232	18	all	all	DT
32307	232	19	atoms	atom	NNS
32307	232	20	and	and	CC
32307	232	21	of	of	IN
32307	232	22	all	all	DT
32307	232	23	matter	matter	NN
32307	232	24	.	.	.
32307	233	1	Methods	method	NNS
32307	233	2	of	of	IN
32307	233	3	Investigation	investigation	NN
32307	233	4	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	233	5	is	be	VBZ
32307	233	6	important	important	JJ
32307	233	7	to	to	TO
32307	233	8	know	know	VB
32307	233	9	how	how	WRB
32307	233	10	these	these	DT
32307	233	11	new	new	JJ
32307	233	12	bodies	body	NNS
32307	233	13	were	be	VBD
32307	233	14	discovered	discover	VBN
32307	233	15	and	and	CC
32307	233	16	distinguished	distinguish	VBN
32307	233	17	from	from	IN
32307	233	18	one	one	CD
32307	233	19	another	another	DT
32307	233	20	.	.	.
32307	234	1	Two	two	CD
32307	234	2	properties	property	NNS
32307	234	3	are	be	VBP
32307	234	4	relied	rely	VBN
32307	234	5	upon	upon	IN
32307	234	6	.	.	.
32307	235	1	One	one	CD
32307	235	2	is	be	VBZ
32307	235	3	the	the	DT
32307	235	4	nature	nature	NN
32307	235	5	of	of	IN
32307	235	6	the	the	DT
32307	235	7	rays	ray	NNS
32307	235	8	emitted	emit	VBN
32307	235	9	and	and	CC
32307	235	10	the	the	DT
32307	235	11	other	other	JJ
32307	235	12	is	be	VBZ
32307	235	13	the	the	DT
32307	235	14	duration	duration	NN
32307	235	15	of	of	IN
32307	235	16	the	the	DT
32307	235	17	activity	activity	NN
32307	235	18	.	.	.
32307	236	1	Of	of	RB
32307	236	2	course	course	RB
32307	236	3	,	,	,
32307	236	4	knowledge	knowledge	NN
32307	236	5	of	of	IN
32307	236	6	the	the	DT
32307	236	7	physical	physical	JJ
32307	236	8	and	and	CC
32307	236	9	chemical	chemical	NN
32307	236	10	properties	property	NNS
32307	236	11	is	be	VBZ
32307	236	12	also	also	RB
32307	236	13	of	of	IN
32307	236	14	great	great	JJ
32307	236	15	importance	importance	NN
32307	236	16	whenever	whenever	WRB
32307	236	17	obtainable	obtainable	RB
32307	236	18	.	.	.
32307	237	1	Nature	nature	NN
32307	237	2	of	of	IN
32307	237	3	the	the	DT
32307	237	4	Radiations	radiation	NNS
32307	237	5	The	the	DT
32307	237	6	nature	nature	NN
32307	237	7	of	of	IN
32307	237	8	the	the	DT
32307	237	9	radiation	radiation	NN
32307	237	10	is	be	VBZ
32307	237	11	a	a	DT
32307	237	12	distinguishing	distinguish	VBG
32307	237	13	characteristic	characteristic	NN
32307	237	14	,	,	,
32307	237	15	though	though	IN
32307	237	16	similarity	similarity	NN
32307	237	17	here	here	RB
32307	237	18	does	do	VBZ
32307	237	19	not	not	RB
32307	237	20	prove	prove	VB
32307	237	21	identity	identity	NN
32307	237	22	of	of	IN
32307	237	23	substances	substance	NNS
32307	237	24	.	.	.
32307	238	1	Some	some	DT
32307	238	2	emit	emit	VBP
32307	238	3	[	[	-LRB-
32307	238	4	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	238	5	]	]	-RRB-
32307	238	6	rays	ray	NNS
32307	238	7	only	only	RB
32307	238	8	,	,	,
32307	238	9	some	some	DT
32307	238	10	emit	emit	NN
32307	238	11	[	[	-LRB-
32307	238	12	beta	beta	NN
32307	238	13	]	]	-RRB-
32307	238	14	rays	ray	NNS
32307	238	15	,	,	,
32307	238	16	some	some	DT
32307	238	17	emit	emit	VBP
32307	238	18	two	two	CD
32307	238	19	of	of	IN
32307	238	20	the	the	DT
32307	238	21	possible	possible	JJ
32307	238	22	rays	ray	NNS
32307	238	23	,	,	,
32307	238	24	as	as	IN
32307	238	25	for	for	IN
32307	238	26	instance	instance	NN
32307	238	27	,	,	,
32307	238	28	[	[	-LRB-
32307	238	29	beta	beta	NN
32307	238	30	]	]	-RRB-
32307	238	31	and	and	CC
32307	238	32	[	[	-LRB-
32307	238	33	gamma	gamma	NN
32307	238	34	]	]	-RRB-
32307	238	35	,	,	,
32307	238	36	and	and	CC
32307	238	37	some	some	DT
32307	238	38	emit	emit	VBP
32307	238	39	all	all	DT
32307	238	40	three	three	CD
32307	238	41	.	.	.
32307	239	1	The	the	DT
32307	239	2	rays	ray	NNS
32307	239	3	may	may	MD
32307	239	4	also	also	RB
32307	239	5	differ	differ	VB
32307	239	6	in	in	IN
32307	239	7	the	the	DT
32307	239	8	velocity	velocity	NN
32307	239	9	with	with	IN
32307	239	10	which	which	WDT
32307	239	11	they	-PRON-	PRP
32307	239	12	are	be	VBP
32307	239	13	emitted	emit	VBN
32307	239	14	by	by	IN
32307	239	15	different	different	JJ
32307	239	16	radio	radio	NN
32307	239	17	-	-	HYPH
32307	239	18	active	active	JJ
32307	239	19	substances	substance	NNS
32307	239	20	.	.	.
32307	240	1	Thus	thus	RB
32307	240	2	,	,	,
32307	240	3	in	in	IN
32307	240	4	the	the	DT
32307	240	5	case	case	NN
32307	240	6	of	of	IN
32307	240	7	one	one	CD
32307	240	8	substance	substance	NN
32307	240	9	the	the	DT
32307	240	10	[	[	-LRB-
32307	240	11	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	240	12	]	]	-RRB-
32307	240	13	rays	ray	NNS
32307	240	14	may	may	MD
32307	240	15	have	have	VB
32307	240	16	a	a	DT
32307	240	17	slightly	slightly	RB
32307	240	18	greater	great	JJR
32307	240	19	or	or	CC
32307	240	20	less	less	JJR
32307	240	21	penetrating	penetrating	NN
32307	240	22	power	power	NN
32307	240	23	than	than	IN
32307	240	24	those	those	DT
32307	240	25	emitted	emit	VBN
32307	240	26	by	by	IN
32307	240	27	some	some	DT
32307	240	28	other	other	JJ
32307	240	29	substance	substance	NN
32307	240	30	,	,	,
32307	240	31	and	and	CC
32307	240	32	this	this	DT
32307	240	33	may	may	MD
32307	240	34	be	be	VB
32307	240	35	true	true	JJ
32307	240	36	also	also	RB
32307	240	37	of	of	IN
32307	240	38	the	the	DT
32307	240	39	other	other	JJ
32307	240	40	rays	ray	NNS
32307	240	41	.	.	.
32307	241	1	Life	life	NN
32307	241	2	Periods	Periods	NNP
32307	241	3	The	the	DT
32307	241	4	duration	duration	NN
32307	241	5	of	of	IN
32307	241	6	the	the	DT
32307	241	7	activity	activity	NN
32307	241	8	is	be	VBZ
32307	241	9	called	call	VBN
32307	241	10	the	the	DT
32307	241	11	life	life	NN
32307	241	12	period	period	NN
32307	241	13	.	.	.
32307	242	1	This	this	DT
32307	242	2	is	be	VBZ
32307	242	3	absolutely	absolutely	RB
32307	242	4	fixed	fix	VBN
32307	242	5	for	for	IN
32307	242	6	each	each	DT
32307	242	7	body	body	NN
32307	242	8	and	and	CC
32307	242	9	furnishes	furnish	VBZ
32307	242	10	the	the	DT
32307	242	11	most	most	RBS
32307	242	12	important	important	JJ
32307	242	13	mode	mode	NN
32307	242	14	of	of	IN
32307	242	15	differentiating	differentiate	VBG
32307	242	16	among	among	IN
32307	242	17	them	-PRON-	PRP
32307	242	18	.	.	.
32307	243	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	243	2	measures	measure	VBZ
32307	243	3	the	the	DT
32307	243	4	relative	relative	JJ
32307	243	5	stability	stability	NN
32307	243	6	and	and	CC
32307	243	7	is	be	VBZ
32307	243	8	the	the	DT
32307	243	9	time	time	NN
32307	243	10	which	which	WDT
32307	243	11	must	must	MD
32307	243	12	elapse	elapse	VB
32307	243	13	before	before	IN
32307	243	14	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	243	15	activity	activity	NN
32307	243	16	is	be	VBZ
32307	243	17	lost	lose	VBN
32307	243	18	and	and	CC
32307	243	19	they	-PRON-	PRP
32307	243	20	,	,	,
32307	243	21	changing	change	VBG
32307	243	22	into	into	IN
32307	243	23	something	something	NN
32307	243	24	else	else	RB
32307	243	25	,	,	,
32307	243	26	entirely	entirely	RB
32307	243	27	disappear	disappear	VBP
32307	243	28	.	.	.
32307	244	1	The	the	DT
32307	244	2	measure	measure	NN
32307	244	3	usually	usually	RB
32307	244	4	adopted	adopt	VBN
32307	244	5	is	be	VBZ
32307	244	6	the	the	DT
32307	244	7	half	half	JJ
32307	244	8	-	-	HYPH
32307	244	9	value	value	NN
32307	244	10	period	period	NN
32307	244	11	.	.	.
32307	245	1	Two	two	CD
32307	245	2	hypotheses	hypothesis	NNS
32307	245	3	are	be	VBP
32307	245	4	made	make	VBN
32307	245	5	use	use	NN
32307	245	6	of	of	IN
32307	245	7	:	:	:
32307	245	8	1	1	CD
32307	245	9	.	.	.
32307	246	1	That	that	IN
32307	246	2	there	there	EX
32307	246	3	is	be	VBZ
32307	246	4	a	a	DT
32307	246	5	constant	constant	JJ
32307	246	6	production	production	NN
32307	246	7	of	of	IN
32307	246	8	fresh	fresh	JJ
32307	246	9	radio	radio	NN
32307	246	10	-	-	HYPH
32307	246	11	active	active	JJ
32307	246	12	matter	matter	NN
32307	246	13	by	by	IN
32307	246	14	the	the	DT
32307	246	15	radio	radio	NN
32307	246	16	-	-	HYPH
32307	246	17	active	active	JJ
32307	246	18	body	body	NN
32307	246	19	.	.	.
32307	247	1	2	2	LS
32307	247	2	.	.	.
32307	248	1	That	that	IN
32307	248	2	the	the	DT
32307	248	3	activity	activity	NN
32307	248	4	of	of	IN
32307	248	5	the	the	DT
32307	248	6	matter	matter	NN
32307	248	7	so	so	RB
32307	248	8	formed	form	VBD
32307	248	9	decreases	decrease	NNS
32307	248	10	according	accord	VBG
32307	248	11	to	to	IN
32307	248	12	an	an	DT
32307	248	13	exponential	exponential	JJ
32307	248	14	law	law	NN
32307	248	15	with	with	IN
32307	248	16	the	the	DT
32307	248	17	time	time	NN
32307	248	18	from	from	IN
32307	248	19	the	the	DT
32307	248	20	moment	moment	NN
32307	248	21	of	of	IN
32307	248	22	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	248	23	formation	formation	NN
32307	248	24	.	.	.
32307	249	1	These	these	DT
32307	249	2	hypotheses	hypothesis	NNS
32307	249	3	agree	agree	VBP
32307	249	4	with	with	IN
32307	249	5	the	the	DT
32307	249	6	experimental	experimental	JJ
32307	249	7	results	result	NNS
32307	249	8	.	.	.
32307	250	1	The	the	DT
32307	250	2	decrease	decrease	NN
32307	250	3	and	and	CC
32307	250	4	rise	rise	NN
32307	250	5	of	of	IN
32307	250	6	activity	activity	NN
32307	250	7	,	,	,
32307	250	8	for	for	IN
32307	250	9	example	example	NN
32307	250	10	,	,	,
32307	250	11	of	of	IN
32307	250	12	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	250	13	and	and	CC
32307	250	14	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	250	15	_	_	NNP
32307	250	16	X	X	NNP
32307	250	17	_	_	NNP
32307	250	18	,	,	,
32307	250	19	and	and	CC
32307	250	20	also	also	RB
32307	250	21	of	of	IN
32307	250	22	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	250	23	and	and	CC
32307	250	24	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	250	25	_	_	NNP
32307	250	26	X	X	NNP
32307	250	27	_	_	NNP
32307	250	28	,	,	,
32307	250	29	have	have	VBP
32307	250	30	been	be	VBN
32307	250	31	measured	measure	VBN
32307	250	32	,	,	,
32307	250	33	plotted	plot	VBN
32307	250	34	,	,	,
32307	250	35	and	and	CC
32307	250	36	the	the	DT
32307	250	37	equations	equation	NNS
32307	250	38	worked	work	VBD
32307	250	39	out	out	RP
32307	250	40	.	.	.
32307	251	1	Manifestly	manifestly	RB
32307	251	2	,	,	,
32307	251	3	a	a	DT
32307	251	4	state	state	NN
32307	251	5	of	of	IN
32307	251	6	equilibrium	equilibrium	NN
32307	251	7	will	will	MD
32307	251	8	be	be	VB
32307	251	9	reached	reach	VBN
32307	251	10	when	when	WRB
32307	251	11	the	the	DT
32307	251	12	rate	rate	NN
32307	251	13	of	of	IN
32307	251	14	loss	loss	NN
32307	251	15	of	of	IN
32307	251	16	activity	activity	NN
32307	251	17	of	of	IN
32307	251	18	the	the	DT
32307	251	19	matter	matter	NN
32307	251	20	already	already	RB
32307	251	21	produced	produce	VBN
32307	251	22	is	be	VBZ
32307	251	23	balanced	balance	VBN
32307	251	24	by	by	IN
32307	251	25	the	the	DT
32307	251	26	activity	activity	NN
32307	251	27	of	of	IN
32307	251	28	the	the	DT
32307	251	29	new	new	JJ
32307	251	30	matter	matter	NN
32307	251	31	produced	produce	VBN
32307	251	32	.	.	.
32307	252	1	This	this	DT
32307	252	2	equilibrium	equilibrium	NN
32307	252	3	and	and	CC
32307	252	4	the	the	DT
32307	252	5	knowledge	knowledge	NN
32307	252	6	of	of	IN
32307	252	7	the	the	DT
32307	252	8	rate	rate	NN
32307	252	9	of	of	IN
32307	252	10	decrease	decrease	NN
32307	252	11	in	in	IN
32307	252	12	general	general	JJ
32307	252	13	will	will	MD
32307	252	14	have	have	VB
32307	252	15	little	little	JJ
32307	252	16	value	value	NN
32307	252	17	if	if	IN
32307	252	18	this	this	DT
32307	252	19	rate	rate	NN
32307	252	20	,	,	,
32307	252	21	like	like	IN
32307	252	22	chemical	chemical	NN
32307	252	23	changes	change	NNS
32307	252	24	,	,	,
32307	252	25	is	be	VBZ
32307	252	26	subject	subject	JJ
32307	252	27	to	to	IN
32307	252	28	the	the	DT
32307	252	29	influence	influence	NN
32307	252	30	of	of	IN
32307	252	31	chemical	chemical	NN
32307	252	32	and	and	CC
32307	252	33	physical	physical	JJ
32307	252	34	conditions	condition	NNS
32307	252	35	.	.	.
32307	253	1	The	the	DT
32307	253	2	rate	rate	NN
32307	253	3	of	of	IN
32307	253	4	decrease	decrease	NN
32307	253	5	has	have	VBZ
32307	253	6	been	be	VBN
32307	253	7	found	find	VBN
32307	253	8	to	to	TO
32307	253	9	be	be	VB
32307	253	10	unaltered	unaltered	JJ
32307	253	11	by	by	IN
32307	253	12	any	any	DT
32307	253	13	known	know	VBN
32307	253	14	chemical	chemical	NN
32307	253	15	or	or	CC
32307	253	16	physical	physical	JJ
32307	253	17	agency	agency	NN
32307	253	18	.	.	.
32307	254	1	For	for	IN
32307	254	2	instance	instance	NN
32307	254	3	,	,	,
32307	254	4	neither	neither	CC
32307	254	5	the	the	DT
32307	254	6	highest	high	JJS
32307	254	7	temperatures	temperature	NNS
32307	254	8	applicable	applicable	JJ
32307	254	9	nor	nor	CC
32307	254	10	the	the	DT
32307	254	11	cold	cold	NN
32307	254	12	of	of	IN
32307	254	13	liquid	liquid	JJ
32307	254	14	air	air	NN
32307	254	15	have	have	VBP
32307	254	16	any	any	DT
32307	254	17	appreciable	appreciable	JJ
32307	254	18	effect	effect	NN
32307	254	19	.	.	.
32307	255	1	Equilibrium	Equilibrium	NNP
32307	255	2	Series	Series	NNP
32307	255	3	In	in	IN
32307	255	4	order	order	NN
32307	255	5	to	to	TO
32307	255	6	measure	measure	VB
32307	255	7	the	the	DT
32307	255	8	disintegration	disintegration	NN
32307	255	9	of	of	IN
32307	255	10	a	a	DT
32307	255	11	radio	radio	NN
32307	255	12	-	-	HYPH
32307	255	13	active	active	JJ
32307	255	14	body	body	NN
32307	255	15	in	in	IN
32307	255	16	units	unit	NNS
32307	255	17	of	of	IN
32307	255	18	time	time	NN
32307	255	19	so	so	IN
32307	255	20	that	that	IN
32307	255	21	the	the	DT
32307	255	22	rate	rate	NN
32307	255	23	may	may	MD
32307	255	24	be	be	VB
32307	255	25	comparable	comparable	JJ
32307	255	26	with	with	IN
32307	255	27	that	that	DT
32307	255	28	of	of	IN
32307	255	29	other	other	JJ
32307	255	30	radio	radio	NN
32307	255	31	-	-	HYPH
32307	255	32	active	active	JJ
32307	255	33	bodies	body	NNS
32307	255	34	,	,	,
32307	255	35	the	the	DT
32307	255	36	relation	relation	NN
32307	255	37	between	between	IN
32307	255	38	the	the	DT
32307	255	39	amounts	amount	NNS
32307	255	40	under	under	IN
32307	255	41	consideration	consideration	NN
32307	255	42	must	must	MD
32307	255	43	be	be	VB
32307	255	44	a	a	DT
32307	255	45	definite	definite	JJ
32307	255	46	one	one	NN
32307	255	47	.	.	.
32307	256	1	For	for	IN
32307	256	2	this	this	DT
32307	256	3	purpose	purpose	NN
32307	256	4	equal	equal	JJ
32307	256	5	weights	weight	NNS
32307	256	6	of	of	IN
32307	256	7	the	the	DT
32307	256	8	bodies	body	NNS
32307	256	9	are	be	VBP
32307	256	10	not	not	RB
32307	256	11	taken	take	VBN
32307	256	12	,	,	,
32307	256	13	but	but	CC
32307	256	14	use	use	NN
32307	256	15	is	be	VBZ
32307	256	16	made	make	VBN
32307	256	17	of	of	IN
32307	256	18	the	the	DT
32307	256	19	amounts	amount	NNS
32307	256	20	which	which	WDT
32307	256	21	are	be	VBP
32307	256	22	in	in	IN
32307	256	23	equilibrium	equilibrium	NN
32307	256	24	with	with	IN
32307	256	25	a	a	DT
32307	256	26	fixed	fix	VBN
32307	256	27	amount	amount	NN
32307	256	28	of	of	IN
32307	256	29	the	the	DT
32307	256	30	parent	parent	NN
32307	256	31	substance	substance	NN
32307	256	32	.	.	.
32307	257	1	One	one	CD
32307	257	2	gram	gram	NN
32307	257	3	of	of	IN
32307	257	4	radium	radium	NN
32307	257	5	has	have	VBZ
32307	257	6	been	be	VBN
32307	257	7	settled	settle	VBN
32307	257	8	upon	upon	IN
32307	257	9	as	as	IN
32307	257	10	the	the	DT
32307	257	11	standard	standard	NN
32307	257	12	for	for	IN
32307	257	13	that	that	DT
32307	257	14	series	series	NN
32307	257	15	and	and	CC
32307	257	16	a	a	DT
32307	257	17	unit	unit	NN
32307	257	18	known	know	VBN
32307	257	19	as	as	IN
32307	257	20	the	the	DT
32307	257	21	"	"	``
32307	257	22	curie	curie	NN
32307	257	23	"	"	''
32307	257	24	has	have	VBZ
32307	257	25	been	be	VBN
32307	257	26	adopted	adopt	VBN
32307	257	27	to	to	TO
32307	257	28	express	express	VB
32307	257	29	the	the	DT
32307	257	30	equilibrium	equilibrium	NN
32307	257	31	quantity	quantity	NN
32307	257	32	of	of	IN
32307	257	33	radium	radium	NN
32307	257	34	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	257	35	.	.	.
32307	258	1	Thus	thus	RB
32307	258	2	,	,	,
32307	258	3	a	a	DT
32307	258	4	curie	curie	NN
32307	258	5	of	of	IN
32307	258	6	radium	radium	NN
32307	258	7	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	258	8	(	(	-LRB-
32307	258	9	or	or	CC
32307	258	10	niton	niton	NNP
32307	258	11	)	)	-RRB-
32307	258	12	is	be	VBZ
32307	258	13	the	the	DT
32307	258	14	weight	weight	NN
32307	258	15	(	(	-LRB-
32307	258	16	or	or	CC
32307	258	17	,	,	,
32307	258	18	as	as	IN
32307	258	19	this	this	DT
32307	258	20	is	be	VBZ
32307	258	21	a	a	DT
32307	258	22	gas	gas	NN
32307	258	23	,	,	,
32307	258	24	the	the	DT
32307	258	25	volume	volume	NN
32307	258	26	at	at	IN
32307	258	27	standard	standard	JJ
32307	258	28	pressure	pressure	NN
32307	258	29	and	and	CC
32307	258	30	temperature	temperature	NN
32307	258	31	)	)	-RRB-
32307	258	32	of	of	IN
32307	258	33	the	the	DT
32307	258	34	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	258	35	in	in	IN
32307	258	36	equilibrium	equilibrium	NN
32307	258	37	with	with	IN
32307	258	38	one	one	CD
32307	258	39	gram	gram	NN
32307	258	40	of	of	IN
32307	258	41	radium	radium	NN
32307	258	42	.	.	.
32307	259	1	This	this	DT
32307	259	2	,	,	,
32307	259	3	by	by	IN
32307	259	4	calculation	calculation	NN
32307	259	5	and	and	CC
32307	259	6	experiment	experiment	NN
32307	259	7	,	,	,
32307	259	8	is	be	VBZ
32307	259	9	found	find	VBN
32307	259	10	to	to	TO
32307	259	11	be	be	VB
32307	259	12	0.63	0.63	CD
32307	259	13	cubic	cubic	JJ
32307	259	14	millimeter	millimeter	NN
32307	259	15	.	.	.
32307	260	1	When	when	WRB
32307	260	2	this	this	DT
32307	260	3	amount	amount	NN
32307	260	4	has	have	VBZ
32307	260	5	been	be	VBN
32307	260	6	produced	produce	VBN
32307	260	7	by	by	IN
32307	260	8	one	one	CD
32307	260	9	gram	gram	NN
32307	260	10	of	of	IN
32307	260	11	radium	radium	NN
32307	260	12	,	,	,
32307	260	13	the	the	DT
32307	260	14	formation	formation	NN
32307	260	15	and	and	CC
32307	260	16	decay	decay	NN
32307	260	17	will	will	MD
32307	260	18	exactly	exactly	RB
32307	260	19	balance	balance	VB
32307	260	20	one	one	CD
32307	260	21	another	another	DT
32307	260	22	.	.	.
32307	261	1	This	this	DT
32307	261	2	is	be	VBZ
32307	261	3	,	,	,
32307	261	4	therefore	therefore	RB
32307	261	5	,	,	,
32307	261	6	one	one	CD
32307	261	7	curie	curie	NN
32307	261	8	of	of	IN
32307	261	9	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	261	10	.	.	.
32307	262	1	The	the	DT
32307	262	2	measurement	measurement	NN
32307	262	3	of	of	IN
32307	262	4	the	the	DT
32307	262	5	rate	rate	NN
32307	262	6	of	of	IN
32307	262	7	decay	decay	NN
32307	262	8	is	be	VBZ
32307	262	9	difficult	difficult	JJ
32307	262	10	but	but	CC
32307	262	11	can	can	MD
32307	262	12	be	be	VB
32307	262	13	carried	carry	VBN
32307	262	14	out	out	RP
32307	262	15	with	with	IN
32307	262	16	great	great	JJ
32307	262	17	accuracy	accuracy	NN
32307	262	18	,	,	,
32307	262	19	even	even	RB
32307	262	20	down	down	IN
32307	262	21	to	to	IN
32307	262	22	seconds	second	NNS
32307	262	23	,	,	,
32307	262	24	in	in	IN
32307	262	25	the	the	DT
32307	262	26	case	case	NN
32307	262	27	of	of	IN
32307	262	28	certain	certain	JJ
32307	262	29	short	short	RB
32307	262	30	-	-	HYPH
32307	262	31	lived	live	VBN
32307	262	32	bodies	body	NNS
32307	262	33	.	.	.
32307	263	1	Errors	error	NNS
32307	263	2	crept	creep	VBD
32307	263	3	in	in	RP
32307	263	4	at	at	IN
32307	263	5	first	first	RB
32307	263	6	from	from	IN
32307	263	7	the	the	DT
32307	263	8	failure	failure	NN
32307	263	9	to	to	TO
32307	263	10	completely	completely	RB
32307	263	11	separate	separate	VB
32307	263	12	the	the	DT
32307	263	13	substances	substance	NNS
32307	263	14	produced	produce	VBN
32307	263	15	in	in	IN
32307	263	16	the	the	DT
32307	263	17	series	series	NN
32307	263	18	,	,	,
32307	263	19	and	and	CC
32307	263	20	sometimes	sometimes	RB
32307	263	21	because	because	IN
32307	263	22	of	of	IN
32307	263	23	the	the	DT
32307	263	24	simultaneous	simultaneous	JJ
32307	263	25	production	production	NN
32307	263	26	of	of	IN
32307	263	27	two	two	CD
32307	263	28	substances	substance	NNS
32307	263	29	.	.	.
32307	264	1	As	as	IN
32307	264	2	stated	state	VBN
32307	264	3	,	,	,
32307	264	4	the	the	DT
32307	264	5	decay	decay	NN
32307	264	6	follows	follow	VBZ
32307	264	7	an	an	DT
32307	264	8	exponential	exponential	JJ
32307	264	9	law	law	NN
32307	264	10	.	.	.
32307	265	1	The	the	DT
32307	265	2	time	time	NN
32307	265	3	required	require	VBN
32307	265	4	for	for	IN
32307	265	5	the	the	DT
32307	265	6	decay	decay	NN
32307	265	7	of	of	IN
32307	265	8	activity	activity	NN
32307	265	9	to	to	IN
32307	265	10	half	half	JJ
32307	265	11	-	-	HYPH
32307	265	12	value	value	NN
32307	265	13	does	do	VBZ
32307	265	14	not	not	RB
32307	265	15	mean	mean	VB
32307	265	16	,	,	,
32307	265	17	therefore	therefore	RB
32307	265	18	,	,	,
32307	265	19	that	that	IN
32307	265	20	there	there	EX
32307	265	21	will	will	MD
32307	265	22	be	be	VB
32307	265	23	total	total	JJ
32307	265	24	decay	decay	NN
32307	265	25	in	in	IN
32307	265	26	twice	twice	PDT
32307	265	27	that	that	DT
32307	265	28	time	time	NN
32307	265	29	.	.	.
32307	266	1	Thus	thus	RB
32307	266	2	the	the	DT
32307	266	3	half	half	JJ
32307	266	4	-	-	HYPH
32307	266	5	value	value	NN
32307	266	6	period	period	NN
32307	266	7	for	for	IN
32307	266	8	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	266	9	_	_	NNP
32307	266	10	X	X	NNP
32307	266	11	_	_	NNP
32307	266	12	is	be	VBZ
32307	266	13	about	about	RB
32307	266	14	22	22	CD
32307	266	15	days	day	NNS
32307	266	16	.	.	.
32307	267	1	The	the	DT
32307	267	2	period	period	NN
32307	267	3	for	for	IN
32307	267	4	complete	complete	JJ
32307	267	5	decay	decay	NN
32307	267	6	is	be	VBZ
32307	267	7	about	about	RB
32307	267	8	160	160	CD
32307	267	9	days	day	NNS
32307	267	10	.	.	.
32307	268	1	This	this	DT
32307	268	2	half	half	JJ
32307	268	3	-	-	HYPH
32307	268	4	value	value	NN
32307	268	5	period	period	NN
32307	268	6	corresponds	correspond	NNS
32307	268	7	to	to	IN
32307	268	8	the	the	DT
32307	268	9	half	half	JJ
32307	268	10	-	-	HYPH
32307	268	11	value	value	NN
32307	268	12	recovery	recovery	NN
32307	268	13	period	period	NN
32307	268	14	of	of	IN
32307	268	15	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	268	16	,	,	,
32307	268	17	which	which	WDT
32307	268	18	is	be	VBZ
32307	268	19	also	also	RB
32307	268	20	22	22	CD
32307	268	21	days	day	NNS
32307	268	22	.	.	.
32307	269	1	These	these	DT
32307	269	2	were	be	VBD
32307	269	3	the	the	DT
32307	269	4	earlier	early	JJR
32307	269	5	figures	figure	NNS
32307	269	6	obtained	obtain	VBN
32307	269	7	for	for	IN
32307	269	8	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	269	9	_	_	NNP
32307	269	10	X	X	NNP
32307	269	11	_	_	NNP
32307	269	12	and	and	CC
32307	269	13	they	-PRON-	PRP
32307	269	14	illustrate	illustrate	VBP
32307	269	15	some	some	DT
32307	269	16	of	of	IN
32307	269	17	the	the	DT
32307	269	18	difficulties	difficulty	NNS
32307	269	19	surrounding	surround	VBG
32307	269	20	such	such	JJ
32307	269	21	determinations	determination	NNS
32307	269	22	.	.	.
32307	270	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	270	2	was	be	VBD
32307	270	3	found	find	VBN
32307	270	4	later	later	RB
32307	270	5	that	that	IN
32307	270	6	the	the	DT
32307	270	7	body	body	NN
32307	270	8	examined	examine	VBD
32307	270	9	as	as	IN
32307	270	10	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	270	11	_	_	NNP
32307	270	12	X	X	NNP
32307	270	13	_	_	NNP
32307	270	14	was	be	VBD
32307	270	15	really	really	RB
32307	270	16	a	a	DT
32307	270	17	constant	constant	JJ
32307	270	18	mixture	mixture	NN
32307	270	19	and	and	CC
32307	270	20	of	of	IN
32307	270	21	course	course	NN
32307	270	22	the	the	DT
32307	270	23	decay	decay	NN
32307	270	24	and	and	CC
32307	270	25	recovery	recovery	NN
32307	270	26	periods	period	NNS
32307	270	27	were	be	VBD
32307	270	28	also	also	RB
32307	270	29	composite	composite	JJ
32307	270	30	.	.	.
32307	271	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	271	2	required	require	VBD
32307	271	3	later	later	RB
32307	271	4	and	and	CC
32307	271	5	very	very	RB
32307	271	6	skilful	skilful	JJ
32307	271	7	work	work	NN
32307	271	8	to	to	TO
32307	271	9	separate	separate	VB
32307	271	10	them	-PRON-	PRP
32307	271	11	into	into	IN
32307	271	12	the	the	DT
32307	271	13	bodies	body	NNS
32307	271	14	indicated	indicate	VBN
32307	271	15	in	in	IN
32307	271	16	the	the	DT
32307	271	17	disintegration	disintegration	NNP
32307	271	18	series	series	NNP
32307	271	19	.	.	.
32307	272	1	The	the	DT
32307	272	2	half	half	JJ
32307	272	3	-	-	HYPH
32307	272	4	value	value	NN
32307	272	5	period	period	NN
32307	272	6	for	for	IN
32307	272	7	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	272	8	_	_	NNP
32307	272	9	X	X	NNP
32307	272	10	_	_	NNP
32307	272	11	is	be	VBZ
32307	272	12	much	much	RB
32307	272	13	shorter	short	JJR
32307	272	14	,	,	,
32307	272	15	namely	namely	RB
32307	272	16	,	,	,
32307	272	17	a	a	DT
32307	272	18	little	little	JJ
32307	272	19	over	over	IN
32307	272	20	four	four	CD
32307	272	21	days	day	NNS
32307	272	22	,	,	,
32307	272	23	and	and	CC
32307	272	24	this	this	DT
32307	272	25	is	be	VBZ
32307	272	26	also	also	RB
32307	272	27	the	the	DT
32307	272	28	recovery	recovery	NN
32307	272	29	period	period	NN
32307	272	30	for	for	IN
32307	272	31	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	272	32	_	_	NNP
32307	272	33	X	X	NNP
32307	272	34	_	_	NNP
32307	272	35	.	.	.
32307	273	1	The	the	DT
32307	273	2	plotted	plotted	JJ
32307	273	3	decay	decay	NN
32307	273	4	and	and	CC
32307	273	5	recovery	recovery	NN
32307	273	6	curves	curve	NNS
32307	273	7	will	will	MD
32307	273	8	intersect	intersect	VB
32307	273	9	at	at	IN
32307	273	10	this	this	DT
32307	273	11	point	point	NN
32307	273	12	.	.	.
32307	274	1	The	the	DT
32307	274	2	consecutive	consecutive	JJ
32307	274	3	disintegration	disintegration	NN
32307	274	4	series	series	NN
32307	274	5	,	,	,
32307	274	6	with	with	IN
32307	274	7	the	the	DT
32307	274	8	half	half	JJ
32307	274	9	-	-	HYPH
32307	274	10	value	value	NN
32307	274	11	periods	period	NNS
32307	274	12	,	,	,
32307	274	13	for	for	IN
32307	274	14	the	the	DT
32307	274	15	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	274	16	and	and	CC
32307	274	17	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	274	18	series	series	NN
32307	274	19	as	as	IN
32307	274	20	given	give	VBN
32307	274	21	by	by	IN
32307	274	22	Soddy	Soddy	NNP
32307	274	23	are	be	VBP
32307	274	24	seen	see	VBN
32307	274	25	in	in	IN
32307	274	26	the	the	DT
32307	274	27	following	follow	VBG
32307	274	28	tables	table	NNS
32307	274	29	.	.	.
32307	275	1	They	-PRON-	PRP
32307	275	2	are	be	VBP
32307	275	3	probably	probably	RB
32307	275	4	subject	subject	JJ
32307	275	5	to	to	IN
32307	275	6	some	some	DT
32307	275	7	changes	change	NNS
32307	275	8	on	on	IN
32307	275	9	further	further	JJ
32307	275	10	and	and	CC
32307	275	11	more	more	RBR
32307	275	12	accurate	accurate	JJ
32307	275	13	determination	determination	NN
32307	275	14	.	.	.
32307	276	1	The	the	DT
32307	276	2	nature	nature	NN
32307	276	3	of	of	IN
32307	276	4	the	the	DT
32307	276	5	rays	ray	NNS
32307	276	6	emitted	emit	VBN
32307	276	7	is	be	VBZ
32307	276	8	also	also	RB
32307	276	9	given	give	VBN
32307	276	10	.	.	.
32307	277	1	[	[	-LRB-
32307	277	2	Illustration	illustration	NN
32307	277	3	:	:	:
32307	277	4	Uranium	Uranium	NNP
32307	277	5	(	(	-LRB-
32307	277	6	8	8	CD
32307	277	7	×	×	CD
32307	277	8	10	10	CD
32307	277	9	^	^	SYM
32307	277	10	9	9	CD
32307	277	11	years	year	NNS
32307	277	12	)	)	-RRB-
32307	277	13	238.5	238.5	CD
32307	277	14	-	-	HYPH
32307	277	15	>	>	XX
32307	277	16	[	[	-LRB-
32307	277	17	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	277	18	]	]	-RRB-
32307	277	19	-	-	:
32307	277	20	>	>	XX
32307	277	21	[	[	-LRB-
32307	277	22	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	277	23	]	]	-RRB-
32307	277	24	\/	\/	NNP
32307	277	25	Uranium	Uranium	NNP
32307	277	26	X	x	NN
32307	277	27	(	(	-LRB-
32307	277	28	35.5	35.5	CD
32307	277	29	days	day	NNS
32307	277	30	)	)	-RRB-
32307	277	31	(	(	-LRB-
32307	277	32	230.5	230.5	CD
32307	277	33	)	)	-RRB-
32307	277	34	-	-	:
32307	277	35	>	>	XX
32307	277	36	[	[	-LRB-
32307	277	37	beta]&[gamma	beta]&[gamma	NN
32307	277	38	]	]	-RRB-
32307	277	39	-	-	:
32307	277	40	>	>	XX
32307	277	41	(	(	-LRB-
32307	277	42	[	[	-LRB-
32307	277	43	beta	beta	NN
32307	277	44	]	]	-RRB-
32307	277	45	)	)	-RRB-
32307	277	46	\/	\/	CD
32307	277	47	\/	\/	CD
32307	277	48	\/	\/	CD
32307	277	49	Ionium	ionium	NN
32307	277	50	(	(	-LRB-
32307	277	51	5	5	CD
32307	277	52	×	×	CD
32307	277	53	10	10	CD
32307	277	54	^	^	SYM
32307	277	55	4	4	CD
32307	277	56	to	to	TO
32307	277	57	10	10	CD
32307	277	58	^	^	SYM
32307	277	59	6	6	CD
32307	277	60	years	year	NNS
32307	277	61	)	)	-RRB-
32307	277	62	(	(	-LRB-
32307	277	63	230.5	230.5	CD
32307	277	64	)	)	-RRB-
32307	277	65	-	-	:
32307	277	66	>	>	XX
32307	277	67	[	[	-LRB-
32307	277	68	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	277	69	]	]	-RRB-
32307	277	70	\/	\/	NNP
32307	277	71	Radium	Radium	NNP
32307	277	72	(	(	-LRB-
32307	277	73	2,500	2,500	CD
32307	277	74	years	year	NNS
32307	277	75	)	)	-RRB-
32307	277	76	226.4	226.4	CD
32307	277	77	-	-	HYPH
32307	277	78	>	>	XX
32307	277	79	[	[	-LRB-
32307	277	80	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	277	81	]	]	-RRB-
32307	277	82	\/	\/	NNP
32307	277	83	Emanation	emanation	NN
32307	277	84	(	(	-LRB-
32307	277	85	5.57	5.57	CD
32307	277	86	days	day	NNS
32307	277	87	)	)	-RRB-
32307	277	88	(	(	-LRB-
32307	277	89	222.4	222.4	CD
32307	277	90	)	)	-RRB-
32307	277	91	-	-	HYPH
32307	277	92	>	>	XX
32307	277	93	[	[	-LRB-
32307	277	94	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	277	95	]	]	-RRB-
32307	277	96	\/	\/	NNP
32307	277	97	Radium	Radium	NNP
32307	277	98	A	A	NNP
32307	277	99	(	(	-LRB-
32307	277	100	4.3	4.3	CD
32307	277	101	minutes	minute	NNS
32307	277	102	)	)	-RRB-
32307	277	103	(	(	-LRB-
32307	277	104	218.4	218.4	CD
32307	277	105	)	)	-RRB-
32307	277	106	-	-	:
32307	277	107	>	>	XX
32307	277	108	[	[	-LRB-
32307	277	109	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	277	110	]	]	-RRB-
32307	277	111	\/	\/	NNP
32307	277	112	Radium	Radium	NNP
32307	277	113	B	B	NNP
32307	277	114	(	(	-LRB-
32307	277	115	38.5	38.5	CD
32307	277	116	minutes	minute	NNS
32307	277	117	)	)	-RRB-
32307	277	118	(	(	-LRB-
32307	277	119	214.4	214.4	CD
32307	277	120	)	)	-RRB-
32307	277	121	-	-	:
32307	277	122	>	>	XX
32307	277	123	(	(	-LRB-
32307	277	124	[	[	-LRB-
32307	277	125	beta	beta	NN
32307	277	126	]	]	-RRB-
32307	277	127	)	)	-RRB-
32307	277	128	\/	\/	NNP
32307	277	129	Radium	Radium	NNP
32307	277	130	C_{1	C_{1	NNP
32307	277	131	}	}	-RRB-
32307	277	132	(	(	-LRB-
32307	277	133	28.1	28.1	CD
32307	277	134	minutes	minute	NNS
32307	277	135	)	)	-RRB-
32307	277	136	{	{	-LRB-
32307	277	137	(	(	-LRB-
32307	277	138	214.4	214.4	CD
32307	277	139	)	)	-RRB-
32307	277	140	-	-	:
32307	277	141	>	>	XX
32307	277	142	[	[	-LRB-
32307	277	143	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	277	144	]	]	-RRB-
32307	277	145	{	{	-LRB-
32307	277	146	-	-	HYPH
32307	277	147	>	>	XX
32307	277	148	[	[	-LRB-
32307	277	149	beta]&[gamma	beta]&[gamma	NN
32307	277	150	]	]	-RRB-
32307	277	151	{	{	-LRB-
32307	277	152	\/	\/	NNP
32307	277	153	Radium	Radium	NNP
32307	277	154	C_{2	C_{2	NNP
32307	277	155	}	}	-RRB-
32307	277	156	(	(	-LRB-
32307	277	157	1.9	1.9	CD
32307	277	158	minutes	minute	NNS
32307	277	159	)	)	-RRB-
32307	277	160	{	{	-LRB-
32307	277	161	(	(	-LRB-
32307	277	162	210.4	210.4	CD
32307	277	163	)	)	-RRB-
32307	277	164	-	-	:
32307	277	165	>	>	XX
32307	277	166	[	[	-LRB-
32307	277	167	beta]&[gamma	beta]&[gamma	NN
32307	277	168	]	]	-RRB-
32307	277	169	\/	\/	NNP
32307	277	170	Radium	Radium	NNP
32307	277	171	D	D	NNP
32307	277	172	(	(	-LRB-
32307	277	173	24	24	CD
32307	277	174	years	year	NNS
32307	277	175	?	?	.
32307	277	176	)	)	-RRB-
32307	278	1	(	(	-LRB-
32307	278	2	210.4	210.4	CD
32307	278	3	)	)	-RRB-
32307	278	4	-	-	:
32307	278	5	>	>	XX
32307	278	6	(	(	-LRB-
32307	278	7	[	[	-LRB-
32307	278	8	beta	beta	NN
32307	278	9	]	]	-RRB-
32307	278	10	)	)	-RRB-
32307	278	11	\/	\/	NNP
32307	278	12	Radium	radium	NN
32307	278	13	E	e	NN
32307	278	14	(	(	-LRB-
32307	278	15	7.25	7.25	CD
32307	278	16	days	day	NNS
32307	278	17	)	)	-RRB-
32307	278	18	(	(	-LRB-
32307	278	19	210.4	210.4	CD
32307	278	20	)	)	-RRB-
32307	278	21	-	-	:
32307	278	22	>	>	XX
32307	278	23	[	[	-LRB-
32307	278	24	beta]&[gamma	beta]&[gamma	NN
32307	278	25	]	]	-RRB-
32307	278	26	\/	\/	NNP
32307	278	27	Radium	Radium	NNP
32307	278	28	F	F	NNP
32307	278	29	(	(	-LRB-
32307	278	30	Polonium	Polonium	NNP
32307	278	31	202	202	CD
32307	278	32	days	day	NNS
32307	278	33	)	)	-RRB-
32307	278	34	(	(	-LRB-
32307	278	35	210.4	210.4	CD
32307	278	36	)	)	-RRB-
32307	278	37	-	-	:
32307	278	38	>	>	XX
32307	278	39	[	[	-LRB-
32307	278	40	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	278	41	]	]	-RRB-
32307	278	42	\/	\/	NNP
32307	278	43	Radium	Radium	NNP
32307	278	44	G	G	NNP
32307	278	45	(	(	-LRB-
32307	278	46	probably	probably	RB
32307	278	47	lead	lead	VB
32307	278	48	)	)	-RRB-
32307	278	49	(	(	-LRB-
32307	278	50	206.8	206.8	CD
32307	278	51	)	)	-RRB-
32307	278	52	Actinium	Actinium	NNP
32307	278	53	(	(	-LRB-
32307	278	54	?	?	.
32307	278	55	)	)	-RRB-
32307	279	1	\/	\/	NNP
32307	279	2	Radio	Radio	NNP
32307	279	3	-	-	HYPH
32307	279	4	Actinium	Actinium	NNP
32307	279	5	(	(	-LRB-
32307	279	6	28.1	28.1	CD
32307	279	7	days	day	NNS
32307	279	8	)	)	-RRB-
32307	279	9	-	-	:
32307	279	10	>	>	XX
32307	279	11	[	[	-LRB-
32307	279	12	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	279	13	]	]	-RRB-
32307	279	14	-	-	:
32307	279	15	>	>	XX
32307	279	16	(	(	-LRB-
32307	279	17	[	[	-LRB-
32307	279	18	beta	beta	NN
32307	279	19	]	]	-RRB-
32307	279	20	)	)	-RRB-
32307	279	21	\/	\/	NNP
32307	279	22	Actinium	Actinium	NNP
32307	279	23	X	X	NNS
32307	279	24	(	(	-LRB-
32307	279	25	15	15	CD
32307	279	26	days	day	NNS
32307	279	27	)	)	-RRB-
32307	279	28	-	-	:
32307	279	29	>	>	XX
32307	279	30	[	[	-LRB-
32307	279	31	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	279	32	]	]	-RRB-
32307	279	33	\/	\/	NNP
32307	279	34	Emanation	emanation	NN
32307	279	35	(	(	-LRB-
32307	279	36	5.6	5.6	CD
32307	279	37	seconds	second	NNS
32307	279	38	)	)	-RRB-
32307	279	39	-	-	:
32307	279	40	>	>	XX
32307	279	41	[	[	-LRB-
32307	279	42	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	279	43	]	]	-RRB-
32307	279	44	\/	\/	NNP
32307	279	45	Actinium	Actinium	NNP
32307	279	46	A	a	NN
32307	279	47	(	(	-LRB-
32307	279	48	0.0029	0.0029	CD
32307	279	49	second	second	JJ
32307	279	50	)	)	-RRB-
32307	279	51	-	-	HYPH
32307	279	52	>	>	XX
32307	279	53	[	[	-LRB-
32307	279	54	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	279	55	]	]	-RRB-
32307	279	56	\/	\/	NNP
32307	279	57	Actinium	Actinium	NNP
32307	279	58	B	b	NN
32307	279	59	(	(	-LRB-
32307	279	60	52.1	52.1	CD
32307	279	61	minutes	minute	NNS
32307	279	62	)	)	-RRB-
32307	279	63	-	-	:
32307	279	64	>	>	XX
32307	279	65	(	(	-LRB-
32307	279	66	[	[	-LRB-
32307	279	67	beta	beta	NN
32307	279	68	]	]	-RRB-
32307	279	69	)	)	-RRB-
32307	279	70	\/	\/	CD
32307	279	71	Actinium	Actinium	NNP
32307	279	72	C_{1	C_{1	NNP
32307	279	73	}	}	-RRB-
32307	279	74	(	(	-LRB-
32307	279	75	3.10	3.10	CD
32307	279	76	mins	min	NNS
32307	279	77	.	.	.
32307	279	78	)	)	-RRB-
32307	280	1	{	{	-LRB-
32307	280	2	-	-	HYPH
32307	280	3	>	>	XX
32307	280	4	[	[	-LRB-
32307	280	5	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	280	6	]	]	-RRB-
32307	280	7	{	{	-LRB-
32307	280	8	\/	\/	NNP
32307	280	9	Actinium	Actinium	NNP
32307	280	10	C_{2	C_{2	NNP
32307	280	11	}	}	-RRB-
32307	280	12	(	(	-LRB-
32307	280	13	?	?	.
32307	280	14	)	)	-RRB-
32307	281	1	{	{	-LRB-
32307	281	2	-	-	HYPH
32307	281	3	>	>	XX
32307	281	4	[	[	-LRB-
32307	281	5	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	281	6	]	]	-RRB-
32307	281	7	\/	\/	NNP
32307	281	8	Actinium	actinium	NN
32307	281	9	D	d	NN
32307	281	10	(	(	-LRB-
32307	281	11	7.4	7.4	CD
32307	281	12	minutes	minute	NNS
32307	281	13	)	)	-RRB-
32307	281	14	-	-	:
32307	281	15	>	>	XX
32307	281	16	[	[	-LRB-
32307	281	17	beta]&[gamma	beta]&[gamma	NN
32307	281	18	]	]	-RRB-
32307	281	19	\/	\/	NNP
32307	281	20	Actinium	Actinium	NNP
32307	281	21	E	e	NN
32307	281	22	(	(	-LRB-
32307	281	23	unknown	unknown	JJ
32307	281	24	)	)	-RRB-
32307	281	25	Thorium	thorium	NN
32307	281	26	(	(	-LRB-
32307	281	27	4	4	CD
32307	281	28	×	×	CD
32307	281	29	10^{10	10^{10	CD
32307	281	30	}	}	-RRB-
32307	281	31	years	year	NNS
32307	281	32	?	?	.
32307	281	33	)	)	-RRB-
32307	282	1	232.4	232.4	CD
32307	282	2	-	-	HYPH
32307	282	3	>	>	XX
32307	282	4	[	[	-LRB-
32307	282	5	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	282	6	]	]	-RRB-
32307	282	7	(	(	-LRB-
32307	282	8	?	?	.
32307	282	9	)	)	-RRB-
32307	283	1	\/	\/	CD
32307	283	2	Mesothorium_{1	Mesothorium_{1	NNP
32307	283	3	}	}	-RRB-
32307	283	4	(	(	-LRB-
32307	283	5	7.9	7.9	CD
32307	283	6	years	year	NNS
32307	283	7	)	)	-RRB-
32307	283	8	\/	\/	NNP
32307	283	9	Mesothorium_{2	Mesothorium_{2	NNP
32307	283	10	}	}	-RRB-
32307	283	11	(	(	-LRB-
32307	283	12	8.9	8.9	CD
32307	283	13	hours	hour	NNS
32307	283	14	)	)	-RRB-
32307	283	15	-	-	:
32307	283	16	>	>	XX
32307	283	17	[	[	-LRB-
32307	283	18	beta]&[gamma	beta]&[gamma	NN
32307	283	19	]	]	-RRB-
32307	283	20	\/	\/	NNP
32307	283	21	Radiothorium	Radiothorium	NNP
32307	283	22	(	(	-LRB-
32307	283	23	2.91	2.91	CD
32307	283	24	years	year	NNS
32307	283	25	?	?	.
32307	283	26	)	)	-RRB-
32307	284	1	-	-	:
32307	284	2	>	>	XX
32307	284	3	[	[	-LRB-
32307	284	4	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	284	5	]	]	-RRB-
32307	284	6	\/	\/	NNP
32307	284	7	Thorium	thorium	NN
32307	284	8	X	X	NNS
32307	284	9	(	(	-LRB-
32307	284	10	5.35	5.35	CD
32307	284	11	days	day	NNS
32307	284	12	)	)	-RRB-
32307	284	13	-	-	:
32307	284	14	>	>	XX
32307	284	15	[	[	-LRB-
32307	284	16	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	284	17	]	]	-RRB-
32307	284	18	\/	\/	NNP
32307	284	19	Emanation	emanation	NN
32307	284	20	(	(	-LRB-
32307	284	21	76	76	CD
32307	284	22	seconds	second	NNS
32307	284	23	)	)	-RRB-
32307	284	24	-	-	:
32307	284	25	>	>	XX
32307	284	26	[	[	-LRB-
32307	284	27	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	284	28	]	]	-RRB-
32307	284	29	\/	\/	NNP
32307	284	30	Thorium	thorium	NN
32307	284	31	A	a	NN
32307	284	32	(	(	-LRB-
32307	284	33	0.203	0.203	CD
32307	284	34	second	second	JJ
32307	284	35	)	)	-RRB-
32307	284	36	-	-	HYPH
32307	284	37	>	>	XX
32307	284	38	[	[	-LRB-
32307	284	39	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	284	40	]	]	-RRB-
32307	284	41	\/	\/	NNP
32307	284	42	Thorium	Thorium	NNP
32307	284	43	B	b	NN
32307	284	44	(	(	-LRB-
32307	284	45	15.3	15.3	CD
32307	284	46	hours	hour	NNS
32307	284	47	)	)	-RRB-
32307	284	48	-	-	:
32307	284	49	>	>	XX
32307	284	50	(	(	-LRB-
32307	284	51	[	[	-LRB-
32307	284	52	beta	beta	NN
32307	284	53	]	]	-RRB-
32307	284	54	)	)	-RRB-
32307	284	55	\/	\/	ADD
32307	284	56	Thorium	Thorium	NNP
32307	284	57	C_{1	c_{1	NN
32307	284	58	}	}	-RRB-
32307	284	59	(	(	-LRB-
32307	284	60	79	79	CD
32307	284	61	minutes	minute	NNS
32307	284	62	)	)	-RRB-
32307	284	63	{	{	-LRB-
32307	284	64	-	-	HYPH
32307	284	65	>	>	XX
32307	284	66	[	[	-LRB-
32307	284	67	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	284	68	]	]	-RRB-
32307	284	69	{	{	-LRB-
32307	284	70	\/	\/	CD
32307	284	71	Thorium	Thorium	NNP
32307	284	72	C_{2	c_{2	NN
32307	284	73	}	}	-RRB-
32307	284	74	(	(	-LRB-
32307	284	75	?	?	.
32307	284	76	)	)	-RRB-
32307	285	1	{	{	-LRB-
32307	285	2	-	-	HYPH
32307	285	3	>	>	XX
32307	285	4	[	[	-LRB-
32307	285	5	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	285	6	]	]	-RRB-
32307	285	7	\/	\/	NNP
32307	285	8	Thorium	thorium	NN
32307	285	9	D	d	NN
32307	285	10	(	(	-LRB-
32307	285	11	4.5	4.5	CD
32307	285	12	minutes	minute	NNS
32307	285	13	)	)	-RRB-
32307	285	14	-	-	:
32307	285	15	>	>	XX
32307	285	16	[	[	-LRB-
32307	285	17	beta]&[gamma	beta]&[gamma	NN
32307	285	18	]	]	-RRB-
32307	285	19	\/	\/	CD
32307	285	20	Thorium	thorium	NN
32307	285	21	E	e	NN
32307	285	22	(	(	-LRB-
32307	285	23	unknown	unknown	JJ
32307	285	24	)	)	-RRB-
32307	285	25	FIG	FIG	NNP
32307	285	26	.	.	.
32307	286	1	6.--DISINTEGRATION	6.--disintegration	LS
32307	286	2	SERIES	serie	NNS
32307	286	3	FOR	for	IN
32307	286	4	URANIUM	URANIUM	NNP
32307	286	5	,	,	,
32307	286	6	ACTINIUM	ACTINIUM	NNP
32307	286	7	,	,	,
32307	286	8	AND	and	CC
32307	286	9	THORIUM	THORIUM	NNP
32307	286	10	,	,	,
32307	286	11	AS	as	IN
32307	286	12	GIVEN	give	VBN
32307	286	13	BY	by	IN
32307	286	14	SODDY	SODDY	NNP
32307	286	15	.	.	.
32307	286	16	]	]	-RRB-
32307	287	1	CHAPTER	CHAPTER	NNP
32307	287	2	IV	IV	NNP
32307	287	3	NATURE	NATURE	NNP
32307	287	4	OF	of	IN
32307	287	5	THE	the	DT
32307	287	6	ALPHA	ALPHA	NNP
32307	287	7	PARTICLE	PARTICLE	VBD
32307	287	8	Disintegration	disintegration	NN
32307	287	9	of	of	IN
32307	287	10	the	the	DT
32307	287	11	Elements	Elements	NNPS
32307	287	12	The	the	DT
32307	287	13	remarkable	remarkable	JJ
32307	287	14	disintegrations	disintegration	NNS
32307	287	15	related	relate	VBN
32307	287	16	in	in	IN
32307	287	17	the	the	DT
32307	287	18	last	last	JJ
32307	287	19	chapter	chapter	NN
32307	287	20	,	,	,
32307	287	21	in	in	IN
32307	287	22	which	which	WDT
32307	287	23	the	the	DT
32307	287	24	heaviest	heaviest	RBS
32307	287	25	known	know	VBN
32307	287	26	elementary	elementary	JJ
32307	287	27	atom	atom	NN
32307	287	28	--	--	:
32307	287	29	that	that	IN
32307	287	30	of	of	IN
32307	287	31	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	287	32	(	(	-LRB-
32307	287	33	at	at	IN
32307	287	34	.	.	.
32307	288	1	wt	wt	VB
32307	288	2	.	.	.
32307	289	1	238)--is	238)--is	CD
32307	289	2	by	by	IN
32307	289	3	successive	successive	JJ
32307	289	4	stages	stage	NNS
32307	289	5	changed	change	VBN
32307	289	6	into	into	IN
32307	289	7	others	other	NNS
32307	289	8	of	of	IN
32307	289	9	lower	low	JJR
32307	289	10	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	289	11	weight	weight	NN
32307	289	12	,	,	,
32307	289	13	afford	afford	VB
32307	289	14	a	a	DT
32307	289	15	clue	clue	NN
32307	289	16	to	to	IN
32307	289	17	the	the	DT
32307	289	18	nature	nature	NN
32307	289	19	of	of	IN
32307	289	20	the	the	DT
32307	289	21	atom	atom	NN
32307	289	22	and	and	CC
32307	289	23	to	to	IN
32307	289	24	that	that	DT
32307	289	25	goal	goal	NN
32307	289	26	of	of	IN
32307	289	27	the	the	DT
32307	289	28	chemist	chemist	NN
32307	289	29	,	,	,
32307	289	30	the	the	DT
32307	289	31	final	final	JJ
32307	289	32	constitution	constitution	NN
32307	289	33	of	of	IN
32307	289	34	matter	matter	NN
32307	289	35	.	.	.
32307	290	1	The	the	DT
32307	290	2	composite	composite	JJ
32307	290	3	nature	nature	NN
32307	290	4	of	of	IN
32307	290	5	the	the	DT
32307	290	6	atom	atom	NN
32307	290	7	and	and	CC
32307	290	8	some	some	DT
32307	290	9	sort	sort	NN
32307	290	10	of	of	IN
32307	290	11	interrelation	interrelation	NN
32307	290	12	of	of	IN
32307	290	13	the	the	DT
32307	290	14	elements	element	NNS
32307	290	15	had	have	VBD
32307	290	16	previously	previously	RB
32307	290	17	been	be	VBN
32307	290	18	made	make	VBN
32307	290	19	apparent	apparent	JJ
32307	290	20	from	from	IN
32307	290	21	a	a	DT
32307	290	22	study	study	NN
32307	290	23	of	of	IN
32307	290	24	the	the	DT
32307	290	25	Periodic	Periodic	NNP
32307	290	26	System	System	NNP
32307	290	27	and	and	CC
32307	290	28	data	datum	NNS
32307	290	29	gathered	gather	VBN
32307	290	30	still	still	RB
32307	290	31	earlier	early	RBR
32307	290	32	,	,	,
32307	290	33	but	but	CC
32307	290	34	all	all	DT
32307	290	35	attempts	attempt	NNS
32307	290	36	at	at	IN
32307	290	37	working	work	VBG
32307	290	38	out	out	RP
32307	290	39	a	a	DT
32307	290	40	so	so	RB
32307	290	41	-	-	HYPH
32307	290	42	called	call	VBN
32307	290	43	genesis	genesis	NN
32307	290	44	of	of	IN
32307	290	45	the	the	DT
32307	290	46	elements	element	NNS
32307	290	47	had	have	VBD
32307	290	48	proved	prove	VBN
32307	290	49	vague	vague	JJ
32307	290	50	and	and	CC
32307	290	51	unsatisfactory	unsatisfactory	JJ
32307	290	52	.	.	.
32307	291	1	Identification	identification	NN
32307	291	2	of	of	IN
32307	291	3	the	the	DT
32307	291	4	Rays	ray	NNS
32307	291	5	To	to	TO
32307	291	6	get	get	VB
32307	291	7	an	an	DT
32307	291	8	understanding	understanding	NN
32307	291	9	of	of	IN
32307	291	10	the	the	DT
32307	291	11	disintegration	disintegration	NN
32307	291	12	occurring	occur	VBG
32307	291	13	in	in	IN
32307	291	14	radio	radio	NN
32307	291	15	-	-	HYPH
32307	291	16	active	active	JJ
32307	291	17	substances	substance	NNS
32307	291	18	,	,	,
32307	291	19	the	the	DT
32307	291	20	nature	nature	NN
32307	291	21	of	of	IN
32307	291	22	the	the	DT
32307	291	23	rays	ray	NNS
32307	291	24	produced	produce	VBN
32307	291	25	must	must	MD
32307	291	26	be	be	VB
32307	291	27	known	know	VBN
32307	291	28	.	.	.
32307	292	1	These	these	DT
32307	292	2	rays	ray	NNS
32307	292	3	are	be	VBP
32307	292	4	the	the	DT
32307	292	5	cause	cause	NN
32307	292	6	of	of	IN
32307	292	7	the	the	DT
32307	292	8	activity	activity	NN
32307	292	9	and	and	CC
32307	292	10	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	292	11	emission	emission	NN
32307	292	12	accompanies	accompany	VBZ
32307	292	13	the	the	DT
32307	292	14	changes	change	NNS
32307	292	15	or	or	CC
32307	292	16	disintegration	disintegration	NN
32307	292	17	.	.	.
32307	293	1	They	-PRON-	PRP
32307	293	2	have	have	VBP
32307	293	3	for	for	IN
32307	293	4	the	the	DT
32307	293	5	sake	sake	NN
32307	293	6	of	of	IN
32307	293	7	convenience	convenience	NN
32307	293	8	been	be	VBN
32307	293	9	called	call	VBN
32307	293	10	the	the	DT
32307	293	11	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	293	12	,	,	,
32307	293	13	beta	beta	NN
32307	293	14	,	,	,
32307	293	15	and	and	CC
32307	293	16	gamma	gamma	NN
32307	293	17	rays	ray	NNS
32307	293	18	.	.	.
32307	294	1	The	the	DT
32307	294	2	gamma	gamma	NN
32307	294	3	rays	ray	NNS
32307	294	4	have	have	VBP
32307	294	5	been	be	VBN
32307	294	6	identified	identify	VBN
32307	294	7	with	with	IN
32307	294	8	the	the	DT
32307	294	9	_	_	NNP
32307	294	10	X	X	NNP
32307	294	11	_	_	NNP
32307	294	12	rays	ray	NNS
32307	294	13	discovered	discover	VBN
32307	294	14	by	by	IN
32307	294	15	Röntgen	Röntgen	NNP
32307	294	16	and	and	CC
32307	294	17	are	be	VBP
32307	294	18	a	a	DT
32307	294	19	form	form	NN
32307	294	20	of	of	IN
32307	294	21	energy	energy	NN
32307	294	22	analogous	analogous	JJ
32307	294	23	to	to	IN
32307	294	24	light	light	NN
32307	294	25	.	.	.
32307	295	1	The	the	DT
32307	295	2	beta	beta	NN
32307	295	3	rays	ray	NNS
32307	295	4	are	be	VBP
32307	295	5	particles	particle	NNS
32307	295	6	of	of	IN
32307	295	7	negative	negative	JJ
32307	295	8	electricity	electricity	NN
32307	295	9	or	or	CC
32307	295	10	electrons	electron	NNS
32307	295	11	.	.	.
32307	296	1	With	with	IN
32307	296	2	these	these	DT
32307	296	3	,	,	,
32307	296	4	then	then	RB
32307	296	5	,	,	,
32307	296	6	we	-PRON-	PRP
32307	296	7	have	have	VBP
32307	296	8	some	some	DT
32307	296	9	degree	degree	NN
32307	296	10	of	of	IN
32307	296	11	familiarity	familiarity	NN
32307	296	12	.	.	.
32307	297	1	But	but	CC
32307	297	2	what	what	WP
32307	297	3	are	be	VBP
32307	297	4	the	the	DT
32307	297	5	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	297	6	rays	ray	NNS
32307	297	7	?	?	.
32307	298	1	An	an	DT
32307	298	2	answer	answer	NN
32307	298	3	to	to	IN
32307	298	4	this	this	DT
32307	298	5	question	question	NN
32307	298	6	should	should	MD
32307	298	7	make	make	VB
32307	298	8	clearer	clear	JJR
32307	298	9	the	the	DT
32307	298	10	character	character	NN
32307	298	11	of	of	IN
32307	298	12	the	the	DT
32307	298	13	changes	change	NNS
32307	298	14	taking	take	VBG
32307	298	15	place	place	NN
32307	298	16	,	,	,
32307	298	17	and	and	CC
32307	298	18	should	should	MD
32307	298	19	give	give	VB
32307	298	20	some	some	DT
32307	298	21	insight	insight	NN
32307	298	22	into	into	IN
32307	298	23	the	the	DT
32307	298	24	composition	composition	NN
32307	298	25	and	and	CC
32307	298	26	mechanism	mechanism	NN
32307	298	27	of	of	IN
32307	298	28	the	the	DT
32307	298	29	atom	atom	NN
32307	298	30	.	.	.
32307	299	1	The	the	DT
32307	299	2	Alpha	alpha	NN
32307	299	3	Rays	ray	NNS
32307	299	4	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	299	5	has	have	VBZ
32307	299	6	already	already	RB
32307	299	7	been	be	VBN
32307	299	8	stated	state	VBN
32307	299	9	that	that	IN
32307	299	10	these	these	DT
32307	299	11	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	299	12	rays	ray	NNS
32307	299	13	are	be	VBP
32307	299	14	similar	similar	JJ
32307	299	15	or	or	CC
32307	299	16	analogous	analogous	JJ
32307	299	17	to	to	IN
32307	299	18	the	the	DT
32307	299	19	canal	canal	NN
32307	299	20	rays	ray	NNS
32307	299	21	,	,	,
32307	299	22	but	but	CC
32307	299	23	this	this	DT
32307	299	24	advances	advance	VBZ
32307	299	25	the	the	DT
32307	299	26	matter	matter	NN
32307	299	27	very	very	RB
32307	299	28	little	little	JJ
32307	299	29	,	,	,
32307	299	30	as	as	IN
32307	299	31	the	the	DT
32307	299	32	nature	nature	NN
32307	299	33	of	of	IN
32307	299	34	these	these	DT
32307	299	35	canal	canal	NN
32307	299	36	rays	ray	NNS
32307	299	37	has	have	VBZ
32307	299	38	not	not	RB
32307	299	39	been	be	VBN
32307	299	40	fully	fully	RB
32307	299	41	determined	determine	VBN
32307	299	42	.	.	.
32307	300	1	The	the	DT
32307	300	2	full	full	JJ
32307	300	3	identity	identity	NN
32307	300	4	with	with	IN
32307	300	5	them	-PRON-	PRP
32307	300	6	,	,	,
32307	300	7	if	if	IN
32307	300	8	proved	prove	VBN
32307	300	9	,	,	,
32307	300	10	should	should	MD
32307	300	11	have	have	VB
32307	300	12	an	an	DT
32307	300	13	important	important	JJ
32307	300	14	theoretical	theoretical	JJ
32307	300	15	bearing	bearing	NN
32307	300	16	.	.	.
32307	301	1	Alpha	alpha	NN
32307	301	2	Rays	ray	NNS
32307	301	3	Consist	consist	VBP
32307	301	4	of	of	IN
32307	301	5	Solid	Solid	NNP
32307	301	6	Particles	Particles	NNPS
32307	301	7	In	in	IN
32307	301	8	the	the	DT
32307	301	9	first	first	JJ
32307	301	10	place	place	NN
32307	301	11	,	,	,
32307	301	12	these	these	DT
32307	301	13	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	301	14	rays	ray	NNS
32307	301	15	have	have	VBP
32307	301	16	been	be	VBN
32307	301	17	found	find	VBN
32307	301	18	to	to	TO
32307	301	19	be	be	VB
32307	301	20	made	make	VBN
32307	301	21	up	up	RP
32307	301	22	of	of	IN
32307	301	23	solid	solid	JJ
32307	301	24	particles	particle	NNS
32307	301	25	,	,	,
32307	301	26	that	that	RB
32307	301	27	is	is	RB
32307	301	28	,	,	,
32307	301	29	of	of	IN
32307	301	30	what	what	WP
32307	301	31	we	-PRON-	PRP
32307	301	32	are	be	VBP
32307	301	33	accustomed	accustomed	JJ
32307	301	34	to	to	TO
32307	301	35	call	call	VB
32307	301	36	matter	matter	NN
32307	301	37	.	.	.
32307	302	1	Since	since	IN
32307	302	2	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	302	3	has	have	VBZ
32307	302	4	become	become	VBN
32307	302	5	more	more	RBR
32307	302	6	and	and	CC
32307	302	7	more	more	RBR
32307	302	8	difficult	difficult	JJ
32307	302	9	to	to	TO
32307	302	10	draw	draw	VB
32307	302	11	a	a	DT
32307	302	12	clear	clear	JJ
32307	302	13	distinction	distinction	NN
32307	302	14	between	between	IN
32307	302	15	matter	matter	NN
32307	302	16	and	and	CC
32307	302	17	energy	energy	NN
32307	302	18	,	,	,
32307	302	19	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	302	20	would	would	MD
32307	302	21	perhaps	perhaps	RB
32307	302	22	be	be	VB
32307	302	23	better	well	JJR
32307	302	24	to	to	TO
32307	302	25	say	say	VB
32307	302	26	that	that	IN
32307	302	27	these	these	DT
32307	302	28	particles	particle	NNS
32307	302	29	appear	appear	VBP
32307	302	30	to	to	TO
32307	302	31	have	have	VB
32307	302	32	some	some	DT
32307	302	33	of	of	IN
32307	302	34	the	the	DT
32307	302	35	properties	property	NNS
32307	302	36	hitherto	hitherto	NNP
32307	302	37	attributed	attribute	VBD
32307	302	38	solely	solely	RB
32307	302	39	to	to	IN
32307	302	40	matter	matter	NN
32307	302	41	.	.	.
32307	303	1	The	the	DT
32307	303	2	best	good	JJS
32307	303	3	evidence	evidence	NN
32307	303	4	that	that	IN
32307	303	5	these	these	DT
32307	303	6	particles	particle	NNS
32307	303	7	are	be	VBP
32307	303	8	of	of	IN
32307	303	9	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	303	10	mass	mass	NN
32307	303	11	is	be	VBZ
32307	303	12	furnished	furnish	VBN
32307	303	13	by	by	IN
32307	303	14	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	303	15	deflection	deflection	NN
32307	303	16	in	in	IN
32307	303	17	electric	electric	JJ
32307	303	18	and	and	CC
32307	303	19	magnetic	magnetic	JJ
32307	303	20	fields	field	NNS
32307	303	21	.	.	.
32307	304	1	Electrical	electrical	JJ
32307	304	2	Charge	charge	NN
32307	304	3	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	304	4	is	be	VBZ
32307	304	5	not	not	RB
32307	304	6	of	of	IN
32307	304	7	first	first	JJ
32307	304	8	importance	importance	NN
32307	304	9	to	to	TO
32307	304	10	discuss	discuss	VB
32307	304	11	this	this	DT
32307	304	12	or	or	CC
32307	304	13	other	other	JJ
32307	304	14	proofs	proof	NNS
32307	304	15	of	of	IN
32307	304	16	the	the	DT
32307	304	17	material	material	JJ
32307	304	18	nature	nature	NN
32307	304	19	of	of	IN
32307	304	20	these	these	DT
32307	304	21	particles	particle	NNS
32307	304	22	.	.	.
32307	305	1	That	that	IN
32307	305	2	they	-PRON-	PRP
32307	305	3	carry	carry	VBP
32307	305	4	a	a	DT
32307	305	5	charge	charge	NN
32307	305	6	of	of	IN
32307	305	7	positive	positive	JJ
32307	305	8	electricity	electricity	NN
32307	305	9	is	be	VBZ
32307	305	10	,	,	,
32307	305	11	however	however	RB
32307	305	12	,	,	,
32307	305	13	a	a	DT
32307	305	14	fact	fact	NN
32307	305	15	of	of	IN
32307	305	16	very	very	RB
32307	305	17	great	great	JJ
32307	305	18	import	import	NN
32307	305	19	.	.	.
32307	306	1	The	the	DT
32307	306	2	value	value	NN
32307	306	3	of	of	IN
32307	306	4	this	this	DT
32307	306	5	charge	charge	NN
32307	306	6	has	have	VBZ
32307	306	7	been	be	VBN
32307	306	8	carefully	carefully	RB
32307	306	9	determined	determine	VBN
32307	306	10	by	by	IN
32307	306	11	a	a	DT
32307	306	12	number	number	NN
32307	306	13	of	of	IN
32307	306	14	investigators	investigator	NNS
32307	306	15	working	work	VBG
32307	306	16	with	with	IN
32307	306	17	different	different	JJ
32307	306	18	sources	source	NNS
32307	306	19	of	of	IN
32307	306	20	the	the	DT
32307	306	21	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	306	22	particles	particle	NNS
32307	306	23	and	and	CC
32307	306	24	has	have	VBZ
32307	306	25	been	be	VBN
32307	306	26	found	find	VBN
32307	306	27	to	to	TO
32307	306	28	be	be	VB
32307	306	29	9.3	9.3	CD
32307	306	30	×	×	CD
32307	306	31	10^{-10	10^{-10	CD
32307	306	32	}	}	-RRB-
32307	306	33	electrostatic	electrostatic	JJ
32307	306	34	units	unit	NNS
32307	306	35	(	(	-LRB-
32307	306	36	.000,000,000,93	.000,000,000,93	.
32307	306	37	e.s	e.s	NNP
32307	306	38	.	.	.
32307	306	39	)	)	-RRB-
32307	306	40	.	.	.
32307	307	1	From	from	IN
32307	307	2	the	the	DT
32307	307	3	consideration	consideration	NN
32307	307	4	of	of	IN
32307	307	5	the	the	DT
32307	307	6	charge	charge	NN
32307	307	7	upon	upon	IN
32307	307	8	an	an	DT
32307	307	9	electron	electron	NN
32307	307	10	previously	previously	RB
32307	307	11	obtained	obtain	VBN
32307	307	12	by	by	IN
32307	307	13	J.	J.	NNP
32307	307	14	J.	J.	NNP
32307	307	15	Thomson	Thomson	NNP
32307	307	16	and	and	CC
32307	307	17	others	other	NNS
32307	307	18	,	,	,
32307	307	19	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	307	20	was	be	VBD
32307	307	21	concluded	conclude	VBN
32307	307	22	that	that	IN
32307	307	23	the	the	DT
32307	307	24	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	307	25	particle	particle	NN
32307	307	26	carried	carry	VBD
32307	307	27	two	two	CD
32307	307	28	unit	unit	NN
32307	307	29	positive	positive	JJ
32307	307	30	charges	charge	NNS
32307	307	31	;	;	:
32307	307	32	the	the	DT
32307	307	33	fundamental	fundamental	JJ
32307	307	34	unit	unit	NN
32307	307	35	charge	charge	NN
32307	307	36	,	,	,
32307	307	37	therefore	therefore	RB
32307	307	38	,	,	,
32307	307	39	is	be	VBZ
32307	307	40	half	half	PDT
32307	307	41	this	this	DT
32307	307	42	value	value	NN
32307	307	43	,	,	,
32307	307	44	or	or	CC
32307	307	45	4.65	4.65	CD
32307	307	46	×	×	CD
32307	307	47	10^{-10	10^{-10	CD
32307	307	48	}	}	-RRB-
32307	307	49	e.s	e.s	NNP
32307	307	50	.	.	.
32307	308	1	Helium	helium	NN
32307	308	2	Formed	form	VBN
32307	308	3	from	from	IN
32307	308	4	Alpha	alpha	NN
32307	308	5	Particles	Particles	NNPS
32307	308	6	To	to	TO
32307	308	7	determine	determine	VB
32307	308	8	the	the	DT
32307	308	9	nature	nature	NN
32307	308	10	of	of	IN
32307	308	11	the	the	DT
32307	308	12	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	308	13	particle	particle	NN
32307	308	14	a	a	DT
32307	308	15	crucial	crucial	JJ
32307	308	16	experiment	experiment	NN
32307	308	17	was	be	VBD
32307	308	18	carried	carry	VBN
32307	308	19	out	out	RP
32307	308	20	by	by	IN
32307	308	21	Rutherford	Rutherford	NNP
32307	308	22	and	and	CC
32307	308	23	Royds	Royds	NNP
32307	308	24	,	,	,
32307	308	25	which	which	WDT
32307	308	26	was	be	VBD
32307	308	27	described	describe	VBN
32307	308	28	as	as	IN
32307	308	29	follows	follow	VBZ
32307	308	30	:	:	:
32307	308	31	[	[	-LRB-
32307	308	32	Illustration	illustration	NN
32307	308	33	:	:	:
32307	308	34	FIG	FIG	NNP
32307	308	35	.	.	.
32307	309	1	7.--APPARATUS	7.--apparatus	CD
32307	309	2	USED	USED	NNS
32307	309	3	IN	in	IN
32307	309	4	EXPERIMENT	experiment	NN
32307	309	5	BY	by	IN
32307	309	6	RUTHERFORD	RUTHERFORD	NNP
32307	309	7	AND	and	CC
32307	309	8	ROYDS	ROYDS	NNP
32307	309	9	.	.	.
32307	309	10	]	]	-RRB-
32307	310	1	A	a	DT
32307	310	2	large	large	JJ
32307	310	3	quantity	quantity	NN
32307	310	4	of	of	IN
32307	310	5	radium	radium	NN
32307	310	6	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	310	7	was	be	VBD
32307	310	8	compressed	compress	VBN
32307	310	9	into	into	IN
32307	310	10	a	a	DT
32307	310	11	fine	fine	JJ
32307	310	12	glass	glass	NN
32307	310	13	tube	tube	NN
32307	310	14	_	_	NNP
32307	310	15	A	A	NNP
32307	310	16	_	_	NNP
32307	310	17	,	,	,
32307	310	18	about	about	RB
32307	310	19	1.5	1.5	CD
32307	310	20	cm	cm	NNS
32307	310	21	.	.	.
32307	311	1	long	long	RB
32307	311	2	.	.	.
32307	312	1	This	this	DT
32307	312	2	tube	tube	NN
32307	312	3	,	,	,
32307	312	4	which	which	WDT
32307	312	5	was	be	VBD
32307	312	6	sealed	seal	VBN
32307	312	7	to	to	IN
32307	312	8	a	a	DT
32307	312	9	larger	large	JJR
32307	312	10	capillary	capillary	JJ
32307	312	11	tube	tube	NN
32307	312	12	_	_	NNP
32307	312	13	B	B	NNP
32307	312	14	_	_	NNP
32307	312	15	,	,	,
32307	312	16	was	be	VBD
32307	312	17	sufficiently	sufficiently	RB
32307	312	18	thin	thin	JJ
32307	312	19	to	to	TO
32307	312	20	allow	allow	VB
32307	312	21	the	the	DT
32307	312	22	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	312	23	particles	particle	NNS
32307	312	24	from	from	IN
32307	312	25	the	the	DT
32307	312	26	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	312	27	and	and	CC
32307	312	28	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	312	29	products	product	NNS
32307	312	30	to	to	TO
32307	312	31	pass	pass	VB
32307	312	32	through	through	RB
32307	312	33	,	,	,
32307	312	34	but	but	CC
32307	312	35	sufficiently	sufficiently	RB
32307	312	36	thick	thick	JJ
32307	312	37	to	to	TO
32307	312	38	withstand	withstand	VB
32307	312	39	atmospheric	atmospheric	JJ
32307	312	40	pressure	pressure	NN
32307	312	41	.	.	.
32307	313	1	The	the	DT
32307	313	2	thickness	thickness	NN
32307	313	3	of	of	IN
32307	313	4	the	the	DT
32307	313	5	glass	glass	NN
32307	313	6	wall	wall	NN
32307	313	7	was	be	VBD
32307	313	8	in	in	IN
32307	313	9	most	most	JJS
32307	313	10	cases	case	NNS
32307	313	11	less	less	JJR
32307	313	12	than	than	IN
32307	313	13	.01	.01	NNP
32307	313	14	mm	mm	CD
32307	313	15	.	.	.
32307	314	1	On	on	IN
32307	314	2	introducing	introduce	VBG
32307	314	3	the	the	DT
32307	314	4	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	314	5	into	into	IN
32307	314	6	the	the	DT
32307	314	7	tube	tube	NN
32307	314	8	,	,	,
32307	314	9	the	the	DT
32307	314	10	escape	escape	NN
32307	314	11	of	of	IN
32307	314	12	the	the	DT
32307	314	13	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	314	14	particles	particle	NNS
32307	314	15	from	from	IN
32307	314	16	the	the	DT
32307	314	17	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	314	18	was	be	VBD
32307	314	19	clearly	clearly	RB
32307	314	20	seen	see	VBN
32307	314	21	by	by	IN
32307	314	22	the	the	DT
32307	314	23	scintillations	scintillation	NNS
32307	314	24	produced	produce	VBN
32307	314	25	at	at	IN
32307	314	26	some	some	DT
32307	314	27	distance	distance	NN
32307	314	28	on	on	IN
32307	314	29	a	a	DT
32307	314	30	zinc	zinc	NN
32307	314	31	sulphide	sulphide	NN
32307	314	32	screen	screen	NN
32307	314	33	.	.	.
32307	315	1	After	after	IN
32307	315	2	this	this	DT
32307	315	3	test	test	NN
32307	315	4	the	the	DT
32307	315	5	glass	glass	NN
32307	315	6	tube	tube	NN
32307	315	7	_	_	NNP
32307	315	8	A	A	NNP
32307	315	9	_	_	NNP
32307	315	10	was	be	VBD
32307	315	11	surrounded	surround	VBN
32307	315	12	by	by	IN
32307	315	13	a	a	DT
32307	315	14	glass	glass	NN
32307	315	15	tube	tube	NN
32307	315	16	_	_	NNP
32307	315	17	T	T	NNP
32307	315	18	_	_	NNP
32307	315	19	and	and	CC
32307	315	20	a	a	DT
32307	315	21	small	small	JJ
32307	315	22	spectrum	spectrum	NN
32307	315	23	tube	tube	NN
32307	315	24	_	_	NNP
32307	315	25	V	V	NNP
32307	315	26	_	_	NNP
32307	315	27	attached	attach	VBD
32307	315	28	to	to	IN
32307	315	29	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	315	30	.	.	.
32307	316	1	The	the	DT
32307	316	2	tube	tube	NN
32307	316	3	_	_	NNP
32307	316	4	T	T	NNP
32307	316	5	_	_	NNP
32307	316	6	was	be	VBD
32307	316	7	exhausted	exhaust	VBN
32307	316	8	to	to	IN
32307	316	9	a	a	DT
32307	316	10	charcoal	charcoal	NN
32307	316	11	vacuum	vacuum	NN
32307	316	12	.	.	.
32307	317	1	By	by	IN
32307	317	2	means	mean	NNS
32307	317	3	of	of	IN
32307	317	4	the	the	DT
32307	317	5	mercury	mercury	NN
32307	317	6	column	column	NN
32307	317	7	_	_	NNP
32307	317	8	H	H	NNP
32307	317	9	_	_	NNP
32307	317	10	,	,	,
32307	317	11	the	the	DT
32307	317	12	gases	gas	NNS
32307	317	13	in	in	IN
32307	317	14	the	the	DT
32307	317	15	tube	tube	NN
32307	317	16	_	_	NNP
32307	317	17	T	T	NNP
32307	317	18	_	_	NNP
32307	317	19	could	could	MD
32307	317	20	at	at	IN
32307	317	21	any	any	DT
32307	317	22	time	time	NN
32307	317	23	be	be	VB
32307	317	24	compressed	compress	VBN
32307	317	25	into	into	IN
32307	317	26	the	the	DT
32307	317	27	spectrum	spectrum	NN
32307	317	28	tube	tube	NN
32307	317	29	_	_	NNP
32307	317	30	V	V	NNP
32307	317	31	_	_	NNP
32307	317	32	and	and	CC
32307	317	33	the	the	DT
32307	317	34	nature	nature	NN
32307	317	35	of	of	IN
32307	317	36	the	the	DT
32307	317	37	gases	gas	NNS
32307	317	38	which	which	WDT
32307	317	39	had	have	VBD
32307	317	40	been	be	VBN
32307	317	41	produced	produce	VBN
32307	317	42	determined	determine	VBN
32307	317	43	spectroscopically	spectroscopically	RB
32307	317	44	.	.	.
32307	318	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	318	2	was	be	VBD
32307	318	3	found	find	VBN
32307	318	4	that	that	IN
32307	318	5	two	two	CD
32307	318	6	days	day	NNS
32307	318	7	after	after	IN
32307	318	8	the	the	DT
32307	318	9	introduction	introduction	NN
32307	318	10	of	of	IN
32307	318	11	the	the	DT
32307	318	12	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	318	13	into	into	IN
32307	318	14	_	_	NNP
32307	318	15	A	A	NNP
32307	318	16	_	_	NNP
32307	318	17	the	the	DT
32307	318	18	spectrum	spectrum	NN
32307	318	19	showed	show	VBD
32307	318	20	the	the	DT
32307	318	21	yellow	yellow	JJ
32307	318	22	line	line	NN
32307	318	23	of	of	IN
32307	318	24	helium	helium	NN
32307	318	25	,	,	,
32307	318	26	and	and	CC
32307	318	27	after	after	IN
32307	318	28	six	six	CD
32307	318	29	days	day	NNS
32307	318	30	the	the	DT
32307	318	31	whole	whole	JJ
32307	318	32	helium	helium	NN
32307	318	33	spectrum	spectrum	NN
32307	318	34	was	be	VBD
32307	318	35	observed	observe	VBN
32307	318	36	.	.	.
32307	319	1	In	in	IN
32307	319	2	order	order	NN
32307	319	3	to	to	TO
32307	319	4	be	be	VB
32307	319	5	certain	certain	JJ
32307	319	6	that	that	IN
32307	319	7	the	the	DT
32307	319	8	helium	helium	NN
32307	319	9	,	,	,
32307	319	10	coming	come	VBG
32307	319	11	possibly	possibly	RB
32307	319	12	from	from	IN
32307	319	13	some	some	DT
32307	319	14	other	other	JJ
32307	319	15	source	source	NN
32307	319	16	,	,	,
32307	319	17	had	have	VBD
32307	319	18	not	not	RB
32307	319	19	diffused	diffuse	VBN
32307	319	20	through	through	IN
32307	319	21	the	the	DT
32307	319	22	thin	thin	JJ
32307	319	23	walls	wall	NNS
32307	319	24	of	of	IN
32307	319	25	the	the	DT
32307	319	26	tube	tube	NN
32307	319	27	_	_	NNP
32307	319	28	A	A	NNP
32307	319	29	_	_	NNP
32307	319	30	,	,	,
32307	319	31	the	the	DT
32307	319	32	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	319	33	was	be	VBD
32307	319	34	pumped	pump	VBN
32307	319	35	out	out	RP
32307	319	36	and	and	CC
32307	319	37	helium	helium	NN
32307	319	38	substituted	substitute	VBN
32307	319	39	.	.	.
32307	320	1	No	no	DT
32307	320	2	trace	trace	NN
32307	320	3	of	of	IN
32307	320	4	helium	helium	NN
32307	320	5	could	could	MD
32307	320	6	be	be	VB
32307	320	7	observed	observe	VBN
32307	320	8	in	in	IN
32307	320	9	the	the	DT
32307	320	10	vacuum	vacuum	NN
32307	320	11	tube	tube	NN
32307	320	12	after	after	IN
32307	320	13	several	several	JJ
32307	320	14	days	day	NNS
32307	320	15	,	,	,
32307	320	16	showing	show	VBG
32307	320	17	that	that	IN
32307	320	18	the	the	DT
32307	320	19	helium	helium	NN
32307	320	20	observed	observe	VBN
32307	320	21	in	in	IN
32307	320	22	the	the	DT
32307	320	23	first	first	JJ
32307	320	24	experiment	experiment	NN
32307	320	25	must	must	MD
32307	320	26	have	have	VB
32307	320	27	originated	originate	VBN
32307	320	28	from	from	IN
32307	320	29	the	the	DT
32307	320	30	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	320	31	particles	particle	NNS
32307	320	32	which	which	WDT
32307	320	33	had	have	VBD
32307	320	34	been	be	VBN
32307	320	35	propelled	propel	VBN
32307	320	36	through	through	IN
32307	320	37	the	the	DT
32307	320	38	thin	thin	JJ
32307	320	39	glass	glass	NN
32307	320	40	tube	tube	NN
32307	320	41	into	into	IN
32307	320	42	the	the	DT
32307	320	43	outer	outer	JJ
32307	320	44	tube	tube	NN
32307	320	45	.	.	.
32307	321	1	Most	Most	JJS
32307	321	2	of	of	IN
32307	321	3	the	the	DT
32307	321	4	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	321	5	particles	particle	NNS
32307	321	6	are	be	VBP
32307	321	7	propelled	propel	VBN
32307	321	8	with	with	IN
32307	321	9	such	such	JJ
32307	321	10	force	force	NN
32307	321	11	that	that	IN
32307	321	12	they	-PRON-	PRP
32307	321	13	penetrate	penetrate	VBP
32307	321	14	some	some	DT
32307	321	15	distance	distance	NN
32307	321	16	into	into	IN
32307	321	17	the	the	DT
32307	321	18	walls	wall	NNS
32307	321	19	of	of	IN
32307	321	20	the	the	DT
32307	321	21	outer	outer	JJ
32307	321	22	tube	tube	NN
32307	321	23	and	and	CC
32307	321	24	some	some	DT
32307	321	25	of	of	IN
32307	321	26	these	these	DT
32307	321	27	gradually	gradually	RB
32307	321	28	diffuse	diffuse	VBP
32307	321	29	out	out	RP
32307	321	30	into	into	IN
32307	321	31	the	the	DT
32307	321	32	exhausted	exhausted	JJ
32307	321	33	space	space	NN
32307	321	34	.	.	.
32307	322	1	The	the	DT
32307	322	2	presence	presence	NN
32307	322	3	of	of	IN
32307	322	4	helium	helium	NN
32307	322	5	in	in	IN
32307	322	6	the	the	DT
32307	322	7	spectrum	spectrum	NN
32307	322	8	tube	tube	NN
32307	322	9	can	can	MD
32307	322	10	be	be	VB
32307	322	11	detected	detect	VBN
32307	322	12	after	after	IN
32307	322	13	a	a	DT
32307	322	14	shorter	short	JJR
32307	322	15	interval	interval	NN
32307	322	16	if	if	IN
32307	322	17	a	a	DT
32307	322	18	thin	thin	JJ
32307	322	19	cylinder	cylinder	NN
32307	322	20	of	of	IN
32307	322	21	lead	lead	NN
32307	322	22	is	be	VBZ
32307	322	23	placed	place	VBN
32307	322	24	over	over	IN
32307	322	25	the	the	DT
32307	322	26	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	322	27	tube	tube	NN
32307	322	28	,	,	,
32307	322	29	since	since	IN
32307	322	30	the	the	DT
32307	322	31	particles	particle	NNS
32307	322	32	fired	fire	VBD
32307	322	33	into	into	IN
32307	322	34	the	the	DT
32307	322	35	lead	lead	NN
32307	322	36	diffuse	diffuse	NN
32307	322	37	out	out	RP
32307	322	38	more	more	RBR
32307	322	39	rapidly	rapidly	RB
32307	322	40	than	than	IN
32307	322	41	from	from	IN
32307	322	42	glass	glass	NN
32307	322	43	.	.	.
32307	323	1	A	a	DT
32307	323	2	still	still	RB
32307	323	3	more	more	RBR
32307	323	4	definite	definite	JJ
32307	323	5	proof	proof	NN
32307	323	6	of	of	IN
32307	323	7	the	the	DT
32307	323	8	identity	identity	NN
32307	323	9	of	of	IN
32307	323	10	the	the	DT
32307	323	11	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	323	12	particle	particle	NN
32307	323	13	with	with	IN
32307	323	14	the	the	DT
32307	323	15	helium	helium	NN
32307	323	16	atom	atom	NN
32307	323	17	was	be	VBD
32307	323	18	obtained	obtain	VBN
32307	323	19	by	by	IN
32307	323	20	removing	remove	VBG
32307	323	21	the	the	DT
32307	323	22	outer	outer	JJ
32307	323	23	glass	glass	NN
32307	323	24	tube	tube	NN
32307	323	25	_	_	NNP
32307	323	26	T	T	NNP
32307	323	27	_	_	NNP
32307	323	28	and	and	CC
32307	323	29	placing	place	VBG
32307	323	30	a	a	DT
32307	323	31	cylinder	cylinder	NN
32307	323	32	of	of	IN
32307	323	33	lead	lead	NN
32307	323	34	over	over	IN
32307	323	35	the	the	DT
32307	323	36	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	323	37	tube	tube	NN
32307	323	38	in	in	IN
32307	323	39	the	the	DT
32307	323	40	open	open	JJ
32307	323	41	air	air	NN
32307	323	42	.	.	.
32307	324	1	Helium	helium	NN
32307	324	2	was	be	VBD
32307	324	3	always	always	RB
32307	324	4	detected	detect	VBN
32307	324	5	in	in	IN
32307	324	6	the	the	DT
32307	324	7	lead	lead	NN
32307	324	8	after	after	IN
32307	324	9	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	324	10	had	have	VBD
32307	324	11	remained	remain	VBN
32307	324	12	several	several	JJ
32307	324	13	hours	hour	NNS
32307	324	14	over	over	IN
32307	324	15	the	the	DT
32307	324	16	thin	thin	JJ
32307	324	17	tube	tube	NN
32307	324	18	containing	contain	VBG
32307	324	19	a	a	DT
32307	324	20	large	large	JJ
32307	324	21	quantity	quantity	NN
32307	324	22	of	of	IN
32307	324	23	the	the	DT
32307	324	24	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	324	25	.	.	.
32307	325	1	In	in	IN
32307	325	2	order	order	NN
32307	325	3	to	to	TO
32307	325	4	test	test	VB
32307	325	5	for	for	IN
32307	325	6	the	the	DT
32307	325	7	presence	presence	NN
32307	325	8	of	of	IN
32307	325	9	helium	helium	NN
32307	325	10	in	in	IN
32307	325	11	the	the	DT
32307	325	12	lead	lead	NN
32307	325	13	,	,	,
32307	325	14	the	the	DT
32307	325	15	gases	gas	NNS
32307	325	16	present	present	JJ
32307	325	17	were	be	VBD
32307	325	18	released	release	VBN
32307	325	19	by	by	IN
32307	325	20	melting	melt	VBG
32307	325	21	the	the	DT
32307	325	22	lead	lead	NN
32307	325	23	in	in	IN
32307	325	24	a	a	DT
32307	325	25	closed	close	VBN
32307	325	26	vessel	vessel	NN
32307	325	27	.	.	.
32307	326	1	There	there	EX
32307	326	2	can	can	MD
32307	326	3	thus	thus	RB
32307	326	4	be	be	VB
32307	326	5	no	no	DT
32307	326	6	doubt	doubt	NN
32307	326	7	that	that	IN
32307	326	8	the	the	DT
32307	326	9	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	326	10	particle	particle	NN
32307	326	11	becomes	become	VBZ
32307	326	12	a	a	DT
32307	326	13	helium	helium	NN
32307	326	14	atom	atom	NN
32307	326	15	when	when	WRB
32307	326	16	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	326	17	positive	positive	JJ
32307	326	18	charge	charge	NN
32307	326	19	is	be	VBZ
32307	326	20	neutralized	neutralize	VBN
32307	326	21	.	.	.
32307	327	1	Thus	thus	RB
32307	327	2	the	the	DT
32307	327	3	chemist	chemist	NN
32307	327	4	was	be	VBD
32307	327	5	afforded	afford	VBN
32307	327	6	the	the	DT
32307	327	7	experience	experience	NN
32307	327	8	of	of	IN
32307	327	9	the	the	DT
32307	327	10	building	building	NN
32307	327	11	up	up	RP
32307	327	12	of	of	IN
32307	327	13	at	at	RB
32307	327	14	least	least	RBS
32307	327	15	one	one	CD
32307	327	16	element	element	NN
32307	327	17	under	under	IN
32307	327	18	his	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	327	19	observation	observation	NN
32307	327	20	,	,	,
32307	327	21	and	and	CC
32307	327	22	both	both	CC
32307	327	23	the	the	DT
32307	327	24	analysis	analysis	NN
32307	327	25	and	and	CC
32307	327	26	synthesis	synthesis	NN
32307	327	27	of	of	IN
32307	327	28	matter	matter	NN
32307	327	29	have	have	VBP
32307	327	30	been	be	VBN
32307	327	31	revealed	reveal	VBN
32307	327	32	through	through	IN
32307	327	33	the	the	DT
32307	327	34	discoveries	discovery	NNS
32307	327	35	of	of	IN
32307	327	36	radio	radio	NN
32307	327	37	-	-	HYPH
32307	327	38	activity	activity	NN
32307	327	39	.	.	.
32307	328	1	Discovery	Discovery	NNP
32307	328	2	of	of	IN
32307	328	3	Helium	Helium	NNP
32307	328	4	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	328	5	is	be	VBZ
32307	328	6	of	of	IN
32307	328	7	interest	interest	NN
32307	328	8	at	at	IN
32307	328	9	this	this	DT
32307	328	10	point	point	NN
32307	328	11	to	to	TO
32307	328	12	learn	learn	VB
32307	328	13	something	something	NN
32307	328	14	of	of	IN
32307	328	15	the	the	DT
32307	328	16	history	history	NN
32307	328	17	of	of	IN
32307	328	18	helium	helium	NN
32307	328	19	and	and	CC
32307	328	20	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	328	21	occurrence	occurrence	NN
32307	328	22	.	.	.
32307	329	1	In	in	IN
32307	329	2	1868	1868	CD
32307	329	3	there	there	EX
32307	329	4	was	be	VBD
32307	329	5	discovered	discover	VBN
32307	329	6	by	by	IN
32307	329	7	Janssen	Janssen	NNP
32307	329	8	and	and	CC
32307	329	9	Lockyer	Lockyer	NNP
32307	329	10	a	a	DT
32307	329	11	bright	bright	JJ
32307	329	12	yellow	yellow	JJ
32307	329	13	line	line	NN
32307	329	14	in	in	IN
32307	329	15	the	the	DT
32307	329	16	spectrum	spectrum	NN
32307	329	17	of	of	IN
32307	329	18	the	the	DT
32307	329	19	sun	sun	NN
32307	329	20	's	's	POS
32307	329	21	chromosphere	chromosphere	NN
32307	329	22	.	.	.
32307	330	1	Because	because	IN
32307	330	2	of	of	IN
32307	330	3	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	330	4	origin	origin	NN
32307	330	5	the	the	DT
32307	330	6	name	name	NN
32307	330	7	helium	helium	NN
32307	330	8	was	be	VBD
32307	330	9	given	give	VBN
32307	330	10	to	to	IN
32307	330	11	the	the	DT
32307	330	12	supposed	suppose	VBN
32307	330	13	new	new	JJ
32307	330	14	element	element	NN
32307	330	15	causing	cause	VBG
32307	330	16	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	330	17	.	.	.
32307	331	1	Later	later	RB
32307	331	2	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	331	3	was	be	VBD
32307	331	4	found	find	VBN
32307	331	5	in	in	IN
32307	331	6	the	the	DT
32307	331	7	spectra	spectra	NN
32307	331	8	of	of	IN
32307	331	9	many	many	JJ
32307	331	10	of	of	IN
32307	331	11	the	the	DT
32307	331	12	stars	star	NNS
32307	331	13	,	,	,
32307	331	14	and	and	CC
32307	331	15	because	because	IN
32307	331	16	of	of	IN
32307	331	17	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	331	18	predominance	predominance	NN
32307	331	19	in	in	IN
32307	331	20	some	some	DT
32307	331	21	of	of	IN
32307	331	22	these	these	DT
32307	331	23	they	-PRON-	PRP
32307	331	24	were	be	VBD
32307	331	25	called	call	VBN
32307	331	26	helium	helium	NN
32307	331	27	stars	star	NNS
32307	331	28	.	.	.
32307	332	1	Its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	332	2	existence	existence	NN
32307	332	3	on	on	IN
32307	332	4	our	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	332	5	planet	planet	NN
32307	332	6	was	be	VBD
32307	332	7	not	not	RB
32307	332	8	detected	detect	VBN
32307	332	9	for	for	IN
32307	332	10	nearly	nearly	RB
32307	332	11	thirty	thirty	CD
32307	332	12	years	year	NNS
32307	332	13	.	.	.
32307	333	1	In	in	IN
32307	333	2	1895	1895	CD
32307	333	3	,	,	,
32307	333	4	in	in	IN
32307	333	5	connection	connection	NN
32307	333	6	with	with	IN
32307	333	7	the	the	DT
32307	333	8	discovery	discovery	NN
32307	333	9	of	of	IN
32307	333	10	argon	argon	NNP
32307	333	11	in	in	IN
32307	333	12	the	the	DT
32307	333	13	atmosphere	atmosphere	NN
32307	333	14	,	,	,
32307	333	15	a	a	DT
32307	333	16	search	search	NN
32307	333	17	was	be	VBD
32307	333	18	made	make	VBN
32307	333	19	to	to	TO
32307	333	20	see	see	VB
32307	333	21	if	if	IN
32307	333	22	the	the	DT
32307	333	23	latter	latter	JJ
32307	333	24	element	element	NN
32307	333	25	could	could	MD
32307	333	26	be	be	VB
32307	333	27	obtained	obtain	VBN
32307	333	28	from	from	IN
32307	333	29	mineral	mineral	NN
32307	333	30	sources	source	NNS
32307	333	31	.	.	.
32307	334	1	In	in	IN
32307	334	2	analyzing	analyze	VBG
32307	334	3	certain	certain	JJ
32307	334	4	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	334	5	minerals	mineral	NNS
32307	334	6	Hillebrand	Hillebrand	NNP
32307	334	7	had	have	VBD
32307	334	8	found	find	VBN
32307	334	9	considerable	considerable	JJ
32307	334	10	quantities	quantity	NNS
32307	334	11	of	of	IN
32307	334	12	a	a	DT
32307	334	13	gas	gas	NN
32307	334	14	which	which	WDT
32307	334	15	he	-PRON-	PRP
32307	334	16	took	take	VBD
32307	334	17	to	to	TO
32307	334	18	be	be	VB
32307	334	19	a	a	DT
32307	334	20	peculiar	peculiar	JJ
32307	334	21	form	form	NN
32307	334	22	of	of	IN
32307	334	23	nitrogen	nitrogen	NN
32307	334	24	.	.	.
32307	335	1	Ramsay	Ramsay	NNP
32307	335	2	made	make	VBD
32307	335	3	a	a	DT
32307	335	4	further	further	JJ
32307	335	5	examination	examination	NN
32307	335	6	of	of	IN
32307	335	7	the	the	DT
32307	335	8	gas	gas	NN
32307	335	9	coming	come	VBG
32307	335	10	from	from	IN
32307	335	11	these	these	DT
32307	335	12	minerals	mineral	NNS
32307	335	13	and	and	CC
32307	335	14	the	the	DT
32307	335	15	spectroscope	spectroscope	NN
32307	335	16	revealed	reveal	VBD
32307	335	17	the	the	DT
32307	335	18	yellow	yellow	JJ
32307	335	19	line	line	NN
32307	335	20	of	of	IN
32307	335	21	helium	helium	NN
32307	335	22	,	,	,
32307	335	23	thus	thus	RB
32307	335	24	at	at	IN
32307	335	25	last	last	JJ
32307	335	26	proving	prove	VBG
32307	335	27	the	the	DT
32307	335	28	presence	presence	NN
32307	335	29	of	of	IN
32307	335	30	this	this	DT
32307	335	31	element	element	NN
32307	335	32	on	on	IN
32307	335	33	the	the	DT
32307	335	34	earth	earth	NN
32307	335	35	.	.	.
32307	336	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	336	2	is	be	VBZ
32307	336	3	known	know	VBN
32307	336	4	now	now	RB
32307	336	5	to	to	TO
32307	336	6	be	be	VB
32307	336	7	present	present	JJ
32307	336	8	in	in	IN
32307	336	9	thorium	thorium	JJ
32307	336	10	minerals	mineral	NNS
32307	336	11	,	,	,
32307	336	12	in	in	IN
32307	336	13	the	the	DT
32307	336	14	waters	water	NNS
32307	336	15	of	of	IN
32307	336	16	radio	radio	NN
32307	336	17	-	-	HYPH
32307	336	18	active	active	JJ
32307	336	19	wells	well	NNS
32307	336	20	,	,	,
32307	336	21	and	and	CC
32307	336	22	in	in	IN
32307	336	23	minute	minute	NN
32307	336	24	amounts	amount	NNS
32307	336	25	in	in	IN
32307	336	26	the	the	DT
32307	336	27	atmosphere	atmosphere	NN
32307	336	28	.	.	.
32307	337	1	Its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	337	2	occurrence	occurrence	NN
32307	337	3	in	in	IN
32307	337	4	every	every	DT
32307	337	5	case	case	NN
32307	337	6	,	,	,
32307	337	7	in	in	IN
32307	337	8	the	the	DT
32307	337	9	light	light	NN
32307	337	10	of	of	IN
32307	337	11	the	the	DT
32307	337	12	experiment	experiment	NN
32307	337	13	described	describe	VBN
32307	337	14	above	above	RB
32307	337	15	,	,	,
32307	337	16	would	would	MD
32307	337	17	seem	seem	VB
32307	337	18	to	to	TO
32307	337	19	be	be	VB
32307	337	20	due	due	IN
32307	337	21	to	to	IN
32307	337	22	the	the	DT
32307	337	23	presence	presence	NN
32307	337	24	of	of	IN
32307	337	25	radio	radio	NN
32307	337	26	-	-	HYPH
32307	337	27	active	active	JJ
32307	337	28	changes	change	NNS
32307	337	29	.	.	.
32307	338	1	Characteristics	Characteristics	NNP
32307	338	2	of	of	IN
32307	338	3	Helium	Helium	NNP
32307	338	4	Helium	Helium	NNP
32307	338	5	,	,	,
32307	338	6	on	on	IN
32307	338	7	account	account	NN
32307	338	8	of	of	IN
32307	338	9	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	338	10	chemical	chemical	NN
32307	338	11	inactivity	inactivity	NN
32307	338	12	and	and	CC
32307	338	13	physical	physical	JJ
32307	338	14	properties	property	NNS
32307	338	15	,	,	,
32307	338	16	is	be	VBZ
32307	338	17	classed	class	VBN
32307	338	18	along	along	IN
32307	338	19	with	with	IN
32307	338	20	argon	argon	NN
32307	338	21	,	,	,
32307	338	22	neon	neon	NNP
32307	338	23	,	,	,
32307	338	24	krypton	krypton	NNP
32307	338	25	,	,	,
32307	338	26	and	and	CC
32307	338	27	xenon	xenon	NNP
32307	338	28	in	in	IN
32307	338	29	the	the	DT
32307	338	30	zero	zero	CD
32307	338	31	group	group	NN
32307	338	32	of	of	IN
32307	338	33	the	the	DT
32307	338	34	Periodic	Periodic	NNP
32307	338	35	System	System	NNP
32307	338	36	,	,	,
32307	338	37	and	and	CC
32307	338	38	forms	form	NNS
32307	338	39	with	with	IN
32307	338	40	them	-PRON-	PRP
32307	338	41	the	the	DT
32307	338	42	monatomic	monatomic	NN
32307	338	43	,	,	,
32307	338	44	inert	inert	JJ
32307	338	45	gases	gas	NNS
32307	338	46	.	.	.
32307	339	1	In	in	IN
32307	339	2	this	this	DT
32307	339	3	class	class	NN
32307	339	4	are	be	VBP
32307	339	5	now	now	RB
32307	339	6	placed	place	VBN
32307	339	7	also	also	RB
32307	339	8	the	the	DT
32307	339	9	three	three	CD
32307	339	10	radio	radio	NN
32307	339	11	-	-	HYPH
32307	339	12	active	active	JJ
32307	339	13	gases	gas	NNS
32307	339	14	,	,	,
32307	339	15	emanating	emanate	VBG
32307	339	16	respectively	respectively	RB
32307	339	17	from	from	IN
32307	339	18	radium	radium	NN
32307	339	19	,	,	,
32307	339	20	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	339	21	,	,	,
32307	339	22	and	and	CC
32307	339	23	actinium	actinium	NN
32307	339	24	.	.	.
32307	340	1	These	these	DT
32307	340	2	are	be	VBP
32307	340	3	generally	generally	RB
32307	340	4	known	know	VBN
32307	340	5	as	as	IN
32307	340	6	radium	radium	NN
32307	340	7	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	340	8	,	,	,
32307	340	9	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	340	10	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	340	11	,	,	,
32307	340	12	and	and	CC
32307	340	13	actinium	actinium	NN
32307	340	14	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	340	15	.	.	.
32307	341	1	The	the	DT
32307	341	2	first	first	JJ
32307	341	3	mentioned	mention	VBN
32307	341	4	was	be	VBD
32307	341	5	once	once	RB
32307	341	6	called	call	VBN
32307	341	7	niton	niton	NNP
32307	341	8	.	.	.
32307	342	1	Emanium	emanium	NN
32307	342	2	was	be	VBD
32307	342	3	the	the	DT
32307	342	4	name	name	NN
32307	342	5	originally	originally	RB
32307	342	6	proposed	propose	VBN
32307	342	7	by	by	IN
32307	342	8	Giesel	Giesel	NNP
32307	342	9	for	for	IN
32307	342	10	the	the	DT
32307	342	11	body	body	NN
32307	342	12	now	now	RB
32307	342	13	known	know	VBN
32307	342	14	as	as	IN
32307	342	15	actinium	actinium	NN
32307	342	16	.	.	.
32307	343	1	The	the	DT
32307	343	2	calculated	calculated	JJ
32307	343	3	rate	rate	NN
32307	343	4	of	of	IN
32307	343	5	production	production	NN
32307	343	6	of	of	IN
32307	343	7	helium	helium	NN
32307	343	8	in	in	IN
32307	343	9	the	the	DT
32307	343	10	series	series	NN
32307	343	11	in	in	IN
32307	343	12	equilibrium	equilibrium	NN
32307	343	13	with	with	IN
32307	343	14	one	one	CD
32307	343	15	gram	gram	NN
32307	343	16	of	of	IN
32307	343	17	radium	radium	NN
32307	343	18	is	be	VBZ
32307	343	19	158	158	CD
32307	343	20	cubic	cubic	JJ
32307	343	21	millimeters	millimeter	NNS
32307	343	22	per	per	IN
32307	343	23	year	year	NN
32307	343	24	.	.	.
32307	344	1	This	this	DT
32307	344	2	corresponds	correspond	VBZ
32307	344	3	quite	quite	RB
32307	344	4	well	well	RB
32307	344	5	with	with	IN
32307	344	6	the	the	DT
32307	344	7	experimental	experimental	JJ
32307	344	8	results	result	NNS
32307	344	9	.	.	.
32307	345	1	Table	table	NN
32307	345	2	of	of	IN
32307	345	3	Constants	constant	NNS
32307	345	4	Some	some	DT
32307	345	5	of	of	IN
32307	345	6	the	the	DT
32307	345	7	more	more	RBR
32307	345	8	important	important	JJ
32307	345	9	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	345	10	and	and	CC
32307	345	11	radio	radio	NN
32307	345	12	-	-	HYPH
32307	345	13	active	active	JJ
32307	345	14	constants	constant	NNS
32307	345	15	are	be	VBP
32307	345	16	given	give	VBN
32307	345	17	in	in	IN
32307	345	18	the	the	DT
32307	345	19	following	follow	VBG
32307	345	20	table	table	NN
32307	345	21	.	.	.
32307	346	1	They	-PRON-	PRP
32307	346	2	are	be	VBP
32307	346	3	recorded	record	VBN
32307	346	4	here	here	RB
32307	346	5	to	to	TO
32307	346	6	show	show	VB
32307	346	7	how	how	WRB
32307	346	8	helpful	helpful	JJ
32307	346	9	the	the	DT
32307	346	10	study	study	NN
32307	346	11	of	of	IN
32307	346	12	radio	radio	NN
32307	346	13	-	-	HYPH
32307	346	14	activity	activity	NN
32307	346	15	has	have	VBZ
32307	346	16	been	be	VBN
32307	346	17	in	in	IN
32307	346	18	working	work	VBG
32307	346	19	out	out	RP
32307	346	20	the	the	DT
32307	346	21	composition	composition	NN
32307	346	22	of	of	IN
32307	346	23	matter	matter	NN
32307	346	24	,	,	,
32307	346	25	and	and	CC
32307	346	26	to	to	TO
32307	346	27	give	give	VB
32307	346	28	some	some	DT
32307	346	29	idea	idea	NN
32307	346	30	of	of	IN
32307	346	31	the	the	DT
32307	346	32	magnitude	magnitude	NN
32307	346	33	of	of	IN
32307	346	34	the	the	DT
32307	346	35	numbers	number	NNS
32307	346	36	and	and	CC
32307	346	37	the	the	DT
32307	346	38	minuteness	minuteness	NN
32307	346	39	of	of	IN
32307	346	40	the	the	DT
32307	346	41	quantities	quantity	NNS
32307	346	42	dealt	deal	VBD
32307	346	43	with	with	IN
32307	346	44	.	.	.
32307	347	1	Electric	electric	JJ
32307	347	2	charge	charge	NN
32307	347	3	carried	carry	VBN
32307	347	4	by	by	IN
32307	347	5	each	each	DT
32307	347	6	H	h	NN
32307	347	7	atom	atom	NN
32307	347	8	in	in	IN
32307	347	9	electrolysis	electrolysis	NN
32307	347	10	4.65	4.65	CD
32307	347	11	×	×	CD
32307	347	12	10^{-10	10^{-10	CD
32307	347	13	}	}	-RRB-
32307	347	14	e.s	e.s	NNP
32307	347	15	.	.	.
32307	348	1	[	[	-LRB-
32307	348	2	1	1	LS
32307	348	3	]	]	-RRB-
32307	348	4	Electric	electric	JJ
32307	348	5	charge	charge	NN
32307	348	6	carried	carry	VBN
32307	348	7	by	by	IN
32307	348	8	each	each	DT
32307	348	9	[	[	-LRB-
32307	348	10	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	348	11	]	]	-RRB-
32307	348	12	particle	particle	NN
32307	348	13	9.3	9.3	CD
32307	348	14	×	×	CD
32307	348	15	10^{-10	10^{-10	CD
32307	348	16	}	}	-RRB-
32307	348	17	e.s	e.s	NNP
32307	348	18	.	.	.
32307	349	1	Number	number	NN
32307	349	2	of	of	IN
32307	349	3	atoms	atom	NNS
32307	349	4	in	in	IN
32307	349	5	1	1	CD
32307	349	6	gram	gram	NN
32307	349	7	of	of	IN
32307	349	8	H	h	NN
32307	349	9	6.2	6.2	CD
32307	349	10	×	×	CD
32307	349	11	10^{23	10^{23	CD
32307	349	12	}	}	-RRB-
32307	349	13	Mass	Mass	NNP
32307	349	14	of	of	IN
32307	349	15	1	1	CD
32307	349	16	atom	atom	NN
32307	349	17	of	of	IN
32307	349	18	H	h	NN
32307	349	19	1.6	1.6	CD
32307	349	20	×	×	CD
32307	349	21	10^{-24	10^{-24	NN
32307	349	22	}	}	-RRB-
32307	349	23	gram	gram	NN
32307	349	24	Number	Number	NNP
32307	349	25	of	of	IN
32307	349	26	molecules	molecule	NNS
32307	349	27	per	per	IN
32307	349	28	cc	cc	NN
32307	349	29	.	.	.
32307	350	1	of	of	IN
32307	350	2	any	any	DT
32307	350	3	gas	gas	NN
32307	350	4	at	at	IN
32307	350	5	standard	standard	JJ
32307	350	6	pressure	pressure	NN
32307	350	7	and	and	CC
32307	350	8	temperature	temperature	NN
32307	350	9	2.72	2.72	CD
32307	350	10	×	×	NNS
32307	350	11	10^{19	10^{19	CD
32307	350	12	}	}	-RRB-
32307	350	13	Number	number	NN
32307	350	14	of	of	IN
32307	350	15	[	[	-LRB-
32307	350	16	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	350	17	]	]	-RRB-
32307	350	18	particles	particle	NNS
32307	350	19	expelled	expel	VBN
32307	350	20	per	per	IN
32307	350	21	second	second	JJ
32307	350	22	per	per	IN
32307	350	23	gram	gram	NN
32307	350	24	of	of	IN
32307	350	25	radium	radium	NN
32307	350	26	itself	-PRON-	PRP
32307	350	27	3.6	3.6	CD
32307	350	28	×	×	CD
32307	350	29	10^{10	10^{10	CD
32307	350	30	}	}	-RRB-
32307	350	31	Number	number	NN
32307	350	32	of	of	IN
32307	350	33	[	[	-LRB-
32307	350	34	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	350	35	]	]	-RRB-
32307	350	36	particles	particle	NNS
32307	350	37	expelled	expel	VBN
32307	350	38	per	per	IN
32307	350	39	second	second	JJ
32307	350	40	per	per	IN
32307	350	41	gram	gram	NN
32307	350	42	of	of	IN
32307	350	43	radium	radium	NN
32307	350	44	in	in	IN
32307	350	45	equilibrium	equilibrium	NN
32307	350	46	with	with	IN
32307	350	47	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	350	48	products	product	NNS
32307	350	49	14.3	14.3	CD
32307	350	50	×	×	CD
32307	350	51	10^{10	10^{10	CD
32307	350	52	}	}	-RRB-
32307	350	53	[	[	-LRB-
32307	350	54	1	1	CD
32307	350	55	]	]	-RRB-
32307	350	56	The	the	DT
32307	350	57	expression	expression	NN
32307	350	58	10^{-10	10^{-10	CD
32307	350	59	}	}	-RRB-
32307	350	60	means	mean	VBZ
32307	350	61	multiplying	multiply	VBG
32307	350	62	by	by	IN
32307	350	63	.000,000,000,1	.000,000,000,1	NNP
32307	350	64	;	;	:
32307	350	65	10^{10	10^{10	NNP
32307	350	66	}	}	-RRB-
32307	350	67	means	mean	VBZ
32307	350	68	multiplying	multiply	VBG
32307	350	69	by	by	IN
32307	350	70	10,000,000,000	10,000,000,000	CD
32307	350	71	.	.	.
32307	351	1	CHAPTER	chapter	NN
32307	351	2	V	V	NNP
32307	351	3	THE	the	DT
32307	351	4	STRUCTURE	STRUCTURE	NNP
32307	351	5	OF	of	IN
32307	351	6	THE	the	DT
32307	351	7	ATOM	ATOM	NNP
32307	351	8	Properties	Properties	NNPS
32307	351	9	of	of	IN
32307	351	10	Radium	Radium	NNP
32307	351	11	A	A	NNP
32307	351	12	study	study	NN
32307	351	13	of	of	IN
32307	351	14	the	the	DT
32307	351	15	properties	property	NNS
32307	351	16	of	of	IN
32307	351	17	radium	radium	NN
32307	351	18	will	will	MD
32307	351	19	aid	aid	VB
32307	351	20	in	in	IN
32307	351	21	throwing	throw	VBG
32307	351	22	light	light	NN
32307	351	23	upon	upon	IN
32307	351	24	the	the	DT
32307	351	25	question	question	NN
32307	351	26	as	as	IN
32307	351	27	to	to	IN
32307	351	28	the	the	DT
32307	351	29	building	building	NN
32307	351	30	up	up	RP
32307	351	31	of	of	IN
32307	351	32	the	the	DT
32307	351	33	atom	atom	NN
32307	351	34	.	.	.
32307	352	1	First	first	RB
32307	352	2	to	to	TO
32307	352	3	be	be	VB
32307	352	4	considered	consider	VBN
32307	352	5	are	be	VBP
32307	352	6	the	the	DT
32307	352	7	usual	usual	JJ
32307	352	8	properties	property	NNS
32307	352	9	which	which	WDT
32307	352	10	distinguish	distinguish	VBP
32307	352	11	an	an	DT
32307	352	12	elementary	elementary	JJ
32307	352	13	body	body	NN
32307	352	14	.	.	.
32307	353	1	Metallic	metallic	JJ
32307	353	2	radium	radium	NN
32307	353	3	has	have	VBZ
32307	353	4	been	be	VBN
32307	353	5	prepared	prepare	VBN
32307	353	6	by	by	IN
32307	353	7	a	a	DT
32307	353	8	method	method	NN
32307	353	9	similar	similar	JJ
32307	353	10	to	to	IN
32307	353	11	that	that	DT
32307	353	12	used	use	VBN
32307	353	13	in	in	IN
32307	353	14	the	the	DT
32307	353	15	preparation	preparation	NN
32307	353	16	of	of	IN
32307	353	17	barium	barium	NN
32307	353	18	.	.	.
32307	354	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	354	2	is	be	VBZ
32307	354	3	a	a	DT
32307	354	4	pure	pure	JJ
32307	354	5	white	white	JJ
32307	354	6	metal	metal	NN
32307	354	7	,	,	,
32307	354	8	melting	melt	VBG
32307	354	9	at	at	IN
32307	354	10	700	700	CD
32307	354	11	°	°	NNS
32307	354	12	,	,	,
32307	354	13	and	and	CC
32307	354	14	far	far	RB
32307	354	15	more	more	RBR
32307	354	16	volatile	volatile	JJ
32307	354	17	than	than	IN
32307	354	18	barium	barium	NN
32307	354	19	.	.	.
32307	355	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	355	2	rapidly	rapidly	RB
32307	355	3	alters	alter	VBZ
32307	355	4	on	on	IN
32307	355	5	exposure	exposure	NN
32307	355	6	to	to	IN
32307	355	7	the	the	DT
32307	355	8	air	air	NN
32307	355	9	,	,	,
32307	355	10	probably	probably	RB
32307	355	11	forming	form	VBG
32307	355	12	a	a	DT
32307	355	13	nitride	nitride	NN
32307	355	14	.	.	.
32307	356	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	356	2	energetically	energetically	RB
32307	356	3	decomposes	decompose	VBZ
32307	356	4	water	water	NN
32307	356	5	and	and	CC
32307	356	6	the	the	DT
32307	356	7	product	product	NN
32307	356	8	dissolves	dissolve	VBZ
32307	356	9	in	in	IN
32307	356	10	the	the	DT
32307	356	11	water	water	NN
32307	356	12	.	.	.
32307	357	1	Its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	357	2	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	357	3	weight	weight	NN
32307	357	4	is	be	VBZ
32307	357	5	226	226	CD
32307	357	6	.	.	.
32307	358	1	Radium	radium	NN
32307	358	2	forms	form	VBZ
32307	358	3	a	a	DT
32307	358	4	series	series	NN
32307	358	5	of	of	IN
32307	358	6	salts	salt	NNS
32307	358	7	analogous	analogous	JJ
32307	358	8	in	in	IN
32307	358	9	appearance	appearance	NN
32307	358	10	and	and	CC
32307	358	11	chemical	chemical	NN
32307	358	12	action	action	NN
32307	358	13	to	to	IN
32307	358	14	those	those	DT
32307	358	15	of	of	IN
32307	358	16	barium	barium	NN
32307	358	17	.	.	.
32307	359	1	In	in	IN
32307	359	2	the	the	DT
32307	359	3	course	course	NN
32307	359	4	of	of	IN
32307	359	5	time	time	NN
32307	359	6	they	-PRON-	PRP
32307	359	7	become	become	VBP
32307	359	8	colored	colored	JJ
32307	359	9	,	,	,
32307	359	10	especially	especially	RB
32307	359	11	if	if	IN
32307	359	12	mixed	mixed	JJ
32307	359	13	barium	barium	NN
32307	359	14	salts	salt	NNS
32307	359	15	.	.	.
32307	360	1	The	the	DT
32307	360	2	radiations	radiation	NNS
32307	360	3	from	from	IN
32307	360	4	radium	radium	NN
32307	360	5	produce	produce	NN
32307	360	6	marked	mark	VBD
32307	360	7	chemical	chemical	JJ
32307	360	8	effects	effect	NNS
32307	360	9	in	in	IN
32307	360	10	a	a	DT
32307	360	11	number	number	NN
32307	360	12	of	of	IN
32307	360	13	substances	substance	NNS
32307	360	14	.	.	.
32307	361	1	Carbon	carbon	NN
32307	361	2	dioxide	dioxide	NN
32307	361	3	is	be	VBZ
32307	361	4	changed	change	VBN
32307	361	5	into	into	IN
32307	361	6	carbon	carbon	NN
32307	361	7	,	,	,
32307	361	8	oxygen	oxygen	NN
32307	361	9	,	,	,
32307	361	10	and	and	CC
32307	361	11	carbon	carbon	NN
32307	361	12	monoxide	monoxide	NN
32307	361	13	,	,	,
32307	361	14	and	and	CC
32307	361	15	the	the	DT
32307	361	16	latter	latter	JJ
32307	361	17	is	be	VBZ
32307	361	18	changed	change	VBN
32307	361	19	into	into	IN
32307	361	20	carbon	carbon	NN
32307	361	21	and	and	CC
32307	361	22	oxygen	oxygen	NN
32307	361	23	.	.	.
32307	362	1	Ammonia	Ammonia	NNP
32307	362	2	is	be	VBZ
32307	362	3	dissociated	dissociate	VBN
32307	362	4	into	into	IN
32307	362	5	nitrogen	nitrogen	NN
32307	362	6	and	and	CC
32307	362	7	hydrogen	hydrogen	NN
32307	362	8	;	;	,
32307	362	9	hydrochloric	hydrochloric	JJ
32307	362	10	acid	acid	NN
32307	362	11	into	into	IN
32307	362	12	chlorine	chlorine	NN
32307	362	13	and	and	CC
32307	362	14	hydrogen	hydrogen	NN
32307	362	15	.	.	.
32307	363	1	Oxygen	oxygen	NN
32307	363	2	is	be	VBZ
32307	363	3	condensed	condense	VBN
32307	363	4	into	into	IN
32307	363	5	ozone	ozone	NN
32307	363	6	.	.	.
32307	364	1	In	in	IN
32307	364	2	general	general	JJ
32307	364	3	,	,	,
32307	364	4	the	the	DT
32307	364	5	action	action	NN
32307	364	6	upon	upon	IN
32307	364	7	gases	gas	NNS
32307	364	8	appears	appear	VBZ
32307	364	9	to	to	TO
32307	364	10	be	be	VB
32307	364	11	similar	similar	JJ
32307	364	12	to	to	IN
32307	364	13	that	that	DT
32307	364	14	of	of	IN
32307	364	15	the	the	DT
32307	364	16	silent	silent	JJ
32307	364	17	electric	electric	JJ
32307	364	18	discharge	discharge	NN
32307	364	19	.	.	.
32307	365	1	Water	water	NN
32307	365	2	is	be	VBZ
32307	365	3	decomposed	decompose	VBN
32307	365	4	into	into	IN
32307	365	5	hydrogen	hydrogen	NN
32307	365	6	and	and	CC
32307	365	7	oxygen	oxygen	NN
32307	365	8	.	.	.
32307	366	1	If	if	IN
32307	366	2	moist	moist	JJ
32307	366	3	radium	radium	NN
32307	366	4	chloride	chloride	NN
32307	366	5	or	or	CC
32307	366	6	a	a	DT
32307	366	7	salt	salt	NN
32307	366	8	of	of	IN
32307	366	9	radium	radium	NN
32307	366	10	containing	contain	VBG
32307	366	11	water	water	NN
32307	366	12	of	of	IN
32307	366	13	crystallization	crystallization	NN
32307	366	14	is	be	VBZ
32307	366	15	sealed	seal	VBN
32307	366	16	in	in	IN
32307	366	17	a	a	DT
32307	366	18	glass	glass	NN
32307	366	19	tube	tube	NN
32307	366	20	,	,	,
32307	366	21	the	the	DT
32307	366	22	gradual	gradual	JJ
32307	366	23	accumulation	accumulation	NN
32307	366	24	of	of	IN
32307	366	25	hydrogen	hydrogen	NN
32307	366	26	and	and	CC
32307	366	27	oxygen	oxygen	NN
32307	366	28	will	will	MD
32307	366	29	burst	burst	VB
32307	366	30	the	the	DT
32307	366	31	tube	tube	NN
32307	366	32	.	.	.
32307	367	1	The	the	DT
32307	367	2	radiations	radiation	NNS
32307	367	3	rapidly	rapidly	RB
32307	367	4	decompose	decompose	VBP
32307	367	5	organic	organic	JJ
32307	367	6	matter	matter	NN
32307	367	7	with	with	IN
32307	367	8	the	the	DT
32307	367	9	evolution	evolution	NN
32307	367	10	of	of	IN
32307	367	11	gases	gas	NNS
32307	367	12	.	.	.
32307	368	1	Thus	thus	RB
32307	368	2	grease	grease	VB
32307	368	3	from	from	IN
32307	368	4	stopcocks	stopcock	NNS
32307	368	5	of	of	IN
32307	368	6	apparatus	apparatus	NN
32307	368	7	used	use	VBN
32307	368	8	with	with	IN
32307	368	9	radium	radium	NN
32307	368	10	or	or	CC
32307	368	11	paraffin	paraffin	NNP
32307	368	12	will	will	MD
32307	368	13	give	give	VB
32307	368	14	off	off	RP
32307	368	15	carbon	carbon	NN
32307	368	16	dioxide	dioxide	NN
32307	368	17	.	.	.
32307	369	1	Under	under	IN
32307	369	2	an	an	DT
32307	369	3	intense	intense	JJ
32307	369	4	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	369	5	radiation	radiation	NN
32307	369	6	paraffin	paraffin	NN
32307	369	7	or	or	CC
32307	369	8	vaseline	vaseline	VBP
32307	369	9	become	become	VBP
32307	369	10	hard	hard	JJ
32307	369	11	and	and	CC
32307	369	12	infusible	infusible	JJ
32307	369	13	.	.	.
32307	370	1	White	white	JJ
32307	370	2	phosphorus	phosphorus	NN
32307	370	3	is	be	VBZ
32307	370	4	changed	change	VBN
32307	370	5	into	into	IN
32307	370	6	red	red	NN
32307	370	7	.	.	.
32307	371	1	The	the	DT
32307	371	2	action	action	NN
32307	371	3	upon	upon	IN
32307	371	4	living	live	VBG
32307	371	5	tissue	tissue	NN
32307	371	6	is	be	VBZ
32307	371	7	most	most	RBS
32307	371	8	noteworthy	noteworthy	JJ
32307	371	9	,	,	,
32307	371	10	as	as	IN
32307	371	11	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	371	12	possible	possible	JJ
32307	371	13	use	use	NN
32307	371	14	as	as	IN
32307	371	15	a	a	DT
32307	371	16	remedial	remedial	JJ
32307	371	17	agent	agent	NN
32307	371	18	is	be	VBZ
32307	371	19	dependent	dependent	JJ
32307	371	20	upon	upon	IN
32307	371	21	this	this	DT
32307	371	22	.	.	.
32307	372	1	A	a	DT
32307	372	2	small	small	JJ
32307	372	3	amount	amount	NN
32307	372	4	of	of	IN
32307	372	5	a	a	DT
32307	372	6	radium	radium	NN
32307	372	7	salt	salt	NN
32307	372	8	enclosed	enclose	VBN
32307	372	9	in	in	IN
32307	372	10	a	a	DT
32307	372	11	glass	glass	NN
32307	372	12	tube	tube	NN
32307	372	13	will	will	MD
32307	372	14	cause	cause	VB
32307	372	15	a	a	DT
32307	372	16	serious	serious	JJ
32307	372	17	burn	burn	NN
32307	372	18	on	on	IN
32307	372	19	flesh	flesh	NN
32307	372	20	exposed	expose	VBN
32307	372	21	to	to	IN
32307	372	22	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	372	23	.	.	.
32307	373	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	373	2	therefore	therefore	RB
32307	373	3	has	have	VBZ
32307	373	4	to	to	TO
32307	373	5	be	be	VB
32307	373	6	handled	handle	VBN
32307	373	7	with	with	IN
32307	373	8	care	care	NN
32307	373	9	and	and	CC
32307	373	10	undue	undue	JJ
32307	373	11	exposure	exposure	NN
32307	373	12	to	to	IN
32307	373	13	the	the	DT
32307	373	14	radiations	radiation	NNS
32307	373	15	must	must	MD
32307	373	16	be	be	VB
32307	373	17	avoided	avoid	VBN
32307	373	18	.	.	.
32307	374	1	Cancer	cancer	NN
32307	374	2	sacs	sacs	NN
32307	374	3	shrivel	shrivel	VBP
32307	374	4	up	up	RB
32307	374	5	and	and	CC
32307	374	6	practically	practically	RB
32307	374	7	disappear	disappear	VB
32307	374	8	under	under	IN
32307	374	9	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	374	10	action	action	NN
32307	374	11	.	.	.
32307	375	1	Whether	whether	IN
32307	375	2	the	the	DT
32307	375	3	destruction	destruction	NN
32307	375	4	of	of	IN
32307	375	5	whatever	whatever	WDT
32307	375	6	causes	cause	VBZ
32307	375	7	the	the	DT
32307	375	8	cancer	cancer	NN
32307	375	9	is	be	VBZ
32307	375	10	complete	complete	JJ
32307	375	11	is	be	VBZ
32307	375	12	at	at	IN
32307	375	13	least	least	RBS
32307	375	14	open	open	JJ
32307	375	15	to	to	IN
32307	375	16	serious	serious	JJ
32307	375	17	doubt	doubt	NN
32307	375	18	.	.	.
32307	376	1	The	the	DT
32307	376	2	coagulating	coagulating	JJ
32307	376	3	effect	effect	NN
32307	376	4	upon	upon	IN
32307	376	5	globulin	globulin	NNP
32307	376	6	is	be	VBZ
32307	376	7	interesting	interesting	JJ
32307	376	8	.	.	.
32307	377	1	When	when	WRB
32307	377	2	two	two	CD
32307	377	3	solutions	solution	NNS
32307	377	4	of	of	IN
32307	377	5	globulin	globulin	NN
32307	377	6	from	from	IN
32307	377	7	ox	ox	NNP
32307	377	8	serum	serum	NNP
32307	377	9	are	be	VBP
32307	377	10	taken	take	VBN
32307	377	11	and	and	CC
32307	377	12	acetic	acetic	JJ
32307	377	13	acid	acid	NN
32307	377	14	added	add	VBN
32307	377	15	to	to	IN
32307	377	16	one	one	CD
32307	377	17	while	while	IN
32307	377	18	ammonia	ammonia	NNP
32307	377	19	is	be	VBZ
32307	377	20	added	add	VBN
32307	377	21	to	to	IN
32307	377	22	the	the	DT
32307	377	23	other	other	JJ
32307	377	24	,	,	,
32307	377	25	the	the	DT
32307	377	26	opalescence	opalescence	NN
32307	377	27	in	in	IN
32307	377	28	drops	drop	NNS
32307	377	29	of	of	IN
32307	377	30	the	the	DT
32307	377	31	former	former	JJ
32307	377	32	is	be	VBZ
32307	377	33	rapidly	rapidly	RB
32307	377	34	diminished	diminish	VBN
32307	377	35	on	on	IN
32307	377	36	exposure	exposure	NN
32307	377	37	to	to	IN
32307	377	38	radium	radium	NN
32307	377	39	,	,	,
32307	377	40	showing	show	VBG
32307	377	41	a	a	DT
32307	377	42	more	more	RBR
32307	377	43	complete	complete	JJ
32307	377	44	solution	solution	NN
32307	377	45	,	,	,
32307	377	46	whereas	whereas	IN
32307	377	47	the	the	DT
32307	377	48	latter	latter	JJ
32307	377	49	solution	solution	NN
32307	377	50	rapidly	rapidly	RB
32307	377	51	turns	turn	VBZ
32307	377	52	to	to	IN
32307	377	53	a	a	DT
32307	377	54	jelly	jelly	NN
32307	377	55	and	and	CC
32307	377	56	becomes	become	VBZ
32307	377	57	opaque	opaque	JJ
32307	377	58	,	,	,
32307	377	59	indicating	indicate	VBG
32307	377	60	a	a	DT
32307	377	61	greatly	greatly	RB
32307	377	62	decreased	decrease	VBN
32307	377	63	solubility	solubility	NN
32307	377	64	.	.	.
32307	378	1	Energy	energy	NN
32307	378	2	Evolved	evolve	VBN
32307	378	3	by	by	IN
32307	378	4	Radium	Radium	NNP
32307	378	5	The	the	DT
32307	378	6	greater	great	JJR
32307	378	7	part	part	NN
32307	378	8	of	of	IN
32307	378	9	the	the	DT
32307	378	10	tremendous	tremendous	JJ
32307	378	11	energy	energy	NN
32307	378	12	evolved	evolve	VBN
32307	378	13	by	by	IN
32307	378	14	radium	radium	NN
32307	378	15	is	be	VBZ
32307	378	16	due	due	JJ
32307	378	17	to	to	IN
32307	378	18	the	the	DT
32307	378	19	emission	emission	NN
32307	378	20	of	of	IN
32307	378	21	the	the	DT
32307	378	22	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	378	23	particles	particle	NNS
32307	378	24	,	,	,
32307	378	25	and	and	CC
32307	378	26	in	in	IN
32307	378	27	comparison	comparison	NN
32307	378	28	the	the	DT
32307	378	29	beta	beta	NN
32307	378	30	and	and	CC
32307	378	31	gamma	gamma	NN
32307	378	32	rays	ray	NNS
32307	378	33	together	together	RB
32307	378	34	supply	supply	VBP
32307	378	35	only	only	RB
32307	378	36	a	a	DT
32307	378	37	small	small	JJ
32307	378	38	fraction	fraction	NN
32307	378	39	.	.	.
32307	379	1	This	this	DT
32307	379	2	energy	energy	NN
32307	379	3	may	may	MD
32307	379	4	be	be	VB
32307	379	5	measured	measure	VBN
32307	379	6	as	as	IN
32307	379	7	heat	heat	NN
32307	379	8	.	.	.
32307	380	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	380	2	was	be	VBD
32307	380	3	first	first	RB
32307	380	4	observed	observe	VBN
32307	380	5	that	that	IN
32307	380	6	a	a	DT
32307	380	7	radium	radium	NN
32307	380	8	compound	compound	NN
32307	380	9	maintained	maintain	VBD
32307	380	10	a	a	DT
32307	380	11	temperature	temperature	NN
32307	380	12	several	several	JJ
32307	380	13	degrees	degree	NNS
32307	380	14	higher	high	JJR
32307	380	15	than	than	IN
32307	380	16	that	that	DT
32307	380	17	of	of	IN
32307	380	18	the	the	DT
32307	380	19	air	air	NN
32307	380	20	around	around	IN
32307	380	21	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	380	22	.	.	.
32307	381	1	The	the	DT
32307	381	2	rate	rate	NN
32307	381	3	of	of	IN
32307	381	4	heat	heat	NN
32307	381	5	production	production	NN
32307	381	6	was	be	VBD
32307	381	7	later	later	RB
32307	381	8	measured	measure	VBN
32307	381	9	by	by	IN
32307	381	10	means	mean	NNS
32307	381	11	of	of	IN
32307	381	12	an	an	DT
32307	381	13	ice	ice	NN
32307	381	14	calorimeter	calorimeter	NN
32307	381	15	and	and	CC
32307	381	16	also	also	RB
32307	381	17	by	by	IN
32307	381	18	noting	note	VBG
32307	381	19	the	the	DT
32307	381	20	strength	strength	NN
32307	381	21	of	of	IN
32307	381	22	the	the	DT
32307	381	23	current	current	NN
32307	381	24	required	require	VBN
32307	381	25	to	to	TO
32307	381	26	raise	raise	VB
32307	381	27	a	a	DT
32307	381	28	comparison	comparison	NN
32307	381	29	tube	tube	NN
32307	381	30	of	of	IN
32307	381	31	barium	barium	NN
32307	381	32	salt	salt	NN
32307	381	33	to	to	IN
32307	381	34	the	the	DT
32307	381	35	same	same	JJ
32307	381	36	temperature	temperature	NN
32307	381	37	.	.	.
32307	382	1	Both	both	DT
32307	382	2	methods	method	NNS
32307	382	3	showed	show	VBD
32307	382	4	that	that	IN
32307	382	5	the	the	DT
32307	382	6	heat	heat	NN
32307	382	7	produced	produce	VBN
32307	382	8	was	be	VBD
32307	382	9	at	at	IN
32307	382	10	the	the	DT
32307	382	11	rate	rate	NN
32307	382	12	of	of	IN
32307	382	13	about	about	RB
32307	382	14	135	135	CD
32307	382	15	gram	gram	NN
32307	382	16	calories	calorie	NNS
32307	382	17	per	per	IN
32307	382	18	hour	hour	NN
32307	382	19	.	.	.
32307	383	1	As	as	IN
32307	383	2	the	the	DT
32307	383	3	emission	emission	NN
32307	383	4	is	be	VBZ
32307	383	5	continuous	continuous	JJ
32307	383	6	,	,	,
32307	383	7	one	one	CD
32307	383	8	gram	gram	NN
32307	383	9	of	of	IN
32307	383	10	radium	radium	NN
32307	383	11	would	would	MD
32307	383	12	therefore	therefore	RB
32307	383	13	emit	emit	VB
32307	383	14	about	about	RB
32307	383	15	1,180,000	1,180,000	CD
32307	383	16	gram	gram	NN
32307	383	17	calories	calorie	NNS
32307	383	18	in	in	IN
32307	383	19	the	the	DT
32307	383	20	course	course	NN
32307	383	21	of	of	IN
32307	383	22	a	a	DT
32307	383	23	year	year	NN
32307	383	24	.	.	.
32307	384	1	At	at	IN
32307	384	2	the	the	DT
32307	384	3	end	end	NN
32307	384	4	of	of	IN
32307	384	5	2000	2000	CD
32307	384	6	years	year	NNS
32307	384	7	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	384	8	would	would	MD
32307	384	9	still	still	RB
32307	384	10	emit	emit	VB
32307	384	11	590,000	590,000	CD
32307	384	12	gram	gram	NN
32307	384	13	calories	calorie	NNS
32307	384	14	per	per	IN
32307	384	15	year	year	NN
32307	384	16	.	.	.
32307	385	1	Such	such	PDT
32307	385	2	a	a	DT
32307	385	3	production	production	NN
32307	385	4	of	of	IN
32307	385	5	energy	energy	NN
32307	385	6	so	so	RB
32307	385	7	far	far	RB
32307	385	8	surpasses	surpass	VBZ
32307	385	9	all	all	DT
32307	385	10	experience	experience	NN
32307	385	11	that	that	IN
32307	385	12	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	385	13	becomes	become	VBZ
32307	385	14	almost	almost	RB
32307	385	15	inconceivable	inconceivable	JJ
32307	385	16	.	.	.
32307	386	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	386	2	is	be	VBZ
32307	386	3	futile	futile	JJ
32307	386	4	to	to	TO
32307	386	5	speak	speak	VB
32307	386	6	of	of	IN
32307	386	7	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	386	8	in	in	IN
32307	386	9	terms	term	NNS
32307	386	10	of	of	IN
32307	386	11	the	the	DT
32307	386	12	heat	heat	NN
32307	386	13	evolved	evolve	VBN
32307	386	14	by	by	IN
32307	386	15	the	the	DT
32307	386	16	combustion	combustion	NN
32307	386	17	of	of	IN
32307	386	18	hydrogen	hydrogen	NN
32307	386	19	,	,	,
32307	386	20	which	which	WDT
32307	386	21	is	be	VBZ
32307	386	22	the	the	DT
32307	386	23	greatest	great	JJS
32307	386	24	that	that	WDT
32307	386	25	can	can	MD
32307	386	26	be	be	VB
32307	386	27	produced	produce	VBN
32307	386	28	by	by	IN
32307	386	29	chemical	chemical	NN
32307	386	30	means	mean	NNS
32307	386	31	.	.	.
32307	387	1	This	this	DT
32307	387	2	effect	effect	NN
32307	387	3	is	be	VBZ
32307	387	4	unaltered	unaltered	JJ
32307	387	5	at	at	IN
32307	387	6	low	low	JJ
32307	387	7	temperatures	temperature	NNS
32307	387	8	,	,	,
32307	387	9	as	as	IN
32307	387	10	has	have	VBZ
32307	387	11	been	be	VBN
32307	387	12	tested	test	VBN
32307	387	13	by	by	IN
32307	387	14	immersing	immerse	VBG
32307	387	15	a	a	DT
32307	387	16	tube	tube	NN
32307	387	17	containing	contain	VBG
32307	387	18	radium	radium	NN
32307	387	19	in	in	IN
32307	387	20	liquid	liquid	JJ
32307	387	21	air	air	NN
32307	387	22	.	.	.
32307	388	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	388	2	should	should	MD
32307	388	3	be	be	VB
32307	388	4	stated	state	VBN
32307	388	5	that	that	IN
32307	388	6	these	these	DT
32307	388	7	measurements	measurement	NNS
32307	388	8	were	be	VBD
32307	388	9	made	make	VBN
32307	388	10	after	after	IN
32307	388	11	the	the	DT
32307	388	12	radium	radium	NN
32307	388	13	had	have	VBD
32307	388	14	reached	reach	VBN
32307	388	15	an	an	DT
32307	388	16	equilibrium	equilibrium	NN
32307	388	17	with	with	IN
32307	388	18	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	388	19	products	product	NNS
32307	388	20	;	;	:
32307	388	21	that	that	RB
32307	388	22	is	is	RB
32307	388	23	,	,	,
32307	388	24	after	after	IN
32307	388	25	waiting	wait	VBG
32307	388	26	at	at	RB
32307	388	27	least	least	JJS
32307	388	28	a	a	DT
32307	388	29	month	month	NN
32307	388	30	after	after	IN
32307	388	31	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	388	32	preparation	preparation	NN
32307	388	33	.	.	.
32307	389	1	The	the	DT
32307	389	2	evolution	evolution	NN
32307	389	3	of	of	IN
32307	389	4	heat	heat	NN
32307	389	5	from	from	IN
32307	389	6	radium	radium	NN
32307	389	7	and	and	CC
32307	389	8	the	the	DT
32307	389	9	radio	radio	NN
32307	389	10	-	-	HYPH
32307	389	11	active	active	JJ
32307	389	12	substances	substance	NNS
32307	389	13	is	be	VBZ
32307	389	14	,	,	,
32307	389	15	in	in	IN
32307	389	16	a	a	DT
32307	389	17	sense	sense	NN
32307	389	18	,	,	,
32307	389	19	a	a	DT
32307	389	20	secondary	secondary	JJ
32307	389	21	effect	effect	NN
32307	389	22	,	,	,
32307	389	23	as	as	IN
32307	389	24	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	389	25	measures	measure	VBZ
32307	389	26	the	the	DT
32307	389	27	radiant	radiant	JJ
32307	389	28	energy	energy	NN
32307	389	29	transformed	transform	VBN
32307	389	30	into	into	IN
32307	389	31	heat	heat	NN
32307	389	32	energy	energy	NN
32307	389	33	by	by	IN
32307	389	34	the	the	DT
32307	389	35	active	active	JJ
32307	389	36	matter	matter	NN
32307	389	37	itself	-PRON-	PRP
32307	389	38	and	and	CC
32307	389	39	whatever	whatever	WDT
32307	389	40	surrounds	surround	VBZ
32307	389	41	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	389	42	.	.	.
32307	390	1	Let	let	VB
32307	390	2	us	-PRON-	PRP
32307	390	3	repeat	repeat	VB
32307	390	4	,	,	,
32307	390	5	therefore	therefore	RB
32307	390	6	,	,	,
32307	390	7	that	that	IN
32307	390	8	the	the	DT
32307	390	9	total	total	JJ
32307	390	10	amount	amount	NN
32307	390	11	of	of	IN
32307	390	12	energy	energy	NN
32307	390	13	pent	pen	VBN
32307	390	14	up	up	RP
32307	390	15	in	in	IN
32307	390	16	a	a	DT
32307	390	17	single	single	JJ
32307	390	18	atom	atom	NN
32307	390	19	of	of	IN
32307	390	20	radium	radium	NN
32307	390	21	almost	almost	RB
32307	390	22	passes	pass	VBZ
32307	390	23	our	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	390	24	powers	power	NNS
32307	390	25	of	of	IN
32307	390	26	conception	conception	NN
32307	390	27	.	.	.
32307	391	1	Necessity	necessity	NN
32307	391	2	for	for	IN
32307	391	3	a	a	DT
32307	391	4	Disintegration	disintegration	NN
32307	391	5	Theory	Theory	NNP
32307	391	6	The	the	DT
32307	391	7	facts	fact	NNS
32307	391	8	gathered	gather	VBD
32307	391	9	so	so	RB
32307	391	10	far	far	RB
32307	391	11	justify	justify	VB
32307	391	12	and	and	CC
32307	391	13	necessitate	necessitate	VB
32307	391	14	a	a	DT
32307	391	15	theory	theory	NN
32307	391	16	which	which	WDT
32307	391	17	shall	shall	MD
32307	391	18	satisfactorily	satisfactorily	RB
32307	391	19	explain	explain	VB
32307	391	20	them	-PRON-	PRP
32307	391	21	,	,	,
32307	391	22	and	and	CC
32307	391	23	since	since	IN
32307	391	24	these	these	DT
32307	391	25	phenomena	phenomenon	NNS
32307	391	26	are	be	VBP
32307	391	27	not	not	RB
32307	391	28	caused	cause	VBN
32307	391	29	by	by	IN
32307	391	30	nor	nor	CC
32307	391	31	subject	subject	VB
32307	391	32	to	to	IN
32307	391	33	the	the	DT
32307	391	34	influence	influence	NN
32307	391	35	of	of	IN
32307	391	36	external	external	JJ
32307	391	37	agencies	agency	NNS
32307	391	38	,	,	,
32307	391	39	they	-PRON-	PRP
32307	391	40	must	must	MD
32307	391	41	refer	refer	VB
32307	391	42	to	to	IN
32307	391	43	changes	change	NNS
32307	391	44	taking	take	VBG
32307	391	45	place	place	NN
32307	391	46	within	within	IN
32307	391	47	the	the	DT
32307	391	48	atom	atom	NN
32307	391	49	--	--	:
32307	391	50	in	in	IN
32307	391	51	other	other	JJ
32307	391	52	words	word	NNS
32307	391	53	,	,	,
32307	391	54	a	a	DT
32307	391	55	theory	theory	NN
32307	391	56	of	of	IN
32307	391	57	disintegration	disintegration	NN
32307	391	58	.	.	.
32307	392	1	In	in	IN
32307	392	2	the	the	DT
32307	392	3	main	main	JJ
32307	392	4	,	,	,
32307	392	5	these	these	DT
32307	392	6	facts	fact	NNS
32307	392	7	may	may	MD
32307	392	8	be	be	VB
32307	392	9	summed	sum	VBN
32307	392	10	up	up	RP
32307	392	11	as	as	IN
32307	392	12	the	the	DT
32307	392	13	emission	emission	NN
32307	392	14	of	of	IN
32307	392	15	certain	certain	JJ
32307	392	16	radiations	radiation	NNS
32307	392	17	from	from	IN
32307	392	18	known	know	VBN
32307	392	19	elemental	elemental	JJ
32307	392	20	matter	matter	NN
32307	392	21	:	:	:
32307	392	22	the	the	DT
32307	392	23	material	material	NN
32307	392	24	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	392	25	particles	particle	NNS
32307	392	26	with	with	IN
32307	392	27	positive	positive	JJ
32307	392	28	charge	charge	NN
32307	392	29	,	,	,
32307	392	30	the	the	DT
32307	392	31	beta	beta	NN
32307	392	32	particles	particle	NNS
32307	392	33	or	or	CC
32307	392	34	negative	negative	JJ
32307	392	35	electrons	electron	NNS
32307	392	36	,	,	,
32307	392	37	and	and	CC
32307	392	38	the	the	DT
32307	392	39	gamma	gamma	NN
32307	392	40	rays	ray	NNS
32307	392	41	analogous	analogous	JJ
32307	392	42	to	to	IN
32307	392	43	_	_	NNP
32307	392	44	X	X	NNP
32307	392	45	_	_	NNP
32307	392	46	rays	ray	NNS
32307	392	47	.	.	.
32307	393	1	The	the	DT
32307	393	2	emission	emission	NN
32307	393	3	of	of	IN
32307	393	4	these	these	DT
32307	393	5	rays	ray	NNS
32307	393	6	results	result	VBZ
32307	393	7	in	in	IN
32307	393	8	the	the	DT
32307	393	9	production	production	NN
32307	393	10	of	of	IN
32307	393	11	great	great	JJ
32307	393	12	heat	heat	NN
32307	393	13	.	.	.
32307	394	1	Then	then	RB
32307	394	2	there	there	EX
32307	394	3	is	be	VBZ
32307	394	4	the	the	DT
32307	394	5	law	law	NN
32307	394	6	of	of	IN
32307	394	7	transformations	transformation	NNS
32307	394	8	by	by	IN
32307	394	9	which	which	WDT
32307	394	10	whole	whole	JJ
32307	394	11	series	series	NN
32307	394	12	of	of	IN
32307	394	13	new	new	JJ
32307	394	14	elements	element	NNS
32307	394	15	are	be	VBP
32307	394	16	generated	generate	VBN
32307	394	17	from	from	IN
32307	394	18	the	the	DT
32307	394	19	original	original	JJ
32307	394	20	element	element	NN
32307	394	21	and	and	CC
32307	394	22	maintain	maintain	VB
32307	394	23	a	a	DT
32307	394	24	constant	constant	JJ
32307	394	25	equilibrium	equilibrium	NN
32307	394	26	of	of	IN
32307	394	27	growth	growth	NN
32307	394	28	and	and	CC
32307	394	29	decay	decay	NN
32307	394	30	in	in	IN
32307	394	31	the	the	DT
32307	394	32	series	series	NN
32307	394	33	.	.	.
32307	395	1	Lastly	lastly	RB
32307	395	2	,	,	,
32307	395	3	we	-PRON-	PRP
32307	395	4	have	have	VBP
32307	395	5	the	the	DT
32307	395	6	production	production	NN
32307	395	7	of	of	IN
32307	395	8	helium	helium	NN
32307	395	9	from	from	IN
32307	395	10	the	the	DT
32307	395	11	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	395	12	particles	particle	NNS
32307	395	13	.	.	.
32307	396	1	Disintegration	Disintegration	NNP
32307	396	2	Theory	Theory	NNP
32307	396	3	In	in	IN
32307	396	4	explanation	explanation	NN
32307	396	5	of	of	IN
32307	396	6	these	these	DT
32307	396	7	phenomena	phenomenon	NNS
32307	396	8	,	,	,
32307	396	9	Rutherford	Rutherford	NNP
32307	396	10	offered	offer	VBD
32307	396	11	the	the	DT
32307	396	12	hypothesis	hypothesis	NN
32307	396	13	that	that	IN
32307	396	14	the	the	DT
32307	396	15	atoms	atom	NNS
32307	396	16	of	of	IN
32307	396	17	certain	certain	JJ
32307	396	18	elements	element	NNS
32307	396	19	were	be	VBD
32307	396	20	unstable	unstable	JJ
32307	396	21	and	and	CC
32307	396	22	subject	subject	JJ
32307	396	23	to	to	IN
32307	396	24	disintegration	disintegration	NN
32307	396	25	.	.	.
32307	397	1	The	the	DT
32307	397	2	only	only	JJ
32307	397	3	elements	element	NNS
32307	397	4	definitely	definitely	RB
32307	397	5	known	know	VBN
32307	397	6	to	to	TO
32307	397	7	come	come	VB
32307	397	8	under	under	IN
32307	397	9	this	this	DT
32307	397	10	description	description	NN
32307	397	11	are	be	VBP
32307	397	12	the	the	DT
32307	397	13	two	two	CD
32307	397	14	having	have	VBG
32307	397	15	atoms	atom	NNS
32307	397	16	of	of	IN
32307	397	17	the	the	DT
32307	397	18	greatest	greatest	RBS
32307	397	19	known	know	VBN
32307	397	20	mass	mass	NN
32307	397	21	,	,	,
32307	397	22	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	397	23	(	(	-LRB-
32307	397	24	232	232	CD
32307	397	25	)	)	-RRB-
32307	397	26	and	and	CC
32307	397	27	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	397	28	(	(	-LRB-
32307	397	29	238	238	CD
32307	397	30	)	)	-RRB-
32307	397	31	.	.	.
32307	398	1	The	the	DT
32307	398	2	atoms	atom	NNS
32307	398	3	of	of	IN
32307	398	4	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	398	5	,	,	,
32307	398	6	for	for	IN
32307	398	7	instance	instance	NN
32307	398	8	,	,	,
32307	398	9	are	be	VBP
32307	398	10	supposed	suppose	VBN
32307	398	11	to	to	TO
32307	398	12	be	be	VB
32307	398	13	not	not	RB
32307	398	14	permanent	permanent	JJ
32307	398	15	but	but	CC
32307	398	16	unstable	unstable	JJ
32307	398	17	systems	system	NNS
32307	398	18	.	.	.
32307	399	1	According	accord	VBG
32307	399	2	to	to	IN
32307	399	3	the	the	DT
32307	399	4	hypothesis	hypothesis	NN
32307	399	5	,	,	,
32307	399	6	about	about	RB
32307	399	7	1	1	CD
32307	399	8	atom	atom	NN
32307	399	9	in	in	IN
32307	399	10	every	every	DT
32307	399	11	10^{18	10^{18	CD
32307	399	12	}	}	-RRB-
32307	399	13	becomes	become	VBZ
32307	399	14	unstable	unstable	JJ
32307	399	15	each	each	DT
32307	399	16	second	second	JJ
32307	399	17	and	and	CC
32307	399	18	breaks	break	VBZ
32307	399	19	up	up	RP
32307	399	20	with	with	IN
32307	399	21	a	a	DT
32307	399	22	violent	violent	JJ
32307	399	23	explosion	explosion	NN
32307	399	24	for	for	IN
32307	399	25	so	so	RB
32307	399	26	small	small	JJ
32307	399	27	a	a	DT
32307	399	28	mass	mass	NN
32307	399	29	of	of	IN
32307	399	30	matter	matter	NN
32307	399	31	.	.	.
32307	400	1	One	one	CD
32307	400	2	,	,	,
32307	400	3	or	or	CC
32307	400	4	possibly	possibly	RB
32307	400	5	two	two	CD
32307	400	6	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	400	7	particles	particle	NNS
32307	400	8	are	be	VBP
32307	400	9	expelled	expel	VBN
32307	400	10	with	with	IN
32307	400	11	great	great	JJ
32307	400	12	velocity	velocity	NN
32307	400	13	.	.	.
32307	401	1	This	this	DT
32307	401	2	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	401	3	particle	particle	NN
32307	401	4	corresponds	correspond	VBZ
32307	401	5	to	to	IN
32307	401	6	an	an	DT
32307	401	7	atom	atom	NN
32307	401	8	of	of	IN
32307	401	9	helium	helium	NN
32307	401	10	with	with	IN
32307	401	11	an	an	DT
32307	401	12	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	401	13	weight	weight	NN
32307	401	14	of	of	IN
32307	401	15	4	4	CD
32307	401	16	,	,	,
32307	401	17	and	and	CC
32307	401	18	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	401	19	loss	loss	NN
32307	401	20	reduces	reduce	VBZ
32307	401	21	the	the	DT
32307	401	22	original	original	JJ
32307	401	23	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	401	24	weight	weight	NN
32307	401	25	to	to	IN
32307	401	26	234	234	CD
32307	401	27	with	with	IN
32307	401	28	the	the	DT
32307	401	29	formation	formation	NN
32307	401	30	of	of	IN
32307	401	31	a	a	DT
32307	401	32	new	new	JJ
32307	401	33	element	element	NN
32307	401	34	,	,	,
32307	401	35	having	have	VBG
32307	401	36	changed	change	VBN
32307	401	37	properties	property	NNS
32307	401	38	corresponding	correspond	VBG
32307	401	39	to	to	IN
32307	401	40	the	the	DT
32307	401	41	new	new	JJ
32307	401	42	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	401	43	weight	weight	NN
32307	401	44	.	.	.
32307	402	1	This	this	DT
32307	402	2	new	new	JJ
32307	402	3	element	element	NN
32307	402	4	is	be	VBZ
32307	402	5	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	402	6	X_{1	X_{1	NNP
32307	402	7	}	}	-RRB-
32307	402	8	.	.	.
32307	403	1	These	these	DT
32307	403	2	new	new	JJ
32307	403	3	atoms	atom	NNS
32307	403	4	are	be	VBP
32307	403	5	far	far	RB
32307	403	6	more	more	RBR
32307	403	7	unstable	unstable	JJ
32307	403	8	than	than	IN
32307	403	9	those	those	DT
32307	403	10	of	of	IN
32307	403	11	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	403	12	,	,	,
32307	403	13	and	and	CC
32307	403	14	the	the	DT
32307	403	15	decomposition	decomposition	NN
32307	403	16	proceeds	proceed	VBZ
32307	403	17	at	at	IN
32307	403	18	a	a	DT
32307	403	19	new	new	JJ
32307	403	20	rate	rate	NN
32307	403	21	of	of	IN
32307	403	22	1	1	CD
32307	403	23	in	in	IN
32307	403	24	10^{7	10^{7	NNS
32307	403	25	}	}	-RRB-
32307	403	26	per	per	IN
32307	403	27	second	second	NN
32307	403	28	.	.	.
32307	404	1	So	so	RB
32307	404	2	at	at	IN
32307	404	3	a	a	DT
32307	404	4	definite	definite	JJ
32307	404	5	,	,	,
32307	404	6	measurable	measurable	JJ
32307	404	7	rate	rate	NN
32307	404	8	this	this	DT
32307	404	9	stepwise	stepwise	JJ
32307	404	10	disintegration	disintegration	NN
32307	404	11	proceeds	proceed	NNS
32307	404	12	.	.	.
32307	405	1	The	the	DT
32307	405	2	explosions	explosion	NNS
32307	405	3	are	be	VBP
32307	405	4	not	not	RB
32307	405	5	in	in	IN
32307	405	6	all	all	DT
32307	405	7	cases	case	NNS
32307	405	8	equally	equally	RB
32307	405	9	violent	violent	JJ
32307	405	10	in	in	IN
32307	405	11	going	go	VBG
32307	405	12	from	from	IN
32307	405	13	element	element	NN
32307	405	14	to	to	IN
32307	405	15	element	element	VB
32307	405	16	,	,	,
32307	405	17	nor	nor	CC
32307	405	18	are	be	VBP
32307	405	19	the	the	DT
32307	405	20	results	result	NNS
32307	405	21	the	the	DT
32307	405	22	same	same	JJ
32307	405	23	.	.	.
32307	406	1	Sometimes	sometimes	RB
32307	406	2	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	406	3	particles	particle	NNS
32307	406	4	alone	alone	RB
32307	406	5	are	be	VBP
32307	406	6	expelled	expel	VBN
32307	406	7	,	,	,
32307	406	8	sometimes	sometimes	RB
32307	406	9	beta	beta	JJ
32307	406	10	,	,	,
32307	406	11	or	or	CC
32307	406	12	two	two	CD
32307	406	13	of	of	IN
32307	406	14	them	-PRON-	PRP
32307	406	15	together	together	RB
32307	406	16	,	,	,
32307	406	17	as	as	IN
32307	406	18	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	406	19	and	and	CC
32307	406	20	beta	beta	NN
32307	406	21	.	.	.
32307	407	1	The	the	DT
32307	407	2	new	new	JJ
32307	407	3	product	product	NN
32307	407	4	may	may	MD
32307	407	5	remain	remain	VB
32307	407	6	with	with	IN
32307	407	7	the	the	DT
32307	407	8	unchanged	unchanged	JJ
32307	407	9	part	part	NN
32307	407	10	of	of	IN
32307	407	11	the	the	DT
32307	407	12	original	original	JJ
32307	407	13	matter	matter	NN
32307	407	14	.	.	.
32307	408	1	Thus	thus	RB
32307	408	2	there	there	EX
32307	408	3	would	would	MD
32307	408	4	be	be	VB
32307	408	5	an	an	DT
32307	408	6	accumulation	accumulation	NN
32307	408	7	of	of	IN
32307	408	8	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	408	9	until	until	IN
32307	408	10	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	408	11	own	own	JJ
32307	408	12	decay	decay	NN
32307	408	13	balances	balance	VBZ
32307	408	14	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	408	15	production	production	NN
32307	408	16	,	,	,
32307	408	17	resulting	result	VBG
32307	408	18	eventually	eventually	RB
32307	408	19	in	in	IN
32307	408	20	a	a	DT
32307	408	21	state	state	NN
32307	408	22	of	of	IN
32307	408	23	equilibrium	equilibrium	NN
32307	408	24	.	.	.
32307	409	1	Constitution	constitution	NN
32307	409	2	of	of	IN
32307	409	3	the	the	DT
32307	409	4	Atom	Atom	NNP
32307	409	5	In	in	IN
32307	409	6	order	order	NN
32307	409	7	to	to	TO
32307	409	8	explain	explain	VB
32307	409	9	the	the	DT
32307	409	10	electrical	electrical	JJ
32307	409	11	and	and	CC
32307	409	12	optical	optical	JJ
32307	409	13	properties	property	NNS
32307	409	14	of	of	IN
32307	409	15	matter	matter	NN
32307	409	16	,	,	,
32307	409	17	the	the	DT
32307	409	18	hypothesis	hypothesis	NN
32307	409	19	was	be	VBD
32307	409	20	made	make	VBN
32307	409	21	that	that	IN
32307	409	22	the	the	DT
32307	409	23	atom	atom	NN
32307	409	24	consisted	consist	VBD
32307	409	25	of	of	IN
32307	409	26	positively	positively	RB
32307	409	27	and	and	CC
32307	409	28	negatively	negatively	RB
32307	409	29	electrified	electrify	VBN
32307	409	30	particles	particle	NNS
32307	409	31	.	.	.
32307	410	1	Later	later	RB
32307	410	2	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	410	3	was	be	VBD
32307	410	4	shown	show	VBN
32307	410	5	that	that	IN
32307	410	6	negative	negative	JJ
32307	410	7	electrons	electron	NNS
32307	410	8	exist	exist	VBP
32307	410	9	in	in	IN
32307	410	10	all	all	DT
32307	410	11	kinds	kind	NNS
32307	410	12	of	of	IN
32307	410	13	matter	matter	NN
32307	410	14	.	.	.
32307	411	1	Various	various	JJ
32307	411	2	attempts	attempt	NNS
32307	411	3	were	be	VBD
32307	411	4	made	make	VBN
32307	411	5	to	to	TO
32307	411	6	work	work	VB
32307	411	7	out	out	RP
32307	411	8	a	a	DT
32307	411	9	model	model	NN
32307	411	10	of	of	IN
32307	411	11	such	such	PDT
32307	411	12	an	an	DT
32307	411	13	atom	atom	NN
32307	411	14	in	in	IN
32307	411	15	which	which	WDT
32307	411	16	these	these	DT
32307	411	17	particles	particle	NNS
32307	411	18	were	be	VBD
32307	411	19	held	hold	VBN
32307	411	20	in	in	IN
32307	411	21	equilibrium	equilibrium	NN
32307	411	22	by	by	IN
32307	411	23	electrical	electrical	JJ
32307	411	24	forces	force	NNS
32307	411	25	.	.	.
32307	412	1	The	the	DT
32307	412	2	atom	atom	NN
32307	412	3	of	of	IN
32307	412	4	Lord	Lord	NNP
32307	412	5	Kelvin	Kelvin	NNP
32307	412	6	consisted	consist	VBD
32307	412	7	of	of	IN
32307	412	8	a	a	DT
32307	412	9	uniform	uniform	JJ
32307	412	10	sphere	sphere	NN
32307	412	11	of	of	IN
32307	412	12	positive	positive	JJ
32307	412	13	electrification	electrification	NN
32307	412	14	throughout	throughout	IN
32307	412	15	which	which	WDT
32307	412	16	a	a	DT
32307	412	17	number	number	NN
32307	412	18	of	of	IN
32307	412	19	negative	negative	JJ
32307	412	20	electrons	electron	NNS
32307	412	21	were	be	VBD
32307	412	22	distributed	distribute	VBN
32307	412	23	,	,	,
32307	412	24	and	and	CC
32307	412	25	J.	J.	NNP
32307	412	26	J.	J.	NNP
32307	412	27	Thomson	Thomson	NNP
32307	412	28	has	have	VBZ
32307	412	29	determined	determine	VBN
32307	412	30	the	the	DT
32307	412	31	properties	property	NNS
32307	412	32	of	of	IN
32307	412	33	this	this	DT
32307	412	34	type	type	NN
32307	412	35	as	as	IN
32307	412	36	to	to	IN
32307	412	37	the	the	DT
32307	412	38	number	number	NN
32307	412	39	of	of	IN
32307	412	40	particles	particle	NNS
32307	412	41	,	,	,
32307	412	42	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	412	43	arrangement	arrangement	NN
32307	412	44	and	and	CC
32307	412	45	stability	stability	NN
32307	412	46	.	.	.
32307	413	1	Rutherford	Rutherford	NNP
32307	413	2	's	's	POS
32307	413	3	Atom	atom	NN
32307	413	4	According	accord	VBG
32307	413	5	to	to	IN
32307	413	6	Rutherford	Rutherford	NNP
32307	413	7	,	,	,
32307	413	8	the	the	DT
32307	413	9	atom	atom	NN
32307	413	10	of	of	IN
32307	413	11	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	413	12	may	may	MD
32307	413	13	be	be	VB
32307	413	14	looked	look	VBN
32307	413	15	upon	upon	IN
32307	413	16	as	as	IN
32307	413	17	consisting	consist	VBG
32307	413	18	of	of	IN
32307	413	19	a	a	DT
32307	413	20	central	central	JJ
32307	413	21	charge	charge	NN
32307	413	22	of	of	IN
32307	413	23	positive	positive	JJ
32307	413	24	electricity	electricity	NN
32307	413	25	surrounded	surround	VBN
32307	413	26	by	by	IN
32307	413	27	a	a	DT
32307	413	28	number	number	NN
32307	413	29	of	of	IN
32307	413	30	concentric	concentric	JJ
32307	413	31	rings	ring	NNS
32307	413	32	of	of	IN
32307	413	33	negative	negative	JJ
32307	413	34	electrons	electron	NNS
32307	413	35	in	in	IN
32307	413	36	rapid	rapid	JJ
32307	413	37	motion	motion	NN
32307	413	38	.	.	.
32307	414	1	The	the	DT
32307	414	2	positively	positively	RB
32307	414	3	charged	charge	VBN
32307	414	4	centre	centre	NN
32307	414	5	is	be	VBZ
32307	414	6	made	make	VBN
32307	414	7	up	up	RP
32307	414	8	of	of	IN
32307	414	9	a	a	DT
32307	414	10	complicated	complicated	JJ
32307	414	11	system	system	NN
32307	414	12	in	in	IN
32307	414	13	movement	movement	NN
32307	414	14	,	,	,
32307	414	15	consisting	consist	VBG
32307	414	16	in	in	IN
32307	414	17	part	part	NN
32307	414	18	of	of	IN
32307	414	19	charged	charged	JJ
32307	414	20	helium	helium	NN
32307	414	21	and	and	CC
32307	414	22	hydrogen	hydrogen	NN
32307	414	23	atoms	atom	NNS
32307	414	24	,	,	,
32307	414	25	and	and	CC
32307	414	26	practically	practically	RB
32307	414	27	the	the	DT
32307	414	28	whole	whole	JJ
32307	414	29	charge	charge	NN
32307	414	30	and	and	CC
32307	414	31	mass	mass	NN
32307	414	32	of	of	IN
32307	414	33	the	the	DT
32307	414	34	atom	atom	NN
32307	414	35	is	be	VBZ
32307	414	36	concentrated	concentrate	VBN
32307	414	37	at	at	IN
32307	414	38	the	the	DT
32307	414	39	centre	centre	NN
32307	414	40	.	.	.
32307	415	1	The	the	DT
32307	415	2	central	central	JJ
32307	415	3	system	system	NN
32307	415	4	of	of	IN
32307	415	5	the	the	DT
32307	415	6	atom	atom	NN
32307	415	7	is	be	VBZ
32307	415	8	from	from	IN
32307	415	9	some	some	DT
32307	415	10	unknown	unknown	JJ
32307	415	11	cause	cause	NN
32307	415	12	unstable	unstable	JJ
32307	415	13	,	,	,
32307	415	14	and	and	CC
32307	415	15	one	one	CD
32307	415	16	of	of	IN
32307	415	17	the	the	DT
32307	415	18	helium	helium	NN
32307	415	19	atoms	atom	VBZ
32307	415	20	escapes	escape	NNS
32307	415	21	from	from	IN
32307	415	22	the	the	DT
32307	415	23	central	central	JJ
32307	415	24	mass	mass	NN
32307	415	25	as	as	IN
32307	415	26	an	an	DT
32307	415	27	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	415	28	particle	particle	NN
32307	415	29	.	.	.
32307	416	1	There	there	EX
32307	416	2	are	be	VBP
32307	416	3	,	,	,
32307	416	4	confessedly	confessedly	RB
32307	416	5	,	,	,
32307	416	6	difficulties	difficulty	NNS
32307	416	7	connected	connect	VBN
32307	416	8	with	with	IN
32307	416	9	this	this	DT
32307	416	10	conception	conception	NN
32307	416	11	of	of	IN
32307	416	12	the	the	DT
32307	416	13	atom	atom	NN
32307	416	14	which	which	WDT
32307	416	15	need	need	VBP
32307	416	16	not	not	RB
32307	416	17	,	,	,
32307	416	18	however	however	RB
32307	416	19	,	,	,
32307	416	20	be	be	VB
32307	416	21	discussed	discuss	VBN
32307	416	22	here	here	RB
32307	416	23	.	.	.
32307	417	1	Much	much	JJ
32307	417	2	remains	remain	VBZ
32307	417	3	to	to	TO
32307	417	4	be	be	VB
32307	417	5	learned	learn	VBN
32307	417	6	as	as	IN
32307	417	7	to	to	IN
32307	417	8	the	the	DT
32307	417	9	mechanics	mechanic	NNS
32307	417	10	of	of	IN
32307	417	11	the	the	DT
32307	417	12	atom	atom	NN
32307	417	13	,	,	,
32307	417	14	and	and	CC
32307	417	15	the	the	DT
32307	417	16	hypothesis	hypothesis	NN
32307	417	17	outlined	outline	VBN
32307	417	18	above	above	RB
32307	417	19	will	will	MD
32307	417	20	probably	probably	RB
32307	417	21	have	have	VB
32307	417	22	to	to	TO
32307	417	23	be	be	VB
32307	417	24	materially	materially	RB
32307	417	25	altered	alter	VBN
32307	417	26	as	as	IN
32307	417	27	knowledge	knowledge	NN
32307	417	28	grows	grow	VBZ
32307	417	29	.	.	.
32307	418	1	Perhaps	perhaps	RB
32307	418	2	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	418	3	may	may	MD
32307	418	4	have	have	VB
32307	418	5	to	to	TO
32307	418	6	be	be	VB
32307	418	7	entirely	entirely	RB
32307	418	8	abandoned	abandon	VBN
32307	418	9	in	in	IN
32307	418	10	favor	favor	NN
32307	418	11	of	of	IN
32307	418	12	some	some	DT
32307	418	13	more	more	RBR
32307	418	14	satisfactory	satisfactory	JJ
32307	418	15	solution	solution	NN
32307	418	16	.	.	.
32307	419	1	Until	until	IN
32307	419	2	such	such	JJ
32307	419	3	time	time	NN
32307	419	4	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	419	5	at	at	IN
32307	419	6	least	least	JJS
32307	419	7	suffices	suffice	VBZ
32307	419	8	as	as	IN
32307	419	9	a	a	DT
32307	419	10	mental	mental	JJ
32307	419	11	picture	picture	NN
32307	419	12	around	around	IN
32307	419	13	which	which	WDT
32307	419	14	the	the	DT
32307	419	15	known	know	VBN
32307	419	16	facts	fact	NNS
32307	419	17	group	group	VBP
32307	419	18	themselves	-PRON-	PRP
32307	419	19	.	.	.
32307	420	1	In	in	IN
32307	420	2	this	this	DT
32307	420	3	picture	picture	NN
32307	420	4	energy	energy	NN
32307	420	5	and	and	CC
32307	420	6	matter	matter	NN
32307	420	7	lose	lose	VB
32307	420	8	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	420	9	old	old	JJ
32307	420	10	-	-	HYPH
32307	420	11	time	time	NN
32307	420	12	distinctness	distinctness	NN
32307	420	13	of	of	IN
32307	420	14	definition	definition	NN
32307	420	15	.	.	.
32307	421	1	Discrete	discrete	JJ
32307	421	2	subdivisions	subdivision	NNS
32307	421	3	of	of	IN
32307	421	4	energy	energy	NN
32307	421	5	are	be	VBP
32307	421	6	recognized	recognize	VBN
32307	421	7	which	which	WDT
32307	421	8	may	may	MD
32307	421	9	be	be	VB
32307	421	10	called	call	VBN
32307	421	11	charged	charge	VBN
32307	421	12	particles	particle	NNS
32307	421	13	without	without	IN
32307	421	14	losing	lose	VBG
32307	421	15	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	421	16	significance	significance	NN
32307	421	17	.	.	.
32307	422	1	Some	some	DT
32307	422	2	of	of	IN
32307	422	3	these	these	DT
32307	422	4	subdivisions	subdivision	NNS
32307	422	5	charged	charge	VBN
32307	422	6	in	in	IN
32307	422	7	a	a	DT
32307	422	8	certain	certain	JJ
32307	422	9	way	way	NN
32307	422	10	or	or	CC
32307	422	11	with	with	IN
32307	422	12	neutralized	neutralized	JJ
32307	422	13	charge	charge	NN
32307	422	14	exhibit	exhibit	VB
32307	422	15	the	the	DT
32307	422	16	properties	property	NNS
32307	422	17	of	of	IN
32307	422	18	so	so	RB
32307	422	19	-	-	HYPH
32307	422	20	called	call	VBN
32307	422	21	matter	matter	NN
32307	422	22	.	.	.
32307	423	1	Scattering	scatter	VBG
32307	423	2	of	of	IN
32307	423	3	Alpha	alpha	NN
32307	423	4	Particles	particle	NNS
32307	423	5	This	this	DT
32307	423	6	conception	conception	NN
32307	423	7	of	of	IN
32307	423	8	the	the	DT
32307	423	9	atom	atom	NN
32307	423	10	would	would	MD
32307	423	11	doubtless	doubtless	RB
32307	423	12	fail	fail	VB
32307	423	13	of	of	IN
32307	423	14	much	much	JJ
32307	423	15	support	support	NN
32307	423	16	were	be	VBD
32307	423	17	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	423	18	not	not	RB
32307	423	19	for	for	IN
32307	423	20	certain	certain	JJ
32307	423	21	experimental	experimental	JJ
32307	423	22	facts	fact	NNS
32307	423	23	which	which	WDT
32307	423	24	lend	lend	VBP
32307	423	25	great	great	JJ
32307	423	26	weight	weight	NN
32307	423	27	to	to	IN
32307	423	28	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	423	29	.	.	.
32307	424	1	Certain	certain	JJ
32307	424	2	suppositions	supposition	NNS
32307	424	3	can	can	MD
32307	424	4	be	be	VB
32307	424	5	based	base	VBN
32307	424	6	on	on	IN
32307	424	7	this	this	DT
32307	424	8	theory	theory	NN
32307	424	9	mathematically	mathematically	RB
32307	424	10	reasoned	reason	VBD
32307	424	11	out	out	RP
32307	424	12	and	and	CC
32307	424	13	tested	test	VBN
32307	424	14	by	by	IN
32307	424	15	experiment	experiment	NN
32307	424	16	.	.	.
32307	425	1	Predictions	prediction	NNS
32307	425	2	thus	thus	RB
32307	425	3	based	base	VBN
32307	425	4	on	on	IN
32307	425	5	mathematical	mathematical	JJ
32307	425	6	reasoning	reasoning	NN
32307	425	7	and	and	CC
32307	425	8	afterward	afterward	RB
32307	425	9	confirmed	confirm	VBN
32307	425	10	by	by	IN
32307	425	11	experiment	experiment	NN
32307	425	12	give	give	VB
32307	425	13	a	a	DT
32307	425	14	very	very	RB
32307	425	15	convincing	convincing	JJ
32307	425	16	impression	impression	NN
32307	425	17	that	that	IN
32307	425	18	truth	truth	NN
32307	425	19	lies	lie	VBZ
32307	425	20	at	at	IN
32307	425	21	the	the	DT
32307	425	22	bottom	bottom	NN
32307	425	23	.	.	.
32307	426	1	The	the	DT
32307	426	2	first	first	JJ
32307	426	3	of	of	IN
32307	426	4	these	these	DT
32307	426	5	experimental	experimental	JJ
32307	426	6	proofs	proof	NNS
32307	426	7	comes	come	VBZ
32307	426	8	under	under	IN
32307	426	9	the	the	DT
32307	426	10	head	head	NN
32307	426	11	of	of	IN
32307	426	12	what	what	WP
32307	426	13	is	be	VBZ
32307	426	14	known	know	VBN
32307	426	15	as	as	IN
32307	426	16	the	the	DT
32307	426	17	scattering	scattering	NN
32307	426	18	of	of	IN
32307	426	19	the	the	DT
32307	426	20	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	426	21	particles	particle	NNS
32307	426	22	,	,	,
32307	426	23	a	a	DT
32307	426	24	phenomenon	phenomenon	NN
32307	426	25	which	which	WDT
32307	426	26	,	,	,
32307	426	27	when	when	WRB
32307	426	28	first	first	RB
32307	426	29	observed	observe	VBN
32307	426	30	,	,	,
32307	426	31	proved	prove	VBD
32307	426	32	hard	hard	RB
32307	426	33	to	to	TO
32307	426	34	explain	explain	VB
32307	426	35	.	.	.
32307	427	1	If	if	IN
32307	427	2	an	an	DT
32307	427	3	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	427	4	particle	particle	NN
32307	427	5	in	in	IN
32307	427	6	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	427	7	escape	escape	NN
32307	427	8	from	from	IN
32307	427	9	the	the	DT
32307	427	10	parent	parent	NN
32307	427	11	atom	atom	NN
32307	427	12	should	should	MD
32307	427	13	come	come	VB
32307	427	14	within	within	IN
32307	427	15	the	the	DT
32307	427	16	influence	influence	NN
32307	427	17	of	of	IN
32307	427	18	the	the	DT
32307	427	19	supposed	suppose	VBN
32307	427	20	outer	outer	JJ
32307	427	21	electrical	electrical	JJ
32307	427	22	field	field	NN
32307	427	23	of	of	IN
32307	427	24	some	some	DT
32307	427	25	other	other	JJ
32307	427	26	atom	atom	NN
32307	427	27	,	,	,
32307	427	28	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	427	29	should	should	MD
32307	427	30	be	be	VB
32307	427	31	deflected	deflect	VBN
32307	427	32	from	from	IN
32307	427	33	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	427	34	course	course	NN
32307	427	35	and	and	CC
32307	427	36	,	,	,
32307	427	37	the	the	DT
32307	427	38	intensity	intensity	NN
32307	427	39	of	of	IN
32307	427	40	the	the	DT
32307	427	41	two	two	CD
32307	427	42	charges	charge	NNS
32307	427	43	being	be	VBG
32307	427	44	known	know	VBN
32307	427	45	,	,	,
32307	427	46	the	the	DT
32307	427	47	angle	angle	NN
32307	427	48	of	of	IN
32307	427	49	deflection	deflection	NN
32307	427	50	could	could	MD
32307	427	51	be	be	VB
32307	427	52	calculated	calculate	VBN
32307	427	53	.	.	.
32307	428	1	For	for	IN
32307	428	2	instance	instance	NN
32307	428	3	,	,	,
32307	428	4	if	if	IN
32307	428	5	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	428	6	came	come	VBD
32307	428	7	to	to	IN
32307	428	8	what	what	WP
32307	428	9	might	may	MD
32307	428	10	be	be	VB
32307	428	11	called	call	VBN
32307	428	12	a	a	DT
32307	428	13	head	head	NN
32307	428	14	-	-	HYPH
32307	428	15	on	on	RP
32307	428	16	collision	collision	NN
32307	428	17	with	with	IN
32307	428	18	the	the	DT
32307	428	19	positive	positive	JJ
32307	428	20	central	central	JJ
32307	428	21	nucleus	nucleus	NN
32307	428	22	of	of	IN
32307	428	23	another	another	DT
32307	428	24	atom	atom	NN
32307	428	25	,	,	,
32307	428	26	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	428	27	would	would	MD
32307	428	28	recoil	recoil	VB
32307	428	29	if	if	IN
32307	428	30	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	428	31	were	be	VBD
32307	428	32	itself	-PRON-	PRP
32307	428	33	of	of	IN
32307	428	34	lesser	less	JJR
32307	428	35	mass	mass	NN
32307	428	36	,	,	,
32307	428	37	or	or	CC
32307	428	38	would	would	MD
32307	428	39	propel	propel	VB
32307	428	40	the	the	DT
32307	428	41	other	other	JJ
32307	428	42	forward	forward	RB
32307	428	43	if	if	IN
32307	428	44	that	that	DT
32307	428	45	were	be	VBD
32307	428	46	the	the	DT
32307	428	47	lighter	light	JJR
32307	428	48	.	.	.
32307	429	1	The	the	DT
32307	429	2	experiment	experiment	NN
32307	429	3	is	be	VBZ
32307	429	4	carried	carry	VBN
32307	429	5	out	out	RP
32307	429	6	by	by	IN
32307	429	7	placing	place	VBG
32307	429	8	a	a	DT
32307	429	9	thin	thin	JJ
32307	429	10	metal	metal	NN
32307	429	11	foil	foil	NN
32307	429	12	over	over	IN
32307	429	13	a	a	DT
32307	429	14	radio	radio	NN
32307	429	15	-	-	HYPH
32307	429	16	active	active	JJ
32307	429	17	body	body	NN
32307	429	18	,	,	,
32307	429	19	as	as	IN
32307	429	20	radium	radium	NN
32307	429	21	_	_	NNP
32307	429	22	C	C	NNP
32307	429	23	_	_	NNP
32307	429	24	,	,	,
32307	429	25	which	which	WDT
32307	429	26	expels	expel	VBZ
32307	429	27	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	429	28	particles	particle	NNS
32307	429	29	with	with	IN
32307	429	30	a	a	DT
32307	429	31	high	high	JJ
32307	429	32	velocity	velocity	NN
32307	429	33	,	,	,
32307	429	34	and	and	CC
32307	429	35	counting	count	VBG
32307	429	36	the	the	DT
32307	429	37	number	number	NN
32307	429	38	of	of	IN
32307	429	39	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	429	40	particles	particle	NNS
32307	429	41	which	which	WDT
32307	429	42	are	be	VBP
32307	429	43	scattered	scatter	VBN
32307	429	44	through	through	IN
32307	429	45	an	an	DT
32307	429	46	angle	angle	NN
32307	429	47	greater	great	JJR
32307	429	48	than	than	IN
32307	429	49	90	90	CD
32307	429	50	°	°	NNS
32307	429	51	and	and	CC
32307	429	52	so	so	RB
32307	429	53	recoil	recoil	VB
32307	429	54	toward	toward	IN
32307	429	55	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	429	56	source	source	NN
32307	429	57	.	.	.
32307	430	1	This	this	DT
32307	430	2	has	have	VBZ
32307	430	3	been	be	VBN
32307	430	4	done	do	VBN
32307	430	5	by	by	IN
32307	430	6	a	a	DT
32307	430	7	number	number	NN
32307	430	8	of	of	IN
32307	430	9	investigators	investigator	NNS
32307	430	10	and	and	CC
32307	430	11	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	430	12	has	have	VBZ
32307	430	13	been	be	VBN
32307	430	14	found	find	VBN
32307	430	15	that	that	IN
32307	430	16	the	the	DT
32307	430	17	angle	angle	NN
32307	430	18	of	of	IN
32307	430	19	scattering	scattering	NN
32307	430	20	and	and	CC
32307	430	21	the	the	DT
32307	430	22	number	number	NN
32307	430	23	of	of	IN
32307	430	24	recoil	recoil	NN
32307	430	25	particles	particle	NNS
32307	430	26	depend	depend	VBP
32307	430	27	upon	upon	IN
32307	430	28	the	the	DT
32307	430	29	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	430	30	weight	weight	NN
32307	430	31	of	of	IN
32307	430	32	the	the	DT
32307	430	33	metal	metal	NN
32307	430	34	used	use	VBN
32307	430	35	as	as	IN
32307	430	36	foil	foil	NN
32307	430	37	.	.	.
32307	431	1	For	for	IN
32307	431	2	example	example	NN
32307	431	3	,	,	,
32307	431	4	if	if	IN
32307	431	5	gold	gold	NN
32307	431	6	is	be	VBZ
32307	431	7	used	use	VBN
32307	431	8	,	,	,
32307	431	9	the	the	DT
32307	431	10	number	number	NN
32307	431	11	of	of	IN
32307	431	12	recoil	recoil	NN
32307	431	13	atoms	atom	NNS
32307	431	14	is	be	VBZ
32307	431	15	one	one	CD
32307	431	16	in	in	IN
32307	431	17	something	something	NN
32307	431	18	less	less	JJR
32307	431	19	than	than	IN
32307	431	20	8,000	8,000	CD
32307	431	21	.	.	.
32307	432	1	Taking	take	VBG
32307	432	2	the	the	DT
32307	432	3	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	432	4	weight	weight	NN
32307	432	5	of	of	IN
32307	432	6	gold	gold	NN
32307	432	7	into	into	IN
32307	432	8	consideration	consideration	NN
32307	432	9	,	,	,
32307	432	10	Rutherford	Rutherford	NNP
32307	432	11	calculated	calculate	VBD
32307	432	12	mathematically	mathematically	RB
32307	432	13	that	that	IN
32307	432	14	this	this	DT
32307	432	15	was	be	VBD
32307	432	16	about	about	IN
32307	432	17	the	the	DT
32307	432	18	number	number	NN
32307	432	19	which	which	WDT
32307	432	20	should	should	MD
32307	432	21	be	be	VB
32307	432	22	driven	drive	VBN
32307	432	23	backward	backward	JJ
32307	432	24	.	.	.
32307	433	1	But	but	CC
32307	433	2	he	-PRON-	PRP
32307	433	3	went	go	VBD
32307	433	4	further	far	RBR
32307	433	5	and	and	CC
32307	433	6	calculated	calculate	VBD
32307	433	7	also	also	RB
32307	433	8	the	the	DT
32307	433	9	number	number	NN
32307	433	10	which	which	WDT
32307	433	11	should	should	MD
32307	433	12	be	be	VB
32307	433	13	returned	return	VBN
32307	433	14	by	by	IN
32307	433	15	aluminum	aluminum	NN
32307	433	16	,	,	,
32307	433	17	which	which	WDT
32307	433	18	has	have	VBZ
32307	433	19	an	an	DT
32307	433	20	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	433	21	weight	weight	NN
32307	433	22	of	of	IN
32307	433	23	only	only	RB
32307	433	24	about	about	RB
32307	433	25	one	one	CD
32307	433	26	-	-	HYPH
32307	433	27	seventh	seventh	JJ
32307	433	28	that	that	DT
32307	433	29	of	of	IN
32307	433	30	gold	gold	NN
32307	433	31	.	.	.
32307	434	1	Two	two	CD
32307	434	2	investigators	investigator	NNS
32307	434	3	determined	determine	VBD
32307	434	4	experimentally	experimentally	RB
32307	434	5	the	the	DT
32307	434	6	number	number	NN
32307	434	7	for	for	IN
32307	434	8	aluminum	aluminum	NN
32307	434	9	and	and	CC
32307	434	10	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	434	11	results	result	NNS
32307	434	12	agreed	agree	VBD
32307	434	13	with	with	IN
32307	434	14	Rutherford	Rutherford	NNP
32307	434	15	's	's	POS
32307	434	16	calculations	calculation	NNS
32307	434	17	.	.	.
32307	435	1	The	the	DT
32307	435	2	metals	metal	NNS
32307	435	3	from	from	IN
32307	435	4	aluminum	aluminum	NN
32307	435	5	to	to	IN
32307	435	6	gold	gold	NN
32307	435	7	have	have	VBP
32307	435	8	been	be	VBN
32307	435	9	examined	examine	VBN
32307	435	10	in	in	IN
32307	435	11	this	this	DT
32307	435	12	way	way	NN
32307	435	13	.	.	.
32307	436	1	The	the	DT
32307	436	2	number	number	NN
32307	436	3	of	of	IN
32307	436	4	recoil	recoil	NN
32307	436	5	particles	particle	NNS
32307	436	6	increases	increase	NNS
32307	436	7	with	with	IN
32307	436	8	the	the	DT
32307	436	9	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	436	10	weight	weight	NN
32307	436	11	of	of	IN
32307	436	12	the	the	DT
32307	436	13	metal	metal	NN
32307	436	14	.	.	.
32307	437	1	Comparing	compare	VBG
32307	437	2	experiment	experiment	NN
32307	437	3	with	with	IN
32307	437	4	theory	theory	NN
32307	437	5	,	,	,
32307	437	6	the	the	DT
32307	437	7	central	central	JJ
32307	437	8	charge	charge	NN
32307	437	9	in	in	IN
32307	437	10	an	an	DT
32307	437	11	atom	atom	NN
32307	437	12	corresponds	correspond	VBZ
32307	437	13	to	to	IN
32307	437	14	about	about	RB
32307	437	15	one	one	CD
32307	437	16	-	-	HYPH
32307	437	17	half	half	NN
32307	437	18	the	the	DT
32307	437	19	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	437	20	weight	weight	NN
32307	437	21	multiplied	multiply	VBN
32307	437	22	by	by	IN
32307	437	23	the	the	DT
32307	437	24	charge	charge	NN
32307	437	25	on	on	IN
32307	437	26	an	an	DT
32307	437	27	electron	electron	NN
32307	437	28	,	,	,
32307	437	29	or	or	CC
32307	437	30	,	,	,
32307	437	31	as	as	IN
32307	437	32	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	437	33	is	be	VBZ
32307	437	34	expressed	express	VBN
32307	437	35	,	,	,
32307	437	36	1/2	1/2	CD
32307	437	37	Ae	ae	RB
32307	437	38	.	.	.
32307	438	1	There	there	EX
32307	438	2	is	be	VBZ
32307	438	3	only	only	RB
32307	438	4	one	one	CD
32307	438	5	lighter	light	JJR
32307	438	6	atom	atom	NN
32307	438	7	than	than	IN
32307	438	8	helium	helium	NN
32307	438	9	,	,	,
32307	438	10	namely	namely	RB
32307	438	11	,	,	,
32307	438	12	hydrogen	hydrogen	NN
32307	438	13	,	,	,
32307	438	14	which	which	WDT
32307	438	15	has	have	VBZ
32307	438	16	a	a	DT
32307	438	17	mass	mass	JJ
32307	438	18	only	only	RB
32307	438	19	one	one	CD
32307	438	20	-	-	HYPH
32307	438	21	fourth	fourth	RB
32307	438	22	as	as	RB
32307	438	23	great	great	JJ
32307	438	24	.	.	.
32307	439	1	When	when	WRB
32307	439	2	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	439	3	particles	particle	NNS
32307	439	4	are	be	VBP
32307	439	5	discharged	discharge	VBN
32307	439	6	into	into	IN
32307	439	7	hydrogen	hydrogen	NN
32307	439	8	,	,	,
32307	439	9	a	a	DT
32307	439	10	few	few	JJ
32307	439	11	of	of	IN
32307	439	12	the	the	DT
32307	439	13	latter	latter	JJ
32307	439	14	atoms	atom	NNS
32307	439	15	are	be	VBP
32307	439	16	found	find	VBN
32307	439	17	to	to	TO
32307	439	18	be	be	VB
32307	439	19	propelled	propel	VBN
32307	439	20	to	to	IN
32307	439	21	a	a	DT
32307	439	22	distance	distance	NN
32307	439	23	four	four	CD
32307	439	24	times	time	NNS
32307	439	25	as	as	RB
32307	439	26	great	great	JJ
32307	439	27	as	as	IN
32307	439	28	that	that	DT
32307	439	29	reached	reach	VBN
32307	439	30	by	by	IN
32307	439	31	the	the	DT
32307	439	32	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	439	33	particles	particle	NNS
32307	439	34	.	.	.
32307	440	1	Stopping	stop	VBG
32307	440	2	Power	Power	NNP
32307	440	3	of	of	IN
32307	440	4	Substances	Substances	NNP
32307	440	5	Parallel	Parallel	NNP
32307	440	6	with	with	IN
32307	440	7	the	the	DT
32307	440	8	experiments	experiment	NNS
32307	440	9	mentioned	mention	VBN
32307	440	10	,	,	,
32307	440	11	there	there	EX
32307	440	12	is	be	VBZ
32307	440	13	what	what	WP
32307	440	14	is	be	VBZ
32307	440	15	called	call	VBN
32307	440	16	the	the	DT
32307	440	17	stopping	stop	VBG
32307	440	18	power	power	NN
32307	440	19	of	of	IN
32307	440	20	substances	substance	NNS
32307	440	21	.	.	.
32307	441	1	This	this	DT
32307	441	2	means	mean	VBZ
32307	441	3	the	the	DT
32307	441	4	depth	depth	NN
32307	441	5	or	or	CC
32307	441	6	thickness	thickness	NN
32307	441	7	of	of	IN
32307	441	8	a	a	DT
32307	441	9	substance	substance	NN
32307	441	10	necessary	necessary	JJ
32307	441	11	to	to	TO
32307	441	12	put	put	VB
32307	441	13	a	a	DT
32307	441	14	stop	stop	NN
32307	441	15	to	to	IN
32307	441	16	the	the	DT
32307	441	17	course	course	NN
32307	441	18	of	of	IN
32307	441	19	the	the	DT
32307	441	20	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	441	21	particles	particle	NNS
32307	441	22	.	.	.
32307	442	1	This	this	DT
32307	442	2	gives	give	VBZ
32307	442	3	the	the	DT
32307	442	4	range	range	NN
32307	442	5	of	of	IN
32307	442	6	the	the	DT
32307	442	7	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	442	8	particles	particle	NNS
32307	442	9	in	in	IN
32307	442	10	such	such	JJ
32307	442	11	substances	substance	NNS
32307	442	12	and	and	CC
32307	442	13	is	be	VBZ
32307	442	14	connected	connect	VBN
32307	442	15	in	in	IN
32307	442	16	a	a	DT
32307	442	17	simple	simple	JJ
32307	442	18	way	way	NN
32307	442	19	with	with	IN
32307	442	20	the	the	DT
32307	442	21	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	442	22	weight	weight	NN
32307	442	23	,	,	,
32307	442	24	that	that	RB
32307	442	25	is	is	RB
32307	442	26	,	,	,
32307	442	27	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	442	28	is	be	VBZ
32307	442	29	again	again	RB
32307	442	30	fixed	fix	VBN
32307	442	31	by	by	IN
32307	442	32	the	the	DT
32307	442	33	mass	mass	NN
32307	442	34	of	of	IN
32307	442	35	the	the	DT
32307	442	36	opposing	oppose	VBG
32307	442	37	atom	atom	NN
32307	442	38	.	.	.
32307	443	1	This	this	DT
32307	443	2	stopping	stop	VBG
32307	443	3	power	power	NN
32307	443	4	of	of	IN
32307	443	5	an	an	DT
32307	443	6	atom	atom	NN
32307	443	7	for	for	IN
32307	443	8	an	an	DT
32307	443	9	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	443	10	particle	particle	NN
32307	443	11	is	be	VBZ
32307	443	12	approximately	approximately	RB
32307	443	13	proportional	proportional	JJ
32307	443	14	to	to	IN
32307	443	15	the	the	DT
32307	443	16	square	square	JJ
32307	443	17	root	root	NN
32307	443	18	of	of	IN
32307	443	19	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	443	20	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	443	21	weight	weight	NN
32307	443	22	.	.	.
32307	444	1	Considering	consider	VBG
32307	444	2	gases	gas	NNS
32307	444	3	,	,	,
32307	444	4	for	for	IN
32307	444	5	instance	instance	NN
32307	444	6	,	,	,
32307	444	7	if	if	IN
32307	444	8	the	the	DT
32307	444	9	range	range	NN
32307	444	10	in	in	IN
32307	444	11	hydrogen	hydrogen	NNP
32307	444	12	be	be	VB
32307	444	13	1	1	CD
32307	444	14	,	,	,
32307	444	15	then	then	RB
32307	444	16	the	the	DT
32307	444	17	range	range	NN
32307	444	18	in	in	IN
32307	444	19	oxygen	oxygen	NN
32307	444	20	,	,	,
32307	444	21	the	the	DT
32307	444	22	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	444	23	weight	weight	NN
32307	444	24	of	of	IN
32307	444	25	which	which	WDT
32307	444	26	is	be	VBZ
32307	444	27	16	16	CD
32307	444	28	,	,	,
32307	444	29	is	be	VBZ
32307	444	30	only	only	RB
32307	444	31	(	(	-LRB-
32307	444	32	1/16)^{1/2	1/16)^{1/2	CD
32307	444	33	}	}	-RRB-
32307	444	34	or	or	CC
32307	444	35	1/4	1/4	CD
32307	444	36	.	.	.
32307	445	1	Generally	generally	RB
32307	445	2	in	in	IN
32307	445	3	the	the	DT
32307	445	4	case	case	NN
32307	445	5	of	of	IN
32307	445	6	metals	metal	NNS
32307	445	7	the	the	DT
32307	445	8	weight	weight	NN
32307	445	9	of	of	IN
32307	445	10	matter	matter	NN
32307	445	11	per	per	IN
32307	445	12	unit	unit	NN
32307	445	13	area	area	NN
32307	445	14	required	require	VBN
32307	445	15	to	to	TO
32307	445	16	stop	stop	VB
32307	445	17	the	the	DT
32307	445	18	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	445	19	particle	particle	NN
32307	445	20	is	be	VBZ
32307	445	21	found	find	VBN
32307	445	22	to	to	TO
32307	445	23	vary	vary	VB
32307	445	24	according	accord	VBG
32307	445	25	to	to	IN
32307	445	26	the	the	DT
32307	445	27	square	square	JJ
32307	445	28	root	root	NN
32307	445	29	of	of	IN
32307	445	30	the	the	DT
32307	445	31	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	445	32	weight	weight	NN
32307	445	33	of	of	IN
32307	445	34	the	the	DT
32307	445	35	metal	metal	NN
32307	445	36	taken	take	VBN
32307	445	37	.	.	.
32307	446	1	CHAPTER	CHAPTER	NNP
32307	446	2	VI	VI	NNP
32307	446	3	RADIO	radio	NN
32307	446	4	-	-	HYPH
32307	446	5	ACTIVITY	activity	NN
32307	446	6	AND	and	CC
32307	446	7	CHEMICAL	chemical	NN
32307	446	8	THEORY	THEORY	NNS
32307	446	9	Influence	influence	NN
32307	446	10	upon	upon	IN
32307	446	11	Chemical	Chemical	NNP
32307	446	12	Theory	Theory	NNP
32307	446	13	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	446	14	can	can	MD
32307	446	15	easily	easily	RB
32307	446	16	be	be	VB
32307	446	17	seen	see	VBN
32307	446	18	that	that	IN
32307	446	19	the	the	DT
32307	446	20	revelations	revelation	NNS
32307	446	21	of	of	IN
32307	446	22	radio	radio	NN
32307	446	23	-	-	HYPH
32307	446	24	activity	activity	NN
32307	446	25	must	must	MD
32307	446	26	have	have	VB
32307	446	27	a	a	DT
32307	446	28	far	far	RB
32307	446	29	-	-	HYPH
32307	446	30	reaching	reach	VBG
32307	446	31	effect	effect	NN
32307	446	32	upon	upon	IN
32307	446	33	chemical	chemical	NN
32307	446	34	theory	theory	NN
32307	446	35	,	,	,
32307	446	36	throwing	throw	VBG
32307	446	37	light	light	NN
32307	446	38	upon	upon	IN
32307	446	39	,	,	,
32307	446	40	and	and	CC
32307	446	41	so	so	RB
32307	446	42	bringing	bring	VBG
32307	446	43	nearer	nearer	NN
32307	446	44	,	,	,
32307	446	45	the	the	DT
32307	446	46	solution	solution	NN
32307	446	47	of	of	IN
32307	446	48	some	some	DT
32307	446	49	of	of	IN
32307	446	50	the	the	DT
32307	446	51	problems	problem	NNS
32307	446	52	which	which	WDT
32307	446	53	have	have	VBP
32307	446	54	been	be	VBN
32307	446	55	long	long	RB
32307	446	56	discussed	discuss	VBN
32307	446	57	without	without	IN
32307	446	58	arriving	arrive	VBG
32307	446	59	at	at	IN
32307	446	60	any	any	DT
32307	446	61	satisfactory	satisfactory	JJ
32307	446	62	solution	solution	NN
32307	446	63	.	.	.
32307	447	1	The	the	DT
32307	447	2	so	so	RB
32307	447	3	-	-	HYPH
32307	447	4	called	call	VBN
32307	447	5	electro	electro	NNP
32307	447	6	-	-	HYPH
32307	447	7	chemical	chemical	NN
32307	447	8	nature	nature	NN
32307	447	9	of	of	IN
32307	447	10	the	the	DT
32307	447	11	elements	element	NNS
32307	447	12	will	will	MD
32307	447	13	certainly	certainly	RB
32307	447	14	be	be	VB
32307	447	15	made	make	VBN
32307	447	16	much	much	RB
32307	447	17	clearer	clear	JJR
32307	447	18	.	.	.
32307	448	1	The	the	DT
32307	448	2	changes	change	NNS
32307	448	3	in	in	IN
32307	448	4	valence	valence	NN
32307	448	5	should	should	MD
32307	448	6	become	become	VB
32307	448	7	intelligible	intelligible	JJ
32307	448	8	and	and	CC
32307	448	9	valence	valence	NN
32307	448	10	itself	-PRON-	PRP
32307	448	11	should	should	MD
32307	448	12	be	be	VB
32307	448	13	explained	explain	VBN
32307	448	14	.	.	.
32307	449	1	A	a	DT
32307	449	2	fuller	full	JJR
32307	449	3	understanding	understanding	NN
32307	449	4	of	of	IN
32307	449	5	the	the	DT
32307	449	6	ionization	ionization	NN
32307	449	7	of	of	IN
32307	449	8	electrolytes	electrolyte	NNS
32307	449	9	also	also	RB
32307	449	10	becomes	become	VBZ
32307	449	11	possible	possible	JJ
32307	449	12	.	.	.
32307	450	1	As	as	IN
32307	450	2	these	these	DT
32307	450	3	matters	matter	NNS
32307	450	4	are	be	VBP
32307	450	5	debatable	debatable	JJ
32307	450	6	and	and	CC
32307	450	7	the	the	DT
32307	450	8	details	detail	NNS
32307	450	9	are	be	VBP
32307	450	10	still	still	RB
32307	450	11	unsettled	unsettled	JJ
32307	450	12	,	,	,
32307	450	13	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	450	14	is	be	VBZ
32307	450	15	scarcely	scarcely	RB
32307	450	16	appropriate	appropriate	JJ
32307	450	17	to	to	TO
32307	450	18	give	give	VB
32307	450	19	here	here	RB
32307	450	20	the	the	DT
32307	450	21	hypotheses	hypothesis	NNS
32307	450	22	in	in	IN
32307	450	23	detail	detail	NN
32307	450	24	or	or	CC
32307	450	25	to	to	TO
32307	450	26	enter	enter	VB
32307	450	27	into	into	IN
32307	450	28	any	any	DT
32307	450	29	discussion	discussion	NN
32307	450	30	of	of	IN
32307	450	31	them	-PRON-	PRP
32307	450	32	.	.	.
32307	451	1	But	but	CC
32307	451	2	the	the	DT
32307	451	3	promise	promise	NN
32307	451	4	of	of	IN
32307	451	5	solution	solution	NN
32307	451	6	in	in	IN
32307	451	7	accord	accord	NN
32307	451	8	with	with	IN
32307	451	9	the	the	DT
32307	451	10	facts	fact	NNS
32307	451	11	is	be	VBZ
32307	451	12	encouraging	encouraging	JJ
32307	451	13	.	.	.
32307	452	1	The	the	DT
32307	452	2	Periodic	periodic	JJ
32307	452	3	System	System	NNP
32307	452	4	Such	such	JJ
32307	452	5	progress	progress	NN
32307	452	6	has	have	VBZ
32307	452	7	been	be	VBN
32307	452	8	made	make	VBN
32307	452	9	,	,	,
32307	452	10	however	however	RB
32307	452	11	,	,	,
32307	452	12	in	in	IN
32307	452	13	regard	regard	NN
32307	452	14	to	to	IN
32307	452	15	a	a	DT
32307	452	16	better	well	JJR
32307	452	17	understanding	understanding	NN
32307	452	18	of	of	IN
32307	452	19	the	the	DT
32307	452	20	Periodic	Periodic	NNP
32307	452	21	System	System	NNP
32307	452	22	that	that	IN
32307	452	23	the	the	DT
32307	452	24	new	new	JJ
32307	452	25	facts	fact	NNS
32307	452	26	and	and	CC
32307	452	27	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	452	28	interpretation	interpretation	NN
32307	452	29	may	may	MD
32307	452	30	well	well	RB
32307	452	31	be	be	VB
32307	452	32	given	give	VBN
32307	452	33	.	.	.
32307	453	1	No	no	DT
32307	453	2	reliable	reliable	JJ
32307	453	3	clue	clue	NN
32307	453	4	to	to	IN
32307	453	5	the	the	DT
32307	453	6	meaning	meaning	NN
32307	453	7	of	of	IN
32307	453	8	this	this	DT
32307	453	9	system	system	NN
32307	453	10	and	and	CC
32307	453	11	the	the	DT
32307	453	12	true	true	JJ
32307	453	13	relationship	relationship	NN
32307	453	14	between	between	IN
32307	453	15	the	the	DT
32307	453	16	elements	element	NNS
32307	453	17	had	have	VBD
32307	453	18	been	be	VBN
32307	453	19	found	find	VBN
32307	453	20	up	up	RP
32307	453	21	to	to	IN
32307	453	22	the	the	DT
32307	453	23	time	time	NN
32307	453	24	when	when	WRB
32307	453	25	new	new	JJ
32307	453	26	light	light	NN
32307	453	27	was	be	VBD
32307	453	28	thrown	throw	VBN
32307	453	29	upon	upon	IN
32307	453	30	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	453	31	by	by	IN
32307	453	32	the	the	DT
32307	453	33	discoveries	discovery	NNS
32307	453	34	of	of	IN
32307	453	35	radio	radio	NN
32307	453	36	-	-	HYPH
32307	453	37	activity	activity	NN
32307	453	38	.	.	.
32307	454	1	The	the	DT
32307	454	2	underlying	underlie	VBG
32307	454	3	principle	principle	NN
32307	454	4	was	be	VBD
32307	454	5	unknown	unknown	JJ
32307	454	6	and	and	CC
32307	454	7	even	even	RB
32307	454	8	the	the	DT
32307	454	9	statement	statement	NN
32307	454	10	of	of	IN
32307	454	11	what	what	WP
32307	454	12	was	be	VBD
32307	454	13	sometimes	sometimes	RB
32307	454	14	erroneously	erroneously	RB
32307	454	15	called	call	VBN
32307	454	16	the	the	DT
32307	454	17	Periodic	Periodic	NNP
32307	454	18	Law	Law	NNP
32307	454	19	was	be	VBD
32307	454	20	manifestly	manifestly	RB
32307	454	21	incorrect	incorrect	JJ
32307	454	22	and	and	CC
32307	454	23	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	454	24	terms	term	NNS
32307	454	25	were	be	VBD
32307	454	26	ignored	ignore	VBN
32307	454	27	.	.	.
32307	455	1	Basis	basis	NN
32307	455	2	of	of	IN
32307	455	3	the	the	DT
32307	455	4	Periodic	periodic	JJ
32307	455	5	System	System	NNP
32307	455	6	The	the	DT
32307	455	7	ordinary	ordinary	JJ
32307	455	8	statement	statement	NN
32307	455	9	of	of	IN
32307	455	10	the	the	DT
32307	455	11	fundamental	fundamental	JJ
32307	455	12	principle	principle	NN
32307	455	13	of	of	IN
32307	455	14	the	the	DT
32307	455	15	Periodic	Periodic	NNP
32307	455	16	System	System	NNP
32307	455	17	has	have	VBZ
32307	455	18	been	be	VBN
32307	455	19	that	that	IN
32307	455	20	the	the	DT
32307	455	21	properties	property	NNS
32307	455	22	of	of	IN
32307	455	23	the	the	DT
32307	455	24	elements	element	NNS
32307	455	25	were	be	VBD
32307	455	26	periodic	periodic	JJ
32307	455	27	functions	function	NNS
32307	455	28	of	of	IN
32307	455	29	the	the	DT
32307	455	30	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	455	31	weights	weight	NNS
32307	455	32	,	,	,
32307	455	33	and	and	CC
32307	455	34	that	that	IN
32307	455	35	when	when	WRB
32307	455	36	the	the	DT
32307	455	37	elements	element	NNS
32307	455	38	were	be	VBD
32307	455	39	arranged	arrange	VBN
32307	455	40	in	in	IN
32307	455	41	the	the	DT
32307	455	42	order	order	NN
32307	455	43	of	of	IN
32307	455	44	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	455	45	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	455	46	weights	weight	NNS
32307	455	47	they	-PRON-	PRP
32307	455	48	fell	fall	VBD
32307	455	49	into	into	IN
32307	455	50	a	a	DT
32307	455	51	natural	natural	JJ
32307	455	52	series	series	NN
32307	455	53	,	,	,
32307	455	54	taking	take	VBG
32307	455	55	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	455	56	places	place	NNS
32307	455	57	in	in	IN
32307	455	58	the	the	DT
32307	455	59	proper	proper	JJ
32307	455	60	related	related	JJ
32307	455	61	groups	group	NNS
32307	455	62	.	.	.
32307	456	1	In	in	IN
32307	456	2	accepting	accept	VBG
32307	456	3	this	this	DT
32307	456	4	,	,	,
32307	456	5	the	the	DT
32307	456	6	interpretation	interpretation	NN
32307	456	7	of	of	IN
32307	456	8	function	function	NN
32307	456	9	was	be	VBD
32307	456	10	both	both	CC
32307	456	11	unmathematical	unmathematical	JJ
32307	456	12	and	and	CC
32307	456	13	vague	vague	JJ
32307	456	14	,	,	,
32307	456	15	and	and	CC
32307	456	16	the	the	DT
32307	456	17	order	order	NN
32307	456	18	of	of	IN
32307	456	19	the	the	DT
32307	456	20	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	456	21	weights	weight	NNS
32307	456	22	was	be	VBD
32307	456	23	not	not	RB
32307	456	24	strictly	strictly	RB
32307	456	25	adhered	adhere	VBN
32307	456	26	to	to	IN
32307	456	27	but	but	CC
32307	456	28	unhesitatingly	unhesitatingly	RB
32307	456	29	abandoned	abandon	VBN
32307	456	30	to	to	TO
32307	456	31	force	force	VB
32307	456	32	the	the	DT
32307	456	33	group	group	NN
32307	456	34	relationship	relationship	NN
32307	456	35	.	.	.
32307	457	1	Wherever	wherever	WRB
32307	457	2	consideration	consideration	NN
32307	457	3	of	of	IN
32307	457	4	the	the	DT
32307	457	5	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	457	6	weight	weight	NN
32307	457	7	would	would	MD
32307	457	8	have	have	VB
32307	457	9	placed	place	VBN
32307	457	10	an	an	DT
32307	457	11	element	element	NN
32307	457	12	out	out	IN
32307	457	13	of	of	IN
32307	457	14	the	the	DT
32307	457	15	grouping	grouping	NN
32307	457	16	with	with	IN
32307	457	17	other	other	JJ
32307	457	18	elements	element	NNS
32307	457	19	to	to	TO
32307	457	20	which	which	WDT
32307	457	21	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	457	22	was	be	VBD
32307	457	23	clearly	clearly	RB
32307	457	24	related	relate	VBN
32307	457	25	in	in	IN
32307	457	26	physical	physical	JJ
32307	457	27	and	and	CC
32307	457	28	chemical	chemical	NN
32307	457	29	properties	property	NNS
32307	457	30	,	,	,
32307	457	31	the	the	DT
32307	457	32	guidance	guidance	NN
32307	457	33	of	of	IN
32307	457	34	these	these	DT
32307	457	35	properties	property	NNS
32307	457	36	was	be	VBD
32307	457	37	accepted	accept	VBN
32307	457	38	and	and	CC
32307	457	39	that	that	DT
32307	457	40	of	of	IN
32307	457	41	the	the	DT
32307	457	42	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	457	43	weights	weight	NNS
32307	457	44	disregarded	disregard	VBD
32307	457	45	.	.	.
32307	458	1	Such	such	JJ
32307	458	2	shiftings	shifting	NNS
32307	458	3	are	be	VBP
32307	458	4	noted	note	VBN
32307	458	5	in	in	IN
32307	458	6	the	the	DT
32307	458	7	cases	case	NNS
32307	458	8	of	of	IN
32307	458	9	tellurium	tellurium	NN
32307	458	10	and	and	CC
32307	458	11	iodine	iodine	NN
32307	458	12	;	;	,
32307	458	13	cobalt	cobalt	NN
32307	458	14	and	and	CC
32307	458	15	nickel	nickel	NN
32307	458	16	;	;	:
32307	458	17	argon	argon	NN
32307	458	18	and	and	CC
32307	458	19	potassium	potassium	NN
32307	458	20	.	.	.
32307	459	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	459	2	was	be	VBD
32307	459	3	most	most	RBS
32307	459	4	helpful	helpful	JJ
32307	459	5	that	that	IN
32307	459	6	,	,	,
32307	459	7	following	follow	VBG
32307	459	8	the	the	DT
32307	459	9	order	order	NN
32307	459	10	of	of	IN
32307	459	11	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	459	12	weights	weight	NNS
32307	459	13	,	,	,
32307	459	14	the	the	DT
32307	459	15	majority	majority	NN
32307	459	16	of	of	IN
32307	459	17	the	the	DT
32307	459	18	elements	element	NNS
32307	459	19	fell	fall	VBD
32307	459	20	naturally	naturally	RB
32307	459	21	into	into	IN
32307	459	22	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	459	23	places	place	NNS
32307	459	24	.	.	.
32307	460	1	Otherwise	otherwise	RB
32307	460	2	the	the	DT
32307	460	3	generalization	generalization	NN
32307	460	4	known	know	VBN
32307	460	5	as	as	IN
32307	460	6	the	the	DT
32307	460	7	Periodic	Periodic	NNP
32307	460	8	System	System	NNP
32307	460	9	might	may	MD
32307	460	10	have	have	VB
32307	460	11	remained	remain	VBN
32307	460	12	for	for	IN
32307	460	13	a	a	DT
32307	460	14	long	long	JJ
32307	460	15	time	time	NN
32307	460	16	undiscovered	undiscovered	JJ
32307	460	17	and	and	CC
32307	460	18	the	the	DT
32307	460	19	progress	progress	NN
32307	460	20	of	of	IN
32307	460	21	chemistry	chemistry	NN
32307	460	22	would	would	MD
32307	460	23	have	have	VB
32307	460	24	been	be	VBN
32307	460	25	greatly	greatly	RB
32307	460	26	retarded	retarded	JJ
32307	460	27	.	.	.
32307	461	1	Influence	influence	NN
32307	461	2	of	of	IN
32307	461	3	Positive	Positive	NNP
32307	461	4	Nucleus	Nucleus	NNP
32307	461	5	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	461	6	is	be	VBZ
32307	461	7	evident	evident	JJ
32307	461	8	that	that	IN
32307	461	9	the	the	DT
32307	461	10	order	order	NN
32307	461	11	of	of	IN
32307	461	12	the	the	DT
32307	461	13	elements	element	NNS
32307	461	14	is	be	VBZ
32307	461	15	determined	determine	VBN
32307	461	16	by	by	IN
32307	461	17	something	something	NN
32307	461	18	else	else	RB
32307	461	19	than	than	IN
32307	461	20	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	461	21	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	461	22	weights	weight	NNS
32307	461	23	.	.	.
32307	462	1	From	from	IN
32307	462	2	the	the	DT
32307	462	3	known	know	VBN
32307	462	4	facts	fact	NNS
32307	462	5	of	of	IN
32307	462	6	radio	radio	NN
32307	462	7	-	-	HYPH
32307	462	8	activity	activity	NN
32307	462	9	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	462	10	would	would	MD
32307	462	11	seem	seem	VB
32307	462	12	that	that	IN
32307	462	13	this	this	DT
32307	462	14	determining	determine	VBG
32307	462	15	factor	factor	NN
32307	462	16	is	be	VBZ
32307	462	17	the	the	DT
32307	462	18	positive	positive	JJ
32307	462	19	nucleus	nucleus	NN
32307	462	20	.	.	.
32307	463	1	And	and	CC
32307	463	2	this	this	DT
32307	463	3	nucleus	nucleus	NN
32307	463	4	also	also	RB
32307	463	5	determines	determine	VBZ
32307	463	6	the	the	DT
32307	463	7	mass	mass	NN
32307	463	8	or	or	CC
32307	463	9	weight	weight	NN
32307	463	10	of	of	IN
32307	463	11	the	the	DT
32307	463	12	atom	atom	NN
32307	463	13	.	.	.
32307	464	1	Taking	take	VBG
32307	464	2	the	the	DT
32307	464	3	elements	element	NNS
32307	464	4	in	in	IN
32307	464	5	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	464	6	order	order	NN
32307	464	7	in	in	IN
32307	464	8	the	the	DT
32307	464	9	Periodic	Periodic	NNP
32307	464	10	Series	Series	NNP
32307	464	11	and	and	CC
32307	464	12	numbering	number	VBG
32307	464	13	the	the	DT
32307	464	14	positions	position	NNS
32307	464	15	held	hold	VBN
32307	464	16	by	by	IN
32307	464	17	them	-PRON-	PRP
32307	464	18	in	in	IN
32307	464	19	this	this	DT
32307	464	20	series	series	NN
32307	464	21	as	as	IN
32307	464	22	1	1	CD
32307	464	23	,	,	,
32307	464	24	2	2	CD
32307	464	25	,	,	,
32307	464	26	3	3	CD
32307	464	27	,	,	,
32307	464	28	etc	etc	FW
32307	464	29	.	.	FW
32307	464	30	,	,	,
32307	464	31	we	-PRON-	PRP
32307	464	32	get	get	VBP
32307	464	33	the	the	DT
32307	464	34	position	position	NN
32307	464	35	number	number	NN
32307	464	36	or	or	CC
32307	464	37	what	what	WP
32307	464	38	is	be	VBZ
32307	464	39	called	call	VBN
32307	464	40	the	the	DT
32307	464	41	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	464	42	number	number	NN
32307	464	43	.	.	.
32307	465	1	This	this	DT
32307	465	2	designates	designate	VBZ
32307	465	3	the	the	DT
32307	465	4	order	order	NN
32307	465	5	or	or	CC
32307	465	6	position	position	NN
32307	465	7	of	of	IN
32307	465	8	the	the	DT
32307	465	9	element	element	NN
32307	465	10	in	in	IN
32307	465	11	the	the	DT
32307	465	12	series	series	NN
32307	465	13	.	.	.
32307	466	1	We	-PRON-	PRP
32307	466	2	must	must	MD
32307	466	3	learn	learn	VB
32307	466	4	that	that	IN
32307	466	5	this	this	DT
32307	466	6	number	number	NN
32307	466	7	marks	mark	VBZ
32307	466	8	a	a	DT
32307	466	9	position	position	NN
32307	466	10	rather	rather	RB
32307	466	11	than	than	IN
32307	466	12	a	a	DT
32307	466	13	single	single	JJ
32307	466	14	element	element	NN
32307	466	15	,	,	,
32307	466	16	a	a	DT
32307	466	17	statement	statement	NN
32307	466	18	which	which	WDT
32307	466	19	will	will	MD
32307	466	20	be	be	VB
32307	466	21	explained	explain	VBN
32307	466	22	later	later	RBR
32307	466	23	.	.	.
32307	467	1	Determination	determination	NN
32307	467	2	of	of	IN
32307	467	3	the	the	DT
32307	467	4	Atomic	Atomic	NNP
32307	467	5	Number	Number	NNP
32307	467	6	Since	since	IN
32307	467	7	the	the	DT
32307	467	8	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	467	9	weight	weight	NN
32307	467	10	is	be	VBZ
32307	467	11	unreliable	unreliable	JJ
32307	467	12	as	as	IN
32307	467	13	a	a	DT
32307	467	14	means	means	NN
32307	467	15	of	of	IN
32307	467	16	settling	settle	VBG
32307	467	17	the	the	DT
32307	467	18	position	position	NN
32307	467	19	of	of	IN
32307	467	20	an	an	DT
32307	467	21	element	element	NN
32307	467	22	in	in	IN
32307	467	23	the	the	DT
32307	467	24	series	series	NN
32307	467	25	and	and	CC
32307	467	26	so	so	RB
32307	467	27	fixing	fix	VBG
32307	467	28	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	467	29	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	467	30	number	number	NN
32307	467	31	,	,	,
32307	467	32	how	how	WRB
32307	467	33	is	be	VBZ
32307	467	34	this	this	DT
32307	467	35	number	number	NN
32307	467	36	to	to	TO
32307	467	37	be	be	VB
32307	467	38	determined	determine	VBN
32307	467	39	?	?	.
32307	468	1	Of	of	RB
32307	468	2	course	course	RB
32307	468	3	,	,	,
32307	468	4	one	one	CD
32307	468	5	answer	answer	NN
32307	468	6	to	to	IN
32307	468	7	this	this	DT
32307	468	8	question	question	NN
32307	468	9	is	be	VBZ
32307	468	10	that	that	IN
32307	468	11	we	-PRON-	PRP
32307	468	12	may	may	MD
32307	468	13	rely	rely	VB
32307	468	14	upon	upon	IN
32307	468	15	a	a	DT
32307	468	16	consideration	consideration	NN
32307	468	17	of	of	IN
32307	468	18	the	the	DT
32307	468	19	general	general	JJ
32307	468	20	properties	property	NNS
32307	468	21	,	,	,
32307	468	22	as	as	IN
32307	468	23	has	have	VBZ
32307	468	24	been	be	VBN
32307	468	25	done	do	VBN
32307	468	26	in	in	IN
32307	468	27	the	the	DT
32307	468	28	past	past	NN
32307	468	29	.	.	.
32307	469	1	Fortunately	fortunately	RB
32307	469	2	,	,	,
32307	469	3	other	other	JJ
32307	469	4	methods	method	NNS
32307	469	5	have	have	VBP
32307	469	6	been	be	VBN
32307	469	7	found	find	VBN
32307	469	8	by	by	IN
32307	469	9	which	which	WDT
32307	469	10	this	this	DT
32307	469	11	may	may	MD
32307	469	12	be	be	VB
32307	469	13	confirmed	confirm	VBN
32307	469	14	.	.	.
32307	470	1	For	for	IN
32307	470	2	instance	instance	NN
32307	470	3	,	,	,
32307	470	4	the	the	DT
32307	470	5	stopping	stop	VBG
32307	470	6	and	and	CC
32307	470	7	scattering	scatter	VBG
32307	470	8	power	power	NN
32307	470	9	of	of	IN
32307	470	10	the	the	DT
32307	470	11	element	element	NN
32307	470	12	for	for	IN
32307	470	13	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	470	14	particles	particle	NNS
32307	470	15	has	have	VBZ
32307	470	16	been	be	VBN
32307	470	17	suggested	suggest	VBN
32307	470	18	and	and	CC
32307	470	19	successfully	successfully	RB
32307	470	20	used	use	VBN
32307	470	21	.	.	.
32307	471	1	Use	use	NN
32307	471	2	of	of	IN
32307	471	3	X	X	NNP
32307	471	4	-	-	NN
32307	471	5	Ray	Ray	NNP
32307	471	6	Spectra	Spectra	NNP
32307	471	7	A	a	DT
32307	471	8	most	most	RBS
32307	471	9	interesting	interesting	JJ
32307	471	10	method	method	NN
32307	471	11	is	be	VBZ
32307	471	12	due	due	JJ
32307	471	13	to	to	IN
32307	471	14	Moseley	Moseley	NNP
32307	471	15	's	's	POS
32307	471	16	observations	observation	NNS
32307	471	17	upon	upon	IN
32307	471	18	the	the	DT
32307	471	19	_	_	NNP
32307	471	20	X_-ray	x_-ray	NN
32307	471	21	spectra	spectra	NN
32307	471	22	of	of	IN
32307	471	23	the	the	DT
32307	471	24	various	various	JJ
32307	471	25	elements	element	NNS
32307	471	26	.	.	.
32307	472	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	472	2	has	have	VBZ
32307	472	3	been	be	VBN
32307	472	4	found	find	VBN
32307	472	5	that	that	IN
32307	472	6	crystals	crystal	NNS
32307	472	7	,	,	,
32307	472	8	such	such	JJ
32307	472	9	as	as	IN
32307	472	10	those	those	DT
32307	472	11	of	of	IN
32307	472	12	quartz	quartz	NN
32307	472	13	,	,	,
32307	472	14	have	have	VBP
32307	472	15	the	the	DT
32307	472	16	power	power	NN
32307	472	17	of	of	IN
32307	472	18	reflecting	reflect	VBG
32307	472	19	and	and	CC
32307	472	20	defining	define	VBG
32307	472	21	the	the	DT
32307	472	22	_	_	NNP
32307	472	23	X	X	NNP
32307	472	24	_	_	NNP
32307	472	25	rays	ray	NNS
32307	472	26	.	.	.
32307	473	1	The	the	DT
32307	473	2	spectra	spectra	NN
32307	473	3	given	give	VBN
32307	473	4	by	by	IN
32307	473	5	these	these	DT
32307	473	6	rays	ray	NNS
32307	473	7	can	can	MD
32307	473	8	be	be	VB
32307	473	9	photographed	photograph	VBN
32307	473	10	and	and	CC
32307	473	11	the	the	DT
32307	473	12	wave	wave	NN
32307	473	13	lengths	length	NNS
32307	473	14	measured	measure	VBN
32307	473	15	.	.	.
32307	474	1	These	these	DT
32307	474	2	_	_	NNP
32307	474	3	X	X	NNP
32307	474	4	_	_	NNP
32307	474	5	rays	ray	NNS
32307	474	6	are	be	VBP
32307	474	7	emitted	emit	VBN
32307	474	8	by	by	IN
32307	474	9	various	various	JJ
32307	474	10	substances	substance	NNS
32307	474	11	under	under	IN
32307	474	12	bombardment	bombardment	NN
32307	474	13	by	by	IN
32307	474	14	the	the	DT
32307	474	15	cathode	cathode	NN
32307	474	16	rays	ray	NNS
32307	474	17	(	(	-LRB-
32307	474	18	negative	negative	JJ
32307	474	19	electrons	electron	NNS
32307	474	20	)	)	-RRB-
32307	474	21	and	and	CC
32307	474	22	have	have	VB
32307	474	23	great	great	JJ
32307	474	24	intensity	intensity	NN
32307	474	25	and	and	CC
32307	474	26	very	very	RB
32307	474	27	minute	minute	JJ
32307	474	28	wave	wave	NN
32307	474	29	lengths	length	NNS
32307	474	30	.	.	.
32307	475	1	Moseley	Moseley	NNP
32307	475	2	made	make	VBD
32307	475	3	use	use	NN
32307	475	4	of	of	IN
32307	475	5	various	various	JJ
32307	475	6	metals	metal	NNS
32307	475	7	as	as	IN
32307	475	8	anti	anti	NNS
32307	475	9	-	-	NNS
32307	475	10	cathodes	cathode	NNS
32307	475	11	for	for	IN
32307	475	12	the	the	DT
32307	475	13	production	production	NN
32307	475	14	of	of	IN
32307	475	15	these	these	DT
32307	475	16	rays	ray	NNS
32307	475	17	.	.	.
32307	476	1	These	these	DT
32307	476	2	metals	metal	NNS
32307	476	3	ranged	range	VBD
32307	476	4	from	from	IN
32307	476	5	calcium	calcium	NN
32307	476	6	to	to	IN
32307	476	7	zinc	zinc	NN
32307	476	8	in	in	IN
32307	476	9	the	the	DT
32307	476	10	Periodic	Periodic	NNP
32307	476	11	System	System	NNP
32307	476	12	.	.	.
32307	477	1	In	in	IN
32307	477	2	each	each	DT
32307	477	3	case	case	NN
32307	477	4	he	-PRON-	PRP
32307	477	5	observed	observe	VBD
32307	477	6	that	that	IN
32307	477	7	two	two	CD
32307	477	8	characteristic	characteristic	JJ
32307	477	9	types	type	NNS
32307	477	10	of	of	IN
32307	477	11	_	_	NNP
32307	477	12	X	X	NNP
32307	477	13	_	_	NNP
32307	477	14	rays	ray	NNS
32307	477	15	of	of	IN
32307	477	16	definite	definite	JJ
32307	477	17	intensity	intensity	NN
32307	477	18	and	and	CC
32307	477	19	different	different	JJ
32307	477	20	wave	wave	NN
32307	477	21	lengths	length	NNS
32307	477	22	were	be	VBD
32307	477	23	emitted	emit	VBN
32307	477	24	.	.	.
32307	478	1	From	from	IN
32307	478	2	the	the	DT
32307	478	3	frequency	frequency	NN
32307	478	4	of	of	IN
32307	478	5	these	these	DT
32307	478	6	waves	wave	NNS
32307	478	7	there	there	RB
32307	478	8	is	be	VBZ
32307	478	9	deduced	deduce	VBN
32307	478	10	a	a	DT
32307	478	11	simple	simple	JJ
32307	478	12	relation	relation	NN
32307	478	13	connected	connect	VBN
32307	478	14	with	with	IN
32307	478	15	a	a	DT
32307	478	16	fundamental	fundamental	JJ
32307	478	17	quantity	quantity	NN
32307	478	18	which	which	WDT
32307	478	19	increases	increase	VBZ
32307	478	20	in	in	IN
32307	478	21	units	unit	NNS
32307	478	22	from	from	IN
32307	478	23	one	one	CD
32307	478	24	element	element	NN
32307	478	25	to	to	IN
32307	478	26	the	the	DT
32307	478	27	next	next	JJ
32307	478	28	.	.	.
32307	479	1	This	this	DT
32307	479	2	is	be	VBZ
32307	479	3	due	due	JJ
32307	479	4	to	to	IN
32307	479	5	the	the	DT
32307	479	6	charge	charge	NN
32307	479	7	of	of	IN
32307	479	8	the	the	DT
32307	479	9	positive	positive	JJ
32307	479	10	central	central	JJ
32307	479	11	nucleus	nucleus	NN
32307	479	12	.	.	.
32307	480	1	The	the	DT
32307	480	2	number	number	NN
32307	480	3	found	find	VBN
32307	480	4	in	in	IN
32307	480	5	this	this	DT
32307	480	6	way	way	NN
32307	480	7	is	be	VBZ
32307	480	8	one	one	CD
32307	480	9	less	less	JJR
32307	480	10	than	than	IN
32307	480	11	the	the	DT
32307	480	12	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	480	13	number	number	NN
32307	480	14	.	.	.
32307	481	1	Thus	thus	RB
32307	481	2	the	the	DT
32307	481	3	number	number	NN
32307	481	4	for	for	IN
32307	481	5	calcium	calcium	NN
32307	481	6	is	be	VBZ
32307	481	7	19	19	CD
32307	481	8	instead	instead	RB
32307	481	9	of	of	IN
32307	481	10	20	20	CD
32307	481	11	and	and	CC
32307	481	12	that	that	IN
32307	481	13	for	for	IN
32307	481	14	zinc	zinc	NN
32307	481	15	is	be	VBZ
32307	481	16	29	29	CD
32307	481	17	instead	instead	RB
32307	481	18	of	of	IN
32307	481	19	30	30	CD
32307	481	20	.	.	.
32307	482	1	So	so	RB
32307	482	2	,	,	,
32307	482	3	by	by	IN
32307	482	4	adding	add	VBG
32307	482	5	1	1	CD
32307	482	6	to	to	IN
32307	482	7	the	the	DT
32307	482	8	number	number	NN
32307	482	9	found	find	VBD
32307	482	10	the	the	DT
32307	482	11	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	482	12	number	number	NN
32307	482	13	is	be	VBZ
32307	482	14	obtained	obtain	VBN
32307	482	15	.	.	.
32307	483	1	The	the	DT
32307	483	2	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	483	3	weight	weight	NN
32307	483	4	can	can	MD
32307	483	5	usually	usually	RB
32307	483	6	be	be	VB
32307	483	7	followed	follow	VBN
32307	483	8	in	in	IN
32307	483	9	fixing	fix	VBG
32307	483	10	the	the	DT
32307	483	11	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	483	12	number	number	NN
32307	483	13	,	,	,
32307	483	14	but	but	CC
32307	483	15	where	where	WRB
32307	483	16	doubt	doubt	NN
32307	483	17	exists	exist	VBZ
32307	483	18	the	the	DT
32307	483	19	method	method	NN
32307	483	20	just	just	RB
32307	483	21	given	give	VBN
32307	483	22	can	can	MD
32307	483	23	be	be	VB
32307	483	24	resorted	resort	VBN
32307	483	25	to	to	IN
32307	483	26	.	.	.
32307	484	1	Thus	thus	RB
32307	484	2	doubt	doubt	NN
32307	484	3	arises	arise	VBZ
32307	484	4	in	in	IN
32307	484	5	the	the	DT
32307	484	6	case	case	NN
32307	484	7	of	of	IN
32307	484	8	iron	iron	NN
32307	484	9	and	and	CC
32307	484	10	nickel	nickel	NN
32307	484	11	and	and	CC
32307	484	12	cobalt	cobalt	NN
32307	484	13	.	.	.
32307	485	1	This	this	DT
32307	485	2	would	would	MD
32307	485	3	be	be	VB
32307	485	4	the	the	DT
32307	485	5	order	order	NN
32307	485	6	according	accord	VBG
32307	485	7	to	to	IN
32307	485	8	the	the	DT
32307	485	9	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	485	10	weights	weight	NNS
32307	485	11	.	.	.
32307	486	1	The	the	DT
32307	486	2	_	_	NNP
32307	486	3	X_-ray	x_-ray	NN
32307	486	4	method	method	NN
32307	486	5	gives	give	VBZ
32307	486	6	the	the	DT
32307	486	7	order	order	NN
32307	486	8	as	as	IN
32307	486	9	iron	iron	NN
32307	486	10	,	,	,
32307	486	11	cobalt	cobalt	NN
32307	486	12	,	,	,
32307	486	13	and	and	CC
32307	486	14	nickel	nickel	NN
32307	486	15	,	,	,
32307	486	16	and	and	CC
32307	486	17	this	this	DT
32307	486	18	is	be	VBZ
32307	486	19	the	the	DT
32307	486	20	accepted	accepted	JJ
32307	486	21	order	order	NN
32307	486	22	in	in	IN
32307	486	23	the	the	DT
32307	486	24	Periodic	periodic	JJ
32307	486	25	System	System	NNP
32307	486	26	.	.	.
32307	487	1	Changes	change	NNS
32307	487	2	Caused	cause	VBN
32307	487	3	by	by	IN
32307	487	4	Ray	Ray	NNP
32307	487	5	Emission	Emission	NNP
32307	487	6	On	on	IN
32307	487	7	studying	study	VBG
32307	487	8	the	the	DT
32307	487	9	properties	property	NNS
32307	487	10	of	of	IN
32307	487	11	the	the	DT
32307	487	12	elements	element	NNS
32307	487	13	in	in	IN
32307	487	14	a	a	DT
32307	487	15	transformation	transformation	NN
32307	487	16	series	series	NN
32307	487	17	in	in	IN
32307	487	18	connection	connection	NN
32307	487	19	with	with	IN
32307	487	20	the	the	DT
32307	487	21	ray	ray	NN
32307	487	22	emission	emission	NN
32307	487	23	which	which	WDT
32307	487	24	produced	produce	VBD
32307	487	25	them	-PRON-	PRP
32307	487	26	,	,	,
32307	487	27	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	487	28	was	be	VBD
32307	487	29	seen	see	VBN
32307	487	30	that	that	IN
32307	487	31	these	these	DT
32307	487	32	properties	property	NNS
32307	487	33	were	be	VBD
32307	487	34	determined	determine	VBN
32307	487	35	in	in	IN
32307	487	36	each	each	DT
32307	487	37	case	case	NN
32307	487	38	by	by	IN
32307	487	39	the	the	DT
32307	487	40	nature	nature	NN
32307	487	41	of	of	IN
32307	487	42	the	the	DT
32307	487	43	ray	ray	NN
32307	487	44	emitted	emit	VBN
32307	487	45	from	from	IN
32307	487	46	the	the	DT
32307	487	47	preceding	precede	VBG
32307	487	48	transformation	transformation	NN
32307	487	49	product	product	NN
32307	487	50	or	or	CC
32307	487	51	parent	parent	NN
32307	487	52	element	element	NN
32307	487	53	.	.	.
32307	488	1	Atomic	Atomic	NNP
32307	488	2	Weight	Weight	NNP
32307	488	3	Losses	Losses	NNPS
32307	488	4	Each	each	DT
32307	488	5	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	488	6	particle	particle	NN
32307	488	7	emitted	emit	VBD
32307	488	8	means	mean	VBZ
32307	488	9	a	a	DT
32307	488	10	loss	loss	NN
32307	488	11	of	of	IN
32307	488	12	4	4	CD
32307	488	13	in	in	IN
32307	488	14	the	the	DT
32307	488	15	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	488	16	weight	weight	NN
32307	488	17	.	.	.
32307	489	1	This	this	DT
32307	489	2	is	be	VBZ
32307	489	3	the	the	DT
32307	489	4	mass	mass	NN
32307	489	5	of	of	IN
32307	489	6	a	a	DT
32307	489	7	helium	helium	NN
32307	489	8	atom	atom	NN
32307	489	9	.	.	.
32307	490	1	Thus	thus	RB
32307	490	2	from	from	IN
32307	490	3	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	490	4	with	with	IN
32307	490	5	an	an	DT
32307	490	6	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	490	7	weight	weight	NN
32307	490	8	of	of	IN
32307	490	9	238	238	CD
32307	490	10	to	to	TO
32307	490	11	radium	radium	VB
32307	490	12	there	there	EX
32307	490	13	is	be	VBZ
32307	490	14	a	a	DT
32307	490	15	loss	loss	NN
32307	490	16	of	of	IN
32307	490	17	three	three	CD
32307	490	18	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	490	19	particles	particle	NNS
32307	490	20	.	.	.
32307	491	1	Therefore	therefore	RB
32307	491	2	,	,	,
32307	491	3	12	12	CD
32307	491	4	must	must	MD
32307	491	5	be	be	VB
32307	491	6	subtracted	subtract	VBN
32307	491	7	from	from	IN
32307	491	8	238	238	CD
32307	491	9	,	,	,
32307	491	10	leaving	leave	VBG
32307	491	11	226	226	CD
32307	491	12	,	,	,
32307	491	13	which	which	WDT
32307	491	14	agrees	agree	VBZ
32307	491	15	closely	closely	RB
32307	491	16	with	with	IN
32307	491	17	the	the	DT
32307	491	18	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	491	19	weight	weight	NN
32307	491	20	of	of	IN
32307	491	21	radium	radium	NNP
32307	491	22	as	as	RB
32307	491	23	actually	actually	RB
32307	491	24	determined	determine	VBN
32307	491	25	by	by	IN
32307	491	26	the	the	DT
32307	491	27	ordinary	ordinary	JJ
32307	491	28	methods	method	NNS
32307	491	29	.	.	.
32307	492	1	Uranium	Uranium	NNP
32307	492	2	X_{1	X_{1	NNP
32307	492	3	}	}	-RRB-
32307	492	4	,	,	,
32307	492	5	then	then	RB
32307	492	6	,	,	,
32307	492	7	would	would	MD
32307	492	8	have	have	VB
32307	492	9	an	an	DT
32307	492	10	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	492	11	weight	weight	NN
32307	492	12	of	of	IN
32307	492	13	234	234	CD
32307	492	14	and	and	CC
32307	492	15	that	that	DT
32307	492	16	of	of	IN
32307	492	17	ionium	ionium	NN
32307	492	18	would	would	MD
32307	492	19	be	be	VB
32307	492	20	230	230	CD
32307	492	21	.	.	.
32307	493	1	The	the	DT
32307	493	2	other	other	JJ
32307	493	3	intermediate	intermediate	JJ
32307	493	4	elements	element	NNS
32307	493	5	,	,	,
32307	493	6	whose	whose	WP$
32307	493	7	formation	formation	NN
32307	493	8	is	be	VBZ
32307	493	9	due	due	JJ
32307	493	10	to	to	IN
32307	493	11	the	the	DT
32307	493	12	loss	loss	NN
32307	493	13	of	of	IN
32307	493	14	beta	beta	NN
32307	493	15	particles	particle	NNS
32307	493	16	only	only	RB
32307	493	17	,	,	,
32307	493	18	show	show	VBP
32307	493	19	no	no	DT
32307	493	20	decrease	decrease	NN
32307	493	21	in	in	IN
32307	493	22	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	493	23	weight	weight	NN
32307	493	24	.	.	.
32307	494	1	Lead	lead	VB
32307	494	2	the	the	DT
32307	494	3	End	end	NN
32307	494	4	Product	product	NN
32307	494	5	From	from	IN
32307	494	6	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	494	7	to	to	TO
32307	494	8	lead	lead	VB
32307	494	9	there	there	EX
32307	494	10	is	be	VBZ
32307	494	11	a	a	DT
32307	494	12	loss	loss	NN
32307	494	13	of	of	IN
32307	494	14	8	8	CD
32307	494	15	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	494	16	particles	particle	NNS
32307	494	17	,	,	,
32307	494	18	or	or	CC
32307	494	19	32	32	CD
32307	494	20	units	unit	NNS
32307	494	21	in	in	IN
32307	494	22	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	494	23	weight	weight	NN
32307	494	24	.	.	.
32307	495	1	This	this	DT
32307	495	2	would	would	MD
32307	495	3	give	give	VB
32307	495	4	for	for	IN
32307	495	5	the	the	DT
32307	495	6	final	final	JJ
32307	495	7	product	product	NN
32307	495	8	an	an	DT
32307	495	9	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	495	10	weight	weight	NN
32307	495	11	of	of	IN
32307	495	12	206	206	CD
32307	495	13	.	.	.
32307	496	1	The	the	DT
32307	496	2	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	496	3	weight	weight	NN
32307	496	4	of	of	IN
32307	496	5	lead	lead	NN
32307	496	6	is	be	VBZ
32307	496	7	207.17	207.17	CD
32307	496	8	.	.	.
32307	497	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	497	2	is	be	VBZ
32307	497	3	not	not	RB
32307	497	4	at	at	RB
32307	497	5	all	all	RB
32307	497	6	certain	certain	JJ
32307	497	7	that	that	IN
32307	497	8	the	the	DT
32307	497	9	final	final	JJ
32307	497	10	product	product	NN
32307	497	11	of	of	IN
32307	497	12	this	this	DT
32307	497	13	series	series	NN
32307	497	14	is	be	VBZ
32307	497	15	ordinary	ordinary	JJ
32307	497	16	lead	lead	NN
32307	497	17	.	.	.
32307	498	1	The	the	DT
32307	498	2	facts	fact	NNS
32307	498	3	are	be	VBP
32307	498	4	such	such	JJ
32307	498	5	that	that	IN
32307	498	6	they	-PRON-	PRP
32307	498	7	would	would	MD
32307	498	8	lead	lead	VB
32307	498	9	one	one	PRP
32307	498	10	to	to	TO
32307	498	11	think	think	VB
32307	498	12	that	that	IN
32307	498	13	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	498	14	is	be	VBZ
32307	498	15	not	not	RB
32307	498	16	.	.	.
32307	499	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	499	2	is	be	VBZ
32307	499	3	known	know	VBN
32307	499	4	only	only	RB
32307	499	5	that	that	IN
32307	499	6	the	the	DT
32307	499	7	end	end	NN
32307	499	8	product	product	NN
32307	499	9	would	would	MD
32307	499	10	probably	probably	RB
32307	499	11	be	be	VB
32307	499	12	some	some	DT
32307	499	13	element	element	NN
32307	499	14	closely	closely	RB
32307	499	15	resembling	resemble	VBG
32307	499	16	lead	lead	NN
32307	499	17	chemically	chemically	RB
32307	499	18	and	and	CC
32307	499	19	hence	hence	RB
32307	499	20	difficult	difficult	JJ
32307	499	21	or	or	CC
32307	499	22	impossible	impossible	JJ
32307	499	23	to	to	TO
32307	499	24	separate	separate	VB
32307	499	25	from	from	IN
32307	499	26	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	499	27	.	.	.
32307	500	1	Several	several	JJ
32307	500	2	accurate	accurate	JJ
32307	500	3	determinations	determination	NNS
32307	500	4	of	of	IN
32307	500	5	lead	lead	NN
32307	500	6	coming	come	VBG
32307	500	7	from	from	IN
32307	500	8	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	500	9	minerals	mineral	NNS
32307	500	10	,	,	,
32307	500	11	which	which	WDT
32307	500	12	always	always	RB
32307	500	13	carry	carry	VBP
32307	500	14	this	this	DT
32307	500	15	element	element	NN
32307	500	16	and	and	CC
32307	500	17	in	in	IN
32307	500	18	an	an	DT
32307	500	19	approximately	approximately	RB
32307	500	20	definite	definite	JJ
32307	500	21	ratio	ratio	NN
32307	500	22	to	to	IN
32307	500	23	the	the	DT
32307	500	24	amount	amount	NN
32307	500	25	of	of	IN
32307	500	26	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	500	27	present	present	NN
32307	500	28	,	,	,
32307	500	29	show	show	VBP
32307	500	30	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	500	31	weights	weight	NNS
32307	500	32	of	of	IN
32307	500	33	206.40	206.40	CD
32307	500	34	;	;	:
32307	500	35	206.36	206.36	CD
32307	500	36	;	;	:
32307	500	37	and	and	CC
32307	500	38	206.54	206.54	CD
32307	500	39	.	.	.
32307	501	1	Even	even	RB
32307	501	2	the	the	DT
32307	501	3	most	most	RBS
32307	501	4	rigid	rigid	JJ
32307	501	5	methods	method	NNS
32307	501	6	of	of	IN
32307	501	7	purification	purification	NN
32307	501	8	fail	fail	VBP
32307	501	9	to	to	TO
32307	501	10	change	change	VB
32307	501	11	these	these	DT
32307	501	12	results	result	NNS
32307	501	13	.	.	.
32307	502	1	The	the	DT
32307	502	2	lead	lead	NN
32307	502	3	in	in	IN
32307	502	4	these	these	DT
32307	502	5	minerals	mineral	NNS
32307	502	6	might	may	MD
32307	502	7	therefore	therefore	RB
32307	502	8	be	be	VB
32307	502	9	considered	consider	VBN
32307	502	10	as	as	IN
32307	502	11	coming	come	VBG
32307	502	12	in	in	IN
32307	502	13	the	the	DT
32307	502	14	main	main	JJ
32307	502	15	from	from	IN
32307	502	16	the	the	DT
32307	502	17	disintegration	disintegration	NN
32307	502	18	of	of	IN
32307	502	19	the	the	DT
32307	502	20	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	502	21	atom	atom	NN
32307	502	22	and	and	CC
32307	502	23	,	,	,
32307	502	24	though	though	IN
32307	502	25	chemically	chemically	RB
32307	502	26	resembling	resemble	VBG
32307	502	27	lead	lead	NN
32307	502	28	,	,	,
32307	502	29	as	as	IN
32307	502	30	being	be	VBG
32307	502	31	in	in	IN
32307	502	32	reality	reality	NN
32307	502	33	a	a	DT
32307	502	34	different	different	JJ
32307	502	35	element	element	NN
32307	502	36	with	with	IN
32307	502	37	different	different	JJ
32307	502	38	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	502	39	weight	weight	NN
32307	502	40	.	.	.
32307	503	1	Furthermore	furthermore	RB
32307	503	2	,	,	,
32307	503	3	in	in	IN
32307	503	4	the	the	DT
32307	503	5	thorium	thorium	NNP
32307	503	6	series	series	NN
32307	503	7	6	6	CD
32307	503	8	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	503	9	particles	particle	NNS
32307	503	10	are	be	VBP
32307	503	11	lost	lose	VBN
32307	503	12	before	before	IN
32307	503	13	reaching	reach	VBG
32307	503	14	the	the	DT
32307	503	15	end	end	NN
32307	503	16	product	product	NN
32307	503	17	,	,	,
32307	503	18	which	which	WDT
32307	503	19	again	again	RB
32307	503	20	is	be	VBZ
32307	503	21	perhaps	perhaps	RB
32307	503	22	the	the	DT
32307	503	23	chemical	chemical	JJ
32307	503	24	analogue	analogue	NN
32307	503	25	of	of	IN
32307	503	26	lead	lead	NN
32307	503	27	.	.	.
32307	504	1	The	the	DT
32307	504	2	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	504	3	weight	weight	NN
32307	504	4	here	here	RB
32307	504	5	should	should	MD
32307	504	6	be	be	VB
32307	504	7	232	232	CD
32307	504	8	less	less	JJR
32307	504	9	24	24	CD
32307	504	10	,	,	,
32307	504	11	or	or	CC
32307	504	12	208	208	CD
32307	504	13	.	.	.
32307	505	1	Determinations	determination	NNS
32307	505	2	of	of	IN
32307	505	3	the	the	DT
32307	505	4	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	505	5	weight	weight	NN
32307	505	6	of	of	IN
32307	505	7	lead	lead	NN
32307	505	8	from	from	IN
32307	505	9	thorite	thorite	NNP
32307	505	10	,	,	,
32307	505	11	a	a	DT
32307	505	12	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	505	13	mineral	mineral	NN
32307	505	14	nearly	nearly	RB
32307	505	15	free	free	JJ
32307	505	16	from	from	IN
32307	505	17	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	505	18	,	,	,
32307	505	19	gave	give	VBD
32307	505	20	208.4	208.4	CD
32307	505	21	.	.	.
32307	506	1	The	the	DT
32307	506	2	end	end	NN
32307	506	3	product	product	NN
32307	506	4	of	of	IN
32307	506	5	the	the	DT
32307	506	6	actinium	actinium	NN
32307	506	7	series	series	NN
32307	506	8	is	be	VBZ
32307	506	9	also	also	RB
32307	506	10	an	an	DT
32307	506	11	element	element	NN
32307	506	12	resembling	resembling	NN
32307	506	13	lead	lead	NN
32307	506	14	,	,	,
32307	506	15	but	but	CC
32307	506	16	both	both	CC
32307	506	17	the	the	DT
32307	506	18	beginning	beginning	NN
32307	506	19	and	and	CC
32307	506	20	ending	ending	NN
32307	506	21	of	of	IN
32307	506	22	this	this	DT
32307	506	23	series	series	NN
32307	506	24	are	be	VBP
32307	506	25	still	still	RB
32307	506	26	in	in	IN
32307	506	27	obscurity	obscurity	NN
32307	506	28	.	.	.
32307	507	1	Changes	change	NNS
32307	507	2	of	of	IN
32307	507	3	Position	position	NN
32307	507	4	in	in	IN
32307	507	5	the	the	DT
32307	507	6	Periodic	periodic	JJ
32307	507	7	System	System	NNP
32307	507	8	The	the	DT
32307	507	9	loss	loss	NN
32307	507	10	of	of	IN
32307	507	11	4	4	CD
32307	507	12	units	unit	NNS
32307	507	13	in	in	IN
32307	507	14	the	the	DT
32307	507	15	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	507	16	weight	weight	NN
32307	507	17	of	of	IN
32307	507	18	an	an	DT
32307	507	19	element	element	NN
32307	507	20	on	on	IN
32307	507	21	the	the	DT
32307	507	22	expulsion	expulsion	NN
32307	507	23	of	of	IN
32307	507	24	an	an	DT
32307	507	25	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	507	26	particle	particle	NN
32307	507	27	is	be	VBZ
32307	507	28	accompanied	accompany	VBN
32307	507	29	by	by	IN
32307	507	30	a	a	DT
32307	507	31	change	change	NN
32307	507	32	of	of	IN
32307	507	33	chemical	chemical	JJ
32307	507	34	properties	property	NNS
32307	507	35	which	which	WDT
32307	507	36	removes	remove	VBZ
32307	507	37	the	the	DT
32307	507	38	new	new	JJ
32307	507	39	element	element	NN
32307	507	40	two	two	CD
32307	507	41	groups	group	NNS
32307	507	42	toward	toward	IN
32307	507	43	the	the	DT
32307	507	44	positive	positive	JJ
32307	507	45	side	side	NN
32307	507	46	in	in	IN
32307	507	47	the	the	DT
32307	507	48	Periodic	Periodic	NNP
32307	507	49	System	System	NNP
32307	507	50	.	.	.
32307	508	1	Thus	thus	RB
32307	508	2	ionium	ionium	NN
32307	508	3	is	be	VBZ
32307	508	4	so	so	RB
32307	508	5	closely	closely	RB
32307	508	6	related	related	JJ
32307	508	7	to	to	IN
32307	508	8	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	508	9	and	and	CC
32307	508	10	so	so	RB
32307	508	11	resembles	resemble	VBZ
32307	508	12	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	508	13	chemically	chemically	RB
32307	508	14	that	that	IN
32307	508	15	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	508	16	is	be	VBZ
32307	508	17	properly	properly	RB
32307	508	18	classed	class	VBN
32307	508	19	along	along	IN
32307	508	20	with	with	IN
32307	508	21	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	508	22	as	as	IN
32307	508	23	a	a	DT
32307	508	24	quadrivalent	quadrivalent	NN
32307	508	25	element	element	NN
32307	508	26	in	in	IN
32307	508	27	the	the	DT
32307	508	28	fourth	fourth	JJ
32307	508	29	group	group	NN
32307	508	30	.	.	.
32307	509	1	Ionium	ionium	NN
32307	509	2	expels	expel	VBZ
32307	509	3	an	an	DT
32307	509	4	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	509	5	particle	particle	NN
32307	509	6	and	and	CC
32307	509	7	becomes	become	VBZ
32307	509	8	radium	radium	NN
32307	509	9	,	,	,
32307	509	10	which	which	WDT
32307	509	11	is	be	VBZ
32307	509	12	a	a	DT
32307	509	13	bivalent	bivalent	NN
32307	509	14	element	element	NN
32307	509	15	resembling	resemble	VBG
32307	509	16	barium	barium	NN
32307	509	17	belonging	belong	VBG
32307	509	18	to	to	IN
32307	509	19	the	the	DT
32307	509	20	second	second	JJ
32307	509	21	group	group	NN
32307	509	22	.	.	.
32307	510	1	Radium	Radium	NNP
32307	510	2	then	then	RB
32307	510	3	expels	expel	VBZ
32307	510	4	an	an	DT
32307	510	5	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	510	6	particle	particle	NN
32307	510	7	and	and	CC
32307	510	8	becomes	become	VBZ
32307	510	9	the	the	DT
32307	510	10	gas	gas	NN
32307	510	11	,	,	,
32307	510	12	radium	radium	NN
32307	510	13	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	510	14	,	,	,
32307	510	15	which	which	WDT
32307	510	16	is	be	VBZ
32307	510	17	an	an	DT
32307	510	18	analogue	analogue	NN
32307	510	19	of	of	IN
32307	510	20	argon	argon	NN
32307	510	21	and	and	CC
32307	510	22	belongs	belong	VBZ
32307	510	23	to	to	IN
32307	510	24	the	the	DT
32307	510	25	zero	zero	CD
32307	510	26	group	group	NN
32307	510	27	.	.	.
32307	511	1	Other	other	JJ
32307	511	2	instances	instance	NNS
32307	511	3	might	may	MD
32307	511	4	be	be	VB
32307	511	5	cited	cite	VBN
32307	511	6	which	which	WDT
32307	511	7	go	go	VBP
32307	511	8	to	to	TO
32307	511	9	show	show	VB
32307	511	10	that	that	IN
32307	511	11	in	in	IN
32307	511	12	all	all	DT
32307	511	13	cases	case	NNS
32307	511	14	the	the	DT
32307	511	15	loss	loss	NN
32307	511	16	of	of	IN
32307	511	17	an	an	DT
32307	511	18	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	511	19	particle	particle	NN
32307	511	20	makes	make	VBZ
32307	511	21	a	a	DT
32307	511	22	change	change	NN
32307	511	23	of	of	IN
32307	511	24	two	two	CD
32307	511	25	places	place	NNS
32307	511	26	toward	toward	IN
32307	511	27	the	the	DT
32307	511	28	left	left	JJ
32307	511	29	or	or	CC
32307	511	30	positive	positive	JJ
32307	511	31	side	side	NN
32307	511	32	of	of	IN
32307	511	33	the	the	DT
32307	511	34	System	System	NNP
32307	511	35	.	.	.
32307	512	1	Changes	change	NNS
32307	512	2	from	from	IN
32307	512	3	Loss	Loss	NNP
32307	512	4	of	of	IN
32307	512	5	Beta	Beta	NNP
32307	512	6	Particles	Particles	NNPS
32307	512	7	The	the	DT
32307	512	8	loss	loss	NN
32307	512	9	of	of	IN
32307	512	10	a	a	DT
32307	512	11	beta	beta	JJ
32307	512	12	particle	particle	NN
32307	512	13	causes	cause	VBZ
32307	512	14	no	no	DT
32307	512	15	change	change	NN
32307	512	16	in	in	IN
32307	512	17	the	the	DT
32307	512	18	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	512	19	weight	weight	NN
32307	512	20	but	but	CC
32307	512	21	does	do	VBZ
32307	512	22	cause	cause	VB
32307	512	23	a	a	DT
32307	512	24	shift	shift	NN
32307	512	25	for	for	IN
32307	512	26	each	each	DT
32307	512	27	beta	beta	JJ
32307	512	28	particle	particle	NN
32307	512	29	of	of	IN
32307	512	30	one	one	CD
32307	512	31	group	group	NN
32307	512	32	toward	toward	IN
32307	512	33	the	the	DT
32307	512	34	right	right	JJ
32307	512	35	or	or	CC
32307	512	36	negative	negative	JJ
32307	512	37	side	side	NN
32307	512	38	of	of	IN
32307	512	39	the	the	DT
32307	512	40	System	System	NNP
32307	512	41	.	.	.
32307	513	1	Two	two	CD
32307	513	2	such	such	JJ
32307	513	3	losses	loss	NNS
32307	513	4	,	,	,
32307	513	5	then	then	RB
32307	513	6	,	,	,
32307	513	7	will	will	MD
32307	513	8	counterbalance	counterbalance	VB
32307	513	9	the	the	DT
32307	513	10	loss	loss	NN
32307	513	11	of	of	IN
32307	513	12	an	an	DT
32307	513	13	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	513	14	particle	particle	NN
32307	513	15	and	and	CC
32307	513	16	bring	bring	VB
32307	513	17	the	the	DT
32307	513	18	new	new	JJ
32307	513	19	element	element	NN
32307	513	20	back	back	RB
32307	513	21	to	to	IN
32307	513	22	the	the	DT
32307	513	23	group	group	NN
32307	513	24	originally	originally	RB
32307	513	25	occupied	occupy	VBN
32307	513	26	by	by	IN
32307	513	27	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	513	28	progenitor	progenitor	NN
32307	513	29	.	.	.
32307	514	1	Thus	thus	RB
32307	514	2	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	514	3	in	in	IN
32307	514	4	the	the	DT
32307	514	5	sixth	sixth	JJ
32307	514	6	group	group	NN
32307	514	7	loses	lose	VBZ
32307	514	8	an	an	DT
32307	514	9	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	514	10	particle	particle	NN
32307	514	11	and	and	CC
32307	514	12	the	the	DT
32307	514	13	product	product	NN
32307	514	14	UX_{1	ux_{1	NN
32307	514	15	}	}	-RRB-
32307	514	16	falls	fall	VBZ
32307	514	17	in	in	IN
32307	514	18	the	the	DT
32307	514	19	fourth	fourth	JJ
32307	514	20	group	group	NN
32307	514	21	.	.	.
32307	515	1	One	one	CD
32307	515	2	beta	beta	NN
32307	515	3	particle	particle	NN
32307	515	4	is	be	VBZ
32307	515	5	then	then	RB
32307	515	6	lost	lose	VBN
32307	515	7	and	and	CC
32307	515	8	UX_{2	ux_{2	VB
32307	515	9	}	}	-RRB-
32307	515	10	belonging	belong	VBG
32307	515	11	to	to	IN
32307	515	12	the	the	DT
32307	515	13	fifth	fifth	JJ
32307	515	14	group	group	NN
32307	515	15	is	be	VBZ
32307	515	16	formed	form	VBN
32307	515	17	.	.	.
32307	516	1	With	with	IN
32307	516	2	the	the	DT
32307	516	3	loss	loss	NN
32307	516	4	of	of	IN
32307	516	5	one	one	CD
32307	516	6	more	more	JJR
32307	516	7	beta	beta	NN
32307	516	8	particle	particle	NN
32307	516	9	the	the	DT
32307	516	10	new	new	JJ
32307	516	11	element	element	NN
32307	516	12	returns	return	VBZ
32307	516	13	to	to	IN
32307	516	14	the	the	DT
32307	516	15	sixth	sixth	JJ
32307	516	16	group	group	NN
32307	516	17	from	from	IN
32307	516	18	which	which	WDT
32307	516	19	the	the	DT
32307	516	20	transformation	transformation	NN
32307	516	21	began	begin	VBD
32307	516	22	.	.	.
32307	517	1	The	the	DT
32307	517	2	table	table	NN
32307	517	3	on	on	IN
32307	517	4	page	page	NN
32307	517	5	48	48	CD
32307	517	6	,	,	,
32307	517	7	as	as	IN
32307	517	8	adapted	adapt	VBN
32307	517	9	from	from	IN
32307	517	10	Soddy	Soddy	NNP
32307	517	11	,	,	,
32307	517	12	affords	afford	VBZ
32307	517	13	a	a	DT
32307	517	14	general	general	JJ
32307	517	15	view	view	NN
32307	517	16	of	of	IN
32307	517	17	these	these	DT
32307	517	18	changes	change	NNS
32307	517	19	.	.	.
32307	518	1	Isotopes	Isotopes	NNP
32307	518	2	An	an	DT
32307	518	3	examination	examination	NN
32307	518	4	of	of	IN
32307	518	5	the	the	DT
32307	518	6	table	table	NN
32307	518	7	will	will	MD
32307	518	8	show	show	VB
32307	518	9	a	a	DT
32307	518	10	number	number	NN
32307	518	11	of	of	IN
32307	518	12	different	different	JJ
32307	518	13	elements	element	NNS
32307	518	14	falling	fall	VBG
32307	518	15	in	in	IN
32307	518	16	the	the	DT
32307	518	17	same	same	JJ
32307	518	18	position	position	NN
32307	518	19	in	in	IN
32307	518	20	a	a	DT
32307	518	21	group	group	NN
32307	518	22	of	of	IN
32307	518	23	the	the	DT
32307	518	24	Periodic	Periodic	NNP
32307	518	25	System	System	NNP
32307	518	26	irrespective	irrespective	RB
32307	518	27	of	of	IN
32307	518	28	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	518	29	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	518	30	weights	weight	NNS
32307	518	31	.	.	.
32307	519	1	These	these	DT
32307	519	2	are	be	VBP
32307	519	3	chemically	chemically	RB
32307	519	4	inseparable	inseparable	JJ
32307	519	5	so	so	RB
32307	519	6	far	far	RB
32307	519	7	as	as	IN
32307	519	8	the	the	DT
32307	519	9	present	present	JJ
32307	519	10	limitations	limitation	NNS
32307	519	11	of	of	IN
32307	519	12	chemical	chemical	NN
32307	519	13	analysis	analysis	NN
32307	519	14	are	be	VBP
32307	519	15	concerned	concern	VBN
32307	519	16	.	.	.
32307	520	1	Even	even	RB
32307	520	2	the	the	DT
32307	520	3	spectra	spectra	NN
32307	520	4	of	of	IN
32307	520	5	these	these	DT
32307	520	6	elements	element	NNS
32307	520	7	seem	seem	VBP
32307	520	8	to	to	TO
32307	520	9	be	be	VB
32307	520	10	identical	identical	JJ
32307	520	11	so	so	RB
32307	520	12	far	far	RB
32307	520	13	as	as	IN
32307	520	14	known	know	VBN
32307	520	15	.	.	.
32307	521	1	This	this	DT
32307	521	2	identity	identity	NN
32307	521	3	extends	extend	VBZ
32307	521	4	to	to	IN
32307	521	5	most	most	JJS
32307	521	6	of	of	IN
32307	521	7	the	the	DT
32307	521	8	physical	physical	JJ
32307	521	9	properties	property	NNS
32307	521	10	,	,	,
32307	521	11	but	but	CC
32307	521	12	this	this	DT
32307	521	13	demands	demand	VBZ
32307	521	14	much	much	JJ
32307	521	15	further	further	JJ
32307	521	16	investigation	investigation	NN
32307	521	17	.	.	.
32307	522	1	For	for	IN
32307	522	2	this	this	DT
32307	522	3	new	new	JJ
32307	522	4	phenomenon	phenomenon	NN
32307	522	5	Soddy	Soddy	NNP
32307	522	6	has	have	VBZ
32307	522	7	suggested	suggest	VBN
32307	522	8	the	the	DT
32307	522	9	word	word	NN
32307	522	10	isotope	isotope	NN
32307	522	11	for	for	IN
32307	522	12	the	the	DT
32307	522	13	element	element	NN
32307	522	14	and	and	CC
32307	522	15	isotopic	isotopic	NN
32307	522	16	for	for	IN
32307	522	17	the	the	DT
32307	522	18	property	property	NN
32307	522	19	,	,	,
32307	522	20	and	and	CC
32307	522	21	these	these	DT
32307	522	22	names	name	NNS
32307	522	23	have	have	VBP
32307	522	24	come	come	VBN
32307	522	25	into	into	IN
32307	522	26	general	general	JJ
32307	522	27	use	use	NN
32307	522	28	.	.	.
32307	523	1	[	[	-LRB-
32307	523	2	Illustration	illustration	NN
32307	523	3	:	:	:
32307	523	4	RADIO	radio	NN
32307	523	5	-	-	HYPH
32307	523	6	ACTIVE	active	NN
32307	523	7	ELEMENTS	elements	NN
32307	523	8	FROM	from	IN
32307	523	9	URANIUM	URANIUM	NNP
32307	523	10	AND	and	CC
32307	523	11	THORIUM	THORIUM	NNP
32307	523	12	PLACED	PLACED	NNP
32307	523	13	IN	in	IN
32307	523	14	THE	the	DT
32307	523	15	PERIODIC	PERIODIC	NNP
32307	523	16	SYSTEMS	system	NNS
32307	523	17	Adapted	adapt	VBN
32307	523	18	from	from	IN
32307	523	19	Soddy	Soddy	NNP
32307	523	20	]	]	-RRB-
32307	523	21	Manifestly	manifestly	RB
32307	523	22	,	,	,
32307	523	23	we	-PRON-	PRP
32307	523	24	have	have	VBP
32307	523	25	come	come	VBN
32307	523	26	across	across	IN
32307	523	27	a	a	DT
32307	523	28	phenomenon	phenomenon	NN
32307	523	29	here	here	RB
32307	523	30	which	which	WDT
32307	523	31	quite	quite	RB
32307	523	32	eliminates	eliminate	VBZ
32307	523	33	the	the	DT
32307	523	34	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	523	35	weight	weight	NN
32307	523	36	as	as	IN
32307	523	37	a	a	DT
32307	523	38	determining	determine	VBG
32307	523	39	factor	factor	NN
32307	523	40	as	as	IN
32307	523	41	to	to	TO
32307	523	42	position	position	VB
32307	523	43	in	in	IN
32307	523	44	the	the	DT
32307	523	45	Periodic	Periodic	NNP
32307	523	46	or	or	CC
32307	523	47	Natural	Natural	NNP
32307	523	48	System	System	NNP
32307	523	49	or	or	CC
32307	523	50	of	of	IN
32307	523	51	the	the	DT
32307	523	52	elemental	elemental	JJ
32307	523	53	properties	property	NNS
32307	523	54	in	in	IN
32307	523	55	general	general	JJ
32307	523	56	.	.	.
32307	524	1	All	all	DT
32307	524	2	of	of	IN
32307	524	3	the	the	DT
32307	524	4	properties	property	NNS
32307	524	5	of	of	IN
32307	524	6	the	the	DT
32307	524	7	bodies	body	NNS
32307	524	8	which	which	WDT
32307	524	9	we	-PRON-	PRP
32307	524	10	call	call	VBP
32307	524	11	elements	element	NNS
32307	524	12	,	,	,
32307	524	13	and	and	CC
32307	524	14	consequently	consequently	RB
32307	524	15	of	of	IN
32307	524	16	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	524	17	compounds	compound	NNS
32307	524	18	and	and	CC
32307	524	19	hence	hence	RB
32307	524	20	of	of	IN
32307	524	21	matter	matter	NN
32307	524	22	in	in	IN
32307	524	23	general	general	JJ
32307	524	24	,	,	,
32307	524	25	seem	seem	VBP
32307	524	26	to	to	TO
32307	524	27	depend	depend	VB
32307	524	28	upon	upon	IN
32307	524	29	the	the	DT
32307	524	30	balance	balance	NN
32307	524	31	maintained	maintain	VBN
32307	524	32	between	between	IN
32307	524	33	the	the	DT
32307	524	34	charges	charge	NNS
32307	524	35	of	of	IN
32307	524	36	negative	negative	JJ
32307	524	37	and	and	CC
32307	524	38	positive	positive	JJ
32307	524	39	electricity	electricity	NN
32307	524	40	which	which	WDT
32307	524	41	,	,	,
32307	524	42	according	accord	VBG
32307	524	43	to	to	IN
32307	524	44	Rutherford	Rutherford	NNP
32307	524	45	's	's	POS
32307	524	46	theory	theory	NN
32307	524	47	,	,	,
32307	524	48	go	go	VB
32307	524	49	to	to	TO
32307	524	50	make	make	VB
32307	524	51	up	up	RP
32307	524	52	the	the	DT
32307	524	53	atom	atom	NN
32307	524	54	.	.	.
32307	525	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	525	2	is	be	VBZ
32307	525	3	evident	evident	JJ
32307	525	4	that	that	IN
32307	525	5	any	any	DT
32307	525	6	study	study	NN
32307	525	7	of	of	IN
32307	525	8	chemical	chemical	NN
32307	525	9	phenomena	phenomenon	NNS
32307	525	10	and	and	CC
32307	525	11	chemical	chemical	NN
32307	525	12	theory	theory	NN
32307	525	13	is	be	VBZ
32307	525	14	quite	quite	RB
32307	525	15	incomplete	incomplete	JJ
32307	525	16	without	without	IN
32307	525	17	a	a	DT
32307	525	18	study	study	NN
32307	525	19	of	of	IN
32307	525	20	radio	radio	NN
32307	525	21	-	-	HYPH
32307	525	22	activity	activity	NN
32307	525	23	and	and	CC
32307	525	24	the	the	DT
32307	525	25	transformations	transformation	NNS
32307	525	26	which	which	WDT
32307	525	27	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	525	28	produces	produce	VBZ
32307	525	29	.	.	.
32307	526	1	Radio	radio	NN
32307	526	2	-	-	HYPH
32307	526	3	activity	activity	NN
32307	526	4	in	in	IN
32307	526	5	Nature	Nature	NNP
32307	526	6	In	in	IN
32307	526	7	concluding	conclude	VBG
32307	526	8	this	this	DT
32307	526	9	outline	outline	NN
32307	526	10	of	of	IN
32307	526	11	the	the	DT
32307	526	12	main	main	JJ
32307	526	13	facts	fact	NNS
32307	526	14	of	of	IN
32307	526	15	radio	radio	NN
32307	526	16	-	-	HYPH
32307	526	17	activity	activity	NN
32307	526	18	,	,	,
32307	526	19	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	526	20	is	be	VBZ
32307	526	21	of	of	IN
32307	526	22	interest	interest	NN
32307	526	23	to	to	TO
32307	526	24	discuss	discuss	VB
32307	526	25	briefly	briefly	RB
32307	526	26	the	the	DT
32307	526	27	presence	presence	NN
32307	526	28	of	of	IN
32307	526	29	radio	radio	NN
32307	526	30	-	-	HYPH
32307	526	31	active	active	JJ
32307	526	32	material	material	NN
32307	526	33	on	on	IN
32307	526	34	this	this	DT
32307	526	35	planet	planet	NN
32307	526	36	and	and	CC
32307	526	37	in	in	IN
32307	526	38	the	the	DT
32307	526	39	stars	star	NNS
32307	526	40	.	.	.
32307	527	1	Facts	fact	NNS
32307	527	2	enough	enough	RB
32307	527	3	have	have	VBP
32307	527	4	been	be	VBN
32307	527	5	gathered	gather	VBN
32307	527	6	to	to	TO
32307	527	7	show	show	VB
32307	527	8	the	the	DT
32307	527	9	probable	probable	JJ
32307	527	10	universality	universality	NN
32307	527	11	of	of	IN
32307	527	12	this	this	DT
32307	527	13	phenomenon	phenomenon	NN
32307	527	14	of	of	IN
32307	527	15	radio	radio	NN
32307	527	16	-	-	HYPH
32307	527	17	activity	activity	NN
32307	527	18	.	.	.
32307	528	1	Whether	whether	IN
32307	528	2	this	this	DT
32307	528	3	means	mean	VBZ
32307	528	4	solely	solely	RB
32307	528	5	the	the	DT
32307	528	6	disintegration	disintegration	NN
32307	528	7	of	of	IN
32307	528	8	the	the	DT
32307	528	9	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	528	10	and	and	CC
32307	528	11	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	528	12	atoms	atom	NNS
32307	528	13	,	,	,
32307	528	14	or	or	CC
32307	528	15	whether	whether	IN
32307	528	16	other	other	JJ
32307	528	17	elements	element	NNS
32307	528	18	are	be	VBP
32307	528	19	also	also	RB
32307	528	20	transformed	transform	VBN
32307	528	21	under	under	IN
32307	528	22	the	the	DT
32307	528	23	intensity	intensity	NN
32307	528	24	of	of	IN
32307	528	25	the	the	DT
32307	528	26	agencies	agency	NNS
32307	528	27	at	at	IN
32307	528	28	work	work	NN
32307	528	29	in	in	IN
32307	528	30	the	the	DT
32307	528	31	universe	universe	NN
32307	528	32	,	,	,
32307	528	33	is	be	VBZ
32307	528	34	of	of	IN
32307	528	35	course	course	NN
32307	528	36	a	a	DT
32307	528	37	question	question	NN
32307	528	38	as	as	IN
32307	528	39	yet	yet	RB
32307	528	40	unsolved	unsolved	JJ
32307	528	41	.	.	.
32307	529	1	Radio	radio	NN
32307	529	2	-	-	HYPH
32307	529	3	active	active	JJ
32307	529	4	Products	product	NNS
32307	529	5	in	in	IN
32307	529	6	the	the	DT
32307	529	7	Earth	Earth	NNP
32307	529	8	's	's	POS
32307	529	9	Crust	Crust	NNP
32307	529	10	The	the	DT
32307	529	11	presence	presence	NN
32307	529	12	of	of	IN
32307	529	13	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	529	14	and	and	CC
32307	529	15	thorium	thorium	NN
32307	529	16	widely	widely	RB
32307	529	17	distributed	distribute	VBN
32307	529	18	throughout	throughout	IN
32307	529	19	the	the	DT
32307	529	20	crust	crust	NN
32307	529	21	of	of	IN
32307	529	22	the	the	DT
32307	529	23	earth	earth	NN
32307	529	24	would	would	MD
32307	529	25	lead	lead	VB
32307	529	26	to	to	IN
32307	529	27	the	the	DT
32307	529	28	conclusion	conclusion	NN
32307	529	29	that	that	IN
32307	529	30	their	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	529	31	disintegration	disintegration	NN
32307	529	32	products	product	NNS
32307	529	33	would	would	MD
32307	529	34	be	be	VB
32307	529	35	found	find	VBN
32307	529	36	there	there	RB
32307	529	37	also	also	RB
32307	529	38	.	.	.
32307	530	1	Various	various	JJ
32307	530	2	rocks	rock	NNS
32307	530	3	of	of	IN
32307	530	4	igneous	igneous	JJ
32307	530	5	origin	origin	NN
32307	530	6	have	have	VBP
32307	530	7	been	be	VBN
32307	530	8	examined	examine	VBN
32307	530	9	revealing	reveal	VBG
32307	530	10	from	from	IN
32307	530	11	4.78	4.78	CD
32307	530	12	×	×	CD
32307	530	13	10^{-12	10^{-12	CD
32307	530	14	}	}	-RRB-
32307	530	15	to	to	IN
32307	530	16	0.31	0.31	CD
32307	530	17	×	×	NN
32307	530	18	10^{-12	10^{-12	CD
32307	530	19	}	}	-RRB-
32307	530	20	grams	gram	NNS
32307	530	21	of	of	IN
32307	530	22	radium	radium	NN
32307	530	23	per	per	IN
32307	530	24	gram	gram	NN
32307	530	25	of	of	IN
32307	530	26	the	the	DT
32307	530	27	rock	rock	NN
32307	530	28	.	.	.
32307	531	1	Aqueous	aqueous	JJ
32307	531	2	rocks	rock	NNS
32307	531	3	have	have	VBP
32307	531	4	shown	show	VBN
32307	531	5	a	a	DT
32307	531	6	lesser	less	JJR
32307	531	7	amount	amount	NN
32307	531	8	,	,	,
32307	531	9	ranging	range	VBG
32307	531	10	from	from	IN
32307	531	11	2.92	2.92	CD
32307	531	12	×	×	NN
32307	531	13	10^{-12	10^{-12	CD
32307	531	14	}	}	-RRB-
32307	531	15	to	to	IN
32307	531	16	0.86	0.86	CD
32307	531	17	×	×	NNS
32307	531	18	10^{-12	10^{-12	CD
32307	531	19	}	}	-RRB-
32307	531	20	grams	gram	NNS
32307	531	21	.	.	.
32307	532	1	As	as	IN
32307	532	2	the	the	DT
32307	532	3	soil	soil	NN
32307	532	4	is	be	VBZ
32307	532	5	formed	form	VBN
32307	532	6	by	by	IN
32307	532	7	the	the	DT
32307	532	8	decomposition	decomposition	NN
32307	532	9	of	of	IN
32307	532	10	these	these	DT
32307	532	11	rocks	rock	NNS
32307	532	12	,	,	,
32307	532	13	radium	radium	NN
32307	532	14	is	be	VBZ
32307	532	15	present	present	JJ
32307	532	16	in	in	IN
32307	532	17	varying	vary	VBG
32307	532	18	amounts	amount	NNS
32307	532	19	in	in	IN
32307	532	20	all	all	DT
32307	532	21	kinds	kind	NNS
32307	532	22	of	of	IN
32307	532	23	soil	soil	NN
32307	532	24	.	.	.
32307	533	1	Presence	presence	NN
32307	533	2	in	in	IN
32307	533	3	Air	Air	NNP
32307	533	4	and	and	CC
32307	533	5	Soil	Soil	NNP
32307	533	6	Waters	Waters	NNP
32307	533	7	As	as	IN
32307	533	8	radium	radium	NN
32307	533	9	is	be	VBZ
32307	533	10	transformed	transform	VBN
32307	533	11	into	into	IN
32307	533	12	the	the	DT
32307	533	13	gaseous	gaseous	JJ
32307	533	14	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	533	15	,	,	,
32307	533	16	this	this	DT
32307	533	17	will	will	MD
32307	533	18	escape	escape	VB
32307	533	19	wherever	wherever	WRB
32307	533	20	the	the	DT
32307	533	21	soil	soil	NN
32307	533	22	is	be	VBZ
32307	533	23	not	not	RB
32307	533	24	enclosed	enclose	VBN
32307	533	25	.	.	.
32307	534	1	For	for	IN
32307	534	2	instance	instance	NN
32307	534	3	,	,	,
32307	534	4	a	a	DT
32307	534	5	larger	large	JJR
32307	534	6	amount	amount	NN
32307	534	7	of	of	IN
32307	534	8	radio	radio	NN
32307	534	9	-	-	HYPH
32307	534	10	activity	activity	NN
32307	534	11	is	be	VBZ
32307	534	12	found	find	VBN
32307	534	13	in	in	IN
32307	534	14	the	the	DT
32307	534	15	soil	soil	NN
32307	534	16	of	of	IN
32307	534	17	caves	cave	NNS
32307	534	18	and	and	CC
32307	534	19	cellars	cellar	NNS
32307	534	20	than	than	IN
32307	534	21	in	in	IN
32307	534	22	open	open	JJ
32307	534	23	soils	soil	NNS
32307	534	24	.	.	.
32307	535	1	If	if	IN
32307	535	2	an	an	DT
32307	535	3	iron	iron	NN
32307	535	4	pipe	pipe	NN
32307	535	5	is	be	VBZ
32307	535	6	sunk	sink	VBN
32307	535	7	into	into	IN
32307	535	8	a	a	DT
32307	535	9	soil	soil	NN
32307	535	10	and	and	CC
32307	535	11	the	the	DT
32307	535	12	air	air	NN
32307	535	13	of	of	IN
32307	535	14	the	the	DT
32307	535	15	soil	soil	NN
32307	535	16	sucked	suck	VBD
32307	535	17	up	up	RP
32307	535	18	into	into	IN
32307	535	19	a	a	DT
32307	535	20	large	large	JJ
32307	535	21	electroscope	electroscope	NN
32307	535	22	,	,	,
32307	535	23	the	the	DT
32307	535	24	latter	latter	JJ
32307	535	25	instrument	instrument	NN
32307	535	26	will	will	MD
32307	535	27	show	show	VB
32307	535	28	the	the	DT
32307	535	29	effect	effect	NN
32307	535	30	of	of	IN
32307	535	31	the	the	DT
32307	535	32	rays	ray	NNS
32307	535	33	emitted	emit	VBN
32307	535	34	and	and	CC
32307	535	35	will	will	MD
32307	535	36	measure	measure	VB
32307	535	37	the	the	DT
32307	535	38	degree	degree	NN
32307	535	39	of	of	IN
32307	535	40	activity	activity	NN
32307	535	41	.	.	.
32307	536	1	Also	also	RB
32307	536	2	the	the	DT
32307	536	3	interior	interior	NN
32307	536	4	of	of	IN
32307	536	5	the	the	DT
32307	536	6	pipe	pipe	NN
32307	536	7	will	will	MD
32307	536	8	receive	receive	VB
32307	536	9	a	a	DT
32307	536	10	deposit	deposit	NN
32307	536	11	of	of	IN
32307	536	12	the	the	DT
32307	536	13	radio	radio	NN
32307	536	14	-	-	HYPH
32307	536	15	active	active	JJ
32307	536	16	material	material	NN
32307	536	17	and	and	CC
32307	536	18	will	will	MD
32307	536	19	show	show	VB
32307	536	20	appreciable	appreciable	JJ
32307	536	21	radio	radio	NN
32307	536	22	-	-	HYPH
32307	536	23	activity	activity	NN
32307	536	24	after	after	IN
32307	536	25	being	be	VBG
32307	536	26	removed	remove	VBN
32307	536	27	from	from	IN
32307	536	28	the	the	DT
32307	536	29	soil	soil	NN
32307	536	30	.	.	.
32307	537	1	This	this	DT
32307	537	2	radium	radium	NN
32307	537	3	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	537	4	is	be	VBZ
32307	537	5	dissolved	dissolve	VBN
32307	537	6	in	in	IN
32307	537	7	the	the	DT
32307	537	8	soil	soil	NN
32307	537	9	waters	water	NNS
32307	537	10	,	,	,
32307	537	11	wells	well	NNS
32307	537	12	,	,	,
32307	537	13	springs	spring	NNS
32307	537	14	,	,	,
32307	537	15	and	and	CC
32307	537	16	rivers	river	NNS
32307	537	17	,	,	,
32307	537	18	rendering	render	VBG
32307	537	19	them	-PRON-	PRP
32307	537	20	more	more	RBR
32307	537	21	or	or	CC
32307	537	22	less	less	RBR
32307	537	23	radio	radio	NN
32307	537	24	-	-	HYPH
32307	537	25	active	active	JJ
32307	537	26	,	,	,
32307	537	27	and	and	CC
32307	537	28	sometimes	sometimes	RB
32307	537	29	the	the	DT
32307	537	30	muddy	muddy	JJ
32307	537	31	deposit	deposit	NN
32307	537	32	at	at	IN
32307	537	33	the	the	DT
32307	537	34	bottom	bottom	NN
32307	537	35	of	of	IN
32307	537	36	a	a	DT
32307	537	37	spring	spring	NN
32307	537	38	shows	show	NNS
32307	537	39	decided	decide	VBD
32307	537	40	radio	radio	NN
32307	537	41	-	-	HYPH
32307	537	42	activity	activity	NN
32307	537	43	.	.	.
32307	538	1	The	the	DT
32307	538	2	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	538	3	also	also	RB
32307	538	4	escapes	escape	VBZ
32307	538	5	into	into	IN
32307	538	6	the	the	DT
32307	538	7	air	air	NN
32307	538	8	so	so	IN
32307	538	9	that	that	IN
32307	538	10	many	many	JJ
32307	538	11	observations	observation	NNS
32307	538	12	made	make	VBN
32307	538	13	in	in	IN
32307	538	14	various	various	JJ
32307	538	15	places	place	NNS
32307	538	16	show	show	VBP
32307	538	17	that	that	IN
32307	538	18	the	the	DT
32307	538	19	radium	radium	NN
32307	538	20	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	538	21	is	be	VBZ
32307	538	22	everywhere	everywhere	RB
32307	538	23	present	present	JJ
32307	538	24	in	in	IN
32307	538	25	the	the	DT
32307	538	26	atmosphere	atmosphere	NN
32307	538	27	.	.	.
32307	539	1	Neither	neither	DT
32307	539	2	summer	summer	NN
32307	539	3	nor	nor	CC
32307	539	4	winter	winter	NN
32307	539	5	seems	seem	VBZ
32307	539	6	to	to	TO
32307	539	7	affect	affect	VB
32307	539	8	this	this	DT
32307	539	9	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	539	10	,	,	,
32307	539	11	and	and	CC
32307	539	12	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	539	13	extends	extend	VBZ
32307	539	14	certainly	certainly	RB
32307	539	15	to	to	IN
32307	539	16	a	a	DT
32307	539	17	height	height	NN
32307	539	18	of	of	IN
32307	539	19	two	two	CD
32307	539	20	or	or	CC
32307	539	21	three	three	CD
32307	539	22	miles	mile	NNS
32307	539	23	.	.	.
32307	540	1	Rain	rain	NN
32307	540	2	,	,	,
32307	540	3	falling	fall	VBG
32307	540	4	through	through	IN
32307	540	5	the	the	DT
32307	540	6	air	air	NN
32307	540	7	,	,	,
32307	540	8	dissolves	dissolve	VBZ
32307	540	9	some	some	DT
32307	540	10	of	of	IN
32307	540	11	the	the	DT
32307	540	12	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	540	13	,	,	,
32307	540	14	so	so	IN
32307	540	15	that	that	IN
32307	540	16	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	540	17	may	may	MD
32307	540	18	be	be	VB
32307	540	19	found	find	VBN
32307	540	20	in	in	IN
32307	540	21	freshly	freshly	RB
32307	540	22	-	-	HYPH
32307	540	23	fallen	fall	VBN
32307	540	24	rain	rain	NN
32307	540	25	water	water	NN
32307	540	26	and	and	CC
32307	540	27	also	also	RB
32307	540	28	in	in	IN
32307	540	29	freshly	freshly	RB
32307	540	30	-	-	HYPH
32307	540	31	fallen	fall	VBN
32307	540	32	snow	snow	NN
32307	540	33	.	.	.
32307	541	1	Radio	radio	NN
32307	541	2	-	-	HYPH
32307	541	3	active	active	JJ
32307	541	4	deposits	deposit	NNS
32307	541	5	are	be	VBP
32307	541	6	found	find	VBN
32307	541	7	upon	upon	IN
32307	541	8	electrically	electrically	RB
32307	541	9	charged	charge	VBN
32307	541	10	wires	wire	NNS
32307	541	11	exposed	expose	VBN
32307	541	12	near	near	IN
32307	541	13	the	the	DT
32307	541	14	earth	earth	NN
32307	541	15	's	's	POS
32307	541	16	surface	surface	NN
32307	541	17	.	.	.
32307	542	1	As	as	IN
32307	542	2	helium	helium	NN
32307	542	3	is	be	VBZ
32307	542	4	the	the	DT
32307	542	5	resulting	result	VBG
32307	542	6	product	product	NN
32307	542	7	of	of	IN
32307	542	8	the	the	DT
32307	542	9	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	542	10	particles	particle	NNS
32307	542	11	emitted	emit	VBN
32307	542	12	by	by	IN
32307	542	13	the	the	DT
32307	542	14	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	542	15	and	and	CC
32307	542	16	other	other	JJ
32307	542	17	radio	radio	NN
32307	542	18	-	-	HYPH
32307	542	19	active	active	JJ
32307	542	20	bodies	body	NNS
32307	542	21	,	,	,
32307	542	22	it	-PRON-	PRP
32307	542	23	is	be	VBZ
32307	542	24	found	find	VBN
32307	542	25	in	in	IN
32307	542	26	the	the	DT
32307	542	27	soil	soil	NN
32307	542	28	air	air	NN
32307	542	29	,	,	,
32307	542	30	soil	soil	NN
32307	542	31	waters	water	NNS
32307	542	32	,	,	,
32307	542	33	and	and	CC
32307	542	34	atmosphere	atmosphere	NN
32307	542	35	.	.	.
32307	543	1	Average	average	JJ
32307	543	2	measurements	measurement	NNS
32307	543	3	of	of	IN
32307	543	4	the	the	DT
32307	543	5	radio	radio	NN
32307	543	6	-	-	HYPH
32307	543	7	activity	activity	NN
32307	543	8	of	of	IN
32307	543	9	the	the	DT
32307	543	10	atmosphere	atmosphere	NN
32307	543	11	have	have	VBP
32307	543	12	led	lead	VBN
32307	543	13	to	to	IN
32307	543	14	the	the	DT
32307	543	15	calculation	calculation	NN
32307	543	16	that	that	IN
32307	543	17	about	about	RB
32307	543	18	one	one	CD
32307	543	19	gram	gram	NN
32307	543	20	of	of	IN
32307	543	21	radium	radium	NN
32307	543	22	per	per	IN
32307	543	23	square	square	JJ
32307	543	24	kilometer	kilometer	NN
32307	543	25	of	of	IN
32307	543	26	the	the	DT
32307	543	27	earth	earth	NN
32307	543	28	's	's	POS
32307	543	29	surface	surface	NN
32307	543	30	is	be	VBZ
32307	543	31	requisite	requisite	JJ
32307	543	32	to	to	TO
32307	543	33	keep	keep	VB
32307	543	34	up	up	RP
32307	543	35	the	the	DT
32307	543	36	supply	supply	NN
32307	543	37	of	of	IN
32307	543	38	the	the	DT
32307	543	39	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	543	40	.	.	.
32307	544	1	A	a	DT
32307	544	2	number	number	NN
32307	544	3	of	of	IN
32307	544	4	estimates	estimate	NNS
32307	544	5	have	have	VBP
32307	544	6	been	be	VBN
32307	544	7	given	give	VBN
32307	544	8	as	as	IN
32307	544	9	to	to	IN
32307	544	10	the	the	DT
32307	544	11	heat	heat	NN
32307	544	12	produced	produce	VBN
32307	544	13	by	by	IN
32307	544	14	the	the	DT
32307	544	15	radio	radio	NN
32307	544	16	-	-	HYPH
32307	544	17	active	active	JJ
32307	544	18	transformations	transformation	NNS
32307	544	19	going	go	VBG
32307	544	20	on	on	RP
32307	544	21	in	in	IN
32307	544	22	the	the	DT
32307	544	23	material	material	NN
32307	544	24	of	of	IN
32307	544	25	this	this	DT
32307	544	26	planet	planet	NN
32307	544	27	.	.	.
32307	545	1	Actual	actual	JJ
32307	545	2	data	datum	NNS
32307	545	3	are	be	VBP
32307	545	4	scarce	scarce	JJ
32307	545	5	and	and	CC
32307	545	6	mere	mere	JJ
32307	545	7	assumptions	assumption	NNS
32307	545	8	unsatisfactory	unsatisfactory	JJ
32307	545	9	,	,	,
32307	545	10	so	so	RB
32307	545	11	little	little	JJ
32307	545	12	that	that	DT
32307	545	13	is	be	VBZ
32307	545	14	worth	worth	JJ
32307	545	15	while	while	IN
32307	545	16	can	can	MD
32307	545	17	be	be	VB
32307	545	18	deduced	deduce	VBN
32307	545	19	.	.	.
32307	546	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
32307	546	2	is	be	VBZ
32307	546	3	possible	possible	JJ
32307	546	4	that	that	IN
32307	546	5	this	this	DT
32307	546	6	source	source	NN
32307	546	7	of	of	IN
32307	546	8	heat	heat	NN
32307	546	9	may	may	MD
32307	546	10	have	have	VB
32307	546	11	an	an	DT
32307	546	12	appreciable	appreciable	JJ
32307	546	13	effect	effect	NN
32307	546	14	upon	upon	IN
32307	546	15	or	or	CC
32307	546	16	serve	serve	VB
32307	546	17	to	to	TO
32307	546	18	balance	balance	VB
32307	546	19	the	the	DT
32307	546	20	earth	earth	NN
32307	546	21	's	's	POS
32307	546	22	rate	rate	NN
32307	546	23	of	of	IN
32307	546	24	cooling	cooling	NN
32307	546	25	.	.	.
32307	547	1	Cosmical	Cosmical	NNP
32307	547	2	Radio	Radio	NNP
32307	547	3	-	-	HYPH
32307	547	4	activity	activity	NN
32307	547	5	Meteorites	Meteorites	NNPS
32307	547	6	of	of	IN
32307	547	7	iron	iron	NN
32307	547	8	coming	come	VBG
32307	547	9	from	from	IN
32307	547	10	other	other	JJ
32307	547	11	celestial	celestial	JJ
32307	547	12	bodies	body	NNS
32307	547	13	have	have	VBP
32307	547	14	not	not	RB
32307	547	15	shown	show	VBN
32307	547	16	the	the	DT
32307	547	17	presence	presence	NN
32307	547	18	of	of	IN
32307	547	19	radium	radium	NN
32307	547	20	.	.	.
32307	548	1	Aerolites	aerolite	NNS
32307	548	2	or	or	CC
32307	548	3	stone	stone	NN
32307	548	4	meteorites	meteorite	NNS
32307	548	5	have	have	VBP
32307	548	6	been	be	VBN
32307	548	7	found	find	VBN
32307	548	8	to	to	TO
32307	548	9	contain	contain	VB
32307	548	10	as	as	RB
32307	548	11	much	much	JJ
32307	548	12	as	as	IN
32307	548	13	similar	similar	JJ
32307	548	14	terrestrial	terrestrial	JJ
32307	548	15	rock	rock	NN
32307	548	16	.	.	.
32307	549	1	Since	since	IN
32307	549	2	the	the	DT
32307	549	3	sun	sun	NN
32307	549	4	contains	contain	VBZ
32307	549	5	helium	helium	NN
32307	549	6	and	and	CC
32307	549	7	some	some	DT
32307	549	8	stars	star	NNS
32307	549	9	show	show	VBP
32307	549	10	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	549	11	presence	presence	NN
32307	549	12	as	as	IN
32307	549	13	predominating	predominate	VBG
32307	549	14	,	,	,
32307	549	15	this	this	DT
32307	549	16	suggests	suggest	VBZ
32307	549	17	the	the	DT
32307	549	18	presence	presence	NN
32307	549	19	of	of	IN
32307	549	20	radio	radio	NN
32307	549	21	-	-	HYPH
32307	549	22	active	active	JJ
32307	549	23	matter	matter	NN
32307	549	24	in	in	IN
32307	549	25	these	these	DT
32307	549	26	bodies	body	NNS
32307	549	27	.	.	.
32307	550	1	In	in	IN
32307	550	2	addition	addition	NN
32307	550	3	,	,	,
32307	550	4	the	the	DT
32307	550	5	spectral	spectral	JJ
32307	550	6	lines	line	NNS
32307	550	7	of	of	IN
32307	550	8	uranium	uranium	NN
32307	550	9	,	,	,
32307	550	10	radium	radium	NN
32307	550	11	,	,	,
32307	550	12	and	and	CC
32307	550	13	the	the	DT
32307	550	14	radium	radium	NN
32307	550	15	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	550	16	have	have	VBP
32307	550	17	been	be	VBN
32307	550	18	reported	report	VBN
32307	550	19	as	as	IN
32307	550	20	being	be	VBG
32307	550	21	found	find	VBN
32307	550	22	in	in	IN
32307	550	23	the	the	DT
32307	550	24	sun	sun	NN
32307	550	25	's	's	POS
32307	550	26	spectrum	spectrum	NN
32307	550	27	and	and	CC
32307	550	28	also	also	RB
32307	550	29	in	in	IN
32307	550	30	the	the	DT
32307	550	31	new	new	JJ
32307	550	32	star	star	NN
32307	550	33	,	,	,
32307	550	34	_	_	NNP
32307	550	35	Nova	Nova	NNP
32307	550	36	Geminorum	Geminorum	NNP
32307	550	37	2	2	CD
32307	550	38	_	_	NNP
32307	550	39	.	.	.
32307	551	1	These	these	DT
32307	551	2	observations	observation	NNS
32307	551	3	await	await	VBP
32307	551	4	further	further	JJ
32307	551	5	investigation	investigation	NN
32307	551	6	and	and	CC
32307	551	7	confirmation	confirmation	NN
32307	551	8	.	.	.
32307	552	1	So	so	RB
32307	552	2	far	far	RB
32307	552	3	as	as	IN
32307	552	4	the	the	DT
32307	552	5	sun	sun	NN
32307	552	6	's	's	POS
32307	552	7	chromosphere	chromosphere	NN
32307	552	8	is	be	VBZ
32307	552	9	concerned	concern	VBN
32307	552	10	,	,	,
32307	552	11	the	the	DT
32307	552	12	possible	possible	JJ
32307	552	13	amount	amount	NN
32307	552	14	of	of	IN
32307	552	15	radium	radium	NN
32307	552	16	present	present	NN
32307	552	17	would	would	MD
32307	552	18	seem	seem	VB
32307	552	19	to	to	TO
32307	552	20	be	be	VB
32307	552	21	very	very	RB
32307	552	22	small	small	JJ
32307	552	23	.	.	.
32307	553	1	If	if	IN
32307	553	2	this	this	DT
32307	553	3	is	be	VBZ
32307	553	4	true	true	JJ
32307	553	5	,	,	,
32307	553	6	radio	radio	NN
32307	553	7	-	-	HYPH
32307	553	8	active	active	JJ
32307	553	9	processes	process	NNS
32307	553	10	could	could	MD
32307	553	11	have	have	VB
32307	553	12	little	little	JJ
32307	553	13	to	to	TO
32307	553	14	do	do	VB
32307	553	15	with	with	IN
32307	553	16	the	the	DT
32307	553	17	sun	sun	NN
32307	553	18	's	's	POS
32307	553	19	heat	heat	NN
32307	553	20	.	.	.
32307	554	1	The	the	DT
32307	554	2	statement	statement	NN
32307	554	3	is	be	VBZ
32307	554	4	made	make	VBN
32307	554	5	by	by	IN
32307	554	6	Rutherford	Rutherford	NNP
32307	554	7	that	that	IN
32307	554	8	indirect	indirect	JJ
32307	554	9	evidence	evidence	NN
32307	554	10	obtained	obtain	VBN
32307	554	11	from	from	IN
32307	554	12	the	the	DT
32307	554	13	study	study	NN
32307	554	14	of	of	IN
32307	554	15	the	the	DT
32307	554	16	aurora	aurora	NNP
32307	554	17	suggests	suggest	VBZ
32307	554	18	that	that	IN
32307	554	19	the	the	DT
32307	554	20	sun	sun	NN
32307	554	21	emits	emit	VBZ
32307	554	22	rays	ray	NNS
32307	554	23	similar	similar	JJ
32307	554	24	in	in	IN
32307	554	25	type	type	NN
32307	554	26	to	to	IN
32307	554	27	the	the	DT
32307	554	28	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	554	29	and	and	CC
32307	554	30	beta	beta	NN
32307	554	31	rays	ray	NNS
32307	554	32	.	.	.
32307	555	1	Such	such	JJ
32307	555	2	rays	ray	NNS
32307	555	3	would	would	MD
32307	555	4	be	be	VB
32307	555	5	absorbed	absorb	VBN
32307	555	6	,	,	,
32307	555	7	and	and	CC
32307	555	8	the	the	DT
32307	555	9	gamma	gamma	NN
32307	555	10	rays	ray	NNS
32307	555	11	likewise	likewise	RB
32307	555	12	,	,	,
32307	555	13	in	in	IN
32307	555	14	passing	pass	VBG
32307	555	15	through	through	IN
32307	555	16	the	the	DT
32307	555	17	earth	earth	NN
32307	555	18	's	's	POS
32307	555	19	atmosphere	atmosphere	NN
32307	555	20	and	and	CC
32307	555	21	so	so	RB
32307	555	22	escape	escape	VB
32307	555	23	ordinary	ordinary	JJ
32307	555	24	observation	observation	NN
32307	555	25	.	.	.
32307	556	1	All	all	DT
32307	556	2	of	of	IN
32307	556	3	this	this	DT
32307	556	4	is	be	VBZ
32307	556	5	but	but	CC
32307	556	6	further	further	JJ
32307	556	7	evidence	evidence	NN
32307	556	8	of	of	IN
32307	556	9	the	the	DT
32307	556	10	unity	unity	NN
32307	556	11	of	of	IN
32307	556	12	matter	matter	NN
32307	556	13	and	and	CC
32307	556	14	of	of	IN
32307	556	15	forces	force	NNS
32307	556	16	in	in	IN
32307	556	17	the	the	DT
32307	556	18	universe	universe	NN
32307	556	19	.	.	.
32307	557	1	INDEX	INDEX	NNP
32307	557	2	Actinium	Actinium	NNP
32307	557	3	,	,	,
32307	557	4	discovery	discovery	NN
32307	557	5	of	of	IN
32307	557	6	,	,	,
32307	557	7	6	6	CD
32307	557	8	Activity	Activity	NNP
32307	557	9	,	,	,
32307	557	10	induced	induce	VBN
32307	557	11	,	,	,
32307	557	12	17	17	CD
32307	557	13	Alpha	alpha	NN
32307	557	14	particles	particle	NNS
32307	557	15	,	,	,
32307	557	16	effect	effect	NN
32307	557	17	of	of	IN
32307	557	18	loss	loss	NN
32307	557	19	on	on	IN
32307	557	20	Atomic	Atomic	NNP
32307	557	21	Weight	Weight	NNP
32307	557	22	,	,	,
32307	557	23	45	45	CD
32307	557	24	electrical	electrical	JJ
32307	557	25	charge	charge	NN
32307	557	26	of	of	IN
32307	557	27	,	,	,
32307	557	28	26	26	CD
32307	557	29	form	form	NN
32307	557	30	helium	helium	NN
32307	557	31	,	,	,
32307	557	32	27	27	CD
32307	557	33	nature	nature	NN
32307	557	34	of	of	IN
32307	557	35	,	,	,
32307	557	36	25	25	CD
32307	557	37	penetrating	penetrating	NN
32307	557	38	power	power	NN
32307	557	39	of	of	IN
32307	557	40	,	,	,
32307	557	41	39	39	CD
32307	557	42	position	position	NN
32307	557	43	of	of	IN
32307	557	44	element	element	NN
32307	557	45	changed	change	VBN
32307	557	46	by	by	IN
32307	557	47	its	-PRON-	PRP$
32307	557	48	loss	loss	NN
32307	557	49	,	,	,
32307	557	50	46	46	CD
32307	557	51	recoil	recoil	NN
32307	557	52	,	,	,
32307	557	53	39	39	CD
32307	557	54	scattering	scattering	NN
32307	557	55	of	of	IN
32307	557	56	,	,	,
32307	557	57	38	38	CD
32307	557	58	solid	solid	JJ
32307	557	59	,	,	,
32307	557	60	26	26	CD
32307	557	61	Atom	Atom	NNP
32307	557	62	,	,	,
32307	557	63	constitution	constitution	NN
32307	557	64	of	of	IN
32307	557	65	,	,	,
32307	557	66	36	36	CD
32307	557	67	Kelvin	Kelvin	NNP
32307	557	68	's	's	POS
32307	557	69	,	,	,
32307	557	70	37	37	CD
32307	557	71	models	model	NNS
32307	557	72	of	of	IN
32307	557	73	,	,	,
32307	557	74	37	37	CD
32307	557	75	Rutherford	Rutherford	NNP
32307	557	76	's	's	POS
32307	557	77	,	,	,
32307	557	78	37	37	CD
32307	557	79	Atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	557	80	number	number	NN
32307	557	81	,	,	,
32307	557	82	determination	determination	NN
32307	557	83	of	of	IN
32307	557	84	,	,	,
32307	557	85	43	43	CD
32307	557	86	Becquerel	Becquerel	NNP
32307	557	87	's	's	POS
32307	557	88	experiments	experiment	NNS
32307	557	89	,	,	,
32307	557	90	2	2	CD
32307	557	91	Beta	beta	JJ
32307	557	92	particles	particle	NNS
32307	557	93	,	,	,
32307	557	94	change	change	VBP
32307	557	95	in	in	IN
32307	557	96	position	position	NN
32307	557	97	of	of	IN
32307	557	98	element	element	NN
32307	557	99	by	by	IN
32307	557	100	loss	loss	NN
32307	557	101	of	of	IN
32307	557	102	,	,	,
32307	557	103	47	47	CD
32307	557	104	Chalcolite	Chalcolite	NNP
32307	557	105	,	,	,
32307	557	106	natural	natural	JJ
32307	557	107	and	and	CC
32307	557	108	artificial	artificial	JJ
32307	557	109	,	,	,
32307	557	110	4	4	CD
32307	557	111	Constants	Constants	NNPS
32307	557	112	,	,	,
32307	557	113	table	table	NN
32307	557	114	of	of	IN
32307	557	115	,	,	,
32307	557	116	31	31	CD
32307	557	117	Curie	Curie	NNP
32307	557	118	unit	unit	NN
32307	557	119	,	,	,
32307	557	120	22	22	CD
32307	557	121	Disintegration	disintegration	NN
32307	557	122	of	of	IN
32307	557	123	the	the	DT
32307	557	124	element	element	NN
32307	557	125	,	,	,
32307	557	126	25	25	CD
32307	557	127	Disintegration	Disintegration	NNP
32307	557	128	series	series	NN
32307	557	129	,	,	,
32307	557	130	24	24	CD
32307	557	131	Disintegration	disintegration	NN
32307	557	132	theory	theory	NN
32307	557	133	,	,	,
32307	557	134	35	35	CD
32307	557	135	Electroscope	Electroscope	NNP
32307	557	136	,	,	,
32307	557	137	12	12	CD
32307	557	138	Equilibrium	equilibrium	NN
32307	557	139	series	series	NN
32307	557	140	,	,	,
32307	557	141	22	22	CD
32307	557	142	Helium	Helium	NNP
32307	557	143	,	,	,
32307	557	144	characteristics	characteristic	NNS
32307	557	145	of	of	IN
32307	557	146	,	,	,
32307	557	147	30	30	CD
32307	557	148	discovery	discovery	NN
32307	557	149	of	of	IN
32307	557	150	,	,	,
32307	557	151	29	29	CD
32307	557	152	Ionium	ionium	NN
32307	557	153	,	,	,
32307	557	154	discovery	discovery	NN
32307	557	155	of	of	IN
32307	557	156	,	,	,
32307	557	157	6	6	CD
32307	557	158	Ionization	ionization	NN
32307	557	159	,	,	,
32307	557	160	application	application	NN
32307	557	161	of	of	IN
32307	557	162	electric	electric	JJ
32307	557	163	field	field	NN
32307	557	164	to	to	IN
32307	557	165	,	,	,
32307	557	166	10	10	CD
32307	557	167	experimental	experimental	JJ
32307	557	168	confirmation	confirmation	NN
32307	557	169	,	,	,
32307	557	170	9	9	CD
32307	557	171	Ionization	ionization	NN
32307	557	172	of	of	IN
32307	557	173	gases	gas	NNS
32307	557	174	,	,	,
32307	557	175	7	7	CD
32307	557	176	theory	theory	NN
32307	557	177	of	of	IN
32307	557	178	,	,	,
32307	557	179	8	8	CD
32307	557	180	Ions	ion	NNS
32307	557	181	,	,	,
32307	557	182	size	size	NN
32307	557	183	and	and	CC
32307	557	184	nature	nature	NN
32307	557	185	of	of	IN
32307	557	186	,	,	,
32307	557	187	10	10	CD
32307	557	188	Isotopes	Isotopes	NNPS
32307	557	189	,	,	,
32307	557	190	47	47	CD
32307	557	191	Lead	lead	NN
32307	557	192	,	,	,
32307	557	193	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	557	194	weight	weight	NN
32307	557	195	varies	vary	VBZ
32307	557	196	with	with	IN
32307	557	197	source	source	NN
32307	557	198	,	,	,
32307	557	199	45	45	CD
32307	557	200	radio	radio	NN
32307	557	201	-	-	HYPH
32307	557	202	active	active	JJ
32307	557	203	,	,	,
32307	557	204	6	6	CD
32307	557	205	the	the	DT
32307	557	206	end	end	NN
32307	557	207	product	product	NN
32307	557	208	,	,	,
32307	557	209	45	45	CD
32307	557	210	Life	life	NN
32307	557	211	-	-	HYPH
32307	557	212	periods	period	NNS
32307	557	213	of	of	IN
32307	557	214	radio	radio	NN
32307	557	215	-	-	HYPH
32307	557	216	active	active	JJ
32307	557	217	bodies	body	NNS
32307	557	218	,	,	,
32307	557	219	21	21	CD
32307	557	220	Periodic	periodic	JJ
32307	557	221	system	system	NN
32307	557	222	,	,	,
32307	557	223	41	41	CD
32307	557	224	basis	basis	NN
32307	557	225	of	of	IN
32307	557	226	,	,	,
32307	557	227	42	42	CD
32307	557	228	Polonium	Polonium	NNP
32307	557	229	,	,	,
32307	557	230	discovery	discovery	NN
32307	557	231	of	of	IN
32307	557	232	,	,	,
32307	557	233	4	4	CD
32307	557	234	Positive	positive	JJ
32307	557	235	nucleus	nucleus	NN
32307	557	236	,	,	,
32307	557	237	influence	influence	NN
32307	557	238	of	of	IN
32307	557	239	,	,	,
32307	557	240	43	43	CD
32307	557	241	Potassium	Potassium	NNP
32307	557	242	,	,	,
32307	557	243	radio	radio	NN
32307	557	244	-	-	HYPH
32307	557	245	activity	activity	NN
32307	557	246	of	of	IN
32307	557	247	,	,	,
32307	557	248	3	3	CD
32307	557	249	Radiations	Radiations	NNPS
32307	557	250	,	,	,
32307	557	251	action	action	NN
32307	557	252	on	on	IN
32307	557	253	phosphorescent	phosphorescent	JJ
32307	557	254	bodies	body	NNS
32307	557	255	,	,	,
32307	557	256	13	13	CD
32307	557	257	action	action	NN
32307	557	258	on	on	IN
32307	557	259	photographic	photographic	JJ
32307	557	260	plates	plate	NNS
32307	557	261	,	,	,
32307	557	262	11	11	CD
32307	557	263	discharge	discharge	NN
32307	557	264	electrified	electrify	VBD
32307	557	265	bodies	body	NNS
32307	557	266	,	,	,
32307	557	267	12	12	CD
32307	557	268	magnetic	magnetic	JJ
32307	557	269	deflection	deflection	NN
32307	557	270	of	of	IN
32307	557	271	,	,	,
32307	557	272	14	14	CD
32307	557	273	measurements	measurement	NNS
32307	557	274	of	of	IN
32307	557	275	,	,	,
32307	557	276	15	15	CD
32307	557	277	penetrating	penetrating	NN
32307	557	278	power	power	NN
32307	557	279	of	of	IN
32307	557	280	,	,	,
32307	557	281	13	13	CD
32307	557	282	,	,	,
32307	557	283	15	15	CD
32307	557	284	Radio	radio	NN
32307	557	285	-	-	HYPH
32307	557	286	active	active	JJ
32307	557	287	bodies	body	NNS
32307	557	288	,	,	,
32307	557	289	elemental	elemental	JJ
32307	557	290	nature	nature	NN
32307	557	291	of	of	IN
32307	557	292	,	,	,
32307	557	293	20	20	CD
32307	557	294	examination	examination	NN
32307	557	295	of	of	IN
32307	557	296	,	,	,
32307	557	297	20	20	CD
32307	557	298	life	life	NN
32307	557	299	periods	period	NNS
32307	557	300	of	of	IN
32307	557	301	,	,	,
32307	557	302	21	21	CD
32307	557	303	Radio	radio	NN
32307	557	304	-	-	HYPH
32307	557	305	activity	activity	NN
32307	557	306	,	,	,
32307	557	307	an	an	DT
32307	557	308	atomic	atomic	JJ
32307	557	309	property	property	NN
32307	557	310	,	,	,
32307	557	311	3	3	CD
32307	557	312	cosmical	cosmical	JJ
32307	557	313	,	,	,
32307	557	314	51	51	CD
32307	557	315	influence	influence	NN
32307	557	316	on	on	IN
32307	557	317	chemical	chemical	NN
32307	557	318	theory	theory	NN
32307	557	319	,	,	,
32307	557	320	41	41	CD
32307	557	321	products	product	NNS
32307	557	322	in	in	IN
32307	557	323	atmosphere	atmosphere	NN
32307	557	324	,	,	,
32307	557	325	51	51	CD
32307	557	326	products	product	NNS
32307	557	327	in	in	IN
32307	557	328	earth	earth	NN
32307	557	329	's	's	POS
32307	557	330	crust	crust	NN
32307	557	331	,	,	,
32307	557	332	50	50	CD
32307	557	333	products	product	NNS
32307	557	334	in	in	IN
32307	557	335	soil	soil	NN
32307	557	336	waters	water	NNS
32307	557	337	,	,	,
32307	557	338	50	50	CD
32307	557	339	Radium	Radium	NNP
32307	557	340	,	,	,
32307	557	341	action	action	NN
32307	557	342	on	on	IN
32307	557	343	organic	organic	JJ
32307	557	344	matter	matter	NN
32307	557	345	,	,	,
32307	557	346	etc	etc	FW
32307	557	347	.	.	.
32307	557	348	,	,	,
32307	557	349	33	33	CD
32307	557	350	amount	amount	NN
32307	557	351	in	in	IN
32307	557	352	pitchblende	pitchblende	NNP
32307	557	353	,	,	,
32307	557	354	5	5	CD
32307	557	355	discovery	discovery	NN
32307	557	356	of	of	IN
32307	557	357	,	,	,
32307	557	358	5	5	CD
32307	557	359	emanation	emanation	NN
32307	557	360	,	,	,
32307	557	361	22	22	CD
32307	557	362	energy	energy	NN
32307	557	363	evolved	evolve	VBN
32307	557	364	by	by	IN
32307	557	365	,	,	,
32307	557	366	34	34	CD
32307	557	367	properties	property	NNS
32307	557	368	of	of	IN
32307	557	369	,	,	,
32307	557	370	5	5	CD
32307	557	371	,	,	,
32307	557	372	32	32	CD
32307	557	373	Rays	ray	NNS
32307	557	374	,	,	,
32307	557	375	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	557	376	,	,	,
32307	557	377	15	15	CD
32307	557	378	,	,	,
32307	557	379	16	16	CD
32307	557	380	,	,	,
32307	557	381	26	26	CD
32307	557	382	beta	beta	NN
32307	557	383	,	,	,
32307	557	384	15	15	CD
32307	557	385	,	,	,
32307	557	386	16	16	CD
32307	557	387	gamma	gamma	NN
32307	557	388	,	,	,
32307	557	389	15	15	CD
32307	557	390	,	,	,
32307	557	391	16	16	CD
32307	557	392	identification	identification	NN
32307	557	393	of	of	IN
32307	557	394	,	,	,
32307	557	395	16	16	CD
32307	557	396	,	,	,
32307	557	397	25	25	CD
32307	557	398	magnetic	magnetic	JJ
32307	557	399	deflection	deflection	NN
32307	557	400	of	of	IN
32307	557	401	,	,	,
32307	557	402	14	14	CD
32307	557	403	photographing	photograph	VBG
32307	557	404	track	track	NN
32307	557	405	of	of	IN
32307	557	406	,	,	,
32307	557	407	10	10	CD
32307	557	408	types	type	NNS
32307	557	409	of	of	IN
32307	557	410	,	,	,
32307	557	411	14	14	CD
32307	557	412	Rubidium	rubidium	NN
32307	557	413	,	,	,
32307	557	414	radio	radio	NN
32307	557	415	-	-	HYPH
32307	557	416	activity	activity	NN
32307	557	417	of	of	IN
32307	557	418	,	,	,
32307	557	419	3	3	CD
32307	557	420	Spinthariscope	Spinthariscope	NNP
32307	557	421	,	,	,
32307	557	422	13	13	CD
32307	557	423	Stopping	stop	VBG
32307	557	424	power	power	NN
32307	557	425	of	of	IN
32307	557	426	substances	substance	NNS
32307	557	427	,	,	,
32307	557	428	39	39	CD
32307	557	429	Thorium	Thorium	NNP
32307	557	430	X	X	NNS
32307	557	431	,	,	,
32307	557	432	discovery	discovery	NN
32307	557	433	of	of	IN
32307	557	434	,	,	,
32307	557	435	18	18	CD
32307	557	436	,	,	,
32307	557	437	21	21	CD
32307	557	438	Uranium	Uranium	NNP
32307	557	439	atom	atom	NN
32307	557	440	,	,	,
32307	557	441	disintegration	disintegration	NN
32307	557	442	of	of	IN
32307	557	443	,	,	,
32307	557	444	36	36	CD
32307	557	445	Uranium	Uranium	NNP
32307	557	446	minerals	mineral	NNS
32307	557	447	,	,	,
32307	557	448	radio	radio	NN
32307	557	449	-	-	HYPH
32307	557	450	activity	activity	NN
32307	557	451	of	of	IN
32307	557	452	,	,	,
32307	557	453	3	3	CD
32307	557	454	Uranium	Uranium	NNP
32307	557	455	X	X	NNP
32307	557	456	,	,	,
32307	557	457	discovery	discovery	NN
32307	557	458	of	of	IN
32307	557	459	,	,	,
32307	557	460	17	17	CD
32307	557	461	,	,	,
32307	557	462	21	21	CD
32307	557	463	,	,	,
32307	557	464	23	23	CD
32307	557	465	X	x	NN
32307	557	466	-	-	NN
32307	557	467	ray	ray	NN
32307	557	468	spectra	spectra	NNP
32307	557	469	,	,	,
32307	557	470	44	44	CD
32307	557	471	Zinc	Zinc	NNP
32307	557	472	sulphide	sulphide	NN
32307	557	473	screen	screen	NN
32307	557	474	,	,	,
32307	557	475	13	13	CD
32307	557	476	TRANSCRIBER	TRANSCRIBER	NNP
32307	557	477	'S	'S	NNP
32307	557	478	NOTES	note	NNS
32307	557	479	1	1	CD
32307	557	480	.	.	.
32307	558	1	Passages	passage	NNS
32307	558	2	in	in	IN
32307	558	3	italics	italic	NNS
32307	558	4	are	be	VBP
32307	558	5	surrounded	surround	VBN
32307	558	6	by	by	IN
32307	558	7	_	_	NNP
32307	558	8	underscores	underscore	VBZ
32307	558	9	_	_	NNP
32307	558	10	.	.	.
32307	559	1	2	2	LS
32307	559	2	.	.	.
32307	560	1	Images	image	NNS
32307	560	2	have	have	VBP
32307	560	3	been	be	VBN
32307	560	4	moved	move	VBN
32307	560	5	from	from	IN
32307	560	6	the	the	DT
32307	560	7	middle	middle	NN
32307	560	8	of	of	IN
32307	560	9	a	a	DT
32307	560	10	paragraph	paragraph	NN
32307	560	11	to	to	IN
32307	560	12	the	the	DT
32307	560	13	closest	close	JJS
32307	560	14	paragraph	paragraph	NN
32307	560	15	break	break	NN
32307	560	16	.	.	.
32307	561	1	3	3	LS
32307	561	2	.	.	.
32307	562	1	The	the	DT
32307	562	2	original	original	JJ
32307	562	3	text	text	NN
32307	562	4	includes	include	VBZ
32307	562	5	certain	certain	JJ
32307	562	6	Greek	greek	JJ
32307	562	7	alphabets	alphabet	NNS
32307	562	8	.	.	.
32307	563	1	For	for	IN
32307	563	2	this	this	DT
32307	563	3	text	text	NN
32307	563	4	version	version	NN
32307	563	5	[	[	-LRB-
32307	563	6	alpha	alpha	NN
32307	563	7	]	]	-RRB-
32307	563	8	,	,	,
32307	563	9	[	[	-LRB-
32307	563	10	beta	beta	NN
32307	563	11	]	]	-RRB-
32307	563	12	,	,	,
32307	563	13	[	[	-LRB-
32307	563	14	gamma	gamma	NN
32307	563	15	]	]	-RRB-
32307	563	16	indicate	indicate	VBP
32307	563	17	first	first	JJ
32307	563	18	three	three	CD
32307	563	19	letters	letter	NNS
32307	563	20	of	of	IN
32307	563	21	Greek	greek	JJ
32307	563	22	alphabet	alphabet	NN
32307	563	23	respectively	respectively	RB
32307	563	24	.	.	.
32307	564	1	4	4	LS
32307	564	2	.	.	.
32307	565	1	In	in	IN
32307	565	2	this	this	DT
32307	565	3	version	version	NN
32307	565	4	,	,	,
32307	565	5	the	the	DT
32307	565	6	number	number	NN
32307	565	7	following	follow	VBG
32307	565	8	carat	carat	NNP
32307	565	9	character	character	NN
32307	565	10	^	^	NNP
32307	565	11	is	be	VBZ
32307	565	12	to	to	TO
32307	565	13	be	be	VB
32307	565	14	interpreted	interpret	VBN
32307	565	15	as	as	IN
32307	565	16	follows	follow	VBZ
32307	565	17	.	.	.
32307	566	1	The	the	DT
32307	566	2	expression	expression	NN
32307	566	3	10^{-2	10^{-2	NNS
32307	566	4	}	}	-RRB-
32307	566	5	means	mean	VBZ
32307	566	6	multiplying	multiply	VBG
32307	566	7	by	by	IN
32307	566	8	0.01	0.01	CD
32307	566	9	;	;	:
32307	566	10	10^{10	10^{10	CD
32307	566	11	}	}	-RRB-
32307	566	12	means	mean	VBZ
32307	566	13	multiplying	multiply	VBG
32307	566	14	by	by	IN
32307	566	15	10,000,000,000	10,000,000,000	CD
32307	566	16	.	.	.
32307	567	1	5	5	CD
32307	567	2	.	.	.
32307	568	1	In	in	IN
32307	568	2	this	this	DT
32307	568	3	version	version	NN
32307	568	4	,	,	,
32307	568	5	the	the	DT
32307	568	6	subscripted	subscripted	JJ
32307	568	7	text	text	NN
32307	568	8	has	have	VBZ
32307	568	9	been	be	VBN
32307	568	10	replaced	replace	VBN
32307	568	11	by	by	IN
32307	568	12	an	an	DT
32307	568	13	underline	underline	JJ
32307	568	14	character	character	NN
32307	568	15	_	_	NNP
32307	568	16	followed	follow	VBD
32307	568	17	by	by	IN
32307	568	18	the	the	DT
32307	568	19	same	same	JJ
32307	568	20	with	with	IN
32307	568	21	curly	curly	RB
32307	568	22	braces	brace	NNS
32307	568	23	{	{	-LRB-
32307	568	24	and	and	CC
32307	568	25	}	}	-RRB-
32307	568	26	.	.	.
32307	569	1	For	for	IN
32307	569	2	example	example	NN
32307	569	3	,	,	,
32307	569	4	X_{1	X_{1	NNP
32307	569	5	}	}	-RRB-
32307	569	6	indicates	indicate	VBZ
32307	569	7	X	x	NN
32307	569	8	with	with	IN
32307	569	9	subscript	subscript	NN
32307	569	10	1	1	CD
32307	569	11	.	.	.
32307	570	1	6	6	CD
32307	570	2	.	.	.
32307	571	1	The	the	DT
32307	571	2	fractions	fraction	NNS
32307	571	3	are	be	VBP
32307	571	4	indicated	indicate	VBN
32307	571	5	with	with	IN
32307	571	6	the	the	DT
32307	571	7	help	help	NN
32307	571	8	of	of	IN
32307	571	9	forward	forward	JJ
32307	571	10	character	character	NN
32307	571	11	/.	/.	.
32307	572	1	For	for	IN
32307	572	2	example	example	NN
32307	572	3	,	,	,
32307	572	4	1/4	1/4	CD
32307	572	5	indicates	indicate	VBZ
32307	572	6	one	one	CD
32307	572	7	-	-	HYPH
32307	572	8	fourth	fourth	NN
32307	572	9	.	.	.
32307	573	1	7	7	LS
32307	573	2	.	.	.
32307	574	1	Other	other	JJ
32307	574	2	than	than	IN
32307	574	3	the	the	DT
32307	574	4	changes	change	NNS
32307	574	5	listed	list	VBN
32307	574	6	above	above	RB
32307	574	7	,	,	,
32307	574	8	the	the	DT
32307	574	9	original	original	JJ
32307	574	10	text	text	NN
32307	574	11	has	have	VBZ
32307	574	12	been	be	VBN
32307	574	13	reproduced	reproduce	VBN
32307	574	14	as	as	IN
32307	574	15	such	such	JJ
32307	574	16	.	.	.