id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
31624	1	1	Transcriber	Transcriber	NNP
31624	1	2	's	's	POS
31624	1	3	Notes	note	NNS
31624	1	4	:	:	:
31624	1	5	The	the	DT
31624	1	6	following	follow	VBG
31624	1	7	errors	error	NNS
31624	1	8	are	be	VBP
31624	1	9	noted	note	VBN
31624	1	10	,	,	,
31624	1	11	but	but	CC
31624	1	12	have	have	VBP
31624	1	13	not	not	RB
31624	1	14	been	be	VBN
31624	1	15	corrected	correct	VBN
31624	1	16	:	:	:
31624	1	17	Page	page	NN
31624	1	18	17	17	CD
31624	1	19	,	,	,
31624	1	20	footnote	footnote	NN
31624	1	21	:	:	:
31624	1	22	"	"	``
31624	1	23	plutomium	plutomium	NN
31624	1	24	"	"	''
31624	1	25	should	should	MD
31624	1	26	be	be	VB
31624	1	27	"	"	``
31624	1	28	plutonium	plutonium	NN
31624	1	29	"	"	''
31624	1	30	Page	page	NN
31624	1	31	8	8	CD
31624	1	32	:	:	:
31624	1	33	"	"	``
31624	1	34	knowns	known	NNS
31624	1	35	"	"	''
31624	1	36	should	should	MD
31624	1	37	be	be	VB
31624	1	38	"	"	``
31624	1	39	knows	know	VBZ
31624	1	40	"	"	''
31624	1	41	In	in	IN
31624	1	42	element	element	NN
31624	1	43	names	name	NNS
31624	1	44	,	,	,
31624	1	45	{	{	-LRB-
31624	1	46	}	}	-RRB-
31624	1	47	represents	represent	VBZ
31624	1	48	subscripted	subscripted	JJ
31624	1	49	numbers	number	NNS
31624	1	50	and	and	CC
31624	1	51	<	<	XX
31624	1	52	>	>	XX
31624	1	53	represents	represent	VBZ
31624	1	54	superscripted	superscripted	JJ
31624	1	55	numbers	number	NNS
31624	1	56	.	.	.
31624	2	1	Readers	reader	NNS
31624	2	2	may	may	MD
31624	2	3	also	also	RB
31624	2	4	refer	refer	VB
31624	2	5	to	to	IN
31624	2	6	the	the	DT
31624	2	7	HTML	HTML	NNP
31624	2	8	version	version	NN
31624	2	9	of	of	IN
31624	2	10	the	the	DT
31624	2	11	text	text	NN
31624	2	12	,	,	,
31624	2	13	in	in	IN
31624	2	14	which	which	WDT
31624	2	15	super	super	JJ
31624	2	16	and	and	CC
31624	2	17	subscripted	subscripted	JJ
31624	2	18	numbers	number	NNS
31624	2	19	are	be	VBP
31624	2	20	represented	represent	VBN
31624	2	21	visually	visually	RB
31624	2	22	.	.	.
31624	3	1	Italic	italic	JJ
31624	3	2	emphasis	emphasis	NN
31624	3	3	is	be	VBZ
31624	3	4	indicated	indicate	VBN
31624	3	5	by	by	IN
31624	3	6	surrounding	surround	VBG
31624	3	7	the	the	DT
31624	3	8	word	word	NN
31624	3	9	with	with	IN
31624	3	10	_	_	NNP
31624	3	11	underscores	underscore	VBZ
31624	3	12	_	_	NNP
31624	3	13	.	.	.
31624	4	1	Greek	greek	JJ
31624	4	2	letters	letter	NNS
31624	4	3	in	in	IN
31624	4	4	the	the	DT
31624	4	5	original	original	JJ
31624	4	6	text	text	NN
31624	4	7	are	be	VBP
31624	4	8	marked	mark	VBN
31624	4	9	in	in	IN
31624	4	10	brackets	bracket	NNS
31624	4	11	,	,	,
31624	4	12	e.	e.	NNP
31624	4	13	g.	g.	NNP
31624	4	14	[	[	-LRB-
31624	4	15	alpha	alpha	NN
31624	4	16	]	]	-RRB-
31624	4	17	or	or	CC
31624	4	18	[	[	-LRB-
31624	4	19	gamma	gamma	NN
31624	4	20	]	]	-RRB-
31624	4	21	.	.	.
31624	5	1	Table	table	NN
31624	5	2	I	i	NN
31624	5	3	(	(	-LRB-
31624	5	4	THE	the	DT
31624	5	5	TRANSURANIUM	TRANSURANIUM	NNP
31624	5	6	ELEMENTS	ELEMENTS	NNP
31624	5	7	)	)	-RRB-
31624	5	8	has	have	VBZ
31624	5	9	been	be	VBN
31624	5	10	moved	move	VBN
31624	5	11	from	from	IN
31624	5	12	pages	page	NNS
31624	5	13	12	12	CD
31624	5	14	-	-	SYM
31624	5	15	13	13	CD
31624	5	16	,	,	,
31624	5	17	in	in	IN
31624	5	18	the	the	DT
31624	5	19	middle	middle	NN
31624	5	20	of	of	IN
31624	5	21	the	the	DT
31624	5	22	book	book	NN
31624	5	23	,	,	,
31624	5	24	to	to	IN
31624	5	25	the	the	DT
31624	5	26	end	end	NN
31624	5	27	of	of	IN
31624	5	28	the	the	DT
31624	5	29	text	text	NN
31624	5	30	.	.	.
31624	5	31	]	]	-RRB-
31624	6	1	A	a	DT
31624	6	2	Brief	brief	JJ
31624	6	3	History	history	NN
31624	6	4	of	of	IN
31624	6	5	ELEMENT	ELEMENT	NNP
31624	6	6	DISCOVERY	DISCOVERY	NNP
31624	6	7	,	,	,
31624	6	8	SYNTHESIS	SYNTHESIS	NNP
31624	6	9	,	,	,
31624	6	10	and	and	CC
31624	6	11	ANALYSIS	ANALYSIS	NNP
31624	6	12	Glen	Glen	NNP
31624	6	13	W.	W.	NNP
31624	6	14	Watson	Watson	NNP
31624	6	15	September	September	NNP
31624	6	16	1963	1963	CD
31624	6	17	[	[	-LRB-
31624	6	18	Illustration	illustration	NN
31624	6	19	]	]	-RRB-
31624	6	20	LAWRENCE	LAWRENCE	NNP
31624	6	21	RADIATION	RADIATION	NNP
31624	6	22	LABORATORY	LABORATORY	NNP
31624	6	23	University	University	NNP
31624	6	24	of	of	IN
31624	6	25	California	California	NNP
31624	6	26	Berkeley	Berkeley	NNP
31624	6	27	and	and	CC
31624	6	28	Livermore	Livermore	NNP
31624	6	29	Operating	operate	VBG
31624	6	30	under	under	IN
31624	6	31	contract	contract	NN
31624	6	32	with	with	IN
31624	6	33	the	the	DT
31624	6	34	United	United	NNP
31624	6	35	States	States	NNP
31624	6	36	Atomic	Atomic	NNP
31624	6	37	Energy	Energy	NNP
31624	6	38	Commission	Commission	NNP
31624	6	39	[	[	-LRB-
31624	6	40	Illustration	illustration	NN
31624	6	41	:	:	:
31624	6	42	Radioactive	radioactive	JJ
31624	6	43	elements	element	NNS
31624	6	44	:	:	:
31624	6	45	alpha	alpha	NN
31624	6	46	particles	particle	NNS
31624	6	47	from	from	IN
31624	6	48	a	a	DT
31624	6	49	speck	speck	NN
31624	6	50	of	of	IN
31624	6	51	radium	radium	NN
31624	6	52	leave	leave	VBP
31624	6	53	tracks	track	NNS
31624	6	54	on	on	IN
31624	6	55	a	a	DT
31624	6	56	photographic	photographic	JJ
31624	6	57	emulsion	emulsion	NN
31624	6	58	.	.	.
31624	7	1	(	(	-LRB-
31624	7	2	Occhialini	Occhialini	NNP
31624	7	3	and	and	CC
31624	7	4	Powell	Powell	NNP
31624	7	5	,	,	,
31624	7	6	1947	1947	CD
31624	7	7	)	)	-RRB-
31624	7	8	]	]	-RRB-
31624	7	9	A	a	DT
31624	7	10	BRIEF	brief	NN
31624	7	11	HISTORY	history	NN
31624	7	12	OF	of	IN
31624	7	13	ELEMENT	ELEMENT	NNP
31624	7	14	DISCOVERY	DISCOVERY	NNP
31624	7	15	,	,	,
31624	7	16	SYNTHESIS	SYNTHESIS	NNP
31624	7	17	,	,	,
31624	7	18	AND	and	CC
31624	7	19	ANALYSIS	ANALYSIS	NNP
31624	7	20	It	-PRON-	PRP
31624	7	21	is	be	VBZ
31624	7	22	well	well	RB
31624	7	23	known	know	VBN
31624	7	24	that	that	IN
31624	7	25	the	the	DT
31624	7	26	number	number	NN
31624	7	27	of	of	IN
31624	7	28	elements	element	NNS
31624	7	29	has	have	VBZ
31624	7	30	grown	grow	VBN
31624	7	31	from	from	IN
31624	7	32	four	four	CD
31624	7	33	in	in	IN
31624	7	34	the	the	DT
31624	7	35	days	day	NNS
31624	7	36	of	of	IN
31624	7	37	the	the	DT
31624	7	38	Greeks	Greeks	NNPS
31624	7	39	to	to	IN
31624	7	40	103	103	CD
31624	7	41	at	at	IN
31624	7	42	present	present	JJ
31624	7	43	,	,	,
31624	7	44	but	but	CC
31624	7	45	the	the	DT
31624	7	46	change	change	NN
31624	7	47	in	in	IN
31624	7	48	methods	method	NNS
31624	7	49	needed	need	VBN
31624	7	50	for	for	IN
31624	7	51	their	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	7	52	discovery	discovery	NN
31624	7	53	is	be	VBZ
31624	7	54	not	not	RB
31624	7	55	so	so	RB
31624	7	56	well	well	RB
31624	7	57	known	known	JJ
31624	7	58	.	.	.
31624	8	1	Up	up	IN
31624	8	2	until	until	IN
31624	8	3	1939	1939	CD
31624	8	4	,	,	,
31624	8	5	only	only	RB
31624	8	6	88	88	CD
31624	8	7	naturally	naturally	RB
31624	8	8	occurring	occur	VBG
31624	8	9	elements	element	NNS
31624	8	10	had	have	VBD
31624	8	11	been	be	VBN
31624	8	12	discovered	discover	VBN
31624	8	13	.	.	.
31624	9	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
31624	9	2	took	take	VBD
31624	9	3	a	a	DT
31624	9	4	dramatic	dramatic	JJ
31624	9	5	modern	modern	JJ
31624	9	6	technique	technique	NN
31624	9	7	(	(	-LRB-
31624	9	8	based	base	VBN
31624	9	9	on	on	IN
31624	9	10	Ernest	Ernest	NNP
31624	9	11	O.	O.	NNP
31624	9	12	Lawrence	Lawrence	NNP
31624	9	13	's	's	POS
31624	9	14	Nobel	Nobel	NNP
31624	9	15	-	-	HYPH
31624	9	16	prize	prize	NN
31624	9	17	-	-	HYPH
31624	9	18	winning	win	VBG
31624	9	19	atom	atom	NN
31624	9	20	smasher	smasher	NN
31624	9	21	,	,	,
31624	9	22	the	the	DT
31624	9	23	cyclotron	cyclotron	NN
31624	9	24	)	)	-RRB-
31624	9	25	to	to	TO
31624	9	26	synthesize	synthesize	VB
31624	9	27	the	the	DT
31624	9	28	most	most	RBS
31624	9	29	recently	recently	RB
31624	9	30	discovered	discover	VBN
31624	9	31	elements	element	NNS
31624	9	32	.	.	.
31624	10	1	Most	Most	JJS
31624	10	2	of	of	IN
31624	10	3	these	these	DT
31624	10	4	recent	recent	JJ
31624	10	5	discoveries	discovery	NNS
31624	10	6	are	be	VBP
31624	10	7	directly	directly	RB
31624	10	8	attributed	attribute	VBN
31624	10	9	to	to	IN
31624	10	10	scientists	scientist	NNS
31624	10	11	working	work	VBG
31624	10	12	under	under	IN
31624	10	13	the	the	DT
31624	10	14	Atomic	Atomic	NNP
31624	10	15	Energy	Energy	NNP
31624	10	16	Commission	Commission	NNP
31624	10	17	at	at	IN
31624	10	18	the	the	DT
31624	10	19	University	University	NNP
31624	10	20	of	of	IN
31624	10	21	California	California	NNP
31624	10	22	's	's	POS
31624	10	23	Radiation	Radiation	NNP
31624	10	24	Laboratory	Laboratory	NNP
31624	10	25	at	at	IN
31624	10	26	Berkeley	Berkeley	NNP
31624	10	27	.	.	.
31624	11	1	But	but	CC
31624	11	2	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	11	3	is	be	VBZ
31624	11	4	apparent	apparent	JJ
31624	11	5	that	that	IN
31624	11	6	our	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	11	7	present	present	JJ
31624	11	8	knowledge	knowledge	NN
31624	11	9	of	of	IN
31624	11	10	the	the	DT
31624	11	11	elements	element	NNS
31624	11	12	stretches	stretch	VBZ
31624	11	13	back	back	RB
31624	11	14	into	into	IN
31624	11	15	history	history	NN
31624	11	16	:	:	:
31624	11	17	back	back	RB
31624	11	18	to	to	IN
31624	11	19	England	England	NNP
31624	11	20	's	's	POS
31624	11	21	Ernest	Ernest	NNP
31624	11	22	Rutherford	Rutherford	NNP
31624	11	23	,	,	,
31624	11	24	who	who	WP
31624	11	25	in	in	IN
31624	11	26	1919	1919	CD
31624	11	27	proved	prove	VBD
31624	11	28	that	that	IN
31624	11	29	,	,	,
31624	11	30	occasionally	occasionally	RB
31624	11	31	,	,	,
31624	11	32	when	when	WRB
31624	11	33	an	an	DT
31624	11	34	alpha	alpha	NN
31624	11	35	particle	particle	NN
31624	11	36	from	from	IN
31624	11	37	radium	radium	NN
31624	11	38	strikes	strike	VBZ
31624	11	39	a	a	DT
31624	11	40	nitrogen	nitrogen	NN
31624	11	41	atom	atom	NN
31624	11	42	,	,	,
31624	11	43	either	either	CC
31624	11	44	a	a	DT
31624	11	45	proton	proton	NNP
31624	11	46	or	or	CC
31624	11	47	a	a	DT
31624	11	48	hydrogen	hydrogen	NN
31624	11	49	nucleus	nucleus	NN
31624	11	50	is	be	VBZ
31624	11	51	ejected	eject	VBN
31624	11	52	;	;	:
31624	11	53	to	to	IN
31624	11	54	the	the	DT
31624	11	55	Dane	Dane	NNP
31624	11	56	Niels	Niels	NNP
31624	11	57	Bohr	Bohr	NNP
31624	11	58	and	and	CC
31624	11	59	his	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	11	60	1913	1913	CD
31624	11	61	idea	idea	NN
31624	11	62	of	of	IN
31624	11	63	electron	electron	NNP
31624	11	64	orbits	orbit	NNS
31624	11	65	;	;	:
31624	11	66	to	to	IN
31624	11	67	a	a	DT
31624	11	68	once	once	RB
31624	11	69	unknown	unknown	JJ
31624	11	70	Swiss	swiss	JJ
31624	11	71	patent	patent	NN
31624	11	72	clerk	clerk	NN
31624	11	73	,	,	,
31624	11	74	Albert	Albert	NNP
31624	11	75	Einstein	Einstein	NNP
31624	11	76	,	,	,
31624	11	77	and	and	CC
31624	11	78	his	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	11	79	now	now	RB
31624	11	80	famous	famous	JJ
31624	11	81	theories	theory	NNS
31624	11	82	;	;	:
31624	11	83	to	to	IN
31624	11	84	Poland	Poland	NNP
31624	11	85	's	's	POS
31624	11	86	Marie	Marie	NNP
31624	11	87	Curie	Curie	NNP
31624	11	88	who	who	WP
31624	11	89	,	,	,
31624	11	90	in	in	IN
31624	11	91	1898	1898	CD
31624	11	92	,	,	,
31624	11	93	with	with	IN
31624	11	94	her	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	11	95	French	french	JJ
31624	11	96	husband	husband	NN
31624	11	97	Pierre	Pierre	NNP
31624	11	98	laboriously	laboriously	RB
31624	11	99	isolated	isolate	VBD
31624	11	100	polonium	polonium	NN
31624	11	101	and	and	CC
31624	11	102	radium	radium	NN
31624	11	103	;	;	:
31624	11	104	back	back	RB
31624	11	105	to	to	IN
31624	11	106	the	the	DT
31624	11	107	French	french	JJ
31624	11	108	scientist	scientist	NN
31624	11	109	H.	H.	NNP
31624	11	110	A.	A.	NNP
31624	11	111	Becquerel	Becquerel	NNP
31624	11	112	,	,	,
31624	11	113	who	who	WP
31624	11	114	first	first	RB
31624	11	115	discovered	discover	VBD
31624	11	116	something	something	NN
31624	11	117	he	-PRON-	PRP
31624	11	118	called	call	VBD
31624	11	119	a	a	DT
31624	11	120	"	"	``
31624	11	121	spontaneous	spontaneous	JJ
31624	11	122	emission	emission	NN
31624	11	123	of	of	IN
31624	11	124	penetrating	penetrating	NN
31624	11	125	rays	ray	NNS
31624	11	126	from	from	IN
31624	11	127	certain	certain	JJ
31624	11	128	salts	salt	NNS
31624	11	129	of	of	IN
31624	11	130	uranium	uranium	NN
31624	11	131	"	"	''
31624	11	132	;	;	:
31624	11	133	to	to	IN
31624	11	134	the	the	DT
31624	11	135	German	german	JJ
31624	11	136	physicist	physicist	NN
31624	11	137	W.	W.	NNP
31624	11	138	K.	K.	NNP
31624	11	139	Roentgen	Roentgen	NNP
31624	11	140	and	and	CC
31624	11	141	his	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	11	142	discovery	discovery	NN
31624	11	143	of	of	IN
31624	11	144	x	x	NNS
31624	11	145	rays	ray	NNS
31624	11	146	in	in	IN
31624	11	147	1895	1895	CD
31624	11	148	;	;	:
31624	11	149	and	and	CC
31624	11	150	back	back	RB
31624	11	151	still	still	RB
31624	11	152	further	further	RB
31624	11	153	.	.	.
31624	12	1	During	during	IN
31624	12	2	this	this	DT
31624	12	3	passage	passage	NN
31624	12	4	of	of	IN
31624	12	5	scientific	scientific	JJ
31624	12	6	history	history	NN
31624	12	7	,	,	,
31624	12	8	the	the	DT
31624	12	9	very	very	JJ
31624	12	10	idea	idea	NN
31624	12	11	of	of	IN
31624	12	12	"	"	``
31624	12	13	element	element	NN
31624	12	14	"	"	''
31624	12	15	has	have	VBZ
31624	12	16	undergone	undergo	VBN
31624	12	17	several	several	JJ
31624	12	18	great	great	JJ
31624	12	19	changes	change	NNS
31624	12	20	.	.	.
31624	13	1	The	the	DT
31624	13	2	early	early	JJ
31624	13	3	Greeks	Greeks	NNPS
31624	13	4	suggested	suggest	VBD
31624	13	5	earth	earth	NN
31624	13	6	,	,	,
31624	13	7	air	air	NN
31624	13	8	,	,	,
31624	13	9	fire	fire	NN
31624	13	10	,	,	,
31624	13	11	and	and	CC
31624	13	12	water	water	NN
31624	13	13	as	as	IN
31624	13	14	being	be	VBG
31624	13	15	the	the	DT
31624	13	16	essential	essential	JJ
31624	13	17	material	material	NN
31624	13	18	from	from	IN
31624	13	19	which	which	WDT
31624	13	20	all	all	DT
31624	13	21	others	other	NNS
31624	13	22	were	be	VBD
31624	13	23	made	make	VBN
31624	13	24	.	.	.
31624	14	1	Aristotle	Aristotle	NNP
31624	14	2	considered	consider	VBD
31624	14	3	these	these	DT
31624	14	4	as	as	IN
31624	14	5	being	be	VBG
31624	14	6	combinations	combination	NNS
31624	14	7	of	of	IN
31624	14	8	four	four	CD
31624	14	9	properties	property	NNS
31624	14	10	:	:	:
31624	14	11	hot	hot	JJ
31624	14	12	,	,	,
31624	14	13	cold	cold	JJ
31624	14	14	,	,	,
31624	14	15	dry	dry	JJ
31624	14	16	,	,	,
31624	14	17	and	and	CC
31624	14	18	moist	moist	NN
31624	14	19	(	(	-LRB-
31624	14	20	see	see	VB
31624	14	21	Fig	Fig	NNP
31624	14	22	.	.	.
31624	15	1	1	1	LS
31624	15	2	)	)	-RRB-
31624	15	3	.	.	.
31624	16	1	[	[	-LRB-
31624	16	2	Illustration	illustration	NN
31624	16	3	:	:	:
31624	16	4	Fig	Fig	NNP
31624	16	5	.	.	.
31624	17	1	1	1	LS
31624	17	2	.	.	.
31624	18	1	The	the	DT
31624	18	2	elements	element	NNS
31624	18	3	as	as	IN
31624	18	4	proposed	propose	VBN
31624	18	5	by	by	IN
31624	18	6	the	the	DT
31624	18	7	early	early	JJ
31624	18	8	Greeks	Greeks	NNPS
31624	18	9	.	.	.
31624	18	10	]	]	-RRB-
31624	19	1	Later	later	RB
31624	19	2	,	,	,
31624	19	3	a	a	DT
31624	19	4	fifth	fifth	JJ
31624	19	5	"	"	``
31624	19	6	essence	essence	NN
31624	19	7	,	,	,
31624	19	8	"	"	''
31624	19	9	ether	ether	NN
31624	19	10	,	,	,
31624	19	11	the	the	DT
31624	19	12	building	building	NN
31624	19	13	material	material	NN
31624	19	14	of	of	IN
31624	19	15	the	the	DT
31624	19	16	heavenly	heavenly	JJ
31624	19	17	bodies	body	NNS
31624	19	18	was	be	VBD
31624	19	19	added	add	VBN
31624	19	20	.	.	.
31624	20	1	Paracelsus	Paracelsus	NNP
31624	20	2	(	(	-LRB-
31624	20	3	1493	1493	CD
31624	20	4	-	-	SYM
31624	20	5	1541	1541	CD
31624	20	6	)	)	-RRB-
31624	20	7	introduced	introduce	VBD
31624	20	8	the	the	DT
31624	20	9	three	three	CD
31624	20	10	alchemical	alchemical	JJ
31624	20	11	symbols	symbol	NNS
31624	20	12	salt	salt	NN
31624	20	13	,	,	,
31624	20	14	sulfur	sulfur	NN
31624	20	15	,	,	,
31624	20	16	and	and	CC
31624	20	17	mercury	mercury	NN
31624	20	18	.	.	.
31624	21	1	Sulfur	Sulfur	NNP
31624	21	2	was	be	VBD
31624	21	3	the	the	DT
31624	21	4	principle	principle	NN
31624	21	5	of	of	IN
31624	21	6	combustability	combustability	NN
31624	21	7	,	,	,
31624	21	8	salt	salt	VB
31624	21	9	the	the	DT
31624	21	10	fixed	fix	VBN
31624	21	11	part	part	NN
31624	21	12	left	leave	VBN
31624	21	13	after	after	IN
31624	21	14	burning	burn	VBG
31624	21	15	(	(	-LRB-
31624	21	16	calcination	calcination	NN
31624	21	17	)	)	-RRB-
31624	21	18	,	,	,
31624	21	19	and	and	CC
31624	21	20	mercury	mercury	VB
31624	21	21	the	the	DT
31624	21	22	essential	essential	JJ
31624	21	23	part	part	NN
31624	21	24	of	of	IN
31624	21	25	all	all	DT
31624	21	26	metals	metal	NNS
31624	21	27	.	.	.
31624	22	1	For	for	IN
31624	22	2	example	example	NN
31624	22	3	,	,	,
31624	22	4	gold	gold	NN
31624	22	5	and	and	CC
31624	22	6	silver	silver	NN
31624	22	7	were	be	VBD
31624	22	8	supposedly	supposedly	RB
31624	22	9	different	different	JJ
31624	22	10	combinations	combination	NNS
31624	22	11	of	of	IN
31624	22	12	sulfur	sulfur	NN
31624	22	13	and	and	CC
31624	22	14	mercury	mercury	NN
31624	22	15	.	.	.
31624	23	1	Robert	Robert	NNP
31624	23	2	Boyle	Boyle	NNP
31624	23	3	in	in	IN
31624	23	4	his	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	23	5	"	"	``
31624	23	6	Sceptical	Sceptical	NNP
31624	23	7	Chymist	chymist	NN
31624	23	8	"	"	''
31624	23	9	(	(	-LRB-
31624	23	10	1661	1661	CD
31624	23	11	)	)	-RRB-
31624	23	12	first	first	RB
31624	23	13	defined	define	VBD
31624	23	14	the	the	DT
31624	23	15	word	word	NN
31624	23	16	element	element	NN
31624	23	17	in	in	IN
31624	23	18	the	the	DT
31624	23	19	sense	sense	NN
31624	23	20	which	which	WDT
31624	23	21	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	23	22	retained	retain	VBD
31624	23	23	until	until	IN
31624	23	24	the	the	DT
31624	23	25	discovery	discovery	NN
31624	23	26	of	of	IN
31624	23	27	radioactivity	radioactivity	NN
31624	23	28	(	(	-LRB-
31624	23	29	1896	1896	CD
31624	23	30	)	)	-RRB-
31624	23	31	,	,	,
31624	23	32	namely	namely	RB
31624	23	33	,	,	,
31624	23	34	a	a	DT
31624	23	35	form	form	NN
31624	23	36	of	of	IN
31624	23	37	matter	matter	NN
31624	23	38	that	that	WDT
31624	23	39	could	could	MD
31624	23	40	not	not	RB
31624	23	41	be	be	VB
31624	23	42	split	split	VBN
31624	23	43	into	into	IN
31624	23	44	simpler	simple	JJR
31624	23	45	forms	form	NNS
31624	23	46	.	.	.
31624	24	1	The	the	DT
31624	24	2	first	first	JJ
31624	24	3	discovery	discovery	NN
31624	24	4	of	of	IN
31624	24	5	a	a	DT
31624	24	6	true	true	JJ
31624	24	7	element	element	NN
31624	24	8	in	in	IN
31624	24	9	historical	historical	JJ
31624	24	10	time	time	NN
31624	24	11	was	be	VBD
31624	24	12	that	that	DT
31624	24	13	of	of	IN
31624	24	14	phosphorus	phosphorus	NN
31624	24	15	by	by	IN
31624	24	16	Dr.	Dr.	NNP
31624	25	1	Brand	brand	NN
31624	25	2	of	of	IN
31624	25	3	Hamburg	Hamburg	NNP
31624	25	4	,	,	,
31624	25	5	in	in	IN
31624	25	6	1669	1669	CD
31624	25	7	.	.	.
31624	26	1	Brand	brand	NN
31624	26	2	kept	keep	VBD
31624	26	3	his	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	26	4	process	process	NN
31624	26	5	secret	secret	JJ
31624	26	6	,	,	,
31624	26	7	but	but	CC
31624	26	8	,	,	,
31624	26	9	as	as	IN
31624	26	10	in	in	IN
31624	26	11	modern	modern	JJ
31624	26	12	times	time	NNS
31624	26	13	,	,	,
31624	26	14	knowledge	knowledge	NN
31624	26	15	of	of	IN
31624	26	16	the	the	DT
31624	26	17	element	element	NN
31624	26	18	's	's	POS
31624	26	19	existence	existence	NN
31624	26	20	was	be	VBD
31624	26	21	sufficient	sufficient	JJ
31624	26	22	to	to	TO
31624	26	23	let	let	VB
31624	26	24	others	other	NNS
31624	26	25	,	,	,
31624	26	26	like	like	IN
31624	26	27	Kunkel	Kunkel	NNP
31624	26	28	and	and	CC
31624	26	29	Boyle	Boyle	NNP
31624	26	30	in	in	IN
31624	26	31	England	England	NNP
31624	26	32	,	,	,
31624	26	33	succeed	succeed	VB
31624	26	34	independently	independently	RB
31624	26	35	in	in	IN
31624	26	36	isolating	isolate	VBG
31624	26	37	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	26	38	shortly	shortly	RB
31624	26	39	afterward	afterward	RB
31624	26	40	.	.	.
31624	27	1	As	as	IN
31624	27	2	in	in	IN
31624	27	3	our	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	27	4	atomic	atomic	JJ
31624	27	5	age	age	NN
31624	27	6	,	,	,
31624	27	7	a	a	DT
31624	27	8	delicate	delicate	JJ
31624	27	9	balance	balance	NN
31624	27	10	was	be	VBD
31624	27	11	made	make	VBN
31624	27	12	between	between	IN
31624	27	13	the	the	DT
31624	27	14	"	"	``
31624	27	15	light	light	NN
31624	27	16	-	-	HYPH
31624	27	17	giving	give	VBG
31624	27	18	"	"	''
31624	27	19	(	(	-LRB-
31624	27	20	desirable	desirable	JJ
31624	27	21	)	)	-RRB-
31624	27	22	and	and	CC
31624	27	23	"	"	``
31624	27	24	heat	heat	NN
31624	27	25	-	-	HYPH
31624	27	26	giving	give	VBG
31624	27	27	"	"	''
31624	27	28	(	(	-LRB-
31624	27	29	feared	fear	VBN
31624	27	30	)	)	-RRB-
31624	27	31	powers	power	NNS
31624	27	32	of	of	IN
31624	27	33	a	a	DT
31624	27	34	discovery	discovery	NN
31624	27	35	.	.	.
31624	28	1	An	an	DT
31624	28	2	early	early	JJ
31624	28	3	experimenter	experimenter	NN
31624	28	4	was	be	VBD
31624	28	5	at	at	IN
31624	28	6	first	first	RB
31624	28	7	"	"	``
31624	28	8	delighted	delighted	JJ
31624	28	9	with	with	IN
31624	28	10	the	the	DT
31624	28	11	white	white	NNP
31624	28	12	,	,	,
31624	28	13	waxy	waxy	RB
31624	28	14	substance	substance	NN
31624	28	15	that	that	WDT
31624	28	16	glowed	glow	VBD
31624	28	17	so	so	RB
31624	28	18	charmingly	charmingly	RB
31624	28	19	in	in	IN
31624	28	20	the	the	DT
31624	28	21	dark	dark	NN
31624	28	22	of	of	IN
31624	28	23	his	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	28	24	laboratory	laboratory	NN
31624	28	25	,	,	,
31624	28	26	"	"	''
31624	28	27	but	but	CC
31624	28	28	later	later	RB
31624	28	29	wrote	write	VBD
31624	28	30	,	,	,
31624	28	31	"	"	``
31624	28	32	I	-PRON-	PRP
31624	28	33	am	be	VBP
31624	28	34	not	not	RB
31624	28	35	making	make	VBG
31624	28	36	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	28	37	any	any	DT
31624	28	38	more	more	RBR
31624	28	39	for	for	IN
31624	28	40	much	much	JJ
31624	28	41	harm	harm	NN
31624	28	42	may	may	MD
31624	28	43	come	come	VB
31624	28	44	of	of	IN
31624	28	45	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	28	46	.	.	.
31624	28	47	"	"	''
31624	29	1	Robert	Robert	NNP
31624	29	2	Boyle	Boyle	NNP
31624	29	3	wrote	write	VBD
31624	29	4	in	in	IN
31624	29	5	1680	1680	CD
31624	29	6	of	of	IN
31624	29	7	phosphorus	phosphorus	NN
31624	29	8	,	,	,
31624	29	9	"	"	''
31624	29	10	It	-PRON-	PRP
31624	29	11	shone	shine	VBD
31624	29	12	so	so	RB
31624	29	13	briskly	briskly	RB
31624	29	14	and	and	CC
31624	29	15	lookt	lookt	NNP
31624	29	16	so	so	RB
31624	29	17	oddly	oddly	RB
31624	29	18	that	that	IN
31624	29	19	the	the	DT
31624	29	20	sight	sight	NN
31624	29	21	was	be	VBD
31624	29	22	extreamly	extreamly	RB
31624	29	23	pleasing	pleasing	JJ
31624	29	24	,	,	,
31624	29	25	having	have	VBG
31624	29	26	in	in	IN
31624	29	27	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	29	28	a	a	DT
31624	29	29	mixture	mixture	NN
31624	29	30	of	of	IN
31624	29	31	strangeness	strangeness	NN
31624	29	32	,	,	,
31624	29	33	beauty	beauty	NN
31624	29	34	and	and	CC
31624	29	35	frightfulness	frightfulness	NN
31624	29	36	.	.	.
31624	29	37	"	"	''
31624	30	1	These	these	DT
31624	30	2	words	word	NNS
31624	30	3	describe	describe	VBP
31624	30	4	almost	almost	RB
31624	30	5	exactly	exactly	RB
31624	30	6	the	the	DT
31624	30	7	impressions	impression	NNS
31624	30	8	of	of	IN
31624	30	9	eye	eye	NN
31624	30	10	witnesses	witness	NNS
31624	30	11	of	of	IN
31624	30	12	the	the	DT
31624	30	13	first	first	JJ
31624	30	14	atom	atom	NN
31624	30	15	bomb	bomb	NN
31624	30	16	test	test	NN
31624	30	17	at	at	IN
31624	30	18	Alamagordo	Alamagordo	NNP
31624	30	19	,	,	,
31624	30	20	New	New	NNP
31624	30	21	Mexico	Mexico	NNP
31624	30	22	,	,	,
31624	30	23	July	July	NNP
31624	30	24	16	16	CD
31624	30	25	,	,	,
31624	30	26	1945	1945	CD
31624	30	27	.	.	.
31624	31	1	For	for	IN
31624	31	2	the	the	DT
31624	31	3	next	next	JJ
31624	31	4	two	two	CD
31624	31	5	and	and	CC
31624	31	6	three	three	CD
31624	31	7	-	-	HYPH
31624	31	8	quarters	quarter	NNS
31624	31	9	centuries	century	NNS
31624	31	10	the	the	DT
31624	31	11	chemists	chemist	NNS
31624	31	12	had	have	VBD
31624	31	13	much	much	JJ
31624	31	14	fun	fun	NN
31624	31	15	and	and	CC
31624	31	16	some	some	DT
31624	31	17	fame	fame	NN
31624	31	18	discovering	discover	VBG
31624	31	19	new	new	JJ
31624	31	20	elements	element	NNS
31624	31	21	.	.	.
31624	32	1	Frequently	frequently	RB
31624	32	2	there	there	EX
31624	32	3	was	be	VBD
31624	32	4	a	a	DT
31624	32	5	long	long	JJ
31624	32	6	interval	interval	NN
31624	32	7	between	between	IN
31624	32	8	discovery	discovery	NN
31624	32	9	and	and	CC
31624	32	10	recognition	recognition	NN
31624	32	11	.	.	.
31624	33	1	Thus	thus	RB
31624	33	2	Scheele	Scheele	NNP
31624	33	3	made	make	VBD
31624	33	4	chlorine	chlorine	NN
31624	33	5	in	in	IN
31624	33	6	1774	1774	CD
31624	33	7	by	by	IN
31624	33	8	the	the	DT
31624	33	9	action	action	NN
31624	33	10	of	of	IN
31624	33	11	"	"	``
31624	33	12	black	black	JJ
31624	33	13	manganese	manganese	NN
31624	33	14	"	"	''
31624	33	15	(	(	-LRB-
31624	33	16	manganese	manganese	JJ
31624	33	17	dioxide	dioxide	NN
31624	33	18	)	)	-RRB-
31624	33	19	on	on	IN
31624	33	20	concentrated	concentrated	JJ
31624	33	21	muriatic	muriatic	JJ
31624	33	22	acid	acid	NN
31624	33	23	(	(	-LRB-
31624	33	24	hydrochloric	hydrochloric	JJ
31624	33	25	acid	acid	NN
31624	33	26	)	)	-RRB-
31624	33	27	,	,	,
31624	33	28	but	but	CC
31624	33	29	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	33	30	was	be	VBD
31624	33	31	not	not	RB
31624	33	32	recognized	recognize	VBN
31624	33	33	as	as	IN
31624	33	34	an	an	DT
31624	33	35	element	element	NN
31624	33	36	till	till	IN
31624	33	37	the	the	DT
31624	33	38	work	work	NN
31624	33	39	of	of	IN
31624	33	40	Davy	Davy	NNP
31624	33	41	in	in	IN
31624	33	42	1810	1810	CD
31624	33	43	.	.	.
31624	34	1	Occasionally	occasionally	RB
31624	34	2	the	the	DT
31624	34	3	development	development	NN
31624	34	4	of	of	IN
31624	34	5	a	a	DT
31624	34	6	new	new	JJ
31624	34	7	technique	technique	NN
31624	34	8	would	would	MD
31624	34	9	lead	lead	VB
31624	34	10	to	to	IN
31624	34	11	the	the	DT
31624	34	12	"	"	``
31624	34	13	easy	easy	JJ
31624	34	14	"	"	''
31624	34	15	discovery	discovery	NN
31624	34	16	of	of	IN
31624	34	17	a	a	DT
31624	34	18	whole	whole	JJ
31624	34	19	group	group	NN
31624	34	20	of	of	IN
31624	34	21	new	new	JJ
31624	34	22	elements	element	NNS
31624	34	23	.	.	.
31624	35	1	Thus	thus	RB
31624	35	2	Davy	Davy	NNP
31624	35	3	,	,	,
31624	35	4	starting	start	VBG
31624	35	5	in	in	IN
31624	35	6	1807	1807	CD
31624	35	7	,	,	,
31624	35	8	applied	apply	VBD
31624	35	9	the	the	DT
31624	35	10	method	method	NN
31624	35	11	of	of	IN
31624	35	12	electrolysis	electrolysis	NN
31624	35	13	,	,	,
31624	35	14	using	use	VBG
31624	35	15	a	a	DT
31624	35	16	development	development	NN
31624	35	17	of	of	IN
31624	35	18	Volta	Volta	NNP
31624	35	19	's	's	POS
31624	35	20	pile	pile	NN
31624	35	21	as	as	IN
31624	35	22	a	a	DT
31624	35	23	source	source	NN
31624	35	24	of	of	IN
31624	35	25	current	current	NN
31624	35	26	;	;	:
31624	35	27	in	in	IN
31624	35	28	a	a	DT
31624	35	29	short	short	JJ
31624	35	30	time	time	NN
31624	35	31	he	-PRON-	PRP
31624	35	32	discovered	discover	VBD
31624	35	33	aluminum	aluminum	NN
31624	35	34	,	,	,
31624	35	35	barium	barium	NN
31624	35	36	,	,	,
31624	35	37	boron	boron	NN
31624	35	38	,	,	,
31624	35	39	calcium	calcium	NN
31624	35	40	,	,	,
31624	35	41	magnesium	magnesium	NN
31624	35	42	,	,	,
31624	35	43	potassium	potassium	NN
31624	35	44	,	,	,
31624	35	45	sodium	sodium	NN
31624	35	46	,	,	,
31624	35	47	and	and	CC
31624	35	48	strontium	strontium	NN
31624	35	49	.	.	.
31624	36	1	The	the	DT
31624	36	2	invention	invention	NN
31624	36	3	of	of	IN
31624	36	4	the	the	DT
31624	36	5	spectroscope	spectroscope	NN
31624	36	6	by	by	IN
31624	36	7	Bunsen	Bunsen	NNP
31624	36	8	and	and	CC
31624	36	9	Kirchhoff	Kirchhoff	NNP
31624	36	10	in	in	IN
31624	36	11	1859	1859	CD
31624	36	12	provided	provide	VBD
31624	36	13	a	a	DT
31624	36	14	new	new	JJ
31624	36	15	tool	tool	NN
31624	36	16	which	which	WDT
31624	36	17	could	could	MD
31624	36	18	establish	establish	VB
31624	36	19	the	the	DT
31624	36	20	purity	purity	NN
31624	36	21	of	of	IN
31624	36	22	substances	substance	NNS
31624	36	23	already	already	RB
31624	36	24	known	know	VBN
31624	36	25	and	and	CC
31624	36	26	lead	lead	VBP
31624	36	27	to	to	IN
31624	36	28	the	the	DT
31624	36	29	discovery	discovery	NN
31624	36	30	of	of	IN
31624	36	31	others	other	NNS
31624	36	32	.	.	.
31624	37	1	Thus	thus	RB
31624	37	2	,	,	,
31624	37	3	helium	helium	NN
31624	37	4	was	be	VBD
31624	37	5	discovered	discover	VBN
31624	37	6	in	in	IN
31624	37	7	the	the	DT
31624	37	8	sun	sun	NN
31624	37	9	's	's	POS
31624	37	10	spectrum	spectrum	NN
31624	37	11	by	by	IN
31624	37	12	Jansen	Jansen	NNP
31624	37	13	and	and	CC
31624	37	14	isolated	isolate	VBN
31624	37	15	from	from	IN
31624	37	16	uranite	uranite	JJ
31624	37	17	by	by	IN
31624	37	18	Ramsay	Ramsay	NNP
31624	37	19	in	in	IN
31624	37	20	1895	1895	CD
31624	37	21	.	.	.
31624	38	1	The	the	DT
31624	38	2	discovery	discovery	NN
31624	38	3	of	of	IN
31624	38	4	radioactivity	radioactivity	NN
31624	38	5	by	by	IN
31624	38	6	Becquerel	Becquerel	NNP
31624	38	7	in	in	IN
31624	38	8	1896	1896	CD
31624	38	9	(	(	-LRB-
31624	38	10	touched	touch	VBN
31624	38	11	off	off	RP
31624	38	12	by	by	IN
31624	38	13	Roentgen	Roentgen	NNP
31624	38	14	's	's	POS
31624	38	15	discovery	discovery	NN
31624	38	16	of	of	IN
31624	38	17	x	x	SYM
31624	38	18	rays	ray	NNS
31624	38	19	the	the	DT
31624	38	20	year	year	NN
31624	38	21	before	before	RB
31624	38	22	)	)	-RRB-
31624	38	23	gave	give	VBD
31624	38	24	an	an	DT
31624	38	25	even	even	RB
31624	38	26	more	more	RBR
31624	38	27	sensitive	sensitive	JJ
31624	38	28	method	method	NN
31624	38	29	of	of	IN
31624	38	30	detecting	detect	VBG
31624	38	31	the	the	DT
31624	38	32	presence	presence	NN
31624	38	33	or	or	CC
31624	38	34	absence	absence	NN
31624	38	35	of	of	IN
31624	38	36	certain	certain	JJ
31624	38	37	kinds	kind	NNS
31624	38	38	of	of	IN
31624	38	39	matter	matter	NN
31624	38	40	.	.	.
31624	39	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
31624	39	2	is	be	VBZ
31624	39	3	well	well	RB
31624	39	4	known	know	VBN
31624	39	5	that	that	IN
31624	39	6	Pierre	Pierre	NNP
31624	39	7	and	and	CC
31624	39	8	Marie	Marie	NNP
31624	39	9	Curie	Curie	NNP
31624	39	10	used	use	VBD
31624	39	11	this	this	DT
31624	39	12	new	new	RB
31624	39	13	-	-	HYPH
31624	39	14	found	find	VBN
31624	39	15	radioactivity	radioactivity	NN
31624	39	16	to	to	TO
31624	39	17	identify	identify	VB
31624	39	18	the	the	DT
31624	39	19	new	new	JJ
31624	39	20	elements	element	NNS
31624	39	21	polonium	polonium	NN
31624	39	22	and	and	CC
31624	39	23	radium	radium	NN
31624	39	24	.	.	.
31624	40	1	Compounds	compound	NNS
31624	40	2	of	of	IN
31624	40	3	these	these	DT
31624	40	4	new	new	JJ
31624	40	5	elements	element	NNS
31624	40	6	were	be	VBD
31624	40	7	obtained	obtain	VBN
31624	40	8	by	by	IN
31624	40	9	patient	patient	JJ
31624	40	10	fractional	fractional	JJ
31624	40	11	recrystallization	recrystallization	NN
31624	40	12	of	of	IN
31624	40	13	their	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	40	14	salts	salt	NNS
31624	40	15	.	.	.
31624	41	1	The	the	DT
31624	41	2	"	"	``
31624	41	3	explanation	explanation	NN
31624	41	4	"	"	''
31624	41	5	of	of	IN
31624	41	6	radioactivity	radioactivity	NN
31624	41	7	led	lead	VBN
31624	41	8	to	to	IN
31624	41	9	the	the	DT
31624	41	10	discovery	discovery	NN
31624	41	11	of	of	IN
31624	41	12	isotopes	isotope	NNS
31624	41	13	by	by	IN
31624	41	14	Rutherford	Rutherford	NNP
31624	41	15	and	and	CC
31624	41	16	Soddy	Soddy	NNP
31624	41	17	in	in	IN
31624	41	18	1914	1914	CD
31624	41	19	,	,	,
31624	41	20	and	and	CC
31624	41	21	with	with	IN
31624	41	22	this	this	DT
31624	41	23	discovery	discovery	NN
31624	41	24	a	a	DT
31624	41	25	revision	revision	NN
31624	41	26	of	of	IN
31624	41	27	our	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	41	28	idea	idea	NN
31624	41	29	of	of	IN
31624	41	30	elements	element	NNS
31624	41	31	became	become	VBD
31624	41	32	necessary	necessary	JJ
31624	41	33	.	.	.
31624	42	1	Since	since	IN
31624	42	2	Boyle	Boyle	NNP
31624	42	3	,	,	,
31624	42	4	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	42	5	had	have	VBD
31624	42	6	been	be	VBN
31624	42	7	assumed	assume	VBN
31624	42	8	that	that	IN
31624	42	9	all	all	DT
31624	42	10	atoms	atom	NNS
31624	42	11	of	of	IN
31624	42	12	the	the	DT
31624	42	13	individual	individual	JJ
31624	42	14	elements	element	NNS
31624	42	15	were	be	VBD
31624	42	16	identical	identical	JJ
31624	42	17	and	and	CC
31624	42	18	unlike	unlike	IN
31624	42	19	any	any	DT
31624	42	20	others	other	NNS
31624	42	21	,	,	,
31624	42	22	and	and	CC
31624	42	23	could	could	MD
31624	42	24	not	not	RB
31624	42	25	be	be	VB
31624	42	26	changed	change	VBN
31624	42	27	into	into	IN
31624	42	28	anything	anything	NN
31624	42	29	simpler	simple	JJR
31624	42	30	.	.	.
31624	43	1	Now	now	RB
31624	43	2	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	43	3	became	become	VBD
31624	43	4	evident	evident	JJ
31624	43	5	that	that	IN
31624	43	6	the	the	DT
31624	43	7	atoms	atom	NNS
31624	43	8	of	of	IN
31624	43	9	radioactive	radioactive	JJ
31624	43	10	elements	element	NNS
31624	43	11	were	be	VBD
31624	43	12	constantly	constantly	RB
31624	43	13	changing	change	VBG
31624	43	14	into	into	IN
31624	43	15	other	other	JJ
31624	43	16	elements	element	NNS
31624	43	17	,	,	,
31624	43	18	thereby	thereby	RB
31624	43	19	releasing	release	VBG
31624	43	20	very	very	RB
31624	43	21	large	large	JJ
31624	43	22	amounts	amount	NNS
31624	43	23	of	of	IN
31624	43	24	energy	energy	NN
31624	43	25	,	,	,
31624	43	26	and	and	CC
31624	43	27	that	that	IN
31624	43	28	many	many	JJ
31624	43	29	different	different	JJ
31624	43	30	forms	form	NNS
31624	43	31	of	of	IN
31624	43	32	the	the	DT
31624	43	33	same	same	JJ
31624	43	34	element	element	NN
31624	43	35	(	(	-LRB-
31624	43	36	lead	lead	NN
31624	43	37	was	be	VBD
31624	43	38	the	the	DT
31624	43	39	first	first	JJ
31624	43	40	studied	study	VBN
31624	43	41	)	)	-RRB-
31624	43	42	were	be	VBD
31624	43	43	possible	possible	JJ
31624	43	44	.	.	.
31624	44	1	We	-PRON-	PRP
31624	44	2	now	now	RB
31624	44	3	think	think	VBP
31624	44	4	of	of	IN
31624	44	5	an	an	DT
31624	44	6	element	element	NN
31624	44	7	as	as	IN
31624	44	8	a	a	DT
31624	44	9	form	form	NN
31624	44	10	of	of	IN
31624	44	11	matter	matter	NN
31624	44	12	in	in	IN
31624	44	13	which	which	WDT
31624	44	14	all	all	DT
31624	44	15	atoms	atom	NNS
31624	44	16	have	have	VBP
31624	44	17	the	the	DT
31624	44	18	same	same	JJ
31624	44	19	nuclear	nuclear	JJ
31624	44	20	charge	charge	NN
31624	44	21	.	.	.
31624	45	1	The	the	DT
31624	45	2	human	human	JJ
31624	45	3	mind	mind	NN
31624	45	4	has	have	VBZ
31624	45	5	always	always	RB
31624	45	6	sought	seek	VBN
31624	45	7	order	order	NN
31624	45	8	and	and	CC
31624	45	9	simplification	simplification	NN
31624	45	10	of	of	IN
31624	45	11	the	the	DT
31624	45	12	external	external	JJ
31624	45	13	world	world	NN
31624	45	14	;	;	,
31624	45	15	in	in	IN
31624	45	16	chemistry	chemistry	NN
31624	45	17	the	the	DT
31624	45	18	fruitful	fruitful	JJ
31624	45	19	classifications	classification	NNS
31624	45	20	were	be	VBD
31624	45	21	Dobereiner	Dobereiner	NNP
31624	45	22	's	's	POS
31624	45	23	Triads	triad	NNS
31624	45	24	(	(	-LRB-
31624	45	25	1829	1829	CD
31624	45	26	)	)	-RRB-
31624	45	27	,	,	,
31624	45	28	Newland	Newland	NNP
31624	45	29	's	's	POS
31624	45	30	law	law	NN
31624	45	31	of	of	IN
31624	45	32	octaves	octave	NNS
31624	45	33	(	(	-LRB-
31624	45	34	1865	1865	CD
31624	45	35	)	)	-RRB-
31624	45	36	,	,	,
31624	45	37	and	and	CC
31624	45	38	Mendeleev	Mendeleev	NNP
31624	45	39	's	's	POS
31624	45	40	periodic	periodic	JJ
31624	45	41	law	law	NN
31624	45	42	(	(	-LRB-
31624	45	43	1869	1869	CD
31624	45	44	)	)	-RRB-
31624	45	45	.	.	.
31624	46	1	The	the	DT
31624	46	2	chart	chart	NN
31624	46	3	expressing	express	VBG
31624	46	4	this	this	DT
31624	46	5	periodic	periodic	JJ
31624	46	6	law	law	NN
31624	46	7	seemed	seem	VBD
31624	46	8	to	to	TO
31624	46	9	indicate	indicate	VB
31624	46	10	the	the	DT
31624	46	11	maximum	maximum	JJ
31624	46	12	extent	extent	NN
31624	46	13	of	of	IN
31624	46	14	the	the	DT
31624	46	15	elements	element	NNS
31624	46	16	and	and	CC
31624	46	17	gave	give	VBD
31624	46	18	good	good	JJ
31624	46	19	hints	hint	NNS
31624	46	20	"	"	''
31624	46	21	where	where	WRB
31624	46	22	to	to	TO
31624	46	23	look	look	VB
31624	46	24	for	for	IN
31624	46	25	"	"	''
31624	46	26	and	and	CC
31624	46	27	"	"	``
31624	46	28	the	the	DT
31624	46	29	probable	probable	JJ
31624	46	30	properties	property	NNS
31624	46	31	of	of	IN
31624	46	32	"	"	``
31624	46	33	the	the	DT
31624	46	34	remaining	remain	VBG
31624	46	35	ones	one	NNS
31624	46	36	(	(	-LRB-
31624	46	37	see	see	VB
31624	46	38	Fig	Fig	NNP
31624	46	39	.	.	.
31624	47	1	2	2	LS
31624	47	2	)	)	-RRB-
31624	47	3	.	.	.
31624	48	1	By	by	IN
31624	48	2	1925	1925	CD
31624	48	3	,	,	,
31624	48	4	all	all	DT
31624	48	5	but	but	IN
31624	48	6	four	four	CD
31624	48	7	of	of	IN
31624	48	8	the	the	DT
31624	48	9	slots	slot	NNS
31624	48	10	in	in	IN
31624	48	11	the	the	DT
31624	48	12	92-place	92-place	CD
31624	48	13	file	file	NN
31624	48	14	had	have	VBD
31624	48	15	been	be	VBN
31624	48	16	filled	fill	VBN
31624	48	17	.	.	.
31624	49	1	The	the	DT
31624	49	2	vacancies	vacancy	NNS
31624	49	3	were	be	VBD
31624	49	4	at	at	IN
31624	49	5	43	43	CD
31624	49	6	,	,	,
31624	49	7	61	61	CD
31624	49	8	,	,	,
31624	49	9	85	85	CD
31624	49	10	,	,	,
31624	49	11	and	and	CC
31624	49	12	87	87	CD
31624	49	13	.	.	.
31624	50	1	[	[	-LRB-
31624	50	2	Illustration	illustration	NN
31624	50	3	:	:	:
31624	50	4	Fig	Fig	NNP
31624	50	5	.	.	.
31624	51	1	2	2	LS
31624	51	2	.	.	.
31624	52	1	Periodic	periodic	JJ
31624	52	2	chart	chart	NN
31624	52	3	of	of	IN
31624	52	4	the	the	DT
31624	52	5	elements	element	NNS
31624	52	6	(	(	-LRB-
31624	52	7	1963	1963	CD
31624	52	8	)	)	-RRB-
31624	52	9	]	]	-RRB-
31624	52	10	Workers	worker	NNS
31624	52	11	using	use	VBG
31624	52	12	traditional	traditional	JJ
31624	52	13	analytical	analytical	JJ
31624	52	14	techniques	technique	NNS
31624	52	15	continued	continue	VBD
31624	52	16	to	to	TO
31624	52	17	search	search	VB
31624	52	18	for	for	IN
31624	52	19	these	these	DT
31624	52	20	elements	element	NNS
31624	52	21	,	,	,
31624	52	22	but	but	CC
31624	52	23	their	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	52	24	efforts	effort	NNS
31624	52	25	were	be	VBD
31624	52	26	foredoomed	foredoom	VBN
31624	52	27	to	to	IN
31624	52	28	failure	failure	NN
31624	52	29	.	.	.
31624	53	1	None	none	NN
31624	53	2	of	of	IN
31624	53	3	the	the	DT
31624	53	4	nuclei	nucleus	NNS
31624	53	5	of	of	IN
31624	53	6	the	the	DT
31624	53	7	isotopes	isotope	NNS
31624	53	8	of	of	IN
31624	53	9	elements	element	NNS
31624	53	10	43	43	CD
31624	53	11	,	,	,
31624	53	12	61	61	CD
31624	53	13	,	,	,
31624	53	14	85	85	CD
31624	53	15	,	,	,
31624	53	16	and	and	CC
31624	53	17	87	87	CD
31624	53	18	are	be	VBP
31624	53	19	stable	stable	JJ
31624	53	20	;	;	:
31624	53	21	hence	hence	RB
31624	53	22	weighable	weighable	JJ
31624	53	23	quantities	quantity	NNS
31624	53	24	of	of	IN
31624	53	25	them	-PRON-	PRP
31624	53	26	do	do	VBP
31624	53	27	not	not	RB
31624	53	28	exist	exist	VB
31624	53	29	in	in	IN
31624	53	30	nature	nature	NN
31624	53	31	,	,	,
31624	53	32	and	and	CC
31624	53	33	new	new	JJ
31624	53	34	techniques	technique	NNS
31624	53	35	had	have	VBD
31624	53	36	to	to	TO
31624	53	37	be	be	VB
31624	53	38	developed	develop	VBN
31624	53	39	before	before	IN
31624	53	40	we	-PRON-	PRP
31624	53	41	could	could	MD
31624	53	42	really	really	RB
31624	53	43	say	say	VB
31624	53	44	we	-PRON-	PRP
31624	53	45	had	have	VBD
31624	53	46	"	"	``
31624	53	47	discovered	discover	VBN
31624	53	48	"	"	''
31624	53	49	them	-PRON-	PRP
31624	53	50	.	.	.
31624	54	1	In	in	IN
31624	54	2	1919	1919	CD
31624	54	3	,	,	,
31624	54	4	Rutherford	Rutherford	NNP
31624	54	5	accomplished	accomplish	VBD
31624	54	6	scientifically	scientifically	RB
31624	54	7	what	what	WP
31624	54	8	medieval	medieval	JJ
31624	54	9	alchemists	alchemist	NNS
31624	54	10	had	have	VBD
31624	54	11	failed	fail	VBN
31624	54	12	to	to	TO
31624	54	13	do	do	VB
31624	54	14	with	with	IN
31624	54	15	"	"	``
31624	54	16	magic	magic	JJ
31624	54	17	"	"	''
31624	54	18	experiments	experiment	NNS
31624	54	19	and	and	CC
31624	54	20	other	other	JJ
31624	54	21	less	less	RBR
31624	54	22	sophisticated	sophisticated	JJ
31624	54	23	techniques	technique	NNS
31624	54	24	.	.	.
31624	55	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
31624	55	2	was	be	VBD
31624	55	3	n't	not	RB
31624	55	4	gold	gold	NN
31624	55	5	(	(	-LRB-
31624	55	6	the	the	DT
31624	55	7	goal	goal	NN
31624	55	8	of	of	IN
31624	55	9	the	the	DT
31624	55	10	alchemists	alchemist	NNS
31624	55	11	)	)	-RRB-
31624	55	12	he	-PRON-	PRP
31624	55	13	found	find	VBD
31624	55	14	but	but	CC
31624	55	15	something	something	NN
31624	55	16	more	more	RBR
31624	55	17	valuable	valuable	JJ
31624	55	18	with	with	IN
31624	55	19	even	even	RB
31624	55	20	greater	great	JJR
31624	55	21	potential	potential	NN
31624	55	22	for	for	IN
31624	55	23	good	good	JJ
31624	55	24	and	and	CC
31624	55	25	evil	evil	NN
31624	55	26	:	:	:
31624	55	27	a	a	DT
31624	55	28	method	method	NN
31624	55	29	of	of	IN
31624	55	30	transmuting	transmute	VBG
31624	55	31	one	one	CD
31624	55	32	element	element	NN
31624	55	33	into	into	IN
31624	55	34	another	another	DT
31624	55	35	.	.	.
31624	56	1	By	by	IN
31624	56	2	bombarding	bombard	VBG
31624	56	3	nitrogen	nitrogen	NN
31624	56	4	nuclei	nucleus	NNS
31624	56	5	with	with	IN
31624	56	6	alpha	alpha	NN
31624	56	7	particles	particle	NNS
31624	56	8	from	from	IN
31624	56	9	radium	radium	NN
31624	56	10	,	,	,
31624	56	11	he	-PRON-	PRP
31624	56	12	found	find	VBD
31624	56	13	that	that	IN
31624	56	14	nitrogen	nitrogen	NN
31624	56	15	was	be	VBD
31624	56	16	changed	change	VBN
31624	56	17	into	into	IN
31624	56	18	oxygen	oxygen	NN
31624	56	19	.	.	.
31624	57	1	The	the	DT
31624	57	2	process	process	NN
31624	57	3	for	for	IN
31624	57	4	radioactive	radioactive	JJ
31624	57	5	transmutation	transmutation	NN
31624	57	6	is	be	VBZ
31624	57	7	somewhat	somewhat	RB
31624	57	8	like	like	IN
31624	57	9	a	a	DT
31624	57	10	common	common	JJ
31624	57	11	chemical	chemical	NN
31624	57	12	reaction	reaction	NN
31624	57	13	.	.	.
31624	58	1	An	an	DT
31624	58	2	alpha	alpha	NN
31624	58	3	particle	particle	NN
31624	58	4	,	,	,
31624	58	5	which	which	WDT
31624	58	6	has	have	VBZ
31624	58	7	the	the	DT
31624	58	8	same	same	JJ
31624	58	9	charge	charge	NN
31624	58	10	(	(	-LRB-
31624	58	11	+2	+2	NNP
31624	58	12	)	)	-RRB-
31624	58	13	and	and	CC
31624	58	14	atomic	atomic	NNP
31624	58	15	mass	mass	NNP
31624	58	16	(	(	-LRB-
31624	58	17	4	4	CD
31624	58	18	)	)	-RRB-
31624	58	19	as	as	IN
31624	58	20	a	a	DT
31624	58	21	helium	helium	NN
31624	58	22	nucleus	nucleus	NN
31624	58	23	,	,	,
31624	58	24	penetrates	penetrate	VBZ
31624	58	25	the	the	DT
31624	58	26	repulsive	repulsive	JJ
31624	58	27	forces	force	NNS
31624	58	28	of	of	IN
31624	58	29	the	the	DT
31624	58	30	nitrogen	nitrogen	NN
31624	58	31	nucleus	nucleus	NN
31624	58	32	and	and	CC
31624	58	33	deposits	deposit	VBZ
31624	58	34	one	one	CD
31624	58	35	proton	proton	NNP
31624	58	36	and	and	CC
31624	58	37	one	one	CD
31624	58	38	neutron	neutron	NN
31624	58	39	;	;	:
31624	58	40	this	this	DT
31624	58	41	changes	change	VBZ
31624	58	42	the	the	DT
31624	58	43	nitrogen	nitrogen	NN
31624	58	44	atom	atom	NN
31624	58	45	into	into	IN
31624	58	46	an	an	DT
31624	58	47	oxygen	oxygen	NN
31624	58	48	atom	atom	NN
31624	58	49	.	.	.
31624	59	1	The	the	DT
31624	59	2	reaction	reaction	NN
31624	59	3	is	be	VBZ
31624	59	4	written	write	VBN
31624	59	5	{	{	-LRB-
31624	59	6	7}N<14	7}n<14	CD
31624	59	7	>	>	XX
31624	59	8	+	+	SYM
31624	59	9	{	{	-LRB-
31624	59	10	2}He<4	2}he<4	CD
31624	59	11	>	>	XX
31624	59	12	--	--	:
31624	59	13	>	>	XX
31624	59	14	{	{	-LRB-
31624	59	15	1}H<1	1}h<1	CD
31624	59	16	>	>	XX
31624	59	17	+	+	CC
31624	59	18	{	{	-LRB-
31624	59	19	8}O<17	8}o<17	CD
31624	59	20	>	>	XX
31624	59	21	.	.	.
31624	60	1	The	the	DT
31624	60	2	number	number	NN
31624	60	3	at	at	IN
31624	60	4	the	the	DT
31624	60	5	lower	low	JJR
31624	60	6	left	left	NN
31624	60	7	of	of	IN
31624	60	8	each	each	DT
31624	60	9	element	element	NN
31624	60	10	symbol	symbol	NN
31624	60	11	in	in	IN
31624	60	12	the	the	DT
31624	60	13	above	above	JJ
31624	60	14	reaction	reaction	NN
31624	60	15	is	be	VBZ
31624	60	16	the	the	DT
31624	60	17	proton	proton	NNP
31624	60	18	number	number	NN
31624	60	19	.	.	.
31624	61	1	This	this	DT
31624	61	2	number	number	NN
31624	61	3	determines	determine	VBZ
31624	61	4	the	the	DT
31624	61	5	basic	basic	JJ
31624	61	6	chemical	chemical	NN
31624	61	7	identity	identity	NN
31624	61	8	of	of	IN
31624	61	9	an	an	DT
31624	61	10	atom	atom	NN
31624	61	11	,	,	,
31624	61	12	and	and	CC
31624	61	13	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	61	14	is	be	VBZ
31624	61	15	this	this	DT
31624	61	16	number	number	NN
31624	61	17	scientists	scientist	NNS
31624	61	18	must	must	MD
31624	61	19	change	change	VB
31624	61	20	before	before	IN
31624	61	21	one	one	CD
31624	61	22	element	element	NN
31624	61	23	can	can	MD
31624	61	24	be	be	VB
31624	61	25	transformed	transform	VBN
31624	61	26	into	into	IN
31624	61	27	another	another	DT
31624	61	28	.	.	.
31624	62	1	The	the	DT
31624	62	2	common	common	JJ
31624	62	3	way	way	NN
31624	62	4	to	to	TO
31624	62	5	accomplish	accomplish	VB
31624	62	6	this	this	DT
31624	62	7	artificially	artificially	RB
31624	62	8	is	be	VBZ
31624	62	9	by	by	IN
31624	62	10	bombarding	bombard	VBG
31624	62	11	nuclei	nucleus	NNS
31624	62	12	with	with	IN
31624	62	13	nuclear	nuclear	JJ
31624	62	14	projectiles	projectile	NNS
31624	62	15	.	.	.
31624	63	1	Rutherford	Rutherford	NNP
31624	63	2	used	use	VBD
31624	63	3	naturally	naturally	RB
31624	63	4	occurring	occur	VBG
31624	63	5	alpha	alpha	NN
31624	63	6	particles	particle	NNS
31624	63	7	from	from	IN
31624	63	8	radium	radium	NN
31624	63	9	as	as	IN
31624	63	10	his	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	63	11	projectiles	projectile	NNS
31624	63	12	because	because	IN
31624	63	13	they	-PRON-	PRP
31624	63	14	were	be	VBD
31624	63	15	the	the	DT
31624	63	16	most	most	RBS
31624	63	17	effective	effective	JJ
31624	63	18	he	-PRON-	PRP
31624	63	19	could	could	MD
31624	63	20	then	then	RB
31624	63	21	find	find	VB
31624	63	22	.	.	.
31624	64	1	But	but	CC
31624	64	2	these	these	DT
31624	64	3	natural	natural	JJ
31624	64	4	alpha	alpha	NN
31624	64	5	particles	particle	NNS
31624	64	6	have	have	VBP
31624	64	7	several	several	JJ
31624	64	8	drawbacks	drawback	NNS
31624	64	9	:	:	:
31624	64	10	they	-PRON-	PRP
31624	64	11	are	be	VBP
31624	64	12	positively	positively	RB
31624	64	13	charged	charge	VBN
31624	64	14	,	,	,
31624	64	15	like	like	IN
31624	64	16	the	the	DT
31624	64	17	nucleus	nucleus	NN
31624	64	18	itself	-PRON-	PRP
31624	64	19	,	,	,
31624	64	20	and	and	CC
31624	64	21	are	be	VBP
31624	64	22	therefore	therefore	RB
31624	64	23	more	more	RBR
31624	64	24	or	or	CC
31624	64	25	less	less	RBR
31624	64	26	repulsed	repulse	VBD
31624	64	27	depending	depend	VBG
31624	64	28	on	on	IN
31624	64	29	the	the	DT
31624	64	30	proton	proton	NNP
31624	64	31	number	number	NN
31624	64	32	of	of	IN
31624	64	33	the	the	DT
31624	64	34	element	element	NN
31624	64	35	being	be	VBG
31624	64	36	bombarded	bombard	VBN
31624	64	37	;	;	:
31624	64	38	they	-PRON-	PRP
31624	64	39	do	do	VBP
31624	64	40	not	not	RB
31624	64	41	move	move	VB
31624	64	42	fast	fast	RB
31624	64	43	enough	enough	RB
31624	64	44	to	to	TO
31624	64	45	penetrate	penetrate	VB
31624	64	46	the	the	DT
31624	64	47	nuclei	nucleus	NNS
31624	64	48	of	of	IN
31624	64	49	heavier	heavy	JJR
31624	64	50	elements	element	NNS
31624	64	51	(	(	-LRB-
31624	64	52	those	those	DT
31624	64	53	with	with	IN
31624	64	54	many	many	JJ
31624	64	55	protons	proton	NNS
31624	64	56	)	)	-RRB-
31624	64	57	;	;	:
31624	64	58	and	and	CC
31624	64	59	,	,	,
31624	64	60	for	for	IN
31624	64	61	various	various	JJ
31624	64	62	other	other	JJ
31624	64	63	reasons	reason	NNS
31624	64	64	(	(	-LRB-
31624	64	65	some	some	DT
31624	64	66	of	of	IN
31624	64	67	them	-PRON-	PRP
31624	64	68	unexplained	unexplained	JJ
31624	64	69	)	)	-RRB-
31624	64	70	,	,	,
31624	64	71	are	be	VBP
31624	64	72	inefficient	inefficient	JJ
31624	64	73	in	in	IN
31624	64	74	breaking	break	VBG
31624	64	75	up	up	RP
31624	64	76	the	the	DT
31624	64	77	nucleus	nucleus	NN
31624	64	78	.	.	.
31624	65	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
31624	65	2	is	be	VBZ
31624	65	3	estimated	estimate	VBN
31624	65	4	that	that	IN
31624	65	5	only	only	RB
31624	65	6	1	1	CD
31624	65	7	out	out	IN
31624	65	8	of	of	IN
31624	65	9	300,000	300,000	CD
31624	65	10	of	of	IN
31624	65	11	these	these	DT
31624	65	12	alpha	alpha	NN
31624	65	13	particles	particle	NNS
31624	65	14	will	will	MD
31624	65	15	react	react	VB
31624	65	16	with	with	IN
31624	65	17	nitrogen	nitrogen	NN
31624	65	18	.	.	.
31624	66	1	Physicists	physicist	NNS
31624	66	2	immediately	immediately	RB
31624	66	3	began	begin	VBD
31624	66	4	the	the	DT
31624	66	5	search	search	NN
31624	66	6	for	for	IN
31624	66	7	artificial	artificial	JJ
31624	66	8	means	mean	NNS
31624	66	9	to	to	TO
31624	66	10	accelerate	accelerate	VB
31624	66	11	a	a	DT
31624	66	12	wider	wide	JJR
31624	66	13	variety	variety	NN
31624	66	14	of	of	IN
31624	66	15	nuclear	nuclear	JJ
31624	66	16	particles	particle	NNS
31624	66	17	to	to	IN
31624	66	18	high	high	JJ
31624	66	19	energies	energy	NNS
31624	66	20	.	.	.
31624	67	1	Protons	proton	NNS
31624	67	2	,	,	,
31624	67	3	because	because	IN
31624	67	4	they	-PRON-	PRP
31624	67	5	have	have	VBP
31624	67	6	a	a	DT
31624	67	7	+1	+1	NNS
31624	67	8	charge	charge	NN
31624	67	9	rather	rather	RB
31624	67	10	than	than	IN
31624	67	11	the	the	DT
31624	67	12	+2	+2	JJ
31624	67	13	charge	charge	NN
31624	67	14	of	of	IN
31624	67	15	the	the	DT
31624	67	16	alpha	alpha	NN
31624	67	17	particles	particle	NNS
31624	67	18	,	,	,
31624	67	19	are	be	VBP
31624	67	20	repulsed	repulse	VBN
31624	67	21	less	less	RBR
31624	67	22	strongly	strongly	RB
31624	67	23	by	by	IN
31624	67	24	the	the	DT
31624	67	25	positive	positive	JJ
31624	67	26	charge	charge	NN
31624	67	27	on	on	IN
31624	67	28	the	the	DT
31624	67	29	nucleus	nucleus	NN
31624	67	30	,	,	,
31624	67	31	and	and	CC
31624	67	32	are	be	VBP
31624	67	33	therefore	therefore	RB
31624	67	34	more	more	RBR
31624	67	35	useful	useful	JJ
31624	67	36	as	as	IN
31624	67	37	bombarding	bombard	VBG
31624	67	38	projectiles	projectile	NNS
31624	67	39	.	.	.
31624	68	1	In	in	IN
31624	68	2	1929	1929	CD
31624	68	3	,	,	,
31624	68	4	E.	E.	NNP
31624	68	5	T.	T.	NNP
31624	68	6	S.	S.	NNP
31624	68	7	Walton	Walton	NNP
31624	68	8	and	and	CC
31624	68	9	J.	J.	NNP
31624	68	10	D.	D.	NNP
31624	68	11	Cockcroft	Cockcroft	NNP
31624	68	12	passed	pass	VBD
31624	68	13	an	an	DT
31624	68	14	electric	electric	JJ
31624	68	15	discharge	discharge	NN
31624	68	16	through	through	IN
31624	68	17	hydrogen	hydrogen	NN
31624	68	18	gas	gas	NN
31624	68	19	,	,	,
31624	68	20	thereby	thereby	RB
31624	68	21	removing	remove	VBG
31624	68	22	electrons	electron	NNS
31624	68	23	from	from	IN
31624	68	24	the	the	DT
31624	68	25	hydrogen	hydrogen	NN
31624	68	26	atom	atom	NN
31624	68	27	;	;	:
31624	68	28	this	this	DT
31624	68	29	left	leave	VBD
31624	68	30	a	a	DT
31624	68	31	beam	beam	NN
31624	68	32	of	of	IN
31624	68	33	protons	proton	NNS
31624	68	34	(	(	-LRB-
31624	68	35	i.	i.	NNP
31624	68	36	e.	e.	NNP
31624	68	37	,	,	,
31624	68	38	hydrogen	hydrogen	NNP
31624	68	39	ions	ion	NNS
31624	68	40	)	)	-RRB-
31624	68	41	,	,	,
31624	68	42	which	which	WDT
31624	68	43	was	be	VBD
31624	68	44	then	then	RB
31624	68	45	accelerated	accelerate	VBN
31624	68	46	by	by	IN
31624	68	47	high	high	JJ
31624	68	48	voltages	voltage	NNS
31624	68	49	.	.	.
31624	69	1	This	this	DT
31624	69	2	Cockcroft	Cockcroft	NNP
31624	69	3	-	-	HYPH
31624	69	4	Walton	Walton	NNP
31624	69	5	voltage	voltage	NN
31624	69	6	multiplier	multiplier	NN
31624	69	7	accelerated	accelerate	VBD
31624	69	8	the	the	DT
31624	69	9	protons	proton	NNS
31624	69	10	to	to	IN
31624	69	11	fairly	fairly	RB
31624	69	12	high	high	JJ
31624	69	13	energies	energy	NNS
31624	69	14	(	(	-LRB-
31624	69	15	about	about	RB
31624	69	16	800,000	800,000	CD
31624	69	17	electron	electron	NN
31624	69	18	volts	volt	NNS
31624	69	19	)	)	-RRB-
31624	69	20	,	,	,
31624	69	21	but	but	CC
31624	69	22	the	the	DT
31624	69	23	protons	proton	NNS
31624	69	24	still	still	RB
31624	69	25	had	have	VBD
31624	69	26	a	a	DT
31624	69	27	plus	plus	JJ
31624	69	28	charge	charge	NN
31624	69	29	and	and	CC
31624	69	30	their	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	69	31	energies	energy	NNS
31624	69	32	were	be	VBD
31624	69	33	still	still	RB
31624	69	34	not	not	RB
31624	69	35	high	high	JJ
31624	69	36	enough	enough	RB
31624	69	37	to	to	TO
31624	69	38	overcome	overcome	VB
31624	69	39	the	the	DT
31624	69	40	repulsive	repulsive	JJ
31624	69	41	forces	force	NNS
31624	69	42	(	(	-LRB-
31624	69	43	Coulombic	Coulombic	NNP
31624	69	44	repulsion	repulsion	NN
31624	69	45	)	)	-RRB-
31624	69	46	of	of	IN
31624	69	47	the	the	DT
31624	69	48	heavier	heavy	JJR
31624	69	49	nuclei	nucleus	NNS
31624	69	50	.	.	.
31624	70	1	A	a	DT
31624	70	2	later	later	JJ
31624	70	3	development	development	NN
31624	70	4	,	,	,
31624	70	5	the	the	DT
31624	70	6	Van	Van	NNP
31624	70	7	de	de	NNP
31624	70	8	Graaff	Graaff	NNP
31624	70	9	electrostatic	electrostatic	JJ
31624	70	10	generator	generator	NN
31624	70	11	,	,	,
31624	70	12	produced	produce	VBD
31624	70	13	a	a	DT
31624	70	14	beam	beam	NN
31624	70	15	of	of	IN
31624	70	16	hydrogen	hydrogen	NN
31624	70	17	ions	ion	NNS
31624	70	18	and	and	CC
31624	70	19	other	other	JJ
31624	70	20	positively	positively	RB
31624	70	21	charged	charge	VBN
31624	70	22	ions	ion	NNS
31624	70	23	,	,	,
31624	70	24	and	and	CC
31624	70	25	electrons	electron	NNS
31624	70	26	at	at	IN
31624	70	27	even	even	RB
31624	70	28	higher	high	JJR
31624	70	29	energies	energy	NNS
31624	70	30	.	.	.
31624	71	1	An	an	DT
31624	71	2	early	early	JJ
31624	71	3	model	model	NN
31624	71	4	of	of	IN
31624	71	5	the	the	DT
31624	71	6	linear	linear	JJ
31624	71	7	accelerator	accelerator	NN
31624	71	8	also	also	RB
31624	71	9	gave	give	VBD
31624	71	10	a	a	DT
31624	71	11	beam	beam	NN
31624	71	12	of	of	IN
31624	71	13	heavy	heavy	JJ
31624	71	14	positive	positive	JJ
31624	71	15	ions	ion	NNS
31624	71	16	at	at	IN
31624	71	17	high	high	JJ
31624	71	18	energies	energy	NNS
31624	71	19	.	.	.
31624	72	1	These	these	DT
31624	72	2	were	be	VBD
31624	72	3	the	the	DT
31624	72	4	next	next	JJ
31624	72	5	two	two	CD
31624	72	6	instruments	instrument	NNS
31624	72	7	devised	devise	VBN
31624	72	8	in	in	IN
31624	72	9	the	the	DT
31624	72	10	search	search	NN
31624	72	11	for	for	IN
31624	72	12	efficient	efficient	JJ
31624	72	13	bombarding	bombard	VBG
31624	72	14	projectiles	projectile	NNS
31624	72	15	.	.	.
31624	73	1	However	however	RB
31624	73	2	,	,	,
31624	73	3	the	the	DT
31624	73	4	impasse	impasse	NN
31624	73	5	continued	continue	VBD
31624	73	6	:	:	:
31624	73	7	neither	neither	DT
31624	73	8	instrument	instrument	NN
31624	73	9	allowed	allow	VBD
31624	73	10	scientists	scientist	NNS
31624	73	11	to	to	TO
31624	73	12	crack	crack	VB
31624	73	13	the	the	DT
31624	73	14	nuclei	nucleus	NNS
31624	73	15	of	of	IN
31624	73	16	the	the	DT
31624	73	17	heavier	heavy	JJR
31624	73	18	elements	element	NNS
31624	73	19	.	.	.
31624	74	1	Ernest	Ernest	NNP
31624	74	2	O.	O.	NNP
31624	74	3	Lawrence	Lawrence	NNP
31624	74	4	's	's	POS
31624	74	5	cyclotron	cyclotron	NN
31624	74	6	,	,	,
31624	74	7	built	build	VBN
31624	74	8	in	in	IN
31624	74	9	1931	1931	CD
31624	74	10	,	,	,
31624	74	11	was	be	VBD
31624	74	12	the	the	DT
31624	74	13	first	first	JJ
31624	74	14	device	device	NN
31624	74	15	capable	capable	JJ
31624	74	16	of	of	IN
31624	74	17	accelerating	accelerate	VBG
31624	74	18	positive	positive	JJ
31624	74	19	ions	ion	NNS
31624	74	20	to	to	IN
31624	74	21	the	the	DT
31624	74	22	very	very	RB
31624	74	23	high	high	JJ
31624	74	24	energies	energy	NNS
31624	74	25	needed	need	VBN
31624	74	26	.	.	.
31624	75	1	Its	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	75	2	basic	basic	JJ
31624	75	3	principle	principle	NN
31624	75	4	of	of	IN
31624	75	5	operation	operation	NN
31624	75	6	is	be	VBZ
31624	75	7	not	not	RB
31624	75	8	difficult	difficult	JJ
31624	75	9	to	to	TO
31624	75	10	understand	understand	VB
31624	75	11	.	.	.
31624	76	1	A	a	DT
31624	76	2	charged	charge	VBN
31624	76	3	particle	particle	NN
31624	76	4	accelerated	accelerate	VBD
31624	76	5	in	in	IN
31624	76	6	a	a	DT
31624	76	7	cyclotron	cyclotron	NN
31624	76	8	is	be	VBZ
31624	76	9	analogous	analogous	JJ
31624	76	10	to	to	IN
31624	76	11	a	a	DT
31624	76	12	ball	ball	NN
31624	76	13	being	be	VBG
31624	76	14	whirled	whirl	VBN
31624	76	15	on	on	IN
31624	76	16	a	a	DT
31624	76	17	string	string	NN
31624	76	18	fastened	fasten	VBN
31624	76	19	to	to	IN
31624	76	20	the	the	DT
31624	76	21	top	top	NN
31624	76	22	of	of	IN
31624	76	23	a	a	DT
31624	76	24	pole	pole	NN
31624	76	25	.	.	.
31624	77	1	A	a	DT
31624	77	2	negative	negative	JJ
31624	77	3	electric	electric	JJ
31624	77	4	field	field	NN
31624	77	5	attracts	attract	VBZ
31624	77	6	the	the	DT
31624	77	7	positively	positively	RB
31624	77	8	charged	charge	VBN
31624	77	9	particle	particle	NN
31624	77	10	(	(	-LRB-
31624	77	11	ball	ball	NN
31624	77	12	)	)	-RRB-
31624	77	13	towards	towards	IN
31624	77	14	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	77	15	and	and	CC
31624	77	16	then	then	RB
31624	77	17	switches	switch	VBZ
31624	77	18	off	off	RP
31624	77	19	until	until	IN
31624	77	20	the	the	DT
31624	77	21	particle	particle	NN
31624	77	22	swings	swing	NNS
31624	77	23	halfway	halfway	RB
31624	77	24	around	around	RB
31624	77	25	;	;	:
31624	77	26	the	the	DT
31624	77	27	field	field	NN
31624	77	28	then	then	RB
31624	77	29	becomes	become	VBZ
31624	77	30	negative	negative	JJ
31624	77	31	in	in	IN
31624	77	32	front	front	NN
31624	77	33	of	of	IN
31624	77	34	the	the	DT
31624	77	35	particle	particle	NN
31624	77	36	again	again	RB
31624	77	37	,	,	,
31624	77	38	and	and	CC
31624	77	39	again	again	RB
31624	77	40	attracts	attract	VBZ
31624	77	41	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	77	42	.	.	.
31624	78	1	As	as	IN
31624	78	2	the	the	DT
31624	78	3	particle	particle	NN
31624	78	4	moves	move	VBZ
31624	78	5	faster	fast	RBR
31624	78	6	and	and	CC
31624	78	7	faster	fast	RBR
31624	78	8	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	78	9	spirals	spiral	VBZ
31624	78	10	outward	outward	RB
31624	78	11	in	in	IN
31624	78	12	an	an	DT
31624	78	13	ever	ever	RB
31624	78	14	increasing	increase	VBG
31624	78	15	circle	circle	NN
31624	78	16	,	,	,
31624	78	17	something	something	NN
31624	78	18	like	like	IN
31624	78	19	a	a	DT
31624	78	20	tether	tether	NN
31624	78	21	ball	ball	NN
31624	78	22	unwinding	unwind	VBG
31624	78	23	from	from	IN
31624	78	24	a	a	DT
31624	78	25	pole	pole	NN
31624	78	26	.	.	.
31624	79	1	The	the	DT
31624	79	2	energies	energy	NNS
31624	79	3	achieved	achieve	VBN
31624	79	4	would	would	MD
31624	79	5	have	have	VB
31624	79	6	seemed	seem	VBN
31624	79	7	fantastic	fantastic	JJ
31624	79	8	to	to	IN
31624	79	9	earlier	early	JJR
31624	79	10	scientists	scientist	NNS
31624	79	11	.	.	.
31624	80	1	The	the	DT
31624	80	2	Bevatron	Bevatron	NNP
31624	80	3	,	,	,
31624	80	4	a	a	DT
31624	80	5	modern	modern	JJ
31624	80	6	offspring	offspring	NN
31624	80	7	of	of	IN
31624	80	8	the	the	DT
31624	80	9	first	first	JJ
31624	80	10	cyclotron	cyclotron	NNP
31624	80	11	,	,	,
31624	80	12	accelerates	accelerate	VBZ
31624	80	13	protons	proton	NNS
31624	80	14	to	to	IN
31624	80	15	99.13	99.13	CD
31624	80	16	%	%	NN
31624	80	17	the	the	DT
31624	80	18	speed	speed	NN
31624	80	19	of	of	IN
31624	80	20	light	light	NN
31624	80	21	,	,	,
31624	80	22	thereby	thereby	RB
31624	80	23	giving	give	VBG
31624	80	24	them	-PRON-	PRP
31624	80	25	6.2	6.2	CD
31624	80	26	billion	billion	CD
31624	80	27	electron	electron	NN
31624	80	28	volts	volt	NNS
31624	80	29	(	(	-LRB-
31624	80	30	BeV	BeV	NNP
31624	80	31	)	)	-RRB-
31624	80	32	.	.	.
31624	81	1	Another	another	DT
31624	81	2	instrument	instrument	NN
31624	81	3	,	,	,
31624	81	4	the	the	DT
31624	81	5	heavy	heavy	JJ
31624	81	6	-	-	HYPH
31624	81	7	ion	ion	NN
31624	81	8	linear	linear	JJ
31624	81	9	accelerator	accelerator	NN
31624	81	10	(	(	-LRB-
31624	81	11	Hilac	Hilac	NNP
31624	81	12	)	)	-RRB-
31624	81	13	,	,	,
31624	81	14	accelerates	accelerate	VBZ
31624	81	15	ions	ion	NNS
31624	81	16	as	as	RB
31624	81	17	heavy	heavy	JJ
31624	81	18	as	as	IN
31624	81	19	neon	neon	NN
31624	81	20	to	to	IN
31624	81	21	about	about	RB
31624	81	22	15	15	CD
31624	81	23	%	%	NN
31624	81	24	the	the	DT
31624	81	25	speed	speed	NN
31624	81	26	of	of	IN
31624	81	27	light	light	NN
31624	81	28	.	.	.
31624	82	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
31624	82	2	is	be	VBZ
31624	82	3	called	call	VBN
31624	82	4	a	a	DT
31624	82	5	linear	linear	JJ
31624	82	6	accelerator	accelerator	NN
31624	82	7	because	because	IN
31624	82	8	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	82	9	accelerates	accelerate	VBZ
31624	82	10	particles	particle	NNS
31624	82	11	in	in	IN
31624	82	12	a	a	DT
31624	82	13	straight	straight	JJ
31624	82	14	line	line	NN
31624	82	15	.	.	.
31624	83	1	Stanford	Stanford	NNP
31624	83	2	University	University	NNP
31624	83	3	is	be	VBZ
31624	83	4	currently	currently	RB
31624	83	5	(	(	-LRB-
31624	83	6	1963	1963	CD
31624	83	7	)	)	-RRB-
31624	83	8	in	in	IN
31624	83	9	the	the	DT
31624	83	10	process	process	NN
31624	83	11	of	of	IN
31624	83	12	building	build	VBG
31624	83	13	a	a	DT
31624	83	14	linear	linear	JJ
31624	83	15	accelerator	accelerator	NN
31624	83	16	approximately	approximately	RB
31624	83	17	two	two	CD
31624	83	18	miles	mile	NNS
31624	83	19	long	long	JJ
31624	83	20	which	which	WDT
31624	83	21	will	will	MD
31624	83	22	accelerate	accelerate	VB
31624	83	23	charged	charge	VBN
31624	83	24	particles	particle	NNS
31624	83	25	to	to	IN
31624	83	26	99.9	99.9	CD
31624	83	27	%	%	NN
31624	83	28	the	the	DT
31624	83	29	speed	speed	NN
31624	83	30	of	of	IN
31624	83	31	light	light	NN
31624	83	32	.	.	.
31624	84	1	But	but	CC
31624	84	2	highly	highly	RB
31624	84	3	accelerated	accelerate	VBN
31624	84	4	charged	charge	VBN
31624	84	5	particles	particle	NNS
31624	84	6	did	do	VBD
31624	84	7	not	not	RB
31624	84	8	solve	solve	VB
31624	84	9	all	all	DT
31624	84	10	of	of	IN
31624	84	11	science	science	NN
31624	84	12	's	's	POS
31624	84	13	questions	question	NNS
31624	84	14	about	about	IN
31624	84	15	the	the	DT
31624	84	16	inner	inner	JJ
31624	84	17	workings	working	NNS
31624	84	18	of	of	IN
31624	84	19	the	the	DT
31624	84	20	nucleus	nucleus	NN
31624	84	21	.	.	.
31624	85	1	In	in	IN
31624	85	2	1932	1932	CD
31624	85	3	,	,	,
31624	85	4	during	during	IN
31624	85	5	the	the	DT
31624	85	6	early	early	JJ
31624	85	7	search	search	NN
31624	85	8	for	for	IN
31624	85	9	more	more	RBR
31624	85	10	efficient	efficient	JJ
31624	85	11	ways	way	NNS
31624	85	12	to	to	IN
31624	85	13	bombard	bombard	JJ
31624	85	14	nuclei	nucleus	NNS
31624	85	15	,	,	,
31624	85	16	James	James	NNP
31624	85	17	Chadwick	Chadwick	NNP
31624	85	18	discovered	discover	VBD
31624	85	19	the	the	DT
31624	85	20	neutron	neutron	NN
31624	85	21	.	.	.
31624	86	1	This	this	DT
31624	86	2	particle	particle	NN
31624	86	3	,	,	,
31624	86	4	which	which	WDT
31624	86	5	is	be	VBZ
31624	86	6	neutral	neutral	JJ
31624	86	7	in	in	IN
31624	86	8	charge	charge	NN
31624	86	9	and	and	CC
31624	86	10	is	be	VBZ
31624	86	11	approximately	approximately	RB
31624	86	12	the	the	DT
31624	86	13	same	same	JJ
31624	86	14	mass	mass	NN
31624	86	15	as	as	IN
31624	86	16	a	a	DT
31624	86	17	proton	proton	NNP
31624	86	18	,	,	,
31624	86	19	has	have	VBZ
31624	86	20	the	the	DT
31624	86	21	remarkable	remarkable	JJ
31624	86	22	quality	quality	NN
31624	86	23	of	of	IN
31624	86	24	efficiently	efficiently	RB
31624	86	25	producing	produce	VBG
31624	86	26	nuclear	nuclear	JJ
31624	86	27	reactions	reaction	NNS
31624	86	28	even	even	RB
31624	86	29	at	at	IN
31624	86	30	very	very	RB
31624	86	31	low	low	JJ
31624	86	32	energies	energy	NNS
31624	86	33	.	.	.
31624	87	1	No	no	DT
31624	87	2	one	one	NN
31624	87	3	exactly	exactly	RB
31624	87	4	knowns	known	VBZ
31624	87	5	why	why	WRB
31624	87	6	.	.	.
31624	88	1	At	at	IN
31624	88	2	low	low	JJ
31624	88	3	energies	energy	NNS
31624	88	4	,	,	,
31624	88	5	protons	proton	NNS
31624	88	6	,	,	,
31624	88	7	alpha	alpha	NN
31624	88	8	particles	particle	NNS
31624	88	9	,	,	,
31624	88	10	or	or	CC
31624	88	11	other	other	JJ
31624	88	12	charged	charge	VBN
31624	88	13	particles	particle	NNS
31624	88	14	do	do	VBP
31624	88	15	not	not	RB
31624	88	16	interact	interact	VB
31624	88	17	with	with	IN
31624	88	18	nuclei	nucleus	NNS
31624	88	19	because	because	IN
31624	88	20	they	-PRON-	PRP
31624	88	21	can	can	MD
31624	88	22	not	not	RB
31624	88	23	penetrate	penetrate	VB
31624	88	24	the	the	DT
31624	88	25	electrostatic	electrostatic	JJ
31624	88	26	energy	energy	NN
31624	88	27	barriers	barrier	NNS
31624	88	28	.	.	.
31624	89	1	For	for	IN
31624	89	2	example	example	NN
31624	89	3	,	,	,
31624	89	4	slow	slow	JJ
31624	89	5	positive	positive	JJ
31624	89	6	particles	particle	NNS
31624	89	7	pick	pick	VBP
31624	89	8	up	up	RP
31624	89	9	electrons	electron	NNS
31624	89	10	,	,	,
31624	89	11	become	become	VB
31624	89	12	neutral	neutral	JJ
31624	89	13	,	,	,
31624	89	14	and	and	CC
31624	89	15	lose	lose	VB
31624	89	16	their	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	89	17	ability	ability	NN
31624	89	18	to	to	TO
31624	89	19	cause	cause	VB
31624	89	20	nuclear	nuclear	JJ
31624	89	21	transformations	transformation	NNS
31624	89	22	.	.	.
31624	90	1	Slow	slow	JJ
31624	90	2	neutrons	neutron	NNS
31624	90	3	,	,	,
31624	90	4	on	on	IN
31624	90	5	the	the	DT
31624	90	6	other	other	JJ
31624	90	7	hand	hand	NN
31624	90	8	,	,	,
31624	90	9	can	can	MD
31624	90	10	enter	enter	VB
31624	90	11	nearly	nearly	RB
31624	90	12	all	all	DT
31624	90	13	atomic	atomic	JJ
31624	90	14	nuclei	nucleus	NNS
31624	90	15	and	and	CC
31624	90	16	induce	induce	VBP
31624	90	17	fission	fission	NN
31624	90	18	of	of	IN
31624	90	19	certain	certain	JJ
31624	90	20	of	of	IN
31624	90	21	the	the	DT
31624	90	22	heavier	heavy	JJR
31624	90	23	ones	one	NNS
31624	90	24	.	.	.
31624	91	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
31624	91	2	is	be	VBZ
31624	91	3	,	,	,
31624	91	4	in	in	IN
31624	91	5	fact	fact	NN
31624	91	6	,	,	,
31624	91	7	these	these	DT
31624	91	8	properties	property	NNS
31624	91	9	of	of	IN
31624	91	10	the	the	DT
31624	91	11	neutron	neutron	NN
31624	91	12	which	which	WDT
31624	91	13	have	have	VBP
31624	91	14	made	make	VBN
31624	91	15	possible	possible	JJ
31624	91	16	the	the	DT
31624	91	17	utilization	utilization	NN
31624	91	18	of	of	IN
31624	91	19	atomic	atomic	JJ
31624	91	20	energy	energy	NN
31624	91	21	.	.	.
31624	92	1	With	with	IN
31624	92	2	these	these	DT
31624	92	3	tools	tool	NNS
31624	92	4	,	,	,
31624	92	5	researchers	researcher	NNS
31624	92	6	were	be	VBD
31624	92	7	not	not	RB
31624	92	8	long	long	RB
31624	92	9	in	in	IN
31624	92	10	accurately	accurately	RB
31624	92	11	identifying	identify	VBG
31624	92	12	the	the	DT
31624	92	13	missing	miss	VBG
31624	92	14	elements	element	NNS
31624	92	15	43	43	CD
31624	92	16	,	,	,
31624	92	17	61	61	CD
31624	92	18	,	,	,
31624	92	19	85	85	CD
31624	92	20	,	,	,
31624	92	21	and	and	CC
31624	92	22	87	87	CD
31624	92	23	and	and	CC
31624	92	24	more	more	JJR
31624	92	25	--	--	:
31624	92	26	indeed	indeed	RB
31624	92	27	,	,	,
31624	92	28	the	the	DT
31624	92	29	list	list	NN
31624	92	30	of	of	IN
31624	92	31	new	new	JJ
31624	92	32	elements	element	NNS
31624	92	33	,	,	,
31624	92	34	isotopes	isotope	NNS
31624	92	35	,	,	,
31624	92	36	and	and	CC
31624	92	37	particles	particle	NNS
31624	92	38	now	now	RB
31624	92	39	seems	seem	VBZ
31624	92	40	endless	endless	JJ
31624	92	41	.	.	.
31624	93	1	Element	element	NN
31624	93	2	43	43	CD
31624	93	3	was	be	VBD
31624	93	4	"	"	``
31624	93	5	made	make	VBN
31624	93	6	"	"	''
31624	93	7	for	for	IN
31624	93	8	the	the	DT
31624	93	9	first	first	JJ
31624	93	10	time	time	NN
31624	93	11	as	as	IN
31624	93	12	a	a	DT
31624	93	13	result	result	NN
31624	93	14	of	of	IN
31624	93	15	bombarding	bombard	VBG
31624	93	16	molybdenum	molybdenum	NN
31624	93	17	with	with	IN
31624	93	18	deuterons	deuteron	NNS
31624	93	19	in	in	IN
31624	93	20	the	the	DT
31624	93	21	Berkeley	Berkeley	NNP
31624	93	22	cyclotron	cyclotron	NN
31624	93	23	.	.	.
31624	94	1	The	the	DT
31624	94	2	chemical	chemical	NN
31624	94	3	work	work	NN
31624	94	4	of	of	IN
31624	94	5	identifying	identify	VBG
31624	94	6	the	the	DT
31624	94	7	element	element	NN
31624	94	8	was	be	VBD
31624	94	9	done	do	VBN
31624	94	10	by	by	IN
31624	94	11	Emilio	Emilio	NNP
31624	94	12	Segrè	Segrè	NNP
31624	94	13	and	and	CC
31624	94	14	others	other	NNS
31624	94	15	then	then	RB
31624	94	16	working	work	VBG
31624	94	17	at	at	IN
31624	94	18	Palermo	Palermo	NNP
31624	94	19	,	,	,
31624	94	20	Sicily	Sicily	NNP
31624	94	21	,	,	,
31624	94	22	and	and	CC
31624	94	23	they	-PRON-	PRP
31624	94	24	chose	choose	VBD
31624	94	25	to	to	TO
31624	94	26	call	call	VB
31624	94	27	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	94	28	technetium	technetium	NN
31624	94	29	,	,	,
31624	94	30	because	because	IN
31624	94	31	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	94	32	was	be	VBD
31624	94	33	the	the	DT
31624	94	34	element	element	NN
31624	94	35	first	first	RB
31624	94	36	made	make	VBN
31624	94	37	by	by	IN
31624	94	38	artificial	artificial	JJ
31624	94	39	technical	technical	JJ
31624	94	40	methods	method	NNS
31624	94	41	.	.	.
31624	95	1	Element	Element	NNP
31624	95	2	61	61	CD
31624	95	3	was	be	VBD
31624	95	4	made	make	VBN
31624	95	5	for	for	IN
31624	95	6	the	the	DT
31624	95	7	first	first	JJ
31624	95	8	time	time	NN
31624	95	9	from	from	IN
31624	95	10	the	the	DT
31624	95	11	fission	fission	NN
31624	95	12	disintegration	disintegration	NN
31624	95	13	products	product	NNS
31624	95	14	of	of	IN
31624	95	15	uranium	uranium	NN
31624	95	16	in	in	IN
31624	95	17	the	the	DT
31624	95	18	Clinton	Clinton	NNP
31624	95	19	(	(	-LRB-
31624	95	20	Oak	Oak	NNP
31624	95	21	Ridge	Ridge	NNP
31624	95	22	)	)	-RRB-
31624	95	23	reactor	reactor	NN
31624	95	24	.	.	.
31624	96	1	Marinsky	Marinsky	NNP
31624	96	2	and	and	CC
31624	96	3	Glendenin	Glendenin	NNP
31624	96	4	,	,	,
31624	96	5	who	who	WP
31624	96	6	did	do	VBD
31624	96	7	the	the	DT
31624	96	8	chemical	chemical	NN
31624	96	9	work	work	NN
31624	96	10	of	of	IN
31624	96	11	identification	identification	NN
31624	96	12	,	,	,
31624	96	13	chose	choose	VBD
31624	96	14	to	to	TO
31624	96	15	call	call	VB
31624	96	16	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	96	17	promethium	promethium	NN
31624	96	18	because	because	IN
31624	96	19	they	-PRON-	PRP
31624	96	20	wished	wish	VBD
31624	96	21	to	to	TO
31624	96	22	point	point	VB
31624	96	23	out	out	RP
31624	96	24	that	that	IN
31624	96	25	just	just	RB
31624	96	26	as	as	IN
31624	96	27	Prometheus	Prometheus	NNP
31624	96	28	stole	steal	VBD
31624	96	29	fire	fire	NN
31624	96	30	(	(	-LRB-
31624	96	31	a	a	DT
31624	96	32	great	great	JJ
31624	96	33	force	force	NN
31624	96	34	for	for	IN
31624	96	35	good	good	JJ
31624	96	36	or	or	CC
31624	96	37	evil	evil	NN
31624	96	38	)	)	-RRB-
31624	96	39	from	from	IN
31624	96	40	the	the	DT
31624	96	41	hidden	hidden	JJ
31624	96	42	storehouse	storehouse	NN
31624	96	43	of	of	IN
31624	96	44	the	the	DT
31624	96	45	gods	god	NNS
31624	96	46	and	and	CC
31624	96	47	presented	present	VBD
31624	96	48	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	96	49	to	to	IN
31624	96	50	man	man	NN
31624	96	51	,	,	,
31624	96	52	so	so	CC
31624	96	53	their	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	96	54	newly	newly	RB
31624	96	55	assembled	assemble	VBN
31624	96	56	reactor	reactor	NN
31624	96	57	delivered	deliver	VBN
31624	96	58	to	to	TO
31624	96	59	mankind	mankind	VB
31624	96	60	an	an	DT
31624	96	61	even	even	RB
31624	96	62	greater	great	JJR
31624	96	63	force	force	NN
31624	96	64	,	,	,
31624	96	65	nuclear	nuclear	JJ
31624	96	66	energy	energy	NN
31624	96	67	.	.	.
31624	97	1	Element	element	NN
31624	97	2	85	85	CD
31624	97	3	is	be	VBZ
31624	97	4	called	call	VBN
31624	97	5	astatine	astatine	NN
31624	97	6	,	,	,
31624	97	7	from	from	IN
31624	97	8	the	the	DT
31624	97	9	Greek	greek	JJ
31624	97	10	astatos	astato	NNS
31624	97	11	,	,	,
31624	97	12	meaning	mean	VBG
31624	97	13	"	"	``
31624	97	14	unstable	unstable	JJ
31624	97	15	,	,	,
31624	97	16	"	"	''
31624	97	17	because	because	IN
31624	97	18	astatine	astatine	NNP
31624	97	19	_	_	NNP
31624	97	20	is	be	VBZ
31624	97	21	_	_	NNP
31624	97	22	unstable	unstable	JJ
31624	97	23	(	(	-LRB-
31624	97	24	of	of	RB
31624	97	25	course	course	NN
31624	97	26	all	all	DT
31624	97	27	other	other	JJ
31624	97	28	elements	element	NNS
31624	97	29	having	have	VBG
31624	97	30	a	a	DT
31624	97	31	nuclear	nuclear	JJ
31624	97	32	charge	charge	NN
31624	97	33	number	number	NN
31624	97	34	greater	great	JJR
31624	97	35	than	than	IN
31624	97	36	84	84	CD
31624	97	37	are	be	VBP
31624	97	38	unstable	unstable	JJ
31624	97	39	,	,	,
31624	97	40	too	too	RB
31624	97	41	)	)	-RRB-
31624	97	42	.	.	.
31624	98	1	Astatine	Astatine	NNP
31624	98	2	was	be	VBD
31624	98	3	first	first	RB
31624	98	4	made	make	VBN
31624	98	5	at	at	IN
31624	98	6	Berkeley	Berkeley	NNP
31624	98	7	by	by	IN
31624	98	8	bombarding	bombard	VBG
31624	98	9	bismuth	bismuth	NNP
31624	98	10	with	with	IN
31624	98	11	alpha	alpha	NN
31624	98	12	particles	particle	NNS
31624	98	13	,	,	,
31624	98	14	which	which	WDT
31624	98	15	produced	produce	VBD
31624	98	16	astatine	astatine	NN
31624	98	17	and	and	CC
31624	98	18	released	release	VBD
31624	98	19	two	two	CD
31624	98	20	neutrons	neutron	NNS
31624	98	21	.	.	.
31624	99	1	The	the	DT
31624	99	2	element	element	NN
31624	99	3	has	have	VBZ
31624	99	4	since	since	IN
31624	99	5	been	be	VBN
31624	99	6	found	find	VBN
31624	99	7	in	in	IN
31624	99	8	nature	nature	NN
31624	99	9	as	as	IN
31624	99	10	a	a	DT
31624	99	11	small	small	JJ
31624	99	12	constituent	constituent	NN
31624	99	13	of	of	IN
31624	99	14	the	the	DT
31624	99	15	natural	natural	JJ
31624	99	16	decay	decay	NN
31624	99	17	of	of	IN
31624	99	18	actinium	actinium	NN
31624	99	19	.	.	.
31624	100	1	The	the	DT
31624	100	2	last	last	JJ
31624	100	3	of	of	IN
31624	100	4	the	the	DT
31624	100	5	original	original	JJ
31624	100	6	92	92	CD
31624	100	7	elements	element	NNS
31624	100	8	to	to	TO
31624	100	9	be	be	VB
31624	100	10	discovered	discover	VBN
31624	100	11	was	be	VBD
31624	100	12	element	element	NN
31624	100	13	87	87	CD
31624	100	14	,	,	,
31624	100	15	francium	francium	NN
31624	100	16	.	.	.
31624	101	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
31624	101	2	was	be	VBD
31624	101	3	identified	identify	VBN
31624	101	4	in	in	IN
31624	101	5	1939	1939	CD
31624	101	6	by	by	IN
31624	101	7	French	french	JJ
31624	101	8	scientist	scientist	NN
31624	101	9	Marguerite	Marguerite	NNP
31624	101	10	Perey	Perey	NNP
31624	101	11	.	.	.
31624	102	1	Children	child	NNS
31624	102	2	have	have	VBP
31624	102	3	a	a	DT
31624	102	4	game	game	NN
31624	102	5	in	in	IN
31624	102	6	which	which	WDT
31624	102	7	they	-PRON-	PRP
31624	102	8	pile	pile	VBP
31624	102	9	blocks	block	VBZ
31624	102	10	up	up	RP
31624	102	11	to	to	TO
31624	102	12	see	see	VB
31624	102	13	how	how	WRB
31624	102	14	high	high	RB
31624	102	15	they	-PRON-	PRP
31624	102	16	can	can	MD
31624	102	17	go	go	VB
31624	102	18	before	before	IN
31624	102	19	they	-PRON-	PRP
31624	102	20	topple	topple	VBP
31624	102	21	over	over	RP
31624	102	22	.	.	.
31624	103	1	In	in	IN
31624	103	2	medieval	medieval	JJ
31624	103	3	times	time	NNS
31624	103	4	,	,	,
31624	103	5	petty	petty	JJ
31624	103	6	rulers	ruler	NNS
31624	103	7	in	in	IN
31624	103	8	their	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	103	9	Italian	italian	JJ
31624	103	10	states	state	NNS
31624	103	11	vied	vie	VBN
31624	103	12	with	with	IN
31624	103	13	one	one	CD
31624	103	14	another	another	DT
31624	103	15	to	to	TO
31624	103	16	see	see	VB
31624	103	17	who	who	WP
31624	103	18	could	could	MD
31624	103	19	build	build	VB
31624	103	20	the	the	DT
31624	103	21	tallest	tall	JJS
31624	103	22	tower	tower	NN
31624	103	23	.	.	.
31624	104	1	Some	some	DT
31624	104	2	beautiful	beautiful	JJ
31624	104	3	results	result	NNS
31624	104	4	of	of	IN
31624	104	5	this	this	DT
31624	104	6	game	game	NN
31624	104	7	still	still	RB
31624	104	8	remain	remain	VBP
31624	104	9	in	in	IN
31624	104	10	Florence	Florence	NNP
31624	104	11	,	,	,
31624	104	12	Siena	Siena	NNP
31624	104	13	,	,	,
31624	104	14	and	and	CC
31624	104	15	other	other	JJ
31624	104	16	Italian	italian	JJ
31624	104	17	hill	hill	NN
31624	104	18	cities	city	NNS
31624	104	19	.	.	.
31624	105	1	Currently	currently	RB
31624	105	2	,	,	,
31624	105	3	Americans	Americans	NNPS
31624	105	4	vie	vie	NNP
31624	105	5	in	in	IN
31624	105	6	a	a	DT
31624	105	7	similar	similar	JJ
31624	105	8	way	way	NN
31624	105	9	with	with	IN
31624	105	10	the	the	DT
31624	105	11	wheelbase	wheelbase	NN
31624	105	12	and	and	CC
31624	105	13	overall	overall	JJ
31624	105	14	length	length	NN
31624	105	15	of	of	IN
31624	105	16	their	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	105	17	cars	car	NNS
31624	105	18	.	.	.
31624	106	1	After	after	IN
31624	106	2	1934	1934	CD
31624	106	3	,	,	,
31624	106	4	the	the	DT
31624	106	5	game	game	NN
31624	106	6	among	among	IN
31624	106	7	scientists	scientist	NNS
31624	106	8	took	take	VBD
31624	106	9	the	the	DT
31624	106	10	form	form	NN
31624	106	11	of	of	IN
31624	106	12	seeing	see	VBG
31624	106	13	who	who	WP
31624	106	14	could	could	MD
31624	106	15	extend	extend	VB
31624	106	16	the	the	DT
31624	106	17	length	length	NN
31624	106	18	of	of	IN
31624	106	19	the	the	DT
31624	106	20	periodic	periodic	JJ
31624	106	21	system	system	NN
31624	106	22	of	of	IN
31624	106	23	the	the	DT
31624	106	24	elements	element	NNS
31624	106	25	;	;	:
31624	106	26	as	as	IN
31624	106	27	with	with	IN
31624	106	28	medieval	medieval	JJ
31624	106	29	towers	tower	NNS
31624	106	30	,	,	,
31624	106	31	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	106	32	was	be	VBD
31624	106	33	Italy	Italy	NNP
31624	106	34	that	that	WDT
31624	106	35	again	again	RB
31624	106	36	began	begin	VBD
31624	106	37	with	with	IN
31624	106	38	the	the	DT
31624	106	39	most	most	JJS
31624	106	40	enthusiasm	enthusiasm	NN
31624	106	41	and	and	CC
31624	106	42	activity	activity	NN
31624	106	43	under	under	IN
31624	106	44	the	the	DT
31624	106	45	leadership	leadership	NN
31624	106	46	of	of	IN
31624	106	47	Enrico	Enrico	NNP
31624	106	48	Fermi	Fermi	NNP
31624	106	49	.	.	.
31624	107	1	Merely	merely	RB
31624	107	2	adding	add	VBG
31624	107	3	neutrons	neutron	NNS
31624	107	4	would	would	MD
31624	107	5	not	not	RB
31624	107	6	be	be	VB
31624	107	7	enough	enough	JJ
31624	107	8	;	;	:
31624	107	9	that	that	DT
31624	107	10	would	would	MD
31624	107	11	make	make	VB
31624	107	12	only	only	RB
31624	107	13	a	a	DT
31624	107	14	heavier	heavy	JJR
31624	107	15	isotope	isotope	NN
31624	107	16	of	of	IN
31624	107	17	the	the	DT
31624	107	18	already	already	RB
31624	107	19	known	know	VBN
31624	107	20	heaviest	heavy	JJS
31624	107	21	elements	element	NNS
31624	107	22	,	,	,
31624	107	23	uranium	uranium	NN
31624	107	24	.	.	.
31624	108	1	However	however	RB
31624	108	2	,	,	,
31624	108	3	if	if	IN
31624	108	4	the	the	DT
31624	108	5	incoming	incoming	JJ
31624	108	6	neutron	neutron	NN
31624	108	7	caused	cause	VBD
31624	108	8	some	some	DT
31624	108	9	rearrangement	rearrangement	NN
31624	108	10	within	within	IN
31624	108	11	the	the	DT
31624	108	12	nucleus	nucleus	NN
31624	108	13	and	and	CC
31624	108	14	if	if	IN
31624	108	15	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	108	16	were	be	VBD
31624	108	17	accompanied	accompany	VBN
31624	108	18	by	by	IN
31624	108	19	expulsion	expulsion	NN
31624	108	20	of	of	IN
31624	108	21	electrons	electron	NNS
31624	108	22	,	,	,
31624	108	23	that	that	IN
31624	108	24	_	_	NNP
31624	108	25	would	would	MD
31624	108	26	_	_	NNP
31624	108	27	make	make	VB
31624	108	28	a	a	DT
31624	108	29	new	new	JJ
31624	108	30	element	element	NN
31624	108	31	.	.	.
31624	109	1	Trials	trial	NNS
31624	109	2	by	by	IN
31624	109	3	Fermi	Fermi	NNP
31624	109	4	and	and	CC
31624	109	5	his	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	109	6	co	co	NNS
31624	109	7	-	-	NNS
31624	109	8	workers	worker	NNS
31624	109	9	with	with	IN
31624	109	10	various	various	JJ
31624	109	11	elements	element	NNS
31624	109	12	led	lead	VBN
31624	109	13	to	to	IN
31624	109	14	unmistakeable	unmistakeable	JJ
31624	109	15	evidence	evidence	NN
31624	109	16	of	of	IN
31624	109	17	the	the	DT
31624	109	18	expulsion	expulsion	NN
31624	109	19	of	of	IN
31624	109	20	electrons	electron	NNS
31624	109	21	(	(	-LRB-
31624	109	22	beta	beta	NN
31624	109	23	activity	activity	NN
31624	109	24	)	)	-RRB-
31624	109	25	with	with	IN
31624	109	26	at	at	RB
31624	109	27	least	least	JJS
31624	109	28	four	four	CD
31624	109	29	different	different	JJ
31624	109	30	rates	rate	NNS
31624	109	31	of	of	IN
31624	109	32	decay	decay	NN
31624	109	33	(	(	-LRB-
31624	109	34	half	half	JJ
31624	109	35	-	-	HYPH
31624	109	36	lives	life	NNS
31624	109	37	)	)	-RRB-
31624	109	38	.	.	.
31624	110	1	Claims	claim	NNS
31624	110	2	were	be	VBD
31624	110	3	advanced	advance	VBN
31624	110	4	for	for	IN
31624	110	5	the	the	DT
31624	110	6	creation	creation	NN
31624	110	7	of	of	IN
31624	110	8	elements	element	NNS
31624	110	9	93	93	CD
31624	110	10	and	and	CC
31624	110	11	94	94	CD
31624	110	12	and	and	CC
31624	110	13	possibly	possibly	RB
31624	110	14	further	further	RB
31624	110	15	(	(	-LRB-
31624	110	16	the	the	DT
31624	110	17	transuranium	transuranium	NN
31624	110	18	elements	element	NNS
31624	110	19	,	,	,
31624	110	20	Table	table	NN
31624	110	21	I	I	NNP
31624	110	22	)	)	-RRB-
31624	110	23	.	.	.
31624	111	1	Much	much	JJ
31624	111	2	difficulty	difficulty	NN
31624	111	3	was	be	VBD
31624	111	4	experienced	experience	VBN
31624	111	5	,	,	,
31624	111	6	however	however	RB
31624	111	7	,	,	,
31624	111	8	in	in	IN
31624	111	9	proving	prove	VBG
31624	111	10	that	that	IN
31624	111	11	the	the	DT
31624	111	12	activity	activity	NN
31624	111	13	really	really	RB
31624	111	14	was	be	VBD
31624	111	15	due	due	JJ
31624	111	16	to	to	IN
31624	111	17	the	the	DT
31624	111	18	formation	formation	NN
31624	111	19	of	of	IN
31624	111	20	elements	element	NNS
31624	111	21	93	93	CD
31624	111	22	and	and	CC
31624	111	23	94	94	CD
31624	111	24	.	.	.
31624	112	1	As	as	IN
31624	112	2	more	more	JJR
31624	112	3	people	people	NNS
31624	112	4	became	become	VBD
31624	112	5	interested	interested	JJ
31624	112	6	and	and	CC
31624	112	7	extended	extend	VBD
31624	112	8	the	the	DT
31624	112	9	scope	scope	NN
31624	112	10	of	of	IN
31624	112	11	the	the	DT
31624	112	12	experiments	experiment	NNS
31624	112	13	,	,	,
31624	112	14	the	the	DT
31624	112	15	picture	picture	NN
31624	112	16	became	become	VBD
31624	112	17	more	more	RBR
31624	112	18	confused	confused	JJ
31624	112	19	rather	rather	RB
31624	112	20	than	than	IN
31624	112	21	clarified	clarify	VBN
31624	112	22	.	.	.
31624	113	1	Careful	careful	JJ
31624	113	2	studies	study	NNS
31624	113	3	soon	soon	RB
31624	113	4	showed	show	VBD
31624	113	5	that	that	IN
31624	113	6	the	the	DT
31624	113	7	activities	activity	NNS
31624	113	8	did	do	VBD
31624	113	9	_	_	NNP
31624	113	10	not	not	RB
31624	113	11	_	_	NNP
31624	113	12	decay	decay	NN
31624	113	13	logarithmically	logarithmically	RB
31624	113	14	--	--	:
31624	113	15	which	which	WDT
31624	113	16	means	mean	VBZ
31624	113	17	that	that	IN
31624	113	18	they	-PRON-	PRP
31624	113	19	were	be	VBD
31624	113	20	caused	cause	VBN
31624	113	21	by	by	IN
31624	113	22	mixtures	mixture	NNS
31624	113	23	,	,	,
31624	113	24	not	not	RB
31624	113	25	individual	individual	JJ
31624	113	26	pure	pure	JJ
31624	113	27	substances	substance	NNS
31624	113	28	--	--	:
31624	113	29	and	and	CC
31624	113	30	the	the	DT
31624	113	31	original	original	JJ
31624	113	32	four	four	CD
31624	113	33	activities	activity	NNS
31624	113	34	reported	report	VBN
31624	113	35	by	by	IN
31624	113	36	Fermi	Fermi	NNP
31624	113	37	grew	grow	VBD
31624	113	38	to	to	IN
31624	113	39	at	at	RB
31624	113	40	least	least	RBS
31624	113	41	nine	nine	CD
31624	113	42	.	.	.
31624	114	1	As	as	IN
31624	114	2	a	a	DT
31624	114	3	matter	matter	NN
31624	114	4	of	of	IN
31624	114	5	fact	fact	NN
31624	114	6	,	,	,
31624	114	7	the	the	DT
31624	114	8	way	way	NN
31624	114	9	out	out	IN
31624	114	10	of	of	IN
31624	114	11	the	the	DT
31624	114	12	difficulty	difficulty	NN
31624	114	13	had	have	VBD
31624	114	14	been	be	VBN
31624	114	15	indicated	indicate	VBN
31624	114	16	soon	soon	RB
31624	114	17	after	after	IN
31624	114	18	Fermi	Fermi	NNP
31624	114	19	's	's	POS
31624	114	20	original	original	JJ
31624	114	21	announcement	announcement	NN
31624	114	22	.	.	.
31624	115	1	Dr.	Dr.	NNP
31624	115	2	Ida	Ida	NNP
31624	115	3	Noddack	Noddack	NNP
31624	115	4	pointed	point	VBD
31624	115	5	out	out	RP
31624	115	6	that	that	IN
31624	115	7	no	no	DT
31624	115	8	one	one	NN
31624	115	9	had	have	VBD
31624	115	10	searched	search	VBN
31624	115	11	among	among	IN
31624	115	12	the	the	DT
31624	115	13	products	product	NNS
31624	115	14	of	of	IN
31624	115	15	Fermi	Fermi	NNP
31624	115	16	's	's	POS
31624	115	17	experiment	experiment	NN
31624	115	18	for	for	IN
31624	115	19	elements	element	NNS
31624	115	20	_	_	NNP
31624	115	21	lighter	light	JJR
31624	115	22	_	_	NNP
31624	115	23	than	than	IN
31624	115	24	lead	lead	NN
31624	115	25	,	,	,
31624	115	26	but	but	CC
31624	115	27	no	no	DT
31624	115	28	one	one	NN
31624	115	29	paid	pay	VBD
31624	115	30	any	any	DT
31624	115	31	attention	attention	NN
31624	115	32	to	to	IN
31624	115	33	her	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	115	34	suggestion	suggestion	NN
31624	115	35	at	at	IN
31624	115	36	the	the	DT
31624	115	37	time	time	NN
31624	115	38	.	.	.
31624	116	1	The	the	DT
31624	116	2	matter	matter	NN
31624	116	3	was	be	VBD
31624	116	4	finally	finally	RB
31624	116	5	cleared	clear	VBN
31624	116	6	up	up	RP
31624	116	7	by	by	IN
31624	116	8	Dr.	Dr.	NNP
31624	116	9	Otto	Otto	NNP
31624	116	10	Hahn	Hahn	NNP
31624	116	11	and	and	CC
31624	116	12	F.	F.	NNP
31624	116	13	Strassmann	Strassmann	NNP
31624	116	14	.	.	.
31624	117	1	They	-PRON-	PRP
31624	117	2	were	be	VBD
31624	117	3	able	able	JJ
31624	117	4	to	to	TO
31624	117	5	show	show	VB
31624	117	6	that	that	IN
31624	117	7	instead	instead	RB
31624	117	8	of	of	IN
31624	117	9	uranium	uranium	NN
31624	117	10	having	have	VBG
31624	117	11	small	small	JJ
31624	117	12	pieces	piece	NNS
31624	117	13	like	like	IN
31624	117	14	helium	helium	NN
31624	117	15	nuclei	nucleus	NNS
31624	117	16	,	,	,
31624	117	17	fast	fast	JJ
31624	117	18	electrons	electron	NNS
31624	117	19	,	,	,
31624	117	20	and	and	CC
31624	117	21	super	super	RB
31624	117	22	-	-	JJ
31624	117	23	hard	hard	JJ
31624	117	24	x	x	NNS
31624	117	25	-	-	NNS
31624	117	26	rays	ray	NNS
31624	117	27	,	,	,
31624	117	28	knocked	knock	VBD
31624	117	29	off	off	RP
31624	117	30	as	as	IN
31624	117	31	expected	expect	VBN
31624	117	32	,	,	,
31624	117	33	the	the	DT
31624	117	34	atom	atom	NN
31624	117	35	had	have	VBD
31624	117	36	split	split	VBN
31624	117	37	into	into	IN
31624	117	38	two	two	CD
31624	117	39	roughly	roughly	RB
31624	117	40	equal	equal	JJ
31624	117	41	pieces	piece	NNS
31624	117	42	,	,	,
31624	117	43	together	together	RB
31624	117	44	with	with	IN
31624	117	45	some	some	DT
31624	117	46	excess	excess	JJ
31624	117	47	neutrons	neutron	NNS
31624	117	48	.	.	.
31624	118	1	This	this	DT
31624	118	2	process	process	NN
31624	118	3	is	be	VBZ
31624	118	4	called	call	VBN
31624	118	5	nuclear	nuclear	JJ
31624	118	6	fission	fission	NN
31624	118	7	.	.	.
31624	119	1	The	the	DT
31624	119	2	two	two	CD
31624	119	3	large	large	JJ
31624	119	4	pieces	piece	NNS
31624	119	5	were	be	VBD
31624	119	6	unstable	unstable	JJ
31624	119	7	and	and	CC
31624	119	8	decayed	decay	VBN
31624	119	9	further	further	RB
31624	119	10	with	with	IN
31624	119	11	the	the	DT
31624	119	12	loss	loss	NN
31624	119	13	of	of	IN
31624	119	14	electrons	electron	NNS
31624	119	15	,	,	,
31624	119	16	hence	hence	RB
31624	119	17	the	the	DT
31624	119	18	[	[	-LRB-
31624	119	19	beta	beta	NN
31624	119	20	]	]	-RRB-
31624	119	21	activity	activity	NN
31624	119	22	.	.	.
31624	120	1	This	this	DT
31624	120	2	process	process	NN
31624	120	3	is	be	VBZ
31624	120	4	so	so	RB
31624	120	5	complicated	complicated	JJ
31624	120	6	that	that	IN
31624	120	7	there	there	EX
31624	120	8	are	be	VBP
31624	120	9	not	not	RB
31624	120	10	,	,	,
31624	120	11	as	as	RB
31624	120	12	originally	originally	RB
31624	120	13	reported	report	VBN
31624	120	14	,	,	,
31624	120	15	only	only	RB
31624	120	16	four	four	CD
31624	120	17	half	half	NN
31624	120	18	-	-	HYPH
31624	120	19	lives	life	NNS
31624	120	20	,	,	,
31624	120	21	but	but	CC
31624	120	22	at	at	RB
31624	120	23	least	least	JJS
31624	120	24	200	200	CD
31624	120	25	different	different	JJ
31624	120	26	varieties	variety	NNS
31624	120	27	of	of	IN
31624	120	28	at	at	RB
31624	120	29	least	least	RBS
31624	120	30	35	35	CD
31624	120	31	different	different	JJ
31624	120	32	elements	element	NNS
31624	120	33	.	.	.
31624	121	1	The	the	DT
31624	121	2	discovery	discovery	NN
31624	121	3	of	of	IN
31624	121	4	fission	fission	NN
31624	121	5	attended	attend	VBN
31624	121	6	by	by	IN
31624	121	7	the	the	DT
31624	121	8	release	release	NN
31624	121	9	of	of	IN
31624	121	10	enormous	enormous	JJ
31624	121	11	amounts	amount	NNS
31624	121	12	of	of	IN
31624	121	13	energy	energy	NN
31624	121	14	led	lead	VBN
31624	121	15	to	to	IN
31624	121	16	feverish	feverish	JJ
31624	121	17	activity	activity	NN
31624	121	18	on	on	IN
31624	121	19	the	the	DT
31624	121	20	part	part	NN
31624	121	21	of	of	IN
31624	121	22	physicists	physicist	NNS
31624	121	23	and	and	CC
31624	121	24	chemists	chemist	NNS
31624	121	25	everywhere	everywhere	RB
31624	121	26	in	in	IN
31624	121	27	the	the	DT
31624	121	28	world	world	NN
31624	121	29	.	.	.
31624	122	1	In	in	IN
31624	122	2	June	June	NNP
31624	122	3	1940	1940	CD
31624	122	4	,	,	,
31624	122	5	McMillan	McMillan	NNP
31624	122	6	and	and	CC
31624	122	7	Abelson	Abelson	NNP
31624	122	8	presented	present	VBD
31624	122	9	definite	definite	JJ
31624	122	10	proof	proof	NN
31624	122	11	that	that	DT
31624	122	12	element	element	NN
31624	122	13	93	93	CD
31624	122	14	had	have	VBD
31624	122	15	been	be	VBN
31624	122	16	found	find	VBN
31624	122	17	in	in	IN
31624	122	18	uranium	uranium	NN
31624	122	19	penetrated	penetrate	VBN
31624	122	20	by	by	IN
31624	122	21	neutrons	neutron	NNS
31624	122	22	during	during	IN
31624	122	23	deuteron	deuteron	NNP
31624	122	24	bombardment	bombardment	NN
31624	122	25	in	in	IN
31624	122	26	the	the	DT
31624	122	27	cyclotron	cyclotron	NN
31624	122	28	at	at	IN
31624	122	29	the	the	DT
31624	122	30	University	University	NNP
31624	122	31	of	of	IN
31624	122	32	California	California	NNP
31624	122	33	Radiation	Radiation	NNP
31624	122	34	Laboratory	Laboratory	NNP
31624	122	35	.	.	.
31624	123	1	The	the	DT
31624	123	2	California	California	NNP
31624	123	3	scientists	scientist	NNS
31624	123	4	called	call	VBD
31624	123	5	the	the	DT
31624	123	6	newly	newly	RB
31624	123	7	discovered	discover	VBN
31624	123	8	element	element	NN
31624	123	9	neptunium	neptunium	NN
31624	123	10	,	,	,
31624	123	11	because	because	IN
31624	123	12	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	123	13	lies	lie	VBZ
31624	123	14	beyond	beyond	IN
31624	123	15	the	the	DT
31624	123	16	element	element	NN
31624	123	17	uranium	uranium	NN
31624	123	18	just	just	RB
31624	123	19	as	as	IN
31624	123	20	the	the	DT
31624	123	21	planet	planet	NN
31624	123	22	Neptune	Neptune	NNP
31624	123	23	lies	lie	VBZ
31624	123	24	beyond	beyond	IN
31624	123	25	Uranus	uranus	NN
31624	123	26	.	.	.
31624	124	1	The	the	DT
31624	124	2	particular	particular	JJ
31624	124	3	isotope	isotope	NN
31624	124	4	formed	form	VBN
31624	124	5	in	in	IN
31624	124	6	those	those	DT
31624	124	7	first	first	JJ
31624	124	8	experiments	experiment	NNS
31624	124	9	was	be	VBD
31624	124	10	{	{	-LRB-
31624	124	11	93}Np<239	93}np<239	CD
31624	124	12	>	>	XX
31624	124	13	;	;	:
31624	124	14	this	this	DT
31624	124	15	is	be	VBZ
31624	124	16	read	read	VBN
31624	124	17	neptunium	neptunium	NN
31624	124	18	having	have	VBG
31624	124	19	a	a	DT
31624	124	20	nuclear	nuclear	JJ
31624	124	21	charge	charge	NN
31624	124	22	of	of	IN
31624	124	23	93	93	CD
31624	124	24	and	and	CC
31624	124	25	an	an	DT
31624	124	26	atomic	atomic	JJ
31624	124	27	mass	mass	NN
31624	124	28	number	number	NN
31624	124	29	of	of	IN
31624	124	30	239	239	CD
31624	124	31	.	.	.
31624	125	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
31624	125	2	has	have	VBZ
31624	125	3	a	a	DT
31624	125	4	half	half	JJ
31624	125	5	-	-	HYPH
31624	125	6	life	life	NN
31624	125	7	of	of	IN
31624	125	8	2.3	2.3	CD
31624	125	9	days	day	NNS
31624	125	10	,	,	,
31624	125	11	during	during	IN
31624	125	12	which	which	WDT
31624	125	13	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	125	14	gives	give	VBZ
31624	125	15	up	up	RP
31624	125	16	another	another	DT
31624	125	17	electron	electron	NN
31624	125	18	(	(	-LRB-
31624	125	19	[	[	-LRB-
31624	125	20	beta	beta	NN
31624	125	21	]	]	-RRB-
31624	125	22	particle	particle	NN
31624	125	23	)	)	-RRB-
31624	125	24	and	and	CC
31624	125	25	becomes	become	VBZ
31624	125	26	element	element	NN
31624	125	27	94	94	CD
31624	125	28	,	,	,
31624	125	29	or	or	CC
31624	125	30	plutonium	plutonium	NN
31624	125	31	(	(	-LRB-
31624	125	32	so	so	RB
31624	125	33	called	call	VBN
31624	125	34	after	after	IN
31624	125	35	Pluto	Pluto	NNP
31624	125	36	,	,	,
31624	125	37	the	the	DT
31624	125	38	next	next	JJ
31624	125	39	planet	planet	NN
31624	125	40	beyond	beyond	IN
31624	125	41	Neptune	Neptune	NNP
31624	125	42	)	)	-RRB-
31624	125	43	.	.	.
31624	126	1	This	this	DT
31624	126	2	particular	particular	JJ
31624	126	3	form	form	NN
31624	126	4	of	of	IN
31624	126	5	plutonium	plutonium	NN
31624	126	6	(	(	-LRB-
31624	126	7	{	{	-LRB-
31624	126	8	94}Pu<239	94}pu<239	CD
31624	126	9	>	>	XX
31624	126	10	)	)	-RRB-
31624	126	11	has	have	VBZ
31624	126	12	such	such	PDT
31624	126	13	a	a	DT
31624	126	14	long	long	JJ
31624	126	15	half	half	JJ
31624	126	16	-	-	HYPH
31624	126	17	life	life	NN
31624	126	18	(	(	-LRB-
31624	126	19	24,000	24,000	CD
31624	126	20	years	year	NNS
31624	126	21	)	)	-RRB-
31624	126	22	that	that	IN
31624	126	23	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	126	24	could	could	MD
31624	126	25	not	not	RB
31624	126	26	be	be	VB
31624	126	27	detected	detect	VBN
31624	126	28	.	.	.
31624	127	1	The	the	DT
31624	127	2	first	first	JJ
31624	127	3	isotope	isotope	NN
31624	127	4	of	of	IN
31624	127	5	element	element	NN
31624	127	6	94	94	CD
31624	127	7	to	to	TO
31624	127	8	be	be	VB
31624	127	9	discovered	discover	VBN
31624	127	10	was	be	VBD
31624	127	11	Pu<238	pu<238	RB
31624	127	12	>	>	XX
31624	127	13	,	,	,
31624	127	14	made	make	VBN
31624	127	15	by	by	IN
31624	127	16	direct	direct	JJ
31624	127	17	deuteron	deuteron	NNP
31624	127	18	bombardment	bombardment	NN
31624	127	19	in	in	IN
31624	127	20	the	the	DT
31624	127	21	Berkeley	Berkeley	NNP
31624	127	22	60-inch	60-inch	CD
31624	127	23	cyclotron	cyclotron	NN
31624	127	24	by	by	IN
31624	127	25	Radiation	Radiation	NNP
31624	127	26	Laboratory	Laboratory	NNP
31624	127	27	scientists	scientist	NNS
31624	127	28	Seaborg	Seaborg	NNP
31624	127	29	,	,	,
31624	127	30	McMillan	McMillan	NNP
31624	127	31	,	,	,
31624	127	32	Kennedy	Kennedy	NNP
31624	127	33	,	,	,
31624	127	34	and	and	CC
31624	127	35	Wahl	Wahl	NNPS
31624	127	36	;	;	:
31624	127	37	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	127	38	had	have	VBD
31624	127	39	an	an	DT
31624	127	40	[	[	-LRB-
31624	127	41	alpha]-decay	alpha]-decay	JJ
31624	127	42	half	half	JJ
31624	127	43	-	-	HYPH
31624	127	44	life	life	NN
31624	127	45	of	of	IN
31624	127	46	86.4	86.4	CD
31624	127	47	years	year	NNS
31624	127	48	,	,	,
31624	127	49	which	which	WDT
31624	127	50	gave	give	VBD
31624	127	51	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	127	52	sufficient	sufficient	JJ
31624	127	53	radioactivity	radioactivity	NN
31624	127	54	so	so	IN
31624	127	55	that	that	IN
31624	127	56	its	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	127	57	chemistry	chemistry	NN
31624	127	58	could	could	MD
31624	127	59	be	be	VB
31624	127	60	studied	study	VBN
31624	127	61	.	.	.
31624	128	1	Having	have	VBG
31624	128	2	found	find	VBN
31624	128	3	these	these	DT
31624	128	4	chemical	chemical	NN
31624	128	5	properties	property	NNS
31624	128	6	in	in	IN
31624	128	7	Pu<238	pu<238	JJ
31624	128	8	>	>	NN
31624	128	9	,	,	,
31624	128	10	experimenters	experimenter	NNS
31624	128	11	knew	know	VBD
31624	128	12	{	{	-LRB-
31624	128	13	94}Pu<239	94}pu<239	CD
31624	128	14	>	>	XX
31624	128	15	would	would	MD
31624	128	16	behave	behave	VB
31624	128	17	similarly	similarly	RB
31624	128	18	.	.	.
31624	129	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
31624	129	2	was	be	VBD
31624	129	3	soon	soon	RB
31624	129	4	shown	show	VBN
31624	129	5	that	that	IN
31624	129	6	the	the	DT
31624	129	7	nucleus	nucleus	NN
31624	129	8	of	of	IN
31624	129	9	{	{	-LRB-
31624	129	10	94}Pu<239	94}pu<239	CD
31624	129	11	>	>	XX
31624	129	12	would	would	MD
31624	129	13	undergo	undergo	VB
31624	129	14	fission	fission	NN
31624	129	15	in	in	IN
31624	129	16	the	the	DT
31624	129	17	same	same	JJ
31624	129	18	way	way	NN
31624	129	19	as	as	IN
31624	129	20	{	{	-LRB-
31624	129	21	92}U<235	92}u<235	CD
31624	129	22	>	>	XX
31624	129	23	when	when	WRB
31624	129	24	bombarded	bombard	VBN
31624	129	25	with	with	IN
31624	129	26	slow	slow	JJ
31624	129	27	neutrons	neutron	NNS
31624	129	28	and	and	CC
31624	129	29	that	that	IN
31624	129	30	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	129	31	could	could	MD
31624	129	32	be	be	VB
31624	129	33	produced	produce	VBN
31624	129	34	in	in	IN
31624	129	35	the	the	DT
31624	129	36	newly	newly	RB
31624	129	37	assembled	assemble	VBN
31624	129	38	atomic	atomic	JJ
31624	129	39	pile	pile	NN
31624	129	40	.	.	.
31624	130	1	Researchers	researcher	NNS
31624	130	2	wished	wish	VBD
31624	130	3	to	to	TO
31624	130	4	learn	learn	VB
31624	130	5	as	as	RB
31624	130	6	much	much	JJ
31624	130	7	as	as	IN
31624	130	8	possible	possible	JJ
31624	130	9	about	about	IN
31624	130	10	its	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	130	11	chemistry	chemistry	NN
31624	130	12	;	;	:
31624	130	13	therefore	therefore	RB
31624	130	14	,	,	,
31624	130	15	during	during	IN
31624	130	16	the	the	DT
31624	130	17	summer	summer	NN
31624	130	18	of	of	IN
31624	130	19	1942	1942	CD
31624	130	20	two	two	CD
31624	130	21	large	large	JJ
31624	130	22	cyclotrons	cyclotron	NNS
31624	130	23	at	at	IN
31624	130	24	St.	St.	NNP
31624	130	25	Louis	Louis	NNP
31624	130	26	and	and	CC
31624	130	27	Berkeley	Berkeley	NNP
31624	130	28	bombarded	bombard	VBD
31624	130	29	hundreds	hundred	NNS
31624	130	30	of	of	IN
31624	130	31	pounds	pound	NNS
31624	130	32	of	of	IN
31624	130	33	uranium	uranium	NN
31624	130	34	almost	almost	RB
31624	130	35	continuously	continuously	RB
31624	130	36	.	.	.
31624	131	1	This	this	DT
31624	131	2	resulted	result	VBD
31624	131	3	in	in	IN
31624	131	4	the	the	DT
31624	131	5	formation	formation	NN
31624	131	6	of	of	IN
31624	131	7	200	200	CD
31624	131	8	micrograms	microgram	NNS
31624	131	9	of	of	IN
31624	131	10	plutonium	plutonium	NN
31624	131	11	.	.	.
31624	132	1	From	from	IN
31624	132	2	this	this	DT
31624	132	3	small	small	JJ
31624	132	4	amount	amount	NN
31624	132	5	,	,	,
31624	132	6	enough	enough	JJ
31624	132	7	of	of	IN
31624	132	8	the	the	DT
31624	132	9	chemical	chemical	JJ
31624	132	10	properties	property	NNS
31624	132	11	of	of	IN
31624	132	12	the	the	DT
31624	132	13	element	element	NN
31624	132	14	were	be	VBD
31624	132	15	learned	learn	VBN
31624	132	16	to	to	TO
31624	132	17	permit	permit	VB
31624	132	18	correct	correct	JJ
31624	132	19	design	design	NN
31624	132	20	of	of	IN
31624	132	21	the	the	DT
31624	132	22	huge	huge	JJ
31624	132	23	plutonium	plutonium	NN
31624	132	24	-	-	HYPH
31624	132	25	recovery	recovery	NN
31624	132	26	plant	plant	NN
31624	132	27	at	at	IN
31624	132	28	Hanford	Hanford	NNP
31624	132	29	,	,	,
31624	132	30	Washington	Washington	NNP
31624	132	31	.	.	.
31624	133	1	In	in	IN
31624	133	2	the	the	DT
31624	133	3	course	course	NN
31624	133	4	of	of	IN
31624	133	5	these	these	DT
31624	133	6	investigations	investigation	NNS
31624	133	7	,	,	,
31624	133	8	balances	balance	NNS
31624	133	9	that	that	WDT
31624	133	10	would	would	MD
31624	133	11	weigh	weigh	VB
31624	133	12	up	up	RP
31624	133	13	to	to	IN
31624	133	14	10.5	10.5	CD
31624	133	15	mg	mg	NNP
31624	133	16	with	with	IN
31624	133	17	a	a	DT
31624	133	18	sensitivity	sensitivity	NN
31624	133	19	of	of	IN
31624	133	20	0.02	0.02	CD
31624	133	21	microgram	microgram	NN
31624	133	22	were	be	VBD
31624	133	23	developed	develop	VBN
31624	133	24	.	.	.
31624	134	1	The	the	DT
31624	134	2	"	"	``
31624	134	3	test	test	NN
31624	134	4	tubes	tube	NNS
31624	134	5	"	"	''
31624	134	6	and	and	CC
31624	134	7	"	"	``
31624	134	8	beakers	beaker	NNS
31624	134	9	"	"	''
31624	134	10	used	use	VBN
31624	134	11	had	have	VBD
31624	134	12	internal	internal	JJ
31624	134	13	diameters	diameter	NNS
31624	134	14	of	of	IN
31624	134	15	0.1	0.1	CD
31624	134	16	to	to	IN
31624	134	17	1	1	CD
31624	134	18	mm	mm	NNS
31624	134	19	and	and	CC
31624	134	20	could	could	MD
31624	134	21	measure	measure	VB
31624	134	22	volumes	volume	NNS
31624	134	23	of	of	IN
31624	134	24	1/10	1/10	CD
31624	134	25	to	to	TO
31624	134	26	1/10,000	1/10,000	CD
31624	134	27	ml	ml	NN
31624	134	28	with	with	IN
31624	134	29	an	an	DT
31624	134	30	accuracy	accuracy	NN
31624	134	31	of	of	IN
31624	134	32	1	1	CD
31624	134	33	%	%	NN
31624	134	34	.	.	.
31624	135	1	The	the	DT
31624	135	2	fact	fact	NN
31624	135	3	that	that	IN
31624	135	4	there	there	EX
31624	135	5	was	be	VBD
31624	135	6	no	no	DT
31624	135	7	intermediate	intermediate	JJ
31624	135	8	stage	stage	NN
31624	135	9	of	of	IN
31624	135	10	experimentation	experimentation	NN
31624	135	11	,	,	,
31624	135	12	but	but	CC
31624	135	13	a	a	DT
31624	135	14	direct	direct	JJ
31624	135	15	scale	scale	NN
31624	135	16	-	-	HYPH
31624	135	17	up	up	NN
31624	135	18	at	at	IN
31624	135	19	Hanford	Hanford	NNP
31624	135	20	of	of	IN
31624	135	21	ten	ten	CD
31624	135	22	billion	billion	CD
31624	135	23	times	time	NNS
31624	135	24	,	,	,
31624	135	25	required	require	VBN
31624	135	26	truly	truly	RB
31624	135	27	heroic	heroic	JJ
31624	135	28	skill	skill	NN
31624	135	29	and	and	CC
31624	135	30	courage	courage	NN
31624	135	31	.	.	.
31624	136	1	By	by	IN
31624	136	2	1944	1944	CD
31624	136	3	sufficient	sufficient	JJ
31624	136	4	plutonium	plutonium	NN
31624	136	5	was	be	VBD
31624	136	6	available	available	JJ
31624	136	7	from	from	IN
31624	136	8	uranium	uranium	NN
31624	136	9	piles	pile	NNS
31624	136	10	(	(	-LRB-
31624	136	11	reactors	reactor	NNS
31624	136	12	)	)	-RRB-
31624	136	13	so	so	IN
31624	136	14	that	that	IN
31624	136	15	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	136	16	was	be	VBD
31624	136	17	available	available	JJ
31624	136	18	as	as	IN
31624	136	19	target	target	NN
31624	136	20	material	material	NN
31624	136	21	for	for	IN
31624	136	22	cyclotrons	cyclotron	NNS
31624	136	23	.	.	.
31624	137	1	At	at	IN
31624	137	2	Berkeley	Berkeley	NNP
31624	137	3	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	137	4	was	be	VBD
31624	137	5	bombarded	bombard	VBN
31624	137	6	with	with	IN
31624	137	7	32-MeV	32-MeV	NNP
31624	137	8	doubly	doubly	RB
31624	137	9	charged	charge	VBN
31624	137	10	helium	helium	NN
31624	137	11	ions	ion	NNS
31624	137	12	,	,	,
31624	137	13	and	and	CC
31624	137	14	the	the	DT
31624	137	15	following	follow	VBG
31624	137	16	reactions	reaction	NNS
31624	137	17	took	take	VBD
31624	137	18	place	place	NN
31624	137	19	:	:	:
31624	137	20	{	{	-LRB-
31624	137	21	94}Pu<239	94}pu<239	CD
31624	137	22	>	>	XX
31624	137	23	(	(	-LRB-
31624	137	24	[	[	-LRB-
31624	137	25	alpha	alpha	NN
31624	137	26	]	]	-RRB-
31624	137	27	,	,	,
31624	137	28	n	n	JJ
31624	137	29	)	)	-RRB-
31624	137	30	{	{	-LRB-
31624	137	31	96}Cm<242	96}cm<242	CD
31624	137	32	>	>	XX
31624	137	33	[	[	-LRB-
31624	137	34	alpha	alpha	NN
31624	137	35	]	]	-RRB-
31624	137	36	/	/	SYM
31624	137	37	150	150	CD
31624	137	38	days	day	NNS
31624	137	39	--	--	:
31624	137	40	>	>	XX
31624	137	41	{	{	-LRB-
31624	137	42	94}Pu<238	94}pu<238	CD
31624	137	43	>	>	XX
31624	137	44	.	.	.
31624	138	1	This	this	DT
31624	138	2	is	be	VBZ
31624	138	3	to	to	TO
31624	138	4	be	be	VB
31624	138	5	read	read	VBN
31624	138	6	:	:	:
31624	138	7	plutonium	plutonium	NN
31624	138	8	having	have	VBG
31624	138	9	an	an	DT
31624	138	10	atomic	atomic	JJ
31624	138	11	number	number	NN
31624	138	12	of	of	IN
31624	138	13	94	94	CD
31624	138	14	(	(	-LRB-
31624	138	15	94	94	CD
31624	138	16	positively	positively	RB
31624	138	17	charged	charge	VBN
31624	138	18	protons	proton	NNS
31624	138	19	in	in	IN
31624	138	20	the	the	DT
31624	138	21	nucleus	nucleus	NN
31624	138	22	)	)	-RRB-
31624	138	23	and	and	CC
31624	138	24	a	a	DT
31624	138	25	mass	mass	NN
31624	138	26	number	number	NN
31624	138	27	of	of	IN
31624	138	28	239	239	CD
31624	138	29	(	(	-LRB-
31624	138	30	the	the	DT
31624	138	31	whole	whole	JJ
31624	138	32	atom	atom	NN
31624	138	33	weighs	weigh	VBZ
31624	138	34	approximately	approximately	RB
31624	138	35	239	239	CD
31624	138	36	times	time	NNS
31624	138	37	as	as	RB
31624	138	38	much	much	RB
31624	138	39	as	as	IN
31624	138	40	a	a	DT
31624	138	41	proton	proton	NNP
31624	138	42	)	)	-RRB-
31624	138	43	,	,	,
31624	138	44	when	when	WRB
31624	138	45	bombarded	bombard	VBN
31624	138	46	with	with	IN
31624	138	47	alpha	alpha	NN
31624	138	48	particles	particle	NNS
31624	138	49	(	(	-LRB-
31624	138	50	positively	positively	RB
31624	138	51	charged	charge	VBN
31624	138	52	helium	helium	NN
31624	138	53	nuclei	nucleus	NNS
31624	138	54	)	)	-RRB-
31624	138	55	reacts	react	NNS
31624	138	56	to	to	TO
31624	138	57	give	give	VB
31624	138	58	off	off	RP
31624	138	59	a	a	DT
31624	138	60	neutron	neutron	NN
31624	138	61	and	and	CC
31624	138	62	a	a	DT
31624	138	63	new	new	JJ
31624	138	64	element	element	NN
31624	138	65	,	,	,
31624	138	66	curium	curium	NN
31624	138	67	,	,	,
31624	138	68	that	that	WDT
31624	138	69	has	have	VBZ
31624	138	70	atomic	atomic	JJ
31624	138	71	number	number	NN
31624	138	72	96	96	CD
31624	138	73	and	and	CC
31624	138	74	mass	mass	NN
31624	138	75	number	number	NN
31624	138	76	242	242	CD
31624	138	77	.	.	.
31624	139	1	This	this	DT
31624	139	2	gives	give	VBZ
31624	139	3	off	off	RP
31624	139	4	alpha	alpha	NN
31624	139	5	particles	particle	NNS
31624	139	6	at	at	IN
31624	139	7	such	such	PDT
31624	139	8	a	a	DT
31624	139	9	rate	rate	NN
31624	139	10	that	that	IN
31624	139	11	half	half	NN
31624	139	12	of	of	IN
31624	139	13	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	139	14	has	have	VBZ
31624	139	15	decomposed	decompose	VBN
31624	139	16	in	in	IN
31624	139	17	150	150	CD
31624	139	18	days	day	NNS
31624	139	19	,	,	,
31624	139	20	leaving	leave	VBG
31624	139	21	plutonium	plutonium	NN
31624	139	22	with	with	IN
31624	139	23	atomic	atomic	JJ
31624	139	24	number	number	NN
31624	139	25	94	94	CD
31624	139	26	and	and	CC
31624	139	27	mass	mass	NN
31624	139	28	number	number	NN
31624	139	29	238	238	CD
31624	139	30	.	.	.
31624	140	1	The	the	DT
31624	140	2	radiochemical	radiochemical	JJ
31624	140	3	work	work	NN
31624	140	4	leading	lead	VBG
31624	140	5	to	to	IN
31624	140	6	the	the	DT
31624	140	7	isolation	isolation	NN
31624	140	8	and	and	CC
31624	140	9	identification	identification	NN
31624	140	10	of	of	IN
31624	140	11	the	the	DT
31624	140	12	atoms	atom	NNS
31624	140	13	of	of	IN
31624	140	14	element	element	NN
31624	140	15	96	96	CD
31624	140	16	was	be	VBD
31624	140	17	done	do	VBN
31624	140	18	at	at	IN
31624	140	19	the	the	DT
31624	140	20	metallurgical	metallurgical	JJ
31624	140	21	laboratory	laboratory	NN
31624	140	22	of	of	IN
31624	140	23	the	the	DT
31624	140	24	University	University	NNP
31624	140	25	of	of	IN
31624	140	26	Chicago	Chicago	NNP
31624	140	27	.	.	.
31624	141	1	The	the	DT
31624	141	2	intense	intense	JJ
31624	141	3	neutron	neutron	NN
31624	141	4	flux	flux	NN
31624	141	5	available	available	JJ
31624	141	6	in	in	IN
31624	141	7	modern	modern	JJ
31624	141	8	reactors	reactor	NNS
31624	141	9	led	lead	VBN
31624	141	10	to	to	IN
31624	141	11	a	a	DT
31624	141	12	new	new	JJ
31624	141	13	element	element	NN
31624	141	14	,	,	,
31624	141	15	americium	americium	NN
31624	141	16	(	(	-LRB-
31624	141	17	Am	Am	NNP
31624	141	18	)	)	-RRB-
31624	141	19	,	,	,
31624	141	20	as	as	IN
31624	141	21	follows	follow	VBZ
31624	141	22	:	:	:
31624	141	23	{	{	-LRB-
31624	141	24	94}Pu<239	94}pu<239	CD
31624	141	25	>	>	XX
31624	141	26	(	(	-LRB-
31624	141	27	n	n	NN
31624	141	28	,	,	,
31624	141	29	[	[	-LRB-
31624	141	30	gamma	gamma	NN
31624	141	31	]	]	-RRB-
31624	141	32	)	)	-RRB-
31624	141	33	{	{	-LRB-
31624	141	34	94}Pu<240	94}pu<240	CD
31624	141	35	>	>	XX
31624	141	36	(	(	-LRB-
31624	141	37	n	n	NN
31624	141	38	,	,	,
31624	141	39	[	[	-LRB-
31624	141	40	gamma	gamma	NN
31624	141	41	]	]	-RRB-
31624	141	42	)	)	-RRB-
31624	141	43	{	{	-LRB-
31624	141	44	94}Pu<241	94}pu<241	CD
31624	141	45	>	>	XX
31624	141	46	[	[	-LRB-
31624	141	47	beta	beta	NN
31624	141	48	]	]	-RRB-
31624	141	49	--	--	:
31624	141	50	>	>	XX
31624	141	51	{	{	-LRB-
31624	141	52	95}Am<241	95}am<241	CD
31624	141	53	>	>	XX
31624	141	54	.	.	.
31624	142	1	The	the	DT
31624	142	2	notation	notation	NN
31624	142	3	(	(	-LRB-
31624	142	4	n	n	NN
31624	142	5	,	,	,
31624	142	6	[	[	-LRB-
31624	142	7	gamma	gamma	NN
31624	142	8	]	]	-RRB-
31624	142	9	)	)	-RRB-
31624	142	10	means	mean	VBZ
31624	142	11	that	that	IN
31624	142	12	the	the	DT
31624	142	13	plutonium	plutonium	NN
31624	142	14	absorbs	absorb	VBZ
31624	142	15	a	a	DT
31624	142	16	neutron	neutron	NN
31624	142	17	and	and	CC
31624	142	18	gives	give	VBZ
31624	142	19	off	off	RP
31624	142	20	some	some	DT
31624	142	21	energy	energy	NN
31624	142	22	in	in	IN
31624	142	23	the	the	DT
31624	142	24	form	form	NN
31624	142	25	of	of	IN
31624	142	26	gamma	gamma	NN
31624	142	27	rays	ray	NNS
31624	142	28	(	(	-LRB-
31624	142	29	very	very	RB
31624	142	30	hard	hard	RB
31624	142	31	x	x	SYM
31624	142	32	rays	ray	NNS
31624	142	33	)	)	-RRB-
31624	142	34	;	;	:
31624	142	35	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	142	36	first	first	JJ
31624	142	37	forms	form	VBZ
31624	142	38	{	{	-LRB-
31624	142	39	94}Pu<240	94}pu<240	CD
31624	142	40	>	>	XX
31624	142	41	and	and	CC
31624	142	42	then	then	RB
31624	142	43	{	{	-LRB-
31624	142	44	94}Pu<241	94}pu<241	CD
31624	142	45	>	>	XX
31624	142	46	,	,	,
31624	142	47	which	which	WDT
31624	142	48	is	be	VBZ
31624	142	49	unstable	unstable	JJ
31624	142	50	and	and	CC
31624	142	51	gives	give	VBZ
31624	142	52	off	off	RP
31624	142	53	fast	fast	JJ
31624	142	54	electrons	electron	NNS
31624	142	55	(	(	-LRB-
31624	142	56	[	[	-LRB-
31624	142	57	beta	beta	NN
31624	142	58	]	]	-RRB-
31624	142	59	)	)	-RRB-
31624	142	60	,	,	,
31624	142	61	leaving	leave	VBG
31624	142	62	{	{	-LRB-
31624	142	63	95}Am<241	95}am<241	CD
31624	142	64	>	>	XX
31624	142	65	.	.	.
31624	143	1	Berkelium	berkelium	NN
31624	143	2	and	and	CC
31624	143	3	californium	californium	NN
31624	143	4	,	,	,
31624	143	5	elements	element	VBZ
31624	143	6	97	97	CD
31624	143	7	and	and	CC
31624	143	8	98	98	CD
31624	143	9	,	,	,
31624	143	10	were	be	VBD
31624	143	11	produced	produce	VBN
31624	143	12	at	at	IN
31624	143	13	the	the	DT
31624	143	14	University	University	NNP
31624	143	15	of	of	IN
31624	143	16	California	California	NNP
31624	143	17	by	by	IN
31624	143	18	methods	method	NNS
31624	143	19	analogous	analogous	JJ
31624	143	20	to	to	IN
31624	143	21	that	that	DT
31624	143	22	used	use	VBN
31624	143	23	for	for	IN
31624	143	24	curium	curium	NN
31624	143	25	,	,	,
31624	143	26	as	as	IN
31624	143	27	shown	show	VBN
31624	143	28	in	in	IN
31624	143	29	the	the	DT
31624	143	30	following	following	JJ
31624	143	31	equations	equation	NNS
31624	143	32	:	:	:
31624	143	33	{	{	-LRB-
31624	143	34	95}Am<240	95}am<240	CD
31624	143	35	>	>	XX
31624	143	36	+	+	CC
31624	143	37	[	[	-LRB-
31624	143	38	alpha	alpha	NN
31624	143	39	]	]	-RRB-
31624	143	40	--	--	:
31624	143	41	>	>	XX
31624	143	42	{	{	-LRB-
31624	143	43	97}Bk<243	97}bk<243	CD
31624	143	44	>	>	XX
31624	143	45	+	+	SYM
31624	143	46	{	{	-LRB-
31624	143	47	0}n<1	0}n<1	JJ
31624	143	48	>	>	XX
31624	143	49	,	,	,
31624	143	50	and	and	CC
31624	143	51	{	{	-LRB-
31624	143	52	96}Cm<241	96}cm<241	CD
31624	143	53	>	>	XX
31624	143	54	+	+	CC
31624	143	55	[	[	-LRB-
31624	143	56	alpha	alpha	NN
31624	143	57	]	]	-RRB-
31624	143	58	--	--	:
31624	143	59	>	>	XX
31624	143	60	{	{	-LRB-
31624	143	61	98}Cf<244	98}cf<244	CD
31624	143	62	>	>	NFP
31624	143	63	+	+	CC
31624	143	64	{	{	-LRB-
31624	143	65	0}n<1	0}n<1	NNP
31624	143	66	>	>	XX
31624	143	67	.	.	.
31624	144	1	The	the	DT
31624	144	2	next	next	JJ
31624	144	3	two	two	CD
31624	144	4	elements	element	NNS
31624	144	5	,	,	,
31624	144	6	einsteinium	einsteinium	NN
31624	144	7	(	(	-LRB-
31624	144	8	{	{	-LRB-
31624	144	9	99}Es	99}Es	NNP
31624	144	10	)	)	-RRB-
31624	144	11	and	and	CC
31624	144	12	fermium	fermium	NN
31624	144	13	(	(	-LRB-
31624	144	14	{	{	-LRB-
31624	144	15	100}Fm	100}fm	CD
31624	144	16	)	)	-RRB-
31624	144	17	,	,	,
31624	144	18	were	be	VBD
31624	144	19	originally	originally	RB
31624	144	20	found	find	VBN
31624	144	21	in	in	IN
31624	144	22	the	the	DT
31624	144	23	debris	debris	NN
31624	144	24	from	from	IN
31624	144	25	the	the	DT
31624	144	26	thermonuclear	thermonuclear	NN
31624	144	27	device	device	NN
31624	144	28	"	"	``
31624	144	29	Mike	Mike	NNP
31624	144	30	,	,	,
31624	144	31	"	"	''
31624	144	32	which	which	WDT
31624	144	33	was	be	VBD
31624	144	34	detonated	detonate	VBN
31624	144	35	on	on	IN
31624	144	36	Eniwetok	Eniwetok	NNP
31624	144	37	atoll	atoll	NN
31624	144	38	November	November	NNP
31624	144	39	1952	1952	CD
31624	144	40	.	.	.
31624	145	1	(	(	-LRB-
31624	145	2	This	this	DT
31624	145	3	method	method	NN
31624	145	4	of	of	IN
31624	145	5	creating	create	VBG
31624	145	6	new	new	JJ
31624	145	7	substances	substance	NNS
31624	145	8	is	be	VBZ
31624	145	9	somewhat	somewhat	RB
31624	145	10	more	more	RBR
31624	145	11	extravagant	extravagant	JJ
31624	145	12	than	than	IN
31624	145	13	the	the	DT
31624	145	14	mythical	mythical	JJ
31624	145	15	Chinese	chinese	JJ
31624	145	16	method	method	NN
31624	145	17	of	of	IN
31624	145	18	burning	burn	VBG
31624	145	19	down	down	RP
31624	145	20	a	a	DT
31624	145	21	building	building	NN
31624	145	22	to	to	TO
31624	145	23	get	get	VB
31624	145	24	a	a	DT
31624	145	25	roast	roast	NN
31624	145	26	pig	pig	NN
31624	145	27	.	.	.
31624	145	28	)	)	-RRB-
31624	146	1	These	these	DT
31624	146	2	elements	element	NNS
31624	146	3	have	have	VBP
31624	146	4	since	since	IN
31624	146	5	been	be	VBN
31624	146	6	made	make	VBN
31624	146	7	in	in	IN
31624	146	8	nuclear	nuclear	JJ
31624	146	9	reactors	reactor	NNS
31624	146	10	and	and	CC
31624	146	11	by	by	IN
31624	146	12	bombardment	bombardment	NN
31624	146	13	.	.	.
31624	147	1	This	this	DT
31624	147	2	time	time	NN
31624	147	3	the	the	DT
31624	147	4	"	"	``
31624	147	5	bullet	bullet	NN
31624	147	6	"	"	''
31624	147	7	was	be	VBD
31624	147	8	N<14	n<14	CD
31624	147	9	>	>	XX
31624	147	10	stripped	strip	VBN
31624	147	11	of	of	IN
31624	147	12	electrons	electron	NNS
31624	147	13	till	till	IN
31624	147	14	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	147	15	had	have	VBD
31624	147	16	a	a	DT
31624	147	17	charge	charge	NN
31624	147	18	of	of	IN
31624	147	19	+6	+6	NN
31624	147	20	,	,	,
31624	147	21	and	and	CC
31624	147	22	the	the	DT
31624	147	23	target	target	NN
31624	147	24	was	be	VBD
31624	147	25	plutonium	plutonium	NN
31624	147	26	.	.	.
31624	148	1	Researchers	researcher	NNS
31624	148	2	at	at	IN
31624	148	3	the	the	DT
31624	148	4	University	University	NNP
31624	148	5	of	of	IN
31624	148	6	California	California	NNP
31624	148	7	used	use	VBD
31624	148	8	new	new	JJ
31624	148	9	techniques	technique	NNS
31624	148	10	in	in	IN
31624	148	11	forming	form	VBG
31624	148	12	and	and	CC
31624	148	13	identifying	identify	VBG
31624	148	14	element	element	NN
31624	148	15	101	101	CD
31624	148	16	,	,	,
31624	148	17	mendelevium	mendelevium	NN
31624	148	18	.	.	.
31624	149	1	A	a	DT
31624	149	2	very	very	RB
31624	149	3	thin	thin	JJ
31624	149	4	layer	layer	NN
31624	149	5	of	of	IN
31624	149	6	{	{	-LRB-
31624	149	7	99}Es<253	99}es<253	CD
31624	149	8	>	>	XX
31624	149	9	was	be	VBD
31624	149	10	electroplated	electroplate	VBN
31624	149	11	onto	onto	IN
31624	149	12	a	a	DT
31624	149	13	thin	thin	JJ
31624	149	14	gold	gold	NN
31624	149	15	foil	foil	NN
31624	149	16	and	and	CC
31624	149	17	was	be	VBD
31624	149	18	then	then	RB
31624	149	19	bombarded	bombard	VBN
31624	149	20	,	,	,
31624	149	21	from	from	IN
31624	149	22	behind	behind	IN
31624	149	23	the	the	DT
31624	149	24	layer	layer	NN
31624	149	25	,	,	,
31624	149	26	with	with	IN
31624	149	27	41-MeV	41-mev	CD
31624	149	28	[	[	-LRB-
31624	149	29	alpha	alpha	NN
31624	149	30	]	]	-RRB-
31624	149	31	particles	particle	NNS
31624	149	32	.	.	.
31624	150	1	Unchanged	unchanged	JJ
31624	150	2	{	{	-LRB-
31624	150	3	99}Es<253	99}es<253	CD
31624	150	4	>	>	NFP
31624	150	5	stayed	stay	VBD
31624	150	6	on	on	IN
31624	150	7	the	the	DT
31624	150	8	gold	gold	NN
31624	150	9	,	,	,
31624	150	10	but	but	CC
31624	150	11	those	those	DT
31624	150	12	atoms	atom	NNS
31624	150	13	hit	hit	VBN
31624	150	14	by	by	IN
31624	150	15	[	[	-LRB-
31624	150	16	alpha	alpha	NN
31624	150	17	]	]	-RRB-
31624	150	18	particles	particle	NNS
31624	150	19	were	be	VBD
31624	150	20	knocked	knock	VBN
31624	150	21	off	off	RP
31624	150	22	and	and	CC
31624	150	23	deposited	deposit	VBN
31624	150	24	on	on	IN
31624	150	25	a	a	DT
31624	150	26	"	"	``
31624	150	27	catcher	catcher	NN
31624	150	28	"	"	''
31624	150	29	gold	gold	NN
31624	150	30	foil	foil	NN
31624	150	31	,	,	,
31624	150	32	which	which	WDT
31624	150	33	was	be	VBD
31624	150	34	then	then	RB
31624	150	35	dissolved	dissolve	VBN
31624	150	36	and	and	CC
31624	150	37	analyzed	analyze	VBD
31624	150	38	(	(	-LRB-
31624	150	39	Fig	fig	NN
31624	150	40	.	.	.
31624	151	1	3	3	LS
31624	151	2	)	)	-RRB-
31624	151	3	.	.	.
31624	152	1	This	this	DT
31624	152	2	freed	free	VBD
31624	152	3	the	the	DT
31624	152	4	new	new	JJ
31624	152	5	element	element	NN
31624	152	6	from	from	IN
31624	152	7	most	most	JJS
31624	152	8	of	of	IN
31624	152	9	the	the	DT
31624	152	10	very	very	RB
31624	152	11	reactive	reactive	JJ
31624	152	12	parent	parent	NN
31624	152	13	substances	substance	NNS
31624	152	14	,	,	,
31624	152	15	so	so	IN
31624	152	16	that	that	IN
31624	152	17	analysis	analysis	NN
31624	152	18	was	be	VBD
31624	152	19	easier	easy	JJR
31624	152	20	.	.	.
31624	153	1	Even	even	RB
31624	153	2	so	so	RB
31624	153	3	,	,	,
31624	153	4	the	the	DT
31624	153	5	radioactivity	radioactivity	NN
31624	153	6	was	be	VBD
31624	153	7	so	so	RB
31624	153	8	weak	weak	JJ
31624	153	9	that	that	IN
31624	153	10	the	the	DT
31624	153	11	new	new	JJ
31624	153	12	element	element	NN
31624	153	13	was	be	VBD
31624	153	14	identified	identify	VBN
31624	153	15	"	"	``
31624	153	16	one	one	CD
31624	153	17	atom	atom	NN
31624	153	18	at	at	IN
31624	153	19	a	a	DT
31624	153	20	time	time	NN
31624	153	21	"	"	''
31624	153	22	;	;	:
31624	153	23	this	this	DT
31624	153	24	is	be	VBZ
31624	153	25	possible	possible	JJ
31624	153	26	because	because	IN
31624	153	27	its	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	153	28	daughter	daughter	NN
31624	153	29	element	element	NN
31624	153	30	,	,	,
31624	153	31	fermium	fermium	NN
31624	153	32	,	,	,
31624	153	33	spontaneously	spontaneously	RB
31624	153	34	fissions	fission	NNS
31624	153	35	and	and	CC
31624	153	36	releases	release	NNS
31624	153	37	energy	energy	NN
31624	153	38	in	in	IN
31624	153	39	greater	great	JJR
31624	153	40	bursts	burst	NNS
31624	153	41	than	than	IN
31624	153	42	any	any	DT
31624	153	43	possible	possible	JJ
31624	153	44	contaminant	contaminant	NN
31624	153	45	.	.	.
31624	154	1	[	[	-LRB-
31624	154	2	Illustration	illustration	NN
31624	154	3	:	:	:
31624	154	4	Fig	Fig	NNP
31624	154	5	.	.	.
31624	155	1	3	3	LS
31624	155	2	.	.	.
31624	156	1	The	the	DT
31624	156	2	production	production	NN
31624	156	3	of	of	IN
31624	156	4	mendelevium	mendelevium	NN
31624	156	5	.	.	.
31624	156	6	]	]	-RRB-
31624	157	1	In	in	IN
31624	157	2	1957	1957	CD
31624	157	3	,	,	,
31624	157	4	in	in	IN
31624	157	5	Stockholm	Stockholm	NNP
31624	157	6	,	,	,
31624	157	7	element	element	NN
31624	157	8	102	102	CD
31624	157	9	was	be	VBD
31624	157	10	reported	report	VBN
31624	157	11	found	find	VBN
31624	157	12	by	by	IN
31624	157	13	an	an	DT
31624	157	14	international	international	JJ
31624	157	15	team	team	NN
31624	157	16	of	of	IN
31624	157	17	scientists	scientist	NNS
31624	157	18	(	(	-LRB-
31624	157	19	who	who	WP
31624	157	20	called	call	VBD
31624	157	21	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	157	22	nobelium	nobelium	NN
31624	157	23	)	)	-RRB-
31624	157	24	,	,	,
31624	157	25	but	but	CC
31624	157	26	diligent	diligent	JJ
31624	157	27	and	and	CC
31624	157	28	extensive	extensive	JJ
31624	157	29	research	research	NN
31624	157	30	failed	fail	VBD
31624	157	31	to	to	TO
31624	157	32	duplicate	duplicate	VB
31624	157	33	the	the	DT
31624	157	34	Stockholm	Stockholm	NNP
31624	157	35	findings	finding	NNS
31624	157	36	.	.	.
31624	158	1	However	however	RB
31624	158	2	,	,	,
31624	158	3	a	a	DT
31624	158	4	still	still	RB
31624	158	5	newer	new	JJR
31624	158	6	technique	technique	NN
31624	158	7	developed	develop	VBN
31624	158	8	at	at	IN
31624	158	9	Berkeley	Berkeley	NNP
31624	158	10	showed	show	VBD
31624	158	11	the	the	DT
31624	158	12	footprints	footprint	NNS
31624	158	13	--	--	:
31624	158	14	if	if	IN
31624	158	15	not	not	RB
31624	158	16	the	the	DT
31624	158	17	living	living	NN
31624	158	18	presence	presence	NN
31624	158	19	--	--	:
31624	158	20	of	of	IN
31624	158	21	102	102	CD
31624	158	22	(	(	-LRB-
31624	158	23	see	see	VB
31624	158	24	Fig	Fig	NNP
31624	158	25	.	.	.
31624	159	1	4	4	LS
31624	159	2	)	)	-RRB-
31624	159	3	.	.	.
31624	160	1	The	the	DT
31624	160	2	rare	rare	JJ
31624	160	3	isotope	isotope	NN
31624	160	4	curium-246	curium-246	NNP
31624	160	5	is	be	VBZ
31624	160	6	coated	coat	VBN
31624	160	7	on	on	IN
31624	160	8	a	a	DT
31624	160	9	small	small	JJ
31624	160	10	piece	piece	NN
31624	160	11	of	of	IN
31624	160	12	nickel	nickel	NN
31624	160	13	foil	foil	NN
31624	160	14	,	,	,
31624	160	15	enclosed	enclose	VBN
31624	160	16	in	in	IN
31624	160	17	a	a	DT
31624	160	18	helium	helium	NN
31624	160	19	-	-	HYPH
31624	160	20	filled	fill	VBN
31624	160	21	container	container	NN
31624	160	22	,	,	,
31624	160	23	and	and	CC
31624	160	24	placed	place	VBN
31624	160	25	in	in	IN
31624	160	26	the	the	DT
31624	160	27	heavy	heavy	JJ
31624	160	28	-	-	HYPH
31624	160	29	ion	ion	NN
31624	160	30	linear	linear	JJ
31624	160	31	accelerator	accelerator	NN
31624	160	32	(	(	-LRB-
31624	160	33	Hilac	Hilac	NNP
31624	160	34	)	)	-RRB-
31624	160	35	beam	beam	VBP
31624	160	36	.	.	.
31624	161	1	Positively	positively	RB
31624	161	2	charged	charge	VBN
31624	161	3	atoms	atom	NNS
31624	161	4	of	of	IN
31624	161	5	element	element	NN
31624	161	6	102	102	CD
31624	161	7	are	be	VBP
31624	161	8	knocked	knock	VBN
31624	161	9	off	off	RP
31624	161	10	the	the	DT
31624	161	11	foil	foil	NN
31624	161	12	by	by	IN
31624	161	13	the	the	DT
31624	161	14	beam	beam	NN
31624	161	15	,	,	,
31624	161	16	which	which	WDT
31624	161	17	is	be	VBZ
31624	161	18	of	of	IN
31624	161	19	carbon-12	carbon-12	NN
31624	161	20	or	or	CC
31624	161	21	carbon-13	carbon-13	NN
31624	161	22	nuclei	nucleus	NNS
31624	161	23	,	,	,
31624	161	24	and	and	CC
31624	161	25	are	be	VBP
31624	161	26	deposited	deposit	VBN
31624	161	27	on	on	IN
31624	161	28	a	a	DT
31624	161	29	negatively	negatively	RB
31624	161	30	charged	charge	VBN
31624	161	31	conveyor	conveyor	NN
31624	161	32	apron	apron	NN
31624	161	33	.	.	.
31624	162	1	But	but	CC
31624	162	2	element	element	NN
31624	162	3	102	102	CD
31624	162	4	does	do	VBZ
31624	162	5	n't	not	RB
31624	162	6	live	live	VB
31624	162	7	long	long	RB
31624	162	8	enough	enough	RB
31624	162	9	to	to	TO
31624	162	10	be	be	VB
31624	162	11	actually	actually	RB
31624	162	12	measured	measure	VBN
31624	162	13	.	.	.
31624	163	1	As	as	IN
31624	163	2	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	163	3	decays	decay	VBZ
31624	163	4	,	,	,
31624	163	5	its	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	163	6	daughter	daughter	NN
31624	163	7	product	product	NN
31624	163	8	,	,	,
31624	163	9	{	{	-LRB-
31624	163	10	100}Fm<250	100}fm<250	CD
31624	163	11	>	>	XX
31624	163	12	,	,	,
31624	163	13	is	be	VBZ
31624	163	14	attracted	attract	VBN
31624	163	15	onto	onto	IN
31624	163	16	a	a	DT
31624	163	17	charged	charge	VBN
31624	163	18	aluminum	aluminum	NN
31624	163	19	foil	foil	NN
31624	163	20	where	where	WRB
31624	163	21	it	-PRON-	PRP
31624	163	22	can	can	MD
31624	163	23	be	be	VB
31624	163	24	analyzed	analyze	VBN
31624	163	25	.	.	.
31624	164	1	The	the	DT
31624	164	2	researchers	researcher	NNS
31624	164	3	have	have	VBP
31624	164	4	decided	decide	VBN
31624	164	5	that	that	IN
31624	164	6	the	the	DT
31624	164	7	hen	hen	NN
31624	164	8	really	really	RB
31624	164	9	did	do	VBD
31624	164	10	come	come	VB
31624	164	11	first	first	RB
31624	164	12	:	:	:
31624	164	13	they	-PRON-	PRP
31624	164	14	have	have	VBP
31624	164	15	the	the	DT
31624	164	16	egg	egg	NN
31624	164	17	;	;	:
31624	164	18	therefore	therefore	RB
31624	164	19	the	the	DT
31624	164	20	hen	hen	NN
31624	164	21	must	must	MD
31624	164	22	have	have	VB
31624	164	23	existed	exist	VBN
31624	164	24	.	.	.
31624	165	1	By	by	IN
31624	165	2	measuring	measure	VBG
31624	165	3	the	the	DT
31624	165	4	time	time	NN
31624	165	5	distance	distance	NN
31624	165	6	between	between	IN
31624	165	7	target	target	NN
31624	165	8	and	and	CC
31624	165	9	daughter	daughter	NN
31624	165	10	product	product	NN
31624	165	11	,	,	,
31624	165	12	they	-PRON-	PRP
31624	165	13	figure	figure	VBP
31624	165	14	that	that	IN
31624	165	15	the	the	DT
31624	165	16	hen	hen	NN
31624	165	17	-	-	HYPH
31624	165	18	mother	mother	NN
31624	165	19	(	(	-LRB-
31624	165	20	element	element	NN
31624	165	21	102	102	CD
31624	165	22	)	)	-RRB-
31624	165	23	must	must	MD
31624	165	24	have	have	VB
31624	165	25	a	a	DT
31624	165	26	half	half	JJ
31624	165	27	-	-	HYPH
31624	165	28	life	life	NN
31624	165	29	of	of	IN
31624	165	30	three	three	CD
31624	165	31	seconds	second	NNS
31624	165	32	.	.	.
31624	166	1	[	[	-LRB-
31624	166	2	Illustration	illustration	NN
31624	166	3	:	:	:
31624	166	4	Fig	Fig	NNP
31624	166	5	.	.	.
31624	167	1	4	4	LS
31624	167	2	.	.	.
31624	168	1	The	the	DT
31624	168	2	experimental	experimental	JJ
31624	168	3	arrangement	arrangement	NN
31624	168	4	used	use	VBN
31624	168	5	in	in	IN
31624	168	6	the	the	DT
31624	168	7	discovery	discovery	NN
31624	168	8	of	of	IN
31624	168	9	element	element	NN
31624	168	10	102	102	CD
31624	168	11	.	.	.
31624	168	12	]	]	-RRB-
31624	169	1	In	in	IN
31624	169	2	an	an	DT
31624	169	3	experiment	experiment	NN
31624	169	4	completed	complete	VBN
31624	169	5	in	in	IN
31624	169	6	1961	1961	CD
31624	169	7	,	,	,
31624	169	8	researchers	researcher	NNS
31624	169	9	at	at	IN
31624	169	10	the	the	DT
31624	169	11	University	University	NNP
31624	169	12	of	of	IN
31624	169	13	California	California	NNP
31624	169	14	at	at	IN
31624	169	15	Berkeley	Berkeley	NNP
31624	169	16	unearthed	unearth	VBD
31624	169	17	similar	similar	JJ
31624	169	18	"	"	``
31624	169	19	footprints	footprint	NNS
31624	169	20	"	"	''
31624	169	21	belonging	belong	VBG
31624	169	22	to	to	TO
31624	169	23	element	element	VB
31624	169	24	103	103	CD
31624	169	25	(	(	-LRB-
31624	169	26	named	name	VBN
31624	169	27	lawrencium	lawrencium	NN
31624	169	28	in	in	IN
31624	169	29	honor	honor	NN
31624	169	30	of	of	IN
31624	169	31	Nobel	Nobel	NNP
31624	169	32	prizewinner	prizewinner	NN
31624	169	33	Ernest	Ernest	NNP
31624	169	34	O.	O.	NNP
31624	169	35	Lawrence	Lawrence	NNP
31624	169	36	)	)	-RRB-
31624	169	37	.	.	.
31624	170	1	They	-PRON-	PRP
31624	170	2	found	find	VBD
31624	170	3	that	that	IN
31624	170	4	the	the	DT
31624	170	5	bombardment	bombardment	NN
31624	170	6	of	of	IN
31624	170	7	californium	californium	NN
31624	170	8	with	with	IN
31624	170	9	boron	boron	NN
31624	170	10	ions	ion	NNS
31624	170	11	released	release	VBN
31624	170	12	[	[	-LRB-
31624	170	13	alpha	alpha	NN
31624	170	14	]	]	-RRB-
31624	170	15	particles	particle	NNS
31624	170	16	which	which	WDT
31624	170	17	had	have	VBD
31624	170	18	an	an	DT
31624	170	19	energy	energy	NN
31624	170	20	of	of	IN
31624	170	21	8.6	8.6	CD
31624	170	22	MeV	MeV	NNS
31624	170	23	and	and	CC
31624	170	24	decayed	decay	VBN
31624	170	25	with	with	IN
31624	170	26	a	a	DT
31624	170	27	half	half	JJ
31624	170	28	-	-	HYPH
31624	170	29	life	life	NN
31624	170	30	of	of	IN
31624	170	31	8	8	CD
31624	170	32	±	±	CD
31624	170	33	2	2	CD
31624	170	34	seconds	second	NNS
31624	170	35	.	.	.
31624	171	1	These	these	DT
31624	171	2	particles	particle	NNS
31624	171	3	can	can	MD
31624	171	4	only	only	RB
31624	171	5	be	be	VB
31624	171	6	produced	produce	VBN
31624	171	7	by	by	IN
31624	171	8	element	element	NN
31624	171	9	103	103	CD
31624	171	10	,	,	,
31624	171	11	which	which	WDT
31624	171	12	,	,	,
31624	171	13	according	accord	VBG
31624	171	14	to	to	IN
31624	171	15	one	one	CD
31624	171	16	scientific	scientific	JJ
31624	171	17	theory	theory	NN
31624	171	18	,	,	,
31624	171	19	is	be	VBZ
31624	171	20	a	a	DT
31624	171	21	type	type	NN
31624	171	22	of	of	IN
31624	171	23	"	"	``
31624	171	24	dinosaur	dinosaur	NN
31624	171	25	"	"	''
31624	171	26	of	of	IN
31624	171	27	matter	matter	NN
31624	171	28	that	that	WDT
31624	171	29	died	die	VBD
31624	171	30	out	out	RP
31624	171	31	a	a	DT
31624	171	32	few	few	JJ
31624	171	33	weeks	week	NNS
31624	171	34	after	after	IN
31624	171	35	creation	creation	NN
31624	171	36	of	of	IN
31624	171	37	the	the	DT
31624	171	38	universe	universe	NN
31624	171	39	.	.	.
31624	172	1	The	the	DT
31624	172	2	half	half	JJ
31624	172	3	-	-	HYPH
31624	172	4	life	life	NN
31624	172	5	of	of	IN
31624	172	6	lawrencium	lawrencium	NN
31624	172	7	(	(	-LRB-
31624	172	8	Lw	Lw	NNP
31624	172	9	)	)	-RRB-
31624	172	10	is	be	VBZ
31624	172	11	about	about	RB
31624	172	12	8	8	CD
31624	172	13	seconds	second	NNS
31624	172	14	,	,	,
31624	172	15	and	and	CC
31624	172	16	its	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	172	17	mass	mass	NN
31624	172	18	number	number	NN
31624	172	19	is	be	VBZ
31624	172	20	thought	think	VBN
31624	172	21	to	to	TO
31624	172	22	be	be	VB
31624	172	23	257	257	CD
31624	172	24	,	,	,
31624	172	25	although	although	IN
31624	172	26	further	further	JJ
31624	172	27	research	research	NN
31624	172	28	is	be	VBZ
31624	172	29	required	require	VBN
31624	172	30	to	to	TO
31624	172	31	establish	establish	VB
31624	172	32	this	this	DT
31624	172	33	conclusively	conclusively	RB
31624	172	34	.	.	.
31624	173	1	Research	research	NN
31624	173	2	on	on	IN
31624	173	3	lawrencium	lawrencium	NN
31624	173	4	is	be	VBZ
31624	173	5	complicated	complicate	VBN
31624	173	6	.	.	.
31624	174	1	Its	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	174	2	total	total	JJ
31624	174	3	[	[	-LRB-
31624	174	4	alpha	alpha	NN
31624	174	5	]	]	-RRB-
31624	174	6	activity	activity	NN
31624	174	7	amounts	amount	NNS
31624	174	8	to	to	IN
31624	174	9	barely	barely	RB
31624	174	10	a	a	DT
31624	174	11	few	few	JJ
31624	174	12	counts	count	NNS
31624	174	13	per	per	IN
31624	174	14	hour	hour	NN
31624	174	15	.	.	.
31624	175	1	And	and	CC
31624	175	2	,	,	,
31624	175	3	since	since	IN
31624	175	4	scientists	scientist	NNS
31624	175	5	had	have	VBD
31624	175	6	the	the	DT
31624	175	7	[	[	-LRB-
31624	175	8	alpha]-particle	alpha]-particle	NN
31624	175	9	"	"	``
31624	175	10	footprints	footprint	VBZ
31624	175	11	"	"	''
31624	175	12	only	only	RB
31624	175	13	and	and	CC
31624	175	14	not	not	RB
31624	175	15	the	the	DT
31624	175	16	beast	beast	NN
31624	175	17	itself	-PRON-	PRP
31624	175	18	,	,	,
31624	175	19	the	the	DT
31624	175	20	complications	complication	NNS
31624	175	21	increased	increase	VBD
31624	175	22	.	.	.
31624	176	1	Therefore	therefore	RB
31624	176	2	no	no	DT
31624	176	3	direct	direct	JJ
31624	176	4	chemical	chemical	NN
31624	176	5	techniques	technique	NNS
31624	176	6	could	could	MD
31624	176	7	be	be	VB
31624	176	8	used	use	VBN
31624	176	9	,	,	,
31624	176	10	and	and	CC
31624	176	11	element	element	NN
31624	176	12	103	103	CD
31624	176	13	was	be	VBD
31624	176	14	the	the	DT
31624	176	15	first	first	JJ
31624	176	16	to	to	TO
31624	176	17	be	be	VB
31624	176	18	discovered	discover	VBN
31624	176	19	solely	solely	RB
31624	176	20	by	by	IN
31624	176	21	nuclear	nuclear	JJ
31624	176	22	methods	method	NNS
31624	176	23	.	.	.
31624	177	1	[	[	-LRB-
31624	177	2	A	a	NN
31624	177	3	]	]	-RRB-
31624	177	4	For	for	IN
31624	177	5	many	many	JJ
31624	177	6	years	year	NNS
31624	177	7	the	the	DT
31624	177	8	periodic	periodic	JJ
31624	177	9	system	system	NN
31624	177	10	was	be	VBD
31624	177	11	considered	consider	VBN
31624	177	12	closed	closed	JJ
31624	177	13	at	at	IN
31624	177	14	92	92	CD
31624	177	15	.	.	.
31624	178	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
31624	178	2	has	have	VBZ
31624	178	3	now	now	RB
31624	178	4	been	be	VBN
31624	178	5	extended	extend	VBN
31624	178	6	by	by	IN
31624	178	7	at	at	RB
31624	178	8	least	least	JJS
31624	178	9	eleven	eleven	CD
31624	178	10	places	place	NNS
31624	178	11	(	(	-LRB-
31624	178	12	Table	table	NN
31624	178	13	I	I	NNP
31624	178	14	)	)	-RRB-
31624	178	15	,	,	,
31624	178	16	and	and	CC
31624	178	17	one	one	CD
31624	178	18	of	of	IN
31624	178	19	the	the	DT
31624	178	20	extensions	extension	NNS
31624	178	21	(	(	-LRB-
31624	178	22	plutonium	plutonium	NN
31624	178	23	)	)	-RRB-
31624	178	24	has	have	VBZ
31624	178	25	been	be	VBN
31624	178	26	made	make	VBN
31624	178	27	in	in	IN
31624	178	28	truckload	truckload	NN
31624	178	29	lots	lot	NNS
31624	178	30	.	.	.
31624	179	1	Its	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	179	2	production	production	NN
31624	179	3	and	and	CC
31624	179	4	use	use	NN
31624	179	5	affect	affect	VB
31624	179	6	the	the	DT
31624	179	7	life	life	NN
31624	179	8	of	of	IN
31624	179	9	everyone	everyone	NN
31624	179	10	in	in	IN
31624	179	11	the	the	DT
31624	179	12	United	United	NNP
31624	179	13	States	States	NNP
31624	179	14	and	and	CC
31624	179	15	most	most	JJS
31624	179	16	of	of	IN
31624	179	17	the	the	DT
31624	179	18	world	world	NN
31624	179	19	.	.	.
31624	180	1	Surely	surely	RB
31624	180	2	the	the	DT
31624	180	3	end	end	NN
31624	180	4	is	be	VBZ
31624	180	5	again	again	RB
31624	180	6	in	in	IN
31624	180	7	sight	sight	NN
31624	180	8	,	,	,
31624	180	9	at	at	IN
31624	180	10	least	least	JJS
31624	180	11	for	for	IN
31624	180	12	ordinary	ordinary	JJ
31624	180	13	matter	matter	NN
31624	180	14	,	,	,
31624	180	15	although	although	IN
31624	180	16	persistent	persistent	JJ
31624	180	17	scientists	scientist	NNS
31624	180	18	may	may	MD
31624	180	19	shift	shift	VB
31624	180	20	their	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	180	21	search	search	NN
31624	180	22	to	to	IN
31624	180	23	the	the	DT
31624	180	24	other	other	JJ
31624	180	25	-	-	HYPH
31624	180	26	world	world	NN
31624	180	27	"	"	``
31624	180	28	anti	anti	JJ
31624	180	29	"	"	''
31624	180	30	particles	particle	NNS
31624	180	31	.	.	.
31624	181	1	These	these	DT
31624	181	2	,	,	,
31624	181	3	too	too	RB
31624	181	4	,	,	,
31624	181	5	will	will	MD
31624	181	6	call	call	VB
31624	181	7	for	for	IN
31624	181	8	very	very	RB
31624	181	9	special	special	JJ
31624	181	10	techniques	technique	NNS
31624	181	11	for	for	IN
31624	181	12	detection	detection	NN
31624	181	13	of	of	IN
31624	181	14	their	-PRON-	PRP$
31624	181	15	fleeting	fleeting	JJ
31624	181	16	presence	presence	NN
31624	181	17	.	.	.
31624	182	1	Early	early	JJ
31624	182	2	enthusiastic	enthusiastic	JJ
31624	182	3	researchers	researcher	NNS
31624	182	4	complained	complain	VBD
31624	182	5	that	that	IN
31624	182	6	a	a	DT
31624	182	7	man	man	NN
31624	182	8	's	's	POS
31624	182	9	life	life	NN
31624	182	10	was	be	VBD
31624	182	11	not	not	RB
31624	182	12	long	long	JJ
31624	182	13	enough	enough	RB
31624	182	14	to	to	TO
31624	182	15	let	let	VB
31624	182	16	him	-PRON-	PRP
31624	182	17	do	do	VB
31624	182	18	all	all	PDT
31624	182	19	the	the	DT
31624	182	20	work	work	NN
31624	182	21	he	-PRON-	PRP
31624	182	22	would	would	MD
31624	182	23	like	like	VB
31624	182	24	on	on	IN
31624	182	25	an	an	DT
31624	182	26	element	element	NN
31624	182	27	.	.	.
31624	183	1	The	the	DT
31624	183	2	situation	situation	NN
31624	183	3	has	have	VBZ
31624	183	4	now	now	RB
31624	183	5	reached	reach	VBN
31624	183	6	a	a	DT
31624	183	7	state	state	NN
31624	183	8	of	of	IN
31624	183	9	equilibrium	equilibrium	NN
31624	183	10	;	;	:
31624	183	11	neither	neither	DT
31624	183	12	man	man	NN
31624	183	13	nor	nor	CC
31624	183	14	element	element	NN
31624	183	15	lives	live	VBZ
31624	183	16	long	long	RB
31624	183	17	enough	enough	RB
31624	183	18	to	to	TO
31624	183	19	permit	permit	VB
31624	183	20	all	all	PDT
31624	183	21	the	the	DT
31624	183	22	desired	desire	VBN
31624	183	23	work	work	NN
31624	183	24	.	.	.
31624	184	1	[	[	-LRB-
31624	184	2	A	a	NN
31624	184	3	]	]	-RRB-
31624	184	4	In	in	IN
31624	184	5	August	August	NNP
31624	184	6	1964	1964	CD
31624	184	7	Russian	russian	JJ
31624	184	8	scientists	scientist	NNS
31624	184	9	claimed	claim	VBD
31624	184	10	that	that	IN
31624	184	11	they	-PRON-	PRP
31624	184	12	created	create	VBD
31624	184	13	element	element	NN
31624	184	14	104	104	CD
31624	184	15	with	with	IN
31624	184	16	a	a	DT
31624	184	17	half	half	JJ
31624	184	18	-	-	HYPH
31624	184	19	life	life	NN
31624	184	20	of	of	IN
31624	184	21	about	about	IN
31624	184	22	0.3	0.3	CD
31624	184	23	seconds	second	NNS
31624	184	24	by	by	IN
31624	184	25	bombarding	bombard	VBG
31624	184	26	plutomium	plutomium	NN
31624	184	27	with	with	IN
31624	184	28	accelerated	accelerated	JJ
31624	184	29	neon-22	neon-22	NNP
31624	184	30	ions	ion	NNS
31624	184	31	.	.	.
31624	185	1	Table	table	NN
31624	185	2	I.	i.	NN
31624	186	1	THE	the	DT
31624	186	2	TRANSURANIUM	TRANSURANIUM	NNP
31624	186	3	ELEMENTS	ELEMENTS	NNPS
31624	186	4	=	=	SYM
31624	186	5	=	=	SYM
31624	186	6	=	=	SYM
31624	186	7	=	=	SYM
31624	186	8	=	=	SYM
31624	186	9	=	=	SYM
31624	186	10	=	=	SYM
31624	186	11	=	=	SYM
31624	186	12	=	=	SYM
31624	186	13	=	=	SYM
31624	186	14	=	=	SYM
31624	186	15	=	=	SYM
31624	186	16	=	=	SYM
31624	186	17	=	=	SYM
31624	186	18	=	=	SYM
31624	186	19	=	=	SYM
31624	186	20	=	=	SYM
31624	186	21	=	=	SYM
31624	186	22	=	=	SYM
31624	186	23	=	=	SYM
31624	186	24	=	=	SYM
31624	186	25	=	=	SYM
31624	186	26	=	=	SYM
31624	186	27	=	=	SYM
31624	186	28	=	=	SYM
31624	186	29	=	=	SYM
31624	186	30	=	=	SYM
31624	186	31	=	=	SYM
31624	186	32	=	=	SYM
31624	186	33	=	=	SYM
31624	186	34	=	=	SYM
31624	186	35	=	=	SYM
31624	186	36	=	=	SYM
31624	186	37	=	=	SYM
31624	186	38	=	=	SYM
31624	186	39	=	=	SYM
31624	186	40	=	=	SYM
31624	186	41	=	=	SYM
31624	186	42	=	=	SYM
31624	186	43	=	=	SYM
31624	186	44	=	=	SYM
31624	186	45	=	=	SYM
31624	186	46	=	=	SYM
31624	186	47	=	=	SYM
31624	186	48	=	=	SYM
31624	186	49	=	=	SYM
31624	186	50	=	=	SYM
31624	186	51	=	=	SYM
31624	186	52	=	=	SYM
31624	186	53	=	=	SYM
31624	186	54	=	=	SYM
31624	186	55	=	=	SYM
31624	186	56	=	=	SYM
31624	186	57	=	=	SYM
31624	186	58	=	=	SYM
31624	186	59	=	=	SYM
31624	186	60	=	=	SYM
31624	186	61	=	=	SYM
31624	186	62	=	=	SYM
31624	186	63	=	=	SYM
31624	186	64	=	=	SYM
31624	186	65	=	=	SYM
31624	186	66	=	=	SYM
31624	186	67	=	=	SYM
31624	186	68	=	=	SYM
31624	186	69	=	=	SYM
31624	186	70	=	=	SYM
31624	186	71	=	=	SYM
31624	186	72	=	=	SYM
31624	186	73	=	=	SYM
31624	186	74	=	=	NFP
31624	186	75	=	=	SYM
31624	186	76	Element	element	NN
31624	186	77	Name	name	NN
31624	186	78	(	(	-LRB-
31624	186	79	Symbol	Symbol	NNP
31624	186	80	)	)	-RRB-
31624	186	81	Mass	Mass	NNP
31624	186	82	Year	Year	NNP
31624	186	83	Discovered	discover	VBN
31624	186	84	;	;	:
31624	186	85	by	by	IN
31624	186	86	whom	whom	WP
31624	186	87	;	;	:
31624	186	88	Number	number	NN
31624	186	89	where	where	WRB
31624	186	90	;	;	:
31624	186	91	how	how	WRB
31624	186	92	------------------------------------------------------------------------	------------------------------------------------------------------------	NFP
31624	186	93	93	93	CD
31624	186	94	Neptunium	neptunium	NN
31624	186	95	(	(	-LRB-
31624	186	96	Np	Np	NNP
31624	186	97	)	)	-RRB-
31624	186	98	238	238	CD
31624	186	99	1940	1940	CD
31624	186	100	;	;	:
31624	186	101	E.	E.	NNP
31624	186	102	M.	M.	NNP
31624	186	103	McMillan	McMillan	NNP
31624	186	104	,	,	,
31624	186	105	P.	P.	NNP
31624	186	106	H.	H.	NNP
31624	186	107	Abelson	Abelson	NNP
31624	186	108	;	;	:
31624	186	109	University	University	NNP
31624	186	110	of	of	IN
31624	186	111	California	California	NNP
31624	186	112	at	at	IN
31624	186	113	Berkeley	Berkeley	NNP
31624	186	114	;	;	:
31624	186	115	slow	slow	JJ
31624	186	116	-	-	HYPH
31624	186	117	neutron	neutron	NN
31624	186	118	bombardment	bombardment	NN
31624	186	119	of	of	IN
31624	186	120	U<238	u<238	JJ
31624	186	121	>	>	NN
31624	186	122	in	in	IN
31624	186	123	the	the	DT
31624	186	124	60-inch	60-inch	CD
31624	186	125	cyclotron	cyclotron	NN
31624	186	126	.	.	.
31624	187	1	------------------------------------------------------------------------	------------------------------------------------------------------------	NFP
31624	187	2	94	94	CD
31624	187	3	Plutonium	Plutonium	NNP
31624	187	4	(	(	-LRB-
31624	187	5	Pu	Pu	NNP
31624	187	6	)	)	-RRB-
31624	187	7	238	238	CD
31624	187	8	1941	1941	CD
31624	187	9	;	;	:
31624	187	10	J.	J.	NNP
31624	187	11	W.	W.	NNP
31624	187	12	Kennedy	Kennedy	NNP
31624	187	13	,	,	,
31624	187	14	E.	E.	NNP
31624	187	15	M.	M.	NNP
31624	187	16	McMillan	McMillan	NNP
31624	187	17	,	,	,
31624	187	18	G.	G.	NNP
31624	187	19	T.	T.	NNP
31624	187	20	Seaborg	Seaborg	NNP
31624	187	21	,	,	,
31624	187	22	and	and	CC
31624	187	23	A.	A.	NNP
31624	187	24	C.	C.	NNP
31624	187	25	Wahl	Wahl	NNP
31624	187	26	;	;	:
31624	187	27	University	University	NNP
31624	187	28	of	of	IN
31624	187	29	California	California	NNP
31624	187	30	at	at	IN
31624	187	31	Berkeley	Berkeley	NNP
31624	187	32	;	;	:
31624	187	33	16-MeV	16-mev	CD
31624	187	34	deuteron	deuteron	NN
31624	187	35	bombardment	bombardment	NN
31624	187	36	of	of	IN
31624	187	37	U<238	u<238	JJ
31624	187	38	>	>	NN
31624	187	39	in	in	IN
31624	187	40	the	the	DT
31624	187	41	60-inch	60-inch	CD
31624	187	42	cyclotron	cyclotron	NN
31624	187	43	.	.	.
31624	188	1	(	(	-LRB-
31624	188	2	Pu	Pu	NNP
31624	188	3	)	)	-RRB-
31624	188	4	239	239	CD
31624	188	5	Pu<239	pu<239	CD
31624	188	6	>	>	XX
31624	188	7	;	;	:
31624	188	8	the	the	DT
31624	188	9	fissionable	fissionable	JJ
31624	188	10	isotope	isotope	NN
31624	188	11	of	of	IN
31624	188	12	plutonium	plutonium	NN
31624	188	13	,	,	,
31624	188	14	was	be	VBD
31624	188	15	also	also	RB
31624	188	16	discovered	discover	VBN
31624	188	17	in	in	IN
31624	188	18	1941	1941	CD
31624	188	19	by	by	IN
31624	188	20	J.	J.	NNP
31624	188	21	W.	W.	NNP
31624	188	22	Kennedy	Kennedy	NNP
31624	188	23	,	,	,
31624	188	24	G.	G.	NNP
31624	188	25	T.	T.	NNP
31624	188	26	Seaborg	Seaborg	NNP
31624	188	27	,	,	,
31624	188	28	E.	E.	NNP
31624	188	29	Segrè	Segrè	NNP
31624	188	30	and	and	CC
31624	188	31	A.	A.	NNP
31624	188	32	C.	C.	NNP
31624	188	33	Wahl	Wahl	NNP
31624	188	34	;	;	:
31624	188	35	University	University	NNP
31624	188	36	of	of	IN
31624	188	37	California	California	NNP
31624	188	38	at	at	IN
31624	188	39	Berkeley	Berkeley	NNP
31624	188	40	;	;	:
31624	188	41	slow	slow	JJ
31624	188	42	-	-	HYPH
31624	188	43	neutron	neutron	NN
31624	188	44	bombardment	bombardment	NN
31624	188	45	of	of	IN
31624	188	46	U<238	u<238	JJ
31624	188	47	>	>	NN
31624	188	48	in	in	IN
31624	188	49	the	the	DT
31624	188	50	60-inch	60-inch	CD
31624	188	51	cyclotron	cyclotron	NN
31624	188	52	.	.	.
31624	189	1	------------------------------------------------------------------------	------------------------------------------------------------------------	NFP
31624	189	2	95	95	CD
31624	189	3	Americium	Americium	NNP
31624	189	4	(	(	-LRB-
31624	189	5	Am	Am	NNP
31624	189	6	)	)	-RRB-
31624	189	7	241	241	CD
31624	189	8	1944	1944	CD
31624	189	9	-	-	SYM
31624	189	10	45	45	CD
31624	189	11	;	;	:
31624	189	12	Berkeley	Berkeley	NNP
31624	189	13	scientists	scientist	NNS
31624	189	14	A.	A.	NNP
31624	189	15	Ghiorso	Ghiorso	NNP
31624	189	16	,	,	,
31624	189	17	R.	R.	NNP
31624	189	18	A.	a.	NN
31624	189	19	James	James	NNP
31624	189	20	,	,	,
31624	189	21	L.	L.	NNP
31624	189	22	O.	O.	NNP
31624	189	23	Morgan	Morgan	NNP
31624	189	24	,	,	,
31624	189	25	and	and	CC
31624	189	26	G.	G.	NNP
31624	189	27	T.	T.	NNP
31624	189	28	Seaborg	Seaborg	NNP
31624	189	29	at	at	IN
31624	189	30	the	the	DT
31624	189	31	University	University	NNP
31624	189	32	of	of	IN
31624	189	33	Chicago	Chicago	NNP
31624	189	34	;	;	:
31624	189	35	intense	intense	JJ
31624	189	36	neutron	neutron	NN
31624	189	37	bombardment	bombardment	NN
31624	189	38	of	of	IN
31624	189	39	plutonium	plutonium	NN
31624	189	40	in	in	IN
31624	189	41	nuclear	nuclear	JJ
31624	189	42	reactors	reactor	NNS
31624	189	43	.	.	.
31624	190	1	------------------------------------------------------------------------	------------------------------------------------------------------------	NFP
31624	190	2	96	96	CD
31624	190	3	Curium	Curium	NNP
31624	190	4	(	(	-LRB-
31624	190	5	Cm	Cm	NNP
31624	190	6	)	)	-RRB-
31624	190	7	242	242	CD
31624	190	8	1945	1945	CD
31624	190	9	;	;	:
31624	190	10	Berkeley	Berkeley	NNP
31624	190	11	scientists	scientist	NNS
31624	190	12	A.	A.	NNP
31624	190	13	Ghiorso	Ghiorso	NNP
31624	190	14	,	,	,
31624	190	15	R.	R.	NNP
31624	190	16	A.	a.	NN
31624	190	17	James	James	NNP
31624	190	18	,	,	,
31624	190	19	and	and	CC
31624	190	20	G.	G.	NNP
31624	190	21	T.	T.	NNP
31624	190	22	Seaborg	Seaborg	NNP
31624	190	23	at	at	IN
31624	190	24	the	the	DT
31624	190	25	University	University	NNP
31624	190	26	of	of	IN
31624	190	27	Chicago	Chicago	NNP
31624	190	28	;	;	:
31624	190	29	bombardment	bombardment	NN
31624	190	30	of	of	IN
31624	190	31	Pu<239	Pu<239	NNP
31624	190	32	>	>	XX
31624	190	33	by	by	IN
31624	190	34	32-MeV	32-mev	CD
31624	190	35	helium	helium	NN
31624	190	36	ions	ion	NNS
31624	190	37	from	from	IN
31624	190	38	the	the	DT
31624	190	39	60-inch	60-inch	CD
31624	190	40	cyclotron	cyclotron	NN
31624	190	41	.	.	.
31624	191	1	------------------------------------------------------------------------	------------------------------------------------------------------------	NFP
31624	191	2	97	97	CD
31624	191	3	Berkelium	berkelium	NN
31624	191	4	(	(	-LRB-
31624	191	5	Bk	Bk	NNP
31624	191	6	)	)	-RRB-
31624	191	7	243	243	CD
31624	191	8	1949	1949	CD
31624	191	9	;	;	:
31624	191	10	S.	S.	NNP
31624	191	11	G.	G.	NNP
31624	191	12	Thompson	Thompson	NNP
31624	191	13	,	,	,
31624	191	14	A.	A.	NNP
31624	191	15	Ghiorso	Ghiorso	NNP
31624	191	16	,	,	,
31624	191	17	and	and	CC
31624	191	18	G.	G.	NNP
31624	191	19	T.	T.	NNP
31624	191	20	Seaborg	Seaborg	NNP
31624	191	21	;	;	:
31624	191	22	University	University	NNP
31624	191	23	of	of	IN
31624	191	24	California	California	NNP
31624	191	25	at	at	IN
31624	191	26	Berkeley	Berkeley	NNP
31624	191	27	;	;	:
31624	191	28	35-MeV	35-mev	CD
31624	191	29	helium	helium	NN
31624	191	30	-	-	HYPH
31624	191	31	ion	ion	NN
31624	191	32	bombardment	bombardment	NN
31624	191	33	of	of	IN
31624	191	34	Am<241	Am<241	NNP
31624	191	35	>	>	XX
31624	191	36	.	.	.
31624	192	1	------------------------------------------------------------------------	------------------------------------------------------------------------	NFP
31624	192	2	98	98	CD
31624	192	3	Californium	Californium	NNP
31624	192	4	(	(	-LRB-
31624	192	5	Cf	Cf	NNP
31624	192	6	)	)	-RRB-
31624	192	7	245	245	CD
31624	192	8	1950	1950	CD
31624	192	9	;	;	:
31624	192	10	S.	S.	NNP
31624	192	11	G.	G.	NNP
31624	192	12	Thompson	Thompson	NNP
31624	192	13	,	,	,
31624	192	14	K.	K.	NNP
31624	192	15	Street	Street	NNP
31624	192	16	,	,	,
31624	192	17	A.	A.	NNP
31624	192	18	Ghiorso	Ghiorso	NNP
31624	192	19	,	,	,
31624	192	20	G.	G.	NNP
31624	192	21	T.	T.	NNP
31624	192	22	Seaborg	Seaborg	NNP
31624	192	23	;	;	:
31624	192	24	University	University	NNP
31624	192	25	of	of	IN
31624	192	26	California	California	NNP
31624	192	27	at	at	IN
31624	192	28	Berkeley	Berkeley	NNP
31624	192	29	;	;	:
31624	192	30	35-MeV	35-mev	CD
31624	192	31	helium	helium	NN
31624	192	32	-	-	HYPH
31624	192	33	ion	ion	NN
31624	192	34	bombardment	bombardment	NN
31624	192	35	of	of	IN
31624	192	36	Cm<242	cm<242	JJ
31624	192	37	>	>	NN
31624	192	38	.	.	.
31624	193	1	------------------------------------------------------------------------	------------------------------------------------------------------------	NFP
31624	193	2	99	99	CD
31624	193	3	Einsteinium	einsteinium	NN
31624	193	4	(	(	-LRB-
31624	193	5	Es	es	NN
31624	193	6	)	)	-RRB-
31624	193	7	253	253	CD
31624	193	8	1952	1952	CD
31624	193	9	-	-	SYM
31624	193	10	53	53	CD
31624	193	11	;	;	:
31624	193	12	A.	A.	NNP
31624	193	13	Ghiorso	Ghiorso	NNP
31624	193	14	,	,	,
31624	193	15	S.	S.	NNP
31624	193	16	G.	G.	NNP
31624	193	17	100	100	CD
31624	193	18	Fermium	Fermium	NNP
31624	193	19	(	(	-LRB-
31624	193	20	Fm	Fm	NNP
31624	193	21	)	)	-RRB-
31624	193	22	255	255	CD
31624	193	23	Thompson	Thompson	NNP
31624	193	24	,	,	,
31624	193	25	G.	G.	NNP
31624	193	26	H.	H.	NNP
31624	193	27	Higgins	Higgins	NNP
31624	193	28	,	,	,
31624	193	29	G.	G.	NNP
31624	193	30	T.	T.	NNP
31624	193	31	Seaborg	Seaborg	NNP
31624	193	32	,	,	,
31624	193	33	M.	M.	NNP
31624	193	34	H.	H.	NNP
31624	193	35	Studier	Studier	NNP
31624	193	36	,	,	,
31624	193	37	P.	P.	NNP
31624	193	38	R.	R.	NNP
31624	193	39	Fields	Fields	NNP
31624	193	40	,	,	,
31624	193	41	S.	S.	NNP
31624	193	42	M.	M.	NNP
31624	193	43	Fried	Fried	NNP
31624	193	44	,	,	,
31624	193	45	H.	H.	NNP
31624	193	46	Diamond	Diamond	NNP
31624	193	47	,	,	,
31624	193	48	J.	J.	NNP
31624	193	49	F.	F.	NNP
31624	193	50	Mech	Mech	NNP
31624	193	51	,	,	,
31624	193	52	G.	G.	NNP
31624	193	53	L.	L.	NNP
31624	193	54	Pyle	Pyle	NNP
31624	193	55	,	,	,
31624	193	56	J.	J.	NNP
31624	193	57	R.	R.	NNP
31624	193	58	Huizenga	Huizenga	NNP
31624	193	59	,	,	,
31624	193	60	A.	A.	NNP
31624	193	61	Hirsch	Hirsch	NNP
31624	193	62	,	,	,
31624	193	63	W.	W.	NNP
31624	193	64	M.	M.	NNP
31624	193	65	Manning	Manning	NNP
31624	193	66	,	,	,
31624	193	67	C.	C.	NNP
31624	193	68	I.	I.	NNP
31624	193	69	Browne	Browne	NNP
31624	193	70	,	,	,
31624	193	71	H.	H.	NNP
31624	193	72	L.	L.	NNP
31624	193	73	Smith	Smith	NNP
31624	193	74	,	,	,
31624	193	75	R.	R.	NNP
31624	193	76	W.	W.	NNP
31624	193	77	Spence	Spence	NNP
31624	193	78	;	;	:
31624	193	79	"	"	``
31624	193	80	Mike	Mike	NNP
31624	193	81	"	"	''
31624	193	82	explosion	explosion	NN
31624	193	83	in	in	IN
31624	193	84	South	South	NNP
31624	193	85	Pacific	Pacific	NNP
31624	193	86	;	;	:
31624	193	87	work	work	NN
31624	193	88	done	do	VBN
31624	193	89	at	at	IN
31624	193	90	University	University	NNP
31624	193	91	of	of	IN
31624	193	92	California	California	NNP
31624	193	93	at	at	IN
31624	193	94	Berkeley	Berkeley	NNP
31624	193	95	,	,	,
31624	193	96	Los	Los	NNP
31624	193	97	Alamos	Alamos	NNP
31624	193	98	Scientific	Scientific	NNP
31624	193	99	Laboratory	Laboratory	NNP
31624	193	100	,	,	,
31624	193	101	and	and	CC
31624	193	102	Argonne	Argonne	NNP
31624	193	103	National	National	NNP
31624	193	104	Laboratory	Laboratory	NNP
31624	193	105	;	;	:
31624	193	106	both	both	DT
31624	193	107	elements	element	NNS
31624	193	108	created	create	VBN
31624	193	109	by	by	IN
31624	193	110	multiple	multiple	JJ
31624	193	111	capture	capture	NN
31624	193	112	of	of	IN
31624	193	113	neutrons	neutron	NNS
31624	193	114	in	in	IN
31624	193	115	uranium	uranium	NN
31624	193	116	of	of	IN
31624	193	117	first	first	JJ
31624	193	118	detonation	detonation	NN
31624	193	119	of	of	IN
31624	193	120	a	a	DT
31624	193	121	thermonuclear	thermonuclear	NN
31624	193	122	device	device	NN
31624	193	123	.	.	.
31624	194	1	The	the	DT
31624	194	2	elements	element	NNS
31624	194	3	were	be	VBD
31624	194	4	chemically	chemically	RB
31624	194	5	isolated	isolate	VBN
31624	194	6	from	from	IN
31624	194	7	the	the	DT
31624	194	8	debris	debris	NN
31624	194	9	of	of	IN
31624	194	10	the	the	DT
31624	194	11	explosion	explosion	NN
31624	194	12	.	.	.
31624	195	1	------------------------------------------------------------------------	------------------------------------------------------------------------	NFP
31624	195	2	101	101	CD
31624	195	3	Mendelevium	Mendelevium	NNP
31624	195	4	(	(	-LRB-
31624	195	5	Md	Md	NNP
31624	195	6	)	)	-RRB-
31624	195	7	256	256	CD
31624	195	8	1955	1955	CD
31624	195	9	;	;	:
31624	195	10	A.	A.	NNP
31624	195	11	Ghiorso	Ghiorso	NNP
31624	195	12	,	,	,
31624	195	13	B.	B.	NNP
31624	195	14	G.	G.	NNP
31624	195	15	Harvey	Harvey	NNP
31624	195	16	,	,	,
31624	195	17	G.	G.	NNP
31624	195	18	R.	R.	NNP
31624	195	19	Choppin	Choppin	NNP
31624	195	20	,	,	,
31624	195	21	S.	S.	NNP
31624	195	22	G.	G.	NNP
31624	195	23	Thompson	Thompson	NNP
31624	195	24	,	,	,
31624	195	25	G.	G.	NNP
31624	195	26	T.	T.	NNP
31624	195	27	Seaborg	Seaborg	NNP
31624	195	28	;	;	:
31624	195	29	University	University	NNP
31624	195	30	of	of	IN
31624	195	31	California	California	NNP
31624	195	32	at	at	IN
31624	195	33	Berkeley	Berkeley	NNP
31624	195	34	;	;	:
31624	195	35	41-MeV	41-mev	CD
31624	195	36	helium	helium	NN
31624	195	37	-	-	HYPH
31624	195	38	ion	ion	NN
31624	195	39	bombardment	bombardment	NN
31624	195	40	of	of	IN
31624	195	41	Es<253	Es<253	NNP
31624	195	42	>	>	NFP
31624	195	43	in	in	IN
31624	195	44	60-inch	60-inch	CD
31624	195	45	cyclotron	cyclotron	NN
31624	195	46	.	.	.
31624	196	1	------------------------------------------------------------------------	------------------------------------------------------------------------	NFP
31624	196	2	102	102	CD
31624	196	3	Unnamed[B	Unnamed[B	NNP
31624	196	4	]	]	-RRB-
31624	196	5	254	254	CD
31624	196	6	1958	1958	CD
31624	196	7	;	;	:
31624	196	8	A.	A.	NNP
31624	196	9	Ghiorso	Ghiorso	NNP
31624	196	10	,	,	,
31624	196	11	T.	T.	NNP
31624	196	12	Sikkeland	Sikkeland	NNP
31624	196	13	,	,	,
31624	196	14	A.	A.	NNP
31624	196	15	E.	E.	NNP
31624	196	16	Larsh	Larsh	NNP
31624	196	17	,	,	,
31624	196	18	R.	R.	NNP
31624	196	19	M.	M.	NNP
31624	196	20	Latimer	Latimer	NNP
31624	196	21	;	;	,
31624	196	22	University	University	NNP
31624	196	23	of	of	IN
31624	196	24	California	California	NNP
31624	196	25	,	,	,
31624	196	26	Lawrence	Lawrence	NNP
31624	196	27	Radiation	Radiation	NNP
31624	196	28	Laboratory	Laboratory	NNP
31624	196	29	,	,	,
31624	196	30	Berkeley	Berkeley	NNP
31624	196	31	;	;	:
31624	196	32	68-MeV	68-mev	CD
31624	196	33	carbon	carbon	NN
31624	196	34	-	-	HYPH
31624	196	35	ion	ion	NN
31624	196	36	bombardment	bombardment	NN
31624	196	37	of	of	IN
31624	196	38	Cm<246	Cm<246	NNP
31624	196	39	>	>	XX
31624	196	40	in	in	IN
31624	196	41	heavy	heavy	JJ
31624	196	42	-	-	HYPH
31624	196	43	ion	ion	NN
31624	196	44	linear	linear	JJ
31624	196	45	accelerator	accelerator	NN
31624	196	46	(	(	-LRB-
31624	196	47	Hilac	Hilac	NNP
31624	196	48	)	)	-RRB-
31624	196	49	.	.	.
31624	197	1	------------------------------------------------------------------------	------------------------------------------------------------------------	NFP
31624	197	2	103	103	CD
31624	197	3	Lawrencium	Lawrencium	NNP
31624	197	4	257	257	CD
31624	197	5	1961	1961	CD
31624	197	6	;	;	:
31624	197	7	A.	A.	NNP
31624	197	8	Ghiorso	Ghiorso	NNP
31624	197	9	,	,	,
31624	197	10	T.	T.	NNP
31624	197	11	Sikkeland	Sikkeland	NNP
31624	197	12	,	,	,
31624	197	13	A.	A.	NNP
31624	197	14	E.	E.	NNP
31624	197	15	Larsh	Larsh	NNP
31624	197	16	,	,	,
31624	197	17	R.	R.	NNP
31624	197	18	M.	M.	NNP
31624	197	19	Latimer	Latimer	NNP
31624	197	20	;	;	,
31624	197	21	University	University	NNP
31624	197	22	of	of	IN
31624	197	23	California	California	NNP
31624	197	24	,	,	,
31624	197	25	Lawrence	Lawrence	NNP
31624	197	26	Radiation	Radiation	NNP
31624	197	27	Laboratory	Laboratory	NNP
31624	197	28	,	,	,
31624	197	29	Berkeley	Berkeley	NNP
31624	197	30	;	;	:
31624	197	31	70-MeV	70-MeV	NNP
31624	197	32	boron	boron	NN
31624	197	33	-	-	HYPH
31624	197	34	ion	ion	NN
31624	197	35	bombardment	bombardment	NN
31624	197	36	of	of	IN
31624	197	37	Cf<250	Cf<250	NNP
31624	197	38	>	>	XX
31624	197	39	,	,	,
31624	197	40	Cf<251	Cf<251	NNP
31624	197	41	>	>	NN
31624	197	42	,	,	,
31624	197	43	and	and	CC
31624	197	44	Cf<252	Cf<252	NNP
31624	197	45	>	>	NFP
31624	197	46	in	in	IN
31624	197	47	Hilac	Hilac	NNP
31624	197	48	.	.	.
31624	198	1	=	=	NFP
31624	198	2	=	=	NFP
31624	198	3	=	=	SYM
31624	198	4	=	=	SYM
31624	198	5	=	=	SYM
31624	198	6	=	=	SYM
31624	198	7	=	=	SYM
31624	198	8	=	=	SYM
31624	198	9	=	=	SYM
31624	198	10	=	=	SYM
31624	198	11	=	=	SYM
31624	198	12	=	=	SYM
31624	198	13	=	=	SYM
31624	198	14	=	=	SYM
31624	198	15	=	=	SYM
31624	198	16	=	=	SYM
31624	198	17	=	=	SYM
31624	198	18	=	=	SYM
31624	198	19	=	=	SYM
31624	198	20	=	=	SYM
31624	198	21	=	=	SYM
31624	198	22	=	=	SYM
31624	198	23	=	=	SYM
31624	198	24	=	=	SYM
31624	198	25	=	=	SYM
31624	198	26	=	=	SYM
31624	198	27	=	=	SYM
31624	198	28	=	=	SYM
31624	198	29	=	=	SYM
31624	198	30	=	=	SYM
31624	198	31	=	=	SYM
31624	198	32	=	=	SYM
31624	198	33	=	=	SYM
31624	198	34	=	=	SYM
31624	198	35	=	=	SYM
31624	198	36	=	=	SYM
31624	198	37	=	=	SYM
31624	198	38	=	=	SYM
31624	198	39	=	=	SYM
31624	198	40	=	=	SYM
31624	198	41	=	=	SYM
31624	198	42	=	=	SYM
31624	198	43	=	=	SYM
31624	198	44	=	=	SYM
31624	198	45	=	=	SYM
31624	198	46	=	=	SYM
31624	198	47	=	=	SYM
31624	198	48	=	=	SYM
31624	198	49	=	=	SYM
31624	198	50	=	=	SYM
31624	198	51	=	=	SYM
31624	198	52	=	=	SYM
31624	198	53	=	=	SYM
31624	198	54	=	=	SYM
31624	198	55	=	=	SYM
31624	198	56	=	=	SYM
31624	198	57	=	=	SYM
31624	198	58	=	=	SYM
31624	198	59	=	=	SYM
31624	198	60	=	=	SYM
31624	198	61	=	=	SYM
31624	198	62	=	=	SYM
31624	198	63	=	=	SYM
31624	198	64	=	=	SYM
31624	198	65	=	=	SYM
31624	198	66	=	=	SYM
31624	198	67	=	=	SYM
31624	198	68	=	=	SYM
31624	198	69	=	=	SYM
31624	198	70	=	=	NFP
31624	198	71	=	=	NFP
31624	198	72	=	=	NFP
31624	198	73	[	[	-LRB-
31624	198	74	B	b	NN
31624	198	75	]	]	-RRB-
31624	198	76	A	A	NNP
31624	198	77	1957	1957	CD
31624	198	78	claim	claim	NN
31624	198	79	for	for	IN
31624	198	80	the	the	DT
31624	198	81	synthesis	synthesis	NN
31624	198	82	and	and	CC
31624	198	83	identification	identification	NN
31624	198	84	of	of	IN
31624	198	85	element	element	NN
31624	198	86	102	102	CD
31624	198	87	was	be	VBD
31624	198	88	accepted	accept	VBN
31624	198	89	at	at	IN
31624	198	90	that	that	DT
31624	198	91	time	time	NN
31624	198	92	by	by	IN
31624	198	93	the	the	DT
31624	198	94	International	International	NNP
31624	198	95	Union	Union	NNP
31624	198	96	of	of	IN
31624	198	97	Pure	Pure	NNP
31624	198	98	and	and	CC
31624	198	99	Applied	Applied	NNP
31624	198	100	Chemistry	Chemistry	NNP
31624	198	101	,	,	,
31624	198	102	and	and	CC
31624	198	103	the	the	DT
31624	198	104	name	name	NN
31624	198	105	nobelium	nobelium	NN
31624	198	106	(	(	-LRB-
31624	198	107	symbol	symbol	NN
31624	198	108	No	no	UH
31624	198	109	)	)	-RRB-
31624	198	110	was	be	VBD
31624	198	111	adopted	adopt	VBN
31624	198	112	.	.	.
31624	199	1	The	the	DT
31624	199	2	University	University	NNP
31624	199	3	of	of	IN
31624	199	4	California	California	NNP
31624	199	5	scientists	scientist	NNS
31624	199	6	,	,	,
31624	199	7	A.	A.	NNP
31624	199	8	Ghiorso	Ghiorso	NNP
31624	199	9	et	et	NNP
31624	199	10	al	al	NNP
31624	199	11	.	.	NNP
31624	199	12	,	,	,
31624	199	13	cited	cite	VBN
31624	199	14	here	here	RB
31624	199	15	believe	believe	VBP
31624	199	16	they	-PRON-	PRP
31624	199	17	have	have	VBP
31624	199	18	disproved	disprove	VBN
31624	199	19	the	the	DT
31624	199	20	earlier	early	JJR
31624	199	21	claim	claim	NN
31624	199	22	and	and	CC
31624	199	23	have	have	VB
31624	199	24	the	the	DT
31624	199	25	right	right	NN
31624	199	26	to	to	TO
31624	199	27	suggest	suggest	VB
31624	199	28	a	a	DT
31624	199	29	different	different	JJ
31624	199	30	name	name	NN
31624	199	31	for	for	IN
31624	199	32	the	the	DT
31624	199	33	element	element	NN
31624	199	34	.	.	.