id sid tid token lemma pos 33912 1 1 Transcriber Transcriber NNP 33912 1 2 's 's POS 33912 1 3 Notes note NNS 33912 1 4 : : : 33912 1 5 This this DT 33912 1 6 is be VBZ 33912 1 7 Paper Paper NNP 33912 1 8 36 36 CD 33912 1 9 from from IN 33912 1 10 the the DT 33912 1 11 Smithsonian Smithsonian NNP 33912 1 12 Institution Institution NNP 33912 1 13 United United NNP 33912 1 14 States States NNP 33912 1 15 National National NNP 33912 1 16 Museum Museum NNP 33912 1 17 Bulletin Bulletin NNP 33912 1 18 240 240 CD 33912 1 19 , , , 33912 1 20 comprising comprise VBG 33912 1 21 Papers Papers NNP 33912 1 22 34 34 CD 33912 1 23 - - SYM 33912 1 24 44 44 CD 33912 1 25 , , , 33912 1 26 which which WDT 33912 1 27 will will MD 33912 1 28 also also RB 33912 1 29 be be VB 33912 1 30 available available JJ 33912 1 31 as as IN 33912 1 32 a a DT 33912 1 33 complete complete JJ 33912 1 34 e e NN 33912 1 35 - - NN 33912 1 36 book book NN 33912 1 37 . . . 33912 2 1 The the DT 33912 2 2 front front JJ 33912 2 3 material material NN 33912 2 4 , , , 33912 2 5 introduction introduction NN 33912 2 6 and and CC 33912 2 7 relevant relevant JJ 33912 2 8 index index NN 33912 2 9 entries entry NNS 33912 2 10 from from IN 33912 2 11 the the DT 33912 2 12 Bulletin Bulletin NNP 33912 2 13 are be VBP 33912 2 14 included include VBN 33912 2 15 in in IN 33912 2 16 each each DT 33912 2 17 single single JJ 33912 2 18 - - HYPH 33912 2 19 paper paper NN 33912 2 20 e e NN 33912 2 21 - - NN 33912 2 22 book book NN 33912 2 23 . . . 33912 3 1 Inconsistencies inconsistency NNS 33912 3 2 in in IN 33912 3 3 punctuation punctuation NN 33912 3 4 have have VBP 33912 3 5 been be VBN 33912 3 6 corrected correct VBN 33912 3 7 without without IN 33912 3 8 note note NN 33912 3 9 . . . 33912 4 1 Inconsistent inconsistent JJ 33912 4 2 hyphenation hyphenation NN 33912 4 3 is be VBZ 33912 4 4 as as IN 33912 4 5 per per IN 33912 4 6 the the DT 33912 4 7 original original NN 33912 4 8 . . . 33912 5 1 SMITHSONIAN SMITHSONIAN NNP 33912 5 2 INSTITUTION institution NN 33912 5 3 UNITED UNITED NNP 33912 5 4 STATES STATES NNP 33912 5 5 NATIONAL NATIONAL NNP 33912 5 6 MUSEUM MUSEUM NNP 33912 5 7 BULLETIN BULLETIN NNP 33912 5 8 240 240 CD 33912 5 9 [ [ -LRB- 33912 5 10 Illustration illustration NN 33912 5 11 ] ] -RRB- 33912 5 12 SMITHSONIAN SMITHSONIAN NNP 33912 5 13 PRESS PRESS NNP 33912 5 14 MUSEUM MUSEUM NNP 33912 5 15 OF of IN 33912 5 16 HISTORY HISTORY NNP 33912 5 17 AND and CC 33912 5 18 TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY NNP 33912 5 19 CONTRIBUTIONS CONTRIBUTIONS NNP 33912 5 20 FROM from IN 33912 5 21 THE the DT 33912 5 22 MUSEUM MUSEUM NNP 33912 5 23 OF of IN 33912 5 24 HISTORY HISTORY NNP 33912 5 25 AND and CC 33912 5 26 TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY NNP 33912 5 27 _ _ NNP 33912 5 28 Papers Papers NNP 33912 5 29 34 34 CD 33912 5 30 - - SYM 33912 5 31 44 44 CD 33912 5 32 _ _ NNP 33912 5 33 _ _ NNP 33912 5 34 On on IN 33912 5 35 Science Science NNP 33912 5 36 and and CC 33912 5 37 Technology Technology NNP 33912 5 38 _ _ NNP 33912 5 39 SMITHSONIAN SMITHSONIAN NNP 33912 5 40 INSTITUTION INSTITUTION NNP 33912 5 41 . . . 33912 6 1 WASHINGTON WASHINGTON NNP 33912 6 2 , , , 33912 6 3 D.C. D.C. NNP 33912 6 4 1966 1966 CD 33912 6 5 _ _ NNP 33912 6 6 Publications Publications NNPS 33912 6 7 of of IN 33912 6 8 the the DT 33912 6 9 United United NNP 33912 6 10 States States NNP 33912 6 11 National National NNP 33912 6 12 Museum Museum NNP 33912 6 13 _ _ NNP 33912 6 14 The the DT 33912 6 15 scholarly scholarly JJ 33912 6 16 and and CC 33912 6 17 scientific scientific JJ 33912 6 18 publications publication NNS 33912 6 19 of of IN 33912 6 20 the the DT 33912 6 21 United United NNP 33912 6 22 States States NNP 33912 6 23 National National NNP 33912 6 24 Museum Museum NNP 33912 6 25 include include VBP 33912 6 26 two two CD 33912 6 27 series serie NNS 33912 6 28 , , , 33912 6 29 _ _ NNP 33912 6 30 Proceedings Proceedings NNP 33912 6 31 of of IN 33912 6 32 the the DT 33912 6 33 United United NNP 33912 6 34 States States NNP 33912 6 35 National National NNP 33912 6 36 Museum Museum NNP 33912 6 37 _ _ NNP 33912 6 38 and and CC 33912 6 39 _ _ NNP 33912 6 40 United United NNP 33912 6 41 States States NNP 33912 6 42 National National NNP 33912 6 43 Museum Museum NNP 33912 6 44 Bulletin Bulletin NNP 33912 6 45 _ _ NNP 33912 6 46 . . . 33912 7 1 In in IN 33912 7 2 these these DT 33912 7 3 series series NN 33912 7 4 , , , 33912 7 5 the the DT 33912 7 6 Museum Museum NNP 33912 7 7 publishes publish VBZ 33912 7 8 original original JJ 33912 7 9 articles article NNS 33912 7 10 and and CC 33912 7 11 monographs monographs NNPS 33912 7 12 dealing deal VBG 33912 7 13 with with IN 33912 7 14 the the DT 33912 7 15 collections collection NNS 33912 7 16 and and CC 33912 7 17 work work NN 33912 7 18 of of IN 33912 7 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 33912 7 20 constituent constituent NN 33912 7 21 museums museum NNS 33912 7 22 -- -- : 33912 7 23 The the DT 33912 7 24 Museum Museum NNP 33912 7 25 of of IN 33912 7 26 Natural Natural NNP 33912 7 27 History History NNP 33912 7 28 and and CC 33912 7 29 the the DT 33912 7 30 Museum Museum NNP 33912 7 31 of of IN 33912 7 32 History History NNP 33912 7 33 and and CC 33912 7 34 Technology Technology NNP 33912 7 35 -- -- : 33912 7 36 setting set VBG 33912 7 37 forth forth RP 33912 7 38 newly newly RB 33912 7 39 acquired acquire VBN 33912 7 40 facts fact NNS 33912 7 41 in in IN 33912 7 42 the the DT 33912 7 43 fields field NNS 33912 7 44 of of IN 33912 7 45 anthropology anthropology NN 33912 7 46 , , , 33912 7 47 biology biology NN 33912 7 48 , , , 33912 7 49 history history NN 33912 7 50 , , , 33912 7 51 geology geology NN 33912 7 52 , , , 33912 7 53 and and CC 33912 7 54 technology technology NN 33912 7 55 . . . 33912 8 1 Copies copy NNS 33912 8 2 of of IN 33912 8 3 each each DT 33912 8 4 publication publication NN 33912 8 5 are be VBP 33912 8 6 distributed distribute VBN 33912 8 7 to to IN 33912 8 8 libraries library NNS 33912 8 9 , , , 33912 8 10 to to IN 33912 8 11 cultural cultural JJ 33912 8 12 and and CC 33912 8 13 scientific scientific JJ 33912 8 14 organizations organization NNS 33912 8 15 , , , 33912 8 16 and and CC 33912 8 17 to to IN 33912 8 18 specialists specialist NNS 33912 8 19 and and CC 33912 8 20 others other NNS 33912 8 21 interested interested JJ 33912 8 22 in in IN 33912 8 23 the the DT 33912 8 24 different different JJ 33912 8 25 subjects subject NNS 33912 8 26 . . . 33912 9 1 The the DT 33912 9 2 _ _ NNP 33912 9 3 Proceedings Proceedings NNP 33912 9 4 _ _ NNP 33912 9 5 , , , 33912 9 6 begun begin VBN 33912 9 7 in in IN 33912 9 8 1878 1878 CD 33912 9 9 , , , 33912 9 10 are be VBP 33912 9 11 intended intend VBN 33912 9 12 for for IN 33912 9 13 the the DT 33912 9 14 publication publication NN 33912 9 15 , , , 33912 9 16 in in IN 33912 9 17 separate separate JJ 33912 9 18 form form NN 33912 9 19 , , , 33912 9 20 of of IN 33912 9 21 shorter short JJR 33912 9 22 papers paper NNS 33912 9 23 from from IN 33912 9 24 the the DT 33912 9 25 Museum Museum NNP 33912 9 26 of of IN 33912 9 27 Natural Natural NNP 33912 9 28 History History NNP 33912 9 29 . . . 33912 10 1 These these DT 33912 10 2 are be VBP 33912 10 3 gathered gather VBN 33912 10 4 in in IN 33912 10 5 volumes volume NNS 33912 10 6 , , , 33912 10 7 octavo octavo JJ 33912 10 8 in in IN 33912 10 9 size size NN 33912 10 10 , , , 33912 10 11 with with IN 33912 10 12 the the DT 33912 10 13 publication publication NN 33912 10 14 date date NN 33912 10 15 of of IN 33912 10 16 each each DT 33912 10 17 paper paper NN 33912 10 18 recorded record VBN 33912 10 19 in in IN 33912 10 20 the the DT 33912 10 21 table table NN 33912 10 22 of of IN 33912 10 23 contents content NNS 33912 10 24 of of IN 33912 10 25 the the DT 33912 10 26 volume volume NN 33912 10 27 . . . 33912 11 1 In in IN 33912 11 2 the the DT 33912 11 3 _ _ NNP 33912 11 4 Bulletin Bulletin NNP 33912 11 5 _ _ NNP 33912 11 6 series series NN 33912 11 7 , , , 33912 11 8 the the DT 33912 11 9 first first JJ 33912 11 10 of of IN 33912 11 11 which which WDT 33912 11 12 was be VBD 33912 11 13 issued issue VBN 33912 11 14 in in IN 33912 11 15 1875 1875 CD 33912 11 16 , , , 33912 11 17 appear appear VB 33912 11 18 longer long RBR 33912 11 19 , , , 33912 11 20 separate separate JJ 33912 11 21 publications publication NNS 33912 11 22 consisting consist VBG 33912 11 23 of of IN 33912 11 24 monographs monographs NNP 33912 11 25 ( ( -LRB- 33912 11 26 occasionally occasionally RB 33912 11 27 in in IN 33912 11 28 several several JJ 33912 11 29 parts part NNS 33912 11 30 ) ) -RRB- 33912 11 31 and and CC 33912 11 32 volumes volume NNS 33912 11 33 in in IN 33912 11 34 which which WDT 33912 11 35 are be VBP 33912 11 36 collected collect VBN 33912 11 37 works work NNS 33912 11 38 on on IN 33912 11 39 related related JJ 33912 11 40 subjects subject NNS 33912 11 41 . . . 33912 12 1 _ _ NNP 33912 12 2 Bulletins Bulletins NNP 33912 12 3 _ _ NNP 33912 12 4 are be VBP 33912 12 5 either either DT 33912 12 6 octavo octavo NNP 33912 12 7 or or CC 33912 12 8 quarto quarto NNP 33912 12 9 in in IN 33912 12 10 size size NN 33912 12 11 , , , 33912 12 12 depending depend VBG 33912 12 13 on on IN 33912 12 14 the the DT 33912 12 15 needs need NNS 33912 12 16 of of IN 33912 12 17 the the DT 33912 12 18 presentation presentation NN 33912 12 19 . . . 33912 13 1 Since since IN 33912 13 2 1902 1902 CD 33912 13 3 papers paper NNS 33912 13 4 relating relate VBG 33912 13 5 to to IN 33912 13 6 the the DT 33912 13 7 botanical botanical JJ 33912 13 8 collections collection NNS 33912 13 9 of of IN 33912 13 10 the the DT 33912 13 11 Museum Museum NNP 33912 13 12 of of IN 33912 13 13 Natural Natural NNP 33912 13 14 History History NNP 33912 13 15 have have VBP 33912 13 16 been be VBN 33912 13 17 published publish VBN 33912 13 18 in in IN 33912 13 19 the the DT 33912 13 20 _ _ NNP 33912 13 21 Bulletin Bulletin NNP 33912 13 22 _ _ NNP 33912 13 23 series series NN 33912 13 24 under under IN 33912 13 25 the the DT 33912 13 26 heading heading NN 33912 13 27 _ _ NNP 33912 13 28 Contributions Contributions NNP 33912 13 29 from from IN 33912 13 30 the the DT 33912 13 31 United United NNP 33912 13 32 States States NNP 33912 13 33 National National NNP 33912 13 34 Herbarium Herbarium NNP 33912 13 35 _ _ NNP 33912 13 36 , , , 33912 13 37 and and CC 33912 13 38 since since IN 33912 13 39 1959 1959 CD 33912 13 40 , , , 33912 13 41 in in IN 33912 13 42 _ _ NNP 33912 13 43 Bulletins Bulletins NNP 33912 13 44 _ _ NNP 33912 13 45 titled title VBD 33912 13 46 " " `` 33912 13 47 Contributions contribution NNS 33912 13 48 from from IN 33912 13 49 the the DT 33912 13 50 Museum Museum NNP 33912 13 51 of of IN 33912 13 52 History History NNP 33912 13 53 and and CC 33912 13 54 Technology Technology NNP 33912 13 55 , , , 33912 13 56 " " '' 33912 13 57 have have VBP 33912 13 58 been be VBN 33912 13 59 gathered gather VBN 33912 13 60 shorter short JJR 33912 13 61 papers paper NNS 33912 13 62 relating relate VBG 33912 13 63 to to IN 33912 13 64 the the DT 33912 13 65 collections collection NNS 33912 13 66 and and CC 33912 13 67 research research NN 33912 13 68 of of IN 33912 13 69 that that DT 33912 13 70 Museum Museum NNP 33912 13 71 . . . 33912 14 1 The the DT 33912 14 2 present present JJ 33912 14 3 collection collection NN 33912 14 4 of of IN 33912 14 5 Contributions Contributions NNPS 33912 14 6 , , , 33912 14 7 Papers Papers NNP 33912 14 8 34 34 CD 33912 14 9 - - SYM 33912 14 10 44 44 CD 33912 14 11 , , , 33912 14 12 comprises comprise VBZ 33912 14 13 Bulletin Bulletin NNP 33912 14 14 240 240 CD 33912 14 15 . . . 33912 15 1 Each each DT 33912 15 2 of of IN 33912 15 3 these these DT 33912 15 4 papers paper NNS 33912 15 5 has have VBZ 33912 15 6 been be VBN 33912 15 7 previously previously RB 33912 15 8 published publish VBN 33912 15 9 in in IN 33912 15 10 separate separate JJ 33912 15 11 form form NN 33912 15 12 . . . 33912 16 1 The the DT 33912 16 2 year year NN 33912 16 3 of of IN 33912 16 4 publication publication NN 33912 16 5 is be VBZ 33912 16 6 shown show VBN 33912 16 7 on on IN 33912 16 8 the the DT 33912 16 9 last last JJ 33912 16 10 page page NN 33912 16 11 of of IN 33912 16 12 each each DT 33912 16 13 paper paper NN 33912 16 14 . . . 33912 17 1 FRANK FRANK NNP 33912 17 2 A. a. NN 33912 17 3 TAYLOR TAYLOR NNP 33912 17 4 _ _ NNP 33912 17 5 Director Director NNP 33912 17 6 , , , 33912 17 7 United United NNP 33912 17 8 States States NNP 33912 17 9 National National NNP 33912 17 10 Museum Museum NNP 33912 17 11 _ _ NNP 33912 17 12 CONTRIBUTIONS CONTRIBUTIONS NNP 33912 17 13 FROM from IN 33912 17 14 THE the DT 33912 17 15 MUSEUM MUSEUM NNP 33912 17 16 OF of IN 33912 17 17 HISTORY HISTORY NNP 33912 17 18 AND and CC 33912 17 19 TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY NNP 33912 17 20 : : : 33912 17 21 PAPER paper NN 33912 17 22 36 36 CD 33912 17 23 THE the DT 33912 17 24 ENGINEERING engineering NN 33912 17 25 CONTRIBUTIONS contributions NN 33912 17 26 OF of IN 33912 17 27 WENDEL WENDEL NNP 33912 17 28 BOLLMAN BOLLMAN NNP 33912 17 29 _ _ NNP 33912 17 30 Robert Robert NNP 33912 17 31 M. M. NNP 33912 17 32 Vogel Vogel NNP 33912 17 33 _ _ NNP 33912 17 34 EARLY EARLY NNP 33912 17 35 CAREER CAREER NNP 33912 17 36 80 80 CD 33912 17 37 THE the DT 33912 17 38 BOLLMAN BOLLMAN NNP 33912 17 39 TRUSS TRUSS NNP 33912 17 40 85 85 CD 33912 17 41 W. W. NNP 33912 17 42 BOLLMAN BOLLMAN NNP 33912 17 43 AND and CC 33912 17 44 COMPANY COMPANY NNP 33912 17 45 91 91 CD 33912 17 46 FINAL final NN 33912 17 47 USE use NN 33912 17 48 OF of IN 33912 17 49 THE the DT 33912 17 50 BOLLMAN BOLLMAN NNP 33912 17 51 TRUSS TRUSS NNP 33912 17 52 95 95 CD 33912 17 53 KNOWN KNOWN NNP 33912 17 54 BOLLMAN BOLLMAN NNP 33912 17 55 WORKS WORKS NNP 33912 17 56 99 99 CD 33912 17 57 BIBLIOGRAPHY BIBLIOGRAPHY NNP 33912 17 58 104 104 CD 33912 17 59 [ [ -LRB- 33912 17 60 Illustration illustration NN 33912 17 61 : : : 33912 17 62 Figure figure NN 33912 17 63 1.--WENDEL 1.--wendel CD 33912 17 64 BOLLMAN BOLLMAN NNP 33912 17 65 , , , 33912 17 66 C.E. C.E. NNP 33912 18 1 ( ( -LRB- 33912 18 2 1814 1814 CD 33912 18 3 - - SYM 33912 18 4 1884 1884 CD 33912 18 5 ) ) -RRB- 33912 18 6 . . . 33912 19 1 ( ( -LRB- 33912 19 2 _ _ NNP 33912 19 3 Photo Photo NNP 33912 19 4 courtesy courtesy NN 33912 19 5 of of IN 33912 19 6 Dr. Dr. NNP 33912 19 7 Stuart Stuart NNP 33912 19 8 Christhilf Christhilf NNP 33912 19 9 . . . 33912 19 10 _ _ NNP 33912 19 11 ) ) -RRB- 33912 19 12 ] ] -RRB- 33912 19 13 _ _ NNP 33912 19 14 Robert Robert NNP 33912 19 15 M. M. NNP 33912 19 16 Vogel Vogel NNP 33912 19 17 _ _ NNP 33912 19 18 THE the DT 33912 19 19 ENGINEERING ENGINEERING NNP 33912 19 20 CONTRIBUTIONS contributions NN 33912 19 21 OF of IN 33912 19 22 WENDEL WENDEL NNP 33912 19 23 BOLLMAN BOLLMAN NNP 33912 19 24 _ _ NNP 33912 19 25 The the DT 33912 19 26 development development NN 33912 19 27 of of IN 33912 19 28 structural structural JJ 33912 19 29 engineering engineering NN 33912 19 30 has have VBZ 33912 19 31 always always RB 33912 19 32 been be VBN 33912 19 33 as as RB 33912 19 34 dependent dependent JJ 33912 19 35 upon upon IN 33912 19 36 the the DT 33912 19 37 availability availability NN 33912 19 38 of of IN 33912 19 39 materials material NNS 33912 19 40 as as IN 33912 19 41 upon upon IN 33912 19 42 the the DT 33912 19 43 expansion expansion NN 33912 19 44 of of IN 33912 19 45 theoretical theoretical JJ 33912 19 46 concepts concept NNS 33912 19 47 . . . 33912 20 1 Perhaps perhaps RB 33912 20 2 the the DT 33912 20 3 greatest great JJS 33912 20 4 single single JJ 33912 20 5 step step NN 33912 20 6 in in IN 33912 20 7 the the DT 33912 20 8 history history NN 33912 20 9 of of IN 33912 20 10 civil civil JJ 33912 20 11 engineering engineering NN 33912 20 12 was be VBD 33912 20 13 the the DT 33912 20 14 introduction introduction NN 33912 20 15 of of IN 33912 20 16 iron iron NN 33912 20 17 as as IN 33912 20 18 a a DT 33912 20 19 primary primary JJ 33912 20 20 structural structural JJ 33912 20 21 material material NN 33912 20 22 in in IN 33912 20 23 the the DT 33912 20 24 19th 19th JJ 33912 20 25 century century NN 33912 20 26 ; ; : 33912 20 27 it -PRON- PRP 33912 20 28 quickly quickly RB 33912 20 29 released release VBD 33912 20 30 the the DT 33912 20 31 bridge bridge NN 33912 20 32 and and CC 33912 20 33 the the DT 33912 20 34 building building NN 33912 20 35 from from IN 33912 20 36 the the DT 33912 20 37 confines confine NNS 33912 20 38 of of IN 33912 20 39 a a DT 33912 20 40 technology technology NN 33912 20 41 based base VBN 33912 20 42 upon upon IN 33912 20 43 the the DT 33912 20 44 limited limited JJ 33912 20 45 strength strength NN 33912 20 46 of of IN 33912 20 47 masonry masonry NN 33912 20 48 and and CC 33912 20 49 wood wood NN 33912 20 50 . . . 33912 20 51 _ _ NNP 33912 20 52 _ _ NNP 33912 20 53 Wendel Wendel NNP 33912 20 54 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 20 55 , , , 33912 20 56 self self NN 33912 20 57 - - HYPH 33912 20 58 taught teach VBN 33912 20 59 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 20 60 civil civil JJ 33912 20 61 engineer engineer NN 33912 20 62 , , , 33912 20 63 was be VBD 33912 20 64 the the DT 33912 20 65 first first JJ 33912 20 66 to to TO 33912 20 67 evolve evolve VB 33912 20 68 a a DT 33912 20 69 system system NN 33912 20 70 of of IN 33912 20 71 bridging bridge VBG 33912 20 72 in in IN 33912 20 73 iron iron NN 33912 20 74 to to TO 33912 20 75 be be VB 33912 20 76 consistently consistently RB 33912 20 77 used use VBN 33912 20 78 on on IN 33912 20 79 an an DT 33912 20 80 American american JJ 33912 20 81 railroad railroad NN 33912 20 82 , , , 33912 20 83 becoming become VBG 33912 20 84 one one CD 33912 20 85 of of IN 33912 20 86 the the DT 33912 20 87 pioneers pioneer NNS 33912 20 88 who who WP 33912 20 89 ushered usher VBD 33912 20 90 in in RP 33912 20 91 the the DT 33912 20 92 modern modern JJ 33912 20 93 period period NN 33912 20 94 of of IN 33912 20 95 structural structural JJ 33912 20 96 engineering engineering NN 33912 20 97 . . . 33912 20 98 _ _ NNP 33912 20 99 THE the DT 33912 20 100 AUTHOR AUTHOR NNP 33912 20 101 : : : 33912 20 102 _ _ NNP 33912 20 103 Robert Robert NNP 33912 20 104 M. M. NNP 33912 20 105 Vogel Vogel NNP 33912 20 106 is be VBZ 33912 20 107 curator curator NN 33912 20 108 of of IN 33912 20 109 civil civil JJ 33912 20 110 engineering engineering NN 33912 20 111 in in IN 33912 20 112 the the DT 33912 20 113 Smithsonian Smithsonian NNP 33912 20 114 Institution Institution NNP 33912 20 115 's 's POS 33912 20 116 Museum Museum NNP 33912 20 117 of of IN 33912 20 118 History History NNP 33912 20 119 and and CC 33912 20 120 Technology Technology NNP 33912 20 121 . . . 33912 20 122 _ _ NNP 33912 20 123 Wendel Wendel NNP 33912 20 124 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 20 125 's 's POS 33912 20 126 name name NN 33912 20 127 survives survive VBZ 33912 20 128 today today NN 33912 20 129 solely solely RB 33912 20 130 in in IN 33912 20 131 association association NN 33912 20 132 with with IN 33912 20 133 the the DT 33912 20 134 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 20 135 truss truss NN 33912 20 136 , , , 33912 20 137 and and CC 33912 20 138 even even RB 33912 20 139 in in IN 33912 20 140 this this DT 33912 20 141 respect respect NN 33912 20 142 is be VBZ 33912 20 143 known know VBN 33912 20 144 only only RB 33912 20 145 to to IN 33912 20 146 a a DT 33912 20 147 few few JJ 33912 20 148 older old JJR 33912 20 149 civil civil JJ 33912 20 150 and and CC 33912 20 151 railroad railroad NN 33912 20 152 engineers engineer NNS 33912 20 153 . . . 33912 21 1 The the DT 33912 21 2 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 21 3 system system NN 33912 21 4 of of IN 33912 21 5 trussing trussing NN 33912 21 6 , , , 33912 21 7 along along IN 33912 21 8 with with IN 33912 21 9 those those DT 33912 21 10 of of IN 33912 21 11 Whipple Whipple NNP 33912 21 12 and and CC 33912 21 13 Fink Fink NNP 33912 21 14 , , , 33912 21 15 may may MD 33912 21 16 be be VB 33912 21 17 said say VBN 33912 21 18 to to TO 33912 21 19 have have VB 33912 21 20 introduced introduce VBN 33912 21 21 the the DT 33912 21 22 great great JJ 33912 21 23 age age NN 33912 21 24 of of IN 33912 21 25 the the DT 33912 21 26 metal metal NN 33912 21 27 bridge bridge NN 33912 21 28 , , , 33912 21 29 and and CC 33912 21 30 thus thus RB 33912 21 31 , , , 33912 21 32 directly directly RB 33912 21 33 , , , 33912 21 34 the the DT 33912 21 35 modern modern JJ 33912 21 36 period period NN 33912 21 37 of of IN 33912 21 38 civil civil JJ 33912 21 39 engineering engineering NN 33912 21 40 . . . 33912 22 1 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 22 2 's 's POS 33912 22 3 bridge bridge NN 33912 22 4 truss truss NN 33912 22 5 , , , 33912 22 6 of of IN 33912 22 7 which which WDT 33912 22 8 the the DT 33912 22 9 first first JJ 33912 22 10 example example NN 33912 22 11 was be VBD 33912 22 12 built build VBN 33912 22 13 in in IN 33912 22 14 1850 1850 CD 33912 22 15 , , , 33912 22 16 has have VBZ 33912 22 17 the the DT 33912 22 18 very very RB 33912 22 19 significant significant JJ 33912 22 20 distinction distinction NN 33912 22 21 of of IN 33912 22 22 being be VBG 33912 22 23 the the DT 33912 22 24 first first JJ 33912 22 25 bridging bridge VBG 33912 22 26 system system NN 33912 22 27 in in IN 33912 22 28 the the DT 33912 22 29 world world NN 33912 22 30 employing employ VBG 33912 22 31 iron iron NN 33912 22 32 in in IN 33912 22 33 all all DT 33912 22 34 of of IN 33912 22 35 its -PRON- PRP$ 33912 22 36 principal principal JJ 33912 22 37 structural structural JJ 33912 22 38 members member NNS 33912 22 39 that that WDT 33912 22 40 was be VBD 33912 22 41 used use VBN 33912 22 42 consistently consistently RB 33912 22 43 on on IN 33912 22 44 a a DT 33912 22 45 railroad railroad NN 33912 22 46 . . . 33912 23 1 The the DT 33912 23 2 importance importance NN 33912 23 3 of of IN 33912 23 4 the the DT 33912 23 5 transition transition NN 33912 23 6 from from IN 33912 23 7 wood wood NN 33912 23 8 to to IN 33912 23 9 iron iron NN 33912 23 10 as as IN 33912 23 11 a a DT 33912 23 12 structural structural JJ 33912 23 13 and and CC 33912 23 14 bridge bridge NN 33912 23 15 building building NN 33912 23 16 material material NN 33912 23 17 is be VBZ 33912 23 18 generally generally RB 33912 23 19 recognized recognize VBN 33912 23 20 , , , 33912 23 21 but but CC 33912 23 22 it -PRON- PRP 33912 23 23 may may MD 33912 23 24 be be VB 33912 23 25 well well JJ 33912 23 26 to to TO 33912 23 27 mention mention VB 33912 23 28 certain certain JJ 33912 23 29 aspects aspect NNS 33912 23 30 of of IN 33912 23 31 this this DT 33912 23 32 change change NN 33912 23 33 . . . 33912 24 1 The the DT 33912 24 2 tradition tradition NN 33912 24 3 of of IN 33912 24 4 masonry masonry NNP 33912 24 5 bridge bridge NNP 33912 24 6 construction construction NN 33912 24 7 never never RB 33912 24 8 attained attain VBD 33912 24 9 the the DT 33912 24 10 great great JJ 33912 24 11 strength strength NN 33912 24 12 in in IN 33912 24 13 this this DT 33912 24 14 country country NN 33912 24 15 which which WDT 33912 24 16 it -PRON- PRP 33912 24 17 held hold VBD 33912 24 18 in in IN 33912 24 19 Europe Europe NNP 33912 24 20 , , , 33912 24 21 despite despite IN 33912 24 22 a a DT 33912 24 23 number number NN 33912 24 24 of of IN 33912 24 25 notable notable JJ 33912 24 26 exceptions exception NNS 33912 24 27 . . . 33912 25 1 There there EX 33912 25 2 were be VBD 33912 25 3 several several JJ 33912 25 4 reasons reason NNS 33912 25 5 for for IN 33912 25 6 this this DT 33912 25 7 . . . 33912 26 1 From from IN 33912 26 2 the the DT 33912 26 3 very very JJ 33912 26 4 beginning beginning NN 33912 26 5 of of IN 33912 26 6 colonization colonization NN 33912 26 7 , , , 33912 26 8 capital capital NN 33912 26 9 was be VBD 33912 26 10 scarce scarce JJ 33912 26 11 , , , 33912 26 12 a a DT 33912 26 13 condition condition NN 33912 26 14 that that WDT 33912 26 15 prevailed prevail VBD 33912 26 16 until until IN 33912 26 17 well well RB 33912 26 18 into into IN 33912 26 19 the the DT 33912 26 20 19th 19th JJ 33912 26 21 century century NN 33912 26 22 and and CC 33912 26 23 which which WDT 33912 26 24 prohibited prohibit VBD 33912 26 25 the the DT 33912 26 26 use use NN 33912 26 27 of of IN 33912 26 28 masonry masonry NN 33912 26 29 because because IN 33912 26 30 of of IN 33912 26 31 the the DT 33912 26 32 extremely extremely RB 33912 26 33 high high JJ 33912 26 34 costs cost NNS 33912 26 35 of of IN 33912 26 36 labor labor NN 33912 26 37 and and CC 33912 26 38 transport transport NN 33912 26 39 . . . 33912 27 1 An an DT 33912 27 2 even even RB 33912 27 3 more more RBR 33912 27 4 important important JJ 33912 27 5 economic economic JJ 33912 27 6 consideration consideration NN 33912 27 7 was be VBD 33912 27 8 the the DT 33912 27 9 rapidity rapidity NN 33912 27 10 with with IN 33912 27 11 which which WDT 33912 27 12 it -PRON- PRP 33912 27 13 was be VBD 33912 27 14 necessary necessary JJ 33912 27 15 to to TO 33912 27 16 extend extend VB 33912 27 17 the the DT 33912 27 18 construction construction NN 33912 27 19 of of IN 33912 27 20 railways railway NNS 33912 27 21 during during IN 33912 27 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 33912 27 23 pioneer pioneer NN 33912 27 24 years year NNS 33912 27 25 . . . 33912 28 1 Unlike unlike IN 33912 28 2 the the DT 33912 28 3 early early JJ 33912 28 4 English english JJ 33912 28 5 and and CC 33912 28 6 European european JJ 33912 28 7 railways railway NNS 33912 28 8 , , , 33912 28 9 which which WDT 33912 28 10 invariably invariably RB 33912 28 11 traversed traverse VBD 33912 28 12 areas area NNS 33912 28 13 of of IN 33912 28 14 dense dense JJ 33912 28 15 population population NN 33912 28 16 and and CC 33912 28 17 industrial industrial JJ 33912 28 18 activity activity NN 33912 28 19 , , , 33912 28 20 and and CC 33912 28 21 were be VBD 33912 28 22 thus thus RB 33912 28 23 assured assure VBN 33912 28 24 of of IN 33912 28 25 a a DT 33912 28 26 significant significant JJ 33912 28 27 financial financial JJ 33912 28 28 return return NN 33912 28 29 almost almost RB 33912 28 30 from from IN 33912 28 31 the the DT 33912 28 32 moment moment NN 33912 28 33 that that IN 33912 28 34 the the DT 33912 28 35 first first JJ 33912 28 36 rail rail NN 33912 28 37 was be VBD 33912 28 38 down down RB 33912 28 39 , , , 33912 28 40 the the DT 33912 28 41 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 28 42 and and CC 33912 28 43 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 28 44 and and CC 33912 28 45 its -PRON- PRP$ 33912 28 46 contemporaries contemporary NNS 33912 28 47 were be VBD 33912 28 48 launched launch VBN 33912 28 49 upon upon IN 33912 28 50 an an DT 33912 28 51 entirely entirely RB 33912 28 52 different different JJ 33912 28 53 commercial commercial JJ 33912 28 54 prospect prospect NN 33912 28 55 . . . 33912 29 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 33912 29 2 principal principal JJ 33912 29 3 business business NN 33912 29 4 consisted consist VBD 33912 29 5 not not RB 33912 29 6 so so RB 33912 29 7 much much JJ 33912 29 8 in in IN 33912 29 9 along along IN 33912 29 10 - - HYPH 33912 29 11 the the DT 33912 29 12 - - HYPH 33912 29 13 line line NN 33912 29 14 transactions transaction NNS 33912 29 15 as as IN 33912 29 16 in in IN 33912 29 17 haulage haulage NN 33912 29 18 between between IN 33912 29 19 principal principal JJ 33912 29 20 terminals terminal NNS 33912 29 21 separated separate VBN 33912 29 22 by by IN 33912 29 23 great great JJ 33912 29 24 and and CC 33912 29 25 largely largely RB 33912 29 26 desolate desolate JJ 33912 29 27 expanses expanse NNS 33912 29 28 . . . 33912 30 1 This this DT 33912 30 2 meant mean VBD 33912 30 3 that that DT 33912 30 4 income income NN 33912 30 5 was be VBD 33912 30 6 severely severely RB 33912 30 7 limited limited JJ 33912 30 8 until until IN 33912 30 9 the the DT 33912 30 10 line line NN 33912 30 11 was be VBD 33912 30 12 virtually virtually RB 33912 30 13 complete complete JJ 33912 30 14 from from IN 33912 30 15 end end NN 33912 30 16 to to IN 33912 30 17 end end NN 33912 30 18 , , , 33912 30 19 and and CC 33912 30 20 it -PRON- PRP 33912 30 21 meant mean VBD 33912 30 22 that that DT 33912 30 23 commencement commencement NN 33912 30 24 of of IN 33912 30 25 return return NN 33912 30 26 upon upon IN 33912 30 27 the the DT 33912 30 28 initial initial JJ 33912 30 29 investment investment NN 33912 30 30 was be VBD 33912 30 31 entirely entirely RB 33912 30 32 dependent dependent JJ 33912 30 33 upon upon IN 33912 30 34 the the DT 33912 30 35 speed speed NN 33912 30 36 of of IN 33912 30 37 survey survey NN 33912 30 38 , , , 33912 30 39 graduation graduation NN 33912 30 40 , , , 33912 30 41 tunneling tunneling NN 33912 30 42 , , , 33912 30 43 and and CC 33912 30 44 bridging bridge VBG 33912 30 45 . . . 33912 31 1 [ [ -LRB- 33912 31 2 Illustration illustration NN 33912 31 3 : : : 33912 31 4 Figure figure NN 33912 31 5 2.--MODEL 2.--MODEL NNP 33912 31 6 OF of IN 33912 31 7 B. B. NNP 33912 31 8 H. H. NNP 33912 31 9 LATROBE LATROBE NNP 33912 31 10 'S 'S NNP 33912 31 11 TRUSS TRUSS NNP 33912 31 12 , , , 33912 31 13 built build VBN 33912 31 14 in in IN 33912 31 15 1838 1838 CD 33912 31 16 , , , 33912 31 17 over over IN 33912 31 18 the the DT 33912 31 19 Patapsco Patapsco NNP 33912 31 20 River River NNP 33912 31 21 at at IN 33912 31 22 Elysville Elysville NNP 33912 31 23 ( ( -LRB- 33912 31 24 now now RB 33912 31 25 Daniels Daniels NNP 33912 31 26 ) ) -RRB- 33912 31 27 , , , 33912 31 28 Maryland Maryland NNP 33912 31 29 . . . 33912 32 1 ( ( -LRB- 33912 32 2 _ _ NNP 33912 32 3 Photo Photo NNP 33912 32 4 courtesy courtesy NN 33912 32 5 of of IN 33912 32 6 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 32 7 and and CC 33912 32 8 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 32 9 Railroad Railroad NNP 33912 32 10 . . . 33912 32 11 _ _ NNP 33912 32 12 ) ) -RRB- 33912 32 13 ] ] -RRB- 33912 32 14 The the DT 33912 32 15 need need NN 33912 32 16 for for IN 33912 32 17 speed speed NN 33912 32 18 , , , 33912 32 19 the the DT 33912 32 20 general general JJ 33912 32 21 attenuation attenuation NN 33912 32 22 of of IN 33912 32 23 capital capital NN 33912 32 24 , , , 33912 32 25 and and CC 33912 32 26 the the DT 33912 32 27 simple simple JJ 33912 32 28 fact fact NN 33912 32 29 that that IN 33912 32 30 all all PDT 33912 32 31 the the DT 33912 32 32 early early JJ 33912 32 33 railroads railroad NNS 33912 32 34 traversed traverse VBD 33912 32 35 thickly thickly RB 33912 32 36 forested forest VBN 33912 32 37 areas area NNS 33912 32 38 rendered render VBN 33912 32 39 wood wood NN 33912 32 40 the the DT 33912 32 41 most most RBS 33912 32 42 logical logical JJ 33912 32 43 material material NN 33912 32 44 for for IN 33912 32 45 bridge bridge NN 33912 32 46 and and CC 33912 32 47 other other JJ 33912 32 48 construction construction NN 33912 32 49 , , , 33912 32 50 both both CC 33912 32 51 temporary temporary JJ 33912 32 52 and and CC 33912 32 53 permanent permanent JJ 33912 32 54 . . . 33912 33 1 The the DT 33912 33 2 use use NN 33912 33 3 of of IN 33912 33 4 wood wood NN 33912 33 5 as as IN 33912 33 6 a a DT 33912 33 7 bridge bridge NN 33912 33 8 material material NN 33912 33 9 did do VBD 33912 33 10 not not RB 33912 33 11 , , , 33912 33 12 of of IN 33912 33 13 course course NN 33912 33 14 , , , 33912 33 15 originate originate VB 33912 33 16 with with IN 33912 33 17 the the DT 33912 33 18 railroads railroad NNS 33912 33 19 , , , 33912 33 20 or or CC 33912 33 21 , , , 33912 33 22 for for IN 33912 33 23 that that DT 33912 33 24 matter matter NN 33912 33 25 , , , 33912 33 26 in in IN 33912 33 27 this this DT 33912 33 28 country country NN 33912 33 29 . . . 33912 34 1 The the DT 33912 34 2 heavily heavily RB 33912 34 3 wooded woode VBN 33912 34 4 European european JJ 33912 34 5 countries country NNS 33912 34 6 -- -- : 33912 34 7 Switzerland Switzerland NNP 33912 34 8 in in IN 33912 34 9 particular particular JJ 33912 34 10 -- -- : 33912 34 11 had have VBD 33912 34 12 a a DT 33912 34 13 strong strong JJ 33912 34 14 tradition tradition NN 33912 34 15 of of IN 33912 34 16 bridge bridge NN 33912 34 17 construction construction NN 33912 34 18 in in IN 33912 34 19 timber timber NN 33912 34 20 from from IN 33912 34 21 the the DT 33912 34 22 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 33912 34 23 on on RB 33912 34 24 , , , 33912 34 25 and and CC 33912 34 26 naturally naturally RB 33912 34 27 a a DT 33912 34 28 certain certain JJ 33912 34 29 amount amount NN 33912 34 30 of of IN 33912 34 31 this this DT 33912 34 32 technique technique NN 33912 34 33 found find VBD 33912 34 34 its -PRON- PRP$ 33912 34 35 way way NN 33912 34 36 to to IN 33912 34 37 the the DT 33912 34 38 New New NNP 33912 34 39 World World NNP 33912 34 40 with with IN 33912 34 41 the the DT 33912 34 42 colonials colonial NNS 33912 34 43 and and CC 33912 34 44 immigrants immigrant NNS 33912 34 45 . . . 33912 35 1 America America NNP 33912 35 2 's 's POS 33912 35 3 highway highway NN 33912 35 4 system system NN 33912 35 5 was be VBD 33912 35 6 meager meager JJ 33912 35 7 until until IN 33912 35 8 about about IN 33912 35 9 the the DT 33912 35 10 time time NN 33912 35 11 the the DT 33912 35 12 railroad railroad NN 33912 35 13 age age NN 33912 35 14 itself -PRON- PRP 33912 35 15 was be VBD 33912 35 16 beginning begin VBG 33912 35 17 . . . 33912 36 1 However however RB 33912 36 2 , , , 33912 36 3 by by IN 33912 36 4 1812 1812 CD 33912 36 5 there there EX 33912 36 6 were be VBD 33912 36 7 , , , 33912 36 8 along along IN 33912 36 9 the the DT 33912 36 10 eastern eastern NNP 33912 36 11 seaboard seaboard NNP 33912 36 12 , , , 33912 36 13 a a DT 33912 36 14 number number NN 33912 36 15 of of IN 33912 36 16 fine fine JJ 33912 36 17 timber timber NN 33912 36 18 bridges bridge NNS 33912 36 19 of of IN 33912 36 20 truly truly RB 33912 36 21 remarkable remarkable JJ 33912 36 22 structural structural JJ 33912 36 23 sophistication sophistication NN 33912 36 24 and and CC 33912 36 25 workmanship workmanship NN 33912 36 26 . . . 33912 37 1 It -PRON- PRP 33912 37 2 was be VBD 33912 37 3 just just RB 33912 37 4 previous previous JJ 33912 37 5 to to IN 33912 37 6 the the DT 33912 37 7 advent advent NN 33912 37 8 of of IN 33912 37 9 the the DT 33912 37 10 railroads railroad NNS 33912 37 11 that that WDT 33912 37 12 the the DT 33912 37 13 erection erection NN 33912 37 14 of of IN 33912 37 15 highway highway NN 33912 37 16 bridges bridge NNS 33912 37 17 in in IN 33912 37 18 this this DT 33912 37 19 country country NN 33912 37 20 began begin VBD 33912 37 21 to to TO 33912 37 22 pass pass VB 33912 37 23 from from IN 33912 37 24 an an DT 33912 37 25 art art NN 33912 37 26 to to IN 33912 37 27 a a DT 33912 37 28 science science NN 33912 37 29 . . . 33912 38 1 And and CC 33912 38 2 an an DT 33912 38 3 art art NN 33912 38 4 it -PRON- PRP 33912 38 5 had have VBD 33912 38 6 been be VBN 33912 38 7 in in IN 33912 38 8 the the DT 33912 38 9 hands hand NNS 33912 38 10 of of IN 33912 38 11 the the DT 33912 38 12 group group NN 33912 38 13 of of IN 33912 38 14 skilled skilled JJ 33912 38 15 but but CC 33912 38 16 unschooled unschooled JJ 33912 38 17 master master NN 33912 38 18 carpenters carpenter NNS 33912 38 19 and and CC 33912 38 20 masons mason NNS 33912 38 21 who who WP 33912 38 22 built build VBD 33912 38 23 largely largely RB 33912 38 24 from from IN 33912 38 25 an an DT 33912 38 26 intuitive intuitive JJ 33912 38 27 sense sense NN 33912 38 28 of of IN 33912 38 29 proportion proportion NN 33912 38 30 , , , 33912 38 31 stress stress NN 33912 38 32 , , , 33912 38 33 and and CC 33912 38 34 the the DT 33912 38 35 general general JJ 33912 38 36 " " `` 33912 38 37 fitness fitness NN 33912 38 38 of of IN 33912 38 39 things thing NNS 33912 38 40 . . . 33912 38 41 " " '' 33912 39 1 It -PRON- PRP 33912 39 2 passed pass VBD 33912 39 3 into into IN 33912 39 4 an an DT 33912 39 5 exact exact JJ 33912 39 6 science science NN 33912 39 7 under under IN 33912 39 8 the the DT 33912 39 9 guidance guidance NN 33912 39 10 of of IN 33912 39 11 a a DT 33912 39 12 small small JJ 33912 39 13 number number NN 33912 39 14 of of IN 33912 39 15 men man NNS 33912 39 16 trained train VBN 33912 39 17 at at IN 33912 39 18 first first RB 33912 39 19 in in IN 33912 39 20 the the DT 33912 39 21 scientific scientific JJ 33912 39 22 and and CC 33912 39 23 technical technical JJ 33912 39 24 schools school NNS 33912 39 25 of of IN 33912 39 26 Europe Europe NNP 33912 39 27 , , , 33912 39 28 and and CC 33912 39 29 , , , 33912 39 30 after after IN 33912 39 31 about about IN 33912 39 32 1820 1820 CD 33912 39 33 , , , 33912 39 34 in in IN 33912 39 35 the the DT 33912 39 36 few few JJ 33912 39 37 institutions institution NNS 33912 39 38 then then RB 33912 39 39 established establish VBN 33912 39 40 in in IN 33912 39 41 America America NNP 33912 39 42 that that WDT 33912 39 43 offered offer VBD 33912 39 44 technical technical JJ 33912 39 45 instruction instruction NN 33912 39 46 . . . 33912 40 1 The the DT 33912 40 2 increasing increase VBG 33912 40 3 number number NN 33912 40 4 of of IN 33912 40 5 trained train VBN 33912 40 6 engineers engineer NNS 33912 40 7 at at IN 33912 40 8 first first JJ 33912 40 9 affected affect VBN 33912 40 10 highway highway NN 33912 40 11 bridge bridge NN 33912 40 12 construction construction NN 33912 40 13 not not RB 33912 40 14 so so RB 33912 40 15 much much JJ 33912 40 16 in in IN 33912 40 17 the the DT 33912 40 18 materials material NNS 33912 40 19 used use VBN 33912 40 20 but but CC 33912 40 21 in in IN 33912 40 22 the the DT 33912 40 23 way way NN 33912 40 24 they -PRON- PRP 33912 40 25 were be VBD 33912 40 26 assembled assemble VBN 33912 40 27 . . . 33912 41 1 In in IN 33912 41 2 a a DT 33912 41 3 bridge bridge NN 33912 41 4 designed design VBN 33912 41 5 by by IN 33912 41 6 a a DT 33912 41 7 self self NN 33912 41 8 - - HYPH 33912 41 9 taught teach VBN 33912 41 10 constructor constructor NN 33912 41 11 , , , 33912 41 12 the the DT 33912 41 13 cheapness cheapness NN 33912 41 14 of of IN 33912 41 15 wood wood NN 33912 41 16 made make VBD 33912 41 17 it -PRON- PRP 33912 41 18 entirely entirely RB 33912 41 19 feasible feasible JJ 33912 41 20 to to TO 33912 41 21 proportion proportion VB 33912 41 22 the the DT 33912 41 23 members member NNS 33912 41 24 by by IN 33912 41 25 enlarging enlarge VBG 33912 41 26 them -PRON- PRP 33912 41 27 to to IN 33912 41 28 the the DT 33912 41 29 point point NN 33912 41 30 where where WRB 33912 41 31 there there EX 33912 41 32 could could MD 33912 41 33 be be VB 33912 41 34 no no DT 33912 41 35 question question NN 33912 41 36 as as IN 33912 41 37 to to IN 33912 41 38 their -PRON- PRP$ 33912 41 39 structural structural JJ 33912 41 40 adequacy adequacy NN 33912 41 41 . . . 33912 42 1 The the DT 33912 42 2 trained train VBN 33912 42 3 engineer engineer NN 33912 42 4 , , , 33912 42 5 on on IN 33912 42 6 the the DT 33912 42 7 other other JJ 33912 42 8 hand hand NN 33912 42 9 , , , 33912 42 10 could could MD 33912 42 11 design design VB 33912 42 12 from from IN 33912 42 13 the the DT 33912 42 14 standpoint standpoint NN 33912 42 15 of of IN 33912 42 16 determining determine VBG 33912 42 17 the the DT 33912 42 18 entire entire JJ 33912 42 19 load load NN 33912 42 20 and and CC 33912 42 21 then then RB 33912 42 22 proportioning proportion VBG 33912 42 23 each each DT 33912 42 24 element element NN 33912 42 25 according accord VBG 33912 42 26 to to IN 33912 42 27 the the DT 33912 42 28 increment increment NN 33912 42 29 of of IN 33912 42 30 stress stress NN 33912 42 31 upon upon IN 33912 42 32 it -PRON- PRP 33912 42 33 and and CC 33912 42 34 to to IN 33912 42 35 the the DT 33912 42 36 unit unit NN 33912 42 37 capacity capacity NN 33912 42 38 of of IN 33912 42 39 the the DT 33912 42 40 material material NN 33912 42 41 . . . 33912 43 1 By by IN 33912 43 2 the the DT 33912 43 3 time time NN 33912 43 4 railroads railroad NNS 33912 43 5 had have VBD 33912 43 6 started start VBN 33912 43 7 expanding expand VBG 33912 43 8 to to IN 33912 43 9 the the DT 33912 43 10 West West NNP 33912 43 11 there there EX 33912 43 12 had have VBD 33912 43 13 been be VBN 33912 43 14 sufficient sufficient JJ 33912 43 15 experience experience NN 33912 43 16 with with IN 33912 43 17 the the DT 33912 43 18 half half JJ 33912 43 19 dozen dozen NN 33912 43 20 practical practical JJ 33912 43 21 timber timber NN 33912 43 22 truss truss NN 33912 43 23 systems system NNS 33912 43 24 by by IN 33912 43 25 then then RB 33912 43 26 evolved evolve VBD 33912 43 27 , , , 33912 43 28 that that IN 33912 43 29 there there EX 33912 43 30 was be VBD 33912 43 31 little little JJ 33912 43 32 difficulty difficulty NN 33912 43 33 in in IN 33912 43 34 translating translate VBG 33912 43 35 them -PRON- PRP 33912 43 36 into into IN 33912 43 37 bridges bridge NNS 33912 43 38 capable capable JJ 33912 43 39 of of IN 33912 43 40 supporting support VBG 33912 43 41 the the DT 33912 43 42 initial initial JJ 33912 43 43 light light JJ 33912 43 44 rail rail NN 33912 43 45 traffic traffic NN 33912 43 46 . . . 33912 44 1 In in IN 33912 44 2 spite spite NN 33912 44 3 of of IN 33912 44 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 33912 44 5 inherent inherent JJ 33912 44 6 shortcomings shortcoming NNS 33912 44 7 , , , 33912 44 8 wood wood NN 33912 44 9 was be VBD 33912 44 10 so so RB 33912 44 11 adaptable adaptable JJ 33912 44 12 that that IN 33912 44 13 it -PRON- PRP 33912 44 14 met meet VBD 33912 44 15 almost almost RB 33912 44 16 perfectly perfectly RB 33912 44 17 the the DT 33912 44 18 needs need NNS 33912 44 19 of of IN 33912 44 20 the the DT 33912 44 21 railroads railroad NNS 33912 44 22 during during IN 33912 44 23 the the DT 33912 44 24 early early JJ 33912 44 25 decades decade NNS 33912 44 26 of of IN 33912 44 27 their -PRON- PRP$ 33912 44 28 intense intense JJ 33912 44 29 expansion expansion NN 33912 44 30 , , , 33912 44 31 and and CC 33912 44 32 , , , 33912 44 33 in in IN 33912 44 34 fact fact NN 33912 44 35 , , , 33912 44 36 still still RB 33912 44 37 finds find VBZ 33912 44 38 limited limited JJ 33912 44 39 use use NN 33912 44 40 in in IN 33912 44 41 the the DT 33912 44 42 Northwest Northwest NNP 33912 44 43 . . . 33912 45 1 Early Early NNP 33912 45 2 Career Career NNP 33912 45 3 Wendel Wendel NNP 33912 45 4 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 45 5 was be VBD 33912 45 6 born bear VBN 33912 45 7 in in IN 33912 45 8 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 45 9 of of IN 33912 45 10 German german JJ 33912 45 11 parents parent NNS 33912 45 12 in in IN 33912 45 13 1814 1814 CD 33912 45 14 . . . 33912 46 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 33912 46 2 father father NN 33912 46 3 was be VBD 33912 46 4 a a DT 33912 46 5 baker baker NN 33912 46 6 , , , 33912 46 7 who who WP 33912 46 8 in in IN 33912 46 9 the the DT 33912 46 10 same same JJ 33912 46 11 year year NN 33912 46 12 had have VBD 33912 46 13 aided aid VBN 33912 46 14 in in IN 33912 46 15 the the DT 33912 46 16 city city NN 33912 46 17 's 's POS 33912 46 18 defense defense NN 33912 46 19 against against IN 33912 46 20 the the DT 33912 46 21 British British NNP 33912 46 22 . . . 33912 47 1 Wendel Wendel NNP 33912 47 2 's 's POS 33912 47 3 education education NN 33912 47 4 , , , 33912 47 5 until until IN 33912 47 6 about about IN 33912 47 7 the the DT 33912 47 8 age age NN 33912 47 9 of of IN 33912 47 10 11 11 CD 33912 47 11 , , , 33912 47 12 was be VBD 33912 47 13 more more RBR 33912 47 14 or or CC 33912 47 15 less less RBR 33912 47 16 conventionally conventionally RB 33912 47 17 gained gain VBN 33912 47 18 in in IN 33912 47 19 public public JJ 33912 47 20 and and CC 33912 47 21 private private JJ 33912 47 22 schools school NNS 33912 47 23 in in IN 33912 47 24 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 47 25 . . . 33912 48 1 He -PRON- PRP 33912 48 2 then then RB 33912 48 3 entered enter VBD 33912 48 4 into into IN 33912 48 5 informal informal JJ 33912 48 6 apprenticeship apprenticeship NN 33912 48 7 , , , 33912 48 8 first first RB 33912 48 9 to to IN 33912 48 10 an an DT 33912 48 11 apothecary apothecary NN 33912 48 12 in in IN 33912 48 13 Sheperdstown Sheperdstown NNP 33912 48 14 , , , 33912 48 15 Virginia Virginia NNP 33912 48 16 ( ( -LRB- 33912 48 17 now now RB 33912 48 18 West West NNP 33912 48 19 Virginia Virginia NNP 33912 48 20 ) ) -RRB- 33912 48 21 , , , 33912 48 22 and and CC 33912 48 23 then then RB 33912 48 24 to to IN 33912 48 25 one one CD 33912 48 26 in in IN 33912 48 27 Harpers Harpers NNP 33912 48 28 Ferry Ferry NNP 33912 48 29 . . . 33912 49 1 In in IN 33912 49 2 1826 1826 CD 33912 49 3 or or CC 33912 49 4 1827 1827 CD 33912 49 5 he -PRON- PRP 33912 49 6 became become VBD 33912 49 7 ill ill JJ 33912 49 8 and and CC 33912 49 9 returned return VBN 33912 49 10 to to IN 33912 49 11 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 49 12 for for IN 33912 49 13 cure cure NN 33912 49 14 . . . 33912 50 1 From from IN 33912 50 2 that that DT 33912 50 3 time time NN 33912 50 4 on on IN 33912 50 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 33912 50 6 education education NN 33912 50 7 was be VBD 33912 50 8 entirely entirely RB 33912 50 9 self self NN 33912 50 10 - - HYPH 33912 50 11 acquired acquire VBN 33912 50 12 . . . 33912 51 1 [ [ -LRB- 33912 51 2 Illustration illustration NN 33912 51 3 : : : 33912 51 4 Figure figure VB 33912 51 5 3.--TRUSSED 3.--TRUSSED NNP 33912 51 6 BEAM BEAM NNP 33912 51 7 . . . 33912 51 8 ] ] -RRB- 33912 52 1 It -PRON- PRP 33912 52 2 is be VBZ 33912 52 3 of of IN 33912 52 4 interest interest NN 33912 52 5 , , , 33912 52 6 in in IN 33912 52 7 light light NN 33912 52 8 of of IN 33912 52 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 33912 52 10 later later JJ 33912 52 11 career career NN 33912 52 12 , , , 33912 52 13 to to TO 33912 52 14 note note VB 33912 52 15 that that IN 33912 52 16 on on IN 33912 52 17 the the DT 33912 52 18 Fourth Fourth NNP 33912 52 19 of of IN 33912 52 20 July July NNP 33912 52 21 1828 1828 CD 33912 52 22 , , , 33912 52 23 he -PRON- PRP 33912 52 24 marched march VBD 33912 52 25 with with IN 33912 52 26 other other JJ 33912 52 27 boys boy NNS 33912 52 28 in in IN 33912 52 29 a a DT 33912 52 30 procession procession NN 33912 52 31 that that WDT 33912 52 32 was be VBD 33912 52 33 part part NN 33912 52 34 of of IN 33912 52 35 the the DT 33912 52 36 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 52 37 and and CC 33912 52 38 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 52 39 Railroad Railroad NNP 33912 52 40 's 's POS 33912 52 41 cornerstone cornerstone NN 33912 52 42 - - HYPH 33912 52 43 laying lay VBG 33912 52 44 ceremony ceremony NN 33912 52 45 . . . 33912 53 1 Shortly shortly RB 33912 53 2 afterward afterward RB 33912 53 3 , , , 33912 53 4 he -PRON- PRP 33912 53 5 apprenticed apprentice VBD 33912 53 6 himself -PRON- PRP 33912 53 7 to to IN 33912 53 8 a a DT 33912 53 9 carpenter carpenter NN 33912 53 10 for for IN 33912 53 11 a a DT 33912 53 12 brief brief JJ 33912 53 13 time time NN 33912 53 14 , , , 33912 53 15 but but CC 33912 53 16 when when WRB 33912 53 17 the the DT 33912 53 18 work work NN 33912 53 19 slacked slack VBD 33912 53 20 off off RP 33912 53 21 he -PRON- PRP 33912 53 22 obtained obtain VBD 33912 53 23 work work NN 33912 53 24 with with IN 33912 53 25 the the DT 33912 53 26 B. B. NNP 33912 54 1 & & CC 33912 54 2 O. O. NNP 33912 55 1 The the DT 33912 55 2 right right JJ 33912 55 3 - - HYPH 33912 55 4 of of IN 33912 55 5 - - HYPH 33912 55 6 way way NN 33912 55 7 had have VBD 33912 55 8 been be VBN 33912 55 9 graded grade VBN 33912 55 10 for for IN 33912 55 11 about about RB 33912 55 12 five five CD 33912 55 13 miles mile NNS 33912 55 14 by by IN 33912 55 15 that that DT 33912 55 16 time time NN 33912 55 17 , , , 33912 55 18 but but CC 33912 55 19 no no DT 33912 55 20 rail rail NN 33912 55 21 was be VBD 33912 55 22 down down RB 33912 55 23 . . . 33912 56 1 The the DT 33912 56 2 boy boy NN 33912 56 3 was be VBD 33912 56 4 at at IN 33912 56 5 first first RB 33912 56 6 given give VBN 33912 56 7 manual manual JJ 33912 56 8 work work NN 33912 56 9 , , , 33912 56 10 but but CC 33912 56 11 soon soon RB 33912 56 12 advanced advance VBD 33912 56 13 to to IN 33912 56 14 rodman rodman NNP 33912 56 15 and and CC 33912 56 16 rapidly rapidly RB 33912 56 17 rose rise VBD 33912 56 18 as as IN 33912 56 19 he -PRON- PRP 33912 56 20 gained gain VBD 33912 56 21 facility facility NN 33912 56 22 with with IN 33912 56 23 the the DT 33912 56 24 surveying surveying NN 33912 56 25 apparatus apparatus NN 33912 56 26 . . . 33912 57 1 In in IN 33912 57 2 the the DT 33912 57 3 fall fall NN 33912 57 4 of of IN 33912 57 5 1829 1829 CD 33912 57 6 he -PRON- PRP 33912 57 7 participated participate VBD 33912 57 8 in in IN 33912 57 9 laying lay VBG 33912 57 10 the the DT 33912 57 11 first first JJ 33912 57 12 track track NN 33912 57 13 . . . 33912 58 1 As as IN 33912 58 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 33912 58 3 mother mother NN 33912 58 4 was be VBD 33912 58 5 anxious anxious JJ 33912 58 6 that that IN 33912 58 7 he -PRON- PRP 33912 58 8 continue continue VB 33912 58 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 33912 58 10 education education NN 33912 58 11 in in IN 33912 58 12 carpentry carpentry NN 33912 58 13 , , , 33912 58 14 he -PRON- PRP 33912 58 15 left leave VBD 33912 58 16 the the DT 33912 58 17 railroad railroad NN 33912 58 18 in in IN 33912 58 19 the the DT 33912 58 20 spring spring NN 33912 58 21 of of IN 33912 58 22 1830 1830 CD 33912 58 23 to to TO 33912 58 24 again again RB 33912 58 25 enter enter VB 33912 58 26 apprenticeship apprenticeship NN 33912 58 27 . . . 33912 59 1 He -PRON- PRP 33912 59 2 finished finish VBD 33912 59 3 , , , 33912 59 4 became become VBD 33912 59 5 a a DT 33912 59 6 journeyman journeyman NN 33912 59 7 , , , 33912 59 8 helped help VBD 33912 59 9 build build VB 33912 59 10 a a DT 33912 59 11 planter planter NN 33912 59 12 's 's POS 33912 59 13 mansion mansion NN 33912 59 14 in in IN 33912 59 15 Natchez Natchez NNP 33912 59 16 , , , 33912 59 17 and and CC 33912 59 18 returned return VBD 33912 59 19 to to IN 33912 59 20 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 59 21 in in IN 33912 59 22 1837 1837 CD 33912 59 23 to to TO 33912 59 24 commence commence VB 33912 59 25 his -PRON- PRP$ 33912 59 26 own own JJ 33912 59 27 carpentry carpentry NN 33912 59 28 business business NN 33912 59 29 . . . 33912 60 1 The the DT 33912 60 2 next next JJ 33912 60 3 year year NN 33912 60 4 , , , 33912 60 5 while while IN 33912 60 6 building build VBG 33912 60 7 a a DT 33912 60 8 house house NN 33912 60 9 in in IN 33912 60 10 Harpers Harpers NNP 33912 60 11 Ferry Ferry NNP 33912 60 12 , , , 33912 60 13 he -PRON- PRP 33912 60 14 was be VBD 33912 60 15 asked ask VBN 33912 60 16 to to TO 33912 60 17 rejoin rejoin VB 33912 60 18 the the DT 33912 60 19 B. B. NNP 33912 61 1 & & CC 33912 61 2 O. O. NNP 33912 61 3 to to TO 33912 61 4 rebuild rebuild VB 33912 61 5 parts part NNS 33912 61 6 of of IN 33912 61 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 33912 61 8 large large JJ 33912 61 9 timber timber NN 33912 61 10 bridge bridge NN 33912 61 11 over over IN 33912 61 12 the the DT 33912 61 13 Potomac Potomac NNP 33912 61 14 there there RB 33912 61 15 , , , 33912 61 16 which which WDT 33912 61 17 had have VBD 33912 61 18 fallen fall VBN 33912 61 19 victim victim NN 33912 61 20 to to IN 33912 61 21 various various JJ 33912 61 22 defects defect NNS 33912 61 23 after after IN 33912 61 24 about about RB 33912 61 25 a a DT 33912 61 26 year year NN 33912 61 27 's 's POS 33912 61 28 use use NN 33912 61 29 . . . 33912 62 1 [ [ -LRB- 33912 62 2 Illustration illustration NN 33912 62 3 : : : 33912 62 4 Figure figure NN 33912 62 5 4.--SIMPLE 4.--SIMPLE NNP 33912 62 6 BEAM BEAM NNS 33912 62 7 of of IN 33912 62 8 50-foot 50-foot CD 33912 62 9 span span NN 33912 62 10 with with IN 33912 62 11 three three CD 33912 62 12 independent independent JJ 33912 62 13 trussing truss VBG 33912 62 14 systems system NNS 33912 62 15 . . . 33912 63 1 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 63 2 's 's POS 33912 63 3 use use NN 33912 63 4 of of IN 33912 63 5 this this DT 33912 63 6 method method NN 33912 63 7 of of IN 33912 63 8 support support NN 33912 63 9 led lead VBD 33912 63 10 to to IN 33912 63 11 the the DT 33912 63 12 development development NN 33912 63 13 of of IN 33912 63 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 33912 63 15 bridge bridge NN 33912 63 16 truss truss NN 33912 63 17 . . . 33912 64 1 This this DT 33912 64 2 drawing drawing NN 33912 64 3 is be VBZ 33912 64 4 of of IN 33912 64 5 a a DT 33912 64 6 temporary temporary JJ 33912 64 7 span span NN 33912 64 8 used use VBN 33912 64 9 after after IN 33912 64 10 the the DT 33912 64 11 timber timber NN 33912 64 12 bridge bridge NN 33912 64 13 at at IN 33912 64 14 Harpers Harpers NNP 33912 64 15 Ferry Ferry NNP 33912 64 16 was be VBD 33912 64 17 destroyed destroy VBN 33912 64 18 during during IN 33912 64 19 the the DT 33912 64 20 Civil Civil NNP 33912 64 21 War War NNP 33912 64 22 . . . 33912 65 1 ( ( -LRB- 33912 65 2 In in IN 33912 65 3 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 65 4 and and CC 33912 65 5 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 65 6 Collection Collection NNP 33912 65 7 , , , 33912 65 8 Museum Museum NNP 33912 65 9 of of IN 33912 65 10 History History NNP 33912 65 11 and and CC 33912 65 12 Technology Technology NNP 33912 65 13 . . . 33912 65 14 ) ) -RRB- 33912 65 15 ] ] -RRB- 33912 66 1 Shortly shortly RB 33912 66 2 after after IN 33912 66 3 the the DT 33912 66 4 Harpers Harpers NNP 33912 66 5 Ferry Ferry NNP 33912 66 6 bridge bridge NN 33912 66 7 reconstruction reconstruction NN 33912 66 8 , , , 33912 66 9 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 66 10 was be VBD 33912 66 11 made make VBN 33912 66 12 foreman foreman NN 33912 66 13 of of IN 33912 66 14 bridges bridge NNS 33912 66 15 . . . 33912 67 1 It -PRON- PRP 33912 67 2 is be VBZ 33912 67 3 apparent apparent JJ 33912 67 4 that that IN 33912 67 5 , , , 33912 67 6 on on IN 33912 67 7 the the DT 33912 67 8 basis basis NN 33912 67 9 of of IN 33912 67 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 33912 67 11 practical practical JJ 33912 67 12 ability ability NN 33912 67 13 , , , 33912 67 14 enhanced enhance VBN 33912 67 15 by by IN 33912 67 16 the the DT 33912 67 17 theoretical theoretical JJ 33912 67 18 knowledge knowledge NN 33912 67 19 gained gain VBN 33912 67 20 by by IN 33912 67 21 intense intense JJ 33912 67 22 self self NN 33912 67 23 - - HYPH 33912 67 24 study study NN 33912 67 25 , , , 33912 67 26 he -PRON- PRP 33912 67 27 eventually eventually RB 33912 67 28 came come VBD 33912 67 29 to to TO 33912 67 30 assist assist VB 33912 67 31 Chief Chief NNP 33912 67 32 Engineer Engineer NNP 33912 67 33 Benjamin Benjamin NNP 33912 67 34 H. H. NNP 33912 67 35 Latrobe Latrobe NNP 33912 67 36 in in IN 33912 67 37 bridge bridge NN 33912 67 38 design design NN 33912 67 39 . . . 33912 68 1 He -PRON- PRP 33912 68 2 later later RB 33912 68 3 took take VBD 33912 68 4 this this DT 33912 68 5 work work NN 33912 68 6 over over RP 33912 68 7 entirely entirely RB 33912 68 8 as as IN 33912 68 9 Latrobe Latrobe NNP 33912 68 10 's 's POS 33912 68 11 attentions attention NNS 33912 68 12 and and CC 33912 68 13 talents talent NNS 33912 68 14 were be VBD 33912 68 15 demanded demand VBN 33912 68 16 in in IN 33912 68 17 the the DT 33912 68 18 location location NN 33912 68 19 and and CC 33912 68 20 extension extension NN 33912 68 21 of of IN 33912 68 22 the the DT 33912 68 23 line line NN 33912 68 24 between between IN 33912 68 25 Cumberland Cumberland NNP 33912 68 26 and and CC 33912 68 27 Wheeling Wheeling NNP 33912 68 28 . . . 33912 69 1 [ [ -LRB- 33912 69 2 Illustration illustration NN 33912 69 3 : : : 33912 69 4 Figure Figure NNP 33912 69 5 5.--BOLLMAN 5.--BOLLMAN NNP 33912 69 6 'S 'S NNP 33912 69 7 ORIGINAL original JJ 33912 69 8 PATENT patent NN 33912 69 9 DRAWING drawing NN 33912 69 10 , , , 33912 69 11 1851 1851 CD 33912 69 12 . . . 33912 70 1 ( ( -LRB- 33912 70 2 In in IN 33912 70 3 National National NNP 33912 70 4 Archives Archives NNPS 33912 70 5 , , , 33912 70 6 Washington Washington NNP 33912 70 7 , , , 33912 70 8 D.C. D.C. NNP 33912 70 9 ) ) -RRB- 33912 70 10 ] ] -RRB- 33912 70 11 The the DT 33912 70 12 B. B. NNP 33912 71 1 & & CC 33912 71 2 O. O. NNP 33912 71 3 did do VBD 33912 71 4 not not RB 33912 71 5 reach reach VB 33912 71 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 33912 71 7 logical logical JJ 33912 71 8 destination destination NN 33912 71 9 , , , 33912 71 10 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 71 11 ( ( -LRB- 33912 71 12 actually actually RB 33912 71 13 Wheeling Wheeling NNP 33912 71 14 , , , 33912 71 15 West West NNP 33912 71 16 Virginia Virginia NNP 33912 71 17 , , , 33912 71 18 on on IN 33912 71 19 the the DT 33912 71 20 east east NNP 33912 71 21 bank bank NNP 33912 71 22 of of IN 33912 71 23 the the DT 33912 71 24 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 71 25 River River NNP 33912 71 26 ) ) -RRB- 33912 71 27 until until IN 33912 71 28 1853 1853 CD 33912 71 29 . . . 33912 72 1 In in IN 33912 72 2 the the DT 33912 72 3 years year NNS 33912 72 4 following follow VBG 33912 72 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 72 6 's 's POS 33912 72 7 return return NN 33912 72 8 to to IN 33912 72 9 the the DT 33912 72 10 railroad railroad NN 33912 72 11 , , , 33912 72 12 the the DT 33912 72 13 design design NN 33912 72 14 of of IN 33912 72 15 bridges bridge NNS 33912 72 16 was be VBD 33912 72 17 an an DT 33912 72 18 occupation occupation NN 33912 72 19 of of IN 33912 72 20 the the DT 33912 72 21 engineering engineering NN 33912 72 22 staff staff NN 33912 72 23 second second JJ 33912 72 24 in in IN 33912 72 25 importance importance NN 33912 72 26 only only RB 33912 72 27 to to IN 33912 72 28 the the DT 33912 72 29 location location NN 33912 72 30 of of IN 33912 72 31 the the DT 33912 72 32 line line NN 33912 72 33 itself -PRON- PRP 33912 72 34 . . . 33912 73 1 During during IN 33912 73 2 this this DT 33912 73 3 time time NN 33912 73 4 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 73 5 continued continue VBD 33912 73 6 to to TO 33912 73 7 rise rise VB 33912 73 8 and and CC 33912 73 9 assume assume VB 33912 73 10 greater great JJR 33912 73 11 responsibilities responsibility NNS 33912 73 12 , , , 33912 73 13 being be VBG 33912 73 14 appointed appoint VBN 33912 73 15 master master NN 33912 73 16 of of IN 33912 73 17 road road NN 33912 73 18 by by IN 33912 73 19 Latrobe Latrobe NNP 33912 73 20 in in IN 33912 73 21 1848 1848 CD 33912 73 22 . . . 33912 74 1 In in IN 33912 74 2 this this DT 33912 74 3 position position NN 33912 74 4 he -PRON- PRP 33912 74 5 was be VBD 33912 74 6 responsible responsible JJ 33912 74 7 for for IN 33912 74 8 all all DT 33912 74 9 railroad railroad NN 33912 74 10 property property NN 33912 74 11 that that WDT 33912 74 12 did do VBD 33912 74 13 not not RB 33912 74 14 move move VB 33912 74 15 , , , 33912 74 16 principally principally RB 33912 74 17 the the DT 33912 74 18 right right JJ 33912 74 19 - - HYPH 33912 74 20 of of IN 33912 74 21 - - HYPH 33912 74 22 way way NN 33912 74 23 and and CC 33912 74 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 33912 74 25 structures structure NNS 33912 74 26 , , , 33912 74 27 including include VBG 33912 74 28 , , , 33912 74 29 of of IN 33912 74 30 course course NN 33912 74 31 , , , 33912 74 32 bridges bridge NNS 33912 74 33 . . . 33912 75 1 The the DT 33912 75 2 recognition recognition NN 33912 75 3 of of IN 33912 75 4 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 75 5 's 's POS 33912 75 6 abilities ability NNS 33912 75 7 was be VBD 33912 75 8 in in IN 33912 75 9 the the DT 33912 75 10 well well RB 33912 75 11 - - HYPH 33912 75 12 established establish VBN 33912 75 13 tradition tradition NN 33912 75 14 of of IN 33912 75 15 the the DT 33912 75 16 B. B. NNP 33912 76 1 & & CC 33912 76 2 O. O. NNP 33912 76 3 , , , 33912 76 4 long long RB 33912 76 5 known know VBN 33912 76 6 as as IN 33912 76 7 America America NNP 33912 76 8 's 's POS 33912 76 9 first first JJ 33912 76 10 " " `` 33912 76 11 school school NN 33912 76 12 of of IN 33912 76 13 engineering engineering NN 33912 76 14 , , , 33912 76 15 " " '' 33912 76 16 having have VBG 33912 76 17 sponsored sponsor VBN 33912 76 18 many many JJ 33912 76 19 early early JJ 33912 76 20 experiments experiment NNS 33912 76 21 in in IN 33912 76 22 motive motive JJ 33912 76 23 power power NN 33912 76 24 , , , 33912 76 25 trackwork trackwork NN 33912 76 26 , , , 33912 76 27 and and CC 33912 76 28 other other JJ 33912 76 29 fundamental fundamental JJ 33912 76 30 elements element NNS 33912 76 31 of of IN 33912 76 32 railroad railroad NN 33912 76 33 engineering engineering NN 33912 76 34 . . . 33912 77 1 It -PRON- PRP 33912 77 2 furnished furnish VBD 33912 77 3 the the DT 33912 77 4 means mean NNS 33912 77 5 of of IN 33912 77 6 expression expression NN 33912 77 7 for for IN 33912 77 8 such such JJ 33912 77 9 men man NNS 33912 77 10 as as IN 33912 77 11 Knight Knight NNP 33912 77 12 , , , 33912 77 13 Wright Wright NNP 33912 77 14 , , , 33912 77 15 Whistler Whistler NNP 33912 77 16 , , , 33912 77 17 Latrobe Latrobe NNP 33912 77 18 , , , 33912 77 19 and and CC 33912 77 20 Winans Winans NNPS 33912 77 21 . . . 33912 78 1 [ [ -LRB- 33912 78 2 Illustration illustration NN 33912 78 3 : : : 33912 78 4 Figure figure NN 33912 78 5 6.--PLAN 6.--plan CD 33912 78 6 OF of IN 33912 78 7 HARPERS HARPERS NNP 33912 78 8 FERRY FERRY NNP 33912 78 9 BRIDGE BRIDGE NNP 33912 78 10 as as IN 33912 78 11 built build VBN 33912 78 12 by by IN 33912 78 13 Latrobe Latrobe NNP 33912 78 14 . . . 33912 79 1 The the DT 33912 79 2 second second JJ 33912 79 3 Winchester Winchester NNP 33912 79 4 track track NN 33912 79 5 was be VBD 33912 79 6 later later RB 33912 79 7 removed remove VBN 33912 79 8 . . . 33912 79 9 ] ] -RRB- 33912 80 1 Of of IN 33912 80 2 these these DT 33912 80 3 pioneer pioneer NN 33912 80 4 civil civil JJ 33912 80 5 and and CC 33912 80 6 mechanical mechanical JJ 33912 80 7 engineers engineer NNS 33912 80 8 , , , 33912 80 9 some some DT 33912 80 10 were be VBD 33912 80 11 formally formally RB 33912 80 12 trained train VBN 33912 80 13 but but CC 33912 80 14 most most JJS 33912 80 15 were be VBD 33912 80 16 self self NN 33912 80 17 - - HYPH 33912 80 18 taught teach VBN 33912 80 19 . . . 33912 81 1 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 81 2 's 's POS 33912 81 3 career career NN 33912 81 4 on on IN 33912 81 5 the the DT 33912 81 6 B. B. NNP 33912 82 1 & & CC 33912 82 2 O. O. NNP 33912 82 3 is be VBZ 33912 82 4 of of IN 33912 82 5 particular particular JJ 33912 82 6 interest interest NN 33912 82 7 not not RB 33912 82 8 only only RB 33912 82 9 because because IN 33912 82 10 he -PRON- PRP 33912 82 11 was be VBD 33912 82 12 perhaps perhaps RB 33912 82 13 the the DT 33912 82 14 most most RBS 33912 82 15 successful successful JJ 33912 82 16 of of IN 33912 82 17 the the DT 33912 82 18 latter latter JJ 33912 82 19 class class NN 33912 82 20 but but CC 33912 82 21 because because IN 33912 82 22 he -PRON- PRP 33912 82 23 was be VBD 33912 82 24 probably probably RB 33912 82 25 also also RB 33912 82 26 the the DT 33912 82 27 last last JJ 33912 82 28 . . . 33912 83 1 He -PRON- PRP 33912 83 2 may may MD 33912 83 3 be be VB 33912 83 4 said say VBN 33912 83 5 to to TO 33912 83 6 be be VB 33912 83 7 a a DT 33912 83 8 true true JJ 33912 83 9 representative representative NN 33912 83 10 of of IN 33912 83 11 the the DT 33912 83 12 transitional transitional JJ 33912 83 13 period period NN 33912 83 14 between between IN 33912 83 15 intuitive intuitive JJ 33912 83 16 and and CC 33912 83 17 exact exact JJ 33912 83 18 engineering engineering NN 33912 83 19 . . . 33912 84 1 Actually actually RB 33912 84 2 , , , 33912 84 3 his -PRON- PRP$ 33912 84 4 designing designing NN 33912 84 5 was be VBD 33912 84 6 a a DT 33912 84 7 composite composite NN 33912 84 8 of of IN 33912 84 9 the the DT 33912 84 10 two two CD 33912 84 11 methods method NNS 33912 84 12 . . . 33912 85 1 While while IN 33912 85 2 making make VBG 33912 85 3 consistent consistent JJ 33912 85 4 use use NN 33912 85 5 of of IN 33912 85 6 mathematical mathematical JJ 33912 85 7 analysis analysis NN 33912 85 8 , , , 33912 85 9 he -PRON- PRP 33912 85 10 was be VBD 33912 85 11 at at IN 33912 85 12 the the DT 33912 85 13 same same JJ 33912 85 14 time time NN 33912 85 15 more more RBR 33912 85 16 or or CC 33912 85 17 less less RBR 33912 85 18 dependent dependent JJ 33912 85 19 upon upon IN 33912 85 20 empirical empirical JJ 33912 85 21 methods method NNS 33912 85 22 . . . 33912 86 1 For for IN 33912 86 2 years year NNS 33912 86 3 , , , 33912 86 4 B. B. NNP 33912 87 1 & & CC 33912 87 2 O. O. NNP 33912 87 3 employees employee NNS 33912 87 4 told tell VBD 33912 87 5 stories story NNS 33912 87 6 of of IN 33912 87 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 33912 87 8 sessions session NNS 33912 87 9 in in IN 33912 87 10 the the DT 33912 87 11 tin tin JJ 33912 87 12 shop shop NN 33912 87 13 of of IN 33912 87 14 the the DT 33912 87 15 railroad railroad NN 33912 87 16 's 's POS 33912 87 17 main main JJ 33912 87 18 repair repair NN 33912 87 19 facility facility NN 33912 87 20 at at IN 33912 87 21 Mount Mount NNP 33912 87 22 Clair Clair NNP 33912 87 23 in in IN 33912 87 24 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 87 25 , , , 33912 87 26 where where WRB 33912 87 27 he -PRON- PRP 33912 87 28 built build VBD 33912 87 29 models model NNS 33912 87 30 of of IN 33912 87 31 bridges bridge NNS 33912 87 32 from from IN 33912 87 33 scraps scrap NNS 33912 87 34 of of IN 33912 87 35 metal metal NN 33912 87 36 and and CC 33912 87 37 then then RB 33912 87 38 tested test VBD 33912 87 39 them -PRON- PRP 33912 87 40 to to IN 33912 87 41 destruction destruction NN 33912 87 42 to to TO 33912 87 43 locate locate VB 33912 87 44 weaknesses weakness NNS 33912 87 45 . . . 33912 88 1 It -PRON- PRP 33912 88 2 seems seem VBZ 33912 88 3 most most RBS 33912 88 4 likely likely JJ 33912 88 5 , , , 33912 88 6 however however RB 33912 88 7 , , , 33912 88 8 that that IN 33912 88 9 the the DT 33912 88 10 empirical empirical JJ 33912 88 11 studies study NNS 33912 88 12 were be VBD 33912 88 13 used use VBN 33912 88 14 solely solely RB 33912 88 15 as as IN 33912 88 16 checks check NNS 33912 88 17 against against IN 33912 88 18 the the DT 33912 88 19 mathematical mathematical JJ 33912 88 20 . . . 33912 89 1 [ [ -LRB- 33912 89 2 Illustration illustration NN 33912 89 3 : : : 33912 89 4 Figure Figure NNP 33912 89 5 7.--RECENT 7.--RECENT NNP 33912 89 6 MODEL model NN 33912 89 7 of of IN 33912 89 8 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 89 9 's 's POS 33912 89 10 Winchester Winchester NNP 33912 89 11 span span NN 33912 89 12 . . . 33912 90 1 Only only RB 33912 90 2 two two CD 33912 90 3 of of IN 33912 90 4 the the DT 33912 90 5 three three CD 33912 90 6 lines line NNS 33912 90 7 of of IN 33912 90 8 trussing truss VBG 33912 90 9 are be VBP 33912 90 10 shown show VBN 33912 90 11 . . . 33912 91 1 The the DT 33912 91 2 model model NN 33912 91 3 is be VBZ 33912 91 4 based base VBN 33912 91 5 on on IN 33912 91 6 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 91 7 's 's POS 33912 91 8 published publish VBN 33912 91 9 description description NN 33912 91 10 and and CC 33912 91 11 drawings drawing NNS 33912 91 12 of of IN 33912 91 13 the the DT 33912 91 14 structure structure NN 33912 91 15 . . . 33912 92 1 ( ( -LRB- 33912 92 2 USNM USNM NNP 33912 92 3 318171 318171 CD 33912 92 4 ; ; : 33912 92 5 Smithsonian smithsonian JJ 33912 92 6 photo photo NN 33912 92 7 46941 46941 CD 33912 92 8 . . . 33912 92 9 ) ) -RRB- 33912 92 10 ] ] -RRB- 33912 93 1 In in IN 33912 93 2 the the DT 33912 93 3 period period NN 33912 93 4 when when WRB 33912 93 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 93 6 began begin VBD 33912 93 7 designing design VBG 33912 93 8 -- -- : 33912 93 9 about about RB 33912 93 10 1840 1840 CD 33912 93 11 - - HYPH 33912 93 12 -there -there NNP 33912 93 13 were be VBD 33912 93 14 fewer few JJR 33912 93 15 than than IN 33912 93 16 ten ten CD 33912 93 17 men man NNS 33912 93 18 in in IN 33912 93 19 the the DT 33912 93 20 country country NN 33912 93 21 designing design VBG 33912 93 22 bridges bridge NNS 33912 93 23 by by IN 33912 93 24 scientifically scientifically RB 33912 93 25 correct correct JJ 33912 93 26 analytical analytical JJ 33912 93 27 methods method NNS 33912 93 28 , , , 33912 93 29 Whipple Whipple NNP 33912 93 30 and and CC 33912 93 31 Roebling Roebling NNP 33912 93 32 the the DT 33912 93 33 most most RBS 33912 93 34 notable notable JJ 33912 93 35 of of IN 33912 93 36 this this DT 33912 93 37 group group NN 33912 93 38 . . . 33912 94 1 By by IN 33912 94 2 1884 1884 CD 33912 94 3 , , , 33912 94 4 the the DT 33912 94 5 year year NN 33912 94 6 of of IN 33912 94 7 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 94 8 's 's POS 33912 94 9 death death NN 33912 94 10 , , , 33912 94 11 the the DT 33912 94 12 age age NN 33912 94 13 of of IN 33912 94 14 intuitive intuitive JJ 33912 94 15 design design NN 33912 94 16 had have VBD 33912 94 17 been be VBN 33912 94 18 dead dead JJ 33912 94 19 for for IN 33912 94 20 a a DT 33912 94 21 decade decade NN 33912 94 22 or or CC 33912 94 23 longer long RBR 33912 94 24 . . . 33912 95 1 [ [ -LRB- 33912 95 2 Illustration illustration NN 33912 95 3 : : : 33912 95 4 Figure figure NN 33912 95 5 8.--THE 8.--the CD 33912 95 6 BALTIMORE BALTIMORE NNP 33912 95 7 AND and CC 33912 95 8 OHIO OHIO NNP 33912 95 9 RAILROAD RAILROAD NNP 33912 95 10 'S 's POS 33912 95 11 Potomac Potomac NNP 33912 95 12 River River NNP 33912 95 13 crossing crossing NN 33912 95 14 at at IN 33912 95 15 Harpers Harpers NNP 33912 95 16 Ferry Ferry NNP 33912 95 17 , , , 33912 95 18 about about RB 33912 95 19 1860 1860 CD 33912 95 20 . . . 33912 96 1 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 96 2 's 's POS 33912 96 3 iron iron NN 33912 96 4 " " `` 33912 96 5 Winchester Winchester NNP 33912 96 6 span span NN 33912 96 7 " " '' 33912 96 8 of of IN 33912 96 9 1851 1851 CD 33912 96 10 is be VBZ 33912 96 11 seen see VBN 33912 96 12 at at IN 33912 96 13 the the DT 33912 96 14 right right JJ 33912 96 15 end end NN 33912 96 16 of of IN 33912 96 17 Latrobe Latrobe NNP 33912 96 18 's 's POS 33912 96 19 timber timber NN 33912 96 20 structure structure NN 33912 96 21 of of IN 33912 96 22 1836 1836 CD 33912 96 23 , , , 33912 96 24 which which WDT 33912 96 25 forms form VBZ 33912 96 26 the the DT 33912 96 27 body body NN 33912 96 28 of of IN 33912 96 29 the the DT 33912 96 30 bridge bridge NN 33912 96 31 . . . 33912 97 1 ( ( -LRB- 33912 97 2 _ _ NNP 33912 97 3 Photo Photo NNP 33912 97 4 courtesy courtesy NN 33912 97 5 of of IN 33912 97 6 Harpers Harpers NNP 33912 97 7 Ferry Ferry NNP 33912 97 8 National National NNP 33912 97 9 Historical Historical NNP 33912 97 10 Park Park NNP 33912 97 11 . . . 33912 97 12 _ _ NNP 33912 97 13 ) ) -RRB- 33912 97 14 ] ] -RRB- 33912 97 15 The the DT 33912 97 16 B. B. NNP 33912 98 1 & & CC 33912 98 2 O. O. NNP 33912 98 3 was be VBD 33912 98 4 in in IN 33912 98 5 every every DT 33912 98 6 way way NN 33912 98 7 a a DT 33912 98 8 truly truly RB 33912 98 9 pioneer pioneer NN 33912 98 10 enterprise enterprise NN 33912 98 11 . . . 33912 99 1 It -PRON- PRP 33912 99 2 was be VBD 33912 99 3 the the DT 33912 99 4 first first JJ 33912 99 5 practical practical JJ 33912 99 6 railroad railroad NN 33912 99 7 in in IN 33912 99 8 America America NNP 33912 99 9 ; ; : 33912 99 10 the the DT 33912 99 11 first first JJ 33912 99 12 to to TO 33912 99 13 use use VB 33912 99 14 an an DT 33912 99 15 American american JJ 33912 99 16 locomotive locomotive NN 33912 99 17 ; ; : 33912 99 18 the the DT 33912 99 19 first first JJ 33912 99 20 to to TO 33912 99 21 cross cross VB 33912 99 22 the the DT 33912 99 23 Alleghenies allegheny NNS 33912 99 24 . . . 33912 100 1 The the DT 33912 100 2 spirit spirit NN 33912 100 3 of of IN 33912 100 4 innovation innovation NN 33912 100 5 had have VBD 33912 100 6 been be VBN 33912 100 7 encouraged encourage VBN 33912 100 8 by by IN 33912 100 9 the the DT 33912 100 10 railroad railroad NN 33912 100 11 's 's POS 33912 100 12 directors director NNS 33912 100 13 from from IN 33912 100 14 the the DT 33912 100 15 outset outset NN 33912 100 16 . . . 33912 101 1 It -PRON- PRP 33912 101 2 could could MD 33912 101 3 hardly hardly RB 33912 101 4 have have VB 33912 101 5 been be VBN 33912 101 6 otherwise otherwise RB 33912 101 7 in in IN 33912 101 8 light light NN 33912 101 9 of of IN 33912 101 10 the the DT 33912 101 11 project project NN 33912 101 12 's 's POS 33912 101 13 elemental elemental JJ 33912 101 14 daring daring NN 33912 101 15 . . . 33912 102 1 The the DT 33912 102 2 first first JJ 33912 102 3 few few JJ 33912 102 4 major major JJ 33912 102 5 bridges bridge NNS 33912 102 6 beyond beyond IN 33912 102 7 the the DT 33912 102 8 line line NN 33912 102 9 's 's POS 33912 102 10 starting starting NN 33912 102 11 point point NN 33912 102 12 on on IN 33912 102 13 Pratt Pratt NNP 33912 102 14 Street Street NNP 33912 102 15 , , , 33912 102 16 in in IN 33912 102 17 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 102 18 , , , 33912 102 19 were be VBD 33912 102 20 of of IN 33912 102 21 rather rather RB 33912 102 22 elaborate elaborate JJ 33912 102 23 masonry masonry NN 33912 102 24 , , , 33912 102 25 but but CC 33912 102 26 this this DT 33912 102 27 may may MD 33912 102 28 be be VB 33912 102 29 explained explain VBN 33912 102 30 by by IN 33912 102 31 the the DT 33912 102 32 projectors projector NNS 33912 102 33 ' ' POS 33912 102 34 consciousness consciousness NN 33912 102 35 of of IN 33912 102 36 the the DT 33912 102 37 railroad railroad NN 33912 102 38 's 's POS 33912 102 39 significance significance NN 33912 102 40 and and CC 33912 102 41 their -PRON- PRP$ 33912 102 42 desire desire NN 33912 102 43 for for IN 33912 102 44 permanence permanence NN 33912 102 45 . . . 33912 103 1 However however RB 33912 103 2 , , , 33912 103 3 the the DT 33912 103 4 aforementioned aforementioned JJ 33912 103 5 economic economic JJ 33912 103 6 factors factor NNS 33912 103 7 shortly shortly RB 33912 103 8 made make VBD 33912 103 9 obvious obvious JJ 33912 103 10 the the DT 33912 103 11 necessity necessity NN 33912 103 12 of of IN 33912 103 13 departure departure NN 33912 103 14 from from IN 33912 103 15 this this DT 33912 103 16 system system NN 33912 103 17 , , , 33912 103 18 and and CC 33912 103 19 wood wood NN 33912 103 20 was be VBD 33912 103 21 thereafter thereafter RB 33912 103 22 employed employ VBN 33912 103 23 for for IN 33912 103 24 most most JJS 33912 103 25 long long JJ 33912 103 26 spans span NNS 33912 103 27 on on IN 33912 103 28 the the DT 33912 103 29 line line NN 33912 103 30 as as RB 33912 103 31 far far RB 33912 103 32 as as IN 33912 103 33 Harpers Harpers NNP 33912 103 34 Ferry Ferry NNP 33912 103 35 and and CC 33912 103 36 beyond beyond RB 33912 103 37 . . . 33912 104 1 Only only RB 33912 104 2 the the DT 33912 104 3 most most RBS 33912 104 4 minor minor JJ 33912 104 5 culverts culvert NNS 33912 104 6 and and CC 33912 104 7 short short JJ 33912 104 8 spans span NNS 33912 104 9 , , , 33912 104 10 and and CC 33912 104 11 those those DT 33912 104 12 only only RB 33912 104 13 in in IN 33912 104 14 locations location NNS 33912 104 15 near near IN 33912 104 16 suitable suitable JJ 33912 104 17 quarries quarry NNS 33912 104 18 , , , 33912 104 19 were be VBD 33912 104 20 built build VBN 33912 104 21 of of IN 33912 104 22 stone stone NN 33912 104 23 . . . 33912 105 1 In in IN 33912 105 2 addition addition NN 33912 105 3 to to IN 33912 105 4 the the DT 33912 105 5 economic economic JJ 33912 105 6 considerations consideration NNS 33912 105 7 which which WDT 33912 105 8 prompted prompt VBD 33912 105 9 the the DT 33912 105 10 company company NN 33912 105 11 to to TO 33912 105 12 revert revert VB 33912 105 13 to to TO 33912 105 14 timber timber VB 33912 105 15 for for IN 33912 105 16 the the DT 33912 105 17 major major JJ 33912 105 18 bridges bridge NNS 33912 105 19 , , , 33912 105 20 there there EX 33912 105 21 were be VBD 33912 105 22 several several JJ 33912 105 23 situations situation NNS 33912 105 24 in in IN 33912 105 25 which which WDT 33912 105 26 masonry masonry NN 33912 105 27 construction construction NN 33912 105 28 was be VBD 33912 105 29 unsuitable unsuitable JJ 33912 105 30 for for IN 33912 105 31 practical practical JJ 33912 105 32 reasons reason NNS 33912 105 33 . . . 33912 106 1 If if IN 33912 106 2 stone stone NN 33912 106 3 arches arch NNS 33912 106 4 were be VBD 33912 106 5 used use VBN 33912 106 6 in in IN 33912 106 7 locations location NNS 33912 106 8 where where WRB 33912 106 9 the the DT 33912 106 10 grade grade NN 33912 106 11 of of IN 33912 106 12 the the DT 33912 106 13 line line NN 33912 106 14 was be VBD 33912 106 15 a a DT 33912 106 16 relatively relatively RB 33912 106 17 short short JJ 33912 106 18 distance distance NN 33912 106 19 above above IN 33912 106 20 the the DT 33912 106 21 surface surface NN 33912 106 22 of of IN 33912 106 23 the the DT 33912 106 24 stream stream NN 33912 106 25 to to TO 33912 106 26 be be VB 33912 106 27 crossed cross VBN 33912 106 28 , , , 33912 106 29 a a DT 33912 106 30 number number NN 33912 106 31 of of IN 33912 106 32 short short JJ 33912 106 33 arches arch NNS 33912 106 34 would would MD 33912 106 35 have have VB 33912 106 36 been be VBN 33912 106 37 necessary necessary JJ 33912 106 38 to to TO 33912 106 39 avoid avoid VB 33912 106 40 a a DT 33912 106 41 very very RB 33912 106 42 flat flat JJ 33912 106 43 single single JJ 33912 106 44 arch arch NN 33912 106 45 . . . 33912 107 1 In in IN 33912 107 2 arch arch JJ 33912 107 3 construction construction NN 33912 107 4 , , , 33912 107 5 the the DT 33912 107 6 smaller small JJR 33912 107 7 the the DT 33912 107 8 segment segment NN 33912 107 9 of of IN 33912 107 10 a a DT 33912 107 11 circle circle NN 33912 107 12 represented represent VBN 33912 107 13 by by IN 33912 107 14 the the DT 33912 107 15 arch arch NN 33912 107 16 ( ( -LRB- 33912 107 17 that that RB 33912 107 18 is is RB 33912 107 19 , , , 33912 107 20 the the DT 33912 107 21 flatter flat JJR 33912 107 22 the the DT 33912 107 23 arch arch NN 33912 107 24 ) ) -RRB- 33912 107 25 , , , 33912 107 26 the the DT 33912 107 27 greater great JJR 33912 107 28 the the DT 33912 107 29 stress stress NN 33912 107 30 in in IN 33912 107 31 the the DT 33912 107 32 arch arch JJ 33912 107 33 ring ring NN 33912 107 34 and and CC 33912 107 35 the the DT 33912 107 36 resulting result VBG 33912 107 37 horizontal horizontal JJ 33912 107 38 thrust thrust NN 33912 107 39 on on IN 33912 107 40 the the DT 33912 107 41 abutments abutment NNS 33912 107 42 . . . 33912 108 1 [ [ -LRB- 33912 108 2 Illustration illustration NN 33912 108 3 : : : 33912 108 4 Figure Figure NNP 33912 108 5 9.--BOLLMAN 9.--BOLLMAN NNP 33912 108 6 SKEW skew JJ 33912 108 7 BRIDGE bridge NN 33912 108 8 at at IN 33912 108 9 Elysville Elysville NNP 33912 108 10 ( ( -LRB- 33912 108 11 now now RB 33912 108 12 Daniels Daniels NNP 33912 108 13 ) ) -RRB- 33912 108 14 , , , 33912 108 15 Maryland Maryland NNP 33912 108 16 , , , 33912 108 17 built build VBN 33912 108 18 in in IN 33912 108 19 1853 1853 CD 33912 108 20 - - SYM 33912 108 21 1854 1854 CD 33912 108 22 . . . 33912 109 1 ( ( -LRB- 33912 109 2 _ _ NNP 33912 109 3 Photo Photo NNP 33912 109 4 courtesy courtesy NN 33912 109 5 of of IN 33912 109 6 Maryland Maryland NNP 33912 109 7 Historical Historical NNP 33912 109 8 Society Society NNP 33912 109 9 . . . 33912 109 10 _ _ NNP 33912 109 11 ) ) -RRB- 33912 109 12 ] ] -RRB- 33912 109 13 The the DT 33912 109 14 piers pier NNS 33912 109 15 for for IN 33912 109 16 the the DT 33912 109 17 numerous numerous JJ 33912 109 18 arches arch NNS 33912 109 19 necessary necessary JJ 33912 109 20 to to TO 33912 109 21 permit permit VB 33912 109 22 an an DT 33912 109 23 optimum optimum JJ 33912 109 24 amount amount NN 33912 109 25 of of IN 33912 109 26 rise rise NN 33912 109 27 relative relative JJ 33912 109 28 to to IN 33912 109 29 the the DT 33912 109 30 span span NN 33912 109 31 would would MD 33912 109 32 have have VB 33912 109 33 presented present VBN 33912 109 34 a a DT 33912 109 35 dangerous dangerous JJ 33912 109 36 restriction restriction NN 33912 109 37 to to TO 33912 109 38 stream stream VB 33912 109 39 flow flow NN 33912 109 40 in in IN 33912 109 41 time time NN 33912 109 42 of of IN 33912 109 43 flood flood NN 33912 109 44 . . . 33912 110 1 By by IN 33912 110 2 the the DT 33912 110 3 use use NN 33912 110 4 of of IN 33912 110 5 timber timber NN 33912 110 6 trusses truss NNS 33912 110 7 such such JJ 33912 110 8 crossings crossing NNS 33912 110 9 could could MD 33912 110 10 be be VB 33912 110 11 made make VBN 33912 110 12 in in IN 33912 110 13 one one CD 33912 110 14 or or CC 33912 110 15 two two CD 33912 110 16 spans span NNS 33912 110 17 with with IN 33912 110 18 , , , 33912 110 19 at at IN 33912 110 20 the the DT 33912 110 21 most most JJS 33912 110 22 , , , 33912 110 23 one one CD 33912 110 24 pier pier NN 33912 110 25 in in IN 33912 110 26 the the DT 33912 110 27 stream stream NN 33912 110 28 , , , 33912 110 29 thus thus RB 33912 110 30 avoiding avoid VBG 33912 110 31 the the DT 33912 110 32 problem problem NN 33912 110 33 . . . 33912 111 1 The the DT 33912 111 2 principal principal JJ 33912 111 3 timber timber NN 33912 111 4 bridges bridge NNS 33912 111 5 as as IN 33912 111 6 far far RB 33912 111 7 west west NNP 33912 111 8 as as IN 33912 111 9 Cumberland Cumberland NNP 33912 111 10 were be VBD 33912 111 11 of of IN 33912 111 12 Latrobe Latrobe NNP 33912 111 13 's 's POS 33912 111 14 design design NN 33912 111 15 . . . 33912 112 1 These these DT 33912 112 2 were be VBD 33912 112 3 good good JJ 33912 112 4 , , , 33912 112 5 solid solid JJ 33912 112 6 structures structure NNS 33912 112 7 of of IN 33912 112 8 composite composite JJ 33912 112 9 construction construction NN 33912 112 10 , , , 33912 112 11 in in IN 33912 112 12 which which WDT 33912 112 13 a a DT 33912 112 14 certain certain JJ 33912 112 15 amount amount NN 33912 112 16 of of IN 33912 112 17 cast cast NN 33912 112 18 iron iron NN 33912 112 19 was be VBD 33912 112 20 used use VBN 33912 112 21 in in IN 33912 112 22 joints joint NNS 33912 112 23 and and CC 33912 112 24 wrought work VBD 33912 112 25 iron iron NN 33912 112 26 for for IN 33912 112 27 certain certain JJ 33912 112 28 tension tension NN 33912 112 29 members member NNS 33912 112 30 . . . 33912 113 1 They -PRON- PRP 33912 113 2 were be VBD 33912 113 3 , , , 33912 113 4 however however RB 33912 113 5 , , , 33912 113 6 more more RBR 33912 113 7 empirical empirical JJ 33912 113 8 than than IN 33912 113 9 efficient efficient JJ 33912 113 10 and and CC 33912 113 11 , , , 33912 113 12 for for IN 33912 113 13 the the DT 33912 113 14 most most JJS 33912 113 15 part part NN 33912 113 16 , , , 33912 113 17 not not RB 33912 113 18 only only RB 33912 113 19 grossly grossly RB 33912 113 20 overdesigned overdesigne VBN 33912 113 21 but but CC 33912 113 22 of of IN 33912 113 23 decidedly decidedly RB 33912 113 24 difficult difficult JJ 33912 113 25 fabrication fabrication NN 33912 113 26 and and CC 33912 113 27 construction construction NN 33912 113 28 . . . 33912 114 1 What what WP 33912 114 2 is be VBZ 33912 114 3 interesting interesting JJ 33912 114 4 about about IN 33912 114 5 the the DT 33912 114 6 Latrobian latrobian JJ 33912 114 7 timber timber NN 33912 114 8 trusses truss NNS 33912 114 9 , , , 33912 114 10 however however RB 33912 114 11 , , , 33912 114 12 is be VBZ 33912 114 13 the the DT 33912 114 14 effect effect NN 33912 114 15 they -PRON- PRP 33912 114 16 appear appear VBP 33912 114 17 to to TO 33912 114 18 have have VB 33912 114 19 had have VBN 33912 114 20 upon upon IN 33912 114 21 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 114 22 's 's POS 33912 114 23 subsequent subsequent JJ 33912 114 24 work work NN 33912 114 25 in in IN 33912 114 26 the the DT 33912 114 27 design design NN 33912 114 28 of of IN 33912 114 29 his -PRON- PRP$ 33912 114 30 own own JJ 33912 114 31 truss truss NN 33912 114 32 . . . 33912 115 1 This this DT 33912 115 2 effect effect NN 33912 115 3 is be VBZ 33912 115 4 evidenced evidence VBN 33912 115 5 by by IN 33912 115 6 the the DT 33912 115 7 marked marked JJ 33912 115 8 analogy analogy NN 33912 115 9 between between IN 33912 115 10 the the DT 33912 115 11 primary primary JJ 33912 115 12 structural structural JJ 33912 115 13 elements element NNS 33912 115 14 of of IN 33912 115 15 the the DT 33912 115 16 two two CD 33912 115 17 types type NNS 33912 115 18 . . . 33912 116 1 The the DT 33912 116 2 Latrobe Latrobe NNP 33912 116 3 truss truss NN 33912 116 4 at at IN 33912 116 5 Elysville Elysville NNP 33912 116 6 ( ( -LRB- 33912 116 7 fig fig NN 33912 116 8 . . . 33912 117 1 2 2 LS 33912 117 2 ) ) -RRB- 33912 117 3 was be VBD 33912 117 4 only only RB 33912 117 5 partially partially RB 33912 117 6 a a DT 33912 117 7 truss truss NN 33912 117 8 , , , 33912 117 9 inasmuch inasmuch JJ 33912 117 10 as as IN 33912 117 11 the the DT 33912 117 12 greater great JJR 33912 117 13 part part NN 33912 117 14 of of IN 33912 117 15 the the DT 33912 117 16 load load NN 33912 117 17 was be VBD 33912 117 18 not not RB 33912 117 19 carried carry VBN 33912 117 20 from from IN 33912 117 21 panel panel NN 33912 117 22 to to IN 33912 117 23 panel panel NN 33912 117 24 , , , 33912 117 25 finally finally RB 33912 117 26 to to TO 33912 117 27 appear appear VB 33912 117 28 at at IN 33912 117 29 the the DT 33912 117 30 abutments abutment NNS 33912 117 31 as as IN 33912 117 32 a a DT 33912 117 33 pure pure JJ 33912 117 34 vertical vertical JJ 33912 117 35 reaction reaction NN 33912 117 36 , , , 33912 117 37 but but CC 33912 117 38 was be VBD 33912 117 39 carried carry VBN 33912 117 40 from from IN 33912 117 41 each each DT 33912 117 42 panel panel NN 33912 117 43 ( ( -LRB- 33912 117 44 except except IN 33912 117 45 the the DT 33912 117 46 four four CD 33912 117 47 at at IN 33912 117 48 the the DT 33912 117 49 center center NN 33912 117 50 ) ) -RRB- 33912 117 51 directly directly RB 33912 117 52 to to IN 33912 117 53 the the DT 33912 117 54 bearing bearing NN 33912 117 55 points point NNS 33912 117 56 at at IN 33912 117 57 the the DT 33912 117 58 piers pier NNS 33912 117 59 by by IN 33912 117 60 heavy heavy JJ 33912 117 61 diagonal diagonal JJ 33912 117 62 struts strut NNS 33912 117 63 , , , 33912 117 64 after after IN 33912 117 65 the the DT 33912 117 66 fashion fashion NN 33912 117 67 of of IN 33912 117 68 the the DT 33912 117 69 famous famous JJ 33912 117 70 18th 18th JJ 33912 117 71 - - HYPH 33912 117 72 century century NN 33912 117 73 Swiss swiss JJ 33912 117 74 trusses truss NNS 33912 117 75 of of IN 33912 117 76 the the DT 33912 117 77 Grubenmanns Grubenmanns NNPS 33912 117 78 . . . 33912 118 1 It -PRON- PRP 33912 118 2 was be VBD 33912 118 3 a a DT 33912 118 4 legitimate legitimate JJ 33912 118 5 structural structural JJ 33912 118 6 device device NN 33912 118 7 , , , 33912 118 8 and and CC 33912 118 9 the the DT 33912 118 10 simplest simple JJS 33912 118 11 means mean NNS 33912 118 12 of of IN 33912 118 13 extending extend VBG 33912 118 14 the the DT 33912 118 15 capacity capacity NN 33912 118 16 of of IN 33912 118 17 a a DT 33912 118 18 spanning span VBG 33912 118 19 system system NN 33912 118 20 . . . 33912 119 1 However however RB 33912 119 2 , , , 33912 119 3 it -PRON- PRP 33912 119 4 was be VBD 33912 119 5 defective defective JJ 33912 119 6 in in IN 33912 119 7 that that IN 33912 119 8 the the DT 33912 119 9 struts strut NNS 33912 119 10 applied apply VBD 33912 119 11 considerable considerable JJ 33912 119 12 horizontal horizontal JJ 33912 119 13 thrust thrust NN 33912 119 14 to to IN 33912 119 15 the the DT 33912 119 16 abutments abutment NNS 33912 119 17 , , , 33912 119 18 requiring require VBG 33912 119 19 heavier heavy JJR 33912 119 20 masonry masonry NN 33912 119 21 than than IN 33912 119 22 would would MD 33912 119 23 otherwise otherwise RB 33912 119 24 have have VB 33912 119 25 been be VBN 33912 119 26 necessary necessary JJ 33912 119 27 . . . 33912 120 1 It -PRON- PRP 33912 120 2 is be VBZ 33912 120 3 quite quite RB 33912 120 4 likely likely JJ 33912 120 5 that that IN 33912 120 6 Latrobe Latrobe NNP 33912 120 7 did do VBD 33912 120 8 not not RB 33912 120 9 have have VB 33912 120 10 absolute absolute JJ 33912 120 11 confidence confidence NN 33912 120 12 in in IN 33912 120 13 the the DT 33912 120 14 various various JJ 33912 120 15 pure pure JJ 33912 120 16 truss truss NN 33912 120 17 systems system NNS 33912 120 18 already already RB 33912 120 19 patented patent VBN 33912 120 20 by by IN 33912 120 21 Town Town NNP 33912 120 22 , , , 33912 120 23 Long Long NNP 33912 120 24 , , , 33912 120 25 and and CC 33912 120 26 others other NNS 33912 120 27 , , , 33912 120 28 and and CC 33912 120 29 preferred prefer VBN 33912 120 30 for for IN 33912 120 31 such such JJ 33912 120 32 strategic strategic JJ 33912 120 33 service service NN 33912 120 34 a a DT 33912 120 35 structure structure NN 33912 120 36 in in IN 33912 120 37 which which WDT 33912 120 38 the the DT 33912 120 39 panel panel NN 33912 120 40 members member NNS 33912 120 41 acted act VBD 33912 120 42 more more RBR 33912 120 43 or or CC 33912 120 44 less less RBR 33912 120 45 independently independently RB 33912 120 46 of of IN 33912 120 47 one one CD 33912 120 48 another another DT 33912 120 49 . . . 33912 121 1 It -PRON- PRP 33912 121 2 will will MD 33912 121 3 be be VB 33912 121 4 seen see VBN 33912 121 5 that that IN 33912 121 6 , , , 33912 121 7 similarly similarly RB 33912 121 8 , , , 33912 121 9 the the DT 33912 121 10 individual individual JJ 33912 121 11 panel panel NN 33912 121 12 loads load NNS 33912 121 13 in in IN 33912 121 14 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 121 15 's 's POS 33912 121 16 truss truss NN 33912 121 17 were be VBD 33912 121 18 carried carry VBN 33912 121 19 to to IN 33912 121 20 the the DT 33912 121 21 ends end NNS 33912 121 22 of of IN 33912 121 23 the the DT 33912 121 24 frame frame NN 33912 121 25 by by IN 33912 121 26 members member NNS 33912 121 27 acting act VBG 33912 121 28 independently independently RB 33912 121 29 of of IN 33912 121 30 one one CD 33912 121 31 another another DT 33912 121 32 . . . 33912 122 1 The the DT 33912 122 2 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 122 3 Truss Truss NNP 33912 122 4 There there EX 33912 122 5 had have VBD 33912 122 6 never never RB 33912 122 7 been be VBN 33912 122 8 any any DT 33912 122 9 question question NN 33912 122 10 about about IN 33912 122 11 the the DT 33912 122 12 many many JJ 33912 122 13 serious serious JJ 33912 122 14 inadequacies inadequacy NNS 33912 122 15 of of IN 33912 122 16 wood wood NN 33912 122 17 as as IN 33912 122 18 a a DT 33912 122 19 bridge bridge NN 33912 122 20 material material NN 33912 122 21 . . . 33912 123 1 Decay decay NN 33912 123 2 and and CC 33912 123 3 fire fire NN 33912 123 4 risk risk NN 33912 123 5 , , , 33912 123 6 always always RB 33912 123 7 present present JJ 33912 123 8 , , , 33912 123 9 were be VBD 33912 123 10 the the DT 33912 123 11 principal principal JJ 33912 123 12 ones one NNS 33912 123 13 , , , 33912 123 14 involving involve VBG 33912 123 15 continuous continuous JJ 33912 123 16 expenditure expenditure NN 33912 123 17 for for IN 33912 123 18 replacement replacement NN 33912 123 19 of of IN 33912 123 20 defective defective JJ 33912 123 21 members member NNS 33912 123 22 and and CC 33912 123 23 for for IN 33912 123 24 fire fire NN 33912 123 25 watches watch NNS 33912 123 26 . . . 33912 124 1 It -PRON- PRP 33912 124 2 was be VBD 33912 124 3 , , , 33912 124 4 in in IN 33912 124 5 fact fact NN 33912 124 6 , , , 33912 124 7 understood understand VBN 33912 124 8 by by IN 33912 124 9 the the DT 33912 124 10 management management NN 33912 124 11 and and CC 33912 124 12 engineering engineering NN 33912 124 13 staff staff NN 33912 124 14 of of IN 33912 124 15 the the DT 33912 124 16 B. B. NNP 33912 125 1 & & CC 33912 125 2 O. O. NNP 33912 125 3 that that IN 33912 125 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 33912 125 5 timber timber NN 33912 125 6 bridge bridge NN 33912 125 7 superstructures superstructure NNS 33912 125 8 , , , 33912 125 9 though though IN 33912 125 10 considered consider VBN 33912 125 11 the the DT 33912 125 12 finest fine JJS 33912 125 13 in in IN 33912 125 14 the the DT 33912 125 15 country country NN 33912 125 16 , , , 33912 125 17 were be VBD 33912 125 18 more more RBR 33912 125 19 or or CC 33912 125 20 less less RBR 33912 125 21 expedient expedient JJ 33912 125 22 and and CC 33912 125 23 were be VBD 33912 125 24 eventually eventually RB 33912 125 25 to to TO 33912 125 26 be be VB 33912 125 27 replaced replace VBN 33912 125 28 . . . 33912 126 1 In in IN 33912 126 2 this this DT 33912 126 3 regard regard NN 33912 126 4 it -PRON- PRP 33912 126 5 is be VBZ 33912 126 6 not not RB 33912 126 7 surprising surprising JJ 33912 126 8 that that IN 33912 126 9 Latrobe Latrobe NNP 33912 126 10 , , , 33912 126 11 a a DT 33912 126 12 man man NN 33912 126 13 of of IN 33912 126 14 considerable considerable JJ 33912 126 15 foresight foresight NN 33912 126 16 , , , 33912 126 17 had have VBD 33912 126 18 , , , 33912 126 19 at at IN 33912 126 20 an an DT 33912 126 21 early early JJ 33912 126 22 date date NN 33912 126 23 , , , 33912 126 24 given give VBN 33912 126 25 serious serious JJ 33912 126 26 thought thought NN 33912 126 27 to to IN 33912 126 28 the the DT 33912 126 29 possible possible JJ 33912 126 30 application application NN 33912 126 31 of of IN 33912 126 32 iron iron NN 33912 126 33 here here RB 33912 126 34 . . . 33912 127 1 [ [ -LRB- 33912 127 2 Illustration illustration NN 33912 127 3 : : : 33912 127 4 Figure figure VB 33912 127 5 10.--POTOMAC 10.--potomac CD 33912 127 6 RIVER river NN 33912 127 7 CROSSING CROSSING NNPS 33912 127 8 of of IN 33912 127 9 the the DT 33912 127 10 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 127 11 and and CC 33912 127 12 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 127 13 at at IN 33912 127 14 North North NNP 33912 127 15 Branch Branch NNP 33912 127 16 , , , 33912 127 17 Maryland Maryland NNP 33912 127 18 , , , 33912 127 19 built build VBN 33912 127 20 in in IN 33912 127 21 1856 1856 CD 33912 127 22 . . . 33912 128 1 There there EX 33912 128 2 are be VBP 33912 128 3 three three CD 33912 128 4 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 128 5 deck deck NN 33912 128 6 trusses truss NNS 33912 128 7 . . . 33912 129 1 ( ( -LRB- 33912 129 2 _ _ NNP 33912 129 3 Photo Photo NNP 33912 129 4 courtesy courtesy NN 33912 129 5 of of IN 33912 129 6 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 129 7 and and CC 33912 129 8 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 129 9 Railroad Railroad NNP 33912 129 10 . . . 33912 129 11 _ _ NNP 33912 129 12 ) ) -RRB- 33912 129 13 ] ] -RRB- 33912 129 14 [ [ -LRB- 33912 129 15 Illustration illustration NN 33912 129 16 : : : 33912 129 17 Figure figure NN 33912 129 18 11.--THE 11.--the CD 33912 129 19 FINK FINK NNP 33912 129 20 TRUSS TRUSS NNP 33912 129 21 . . . 33912 130 1 ( ( -LRB- 33912 130 2 _ _ NNP 33912 130 3 Smithsonian Smithsonian NNP 33912 130 4 photo photo NN 33912 130 5 41436 41436 CD 33912 130 6 . . . 33912 130 7 _ _ NNP 33912 130 8 ) ) -RRB- 33912 130 9 ] ] -RRB- 33912 130 10 [ [ -LRB- 33912 130 11 Illustration illustration NN 33912 130 12 : : : 33912 130 13 WENDEL WENDEL NNP 33912 130 14 BOLLMAN BOLLMAN NNP 33912 130 15 'S 's POS 33912 130 16 Patent Patent NNP 33912 130 17 Iron Iron NNP 33912 130 18 Suspension Suspension NNP 33912 130 19 Railroad Railroad NNP 33912 130 20 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 130 21 . . . 33912 131 1 The the DT 33912 131 2 undersigned undersigned JJ 33912 131 3 would would MD 33912 131 4 inform inform VB 33912 131 5 the the DT 33912 131 6 officers officer NNS 33912 131 7 of of IN 33912 131 8 Railroads railroad NNS 33912 131 9 and and CC 33912 131 10 others other NNS 33912 131 11 , , , 33912 131 12 that that IN 33912 131 13 he -PRON- PRP 33912 131 14 is be VBZ 33912 131 15 prepared prepared JJ 33912 131 16 to to TO 33912 131 17 furnish furnish VB 33912 131 18 Drawings drawing NNS 33912 131 19 and and CC 33912 131 20 Estimates Estimates NNPS 33912 131 21 for for IN 33912 131 22 Bridges Bridges NNPS 33912 131 23 , , , 33912 131 24 Roofs Roofs NNP 33912 131 25 , , , 33912 131 26 etc etc FW 33912 131 27 . . NN 33912 131 28 , , , 33912 131 29 on on IN 33912 131 30 the the DT 33912 131 31 plan plan NN 33912 131 32 of of IN 33912 131 33 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 131 34 's 's POS 33912 131 35 Patent Patent NNP 33912 131 36 . . . 33912 132 1 The the DT 33912 132 2 performance performance NN 33912 132 3 of of IN 33912 132 4 these these DT 33912 132 5 bridges bridge NNS 33912 132 6 , , , 33912 132 7 some some DT 33912 132 8 of of IN 33912 132 9 which which WDT 33912 132 10 have have VBP 33912 132 11 been be VBN 33912 132 12 in in IN 33912 132 13 use use NN 33912 132 14 for for IN 33912 132 15 six six CD 33912 132 16 years year NNS 33912 132 17 , , , 33912 132 18 has have VBZ 33912 132 19 given give VBN 33912 132 20 entire entire JJ 33912 132 21 satisfaction satisfaction NN 33912 132 22 . . . 33912 133 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 33912 133 2 simplicity simplicity NN 33912 133 3 of of IN 33912 133 4 construction construction NN 33912 133 5 renders render VBZ 33912 133 6 repairs repair VBZ 33912 133 7 easy easy JJ 33912 133 8 and and CC 33912 133 9 cheap cheap JJ 33912 133 10 , , , 33912 133 11 and and CC 33912 133 12 by by IN 33912 133 13 a a DT 33912 133 14 peculiar peculiar JJ 33912 133 15 connection connection NN 33912 133 16 of of IN 33912 133 17 the the DT 33912 133 18 Main Main NNP 33912 133 19 and and CC 33912 133 20 Panel Panel NNP 33912 133 21 Rods Rods NNP 33912 133 22 at at IN 33912 133 23 the the DT 33912 133 24 bottom bottom NN 33912 133 25 of of IN 33912 133 26 the the DT 33912 133 27 Posts Posts NNPS 33912 133 28 , , , 33912 133 29 all all DT 33912 133 30 danger danger NN 33912 133 31 from from IN 33912 133 32 the the DT 33912 133 33 effects effect NNS 33912 133 34 of of IN 33912 133 35 expansion expansion NN 33912 133 36 , , , 33912 133 37 which which WDT 33912 133 38 has have VBZ 33912 133 39 heretofore heretofore RB 33912 133 40 been be VBN 33912 133 41 the the DT 33912 133 42 chief chief JJ 33912 133 43 objection objection NN 33912 133 44 to to IN 33912 133 45 Iron Iron NNP 33912 133 46 Bridges Bridges NNP 33912 133 47 , , , 33912 133 48 is be VBZ 33912 133 49 entirely entirely RB 33912 133 50 removed remove VBN 33912 133 51 . . . 33912 134 1 J. J. NNP 33912 134 2 H. H. NNP 33912 134 3 TEGMEYER TEGMEYER NNP 33912 134 4 , , , 33912 134 5 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 134 6 , , , 33912 134 7 Md. Md. NNP 33912 135 1 Figure figure NN 33912 135 2 12.--ADVERTISEMENT 12.--ADVERTISEMENT VBN 33912 135 3 in in IN 33912 135 4 the the DT 33912 135 5 _ _ NNP 33912 135 6 Railroad Railroad NNP 33912 135 7 Advocate Advocate NNP 33912 135 8 _ _ NNP 33912 135 9 , , , 33912 135 10 August August NNP 33912 135 11 1855 1855 CD 33912 135 12 . . . 33912 135 13 ] ] -RRB- 33912 136 1 The the DT 33912 136 2 world world NN 33912 136 3 's 's POS 33912 136 4 first first JJ 33912 136 5 major major JJ 33912 136 6 iron iron NN 33912 136 7 bridge bridge NN 33912 136 8 , , , 33912 136 9 the the DT 33912 136 10 famed famed JJ 33912 136 11 cast cast NN 33912 136 12 - - HYPH 33912 136 13 iron iron NN 33912 136 14 arch arch NN 33912 136 15 at at IN 33912 136 16 Coalbrookdale Coalbrookdale NNP 33912 136 17 , , , 33912 136 18 England England NNP 33912 136 19 , , , 33912 136 20 had have VBD 33912 136 21 been be VBN 33912 136 22 constructed construct VBN 33912 136 23 in in IN 33912 136 24 1779 1779 CD 33912 136 25 . . . 33912 137 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 33912 137 2 erection erection NN 33912 137 3 was be VBD 33912 137 4 followed follow VBN 33912 137 5 by by IN 33912 137 6 rather rather RB 33912 137 7 sporadic sporadic JJ 33912 137 8 interest interest NN 33912 137 9 in in IN 33912 137 10 this this DT 33912 137 11 use use NN 33912 137 12 of of IN 33912 137 13 the the DT 33912 137 14 material material NN 33912 137 15 . . . 33912 138 1 The the DT 33912 138 2 first first JJ 33912 138 3 significant significant JJ 33912 138 4 use use NN 33912 138 5 of of IN 33912 138 6 iron iron NN 33912 138 7 in in IN 33912 138 8 this this DT 33912 138 9 country country NN 33912 138 10 was be VBD 33912 138 11 in in IN 33912 138 12 a a DT 33912 138 13 series series NN 33912 138 14 of of IN 33912 138 15 small small JJ 33912 138 16 trussed trussed JJ 33912 138 17 highway highway NN 33912 138 18 arches arch NNS 33912 138 19 erected erect VBN 33912 138 20 by by IN 33912 138 21 Squire Squire NNP 33912 138 22 Whipple Whipple NNP 33912 138 23 over over IN 33912 138 24 the the DT 33912 138 25 Erie Erie NNP 33912 138 26 Canal Canal NNP 33912 138 27 in in IN 33912 138 28 the the DT 33912 138 29 early early JJ 33912 138 30 1840 1840 CD 33912 138 31 's 's POS 33912 138 32 , , , 33912 138 33 over over IN 33912 138 34 60 60 CD 33912 138 35 years year NNS 33912 138 36 later later RB 33912 138 37 . . . 33912 139 1 In in IN 33912 139 2 these these DT 33912 139 3 , , , 33912 139 4 as as IN 33912 139 5 in in IN 33912 139 6 most most JJS 33912 139 7 of of IN 33912 139 8 the the DT 33912 139 9 earlier early JJR 33912 139 10 iron iron NN 33912 139 11 structures structure NNS 33912 139 12 , , , 33912 139 13 an an DT 33912 139 14 arch arch NN 33912 139 15 of of IN 33912 139 16 cast cast NN 33912 139 17 iron iron NN 33912 139 18 was be VBD 33912 139 19 the the DT 33912 139 20 primary primary JJ 33912 139 21 support support NN 33912 139 22 . . . 33912 140 1 The the DT 33912 140 2 thrust thrust NN 33912 140 3 of of IN 33912 140 4 the the DT 33912 140 5 arches arch NNS 33912 140 6 was be VBD 33912 140 7 counteracted counteract VBN 33912 140 8 by by IN 33912 140 9 open open JJ 33912 140 10 wrought wrought NN 33912 140 11 - - HYPH 33912 140 12 iron iron NN 33912 140 13 links link NNS 33912 140 14 with with IN 33912 140 15 other other JJ 33912 140 16 wrought- wrought- NN 33912 140 17 and and CC 33912 140 18 cast cast VBN 33912 140 19 - - HYPH 33912 140 20 iron iron NN 33912 140 21 members member NNS 33912 140 22 contributing contribute VBG 33912 140 23 to to IN 33912 140 24 the the DT 33912 140 25 truss truss NN 33912 140 26 action action NN 33912 140 27 . . . 33912 141 1 The the DT 33912 141 2 Whipple Whipple NNP 33912 141 3 bridges bridge NNS 33912 141 4 promoted promote VBD 33912 141 5 a a DT 33912 141 6 certain certain JJ 33912 141 7 amount amount NN 33912 141 8 of of IN 33912 141 9 interest interest NN 33912 141 10 in in IN 33912 141 11 the the DT 33912 141 12 material material NN 33912 141 13 . . . 33912 142 1 In in IN 33912 142 2 the the DT 33912 142 3 B. B. NNP 33912 143 1 & & CC 33912 143 2 O. O. NNP 33912 144 1 's 's POS 33912 144 2 annual annual JJ 33912 144 3 report report NN 33912 144 4 for for IN 33912 144 5 the the DT 33912 144 6 fiscal fiscal JJ 33912 144 7 year year NN 33912 144 8 1849 1849 CD 33912 144 9 appears appear VBZ 33912 144 10 the the DT 33912 144 11 first first JJ 33912 144 12 record record NN 33912 144 13 of of IN 33912 144 14 Latrobe Latrobe NNP 33912 144 15 's 's POS 33912 144 16 interest interest NN 33912 144 17 in in IN 33912 144 18 this this DT 33912 144 19 important important JJ 33912 144 20 matter matter NN 33912 144 21 . . . 33912 145 1 In in IN 33912 145 2 the the DT 33912 145 3 president president NN 33912 145 4 's 's POS 33912 145 5 message message NN 33912 145 6 is be VBZ 33912 145 7 found find VBN 33912 145 8 the the DT 33912 145 9 following following NN 33912 145 10 , , , 33912 145 11 rather rather RB 33912 145 12 offhand offhand JJ 33912 145 13 , , , 33912 145 14 statement statement NN 33912 145 15 : : : 33912 145 16 $ $ $ 33912 145 17 6,183.19 6,183.19 CD 33912 145 18 have have VBP 33912 145 19 been be VBN 33912 145 20 expended expend VBN 33912 145 21 toward toward IN 33912 145 22 the the DT 33912 145 23 renewal renewal NN 33912 145 24 of of IN 33912 145 25 the the DT 33912 145 26 Stone Stone NNP 33912 145 27 Bridges Bridges NNPS 33912 145 28 on on IN 33912 145 29 the the DT 33912 145 30 Washington Washington NNP 33912 145 31 Branch Branch NNP 33912 145 32 , , , 33912 145 33 carried carry VBD 33912 145 34 off off RP 33912 145 35 by by IN 33912 145 36 the the DT 33912 145 37 flood flood NN 33912 145 38 of of IN 33912 145 39 Oct. October NNP 33912 145 40 7th 7th NN 33912 145 41 , , , 33912 145 42 1847 1847 CD 33912 145 43 . . . 33912 146 1 Preparations preparation NNS 33912 146 2 are be VBP 33912 146 3 made make VBN 33912 146 4 and and CC 33912 146 5 contracts contract NNS 33912 146 6 entered enter VBN 33912 146 7 into into IN 33912 146 8 , , , 33912 146 9 for for IN 33912 146 10 the the DT 33912 146 11 reconstruction reconstruction NN 33912 146 12 of of IN 33912 146 13 the the DT 33912 146 14 large large JJ 33912 146 15 Bridges bridge NNS 33912 146 16 at at IN 33912 146 17 Little little JJ 33912 146 18 Patuxent Patuxent NNP 33912 146 19 and and CC 33912 146 20 at at IN 33912 146 21 Bladensburg Bladensburg NNP 33912 146 22 which which WDT 33912 146 23 will will MD 33912 146 24 be be VB 33912 146 25 executed execute VBN 33912 146 26 in in IN 33912 146 27 a a DT 33912 146 28 few few JJ 33912 146 29 months month NNS 33912 146 30 .... .... . 33912 147 1 It -PRON- PRP 33912 147 2 is be VBZ 33912 147 3 proposed propose VBN 33912 147 4 to to TO 33912 147 5 erect erect VB 33912 147 6 a a DT 33912 147 7 superstructure superstructure NN 33912 147 8 of of IN 33912 147 9 Iron Iron NNP 33912 147 10 upon upon IN 33912 147 11 stone stone NN 33912 147 12 abutments abutment NNS 33912 147 13 , , , 33912 147 14 at at IN 33912 147 15 each each DT 33912 147 16 place place NN 33912 147 17 -- -- : 33912 147 18 with with IN 33912 147 19 increased increase VBN 33912 147 20 span span NN 33912 147 21 , , , 33912 147 22 for for IN 33912 147 23 greater great JJR 33912 147 24 security security NN 33912 147 25 against against IN 33912 147 26 future future JJ 33912 147 27 floods flood NNS 33912 147 28 . . . 33912 148 1 It -PRON- PRP 33912 148 2 is be VBZ 33912 148 3 interesting interesting JJ 33912 148 4 to to TO 33912 148 5 note note VB 33912 148 6 that that IN 33912 148 7 it -PRON- PRP 33912 148 8 was be VBD 33912 148 9 indeed indeed RB 33912 148 10 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 148 11 trusses truss VBZ 33912 148 12 to to TO 33912 148 13 which which WDT 33912 148 14 the the DT 33912 148 15 president president NN 33912 148 16 of of IN 33912 148 17 the the DT 33912 148 18 railroad railroad NN 33912 148 19 had have VBD 33912 148 20 referred refer VBN 33912 148 21 . . . 33912 149 1 How how WRB 33912 149 2 much much RB 33912 149 3 earlier early RBR 33912 149 4 than than IN 33912 149 5 this this DT 33912 149 6 date date NN 33912 149 7 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 149 8 had have VBD 33912 149 9 evolved evolve VBN 33912 149 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 33912 149 11 peculiar peculiar JJ 33912 149 12 trussing trussing JJ 33912 149 13 system system NN 33912 149 14 is be VBZ 33912 149 15 not not RB 33912 149 16 clear clear JJ 33912 149 17 . . . 33912 150 1 The the DT 33912 150 2 certain certain JJ 33912 150 3 influence influence NN 33912 150 4 of of IN 33912 150 5 Latrobe Latrobe NNP 33912 150 6 's 's POS 33912 150 7 radiating radiate VBG 33912 150 8 strut strut NN 33912 150 9 system system NN 33912 150 10 of of IN 33912 150 11 trussing trussing NN 33912 150 12 has have VBZ 33912 150 13 been be VBN 33912 150 14 mentioned mention VBN 33912 150 15 . . . 33912 151 1 As as IN 33912 151 2 likely likely RB 33912 151 3 an an DT 33912 151 4 influence influence NN 33912 151 5 was be VBD 33912 151 6 another another DT 33912 151 7 basic basic JJ 33912 151 8 technique technique NN 33912 151 9 commonly commonly RB 33912 151 10 used use VBN 33912 151 11 to to TO 33912 151 12 increase increase VB 33912 151 13 the the DT 33912 151 14 capacity capacity NN 33912 151 15 of of IN 33912 151 16 a a DT 33912 151 17 simple simple JJ 33912 151 18 timber timber NN 33912 151 19 beam beam NN 33912 151 20 -- -- : 33912 151 21 that that IN 33912 151 22 of of IN 33912 151 23 trussing trussing JJ 33912 151 24 -- -- : 33912 151 25 i.e i.e NNP 33912 151 26 . . NNP 33912 151 27 , , , 33912 151 28 placing place VBG 33912 151 29 beneath beneath IN 33912 151 30 the the DT 33912 151 31 beam beam NN 33912 151 32 a a DT 33912 151 33 rod rod NN 33912 151 34 of of IN 33912 151 35 iron iron NN 33912 151 36 that that WDT 33912 151 37 was be VBD 33912 151 38 anchored anchor VBN 33912 151 39 at at IN 33912 151 40 the the DT 33912 151 41 ends end NNS 33912 151 42 of of IN 33912 151 43 the the DT 33912 151 44 beam beam NN 33912 151 45 and and CC 33912 151 46 held hold VBD 33912 151 47 a a DT 33912 151 48 certain certain JJ 33912 151 49 distance distance NN 33912 151 50 below below IN 33912 151 51 it -PRON- PRP 33912 151 52 at at IN 33912 151 53 the the DT 33912 151 54 center center NN 33912 151 55 by by IN 33912 151 56 a a DT 33912 151 57 vertical vertical JJ 33912 151 58 strut strut NN 33912 151 59 or or CC 33912 151 60 post post NN 33912 151 61 . . . 33912 152 1 This this DT 33912 152 2 combination combination NN 33912 152 3 thus thus RB 33912 152 4 became become VBD 33912 152 5 a a DT 33912 152 6 truss truss NN 33912 152 7 in in IN 33912 152 8 that that DT 33912 152 9 the the DT 33912 152 10 timber timber NN 33912 152 11 portion portion NN 33912 152 12 was be VBD 33912 152 13 no no RB 33912 152 14 longer long RBR 33912 152 15 subject subject JJ 33912 152 16 to to IN 33912 152 17 a a DT 33912 152 18 bending bend VBG 33912 152 19 stress stress NN 33912 152 20 but but CC 33912 152 21 to to IN 33912 152 22 a a DT 33912 152 23 simple simple JJ 33912 152 24 one one CD 33912 152 25 of of IN 33912 152 26 compression compression NN 33912 152 27 , , , 33912 152 28 the the DT 33912 152 29 rod rod NN 33912 152 30 absorbing absorb VBG 33912 152 31 the the DT 33912 152 32 tensile tensile JJ 33912 152 33 stress stress NN 33912 152 34 of of IN 33912 152 35 the the DT 33912 152 36 combination combination NN 33912 152 37 . . . 33912 153 1 The the DT 33912 153 2 effect effect NN 33912 153 3 was be VBD 33912 153 4 to to TO 33912 153 5 deepen deepen VB 33912 153 6 the the DT 33912 153 7 beam beam NN 33912 153 8 , , , 33912 153 9 increasing increase VBG 33912 153 10 the the DT 33912 153 11 distance distance NN 33912 153 12 between between IN 33912 153 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 33912 153 14 extreme extreme JJ 33912 153 15 fibers fiber NNS 33912 153 16 and and CC 33912 153 17 -- -- : 33912 153 18 by by IN 33912 153 19 thus thus RB 33912 153 20 reducing reduce VBG 33912 153 21 the the DT 33912 153 22 bending bend VBG 33912 153 23 moment moment NN 33912 153 24 -- -- : 33912 153 25 reducing reduce VBG 33912 153 26 the the DT 33912 153 27 stress stress NN 33912 153 28 in in IN 33912 153 29 them -PRON- PRP 33912 153 30 ( ( -LRB- 33912 153 31 see see VB 33912 153 32 fig fig NN 33912 153 33 . . . 33912 154 1 3 3 LS 33912 154 2 ) ) -RRB- 33912 154 3 . . . 33912 155 1 [ [ -LRB- 33912 155 2 Illustration illustration NN 33912 155 3 : : : 33912 155 4 Figure figure NN 33912 155 5 13.--THE 13.--the CD 33912 155 6 FOUR four CD 33912 155 7 BOLLMAN BOLLMAN NNP 33912 155 8 SPANS span NNS 33912 155 9 at at IN 33912 155 10 Harpers Harpers NNP 33912 155 11 Ferry Ferry NNP 33912 155 12 that that WDT 33912 155 13 survived survive VBD 33912 155 14 the the DT 33912 155 15 Civil Civil NNP 33912 155 16 War War NNP 33912 155 17 . . . 33912 156 1 The the DT 33912 156 2 spans span NNS 33912 156 3 were be VBD 33912 156 4 completed complete VBN 33912 156 5 in in IN 33912 156 6 1862 1862 CD 33912 156 7 - - SYM 33912 156 8 1863 1863 CD 33912 156 9 . . . 33912 157 1 ( ( -LRB- 33912 157 2 _ _ NNP 33912 157 3 Photo Photo NNP 33912 157 4 courtesy courtesy NN 33912 157 5 of of IN 33912 157 6 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 157 7 and and CC 33912 157 8 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 157 9 Railroad Railroad NNP 33912 157 10 . . . 33912 157 11 _ _ NNP 33912 157 12 ) ) -RRB- 33912 157 13 ] ] -RRB- 33912 157 14 It -PRON- PRP 33912 157 15 apparently apparently RB 33912 157 16 occurred occur VBD 33912 157 17 to to IN 33912 157 18 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 157 19 that that IN 33912 157 20 by by IN 33912 157 21 extending extend VBG 33912 157 22 the the DT 33912 157 23 number number NN 33912 157 24 of of IN 33912 157 25 rods rod NNS 33912 157 26 in in IN 33912 157 27 a a DT 33912 157 28 longitudinal longitudinal JJ 33912 157 29 direction direction NN 33912 157 30 , , , 33912 157 31 this this DT 33912 157 32 effect effect NN 33912 157 33 could could MD 33912 157 34 be be VB 33912 157 35 practically practically RB 33912 157 36 amplified amplify VBN 33912 157 37 to to IN 33912 157 38 such such PDT 33912 157 39 an an DT 33912 157 40 extent extent NN 33912 157 41 as as IN 33912 157 42 to to TO 33912 157 43 be be VB 33912 157 44 capable capable JJ 33912 157 45 of of IN 33912 157 46 spanning span VBG 33912 157 47 considerable considerable JJ 33912 157 48 distances distance NNS 33912 157 49 . . . 33912 158 1 He -PRON- PRP 33912 158 2 almost almost RB 33912 158 3 certainly certainly RB 33912 158 4 did do VBD 33912 158 5 not not RB 33912 158 6 at at IN 33912 158 7 first first RB 33912 158 8 contemplate contemplate VB 33912 158 9 an an DT 33912 158 10 all all RB 33912 158 11 - - HYPH 33912 158 12 iron iron NN 33912 158 13 system system NN 33912 158 14 , , , 33912 158 15 but but CC 33912 158 16 rather rather RB 33912 158 17 a a DT 33912 158 18 composite composite JJ 33912 158 19 one one NN 33912 158 20 such such JJ 33912 158 21 as as IN 33912 158 22 described describe VBN 33912 158 23 . . . 33912 159 1 It -PRON- PRP 33912 159 2 is be VBZ 33912 159 3 entirely entirely RB 33912 159 4 likely likely JJ 33912 159 5 that that IN 33912 159 6 such such JJ 33912 159 7 trussed trussed JJ 33912 159 8 beams beam NNS 33912 159 9 , , , 33912 159 10 with with IN 33912 159 11 multiple multiple JJ 33912 159 12 systems system NNS 33912 159 13 of of IN 33912 159 14 tension tension NN 33912 159 15 rods rod NNS 33912 159 16 , , , 33912 159 17 were be VBD 33912 159 18 used use VBN 33912 159 19 by by IN 33912 159 20 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 159 21 as as IN 33912 159 22 bridging bridge VBG 33912 159 23 in in IN 33912 159 24 temporary temporary JJ 33912 159 25 trestlework trestlework NN 33912 159 26 along along IN 33912 159 27 the the DT 33912 159 28 line line NN 33912 159 29 as as RB 33912 159 30 early early RB 33912 159 31 as as IN 33912 159 32 1845 1845 CD 33912 159 33 ( ( -LRB- 33912 159 34 see see UH 33912 159 35 fig fig NN 33912 159 36 . . . 33912 160 1 4 4 LS 33912 160 2 ) ) -RRB- 33912 160 3 . . . 33912 161 1 It -PRON- PRP 33912 161 2 is be VBZ 33912 161 3 impossible impossible JJ 33912 161 4 to to TO 33912 161 5 say say VB 33912 161 6 whether whether IN 33912 161 7 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 161 8 himself -PRON- PRP 33912 161 9 , , , 33912 161 10 or or CC 33912 161 11 Latrobe Latrobe NNP 33912 161 12 , , , 33912 161 13 was be VBD 33912 161 14 struck strike VBN 33912 161 15 with with IN 33912 161 16 the the DT 33912 161 17 logic logic NN 33912 161 18 of of IN 33912 161 19 further further RB 33912 161 20 elaborating elaborate VBG 33912 161 21 upon upon IN 33912 161 22 the the DT 33912 161 23 system system NN 33912 161 24 and and CC 33912 161 25 , , , 33912 161 26 simultaneously simultaneously RB 33912 161 27 , , , 33912 161 28 translating translate VBG 33912 161 29 the the DT 33912 161 30 timber timber NN 33912 161 31 compression compression NN 33912 161 32 member member NN 33912 161 33 into into IN 33912 161 34 one one CD 33912 161 35 of of IN 33912 161 36 cast cast NN 33912 161 37 iron iron NN 33912 161 38 . . . 33912 162 1 Cast Cast VBN 33912 162 2 iron iron NN 33912 162 3 would would MD 33912 162 4 naturally naturally RB 33912 162 5 have have VB 33912 162 6 been be VBN 33912 162 7 selected select VBN 33912 162 8 for for IN 33912 162 9 a a DT 33912 162 10 member member NN 33912 162 11 that that WDT 33912 162 12 resisted resist VBD 33912 162 13 a a DT 33912 162 14 compressive compressive JJ 33912 162 15 stress stress NN 33912 162 16 , , , 33912 162 17 as as IN 33912 162 18 it -PRON- PRP 33912 162 19 was be VBD 33912 162 20 considerably considerably RB 33912 162 21 cheaper cheap JJR 33912 162 22 than than IN 33912 162 23 wrought wrought JJ 33912 162 24 iron iron NN 33912 162 25 . . . 33912 163 1 But but CC 33912 163 2 more more RBR 33912 163 3 important important JJ 33912 163 4 , , , 33912 163 5 at at IN 33912 163 6 that that DT 33912 163 7 time time NN 33912 163 8 wrought work VBD 33912 163 9 iron iron NN 33912 163 10 was be VBD 33912 163 11 not not RB 33912 163 12 available available JJ 33912 163 13 in in IN 33912 163 14 shapes shape NNS 33912 163 15 of of IN 33912 163 16 sufficient sufficient JJ 33912 163 17 sectional sectional JJ 33912 163 18 area area NN 33912 163 19 to to TO 33912 163 20 resist resist VB 33912 163 21 the the DT 33912 163 22 appreciable appreciable JJ 33912 163 23 buckling buckling NN 33912 163 24 stresses stress NNS 33912 163 25 induced induce VBN 33912 163 26 in in IN 33912 163 27 long long JJ 33912 163 28 compression compression NN 33912 163 29 members member NNS 33912 163 30 . . . 33912 164 1 The the DT 33912 164 2 cost cost NN 33912 164 3 of of IN 33912 164 4 building build VBG 33912 164 5 up up RP 33912 164 6 members member NNS 33912 164 7 to to IN 33912 164 8 sufficient sufficient JJ 33912 164 9 size size NN 33912 164 10 from from IN 33912 164 11 the the DT 33912 164 12 very very RB 33912 164 13 limited limited JJ 33912 164 14 selection selection NN 33912 164 15 of of IN 33912 164 16 small small JJ 33912 164 17 shapes shape NNS 33912 164 18 then then RB 33912 164 19 rolled roll VBD 33912 164 20 would would MD 33912 164 21 have have VB 33912 164 22 been be VBN 33912 164 23 prohibitive prohibitive JJ 33912 164 24 . . . 33912 165 1 The the DT 33912 165 2 trussing truss VBG 33912 165 3 rods rod NNS 33912 165 4 , , , 33912 165 5 subjected subject VBN 33912 165 6 to to IN 33912 165 7 tension tension NN 33912 165 8 , , , 33912 165 9 were be VBD 33912 165 10 of of IN 33912 165 11 wrought wrought NN 33912 165 12 iron iron NN 33912 165 13 inasmuch inasmuch NN 33912 165 14 as as IN 33912 165 15 the the DT 33912 165 16 sectional sectional JJ 33912 165 17 area area NN 33912 165 18 had have VBD 33912 165 19 only only RB 33912 165 20 to to TO 33912 165 21 be be VB 33912 165 22 sufficient sufficient JJ 33912 165 23 to to TO 33912 165 24 resist resist VB 33912 165 25 the the DT 33912 165 26 primary primary JJ 33912 165 27 axial axial JJ 33912 165 28 stress stress NN 33912 165 29 . . . 33912 166 1 The the DT 33912 166 2 first first JJ 33912 166 3 all all DT 33912 166 4 - - HYPH 33912 166 5 iron iron NN 33912 166 6 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 166 7 truss truss NN 33912 166 8 was be VBD 33912 166 9 constructed construct VBN 33912 166 10 over over IN 33912 166 11 the the DT 33912 166 12 Little Little NNP 33912 166 13 Patuxent Patuxent NNP 33912 166 14 River River NNP 33912 166 15 at at IN 33912 166 16 Savage Savage NNP 33912 166 17 Factory Factory NNP 33912 166 18 , , , 33912 166 19 near near IN 33912 166 20 Laurel Laurel NNP 33912 166 21 , , , 33912 166 22 Maryland Maryland NNP 33912 166 23 , , , 33912 166 24 in in IN 33912 166 25 1850 1850 CD 33912 166 26 . . . 33912 167 1 In in IN 33912 167 2 the the DT 33912 167 3 chief chief JJ 33912 167 4 engineer engineer NN 33912 167 5 's 's POS 33912 167 6 report report NN 33912 167 7 for for IN 33912 167 8 the the DT 33912 167 9 year year NN 33912 167 10 1850 1850 CD 33912 167 11 , , , 33912 167 12 Latrobe Latrobe NNP 33912 167 13 was be VBD 33912 167 14 able able JJ 33912 167 15 to to TO 33912 167 16 state state VB 33912 167 17 that that IN 33912 167 18 the the DT 33912 167 19 truss truss NN 33912 167 20 had have VBD 33912 167 21 been be VBN 33912 167 22 completed complete VBN 33912 167 23 and and CC 33912 167 24 was be VBD 33912 167 25 giving give VBG 33912 167 26 " " `` 33912 167 27 much much JJ 33912 167 28 satisfaction satisfaction NN 33912 167 29 . . . 33912 167 30 " " '' 33912 168 1 He -PRON- PRP 33912 168 2 went go VBD 33912 168 3 on on RP 33912 168 4 at at IN 33912 168 5 some some DT 33912 168 6 length length NN 33912 168 7 to to TO 33912 168 8 praise praise VB 33912 168 9 the the DT 33912 168 10 " " `` 33912 168 11 valuable valuable JJ 33912 168 12 mechanical mechanical JJ 33912 168 13 features feature NNS 33912 168 14 " " `` 33912 168 15 embodied embody VBN 33912 168 16 therein therein RB 33912 168 17 , , , 33912 168 18 and and CC 33912 168 19 expressed express VBD 33912 168 20 great great JJ 33912 168 21 confidence confidence NN 33912 168 22 that that DT 33912 168 23 iron iron NN 33912 168 24 would would MD 33912 168 25 become become VB 33912 168 26 as as RB 33912 168 27 important important JJ 33912 168 28 a a DT 33912 168 29 material material NN 33912 168 30 in in IN 33912 168 31 the the DT 33912 168 32 field field NN 33912 168 33 of of IN 33912 168 34 civil civil JJ 33912 168 35 engineering engineering NN 33912 168 36 as as IN 33912 168 37 it -PRON- PRP 33912 168 38 was be VBD 33912 168 39 in in IN 33912 168 40 mechanical mechanical JJ 33912 168 41 engineering engineering NN 33912 168 42 . . . 33912 169 1 [ [ -LRB- 33912 169 2 Illustration illustration NN 33912 169 3 : : : 33912 169 4 Figure figure NN 33912 169 5 14.--THE 14.--the CD 33912 169 6 HARPERS HARPERS NNP 33912 169 7 FERRY FERRY NNP 33912 169 8 BRIDGE BRIDGE NNP 33912 169 9 as as IN 33912 169 10 completed complete VBN 33912 169 11 after after IN 33912 169 12 the the DT 33912 169 13 Civil Civil NNP 33912 169 14 War War NNP 33912 169 15 . . . 33912 170 1 It -PRON- PRP 33912 170 2 was be VBD 33912 170 3 used use VBN 33912 170 4 by by IN 33912 170 5 the the DT 33912 170 6 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 170 7 and and CC 33912 170 8 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 170 9 until until IN 33912 170 10 1894 1894 CD 33912 170 11 , , , 33912 170 12 and and CC 33912 170 13 as as IN 33912 170 14 a a DT 33912 170 15 highway highway NN 33912 170 16 bridge bridge NN 33912 170 17 until until IN 33912 170 18 1936 1936 CD 33912 170 19 . . . 33912 171 1 ( ( -LRB- 33912 171 2 Photo photo NN 33912 171 3 690 690 CD 33912 171 4 , , , 33912 171 5 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 171 6 and and CC 33912 171 7 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 171 8 Collection Collection NNP 33912 171 9 , , , 33912 171 10 Museum Museum NNP 33912 171 11 of of IN 33912 171 12 History History NNP 33912 171 13 and and CC 33912 171 14 Technology Technology NNP 33912 171 15 . . . 33912 171 16 ) ) -RRB- 33912 171 17 ] ] -RRB- 33912 172 1 The the DT 33912 172 2 cost cost NN 33912 172 3 of of IN 33912 172 4 this this DT 33912 172 5 first first JJ 33912 172 6 major major JJ 33912 172 7 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 172 8 bridge bridge NN 33912 172 9 was be VBD 33912 172 10 $ $ $ 33912 172 11 23,825.00 23,825.00 CD 33912 172 12 . . . 33912 173 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 33912 173 2 span span NN 33912 173 3 was be VBD 33912 173 4 76 76 CD 33912 173 5 feet foot NNS 33912 173 6 . . . 33912 174 1 Latrobe Latrobe NNP 33912 174 2 's 's POS 33912 174 3 confidence confidence NN 33912 174 4 was be VBD 33912 174 5 well well RB 33912 174 6 placed place VBN 33912 174 7 . . . 33912 175 1 The the DT 33912 175 2 Savage Savage NNP 33912 175 3 span span NN 33912 175 4 and and CC 33912 175 5 another another DT 33912 175 6 at at IN 33912 175 7 Bladensburg Bladensburg NNP 33912 175 8 may may MD 33912 175 9 be be VB 33912 175 10 considered consider VBN 33912 175 11 successful successful JJ 33912 175 12 pilot pilot NN 33912 175 13 models model NNS 33912 175 14 , , , 33912 175 15 for for IN 33912 175 16 , , , 33912 175 17 in in IN 33912 175 18 spite spite NN 33912 175 19 of of IN 33912 175 20 a a DT 33912 175 21 certain certain JJ 33912 175 22 undercurrent undercurrent NN 33912 175 23 of of IN 33912 175 24 mistrust mistrust NN 33912 175 25 of of IN 33912 175 26 iron iron NN 33912 175 27 bridges bridge NNS 33912 175 28 within within IN 33912 175 29 the the DT 33912 175 30 engineering engineering NN 33912 175 31 profession profession NN 33912 175 32 -- -- : 33912 175 33 due due JJ 33912 175 34 mainly mainly RB 33912 175 35 to to IN 33912 175 36 a a DT 33912 175 37 number number NN 33912 175 38 of of IN 33912 175 39 failures failure NNS 33912 175 40 of of IN 33912 175 41 improperly improperly RB 33912 175 42 designed design VBN 33912 175 43 spans span NNS 33912 175 44 -- -- : 33912 175 45 Latrobe Latrobe NNP 33912 175 46 felt feel VBD 33912 175 47 there there EX 33912 175 48 was be VBD 33912 175 49 sufficient sufficient JJ 33912 175 50 justification justification NN 33912 175 51 for for IN 33912 175 52 the the DT 33912 175 53 unqualified unqualified JJ 33912 175 54 adoption adoption NN 33912 175 55 of of IN 33912 175 56 iron iron NN 33912 175 57 in in IN 33912 175 58 all all DT 33912 175 59 subsequent subsequent JJ 33912 175 60 major major JJ 33912 175 61 bridge bridge NN 33912 175 62 structures structure NNS 33912 175 63 on on IN 33912 175 64 the the DT 33912 175 65 B. B. NNP 33912 176 1 & & CC 33912 176 2 O. O. NNP 33912 177 1 Almost almost RB 33912 177 2 immediately immediately RB 33912 177 3 following follow VBG 33912 177 4 completion completion NN 33912 177 5 of of IN 33912 177 6 the the DT 33912 177 7 Savage Savage NNP 33912 177 8 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 177 9 , , , 33912 177 10 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 177 11 undertook undertake VBD 33912 177 12 the the DT 33912 177 13 design design NN 33912 177 14 of of IN 33912 177 15 replacements replacement NNS 33912 177 16 for for IN 33912 177 17 the the DT 33912 177 18 large large JJ 33912 177 19 Patapsco Patapsco NNP 33912 177 20 River River NNP 33912 177 21 span span NN 33912 177 22 at at IN 33912 177 23 Elysville Elysville NNP 33912 177 24 ( ( -LRB- 33912 177 25 now now RB 33912 177 26 Daniels Daniels NNP 33912 177 27 ) ) -RRB- 33912 177 28 , , , 33912 177 29 Maryland Maryland NNP 33912 177 30 , , , 33912 177 31 and and CC 33912 177 32 the the DT 33912 177 33 so so RB 33912 177 34 - - HYPH 33912 177 35 called call VBN 33912 177 36 Winchester Winchester NNP 33912 177 37 span span NN 33912 177 38 of of IN 33912 177 39 the the DT 33912 177 40 B. B. NNP 33912 178 1 & & CC 33912 178 2 O. O. NNP 33912 179 1 's 's POS 33912 179 2 largest large JJS 33912 179 3 and and CC 33912 179 4 most most RBS 33912 179 5 important important JJ 33912 179 6 bridge bridge NN 33912 179 7 , , , 33912 179 8 that that IN 33912 179 9 over over IN 33912 179 10 the the DT 33912 179 11 Potomac Potomac NNP 33912 179 12 at at IN 33912 179 13 Harpers Harpers NNP 33912 179 14 Ferry Ferry NNP 33912 179 15 . . . 33912 180 1 Harpers Harpers NNP 33912 180 2 Ferry Ferry NNP 33912 180 3 bridge bridge NN 33912 180 4 , , , 33912 180 5 a a DT 33912 180 6 timber timber NN 33912 180 7 structure structure NN 33912 180 8 , , , 33912 180 9 had have VBD 33912 180 10 been be VBN 33912 180 11 designed design VBN 33912 180 12 by by IN 33912 180 13 Latrobe Latrobe NNP 33912 180 14 and and CC 33912 180 15 built build VBN 33912 180 16 in in IN 33912 180 17 1836 1836 CD 33912 180 18 - - SYM 33912 180 19 1837 1837 CD 33912 180 20 by by IN 33912 180 21 the the DT 33912 180 22 noted note VBN 33912 180 23 bridge bridge NN 33912 180 24 constructor constructor NN 33912 180 25 Lewis Lewis NNP 33912 180 26 Wernwag Wernwag NNP 33912 180 27 . . . 33912 181 1 It -PRON- PRP 33912 181 2 was be VBD 33912 181 3 peculiar peculiar JJ 33912 181 4 in in IN 33912 181 5 having have VBG 33912 181 6 a a DT 33912 181 7 turnout turnout NN 33912 181 8 , , , 33912 181 9 near near IN 33912 181 10 the the DT 33912 181 11 Virginia Virginia NNP 33912 181 12 shore shore NN 33912 181 13 , , , 33912 181 14 whereby whereby WRB 33912 181 15 a a DT 33912 181 16 subsidiary subsidiary JJ 33912 181 17 road road NN 33912 181 18 branched branch VBD 33912 181 19 off off RP 33912 181 20 to to IN 33912 181 21 Winchester Winchester NNP 33912 181 22 ( ( -LRB- 33912 181 23 see see VB 33912 181 24 fig fig NN 33912 181 25 . . . 33912 182 1 6 6 LS 33912 182 2 ) ) -RRB- 33912 182 3 . . . 33912 183 1 Only only RB 33912 183 2 the the DT 33912 183 3 single single JJ 33912 183 4 span span NN 33912 183 5 on on IN 33912 183 6 this this DT 33912 183 7 line line NN 33912 183 8 , , , 33912 183 9 situated situate VBN 33912 183 10 between between IN 33912 183 11 the the DT 33912 183 12 midriver midriver NN 33912 183 13 switch switch NN 33912 183 14 and and CC 33912 183 15 the the DT 33912 183 16 shore shore NN 33912 183 17 , , , 33912 183 18 was be VBD 33912 183 19 slated slate VBN 33912 183 20 for for IN 33912 183 21 replacement replacement NN 33912 183 22 , , , 33912 183 23 as as IN 33912 183 24 the the DT 33912 183 25 other other JJ 33912 183 26 seven seven CD 33912 183 27 spans span NNS 33912 183 28 of of IN 33912 183 29 the the DT 33912 183 30 bridge bridge NN 33912 183 31 had have VBD 33912 183 32 been be VBN 33912 183 33 virtually virtually RB 33912 183 34 reconstructed reconstruct VBN 33912 183 35 in in IN 33912 183 36 the the DT 33912 183 37 decade decade NN 33912 183 38 or or CC 33912 183 39 so so RB 33912 183 40 of of IN 33912 183 41 their -PRON- PRP$ 33912 183 42 history history NN 33912 183 43 and and CC 33912 183 44 were be VBD 33912 183 45 in in IN 33912 183 46 sound sound JJ 33912 183 47 condition condition NN 33912 183 48 at at IN 33912 183 49 the the DT 33912 183 50 time time NN 33912 183 51 . . . 33912 184 1 The the DT 33912 184 2 Winchester Winchester NNP 33912 184 3 span span NN 33912 184 4 ( ( -LRB- 33912 184 5 fig fig NN 33912 184 6 . . . 33912 185 1 8) 8) CD 33912 185 2 , , , 33912 185 3 which which WDT 33912 185 4 was be VBD 33912 185 5 the the DT 33912 185 6 first first JJ 33912 185 7 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 185 8 truss truss NN 33912 185 9 to to TO 33912 185 10 embody embody VB 33912 185 11 sufficient sufficient JJ 33912 185 12 refinement refinement NN 33912 185 13 of of IN 33912 185 14 detail detail NN 33912 185 15 to to TO 33912 185 16 be be VB 33912 185 17 considered consider VBN 33912 185 18 a a DT 33912 185 19 prototype prototype NN 33912 185 20 , , , 33912 185 21 was be VBD 33912 185 22 completed complete VBN 33912 185 23 in in IN 33912 185 24 1851 1851 CD 33912 185 25 . . . 33912 186 1 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 186 2 was be VBD 33912 186 3 extremely extremely RB 33912 186 4 proud proud JJ 33912 186 5 of of IN 33912 186 6 the the DT 33912 186 7 work work NN 33912 186 8 , , , 33912 186 9 with with IN 33912 186 10 perfect perfect JJ 33912 186 11 justification justification NN 33912 186 12 it -PRON- PRP 33912 186 13 may may MD 33912 186 14 be be VB 33912 186 15 said say VBN 33912 186 16 . . . 33912 187 1 The the DT 33912 187 2 124-foot 124-foot CD 33912 187 3 span span NN 33912 187 4 was be VBD 33912 187 5 fabricated fabricate VBN 33912 187 6 in in IN 33912 187 7 the the DT 33912 187 8 railroad railroad NN 33912 187 9 's 's POS 33912 187 10 extensive extensive JJ 33912 187 11 Mount Mount NNP 33912 187 12 Clair Clair NNP 33912 187 13 shops shop NNS 33912 187 14 . . . 33912 188 1 It -PRON- PRP 33912 188 2 was be VBD 33912 188 3 subdivided subdivide VBN 33912 188 4 into into IN 33912 188 5 eight eight CD 33912 188 6 panels panel NNS 33912 188 7 by by IN 33912 188 8 seven seven CD 33912 188 9 struts strut NNS 33912 188 10 and and CC 33912 188 11 seven seven CD 33912 188 12 pairs pair NNS 33912 188 13 of of IN 33912 188 14 truss truss NN 33912 188 15 rods rod NNS 33912 188 16 . . . 33912 189 1 An an DT 33912 189 2 interesting interesting JJ 33912 189 3 difference difference NN 33912 189 4 between between IN 33912 189 5 this this DT 33912 189 6 span span NN 33912 189 7 and and CC 33912 189 8 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 189 9 's 's POS 33912 189 10 succeeding succeed VBG 33912 189 11 bridges bridge NNS 33912 189 12 was be VBD 33912 189 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 33912 189 14 use use NN 33912 189 15 of of IN 33912 189 16 granite granite NN 33912 189 17 rather rather RB 33912 189 18 than than IN 33912 189 19 cast cast VBN 33912 189 20 iron iron NN 33912 189 21 for for IN 33912 189 22 the the DT 33912 189 23 towers tower NNS 33912 189 24 . . . 33912 190 1 The the DT 33912 190 2 span span NN 33912 190 3 consisted consist VBD 33912 190 4 of of IN 33912 190 5 three three CD 33912 190 6 parallel parallel JJ 33912 190 7 lines line NNS 33912 190 8 of of IN 33912 190 9 trussing truss VBG 33912 190 10 to to TO 33912 190 11 accommodate accommodate VB 33912 190 12 a a DT 33912 190 13 common common JJ 33912 190 14 road road NN 33912 190 15 in in IN 33912 190 16 addition addition NN 33912 190 17 to to IN 33912 190 18 the the DT 33912 190 19 single single JJ 33912 190 20 - - HYPH 33912 190 21 track track NN 33912 190 22 Winchester Winchester NNP 33912 190 23 line line NN 33912 190 24 . . . 33912 191 1 The the DT 33912 191 2 distinctive distinctive JJ 33912 191 3 feature feature NN 33912 191 4 of of IN 33912 191 5 the the DT 33912 191 6 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 191 7 system system NN 33912 191 8 was be VBD 33912 191 9 the the DT 33912 191 10 previously previously RB 33912 191 11 mentioned mention VBN 33912 191 12 series series NN 33912 191 13 of of IN 33912 191 14 diagonal diagonal JJ 33912 191 15 truss truss NN 33912 191 16 links link NNS 33912 191 17 in in IN 33912 191 18 combination combination NN 33912 191 19 with with IN 33912 191 20 a a DT 33912 191 21 cast cast NN 33912 191 22 - - HYPH 33912 191 23 iron iron NN 33912 191 24 compression compression NN 33912 191 25 chord chord NN 33912 191 26 , , , 33912 191 27 which which WDT 33912 191 28 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 191 29 called call VBD 33912 191 30 the the DT 33912 191 31 " " `` 33912 191 32 stretcher stretcher NN 33912 191 33 . . . 33912 191 34 " " '' 33912 192 1 The the DT 33912 192 2 spacing spacing NN 33912 192 3 between between IN 33912 192 4 the the DT 33912 192 5 chord chord NN 33912 192 6 and and CC 33912 192 7 the the DT 33912 192 8 junction junction NN 33912 192 9 of of IN 33912 192 10 each each DT 33912 192 11 pair pair NN 33912 192 12 of of IN 33912 192 13 links link NNS 33912 192 14 was be VBD 33912 192 15 maintained maintain VBN 33912 192 16 by by IN 33912 192 17 a a DT 33912 192 18 vertical vertical JJ 33912 192 19 post post NN 33912 192 20 or or CC 33912 192 21 strut strut NN 33912 192 22 , , , 33912 192 23 also also RB 33912 192 24 cast cast VBD 33912 192 25 . . . 33912 193 1 [ [ -LRB- 33912 193 2 Illustration illustration NN 33912 193 3 : : : 33912 193 4 Figure Figure NNP 33912 193 5 15.--NORTH 15.--north CD 33912 193 6 STREET STREET NNP 33912 193 7 ( ( -LRB- 33912 193 8 now now RB 33912 193 9 Guilford Guilford NNP 33912 193 10 Avenue Avenue NNP 33912 193 11 ) ) -RRB- 33912 193 12 bridge bridge NN 33912 193 13 , , , 33912 193 14 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 193 15 . . . 33912 194 1 In in IN 33912 194 2 this this DT 33912 194 3 transitional transitional JJ 33912 194 4 composite composite JJ 33912 194 5 structure structure NN 33912 194 6 cast cast NN 33912 194 7 iron iron NN 33912 194 8 was be VBD 33912 194 9 used use VBN 33912 194 10 only only RB 33912 194 11 in in IN 33912 194 12 the the DT 33912 194 13 relatively relatively RB 33912 194 14 short short JJ 33912 194 15 sections section NNS 33912 194 16 of of IN 33912 194 17 the the DT 33912 194 18 upper upper JJ 33912 194 19 chord chord NN 33912 194 20 . . . 33912 195 1 For for IN 33912 195 2 the the DT 33912 195 3 long long RB 33912 195 4 unsupported unsupported JJ 33912 195 5 compression compression NN 33912 195 6 members member NNS 33912 195 7 of of IN 33912 195 8 the the DT 33912 195 9 web web NN 33912 195 10 system system NN 33912 195 11 , , , 33912 195 12 standard standard JJ 33912 195 13 wrought wrought NN 33912 195 14 - - HYPH 33912 195 15 iron iron NN 33912 195 16 angles angle NNS 33912 195 17 and and CC 33912 195 18 channels channel NNS 33912 195 19 were be VBD 33912 195 20 built build VBN 33912 195 21 up up RP 33912 195 22 into into IN 33912 195 23 a a DT 33912 195 24 large large JJ 33912 195 25 section section NN 33912 195 26 . . . 33912 196 1 The the DT 33912 196 2 decorative decorative JJ 33912 196 3 cast cast NN 33912 196 4 - - HYPH 33912 196 5 iron iron NN 33912 196 6 end end NN 33912 196 7 posts post NNS 33912 196 8 were be VBD 33912 196 9 non non JJ 33912 196 10 - - JJ 33912 196 11 structural structural JJ 33912 196 12 . . . 33912 197 1 ( ( -LRB- 33912 197 2 Photo photo NN 33912 197 3 in in IN 33912 197 4 the the DT 33912 197 5 L. L. NNP 33912 197 6 N. N. NNP 33912 197 7 Edwards Edwards NNP 33912 197 8 Collection Collection NNP 33912 197 9 , , , 33912 197 10 Museum Museum NNP 33912 197 11 of of IN 33912 197 12 History History NNP 33912 197 13 and and CC 33912 197 14 Technology Technology NNP 33912 197 15 . . . 33912 197 16 ) ) -RRB- 33912 197 17 ] ] -RRB- 33912 198 1 Much much JJ 33912 198 2 of of IN 33912 198 3 the the DT 33912 198 4 appeal appeal NN 33912 198 5 of of IN 33912 198 6 this this DT 33912 198 7 design design NN 33912 198 8 lay lie VBD 33912 198 9 unquestionably unquestionably RB 33912 198 10 in in IN 33912 198 11 the the DT 33912 198 12 sense sense NN 33912 198 13 of of IN 33912 198 14 security security NN 33912 198 15 derived derive VBN 33912 198 16 from from IN 33912 198 17 the the DT 33912 198 18 fact fact NN 33912 198 19 that that IN 33912 198 20 each each DT 33912 198 21 of of IN 33912 198 22 the the DT 33912 198 23 systems system NNS 33912 198 24 acted act VBD 33912 198 25 independently independently RB 33912 198 26 to to TO 33912 198 27 carry carry VB 33912 198 28 its -PRON- PRP$ 33912 198 29 load load NN 33912 198 30 to to IN 33912 198 31 the the DT 33912 198 32 abutments abutment NNS 33912 198 33 . . . 33912 199 1 The the DT 33912 199 2 lower low JJR 33912 199 3 chords chord NNS 33912 199 4 , , , 33912 199 5 actually actually RB 33912 199 6 nonfunctional nonfunctional JJ 33912 199 7 in in IN 33912 199 8 the the DT 33912 199 9 primary primary JJ 33912 199 10 structure structure NN 33912 199 11 , , , 33912 199 12 were be VBD 33912 199 13 included include VBN 33912 199 14 merely merely RB 33912 199 15 to to TO 33912 199 16 preserve preserve VB 33912 199 17 the the DT 33912 199 18 proper proper JJ 33912 199 19 longitudinal longitudinal JJ 33912 199 20 spacing spacing NN 33912 199 21 between between IN 33912 199 22 the the DT 33912 199 23 lower low JJR 33912 199 24 ends end NNS 33912 199 25 of of IN 33912 199 26 the the DT 33912 199 27 struts strut NNS 33912 199 28 . . . 33912 200 1 A a DT 33912 200 2 certain certain JJ 33912 200 3 lack lack NN 33912 200 4 of of IN 33912 200 5 rigidity rigidity NN 33912 200 6 was be VBD 33912 200 7 inherent inherent JJ 33912 200 8 in in IN 33912 200 9 the the DT 33912 200 10 system system NN 33912 200 11 due due IN 33912 200 12 to to IN 33912 200 13 that that DT 33912 200 14 very very JJ 33912 200 15 discontinuity discontinuity NN 33912 200 16 which which WDT 33912 200 17 characterized characterize VBD 33912 200 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 33912 200 19 action action NN 33912 200 20 ; ; : 33912 200 21 however however RB 33912 200 22 , , , 33912 200 23 this this DT 33912 200 24 was be VBD 33912 200 25 compensated compensate VBN 33912 200 26 for for IN 33912 200 27 by by IN 33912 200 28 a a DT 33912 200 29 pair pair NN 33912 200 30 of of IN 33912 200 31 light light JJ 33912 200 32 diagonal diagonal JJ 33912 200 33 stay stay NN 33912 200 34 rods rod NNS 33912 200 35 crossing cross VBG 33912 200 36 each each DT 33912 200 37 panel panel NN 33912 200 38 . . . 33912 201 1 These these DT 33912 201 2 rods rod NNS 33912 201 3 served serve VBD 33912 201 4 the the DT 33912 201 5 additional additional JJ 33912 201 6 function function NN 33912 201 7 of of IN 33912 201 8 distributing distribute VBG 33912 201 9 concentrated concentrated JJ 33912 201 10 loads load NNS 33912 201 11 to to IN 33912 201 12 adjacent adjacent JJ 33912 201 13 struts strut NNS 33912 201 14 much much RB 33912 201 15 in in IN 33912 201 16 the the DT 33912 201 17 manner manner NN 33912 201 18 of of IN 33912 201 19 the the DT 33912 201 20 bridging bridging NN 33912 201 21 between between IN 33912 201 22 floor floor NN 33912 201 23 joists joist NNS 33912 201 24 in in IN 33912 201 25 a a DT 33912 201 26 building building NN 33912 201 27 . . . 33912 202 1 In in IN 33912 202 2 the the DT 33912 202 3 Winchester Winchester NNP 33912 202 4 span span NN 33912 202 5 the the DT 33912 202 6 floor floor NN 33912 202 7 system system NN 33912 202 8 was be VBD 33912 202 9 of of IN 33912 202 10 timber timber NN 33912 202 11 for for IN 33912 202 12 reasons reason NNS 33912 202 13 of of IN 33912 202 14 economy economy NN 33912 202 15 . . . 33912 203 1 This this DT 33912 203 2 was be VBD 33912 203 3 a a DT 33912 203 4 very very RB 33912 203 5 minor minor JJ 33912 203 6 weakness weakness NN 33912 203 7 inasmuch inasmuch NN 33912 203 8 as as IN 33912 203 9 any any DT 33912 203 10 stick stick NN 33912 203 11 could could MD 33912 203 12 be be VB 33912 203 13 quickly quickly RB 33912 203 14 replaced replace VBN 33912 203 15 , , , 33912 203 16 and and CC 33912 203 17 without without IN 33912 203 18 disturbing disturb VBG 33912 203 19 the the DT 33912 203 20 function function NN 33912 203 21 of of IN 33912 203 22 the the DT 33912 203 23 structure structure NN 33912 203 24 . . . 33912 204 1 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 204 2 received receive VBD 33912 204 3 a a DT 33912 204 4 patent patent NN 33912 204 5 for for IN 33912 204 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 33912 204 7 truss truss NN 33912 204 8 in in IN 33912 204 9 January January NNP 33912 204 10 1852 1852 CD 33912 204 11 , , , 33912 204 12 and and CC 33912 204 13 in in IN 33912 204 14 the the DT 33912 204 15 same same JJ 33912 204 16 year year NN 33912 204 17 published publish VBD 33912 204 18 a a DT 33912 204 19 booklet booklet NN 33912 204 20 describing describe VBG 33912 204 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 33912 204 22 system system NN 33912 204 23 in in IN 33912 204 24 general general JJ 33912 204 25 and and CC 33912 204 26 the the DT 33912 204 27 Harpers Harpers NNP 33912 204 28 Ferry Ferry NNP 33912 204 29 span span NN 33912 204 30 in in IN 33912 204 31 particular particular JJ 33912 204 32 . . . 33912 205 1 Here here RB 33912 205 2 , , , 33912 205 3 he -PRON- PRP 33912 205 4 first first RB 33912 205 5 calls call VBZ 33912 205 6 it -PRON- PRP 33912 205 7 a a DT 33912 205 8 " " `` 33912 205 9 suspension suspension NN 33912 205 10 and and CC 33912 205 11 trussed truss VBN 33912 205 12 bridge bridge NN 33912 205 13 , , , 33912 205 14 " " '' 33912 205 15 which which WDT 33912 205 16 is be VBZ 33912 205 17 indeed indeed RB 33912 205 18 an an DT 33912 205 19 accurate accurate JJ 33912 205 20 designation designation NN 33912 205 21 for for IN 33912 205 22 a a DT 33912 205 23 system system NN 33912 205 24 which which WDT 33912 205 25 is be VBZ 33912 205 26 not not RB 33912 205 27 strictly strictly RB 33912 205 28 a a DT 33912 205 29 truss truss NN 33912 205 30 because because IN 33912 205 31 it -PRON- PRP 33912 205 32 has have VBZ 33912 205 33 no no DT 33912 205 34 active active JJ 33912 205 35 lower low JJR 33912 205 36 chord chord NN 33912 205 37 . . . 33912 206 1 ( ( -LRB- 33912 206 2 The the DT 33912 206 3 analogy analogy NN 33912 206 4 to to IN 33912 206 5 a a DT 33912 206 6 suspension suspension NN 33912 206 7 bridge bridge NN 33912 206 8 is be VBZ 33912 206 9 quite quite RB 33912 206 10 clear clear JJ 33912 206 11 , , , 33912 206 12 each each DT 33912 206 13 pair pair NN 33912 206 14 of of IN 33912 206 15 primary primary JJ 33912 206 16 rods rod NNS 33912 206 17 being be VBG 33912 206 18 comparable comparable JJ 33912 206 19 to to IN 33912 206 20 a a DT 33912 206 21 suspension suspension NN 33912 206 22 cable cable NN 33912 206 23 . . . 33912 206 24 ) ) -RRB- 33912 207 1 Thereafter thereafter RB 33912 207 2 , , , 33912 207 3 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 207 4 's 's POS 33912 207 5 invention invention NN 33912 207 6 was be VBD 33912 207 7 generally generally RB 33912 207 8 termed term VBN 33912 207 9 a a DT 33912 207 10 suspension suspension NN 33912 207 11 truss truss NN 33912 207 12 . . . 33912 208 1 INFLUENCE influence NN 33912 208 2 OF of IN 33912 208 3 THE the DT 33912 208 4 TRUSS TRUSS NNP 33912 208 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 208 6 's 's POS 33912 208 7 1852 1852 CD 33912 208 8 publication publication NN 33912 208 9 was be VBD 33912 208 10 widely widely RB 33912 208 11 disseminated disseminate VBN 33912 208 12 here here RB 33912 208 13 and and CC 33912 208 14 abroad abroad RB 33912 208 15 and and CC 33912 208 16 studied study VBN 33912 208 17 with with IN 33912 208 18 respectful respectful JJ 33912 208 19 interest interest NN 33912 208 20 by by IN 33912 208 21 the the DT 33912 208 22 engineering engineering NN 33912 208 23 profession profession NN 33912 208 24 . . . 33912 209 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 33912 209 2 drawings drawing NNS 33912 209 3 of of IN 33912 209 4 the the DT 33912 209 5 structure structure NN 33912 209 6 were be VBD 33912 209 7 copied copy VBN 33912 209 8 in in IN 33912 209 9 a a DT 33912 209 10 number number NN 33912 209 11 of of IN 33912 209 12 leading lead VBG 33912 209 13 technical technical JJ 33912 209 14 journals journal NNS 33912 209 15 in in IN 33912 209 16 England England NNP 33912 209 17 and and CC 33912 209 18 Germany Germany NNP 33912 209 19 . . . 33912 210 1 Although although IN 33912 210 2 there there EX 33912 210 3 is be VBZ 33912 210 4 no no DT 33912 210 5 record record NN 33912 210 6 that that IN 33912 210 7 the the DT 33912 210 8 type type NN 33912 210 9 was be VBD 33912 210 10 ever ever RB 33912 210 11 reproduced reproduce VBN 33912 210 12 in in IN 33912 210 13 Europe Europe NNP 33912 210 14 , , , 33912 210 15 there there EX 33912 210 16 can can MD 33912 210 17 be be VB 33912 210 18 little little JJ 33912 210 19 doubt doubt NN 33912 210 20 that that IN 33912 210 21 this this DT 33912 210 22 successful successful JJ 33912 210 23 structural structural JJ 33912 210 24 use use NN 33912 210 25 of of IN 33912 210 26 iron iron NN 33912 210 27 by by IN 33912 210 28 the the DT 33912 210 29 most most RBS 33912 210 30 eminent eminent JJ 33912 210 31 railroad railroad NN 33912 210 32 in in IN 33912 210 33 the the DT 33912 210 34 United United NNP 33912 210 35 States States NNP 33912 210 36 and and CC 33912 210 37 its -PRON- PRP$ 33912 210 38 endorsement endorsement NN 33912 210 39 by by IN 33912 210 40 an an DT 33912 210 41 engineer engineer NN 33912 210 42 of of IN 33912 210 43 Latrobe Latrobe NNP 33912 210 44 's 's POS 33912 210 45 status status NN 33912 210 46 gave give VBD 33912 210 47 great great JJ 33912 210 48 impetus impetus NN 33912 210 49 to to IN 33912 210 50 the the DT 33912 210 51 general general JJ 33912 210 52 adoption adoption NN 33912 210 53 of of IN 33912 210 54 the the DT 33912 210 55 material material NN 33912 210 56 . . . 33912 211 1 This this DT 33912 211 2 influence influence NN 33912 211 3 was be VBD 33912 211 4 certainly certainly RB 33912 211 5 equal equal JJ 33912 211 6 to to IN 33912 211 7 that that DT 33912 211 8 of of IN 33912 211 9 Stephenson Stephenson NNP 33912 211 10 's 's POS 33912 211 11 tubular tubular JJ 33912 211 12 iron iron NN 33912 211 13 bridge bridge NNP 33912 211 14 of of IN 33912 211 15 1850 1850 CD 33912 211 16 over over IN 33912 211 17 the the DT 33912 211 18 Menai Menai NNP 33912 211 19 Strait Strait NNP 33912 211 20 , , , 33912 211 21 or or CC 33912 211 22 Roebling Roebling NNP 33912 211 23 's 's POS 33912 211 24 iron iron NN 33912 211 25 - - HYPH 33912 211 26 wire wire NN 33912 211 27 suspension suspension NN 33912 211 28 bridge bridge NN 33912 211 29 of of IN 33912 211 30 1855 1855 CD 33912 211 31 over over IN 33912 211 32 Niagara Niagara NNP 33912 211 33 gorge gorge NN 33912 211 34 . . . 33912 212 1 The the DT 33912 212 2 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 212 3 design design NN 33912 212 4 had have VBD 33912 212 5 perhaps perhaps RB 33912 212 6 even even RB 33912 212 7 greater great JJR 33912 212 8 influence influence NN 33912 212 9 , , , 33912 212 10 as as IN 33912 212 11 the the DT 33912 212 12 B. B. NNP 33912 213 1 & & CC 33912 213 2 O. O. NNP 33912 213 3 immediately immediately RB 33912 213 4 launched launch VBD 33912 213 5 the the DT 33912 213 6 system system NN 33912 213 7 with with IN 33912 213 8 great great JJ 33912 213 9 energy energy NN 33912 213 10 and and CC 33912 213 11 in in IN 33912 213 12 great great JJ 33912 213 13 numbers number NNS 33912 213 14 to to TO 33912 213 15 replace replace VB 33912 213 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 33912 213 17 timber timber NN 33912 213 18 spans span NNS 33912 213 19 ; ; : 33912 213 20 on on IN 33912 213 21 the the DT 33912 213 22 other other JJ 33912 213 23 hand hand NN 33912 213 24 , , , 33912 213 25 Roebling Roebling NNP 33912 213 26 's 's POS 33912 213 27 structure structure NN 33912 213 28 was be VBD 33912 213 29 never never RB 33912 213 30 duplicated duplicate VBN 33912 213 31 in in IN 33912 213 32 railroad railroad NN 33912 213 33 service service NN 33912 213 34 , , , 33912 213 35 and and CC 33912 213 36 Stephenson Stephenson NNP 33912 213 37 's 's POS 33912 213 38 only only RB 33912 213 39 once once RB 33912 213 40 . . . 33912 214 1 [ [ -LRB- 33912 214 2 Illustration illustration NN 33912 214 3 : : : 33912 214 4 Figure figure NN 33912 214 5 16.--_Left 16.--_left CD 33912 214 6 : : : 33912 214 7 _ _ NNP 33912 214 8 CONJECTURAL CONJECTURAL NNP 33912 214 9 SECTION SECTION NNP 33912 214 10 of of IN 33912 214 11 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 214 12 's 's POS 33912 214 13 segmental segmental JJ 33912 214 14 wrought wrought NN 33912 214 15 - - HYPH 33912 214 16 iron iron NN 33912 214 17 column column NN 33912 214 18 , , , 33912 214 19 about about RB 33912 214 20 1860 1860 CD 33912 214 21 , , , 33912 214 22 and and CC 33912 214 23 section section NN 33912 214 24 of of IN 33912 214 25 the the DT 33912 214 26 standard standard JJ 33912 214 27 Phoenix Phoenix NNP 33912 214 28 column column NN 33912 214 29 ; ; : 33912 214 30 _ _ NNP 33912 214 31 right right RB 33912 214 32 : : : 33912 214 33 _ _ NNP 33912 214 34 Phoenix Phoenix NNP 33912 214 35 column column NN 33912 214 36 as as IN 33912 214 37 used use VBN 33912 214 38 in in IN 33912 214 39 truss truss NNP 33912 214 40 - - HYPH 33912 214 41 bridge bridge NN 33912 214 42 compression compression NN 33912 214 43 members member NNS 33912 214 44 . . . 33912 214 45 ] ] -RRB- 33912 215 1 EVALUATION EVALUATION NNS 33912 215 2 OF of IN 33912 215 3 THE the DT 33912 215 4 TRUSS TRUSS NNP 33912 215 5 By by IN 33912 215 6 the the DT 33912 215 7 late late JJ 33912 215 8 1850 1850 CD 33912 215 9 's 's POS 33912 215 10 iron iron NN 33912 215 11 was be VBD 33912 215 12 well well RB 33912 215 13 established establish VBN 33912 215 14 as as IN 33912 215 15 a a DT 33912 215 16 bridge bridge NN 33912 215 17 material material NN 33912 215 18 throughout throughout IN 33912 215 19 the the DT 33912 215 20 world world NN 33912 215 21 . . . 33912 216 1 Once once IN 33912 216 2 the the DT 33912 216 3 previous previous JJ 33912 216 4 fears fear NNS 33912 216 5 of of IN 33912 216 6 iron iron NN 33912 216 7 had have VBD 33912 216 8 been be VBN 33912 216 9 stilled still VBN 33912 216 10 and and CC 33912 216 11 the the DT 33912 216 12 attention attention NN 33912 216 13 of of IN 33912 216 14 engineers engineer NNS 33912 216 15 was be VBD 33912 216 16 directed direct VBN 33912 216 17 to to IN 33912 216 18 the the DT 33912 216 19 interpretation interpretation NN 33912 216 20 of of IN 33912 216 21 existing existing JJ 33912 216 22 and and CC 33912 216 23 new new JJ 33912 216 24 spanning span VBG 33912 216 25 methods method NNS 33912 216 26 into into IN 33912 216 27 metal metal NN 33912 216 28 , , , 33912 216 29 the the DT 33912 216 30 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 216 31 truss truss NN 33912 216 32 began begin VBD 33912 216 33 to to TO 33912 216 34 suffer suffer VB 33912 216 35 somewhat somewhat RB 33912 216 36 from from IN 33912 216 37 the the DT 33912 216 38 comparison comparison NN 33912 216 39 . . . 33912 217 1 Although although IN 33912 217 2 its -PRON- PRP$ 33912 217 3 components component NNS 33912 217 4 were be VBD 33912 217 5 simple simple JJ 33912 217 6 to to TO 33912 217 7 fabricate fabricate VB 33912 217 8 and and CC 33912 217 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 33912 217 10 analysis analysis NN 33912 217 11 and and CC 33912 217 12 design design NN 33912 217 13 were be VBD 33912 217 14 straightforward straightforward JJ 33912 217 15 , , , 33912 217 16 it -PRON- PRP 33912 217 17 was be VBD 33912 217 18 less less RBR 33912 217 19 economical economical JJ 33912 217 20 of of IN 33912 217 21 material material NN 33912 217 22 than than IN 33912 217 23 the the DT 33912 217 24 more more RBR 33912 217 25 conventional conventional JJ 33912 217 26 panel panel NN 33912 217 27 trusses truss NNS 33912 217 28 such such JJ 33912 217 29 as as IN 33912 217 30 the the DT 33912 217 31 Pratt Pratt NNP 33912 217 32 and and CC 33912 217 33 Whipple Whipple NNP 33912 217 34 types type NNS 33912 217 35 . . . 33912 218 1 Additionally additionally RB 33912 218 2 , , , 33912 218 3 there there EX 33912 218 4 was be VBD 33912 218 5 the the DT 33912 218 6 requisite requisite JJ 33912 218 7 amount amount NN 33912 218 8 of of IN 33912 218 9 secondary secondary JJ 33912 218 10 metal metal NN 33912 218 11 in in IN 33912 218 12 lower low JJR 33912 218 13 chords chord NNS 33912 218 14 and and CC 33912 218 15 braces brace NNS 33912 218 16 necessary necessary JJ 33912 218 17 for for IN 33912 218 18 stability stability NN 33912 218 19 and and CC 33912 218 20 rigidity rigidity NN 33912 218 21 . . . 33912 219 1 A a DT 33912 219 2 factor factor NN 33912 219 3 difficult difficult JJ 33912 219 4 to to TO 33912 219 5 assess assess VB 33912 219 6 is be VBZ 33912 219 7 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 219 8 's 's POS 33912 219 9 handling handling NN 33912 219 10 of of IN 33912 219 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 33912 219 12 patent patent NN 33912 219 13 , , , 33912 219 14 which which WDT 33912 219 15 was be VBD 33912 219 16 renewed renew VBN 33912 219 17 in in IN 33912 219 18 1866 1866 CD 33912 219 19 . . . 33912 220 1 There there EX 33912 220 2 is be VBZ 33912 220 3 sufficient sufficient JJ 33912 220 4 evidence evidence NN 33912 220 5 to to TO 33912 220 6 conclude conclude VB 33912 220 7 that that IN 33912 220 8 he -PRON- PRP 33912 220 9 considered consider VBD 33912 220 10 the the DT 33912 220 11 patent patent NN 33912 220 12 valuable valuable JJ 33912 220 13 because because IN 33912 220 14 it -PRON- PRP 33912 220 15 was be VBD 33912 220 16 based base VBN 33912 220 17 upon upon IN 33912 220 18 a a DT 33912 220 19 sound sound JJ 33912 220 20 design design NN 33912 220 21 . . . 33912 221 1 Therefore therefore RB 33912 221 2 , , , 33912 221 3 he -PRON- PRP 33912 221 4 probably probably RB 33912 221 5 established establish VBD 33912 221 6 a a DT 33912 221 7 high high JJ 33912 221 8 license license NN 33912 221 9 fee fee NN 33912 221 10 which which WDT 33912 221 11 , , , 33912 221 12 with with IN 33912 221 13 the the DT 33912 221 14 truss truss NN 33912 221 15 's 's POS 33912 221 16 other other JJ 33912 221 17 shortcomings shortcoming NNS 33912 221 18 , , , 33912 221 19 was be VBD 33912 221 20 sufficient sufficient JJ 33912 221 21 to to TO 33912 221 22 discourage discourage VB 33912 221 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 33912 221 24 use use NN 33912 221 25 by by IN 33912 221 26 other other JJ 33912 221 27 railroads railroad NNS 33912 221 28 . . . 33912 222 1 As as IN 33912 222 2 patron patron NN 33912 222 3 , , , 33912 222 4 the the DT 33912 222 5 B. B. NNP 33912 223 1 & & CC 33912 223 2 O. O. NNP 33912 223 3 had have VBD 33912 223 4 naturally naturally RB 33912 223 5 had have VBN 33912 223 6 full full JJ 33912 223 7 rights right NNS 33912 223 8 to to IN 33912 223 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 33912 223 10 use use NN 33912 223 11 . . . 33912 224 1 An an DT 33912 224 2 additional additional JJ 33912 224 3 defect defect NN 33912 224 4 , , , 33912 224 5 acknowledged acknowledge VBN 33912 224 6 even even RB 33912 224 7 by by IN 33912 224 8 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 224 9 , , , 33912 224 10 arose arise VBD 33912 224 11 because because IN 33912 224 12 of of IN 33912 224 13 the the DT 33912 224 14 unequal unequal JJ 33912 224 15 length length NN 33912 224 16 of of IN 33912 224 17 the the DT 33912 224 18 links link NNS 33912 224 19 in in IN 33912 224 20 each each DT 33912 224 21 group group NN 33912 224 22 except except IN 33912 224 23 the the DT 33912 224 24 center center NN 33912 224 25 one one CD 33912 224 26 . . . 33912 225 1 This this DT 33912 225 2 caused cause VBD 33912 225 3 an an DT 33912 225 4 unevenness unevenness NN 33912 225 5 in in IN 33912 225 6 the the DT 33912 225 7 thermal thermal JJ 33912 225 8 expansion expansion NN 33912 225 9 and and CC 33912 225 10 contraction contraction NN 33912 225 11 of of IN 33912 225 12 the the DT 33912 225 13 framework framework NN 33912 225 14 , , , 33912 225 15 with with IN 33912 225 16 the the DT 33912 225 17 result result NN 33912 225 18 that that IN 33912 225 19 the the DT 33912 225 20 bridges bridge NNS 33912 225 21 were be VBD 33912 225 22 difficult difficult JJ 33912 225 23 to to TO 33912 225 24 keep keep VB 33912 225 25 in in IN 33912 225 26 adjustment adjustment NN 33912 225 27 . . . 33912 226 1 This this DT 33912 226 2 had have VBD 33912 226 3 the the DT 33912 226 4 practical practical JJ 33912 226 5 effect effect NN 33912 226 6 of of IN 33912 226 7 virtually virtually RB 33912 226 8 limiting limit VBG 33912 226 9 the the DT 33912 226 10 system system NN 33912 226 11 to to TO 33912 226 12 intermediate intermediate VB 33912 226 13 span span NN 33912 226 14 lengths length NNS 33912 226 15 , , , 33912 226 16 up up RB 33912 226 17 to to IN 33912 226 18 about about IN 33912 226 19 150 150 CD 33912 226 20 feet foot NNS 33912 226 21 . . . 33912 227 1 For for IN 33912 227 2 longer long JJR 33912 227 3 spans span NNS 33912 227 4 the the DT 33912 227 5 B. B. NNP 33912 228 1 & & CC 33912 228 2 O. O. NNP 33912 228 3 employed employ VBD 33912 228 4 the the DT 33912 228 5 truss truss NN 33912 228 6 of of IN 33912 228 7 another another DT 33912 228 8 of of IN 33912 228 9 Latrobe Latrobe NNP 33912 228 10 's 's POS 33912 228 11 assistants assistant NNS 33912 228 12 , , , 33912 228 13 German German NNP 33912 228 14 - - HYPH 33912 228 15 born bear VBN 33912 228 16 and and CC 33912 228 17 technically technically RB 33912 228 18 trained train VBN 33912 228 19 Albert Albert NNP 33912 228 20 Fink Fink NNP 33912 228 21 . . . 33912 229 1 The the DT 33912 229 2 Fink Fink NNP 33912 229 3 truss truss NN 33912 229 4 was be VBD 33912 229 5 evolved evolve VBN 33912 229 6 contemporaneously contemporaneously RB 33912 229 7 with with IN 33912 229 8 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 229 9 's 's POS 33912 229 10 and and CC 33912 229 11 was be VBD 33912 229 12 structurally structurally RB 33912 229 13 quite quite RB 33912 229 14 similar similar JJ 33912 229 15 , , , 33912 229 16 being be VBG 33912 229 17 a a DT 33912 229 18 suspension suspension NN 33912 229 19 truss truss NN 33912 229 20 with with IN 33912 229 21 no no DT 33912 229 22 lower low JJR 33912 229 23 chord chord NN 33912 229 24 . . . 33912 230 1 The the DT 33912 230 2 principal principal JJ 33912 230 3 difference difference NN 33912 230 4 was be VBD 33912 230 5 the the DT 33912 230 6 symmetry symmetry NN 33912 230 7 of of IN 33912 230 8 Fink Fink NNP 33912 230 9 's 's POS 33912 230 10 plan plan NN 33912 230 11 , , , 33912 230 12 which which WDT 33912 230 13 was be VBD 33912 230 14 achieved achieve VBN 33912 230 15 by by IN 33912 230 16 carrying carry VBG 33912 230 17 the the DT 33912 230 18 individual individual JJ 33912 230 19 panel panel NN 33912 230 20 loads load NNS 33912 230 21 from from IN 33912 230 22 the the DT 33912 230 23 panel panel NN 33912 230 24 points point NNS 33912 230 25 to to TO 33912 230 26 increasingly increasingly RB 33912 230 27 longer long RBR 33912 230 28 panel panel NN 33912 230 29 units unit NNS 33912 230 30 before before IN 33912 230 31 having have VBG 33912 230 32 them -PRON- PRP 33912 230 33 appear appear VB 33912 230 34 at at IN 33912 230 35 the the DT 33912 230 36 end end NN 33912 230 37 bearings bearing NNS 33912 230 38 . . . 33912 231 1 This this DT 33912 231 2 eliminated eliminate VBD 33912 231 3 the the DT 33912 231 4 weakness weakness NN 33912 231 5 of of IN 33912 231 6 unequal unequal JJ 33912 231 7 strains strain NNS 33912 231 8 . . . 33912 232 1 The the DT 33912 232 2 design design NN 33912 232 3 was be VBD 33912 232 4 basically basically RB 33912 232 5 a a DT 33912 232 6 more more RBR 33912 232 7 rational rational JJ 33912 232 8 one one NN 33912 232 9 , , , 33912 232 10 and and CC 33912 232 11 it -PRON- PRP 33912 232 12 came come VBD 33912 232 13 to to TO 33912 232 14 be be VB 33912 232 15 widely widely RB 33912 232 16 used use VBN 33912 232 17 in in IN 33912 232 18 spans span NNS 33912 232 19 of of IN 33912 232 20 up up IN 33912 232 21 to to TO 33912 232 22 250 250 CD 33912 232 23 feet foot NNS 33912 232 24 , , , 33912 232 25 generally generally RB 33912 232 26 as as IN 33912 232 27 a a DT 33912 232 28 deck deck NN 33912 232 29 - - HYPH 33912 232 30 type type NN 33912 232 31 truss truss NN 33912 232 32 ( ( -LRB- 33912 232 33 see see UH 33912 232 34 fig fig NN 33912 232 35 . . . 33912 233 1 11 11 CD 33912 233 2 ) ) -RRB- 33912 233 3 . . . 33912 234 1 W. W. NNP 33912 234 2 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 234 3 and and CC 33912 234 4 Company Company NNP 33912 234 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 234 6 resigned resign VBD 33912 234 7 from from IN 33912 234 8 the the DT 33912 234 9 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 234 10 and and CC 33912 234 11 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 234 12 in in IN 33912 234 13 1858 1858 CD 33912 234 14 to to TO 33912 234 15 form form VB 33912 234 16 , , , 33912 234 17 with with IN 33912 234 18 John John NNP 33912 234 19 H. H. NNP 33912 234 20 Tegmeyer Tegmeyer NNP 33912 234 21 and and CC 33912 234 22 John John NNP 33912 234 23 Clark Clark NNP 33912 234 24 , , , 33912 234 25 two two CD 33912 234 26 of of IN 33912 234 27 his -PRON- PRP$ 33912 234 28 former former JJ 33912 234 29 B. B. NNP 33912 235 1 & & CC 33912 235 2 O. O. NNP 33912 235 3 assistants assistant NNS 33912 235 4 , , , 33912 235 5 a a DT 33912 235 6 bridge bridge NN 33912 235 7 - - HYPH 33912 235 8 building building NN 33912 235 9 firm firm NN 33912 235 10 in in IN 33912 235 11 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 235 12 known know VBN 33912 235 13 as as IN 33912 235 14 W. W. NNP 33912 235 15 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 235 16 and and CC 33912 235 17 Company Company NNP 33912 235 18 . . . 33912 236 1 This this DT 33912 236 2 was be VBD 33912 236 3 apparently apparently RB 33912 236 4 the the DT 33912 236 5 first first JJ 33912 236 6 organization organization NN 33912 236 7 in in IN 33912 236 8 the the DT 33912 236 9 United United NNP 33912 236 10 States States NNP 33912 236 11 to to TO 33912 236 12 design design VB 33912 236 13 , , , 33912 236 14 fabricate fabricate VB 33912 236 15 , , , 33912 236 16 and and CC 33912 236 17 erect erect VB 33912 236 18 iron iron NN 33912 236 19 bridges bridge NNS 33912 236 20 and and CC 33912 236 21 structures structure NNS 33912 236 22 , , , 33912 236 23 pioneering pioneer VBG 33912 236 24 in in IN 33912 236 25 what what WP 33912 236 26 25 25 CD 33912 236 27 years year NNS 33912 236 28 later later RB 33912 236 29 had have VBD 33912 236 30 become become VBN 33912 236 31 an an DT 33912 236 32 immense immense JJ 33912 236 33 industry industry NN 33912 236 34 . . . 33912 237 1 The the DT 33912 237 2 firm firm NN 33912 237 3 had have VBD 33912 237 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 33912 237 5 foundation foundation NN 33912 237 6 at at IN 33912 237 7 least least JJS 33912 237 8 as as RB 33912 237 9 early early RB 33912 237 10 as as IN 33912 237 11 1855 1855 CD 33912 237 12 when when WRB 33912 237 13 advertisements advertisement NNS 33912 237 14 to to TO 33912 237 15 supply supply VB 33912 237 16 designs design NNS 33912 237 17 and and CC 33912 237 18 estimates estimate NNS 33912 237 19 for for IN 33912 237 20 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 237 21 bridges bridge NNS 33912 237 22 appeared appear VBD 33912 237 23 over over IN 33912 237 24 Tegmeyer Tegmeyer NNP 33912 237 25 's 's POS 33912 237 26 name name NN 33912 237 27 in in IN 33912 237 28 several several JJ 33912 237 29 railroad railroad NN 33912 237 30 journals journal NNS 33912 237 31 ( ( -LRB- 33912 237 32 see see VB 33912 237 33 fig fig NN 33912 237 34 . . . 33912 238 1 12 12 CD 33912 238 2 ) ) -RRB- 33912 238 3 . . . 33912 239 1 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 239 2 's 's POS 33912 239 3 separation separation NN 33912 239 4 from from IN 33912 239 5 the the DT 33912 239 6 B. B. NNP 33912 240 1 & & CC 33912 240 2 O. O. NNP 33912 240 3 was be VBD 33912 240 4 not not RB 33912 240 5 a a DT 33912 240 6 complete complete JJ 33912 240 7 one one NN 33912 240 8 . . . 33912 241 1 The the DT 33912 241 2 railroad railroad NN 33912 241 3 continued continue VBD 33912 241 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 33912 241 5 program program NN 33912 241 6 of of IN 33912 241 7 replacing replace VBG 33912 241 8 timber timber NN 33912 241 9 bridges bridge NNS 33912 241 10 with with IN 33912 241 11 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 241 12 trusses truss NNS 33912 241 13 , , , 33912 241 14 and and CC 33912 241 15 contracted contract VBN 33912 241 16 with with IN 33912 241 17 W. W. NNP 33912 241 18 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 241 19 and and CC 33912 241 20 Company Company NNP 33912 241 21 for for IN 33912 241 22 design design NN 33912 241 23 and and CC 33912 241 24 a a DT 33912 241 25 certain certain JJ 33912 241 26 amount amount NN 33912 241 27 of of IN 33912 241 28 fabrication fabrication NN 33912 241 29 . . . 33912 242 1 There there EX 33912 242 2 is be VBZ 33912 242 3 some some DT 33912 242 4 likelihood likelihood NN 33912 242 5 that that WDT 33912 242 6 eventually eventually RB 33912 242 7 fabrication fabrication NN 33912 242 8 was be VBD 33912 242 9 entirely entirely RB 33912 242 10 discontinued discontinue VBN 33912 242 11 at at IN 33912 242 12 Mount Mount NNP 33912 242 13 Clair Clair NNP 33912 242 14 , , , 33912 242 15 and and CC 33912 242 16 all all DT 33912 242 17 parts part NNS 33912 242 18 subsequently subsequently RB 33912 242 19 purchased purchase VBD 33912 242 20 from from IN 33912 242 21 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 242 22 . . . 33912 243 1 The the DT 33912 243 2 firm firm NN 33912 243 3 prospered prospered NN 33912 243 4 , , , 33912 243 5 erecting erect VBG 33912 243 6 a a DT 33912 243 7 number number NN 33912 243 8 of of IN 33912 243 9 major major JJ 33912 243 10 railroad railroad NN 33912 243 11 bridges bridge NNS 33912 243 12 in in IN 33912 243 13 Mexico Mexico NNP 33912 243 14 , , , 33912 243 15 Cuba Cuba NNP 33912 243 16 , , , 33912 243 17 and and CC 33912 243 18 Chile Chile NNP 33912 243 19 . . . 33912 244 1 Operations operation NNS 33912 244 2 ceased cease VBD 33912 244 3 from from IN 33912 244 4 1861 1861 CD 33912 244 5 to to IN 33912 244 6 1863 1863 CD 33912 244 7 because because IN 33912 244 8 of of IN 33912 244 9 difficult difficult JJ 33912 244 10 wartime wartime JJ 33912 244 11 conditions condition NNS 33912 244 12 in in IN 33912 244 13 the the DT 33912 244 14 border border NN 33912 244 15 city city NN 33912 244 16 of of IN 33912 244 17 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 244 18 . . . 33912 245 1 Following follow VBG 33912 245 2 this this DT 33912 245 3 , , , 33912 245 4 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 245 5 reentered reentere VBD 33912 245 6 business business NN 33912 245 7 as as IN 33912 245 8 sole sole JJ 33912 245 9 proprietor proprietor NN 33912 245 10 of of IN 33912 245 11 the the DT 33912 245 12 Patapsco Patapsco NNP 33912 245 13 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 245 14 and and CC 33912 245 15 Iron Iron NNP 33912 245 16 Works Works NNP 33912 245 17 . . . 33912 246 1 [ [ -LRB- 33912 246 2 Illustration illustration NN 33912 246 3 : : : 33912 246 4 QUINCY QUINCY VBN 33912 246 5 BAY BAY NNP 33912 246 6 BRIDGE BRIDGE NNP 33912 246 7 Figure figure NN 33912 246 8 17.--CHICAGO 17.--chicago CD 33912 246 9 , , , 33912 246 10 BURLINGTON BURLINGTON NNP 33912 246 11 AND and CC 33912 246 12 QUINCY QUINCY VBN 33912 246 13 RAILROAD RAILROAD VBN 33912 246 14 BRIDGE bridge NN 33912 246 15 over over IN 33912 246 16 Quincy Quincy NNP 33912 246 17 Bay Bay NNP 33912 246 18 ( ( -LRB- 33912 246 19 branch branch NN 33912 246 20 of of IN 33912 246 21 the the DT 33912 246 22 Mississippi Mississippi NNP 33912 246 23 River River NNP 33912 246 24 ) ) -RRB- 33912 246 25 at at IN 33912 246 26 Quincy Quincy NNP 33912 246 27 , , , 33912 246 28 Illinois Illinois NNP 33912 246 29 . . . 33912 247 1 The the DT 33912 247 2 pivot pivot NN 33912 247 3 draw draw NN 33912 247 4 - - HYPH 33912 247 5 span span NN 33912 247 6 was be VBD 33912 247 7 formed form VBN 33912 247 8 of of IN 33912 247 9 two two CD 33912 247 10 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 247 11 deck deck NN 33912 247 12 trusses truss NNS 33912 247 13 supported support VBN 33912 247 14 at at IN 33912 247 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 33912 247 16 outer outer JJ 33912 247 17 ends end NNS 33912 247 18 by by IN 33912 247 19 hog hog NN 33912 247 20 chains chain NNS 33912 247 21 . . . 33912 248 1 The the DT 33912 248 2 bridge bridge NN 33912 248 3 was be VBD 33912 248 4 built build VBN 33912 248 5 in in IN 33912 248 6 1867 1867 CD 33912 248 7 - - SYM 33912 248 8 1868 1868 CD 33912 248 9 by by IN 33912 248 10 the the DT 33912 248 11 Detroit Detroit NNP 33912 248 12 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 248 13 and and CC 33912 248 14 Iron Iron NNP 33912 248 15 Co. Co. NNP 33912 248 16 , , , 33912 248 17 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 248 18 licensee licensee NN 33912 248 19 . . . 33912 249 1 ( ( -LRB- 33912 249 2 Clarke Clarke NNP 33912 249 3 , , , 33912 249 4 _ _ NNP 33912 249 5 Account Account NNP 33912 249 6 of of IN 33912 249 7 the the DT 33912 249 8 Iron Iron NNP 33912 249 9 Railway Railway NNP 33912 249 10 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 249 11 ... ... : 33912 249 12 at at IN 33912 249 13 Quincy Quincy NNP 33912 249 14 , , , 33912 249 15 Illinois Illinois NNP 33912 249 16 _ _ NNP 33912 249 17 . . . 33912 249 18 ) ) -RRB- 33912 249 19 ] ] -RRB- 33912 250 1 The the DT 33912 250 2 most most RBS 33912 250 3 noteworthy noteworthy JJ 33912 250 4 of of IN 33912 250 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 250 6 's 's POS 33912 250 7 works work NNS 33912 250 8 in in IN 33912 250 9 this this DT 33912 250 10 period period NN 33912 250 11 was be VBD 33912 250 12 a a DT 33912 250 13 series series NN 33912 250 14 of of IN 33912 250 15 spans span NNS 33912 250 16 at at IN 33912 250 17 Harpers Harpers NNP 33912 250 18 Ferry Ferry NNP 33912 250 19 . . . 33912 251 1 The the DT 33912 251 2 B. B. NNP 33912 252 1 & & CC 33912 252 2 O. O. NNP 33912 253 1 's 's POS 33912 253 2 timber timber NNP 33912 253 3 bridge bridge NN 33912 253 4 had have VBD 33912 253 5 been be VBN 33912 253 6 destroyed destroy VBN 33912 253 7 by by IN 33912 253 8 Confederate Confederate NNP 33912 253 9 forces force NNS 33912 253 10 in in IN 33912 253 11 June June NNP 33912 253 12 1861 1861 CD 33912 253 13 , , , 33912 253 14 and and CC 33912 253 15 the the DT 33912 253 16 crossing crossing NN 33912 253 17 was be VBD 33912 253 18 thereafter thereafter RB 33912 253 19 made make VBN 33912 253 20 upon upon IN 33912 253 21 temporary temporary JJ 33912 253 22 trestlework trestlework NN 33912 253 23 . . . 33912 254 1 This this DT 33912 254 2 was be VBD 33912 254 3 a a DT 33912 254 4 constant constant JJ 33912 254 5 source source NN 33912 254 6 of of IN 33912 254 7 trouble trouble NN 33912 254 8 , , , 33912 254 9 with with IN 33912 254 10 continuing continue VBG 33912 254 11 interruptions interruption NNS 33912 254 12 of of IN 33912 254 13 the the DT 33912 254 14 connection connection NN 33912 254 15 from from IN 33912 254 16 high high JJ 33912 254 17 water water NN 33912 254 18 , , , 33912 254 19 washouts washout NNS 33912 254 20 , , , 33912 254 21 and and CC 33912 254 22 military military JJ 33912 254 23 actions action NNS 33912 254 24 . . . 33912 255 1 The the DT 33912 255 2 annoyance annoyance NN 33912 255 3 and and CC 33912 255 4 expense expense NN 33912 255 5 of of IN 33912 255 6 this this DT 33912 255 7 became become VBD 33912 255 8 so so RB 33912 255 9 great great JJ 33912 255 10 that that IN 33912 255 11 the the DT 33912 255 12 company company NN 33912 255 13 decided decide VBD 33912 255 14 to to TO 33912 255 15 risk risk VB 33912 255 16 an an DT 33912 255 17 iron iron NN 33912 255 18 bridge bridge NN 33912 255 19 at at IN 33912 255 20 the the DT 33912 255 21 crossing crossing NN 33912 255 22 . . . 33912 256 1 In in IN 33912 256 2 July July NNP 33912 256 3 and and CC 33912 256 4 August August NNP 33912 256 5 1862 1862 CD 33912 256 6 , , , 33912 256 7 two two CD 33912 256 8 sections section NNS 33912 256 9 of of IN 33912 256 10 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 256 11 truss truss NN 33912 256 12 , , , 33912 256 13 spans span VBZ 33912 256 14 no no UH 33912 256 15 . . . 33912 257 1 4 4 CD 33912 257 2 and and CC 33912 257 3 no no UH 33912 257 4 . . . 33912 258 1 5 5 CD 33912 258 2 were be VBD 33912 258 3 completed complete VBN 33912 258 4 . . . 33912 259 1 As as IN 33912 259 2 this this DT 33912 259 3 occurred occur VBD 33912 259 4 during during IN 33912 259 5 the the DT 33912 259 6 time time NN 33912 259 7 when when WRB 33912 259 8 W. W. NNP 33912 259 9 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 259 10 and and CC 33912 259 11 Company Company NNP 33912 259 12 was be VBD 33912 259 13 inoperative inoperative JJ 33912 259 14 , , , 33912 259 15 the the DT 33912 259 16 work work NN 33912 259 17 was be VBD 33912 259 18 produced produce VBN 33912 259 19 at at IN 33912 259 20 Mount Mount NNP 33912 259 21 Clair Clair NNP 33912 259 22 to to IN 33912 259 23 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 259 24 's 's POS 33912 259 25 design design NN 33912 259 26 and and CC 33912 259 27 , , , 33912 259 28 undoubtedly undoubtedly RB 33912 259 29 , , , 33912 259 30 erected erect VBN 33912 259 31 under under IN 33912 259 32 his -PRON- PRP$ 33912 259 33 supervision supervision NN 33912 259 34 . . . 33912 260 1 Five five CD 33912 260 2 weeks week NNS 33912 260 3 later later RB 33912 260 4 , , , 33912 260 5 on on IN 33912 260 6 September September NNP 33912 260 7 24 24 CD 33912 260 8 , , , 33912 260 9 these these DT 33912 260 10 and and CC 33912 260 11 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 260 12 's 's POS 33912 260 13 famous famous JJ 33912 260 14 Winchester Winchester NNP 33912 260 15 span span NN 33912 260 16 of of IN 33912 260 17 1851 1851 CD 33912 260 18 were be VBD 33912 260 19 blown blow VBN 33912 260 20 up up RP 33912 260 21 by by IN 33912 260 22 the the DT 33912 260 23 Confederates Confederates NNPS 33912 260 24 , , , 33912 260 25 and and CC 33912 260 26 the the DT 33912 260 27 line line NN 33912 260 28 's 's POS 33912 260 29 business business NN 33912 260 30 was be VBD 33912 260 31 again again RB 33912 260 32 placed place VBN 33912 260 33 at at IN 33912 260 34 the the DT 33912 260 35 mercy mercy NN 33912 260 36 of of IN 33912 260 37 trestling trestle VBG 33912 260 38 . . . 33912 261 1 The the DT 33912 261 2 spirit spirit NN 33912 261 3 of of IN 33912 261 4 the the DT 33912 261 5 B. B. NNP 33912 262 1 & & CC 33912 262 2 O. O. NNP 33912 262 3 administration administration NN 33912 262 4 indeed indeed RB 33912 262 5 seems seem VBZ 33912 262 6 to to TO 33912 262 7 have have VB 33912 262 8 been be VBN 33912 262 9 unshakable unshakable JJ 33912 262 10 when when WRB 33912 262 11 , , , 33912 262 12 in in IN 33912 262 13 the the DT 33912 262 14 face face NN 33912 262 15 of of IN 33912 262 16 such such JJ 33912 262 17 heartbreaking heartbreaking JJ 33912 262 18 setbacks setback NNS 33912 262 19 , , , 33912 262 20 it -PRON- PRP 33912 262 21 determined determine VBD 33912 262 22 to to TO 33912 262 23 again again RB 33912 262 24 bridge bridge VB 33912 262 25 the the DT 33912 262 26 river river NN 33912 262 27 with with IN 33912 262 28 iron iron NN 33912 262 29 , , , 33912 262 30 even even RB 33912 262 31 at at IN 33912 262 32 the the DT 33912 262 33 height height NN 33912 262 34 of of IN 33912 262 35 the the DT 33912 262 36 hostilities hostility NNS 33912 262 37 . . . 33912 263 1 In in IN 33912 263 2 November November NNP 33912 263 3 , , , 33912 263 4 span span VB 33912 263 5 no no UH 33912 263 6 . . . 33912 264 1 5 5 CD 33912 264 2 was be VBD 33912 264 3 erected erect VBN 33912 264 4 , , , 33912 264 5 and and CC 33912 264 6 by by IN 33912 264 7 April April NNP 33912 264 8 1863 1863 CD 33912 264 9 nos nos RB 33912 264 10 . . . 33912 265 1 3 3 CD 33912 265 2 , , , 33912 265 3 4 4 CD 33912 265 4 , , , 33912 265 5 and and CC 33912 265 6 6 6 CD 33912 265 7 also also RB 33912 265 8 . . . 33912 266 1 These these DT 33912 266 2 were be VBD 33912 266 3 the the DT 33912 266 4 four four CD 33912 266 5 straight straight JJ 33912 266 6 spans span NNS 33912 266 7 in in IN 33912 266 8 midriver midriver NN 33912 266 9 between between IN 33912 266 10 the the DT 33912 266 11 " " `` 33912 266 12 wide wide JJ 33912 266 13 " " '' 33912 266 14 ( ( -LRB- 33912 266 15 or or CC 33912 266 16 " " `` 33912 266 17 branch branch NN 33912 266 18 , , , 33912 266 19 " " '' 33912 266 20 or or CC 33912 266 21 " " `` 33912 266 22 wye wye WRB 33912 266 23 " " '' 33912 266 24 ) ) -RRB- 33912 266 25 span span NN 33912 266 26 and and CC 33912 266 27 the the DT 33912 266 28 span span NN 33912 266 29 on on IN 33912 266 30 the the DT 33912 266 31 Maryland Maryland NNP 33912 266 32 shore shore NN 33912 266 33 over over RP 33912 266 34 the the DT 33912 266 35 Chesapeake Chesapeake NNP 33912 266 36 and and CC 33912 266 37 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 266 38 Canal Canal NNP 33912 266 39 ( ( -LRB- 33912 266 40 see see VBP 33912 266 41 fig fig NN 33912 266 42 . . . 33912 267 1 13 13 CD 33912 267 2 ) ) -RRB- 33912 267 3 . . . 33912 268 1 Although although IN 33912 268 2 the the DT 33912 268 3 wood wood NN 33912 268 4 floor floor NN 33912 268 5 system system NN 33912 268 6 of of IN 33912 268 7 these these DT 33912 268 8 spans span NNS 33912 268 9 was be VBD 33912 268 10 burned burn VBN 33912 268 11 for for IN 33912 268 12 strategic strategic JJ 33912 268 13 reasons reason NNS 33912 268 14 by by IN 33912 268 15 U.S. U.S. NNP 33912 268 16 troops troop NNS 33912 268 17 later later RB 33912 268 18 in in IN 33912 268 19 1863 1863 CD 33912 268 20 , , , 33912 268 21 they -PRON- PRP 33912 268 22 survived survive VBD 33912 268 23 the the DT 33912 268 24 war war NN 33912 268 25 . . . 33912 269 1 In in IN 33912 269 2 1868 1868 CD 33912 269 3 the the DT 33912 269 4 remaining remain VBG 33912 269 5 trestlework trestlework NN 33912 269 6 was be VBD 33912 269 7 replaced replace VBN 33912 269 8 with with IN 33912 269 9 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 269 10 trusses truss NNS 33912 269 11 . . . 33912 270 1 This this DT 33912 270 2 magnificent magnificent JJ 33912 270 3 structure structure NN 33912 270 4 served serve VBD 33912 270 5 the the DT 33912 270 6 railroad railroad NN 33912 270 7 until until IN 33912 270 8 1894 1894 CD 33912 270 9 when when WRB 33912 270 10 the the DT 33912 270 11 right right JJ 33912 270 12 - - HYPH 33912 270 13 of of IN 33912 270 14 - - HYPH 33912 270 15 way way NN 33912 270 16 was be VBD 33912 270 17 realigned realign VBN 33912 270 18 at at IN 33912 270 19 Harpers Harpers NNP 33912 270 20 Ferry Ferry NNP 33912 270 21 . . . 33912 271 1 However however RB 33912 271 2 , , , 33912 271 3 the the DT 33912 271 4 half half NN 33912 271 5 used use VBN 33912 271 6 by by IN 33912 271 7 the the DT 33912 271 8 common common JJ 33912 271 9 road road NN 33912 271 10 remained remain VBD 33912 271 11 in in IN 33912 271 12 use use NN 33912 271 13 until until IN 33912 271 14 carried carry VBN 33912 271 15 away away RB 33912 271 16 by by IN 33912 271 17 the the DT 33912 271 18 disastrous disastrous JJ 33912 271 19 flood flood NN 33912 271 20 in in IN 33912 271 21 1936 1936 CD 33912 271 22 . . . 33912 272 1 The the DT 33912 272 2 piers pier NNS 33912 272 3 may may MD 33912 272 4 still still RB 33912 272 5 be be VB 33912 272 6 seen see VBN 33912 272 7 . . . 33912 273 1 During during IN 33912 273 2 the the DT 33912 273 3 prewar prewar JJ 33912 273 4 years year NNS 33912 273 5 , , , 33912 273 6 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 273 7 evolved evolve VBD 33912 273 8 a a DT 33912 273 9 structural structural JJ 33912 273 10 development development NN 33912 273 11 of of IN 33912 273 12 most most JJS 33912 273 13 profound profound JJ 33912 273 14 importance importance NN 33912 273 15 , , , 33912 273 16 which which WDT 33912 273 17 is be VBZ 33912 273 18 usually usually RB 33912 273 19 associated associate VBN 33912 273 20 with with IN 33912 273 21 the the DT 33912 273 22 Phoenix Phoenix NNP 33912 273 23 Iron Iron NNP 33912 273 24 Works Works NNP 33912 273 25 and and CC 33912 273 26 its -PRON- PRP$ 33912 273 27 founder founder NN 33912 273 28 , , , 33912 273 29 Samuel Samuel NNP 33912 273 30 J. J. NNP 33912 273 31 Reeves Reeves NNP 33912 273 32 . . . 33912 274 1 In in IN 33912 274 2 the the DT 33912 274 3 erection erection NN 33912 274 4 of of IN 33912 274 5 a a DT 33912 274 6 high high JJ 33912 274 7 trestlework trestlework NN 33912 274 8 viaduct viaduct NN 33912 274 9 for for IN 33912 274 10 the the DT 33912 274 11 Havana Havana NNP 33912 274 12 Railroad Railroad NNP 33912 274 13 , , , 33912 274 14 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 274 15 apparently apparently RB 33912 274 16 became become VBD 33912 274 17 concerned concerned JJ 33912 274 18 with with IN 33912 274 19 the the DT 33912 274 20 tensile tensile JJ 33912 274 21 weakness weakness NN 33912 274 22 of of IN 33912 274 23 cast cast NN 33912 274 24 iron iron NN 33912 274 25 when when WRB 33912 274 26 applied apply VBN 33912 274 27 in in IN 33912 274 28 long long JJ 33912 274 29 , , , 33912 274 30 unsupported unsupported JJ 33912 274 31 columns column NNS 33912 274 32 . . . 33912 275 1 Although although IN 33912 275 2 a a DT 33912 275 3 column column NN 33912 275 4 is be VBZ 33912 275 5 normally normally RB 33912 275 6 subjected subject VBN 33912 275 7 to to IN 33912 275 8 compressive compressive JJ 33912 275 9 stresses stress NNS 33912 275 10 , , , 33912 275 11 when when WRB 33912 275 12 the the DT 33912 275 13 slenderness slenderness NN 33912 275 14 ratio ratio NN 33912 275 15 -- -- : 33912 275 16 that that RB 33912 275 17 is is RB 33912 275 18 , , , 33912 275 19 the the DT 33912 275 20 length length NN 33912 275 21 divided divide VBN 33912 275 22 by by IN 33912 275 23 the the DT 33912 275 24 radius radius NN 33912 275 25 of of IN 33912 275 26 gyration gyration NN 33912 275 27 of of IN 33912 275 28 the the DT 33912 275 29 cross cross NN 33912 275 30 section section NN 33912 275 31 -- -- : 33912 275 32 becomes become VBZ 33912 275 33 great great JJ 33912 275 34 , , , 33912 275 35 a a DT 33912 275 36 secondary secondary JJ 33912 275 37 bending bend VBG 33912 275 38 stress stress NN 33912 275 39 may may MD 33912 275 40 be be VB 33912 275 41 produced produce VBN 33912 275 42 . . . 33912 276 1 If if IN 33912 276 2 this this DT 33912 276 3 stress stress NN 33912 276 4 becomes become VBZ 33912 276 5 great great JJ 33912 276 6 enough enough RB 33912 276 7 , , , 33912 276 8 the the DT 33912 276 9 value value NN 33912 276 10 of of IN 33912 276 11 the the DT 33912 276 12 tensile tensile JJ 33912 276 13 stress stress NN 33912 276 14 in in IN 33912 276 15 one one CD 33912 276 16 side side NN 33912 276 17 of of IN 33912 276 18 the the DT 33912 276 19 column column NN 33912 276 20 may may MD 33912 276 21 actually actually RB 33912 276 22 exceed exceed VB 33912 276 23 the the DT 33912 276 24 principal principal JJ 33912 276 25 compressive compressive JJ 33912 276 26 stress stress NN 33912 276 27 , , , 33912 276 28 and and CC 33912 276 29 a a DT 33912 276 30 net net JJ 33912 276 31 effect effect NN 33912 276 32 of of IN 33912 276 33 tension tension NN 33912 276 34 result result NN 33912 276 35 . . . 33912 277 1 [ [ -LRB- 33912 277 2 Illustration illustration NN 33912 277 3 : : : 33912 277 4 Figure figure VB 33912 277 5 18.--OHIO 18.--ohio CD 33912 277 6 RIVER river NN 33912 277 7 CROSSING CROSSING NNPS 33912 277 8 of of IN 33912 277 9 the the DT 33912 277 10 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 277 11 and and CC 33912 277 12 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 277 13 at at IN 33912 277 14 Benwood Benwood NNP 33912 277 15 , , , 33912 277 16 West West NNP 33912 277 17 Virginia Virginia NNP 33912 277 18 , , , 33912 277 19 completed complete VBN 33912 277 20 in in IN 33912 277 21 1870 1870 CD 33912 277 22 . . . 33912 278 1 Bollman bollman JJ 33912 278 2 deck deck NN 33912 278 3 trusses truss NNS 33912 278 4 were be VBD 33912 278 5 used use VBN 33912 278 6 in in IN 33912 278 7 the the DT 33912 278 8 approaches approach NNS 33912 278 9 on on IN 33912 278 10 both both DT 33912 278 11 sides side NNS 33912 278 12 . . . 33912 279 1 ( ( -LRB- 33912 279 2 Photo photo NN 33912 279 3 693 693 CD 33912 279 4 , , , 33912 279 5 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 279 6 and and CC 33912 279 7 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 279 8 Collection Collection NNP 33912 279 9 , , , 33912 279 10 Museum Museum NNP 33912 279 11 of of IN 33912 279 12 History History NNP 33912 279 13 and and CC 33912 279 14 Technology Technology NNP 33912 279 15 . . . 33912 279 16 ) ) -RRB- 33912 279 17 ] ] -RRB- 33912 280 1 [ [ -LRB- 33912 280 2 Illustration illustration NN 33912 280 3 : : : 33912 280 4 Figure figure NN 33912 280 5 19.--PATAPSCO 19.--patapsco CD 33912 280 6 RIVER river NN 33912 280 7 crossing crossing NN 33912 280 8 of of IN 33912 280 9 the the DT 33912 280 10 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 280 11 and and CC 33912 280 12 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 280 13 between between IN 33912 280 14 Thistle Thistle NNP 33912 280 15 and and CC 33912 280 16 Ilchester Ilchester NNP 33912 280 17 , , , 33912 280 18 Maryland Maryland NNP 33912 280 19 . . . 33912 281 1 ( ( -LRB- 33912 281 2 Photo photo NN 33912 281 3 695 695 CD 33912 281 4 , , , 33912 281 5 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 281 6 and and CC 33912 281 7 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 281 8 Collection Collection NNP 33912 281 9 , , , 33912 281 10 Museum Museum NNP 33912 281 11 of of IN 33912 281 12 History History NNP 33912 281 13 and and CC 33912 281 14 Technology Technology NNP 33912 281 15 . . . 33912 281 16 ) ) -RRB- 33912 281 17 ] ] -RRB- 33912 282 1 As as IN 33912 282 2 already already RB 33912 282 3 mentioned mention VBN 33912 282 4 , , , 33912 282 5 the the DT 33912 282 6 few few JJ 33912 282 7 available available JJ 33912 282 8 rolled roll VBN 33912 282 9 - - HYPH 33912 282 10 iron iron NN 33912 282 11 shapes shape NNS 33912 282 12 were be VBD 33912 282 13 of of IN 33912 282 14 relatively relatively RB 33912 282 15 small small JJ 33912 282 16 area area NN 33912 282 17 and and CC 33912 282 18 quite quite RB 33912 282 19 unsuitable unsuitable JJ 33912 282 20 for for IN 33912 282 21 use use NN 33912 282 22 as as IN 33912 282 23 columns column NNS 33912 282 24 unless unless IN 33912 282 25 combined combine VBN 33912 282 26 and and CC 33912 282 27 built build VBN 33912 282 28 up up RP 33912 282 29 in in IN 33912 282 30 complex complex JJ 33912 282 31 fabrications fabrication NNS 33912 282 32 . . . 33912 283 1 The the DT 33912 283 2 normal normal JJ 33912 283 3 practice practice NN 33912 283 4 at at IN 33912 283 5 the the DT 33912 283 6 time time NN 33912 283 7 was be VBD 33912 283 8 to to TO 33912 283 9 use use VB 33912 283 10 cast cast NN 33912 283 11 compression compression NN 33912 283 12 members member NNS 33912 283 13 in in IN 33912 283 14 iron iron NN 33912 283 15 bridges bridge NNS 33912 283 16 and and CC 33912 283 17 structures structure NNS 33912 283 18 , , , 33912 283 19 with with IN 33912 283 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 33912 283 21 sectional sectional JJ 33912 283 22 area area NN 33912 283 23 so so RB 33912 283 24 proportioned proportion VBD 33912 283 25 to to IN 33912 283 26 the the DT 33912 283 27 length length NN 33912 283 28 that that WDT 33912 283 29 a a DT 33912 283 30 state state NN 33912 283 31 of of IN 33912 283 32 tension tension NN 33912 283 33 could could MD 33912 283 34 not not RB 33912 283 35 exist exist VB 33912 283 36 . . . 33912 284 1 In in IN 33912 284 2 the the DT 33912 284 3 case case NN 33912 284 4 of of IN 33912 284 5 long long JJ 33912 284 6 members member NNS 33912 284 7 , , , 33912 284 8 this this DT 33912 284 9 naturally naturally RB 33912 284 10 meant mean VBD 33912 284 11 that that IN 33912 284 12 an an DT 33912 284 13 excessive excessive JJ 33912 284 14 amount amount NN 33912 284 15 of of IN 33912 284 16 material material NN 33912 284 17 was be VBD 33912 284 18 used use VBN 33912 284 19 . . . 33912 285 1 [ [ -LRB- 33912 285 2 Illustration illustration NN 33912 285 3 : : : 33912 285 4 Figure figure NN 33912 285 5 20.--TWO 20.--two CD 33912 285 6 VIEWS view NNS 33912 285 7 OF of IN 33912 285 8 BOLLMAN BOLLMAN NNP 33912 285 9 - - HYPH 33912 285 10 BUILT build VBN 33912 285 11 " " '' 33912 285 12 water water NN 33912 285 13 - - HYPH 33912 285 14 pipe pipe NN 33912 285 15 truss truss NN 33912 285 16 " " '' 33912 285 17 that that WDT 33912 285 18 carries carry VBZ 33912 285 19 Lombard Lombard NNP 33912 285 20 Street Street NNP 33912 285 21 over over IN 33912 285 22 Jones Jones NNP 33912 285 23 Falls Falls NNP 33912 285 24 in in IN 33912 285 25 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 285 26 . . . 33912 286 1 Built build VBN 33912 286 2 in in IN 33912 286 3 1877 1877 CD 33912 286 4 . . . 33912 286 5 ] ] -RRB- 33912 287 1 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 287 2 was be VBD 33912 287 3 conscious conscious JJ 33912 287 4 of of IN 33912 287 5 the the DT 33912 287 6 problem problem NN 33912 287 7 from from IN 33912 287 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 33912 287 9 experience experience NN 33912 287 10 with with IN 33912 287 11 the the DT 33912 287 12 stretchers stretcher NNS 33912 287 13 and and CC 33912 287 14 struts strut NNS 33912 287 15 of of IN 33912 287 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 33912 287 17 truss truss NN 33912 287 18 , , , 33912 287 19 and and CC 33912 287 20 he -PRON- PRP 33912 287 21 must must MD 33912 287 22 have have VB 33912 287 23 been be VBN 33912 287 24 aware aware JJ 33912 287 25 of of IN 33912 287 26 the the DT 33912 287 27 great great JJ 33912 287 28 advantage advantage NN 33912 287 29 which which WDT 33912 287 30 would would MD 33912 287 31 be be VB 33912 287 32 obtained obtain VBN 33912 287 33 by by IN 33912 287 34 a a DT 33912 287 35 practical practical JJ 33912 287 36 method method NN 33912 287 37 of of IN 33912 287 38 forming form VBG 33912 287 39 such such JJ 33912 287 40 members member NNS 33912 287 41 in in IN 33912 287 42 wrought wrought NN 33912 287 43 iron iron NN 33912 287 44 , , , 33912 287 45 the the DT 33912 287 46 tensile tensile JJ 33912 287 47 resistance resistance NN 33912 287 48 of of IN 33912 287 49 which which WDT 33912 287 50 is be VBZ 33912 287 51 equivalent equivalent JJ 33912 287 52 to to IN 33912 287 53 the the DT 33912 287 54 compressive compressive JJ 33912 287 55 . . . 33912 288 1 He -PRON- PRP 33912 288 2 eventually eventually RB 33912 288 3 developed develop VBD 33912 288 4 the the DT 33912 288 5 forerunner forerunner NN 33912 288 6 of of IN 33912 288 7 what what WP 33912 288 8 came come VBD 33912 288 9 to to TO 33912 288 10 be be VB 33912 288 11 known know VBN 33912 288 12 as as IN 33912 288 13 the the DT 33912 288 14 Phoenix Phoenix NNP 33912 288 15 form form NN 33912 288 16 by by IN 33912 288 17 having have VBG 33912 288 18 special special JJ 33912 288 19 segmental segmental JJ 33912 288 20 wrought wrought NN 33912 288 21 - - HYPH 33912 288 22 iron iron NN 33912 288 23 shapes shape NNS 33912 288 24 rolled roll VBN 33912 288 25 by by IN 33912 288 26 Morris Morris NNP 33912 288 27 , , , 33912 288 28 Tasker Tasker NNP 33912 288 29 and and CC 33912 288 30 Company Company NNP 33912 288 31 of of IN 33912 288 32 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 33912 288 33 , , , 33912 288 34 these these DT 33912 288 35 shapes shape NNS 33912 288 36 being be VBG 33912 288 37 combined combine VBN 33912 288 38 into into IN 33912 288 39 a a DT 33912 288 40 circular circular JJ 33912 288 41 section section NN 33912 288 42 with with IN 33912 288 43 outstanding outstanding JJ 33912 288 44 flanges flange NNS 33912 288 45 for for IN 33912 288 46 riveting rivet VBG 33912 288 47 together together RB 33912 288 48 . . . 33912 289 1 The the DT 33912 289 2 circular circular JJ 33912 289 3 section section NN 33912 289 4 is be VBZ 33912 289 5 theoretically theoretically RB 33912 289 6 the the DT 33912 289 7 most most RBS 33912 289 8 efficient efficient JJ 33912 289 9 to to TO 33912 289 10 bear bear VB 33912 289 11 compressive compressive JJ 33912 289 12 loading loading NN 33912 289 13 . . . 33912 290 1 A a DT 33912 290 2 column column NN 33912 290 3 of of IN 33912 290 4 any any DT 33912 290 5 required require VBN 33912 290 6 diameter diameter NN 33912 290 7 could could MD 33912 290 8 be be VB 33912 290 9 produced produce VBN 33912 290 10 by by IN 33912 290 11 simply simply RB 33912 290 12 increasing increase VBG 33912 290 13 the the DT 33912 290 14 number number NN 33912 290 15 of of IN 33912 290 16 segments segment NNS 33912 290 17 , , , 33912 290 18 the the DT 33912 290 19 individual individual JJ 33912 290 20 size size NN 33912 290 21 of of IN 33912 290 22 which which WDT 33912 290 23 never never RB 33912 290 24 exceeded exceed VBD 33912 290 25 contemporary contemporary JJ 33912 290 26 rolling rolling NN 33912 290 27 mill mill NN 33912 290 28 capacity capacity NN 33912 290 29 ( ( -LRB- 33912 290 30 see see VB 33912 290 31 fig fig NN 33912 290 32 . . . 33912 291 1 16 16 CD 33912 291 2 ) ) -RRB- 33912 291 3 . . . 33912 292 1 The the DT 33912 292 2 design design NN 33912 292 3 exhibits exhibit VBZ 33912 292 4 the the DT 33912 292 5 inspired inspire VBN 33912 292 6 combination combination NN 33912 292 7 of of IN 33912 292 8 functional functional JJ 33912 292 9 perfection perfection NN 33912 292 10 and and CC 33912 292 11 simplicity simplicity NN 33912 292 12 that that WDT 33912 292 13 seems seem VBZ 33912 292 14 to to TO 33912 292 15 characterize characterize VB 33912 292 16 most most JJS 33912 292 17 great great JJ 33912 292 18 inventions invention NNS 33912 292 19 . . . 33912 293 1 [ [ -LRB- 33912 293 2 Illustration illustration NN 33912 293 3 : : : 33912 293 4 Figure figure NN 33912 293 5 21.--THE 21.--the CD 33912 293 6 HARPERS HARPERS NNP 33912 293 7 FERRY FERRY NNP 33912 293 8 BRIDGE BRIDGE NNP 33912 293 9 toward toward IN 33912 293 10 the the DT 33912 293 11 end end NN 33912 293 12 of of IN 33912 293 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 33912 293 14 career career NN 33912 293 15 , , , 33912 293 16 carrying carry VBG 33912 293 17 a a DT 33912 293 18 common common JJ 33912 293 19 road road NN 33912 293 20 over over IN 33912 293 21 the the DT 33912 293 22 Potomac Potomac NNP 33912 293 23 . . . 33912 294 1 The the DT 33912 294 2 westernmost westernmost NN 33912 294 3 line line NN 33912 294 4 of of IN 33912 294 5 trussing truss VBG 33912 294 6 and and CC 33912 294 7 span span VBP 33912 294 8 no no UH 33912 294 9 . . . 33912 295 1 1 1 CD 33912 295 2 had have VBD 33912 295 3 been be VBN 33912 295 4 removed remove VBN 33912 295 5 long long RB 33912 295 6 before before RB 33912 295 7 . . . 33912 296 1 View view VB 33912 296 2 through through IN 33912 296 3 the the DT 33912 296 4 Winchester Winchester NNP 33912 296 5 span span NN 33912 296 6 looking look VBG 33912 296 7 toward toward IN 33912 296 8 Maryland Maryland NNP 33912 296 9 in in IN 33912 296 10 1933 1933 CD 33912 296 11 . . . 33912 297 1 ( ( -LRB- 33912 297 2 _ _ NNP 33912 297 3 Photo Photo NNP 33912 297 4 courtesy courtesy NN 33912 297 5 of of IN 33912 297 6 Harpers Harpers NNP 33912 297 7 Ferry Ferry NNP 33912 297 8 National National NNP 33912 297 9 Historical Historical NNP 33912 297 10 Park Park NNP 33912 297 11 . . . 33912 297 12 _ _ NNP 33912 297 13 ) ) -RRB- 33912 297 14 ] ] -RRB- 33912 297 15 It -PRON- PRP 33912 297 16 may may MD 33912 297 17 have have VB 33912 297 18 been be VBN 33912 297 19 because because IN 33912 297 20 he -PRON- PRP 33912 297 21 had have VBD 33912 297 22 no no DT 33912 297 23 facilities facility NNS 33912 297 24 for for IN 33912 297 25 rolling roll VBG 33912 297 26 that that WDT 33912 297 27 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 297 28 communicated communicate VBD 33912 297 29 his -PRON- PRP$ 33912 297 30 idea idea NN 33912 297 31 to to IN 33912 297 32 Reeves Reeves NNP 33912 297 33 , , , 33912 297 34 although although IN 33912 297 35 this this DT 33912 297 36 seems seem VBZ 33912 297 37 illogical illogical JJ 33912 297 38 . . . 33912 298 1 At at IN 33912 298 2 any any DT 33912 298 3 rate rate NN 33912 298 4 , , , 33912 298 5 Reeves Reeves NNP 33912 298 6 and and CC 33912 298 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 33912 298 8 associates associate NNS 33912 298 9 patented patent VBD 33912 298 10 the the DT 33912 298 11 system system NN 33912 298 12 extensively extensively RB 33912 298 13 , , , 33912 298 14 and and CC 33912 298 15 the the DT 33912 298 16 Phoenix Phoenix NNP 33912 298 17 column column NN 33912 298 18 was be VBD 33912 298 19 eventually eventually RB 33912 298 20 employed employ VBN 33912 298 21 to to IN 33912 298 22 the the DT 33912 298 23 virtual virtual JJ 33912 298 24 exclusion exclusion NN 33912 298 25 of of IN 33912 298 26 cast cast NN 33912 298 27 - - HYPH 33912 298 28 iron iron NN 33912 298 29 and and CC 33912 298 30 other other JJ 33912 298 31 types type NNS 33912 298 32 of of IN 33912 298 33 wrought wrought NN 33912 298 34 - - HYPH 33912 298 35 iron iron NN 33912 298 36 columns column NNS 33912 298 37 . . . 33912 299 1 By by IN 33912 299 2 the the DT 33912 299 3 end end NN 33912 299 4 of of IN 33912 299 5 the the DT 33912 299 6 19th 19th JJ 33912 299 7 century century NN 33912 299 8 it -PRON- PRP 33912 299 9 began begin VBD 33912 299 10 to to TO 33912 299 11 pass pass VB 33912 299 12 from from IN 33912 299 13 use use NN 33912 299 14 , , , 33912 299 15 as as IN 33912 299 16 mills mill NNS 33912 299 17 became become VBD 33912 299 18 capable capable JJ 33912 299 19 of of IN 33912 299 20 producing produce VBG 33912 299 21 larger large JJR 33912 299 22 sections section NNS 33912 299 23 with with IN 33912 299 24 properties property NNS 33912 299 25 relatively relatively RB 33912 299 26 favorable favorable JJ 33912 299 27 to to TO 33912 299 28 column column VB 33912 299 29 use use NN 33912 299 30 and and CC 33912 299 31 more more RBR 33912 299 32 adaptable adaptable JJ 33912 299 33 to to IN 33912 299 34 connection connection NN 33912 299 35 with with IN 33912 299 36 other other JJ 33912 299 37 members member NNS 33912 299 38 . . . 33912 300 1 Final final JJ 33912 300 2 Use Use NNP 33912 300 3 of of IN 33912 300 4 the the DT 33912 300 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 300 6 Truss Truss NNP 33912 300 7 The the DT 33912 300 8 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 300 9 truss truss NN 33912 300 10 found find VBD 33912 300 11 occasional occasional JJ 33912 300 12 use use NN 33912 300 13 elsewhere elsewhere RB 33912 300 14 than than IN 33912 300 15 on on IN 33912 300 16 the the DT 33912 300 17 B. B. NNP 33912 301 1 & & CC 33912 301 2 O. O. NNP 33912 301 3 lines line NNS 33912 301 4 , , , 33912 301 5 but but CC 33912 301 6 generally generally RB 33912 301 7 only only RB 33912 301 8 when when WRB 33912 301 9 erected erect VBN 33912 301 10 on on IN 33912 301 11 contract contract NN 33912 301 12 by by IN 33912 301 13 Patapsco Patapsco NNP 33912 301 14 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 301 15 and and CC 33912 301 16 Iron Iron NNP 33912 301 17 Works Works NNP 33912 301 18 . . . 33912 302 1 However however RB 33912 302 2 , , , 33912 302 3 the the DT 33912 302 4 fact fact NN 33912 302 5 that that IN 33912 302 6 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 302 7 could could MD 33912 302 8 profitably profitably RB 33912 302 9 erect erect VB 33912 302 10 this this DT 33912 302 11 bridge bridge NN 33912 302 12 in in IN 33912 302 13 the the DT 33912 302 14 severely severely RB 33912 302 15 competitive competitive JJ 33912 302 16 1870 1870 CD 33912 302 17 's 's POS 33912 302 18 indicates indicate NNS 33912 302 19 that that IN 33912 302 20 the the DT 33912 302 21 harsh harsh JJ 33912 302 22 criticism criticism NN 33912 302 23 of of IN 33912 302 24 the the DT 33912 302 25 system system NN 33912 302 26 by by IN 33912 302 27 authorities authority NNS 33912 302 28 of of IN 33912 302 29 such such JJ 33912 302 30 stature stature NN 33912 302 31 as as IN 33912 302 32 Whipple Whipple NNP 33912 302 33 was be VBD 33912 302 34 not not RB 33912 302 35 necessarily necessarily RB 33912 302 36 justified justify VBN 33912 302 37 . . . 33912 303 1 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 303 2 's 's POS 33912 303 3 advertisements advertisement NNS 33912 303 4 , , , 33912 303 5 in in IN 33912 303 6 fact fact NN 33912 303 7 , , , 33912 303 8 refer refer VB 33912 303 9 to to IN 33912 303 10 the the DT 33912 303 11 favorable favorable JJ 33912 303 12 recommendations recommendation NNS 33912 303 13 of of IN 33912 303 14 other other JJ 33912 303 15 such such JJ 33912 303 16 renowned renowned JJ 33912 303 17 engineers engineer NNS 33912 303 18 as as IN 33912 303 19 Herman Herman NNP 33912 303 20 Haupt Haupt NNP 33912 303 21 and and CC 33912 303 22 M. M. NNP 33912 303 23 C. C. NNP 33912 303 24 Meigs Meigs NNP 33912 303 25 . . . 33912 304 1 [ [ -LRB- 33912 304 2 Illustration illustration NN 33912 304 3 : : : 33912 304 4 Figure figure NN 33912 304 5 22.--BOLLMAN 22.--bollman CD 33912 304 6 DECK deck NN 33912 304 7 TRUSSES truss NNS 33912 304 8 in in IN 33912 304 9 the the DT 33912 304 10 North North NNP 33912 304 11 River River NNP 33912 304 12 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 304 13 built build VBN 33912 304 14 in in IN 33912 304 15 1873 1873 CD 33912 304 16 at at IN 33912 304 17 Mount Mount NNP 33912 304 18 Crawford Crawford NNP 33912 304 19 , , , 33912 304 20 Virginia Virginia NNP 33912 304 21 , , , 33912 304 22 on on IN 33912 304 23 the the DT 33912 304 24 Valley Valley NNP 33912 304 25 Railroad Railroad NNP 33912 304 26 of of IN 33912 304 27 Virginia Virginia NNP 33912 304 28 ( ( -LRB- 33912 304 29 B. B. NNP 33912 305 1 & & CC 33912 305 2 O. O. NNP 33912 305 3 ) ) -RRB- 33912 305 4 . . . 33912 306 1 Each each DT 33912 306 2 end end NN 33912 306 3 span span NN 33912 306 4 is be VBZ 33912 306 5 98 98 CD 33912 306 6 ft ft NN 33912 306 7 . . NNP 33912 306 8 6 6 CD 33912 306 9 in in IN 33912 306 10 . . . 33912 307 1 ; ; : 33912 307 2 the the DT 33912 307 3 river river NN 33912 307 4 span span NN 33912 307 5 is be VBZ 33912 307 6 148 148 CD 33912 307 7 ft ft NN 33912 307 8 . . NNP 33912 307 9 9 9 CD 33912 307 10 in in IN 33912 307 11 . . . 33912 308 1 ( ( -LRB- 33912 308 2 Photo Photo NNP 33912 308 3 756 756 CD 33912 308 4 , , , 33912 308 5 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 308 6 and and CC 33912 308 7 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 308 8 Collection Collection NNP 33912 308 9 , , , 33912 308 10 Museum Museum NNP 33912 308 11 of of IN 33912 308 12 History History NNP 33912 308 13 and and CC 33912 308 14 Technology Technology NNP 33912 308 15 . . . 33912 308 16 ) ) -RRB- 33912 308 17 ] ] -RRB- 33912 309 1 An an DT 33912 309 2 interesting interesting JJ 33912 309 3 application application NN 33912 309 4 of of IN 33912 309 5 the the DT 33912 309 6 system system NN 33912 309 7 was be VBD 33912 309 8 in in IN 33912 309 9 a a DT 33912 309 10 drawbridge drawbridge NN 33912 309 11 , , , 33912 309 12 formed form VBN 33912 309 13 of of IN 33912 309 14 two two CD 33912 309 15 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 309 16 deck deck NN 33912 309 17 spans span NNS 33912 309 18 , , , 33912 309 19 over over IN 33912 309 20 an an DT 33912 309 21 arm arm NN 33912 309 22 of of IN 33912 309 23 the the DT 33912 309 24 Mississippi Mississippi NNP 33912 309 25 at at IN 33912 309 26 Quincy Quincy NNP 33912 309 27 , , , 33912 309 28 Illinois Illinois NNP 33912 309 29 ( ( -LRB- 33912 309 30 see see UH 33912 309 31 fig fig NN 33912 309 32 . . . 33912 310 1 17 17 CD 33912 310 2 ) ) -RRB- 33912 310 3 . . . 33912 311 1 The the DT 33912 311 2 first first JJ 33912 311 3 iron iron NN 33912 311 4 bridge bridge NN 33912 311 5 in in IN 33912 311 6 Mexico Mexico NNP 33912 311 7 was be VBD 33912 311 8 erected erect VBN 33912 311 9 by by IN 33912 311 10 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 311 11 over over IN 33912 311 12 the the DT 33912 311 13 Medellín Medellín NNP 33912 311 14 River River NNP 33912 311 15 about about IN 33912 311 16 1864 1864 CD 33912 311 17 . . . 33912 312 1 Another another DT 33912 312 2 work work NN 33912 312 3 of of IN 33912 312 4 this this DT 33912 312 5 period period NN 33912 312 6 , , , 33912 312 7 which which WDT 33912 312 8 attracted attract VBD 33912 312 9 considerable considerable JJ 33912 312 10 attention attention NN 33912 312 11 , , , 33912 312 12 was be VBD 33912 312 13 a a DT 33912 312 14 pair pair NN 33912 312 15 of of IN 33912 312 16 bridges bridge NNS 33912 312 17 that that WDT 33912 312 18 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 312 19 erected erect VBD 33912 312 20 over over IN 33912 312 21 North North NNP 33912 312 22 Carolina Carolina NNP 33912 312 23 's 's POS 33912 312 24 Cape Cape NNP 33912 312 25 Fear Fear NNP 33912 312 26 River River NNP 33912 312 27 in in IN 33912 312 28 1867 1867 CD 33912 312 29 - - SYM 33912 312 30 1868 1868 CD 33912 312 31 . . . 33912 313 1 These these DT 33912 313 2 bridges bridge NNS 33912 313 3 were be VBD 33912 313 4 notable notable JJ 33912 313 5 for for IN 33912 313 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 33912 313 7 foundation foundation NN 33912 313 8 on on IN 33912 313 9 cast cast NN 33912 313 10 - - HYPH 33912 313 11 iron iron NN 33912 313 12 cylinders cylinder NNS 33912 313 13 , , , 33912 313 14 sunk sink VBN 33912 313 15 pneumatically pneumatically RB 33912 313 16 . . . 33912 314 1 This this DT 33912 314 2 was be VBD 33912 314 3 one one CD 33912 314 4 of of IN 33912 314 5 the the DT 33912 314 6 first first JJ 33912 314 7 instances instance NNS 33912 314 8 of of IN 33912 314 9 the the DT 33912 314 10 use use NN 33912 314 11 of of IN 33912 314 12 the the DT 33912 314 13 process process NN 33912 314 14 in in IN 33912 314 15 America America NNP 33912 314 16 , , , 33912 314 17 and and CC 33912 314 18 the the DT 33912 314 19 depth depth NN 33912 314 20 of of IN 33912 314 21 80 80 CD 33912 314 22 feet foot NNS 33912 314 23 below below IN 33912 314 24 the the DT 33912 314 25 water water NN 33912 314 26 surface surface NN 33912 314 27 reached reach VBN 33912 314 28 by by IN 33912 314 29 one one CD 33912 314 30 cylinder cylinder NN 33912 314 31 was be VBD 33912 314 32 considered consider VBN 33912 314 33 remarkable remarkable JJ 33912 314 34 for for IN 33912 314 35 years year NNS 33912 314 36 afterward afterward RB 33912 314 37 . . . 33912 315 1 In in IN 33912 315 2 the the DT 33912 315 3 last last JJ 33912 315 4 active active JJ 33912 315 5 decade decade NN 33912 315 6 or or CC 33912 315 7 so so RB 33912 315 8 of of IN 33912 315 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 33912 315 10 career career NN 33912 315 11 , , , 33912 315 12 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 315 13 produced produce VBD 33912 315 14 hundreds hundred NNS 33912 315 15 of of IN 33912 315 16 minor minor JJ 33912 315 17 bridges bridge NNS 33912 315 18 and and CC 33912 315 19 other other JJ 33912 315 20 structures structure NNS 33912 315 21 . . . 33912 316 1 In in IN 33912 316 2 1873 1873 CD 33912 316 3 he -PRON- PRP 33912 316 4 supplied supply VBD 33912 316 5 the the DT 33912 316 6 castings casting NNS 33912 316 7 for for IN 33912 316 8 the the DT 33912 316 9 splendid splendid JJ 33912 316 10 iron iron NN 33912 316 11 dome dome NN 33912 316 12 of of IN 33912 316 13 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 316 14 's 's POS 33912 316 15 City City NNP 33912 316 16 Hall Hall NNP 33912 316 17 and and CC 33912 316 18 erected erect VBD 33912 316 19 the the DT 33912 316 20 ingenious ingenious JJ 33912 316 21 water water NN 33912 316 22 - - HYPH 33912 316 23 main main JJ 33912 316 24 truss truss NN 33912 316 25 which which WDT 33912 316 26 carries carry VBZ 33912 316 27 Lombard Lombard NNP 33912 316 28 Street Street NNP 33912 316 29 over over IN 33912 316 30 Jones Jones NNP 33912 316 31 Falls Falls NNP 33912 316 32 in in IN 33912 316 33 that that DT 33912 316 34 city city NN 33912 316 35 . . . 33912 317 1 In in IN 33912 317 2 this this DT 33912 317 3 structure structure NN 33912 317 4 the the DT 33912 317 5 top top JJ 33912 317 6 and and CC 33912 317 7 bottom bottom JJ 33912 317 8 chords chord NNS 33912 317 9 of of IN 33912 317 10 the the DT 33912 317 11 central central JJ 33912 317 12 line line NN 33912 317 13 of of IN 33912 317 14 trussing truss VBG 33912 317 15 are be VBP 33912 317 16 cast cast VBN 33912 317 17 - - HYPH 33912 317 18 iron iron NN 33912 317 19 water water NN 33912 317 20 mains main NNS 33912 317 21 , , , 33912 317 22 bifurcated bifurcate VBN 33912 317 23 at at IN 33912 317 24 the the DT 33912 317 25 abutments abutment NNS 33912 317 26 , , , 33912 317 27 and and CC 33912 317 28 joined join VBN 33912 317 29 by by IN 33912 317 30 cast- cast- NN 33912 317 31 and and CC 33912 317 32 wrought wrought NN 33912 317 33 - - HYPH 33912 317 34 iron iron NN 33912 317 35 web web NN 33912 317 36 members member NNS 33912 317 37 ( ( -LRB- 33912 317 38 see see VB 33912 317 39 fig fig NN 33912 317 40 . . . 33912 318 1 20 20 CD 33912 318 2 ) ) -RRB- 33912 318 3 . . . 33912 319 1 In in IN 33912 319 2 the the DT 33912 319 3 mid mid JJ 33912 319 4 1870 1870 CD 33912 319 5 's 's POS 33912 319 6 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 319 7 saw see VBD 33912 319 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 33912 319 9 truss truss NN 33912 319 10 pass pass VB 33912 319 11 into into IN 33912 319 12 obsolescence obsolescence NN 33912 319 13 . . . 33912 320 1 This this DT 33912 320 2 was be VBD 33912 320 3 due due JJ 33912 320 4 primarily primarily RB 33912 320 5 to to IN 33912 320 6 the the DT 33912 320 7 generally generally RB 33912 320 8 increasing increase VBG 33912 320 9 distrust distrust NN 33912 320 10 of of IN 33912 320 11 cast cast NN 33912 320 12 iron iron NN 33912 320 13 for for IN 33912 320 14 major major JJ 33912 320 15 structural structural JJ 33912 320 16 members member NNS 33912 320 17 due due JJ 33912 320 18 to to IN 33912 320 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 33912 320 20 brittleness brittleness NN 33912 320 21 , , , 33912 320 22 but but CC 33912 320 23 advances advance NNS 33912 320 24 in in IN 33912 320 25 structural structural JJ 33912 320 26 theory theory NN 33912 320 27 , , , 33912 320 28 availability availability NN 33912 320 29 of of IN 33912 320 30 a a DT 33912 320 31 greater great JJR 33912 320 32 variety variety NN 33912 320 33 of of IN 33912 320 34 rolled roll VBN 33912 320 35 structural structural JJ 33912 320 36 shapes shape NNS 33912 320 37 , , , 33912 320 38 and and CC 33912 320 39 the the DT 33912 320 40 increasing increase VBG 33912 320 41 loading loading NN 33912 320 42 patterns pattern NNS 33912 320 43 of of IN 33912 320 44 the the DT 33912 320 45 period period NN 33912 320 46 all all DT 33912 320 47 contributed contribute VBD 33912 320 48 . . . 33912 321 1 [ [ -LRB- 33912 321 2 Illustration illustration NN 33912 321 3 : : : 33912 321 4 Figure figure NN 33912 321 5 23.--THE 23.--the CD 33912 321 6 ONLY only RB 33912 321 7 SURVIVING survive VBG 33912 321 8 BOLLMAN BOLLMAN NNP 33912 321 9 TRUSS TRUSS NNP 33912 321 10 BRIDGE BRIDGE NNP 33912 321 11 , , , 33912 321 12 at at IN 33912 321 13 Savage Savage NNP 33912 321 14 , , , 33912 321 15 Maryland Maryland NNP 33912 321 16 . . . 33912 322 1 The the DT 33912 322 2 bridge bridge NN 33912 322 3 was be VBD 33912 322 4 built build VBN 33912 322 5 elsewhere elsewhere RB 33912 322 6 in in IN 33912 322 7 1852 1852 CD 33912 322 8 and and CC 33912 322 9 was be VBD 33912 322 10 moved move VBN 33912 322 11 to to IN 33912 322 12 this this DT 33912 322 13 now now RB 33912 322 14 - - HYPH 33912 322 15 abandoned abandon VBN 33912 322 16 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 322 17 and and CC 33912 322 18 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 322 19 industrial industrial JJ 33912 322 20 siding siding NN 33912 322 21 in in IN 33912 322 22 about about RB 33912 322 23 1888 1888 CD 33912 322 24 . . . 33912 322 25 ] ] -RRB- 33912 323 1 Although although IN 33912 323 2 no no DT 33912 323 3 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 323 4 trusses truss NNS 33912 323 5 were be VBD 33912 323 6 built build VBN 33912 323 7 by by IN 33912 323 8 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 323 9 or or CC 33912 323 10 the the DT 33912 323 11 B. B. NNP 33912 324 1 & & CC 33912 324 2 O. O. NNP 33912 324 3 after after IN 33912 324 4 1875 1875 CD 33912 324 5 , , , 33912 324 6 those those DT 33912 324 7 in in IN 33912 324 8 use use NN 33912 324 9 were be VBD 33912 324 10 only only RB 33912 324 11 removed remove VBN 33912 324 12 as as IN 33912 324 13 required require VBN 33912 324 14 by by IN 33912 324 15 heavier heavy JJR 33912 324 16 motive motive JJ 33912 324 17 power power NN 33912 324 18 . . . 33912 325 1 The the DT 33912 325 2 Harpers Harpers NNP 33912 325 3 Ferry Ferry NNP 33912 325 4 span span NN 33912 325 5 , , , 33912 325 6 as as IN 33912 325 7 noted note VBN 33912 325 8 , , , 33912 325 9 remained remain VBD 33912 325 10 in in IN 33912 325 11 full full JJ 33912 325 12 main main JJ 33912 325 13 - - HYPH 33912 325 14 line line NN 33912 325 15 service service NN 33912 325 16 until until IN 33912 325 17 1894 1894 CD 33912 325 18 . . . 33912 326 1 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 326 2 trusses truss NNS 33912 326 3 on on IN 33912 326 4 feeder feeder NN 33912 326 5 lines line NNS 33912 326 6 were be VBD 33912 326 7 continued continue VBN 33912 326 8 in in IN 33912 326 9 use use NN 33912 326 10 until until IN 33912 326 11 much much RB 33912 326 12 later later RB 33912 326 13 ; ; : 33912 326 14 a a DT 33912 326 15 number number NN 33912 326 16 of of IN 33912 326 17 them -PRON- PRP 33912 326 18 on on IN 33912 326 19 the the DT 33912 326 20 Valley Valley NNP 33912 326 21 Railroad Railroad NNP 33912 326 22 of of IN 33912 326 23 Virginia Virginia NNP 33912 326 24 ( ( -LRB- 33912 326 25 see see UH 33912 326 26 fig fig NN 33912 326 27 . . . 33912 327 1 22 22 CD 33912 327 2 ) ) -RRB- 33912 327 3 were be VBD 33912 327 4 not not RB 33912 327 5 removed remove VBN 33912 327 6 until until IN 33912 327 7 1923 1923 CD 33912 327 8 . . . 33912 328 1 However however RB 33912 328 2 , , , 33912 328 3 only only RB 33912 328 4 on on IN 33912 328 5 the the DT 33912 328 6 most most RBS 33912 328 7 isolated isolated JJ 33912 328 8 spurs spur NNS 33912 328 9 was be VBD 33912 328 10 the the DT 33912 328 11 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 328 12 truss truss NN 33912 328 13 permitted permit VBD 33912 328 14 to to TO 33912 328 15 reach reach VB 33912 328 16 really really RB 33912 328 17 ripe ripe JJ 33912 328 18 age age NN 33912 328 19 . . . 33912 329 1 The the DT 33912 329 2 sole sole NN 33912 329 3 known know VBD 33912 329 4 remaining remain VBG 33912 329 5 example example NN 33912 329 6 ( ( -LRB- 33912 329 7 fig fig NN 33912 329 8 . . . 33912 330 1 23 23 LS 33912 330 2 ) ) -RRB- 33912 330 3 stands stand VBZ 33912 330 4 on on IN 33912 330 5 such such PDT 33912 330 6 a a DT 33912 330 7 branch branch NN 33912 330 8 -- -- : 33912 330 9 ironically ironically RB 33912 330 10 , , , 33912 330 11 at at IN 33912 330 12 Savage Savage NNP 33912 330 13 , , , 33912 330 14 over over IN 33912 330 15 the the DT 33912 330 16 Little Little NNP 33912 330 17 Patuxent Patuxent NNP 33912 330 18 , , , 33912 330 19 the the DT 33912 330 20 site site NN 33912 330 21 of of IN 33912 330 22 the the DT 33912 330 23 first first JJ 33912 330 24 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 330 25 span span NN 33912 330 26 . . . 33912 331 1 This this DT 33912 331 2 is be VBZ 33912 331 3 not not RB 33912 331 4 the the DT 33912 331 5 1850 1850 CD 33912 331 6 bridge bridge NN 33912 331 7 , , , 33912 331 8 but but CC 33912 331 9 one one CD 33912 331 10 built build VBD 33912 331 11 in in IN 33912 331 12 1852 1852 CD 33912 331 13 and and CC 33912 331 14 moved move VBD 33912 331 15 to to IN 33912 331 16 the the DT 33912 331 17 present present JJ 33912 331 18 site site NN 33912 331 19 30 30 CD 33912 331 20 years year NNS 33912 331 21 later later RB 33912 331 22 . . . 33912 332 1 The the DT 33912 332 2 fate fate NN 33912 332 3 of of IN 33912 332 4 the the DT 33912 332 5 first first JJ 33912 332 6 span span NN 33912 332 7 is be VBZ 33912 332 8 not not RB 33912 332 9 known know VBN 33912 332 10 . . . 33912 333 1 [ [ -LRB- 33912 333 2 Illustration illustration NN 33912 333 3 : : : 33912 333 4 Figure figure NN 33912 333 5 24.--HOT 24.--hot CD 33912 333 6 - - : 33912 333 7 WATER water NN 33912 333 8 AND and CC 33912 333 9 CHOCOLATE CHOCOLATE NNP 33912 333 10 PITCHERS pitcher NNS 33912 333 11 of of IN 33912 333 12 the the DT 33912 333 13 10-piece 10-piece CD 33912 333 14 , , , 33912 333 15 silver silver NN 33912 333 16 tea tea NN 33912 333 17 service service NN 33912 333 18 presented present VBN 33912 333 19 to to IN 33912 333 20 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 333 21 by by IN 33912 333 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 33912 333 23 fellow fellow JJ 33912 333 24 employees employee NNS 33912 333 25 when when WRB 33912 333 26 he -PRON- PRP 33912 333 27 resigned resign VBD 33912 333 28 from from IN 33912 333 29 the the DT 33912 333 30 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 333 31 and and CC 33912 333 32 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 333 33 in in IN 33912 333 34 1858 1858 CD 33912 333 35 . . . 33912 334 1 A a DT 33912 334 2 railroad railroad NN 33912 334 3 motif motif NN 33912 334 4 was be VBD 33912 334 5 used use VBN 33912 334 6 throughout throughout IN 33912 334 7 , , , 33912 334 8 each each DT 33912 334 9 piece piece NN 33912 334 10 being be VBG 33912 334 11 circled circle VBN 33912 334 12 at at IN 33912 334 13 top top NN 33912 334 14 and and CC 33912 334 15 bottom bottom NN 33912 334 16 by by IN 33912 334 17 a a DT 33912 334 18 track track NN 33912 334 19 , , , 33912 334 20 complete complete JJ 33912 334 21 with with IN 33912 334 22 rail rail NN 33912 334 23 of of IN 33912 334 24 accurate accurate JJ 33912 334 25 section section NN 33912 334 26 and and CC 33912 334 27 ties tie NNS 33912 334 28 . . . 33912 335 1 Spouts spout NNS 33912 335 2 are be VBP 33912 335 3 in in IN 33912 335 4 simulation simulation NN 33912 335 5 of of IN 33912 335 6 hexagonal hexagonal JJ 33912 335 7 sheet sheet NN 33912 335 8 - - HYPH 33912 335 9 iron iron NN 33912 335 10 chimneys chimney NNS 33912 335 11 , , , 33912 335 12 with with IN 33912 335 13 seams seam NNS 33912 335 14 riveted rivet VBN 33912 335 15 , , , 33912 335 16 and and CC 33912 335 17 the the DT 33912 335 18 handles handle NNS 33912 335 19 are be VBP 33912 335 20 in in IN 33912 335 21 the the DT 33912 335 22 form form NN 33912 335 23 of of IN 33912 335 24 a a DT 33912 335 25 surveyor surveyor NN 33912 335 26 's 's POS 33912 335 27 telescope telescope NN 33912 335 28 . . . 33912 336 1 On on IN 33912 336 2 the the DT 33912 336 3 various various JJ 33912 336 4 pieces piece NNS 33912 336 5 are be VBP 33912 336 6 engraved engrave VBN 33912 336 7 the the DT 33912 336 8 designs design NNS 33912 336 9 of of IN 33912 336 10 the the DT 33912 336 11 more more RBR 33912 336 12 important important JJ 33912 336 13 B. B. NNP 33912 337 1 & & CC 33912 337 2 O. O. NNP 33912 337 3 bridges bridge NNS 33912 337 4 . . . 33912 338 1 Throughout throughout IN 33912 338 2 is be VBZ 33912 338 3 a a DT 33912 338 4 wonderful wonderful JJ 33912 338 5 profusion profusion NN 33912 338 6 of of IN 33912 338 7 bits bit NNS 33912 338 8 and and CC 33912 338 9 objects object NNS 33912 338 10 of of IN 33912 338 11 railroadiana railroadiana NNP 33912 338 12 in in IN 33912 338 13 low low JJ 33912 338 14 relief relief NN 33912 338 15 , , , 33912 338 16 high high JJ 33912 338 17 relief relief NN 33912 338 18 , , , 33912 338 19 and and CC 33912 338 20 fully fully RB 33912 338 21 modeled model VBN 33912 338 22 . . . 33912 339 1 In in IN 33912 339 2 Board Board NNP 33912 339 3 of of IN 33912 339 4 Directors Directors NNPS 33912 339 5 Room Room NNP 33912 339 6 , , , 33912 339 7 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 339 8 and and CC 33912 339 9 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 339 10 Railroad Railroad NNP 33912 339 11 Company Company NNP 33912 339 12 , , , 33912 339 13 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 339 14 , , , 33912 339 15 Md. Md. NNP 33912 340 1 ( ( -LRB- 33912 340 2 _ _ NNP 33912 340 3 Photo Photo NNP 33912 340 4 courtesy courtesy NN 33912 340 5 of of IN 33912 340 6 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 340 7 and and CC 33912 340 8 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 340 9 Railroad Railroad NNP 33912 340 10 . . . 33912 340 11 _ _ NNP 33912 340 12 ) ) -RRB- 33912 340 13 ] ] -RRB- 33912 340 14 Known know VBN 33912 340 15 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 340 16 Works Works NNP 33912 340 17 ( ( -LRB- 33912 340 18 All all DT 33912 340 19 B. B. NNP 33912 341 1 & & CC 33912 341 2 O. O. NNP 33912 341 3 works work VBZ 33912 341 4 listed list VBN 33912 341 5 were be VBD 33912 341 6 designed design VBN 33912 341 7 by by IN 33912 341 8 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 341 9 and and CC 33912 341 10 built build VBN 33912 341 11 by by IN 33912 341 12 the the DT 33912 341 13 railroad railroad NN 33912 341 14 , , , 33912 341 15 unless unless IN 33912 341 16 otherwise otherwise RB 33912 341 17 indicated indicate VBN 33912 341 18 . . . 33912 341 19 ) ) -RRB- 33912 342 1 Dates date NNS 33912 342 2 of of IN 33912 342 3 Location location NN 33912 342 4 Type type NN 33912 342 5 No no UH 33912 342 6 . . . 33912 343 1 spans spans NNPS 33912 343 2 Remarks Remarks NNPS 33912 343 3 service service NN 33912 343 4 / / SYM 33912 343 5 length length NN 33912 343 6 of of IN 33912 343 7 each each DT 33912 343 8 1850- 1850- CD 33912 343 9 ? ? . 33912 344 1 Savage Savage NNP 33912 344 2 , , , 33912 344 3 Md. Md. NNP 33912 344 4 , , , 33912 344 5 Little Little NNP 33912 344 6 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 344 7 1/76 1/76 CD 33912 344 8 ' ' '' 33912 344 9 First First NNP 33912 344 10 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 344 11 truss truss NN 33912 344 12 Patuxent Patuxent NNP 33912 344 13 River River NNP 33912 344 14 through through IN 33912 344 15 erected erect VBN 33912 344 16 ; ; : 33912 344 17 granite granite NN 33912 344 18 towers tower NNS 33912 344 19 ; ; : 33912 344 20 truss truss NN 33912 344 21 cost cost NN 33912 344 22 , , , 33912 344 23 $ $ $ 33912 344 24 23,825 23,825 CD 33912 344 25 . . . 33912 345 1 B. B. NNP 33912 346 1 & & CC 33912 346 2 O. O. NNP 33912 346 3 RR RR NNP 33912 346 4 . . . 33912 347 1 1851- 1851- CD 33912 347 2 ? ? . 33912 348 1 Bladensburg Bladensburg NNP 33912 348 2 , , , 33912 348 3 Md. Md. NNP 33912 348 4 , , , 33912 348 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 348 6 1/ 1/ CD 33912 348 7 ? ? . 33912 349 1 Second second JJ 33912 349 2 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 349 3 truss truss NN 33912 349 4 Anacostia Anacostia NNP 33912 349 5 River River NNP 33912 349 6 through through IN 33912 349 7 erected erect VBN 33912 349 8 ; ; : 33912 349 9 granite granite NN 33912 349 10 towers tower NNS 33912 349 11 ; ; : 33912 349 12 truss truss NN 33912 349 13 cost cost NN 33912 349 14 , , , 33912 349 15 $ $ $ 33912 349 16 19,430 19,430 CD 33912 349 17 . . . 33912 350 1 B. B. NNP 33912 351 1 & & CC 33912 351 2 O. O. NNP 33912 351 3 RR RR NNP 33912 351 4 . . . 33912 352 1 1851 1851 CD 33912 352 2 - - SYM 33912 352 3 1862 1862 CD 33912 352 4 Harpers Harpers NNP 33912 352 5 Ferry Ferry NNP 33912 352 6 , , , 33912 352 7 Va. Virginia NNP 33912 352 8 , , , 33912 352 9 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 352 10 1/124 1/124 VBZ 33912 352 11 ' ' '' 33912 352 12 Winchester Winchester NNP 33912 352 13 span span NN 33912 352 14 ; ; : 33912 352 15 first first JJ 33912 352 16 Potomac Potomac NNP 33912 352 17 River River NNP 33912 352 18 through through IN 33912 352 19 major major JJ 33912 352 20 Bollman bollman JJ 33912 352 21 truss truss NN 33912 352 22 ; ; : 33912 352 23 three three CD 33912 352 24 truss truss NN 33912 352 25 lines line NNS 33912 352 26 of of IN 33912 352 27 truss truss NNP 33912 352 28 ; ; : 33912 352 29 granite granite NN 33912 352 30 towers tower NNS 33912 352 31 ; ; , 33912 352 32 blown blow VBN 33912 352 33 up up RP 33912 352 34 by by IN 33912 352 35 Confederate Confederate NNP 33912 352 36 Army Army NNP 33912 352 37 on on IN 33912 352 38 September September NNP 33912 352 39 24 24 CD 33912 352 40 , , , 33912 352 41 1862 1862 CD 33912 352 42 . . . 33912 353 1 B. B. NNP 33912 354 1 & & CC 33912 354 2 O. O. NNP 33912 354 3 RR RR NNP 33912 354 4 . . . 33912 355 1 1851- 1851- CD 33912 355 2 ? ? . 33912 356 1 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 356 2 , , , 33912 356 3 Md. Md. NNP 33912 356 4 , , , 33912 356 5 Trestle Trestle NNP 33912 356 6 -- -- : 33912 356 7 Wood wood NN 33912 356 8 trestle trestle NN 33912 356 9 bents bent NNS 33912 356 10 with with IN 33912 356 11 Carey Carey NNP 33912 356 12 Street Street NNP 33912 356 13 wrought wrought NN 33912 356 14 - - HYPH 33912 356 15 iron iron NN 33912 356 16 diagonals diagonal NNS 33912 356 17 . . . 33912 357 1 First first JJ 33912 357 2 use use NN 33912 357 3 of of IN 33912 357 4 iron iron NN 33912 357 5 structural structural JJ 33912 357 6 members member NNS 33912 357 7 in in IN 33912 357 8 trestlework trestlework NN 33912 357 9 . . . 33912 358 1 Total total JJ 33912 358 2 length length NN 33912 358 3 76 76 CD 33912 358 4 feet foot NNS 33912 358 5 . . . 33912 359 1 B. B. NNP 33912 360 1 & & CC 33912 360 2 O. O. NNP 33912 360 3 RR RR NNP 33912 360 4 . . . 33912 361 1 1852- 1852- CD 33912 361 2 Savage Savage NNP 33912 361 3 , , , 33912 361 4 Md. Md. NNP 33912 361 5 , , , 33912 361 6 Little Little NNP 33912 361 7 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 361 8 2 2 CD 33912 361 9 / / SYM 33912 361 10 ±80 â±80 XX 33912 361 11 ' ' '' 33912 361 12 Still still RB 33912 361 13 standing stand VBG 33912 361 14 . . . 33912 362 1 Moved move VBN 33912 362 2 to to IN 33912 362 3 Patuxent Patuxent NNP 33912 362 4 River River NNP 33912 362 5 through through IN 33912 362 6 Savage Savage NNP 33912 362 7 in in IN 33912 362 8 1888 1888 CD 33912 362 9 ; ; , 33912 362 10 original original JJ 33912 362 11 truss truss NN 33912 362 12 location location NN 33912 362 13 unknown unknown NN 33912 362 14 . . . 33912 363 1 This this DT 33912 363 2 and and CC 33912 363 3 succeeding succeed VBG 33912 363 4 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 363 5 trusses truss NNS 33912 363 6 use use VBP 33912 363 7 iron iron NN 33912 363 8 towers tower NNS 33912 363 9 . . . 33912 364 1 B. B. NNP 33912 365 1 & & CC 33912 365 2 O. O. NNP 33912 365 3 RR RR NNP 33912 365 4 . . . 33912 366 1 1852 1852 CD 33912 366 2 ( ( -LRB- 33912 366 3 or or CC 33912 366 4 Marriottsville Marriottsville NNP 33912 366 5 , , , 33912 366 6 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 366 7 1/50 1/50 CD 33912 366 8 ' ' '' 33912 366 9 One one CD 33912 366 10 of of IN 33912 366 11 first first JJ 33912 366 12 Bollman bollman JJ 33912 366 13 1853)- 1853)- CD 33912 366 14 ? ? . 33912 367 1 Md. Md. NNP 33912 367 2 , , , 33912 367 3 Patapsco Patapsco NNP 33912 367 4 River River NNP 33912 367 5 truss truss NN 33912 367 6 trusses truss NNS 33912 367 7 with with IN 33912 367 8 iron iron NN 33912 367 9 towers tower NNS 33912 367 10 . . . 33912 368 1 B. B. NNP 33912 369 1 & & CC 33912 369 2 O. O. NNP 33912 369 3 RR RR NNP 33912 369 4 . . . 33912 370 1 1853- 1853- CD 33912 370 2 ? ? . 33912 371 1 Zanesville Zanesville NNP 33912 371 2 , , , 33912 371 3 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 371 4 , , , 33912 371 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 371 6 4/124 4/124 CD 33912 371 7 ' ' `` 33912 371 8 Double double JJ 33912 371 9 track track NN 33912 371 10 , , , 33912 371 11 Central Central NNP 33912 371 12 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 371 13 Muskingum Muskingum NNP 33912 371 14 River River NNP 33912 371 15 truss truss NN 33912 371 16 ( ( -LRB- 33912 371 17 or or CC 33912 371 18 RR RR NNP 33912 371 19 . . . 33912 372 1 Designed design VBN 33912 372 2 by by IN 33912 372 3 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 372 4 ; ; : 33912 372 5 5/160 5/160 NNP 33912 372 6 ' ' '' 33912 372 7 ) ) -RRB- 33912 372 8 built build VBN 33912 372 9 by by IN 33912 372 10 Douglas Douglas NNP 33912 372 11 , , , 33912 372 12 Smith Smith NNP 33912 372 13 & & CC 33912 372 14 Co. Co. NNP 33912 372 15 , , , 33912 372 16 Zanesville Zanesville NNP 33912 372 17 . . . 33912 373 1 1854- 1854- CD 33912 373 2 Elysville Elysville NNP 33912 373 3 ( ( -LRB- 33912 373 4 now now RB 33912 373 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 373 6 3/97'9 3/97'9 NNP 33912 373 7 " " `` 33912 373 8 Upper upper JJ 33912 373 9 bridge bridge NN 33912 373 10 , , , 33912 373 11 skew skew JJ 33912 373 12 . . . 33912 374 1 Cost cost NN 33912 374 2 , , , 33912 374 3 1870 1870 CD 33912 374 4 ( ( -LRB- 33912 374 5 ? ? . 33912 374 6 ) ) -RRB- 33912 375 1 Daniels Daniels NNP 33912 375 2 ) ) -RRB- 33912 375 3 , , , 33912 375 4 Md. Md. NNP 33912 375 5 , , , 33912 375 6 through through IN 33912 375 7 $ $ $ 33912 375 8 24,477.59 24,477.59 CD 33912 375 9 . . . 33912 376 1 B. B. NNP 33912 377 1 & & CC 33912 377 2 O. O. NNP 33912 377 3 RR RR NNP 33912 377 4 . . . 33912 378 1 Patapsco Patapsco NNP 33912 378 2 River River NNP 33912 378 3 truss truss NN 33912 378 4 1854 1854 CD 33912 378 5 - - HYPH 33912 378 6 1862 1862 CD 33912 378 7 Monocacy Monocacy NNP 33912 378 8 , , , 33912 378 9 Md. Md. NNP 33912 378 10 , , , 33912 378 11 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 378 12 3/119 3/119 , 33912 378 13 ' ' '' 33912 378 14 Blown blow VBN 33912 378 15 up up RP 33912 378 16 September September NNP 33912 378 17 8 8 CD 33912 378 18 , , , 33912 378 19 Monocacy Monocacy NNP 33912 378 20 River River NNP 33912 378 21 truss truss NN 33912 378 22 1862 1862 CD 33912 378 23 ; ; : 33912 378 24 rebuilt rebuild VBD 33912 378 25 in in IN 33912 378 26 1864 1864 CD 33912 378 27 . . . 33912 379 1 Cost cost NN 33912 379 2 , , , 33912 379 3 $ $ $ 33912 379 4 22,722.59 22,722.59 CD 33912 379 5 . . . 33912 380 1 B. B. NNP 33912 381 1 & & CC 33912 381 2 O. O. NNP 33912 381 3 RR RR NNP 33912 381 4 . . . 33912 382 1 1854- 1854- CD 33912 382 2 ? ? . 33912 383 1 Eastern Eastern NNP 33912 383 2 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 383 3 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 383 4 1/40 1/40 CD 33912 383 5 ' ' '' 33912 383 6 C. C. NNP 33912 383 7 O. O. NNP 33912 383 8 RR RR NNP 33912 383 9 . . . 33912 384 1 Section section NN 33912 384 2 76 76 CD 33912 384 3 truss truss NN 33912 384 4 ( ( -LRB- 33912 384 5 ? ? . 33912 384 6 ) ) -RRB- 33912 385 1 adjacent adjacent JJ 33912 385 2 to to IN 33912 385 3 300-ft 300-ft CD 33912 385 4 . . . 33912 385 5 tunnel tunnel NNP 33912 385 6 . . . 33912 386 1 1855- 1855- CD 33912 386 2 ? ? . 33912 387 1 Bridgeville Bridgeville NNP 33912 387 2 , , , 33912 387 3 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 387 4 , , , 33912 387 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 387 6 1/71 1/71 NNP 33912 387 7 ' ' POS 33912 387 8 C. C. NNP 33912 387 9 O. O. NNP 33912 387 10 RR RR NNP 33912 387 11 . . . 33912 388 1 Salt Salt NNP 33912 388 2 Creek Creek NNP 33912 388 3 deck deck NN 33912 388 4 truss truss NN 33912 388 5 Pre-1855- Pre-1855- NNP 33912 388 6 ? ? . 33912 389 1 Buffalo Buffalo NNP 33912 389 2 , , , 33912 389 3 N.Y. New York NNP 33912 389 4 -- -- : 33912 389 5 -- -- : 33912 389 6 Unidentified unidentified JJ 33912 389 7 . . . 33912 390 1 Mentioned mention VBN 33912 390 2 by by IN 33912 390 3 George George NNP 33912 390 4 Vose Vose NNP 33912 390 5 in in IN 33912 390 6 Railroad Railroad NNP 33912 390 7 Advocate Advocate NNP 33912 390 8 ( ( -LRB- 33912 390 9 June June NNP 33912 390 10 9 9 CD 33912 390 11 , , , 33912 390 12 1855 1855 CD 33912 390 13 ) ) -RRB- 33912 390 14 . . . 33912 391 1 1856- 1856- CD 33912 391 2 ? ? . 33912 392 1 Elysville Elysville NNP 33912 392 2 , , , 33912 392 3 Md. Md. NNP 33912 392 4 , , , 33912 392 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 392 6 3/111 3/111 NNP 33912 392 7 ' ' '' 33912 392 8 Lower low JJR 33912 392 9 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 392 10 . . . 33912 393 1 B. B. NNP 33912 394 1 & & CC 33912 394 2 O. O. NNP 33912 394 3 RR RR NNP 33912 394 4 . . . 33912 395 1 about about RB 33912 395 2 1 1 CD 33912 395 3 - - SYM 33912 395 4 1/4 1/4 CD 33912 395 5 miles mile NNS 33912 395 6 through through IN 33912 395 7 east east NN 33912 395 8 of of IN 33912 395 9 1854 1854 CD 33912 395 10 truss truss NNP 33912 395 11 bridge bridge NN 33912 395 12 , , , 33912 395 13 Patapsco Patapsco NNP 33912 395 14 River River NNP 33912 395 15 Pre-1856- Pre-1856- NNPS 33912 395 16 ? ? . 33912 396 1 Marriottsville Marriottsville NNP 33912 396 2 , , , 33912 396 3 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 396 4 1/48'9 1/48'9 NNP 33912 396 5 " " `` 33912 396 6 Referred refer VBN 33912 396 7 to to IN 33912 396 8 as as IN 33912 396 9 " " `` 33912 396 10 Tunnel Tunnel NNP 33912 396 11 Md. Md. NNP 33912 397 1 truss truss NNP 33912 397 2 ( ( -LRB- 33912 397 3 ? ? . 33912 397 4 ) ) -RRB- 33912 398 1 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 398 2 " " '' 33912 398 3 in in IN 33912 398 4 B. B. NNP 33912 399 1 & & CC 33912 399 2 O. O. NNP 33912 399 3 RR RR NNP 33912 399 4 . . . 33912 400 1 annual annual JJ 33912 400 2 report report NN 33912 400 3 , , , 33912 400 4 1856 1856 CD 33912 400 5 . . . 33912 401 1 1856- 1856- CD 33912 401 2 ? ? . 33912 402 1 Near near IN 33912 402 2 Ijamsville Ijamsville NNP 33912 402 3 , , , 33912 402 4 " " `` 33912 402 5 Iron iron NN 33912 402 6 3/23'9 3/23'9 CD 33912 402 7 " " '' 33912 402 8 Possibly possibly RB 33912 402 9 trussed truss VBN 33912 402 10 beams beam NNS 33912 402 11 ; ; : 33912 402 12 Md. Md. NNP 33912 402 13 , , , 33912 402 14 Bush Bush NNP 33912 402 15 Creek Creek NNP 33912 402 16 girders girder NNS 33912 402 17 " " '' 33912 402 18 mentioned mention VBN 33912 402 19 in in IN 33912 402 20 B. B. NNP 33912 403 1 & & CC 33912 403 2 O. O. NNP 33912 403 3 RR RR NNP 33912 403 4 . . . 33912 404 1 annual annual JJ 33912 404 2 report report NN 33912 404 3 , , , 33912 404 4 1856 1856 CD 33912 404 5 . . . 33912 405 1 1856- 1856- CD 33912 405 2 ? ? . 33912 406 1 Near near IN 33912 406 2 Ijamsville Ijamsville NNP 33912 406 3 , , , 33912 406 4 " " `` 33912 406 5 Iron iron NN 33912 406 6 2/23'9 2/23'9 CD 33912 406 7 " " '' 33912 406 8 As as IN 33912 406 9 above above RB 33912 406 10 . . . 33912 407 1 Md. Md. NNP 33912 407 2 , , , 33912 407 3 Bush Bush NNP 33912 407 4 Creek Creek NNP 33912 407 5 girders girder VBZ 33912 407 6 " " `` 33912 407 7 1856- 1856- CD 33912 407 8 North North NNP 33912 407 9 Branch Branch NNP 33912 407 10 , , , 33912 407 11 Md. Md. NNP 33912 407 12 , , , 33912 407 13 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 407 14 3/142 3/142 NNP 33912 407 15 ' ' POS 33912 407 16 Partially partially RB 33912 407 17 destroyed destroy VBN 33912 407 18 in in IN 33912 407 19 c.1862 c.1862 NNP 33912 407 20 Potomac Potomac NNP 33912 407 21 River River NNP 33912 407 22 deck deck NN 33912 407 23 truss truss NN 33912 407 24 Civil Civil NNP 33912 407 25 War War NNP 33912 407 26 . . . 33912 408 1 B. B. NNP 33912 409 1 & & CC 33912 409 2 O. O. NNP 33912 409 3 RR RR NNP 33912 409 4 . . . 33912 410 1 1860 1860 CD 33912 410 2 - - SYM 33912 410 3 1906 1906 CD 33912 410 4 Chile Chile NNP 33912 410 5 , , , 33912 410 6 Angostura Angostura NNP 33912 410 7 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 410 8 4/115 4/115 NNP 33912 410 9 ' ' '' 33912 410 10 Chilean Chilean NNP 33912 410 11 Railways Railways NNPS 33912 410 12 . . . 33912 411 1 River river NN 33912 411 2 truss truss NN 33912 411 3 ( ( -LRB- 33912 411 4 ? ? . 33912 411 5 ) ) -RRB- 33912 412 1 Designed design VBN 33912 412 2 and and CC 33912 412 3 built build VBN 33912 412 4 by by IN 33912 412 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 412 6 . . . 33912 413 1 Replaced replace VBN 33912 413 2 by by IN 33912 413 3 bridge bridge NN 33912 413 4 built build VBN 33912 413 5 by by IN 33912 413 6 French french JJ 33912 413 7 firm firm NN 33912 413 8 of of IN 33912 413 9 Schneider Schneider NNP 33912 413 10 , , , 33912 413 11 Cruesot Cruesot NNP 33912 413 12 & & CC 33912 413 13 Co. Co. NNP 33912 413 14 1860 1860 CD 33912 413 15 - - SYM 33912 413 16 1910 1910 CD 33912 413 17 Chile Chile NNP 33912 413 18 , , , 33912 413 19 Paine Paine NNP 33912 413 20 River River NNP 33912 413 21 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 413 22 1/ 1/ CD 33912 413 23 ? ? . 33912 414 1 As as IN 33912 414 2 above above RB 33912 414 3 . . . 33912 415 1 truss truss NNP 33912 415 2 ( ( -LRB- 33912 415 3 ? ? . 33912 415 4 ) ) -RRB- 33912 416 1 Post- Post- NNP 33912 416 2 Ilchester Ilchester NNP 33912 416 3 , , , 33912 416 4 Md. Md. NNP 33912 416 5 , , , 33912 416 6 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 416 7 1/ 1/ CD 33912 416 8 ? ? . 33912 417 1 B. B. NNP 33912 418 1 & & CC 33912 418 2 O. O. NNP 33912 418 3 RR RR NNP 33912 418 4 . . . 33912 419 1 1860- 1860- CD 33912 419 2 ? ? . 33912 420 1 Patapsco Patapsco NNP 33912 420 2 River River NNP 33912 420 3 through through IN 33912 420 4 truss truss NN 33912 420 5 Pre-1861- Pre-1861- . 33912 420 6 ? ? . 33912 421 1 Cuba Cuba NNP 33912 421 2 Bridges Bridges NNPS 33912 421 3 -- -- : 33912 421 4 All all DT 33912 421 5 bridges bridge NNS 33912 421 6 on on IN 33912 421 7 Havana Havana NNP 33912 421 8 and and CC 33912 421 9 RR RR NNP 33912 421 10 . . . 33912 421 11 , , , 33912 421 12 including include VBG 33912 421 13 iron iron NN 33912 421 14 station station NN 33912 421 15 station station NNP 33912 421 16 house house NNP 33912 421 17 and and CC 33912 421 18 bridge bridge NNP 33912 421 19 house house NN 33912 421 20 at at IN 33912 421 21 Guines Guines NNP 33912 421 22 . . . 33912 422 1 Designed design VBN 33912 422 2 and and CC 33912 422 3 built build VBN 33912 422 4 by by IN 33912 422 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 422 6 . . . 33912 423 1 Pre-1861- pre-1861- LS 33912 423 2 ? ? . 33912 424 1 Cuba Cuba NNP 33912 424 2 Bridges Bridges NNPS 33912 424 3 -- -- : 33912 424 4 All all DT 33912 424 5 bridges bridge NNS 33912 424 6 on on IN 33912 424 7 Cienfuegos Cienfuegos NNP 33912 424 8 RR RR NNP 33912 424 9 . . . 33912 424 10 , , , 33912 424 11 Cárdenas Cárdenas NNP 33912 424 12 RR RR NNP 33912 424 13 . . NNP 33912 424 14 , , , 33912 424 15 and and CC 33912 424 16 Havana Havana NNP 33912 424 17 & & CC 33912 424 18 Matanzas Matanzas NNP 33912 424 19 RR RR NNP 33912 424 20 . . . 33912 425 1 Designed design VBN 33912 425 2 and and CC 33912 425 3 built build VBN 33912 425 4 by by IN 33912 425 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 425 6 . . . 33912 426 1 Pre-1861- pre-1861- LS 33912 426 2 ? ? . 33912 427 1 Cuba Cuba NNP 33912 427 2 Trestle Trestle NNP 33912 427 3 -- -- : 33912 427 4 Trestle trestle VB 33912 427 5 with with IN 33912 427 6 wrought wrought NN 33912 427 7 - - HYPH 33912 427 8 iron iron NN 33912 427 9 columns column NNS 33912 427 10 ( ( -LRB- 33912 427 11 the the DT 33912 427 12 first first JJ 33912 427 13 such such JJ 33912 427 14 ever ever RB 33912 427 15 constructed construct VBN 33912 427 16 ) ) -RRB- 33912 427 17 . . . 33912 428 1 Havana Havana NNP 33912 428 2 RR RR NNP 33912 428 3 . . . 33912 429 1 Designed design VBN 33912 429 2 and and CC 33912 429 3 built build VBN 33912 429 4 by by IN 33912 429 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 429 6 . . . 33912 430 1 1862 1862 CD 33912 430 2 - - SYM 33912 430 3 1862 1862 CD 33912 430 4 Harpers Harpers NNP 33912 430 5 Ferry Ferry NNP 33912 430 6 , , , 33912 430 7 Va. Virginia NNP 33912 430 8 , , , 33912 430 9 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 430 10 2/160 2/160 NNP 33912 430 11 ' ' `` 33912 430 12 Span span VB 33912 430 13 no no UH 33912 430 14 . . . 33912 431 1 3 3 LS 33912 431 2 ( ( -LRB- 33912 431 3 July July NNP 33912 431 4 24 24 CD 33912 431 5 ) ) -RRB- 33912 431 6 and and CC 33912 431 7 Potomac Potomac NNP 33912 431 8 River River NNP 33912 431 9 through through IN 33912 431 10 span span NN 33912 431 11 no no NN 33912 431 12 . . . 33912 432 1 4 4 LS 33912 432 2 ( ( -LRB- 33912 432 3 August August NNP 33912 432 4 21 21 CD 33912 432 5 ) ) -RRB- 33912 432 6 . . . 33912 433 1 truss truss NNP 33912 433 2 Blown Blown NNP 33912 433 3 up up RP 33912 433 4 September September NNP 33912 433 5 24 24 CD 33912 433 6 , , , 33912 433 7 1862 1862 CD 33912 433 8 . . . 33912 434 1 B. B. NNP 33912 435 1 & & CC 33912 435 2 O. O. NNP 33912 435 3 RR RR NNP 33912 435 4 . . . 33912 436 1 1862 1862 CD 33912 436 2 - - SYM 33912 436 3 1936 1936 CD 33912 436 4 Harpers Harpers NNP 33912 436 5 Ferry Ferry NNP 33912 436 6 , , , 33912 436 7 Va. Virginia NNP 33912 436 8 , , , 33912 436 9 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 436 10 1/160 1/160 NNP 33912 436 11 ' ' `` 33912 436 12 Span span VB 33912 436 13 no no UH 33912 436 14 . . . 33912 437 1 5 5 LS 33912 437 2 ( ( -LRB- 33912 437 3 November November NNP 33912 437 4 ) ) -RRB- 33912 437 5 . . . 33912 438 1 Potomac Potomac NNP 33912 438 2 River River NNP 33912 438 3 through through IN 33912 438 4 B. B. NNP 33912 439 1 & & CC 33912 439 2 O. O. NNP 33912 439 3 RR RR NNP 33912 439 4 . . . 33912 440 1 truss truss NNP 33912 440 2 1863 1863 CD 33912 440 3 - - SYM 33912 440 4 1936 1936 CD 33912 440 5 Harpers Harpers NNP 33912 440 6 Ferry Ferry NNP 33912 440 7 , , , 33912 440 8 Va. Virginia NNP 33912 440 9 , , , 33912 440 10 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 440 11 3/160 3/160 NNP 33912 440 12 ' ' POS 33912 440 13 Spans Spans NNPS 33912 440 14 nos nos RB 33912 440 15 . . . 33912 441 1 3 3 CD 33912 441 2 , , , 33912 441 3 4 4 CD 33912 441 4 , , , 33912 441 5 and and CC 33912 441 6 5 5 CD 33912 441 7 . . . 33912 442 1 Potomac Potomac NNP 33912 442 2 River River NNP 33912 442 3 through through IN 33912 442 4 Constructed construct VBN 33912 442 5 previous previous JJ 33912 442 6 to to IN 33912 442 7 truss truss NN 33912 442 8 April April NNP 33912 442 9 1863 1863 CD 33912 442 10 . . . 33912 443 1 B. B. NNP 33912 444 1 & & CC 33912 444 2 O. O. NNP 33912 444 3 RR RR NNP 33912 444 4 . . . 33912 445 1 1863- 1863- CD 33912 445 2 ? ? . 33912 446 1 Berwyn Berwyn NNP 33912 446 2 , , , 33912 446 3 Md. Md. NNP 33912 446 4 , , , 33912 446 5 Paint Paint NNP 33912 446 6 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 446 7 ? ? . 33912 447 1 Iron iron NN 33912 447 2 bridge bridge NN 33912 447 3 mentioned mention VBD 33912 447 4 in in IN 33912 447 5 Branch Branch NNP 33912 447 6 truss truss NN 33912 447 7 ( ( -LRB- 33912 447 8 ? ? . 33912 447 9 ) ) -RRB- 33912 448 1 B. B. NNP 33912 449 1 & & CC 33912 449 2 O. O. NNP 33912 449 3 RR RR NNP 33912 449 4 . . . 33912 450 1 annual annual JJ 33912 450 2 report report NN 33912 450 3 , , , 33912 450 4 1863 1863 CD 33912 450 5 . . . 33912 451 1 1863(4?)- 1863(4?)- CD 33912 451 2 ? ? . 33912 452 1 Clinton Clinton NNP 33912 452 2 , , , 33912 452 3 Iowa Iowa NNP 33912 452 4 , , , 33912 452 5 Pivot Pivot NNP 33912 452 6 1/360 1/360 CD 33912 452 7 ' ' '' 33912 452 8 Built build VBN 33912 452 9 by by IN 33912 452 10 Detroit Detroit NNP 33912 452 11 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 452 12 Mississippi Mississippi NNP 33912 452 13 River River NNP 33912 452 14 draw draw VBP 33912 452 15 & & CC 33912 452 16 Iron Iron NNP 33912 452 17 Works Works NNP 33912 452 18 . . . 33912 453 1 It -PRON- PRP 33912 453 2 was be VBD 33912 453 3 the the DT 33912 453 4 longest long JJS 33912 453 5 in in IN 33912 453 6 the the DT 33912 453 7 world world NN 33912 453 8 at at IN 33912 453 9 time time NN 33912 453 10 of of IN 33912 453 11 completion completion NN 33912 453 12 . . . 33912 454 1 Designed design VBN 33912 454 2 by by IN 33912 454 3 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 454 4 . . . 33912 455 1 1864- 1864- CD 33912 455 2 ? ? . 33912 456 1 Laurel Laurel NNP 33912 456 2 , , , 33912 456 3 Md. Md. NNP 33912 456 4 , , , 33912 456 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 456 6 ? ? . 33912 457 1 Replaced replace VBN 33912 457 2 stone stone NN 33912 457 3 arch arch NN 33912 457 4 that that WDT 33912 457 5 Patuxent Patuxent NNP 33912 457 6 River River NNP 33912 457 7 truss truss NN 33912 457 8 had have VBD 33912 457 9 been be VBN 33912 457 10 washed wash VBN 33912 457 11 out out RP 33912 457 12 . . . 33912 458 1 B. B. NNP 33912 459 1 & & CC 33912 459 2 O. O. NNP 33912 459 3 RR RR NNP 33912 459 4 . . . 33912 460 1 c. c. NNP 33912 460 2 1864- 1864- CD 33912 460 3 ? ? . 33912 461 1 Near Near NNP 33912 461 2 Veracruz Veracruz NNP 33912 461 3 , , , 33912 461 4 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 461 5 1/115 1/115 NNP 33912 461 6 ' ' '' 33912 461 7 Veracruz Veracruz NNP 33912 461 8 & & CC 33912 461 9 Jucaro Jucaro NNP 33912 461 10 RR RR NNP 33912 461 11 . . . 33912 462 1 Mexico Mexico NNP 33912 462 2 , , , 33912 462 3 Medellín Medellín NNP 33912 462 4 through through IN 33912 462 5 First first JJ 33912 462 6 iron iron NN 33912 462 7 bridge bridge NN 33912 462 8 in in IN 33912 462 9 River River NNP 33912 462 10 truss truss NN 33912 462 11 Mexico Mexico NNP 33912 462 12 . . . 33912 463 1 Designed design VBN 33912 463 2 and and CC 33912 463 3 built build VBN 33912 463 4 by by IN 33912 463 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 463 6 . . . 33912 464 1 1864- 1864- CD 33912 464 2 ? ? . 33912 465 1 Near near IN 33912 465 2 Point Point NNP 33912 465 3 of of IN 33912 465 4 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 465 5 1/80 1/80 CD 33912 465 6 ' ' '' 33912 465 7 ( ( -LRB- 33912 465 8 ? ? . 33912 465 9 ) ) -RRB- 33912 466 1 Iron iron NN 33912 466 2 bridge bridge NN 33912 466 3 mentioned mention VBN 33912 466 4 in in IN 33912 466 5 Rocks Rocks NNP 33912 466 6 , , , 33912 466 7 Md. Md. NNP 33912 466 8 , , , 33912 466 9 Back back RB 33912 466 10 truss truss NN 33912 466 11 ( ( -LRB- 33912 466 12 ? ? . 33912 466 13 ) ) -RRB- 33912 467 1 B. B. NNP 33912 468 1 & & CC 33912 468 2 O. O. NNP 33912 468 3 RR RR NNP 33912 468 4 . . . 33912 469 1 annual annual JJ 33912 469 2 Creek Creek NNP 33912 469 3 report report NN 33912 469 4 , , , 33912 469 5 1864 1864 CD 33912 469 6 . . . 33912 470 1 The the DT 33912 470 2 span span NN 33912 470 3 length length NN 33912 470 4 given give VBN 33912 470 5 is be VBZ 33912 470 6 that that DT 33912 470 7 of of IN 33912 470 8 previous previous JJ 33912 470 9 stone stone NN 33912 470 10 arch arch NN 33912 470 11 . . . 33912 471 1 1864- 1864- CD 33912 471 2 ? ? . 33912 472 1 Bladensburg Bladensburg NNP 33912 472 2 , , , 33912 472 3 Md. Md. NNP 33912 472 4 , , , 33912 472 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 472 6 1/ 1/ CD 33912 472 7 ? ? . 33912 473 1 Span span VB 33912 473 2 for for IN 33912 473 3 second second JJ 33912 473 4 track track NN 33912 473 5 , , , 33912 473 6 to to IN 33912 473 7 Anacostia Anacostia NNP 33912 473 8 River River NNP 33912 473 9 truss truss NN 33912 473 10 match match NN 33912 473 11 1851 1851 CD 33912 473 12 span span NN 33912 473 13 . . . 33912 474 1 B. B. NNP 33912 475 1 & & CC 33912 475 2 O. O. NNP 33912 475 3 RR RR NNP 33912 475 4 . . . 33912 476 1 1868- 1868- CD 33912 476 2 ? ? . 33912 477 1 Cape Cape NNP 33912 477 2 Fear Fear NNP 33912 477 3 , , , 33912 477 4 N.C. North Carolina NNP 33912 477 5 , , , 33912 477 6 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 477 7 2/146'6 2/146'6 CD 33912 477 8 " " `` 33912 477 9 Wilmington Wilmington NNP 33912 477 10 Railway Railway NNP 33912 477 11 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 477 12 Northeast Northeast NNP 33912 477 13 Branch Branch NNP 33912 477 14 , , , 33912 477 15 truss truss NN 33912 477 16 ( ( -LRB- 33912 477 17 ? ? . 33912 477 18 ) ) -RRB- 33912 478 1 1/164 1/164 LS 33912 478 2 ' ' '' 33912 478 3 Co. Co. NNP 33912 479 1 This this DT 33912 479 2 bridge bridge NN 33912 479 3 was be VBD 33912 479 4 Cape Cape NNP 33912 479 5 Fear Fear NNP 33912 479 6 River River NNP 33912 479 7 pivot pivot NN 33912 479 8 connected connect VBN 33912 479 9 to to IN 33912 479 10 that that DT 33912 479 11 over over IN 33912 479 12 draw/150 draw/150 NNP 33912 479 13 ' ' '' 33912 479 14 the the DT 33912 479 15 Northwest Northwest NNP 33912 479 16 Branch Branch NNP 33912 479 17 by by IN 33912 479 18 2 2 CD 33912 479 19 - - SYM 33912 479 20 1/2 1/2 CD 33912 479 21 miles mile NNS 33912 479 22 of of IN 33912 479 23 timber timber NN 33912 479 24 trestling trestling NN 33912 479 25 . . . 33912 480 1 Designed design VBN 33912 480 2 and and CC 33912 480 3 built build VBN 33912 480 4 by by IN 33912 480 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 480 6 . . . 33912 481 1 1868- 1868- CD 33912 481 2 ? ? . 33912 482 1 Cape Cape NNP 33912 482 2 Fear Fear NNP 33912 482 3 , , , 33912 482 4 N.C. North Carolina NNP 33912 482 5 , , , 33912 482 6 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 482 7 1/217 1/217 -LRB- 33912 482 8 ' ' '' 33912 482 9 ( ( -LRB- 33912 482 10 ? ? . 33912 482 11 ) ) -RRB- 33912 483 1 See see VB 33912 483 2 above above RB 33912 483 3 . . . 33912 484 1 Northwest Northwest NNP 33912 484 2 Branch Branch NNP 33912 484 3 , , , 33912 484 4 truss truss NN 33912 484 5 ( ( -LRB- 33912 484 6 ? ? . 33912 484 7 ) ) -RRB- 33912 485 1 pivot pivot VB 33912 485 2 Cape Cape NNP 33912 485 3 Fear Fear NNP 33912 485 4 River River NNP 33912 485 5 draw/150 draw/150 NNP 33912 485 6 ' ' POS 33912 485 7 1868- 1868- CD 33912 485 8 ? ? . 33912 486 1 Quincy Quincy NNP 33912 486 2 , , , 33912 486 3 Ill. Illinois NNP 33912 486 4 , , , 33912 486 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 486 6 4/85 4/85 CD 33912 486 7 ' ' '' 33912 486 8 Chicago Chicago NNP 33912 486 9 , , , 33912 486 10 Burlington Burlington NNP 33912 486 11 & & CC 33912 486 12 Quincy Quincy NNP 33912 486 13 Bay Bay NNP 33912 486 14 ( ( -LRB- 33912 486 15 in in IN 33912 486 16 deck deck NN 33912 486 17 pivot pivot NN 33912 486 18 Quincy Quincy NNP 33912 486 19 RR RR NNP 33912 486 20 . . . 33912 487 1 The the DT 33912 487 2 pivot pivot NN 33912 487 3 draw draw NN 33912 487 4 Mississippi Mississippi NNP 33912 487 5 River River NNP 33912 487 6 ) ) -RRB- 33912 487 7 truss trus VBZ 33912 487 8 draw/190 draw/190 NNP 33912 487 9 ' ' '' 33912 487 10 was be VBD 33912 487 11 formed form VBN 33912 487 12 of of IN 33912 487 13 two two CD 33912 487 14 85-ft 85-ft NNS 33912 487 15 . . . 33912 487 16 simple simple JJ 33912 487 17 Bollman bollman JJ 33912 487 18 deck deck NN 33912 487 19 spans span NNS 33912 487 20 whose whose WP$ 33912 487 21 outer outer JJ 33912 487 22 ends end NNS 33912 487 23 hung hang VBD 33912 487 24 from from IN 33912 487 25 hog hog NN 33912 487 26 chains chain NNS 33912 487 27 . . . 33912 488 1 Designed design VBN 33912 488 2 by by IN 33912 488 3 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 488 4 ; ; : 33912 488 5 built build VBN 33912 488 6 by by IN 33912 488 7 Detroit Detroit NNP 33912 488 8 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 488 9 & & CC 33912 488 10 Iron Iron NNP 33912 488 11 Works Works NNP 33912 488 12 . . . 33912 489 1 1869- 1869- CD 33912 489 2 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 489 3 , , , 33912 489 4 Md. Md. NNP 33912 489 5 , , , 33912 489 6 Warren Warren NNP 33912 489 7 2/100 2/100 CD 33912 489 8 ' ' '' 33912 489 9 North North NNP 33912 489 10 Avenue Avenue NNP 33912 489 11 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 489 12 . . . 33912 490 1 c.1892 c.1892 VB 33912 490 2 over over IN 33912 490 3 Jones Jones NNP 33912 490 4 Falls Falls NNP 33912 490 5 , , , 33912 490 6 truss truss NN 33912 490 7 2/55'6 2/55'6 CD 33912 490 8 " " `` 33912 490 9 Composite composite JJ 33912 490 10 double double JJ 33912 490 11 B. b. NN 33912 491 1 & & CC 33912 491 2 O. O. NNP 33912 492 1 RR RR NNP 33912 492 2 . . NNP 33912 492 3 , , , 33912 492 4 and and CC 33912 492 5 intersection intersection NN 33912 492 6 truss truss NN 33912 492 7 ; ; : 33912 492 8 Northern northern JJ 33912 492 9 Central central JJ 33912 492 10 timber timber NN 33912 492 11 top top JJ 33912 492 12 chord chord NN 33912 492 13 and and CC 33912 492 14 RR rr NN 33912 492 15 . . . 33912 493 1 posts post NNS 33912 493 2 , , , 33912 493 3 wrought wrought NN 33912 493 4 - - HYPH 33912 493 5 iron iron NN 33912 493 6 lower low JJR 33912 493 7 chord chord NN 33912 493 8 and and CC 33912 493 9 ties tie NNS 33912 493 10 . . . 33912 494 1 In in IN 33912 494 2 55-ft 55-ft NNP 33912 494 3 . . . 33912 494 4 spans span NNS 33912 494 5 , , , 33912 494 6 both both DT 33912 494 7 chords chord NNS 33912 494 8 timber timber VBP 33912 494 9 . . . 33912 495 1 Cost cost NN 33912 495 2 , , , 33912 495 3 $ $ $ 33912 495 4 73,588 73,588 CD 33912 495 5 . . . 33912 496 1 Built build VBN 33912 496 2 by by IN 33912 496 3 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 496 4 . . . 33912 497 1 c.1869- c.1869- NNP 33912 497 2 Harpers Harpers NNP 33912 497 3 Ferry Ferry NNP 33912 497 4 , , , 33912 497 5 Va. Virginia NNP 33912 497 6 , , , 33912 497 7 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 497 8 4/ 4/ CD 33912 497 9 ? ? . 33912 498 1 Canal canal NN 33912 498 2 span span NN 33912 498 3 ( ( -LRB- 33912 498 4 no no UH 33912 498 5 . . . 33912 499 1 8) 8) CD 33912 499 2 , , , 33912 499 3 Wide wide JJ 33912 499 4 1936 1936 CD 33912 499 5 Potomac Potomac NNP 33912 499 6 River River NNP 33912 499 7 through through IN 33912 499 8 span span NN 33912 499 9 ( ( -LRB- 33912 499 10 no no UH 33912 499 11 . . . 33912 500 1 2 2 LS 33912 500 2 ) ) -RRB- 33912 500 3 , , , 33912 500 4 Winchester Winchester NNP 33912 500 5 truss truss NN 33912 500 6 span span NN 33912 500 7 , , , 33912 500 8 and and CC 33912 500 9 West West NNP 33912 500 10 End End NNP 33912 500 11 span span NN 33912 500 12 . . . 33912 501 1 Destroyed destroy VBN 33912 501 2 by by IN 33912 501 3 flood flood NN 33912 501 4 in in IN 33912 501 5 1936 1936 CD 33912 501 6 . . . 33912 502 1 B. B. NNP 33912 503 1 & & CC 33912 503 2 O. O. NNP 33912 503 3 RR RR NNP 33912 503 4 . . . 33912 504 1 1870- 1870- CD 33912 504 2 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 504 3 , , , 33912 504 4 Md. Md. NNP 33912 504 5 , , , 33912 504 6 Iron Iron NNP 33912 504 7 1/108 1/108 NNP 33912 504 8 ' ' '' 33912 504 9 Charles Charles NNP 33912 504 10 Street Street NNP 33912 504 11 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 504 12 . . . 33912 505 1 c.1895 c.1895 NNP 33912 505 2 Jones Jones NNP 33912 505 3 Falls Falls NNP 33912 505 4 " " `` 33912 505 5 Isometrical Isometrical NNP 33912 505 6 Three three CD 33912 505 7 lines line NNS 33912 505 8 of of IN 33912 505 9 trussing truss VBG 33912 505 10 . . . 33912 506 1 truss truss NNP 33912 506 2 " " `` 33912 506 3 Cost cost NN 33912 506 4 , , , 33912 506 5 $ $ $ 33912 506 6 20,297 20,297 CD 33912 506 7 . . . 33912 507 1 Built build VBN 33912 507 2 by by IN 33912 507 3 ( ( -LRB- 33912 507 4 probably probably RB 33912 507 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 507 6 . . . 33912 508 1 Pratt Pratt JJR 33912 508 2 type type NN 33912 508 3 ) ) -RRB- 33912 508 4 1870- 1870- CD 33912 508 5 Bellaire Bellaire NNP 33912 508 6 , , , 33912 508 7 Ohio- Ohio- NNP 33912 508 8 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 508 9 9/107'- 9/107'- CD 33912 508 10 In in IN 33912 508 11 approaches approach NNS 33912 508 12 ; ; : 33912 508 13 2 2 CD 33912 508 14 spans span NNS 33912 508 15 on on IN 33912 508 16 1893 1893 CD 33912 508 17 & & CC 33912 508 18 Benwood Benwood NNP 33912 508 19 W. W. NNP 33912 508 20 Va. Virginia NNP 33912 508 21 , , , 33912 508 22 deck deck NN 33912 508 23 125 125 CD 33912 508 24 ' ' POS 33912 508 25 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 508 26 side side NN 33912 508 27 ; ; : 33912 508 28 7 7 CD 33912 508 29 on on IN 33912 508 30 West West NNP 33912 508 31 1900 1900 CD 33912 508 32 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 508 33 River River NNP 33912 508 34 truss truss NN 33912 508 35 Virginia Virginia NNP 33912 508 36 side side NN 33912 508 37 . . . 33912 509 1 B. B. NNP 33912 510 1 & & CC 33912 510 2 O. O. NNP 33912 510 3 RR RR NNP 33912 510 4 . . . 33912 511 1 1870- 1870- CD 33912 511 2 Belpre Belpre NNP 33912 511 3 , , , 33912 511 4 Ohio- Ohio- NNP 33912 511 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 511 6 16/ 16/ CD 33912 511 7 ? ? . 33912 512 1 In in IN 33912 512 2 approaches approach NNS 33912 512 3 ; ; : 33912 512 4 7 7 CD 33912 512 5 spans span NNS 33912 512 6 on on IN 33912 512 7 c.1895 c.1895 NNP 33912 512 8 Parkersburg Parkersburg NNP 33912 512 9 , , , 33912 512 10 W. W. NNP 33912 512 11 deck deck NN 33912 512 12 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 512 13 side side NN 33912 512 14 ; ; : 33912 512 15 9 9 CD 33912 512 16 on on IN 33912 512 17 West West NNP 33912 512 18 Va. Virginia NNP 33912 512 19 , , , 33912 512 20 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 512 21 River River NNP 33912 512 22 truss truss NN 33912 512 23 Virginia Virginia NNP 33912 512 24 side side NN 33912 512 25 . . . 33912 513 1 B. B. NNP 33912 514 1 & & CC 33912 514 2 O. O. NNP 33912 514 3 RR RR NNP 33912 514 4 . . . 33912 515 1 1870- 1870- CD 33912 515 2 ? ? . 33912 516 1 Elysville Elysville NNP 33912 516 2 , , , 33912 516 3 Md. Md. NNP 33912 516 4 , , , 33912 516 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 516 6 4/ 4/ CD 33912 516 7 ? ? . 33912 517 1 Skew skew JJ 33912 517 2 ; ; : 33912 517 3 replacement replacement NN 33912 517 4 of of IN 33912 517 5 Patapsco Patapsco NNP 33912 517 6 River River NNP 33912 517 7 through through IN 33912 517 8 Upper Upper NNP 33912 517 9 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 517 10 ( ( -LRB- 33912 517 11 ? ? . 33912 517 12 ) ) -RRB- 33912 517 13 . . . 33912 518 1 B. B. NNP 33912 519 1 & & CC 33912 519 2 O. O. NNP 33912 519 3 truss truss NN 33912 519 4 RR RR NNP 33912 519 5 . . . 33912 520 1 1871- 1871- CD 33912 520 2 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 520 3 , , , 33912 520 4 Md. Md. NNP 33912 520 5 , , , 33912 520 6 Timber Timber NNP 33912 520 7 ? ? . 33912 521 1 Decker Decker NNP 33912 521 2 Street Street NNP 33912 521 3 ( ( -LRB- 33912 521 4 now now RB 33912 521 5 c.1895 c.1895 NNP 33912 521 6 Jones Jones NNP 33912 521 7 Falls Falls NNP 33912 521 8 and and CC 33912 521 9 iron iron NN 33912 521 10 Maryland Maryland NNP 33912 521 11 Avenue Avenue NNP 33912 521 12 ) ) -RRB- 33912 521 13 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 521 14 . . . 33912 522 1 truss truss NNP 33912 522 2 Cost Cost NNP 33912 522 3 , , , 33912 522 4 $ $ $ 33912 522 5 24,975 24,975 CD 33912 522 6 . . . 33912 523 1 Built build VBN 33912 523 2 by by IN 33912 523 3 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 523 4 . . . 33912 524 1 1871- 1871- CD 33912 524 2 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 524 3 , , , 33912 524 4 Md. Md. NNP 33912 524 5 , , , 33912 524 6 Warren Warren NNP 33912 524 7 1/100 1/100 CD 33912 524 8 ' ' '' 33912 524 9 North North NNP 33912 524 10 Avenue Avenue NNP 33912 524 11 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 524 12 . . . 33912 525 1 c.1892 c.1892 VB 33912 525 2 over over IN 33912 525 3 Northern northern JJ 33912 525 4 truss truss NN 33912 525 5 Composite Composite NNP 33912 525 6 double double JJ 33912 525 7 Central central JJ 33912 525 8 RR rr NN 33912 525 9 . . . 33912 526 1 at at IN 33912 526 2 intersection intersection NN 33912 526 3 truss truss NN 33912 526 4 ; ; : 33912 526 5 Jones Jones NNP 33912 526 6 Falls Falls NNP 33912 526 7 cast cast NN 33912 526 8 - - HYPH 33912 526 9 iron iron NN 33912 526 10 top top JJ 33912 526 11 chord chord NN 33912 526 12 and and CC 33912 526 13 posts post NNS 33912 526 14 ; ; , 33912 526 15 wrought wrought NN 33912 526 16 - - HYPH 33912 526 17 iron iron NN 33912 526 18 bottom bottom NN 33912 526 19 chord chord NN 33912 526 20 and and CC 33912 526 21 ties tie NNS 33912 526 22 . . . 33912 527 1 West West NNP 33912 527 2 span span NNP 33912 527 3 . . . 33912 528 1 Built build VBN 33912 528 2 by by IN 33912 528 3 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 528 4 . . . 33912 529 1 1873 1873 CD 33912 529 2 - - SYM 33912 529 3 1923 1923 CD 33912 529 4 Cave Cave NNP 33912 529 5 Station Station NNP 33912 529 6 , , , 33912 529 7 Va. Virginia NNP 33912 529 8 , , , 33912 529 9 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 529 10 1/98'7 1/98'7 CD 33912 529 11 " " `` 33912 529 12 Valley Valley NNP 33912 529 13 Railroad Railroad NNP 33912 529 14 of of IN 33912 529 15 Middle Middle NNP 33912 529 16 River River NNP 33912 529 17 deck deck NN 33912 529 18 1/63'5 1/63'5 NNP 33912 529 19 " " '' 33912 529 20 Virginia Virginia NNP 33912 529 21 ( ( -LRB- 33912 529 22 B. B. NNP 33912 530 1 & & CC 33912 530 2 O. O. NNP 33912 530 3 ) ) -RRB- 33912 531 1 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 531 2 truss truss NN 33912 531 3 no no UH 33912 531 4 . . . 33912 532 1 120 120 CD 33912 532 2 . . . 33912 533 1 The the DT 33912 533 2 main main JJ 33912 533 3 span span NN 33912 533 4 was be VBD 33912 533 5 a a DT 33912 533 6 Whipple Whipple NNP 33912 533 7 deck deck NN 33912 533 8 truss truss NN 33912 533 9 . . . 33912 534 1 Replaced replace VBN 33912 534 2 with with IN 33912 534 3 plate plate NN 33912 534 4 girders girder NNS 33912 534 5 . . . 33912 535 1 Designed design VBN 33912 535 2 by by IN 33912 535 3 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 535 4 . . . 33912 536 1 1873 1873 CD 33912 536 2 - - SYM 33912 536 3 1923 1923 CD 33912 536 4 Mount Mount NNP 33912 536 5 Crawford Crawford NNP 33912 536 6 , , , 33912 536 7 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 536 8 2/98'6 2/98'6 CD 33912 536 9 " " `` 33912 536 10 Valley Valley NNP 33912 536 11 Railroad Railroad NNP 33912 536 12 of of IN 33912 536 13 Va. Virginia NNP 33912 536 14 , , , 33912 536 15 North North NNP 33912 536 16 River River NNP 33912 536 17 deck deck NN 33912 536 18 1/148'9 1/148'9 CD 33912 536 19 " " '' 33912 536 20 Virginia Virginia NNP 33912 536 21 ( ( -LRB- 33912 536 22 B. B. NNP 33912 537 1 & & CC 33912 537 2 O. O. NNP 33912 537 3 ) ) -RRB- 33912 538 1 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 538 2 truss truss NN 33912 538 3 no no UH 33912 538 4 . . . 33912 539 1 117 117 CD 33912 539 2 . . . 33912 540 1 Designed design VBN 33912 540 2 by by IN 33912 540 3 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 540 4 . . . 33912 541 1 1873 1873 CD 33912 541 2 - - SYM 33912 541 3 1923 1923 CD 33912 541 4 Verona Verona NNP 33912 541 5 , , , 33912 541 6 Va. Virginia NNP 33912 541 7 , , , 33912 541 8 North North NNP 33912 541 9 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 541 10 3/98'7 3/98'7 NNP 33912 541 11 " " `` 33912 541 12 Valley Valley NNP 33912 541 13 Railroad Railroad NNP 33912 541 14 of of IN 33912 541 15 River River NNP 33912 541 16 deck deck NN 33912 541 17 Virginia Virginia NNP 33912 541 18 ( ( -LRB- 33912 541 19 B. B. NNP 33912 542 1 & & CC 33912 542 2 O. O. NNP 33912 542 3 ) ) -RRB- 33912 543 1 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 543 2 truss truss NN 33912 543 3 no no UH 33912 543 4 . . . 33912 544 1 129 129 CD 33912 544 2 . . . 33912 545 1 The the DT 33912 545 2 main main JJ 33912 545 3 span span NN 33912 545 4 was be VBD 33912 545 5 a a DT 33912 545 6 147-ft 147-ft CD 33912 545 7 . . . 33912 545 8 Whipple whipple NN 33912 545 9 deck deck NN 33912 545 10 truss truss NN 33912 545 11 . . . 33912 546 1 Designed design VBN 33912 546 2 by by IN 33912 546 3 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 546 4 . . . 33912 547 1 1873- 1873- LS 33912 547 2 ? ? . 33912 548 1 Wadesville Wadesville NNP 33912 548 2 , , , 33912 548 3 Va. Virginia NNP 33912 548 4 , , , 33912 548 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 548 6 1/147'8 1/147'8 VBZ 33912 548 7 " " `` 33912 548 8 Span Span NNP 33912 548 9 length length NN 33912 548 10 given give VBN 33912 548 11 is be VBZ 33912 548 12 that that IN 33912 548 13 Opequon Opequon NNP 33912 548 14 Creek Creek NNP 33912 548 15 through through IN 33912 548 16 of of IN 33912 548 17 previous previous JJ 33912 548 18 wood wood NN 33912 548 19 span span NN 33912 548 20 truss truss NN 33912 548 21 that that WDT 33912 548 22 burned burn VBD 33912 548 23 in in IN 33912 548 24 1862 1862 CD 33912 548 25 . . . 33912 549 1 B. B. NNP 33912 550 1 & & CC 33912 550 2 O. O. NNP 33912 550 3 RR RR NNP 33912 550 4 . . . 33912 551 1 c. c. NNP 33912 551 2 1873- 1873- CD 33912 551 3 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 551 4 , , , 33912 551 5 Md. Md. NNP 33912 552 1 Iron iron NN 33912 552 2 roof roof NN 33912 552 3 ? ? . 33912 553 1 First first JJ 33912 553 2 Presbyterian presbyterian JJ 33912 553 3 trusses truss NNS 33912 553 4 Church Church NNP 33912 553 5 . . . 33912 554 1 Built build VBN 33912 554 2 by by IN 33912 554 3 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 554 4 ; ; : 33912 554 5 possibly possibly RB 33912 554 6 designed design VBN 33912 554 7 by by IN 33912 554 8 him -PRON- PRP 33912 554 9 . . . 33912 555 1 1873- 1873- CD 33912 555 2 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 555 3 , , , 33912 555 4 Md. Md. NNP 33912 556 1 Cast cast NN 33912 556 2 - - HYPH 33912 556 3 iron iron NN 33912 556 4 City City NNP 33912 556 5 Hall Hall NNP 33912 556 6 . . . 33912 557 1 Cost cost NN 33912 557 2 , , , 33912 557 3 $ $ $ 33912 557 4 12,840 12,840 CD 33912 557 5 . . . 33912 558 1 stairs stair NNS 33912 558 2 Designed design VBN 33912 558 3 by by IN 33912 558 4 George George NNP 33912 558 5 A. A. NNP 33912 558 6 Frederick Frederick NNP 33912 558 7 , , , 33912 558 8 architect architect NN 33912 558 9 ; ; , 33912 558 10 built build VBN 33912 558 11 by by IN 33912 558 12 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 558 13 . . . 33912 559 1 1873- 1873- CD 33912 559 2 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 559 3 , , , 33912 559 4 Md. Md. NNP 33912 560 1 Cast cast NN 33912 560 2 - - HYPH 33912 560 3 iron iron NN 33912 560 4 Dome Dome NNP 33912 560 5 of of IN 33912 560 6 the the DT 33912 560 7 City City NNP 33912 560 8 Hall Hall NNP 33912 560 9 . . . 33912 561 1 framework framework NN 33912 561 2 Cost cost NN 33912 561 3 , , , 33912 561 4 $ $ $ 33912 561 5 70,525 70,525 CD 33912 561 6 . . . 33912 562 1 Designed design VBN 33912 562 2 by by IN 33912 562 3 George George NNP 33912 562 4 A. A. NNP 33912 562 5 Frederick Frederick NNP 33912 562 6 ; ; : 33912 562 7 built build VBN 33912 562 8 by by IN 33912 562 9 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 562 10 . . . 33912 563 1 1875- 1875- CD 33912 563 2 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 563 3 , , , 33912 563 4 Md. Md. NNP 33912 563 5 , , , 33912 563 6 Iron Iron NNP 33912 563 7 truss truss NN 33912 563 8 1/ 1/ CD 33912 563 9 ? ? . 33912 564 1 Fayette Fayette NNP 33912 564 2 Street Street NNP 33912 564 3 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 564 4 . . . 33912 565 1 c.1913 c.1913 ADD 33912 565 2 Jones Jones NNP 33912 565 3 Falls Falls NNP 33912 565 4 Cost Cost NNP 33912 565 5 , , , 33912 565 6 $ $ $ 33912 565 7 9,396 9,396 CD 33912 565 8 . . . 33912 566 1 Built build VBN 33912 566 2 by by IN 33912 566 3 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 566 4 . . . 33912 567 1 1876- 1876- CD 33912 567 2 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 567 3 , , , 33912 567 4 Md. Md. NNP 33912 567 5 , , , 33912 567 6 " " `` 33912 567 7 Single- Single- NNP 33912 567 8 1/ 1/ CD 33912 567 9 ? ? . 33912 568 1 Canton Canton NNP 33912 568 2 Avenue Avenue NNP 33912 568 3 ( ( -LRB- 33912 568 4 now now RB 33912 568 5 Fleet Fleet NNP 33912 568 6 c.1913 c.1913 NNP 33912 568 7 Jones Jones NNP 33912 568 8 Falls Falls NNP 33912 568 9 beam beam NN 33912 568 10 iron iron NN 33912 568 11 Street Street NNP 33912 568 12 ) ) -RRB- 33912 568 13 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 568 14 . . . 33912 569 1 Cost cost NN 33912 569 2 , , , 33912 569 3 bridge bridge NN 33912 569 4 " " '' 33912 569 5 $ $ $ 33912 569 6 8,904 8,904 CD 33912 569 7 . . . 33912 570 1 Built build VBN 33912 570 2 by by IN 33912 570 3 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 570 4 . . . 33912 571 1 ( ( -LRB- 33912 571 2 truss truss NNP 33912 571 3 ? ? . 33912 571 4 ) ) -RRB- 33912 572 1 1876- 1876- CD 33912 572 2 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 572 3 , , , 33912 572 4 Md. Md. NNP 33912 572 5 , , , 33912 572 6 " " `` 33912 572 7 Single- Single- NNP 33912 572 8 1/ 1/ CD 33912 572 9 ? ? . 33912 573 1 Eastern Eastern NNP 33912 573 2 Avenue Avenue NNP 33912 573 3 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 573 4 . . . 33912 574 1 c.1913 c.1913 ADD 33912 574 2 Jones Jones NNP 33912 574 3 Falls Falls NNP 33912 574 4 beam beam NN 33912 574 5 iron iron NN 33912 574 6 Cost cost NN 33912 574 7 , , , 33912 574 8 $ $ $ 33912 574 9 12,382 12,382 CD 33912 574 10 . . . 33912 575 1 Built build VBN 33912 575 2 by by IN 33912 575 3 bridge bridge NN 33912 575 4 " " `` 33912 575 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 575 6 . . . 33912 576 1 ( ( -LRB- 33912 576 2 truss truss NNP 33912 576 3 ? ? . 33912 576 4 ) ) -RRB- 33912 577 1 1877- 1877- CD 33912 577 2 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 577 3 , , , 33912 577 4 Md. Md. NNP 33912 577 5 , , , 33912 577 6 Pratt Pratt NNP 33912 577 7 and and CC 33912 577 8 1/88'6 1/88'6 CD 33912 577 9 " " '' 33912 577 10 Lombard Lombard NNP 33912 577 11 Street Street NNP 33912 577 12 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 577 13 . . . 33912 578 1 Jones Jones NNP 33912 578 2 Falls Falls NNP 33912 578 3 bowstring bowstre VBG 33912 578 4 Three three CD 33912 578 5 lines line NNS 33912 578 6 of of IN 33912 578 7 truss truss NN 33912 578 8 ; ; : 33912 578 9 truss truss NNP 33912 578 10 two two CD 33912 578 11 outer outer JJ 33912 578 12 trusses truss NNS 33912 578 13 , , , 33912 578 14 composite composite JJ 33912 578 15 cast- cast- NN 33912 578 16 and and CC 33912 578 17 wrought wrought NN 33912 578 18 - - HYPH 33912 578 19 iron iron NN 33912 578 20 polygonal polygonal NN 33912 578 21 Pratt Pratt NNP 33912 578 22 type type NN 33912 578 23 ; ; : 33912 578 24 center center NN 33912 578 25 composite composite JJ 33912 578 26 bowstring bowstre VBG 33912 578 27 with with IN 33912 578 28 Pratt Pratt NNP 33912 578 29 - - HYPH 33912 578 30 system system NN 33912 578 31 web web NN 33912 578 32 . . . 33912 579 1 Both both DT 33912 579 2 chords chord NNS 33912 579 3 are be VBP 33912 579 4 cast cast VBN 33912 579 5 - - HYPH 33912 579 6 iron iron NN 33912 579 7 water water NN 33912 579 8 mains main NNS 33912 579 9 , , , 33912 579 10 bifurcated bifurcate VBN 33912 579 11 at at IN 33912 579 12 the the DT 33912 579 13 end end NN 33912 579 14 bearings bearing NNS 33912 579 15 ; ; : 33912 579 16 cast cast NN 33912 579 17 - - HYPH 33912 579 18 iron iron NN 33912 579 19 posts post NNS 33912 579 20 and and CC 33912 579 21 wrought wrought NN 33912 579 22 - - HYPH 33912 579 23 iron iron NN 33912 579 24 ties tie NNS 33912 579 25 . . . 33912 580 1 In in IN 33912 580 2 service service NN 33912 580 3 . . . 33912 581 1 Cost cost NN 33912 581 2 , , , 33912 581 3 $ $ $ 33912 581 4 7,632 7,632 CD 33912 581 5 . . . 33912 582 1 Designed design VBN 33912 582 2 by by IN 33912 582 3 Jas Jas NNP 33912 582 4 . . . 33912 583 1 Curran Curran NNP 33912 583 2 , , , 33912 583 3 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 583 4 water water NN 33912 583 5 department department NN 33912 583 6 ; ; : 33912 583 7 built build VBN 33912 583 8 by by IN 33912 583 9 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 583 10 . . . 33912 584 1 1877- 1877- CD 33912 584 2 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 584 3 , , , 33912 584 4 Md. Md. NNP 33912 584 5 , , , 33912 584 6 Iron Iron NNP 33912 584 7 truss truss NN 33912 584 8 1/ 1/ CD 33912 584 9 ? ? . 33912 585 1 Bath Bath NNP 33912 585 2 Street Street NNP 33912 585 3 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 585 4 . . . 33912 586 1 Cost cost NN 33912 586 2 , , , 33912 586 3 c.1913 c.1913 NNP 33912 586 4 Jones Jones NNP 33912 586 5 Falls Falls NNP 33912 586 6 $ $ $ 33912 586 7 4,172 4,172 CD 33912 586 8 . . . 33912 587 1 Built build VBN 33912 587 2 by by IN 33912 587 3 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 587 4 . . . 33912 588 1 1879- 1879- CD 33912 588 2 ? ? . 33912 589 1 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 589 2 , , , 33912 589 3 Md. Md. NNP 33912 590 1 Drawbridge Drawbridge NNP 33912 590 2 1/ 1/ CD 33912 590 3 ? ? . 33912 591 1 Over over IN 33912 591 2 entrance entrance NN 33912 591 3 to to IN 33912 591 4 City City NNP 33912 591 5 Dock Dock NNP 33912 591 6 . . . 33912 592 1 Cost cost NN 33912 592 2 , , , 33912 592 3 $ $ $ 33912 592 4 13,182 13,182 CD 33912 592 5 . . . 33912 593 1 Built build VBN 33912 593 2 by by IN 33912 593 3 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 593 4 . . . 33912 594 1 1879- 1879- CD 33912 594 2 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 594 3 , , , 33912 594 4 Md. Md. NNP 33912 594 5 , , , 33912 594 6 Warren Warren NNP 33912 594 7 2/173'9 2/173'9 CD 33912 594 8 " " `` 33912 594 9 North North NNP 33912 594 10 Street Street NNP 33912 594 11 ( ( -LRB- 33912 594 12 now now RB 33912 594 13 c.1930 c.1930 VBN 33912 594 14 over over IN 33912 594 15 Jones Jones NNP 33912 594 16 Falls Falls NNP 33912 594 17 truss truss NN 33912 594 18 Guilford Guilford NNP 33912 594 19 Avenue Avenue NNP 33912 594 20 ) ) -RRB- 33912 594 21 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 594 22 . . . 33912 595 1 and and CC 33912 595 2 railroad railroad NN 33912 595 3 Composite composite JJ 33912 595 4 trusses truss NNS 33912 595 5 ; ; : 33912 595 6 tracks track NNS 33912 595 7 cast cast NN 33912 595 8 - - HYPH 33912 595 9 iron iron NN 33912 595 10 top top JJ 33912 595 11 chord chord NN 33912 595 12 and and CC 33912 595 13 end end NN 33912 595 14 posts post NNS 33912 595 15 ; ; : 33912 595 16 wrought wrought NN 33912 595 17 - - HYPH 33912 595 18 iron iron NN 33912 595 19 bottom bottom NN 33912 595 20 chord chord NN 33912 595 21 and and CC 33912 595 22 web web NN 33912 595 23 members member NNS 33912 595 24 . . . 33912 596 1 Cost cost NN 33912 596 2 , , , 33912 596 3 $ $ $ 33912 596 4 38,772.45 38,772.45 CD 33912 596 5 . . . 33912 597 1 Built build VBN 33912 597 2 by by IN 33912 597 3 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 597 4 ; ; : 33912 597 5 designed design VBN 33912 597 6 by by IN 33912 597 7 Latrobe Latrobe NNP 33912 597 8 . . . 33912 598 1 1881 1881 CD 33912 598 2 - - SYM 33912 598 3 1960 1960 CD 33912 598 4 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 598 5 , , , 33912 598 6 Md. Md. NNP 33912 598 7 , , , 33912 598 8 Wrought- Wrought- NNP 33912 598 9 1/ 1/ CD 33912 598 10 ? ? . 33912 599 1 Union Union NNP 33912 599 2 Avenue Avenue NNP 33912 599 3 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 599 4 . . . 33912 600 1 ( ( -LRB- 33912 600 2 Woodberry Woodberry NNP 33912 600 3 ) ) -RRB- 33912 600 4 , , , 33912 600 5 iron iron NN 33912 600 6 Pratt Pratt NNP 33912 600 7 Built build VBN 33912 600 8 by by IN 33912 600 9 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 600 10 ; ; : 33912 600 11 Jones Jones NNP 33912 600 12 Falls Falls NNP 33912 600 13 truss truss NN 33912 600 14 possibly possibly RB 33912 600 15 designed design VBN 33912 600 16 by by IN 33912 600 17 him -PRON- PRP 33912 600 18 . . . 33912 601 1 ? ? NFP 33912 601 2 - - : 33912 601 3 ? ? . 33912 602 1 Harpers Harpers NNP 33912 602 2 Ferry Ferry NNP 33912 602 3 , , , 33912 602 4 Va. Virginia NNP 33912 602 5 , , , 33912 602 6 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 602 7 1/148 1/148 NNP 33912 602 8 ' ' '' 33912 602 9 Arsenal Arsenal NNP 33912 602 10 Branch Branch NNP 33912 602 11 , , , 33912 602 12 B. B. NNP 33912 603 1 & & CC 33912 603 2 O. O. NNP 33912 604 1 Arsenal Arsenal NNP 33912 604 2 Canal Canal NNP 33912 604 3 through through IN 33912 604 4 RR RR NNP 33912 604 5 . . . 33912 605 1 Skew skew JJ 33912 605 2 type type NN 33912 605 3 . . . 33912 606 1 Span span VB 33912 606 2 truss truss NN 33912 606 3 length length NN 33912 606 4 is be VBZ 33912 606 5 that that DT 33912 606 6 of of IN 33912 606 7 previous previous JJ 33912 606 8 timber timber NN 33912 606 9 span span NN 33912 606 10 . . . 33912 607 1 ? ? NFP 33912 607 2 - - : 33912 607 3 ? ? . 33912 608 1 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 608 2 , , , 33912 608 3 Md. Md. NNP 33912 608 4 , , , 33912 608 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 608 6 2/ 2/ CD 33912 608 7 ? ? . 33912 609 1 B. B. NNP 33912 610 1 & & CC 33912 610 2 O. O. NNP 33912 610 3 RR RR NNP 33912 610 4 . . . 33912 611 1 Gwynns Gwynns NNP 33912 611 2 Falls Falls NNP 33912 611 3 through through IN 33912 611 4 truss truss NN 33912 611 5 BIBLIOGRAPHY BIBLIOGRAPHY NNP 33912 611 6 _ _ NNP 33912 611 7 A a DT 33912 611 8 history history NN 33912 611 9 and and CC 33912 611 10 description description NN 33912 611 11 of of IN 33912 611 12 the the DT 33912 611 13 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 611 14 and and CC 33912 611 15 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 611 16 Railroad Railroad NNP 33912 611 17 by by IN 33912 611 18 a a DT 33912 611 19 citizen citizen NN 33912 611 20 of of IN 33912 611 21 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 611 22 . . . 33912 611 23 _ _ NNP 33912 611 24 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 611 25 , , , 33912 611 26 1853 1853 CD 33912 611 27 . . . 33912 612 1 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 612 2 and and CC 33912 612 3 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 612 4 Railroad Railroad NNP 33912 612 5 Company Company NNP 33912 612 6 . . . 33912 613 1 _ _ NNP 33912 613 2 A a DT 33912 613 3 list list NN 33912 613 4 of of IN 33912 613 5 the the DT 33912 613 6 officers officer NNS 33912 613 7 and and CC 33912 613 8 employees employee NNS 33912 613 9 of of IN 33912 613 10 the the DT 33912 613 11 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 613 12 and and CC 33912 613 13 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 613 14 Railroad Railroad NNP 33912 613 15 for for IN 33912 613 16 November November NNP 33912 613 17 , , , 33912 613 18 1857 1857 CD 33912 613 19 . . . 33912 613 20 _ _ NNP 33912 613 21 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 613 22 , , , 33912 613 23 1857 1857 CD 33912 613 24 . . . 33912 614 1 ---- ---- NFP 33912 614 2 . . . 33912 615 1 _ _ NNP 33912 615 2 Third third JJ 33912 615 3 annual annual JJ 33912 615 4 report report NN 33912 615 5 of of IN 33912 615 6 the the DT 33912 615 7 president president NN 33912 615 8 and and CC 33912 615 9 directors director NNS 33912 615 10 to to IN 33912 615 11 the the DT 33912 615 12 stockholders stockholder NNS 33912 615 13 of of IN 33912 615 14 the the DT 33912 615 15 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 615 16 and and CC 33912 615 17 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 615 18 Rail Rail NNP 33912 615 19 Road Road NNP 33912 615 20 Company Company NNP 33912 615 21 . . . 33912 615 22 _ _ NNP 33912 615 23 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 615 24 : : : 33912 615 25 1829 1829 CD 33912 615 26 . . . 33912 616 1 ( ( -LRB- 33912 616 2 Also also RB 33912 616 3 the the DT 33912 616 4 fourth fourth JJ 33912 616 5 through through IN 33912 616 6 38th 38th JJ 33912 616 7 annual annual JJ 33912 616 8 reports report NNS 33912 616 9 . . . 33912 617 1 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 617 2 , , , 33912 617 3 1830 1830 CD 33912 617 4 - - SYM 33912 617 5 1864 1864 CD 33912 617 6 . . . 33912 617 7 ) ) -RRB- 33912 618 1 ---- ---- NFP 33912 618 2 . . . 33912 619 1 _ _ NNP 33912 619 2 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 619 3 and and CC 33912 619 4 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 619 5 exhibits exhibit VBZ 33912 619 6 at at IN 33912 619 7 the the DT 33912 619 8 Century Century NNP 33912 619 9 of of IN 33912 619 10 Progress Progress NNP 33912 619 11 . . . 33912 619 12 _ _ NNP 33912 619 13 Chicago Chicago NNP 33912 619 14 , , , 33912 619 15 1934 1934 CD 33912 619 16 . . . 33912 620 1 _ _ NNP 33912 620 2 Biographical Biographical NNP 33912 620 3 cyclopedia cyclopedia NN 33912 620 4 of of IN 33912 620 5 representative representative JJ 33912 620 6 men man NNS 33912 620 7 of of IN 33912 620 8 Maryland Maryland NNP 33912 620 9 and and CC 33912 620 10 the the DT 33912 620 11 District District NNP 33912 620 12 of of IN 33912 620 13 Columbia Columbia NNP 33912 620 14 . . . 33912 620 15 _ _ NNP 33912 620 16 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 620 17 , , , 33912 620 18 1879 1879 CD 33912 620 19 . . . 33912 621 1 BOLLMAN BOLLMAN NNP 33912 621 2 , , , 33912 621 3 WENDEL WENDEL NNP 33912 621 4 . . . 33912 622 1 _ _ NNP 33912 622 2 Iron Iron NNP 33912 622 3 suspension suspension NN 33912 622 4 and and CC 33912 622 5 trussed truss VBN 33912 622 6 bridge bridge NN 33912 622 7 as as IN 33912 622 8 constructed construct VBN 33912 622 9 for for IN 33912 622 10 the the DT 33912 622 11 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 622 12 and and CC 33912 622 13 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 622 14 Rail Rail NNP 33912 622 15 Road Road NNP 33912 622 16 Co. Co. NNP 33912 622 17 at at IN 33912 622 18 Harper Harper NNP 33912 622 19 's 's POS 33912 622 20 Ferry Ferry NNP 33912 622 21 , , , 33912 622 22 and and CC 33912 622 23 on on IN 33912 622 24 the the DT 33912 622 25 Washington Washington NNP 33912 622 26 branch branch NN 33912 622 27 of of IN 33912 622 28 this this DT 33912 622 29 road road NN 33912 622 30 . . . 33912 622 31 _ _ NNP 33912 622 32 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 622 33 , , , 33912 622 34 1852 1852 CD 33912 622 35 . . . 33912 623 1 ---- ---- NFP 33912 623 2 . . . 33912 624 1 Letter letter NN 33912 624 2 to to IN 33912 624 3 John John NNP 33912 624 4 W. W. NNP 33912 624 5 Garrett Garrett NNP 33912 624 6 dated date VBD 33912 624 7 June June NNP 33912 624 8 17 17 CD 33912 624 9 , , , 33912 624 10 1862 1862 CD 33912 624 11 . . . 33912 625 1 In in IN 33912 625 2 files file NNS 33912 625 3 of of IN 33912 625 4 Division Division NNP 33912 625 5 of of IN 33912 625 6 Mechanical Mechanical NNP 33912 625 7 and and CC 33912 625 8 Civil Civil NNP 33912 625 9 Engineering Engineering NNP 33912 625 10 , , , 33912 625 11 United United NNP 33912 625 12 States States NNP 33912 625 13 National National NNP 33912 625 14 Museum Museum NNP 33912 625 15 , , , 33912 625 16 Washington Washington NNP 33912 625 17 , , , 33912 625 18 D.C. D.C. NNP 33912 625 19 ---- ---- NFP 33912 625 20 . . . 33912 626 1 _ _ NNP 33912 626 2 Report Report NNP 33912 626 3 of of IN 33912 626 4 Mr. Mr. NNP 33912 626 5 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 626 6 in in IN 33912 626 7 relation relation NN 33912 626 8 to to IN 33912 626 9 Central Central NNP 33912 626 10 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 626 11 Rail Rail NNP 33912 626 12 Road Road NNP 33912 626 13 . . . 33912 626 14 _ _ NNP 33912 626 15 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 626 16 , , , 33912 626 17 1854 1854 CD 33912 626 18 . . . 33912 627 1 BRYANT BRYANT NNP 33912 627 2 , , , 33912 627 3 WILLIAM WILLIAM NNP 33912 627 4 C. C. NNP 33912 627 5 _ _ NNP 33912 627 6 Picturesque Picturesque NNP 33912 627 7 America America NNP 33912 627 8 . . . 33912 627 9 _ _ NNP 33912 627 10 New New NNP 33912 627 11 York York NNP 33912 627 12 , , , 33912 627 13 1874 1874 CD 33912 627 14 . . . 33912 628 1 CLARKE CLARKE NNP 33912 628 2 , , , 33912 628 3 THOMAS THOMAS NNP 33912 628 4 CURTIS CURTIS NNP 33912 628 5 . . . 33912 629 1 _ _ NNP 33912 629 2 An an DT 33912 629 3 account account NN 33912 629 4 of of IN 33912 629 5 the the DT 33912 629 6 iron iron NN 33912 629 7 railway railway NN 33912 629 8 bridge bridge NN 33912 629 9 across across IN 33912 629 10 the the DT 33912 629 11 Mississippi Mississippi NNP 33912 629 12 River River NNP 33912 629 13 at at IN 33912 629 14 Quincy Quincy NNP 33912 629 15 , , , 33912 629 16 Illinois Illinois NNP 33912 629 17 . . . 33912 629 18 _ _ NNP 33912 629 19 New New NNP 33912 629 20 York York NNP 33912 629 21 , , , 33912 629 22 1869 1869 CD 33912 629 23 . . . 33912 630 1 COLBURN COLBURN NNP 33912 630 2 , , , 33912 630 3 ZERAH ZERAH NNP 33912 630 4 . . . 33912 631 1 American american JJ 33912 631 2 iron iron NN 33912 631 3 bridges bridge NNS 33912 631 4 . . . 33912 632 1 _ _ NNP 33912 632 2 Minutes Minutes NNPS 33912 632 3 of of IN 33912 632 4 the the DT 33912 632 5 proceedings proceeding NNS 33912 632 6 of of IN 33912 632 7 the the DT 33912 632 8 Institution Institution NNP 33912 632 9 of of IN 33912 632 10 Mechanical Mechanical NNP 33912 632 11 Engineers Engineers NNPS 33912 632 12 _ _ NNP 33912 632 13 ( ( -LRB- 33912 632 14 1863 1863 CD 33912 632 15 ) ) -RRB- 33912 632 16 , , , 33912 632 17 vol vol NNP 33912 632 18 . . . 33912 633 1 22 22 CD 33912 633 2 , , , 33912 633 3 pp pp NNP 33912 633 4 . . . 33912 634 1 540 540 CD 33912 634 2 - - SYM 33912 634 3 573 573 CD 33912 634 4 . . . 33912 635 1 CONDIT CONDIT NNP 33912 635 2 , , , 33912 635 3 CARL CARL NNP 33912 635 4 . . . 33912 636 1 _ _ NNP 33912 636 2 American american JJ 33912 636 3 building building NN 33912 636 4 art:--The art:--the JJ 33912 636 5 nineteenth nineteenth JJ 33912 636 6 century century NN 33912 636 7 . . . 33912 636 8 _ _ NNP 33912 636 9 New New NNP 33912 636 10 York York NNP 33912 636 11 : : : 33912 636 12 Oxford Oxford NNP 33912 636 13 Press Press NNP 33912 636 14 , , , 33912 636 15 1960 1960 CD 33912 636 16 . . . 33912 637 1 GRAY GRAY NNP 33912 637 2 , , , 33912 637 3 GEORGE GEORGE NNP 33912 637 4 E. E. NNP 33912 637 5 Notes Notes NNP 33912 637 6 on on IN 33912 637 7 early early JJ 33912 637 8 practice practice NN 33912 637 9 in in IN 33912 637 10 bridge bridge NN 33912 637 11 building building NN 33912 637 12 . . . 33912 638 1 _ _ NNP 33912 638 2 Transactions Transactions NNPS 33912 638 3 of of IN 33912 638 4 the the DT 33912 638 5 American American NNP 33912 638 6 Society Society NNP 33912 638 7 of of IN 33912 638 8 Civil Civil NNP 33912 638 9 Engineers Engineers NNPS 33912 638 10 _ _ NNP 33912 638 11 ( ( -LRB- 33912 638 12 1897 1897 CD 33912 638 13 ) ) -RRB- 33912 638 14 , , , 33912 638 15 vol vol NNP 33912 638 16 . . . 33912 639 1 37 37 CD 33912 639 2 , , , 33912 639 3 pp pp NNP 33912 639 4 . . . 33912 640 1 2 2 CD 33912 640 2 - - SYM 33912 640 3 16 16 CD 33912 640 4 . . . 33912 641 1 GREINER GREINER NNP 33912 641 2 , , , 33912 641 3 JOHN JOHN NNP 33912 641 4 E. E. NNP 33912 641 5 The the DT 33912 641 6 American american JJ 33912 641 7 railroad railroad NN 33912 641 8 viaduct viaduct NN 33912 641 9 -- -- : 33912 641 10 Its -PRON- PRP$ 33912 641 11 origin origin NN 33912 641 12 and and CC 33912 641 13 evolution evolution NN 33912 641 14 . . . 33912 642 1 _ _ NNP 33912 642 2 Transactions Transactions NNPS 33912 642 3 of of IN 33912 642 4 the the DT 33912 642 5 American American NNP 33912 642 6 Society Society NNP 33912 642 7 of of IN 33912 642 8 Civil Civil NNP 33912 642 9 Engineers Engineers NNPS 33912 642 10 _ _ NNP 33912 642 11 ( ( -LRB- 33912 642 12 1891 1891 CD 33912 642 13 ) ) -RRB- 33912 642 14 , , , 33912 642 15 vol vol NNP 33912 642 16 . . . 33912 643 1 25 25 CD 33912 643 2 , , , 33912 643 3 pp pp NNP 33912 643 4 . . . 33912 644 1 349 349 CD 33912 644 2 - - SYM 33912 644 3 372 372 CD 33912 644 4 . . . 33912 645 1 LANG LANG NNP 33912 645 2 , , , 33912 645 3 PHILIP PHILIP NNP 33912 645 4 GEORGE GEORGE NNP 33912 645 5 . . . 33912 646 1 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 646 2 trusses truss NNS 33912 646 3 on on IN 33912 646 4 Valley Valley NNP 33912 646 5 of of IN 33912 646 6 Virginia Virginia NNP 33912 646 7 Branch Branch NNP 33912 646 8 will will MD 33912 646 9 soon soon RB 33912 646 10 be be VB 33912 646 11 memories memory NNS 33912 646 12 . . . 33912 647 1 _ _ NNP 33912 647 2 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 647 3 and and CC 33912 647 4 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 647 5 Magazine Magazine NNP 33912 647 6 _ _ NNP 33912 647 7 ( ( -LRB- 33912 647 8 October October NNP 33912 647 9 1923 1923 CD 33912 647 10 ) ) -RRB- 33912 647 11 , , , 33912 647 12 pp pp NNP 33912 647 13 . . . 33912 648 1 18 18 CD 33912 648 2 - - SYM 33912 648 3 19 19 CD 33912 648 4 . . . 33912 649 1 ---- ---- NFP 33912 649 2 . . . 33912 650 1 The the DT 33912 650 2 old old JJ 33912 650 3 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 650 4 and and CC 33912 650 5 Ohio Ohio NNP 33912 650 6 bridge bridge NN 33912 650 7 crossing cross VBG 33912 650 8 the the DT 33912 650 9 Potomac Potomac NNP 33912 650 10 River River NNP 33912 650 11 at at IN 33912 650 12 Harpers Harpers NNP 33912 650 13 Ferry Ferry NNP 33912 650 14 , , , 33912 650 15 West West NNP 33912 650 16 [ [ -LRB- 33912 650 17 sic sic NN 33912 650 18 ] ] -RRB- 33912 650 19 Virginia Virginia NNP 33912 650 20 . . . 33912 651 1 _ _ NNP 33912 651 2 Engineering Engineering NNP 33912 651 3 News News NNP 33912 651 4 - - HYPH 33912 651 5 Record Record NNP 33912 651 6 _ _ NNP 33912 651 7 ( ( -LRB- 33912 651 8 September September NNP 33912 651 9 17 17 CD 33912 651 10 , , , 33912 651 11 1931 1931 CD 33912 651 12 ) ) -RRB- 33912 651 13 , , , 33912 651 14 p. p. NN 33912 651 15 446 446 CD 33912 651 16 . . . 33912 652 1 MALEZIEUX MALEZIEUX NNP 33912 652 2 , , , 33912 652 3 EMILE EMILE NNP 33912 652 4 . . . 33912 653 1 _ _ NNP 33912 653 2 Travaux Travaux NNP 33912 653 3 publics public NNS 33912 653 4 des des FW 33912 653 5 Etats Etats NNP 33912 653 6 - - HYPH 33912 653 7 Unis Unis NNP 33912 653 8 d'Amerique d'Amerique NNP 33912 653 9 en en IN 33912 653 10 1870 1870 CD 33912 653 11 . . . 33912 653 12 _ _ NNP 33912 653 13 Paris Paris NNP 33912 653 14 , , , 33912 653 15 1873 1873 CD 33912 653 16 . . . 33912 654 1 MCDOWELL MCDOWELL NNP 33912 654 2 , , , 33912 654 3 W. W. NNP 33912 654 4 H. H. NNP 33912 654 5 Unpublished Unpublished NNP 33912 654 6 engineer engineer NN 33912 654 7 's 's POS 33912 654 8 report report NN 33912 654 9 to to IN 33912 654 10 the the DT 33912 654 11 president president NN 33912 654 12 and and CC 33912 654 13 directors director NNS 33912 654 14 of of IN 33912 654 15 Wilmington Wilmington NNP 33912 654 16 Railway Railway NNP 33912 654 17 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 654 18 Company Company NNP 33912 654 19 , , , 33912 654 20 Wilmington Wilmington NNP 33912 654 21 , , , 33912 654 22 North North NNP 33912 654 23 Carolina Carolina NNP 33912 654 24 , , , 33912 654 25 dated date VBN 33912 654 26 March March NNP 33912 654 27 12 12 CD 33912 654 28 , , , 33912 654 29 1868 1868 CD 33912 654 30 . . . 33912 655 1 Typewritten typewrite VBN 33912 655 2 copy copy VBP 33912 655 3 in in IN 33912 655 4 files file NNS 33912 655 5 of of IN 33912 655 6 Division Division NNP 33912 655 7 of of IN 33912 655 8 Mechanical Mechanical NNP 33912 655 9 and and CC 33912 655 10 Civil Civil NNP 33912 655 11 Engineering Engineering NNP 33912 655 12 , , , 33912 655 13 U.S. U.S. NNP 33912 655 14 National National NNP 33912 655 15 Museum Museum NNP 33912 655 16 , , , 33912 655 17 Washington Washington NNP 33912 655 18 , , , 33912 655 19 D.C. D.C. NNP 33912 655 20 SMITH SMITH NNP 33912 655 21 , , , 33912 655 22 CHARLES CHARLES NNP 33912 655 23 SHALER SHALER NNP 33912 655 24 . . . 33912 656 1 _ _ NNP 33912 656 2 Comparative comparative JJ 33912 656 3 analysis analysis NN 33912 656 4 of of IN 33912 656 5 the the DT 33912 656 6 Fink Fink NNP 33912 656 7 , , , 33912 656 8 Murphy Murphy NNP 33912 656 9 , , , 33912 656 10 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 656 11 and and CC 33912 656 12 triangular triangular JJ 33912 656 13 trusses truss NNS 33912 656 14 . . . 33912 656 15 _ _ NNP 33912 656 16 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 656 17 , , , 33912 656 18 1865 1865 CD 33912 656 19 . . . 33912 657 1 SMITH SMITH NNP 33912 657 2 , , , 33912 657 3 WILLIAM WILLIAM NNP 33912 657 4 P. P. NNP 33912 657 5 _ _ NNP 33912 657 6 The the DT 33912 657 7 book book NN 33912 657 8 of of IN 33912 657 9 the the DT 33912 657 10 great great JJ 33912 657 11 railway railway NN 33912 657 12 celebrations celebration NNS 33912 657 13 of of IN 33912 657 14 1857 1857 CD 33912 657 15 . . . 33912 657 16 _ _ NNP 33912 657 17 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 33912 657 18 , , , 33912 657 19 1858 1858 CD 33912 657 20 . . . 33912 658 1 TYRRELL TYRRELL NNP 33912 658 2 , , , 33912 658 3 HENRY HENRY NNP 33912 658 4 G. G. NNP 33912 658 5 _ _ NNP 33912 658 6 History History NNP 33912 658 7 of of IN 33912 658 8 bridge bridge NN 33912 658 9 engineering engineering NN 33912 658 10 . . . 33912 658 11 _ _ NNP 33912 658 12 Chicago Chicago NNP 33912 658 13 , , , 33912 658 14 1911 1911 CD 33912 658 15 . . . 33912 659 1 WHIPPLE WHIPPLE NNP 33912 659 2 , , , 33912 659 3 SQUIRE SQUIRE NNS 33912 659 4 . . . 33912 660 1 _ _ NNP 33912 660 2 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 660 3 building building NN 33912 660 4 . . . 33912 660 5 _ _ NNP 33912 660 6 Albany Albany NNP 33912 660 7 , , , 33912 660 8 New New NNP 33912 660 9 York York NNP 33912 660 10 , , , 33912 660 11 1869 1869 CD 33912 660 12 . . . 33912 661 1 U.S. U.S. NNP 33912 661 2 GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT NNP 33912 661 3 PRINTING print VBG 33912 661 4 OFFICE office NN 33912 661 5 : : : 33912 661 6 1964 1964 CD 33912 661 7 For for IN 33912 661 8 sale sale NN 33912 661 9 by by IN 33912 661 10 the the DT 33912 661 11 Superintendent Superintendent NNP 33912 661 12 of of IN 33912 661 13 Documents Documents NNPS 33912 661 14 , , , 33912 661 15 U.S. U.S. NNP 33912 661 16 Government Government NNP 33912 661 17 Printing Printing NNP 33912 661 18 Office Office NNP 33912 661 19 Washington Washington NNP 33912 661 20 D.C. D.C. NNP 33912 661 21 20402 20402 CD 33912 661 22 - - HYPH 33912 661 23 Price price NN 33912 661 24 70 70 CD 33912 661 25 cents cent NNS 33912 661 26 INDEX INDEX NNP 33912 661 27 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 661 28 , , , 33912 661 29 W. W. NNP 33912 661 30 , , , 33912 661 31 and and CC 33912 661 32 Company Company NNP 33912 661 33 , , , 33912 661 34 91 91 CD 33912 661 35 , , , 33912 661 36 92 92 CD 33912 661 37 Bollman Bollman NNP 33912 661 38 , , , 33912 661 39 Wendel Wendel NNP 33912 661 40 , , , 33912 661 41 79 79 CD 33912 661 42 , , , 33912 661 43 80 80 CD 33912 661 44 , , , 33912 661 45 85 85 CD 33912 661 46 , , , 33912 661 47 88 88 CD 33912 661 48 , , , 33912 661 49 94 94 CD 33912 661 50 Clark Clark NNP 33912 661 51 , , , 33912 661 52 John John NNP 33912 661 53 , , , 33912 661 54 91 91 CD 33912 661 55 Fink Fink NNP 33912 661 56 , , , 33912 661 57 Albert Albert NNP 33912 661 58 , , , 33912 661 59 79 79 CD 33912 661 60 , , , 33912 661 61 91 91 CD 33912 661 62 Grubenmann Grubenmann NNP 33912 661 63 , , , 33912 661 64 Hans Hans NNP 33912 661 65 , , , 33912 661 66 85 85 CD 33912 661 67 Grubenmann Grubenmann NNP 33912 661 68 , , , 33912 661 69 Johann Johann NNP 33912 661 70 Ulrich Ulrich NNP 33912 661 71 , , , 33912 661 72 85 85 CD 33912 661 73 Haupt Haupt NNP 33912 661 74 , , , 33912 661 75 Herman Herman NNP 33912 661 76 , , , 33912 661 77 96 96 CD 33912 661 78 Knight Knight NNP 33912 661 79 , , , 33912 661 80 ---- ---- NFP 33912 661 81 , , , 33912 661 82 83 83 CD 33912 661 83 Latrobe Latrobe NNP 33912 661 84 , , , 33912 661 85 Benjamin Benjamin NNP 33912 661 86 H. H. NNP 33912 661 87 , , , 33912 661 88 82 82 CD 33912 661 89 , , , 33912 661 90 83 83 CD 33912 661 91 , , , 33912 661 92 85 85 CD 33912 661 93 , , , 33912 661 94 87 87 CD 33912 661 95 Long long RB 33912 661 96 , , , 33912 661 97 Stephen Stephen NNP 33912 661 98 H. H. NNP 33912 661 99 , , , 33912 661 100 85 85 CD 33912 661 101 Meigs Meigs NNP 33912 661 102 , , , 33912 661 103 M. M. NNP 33912 661 104 C. C. NNP 33912 661 105 , , , 33912 661 106 96 96 CD 33912 661 107 Morris Morris NNP 33912 661 108 , , , 33912 661 109 Tasker Tasker NNP 33912 661 110 and and CC 33912 661 111 Company Company NNP 33912 661 112 , , , 33912 661 113 94 94 CD 33912 661 114 Mount Mount NNP 33912 661 115 Clair Clair NNP 33912 661 116 shops shop NNS 33912 661 117 , , , 33912 661 118 83 83 CD 33912 661 119 , , , 33912 661 120 89 89 CD 33912 661 121 , , , 33912 661 122 92 92 CD 33912 661 123 Patapsco Patapsco NNP 33912 661 124 Bridge Bridge NNP 33912 661 125 and and CC 33912 661 126 Iron Iron NNP 33912 661 127 Works Works NNP 33912 661 128 , , , 33912 661 129 92 92 CD 33912 661 130 , , , 33912 661 131 95 95 CD 33912 661 132 Phoenix Phoenix NNP 33912 661 133 Iron Iron NNP 33912 661 134 Works Works NNP 33912 661 135 , , , 33912 661 136 92 92 CD 33912 661 137 Pratt Pratt NNP 33912 661 138 , , , 33912 661 139 Thomas Thomas NNP 33912 661 140 W. W. NNP 33912 661 141 , , , 33912 661 142 91 91 CD 33912 661 143 Reeves Reeves NNP 33912 661 144 , , , 33912 661 145 Samuel Samuel NNP 33912 661 146 J. J. NNP 33912 661 147 , , , 33912 661 148 92 92 CD 33912 661 149 , , , 33912 661 150 95 95 CD 33912 661 151 Roebling Roebling NNP 33912 661 152 , , , 33912 661 153 John John NNP 33912 661 154 A. A. NNP 33912 661 155 , , , 33912 661 156 83 83 CD 33912 661 157 , , , 33912 661 158 90 90 CD 33912 661 159 Savage Savage NNP 33912 661 160 Factory Factory NNP 33912 661 161 , , , 33912 661 162 88 88 CD 33912 661 163 Stephenson Stephenson NNP 33912 661 164 , , , 33912 661 165 Robert Robert NNP 33912 661 166 , , , 33912 661 167 90 90 CD 33912 661 168 Tegmeyer Tegmeyer NNP 33912 661 169 , , , 33912 661 170 John John NNP 33912 661 171 H. H. NNP 33912 661 172 , , , 33912 661 173 91 91 CD 33912 661 174 Town Town NNP 33912 661 175 , , , 33912 661 176 Ithiel Ithiel NNP 33912 661 177 , , , 33912 661 178 85 85 CD 33912 661 179 Wernwag Wernwag NNP 33912 661 180 , , , 33912 661 181 Lewis Lewis NNP 33912 661 182 , , , 33912 661 183 89 89 CD 33912 661 184 Whipple Whipple NNP 33912 661 185 , , , 33912 661 186 Squire Squire NNP 33912 661 187 , , , 33912 661 188 79 79 CD 33912 661 189 , , , 33912 661 190 83 83 CD 33912 661 191 , , , 33912 661 192 87 87 CD 33912 661 193 , , , 33912 661 194 91 91 CD 33912 661 195 , , , 33912 661 196 95 95 CD 33912 661 197 Whistler Whistler NNP 33912 661 198 , , , 33912 661 199 George George NNP 33912 661 200 W. W. NNP 33912 661 201 , , , 33912 661 202 83 83 CD 33912 661 203 Winans Winans NNPS 33912 661 204 , , , 33912 661 205 Ross Ross NNP 33912 661 206 , , , 33912 661 207 83 83 CD 33912 661 208 Wright Wright NNP 33912 661 209 , , , 33912 661 210 Benjamin Benjamin NNP 33912 661 211 , , , 33912 661 212 83 83 CD