id sid tid token lemma pos 30321 1 1 UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY NNP 30321 1 2 OF of IN 30321 1 3 KANSAS KANSAS NNP 30321 1 4 PUBLICATIONS PUBLICATIONS NNP 30321 1 5 MUSEUM MUSEUM NNP 30321 1 6 OF of IN 30321 1 7 NATURAL natural JJ 30321 1 8 HISTORY HISTORY NNP 30321 1 9 Volume volume NN 30321 1 10 12 12 CD 30321 1 11 , , , 30321 1 12 No no UH 30321 1 13 . . . 30321 2 1 15 15 CD 30321 2 2 , , , 30321 2 3 pp pp NNP 30321 2 4 . . . 30321 3 1 657 657 CD 30321 3 2 - - SYM 30321 3 3 680 680 CD 30321 3 4 , , , 30321 3 5 11 11 CD 30321 3 6 figs fig NNS 30321 3 7 . . . 30321 4 1 May May NNP 30321 4 2 18 18 CD 30321 4 3 , , , 30321 4 4 1964 1964 CD 30321 4 5 The the DT 30321 4 6 Adductor Adductor NNP 30321 4 7 Muscles Muscles NNPS 30321 4 8 of of IN 30321 4 9 the the DT 30321 4 10 Jaw Jaw NNP 30321 4 11 In in IN 30321 4 12 Some some DT 30321 4 13 Primitive primitive JJ 30321 4 14 Reptiles reptile NNS 30321 4 15 BY by IN 30321 4 16 RICHARD RICHARD NNP 30321 4 17 C. C. NNP 30321 4 18 FOX FOX NNP 30321 4 19 UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY NNP 30321 4 20 OF of IN 30321 4 21 KANSAS KANSAS NNP 30321 4 22 LAWRENCE LAWRENCE NNP 30321 4 23 1964 1964 CD 30321 4 24 UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY NNP 30321 4 25 OF of IN 30321 4 26 KANSAS KANSAS NNP 30321 4 27 PUBLICATIONS PUBLICATIONS NNP 30321 4 28 , , , 30321 4 29 MUSEUM MUSEUM NNP 30321 4 30 OF of IN 30321 4 31 NATURAL natural JJ 30321 4 32 HISTORY HISTORY NNP 30321 4 33 Editors Editors NNPS 30321 4 34 : : : 30321 4 35 E. E. NNP 30321 4 36 Raymond Raymond NNP 30321 4 37 Hall Hall NNP 30321 4 38 , , , 30321 4 39 Chairman Chairman NNP 30321 4 40 , , , 30321 4 41 Henry Henry NNP 30321 4 42 S. S. NNP 30321 4 43 Fitch Fitch NNP 30321 4 44 , , , 30321 4 45 Theodore Theodore NNP 30321 4 46 H. H. NNP 30321 4 47 Eaton Eaton NNP 30321 4 48 , , , 30321 4 49 Jr. Jr. NNP 30321 4 50 Volume Volume NNP 30321 4 51 12 12 CD 30321 4 52 , , , 30321 4 53 No no UH 30321 4 54 . . . 30321 5 1 15 15 CD 30321 5 2 , , , 30321 5 3 pp pp NNP 30321 5 4 . . . 30321 6 1 657 657 CD 30321 6 2 - - SYM 30321 6 3 680 680 CD 30321 6 4 , , , 30321 6 5 11 11 CD 30321 6 6 figs fig NNS 30321 6 7 . . . 30321 7 1 Published Published NNP 30321 7 2 May May NNP 30321 7 3 18 18 CD 30321 7 4 , , , 30321 7 5 1964 1964 CD 30321 7 6 UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY NNP 30321 7 7 OF of IN 30321 7 8 KANSAS KANSAS NNP 30321 7 9 Lawrence Lawrence NNP 30321 7 10 , , , 30321 7 11 Kansas Kansas NNP 30321 7 12 PRINTED print VBD 30321 7 13 BY by IN 30321 7 14 HARRY HARRY NNP 30321 7 15 ( ( -LRB- 30321 7 16 BUD BUD NNP 30321 7 17 ) ) -RRB- 30321 7 18 TIMBERLAKE timberlake NN 30321 7 19 , , , 30321 7 20 STATE STATE NNP 30321 7 21 PRINTER PRINTER NNP 30321 7 22 TOPEKA TOPEKA NNP 30321 7 23 , , , 30321 7 24 KANSAS KANSAS NNP 30321 7 25 1964 1964 CD 30321 7 26 30 30 CD 30321 7 27 - - HYPH 30321 7 28 1522 1522 CD 30321 7 29 The the DT 30321 7 30 Adductor Adductor NNP 30321 7 31 Muscles Muscles NNPS 30321 7 32 of of IN 30321 7 33 the the DT 30321 7 34 Jaw Jaw NNP 30321 7 35 In in IN 30321 7 36 Some some DT 30321 7 37 Primitive primitive JJ 30321 7 38 Reptiles reptile NNS 30321 7 39 BY by IN 30321 7 40 RICHARD RICHARD NNP 30321 7 41 C. C. NNP 30321 7 42 FOX FOX NNP 30321 7 43 Information Information NNP 30321 7 44 about about IN 30321 7 45 osteological osteological JJ 30321 7 46 changes change NNS 30321 7 47 in in IN 30321 7 48 the the DT 30321 7 49 groups group NNS 30321 7 50 of of IN 30321 7 51 reptiles reptile NNS 30321 7 52 that that WDT 30321 7 53 gave give VBD 30321 7 54 rise rise NN 30321 7 55 to to IN 30321 7 56 mammals mammal NNS 30321 7 57 is be VBZ 30321 7 58 preserved preserve VBN 30321 7 59 in in IN 30321 7 60 the the DT 30321 7 61 fossil fossil NN 30321 7 62 record record NN 30321 7 63 , , , 30321 7 64 but but CC 30321 7 65 the the DT 30321 7 66 musculature musculature NN 30321 7 67 of of IN 30321 7 68 these these DT 30321 7 69 reptiles reptile NNS 30321 7 70 has have VBZ 30321 7 71 been be VBN 30321 7 72 lost lose VBN 30321 7 73 forever forever RB 30321 7 74 . . . 30321 8 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB 30321 8 2 , , , 30321 8 3 a a DT 30321 8 4 reasonably reasonably RB 30321 8 5 accurate accurate JJ 30321 8 6 picture picture NN 30321 8 7 of of IN 30321 8 8 the the DT 30321 8 9 morphology morphology NN 30321 8 10 and and CC 30321 8 11 the the DT 30321 8 12 spatial spatial JJ 30321 8 13 relationships relationship NNS 30321 8 14 of of IN 30321 8 15 the the DT 30321 8 16 muscles muscle NNS 30321 8 17 of of IN 30321 8 18 many many JJ 30321 8 19 of of IN 30321 8 20 these these DT 30321 8 21 extinct extinct JJ 30321 8 22 vertebrates vertebrate NNS 30321 8 23 can can MD 30321 8 24 be be VB 30321 8 25 inferred infer VBN 30321 8 26 by by IN 30321 8 27 studying study VBG 30321 8 28 the the DT 30321 8 29 scars scar NNS 30321 8 30 or or CC 30321 8 31 other other JJ 30321 8 32 marks mark NNS 30321 8 33 delimiting delimit VBG 30321 8 34 the the DT 30321 8 35 origins origin NNS 30321 8 36 and and CC 30321 8 37 insertions insertion NNS 30321 8 38 of of IN 30321 8 39 muscles muscle NNS 30321 8 40 on on IN 30321 8 41 the the DT 30321 8 42 skeletons skeleton NNS 30321 8 43 of of IN 30321 8 44 the the DT 30321 8 45 fossils fossil NNS 30321 8 46 and and CC 30321 8 47 by by IN 30321 8 48 studying study VBG 30321 8 49 the the DT 30321 8 50 anatomy anatomy NN 30321 8 51 of of IN 30321 8 52 Recent recent JJ 30321 8 53 genera genera NN 30321 8 54 . . . 30321 9 1 A a DT 30321 9 2 reconstruction reconstruction NN 30321 9 3 built build VBN 30321 9 4 by by IN 30321 9 5 these these DT 30321 9 6 methods method NNS 30321 9 7 is be VBZ 30321 9 8 largely largely RB 30321 9 9 speculative speculative JJ 30321 9 10 , , , 30321 9 11 especially especially RB 30321 9 12 when when WRB 30321 9 13 the the DT 30321 9 14 fossil fossil NN 30321 9 15 groups group NNS 30321 9 16 are be VBP 30321 9 17 far far RB 30321 9 18 removed remove VBN 30321 9 19 in in IN 30321 9 20 time time NN 30321 9 21 , , , 30321 9 22 kinship kinship NN 30321 9 23 and and CC 30321 9 24 morphology morphology NN 30321 9 25 from from IN 30321 9 26 Recent recent JJ 30321 9 27 kinds kind NNS 30321 9 28 , , , 30321 9 29 and and CC 30321 9 30 when when WRB 30321 9 31 distortion distortion NN 30321 9 32 , , , 30321 9 33 crushing crushing NN 30321 9 34 , , , 30321 9 35 fragmentation fragmentation NN 30321 9 36 and and CC 30321 9 37 overzealous overzealous JJ 30321 9 38 preparation preparation NN 30321 9 39 have have VBP 30321 9 40 damaged damage VBN 30321 9 41 the the DT 30321 9 42 surfaces surface NNS 30321 9 43 associated associate VBN 30321 9 44 with with IN 30321 9 45 the the DT 30321 9 46 attachment attachment NN 30321 9 47 of of IN 30321 9 48 muscles muscle NNS 30321 9 49 . . . 30321 10 1 The the DT 30321 10 2 frequent frequent JJ 30321 10 3 inadequacy inadequacy NN 30321 10 4 of of IN 30321 10 5 such such JJ 30321 10 6 direct direct JJ 30321 10 7 evidence evidence NN 30321 10 8 can can MD 30321 10 9 be be VB 30321 10 10 partially partially RB 30321 10 11 offset offset VBN 30321 10 12 by by IN 30321 10 13 considering consider VBG 30321 10 14 the the DT 30321 10 15 mechanical mechanical JJ 30321 10 16 demands demand NNS 30321 10 17 that that IN 30321 10 18 groups group NNS 30321 10 19 of of IN 30321 10 20 muscles muscle NNS 30321 10 21 must must MD 30321 10 22 meet meet VB 30321 10 23 to to TO 30321 10 24 perform perform VB 30321 10 25 a a DT 30321 10 26 particular particular JJ 30321 10 27 movement movement NN 30321 10 28 of of IN 30321 10 29 a a DT 30321 10 30 skeletal skeletal JJ 30321 10 31 member member NN 30321 10 32 . . . 30321 11 1 Both both DT 30321 11 2 direct direct JJ 30321 11 3 anatomical anatomical JJ 30321 11 4 evidence evidence NN 30321 11 5 and and CC 30321 11 6 inferred infer VBD 30321 11 7 functional functional JJ 30321 11 8 relations relation NNS 30321 11 9 were be VBD 30321 11 10 used use VBN 30321 11 11 to to TO 30321 11 12 satisfy satisfy VB 30321 11 13 the the DT 30321 11 14 purposes purpose NNS 30321 11 15 of of IN 30321 11 16 the the DT 30321 11 17 study study NN 30321 11 18 here here RB 30321 11 19 reported report VBD 30321 11 20 on on IN 30321 11 21 . . . 30321 12 1 The the DT 30321 12 2 following follow VBG 30321 12 3 account account NN 30321 12 4 reports report VBZ 30321 12 5 the the DT 30321 12 6 results result NNS 30321 12 7 of of IN 30321 12 8 my -PRON- PRP$ 30321 12 9 efforts effort NNS 30321 12 10 to to IN 30321 12 11 : : : 30321 12 12 1 1 CD 30321 12 13 , , , 30321 12 14 reconstruct reconstruct VB 30321 12 15 the the DT 30321 12 16 adductor adductor NN 30321 12 17 muscles muscle NNS 30321 12 18 of of IN 30321 12 19 the the DT 30321 12 20 mandible mandible NN 30321 12 21 in in IN 30321 12 22 _ _ NNP 30321 12 23 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 12 24 _ _ NNP 30321 12 25 and and CC 30321 12 26 _ _ NNP 30321 12 27 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 12 28 _ _ NNP 30321 12 29 ; ; : 30321 12 30 2 2 CD 30321 12 31 , , , 30321 12 32 reconstruct reconstruct VB 30321 12 33 the the DT 30321 12 34 external external JJ 30321 12 35 adductors adductor NNS 30321 12 36 of of IN 30321 12 37 the the DT 30321 12 38 mandible mandible NN 30321 12 39 in in IN 30321 12 40 the the DT 30321 12 41 cynodont cynodont NN 30321 12 42 _ _ NNP 30321 12 43 Thrinaxodon Thrinaxodon NNP 30321 12 44 _ _ NNP 30321 12 45 ; ; : 30321 12 46 and and CC 30321 12 47 3 3 CD 30321 12 48 , , , 30321 12 49 learn learn VB 30321 12 50 the the DT 30321 12 51 causes cause NNS 30321 12 52 of of IN 30321 12 53 the the DT 30321 12 54 appearance appearance NN 30321 12 55 and and CC 30321 12 56 continued continued JJ 30321 12 57 expansion expansion NN 30321 12 58 of of IN 30321 12 59 the the DT 30321 12 60 temporal temporal JJ 30321 12 61 fenestrae fenestra NNS 30321 12 62 among among IN 30321 12 63 the the DT 30321 12 64 reptilian reptilian JJ 30321 12 65 ancestors ancestor NNS 30321 12 66 of of IN 30321 12 67 mammals mammal NNS 30321 12 68 . . . 30321 13 1 The the DT 30321 13 2 osteology osteology NN 30321 13 3 of of IN 30321 13 4 these these DT 30321 13 5 three three CD 30321 13 6 genera genera NN 30321 13 7 is be VBZ 30321 13 8 comparatively comparatively RB 30321 13 9 well well RB 30321 13 10 - - HYPH 30321 13 11 known know VBN 30321 13 12 . . . 30321 14 1 Although although IN 30321 14 2 each each DT 30321 14 3 of of IN 30321 14 4 the the DT 30321 14 5 genera genera NN 30321 14 6 is be VBZ 30321 14 7 somewhat somewhat RB 30321 14 8 specialized specialized JJ 30321 14 9 , , , 30321 14 10 none none NN 30321 14 11 seems seem VBZ 30321 14 12 to to TO 30321 14 13 have have VB 30321 14 14 departed depart VBN 30321 14 15 radically radically RB 30321 14 16 from from IN 30321 14 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 30321 14 18 relatives relative NNS 30321 14 19 that that WDT 30321 14 20 comprised comprise VBD 30321 14 21 the the DT 30321 14 22 line line NN 30321 14 23 leading lead VBG 30321 14 24 to to IN 30321 14 25 mammals mammal NNS 30321 14 26 . . . 30321 15 1 I -PRON- PRP 30321 15 2 thank thank VBP 30321 15 3 Prof. Prof. NNP 30321 15 4 Theodore Theodore NNP 30321 15 5 H. H. NNP 30321 15 6 Eaton Eaton NNP 30321 15 7 , , , 30321 15 8 Jr. Jr. NNP 30321 15 9 , , , 30321 15 10 for for IN 30321 15 11 suggesting suggest VBG 30321 15 12 the the DT 30321 15 13 study study NN 30321 15 14 here here RB 30321 15 15 reported report VBD 30321 15 16 on on IN 30321 15 17 , , , 30321 15 18 for for IN 30321 15 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 30321 15 20 perceptive perceptive JJ 30321 15 21 criticisms criticism NNS 30321 15 22 regarding regard VBG 30321 15 23 it -PRON- PRP 30321 15 24 , , , 30321 15 25 and and CC 30321 15 26 for for IN 30321 15 27 his -PRON- PRP$ 30321 15 28 continued continue VBN 30321 15 29 patience patience NN 30321 15 30 throughout throughout IN 30321 15 31 my -PRON- PRP$ 30321 15 32 investigation investigation NN 30321 15 33 . . . 30321 16 1 Financial financial JJ 30321 16 2 assistance assistance NN 30321 16 3 was be VBD 30321 16 4 furnished furnish VBN 30321 16 5 by by IN 30321 16 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 30321 16 7 National National NNP 30321 16 8 Science Science NNP 30321 16 9 Foundation Foundation NNP 30321 16 10 Grant Grant NNP 30321 16 11 ( ( -LRB- 30321 16 12 NSF NSF NNP 30321 16 13 - - HYPH 30321 16 14 G8624 G8624 NNP 30321 16 15 ) ) -RRB- 30321 16 16 for for IN 30321 16 17 which which WDT 30321 16 18 I -PRON- PRP 30321 16 19 am be VBP 30321 16 20 also also RB 30321 16 21 appreciative appreciative JJ 30321 16 22 . . . 30321 17 1 I -PRON- PRP 30321 17 2 thank thank VBP 30321 17 3 Dr. Dr. NNP 30321 17 4 Rainer Rainer NNP 30321 17 5 Zangerl Zangerl NNP 30321 17 6 , , , 30321 17 7 Chief Chief NNP 30321 17 8 Curator Curator NNP 30321 17 9 of of IN 30321 17 10 Geology Geology NNP 30321 17 11 , , , 30321 17 12 Chicago Chicago NNP 30321 17 13 Museum Museum NNP 30321 17 14 of of IN 30321 17 15 Natural Natural NNP 30321 17 16 History History NNP 30321 17 17 , , , 30321 17 18 for for IN 30321 17 19 permission permission NN 30321 17 20 to to TO 30321 17 21 examine examine VB 30321 17 22 the the DT 30321 17 23 specimens specimen NNS 30321 17 24 of of IN 30321 17 25 _ _ NNP 30321 17 26 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 17 27 _ _ NNP 30321 17 28 and and CC 30321 17 29 _ _ NNP 30321 17 30 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 17 31 _ _ NNP 30321 17 32 in in IN 30321 17 33 that that DT 30321 17 34 institution institution NN 30321 17 35 . . . 30321 18 1 I -PRON- PRP 30321 18 2 am be VBP 30321 18 3 grateful grateful JJ 30321 18 4 to to IN 30321 18 5 Mr. Mr. NNP 30321 18 6 Robert Robert NNP 30321 18 7 F. F. NNP 30321 18 8 Clarke Clarke NNP 30321 18 9 , , , 30321 18 10 Assistant Assistant NNP 30321 18 11 Professor Professor NNP 30321 18 12 of of IN 30321 18 13 Biology Biology NNP 30321 18 14 , , , 30321 18 15 The the DT 30321 18 16 Kansas Kansas NNP 30321 18 17 State State NNP 30321 18 18 Teachers Teachers NNPS 30321 18 19 College College NNP 30321 18 20 , , , 30321 18 21 Emporia Emporia NNP 30321 18 22 , , , 30321 18 23 Kansas Kansas NNP 30321 18 24 , , , 30321 18 25 for for IN 30321 18 26 the the DT 30321 18 27 opportunity opportunity NN 30321 18 28 to to TO 30321 18 29 study study VB 30321 18 30 his -PRON- PRP$ 30321 18 31 specimens specimen NNS 30321 18 32 of of IN 30321 18 33 _ _ NNP 30321 18 34 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 18 35 _ _ NNP 30321 18 36 from from IN 30321 18 37 Richard Richard NNP 30321 18 38 's 's POS 30321 18 39 Spur Spur NNP 30321 18 40 , , , 30321 18 41 Oklahoma Oklahoma NNP 30321 18 42 . . . 30321 19 1 Special special JJ 30321 19 2 acknowledgment acknowledgment NN 30321 19 3 is be VBZ 30321 19 4 due due JJ 30321 19 5 Mr. Mr. NNP 30321 19 6 Merton Merton NNP 30321 19 7 C. C. NNP 30321 19 8 Bowman Bowman NNP 30321 19 9 for for IN 30321 19 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 30321 19 11 able able JJ 30321 19 12 preparation preparation NN 30321 19 13 of of IN 30321 19 14 the the DT 30321 19 15 illustrations illustration NNS 30321 19 16 . . . 30321 20 1 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 20 2 The the DT 30321 20 3 outlines outline NNS 30321 20 4 of of IN 30321 20 5 the the DT 30321 20 6 skulls skull NNS 30321 20 7 of of IN 30321 20 8 _ _ NNP 30321 20 9 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 20 10 _ _ NNP 30321 20 11 differ differ VBP 30321 20 12 considerably considerably RB 30321 20 13 from from IN 30321 20 14 those those DT 30321 20 15 of of IN 30321 20 16 the the DT 30321 20 17 skulls skull NNS 30321 20 18 of of IN 30321 20 19 the the DT 30321 20 20 primitive primitive JJ 30321 20 21 captorhinomorph captorhinomorph NN 30321 20 22 _ _ NNP 30321 20 23 Protorothyris Protorothyris NNP 30321 20 24 _ _ NNP 30321 20 25 . . . 30321 21 1 Watson Watson NNP 30321 21 2 ( ( -LRB- 30321 21 3 1954:335 1954:335 CD 30321 21 4 , , , 30321 21 5 Fig Fig NNP 30321 21 6 . . . 30321 22 1 9 9 CD 30321 22 2 ) ) -RRB- 30321 22 3 has have VBZ 30321 22 4 shown show VBN 30321 22 5 that that IN 30321 22 6 in in IN 30321 22 7 the the DT 30321 22 8 morphological morphological JJ 30321 22 9 sequence sequence NN 30321 22 10 , , , 30321 22 11 _ _ NNP 30321 22 12 Protorothyris Protorothyris NNP 30321 22 13 -- -- : 30321 22 14 Romeria Romeria NNP 30321 22 15 -- -- : 30321 22 16 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 22 17 _ _ NNP 30321 22 18 , , , 30321 22 19 there there EX 30321 22 20 has have VBZ 30321 22 21 been be VBN 30321 22 22 flattening flatten VBG 30321 22 23 and and CC 30321 22 24 rounding rounding NN 30321 22 25 of of IN 30321 22 26 the the DT 30321 22 27 skull skull NN 30321 22 28 - - HYPH 30321 22 29 roof roof NN 30321 22 30 and and CC 30321 22 31 loss loss NN 30321 22 32 of of IN 30321 22 33 the the DT 30321 22 34 primitive primitive JJ 30321 22 35 " " `` 30321 22 36 square square RB 30321 22 37 - - HYPH 30321 22 38 cut cut NN 30321 22 39 " " '' 30321 22 40 appearance appearance NN 30321 22 41 in in IN 30321 22 42 transverse transverse NNP 30321 22 43 section section NN 30321 22 44 . . . 30321 23 1 The the DT 30321 23 2 quadrates quadrate NNS 30321 23 3 in in IN 30321 23 4 _ _ NNP 30321 23 5 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 23 6 _ _ NNP 30321 23 7 are be VBP 30321 23 8 farther farth JJR 30321 23 9 from from IN 30321 23 10 the the DT 30321 23 11 midline midline NN 30321 23 12 than than IN 30321 23 13 in in IN 30321 23 14 _ _ NNP 30321 23 15 Protorothyris Protorothyris NNP 30321 23 16 _ _ NNP 30321 23 17 , , , 30321 23 18 and and CC 30321 23 19 the the DT 30321 23 20 adductor adductor NN 30321 23 21 chambers chamber NNS 30321 23 22 in in IN 30321 23 23 _ _ NNP 30321 23 24 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 23 25 _ _ NNP 30321 23 26 are be VBP 30321 23 27 considerably considerably RB 30321 23 28 wider wide JJR 30321 23 29 than than IN 30321 23 30 they -PRON- PRP 30321 23 31 were be VBD 30321 23 32 primitively primitively RB 30321 23 33 . . . 30321 24 1 Additionally additionally RB 30321 24 2 , , , 30321 24 3 the the DT 30321 24 4 postorbital postorbital JJ 30321 24 5 region region NN 30321 24 6 of of IN 30321 24 7 _ _ NNP 30321 24 8 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 24 9 _ _ NNP 30321 24 10 is be VBZ 30321 24 11 relatively relatively RB 30321 24 12 longer long JJR 30321 24 13 than than IN 30321 24 14 that that DT 30321 24 15 of of IN 30321 24 16 _ _ NNP 30321 24 17 Protorothyris Protorothyris NNP 30321 24 18 _ _ NNP 30321 24 19 , , , 30321 24 20 a a DT 30321 24 21 specialization specialization NN 30321 24 22 that that WDT 30321 24 23 has have VBZ 30321 24 24 increased increase VBN 30321 24 25 the the DT 30321 24 26 length length NN 30321 24 27 of of IN 30321 24 28 the the DT 30321 24 29 chambers chamber NNS 30321 24 30 within within RB 30321 24 31 . . . 30321 25 1 In in IN 30321 25 2 contrast contrast NN 30321 25 3 with with IN 30321 25 4 these these DT 30321 25 5 dimensional dimensional JJ 30321 25 6 changes change NNS 30321 25 7 there there EX 30321 25 8 has have VBZ 30321 25 9 been be VBN 30321 25 10 little little JJ 30321 25 11 shift shift NN 30321 25 12 in in IN 30321 25 13 the the DT 30321 25 14 pattern pattern NN 30321 25 15 of of IN 30321 25 16 the the DT 30321 25 17 dermal dermal JJ 30321 25 18 bones bone NNS 30321 25 19 that that WDT 30321 25 20 roof roof VBP 30321 25 21 the the DT 30321 25 22 adductor adductor NN 30321 25 23 chambers chamber NNS 30321 25 24 . . . 30321 26 1 The the DT 30321 26 2 most most RBS 30321 26 3 conspicuous conspicuous JJ 30321 26 4 modification modification NN 30321 26 5 in in IN 30321 26 6 _ _ NNP 30321 26 7 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 26 8 _ _ NNP 30321 26 9 is be VBZ 30321 26 10 the the DT 30321 26 11 absence absence NN 30321 26 12 of of IN 30321 26 13 the the DT 30321 26 14 tabular tabular NN 30321 26 15 . . . 30321 27 1 This this DT 30321 27 2 element element NN 30321 27 3 in in IN 30321 27 4 _ _ NNP 30321 27 5 Protorothyris Protorothyris NNP 30321 27 6 _ _ NNP 30321 27 7 was be VBD 30321 27 8 limited limit VBN 30321 27 9 to to IN 30321 27 10 the the DT 30321 27 11 occiput occiput NN 30321 27 12 and and CC 30321 27 13 rested rest VBD 30321 27 14 without without IN 30321 27 15 sutural sutural JJ 30321 27 16 attachment attachment NN 30321 27 17 upon upon IN 30321 27 18 the the DT 30321 27 19 squamosal squamosal NN 30321 27 20 ( ( -LRB- 30321 27 21 Watson Watson NNP 30321 27 22 , , , 30321 27 23 1954:338 1954:338 CD 30321 27 24 ) ) -RRB- 30321 27 25 ; ; : 30321 27 26 later later RB 30321 27 27 loss loss NN 30321 27 28 of of IN 30321 27 29 the the DT 30321 27 30 tabular tabular NN 30321 27 31 could could MD 30321 27 32 have have VB 30321 27 33 had have VBN 30321 27 34 no no DT 30321 27 35 effect effect NN 30321 27 36 upon upon IN 30321 27 37 the the DT 30321 27 38 origins origin NNS 30321 27 39 of of IN 30321 27 40 muscles muscle NNS 30321 27 41 from from IN 30321 27 42 inside inside IN 30321 27 43 the the DT 30321 27 44 skull skull NN 30321 27 45 roof roof NN 30321 27 46 . . . 30321 28 1 Changes change NNS 30321 28 2 in in IN 30321 28 3 pattern pattern NN 30321 28 4 that that WDT 30321 28 5 may may MD 30321 28 6 have have VB 30321 28 7 modified modify VBN 30321 28 8 the the DT 30321 28 9 origin origin NN 30321 28 10 of of IN 30321 28 11 the the DT 30321 28 12 adductors adductor NNS 30321 28 13 in in IN 30321 28 14 _ _ NNP 30321 28 15 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 28 16 _ _ NNP 30321 28 17 were be VBD 30321 28 18 correlated correlate VBN 30321 28 19 with with IN 30321 28 20 the the DT 30321 28 21 increase increase NN 30321 28 22 in in IN 30321 28 23 length length NN 30321 28 24 of of IN 30321 28 25 the the DT 30321 28 26 parietals parietal NNS 30321 28 27 and and CC 30321 28 28 the the DT 30321 28 29 reduction reduction NN 30321 28 30 of of IN 30321 28 31 the the DT 30321 28 32 supratemporals supratemporal NNS 30321 28 33 . . . 30321 29 1 Other other JJ 30321 29 2 changes change NNS 30321 29 3 that that WDT 30321 29 4 were be VBD 30321 29 5 related relate VBN 30321 29 6 to to IN 30321 29 7 the the DT 30321 29 8 departure departure NN 30321 29 9 from from IN 30321 29 10 the the DT 30321 29 11 primitive primitive JJ 30321 29 12 romeriid romeriid JJ 30321 29 13 condition condition NN 30321 29 14 of of IN 30321 29 15 the the DT 30321 29 16 adductors adductor NNS 30321 29 17 included include VBD 30321 29 18 the the DT 30321 29 19 development development NN 30321 29 20 of of IN 30321 29 21 a a DT 30321 29 22 coronoid coronoid NN 30321 29 23 process process NN 30321 29 24 , , , 30321 29 25 the the DT 30321 29 26 flattening flattening NN 30321 29 27 of of IN 30321 29 28 the the DT 30321 29 29 quadrate quadrate JJ 30321 29 30 - - HYPH 30321 29 31 articular articular JJ 30321 29 32 joint joint NN 30321 29 33 , , , 30321 29 34 and and CC 30321 29 35 the the DT 30321 29 36 development development NN 30321 29 37 of of IN 30321 29 38 the the DT 30321 29 39 peculiar peculiar JJ 30321 29 40 dentition dentition NN 30321 29 41 of of IN 30321 29 42 _ _ NNP 30321 29 43 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 29 44 _ _ NNP 30321 29 45 . . . 30321 30 1 The the DT 30321 30 2 adductor adductor NN 30321 30 3 chambers chamber NNS 30321 30 4 of of IN 30321 30 5 _ _ NNP 30321 30 6 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 30 7 _ _ NNP 30321 30 8 are be VBP 30321 30 9 large large JJ 30321 30 10 . . . 30321 31 1 They -PRON- PRP 30321 31 2 are be VBP 30321 31 3 covered cover VBN 30321 31 4 dorsally dorsally RB 30321 31 5 and and CC 30321 31 6 laterally laterally RB 30321 31 7 by by IN 30321 31 8 the the DT 30321 31 9 parietal parietal NN 30321 31 10 , , , 30321 31 11 squamosal squamosal NN 30321 31 12 , , , 30321 31 13 postfrontal postfrontal JJ 30321 31 14 , , , 30321 31 15 postorbital postorbital JJ 30321 31 16 , , , 30321 31 17 quadratojugal quadratojugal NNP 30321 31 18 and and CC 30321 31 19 jugal jugal NNP 30321 31 20 bones bone NNS 30321 31 21 . . . 30321 32 1 The the DT 30321 32 2 chamber chamber NN 30321 32 3 extends extend VBZ 30321 32 4 medially medially RB 30321 32 5 to to IN 30321 32 6 the the DT 30321 32 7 braincase braincase NN 30321 32 8 , , , 30321 32 9 but but CC 30321 32 10 is be VBZ 30321 32 11 not not RB 30321 32 12 limited limit VBN 30321 32 13 anteriorly anteriorly RB 30321 32 14 by by IN 30321 32 15 a a DT 30321 32 16 bony bony NN 30321 32 17 wall wall NN 30321 32 18 . . . 30321 33 1 The the DT 30321 33 2 occiput occiput NN 30321 33 3 provides provide VBZ 30321 33 4 the the DT 30321 33 5 posterior posterior NN 30321 33 6 limit limit NN 30321 33 7 . . . 30321 34 1 The the DT 30321 34 2 greater great JJR 30321 34 3 part part NN 30321 34 4 of of IN 30321 34 5 the the DT 30321 34 6 adductor adductor NN 30321 34 7 chambers chamber NNS 30321 34 8 lies lie VBZ 30321 34 9 mediad mediad NNS 30321 34 10 of of IN 30321 34 11 the the DT 30321 34 12 mandibles mandible NNS 30321 34 13 and and CC 30321 34 14 thus thus RB 30321 34 15 of of IN 30321 34 16 the the DT 30321 34 17 Meckelian meckelian JJ 30321 34 18 fossae fossae NN 30321 34 19 ; ; : 30321 34 20 consequently consequently RB 30321 34 21 the the DT 30321 34 22 muscles muscle NNS 30321 34 23 that that WDT 30321 34 24 arise arise VBP 30321 34 25 from from IN 30321 34 26 the the DT 30321 34 27 dermal dermal JJ 30321 34 28 roof roof NN 30321 34 29 pass pass VB 30321 34 30 downward downward RB 30321 34 31 and and CC 30321 34 32 outward outward RB 30321 34 33 to to IN 30321 34 34 their -PRON- PRP$ 30321 34 35 insertion insertion NN 30321 34 36 on on IN 30321 34 37 the the DT 30321 34 38 mandibular mandibular JJ 30321 34 39 rami rami NN 30321 34 40 . . . 30321 35 1 _ _ NNP 30321 35 2 Mandible Mandible NNP 30321 35 3 _ _ NNP 30321 35 4 The the DT 30321 35 5 mandibular mandibular JJ 30321 35 6 rami rami NN 30321 35 7 of of IN 30321 35 8 _ _ NNP 30321 35 9 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 35 10 _ _ NNP 30321 35 11 are be VBP 30321 35 12 strongly strongly RB 30321 35 13 constructed construct VBN 30321 35 14 . . . 30321 36 1 Each each DT 30321 36 2 ramus ramus NN 30321 36 3 is be VBZ 30321 36 4 slightly slightly RB 30321 36 5 convex convex NNS 30321 36 6 in in IN 30321 36 7 lateral lateral JJ 30321 36 8 outline outline NN 30321 36 9 . . . 30321 37 1 Approximately approximately RB 30321 37 2 the the DT 30321 37 3 anterior anterior JJ 30321 37 4 half half NN 30321 37 5 of of IN 30321 37 6 each each DT 30321 37 7 ramus ramus NN 30321 37 8 lies lie VBZ 30321 37 9 beneath beneath IN 30321 37 10 the the DT 30321 37 11 tooth tooth NN 30321 37 12 - - HYPH 30321 37 13 row row NN 30321 37 14 . . . 30321 38 1 This this DT 30321 38 2 half half NN 30321 38 3 is be VBZ 30321 38 4 roughly roughly RB 30321 38 5 wedge wedge NN 30321 38 6 - - HYPH 30321 38 7 shaped shape VBN 30321 38 8 in in IN 30321 38 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 30321 38 10 lateral lateral JJ 30321 38 11 aspect aspect NN 30321 38 12 , , , 30321 38 13 reaching reach VBG 30321 38 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 30321 38 15 greatest great JJS 30321 38 16 height height NN 30321 38 17 beneath beneath IN 30321 38 18 the the DT 30321 38 19 short short JJ 30321 38 20 posterior posterior NN 30321 38 21 teeth tooth NNS 30321 38 22 . . . 30321 39 1 The the DT 30321 39 2 posterior posterior JJ 30321 39 3 half half NN 30321 39 4 of of IN 30321 39 5 each each DT 30321 39 6 ramus ramus NN 30321 39 7 is be VBZ 30321 39 8 not not RB 30321 39 9 directly directly RB 30321 39 10 involved involve VBN 30321 39 11 in in IN 30321 39 12 supporting support VBG 30321 39 13 the the DT 30321 39 14 teeth tooth NNS 30321 39 15 , , , 30321 39 16 but but CC 30321 39 17 is be VBZ 30321 39 18 associated associate VBN 30321 39 19 with with IN 30321 39 20 the the DT 30321 39 21 adductor adductor NN 30321 39 22 musculature musculature NN 30321 39 23 and and CC 30321 39 24 the the DT 30321 39 25 articulation articulation NN 30321 39 26 of of IN 30321 39 27 the the DT 30321 39 28 ramus ramus NN 30321 39 29 with with IN 30321 39 30 the the DT 30321 39 31 quadrate quadrate NN 30321 39 32 . . . 30321 40 1 The the DT 30321 40 2 ventral ventral JJ 30321 40 3 margin margin NN 30321 40 4 of of IN 30321 40 5 this this DT 30321 40 6 part part NN 30321 40 7 of of IN 30321 40 8 the the DT 30321 40 9 ramus ramus NN 30321 40 10 curves curve VBZ 30321 40 11 dorsally dorsally RB 30321 40 12 in in IN 30321 40 13 a a DT 30321 40 14 gentle gentle JJ 30321 40 15 arc arc NN 30321 40 16 that that WDT 30321 40 17 terminates terminate VBZ 30321 40 18 posteriorly posteriorly RB 30321 40 19 at at IN 30321 40 20 the the DT 30321 40 21 base base NN 30321 40 22 of of IN 30321 40 23 the the DT 30321 40 24 retroarticular retroarticular JJ 30321 40 25 process process NN 30321 40 26 . . . 30321 41 1 The the DT 30321 41 2 dorsal dorsal NN 30321 41 3 margin margin NN 30321 41 4 in in IN 30321 41 5 contrast contrast NN 30321 41 6 sweeps sweep VBZ 30321 41 7 sharply sharply RB 30321 41 8 upward upward RB 30321 41 9 behind behind IN 30321 41 10 the the DT 30321 41 11 teeth tooth NNS 30321 41 12 and and CC 30321 41 13 continues continue VBZ 30321 41 14 posteriorly posteriorly RB 30321 41 15 in in IN 30321 41 16 a a DT 30321 41 17 long long JJ 30321 41 18 , , , 30321 41 19 low low JJ 30321 41 20 , , , 30321 41 21 truncated truncate VBN 30321 41 22 coronoid coronoid NN 30321 41 23 process process NN 30321 41 24 . . . 30321 42 1 A a DT 30321 42 2 prominent prominent JJ 30321 42 3 coronoid coronoid NN 30321 42 4 process process NN 30321 42 5 is be VBZ 30321 42 6 not not RB 30321 42 7 found find VBN 30321 42 8 among among IN 30321 42 9 the the DT 30321 42 10 more more RBR 30321 42 11 primitive primitive JJ 30321 42 12 members member NNS 30321 42 13 of of IN 30321 42 14 the the DT 30321 42 15 suborder suborder NN 30321 42 16 , , , 30321 42 17 such such JJ 30321 42 18 as as IN 30321 42 19 _ _ NNP 30321 42 20 Limnoscelis Limnoscelis NNP 30321 42 21 _ _ NNP 30321 42 22 , , , 30321 42 23 although although IN 30321 42 24 the the DT 30321 42 25 mandible mandible JJ 30321 42 26 commonly commonly RB 30321 42 27 curves curve VBZ 30321 42 28 upward upward RB 30321 42 29 behind behind IN 30321 42 30 the the DT 30321 42 31 tooth tooth NN 30321 42 32 - - HYPH 30321 42 33 row row NN 30321 42 34 in in IN 30321 42 35 that that DT 30321 42 36 genus genus NN 30321 42 37 . . . 30321 43 1 This this DT 30321 43 2 area area NN 30321 43 3 in in IN 30321 43 4 _ _ NNP 30321 43 5 Limnoscelis Limnoscelis NNP 30321 43 6 _ _ NNP 30321 43 7 is be VBZ 30321 43 8 overlapped overlap VBN 30321 43 9 by by IN 30321 43 10 the the DT 30321 43 11 cheek cheek NN 30321 43 12 when when WRB 30321 43 13 the the DT 30321 43 14 jaw jaw NN 30321 43 15 is be VBZ 30321 43 16 fully fully RB 30321 43 17 adducted adduct VBN 30321 43 18 ( ( -LRB- 30321 43 19 Romer Romer NNP 30321 43 20 , , , 30321 43 21 1956:494 1956:494 CD 30321 43 22 , , , 30321 43 23 Fig Fig NNP 30321 43 24 . . . 30321 44 1 213 213 CD 30321 44 2 ) ) -RRB- 30321 44 3 , , , 30321 44 4 thereby thereby RB 30321 44 5 foreshadowing foreshadow VBG 30321 44 6 the the DT 30321 44 7 more more RBR 30321 44 8 extreme extreme JJ 30321 44 9 condition condition NN 30321 44 10 in in IN 30321 44 11 _ _ NNP 30321 44 12 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 44 13 _ _ NNP 30321 44 14 . . . 30321 45 1 The the DT 30321 45 2 coronoid coronoid NN 30321 45 3 process process NN 30321 45 4 in in IN 30321 45 5 _ _ NNP 30321 45 6 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 45 7 _ _ NNP 30321 45 8 is be VBZ 30321 45 9 not not RB 30321 45 10 oriented orient VBN 30321 45 11 vertically vertically RB 30321 45 12 , , , 30321 45 13 but but CC 30321 45 14 slopes slope NNS 30321 45 15 inward inward RB 30321 45 16 toward toward IN 30321 45 17 the the DT 30321 45 18 midline midline NN 30321 45 19 at at IN 30321 45 20 approximately approximately RB 30321 45 21 45 45 CD 30321 45 22 degrees degree NNS 30321 45 23 , , , 30321 45 24 effectively effectively RB 30321 45 25 roofing roof VBG 30321 45 26 the the DT 30321 45 27 Meckelian meckelian JJ 30321 45 28 fossa fossa NN 30321 45 29 and and CC 30321 45 30 limiting limit VBG 30321 45 31 its -PRON- PRP$ 30321 45 32 opening opening NN 30321 45 33 to to IN 30321 45 34 the the DT 30321 45 35 median median JJ 30321 45 36 surface surface NN 30321 45 37 of of IN 30321 45 38 each each DT 30321 45 39 ramus ramus NN 30321 45 40 . . . 30321 46 1 When when WRB 30321 46 2 the the DT 30321 46 3 jaw jaw NN 30321 46 4 was be VBD 30321 46 5 adducted adduct VBN 30321 46 6 , , , 30321 46 7 the the DT 30321 46 8 coronoid coronoid NN 30321 46 9 process process NN 30321 46 10 moved move VBD 30321 46 11 upward upward RB 30321 46 12 and and CC 30321 46 13 inside inside IN 30321 46 14 the the DT 30321 46 15 cheek cheek NN 30321 46 16 . . . 30321 47 1 A a DT 30321 47 2 space space NN 30321 47 3 persisted persist VBN 30321 47 4 between between IN 30321 47 5 the the DT 30321 47 6 process process NN 30321 47 7 and and CC 30321 47 8 the the DT 30321 47 9 cheek cheek NN 30321 47 10 because because IN 30321 47 11 the the DT 30321 47 12 process process NN 30321 47 13 sloped slope VBD 30321 47 14 obliquely obliquely RB 30321 47 15 away away RB 30321 47 16 from from IN 30321 47 17 the the DT 30321 47 18 cheek cheek NN 30321 47 19 and and CC 30321 47 20 toward toward IN 30321 47 21 the the DT 30321 47 22 midline midline NN 30321 47 23 of of IN 30321 47 24 the the DT 30321 47 25 skull skull NN 30321 47 26 . . . 30321 48 1 The the DT 30321 48 2 external external JJ 30321 48 3 surface surface NN 30321 48 4 of of IN 30321 48 5 the the DT 30321 48 6 process process NN 30321 48 7 presented present VBD 30321 48 8 an an DT 30321 48 9 area area NN 30321 48 10 of of IN 30321 48 11 attachment attachment NN 30321 48 12 for for IN 30321 48 13 muscles muscle NNS 30321 48 14 arising arise VBG 30321 48 15 from from IN 30321 48 16 the the DT 30321 48 17 apposing apposing JJ 30321 48 18 internal internal JJ 30321 48 19 surface surface NN 30321 48 20 of of IN 30321 48 21 the the DT 30321 48 22 cheek cheek NN 30321 48 23 . . . 30321 49 1 _ _ NNP 30321 49 2 Palate Palate NNP 30321 49 3 _ _ NNP 30321 49 4 The the DT 30321 49 5 palate palate NN 30321 49 6 of of IN 30321 49 7 _ _ NNP 30321 49 8 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 49 9 _ _ NNP 30321 49 10 is be VBZ 30321 49 11 of of IN 30321 49 12 the the DT 30321 49 13 generalized generalize VBN 30321 49 14 rhynchocephalian rhynchocephalian JJ 30321 49 15 type type NN 30321 49 16 ( ( -LRB- 30321 49 17 Romer Romer NNP 30321 49 18 , , , 30321 49 19 1956:71 1956:71 CD 30321 49 20 ) ) -RRB- 30321 49 21 . . . 30321 50 1 In in IN 30321 50 2 _ _ NNP 30321 50 3 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 50 4 _ _ NNP 30321 50 5 the the DT 30321 50 6 pterygoids pterygoid NNS 30321 50 7 and and CC 30321 50 8 palatines palatine NNS 30321 50 9 are be VBP 30321 50 10 markedly markedly RB 30321 50 11 arched arch VBN 30321 50 12 and and CC 30321 50 13 the the DT 30321 50 14 relatively relatively RB 30321 50 15 large large JJ 30321 50 16 pterygoid pterygoid JJ 30321 50 17 flange flange NN 30321 50 18 lies lie VBZ 30321 50 19 almost almost RB 30321 50 20 entirely entirely RB 30321 50 21 below below IN 30321 50 22 the the DT 30321 50 23 lower low JJR 30321 50 24 border border NN 30321 50 25 of of IN 30321 50 26 the the DT 30321 50 27 cheek cheek NN 30321 50 28 . . . 30321 51 1 The the DT 30321 51 2 lateral lateral JJ 30321 51 3 edge edge NN 30321 51 4 of of IN 30321 51 5 the the DT 30321 51 6 flange flange NN 30321 51 7 passes pass VBZ 30321 51 8 obliquely obliquely RB 30321 51 9 across across IN 30321 51 10 the the DT 30321 51 11 anterior anterior NNP 30321 51 12 lip lip NN 30321 51 13 of of IN 30321 51 14 the the DT 30321 51 15 Meckelian meckelian JJ 30321 51 16 fossa fossa NN 30321 51 17 and and CC 30321 51 18 abuts abut NNS 30321 51 19 against against IN 30321 51 20 the the DT 30321 51 21 bottom bottom JJ 30321 51 22 lip lip NN 30321 51 23 of of IN 30321 51 24 the the DT 30321 51 25 fossa fossa NN 30321 51 26 when when WRB 30321 51 27 the the DT 30321 51 28 jaw jaw NN 30321 51 29 is be VBZ 30321 51 30 closed close VBN 30321 51 31 . . . 30321 52 1 The the DT 30321 52 2 palatines palatine NNS 30321 52 3 articulate articulate VBP 30321 52 4 laterally laterally RB 30321 52 5 with with IN 30321 52 6 the the DT 30321 52 7 maxillary maxillary JJ 30321 52 8 bones bone NNS 30321 52 9 by by IN 30321 52 10 means mean NNS 30321 52 11 of of IN 30321 52 12 a a DT 30321 52 13 groove groove NN 30321 52 14 that that WDT 30321 52 15 fits fit VBZ 30321 52 16 over over IN 30321 52 17 a a DT 30321 52 18 maxillary maxillary JJ 30321 52 19 ridge ridge NN 30321 52 20 . . . 30321 53 1 This this DT 30321 53 2 presumably presumably RB 30321 53 3 allowed allow VBD 30321 53 4 the the DT 30321 53 5 halves half NNS 30321 53 6 of of IN 30321 53 7 the the DT 30321 53 8 palate palate NN 30321 53 9 to to TO 30321 53 10 move move VB 30321 53 11 up up RB 30321 53 12 and and CC 30321 53 13 down down RB 30321 53 14 rather rather RB 30321 53 15 freely freely RB 30321 53 16 . . . 30321 54 1 The the DT 30321 54 2 greatest great JJS 30321 54 3 amplitude amplitude NN 30321 54 4 of of IN 30321 54 5 movement movement NN 30321 54 6 was be VBD 30321 54 7 at at IN 30321 54 8 the the DT 30321 54 9 midline midline NN 30321 54 10 . . . 30321 55 1 Anteroposterior anteroposterior JJ 30321 55 2 sliding slide VBG 30321 55 3 of of IN 30321 55 4 the the DT 30321 55 5 palate palate NN 30321 55 6 seems seem VBZ 30321 55 7 impossible impossible JJ 30321 55 8 in in IN 30321 55 9 view view NN 30321 55 10 of of IN 30321 55 11 the the DT 30321 55 12 firm firm JJ 30321 55 13 palatoquadrate palatoquadrate NN 30321 55 14 and and CC 30321 55 15 quadrate quadrate JJ 30321 55 16 - - HYPH 30321 55 17 quadratojugal quadratojugal JJ 30321 55 18 articulations articulation NNS 30321 55 19 . . . 30321 56 1 The the DT 30321 56 2 subtemporal subtemporal JJ 30321 56 3 fossa fossa NN 30321 56 4 is be VBZ 30321 56 5 essentially essentially RB 30321 56 6 triangular triangular JJ 30321 56 7 , , , 30321 56 8 and and CC 30321 56 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 30321 56 10 broad broad JJ 30321 56 11 end end NN 30321 56 12 is be VBZ 30321 56 13 bounded bound VBN 30321 56 14 anteriorly anteriorly RB 30321 56 15 by by IN 30321 56 16 the the DT 30321 56 17 pterygoid pterygoid JJ 30321 56 18 flange flange NN 30321 56 19 . . . 30321 57 1 The the DT 30321 57 2 fossa fossa NN 30321 57 3 is be VBZ 30321 57 4 lateral lateral JJ 30321 57 5 to to IN 30321 57 6 much much JJ 30321 57 7 of of IN 30321 57 8 the the DT 30321 57 9 adductor adductor NN 30321 57 10 chamber chamber NN 30321 57 11 ; ; : 30321 57 12 consequently consequently RB 30321 57 13 muscles muscle NNS 30321 57 14 arising arise VBG 30321 57 15 from from IN 30321 57 16 the the DT 30321 57 17 parietals parietal NNS 30321 57 18 passed pass VBD 30321 57 19 ventrolaterally ventrolaterally RB 30321 57 20 , , , 30321 57 21 parallel parallel JJ 30321 57 22 to to IN 30321 57 23 the the DT 30321 57 24 oblique oblique NNP 30321 57 25 quadrate quadrate NNP 30321 57 26 ramus ramus NNP 30321 57 27 of of IN 30321 57 28 the the DT 30321 57 29 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 57 30 , , , 30321 57 31 to to IN 30321 57 32 their -PRON- PRP$ 30321 57 33 attachment attachment NN 30321 57 34 on on IN 30321 57 35 the the DT 30321 57 36 mandible mandible NN 30321 57 37 . . . 30321 58 1 _ _ NNP 30321 58 2 Musculature Musculature NNP 30321 58 3 _ _ NNP 30321 58 4 These these DT 30321 58 5 osteological osteological JJ 30321 58 6 features feature NNS 30321 58 7 indicate indicate VBP 30321 58 8 that that IN 30321 58 9 the the DT 30321 58 10 adductor adductor NN 30321 58 11 muscles muscle NNS 30321 58 12 of of IN 30321 58 13 the the DT 30321 58 14 jaw jaw NN 30321 58 15 in in IN 30321 58 16 _ _ NNP 30321 58 17 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 58 18 _ _ NNP 30321 58 19 consisted consist VBD 30321 58 20 of of IN 30321 58 21 two two CD 30321 58 22 primary primary JJ 30321 58 23 masses masse NNS 30321 58 24 ( ( -LRB- 30321 58 25 Figs fig NNS 30321 58 26 . . . 30321 59 1 1 1 CD 30321 59 2 , , , 30321 59 3 2 2 CD 30321 59 4 , , , 30321 59 5 3 3 CD 30321 59 6 ) ) -RRB- 30321 59 7 . . . 30321 60 1 The the DT 30321 60 2 first first JJ 30321 60 3 of of IN 30321 60 4 these these DT 30321 60 5 , , , 30321 60 6 the the DT 30321 60 7 capitimandibularis capitimandibularis NN 30321 60 8 , , , 30321 60 9 arose arise VBD 30321 60 10 from from IN 30321 60 11 the the DT 30321 60 12 internal internal JJ 30321 60 13 surface surface NN 30321 60 14 of of IN 30321 60 15 the the DT 30321 60 16 cheek cheek NN 30321 60 17 and and CC 30321 60 18 roof roof NN 30321 60 19 of of IN 30321 60 20 the the DT 30321 60 21 skull skull NN 30321 60 22 and and CC 30321 60 23 inserted insert VBN 30321 60 24 on on IN 30321 60 25 the the DT 30321 60 26 bones bone NNS 30321 60 27 of of IN 30321 60 28 the the DT 30321 60 29 lower low JJR 30321 60 30 jaw jaw NN 30321 60 31 that that WDT 30321 60 32 form form VBP 30321 60 33 the the DT 30321 60 34 Meckelian meckelian JJ 30321 60 35 canal canal NN 30321 60 36 and and CC 30321 60 37 the the DT 30321 60 38 coronoid coronoid NN 30321 60 39 process process NN 30321 60 40 . . . 30321 61 1 [ [ -LRB- 30321 61 2 Illustration illustration NN 30321 61 3 : : : 30321 61 4 FIG FIG NNP 30321 61 5 . . . 30321 62 1 1 1 LS 30321 62 2 . . . 30321 63 1 _ _ NNP 30321 63 2 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 63 3 . . . 30321 63 4 _ _ NNP 30321 63 5 Internal internal JJ 30321 63 6 aspect aspect NN 30321 63 7 of of IN 30321 63 8 skull skull NN 30321 63 9 , , , 30321 63 10 showing show VBG 30321 63 11 masseter masseter NN 30321 63 12 , , , 30321 63 13 medial medial JJ 30321 63 14 adductor adductor NN 30321 63 15 , , , 30321 63 16 and and CC 30321 63 17 temporal temporal JJ 30321 63 18 muscles muscle NNS 30321 63 19 . . . 30321 64 1 Unnumbered Unnumbered NNP 30321 64 2 specimen speciman NNS 30321 64 3 , , , 30321 64 4 coll coll NN 30321 64 5 . . . 30321 65 1 of of IN 30321 65 2 Robert Robert NNP 30321 65 3 F. F. NNP 30321 65 4 Clarke Clarke NNP 30321 65 5 . . . 30321 66 1 Richard Richard NNP 30321 66 2 's 's POS 30321 66 3 Spur Spur NNP 30321 66 4 , , , 30321 66 5 Oklahoma Oklahoma NNP 30321 66 6 . . . 30321 67 1 × × UH 30321 67 2 2 2 CD 30321 67 3 . . . 30321 67 4 ] ] -RRB- 30321 68 1 [ [ -LRB- 30321 68 2 Illustration illustration NN 30321 68 3 : : : 30321 68 4 FIG FIG NNP 30321 68 5 . . . 30321 69 1 2 2 LS 30321 69 2 . . . 30321 70 1 _ _ NNP 30321 70 2 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 70 3 . . . 30321 70 4 _ _ NNP 30321 70 5 Internal internal JJ 30321 70 6 aspect aspect NN 30321 70 7 of of IN 30321 70 8 skull skull NN 30321 70 9 , , , 30321 70 10 showing show VBG 30321 70 11 anterior anterior NN 30321 70 12 and and CC 30321 70 13 posterior posterior JJ 30321 70 14 pterygoid pterygoid JJ 30321 70 15 muscles muscle NNS 30321 70 16 . . . 30321 71 1 Same same JJ 30321 71 2 specimen speciman NNS 30321 71 3 shown show VBN 30321 71 4 in in IN 30321 71 5 Fig Fig NNP 30321 71 6 . . . 30321 72 1 1 1 LS 30321 72 2 . . . 30321 73 1 × × UH 30321 73 2 2 2 CD 30321 73 3 . . . 30321 73 4 ] ] -RRB- 30321 74 1 The the DT 30321 74 2 muscle muscle NN 30321 74 3 was be VBD 30321 74 4 probably probably RB 30321 74 5 divided divide VBN 30321 74 6 into into IN 30321 74 7 a a DT 30321 74 8 major major JJ 30321 74 9 medial medial JJ 30321 74 10 mass mass NN 30321 74 11 , , , 30321 74 12 the the DT 30321 74 13 temporal temporal JJ 30321 74 14 , , , 30321 74 15 and and CC 30321 74 16 a a DT 30321 74 17 lesser less JJR 30321 74 18 , , , 30321 74 19 sheetlike sheetlike NNP 30321 74 20 lateral lateral JJ 30321 74 21 mass mass NN 30321 74 22 , , , 30321 74 23 the the DT 30321 74 24 masseter masseter NN 30321 74 25 . . . 30321 75 1 The the DT 30321 75 2 temporal temporal JJ 30321 75 3 was be VBD 30321 75 4 the the DT 30321 75 5 largest large JJS 30321 75 6 of of IN 30321 75 7 the the DT 30321 75 8 adductors adductor NNS 30321 75 9 and and CC 30321 75 10 arose arise VBD 30321 75 11 from from IN 30321 75 12 the the DT 30321 75 13 lateral lateral JJ 30321 75 14 parts part NNS 30321 75 15 of of IN 30321 75 16 the the DT 30321 75 17 parietal parietal NN 30321 75 18 , , , 30321 75 19 the the DT 30321 75 20 dorsal dorsal NN 30321 75 21 parts part NNS 30321 75 22 of of IN 30321 75 23 the the DT 30321 75 24 postorbital postorbital NN 30321 75 25 , , , 30321 75 26 the the DT 30321 75 27 most most RBS 30321 75 28 posterior posterior JJ 30321 75 29 extent extent NN 30321 75 30 of of IN 30321 75 31 the the DT 30321 75 32 postfrontal postfrontal NN 30321 75 33 , , , 30321 75 34 and and CC 30321 75 35 the the DT 30321 75 36 upper upper JJ 30321 75 37 parts part NNS 30321 75 38 of of IN 30321 75 39 the the DT 30321 75 40 squamosal squamosal NN 30321 75 41 . . . 30321 76 1 The the DT 30321 76 2 muscle muscle NN 30321 76 3 may may MD 30321 76 4 have have VB 30321 76 5 been be VBN 30321 76 6 further further RB 30321 76 7 subdivided subdivide VBN 30321 76 8 , , , 30321 76 9 but but CC 30321 76 10 evidence evidence NN 30321 76 11 for for IN 30321 76 12 subordinate subordinate JJ 30321 76 13 slips slip NNS 30321 76 14 is be VBZ 30321 76 15 lacking lack VBG 30321 76 16 . . . 30321 77 1 The the DT 30321 77 2 fibers fiber NNS 30321 77 3 of of IN 30321 77 4 this this DT 30321 77 5 mass mass NN 30321 77 6 were be VBD 30321 77 7 nearly nearly RB 30321 77 8 vertically vertically RB 30321 77 9 oriented orient VBN 30321 77 10 in in IN 30321 77 11 lateral lateral JJ 30321 77 12 aspect aspect NN 30321 77 13 since since IN 30321 77 14 the the DT 30321 77 15 parts part NNS 30321 77 16 of of IN 30321 77 17 the the DT 30321 77 18 ramus ramus NN 30321 77 19 that that WDT 30321 77 20 are be VBP 30321 77 21 available available JJ 30321 77 22 for for IN 30321 77 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 30321 77 24 insertion insertion NN 30321 77 25 lie lie VBP 30321 77 26 within within IN 30321 77 27 the the DT 30321 77 28 anteroposterior anteroposterior JJ 30321 77 29 extent extent NN 30321 77 30 of of IN 30321 77 31 the the DT 30321 77 32 adductor adductor NN 30321 77 33 chamber chamber NN 30321 77 34 . . . 30321 78 1 In in IN 30321 78 2 anterior anterior NN 30321 78 3 aspect aspect VBP 30321 78 4 the the DT 30321 78 5 fibers fiber NNS 30321 78 6 were be VBD 30321 78 7 obliquely obliquely RB 30321 78 8 oriented orient VBN 30321 78 9 , , , 30321 78 10 since since IN 30321 78 11 the the DT 30321 78 12 jaw jaw NN 30321 78 13 and and CC 30321 78 14 subtemporal subtemporal JJ 30321 78 15 fossa fossa NN 30321 78 16 are be VBP 30321 78 17 lateral lateral JJ 30321 78 18 to to IN 30321 78 19 much much JJ 30321 78 20 of of IN 30321 78 21 the the DT 30321 78 22 skull skull NN 30321 78 23 - - HYPH 30321 78 24 roof roof NN 30321 78 25 from from IN 30321 78 26 which which WDT 30321 78 27 the the DT 30321 78 28 fibers fiber NNS 30321 78 29 arose arise VBD 30321 78 30 . . . 30321 79 1 The the DT 30321 79 2 masseter masseter NN 30321 79 3 probably probably RB 30321 79 4 arose arise VBD 30321 79 5 from from IN 30321 79 6 the the DT 30321 79 7 quadratojugal quadratojugal NNP 30321 79 8 , , , 30321 79 9 the the DT 30321 79 10 jugal jugal NN 30321 79 11 , , , 30321 79 12 and and CC 30321 79 13 ventral ventral JJ 30321 79 14 parts part NNS 30321 79 15 of of IN 30321 79 16 the the DT 30321 79 17 squamosal squamosal NN 30321 79 18 , , , 30321 79 19 although although IN 30321 79 20 scars scar NNS 30321 79 21 on on IN 30321 79 22 the the DT 30321 79 23 quadratojugal quadratojugal NNP 30321 79 24 and and CC 30321 79 25 jugal jugal NNP 30321 79 26 are be VBP 30321 79 27 lacking lack VBG 30321 79 28 . . . 30321 80 1 The the DT 30321 80 2 squamosal squamosal NN 30321 80 3 bears bear VBZ 30321 80 4 an an DT 30321 80 5 indistinct indistinct JJ 30321 80 6 , , , 30321 80 7 gently gently RB 30321 80 8 curved curved JJ 30321 80 9 ridge ridge NNP 30321 80 10 , , , 30321 80 11 passing pass VBG 30321 80 12 upward upward RB 30321 80 13 and and CC 30321 80 14 forward forward RB 30321 80 15 from from IN 30321 80 16 the the DT 30321 80 17 posteroventral posteroventral JJ 30321 80 18 corner corner NN 30321 80 19 of of IN 30321 80 20 the the DT 30321 80 21 bone bone NN 30321 80 22 and and CC 30321 80 23 paralleling parallel VBG 30321 80 24 the the DT 30321 80 25 articulation articulation NN 30321 80 26 of of IN 30321 80 27 the the DT 30321 80 28 squamosal squamosal NN 30321 80 29 with with IN 30321 80 30 the the DT 30321 80 31 parietal parietal NN 30321 80 32 . . . 30321 81 1 This this DT 30321 81 2 ridge ridge NN 30321 81 3 presumably presumably RB 30321 81 4 marks mark VBZ 30321 81 5 the the DT 30321 81 6 upper upper JJ 30321 81 7 limits limit NNS 30321 81 8 of of IN 30321 81 9 the the DT 30321 81 10 origin origin NN 30321 81 11 of of IN 30321 81 12 the the DT 30321 81 13 masseter masseter NN 30321 81 14 from from IN 30321 81 15 the the DT 30321 81 16 squamosal squamosal NN 30321 81 17 . . . 30321 82 1 [ [ -LRB- 30321 82 2 Illustration illustration NN 30321 82 3 : : : 30321 82 4 FIG FIG NNP 30321 82 5 . . . 30321 83 1 3 3 LS 30321 83 2 . . . 30321 84 1 _ _ NNP 30321 84 2 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 84 3 . . . 30321 84 4 _ _ NNP 30321 84 5 Cross Cross NNP 30321 84 6 - - HYPH 30321 84 7 section section NN 30321 84 8 of of IN 30321 84 9 right right JJ 30321 84 10 half half NN 30321 84 11 of of IN 30321 84 12 skull skull NN 30321 84 13 immediately immediately RB 30321 84 14 behind behind IN 30321 84 15 the the DT 30321 84 16 pterygoid pterygoid JJ 30321 84 17 flange flange NN 30321 84 18 , , , 30321 84 19 showing show VBG 30321 84 20 masseter masseter NN 30321 84 21 , , , 30321 84 22 temporal temporal JJ 30321 84 23 , , , 30321 84 24 and and CC 30321 84 25 anterior anterior NNP 30321 84 26 pterygoid pterygoid NNP 30321 84 27 muscles muscle NNS 30321 84 28 . . . 30321 85 1 Same same JJ 30321 85 2 specimen speciman NNS 30321 85 3 shown show VBN 30321 85 4 in in IN 30321 85 5 Fig Fig NNP 30321 85 6 . . . 30321 86 1 1 1 LS 30321 86 2 . . . 30321 87 1 × × UH 30321 87 2 2 2 CD 30321 87 3 . . . 30321 87 4 ] ] -RRB- 30321 88 1 [ [ -LRB- 30321 88 2 Illustration illustration NN 30321 88 3 : : : 30321 88 4 FIG FIG NNP 30321 88 5 . . . 30321 89 1 4 4 LS 30321 89 2 . . . 30321 90 1 _ _ NNP 30321 90 2 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 90 3 . . . 30321 90 4 _ _ NNP 30321 90 5 Internal internal JJ 30321 90 6 aspect aspect NN 30321 90 7 of of IN 30321 90 8 left left JJ 30321 90 9 mandibular mandibular JJ 30321 90 10 fragment fragment NN 30321 90 11 , , , 30321 90 12 showing show VBG 30321 90 13 insertion insertion NN 30321 90 14 of of IN 30321 90 15 posterior posterior NNP 30321 90 16 pterygoid pterygoid JJ 30321 90 17 muscle muscle NN 30321 90 18 . . . 30321 91 1 KU KU NNP 30321 91 2 8963 8963 CD 30321 91 3 , , , 30321 91 4 Richard Richard NNP 30321 91 5 's 's POS 30321 91 6 Spur Spur NNP 30321 91 7 , , , 30321 91 8 Oklahoma Oklahoma NNP 30321 91 9 . . . 30321 92 1 × × NNP 30321 92 2 2.8 2.8 CD 30321 92 3 . . . 30321 92 4 ] ] -RRB- 30321 93 1 The the DT 30321 93 2 masseter masseter NN 30321 93 3 inserted insert VBN 30321 93 4 on on IN 30321 93 5 the the DT 30321 93 6 external external JJ 30321 93 7 surface surface NN 30321 93 8 of of IN 30321 93 9 the the DT 30321 93 10 coronoid coronoid NN 30321 93 11 process process NN 30321 93 12 , , , 30321 93 13 within within IN 30321 93 14 two two CD 30321 93 15 shallow shallow JJ 30321 93 16 concavities concavity NNS 30321 93 17 separated separate VBN 30321 93 18 by by IN 30321 93 19 an an DT 30321 93 20 oblique oblique JJ 30321 93 21 ridge ridge NN 30321 93 22 . . . 30321 94 1 The the DT 30321 94 2 concavities concavity NNS 30321 94 3 and and CC 30321 94 4 ridge ridge NN 30321 94 5 may may MD 30321 94 6 indicate indicate VB 30321 94 7 that that IN 30321 94 8 the the DT 30321 94 9 muscle muscle NN 30321 94 10 was be VBD 30321 94 11 divided divide VBN 30321 94 12 into into IN 30321 94 13 two two CD 30321 94 14 sheets sheet NNS 30321 94 15 . . . 30321 95 1 If if IN 30321 95 2 so so RB 30321 95 3 , , , 30321 95 4 the the DT 30321 95 5 anterior anterior NNP 30321 95 6 component component NN 30321 95 7 was be VBD 30321 95 8 wedge wedge NN 30321 95 9 - - HYPH 30321 95 10 shaped shape VBN 30321 95 11 in in IN 30321 95 12 cross cross NN 30321 95 13 - - NN 30321 95 14 section section NN 30321 95 15 , , , 30321 95 16 and and CC 30321 95 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 30321 95 18 thin thin JJ 30321 95 19 posterior posterior NN 30321 95 20 edge edge NN 30321 95 21 overlapped overlap VBD 30321 95 22 the the DT 30321 95 23 larger large JJR 30321 95 24 mass mass NN 30321 95 25 that that WDT 30321 95 26 inserted insert VBD 30321 95 27 on on IN 30321 95 28 the the DT 30321 95 29 posterior posterior NN 30321 95 30 half half NN 30321 95 31 of of IN 30321 95 32 the the DT 30321 95 33 coronoid coronoid NN 30321 95 34 process process NN 30321 95 35 . . . 30321 96 1 From from IN 30321 96 2 a a DT 30321 96 3 functional functional JJ 30321 96 4 standpoint standpoint NN 30321 96 5 it -PRON- PRP 30321 96 6 is be VBZ 30321 96 7 doubtful doubtful JJ 30321 96 8 that that IN 30321 96 9 a a DT 30321 96 10 major major JJ 30321 96 11 component component NN 30321 96 12 of of IN 30321 96 13 the the DT 30321 96 14 adductors adductor NNS 30321 96 15 arose arise VBD 30321 96 16 from from IN 30321 96 17 the the DT 30321 96 18 quadrate quadrate JJ 30321 96 19 wing wing NN 30321 96 20 of of IN 30321 96 21 the the DT 30321 96 22 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 96 23 , , , 30321 96 24 for for IN 30321 96 25 when when WRB 30321 96 26 the the DT 30321 96 27 jaw jaw NN 30321 96 28 is be VBZ 30321 96 29 closed close VBN 30321 96 30 the the DT 30321 96 31 Meckelian meckelian JJ 30321 96 32 fossa fossa NN 30321 96 33 is be VBZ 30321 96 34 directly directly RB 30321 96 35 lateral lateral JJ 30321 96 36 to to IN 30321 96 37 that that DT 30321 96 38 bone bone NN 30321 96 39 . . . 30321 97 1 If if IN 30321 97 2 the the DT 30321 97 3 jaw jaw NN 30321 97 4 were be VBD 30321 97 5 at at IN 30321 97 6 almost almost RB 30321 97 7 any any DT 30321 97 8 angle angle NN 30321 97 9 but but CC 30321 97 10 maximum maximum JJ 30321 97 11 depression depression NN 30321 97 12 , , , 30321 97 13 the the DT 30321 97 14 greatest great JJS 30321 97 15 component component NN 30321 97 16 of of IN 30321 97 17 force force NN 30321 97 18 would would MD 30321 97 19 be be VB 30321 97 20 mediad mediad NNP 30321 97 21 , , , 30321 97 22 pulling pull VBG 30321 97 23 the the DT 30321 97 24 rami rami NN 30321 97 25 together together RB 30321 97 26 and and CC 30321 97 27 not not RB 30321 97 28 upward upward RB 30321 97 29 . . . 30321 98 1 The the DT 30321 98 2 mediad mediad NNP 30321 98 3 component component NN 30321 98 4 would would MD 30321 98 5 increase increase VB 30321 98 6 as as IN 30321 98 7 the the DT 30321 98 8 jaw jaw NN 30321 98 9 approached approach VBD 30321 98 10 full full JJ 30321 98 11 adduction adduction NN 30321 98 12 . . . 30321 99 1 Neither neither DT 30321 99 2 is be VBZ 30321 99 3 there there EX 30321 99 4 anatomical anatomical JJ 30321 99 5 evidence evidence NN 30321 99 6 for for IN 30321 99 7 an an DT 30321 99 8 adductor adductor NN 30321 99 9 arising arise VBG 30321 99 10 from from IN 30321 99 11 the the DT 30321 99 12 quadrate quadrate JJ 30321 99 13 wing wing NN 30321 99 14 of of IN 30321 99 15 the the DT 30321 99 16 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 99 17 . . . 30321 100 1 The the DT 30321 100 2 bone bone NN 30321 100 3 is be VBZ 30321 100 4 smooth smooth JJ 30321 100 5 , , , 30321 100 6 hard hard JJ 30321 100 7 , , , 30321 100 8 and and CC 30321 100 9 without without IN 30321 100 10 any any DT 30321 100 11 marks mark NNS 30321 100 12 that that WDT 30321 100 13 might may MD 30321 100 14 be be VB 30321 100 15 interpreted interpret VBN 30321 100 16 as as IN 30321 100 17 muscle muscle NN 30321 100 18 scars scar NNS 30321 100 19 . . . 30321 101 1 The the DT 30321 101 2 internal internal JJ 30321 101 3 adductor adductor NN 30321 101 4 or or CC 30321 101 5 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 101 6 musculature musculature NN 30321 101 7 in in IN 30321 101 8 _ _ NNP 30321 101 9 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 101 10 _ _ NNP 30321 101 11 consisted consist VBD 30321 101 12 of of IN 30321 101 13 anterior anterior NN 30321 101 14 and and CC 30321 101 15 posterior posterior NNP 30321 101 16 components component NNS 30321 101 17 . . . 30321 102 1 The the DT 30321 102 2 anterior anterior JJ 30321 102 3 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 102 4 arose arise VBD 30321 102 5 from from IN 30321 102 6 the the DT 30321 102 7 lateral lateral JJ 30321 102 8 edge edge NN 30321 102 9 and and CC 30321 102 10 the the DT 30321 102 11 dorsal dorsal NN 30321 102 12 surface surface NN 30321 102 13 of of IN 30321 102 14 the the DT 30321 102 15 pterygoid pterygoid JJ 30321 102 16 flange flange NN 30321 102 17 . . . 30321 103 1 The the DT 30321 103 2 burred burred JJ 30321 103 3 dorsal dorsal NN 30321 103 4 recurvature recurvature NN 30321 103 5 of of IN 30321 103 6 the the DT 30321 103 7 edge edge NN 30321 103 8 resembles resemble VBZ 30321 103 9 that that DT 30321 103 10 of of IN 30321 103 11 the the DT 30321 103 12 flange flange NN 30321 103 13 of of IN 30321 103 14 crocodiles crocodile NNS 30321 103 15 , , , 30321 103 16 which which WDT 30321 103 17 serves serve VBZ 30321 103 18 as as IN 30321 103 19 part part NN 30321 103 20 of of IN 30321 103 21 the the DT 30321 103 22 origin origin NN 30321 103 23 of of IN 30321 103 24 the the DT 30321 103 25 anterior anterior NNP 30321 103 26 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 103 27 in in IN 30321 103 28 those those DT 30321 103 29 animals animal NNS 30321 103 30 . . . 30321 104 1 In in IN 30321 104 2 _ _ NNP 30321 104 3 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 104 4 _ _ NNP 30321 104 5 the the DT 30321 104 6 attachment attachment NN 30321 104 7 of of IN 30321 104 8 the the DT 30321 104 9 anterior anterior NNP 30321 104 10 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 104 11 to to IN 30321 104 12 the the DT 30321 104 13 edge edge NN 30321 104 14 of of IN 30321 104 15 the the DT 30321 104 16 flange flange NN 30321 104 17 was be VBD 30321 104 18 probably probably RB 30321 104 19 tendinous tendinous JJ 30321 104 20 , , , 30321 104 21 judging judge VBG 30321 104 22 from from IN 30321 104 23 the the DT 30321 104 24 extent extent NN 30321 104 25 of of IN 30321 104 26 the the DT 30321 104 27 development development NN 30321 104 28 of of IN 30321 104 29 the the DT 30321 104 30 edge edge NN 30321 104 31 of of IN 30321 104 32 the the DT 30321 104 33 flange flange NN 30321 104 34 . . . 30321 105 1 From from IN 30321 105 2 the the DT 30321 105 3 edge edge NN 30321 105 4 the the DT 30321 105 5 origin origin NN 30321 105 6 extended extend VBD 30321 105 7 medially medially RB 30321 105 8 across across IN 30321 105 9 the the DT 30321 105 10 dorsal dorsal NN 30321 105 11 surface surface NN 30321 105 12 of of IN 30321 105 13 the the DT 30321 105 14 flange flange NN 30321 105 15 ; ; : 30321 105 16 the the DT 30321 105 17 ridging ridging NN 30321 105 18 of of IN 30321 105 19 this this DT 30321 105 20 surface surface NN 30321 105 21 is be VBZ 30321 105 22 indistinct indistinct JJ 30321 105 23 , , , 30321 105 24 leading lead VBG 30321 105 25 to to IN 30321 105 26 the the DT 30321 105 27 supposition supposition NN 30321 105 28 that that WDT 30321 105 29 here here RB 30321 105 30 the the DT 30321 105 31 origin origin NN 30321 105 32 was be VBD 30321 105 33 more more RBR 30321 105 34 likely likely JJ 30321 105 35 to to TO 30321 105 36 have have VB 30321 105 37 been be VBN 30321 105 38 fleshy fleshy JJ 30321 105 39 than than IN 30321 105 40 tendinous tendinous JJ 30321 105 41 . . . 30321 106 1 The the DT 30321 106 2 anterior anterior JJ 30321 106 3 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 106 4 extended extend VBD 30321 106 5 obliquely obliquely RB 30321 106 6 backward backward JJ 30321 106 7 and and CC 30321 106 8 downward downward RB 30321 106 9 from from IN 30321 106 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 30321 106 11 origin origin NN 30321 106 12 , , , 30321 106 13 passed pass VBD 30321 106 14 medial medial NNP 30321 106 15 to to IN 30321 106 16 the the DT 30321 106 17 temporal temporal JJ 30321 106 18 muscle muscle NN 30321 106 19 and and CC 30321 106 20 inserted insert VBN 30321 106 21 on on IN 30321 106 22 the the DT 30321 106 23 ventral ventral JJ 30321 106 24 and and CC 30321 106 25 medial medial JJ 30321 106 26 surfaces surface NNS 30321 106 27 of of IN 30321 106 28 the the DT 30321 106 29 splenial splenial JJ 30321 106 30 and and CC 30321 106 31 angular angular JJ 30321 106 32 bones bone NNS 30321 106 33 beneath beneath IN 30321 106 34 the the DT 30321 106 35 Meckelian meckelian JJ 30321 106 36 fossa fossa NN 30321 106 37 . . . 30321 107 1 The the DT 30321 107 2 spatial spatial JJ 30321 107 3 relationship relationship NN 30321 107 4 between between IN 30321 107 5 the the DT 30321 107 6 palate palate NN 30321 107 7 and and CC 30321 107 8 quadrate quadrate NN 30321 107 9 - - HYPH 30321 107 10 articular articular JJ 30321 107 11 joint joint NN 30321 107 12 indicate indicate VBP 30321 107 13 that that IN 30321 107 14 the the DT 30321 107 15 muscle muscle NN 30321 107 16 was be VBD 30321 107 17 probably probably RB 30321 107 18 a a DT 30321 107 19 minor minor JJ 30321 107 20 adductor adductor NN 30321 107 21 in in IN 30321 107 22 _ _ NNP 30321 107 23 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 107 24 _ _ NNP 30321 107 25 . . . 30321 108 1 When when WRB 30321 108 2 the the DT 30321 108 3 jaw jaw NN 30321 108 4 was be VBD 30321 108 5 adducted adduct VBN 30321 108 6 , , , 30321 108 7 the the DT 30321 108 8 insertion insertion NN 30321 108 9 of of IN 30321 108 10 the the DT 30321 108 11 anterior anterior NNP 30321 108 12 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 108 13 was be VBD 30321 108 14 in in IN 30321 108 15 a a DT 30321 108 16 plane plane NN 30321 108 17 nearly nearly RB 30321 108 18 level level VBP 30321 108 19 with with IN 30321 108 20 the the DT 30321 108 21 origin origin NN 30321 108 22 . . . 30321 109 1 Contraction contraction NN 30321 109 2 of of IN 30321 109 3 the the DT 30321 109 4 anterior anterior NN 30321 109 5 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 109 6 when when WRB 30321 109 7 the the DT 30321 109 8 jaw jaw NN 30321 109 9 was be VBD 30321 109 10 in in IN 30321 109 11 this this DT 30321 109 12 position position NN 30321 109 13 pulled pull VBD 30321 109 14 the the DT 30321 109 15 mandible mandible JJ 30321 109 16 forward forward RB 30321 109 17 and and CC 30321 109 18 did do VBD 30321 109 19 not not RB 30321 109 20 adduct adduct VB 30321 109 21 it -PRON- PRP 30321 109 22 . . . 30321 110 1 Maximum maximum JJ 30321 110 2 depression depression NN 30321 110 3 of of IN 30321 110 4 the the DT 30321 110 5 mandible mandible JJ 30321 110 6 produced produce VBN 30321 110 7 maximum maximum JJ 30321 110 8 disparity disparity NN 30321 110 9 vertically vertically RB 30321 110 10 between between IN 30321 110 11 the the DT 30321 110 12 levels level NNS 30321 110 13 of of IN 30321 110 14 the the DT 30321 110 15 origin origin NN 30321 110 16 and and CC 30321 110 17 insertion insertion NN 30321 110 18 . . . 30321 111 1 The the DT 30321 111 2 force force NN 30321 111 3 exerted exert VBN 30321 111 4 by by IN 30321 111 5 the the DT 30321 111 6 anterior anterior NNP 30321 111 7 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 111 8 upon upon IN 30321 111 9 the the DT 30321 111 10 mandible mandible NN 30321 111 11 when when WRB 30321 111 12 fully fully RB 30321 111 13 lowered lower VBN 30321 111 14 most most RBS 30321 111 15 nearly nearly RB 30321 111 16 approached approach VBD 30321 111 17 the the DT 30321 111 18 perpendicular perpendicular NN 30321 111 19 to to IN 30321 111 20 the the DT 30321 111 21 long long JJ 30321 111 22 axes axis NNS 30321 111 23 of of IN 30321 111 24 the the DT 30321 111 25 mandibular mandibular JJ 30321 111 26 rami rami NN 30321 111 27 , , , 30321 111 28 and and CC 30321 111 29 the the DT 30321 111 30 resultant resultant JJ 30321 111 31 force force NN 30321 111 32 acting act VBG 30321 111 33 on on IN 30321 111 34 the the DT 30321 111 35 mandible mandible NN 30321 111 36 was be VBD 30321 111 37 adductive adductive JJ 30321 111 38 . . . 30321 112 1 The the DT 30321 112 2 adductive adductive JJ 30321 112 3 component component NN 30321 112 4 of of IN 30321 112 5 force force NN 30321 112 6 therefore therefore RB 30321 112 7 decreased decrease VBD 30321 112 8 as as IN 30321 112 9 the the DT 30321 112 10 jaw jaw NN 30321 112 11 swung swing VBD 30321 112 12 upward upward RB 30321 112 13 , , , 30321 112 14 with with IN 30321 112 15 the the DT 30321 112 16 result result NN 30321 112 17 that that IN 30321 112 18 the the DT 30321 112 19 anterior anterior NNP 30321 112 20 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 112 21 could could MD 30321 112 22 only only RB 30321 112 23 have have VB 30321 112 24 been be VBN 30321 112 25 active active JJ 30321 112 26 in in IN 30321 112 27 initiating initiate VBG 30321 112 28 adduction adduction NN 30321 112 29 and and CC 30321 112 30 not not RB 30321 112 31 in in IN 30321 112 32 sustaining sustain VBG 30321 112 33 it -PRON- PRP 30321 112 34 . . . 30321 113 1 The the DT 30321 113 2 evidence evidence NN 30321 113 3 regarding regard VBG 30321 113 4 the the DT 30321 113 5 position position NN 30321 113 6 and and CC 30321 113 7 extent extent NN 30321 113 8 of of IN 30321 113 9 the the DT 30321 113 10 posterior posterior NN 30321 113 11 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 113 12 is be VBZ 30321 113 13 more more RBR 30321 113 14 veiled veiled JJ 30321 113 15 . . . 30321 114 1 On on IN 30321 114 2 the the DT 30321 114 3 medial medial JJ 30321 114 4 surface surface NN 30321 114 5 of of IN 30321 114 6 the the DT 30321 114 7 mandible mandible NN 30321 114 8 , , , 30321 114 9 the the DT 30321 114 10 prearticular prearticular JJ 30321 114 11 and and CC 30321 114 12 articular articular JJ 30321 114 13 bones bone NNS 30321 114 14 meet meet VBP 30321 114 15 in in IN 30321 114 16 a a DT 30321 114 17 ridge ridge NN 30321 114 18 that that WDT 30321 114 19 ventrally ventrally RB 30321 114 20 rims rim VBZ 30321 114 21 the the DT 30321 114 22 glenoid glenoid NN 30321 114 23 cavity cavity NN 30321 114 24 ( ( -LRB- 30321 114 25 Fig fig NN 30321 114 26 . . . 30321 115 1 4 4 LS 30321 115 2 ) ) -RRB- 30321 115 3 . . . 30321 116 1 The the DT 30321 116 2 ridge ridge NN 30321 116 3 extends extend VBZ 30321 116 4 anteriorly anteriorly RB 30321 116 5 and and CC 30321 116 6 curves curve VBZ 30321 116 7 slightly slightly RB 30321 116 8 in in IN 30321 116 9 a a DT 30321 116 10 dorsal dorsal NN 30321 116 11 direction direction NN 30321 116 12 and and CC 30321 116 13 meets meet VBZ 30321 116 14 the the DT 30321 116 15 Meckelian meckelian JJ 30321 116 16 fossa fossa NN 30321 116 17 . . . 30321 117 1 The the DT 30321 117 2 curved curved JJ 30321 117 3 part part NN 30321 117 4 of of IN 30321 117 5 the the DT 30321 117 6 ridge ridge NN 30321 117 7 is be VBZ 30321 117 8 made make VBN 30321 117 9 of of IN 30321 117 10 the the DT 30321 117 11 prearticular prearticular JJ 30321 117 12 bone bone NN 30321 117 13 alone alone RB 30321 117 14 . . . 30321 118 1 A a DT 30321 118 2 small small JJ 30321 118 3 hollow hollow NN 30321 118 4 above above IN 30321 118 5 the the DT 30321 118 6 ridge ridge NN 30321 118 7 , , , 30321 118 8 anterior anterior NNP 30321 118 9 to to IN 30321 118 10 the the DT 30321 118 11 glenoid glenoid NNP 30321 118 12 cavity cavity NN 30321 118 13 , , , 30321 118 14 faces face VBZ 30321 118 15 the the DT 30321 118 16 medial medial JJ 30321 118 17 plane plane NN 30321 118 18 of of IN 30321 118 19 the the DT 30321 118 20 skull skull NN 30321 118 21 and and CC 30321 118 22 is be VBZ 30321 118 23 bordered border VBN 30321 118 24 by by IN 30321 118 25 the the DT 30321 118 26 articular articular JJ 30321 118 27 bone bone NN 30321 118 28 behind behind RB 30321 118 29 and and CC 30321 118 30 above above RB 30321 118 31 , , , 30321 118 32 and and CC 30321 118 33 by by IN 30321 118 34 the the DT 30321 118 35 Meckelian meckelian JJ 30321 118 36 fossa fossa NN 30321 118 37 in in IN 30321 118 38 front front NN 30321 118 39 . . . 30321 119 1 The the DT 30321 119 2 surfaces surface NNS 30321 119 3 of of IN 30321 119 4 the the DT 30321 119 5 hollow hollow JJ 30321 119 6 and and CC 30321 119 7 the the DT 30321 119 8 prearticular prearticular JJ 30321 119 9 - - HYPH 30321 119 10 articular articular JJ 30321 119 11 ridge ridge NN 30321 119 12 bear bear VBP 30321 119 13 tiny tiny JJ 30321 119 14 grooves groove NNS 30321 119 15 and and CC 30321 119 16 ridges ridge NNS 30321 119 17 that that WDT 30321 119 18 seem seem VBP 30321 119 19 to to TO 30321 119 20 be be VB 30321 119 21 muscle muscle NN 30321 119 22 scars scar NNS 30321 119 23 . . . 30321 120 1 The the DT 30321 120 2 entire entire JJ 30321 120 3 area area NN 30321 120 4 of of IN 30321 120 5 the the DT 30321 120 6 hollow hollow JJ 30321 120 7 and and CC 30321 120 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 30321 120 9 bordering bordering NN 30321 120 10 features feature NNS 30321 120 11 was be VBD 30321 120 12 probably probably RB 30321 120 13 the the DT 30321 120 14 area area NN 30321 120 15 of of IN 30321 120 16 insertion insertion NN 30321 120 17 of of IN 30321 120 18 the the DT 30321 120 19 posterior posterior NNP 30321 120 20 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 120 21 . . . 30321 121 1 However however RB 30321 121 2 , , , 30321 121 3 the the DT 30321 121 4 area area NN 30321 121 5 of of IN 30321 121 6 insertion insertion NN 30321 121 7 lies lie VBZ 30321 121 8 mostly mostly RB 30321 121 9 ventral ventral JJ 30321 121 10 to to IN 30321 121 11 the the DT 30321 121 12 articulating articulating NN 30321 121 13 surface surface NN 30321 121 14 of of IN 30321 121 15 the the DT 30321 121 16 articular articular JJ 30321 121 17 bone bone NN 30321 121 18 and and CC 30321 121 19 extends extend NNS 30321 121 20 but but CC 30321 121 21 slightly slightly RB 30321 121 22 in in IN 30321 121 23 front front NN 30321 121 24 of of IN 30321 121 25 it -PRON- PRP 30321 121 26 . . . 30321 122 1 Seemingly seemingly RB 30321 122 2 little little JJ 30321 122 3 lever lever NN 30321 122 4 effect effect NN 30321 122 5 could could MD 30321 122 6 be be VB 30321 122 7 exercised exercise VBN 30321 122 8 by by IN 30321 122 9 an an DT 30321 122 10 adductor adductor NN 30321 122 11 attaching attach VBG 30321 122 12 in in IN 30321 122 13 this this DT 30321 122 14 position position NN 30321 122 15 , , , 30321 122 16 namely namely RB 30321 122 17 , , , 30321 122 18 at at IN 30321 122 19 the the DT 30321 122 20 level level NN 30321 122 21 of of IN 30321 122 22 the the DT 30321 122 23 fulcrum fulcrum NN 30321 122 24 of of IN 30321 122 25 the the DT 30321 122 26 mandibular mandibular JJ 30321 122 27 ramus ramus NN 30321 122 28 . . . 30321 123 1 The the DT 30321 123 2 posterior posterior NN 30321 123 3 pterygoid pterygoid JJ 30321 123 4 muscle muscle NN 30321 123 5 probably probably RB 30321 123 6 arose arise VBD 30321 123 7 from from IN 30321 123 8 the the DT 30321 123 9 anterior anterior NNP 30321 123 10 portion portion NN 30321 123 11 of of IN 30321 123 12 the the DT 30321 123 13 pterygoid pterygoid JJ 30321 123 14 wing wing NN 30321 123 15 of of IN 30321 123 16 the the DT 30321 123 17 quadrate quadrate NN 30321 123 18 , , , 30321 123 19 from from IN 30321 123 20 a a DT 30321 123 21 ridge ridge NN 30321 123 22 on on IN 30321 123 23 the the DT 30321 123 24 ventromedial ventromedial JJ 30321 123 25 surface surface NN 30321 123 26 . . . 30321 124 1 From from IN 30321 124 2 the the DT 30321 124 3 relationship relationship NN 30321 124 4 of of IN 30321 124 5 the the DT 30321 124 6 muscle muscle NN 30321 124 7 to to IN 30321 124 8 the the DT 30321 124 9 articulation articulation NN 30321 124 10 of of IN 30321 124 11 the the DT 30321 124 12 jaw jaw NN 30321 124 13 with with IN 30321 124 14 the the DT 30321 124 15 skull skull NN 30321 124 16 , , , 30321 124 17 it -PRON- PRP 30321 124 18 may may MD 30321 124 19 be be VB 30321 124 20 deduced deduce VBN 30321 124 21 that that IN 30321 124 22 the the DT 30321 124 23 muscle muscle NN 30321 124 24 was be VBD 30321 124 25 limited limit VBN 30321 124 26 in in IN 30321 124 27 function function NN 30321 124 28 to to IN 30321 124 29 the the DT 30321 124 30 stabilization stabilization NN 30321 124 31 of of IN 30321 124 32 the the DT 30321 124 33 quadrate quadrate NN 30321 124 34 - - HYPH 30321 124 35 articular articular JJ 30321 124 36 joint joint NN 30321 124 37 by by IN 30321 124 38 keeping keep VBG 30321 124 39 the the DT 30321 124 40 articular articular JJ 30321 124 41 surfaces surface NNS 30321 124 42 in in IN 30321 124 43 close close JJ 30321 124 44 contact contact NN 30321 124 45 with with IN 30321 124 46 each each DT 30321 124 47 other other JJ 30321 124 48 and and CC 30321 124 49 by by IN 30321 124 50 preventing prevent VBG 30321 124 51 lateral lateral JJ 30321 124 52 slipping slipping NN 30321 124 53 . . . 30321 125 1 Finally finally RB 30321 125 2 there there EX 30321 125 3 is be VBZ 30321 125 4 evidence evidence NN 30321 125 5 for for IN 30321 125 6 an an DT 30321 125 7 adductor adductor NN 30321 125 8 between between IN 30321 125 9 the the DT 30321 125 10 temporal temporal JJ 30321 125 11 and and CC 30321 125 12 masseter masseter JJ 30321 125 13 masses masse NNS 30321 125 14 . . . 30321 126 1 The the DT 30321 126 2 anterior anterior JJ 30321 126 3 dorsal dorsal NN 30321 126 4 lip lip NN 30321 126 5 of of IN 30321 126 6 the the DT 30321 126 7 Meckelian meckelian JJ 30321 126 8 fossa fossa NN 30321 126 9 supports support VBZ 30321 126 10 a a DT 30321 126 11 small small JJ 30321 126 12 knob knob NN 30321 126 13 to to TO 30321 126 14 which which WDT 30321 126 15 this this DT 30321 126 16 muscle muscle NN 30321 126 17 attached attach VBD 30321 126 18 , , , 30321 126 19 much much RB 30321 126 20 as as IN 30321 126 21 in in IN 30321 126 22 _ _ NNP 30321 126 23 Sphenodon Sphenodon NNP 30321 126 24 _ _ NNP 30321 126 25 ( ( -LRB- 30321 126 26 Romer Romer NNP 30321 126 27 , , , 30321 126 28 1956:18 1956:18 CD 30321 126 29 , , , 30321 126 30 Fig Fig NNP 30321 126 31 . . . 30321 127 1 12 12 CD 30321 127 2 ) ) -RRB- 30321 127 3 . . . 30321 128 1 Presumably presumably RB 30321 128 2 the the DT 30321 128 3 muscle muscle NN 30321 128 4 was be VBD 30321 128 5 sheetlike sheetlike JJ 30321 128 6 and and CC 30321 128 7 attached attach VBN 30321 128 8 to to IN 30321 128 9 the the DT 30321 128 10 skull skull NN 30321 128 11 roof roof NN 30321 128 12 , , , 30321 128 13 medial medial JJ 30321 128 14 to to IN 30321 128 15 the the DT 30321 128 16 attachment attachment NN 30321 128 17 of of IN 30321 128 18 the the DT 30321 128 19 masseter masseter NN 30321 128 20 . . . 30321 129 1 A a DT 30321 129 2 pseudotemporal pseudotemporal NN 30321 129 3 may may MD 30321 129 4 have have VB 30321 129 5 been be VBN 30321 129 6 present present JJ 30321 129 7 , , , 30321 129 8 but but CC 30321 129 9 evidence evidence NN 30321 129 10 to to TO 30321 129 11 indicate indicate VB 30321 129 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 30321 129 13 extent extent NN 30321 129 14 and and CC 30321 129 15 position position NN 30321 129 16 is be VBZ 30321 129 17 lacking lack VBG 30321 129 18 . . . 30321 130 1 The the DT 30321 130 2 muscle muscle NN 30321 130 3 usually usually RB 30321 130 4 arises arise VBZ 30321 130 5 from from IN 30321 130 6 the the DT 30321 130 7 epipterygoid epipterygoid JJ 30321 130 8 and and CC 30321 130 9 nearby nearby JJ 30321 130 10 areas area NNS 30321 130 11 of of IN 30321 130 12 the the DT 30321 130 13 braincase braincase NNP 30321 130 14 and and CC 30321 130 15 skull skull NN 30321 130 16 roof roof NN 30321 130 17 and and CC 30321 130 18 inserts insert NNS 30321 130 19 in in IN 30321 130 20 the the DT 30321 130 21 anterior anterior JJ 30321 130 22 parts part NNS 30321 130 23 of of IN 30321 130 24 the the DT 30321 130 25 fossa fossa NN 30321 130 26 of of IN 30321 130 27 the the DT 30321 130 28 jaw jaw NN 30321 130 29 . . . 30321 131 1 In in IN 30321 131 2 _ _ NNP 30321 131 3 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 131 4 _ _ NNP 30321 131 5 the the DT 30321 131 6 lateral lateral JJ 30321 131 7 wing wing NN 30321 131 8 of of IN 30321 131 9 the the DT 30321 131 10 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 131 11 cuts cut NNS 30321 131 12 across across IN 30321 131 13 the the DT 30321 131 14 fossa fossa JJ 30321 131 15 , , , 30321 131 16 effectively effectively RB 30321 131 17 blocking block VBG 30321 131 18 it -PRON- PRP 30321 131 19 from from IN 30321 131 20 the the DT 30321 131 21 upper upper JJ 30321 131 22 and and CC 30321 131 23 medial medial JJ 30321 131 24 parts part NNS 30321 131 25 of of IN 30321 131 26 the the DT 30321 131 27 skull skull NN 30321 131 28 , , , 30321 131 29 the the DT 30321 131 30 areas area NNS 30321 131 31 of of IN 30321 131 32 origin origin NN 30321 131 33 for for IN 30321 131 34 the the DT 30321 131 35 pseudotemporal pseudotemporal NN 30321 131 36 . . . 30321 132 1 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 132 2 The the DT 30321 132 3 morphology morphology NN 30321 132 4 of of IN 30321 132 5 the the DT 30321 132 6 skull skull NN 30321 132 7 of of IN 30321 132 8 _ _ NNP 30321 132 9 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 132 10 _ _ NNP 30321 132 11 closely closely RB 30321 132 12 resembles resemble VBZ 30321 132 13 that that DT 30321 132 14 of of IN 30321 132 15 the the DT 30321 132 16 primitive primitive JJ 30321 132 17 _ _ NNP 30321 132 18 Haptodus Haptodus NNP 30321 132 19 _ _ NNP 30321 132 20 ( ( -LRB- 30321 132 21 Haptodontinae Haptodontinae NNP 30321 132 22 , , , 30321 132 23 Sphenacodontidae Sphenacodontidae NNP 30321 132 24 ) ) -RRB- 30321 132 25 , , , 30321 132 26 and and CC 30321 132 27 " " `` 30321 132 28 hence hence RB 30321 132 29 may may MD 30321 132 30 be be VB 30321 132 31 rather rather RB 30321 132 32 confidently confidently RB 30321 132 33 described describe VBN 30321 132 34 as as IN 30321 132 35 that that DT 30321 132 36 of of IN 30321 132 37 the the DT 30321 132 38 family family NN 30321 132 39 as as IN 30321 132 40 a a DT 30321 132 41 whole whole NN 30321 132 42 " " '' 30321 132 43 ( ( -LRB- 30321 132 44 Romer Romer NNP 30321 132 45 and and CC 30321 132 46 Price Price NNP 30321 132 47 , , , 30321 132 48 1940:285 1940:285 CD 30321 132 49 ) ) -RRB- 30321 132 50 . . . 30321 133 1 The the DT 30321 133 2 major major JJ 30321 133 3 differences difference NNS 30321 133 4 between between IN 30321 133 5 the the DT 30321 133 6 two two CD 30321 133 7 genera genus NNS 30321 133 8 are be VBP 30321 133 9 in in IN 30321 133 10 the the DT 30321 133 11 increased increase VBN 30321 133 12 specialization specialization NN 30321 133 13 of of IN 30321 133 14 the the DT 30321 133 15 dentition dentition NN 30321 133 16 , , , 30321 133 17 the the DT 30321 133 18 shortening shortening NN 30321 133 19 of of IN 30321 133 20 the the DT 30321 133 21 lacrimal lacrimal NN 30321 133 22 , , , 30321 133 23 and and CC 30321 133 24 the the DT 30321 133 25 development development NN 30321 133 26 of of IN 30321 133 27 long long JJ 30321 133 28 vertebral vertebral JJ 30321 133 29 spines spine NNS 30321 133 30 in in IN 30321 133 31 _ _ NNP 30321 133 32 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 133 33 _ _ NNP 30321 133 34 . . . 30321 134 1 The the DT 30321 134 2 absence absence NN 30321 134 3 of of IN 30321 134 4 gross gross JJ 30321 134 5 differences difference NNS 30321 134 6 in in IN 30321 134 7 the the DT 30321 134 8 areas area NNS 30321 134 9 of of IN 30321 134 10 the the DT 30321 134 11 skull skull NN 30321 134 12 associated associate VBN 30321 134 13 with with IN 30321 134 14 the the DT 30321 134 15 groups group NNS 30321 134 16 of of IN 30321 134 17 muscles muscle NNS 30321 134 18 with with IN 30321 134 19 which which WDT 30321 134 20 this this DT 30321 134 21 study study NN 30321 134 22 is be VBZ 30321 134 23 concerned concern VBN 30321 134 24 , , , 30321 134 25 implies imply VBZ 30321 134 26 a a DT 30321 134 27 similarity similarity NN 30321 134 28 in in IN 30321 134 29 the the DT 30321 134 30 patterns pattern NNS 30321 134 31 of of IN 30321 134 32 musculature musculature NN 30321 134 33 between between IN 30321 134 34 the the DT 30321 134 35 two two CD 30321 134 36 groups group NNS 30321 134 37 . . . 30321 135 1 Romer Romer NNP 30321 135 2 and and CC 30321 135 3 Price Price NNP 30321 135 4 suggest suggest VBP 30321 135 5 that that IN 30321 135 6 _ _ NNP 30321 135 7 Haptodus Haptodus NNP 30321 135 8 _ _ NNP 30321 135 9 , , , 30321 135 10 although although IN 30321 135 11 too too RB 30321 135 12 late late RB 30321 135 13 in in IN 30321 135 14 time time NN 30321 135 15 to to TO 30321 135 16 be be VB 30321 135 17 an an DT 30321 135 18 actual actual JJ 30321 135 19 ancestor ancestor NN 30321 135 20 , , , 30321 135 21 shows show VBZ 30321 135 22 " " `` 30321 135 23 all all PDT 30321 135 24 the the DT 30321 135 25 common common JJ 30321 135 26 features feature NNS 30321 135 27 of of IN 30321 135 28 the the DT 30321 135 29 _ _ NNP 30321 135 30 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 135 31 _ _ NNP 30321 135 32 group group NN 30321 135 33 on on IN 30321 135 34 the the DT 30321 135 35 one one CD 30321 135 36 hand hand NN 30321 135 37 and and CC 30321 135 38 the the DT 30321 135 39 therapsids therapsid NNS 30321 135 40 on on IN 30321 135 41 the the DT 30321 135 42 other other JJ 30321 135 43 . . . 30321 135 44 " " '' 30321 136 1 The the DT 30321 136 2 adductors adductor NNS 30321 136 3 of of IN 30321 136 4 the the DT 30321 136 5 jaw jaw NN 30321 136 6 of of IN 30321 136 7 _ _ NNP 30321 136 8 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 136 9 _ _ NNP 30321 136 10 were be VBD 30321 136 11 probably probably RB 30321 136 12 little little RB 30321 136 13 changed change VBN 30321 136 14 from from IN 30321 136 15 those those DT 30321 136 16 of of IN 30321 136 17 the the DT 30321 136 18 Haptodontinae Haptodontinae NNP 30321 136 19 and and CC 30321 136 20 represent represent VB 30321 136 21 a a DT 30321 136 22 primitive primitive JJ 30321 136 23 condition condition NN 30321 136 24 within within IN 30321 136 25 the the DT 30321 136 26 suborder suborder NN 30321 136 27 . . . 30321 137 1 _ _ NNP 30321 137 2 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 137 3 _ _ NNP 30321 137 4 and and CC 30321 137 5 _ _ NNP 30321 137 6 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 137 7 _ _ NNP 30321 137 8 differ differ VBP 30321 137 9 in in IN 30321 137 10 the the DT 30321 137 11 bones bone NNS 30321 137 12 associated associate VBN 30321 137 13 with with IN 30321 137 14 the the DT 30321 137 15 adductor adductor NN 30321 137 16 mechanism mechanism NN 30321 137 17 ; ; : 30321 137 18 the the DT 30321 137 19 area area NN 30321 137 20 behind behind IN 30321 137 21 the the DT 30321 137 22 orbit orbit NN 30321 137 23 in in IN 30321 137 24 _ _ NNP 30321 137 25 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 137 26 _ _ NNP 30321 137 27 is be VBZ 30321 137 28 relatively relatively RB 30321 137 29 shorter short JJR 30321 137 30 , , , 30321 137 31 reducing reduce VBG 30321 137 32 the the DT 30321 137 33 comparative comparative JJ 30321 137 34 longitudinal longitudinal JJ 30321 137 35 extent extent NN 30321 137 36 of of IN 30321 137 37 the the DT 30321 137 38 adductor adductor NN 30321 137 39 chamber chamber NN 30321 137 40 . . . 30321 138 1 Furthermore furthermore RB 30321 138 2 , , , 30321 138 3 the the DT 30321 138 4 dermal dermal JJ 30321 138 5 roof roof NN 30321 138 6 above above IN 30321 138 7 the the DT 30321 138 8 adductor adductor NN 30321 138 9 chamber chamber NN 30321 138 10 slopes slope NNS 30321 138 11 gently gently RB 30321 138 12 downward downward RB 30321 138 13 from from IN 30321 138 14 behind behind IN 30321 138 15 the the DT 30321 138 16 orbit orbit NN 30321 138 17 to to IN 30321 138 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 30321 138 19 contact contact NN 30321 138 20 with with IN 30321 138 21 the the DT 30321 138 22 occipital occipital JJ 30321 138 23 plate plate NN 30321 138 24 in in IN 30321 138 25 _ _ NNP 30321 138 26 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 138 27 _ _ NNP 30321 138 28 . . . 30321 139 1 Temporal temporal JJ 30321 139 2 fenestrae fenestra NNS 30321 139 3 are be VBP 30321 139 4 , , , 30321 139 5 of of IN 30321 139 6 course course NN 30321 139 7 , , , 30321 139 8 present present JJ 30321 139 9 in in IN 30321 139 10 _ _ NNP 30321 139 11 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 139 12 _ _ NNP 30321 139 13 . . . 30321 140 1 _ _ NNP 30321 140 2 Musculature Musculature NNP 30321 140 3 _ _ NNP 30321 140 4 The the DT 30321 140 5 adductor adductor NN 30321 140 6 musculature musculature NN 30321 140 7 of of IN 30321 140 8 the the DT 30321 140 9 lower low JJR 30321 140 10 jaw jaw NN 30321 140 11 in in IN 30321 140 12 _ _ NNP 30321 140 13 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 140 14 _ _ NNP 30321 140 15 was be VBD 30321 140 16 divided divide VBN 30321 140 17 into into IN 30321 140 18 lateral lateral JJ 30321 140 19 and and CC 30321 140 20 medial medial JJ 30321 140 21 groups group NNS 30321 140 22 ( ( -LRB- 30321 140 23 Figs fig NNS 30321 140 24 . . . 30321 141 1 5 5 CD 30321 141 2 , , , 30321 141 3 6 6 CD 30321 141 4 ) ) -RRB- 30321 141 5 . . . 30321 142 1 The the DT 30321 142 2 lateral lateral JJ 30321 142 3 division division NN 30321 142 4 consisted consist VBD 30321 142 5 of of IN 30321 142 6 temporal temporal JJ 30321 142 7 and and CC 30321 142 8 masseter masseter JJ 30321 142 9 masses masse NNS 30321 142 10 . . . 30321 143 1 The the DT 30321 143 2 temporal temporal JJ 30321 143 3 arose arise VBD 30321 143 4 from from IN 30321 143 5 the the DT 30321 143 6 upper upper JJ 30321 143 7 rim rim NN 30321 143 8 of of IN 30321 143 9 the the DT 30321 143 10 temporal temporal JJ 30321 143 11 opening opening NN 30321 143 12 , , , 30321 143 13 from from IN 30321 143 14 the the DT 30321 143 15 lateral lateral JJ 30321 143 16 wall wall NN 30321 143 17 of of IN 30321 143 18 the the DT 30321 143 19 skull skull NN 30321 143 20 behind behind IN 30321 143 21 the the DT 30321 143 22 postorbital postorbital JJ 30321 143 23 strut strut NN 30321 143 24 , , , 30321 143 25 and and CC 30321 143 26 from from IN 30321 143 27 the the DT 30321 143 28 dorsal dorsal NN 30321 143 29 roof roof NN 30321 143 30 of of IN 30321 143 31 the the DT 30321 143 32 skull skull NN 30321 143 33 . . . 30321 144 1 The the DT 30321 144 2 bones bone NNS 30321 144 3 of of IN 30321 144 4 origin origin NN 30321 144 5 included include VBD 30321 144 6 jugal jugal NNP 30321 144 7 , , , 30321 144 8 postorbital postorbital JJ 30321 144 9 , , , 30321 144 10 postfrontal postfrontal JJ 30321 144 11 , , , 30321 144 12 parietal parietal NN 30321 144 13 and and CC 30321 144 14 squamosal squamosal NN 30321 144 15 . . . 30321 145 1 This this DT 30321 145 2 division division NN 30321 145 3 may may MD 30321 145 4 also also RB 30321 145 5 have have VB 30321 145 6 arisen arise VBN 30321 145 7 from from IN 30321 145 8 the the DT 30321 145 9 fascia fascia NN 30321 145 10 covering cover VBG 30321 145 11 the the DT 30321 145 12 temporal temporal JJ 30321 145 13 opening opening NN 30321 145 14 ( ( -LRB- 30321 145 15 Romer Romer NNP 30321 145 16 and and CC 30321 145 17 Price Price NNP 30321 145 18 , , , 30321 145 19 1940:53 1940:53 CD 30321 145 20 ) ) -RRB- 30321 145 21 . . . 30321 146 1 The the DT 30321 146 2 muscle muscle NN 30321 146 3 passed pass VBD 30321 146 4 into into IN 30321 146 5 the the DT 30321 146 6 Meckelian meckelian JJ 30321 146 7 fossa fossa NN 30321 146 8 of of IN 30321 146 9 the the DT 30321 146 10 mandible mandible JJ 30321 146 11 and and CC 30321 146 12 inserted insert VBN 30321 146 13 on on IN 30321 146 14 the the DT 30321 146 15 angular angular JJ 30321 146 16 , , , 30321 146 17 surangular surangular JJ 30321 146 18 , , , 30321 146 19 prearticular prearticular JJ 30321 146 20 , , , 30321 146 21 coronoid coronoid NN 30321 146 22 and and CC 30321 146 23 dentary dentary JJ 30321 146 24 bones bone NNS 30321 146 25 . . . 30321 147 1 Insertion insertion NN 30321 147 2 on on IN 30321 147 3 the the DT 30321 147 4 lips lip NNS 30321 147 5 of of IN 30321 147 6 the the DT 30321 147 7 fossa fossa NN 30321 147 8 also also RB 30321 147 9 probably probably RB 30321 147 10 occurred occur VBD 30321 147 11 . . . 30321 148 1 The the DT 30321 148 2 lateral lateral JJ 30321 148 3 division division NN 30321 148 4 arose arise VBD 30321 148 5 from from IN 30321 148 6 the the DT 30321 148 7 lower low JJR 30321 148 8 rim rim NN 30321 148 9 of of IN 30321 148 10 the the DT 30321 148 11 temporal temporal JJ 30321 148 12 opening opening NN 30321 148 13 and and CC 30321 148 14 from from IN 30321 148 15 the the DT 30321 148 16 bones bone NNS 30321 148 17 beneath beneath RB 30321 148 18 . . . 30321 149 1 Insertion insertion NN 30321 149 2 was be VBD 30321 149 3 in in IN 30321 149 4 the the DT 30321 149 5 Meckelian meckelian JJ 30321 149 6 fossa fossa NN 30321 149 7 and and CC 30321 149 8 on on IN 30321 149 9 the the DT 30321 149 10 dorsal dorsal NN 30321 149 11 surface surface NN 30321 149 12 of of IN 30321 149 13 the the DT 30321 149 14 adjoining adjoining JJ 30321 149 15 coronoid coronoid NN 30321 149 16 process process NN 30321 149 17 . . . 30321 150 1 [ [ -LRB- 30321 150 2 Illustration illustration NN 30321 150 3 : : : 30321 150 4 FIG FIG NNP 30321 150 5 . . . 30321 151 1 5 5 CD 30321 151 2 . . . 30321 152 1 _ _ NNP 30321 152 2 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 152 3 . . . 30321 152 4 _ _ NNP 30321 152 5 Internal internal JJ 30321 152 6 aspect aspect NN 30321 152 7 of of IN 30321 152 8 skull skull NN 30321 152 9 , , , 30321 152 10 showing show VBG 30321 152 11 masseter masseter NN 30321 152 12 and and CC 30321 152 13 temporal temporal JJ 30321 152 14 muscles muscle NNS 30321 152 15 . . . 30321 153 1 Skull Skull NNP 30321 153 2 modified modify VBD 30321 153 3 from from IN 30321 153 4 Romer Romer NNP 30321 153 5 and and CC 30321 153 6 Price Price NNP 30321 153 7 ( ( -LRB- 30321 153 8 1940 1940 CD 30321 153 9 ) ) -RRB- 30321 153 10 . . . 30321 154 1 Approx approx NN 30321 154 2 . . . 30321 155 1 × × UH 30321 155 2 1/4 1/4 CD 30321 155 3 . . . 30321 155 4 ] ] -RRB- 30321 156 1 The the DT 30321 156 2 reconstruction reconstruction NN 30321 156 3 of of IN 30321 156 4 the the DT 30321 156 5 progressively progressively RB 30321 156 6 widening widen VBG 30321 156 7 masseter masseter NN 30321 156 8 as as IN 30321 156 9 it -PRON- PRP 30321 156 10 traveled travel VBD 30321 156 11 to to IN 30321 156 12 the the DT 30321 156 13 mandible mandible NN 30321 156 14 follows follow VBZ 30321 156 15 from from IN 30321 156 16 the the DT 30321 156 17 progressively progressively RB 30321 156 18 widening widen VBG 30321 156 19 depression depression NN 30321 156 20 on on IN 30321 156 21 the the DT 30321 156 22 internal internal JJ 30321 156 23 wall wall NN 30321 156 24 of of IN 30321 156 25 the the DT 30321 156 26 cheek cheek NN 30321 156 27 against against IN 30321 156 28 which which WDT 30321 156 29 the the DT 30321 156 30 muscle muscle NN 30321 156 31 must must MD 30321 156 32 have have VB 30321 156 33 been be VBN 30321 156 34 appressed appresse VBN 30321 156 35 . . . 30321 157 1 The the DT 30321 157 2 depressed depressed JJ 30321 157 3 surface surface NN 30321 157 4 included include VBD 30321 157 5 the the DT 30321 157 6 posterior posterior JJ 30321 157 7 wing wing NN 30321 157 8 of of IN 30321 157 9 the the DT 30321 157 10 jugal jugal NN 30321 157 11 , , , 30321 157 12 the the DT 30321 157 13 whole whole NN 30321 157 14 of of IN 30321 157 15 the the DT 30321 157 16 squamosal squamosal NN 30321 157 17 , , , 30321 157 18 and and CC 30321 157 19 probably probably RB 30321 157 20 the the DT 30321 157 21 anteriormost anteriormost JJ 30321 157 22 parts part NNS 30321 157 23 of of IN 30321 157 24 the the DT 30321 157 25 quadratojugal quadratojugal NN 30321 157 26 . . . 30321 158 1 Expansion expansion NN 30321 158 2 of of IN 30321 158 3 the the DT 30321 158 4 muscle muscle NN 30321 158 5 rostrally rostrally RB 30321 158 6 was be VBD 30321 158 7 prevented prevent VBN 30321 158 8 by by IN 30321 158 9 the the DT 30321 158 10 postorbital postorbital JJ 30321 158 11 strut strut NN 30321 158 12 that that WDT 30321 158 13 protected protect VBD 30321 158 14 the the DT 30321 158 15 orbit orbit NN 30321 158 16 ( ( -LRB- 30321 158 17 Romer Romer NNP 30321 158 18 and and CC 30321 158 19 Price Price NNP 30321 158 20 , , , 30321 158 21 1940:53 1940:53 CD 30321 158 22 ) ) -RRB- 30321 158 23 . . . 30321 159 1 The the DT 30321 159 2 sphenacodonts sphenacodont NNS 30321 159 3 possess possess VBP 30321 159 4 the the DT 30321 159 5 primitive primitive JJ 30321 159 6 rhynchocephalian rhynchocephalian JJ 30321 159 7 kind kind NN 30321 159 8 of of IN 30321 159 9 palate palate NN 30321 159 10 . . . 30321 160 1 In in IN 30321 160 2 _ _ NNP 30321 160 3 Sphenodon Sphenodon NNP 30321 160 4 _ _ NNP 30321 160 5 the the DT 30321 160 6 anterior anterior NNP 30321 160 7 pterygoid pterygoid NNP 30321 160 8 muscle muscle NN 30321 160 9 arises arise VBZ 30321 160 10 from from IN 30321 160 11 the the DT 30321 160 12 dorsal dorsal NN 30321 160 13 surface surface NN 30321 160 14 of of IN 30321 160 15 the the DT 30321 160 16 pterygoid pterygoid JJ 30321 160 17 bone bone NN 30321 160 18 and and CC 30321 160 19 from from IN 30321 160 20 the the DT 30321 160 21 adjacent adjacent JJ 30321 160 22 bones bone NNS 30321 160 23 . . . 30321 161 1 A a DT 30321 161 2 similar similar JJ 30321 161 3 origin origin NN 30321 161 4 suggests suggest VBZ 30321 161 5 itself -PRON- PRP 30321 161 6 for for IN 30321 161 7 the the DT 30321 161 8 corresponding correspond VBG 30321 161 9 muscle muscle NN 30321 161 10 , , , 30321 161 11 the the DT 30321 161 12 second second JJ 30321 161 13 major major JJ 30321 161 14 adductor adductor NN 30321 161 15 mass mass NN 30321 161 16 , , , 30321 161 17 in in IN 30321 161 18 _ _ NNP 30321 161 19 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 161 20 _ _ NNP 30321 161 21 . . . 30321 162 1 From from IN 30321 162 2 the the DT 30321 162 3 origin origin NN 30321 162 4 the the DT 30321 162 5 muscle muscle NN 30321 162 6 passed pass VBD 30321 162 7 posterodorsad posterodorsad NN 30321 162 8 and and CC 30321 162 9 laterad laterad NN 30321 162 10 of of IN 30321 162 11 the the DT 30321 162 12 pterygoid pterygoid JJ 30321 162 13 flange flange NN 30321 162 14 . . . 30321 163 1 Insertion insertion NN 30321 163 2 was be VBD 30321 163 3 in in IN 30321 163 4 the the DT 30321 163 5 notch notch NN 30321 163 6 formed form VBN 30321 163 7 by by IN 30321 163 8 the the DT 30321 163 9 reflected reflected JJ 30321 163 10 lamina lamina NN 30321 163 11 of of IN 30321 163 12 the the DT 30321 163 13 angular angular JJ 30321 163 14 , , , 30321 163 15 as as IN 30321 163 16 suggested suggest VBN 30321 163 17 by by IN 30321 163 18 Watson Watson NNP 30321 163 19 ( ( -LRB- 30321 163 20 1948 1948 CD 30321 163 21 ) ) -RRB- 30321 163 22 . . . 30321 164 1 In in IN 30321 164 2 _ _ NNP 30321 164 3 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 164 4 _ _ NNP 30321 164 5 the the DT 30321 164 6 relationship relationship NN 30321 164 7 of of IN 30321 164 8 the the DT 30321 164 9 dorsal dorsal NN 30321 164 10 surface surface NN 30321 164 11 of of IN 30321 164 12 the the DT 30321 164 13 palate palate NN 30321 164 14 and and CC 30321 164 15 the the DT 30321 164 16 ventromedial ventromedial JJ 30321 164 17 surface surface NN 30321 164 18 of of IN 30321 164 19 the the DT 30321 164 20 mandible mandible JJ 30321 164 21 in in IN 30321 164 22 front front NN 30321 164 23 of of IN 30321 164 24 the the DT 30321 164 25 articulation articulation NN 30321 164 26 with with IN 30321 164 27 the the DT 30321 164 28 quadrate quadrate NN 30321 164 29 is be VBZ 30321 164 30 unlike unlike IN 30321 164 31 that that DT 30321 164 32 in in IN 30321 164 33 _ _ NNP 30321 164 34 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 164 35 _ _ NNP 30321 164 36 . . . 30321 165 1 When when WRB 30321 165 2 the the DT 30321 165 3 mandible mandible NN 30321 165 4 of of IN 30321 165 5 _ _ NNP 30321 165 6 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 165 7 _ _ NNP 30321 165 8 is be VBZ 30321 165 9 at at IN 30321 165 10 rest rest NN 30321 165 11 ( ( -LRB- 30321 165 12 adducted adducted NNP 30321 165 13 ) ) -RRB- 30321 165 14 , , , 30321 165 15 a a DT 30321 165 16 line line NN 30321 165 17 drawn draw VBN 30321 165 18 between between IN 30321 165 19 these these DT 30321 165 20 two two CD 30321 165 21 areas area NNS 30321 165 22 is be VBZ 30321 165 23 oblique oblique JJ 30321 165 24 , , , 30321 165 25 between between IN 30321 165 26 30 30 CD 30321 165 27 and and CC 30321 165 28 40 40 CD 30321 165 29 degrees degree NNS 30321 165 30 from from IN 30321 165 31 the the DT 30321 165 32 horizontal horizontal NN 30321 165 33 . . . 30321 166 1 Depression depression NN 30321 166 2 of of IN 30321 166 3 the the DT 30321 166 4 mandible mandible JJ 30321 166 5 increases increase NNS 30321 166 6 this this DT 30321 166 7 angle angle NN 30321 166 8 . . . 30321 167 1 The the DT 30321 167 2 insertion insertion NN 30321 167 3 of of IN 30321 167 4 the the DT 30321 167 5 anterior anterior NNP 30321 167 6 pterygoid pterygoid NNP 30321 167 7 is be VBZ 30321 167 8 thus thus RB 30321 167 9 always always RB 30321 167 10 considerably considerably RB 30321 167 11 below below IN 30321 167 12 the the DT 30321 167 13 origin origin NN 30321 167 14 , , , 30321 167 15 permitting permit VBG 30321 167 16 the the DT 30321 167 17 muscle muscle NN 30321 167 18 to to TO 30321 167 19 be be VB 30321 167 20 active active JJ 30321 167 21 throughout throughout IN 30321 167 22 the the DT 30321 167 23 movement movement NN 30321 167 24 of of IN 30321 167 25 the the DT 30321 167 26 mandible mandible JJ 30321 167 27 , , , 30321 167 28 from from IN 30321 167 29 maximum maximum JJ 30321 167 30 depression depression NN 30321 167 31 to to TO 30321 167 32 complete complete VB 30321 167 33 adduction adduction NN 30321 167 34 . . . 30321 168 1 This this DT 30321 168 2 was be VBD 30321 168 3 a a DT 30321 168 4 major major JJ 30321 168 5 factor factor NN 30321 168 6 in in IN 30321 168 7 adding add VBG 30321 168 8 substantially substantially RB 30321 168 9 to to IN 30321 168 10 the the DT 30321 168 11 speed speed NN 30321 168 12 and and CC 30321 168 13 power power NN 30321 168 14 of of IN 30321 168 15 the the DT 30321 168 16 bite bite NN 30321 168 17 . . . 30321 169 1 The the DT 30321 169 2 presence presence NN 30321 169 3 and and CC 30321 169 4 extent extent NN 30321 169 5 of of IN 30321 169 6 a a DT 30321 169 7 posterior posterior NN 30321 169 8 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 169 9 is be VBZ 30321 169 10 more more RBR 30321 169 11 difficult difficult JJ 30321 169 12 to to TO 30321 169 13 assess assess VB 30321 169 14 , , , 30321 169 15 because because IN 30321 169 16 of of IN 30321 169 17 the the DT 30321 169 18 closeness closeness NN 30321 169 19 of of IN 30321 169 20 the the DT 30321 169 21 glenoid glenoid NNP 30321 169 22 cavity cavity NN 30321 169 23 and and CC 30321 169 24 the the DT 30321 169 25 raised raised JJ 30321 169 26 ridge ridge NN 30321 169 27 of of IN 30321 169 28 the the DT 30321 169 29 prearticular prearticular JJ 30321 169 30 , , , 30321 169 31 and and CC 30321 169 32 the the DT 30321 169 33 occupancy occupancy NN 30321 169 34 of of IN 30321 169 35 at at IN 30321 169 36 least least JJS 30321 169 37 part part NN 30321 169 38 of of IN 30321 169 39 this this DT 30321 169 40 region region NN 30321 169 41 by by IN 30321 169 42 the the DT 30321 169 43 anterior anterior NNP 30321 169 44 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 169 45 . . . 30321 170 1 In in IN 30321 170 2 some some DT 30321 170 3 specimens specimen NNS 30321 170 4 of of IN 30321 170 5 _ _ NNP 30321 170 6 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 170 7 _ _ NNP 30321 170 8 the the DT 30321 170 9 internal internal JJ 30321 170 10 process process NN 30321 170 11 of of IN 30321 170 12 the the DT 30321 170 13 articular articular NNP 30321 170 14 is be VBZ 30321 170 15 double double JJ 30321 170 16 ( ( -LRB- 30321 170 17 see see VB 30321 170 18 Romer Romer NNP 30321 170 19 and and CC 30321 170 20 Price Price NNP 30321 170 21 , , , 30321 170 22 1940:87 1940:87 CD 30321 170 23 , , , 30321 170 24 Fig Fig NNP 30321 170 25 . . . 30321 171 1 16 16 LS 30321 171 2 ) ) -RRB- 30321 171 3 indicating indicate VBG 30321 171 4 that that IN 30321 171 5 there there EX 30321 171 6 was be VBD 30321 171 7 a a DT 30321 171 8 double double JJ 30321 171 9 insertion insertion NN 30321 171 10 here here RB 30321 171 11 . . . 30321 172 1 Whether whether IN 30321 172 2 the the DT 30321 172 3 double double JJ 30321 172 4 insertion insertion NN 30321 172 5 implies imply VBZ 30321 172 6 the the DT 30321 172 7 insertion insertion NN 30321 172 8 of of IN 30321 172 9 two two CD 30321 172 10 separate separate JJ 30321 172 11 muscles muscle NNS 30321 172 12 is be VBZ 30321 172 13 , , , 30321 172 14 of of IN 30321 172 15 course course NN 30321 172 16 , , , 30321 172 17 the the DT 30321 172 18 problem problem NN 30321 172 19 . . . 30321 173 1 Division division NN 30321 173 2 of of IN 30321 173 3 the the DT 30321 173 4 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 173 5 into into IN 30321 173 6 anterior anterior NNP 30321 173 7 and and CC 30321 173 8 posterior posterior JJ 30321 173 9 portions portion NNS 30321 173 10 is be VBZ 30321 173 11 the the DT 30321 173 12 reptilian reptilian JJ 30321 173 13 pattern pattern NN 30321 173 14 ( ( -LRB- 30321 173 15 Adams Adams NNP 30321 173 16 , , , 30321 173 17 1919 1919 CD 30321 173 18 ) ) -RRB- 30321 173 19 , , , 30321 173 20 and and CC 30321 173 21 such such JJ 30321 173 22 is be VBZ 30321 173 23 adhered adhere VBN 30321 173 24 to to IN 30321 173 25 here here RB 30321 173 26 , , , 30321 173 27 with with IN 30321 173 28 the the DT 30321 173 29 posterior posterior NN 30321 173 30 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 173 31 arising arise VBG 30321 173 32 as as IN 30321 173 33 a a DT 30321 173 34 thin thin JJ 30321 173 35 sheet sheet NN 30321 173 36 from from IN 30321 173 37 the the DT 30321 173 38 quadrate quadrate JJ 30321 173 39 wing wing NN 30321 173 40 of of IN 30321 173 41 the the DT 30321 173 42 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 173 43 and and CC 30321 173 44 the the DT 30321 173 45 quadrate quadrate NN 30321 173 46 , , , 30321 173 47 and and CC 30321 173 48 inserting insert VBG 30321 173 49 by by IN 30321 173 50 means mean NNS 30321 173 51 of of IN 30321 173 52 a a DT 30321 173 53 tendon tendon NN 30321 173 54 on on IN 30321 173 55 the the DT 30321 173 56 internal internal JJ 30321 173 57 process process NN 30321 173 58 of of IN 30321 173 59 the the DT 30321 173 60 articular articular JJ 30321 173 61 , , , 30321 173 62 next next JJ 30321 173 63 to to IN 30321 173 64 the the DT 30321 173 65 insertion insertion NN 30321 173 66 of of IN 30321 173 67 the the DT 30321 173 68 anterior anterior NNP 30321 173 69 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 173 70 . . . 30321 174 1 [ [ -LRB- 30321 174 2 Illustration illustration NN 30321 174 3 : : : 30321 174 4 FIG FIG NNP 30321 174 5 . . . 30321 175 1 6 6 CD 30321 175 2 . . . 30321 176 1 _ _ NNP 30321 176 2 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 176 3 . . . 30321 176 4 _ _ NNP 30321 176 5 Internal internal JJ 30321 176 6 aspect aspect NN 30321 176 7 of of IN 30321 176 8 right right JJ 30321 176 9 cheek cheek NN 30321 176 10 , , , 30321 176 11 showing show VBG 30321 176 12 anterior anterior NN 30321 176 13 and and CC 30321 176 14 posterior posterior JJ 30321 176 15 pterygoid pterygoid JJ 30321 176 16 muscles muscle NNS 30321 176 17 . . . 30321 177 1 Skull Skull NNP 30321 177 2 modified modify VBD 30321 177 3 from from IN 30321 177 4 Romer Romer NNP 30321 177 5 and and CC 30321 177 6 Price Price NNP 30321 177 7 ( ( -LRB- 30321 177 8 1940 1940 CD 30321 177 9 ) ) -RRB- 30321 177 10 . . . 30321 178 1 Approx approx NN 30321 178 2 . . . 30321 179 1 × × UH 30321 179 2 1/4 1/4 CD 30321 179 3 . . . 30321 179 4 ] ] -RRB- 30321 180 1 Watson Watson NNP 30321 180 2 ( ( -LRB- 30321 180 3 1948 1948 CD 30321 180 4 ) ) -RRB- 30321 180 5 has have VBZ 30321 180 6 reconstructed reconstruct VBN 30321 180 7 the the DT 30321 180 8 musculature musculature NN 30321 180 9 of of IN 30321 180 10 the the DT 30321 180 11 jaw jaw NN 30321 180 12 in in IN 30321 180 13 _ _ NNP 30321 180 14 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 180 15 _ _ NNP 30321 180 16 with with IN 30321 180 17 results result NNS 30321 180 18 that that WDT 30321 180 19 are be VBP 30321 180 20 at at IN 30321 180 21 variance variance NN 30321 180 22 with with IN 30321 180 23 those those DT 30321 180 24 of of IN 30321 180 25 the the DT 30321 180 26 present present JJ 30321 180 27 study study NN 30321 180 28 . . . 30321 181 1 Watson Watson NNP 30321 181 2 recognized recognize VBD 30321 181 3 two two CD 30321 181 4 divisions division NNS 30321 181 5 , , , 30321 181 6 an an DT 30321 181 7 inner inner JJ 30321 181 8 temporal temporal JJ 30321 181 9 and and CC 30321 181 10 an an DT 30321 181 11 outer outer JJ 30321 181 12 masseteric masseteric NN 30321 181 13 , , , 30321 181 14 of of IN 30321 181 15 the the DT 30321 181 16 capitimandibularis capitimandibularis NN 30321 181 17 , , , 30321 181 18 but but CC 30321 181 19 has have VBZ 30321 181 20 pictured picture VBN 30321 181 21 them -PRON- PRP 30321 181 22 ( ( -LRB- 30321 181 23 830 830 CD 30321 181 24 : : : 30321 181 25 Fig Fig NNP 30321 181 26 . . . 30321 182 1 4 4 LS 30321 182 2 ; ; : 30321 182 3 831 831 CD 30321 182 4 : : : 30321 182 5 Fig fig NN 30321 182 6 . . . 30321 183 1 5C 5c LS 30321 183 2 ) ) -RRB- 30321 183 3 as as IN 30321 183 4 both both DT 30321 183 5 arising arise VBG 30321 183 6 from from IN 30321 183 7 the the DT 30321 183 8 inner inner JJ 30321 183 9 surface surface NN 30321 183 10 of of IN 30321 183 11 the the DT 30321 183 12 skull skull NN 30321 183 13 roof roof NN 30321 183 14 above above IN 30321 183 15 the the DT 30321 183 16 temporal temporal JJ 30321 183 17 opening opening NN 30321 183 18 . . . 30321 184 1 But but CC 30321 184 2 in in IN 30321 184 3 _ _ NNP 30321 184 4 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 184 5 _ _ NNP 30321 184 6 the the DT 30321 184 7 masseter masseter NN 30321 184 8 arose arise VBD 30321 184 9 from from IN 30321 184 10 the the DT 30321 184 11 lower low JJR 30321 184 12 part part NN 30321 184 13 of of IN 30321 184 14 the the DT 30321 184 15 cheek cheek NN 30321 184 16 close close JJ 30321 184 17 to to IN 30321 184 18 the the DT 30321 184 19 outer outer JJ 30321 184 20 surface surface NN 30321 184 21 of of IN 30321 184 22 the the DT 30321 184 23 coronoid coronoid NN 30321 184 24 process process NN 30321 184 25 . . . 30321 185 1 Watson Watson NNP 30321 185 2 has have VBZ 30321 185 3 shown show VBN 30321 185 4 ( ( -LRB- 30321 185 5 1948:860 1948:860 CD 30321 185 6 , , , 30321 185 7 Fig Fig NNP 30321 185 8 . . . 30321 186 1 17B 17b LS 30321 186 2 ) ) -RRB- 30321 186 3 the the DT 30321 186 4 same same JJ 30321 186 5 relationship relationship NN 30321 186 6 of of IN 30321 186 7 muscle muscle NN 30321 186 8 to to IN 30321 186 9 zygoma zygoma NNP 30321 186 10 in in IN 30321 186 11 _ _ NNP 30321 186 12 Kannemeyeria Kannemeyeria NNP 30321 186 13 sp sp NNP 30321 186 14 . . . 30321 186 15 _ _ NNP 30321 186 16 It -PRON- PRP 30321 186 17 is be VBZ 30321 186 18 this this DT 30321 186 19 arrangement arrangement NN 30321 186 20 that that WDT 30321 186 21 is be VBZ 30321 186 22 also also RB 30321 186 23 characteristic characteristic JJ 30321 186 24 of of IN 30321 186 25 mammals mammal NNS 30321 186 26 and and CC 30321 186 27 presumably presumably RB 30321 186 28 of of IN 30321 186 29 _ _ NNP 30321 186 30 Thrinaxodon Thrinaxodon NNP 30321 186 31 _ _ NNP 30321 186 32 . . . 30321 187 1 In in IN 30321 187 2 view view NN 30321 187 3 of of IN 30321 187 4 the the DT 30321 187 5 consistency consistency NN 30321 187 6 of of IN 30321 187 7 this this DT 30321 187 8 pattern pattern NN 30321 187 9 , , , 30321 187 10 I -PRON- PRP 30321 187 11 have have VBP 30321 187 12 reconstructed reconstruct VBN 30321 187 13 the the DT 30321 187 14 masseter masseter NN 30321 187 15 as as IN 30321 187 16 arising arise VBG 30321 187 17 from from IN 30321 187 18 the the DT 30321 187 19 lower low JJR 30321 187 20 wall wall NN 30321 187 21 of of IN 30321 187 22 the the DT 30321 187 23 cheek cheek NN 30321 187 24 beneath beneath IN 30321 187 25 the the DT 30321 187 26 temporal temporal JJ 30321 187 27 opening opening NN 30321 187 28 . . . 30321 188 1 Watson Watson NNP 30321 188 2 's 's POS 30321 188 3 reconstruction reconstruction NN 30321 188 4 shows show VBZ 30321 188 5 both both DT 30321 188 6 the the DT 30321 188 7 temporal temporal JJ 30321 188 8 and and CC 30321 188 9 masseter masseter JJ 30321 188 10 muscles muscle NNS 30321 188 11 as as IN 30321 188 12 being be VBG 30321 188 13 limited limit VBN 30321 188 14 anteroposteriorly anteroposteriorly RB 30321 188 15 to to IN 30321 188 16 an an DT 30321 188 17 extent extent NN 30321 188 18 only only RB 30321 188 19 slightly slightly RB 30321 188 20 greater great JJR 30321 188 21 than than IN 30321 188 22 the the DT 30321 188 23 anteroposterior anteroposterior JJ 30321 188 24 diameter diameter NN 30321 188 25 of of IN 30321 188 26 the the DT 30321 188 27 temporal temporal JJ 30321 188 28 opening opening NN 30321 188 29 . . . 30321 189 1 The the DT 30321 189 2 whole whole NN 30321 189 3 of of IN 30321 189 4 the the DT 30321 189 5 posterior posterior NN 30321 189 6 half half NN 30321 189 7 of of IN 30321 189 8 the the DT 30321 189 9 adductor adductor NN 30321 189 10 chamber chamber NN 30321 189 11 is be VBZ 30321 189 12 unoccupied unoccupied JJ 30321 189 13 . . . 30321 190 1 More more RBR 30321 190 2 probably probably RB 30321 190 3 this this DT 30321 190 4 area area NN 30321 190 5 was be VBD 30321 190 6 filled fill VBN 30321 190 7 by by IN 30321 190 8 muscles muscle NNS 30321 190 9 . . . 30321 191 1 The the DT 30321 191 2 impress impress NN 30321 191 3 on on IN 30321 191 4 the the DT 30321 191 5 inner inner JJ 30321 191 6 surface surface NN 30321 191 7 of of IN 30321 191 8 the the DT 30321 191 9 cheek cheek NN 30321 191 10 is be VBZ 30321 191 11 evident evident JJ 30321 191 12 , , , 30321 191 13 and and CC 30321 191 14 the the DT 30321 191 15 extent extent NN 30321 191 16 of of IN 30321 191 17 both both CC 30321 191 18 the the DT 30321 191 19 coronoid coronoid NN 30321 191 20 process process NN 30321 191 21 and and CC 30321 191 22 Meckelian meckelian JJ 30321 191 23 opening opening NN 30321 191 24 beneath beneath IN 30321 191 25 the the DT 30321 191 26 rear rear JJ 30321 191 27 part part NN 30321 191 28 of of IN 30321 191 29 the the DT 30321 191 30 chamber chamber NN 30321 191 31 indicate indicate VBP 30321 191 32 that that IN 30321 191 33 muscles muscle NNS 30321 191 34 passed pass VBD 30321 191 35 through through IN 30321 191 36 this this DT 30321 191 37 area area NN 30321 191 38 . . . 30321 192 1 Watson Watson NNP 30321 192 2 remarked remark VBD 30321 192 3 ( ( -LRB- 30321 192 4 1948:829 1948:829 CD 30321 192 5 - - SYM 30321 192 6 830 830 CD 30321 192 7 ) ) -RRB- 30321 192 8 that that IN 30321 192 9 the the DT 30321 192 10 Meckelian meckelian JJ 30321 192 11 opening opening NN 30321 192 12 in in IN 30321 192 13 _ _ NNP 30321 192 14 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 192 15 _ _ NNP 30321 192 16 " " `` 30321 192 17 is be VBZ 30321 192 18 very very RB 30321 192 19 narrow narrow JJ 30321 192 20 and and CC 30321 192 21 the the DT 30321 192 22 jaw jaw NN 30321 192 23 cavity cavity NN 30321 192 24 is be VBZ 30321 192 25 very very RB 30321 192 26 small small JJ 30321 192 27 . . . 30321 193 1 None none NN 30321 193 2 the the DT 30321 193 3 less less RBR 30321 193 4 , , , 30321 193 5 it -PRON- PRP 30321 193 6 may may MD 30321 193 7 have have VB 30321 193 8 been be VBN 30321 193 9 occupied occupy VBN 30321 193 10 by by IN 30321 193 11 the the DT 30321 193 12 muscle muscle NN 30321 193 13 or or CC 30321 193 14 a a DT 30321 193 15 ligament ligament NN 30321 193 16 connected connect VBN 30321 193 17 to to IN 30321 193 18 it -PRON- PRP 30321 193 19 . . . 30321 194 1 Such such PDT 30321 194 2 an an DT 30321 194 3 insertion insertion NN 30321 194 4 leaves leave VBZ 30321 194 5 unexplained unexplaine VBD 30321 194 6 the the DT 30321 194 7 great great JJ 30321 194 8 dorsal dorsal NN 30321 194 9 production production NN 30321 194 10 of of IN 30321 194 11 the the DT 30321 194 12 dentary dentary JJ 30321 194 13 , , , 30321 194 14 surangular surangular JJ 30321 194 15 and and CC 30321 194 16 coronoid coronoid JJ 30321 194 17 . . . 30321 195 1 This this DT 30321 195 2 may may MD 30321 195 3 merely merely RB 30321 195 4 be be VB 30321 195 5 a a DT 30321 195 6 device device NN 30321 195 7 to to TO 30321 195 8 provide provide VB 30321 195 9 great great JJ 30321 195 10 dorsal dorsal NN 30321 195 11 - - , 30321 195 12 ventral ventral JJ 30321 195 13 stiffness stiffness NN 30321 195 14 to to IN 30321 195 15 the the DT 30321 195 16 long long JJ 30321 195 17 jaw jaw NN 30321 195 18 , , , 30321 195 19 but but CC 30321 195 20 it -PRON- PRP 30321 195 21 is be VBZ 30321 195 22 possible possible JJ 30321 195 23 and and CC 30321 195 24 probable probable JJ 30321 195 25 that that IN 30321 195 26 some some DT 30321 195 27 part part NN 30321 195 28 of of IN 30321 195 29 the the DT 30321 195 30 temporal temporal JJ 30321 195 31 muscle muscle NN 30321 195 32 was be VBD 30321 195 33 inserted insert VBN 30321 195 34 on on IN 30321 195 35 the the DT 30321 195 36 inner inner JJ 30321 195 37 surface surface NN 30321 195 38 of of IN 30321 195 39 the the DT 30321 195 40 coronoid coronoid NN 30321 195 41 . . . 30321 196 1 Indeed indeed RB 30321 196 2 a a DT 30321 196 3 very very RB 30321 196 4 well well RB 30321 196 5 - - HYPH 30321 196 6 preserved preserve VBN 30321 196 7 jaw jaw NN 30321 196 8 of of IN 30321 196 9 _ _ NNP 30321 196 10 D. D. NNP 30321 197 1 limbatus limbatus NNP 30321 197 2 ? ? . 30321 197 3 _ _ NNP 30321 197 4 ( ( -LRB- 30321 197 5 R. R. NNP 30321 197 6 105 105 CD 30321 197 7 : : : 30321 197 8 Pl Pl NNP 30321 197 9 . . . 30321 198 1 I -PRON- PRP 30321 198 2 , , , 30321 198 3 Fig Fig NNP 30321 198 4 . . . 30321 199 1 2 2 LS 30321 199 2 ) ) -RRB- 30321 199 3 bears bear VBZ 30321 199 4 a a DT 30321 199 5 special special JJ 30321 199 6 depressed depressed JJ 30321 199 7 area area NN 30321 199 8 on on IN 30321 199 9 the the DT 30321 199 10 outer outer JJ 30321 199 11 surface surface NN 30321 199 12 of of IN 30321 199 13 the the DT 30321 199 14 extreme extreme JJ 30321 199 15 hinder hinder NN 30321 199 16 end end NN 30321 199 17 of of IN 30321 199 18 the the DT 30321 199 19 dentary dentary NN 30321 199 20 which which WDT 30321 199 21 differs differ VBZ 30321 199 22 in in IN 30321 199 23 surface surface NN 30321 199 24 modelling model VBG 30321 199 25 from from IN 30321 199 26 the the DT 30321 199 27 rest rest NN 30321 199 28 of of IN 30321 199 29 the the DT 30321 199 30 surface surface NN 30321 199 31 of of IN 30321 199 32 the the DT 30321 199 33 jaw jaw NN 30321 199 34 , , , 30321 199 35 has have VBZ 30321 199 36 a a DT 30321 199 37 definite definite JJ 30321 199 38 limit limit NN 30321 199 39 anteriorly anteriorly RB 30321 199 40 , , , 30321 199 41 and and CC 30321 199 42 may may MD 30321 199 43 represent represent VB 30321 199 44 a a DT 30321 199 45 muscle muscle NN 30321 199 46 insertion insertion NN 30321 199 47 . . . 30321 200 1 The the DT 30321 200 2 nature nature NN 30321 200 3 of of IN 30321 200 4 these these DT 30321 200 5 insertions insertion NNS 30321 200 6 suggests suggest VBZ 30321 200 7 that that IN 30321 200 8 the the DT 30321 200 9 muscle muscle NN 30321 200 10 was be VBD 30321 200 11 already already RB 30321 200 12 divided divide VBN 30321 200 13 into into IN 30321 200 14 two two CD 30321 200 15 parts part NNS 30321 200 16 , , , 30321 200 17 an an DT 30321 200 18 outer outer JJ 30321 200 19 masseter masseter NN 30321 200 20 and and CC 30321 200 21 an an DT 30321 200 22 inner inner JJ 30321 200 23 temporalis temporalis NN 30321 200 24 . . . 30321 200 25 " " '' 30321 201 1 But but CC 30321 201 2 , , , 30321 201 3 unaccountably unaccountably RB 30321 201 4 , , , 30321 201 5 Watson Watson NNP 30321 201 6 's 's POS 30321 201 7 illustration illustration NN 30321 201 8 ( ( -LRB- 30321 201 9 1948:830 1948:830 CD 30321 201 10 , , , 30321 201 11 Fig Fig NNP 30321 201 12 . . . 30321 202 1 4 4 LS 30321 202 2 ) ) -RRB- 30321 202 3 of of IN 30321 202 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 30321 202 5 reconstruction reconstruction NN 30321 202 6 limits limit VBZ 30321 202 7 the the DT 30321 202 8 insertion insertion NN 30321 202 9 of of IN 30321 202 10 the the DT 30321 202 11 temporal temporal JJ 30321 202 12 to to IN 30321 202 13 the the DT 30321 202 14 anterior anterior JJ 30321 202 15 limit limit NN 30321 202 16 of of IN 30321 202 17 the the DT 30321 202 18 Meckelian meckelian JJ 30321 202 19 opening opening NN 30321 202 20 and and CC 30321 202 21 a a DT 30321 202 22 part part NN 30321 202 23 of of IN 30321 202 24 the the DT 30321 202 25 coronoid coronoid NN 30321 202 26 process process NN 30321 202 27 above above IN 30321 202 28 it -PRON- PRP 30321 202 29 . . . 30321 203 1 No no DT 30321 203 2 muscle muscle NN 30321 203 3 is be VBZ 30321 203 4 shown show VBN 30321 203 5 entering enter VBG 30321 203 6 the the DT 30321 203 7 Meckelian meckelian JJ 30321 203 8 canal canal NN 30321 203 9 . . . 30321 204 1 It -PRON- PRP 30321 204 2 seems seem VBZ 30321 204 3 more more RBR 30321 204 4 likely likely JJ 30321 204 5 that that IN 30321 204 6 the the DT 30321 204 7 temporal temporal JJ 30321 204 8 entered enter VBN 30321 204 9 and and CC 30321 204 10 inserted insert VBN 30321 204 11 in in IN 30321 204 12 the the DT 30321 204 13 canal canal NN 30321 204 14 and and CC 30321 204 15 on on IN 30321 204 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 30321 204 17 dorsal dorsal NN 30321 204 18 lips lip NNS 30321 204 19 . . . 30321 205 1 The the DT 30321 205 2 masseter masseter NN 30321 205 3 inserted insert VBD 30321 205 4 lateral lateral JJ 30321 205 5 to to IN 30321 205 6 it -PRON- PRP 30321 205 7 , , , 30321 205 8 over over IN 30321 205 9 the the DT 30321 205 10 peak peak NN 30321 205 11 of of IN 30321 205 12 the the DT 30321 205 13 coronoid coronoid NN 30321 205 14 process process NN 30321 205 15 , , , 30321 205 16 and and CC 30321 205 17 overlapping overlap VBG 30321 205 18 onto onto IN 30321 205 19 the the DT 30321 205 20 dorsalmost dorsalmost NN 30321 205 21 portions portion NNS 30321 205 22 of of IN 30321 205 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 30321 205 24 external external JJ 30321 205 25 face face NN 30321 205 26 , , , 30321 205 27 as as IN 30321 205 28 Watson Watson NNP 30321 205 29 has have VBZ 30321 205 30 illustrated illustrate VBN 30321 205 31 ( ( -LRB- 30321 205 32 Plate Plate NNP 30321 205 33 I -PRON- PRP 30321 205 34 , , , 30321 205 35 middle middle NNP 30321 205 36 fig fig NNP 30321 205 37 . . . 30321 205 38 ) ) -RRB- 30321 205 39 . . . 30321 206 1 I -PRON- PRP 30321 206 2 am be VBP 30321 206 3 in in IN 30321 206 4 agreement agreement NN 30321 206 5 with with IN 30321 206 6 Watson Watson NNP 30321 206 7 's 's POS 30321 206 8 reconstruction reconstruction NN 30321 206 9 of of IN 30321 206 10 the the DT 30321 206 11 origins origin NNS 30321 206 12 for for IN 30321 206 13 both both DT 30321 206 14 the the DT 30321 206 15 anterior anterior NNP 30321 206 16 and and CC 30321 206 17 posterior posterior NNP 30321 206 18 pterygoid pterygoid JJ 30321 206 19 muscles muscle NNS 30321 206 20 . . . 30321 207 1 On on IN 30321 207 2 a a DT 30321 207 3 functional functional JJ 30321 207 4 basis basis NN 30321 207 5 , , , 30321 207 6 however however RB 30321 207 7 , , , 30321 207 8 I -PRON- PRP 30321 207 9 would would MD 30321 207 10 modify modify VB 30321 207 11 slightly slightly RB 30321 207 12 Watson Watson NNP 30321 207 13 's 's POS 30321 207 14 placement placement NN 30321 207 15 of of IN 30321 207 16 the the DT 30321 207 17 insertions insertion NNS 30321 207 18 of of IN 30321 207 19 these these DT 30321 207 20 muscles muscle NNS 30321 207 21 . . . 30321 208 1 Watson Watson NNP 30321 208 2 believed believe VBD 30321 208 3 that that IN 30321 208 4 the the DT 30321 208 5 jaw jaw NN 30321 208 6 of of IN 30321 208 7 _ _ NNP 30321 208 8 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 208 9 _ _ NNP 30321 208 10 was be VBD 30321 208 11 capable capable JJ 30321 208 12 of of IN 30321 208 13 anteroposterior anteroposterior NN 30321 208 14 sliding slide VBG 30321 208 15 . . . 30321 209 1 The the DT 30321 209 2 articular articular JJ 30321 209 3 surfaces surface NNS 30321 209 4 of of IN 30321 209 5 the the DT 30321 209 6 jaws jaw NNS 30321 209 7 of of IN 30321 209 8 _ _ NNP 30321 209 9 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 209 10 _ _ NNP 30321 209 11 that that IN 30321 209 12 I -PRON- PRP 30321 209 13 have have VBP 30321 209 14 examined examine VBN 30321 209 15 indicate indicate VBP 30321 209 16 that that IN 30321 209 17 this this DT 30321 209 18 capability capability NN 30321 209 19 , , , 30321 209 20 if if IN 30321 209 21 present present JJ 30321 209 22 at at RB 30321 209 23 all all RB 30321 209 24 , , , 30321 209 25 was be VBD 30321 209 26 surely surely RB 30321 209 27 of of IN 30321 209 28 a a DT 30321 209 29 very very RB 30321 209 30 limited limited JJ 30321 209 31 degree degree NN 30321 209 32 , , , 30321 209 33 and and CC 30321 209 34 in in IN 30321 209 35 no no DT 30321 209 36 way way NN 30321 209 37 comparable comparable JJ 30321 209 38 to to IN 30321 209 39 that that DT 30321 209 40 of of IN 30321 209 41 _ _ NNP 30321 209 42 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 209 43 _ _ NNP 30321 209 44 . . . 30321 210 1 The the DT 30321 210 2 dentition dentition NN 30321 210 3 of of IN 30321 210 4 _ _ NNP 30321 210 5 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 210 6 _ _ NNP 30321 210 7 further further RB 30321 210 8 substantiates substantiate VBZ 30321 210 9 the the DT 30321 210 10 movement movement NN 30321 210 11 of of IN 30321 210 12 the the DT 30321 210 13 jaw jaw NN 30321 210 14 in in IN 30321 210 15 a a DT 30321 210 16 simple simple JJ 30321 210 17 up up RB 30321 210 18 and and CC 30321 210 19 down down IN 30321 210 20 direction direction NN 30321 210 21 . . . 30321 211 1 The the DT 30321 211 2 teeth tooth NNS 30321 211 3 of of IN 30321 211 4 _ _ NNP 30321 211 5 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 211 6 _ _ NNP 30321 211 7 are be VBP 30321 211 8 clearly clearly RB 30321 211 9 stabbing stab VBG 30321 211 10 devices device NNS 30321 211 11 ; ; : 30321 211 12 they -PRON- PRP 30321 211 13 are be VBP 30321 211 14 not not RB 30321 211 15 modified modify VBN 30321 211 16 at at RB 30321 211 17 all all RB 30321 211 18 for for IN 30321 211 19 grinding grinding NN 30321 211 20 and and CC 30321 211 21 the the DT 30321 211 22 correlative correlative JJ 30321 211 23 freedom freedom NN 30321 211 24 of of IN 30321 211 25 movement movement NN 30321 211 26 of of IN 30321 211 27 the the DT 30321 211 28 jaw jaw NN 30321 211 29 that that WDT 30321 211 30 that that DT 30321 211 31 function function NN 30321 211 32 requires require VBZ 30321 211 33 in in IN 30321 211 34 an an DT 30321 211 35 animal animal NN 30321 211 36 such such JJ 30321 211 37 as as IN 30321 211 38 _ _ NNP 30321 211 39 Edaphosaurus Edaphosaurus NNP 30321 211 40 _ _ NNP 30321 211 41 . . . 30321 212 1 Nor nor CC 30321 212 2 are be VBP 30321 212 3 they -PRON- PRP 30321 212 4 modified modify VBN 30321 212 5 to to TO 30321 212 6 parallel parallel VB 30321 212 7 the the DT 30321 212 8 teeth tooth NNS 30321 212 9 of of IN 30321 212 10 _ _ NNP 30321 212 11 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 212 12 _ _ NNP 30321 212 13 . . . 30321 213 1 The the DT 30321 213 2 latter latter NN 30321 213 3 's 's POS 30321 213 4 diet diet NN 30321 213 5 is be VBZ 30321 213 6 less less RBR 30321 213 7 certain certain JJ 30321 213 8 , , , 30321 213 9 but but CC 30321 213 10 presumably presumably RB 30321 213 11 it -PRON- PRP 30321 213 12 was be VBD 30321 213 13 insectivorous insectivorous JJ 30321 213 14 ( ( -LRB- 30321 213 15 Romer Romer NNP 30321 213 16 , , , 30321 213 17 1928 1928 CD 30321 213 18 ) ) -RRB- 30321 213 19 . . . 30321 214 1 With with IN 30321 214 2 the the DT 30321 214 3 requisite requisite JJ 30321 214 4 difference difference NN 30321 214 5 in in IN 30321 214 6 levels level NNS 30321 214 7 of of IN 30321 214 8 origin origin NN 30321 214 9 and and CC 30321 214 10 insertion insertion NN 30321 214 11 of of IN 30321 214 12 the the DT 30321 214 13 anterior anterior NNP 30321 214 14 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 214 15 in in IN 30321 214 16 _ _ NNP 30321 214 17 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 214 18 _ _ NNP 30321 214 19 insuring insure VBG 30321 214 20 the the DT 30321 214 21 application application NN 30321 214 22 of of IN 30321 214 23 force force NN 30321 214 24 throughout throughout IN 30321 214 25 the the DT 30321 214 26 adduction adduction NN 30321 214 27 of of IN 30321 214 28 the the DT 30321 214 29 jaws jaw NNS 30321 214 30 , , , 30321 214 31 it -PRON- PRP 30321 214 32 would would MD 30321 214 33 seem seem VB 30321 214 34 that that IN 30321 214 35 the the DT 30321 214 36 whole whole NN 30321 214 37 of of IN 30321 214 38 the the DT 30321 214 39 insertion insertion NN 30321 214 40 should should MD 30321 214 41 be be VB 30321 214 42 shifted shift VBN 30321 214 43 downward downward RB 30321 214 44 and and CC 30321 214 45 outward outward RB 30321 214 46 in in IN 30321 214 47 the the DT 30321 214 48 notch notch NN 30321 214 49 . . . 30321 215 1 If if IN 30321 215 2 this this DT 30321 215 3 change change NN 30321 215 4 were be VBD 30321 215 5 made make VBN 30321 215 6 in in IN 30321 215 7 the the DT 30321 215 8 reconstruction reconstruction NN 30321 215 9 , , , 30321 215 10 the the DT 30321 215 11 anterior anterior NNP 30321 215 12 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 215 13 would would MD 30321 215 14 have have VB 30321 215 15 to to TO 30321 215 16 be be VB 30321 215 17 thought think VBN 30321 215 18 of of IN 30321 215 19 as as IN 30321 215 20 having have VBG 30321 215 21 arisen arise VBN 30321 215 22 by by IN 30321 215 23 a a DT 30321 215 24 tendon tendon NN 30321 215 25 from from IN 30321 215 26 the the DT 30321 215 27 ridge ridge NN 30321 215 28 that that WDT 30321 215 29 Watson Watson NNP 30321 215 30 has have VBZ 30321 215 31 pictured picture VBN 30321 215 32 ( ( -LRB- 30321 215 33 1948:828 1948:828 CD 30321 215 34 , , , 30321 215 35 Fig fig NN 30321 215 36 . . . 30321 216 1 3 3 LS 30321 216 2 ) ) -RRB- 30321 216 3 as as IN 30321 216 4 separating separate VBG 30321 216 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 30321 216 6 origins origin NNS 30321 216 7 for for IN 30321 216 8 anterior anterior NNP 30321 216 9 and and CC 30321 216 10 posterior posterior NN 30321 216 11 pterygoids pterygoid NNS 30321 216 12 . . . 30321 217 1 The the DT 30321 217 2 posterior posterior NN 30321 217 3 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 217 4 , , , 30321 217 5 in in IN 30321 217 6 turn turn NN 30321 217 7 , , , 30321 217 8 arose arise VBN 30321 217 9 by by IN 30321 217 10 tendons tendon NNS 30321 217 11 from from IN 30321 217 12 the the DT 30321 217 13 adjoining adjoining JJ 30321 217 14 lateral lateral JJ 30321 217 15 ridge ridge NN 30321 217 16 and and CC 30321 217 17 from from IN 30321 217 18 the the DT 30321 217 19 pterygoid pterygoid JJ 30321 217 20 process process NN 30321 217 21 of of IN 30321 217 22 Romer Romer NNP 30321 217 23 and and CC 30321 217 24 Price Price NNP 30321 217 25 . . . 30321 218 1 Tendinous tendinous JJ 30321 218 2 origins origin NNS 30321 218 3 are be VBP 30321 218 4 indicated indicate VBN 30321 218 5 by by IN 30321 218 6 the the DT 30321 218 7 limitations limitation NNS 30321 218 8 of of IN 30321 218 9 space space NN 30321 218 10 in in IN 30321 218 11 this this DT 30321 218 12 area area NN 30321 218 13 , , , 30321 218 14 by by IN 30321 218 15 the the DT 30321 218 16 strength strength NN 30321 218 17 of of IN 30321 218 18 the the DT 30321 218 19 ridges ridge NNS 30321 218 20 pictured picture VBN 30321 218 21 and and CC 30321 218 22 reported report VBN 30321 218 23 by by IN 30321 218 24 Watson Watson NNP 30321 218 25 , , , 30321 218 26 and and CC 30321 218 27 by by IN 30321 218 28 the the DT 30321 218 29 massiveness massiveness NN 30321 218 30 of of IN 30321 218 31 the the DT 30321 218 32 pterygoid pterygoid JJ 30321 218 33 process process NN 30321 218 34 of of IN 30321 218 35 Romer Romer NNP 30321 218 36 and and CC 30321 218 37 Price Price NNP 30321 218 38 . . . 30321 219 1 Discussion Discussion NNP 30321 219 2 A a DT 30321 219 3 comparison comparison NN 30321 219 4 of of IN 30321 219 5 the the DT 30321 219 6 general general JJ 30321 219 7 pattern pattern NN 30321 219 8 of of IN 30321 219 9 the the DT 30321 219 10 adductor adductor NN 30321 219 11 musculature musculature NN 30321 219 12 of of IN 30321 219 13 _ _ NNP 30321 219 14 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 219 15 _ _ NNP 30321 219 16 and and CC 30321 219 17 _ _ NNP 30321 219 18 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 219 19 _ _ NNP 30321 219 20 reveals reveal VBZ 30321 219 21 an an DT 30321 219 22 expected expected JJ 30321 219 23 similarity similarity NN 30321 219 24 . . . 30321 220 1 The the DT 30321 220 2 evidence evidence NN 30321 220 3 indicates indicate VBZ 30321 220 4 that that IN 30321 220 5 the the DT 30321 220 6 lateral lateral JJ 30321 220 7 and and CC 30321 220 8 medial medial JJ 30321 220 9 temporal temporal JJ 30321 220 10 masses masse NNS 30321 220 11 were be VBD 30321 220 12 present present JJ 30321 220 13 in in IN 30321 220 14 both both DT 30321 220 15 genera genera NN 30321 220 16 . . . 30321 221 1 The the DT 30321 221 2 anterior anterior JJ 30321 221 3 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 221 4 aided aid VBD 30321 221 5 in in IN 30321 221 6 initiating initiate VBG 30321 221 7 adduction adduction NN 30321 221 8 in in IN 30321 221 9 _ _ NNP 30321 221 10 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 221 11 _ _ NNP 30321 221 12 , , , 30321 221 13 whereas whereas IN 30321 221 14 in in IN 30321 221 15 _ _ NNP 30321 221 16 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 221 17 _ _ NNP 30321 221 18 this this DT 30321 221 19 muscle muscle NN 30321 221 20 was be VBD 30321 221 21 adductive adductive JJ 30321 221 22 throughout throughout IN 30321 221 23 the the DT 30321 221 24 swing swing NN 30321 221 25 of of IN 30321 221 26 the the DT 30321 221 27 jaw jaw NN 30321 221 28 . . . 30321 222 1 Evidence evidence NN 30321 222 2 for for IN 30321 222 3 the the DT 30321 222 4 presence presence NN 30321 222 5 and and CC 30321 222 6 extent extent NN 30321 222 7 of of IN 30321 222 8 a a DT 30321 222 9 pseudotemporal pseudotemporal JJ 30321 222 10 muscle muscle NN 30321 222 11 in in IN 30321 222 12 both both DT 30321 222 13 _ _ NNP 30321 222 14 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 222 15 _ _ NNP 30321 222 16 and and CC 30321 222 17 _ _ NNP 30321 222 18 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 222 19 _ _ NNP 30321 222 20 is be VBZ 30321 222 21 lacking lack VBG 30321 222 22 . . . 30321 223 1 The the DT 30321 223 2 posterior posterior NN 30321 223 3 division division NN 30321 223 4 of of IN 30321 223 5 the the DT 30321 223 6 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 223 7 is be VBZ 30321 223 8 small small JJ 30321 223 9 in in IN 30321 223 10 _ _ NNP 30321 223 11 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 223 12 _ _ NNP 30321 223 13 . . . 30321 224 1 In in IN 30321 224 2 _ _ NNP 30321 224 3 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 224 4 _ _ NNP 30321 224 5 this this DT 30321 224 6 muscle muscle NN 30321 224 7 has have VBZ 30321 224 8 been be VBN 30321 224 9 reconstructed reconstruct VBN 30321 224 10 by by IN 30321 224 11 Watson Watson NNP 30321 224 12 as as IN 30321 224 13 a a DT 30321 224 14 major major JJ 30321 224 15 adductor adductor NN 30321 224 16 , , , 30321 224 17 an an DT 30321 224 18 arrangement arrangement NN 30321 224 19 that that WDT 30321 224 20 is be VBZ 30321 224 21 adhered adhere VBN 30321 224 22 to to IN 30321 224 23 here here RB 30321 224 24 with with IN 30321 224 25 but but CC 30321 224 26 slight slight JJ 30321 224 27 modification modification NN 30321 224 28 . . . 30321 225 1 The the DT 30321 225 2 dentition dentition NN 30321 225 3 of of IN 30321 225 4 _ _ NNP 30321 225 5 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 225 6 _ _ NNP 30321 225 7 suggests suggest VBZ 30321 225 8 that that IN 30321 225 9 the the DT 30321 225 10 jaw jaw NN 30321 225 11 movement movement NN 30321 225 12 in in IN 30321 225 13 feeding feeding NN 30321 225 14 was be VBD 30321 225 15 more more RBR 30321 225 16 complex complex JJ 30321 225 17 than than IN 30321 225 18 the the DT 30321 225 19 simple simple JJ 30321 225 20 depression depression NN 30321 225 21 and and CC 30321 225 22 adduction adduction NN 30321 225 23 that that WDT 30321 225 24 was be VBD 30321 225 25 probably probably RB 30321 225 26 characteristic characteristic JJ 30321 225 27 of of IN 30321 225 28 _ _ NNP 30321 225 29 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 225 30 _ _ NNP 30321 225 31 and and CC 30321 225 32 supports support VBZ 30321 225 33 the the DT 30321 225 34 osteological osteological JJ 30321 225 35 evidence evidence NN 30321 225 36 for for IN 30321 225 37 a a DT 30321 225 38 relatively relatively RB 30321 225 39 complex complex JJ 30321 225 40 adductor adductor NN 30321 225 41 mechanism mechanism NN 30321 225 42 . . . 30321 226 1 In in IN 30321 226 2 _ _ NNP 30321 226 3 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 226 4 _ _ NNP 30321 226 5 the the DT 30321 226 6 presence presence NN 30321 226 7 of of IN 30321 226 8 an an DT 30321 226 9 overlapping overlap VBG 30321 226 10 premaxillary premaxillary JJ 30321 226 11 beak beak JJ 30321 226 12 bearing bearing NN 30321 226 13 teeth tooth NNS 30321 226 14 that that WDT 30321 226 15 are be VBP 30321 226 16 slanted slant VBN 30321 226 17 posteriorly posteriorly RB 30321 226 18 requires require VBZ 30321 226 19 that that IN 30321 226 20 the the DT 30321 226 21 mandible mandible JJ 30321 226 22 be be VB 30321 226 23 drawn draw VBN 30321 226 24 back back RB 30321 226 25 in in IN 30321 226 26 order order NN 30321 226 27 to to TO 30321 226 28 be be VB 30321 226 29 depressed depressed JJ 30321 226 30 . . . 30321 227 1 Conversely conversely RB 30321 227 2 , , , 30321 227 3 during during IN 30321 227 4 closure closure NN 30321 227 5 , , , 30321 227 6 the the DT 30321 227 7 jaw jaw NN 30321 227 8 must must MD 30321 227 9 be be VB 30321 227 10 pulled pull VBN 30321 227 11 forward forward RB 30321 227 12 to to TO 30321 227 13 complete complete VB 30321 227 14 full full JJ 30321 227 15 adduction adduction NN 30321 227 16 . . . 30321 228 1 The the DT 30321 228 2 quadrate quadrate NN 30321 228 3 - - HYPH 30321 228 4 articular articular JJ 30321 228 5 joint joint NN 30321 228 6 is be VBZ 30321 228 7 flat flat JJ 30321 228 8 enough enough RB 30321 228 9 to to TO 30321 228 10 permit permit VB 30321 228 11 such such JJ 30321 228 12 anteroposterior anteroposterior NN 30321 228 13 sliding slide VBG 30321 228 14 movements movement NNS 30321 228 15 . . . 30321 229 1 The the DT 30321 229 2 relationship relationship NN 30321 229 3 of of IN 30321 229 4 the the DT 30321 229 5 origin origin NN 30321 229 6 and and CC 30321 229 7 insertion insertion NN 30321 229 8 of of IN 30321 229 9 the the DT 30321 229 10 anterior anterior NNP 30321 229 11 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 229 12 indicates indicate VBZ 30321 229 13 that that IN 30321 229 14 this this DT 30321 229 15 muscle muscle NN 30321 229 16 , , , 30321 229 17 ineffective ineffective JJ 30321 229 18 in in IN 30321 229 19 maintaining maintain VBG 30321 229 20 adduction adduction NN 30321 229 21 , , , 30321 229 22 may may MD 30321 229 23 well well RB 30321 229 24 have have VB 30321 229 25 acted act VBN 30321 229 26 to to TO 30321 229 27 pull pull VB 30321 229 28 the the DT 30321 229 29 mandible mandible NN 30321 229 30 forward forward RB 30321 229 31 , , , 30321 229 32 in in IN 30321 229 33 back back NN 30321 229 34 of of IN 30321 229 35 the the DT 30321 229 36 premaxillary premaxillary JJ 30321 229 37 beak beak NN 30321 229 38 , , , 30321 229 39 in in IN 30321 229 40 the the DT 30321 229 41 last last JJ 30321 229 42 stages stage NNS 30321 229 43 of of IN 30321 229 44 adduction adduction NN 30321 229 45 . . . 30321 230 1 Abrasion abrasion NN 30321 230 2 of of IN 30321 230 3 the the DT 30321 230 4 sides side NNS 30321 230 5 of of IN 30321 230 6 the the DT 30321 230 7 inner inner JJ 30321 230 8 maxillary maxillary JJ 30321 230 9 and and CC 30321 230 10 outer outer JJ 30321 230 11 dentary dentary JJ 30321 230 12 teeth tooth NNS 30321 230 13 indicates indicate VBZ 30321 230 14 that that IN 30321 230 15 tooth tooth NN 30321 230 16 - - HYPH 30321 230 17 to to IN 30321 230 18 - - HYPH 30321 230 19 tooth tooth NN 30321 230 20 contact contact NN 30321 230 21 did do VBD 30321 230 22 occur occur VB 30321 230 23 . . . 30321 231 1 Whether whether IN 30321 231 2 such such JJ 30321 231 3 abrasion abrasion NN 30321 231 4 was be VBD 30321 231 5 due due JJ 30321 231 6 to to IN 30321 231 7 contact contact NN 30321 231 8 in in IN 30321 231 9 simple simple JJ 30321 231 10 vertical vertical JJ 30321 231 11 adduction adduction NN 30321 231 12 or or CC 30321 231 13 in in IN 30321 231 14 anteroposterior anteroposterior NN 30321 231 15 sliding slide VBG 30321 231 16 is be VBZ 30321 231 17 impossible impossible JJ 30321 231 18 to to TO 30321 231 19 determine determine VB 30321 231 20 , , , 30321 231 21 but but CC 30321 231 22 the the DT 30321 231 23 evidence evidence NN 30321 231 24 considered consider VBN 30321 231 25 above above RB 30321 231 26 indicates indicate VBZ 30321 231 27 the the DT 30321 231 28 latter latter JJ 30321 231 29 probability probability NN 30321 231 30 . . . 30321 232 1 Similarities similarity NNS 30321 232 2 of of IN 30321 232 3 _ _ NNP 30321 232 4 Protorothyris Protorothyris NNP 30321 232 5 _ _ NNP 30321 232 6 to to IN 30321 232 7 sphenacodont sphenacodont JJ 30321 232 8 pelycosaurs pelycosaur NNS 30321 232 9 in in IN 30321 232 10 the the DT 30321 232 11 shape shape NN 30321 232 12 of of IN 30321 232 13 the the DT 30321 232 14 skull skull NN 30321 232 15 and and CC 30321 232 16 palate palate NN 30321 232 17 already already RB 30321 232 18 commented comment VBN 30321 232 19 upon upon IN 30321 232 20 by by IN 30321 232 21 Watson Watson NNP 30321 232 22 ( ( -LRB- 30321 232 23 1954 1954 CD 30321 232 24 ) ) -RRB- 30321 232 25 and and CC 30321 232 26 Hotton Hotton NNP 30321 232 27 ( ( -LRB- 30321 232 28 1961 1961 CD 30321 232 29 ) ) -RRB- 30321 232 30 suggest suggest VBP 30321 232 31 that that IN 30321 232 32 the the DT 30321 232 33 condition condition NN 30321 232 34 of of IN 30321 232 35 the the DT 30321 232 36 adductors adductor NNS 30321 232 37 in in IN 30321 232 38 _ _ NNP 30321 232 39 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 232 40 _ _ NNP 30321 232 41 is be VBZ 30321 232 42 a a DT 30321 232 43 retention retention NN 30321 232 44 of of IN 30321 232 45 the the DT 30321 232 46 primitive primitive JJ 30321 232 47 reptilian reptilian JJ 30321 232 48 pattern pattern NN 30321 232 49 , , , 30321 232 50 with with IN 30321 232 51 modifications modification NNS 30321 232 52 mainly mainly RB 30321 232 53 limited limit VBN 30321 232 54 to to IN 30321 232 55 an an DT 30321 232 56 increase increase NN 30321 232 57 in in IN 30321 232 58 size size NN 30321 232 59 of of IN 30321 232 60 the the DT 30321 232 61 temporalis temporalis NNP 30321 232 62 . . . 30321 233 1 _ _ NNP 30321 233 2 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 233 3 _ _ NNP 30321 233 4 , , , 30321 233 5 however however RB 30321 233 6 , , , 30321 233 7 seems seem VBZ 30321 233 8 to to TO 30321 233 9 have have VB 30321 233 10 departed depart VBN 30321 233 11 rather rather RB 30321 233 12 radically radically RB 30321 233 13 from from IN 30321 233 14 the the DT 30321 233 15 primitive primitive JJ 30321 233 16 pattern pattern NN 30321 233 17 , , , 30321 233 18 developing develop VBG 30321 233 19 specializations specialization NNS 30321 233 20 of of IN 30321 233 21 the the DT 30321 233 22 adductors adductor NNS 30321 233 23 that that WDT 30321 233 24 are be VBP 30321 233 25 correlated correlate VBN 30321 233 26 with with IN 30321 233 27 the the DT 30321 233 28 flattening flattening NN 30321 233 29 of of IN 30321 233 30 the the DT 30321 233 31 skull skull NN 30321 233 32 , , , 30321 233 33 the the DT 30321 233 34 peculiar peculiar JJ 30321 233 35 marginal marginal NNP 30321 233 36 and and CC 30321 233 37 anterior anterior JJ 30321 233 38 dentition dentition NN 30321 233 39 , , , 30321 233 40 the the DT 30321 233 41 modifications modification NNS 30321 233 42 of of IN 30321 233 43 the the DT 30321 233 44 quadrate quadrate JJ 30321 233 45 - - HYPH 30321 233 46 articular articular JJ 30321 233 47 joint joint NN 30321 233 48 , , , 30321 233 49 and and CC 30321 233 50 the the DT 30321 233 51 development development NN 30321 233 52 of of IN 30321 233 53 the the DT 30321 233 54 coronoid coronoid NN 30321 233 55 process process NN 30321 233 56 . . . 30321 234 1 Thrinaxodon Thrinaxodon NNP 30321 234 2 The the DT 30321 234 3 evidence evidence NN 30321 234 4 for for IN 30321 234 5 the the DT 30321 234 6 position position NN 30321 234 7 and and CC 30321 234 8 extent extent NN 30321 234 9 of of IN 30321 234 10 the the DT 30321 234 11 external external JJ 30321 234 12 adductors adductor NNS 30321 234 13 of of IN 30321 234 14 the the DT 30321 234 15 lower low JJR 30321 234 16 jaw jaw NN 30321 234 17 in in IN 30321 234 18 _ _ NNP 30321 234 19 Thrinaxodon Thrinaxodon NNP 30321 234 20 _ _ NNP 30321 234 21 was be VBD 30321 234 22 secured secure VBN 30321 234 23 in in IN 30321 234 24 part part NN 30321 234 25 from from IN 30321 234 26 dissections dissection NNS 30321 234 27 of of IN 30321 234 28 _ _ NNP 30321 234 29 Didelphis Didelphis NNP 30321 234 30 marsupialis marsupialis NN 30321 234 31 _ _ NNP 30321 234 32 , , , 30321 234 33 the the DT 30321 234 34 Virginia Virginia NNP 30321 234 35 opossum opossum NN 30321 234 36 . . . 30321 235 1 Moreover moreover RB 30321 235 2 , , , 30321 235 3 comparison comparison NN 30321 235 4 of of IN 30321 235 5 the the DT 30321 235 6 two two CD 30321 235 7 genera genera NN 30321 235 8 reveals reveal VBZ 30321 235 9 striking strike VBG 30321 235 10 similarities similarity NNS 30321 235 11 in in IN 30321 235 12 the the DT 30321 235 13 shape shape NN 30321 235 14 and and CC 30321 235 15 spatial spatial JJ 30321 235 16 relationships relationship NNS 30321 235 17 of of IN 30321 235 18 the the DT 30321 235 19 external external JJ 30321 235 20 adductors adductor NNS 30321 235 21 . . . 30321 236 1 These these DT 30321 236 2 are be VBP 30321 236 3 compared compare VBN 30321 236 4 below below RB 30321 236 5 in in IN 30321 236 6 some some DT 30321 236 7 detail detail NN 30321 236 8 . . . 30321 237 1 The the DT 30321 237 2 sagittal sagittal JJ 30321 237 3 crest crest NN 30321 237 4 in in IN 30321 237 5 _ _ NNP 30321 237 6 Thrinaxodon Thrinaxodon NNP 30321 237 7 _ _ NNP 30321 237 8 is be VBZ 30321 237 9 present present JJ 30321 237 10 but but CC 30321 237 11 low low JJ 30321 237 12 . . . 30321 238 1 It -PRON- PRP 30321 238 2 arises arise VBZ 30321 238 3 immediately immediately RB 30321 238 4 in in IN 30321 238 5 front front NN 30321 238 6 of of IN 30321 238 7 the the DT 30321 238 8 pineal pineal NN 30321 238 9 foramen foraman NNS 30321 238 10 from from IN 30321 238 11 the the DT 30321 238 12 confluence confluence NN 30321 238 13 of of IN 30321 238 14 bilateral bilateral JJ 30321 238 15 ridges ridge NNS 30321 238 16 that that WDT 30321 238 17 extend extend VBP 30321 238 18 posteriorly posteriorly RB 30321 238 19 and and CC 30321 238 20 medially medially RB 30321 238 21 from from IN 30321 238 22 the the DT 30321 238 23 base base NN 30321 238 24 of of IN 30321 238 25 the the DT 30321 238 26 postorbital postorbital JJ 30321 238 27 bars bar NNS 30321 238 28 . . . 30321 239 1 The the DT 30321 239 2 crest crest NN 30321 239 3 diverges diverge VBZ 30321 239 4 around around IN 30321 239 5 the the DT 30321 239 6 foramen foraman NNS 30321 239 7 , , , 30321 239 8 reunites reunite VBZ 30321 239 9 immediately immediately RB 30321 239 10 behind behind IN 30321 239 11 it -PRON- PRP 30321 239 12 , , , 30321 239 13 and and CC 30321 239 14 continues continue VBZ 30321 239 15 posteriorly posteriorly RB 30321 239 16 to to IN 30321 239 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 30321 239 18 junction junction NN 30321 239 19 with with IN 30321 239 20 the the DT 30321 239 21 supraoccipital supraoccipital JJ 30321 239 22 crest crest NN 30321 239 23 ( ( -LRB- 30321 239 24 Estes Estes NNP 30321 239 25 , , , 30321 239 26 1961 1961 CD 30321 239 27 ) ) -RRB- 30321 239 28 . . . 30321 240 1 In in IN 30321 240 2 _ _ NNP 30321 240 3 Didelphis Didelphis NNP 30321 240 4 _ _ NNP 30321 240 5 the the DT 30321 240 6 sagittal sagittal JJ 30321 240 7 crest crest NN 30321 240 8 is be VBZ 30321 240 9 high high JJ 30321 240 10 and and CC 30321 240 11 dorsally dorsally RB 30321 240 12 convex convex NNS 30321 240 13 in in IN 30321 240 14 lateral lateral JJ 30321 240 15 aspect aspect NN 30321 240 16 , , , 30321 240 17 arising arise VBG 30321 240 18 posterior posterior NN 30321 240 19 to to IN 30321 240 20 and and CC 30321 240 21 medial medial NNP 30321 240 22 to to IN 30321 240 23 the the DT 30321 240 24 orbits orbit NNS 30321 240 25 , , , 30321 240 26 reaching reach VBG 30321 240 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 30321 240 28 greatest great JJS 30321 240 29 height height NN 30321 240 30 near near IN 30321 240 31 the the DT 30321 240 32 midpoint midpoint NN 30321 240 33 , , , 30321 240 34 and and CC 30321 240 35 sloping slope VBG 30321 240 36 down down RP 30321 240 37 to to IN 30321 240 38 its -PRON- PRP$ 30321 240 39 termination termination NN 30321 240 40 at at IN 30321 240 41 the the DT 30321 240 42 supraoccipital supraoccipital NNP 30321 240 43 crest crest NNP 30321 240 44 . . . 30321 241 1 Two two CD 30321 241 2 low low JJ 30321 241 3 ridges ridge NNS 30321 241 4 extend extend VBP 30321 241 5 posteriorly posteriorly RB 30321 241 6 from from IN 30321 241 7 the the DT 30321 241 8 postorbital postorbital JJ 30321 241 9 process process NN 30321 241 10 to to IN 30321 241 11 the the DT 30321 241 12 anterior anterior JJ 30321 241 13 end end NN 30321 241 14 of of IN 30321 241 15 the the DT 30321 241 16 sagittal sagittal JJ 30321 241 17 crest crest NN 30321 241 18 and and CC 30321 241 19 correspond correspond VB 30321 241 20 to to IN 30321 241 21 ridges ridge NNS 30321 241 22 in in IN 30321 241 23 similar similar JJ 30321 241 24 position position NN 30321 241 25 in in IN 30321 241 26 _ _ NNP 30321 241 27 Thrinaxodon Thrinaxodon NNP 30321 241 28 _ _ NNP 30321 241 29 . . . 30321 242 1 The the DT 30321 242 2 supraoccipital supraoccipital JJ 30321 242 3 crest crest NN 30321 242 4 flares flare VBZ 30321 242 5 upward upward RB 30321 242 6 to to IN 30321 242 7 a a DT 30321 242 8 considerable considerable JJ 30321 242 9 extent extent NN 30321 242 10 in in IN 30321 242 11 _ _ NNP 30321 242 12 Thrinaxodon Thrinaxodon NNP 30321 242 13 _ _ NNP 30321 242 14 and and CC 30321 242 15 slopes slope NNS 30321 242 16 posteriorly posteriorly RB 30321 242 17 from from IN 30321 242 18 the the DT 30321 242 19 skull skull JJ 30321 242 20 - - HYPH 30321 242 21 roof roof NN 30321 242 22 proper proper NN 30321 242 23 . . . 30321 243 1 The the DT 30321 243 2 crest crest NN 30321 243 3 extends extend VBZ 30321 243 4 on on IN 30321 243 5 either either DT 30321 243 6 side side NN 30321 243 7 downward downward RB 30321 243 8 to to IN 30321 243 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 30321 243 10 confluence confluence NN 30321 243 11 with with IN 30321 243 12 the the DT 30321 243 13 zygomatic zygomatic JJ 30321 243 14 bar bar NN 30321 243 15 . . . 30321 244 1 The the DT 30321 244 2 area area NN 30321 244 3 of of IN 30321 244 4 the the DT 30321 244 5 crest crest NN 30321 244 6 that that WDT 30321 244 7 is be VBZ 30321 244 8 associated associate VBN 30321 244 9 with with IN 30321 244 10 the the DT 30321 244 11 temporal temporal JJ 30321 244 12 musculature musculature NN 30321 244 13 is be VBZ 30321 244 14 similarly similarly RB 30321 244 15 shaped shape VBN 30321 244 16 in in IN 30321 244 17 _ _ NNP 30321 244 18 Didelphis Didelphis NNP 30321 244 19 _ _ NNP 30321 244 20 . . . 30321 245 1 The the DT 30321 245 2 zygomatic zygomatic JJ 30321 245 3 bar bar NN 30321 245 4 in in IN 30321 245 5 each each DT 30321 245 6 genus genus NN 30321 245 7 is be VBZ 30321 245 8 stout stout JJ 30321 245 9 , , , 30321 245 10 laterally laterally RB 30321 245 11 compressed compress VBN 30321 245 12 , , , 30321 245 13 and and CC 30321 245 14 dorsally dorsally RB 30321 245 15 convex convex NNP 30321 245 16 on on IN 30321 245 17 both both CC 30321 245 18 upper upper JJ 30321 245 19 and and CC 30321 245 20 lower low JJR 30321 245 21 margins margin NNS 30321 245 22 . . . 30321 246 1 At at IN 30321 246 2 the the DT 30321 246 3 back back NN 30321 246 4 of of IN 30321 246 5 the the DT 30321 246 6 orbit orbit NN 30321 246 7 of of IN 30321 246 8 _ _ NNP 30321 246 9 Thrinaxodon Thrinaxodon NNP 30321 246 10 _ _ NNP 30321 246 11 , , , 30321 246 12 the the DT 30321 246 13 postorbital postorbital JJ 30321 246 14 process process NN 30321 246 15 of of IN 30321 246 16 the the DT 30321 246 17 jugal jugal NN 30321 246 18 extends extend VBZ 30321 246 19 posterodorsally posterodorsally RB 30321 246 20 . . . 30321 247 1 At at IN 30321 247 2 this this DT 30321 247 3 position position NN 30321 247 4 in in IN 30321 247 5 _ _ NNP 30321 247 6 Didelphis Didelphis NNP 30321 247 7 _ _ NNP 30321 247 8 , , , 30321 247 9 there there EX 30321 247 10 is be VBZ 30321 247 11 but but CC 30321 247 12 a a DT 30321 247 13 minor minor JJ 30321 247 14 upward upward JJ 30321 247 15 curvature curvature NN 30321 247 16 of of IN 30321 247 17 the the DT 30321 247 18 margin margin NN 30321 247 19 of of IN 30321 247 20 the the DT 30321 247 21 bar bar NN 30321 247 22 . . . 30321 248 1 In in IN 30321 248 2 _ _ NNP 30321 248 3 Thrinaxodon Thrinaxodon NNP 30321 248 4 _ _ NNP 30321 248 5 the the DT 30321 248 6 dorsal dorsal NN 30321 248 7 and and CC 30321 248 8 ventral ventral JJ 30321 248 9 postorbital postorbital JJ 30321 248 10 processes process NNS 30321 248 11 , , , 30321 248 12 arising arise VBG 30321 248 13 from from IN 30321 248 14 the the DT 30321 248 15 postorbital postorbital JJ 30321 248 16 and and CC 30321 248 17 jugal jugal JJ 30321 248 18 bones bone NNS 30321 248 19 respectively respectively RB 30321 248 20 , , , 30321 248 21 nearly nearly RB 30321 248 22 meet meet VBP 30321 248 23 but but CC 30321 248 24 remain remain VBP 30321 248 25 separate separate JJ 30321 248 26 . . . 30321 249 1 The the DT 30321 249 2 orbit orbit NN 30321 249 3 is be VBZ 30321 249 4 not not RB 30321 249 5 completely completely RB 30321 249 6 walled wall VBN 30321 249 7 off off RP 30321 249 8 from from IN 30321 249 9 the the DT 30321 249 10 adductor adductor NN 30321 249 11 chamber chamber NN 30321 249 12 . . . 30321 250 1 The the DT 30321 250 2 corresponding correspond VBG 30321 250 3 processes process NNS 30321 250 4 in in IN 30321 250 5 _ _ NNP 30321 250 6 Didelphis Didelphis NNP 30321 250 7 _ _ NNP 30321 250 8 are be VBP 30321 250 9 rudimentary rudimentary JJ 30321 250 10 so so IN 30321 250 11 that that IN 30321 250 12 the the DT 30321 250 13 confluence confluence NN 30321 250 14 of of IN 30321 250 15 the the DT 30321 250 16 orbit orbit NN 30321 250 17 and and CC 30321 250 18 the the DT 30321 250 19 adductor adductor NN 30321 250 20 chamber chamber NN 30321 250 21 is be VBZ 30321 250 22 complete complete JJ 30321 250 23 . . . 30321 251 1 The the DT 30321 251 2 adductor adductor NN 30321 251 3 chamber chamber NN 30321 251 4 dorsally dorsally RB 30321 251 5 occupies occupy VBZ 30321 251 6 slightly slightly RB 30321 251 7 less less JJR 30321 251 8 than than IN 30321 251 9 half half NN 30321 251 10 of of IN 30321 251 11 the the DT 30321 251 12 total total JJ 30321 251 13 length length NN 30321 251 14 of of IN 30321 251 15 the the DT 30321 251 16 skull skull NN 30321 251 17 of of IN 30321 251 18 _ _ NNP 30321 251 19 Thrinaxodon Thrinaxodon NNP 30321 251 20 _ _ NNP 30321 251 21 ; ; : 30321 251 22 in in IN 30321 251 23 _ _ NNP 30321 251 24 Didelphis Didelphis NNP 30321 251 25 _ _ NNP 30321 251 26 the the DT 30321 251 27 dorsal dorsal NN 30321 251 28 length length NN 30321 251 29 of of IN 30321 251 30 the the DT 30321 251 31 chamber chamber NN 30321 251 32 is be VBZ 30321 251 33 approximately approximately RB 30321 251 34 half half NN 30321 251 35 of of IN 30321 251 36 the the DT 30321 251 37 total total JJ 30321 251 38 length length NN 30321 251 39 of of IN 30321 251 40 the the DT 30321 251 41 skull skull NN 30321 251 42 . . . 30321 252 1 [ [ -LRB- 30321 252 2 Illustration illustration NN 30321 252 3 : : : 30321 252 4 FIG FIG NNP 30321 252 5 . . . 30321 253 1 7 7 LS 30321 253 2 . . . 30321 254 1 _ _ NNP 30321 254 2 Thrinaxodon Thrinaxodon NNP 30321 254 3 . . . 30321 254 4 _ _ NNP 30321 254 5 Showing show VBG 30321 254 6 masseter masseter NN 30321 254 7 and and CC 30321 254 8 temporal temporal JJ 30321 254 9 muscles muscle NNS 30321 254 10 . . . 30321 255 1 Skull Skull NNP 30321 255 2 after after IN 30321 255 3 Romer Romer NNP 30321 255 4 ( ( -LRB- 30321 255 5 1956 1956 CD 30321 255 6 ) ) -RRB- 30321 255 7 . . . 30321 256 1 Approx approx NN 30321 256 2 . . . 30321 257 1 × × UH 30321 257 2 7/10 7/10 CD 30321 257 3 . . . 30321 257 4 ] ] -RRB- 30321 258 1 The the DT 30321 258 2 coronoid coronoid NN 30321 258 3 process process NN 30321 258 4 in in IN 30321 258 5 _ _ NNP 30321 258 6 Thrinaxodon Thrinaxodon NNP 30321 258 7 _ _ NNP 30321 258 8 sweeps sweep VBZ 30321 258 9 upward upward RB 30321 258 10 posterodorsally posterodorsally RB 30321 258 11 at at IN 30321 258 12 an an DT 30321 258 13 angle angle NN 30321 258 14 oblique oblique NN 30321 258 15 to to IN 30321 258 16 the the DT 30321 258 17 long long JJ 30321 258 18 axis axis NN 30321 258 19 of of IN 30321 258 20 the the DT 30321 258 21 ramus ramus NN 30321 258 22 . . . 30321 259 1 Angular angular JJ 30321 259 2 , , , 30321 259 3 surangular surangular JJ 30321 259 4 and and CC 30321 259 5 articular articular JJ 30321 259 6 bones bone NNS 30321 259 7 extend extend VBP 30321 259 8 backward backward RB 30321 259 9 beneath beneath IN 30321 259 10 and and CC 30321 259 11 medial medial JJ 30321 259 12 to to IN 30321 259 13 the the DT 30321 259 14 process process NN 30321 259 15 . . . 30321 260 1 The the DT 30321 260 2 process process NN 30321 260 3 extends extend VBZ 30321 260 4 above above IN 30321 260 5 the the DT 30321 260 6 most most JJS 30321 260 7 dorsal dorsal NN 30321 260 8 point point NN 30321 260 9 of of IN 30321 260 10 the the DT 30321 260 11 zygomatic zygomatic JJ 30321 260 12 bar bar NN 30321 260 13 , , , 30321 260 14 as as IN 30321 260 15 in in IN 30321 260 16 _ _ NNP 30321 260 17 Didelphis Didelphis NNP 30321 260 18 _ _ NNP 30321 260 19 . . . 30321 261 1 The the DT 30321 261 2 mandibular mandibular JJ 30321 261 3 ramus ramus NN 30321 261 4 is be VBZ 30321 261 5 ventrally ventrally RB 30321 261 6 convex convex NNP 30321 261 7 in in IN 30321 261 8 both both DT 30321 261 9 genera genera NNP 30321 261 10 . . . 30321 262 1 The the DT 30321 262 2 relationships relationship NNS 30321 262 3 described describe VBN 30321 262 4 above above RB 30321 262 5 suggest suggest VBP 30321 262 6 that that IN 30321 262 7 _ _ NNP 30321 262 8 Thrinaxodon Thrinaxodon NNP 30321 262 9 _ _ NNP 30321 262 10 and and CC 30321 262 11 the the DT 30321 262 12 therapsids therapsid NNS 30321 262 13 having have VBG 30321 262 14 similar similar JJ 30321 262 15 morphology morphology NN 30321 262 16 in in IN 30321 262 17 the the DT 30321 262 18 posterior posterior NN 30321 262 19 region region NN 30321 262 20 of of IN 30321 262 21 the the DT 30321 262 22 skull skull NN 30321 262 23 possessed possess VBD 30321 262 24 a a DT 30321 262 25 temporal temporal JJ 30321 262 26 adductor adductor NN 30321 262 27 mass mass NN 30321 262 28 that that WDT 30321 262 29 was be VBD 30321 262 30 split split VBN 30321 262 31 into into IN 30321 262 32 major major JJ 30321 262 33 medial medial JJ 30321 262 34 and and CC 30321 262 35 lateral lateral JJ 30321 262 36 components component NNS 30321 262 37 ( ( -LRB- 30321 262 38 Fig fig NN 30321 262 39 . . . 30321 263 1 7 7 LS 30321 263 2 ) ) -RRB- 30321 263 3 . . . 30321 264 1 The the DT 30321 264 2 more more RBR 30321 264 3 lateral lateral JJ 30321 264 4 of of IN 30321 264 5 these these DT 30321 264 6 , , , 30321 264 7 the the DT 30321 264 8 masseter masseter NN 30321 264 9 , , , 30321 264 10 arose arise VBD 30321 264 11 from from IN 30321 264 12 the the DT 30321 264 13 inner inner JJ 30321 264 14 surface surface NN 30321 264 15 and and CC 30321 264 16 lower low JJR 30321 264 17 margin margin NN 30321 264 18 of of IN 30321 264 19 the the DT 30321 264 20 zygomatic zygomatic JJ 30321 264 21 bar bar NN 30321 264 22 and and CC 30321 264 23 inserted insert VBN 30321 264 24 on on IN 30321 264 25 the the DT 30321 264 26 lateral lateral JJ 30321 264 27 surface surface NN 30321 264 28 of of IN 30321 264 29 the the DT 30321 264 30 coronoid coronoid NN 30321 264 31 process process NN 30321 264 32 . . . 30321 265 1 The the DT 30321 265 2 medial medial JJ 30321 265 3 division division NN 30321 265 4 or or CC 30321 265 5 temporal temporal JJ 30321 265 6 arose arise VBD 30321 265 7 from from IN 30321 265 8 the the DT 30321 265 9 sagittal sagittal JJ 30321 265 10 crest crest NN 30321 265 11 and and CC 30321 265 12 supraoccipital supraoccipital NNP 30321 265 13 crest crest NNP 30321 265 14 and and CC 30321 265 15 the the DT 30321 265 16 intervening intervene VBG 30321 265 17 dermal dermal JJ 30321 265 18 roof roof NN 30321 265 19 . . . 30321 266 1 The the DT 30321 266 2 muscle muscle NN 30321 266 3 inserted insert VBN 30321 266 4 on on IN 30321 266 5 the the DT 30321 266 6 inner inner JJ 30321 266 7 and and CC 30321 266 8 outer outer JJ 30321 266 9 surfaces surface NNS 30321 266 10 of of IN 30321 266 11 the the DT 30321 266 12 coronoid coronoid NN 30321 266 13 process process NN 30321 266 14 and and CC 30321 266 15 possibly possibly RB 30321 266 16 on on IN 30321 266 17 the the DT 30321 266 18 bones bone NNS 30321 266 19 beneath beneath RB 30321 266 20 . . . 30321 267 1 _ _ NNP 30321 267 2 Thrinaxodon Thrinaxodon NNP 30321 267 3 _ _ NNP 30321 267 4 represents represent VBZ 30321 267 5 an an DT 30321 267 6 advance advance NN 30321 267 7 beyond beyond IN 30321 267 8 _ _ NNP 30321 267 9 Dimetrodon Dimetrodon NNP 30321 267 10 _ _ NNP 30321 267 11 in in IN 30321 267 12 several several JJ 30321 267 13 respects respect NNS 30321 267 14 . . . 30321 268 1 The the DT 30321 268 2 zygomatic zygomatic JJ 30321 268 3 bar bar NN 30321 268 4 in in IN 30321 268 5 _ _ NNP 30321 268 6 Thrinaxodon Thrinaxodon NNP 30321 268 7 _ _ NNP 30321 268 8 extends extend VBZ 30321 268 9 relatively relatively RB 30321 268 10 far far RB 30321 268 11 forward forward RB 30321 268 12 , , , 30321 268 13 is be VBZ 30321 268 14 bowed bow VBN 30321 268 15 outward outward RB 30321 268 16 and and CC 30321 268 17 dorsally dorsally RB 30321 268 18 arched arch VBN 30321 268 19 . . . 30321 269 1 Consequently consequently RB 30321 269 2 , , , 30321 269 3 the the DT 30321 269 4 masseter masseter NN 30321 269 5 was be VBD 30321 269 6 able able JJ 30321 269 7 to to TO 30321 269 8 extend extend VB 30321 269 9 from from IN 30321 269 10 an an DT 30321 269 11 anterodorsal anterodorsal NN 30321 269 12 origin origin NN 30321 269 13 to to IN 30321 269 14 a a DT 30321 269 15 posterior posterior NN 30321 269 16 and and CC 30321 269 17 ventral ventral JJ 30321 269 18 insertion insertion NN 30321 269 19 . . . 30321 270 1 The the DT 30321 270 2 curvature curvature NN 30321 270 3 of of IN 30321 270 4 the the DT 30321 270 5 jaw jaw NN 30321 270 6 transforms transform VBZ 30321 270 7 the the DT 30321 270 8 anterodorsal anterodorsal NN 30321 270 9 pull pull NN 30321 270 10 of of IN 30321 270 11 the the DT 30321 270 12 muscle muscle NN 30321 270 13 into into IN 30321 270 14 a a DT 30321 270 15 dorsally dorsally RB 30321 270 16 directed direct VBN 30321 270 17 adductive adductive JJ 30321 270 18 movement movement NN 30321 270 19 regardless regardless RB 30321 270 20 of of IN 30321 270 21 the the DT 30321 270 22 initial initial JJ 30321 270 23 angle angle NN 30321 270 24 of of IN 30321 270 25 the the DT 30321 270 26 jaw jaw NN 30321 270 27 . . . 30321 271 1 This this DT 30321 271 2 is be VBZ 30321 271 3 the the DT 30321 271 4 generalized generalized JJ 30321 271 5 mammalian mammalian JJ 30321 271 6 condition condition NN 30321 271 7 . . . 30321 272 1 With with IN 30321 272 2 the the DT 30321 272 3 development development NN 30321 272 4 of of IN 30321 272 5 the the DT 30321 272 6 secondary secondary JJ 30321 272 7 palate palate NN 30321 272 8 the the DT 30321 272 9 area area NN 30321 272 10 previously previously RB 30321 272 11 available available JJ 30321 272 12 for for IN 30321 272 13 the the DT 30321 272 14 origin origin NN 30321 272 15 of of IN 30321 272 16 large large JJ 30321 272 17 anterior anterior JJ 30321 272 18 pterygoid pterygoid NN 30321 272 19 muscles muscle NNS 30321 272 20 was be VBD 30321 272 21 reduced reduce VBN 30321 272 22 . . . 30321 273 1 The the DT 30321 273 2 development development NN 30321 273 3 of of IN 30321 273 4 the the DT 30321 273 5 masseter masseter NN 30321 273 6 extending extending NN 30321 273 7 posteroventrally posteroventrally RB 30321 273 8 from from IN 30321 273 9 an an DT 30321 273 10 anterior anterior JJ 30321 273 11 origin origin NN 30321 273 12 presumably presumably RB 30321 273 13 paralleled parallel VBD 30321 273 14 the the DT 30321 273 15 reduction reduction NN 30321 273 16 of of IN 30321 273 17 the the DT 30321 273 18 anterior anterior JJ 30321 273 19 pterygoids pterygoid NNS 30321 273 20 . . . 30321 274 1 The the DT 30321 274 2 therapsid therapsid JJ 30321 274 3 masseter masseter NN 30321 274 4 , , , 30321 274 5 as as IN 30321 274 6 an an DT 30321 274 7 external external JJ 30321 274 8 muscle muscle NN 30321 274 9 unhindered unhindered JJ 30321 274 10 by by IN 30321 274 11 the the DT 30321 274 12 crowding crowding NN 30321 274 13 of of IN 30321 274 14 surrounding surround VBG 30321 274 15 organs organ NNS 30321 274 16 , , , 30321 274 17 was be VBD 30321 274 18 readily readily RB 30321 274 19 available available JJ 30321 274 20 for for IN 30321 274 21 the the DT 30321 274 22 many many JJ 30321 274 23 modifications modification NNS 30321 274 24 that that WDT 30321 274 25 have have VBP 30321 274 26 been be VBN 30321 274 27 achieved achieve VBN 30321 274 28 among among IN 30321 274 29 the the DT 30321 274 30 mammals mammal NNS 30321 274 31 . . . 30321 275 1 In in IN 30321 275 2 the the DT 30321 275 3 course course NN 30321 275 4 of of IN 30321 275 5 synapsid synapsid JJ 30321 275 6 evolution evolution NN 30321 275 7 leading lead VBG 30321 275 8 to to IN 30321 275 9 mammals mammal NNS 30321 275 10 , , , 30321 275 11 the the DT 30321 275 12 temporal temporal JJ 30321 275 13 presumably presumably RB 30321 275 14 became become VBD 30321 275 15 the the DT 30321 275 16 main main JJ 30321 275 17 muscle muscle NN 30321 275 18 mass mass NN 30321 275 19 acting acting NN 30321 275 20 in in IN 30321 275 21 adduction adduction NN 30321 275 22 of of IN 30321 275 23 the the DT 30321 275 24 lower low JJR 30321 275 25 jaw jaw NN 30321 275 26 . . . 30321 276 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 30321 276 2 primacy primacy NN 30321 276 3 is be VBZ 30321 276 4 reflected reflect VBN 30321 276 5 in in IN 30321 276 6 the the DT 30321 276 7 phyletic phyletic JJ 30321 276 8 expansion expansion NN 30321 276 9 of of IN 30321 276 10 the the DT 30321 276 11 temporal temporal JJ 30321 276 12 openings opening NNS 30321 276 13 to to TO 30321 276 14 permit permit VB 30321 276 15 greater great JJR 30321 276 16 freedom freedom NN 30321 276 17 of of IN 30321 276 18 the the DT 30321 276 19 muscles muscle NNS 30321 276 20 during during IN 30321 276 21 contraction contraction NN 30321 276 22 . . . 30321 277 1 In in IN 30321 277 2 the the DT 30321 277 3 synapsids synapsid NNS 30321 277 4 that that WDT 30321 277 5 lead lead VBP 30321 277 6 to to IN 30321 277 7 mammals mammal NNS 30321 277 8 , , , 30321 277 9 there there EX 30321 277 10 is be VBZ 30321 277 11 no no DT 30321 277 12 similar similar JJ 30321 277 13 change change NN 30321 277 14 in in IN 30321 277 15 the the DT 30321 277 16 region region NN 30321 277 17 of of IN 30321 277 18 the the DT 30321 277 19 palate palate NN 30321 277 20 that that WDT 30321 277 21 can can MD 30321 277 22 be be VB 30321 277 23 ascribed ascribe VBN 30321 277 24 to to IN 30321 277 25 the the DT 30321 277 26 effect effect NN 30321 277 27 of of IN 30321 277 28 the the DT 30321 277 29 pterygoid pterygoid JJ 30321 277 30 musculature musculature NN 30321 277 31 , , , 30321 277 32 even even RB 30321 277 33 though though IN 30321 277 34 these these DT 30321 277 35 adductors adductor NNS 30321 277 36 , , , 30321 277 37 like like IN 30321 277 38 the the DT 30321 277 39 temporal temporal JJ 30321 277 40 , , , 30321 277 41 primitively primitively RB 30321 277 42 were be VBD 30321 277 43 subjected subject VBN 30321 277 44 to to IN 30321 277 45 severe severe JJ 30321 277 46 limitations limitation NNS 30321 277 47 of of IN 30321 277 48 space space NN 30321 277 49 . . . 30321 278 1 Didelphis didelphis JJ 30321 278 2 Dissections dissection NNS 30321 278 3 reveal reveal VBP 30321 278 4 the the DT 30321 278 5 following follow VBG 30321 278 6 relationships relationship NNS 30321 278 7 of of IN 30321 278 8 the the DT 30321 278 9 external external JJ 30321 278 10 adductors adductor NNS 30321 278 11 of of IN 30321 278 12 the the DT 30321 278 13 jaw jaw NN 30321 278 14 in in IN 30321 278 15 _ _ NNP 30321 278 16 Didelphis Didelphis NNP 30321 278 17 marsupialis marsupialis NN 30321 278 18 _ _ NNP 30321 278 19 ( ( -LRB- 30321 278 20 Fig Fig NNP 30321 278 21 . . . 30321 279 1 8) 8) CD 30321 279 2 . . . 30321 280 1 1 1 LS 30321 280 2 . . . 30321 281 1 MASSETER MASSETER NNP 30321 281 2 Origin origin NN 30321 281 3 : : : 30321 281 4 ventral ventral JJ 30321 281 5 surface surface NN 30321 281 6 of of IN 30321 281 7 zygomatic zygomatic JJ 30321 281 8 arch arch NN 30321 281 9 . . . 30321 282 1 Insertion insertion NN 30321 282 2 : : : 30321 282 3 posteroventral posteroventral JJ 30321 282 4 and and CC 30321 282 5 lateroventral lateroventral JJ 30321 282 6 surface surface NN 30321 282 7 of of IN 30321 282 8 mandible mandible NN 30321 282 9 . . . 30321 283 1 2 2 LS 30321 283 2 . . . 30321 284 1 EXTERNAL EXTERNAL NNP 30321 284 2 TEMPORALIS TEMPORALIS NNP 30321 284 3 Origin origin NN 30321 284 4 : : : 30321 284 5 sagittal sagittal JJ 30321 284 6 crest crest NN 30321 284 7 ; ; : 30321 284 8 anteriorly anteriorly RB 30321 284 9 with with IN 30321 284 10 internal internal JJ 30321 284 11 temporalis temporali NNS 30321 284 12 from from IN 30321 284 13 frontal frontal JJ 30321 284 14 bone bone NN 30321 284 15 ; ; : 30321 284 16 posteriorly posteriorly RB 30321 284 17 with with IN 30321 284 18 internal internal JJ 30321 284 19 temporalis temporali NNS 30321 284 20 from from IN 30321 284 21 interparietal interparietal JJ 30321 284 22 bone bone NN 30321 284 23 . . . 30321 285 1 Insertion insertion NN 30321 285 2 : : : 30321 285 3 lateral lateral JJ 30321 285 4 surface surface NN 30321 285 5 of of IN 30321 285 6 coronoid coronoid JJ 30321 285 7 process process NN 30321 285 8 of of IN 30321 285 9 mandible mandible JJ 30321 285 10 . . . 30321 286 1 3 3 LS 30321 286 2 . . . 30321 287 1 INTERNAL INTERNAL NNP 30321 287 2 TEMPORALIS temporali NNS 30321 287 3 Origin origin NN 30321 287 4 : : : 30321 287 5 sagittal sagittal JJ 30321 287 6 crest crest NN 30321 287 7 and and CC 30321 287 8 skull skull NNP 30321 287 9 roof roof NN 30321 287 10 , , , 30321 287 11 including include VBG 30321 287 12 posterior posterior RB 30321 287 13 two two CD 30321 287 14 - - HYPH 30321 287 15 thirds third NNS 30321 287 16 of of IN 30321 287 17 frontal frontal JJ 30321 287 18 bone bone NN 30321 287 19 , , , 30321 287 20 whole whole NN 30321 287 21 of of IN 30321 287 22 parietal parietal NN 30321 287 23 , , , 30321 287 24 and and CC 30321 287 25 dorsalmost dorsalmost NN 30321 287 26 portions portion NNS 30321 287 27 of of IN 30321 287 28 squamosal squamosal NNP 30321 287 29 and and CC 30321 287 30 alisphenoid alisphenoid NN 30321 287 31 . . . 30321 288 1 Insertion insertion NN 30321 288 2 : : : 30321 288 3 medial medial JJ 30321 288 4 surface surface NN 30321 288 5 of of IN 30321 288 6 coronoid coronoid NN 30321 288 7 process process NN 30321 288 8 ; ; : 30321 288 9 dorsal dorsal NN 30321 288 10 edge edge NN 30321 288 11 of of IN 30321 288 12 coronoid coronoid NN 30321 288 13 process process NN 30321 288 14 . . . 30321 289 1 [ [ -LRB- 30321 289 2 Illustration illustration NN 30321 289 3 : : : 30321 289 4 FIG FIG NNP 30321 289 5 . . . 30321 290 1 8 8 LS 30321 290 2 . . . 30321 291 1 _ _ NNP 30321 291 2 Didelphis Didelphis NNP 30321 291 3 marsupialis marsupialis NN 30321 291 4 . . . 30321 291 5 _ _ NNP 30321 291 6 Showing show VBG 30321 291 7 masseter masseter NN 30321 291 8 and and CC 30321 291 9 temporal temporal JJ 30321 291 10 muscles muscle NNS 30321 291 11 . . . 30321 292 1 Skull Skull NNP 30321 292 2 KU KU NNP 30321 292 3 3780 3780 CD 30321 292 4 , , , 30321 292 5 1 1 CD 30321 292 6 mi mi UH 30321 292 7 . . . 30321 293 1 N N NNP 30321 293 2 Lawrence Lawrence NNP 30321 293 3 , , , 30321 293 4 Douglas Douglas NNP 30321 293 5 Co. Co. NNP 30321 293 6 , , , 30321 293 7 Kansas Kansas NNP 30321 293 8 . . . 30321 294 1 × × UH 30321 294 2 3/5 3/5 CD 30321 294 3 . . . 30321 294 4 ] ] -RRB- 30321 295 1 Temporal temporal JJ 30321 295 2 Openings opening NNS 30321 295 3 In in IN 30321 295 4 discussions discussion NNS 30321 295 5 of of IN 30321 295 6 the the DT 30321 295 7 morphology morphology NN 30321 295 8 and and CC 30321 295 9 functions function NNS 30321 295 10 of of IN 30321 295 11 the the DT 30321 295 12 adductor adductor NN 30321 295 13 mechanism mechanism NN 30321 295 14 of of IN 30321 295 15 the the DT 30321 295 16 lower low JJR 30321 295 17 jaw jaw NN 30321 295 18 , , , 30321 295 19 the the DT 30321 295 20 problem problem NN 30321 295 21 of of IN 30321 295 22 accounting account VBG 30321 295 23 for for IN 30321 295 24 the the DT 30321 295 25 appearance appearance NN 30321 295 26 of of IN 30321 295 27 temporal temporal JJ 30321 295 28 openings opening NNS 30321 295 29 in in IN 30321 295 30 the the DT 30321 295 31 skull skull NN 30321 295 32 is be VBZ 30321 295 33 often often RB 30321 295 34 encountered encounter VBN 30321 295 35 . . . 30321 296 1 Two two CD 30321 296 2 patterns pattern NNS 30321 296 3 of of IN 30321 296 4 explanation explanation NN 30321 296 5 have have VBP 30321 296 6 evolved evolve VBN 30321 296 7 . . . 30321 297 1 The the DT 30321 297 2 first first JJ 30321 297 3 has have VBZ 30321 297 4 been be VBN 30321 297 5 the the DT 30321 297 6 attempt attempt NN 30321 297 7 to to TO 30321 297 8 ascribe ascribe VB 30321 297 9 to to IN 30321 297 10 the the DT 30321 297 11 constant constant JJ 30321 297 12 action action NN 30321 297 13 of of IN 30321 297 14 the the DT 30321 297 15 same same JJ 30321 297 16 selective selective JJ 30321 297 17 force force NN 30321 297 18 the the DT 30321 297 19 openings opening NNS 30321 297 20 from from IN 30321 297 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 30321 297 22 inception inception NN 30321 297 23 in in IN 30321 297 24 primitive primitive JJ 30321 297 25 members member NNS 30321 297 26 of of IN 30321 297 27 a a DT 30321 297 28 phyletic phyletic JJ 30321 297 29 line line NN 30321 297 30 to to IN 30321 297 31 their -PRON- PRP$ 30321 297 32 fullest full JJS 30321 297 33 expression expression NN 30321 297 34 in in IN 30321 297 35 terminal terminal JJ 30321 297 36 members member NNS 30321 297 37 . . . 30321 298 1 According accord VBG 30321 298 2 to to IN 30321 298 3 this this DT 30321 298 4 theory theory NN 30321 298 5 , , , 30321 298 6 for for IN 30321 298 7 example example NN 30321 298 8 , , , 30321 298 9 the the DT 30321 298 10 synapsid synapsid JJ 30321 298 11 opening opening NN 30321 298 12 appeared appear VBD 30321 298 13 _ _ NNP 30321 298 14 originally originally RB 30321 298 15 _ _ NNP 30321 298 16 to to TO 30321 298 17 allow allow VB 30321 298 18 freer free JJR 30321 298 19 expansion expansion NN 30321 298 20 of of IN 30321 298 21 the the DT 30321 298 22 adductor adductor NN 30321 298 23 muscles muscle NNS 30321 298 24 of of IN 30321 298 25 the the DT 30321 298 26 jaw jaw NN 30321 298 27 during during IN 30321 298 28 contraction contraction NN 30321 298 29 , , , 30321 298 30 and and CC 30321 298 31 continued continue VBD 30321 298 32 selection selection NN 30321 298 33 for for IN 30321 298 34 that that DT 30321 298 35 character character NN 30321 298 36 caused cause VBD 30321 298 37 the the DT 30321 298 38 openings opening NNS 30321 298 39 to to TO 30321 298 40 expand expand VB 30321 298 41 until until IN 30321 298 42 the the DT 30321 298 43 ultimately ultimately RB 30321 298 44 derived derive VBN 30321 298 45 therapsid therapsid JJ 30321 298 46 or or CC 30321 298 47 mammalian mammalian JJ 30321 298 48 condition condition NN 30321 298 49 was be VBD 30321 298 50 achieved achieve VBN 30321 298 51 . . . 30321 299 1 The the DT 30321 299 2 second second JJ 30321 299 3 course course NN 30321 299 4 has have VBZ 30321 299 5 been be VBN 30321 299 6 the the DT 30321 299 7 attempt attempt NN 30321 299 8 to to TO 30321 299 9 explain explain VB 30321 299 10 the the DT 30321 299 11 appearance appearance NN 30321 299 12 of of IN 30321 299 13 temporal temporal JJ 30321 299 14 openings opening NNS 30321 299 15 in in IN 30321 299 16 whatever whatever WDT 30321 299 17 line line NN 30321 299 18 in in IN 30321 299 19 which which WDT 30321 299 20 they -PRON- PRP 30321 299 21 occurred occur VBD 30321 299 22 by by IN 30321 299 23 the the DT 30321 299 24 action action NN 30321 299 25 of of IN 30321 299 26 the the DT 30321 299 27 same same JJ 30321 299 28 constant constant JJ 30321 299 29 selective selective JJ 30321 299 30 force force NN 30321 299 31 . . . 30321 300 1 According accord VBG 30321 300 2 to to IN 30321 300 3 the the DT 30321 300 4 reasoning reasoning NN 30321 300 5 of of IN 30321 300 6 this this DT 30321 300 7 theory theory NN 30321 300 8 , , , 30321 300 9 temporal temporal JJ 30321 300 10 fenestration fenestration NN 30321 300 11 in in IN 30321 300 12 all all DT 30321 300 13 groups group NNS 30321 300 14 was be VBD 30321 300 15 due due JJ 30321 300 16 to to IN 30321 300 17 the the DT 30321 300 18 need need NN 30321 300 19 to to TO 30321 300 20 decrease decrease VB 30321 300 21 the the DT 30321 300 22 total total JJ 30321 300 23 weight weight NN 30321 300 24 of of IN 30321 300 25 the the DT 30321 300 26 skull skull NN 30321 300 27 , , , 30321 300 28 and and CC 30321 300 29 selection selection NN 30321 300 30 in in IN 30321 300 31 all all PDT 30321 300 32 those those DT 30321 300 33 groups group NNS 30321 300 34 where where WRB 30321 300 35 temporal temporal JJ 30321 300 36 fenestration fenestration NN 30321 300 37 occurs occur VBZ 30321 300 38 was be VBD 30321 300 39 to to TO 30321 300 40 further further RB 30321 300 41 that that DT 30321 300 42 end end NN 30321 300 43 . . . 30321 301 1 Both both DT 30321 301 2 of of IN 30321 301 3 these these DT 30321 301 4 routes route NNS 30321 301 5 of of IN 30321 301 6 inquiry inquiry NN 30321 301 7 are be VBP 30321 301 8 inadequate inadequate JJ 30321 301 9 . . . 30321 302 1 If if IN 30321 302 2 modern modern JJ 30321 302 3 views view NNS 30321 302 4 of of IN 30321 302 5 selection selection NN 30321 302 6 are be VBP 30321 302 7 applied apply VBN 30321 302 8 to to IN 30321 302 9 the the DT 30321 302 10 problem problem NN 30321 302 11 of of IN 30321 302 12 explaining explain VBG 30321 302 13 the the DT 30321 302 14 appearance appearance NN 30321 302 15 of of IN 30321 302 16 temporal temporal JJ 30321 302 17 fenestrae fenestra NNS 30321 302 18 , , , 30321 302 19 the the DT 30321 302 20 possibility possibility NN 30321 302 21 can can MD 30321 302 22 not not RB 30321 302 23 be be VB 30321 302 24 ignored ignore VBN 30321 302 25 that that IN 30321 302 26 : : : 30321 302 27 1 1 LS 30321 302 28 . . . 30321 303 1 Selective selective JJ 30321 303 2 pressures pressure NNS 30321 303 3 causing cause VBG 30321 303 4 the the DT 30321 303 5 inception inception NN 30321 303 6 of of IN 30321 303 7 temporal temporal JJ 30321 303 8 fenestrae fenestra NNS 30321 303 9 differed differ VBN 30321 303 10 from from IN 30321 303 11 those those DT 30321 303 12 causing cause VBG 30321 303 13 the the DT 30321 303 14 continued continue VBN 30321 303 15 expansion expansion NN 30321 303 16 of of IN 30321 303 17 the the DT 30321 303 18 fenestrae fenestra NNS 30321 303 19 . . . 30321 304 1 2 2 LS 30321 304 2 . . . 30321 305 1 The the DT 30321 305 2 selective selective JJ 30321 305 3 pressures pressure NNS 30321 305 4 both both DT 30321 305 5 for for IN 30321 305 6 the the DT 30321 305 7 inception inception NN 30321 305 8 and and CC 30321 305 9 continued continued JJ 30321 305 10 expansion expansion NN 30321 305 11 of of IN 30321 305 12 the the DT 30321 305 13 fenestrae fenestra NNS 30321 305 14 differed differ VBN 30321 305 15 from from IN 30321 305 16 group group NN 30321 305 17 to to IN 30321 305 18 group group NN 30321 305 19 . . . 30321 306 1 3 3 LS 30321 306 2 . . . 30321 307 1 Selection selection NN 30321 307 2 perhaps perhaps RB 30321 307 3 involved involve VBD 30321 307 4 multiple multiple JJ 30321 307 5 pressures pressure NNS 30321 307 6 operating operate VBG 30321 307 7 concurrently concurrently RB 30321 307 8 . . . 30321 308 1 4 4 LS 30321 308 2 . . . 30321 309 1 Because because IN 30321 309 2 of of IN 30321 309 3 different different JJ 30321 309 4 genotypes genotype NNS 30321 309 5 the the DT 30321 309 6 potential potential NN 30321 309 7 of of IN 30321 309 8 the the DT 30321 309 9 temporal temporal JJ 30321 309 10 region region NN 30321 309 11 to to TO 30321 309 12 respond respond VB 30321 309 13 to to IN 30321 309 14 selective selective JJ 30321 309 15 demands demand NNS 30321 309 16 varied varied JJ 30321 309 17 from from IN 30321 309 18 group group NN 30321 309 19 to to IN 30321 309 20 group group NN 30321 309 21 . . . 30321 310 1 [ [ -LRB- 30321 310 2 Illustration illustration NN 30321 310 3 : : : 30321 310 4 FIG FIG NNP 30321 310 5 . . . 30321 311 1 9 9 CD 30321 311 2 . . . 30321 312 1 _ _ NNP 30321 312 2 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 312 3 . . . 30321 312 4 _ _ NNP 30321 312 5 Diagram Diagram NNP 30321 312 6 , , , 30321 312 7 showing show VBG 30321 312 8 some some DT 30321 312 9 hypothetical hypothetical JJ 30321 312 10 lines line NNS 30321 312 11 of of IN 30321 312 12 stress stress NN 30321 312 13 . . . 30321 313 1 Approx approx NN 30321 313 2 . . . 30321 314 1 × × UH 30321 314 2 1 1 CD 30321 314 3 . . . 30321 314 4 ] ] -RRB- 30321 315 1 [ [ -LRB- 30321 315 2 Illustration illustration NN 30321 315 3 : : : 30321 315 4 FIG FIG NNP 30321 315 5 . . . 30321 316 1 10 10 CD 30321 316 2 . . . 30321 317 1 _ _ NNP 30321 317 2 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 317 3 . . . 30321 317 4 _ _ NNP 30321 317 5 Diagram Diagram NNP 30321 317 6 , , , 30321 317 7 showing show VBG 30321 317 8 areas area NNS 30321 317 9 of of IN 30321 317 10 internal internal JJ 30321 317 11 thickening thickening NN 30321 317 12 . . . 30321 318 1 Approx approx NN 30321 318 2 . . . 30321 319 1 × × UH 30321 319 2 1 1 CD 30321 319 3 . . . 30321 319 4 ] ] -RRB- 30321 320 1 [ [ -LRB- 30321 320 2 Illustration illustration NN 30321 320 3 : : : 30321 320 4 FIG FIG NNP 30321 320 5 . . . 30321 321 1 11 11 CD 30321 321 2 . . . 30321 322 1 _ _ NNP 30321 322 2 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 322 3 . . . 30321 322 4 _ _ NNP 30321 322 5 Diagram Diagram NNP 30321 322 6 , , , 30321 322 7 showing show VBG 30321 322 8 orientation orientation NN 30321 322 9 of of IN 30321 322 10 sculpture sculpture NN 30321 322 11 . . . 30321 323 1 Approx approx NN 30321 323 2 . . . 30321 324 1 × × UH 30321 324 2 1 1 CD 30321 324 3 . . . 30321 324 4 ] ] -RRB- 30321 325 1 Secondly secondly RB 30321 325 2 , , , 30321 325 3 the the DT 30321 325 4 vectors vector NNS 30321 325 5 of of IN 30321 325 6 mechanical mechanical JJ 30321 325 7 force force NN 30321 325 8 associated associate VBN 30321 325 9 with with IN 30321 325 10 the the DT 30321 325 11 temporal temporal JJ 30321 325 12 region region NN 30321 325 13 are be VBP 30321 325 14 complex complex JJ 30321 325 15 ( ( -LRB- 30321 325 16 Fig fig NN 30321 325 17 . . . 30321 326 1 9 9 LS 30321 326 2 ) ) -RRB- 30321 326 3 . . . 30321 327 1 Presumably presumably RB 30321 327 2 it -PRON- PRP 30321 327 3 was be VBD 30321 327 4 toward toward IN 30321 327 5 a a DT 30321 327 6 more more RBR 30321 327 7 efficient efficient JJ 30321 327 8 mechanism mechanism NN 30321 327 9 to to TO 30321 327 10 withstand withstand VB 30321 327 11 these these DT 30321 327 12 that that IN 30321 327 13 selection selection NN 30321 327 14 on on IN 30321 327 15 the the DT 30321 327 16 cheek cheek NN 30321 327 17 region region NN 30321 327 18 was be VBD 30321 327 19 operating operate VBG 30321 327 20 . . . 30321 328 1 The the DT 30321 328 2 simpler simple JJR 30321 328 3 and and CC 30321 328 4 more more RBR 30321 328 5 readily readily RB 30321 328 6 analyzed analyze VBN 30321 328 7 of of IN 30321 328 8 these these DT 30321 328 9 forces force NNS 30321 328 10 are be VBP 30321 328 11 : : : 30321 328 12 1 1 LS 30321 328 13 . . . 30321 329 1 The the DT 30321 329 2 force force NN 30321 329 3 exerted exert VBN 30321 329 4 by by IN 30321 329 5 the the DT 30321 329 6 weight weight NN 30321 329 7 of of IN 30321 329 8 the the DT 30321 329 9 skull skull NN 30321 329 10 anterior anterior NN 30321 329 11 to to IN 30321 329 12 the the DT 30321 329 13 cheek cheek NN 30321 329 14 and and CC 30321 329 15 the the DT 30321 329 16 distribution distribution NN 30321 329 17 of of IN 30321 329 18 that that DT 30321 329 19 weight weight NN 30321 329 20 depending depend VBG 30321 329 21 upon upon IN 30321 329 22 , , , 30321 329 23 for for IN 30321 329 24 example example NN 30321 329 25 , , , 30321 329 26 the the DT 30321 329 27 length length NN 30321 329 28 of of IN 30321 329 29 the the DT 30321 329 30 snout snout NN 30321 329 31 in in IN 30321 329 32 relation relation NN 30321 329 33 to to IN 30321 329 34 its -PRON- PRP$ 30321 329 35 width width NN 30321 329 36 , , , 30321 329 37 and and CC 30321 329 38 the the DT 30321 329 39 density density NN 30321 329 40 of of IN 30321 329 41 the the DT 30321 329 42 bone bone NN 30321 329 43 . . . 30321 330 1 2 2 LS 30321 330 2 . . . 30321 331 1 The the DT 30321 331 2 weight weight NN 30321 331 3 of of IN 30321 331 4 the the DT 30321 331 5 jaw jaw NN 30321 331 6 pulling pull VBG 30321 331 7 down down RP 30321 331 8 on on IN 30321 331 9 the the DT 30321 331 10 suspensorium suspensorium NN 30321 331 11 when when WRB 30321 331 12 the the DT 30321 331 13 jaw jaw NN 30321 331 14 is be VBZ 30321 331 15 at at IN 30321 331 16 rest rest NN 30321 331 17 and and CC 30321 331 18 the the DT 30321 331 19 compression compression NN 30321 331 20 against against IN 30321 331 21 the the DT 30321 331 22 suspensorium suspensorium NN 30321 331 23 when when WRB 30321 331 24 the the DT 30321 331 25 jaw jaw NN 30321 331 26 is be VBZ 30321 331 27 adducted adduct VBN 30321 331 28 ; ; : 30321 331 29 the the DT 30321 331 30 distribution distribution NN 30321 331 31 of of IN 30321 331 32 these these DT 30321 331 33 stresses stress NNS 30321 331 34 depending depend VBG 30321 331 35 upon upon IN 30321 331 36 the the DT 30321 331 37 length length NN 30321 331 38 and and CC 30321 331 39 breadth breadth NN 30321 331 40 of of IN 30321 331 41 the the DT 30321 331 42 snout snout NN 30321 331 43 , , , 30321 331 44 the the DT 30321 331 45 rigidity rigidity NN 30321 331 46 of of IN 30321 331 47 the the DT 30321 331 48 anterior anterior NNP 30321 331 49 symphysis symphysis NN 30321 331 50 , , , 30321 331 51 and and CC 30321 331 52 the the DT 30321 331 53 extent extent NN 30321 331 54 of of IN 30321 331 55 the the DT 30321 331 56 quadrate quadrate NN 30321 331 57 - - HYPH 30321 331 58 articular articular JJ 30321 331 59 joint joint NN 30321 331 60 . . . 30321 332 1 3 3 LS 30321 332 2 . . . 30321 333 1 The the DT 30321 333 2 magnitude magnitude NN 30321 333 3 and and CC 30321 333 4 extent extent NN 30321 333 5 of of IN 30321 333 6 the the DT 30321 333 7 vectors vector NNS 30321 333 8 of of IN 30321 333 9 force force NN 30321 333 10 transmitted transmit VBN 30321 333 11 through through IN 30321 333 12 the the DT 30321 333 13 occiput occiput NN 30321 333 14 from from IN 30321 333 15 the the DT 30321 333 16 articulation articulation NN 30321 333 17 with with IN 30321 333 18 the the DT 30321 333 19 vertebral vertebral JJ 30321 333 20 column column NN 30321 333 21 and and CC 30321 333 22 from from IN 30321 333 23 the the DT 30321 333 24 pull pull NN 30321 333 25 of of IN 30321 333 26 the the DT 30321 333 27 axial axial JJ 30321 333 28 musculature musculature NN 30321 333 29 . . . 30321 334 1 4 4 LS 30321 334 2 . . . 30321 335 1 The the DT 30321 335 2 downward downward JJ 30321 335 3 pull pull NN 30321 335 4 on on IN 30321 335 5 the the DT 30321 335 6 skull skull NN 30321 335 7 - - HYPH 30321 335 8 roof roof NN 30321 335 9 by by IN 30321 335 10 the the DT 30321 335 11 adductor adductor NN 30321 335 12 muscles muscle NNS 30321 335 13 of of IN 30321 335 14 the the DT 30321 335 15 mandible mandible NN 30321 335 16 . . . 30321 336 1 5 5 CD 30321 336 2 . . . 30321 337 1 The the DT 30321 337 2 lateral lateral JJ 30321 337 3 push push NN 30321 337 4 exerted exert VBN 30321 337 5 against against IN 30321 337 6 the the DT 30321 337 7 cheek cheek NN 30321 337 8 by by IN 30321 337 9 the the DT 30321 337 10 expansion expansion NN 30321 337 11 of of IN 30321 337 12 the the DT 30321 337 13 mandibular mandibular JJ 30321 337 14 adductors adductor NNS 30321 337 15 during during IN 30321 337 16 contraction contraction NN 30321 337 17 . . . 30321 338 1 6 6 CD 30321 338 2 . . . 30321 339 1 The the DT 30321 339 2 necessity necessity NN 30321 339 3 to to TO 30321 339 4 compensate compensate VB 30321 339 5 for for IN 30321 339 6 the the DT 30321 339 7 weakness weakness NN 30321 339 8 in in IN 30321 339 9 the the DT 30321 339 10 skull skull NN 30321 339 11 caused cause VBN 30321 339 12 by by IN 30321 339 13 the the DT 30321 339 14 orbits orbit NNS 30321 339 15 , , , 30321 339 16 particularly particularly RB 30321 339 17 in in IN 30321 339 18 those those DT 30321 339 19 kinds kind NNS 30321 339 20 of of IN 30321 339 21 primitive primitive JJ 30321 339 22 tetrapods tetrapod NNS 30321 339 23 in in IN 30321 339 24 which which WDT 30321 339 25 the the DT 30321 339 26 orbits orbit NNS 30321 339 27 are be VBP 30321 339 28 large large JJ 30321 339 29 . . . 30321 340 1 The the DT 30321 340 2 distribution distribution NN 30321 340 3 of of IN 30321 340 4 these these DT 30321 340 5 stresses stress NNS 30321 340 6 is be VBZ 30321 340 7 further far RBR 30321 340 8 complicated complicate VBN 30321 340 9 and and CC 30321 340 10 modified modify VBN 30321 340 11 by by IN 30321 340 12 such such JJ 30321 340 13 factors factor NNS 30321 340 14 as as IN 30321 340 15 : : : 30321 340 16 1 1 CD 30321 340 17 . . . 30321 341 1 The the DT 30321 341 2 completeness completeness NN 30321 341 3 or or CC 30321 341 4 incompleteness incompleteness NN 30321 341 5 of of IN 30321 341 6 the the DT 30321 341 7 occiput occiput NN 30321 341 8 and and CC 30321 341 9 the the DT 30321 341 10 location location NN 30321 341 11 and and CC 30321 341 12 extent extent NN 30321 341 13 of of IN 30321 341 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 30321 341 15 attachment attachment NN 30321 341 16 to to IN 30321 341 17 the the DT 30321 341 18 dermal dermal JJ 30321 341 19 roof roof NN 30321 341 20 . . . 30321 342 1 2 2 LS 30321 342 2 . . . 30321 343 1 The the DT 30321 343 2 size size NN 30321 343 3 and and CC 30321 343 4 rigidity rigidity NN 30321 343 5 of of IN 30321 343 6 the the DT 30321 343 7 braincase braincase NN 30321 343 8 and and CC 30321 343 9 palate palate NN 30321 343 10 , , , 30321 343 11 and and CC 30321 343 12 the the DT 30321 343 13 extent extent NN 30321 343 14 and and CC 30321 343 15 rigidity rigidity NN 30321 343 16 of of IN 30321 343 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 30321 343 18 contact contact NN 30321 343 19 with with IN 30321 343 20 the the DT 30321 343 21 skull skull NN 30321 343 22 . . . 30321 344 1 The the DT 30321 344 2 stresses stress NNS 30321 344 3 applied apply VBN 30321 344 4 to to IN 30321 344 5 the the DT 30321 344 6 cheek cheek NN 30321 344 7 fall fall NN 30321 344 8 into into IN 30321 344 9 two two CD 30321 344 10 groups group NNS 30321 344 11 . . . 30321 345 1 The the DT 30321 345 2 first first JJ 30321 345 3 includes include VBZ 30321 345 4 all all DT 30321 345 5 of of IN 30321 345 6 those those DT 30321 345 7 stresses stress NNS 30321 345 8 that that WDT 30321 345 9 ran run VBD 30321 345 10 through through RB 30321 345 11 and and CC 30321 345 12 parallel parallel VB 30321 345 13 to to IN 30321 345 14 the the DT 30321 345 15 plane plane NN 30321 345 16 of of IN 30321 345 17 the the DT 30321 345 18 cheek cheek NN 30321 345 19 initially initially RB 30321 345 20 . . . 30321 346 1 The the DT 30321 346 2 weight weight NN 30321 346 3 of of IN 30321 346 4 the the DT 30321 346 5 jaw jaw NN 30321 346 6 and and CC 30321 346 7 snout snout NN 30321 346 8 , , , 30321 346 9 the the DT 30321 346 10 pull pull NN 30321 346 11 of of IN 30321 346 12 the the DT 30321 346 13 axial axial JJ 30321 346 14 musculature musculature NN 30321 346 15 , , , 30321 346 16 and and CC 30321 346 17 the the DT 30321 346 18 necessity necessity NN 30321 346 19 to to TO 30321 346 20 provide provide VB 30321 346 21 firm firm JJ 30321 346 22 anchorage anchorage NN 30321 346 23 for for IN 30321 346 24 the the DT 30321 346 25 teeth tooth NNS 30321 346 26 created create VBD 30321 346 27 stresses stress NNS 30321 346 28 that that WDT 30321 346 29 acted act VBD 30321 346 30 in in IN 30321 346 31 this this DT 30321 346 32 manner manner NN 30321 346 33 . . . 30321 347 1 The the DT 30321 347 2 second second JJ 30321 347 3 group group NN 30321 347 4 comprises comprise VBZ 30321 347 5 those those DT 30321 347 6 stresses stress NNS 30321 347 7 that that WDT 30321 347 8 were be VBD 30321 347 9 applied apply VBN 30321 347 10 initially initially RB 30321 347 11 at at IN 30321 347 12 an an DT 30321 347 13 oblique oblique JJ 30321 347 14 angle angle NN 30321 347 15 to to IN 30321 347 16 the the DT 30321 347 17 cheek cheek NN 30321 347 18 and and CC 30321 347 19 not not RB 30321 347 20 parallel parallel JJ 30321 347 21 to to IN 30321 347 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 30321 347 23 plane plane NN 30321 347 24 . . . 30321 348 1 Within within IN 30321 348 2 this this DT 30321 348 3 group group NN 30321 348 4 are be VBP 30321 348 5 the the DT 30321 348 6 stresses stress NNS 30321 348 7 created create VBN 30321 348 8 by by IN 30321 348 9 the the DT 30321 348 10 adductors adductor NNS 30321 348 11 of of IN 30321 348 12 the the DT 30321 348 13 jaw jaw NN 30321 348 14 , , , 30321 348 15 pulling pull VBG 30321 348 16 down down RP 30321 348 17 and and CC 30321 348 18 medially medially RB 30321 348 19 from from IN 30321 348 20 the the DT 30321 348 21 roof roof NN 30321 348 22 , , , 30321 348 23 and and CC 30321 348 24 sometimes sometimes RB 30321 348 25 , , , 30321 348 26 during during IN 30321 348 27 contraction contraction NN 30321 348 28 , , , 30321 348 29 pushing push VBG 30321 348 30 out out RP 30321 348 31 against against IN 30321 348 32 the the DT 30321 348 33 cheek cheek NN 30321 348 34 . . . 30321 349 1 It -PRON- PRP 30321 349 2 is be VBZ 30321 349 3 reasonable reasonable JJ 30321 349 4 to to TO 30321 349 5 assume assume VB 30321 349 6 that that IN 30321 349 7 the the DT 30321 349 8 vectors vector NNS 30321 349 9 of of IN 30321 349 10 these these DT 30321 349 11 stresses stress NNS 30321 349 12 were be VBD 30321 349 13 concentrated concentrate VBN 30321 349 14 at at IN 30321 349 15 the the DT 30321 349 16 loci loci NN 30321 349 17 of of IN 30321 349 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 30321 349 19 origin origin NN 30321 349 20 . . . 30321 350 1 For for IN 30321 350 2 example example NN 30321 350 3 , , , 30321 350 4 the the DT 30321 350 5 effect effect NN 30321 350 6 of of IN 30321 350 7 the the DT 30321 350 8 forces force NNS 30321 350 9 created create VBN 30321 350 10 by by IN 30321 350 11 the the DT 30321 350 12 articulation articulation NN 30321 350 13 of of IN 30321 350 14 the the DT 30321 350 15 jaw jaw NN 30321 350 16 upon upon IN 30321 350 17 the the DT 30321 350 18 skull skull NN 30321 350 19 was be VBD 30321 350 20 concentrated concentrate VBN 30321 350 21 at at IN 30321 350 22 the the DT 30321 350 23 joint joint NN 30321 350 24 between between IN 30321 350 25 the the DT 30321 350 26 quadrate quadrate JJ 30321 350 27 , , , 30321 350 28 quadratojugal quadratojugal NNP 30321 350 29 , , , 30321 350 30 and and CC 30321 350 31 squamosal squamosal NN 30321 350 32 bones bone NNS 30321 350 33 . . . 30321 351 1 From from IN 30321 351 2 this this DT 30321 351 3 relatively relatively RB 30321 351 4 restricted restrict VBN 30321 351 5 area area NN 30321 351 6 , , , 30321 351 7 the the DT 30321 351 8 stresses stress NNS 30321 351 9 radiated radiate VBN 30321 351 10 out out RP 30321 351 11 over over IN 30321 351 12 the the DT 30321 351 13 temporal temporal JJ 30321 351 14 region region NN 30321 351 15 . . . 30321 352 1 Similarly similarly RB 30321 352 2 , , , 30321 352 3 the the DT 30321 352 4 stresses stress NNS 30321 352 5 transmitted transmit VBN 30321 352 6 by by IN 30321 352 7 the the DT 30321 352 8 occiput occiput NN 30321 352 9 radiated radiate VBD 30321 352 10 over over IN 30321 352 11 the the DT 30321 352 12 cheek cheek NN 30321 352 13 from from IN 30321 352 14 the the DT 30321 352 15 points point NNS 30321 352 16 of of IN 30321 352 17 articulation articulation NN 30321 352 18 of of IN 30321 352 19 the the DT 30321 352 20 dermal dermal JJ 30321 352 21 roof roof NN 30321 352 22 with with IN 30321 352 23 the the DT 30321 352 24 occipital occipital JJ 30321 352 25 plate plate NN 30321 352 26 . . . 30321 353 1 In in IN 30321 353 2 both both DT 30321 353 3 of of IN 30321 353 4 these these DT 30321 353 5 examples example NNS 30321 353 6 , , , 30321 353 7 the the DT 30321 353 8 vectors vector NNS 30321 353 9 paralleled parallel VBD 30321 353 10 the the DT 30321 353 11 plane plane NN 30321 353 12 of of IN 30321 353 13 the the DT 30321 353 14 cheek cheek NN 30321 353 15 bones bone NNS 30321 353 16 . . . 30321 354 1 Similar similar JJ 30321 354 2 radiation radiation NN 30321 354 3 from from IN 30321 354 4 a a DT 30321 354 5 restricted restricted JJ 30321 354 6 area area NN 30321 354 7 , , , 30321 354 8 but but CC 30321 354 9 of of IN 30321 354 10 a a DT 30321 354 11 secondary secondary JJ 30321 354 12 nature nature NN 30321 354 13 , , , 30321 354 14 resulted result VBD 30321 354 15 from from IN 30321 354 16 stresses stress NNS 30321 354 17 applied apply VBN 30321 354 18 obliquely obliquely RB 30321 354 19 to to IN 30321 354 20 the the DT 30321 354 21 plane plane NN 30321 354 22 of of IN 30321 354 23 the the DT 30321 354 24 cheek cheek NN 30321 354 25 . . . 30321 355 1 The the DT 30321 355 2 initial initial JJ 30321 355 3 stresses stress NNS 30321 355 4 caused cause VBN 30321 355 5 by by IN 30321 355 6 the the DT 30321 355 7 adductors adductor NNS 30321 355 8 of of IN 30321 355 9 the the DT 30321 355 10 jaw jaw NN 30321 355 11 resulted result VBD 30321 355 12 from from IN 30321 355 13 muscles muscle NNS 30321 355 14 pulling pull VBG 30321 355 15 away away RB 30321 355 16 from from IN 30321 355 17 the the DT 30321 355 18 skull skull NN 30321 355 19 - - HYPH 30321 355 20 roof roof NN 30321 355 21 ; ; : 30321 355 22 secondary secondary JJ 30321 355 23 stresses stress NNS 30321 355 24 , , , 30321 355 25 created create VBN 30321 355 26 at at IN 30321 355 27 the the DT 30321 355 28 origins origin NNS 30321 355 29 of of IN 30321 355 30 these these DT 30321 355 31 muscles muscle NNS 30321 355 32 , , , 30321 355 33 radiated radiate VBN 30321 355 34 out out RP 30321 355 35 over over IN 30321 355 36 the the DT 30321 355 37 cheek cheek NN 30321 355 38 , , , 30321 355 39 parallel parallel JJ 30321 355 40 to to IN 30321 355 41 its -PRON- PRP$ 30321 355 42 plane plane NN 30321 355 43 . . . 30321 356 1 The the DT 30321 356 2 result result NN 30321 356 3 of of IN 30321 356 4 the the DT 30321 356 5 summation summation NN 30321 356 6 of of IN 30321 356 7 all all DT 30321 356 8 of of IN 30321 356 9 those those DT 30321 356 10 vectors vector NNS 30321 356 11 was be VBD 30321 356 12 a a DT 30321 356 13 complex complex JJ 30321 356 14 grid grid NN 30321 356 15 of of IN 30321 356 16 intersecting intersect VBG 30321 356 17 lines line NNS 30321 356 18 of of IN 30321 356 19 force force NN 30321 356 20 passing pass VBG 30321 356 21 in in IN 30321 356 22 many many JJ 30321 356 23 directions direction NNS 30321 356 24 both both CC 30321 356 25 parallel parallel NN 30321 356 26 to to IN 30321 356 27 the the DT 30321 356 28 plane plane NN 30321 356 29 of of IN 30321 356 30 the the DT 30321 356 31 cheek cheek NN 30321 356 32 and and CC 30321 356 33 at at IN 30321 356 34 the the DT 30321 356 35 perpendicular perpendicular JJ 30321 356 36 or or CC 30321 356 37 at at IN 30321 356 38 an an DT 30321 356 39 angle angle NN 30321 356 40 oblique oblique NN 30321 356 41 to to IN 30321 356 42 the the DT 30321 356 43 perpendicular perpendicular NN 30321 356 44 to to IN 30321 356 45 the the DT 30321 356 46 plane plane NN 30321 356 47 of of IN 30321 356 48 the the DT 30321 356 49 cheek cheek NN 30321 356 50 . . . 30321 357 1 Complexities complexity NNS 30321 357 2 are be VBP 30321 357 3 infused infuse VBN 30321 357 4 into into IN 30321 357 5 this this DT 30321 357 6 analysis analysis NN 30321 357 7 with with IN 30321 357 8 the the DT 30321 357 9 division division NN 30321 357 10 of of IN 30321 357 11 relatively relatively RB 30321 357 12 undifferentiated undifferentiated JJ 30321 357 13 muscles muscle NNS 30321 357 14 into into IN 30321 357 15 subordinate subordinate JJ 30321 357 16 groups group NNS 30321 357 17 . . . 30321 358 1 The the DT 30321 358 2 differentiation differentiation NN 30321 358 3 of of IN 30321 358 4 the the DT 30321 358 5 muscles muscle NNS 30321 358 6 was be VBD 30321 358 7 related relate VBN 30321 358 8 to to IN 30321 358 9 changing change VBG 30321 358 10 food food NN 30321 358 11 habits habit NNS 30321 358 12 , , , 30321 358 13 increased increase VBN 30321 358 14 mobility mobility NN 30321 358 15 of of IN 30321 358 16 the the DT 30321 358 17 head head NN 30321 358 18 , , , 30321 358 19 and and CC 30321 358 20 increase increase VB 30321 358 21 in in IN 30321 358 22 the the DT 30321 358 23 freedom freedom NN 30321 358 24 of of IN 30321 358 25 movement movement NN 30321 358 26 of of IN 30321 358 27 the the DT 30321 358 28 shoulder shoulder NN 30321 358 29 girdle girdle NN 30321 358 30 and and CC 30321 358 31 forelimbs forelimb NNS 30321 358 32 ( ( -LRB- 30321 358 33 Olson Olson NNP 30321 358 34 , , , 30321 358 35 1961:214 1961:214 CD 30321 358 36 ) ) -RRB- 30321 358 37 . . . 30321 359 1 As as IN 30321 359 2 Olson Olson NNP 30321 359 3 has have VBZ 30321 359 4 pointed point VBN 30321 359 5 out out RP 30321 359 6 , , , 30321 359 7 this this DT 30321 359 8 further further RB 30321 359 9 localized localize VBD 30321 359 10 the the DT 30321 359 11 stresses stress NNS 30321 359 12 to to TO 30321 359 13 which which WDT 30321 359 14 the the DT 30321 359 15 bone bone NN 30321 359 16 was be VBD 30321 359 17 subjected subject VBN 30321 359 18 . . . 30321 360 1 Additional additional JJ 30321 360 2 localization localization NN 30321 360 3 of of IN 30321 360 4 stresses stress NNS 30321 360 5 was be VBD 30321 360 6 created create VBN 30321 360 7 with with IN 30321 360 8 the the DT 30321 360 9 origin origin NN 30321 360 10 and and CC 30321 360 11 development development NN 30321 360 12 of of IN 30321 360 13 tetrapods tetrapod NNS 30321 360 14 ( ( -LRB- 30321 360 15 reptiles reptiles NNP 30321 360 16 ) ) -RRB- 30321 360 17 that that WDT 30321 360 18 were be VBD 30321 360 19 independent independent JJ 30321 360 20 of of IN 30321 360 21 an an DT 30321 360 22 aquatic aquatic JJ 30321 360 23 environment environment NN 30321 360 24 and and CC 30321 360 25 were be VBD 30321 360 26 subjected subject VBN 30321 360 27 to to IN 30321 360 28 greater great JJR 30321 360 29 effects effect NNS 30321 360 30 of of IN 30321 360 31 gravity gravity NN 30321 360 32 and and CC 30321 360 33 loss loss NN 30321 360 34 of of IN 30321 360 35 bouyancy bouyancy NN 30321 360 36 in in IN 30321 360 37 the the DT 30321 360 38 migration migration NN 30321 360 39 from from IN 30321 360 40 the the DT 30321 360 41 aqueous aqueous JJ 30321 360 42 environment environment NN 30321 360 43 to to IN 30321 360 44 the the DT 30321 360 45 environment environment NN 30321 360 46 of of IN 30321 360 47 air air NN 30321 360 48 . . . 30321 361 1 The the DT 30321 361 2 localization localization NN 30321 361 3 of of IN 30321 361 4 these these DT 30321 361 5 stresses stress NNS 30321 361 6 was be VBD 30321 361 7 in in IN 30321 361 8 the the DT 30321 361 9 border border NN 30321 361 10 area area NN 30321 361 11 of of IN 30321 361 12 the the DT 30321 361 13 cheek cheek NN 30321 361 14 , , , 30321 361 15 away away RB 30321 361 16 from from IN 30321 361 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 30321 361 18 center center NN 30321 361 19 . . . 30321 362 1 What what WDT 30321 362 2 evidence evidence NN 30321 362 3 is be VBZ 30321 362 4 available available JJ 30321 362 5 to to TO 30321 362 6 support support VB 30321 362 7 this this DT 30321 362 8 analysis analysis NN 30321 362 9 of of IN 30321 362 10 hypothetical hypothetical JJ 30321 362 11 forces force NNS 30321 362 12 transmitted transmit VBN 30321 362 13 through through IN 30321 362 14 the the DT 30321 362 15 fully fully RB 30321 362 16 - - HYPH 30321 362 17 roofed roof VBN 30321 362 18 skull skull NN 30321 362 19 of of IN 30321 362 20 such such PDT 30321 362 21 an an DT 30321 362 22 animal animal NN 30321 362 23 as as IN 30321 362 24 _ _ NNP 30321 362 25 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 362 26 _ _ NNP 30321 362 27 ? ? . 30321 363 1 It -PRON- PRP 30321 363 2 is be VBZ 30321 363 3 axiomatic axiomatic JJ 30321 363 4 that that IN 30321 363 5 bones bone NNS 30321 363 6 or or CC 30321 363 7 parts part NNS 30321 363 8 of of IN 30321 363 9 bones bone NNS 30321 363 10 that that WDT 30321 363 11 are be VBP 30321 363 12 subject subject JJ 30321 363 13 to to IN 30321 363 14 increased increase VBN 30321 363 15 stress stress NN 30321 363 16 become become VB 30321 363 17 thicker thick JJR 30321 363 18 , , , 30321 363 19 at at IN 30321 363 20 least least JJS 30321 363 21 in in IN 30321 363 22 part part NN 30321 363 23 . . . 30321 364 1 This this DT 30321 364 2 occurs occur VBZ 30321 364 3 ontogenetically ontogenetically RB 30321 364 4 , , , 30321 364 5 and and CC 30321 364 6 it -PRON- PRP 30321 364 7 occurs occur VBZ 30321 364 8 phylogenetically phylogenetically RB 30321 364 9 through through IN 30321 364 10 selection selection NN 30321 364 11 . . . 30321 365 1 Weak weak JJ 30321 365 2 bones bone NNS 30321 365 3 will will MD 30321 365 4 not not RB 30321 365 5 be be VB 30321 365 6 selected select VBN 30321 365 7 for for IN 30321 365 8 . . . 30321 366 1 Figure figure NN 30321 366 2 10 10 CD 30321 366 3 illustrates illustrate VBZ 30321 366 4 the the DT 30321 366 5 pattern pattern NN 30321 366 6 of of IN 30321 366 7 the the DT 30321 366 8 areas area NNS 30321 366 9 of of IN 30321 366 10 the the DT 30321 366 11 skull skull NN 30321 366 12 - - HYPH 30321 366 13 roof roof NN 30321 366 14 in in IN 30321 366 15 the the DT 30321 366 16 temporal temporal JJ 30321 366 17 region region NN 30321 366 18 that that WDT 30321 366 19 are be VBP 30321 366 20 marked mark VBN 30321 366 21 on on IN 30321 366 22 the the DT 30321 366 23 internal internal JJ 30321 366 24 surface surface NN 30321 366 25 by by IN 30321 366 26 broad broad JJ 30321 366 27 , , , 30321 366 28 low low JJ 30321 366 29 thickened thicken VBN 30321 366 30 ridges ridge NNS 30321 366 31 . . . 30321 367 1 The the DT 30321 367 2 position position NN 30321 367 3 of of IN 30321 367 4 these these DT 30321 367 5 ridges ridge NNS 30321 367 6 correlates correlate VBZ 30321 367 7 well well RB 30321 367 8 with with IN 30321 367 9 the the DT 30321 367 10 position position NN 30321 367 11 of of IN 30321 367 12 the the DT 30321 367 13 oriented orient VBN 30321 367 14 stresses stress NNS 30321 367 15 that that WDT 30321 367 16 were be VBD 30321 367 17 presumably presumably RB 30321 367 18 applied apply VBN 30321 367 19 to to IN 30321 367 20 the the DT 30321 367 21 skull skull NN 30321 367 22 of of IN 30321 367 23 _ _ NNP 30321 367 24 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 367 25 _ _ NNP 30321 367 26 during during IN 30321 367 27 life life NN 30321 367 28 . . . 30321 368 1 It -PRON- PRP 30321 368 2 can can MD 30321 368 3 be be VB 30321 368 4 seen see VBN 30321 368 5 from from IN 30321 368 6 Figure Figure NNP 30321 368 7 10 10 CD 30321 368 8 that that IN 30321 368 9 the the DT 30321 368 10 central central JJ 30321 368 11 area area NN 30321 368 12 of of IN 30321 368 13 the the DT 30321 368 14 cheek cheek NN 30321 368 15 is be VBZ 30321 368 16 thinner thin JJR 30321 368 17 than than IN 30321 368 18 parts part NNS 30321 368 19 of of IN 30321 368 20 the the DT 30321 368 21 cheek cheek NN 30321 368 22 that that WDT 30321 368 23 border border VBP 30321 368 24 the the DT 30321 368 25 central central JJ 30321 368 26 area area NN 30321 368 27 . . . 30321 369 1 The the DT 30321 369 2 thickened thicken VBN 30321 369 3 border border NN 30321 369 4 areas area NNS 30321 369 5 were be VBD 30321 369 6 the the DT 30321 369 7 regions region NNS 30321 369 8 of of IN 30321 369 9 the the DT 30321 369 10 cheek cheek NN 30321 369 11 that that WDT 30321 369 12 were be VBD 30321 369 13 subjected subject VBN 30321 369 14 to to IN 30321 369 15 greater great JJR 30321 369 16 stress stress NN 30321 369 17 than than IN 30321 369 18 the the DT 30321 369 19 thin thin JJ 30321 369 20 central central JJ 30321 369 21 areas area NNS 30321 369 22 . . . 30321 370 1 External external JJ 30321 370 2 evidence evidence NN 30321 370 3 of of IN 30321 370 4 stress stress NN 30321 370 5 may may MD 30321 370 6 also also RB 30321 370 7 be be VB 30321 370 8 present present JJ 30321 370 9 . . . 30321 371 1 The the DT 30321 371 2 pattern pattern NN 30321 371 3 of of IN 30321 371 4 sculpturing sculpturing NN 30321 371 5 of of IN 30321 371 6 _ _ NNP 30321 371 7 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 371 8 _ _ NNP 30321 371 9 is be VBZ 30321 371 10 presented present VBN 30321 371 11 in in IN 30321 371 12 Figure Figure NNP 30321 371 13 11 11 CD 30321 371 14 . . . 30321 372 1 The the DT 30321 372 2 longer long JJR 30321 372 3 ridges ridge NNS 30321 372 4 are be VBP 30321 372 5 arranged arrange VBN 30321 372 6 in in IN 30321 372 7 a a DT 30321 372 8 definite definite JJ 30321 372 9 pattern pattern NN 30321 372 10 . . . 30321 373 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 30321 373 2 position position NN 30321 373 3 and and CC 30321 373 4 direction direction NN 30321 373 5 correlates correlate VBZ 30321 373 6 well well RB 30321 373 7 with with IN 30321 373 8 the the DT 30321 373 9 thickened thicken VBN 30321 373 10 border border NN 30321 373 11 of of IN 30321 373 12 the the DT 30321 373 13 cheek cheek NN 30321 373 14 , , , 30321 373 15 the the DT 30321 373 16 region region NN 30321 373 17 in in IN 30321 373 18 which which WDT 30321 373 19 the the DT 30321 373 20 stresses stress NNS 30321 373 21 are be VBP 30321 373 22 distinctly distinctly RB 30321 373 23 oriented orient VBN 30321 373 24 . . . 30321 374 1 For for IN 30321 374 2 example example NN 30321 374 3 , , , 30321 374 4 a a DT 30321 374 5 ridge ridge NN 30321 374 6 is be VBZ 30321 374 7 present present JJ 30321 374 8 on on IN 30321 374 9 the the DT 30321 374 10 internal internal JJ 30321 374 11 surface surface NN 30321 374 12 of of IN 30321 374 13 the the DT 30321 374 14 squamosal squamosal NN 30321 374 15 along along IN 30321 374 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 30321 374 17 dorsal dorsal NN 30321 374 18 border border NN 30321 374 19 . . . 30321 375 1 Externally externally RB 30321 375 2 , , , 30321 375 3 the the DT 30321 375 4 sculptured sculptured JJ 30321 375 5 ridges ridge NNS 30321 375 6 are be VBP 30321 375 7 long long JJ 30321 375 8 and and CC 30321 375 9 roughly roughly RB 30321 375 10 parallel parallel JJ 30321 375 11 , , , 30321 375 12 both both CC 30321 375 13 to to IN 30321 375 14 each each DT 30321 375 15 other other JJ 30321 375 16 and and CC 30321 375 17 to to IN 30321 375 18 the the DT 30321 375 19 internal internal JJ 30321 375 20 ridge ridge NN 30321 375 21 . . . 30321 376 1 The the DT 30321 376 2 central central JJ 30321 376 3 area area NN 30321 376 4 of of IN 30321 376 5 the the DT 30321 376 6 cheek cheek NN 30321 376 7 is be VBZ 30321 376 8 characterized characterize VBN 30321 376 9 by by IN 30321 376 10 a a DT 30321 376 11 reticulate reticulate JJ 30321 376 12 pattern pattern NN 30321 376 13 of of IN 30321 376 14 short short JJ 30321 376 15 ridges ridge NNS 30321 376 16 , , , 30321 376 17 without without IN 30321 376 18 apparent apparent JJ 30321 376 19 orientation orientation NN 30321 376 20 . . . 30321 377 1 The the DT 30321 377 2 thinness thinness NN 30321 377 3 of of IN 30321 377 4 the the DT 30321 377 5 bone bone NN 30321 377 6 in in IN 30321 377 7 this this DT 30321 377 8 area area NN 30321 377 9 indicates indicate VBZ 30321 377 10 that that IN 30321 377 11 stresses stress NNS 30321 377 12 were be VBD 30321 377 13 less less RBR 30321 377 14 severe severe JJ 30321 377 15 here here RB 30321 377 16 . . . 30321 378 1 The the DT 30321 378 2 random random JJ 30321 378 3 pattern pattern NN 30321 378 4 of of IN 30321 378 5 the the DT 30321 378 6 sculpture sculpture NN 30321 378 7 also also RB 30321 378 8 indicates indicate VBZ 30321 378 9 that that IN 30321 378 10 the the DT 30321 378 11 stresses stress NNS 30321 378 12 passed pass VBN 30321 378 13 in in IN 30321 378 14 many many JJ 30321 378 15 directions direction NNS 30321 378 16 , , , 30321 378 17 parallel parallel JJ 30321 378 18 to to IN 30321 378 19 the the DT 30321 378 20 plane plane NN 30321 378 21 of of IN 30321 378 22 the the DT 30321 378 23 cheek cheek NN 30321 378 24 and and CC 30321 378 25 obliquely obliquely RB 30321 378 26 to to IN 30321 378 27 that that DT 30321 378 28 plane plane NN 30321 378 29 . . . 30321 379 1 _ _ NNP 30321 379 2 Possible Possible NNP 30321 379 3 Explanation Explanation NNP 30321 379 4 for for IN 30321 379 5 the the DT 30321 379 6 Appearance appearance NN 30321 379 7 of of IN 30321 379 8 Temporal Temporal NNP 30321 379 9 Openings Openings NNPS 30321 379 10 _ _ NNP 30321 379 11 Bone Bone NNP 30321 379 12 has have VBZ 30321 379 13 three three CD 30321 379 14 primary primary JJ 30321 379 15 functions function NNS 30321 379 16 : : : 30321 379 17 support support NN 30321 379 18 , , , 30321 379 19 protection protection NN 30321 379 20 and and CC 30321 379 21 participation participation NN 30321 379 22 in in IN 30321 379 23 calcium calcium NN 30321 379 24 metabolism metabolism NN 30321 379 25 . . . 30321 380 1 Let let VB 30321 380 2 us -PRON- PRP 30321 380 3 assume assume VB 30321 380 4 that that IN 30321 380 5 the the DT 30321 380 6 requirements requirement NNS 30321 380 7 of of IN 30321 380 8 calcium calcium NN 30321 380 9 metabolism metabolism NN 30321 380 10 affect affect VBP 30321 380 11 the the DT 30321 380 12 mass mass NN 30321 380 13 of of IN 30321 380 14 bone bone NN 30321 380 15 that that WDT 30321 380 16 is be VBZ 30321 380 17 selected select VBN 30321 380 18 for for IN 30321 380 19 , , , 30321 380 20 but but CC 30321 380 21 do do VBP 30321 380 22 not not RB 30321 380 23 grossly grossly RB 30321 380 24 affect affect VB 30321 380 25 the the DT 30321 380 26 morphology morphology NN 30321 380 27 of of IN 30321 380 28 the the DT 30321 380 29 bones bone NNS 30321 380 30 of of IN 30321 380 31 that that DT 30321 380 32 mass mass NN 30321 380 33 . . . 30321 381 1 Then then RB 30321 381 2 selection selection NN 30321 381 3 operates operate VBZ 30321 381 4 to to TO 30321 381 5 meet meet VB 30321 381 6 the the DT 30321 381 7 needs need NNS 30321 381 8 for for IN 30321 381 9 support support NN 30321 381 10 within within IN 30321 381 11 the the DT 30321 381 12 limits limit NNS 30321 381 13 that that WDT 30321 381 14 are be VBP 30321 381 15 set set VBN 30321 381 16 by by IN 30321 381 17 the the DT 30321 381 18 necessity necessity NN 30321 381 19 to to TO 30321 381 20 provide provide VB 30321 381 21 the the DT 30321 381 22 protection protection NN 30321 381 23 for for IN 30321 381 24 vital vital JJ 30321 381 25 organs organ NNS 30321 381 26 . . . 30321 382 1 After after IN 30321 382 2 the the DT 30321 382 3 needs need NNS 30321 382 4 for for IN 30321 382 5 protection protection NN 30321 382 6 are be VBP 30321 382 7 satisfied satisfied JJ 30321 382 8 , , , 30321 382 9 the the DT 30321 382 10 remaining remain VBG 30321 382 11 variable variable NN 30321 382 12 and and CC 30321 382 13 the the DT 30321 382 14 one one NN 30321 382 15 most most RBS 30321 382 16 effective effective JJ 30321 382 17 in in IN 30321 382 18 determining determine VBG 30321 382 19 the the DT 30321 382 20 morphology morphology NN 30321 382 21 of of IN 30321 382 22 bones bone NNS 30321 382 23 is be VBZ 30321 382 24 selection selection NN 30321 382 25 for for IN 30321 382 26 increased increase VBN 30321 382 27 efficiency efficiency NN 30321 382 28 in in IN 30321 382 29 meeting meeting NN 30321 382 30 stress stress NN 30321 382 31 . . . 30321 383 1 Let let VB 30321 383 2 us -PRON- PRP 30321 383 3 also also RB 30321 383 4 assume assume VB 30321 383 5 that that IN 30321 383 6 bone bone NN 30321 383 7 increases increase NNS 30321 383 8 in in IN 30321 383 9 size size NN 30321 383 10 and/or and/or CC 30321 383 11 compactness compactness NN 30321 383 12 in in IN 30321 383 13 response response NN 30321 383 14 to to IN 30321 383 15 selection selection NN 30321 383 16 for for IN 30321 383 17 meeting meeting NN 30321 383 18 demands demand NNS 30321 383 19 of of IN 30321 383 20 increased increase VBN 30321 383 21 stress stress NN 30321 383 22 , , , 30321 383 23 but but CC 30321 383 24 is be VBZ 30321 383 25 selected select VBN 30321 383 26 against against IN 30321 383 27 when when WRB 30321 383 28 requirements requirement NNS 30321 383 29 for for IN 30321 383 30 support support NN 30321 383 31 are be VBP 30321 383 32 reduced reduce VBN 30321 383 33 or or CC 30321 383 34 absent absent JJ 30321 383 35 . . . 30321 384 1 Selection selection NN 30321 384 2 against against IN 30321 384 3 bone bone NN 30321 384 4 could could MD 30321 384 5 only only RB 30321 384 6 be be VB 30321 384 7 effective effective JJ 30321 384 8 within within IN 30321 384 9 the the DT 30321 384 10 limits limit NNS 30321 384 11 prescribed prescribe VBN 30321 384 12 by by IN 30321 384 13 the the DT 30321 384 14 requirements requirement NNS 30321 384 15 for for IN 30321 384 16 protection protection NN 30321 384 17 and and CC 30321 384 18 calcium calcium NN 30321 384 19 metabolism metabolism NN 30321 384 20 . . . 30321 385 1 We -PRON- PRP 30321 385 2 may may MD 30321 385 3 therefore therefore RB 30321 385 4 assume assume VB 30321 385 5 that that IN 30321 385 6 there there EX 30321 385 7 is be VBZ 30321 385 8 conservation conservation NN 30321 385 9 in in IN 30321 385 10 selection selection NN 30321 385 11 against against IN 30321 385 12 characters character NNS 30321 385 13 having have VBG 30321 385 14 multiple multiple JJ 30321 385 15 functions function NNS 30321 385 16 . . . 30321 386 1 Since since IN 30321 386 2 bone bone NN 30321 386 3 is be VBZ 30321 386 4 an an DT 30321 386 5 organ organ NN 30321 386 6 system system NN 30321 386 7 that that WDT 30321 386 8 plays play VBZ 30321 386 9 a a DT 30321 386 10 multiple multiple JJ 30321 386 11 role role NN 30321 386 12 in in IN 30321 386 13 the the DT 30321 386 14 vertebrate vertebrate JJ 30321 386 15 organism organism NN 30321 386 16 , , , 30321 386 17 a a DT 30321 386 18 change change NN 30321 386 19 in in IN 30321 386 20 the the DT 30321 386 21 selective selective JJ 30321 386 22 pressures pressure NNS 30321 386 23 that that WDT 30321 386 24 affect affect VBP 30321 386 25 one one CD 30321 386 26 of of IN 30321 386 27 the the DT 30321 386 28 roles role NNS 30321 386 29 of of IN 30321 386 30 bone bone NN 30321 386 31 can can MD 30321 386 32 only only RB 30321 386 33 be be VB 30321 386 34 effective effective JJ 30321 386 35 within within IN 30321 386 36 the the DT 30321 386 37 limits limit NNS 30321 386 38 set set VBN 30321 386 39 by by IN 30321 386 40 the the DT 30321 386 41 other other JJ 30321 386 42 roles role NNS 30321 386 43 . . . 30321 387 1 For for IN 30321 387 2 example example NN 30321 387 3 , , , 30321 387 4 selection selection NN 30321 387 5 against against IN 30321 387 6 bone bone NN 30321 387 7 that that WDT 30321 387 8 is be VBZ 30321 387 9 no no DT 30321 387 10 longer long RBR 30321 387 11 essential essential JJ 30321 387 12 for for IN 30321 387 13 support support NN 30321 387 14 can can MD 30321 387 15 occur occur VB 30321 387 16 only only RB 30321 387 17 so so RB 30321 387 18 long long RB 30321 387 19 as as IN 30321 387 20 the the DT 30321 387 21 metabolic metabolic JJ 30321 387 22 and and CC 30321 387 23 protective protective JJ 30321 387 24 needs need NNS 30321 387 25 of of IN 30321 387 26 the the DT 30321 387 27 organism organism NN 30321 387 28 provided provide VBN 30321 387 29 by by IN 30321 387 30 that that DT 30321 387 31 character character NN 30321 387 32 are be VBP 30321 387 33 not not RB 30321 387 34 compromised compromise VBN 30321 387 35 . . . 30321 388 1 If if IN 30321 388 2 a a DT 30321 388 3 character character NN 30321 388 4 no no RB 30321 388 5 longer longer RB 30321 388 6 has have VBZ 30321 388 7 a a DT 30321 388 8 positive positive JJ 30321 388 9 survival survival NN 30321 388 10 value value NN 30321 388 11 and and CC 30321 388 12 is be VBZ 30321 388 13 not not RB 30321 388 14 linked link VBN 30321 388 15 with with IN 30321 388 16 a a DT 30321 388 17 character character NN 30321 388 18 that that WDT 30321 388 19 does do VBZ 30321 388 20 have have VB 30321 388 21 a a DT 30321 388 22 positive positive JJ 30321 388 23 survival survival NN 30321 388 24 value value NN 30321 388 25 , , , 30321 388 26 then then RB 30321 388 27 the the DT 30321 388 28 metabolic metabolic JJ 30321 388 29 demands demand VBZ 30321 388 30 for for IN 30321 388 31 the the DT 30321 388 32 development development NN 30321 388 33 and and CC 30321 388 34 maintenance maintenance NN 30321 388 35 of of IN 30321 388 36 that that DT 30321 388 37 character character NN 30321 388 38 no no RB 30321 388 39 longer longer RB 30321 388 40 have have VBP 30321 388 41 a a DT 30321 388 42 positive positive JJ 30321 388 43 survival survival NN 30321 388 44 value value NN 30321 388 45 . . . 30321 389 1 A a DT 30321 389 2 useless useless JJ 30321 389 3 burden burden NN 30321 389 4 of of IN 30321 389 5 metabolic metabolic JJ 30321 389 6 demands demand NNS 30321 389 7 is be VBZ 30321 389 8 placed place VBN 30321 389 9 upon upon IN 30321 389 10 the the DT 30321 389 11 organism organism NN 30321 389 12 because because IN 30321 389 13 the the DT 30321 389 14 character character NN 30321 389 15 no no RB 30321 389 16 longer long RBR 30321 389 17 aids aid VBZ 30321 389 18 the the DT 30321 389 19 survival survival NN 30321 389 20 of of IN 30321 389 21 the the DT 30321 389 22 organism organism NN 30321 389 23 . . . 30321 390 1 If if IN 30321 390 2 selection selection NN 30321 390 3 caused cause VBD 30321 390 4 , , , 30321 390 5 for for IN 30321 390 6 example example NN 30321 390 7 , , , 30321 390 8 muscles muscle NNS 30321 390 9 to to TO 30321 390 10 migrate migrate VB 30321 390 11 away away RB 30321 390 12 from from IN 30321 390 13 the the DT 30321 390 14 center center NN 30321 390 15 of of IN 30321 390 16 the the DT 30321 390 17 cheek cheek NN 30321 390 18 , , , 30321 390 19 the the DT 30321 390 20 bone bone NN 30321 390 21 that that WDT 30321 390 22 had have VBD 30321 390 23 previously previously RB 30321 390 24 provided provide VBN 30321 390 25 support support NN 30321 390 26 for for IN 30321 390 27 these these DT 30321 390 28 muscles muscle NNS 30321 390 29 would would MD 30321 390 30 have have VB 30321 390 31 lost lose VBN 30321 390 32 one one CD 30321 390 33 of of IN 30321 390 34 its -PRON- PRP$ 30321 390 35 functions function NNS 30321 390 36 . . . 30321 391 1 If if IN 30321 391 2 in in IN 30321 391 3 a a DT 30321 391 4 population population NN 30321 391 5 of of IN 30321 391 6 such such JJ 30321 391 7 individuals individual NNS 30321 391 8 , , , 30321 391 9 variation variation NN 30321 391 10 in in IN 30321 391 11 the the DT 30321 391 12 thickness thickness NN 30321 391 13 of of IN 30321 391 14 the the DT 30321 391 15 bone bone NN 30321 391 16 of of IN 30321 391 17 the the DT 30321 391 18 cheek cheek NN 30321 391 19 occurred occur VBD 30321 391 20 , , , 30321 391 21 those those DT 30321 391 22 with with IN 30321 391 23 thinner thin JJR 30321 391 24 bone bone NN 30321 391 25 in in IN 30321 391 26 the the DT 30321 391 27 cheek cheek NN 30321 391 28 would would MD 30321 391 29 be be VB 30321 391 30 selected select VBN 30321 391 31 for for IN 30321 391 32 , , , 30321 391 33 because because IN 30321 391 34 less less JJR 30321 391 35 metabolic metabolic JJ 30321 391 36 activity activity NN 30321 391 37 was be VBD 30321 391 38 diverted divert VBN 30321 391 39 to to IN 30321 391 40 building build VBG 30321 391 41 and and CC 30321 391 42 maintaining maintain VBG 30321 391 43 what what WP 30321 391 44 is be VBZ 30321 391 45 now now RB 30321 391 46 a a DT 30321 391 47 character character NN 30321 391 48 of of IN 30321 391 49 reduced reduced JJ 30321 391 50 functional functional JJ 30321 391 51 significance significance NN 30321 391 52 . . . 30321 392 1 A a DT 30321 392 2 continuation continuation NN 30321 392 3 of of IN 30321 392 4 the the DT 30321 392 5 process process NN 30321 392 6 would would MD 30321 392 7 eliminate eliminate VB 30321 392 8 the the DT 30321 392 9 bone bone NN 30321 392 10 or or CC 30321 392 11 part part NN 30321 392 12 of of IN 30321 392 13 the the DT 30321 392 14 bone bone NN 30321 392 15 in in IN 30321 392 16 question question NN 30321 392 17 while while IN 30321 392 18 increasing increase VBG 30321 392 19 the the DT 30321 392 20 metabolic metabolic JJ 30321 392 21 efficiency efficiency NN 30321 392 22 of of IN 30321 392 23 the the DT 30321 392 24 organism organism NN 30321 392 25 . . . 30321 393 1 The the DT 30321 393 2 bone bone NN 30321 393 3 is be VBZ 30321 393 4 no no DT 30321 393 5 longer long RBR 30321 393 6 essential essential JJ 30321 393 7 for for IN 30321 393 8 support support NN 30321 393 9 , , , 30321 393 10 the the DT 30321 393 11 contribution contribution NN 30321 393 12 of of IN 30321 393 13 the the DT 30321 393 14 mass mass NN 30321 393 15 of of IN 30321 393 16 bone bone NN 30321 393 17 to to TO 30321 393 18 calcium calcium VB 30321 393 19 metabolism metabolism NN 30321 393 20 and and CC 30321 393 21 the the DT 30321 393 22 contribution contribution NN 30321 393 23 of of IN 30321 393 24 this this DT 30321 393 25 part part NN 30321 393 26 of of IN 30321 393 27 the the DT 30321 393 28 skeleton skeleton NN 30321 393 29 to to IN 30321 393 30 protection protection NN 30321 393 31 have have VBP 30321 393 32 not not RB 30321 393 33 been be VBN 30321 393 34 compromised compromise VBN 30321 393 35 , , , 30321 393 36 and and CC 30321 393 37 the the DT 30321 393 38 available available JJ 30321 393 39 energy energy NN 30321 393 40 can can MD 30321 393 41 be be VB 30321 393 42 diverted divert VBN 30321 393 43 to to IN 30321 393 44 other other JJ 30321 393 45 needs need NNS 30321 393 46 . . . 30321 394 1 The the DT 30321 394 2 study study NN 30321 394 3 of of IN 30321 394 4 _ _ NNP 30321 394 5 Captorhinus Captorhinus NNP 30321 394 6 _ _ NNP 30321 394 7 has have VBZ 30321 394 8 indicated indicate VBN 30321 394 9 that that IN 30321 394 10 the the DT 30321 394 11 central central JJ 30321 394 12 area area NN 30321 394 13 of of IN 30321 394 14 the the DT 30321 394 15 cheek cheek NN 30321 394 16 was be VBD 30321 394 17 subjected subject VBN 30321 394 18 to to IN 30321 394 19 less less JJR 30321 394 20 stress stress NN 30321 394 21 than than IN 30321 394 22 the the DT 30321 394 23 border border NN 30321 394 24 areas area NNS 30321 394 25 . . . 30321 395 1 A a DT 30321 395 2 similar similar JJ 30321 395 3 condition condition NN 30321 395 4 in in IN 30321 395 5 basal basal NN 30321 395 6 reptiles reptile NNS 30321 395 7 may may MD 30321 395 8 well well RB 30321 395 9 have have VB 30321 395 10 been be VBN 30321 395 11 present present JJ 30321 395 12 . . . 30321 396 1 A a DT 30321 396 2 continued continued JJ 30321 396 3 trend trend NN 30321 396 4 in in IN 30321 396 5 reducing reduce VBG 30321 396 6 the the DT 30321 396 7 thickness thickness NN 30321 396 8 of of IN 30321 396 9 the the DT 30321 396 10 bone bone NN 30321 396 11 of of IN 30321 396 12 the the DT 30321 396 13 cheek cheek NN 30321 396 14 in in IN 30321 396 15 the the DT 30321 396 16 manner manner NN 30321 396 17 described describe VBN 30321 396 18 above above IN 30321 396 19 may may MD 30321 396 20 well well RB 30321 396 21 have have VB 30321 396 22 resulted result VBN 30321 396 23 in in IN 30321 396 24 the the DT 30321 396 25 appearance appearance NN 30321 396 26 of of IN 30321 396 27 the the DT 30321 396 28 first first JJ 30321 396 29 reptiles reptile NNS 30321 396 30 with with IN 30321 396 31 temporal temporal JJ 30321 396 32 fenestrae fenestra NNS 30321 396 33 arising arise VBG 30321 396 34 from from IN 30321 396 35 the the DT 30321 396 36 basal basal NN 30321 396 37 stock stock NN 30321 396 38 . . . 30321 397 1 Such such PDT 30321 397 2 an an DT 30321 397 3 explanation explanation NN 30321 397 4 adequately adequately RB 30321 397 5 accounts account VBZ 30321 397 6 for for IN 30321 397 7 an an DT 30321 397 8 increased increase VBN 30321 397 9 selective selective JJ 30321 397 10 advantage advantage NN 30321 397 11 in in IN 30321 397 12 the the DT 30321 397 13 step step NN 30321 397 14 - - HYPH 30321 397 15 by by IN 30321 397 16 - - HYPH 30321 397 17 step step NN 30321 397 18 thinning thinning NN 30321 397 19 of of IN 30321 397 20 the the DT 30321 397 21 cheek cheek NN 30321 397 22 - - HYPH 30321 397 23 wall wall NN 30321 397 24 prior prior RB 30321 397 25 to to IN 30321 397 26 the the DT 30321 397 27 time time NN 30321 397 28 of of IN 30321 397 29 actual actual JJ 30321 397 30 breakthrough breakthrough NN 30321 397 31 . . . 30321 398 1 It -PRON- PRP 30321 398 2 is be VBZ 30321 398 3 difficult difficult JJ 30321 398 4 to to TO 30321 398 5 see see VB 30321 398 6 the the DT 30321 398 7 advantage advantage NN 30321 398 8 during during IN 30321 398 9 such such JJ 30321 398 10 stages stage NNS 30321 398 11 if if IN 30321 398 12 explanations explanation NNS 30321 398 13 of of IN 30321 398 14 weight weight NN 30321 398 15 reduction reduction NN 30321 398 16 or or CC 30321 398 17 bulging bulging NN 30321 398 18 musculature musculature NN 30321 398 19 are be VBP 30321 398 20 accepted accept VBN 30321 398 21 . . . 30321 399 1 After after IN 30321 399 2 the the DT 30321 399 3 appearance appearance NN 30321 399 4 of of IN 30321 399 5 temporal temporal JJ 30321 399 6 fenestrae fenestra NNS 30321 399 7 , , , 30321 399 8 selection selection NN 30321 399 9 for for IN 30321 399 10 the the DT 30321 399 11 classical classical JJ 30321 399 12 factors factor NNS 30321 399 13 is be VBZ 30321 399 14 quite quite RB 30321 399 15 acceptable acceptable JJ 30321 399 16 to to TO 30321 399 17 explain explain VB 30321 399 18 the the DT 30321 399 19 further further JJ 30321 399 20 development development NN 30321 399 21 of of IN 30321 399 22 fenestration fenestration NN 30321 399 23 . . . 30321 400 1 The the DT 30321 400 2 continued continue VBN 30321 400 3 enlargement enlargement NN 30321 400 4 of of IN 30321 400 5 the the DT 30321 400 6 temporal temporal JJ 30321 400 7 fenestrae fenestra NNS 30321 400 8 in in IN 30321 400 9 the the DT 30321 400 10 pelycosaur pelycosaur NN 30321 400 11 - - HYPH 30321 400 12 therapsid therapsid JJ 30321 400 13 lineage lineage NN 30321 400 14 undoubtedly undoubtedly RB 30321 400 15 was be VBD 30321 400 16 correlated correlate VBN 30321 400 17 with with IN 30321 400 18 the the DT 30321 400 19 advantages advantage NNS 30321 400 20 accrued accrue VBN 30321 400 21 from from IN 30321 400 22 securing secure VBG 30321 400 23 greater great JJR 30321 400 24 space space NN 30321 400 25 to to TO 30321 400 26 allow allow VB 30321 400 27 increased increase VBN 30321 400 28 lateral lateral JJ 30321 400 29 expansion expansion NN 30321 400 30 of of IN 30321 400 31 contracting contract VBG 30321 400 32 mandibular mandibular JJ 30321 400 33 adductors adductor NNS 30321 400 34 . . . 30321 401 1 Similarly similarly RB 30321 401 2 , , , 30321 401 3 weight weight NN 30321 401 4 in in IN 30321 401 5 absolute absolute JJ 30321 401 6 terms term NNS 30321 401 7 can can MD 30321 401 8 reasonably reasonably RB 30321 401 9 be be VB 30321 401 10 suggested suggest VBN 30321 401 11 to to TO 30321 401 12 explain explain VB 30321 401 13 the the DT 30321 401 14 dramatic dramatic JJ 30321 401 15 fenestration fenestration NN 30321 401 16 in in IN 30321 401 17 the the DT 30321 401 18 skeletons skeleton NNS 30321 401 19 of of IN 30321 401 20 many many JJ 30321 401 21 large large JJ 30321 401 22 dinosaurs dinosaur NNS 30321 401 23 . . . 30321 402 1 Literature literature NN 30321 402 2 Cited Cited NNP 30321 402 3 ADAMS ADAMS NNP 30321 402 4 , , , 30321 402 5 L. L. NNP 30321 402 6 A. A. NNP 30321 403 1 1919 1919 CD 30321 403 2 . . . 30321 404 1 Memoir Memoir NNP 30321 404 2 on on IN 30321 404 3 the the DT 30321 404 4 phylogeny phylogeny NN 30321 404 5 of of IN 30321 404 6 the the DT 30321 404 7 jaw jaw NN 30321 404 8 muscles muscle NNS 30321 404 9 in in IN 30321 404 10 recent recent JJ 30321 404 11 and and CC 30321 404 12 fossil fossil JJ 30321 404 13 vertebrates vertebrate NNS 30321 404 14 . . . 30321 405 1 Annals Annals NNP 30321 405 2 N. N. NNP 30321 405 3 Y. Y. NNP 30321 405 4 Acad Acad NNP 30321 405 5 . . . 30321 406 1 Sci Sci NNP 30321 406 2 . . NNP 30321 406 3 , , , 30321 406 4 28:51 28:51 CD 30321 406 5 - - SYM 30321 406 6 166 166 CD 30321 406 7 , , , 30321 406 8 8 8 CD 30321 406 9 pls pls UH 30321 406 10 . . . 30321 407 1 ESTES ESTES NNP 30321 407 2 , , , 30321 407 3 R. R. NNP 30321 407 4 1961 1961 CD 30321 407 5 . . . 30321 408 1 Cranial cranial JJ 30321 408 2 anatomy anatomy NN 30321 408 3 of of IN 30321 408 4 the the DT 30321 408 5 cynodont cynodont NNP 30321 408 6 reptile reptile NN 30321 408 7 _ _ NNP 30321 408 8 Thrinaxodon Thrinaxodon NNP 30321 408 9 liorhinus liorhinus NN 30321 408 10 _ _ NNP 30321 408 11 . . . 30321 409 1 Bull Bull NNP 30321 409 2 . . . 30321 410 1 Mus mus NN 30321 410 2 . . . 30321 411 1 Comp Comp NNP 30321 411 2 . . . 30321 412 1 Zool Zool NNP 30321 412 2 . . NNP 30321 412 3 , , , 30321 412 4 125(6):165 125(6):165 NNP 30321 412 5 - - HYPH 30321 412 6 180 180 CD 30321 412 7 , , , 30321 412 8 4 4 CD 30321 412 9 figs fig NNS 30321 412 10 . . . 30321 412 11 , , , 30321 412 12 2 2 CD 30321 412 13 pls pls UH 30321 412 14 . . . 30321 413 1 HOTTON HOTTON NNP 30321 413 2 , , , 30321 413 3 N. N. NNP 30321 413 4 1960 1960 CD 30321 413 5 . . . 30321 414 1 The the DT 30321 414 2 chorda chorda NN 30321 414 3 tympani tympani NNS 30321 414 4 and and CC 30321 414 5 middle middle JJ 30321 414 6 ear ear NN 30321 414 7 as as IN 30321 414 8 guides guide NNS 30321 414 9 to to IN 30321 414 10 origin origin NN 30321 414 11 and and CC 30321 414 12 development development NN 30321 414 13 of of IN 30321 414 14 reptiles reptile NNS 30321 414 15 . . . 30321 415 1 Evolution evolution NN 30321 415 2 , , , 30321 415 3 14(2):194 14(2):194 CD 30321 415 4 - - SYM 30321 415 5 211 211 CD 30321 415 6 , , , 30321 415 7 4 4 CD 30321 415 8 figs fig NNS 30321 415 9 . . . 30321 416 1 OLSON OLSON NNP 30321 416 2 , , , 30321 416 3 E. E. NNP 30321 416 4 C. C. NNP 30321 416 5 1961 1961 CD 30321 416 6 . . . 30321 417 1 Jaw Jaw NNP 30321 417 2 mechanisms mechanism NNS 30321 417 3 : : : 30321 417 4 rhipidistians rhipidistian NNS 30321 417 5 , , , 30321 417 6 amphibians amphibian NNS 30321 417 7 , , , 30321 417 8 reptiles reptile NNS 30321 417 9 . . . 30321 418 1 Am Am NNP 30321 418 2 . . . 30321 419 1 Zoologist Zoologist NNP 30321 419 2 , , , 30321 419 3 1(2):205 1(2):205 CD 30321 419 4 - - SYM 30321 419 5 215 215 CD 30321 419 6 , , , 30321 419 7 7 7 CD 30321 419 8 figs fig NNS 30321 419 9 . . . 30321 420 1 ROMER ROMER NNP 30321 420 2 , , , 30321 420 3 A. A. NNP 30321 420 4 S. S. NNP 30321 420 5 1928 1928 CD 30321 420 6 . . . 30321 421 1 Vertebrate vertebrate VB 30321 421 2 faunal faunal JJ 30321 421 3 horizons horizon NNS 30321 421 4 in in IN 30321 421 5 the the DT 30321 421 6 Texas Texas NNP 30321 421 7 Permo Permo NNP 30321 421 8 - - HYPH 30321 421 9 Carboniferous Carboniferous NNP 30321 421 10 redbeds redbed NNS 30321 421 11 . . . 30321 422 1 Univ Univ NNP 30321 422 2 . . . 30321 423 1 Texas Texas NNP 30321 423 2 Bull Bull NNP 30321 423 3 . . NNP 30321 423 4 , , , 30321 423 5 2801:67 2801:67 CD 30321 423 6 - - SYM 30321 423 7 108 108 CD 30321 423 8 , , , 30321 423 9 7 7 CD 30321 423 10 figs fig NNS 30321 423 11 . . . 30321 424 1 1956 1956 CD 30321 424 2 . . . 30321 425 1 Osteology osteology NN 30321 425 2 of of IN 30321 425 3 the the DT 30321 425 4 reptiles reptile NNS 30321 425 5 . . . 30321 426 1 Univ Univ NNP 30321 426 2 . . . 30321 427 1 Chicago Chicago NNP 30321 427 2 Press Press NNP 30321 427 3 , , , 30321 427 4 xxii xxii NN 30321 427 5 + + CC 30321 427 6 772 772 CD 30321 427 7 pp pp NNP 30321 427 8 . . NNP 30321 427 9 , , , 30321 427 10 248 248 CD 30321 427 11 figs fig NNS 30321 427 12 . . . 30321 428 1 ROMER ROMER NNP 30321 428 2 , , , 30321 428 3 A. A. NNP 30321 428 4 S. S. NNP 30321 428 5 and and CC 30321 428 6 PRICE PRICE NNP 30321 428 7 , , , 30321 428 8 L. L. NNP 30321 428 9 I. I. NNP 30321 429 1 1940 1940 CD 30321 429 2 . . . 30321 429 3 Review Review NNP 30321 429 4 of of IN 30321 429 5 the the DT 30321 429 6 Pelycosauria Pelycosauria NNP 30321 429 7 . . . 30321 430 1 Geol Geol NNP 30321 430 2 . . . 30321 431 1 Soc Soc NNP 30321 431 2 . . . 30321 432 1 Amer amer NN 30321 432 2 . . . 30321 433 1 Special Special NNP 30321 433 2 Papers Papers NNPS 30321 433 3 , , , 30321 433 4 No no UH 30321 433 5 . . . 30321 434 1 28 28 CD 30321 434 2 , , , 30321 434 3 x x NNS 30321 434 4 + + SYM 30321 434 5 538 538 CD 30321 434 6 pp pp NN 30321 434 7 . . . 30321 434 8 , , , 30321 434 9 71 71 CD 30321 434 10 figs fig NNS 30321 434 11 . . . 30321 434 12 , , , 30321 434 13 46 46 CD 30321 434 14 pls pls UH 30321 434 15 . . . 30321 435 1 WATSON WATSON NNP 30321 435 2 , , , 30321 435 3 D. D. NNP 30321 435 4 M. M. NNP 30321 435 5 S. S. NNP 30321 435 6 1948 1948 CD 30321 435 7 . . . 30321 436 1 _ _ NNP 30321 436 2 Dicynodon Dicynodon NNP 30321 436 3 _ _ NNP 30321 436 4 and and CC 30321 436 5 its -PRON- PRP$ 30321 436 6 allies ally NNS 30321 436 7 . . . 30321 437 1 Proc Proc NNP 30321 437 2 . . . 30321 438 1 Zool Zool NNP 30321 438 2 . . . 30321 439 1 Soc Soc NNP 30321 439 2 . . . 30321 440 1 London London NNP 30321 440 2 , , , 30321 440 3 118:823 118:823 CD 30321 440 4 - - SYM 30321 440 5 877 877 CD 30321 440 6 , , , 30321 440 7 20 20 CD 30321 440 8 figs fig NNS 30321 440 9 . . . 30321 440 10 , , , 30321 440 11 1 1 CD 30321 440 12 pl pl NN 30321 440 13 . . . 30321 441 1 1954 1954 CD 30321 441 2 . . . 30321 442 1 On on IN 30321 442 2 _ _ NNP 30321 442 3 Bolosaurus Bolosaurus NNP 30321 442 4 _ _ NNP 30321 442 5 and and CC 30321 442 6 the the DT 30321 442 7 origin origin NN 30321 442 8 and and CC 30321 442 9 classification classification NN 30321 442 10 of of IN 30321 442 11 reptiles reptile NNS 30321 442 12 . . . 30321 443 1 Bull Bull NNP 30321 443 2 . . . 30321 444 1 Mus mus NN 30321 444 2 . . . 30321 445 1 Comp Comp NNP 30321 445 2 . . . 30321 446 1 Zool Zool NNP 30321 446 2 . . NNP 30321 446 3 , , , 30321 446 4 111(9):200 111(9):200 CD 30321 446 5 - - HYPH 30321 446 6 449 449 CD 30321 446 7 , , , 30321 446 8 37 37 CD 30321 446 9 figs fig NNS 30321 446 10 . . . 30321 447 1 _ _ NNP 30321 447 2 Transmitted transmit VBN 30321 447 3 December December NNP 30321 447 4 5 5 CD 30321 447 5 , , , 30321 447 6 1963 1963 CD 30321 447 7 . . . 30321 447 8 _ _ NNP 30321 447 9 30 30 CD 30321 447 10 - - SYM 30321 447 11 1522 1522 CD